text:
More press about the feminist poly origin of Wonder Woman
Is polyamory inherently feminist? These days it is, at least in the self-identified poly movement. And you can argue that a philosophy based on equal freedom of relationship choice across genders — to choose to be poly or mono without apology, to be sexual or not without apology, and to enter or leave relationships by your own decision — has to count as feminist compared to mainstream society.
Maybe that's why women outnumber men more than 3 to 1 among the authors and co-authors of the 40 nonfiction books on polyamory published since the movement took shape 30 years ago.
Or maybe it's because of a founder effect. The movement was birthed and shaped largely by such women as Ryam Nearing, Deborah Anapol, and Morning Glory Zell-Ravenheart in the 1980s and 90s, following the burnout of the male-dominated free-love movements of the 1960s.
But maybe some of the founder effect began earlier. The polyfamily that created the Wonder Woman comics in the 1940s was on a visionary feminist mission to remake the world, as Jill Lepore explores in new depth in The Secret History of Wonder Woman just out this week. The book continues to get heaps of mainstream press. One theme that many reviewers are dwelling on is the weird tension between the family's advanced ideals and the fact that for decades, the two women stayed in the background — one bringing home the paychecks, the other running the home and raising the children — for a man who seems to have been a perpetual screwup but got all the recognition.
To continue from last week's press roundup—
● If I had to pick the best article so far, it would be Paradise Lost, the big five-pager by Jenny Diski in the November Harper's magazine. It's behind a paywall for non-subscribers, but a friend sent me a copy. Excerpt:
The history and creation of Wonder Woman has [this] effect on me: astonishment at how little women seem to have achieved after so many brave battles. And frankly, it's a comfort to tell the comic-book story rather than to face the rebellious, revolutionary, real-world hope that accompanied the creation of Wonder Woman, and to see how, again and then again, women struggled and failed to wrest the narrative from men....
Everything about Wonder Woman — her creators, her story, her style, her attitudes, and her development — speaks in undertones to the century-long failure of feminism to gel. Not that things haven't gotten better for women; they have.... But look more carefully at women's day-to-day lives — aping male behavior and affect while still being paid unequally, watching the top jobs go to men while suffering the shortfall of energy and effectiveness brought on by combining child care and work — and we can see that we are cartoon versions of liberated women... drawn in broad strokes that mesh perfectly with male fantasies of dominance and submission....
● On the National Public Radio website: The Freaky, Fabulous, Feminist 'Secret History' Of Wonder Woman (Oct. 26, 2014).
By Etelka Lehoczky
[William Moulton] Marston had been a committed feminist for decades by the time he created Wonder Woman in 1941. He'd been exposed to the women's suffrage movement while in college, and Sadie [Elizabeth] Holloway, whom he married in 1915, was "something of a revolutionary," Lepore writes. 25 years later, Marston's determination to depict Wonder Woman in chains was partly inspired by women's suffrage imagery. (He had a rather forced argument for why the chains actually represented liberation.) Wonder Woman's first artist, Harry G. Peter, had himself once drawn suffrage cartoons.
Without fail, Marston sought to make Wonder Woman an icon of a new, triumphant phase of female rule in human history. Like the suffragists, he believed women were inherently more peaceful and benevolent than men, and in 1937 he convened a press conference to predict that women would one day rule the world.
"Women have twice the emotional development, the ability for love, than man has," he told The Washington Post. "As they develop as much ability for worldly success as they already have ability for love, they will clearly come to rule business and the nation and the world."
This vision of womanhood was shaped by both Holloway and Byrne....
Lepore has assembled a vast trove of images and deploys them cunningly. Besides a hefty full-color section of Wonder Woman art in the middle, there are dozens of black-and-white pictures scattered throughout the text. Many of these are panels from Marston's comics that mirror events in his own life.... Many of the photos Lepore collected depict the Marston family's happy, if unconventional home life....
● The Christian Science Monitor: 'The Secret History of Wonder Woman' combines biography and cultural history to tell the story of Wonder Woman and her creator (Oct. 29).
One of the central challenges of 20th-century feminism was to reconcile the competing demands of motherhood and a career. The women Marston lived with did not solve this dilemma so much as subdivide it; Byrne handled the home front and Holloway had a career. Marston benefited from the situation without seeming to realize what it suggested about the ideal that women should not have to choose between a family and a career.
● Time magazine: 7 Amazing Things You Didn't Know About Wonder Woman (Oct. 28).
By Eliana Dockterman
...The book comes just as Wonder Woman is swooping back into the cultural consciousness with her invisible jet. Israeli actress Gal Gadot will play Wonder Woman in 2016's Batman vs. Superman and will get her own solo film in 2017.
Here's just some of what Lepore uncovered:
1. Wonder Woman was inspired by Margaret Sanger (and other suffragists)....
...When Marston hired a woman named Joy Hummel to help him write Wonder Woman, Olive Byrne handed her one book to use as background: Margaret Sanger's Woman and the New Race.
2. There's a reason she's bound up all the time....
3. Wonder Woman was partly a response to the rise of the Nazis....
4. The Lasso of Truth had a real-life parallel in Marston's life....
...Marston broke from the rest of popular culture by asserting not only that kids would be interested in reading a comic about a woman but that she would be essential to their education in teaching them about gender equality.
"Like her male prototype, 'Superman,' 'Wonder Woman' is gifted with tremendous physical strength," Marston wrote in the press release announcing her creation. "'Wonder Woman' has bracelets welded on her wrists; with these she can repulse bullets. But if she lets any man weld chains on these bracelets, she loses her power. This, says Dr. Marston, is what happens to all women when they submit to a man's domination."
He concludes: "'Wonder Woman' was conceived by Dr. Marston to set up a standard among children and young people of strong, free, courageous womanhood; and to combat the idea that women are inferior to men, and to inspire girls to self-confidence and achievement in athletics, occupations and professions monopolized by men."
6. Despite that, she started out in the Justice Society as a secretary....
● An interview with the author (a Harvard historian) appeared in last Sunday's Boston Globe Magazine: Wonder Woman's secret history and surprising lessons (Oct. 26).
Boston Globe: Wonder Woman "ran" for president in 1943, and we may finally have a female presidential nominee. Yet you end up on a dismal note about how far we've come.
Jill Lepore: Many women feel not that feminism has failed but that certain political and economic objectives have not been achieved, and many gains have been lost lately. Women and girls from 7 to 70 really adore Wonder Woman; many have an emotional or personal attachment to the character. Maybe that's because we have so few female icons that are sources of strength and power — if you're looking for a female superperson, there aren't a lot of other choices. That's not heartening.
● In the Kansas City Star: Wonder Woman is revealed … or at least her odd creator is (Oct. 24).
Gathered through years of historical sleuthing, Lepore's material is solid, but her tone sometimes borders on breathless. This isn't yellow journalism, and it isn't yellow scholarship, but occasionally Lepore seems overly caught up in the juicier parts of what she found.
Still, this book is important, readable scholarship, making the connection between popular culture and the deeper history of the American woman's fight for equality.... Lepore restores Wonder Woman to her rightful and righteous place.
● Flavorwire: Discover Wonder Woman's Queer, Kinky Feminist History (Oct. 29).
The women in Marston's unconventional life shaped the values and ideals found throughout his comics: his wife, Elizabeth Holloway Marston; his (scandal!) long-term live-in mistress and the mother of several of his children, Olive Byrne; and Byrne's aunt Margaret Sanger, the pioneering feminist and founder of Planned Parenthood, who worked to make birth control affordable and available for women.
Sanger denied her influence on Wonder Woman; and the bohemian set-up between Holloway, Byrne, and Marston was, essentially, the hidden identity behind the psychological forces that created Wonder Woman. There's a part of reading this book that's frustrating — clearly Lepore had wonderful access to the Marston family, but she's coy about what went on between the three. We're only allowed to infer.* But going into the book, Wonder Woman was just a comic; where Lepore succeeds is when we close the book, with our visions of Wonder Woman changed completely. A true American weirdo, she's a symbol laden with heady philosophies and ideas: bohemians, feminism, sex radicalism, suffrage, free love, androgyny, and the scariest idea of all — what would happen to the world if women were truly liberated?
*Actually, in a New Yorker article Lepore quotes Holloway, who was usually reticent about her household, as saying later in life that among the trio there was "lovemaking for all"."
● A Slate blogpost: The Gloriously Strange, Kinky, and Feminist History of Wonder Woman (Oct. 28):
Photo illustration: Slate
By Amanda Marcotte
...Last week, Warner Bros. and DC Comics announced that they are seeking a female director to helm the upcoming Wonder Woman movie. The announcement buoyed hopes that we might actually get a genuinely good Wonder Woman movie, something many of us doubted would ever happen after Joss Whedon was fired from a previous attempt. Still, the character has a notoriously inconsistent history, and there are many wrong turns any director could take. So what's the surest route to creating a 21st-century version of Wonder Woman worthy of her lasso of truth? Go back to the original Wonder Woman comics, which debuted in 1941, for inspiration.
And there are now reports in the entertainment press that the first of three WW movies will be set in the 1920s, and the second in World War II. A return to roots?
● The Wall Street Journal: Wonder Woman for President (Oct. 24; behind a paywall).
● The New York Review of Books: Wonder Woman: The Weird, True Story by Sarah Kerr (issue dated Nov. 20).
● The Buffalo News picked it as "one of the most notable books of 2014." (Oct. 25).
● Cosmopolitan lists it as one of 12 New Books All Twentysomething Women Will Be Obsessed With (Oct. 28).
● Highlights from an NPR interview with the author (Oct. 27; text and audio).
● Update: Jill Lepore is interviewed on Colbert (Oct. 29).
You can search up lots more.
Labels: books, Wonder Woman
The Secret History of Wonder Woman — more news, many reviews
Jill Lepore's new book The Secret History of Wonder Woman has gotten a lot more press since my last roundup a week ago. The book is the most thorough account yet of how Wonder Woman originated in a lifelong poly triad to promote William Moulton Marston's vision of utopian feminism and kinky free love — with help and role modeling from his wife Elizabeth Holloway and their partner Olive Byrne. Lepore argues (unconvincingly, I think) that Wonder Woman was the bridge between the feminist movements of the early 1900s and the 1960s.
Wonder Woman had her purpose stripped away after Marston died in 1947 (DC Comics rebuffed Holloway's attempt to take over the writing), and this is surely why her many portrayals since then have been so confused and contradictory — compared to her DC contemporaries Superman and Batman, who have kept their identities intact. Yet another version of Wonder Woman will get her own superhero movie in 2017.
● On The Atlantic's website, Noah Berlatsky scrutinizes Marston's poly menage: The Free Love Experiment That Created Wonder Woman (Oct. 17). He takes a more critical view than Katha Pollitt does in her article for the print edition of The Atlantic, which went online just three days earlier: Wonder Woman's Kinky Feminist Roots (Oct. 14). No matter how well the Marston-Holloway-Byrne triad turned out for everyone, it had a coercive and unhappy beginning, as Lepore turned up in newly available papers. Berlatsky writes:
Marston's personal life also raises questions about his feminist commitments. In the first place, he met Byrne when she was his graduate student; it's not entirely clear if he started sleeping with her while she was under his supervision, but if he did, that certainly raises ethical questions. The way he introduced Byrne into his marriage is also disturbing; according to Lepore's archival research, Marston told his wife that she could either accept Byrne into their marriage, or Marston would leave. "Holloway was devastated," Lepore writes. "She walked out the door and walked, without stopping, for six hours."
Another interesting excerpt drawing from new material:
Lepore reports... that the Marstons had a polyamorous relationship with another woman, Marjorie W. Huntley, before they met Byrne, and that she remained an on-and-off member of the family long after Byrne arrived, helping out with the inking and lettering of the Wonder Woman comics in the 1940s, and occasionally staying with Holloway and Byrne after Marston's death. Further, Huntley, Byrne, Holloway, and Marston all participated in what Lepore describes as a "sex cult" in 1925-26 at the home of Marston's aunt Carolyn. Participants celebrated female sexual power, dominance, submission and love by forming "Love Units" consisting of multiple partners, including Love Girls who "do not … practice … concealment of the love organs" (translated from New Age, that means they didn't wear clothes.) Among the topics of discussion at these meetings was the work of Olive Byrne's aunt, Margaret Sanger — and one of Lepore's central accomplishments is to show just how close Byrne and Sanger were, and to describe how Wonder Woman sprang from an intellectual milieu that included both New Age free love and a radical commitment to reproductive rights.
1942: Storming a German trench.
As Lepore says, Wonder Woman was born out of "feminist utopia" and "the struggle for women's rights." But Marston's vision of feminist utopia — complete with love leaders, dominance, and bondage — doesn't necessarily look like the feminist utopia most people imagine today. Marston — and Sanger too, according to Lepore — believed that women were purer and better than men. That's a view that sits very uncomfortably with the current feminist movement, which often (and with justice) sees discussions of feminine purity as an excuse to restrict what women are allowed to do. Feminist success, in our day, is generally seen in terms of empowering women to achieve equality with men — not in terms of a naturally superior femaleness, the purity of which will transform society spiritually and ethically.
● Harper's magazine (The Atlantic's direct competitor) reviews Lepore's book in its November issue. The review is only available in the print edition and online for print subscribers, but the blurb says,
Even in the seeming feminist doldrums of the 1940s, there was a contained but noisy demand for birth control from the working women who kept the industries going while the men were at war. Surely that shift could only have ended in liberation and financial, social, and sexual equality for women — but it didn't. What we did get from the 1940s was the advent of Wonder Woman, one man's vision of, and later several men's caricature of, female liberation.
1943, 29 years before the Ms. magazine cover.
● At SFGate, a website of the San Francisco Chronicle:
By Audrey Bilger
...The story behind Wonder Woman is sensational, spellbinding and utterly improbable.... An extraordinarily gifted huckster, Marston was a self-proclaimed feminist who believed women should — and would someday — rule the world. He insisted that the underlying meaning of all Wonder Woman stories was "a great movement now under way — the growth in the power of women." According to Lepore, he "wanted the kids who read his comics to imagine a woman as president of the United States."
...[Lepore's] partial list of source material provides an indication of the Herculean labor she performed:
"[T]housands of pages of documents, manuscripts and typescripts, photographs and drawings, letters and postcards, criminal court records, notes scribbled in the margins of books, legal briefs, medical records, unpublished memoirs, story drafts, sketches, student transcripts, birth certificates, adoption papers, military records, family albums, scrapbooks, lecture notes, FBI files, movie scripts, the carefully typed meeting minutes of a sex cult, and tiny diaries written in secret code."
As a gender studies professor who has spent more than two decades introducing young people to feminism — with each new crop of students discovering afresh that the struggle for women's rights has a rich and varied history — I am acutely aware of the difficulty of keeping past accomplishments alive. Lepore notes, "One tragedy of feminism in the twentieth century is the way its history seemed to be forever disappearing."... By the '70s, long after the death of Marston, most of the feminism of the Wonder Woman comics had been watered down considerably, and she seemed like an odd choice of icons for the burgeoning late-20th century women's movement. Had her true history been known then, perhaps it could have served as a caution for the so-called second-wavers and beyond: Constant vigilance is required to maintain the goals of feminism. Amnesia equals lost ground....
Read the whole review (Oct. 22).
● In Entertainment Weekly:
By Melissa Maerz
Wonder Woman used to be a warrior princess. Now she's often just a pretty girl. When director Zack Snyder released an image of Gal Gadot as the Amazonian princess in the upcoming Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, one critic quipped, "During production, we had to ask ourselves so many tough questions. Like, for instance, which size-zero bikini model is best suited to play this strapping superhuman?" Only a few years ago, David E. Kelley wrote a Wonder Woman pilot that found the freedom fighter crying over a boy while eating ice cream....
The whole article (Oct. 15).
● In the Los Angeles Times:
...After years of sifting through unpublished letters and diaries, Lepore has written the authoritative work on William Moulton Marston, a Harvard-educated psychologist best known for two things: inventing the lie detector test and creating the world's most famous superheroine.
Wonder Woman as rendered by her first artist, Harry G. Peter, for
Marston's 1943 essay "Why 100,000,000 Americans Read Comics."
Marston advocated fiercely and often radically in his comics for the recognition of women's strength while simultaneously delighting in their bondage and submission. But the most irresistible irony lies in the revelation that the father of the modern polygraph was himself a prodigious liar....
The dual inspirations for Wonder Woman, Holloway and Byrne were tremendously bright women who not only shared Marston's free-thinking ideals but provided the labor necessary to maintain his lifestyle. Although he tried his hand at everything from academia to motion pictures, Marston was something of a chronic failure; it was Holloway who served as the primary breadwinner for the family while Byrne raised the children — neatly dividing the superheroic double shift of the "modern woman" between them.
...Although Lepore isn't the first writer to uncover Marston's polyamory or the less-than-subtle kinks of his comics, The Secret History of Wonder Woman is the fullest and most fascinating portrait ever created about the complicated, unconventional family that inspired one of the most enduring feminist icons in pop culture.
The whole review (Oct. 23).
● A disapproving piece in the New York Times:
Her Past Unchained
By Dwight Gardner
Jill Lepore's new book, "The Secret History of Wonder Woman," is a long, strange thing to chew on.
On the one hand, the story it relates has more uplift than Wonder Woman's invisible airplane or her eagle-encrusted red bustier. It's a yea-saying tale about how this comic book character, created in 1941, remade American feminism and had her roots in the ideas and activism of Margaret Sanger, the founder of Planned Parenthood.
On the other hand, "The Secret History of Wonder Woman" is fundamentally a biography of Wonder Woman's larger-than-life and vaguely creepy male creator, William Moulton Marston (1893-1947). He was a Harvard graduate, a feminist and a psychologist who invented the lie detector test. He was also a huckster, a polyamorist (one and sometimes two other women lived with him and his wife), a serial liar and a bondage super-enthusiast.
How into fettering was Marston? Allow Ms. Lepore to count the ways, in a long but fascinating passage that shows off her neatnik prose style.
"Not a comic book in which Wonder Woman appeared, and hardly a page, lacked a scene of bondage. In episode after episode, Wonder Woman is chained, bound, gagged, lassoed, tied, fettered and manacled. She's locked in an electric cage. She's winched into a straitjacket, from head to toe. Her eyes and mouth are taped shut. She's roped and then coffined in a glass box and dropped into the ocean. She's locked in a bank vault. She's tied to railroad tracks. She's pinned to a wall. Once, so that she can be both entirely bound and movable, her fettered feet are welded to roller skates. 'Great girdle of Aphrodite!' she cries. 'Am I tired of being tied up!' "
...Wonder Woman suffered indignities. When, in 1942, she became the first female superhero to join the Justice Society of America, alongside Batman, the Green Lantern and others, she was merely its secretary. But Ms. Lepore is pointed about how Marston's comics attacked political issues.
Wonder Woman led political rallies over a milk-pricing racket. She had an adventure involving a textile workers' strike inspired partly by Sanger's labor activism. Wonder Woman protested the low wages of female employees at an elite department store. These employees are ecstatic to hear, "Girls, starting now your salaries are doubled!"
She was always an imperfect feminist icon, however. "Who needs consciousness-raising and equal pay," Ms. Lepore writes, "when you're an Amazon with an invisible plane."
...Looming over it all is Marston, a big, odd, frisky fellow who comes to seem like Alfred Kinsey's well-meaning but weirdo cousin.
● In the Boston Globe:
By Buzzy Jackson
Who is Wonder Woman? She is, of course, the Amazonian superhero fighting for women's rights, with a secret agenda that included securing access to birth control, free love, and the importance of erotic bondage — preferably chains — in uniting two (or more) lovers in polyamory....
The first half of "The Secret History of Wonder Woman'' tells the story of these three and the world of radical politics in which they lived. They were activists in the struggles for women's suffrage, access to birth control, and equal rights of the early 1900s, participating in bohemian Greenwich Village salons in which socialism, androgyny, and free love were explored.
They also shared a belief in what Lepore describes as a "cult of female sexual power," a vision of a woman-centric world not too different from the kind you'd find in Amazonia, Wonder Woman's hometown. It was a thrilling time; women were granted the right to vote in 1919, and the Equal Rights Amendment was introduced in Congress in 1923. The prospect of legal gender equality seemed inevitable.
...What Lepore does so well is to show how Wonder Woman's career mirrored the hopes, progress, and eventual disappointments of the American women's movement in the 20th century. When American women began entering the workforce during World War II, Wonder Woman was at her strongest, battling evil and refusing to settle down and get married (Amazonian law forbade it). After the war ended and women were hustled back into the home, Wonder Woman's power likewise faded.
The big changes took place after Marston died in 1947 and other writers took over the series. No longer a crime fighter, now she was "a babysitter, a fashion model, and a movie star. She [also] wanted, desperately, to marry Steve." By the late 1960s she had lost her superpowers altogether. Although she was reclaimed by feminists in the early 1970s and appeared on the cover of Ms. magazine's first issue under the banner, "Wonder Woman For President," her status as a feminist icon withered.
Marston's widows lived into the 1990s and remained devoted to each other for the rest of their lives. They "never broke their silence" about the truth of their relationship or of Wonder Woman's radical past. As women who were young when the Equal Rights Amendment was introduced to Congress in 1923, you have to wonder what they thought about the fact that it was never ratified. And were they depressed by the fact that Americans were still arguing about abortion a century after Margaret Sanger began fighting for women's reproductive rights? There's a new Wonder Woman movie coming in 2017. If Lepore's "secret history" has proved one thing, it's that at least so far each era has gotten the Wonder Woman it deserves.
More to come I'm sure. The book's official publication isn't until next Tuesday.
Labels: Wonder Woman
Research news: "12 Surprising Facts About Non-Monogamy"
Sex researcher and public educator Zhana Vrangalova has a new research-news article up:
Open Relationships Reduce Jealousy? 12 Surprising Facts About Non-Monogamy
By Zhana Vrangalova
Consensually non-monogamous (CNM) relationships... are slowly gaining visibility in the media.... Here are 12 things that recent research reveals about these relationships and the people involved in them. (Some of this research is so brand new that it hasn't yet been published, only presented at professional conferences, so you're getting a sneak preview.)
Here are the article's 12 section leads:
1. People in CNM relationships may be more prevalent than gay people.
2. Up to 40% of men and up to 25% of women might consider CNM.
3. Desire for (non)monogamy exists on a continuum.
4. Stigma against CNM is strong, robust, and incredibly pervasive.
5. This stigma is so pervasive, that even people who are themselves in a CNM relationship think that CNM is inferior to monogamy.
6. Not all CNM types are perceived as equally bad.
7. When having sex with other people, CNM folks are more responsible regarding health than supposedly monogamous people who are cheating.
8. As a result, CNM people do not report more sexually transmitted infections than monogamous folks. As I reported in a recent Playboy article, unpublished data presented at by Justin Lehmiller suggests that people in CNM relationships report virtually identical rates of STIs as those in monogamous relationships – about 20%.
9. Swingers report more exciting and satisfying lives — sexually and otherwise — than the general population.
10. People in CNM relationships experience less jealousy than those in monogamous relationships.
11. CNM couples usually report similar (and sometimes higher) relationship quality than monogamous couples.
12. Perhaps more critically, it may be the lying and hiding that's linked to worse relationships.
There is so much more to be learned about CNM and the people involved in it, but science is finally starting to ask these questions.
Zhana Vrangalova, PhD, is a NYC-based sex researcher who studies casual sex, nonmonogamy, and sexual orientation, and an Adjunct Professor of Psychology at New York University where she teaches Human Sexuality.
Here's the article (Oct. 15, 2014).
Labels: research
*Polyamory: Married & Dating* reviewed in its afterlife
Showtime's Polyamory: Married & Dating reality series remains available for streaming if you're a Showtime subscriber. A year after it disappeared from TV (there was no Season 3), it got a very favorable review this morning on Decider.com, which bills itself as "the first entertainment and pop culture destination site created to help today's on-demand generation discover the best streaming content."
'Polyamory': Part Documentary, Part Soap Opera And Part Softcore Porn
By Brooke Moreland
When I first came across the Showtime original series Polyamory (available to stream on the Showtime Anytime app), I didn't know what to expect.... Pretty much everything I knew about polyamory I learned from the Dan Savage podcast or from a few hippies I knew in Austin in the early aughts, but I was very interested in how a mainstream premium cable network would handle a subject like this. Turns out, it does it very, very well.
The series is the perfect balance of a fascinating anthropological documentary, a juicy soap opera, and a titillating softcore porn. I've never seen anything quite like it anywhere in television and film.... This brand of polyamory — sex-positive, female-empowered, and focusing on honesty above all — includes more than a few "processing" conversations. The emotions and dynamics are nuanced, and the characters are deep, smart and seem like actual humans. Just normal people who happen to be super hot and have very untraditional love and relationship setups.... And the range of emotions we see are just spectacular... makes for great TV.
The whole review (Oct. 18, 2014).
The show's afterlife online and on demand (paid in all cases) may explain why I keep get search hits for the nonexistent Season 3. I covered the series pretty closely in 2012 and 2013, including recaps/spoilers and video clips.
Labels: Polyamory: Married & Dating
Katha Pollitt on Wonder Woman's kinky polyfamily origins
Feminist writer Katha Pollitt delves into the character and household that, in 1941, brewed up Wonder Woman as a utopian feminist power-bondage icon. Pollitt draws from Jill Lepore's new book The Secret History of Wonder Woman. Lepore also wrote the magazine articles about Wonder Woman's background that I posted about last month.
...How the underemployed, emotionally demanding [William Moulton] Marston got to remain the overbearing patriarch is a bit of a puzzle.
It can't have been an easy life, but their big house in Rye, New York, seems to have been a jolly place, with lots of pets, tipsy parties, and, [wife Elizabeth] Holloway said much later, "love making for all." Still, it is sad to read of the way both women's ambitions were slowly squelched. Holloway, as smart and energetic as Marston, got a law degree but couldn't find work in the field. She and [Olive] Byrne each started on the path to a doctorate in psychology, but saw the handwriting on the wall: It was nearly impossible for a woman to get a good academic job, so why continue? Of the two, Byrne seems to have paid the bigger price for their unconventional arrangement. For decades she pretended to be the widow of a fictitious Mr. Richard, a kind of housekeeper or distant relative; ultimately she even allowed Marston and Holloway to adopt her children. The heavy bracelets she wore, so like Wonder Woman's "bracelets of submission," were all very well, but socially, a wedding ring was what really counted.
...Marston died in 1947, and though Wonder Woman forged on, she was soon shorn of her feminism.... Holloway and Byrne, on the other hand, lived together happily for 43 more years, raising their children and working, Holloway for Metropolitan Life, Byrne, eventually, as [Margaret] Sanger's personal secretary. When they visited Sanger in Tucson, they slept in the same room. Perhaps they found their Paradise Island in the end.
Read the whole article: Wonder Woman's Kinky Feminist Roots (Oct. 14, 2014).
Update Oct. 19: That article is in the print Atlantic. This more penetrating examination of the Marston menage has appeared on the Atlantic's website: The Free Love Experiment That Created Wonder Woman, by Noah Berlatsky.
Poly Problems as seen by Dan Savage
Many alternative media
This week Dan Savage devotes his Savage Love column to readers' poly messes. Aside from his almost impossibly strict definition of "triad," I don't see much to disagree with. How about you?
...And now the real problem: His desire to bring another woman into our relationship borders on obsession.... I have this fervent wish that he doesn't find someone. So do I sit back and hope that he doesn't find another woman, or should I be upfront with him and tell him that I'm not interested in threesomes anymore? I'm afraid that if he finds someone, my jealousy — which I work very hard to hide from him — will break us up.
Just Wants To Be Monogamous
Ask yourself which conversation will be more difficult:
A. After a frustrating and protracted search, your boyfriend finally manages to find a woman who's interested in being your "friend and lover," JWTBM. At that point you tell him you're no longer interested and he needn't have bothered.
B. You tell your boyfriend today — now — that you're not interested in bringing a third into the relationship.
...I would argue that having the conversation now would be preferable.... And who knows? An honest and open conversation about the state of your relationship — including the fact that you're dissatisfied with the once-a-week routine and the waning of D/s — may [reignite your] interest in a third. Would you feel differently if it turned out she wasn't for him, but for you?...
I'm not telling you that you have to agree to the third — if it's monogamy you want, then it's monogamy you should ask for — but keep your mind, your options, and those lines of communication all open.
I'm a middle-aged, fat, and happy gay man. My partner has a best friend, and they share everything — including our bed. Most weekends, we tromp through town together, watch TV together, and share waking and sleeping moments together. Recently I referred to us as "poly and in a triad," and I was shocked by my partner's response. He claims that we aren't a triad; I say that if we're sharing home, heart, and bed, we're in a poly relationship. Sign me...
Honest Accidentally Poly Person, Yep
Perhaps it's the triad designation that makes your partner uncomfortable. That particular label implies that you're all equal partners — not just equally attracted to each other and in love with each other (which three people rarely are), but equals on the emotional, social, and financial fronts as well, i.e., equally obligated to one another....
I'm a married 28-year-old male. My partner and I are conflicted over the level of openness in our relationship. She describes herself as "post-mononormative." I consider myself GGG....
I reject the polyamorous notion that love is limitless — when she has misinterpreted conversations and transgressed boundaries, it has always coincided with the neglect of our own relationship. I have given up seeking the moral high ground and just want to find a solution. Should I have polyamorous relationships of my own? Or should I focus on cultivating shared erotic experiences with my partner? And do her transgressions mean that the boundaries we've set are not explicit or generous enough?
Non-Normative Problems
I don't think retaliatory polyamory is healthy or sustainable.... And while you can focus on cultivating shared erotic experiences, NNP, your partner has made it clear that she needs — and intends to have — novel experiences that don't include you. And while her transgressions may mean the boundaries you've set aren't explicit or generous enough, NNP, it's likelier that your partner gets off on transgression. Some people do.
I think you're confused, NNP, and your confusion stems from the fact that your partner is negotiating with you about her nonnegotiable terms.... Accept her terms or divorce her ass, but stop deluding yourself.
Read the whole column, which is more nuanced than these excerpts. (Oct. 15, 2015).
Labels: advice, advice columns, Dan Savage
*More Than Two* in the media: new roundup
More shameless cat-pic promo
I'm still waiting to see reviews of More Than Two in mainstream media by book reviewers outside the polyworld bubble. Within the bubble, people are raving about it. But a month and a half since its official publication date, I'm not seeing a breakout yet.
Meanwhile, authors Franklin Veaux and Eve Rickert have reached the desert southwest in their cross-country book tour, driving a 22-year-old vehicle with an unplanned new radiator. This evening (Saturday the 11th) they're appearing at Santa Fe's Op Cit Books.
Here's a roundup of the latest non-major-media coverage.
● Rave review by Cross at xcBDSM:
I began reading the book expecting it to be good. I expected to read a lot of things that I already knew, though perhaps articulated better than I had read before.... I planned to highlight a few passages to quote in the review and say some nice things about it.
But I was wrong.
Yes, at first, much of what I read was familiar to me. But the amazing thing about this book, and why I am ready to buy a couple dozen copies to hand out to my friends, is that it truly does break new ground. There were ideas that I had never considered before, approaches that were new and interesting.
...The book could be accurately described as a tool box. Unlike previous books on the subject which focus very heavily on establishing the shape and structure of your open relationship, this book begins and ends with two very important tenets: "1. The people in the relationship are more important than the relationship, and 2. Don't Treat People as Things." These two axioms are repeated throughout, and the authors give special attention to all of the individuals involved. With these things in mind, they provide a wealth of tools, techniques and strategies for successfully navigating the (still) largely uncharted waters of polyamory.
The book revolves around five central themes: Trust, Courage, Abundance, Ethics, and Empowerment. These themes provide the heartbeat for the book, and while they aren't discussed individually or explicitly... the authors [made] sure that everything they wrote reflected them....
Read the whole article (Aug. 25, 2014).
● Jessica Burde published an article on the book, including how it came about, in the unconventional-lifestyle online magazine The Plaid Zebra:
...The authors advise that couples shouldn't go into polyamory intending to "try" it. The book lays out some solid logic in opposition [to this] — it isn't fair to use your new partners as guinea pigs for your relationship experiments, and polyamory is a lot like skydiving. You can't ease out of the plane, sit on the wing for a while, cling to the landing gear until you feel safe....
"When you leave that plane," Franklin says, "there is no going back. Even if you decide poly is not for you, you may go back to monogamy, but you're probably going to approach your relationship differently after that, and that is okay."
As Eve puts it,
"The early stages of a poly relationship are very hard if you are not prepared to confront that struggle and move through it. When you hit that struggle, which is going to happen, you are going to put other people at risk. And it is really worth it to sit down beforehand and discuss [how you will handle the struggle]."...
Read the whole article (undated; September 2014).
● Review in the student newspaper of the University of Texas/ Austin:
...Any time we try to create relationships outside of traditional cultural scripts, we can expect to face problems we are unprepared to solve. But what I really appreciated about More Than Two is the authors' insistence that all the tools necessary to be successful at poly are actually just relationship tools more generally....
● An audio interview at Kinxr Podcast (with the mic going live way too soon, IMO. The interview proper begins around 11:45). Length 1 hour 16 mins. Skip ahead; it gets more solid later:
● In the Santa Fe Reporter, in advance of tonight's stop on their book tour:
Three Questions (Oct. 9, 2014):
Q: Personally, what was the most enlightening part of writing this book?
A: ...For a long, long time I had written about polyamory, but I'd never actually written my own story. I had always written about the conclusions that I have drawn about how to do poly well, but I'd never written the story of my poly experiences personally. My partner Eve decided that was an important part of this book, and that was kind of an awesome experience.
● And a nice callout in the weekend arts & culture section of the Santa Fe New Mexican: Two is the loneliest number: A Practical Guide to Ethical Polyamory (Oct. 10, 2014):
...Poly is a relationship style, not a sexual practice, and many configurations exist within it. Being poly doesn't necessarily involve group sex or anything particularly adventurous in the bedroom, although for some people it does. Poly people are also not all pagan or into New Age spirituality, and many dislike the assumption that they are naturally more emotionally evolved or open-minded than monogamous people. Successful polyamory requires that everyone in a given relationship be willing to listen, learn, and grow to sustain long-term commitments to one another — the same as in any happy, lasting relationship....
● Eve and Franklin were interviewed from Brazil for the new magazine Revista Mandala: Amor Multiplicado – Para Quem Ama Do Um (October 2014).
● A review in Russia, by a writer who must stay anonymous, on the Russian poly site polyamory.progressor.ru. Open it in Chrome, and Google Translate will offer to turn it into machine English. As cleaned up a bit by me:
Non-monogamy for normal people
Dear friends! I know that many of you, one way or another, are involved in relationships that do not fit traditional notions of monogamy — having read Heinlein, or hiked in Sinton, or under the influence of alcohol or friends, or even maybe you came to the idea independently.
I know that many of you have not just been or are involved in non-monogamous relationships, but also that you prefer not to discuss it. Or even studiously ignore it. I have often noticed from the corner of my eye (and a couple of times not the corner) an attitude toward me among friends and acquaintances as to being an abnormal pervert, because I talk about this topic, and look for information....
So, I suggest you at least think about how to read a book that was written for normal people who just consider some conventions to be limitations....
Moreover, the second section of this book and, in part, the third, I would recommend to all people who want their relationships to be happy, even if the relationship is strictly monogamous. What it says about the obstacles to healthy communication between people and what contributes to it, I have not seen expressed in such a systematic and concise way anywhere in literature addressed to married couples, although at one time I read a lot of it....
This book, however, has a very significant drawback: it is thick and it is written in English. And it is unlikely to be translated into Russian in the coming years, especially in light of the current struggle against spiritual buckles....
● Past coverage.
Labels: Eve Rickert, Franklin Veaux, More Than Two


text:
Kellanvirta är en sjö i kommunen Konnevesi i landskapet Mellersta Finland i Finland. Sjön ligger  meter över havet. Arean är  hektar och strandlinjen är  kilometer lång. Sjön   Den ligger omkring 50 kilometer nordöst om Jyväskylä och omkring 280 kilometer norr om Helsingfors.

I sjön finns ön Taikinaissaari. Nordöst om Kellanvirta ligger Siikakoski.

Källor

Insjöar i Mellersta Finland
Konnevesis natur

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Auto Components »
axle drive
Continental to start series production of an electric powertrain in China
The fully integrated axle drive promises best-in-class values in power density, size and weight, claimed the Continental AG.ETAuto | July 10, 2019, 16:09 IST
The new axle drive doesn't need numerous cable connections and connectors with a focus on the integration of electric motor, power electronics and transmission.
New Delhi: Automotive component manufacturer Continental AG will start mass production of its first fully integrated axle drive in China.
With the production to start later this year at Tianjin in the third quarter of 2019, these electric motors will be used in vehicles from both Chinese and European OEMs.
At the IAA 2019, Continental has showcased its third generation electric powertrains that come with very high-performance, lightweight and compact axle drive. This new axle drive comes with best-in-class values in power density, size and weight, claims the company in a release.
Andreas Wolf, CEO of Continental's powertrain business has said, "We are promoting new mobility solutions with pioneering technologies. Our electric drives form a key element of innovative vehicles – from both established manufacturers and start-up companies."
The new high-voltage drive is claimed to be combining the electric motor, power electronics and reduction gear in a single housing. The new axle drive weighs less than 80 kgs and takes less space as well, claimed the company in the release.
CAIT for lowering GST rates on auto parts, aluminium utensils
Rajkot auto parts industry hits rough road, over 10,000 unemployed in 45 days
It churns out a maximum power output of 150 kW and 310 Nm of torque, making the electric motor roughly equivalent to a conventional 2.0-litre turbo-diesel engine. The electric motor and power electronics of the new system come liquid-cooled boosting efficiency.
This new axle drive doesn't need numerous cable connections and connectors with a focus on the integration of electric motor, power electronics and transmission.
Due to its compact size, performance data and characteristics, the electric axle drive from Continental is suitable for numerous vehicle classes and concepts. Specifically, the drive module can be easily fit in a small car and several compact SUVs as well.
Thomas Stierle, Head of the Hybrid Electric Vehicle business unit of the Powertrain division of Continental AG, said, "We offer the highly integrated axle drive in two performance levels, with 120 kW or 150 kW. The new, high-voltage drive, comprising an electric motor, power electronics and reduction gear, has also reached a previously unseen level of development."
Tags : Auto Components, Continental AG, electric motors, axle drive, Auto parts, international
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Your ad will be run for two consecutive weeks. If your item does not sell within that two-week period, YOU MUST RE-BOOK it prior to the booking deadline of 4pm Tuesday. Your ad must be reconfirmed each week thereafter. If more than one week lapses, the item will be deemed sold, and the ad cannot be repeated unless paid for. Once published, the only change which can be made is the PRICE. Full terms and conditions are published in the Weekender.
Not included in the offer are any business ads, rental hire, employment etc for the purpose of ongoing profit. Any real estate(for sale) ads or garage sales are also excluded. Only one item per until sold ad.
Cut off is 4pm Tuesday (AWST) for THIS WEEKS paper, orders after this time will appear in the following weeks issue.
If you would like to submit a display classified, click here.
Fill in the options above to purchase a classified in the next Great Southern Weekender issue.
Sat 8.30-1pm Allerton Rd h/hold, furniture, trailer wheel parts.


text:
require 'fakefs/spec_helpers'
require 'main'

# See http://rubydoc.info/gems/rspec-core/RSpec/Core/Configuration
RSpec.configure do |config|
  #config.treat_symbols_as_metadata_keys_with_true_values = true
  config.run_all_when_everything_filtered = true
  config.filter_run :focus

  config.include FakeFS::SpecHelpers, fakefs: true

  # Run specs in random order to surface order dependencies. If you find an
  # order dependency and want to debug it, you can fix the order by providing
  # the seed, which is printed after each run.
  #     --seed 1234
  config.order = 'random'
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


We often forget about tire maintenance and the role it plays in improving tire life, preventing tire failure and improving fuel economy. Proper tire inflation is the foundation of tire maintenance. The simplest solution to help maintain proper air pressure is to replace the air in the tires with Nitrogen.
As a NitroFill™ dealer Longhorn Ford can replace the ordinary air in your tires with NitroFill's patented ultra high purity nitrogen. The ordinary air in tires is about 20% oxygen and water is a component of oxygen. While the water in the air is beneficial for living things its not so great for mechanical components. The presence of water increases the chances for rust, corrosion, rot and condensation.
Filling your tires with air from a compressor also introduces trace amounts of oil and water vapor. Oxygen also has a very small molecular composition which allows for air to seep through your tires. A typical tire can loose anywhere from one to three psi per month. On the other hand Nitrogen has none of those characteristics and is a much better choice for use in tires.
The NitroFill™ system cleans and filters out the bad components and inflates the tires with Nitrogen. Now you can extend the life of your tires, prevent against tire failure, maintain proper inflation and improve fuel economy with NitroFill from Longhorn Ford.
Ask your service advisor for details and join the NitroFill™ Auto Club today.


Earlier this year, the Denver Architectural League announced a competition to design a hypothetical housing complex with eight tiny apartments. And by tiny, we mean no more than 375 square feet, roughly the size of a two-car garage. Turns out, there's a lot of interest in microhousing, and not just in Denver. When the contest closed, there were 70 entries from more than 20 countries, and the top four winners were all from abroad. Jeff Sheppard is founder and principal of the Denver firm Roth Sheppard Architects. He talks to Ryan Warner.
Contest entries are on display at Roth Sheppard Architects in Denver through June 21st.


text:
« Eyelash Growth Reviews, Legit or Scams?
Coach sneakers can be capable of attracting the most reserved of shoppers »
Marvel Comics announces 'Avengers vs. X-Men, '? 2012 mega-event that pits super hero vs. super hero
Not since the Red Sox sold Babe Ruth to the Yankees for $125, 000 has there been such a great opportunity for a budding rivalry in pop culture.
Marvel Comics announced this week that it is pitting its too biggest franchise super teams against each other, Moncler Outlet in the aptly-titled twelve issue mini-series "Avengers vs. X-Men. " The first issue will hit stores in April 2012 – conveniently timed near the opening of the "Avengers" film that combines Marvel Studios' "Iron Man, " "Thor" and "Captain America" franchises into one mega-franchise.
"The seeds for "Avengers vs. X-Men" were planted almost a decade ago and have been growing ever since, " says Marvel Editor-in-Chief Axel Alonso. "A simple inciting incident will force the world's two most powerful and, thanks to the multiplex, popular super hero franchises to take a stand on an extinction-level problem that cuts to the core of who they are, Canada Goose Jakke for nothing less than the future of the planet.
More importantly, Snow Mantra it will answer the question that has stumped philosophers for ages: Who would win in a fight, Cyclops or Captain America?
If that wasn't enough to cause fanboys' heads to explode, the series is being written and drawn by all of the publisher's top talent – including writers Brian Michael Bendis, Canada Goose Ed Brubaker, Matt Fraction, Jason Aaron and Jonathan Hickman and artists John Romita Jr., Olivier Coipel and Adam Kubert.
But cynics point to an oversaturation of mega-events every summer in recent years at both Marvel and cross-town rival, DC Comics, which has forced fans to buy extra spin-off issues to complete the storyline.
"Make no mistake, this will be the big Michael Bay summer event for Marvel, but the talent involved does make it more interesting, " says Mike Cotton, Editor in Chief of Champion! Magazine for the Ipad. "It's great planning and timing by Marvel to tie the Avengers into their most popular franchise, the X-Men, just as the movie is coming out. "
esacks@nydailynews. com
This entry was posted on Friday, December 9th, 2011 at 6:16 pm and is filed under Uncategorized.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


Do you have a Small Office Home Office (SOHO) grade router at home? Is it possible you have rogue devices on your corporate network? Does Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) traffic traverse your network? If you answer yes to any of these questions, then this post is a must read!
Cisco TALOS has rushed to publish results from a study conducted over several months related to a sophisticated, likely state-sponsored malware they are calling "VPNFilter." Although the research is not yet complete, TALOS thought it best to publish their findings as soon as possible. This is due to multiple similarities found between VPNFilter and versions of BlackEnergy, which was responsible for an attack on the Ukraine. This malware is considered command-and-control (C2), which means that a hacker infiltrates a device to gain control of it and then remotely commands this device to perform malicious tasks. Essentially the VPNFilter flavor of C2 malware has three stages.
Stage 1 is persistent, meaning that it survives a reboot of the device. This is unique because most C2 is not persistent after a reboot. The purpose of this stage is to call home to a C2 server and enable the deployment of the second stage. Unlike the first stage, the second and third stages are not persistent. It is important to mention that TALOS and its partners have determined which URLs and IP Addresses were being utilized for the distribution of the second and third stage and have blocked them. This means although the first stage is persistent, a reboot should fix the potential issues associated with stage 2 and 3 because the devices can no longer call home successfully.
According to TALOS, Stage 2, "possesses capabilities that we have come to expect in a workhorse intelligence-collection platform, such as file collection, command execution, data exfiltration and device management." Some varieties of this stage of VPNFilter contain self-destruct capabilities. These versions have the ability to rewrite critical portions of the code on the infected devices, which would render the devices useless.
At the time that this was written, it is unclear exactly what the intent of the stage 3 portion of VPNFilter is. TALOS has determined that stage 3 provided plugins to the stage 2 malware. At the time of this writing, there were two discovered functions of this plug-in, but TALOS was certain that many other variants existed. The first is a packet sniffer that collects information such as website credentials and monitors Modbus SCADA protocols. The second is a module that allows the stage 2 malware to communicate over Tor. This combination of plug-ins would allow the hackers to capture credentials and SCADA information and send that information to an offsite server.
For more up-to-date information regarding stage 3 and impacted devices, please visit this Cisco TALOS blog.
If you have questions or need some assistance with this threat, please feel free to contact me.


text:
https://dxcprod.doc.govt.nz/nature/native-animals/birds/birds-a-z/stitchbird/
Stitchbird
Stitchbird/hihi
Image: Michael Hamilton | Creative Commons
Stitchbird/hihi is a medium-sized forest species that is one of New Zealand's rarest birds.
Found in: Naturally surviving on Little Barrier Island
Threats: Predation, habitat loss, disease
Stitchbird/hihi song (MP3, 3,830)
04:04 – Adult territorial calls.
Species information: Sitchbird on NZ Birds Online
Stitchbird/hihi videos
Hihi conservation
In pre-European times, hihi were found throughout the North Island and on several islands such as Great Barrier, Little Barrier (Hauturu) and Kapiti. Sadly the species became extinct on the mainland with the last recorded sighting in the Tararua Ranges in 1883.
Habitat loss, the introduction of mammalian predators such as cats and rats and specimen collection probably contributed to the decline of hihi on the mainland. They also appear to be especially prone to the effects of diseases, which may have been introduced to New Zealand with domestic birds.
The stitchbird/hihi is one of New Zealand's rarest birds. The female birds (pictured) have more subdued colouring and look quite different to the male birds.
Image: © Garry Norman/Mount Bruce Wildlife Centre
Hihi research
An active research programme with Massey and Auckland universities, as well as other institutes such as London Zoological Society and Cambridge Univeristy, has greatly increased our knowledge of hihi biology.
Hihi are also the only birds known to sometimes mate face to face.
Hihi have been found to have a fascinating and complex mating system. Males pair up with a female in their territory while also seeking to mate with other females in the neighbourhood. To ensure the chicks are his, males need to produce large amounts of sperm to dilute that of other males. And to avoid wasting this, the male has to assess exactly when a female is ready to breed. In the days leading up to laying, when a female is weighed down with developing eggs, a number of males may chase her for hours at a time, all attempting to mate with her.
Research has also resulted in developing techniques for managing nesting behaviour, for example, managing nest mites, cross fostering and sexing of chicks and habitat suitability.
Management of the captive population at the Pukaha Mount Bruce National Wildlife Centre has also contributed to understanding the role of avian diseases in managing hihi populations. Diseases such as Aspergillosis, a fungal infection of the respiratory tract, and Coccidiosis, an intestinal parasite, have been found to affect wild hihi survivial.
Current research programmes include developing a technique to measure the size of the Little Barrier hihi population and assess its health and viability. Another study, on Tiritiri Matangi, is looking at the effect of carotenoid availability on hihi health (carotenoids are used for the yellow colour in male hihi feathers and egg yolk, and are important for health).
DOC's Stitchbird Recovery Plan has a long term goal of increasing the number of self-sustaining populations of hihi to five. Important steps towards this include:
Ensure the Little Barrier population of hihi is protected
Establish self-sustaining populations at new sites through translocation
Monitor and enhance existing populations on managed islands
Improve knowledge of hihi through research
Maintain a small captive population at the Pukaha Mount Bruce National Wildlife Centre in eastern Wairarapa.
Hihi/stitchbird (Notiomystis cincta) recovery plan 2004–09 (PDF, 262K)
Translocations
The only naturally surviving population of hihi is found on Little Barrier Island (Te Hauturu-o-Toi) in the Hauraki Gulf. Hauturu was declared a bird sanctuary in 1894 and later a nature reserve, a move that undoubtedly saved the hihi from extinction.
DOC and its predecessor, the New Zealand Wildlife Service, have carried out a series of translocations of hihi from Little Barrier Island to other secure predator-free islands. Early attempts to establish birds on Hen, Mokoia (Lake Rotorua) and Cuvier islands and at Art in the Park, Waitakere Ranges were not successful without supporting management. Later transfers to Kapiti and Tiritiri Matangi trialled new management techniques to assist the hihi to survive.
There are now small managed populations of hihi on Tiritiri Matangi and Kapiti islands, as well as Karori Wildlife Sanctuary in Wellington, Bushy Park near Wanganui, Maungatautari, and hihi have recently been reintroduced to Rotokare.
DOC now supports these populations by providing nectar feeders and artificial nest boxes. Staff closely monitor breeding activity during the summer season, removing infertile eggs to encourage subsequent nesting attempts, and cross fostering where needed. Nest boxes are also sprayed to prevent mite infestations that can kill young chicks.
You can help by donating to the New Zealand National Parks and Conservation Foundation, and getting involved with Hihi Conservation.


text:
Mesothelioma Attorney, William Kherkher
Asbestos in Apartment Buildings – What you Need to Know
If you own a television or radio, or you have access to the Internet, chances are you've heard quite a bit about asbestos and the diseases it causes. It's been well-established that asbestos is a scourge, as it leads to debilitating and painful lung conditions including mesothelioma, asbestosis and lung cancer, all of which are fatal diseases in nature.
What you may not have heard about, however, in regards to asbestos is where it tends to be found. The mesothelioma lawyers at Williams Hart would like to provide you with one of the most common locations in which asbestos is found below, but if you have suffered as a result of exposure to this substance, contact a mesothelioma lawyer at Williams Hart today to schedule a free initial consultation.
Older Apartment Buildings
Millions of people in the United States live in apartment buildings for a wide variety of reasons, and unfortunately, asbestos was commonly used in all sorts of buildings throughout the early and mid-20th Century. When one adds these two variables together, it's easy to see that there are certain apartment buildings that were built with asbestos included in the materials.
The worst part of asbestos exposure is that asbestos is generally a colorless, odorless and microscopic group of fibers, which means that humans can be exposed to this substance for long periods of time without having any idea that their lives are being put at risk as a result of their proximity to this substance.
If you are about to move into an apartment building, and it looks like it's more than a few years old, you need to protect yourself before you are exposed. Make sure that you ask some blunt questions of the property owners or managers that relate to this issue. For instance, you need to ask when the building was built, and if it was built before 1980, you should treat that as a 'red flag.'
You should also ask if asbestos was used in the building when it was originally built. If asbestos was used, ask the owner or manager whether or not it was removed, and if it was, when it was removed. Finally, you should also ask if anyone has ever filed a claim against the owner or manager based on exposure to asbestos.
You owe it to yourself to avoid this type of exposure, as it's often deadly as a result. If you have been exposed, contact a mesothelioma attorney at Williams Hart immediately to schedule a free initial consultation.


A favourite amongst designers and architects, Levanto looks great, lasts for decades and at a fraction of the cost of real marble flooring. These gorgeous Vinyl tiles fit together using the renowned Uniclic locking mechanism, which makes them a lot easier to install than ceramic tiles. It's not just the look and ease of installation, these tiles are crafted to withstand the toughest environments and come with an amazing LIFETIME RESIDENTIAL WARRANTY.


Formally known as Granite Dell Gardens this palatial Estate on Granite Dell Road is more than meets the eye. This dazzling property has been host to weddings, anniversaries, parties, retirements and corporate events. Granite Dell boasts a 4,200 sqft home, 1,700 sqft pool house, 800 sqft cottage, 3,300 sqft pavilion, shop, 12 acres of landscape and lakes, gardens and a private airstrip. This property totals over 33 acres! This fairy tale setting is located near the historic gold mining town of Coulterville and only 30 minutes away from Yosemite. Whether for a perfect family vacation spot or an opportunity to create memorable events in peoples lives, magic is waiting to happen at Granite Dell.


Our UK-based development company is the complete service digital agency focused on the production of the top notch software for iOS-based devices.
From corporate strategy to full implementation we create custom solutions in compliance with all Apple design requirements.
We are working on your business success, providing the best team of developers on each project and quick engineering procedure to deliver high-quality work in the shortest timeframes.
Our developers use the latest technologies to improve the range of service and provide the best programs to make your Apple devices the most efficient business tools.
We bring our wide experience to all stages of the project from early brainstorming to the full post-launch support. We provide constant QA testing during the whole process. Thus, since the beginning, we help with planning, development and promotion of the app which will lead to the biggest financial returns for you and the greatest benefit to the users.
6+ years we have produced 1000+ successful apps and projects for iPhone, iPad and other gadgets. With 150+ skilled professionals, our UK company became the global name of services in mobile app and software development.
Our working schedule is dynamic and completely goal oriented. Before starting work, our developers estimate the project objectives, requirements, expectations and elaborate strategies to guarantee complete success to the clients.
Add building that reaches business goals requires enormous efforts on development. Our developers have vast experience in software production and never stop educating themselves. We hire only high-skilled professionals who can understand the needs of the client and provide excellent decisions.
We give 24*7 supports to the clients, offering different opportunities to contact us: Skype call or conference, phone call or e-mail - we are always happy to hear from you here in the UK. Our high-quality customer relation provides us with the loyal clients, ready to establish a long-term partnership.
As the mobile technology becomes more elastic, the way of use of intelligent devices constantly grows. Researchers consider that the mobile technology will completely manage our next generation. Thus our UK company offers the quality services of development for Apple gadgets for small and medium-sized businesses and also for the large corporations. We follow consecutive and well-organised approach to the creation of the user interfaces which work correctly without any bugs and errors. We have already arrived to create a fair name in the IT world, having provided the best results according to customer requirements within their budget.
The most important principle followed while developing Apple programs consists in following the Apple guidelines to create the products able to compete on an equal footing in the large-scale market. The developers of our team in the UK are well aware of the design environment and the whole development process. Sales of the products are stimulated mainly by massive advertising in all forms, and we perfectly know how to create the icons, write the description or organise the screenshots to make the product seen and selected by the users. All you need is a good idea to start, and we guarantee that you will receive the best help.
There are many third-party development tools which are available for Apple program building. Our developers in the UK use many apps, but back in earlier days, XCode was the unique mode available to development. Objective-C is the main programming languages for app creation. Nevertheless, Apple thought up the new programming language - Swift that became a successor to Objective-C. Our developers have mastered both languages to build Apple programs in the most productive way. Presently, with numerous third-party platforms, the developers are ready to create innovative products for all needs. The usage of such platforms gives us a chance to code in both languages Objective-C and Swift languages reducing development time.
There are much more platforms to be added to the list, such as GameSalad and other development tools.
When building software, our developers and programmers guarantee that enough information is transferred to the client concerning the tools used for development to make them feel that their idea is in reliable hands.
The Apple developers in the UK are open for new trends which eventually go forward and help us to improve our services.
As soon as the idea is transferred by the client, we make sure that our team is able to enhance it to the maximum extent and to improvise it according to customer expectations.
Why choose our UK Apple Developers?
Have an idea for development?
The design of a mobile application requires special skills, experience and knowledge to make it correct. We have standards and instructions which follow all our developers, but at the same time, we are inclined to be creative and innovative.
The first thing which we like to do with the new client is to ask questions. We can't understand your ideas and thoughts if we had no opportunity to recognise you and your business. We like to talk, and you can share the ideas and explain what you definitely need before we are preparing for you several offers that we consider to be right for your project. We want to establish the purposes during this meeting. The purposes which are going to lead to the success. What precisely we want to reach with this mobile application?
After the determination is done, we are ready to research and define methods which are going to help us to achieve the objectives. The final thing we carry out is the brainstorming. It is actually our favourite part because we have an opportunity to add something that sometimes is a key to the successfully developed plan.
The material design remained one of the hottest app UI/UX trends of Apple. It has been developed to improve user experience making it more simple, unified, and intuitive. The material design is based on the concept of flat design - a constant trend for the past few years and a standard in UI/UX design. During the past few years, flat design concepts have undergone some changes, but the general look rests more or less the same.
The functional animation trend is not about making an animation for the sake of animation. The motion and shape change illusions have to serve a logical purpose. Simple, vivid, fast, meaningful, and responsive – these are the key traits of the material design language that we adhere to. The idea of functional animations is not only Apple trend but also widespread across different mobile platforms.
Using card layouts is another way to make UX more meaningful and dynamic and. It is one of the most popular trends that started in 2014 and about to stay for long, as UX design becomes less visual but more functional.
Grouping information in outlined boxes and making them a one-tap entry point to more detailed information is convenient, attractive, and efficient from a user's perspective.
UI/UX adaptation for larger screens is a must because larger screens change the way users hold devices. Therefore, we have reconsidered the approach to UI and UX design to take full advantage of Apple gadgets. Our UK developers put the emphasis on gesture-based navigation and make programs feel and look more spacious by hiding controls and additional content in contextual menus.
Opposite to the diversity of subtle colour schemes, the material design guidelines suggest using vibrant and unexpected colours and building colour hierarchy. Material design praises both dark and light backgrounds, but most of the apps today still use white themes by default. So developing the app with us, you will outflank the competitors being in trend.
All in all, the software tends to simplification of interfaces, and an emphasis on user engagement and functionality. These trends are especially relevant for our UK developers.
Research – We intend to know your business better, plunging deeply into the business requirements to study the target audience, main goals and barriers to success. We consider us as extremely quick thinkers and innovators ready to find the new ideas and fresh concepts.
UI design – One thing which we like to do is prototype building. We need them because they help to create a solid foundation to expand the functionality of the product, understand its central characteristics, to define the relation between elements to construct charming user experience.
Fast prototype development – As soon as we have prepared the basis, it is time to make real work. We begin to create animations, structures, connect screens, buttons –these are all little elements for the design of a good mobile program. We intend to make prototypes at the early stages of development and never to stop the user testing. Even when the product is safely in departments of your company or is alive in Apple Store, we can optimise experience.
Branding and Visual designing – Our developers are perfect team-players. Thus, we can make different things at the same time. While we develop the design of the User interface, we also create a brand of the mobile application and visual designing. We analyse requirements and needs of the users and deeply investigate the target audience. The specialists use market research, mind maps, cases, new trends and cultural tendencies, to find out what motivates your customers.
We pay special attention to the latest Apple trends and guidelines to make the full use of the advantages the iOS operating system offers for a creation of innovative programs. Software creation for Apple devices demands many efforts, and we are happy to work at full capacity to add your idea in the wide base of Apple products, and making them the most popular ones.
Therefore our UK project team consists of highly qualified developers and programmers, testers, project managers, marketing consultants who have the enormous work experience in iOS development.
Feel free to contact our UK customer department anytime, and one of our specialists will be happy to assist you.
Our solutions are ideal for any company, from the multinational corporation hoping to monopolise the new foreign market to a small family shop. If you are interested in detection what potential could unlock your business, having included the latest technology in the production process, our British developers are ready to discuss your ideas and turn them into profitable apps.


Universal Laws | Prosperity2All	Prosperity2All - Tag Archive for "universal laws"
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Are you looking for proof that the Law of Attraction is real? Perhaps you are wondering why the things you want is not yet visible? Maybe you're losing faith in the power of the universe and the Law of Attraction …. Do not be afraid! This will help!
A lot of people, when they first start out using a life coach or studying universal laws such as the law of attraction, get frustrated because their goals either move towards them very slowly or not at all. This can be very frustrating and sometimes leads to a loss of faith.


Interestingly the recipe uses brewed tea as its liquid. If desired, substitute 2 tablespoons Irish whiskey for an equal amount of the tea.
1	Pour the hot tea over the dried fruits in a medium-sized bowl. Set the mixture aside to cool to lukewarm, about 1 hour.
2	Preheat the oven to 325°F. Lightly grease an 8" x 2" round cake pan. If your pan isn't at least 2" deep, use a 9" round pan.
3	In a medium-sized bowl, stir together the brown sugar, flour, baking powder, and salt.
4	Add the dried fruit, and any remaining liquid. Stir till thoroughly combined; the batter will be thick and stiff.
5	Add the egg, mixing till thoroughly combined.
6	Spread the mixture into the prepared pan. Sprinkle the top evenly with the coarse sparkling sugar.
7	Bake the bread for 60 to 70 minutes, till a cake tester inserted in the center comes out moist, but without clinging crumbs.
8	Remove it from the oven, and turn it out of the pan onto a rack to cool.


Vbdrj Ransomware is a malicious program which use to encrypt files and then demand ransom from the victim. Recently ransomware has infected number of computers around the globe and make huge amount of money. So if you don't have backup of your important data then you need to be careful because once the ransomware attack your system you can't access even a single file. Similar to other file encrypting threat it is also known for encrypting large number of file types. After encrypting the files it send the decryption key to its command and control server then demand ransom from user for the decryption key.
Just like any other malware Vbdrj Ransomware also slip silently in the system without users knowledge. After its invasion it create entries in the Windows registry that helps it to start its process automatically with each start of infected system. Users will not get any clue what the ransomware vis doing on their system because all its process run in background. The only symptom which is recognize is the slow running of system that is ignored by many users. The ransomware encrypts file with a military grade encryption algorithm. Completion of encryption it drop ransom note on victim desktop.
The ransom note contains text message which instruct users how they can decrypt their files. As instructed by the ransom note, users have to pay specific amount of ransom money in order to decrypt the files. Maybe the ransom amount is affordable by some users but users are not suggested to pay the ransom. Because the only purpose of criminals is to make money and once they get that there is great possibility that they will ignore your request. So try to restore your files from backup but before that you need to remove Vbdrj Ransomware.
How Vbdrj Ransomware Affects Your PC & Browser?
In Today's era PC is used widely almost the world because it has some in-built application that makes user life simple and easy. In PC user can store their all important data or personal information without any hesitation. Vbdrj Ransomware is most popular infection which invades into the Windows Operating System. It injects almost entire OS including Windows 7, 8, XP, Vista etc. Sometimes you may see that your System does not working properly as before or repeatedly degrades System performance and Internet speed which takes lots of time to do a single job such as load any web-page, execute any program, start-up or shut-down Windows etc. If your System's behavior is similar with it then you should understand that your System is infected with Vbdrj Ransomware. Vbdrj Ransomware is an harmful infection which do lots of harmful things to corrupt your system.
Once Vbdrj Ransomware invades into the Compromised PC, it will automatically disables Windows Firewall, anti-virus applications and security updates. After invading this infection you will find that you are automatically connected with remote hackers and cyber crooks release your privacy.
After successfully installation of Vbdrj Ransomware on Infected PC, it will disables the System applications, so that user cannot execute their applications properly. It may automatically delete registry keys of System security application to replace entire System and browser settings. This type of infection opens the backdoors of targeted System to enter other harmful malware infection. Vbdrj Ransomware may do lots of things to corrupt your entire system.
Vbdrj Ransomware get infiltrated inside the PC via numerous shady ways. Mostly it get invade inside the PC by downloading free games, toolbars, media players and other system utilities. It also get entered inside the PC along with the installation of mainstream software applications without fully reading license agreements. Often the causes such as sharing files like music, photos and many more in networking environment, visiting various adult websites are also liable behind the insertion of this threat inside the PC.
Vbdrj Ransomware sometimes propagates inside the PC by opening spam emails or an email attachments. Sometimes the reasons such as irregular updating of anti-virus programs, upgrading already installed applications, injecting infectious external storage devices etc are also responsible behind the insertion of this threat inside the PC. Vbdrj Ransomware also get entered inside the PC by clicking on several suspicious images and links.
Its not hard to protect your PC from virus and threats like Vbdrj Ransomware and therefore, here we provide some tips in order to keep your computer safe from virus infections.
2) Install And Use An Antivirus Program – Installing an anti-virus program is an effective method to keep your system protected from Vbdrj Ransomware. Download and install an anti-virus program and always keep it up to date and time to time scan your system through anti-virus program.
3) Never Click On Attachments Or Links – It is suggested to the users to never click on the email links or attachments received from unknown sources. If you click on any such email links or attachments within a minute you will get number of Vbdrj Ransomware within your system. So just ignore such email attachments and links.
4) Always Keep The Firewall Enable – The Firewall keep your system protected from virus threats as it alert the system user if any virus infection try to invade into your PC. Firewall can block suspicious downloads and other Vbdrj Ransomware from invading into the system.
Now after knowing about Vbdrj Ransomware and its harmful activities that it perform on the infected computer, you should immediately remove it. You can manually fix this infection but be very careful. Manual removal is full of risky and very complicated process which require sound technical PC knowledge. Even who are new to computer world unable to perform all the steps sequentially.
Step 1. Press Ctrl+Alt+Del keys together to stop Vbdrj Ransomware process in the Windows Task Manager.
Infected with Vbdrj Ransomware ? Are you tried of removing Vbdrj Ransomware out from PC ? Want to remove Vbdrj Ransomware ? If Yes then you should use one of the most effective virus removal tool that is Automatic Removal Tool. This tool is able to detect, block and remove Rootkits, Adware, Spyware, Keyloggers, Worms, Trojan, Cookies, Ransomware, Browser Hijackers and other kinds of malware.
Once you install Automatic Removal Tool in your system you will see its easy to use interface. It has very easy to use interface along with the intelligent automatic protection. After installation follow the steps one by one and at last you will be able to remove all the malicious programs including Vbdrj Ransomware from your PC.
Automatic Vbdrj Ransomware Removal has been really considered as one of the powerful and efficient tool that has been specially designed by the experts in order to remove all infections from computer. This tool is capable to detect and delete all types of bugs along with spyware, adware, Trojan, keyloggers and worms.
Designed with advanced algorithm, this tool ensures you for fully protection and improves your computer performances. Almost all threat get loaded automatically each time when Windows launches that badly harm the PC and to overcome this problem, Automatic Vbdrj Ransomware Removal allows the PC to boot without windows in order to remove that threat with the help of compact OS configured with it.
Some vicious malware hides its code deep inside the PC due to many popular security programs get fails to detect and delete it, but Automatic Vbdrj Ransomware Removal smartly preforms instant rootkit scan that detect all the hidden infections and further generate a message asking user to reboot the PC in order to Uninstall that while booting process. Even, it is capable to remove all invalid registry entries and unsafe files related to that threats.
Having Helpdesk option facilitates you to help option in case if the tool in not able to solve any problem. Further, it is very easy to install and use as having very smart and user friendly interface and can be used by normal computer user people conveniently. And the best part is that, Automatic Vbdrj Ransomware Removal allows you to create backup of registry entries so that if needed, you can easily restore it.
Step 1: First of all download and install an Automatic Vbdrj Ransomware Tool. Once you installed it, click on the 'Scan Computer Now' option for scanning your computer. It will scan your whole computer system to detect all viruses present in your desktop.
Step 4: HelpDesk – It is one of the unique feature of the Automatic Vbdrj Ransomware tool. It helps you in sorting out all the problem related to your computer system. For example – Custom Fix System and Support Ticket System helps to protect your computer.
Step 6: Scan Scheduler – One additional feature of Automatic Vbdrj Ransomware tool that helps you to scan your computer system at pre-set time. Also provides you option to scan your computer on weekly, daily or on monthly basis.
Computer users want to protect their Web browsers but the question is "how to secure web browsers". Vbdrj Ransomware is an extremely dangerous virus that may affect the used Web browsers such as Internet Explorer, Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox etc. It also converts the default settings of browsers such as home page URL link and search engine tools. Don't worry, use some tips to enhance the Web browsers security. It really helps you to prevent any type of destruction which can crash the most used current Web browsers.
Configure the browser's security or privacy settings to secure your Web browsers from Vbdrj Ransomware. Check the browser security settings and disable the all option which can enabled advertisers to monitor your all online movements. Keep your web browsers updated, it also helps you to secure your Web browsers. Enable your Google alerts option for Web browsers to secure your browsers from Vbdrj Ransomware. Always pay attention when you installing plug-ins in your system because sometimes these malicious program comes in your system silently with insecure downloads.
You can also use WOT (Web of Trust) extension which prevents you to use unauthorized URL. If it indicates green color that means websites is reliable, yellow color allows you to use websites with caution and red color restricted you to use insecure websites. Always use https:// protocol to open any websites, it really helps you to make secure your Web browsers from Vbdrj Ransomware. You can also use a third party software to secure your web browsers from insecure or deleterious Websites.


text:
Goodyera repens (L.) R. Br.
Dwarf Rattlesnake-Plantain, more...lesser rattlesnake plantain
[Goodyera ophioides (Fern.) Rydb., moreGoodyera repens subsp. ophioides (Fern.) A. Löve & Simon, Goodyera repens var. ophioides Fern., Goodyera repens var. repens , Peramium ophioides (Fern.) Rydb., Peramium repens (L.) Salisb.]
Gleason & Cronquist
Jacquelyn A. Kallunki in Flora of North America (vol. 26)
Leaves: blade uniformly green or with green lateral veins bordered by white or greenish white tissue, narrowly to broadly ovate, 1.1-3.2 × 0.5-1.8 cm, apex acute or obtuse. Inflorescences secund, infrequently loosely spiraled, 7-36-flowered; peduncle 3-18 cm. Flowers: lateral sepals 3-5.2 mm; petals distinct; hood 3-5.5 mm; lip narrowly saccate, lanceolate, 1.8-4.8 × 1.4-3.2 mm, apex acute, recurved or reflexed, inner surface with 2 or 4 glandular ridges; anther inflexed, not immersed in shallowly concave clinandrium, apex apiculate; pollinia blunt; rostellar beak 2-pronged, 0.2-0.6 mm, shorter than body of stigma; viscidium orbiculate. 2n = 30. Flowering early Jul--early Sep. Shady, moist, coniferous or mixed woods, on mossy or humus-covered ground, sometimes in bogs or cedar swamps; 0--2900 m; St. Pierre and Miquelon; Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.W.T., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon; Alaska, Ariz., Colo., Conn., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mont., N.H., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., Pa., S.Dak., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.; Eurasia. Two varieties of Goodyera repens have been recognized: individuals with plain green leaves as var. repens and those with leaf veins bordered by broad white bands as var. ophioides Fernald. Many specimens from western North America are intermediate in this character: the bands bordering the veins are extremely narrow and almost indistinguishable by color from the leaf blade proper. Most specimens from eastern North America have obviously white-reticulate leaves, and most specimens from western Canada have plain green leaves (some with darker green veins). At several localities in western North America, plants with plain green leaves and plants with faintly reticulate leaves are found together (W. J. Cody 1961). Individuals with faintly reticulate leaves and those with plain green leaves are often found on the same herbarium sheet and, infrequently, both kinds of leaves occur on the same plant. Because of this variation in the degree of white reticulation, the varieties are not recognized here. Individuals with plain green leaves, obviously white-reticulate leaves, and intermediate leaves occur in Alaska.
Vascular plants of NE US and adjacent Canada
Slender, mostly 1-2 dm; scape with 2-4(5) bracts; lf- blades ovate or oblong, 1-3 cm, dark bluish-green, in our plants usually white-reticulate, the midrib and veins typically green, but the lateral and cross-veins bordered with white (or pale green); infl loose, spirally secund, 3-6 cm; galea 3-5.5 (avg 4) mm; lip 3-4 mm, deeply saccate, the prominent, slender, abruptly deflexed beak-tip with spreading margins; rostellar beak 0.2-0.6 mm, scarcely prolonged beyond the blunt anther; 2n=30. Dry or moist cold woods, especially under conifers; circumboreal, in our range s. to N.Y., Mich., and Minn., and in the mts. to N.C. July, Aug. Our plants, with white-veiny lvs, belong to var. ophioides Fernald, mainly of e. N. Amer. (G. o.; Peramium o.)
Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.
©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission.


Prolific documentarian Alex Gibney takes on disgraced cyclist Lance Armstrong with "The Armstrong Lie," but has very little to say about him.
Lance Armstrong gets Alex Gibney-ed in "The Armstrong Lie."
Since 2010, director Alex Gibney has averaged two or three feature-length documentaries a year. That's an incredible number for any filmmaker, and the rush shows. His films tackle hot button issues — Enron, torture, Jack Abramoff, Eliot Spitzer, WikiLeaks and more — but in a basic, shallow fashion that betrays a lack of deeper introspection. He's not an opportunist, per se, merely making films that will draw attention. But what his films reveal is hardly ever surprising, in any interpretation of the word.
It was a given that Gibney would take on Lance Armstrong, whose belated confession to doping during the majority of his illustrious cycling career finally destroyed his reputation in January. Gibney originally meant to make his film in 2009, under considerably different circumstances: It was to be a portrait of his comeback, an attempt to prove that he wasn't a doper and could still, even at nearly 40, be a commanding racer who deserved his seven Tour de France wins. That proved hubristic, as it wound up only unleashing more allegations, these much more difficult to deny.
Gibney jumps back and forth between then and now, with an open yet still cagey Armstrong bitterly admitting the truth. The big draw of the film is that it includes Armstrong talking in a more frank (or at least more sweary) way than he did when he famously sat down with Oprah Winfrey — but so what? He's not particularly reflective. Neither is Gibney. Mostly the filmmaker summarizes what has already been heavily summarized, going through his career as a young star who turned an appreciated sport into a phenomenon (read: Americans suddenly cared too), becoming its own new, marketable star.
Gibney touches on how the rise of the sport demanded such superhuman strength that not only was Armstrong taking power boosting substances, but so was everyone else. This could be an interesting avenue: that we demand of our athletes that which they could never give us naturally, then castigate them when they seek alternative means. It's good that Gibney doesn't turn Armstrong into a martyr, but that's mostly because he doesn't have anything to say. He sticks to a mere narrative, and even includes himself (luckily only on the narration track) for no productive reason. Like its subject it doesn't appear to have the ability to dig deeper, and is as such fairly useless.


Na'Tee is an insanely promising rapper who has somehow been grossly overlooked despite her serious skills on the microphone. She has been rapping since she was 7 years-old and, according to an interview in XXL, she recorded her first song at 10. You can hear the experience in her song where she pairs wildly dissonant rhythms with a nimble lyrical flow, which has drawn comparisons to Nas. Her hotly anticipated collection of music, The Coronation, came out in July and did not disappoint fans looking for more of Na'Tee's torn-to-shreds beats.


text:
Франц Фі́шер — німецький хімік, розробник методу виробництва синтетичних вуглеводнів (процес Фішера — Тропша).

Франц Фішер народився 19 березня 1877 року в місті Фрайбург (земля Баден-Вюртемберг). Він вівчав хімію у закладах Фрайбурга та Мюнхена, а після того стажувався у Анрі Муассана (Париж), Вільгельма Оствальда (Лейпциг), Еміля Фішера (Берлін). По завершенню стажування Франц почав викладати у Фрайберзькій гірничій академії.

У 1911 році Фішер став завідувачем кафедри електрохімії у Вищій технічній школі міста Шарлоттенбург, передмістя Берліна (нині є одним з районів).

У 1913 році Товариством кайзера Вільгельма його було призначено першим директором Інституту дослідження вугілля імені Кайзера Вільгельма у Мюльгаймі-на-Рурі. В цьому інституті Франц познайомився з Гансом Тропшем. Вони проводили спільні дослідження з синтезу вуглеводнів. На базі лабораторій компанії BASF їм вдалося отримати суміш вуглеводнів при реакції карбон монооксиду та водню, але вміст шуканих речовин був украй низьким. Пізніше вчені підібрали необхідні каталізатори та параметри перебігу реакції — і серед продуктів взаємодії залишилися тільки вуглеводні та вода. Цю реакцію було названо на честь її творців — процес Фішера — Тропша.

Джерела
 Биографии великих химиков. Перевод с нем. под ред. Быкова Г. В. — М.: Мир, 1981. — 320 с.

Німецькі хіміки
Німецькі винахідники
Нагороджені медаллю Вільгельма Екснера
Уродженці Фрайбурга
Померли в Баварії


Baby Butterball was made by Effanbee. Her neck is marked Effanbee 1969, as well her her back. She is about 12 inches tall and all vinyl with joints at the neck, arms, and legs. She has blonde rooted hair and green open close eyes. This little girl is in very good played with condition and appears to be wearing her original red outfit and even still has her silver paper heart tag tucked neatly in her diaper for safe keeping.


The digital component for Interactive Whiteboards includes: animated stories, action song videos, interactive flashcards and games. These activities can be used as an extension of the activities in the Teacher's Book or as a format to alternate between the physical resources and technological ones for variety. Contact your local representative for more information.


The advantages of electropolished surfaces compared to mechanical treatment are numerous.
The process represents a reversed galvanic operation. Exposed to direct current (rectifier) and suspended into specific electrolyte solution metal material is removed from the surface of the component which is connected anodically.
Tubes, fittings, special components, heat exchanger tubes and plates, valves, pumps, stencils, storage tanks, cryostats, fermenters, mixing vessels and batching tanks, stirring devices and built-in components, reactors, installations and systems.
Pharmaceutical, biotechnical, chemical, cosmetics, semiconductor, aerospace, food and beverage industries as well as medical, heat and refrigeration engineering, power plants, architecture.