text:
14/05/2019 12:43 PM IST | Updated 15/05/2019 3:42 PM IST
Is The Neta App Publishing Opinion Polls During Elections? EC Officials Think So
The app, launched just months ago, is gathering data from millions of voters to build up political profiles with detailed information that could be of great use to political parties.
By Gopal Sathe
Rachna Khaira
BENGALURU/CHANDIGARH — Neta App, a phone app that gathers voter data by asking citizens to "rate" their politicians, has attracted the ire of the Chief Election Officer of Punjab, who said the app violates the Election Commission of India's ban on publishing the results of any opinion poll during the voting season when the model code of conduct is in force.
The Chief Election Officer of Punjab has raised these concerns in a letter to the Secretary of the Election Commission of India. HuffPost India has accessed the letter, which states:
"As per Election Commission guidelines, 'Section 126 (1) (b) of the RP Act 1951, displaying any election matter including results of any opinion poll or any other poll survey, in any electronic media would be prohibited during the period'. Hence, above mentioned apps are violating the model code of conduct."
"You are requested to write to Google and Apple Companies to immediately remove these apps from the Play/App Store."
The app, which has been downloaded over 1 million times on the Android Play Store, is still available there. In August 2018, Business Standard had quoted Mittal as saying that over 15 million "verified voters" had registered their preferences on the app.The business model of the app, Neta's founder Pratham Mittal told HuffPost India, is to monetise data harvested from users by selling it to media houses.
Some people have also raised concerns because of the background of the app's creators. Mittal, Neta App's founder, comes from the family that owns Lovely Professional University — a private educational institute that recently hosted Prime Minister Narendra Modi and several Bharatiya Janata Party ministers and senior leaders at the latest edition of the Indian Science Congress in January.
The company's CEO is Robbin Sharma, the cofounder of IPAC — a political consultancy that, in its previous avatar as Citizens for Accountable Governance (CAG), oversaw Modi's 2014 election campaign. He is now on hiatus from the company, to work on Priyanka Gandhi's campaign.
Earlier this year, Jagdeep Chhokar of election watchdog Association for Democratic Reforms, and Jaskirat Singh, a software professional, wrote that the app can be used to create a large scale Cambridge Analytica style database of individuals and their voting preferences, in a piece for The Wire.
"There is an app which has the potential to influence voters because its internal working does not seem to be clear or transparent," they wrote. "It therefore seems necessary for the Election Commission of India to satisfy itself and the voters that this effort does not pose any threat to the integrity of democracy in India in general and the 2019 election in particular."
For the latest elections news and more, follow HuffPost India on Twitter, Facebook, and subscribe to our newsletter.
Users can also see detailed rankings across parties, states or constituencies. The app also shows party standings (at the time of writing, it's predicting that 213 seats will go to the BJP). Users can also leave feedback for different leaders—in the wake of the controversy between Aatishi and Gautam Gambhir, most of the recent comments have been about these two politicians, although PM Modi also keeps getting comments in the feed.
When you open the app, it asks you who you're going to vote for, and also to rate the Prime Minister, which is used to predict results, and to show an approval rating. According to the company, it uses a number of mechanisms to prevent fake voters with OTP-based authentication of phones, and AI systems that track user behaviour. This also means that the app ends up collecting a huge amount of data about the political preferences of its users—data which, as has been extensively reported by HuffPost India, is extremely valuable to political parties out to manipulate your vote.
What does the Neta app do?
The Neta app is like Zomato for politicians. Once you download it, the app captures your location to show you the politicians who represent you, asks you who you will vote for, and allows you to rate these leaders.
It also asks you to rate the Prime Minister, and claims to show an approval rating. The company claims it uses "artificial intelligence" and OTP-based phone authentication to weed out so-called "fake voters", but none of these claims can be independently verified. These "security measures' mean the app ends up collecting a huge amount of data about the political preferences of its users—data which, as hasbeen extensively reported by HuffPost India, is extremely valuable topolitical parties out to manipulate your vote.
Users can also see detailed rankings across parties, states, or constituencies.
Users can also leave feedback for different leaders—in the wake of thecontroversy between Aatishi and Gautam Gambhir, most of the recent comments have been about these two politicians, although PM Modi also keeps getting comments in the feed.
The app also uses voter preference data to predict party standings (at the time of writing, it's predicting that 213 seats will go to the BJP), which — some election commission officials feel — mean it is functioning as an opinion poll, which cannot be published when elections are underway.
Is the Neta app allowed to gather this data?
The Election Commission does not think so.
"The company in a full-page advertisement published on March 21 this year in a regional daily has offered a chance to win Rs 10,000 for downloading the app on mobiles. This is an example of 'inducement' and is prohibited under section 123 of RPA," said Dr S Karuna Raju, Chief Election Officer, Punjab.
"The app is silently conducting surveys, publicising contestants and sharing voters preferences with third parties which is again prohibited during the model code of conduct," Raju told HuffPost India.
In 2019, much has changed, and the EC now has to grapple with the problem of social media and undeclared political advertising; advertising that goes on during the official silence periods; andmass messaging through "dark" platforms likeWhatsApp. With the Neta app, there's the question of voter data being gathered, and also the possibility of people's votes being exposed.
Mittal, however, says that this does not apply to what his company is doing.
The company emailed HuffPost India the following statement in response to our questions:
The app is a real time aggregator of people's ratings of their leaders on the platform, just like Zomato allows people to rate restaurants.
It does not aim to predict election results - that requires deeper statistical analysis including techniques like sampling, normalisation etc. which we do not offer on the app.
The idea behind the app is to offer our leaders and their parties a feedback on their performance and I think we have been able to do it fairly successfully with over 2.5 crore people rating their leaders and 77 lakh participating by putting up stories and messages for their leaders.
That said, with large number of people rating their leaders on the app, it does inadvertently end up offering a sense of which parties and candidates may be doing well across constituencies. However, that is purely coincidental and besides the objective.
Monetising user data
Although Mittal is clear that Neta does not sell voter data to politicians, he agrees that the business makes it money from user data, and voting preferences. However, it mostly does this through a series of deals with various media houses, which use Neta's data and analysis for TV panels, and infographics, among other things.
"When I was living in the US, I launched a B2B company called Outgrow, which is a polling tech company," Mittal explained. "It provided tech to publishers like NYT, and the Guardian and others. We did a lot of data analytics work. But I wanted to come back to India, to be closer to my parents. So that was kind of the genesis of Neta, because we wanted to bring the same kind of expertise here. And I thought that the way to do it was to let people give ratings, the way you're used to on all apps now."
We were never meant to be an election app but an accountability app, and we're not thinking about 2019 but the next five years.Pratham Mittal
"Ratings make Uber drivers better, so why not our politicians, right?" he added. "And in the future we want to be able to see who are the political candidates who are actually doing good work, and solving the issues people want, and parties could use that to give tickets to the right people."
Right now, according to Mittal, Neta is offering data to TV channels for panels and analysis. It also closed a deal with the Times of India in March, to provide data, infographics, and analysis for the elections. According to a VCCircle report, this is part of a series of deals with media groups that's worth $10 million.
"The major thing right now is how we can monetise the data by working with the media, for opinion polls and exit polls," Mittal said. "Politicians will only see the data that any user would see on the app, we don't share any insights with them directly because we want to maintain our credibility and independence."
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Behind the curtain though, there's a lot of data that is available. Mittal says this information is anonymised, although experts have shown how demographic information such as location information, age, and so on can allow a fair degree of targeting. Meanwhile, Neta can track the different areas of interest that people show—for example, Mittal explained over the phone, the company can track overlapping areas of interest, so it can see what people who felt negatively about the Rafale deal are saying about demonetization, for example.
"We're still figuring out how this can grow. Right now we're just building credibility and making it very clear that we're businessmen, we're not connected to any party," said Mittal. "We were never meant to be an election app but an accountability app, and we're not thinking about 2019 but the next five years. And while we're not tracking any user data, the data that we do have, it's not editorial, it reflects what all the people are saying, without any personally identifiable information."
Lakshadweep's Model Code Violations Are The Kind We Wish The Rest Of India Had
Modi's Kolkata Rally Shows BJP Has No Plan B. Plan A Is Hindutva.
Raj Thackeray: The Threat Modi Never Saw Coming
Templatised privacy policy
It's also worth pointing out that the privacy policy of the app is not very well defined. While Mittal says that the app does not collect personal data, the policy states "we may require you to provide us with certain personally identifiable information, including but not limited to name, phone number, location. The information that we request is will be retained by us and used as described in this privacy policy."
"The app does use third party services that may collect information used to identify you." It goes on to state that third-parties that provide services for the app also have access to your personal information, although they are obligated not to disclose or use that information for any other purpose. However, this is a template privacy policy created on privacypolicytemplate.net so it might not fully reflect the way data is being used.
However, in its FAQs, the company says this about sharing data with third parties: "Absolutely not. We do not share sensitive political data with anyone. In fact, all of our data is encrypted and even our team does not have access to it!"
When asked about this, the company responded that personal data is not required to use the app, people may "choose to divulge those details. That's when the privacy policy kicks in."
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The Real Story Behind Modi's Blooming Romance With Bollywood
Gopal Sathe Editor, Technology.
Rachna Khaira Principal Correspondent (Tech & Privacy)
MORE: elections 2019 tech elections privacy politics voting data neta app
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With the Buffalo Bills officially eliminated from playoff contention and their playoff drought restarted, it is time to turn our attention to the NFL draft. The Bills currently hold the 6th pick in the NFL draft, moving up from 8th last week. This week is another game that has serious draft implications for both teams with the Bills sitting at 4 wins and the Lions at 5 wins.
You can see that the Bills are in a complicated spot, only 1 game out of the top pick, but also only 1 game from the 11th pick. Now, the strength-of-schedule (SOS) tiebreaker will determine the final seedings, but these final three games will go a long way in determining where everyone ends up. I doubt the Bills will end up with the 1st pick in the draft, but hey…ya never know. My guess is they end up around 7 or 8.
The obvious one. Not that I advocate for losing, but there seems to be a growing consensus among fan bases that once teams are eliminated from the playoffs the best thing they can do is lose and help build for the future. It is no longer taboo to root for your team to lose (Buffalo News vs. Sabres tank fans) Another loss this week would pretty much guarantee the Bills at best a 5-11 record if you count another loss next week at NE. Again, I'm rooting for Josh Allen to play well but in the end I won't be torn up about it if the Bills lose. A Bills win this week and some other games not going their way and they could move up the draft board…a lot.
The Jets SOS is so low that they would need another win to let the Bills move in front of them in the draft order. Root for the Jets to win their 2nd in a row against the Texans.
The Superbowl of games for draft order for the Bills, besides their own. Potentially, a win by either team combined with a Buffalo loss would move Buffalo past them. A Bills loss and a Falcons win would definitely move the Bills up. A Bills loss and a Cardinals win would be close…right now Arizona would have the spot by .002 but SOS changes with every game played.
Root for Oakland here. A Raiders win combined with a Bills loss would move the Bills past them. Pretty remarkable to think about when you consider how bad the Raiders are.
In the event the Bills win, we want to limit collateral damage. So, root for the Giants to pick up a win to keep the Giants behind the Bills in the draft order.
Same reasoning as above, root for Jacksonville in the event the Bills win so they do not drop too far down the draft board.
Root for Tampa. Same reasoning as above.
Probably the least likely of outcomes, but root for the 49ers in this one. Again, the Bills and 49ers SOS is so close that by the end of year you never know who could grab the spot if the two teams were tied.
This entry was posted in Analysis, Game Previews and tagged Bills, Bills Blog, Buffalo Authority, Buffalo Authority Blog, Buffalo Bills, NFL Draft. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
Spilled Secrets
We Should've Seen DNC Hacks Coming, Says Former NatSec Official
What's new isn't Russian hacks, but merging traditional espionage operations with propaganda efforts.
Shane Harris
Photo Illustration by The Daily Beast
The hacking of U.S. political organizations that intelligence agencies say is meant to "interfere" in the upcoming election should come as no surprise, a former top national security official said Thursday.
"I think this is one we all should have been able to see was coming," John Carlin, who stepped down this month as the assistant attorney general for national security, said during a panel on election security at the Aspen Institute, a nonpartisan think tank, in Washington.
When he was in office, Carlin oversaw the investigation and indictment of foreign hackers who spied on U.S. companies and broke into the control systems of a dam in New York.
This is hardly the first election cycle in which hackers have targeted political organizations, Carlin noted. In 2008, he was part of an FBI team that briefed then Sen. Barack Obama and his GOP rival, Sen. John McCain, on foreign hackers that had broken into the campaigns' email systems.
And the Russian hackers linked to the hacking of the Democratic National Committee and other organizations have a history of breaking into U.S. government agencies.
What's different now, Carlin said, is that the Russians are merging their traditional espionage operations with propaganda efforts that have previously been seen mostly in Europe. There, the Kremlin has tried to influence political campaigns and elections through the propagation of false or misleading information online.
Carlin likened the Russian hacks to a previous attack by North Korea on the computer systems of Sony Pictures Entertainment, saying each represented "an attempt to undermine a core value." In the case of Sony, where hackers retaliated against the company for releasing a satirical film about North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, the Obama administration said the Hermit Kingdom had tried to undermine freedom of speech.
A senior administration official told The Daily Beast earlier this month that the U.S. response to the North Korean hacks would guide the response to the Russian campaign.
In that case, the administration took what it deemed a "proportionate" response, and sanctioned North Korean individuals and conducted limited cyber attacks on North Korean networks.
Whatever the administration has in store for Russia is likely to wait until after Election Day. U.S. officials familiar with the planning said any response would likely be taken in coordination with the president-elect and his or her national security team.
In an apparent rebuttal to skeptics who have questioned how U.S. intelligence agencies can be so sure that Russia is behind the campaign, Carlin said that the government had gotten very good at attributing the source of intrusions, using both technical information as well as human intelligence and other methods. In the Sony hack, for example, he said investigators called in a "behavioral analyst" with a background in computer analysis to examine not only the technical evidence, but to try and build a personal profile of the hackers themselves.
"Make no mistake. It's hard, but it's not impossible," Carlin said, to connect individual actors to a specific operation.
Other experts on the panel said that while hackers have clearly tried to undermine confidence in the election, they'd find it exceptionally difficult to alter vote counts and sway the election to one candidate. That's because the presidential election is essentially 50 individual state elections, and that decentralized structure makes it difficult for hackers to manipulate vote counts.
But former officials and experts stressed that hackers could still meddle with voter registration files or even try to cause widespread Internet disruptions like the one that took down major websites last week. Mass "disruption" on Election Day could have a ripple effect, undermining confidence in the security of the process and the integrity of the vote.
"I can't imagine a greater threat to democracy," said Trevor Potter, the former commissioner of the Federal Election Commission and the general counsel for McCain's 2008 and 2000 presidential campaigns.
But there are chances for hackers to manipulate or even steal ballots.
Susannah Goodman, the director of voting integrity at Common Cause, said that military and overseas voters in particular should be cautious when casting ballots this year. They're allowed to return ballots via email, but Goodman said they'd be better off printing out the ballots and mailing them then putting such important information at risk of being intercepted.
"It's not something you would do with your Social Security number, it's not something you should do with your ballot," Goodman said.
She also worried that Republican nominee Donald Trump's warnings that the election has been "rigged" against him could be seen as a "force of intimidation" if the supporters he's asked to show up polling places to observe the process aggressively question voters standing in line about their registration status or whether they're allowed to vote in a particular precinct.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: SharePoint 2010 sandboxed deployment error - partial trust app domain I'm in the process of creating a sandboxed web part, during debugging though once it is on the site the web part displays the error shown below:
Web Part Error: Unhandled exception was thrown by the sandboxed code wrapper's Execute method in the partial trust app domain: An unexpected error has occurred.
      Com.SharePointKings.Webparts.Com.SharePointKings.Webparts
        {

      public class CustomListViewWebPart : System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts.WebPart
        {
     #region Variable Declaration
      private string strlisttolink = string.Empty;
         private string strViewOfSourceList = string.Empty;
        private string strQuery = string.Empty;

    #endregion
   #region Properties

      //Get and Set Property of the Source List
    [Personalizable(true),
            WebBrowsable(),
          WebDisplayName("List Name"),
         WebDescription("Pass the Name of the List")]
         //Get and Set Property of the Source List
    public string ListToLink
        {
  get
       {
        return strlisttolink;
      }
    set
       {
 strlisttolink = value;
        }
 }

       [Personalizable(true),
       WebBrowsable(),
     WebDisplayName("View"),
  WebDescription("Pass Name of the View that you will like to apply to the List")]
      //Get and Set Property of the Source List
      public string ViewOfSourceList
              {
            get
        {
        return strViewOfSourceList;
    }
       set
     {
   strViewOfSourceList = value;
          }
     }
    [Personalizable(true),
        WebBrowsable(),
      WebDisplayName("Query"),
        WebDescription("Pass the Filter Query")]
      //Get and Set Property of the Source List
    public string FilterQuery
       {
       get
      {
        return strQuery;
      }
      set
     {
          strQuery = value;
           }
         }

      #endregion

       public CustomListViewWebPart()
      {
       this.ExportMode = WebPartExportMode.All;
        }

         protected override void CreateChildControls()
        {
         base.CreateChildControls();

         try
             {

       SPWeb web = SPContext.Current.Web;
           SPList list = web.Lists[ListToLink];

      ViewToolBar toolbar = new ViewToolBar();

        SPContext context = SPContext.GetContext(this.Context,  list.Views[ViewOfSourceList].ID,                list.ID, SPContext.Current.Web);

           toolbar.RenderContext = context;

          Controls.Add(toolbar);

     // Instantiate the web part
       ListViewWebPart lvwp = new ListViewWebPart();
        lvwp.ListName = list.ID.ToString("B").ToUpper();
        lvwp.ViewGuid = list.Views[ViewOfSourceList].
      ID.ToString("B").ToUpper();

     SPView webPartView = web.Lists[ListToLink].Views[ViewOfSourceList];
       SPList objList = web.Lists[ListToLink];
      webPartView.Query = FilterQuery;

    // Remove the Toolbar!
       // First Option: Do it throught OOTB.This needs to be done from the VIEW of the Web  Part
      // Second Option: Do it trhough Coding.This line is required to ensure that all the   appropriate internal nodes of the SPView are populated

      String temp = webPartView.SchemaXml;
      System.Reflection.PropertyInfo ViewProp = lvwp.GetType().GetProperty("View",        System.Reflection.BindingFlags.NonPublic | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Instance);
      SPView spView = ViewProp.GetValue(lvwp, null) as SPView;
    // This forces a refresh of the views internal xml or the node's cild nodes are not          populated

        PropertyInfo nodeProp = webPartView.GetType().GetProperty("Node",              BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
      XmlNode node = nodeProp.GetValue(webPartView, null) as XmlNode;

        // Now get the Toolbar node from the view so we can update its type property
           XmlNode toolbarNode = node.SelectSingleNode("Toolbar");
            if (toolbarNode != null)
           {
        toolbarNode.Attributes["Type"].Value = "None";
       web.AllowUnsafeUpdates = true;
       webPartView.Update();
          web.AllowUnsafeUpdates = false;
        }
        //End Remove the Toolbar!

     web.AllowUnsafeUpdates = true;
         webPartView.Update();
      objList.Update();
          web.AllowUnsafeUpdates = false;
                lvwp.GetDesignTimeHtml();
          this.Controls.Add(lvwp);
           }
        catch (Exception ex)
    {
       Label lbl = new Label();
       lbl.Text = "Error occured: ";
       lbl.Text += ex.Message;
       this.Controls.Add(lbl);
         }
          }

         protected override void Render(HtmlTextWriter writer)
          {
     EnsureChildControls();
            base.Render(writer);
        }
       }

A: You are not allowed to use System.Reflection, it is prohibited in the SharePoint Sandbox and therefore you get this exception.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Opinion delivered April 13, 1959.
1. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW — NECESSITY FOR DETERMINING QUESTIONS OF. — Constitutional questions will not be decided if a decision can be reached on any other ground. 2. CONTRACTS — AMBIGUITY, PAROL OR EXTRINSIC EVIDENCE TO EXPLAIN. — Lease ran for a term of 60 months, commencing on July 1, 1966, and on July 1st in each year thereafter, on the same terms and conditions as herein set forth, unless either party hereto shall give to the other notice at least 30 days before the commencement of such additional period of its intention to terminate. HELD: The contract was susceptible to more than one reasonable construction and the trial court did not err in admitting evidence of the negotiations. 3. CONTRACTS — CONSTRUCTION, PURPOSES OF. — The object to be attained in interpreting a contract is to ascertain the meaning and intent of the parties. 4. CONTRACTS — TERMINATION, CONSTRUCTION OF PROVISIONS WITH REFERENCE To. — Chancellor's finding, that lease contract in question van terminable at the beginning of each 12 month period of the 5-year period by the giving of notice, held not contrary to the weight of the evidence. 5. CONTRACTS — CONSTRUCTION AGAINST ONE PREPARING. — Contracts are always construed most strongly against the one preparing them.
Appeal from Miller Chancery Court, First Division; Wesley Howard, Chancellor; affirmed.
Shaver, Tackett Jones, for appellant.
Chas. C. Wine, for appellee R. L. Torrans; LeRoy Autrey, for appellee Texarkana Airport.
This appeal is brought by appellant, Yellow Cab Company of Texarkana, Inc., from a decree of Miller County Chancery Court dismissing its prayer to restrain appellee, Texarkana Airport Authority, from terminating a contract that existed between appellant and appellee. This contract granted appellant an exclusive concession to operate a "Rent-A-Car" business at the Texarkana Municipal Airport. Upon receipt of notice from appellee Airport Authority that the contract was terminated, appellant brought this action against the Authority and appellee R. L. Torrans who is also in the "Rent-A-Car" business.
Torrans filed a cross-complaint seeking a declaratory judgment that the contract was invalid and made the City of Texarkana, Arkansas, a third-party defendant.
From a holding by the Chancellor that the contract was terminated under its expressed terms by prior notice being given appellant, this appeal followed.
The trial court erred in refusing to hold that the involved lease was for a term of five years and annually thereafter unless notice of intent to cancel be given at least thirty days prior to the commencement of any such additional annual period, and in holding that the lease was terminated on July 1, 1958. II.
The trial court erred in holding that Ordinance B746 was unconstitutional.
Point two will be discussed first.
Appellant's counsel forcefully contended throughout the trial as follows: "I want the Court to understand that we are not suing on the ordinance. We are suing on the contract. . . I am not introducing the ordinance; only the contract. That is all I am interested in." In compliance with appellant's contentions and since it has long been the rule of this Court not to pass on constitutional questions then a decision can he reached on other grounds, we will not go into the constitutionality of Ordinance B-746. Duncan v. Kirby, 228 Ark. 917, 311 S.W.2d 157.
"The term of this lease shall be GO months, commencing on July 1, 1956, and on July 1st in each year thereafter, on the same terms and conditions as herein set forth, unless either party hereto shall give to the other notice at least 30 days before the commencement of much additional period of its intention to terminate this lease, in which event this lease shall terminate on the 1st day of July in the year in which such notice is given."
Appellees rely upon Section 2 of the contract as authority in the Airport Authority to terminate the exclusive contract by giving appellant 30 days' notice prior to July 1, 19)8, of its intention to terminate, which notice was given within the time specified.
Under point one appellant alleges that the issues before the Court are: (1) Is the contract so ambiguous as to justify the trial court in admitting, over objections of the appellant, evidence of negotiations and construction by appellees as to the meaning of Section 2; and (2) did the section give the Texarkana Airport Authority the power to cancel the contract by giving 30 days' notice of its intention to cancel at a time within, and before the expiration of, the 60-month term of the lease?
After a very careful study of the contract we are of the opinion that Section 2 is so ambiguous as to be susceptible to more than one reasonable construction. Therefore, it was not error for the trial court to admit evidence of negotiations. Montgomery v. Ark. Cold Storage and Ice Co., 93 Ark. 191, 124 S.W. 768. Our rule has long been that the object to be attained in interpreting a contract is to ascertain the meaning and intent of the parties as expressed in the language used. Dent v. Industrial Oil and Gas Co., 197 Ark. 95, 122 S.W.2d 162; American Snuff Co. v. Stuckey, 197 Ark. 540, 123 S.W.2d 1063.
On June 25, 1956, the authorized agents of appellant, Yellow Cab Company of Texarkana, Inc., entered into negotiations with the Airport Commission of the City of Texarkana, Arkansas, for an exclusive concession to operate a "Rent-A-Car" business at the Texarkana Municipal Airport. Agreement was reached that appellant would receive such exclusive concession for the consideration of $60.00 per month payable monthly in advance. The minutes of the Commission's meeting show that the lease was to be for 5 years "providing the lease may be terminated by either party upon 30 days notice prior to each twelve month period."
Appellant's attorney thereafter drew up an agreement between appellant and the Commission with effective date of July 1, 1956. On July 26, 1956, by ordinance, the City Council of the City of Texarkana, Arkansas, authorized the Commission to enter into and execute the agreement on behalf of the City of Texarkana, Arkansas. Pursuant to this authorization, the Commission executed this agreement.
"It appears to the court that the clear intention of the parties to this contract was that an exclusive contract was granted to the plaintiff for 60 months, or five years, and that 60 months, or five years in order to make it easy to understand, is divided into five one-year periods. The thing that is so likely to mislead us in construing this contract, is which date do we start from July 1, 1956, or July 1, 1961, at the end of the five year period" It is clear to the court that the intentions of the parties were to start counting from July 1, 1956, and on each annual period thereafter, which would be July 1st of each year, either party to this contract could give the other party notice 30 days before the beginning of the next annual period of the contract and that this notice would terminate the remainder of the contract."
In addition to what we have said above, we also call attention to the settled rule of this Court that contracts are always construed most strongly against the one preparing them, W. T. Raleigh CO. v. Wilkes, 197 Ark. 6, 121 S.W.2d 886. Therefore, we cannot say that the Chancellor's opinion was against the weight of the evidence.


Lookup Public Records in Buchanan County, Iowa. Including Vital Birth and Death Records, Deeds, Probate, Property Records, Mortgages, Liens, Judgments, Marriage Licenses, Voter Registrar, Payroll, Military Discharges.
Established in 1837 and named for James Buchanan, the 15th POTUS, Buchanan County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2010 census, the population was 20,958, its largest community and county seat is Independence. The county covers a total of 573 square miles, 571 of which is land, and the remaining 2 square miles are water. The county is surrounded by other Iowa counties including: Clayton to the northeast, Fayette to the north, Delaware to the east, Linn to the southeast, Benton to the southwest, Black Hawk to the west and Bremer to the northwest. A total of 15 zip codes are utilized by the county and the largest is 50644.


text:
Абашев-Константиновський Авраам Львович (27.12.1900, м. Біла Церква, Київська губернія — 26. 08. 1977, Київ, УРСР) — український лікар-психіатр, доктор медичних наук. Завідувач кафедри психіатрії Київського медичного інституту.

Біографія
Навчався в Київському медичному інституті, який закінчив 1927 року. Стажувався у Олександра Гервера в  та  у 1-му Ленінградському медінституті, а потім у Києві в клініці Валентина Гаккебуша.

Працював у Київському психоневрологічному інституті. У 1930—1934 роках був старшим науковим співробітником, у 1935—1941 і 1945—1950 роках завідував клінікою інституту. У 1938 році захистив докторську дисертацію «Моторні розлади при шизофренії». З 1939 року — професор.

Паралельно в 1934—1939 роках був завідувачем кафедри психіатрії Київського медичного інституту, що тоді належала до санітарно-гігієнічного факультету.

Під час Другої світової війни служив у Червоній армії, був головним психіатром Брянського та 2-го Прибалтійського фронтів.

У 1947—1950 роках був завідувачем відділу патологічної психології Інституту психології.

У 1950 році було створено Український інститут нейрохірургії, де Авраам Абашев очолив відділення органічної психопатології.

Був членом Психоневрологічної комісії при МОЗ УРСР. Входив до редакційної ради журнала «Лікарська справа». Нагороджений двома орденами і низкою медалей.

Науковий внесок
Досліджував органічні ураження мозку при травмах, пухлинах, нейроінфекціях, судинних хворобах, шизофренії тощо. Описав локальні ураження кори та інших відділів головного мозку та їхній вплив на розвиток симптомів та змін свідомості.

Його іменем названий синдром Абашева-Константиновського.

Наукові праці
Авраам Абашев є автором понад 100 наукових публікацій, серед яких 5 монографій.

 Моторные нарушения при шизофрении. Киев: Медгиз УССР, 1939. 137 с.
 Воздушная контузия мозга. Рига: VAPP, 1945. 43 с.
 За здоровий побут молоді. Київ: Молодь, 1954. 48 с.
 Психічні порушення при органічних захворюваннях головного мозку. Київ: Держмедвидав УРСР, 1959. 247 с.
 Психопатология при опухолях головного мозга. Москва: Медицина, 1973. 200 с.
 О патологии сознания при стволовых и подкорковых поражениях головного мозга // Журн. невропат. и психиатр. им. С. С. Корсакова. — 1961. — Т. 61. — No 1. — С. 78–85.

Примітки

Джерела
  Редакція ВУЕ. Авраам Львович Абашев-Константиновський, Авраам Львович // Велика українська енциклопедія (дата звернення: 21.02.2021)
 Абашев-Константиновський Авраам Львович . Державна установа Інститут нейрохірургії ім. акад. А. П. Ромоданова НАМН України
 Ю. П. Зозуля. Абашев-Константинівський Авраам Львович  // , 2001

Посилання
 Фото Абашева-Константиновського з колегами (1926)

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Michael and Manfred carried the presents back into the barn, one by one. Their mother had given them a lift and was now standing outside, still looking upset. Their father was nowhere to be seen. Once they were done, their mother told them to wait in the car while she went inside with Ludwig, Meli and the mayor. Manfred didn't know what the adults were talking about, but he quickly became bored waiting, so left his brother in the car and walked over to the goats. Gary came to him and licked his outstretched hand.
A tear ran down his cheek and he had to sniff a few times before he could talk again.
"When we get home we'll get hell. My dad will beat us all up again, and whenever I want to go to the police he threatens Michael. Oh goat, I don't know what to do," Manfred said and sobbed his way back to the car.
As soon as he had turned away, Gary raced towards the barn, from which the adults were just leaving. Whilst the boys' mother was returned to her car and the policewoman was talking to the mayor, he nudged Ludwig urgently. The farmer stepped to the side to hear what his goat had to say.
Ludwig was alarmed at Gary's story and told the others about it. The mayor confirmed that there had been rumours for a while that the boys' father was violent, certainly everyone knew he was an alcoholic, but no-one ever had enough evidence and his family never went near the police.
"Meli, you have to protect them from him!" Ludwig implored.
They looked at each other, understood and left to secretly follow the boys home. This time Ludwig didn't leave Gary behind.


text:
9 Mar 2017 - 10:40am
The Men's Tjilirra Movement: a fight to save a dying culture
Showing off some of the finished products. (Living Black/Ryan Liddle)
Western Desert culture has been alive in Central Australia for thousands of years. However it is at risk of fading away. Reconnecting elders with the younger generation is a key factor in stemming the tide, but it's not quite that simple. Watch the full report tonight at 9pm on Living Black on NITV.
Ryan Liddle
1 Mar 2017 - 4:00 PM UPDATED 9 Mar 2017 - 10:40 AM
Passed on generation to generation through song, dance, lore, ceremony and paintings, the Western Desert people have helped maintain Central Australia's identity as a bastion of traditional cultural knowledge.
It hasn't been easy.
The early frontier conflicts claimed scores of Aboriginal lives, people were often cruelly and violently dispersed and dispensed with as they came into contact with European settlers, pastoralists and Police. The last recorded massacre of Aboriginal Australians happened out here at Coniston in the late 1920's, and it's not far from memory for those from this region.
The last stretch bitumen before the dirt road to the Western Desert.
There was also pressure from missionaries for Aboriginal people to leave their bush life and to move into small communities known as missions, where they were often forced to adopt a foreign religion and language and urged to cease practising Indigenous customs. In many cases, this was the only way to survive.
There were unforgiving and harsh government policies too, which ostracised and marginalised Indigenous communities and individuals and myriad other factors to deal with; droughts, welfare dependency, intergenerational trauma, disposition, substance abuse -- the list goes on.
You can see just how this culmination of factors plays out for some of the Aboriginal people of Central Australia first hand on a daily basis. The evidence is visible in many of the communities in and around my home town of Alice Springs or you can see it by simply looking up any number of statistics or news articles about Indigenous disadvantage, social issues like living standards, life expectancy and incarceration.
With all these factors and with each generation, the links to that ancient pre European identity becomes harder and harder to hold onto. The breakdown in knowledge being passed from one generation to the next, as it has been done for millennia, is at dire risk of breaking down. In some parts of the country it already has.
It's the end of a hard day on the tool and the men's group show off their wares.
A mentor, a leader a Ngangkari
Martin Jugadai is a desert man through and through; he's also a revered traditional healer, known in this part of the country as a Ngangkari.
"Young people now are probably losing everything because of old people passing away," says Martin Jugadai.
It's a special title reserved only for those who know certain old teachings. They have knowledge of special tools and powers and were traditionally trained to treat physical, mental and spiritual ailments. Healing modern afflictions like heart disease or diabetes might be a different story although many sufferers will still insist on traditional treatment in conjunction with western medicine.
It's probably safe to say that most Ngangkari's weren't taught how to save culture or language per se, but that's exactly what Mr Jugadai has sought to do.
The men are barely visible as they emerge from the Mulga scrub with their tools in hand.
'The men's Tjilirra Movement'
The Men's Tjilirra Movement (TMTM) was born out of necessity. Martin Jugadai and other community elders wanted to make a change otherwise culture and ultimately identity would suffer. With help from the not for profit, philanthropic organisation Creating A Safe and Supportive Environment and the Royal Flying Doctor Service, they set about devising a program to stop the cultural breakdown.
David Beveridge is a Senior Mental Health Clinician with the RFDS' Remote Mental Health Team and says he realised that something was missing through his conversations with Elders.
"Through conversations with Martin and old fellows out west, it came quiet apparent to me, through these discussions that there was a lot of sadness from the old men not being able to share stories, skills, knowledge, wisdom of a what it means to be a man."
Men's Tjilirra Movement participants enjoying the road trip in the back of the 4x4.
Tjilirra is the name given to the practice of creating traditional Aboriginal tools. There is a strict cultural protocol where only men can make and use certain tools and implements.
There is a fine art to creating these items; it was essential for survival and has been refined over thousands of years. You won't find any power tools being used out here.
Martin's vision was to have a revival of Tjilirra, bringing community elders and young men together in the process.
"Sit around, inside, watch movie… yeah that's all that's happening in the house in the community… I don't get out as much. But I want to learn more so I can make Tjilirra the old way. My family are always proud when I make Tjilirra."
"I started the Tjillira Men's movement for mental health, so I thought it would be best for young fella's to do something like Tjillira to help make them strong. I've come a long way to get to a point where I have all those young fellas working with shield and boomerang," he says.
The foot tracks left in the soft sand are from a passenger passenger who was sent ahead to gauge the water depth and if it's safe enough to pass.
Jamie Millier Tjupurrula works for CASSE as a program manager. "So traditional tools are what most people know as Boomerangs and spears, obviously the names of the items that we make are; kali is a boomerang, mita is a shield, kuditchi is another shield, kuturu is a killing stick, kulata and moolatis are the spears, mirru is a spear thrower so we make those and generally with the hand tools"
Opportunities, entertainment and meaningful employment are just some of the things that can be hard to come by in many of these communities. Jamie and his colleague Nathan Brown, with help from elders, organise trips with participant's that often have them travelling by car, in convoys, to some of the most remote and harsh environments imaginable. As anyone will tell you that's worked or lived in the region, organising trips of this nature and magnitude can be a logistical challenge. Adverse weather, cultural restrictions on travel and certain social interactions, large distances, sorry business and funerals and of course punctuality, can all make even the most patient person tap their feet in frustration, prior to departing. Just as patience is needed in Tjilirra, it's also needed here. Suicide has recently spiked in the region so it's imperative that as many participants as possible join in.
"It's about strengthening people through culture and how that will help reduce suicide rates and from what we've seen in our program it is immutable," says CASSE Cultural consultant and Interpreter Nathan Brown.
Tjilirra Patricipant Troy Miller says he and others jump at the chance to get away from community life that can sometimes become monotonous, especially when he wants something meaningful to do.
The men enjoy a hot meal and a cup of tea as they share a yarn around a warm camp fire.
Go time
The team rallies together before they load themselves and their supplies into the backs of muddied white Toyota troop carriers. Sometimes there will be three to four cars and groups of up to twenty or more. The cars are now as tall as houses. Every inch of room has been taken up. The roof racks are the last resort for space and they're jam packed with swags, jerry cans, spare tyres and the essential desert camping accessory -- vibrantly coloured mink blankets.
"We feel something that is with us, the spirit and our Grandfathers too," says Martin Jugadai.
Once everyone is on board and accounted for it's time to hit the road.
They drive for what seems like hours over corrugated, water logged roads, occasionally stopping when a hunting opportunity arises, like a Kipara (Native Turkey) walking into sight or when someone has to get out to walk through the muddy water to test if it's safe enough to risk crossing with the heavily laden cars.
After a while the car stops, they have found what they are looking for: Acacia Aneura; the mulga Tree, a thick scrub full of it.
Once the men disembark, it's time to start. With shiny, freshly sharpened axes and tomahawks in hand, they walk in a jagged line through the shrubs and thick bush to find just the right tree for Tjilirra. With help and guidance from the elders and Jamie and Nathan, the young men get down to business.
The early stages and beautiful colours of a Mulga boomerang.
Tjilirra won't fix everything, but…
After a few hours on the tools they're exhausted, but gratified and ready to make camp. Many of the men will keep their unfinished tools close at hand as the sun sets. Filing and chipping away until there's just the light of the campfire to see. Wood chips and splinters fall at their feet next to running shoes that are red with dirt and that have probably seen better days. With styrofoam cups of hot tea in hand, it's in this space that the elders talk to the men about the challenges they face; life, love, friendships, mental health, physical health, aspirations, culture; a whole gamut of issues that surround human existence and that make up who they are as individuals and as young Indigenous men.
Watch the full report tonight at 9pm on Living Black on NITV.
THE MEN'S TJILIRRA MOVEMENT IMAGE GALLERY
Saving lives and culture through ancient tool making
Traditional tool making has been part of Aboriginal culture for tens of thousands of years, but it's a dying art. People of the Western Desert are spawning a revival of the practice, and in the process, it's reconnecting the older and younger generations.


text:
Q: Using mongoose.Types.ObjectId() with multiple scaled machines (Duplication issue?) Let's just assume the below code will be executed many times when running a live server. If I scaled the machine to have 10 instances for example, is there a small chance the ObjectId will be duplicated when saving into mongoDb? Or will mongoDb force the _id to be different if there is duplication?
// Taken from mongoose documentation!
const personSchema = Schema({
  _id: Schema.Types.ObjectId,
  name: String,
  age: Number,
});

const Person = mongoose.model('Person', personSchema);
const author = new Person({
  _id: new mongoose.Types.ObjectId(),
  name: 'Ian Fleming',
  age: 50
});

author.save(() => {
  console.log('saved!')
});

Basically, what I want to achieve is to create an Id before I save it. I don't want to have to save documents and then collect their _ids.

A: Scaling your server to multiple instances won't affect the value of generated ObjectIDs such that you now have duplicate ObjectIDs. The uniqueness of the ObjectID generated is not just a function of the time it was generated, the generator(MongoDB node driver in this case) also factors in the unique machine and process properties.
If what you want is to create the _id field yourself before saving documents into the DB, you can easily do that without any trouble, in fact, you don't have to use a hexadecimal string like the one generated, you can make use of string or numbers but then, you would have to ensure the uniqueness yourself.


text:
Home College Football Free ATS Picks Tips & Predictions Ohio State vs. Alabama College Football Playoff National Championship Game Free Pick...
Ohio State vs. Alabama College Football Playoff National Championship Game Free Pick & Prediction 1/11/21
The Alabama Crimson Tide will make their fifth National Championship Game appearance in the College Football Playoff Era. Ohio State will only make their second, but the Buckeyes have been in the semifinal four times. They've only been in the title game once and that was a win over Oregon in the first CFP NCG for the 2014 season.
Alabama is favored by 8.5 points with a total of 75 at BetOnline Sportsbook. You'll find 75.5 across most of the global markets, but we have seen some interest in the under over the last couple of days. You can bet that it's not public money on that total, so there are some sharper investors with respected opinions that have sided with the under, at least for now.
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Tons of money will come in on this game on Monday to impact the side and total at the absolute highest limits. We'll also see more involvement on the prop betting side as more and more of those options get posted in the betting markets.
Let's take a look at the penultimate college football game of this weird and wonky 2020 season and see if we can find something to play.
Dabo Swinney didn't want the smoke. He didn't want the Buckeyes, a team that outplayed his Clemson Tigers in last season's Fiesta Bowl College Football Playoff Semifinal. So, he voted them 11th in the coaches poll. He lobbied against them as a team that "only played six games". He then watched as his team got crushed 49-28.
There is a horse racing comparison to apply here. A lot of pony players won't come back on a horse after his best run ever or his top performance in a long time. Both teams were motivated for the Sugar Bowl, but Ohio State took it to another level. They looked like the more focused team. The team that actually made adjustments from the previous game. The team that played its best game of the season at the right time.
It was a game that Ohio State put a lot of energy and emphasis into winning. Now the Buckeyes have to come back 10 days later with an injured quarterback and find a way to beat a juggernaut Alabama team that some have called the best ever because of how they've performed relative to expectation. It is an unenviable spot for the Buckeyes to be in.
But when you look at Ohio State, there was no question that this was a top-four team in the nation. Justin Fields could very well be the second quarterback taken in the NFL Draft. He just outshined the one that will go first. Ohio State recruits at an elite level that really only teams like Alabama and Georgia can compete with these days. From a talent standpoint, the Buckeyes are a playoff-worthy team and one that could very well win the title.
Was it a title-worthy schedule for this Ohio State squad? Not at all. The Big Ten was terrible. In a lot of ways, the SEC didn't stack up either and the Crimson Tide were taken to the brink by Florida. They beat a Georgia team that hadn't figured out JT Daniels was the best option and did hammer a Texas A&M team that wound up being quite good.
Nobody should question how much Ohio State deserves to be here. Fields proved what kind of prospect he is by raining down six touchdown passes and 385 yards on Clemson's defense. Trey Sermon fell seven yards short of 200 with 31 carries. The Buckeyes dominated the game. It did a lot to ease fears with Fields, who struggled badly in the Big Ten Championship Game against Northwestern.
Big play receiver Chris Olave had two touchdowns and 132 receiving yards. The Buckeyes found their tight ends in the red zone in Luke Farrell and Jeremy Ruckert. It was a different plan of attack from Ryan Day. The Buckeyes pulled a lot of tricks out of their bag that elevated the profile of the team.
To top it off, the Ohio State defense had a spectacular showing. Trevor Lawrence threw for 400 yards, mostly on volume, as the Tigers only had 12.1 yards per reception. Travis Etienne did nothing in the run game and Clemson became one-dimensional. Shaun Wade, who will draw the unfortunate matchup of Heisman Trophy winner Devonta Smith in this game, struggled badly, but most of the rest of the Buckeyes played well.
Kerry Coombs had a great gameplan and Clemson played right into it. The prep window for Alabama is much shorter and Ohio State doesn't have recent head-to-head film to rely on. The Buckeyes offense will get theirs. How the defense plays could very well define the winner, both against the spread and outright.
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Nick Saban is the GOAT. He's the best college football coach of all-time. And don't sit here and say it's because he's had the best players. That's a right that you earn by winning and by winning a lot on the big stage.
Here's the thing, though. Since the College Football Playoff began with the 2014 season, Saban is 0-4 ATS in the National Championship Game. The Tide lost as a favorite to Ohio State in the semifinal back in 2014. The Tide failed to cover against Clemson in the 45-40 win in the 2015 title game and then lost twice to Clemson.
In the BCS era, that wasn't the case. That was when Saban and his support staff had one game to plan for and a month to do it. Now, even after advancing from the semifinal, there is another game to play and one with a shorter turnaround. So, we'll see if Alabama can fare better in that department this time around.
The Tide certainly have the personnel to do it. The offense didn't lose a beat with Mac Jones instead of Tua Tagovailoa. In fact, Jones outperformed Tua's junior season. Jones completed 77% of his passes with a 36/4 TD/INT ratio. Tua completed 71.4% with a 33/3 TD/INT ratio. A remarkable group of weapons has helped Jones tremendously, as Devonta Smith won the Heisman Trophy with 1,641 receiving yards and 20 touchdowns.
Smith isn't the only one. John Metchie was a big-play guy with 835 yards on 47 catches. Najee Harris ran for 1,387 yards and 24 touchdowns. Now it looks as though Jones will also embrace the return of Jaylen Waddle, who could very well be the best wide receiver on the team. Waddle had 25 catches for 557 yards before suffering an ankle injury on the opening kickoff against Tennessee.
Matchup nightmare Jahleel Billingsley is listed as a sophomore tight end, but he's 6-foot-4 and 230 pounds with length and good speed. This is an embarrassment of riches for Jones against an Ohio State defense that has been picked apart through the air at times.
Evaluating Alabama defensively is a challenge. When they were good, they were great. When they weren't great, it was what separated their full-season numbers from "elite" and "exceptional". Teams like Ole Miss and Florida did move the ball with great success against Alabama. On the other hand, it was a struggle for a lot of other SEC offenses and Notre Dame didn't have a ton of success in the Rose Bowl with just 4.7 yards per play.
There really is a lot to look at with a game of this magnitude. Both rosters are littered with four-star and five-star talent. Even the three-star players have been elevated by being part of programs this strong. Each individual matchup can be put under a microscope.
It is very interesting that this line opened 7 or 7.5, the same place Ohio State was for the most part against Clemson. I don't anybody believes Alabama and Clemson are a pick 'em on a neutral, but it does seem Ohio State may have gotten too much love for that victory over the Tigers. The line moved up to 8.5 and in some cases 9 and that seems fairer to me.
Stepping in front of these two offenses to take an under sounds hard to do, even with a historically high 75 number. Five of the six National Championship games have seen a team get to the 40s, but only one would have gone over this year's total.
There probably won't be many stops in this game, so which offense do you trust more? For me, that's Alabama. Ohio State takes some deep shots and has run the ball really well with Sermon, but Fields is less than 100% and Alabama has more weapons.
Player props are the way to attack this game, but the pick is Alabama -8.5
Pick: Alabama -8.5
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Please do let us know via the comment box.


Muscle and Fitness Magazine rates Fitness Kickboxing as the number one fat burner, with over 1,200 calories burned during a one hour class. This isn't gimmicky watered-down cardio kickboxing. You won't get hit, but you will put on wraps and boxing gloves, hit the heavy bags, punch mitts, learn to jump rope like a pro and shadowbox.
To keep a workout fun and worthwhile its good to mix things up. One way to do that is through Kickboxing. Doing the same workout week after week can get boring, but if you start throwing in some punches you may begin to see fresh results and feel a new invigorating energy. Adding kickboxing to a workout gives it a new dynamic twist.
The benefits to taking on such a workout are plentiful and worth the sweaty aches. Kickboxing can transform your workout and lead to further toning of your body and an increase of endurance. Those two things are what everyone wants from a good workout. You can still get a great workout without the physical contact of sparring.
AT Velocity Taekwondo Center, it is our mission to help you become a confident, focused individual with the life-transforming experience that is martial arts.
Kickboxing is defined as the fighting technique of combining Karate-type kicks with the punching of boxing. Both Karate and Boxing on their own are vigorous workouts, but the combination of them gives you the ability to workout both your upper and lower body. In addition, it takes stamina to get through a good Kickboxing workout; because of this, the cardio aspect to your workout will be covered.
The punching part of the workout will include using heavy bags or speed bags and pads. The art of performing this aspect of the workout properly is through a combination of punches. The quick jab and hook punch are the combination that will give you the ability to tone the upper arms, shoulders and chest. Performing these combinations over a two to five minute span of time will also get your heart pumping. This is done by increasing the speed and length of time performing these punches.
The core of your body, which includes the abs and lower back muscles, will get an unintentional workout just by performing thee punching and kicking training. However, a full Kickboxing workout should include strengthening the abdominal and back muscles through such exercise as crunches and side bends. Building the core will help your movements get better and grow your stamina, as well as tone your whole body.


Let's examine this a little more closely.......would you accept a business arrangement with someone who is family or a friend (current or past), including ex-spouses, lovers, etc that you have had a personal relationship with (including those who have brought you pain and anger)? For example, picture an ex-spouse who leads the community in advertising, media, marketing and communications; would you consider an arrangement to augment/support him/her with your talents? Whattcha think?
...as long as you are getting compensated properly as well !!!


In the spirit of the holiday season, Chicago Industry Night and IGDA Chicago will be collecting donations for the Children's Memorial Hospital at the Chicago Game Dev Holiday Mixer!
Attendees may contribute donations of cash or non-violent toys and games at the event (e.g. Play-doh, Story Cubes, Simon, Little Big Planet.) All gift items must be new and unwrapped.
Additional details and suggestions are available on the Wish List page of the Children's Memorial Hospital.
We're excited to bring everyone together for some good-spirited holiday cheer this month and it will be amazingly awesome to extend our collective good will back into the community!


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A Life of Noticing
Gerald Dawe
The mastery of American English which we associate with Richard Ford's fiction – the subtle not-saying, the deflection of painful emotional realities into half-said or half-seen things – is abundantly present in a memoir in which he recalls and recreates the lives of his parents.
Clare O'Dea
A compelling and thoroughly researched novel focuses on the experiences of the refugees and the clients of people traffickers as they are 'processed' through the British asylum system, often towards a bleak conclusion, while struggling to maintain some dignity and hope.
Quick! What Would You Read?
Matthew Parkinson Bennett
Writing is tough, but Annie Dillard doesn't put on a performance of her struggle to transmute experience into literature. She is a writer who believes – how old-fashioned! – in the possibility of truly powerful literature and its urgent importance, in reaching towards an imagined reader, and touching a real one.
Reading the Revolution
A plethora of new books has appeared this year, accompanied by a number of exhibitions, in response to the centenary of the Russian Revolution, the remarkable political energies it released worldwide throughout the twentieth century and its still contested historical legacy.
Sonic Reinventions
Jonathan C Creasy
In the collection Alive, Elizabeth Willis proves herself a lyric poet, a pastoral poet, a prose poet, an historical poet, a political poet, a 'language' poet, a post-modern sonneteer, a list-maker, an ironic prankster, a confessionalist, and a minimalist, at least.
It's Only Me
Michel de Montaigne lived through the French wars of religion and was involved in many attempts on behalf of his king to broker a peace. On the whole, however, he preferred to be occupied with his books, which he insisted he read not to improve but to amuse himself.
Genesis to Apocalypse
Alan Crilly
In a new short collection, the young Bolivian writer Liliana Colanzi touches on themes of domestic oppression and the cultural extinction of indigenous peoples in stories that offer an extraordinary density of ideas, transmitted in shape-shifting and affecting prose.
Love and Other Questions
Deirdre Serjeantson
Francesco Petrarcha bequeathed to the Renaissance a particular way of writing about love. Shakespeare's Romeo is just one of his disciples. But love was not the only string to Petrarch's bow; he was also an archaeologist, classical scholar and respected moral philosopher. (This essay from the drb archive was originally published in April 2016.)
Beryl Bainbridge tended to treat the truth around her own beginnings as no less malleable than her art, and though she may have sometimes served as an unreliable narrator within her prose for literary effect, she was equally untrustworthy in telling the tale of her own life.
The God in the I
Manus Charleton
The Estonian aristocrat Hermann Keyserling was recognised as a leading intellectual in Europe and America in the first half of the twentieth century. In 1911, aged thirty-one, he travelled around the world to develop his spirituality. The Travel Diary of a Philosopher was the result.


ABC 26 is a TV station in New Orleans, LA. It's a local news and entertainment station that broadcasts local news, weather, traffic, sports, and general entertainment. In addition to being known as ABC 26 New Orleans WGNO, it's also called simply by its FCC call sign WGNO. You can watch the station online via the ABC 26 live stream and its collection of videos, updated regularly.
ABC 26 is owned by Tribune Broadcasting Company, LLC. It is an affiliate of the network ABC network. As an affiliate, New Orleans WGNO tends to focus its original news coverage on local issues during the traditional morning, mid-day, evening and late-night news slots. To fill in the rest of its broadcasting schedule, the station airs national programs provided by ABC.


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of the machine will show in the window.
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How to Calibrate a Dell Printer for a Better Printing?
How to Clear the Memory of a Dell Printer?
How to Clear Dell Printer's Print Head Nozzle?


text:
COPD Support Newsletters
COPD Support News June 18,2010
Carolyn-Mi Posted - Jun 18 2010 : 07:34:14 AM
THREE ALLERGY MEDS THAT MAY SOLVE RUNNY NOSE PROBLEM
James Thompson, MD, Board Certified Allergist and Asthma Specialist Twenty five years ago intranasal steroids (INS) were ushered into the market as a novel approach to treating allergic rhinitis. Nasalid (flunisolide) led the way. Vancenase (Beclomethasone) and Nasacort (Triamcinolone) nasal sprays soon followed. These sprays offered a class of topically active steroids that, unlike previous nasal steroid sprays, had minimal systemic impact. This means the majority of the spray worked on the inner surface of the nose with very little absorption into blood vessels.
At about the same time long-acting, non-drowsy, oral antihistamines came on the scene like gangbusters and immediately appealed to seasonal allergy sufferers nationwide. The sedation and fatigue experienced by so many people after taking older forms of antihistamines (Benadryl, for example) set the table for this new generation of allergy medication. The impact of terfenadine (brand name Seldane and Seldane -D) was unmatched by many previous, blockbuster drugs. But the jubilation over terfenadine didn't last long. Seldane was removed from the market in 1998 because of the potential for dangerous heart rhythm disturbances, especially when taken with certain other drugs or foods. Since that time, safer and more effective antihistamines have emerged which continue to be used, for example: loratadine (Claritin), cetirizine, (Zyrtec), fexofenadine (Allegra) and levocetirizine (Xyzal). Fexofenadine and levocetirazine require a prescription.
Present Day Dilemma
Allergists continue to see many adults and children who fail to respond to antihistamines (with or without decongestant) and INS. Many of these patients will be offered a course of allergy shots (if allergic) but this treatment often takes several months to work.
Three Nasal Sprays In A New Class
Three nasal sprays unique in mechanism of action (how they work) compared to the INS are: Astelin (azelastine HCL), Patanase (olopatadine HCL) and Astepro (a new formulation of azelastine).
These nasal sprays are topically effective antihistamines. They are in the same class as the oral antihistamine medications that have been around for decades. They block histamine, which is naturally released when an allergic person breathes in an allergy trigger (such as ragweed or grass pollen). Interestingly, their impact inside the nose goes beyond drying up drainage and reducing itching and sneezing. Nasal congestion may be reduced within 30 to 40 minutes. The nasal decongestant action has a faster onset of action compared to intranasal steroid sprays. Furthermore, these newer sprays can be used on an as needed basis, unlike the majority of INS sprays. INS sprays work more effectively when regularly used.
Potential adverse affects include nasal burning, nose bleeding, headache, and throat irritation (similar to INS). But unlike INS, sedation is also possible, although experienced by a small percentage of people.
http://www.healthcentral.com/allergy/c/3989/80164/allergy-medications?ic=6101
ALSO IN THIS ISSUE
-COPD PATIENTS MAY BE OVERTREATED WITH STEROIDS
-AUTHOR SUGGESTS HOSPITALISTS STUDY ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ANTIBIOTICS AND COPD
-REVOTAR STARTS PHASE II CLINICAL TRIAL IN COPD PATIENTS WITH INHALED BIMOSIAMOSE
-INGEN FILES TWO MORE PROVISIONAL PATENTS DURING QUARTER
-COPD-JAMA UPDATES IT'S SITE
-MISCELLANEOUS
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SOURCES: News items summarized in The COPD-NEWS are taken from secondary sources believed to be reliable. However, the COPD Family of Services does not verify their accuracy.
COPD PATIENTS MAY BE OVERTREATED WITH STEROIDS
By Denise Mann, WebMD Health News: More than 90% of acutely ill people who are hospitalized for COPD receive high doses of IV steroids, even though lower-dose oral steroids may be just as effective, a study shows. The findings appear in the June 16 issue of The Journal of the American Medical Association.
COPD is a progressive, debilitating lung disease that makes it increasingly hard to breathe. Symptoms include coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in the U.S., and one of the 10 leading causes of hospitalizations.
"In sharp contrast to the leading clinical guidelines, the vast majority of patients hospitalized for acute exacerbation of COPD were initially treated with high doses of corticosteroids administered intravenously," conclude study researchers led by Peter K. Lindenauer, MD, of Baystate Medical Center in Springfield, Mass. This practice is not associated with "any measurable benefit and at the same time exposes patients to the risks and inconvenience of an intravenous line, potentially unnecessarily high doses of steroids, greater hospital costs, and longer lengths of stay." Steroids are considered to be a beneficial way to treat acute exacerbations of COPD, but the best dosages and the best way to deliver them is not fully understood. Most clinical guidelines recommend treatment with 20 milligrams to 60 milligrams of prednisone (an oral steroid) once daily.
Researchers looked at how steroids were used among people hospitalized for COPD at more than 400 hospitals during 2006 and 2007. They then compared outcomes among patients treated with oral steroids and patients who received higher doses of IV steroids during the first two days of their hospitalization for COPD.
Fully 92% of 79,985 patients were treated with high-dose IV steroids, compared with 8% who received oral steroids, the study shows. Overall, 1.4% of people treated with IV steroids died while they were hospitalized, compared with 1% of those who received oral steroids. Researchers also developed a composite measure or a combination of several outcomes that together indicate treatment failure. This composite measure included mechanical ventilation after day two and death in the hospital or readmission within 30 days after discharge. The researchers found that 10.9% of patients in the IV group failed treatment, compared with 10.3% of people in the oral steroid group. Patients treated with oral steroids also had shorter hospital stays and less cost associated with treatment, compared to
patients who received IV steroids.
Bigger is not always better when it comes to COPD treatment, says Neil Schachter, MD, a professor of pulmonary medicine and medical director of the respiratory care department at Mount Sinai Center in New York City. "IV steroids have no benefit over the less expensive oral steroids in terms of hospital stays and mortality," he says. When asked by WebMD if this study could change practice, Schachter says "while I don't think that this study will immediately change how doctors treat exacerbations, it certainly puts the spotlight on the need to refine criteria for IV steroid therapy."
"I use inhaled and oral steroids in the patients I see in my office," Schachter says. "If someone is in severe distress in my office, I might give them an injection of steroids to rapidly relieve symptoms, knowing that there could be a significant delay if they have to go home and obtain oral medication from a pharmacy. Many of the patients with a COPD exacerbation come through the emergency room where they are given IV steroids as a reflex."
He says that one of the presumed criteria for admission to the hospital is that they need IV treatment. "Once they are on IV steroids, there may be an inertia to switch to oral medication as the exacerbation is brought under control," he says, adding that most of these individuals are already on oral steroids when they arrive at the emergency room.
http://www.webmd.com/lung/copd/news/20100616/copd-patients-may-be-overtreated-with-steroids
AUTHOR SUGGESTS HOSPITALISTS STUDY ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ANTIBIOTICS AND COPD
by Richard Quinn" A report in this month's Journal of Hospital Medicine shows macrolide and quinolone antibiotics are associated with similar rates of treatment failure in acute exacerbation of chronic pulmonary disease (AECOPD). The lead author says the study could be a precursor to, say, an intrepid HM researcher working on a randomized trial of the antibiotics' effectiveness. "It's a perfect thing for hospitalists to study because they're the ones treating it," says Michael Rothberg, MD, MPH, associate professor of medicine at Tufts University School of Medicine in Boston, and lead author of "Comparative Effectiveness of Macrolides and Quinolones for Patients Hospitalized with Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD)."
The retrospective cohort review reported that out of nearly 20,000 patients, 6,139 (31%) were treated initially with a macrolide and 13,469 (69%) with a quinolone. "Those who received macrolides had a lower risk of treatment failure (6.8% vs. 8.1%, p<0.01), a finding that was attenuated after multivariable adjustment (OR=0.89, 95% CI 0.78-1.01), and disappeared in a grouped-treatment analysis (OR=1.01, 95% CI 0.75-1.35)," the authors wrote. The study found no differences in adjusted length of stay or cost. However, antibiotic-associated diarrhea was more common with quinolones (1.2% vs. 0.6%, p<0.001).
Dr. Rothberg, who is affiliated with the Center for Quality of Care Research at Baystate Medical Center in Springfield, Mass., says the data, while a point in the right direction, should be viewed as a first step in doing more search to determine the best treatment for AECOPD.
"If you look at the guidelines, the recommendations are all over the map," Dr. Rothberg says. "This is really because there are no randomized trials in COPD patients�There are so many unanswered questions. Theree's been so much focus on pneumonia, heart failure, and acute myocardial infarction. COPD kind of has a dearth of research." Dr. Rothberg hopes to further that research via the COPD Outcomes-Based Network for Clinical Effectiveness & Research Translation (CONCERT), a team of physicians and researchers from centers around the country who are advocating for improvements to COPD treatment. Baystate is one of CONCERT's outposts.
http://www.the-hospitalist.org/details/article/742857/New_Research_Target.html
COMMERCIAL FREE: We do not accept any paid advertising. Any corporations, products, medicines (prescription or non) mentioned in this newsletter are for informational purposes only and not to be construed as an endorsement or condemnation of same.
REVOTAR STARTS PHASE II CLINICAL TRIAL IN COPD PATIENTS WITH INHALED BIMOSIAMOSE
The trial is designed as a double-blind, placebo controlled, randomized, cross-over study comprising up to 60 non-smoking patients with moderate to severe COPD. Each subject will receive nebulized Bimosiamose solution or vehicle for 28 consecutive days twice daily in two subsequent periods according to a randomization plan and separated by a wash-out phase (cross-over). Co-alternative primary endpoints will be the difference of neutrophils counts and interleukin-8 levels in induced sputum following Bimosiamose and Placebo; secondary variables cover lung function parameters as well as cellular and non-cellular biomarkers. The study is conducted at 10 centers in Germany. "Inhaled Bimosiamose solution previously demonstrated to be safe and anti-inflammatory in short-term trials with
healthy subjects (ozone challenge) and in patients with Asthma and COPD."
In contrast to oral PDE4 inhibitors, Bimosiamose is given locally by inhalation, directly targeting the inflammation in the lung. In recent assessments from regulatory authorities (e.g. IQWiG) inhalative treatment is preferred towards oral treatment in COPD, since better efficacy and faster onset may be achieved with less systemic side effects. Results are expected for the second quarter of 2011."
http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/press/patients-inhaled-bimosiamose,1338768.html
INGEN FILES TWO MORE PROVISIONAL PATENTS DURING QUARTER
Ingen filed two more provisional patents; one for its new IngenThermo drug product, and the other for its new cannula technology. The IngenThermo uses polymer-crystal technology to keep insulin and other glass vile drugs cool and safe. Ingen's engineering team is working on the tooling and molds to manufacture this new product using medical-grade polycarbonate as an insulating material, along with polymer-crystals. The new cannula technology involves the use of special materials that are embedded within the PVC of the nasal cannula. As oxygen flows, it will change the color of the cannula which would indicate a specific flow rate.
http://www.globenewswire.com/newsroom/news.html?ref=rss&d=194113&topic=256
MEDICAL DECISIONS. Your physician should be consulted on all medical decisions. New procedures or drugs should not be started or stopped without such consultation. While we believe that our accumulated experience has value, and a unique perspective, you must accept it for what it is...the work of COPD patients. We vigorously encourage individuals with COPD to take an active part in the management of their disease. They do this through education and by sharing information and thoughts with their primary physician and pulmonoligist. However, medical decisions are based on complex medical principles and should be left to the medical practitioner who has been trained to diagnose and advise.
COPD-JAMA UPDATES IT'S SITE
One of the most common lung disorders in adults is COPD a term used to include chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Obstruction due to airway inflammation and excess mucus occurs in the airways of the lung (called bronchi and bronchioles), leading to decreased air flow. This ultimately results in decreased amounts of oxygen delivered to the body's tissues. In emphysema, there is also destruction of the alveoli (tiny sacs where oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange takes place). Emphysema and chronic bronchitis may both be present in an individual at the same time. COPD is one of the leading causes of death in developed nations and affects both men and women. Smoking is the cause of COPD in most cases and accounts for 80% to 90% of COPD-related deaths. The June 16, 2010, issue of JAMA includes an article about treatment of COPD.
http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/303/23/2430
JOIN US? Subscription to this Newsletter is free and we hope that it serves your needs. For more Newsletter information, go to:
http://copd-support.com/signup-news.html
The Newsletter, like all the other endeavors of the Family of COPD Support Programs, is provided to you by COPD-Support, Inc. a non-profit member organization with IRS designation 501(c)(3). If you would like to be involved and help us provide these programs to the individuals who benefit from them, please consider joining us as a member. Further information is available at:
http://copd-support.com/membership.html
Let NASA send your face into space; http://komando.com/coolsites/index.aspx?id=8943
NASA launched the first Space Shuttle in 1981. It made manned space flight safer and more regular than ever. And various Space Shuttles have flown more than 130 missions since. But the Space Shuttle program is about to come to an end. There are only two launches left before the spacecraft are officially retired. And for now, NASA has no plans for another manned space program. This will truly be the end of an era. This is a bittersweet moment in history. But it's historic nonetheless. And NASA wants you to be a part of it. It wants you to upload a picture of your face to this site. Your picture will then be flown on one of the last Space Shuttle missions. When the Space Shuttle returns, return to this site. You can print off your very own Flight Certificate. The actual Mission Commander will sign this commemorative certificate. How cool is that?
http://faceinspace.nasa.gov/index.aspx
FotoSketcher
FotoSketcherFotoSketcher is a 100% free program which can help you convert your digital photos into art, automatically. If you want to turn a portrait, the photograph of your house or a beautiful landscape into a painting, a sketch or a drawing then look no further, FotoSketcher will do the job in just a few secondsThanks to FotoSketcher you can create stunning images to make original gifts for your friends or relatives. Create birthday cards, season's greetings stationery or simply print your work of art and hang it on the wall. Different styles are available: pencil sketch, pen and ink drawing, various painting renderings. You can also improve your original photo with simple tools (enhance contrast, sharpen, simplify image, increase luminosity, color saturation etc...).
FotoSketcher is completely free and does not contain any adware, spyware or virus. It runs on any version of Microsoft Windows (sorry, no Mac version available). Go to download page:
http://www.fotosketcher.com/index.htm
Find the NudeDude: This is a cartoon...not X-rated...when you find the nude dude-click on him...Check out Mardi Gras or the beach.
http://www.realholidays.com.au/nudedude/index.html
7th space has a bunch of free games
http://7thspace.com/games/
THIS ONE'S A REAL GROANER
A couple of clams were eating chocolate bars while two fish watched.
"Did you see that?" one fish said, as the clams finished their treat. "They didn't offer us a single bite!"
"What do you expect?" asked the other fish. "They're two shellfish."
Until next Friday,
Joan Costello, Editor
Jadece@rcn.com
Web version of the News: http://copd-support.com/news.html
Archives at: http://home.ease.lsoft.com/archives/copd-news.html
To contact List Management write Management@copd-support.com
Your COPD Support Newsletter is provided only to subscribers.
To see other programs provided in the Family of COPD Support
Programs, examine our web site at http://copd-support.com
To tell your friends how to subscribe to this Newsletter, send them to
To modify or cancel your subscription to the Newsletter go to:
http://home.ease.lsoft.com/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=copd-news&A=1
Please keep in mind that all posts are from COPD patients / caregivers
and not medically trained professionals - consult your medical team
for your personal medical needs.


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My black president does me wrong
by Adam Haupt 19 September 2012 19 September 2012
A friend recently posted rare footage of Steve Biko in an interview on German TV on his blog. The week of the 35th anniversary of Biko's murder was a difficult one for South Africa. In a hard-hitting op-ed for the Mail&Guardian, Andile Mngxitama argues that we are not talking about a dream deferred, but a dream defiled. In Mngxitama's words "blacks have no sense of themselves as a majority in power" (Mail&Guardian, 14-20 September 2012: 18).
The irony of the German interviewer's questions in the video clip is hard to miss. The journalist asks whether Biko's vision of a non-racial South Africa can ever be realised, given that black South African thoughts would presumably turn to revenge in a free South Africa. There is nothing new about white fears of revenge in post-apartheid South Africa. These fears were voiced often enough.
The irony of this interview is that we seem to have come full circle. It is the poorest of the poor who have faced the wrath of state violence in our post-liberation era: forceful evictions of landless people, the ill-treatment of African foreigners, a failing healthcare system in townships, poorly managed schools and, to crown it all, the Marikana massacre – along with the deployment of the army in the neighbourhood surrounding Lonmin mine. We now hear keywords that we assumed died with apartheid; words like "illegal gathering".
What can Biko teach us in these difficult times – a time in which many of our civil liberties are being eroded by a state that is willing to deploy the army in the township against its own people when the sovereignty of the country is not under threat, a time when the state has made attempts to restrict media freedoms, a time in which failures of the state are often met with personal attacks against its critics and the key issues are not addressed constructively?
I am reminded of a line by Tumi and the Volume: "My black president does me wrong / He wears the mask of Fanon." Ironically, Tumi performed this verse when Thabo Mbeki was the president of South Africa. When you watch this clip, what should be abundantly clear is that the non-racial South Africa that Biko was working towards has not been realised. What does a non-racial South Africa look like? One in which race no longer matters, you might say. When will race no longer matter? One response to this question is that race will no longer matter when the notion of race, as a social construct, has been taken apart. But, in order for this construct to be taken apart, you need to produce a society that does not feed off racialised class inequalities – a society that does not perpetuate the exploitative, racist practices of the apartheid state.
The prevailing black and white elite interests that have been threatened by the lengthy mine strike is a reminder that the ruling black elite has really just been positioned to protect elite, minority interests and that we have not seen an equitable distribution of wealth and resources in our democratic dispensation. To paraphrase Frantz Fanon, the new black elites have become the servants of big capital at the expense of its people.
When the ANC was engaged in negotiations during the late 1980s and early 1990s, it did not make use of its moral high ground and "Madiba magic" to push for a corporate TRC (Truth and Reconciliation Commission). It did not push corporations to answer for their sins and so these sins continue, unchecked.
If Archbishop Desmond Tutu could prompt Winnie Mandela to offer an apology, why could we not expect an apology from De Beers, Anglo American, SAB and countless other corporate players who profited from apartheid on a large scale? Why could we not place the moral imperative on them to make amends? We need a corporate TRC.
* An earlier version of this op-ed appeared on www.staticphlow.com.
Adam Haupt
Adam Haupt writes about film, media, culture and copyright law. He is an Associate Professor at the University of Cape Town and is the author of Stealing Empire: P2P, Intellectual Property and Hip-Hop Subversion (HSRC Press, 2008) and Static: Race & Representation in Post-Apartheid Music, Media & Film (HSRC Press, 2012). In 2010, he was a Mandela Mellon Fellow at Harvard University's W.E.B. Du Bois Institute for African and African American Research.
Tagged: ANC, apartheid, corporate accountability, Frantz Fanon, Jacob Zuma, Lonmin, Marikana, racism, Steve Biko
Adam Haupt writes about film, media, culture and copyright law. He is an Associate Professor at the University of Cape Town and is the author of Stealing Empire: P2P, Intellectual Property and Hip-Hop... More by Adam Haupt
Lonmin
Marikana


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Mercedes-Benz C-Class ›› 2010 ›› 2010 Mercedes-Benz C-Class
Used Mercedes-Benz C-Class For Sale
Select another year: 2020 ⋅ 2019 ⋅ 2018 ⋅ 2017 ⋅ 2016 ⋅ 2015 ⋅ 2014 ⋅ 2013 ⋅ 2012 ⋅ 2011 ⋅ 2010 ⋅ 2009 ⋅ 2008 ⋅ 2007 ⋅ 2006 ⋅ 2005 ⋅ 2004 ⋅ 2003 ⋅ 2002 ⋅ 2001 ⋅ 2000 ⋅ 1999 ⋅ 1998 ⋅ 1997 ⋅ 1996 ⋅ 1995
Select another model: C-Class ⋅ CL-Class ⋅ CLS-Class ⋅ E-Class ⋅ G-Class ⋅ GL-Class ⋅ GLK-Class ⋅ M-Class ⋅ R-Class ⋅ S-Class ⋅ SLK-Class ⋅ Sprinter
Sedan - AWD
C 300 Sport C 300 4MATIC Sport Sedan V6 AWD 37100
C 300 Luxury C 300 4MATIC Luxury Sedan V6 AWD 37100
Sedan - RWD
C 300 Sport C 300 Sport Sedan V6 RWD 33600
C 300 Luxury C 300 Luxury Sedan V6 RWD 33600
C 63 AMG C 63 AMG 8 Cylinder RWD 57350
Comparison of 2010 Mercedes-Benz C-Class with Similar Cars
2010 Mercedes-Benz C-Class $33,600 $31,248
2010 BMW 3 Series $33,150 $30,500 2010 Mercedes-Benz C-Class VS 2010 BMW 3 Series
2010 Nissan Maxima $30,690 $28,113 2010 Mercedes-Benz C-Class VS 2010 Nissan Maxima
2010 Lexus ES 350 $35,175 $31,892 2010 Mercedes-Benz C-Class VS 2010 Lexus ES 350
2010 Cadillac CTS $35,165 $33,231 2010 Mercedes-Benz C-Class VS 2010 Cadillac CTS
2010 Audi A4 $31,450 $29,249 2010 Mercedes-Benz C-Class VS 2010 Audi A4
Interested to see how the 2010 Mercedes-Benz C-Class ranks against similar cars in terms of key attributes? Here are the 2010 Mercedes-Benz C-Class rankings for MPG, horsepower, torque, leg room, head room, shoulder room, hip room and so forth.
1 2010 Audi A4 26
2 2010 Lexus ES 350 23
3 2010 BMW 3 Series 22
4 2010 Cadillac CTS 22
5 2010 Nissan Maxima 22
6 2010 Mercedes-Benz C-Class 21
1 2010 Cadillac CTS 304
2 2010 Nissan Maxima 290
3 2010 Lexus ES 350 272
4 2010 Mercedes-Benz C-Class 268
5 2010 BMW 3 Series 230
6 2010 Audi A4 211
1 2010 Audi A4 40.0
2 2010 Cadillac CTS 38.8
3 2010 Nissan Maxima 38.8
4 2010 BMW 3 Series 38.0
5 2010 Lexus ES 350 37.4
6 2010 Mercedes-Benz C-Class 37.1
Mercedes-Benz C-Class Cars for Sale
2020 Mercedes-Benz C-Class - 3 Deals Out of 368 Listings
2019 Mercedes-Benz C-Class - 645 Deals Out of 1,626 Listings
2018 Mercedes-Benz C-Class - 321 Deals Out of 780 Listings
2017 Mercedes-Benz C-Class - 1,557 Deals Out of 2,943 Listings
Used BMW 3 Series - 7,891 Deals Out of 16,730 Listings
Used Nissan Maxima - 3,348 Deals Out of 8,575 Listings
Used Lexus ES 350 - 2,286 Deals Out of 5,290 Listings
Used Cadillac CTS - 1,936 Deals Out of 5,084 Listings
Used Audi A4 - 2,086 Deals Out of 4,904 Listings