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How to get to Macedonia
Transport in Macedonia
Rent a Car in Macedonia
Map of Macedonia
Embassies and Consulates in Macedonia
Ecotourism in Macedonia
Casinos in Macedonia
Hiking in Macedonia
Bike Tours in Macedonia
Towns in Macedonia
National Parks in Macedonia
Macedonian mountains
Mosques and Islamic architecture
Macedonia Photo Album
Macedonian Folk Dances
Macedonia Travel Blog
Alexander the Great – History of Macedonia
Alexander the Great (Alexander III of Macedon, Alexander of Macedon, Александар Македонски) (Pella, 356 BC. – Babylon, 13 VI 323 BC.) was Macedonian emperor (336-323 BC) from the Argead dynasty, son of Philip II the Macedon and Olympias of Epirus.
Romans gave him the nickname of "Magnus" – "The great conquer of the world."
He was educated in the spirit of Macedonian aristocratic tradition, at 13-years he is tutored by the philosopher Aristotle.
His education encompassed poetry, astronomy, geometry, rhetoric, gymnastic exercises, horse riding and hunting.
At 16-years, his father Philip entrusts him the management of Macedonia (340) while he is on campaign against Byzantion. His first military expedition was against Thracian Maedi (tribe from the upper course of the river Strymon), where he won his first victory and here he founded the city of Alexandropolis.
18 years old, he participates in the famous "Battle of Chaeronea" (338) and, together with his father, Philip they outperformed the Allied Hellenes.
After the murder of Philip (336) Macedonian Assembly proclaimed him ruler of Macedonia. First military action was aimed at Hellenic policies that were trying to overthrow the Macedonian government and force them to comply with Corinthian agreement, under which he inherited the title of "Hegemon of Helens".
In the campaign in 335 BC, he defeats the Triballians and their allies Getae tribe, then the Illyrian tribes, and from Illyrian territory goes down to Hellada where again erupts anti Macedonian uprising (inspired by Demosthenes) with hotspot in Thebes. He defeats the Thebans, and Athens accepts the offered peace agreement.
In 334 BC Alexander the Great starts a campaign against Persia with 40,000 troops and 1,600 ships. In Asia Minor he enters through Hellespont and first military clash with the Persian army occurs on river Granicus "Battle of Granicus" (334). Victory paves the way for further breakthrough, he accepts the surrender of Persian provincial capital Sardis and proceeds along the Ionian coast. In the city of Ephesus, he was greeted as a liberator from Persian oppression, and only the cities single Millet and Halicarnassus have resisted (334).
Alexander III of Macedon in battle with the Persians (relief)
After these conquests he divides the army in two parts: one part, headed by Parmenion goes to winter at Sardis, and the other goes on an expedition through Curry, Lycia and Pamphylia winning all cities and fortresses.
In 333 BC the whole army gathers in Gordium, capital of the Phrygian kings (Gordius and Midas), where, according to the legend, Alexander cuts with sword the unsolvable Gordian Knot, thus fulfilling the prophecy that he will enslave Asia.
In the conquered territories he usually retains the existing administrative system: the satrapies as basic administrative units with the satraps, mostly Persians, which have the civilian and military government, while financial authorities were Macedonians and Macedonian army controls the captured territory.
The first battle with the Great Emperor Darius III occurs in Issus (333), where Alexander's army won, and Darius escapes from the battlefield. In Phoenicia he conquers the fortified cities of Tyre and Gaza. In Egypt he was greeted as a liberator and proclaimed pharaoh; In Memphis Egyptian priests gave him the double crown of the Egyptian pharaohs; On the River Neil on (331 BC) he forms the city Alexandria (he draws the city territory with barley flour (according to ancient Macedonian custom).
Through Syria he enters in Northern Mesopotamia; where at Gaugamela (331) he won a victory over the great Persian army and proclaims himself king of Asia and as emperor enters the ancient city of Babylon, a major center of the Persian Empire. He captures the second Persian capital Susa, and then the city of Ecbatana.
The hunt after the Persian emperor ends at Hekantopil, where he finds the dead body of Darius III Kodoman killed by the Persian satrap Bes.
Darius III is buried with imperial honor, and Alexander the new Persian king, continues north toward Hirkanija and Party, areas south of the Caspian Sea.
From 330 to 327 BC he resides in Bactria and Sogdiana. In Bactria (327) he maries with one of the most beautiful women, the Iranian Roxana, which, after his death, gave birth to his son Alexander IV.
At the Campaign in India on Hydaspes River he commands the last great battle against the King of Punjab – Por (326). After the victory, to his kingdom he acquires and the countries beyond the Indus. On the place of victory he forms the town of Nike (Victory), and nearby he builds the town Bucephalus (in memory of his famous horse Bucephalus).
On the banks of the river Hifast, he raises twelve altars of the gods and pillar that read:
"Here stood Alexander"
Map of the conquests of Alexander III of Macedon
On return on the bank of Indus, he forms New Alexandria (one of the 17 Alexandria). On the coast of the Indian Ocean Alexander's army is divided into two parts, one part, under the leadership of Alexander is moving by land, while the other, led by Nearchos sails 80 days.
In 324 g. the Macedonian army gathers in Susa, where Alexander organizes a celebration in honor of the "Great holy wedding": marrying 10,000 Macedonians with Persian women. Alexander also married the daughters of Darius, Brasida and Parisatida and youngest daughter Artarkserks Ohos.
He plans for further expeditions, much more research than conquest: sea journey around the Arabian Peninsula to Carthage and to the islands of Heracles (or Melkart), the oldest strait between Europe and Africa ( Gibraltar) but the plans collapse with his death.
He remains remembered as the world's Biggest general and invincible warrior, creator of the new world, new age, the new order.
Monument of Alexander III The Macedon in Prilep
Monument of Alexander III The Great of Macedon in Stip
Monument of Philip II the Macedon (Father of Alexander the Great) in Bitola city center
St. Nicholas, Varosh, Prilep (Св. Никола, Варош, Прилеп)
The church St. Nicholas (Св. Никола) is located in Varos neighborhood, Prilep, near the church St. Mary. According to some scholars, the church was built in the second half of the XII century, on the remains of the old Slavic settlement.
Skopje Kale (Fortress)
Zrze Monastery Holy Transfiguration (Манастир Свето Преображение – Зрзе) near Prilep
Holy Mary – Pandanos – church in Ohrid


Please fill out the form below to make a secure payment to Arrowhead Behavioral Health for your mental health services. Note the First Name and Last Name should be the payer responsible for paying your invoice. If there are any questions or concerns please call us at 419-891-9333.


text:
Gradul de fruntaș este gradul militar superior soldatului și inferior caporalului clasa a III-a. Însemnul este un V înspre exterior.
Acest grad aparține corpului soldaților gradați profesioniști.

Vezi și
 Gradat
 Gradele militare în România

Grade militare

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
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Posted by Daniel Johnson on January 2, 2014
Reviewed by editors. copyeditedfact checked [?]
Ottawa Stealing From Farmers?
Minister Gerry Ritz selling wheat board assetts with no compensation for farmers who paid into it.
by Canadian Wheat Board Alliance
Gerry Ritz became Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food in July of 2013. One of his jobs was to finish the dismantling of the Canadian Wheat Board, after Harper had forced the end to the single desk monopoly despite a strong vote against it by farmers. The Canadian Wheat Board headquarters was sold recently by the Ministry of Agriculture and Agri-Food, with no compensation for farmers whose fees had paid for the building.
The following statement is from The Canadian Wheat Board Alliance:
December 31, 2013) This month Minister Ritz continued to claim western farmers were being frivolous to expect compensation for the assets of the Canadian Wheat Board they bought and paid for. Who does he think he is fooling? Certainly not farmers.
It was fifty years ago that the Canadian Wheat Board moved into its new building at 425 Main in downtown Winnipeg. At the time the CWB reported an allocation of a little over $3 million for the completion of the new CWB building along with almost $300 thousand dollars on its balance sheet for the value of the original CWB lot and building.
These numbers from the audited statement are notable because the money was allocated from the pool accounts. In other words, farmers were investing a portion of their grain sales to house their staff, rather than spend the money on renting facilities. A decision endorsed by the farmer advisory committee to the CWB.
According to the Bank of Canada, those 1963 dollars translate to about $68 million dollars today. Of course that does not include improvements to the building over the years, again paid for by farmers, not to mention its much higher commercial real estate value.
In spite of these facts, and the fact that ever since it was created in 1935 the operations and assets of the Wheat Board have been paid for from farmers' grain sales, Agriculture Minister Ritz still claims farmers have no ownership of the assets of the Canadian Wheat Board. Like so many politicians, he apparently believes that if you repeat something often enough, people will believe it.
However, most fair minded people understand that paying for something, whether it is a downtown office building or a pack of gum, gives ownership to those supplying the money. It would seem Minister Ritz and the Prime Minister do not understand that getting themselves elected did not give Ottawa the right to steal from farmers.
But hey, they apparently are not even sure how their cronies in the Senate and elsewhere should fill in expense accounts, so perhaps we should not be surprised they cannot understand why western farmers took them to court for stealing the Wheat Board western farmers bought and paid for. I hope farmers keep their resolve to take back what is theirs.
http://www.cwbafacts.ca/2013/12/the-ostrich-of-ottawa/
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Gorongosa Mountain is an isolated peak which rises spectacularly out of the surrounding plains. It is sacred in local traditions, while for birders it is the only site in southern Africa to see the Green-headed Oriole and one of only four for Swynnerton's Robin. Birding groups typically spend a single day here, but a longer visit, taking in more of the habitats, is likely to add significantly to current knowledge of the avifauna of the site. More than 250 species have been recorded on the mountain and immediate vicinity and 100 species on a day trip is possible.
Green-headed Oriole, Swynnerton's Robin, Eastern Bronze-naped Pigeon, Moustached Grass-Warbler, Black-and-white Flycatcher. The taxonomic status of the Greater Double-collared Sunbird which occurs on the more open slopes is uncertain. Originally, thought to be the Miombo Double-collared Sunbird, it has recently tentatively been declared an isolated subspecies of the Greater Double-collared Sunbird, and may yet be declared a distinct species.
A dense lowland woodland with riverine thickets at the base, cliffs, scrubby slopes and montane forest higher up, and montane grassland at the peak.
Accommodation and camping is available in the Gorongosa National Park (60 km from the mountain). Overnight camping on the mountain can be arranged.
Birding is generally limited to the route up and down the mountain while in search of the Green-headed Oriole.
Access to Gorongosa Mountain is dependant on making arrangements with a local guide. The usual route is up the north-west slope of the mountain, leaving from the village of Canda about 15km north of Gorongosa town. The usual routine is to pick up the guide, pay respects to local traditions (including a ceremony and some small gifts), and then to drive about 15 kms up the mountain, park at a disused quarry and walk up or drive to Mangwana (near Morrumbodze waterfall). From here one hikes the remaining 7km or so to the forest. Its a steep uphill climb and time depends on the fitness level of the group.
Trips can be arranged by contacting Mangwana tours at ecotravelpeace@yahoo.com. or www.ecomangwana.com. The cost of an all day guided hike is R120 and half day is R60 per person. Porters can be arranged for a small additional fee.
Alternatively, bird guide Simba Munyambo is based in Gorongosa NP and can be contacted on 00258 826090421 or smunyambo@gmail.com for trips up the mountain.


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Home > About Us > Who We Are > Our Team > Susan Bantz
Susan Bantz
Susan serves on The San Diego Foundation's executive leadership team and manages day-to-day operations for the organization.
She manages key operational and human resource functions, such as team development, human resources, and contracts administration. Susan also oversees all community impact programs which help grow a more vibrant San Diego.
Prior to joining The Foundation, Susan served as Vice President of Hospital Operations for Ethos Veterinary Health where she oversaw the operational needs of three specialty hospitals with $45 million in annual revenue. In addition, Susan brings a breadth of executive leadership and management experience through her roles as Chief Executive Officer at Children's Physicians Medical Group, Vice President of Operations at Sharp Health Plan, and Chair for the Community Health Improvement Partners. In her free time, she works as a Sage Executive Leadership facilitator where she provides business leaders with guidance and collaboration to tackle key challenges.
Bantz holds a bachelor's degree in healthcare administration from San Jose State University.
Contact Susan
Your Guide to Giving
Open a Door to Opportunity with a Donor-Advised Fund.
Download Your Essential Guide to DAFs
Nonprofit Update July 2019: Events and Funding Opportunities
10 July 2019 | by TSDF
Each month, TSDF shares valuable information about upcoming workshops,...
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The Fayman Family legacy fund will bring dance and art to the San Diego region for generations to come. Learn how p… twitter.com/i/web/status/1…


For quick reference here is a chart showing the advantage derived from each stage of odds bets.
Named that way because it's a hard way to win, just kidding, but the hardway bet has some pretty horrible odds, so I recommend you stick with pass line bets with odds for the most part. Actually the 'hard' bit derives from the doubles involved. To roll a 'hard eight' means to roll it with double 4's, to roll a 'hard 6' means to roll it with double 3's. So in craps the only hardway bets that exist are a hard 4, 6, 8, and 10. When you make a hardway bet your betting that the hard version of what your betting on will come up before the soft version, or a seven. The soft version is the opposite of the hard version. Two threes is a hard six, but a 4 and a 2 is a soft six.
Odds are not completely consistent from casino to casino on the hardway bets but generally they go like so: a hard 4 pays 7 or 8 to 1, a hard 6 pays 9 or 10 to 1, a hard 8 pays 9 or 10 to 1, and a hard 10 pays 7 or 8 to 1.
Hardway bets are usually placed to add a little spice to the game, not in any effort to win more money. This is emphasized by the fact that the house edge is something atrocious on these bets. For a 4 or 10 the hard way, there is an 11.1% house edge, for a 6 or 8, it's around 9%.
You may find some people who look like they know what they're talking about around the craps table 'buying' instead of 'placing' numbers. What's the difference, why do we care? A buy bet decreases the house edge and enables you to win more. The numbers 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10 can all be bought, but usually the 4 or 10 is picked because its pays off better. The buy bet is similar to the place bet in that the number you buy must come up before a 7 does. The odds are higher for a buy bet. 2:1 on a 4 or 10 buy, 3:2 for a 5 or 9, or 6:5 for a 6 or 8. The catch is, you have to pay a 5% commission on any bets you buy (often called a 'vig'). Depending on how much you bet, buying a bet can make you more money in the end even after accounting for the 'vig'. The odds are only in your favor on a buy bet for a 4 or 10, so stick with the place bet on any others.
Proposition bets are the ones you can make in the middle of the table, and exist only on the 'next roll'. As one roll bets they can be heart racing and exciting, an integral part of the craps experience.
"any seven" bet With the "any seven" bet you're betting the shooter will hit a 7 on the next roll. Horrible house edge, never make this bet.
"snake eyes" bet With the "snake eyes" bet you're betting the shooter will throw a two on the next roll.
"yo eleven" bet With the "yo eleven" bet you're betting the shooter will hit an 11 on the next roll.
"any craps" bet With the "any craps" bet you're betting the shooter will throw a 2, 3, or 12 on the next roll.
"any three" bet With the "any three" bet you're betting the shooter will throw a 3 on the next roll.
"midnight" 12 bet With the "midnight" bet you're betting the shooter will throw a 12 on the next roll.
"horn" bet With the "horn" bet you're combining the snake eyes, 3, yo 11, and midnight bets.


The College of Aeronautics manages a handful of locations in the Melbourne area including the Center for Aeronautics and Innovation, Emil Buehler Center for Aviation Training and Research, and of course Skurla Hall. At each location students have access to unique facilities and equipment such as classrooms, computer labs, flight simulators, and a flight line with a fleet of over 40 aircraft.
George M. Skurla Hall is the primary home of the College of Aeronautics. In addition to a large amount of classrooms and administrative space Skurla Hall houses some specialized labs for use by students and faculty. The Basic Aviation Training Device (BATD) Lab allows aspiring pilots to use the training devices to hone their skills while students pursuing an Air Traffic Control specialization provide a realistic ATC environment for the pilots. Skurla Hall also houses the Air Traffic Control lab in which students are exposed to and trained to operate in a lifelike control tower environment.
The mission of the Center for Aeronautics and Innovation (CAI) is to conduct research, studies, consultation, and technology transfer to enhance aviation education and industry progress on all aspects of airport planning, design, development, operations and management. The CAI draws upon faculty, graduate students, research staff, and industry specialists to conduct its activities. Information and technology developed by the Center is transferred to a variety of federal and state agencies, local government, industry, and academia via reports, studies, briefings, workshops, and short courses.
The CAI is also home to various labs and other university assets. Most notably the Center houses FIT Aviation's Simulator Center, the COA's Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) Lab, and the Office of External Relations and Economic Development.
The Emil Buehler Center for Aviation Training and Research is home to FIT Aviation including the aircraft maintenance team and hangar, pilot briefing rooms, lounge and planning areas, as well as a fleet of over 40 aircraft.
Established in 1968, F.I.T. Aviation LLC is a wholly owned subsidiary of Florida Institute of Technology and an integral part of the College of Aeronautics. FIT Aviation supports aviation programs at Florida Tech by providing for all university related flight training activities. FIT Aviation also operates a for-profit FBO at the Melbourne International Airport and provides training for a variety of customers including airlines, individuals, and more.
FIT Aviation offers 14 CFR Part 141 and Part 61 flight training through our highly standardized Federal Aviation Administration approved training syllabuses. All of our full time flight instructors possess college degrees along with Flight Instructor and Flight Instructor Instrument certifications. Our fleet consists of over 40 primarily Piper aircraft including Piper Archers, Warriors, Arrows, Seminoles, and an American Champion Citabria Aurora. Elite, RedBird, and Frasca simulators at the CAI help to enhance flight training operations. In addition to providing flight training under the supervision of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), FIT Aviation is also authorized to provide training under the supervision of the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and the Civil Aviation Authority of Vietnam (CAAV).
FIT Aviation provides flight and ground instruction in all pilot ratings, from Private Pilot through Airline Transport Pilot, and Flight Instructor Airplane, Instrument, and Multi-engine. In addition, FIT Aviation offers unique courses such as Conventional Gear, Basic Aerobatics, Complex Instrument, Advanced Cockpit, and Air Taxi. All of our flight training is integrated with the ground studies provided by the College of Aeronautics.


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Shining with Pride of Place
By Radia Androun
Four Arab stars whose love songs embrace social justice for their homelands.
1. Mohammed Assaf, "Arab Idol" winner and now the first-ever UNRWA ambassador, has become a national symbol with anthems like the new "Abu Ammar", a tribute to Yasser Arafat. On International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian people he sang before the UN at its headquarters in New York.
2. Lebanese-Palestinian Julia Boutros uses her crystalline voice to defend the oppressed and criticize inept leadership. In "I Breathe Freedom", the ardent supporter of the Lebanese resistance vows, "The voice of freedom remains louder than all voices".
3. Known as the singer of the Syrian revolution, Assala Nasri has a sarcastic new hit, "If Only The Chair Could Speak", which chides the Syrian president for clinging to his position. "We want a country…that we own a small part of," she declares in it. "We don't feel a country can be owned by one person."
4. Romantic singer and composer Majid Al-Muhandis Al-Otaibi–aka "the Iraqi ambassador"—also calls for hope and peace for his people in songs such as "Heaven, Heaven", while ballads like "Do not weep, O Gaza" show solidarity with broader Arab issues.
Arab idol
Arab Idol winner
Assala Nasri
International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian people
Iraqi singers
Julia Boutros
Lebanese singers
Majid Al-Muhandis Al-Otaibi
Mohammad Assaf
Palestinian singers
Syrian singers
UNRWA ambassador
Jennifer MacKenzie
Poet, writer and teacher Jennifer MacKenzie grew up on Bloomcrest Dr. in Bloomfield Hills, MI, which inspired her to wonder about places with patterns other than floral. Following her education at Wesleyan University's College of Letters and the University of Iowa's Writers Workshop, she followed a zig-zag course that included a pilgrimage across the top of Spain and a long sojourn in Syria in pursuit of the language of Muhammad al-Maghout and Moudthaffar al-Nawwab. While in Damascus she completed the books of poems "Distant City" and "My Not-My Soldier" (forthcoming from Fence Books) and edited the magazine Syria Today. Her poems and essays can be found in numerous journals including the Kenyon Review online, Guernica, Quarterly West, and Lungfull. She currently lives in New York.
Outreach Does an About-face
You're Definitely Arab If You Can Relate to at Least All of These!
samer zureiqi says:
I think by music we can achieve our hopes
Dalia says:
You Forgot 2 of the icons in this area : Marcel Khalifeh and Fayrouz!
Jennifer MacKenzie says:
Marcel Khalifa was the 5th person on this list! I cut him to make more room to describe the other 4–as for him and Fayrouz, I love both of them but I felt most people have already heard of them, but maybe they haven't heard of Assala Nasri…so that's how I chose.


text:
Q: Basic Form react Hello I just want to make a form and my textboxes does not take my inputs and my submit works but sends no values. What am I doing wrong? I know it's a basic question but I don't know what the problem is in my code.
Key problems:

*

*it doesn't update the state nor take my inputs.

*fields editable but cant write into them

Code
import React, { Component } from "react";

class Postform extends Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);

    this.state = {
      name: "",
      category: "",
      price: "",
    };
  }

  changeHandler = (e) => {
    this.setState = { [e.target.name]: e.target.value };
  };

  submitHandler = (e) => {
    e.preventDefault();
    console.log(this.state);
  };

  render() {

    const { name, category, price } = this.state;

    return (

        <form onSubmit={this.submitHandler}>

            <input
              type="text"
              name="name"
              placeholder="Name"
              value={name}
              onChange={this.changeHandler}
            />

            <input
              type="text"
              name="category"
              placeholder="Category"
              value={category}
              onChange={this.changeHandler}
            />

            <input
              type="text"
              name="price"
              placeholder="Price"
              value={price}
              onChange={this.changeHandler}
            />

          <button type="submit">Add product</button>
        </form>

    );
  }
}

export default Postform;

A: Change this line to
changeHandler = e => {
    this.setState({[e.target.name]: e.target.value });
  };

Since setState is a function it is not a property !

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


GPIO image courtesy of eLinux.org, released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.
For more information, see the eLinux.org Raspberry Pi wiki.
The Raspberry Pi GPIO interface offers the perfect starting point from which to control devices, such as turning lights on and off, starting the coffee machine in the morning, or turning on the TV and playing your favorite movies at scheduled times.
Raspberry Pi fills in for a remote control device, switching the power on and off at an electrical outlet.
An Advent calendar during the Holiday season is a lovely tradition, but the calendars on the market are rather ordinary. We describe a Rasp Pi project that lets you create an innovative and unique Advent calendar.


What is included in the feature "Redmine - time sync, import projects and users"
Could you please explain more about this feature which is listed in the Pricing comparison screen "Redmine - time sync, import projects and users"
Is this the same as the integration with Redmine where we can start and stop the timer, or is this referring to additional features of syncing time from TMetric back to Redmine?
If I want to only record time spent on task in Redmine only on TMetric (without sync to Redmine), do I need to use the Professional or Business Plan?
These are additional features for those who want to import users and projects in one click and synchronize tracked time back to Redmine automatically.
If you don't need this, you don't have to switch to the Business plan.


pear-Structures_DataGrid_Renderer_HTMLSortForm-0.1.3.txz is a general purpose file that may contain any kind of data. A version number 0.1.3 has been detected and extracted from the filename. The download size as indicated by the server is 4.64KB (4748 bytes). The host server on pkg.cdn.trueos.org has returned application/octet-stream as the content type of the download which was updated on 06/21/2016 and was last checked by Webeaver.com crawlers on 12/31/2018. You may use one or more of the following keywords [pear structures datagrid renderer htmlsortform txz data grid sort form 0.1.3] to search for other files related to the one you are about to download.
Webeaver.com does not host any files on its servers and pear-Structures_DataGrid_Renderer_HTMLSortForm-0.1.3.txz remains the property of its respective owner. We have no controle over the nature, content and the availability of the file listed here for free download and hosted on pkg.cdn.trueos.org.


The Actesso Beige Neck Collar Brace is a foam support for those suffering from pain or injury in the neck region. Our brace has been built to relieve pain and reduce the risk of further injury for conditions such as Whiplash Trauma and Cervical Arthritis. This product uses a semi-rigid interior foam covered with a skin friendly knitted liner to provide optimum comfort and relief.
This support comes in multiple sizes to provide a more customised fit and can be fitted by simply curving the support around the neck and attaching the hook and loop straps together.


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text:
Enterprise website link address:http://www.shuanghui.net/
Shuanghui is China's largest meat processing base, agricultural industrialization of key national enterprises, headquartered in Luohe City, Henan Province. Shuanghui in the country's 18 provinces (cities) built more than 30 modern meat processing base and supporting industries, formed a breeding, feed, slaughter, meat processing, new materials, packaging, cold chain logistics, chain business, and other industries Chain, the annual production and marketing of meat products more than 300 million tons, with nearly one million sales terminals, the country in addition to Xinjiang, Tibet, Shuanghui products can be done towards the evening. Shuanghui brand value of 49.7 billion yuan, for more than 20 years ranked first in the Chinese meat industry.
Shuanghui Holdings parent company - Wanzhou International (formerly Shuanghui International), is the world's largest pork food business, in the 2016 "Fortune" Fortune 500 listed in the top 495, headquartered in Hong Kong. Wanzhou international business radiation more than 20 countries around the world, with China's "Shuanghui", the United States "Smithfield" and many other products and brands favored by the market, Shuanghui brand cold meat, Shuanghui Wang Wang in China well-known, Smithfield brand Renowned European and American markets. Wanzhou International in meat products, fresh goods and pig breeding three areas are ranked first in the world, is the world's largest, most widely arranged, the industry chain the most complete and most competitive pork enterprises.
Wanzhou International has two listed companies, "Shuanghui Development" (000895) listed in Shenzhen, "Wanzhou International" (00288) listed in Hong Kong. "Shuanghui development" in Forbes "2014 the world's most innovative enterprises 100" ranked 24th, mainland China first. "Wan Chau International" stock was included in the UK FTSE index, Hong Kong Hang Seng integrated large-cap index. In 2016, Wanzhou International entered the world top 500.
Shuanghui Group Chairman Mr. Wan Long, with more than 40 years of experience in the management of meat industry. Under his leadership, he fostered two listed companies, a Fortune 500 company and a visionary, experienced, highly dedicated, highly focused management team. Mr. Wan Long was awarded "Luohe City, special hero", "Chinese meat industry ten meritorious entrepreneurs", "US economic and trade development leader", the United States "Time" magazine global "God of Cookery."
After the internationalization of the big Shuanghui, will continue to adhere to the concept of reform and innovation, adhere to the global development strategy, accelerate global expansion and resource integration, make good use of global resources and markets, continue to maintain and consolidate in the country, the world's leading position, Structure, expand the network to promote the scale of the transition, "the guidelines under the guidance of further products, bigger brands, stronger enterprises, continue to provide health, safety, rest assured, fashion products for the vast number of consumers, shareholders and society to create sustainable value The


The Internet of Things (IoT) is the merger of the physical and the digital world. Ordinary objects featuring tiny computers will be assigned an IPv6 address and have a digital representation on the Internet. We will be able to access information about the objects in our daily lives over the internet and even remotely control them.
Many instances of the IoT won't even have humans in the loop. The IoT as a machine-to-machine network where sensors and actuators communicate with each other to move the environment to a desired state.
In September the workshop ROBIOTS: Robots Meet Internet of Things took place as part of the two-day PICNIC festival for media and innovation, hosted in Amsterdam. Afterwards I discussed the future of IoT, its technological challenges and its potential dark side with three of the speakers: Florian Michahelles, Heico Sandee and Stefan Gessler.
Dr. Florian Michahelles is the associate director of the Auto-ID Labs Zurich/St. Gallen. The Auto-ID Labs are the leading global network of seven academic research laboratories in the field of networked RFID. His research interests center around the Internet of Things.
Stefan Gessler is project manager at the Software and Service Research Division of NEC Laboratories Europe. He participates in the Florence project, an activity to make low-cost robots interact with a smart home environment to support elderly people in their daily life at home. He is also involved in the formation of the IoT-Forum.
Tessel: Why does the world need the IoT?
Florian: One answer is: it just happens. It's just the natural evolution of technology.
Heico: It's about span of control. I am so used to having the power at my fingertips to communicate with everyone, I find it almost stupid I can't communicate with the things in my life. I want to be able to check on my phone whether I forgot to lock my door. I want to have access to this information and even be able to close it remotely.
Stefan: The IoT is all about co-operation and communication. Communication is a prerequisite for co-operation. You can think of thousands of scenario's in which it is an advantage when things work together. For instance, a sensor detecting water on the bathroom floor can signal the water tap to close itself. Or a car detecting a safety hazard ahead telling the cars behind it to slow down.Heico: And it opens up entirely new possibilities. In the RoboEarth project we're creating a system to exchange information between objects, robots and humans. Say, you connect your coffee machine to your alarm clock. As soon as the alarm goes off the machine starts making coffee. This is already possible if you have a smart coffee maker. But what if the machine runs out of coffee? This is where the robot comes in. Because it has the capability to move it can refill the coffee bean container. Robots will give arms and legs to the Internet.
And when robots are part of a network they can learn from each other. RoboEarth is building a cloud-based database which can be accessed by different kinds of robots. When a robot has solved a problem it can add this information to the cloud so that the next robot encountering the same problem can download the instructions. This way you don't have to plan for every possible problem in the design phase of the robot, or equip them all with a large array of sensors to give them learning abilities.
Tessel: What are the technological challenges of realizing the IoT?
Stefan: The biggest challenge is the modeling of information. To enable every device to communicate and to co-operate with all other devices. What happens a lot at the moment is the so called silo-approach. You have a certain application field and devices designed to execute one particular task. This system is a closed box consisting of sensors, actuators and software. If you want to add a second application you have to buy it all again, the sensors, the actuators but this time with different software and protocols. The next step we have to take is reusing the data, sharing it among the devices. But that means you need to have an interoperable interface. That is what we are working on at the moment.
Florian: At the Auto-ID labs we focus on the product side: how to make the flow of items and the supply chain more efficient. The idea is to have a barcode or uniquely identifiable RFID number that is associated with data describing the type of product. And now we recognize that the barcode –a forty year old technology- can also be useful for consumers with smartphones. But the consumer is interested in different data. He isn't interested in the size or the weight of the product but in the ingredients or its application. And next we have to derive semantics from the data which can be interpreted by robots. In the IoT different systems that emerged for different reasons have to work together.
But standardization isn't so much a technical challenge but rather an organizational and motivational one. Because it isn't one company providing all the infrastructure but many disparate parties. How do you get all the parties to play together? Indeed, you have the data generated by one company but what is the incentive to share? So the question really is: what is the ecosystem? What is the business case you can set up that makes the different parties willing to share because they mutually benefit from it?
Heico: I agree that interoperability is the biggest challenge but is it really such a big problem? Isn't it a matter of making a choice and sticking to it?
Stefan: It is about making a choice but in this choice you have to consider all the cases which could possibly appear.
Florian: Exactly, that's the point. You have to understand what you need it for. Technologically it is difficult to build a solution that fits every case. So it is easier to agree on, say, five cases and get a standard on it.
Stefan: The IoT is going to develop bottom up. We will not build an IoT system and switch it on like we once did with TV technology.
Tessel: The Internet is the backbone of the IoT. Is the current state of the Internet infrastructure sufficient?
Stefan: We will need increasingly more bandwidth. Everything is working so far but we have to be prepared for Big Data. The growth of data is exponential. As one of the speakers pointed out in the workshop: 5 billion gigabytes of data was created since the beginning of recorded time. In 2011 that same volume of data was created in two days. By 2013 we will create it in 10 minutes. The capacity of the radio spectrum is inherently limited. You can't add an unlimited amount of devices to the wireless network.
Florian: You have to manage the scarcity. Today if the Internet is choked it may take a little longer for you to download that picture. Most of the data traffic isn't urgent. But with the IoT it might be different. There might be health applications involved which depend on permanent access. To manage the scarcity you may have to give priority to health applications or have users pay a little fee for priority access. I think we will always be at the limits of bandwidth but I don't think it is a showstopper for the IoT.
Stefan: On the contrary, the IoT could contribute to a more efficient organization of data traffic. It's about making decisions as early as possible. Data relevant to a local network doesn't need to be pushed to a remote datacenter. What we see now is two distinctions: local and the cloud. In the future we will have different layers, different levels of cloud. The data will be organized hierarchically: can it stay local, or does it have to be regionally or globally stored.
Tessel: What are the possible dangers of this technology?
Heico: One of the worries is security. We already see what damage malicious hackers can do to the Internet. When all kinds of objects are connected to the Internet the impact of systems being compromised is even bigger.
Stefan: Whenever you introduce something new it can also be used for something negative. Another thing is that a new technology always influences the way we live our lives. Many people consider changes as a threat, so we also need to care about the acceptance of IoT in future. Security, but also privacy are certainly key factors.
Florian: A possible danger is transparency. As humans we are used to understanding why things happen. With this digital component added to our world, we may not perceive the cause of occurrences with our senses anymore. That is why we continuously have to think about designing the technology in such a way that we always have a mental model to understand what is going on. It's scary if I can't grasp what's happening. It means I'm controlled by something else. That's a dark scenario. But in my opinion the worst case scenario for the Internet of Things is if it doesn't happen.
As Stefan Gessler rightly points out, the IoT isn't one technology with a single switch-on moment. Rather, it is a boundless sprawl of technologies and applications many of which are already in operation. Probably unknowingly, Elektor has already covered many of them. In the November edition alone I counted five IoT projects, proving that Elektor's new e-departments .LABs and .MAGAZINE cover IoT without expressly identifying it. We need to work on that!
One of the best known IoT applications is the smart meter. Serving as the nerve endings of the smart (electrical) grid, smart meters provide information about power consumption at the local level enabling both energy suppliers and consumers to make informed decisions about saving energy. Last month Søren Mikkelsen showed how to install an S0-compatible electricity meter that sends detailed power consumption data to a local or cloud-based database.
In the November edition Benedikt Sauter in his series "Embedded Linux Made Easy" described how to free your Elektor Linux board from a lonely existence by setting up a network connection. And Jens Nickel introduced the C library for the ElektorBus to make it easier for developers to add microcontroller nodes. Both the Elektor Linux board and the ElektorBus are crying out to be connected to the Internet.
Also in the November 2012 edition Dr. Joost Mertens went to the very basics of internet technology when explaining how to build a network interface card (NIC) using a 8-bit AVR microcontroller. When paired with an old parallel port camera, the microcontroller allows you to send video to multiple recipients on a network.
In part 3a of the "Arduino on Course" titled 'Connect the physical world to your Android phone' David Cuartielles and Andreas Goransson set out to teach you how to start building your own IoT. Cheerfully continued in the December issue.


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Founder Of Lagos Fashion Week Omoyemi Akerele Is Now On The Board Of Directors Of The Commonwealth Fashion Council
BlacksatinoBlog May 31, 2020 0 Comments
Founder Of Lagos Fashion Week Omoyemi Akerele, African fashion advocate and CEO of StyleHouseFiles has a new accolade to add to her plethora of awards.
She has just been announced as a member of the Board of Directors of the Commonwealth Fashion Council. The council is a fashion body made up of 54 nations in the Commonwealth for promoting education, responsible trade, youth and gender empowerment across the Commonwealth Fashion Industries. She joins fashion luminaries like Canadian Roger H Gingerich, ex director of the Fashion Group International and CEO of the Canadian International Fashion Film Festival and Meiling who represents Trinidad on the council.
The organisation shared the big news via their Instagram page:
The Commonwealth Fashion Council are delighted to announce the appointment of @omoyemiakerele Founder of @lagosfashionweekofficial to the Board of Directors—
Described by @bof as "a driving force behind Nigeria's burgeoning fashion industry. "
@omoyemiakerele said to the @commonwealthfashion "the future lies with stakeholders working collaboratively with platforms such as the Commonwealth Fashion Council. All collaboration is required now to be meaningful and empowering. My mission is to create networks within Africa and beyond to create jobs, contribute to GDP and to mobilise youth. The #commonwealth is a huge opportunity for the development of Fashion. Daniel Hatton the #CEO and Founder of the Commonwealth Fashion Council said "We are truly honoured by Omoyemi joining the @commonwealthfashion as a board member. She's full of fashion wisdom and ideas for global fashion, she's been a great inspiration for me and millions around the world. Very supportive, kind, and driven with a business outlook. She's perfect, and I look forward to our shared future. It's going to be a fabulous journey".
She also shared her happiness via her Instagram page, she said:
Thank you for the invitation @commonwealthfashion I look forward to contributing to the CFC vision to bring fashion communities across 54 countries together to make magic!
Congratulations and we look forward to seeing her accomplish even more as a board member !
Tags Celebrity Entertainment Fashion Social Media


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Choose Ambiance Window Coverings for all of your custom drapery needs in Omaha, NE.
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Custom Drapery and PanelsAt Ambiance Window Coverings, our passion is helping homeowners like you customize their décor. This includes customized drapery solutions, as well as top treatments, cornices and more.Our lead designer, Donna, believes in creating distinctive spaces that reinforce the atmosphere you've always wanted in your home. To best serve you, we offer a wide range of fabrics and suppliers — the options that help you select the best fit for your needs.You'll find drapery fabrics from top names such as Robert Allen, Carole, Kravet and Wesco. All sewing is done locally by talented craftspeople here in Omaha.
Cornices & Top TreatmentsPack a decorative punch when you choose custom valences, top treatments and cornices. Explore the possibilities by using these treatments alone or combining with blinds, shades and other products. Use strategically to achieve the perfect balance between privacy and natural light, operation and style.
About Ambiance Window CoveringsWith more than 18 years of experience in the window covering industry, we can offer in-depth knowledge as you explore your custom window drapery options. Once you know what direction you want to head with your window treatments, we have a comprehensive selection that allows you to identify and secure the perfect products for your unique needs.Our approach to customer service has helped us earn an A+ rating from the Better Business Bureau, and we've also been named Omaha's best for four years running. When you need custom drapery in Omaha, turn to Ambiance Window Coverings — your best option in Omaha and throughout Nebraska.Enjoy a Free ConsultationAt Ambiance Window Coverings, we always seek to understand your unique needs before any project begins. That's why we offer a free consultation.These free consultations help you gain a better understanding of your custom window drapery options and what's available. They also allow you to ask questions and enjoy expert guidance from one of our window covering professionals. We can help you achieve the perfect balance between style and function, including factors such as privacy, natural light and safety. When it comes to your search for custom drapery in Omaha, look no further than Ambiance Window Coverings.Contact us today for your free custom window drapery consultation.


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Q: Eigenvalues of a symmetric positive definite matrix are all greater than $0$ The eigenvalues of a symmetric positive definite matrix are all greater than zero. Prove this by considering the eigen-decomposition $A=QDQ^T$, with $Q$ orthogonal and $D$ diagonal. How exactly do I show this?
I'm not really sure how to approach this. I believe I should start by doing the following: $A=QDQ^T \implies Q^TA = DQ^T$ since $Q^{-1} = Q^T$. It follows then that $Q^TAQ =D$. The right side contains all the eigenvalues. If I could show that the left side becomes a diagonal with positive values, then I'd be done. However, I'm not sure how to do this.
Another inclination is to consider eigen-vectors of $A$, say $v_i$. Since $A$ is positive definite, $x^TAx>0$ for all $x\neq0$. So considering a normalized eigenvector $v_i$ and its associated eigenvalue $\lambda_i$, we have
$v_i^TQDQ^Tv_i>0$
But $Q^Tv_i = (v^Tv_i \hspace{1mm}\cdots\hspace{1mm}v^T_nv_i)^T = (0 \cdots0\hspace{1mm}1\hspace{1mm} 0\cdots0)^T$
and similarly,
$v_i^TQ = (v_i^Tv_1\hspace{2mm}\cdots\hspace{2mm}v_i^Tv_n) =  (0 \cdots0\hspace{1mm}1\hspace{1mm} 0\cdots0)$
Letting $D = diag(\lambda_1,...,\lambda_i,...\lambda_n)$, we get
$(0 \cdots0\hspace{1mm}1\hspace{1mm} 0\cdots0)diag(\lambda_1,...,\lambda_i,...\lambda_n)(0 \cdots0\hspace{1mm}1\hspace{1mm} 0\cdots0)^T = \lambda_i > 0$.
Thus, this holds for the set $B=\{v_1,...,v_n\}$ of all normalized eigenvectors of $A$. So, is this a valid proof using eigendecomposition? If so, how does this change if we do not consider normalized eigenvectors?

A: An operator $A$ is positive-definite if, for every vector $v$, we have $\langle v, Av \rangle > 0$, where $\langle v, u \rangle = v^T u$ denotes the dot-product. If we have an eigenvector $Av = \lambda v$ of the positive-definite operator $A$, then $\langle v, Av \rangle = \lambda \langle v, v \rangle > 0$ and so $\lambda > 0$.
If the operator $A$ is also symmetric, then all of its eigenvalues are real, and hence all positive.


Lonely widow Joyce rents out a room to make easy money. She meets mysterious drifter Bob and takes him in as a long-term tenant. She becomes obsessed with her much younger guest, making him the object of her deepest romantic fantasies. When a friend's betrayal derails Joyce's fantasy world, she seizes control of her own destiny with a deadly mission to finally get what she deserves.


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June 2012 - Paper 2
UGC NET Computer Science : June 2012 – Paper 2 (Solved Papers)
Examination Papers
Which of the following logic families is well suited for high-speed operations ?
Interrupts which are initiated by an instruction are
printf("%c", 100);
prints garbage
prints ASCII equivalent of 100
For the transmission of the signal, Bluetooth wireless technology uses
frequency division duplex
frequency division multiplexing
time division duplex
time division multiplexing
Consider the following statements :
Recursive languages are closed under complementation.
Recursively enumerable languages are closed under union.
Recursively enumerable languages are closed under complementation.
Which of the above statements are true ?
II and III
I only
I and II
I and III
Pages: Page 1, Page 2, Page 3, Page 4, Page 5, Page 6, Page 7, Page 8, Page 9, Page 10


Immigration lawyers such as Paul Hesse hope the new Liberal government will address hurdles created by the temporary foreign worker program.
While the new federal Liberal government is working to quickly address the Syrian refugee crisis, immigration lawyers hope it will also tackle hurdles around temporary foreign workers, work permits, and the backlog of requests for labour market impact assessments.
Right now, only highly skilled temporary foreign workers can apply for permanent residence in Canada, making it difficult for those without specific skills to gain permanent residency status. And under the Conservative government, the temporary foreign worker program created endless headaches for workers and employers.
"The last government had made a policy choice. It wanted to decrease the number of foreign workers. It was bragging that the number was coming down. That was a goal. It's not surprising there were hurdles to getting work permits," says Paul Hesse, an immigration lawyer with Pitblado LLP in Winnipeg.
The former Conservative government's response to dealing with foreign workers was a reaction to the scandal around mistreatment of temporary foreign workers, but the solution created new problems, some lawyers suggest.
Hesse says Minister of Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship John McCallum has stated that while the government is busy addressing the Syrian refugee crisis, it's also working on other issues such as processing times in other areas.
"When he was in opposition, McCallum said overreach was a concern and a balance needed to be struck and that some employers do genuinely need foreign workers," he says.
Hesse says a major issue he sees is getting extensions for work permits for individuals already living in Canada who have jobs and whose employers are desperate to keep them.
Hesse is currently representing a manufacturing client in the Federal Court on a file involving a skilled tradesperson whom the company wants to continue working for it.
The employer is in a small town in Manitoba where it's difficult to find skilled workers. The company ended up in court when the job confirmation letter it issued to the employee was rejected because it didn't use the word "permanent" and was interpreted as not offering permanent employment.
Hesse is arguing the employer doesn't need to use the word "permanent" for a job to be considered permanent.
"The key is that it be indefinite, that it not be for a fixed period or occasional," he says.
In his client's case, the employee's permanent residence application was refused and because of that, his work permit extension couldn't be approved and he's now without status.
Hesse says the new Liberal government has also stated it will consider providing additional funding to reduce the backlog of labour market impact assessments.
It would also help if the added red tape attached to them by the previous government could be addressed. For workers who don't need labour market impact assessments, a new form was created and a fee introduced by the Conservative government that created an additional hurdle for work permits to be extended.
It means the province has determined the person is important to the economy — often those like the client Hesse is representing — with a need for workers in rural areas. However, the Conservative federal government issued an additional form and introduced a $230 employer compliance fee.
"Timelines can be tight for work permit extensions and some people can lose their status because they didn't know about it," says Hesse.
Green, who says he's "encouraged" by McCallum's appointment as immigration minister, hopes the government will bring back programs that encourage those who want to invest in and start businesses.
"The previous government stopped the entrepreneur program. We're hoping they bring back a business program," says Green.
He would also like to see the age of dependency raised to 22 years. It was moved to 19, something he says was "seriously preventing" people from coming to Canada because it was splitting up families.
I'm happy to provide an update. Our Federal Court argument was successful and our client's permanent residence application will be processed.


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Q: Importing an Excel spreadsheet into C# forms in a Array format? I'm trying to import an excel spreadsheet with names and phone numbers of people (350+), and can't figure out how I would go about putting those names and numbers into a array to use them separately into text boxes to edit them, delete them, move to different files and such.. Any help would be greatly help full on my quest!
Thanks,
Brad

A: For a similar project I used linqtoexcel. This framework allows you to query an excel spreadsheet using the LINQ syntax which allows you to access all the normal LINQ methods.
So you could do something like this:
var excelSheet = new ExcelQueryFactory(tempFilePath);
var results = (from x in excelSheet.Worksheet()
                  select x).ToArray();

Where tempFilePath would be an excel file.

A: To import information from Excel there are a few ways of going about this. The simplest is to add a reference to Microsoft Excel Object Library via Add Reference -> COM. From there you can add create an excel Application and instance to access the Excel Document:
    Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application oApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.ApplicationClass();
    Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook oBook = oApp.Workbooks.Open("Workbook Path Goes Here");
    Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet oSheet = oBook.Worksheets["Sheet Name Goes here"];

From here you can grab the cells you need and extract the information from them. You may want to define a Struct or Class to store the information in:
    public class Contact
    {
        public string FirstName { get; set; }
        public string LastName { get; set; }
        public string Phone { get; set; }
    }

Then in your main part of the code just create a list of contacts:
    List<Contact> contacts = new List<Contact>();

Now you can freely add to the list as you iterate through your Excel spreadsheet.


HM Tropical hotel has the best facilities in order to enjoy a holiday at the beach. It stands out among our hotels in Mallorca because of its impressive Sky Bar and pool, at the hotel's top floor. Its 205 rooms are completly equipped and decorated in a sober and contemporary style.
The best way to enjoy a relaxing summer session in full comfort during your stay in Playa de Palma is a dip in the large pool at the hotel, surrounded by palm trees and a calm and serene atmosphere.
If you need to get away, nothing better than one of the comfortable deck chairs you will find on our outdoor terrace where you can relax and get your strength back surrounded by the best atmosphere, only a few feet away from Playa de Palma.
At our welcoming restaurant you can enjoy a selection of the best international dishes, both cold and warm and freshly cooked at our show cooking. You can also enjoy our themed meals (Japanese, Italian and Spanish).
Sit down for a chat with your family or friends and have a drink in the afternoon. Or you can just enjoy the warm and comfortable atmosphere at our lounge bar at Playa de Palma HM Tropical hotel.
One of the best spots in our hotel is the Sky Bar and pool at the top floor. From there, you'll be able to enjoy a beautiful panoramic view of Palma bay and its unique sunsets and unforgettable parties. *It will be closed in case of bad weather.
If you like to keep up with your exercise during your holiday, in our hotel in Mallorca you will find a gym equipped with several machines so you can choose how and when you want to exercise during your stay.
If you want to hold a meeting or conference in the best environment and with the best facilities always at your disposal, at HM Tropical hotel we have a small conference room equipped with a projector, a screen and a flipchart.


The China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) provides a great platform for China and Pakistan to promote regional trade activity. The massive infrastructure project to improve maritime and road connectivity is viewed as being a "game-changer" for Pakistan's economy. However, the CPEC project at its core is envisaged as the link between China's ambitious "One Belt and One Road" project and the "Maritime Silk Route" project. There is plausibility in the argument that connectivity projects, naval cooperation and the deepening bilateral relationship with the littorals of the Indian Ocean, particularly Pakistan, would certainly increase China's maritime influence in the region. In view of the above, the paper will analyse how the China–Pakistan naval cooperation will upset the regional balance and intensify the naval competition between India and China in the Arabian Sea.


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For other uses, see Black comedy (disambiguation).
"Black humor" redirects here. For the Italian/Spanish film, see Black Humor (film).
Not to be confused with Black sitcom.
'"Hopscotch to oblivion", Barcelona, Spain
Black comedy or dark comedy, is a comic style that makes light of themes that are generally considered serious or taboo. Black comedy corresponds to the earlier concept of gallows humor.[1][2][3][4][5][6] Black comedy is often controversial due to its subject matter.
History and etymology
An amusing play on words
Origin of the term
The term black humor (from the French humour noir) was coined by the surrealist theorist André Breton in 1935 while interpreting the writings of Jonathan Swift.[7][8] Breton's preference was to identify some of Swift's writings as a subgenre of comedy and satire[9][10] in which laughter arises from cynicism and skepticism,[7][11] often relying on topics such as death.[12][13]
Breton coined the term for his book Anthology of Black Humor (Anthologie de l'humour noir), in which he credited Jonathan Swift as the originator of black humor and gallows humor, and included excerpts from 45 other writers. Breton included both examples in which the wit arises from a victim with which the audience empathizes, as is more typical in the tradition of gallows humor, and examples in which the comedy is used to mock the victim. This victim's suffering is trivialized, which leads to sympathizing with the victimizer, as analogously found in the social commentary and social criticism of the writings of Sade. Black humor is also occasionally related to that of the grotesque genre.[14]
Breton identified Swift as the originator of black humor and gallows humor, particularly in his pieces Directions to Servants (1731), A Modest Proposal (1729), A Meditation Upon a Broom-Stick (1710), and a few aphorisms.[8][11]
The terms black comedy or dark comedy have been later derived as alternatives to Breton's term. In black humor, topics and events that are usually regarded as taboo are treated in an unusually humorous or satirical manner while retaining their seriousness; the intent of black comedy, therefore, is often for the audience to experience both laughter and discomfort, sometimes simultaneously.
Adoption in literary criticism
Bruce Jay Friedman, in his anthology entitled Black Humor, imported the concept of black comedy to the United States. He labeled many different authors and works with the idea, arguing that they shared the same literary genre. The Friedman label came to prominence in the 1950s and 1960s. Early American writers who employed black humor were Nathanael West[15] and Vladimir Nabokov.[15] In 1965 a mass-market paperback titled Black Humor, was released. It contained work by a variety of authors, which included J.P. Donleavy,[5][6] Edward Albee,[5][6] Joseph Heller,[5][6] Thomas Pynchon,[5][6] John Barth,[5][6] Vladimir Nabokov,[5][6] Bruce Jay Friedman[5][6] himself, and Louis-Ferdinand Celine.[5][6] This was one of the first American anthologies devoted to the conception of black humor as a literary genre; the publication also sparked nationwide interest in black humor.[6][16] Among the writers labeled as black humorists by journalists and literary critics are Roald Dahl,[17] Thomas Pynchon,[9] Kurt Vonnegut,[9] Warren Zevon, John Barth,[9] Joseph Heller,[9] and Philip Roth.[9] The motive for applying the label black humorist to all the writers cited above is that they have written novels, poems, stories, plays, and songs in which profound or horrific events were portrayed in a comic manner.
The purpose of black comedy is to make light of serious and often taboo subject matter; some comedians use it as a tool for exploring vulgar issues, thus provoking discomfort and serious thought as well as amusement in their audience. Popular themes of the genre include violence (murder, abuse, domestic violence, rape, torture, war, genocide, terrorism, corruption), discrimination (chauvinism, racism, sexism, homophobia, transphobia), disease (anxiety, depression, suicide, nightmares, drug abuse, mutilation, disability, terminal illness, insanity), sexuality (sodomy, homosexuality, incest, infidelity, fornication), religion and barbarism.
Comedians, like Lenny Bruce,[10] that since the late 1950s have been labeled for using "sick comedy" by mainstream journalists, have also been labeled with "black comedy".
By contrast, blue comedy focuses more on crude topics such as nudity, sex, and bodily fluids. Although the two are interrelated, black comedy is different from straightforward obscenity in that it is more subtle and does not necessarily have the explicit intention of offending people, but for social criticism or plain humor. In obscene humor, much of the humorous element comes from shock and revulsion, while black comedy might include an element of irony, or even fatalism. For example, the archetypal black comedy self-mutilation appears in the English novel Tristram Shandy. Tristram, five years old at the time, starts to urinate out of an open window for lack of a chamber pot. The sash falls and circumcises him; his family reacts with both chaotic action and philosophic digression.
Major "King" Kong riding a nuclear bomb to oblivion, from Dr. Strangelove
Black comedy is commonly used in dramatic or satirical films, retaining its serious tone and working as a tool of many films, television shows, books, and video games. Stanley Kubrick's 1964 film Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb presents one of the best-known mainstream examples of black comedy.[9] The subject of the film is nuclear warfare and the possible annihilation of life on Earth. Normally, films about nuclear war treat the subject with gravity and seriousness, creating suspense over the efforts to avoid a nuclear war, but Dr. Strangelove instead plays the subject for laughs. For example, in the film the fail-safe procedures designed to prevent a nuclear war are precisely the systems that ensure that it will happen. Another example is the closing scene of Monty Python's Life of Brian, where Brian and others — sentenced to death by crucifixion — sing and whistle a cheerful tune centering on death not being such a bad thing: "Always Look on the Bright Side of Life".
Modern examples of black comedy in film include: Grosse Pointe Blank, a 1997 romantic comedy about a career hitman who returns to his hometown for a job and using his 10 year high school reunion as a front; Very Bad Things, a 1998 film about a Las Vegas bachelor party gone gruesomely wrong for its attendees; Death to Smoochy, a 2002 film about a new children's show host being the target of his deranged predecessor; Bad Santa, a 2003 Christmas-themed film about a drunken, foul-mouthed professional thief who doubles as a department store Santa; Heathers, a 1988 high school movie about a couple of teens who decide to kill the popular kids at their school and make it look like suicide; Pulp Fiction, a 1994 crime noir film of three intertwining gangster stories; Observe and Report, a 2009 film about a violent, bigoted, delusional mall cop with bipolar disorder; Horrible Bosses, a 2011 film about three men who resolve to murder their respective overbearing bosses; Cheap Thrills, a 2013 film about how far two men would go for monetary gain; and Filth, a 2013 film about a bigoted, corrupt, Machiavellian policeman and his slow descent into insanity. All of these films, though mostly critically and commercially successful, were met with criticism for their politically incorrect subject matter.
Over time, black comedy films have taken on a larger scope. For example, while the aforementioned Dr. Strangelove deals with the events leading up to a nuclear apocalypse, the 2013 disaster comedy This Is the End takes a darkly humorous approach to events after the annihilation of humanity. The film follows a group of actors (all playing satirical versions of themselves) as they encounter demons, monsters and psychotic cannibals after the Biblical Rapture. The film was both a critical and commercial success.
While many black comedies are high-concept and grandiose in scope, they can also be character-driven, as evidenced by Alejandro G. Iñárritu's 2014 film Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance), which tells the story of an actor, played by Michael Keaton, who is living under the shadow of a former superhero role and attempts to gain back his reputation as a serious actor. The film satirizes the egotistical nature of actors, the typecasting nature of Hollywood, and the lengths to which actors will go to bring realism to their performances. Birdman was critically acclaimed and won the Academy Award for Best Picture.
Example of black comedy in television include Nighty Night, Louie, Getting On, Human Remains, Jam, Tosh.0, The Life and Times of Vivienne Vyle, Crayon Shin-chan, Family Guy, and Wilfred, among others.
Cringe comedy
Dead baby jokes
Gallows humor
Off-color humor
Shock value
Sick comedy
Wiener Schmäh
↑ black humour | Britannica.com
↑ Garrick, Jacqueline and Williams, Mary Beth (2006) Trauma treatment techniques: innovative trends pp.175-6
↑ Lipman, Steve (1991) Laughter in hell: the use of humor during the Holocaust, Northvale, N.J:J Aronson Inc.
↑ Kurt Vonnegut (1971) Running Experiments Off: An Interview, interview by Laurie Clancy, published in Meanjin Quarterly, 30 (Autumn, 1971), pp.46-54, and in Conversations with Kurt Vonnegut, quote:
The term was part of the language before Freud wrote an essay on it—'gallows humor.' This is middle European humor, a response to hopeless situations. It's what a man says faced with a perfectly hopeless situation and he still manages to say something funny. Freud gives examples: A man being led out to be hanged at dawn says, 'Well, the day is certainly starting well.' It's generally called Jewish humor in this country. Actually it's humor from the peasants' revolt, the thirty years' war, and from the Napoleonic wars. It's small people being pushed this way and that way, enormous armies and plagues and so forth, and still hanging on in the face of hopelessness. Jewish jokes are middle European jokes. And the black humorists are gallows humorists, as they try to be funny in the face of situations which they see as just horrible.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Bloom, Harold (2010) Dark Humor, ch. On dark humor in literature, pp.80-88
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Freud (1927) Humor
1 2 Real, Hermann Josef (2005) The reception of Jonathan Swift in Europe, p.90 quote:
At least, Swift's text is preserved, and so is a prefactory note by the French writer André Breton, which emphasizes Swift's importance as the originator of black humor, of laughter that arises from cynicism and scepticism.
1 2 Lezard, Nicholas (2009-02-21). "From the sublime to the surreal". The Guardian. London.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 black humor - Dictionary definition of black humor | Encyclopedia.com: FREE online dictionary
1 2 "black humor - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about black humor". Encyclopedia.farlex.com. Retrieved 2010-06-24.
1 2 André Breton introduction to Swift in Anthology of Black Humor, quote:
When it comes to black humor, everything designates him as the true initiator. In fact, it is impossible to coordinate the fugitive traces of this kind of humor before him, not even in Heraclitus and the Cynics or in the works of Elizabethan dramatic poets. [...] historically justify his being presented as the first black humorist. Contrary to what Voltaire might have said, Swift was in no sense a "perfected Rabelais." He shared to the smallest possible degree Rabelais's taste for innocent, heavy-handed jokes and his constant drunken good humor. [...] a man who grasped things by reason and never by feeling, and who enclosed himself in skepticism; [...] Swift can rightfully be considered the inventor of "savage" or "gallows" humor.
↑ Thomas Leclair (1975) Death and Black Humor in Critique, Vol. 17, 1975
↑ Rowe, W. Woodin (1974). "Observations on Black Humor in Gogol' and Nabokov". The Slavic and East European Journal. 18 (4): 392–399. JSTOR 306869.
↑ Merhi, Vanessa M. (2006) Distortion as identity from the grotesque to l'humour noir
1 2 Merriam-Webster, Inc (1995) Merriam-Webster's encyclopedia of literature, entry black humor, p.144
↑ Bloom, Harold (2010) Dark Humor, ch. On dark humor in literature, pp.82
↑ James Carter Talking Books: Children's Authors Talk About the Craft, Creativity and Process of Writing, Volume 2 p.97 Routledge, 2002
Comedic device
Comic timing
Impersonator
Prank call
Visual gag
Screwball
Ancient Greek comedy
Comédie-Italienne
Theatre of ancient Rome
Mo lei tau
Kyōgen
Owarai
Sarugaku
Boulevard theatre
Comedy of humours
Comedy of menace
Macchietta
One-person show
Restoration comedy
Sentimental comedy
Comédie larmoyante
Shakespearean comedy
Theatre of the Absurd
Ballad opera
Café-chantant
Café-théâtre
Comédie-ballet
Opéra bouffe
Opera buffa
Opéra comique
Heroic bloodshed
Hong Kong action
Commedia all'italiana
Commedia sexy all'italiana
Bromantic
Gross out
Social guidance
Sword-and-sandal
Occult detective
Pulp noir
Tech noir
German underground
Hixploitation
Mumblegore
New French Extremity
Psycho-biddy
Musicarello
Sceneggiata
Planetary romance
Transgressive
Cinema of Transgression
Body swap
Bourekas
Buddy cop
Gentleman thief
Gong'an
Poliziotteschi
Funny animal
Gendai-geki
Goona-goona epic
Jidaigeki
Gun fu
Mexploitation
Mob film
Mafia comedy
Gokudō
Jiangshi
Mouth of Garbage
Muslim social
Outlaw biker
Rape and revenge
Rubble
Bavarian porn
Mexican sex comedy
Nazi exploitation
Pornochanchada
Nunsploitation
Sex report
Shomin-geki
Sword and sorcery
Macaroni / Euro
revisionist
Zombie comedy
or period
Australian New Wave
Auteur films
Berlin School
Brighton School
British New Wave
Kitchen sink realism
Budapest school
Cannibal boom
Cinéma du look
Cinema Novo
Cinéma pur
Documentary Film Movement
Dogme 95
Erra Cinema
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Film gris
Free Cinema
French New Wave
German Expressionist
German underground horror
Nigerian Golden Age
Grupo Cine Liberación
Hollywood on the Tiber
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Iranian New Wave
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Kammerspielfilm
L.A. Rebellion
Letterist
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New Nigerian
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No wave
Nuevo Cine Mexicano
Parallel Cinema
Persian Film
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Praška filmska škola
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Soviet Parallel
Telefoni Bianchi
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Yugoslav Black Wave
Guy-cry
Woman's
By format,
technique,
approach,
or production
Actuality
Classical Hollywood cinema
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Database cinema
Docufiction
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Film à clef
Film-poem
Hyperlink cinema
Guerrilla filmmaking
Interstitial art
Low-budget
Major studio
Message picture
Meta-film
Mockbuster
Musical short
Mythopoeia
No budget
Paracinema
Participatory
Postmodernist
Semidocumentary
Shinpa


A rushing waterfall veils the entrance of the Canal du Rhône au Rhin. The waterfall is linked to a sensor that reacts to the presence of visitors, hence the waterfall ceases as someone approaches, opening the entrance and allowing the visitor to discover the tunnel – either by boat or by foot, using the foot-bridges on each side of the canal. Inside, a white neon light installation criss-crosses along the tunnel, resembling the light reflections on the water's surface, the neon itself joins these reflections on the water's surface. The interval between the light beams running along the length of the tunnel is quite short, thus their repeated rhythm escorts the visitor through the canal.


text:
Joe Cimperman Won't Get Jail Time for 26 Misdemeanors
Sam Allard / Scene
Joe Cimperman gets another big sendoff at Monday's caucus. McCormack (L), says he has big shoes to fill.
Former Cleveland City Councilman Joe Cimperman was sentenced Tuesday afternoon to 12 months of probation and 100 hours of community service for 26 misdemeanors.
Cimperman had previously plead guilty to all 26 counts, stemming from his votes on city contracts that went to LAND Studio, formerly ParkWorks. The popular local design firm employed his wife, Nora Romanoff, and counted Cimperman among its board members.
Cimperman will also pay a $10,000 fine and court costs, per an agreement with the Auditor of State's Office.
Judge Michael Russo sentenced Cimperman to 12 months in county jail, (6 months for each count, all but two of which would be served concurrently), but suspended the jail time. Cimperman will have to report monthly as part of his probation.
Russo said that Cimperman's career of public service and his contributions to making the city of Cleveland and Cuyahoga County more vibrant, to say nothing of his community support, outweighed his "regrettable lapse in judgement."
"I hope you emerge from this with a better understanding of yourself and respect for the community," Russo said.
In a statement, Cimperman took full responsibility for his actions. He said that he was embarrassed and ashamed and has woken up every day regretting those votes.
"This is not who I wanted to be," Cimperman said. "This is a cautionary tale, one that I replay over and over in my head... Your honor, I hope you understand how sorry I am. I humbly apologize."
Cimperman's lawyer, Roger Synenberg, argued that neither Cimpeman nor his wife personally profited from his votes and that not a single one of the votes was deciding. In fact, all 26 were unanimous. Synenberg also referenced the high praise from elected and community members and asked Judge Russo to consider the price that Cimperman and his family have already paid in public humiliation.
Stephanie Anderson, speaking on behalf of the state, argued that while Cimperman may not have received tangible benefits, Nora Romanoff arguably did. Her salary increased from around $53,000 in 2006 to more than $125,000 in 2016. Anderson said that the public contracts on which Cimperman voted must be considered part of Romanoff's "body of work," a characterization to which Synenberg objected. Synenberg also stressed that Romanoff's salary increased so significantly because she went from part-time to full-time status.
Anderson argued that while LAND Studio, and Cimperman himself, have provided benefits to Cleveland — "it's undisputed," she said — the court must dole out a punishment that reflects the seriousness of public corruption. She also said that there may have been other companies that might have liked to bid on the contracts in question but were denied the opportunity because of the city's clear preference.
"When City Council goes in on completely unanimous votes on 26 separate occasions, that's a deterrent for innovation in the City of Cleveland," Anderson said. "That's why we need to send a message that corruption in public service is unacceptable."
Russo, in his sentencing remarks, said that Cimperman's corruption was not of the same "breadth or scope" of other cases in recent Cuyahoga County memory.
The courtroom was packed with Cimperman supporters, including current councilman and Cimperman replacement Kerry McCormack, Council President Kevin Kelley, and Ward 15 Councilman Matt Zone. W. 25th Street restaurateur Sam McNulty was also present.
Scene & Heard Joe Cimperman Cleveland City Council Corruption LAND Studio Michael Russo 26 counts


Evie and Keith returned to the UK in July 2018 for another run of superbly entertaining dates, finishing up triumphantly with their wonderful workshops and performance at WOMAD Festival!
Multi-talented singer, songwriter, clawhammer banjo player and step-dancer Evie Ladin is a sensational live performer. She grew up surrounded by traditional folk music in the North Eastern USA. Playing banjo from the age of 8 and clogging since she was just 5, Evie is steeped in Appalachian music and dance, but also brings an urban edge and contemporary vision to her music. Now based in California, Evie was formerly the driving force behind Bay Area all-female string band The Stairwell Sisters. Trained as a jazz drummer and known for his work in contemporary Body Music, talented musician & dancer Keith Terry takes care of percussive duties on double bass, cajon and more, with clever lines and unusual grooves. He's the founder of the International Body Music festival and a spectacular proponent of the art of body percussion. Together, Evie and Keith create a mesmerising live show full of variety, a hugely entertaining mix of American roots music, song and dance. Evie and Keith are both experienced music and dance tutors and are also available to lead music/dance workshops while in the UK.


text:
WIPO Blog (SCCR 35) Day 3 – Crews Control and Action Plans
With our unusually large contingent at this SCCR, the IPA team was able to attend a number of simultaneous meetings today, even before the SCCR morning session began. Some of us were at the meeting convened by WIPO to come up with a set of non-binding principles relating to the functioning of Collective Management Organisations; while others attended a high-level briefing by the USA delegation; and still others were at a joint meeting of the so-called Group B (developed) countries and the Central European and Baltic States (CEBS) group. The IPA was joined by other Creative Sector Organisations for the latter. These meetings are essential opportunities for dialogue but this morning the Members States were mostly playing it safe and giving very little away.
When the SCCR proper finally got under way at 10:00am, we immediately started discussing exceptions and limitations for libraries, archives and education, including in particular draft Action Plans that had been prepared by the WIPO Secretariat. A good summary of all the plans is provided by the website IP Watch here. The IPA intervened on the draft Action Plan through our representative at the SCCR, Ted Shapiro, who is a Partner and Head of the Brussels Office of the law firm Wiggin. Ted said:
'We would like to reiterate our view that the current international legal framework provides ample flexibility for Member States to enact exceptions and limitations consistent with their own legal traditions. It goes without saying that exceptions and limitations, which are legal defences to what are otherwise infringements of copyright, have a profound impact on all rightholders as well as other stakeholders. The Berne Convention/TRIPS/WCT three-step test provides the means for measuring this impact – which is why it is applied internationally and nationally both by legislatures and courts.
We believe that the draft action plan, while some details may need further clarification, provides a useful basis for a number of activities that could support exchange of info and capacity building that can inform countries — including, in particular, developing nations — in their efforts to ensure balanced national copyright laws consistent with the international framework. The IPA stands ready to participate in conferences and provide both legal and commercial experts to assist.
Peace love and copyright.'
Publishing Industry SCCR IPA team SCCR morning session SCCR 35 WIPO


text:
Quotes \ Authors \ Italian Authors \ Niccolo Machiavelli
Facts about Niccolo Machiavelli
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Niccolo Machiavelli (born as Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli in Florence, Italy, died in Florence, Italy) was a famous Writer from Italy, who lived between May 3, 1469 and June 21, 1527.
Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli was an Italian writer, statesman, diplomat and philosopher. He lived in Florence in the Renaissance period and was one of this period's most important people. State Chancellor of the Republican government in 1498-1512, when he was deposed and imprisoned by the Medici who then came back to power. He worked his way up again to a central position and influence in Florence.
The year after he came out of prison, his major work Il Principe (The Prince) (1513) released and later discussions of the first ten books of Titus Livy (1513-21).
Today, perhaps Machiavelli is best known for its treatment of the concept of power. This was recorded in the book The Prince. The book is written as a voice for an upcoming first presents itself as a practical guide for managers in the use of force - hence the name - as a philosophical discussion of the concept of power.
Machiavelli's approach to power is just as relevant today as in the 1500s, although his thoughts on the subject now being criticized by some for being cynical. Machiavelli makes it clear that a ruler has the right to use all means in the state's interest, but this requires an impeccable personal ethics, and that the state's interests and the Prince's personal interests must be sharply separated.
The phrase "the purpose justifies the means" is often attributed to Machiavelli, but it's not a quote from him, rather one of several possible, and perhaps a somewhat extreme interpretation of his work, The Prince and ignores key elements of his discussion.
He has also written historical works and social satirical comedies.
Zodiac etc.
He is born under the zodiac taurus, who is known for Security, Subtle strength, Appreciation, Instruction, Patience. Our collection contains 48 quotes who is written / told by Niccolo, under the main topics: Business, War.
Related authors: Titus
Source / external links:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccolo_Machiavelli
Famous quotes by Niccolo Machiavelli (48)
"Hence it comes about that all armed Prophets have been victorious, and all unarmed Prophets have been destroyed"
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"He who wishes to be obeyed must know how to command"
"Hatred is gained as much by good works as by evil"
"God is not willing to do everything, and thus take away our free will and that share of glory which belongs to us"
"For among other evils caused by being disarmed, it renders you contemptible; which is one of those disgraceful things which a prince must guard against"
"Entrepreneurs are simply those who understand that there is little difference between obstacle and opportunity and are able to turn both to their advantage"
"Benefits should be conferred gradually; and in that way they will taste better"
"Before all else, be armed"
"A wise ruler ought never to keep faith when by doing so it would be against his interests"
"A son can bear with equanimity the loss of his father, but the loss of his inheritance may drive him to despair"
"A return to first principles in a republic is sometimes caused by the simple virtues of one man. His good example has such an influence that the good men strive to imitate him, and the wicked are ashamed to lead a life so contrary to his example"
"A prince never lacks legitimate reasons to break his promise"
"No enterprise is more likely to succeed than one concealed from the enemy until it is ripe for execution"
"There is no avoiding war; it can only be postponed to the advantage of others"
"The fact is that a man who wants to act virtuously in every way necessarily comes to grief among so many who are not virtuous"
"Politics have no relation to morals"
"When you disarm the people, you commence to offend them and show that you distrust them either through cowardice or lack of confidence, and both of these opinions generate hatred"
"Whosoever desires constant success must change his conduct with the times"
"Princes and governments are far more dangerous than other elements within society"
"One who deceives will always find those who allow themselves to be deceived"
"We cannot attribute to fortune or virtue that which is achieved without either"
"The first method for estimating the intelligence of a ruler is to look at the men he has around him"
"There is nothing more difficult to take in hand, more perilous to conduct, or more uncertain in its success, than to take the lead in the introduction of a new order of things"
"There is no surer sign of decay in a country than to see the rites of religion held in contempt"
"There are three kinds of intelligence: one kind understands things for itself, the other appreciates what others can understand, the third understands neither for itself nor through others. This first kind is excellent, the second good, and the third kind useless"
"The wish to acquire more is admittedly a very natural and common thing; and when men succeed in this they are always praised rather than condemned. But when they lack the ability to do so and yet want to acquire more at all costs, they deserve condemnation for their mistakes"
"The wise man does at once what the fool does finally"
"The promise given was a necessity of the past: the word broken is a necessity of the present"
"The one who adapts his policy to the times prospers, and likewise that the one whose policy clashes with the demands of the times does not"
"The new ruler must determine all the injuries that he will need to inflict. He must inflict them once and for all"
"The more sand has escaped from the hourglass of our life, the clearer we should see through it"
"One change always leaves the way open for the establishment of others"
"Of mankind we may say in general they are fickle, hypocritical, and greedy of gain"
"Never was anything great achieved without danger"
"Nature that framed us of four elements, warring within our breasts for regiment, doth teach us all to have aspiring minds"
"Men shrink less from offending one who inspires love than one who inspires fear"
"Men should be either treated generously or destroyed, because they take revenge for slight injuries - for heavy ones they cannot"
"Men rise from one ambition to another: first, they seek to secure themselves against attack, and then they attack others"
"Men ought either to be indulged or utterly destroyed, for if you merely offend them they take vengeance, but if you injure them greatly they are unable to retaliate, so that the injury done to a man ought to be such that vengeance cannot be feared"
"Men are so simple and yield so readily to the desires of the moment that he who will trick will always find another who will suffer to be tricked"
"Men are so simple and so much inclined to obey immediate needs that a deceiver will never lack victims for his deceptions"
"It is not titles that honor men, but men that honor titles"
"It is necessary for him who lays out a state and arranges laws for it to presuppose that all men are evil and that they are always going to act according to the wickedness of their spirits whenever they have free scope"
"It is much more secure to be feared than to be loved"
"It is double pleasure to deceive the deceiver"
"It is better to be feared than loved, if you cannot be both"
"If an injury has to be done to a man it should be so severe that his vengeance need not be feared"
"I'm not interested in preserving the status quo; I want to overthrow it"