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Nationale operationer er Forsvarets betegnelse for en række aktiviteter, som gennemføres og planlægges i relation til Danmark og de nationale opgaver. Der skelnes mellem nationale operationer og internationale operationer. Hvor internationale operationer omfatter udsendelsen af styrker fra Danmark samt kapacitetsopbygning i svage stater, så omfatter nationale operationer en bred vifte af opgaver inden for Kongeriget Danmarks grænser, herunder også Grønland og Færøerne. Begrebet spænder fra støtte til det civile samfund i fredstid - fx i forbindelse med snestorme eller stormflod over kriser såsom større ulykker eller katastrofer til krigstidsopgaver.

Nationale operationer omfatter overvågning og suverænitetshævdelse. Overvågning af landområdet påhviler politiet, som kan anmode om støtte fra Forsvaret. Det eneste landterritorium, der fast overvåges af Forsvaret, er den nordøstlige del af Grønland. Denne opgave løses af Siriuspatruljen, der er tillagt politimyndighed. Farvandsovervågningen udføres primært af søværnets 3. Eskadre. Søværnets Overvågnings Enhed (SOE) har ansvaret for overvågningen af farvande med kystradarer og  (VTS) i henholdsvis Øresund og Storebælt. Patruljeskibe fra søværnet samt lejlighedsvis støtte fra Marinehjemmeværnet varetager overvågning og suverænitetshævdelse til søs. Søværnets opgaveløsning ved Grønland og Færøerne varetages primært af Søværnets 1. Eskadre.

Andre skibe, fly eller helikoptere fra forsvaret supplerer overvågningen og løser derudover andre opgaver. Luftrummet overvåges af Flyvevåbnet ved hjælp af radarer, suppleret med information fra civile myndigheder. Til afvisning af krænkelser opretholder flyvevåbnet et permanent afvisningsberedskab med kampfly på beredskab.

Nationale operationer omfatter også opgaver for kongehuset, herunder bevogtning af de kongelige slotte og palæer, ceremoniel, flyvning samt sejlads med kongeskibet Dannebrog.

Endvidere omfatter nationale operationer en række civile og civilt prægede opgaver, herunder katastrofehjælp, støtte til Politiet og SKAT mfl. (herunder bevogtningsopgaver i København og støtte til grænsekontrollen), eftersøgnings- og redningstjeneste, fiskeriinspektion ved Grønland og Færøerne, Havmiljøovervågning, -håndhævelse og forureningsbekæmpelse i danske farvande, støtte til sikker afvikling af skibstrafikken, ammunitionsrydning, sø-opmåling, bistand til lokalsamfundene i Grønland og Færøerne, samt transport af meget vigtige personer (VIP). Til nogle af opgaverne inden for nationale operationer er der etableret særlig struktur, kapaciteter og beredskab. Andre opgaver løses med ressourcer, der står til rådighed. Forsvaret og Forsvarets kapaciteter indgår i samfundets samlede beredskab; totalforsvaret.

I Danmark styres opgave-, rolle- og ansvarsfordeling mellem myndigheder i forbindelse med en national krisesituation, samt organisering af den nationale krisestyring, af syv grundlæggende principper:
 Sektoransvarsprincippet: Ansvarsfordelingen mellem myndigheder ændres ikke i en krisesituation. Den myndighed, der til daglig bærer ansvaret for en given opgaves håndtering, bevarer ansvaret for opgaven i en krisesituation (før, under og efter krisen).
 Lighedsprincippet: Procedure og ansvarsforhold etableret i den daglige opgaveløsning fastholdes i en krisesituation med mindre andet taler for en ændring.
 Nærhedsprincippet: Beredskabsopgaver løses så tæt på borgeren eller det ramte område som muligt og i udgangspunktet på lavest egnede, relevante organisatoriske niveau.
 Samarbejdsprincippet: Alle involverede myndigheder har et selvstændigt ansvar for at samarbejde og koordinere med andre myndigheder og organisationer vedrørende beredskabsplanlægning og krisestyring med henblik på bedst mulig anvendelse af samfundets samlede ressourcer.
 Handlingsprincippet: I en situation med uklare eller ufuldstændige informationer er det mere hensigtsmæssigt at etablere et lidt for højt beredskab end et lidt for lavt beredskab. Samtidig skal der hurtigt kunne ændres på beredskabet i nedadgående retning for at undgå ressourcespild.
 Fleksibilitetsprincippet: Opgaven er det styrende for tilrettelæggelsen af samarbejdet. Det betyder at myndighedernes virke og arbejde i de tværgående krisestyringsfora kan og bør tilpasses den konkrete situation.
 Retningsprincippet: En organisations handlinger under kriser styres med udgangspunkt i klare strategiske hensigter. De strategiske hensigter skal sætte den overordnede retning for organisationens indsats og skal angive, hvad organisationen samlet set ønsker at opnå med krisestyringsindsatsen.

Kommando og kontrolforhold i nationale operationer
Forsvarschefen er øverstkommanderende og har fuld kommando over danske militære styrker. Forsvarskommandoen har etableret et Værnsfælles Operativt Center, i daglig tale kaldet Joint Operations centre (JOC). Joint Operations centre (JOC) varetager den overordnede planlægning, koordination og indsættelse af Forsvarets kapaciteter. Herunder, på det taktiske niveau, har hver kommando deres eget operationscenter, der indsætter egne kapaciteter og koordinerer med de øvrige kommandoer. Hærens operationscenter benævnes "National Land Operativt Centre" (NLOC), søværnets benævnes "Nationalt Maritimt Operativt Center" (NMOC), flyvevåbnets benævnes "National Air Operations Centre" (NAOC), Specialoperationskommandoens benævnes "Nationalt Specialoperationsstyrke Operativt Center" (NSOC) og Arktisk Kommandos benævnes "Arktisk Værnsfælles Operativt Center" (AJOC). Ved indsættelse af Hærhjemmeværnet afgives kontrollen med Landsdelsregionerne til chefen for Hæren i Operativ Kommando, og kontrollen med marinehjemmeværnet afgives til NMOC og kontrollen med flyverhjemmeværnet afgives til NAOC.

Hvis der ved særlige eller større hændelser bliver behov for at koordinere på tværs af sektorer vil den National Operative Stab (NOST) træde sammen og bistå koordinationen. NOST har ingen kommando over sektorer, men er udelukkende en koordinerende stab. Den Nationale Operative Stab består af de faste medlemmer Rigspolitiet (varetager den koordinerende ledelse af NOST), Forsvarskommandoen, Politiets Efterretningstjeneste, Forsvarets Efterretningstjeneste, Sundhedsstyrelsen, Trafik-, Bygge- og Boligstyrelsen samt Udenrigsministeriet. Herudover kan staben indkalde ad hoc-medlemmer fra relevante myndigheder m.fl.

Koordination sektorerne imellem på taktisk niveau
NOST referer til Regeringens sikkerhedsudvalg, subsidiært embedsmandsudvalget for sikkerhedsspørgsmål. Politiet i den enkelte politikreds forestår koordinationen af tværgående indsatser og samarbejde sektorerne imellem i en lokal beredskabsstab (LBS) der dækker politikredsens område. Jævnfør beredskabsloven §§ 25 er LBS udover den koordinerende rolle i forberedelse og gennemførelse også ansvarlig for beredskabsplanlægning og koordination af samme mellem de enkelte sektoransvarsmyndigheder. Ved opgaver/hændelser der rækker ud over den enkelte politikreds, kan Rigspolitichefen udpege en lokal beredskabsstab som lead. Faste medlemmer i den lokale beredskabsstab er politiet, forsvarets landsdelsregion, Beredskabsstyrelsens beredskabscenter, regionernes sundhedsberedskab og det kommunale redningsberedskab. beredskabsstaben kan supplere sig selv med relevante ad-hoc medlemmer.

På stedet ledes indsatsen fra politiets kommandostade (KST) med deltagelse af redning/brandvæsen, sundhed og efter omstændighederne med deltagelse af forsvaret.

Sammensætningen, deltagelse, koordination og ansvar myndighederne i mellem i KST, LBS, NOST styres af Krisestyringens principper hvor sektoransvarsprincippet er væsentligt i det det betyder at ansvaret i krise ikke ændrer sig i forhold til daglige forhold, men også samarbejdsprincippet idet det pålægges den enkelte sektor at imødekomme behov og efterspørgsler fra de øvrige sektorer og at være repræsenteret kompetent og med mandat i de tværgående fora.

Det lovmæssige indsættelsesgrundlag for nationale operationer
Selve lovgrundlaget for Forsvarsministeriets indsættelse i nationale operationer fastsættes overordnet i Forsvarsloven og Beredskabsloven. Forsvarets formål, opgaver og organisation rammesættes i Forsvarsloven. Mens redningsberedskabets opbygning og opgaver rammesættes i Beredskabsloven.

Udvikling og udførelse af disse opgaver, samt tilpasning af organisationen, sker løbende igennem indgåelse af politiske aftaler, såkaldte forsvarsforlig. Forsvarsforliget strækker sig over en forligsperiode på fire-fem år og sætter retningen for Forsvarets praktiske opgaveløsning og organisation. Det er således her at midlerne til løsning af de, i Forsvarsloven og Beredskabsloven, fastsatte opgaver fastsættes.

Hertil kommer yderligere love og bestemmelser, bl.a. Lov om Forsvarets personel, der dækker både nuværende og tidligere ansatte indenfor Forsvarsministeriets område, Politiloven, der sætter rammerne for Forsvarets støtte til politiet under nationale operationer samt Værnepligtsloven, der fastsætter rammerne for værnepligten i Danmark.

Forsvarsloven
Forsvarsloven beskriver Forsvarets formål, opgaver og organisation. I rammen af nationale operationer er det særligt interessant at kigge på bl.a. § 2, pkt. 1-3, der beskriver Forsvarets formål, samt §§ 3-8, der beskriver Forsvarets opgaver. Flere af paragrafferne refererer specifikt til nationale hhv. internationale opgaver i rammen af NATO, der allerede er integreret i Forsvarets nuværende opgaveløsning, og dermed indarbejdet i Forsvarets organisation. Vanskeligere er det med § 7, der beskriver hvorledes Forsvaret kan indsættes til at løse opgaver i øvrige ministerområder. Denne del er vanskelig at forberede, men lægger naturligt op til nationale operationer.  Et eksempel kunne være indsættelsen af Forsvarets enheder til støtte for aflivningen af de danske bestande af mink pga. COVID-19.

Forsvarsloven beskriver også forsvarsministerens øgede muligheder i forbindelse med krig eller andre ekstraordinære forhold (§ 17), herunder tilsidesættelse af grundlovens § 72 ved at give mulighed for, uden retskendelse, at aflytte telefoner og anden kommunikation.

Beredskabsloven
Beredskabsloven beskriver redningsberedskabets formål og opbygning. Redningsberedskabet omfatter det statslige redningsberedskab, herunder det statslige regionale redningsberedskab, og det kommunale redningsberedskab. Beredskabsloven anviser således også rollefordelingen og opgaver for de enkelte niveauer. Ligeledes beskriver Beredskabsloven reglerne for indsættelse af redningsberedskabet, forudgående beredskabsplanlægning og evt. ekspropriation mv.

Forsvarsforliget
Forsvarsforliget, der for nuværende gælder i perioden 2018-2023, giver i forhold til nationale operationer en række nye eller forstærkede kapaciteter. Blandt andet betyder forliget, at der skal indkaldes ca. 500 flere værnepligtige, herunder oprettelse af et 4. vagthold ved Den Kongelige Livgarde, en styrkelse af det statslige redningsberedskab i form af flere værnepligtige og mere materiel til Beredskabsstyrelsen, et dedikeret helikopterbidrag til støtte for politiet samt oprettelse af et helt nyt cybersituationscenter. Dertil kommer et, igennem forliget, stigende budget til oprettelse af bl.a. en let-infanteribataljon, samt flere andre militære kapaciteter.

Hæren
Hærens opgaver er at forsvare kongeriget Danmark, bidrage til international sikkerhed og fred samt støtte det øvrige samfund. Hæren bidrager til forsvaret af kongeriget Danmark (nationale operationer) med veluddannede og indsatsklare enheder. Hæren kan således med få timers varsel stille enheder til rådighed for politiet, herunder en strategisk reserve på ca. 400 mand på højt beredskab, der med kort varsel kan indsættes i København, og støtte politiet i tilfælde af f.eks. terrorangreb og herudover, bl.a. en let infanteribataljon på ca. 500 mand.

Den danske hær er en krigsorganisation, der består af værnepligtige under basisuddannelse, soldater under reaktionsstyrkeuddannelsen, soldaterne i den stående styrke og et meget lille antal civilansatte. Hæren uddanner og træner for at kunne forsvare kongeriget, både alene og sammen med allierede.

Uddannelsen til at kunne kæmpe i krise eller krig er baggrunden for alt andet uddannelse og det grundlag, der bygges oven på ved klargøring til international missioner.

Hærens nationale opgaver omfatter bl.a.

 Ammunitions- og minerydning, hvor særligt uddannede soldater med specialudstyr, kan indsættes ved bombetrusler, eller når man finder farlige genstande som miner, ammunition eller farligt fyrværkeri.
 Is- og sneberedskab, hvor bl.a. Hærens terrængående Piranha 5 køretøjer kan indsættes til at støtte det øvrige samfund, når sneen lukker vejene.
 Støtte til Kongehuset med bevogtning af de kongelige slotte og palæer og eskorte i forbindelse med særlige arrangementer.
 Støtte til politiet sker med soldater og materiel i særlig situationer og hjælper med grænsekontrol og bevogtningsopgaver. Fx bidrager Hæren daglig til Operation Gefion, der drejer sig om Forsvarets støtte til blandt andet grænsekontrol ved den dansk-tyske grænse samt bevogtningsopgaver i København. Operationen er en udløber af forsvarsforliget for 2018-2023. Her blev det besluttet, at Forsvaret skal støtte og aflaste politiet i deres opgaveløsning.

Hæren er en vigtigt del af samfundets samlede beredskab - totalforsvaret. Formålet er at sikre en effektiv og koordineret indsats af samfundets samlede ressourcer i tilfælde af kriser, katastrofer eller større hændelser. Hæren er således en organisation, der løser mange varierede nationale opgaver både i fred, konflikt, krise og krig. Inden for landets grænser styres de indsatte soldater fra Hærens hovedkvarter og National Land Operativt Center i Karup (NLOC).

Flyvevåbnet
Flyvevåbnet leverer militære, flyvende kapaciteter til det nationale beredskab. I den opgaveportefølje har Flyvevåbnet sammen med sine NATO-partnere ansvaret for at overvåge, detektere trusler, rapportere til rette forestående myndighed og indsatte det flyvende beredskab.

Flyvevåbnet er organiseret med Flyverkommandoen og dens stab og organiseret med med National Air Operations Center (NAOC) i Karup, som til dagligt er ansvarlig for føring af flyvevåbnets flyvende operative kapaciteter nationalt.

Under Flyverkommandoen er de seks Wings organiseret:
 Air Control Wing
 Air Transport Wing
 Fighter Wing
 Helicopter Wing
 Joint Movement and Transportation Organization
 Operations Support Wing

Air Control Wing
Air Control Wing(ACW) har med dens Control and Reporting Center(CRC) Karup ansvaret for at overvåge, kontrollere og indsætte afvisningsberedskabet ved risiko for krænkelser af det danske luftrum og støtte til fly i nød. Enheden er døgnbemandet og kan med en kombination af efterretninger og et sofistikeret radarnetværk, som dækker det danske ansvarsområde, detektere al flytrafik. Dette rapporteres til NAOC og videre til NATOs pendant Combined Air Operations Center (CAOC) Uedem, som har ansvaret for at overvåge den nordlige del af Europa.

Danmark er med i en aftale i Eurocontrol om Flexible Use of Airspace, som blandt andet dikterer et integreret samarbejde med den civile flyvesikringstjeneste NAVIAIR. Derfor har ACW ligeledes Eskadrille 515 integreret i den civilt militære kontrolcentral i Kastrup, så man på sikker vis kan afvikle både civil og militær flyvning hen over Danmark.

ACW råder over et stort netværk af radar, radiomaster og linksystemer i Danmark, som operatørerne i CRC Karup, bruger til at generere et  (RAP). CRC Karup er i direkte kontakt med de danske jagerfly, både via radio og link, så de hele tiden har et opdateret situationsbillede og kan agere ud fra de ordrer som NAOC udgiver.

Air Transport Wing
Air Transport Wing (ATW) ligger på Flyvestation Aalborg og har ansvaret for at vedligeholde og indsætte de danske C-130J Hercules og CL-604 Challenger, til både nationale og internationale opgaver. Begge flytyper kan løse et væld af opgaver og kan specielkonfigureres til den enkelte opgave.

De flyvende enheder hører til i Eskadrille 721.

Eksempel på opgaver for C130J Hercules nævnes:
 Transport af personel, materiel og brændstof
 Indsættelse af både udstyr og personel med faldskærm.
 Overvågning af sø- og land, herunder Search and Rescue
 Landing på svært til gengængelige steder, herunder ørken og i Arktis.
 Levering af nødhjælp til katastrofeområder

Eksempel på opgaver for CL-604 Challenger:
 Findes i en VIP-konfiguration til transport af Kongehuset og regeringen
 Overvågning af sø- og land, herunder Search and Rescue, ved brug af radar og kamera, som kan monteres til lejligheden.
 Indsættelse i det arktiske under kommando af Arktis kommando (AKO) til støtte  for fiskeriinspektion, eftersøgning- og redningsopgaver.
 Patienttransport over længere strækninger.
Eskadrille 690 er til støtte for de to flyvende enheder i forbindelse med:

  (MEDEVAC)
 Aeromedical Evacuation Control Center

Fighter Wing
Fighter Wing(FW) ligger på Flyvestation Skrydstrup og opstiller til dagligt de to eskadriller med F-16 jagerfly, eskadrille 727 og 730. FW har ansvaret for at vedligeholde og indsætte det danske afvisningsberedskab til både nationale og internationale opgaver. F-16 kampflyet kan både indsættes i offensive og defensive operationer, og kan opsættes specifikt til den enkelte opgave. På den måde kan flyet sættes op til mange forskellige opgaver, som kan støtte de nationale operationer, herunder:
 Afvisning af krænkelser på dansk territorium, inklusive over Bornholm.
 Patruljering af dansk territorium.
 Overvågning og støtte til enheder på jorden gennem avanceret brug af kamera og sensorer.
 Inspektion af fly i nød.

FW er ligeledes ved at klargøre til de nye 5.-generationsfly: F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, som skal afløse den aldrende F-16 flåde. F-35 skal fortsætte de ovenstående opgaver, man forventes også at kunne støtte ind på nye fronter, med sine avancerede sensorer og link-systemer.

Helicopter Wing
Helicopter Wing ligger på Flyvestation Karup og opstiller til dagligt de tre helikoptereskadriller 722, 723 og 724.

Eskadrille 722 råder over helikoptertypen EH101 Merlin til støtte for:
 Search and Rescue på både vand og land
 Transport af kritisk syge patienter imellem regionerne
 Taktisk troppetransport

Eskadrille 723 råder over den skibsbaserede helikoptertype Sikorsky MH-60R Seahawk til støtte for flådens skibe, herunder fregatklasserne Iver Huitfeldt og Absalon og Inspektionsskibsklassen Thetis, som alle har helikopterdæk og hangar. I samarbejde med flåden indsættes de til:
 Search and Rescue
 Transport af materiel og personel imellem skibe og fastlandet, samt til Siriuspatruljen
 Ved brug af sin avancerede radar og sensorer, at overvåge skibets ansvarsområde
 Ved brug af sonar, søge efter og jage ubåde

Eskadrille 724 råder den taktiske helikoptertype AS 550 Fennec. Til trods for sin lille størrelse, kan den anvendes til en stor opgaveportefølje:
 Indsættelse af specialstyrker, politiets indsatsstyrker og andre typer af specialenheder i forbindelse med terror- eller større politiaktioner.
 Overvågning af større begivenheder - den kan med sit avancerede kamera og link give politi og beredskab et overbliksbillede i realtid.
 Overvågning af større landområder til støtte for hærens enheder, herunder i forbindelse med forskydning i konvojer, sikring af en lejr eller lign.

Joint Movement and Transportation Organization
Joint Movement and Transportation Organization (JMTO) har hovedsæde på Karup Flyvestation. Herfra støttes alle enheder i ind og udland i forbindelse med transport af materiel og personel.

Operations Support Wing
Operations Support Wing (OSW) har hovedsæde på Karup Flyvestation. Enheden har en stor pallette af opgaver og kapaciteter til støtte for de nationale operationer:

 Air Mobile Protection and Recovery – i samarbejde med helikopterne
 Military Working Dog til patruljering, bombehunde i samarbejde med det øvrige forsvar, samt beredskabet og politiet.
 Forward Aeromedical Evacuation – i samarbejde med helikopterne
 Joint Datalink Operations Centre – er det koordinerende center for alle de taktiske links, som bliver brugt i forsvaret.
 Flyvevåbnets Fototjeneste.
 Elektronisk Krigsførelses- og Opdateringscenter
 Dansk Meteorologisk Institut
 Radiosonde
 Bevogtningstjenesten, som står for sikkerheden omkring de 3 flyvestationer i Danmark.

Derudover driver enheden de administrative fællesskaber for Flyvevåbnet.

Hjemmeværnet
Hjemmeværnet er militær beredskabsorganisation bestående af over 13.000 aktive frivillige og over 30.000 personer i reserven, som støtter andre myndigheder, primært Forsvaret og politiet. Operativt er hjemmeværnet forankret  i 2 landsdelsregioner; Øst og Vest adskilt af Storebælt, med hver 6 distrikter samt en regional føringsstruktur, og indgår i Forsvarets operative struktur med reference til Forsvarskommandoens Operationsstab

Hjemmeværnet har ikke et eget sektoransvar og støtter andre myndigheder under nationale operationer. I udgangspunktet løser Hjemmeværnet ikke driftsopgaver. Hjemmeværnets støtte ydes under frivillighedsprincippet i fredstid, men der er mødepligt for alle medlemmer under krig eller ekstraordinære forhold samt under katastrofealarm i fredstid. Hjemmeværnet  er styrkeopsættende og styrkeproducerende, men ikke styrkeindsættende. Hjemmeværnet kan indsættes med meget kort varsel og løse opgaver i ekstraordinære  situationer. Hjemmeværnet er opdelt i tre værn med følgende opgaver:

Hærhjemmeværnet:

 Bevogtning og sikring af udpegede objekter
 Overvågning
 Sneberedskab
 Miljøberedskab
 Støtte til politiet

Marinehjemmeværnet:

 Farvands- og havmiljøovervågning
 SAR beredskab
 Bekæmpelse af olieforurening
 Sejlads med politi og toldere fra Skat
 Bevogtning af flådefartøjer og flådestationer

Flyverhjemmeværnet:

 Bevogtning af fly og helikoptere
 Adgangskontrol til flyvestationer
 Sikringsopgaver på flyvestationer
 Bevogtning af civile lufthavne

I Aftale på Forsvarsområdet 2018-2023 står der, at partierne overordnet ønsker at styrke: Danmarks bidrag til NATO's kollektive afskrækkelse og forsvar; Forsvarets evne og kapacitet til internationale operationer og internationale stabiliseringsindsatser; Forsvarets bidrag til den nationale sikkerhed, fx i forbindelse med et terrorangreb i Danmark; Beskyttelsen af Danmark mod cyberangreb; Det statslige redningsberedskab.

Disse emner er i tråd teksten i NATO pagtens artikel 3 hvor der står: "In order more effectively to achieve the objectives of this Treaty, the Parties, separately and jointly, by means of continuous and effective self-help and mutual aid, will maintain and develop their individual and collective capacity to resist armed attack."

Emnerne er ydermere i tråd med, at stats- og regeringslederne på NATO topmødet i Warsawa 8.-9. juli 2016 blandt andet blev enige om følgende: "We, the Heads of State and Government of the North Atlantic Alliance, stand united in our resolve to maintain and further develop our individual and collective capacity to resist any form of armed attack".

Der er således på det politiske niveau en enighed om, at landene skal forpligte sig til at udvikle og vedligeholde disse evner. I Danmark er dette inden for forsvarsområdet eksempelvis kommet til udtryk ved, at der er oprettet en let infanteribataljon i Haderslev, der kan indsættes i Nationale Operationer. Denne bataljon kan indirekte understøtte de aftalte syv nedenstående krav, der er aftalt.

Beslutningstagen på regeringsniveau; Energiforsyning; Telekommunikation; Mad og vand; Massetransport; Håndtering af masseskader; Effektive transportsystemer.

Totalforsvaret i Norge, Sverige og Finland
Norge, Sverige og Finland havde ligesom Danmark ved afslutningen af den kolde krig alle robuste totalforsvar. Selv om der var forskelle ikke mindst betinget af geografisk placering og alliancetilhørsforhold - eller mangel på samme - var alle landes totalforsvar indrettet på en national overlevelseskamp i en krig med Warszawa-pagten. De fire nordiske landes totalforsvarskoncepter indebar en mobilisering af alle samfundets ressourcer med henblik på at sikre statens og samfundets overlevelse. Bortset fra Finland - som bibeholdt sin totalforsvarsmodel - refokuserede (Norge) eller afskaffede (Danmark, Sverige) de øvrige nordiske lande deres totalforsvar efter afslutningen af den kolde krig. Den russiske annektering af Krim satte imidlertid Danmark, Norge, Sverige og Finland i en ny situation og betød en revitalisering af  totalforsvarstankegangen i landene. I Finland søger man inden for givne økonomiske rammer at optimere sit totalforsvar, herunder ved at forbedre sine konventionelle styrker, så de også kan håndtere hybride situationer. I Sverige investeres der kraftigt i det militære forsvar og civilforsvaret, mens der tages initiativer til sikring af samfundets funktionsmåde under krig og krise.  I Norge omfatter totalforsvarsplanlægningen igen såvel territorialforsvar som håndtering af civile katastrofesituationer. Der investeres  i militære aktiver der primært har til formål at afskrække en mulig aggressor, mens Norge ikke ruster sig til et egentligt territorialforsvar. I hverken Norge eller Sverige har totalforsvaret nået en robusthed som kan sammenlignes med den, der fandtes under den kolde krig.

Se også
 Krige der involverer Danmark
 Den Nationale Operative Stab
 Arktisk Kommando

Referencer

Danmarks militær


He Who Laughs Last… Is On BBZ Rat Patrol!
The SPRO BBZ-1 Rat arrived on the market with the first model, size 50, in 2014. The cynics right away claimed, this is a plastic factory bait and will never have the knocking quality of a coveted hand-made jointed solid wood rat lure. With such certainty, they laughed claiming that the BBZ Rat is inferior!
Anyone who is familiar with the knock of a well-made jointed wood rat bait might initially agree… if your mind is closed. The problem with that thinking is two-fold; one they haven't been shown how a production model bait can overcome that hurdle, and two (most importantly) they haven't listened to what the fish have to say on the subject!
Unlike those early naysayers, the fish aren't laughing at this topwater bait. The BBZ Rat, now available in size 50, 40, and 30 is catching spectacular fish all across the planet. From personal bests, double hook ups, young and old, saltwater and freshwater, day or night, apparently there are no limits to the fish species that will eat this lure.
Keeping an open mind, and letting the fish decide what works best is a long-standing tenant of The Big Bass Zone.
Where can you find Tom Trainer? On Rat Patrol, that's where!
California Delta BBZ Rat Patrol Keeps Marching On!


A journalist for Al-Jazeera has been arrested on suspicion of being an agent of the Palestinian terror group Hamas. The journalist, Samer Allawi, Al-Jazeera's bureau chief in Afghanistan, is a Palestinian. He was apprehended by Israeli authorities as he attempted to leave the West Bank.
Meantime, Republican Rep. Ron Paul, a presidential candidate who has appeared on Al-Jazeera, has picked up the support of another foreign propaganda channel. In addition to getting major sympathetic coverage from Russia Today, which is funded by Moscow, the Texas congressman is getting rave reviews from Press TV, the channel funded by the Iranian regime. The latter has mostly to do with Paul's declarations during the Iowa debate that he would not object to Iran's pursuit of nuclear weapons. He also faulted the CIA for its alleged involvement in Iran in 1953 for bad relations with the current fanatical Islamic regime.
"We started it in 1953 when we sent in a coup, installed the shah, and the reaction—the blowback came in 1979. It's been going on and on because we just plain don't mind our own business. That's our problem," he said.
The detention of Allawi, a major development in the media wars over the future of the Middle East, is not the first time that Israel has detained journalists from the channel. During the 2006 war in Lebanon, several Al-Jazeera journalists working in Israel were apprehended and warned about providing military information to Hezbollah, another terrorist organization. The accusation was that Al-Jazeera journalists were reporting the specific location of Hezbollah rocket strikes on Israel, enabling the terrorists to more accurately aim their weapons. In total, Hezbollah rained an estimated 3,970 Katyusha rockets and longer range missiles on military and civilian targets in Israel. The rockets have no internal guidance system and needed to rely on spotters or media coverage of their strikes to increase their accuracy.
This kind of activity earned the channel a lawsuit, filed by the Israel Law Center in the U.S., accusing Al-Jazeera of facilitating the deaths of Israeli and American victims of the war. Judge Kimba Wood dismissed the suit, claiming that the victims had failed to show Al-Jazeera had the specific intention of aiding Hezbollah.
Since its inception, however, Al-Jazeera has functioned as a mouthpiece for terrorist organizations, including but not limited to al-Qaeda. Tayseer Alouni, the channel's Afghanistan correspondent during the 9/11 attacks, was apprehended by U.S. military authorities and turned over to Spain, his native country, where he was prosecuted, convicted, and jailed as an agent of al-Qaeda. Al-Jazeera defended him and paid his legal fees.
Similarly, the channel is defending Samer Allawi as an innocent victim of the Israelis who is being denied due process. So-called press freedom groups have either called for Allawi's immediate release or a detailed explanation from Israel of why he is being detained.
Al-Jazeera says that Allawi is refusing to cooperate with the authorities interrogating him.
Critics of Al-Jazeera have called upon Rep. Peter King, chairman of the House Homeland Security Committee, to hold hearings on Al-Jazeera's involvement with terrorist organizations and whether that activity qualifies the channel to be officially designated by the U.S. Government as a global terrorist entity that provokes violence against Americans and American interests.
Under such a designation, which has been applied to Al-Manar, an affiliate of Hezbollah, the channel could be banned from operating in the U.S. Al-Manar was labeled a global terrorist entity and banned from the U.S. in 2004.
Al-Manar is said to be the second most popular television channel in the West Bank and Gaza Strip after Al-Jazeera. Experts believe it to be financed by the government of Iran, which has also launched Press TV, a channel that, like Al-Jazeera, has production facilities in Washington, D.C.
Press TV contacted Accuracy in Media on Tuesday, looking for a guest for one of its programs to discuss why Republican Representative and presidential candidate Ron Paul is not getting more favorable attention from the U.S. media. Paul pleased the Iranian regime during the Iowa GOP debate by defending its pursuit of nuclear weapons.
AIM declined the invitation but considered the request as more evidence of how foreign propaganda channels, such as Russia Today and Press TV, have embraced the isolationist foreign policy views of the Texas congressman.
In a "Quick Facts" entry, Press TV highlighted Paul's views on Israel and the Middle East, noting that he opposed the raid to kill Osama bin-Laden and opposes U.S. aid to the Jewish state.


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Tourist who died while swimming off Runswick Bay 'did not get into trouble and drown'
The true value of Yorkshire Bank brand – Yorkshire Post letters
From: Michael Meadowcroft, Former Liberal MP, Leeds West.
By YP Letters
Thursday, 27th June 2019, 1:56 pm
YOUR articles in both the main paper and in the business supplement (The Yorkshire Post, June 20) on the demise of the Yorkshire Bank name sets out the sorry story of the consequences of the CYBG merger with Virgin Money.
Mark Casci: What the axing of the Yorkshire Bank brand means for the future of banking
When I raised the name issue and had an exchange of letters with David Duffy, the chairman of the CYGB board 12 months ago, his argument was that this had all been researched and it would be accepted by the vast majority of Yorkshire Bank customers.
I followed this up and eventually I had a very civil telephone conversation with a senior CYGB executive. She insisted that the name was not a significant issue with Yorkshire Bank customers and that, also, it was extremely expensive to promote two different names within the same organisation.
Whatever the research suggests, I remain unconvinced that Yorkshire Bank customers, in the county with the greatest loyalty of its residents, will willingly accept after the bank merger becoming customers of "Virgin Money".
It certainly does not appeal to me and my longstanding attachment to Yorkshire will end. I believe that the merger between CYGB and Virgin Money will prove to be commercially damaging, quite apart from being yet another example of the complete indifference of financial organisations to cultural identity and important considerations of heritage and history.
What else is there to cut?
From: Robert Holman, Farsley.
BEING a 94-year-old veteran unable to get on to a bus, my only pleasure is watching TV and having laughs at repeats of Porridge and seeing the beautiful countryside on Last of the Summer Wine.
Having stopped drinking and smoking, I have enough to pay my TV licence of £154.50 – even my telecare costs more at £156. So I don't moan, but my question is what's left to cut?
From: Elizabeth Hoyle, Guiseley.
HOW about raising the age of qualification for free licences to the age of 80? Those already over 75 could still receive free licences. These days 75 is not considered old and people are living so much longer. As a 73-year-old, I will be happy to wait until I reach 80. Incidentally, I think I have good value from my TV licence.
From: Sheila Smith, Dewsbury.
IN response to BBC boss Clare Sumner, I am 84 and my husband is 86. We just miss out on pension credit but were grateful for a free TV licence. What is she and the BBC going to do if all the 560,000 people who have signed the petition don't pay? Put us all in prison?
Build more prisons
From: Bob Watson, Baildon.
THE Prison Reform Trust says (The Yorkshire Post, June 24) that more people are being sent to prison in England and Wales every year than anywhere else in Europe, and that this is "shameful".
However, when one sees the sorts of sentences being handed down, the huge number of suspended sentences, and the insufficient terms (especially considering the length actually served), then many, I am sure, will totally disagree.
The Trust obviously consider that the number locked up should be considerably reduced, but I suspect that there will be a vast number who very much think the opposite. If prisons are indeed overcrowded, then build some more. There are too many miscreants allowed back onto our streets far too soon, and who really should be kept inside for much longer.
No to bikers in bus lanes
From: Philip Crowther, Bingley.
THE proposal of motorbikes to be allowed to use bus lanes, appears to me to be a misguided one. Queuing in traffic alongside an often empty bus lane, with an occasional bus passing unhindered, does make drivers wonder about their effectiveness.
However, also while standing in that queue, two-wheel road users can often be seen over- and undertaking their way to the front of the queue before accelerating away while ignoring road speed limits.
Should the two-wheelers be given access to bus lanes, I could see many treating them as a mini TT course and the sight of them attempting to pass a bus fills me with dread.
Managerial failings
From: Jarvis Browning, Fadmoor, York.
AFTER all these years when things should have been improved from flooding and transport, the know-it-alls are still not listening to the older generation that cleared drains and ran the transport.
This mismanagement comes from the top, not the workers on the ground who can't do anything differently because the management rules forbid them from doing otherwise. Yet the top managers get away with it nearly every time. Something goes wrong and they blame the resources, not themselves.
Follow Javid's example
From: Andrew Mercer, Guiseley.
BEFORE the Tory leadership hustings in Yorkshire next week, let's hope Boris Johnson and Jeremy Hunt follow Sajid Javid's example – and travel on one of the region's trains. They might then be better informed about why Northern Powerhouse Rail needs to take precedence over Crossrail 2.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The whole idea of community building is to create places where your prospective and current customers can congregate to chat with each other, offer advice, ask questions and advance their knowledge. Any marketing benefit is indirect.
This only works if the community is more valuable to its members than its sponsors.
No community can be successful — i.e. contribute to the growth of its sponsors — unless it's a fun and interesting place to hang out. Some of the businesses listed below have created communities so valuable that people actually pay just to be a member. Others have utilized social media, old-school message boards and live events to grow their communities and, as a result, their businesses.
It's extremely important to remember that a community is not a place to harvest leads. Rather, it's a place to share knowledge. The marketing benefit is so indirect, in fact, that it's difficult and discouraged to attempt to track conversions. If you aren't ready to invest in the good of the community, you aren't ready to invest in a community.
Here are five communities that have taken on a life of their own.
Moz has reinvented itself in the post-SEO era. After dropping the "SEO" from the company name and expanding their software to include tools for social media and brand reach, Moz has doubled down on community. First and foremost is their blog, which features daily posts by folks from their community. In fact, anyone can contribute to the YouMoz blog and the best posts are moved to the main blog.
The entire Moz site is a social network of sorts. Anyone can create a free account and profile, join the forums and watch their webinars. Users get more value by registering as a member. It's an excellent way to encourage those users to eventually do a free trial of Moz's software but even if they never do, they can enjoy all the benefits of the community.
One other very cool thing that Moz has done is gamify the community. Users earn points by completing their profile, commenting on the blog and contributing posts to the YouMoz blog.
Earn enough points and you can actually get free stuff, including a free Pro account (these start at $99 per month). After 200 points, you can remove the "nofollow" tag from one of the URLs in your profile. Pretty cool, right?
Copyblogger is an interesting study on community marketing. For years, their blog has featured a collection of dedicated and passionate writers eager to share their knowledge with the Copyblogger audience. The comments section of their posts often featured intelligent analysis of content marketing trends and actionable tips that any blogger could benefit from. (Comments have since been turned off.) Recently, however, Copyblogger has turned much of their focus to growing a vibrant membership-based community.
Communities don't require registration but for a fast-growing company like Copyblogger, this strategy makes a lot of sense. They use their membership site, My Copyblogger, to give registered users access to premium content like e-books. For a fee, users can get access to even more content, including webinars and a forum. It's not cheap ($248/year) and it's not even their main business (software products) but people are paying to be part of it. That's how good Copyblogger's content is.
The free membership is part of the marketing funnel that drives users to join the paid community (known as Authority), buy the products and attend live events.
Copyblogger has accomplished something truly admirable here. How many customers of a corporation like Coca-Cola would pay money to join a branded community? My guess is exactly ZERO. Well done, Copyblogger.
There are two kinds of people on the Internet: the greedy and the generous.
The greedy want you to pay for everything. Every link is an affiliate link. Every recommendation has a profit motive. The really good content is locked away until you fork over some money.
The generous want to give you everything free.
It never occurs to them that their time or expertise has value. They're kind, selfless, giving, and (too often) dirt poor.
But there's a third kind of person on the Internet. And yes, they belong to the Third Tribe you've been reading about.
This person understands that you can't be greedy and build a following. But you also can't just throw all your treasure to the wind. This is the person who understands the power of focused generosity.
Inbound.org, a community for inbound marketers, is funded by Hubspot while GrowthHackers.com, a community for data-minded marketers, is sponsored by Qualaroo. In each case, the sites are laid out like Reddit. Anyone can join, submit links and vote on other submissions. The idea is that the best and most interesting content is voted to the top. An algorithm keeps new content constantly moving up based on user interaction, and active discussions are the norm.
The reason that these communities are successful is because there is little to no sponsor influence. In each case, users have to navigate to the "About" section to find out who is paying for the software and the hosting needed to run the community. Each has a set of guidelines for users (Inbound.org and GrowthHackers.com) that emphasizes the focus on creating value for the community and avoiding self-promotion. They both put the community first and reap the benefits as a marketing tool indirectly.
This is not the most obvious example of community building but it's exactly what Buffer is doing with their Open blog. It's not a forum and it doesn't require any registration but it's got everyone talking about Buffer. Others startups have followed suit, creating a slow-but-steady transparency movement in the startup world.
Buffer's marketing is based entirely on culture. Founders Leo Wildrich and Joel Gascoigne are committed to 1) transparency 2) building a remote team and 3) interacting with customers. They've built a culture which they can blog about, use as a tool for hiring new employees and connect them with other startups. Let's take a closer look at their indirect marketing approach.
On the Buffer Open blog, the company publishes everything from employee salaries to revenue and blog metrics. Startup entrepreneurs could get lost in the wealth of information here.
Take a look at the comments in some of the recent blog posts. In every post, Buffer's content creators, customer support team and even the CEO are responding to reader comments and offering suggestions to aspiring entrepreneurs.
Remember that Buffer makes money with its social media tools, not consulting with other startups. So why do they even bother spending valuable time and resources creating a realtime revenue dashboard and blogging about how much they pay their employees?
Because people really care about this stuff. They come back to read every post, subscribe to the newsletter and blog about what they learned. They talk about Buffer on social media and interact directly with Buffer employees on Twitter and Google+. The connection is genuine. It's a community that's open to anyone and that provides great value to the right audience. Even though it's indirect, it drives a lot of traffic to Buffer's website and exposes a lot of people to their products.
A community based around content is extremely different than a forum or membership site but as Buffer is proving, it's extremely powerful.
Ready to build a community of your own? Here are a few tips to help get you started.
Start small. You don't need to build a forum or create a gamified social network to start building a community. Start by engaging with people who leave comments on your site and respond to questions via Twitter and Facebook. Use social media to poll your followers about what types of content and topics they would like to see. In short, have conversations with people whenever you can. You'll learn a lot, draw attention to your business and lay the foundation of a bigger and more powerful community later on.
Media, not marketing. I stole this from Brian Clark who uses the phrase to describe the philosophy of Copyblogger's new Rainmaker platform. It means that you should use the web to create your narrative. Your blog to tell stories, educate and share. It's not a place for marketing or selling. "Media, not marketing" means putting the community first.
Be inclusive. Copyblogger can charge people to be part of their community because they have spent years creating content that people can't get enough of. Moz can require users to register to gain the full benefits of their community because they've spent 10 years building some of the best marketing software in the world. You probably don't have those luxuries yet, so it's best to take the Buffer approach in the beginning. Build community in blog comments, social networks and webinars. Don't require registration at first. Allow people to peek inside, poke around and see if your content and growing community is valuable enough for them to invest their time in.
Read The Truly Monumental Guide to Building Online Communities.
What communities do you belong to that really add value to your life? Let us know in the comments.


In my search for bathroom color schemes for our remodel I found this very unique look. Of course we have all seen grey bathroom tiles used in the past few years, mostly in marble and sometimes in a more contemporary wood grains. I loved this unique twist on the look by pairing the very cool colored tile against ultra warm wood as an accent color. Most people are too scared to combine these two undertones, but I actually love the look. I think that it is a great twist on the popular bathroom colors 2019, and presents a way to make something different while still staying trendy. I definitely want to recreate a look like this in, not only our master bath, but in other main living areas of our home like the kitchen.
Whenever I am trying to decide on bathroom color schemes for a new design project, I like to first pick out the tile. I often find that my designs are inspired by particular bathroom wall tiles that I have seen at the store or in a catalogue, and that the rest of the decor follows once I pick them. Some designers draw their inspiration from a particular piece of artwork, textile, or paint chip -- but for me it is usually all about the tiling. In this particular space, the blue grey honeycomb accent tile is the piece that really anchored the rest of the design. I love the mixture of charcoal grey and a classic wedge wood blue in the shade, and the glass gives it so much depth.
In general, I am turned off by warm bathroom color schemes with a lot of beiges and ivory shades because I prefer a cooler and crisper look. However, I really love the bathroom ideas in this room because it incorporates both cool tones throughout the marble as well as warm tones in the paint color and wood. Ordinarily, I would pair a nice dove grey or pure white against marble tile like this but I actually really like the contrast between the tan wall paint and the crispness of the white and grey marbling. Not only that, but I think that the rich cherry wood actually pairs quite nicely with both the tile and the paint and makes it look very elegant.
I love bathroom color schemes like this that have a bold color on the walls to offset the white panelling and marble tile. A lot of photos that I see and articles that I read say that whites and light grays are the best bathroom paint colors, but I actually have to disagree because I think that when you use those shades, everything blends together and there is no real delineation between each decorative feature. Beautiful white panelling and trim does not pop as much as it could if you have a wall color that blends right into it, and marbling looks so much more impressive and luxurious against a rich shade like this tan. I especially love how they paired the a warm shade of metal with all of the cool tones, because you rarely see a gold bathroom faucet paired with a look like this.
I am very into monochromatic bathroom color schemes especially with a lot of grey and white. I think that white and grey bathroom ideas look very clean (both decoratively and physically) and can be paired with both modern style homes as well as the more traditional. The thing that I particularly like about this space is that the designer limited the colors to only two (white and grey) but added so much texture and pattern in those shades that there is a ton of visual interest throughout the space. There are about 4 different types of tile as well as a contrasting countertop, beautiful wood vanity, and a lot of chrome accents. I definitely love how this combination of modern bathroom colors created a very eclectic space, yet it remains serene because of the limited shades used.
I know you have probably seen so many white and grey bathroom color schemes on here, but I just have to share one more. I was so happy with how our master turned out that I wanted to share photos to inspire others and help provide direction for anybody looking around for small bathroom color schemes (like I was just a few months ago). We went through countless paint swatches trying to settle on the right shade for the room (Benjamin Moore Owl Grey by the way), but we couldn't figure out what would give the space enough design without overwhelming the small floor plan. Both my husband and I knew that we wanted a contemporary look, and gray bathroom paint seemed to be the right choice to achieve this.


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Rachel Shalev
CLE Workshops & More
Supreme Court Review: The Virtual 2020-2021 Term
Rachel represents clients in high-stakes, complex litigation. She has argued appeals in the Fifth and Ninth Circuits and has been the lead drafter of briefs and dispositive motions in state courts, federal district courts, federal courts of appeals, and the U.S. Supreme Court. Rachel's experience litigating and advising clients covers a wide range of substantive areas. She focuses in particular on tough questions of constitutional law, administrative law, and statutory interpretation. Rachel maintains an active pro bono practice in the areas of immigrant and women's rights. Prior to joining Orrick, Rachel served as a law clerk to Supreme Court Justice Stephen G. Breyer, Judge Cornelia T.L. Pillard of the D.C. Circuit, and Judge William A. Fletcher of the Ninth Circuit. Rachel received her J.D. from Yale Law School, where she served as a student director of the Supreme Court Advocacy Clinic and as Essays Editor of the Yale Law Journal. She graduated from Williams College and received master's degrees from University College London and University of St. Andrews, both of which she attended as a Marshall Scholar.


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Review: The article studies the procedure of imposition of administrative responsibility for the breach of obligations in family relations. The research object is family and administrative relations begotten by the breach of obligations by family members. Administrative responsibility in family relations is aimed at legal protection of rights and legal interests of family members and other relatives and persons in cases and within the limits specified by the legislation of the Russian Federation. The author uses general scientific and specific research methods. The comparative-legal method is used to analyze the new and the old rules. The formal-legal method is also used. The author concludes that the Administrative Offences Code of the Russian Federation contains very few compositions connected with family relations. The author believes it is necessary to include the fact of improper parenting into the circumstance in proof in administrative proceedings involving juveniles. It must be noted that administrative responsibility in family relations hasn't been studied properly so far, the author uses the materials of the only currently existing thesis research.
Poslanie Prezidenta Federal'nomu Sobraniyu ot 1 dekabrya 2016 g. // Rossiyskaya gazeta.-2016.-2 dek.
Ravnyushkin A.V. Administrativno-pravovye sredstva preduprezhdeniya i presecheniya organami vnutrennikh del pravonarusheniy v sfere semeyno-bytovykh otnosheniy: dis. … kand. yurid. nauk. / Ravnyushkin Aleksandr Viktorovich.-M., 2015.-244 s.
Semeynyy kodeks RF: federal'nyy zakon ot 29.12.1995 № 223-FZ (red. ot 28.03.2017) // Sobranie zakonodatel'stva RF.-1996.-№1.-St. 16.
Russkiy orfograficheskiy slovar' / Rossiyskaya akademiya nauk. In-t rus. yaz. im. V. V. Vinogradova / Otv. red. V.V. Lopatin.-M.: Azbukovnik, 1999.
Kodeks Rossiyskoy Federatsii ob administrativnykh pravonarusheniyakh: federal'nyy zakon ot 30.12.2005 №195-FZ (red. ot 29.07.2017) // Sobranie zakonodatel'stva RF.-2002.-№1.-St. 1.
Review: The research subject is the set of provisions of the legislation of China regulating the relations in the sphere of government control of on-exchange trading. Since the control of on-exchange trading mainly consists in the control of the creation of various exchanges, the author considers the types of Chinese entities, which have the right to organize on-exchange trading, and their features. For this purpose, the author analyzes the laws of China and subordinate statutory acts connected with the creation of exchanges and trading platforms. To study the legislation of China, the author uses comparative-legal, descriptive and formal-legal research methods, analysis and synthesis. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the systematization of subjects, which have the right to organize on-exchange trading in China. The author describes the characteristic features of stock and futures exchange and trading platforms. Based on the analysis of the Chinese legislation, the author defines the significant criteria for the creation of the system of government control of on-exchange trading. The author formulates the directions of the legislation improvement.
曾科. 我国现货电子交易市场法律规制研究 (Tszen Ke Issledovanie pravovogo regulirovanie spotovykh elektronnykh torgov v Kitae). 硕士论文. 西南政法大学., 2015. – 41 页.
国务院关于清理整顿各类交易场所切实防范金融风险的决定 (Reshenie Gosudarstvennogo soveta KNR «Ob ochishchenii i ispravlenii vsekh vidov torgovykh ploshchadok i effektivnoy zashchite ot finansovykh riskov» ot 24.11.2011) [elektronnyy resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2011-11/24/content_2002092.htm (data obrashcheniya: 13.07.2017).
Reshenie Arbitrazhnogo suda g. Moskvy po delu № A40-3903/17-55-23 ot 21.06.2017 [elektronnyy resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://kad.arbitr.ru (data obrashcheniya: 23.08.2017).
Review: The research subject is the provision of rights of indigenous people by local governments in Japan. The author analyzes the legal mechanism of ensuring the rights of the Ainu people. The article considers such aspects of the problem as the formalization of the legal status of the Ainu people, the peculiarities of local governments in Japan, their functions and competences. The author gives attention to the interaction between social organizations and local governments in the sphere of ensuring the rights of the Ainu people. The author studies the peculiarities of provision of their rights in different regions of Japan. To acquire reliable scientific results, the author uses the set of general scientific methods (system-structural, formal-logical and hermeneutic) and specific legal methods (historical-legal, comparative-legal and formal-legal). Local governments play the key role in ensuring the rights of the people of Ainu in Japan. In the result of the local government reform and decentralization of the authority, local governments in Japan have a wide scope of competence in local issues, including almost all spheres of life of individuals and communities. Therefore, local governments are directly in charge of ensuring the rights of the Ainu people in the spheres of education, culture, social security and employment. Therefore, the legal mechanism of ensuring the rights of the Ainu in Japan is decentralized and local. Local governments implement local initiatives of social organizations of the Ainu taking into account social situation in the regions.
Promotion of Ainu Culture // Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. Hokkaido Bureau : ofitsial'nyy sayt. [Elektronnyy resurs]. - Rezhim dostupa: https://www.mlit.go.jp/hkb/ainu_e.html (data obrashcheniya - 22.08.2017).
Consideration of reports submitted by states parties under Article 40 of the Covenant (continued). Third periodic report of Japan. Human Rights Committee, Summary Record of the 1277th meeting, Forty-ninth session // The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights: ofitsial'nyy sayt. [Elektronnyy resurs]. - Rezhim dostupa: docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx (data obrashcheniya - 22.08.2017).
Ito M. Diet officially declares Ainu indigenous / M. Ito // The Japan Times : ofitsial'nyy sayt. [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2008/06/07/national/diet-officially-declares-ainu-indigenous/#.WVoq2oh_ox8 (data obrashcheniya – 03.07.2017).
Review: The research subject is the nature of legal relations in the sphere of government control of creation, launching and use of information systems. The author classifies legal relations as those related to the creation of state information systems (creation, launching, use, support, development, decommission) and connected with their use (delivery of information, access to information, use of state information systems), and those connected with the ownership right to state information systems and their components. The author analyzes the object, subject composition and the content of such legal relations. To characterize each group, the author uses the method of generalization. The author concludes that the relations, connected with the creation of state information systems, are of administrative-legal nature. At the same time, the relations if the field of their use are connected with the information inside the information system, and therefore can be classified as information legal relations. The author's classification and conclusions are fundamentally important for information and administrative law.
Alekseev S.S. Obshchaya teoriya prava. M., Yurid. lit., 1982. T.2. 360 s.
Morozova L.A. Teoriya gosudarstva i prava: uchebnik. 5-e izd. M., Norma, INFRA-M, 2014. 464 s.
Matuzov N.I., Mal'ko A.V. Teoriya gosudarstva i prava: uchebnik. 4-e izd. M., Izdatel'skiy dom «Delo» RANKhiGS, 2016. 528 s.
Tolstoy Yu.K. K teorii pravootnosheniya. Leningrad, Iz-vo Leningradskogo Un-ta. 1959. 88 s.
Teoriya gosudarstva i prava: kurs lektsiy / pod red. N.I. Matuzova i A.V. Mal'ko. M., Yurist, 2001. 776 s.
Informatsionnoe pravo: uchebnik dlya bakalavrov / otv. red. I. M. Rassolov. M., Prospekt, 2013. 352 s.
Informatsionnoe pravo. Kopylov V.A. 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. M., Yurist', 2002. 512 s.
Gorodov O. A.Informatsionnoe pravo: uchebnik. M., TK Velbi, Izd-vo Prospekt, 2008. 248 s.
Vengerov A.B. Pravo i informatsiya v usloviyakh avtomatizatsii upravleniya. Teoreticheskie problemy: avtoreferat diss. … dokt. yurid. nauk. M., 1975. 26 s.
Ogorodov D.V. Pravovoe regulirovanie otnosheniy v informatsionnoy sfere: avtoreferat diss. ... kand.
Review: The research subject is the practice of engagement of specialists by a prosecutor during verification of performance of a law, which is gaining new features in the current context. The author analyzes a wide range of secondary and primary sources reflecting the emergence and development of such a practice during the Soviet and the post-Soviet periods; the article considers the practice and the dynamics of legal regulation during the last 35 years since formation. The author studies scientific approaches to the issue under study. The author uses various research methods including the comparative-legal method in terms of the historically changing tendencies of legal regulation. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the fact that the author studies the practice of engagement of specialists for prosecutor's supervision, which has existed for a comparatively long period of time since its formalization in 1979 till the changes of 2017. The author concludes that this problem hasn't been studied sufficiently enough during the post-Soviet period, therefore it should be considered in detail.
SZ RF. – 2017. – № 11. – St. 1536.
SZ RF. – 2015. – № 9. – St. 1389.
SZ RF. – 1995. – № 47. – St. 4472 (s posl. izm.).
Berenzon A.D., Gudkovich Yu.D. Prokurorskiy nadzor za ispolneni-em zakonov organami vnevedomstvennogo kontrolya i vzaimodeystvie pro-kurorov s nimi pri osushchestvlenii obshchego nadzora. – M.: Yurid. lit., 1976. – 232 s.
Berenzon A.D. Osnovnye napravleniya sovershenstvovaniya obshchego nadzora sovetskoy prokuratury: dis … d-ra yurid. nauk: 12.00.02. – M., 1977.
Nikolaeva L.A. Obshchiy nadzor v sovetskom gosudarstvennom uprav-lenii: ucheb. posobie. – L.: Izd-vo Leningradskogo universiteta, 1979. – 104 s.
Vedomosti VS SSSR. – 1979. – № 49. – St. 843 (s posl. izm.).
Kommentariy k Zakonu o prokurature SSSR / pod red. A.M. Rekun-kova. – M.: Yurid. lit., 1984. – 224 s.


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Q: How do I show only the print area in Excel and grey out the rest? I'm trying to replicate an Excel spreadsheet that someone sent me and I can't figure out how. The print area is set, and all cells outside the print area are greyed out. The cells aren't simply shaded, because Excel says they have no fill, and they aren't hidden/locked/protected because I can still edit them just like normal cells. The only difference is that they're greyed out and the print area has a thick blue border around it. This spreadsheet doesn't have any macros, either.
What feature of Excel is this using?

A: It is called "page break view" in excel. You can go to view menu on the ribbon and select one of the three options....

*

*Normal view

*Page layout view

*Page break view.

Select page break view and u will have the thick blue border with other cells grayed out as u mentioned.

A: Another way of looking at this question is whether they are looking at greyed out hidden cells in a worksheet.  You can do this in Excel 2013 by going File \ Options \ Office Theme.  You can only choose light or dark grey though.

A: Under the View tab of the Ribbon, "Page Layout" (second button from the left).

A: You should also use the "background image" functionality and then give a colour (possibly just all white) to the cells within the print area

A: Looks like the cells have been hidden, to do this select the column from where you want the grey to start, then hit control, shift and the right arrow, then right click and hit 'hide' Ta da!!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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St. Mary's County
SoMD Government
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When News Matters, It Matters Where You Get Your News.
Blue Crabs Re-Sign Manager Stan Cliburn For 2020 Season
by David M. Higgins II, Publisher/Editor December 13, 2019 December 12, 2019
News Release, Southern Maryland Blue Crabs
Waldorf, MD – The Southern Maryland Blue Crabs announced their re-signing of manager Stan Cliburn for the 2020 season on Wednesday afternoon. Cliburn will return in 2020 for his second straight season in Southern Maryland, and his third overall.
The MLB veteran has been dominating the game of baseball for nearly 50 years and has been surrounded by great baseball minds throughout his career. From playing with Joe Maddon in the minor leagues to winning Eastern League Manager of the Year honors in Double-A to picking up his 1,700th career managerial win in 2019, success and baseball excellence have followed Stan from day one.
The skipper is a compelling character with a knack for creating clubhouse chemistry and 2019 is a perfect example of that. While the team got off to a disappointing start, Cliburn rallied the troops for a fantastic finish to the season, compiling a top three record in the league from early June through mid-August. With a clean slate for 2020 and a fantastic foundation to work from, Cliburn's return has the makings of creating a serious contender in Southern Maryland.
"I am very excited to be coming back for the 2020 season and to continue the momentum we had during the second-half playoff push. Between hosting the All-Star Game and bringing back the nucleus of our key players, 2020 will be a special season", Cliburn said.
About the Southern Maryland Blue Crabs – The Blue Crabs play 126 regular-season games in the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball Clubs. The Blue Crabs, set to kick off their 13th season of baseball, call Regency Furniture Stadium in Waldorf, Maryland home.
For more information on the Blue Crabs, please call 301-638-9788 or visit http://www.somdbluecrabs.com for more information.
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David M. Higgins was born in Baltimore and grew up in Southern Maryland. He has had a passion for journalism since high school. After spending many years in the Hospitality Industry he began working in...	More by David M. Higgins II, Publisher/Editor
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text:
Home Educational News First of its kind in India, Fortis Hospitals in collaboration with Philips...
First of its kind in India, Fortis Hospitals in collaboration with Philips India launches an exclusive echocardiography training centre
Bengaluru: Fortis Hospital, Bengaluru in collaboration with Philips India today launched an echocardiography training centre, focused to help doctors learn more about echocardiography.
After ECG, ultrasound based echocardiography is the second most widely used test for investigating heart diseases. With increasing incidents of heart diseases in India, echocardiography as an easily available and affordable test needs to be better utilized in various patient scenarios. Physicians are in need of such trainings to better manage their patients and to also upgrade their skills in the latest methods of TBC.
Fortis Hospitals through F.A.M.E (Fortis Academy of Medical Education) has always been at the forefront when it comes to academics and education. The echocardiography training centre, which focuses on cardiology and diagnostics is a demonstration of Fortis and Philips' commitment to upskill the healthcare professionals.
This specialized learning and training centre co-supported by Philips India, is the first of its kind in India as a hospital-industry partnership. The collaborative venture has a training programme in echocardiography which is related to non-invasive cardiology, an area predominantly focusing on the various investigations done for patients who have suspected or known cardiac diseases.
Dr. Satish Govind, Chief of Non-Invasive Cardiology, Fortis hospitals, Bengaluru said, "This unique training centre at Fortis hospitals, Bengaluru is fully equipped with facilities that will cater to doctors, both, nationally and internationally. The centre named as ELITE (echo learning and training education centre) will focus on basic echo for the beginners or the not so-skilled practitioners and advanced echo for professionals who may want to upgrade their skills with the latest technology and learn additional echocardiography related specialized procedures. Reputed and experienced faculty who will personally supervise the training, will further enhance the experience of the attendees. Training in small groups with actual equipment, as also simulators and laptop aids will be done year-round, with plans to incorporate live video teaching from overseas international faculty later in the year. The well-designed interactive training modules will be short and intense with emphasis on practical aspects, which ultimately should lead to better patient care."
Commenting on the partnership, a Philips India's spokesperson commented, "Philips has been revolutionizing pathways to address health issues through innovative products and solutions. The launch of echocardiography training centre in partnership with Fortis Hospitals, will be a milestone in imparting clinical education in diagnoses of cardiovascular diseases in India. This state-of-the art centre further drives us to work towards our mission of delivering on personalized and accessible cardiovascular care."
Fortis Hospital
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How Cryptocurrencies Became So Popular
By TheCork.ie on 3rd August, 2020 Comments Off on How Cryptocurrencies Became So Popular
By Roger Jones
roger@TheCork.ie
Cryptocurrencies have been on a steady rise in the public conscience for a good decade; private use, and interest since they first erupted in the market, but how did they become so popular?
Every age in human development has had a new form of currency; people have bartered with cattle, used shells, metal, banknotes; and now… cryptocurrency. This digital coin could very well become the most used form of currency in the near future. A change in currency is a reflection of the times, it's human evolution manifested in money.
What Does An Increased Used Of Crypto's Mean For The Future?
A move to digital transactions
Super secure money moving
Disruption of the status quo
More inclusion in markets
Diversification of investments
These are all results of a society that's rapidly moving towards technology and making their lives easier.
It's also a step towards gaining a more level playing field for people who were usually left out of Wall Street and can now invest at home from a laptop, with less money.
But How exactly Did Those Cryptocurrencies Become So Popular
Taking Over The Internet
That's where they were born and where they found success, the spreading of information and rumours about cryptocurrencies, what they did, and could do became the fuel that fed the phenomenon.
It has all the ingredients to go viral once you look at it; mystery, the possibility of richness and technology, so people ate it up.
A lot still don't even understand what it does actually but they can appreciate its value and covet to be part of it.
Information about cryptos grew online until it became a phenomenon outside of chat rooms and tech spheres.
Much Safer Ways To Move Money
Every transaction made with these coins uses cryptography and that makes it impossible to counterfeit, double send or lose.
It gives the user more confidence when making or receiving payments.
Using cryptocurrencies can protect your identity as well, a function that has been discussed in many debates, but is very appreciated by those that need obscurity.
Also, the transactions or deals made in cryptos do not require physical meetings, offering an extra layer of protection.
It Helps Democratise Markets
A fundamental reason why cryptocurrencies became so popular, they were made available to anyone.
You just need to have a good eye for where to invest, and you are in; there are no secret clubs or deals.
Following the nature of the internet, its originator, cryptos include all and offer an opportunity for the smart and a few lucky ones.
Crypto Investment has become Fun
One of the most significant differences between other investments and cryptocurrencies is that you can have fun while doing it.
Entrepreneurs have created games and crypto casino where you can pay using bitcoin instead of credit cards.
Having this diversity and enjoyments be part of the business has taken crypto's to new heights, reaching millions.
Why go for an old school approach when this financial transaction allows you so much more!
People Can See Their Interests Reflected
A lot of cryptocurrencies follow a path created by a passion.
Founders of crypto's wish to use the coins to solve a problem or create something new and the market sees and supports that goal, or turns away from it.
While there are thousands of currencies out there in the market, most don't hold any real value, the ones that do have the most interesting stories behind them.
The success of a coin is intrinsically tied to what it does or wants to do.
A cryptocurrency that has a real-world effect creates interest, demand, and value.
Or you can play it safe with the usual suspects like Bitcoin or Ethereum.
It Made It Into Popular Culture
Once crypto stepped out of the internet and onto TV and Film it officially began its dramatic rise in popularity.
Nothing is quite as convincing to markets as seeing something make it to an entertainment platform.
It was portrayed as the coin of the future, and usually highlighted all of its benefits: quick, transparent, safe, made for people on the move.
Of course Hollywood made it more glamorous than the reality is, but spending hours researching trade doesn't seem like movie material.
The bottom line is; cryptocurrencies are a reflection of current times and have also become a glimpse into the future of finances.
Their popularity doesn't seem to stop as it keeps reinventing and evolving along with the uses people give them.
How Cryptocurrencies Became So Popular added by TheCork.ie on 3rd August, 2020


But Prettier doesn't do all languages. Notably HTML. It's great at JSX, and I've gotten really used to enjoying that. But then when I switch to a Rails .erb template or a WordPress site where I'm editing a .php file, or even a plain ol' .html file... no Prettier.
They have a development branch for it, but I haven't tried that yet. For now, I was compelled to try an HTML prettification tool that's been out in the wild and through the ringer. The VS Code plugin Beautify does it and has 6.5 million installs, so that seemed like a good bet.
By using this plugin, that means you can configure it, rather than use VS Code's internal version of it which is apparently non-configurable.
The first time I tried this, I found that it made my Prettier stop working. That was unacceptable to me as I want Prettier to be the top priority formatter. I'm not sure if it was running both of them but placing Prettier last, if it was running Beautify on its own instead, or exactly what, but I couldn't figure it out at the time.
Now I can have Prettier doing all the languages it does, and fall back to Beautify for the HTML stuff that Prettier doesn't do yet. So far so good.
In an earlier blog post they also talked about the browser based version. So you can put it into Codepen. That seems like an amazing feature.
Thank you! I literally just had this issue a couple of weeks ago!
The problem with "You press save and code is formatted" is, that third-party code (namely code from some ignorant co-workers ) would not be beauty when viewing it.


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Browse by Author Drews, Tom
Sort by: title issue date submit date Series Issue Number In order: Ascending Descending Results/Page 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 Authors/Record: All 1 // do this for all other cases than the first and the current // do this for all other cases than the first and the current 5 // do this for all other cases than the first and the current 10 // do this for all other cases than the first and the current 15 // do this for all other cases than the first and the current 20 // do this for all other cases than the first and the current 25 // do this for all other cases than the first and the current 30 // do this for all other cases than the first and the current 35 // do this for all other cases than the first and the current 40 // do this for all other cases than the first and the current 45 // do this for all other cases than the first and the current 50
2013 Ecological analysis of manufacturing systems focusing on the identification of variety-induced non value adding emissions Steinhilper, Rolf; Kruse, Andreas; Drews, Tom -


text:
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Answers to Frequently
What makes Examine.com Research Digest different from other sources of nutrition research?
Most nutrition research comes with an inherent bias. Studies are often backed by supplement companies with a vested interest to arrive at a conclusion substantiating their claims. All of this is done with one purpose in mind - to make you spend your money on pills and powders which may not work.
Other companies that don't do research themselves just cherry pick studies that make their products look good. Often time these are studies performed on rats and in petri-dishes - not in actual humans!
As Examine.com is an independent company that does not sell any supplements, we do not cherrypick. We are not trying to sell you supplements. We are 100% neutral and conduct all of our research independently, allowing us to come to our own conclusions regarding the validity of which supplements work.
Is the Examine.com Research Digest only for fitness professionals, nutritionists, trainers and medical researchers?
Not at all. If you are serious about the latest research in nutrition (and understand what it means for you), then the Examine.com Research Digest is perfect for you.
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How is ERD different from your website?
Examine.com is the leading resource on supplement information, but it does not break down individual nutritional or supplemental studies.
ERD is for professionals and enthusiasts that want to know what the latest research is showing, and want to know how they can apply it to their customers and themselves. It provides an expert breakdown you will not find on Examine.com itself.
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