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Christos Galileas: 'I Feel 100% Greek and 100% Armenian'
Artsvi Bakhchinyan
By Artsvi Bakhchinyan
Special to the Mirror-Spectator
YEREVAN/ATLANTA — Hailed by many music critics as "a genuine old school virtuoso," "an incredible mixture of dazzling virtuosity and immaculate musicianship," "an artist of rare originality and utmost integrity," Greek-Armenian violinist Christos Galileas has enjoyed an active international career as a concert violinist, chamber musician and teacher.
Born in 1975, in Thessaloniki, Greece, he had his first violin lessons at the age of 4 from his father, Kosmas Galileas, the distinguished Greek violinist and conductor, and continued studying with Prof. Stelios Kafantaris. He was awarded first prize and the gold medal for his outstanding musical abilities upon graduating from the Conservatory of Athens in 1994.
His first public appearance at age sixteen was with the Symphony Orchestra of Thessaloniki with an impressive performance of the Paganini Violin Concerto No 1. From 1994 to 1995, he studied with Zachar Bron in Lubeck, Germany, then at Oberlin Conservatory in Ohio, where he was accepted to the studio of renowned Professors Roland and Almita Vamos and received the "Dean's Talent Award" and from where he received a bachelor's degree in music.
In 1995 he won the first prize at the "National Competition for Scholarships" of Greece, and two years later he was awarded the Alexandra Triandi scholarship of the Megaron of Athens. Since then, he has appeared as soloist with many orchestras and at the international festivals worldwide.
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In 1999 he continued his studies at the Juilliard School with the legendary violin pedagogue Dorothy Delay and received his master's degree.
In 2002, he founded the Hellenic Camerata, a chamber orchestra with 22 members, and conducted an extensive tour in North, Central and South America in many countries.
In 2005 he received his doctorate in Violin Performance (Doctor of Musical Arts) from the State University of New York at Stony Brook.
Dr. Galileas has been invited to teach violin and chamber music extensively in many renowned institutions. He has held important administrative positions which include: Director of the North City Conservatory in Thessaloniki Greece, Artistic Director of the "Dimitria" International Festival of Thessaloniki, member of the Board of Directors of the State Conservatory of Greece, and State Orchestra of Thessaloniki, Artistic Director of the Summer Music Academy in Afytos Greece. In 2007 Christos Galileas joined the faculty at Georgia State University where he currently serves as associate professor of Violin and Coordinator of Chamber Music. He served as coordinator of the String Area from 2007-2014. His latest research is focused on commissioning and recording the music of women composers from Greece and Armenia. In 2015 Galileas founded the Anatolia Summer Music Program in Thessaloniki, where he also serves as executive and artistic director.
Dr. Galileas' recordings can be found on the Albany Records label. He plays on a 1705 Joseph Guarneri violin.
Dear Christos, let's start our conversation by sharing my memory from 1994, when you performed with the Yerevan Philharmonic Orchestra. It was an unforgettable concert – during that hard period a very young musician, even being half Armenian, came to the country of his maternal ancestors with a brilliant performance. I even remember how your mother was crying because of her excitement and pride!
Topics: Classical Music, Music, Violin
People: Christos Galileas
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Yes, it was a very special and unforgettable experience. I was 19 years old and visiting Armenia for the first time made me feel very emotional. On top of that was the excitement of performing with such a great orchestra and renowned conductor Loris Tjeknavorian. A very, very special moment indeed. I am looking forward to visiting Armenia again. I miss it dearly.
Please tell us about your career.
I can't complain! I am very fortunate to have enjoyed a vibrant career as a soloist and chamber musician in more than 30 countries around the world. I have performed in some of the world's most prestigious concert venues such as Vienna's Musikverein and Konzerthaus, Munich's Gasteig, Prague's Rudolfinum and Smetana Hall, Kennedy Center, Bucharest Athenaeum, just to name a few. I have collaborated with distinguished artists such as cellist Mischa Maisky, pianists Dimitri Sgouros and Jura Margulis, and the Borodin and Komitas string quartets among others. In 2007 I joined the faculty at Georgia State University where I currently serve as associate professor of violin and coordinator of chamber music. I am also the co-founder, executive and co-artistic director of the Anatolia Summer Music program in my hometown of Thessaloniki Greece.
The classical music scenes I am sure are very different in Greece and the US…
Not so much. Actually I find that music is an international language that mostly unites people and cultures and brings us closer. The music scene might be a little different in regards to the support in the arts. In Greece the arts are still heavily supported and subsidized by the state (which is a good thing). In the US it is mostly the private sector (also a good thing). I really think that a combination of the two would be ideal.
Your sister Nevart-Veron Galileas is a musician too, who participated in the Renaissance Musical Festival in Gyumri twice.
My sister Nevart-Veron is a brilliant flutist with a wonderful career of her own. We have collaborated on numerous occasions. Together we started the Music Anatolia Summer Music Festival. Yes, she also visited Armenia. At some point in the near future we would like to perform together in Armenia.
After your concert a Yerevan newspaper published an article entitled "Galileas–Kalfayan family of 'fools.' Why so? Please tell about your family.
The article is referring to the very famous Sardarabad song which at some point mentions the "crazy love for your country." Although having been born and raised in Greece and to a Greek father, my mother Diroui Kalfayan-Galileas made sure that my sister and I were raised "very Armenian." She spoke to us only in Armenian to make sure we learn the language and taught us the history of our proud nation. My Armenian side of the family had been very active in the community in Thessaloniki. My great-grandfather Garabed Gazarian was one of the people that bought the land for the Armenian church in Thessaloniki and also funded the construction. My grandfather Roupen Kalfayan was the president of the Armenian Community of Thessaloniki for 30 years. My uncle Garabed Kalfayan was the first representative of the Republic of Armenia in Greece after Armenia became an independent state following the collapse of the Soviet Union. He was also responsible for organizing the humanitarian aid that was sent from Greece to Armenia in the early 1990s. My mother has been president of the Hamazkayin Cultural Association in Thessaloniki Greece for over 30 years. As one can see, there is a very long and strong history of the Armenianess in me! When asked if I feel more Greek or Armenian, my response is that I feel 100-percent Greek and 100-percent Armenian.
By the way, in 2011 in Thessaloniki I visited Kalfayan Museum and was hosted by Garabed and Anahid Kalfayan, now both deceased. How will you describe their influence in the museums in Greece?
You must have visited the Kalfayan Private Collection exhibit at the Museum of Byzantine culture in Thessaloniki. The Kalfayan family have had a long tradition as art collectors and antique dealers — three generations to be exact. Their private collection of Armenian art is monumental and has established a long lasting legacy for years to come. Their commitment in promoting our Armenian Cultural Heritage is noteworthy and most admirable.
To what extent is Armenian music present in your work?
I make it a point to include the music of Armenian composers in my concert programs on a regular basis. I also collaborate frequently with Armenian artists. I have given lectures regarding Armenian music, Komitas and the "School of Five." As a child, I was very fortunate to have been afforded the opportunity to meet legendary figures of Armenian music such as composers Ghazaros Saryan, Edvard Mirzoyan, conductors Hovhannes Tchekidjian and Loris Tjeknavorian, the famous Komitas quartets and others. These great artists visited our home in Thessaloniki at the invitation of my father, the distinguished violinist and conductor Kosmas Galileas. My mother Diroui Kalfayan-Galileas had talked to my father and suggested that he invite all these great artists and ensembles from Armenia to perform in Greece. The ensembles that my parents had invited from Armenia include the Armenian Philharmonic, the Armenian Chamber Orchestra under Aram Gharabekian's conduction, Serenade Chamber Orchestra, the State Choir of Armenia, the Little Singers of Armenia, the Komitas and Khachaturian quartets and many others. So yes, Armenian Music has always been a very big part of my life and I am grateful for that.
Are you in touch with Armenians in the US and in the world?
Yes, I am constantly in contact with Armenians all over the world. I am also very active as a member of the Armenian National Committee of Greece and America. I am currently involved in a project to gather and send humanitarian aid to Armenia from Greece to offer some much-needed relief following the Artsakh war. As an Armenian I am devastated by the outcome of this conflict and the casualties that we suffered. We must continue fighting for our cause to ensure that the sacrifice of our brave heroes was not in vain. Park ou badiv mer herosneroun! Eternal Glory and Honor to them!
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Cryptocurrency Prices Today On June 23: Bitcoin, Ethereum In Green, XRP Tumbles 6%
Bitcoin's value is at the moment $33,871.28, and it's dominance is 47.33 %, an raise of .78 percent over the day. The total crypto market place volume more than the final 24 hours is $148. Should you cherished this informative article and you would like to be given more information regarding Gnosis crypto generously pay a visit to the web page. 92 billion, which tends to make a 9.37 % boost. Reuters reported that it was a outstanding comedown for the digital asset which just weeks ago was trekking greater amid a warmer embrace from Wall Street as nicely as retail investors But unfavorable press about its power use, brought on largely by Tesla Inc.'s Elon Musk, as nicely as a clampdown from China, have pushed it reduced in recent weeks. The market place cap is $1.34 trillion, a 2.53 % boost more than the last day. The total crypto marketplace volume more than the final 24 hours is $148.92 billion, which tends to make a 9.37 % raise. Bitcoin's price is at present $33,871.28, and it really is dominance is 47.33 percent, an improve of .78 percent more than the day. It added that China's most current broadside exactly where the nation's central bank stated it had summoned officials from the most significant lenders – as well as AliPay – to reiterate a ban on cryptocurrency solutions. Chinese officials were already attempting to root out crypto mining operations. The international cryptpcurrency market place is mixed on June 23. The market cap is $1.34 trillion, a 2.53 percent boost over the last day. This comes soon after the chart-watchers mentioned that Bitcoin, which failed to retake $40,000 last week, could have a difficult time locating help in the $20,000 variety following its drop below $30,000. The volume of all stable coins is now $120.20 billion, which is 80.71 percent of the total crypto marketplace 24-hour volume.
Brave, the maker of a common ad blocking browser, opened on Tuesday a public beta of its privacy-focused search engine, a very first step in generating a item that could compete with market place titan Google. Brave Search will rely on Bing in some locations, like photos, where its personal outcomes are not but great adequate. Bing is a distant second with significantly less than 3%. But an opportunity may have opened as Google comes below intensifying pressure to safeguard consumer privacy and as governments around the planet ramp up antitrust scrutiny. More than 92% all searches go through Google, according to analytics firm StatCounter. Initially, Brave Search won't show ads — the chief way that Google monetizes its search benefits. Brave Search will develop into the default search engine in the Brave browser later this year. Taking on Google is an huge undertaking. In contrast to other new search engines, which normally repackage outcomes from Google and Microsoft's Bing, Brave is creating an independent index of the net. And for ordinary searches, Brave can blend in Google outcomes for people who allow the function when prompted. Later, it'll offer you free, ad-supported search and a paid solution with no advertisements.
This week, the price of Bitcoin hit a record $64,000 amid excitement for Coinbase's listing, double its worth at the starting of this year. But the company warned in its monetary prospectus that its small business overall performance was closely tied to the price of cryptocurrencies, which are volatile. Coinbase has raised far more than $500 million from venture capital investors, who final privately valued it at $8 billion. On Wednesday, costs had come down to $61,939. More than the final year, Mr. Armstrong has mentioned Coinbase personnel really should stay clear of political discussions, a stance that has brought on controversy. Its largest shareholders contain Andreessen Horowitz, Tiger International and Paradigm, a crypto-focused investment firm. In contrast to many other get started-ups that go public, Coinbase is lucrative. In the initial 3 months of the year, it estimated it made $730 million to $800 million in net profit on $1.8 billion in revenue. Brian Armstrong, Coinbase's chief executive and a co-founder, owns almost 40 million shares in the organization, generating his stake worth roughly $13 billion.
We focus on the Perpetual Bitcoin Contract, XBTUSD. Funding is paid or charged to positions every single 8 hours by the exchange. , extended positions pay short positions. For simplicity we group the offerings from BitMEX into the the following broad derivatives categories: Perpetual Bitcoin, Settled Bitcoin, Perpetual Ethereum, Settled Ethereum, Perpetual Altcoins, Settled Altcoins. Assume that, at time t, the trader goes long on USD X worth of contracts. "Long" right here is relative to a price tag that represents the USD value of 1 bitcoin. While a position is open, it is topic to funding and minimum upkeep specifications. For simplicity, let us initial describe BitMEX's Perpetual Contract devoid of paying focus to any maintenance costs. In addition to the novel perpetual instruments, BitMEX has also supplied several distinct instrument styles that trade exposure to dozens of underlying assets. 100, Mt would be .01 bitcoin. For instance, a trader could choose to invest USD 10,000 in these contracts, betting the Bitcoin price will rise. Typically, the funding price reflects a brief-term interest price. The funding price explicitly links the functionality of the derivative to the index. This implies the trader would only require to post USD 100 worth of bitcoin. Consider a trader who enters a extended position (i.e., they are betting the price of the underlying asset is going to raise). However, the funding rate includes a premium that reflects variations amongst the existing trading cost of the perpetual contract and the current index cost.
Primecoin

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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__БЕЗКН__

-{Hylomyscus alleni}- је врста глодара из породице мишева (лат. -{Muridae}-).

Распрострањење
Ареал врсте -{Hylomyscus alleni}- обухвата већи број држава у Африци. Врста је присутна у Камеруну, Анголи, Централноафричкој Републици, ДР Конгу, Републици Конго, Екваторијалној Гвинеји, Габону, Нигерији, Бенину, Обали Слоноваче, Гани, Либерији, Сијера Леонеу и Тогу.

Станиште
Станиште врсте су шуме. Врста је по висини распрострањена до 1.500 метара надморске висине.

Угроженост
Ова врста није угрожена, и наведена је као последња брига јер има широко распрострањење.

Референце

Литература
 -{IUCN}- црвена листа угрожених врста, детаљнији подаци о врсти

Спољашња веза

Hylomyscus
Сисари Африке

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Home > Festivals > Metallica to headline Rock Werchter 2014
Metallica to headline Rock Werchter 2014
November 18, 2018 December 2, 2013 by Summer Festival Guide
The first name for the Rock Werchter Festival (Belgium) has been confirmed. Metallica are playing on Thursday 3 July. On request. Because most of the set list will chosen by the fans.
Metallica are synonymous with metal. It's the first name that springs to mind spontaneously. The American group have achieved so much. They brought metal into the mainstream and are already one of the best and most successful bands of all time. Metallica are currently starring in the 3D concert/film 'Through The Never' and will be working on the follow up to 'Death Magnetic' (2008) for most of 2014. In between all this, they are touring across the globe, so Rock Werchter was an essential stop. One reason is because 20 years ago Metallica played here for the first time – and they were the first metal band we'd had. They were spectacular in 1993 and will be again, this seventh time. And that's because the fans are in charge. Everyone who buys a ticket will be asked to submit their favourite songs. No easy task because there are 10 albums, four live albums and almost 40 singles to choose from. Metallica, customised!
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"This ultimate trivia book for fans of BBC Radio 4's <i>Desert Island Discs</i> invites the reader to delve into a treasure trove of castaway anecdotes and amusing luxury items... Guaranteed to take readers on a magical journey through the last 70 years of music"
"Thoroughly researched, lively and lighthearted... an artifact - the kind you would take to a desert island"
"Mitchell Symons is the doyen of trivialists, who has been truffling out absurd facts ever since he wrote all the questions in Trivial Pursuit that weren't wrong. This book is exhaustive and slightly mad, and my life was appreciably poorer before I owned it. Outstanding"


There's so much more to people than meets the eye – no one shows their full hand. Similarly, there's so much more to music than meets the eye: You wouldn't know it from the outset, but Warming's "White Lies" is far from just another burst of sunshine. Inside the shimmering synths and popping guitars of this new song is a desperate attempt to understand addiction and empathize with those suffering from it.
Atwood Magazine is proud to be premiering "White Lies," the lead single off Warming's forthcoming self-titled debut album (independently out June 30, 2018). The brainchild of Winnipeg's Brady Allard, Warming is the result of heartache and transition, confusion and change: Its songs were written after Allard's partner of a decade left him, which prompted the Canadian artist to trade in "his white picket fence for a minivan," which he lived out of for some time – her, his job, and his home behind.
"White Lies" finds Allard trying to understand people – something we all do, from time to time. It's a deep exploration of addiction that balances the darkness of that territory with the sort of light, breezy pop we might have heard from '60s psych bands. Lush and full of energy, Warming sweeps us into his dazzling musical world, wrapping us up in layers of emotion and sound.
A mesmerizing introduction that has us excited for more, "White Lies" is but a taste of what's to come from Warming's debut. We can't wait to hear more from Warming over the coming months, but for now we're left basking in the vibrant tones of "White Lies" – exclusively on Atwood Magazine!


TheMoneyIllusion » How does monetary policy affect asset prices?
How does monetary policy affect asset prices?
2. Interest rates are also strongly procyclical. Thus interest rates and asset prices often tend to move in the same direction.
3. When interest rates fall for reasons other than the business cycle, asset prices tend to rise. Thus if rates fall due to a global savings glut, it will tend to raise asset prices. That's the most likely explanation for the asset price boom of 2009-15.
This post is similar to a post I did over at Econlog (which is the better post, BTW.) There I pointed out that wage growth usually slows when RGDP growth slows, but paradoxically lower wage growth causes higher RGDP growth. And interest rates usually fall when NGDP growth slows, but paradoxically when the Fed cuts its target rate that causes NGDP growth to rise. Now we can see that interest rates usually fall when asset prices crash, but paradoxically a Fed target rate cut usually boosts asset prices.
The failure of reporters to internalize the implications of these paradoxes explains much of the nonsense you read in the media, such as the current popular theory that Chinese devaluation is deflationary. The real issue is, "does Chinese devaluation cause other central banks, in places like Brazil, to run more deflationary monetary policies?" Or, "does Chinese devaluation reflect weak growth, cause stronger growth, or both? And what is the independent effect of each of those factors?
PS. A comment by Kevin Erdmann over at Econlog anticipated some of my thinking on this issue.
I will be traveling today, not much time for comments.
This entry was posted on January 26th, 2016 and is filed under Never Reason From a Price Change. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response or Trackback from your own site.
Sure, they rose faster after August 1982 than simple NGDP growth would anticipate, but there was strong NGDP growth after 1982. Maybe markets were expecting more NGDP growth (with higher inflation).
You had asked me about nationalist economic policies and how these adversely affect growth, and I have not had a chance to reply.
"… [T]he problem stems from higher up. President Xi Jinping has centralized economic policy-making in his own hands, and he doesn't take criticism well. Late last year, as economic uncertainty climbed, the Communist Party issued disciplinary instructions outlawing "improper discussion" in its ranks, shutting off yet more feedback loops.
"As is often the case when the leadership feels besieged, state media is lashing out at foreigners. Last week, Xinhua News Agency blamed "reckless speculations" and "vicious shorting activities" from overseas for the turmoil, and warned of unspecified "severe legal consequences" for those responsible.
I see you're trolling Steve Hanke.
What is striking about Sumner is that he assumes money supply anticipates NGDP. But in fact it's coincident at best. That doesn't let Sumner pontificating however, as E. Harding points out, facts be damned.
Does Bernie Sanders still believe in MMT? Is Stephanie Kelton still his top economic advisor?
Stocks do very well in low inflation booms (1920s, 1980s, 1990s, etc.) and do poorly during either deflation (early 1930s, 1938, 2009) 0r high inflation (1966-81).—Scott Sumner.
The economy did great too.
So why the 2% inflation ceiling?
One might think goals and perceptions during the second period might be influenced by what was up during the 3d period.
Er, during the 1st period. Time runs forward, even for Greenspan.
There have been years of rising asset prices and profits since 2009. How exactly does the Fed make "unsustainable" profits? If the profit of GE goes up, that's because of real things bought by real people. The Fed doesn't buy wind turbines or switchgears. One assumes the buyers are usually rational, in an Econ 101 way.
Really, it's not that complicated. But the non-complicated version also doesn't fit the CNBC view of monetary policy.
You could fill a coffee table book with pairs of things people believe that are mutually exclusive and both wrong.
1) The Fed has been lining the pockets of Wall Street by pumping up assets with loose money through QE.
As a general rule, in the year 2015, I think one might do best by approaching most public controversies by identifying the pretext and believing the opposite of the pretext.
Another important factor is the fact that a company's cost of goods sold and depreciation are based on historical cost. This has the effect that when the price level is falling, a firm is shielded from taxes. When the price level is rising, it creates phantom profits and artificially boosts their tax bill.
While a stable price level is nice, an owner of a shares does very well in a world with a boom twinned with growing disinflation (or growing deflation), given the above tax effects.
1) Is the tight money view and 2) is the easy money view. Can you cite someone who holds both beliefs at the same time (rather than changing beliefs over time)?
Good point, Chuck. That's the way it feels to me, but you're right, it is probably more of two camps mostly believing mutually exclusive things. I was going to try to dig up an op-ed with the older "savers hurt by low rates / Wall Street helped by high prices" dichotomy to try to salvage my defense, but tbh, you are probably right and I exaggerated a bit.
What would such a relationship imply for the optimality of asset-market based monetary policies e.g. NGDP futures targeting or TIPS spread targeting?
Reasoning from a price change.
What you call "low inflation booms" were in fact very high money supply and credit expansion inflation booms, which is the fuel that sparked the volatile asset price booms (and subsequent busts).
Money was not at all "stable" during those decades. The "low price inflation" was associated with the fact that much of the money inflation went to increased demand for and thus prices od assets, and that which went to the demand for consumer goods was largely offset by productivity gains.
Money was highly unstable during those decades.
You need to put A LOT more thought into that one.
E. Harding, I am comparing the entire decade, to the previous decade.
Steven, I certainly agree that nationalistic policy hurts growth, which is one reason I oppose Trump.
JP, Yes, that's one reason why the 1970s were bad for stocks.
W. Peden, I see that as a very different question. There is a huge difference between the question of how monetary policy affects the price level, and how it affects the relative price of assets such as stocks and real estate. For instance, monetary policy (one time changes) only impacts prices in the long run, but doesn't have any impact on the real value of assets in the long run.
Readers: notice that Sumners, a hypocrite, says he will be not commenting since traveling but does anyway…do as I say, not as I do, typical teacher.
(Erdmann): "1) The Fed has been lining the pockets of Wall Street by pumping up assets with loose money through QE" – do you, like Sumners, think that the Fed buying problematic (junk) commercial paper from Fed member banks does NOT line the pockets of member banks, some of them being players on Wall Street?
Second, do you feel that the Fed offering interest rates on reserves does not help member banks?
Granted I realize I'm addressing a man who feels there was no housing bubble, so, like addressing a member of the Flat Earth society, I'm not holding my breath waiting for a rational answer.
-Well, then, a much better phrasing would be "they rose faster in the 1980s than in the 1970s despite lower NGDP growth in the former".
I've never heard of the stock market actually rallying on tighter money on any one day in the U.S. Would be weird and cool if it did, though.
I concur that viewing Fed policy through a class warfare angle is not productive.
It would be like looking at the USDA through the class glass. But the USDA might, in fact, help "poor" farmers (if there are any left). The USDA has an extensive "county agent" system and I think they help anybody who asks.
That said, what would Fed policy be if there were permanent seats on the FOMC board assigned to the domestic manufacturing, tourism, and real estate industries? And say one seat for labor. I sense a lot less talk about the perils of inflation, and less bleating about a strong dollar.
Is IOER really an example of "clean" public policy? Just happens to give banks money for doing nothing. They get trillions in reserves via QE, and now 0.50% for sitting on the reserves. Maybe the Fed has the USDA manual somewhere.
I think it does make sense to keep a gimlet eye on the Fed for industry capture–and on any federal regulatory agency.
The only reason there are perceived paradoxes is because economists talk about "asset prices" in the first place. If they banished that term and instead talked about expected after-tax risk adjusted returns, there would not be any paradoxes.
Ben, have you ever lived in a country with high inflation and a weak currency (U.S. doesn't count).
Thanks, I think I see the distinction. What I was worried about was whether or not securing greater inflation stability via asset market-based monetary policies would cause the prices of those markets to have a boom and thus lead to greater inflation instability.
Derivs–no. Actually, right now, is there anyone on the planet living in a country with high inflation?
India Today has inflation in the 6% range and real growth in the 7% range.
I guess Brazil is doing poorly with high inflation, but then Latin American nations always implode. Remember, always bet against Latin America and Africa.
@Derivs– Sumner retired from teaching at Bentley. He's on Duda's payroll now.
I'm not sure what the markets were expecting from Yellen today, but they didn't like what they got.
Ray, And so you don't even know what the word hypocrite means? Most kids pick that word up by about the 8th grade.
derivs, I don't teach there anymore.
dtoh, How would they talk about them, if they can't be measured? Or am I missing something?
W. Peden, I don't see that happening, but I may be missing something.
The same way corporate bond traders quote bonds in yields, option traders quote options in volatilty and real estate investors buy on yield.
In the case of a sphere; radius, circumference and volume all give you the exact same information. The choice depends on which is most convenient to the circumstances. For understanding monetary policy, "return" is a much more useful measure.
dtoh, I tried illustrating that recently.. econ people don't do finance.
loved the sphere analogy, i will be borrowing that one day… as an fyi.. options are almost always quoted as price. x vol on 1 model will not be the same as x vol on someone elses model.
dtoh, What is the current expected, after tax rate of return for the S&P500, over the next 5, 10 and 20 years, and where do I look it up?
I said "risk adjusted" after tax rate of return. It's easy. It's the yield on US Treasury securities x (1 minus the tax rate).
Unless you don't believe in EMH.
dtoh, OK, but then you are really just talking about the yield on T-bonds.
If you believe in random walk why would you expect it to be positive???
A bit more complicated than what dtoh is saying since you have variable dividend streams but what he is saying is 98%+ correct. Think binomial distribution… it will eventually click.
look at dec19-dec20 SPX settlements and you will see the spread is about 1%. Can't remember as it is way too many years for me now but pick up something like Hull and study forward K parameter. An overall fun book to read, meant only for very high level academics of course.
Scott.. Goog settled 743 today. If I asked to buy June '16 Goog from you, where would you price it?
derivs, Have no idea what you are asking me.


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Remote Senior Site Reliability Engineer Jobs Hiring
A U.S.-based company that has invented one of the largest mental health and coaching startups in the world is looking to hire a Senior Site Reliability Engineer. The engineer will be responsible for implementing sustainable methods for monitoring, managing, and scaling the platforms and services. The company is led by an experienced team of behavioral scientists, talent management strategists, and consumer product experts with a passion for helping people become the best version of themselves. Candidates who are keen on using their skills to bring about positive change in the world while working in a high-performing organization are suitable for this position. It requires an overlap with the U.S. time zones.
Collaborate with members of the engineering team to prioritize service level objectives (SLO)
Leverage lean startup and agile methodologies
Work closely with cross-functional teams to breakdown non-functional requirements into discreet and meaningful iterations that can be quickly implemented
Utilize Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment infrastructure to speedily prototype and scale ideas
Work as an operational maintainer to manage the on-call rotation for the engineering squad
Actively triage or respond to incidents as they surface
Build processes, procedures, and technology that result in service level indicators (SLI) that align with the service level objectives
Solve problems and be ready, willing, and able to dive into logs, stats, and other various platform telemetries
Identify potential performance, scale, and stability issues before they become bottlenecks
Participate in life-changing work in a fun, inventive, and soulful culture
At least 5+ years of relevant engineering experience, partly in a startup environment
Recent and relevant experience with compliance and security regulations and processes
Alignment with the mission of enabling self-driven behavior change
Ability to succeed in a remote work environment
Proficiency in Python automation, Kubernetes, and Terraform
Nice to have some experience with AWS
Willingness to participate in regular on-call rotations
Experience identifying and establishing meaningful service-level indicators and objectives
Experience developing in a high-level programming language (e.g., Python, Ruby, JavaScript)
Experienced in Agile product development processes (SCRUM, Kanban, Lean Startup, etc.)
Advanced level experience with Infrastructure as Code (e.g., Terraform, CloudFormation) technologies
Impressive track record of maintaining a high bar of quality, stability, and availability


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Nelson Leafs
Nelson Vacation Guide 2017
West Kootenay Bride 2017
Freye Parkhouse
January 9, 1949 – December 5, 2019
We deeply mourn the passing of our beloved husband, father, grandfather and friend, Freye Parkhouse. Freye died peacefully at home in Sechelt, BC due to ALS.
Freye was born to English parents, Dorothy Borrows and Frederick Parkhouse, in Windsor, Ontario. Though he spent most of his life in Canada, his time in England as a child and his enduring family connections there greatly influenced him.
He earned a B.A in linguistics from Simon Fraser University and an ESL teaching certificate from the University of British Columbia. Freye had a number of careers that included hotel management and teaching, but his heart's work was in caring for children. He worked for the Boys and Girls Clubs in Vancouver and Kamloops and at Joey's After-School Day care in Nelson. Freye touched the lives of countless children sharing with them his playfulness, athleticism, imagination, and belief in each child's innate worthiness.
Freye lived his life according to principles of kindness, justice, and peace. He viewed the earth as a living being, and trod gently upon Her. Freye loved to study and to write and leaves behind poetry, novels, and essays. His sense of humour and laugh were legendary. Football (soccer) brought him great joy and he had an unbreakable allegiance to team Everton.
Freye is survived by his wife, Bobbie Ogletree, his daughter Deanne Jorja Schaffer (Dave), stepchildren Sol and Shoshana Guy, grandchildren Denae Kenney (Tanner), Hadyn Johansen (Carlee), Zoe Schaffer, Soleil and Shakur Guy and his long-time soul friends Charlene Dunford and Ina Guy.
A memorial for Freye will be held on the Sunshine Coast in the spring, date to be announced.
Online condolences and tributes can be left at: www.devlinfuneralhome.ca
"His life was gentle, and the elements so well mixed in him that Nature might stand up and say to all the world: this was a man."
Devlin Funeral Home
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Even though in the old days it was thought that individuals with certain conditions were merely crazy and belonged in prison, nowadays we know that these types of disorders are in fact extremely typical and can have something to do with a chemical imbalance in the brain. Because of this imbalance the client will show specific things that are not believed to be what we would call typical. When this happens our first idea is that the individual is insane when in truth they are absolutely nothing more than suffering from an illness that will likely go away with a little treatment either in the mental or medical field. The advancements in the medical diagnosis and treatment of such psychological disorders have actually advanced, and individuals must know that these people need help, not jail time.
Agoraphobia is one of the most typical of all psychological disorders that is understood in the present day and likewise represents the largest part of fears the world over. Clients are more than likely afraid to leave their houses or be around other individuals. The main thing is remaining in a comfort zone that is familiar to them, like their house, where an escape path is present in case of some viewed threat. Those who are required to leave their convenience zone will show in some cases violent or even physical manifestations. Treatment is offered and has shown really reliable in helping the agoraphobic to conquer the worry.
Aspergers Syndrome is also really common and is straight related to autism in numerous methods. There are likewise some related concerns to other psychological disorders also. The social interaction is the primary element of this disorder. Most of the patients are extremely anti-social in the fact that they can not process the amount of details they are obtaining from everybody around them. Most patients will have a significantly tough time operating in any kind of circumstance that involves more than someone. Because they are able to speak and interact, sufferers are considered to be high function autistics in the majority of aspects with all of the brain power relocated to mundane jobs and the storing of info needs to it be needed later on.
Tourettes Syndrome is one of those illness that was misdiagnosed for lots of decades prior to research study was able to find the key. Clients will have a singing and physical tic that will occur on a regular basis. These tics will be unexpected and extreme motions and vocalizations. Individuals with this condition will oftentimes use a word that is considered swearing in the tic without even realizing it. The outbursts will last for a moment or perhaps longer depending on the intensity of the case.
All in all there is a lot that can be done about psychological disorders as a whole. Oftentimes there is a medication that is available that will almost get rid of the signs completely and allow the patient to live generally. There are the issues of adverse effects that come with these medications but they are not reported in every case.


text:
Housings sales plunge 32 per cent in Greater Sudbury
Darren MacDonald CTV News Northern Ontario Digital Content Producer
@Darrenmacd Contact
Published Thursday, June 11, 2020 11:07AM EDT Last Updated Thursday, June 11, 2020 12:12PM EDT
Housing sales plunged by 32.1 per cent in Greater Sudbury in May, compared to the same period in 2019, according to statistics from the Canadian Real Estate Board. (File)
SUDBURY -- Housing sales plunged by 32.1 per cent in Greater Sudbury in May, compared to the same period in 2019, according to statistics from the Canadian Real Estate Board.
A total of 184 units were sold last month, the board said, compared to 271 in May 2019. Listings were also down, dropping by 36.7 per cent, as fewer people tried to sell their homes in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic.
In all, 298 houses were put up for sale in May, compared to 471 last year.
While sales are down, prices for a home have increased by 8.4 per cent, with the average sale price at $298,431 in May, compared with $275,186 a year ago.
While a severe drop, Sudbury is faring better than Canada as a whole. The board said housing sales dropped nationwide by 56.84 per cent in April, the biggest drop it has ever recorded.
Among Canada's largest markets, sales fell by 66.2 per cent in the Greater Toronto Area, 64.4 per cent in Montreal, 57.9 per cent in Greater Vancouver, 54.8 per cent in the Fraser Valley, 53.1 per cent in Calgary, 46.6 per cent in Edmonton, 42 per cent in Winnipeg, 59.8 per cent in Hamilton-Burlington and 51.5 per cent in Ottawa.


As I mentioned in yesterday's blog, I went to the 'spring fling' concert at James Gillespie's high school last night. I went to watch Aliyah and her class perform a piece of music, and an extract of a play they've been working on.
Boy was I impressed! And surprised! It is amazing to see what children can achieve when trained well. All the P6 pupils that took part in last night's performance spoke confidently, and knew all their lines. They pronounced their words with expression and feeling. And they played their musical instruments with intent and precision.
First of all I felt extremely proud of both Aliyah and her classmates. The level at which they performed was really very high.
Second of all, I enjoyed watching them enjoy it. They were loving being on that stage.
Third of all I felt total respect for their class teacher, who has worked with them to compose their piece of music. I watched him, watching them perform, and he was beaming. A whole lot of hard work has clearly gone into this, on his part, and I felt extremely grateful for that.
And lastly, I thought about the power and value of expertise. Tim, who's been working with the children to produce these plays is really an expert, and he clearly has a lot to pass on to the children. It was clear that these kids had not been trained by an amateur, to act and to remember their lines. I have great respect for such expertise.
The rest of the show – other than Aliyah's class- was excellent too. I did not expect the music performed by the high school kids to be that good. And there is something extremely touching about young people creating beautiful music, whether it is through instruments or voices.
I actually can not wait to see the full play today! I've volunteered to help with hair and makeup before hand, so I'll get a taste of back stage too!


The Barristers Benevolent Association are a charity that helps members of the Bar and their families who are in need.
They wanted to build a close working relationship with an IT partner they could trust – particularly given the sensitive nature of much of the information they deal with on a daily basis.
An in depth security review was crucial for The BBA, particularly given the sensitive nature of much of the information they deal with on a daily basis.
Our response included a detailed recommendations report on improvements to both technical systems as well as some working practices.
NECL delivered significant enhancements to the security of The BBA's systems. We also helped boost the confidence of internal teams handling sensitive data.
We needed to get as close as possible to the complex needs of The BBA. But we also knew that we needed to find a flexible and agile way to gather – and act on – this information. To do this, we assigned a single point of contact to lead the process from day one.
With this learning, NECL were able to understand the relative priorities and pressures and create the quickest, leanest means of response.
We initially undertook an in-depth security review, comprising detailed recommendations on improvements to both technical systems as well as some working practices. We then implemented the improvements without delay to ensure the best possible security moving forward.
NECL delivered significant enhancements to the security of the systems in use at The BBA. We also were able to give the internal team the ongoing confidence that they are acting in the best way in how they handle their beneficiaries' data. Our lean process meant that all of this was achieved over a short period of time, within limited budgets.
We are now responsible for their entire IT network – updating hardware, providing IT support as well as project managing the development of bespoke software to perfectly suit their needs.


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How to build a gaming PC
By Jarred Walton, Wes Fenlon, Bo Moore, Zak Storey 2019-04-02T13:00:00Z
This is our easy walkthrough to building a PC for the first time, with a video showing each step of the process.
There's never been a better time to be a PC gamer. Games that push the envelope of graphical fidelity look best on the PC, and it's the first stop for independent developers making creative and surprising new games. Nearly every new genre, like battle royale, got its start on the PC. And the best part is that building a great gaming PC doesn't need to cost a ton of money, with capable budget rigs starting at under $750. If there's one potential cause for concern, it's that those new to the process may find themselves wondering how to build a gaming PC (of course, you can skip ahead and grab one of the best gaming PCs prebuilt and ready to plug and play). But we're here to help.
Our example build
For this build, we're using the following components. Your build will likely differ slightly, and depending on component choices you might need to rearrange a few steps, but the process is mostly universal, and the end result should look and function similarly:
Motherboard: MSI Z370 Gaming Pro Carbon AC
Memory: G.Skill TridentZ RGB 16GB DDR4-3200
Graphics card: MSI GeForce RTX 2070
OS SSD: Samsung 970 Evo 500GB
Data SSD: Intel 760p 2TB
CPU Cooler: NZXT Kraken X62
Power supply: EVGA SuperNova 750 G3
Case: NZXT H440 Razer Edition
If you're ready to take the plunge and build your next rig, our step-by-step guide will walk you through the process of how to build a gaming PC, and our instructional video above covers each major step. Seriously, putting together your PC isn't much tougher than putting together a model kit or a big Lego set.
Here are some general starting tips before getting into the step-by-step process:
You want to avoid static electricity, so build your PC on a table or some flat surface away from carpet. Dispel any built-up bodily charge by touching a grounded metal object before you touch sensitive PC components. If you're not rubbing your socked feet back and forth and building up a static charge, you're probably fine. You'll also want good lighting, and maybe even a flashlight (your smartphone can probably suffice).
Open your motherboard manual to the diagram page that shows a layout of the motherboard. If you ever get confused about what goes where, the labels on this page should help you sort it out. PC Gamer readers have also given us some great tips, which we've compiled here.
Today's best prices on our example build
Intel Core i7-8700k Desktop...
G.SKILL Trident Z RGB...
G.Skill Trident Z RGB 16GB DDR4-3200
MSI Gaming GeForce RTX 2070...
MSI GeForce RTX 2070 Gaming Z
Samsung 970 EVO SSD 500GB -...
Intel SSD 760P Series (128GB,...
Intel 760p SSD
NZXT RL-KRX62-02 Kraken X62...
NZXT Kraken X62
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EVGA SuperNOVA G3 750W...
EVGA SuperNOVA G3 750W
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Note: our original build featured an MSI GTX 1080 X, however that card has since been discontinued and is now much more expensive than it should be. As such, we've replaced it with the current-gen RTX 2070, which comes in at about the same price and power level as the GTX 1080 originally did.
Build steps
For this build, we're using the components shown in the list and gallery above. Your build will likely differ slightly, but most of the steps below are universal and will look and function very similarly.
1. Install the CPU
The Complete Guide to PC Gaming
PC Gamer is going back to the basics with a series of guides, how-tos, and deep dives into PC gaming's core concepts that we're calling The Complete Guide to PC Gaming. There's much more to come, and it's all being made possible by Razer, which stepped up to support this months-long project. Thanks, Razer!
Parts used: Motherboard, CPU
If you're yet to choose one, here's our guide to the best CPUs for gaming. Got it? Now, remove your gaming motherboard from its anti-static sleeve and place it on a clean, flat surface. Remove the protective plastic covering over the CPU socket on the motherboard by pushing the lever arm down and to the side, then pulling the covering up. Now you're ready to install the processor.
Open your CPU box and take the processor out. It's probably safely housed in a plastic sleeve. Look at the CPU and match the arrow on the bottom-left corner of the chip with the bottom corner of the socket. There are also two notches on the top half of the chip. The pins face down, so the plain silver side should be facing up. There's only one possible way to correctly orient the CPU, which makes it easy to install.
The CPU fits into the socket, and you don't need to press down to force it into place. It doesn't 'snap' in—it just rests on top of the pins. To finish the installation, simply lower the socket covering and push the lever arm back into place.
2. Install any M.2 SSDs
Parts used: motherboard, M.2 SSDs
If you're using an M.2 SSD, which we like to do—both to remove a couple of cables from our completed build as well as for performance reasons, now is also a good time to take care of that. You can do it later, but with the board out in the open it makes dealing with the small, sometimes fiddly screws much easier. Many motherboards include an M.2 slot cooler, though they're not really required. Use the first M.2 slot if there are multiple options for you OS drive. We have a second, larger M.2 drive for mass storage, which is admittedly overkill for most builds. If you're unsure, here are the best SSDs for gaming right now.
3. Snap the I/O shield into place
Parts used: PC case, motherboard I/O shield
It's time to open that shiny new PC case you bought. For most cases, opening it is as simple as undoing the thumbscrews at the back of the case that hold the panels in place, and then removing them. Now lay the case flat on your table so that the main cavity faces up.
Your motherboard usually comes with a rectangular plastic or metal I/O shield that fits over the motherboard's input/output ports—some newer boards have the IO shield permanently affixed to the motherboard, in which case you can skip this step. To install the I/O shield on the case, first orient it correctly in relation to the motherboard, then fit it into the rectangular slot at the back of the case. You'll have to press it firmly into the slot from within the case; they can be finicky to install, and the edges are sharp, so watch your fingers. Press against each side of the I/O shield until it gives you a solid snap.
4. Install the motherboard standoffs in the PC case and screw in the motherboard
Parts used: PC case, motherboard standoff screws, motherboard
Your case should've come with a box or bag full of screws, zip-ties, and other odds and ends you'll use for installation. Find the motherboard standoffs—these are often gold, and the bottom halves of the standoffs are threaded, while the top halves are screw holes that you'll be screwing the motherboard into. (Note that some cases have built-in standoffs that allow you to skip this step.) Now is also a good time to find the correct screws for the standoffs that will hold the motherboard in place.
Examine your case. There should be about a dozen small holes around the inside of the case where the standoffs go. Depending on your case, they may be labeled for different size motherboards: A for ATX, M for micro ATX, and I for mini ITX. If you're using a standard ATX motherboard, there should be nine standoffs, potentially pre-installed. You can also check your motherboard for the appropriate holes, which are usually surrounded by small metal dots. Either way, you'll want the appropriate standoffs screwed into the correct holes. You can use either a small socket wrench that fits the standoffs, or some cases come with a 'standoff installer' that you can use with a screwdriver.
With the standoffs in place, it's time to screw in the motherboard. Orient it so that the I/O ports line up properly with the I/O shield, then lower the motherboard until it's resting on the standoffs. Most cases have a peg that fits up through a hole in the center of the motherboard, so if you have it properly positioned, it should now be locked into place. Once the motherboard is in place, install and tighten the screws down—and don't overtighten, just tight enough that things are secure.
5. Connect all the appropriate case wires to the motherboard
Parts used: PC case, motherboard
This is often the trickiest step for first-time PC builders. There are usually multiple connections from the case to the motherboard, and the number and type of cable as well as where these connect on the motherboard varies. You'll want to refer to your specific motherboard manual here. Find the section on front panel connectors. All cases will have a power switch at a minimum, and most include a reset switch as well as LEDs for power and storage activity.
There should be a wad of cables somewhere inside the case, including any included fans, USB, and audio ports. The USB and audio connectors look similar but are keyed differently, so you can't install them on the wrong pin cluster on the motherboard. USB 3.0 connectors are larger, and some boards and cases have a new USB 3.1 Gen2 connector. These should all be labeled, and plugging them in is as simple as reading your manual and figuring out what goes where.
The power, reset, and LED connections are more difficult, because they are tiny and you need to match the appropriate power and ground connectors to the correct pins. The power and reset switches can be reversed, but the LED leads have to be installed properly or you won't get any lights. The cables from the case should have a small triangle on the positive connector, or if you have white and colored cables, the white cables are for ground ('negative') and the colored cables are positive.
6. Install the power supply
Parts used: Power supply, PC case, power supply cables
The first part of this step is easy. Take your power supply out of its box and set aside all the cables, which you'll be using a bit later. Depending on the model, the power supply may be completely modular (in which case, no cables are permanently attached), partially modular (primary motherboard power cables are hardwired in), or not at all modular (a whole big mess of permanently attached cables). Regardless, this step of the installation process is the same: you're going to put the PSU into the case, usually at the bottom, so that the rear vent, power plug, and on/off switch face out of the back of the case.
Depending on your case, you may have the option to orient the power supply face up or face down. See the big fan on top of your power supply? If your case has a vent at the bottom, you can orient that fan down to pull in cool air from below the case. But don't orient the PSU downwards if your PC will be resting on carpet. The fan needs clear airflow. If your case doesn't have that ventilation at the bottom, simply orient the power supply so that the fan faces up, into the case.
Our case has a mounting bracket that we first screw into the power supply, and then the power supply slides into the back of the case. Use the power supply screws that came with it (or potentially screws that came with your case) and screw it in tight. You'll then need to use the case thumbscrews to secure the mounting bracket to the case. But before you do that, or modular power supplies, it's a good idea to attach the appropriate cables.
We have a fully modular PSU, so we'll need the primary 24-pin ATX connector and the secondary 8-pin EPS12V connector for the motherboard, one PCIe cable with two 8-pin PEG connectors, plus any SATA/Molex cables for fans and storage. Feed these cables through the PSU hole at the bottom of the case as you slide the power supply into place, and then use the thumbscrews to hold it in.
7. Connect power to the motherboard and fans
Parts used: PC case, fan cables, power supply cables
Now that we have the power supply installed, it's time to connect the other ends of several of the cables: you need to supply power to the motherboard, parts of the case, and later your graphics card. Route the fat 24-pin ATX cable to the appropriate area in your case, using space behind the motherboard tray if possible. The EPS12V cable goes to the top-left of our system, where there's a small cutout, and because we're using a larger AIO cooler we need to connect that first. It helps to get a power supply with cables that are long enough to reach the desired location with some additional leeway.
Our particular case has a built-in fan controller hub with pre-wired fans on the front of the case. The whole thing gets power from a single Molex connector, which makes things a lot easier. Other cases may require you to connect fans to the motherboard's fan headers or separate Molex connectors. It's a good practice to try to keep the wiring and cables tidy, especially in the front area where the CPU and graphics card will want as much airflow as possible.
8. Install the CPU AIO cooler
Parts used: PC case, AIO cooler, motherboard, power cables, thermal paste (may be pre-installed)
One of the more time-consuming parts of assembling any build is the process of installing your CPU cooler. Unless you're using an included box cooler (see above), you'll need to first add the appropriate mounting bracket to your motherboard, then install the cooler itself. We're using a large 240mm AIO cooler, which has a big radiator with two 120mm fans. Lower tier builds, particularly if you're not going to overclock, can get by with far less cooling.
Check the cooler for size and clearance before adding the fans, as you might run into orientation issues or simply not have enough space. This is where places like PCPartPicker.com can be handy, since it has a compatibility filter that should ensure all your parts will fit in your selected case and work with your chosen motherboard. As noted above, the Kraken X62 we're using blocks access to the EPS12V connector on the motherboard, so we had to connect that before installing the radiator.
It's generally best practice to configure your cooling to provide positive air pressure—meaning, more fans pulling air into the case than fans exhausting from the case. As such, we oriented the two fans on the radiator to be intake fans, then passed the fan cables and waterblock cables out one of the top routing locations to keep things clean.
Depending on your CPU cooler, it may already come with thermal paste applied, but if you want to use a different thermal paste, you should remove any pre-applied paste. The Kraken X62 comes with a circle of thermal paste already in place, and we've found it works fine. If you're using a different cooler and need to apply paste, a small pea-sized blob in the center of the CPU works well. You can also use an 'X' or a line about the size of a grain of rice. In general, how you apply the thermal paste isn't usually critical—use enough but not too much, and let the pressure from the heatsink or waterblock spread out the paste. The result you're looking for is a thin, even layer between the cooler and the CPU, not a big gloopy mess.
Installing the waterblock is pretty easy once you've got the mounting bracket and fans in place: just place it over the CPU and tighten the four thumbscrews. Do this in an 'X' pattern, partially tightening the screws first and then fully tightening once all the screws/bolts are in place.
The Kraken X62 has multiple connections: two for the fans that we've routed behind the motherboard, one for the motherboard's CPU fan header (so that your motherboard knows the CPU is being cooled), one USB 2.0 connector for the motherboard (this allows control of the fan speeds via software in Windows), and one SATA power connector that powers the pump as well as the fans. It's less complex than it sounds. The fans connect to leads that come off the waterblock, the motherboard CPU fan header connects to a different lead from the waterblock, the SATA power connector only fits the PSU SATA connectors, and the USB connector typically hooks up near the bottom of your motherboard.
9. Slot in the RAM
Parts used: motherboard, RAM
This step is super easy, and it can be done now, much earlier in the build (eg, before installing the motherboard into the case), or even later. Take your RAM sticks (you probably have two, or perhaps four if you're going for a high-end X299 or X399 build) out of their packaging.
Before installing, refer to your motherboard manual's page about the RAM slots. This page will tell you which RAM slots are the ideal slots to use based on how many sticks you have. The slots are sometimes color coordinated, but on most modern boards you'll want to install two sticks into slots 2 and 4.
Once you know where you're putting the RAM, unlock the slots by pushing down on the hinged tabs on one or both ends. Orient your RAM so that the notch on the stick matches with the notch on the slot. Then press the RAM sticks firmly into the slots. Don't worry about pressing too hard—it takes some pressure. The tabs will click into place when the sticks are fully inserted. One of the most common reasons a new PC won't boot is that the RAM is unseated, so double check to make sure they've clicked in properly. If in any doubt, here's the best RAM for gaming right now.
10. Install hard drives and/or SATA SSDs
Parts used: PC case, SATA HDD/SSD, SATA power and data cables
If you but a single large M.2 SSD, you could completely omit this step, but we included an extra SATA SSD in our build video for reference. Hard drives have much higher capacities with lower prices, but they're much slower than SSDs and we often omit them in high-end builds. If you prefer larger but slightly slower SATA SSDs over M.2, that's also completely viable. Even if you love fast SSD storage, it's not a bad idea to add a 4TB or larger HDD for mass storage and backup purposes.
Our case has multiple 3.5/2.5-inch storage trays, which can be used with HDDs or SSDs. It also has a pair of dedicated 2.5-inch SSD mount points, which is what we've used in our video. Most modern cases include convenient trays that slide in and out, or plastic runners that snap onto the sides of the HDD. Orient your HDD or SSD so that its ports face out of the back of the tray. This will allow you to run power and data cables behind the motherboard tray and out of sight, keeping the interior cavity nice and clear.
Once your drives are installed, it's time to plug 'em in. Find the SATA data cables included with your motherboard and plug those into the small SATA ports on the drives. The SATA port is notched, so the cable can only fit one way. After the SATA data cable comes the SATA power cable. We attached the necessary cable in an earlier step, and you should have several extras included with the power supply. If you have an HDD and SATA SSD that are close together, you should only need one cable to power them both.
Final step: your SATA data cables are probably just dangling from the drives right now. Thread them through one of the cable management openings into the main case cavity and plug them into the SATA data ports on the motherboard. They're usually located on the right side of the board, conveniently close to a cable management opening. Which port should you use? All of them should work fine, but refer to your motherboard manual for information on the SATA controller. It will tell you which ports belong to the motherboard chipset (we recommend using those) versus a third-party SATA controller.
11. Insert the graphics card
Parts used: PC case, motherboard, graphics card, power supply
Here we are: the final step before your gaming rig is fully operational. Find the first x16 PCIe slot on your motherboard—the long slot closest to the CPU socket—and remove the expansion slot cover plates to the left of it. Nearly all video cards use a dual-slot design, which means you need to remove the cover plate directly left of the PCIe slot, and the one below it. To take them off, simply unscrew the thumbscrews and slide them out.
Now align your graphics card's PCIe interface with the slot and press it into place. When it's slotted in, re-insert the thumbscrews you just took out to keep the graphics card strongly locked into place.
All that's left is to feed it power. We connected an appropriate cable with two 6/8-pin PEG connectors above, so just route those through an opening close to the graphics card and then plug them in. Depending on how much power your card needs, you might need to use a single 6-pin or 8-pin connection (use the extra 2-pin attachment that fits snugly against the 6-pins), or some graphics cards will need up to two 8-pin connections. With your graphics card fully powered, you're ready to game. Well, almost.
12. Tidying up, powering on, BIOS updates, and troubleshooting
Don't completely close your case just yet. Before you do, you should see if your computer is working as intended. Plug in the system and attach a monitor (make sure you plug the monitor cable into the video card) and a keyboard, the bare essentials for seeing if the system will boot. Then make sure the power switch on the back of the PSU is in the on position and press the case's power button.
If the computer turns on, that's a promising start! If you see the BIOS screen pop up on the monitor, that's even better. Assuming your PC powers on, there are a few final steps to take.
Now is also a great time to tidy up all those loose cables behind the motherboard tray, using either zip-ties, Velcro straps, or twist ties. A lot of cases and power supplies include one or more of those, so you shouldn't need any extra bits. Depending on your case, you might not have a lot of extra space behind the motherboard tray, in which case you want the cables to lie flat if possible—no big clusters or the side panel won't go back on (this is a potential issue with the H440 case). Other cases may give you an inch or so of clearance, and if so you should have no issues getting the sides on.
If you get any kind of error message here that doesn't immediately make sense, Google's probably your best resource. It could be an issue common to your motherboard, so you can try searching for the error message plus the name of your motherboard. If you get nothing at all—no lights or beeps or moving fans—the most likely cause is a loose on improperly connected cable. Double check that everything is plugged in where it needs to be, especially the front panel power switch wire. With a little jiggling, you'll likely have a working PC.
If everything worked properly up to this point, the final steps are to check for an updated motherboard BIOS. You'll need to do this from a different PC and download the appropriate file to a USB stick. Modern motherboards allow updating the BIOS from within the BIOS screen, which is much easier than the old boot disks of yesteryear. Once your BIOS is updated, at a minimum we recommend enabling the XMP memory setting and configuring your date/time and boot device. Then you just need to install an OS and you're all set.
Enjoy your new gaming PC and take pride in the fact that you assembled it yourself! When the time comes to upgrade anything in the future, as it inevitably will, you're now better prepared to do so. Also, don't forget to clean out the dust at least once every six months, if not quarterly. Dust reduces cooling performance and increases heat buildup, and it's the enemy of high-performance gaming PCs.
On the next page, we've compiled some advanced building tips and troubleshooting advice.
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Complete Guide to PC Gaming
PC Gaming 101
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