text:
Industrial Air Pollution Clean-Up Is On Its Way In 2018
John Hawthorne
Since 1955, theUnited States governmenthas recognized the need for legislation to clean up air pollution. Subsequent revisions to the initial legislation strengthened the laws regarding allowable amounts of car emissions, factory smog, and other sources of air pollution.
The most recent version, The Clean Air Act of 1990, tackled five areas: air-quality standards, motor vehicle emissions and alternative fuels, toxic air pollutants, acid rain, and stratospheric ozone depletion.
But now, in 2018, it isnt just legislation and governments fighting air pollution. Private inventors, corporations, and other organizations are harnessing the technology that can aid in cleaning our air all over the world, along with recognizing that some advances in technology are creating more air pollution.
Technology Is Causing Air Pollution
While its true that technology is being used to clean up air pollution, its also been the primary cause.
No technological wonder has caused more air pollution than the horseless carriage.Nearly half of Americans150 millionlive in cities that fail to meet federally designated air quality standards. Cars, vans, trucks, and heavy-duty vehicles (think dump trucks and backhoes) are the primary sources of such pollution, which includes the release of excess ozone, release of particulate matter, and release of other smog-forming emissions.
Air pollution health effects need to be taken seriously. Bad air increases respiratory disorders like asthma and bronchitis. Air pollution also increases the risk of life-threatening health conditions, such as cancer, and burdens health care systems with substantial medical costs. Particulate matter alone is responsible for up to 30,000 deaths a year.
Industrial pollutionis another primary source of air pollution. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), air pollution levels from 1990 to 2008 increased 14 percent. This trend mirrors the number of human-caused greenhouse gas emissions in the air. Air pollution has serious effects on the health of the planet and its population.
Factories pollute the air mostly through fossil fuel emissions. Fossil fuel emissions include methane, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide. While these are naturally-occurring substances, the extremely high levels of emissions are the main concern. Industrial methods also emit manmade emissions of fluorine-containing gases like hydrofluorocarbons.
Aerosolsare another significant source of air pollution There are many countries, starting with the United States, which are making significant progress in cutting down on air pollution that is directly related to aerosols.
How Technology Has Helped Decrease Air Pollution in Recent Years
Thankfully, weve already made some steps toward cutting the amount of air pollution, and its critical that we continue to do so.
Theenvironmental effectsof air pollution mean the destruction of oxygen producing plants and damage to long-term forest viability, deterioration of nutrients in the soil, toxins making their way into the food chain, killing and damage of aquatic life in streams, rivers, and lakes, and nitrogen overload in coastal estuaries leading to oxygen depletion and harm to fish and other aquatic animals.
Reducing air pollution has so many benefits! Clean air increases timber and crop yields, and better visibility conditions in 2010 in selected national parks and large cities had an impact of saving $34 billion.
Solar energyhas been an alternative source of electricity for decades, though it is not widely used. Sunlight that reaches Earths surface provides, 10,000 times more energy than we consume, and solar power aims to harness this force. Solar technologies use sunlight captured through solar cells to provide electricity for heating, cooling, and even running small electronics like a calculator.
Researchers have determined that if we covered only 0.1 percent of the Earths surface with efficient solar cells, we could replace all other forms of energy. University researchers around the world are trying to develop advanced solar arrays using nanotechnology. Their hope is to harness the sun as our primary form of energy.
The EPA, since the early millennia, has mandated significant reductions in emissions from newer cars, vans, trucks, and non-road engines like those used in construction, agriculture, and industry, as well as trains and marine ships. They called for these changes using standards that combine cleaner fuels and cleaner engine technologies. Since the EPA began regulating through the 1970 Clean Air Act, emissions from all types of vehicles have been reduced from 90-99%.
This led to the development of the electric car andhybrid vehicles. They were first made noticeable by celebrity owners, but now the everyday drivers worries about increasing gas prices and the damage fossil fuels have on the environment, have created a demand and market for hybrids.
Sales of hybrid cars like Toyotas Prius, doubled in January 2006 compared to the year before, with nearly 16,000 cars sold. Hybrids are built with smaller gasoline engines, electric motors, and rechargeable batteries. They deliver outstanding gas mileage and create far less air pollution than traditional vehicles.
Innewly built plantsthat use coal as fuel, builders must install control devices that capture up to 98 percent of the sulfur dioxide and in many cases 90 percent of the nitrogen oxide emissions, relative to uncontrolled levels.
Clean technologiesare being introduced and old tech is being improved. Though catalysts, scrubbers, and low-VOC paints and coatings were not used in 1970, they have been proven to be effective and are widely deployed today across industries.
Some examples include:
Scrubbers which achieve 95 percent and even greater SO2 control on boilers
Sophisticated new valve seals and leak detection equipment, including camerasthat can see leaks, for refineries and chemical plans
Low or zero VOC paints, consumer products and cleaning processes
Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC)-free air conditioners, refrigerators, aerosol sprays and cleaning solvents
Water and powder-based coatings to replace petroleum-based formulations
Market penetration of gas-electric hybrid vehicles and clean fuels
Routine use of continuous monitoring technology that provides data more quickly
Multi-pollutant monitors that helps us to better understand the complex nature ofair pollution
New Technology to Control Air Pollution
One of the newest technologies to spring up recently is artist Daan RoosegaardesSmog Free Tower. Roosegaarde traveled to Beijing in 2014, and from his hotel room on the 32nd floor, he could not see the city. It was all gone, Roosegaarde says. The city was completely covered with smog.
Now, he is on tour with the worlds largest, and most impressive, air purifier. The Smog Free Tower will make bubbles of clean air wherever they are placed. Roosegaarde hopes his product will raise public awareness of the dangers of air pollution.
Through ion technology, the Smog Free Tower attracts and absorbs small pollution particles PM2.5 and PM10 and blows out clean air, leaving a 75% improvement in the air quality.
The tower is seven-meters high and cleans approximately 30,000 cubic meters of air every hour, the equivalent of a small neighborhood a day, notes Roosegaarde. One of its most positive qualities is that it requires only 1,400 watts of power no more than a tea kettle.
Since the late 1990s, the EPA has required industrial plants to lower their emissions. This led toscrubbers. These pollution reduction devices are capable of removing toxic substances from exhaust streams or may neutralize them into harmless or even recyclable substances.
Another industrial pollution reduction option isBaghouses. These are filtration structures that have been retrofitted to power plants across the country. They catch fine particulatestiny levels of soot, dirt, and chemicals that damage lungs and create smog. Baghouses are like huge vacuum cleaners. They are lined with fabric filter bags, that are routinely cleaned or replaced.
Another type of air pollution reduction device isBioreactors. This differs from the large-scale devices used in most industrial plants because scientists are experimenting with tiny, simple living organisms called cyanobacteria that eat polluting carbon dioxide (CO2). While most living organisms could never survive a smokestack, these algae flourish in the sweltering temperatures of industrial chimneys.
So, researchers designed bioreactors. These window-screen membranes are teeming with cyanobacteria and will be installed into power plant smokestacks in the near future. The light needed to sustain the algae would come from fiber- optic cables streaming light across the membranes. The algae will grow inside the chimneys while gorging on CO2 exhaust.
Finally, we can look to a technology that is already up and running:Biodiesel. This fuel alternative comes from any vegetable oilincluding recycled vegetable oil from restaurantsand can power most diesel-engine vehicles without modification.
Since 2005, 75 million gallons have been sold in the United States, and many government vehicles use it as fuel. While it burns 78 percent cleaner than oil-based diesel, it is twice as expensive, and availability is scattered. Although only a fraction of US vehicles run on diesel, new fuel-efficient models on the market continue to gain in popularity.
What WE can do to Clean Up Air Pollution
As consumers, we can help by encouraging companies to use the clean air technologies available to them. These companies and corporations are in the business of making money. If consumers stop buying their products because they arent taking pollution seriously, they will go down the drain themselves.
We can also help by investing in alternative energy options like wind, solar, and hybrid vehicles. Such investments would not only help in reducing pollution of all kinds, but ultimately, these investments will pay for themselves and save money for Americans in the long-term. We have the power to make positive changes in air pollution.
john@iqsdirectory.tech
Previous Post:Science and Pseudoscience
Next Post:Democracy or Babacracy
Rise from your knees; cease your mindless murmurs to a god who does not exist or, at best, does not care; and accept the world as it actually is. There is learning to do, there are discoveries to be made and there is knowledge to win. The blackness has not yet fully lifted, but we can only strive for greater illumination when we clutch science as, as Carl Sagan might have said, our candle in the dark.
— Dan Ferrisi


text:
<?php
/**
 * Created by WayneChen.
 * Date: 2016/1/4
 * Time: 17:17
 */

namespace App\lib;

class Session implements \ArrayAccess
{
    private $id;
    private $datas;

    public function __construct()
    {
        $this->id = session_id();
        $this->datas = &$_SESSION;
    }

    public function id()
    {
        return $this->id;
    }

    public function get($offset)
    {
        return $this->offsetGet($offset);
    }

    public function set($offset, $value)
    {
        $this->offsetSet($offset, $value);
    }

    public function del($offset)
    {
        $this->offsetUnset($offset);
    }

    public function offsetExists($offset)
    {
        return isset($this->datas[$offset]);
    }

    public function offsetGet($offset)
    {
        if (isset($this->datas[$offset])) {
            return $this->datas[$offset];
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }

    public function offsetSet($offset, $value)
    {
        if ($offset) {
            $this->datas[$offset] = $value;
        }
    }

    public function offsetUnset($offset)
    {
        unset($this->datas[$offset]);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


One of the best things that a new brewer can do to get a feel for using grain is to steep specialty grains in hot water and use this wort for an extract-based recipe. Using specialty grain allows the brewer to increase the complexity of the wort from what is available commercially as extract-alone. Steeping grain also adds "freshness" to an extract brew. So often, the extract you buy may be more than a year old and the resulting beer may have a dull, soapy character due to oxidation. Creating some new wort by steeping crushed grain adds back the fresh malt character that is often missing from all extract recipes.
Historically, brewers had to settle for Light, Amber, or Dark Extract. Nowadays, there is a great deal more variety in brewing kits and some extract producers take to the time to produce a kit that incorporates several malts and real individuality. But generally, if a brewer wants complexity, then they have to achieve it themselves.
Just about every beer style may be made by using Pale malt extract and steeping the specialty grains listed below. Brown Ales, Bitters, India Pale Ales, Stouts, Bocks, Oktoberfests; all can be made using this method. And the resulting beer flavor will be superior than what can be made using extracts alone. Award winning beers can be made solely from extract, but freshness of the extract is often an issue and using grain can make up the difference between a good beer and an outstanding one.
And its fun to experiment, right?


Predictable can be both good and bad when it comes to digital signage.
It's bad when the content on the screen, as well as the layout and programming approach, looks much like everything else out there. To have impact, a network needs the stopping power of strong creative and an overall look that is anything but predictable.
But when it comes to operating a digital signage network, predictable warms the hearts of IT, deployment and operations people.
The release of a new batch of tablet devices by online sales giant Amazon has raised, once again, excited discussions about using low-cost consumer devices as digital signage appliances.
The idea comes up almost entirely because of cost and form factor. First it was the Apple iPad. Then it was the Samsung tablet. Then the other Android operating system tablets that started popping up. Now it's the $199 USD Amazon Kindle Fire.
Within an hour of the announcement, the first questions started popping up in social media, asking whether the Fire could do the digital signage job on the shelf-edges and countertops of the retail and public spaces world.
In the most basic terms, sure they can. A handful of digital signage software companies have stripped down versions of their technology that can get a scheduled set of stills and videos running on devices as elemental as WiFi-enabled digital photo frames.
But there are some big caveats that need to be considered before a retailer or network operator goes down the path of using devices, built with specific uses in mind, for something very different.


Bullying and cyberbullying: what works?
The National Day of Action Against Bullying and Violence on March 16 is both a good and bad thing, good in the sense that we continue to look at the issue, bad in that we still have to.
While it can be challenge getting kids to perform at school, for some the challenge is getting them there in the first place.
School refusal affects up to 5% of children and is a complex and stressful issue for the child, their family and school.
Giving schools more autonomy was supposed to promote a nimbler, more accountable system both academically and financially, and it has, but not without deficits in fairness, politically, culturally and economically.


A genetic defect in exportin-5 traps precursor microRNAs in the nucleus of cancer cells.
Melo SA, Moutinho C, Ropero S, Calin GA, Rossi S, Spizzo R, Fernandez AF, Davalos V, Villanueva A, Montoya G, Yamamoto H, Schwartz S Jr, Esteller M.
Cancer Cell. 2010 Oct 19;18(4):303-15.
Epigenetic modifications and human disease.
Negative impact of bone metastasis on outcome in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma treated with sunitinib.
Beuselinck B, Oudard S, Rixe O, Wolter P, Blesius A, Ayllon J, Elaidi R, Schöffski P, Barrascout E, Morel A, Escudier B, Lang H, Zucman-Rossi J, Medioni J.
Ann Oncol. 2010 Oct 11.
HCC - Medical treatment before and after liver transplantation.
HCC - Who should we transplant?
Metallothionein 1E is methylated in malignant melanoma and increases sensitivity to cisplatin-induced apoptosis.
Faller WJ, Rafferty M, Hegarty S, Gremel G, Ryan D, Fraga MF, Esteller M, Dervan PA, Gallagher WM.


The need for good business planning is as strong as ever, and the potential benefits are as important as ever. Every business owner ought to have a business plan. But the best strategies for business planning are different than they used to be.
With that in mind, I've identified eight pervasive myths that stand between you, the business owner, and the planning your business ought to have.
Not necessarily so. A business plan can take whatever form is most useful, even if that's just a few lists and tables.
It doesn't have to be. List your key strategy points and key tactics, and a few important major milestones (like deadlines, tasks, the new launch or new website, and necessary hires). Include projected sales, costs, expenses, and cash flow. Voila! You have a business plan.
>Well-run businesses use business planning the right way. They keep a simple, lean plan up-to-date and refreshed. The review and revise it monthly. In straw polls I've taken for years at management workshops, the best 20% or 30% of the companies represented have a management process that includes a lean business plan as well as regular reviews and revisions.
Smart startups use basic business planning to help them see starting costs, projected early sales and spending, cash flow, and key strategy points and milestones before they launch. Then, they review these monthly.
True, well-run startups generally use business planning to help figure out which steps they need to take, and which resources they need. But that doesn't mean mature businesses can't use business planning to constantly set milestones, strategy reminders, and forecasts. Mature businesses keep a business plan up-to-date, and review and refresh it often. The more a business grows, the more it can benefit from good business planning.
In the real world, a good business plan manages change. It isn't voided by change. You keep the plan current by making revisions as real events unfold.
It's like dribbling in basketball: if you plan to go a certain direction, and the other team blocks you, then you go a different way. Having a plan means that you'll have the information you need to make quicker, easier, and more natural revisions.
I read and review lots of business plans from mature businesses that don't include fancy market research. Business owners have to know their market, and taking a step back to review your market is a good idea. But with good planning process in a business, you can stay on top of your market. You don't need to include market research in every version of your business plan.
Only in special cases will you need market research to prove your market to outsiders. For example, startups looking for investment, or businesses applying for loans, might need market research. Mature businesses know their market and plan without the research requirement.
I was in an angel investment group for eight years. We didn't read business plans for all the proposals that came in. We rejected many on the basis of summaries alone. For those that interested us, we invited them to present their pitch decks. From there, we narrowed the list down further.
For those that remained, the business plan was a vital part of due diligence. And for all of them, they should have had their bare-bones business plans made before they wrote their summaries and pitch decks. Without the business plan, the pitch and the summary are like movies made without scripts. Ultimately, seeking investors without a plan doesn't work.
Does every business need a plan, strictly speaking? No. But every business would benefit from good business planning.
People, even experts, still say nobody needs a business plan, but only because they are locked into the decades-old mentality of the big business plan document. If we redefine the business plan the way it should be, as a flexible record of key strategy points, tactics, milestones, and essential numbers, then all those experts would agree with me – that every business deserves a business plan.
Tim Berry is a guest blogger for SBA, as well as founder and chairman of Palo Alto Software and bplans.com. He is an author of several books as well as the business plan software Business Plan Pro and www.liveplan.com.


The other day I saw a book about networking called "Coffee, Lunch, Coffee". I only read the title and I was already exhausted.
The problem with most "networking experts" is they focus on the wrong things.
The want you to build "weak ties" with people who can help you. Go to conferences, approach people with "loosely" prepared remarks, connect on LinkedIn, then schedule a coffee.
My goal isn't to have a bunch of LinkedIn connections or Facebook friends who I consider "weak ties". I want a group of people who I've contributed to in a deep and meaningful way.
Three months ago I started "un-networking" and my business and life have never been better. The focus of "un-networking" is not on building weak ties, the goal is to create strong ties. I couldn't believe how easy it was, not to mention how much better I felt doing it. I'll tell you why I started and some tips I've learned along the way.
It blew my 23-year-old mind. He went to a top 3 business school and wouldn't make the same choice again. I decided then I wasn't going to go back to school, I would start a business. That conversation and subsequent decision changed my life.
I can attribute most periods of growth in my life to individual conversations and interactions, like that one, with a small group of extraordinary people and advisors. I think of them as my "Inner Circle".
I believe everyone should have a group of extraordinary advisors in their life (even if your advisors don't necessarily know they're advising you). Having an "Inner Circle" makes life much easier. The good news is if you don't have one, you can build one by starting to "un-network".
These tips are loosely gathered from Joe Polish, who I'm sure gathered it from somewhere else.
Identify what makes them special. Are they incredible product designers? Can they turn $1 into $3 with paid ads? Do they have wisdom?
Figure out what specifically you can do to help them. If you feel there is nothing you can do to help them, you're being lazy. If you take the time you can figure out how to help anybody.
Do it and don't keep score. That means contribute without expectations. Let go of your ego.
Number 4 is the most important. Most things you do aren't going to come back your way. Other times they will come back 200%. That's the way un-networking works. You must fully commit to an abundance mindset and trust that by creating value for others, you'll be rewarded.
If you want to achieve at a high-level you need to get out of the favor-for-a-favor, dollar-for-a-dollar mindset and start thinking bigger. You must find other A-Players and contribute to them. This is how successful people get even more successful.
In the last 3 months, I've "achieved" more than in my previous year.
Spoke at one of the most prestigious marketing conferences in our industry.
All the while, my business has steadily grown and I've become less stressed out.
There are two reasons for this and the first one is simple. When you surround yourself with people smarter than you life gets much easier. Decisions that previously took months can be made after a phone call. The problems that plague a business at every stage become easy to solve, and eventually seem to disappear.
The second reason is that I forced myself into more uncomfortable situations.
About 4 months ago, I made two decisions that set me up for success. I hired a coach and I committed to following Taylor Pearson's Effective Entrepreneur planning system. Both of those choices have helped me become more effective. They have also been uncomfortable decisions.
It isn't easy to have someone looking over my shoulder keeping me accountable, but it makes me better.
If you are interested in stepping on the gas in your business I've got an opportunity for you. I'm currently looking for a "beta group" of five four more 7-8 figure ecommerce and SaaS entrepreneurs who want to commit to achieving more in the next 6 months than they have in last 2 years.
It's called The Profit Mastermind and it's for entrepreneurs who are committed to an abundance mindset and believe in the concept of "un-networking". It's going to be a small and exclusive group and if you're accepted I can promise you it will change your life.
What do you do to cultivate your "Inner Circle"?


There's been a lot of chat lately about the eighteen-year real estate clock.
So much so, that it appears to be turning into an accepted truth about housing market performance.
But is there really an eighteen-year clock?
The promoters of the eighteen-year cycle claim that Western economies exhibit an 18-year real estate cycle which averages out as 14 years up and 4 years down.
This is eagerly accepted by Australian property investors because if the cycle exists, it means that housing markets won't crash until fourteen years or more so have passed since the last crash during the Global Financial Crisis.
So, the cycle predicts that they will keep rising in price until at least 2022.
The proponents of this theory have studied the US housing market and according to their research, the Australian market closely follows the US.
There is no doubt that USA housing markets as well as those in much of the Western World crashed in 2008-2010 in what has become known as the Global Financial Crisis.
Eighteen years before that we had the "recession we had to have" in 1990 so there's the eighteen-year clock in action, they claim.
This is a classic case of believing what we want to believe, not what the facts tell us.
The theory is actually a myth, because housing prices in Australia did not crash around 1990 or 2008.
The graph below shows the aggregated Australian capital city annual house price changes since 1901 and the red arrows indicate the eighteen year intervals going back from the GFC when, according to the theory, each four-year period of price falls was supposed to have occurred.
The graph shows that there has only been one period when around fourteen years of price rises were followed by four years of price falls in our entire history as a nation – which w as during the postwar 1940s and 1950s.
Furthermore, the picture is more complex than the graph suggests, because one city may be booming while another is correcting, such as we see now where Darwin and Perth are falling in price, Adelaide and Brisbane have had low growth while Melbourne and Sydney have been booming for several years.
Our housing markets dance to different tunes from overseas markets – in some years economic recessions, financial crises and wars in other parts of the world encourage huge numbers of people to emigrate to our largest cities so that our market booms when those overseas are crashing.
At other times, we may have mining expansions, infrastructure projects or drought recovery which leads to housing market booms not related in any way to the performance of overseas housing markets.
Our nation is huge and diverse and there is nearly always a housing market boom occurring, or about to take place somewhere.
The graph also shows that periods of actual price falls in our capital cities are rare occurrences.
In the last fifty years, there have only been three years when prices fell slightly, and then they immediately recovered.
It's because continued population growth in our major capital cities causes a rising demand for housing which leads to a more or less constant shortage of supply.
This translates into price rises when housing finance is easy to obtain and cheap, or rent rises when housing finance is harder to obtain or interest rates are high.
It is the constantly changing relationship between these three housing demand dynamics which determines where and when housing prices or rents are likely to rise or fall.
Uninformed generalisations such as the eighteen-year real estate clock may offer hope to those who might otherwise expect an imminent crash in Sydney or Melbourne's housing market.
But, this hope is false, because the eighteen year real estate clock does not work in Australia.


text:
De gemeente Strzelce Wielkie is een landgemeente in het Poolse woiwodschap Łódź, in powiat Pajęczański.

De zetel van de gemeente is in Strzelce Wielkie.

Op 30 juni 2004 telde de gemeente 4927 inwoners.

Oppervlakte gegevens
In 2002 bedroeg de totale oppervlakte van gemeente Strzelce Wielkie 77,66 km², waarvan:

 agrarisch gebied: 82%
 bossen: 10%

De gemeente beslaat 9,66% van de totale oppervlakte van de powiat.

Demografie
Stand op 30 juni 2004:

In 2002 bedroeg het gemiddelde inkomen per inwoner 1191,83 zł.

Plaatsen
Adamów, Andrzejów, Antonina, Anusin, Błota Kruplińskie, Dębowiec Mały, Dębowiec Wielki, Dębowiec-Kolonia, Dwór, Folwark, Górki, Kontrewers, Madera, Magdalenka, Marzęcice, Michałów, Mrowisko, Piekary, Pieńki Dębowieckie, Pod Górkami, Pod Lasem, Pomiary, Praca, Sierociniec, Skąpa, Stara Wieś, Strzelce Wielkie, Strzelce Wielkie-Kolonia, Wiewiec, Wiewiec Poduchowny, Wistka, Wistka-Kolonia, Wola Jankowska, Wola Wiewiecka, Za Górą, Zamoście, Zamoście-Kolonia.

Aangrenzende gemeenten
Lgota Wielka, Ładzice, Nowa Brzeźnica, Pajęczno, Sulmierzyce

Gemeente in Łódź

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Comments: L-type calcium channel with high threshold of activation, inserted in distal dendrites, written by y poirazi 2000. From bianchi et al. (2012), model no. 143719, with no changes (identical mod file). Animal model from experiments in this paper, model originally for ca1 pyramidal neuron.


Our client is an e-commerce start-up company focusing at first on the Thai market, and with plans to grow its business in Vietnam and Malaysia in the next coming years. We are looking for a skilled HR Manager to oversee all aspects of Human Resources practices and processes. You will support business needs and ensure the proper implementation of company strategy and objectives.


Industry is very competitive and course of action ahead, each day is essential to the competitiveness shopping around. There are whole lot of businesses that are offering great experts and quality to items. It highly depends on the marketing systems worked on by the main companies, that makes associated with stand on top as well as what defines the peak position for them. Media is a sort among activity which has considerable importance to almost most of the companies. Printing is for instance a backbone of all online businesses. It helps them pace and stay alive in the world of corporate world.
Brochure printing is the best choice in disseminating the info to the target spectators so as to get considerably more company's sales. It's an effective way of doing a promoting and advertising activity. Brochure printing inside effective way can tether the company in raising their profits sky greater. UK has a very huge market on to the printing. affordable brochure prints by 55printing.com is very most popular in the British. Cheap brochure printing UK has a lot among effective popularity amongst corporations. The printing companies' derby and the screen-print companies Birmingham are slightly famous in the the web printing companies' field.
How to create sufficient and really informative literature comes under the conditions of all companies endeavoring to create an impression within potential customers. This fearfulness rises out of usually the concern to create exactly how of communicating with those who own. There are a few things that you should take care of despite making cheap printing literature through the online generating companies. The brochure require the right amount out of substance, content, so spend money on make it stay a customers hand bag or even their domain to prove to be exact.
Visuals are a really clean way to thrill the people, by means of good visuals is unquestionably the way to get in cheap brochure creating. The colors should have the right draw in them in superb manner. The travel magazine should be straightforward and should create the right information it all. It is best if the information shown on it is fast and precise. Additionally informative brochures don't interest the diners. Last but not the least, the guide should be to hand.


text:
Q: Trouble with accessing express.js helpers from dust.js template I am playing with the node-express-boilerplate project and trying to convert it to use dust.js templates. I have dust.js render simple views with Express@3.x and dustjs-linkedin, however am stuck on converting helpers to be used inside dust.js templates.
I redefined the code starting @ https://github.com/mape/node-express-boilerplate/blob/master/server.js:144
to conform with the new Express@3.x version (using https://github.com/visionmedia/express/wiki/Migrating-from-2.x-to-3.x as a guide), as such:
app.configure(function() {
   app.use(function(req, res, next) {
       res.locals.assetsCacheHashes = function(req, res) {
           return assetsMiddleware.cacheHashes;
       }
       res.locals.session = function(req, res) {
           return req.session;
       }
       res.locals.error = function(err, req, res, next) {

       // ...

       }
       next();
    });
});

I would assume that in dust.js template, I could use {session} to test the session or {assetsCacheHashes} to test and print them out, but that does not seem to be the case.
Any hints as to what I am doing incorrectly? Should I use dust.js helpers instead? If so, can someone suggest an example? Thanks!

A: I believe you are defining your locals incorrectly.
Try this:
res.locals.session = req.session;

{{session}}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Food baskets for fifth ward residents during the depression. This vantage point faces northwest towards ABC Storage at 3244 Main Street. A Monarch Storage truck is shown parked at the intersection of Main Street and Warner Plaza. Source: Bernard Ragan.


text:
Home » Timelines by Topic » Topics » Governance » Intelligence » 2001 Anthrax Attacks
2001 Anthrax Attacks
Anthrax Letters and Hoax Letters
Project: 2001 Anthrax Attacks
Open-Content project managed by Paul, KJF, paxvector
April 24, 1997: Fake Anthrax Received at B'nai B'rith DC Headquarters
A package containing a petri dish mislabeled "anthracks" is received at the B'nai B'rith headquarters in Washington, DC. The choice of B'nai B'rith may be meant to suggest Arab terrorists, because the building had once been the target of an assault by Muslim gunmen. The letter is signed, "The Counter Holocaust Lobbyists of Hillel," which is similar wording to a known Holocaust denier. The dish does not contain anthrax but does contain bacillus cereus, a very close, non-toxic cousin of anthrax used by the US Defense Department. There are similarities to the later real anthrax attacks (see October 5-November 21, 2001), such as misspelled words—"penacilin," in the case of the post-9/11 attacks. In July 2002, B'nai B'rith will say the FBI still has not asked it about this hoax anthrax attack. [New York Times, 8/13/2002; Vanity Fair, 9/15/2003]
Entity Tags: B'nai B'rith, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Category Tags: Anthrax Letters & Hoax Letters, Other Suspects, Fraudulent Anthrax Attacks
Late 2000 and August 2001: Hoax Letters Possibly Related to Anthrax Attacks Sent to Fox News Commentators
A series of hoax anthrax letters are sent to Fox News commentators Bill O'Reilly and Sean Hannity. Hannity will later say he began receiving the letters in the winter of 2000 and then a second batch in August 2001. Most of them were sent from a postmark in Indianapolis, Indiana, but "one or two were from Trenton," New Jersey, where the deadly anthrax letters will be sent from shortly after the 9/11 attacks. The FBI will later allow the New York Post to see copies of these letters, which have block handwriting sloping down to the right and other features remarkably similar to the later letters containing real anthrax. Hannity will later say: "When I saw the Tom Daschle envelope and the Tom Brokaw envelope, I immediately was stunned. It was the exact same handwriting that I had recognized.… When I saw it I said, 'Oh my God, that's the same guy.'" [New York Post, 11/1/2001; NewsMax, 11/1/2001] The letters have yet to be made public.
Entity Tags: Sean Hannity, Bill O'Reilly, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Category Tags: Anthrax Letters & Hoax Letters, Fraudulent Anthrax Attacks
(September 4, 2001): Possible Hoax Anthrax Letter Received at Office of Florida Tabloid
A bizarre love letter to Jennifer Lopez is received by The Sun, a tabloid newspaper with offices in Florida. The letter contains an empty can of chewing tobacco, a small detergent carton, a cigar tube with a cheap cigar, a cheap Star of David charm, and a folded handwritten letter to Jennifer Lopez with a pile of what looks like talcum powder in the middle of it. The writer describes his love for Lopez and asks her to marry him. The letter is handled both by Ernesto Blanco, who later contracts anthrax, and Bob Stevens, who later dies of anthrax. It is unknown what the return address is or what date the letter is postmarked, since its importance is only realized after it has been thrown away and people start getting sick. As a result, the FBI is never able to analyze it. [Newsweek, 10/8/2001; National Inquirer, 10/31/2001] However, others exposed to the letter, including Bobby Bender, the person who actually opens it, do not get sick later. [National Inquirer, 10/31/2001] Furthermore, the floor where the letter is opened and passed around will later turn out to be the least infected floor of the building, suggesting that the letter contained no real anthrax. But while the mail room in the basement is the most heavily infected part of the building, no other letter will be found that caused the infections there. [Center for Disease Control, 10/2002]
Entity Tags: Ernesto Blanco, Bob Stevens, Jennifer Lopez, Bobby Bender
Category Tags: Fraudulent Anthrax Attacks, Real Anthrax Attacks, Anthrax Letters & Hoax Letters
September 17-18, 2001: First Wave of Anthrax Attacks Targets ABC, NBC, CBS, New York Post, and National Enquirer
The contents of the anthrax letter addressed to Tom Brokaw. [Source: FBI]A letter addressed to news anchor Tom Brokaw at NBC News is mailed from Princeton, New Jersey. It is postmarked September 18, 2001, which means it is dropped into a mailbox either some time after 5 p.m. on September 17 or some time before 5 p.m. on September 18. The letter contains deadly anthrax spores and a short message in slanting block letters:
THIS IS NEXT
TAKE PENACILIN NOW
ALLAH IS GREAT
There is no return address and the word penicillin is misspelled. The letter is opened on October 12, turned over to the FBI the same day, and tests positive for anthrax the next day. Several days later, an employee at the New York Post is diagnosed with cutaneous anthrax. An unopened letter is found at the Post's editorial office, addressed to "Editor." It also is found to contain real anthrax and the exact same message as the Brokaw letter, and was postmarked on the same day and from the same location. That same week, an employee at CBS News and the infant son of an ABC News employee are diagnosed with anthrax infections, but no letters are found in their New York offices. It is presumed those letters are mailed with the other two, but are thrown away. Also, several employees at a Florida building containing the offices of the Sun, a tabloid, get sick with anthrax infections. However, no letter is found there either. The victims at the Sun suffer from the more deadly inhalation anthrax instead of cutaneous anthrax, suggesting that letter could be sent separately. That letter appears to be directed at the National Enquirer, another tabloid owned by the same company as the Sun, but was redirected to the Sun due to a recent relocation of the Enquirer's offices. [New York Times, 12/5/2001; Vanity Fair, 9/15/2003] A second wave of anthrax letters follows in early October (see October 6-9, 2001).
Entity Tags: CBS News, New York Post, NBC News, National Enquirer, Tom Brokaw, ABC News
Category Tags: Anthrax Letters & Hoax Letters, Real Anthrax Attacks
September 20-October 15, 2001: Hoax Anthrax Letters from St. Petersburg Initially Thought to Be Real
On September 20, 2001, a letter purporting to contain anthrax is postmarked in St. Petersburg and addressed to NBC News anchor Tom Brokaw. On September 25, Erin O'Connor, an assistant to Brokaw, gets sick with cutaneous anthrax. During the first days of the anthrax investigation in early October, it will be assumed that O'Connor got sick from the St. Petersburg letter. A brief handwritten note is found in the letter with some powder. The note threatened biological attacks on New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, and Washington, DC. The letter contains misspelled phrase "THE UNTHINKABEL" with the Ns reversed. On October 5, two more letters are sent from St. Petersburg that resemble to earlier letter to Brokaw. For instance, it is written in the same capitalized, blocked letters, the Ns are reversed, there are similar biological threats made, and there is a powdery substance inside. One of the letters is sent to New York Times reporter Judith Miller, who is a co-author of Germs: Biological Weapons and America's Secret War, a book published just days earlier. The other letter is to Howard Troxler, a columnist for the St. Petersburg Times. Troxler opened his letter on October 9 and Miller opened hers on October 12. But laboratory analysis soon determines that the powder in all three of the St. Petersburg letters is non-toxic. Furthermore, it is learned that a different letter containing real anthrax was sent to Tom Brokaw, explaining O'Connor's infection. [Vanity Fair, 9/15/2003]
Entity Tags: Erin O'Connor, Judith Miller, Tom Brokaw, Howard Troxler
September 22-October 2, 2001: Some People Get Sick from Anthrax, but Are Not Properly Diagnosed
On September 22, 2001, an employee at the New York Post gets a blister on her finger. She will later test positive for cutaneous anthrax. Six others get sick from anthrax on September 26, 27, and 28, and October 1, including an assistant to NBC News anchor Tom Brokaw. But most of these cases their only visible symptoms are minor skin lesions. None of these cases are seen as anthrax infections at the time. On September 30, Robert Stevens, an employee at the tabloid The Sun, starts to feel ill. He will later die of the more serious inhalation anthrax (see October 4, 2001 and Shortly Afterwards and October 3, 2001). Only in the days right after his death will these earlier cases be properly diagnosed and linked to the anthrax letters. [South Florida Sun-Sentinel, 12/8/2001]
Entity Tags: Bob Stevens
Category Tags: Anthrax Letters & Hoax Letters, Other Entries
September 26, 2001: Letter Sent that Seems to Set Up Egyptian-American Scientist as Patsy for Upcoming Anthrax Attacks
A letter postmarked September 26, 2001 is sent to the FBI that seems to blame scientist Ayaad Assaad for the upcoming anthrax attacks. Assaad is an Egyptian-American. The letter is sent days after the first anthrax-laced letters were sent out (see September 17-18, 2001), but days before the first media reports of any anthrax-related illnesses (see October 4, 2001 and Shortly Afterwards). The letter will be received by the FBI on October 2 (see October 2, 2001). [Associated Press, 5/16/2004]
Entity Tags: Ayaad Assaad
Category Tags: Author of Ayaad Assaad Letter, Anthrax Letters & Hoax Letters
October 2, 2001: Letter Calling Muslim Scientist Potential Biological Warfare Terrorist Arrives Days before First Signs of Anthrax Attacks
Ayaad Assaad. [Source: Salon]Three days before the anthrax attacks are first made public, a letter is received by the FBI in Quantico, Virginia, warning that Dr. Ayaad Assaad, employed until 1997 (see May 9, 1997) as an anthrax researcher at USAMRIID, the US Army's top bioweapons laboratory at Fort Detrick, Maryland, is a "'a potential terrorist,' with a grudge against the United States and the knowledge to wage biological warfare against his adopted country." This is the latest in a series of verbal attacks against Assaad since the early 1990s, which includes anonymous, long hateful and derogatory poems about him (see 1991-1992). The author of the letter says he is a former colleague of Assaad. The letter seems like a not-very-subtle attempt to frame Assaad for the anthrax attacks about to come. The letter strongly suggests the attacks could have been by someone at USAMRIID with a long time grudge against Assaad. [Hartford Courant, 12/9/2001; Salon, 1/26/2002] The FBI questions Assaad about the letter one day later (see October 3, 2001).
Entity Tags: Ayaad Assaad, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Category Tags: Author of Ayaad Assaad Letter, Anthrax Letters & Hoax Letters, FBI Investigation, USAMRIID
October 3, 2001: First Confirmed Case of Anthrax Infection; Victim Dies Two Days Later
On October 2, 2001, Robert Stevens, a photo editor at the tabloid The Sun, arrived at a Florida hospital with a 102-degree fever and vomiting. He quickly got worse. The next day, doctors determine he has been infected with anthrax. He is put on a respirator. On October 4, Florida doctors and officials hold a press conference to confirm that a patient has anthrax, but that they believe it is an isolated case. On October 5, Stevens is pronounced dead, becoming the first person in the US to die from anthrax since 1976. One of Stevens's coworkers, Ernesto Blanco, has been hospitalized with pneumonia since October 1, but it will not be discovered that Blanco also has anthrax until shortly after Stevens's death. [South Florida Sun-Sentinel, 12/8/2001] Health and Human Services Director Tommy Thompson tells reporters that the Stevens infection is "an isolated case" that is "not contagious." Thompson reassures the public, "There is no terrorism" involved in Stevens's infection. He also asserts that Stevens was infected from an environmental source, saying, "We do know that he drank water out of a stream when he was traveling to North Carolina last week." It is unclear whether Thompson is misinformed or being deliberately deceptive. [Daily Telegraph, 10/5/2001; Rich, 2006, pp. 34]
Entity Tags: US Department of Health and Human Services, Tommy G. Thompson, Bob Stevens, Ernesto Blanco
Category Tags: Anthrax Letters & Hoax Letters, Other Entries, Real Anthrax Attacks
October 3, 2001: FBI Interviews Possible Anthrax Attacks Patsy Assaad
Scientist Ayaad Assaad is interviewed by the FBI. Just one day before, the FBI received a letter that was mailed to an FBI office on September 26 (see September 26, 2001) and seems to point the blame for the upcoming anthrax attacks at Assaad. He is living in Washington, DC, at the time, and is interviewed by FBI agents Mark Buie and Gregory Leylegian at the FBI's Washington field office. His lawyer, Rosemary McDermott, is also present. The agents read him the entire letter aloud and briefly show it to him, but will not allow him to make a copy of it.
The one page, single-spaced letter says "Dr. Assaad is a potential biological terrorist," and he is planning to mount a biological attack against the US. It adds he has the "means and will" to succeed.
It continues, "I have worked with Dr. Assaad, and I heard him say that he has a vendetta against the US government and that if anything happens to him, he told his sons to carry on."
Assaad worked at USAMRIID, the US Army's top bioweapon laboratory, until he was laid off in 1997, and the letter gives accurate details about Assaad's security clearances when he worked there.
Since 1997, Assaad has worked at the Environmental Protection Agency, and the letter gives accurate details about his job there as well.
The letter mentions slightly inaccurate details about Assaad's commute from his home in Frederick, Maryland, to his EPA job in Virginia.
It states that Assaad is a "religious fanatic." (Assaad is a Christian but many assume he is Muslim due to his Egyptian ancestry.) [Washington Times, 2/26/2002; Philadelphia Inquirer, 2/28/2002; Hartford Courant, 2/17/2004]
It makes reference to "further terrorist activity" by Assaad without mentioning what his supposed previous terrorist activity was. [Vanity Fair, 9/15/2003]
The letter is not signed.
Several days later, after the anthrax attacks are made public, Assaad contacts the FBI and gives a list of the former co-workers he suspects could have been behind the letter. It is not clear if the FBI does anything with this however, as they rebuff his repeated attempts to be interviewed. Despite the obvious potential connection to the anthrax attacks, which first become known two days after this interview, the FBI will not interview Assaad again on the matter until May 2004 (see May 11, 2004). [Washington Times, 2/26/2002; Philadelphia Inquirer, 2/28/2002]
Entity Tags: Mark Buie, Gregory Leylegian, Ayaad Assaad, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Category Tags: Author of Ayaad Assaad Letter, FBI Investigation, Anthrax Letters & Hoax Letters
October 4, 2001 and Shortly Afterwards: First Case of Anthrax Reported in the Media, Causing National Panic
Robert Stevens. [Source: Associated Press]The first case of anthrax infection, of Robert Stevens in Florida, is reported in the media (see October 3, 2001). Letters containing anthrax will continue to be received until October 19. After many false alarms, it turns out that only a relatively small number of letters contain real anthrax (see October 5-November 21, 2001). [South Florida Sun-Sentinel, 12/8/2001] In 2004, Washington Post columnist Richard Cohen will recall how a widespread sense of panic spread across the US over the next few weeks, as millions felt the anthrax could target them next. He will write, "People made anthrax-safe rooms, and one woman I know of had a mask made for her small dog. I still don't know if that was a touching gesture or just plain madness." He says, "The [9/11] terrorist attacks coupled with the anthrax scare unhinged us a bit—or maybe more than a bit." But he will also mention that the panic quickly passed and was largely forgotten by most people. [Washington Post, 7/22/2004] Columnist Glenn Greenwald will later comment in Salon, "After 9/11 itself, the anthrax attacks were probably the most consequential event of the Bush presidency. One could make a persuasive case that they were actually more consequential. The 9/11 attacks were obviously traumatic for the country, but in the absence of the anthrax attacks, 9/11 could easily have been perceived as a single, isolated event. It was really the anthrax letters—with the first one sent on September 18, just one week after 9/11—that severely ratcheted up the fear levels and created the climate that would dominate in this country for the next several years after. It was anthrax… that created the impression that social order itself was genuinely threatened by Islamic radicalism." [Salon, 8/1/2008]
Entity Tags: Tom Daschle, Patrick J. Leahy, NBC, Glenn Greenwald, New York Post, Richard Cohen
October 5-November 21, 2001: Anthrax Letters Kill Five, Heighten Terrorist Attack Fears
The five fatal victims of the anthrax attacks, from to right: Josep Curseen Jr., Thomas Morris, Ottilie Lundgren, Robert Stevens, and Kathy Nguyen. [Source: Reuters and Associated Press] (click image to enlarge)Two waves of letters containing anthrax are received by media outlets including NBC and the New York Post (see September 17-18, 2001), and Democratic senators Tom Daschle and Patrick Leahy (see October 6-9, 2001). The letters sent to the senators both contain the words "Death to America, Death to Israel, Allah is Great." Five people die:
October 5: Robert Stevens, 63, an employee at the Sun, a tabloid based in Florida.
October 21: Thomas Morris Jr., 55, a postal worker in Washington, DC.
October 22: Joseph Curseen Jr., 47, a postal worker in Washington, DC.
October 31: Kathy Nguyen, 61, a hospital employee in New York City.
November 21: Ottilie Lundgren, 94, of Oxford, Connecticut.
At least 22 more people get sick but survive. Thirty-one others test positive for exposure. As a result of these deaths and injuries, panic sweeps the nation. On October 16, the Senate office buildings are shut down, followed by the House of Representatives, after 28 congressional staffers test positive for exposure to anthrax (see October 16-17, 2001). A number of hoax letters containing harmless powder turn up, spreading the panic further. [South Florida Sun-Sentinel, 12/8/2001; Associated Press, 8/7/2008] Initially it is suspected that either al-Qaeda or Iraq are behind the anthrax letters (see October 14, 2001, October 15, 2001, October 17, 2001, and October 18, 2001). [Observer, 10/14/2001; BBC, 10/16/2001] However, by November, further investigation leads the US government to conclude that, "everything seems to lean toward a domestic source.… Nothing seems to fit with an overseas terrorist type operation (see November 10, 2001)." [Washington Post, 10/27/2001; St. Petersburg Times, 11/10/2001]
Entity Tags: Iraq, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Patrick J. Leahy, Tom Daschle, Al-Qaeda
Category Tags: Anthrax Letters & Hoax Letters, FBI Investigation, Real Anthrax Attacks
October 6-9, 2001: Second Wave of Anthrax Attacks Targets Senators Daschle and Leahy
The message of the anthrax letter addressed to Tom Daschle. [Source: FBI]On October 9, two letters containing deadly anthrax spores are postmarked. One letter is sent to Senator Tom Daschle (D-SD) and the other is sent to Senator Patrick Leahy (D-VT). The letters are sent from a mailbox in Trenton, New Jersey. They could be sent any time after 5 p.m. on October 6 (the last pick up on the day, a Saturday), and before 5 p.m. on October 9. (There is no pickup on October 7, a Sunday, and October 8 is Columbus Day.) The letter to Daschle is opened by one of his staffers on October 15 (see October 15, 2001). It contains the message:
YOU CAN NOT STOP US.
WE HAVE THIS ANTHRAX.
YOU DIE NOW.
ARE YOU AFRAID?
DEATH TO AMERICA.
DEATH TO ISRAEL.
ALLAH IS GREAT.
The writing is the same slanted, block style used in the earlier wave of anthrax letters (see September 17-18, 2001), and the content of the message is very similar. The letter to Leahy is mis-routed and not discovered until mid-November (see October 15, 2001). It contains the exact same message. Unlike the earlier wave of letters, both of these letters contain return addresses, but to bogus addresses in other New Jersey towns. The anthrax in the letters is also deadlier than the anthrax in the earlier letters. [Vanity Fair, 9/15/2003]
Entity Tags: Patrick J. Leahy, Tom Daschle
Category Tags: Anthrax Letters & Hoax Letters, Patriot Act, Real Anthrax Attacks
October 15, 2001: Two Democratic Senators Targets of Anthrax Attacks
The envelope to the Tom Daschle letter. [Source: FBI]Two Democratic senators are targets of the 2001 anthrax attacks (see October 5-November 21, 2001). On this day, Senator Tom Daschle's office opens a letter mailed October 9, containing a lethal dose of anthrax (see October 6-9, 2001). A similar letter to Senator Patrick Leahy mailed the same day and from the same location is misrouted to Virginia on October 12, and is not discovered until November 17. Neither Leahy nor Daschle come into contact with the anthrax, but some of Daschle's staffers do. [South Florida Sun-Sentinel, 12/8/2001]
Entity Tags: P. Patrick Leahy, Tom Daschle
October 16-17, 2001: 28 Congressional Staffers Test Positive for Anthrax
Twenty-eight congressional staffers test positive for anthrax. The Senate office buildings are shut down, followed by the House of Representatives. [South Florida Sun-Sentinel, 12/8/2001] None of the staffers are killed by the anthrax attacks (see October 5-November 21, 2001).
Mid-November 2001: Harmless Second Anthrax Letter Sent to Sen. Daschle, Increasing Attention on Suspect Hatfill
In mid-November 2001, a second anthrax letter appears in Senator Tom Daschle's office. According to a later Washington Post article, "This [letter] had passed through irradiation equipment to kill anthrax spores, and the powdery material packed in the envelope tested benign." Details about the letter are scanty, but it is known that it is postmarked in mid-November from London. The white powder apparently is harmless talc. The letter contains similar language to the real anthrax letters, except the phrase "Stop the bombing" is added. Scientist Steven Hatfill, who is already starting to come under suspicion for the anthrax attacks (see Late 2001), is in Britain at the time, attending a specialized training course to become a UN weapons inspector in Iraq. The course takes place about 70 miles from London. This increases suspicions on Hatfill and the FBI asks British police to help retrace his every move. But it is never shown that he had anything to do with the letter. It is unknown if the letter contains any writing or other clues that would match the deadly anthrax letters. [Associated Press, 1/4/2002; Washington Post, 9/14/2003]
Entity Tags: Steven Hatfill, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Category Tags: Steven Hatfill, Anthrax Letters & Hoax Letters, FBI Investigation, Fraudulent Anthrax Attacks
August 20, 2002: Inmate Sends Letter Purporting to Contain Anthrax to Connecticut State Attorney's Office
The envelope mailed to the Connecticut State Attorney's Office. [Source: FBI]The Connecticut State Attorney's Office receives a threatening letter containing a white powdery substance. The letter, addressed to US Attorney John A. Danaher, mentions anthrax, and references Osama bin Laden. Laboratory analysis will confirm that the white powder does not contain anthrax or any other toxins. The office will be closed for two days. The letter is later found to have been mailed from a prison in Cheshire, Connecticut, and the mailer is soon identified as inmate Noel Davila. Davila will confess to preparing and mailing the letter. He will be convicted of threatening to use weapons of mass destruction, and will be sentenced to 35 years in prison. [Associated Press, 9/23/2002; Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2009]
Entity Tags: Osama bin Laden, Noel Davila, John A. Danaher
Category Tags: Fraudulent Anthrax Attacks, Anthrax Letters & Hoax Letters
February 2, 2004: Real Ricin Poison Found in Sen. Frist's Mailroom, Case Remains Unresolved
On February 2, 2004, the deadly toxin ricin is detected on an automatic mail sorter in the Senate office building mailroom that serves the office of Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist (R-TN). Subsequent tests confirm the substance is ricin. No one gets ill. Some buildings are closed, but Senate business continues as usual. It is presumed that the ricin arrived in a letter, but the letter is not found, leaving few clues. [CNN, 2/4/2004] About two months later, it is reported that laboratories are continuing to analyze the ricin in an attempt to determine where it came from, but no suspects or likely motives have been identified. In October 2004, two letters were intercepted in South Carolina and Tennessee containing real ricin. Letters were found with the ricin objecting to new rules for truckers. One letter was intended to go to the Department of Transportation and another to the White House. But it is unknown if there is any connection between those letters and the ricin in Frist's office, although Frist represents Tennessee. It is also unknown if there is any connection to the 2001 anthrax attacks (see October 5-November 21, 2001). According to the Associated Press, "Unlike anthrax spores, ricin requires little scientific training to engineer and is not nearly as dangerous to handle." [Associated Press, 3/31/2005]
Entity Tags: Bill Frist
Category Tags: Anthrax Letters & Hoax Letters, FBI Investigation
February 15, 2011: FBI-Funded Anthrax Science Review Does Not Find Conclusive Link to Ivins
The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) finds that the source of the anthrax involved in the 2001 attacks was not established by the FBI's science. This conclusion is in contrast to that of the Justice Department and the FBI, which have asserted unequivocally that RMR-1029, an anthrax flask linked to USAMRIID vaccine researcher and deceased alleged anthrax-killer Bruce Ivins, was the source of the anthrax used in the attacks. The NAS was contracted by the FBI in 2009, for nearly $880,000, to review the science underlying the FBI's investigation. The NAS council did not review other types of evidence assembled by the FBI, did not have access to classified materials, and did not do its own research. In its report, it makes no judgments regarding the guilt or innocence of any parties, or judgments about the FBI's conclusion that Ivins was the sole perpetrator. [Associated Press, 5/9/2009; Justice, 2/19/2010, pp. 28 PDF ; National Academy of Sciences, 2/15/2011; McClatchy-ProPublica-PBS Frontline, 10/11/2011] The primary conclusion of the NAS is that "it is not possible to reach a definitive conclusion about the origins of the anthrax… based solely on the available scientific evidence." The NAS says there were "genetic similarities" between the samples from the letters and RMR-1029, but that "other possible explanations for the similarities—such as independent, parallel evolution—were not definitively explored during the investigation," and "the data did not rule out other possible sources." The NAS agrees with the FBI that "RMR-1029… was not the immediate source of spores used in the letters," and that "one or more derivative growth steps would have been required to produce the anthrax in the attack letters." The NAS says the FBI did correctly identify the anthrax as Ames strain. It also agrees with the FBI that there was no evidence that the silicon present in the samples had been added in order to weaponize the anthrax, but says that, based on the information made available to it, "one cannot rule out the intentional addition of a silicon-based substance to the New York Post letter, in a failed attempt to enhance dispersion." Silicon had not been present in the anthrax in RMR-1029 and it is not a normal part of anthrax spores, though it may be incorporated if it is present in its environment as the spores develop. The reason for the presence of silicon (up to 10 percent by bulk mass in the New York Post sample, though this differed with the amount measured in the spores), as well as other elements such as tin, remains unresolved. [National Academy of Sciences, 2/15/2011] At a NAS press conference accompanying the report's release, questions are raised regarding the amount of time needed to prepare the anthrax. Committee Chair Alice P. Gast responds, "There's a lack of certainty in the time and effort it would take to make [the powders]… the FBI has not determined what method was used to create the powders." In some situations several months might be required, but, according to Vice Chair David A. Relman, it would have been possible to complete the work in as little as two days. Regarding the low end of the estimate, Relman says: "There are a number of factors that would have to go into that calculation, including the skill set of the person or persons involved, the equipment and resources available, and the procedures and process selected. And, on that last point, that low end would rely upon the use of batch fermentation methods—liquid cultivation methods—which are available in a number of locations." Co-workers of Ivins and other experts previously expressed doubts that Ivins had the skill, equipment, or opportunity to prepare the anthrax used, let alone do so in as short a time as the FBI has alleged (see August 1-10, 2008, August 3-18, 2008, August 5, 2008, August 9, 2008 and April 22, 2010). [National Academy of Sciences, 2/15/2011; ProPublica, 2/15/2011] In response to the NAS report, the FBI says in a press release that it was not the science alone that led it to conclude that Ivins was the sole perpetrator: "The FBI has long maintained that while science played a significant role, it was the totality of the investigative process that determined the outcome of the anthrax case. The scientific findings in this case provided investigators with valuable investigative leads that led to the identification of the late Dr. Bruce Ivins as the perpetrator of the anthrax attacks." [Department of Justice, 2/15/2011] The FBI has claimed to have identified, and eliminated as suspects, 419 people at Fort Detrick and other locations, who either had access to the lab where Ivins worked or received samples from RMR-1029. However, the NAS finding that RMR-1029 has not been conclusively identified as the anthrax source indicates the pool of suspects may be wider than just those with links to RMR-1029. The NAS press release notes that, in October 2010, a draft version of the NAS report underwent a "required FBI security review," and following that the FBI asked to submit materials to NAS that it had not previously provided. The NAS says: "Included in the new materials were results of analyses performed on environmental samples collected from an overseas site. Those analyses yielded inconsistent evidence of the Ames strain of B. anthracis in some samples. The committee recommends further review of the investigation of overseas environmental samples and of classified investigations carried out by the FBI and Department of Justice." [National Academy of Sciences, 2/15/2011]
Entity Tags: FBI Headquarters, Dugway Proving Ground, National Academy of Sciences, Battelle Memorial Institute, "Justice Department", Bruce Ivins, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases
Category Tags: Real Anthrax Attacks, Battelle Memorial Institute, Dugway Proving Ground, USAMRIID, Anthrax Letters & Hoax Letters, FBI Investigation, US Military Bioweapons, Bruce Ivins
Actual Anthrax Attacks
Fraudulent Anthrax Attacks (6)Real Anthrax Attacks (11)
Battelle Memorial Institute (7)Dugway Proving Ground (9)USAMRIID (44)
Anthrax Letters & Hoax Letters (19)Cipro / Bayer (7)FBI Investigation (126)Patriot Act (8)US Military Bioweapons (15)Other Entries (10)
Al-Qaeda (13)Author of Ayaad Assaad Letter (11)Bruce Ivins (64)Iraq (20)Steven Hatfill (46)Other Suspects (14)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Pompeo blames Iran for attack on tankers in Gulf of Oman
© AFP / TASNIM News
US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo has said Washington believes Iran is behind the attack on two oil tankers in Gulf of Oman. He believes Tehran wants to end "successful maximum pressure campaign" of Washington's sanctions.
"This is only the latest in the series of attacks instigated by the Republic of Iran and its surrogates against American allies and interests. They should be understood in the context of four years of unprovoked aggression against freedom-loving nations," Pompeo said.
Earlier on Thursday, two oil tankers, identified as Marshall Islands-flagged Front Altair and the Panama-flagged Kokuka Courageous, were rocked by explosions in the Gulf of Oman. There's so far little information on what actually happened, but one of the vessels was reportedly hit by a torpedo. Iran said it had rescued 44 sailors from the distressed tankers and called the incident "suspicious."
Also on rt.com 'Suspicious doesn't begin to describe what happened': Iran's FM on tanker 'attacks' in Gulf of Oman
Pompeo didn't provide any proof for his claims, but reminded reporters that back in April Iran threatened to interrupt the flow of oil through the Strait of Hormuz.
He listed a series of incidents in the Middle East, including the attack on tanker ships at port in the United Arab Emirates, that US has blamed on Iran. There has been no proof offered by the US that Tehran is behind the attacks, and Iran denies any involvement.
Pompeo, however, claimed that Tehran was "lashing out" at Washington's "successful maximum pressure campaign" which has consisted of several layers of sanctions.
No economic sanctions entitle the Islamic Republic to attack innocent civilians.
US ambassador to the UN Jonathan Cohen has been instructed to bring up "Iran's attacks" in the UN Security Council session on Thursday afternoon.
In recent months, Washington has stepped up the pressure on the Islamic Republic to renegotiate the nuclear deal signed in 2015 between world powers, but unilaterally scrapped by the Trump administration last May. So far, Iran has indicated no willingness to do so, arguing the US must stick to the deal it signed in 2015.
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Richard was a student-athlete for 4 seasons as a football player. During his years as a student-athlete, Richard worked for Acadia's Events Managment sector.
With a knowledge of the Acadia's campus and the management of events hosted on campus, Richard was hired under contract to manage Acadia's Athletic Complex and assist with the Operations aspect of Athletic Events.
Richard brings a great practical knowledge of the facility and its function along with his background in event management.
His duties include managing a facility that is the most widely used building on the Acadia campus along with leading the event setup and tear donw of over 60 home games and championships hosted by the Department of Athletics.


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Visionet Systems India's free youth skills program 'Unnati for India' to address financial skill gaps in the BFSI sector
'Unnati for India', a fast-growing free-skilling programme launched by Visionet Systems India, has reached a new milestone by extending its scope to the Financial and Accounting (F&A) Sector. It will provide them with technical training in AI, ML, automation, intelligent document processing, etc.
In May 2020, Visionet Systems India, a premier digital technology solutions company, had launched a free skilling program, 'Unnati for India' to transform raw talent into a future-ready, employable workforce, adept in loan processing, customer support, loan divisioning, data analytics, cloud automation, etc. The project aims at employing 1,00,000 youth over a period of 5 years. This initiative is the brainchild of Mr. Alok Bansal, MD Visionet Systems India and Global Head of BFSI Business.
Mr. Bansal says, "This new skilling program has been designed to meet the needs of companies in the arenas of Finance & Accounting. We welcome any diploma holder or graduate to join and learn the BPS practices of F&A including how to decode the complexities of account receivables, account payables and processes like 'order to cash', 'record to report', etc."
The idea he says is to teach young people how to provide expertise that is needed in real time, especially when more and more companies are outsourcing their F&A services. Outsourcing, says Alok, also increases operational flexibility, reduces costs and augments the efficiency of business processes, and in this recession-proof space, employment opportunities are plentiful.
Alok cites a March 2022 report by a leading financial outsourcing firm, Quatrro Business Support Services Inc., according to which the global financial and accounting market is expected to grow at 5.9% CAGR and may be valued at $53.4 billion by 2026.
Alok adds, "There is an increasing demand for BFSI professionals in Tier 1 and 2 cities, and recruiters are looking for candidates proficient in new age skills. In the F&A space, there are skill gaps and companies are looking for managers, business analysts, specialists and employees proficient in Artificial Intelligence (AI), advanced analytics and more."
Post the pandemic, he says, companies can no longer put off digital acceleration and job aspirants have to keep up with Robotic Process Automation (RPA), Intelligent Document Processing (IDP), cloud migration and assorted technologies that help to retrieve and gather more accurate and efficient data, improve productivity, simplify workflows and perform tasks more quickly.
Right now, Visionet is busy fine tuning the modules by upskilling 100 of their employees and Alok informs, "Once we lock the modalities of training and skill dispersion, and the pilot program becomes a success, we will formally launch it. We will consider upskilling more employees within the company and also absorb as many freshly skilled trainees as possible."
About Visionet Systems, Inc.
Visionet Systems, Inc. is a premier information technology, consulting, and business process management company that delivers solutions to enable its clients to do business better. Visionet delivers winning business outcomes through its deep industry experience and a holistic view of Business through Technology. By combining digital strategy, customer-centric design and advanced analytics, Visionet helps its clients create successful and adaptive businesses in banking, retail, insurance, distribution, and manufacturing. A company recognized globally for its comprehensive portfolio of services, a solid commitment to sustainability and good corporate citizenship, Visionet has a dedicated workforce of over 7000, with its presence in ten countries across four continents.
Visionet Systems India
Magnit and WeAce Partner to Host One-of-a-kind Hackathon Hiring Drive
WeAce, a women-first platform on a mission to balance workplaces through skilling, mentoring and career solutions, is pleased to announce the success of its strategic partnership ...
Crave InfoTech launches white paper on SAP BTP as an intelligent platform
Crave InfoTech has launched a white paper on SAP Business Technology Platform (BTP) titled 'Future of platform-driven intelligent enterprise computing' which uncovers the top benefits of an ...


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Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 (MH17)
On July 17, 2014, the Boeing 777-200 aircraft operated by Malaysia Airlines as Flight 17 from Amsterdam, Netherlands to Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia was tragically shot down while flying over Donetsk, Ukraine killing all 298 (283 passengers and 15 crew members) persons on board. An explanation as to why the aircraft was flying over the dangerous airspace has not been provided, specifically why the airline decided to take the route over Ukraine which other airlines had purposefully avoided despite its economic advantage. Armed conflict was in progress in Ukraine and lower levels of airspace were restricted for commercial aircraft. While the aircraft was flying over Eastern Ukraine, a missile was fired directly at the aircraft despite the aircraft being above the restricted airspace. Due to the explosion of the missile, the aircraft broke apart and crashed.


You are visiting the placeholder page for Doug Butters. This page is here because someone used our placeholder utility to look for Doug Butters. We created this page automatically in hopes Doug Butters would find it. If you are not Doug Butters, but are an alumni of Sky View High School Smithfield, UT, register on this site for free now.


Following code is solving n queen problem with c++ using backtracking. I saw other people solution they are very short like 20 to 30 lines. Is there way improve following code?
// * Ends when row is 0 and col is n!
Welcome to Code Review. This post is a mixture between review, remarks, tutorial and general guidelines. Overall, your code has two complexity issues: space complexity due to types (see "Tip: Use implicit data") and algorithmic complexity due to algorithms (see "Diagonals"). Several of your references should be const (see "Tip: Use const Type& if you don't want to change the argument"), and some of your names could be chosen better.
Every section of this post should be readable on its own, however, some code uses declarations and types written in earlier examples, so keep that in mind.
When we use a backtracking algorithm, a stack is usually used throughout its execution. In programming languages that provide function calls, there is always an implicit stack present: the function call stack. We have a caller and a callee. The caller calls the callee, and at some point, the callee either returns and hands control back to the caller, or the callee terminates the program.
Why is this important? Because it provides a tool for backtracking problems with limited depth: instead of an explicit stack, we can use the implicit one. So if you were to solve the N-queens problem for a limited \$N\$, the use of the implicit stack would be a lot simpler. But more on that later.
the Stack's elements always contain exactly two elements, so a std::pair<int,int> is more appropriate.
Although both type synonyms have the same meaning, their different name already tells us that we want to use a stack or a board at certain positions. Still, std::vector<std::pair<int,int>> would be more fitting for the stack.
Several functions have an int n parameter you never use. You should remove that. Also, enable compiler warnings. GCC and Clang use -Wall.
Your main doesn't have a return type. Add int.
However, even with that in mind (and std::pair), we still carry around a lot of information with us all the time. The Board gets updated in every iteration, whenever we put a new queen on the board. We need that Board for print_board, right?
That will take at most \$\mathcal O(n^2)\$. Since print_board will also take \$\mathcal O(n^2)\$, we're not going to increase the asymptotic complexity of our program.
That way the function's type already tells us that this function won't change its argument, and we will get a compiler error if we erroneously try to.
The same holds for all the check_ functions, see declarations above.
Throughout the range-based for loops, it and s get used. What's it? For example, what is it in the following loop?
Well, it's the Board's row. So we should call it row, not it. it is fine if we use iterators, but with range-based for loops, we already have a value or a reference at hand, not a raw iterator. The name it is therefore misleading.
For s, we can use placement, position, pos or even queen. The Stack can actually get renamed to Placements or even Queens, as it contains the queens' positions. The form can yield a name, but the name should foremost fit the contents.
By the way, the check_ functions are ambiguous. If a check returns true, does that mean that the queen is safe? Or does true mean that the queen is threatened? A name like can_place_, is_safe_ or threatens_ is unambiguous.
Even with those small tips, the code will be larger than the other variants you've encountered. That's due to a small, but significant optimization that's usually applied to the board: we don't store the row. Indeed, one dimension is never stored, at all. It's already implicit in the Stack, if we reorder it.
But if that holds, we can just get rid of the row and use using stack_type = std::vector<int>.
If we have x = s - row and y = -(s - col), we can interpret x as the rows we need to traverse to get from s to the new queen, and y as the respective columns in the other direction. If both are the same, both queens are on the same diagonal (this time the right-to-left diagonals).
To get back to the variant with the implicit row, just remember that Stack[i] is the queen at i, Stack[i], and col will be the Stack.size(), col queen (the row is now implicit!).
# That's actually almost the whole valid python solution.
It's a little bit longer, but that's the complete C++ code necessary to solve the problem, we just need to call solve on an empty initial stack. Every recursive function can get rewritten into a non-recursive one if we use an explicit stack, however, we will end up with a function that's similar to your original one, so that's left as an exercise.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged c++ backtracking n-queens or ask your own question.


This is hopefully the easiest and most delicious stew you'll ever make. Lean beef, chunky potatoes, and colorful carrots and green beans. Kid-friendly and healthy! Savor it on a cold night with your family and friends and you'll be ready to curl up for a long winter's night. Merry eating!
1. Heat Oil in a large pot. Add beef, and brown.
2. Add Broth through Red Wine. Simmer, covered 2 hours, stirring occasionally.
3. Add Green Beans at least 20 minutes before serving.


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Opportunities and Facilities in Technical Production
From assistant director, production manager, presale and at the door box office responsibilities, rehearsal and production stage management, publicity and promotions direction, house management, deck captain, and special team leaders, production management offers a wide variety of practical opportunities in providing the infrastructure, schedule and personnel management that is so crucial to the success of any production.
Done in a variety of styles, and in a wide range of periods, we use platforms, wagons, flats, drops, three-dimensional sculpted and formed units to create a variety of Indoor and outdoor locales. Whether it's a unit set, selective realism, or multiple locales, each production is uniquely designed, built, painted and installed in the theatre for anywhere from six to twenty-three performances. Abstract and realistic designs are realized to fit the director's concept for the show, and students are taught the tools and techniques that bring a design from the page to the reality of the stage. Whether mounted in the traditional proscenium style, black box, arena, or occasional environmental or found space setting, the variety in scenographic approaches and staging engages students in experiencing the wide variety of design choices. Occasional guest designers, painters, and carpenters offer students new insights and opportunities. Assistant technical director and one annual design opportunity exist for qualified students.
A fully computerized, midi-compatable two monitor lighting control board, an instrument inventory of over 120 instruments, 20 flyable battens, catwalk, balcony and multi-level cove hang positions creates the flexibility for proscenium, black box and arena theatre productions, as well as dance and music concerts. Chaser, blacklight, strobe, mirror ball, starstrobe, double gobo rotators, and optikinetics projectors create dynamic kinetic lighting patterns. Four current faculty have extensive experience in design and execution. Chief electrician and one annual lighting design opportunity exist for qualified students.
With an extensive sound reinforcement system, students can gain operation and design experience with our musical, dramatic, comic and experimental productions, not to mention dance and music concerts. The theatre sound system features 48 channels and 10 group outputs on a modern mixing console used with Special Effect processing for a 2800 Watt, 4 channel, 3 monitor house system. Along with the operation of the house system is a seperate stage mixing system that can be utilized for sophisticated professional sound design needs. The stage system features 24 channels and 6 group outputs on a modern mixing console. Our Chief Engineer can take you through advanced concepts and processes for live sound reinforcement. Using this class along with the music division's state-of-the-art digital recording studio and various telecommunication courses will enable you to tackle even more advanced projects. Qualified students are given design assignments.
Our lab includes drafting table, one industrial and two home machines, two cutting tables and storage for over 3,000 pieces and accessories. Covering the major periods through contemporary, international, fantasy, animal and dance costumes, we have a stock that provides a good first pull for virtually any production. Our resident designer and technical director can lead you through the various processes of production preparation. . Once annually a qualified student designs a show, and assistant costumer positions are available for students, or as part of our federal workstudy program.
Makeup, Mask, Prosthetics and Hairpieces
A 12 seat makeup station downstairs and eight additional chairs in backstage dressingrooms make study and application a breeze. Wigs for males and females are complimented by falls, beards, mustaches. Scars, elf ears, noses, and a variety of other attachments, along with a lab for custom construction, allows for those special touches. Commedia, neutral, decorative and fantasy masks are built or repainted for use in appropriate productions. Qualified students can design and create for production. Three current faculty have extensive experience in these areas.
An often overlooked area of production, properties design and construction offers opportunities for the craftsperson to test their skills with realistic, fantasy and special effects props. Our armory is stocked with a variety of knives, handguns, rifles, and swords. Wood, plastics, foams, fabrics, metals and found objects are combined with imagination to answer the demands of any production. Design, craftsperson and management positions are available to qualified students.
Mechanical effects include a 20 batten flyspace, four trap doors, two winches, castered wagons and elevated traps. Pyrotechnic capabilities include sparkle, flash and percussion pots and confetti canon. Atmospheric effects include fog, mist, snow and wind. Illusion effects are employed when appropriate, both purchased and built in-house. Two faculty members have worked professionally with illusion as part of their performance history. Live sound effects such as a crashbox, phone ringer, doorbells, horns and alarms are complimented by our prerecorded effects that are part of our rich sound library. A variety of projectors are used including slide, scene machine and Linebachs. Lighting effects are listed under the lighting area.
The Federal Work Study Program in the Technical Theatre Area
There are four positions available: one costume, one secretarial/promotional and two shop technician. Costume position maintains the lab and storage areas, assists with pulls, alterations, craftwork, building and designing. The secretarial/promotional position does filing, copying, distribution, mailing lists, inventories, budget, e-mailing, phone followup, and other miscellaneous organizational and minor administrative tasks. The two shop technician positions maintain and prepare the stage, booth and storage areas. The sceneshop is the major work area, and we also work outdoors during pleasant weather. A full array of power and hand tools make scenic construction and assembly easy and quick. A paintroom plus four paintcarts and wide range of equipment offer the painter an opportunity to work in any location easily. Rigging, lighting, props and sound are other common areas of activity for these technicians.
Technical Support Experience
Students and workstudy students are offered opportunities to support not only the four theatre productions annually, but also departmental dance and music concerts. In addition a variety of rental activities: theatre, dance, music, lecture and special event activities are part of every year's calendar. Activities include stage management, lighting, sound, deck captaining, fly crew, stage hand and other miscellaneous jobs, as the need arises.
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Rubix Qube, Ranked top 30 DJ in South Africa (DJmag), performed in Switzerland, Portugal, Greece, Australia. (This Live act showcases some of the freshest ideas in the psy-scene today. From "Qubinomix" to "Dark Kontinent", his combination of twisted melodies, driving percussion and intelligent compisitions fuse into a genre-busting intense audio experience. Performed alongside Sunproject, Absolum, Skazi, Tron, Menog, Scorb, KoxBox, Lost + Found, Shift, Khopat, EMP and more.


DeepMind cofounder says general artificial intelligence remains "a long way off"
The cofounder of AI specialists DeepMind, which was acquired by Google in 2014 for about £500 million, is working hard on general artificial intelligence, but being coy on a working timeline for the advanced technology.
One of the pioneers in deep learning and artificial intelligence, Google's DeepMind, has said that general artificial intelligence that can truly think like a human being is still "a long way off", but dismissed ethical concerns surrounding research.
Speaking at TechCrunch Disrupt in London, DeepMind cofounder Mustafa Suleyman said: "I think when we say that [general artificial intelligence] is 20 years out, or decades away, what we are saying is that it is so far out that we can't really measure it.
"So anything beyond that sort of time horizon means it is very difficult for me to say the difference between 20 years and 50 years. So I think it is definitely a long way off, it's just very far from the sort of practical things we can make today."
Read next: Google DeepMind: What is it, how does it work and should you be scared?
This is despite the fact that DeepMind is working hard on creating general artificial intelligence.
Read next: Inside DeepMind's latest attempts to achieve a general artificial intelligence: What are progressive neural nets?
DeepMind research scientist Raia Hadsell told Techworld earlier this year that the company is making good progress in teaching machines to master multiple tasks, instead of just one game, such as chess or Go: "As we have accomplishments then we keep on raising the bar and changing the target that we are trying to get to," Hadsell said at the time.
She was similarly reluctant to provide a timeline: "I think we are doing an extremely good job within the same domain," she said. "[But] starting to integrate in visual perception and auditory perception and different types of domains into the same network is still further out."
The company published an academic paper earlier this week that appears to mark a breakthrough in this area though. The paper, which Hadsell helped to write, contends with the issue of "catastrophic forgetting", where machines cannot retain multiple skills as humans do, a severe barrier to general artificial intelligence.
The paper states: "We show that it is possible to overcome this limitation and train networks that can maintain expertise on tasks which they have not experienced for a long time."
Suleyman also returned to the issue of the AI ethics board at DeepMind, with the company continuing to refuse to name the people sat on its internal ethics board.
"We've always said that it's going to be very much focused on full general purpose learning systems and I think that's very, very, far away," he said. "We're decades and decades away from the kind of risks that the board initially envisaged."
This runs contrary to Suleyman's earlier comments around transparency. When speaking about DeepMind's recent collaborations with health organisations, the cofounder reiterated: "We want to be as innovative and progressive and open with our governance as we are with our technology" and that "trust is a function of control and transparency."
Suleyman has said in the past that he would like to reveal the makeup of the ethics board but the decision appears to still be above his pay grade. He did state that the recent "partnership on AI" with other tech giants like IBM, Amazon and Facebook is a step in the right direction though.
Lastly, Suleyman said that DeepMind is currently working on a technical capacity to log data movements in a way that can't be tampered with based on blockchain technology.
He explained: "We are pioneering a general transparency architecture, this is a distributed, verifiable logging architecture that describes where data has moved when.
"We believe we can build a system like that in a very distributed and ultimately un-tamperable way. We can generate a log of who has interacted with that data and where it has moved in a way that is mathematically proven to be un-tamperable."


WEST ASHLEY, SC (WCSC) - Authorities are investigating a fire that broke out at an apartment complex in West Ashley on Tuesday.
The Charleston Fire Department says the fire happened at the Ashley Arms Apartments. A passerby saw the fire as they were walking and called 911.
The Red Cross says one apartment was destroyed with three apartments sustaining minor damage.
No one was home at the time of the fire and no injuries were reported.
The Red Corss is providing assistance to four families whose apartments were affected by the fire.


The National Day of the United Arab Emirates falls on the 2nd of December making it a day of great importance for the locals. What they mostly do is that at the start of the day or the night before the actual celebrations, Happy UAE National Day 2019 greetings are sent to each other. This not only brings each one of the Arab communities in the Emirates to get back in touch with each other but also reminds them how important the unity of the Emirates is. This day is spent with much festivity making everyone in the UAE mark their calendars well before time so that they do not miss out on all the fun.
Not only is the UAE famous for tourism but the local and national festivals that take place over there is also a source of attraction for people living in other parts of the world. This is majorly why non-Arabs or travelers that come to the UAE feel immense pride and pleasure in wishing Happy UAE national Day 2019 to anyone they get to meet during the festivities of that place and time. Many famous spots like the Burj Khalifa etc. are lit up and celebrations are at a high marking the fun time that is 48th Happy UAE National Day 2019.
Usually, local dresses are worn by the natives to this event, however, people who are from various parts of the world and who have only come to witness the great celebrations for the Happy UAE 2019 National Day can wear anything they like keeping in mind the societal; norms of the Emirates. It is worth mentioning here that there is no dress code for this day but people do like to dress up on their 48th Happy Dubai National day 2019 so that it shows how patriotic they are in not only their spirit but their appearance too.
Many posters are hung all over the Emirates and this time, the UAE is celebrating the 48th Happy UAE National Day making than even more important celebration of the year. The locals start preparing for the event way before time and this time around, especially the restaurant owners are extremely excited to set up stalls and give discounts on the auspicious occasion of Happy UAE national Day 2019. Foreigners love the Arabic cuisine which is why there are many stalls being set up on this year's event that would serve that purpose.
If you are planning a trip to the Emirates in the winter, make sure you plan according to the dates of the Happy Dubai National Day. This day is a historical event and is going to be extremely picturesque not only for the tourists but obviously for the locals too. The celebrations just keep on getting bigger and better with each year and you will fall in love with what the Emirates have to offer you this year on the 2nd of December which is the 48th Happy UAE National Day 2019. Pack your bags and get going!


Parents can set their child up for the future by establishing good money habits while young. Research shows that having weekly conversations around money, as early as age three, and modeling good money habits improves the likelihood of those children being smart with money.
There are some great opportunities to teach kids about money in your routine day-to-day activities. For example, going to the bank can involve a conversation around work and earning money; a trip to grocery store offers the opportunity to talk about coupons and price comparison; even playing at home provides the chance to teach them about math and numbers.
Talking to your little one about money on an everyday basis helps them become familiar with financial words and ideas. As they grow you can build upon their knowledge with more complex lessons.
Kids benefit from being exposed to situations where money is exchanged, but in a world where cards are swiped, and groceries and entertainment are bought online, they don't often get to have these experiences. They may see this "invisible money" as an unlimited resource instead of real money coming in and out of their parents' bank accounts.
Show children money and let them handle bills and coins while explaining its value and how you earn it. For older children, it may be beneficial to explain how you balance the family budget by differentiating between what you need and what you want. Starting these discussions early builds money management skills.
Financial literacy gives children the assurance that they can make good spending decisions. They feel empowered knowing they have the tools and skills to handle, and better yet, understand their finances.
Having learned from a young age about how money is earned and the difference between needs and wants helps children understand the importance of saving. Start with shorter term savings goals and budgets – like saving for their next birthday party – and slowly involve them in planning for their future education.
Understanding how credit works, when you should use it, and the importance of paying off your balance are all part of a financial education that will benefit your child in the long run. Understanding that building good credit history is important in the future, especially when it comes to big purchases like a car or home.
Part of financial literacy is knowing that there is a finite supply of money. Being able to distinguish between wants and needs shows children they can prioritize spending, save more and enjoy long-term satisfaction.
Saving a percentage of incoming funds, budgeting, saving for emergencies, planning for retirement, short-term and long-term financial goals; these are all good habits for children to develop and can set them up for a lifetime of financial stability.