text:
ErinOakKids Celebrates the Official Opening of its New Mississauga Location
April 27, 2018 By Clive Tonge
ErinOakKids
New Treatment Centre for Kids with Disabilities to Help Meet Growing Demand in Ontario
Mississauga, ON – April 27, 2018
ErinoakKids Centre for Treatment and Development officially opened its new Mississauga facility today to help meet the growing demand for therapy, medical and support services for kids with disabilities and special needs. The location is one of three new purpose-built, state-of-the-art children's treatment centres designed to provide a single point of care for families in need of ErinoakKids' services.
"Opening this new Mississauga location is the most significant milestone in ErinoakKids history since opening our very first facility in Mississauga 40 years ago," says ErinoakKids President and CEO Bridget Fewtrell. "As we have grown, so too has demand for our services and the need for appropriate spaces. Today, the design of our new Mississauga site and the opportunities it affords provides a place where children and youth can, for the first time, maximize their abilities in a space tailored to meet their needs."
Located at 1230 Central Parkway W., the new 103,000 square foot facility is part of a multi-site project supported by the Ministry of Children and Youth Services that replaced 10 outgrown and rented facilities with three new buildings – one in Mississauga, another in Halton and a third in Brampton. The ErinoakKids project is the largest in the history of the Ministry of Children and Youth Services and the first multi-site build of a children's treatment centre in the province.
The new Mississauga facility will bring medical, therapy and support services under one roof to meet demand for services, which increase by 10 percent each year. The site boasts a gym, accessible playgrounds, an adapted fitness facility, two therapeutic playrooms, serenity gardens and a Longo's Family resource centre. The site also houses unique features, including a controlled multisensory Snoezelen room to help reduce aggression and anxiety in children with autism and developmental disabilities.
"This new facility and all that it offers for clients and families will set a new standard of excellence in the delivery of services for kids with disabilities," says ErinoakKids Board Chair James Sutherland. "Whether its physiotherapy, occupational therapy, autism services or speech and language services, the new facility will provide children and youth with the resources they need to achieve lifelong success."
ErinoakKids Centre for Treatment and Development is Ontario's largest children's treatment centre, serving more than 16,000 children and youth annually who have physical and developmental disabilities, autism, communication disorders, blindness/low vision and hearing loss. Serving Halton, Peel and Dufferin County, our mission is to help our clients achieve optimal levels of independence, learning, health and well-being.
Listen to the audio below:
ErinOakKids Celebrates the Official Opening of its New Brampton Location
ErinOakKids Celebrates the Official Opening of its New Halton Location
Canada and Ontario to Make Significant Infrastructure Investments
Ontario Promoting Aerospace Innovation in Mississauga
Ontario Boosting Opportunities for Students' Long Term Success
Filed Under: Events, MP3 Audio Files, Ontario, Webcasts Tagged With: ErinOak Kids, Mississauga


text:
package org.kairosdb.plugin.rabbitmq.parsers;

import com.google.common.base.Charsets;
import com.google.common.io.Resources;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.rules.ExpectedException;
import org.kairosdb.plugin.rabbitmq.Message;

import java.io.IOException;

import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;

public class JsonParserTest
{
    @Rule
    public ExpectedException expectedEx = ExpectedException.none();

    private final Parser parser = new JsonParser();

    @Test
    public void shouldParseMessage() throws Parser.ParserException, IOException
    {
        String json = Resources.toString(Resources.getResource("message.json"), Charsets.UTF_8);
        Message message = parser.parse(json.getBytes());

        assertThat(message.metric).isEqualTo("test");
        assertThat(message.dataPoints).hasSize(2);

        assertThat(message.dataPoints.get(0).tags).hasSize(2);
        assertThat(message.dataPoints.get(0).tags.get("name")).isEqualTo("flow");
        assertThat(message.dataPoints.get(0).tags.get("unit")).isEqualTo("m3/min");
        assertThat(message.dataPoints.get(0).values).hasSize(2);
        assertThat(message.dataPoints.get(0).values.get(1388530800000L)).isEqualTo("1.16");
        assertThat(message.dataPoints.get(0).values.get(1388530805000L)).isEqualTo("2.98");

        assertThat(message.dataPoints.get(1).tags).hasSize(2);
        assertThat(message.dataPoints.get(1).tags.get("name")).isEqualTo("pressure");
        assertThat(message.dataPoints.get(1).tags.get("unit")).isEqualTo("barg");
        assertThat(message.dataPoints.get(1).values).hasSize(2);
        assertThat(message.dataPoints.get(1).values.get(1388530800000L)).isEqualTo("7.10");
        assertThat(message.dataPoints.get(1).values.get(1388530805000L)).isEqualTo("7.05");
    }

    @Test(expected = Parser.ParserException.class)
    public void shouldFailToParseNonJsonMessage() throws Parser.ParserException
    {
        String json = "invalid json";
        parser.parse(json.getBytes());
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldFailToParseMissingMetricMessage() throws Parser.ParserException, IOException
    {
        expectedEx.expect(Parser.ParserException.class);
        expectedEx.expectMessage("Metric is missing or empty.");

        String json = Resources.toString(Resources.getResource("message_without_metric.json"), Charsets.UTF_8);
        parser.parse(json.getBytes());
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldFailToParseEmptyMetricMessage() throws Parser.ParserException, IOException
    {
        expectedEx.expect(Parser.ParserException.class);
        expectedEx.expectMessage("Metric is missing or empty.");

        String json = Resources.toString(Resources.getResource("message_empty_metric.json"), Charsets.UTF_8);
        parser.parse(json.getBytes());
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldFailToParseMissingDataPointsMessage() throws Parser.ParserException, IOException
    {
        expectedEx.expect(Parser.ParserException.class);
        expectedEx.expectMessage("Datapoints are missing or empty.");

        String json = Resources.toString(Resources.getResource("message_without_datapoints.json"), Charsets.UTF_8);
        parser.parse(json.getBytes());
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldFailToParseEmptyDataPointsMessage() throws Parser.ParserException, IOException
    {
        expectedEx.expect(Parser.ParserException.class);
        expectedEx.expectMessage("Datapoints are missing or empty.");

        String json = Resources.toString(Resources.getResource("message_empty_datapoints.json"), Charsets.UTF_8);
        parser.parse(json.getBytes());
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldFailToParseMissingTagsMessage() throws Parser.ParserException, IOException
    {
        expectedEx.expect(Parser.ParserException.class);
        expectedEx.expectMessage("Tags are missing or empty.");

        String json = Resources.toString(Resources.getResource("message_without_tags.json"), Charsets.UTF_8);
        parser.parse(json.getBytes());
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldFailToParseEmptyTagsMessage() throws Parser.ParserException, IOException
    {
        expectedEx.expect(Parser.ParserException.class);
        expectedEx.expectMessage("Tags are missing or empty.");

        String json = Resources.toString(Resources.getResource("message_empty_tags.json"), Charsets.UTF_8);
        parser.parse(json.getBytes());
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldFailToParseMissingValuesMessage() throws Parser.ParserException, IOException
    {
        expectedEx.expect(Parser.ParserException.class);
        expectedEx.expectMessage("Values are missing or empty.");

        String json = Resources.toString(Resources.getResource("message_without_values.json"), Charsets.UTF_8);
        parser.parse(json.getBytes());
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldFailToParseEmptyValuesMessage() throws Parser.ParserException, IOException
    {
        expectedEx.expect(Parser.ParserException.class);
        expectedEx.expectMessage("Values are missing or empty.");

        String json = Resources.toString(Resources.getResource("message_empty_values.json"), Charsets.UTF_8);
        parser.parse(json.getBytes());
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


As arbitrary as the choice of word is I've always liked the word "novel" for a bookful of prose. Something new. Who wants to read (or listen to) stuff we're already familiar or too familiar with? I've experienced loss—parents, siblings, friends, colleagues, a daughter for a while—but I continue to struggle with grief. I know people say we all grieve in our own ways and I've no doubt there's some truth in the expression but I'm also the kind of person who likes to do things right. The image of Jen walking down the street feeling judged by others—the woman who didn't know how to grieve properly—is fiction, yes, but it comes from a truthful place. I find songs like this (and the poem too) interesting because they present grief as something novel, something unfamiliar. I have the same issues with love songs and poems too. I wonder if I've ever truly been in love because I find it hard to relate to the words. Or am I simply doing my best, loving the best I can, grieving the best I can?
Not much to this song in terms of words, Jim, but the music, the performance, the resonance to me is gutting. I agree we all grieve in our own ways. It's all vwry subjective. Thanks, Jim.


text:
American International Schools
When Your Child Isn't Making Friends
When Your Child Isn't Making Friends in Boarding School There is a special heartache for the parent of the lonely child. More than academic, athletic, artistic or any other success,…
Tips for Third Culture Kids
Top 3 Tips for Third Culture Kids…who have just moved This post is for teens. First off, you should know I tried my best to make a YouTube video —…
10 Reasons for International Students to Attend an American Boarding School
10 Reasons for International Students to Attend an American Boarding School American boarding schools offer unique opportunities that you'd be hard-pressed to find in classrooms elsewhere, including both public and…
Roommate Tips
5 Tips to Survive the Worst Roommate Ever
Be Prepared for COVID While Away at School
Be Prepared for COVID While Away at School The author of this post is unknown, but it was written with the instructions that the reader was free to copy and…
Is that Boarding School Right for Your Child?
Is That Boarding School Right for Your Child? Important questions to ask before deciding on a school for your child When considering boarding school for your child, many parents are…
Choosing the Right Boarding School
Six Questions to Ask When Choosing the Right Boarding School How do you choose a boarding school with so many good schools throughout the United States, how do you distinguish…
The 10 Most Important Things to Look for in a Campus Visit (especially international students) by Rebecca Grappo, M.Ed, Certified Educational Planner For most families, especially those that live abroad,…
Western Canadian Boarding Schools Rock!
Cobalt blue skies, soaring evergreen trees, lush ferns, glacial lakes, hidden coves, and ocean views – few places in the world are as lovely as the islands of Victoria and…
What Do International School Counselors Talk About?
Cheryl Brown of The International School of Muscat in Oman and Brooke Fezler of the International School of Barcelona, along with the support of their dedicated and hardworking taskforce, once…
Rebecca Grappo Featured in the Wall Street Journal
Rebecca Grappo – The Importance of Resiliency Not long ago I had the pleasure of being interviewed by Anne O'Connell, a colleague of mine who writes for the Wall Street Journal, Expat, on the topic…
Third Culture Kids – From Overseas to Undergrad
Working with Third Culture Kids (TCKs) returning home for university (or "college" as it is referred to in the United States) is a special passion of mine. These young adults have grown…
American International Schools (18)
Boarding Schools (28)
Career Planning (7)
Client Success Story (2)
College Admissions (19)
College Applications (18)
College Readiness (17)
College Visits (19)
Cross Cultural Kids (17)
Education for Expat Kids (23)
Educational Consultants (20)
Expat Life (18)
Families in Global Transition (28)
Homesickness (6)
International Schools (31)
Internationally Mobile Families (25)
Learning Differences (28)
Learning Disabilities (26)
Learning Support (15)
Roommates (4)
SATs and ACTs (3)
Struggling Teens (27)
Summer programs (2)
Therapeutic Programs (7)
Third Culture Kids (33)
Transition to College/University (28)
Transitions and Resiliency (17)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Whenever a remake as unnecessary as The Karate Kid pops up, I find myself scrambling to buy DVDs of the original for all the kids I know in the hopes they will be brought up on the correct versions of these movies. But that can be exhausting and expensive work. So instead, I propose a definitive "No Remake" list of the '80s films I grew up with and do not want to see tarnished. Here are the films I feel are most in need of protection.
These teen comedies are all now well on their way to turning 30, but not a single one of them is showing any signs of their age. Today's kids don't need updated versions of these films, because they are still not only finding and enjoying the originals, but continuing to quote them and put the posters on their walls. Besides, considering how much these films have influenced every teen movie that came after them, from 10 Things I Hate About You to Twilight, remakes would just feel redundant.
Universal Studios may have deemed this film no longer relevant when they closed down its ride at their theme parks, but that doesn't mean it's time for a remake. Back to the Future was an action/adventure comedy from a simpler era of moviemaking, before special effects began to rule over character development. A movie about a mad scientist and a teenaged boy travelling through time in a Delorean wouldn't be half as charming with an overblown director like Michael Bay behind the wheel. Let's just accept that this Future is now in our past and cherish the memories rather than try to re-create the magic.
Like Back to the Future, Ghostbusters is a movie where I feel a remake would most likely replace charm with technology. But more importantly, it would be a fool's errand to try to replace the chemistry of this legendary cast. Also, hope is not completely dead for the idea of reuniting the team for a third film. Although making a much delayed sequel poses its own risks (see: Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull), I'd much rather see the old gang back together than young imposters attempt to take their place.
Some trends just belong to a certain era, and the amnesia/mistaken identity plot device clearly belongs to the '80s. Desperately Seeking Susan is still a fun movie to watch, if only to see Madonna at the height of her lace gloves/floppy-bow fashion glory, but a remake of a movie with a plot as silly as this one (bored housewife buys a leather jacket, gets amnesia, gets mistaken by the mob for Madonna) would be relegated to the Lifetime/ABC Family TV movie ghetto.
Between video games and the Internet, today's kids just don't seem to have time for things like searching for pirate treasure anymore. The Goonies was a gem of a movie that perfectly blended its foul teen humor with a genuine sense of adventure and wonder. The teen stars that would be available to star in a current remake, whether it be Miley Cyrus with her desperation to be edgy or cast members from CW's cynical roster of teen soaps, all seem like they'd only bring one half of that equation. This proves the point that although I might not want to see my beloved '80s movies remade, I wouldn't mind it if some of today's movies were able to capture their fun, silly spirit.


Perhaps the biggest revelation in the world of exoplanets in 2012 has been Kepler's stunning data sets, which show that small, rocky, Earthlike planets may be some of the most common in the galaxy – perhaps one for every star.
But what about larger planets, like Jupiter in our own solar system, or the many so-called "Hot Jupiters," gas giants that orbit punishingly close to their stars? Worlds like these were among the first ever discovered by planet-hunters, and, until the Kepler mission, were the most common type of exoplanet detected.
A group of astronomers including John Johnson of Caltech has found that data from Kepler may show that Jupiter-size planets might not be as easy to come by as smaller, rocky worlds like Earth.


Located in the hamlet of Lower Vobster in Somerset, Glamping on the Hill is ideally placed for those looking to explore Bath, Longleat, Wells, Glastonbury and a host of small villages all under 30 minutes drive. The area has miles of walks, lots to get out and discover as well as enjoying the peace and quiet of our special hidden area of Somerset. You will be surrounded by nature. Imagine waking up to birdsong and hot Croissants off the wood burning stove! Kingfishers, ducks, moorhens, dragonflys, herons, roe deer, peregrines and otters are all frequent visitors.
Our two Authentic Mongolian Yurts Daisy and Buttercup are a short walk up our hill that overlooks the beautiful Mells Valley. Cars are left in the Inn's large car park. Both yurts can sleep up to 6 with a double size bed, pillows, duvets, fresh linen and towels all provided. Also featuring a wood burning stove, fire-pit, BBQ and induction hob make catering fun and easy. Each tent has a picnic hamper of crockery and utensils to swap on a dirty for clean basis so there is no washing up! However, situated at the bottom of the hill is also our award winning Inn.
Prices also include tea and coffee, sugar, hot chocolate and a basket of logs.
Each yurt has its own private hot shower and flushing loo situated directly behind the Yurt.
Pippin and Shawn are two superb, individually decorated en-suite Huts. Shawn is situated at the top of the Hill with stunning views over the Mells Valley. Pippin is at the bottom of the Hill and set in its own Cottage Garden. Each have Double Beds, Kitchenette, Shower and Toilet, BBQ, Decking.
Glamping on the Hill awaits you, your hens or your getaway girlfriends for a stay filled with activities to suit everyone's taste and budget. Fill your stay with as much or as little as you want.
Two night's accomodation, continental breakfast served in the Inn on both days, all bedding. £45.00 per person per night. Extras Poppy the Chill Tent Five meter bell tent with loads of cushions, bean bags, knicker bunting, coir matting, fairy lights, a great way to get together without having to use one of the Yurts. Can also be used as supplementary sleeping for 5 people if you are more than 16 who can use the nearby Showers/Toilets of the Yurts/Hut.
Available April-September. £12.00 per person for the weekend.
A great way for you all to meet up without having to worry about cooking, especially on your first night. An informal family style supper, served in the Inn.
£2.50 per person per session.
Put on your raincoat and take a Wellie Walk!
There may be a minimum 2 night stay at certain times of the year and some dates may have a minimum guest number requirement.


text:
Review: Slechtvalk – Where Wandering Shadows And Mists Collide
February 3, 2017 July 6, 2018 Joost van der Leijalbum reviews
With a huge upmarch for "low-lands black metal" from Belgium and The Netherlands with bands like Wiegedood, Dodenkrocht and Oathbreaker it's really hard to stand out.
Slechtvalk returns to the scene with a new album called Where Wandering Shadows And Mists Collide. This band is a slow burner, they have been around for 20 years this year and they have only produced full length albums. They sure do take their time. Which is good because they only deliver quality, well thought out metal.
First things that were really obvious for me were the influences for Slechtvalk. They obviously take metal approaches from the likes of Dimmu Borgir, Stormlord and maybe even fellow countrymen Carach Angren. Fast and mid paced black metal with a keyboard. Kudos to Slechtvalk for not overusing the keyboard in the mix. The album is well produced and seems to stand up to the quality anno 2017 Ad.
The first song I really enjoyed was Asternas which is the second song on the album. With a very good marching sound on the drums it seems to reach its goal of making people like it's a battle song.
The pro's and con's on this album are easy to name for me. First of all it is an enjoyable listen for almost any kind of metalhead. Personally I would have loved to hear more distinctive vocals and different approaches to them. The vocals all sound the same and that is a shame. If you already use Dimmu Borgir in your songwriting why not imitate Shagrath a bit more and change up the vocal style once in a while. A big pro for me was the production value of the album. Sound-wise it sounds very 2017 and does not get left behind.
Overall the album is a great listen for fans of folk metal, black metal and viking metal and for almost every other metalhead there are some elements you can thoroughly enjoy.
My only worry is that the "low-lands black metal" scene is a little overflown and this album will not stand the test of time amongst the likes of Carach Angren, Wiegedood and Oathbreaker.
We will see the outcome of that.
Slechtvalk Facebook
Joost van der Leij
Tagged review, Slechtvalk, Where Wandering Shadows And Mists Collide
Review: The Prisoner – Life Of The Mind
Review: Anticlockwise – Raise Your Head


text:
Q: What is "3D syntax"? In the context of writing Racket macros, what does "3D syntax" mean?
I've heard the phrase a few times. Including once in reference to a macro I was writing. But that was awhile ago; I fixed it, and now I can't remember exactly what I was doing wrong originally.
Also: Is 3D syntax always bad? Or is it like eval (where if you think you need to use it, you're probably wrong, but there are some valid uses in expert hands)?

A: Syntax objects are usually supposed to be just serializable data.  3D-syntax weakens this condition: it allows us to sneak in arbitrary values, and not just plain data.  That's what makes them "3d": they are values that rise above the regular flat things you'd expect out of syntax objects.
For example, we can sneak in lambda values!
#lang racket

(define ns (make-base-namespace))
(define (set-next! n)
  (parameterize ([current-namespace ns])
    (eval #`(define next #,n))))    ;; <--  3d-syntax here

(define (compute s)
  (parameterize ([current-namespace ns])
    (eval s)))

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(define counter 0)
(set-next! (lambda ()
             (set! counter (add1 counter))
             counter))

(compute '(+ (next)
             (next)
             (next)
             (next)))

Doing this is usually a bad thing, because the presence of such values probably means an ill-founded attempt to leak information across phases of compilation.  The result is something that's likely not separately-compilable.  If you see an error that sounds something like:
write: cannot marshal value that is embedded in compiled code value

then that is most likely due to a macro having produced a piece of 3d-syntax that can't be serialized to bytecode.
Sometimes, in rare situations, we really do want 3d-syntax, often in dynamic evaluation contexts.  As a concrete example, a debugger in DrRacket may want to annotate the syntax of a program so that function applications directly call back into functions of the debugger, so that we can do things like interactive code coverage coloring in the program editor.  In that sense, 3d-syntax can act as a communication channel between dynamically-evaluated code and its ambient environment.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Hard Rock & Heavy Metal
Indie Rock & Pop
Rap & Hip-Hop News
Music & Entertainment News for Print, Radio, TV, Web and Mobile - BETA
AAA / Alternative Rock / General / Rock
ALABAMA SHAKES TALKS ALBUM OF THE YEAR AND GRAMMY EXPERIENCE
Alabama Shakes album Sound & Color has been nominated for Album Of The Year at the 58th Annual Grammy Awards in Los Angeles held tomorrow, February 15, at the Staples Center. The collection is...
Classic Rock / General / Rock
TED NUGENT ASSAILED FOR ANTI-SEMITIC POSTS
Ted Nugent has been assailed by Jewish groups for a post he made to his Facebook page stating that Jews in political office are responsible for spearheading gun control laws that are aiming to...
AC / Classic Rock / General
THE EAGLES GET GRAMMY MOMENT FOR GLENN FREY FEATURING REMAINING MEMBERS
This Monday night's Grammy Awards, February 15, has added a very special performance by the remaining members of The Eagles after the death earlier this year of co-founding member Glenn Frey. Don Henley, Bernie...
AC / Classic Rock / General / Rock
HALL AND OATES SET FOR SUMMER AMPHITHEATER TOUR
Hall and Oates, who brought you the hits "Private Eyes," "Rich Girl," "Man Eater," "Private Eyes," and others, has set dates for a summer tour starting May 13 in Dallas, Texas. Opening for them...
AC / Alternative Rock / General / Hard Rock & Heavy Metal / Rock
FIVE FINGER DEATH PUNCH TO HIT THE ROAD WITH SHINEDOWN
Even though they have distinctively different sounds, Five Finger Death Punch and Shinedown are set to hit the road this spring. Both bands will end up on several festivals including Rock On The Range, Rocklahoma,...
General / Hard Rock & Heavy Metal / Rock
PHIL ANSELMO APOLOGY FOR RACIST ACTIONS, ANTHRAX SCOTT IAN SAYS BEHAVIOR "VILE"
That was Phil Anselmo issuing an apology for racist remarks and actions he made after a performance at Dimebash, a metal star studded concert honoring the memory of his bandmate in Pantera, Dimebag Darrell,...
AAA / AC / Alternative Rock / Alternative Rock Tour dates / General / Pop Music / Rock
COLDPLAY ANNOUNCES U.S. STADIUM DATES 2016
Coldplay has announced that they will be performing a series of stadiums around the United States this summer starting with MetLife Stadium in New York City on July 16. The dates are part of...
AAA / Alternative Rock / Classic Rock / General / Hard Rock & Heavy Metal / Hot AC / Indie Rock & Pop / Pop Music / Rap & Hip-Hop News / Rock / Urban
METALLICA LARS ULRICH, ROB THOMAS AMONG ROCK AND ROLL HALL OF FAME SPECIAL GUESTS FOR 2016
The Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame has announced special guests for this year's induction ceremony at the Barclays Arena in Brooklyn, New York on April 8. Metallica drummer Lars Ulrich, Matchbox Twenty...
WELCOME TO THE REVAMPED ARTISAN NEWS SERVICE/ANS WEBSITE
We at Artisan News Service have almost completed a re-vamp of our website. During the time that we have been away from the public we have still been producing media-side product and have operated...
Alternative Rock / Entertainment / General / Indie Rock & Pop / Movie News / Pop Music / Rock / Television News / Urban
2015 MTV MOVIE AWARDS WRAP – SHAILENE WOODLEY, AVENGERS, KISS CROTCH GRAB CONTROVERSY
The MTV Movie Awards took place last night, April 12, live from Los Angeles, and the show had controversial moments as well as big winners. The big champ of the night was Shailene Woodley,...
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ARTISAN NEWS, ANS ENTERTAINMENT, AND ARTISAN NEWS SERVICE?
ARTISAN NEWS SERVICE FOR MEDIA & ONLINE MUSIC SERVICES, RECORD LABEL, STUDIO/PUBLICISTS
Why Media Outlets Want Artisan News Service Content
Why Publicists Book Their Artists With Us
Why You Should Employ Artisan News In House For Record Company, Movie Studio, or Publicity Events, Marketing, Digital Consulting, Video
ABOUT US: HISTORY
ADVERTISE & MARKET WITH US
AAA Tour Dates
AC Feature
Alternative Rock Features
Alternative Rock Tour dates
Classic RNB Classic Hip Hop
Classic RNB Classic Hip Hop Tour Dates
Classic Rock Features
Classic Rock Music Reviews
Classic Rock Tour Dates
Country Feature
EDM Feature
Hard Rock And Heavy Metal Features
Hard Rock And Heavy Metal Reviews
Hard Rock and Heavy Metal Tour Dates
Indie Rock and Pop Features
Pop Datebook
Pop Music Features
Pop Music Tour Dates
Rap & Hip-Hop Features
Reggae News
Rhythmic Pop
Rhythmic Pop Tour Dates
Rock Features
Rock Tour Dates
Urban AC Feature
Urban AC News
Urban Features
Urban Tour Dates


tom hughes kent - actors tom welling dc database fandom powered by wikia .
tom hughes kent - best 25 tom hughes actor ideas on pinterest victoria .
tom hughes kent - tom hughes ee british academy film awards 2016 baftas .
tom hughes kent - victoria brazil fans tom hughes no jantar da marca de .
tom hughes kent - could tom hughes be britain s biggest export since .
tom hughes kent - victoria itv tom hughes prince albert series and film .
tom hughes kent - tom hughes .
tom hughes kent - category heroes evolutions crew heroes wiki .
tom hughes kent - alexa kent ultimate tom welling gif hunt part 3 of 3 .
tom hughes kent - kent austin wikipedia .
tom hughes kent - female first .
tom hughes kent - kent curwen dinner with mr porter stockfoto s en beelden .
tom hughes kent - tom hughes portraits .
tom hughes kent - 1962 yearbook .
tom hughes kent - the blitz brothers hubcitymusic .
tom hughes kent - tv review victoria itv part 2 enter prince albert .
tom hughes kent - jenna coleman mingles with david beckham at his fashion .
tom hughes kent - prince george duke of kent was born george edward .
tom hughes kent - warren spahn baseball no hitters at nonohitters .
tom hughes kent - donmar s versailles mixes public and private lives bbc news .
tom hughes kent - hero army captain tom hughes paralysed in rugby match .
tom hughes kent - 9 new pics from jenna coleman s epic queen victoria drama .


text:
Entraigues-sur-la-Sorgue è un comune francese di 7.812 abitanti situato nel dipartimento della Vaucluse della regione della Provenza-Alpi-Costa Azzurra.

Società
Il comune di Entraigues-sur-la-Sorgue è gemellato con il comune di Fossombrone (Italia)

Evoluzione demografica

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Comuni della Vaucluse

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


We present here a completion-like procedure for program synthesis from specifications. A specification is expressed as a set of equations and the program is a Noetherian set of rewrite rules that is efficient for computation. We show that the optimizations applicable for proving inductive theorems are useful for program synthesis. This improves on the use of general completion procedure for program synthesis, reported by Dershowitz, in that it generates fewer rules and terminates more often. However, there is a qualitative difference between this procedure and completion, as superposition is used not for eliminating critical overlaps but to find a complete set of cases for an inductive theorem.
This research was supported in part by NASA grant NAG-1-613 and NSF grant CCR-87-00988..


Official Clive Barker's Nightbreed Dr. Decker Halloween Mask!
Sculpted by Russ Lukich and using countless screen shots, every detail of Dr. Decker from Clive Barker's Nightbreed is represented in this amazing Halloween Mask. The mask laces up the back, making it uniquely adjustable and totally screen accurate, and features a real working zipper.
So get yourself a business suit, a trench coat, and our officially licensed Dr. Decker Mask and become the enemy of Midian this Halloween Night!


text:
You are here: Home / Business / George R.R. Martin talks about 'The Winds of Winter' and about 'Game of Thrones'
George R.R. Martin talks about 'The Winds of Winter' and about 'Game of Thrones'
The writer George R. R. Martin, the author of the famous literary series 'A Song of Ice and Fire' which represents the basis of the TV series 'Game of Thrones', was welcomed like a star at the International Book Trade from the Guadalajara Convention, Mexico. He answered to some of the fans' questions regarding the end of the series of which he revealed that will be 'bitter-sweet', informs the EFE. The 68 years old writer answered to the questions received from the fans. One of these was if the author believes in the happy endings. He replied that such conventional endings, like the one developed by J.R.R. Tolkien in 'Lord of the Rings', do not take place in history and don't happen in the real life. Also asked whether he would kill again any of the fans' favorite characters, Martin joked saying that this has a limit: 'My wife has a favorite character and she threatened to leave me if I will kill him'.
Regarding the important question, related to the launch of the sixth book of the series, the long-awaited 'The Winds of Winter', Martin declared that he is a 'slow writer'. In 1996, the writer declared that his rhythm was a novel per year. 'A Song of Ice and Fire' is an opera in several volumes, whose subject is placed in the medieval context and which shows the fight for power, the characters' revenge desire and the adventures of the seven kingdoms. The publication date of the 'The Winds of Winter' is not known yet. In August last year, Martin recognized that the TV series moves faster than his ability to write the volumes, but he claimed that there will be certain differences between the novel 'The Winds of Winter' and the sixth season of 'Game of Thrones'.
Filed Under: Business, Entertainment, Featured, Technology, Uncategorized, World Tagged With: game of thrones, George R.R. Martin, happy endings, novel, series, sixth book, The Winds of Winter, TV, writer


text:
"Kazakh Invest" National Company JSC
About Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan in brief Visiting Kazakhstan COVID-19 update
Why Kazakhstan
#4 for enforcing contracts
#7 for protecting minority investors
#22 for starting a business
#24 for registering property
#37 for dealing with construction permits
Arriving in Kazakhstan Starting a business Doing a Business Closing a Business Interaction with investors Life in Kazakhstan
Choosing a Region Investment Sites Governmental support Funding Opportunities Public-Private Partnership List of Potential Local Partners for Investors Normative legal acts
Mining and metallurgy
About KAZAKH INVEST
About KAZAKH INVEST Board of Directors Management Board Our Team How We Help Corporate Governance Procurements Careers in KAZAKH INVEST Contact Us FAQ
The Mission Of The Company
Promoting sustainable socio-economic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan by attracting foreign investment in priority sectors of the economy and comprehensive support of investment projects
News Publicatons and Presentations Webinars Media about Us Infographics
Invest in Shymkent city
Invest in Karaganda region
Invest in West Kazakhstan region
Invest in Zhambyl region
Invest in East Kazakhstan region
Invest in Akmola region
Invest in Turkestan region
Invest in North Kazakhstan region
Invest in Pavlodar region
Invest in Mangistau region
Market access in Kazakhstan in the sustainable energy sector
Road show for international investors on the concession project for the construction of a multidisciplinary university hospital
The first Kazakhstan-Northern Europe Business Meeting
Kazakhstan in brief
Choosing a Region
Governmental support
List of Potential Local Partners for Investors
Normative legal acts
Careers in KAZAKH INVEST
Head of Government holds Fourth Meeting of Dialogue on Investment Cooperation between Kazakhstan and European Union
Prime Minister Askar Mamin held a regular meeting with the heads of diplomatic missions of the Member States of the European Union as part of the Dialogue platform on the further development of investment cooperation.
Prime Minister Askar Mamin noted that the First President – Elbasy Nursultan Nazarbayev and Head of State Kassym-Jomart Tokayev pay great attention to cooperation with the countries of the European Union.
"The EU is one of the key investors and the largest trading partner of Kazakhstan. For 9 months of 2019, the inflow of foreign direct investment in the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan increased by 15.8% to $8.7 billion," Mamin said.
The head of Kazakh government emphasized that the enforcement from March 1, 2020, of the Agreement on Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation between Kazakhstan and the EU will mark the beginning of a qualitatively new stage in Kazakh-European relations. The document covers 29 areas of activity, including trade, investment, innovation and infrastructure development.
Mamin called on the ambassadors of the European Union to continue an open and active dialogue to promote trade, economic and investment cooperation between Kazakhstan and the EU.
In turn, the heads of diplomatic missions noted the positive dynamics of work to create comfortable conditions for doing business in Kazakhstan.
"Kazakhstan is making steady progress in the Doing Business rating and has enormous potential for further improving the investment climate and business environment. The Dialogue on Investment Cooperation between Kazakhstan and the EU plays a major role in this," said Sven-Olov Carlsson, head of the EU Delegation to Kazakhstan.
The parties discussed preparations for the upcoming visit of the President of Kazakhstan Kassym-Jomart Tokayev to Brussels, a roadmap developed by the Kazakh side for the implementation of the Agreement on Enhanced Partnership, as well as issues of tax policy and anti-corruption support of investors in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The meeting was attended by the ambassadors of Austria, Belgium, Germany, France, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Estonia, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Greece, Spain, Croatia, Romania, Slovakia, Hungary, Finland, Sweden, representatives of Portugal, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, as well as large European companies.
At the next meeting of the Dialogue on Investment Cooperation between Kazakhstan and the EU in April 2020, it is planned to discuss specific steps to implement the agreement, the transition of Kazakhstan to a green economy and preparations for the upcoming XII WTO Ministerial Conference in Nur Sultan in June 2020.
Source: primeminister.kz


Katey Howes, author of Grandmother Thorn, stops by the podcast to talk about letting go of things you fear, feeling lucky as a picture book author, and the balance between order and chaos.
We continue our Big Book Block Party with Katey Howes, who shares some of her family's favorite books about their favorite summer things: fireflies, starlight, and magic.
Author Katey Howes joins us to reveal the cover of her new picture book, MAGNOLIA MUDD AND THE SUPER JUMPTASTIC LAUNCHER DELUXE!
Katey Howes explains why Abby Hanlon's Dory Fantasmagory has earned a place among memorable children's book characters who unlock their readers' wildest imaginations.
Katey Howes explores the many virtues and unique gifts that wordless picture books have to offer young readers.


Embrace the minimal style of the Hamilton TV Cabinet from the Daytona range by Signorini & Coco. Clean lines and stylish detailing are signature details of the modern Hamilton design. The Hamilton TV Cabinet is crafted from a deep walnut veneer, offset by pure burnished brass handles for a dramatic effect. Select from a range of finishes to suit your interior scheme. Style with other pieces from the Hamilton collection from the Daytona range by Signorini & Coco, available from UBER Interiors.


text:
HomeAboutResourcesBlogContactSubscribe
Winstead Business Divorce
Business Trends and Legal Insights for Majority Owners and Minority Investors in Private Texas Companies
Home » Blog » Partnership Agreement Was Invalid Where IT Was Entered Into Between A Fiduciary And Principal And Was Otherwise Unfair And The Principal Did Not Owe Fiduciary Duties As A Partner Where There Was No Enforceable Partnership
Partnership Agreement Was Invalid Where IT Was Entered Into Between A Fiduciary And Principal And Was Otherwise Unfair And The Principal Did Not Owe Fiduciary Duties As A Partner Where There Was No Enforceable Partnership
Hands holding Fiduciary duty in an court.
By Winstead on April 30, 2021
Posted in General, Majority Owners, Minority Investors
In Adam v. Marcos, an attorney and his client agreed to a joint venture/partnership. No. 14-18-00450-CV, 2021 Tex. App. LEXIS 2060 (Tex. App.—Houston March 18, 2021, no pet. history). The attorney sued the client for breaching the agreement. The trial court ruled for the client on the attorney's breach of the partnership agreement claim and a breach of fiduciary duty claim. The court of appeals affirmed. The court of appeals first held that the partnership agreement was presumptively invalid because the attorney owed fiduciary duties to the client when it was entered into:
Contracts between attorneys and their clients negotiated during the existence of the attorney-client relationship are closely scrutinized. Because the relationship is fiduciary in nature, there is a presumption of unfairness or invalidity attaching to such contracts. The burden is on the attorney to prove the fairness and reasonableness of the agreement. Moreover, as a fiduciary, Marcos had the burden to establish that Adam was informed of all material facts relating to the agreement. Additional important factors in determining the fairness of a transaction involving a fiduciary include whether the consideration was adequate and whether the beneficiary obtained independent advice.
Id. The court of appeals held that the jury's finding of breach of duty by the attorney supported invalidating the partnership agreement: "Because the jury found that Marcos failed to fulfill his fiduciary duties to Adam in regard to the alleged partnership agreement, and the evidence supports that finding, the presumption that the contract was invalid applies. Thus, the trial court did not err in holding the agreement was invalid and unenforceable." Id.
The court of appeals then held that the client did not owe any fiduciary duties to the attorney and affirmed the trial court's judgment for the client on that claim:
To recover on a breach of fiduciary duty claim, a plaintiff must prove that (1) a fiduciary relationship existed between the plaintiff and the defendant, (2) the defendant breached his or her fiduciary duty to the plaintiff, and (3) the defendant's breach resulted in an injury to the plaintiff or a benefit to the defendant. The only basis Marcos alleges for a fiduciary relationship in which Adam owes fiduciary duties to him is the partnership agreement. As discussed in the previous section, the alleged partnership agreement between Marcos and Adam was invalid and unenforceable. Fiduciary relationships do not arise from unenforceable contracts. Without a fiduciary relationship between Marcos and Adam, Adam could not be liable for breaching any fiduciary duties to Marcos; thus, the trial court did not err in granting a directed verdict on Marcos's breach of fiduciary duty claim.
Id. The court of appeals affirmed the judgment for the client.
Interesting Note: This case is an example of the risks involved with fiduciaries entering into business deals with their principals. Other examples of fiduciaries who may enter into transactions with principals are trustee/beneficiary, power of attorney agent/principal, and executor/beneficiary. Additionally, certain confidential relationships can lead to fiduciary duties.
A fiduciary owes a principal a duty of loyalty and should look out for the principal's interests above the fiduciary's interests. Due to this, transactions between a fiduciary and principal are closely monitored by the courts, and there is a presumption that they are invalid. The fiduciary has the burden to prove that the transaction is fair. Fitz-Gerald v. Hull, 150 Tex. 39, 49, 237 S.W.2d 256, 261 (1951). See also Keck, Mahin & Cate v. Nat'l Union Fire Ins. Co., 20 S.W.3d 692, 699 (Tex. 2000) (considering whether a release agreement could bar claims arising from a fiduciary relationship and holding that the presumption of unfairness or invalidity applied).
To establish the fairness of a transaction between a fiduciary and his principal, relevant factors include: (1) there was full disclosure regarding the transaction, (2) the consideration (if any) was adequate, (3) the beneficiary had the benefit of independent advice, (4) the party owing the fiduciary duty benefited at the expense of the beneficiary, and (5) the fiduciary significantly benefited from the transaction as viewed in light of the circumstances in existence at the time of the transaction. Jordan v. Lyles, 455 S.W.3d 785, 792 (Tex. App.—Tyler 2015, no pet.); Lee v. Hasson, 286 S.W.3d 1, 21 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2007, pet. denied). For example, in In re Estate of Miller, the court held that the fiduciary failed to prove the fairness of a loan transaction between the principal and agent and that transaction was, therefore, a breach of fiduciary duty. 446 S.W.3d 445, 450 (Tex. App.—Tyler 2014, no pet.).
So, before a fiduciary enters into a transaction with the principal, it should be very careful to: disclose all known facts about the transaction and the risks involved with same and the benefits that the fiduciary may gain from the transactions, ensure that the fiduciary pays fair consideration for the interest that it is obtaining, and make sure that the principal has independent counsel and advice. It is a good idea to enter into a written agreement between the fiduciary and principal that, in addition to other provisions, makes the required disclosures, provides that the consideration by the fiduciary is adequate and that the benefits are fair, provides that the principal has obtained independent counsel, and provides that the principal is not relying on the fiduciary's duties to him or her regarding the transaction.
Tags: Business Divorce, Business Partnership, Fiduciary Duty
Employee's Fiduciary Duty May Not Be Limited To His Or Her Employer
Court Held That Those In Control Of A Limited Liability Company May Owe Fiduciary Duties To The Company And Its Members
Interior of an empty courtroom with gavel and sounding block on the desk.
Partner Had Capacity To Sue Other Partner For Breach Of Fiduciary Duty
Winstead Business Divorce is a go-to resource for majority owners and investors in Texas private companies. The site features business news, legal trends, insights and blog posts that will be of interest to those holding an ownership stake in private companies, as well for those affiliated with or providing advice to private companies, which includes officers and directors, accountants, estate planners, wealth management advisors and business and family lawyers.
Topics Select Category Family Law Matters General Majority Owners Minority Investors Uncategorized
Archives Select Month January 2023 September 2022 August 2022 July 2022 June 2022 May 2022 March 2022 January 2022 December 2021 October 2021 September 2021 August 2021 July 2021 June 2021 April 2021 March 2021 December 2020 November 2020 October 2020 September 2020 August 2020 July 2020 June 2020 May 2020 April 2020 February 2020 January 2020 December 2019 November 2019 October 2019 August 2019 June 2019 May 2019 April 2019 March 2019 February 2019 January 2019 December 2018 November 2018 October 2018 September 2018 August 2018 July 2018 June 2018 May 2018 April 2018 October 2017 July 2017 May 2017 April 2017 March 2017 February 2017 December 2016 November 2016 October 2016 September 2016 August 2016 July 2016 June 2016 April 2016 March 2016 February 2016 January 2016


text:
Anti-ageism activists bristle at Julián Castro's question to Joe Biden: 'Are you forgetting what you said 2 minutes ago?'
By Robert Weisman Globe Staff,September 13, 2019, 4:13 p.m.
Julián Castro appeared to mock the age and memory of Joe Biden at Thursday night's Democratic presidential debate.David J. Phillip/Associated Press/Associated Press
Anti-ageism activists think the call for generational change is getting old.
A pointed exchange in Thursday night's Democratic presidential debate, when Julián Castro appeared to mock the age and memory of front-runner Joe Biden, has prompted howls of protest — and raised the issue of whether and how it's appropriate for political up-and-comers to suggest that it's time to pass the torch to a younger generation.
" 'Generational change' can be code words for 'you're too old,' " said Margaret Gullette, a resident scholar at Brandeis University's women's studies research center in Waltham and author of the book "Ending Ageism or How Not to Shoot Old People."
Castro, the 44-year-old candidate who was secretary of housing and urban development in the Obama administration, touched off the kerfuffle when he accused Biden of contradicting himself while discussing health care policy. "Are you forgetting already what you said just two minutes ago?" Castro demanded of the 76-year-old former vice president.
He contended that Biden first said people would have to buy into his proposed Medicare plan and later said they wouldn't have to. (In fact, Biden said laid-off workers could potentially buy in when they lost their jobs.) Advocates for older Americans, saying Castro's point was off base, bristled at what they saw as his attempt to call attention to Biden's age.
"This was clearly ageist," said Chicago marketing executive Patti Temple Rocks, author of the book "I'm Not Done: It's Time To Talk About Ageism in the Workplace." Temple Rocks said she found the reference to Biden's supposed forgetfulness similar to common workplace stereotypes about older workers lacking energy or failing to keep up with technology.
"It felt like he was waiting for an opportunity to pounce on Biden because of his age," she said.
"Enough already," said Jack Kupferman, president of Gray Panthers NYC. "This is 2019. We should not be looking at people by their chronological characteristics. Memory lapses happen to younger people as well as older people. Don't attribute it only to age. That's demeaning."
Kupferman said linking forgetfulness to age is "a common trope, and an easy one."
The "are you forgetting" mantra, which Castro repeated in different forms half a dozen times, was particularly galling to Gullette, who said Castro was trying to question — through implication — the mental competence of the septuagenarian Biden. President Trump, who is 73, raised the same question about Biden, only more explicitly, in public comments earlier this year.
"For most people, the specter of dementia is just horrifying," Gullette said, dismissing the notion that the verbal gaffes Biden has made could be interpreted as evidence of dementia. "When you trigger the dementia scare, you are weaponizing a very widespread fear of cognitive impairment. I think it's quite wrong to do so in any context."
Castro denied after the debate that he was trying to take a "shot at [Biden's] age."
"I wouldn't do it differently," he told CNN Friday. "That was not a personal attack; this was about a disagreement over what the vice president said regarding health care policy."
Of course, Biden may have made himself an easy target for being typecast as an out-of-touch oldster when he talked Thursday, in a discussion about segregation and education inequality, about using a "record player" to help kids learn more words.
There's long been a tension between candidates of different generations, sometimes framed as the need for experience versus the need for change. "We could remind baby boomers that this is the same change argument that they made in the '60s and early '70s," said state Senator Eric Lesser, 33, a Longmeadow Democrat who runs a millennial caucus in the Legislature. "Elections are about the future. So arguments about how to get change are totally fair game."
Lesser said, "It's appropriate to ask whether someone's in tune with the times," but "comments about personal characteristics are, I believe, below the belt and uncalled for."
Jason Dorsey, president of the Center for Generational Kinetics, an Austin, Texas, research firm that specializes in millennials and Gen Z topics, said the prominence of social media today is putting a sharper edge on generational conflict that has always lurked below the surface.
"The fact that politicians are playing in the mud and using generational differences as a wedge is something we haven't seen before," Dorsey said. He called Castro's attack on Biden "a not-so-tactful attempt to say I'm young and you're too old for the job you seeking."
At the same time, Dorsey said, "It's normal and natural to have generational change moving through politics. Politics is about representing people, and if the people change they have to determine if the politicians who represent them are still the right fit."
The dust-up between Castro and Biden comes as younger Democratic candidates are challenging older incumbents more frequently. Insurgents like Ayanna Pressley, 45, in Boston and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, 29, in New York gained mass followings by unseating establishment congressmen in the 2018 midterm elections. Many in Massachusetts are focused on the expected challenge by Representative Joseph P. Kennedy III, 38, to 73-year-old Senator Ed Markey.
Generational change is the backdrop to many of these races. And while the words are seldom uttered publicly, the dueling subtexts are "step aside" versus "wait your turn."
Democrats hoping to present a contrast next year to an unpopular incumbent president in his 70s currently find themselves with a trio of top-polling candidates — Biden, 70-year-old Elizabeth Warren, and 78-year-old Bernie Sanders — who are part of Trump's generation.
Whether it's too late for a younger challenger to emerge from the Democratic pack remains to be seen. But candidates such as former Texas representative Beto O'Rourke, 46, or South Bend, Ind., Mayor Peter Buttigieg, 37, who've tried to cloak themselves in the mantle of generational change — subtly or overtly — have found their attempts can be a two-edged sword.
"Change and new ideas have always been part of the political narrative," Temple Rocks said. "But it's unacceptable to say change means you have to be flat-out young, not flat-out old."
Robert Weisman can be reached at robert.weisman@globe.com. Follow him on Twitter @GlobeRobW.


Dry roast the pine nuts and keep aside. Boil the spaghetti.
Finely chop the garlic and onion, cut the chicken into bitesize dice. Cut the tomato in quarters.
Put the oil in a frying pan and add the garlic, onion and bacon.
When the onion is soft, add the chicken.
When the chicken is cooked, add the tomatoes and spinach and put the lid on for a few minutes.
When the spinach is reduced, add the balsamic vinegar, nutmeg, salt & pepper and pine nuts.
Pour onto the cooked spaghetti.
It's so quick once the chicken is cooked, just throw everything else in and enjoy!


Reservable Group Study Rooms Now Available!
Study rooms 512 and 514 (both are located on the 5th floor) can now be reserved in 2 hour blocks during the hours the library is open.
Reserve a group study room here: http://reservation.library.txstate.edu. Log in with your NetID.
Choose the "Group Study- Level 5" tab to reserve either Room 512 or 514.
Room 512 can seat up to 6 people; Room 514 can seat up to 10 people.
Reservations are limited to 1 reservation per day. Each member of the group can make separate reservations to extend group access to a study room.
If you do not claim your room within 15 minutes of your scheduled reservation time, other groups may use the room.
Report any issues to the Circulation/Reserves desk on the 2nd floor. You may also call 512.245.3681, or use Ask a Librarian to text or IM if someone is in the room during your reserved time.
Jessica talks about Alkek Library hours for Finals and also the Therapy dogs visiting Alkek on May 1st, 5th, and 6th. Check the website (www.library.txstate.edu) for more details on both!


text:
Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Japan
Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Japan Analysis of First Data Reported (FY2006) from Emissions Accounting, Reporting and Disclosure System for Large Emitt...
Author: Sheena Johnston
4.3 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
10. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
Ireland s Greenhouse Gas Emissions
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS REDUCTION IN ALBERTA
Appendix L Greenhouse Gas Emissions
India: Greenhouse Gas Emissions 2007
Greenhouse gas emissions disclosure 2013
Calculating farm scale greenhouse gas emissions
Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Palm Oil Production
Transport and Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Mitigation Measures
4.4. Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Physical Setting
Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ships
Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Global Mitigation Efforts
TECHNICAL EVALUATION: GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS (CLIMATE CHANGE)
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, CLIMATE CHANGE, AND ENERGY
Yukon Greenhouse Gas Emissions: The transportation sector
3.7 Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Climate Change
The challenge of greenhouse gas emissions
Greenhouse gas emissions and material flows
Greenhouse gas emissions from biomass heating systems
CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY OVER GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
PART III: TOTAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
Analysis of First Data Reported (FY2006) from Emissions Accounting, Reporting and Disclosure System for Large Emitters under Japan's "The Law Concerning the Protection of the Measures to Cope with Global Warming"
Kiko Network
Executive summary z
Japan is the world's fourth largest emitter of greenhouse gases. Its emissions have increased by 6.2% (as of FY2006) from the 1990 base year under the Kyoto Protocol, representing a gap of 12.2% compared to the country's emission reduction target. Efforts to date have been inadequate, and at the current pace Japan will fail to meet its reduction target.
Indirect CO2 emissions have increased considerably in the residential and commercial sectors since 1990, but industrial emissions account for the largest share, at 36% of total emissions. More than half of the increase in Japan's emissions has come from increases in emissions from electrical power plants, and a considerable increase in generation from coal-burning power plants has resulted in a considerable deterioration in Japan's emission factor of electricity.
An industry-by-industry review of emissions from 14,225 facilities that released data under the mandatory emissions accounting, reporting and disclosure system show that: ・ The power sector accounts for 40% of total emissions. The top three emitting companies are Tokyo Electric Power Company, JFE Steel Corporation, and Nippon Steel Corporation. ・ Direct emissions from facilities subject to this system account for 67% of Japan's total emissions, and 200 facilities account for about 50% of Japan's total emissions. The bulk of emissions come from a small number of big emitting facilities. ・ Data on GHG emissions from 36 facilities have not been released publicly, but it was still possible to determine emissions by referring to certain numbers available under local regulations. Based on this data, it is clear that of the top ten big emitting facilities, seven are in the steel industry (all with blast furnaces), and three are coal-fired power generation facilities.
As for Japan's mandatory GHG accounting, reporting and disclosure system, Japan should delete clauses referring to "protection of rights," which have no practical justification, and in order to make climate policies reflect the real situation, information reported periodically under the Law Concerning the Rational Use of Energy (usage of fuels by type, electricity consumption by type, and energy intensity, etc.) should be released publicly.
Analysis of emissions reduction potentials ・ An analysis of fuel consumption at two large thermal power stations belonging to Chubu Electric Power Co.—the Hekinan Thermal Power Station (coal), and the Kawagoe Thermal Power Station (liquefied natural gas)—revealed that the Hekinan plant consumes 1.4 times as much fuel as the Kawagoe plant to produce electricity, although its CO2 emissions are 2.5 times greater. If fuel-specific data could be obtained, it would be possible to determine the reduction potentials by shifting fuels from coal to natural gas. ・ The energy intensity for Japan's manufacturing industry has deteriorated since 1990. Also, there are differences in energy efficiency between different facilities within the same industry. By making the less efficient ones achieve "top runner" levels (the highest efficiency in the market), it would be possible to reduce emissions in the medium term by improving energy efficiency. By sorting through data this way, Japan could find considerable potential for emissions reductions in each industry.
・ By properly obtaining and clarifying the data, and making it widely available, Japan could properly assess its potential for emissions reductions. Such an effort would also be beneficial for the design of Japan's domestic emissions trading system and carbon tax. 2
I. Introduction The Kyoto Protocol entered into force in February 2005, and its first commitment period begins in 2008. In 2004, as part of a complete review of policies to address climate change in order to establish the necessary basic information, the Japanese government decided to introduce a system for mandatory accounting, reporting and disclosure of greenhouse gas emissions, targeting big emitters of greenhouse gases. In April 2005, Cabinet adopted the Kyoto Protocol Target Achievement Plan, which included the new system. This system was incorporated into the law concerning the protection of the Measures to Cope with Global Warming [Global Warming Law] (jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Environment), and in March 2008, data on the emissions of large emitters (for fiscal 2006) was released publicly for the first time. This paper is an analysis of information disclosed based on requests for information under the said Law, for data on emissions from each of the designated facilities (14,225) as well as transport businesses (617) covered under the system. The Kiko Network also requested data on annual consumption by fuel type and by type of electricity, covered by mandatory periodical reporting requirements for large businesses under the Law Concerning the Rational Use of Energy (jurisdiction of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry), and has released the results of analysis based on information disclosed for fiscal 2000, 2003, and 2005. Because the newly-released CO2 emissions data under the mandatory accounting, reporting, and disclosure system was calculated as a basis for annual reporting under the Law Concerning the Rational Use of Energy, we conducted our analysis using all of the above data.
II. Trends in Japan's total GHG emissions (1) GHG emission trends Under the Kyoto Protocol Japan has made a commitment for a 6% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions compared to the base year (1990). Japan's GHG emissions (fiscal 2006) amounted to 1.34 billion tons (CO2 equivalent), representing a 6.2% increase compared to the base year, and representing a 12.2% gap compared to the target reduction of 6%. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions account for about 90% of the total GHG emissions, and CO2 emissions have increased by 11.3% since 1990 (Figure 1). Although the first commitment period begins in 2008, a declining trend in emissions is not yet evident. In the absence of any dramatic changes, there is little hope for Japan to achieve the Kyoto Protocol targets. The government plans to meet its target by utilizing forest sinks (3.8%) and purchasing carbon credits overseas (1.6%), but even with those measures, Japan would be unlikely to meet its target.
million tons- CO2
+5% ±0% 1,200
SF6 PFCs HFCs
Base year =1995
Kyoto Protocol base
京都議定書 の基準年
CH4 CO2
Figure 1. Trends in Japan's GHG emissions Source: Ministry of the Environment, "Fiscal 2006 Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Confirmed Amounts)" .
(2) CO2 emission trends, by sector
CO2 emissions(million tons-CO2)
Looking at sector-by-sector trends, in 500 indirect emissions, one notices a 400 remarkable increase in CO2 emissions since 1990 in the transport, 300 commercial and residential sectors, 200 calculated using emissions from the 100 power generation sector (energy 0 conversion sector) allocated to the 1990 1995 2000 2005 final consumption sectors (transport Transport Power generation Industrial エネルギー転換部門 産業部門 運輸部門 Manufacturing Commercial & other Residential sector showing a 16.7% increase, 業務その他部門 家庭部門 工業プロセス processes Waste 廃棄物 residential sector a 30.0% increase, and commercial sector a 39.5% increase), but the industrial sector Figure 2. Sector-by-sector trends in CO2 emissions (manufacturing) continues to account (indirect emissions from end user side) for a large part of emissions (a 4.6% Source: Prepared from GHG emissions inventory by Japan's reduction since 1990, but this sector National Institute for Environmental Studies. accounts for 36% of total emissions) (Figure 2). Based on this statistics, industry repeatedly claims that industry sector has made significant efforts. It also claims that the effort to address climate change should be focused on changing individual's lifestyle but not regulation to the industry.
CO2 emissions( million tons-CO2)
(3) Increased emissions in electrical sector, and expansion of coal-fired power plants
Kg-CO2/kWh
CO2 emission factor (Power generation sector)
GHG emissions (million tons - CO2)
Looking at direct emissions, one 450 400 sees that emissions from the power 350 generation sector (energy 300 conversion sector) are the largest, 250 and the most noticeable increase is 200 also in power generation (Figure 3). 150 More than half the increase in 100 Japan's emissions from 1990 to 50 2006 was from power plants. The 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 reasons for this increase are an Power generation Industrial エネルギー転換部門 産業部門 increase in electricity consumption Transport Commercial & other 運輸部門 業務その他部門 in the commercial and residential Residential Manufacturing 家庭部門 工業プロセス processes Waste 廃棄物 sectors, as well as a deterioration in emission factors in the Figure 3. Sector-by-sector trends in CO2 emissions (direct emissions) electricity sector (Figure 4). The Source: Prepared from GHG emissions inventory by Japan's National reason behind of this major Institute for Environmental Studies. increase in emission factors is the dramatic increase in emissions from coal-fired power plants (Figure 5). The increase in emissions from Power generation (coal) for industry 1600 事業用発電(石炭) On-site power generation (coal) 自家発電(石炭) coal-fired power plants since fiscal 1990 is Emissions from other sources その他の全排出 1400 greater than the increase in emissions from 78.485 209.66 Japan overall. 1200 19.635
1990年 1990
400 200 0 Source: Submission of Federation of Electric Power Companies of Japan to Central Environmental Council and Industrial Structure Council of Japan
Figure 4. Emission factor trend in power sector
Figure 5. Trend in CO2 emissions from coal Source: Prepared from reporting data submitted to Central Environment Council and Industrial Structure Council, and from energy balance sheet of the Resources and Energy Agency.
BOX:Difference between emissions calculation based on direct and indirect emissions (calculated from end user side). To determine the amount of Japanese emissions, it is essential to understand the difference between direct and indirect emissions. 'Direct emissions' are calculated as the CO2 emissions the entire power industry for electricity generated at power stations, whereas 'indirect emissions' are calculated by allocating emissions associated with the generated electricity to the final consumption sectors, such as factories, offices, and households. Internationally, it is common practice to calculate direct emissions, but in Japan the conventional approach is to calculate indirect emissions. Calculations using indirect emissions make it possible to ascertain the energy consumption that includes electricity in the final consumption sector. This approach, however, also makes it more difficult to see problems such as the deterioration in per unit CO2 emissions in the power sector, for example, from an increase in the use of coal or drop in efficiency, and an increase in emissions could be blamed upon the final consumption sectors. In principle, Japan's mandatory GHG accounting, reporting and disclosure system, uses indirect emissions data, but direct emissions from the power generation sector are also to be reported. The Kiko Network conducts its analyses based on both approaches.
III. Revelations from data available under the mandatory GHG emissions accounting, reporting, and disclosure system (1) Sector-specific emissions ratios: Power sector accounts for 40% of total direct emissions The publicly announced emissions of 14,225 designated facilities and 617 designated transport businesses subject to disclosure requirements are summarized by industry in Table 1. Under the statistics for indirect emissions, the manufacturing sector accounts for more than half of emissions from designated facilities and transport businesses. In the manufacturing sector, five industries (steel, chemicals, petroleum products, cement, pulp and paper) account for 80% of indirect emissions. If we count direct emissions, however (in other words, emissions from power plants as the CO2 emissions from the power sector), it becomes clear that the power sector is a giant emitter, accounting for more than 40% of overall emissions. Table 2 lists the top twenty emitters. Table 1. Emissions, by sector
CO2 emissions from energy sources Total emissions of 6 GHGs (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons) Direct Indirect emissions from CO2 calculated from CO2 calculated from indirect emissions end user side direct emissions emissions from end user side 826,000* 557,030 912,000* 642,860
Power sector 379,630 20,590 389,480 Manufacturing sectors 463,350 - Steel making 188,370 - Chemicals 77,400 - Petroleum and coal products 37,540 - Cement and related 35,760 - Pulp & paper products 28,420 - Other manufacturing 96,060 Non-manufacturing sectors 2,480 Commercial sector 32,760 Transport sector 37,640 Source: Prepared from GHG emissions reporting under Japan's Global Warming Law Note 1: Asterisks indicate estimate by Kiko Network.
21,360 534,510 196,530 91,010 37,960 72,630 31,680 104,610 2,850 46,510 37,640
Table 2. Corporations ranking as top-twenty emitters Rank Company Industry Major sites (names in parentheses GHG emissions (1,000 tons) indicate prefecture) CO2 (direct CO2 (indirect emissions) emissions from end user side) 1Tokyo Electric Power Power generation Futtsu (Chiba), Yokohama 68,920 Co., Inc. (Kanagawa), Ichihara (Chiba), Hirono (Fukushima) 2JFE Steel Corp. Steel Kurashiki (Okayama), Fukuyama 60,290 (Hiroshima), Chiba (Chiba), Kawasaki (Kanagawa) 3Nippon steel Corp. Steel Kimitsu (Chiba), Oita (Oita), Nagoya 59,340 (Aichi), Kitakusyu (Fukuoka) 4Chubu Electric Power Power generation Hekinan (Aichi), Kawagoe(Mie) 55,340 Co., Inc. Matsuura (Nagasaki), Anan 43,940 5Electric Power Power generation Development Co., Ltd. (Tokushima) 6Tohoku Electric Power Power generation Haramachi (Fukushima), Noshiro 34,180 Co., Inc. (Akita) 7Chugoku Electric Power generation Yanai (Yamaguchi), Hamada 25,510 Power Co., Inc. (Shimane) 8Sumitomo Metal Steel Kashima (Ibaraki), Wakayama 22,140 Industries, Ltd. (Wakayama) 9Kyushu Electric Power generation Oita (Oita), Kitakushu (Fukuoka), 21,300 Power Co., Inc. Reihoku (Kumamoto) 10Kansai Electric Power Power generation Himeji (Hyogo), Osaka (Osaka), 20,500 Co., Inc. Maizuru (Kyoto) 11Hokuriku Electric Power generation Tsuruga (Fukui), Nanao (Ishikawa) 17,560 Power Co., Inc. 12Kobe Steel Ltd. Steel Kakogawa (Hyogo), Kobe (Hyogo) 17,420 13Taiheiyo Cement Cement production Hokuto (Hokkaido), Tsukumi (Oita) 16,860 Corporation 14Hokkaido Electric Power generation Atsuma (Hokkaido) 13,920 Power Co., Inc. 15Nippon Petroleum Petroleum refining Yokohama (Kanagawa), Kurashiki 10,530 Refining Company, (Okayama) Limited 16Soma Kyodo Power Power generation Shinchi (Fukushima) 10,520 Company Ltd. 17Sumitomo Osaka Cement production Kochi (Kochi), Ako (Hyogo) 9,290 Cement Co., Ltd. 18Mitsubishi Materials Cement production, Karita (Fukuoka), Naoshima (Kagawa) 8,940 Corp. nonferrous metals 19Ube Industries Ltd. Cement production Mine (Yamaguchi) 8,780 20Shikoku Electric Power generation Anan (Tokushima), Sakaide (Kagawa) 9,720 Power Co., Inc.
(2) Disparities in emissions, by size of facility z Analysis of indirect emissions (end user side) Turning now to CO2 emissions from energy sources, by analysis calculated from the indirect emissions approach (end-user side), the emissions from 14,225 designated facilities and 617 designated transport businesses accounted for 48% of Japan's total emissions (CO2 from energy sources on end user side), of which 7,586 Type I facilities under the Law Concerning the Rational Use of Energy account for about 50% of the subject facilities, representing more than half of those emissions. z Analysis of direct emissions Emissions from power plants plus the totaled direct emissions account for 67% of Japan's total CO2 emissions. Furthermore, the direct emissions from just 200 facilities account for 50% of Japan's GHG emissions. Of particular note, just 111 facilities in the power generation and steel sectors account for 40% of Japan's emissions (Figure 6, Figure 7).
*The law concerning the protection of the Measures to Cope with Global Warming
Power generation (90 facilities) 28%
Emitters not regulated by the law* 32%
Total emissions 1.34 billion tons-CO2 (Fiscal 2006) Steel production (21 facilities) 12%
Other emitters regulated by the law * (14,000 facilities etc.) 17%
Cement & related (27 facilities) 4% Pulp and paper Chemical industries (27 (9 facilities) facilities) Petroleum and coal 1% 3% (26 facilities) 2%
Figure 6. Ratio of emissions from Japan's big emitters (direct emissions) Source: Estimated from GHG inventory and emission reports under the Global Warming Law.
67% (900 million tons, 14,225 facilities 60% (800 million tons, 1,200 facilities) and 617 transport companies) 80%
50% (670 million tons, 200 facilities) Percent of Japan's total GHG emissions (2006)
40% (540 million tons, 88 facilities)
30% (400 million tons, from 44 facilities)
Japan's total emissions (FY2006):
10% (130 million tons, from estimated 8 facilities)
1.34 billion tons-CO2
1000 No. of facilities
Figure 7. Ratio of large facilities in Japan's GHG emissions Source: Prepared from GHG inventory and emission reports under the Global Warming Law. Direct emissions are estimated from statistics on direct and indirect (end user side) emissions, as indicated in emissions inventories.
(3) Top emitting prefectures Statistics of indirect emissions from end user side show the large prefectural emitters, including Chiba Prefecture at 50.29 million tons (about 8% of Japan's designated facilities and transport businesses), and Aichi Prefecture at 42.73 million tons (about 7%). The top ten prefectures, down to Okayama Prefecture, exceed 50% of the national figure. Each of the top 10 prefectures has steelmaking plants and chemical complexes. For example, Chiba Prefecture is the home of two blast furnace steel plants and Ichihara City with a chemical complex, while Aichi Prefecture has a steel plant in Tokai City. (4) Emissions from major transport businesses Fiscal 2006 CO2 emissions (end user side) from 625 designated transport businesses (large transport operators) amounted to 37.64 million tons, accounting for about 15% of emissions from Japan's transport sector (Figure 8). Cargo vehicles accounts for 3% of emissions from the transport sector in Japan, passenger trains account for 4%, and air travel accounts for 3%. The concentration of emissions in these sectors is
Freight trains 0% Freight vehicles 3% Freight ships 2%
Passenger vehicles 1% Passenger trains 4% Passenger ships 1% Aircrafts 3%
CO2 emissions from transport sector 254 million tons (FY2006)
Others 86%
Figure 8. Ratio of emissions in transport sector
shown in Figure 9. Two companies (both being airlines) account for 23% of emissions from designated transport businesses, and 16 companies account for 50% of emissions from designated transport businesses. Rate of emissions from designated transport businesses
5000000 4500000 4000000 3500000 3000000 2500000 2000000 1500000 1000000 500000 0
Emissions per business (t)
1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0
R割合 atio
事業所あたり Emissions per facility 排出量
200 400 No. of businesses
Figure 9. Concentration of emissions from transport businesses
(5) Emissions from designated shippers The CO2 emissions from energy sources from 846 designated shippers that ship over 30 million kilogram-kilometers in transport volume per year amounted to 19.28 million tons, accounting for about 20% of the CO2 emissions from the entire transport and freight sector (about 100 million tons) in fiscal 2006. The manufacturing sector accounts for 80% of designated shippers overall, and within the manufacturing sector, five industries (steel, chemicals, cement, petroleum and coal products, pulp and paper) accounted for 40% of designated shippers overall. Seventy designated shippers accounted for 50% of emissions (Figure 10). Steel sector (8 companies) Petroleum refining 8.8% (5) 4.7% Chemical industry (11) 4.9% CO2 emissions from Other designated 846 designated shippers shippers (771) 19.28 million 49.8% (FY2006) tons
Food & Bevarage (12) 6.9% Car (5) 4.3%
Other manufacturers (15) 8.4% Commercial (17) Mining & construction(2) 10.3% 1.9%
Figure 10. Sectoral share of 70 top emitters (designated shippers) Note: Prepared from GHG inventory and emission reports under the Global Warming Law.
IV. Facilities that did not disclose emissions data In response to requirements, 14,189 (99.7%) of 14,225 facilities provided information. Among those that did not disclose emissions data there were 36 facilities of 14 companies (31 facilities of 11 companies in steel, 3 facilities of 2 companies in chemicals, and 2 facilities of 1 company in metal products industries) (Table 3). They account for a significant share of Japan's total emissions. In particular, 100% of large companies using blast furnaces to manufacture steel failed to provide data. (1) Estimates for 36 facilities that did not disclose emission data (a) Some estimates can be done for non-disclosing facilities by using local regulations Data for six of the facilities that did not disclose data could be determined through additional analysis of data available under local reporting and disclosure systems in Osaka, Hiroshima, and Mie Prefectures (currently available up to fiscal 2005) (Figure 4). While these companies had disclosed data under local prefectural regulations, citing certain reasons, they had requested and received permission from the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry not to disclose information to the national government. No explanations have been provided publicly for the reasons cited by these companies or the decision of the government, and these actions are clearly in violation of regulations. In fact, on 2 April 2007, the ministers having jurisdiction for these matters under the Prime Minister jointly signed a statement titled "Criteria for judgment on possible damage to rights or benefits", the text of which states clearly that "In cases where information associated with reports about amounts of calculated greenhouse gas emissions can normally be obtained publicly, it has been determined that there is no threat of damage to rights or benefits by disclosing such information." These cases of failure to disclose information are also in violation with this judgment. The steel industry is believed to have the greatest impact on Japan's emissions. The fact that the status of the emissions of several companies was not reported due to faulty judgment exposes a serious flaw in the information disclosure regulations under existing legislation. This situation also reveals the impropriety of the METI minister's decision to approve the request for permission not to disclose data. (b) Calculations based on other facilities, independent estimates It was possible to ascertain emissions for five other facilities by making inferences from industry totals, prefectural totals and so on, or by making inferences from emissions data obtained from local governments as stated in (a) above. Kiko Network was able to make estimates for the remaining 25 facilities based on the information indicated above. (2) Rankings of top-twenty big emitting facilities After compiling the data indicated above, it became clear that seven of the top ten big emitters of Japan's total emissions are in the steel industry (all steel mills with blast furnaces), and that three of the top ten are coal-fired power generation facilities (Table 5). Furthermore, we estimate that the top twenty facilities account for about 20% of Japan's direct GHG emissions; these findings reveal the high proportion of emissions coming from a small number of large facilities.
Table 3. Facilities not disclosing data Industry
No. No. Company
Sub-sector
furnace 1
Kimitsu Works
Kimitsu
Nagoya Works
Oita Works
Yahata Works
Kitakusyu
Sakai Works
Muroran Works
Kamaishi Works
Kamaishi
West Japan Works, Kurashiki
West Japan Works, Fukuyama
Nippon Steel Corp.
JFE Steel Corp.
Chita Works
East Japan Works, Nishinomiya
Nishinomiya
East Japan Works, Keihin
East Japan Works, Chiba
14 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd.
Kashima Works
Wakayama Works
Wakayama Wakayama
Wakayama Works(Kainan)
Wakayama Kainan
17 Kobe Steel Ltd.
Kakogawa Works
Kakogawa
Kobe Works
19 Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd.
Ichikawa Works
Ichikawa
Osaka Works
Toyo Works
overall Ratio to Japan
Amagasaki Works
Amagasaki
25 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd., Kokura
Kitakushu
26 Hokkai Iron & Coke Corporation
27 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd., Naoetsu
28 Nippon Steel & Sumikin Stainless Steel Kashima Works
29 Corporation
Yawata Works
Yachiyo
Yachiyo Plant
Yokkaichi Complex
Nanyo Complex
Yamaguchi Shunan
11 31 Nisshin A&C Co., Ltd. 12 32 Tosoh Corporation 33 13 34 Ube Ammonia Private Limited Company Metal product manufacturer
10 30 Nisshin Garuba Chemicals
City or town
emissions 1,000t- CO2 overall
14 35 JFE Container Co., Ltd. 36
Undisclosed 88
Yamaguchi Ube
Sakai Plant
Kawasaki Plant
Table 4. Facilities and the disclosed data under local prefectural regulations Company, facility Site Industry CO2 from energy CO2 from CO2 Total Remarks sources (indirect non-energy (incl. other gases emissions from sources and emissions from end user side) waste recycling) 1,000 tons 1,000 tons 1,000 tons Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd., Kure Steel 6,820 480 7,310 Hiroshima Kure Works (Hiroshima Pref.) prefectural ordinance Tosoh Corporation Yokkaichi Chemicals 1,861 14 1875 Mie Yokkaichi Complex* (Mie Pref.) prefectural ordinance Osaka Nippon Steel Corp. Sakai Steel 113 113 prefectural Sakai Works (Osaka Pref.) ordinance Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd. Osaka Steel 229 229 Osaka Works (Osaka Pref.) Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd. Sakai Steel Sakai Works (Osaka Pref.) JFE Container Co., Ltd. Sakai Metal product 2 2 Sakai Complex (Osaka Pref.) Note: Figures for Tosoh Corporation (Yokkaichi site) are reference values from fiscal 2004. Table 5. Top-twenty big emitting facilities GHG emissions (1,000 tons) Rank
Company, facility
Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc., Hekinan Hekinan Thermal Power Plant (Aichi Pref.) JFE Steel Corp., West Japan Works, Fukuyama Fukuyama (Hiroshima Pref.) JFE Steel Corp., West Japan Works, Kurashiki Kurashiki (Okayama Pref.) Nippon Steel Corp., Kimitsu Works Kimitsu (Chiba Pref.) Kobe Steel Ltd., Kakogawa Works Kakogawa (Hyogo Pref.) Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd., Kashima Kashima Works (Ibaraki Pref.) Nippon Steel Corp., Oita Works Oita (Oita Pref.) Nippon Steel Corp., Nagoya Works Tokai (Aichi Pref.) Tohoku Electric Power Co., Inc., Haramachi Haramachi Thermal Power Plant (Fukushima Pref.) Electric Power Development Co., Ltd., Matsuura Matsuura Thermal Power Station (Nagasaki Pref.) Electric Power Development Co., Ltd., Anan (Tokushima Tachibanawan Thermal Power Station Pref.) Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc., Kawagoe Kawagoe (Mie Pref.) Thermal Power Plant Soma Kyodo Power Co., Ltd., Shinchi Shinchi Thermal Power Plant (Fukushima Pref.) Hokkaido Electric Power, Tomato-Atsuma Atsuma Power Plant (Hokkaido Pref.) JFE Steel Corp., East Japan Works, Keihin Kawasaki (Kanagawa Pref.) JFE Steel Corp., East Japan Works, Chiba Chiba (Chiba Pref.) Tohoku Electric Power Co., Inc., Nigata Seiro (Nigata Pref.) Power plant Electric Power Development Co., Ltd., Takehara Takehara Thermal Power Station (Hiroshima Pref.) Joban Joint Power Co., Ltd., Nakoso Power Iwaki Plant (Fukushima Pref.) Nippon Steel Corp., Yawata Works Kitakushu (Fukuoka Pref.) Note: Some figures are estimates.
CO2 calculated from Direct emissions
Power generation (coal) Steel
CO2 calculated from indirect emissions from end user side
Steel Steel
Steel Steel Power generation (coal) Power generation (coal) Power generation (coal) Power generation (LNG) Power generation (coal) Power generation (coal) Steel
Steel Power generation (LNG) Power generation (coal) Power generation (coal, etc.) Steel
12,620 11,100 10,980 10,800 10,520 9,580 9,000 9,000 8,560 8,290 8,230 8,200
V. The need to strengthen the current mandatory accounting, reporting, and disclosure system (1) Delete inappropriate clauses about "protection of rights" Through the first reporting cycle conducted under Japan's mandatory accounting, reporting and disclosure system for GHG emissions, under the Global Warming Law, the emissions data for nearly 15,000 of Japan's major business facilities were disclosed and shared with the public in list form. This reporting process represents an important step forward in terms of establishing the invaluable informational basis for the development, implementation, evaluation and revision of policies to address climate change, which is caused by a broad range of human activities. Nevertheless, as stated above, information was not disclosed for 36 facilities (including many extremely large emitters, including those in the steel industry) that requested an exemption based on an inappropriate protection-of-rights clause. When it comes to determining which companies are subject to (or exempt from) information disclosure requirements, this system is still influenced to some extent by the wishes of the businesses involved. Moreover, non-disclosers such as those in the steel industry, include companies that are calling for the introduction of sectoral approaches and benchmark indicators to establish targets both domestically and internationally. Such initiatives, if they are to be introduced, must be based upon transparency of emission data. It is therefore necessary to delete any clauses that permit the protection of special rights. (2) The need for reporting and disclosure of information from the annual reporting under the Law Concerning the Rational Use of Energy Because the system under the Global Warming Law is a reporting and disclosure system only for total amounts of CO2 from energy sources, (a) the potential for CO2 emissions reductions through fuel switching is not verifiable, and (b) even if there is a considerable difference between facilities in a given industry in terms of CO2 emissions intensity and energy consumption intensity, it is not possible to assess their levels properly, thus making it impossible to fairly evaluate the need for and appropriateness of strengthening emissions reduction and other measures. Meanwhile, the Law Concerning the Rational Use of Energy totals use of fuel and electricity to determine the size of energy consumptions, and is applicable to Type 1 designated facilities being 3,000 kiloliters and Type 2 designated facilities being 1,500 kiloliters or greater (about 3,000 tons CO2 equivalent, assuming fossil fuels), makes it mandatory for those facilities to submit annual reports to the government, including fuel use (by fuel type), electricity use (by type of use), and energy intensity, etc. These reports should be disclosed as essential information for the planning, 14
development, evaluation and review of policies to address climate change, and should be reflected in measures to address climate change. (3) The need for accounting, reporting, and disclosure of direct emissions, on a facility-by-facility basis Under the current system, not only is it impossible to obtain the statistics by fuel type for CO2 from energy sources, there is also no distinction made between fuel and electricity consumption calculated on the end-user side. Thus, it is not possible to calculate direct emissions. It is necessary to modify the system into a reporting and disclosure system that treats fuel and electricity separately, in order to give separate treatment to actions in the electricity generation sector and actions in the electricity consumption sector, and to link them effectively.
IV. Analysis of emission reduction potentials in Japan (1) Analysis of potential for fuel shifting by determining emissions on a fuel-by-fuel basis Because coal emits twice the amount of CO2 compared to natural gas for the same amount of energy (Figure 11), it is possible to reduce CO2 emissions just by switching a fuel from coal to natural gas. However, because the price of coal is cheaper, the power generation and raw materials industries have been increasing the proportion of coal used, rather than preventing climate change. This dynamic has been a major factor in the increase
emissions.
Japan's we
天然ガス Natural gas
ascertain the details on a fuel-by-fuel basis, it would be possible
石油 Petroleum
prospects for fuel shifting in each
factory;
possible through fuel shifting,
CO2 emissions(t-CO2/GJ)
and this information would also serve as basic data for
Figure 11. Differences in CO2 emissions from different fuels
Source: Estimated from greenhouse gas emissions reports.
and the consideration of other policies.
CO2 emissions[10,000t-CO2]
Based on information obtained by Kiko
information, for example, we compare the fiscal 2005 results for the Hekinan
Hekinan (Coal) 碧南(石炭)
Thermal Power Station (coal), and the Kawagoe Thermal Power Station (liquefied natural gas)—two major plants of Chubu Electric Power Co.
Kawagoe 川越(LNG) (LNG)
To produce electricity, the Hekinan plant consumes 1.4 times the fuel of the Kawagoe plant but emits 2.5
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Fuel consumption燃料消費量[PJ] (PJ) Estimated power generation (100 million kWh) CO2 emissions (10,000 tons-CO2) 発電量(推定)[億kWh] CO2排出量[万t-CO2]
Figure 12. Example of differences in CO2 emissions
times the CO2 emissions.
from different fuels at electrical power plants Source: Estimated from greenhouse gas emissions reports.
This is mainly because the Hekinan plant uses coal, which is high in CO2 emissions, whereas the Kawagoe plant uses liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is comparatively low in CO2 emissions. This example suggests that the potential exists to reduce emissions by more than 10 million tons by switching the Hekinan plant from coal to LNG.
Table 6. Major thermal power plants of Chubu Electric
Main fuel
Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc., Hekinan Thermal Power Plant Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc., Kawagoe Thermal Power Plant
CO2 emissions Fuel consumption (1,000t-CO2) (PJ) 24,840 274
Estimated power generated (billion kWh) 31
Electricity generation efficiency 40%
Source: Calculated by Kiko Network from annual reporting under the Law Concerning the Rational Use of Energy. Estimates of power generated were calculated by multiplying fiscal 2005 fuel consumption by fiscal 2003 actual power generation efficiency figures (Summary of electricity supply and demand, by Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry).
(2) Analysis of facility-by-facility disparities in energy efficiency The energy intensity of production for Japan's manufacturing industry has deteriorated since 1990.
the same industry. Figure 13 shows the distribution of power
efficiencies of power plants for amounts generated in fiscal 2003, revealing a large discrepancy
Power generation efficiency(%)
average and the "top runner" power plants. By modeling
Figure 13. Power generation efficiency of thermal power plants of
the current "top runner" level being
technologies, it is possible to
different facilities even within
LNG LNG Petroleum 石油 Coal 石炭
energy efficiency between
200000 180000 160000 140000 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 36-38 34-36 32-34
discrepancies
large Generated power(million kWh)
Furthermore,
typical power companies Source: Prepared from "Summary of Electricity Supply and Demand 2003" from Resources and Energy Agency (figures not release for 2004 onward).
calculate the medium-term reduction prospects possible from energy conservation—for an entire industry, and for each individual facility. This type of data is becoming increasingly compelling from Kiko Network's analysis of data obtained through information disclosure. The
Metropolitan has
Energy intensity of selected Tokyo office buildings (Compiled by Tokyo Metropolitan Government)
provided an example of this
MJ/m2 >7500
approach in the commercial
sector.
information from the TMG to
Building's major tenant 事務所ビル Defense Agency?
Patent Office, Meteorological Agency, etc.
Prime Minister's Office , Tokyo Metro Police Dept., Tokyo Electric Power , Electric Power Development Co., etc.
which we have added some
Min. Health/ Labour/ Welfare, Min. of Environment, Min. of Land/Infra/Transport, etc.
Min. of Economy/ Trade/ Industry, Min. Finance, Tokyo Metro Govt. Towers, etc.
If emissions disclosure systems incorporate efforts to visually
Min. of Agriculture, Fisheries, Forests; Nippon Oil Corp., etc.
Report "Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Japan"


The African American Leadership Initiative (AALI) met for the second AALI Speaks event on Monday March, 11th at NECIC from 12:00 - 1:30pm.
The event was catered by DLX and featured two speakers, Councilman-At-Large, Don Bryant and NECIC Research and Development Coordinator, Edward Akinyemi. The focus of the meeting was on the importance of diversity, equality, and inclusion. After a twenty minute time for food and fellowship, Akinyemi began interviewing Bryant in a talk show style forum. Bryant felt that our community was striving to become more diverse. He made the statement that the first African American teacher in his life was during his junior year of high school. There just weren't many role models to aspire to at that time. The picture is much different now. Akinyemi agrees and added that he strongly feels the benefit of this program will show how African Americans are currently successful in many areas of our community.
The next African American Leadership Initiative event is planned for April 8th from 12:00 - 1:30pm in the NECIC community room. The cost is only $10.00 but NECIC members are free.
Also, the AALI Social is on Final Fridays at NECIC. The cost for this event is $5 members free. It is a time for networking, light refreshments, and drinks.


text:
Entering Emerging Markets Doesn't Always Translate Into Success
Third-quarter results for Sanofi show that it is possible to enter emerging markets and not be as successful as you expected.
Sanofi's growth in these territories has often outstripped its rivals, but for the second quarter in a row the money from emerging markets failed to increase Sanofi's top line. With generic competition and lagging vaccines sales, the French drugmaker posted a decline in sales and a steeper decline in profits.
Sanofi S.A. is a French multinational pharmaceutical company headquartered in Paris, France, and is the world's fourth-largest in terms of prescription sales.
There are mitigating circumstances. The slowdown in China contributed, as did faltering generic sales in Brazil, and in total the emerging markets grew by a lacklustre 2.8% for the third quarter.
In total, Sanofi's sales dropped by 6.7% to €8.43 billion ($11.59 billion), and profits declined by 19%, falling short of analyst estimates. Bearing this in mind, Sanofi cut its earnings forecast for the year, also for the second quarter in a row.
Times are a-changing, CEO Christopher Viehbacher said. He called the third quarter "an inflection point" that marks the end of Sanofi's patent-cliff nightmare. All that ended in August, he said, and the company actually put forth sales growth in September.
At present, though, the numbers don't accurately reflect the inflection. The emerging markets were not the only problem; some production issues at a vaccines plant in Toronto meant that they took a hit in sales in that area. This was exacerbated by the fact that the vaccines affected by those problems were childhood shots, which are one of Sanofi's higher-margin products, taking a disproportionate chunk out of their profits. One of biggest impacts came from generic competition, which gave them a €191 million ($262.7 million) hit in net sales. That's more than three times the €56 million hit in Brazil.
Thankfully for the company, there to offset all of these losses was some strong growth in diabetes, with Lantus continuing its surge. The drug made a 21% growth in sales year-over-year, to €1.46 billion ($2.01 billion), and the whole diabetes business was up 20% on a constant-currency basis. Some of Sanofi's other growth areas such as consumer healthcare and Genzyme, made the overall picture a bit brighter. This year's launch of multiple sclerosis drug Aubagio, as well as growth in the rare-disease, lifted Genzyme sales by 21% to €529 million ($727.6 million).
According to Viehbacher there is more to come. A few weeks ago, he pledged that Q4 would mark Sanofi's return to growth. Viehbacher also suggested that emerging markets won't continue to be a liability. In these new markets like China, for instance, new hospitals are being built regularly, meaning there are more potential clients in that territory. The company intends to continue investing there, and in other countries, but in a more targeted and thoughtful way, he said. "There will be some ups and downs," Viehbacher said during a conference call with analysts. "You're going to have currency movements, there are going to be some issues on pricing, but you are going to still see a volume increase. Here and there will be pockets of slowdown, but there's still growth to be found. We may just have to look harder for it."
The Korean Brands Succeeding in China
The Rise of Dark Social & What It Means for Your Business
Marketing Cosmetics to Asian Consumers
China's New Rules on Internet Advertising
Why Branding is Critical to Singles' Day
China's Passion for QR Codes
A Look at India's Startup Scene