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auto repair brooklyn - new york car ac repair | new millennium motors inc.
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mercedes service houston, call now for a free quote: 1-713-781-7825. texas international motors has offered 5 stars european auto repair service since 1977.
s.f. smith motor vehicle engineers are a professional mot centre that offer competitively priced servicing and car repair in lichfield, staffordshire, and surrounding areas.
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brakes wear out over time and require regular service. how long your brakes last is based on several factors including, driving and road conditions, driver braking behavior and the make and model of your vehicle.
our fully trained professionals have been servicing chicagoland for over 20 years. available 24/7, we repair pumps from bell & gossett, armstrong, grundfos, ingersoll rand, allis chalmers, taco and more.
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north walsham garden centre is an independent family run business located on the outskirts of a small market town 15 miles north east of norwich on the b1150. we pride ourselves on helpful service, friendly staff and horticultural expertise.
tvs automobile solutions, is indias largest multi-brand car service network and offers a bouquet of services to car customers.
autohaus is your local autocentre offering an unrivalled service right from our easy to find and access garage in the heart of luton. being one of the most trusted autocentres in bedforshire means we should be your first choice autocentre no matter what area you're from may that be milton keynes, bedford or dunstable. our service caters for all vehicle models, and so whatever your vehicle may be you can be rest assured that we can cater to your needs. we also offer cheap mots, inspections, wheel alignment, oil upgrades, air conditioning, testing, servicing and much more.
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we specialise in accident repair and strive to deliver a professional and competitive customer focused service. we also have our own service centre and forecourts selling jet fuel and each having their own shopping facilities.
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mot testing, car repairs, exhaust replacement, tyres and car servicing by fully qualified car mechanics .
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automotive maintenance, car care, servicing and care.
with over 14 years of establishment troon motors is the place for all your servicing needs including mechanical repairs, mot testing and custom vehicle tuning.
john duignan motors are based right in the heart of longford town. we offer used cars for sale, car servicing, new & part worn tyres and a 24 hour tow truck. nct pre-testing is a speciality.
marty's motors is your one-stop premier auto repair and service shop serving el cerrito, albany and richmond, ca areas since 1975. call us at 510-374-4279.
value motors north dublin has cheapest prices in dublin. we offer complete car diagnostics, full car servicing, brakes, fluid exchange and more. click to valuemotors.ie to find out.
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autotech provides expert automotive repair services for the riverside area. we are also a smog test certified station, bbb a+ rated and ase certified.
rising sun motors, rated one of the best three repair facilities in the washington area is dedicated to giving the finest service humanly possible at a fair price.
abc motors is the sole distributor for mauritius of nissan motor co. ltd. the company has the biggest facilities for vehicle repairs and spare parts availability on the island. abc motors co. ltd has been the market leader in terms of units of vehicles sold for the past years in mauritius.
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sv techno (contact no - 9246344429, 040 - 65444429) is hyderabad's leading repair and service provider for ac (air conditioners), washing machines, refrigerators and microwave oven.
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garage in harlow offer car servicing, repairs, brakes and tyres fittings at rjs motors. to get immediate and mobile services call at 01279 444423 or visit website.
professional workmanship to the last detail. our aim is to continually set new standards of quality control and customer care, by ensuring an accident repair service which exceeds all expectations whilst providing a fully guaranteed, quality repair to manufacturers standards. whether it is small dent, a minor bump or major accident damage we guarantee to repair your car to the highest possible standards and return it to you swiftly.
tonson is in the business of design, manufacture and distribution of extensive array of air motors (both piston & vane air motors), processing equipment (air mixers, air fans, pressure tanks, pumps, spray guns, vibratorstc.), material handling equipment (air balancers, air hoists, air winches, drum handlers, drum lifters) and custom engineering products globally with iso 9001.
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Kept From The Classroom: When Your Health Impacts Your Education
When a student has to withdraw from classes because of an emergency or illness, policies on campus require several forms and documents be provided to ensure appropriate arrangements are made at an administrative level.
Infographic made on Canva by Olivia Schouten – News Editor
Depending on how far along in the semester a California Lutheran University student needs to withdraw, they may be responsible for up to 100 percent of their tuition for the incomplete credits.
After that date, the only way to withdraw from classes is through a medical exemption approved by Vice President for Student Affairs and Dean of Students Melinda Roper and processed through the Registrar's office.
The tuition withdrawal policy has a separate time frame than the academic calendar. If a student must withdraw from campus within the first two weeks of classes, they will receive an 80 percent refund of their tuition and maintain responsibility of the remaining 20 percent. A withdrawal during the third or fourth week results in a 40 percent refund of tuition and student responsibility for the remaining 60 percent. After the sixth week of classes, students are responsible for 100 percent of their tuition and room and board fees to the university.
If a student has taken out personal or federal loans to attend school, withdrawal may have further implications for loan remittance and repayment options.
Sarah Girgis, a Cal Lutheran '18 alumna who now works as a campaign manager for U.S. consumer print marketing at HP Inc., was gone from school for a year after being diagnosed with a rare form of soft-tissue and osteosarcoma cancer.
Although Girgis did not have to leave classes mid-semester, she ran into the problem that she would be expected to start paying off loans after being out of school for more than six months. Not to mention, her family had expenses—from medical bills to buying a new mattress after marrow transplants that left Girgis laying on her dog's bed, the softest spot in the house.
Girgis said her adviser Ryan Medders, a communication professor, and mentor Molly George, a criminology and criminal justice professor, began seeking out other options.
"Molly George talked to everyone…of course Cal Lu was like, 'Sorry, we can't help you,'" Girgis said. "Except, I could be a part-time student."
Girgis set up a research project that she could work on while receiving treatment, examining her own experiences and "the sociology of being sick." These credits kept her from having to begin paying loans, but resulted in higher tuition costs since her scholarships would no longer apply as a part-time student.
Girgis said in regards to her scholarships, the financial aid office would give "no forgiveness or acknowledgment" of her condition, but she realizes that they need to be "extremely impartial" with student's cases.
"Praise Jesus, we did a GoFundMe, and it went viral," said Girgis, who explained that between savings meant for traveling after graduation, donations and the help of a family friend, her tuition and a substantial portion of medical expenses were covered.
Because she went part-time, Girgis also graduated on time in four years.
The academic calendar allows students to withdraw from a class up until approximately the tenth week of the semester and receive a 'W' that does not affect their GPA, but shows up on transcripts.
In an email interview regarding the medical withdrawal process, Roper wrote, "Students are asked to complete a brief medical withdrawal request form and to provide a statement detailing the reason for the request. Finally, medical documentation and a statement from a treating physician in support of the request is also required."
Roper noted that medical withdrawals may be denied without sufficient documentation of the medical issue, but students have other options for withdrawing through the Registrar's office.
If a student registers for a class but does not complete any withdrawal procedures with Roper or Registrar and does not complete the course, they receive a 'UW', which is an uncompleted withdrawal and reads as an 'F' on their transcripts. In addition to the decrease in GPA, there are more severe financial implications for withdrawing late in the semester.
Angela Naginey, Cal Lutheran's senior director of student success, said that students are able to use medical withdrawal procedures for a wide variety of health-related circumstances.
"The most important thing is that students take the time needed to take care of themselves," Naginey said.
Naginey, who also serves on the Campus Awareness Referral and Education (CARE) team, said students may not realize how the medical exemption may be applied and that the definition of 'medical' can be very broad. If a student needs urgent physical or psychological care, they may qualify for medical leave, but students who have a death in the family or need to take time off to care for a relative may also seek medical leave at any point if it becomes necessary.
"I always tell students that we're not going anywhere…When you're ready [to return], I'm your contact," Naginey said.
Students intending to return to the university after their leave receive communication provided to all students and, in special circumstances, additional outreach. Students may take up to one semester without having to reapply for admittance to Cal Lutheran. After the second semester, former students are required to fill out a one-page re-admittance application to get their credits in order.
Girgis said it was important that she had people on her side who helped her throughout the process of managing her classes and finances while she was battling cancer and undergoing chemotherapy.
"Medical leave on college campuses is completely misunderstood overall," Girgis said. "It is so amazing I had faculty I was close to that were advocates for me."
By Dakota Allen
Katherine Lippert
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Career Services is 'student focused' with weekly events and programs
CLU's Thousand Oaks campus sees an increase in COVID-19 cases
International Education Week helps in 'promoting global understanding'
CLU sets out to 'have more international students'
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Gallery: Activism Creations provides outlet for advocates
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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SVG owes $141m under PetroCaribe
St. Vincent and the Grenadines (SVG) owes EC$141 million to Venezuela under PetroCaribe, an oil alliance of some Caribbean and Latin American nations with Venezuela to purchase oil on conditions of preferential payment.
"In the aggregate, it is 141 million dollars, comprising 62 million dollars plus, as indicated in the debt profile to IADC (International Airport Development Company), just over 60 million dollars in the central government, and other monies as I have just indicated when I read out the entire printout, including over eight million dollars in cash balances," Prime Minister and Minister of Finance Ralph Gonsalves told Parliament.
SVG received its first shipment of petroleum products under PetroCaribe in December 2005, on the eve of the general elections, and has since received diesel and some liquefied petroleum products under the agreement on a regular basis.
Gonsalves, making a ministerial statement, told lawmakers that when the price of oil is between US$15 and US $20 a barrel, countries that have signed on to PetroCaribe must pay within 90 days for 95 per cent of the oil that the receive from Venezuela.
The remaining 5 per cent can be repaid over 25 years at 2 per cent interest.
Conversely, when the price of oil rises to more than US$100 a barrel 50-50, 50 per cent is paid within 90 days and 50 per cent over 25 years.
Gonsalves said that during the first three years of the agreement, the state-owned electricity company in SVG, VINLEC, was not invoiced for the fuel it received under PetroCaribe.
The monies were placed in an account and when everything was resolved, all the money for the short-term portion went to PDVSA SVG — one of two state companies established in SVG to facilitate the PetroCaribe agreement, and the other EC$14 million went to the government.
The government has received all invoices from 2009 to August 2014, Gonsalves said, adding that in the earlier years, SVG imported less than 100,000 of oil a year.
In 2013, however, the country imported 171,000 barrels at a cost of EC$50.6 million, Gonsalves said.
Of that amount, EC$33.8 million went to the government as a loan.
Up to August 2014, SVG had imported 141,000 barrels this year, at a cost of EC$48.5 million, with EC$26.3 million going to the government as a loan.
Initially, only VINLEC purchased oil under the PetroCaribe agreement, but petroleum dealer, Sol, has come on board.
Gonsalves said PetroCaribe SVG has told him that VINLEC buys 10,000 plus barrel a month, and Sol 6,000 barrels.
He said that contrary to what has happened in some other countries participating in the PetroCaribe initiative, SVG has paid fully all the short-term debt.
Between 2010 to August 2014, EC$95.1 million has been paid on the short-term portion, while EC$5.97 million, including principal and interest has been paid on the long-term debt, EC$760,000 of which was for interest, Gonsalves told lawmakers.
"I must say that there has been a continued discussion about the financed portion with VINLEC which has come over, and we are sorting that out with PDVSA. There are some bureaucratic rules, but it is money which has come to us, come to the government."
He told lawmakers that SVG is
"absolutely not" in default, and listed 31 projects and programmes in SVG that have been financed using the PetroCaribe loan.
Gonsalves' ministerial statement came ahead of a question by Leader of the Opposition Arnhim Eustace about SVG debt under PetroCaribe as at June 30th; where it is recorded in terms as on the National Debt given its not recorded in the Estimates for 2014; and the amount repaid in interest and principal under the loan facility and where it is recorded in the National Debt Records.
Gonsalves told lawmakers that all but one of the Organisation of Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) countries said they do not put the PetroCaribe debt in the debt profile.
He said one of the OECS capitals has told him that it is yet to determine how the PetroCaribe debt will be handled.
Without PetroCaribe monies, SVG would have been able to house persons displaced by the extreme weather last Christmas, would not have been able to give farmers EC$6 million in loans at 2 per cent interest, and would not have been able to finance the Support for Education and Training (SET) programme, a paid internship for community college and university graduates.
Gonsalves said his government will continue to be responsible with the resources from PetroCaribe, will honour the agreement signed in 2005, and will function with the local companies under the initiative in the manner in which they were set up.
3 replies on "SVG owes $141m under PetroCaribe"
Dr. Dexter Lewis says:
23rd December 2014 at 10:34 AM
have someone handling your money but cannot give you a straight succinct statement of your account then you must know something is wrong. Very wrong. If that is one of your employees you send them on vacation and bring in a forensic accountant.
Otherwise you might be screwed.
Gonsalves, making a ministerial statement…So right away you know what he saying is a lie.
If Mr. Eustace, didn't uncover this mess, it would have been business usual for this government.
Why would a government cover up a 141 million dollar debt, if it is been used for public good?
Peter Binose says:
May be there is a mistake and it's actually 1.4 billion.
Camilo we shouldn't jump to conclusions, but your probably spot on right.
Doc, if Gonsalves is found have lied on this matter can anything be done to him in the future?
No not physically , legally.
Can he be prosecuted for anything like lying about such a matter?


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Debugging high throughput, low-latency C/C++ systems in production is hard. At Google we developed XRay, a function call tracing system that allows Google engineers to get accurate function call traces with negligible overhead when off and moderate overhead when on, suitable for services deployed in production. XRay enables efficient function call entry/exit logging with high accuracy timestamps, and can be dynamically enabled and disabled. This white paper describes the XRay tracing system and its implementation. It also describes future plans with open sourcing XRay and engaging open source communities.
built from containerized software components.
virtue of the walls they erect at the container boundary.
where they are used more reliable.
This article focuses on the real life challenges of managing data processing pipelines of depth and complexity. It considers the frequency continuum between periodic pipelines that run very infrequently through continuous pipelines that never stop running, and discusses the discontinuities that can produce significant operational problems. A fresh take on the master-slave model is presented as a more reliable and better scaling alternative to the periodic pipeline for processing Big Data.
Former SRE on optimal alerting processes.
Pages should be urgent, important, actionable, and real.
They should represent either ongoing or imminent problems with your service.
Err on the side of removing noisy alerts – over-monitoring is a harder problem to solve than under-monitoring.
You should almost always be able to classify the problem into one of: availability & basic functionality; latency; correctness (completeness, freshness and durability of data); and feature-specific problems.
Symptoms are a better way to capture more problems more comprehensively and robustly with less effort.
Include cause-based information in symptom-based pages or on dashboards, but avoid alerting directly on causes.
The further up your serving stack you go, the more distinct problems you catch in a single rule. But don't go so far you can't sufficiently distinguish what's going on.
If you want a quiet oncall rotation, it's imperative to have a system for dealing with things that need timely response, but are not imminently critical.
Excellent talk about apocalypse-level disaster testing. Video in the link.
Google has long had a culture of causing failures to its systems intentionally to find failures and fix them before they happen in an uncontrolled manner. Along the way, we built up several supporting components that need to get addressed on the way: failure automation, response to incidents, learning from postmortems and failure prevention. This talk pulls together learnings (and war stories) from the entire lifecycle.


text:
Journal of Computer and Communications
Vol.05 No.02(2017), Article ID:74042,11 pages
10.4236/jcc.2017.52003
Comparison of Ontology-Based Semantic-Similarity Measures in the Biomedical Text
Ahmad Fayez S. Althobaiti
Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Copyright © 2017 by author and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
Received: January 17, 2017; Accepted: February 6, 2017; Published: February 9, 2017
In recent years, there are many types of semantic similarity measures, which are used to measure the similarity between two concepts. It is necessary to define the differences between the measures, performance, and evaluations. The major contribution of this paper is to choose the best measure among different similarity measures that give us good result with less error rate. The experiment was done on a taxonomy built to measure the semantic distance between two concepts in the health domain, which are represented as nodes in the taxonomy. Similarity measures methods were evaluated relative to human experts' ratings. Our experiment was applied on the ICD10 taxonomy to determine the similarity value between two concepts. The similarity between 30 pairs of the health domains has been evaluated using different types of semantic similarity measures equations. The experimental results discussed in this paper have shown that the Hoa A. Nguyen and Hisham Al-Mubaid measure has achieved high matching score by the expert's judgment.
Semantic Similarity Measure, Structure-Based Measures, Edge-Counting, Feature-Based Measures, Hybrid Measures, ICD-10, MeSH Ontology
Semantic similarity between concepts is a method to measure the semantic simi- larity or the semantic distance between two concepts according to a given ontology. The semantic similarity measuring techniques can be classified into three classes as follows. The first measure semantic similarity by using ontology or taxonomy (e.g. Word Net, UMLS/ICD10) to calculate the distance between the concept nodes in the ontology tree or hierarchy [1] . The second class of techniques uses training corpora and information content (IC) to estimate the semantic similarity and relatedness between two concepts. The third class simply includes the techniques that employ a combination from the first two classes. Measures of semantic similarity and relatedness are used in applications such as information extraction and retrieval, classification and ranking, detection of redundancy, detection and correction of malapropisms. In this paper, we analyze an ontology-based semantic similarity measure and apply it in the biomedical domain, using ICD10 as knowledge sources.
2. Background and Related Work
2.1. UMLS and ICD10
The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) project started at the National Library of Medicine (NLM) in 1986.It consists of three main knowledge sources: first: Metathesaurus consists of more than 1 million biomedical concepts from over 130 sources and supports 17 languages. Second: Semantic Network contains 135 broach categories and 54 relationships between categories. Third: SPECIA- LIST Lexicon & Lexical Tools includes lexical information and programs for processing language [2] . In Metathesaurus of UMLS 2005AB (June 2005), there are 133 source vocabularies classified into 73 families. They have multiple translations (e.g., MeSH, ICPC, and ICD-10) and have many variants (American-Bri- tish equivalents, Australian extension/adaptation) [2] .
ICD10 stands for International Classification Diseases 10th revision: An international standard used to classify diseases and other health problems adopted by World Health Organization (WHO) [3] . The newest edition (ICD-10) is divided into 21 chapters: (Infections, Neoplasm, Blood Diseases, Endocrine Diseases, etc.), and denote about 14,000 classes of diseases and related problems.
2.2. ICD10 Taxonomy
The first character of the ICD code is a letter, and each letter is associated with a particular chapter, except for the letter D, which is used in both Chapter II, Neo- plasm, and Chapter III, Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism, and the letter H, which is used in both Chapter VII, Diseases of the eye and adnexa and Chapter VIII, Dis- eases of the ear and mastoid process. Four chapters (Chapters I, II, XIX, and XX) use more than one letter in the first position of their codes. Each chapter contains sufficient three-character categories to cover its content; not all available codes are used, allowing space for future revision and expansion. Chapters I-XVII relate to diseases and other morbid conditions, and Chapter XIX to injuries, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes. The remaining chapters complete the range of subject matter nowadays included in diagnostic data. Chapter XVIII covers Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified. Chapter XX, External causes of morbidity and mortality, was traditionally used to classify causes of injury and poisoning, but, since the Ninth Revision, has also provided for any recorded external cause of diseases and other morbid conditions. Finally, Chapter XXI, Factors influencing health status and contact with health services, is intended for the classification of data explaining the reason for contact with health-care services of a person not currently sick, or the circumstances in which the patient is receiving care at that particular time or otherwise having some bearing on that person's care. The chapters are subdivided into homogeneous "blocks" of three-character categories. Most of the three character categories are subdivided by means of a fourth, numeric character after a decimal point, allowing up to 10 subcategories [3] . We have used the following taxonomy in order to measure the similarity between the health domain types which is being re- presented as nodes in the taxonomy. In our experiment, the similarity is measured using different types of semantic measures. From the evaluation result, the best measure will be used in our benchmark model. Figure 1 below describes ICD10 nodes:
2.3. Related Work
Several methods and a lot of research work for determining semantic similarity measures have been proposed in the last few decades, the similarity between two concepts/nodes is also called as relatedness. To measure the relatedness of two concepts C1 and C2, researchers have used many methods in these two appro- aches that can be classified into two categories: the first one is based on the graph, using distance concept's that mainly considers the lengths of the paths connecting the concepts.
Rada [5] defined the conceptual distance between two words in the "is-a" hierarchy relationships as the length of the shortest path connecting the two
Figure 1. Fragment of the ICD-10 taxonomy [4] .
words. In this measure the semantic distance is computed by counting the number of edges between concepts in the taxonomy. The experiments were conducted using MeSH (Medical Subject Headings-Biomedical ontology) onto- logy.
Resnik [6] is the first person who employed Information content to calculate semantic similarity in the "IS-A" hierarchy relationship. He proposed that the more information content two words share, the more similar they are. Following Resnik's method, several other measures were proposed.
Lin [7] the authors of this work have proposed a measure based on an ontology restricted to hierarchic links and a corpus. This similarity takes into account the information shared by two concepts like Resnik, but the difference between them is in the definition. The definition contains the same components as Resnik measure but the combination is not a difference.
3. Semantic Similarity Measures for Single Ontology
In this paper, we focus only on these semantic similarity measures that used ontology as a primary information source. The main semantic measures could be classified into Structure-based measures and Information content (IC) measures:
3.1. Ontology Structure-Based Similarity Measures
Most of the measures that are based on the structure of the ontology are actually based on: path length/distance (shortest path length) between the two concept nodes, and depth of concept nodes in the ontology/is-a hierarchy tree, e.g. some of the measures are based on Word Net include: path length, Wu & palmer, Lea- cock & Chodorow, Resink, and Lin et al. [8] [9] .
3.1.1. Path Length Based Measures (Shortest Path)
In this method, the similarity measurement among concepts is determined according to the path distance, which separates the concepts on the taxonomy or ontology structure. In this measure the distance between two concepts C1, C2 is computed as the shortest path linking them as estimate distance.
distRada = SP ( C 1 , C 2 ) (1)
Also, asimple edge-counting measure proposed by Rada [5] :
disRada ( c 1 , c 2 ) = N 1 + N 2 (2)
N1 and N2 are the minimum numbers of taxonomical links from c1 to c2 to their LCS, respectively. The similarities between two concepts C1 and C2 can be formulated as follows:
Sim ( c 1 , c 2 ) = 2 * Max − length ( c 1 , c 2 ) (3)
Max is the maximum depth of the taxonomy.
Length (c1, c2) is the shortest path length C1 and C2.
3.1.2. Wu and Palmer Measure
This similarity measure considers the position of C1 and C2 to the position of the most specific common concept C. Several parents can be shared by C1 and C2 by multiple paths. The most specific common concept is the closest common ancestor C (the common parent related with the minimum number of is-a links with concepts C1 and C2) [10] .
Sim ( c 1 , c 2 ) = 2 * N 3 N 1 + N 2 + 2 * N 3 (4)
N1 and N2 are the distance from the specific common concept to concept C1 and C2 respectively. N3 is the depth of the least common subsumer (The least common subsumer, LCS(C1, C2), of two concept nodes C1 and C2 are the lowest nodes that can be a parent for C1 and C2. For example, in Figure 1, (LCS (A00.0, A00.9) = A00 and LCS (A00.0, A09.0) = A00 - A09) of two concepts nodes, and N1, N2 are the path lengths from each concept node to LCS, respectively. From our taxonomy (Figure 1), we can calculate the similarity between concepts C1 and C2as following:
Similarity ( A 00.0 , A 09.0 ) = 2 * 2 2 + 2 + ( 2 * 2 ) = 0.50.
3.1.3. Leacock and Chodorow Measure
In this method, the similarity between two concepts is determined by discovering the shortest path length, which connects these two concepts in the taxonomy/ontology. The similarity is calculated as the negative algorithm of this value. The similarities between two concepts C1 and C2 can be formulated as follows [6] :
Sim LC ( C 1 , C 2 ) = − log log ( sp ( c 1 , c 2 ) 2 ( max _ depth ) ) (5)
max_depth is longest of the shortest path linking concept to concept, which subsumed all others.
From our taxonomy (Figure 1), we can calculate the similarity between concepts C1 and C2 as following:
Similarity ( A 00.0 , A 09.0 ) = = − log log ( 4 2 ( 5 ) ) = 0.3979400086.
3.2. Information Content (IC) Measures
Following is the standard argumentation of information theory [Ross, 1976], the information content of a concept c can be quantified as the negative log like lihood [11] [12] .
IC ( c ) = − log log p ( c ) (6)
IC ( A 00 − A 09 ) = log log ( depth ( C ) ) log log ( deep max ) = log log ( 2 ) log log ( 5 ) = 0.43067655807.
3.2.1. Resink Measure
In this measure, the similarity of two concepts (c1, c2) is defined as the Information Content (IC) of their LCS, as shown in the following Equation (7):
Sim Re s ( C 1 , C 2 ) = − log p ( LCS ( C 1 , C 2 ) ) = IC ( LCS ( C 1 , C 2 ) ) (7)
IC ( C ) = log ( depth ( C ) ) log log ( deep max ) (8)
LCS ( A 00.0 , A 00.9 ) = A 00 therefore Simres ( A 00.0 , A 00.9 ) = IC (A00)
IC ( A 00 ) = log log ( depth ( C ) ) log log ( deep max ) = log log ( 3 ) log log ( 5 ) = 0.68260619448.
3.2.2. Lin Similarity Measure
This measure depends on the relation between information content (IC) of the LCS of two concepts and the sum of the information content of the individual concepts [7] [13] .
Simlin ( C 1 , C 2 ) = 2 *simres ( c 1 , c 2 ) IC ( C 1 ) + IC ( C 2 ) (9)
Sim Lin ( A 00.0 , A 09.0 ) = 2 * / ( 1 + 1 ) = 68 .
3.3. Semantic Similarity in the Biomedical Domain
3.3.1. Rada Measure
Rada et al. [5] Proposed semantic distance as a potential measure of semantic similarity between two concepts in MeSH, and implemented the shortest path length measure, called CDist, based on the shortest distance between two concept nodes in the ontology. They evaluated CDist on UMLS Metathesaurus (MeSH, SNOM-ED, ICD9), and compared the CDist similarity scores to human expert scores by correlation coefficients.
3.3.2. Pedersen Measure
Pedersen et al. [1] Proposed semantic similarity and relatedness in the biomedicine domain, by applied a corpus-based context vector approach to measuring thesimilarity between concepts in SNOMED-CT. Their context vector approach is ontology-free but requires training text, for which, they used text data from Mayo Clinic corpus of medical notes.
3.3.3. Nguyen and Al-Mubaid Measure
Hisham Al-Mubaid & Nguyen [14] [15] proposed measure takes the depth of their least common subsume (LCS) and the distance of the shortest path between them. The higher similarity arises when the two conceptsare in the lower level of the hierarchy. Their similarity measure is:
Sim ( c 1 , c 2 ) = log log 2 ( [ l ( c 1 , c 2 ) − 1 ] × [ CSpec ( C 1 , C 2 ) ] + 2 ) (10)
CSpec ( C 1 , C 2 ) = D − depth ( L ( c 1 , c 2 ) )
Depth L(c1, c2) is depth of L(c1, c2) using node counting.
L(c1, c2) is the shortest distance between c1 and c2.
D is the maximum depth of the taxonomy.
The similarity equal 1, where two concept nodes are in the same cluster/ ontology. The maximum value of this measure occurs when one of the concepts is the left-most leaf node, and the other concept is a right leaf node in the tree.
Figure 2 shows the path length between "Cholera [A00]" and "Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers [A01]" is 3 using node counting. The path length between "Cholera due to Vibrio cholerae 01, biovarcholerae [A00.0]" and "Cholera due to Vibrio cholerae 01, biovareditor [A00.1]" is also 3. Thus, the similarity in these two cases is the same by Path length measure. However, the similarity between Cholera [A00]" and "Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers [A01]" is less than the similarity between "Cholera due to Vibrio cholerae 01, biovar cholerae [A00.0]" and "Cholera due to Vibrio cholerae 01, biovareltor [A00.1]" as the latter two concepts lie at a lower level in the hierarchy tree and share more information. However, Table 1 shows that Path length (P.L.), Wu & Palmer, and Leacock & Chodorow (L.C.) produce the same semantic similarity for the two pairs [(A00,
Figure 2. Fragment of ICD-10 ontology.
Table 1. Measure comparison.
A09) and (A00.1, A00.9)], whereas Al-Mubaid & Nyguan measure gives a higher similarity (3.0) for the pair (A00.1, A00.9) as it occurs lower down in the ontology hierarchy than (A00.1, A00.9) which received the lower similarity (1.0). Recall that, in Al-Mubaid & Nyguan Measure, Equation (10), the higher the numeric similarity result between (c1, c2) the lower the semantic similarity between (c1, c2). In Wu & Palmer measure, the path length between two concepts is not used, only depths of concepts are used, consequently, its performance is lower than Al-Mubaid & Nyguan method [15] .
Sim ( A 00.0 , A 00.0 ) = 0 then maximum similarity .
Sim ( A 00 , A 09 ) = log 2 ( [ 3 − 1 ] × [ ( 5 − 2 ) ] ) + 2 = 3.
Sim ( A 00.1 , A 00.9 ) = log 2 ( [ 4 − 1 ] × ( 5 − 5 ) ) + 2 = 1.
4. Experiments and Results
4.1. Datasets
In the biomedical domain, there are no standard human rating sets of terms/ concepts on semantic similarity and relatedness like the M & C or R & G sets for general English [16] . To comparemethods, we borrowed and used the set of 30 concept pairs from Pedersen, Pakhomov, & Patwardhan (2005) [1] , which was annotated by 3 physicians and 9 medical index experts. Each pair was annotated on a 4 point scale: "practically synonymous, related, marginally, and unrelated." The average correlation between physicians is 0.68, and between experts is 0.78.
In this paper, we examine only ontology-only techniques, and we use ICD10 the ontology instead of MeSH. We could find only 21 out of the 30 concept pairs in ICD10 using ICD10 browser ICD-10 Version: 2010
(http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2010/en) as some terms cannot be found, so we used 21 pairs in the experiments (Pedersen et al. [1] tested 29 out of the 30 concept pairs as one pair was not found in SNOMED-CT). The concept pairs in bold, in Table 2, are the ones that contain a term that was not found in ICD10 and we did not include in our experiments.
4.2. Experiments and Results
We implemented the Al-Mubaid & Nyguan's similarity measure and conducted comparisons with four other ontology-based semantic similarity measures. All the measures use node counting for path length and for depth of concept nodes. For the pairs that have a term belongs to more than one category tree, we take into account only its position(s) in the same category with the other term. Table 3 shows for the five measures the results of correlation with human ratings of
Table 2. The test set of 30 medical term pairs sorted in the order of the averaged physi- cian' scores.
Table 3. Absolute values of correlation of the five measures relative to human judgments.
physicians and experts with the ranks between parentheses. These correlation values (in Table 3) show that Al-Mubaid & Nyguan's method is ranked #1 in correlation relative to experts' judgments. But relative to physician judgments, their method scored the second. Because the expert scores are more reliable as the correlation among the expert scores (0.78) is higher than that among the physicians (0.68), and there are more experts than physicians (3 physicians & 9 experts).
5. Conclusion and Future Works
We have compared an ontology-based semantic similarity measure. The experiments presented in this paper have proven the superiority of the Al-Mubaid & Nyguan's method relative to human judgments and compared with other ontology-based measures. In future work of this paper, we intend to explore experiment with applications of semantic relatedness measures to NLP tasks such as wordsense discrimination, information retrieval, and spelling correction, in the biomedical domain. We further use that set to compare taxonomies as well as calculate semantic similarity of two concepts within and across UMLS terminology sources. Finally, we plan to implement a web-based user interface for all these semantic similarity measures and to make it available freely to researchers over the Internet. That will be much helpful for interested researchers in the field of biomedical.
Althobaiti, A.F.S. (2017) Comparison of Ontology-Based Se- mantic-Similarity Measures in the Biome- dical Text. Journal of Computer and Com- munications, 5, 17-27. https://doi.org/10.4236/jcc.2017.52003
1. Pedersen, T., et al. (2007) Measures of Semantic Similarity and Relatedness in the Biomedical Domain. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 40, 288-299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2006.06.004
2. Nguyen, H.A. (2006) New Semantic Similarity Techniques of Concepts Applied in the Biomedical Domain and WordNet. Master Thesis, The University of Houston-Clear Lake.
3. World Health Organization (2016) ICD-10, International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. 5th Edition, Vol. 2.
4. Dogaru, R., et al. (2015) Searching for Taxonomy-Based Similarity Measures for Medical Data. BCI, West University of Timisoara, 214.
5. Rada, R., et al. (1989) Development and Application of a Metric on Semantic Nets. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 17-30. https://doi.org/10.1109/21.24528
6. Meng, et al. (2013) A Review of Semantic Similarity Measures in WordNet. International Journal of Hybrid Information Technology, 1-12.
7. Lin, D. (1993) Principle-Based Parsing without over Generation. Proceedings of the 31st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL'93), Columbus, 112-120.
8. Al-Mubaid, H. and Nguyen, H.A. (2006) A Cluster-Based Approach for Semantic Similarity in the Biomedical Domain. Proceedings of the 28th IEEE, EMBS Annual International Conference, New York, 30 Augugst-3 September 2006, 2713-2717.
9. Batet, M., et al. (2011) An Ontology-Based Measure to Compute Semantic Similarity in Biomedicine. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 44, 118-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2010.09.002
10. Anitha Elavarasi, S., et al. (2014) A Survey on Semantic Similarity Measure. International Journal of Research in Advent Technology, 2.
11. Abdelrahman, A.M.B. and Kayed, A. (2015) A Survey on Semantic Similarity Measures between Concepts in Health Domain. American Journal of Computational Mathematics, 204.
12. Thabet, T.S.S. (2013) Description and Evaluation of Semantic Similarity Measures Approaches. arXiv:1310.8059.
13. Ensan, F. and Du, W.C. (2013) A Semantic Metrics Suite for Evaluating Modular Ontologies. Information Systems, 38, 745-770.
14. Al-Mubaid, H. and Nguyen, H.A. (2009) Measuring Semantic Similarity between Biomedical Concepts within Multiple Ontologies. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics—Part C: Applications and Reviews, 389-397. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMCC.2009.2020689
15. Nguyen, H.A. and Al-Mubaid, H. (2006) New Ontology-Based Semantic Similarity Measure for the Biomedical Domain. IEEE.
16. Rubenstein, H. and Goodenough, J.B. (1965) Contextual Correlates of Synonymy. Communications of the ACM, 627-633.
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Siew Sun earned her doctorate degree in Nutrition and Food Sciences with an emphasis on Community Nutrition and Epidemiology at Utah State University. Her research areas are obesity prevention and youth calcium and bone health. Her interests include innovative nutrition education, especially among low-income families, where she develops and evaluates education games. She is also interested in dietary assessments, Extension program evaluation, and international nutrition. She mentors undergraduate and graduate students to appreciate, enjoy, and excel in interdisciplinary research and Extension. She currently teaches Social Marketing to promote healthy food and nutrition.
M. M. Patton-Lopez, Manore, M. M., Branscum, A. J., Meng, Y., and Wong, S. S., "Changes in Sport Nutrition Knowledge, Attitudes/Beliefs and Behaviors Following a Two-Year Sport Nutrition Education and Life-Skills Intervention among High School Soccer Players.", Nutrients, vol. 10, no. 11, 2018.
T. Perera, Wong, S. S., Frei, B., and Bobe, G., "The Role of School Foodservice Personnel in Nutrition Education: Challenges and Opportunities at U.S. Elementary Schools", Journal of Health Education Research & Development, vol. 03, no. 02, 2015.
S. S. Wong, Boushey, C. J., Novotny, R., and Gustafson, D. R., "Evaluation of a computerized food frequency questionnaire to estimate calcium intake of Asian, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white youth.", Journal of the American Dietetic Association, vol. 108, no. 3, pp. 539-43, 2008.


I'm with you when you say that climate change is the most important issue facing humankind. I'll even go so far as to say it's the most important one ever. But, when I hear folks say—and I have heard it—that the environmental movement is the first in history to stare down an existential threat, I have to get off the train.
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Richard Smith argues for an emergency plan to meet the climate emergency and "do what the science demands before it's too late." This is an abridged version of a paper that will appear in the March 1, 2019 special issue of Real-World Economics Review.


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Choosing Your Divorce Lawyer May Be As Important As Choosing Your Spouse…. – Grossman & Associates, Ltd.
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What retainer do you require up front?Although the retainer should be within your price range, keep in mind that cheaper is not always better.
How often will I receive an accounting of my retainer?The answer should be at least once a month.
Did you feel as though this attorney would take a practical approach to your case?A practical but more expensive attorney is better than a cheaper attorney with no clear game plan.
Were they afraid to tell you something you did not want to hear?
If in the end you still have any confusion about the process, call us, we will help you!


Planning an event? Maybe a disco, concert or private pool party. The Yarra Centre has a space that will accomodate you, with large open court space, 3 pools and a lush lawn area with BBQ facilities. Maybe its time you called us about space for your next special event.
Whether you're planning a concert, disco or private pool party the Yarra Centre has a space that can accommodate you. With a two court stadium, 3 pools, multipurpose room and expansive lush green lawns we have the space that you require to host your next special event. Conveniences such as seating for 50, hot water urns, fridge space and trestle tables available to make your next event easier. Why not contact us about booking one of our spaces?


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About Our Contributors
NutritionInspector is a platform for diet, fitness and nutrition writers and contributors to share unbiased, research backed information about popular trends and products in the health and fitness world.
We never ask any of our writers or contributors to adopt a particular angle or bias but only to give their 100% true opinion on a given topic or product and always back it up with cited scientific research.
Steve Theunissen
Steve Theunissen is a a former gym owner and personal trainer and is the author of six hardcopy books and more than a hundred ebooks on the topics of bodybuilding, fitness and fat loss.
Amanda Roberts
Amanda is a gym instructor and a diet and nutrition fanatic that has reviewed 100s of supplements for the benefit of consumers.
Matt Smith is a fitness and nutrition writer with more than 10 years experience as a personal trainer, and a degree in Sports Science from London Metropolitan University.
John has been a fitness enthusiast for over 10 years, starting out while struggling with obesity as a teenager.
Emily has spent the last 8 years comparing and reviewing supplements, working with dieticians, nutritionists and personal trainers to separate fact from fiction
Steven has researched over 500 weight-loss programs, pills, shakes and diet plans.


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Excitement over major expansion at Radford school
Work should be finished by September
Joshua Hartley
Mellers Primary School, Radford
A headteacher has labelled the expansion of a school "very exciting" after plans for specialist classrooms were approved.
Mellers Primary School in Radford has been given permission for the demolition of an existing external staircase and the construction a two-storey extension, which will provide new classrooms tailored to educate deaf children.
It comes after the city's deaf pupil provision was moved by Nottingham City Council from Firbeck Academy in Wollaton.
A planning document explained that the school been chosen due to its inclusive nature, the number of options to expand to accommodate the deaf provision and due to its more central location within Nottingham.
Amanda Dawson, headteacher of Mellers Primary School, was excited by the plan to create a new space for the students, which is planned to be complete by September.
She said: "We are really excited about this.
"We recently expanded and were lucky that we doubled in size with our key stage two building and we're thrilled that the deaf pupils' classrooms will be adjoining this building.
"It'll be exactly the same, designed so that it looks like it has always been here. We were really committed about the idea that it mustn't look like a bolt-on because we want our deaf pupils to be fully part of the school.
"There are specifications for classrooms for deaf children, so these classrooms will be state-of-the-art in terms of provisions for their needs."
The pupils who will use the specially designed classrooms have already moved to the school.
Ms Dawson added: "The children are currently in a temporary accommodation at the moment which isn't ideal but we're putting up with it because we know that the new-build will be absolutely wonderful and bespoke.
"Visits by the pupils and staff to make sure that everyone felt happy and safe moving over were very successful and in September the teachers and teaching assistants, all of whom are British Sign Language trained, joined us as well as the 13 pupils.
"But we didn't have time for a new building which should now be opening in the summer term."
Nottingham City Council granted permission for the plans to go ahead on January 3.
It comes after parents spoke of their excitement over the project.
Decision on future of 'eyesore' old school site in Radford
Worries that Arboretum five-storey apartment block will leave neighbours 'cramped'
Nottingham City Council


It's regular for children to be a quality listed below or above the recommended level, depending upon how much technique they have actually contended the skill in the past and how the educational program in your nation is arranged. There's constantly something brand-new and interesting occurring at Super Instructor Worksheets!
We are continuously adding incredible brand-new worksheets and tasks to our site. Make sure to take a peek at the wonderful sources Super Instructor Worksheets has actually included lately!
82 photos of the "Configuration Of Elements In The Periodic Table"


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Here's the thing about building a business online: just like in person, relationships are still key!
When we're selling premium, high-value services, there is a major relationship factor that gets established first.
People can feel afraid of being scammed, and it's your job to show them the value in what you have to offer. Not the HOW or the structure so much as the benefits of what they're going to get.
My 6-month mentorship includes bi-weekly calls, a half-day intensive, weekly accountability check-ins, and promotions to my community.
✔Price & sell your services without feeling slimy or "salesy"
Do you care HOW I do that as much as that you get these benefits & results? No way, right? You care about what you get out of it!!!
Does that make sense? What questions do you have around how to translate that for your business, or what have you found that's worked for you to sell your benefits?


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News - May 15, 2017
Get a look at Paul McCartney in Pirates Of The Caribbean: Salazar's Revenge
A first look at Paul McCartney in new blockbuster Pirates Of The Caribbean: Salazar's Revenge, the fifth instalment in the franchise, has been unveiled and you can see it below:
#PiratesLife pic.twitter.com/9GXS5QB931
— Paul McCartney (@PaulMcCartney) May 13, 2017
McCarntney has a small role and will play the uncle of Captain Jack Sparrow in the new movie, which will be released into UK cinemas on May 26th this year.
The movie stars a returning Johnny Depp as Captain Jack Sparrow, with Geoffrey Rush and Orlando Bloom are back for the new movie, Javier Bardem, Brenton Thwaites and Kaya Scodelario are all newcomers.
The new instalment follows Sparrow on the run after he discovers that ghost pirates led by his old nemesis Captain Salazar escape from the Devil's Triangle, determined to kill every pirate at sea. To save himself and all pirates, Sparrow must then find legendary Trident of Poseidon
The script has been written by Catch Me If You Can's Jeff Nathanson, with Norwegian pair Joachim Rønning and Espen Sandberg directing.
You can check out all four previous movies in the series here in hmv's online store.
Pirates of the Caribbean 1-4 Gore Verbinski, Rob Marshall
Get an exclusive look at the making of Assassin's Creed...
Game Of Thrones' Maisie Williams and Split's Anya Taylor-Joy confirmed for X-Men spin-off New Mutants
See the first full trailer for brutal military thriller 6 Days, starring Jamie Bell and Mark Strong
Watch the dark first trailer for Top of the Lake: China Girl
Watch the very rude final red-band trailer for Baywatch


The first step in our lean startup process will be to develop a common understanding of the current practice and member experience with the WSJ Society. We'll do that by creating a Business Model Canvas i.e. filling in the nine boxes of a blank canvas.
We'll need to make some adjustments in creating the canvas to reflect our purpose as a non-profit in service to its membership, but that should not be too difficult. Just remember, our members are our customers and go from there.
Introduction to Business Model Canvas lists the elements we need to address with a set of questions listed for each element to help with your answers. Also, check out this video, Business Model Canvas Explained. It's a 2 minute introduction to the business model canvas.
Information to help complete the canvas is included in WSJ Society/ Current Practice and Experience. It's a compilation of facts and member views that have been captured over the last several years.
Please don't feel constrained by this summary. Your experience may be different, and I may have it all wrong. Please feel free to correct my mistakes and use your experience. However, for now, let's focus on the society and member experiences as they exist today. We'll deal with our options for the future after we have a good picture of our current situation.
Work on the canvas directly, or just make a list for each element and send your ideas via email to me at jra4128@gmail.com. We may be able to get this going with more collaborative tools, but, for now, let's keep it simple. You send your ideas and I'll post them for all to see.
The notebook will also allow members to catch up and join in the project any time along the line. Let's see what works best for you.


Small and mid-size regional banks are the latest to get hammered by the credit crunch (NYT).
Home mortgages and other loans that the banks made in good times are souring so fast that many of the lenders are scrambling to prop themselves up. If the pain worsens — and many analysts say it will — some of these banks, like Fifth Third's predecessors, may eventually seek out suitors, most likely large national rivals.
Small and midsize lenders are in far less danger than they were during the 1980s and early 1990s, when about 1,600 federally insured institutions failed during a savings and loan crisis.
We're curious to hear the logic behind this.


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The Governator
The Central Bank's chief seems to have gone cold on relaxing its new mortgage rules
Governor Patrick Honohan says the "seeds of trouble" for a new bubble could already be growing.
By Peter Bodkin Wednesday 26 Nov 2014, 3:35 PM
Central Bank governor Patrick Honohan
Image: Laura Hutton/Photocall Ireland
Updated at 3.35pm
CENTRAL BANK CHIEF Patrick Honohan doesn't think Ireland is on the brink of another property bubble yet – but the "seeds of trouble" could be sown without its planned new mortgage rules.
And the bank's governor appears to have gone cold on the idea of relaxing its proposed lending laws – requiring home buyers to come up with a 20% minimum deposit – by letting borrowers to take out mortgage insurance instead.
"What we're concerned about is a systemic risk – a risk that property prices would, in the future, topple down again," Honohan told an Oireachtas Finance Committee today.
There's a danger that if we mis-design this and lure in a whole business of mortgage insurance which was costly and not precisely targeted at the risks we're talking about, it might not be the way to go.
"I'm not yet, quite sure that this is the solution and the best way to go."
The Central Bank has flagged new lending rules from next year which would stop banks giving out loans worth more than 80% of a property's value to the vast majority of its customers.
Critics of the scheme have complained the plan would lock many first homebuyers out of the market if they didn't have the backing of family money for a deposit.
READ: Two-thirds of first home buyers would not meet new Central Bank rules: Ulster Bank >
Those looking to buy in Dublin would be the worst affected with Central Statistics Office figures out today showing house prices had gone up nearly 25% over the last year in the capital.
In a speech earlier this month, Honohan suggested it could be possible for borrowers to produce only a 10% deposit if another 10% was covered with mortgage insurance.
Easy credit is not the answer
But today he said giving borrowers access to easy money wasn't the way to solve social problems like the gap between the rich and poor. About 2,800 mortgages issued last year would have been affected by the rules, Honohan added.
Central Bank governor Patrick Honohan Source: Sam Boal/Photocall Ireland
"I would be very cautious about seeing credit and mortgage credit as a way of resolving inequality in society – the opposite is the fact," he said.
It actually can create situations where too many people borrow too much and get into ferocious financial difficulties."
Honohan said the bank was trying to put in place a system to stop a second, credit-driven property bubble developing and another generation being saddled with too much debt.
"Absent such a regime, sharp price rises in Dublin – and they jumped by 42 per cent in just 18 months – in a thin market, not yet eliciting a sufficient supply response, could sow the seeds of trouble for the future," he said.
Leaders from several of Ireland's major banks have criticised the Central Bank's proposed new lending rules, which also include a cap on how much people can borrow relative to their income.
However Honohan said banks had clearly shown they were unable to regulate themselves and lend money sensibly.
"I am not going to take seriously views of banks when they're being told you can't do this and that - if they say, 'oh we don't agree with that'," he said.
I'm not surprised they don't agree with it – we are regulating the banks. They say 'leave it to us, we know how to do this stuff', well they haven't shown the ability to do things safely."
READ: Bubble buster: Homebuyers face 20% deposit as banks hit with tighter controls >
READ: 'I would never buy a property again,' says Government's top housing adviser. 'I rent' >
Peter Bodkin / Editor, Fora
@peter_bodkin
peter@fora.ie
See more articles by Peter Bodkin
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Star Wars Storm Troopers - Let us Bring the Force to You!
Our incredible Stunt Actors, together with all your favourite Star Wars characters, will bring the film world direct to your event. We can even provide costumes and kit up all of your guests.
As your guests arrive at their Star Wars Themed Party, our Imperial Storm Troopers will check for hidden rebels, droids, smugglers, all with humour and the spirit of party fun. This provides an excellent ice breaker, gets your guests into the Force of the Party and is of course a spectacular photo opportunity.
At a pre-designated point through Dinner, there will be light and sound effects of a space ship battle and asteroid explosions. We can also use pyrotechnics.
The Dark Lord himself (or our special mini me Dwarf Vader) will make his fearsome entrance and demands. If his demands are not met, don't worry, our Jedi Knights will appear from nowhere to fight on your behalf and protect you from the Dark Forces.
Watch an amazing Light Sabre duel as only professional stunt actors can perform, with slick choreography and unbelievable realism. Gasp at the incredible action and try to guess who is going to triumph - not the Dark Forces, surely?!


Empowering creatives. Transforming our city.
Give Today & Help Bring an ArtWorks Mural to Life in Your Neighborhood!
Founded in 1996, ArtWorks trains and employs local youth and talent to create art and community impact. ArtWorks' vision is to be the creative and economic engine which unites citizens to transform our region through public art, such as their award-winning mural program, art therapy, and creative enterprise initiatives. To date, ArtWorks has hired over 3,000 area youth and 1,000 creative professionals, and has trained close to 300 creative entrepreneurs. ArtWorks is grateful for the support of many individuals and organizations, including the City of Cincinnati, the Carol Ann and Ralph V. Haile, Jr./U.S. Bank Foundation, individual contributors to the ArtsWave community campaign, and the Ohio Arts Council. This summer, we are excited to add over 10 murals to our city's landscape, but we need your help to ensure these projects come to life. Learn more below and select an ArtWorks project to support today!
ArtWorks is teaming up to engage local resident & artist Casey Millard to transform the Kennedy Heights Art Center Annex with an inspiring mural installation!
Since ArtWorks' mural program launched in 2007, over 100 large-scale public murals have been added to Cincinnati's landscape and more than 150,000 square feet of previously blank and often blighted walls have been transformed into outdoor canvases. With each brush stroke, wall-by-wall, community-by-community, ArtWorks is busy making Our City a Gallery! But, that's only half the magic of ArtWorks' award-winning mural program.
How the murals are created is even more magical: local teens! That's right; each summer, area teens (14-21years old) work as youth Apprentices alongside local professional artists. Together, they transform Greater Cincinnati with each new mural.
Create their Future. Create our City.
When you support ArtWorks' mural program, you are helping to shape the future of local youth. Over half of the youth Apprentices ArtWorks hires to paint murals come from low-income households. Teens, who are recruited from over 50 area schools and 60 surrounding neighborhoods, often report that ArtWorks was their first employer. Not only do these teens transform our region with beautiful art, as Apprentices they also build relationships, problem-solve collaboratively, develop presentation skills, and even attend financial literacy training workshops. By providing meaningful work experiences and critical wages for Cincinnati's youth, you are directly impacting the lives of local teens and position them for a more positive future. Simultaneously, your impact leaves behind a lasting impression on our cityscape – due to the high quality materials and preparation methods used, ArtWorks murals will last for 20+ years!


This entry was posted on July 25, 2009, 3:35 pm and is filed under Game Development, Paradigm 2D World Builder, Programming, XNA. You can follow any responses to this entry through RSS 2.0. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


In 2013, as part of the North of Invention conference (organized by Sarah Dowling and Charles Bernstein), poet Jordan Scott gave a presentation entitled "The State of Talk: Notes towards Speech Dysfluencies and State Interrogation Procedures and Techniques." To much acclaim, Scott discusses the "lateral step" that he takes from his book Blert (2008) to consider "expanded notions of disfluencies as applied to the procedures of interrogation." The talk maps a trajectory for his poetics that shifts from a personal exploration of the stutter in Blert (2008) toward this related linguistic terrain of stuttering elsewhere.
Clearance Process (2016), which stems from Scott's research into the stutter, dysfluency, and interrogation, is a multimedia chapbook which captures the five days Scott spent touring the Guantanamo Bay Detention Center (GTMO) in April 2015. It appears to be one of the numerous, exceptional offerings from his line of inquiry. The book itself, published exclusively in a digital format by The Capilano Review as part of their SMALL CAPS series, is comprised of a forward by Scott that details the process of admission to tour GTMO, a powerful excerpt from Guantanamo Diary (2015) by Mohamedou Ould Slahi, an audio composition by Jason Starnes, and a series of striking, Operational Security (OPSEC) approved photographs. Clearance Process is dedicated to Slahi, a Mauritania-born man who was detained in GTMO from 2002 until his release on October 17, 2016, without charge.
Having listened to "The State of Talk" before engaging Clearance Process, I was uneasy with the prospect of confronting the very unsettling but very real techniques of torture and interrogation. Torture isn't in the foreground here, but it haunts the entire book. Though Clearance Process is still disquieting, it is the quietude of the collection that is perhaps most affective. If Blert is a book that, as Tyrone Williams describes, captures the "momentary loss of control, of agency" in the moment of the stutter, then Clearance Process engages different losses of agency — the voluntary and the forced, both a product of the systemic operations of a space like GTMO. Lingusitic communication in Starnes's accompanying composition, embedded in the digital publication, captures this with its hauntingly sparse soundscape. Clearance Process's soundtrack is composed of ambient sound — crackles, echoes, chirps, and buzzes from the space. The few voices on the recording are distant and muffled, interrupted by hums and clangs: "this goes through the nose and down into the stomach to provide the [inaudible]." What few voices there are drift in and out of audibility, a likely result of the restrictions in place according to detention center policies.
That's not in my lane.
I don't know what they've done or what they haven't done. I'm not privy to that information.
I'm not authorized to tell you that, sir.
I can't speak to that. But I'll see if I can find someone who can.
Each seemingly scripted line, presumably uttered by one of the workers of the detention complex, is not necessarily a stutter, but a stoppage, a distraction, a deviation in speech; it is language detained by saying.
Eric Schmaltz is a poet, artist, scholar, and educator. He holds a PhD in English from York University where he specialized in experimental and avant-garde literatures in Canada. For the 2018–2019 academic year, Eric is a SSHRC Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of Pennsylvania where he is engaged in research on sound and poetry. He is the writer of Surfaces (2018), a collection of visual poetry and text-art that intervenes into the legacies of media-based poetics. His creative work has appeared in periodicals such as The Capilano Review, the Berkeley Poetry Review, Vallum, and Lemon Hound and has been exhibited in Buffalo, Philadelphia, St. Catharines, Toronto, and Vancouver.
This series of short documents engages the intersection of sound studies, orality, and various poetic modalities with a focus on poets working within the area lines of Canada. As research in process, each of these commentaries reflects upon the possibilities afforded by emphasizing the mouth in poetry and how the mouth as a site of creative expression can divergently engage processes of cultural meaning-making.


It's Chinese … would you buy?
Nio is already preparing to launch its second electric SUV mere months after releasing its first. The Chinese automaker has unveiled the ES6, a lower-priced SUV that will start at the equivalent of $52,000 — a sizeable $14,000 less than the ES8. While Nio didn't outline all the differences, the new model won't exactly be a slouch. The starting model can reach 62MPH in a brisk 5.6 seconds, and should have a range of 255 miles on Europe's NEDC testing cycle thanks to a 70kWh battery (there's also an 84kWh option with a 298-mile range). Move up to the higher-end trims and you'll hit that 62MPH mark in 4.7 seconds, with ranges between 267 miles and 317 miles depending on your battery choice.
Chinese drivers can pre-order the ES6 now ahead of deliveries in June 2019. At the same time, Nio added that it would make an 84kWh battery upgrade available for the ES8 sometime in the third quarter of 2019.
There's no mention of whether or not Nio will sell the ES6 outside of China, although we wouldn't count on it in the near future. Nio's mainstream car business is still relatively small, with 9,726 ES8s reaching customers as of December 15th. For contrast, Tesla delivered 56,065 Model 3 cars just in the third quarter of 2018. However, a lower-priced machine like the ES6 could accelerate Nio's growth and increase the chances that you'll see its cars beyond Chinese roads.


Mahendra Singh Dhoni, the captain of the Indian squad in limited overs cricket, on Friday began his training to turn into a qualified para-trooper.
Dhoni, one of the most generously compensated players on the planet, is a privileged deputy colonel in 106 Parachute Regiment of the Territorial Army (TA) and has chosen to legitimize his rank.
"His two-week preparing will now begin with classroom lessons took after by fundamental toughening activities alongside associated paratrooper learners," said chief Basantkumar B Pande, public relations officer (defense), Allahabad and Lucknow.
Captain Cool, as he is prominently known, reported at the Indian Army's 50 Para Brigade for his essential preparing in Agra late on Thursday evening. He will experience the preparation at the Indian Air Force's Paratroopers Training School (PTS).
In these two-weeks, he will take classroom lessons on fundamental strategies of para-bouncing took after by toughening activities to help set up the body for hopping off a flying machine with a parachute. It will likewise incorporate the standard pre-fly fake drill in a corridor where he will experience the movements of a para-hop in an expansive lobby by hopping off a stage with a rope connected for backing.
It is then where he will be permitted to board an A 32 – a Russian fabricated cutting edge transport/payload flying machine of Indian Air Force – to make his first fly as a paratrooper. To qualify as a parachute jumper, he will need to do at least five flyd from a tallness of 10,000 feet off a plane—four during the day and one during the evening.
Dhoni, who as of now has the maroon paratrooper beret which is an indication of having been appointed in the tip top Para Regiment, would gain the privilege to wear the desired Para Wings badge when making at least five effective para-flyd.
While Dhoni is the first cricketer on the planet to prepare as a paratrooper, he is not the first or just sportsperson to accomplish a privileged TA rank—cricketer Kapil Dev and shooter Abhinav Bindra too were among the list. Be that as it may, Dhoni is without a doubt the first to really work for the "wings" on his olive greens.
Dhoni was given the privileged rank of a Lt Col in the TA, in November 2011 and had said that his first aspiration was to turn into an armed force officer yet his destiny guided him into cricket. Around then, some had even condemned the choice to commission him into a parachute regiment saying he didn't know how to fly off a plane. Be that as it may, now MSD, who is a man with numerous interests, will endeavor the most dangerous errand ever in his life.