text:
Google blasts Viacom over suit
By Elise Ackerman | Mercury News, Bay Area News Group
A lawsuit filed against Google by Viacom, the New York entertainment giant, threatens the way hundreds of millions of people exchange information on the Internet, Google asserted in legal documents filed this evening.
Viacom, which owns MTV, VH1, Nickelodeon and Comedy Central, sued Google in March in U.S. District Court in New York for copyright infringement "on a massive scale" after requesting that the Mountain View Internet colossus remove more than 100,000 videos from YouTube.
In an 11-page response to Viacom, Google said Viacom's suit "challenges the careful balance established by Congress when it enacted the Digital Millennium Copyright Act."
The 1998 law, known as the DMCA, creates a so-called "safe harbor" for Internet companies that host content, protecting them from lawsuits provided they immediately take down material after they are notified that it infringes on a copyright.
Michael Kwun, Google's managing counsel for litigation, said Google goes "well above and beyond what the law requires" by limiting the length of videos uploaded to YouTube, which Google acquired for $1.65 billion last year, to 10 minutes. Kwun said Google also uses a mathematical process to identify videos once they have been flagged by copyright owners in order to prevent the same stream of digital bits and bytes from being uploaded a second time.
Viacom has argued that the safe harbor provisions do not apply to Google because copyrighted material forms a cornerstone of YouTube's business model.
In an interview with journalists, Kwun confirmed that Google has still not implemented special finger-printing technology that would make it easy for copyright owners to spot copies of their work on YouTube. Copyright owners currently must search YouTube for their work and view the videos themselves – a process that entertainment companies have complained is prohibitively time consuming.
Google demanded a jury trial in Monday's filing, and Kwun said the companies are not engaged in settlement talks.
Google has hired Philip Beck, a top trial lawyer from the Chicago firm Bartlit Beck Herman Palenchar & Scott who represented George Bush in the fight over the 2000 presidential election, to represent the company in the case, along with David Kramer, a partner at Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati and a famed Silicon Valley litigator.
Kwun said there was "a certain irony" in Viacom's lawsuit. He noted that the entertainment industry, including Viacom, had helped craft the provisions of the DMCA over the objections of digital rights advocates.
"They were at the table when these things were being negotiated," he said. "Suddenly they don't want to live with the other end of the deal."
Contact Elise Ackerman at eackerman@mercurynews.com or (408) 271-3774.
Elise Ackerman
Hockey legend Bobby Hull dies at 84; won Stanley Cup with Blackhawks in 1961

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Pickuan Underwood League + GOTW: Week 9
In the depressing (for Phil anyway) aftermath of the Wembley game last week came a very solid set of performances all round in our picks league. Phil leads the way at 73-45 along with 2nd City Fanatics and TomTom Sports, with just a 4 game lead over the last placed Until Kickoff.
Entering week 9 certain teams are very much in a "Put up or shut up" state as it becomes harder and harder to dig yourself out of an early-season hole and stake your claim to a playoff spot. And so we bring you our games of the week, featuring those who could use a nice winning streak...
Toby's Game of the Week: Baltimore Ravens (5-2) @ Cleveland Browns (2-6), Sunday 1pm ET
After a fast start for Baltimore, things are starting to look a little shaky. For a team fancied by many to finally make the step up and reach the Superbowl, Baltimore have just 1 win this season by more than 7 points. They've squeaked out a win against New England (no shame there) with a last second "field goal", just held on against Cleveland, failed to score a touchdown against Kansas City and then gave up a franchise record rushing yards while managing to avoid overtime thanks to Dez Bryant drop. All that is fine when you still win the games, but two weeks ago the Ravens were flat-out embarrassed in Houston by the Texans in a 43-13 demolition job.
Since then they've had a bye week to lick their wounds and mull things over. They need to get Ray Rice more invovled in the game, after getting just 17 & 14 touches in their last 2 games. Baltimore seem to have gotten caught up in the "Passing league" talk and have been taking the ball away from their best player, which is a cardinal sin. On defense, they were able to give Terrell Suggs some limited action against Houston, and he looked good given such a quick turnaround from a partically torn achilles. The bye week will have given him time to regain some conditioning and explosiveness and hopefully mean he stays on the field for an already injury-ravaged defense. His presence on the edge on the front 7 is much needed both against the run and pass if the Ravens are to work themselves back into an "elite" defense.
As for Cleveland, well they're playing much better than I think anyone would have expected. 2 wins (vs. Cincinnati & San Diego) in their last 3 games have come off the back of improvements from most units. Brandon Weeden is showing big improvements week to week, Trent Richardson, while a little banged up already, continues to be very productive, and the emmergence of rookie wide receiver Josh Gordon (a 2nd round pick in the Supplemental Draft) has given Weeden a reliable big-play target.
The Browns made a game of their first meeting on Thursday Night Football in Baltimore in week 4, coming a hail mary attempt away from forcing overtime. Now at home, with the confidence of some wins under their belt and a less confident Ravens team this game has the potential to be a lot closer than people think.
Phil's Game of the Week: Pittsburgh Steelers (4-3) @ New York Giants (6-2), Sunday 4:25pm ET
There are so many reasons that this is an interesting and important game. The matchup has significant playoff implications and could almost seal the NFC East for the Giants with a W, the Steelers RB situation hots up with Mendenhall potentially returning to challenge Jonathon Dwyer, and the Giants will have a new starting MLB for the day in Mark Herzlich, something that coaches, doctors and family members never thought possible.
When Herzlich was a standout junior at Boston College, he always looked liked he would be an NFL starter one day. He was named to the Butkus and Lott trophy watchlists prior to the season, and through his play earned First-team All-American and the ACC Defensive Player of the Year awards. After leading BC with 110 tackles and recording six interceptions, eight pass break-ups, two forced fumbles, and two fumble recoveries, he was projected as a potential Top-15 selection in 2009 NFL Draft if he declared early. Instead, Herzlich decided to stay in school for his senior year.
Prior to starting his senior year, Herzlich received shocking news, that threatened to not only end his football career, but his life. He was diagnosed with Ewing's Sarcoma in his femur, a rare and aggressive bone cancer, and doctors told him that the key was whether the cancer had metastasized to other areas - he faced a 70% survival chance if it hadn't, and only a 10% chance if it had. Following numerous scans and biopsys, doctors told him the cancer was still localised in the femur, and they could see no small fractures in the region that would allow the cancerous cells to seep out. Whilst this was good news, meaning Herzlich would be able to keep his leg, the doctors told him his athletics days were over. Mark undertook a very strong course of chemotherapy, one that many patients not in his physical shape would be unable to survive, and his body responded well.
Herzlich makes the tackle at Giants training camp in August 2012 (Photo: Mike Carey)
The tumour shrank to such an extent that doctors were able to reassess his status, and gave him an option: surgically remove a section of his femur to almost certainly eliminate the cancer (but also end his playing career), or continue with the chemo, add in a course of radiotherapy, and attempt to save his leg in tact. Herzlich opted for the more risky second option, knowing that there was only a 50% chance the cancer would be eliminated this way, but his drive to not just survive, but to play football again, were too much to put aside.
On September 29th 2009, Herzlich announced that his treatment had been successful, and his cancer was now in full remission. He did need surgery on his femur, to insert a strengthening titanium rod into the bone, but following the end of his chemotherapy treatment he was able to get into physical rehab, and start training again for what he hoped would be a successful return to football.
In 2010, Herzlich returned for his senior year at Boston College, and started in all 13 games, recording 65 tackles, 2 FF and 4 INTs. Remarkable numbers for a cancer survivor just one year removed from devastating chemotherapy, but he was still not done, and wanted his shot at the NFL.
Despite being invited to the NFL Draft as a guest in 2011, Herzlich went undrafted, as teams were concerned about his durability with the titanium rod supporting his leg, as well as the chances that his cancer would return. He was, however, seen as a priority UDFA, and fielded offers from the Eagles and Ravens before signing with the Giants. Now in the NFL, Herzlich's fight has continued. He earned his was onto the Giants 53-man roster for 2011, and made his mark as a special teamer. By week 11, however, injuries to the Giants LB corp meant that Herzlich was next man up at MLB, and he got his first NFL start vs the Eagles. Sadly, after just 2 starts, he suffered a high ankle sprain that kept him out of not only the remainder of the regular season, but also the entirity of the post-season, and the Giants eventual Superbowl victory.
However, the fact that Herzlich got his chance to play in the NFL at all is remarkable, and this week he'll get to start again. The Giants starting MLB Chase Blackburn injured his hamstring last week against Dallas, and looks to be out for this week's game. Herzlich was pushing Blackburn for the start in the preseason, but was limited by a hip pointer, handing the role to Chase. Now, with his chance to start again, we'll get a chance to see just how strong this guy is.
Even if you're a Steelers fan, you have to hope Herzlich does well Sunday. He's a guy who's impossible to root against, and frankly one you'd be stupid to bet against. He continues to defy the odds.
Gur's Game of the Week: Miami Dolphins (4-3) @ Indianapolis Colts (4-3), Sunday 1pm ET
I gotta say, I never would have guessed that, half way through the season, I'd be picking the Dolphins/Colts game to be my game of the week. Then again, if I were to ask you, if the playoffs started today, who the 5th and 6th seeds would be, would you have guessed that it would be the Dolphins and the Colts respectively? Because, as strange as it might seem to say, that's exactly what would happen.
It's a bit redundant to say that, in the lunar calender of American football, this has been, in many ways, Year of the Rookie Quarterback; you all already know this is the case, especially if you've been reading Toby's excellent series following the signal calling rooks throughout the season - but could there be a better game to showcase how these two have come along than this matchup? As the #1-overall pick, and the kid who for the past two years had been anointed as the most NFL-ready quarterback since Peyton Manning, or even John Elway, plenty of attention has been paid to Andrew Luck so far; but, since Hard Knocks wrapped up, there hasn't been much said about Ryan Tannehill. Quietly, Tannehill has been putting together a very nice season, and he gets a great opportunity to show that he deserves to be given as much praise as Luck or the other QB taken ahead of him, RG3.
Stepping away from the quarterbacks, this ought to be a bit higher-scoring than you might perhaps expect - this game matches strengths vs. weaknesses for both sides of the ball. The Dolphins have one of the best run defenses in the league, third in most rushing yards allowed and tied for first in yards-per-carry allowed, but the Colts don't have much of a run game this year (when have they ever?). On the other hand, the Colts' passing attack is doing reasonably well under Andrew Luck, with Reggie Wayne in particular having his best year in a long time - and the Luck-Wayne connection is unlikely to be severely tested by the leagues' 8th-worst passing defense. Flipping it around, it is Tannehill who has the tougher ask of the two QBs, as he'll have to contend with the NFL's fifth-best passing defense; unlike Luck, however, Miami's rookie quarterback has a running back he can rely on in Reggie Bush. Bush has started to regularly show flashes of the Bush we saw in college, the Heisman-winning one-time second-overall pick, who is a major threat to gash the Colts' 7th-worst run D, which will take the heat off Tannehill and allow him to take on a supportive rather than a starring role - a role he has shown he can carry off with great aplomb, and one which, as long as Bush can get it going, could well equate to a win for the boys from South Beach.
More than anything, with these two teams currently leading the pack in the hunt for an elusive wildcard spot, this game is a great opportunity to see if the teams, and their records, are legit - or if they are merely the beneficiaries of an easier schedule or unprepared opponents, more likely to be spending January on their couches than on the field playing playoff football. We may not know the answer to that question until December, but this matchup should give us a good early indication - and that's what makes it my game of the week.
Guest Game of the Week: Dallas Cowboys (3-4) @ Atlanta Falcons (7-0), Sunday 8.20pm ET
By Conor Philpott, v2journal, (@v2journal)
I talked about the Cowboys last week in an article for the v2journal, and a brief summary would be: not effective in the passing game, defence gives up too many points (but not a lot of yards), rushing game is decent but not used often enough (they are often faced with relatively big deficits as we saw last Sunday). Overall, the feeling was the Cowboys are an okay team but not an incredibly good one. They have problems at the safety position on defence and the absence of Sean Lee has also hit them hard. Dez Bryant and Jason Witten were getting catches but not getting the yards, averaging only 10.5 and 9.7 yards a catch prior to last Sunday. Witten had a great game on Sunday, making an astonishing 18 catches, for 167 yards (9.3 yard average), the length of Dez Bryant's fingers (on the final drive, Bryant makes a catch in the endzone but his fingers were out of bounds) meant the game went the way of the Giants but the Cowboys lost that game due to their inability to keep the ball, losing the ball a staggering 6 times on offense (4 interceptions and 2 lost fumbles). The Cowboys turnover ratio was pretty poor prior to Sunday (15th) it is now the second worst in the league, only the Kansas City Chiefs rank worse than the Cowboys, I think it's fair to say that being above a team who hasn't led at any time in regulation during the season isn't exactly something to brag about.
The Cowboys have some great talent on both sides of the ball, their receivers aren't getting the necessary separation and their Offensive Line could probably help out Tony Romo a bit more but they are not playing well and will more than likely miss out on the NFC East title this season, and I would also guess their playoff hopes are all but gone.
My colleague James talked about the Falcons last week, the only undefeated team in the NFL this year. There are various differing opinions on the Falcons, some feel they can finally go far into the post season while some still question if their soft underbelly which has been so ruthlessly exposed in the last two year's playoffs is still there. The old adage that "you can only beat what's put in front of you" is valid for the Falcons in my opinion. They have only faced one quality team in my opinion, in the Denver Broncos and Peyton Manning. I may be biased being a Bucs fan, but I think if the Falcons faced Manning now as opposed to in week 2, we might have seen a different story. The Falcons are grinding out the wins, often winning by scores and some say the ability to win those tough encounters is the mark of a top team. I'm inclined to disagree with that this time around, I could realistically see the Falcons winning 13 or 14 games but even then I would wonder can they beat the top teams. Have they made any big changes? They upgraded their secondary be trading for Asante Samuel but then lost Brent Grimes. Curtis Lofton was lost to New Orleans and his designated replacement in Lofa Tatupu won't see the field this season anyway.
The Falcons offense is a well oiled machine. They have a decent line who can give "Matty Ice" (or if you are one of those people "The Mattural") good time in the pocket. Their weapons in both the passing and running game are enough to scare the best defences in the league. When talking about the league's best receivers the names Roddy White and Julio Jones will pop up, when talking about Tight Ends, Tony Gonzalez will get a mention,, Michael Turner may be getting on a bit, but he is still pretty useful to the team, his 3.8 yard average would suggest he is no longer able to carry the load of the offense (he isn't by the way) but he is still able to get the hard yards for the team and he will hopefully help bring through the next crop of running backs in Jason Snelling and Jacquizz Rodgers (as an aside, that may be the best name in the NFL). The Falcons seem to have some holes however, they can be attacked in the rushing department (they lie 26th in run defence), the Falcons have a super pass defence, and more importantly they don't give up too many points, they rank 6th in points given up per game, they manage to keep the score down and if they hadn't conceded some points in garbage time against the Eagles last week they could be in an even better position. My support of the Bucs may blinker me somewhat here but I still don't think the Falcons have enough to beat the top teams like the Giants, Packers and 49ers in the middle of January.
Prediction: Falcons win by 13 or so, the Cowboys simply aren't very good and the Falcons are a fair bit better in my opinion
Bold Prediction: Julio Jones to catch for over 150 yards and two Touchdowns.
Gur
Until Kickoff
V2journal
Second City Fanatics
KC @ SD
SD SD
DEN @ CIN
DEN DEN DEN DEN DEN
BAL @ CLE
BAL BAL
ARI @ GB
CHI @ TEN
MIA @ IND
MIA MIA
CAR @ WAS
DET @ JAX
BUF @ HOU
HOU HOU
MIN @ SEA
TB @ OAK
TB TB
PIT @ NYG
DAL @ ATL ATL ATL
PHI @ NO
BYES: NYJ, STL
BYES:
NE, SF
Posted by Writers at 18:20
Labels: Atlanta Falcons, Baltimore Ravens, Cleveland Browns, Dallas Cowboys, Game of the Week, Indianapolis Colts, Miami Dolphins, New York Giants, Pittsburgh Steelers, Predictions
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Labor's Rural and Regional Health Spokesperson, Stephen Jones, has called on Tony Abbott to focus on the health of the Australians living outside the major cities rather than just the health of his terminal leadership.
Today, Tony Abbott tried to convince the Australian public that the GP tax was off the table in order to save his grip on the Prime Ministership. However, the truth is that Tony Abbott has only temporarily halted his ideological attack on Medicare.
The Government must start listening to people outside of metropolitan areas and recognise that attacking primary care and discouraging people from visiting their local GP is not the answer.
People in rural and regional Australia already suffer from poorer health outcomes, including high rates of chronic disease. They have inferior access to services and bulk billing rates are lower in the bush.
It has been over three weeks since the Rural Doctors Association of Australia appealed for the Abbott Government to hit the reset button on healthcare outcomes in rural and regional Australia. But nothing has happened; health professionals and patients outside of the nation's cities continue to be ignored.


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PHOTO ESSAY: Canada Welcomes The World to The Vancouver 2010 Olympics
Culture General Media Social Media Tourism Vancouver 2010
February 15, 2010 October 18, 2017 4 min read Andy Miah
This is the 2nd of several Vancouver 2010 Olympics photo essays created by Kris Krüg.
Vancouver is filled with energy now that 2010 Winter Olympic Games has officially started. The last week has been filled with the excited fervor of the last month and anticipation of the upcoming weeks. Here is a photographic look into the last week of adventure and celebrations, before the officially opening of the Games in Vancouver.
The Olympic torch was carried downhill on the Blackcomb mountain by world champion and olympiad Steve Podborski. Steve won a bronze medal in the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid. Currently he is part of the VANOC and works within International Relations.
Premier Gordon Campbell seemingly is Canada's number one fan. Campbell has travelled around Canada for the entire length of the torch relay. Here he is handing out coveted British Columbia Olympic pins to fans at the Whistler Torch Celebration.
Vancouver is part of the Coast Salish territories and has a Four Host First Nation welcoming committee as part of the 2010 Vancouver Olympic Games. Willie Lewis, dressed in a traditional Aborginal outfit, was part of the Whistler Torch Relay Celebration.
Static Photography had the chance to hang out in Whistler for the weekend with Chris Wheeler who had been following the torch relay through all of Canada. We had the chance to do some zip trekking with him! Our longest run was 2200 m. 🙂
The Olympic Torch had an extended route through all of Vancouver with the relay going through all of the neighborhoods in Vancouver. The Vancouver city council accompanied by Mayor Gregor Robertson welcomed the torch when it came to City Hall.
Vancouver Olympiad Lori Fung, with her gold medal, was present when the Olympic Torch came to the Vancouver City Hall. Fung was the first gold medalist awarded in the sport of Rhythmic Gymnastics during the 1984 Summer Olympics which were held in Los Angeles, CA.
Iain Black welcomed the public to the opening of the VX Forum in Vancouver, BC. Black is Minister of Small Business, Technology and Economic Development in Canada and is pictured here with Nadia Nascimento and Dave Olson of Invoke Media which is the parent company to twitter-based application Hootsuite.
This is the first Olympic Games where people are full-on involved with technology and the internet. Many fans often have out their own cameras to capture their memories themselves. With this sort of documentation present for the Vancouver Winter Olympics, some of the best Olympic news coverage will be coming from the internet!
There are many different pavilions popping up all over Vancouver with all sorts of awesome installations and displays. This is a touch screen graffitti media installation in the DigiBC part of the BC Pavilion. Here one of the creators is having fun creating some interactive art.
Mayor Gregor Robertson has been a very busy man during the preparations for the Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Here he is outside of the W2 Media and Culture House in the DTES. He was the speaker at the ribbon-cutting of this independent media house which opened to the public.
The beautiful Olympic Athlete Village sits on the waters' edge of the False Creek. There was a bit of controversy when the athletes from Australia hung up their official Aussie flag, which is a copyrighted image. Despite some grievances with the IOC, Vancouver fought to keep the flag up!
Bombardier, the company who designed the Olympic Torch for the Vancouver Winter Olympics, also designed the Olympic Line, a train that runs from the Main Street Skytrain Station to Granville Island. Bombardier has given Vancouver two of their streetcars, on loan from Brussels, Belgium. The Olympic Line is a 60 day demonstration project so get a ride while you can!
Visitors have been packing into Vancouver from all over the world for the 2010 Winter Olympics. This group of women associated with Ukrainian team were photographed on their way into the Opening Ceremony on February 12th.
Another type of visitor that has been sighted in Vancouver is the increase in public security, with the influx of police from other provinces. These police officers are in fact from four different Canadian provinces!
It was very exciting to watch the crowd gather for the Opening Ceremony at the German Saxony House. The place was packed with locals and visitors for the three hour televised event. Of course, everyone went nuts when the Canadian team was ushered into BC Place.
The biggest secret of the 2010 Winter Olympics was the identity of the person who was to light the final torch in Vancouver during the official welcoming of the Games. Wayne Gretzky ended up carrying the torch from BC Place to the final outdoor giant torch at Waterfront station in a great fanfare. The night ended with a fireworks-filled sky.
2010 Vancouver, flame, kris krüg, opening ceremonies, Photography, torch relay
Vancouver Opening Ceremony Speech by IOC President Jacques Rogge
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Sky Brown video bomb! #Lausanne2020
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XorRN0YHdpQ
Drone display #PyeongChang2018
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=waeXQwnkYAc&t=168s
The Samsung Pavilion at #Lausanne2020
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VO5pWbRldog
Virtual Reality AT #PyeongChang2018
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NBXcl4MFD9o


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Q: C# like List in VBA I'd like to create a List<T> on VBA like you create on C#, there is any way I can do that? I looked for questions about it here on SO, but I could not find any.

A: I know this is an old post, but I'd like to mention the following in addition to what's been discussed...
Array Lists
You can use an ArrayList, which is a weakly typed (uses objects, not strongly typed) linked list available in VBA. Here's some sample code demonstrating basic usage.
Sub ArrayListDemo()
    Dim MyArray(1 To 7) As String
    MyArray(1) = "A"
    MyArray(2) = "B"
    MyArray(3) = "B"
    MyArray(4) = "i"
    MyArray(5) = "x"
    MyArray(6) = "B"
    MyArray(7) = "C"
    Set L1 = ToList(MyArray)
    L1.Insert L1.LastIndexOf("B"), "Zz"
    Set L2 = L1.Clone
    L2.Sort
    L2.Reverse
    L2.Insert 0, "----------------"
    L2.Insert 0, "Sort and Reverse"
    L2.Insert 0, "----------------"
    L1.AddRange L2.Clone
    Set L3 = SnipArray(L1, 9, 3)
    Debug.Print "---- L1 Values ----"
    For Each obj In L1
        Debug.Print obj & " (L1 & L3 = " & L3.Contains(obj) & ")"
    Next
    Debug.Print "---- L3 Values ----"
    For Each obj In L3
        Debug.Print obj
    Next
End Sub
Function ToList(ByVal Arr As Variant) As Object
    Set ToList = CreateObject("System.Collections.ArrayList")
    For Each Elm In Arr
      ToList.Add Elm
    Next Elm
End Function
Function SnipArray(ByVal ArrayList As Object, lower As Integer, length As Integer) As Object
    Set SnipArray = ArrayList.Clone
    lower = lower - 1
    upper = lower + length
    If upper < ArrayList.Count Then
        SnipArray.RemoveRange upper, (ArrayList.Count - upper)
    End If
    If lower > 0 Then
        SnipArray.RemoveRange 0, lower
    End If
End Function

Dictionary
Also, glad to see dictionary was mentioned. Here are a couple notes about how to use a dictionary in VBA and use it like a list:
Sub DictionaryDemo()
    'If you have a reference to "Microsoft Scripting Runtime..."'
    Set D = New Dictionary
    'Else use this if you do not want to bother with adding a reference'
    Set D = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")

    'You can structure a dictionary as a zero based array like this'
    D.Add D.Count, "A"
    Debug.Print D(0)

    Set D = Nothing
End Sub

A: Generics appeared in C# 2.0; in VB6/VBA the closest you get is a Collection. Lets you Add, Remove and Count, but you'll need to wrap it with your own class if you want more functionality, such as AddRange, Clear and Contains.
Collection takes any Variant (i.e. anything you throw at it), so you'll have to enforce the <T> by verifying the type of  the item(s) being added. The TypeName() function would probably be useful for this.

I took the challenge :)
Updated see original code here
List.cls
Add a new class module to your VB6/VBA project. This will define the functionality of List<T> we're implementing. As [Santosh]'s answer shows we're a little bit restricted in our selection of what collection structure we're going to wrap. We could do with arrays, but collections being objects make a better candidate, since we want an enumerator to use our List in a For Each construct.
Type Safety
The thing with List<T> is that T says this list is a list of what type exactly, and the constraint implies once we determine the type of T, that list instance sticks to it. In VB6 we can use TypeName to get a string representing the name of the type we're dealing with, so my approach would be to make the list know the name of the type it's holding at the very moment the first item is added: what C# does declaratively in VB6 we can implement as a runtime thing. But this is VB6, so let's not go crazy about preserving type safety of numeric value types - I mean we can be smarter than VB6 here all we want, at the end of the day it's not C# code; the language isn't very stiff about it, so a compromise could be to only allow implicit type conversion on numeric types of a smaller size than that of the first item in the list.
Private Type tList
    Encapsulated As Collection
    ItemTypeName As String
End Type
Private this As tList
Option Explicit

Private Function IsReferenceType() As Boolean
    If this.Encapsulated.Count = 0 Then IsReferenceType = False: Exit Function
    IsReferenceType = IsObject(this.Encapsulated(1))
End Function

Public Property Get NewEnum() As IUnknown
    Attribute NewEnum.VB_Description = "Gets the enumerator from encapsulated collection."
    Attribute NewEnum.VB_UserMemId = -4
    Attribute NewEnum.VB_MemberFlags = "40"

    Set NewEnum = this.Encapsulated.[_NewEnum]
End Property

Private Sub Class_Initialize()
    Set this.Encapsulated = New Collection
End Sub

Private Sub Class_Terminate()
    Set this.Encapsulated = Nothing
End Sub

Verifying if the value is of the appropriate type can be the role of a function that can be made public for convenience, so a value can be tested to be valid by client code, before it's actually added. Every time we initialize a New List, this.ItemTypeName is an empty string for that instance; the rest of the time we're probably going to see the correct type, so let's not bother checking all possibilities (not C#, evaluation won't break at the first Or that follows a true statement):
Public Function IsTypeSafe(value As Variant) As Boolean

    Dim result As Boolean
    result = this.ItemTypeName = vbNullString Or this.ItemTypeName = TypeName(value)
    If result Then GoTo QuickExit

    result = result _
        Or this.ItemTypeName = "Integer" And StringMatchesAny(TypeName(value), "Byte") _
        Or this.ItemTypeName = "Long" And StringMatchesAny(TypeName(value), "Integer", "Byte") _
        Or this.ItemTypeName = "Single" And StringMatchesAny(TypeName(value), "Long", "Integer", "Byte") _
        Or this.ItemTypeName = "Double" And StringMatchesAny(TypeName(value), "Long", "Integer", "Byte", "Single") _
        Or this.ItemTypeName = "Currency" And StringMatchesAny(TypeName(value), "Long", "Integer", "Byte", "Single", "Double")

QuickExit:
    IsTypeSafe = result
End Function

Now that's a start.
So we have a Collection. That buys us Count, Add, Remove, and Item. Now the latter is interesting, because it's also the Collection's default property, and in C# it would be called an indexer property. In VB6 we set the Item.VB_UserMemId attribute to 0 and we get a default property:
Public Property Get Item(ByVal index As Long) As Variant
    Attribute Item.VB_Description = "Gets/sets the item at the specified index."
    Attribute Item.VB_UserMemId = 0

    If IsReferenceType Then
        Set Item = this.Encapsulated(index)
    Else
        Item = this.Encapsulated(index)
    End If
End Property

Procedure Attributes
In VBA the IDE does not provide any way of editing those, but you can edit the code in Notepad and import the edited .cls file into your VBA project. In VB6 you have a Tools menu to edit those:

Attribute NewEnum.VB_UserMemId = -4 tells VB to use this property to provide an enumerator - we're just passing it that of the encapsulated Collection, and it being a hidden property it begins with an underscore (don't try this at home!). Attribute NewEnum.VB_MemberFlags = "40" is supposed to make it a hidden property as well, but I haven't yet figured out why VB won't pick up on that one. So in order to call the getter for that hidden property, we need to surround it with [] square brackets, because an identifier can't legally start with an underscore in VB6/VBA.

One nice thing about the NewEnum.VB_Description attribute is that whatever description you enter there, shows up in the Object Browser (F2) as a description/mini-documentation for your code.

Item Accessors / "Setters"
The VB6/VBA Collection doesn't allow directly writing values into its items. We can assign references, but not values. We can implement a write-enabled List by providing setters for the Item property - because we don't know if our T will be a value or a reference/object, we'll provide both Let and Set accessors. Since Collection doesn't support this we're going to have to first remove the item at the specified index, and then insert the new value at that place.
Good news, RemoveAt and Insert are two methods we're going to have to implement anyway, and RemoveAt comes for free because its semantics are the same as those of the encapsulated Collection:
Public Sub RemoveAt(ByVal index As Long)
    this.Encapsulated.Remove index
End Sub

Public Sub RemoveRange(ByVal Index As Long, ByVal valuesCount As Long)
    Dim i As Long
    For i = Index To Index + valuesCount - 1
        RemoveAt Index
    Next
End Sub

My implementation of Insert feels like it could get much better, but it essentially reads as "grab everything after the specified index, make a copy; remove everything after the specified index; add the specified value, add back the rest of the items":
Public Sub Insert(ByVal index As Long, ByVal value As Variant)
    Dim i As Long, isObjRef As Boolean
    Dim tmp As New List

    If index > Count Then Err.Raise 9  'index out of range

    For i = index To Count
        tmp.Add Item(i)
    Next

    For i = index To Count
        RemoveAt index
    Next

    Add value
    Append tmp

End Sub

InsertRange can take a ParamArray so we can supply inline values:
Public Sub InsertRange(ByVal Index As Long, ParamArray values())
    Dim i As Long, isObjRef As Boolean
    Dim tmp As New List

    If Index > Count Then Err.Raise 9  'index out of range

    For i = Index To Count
        tmp.Add Item(i)
    Next

    For i = Index To Count
        RemoveAt Index
    Next

    For i = LBound(values) To UBound(values)
        Add values(i)
    Next
    Append tmp

End Sub

Reverse has nothing to do with sorting, so we can implement it right away:
Public Sub Reverse()
    Dim i As Long, tmp As New List

    Do Until Count = 0
        tmp.Add Item(Count)
        RemoveAt Count
    Loop

    Append tmp

End Sub

Here I thought, since VB6 doesn't support overloads. that it would be nice to have a method that can add all items from another list, so I called that Append:
Public Sub Append(ByRef values As List)
    Dim value As Variant, i As Long
    For i = 1 To values.Count
        Add values(i)
    Next
End Sub

Add is where our List becomes more than just an encapsulated Collection with a couple extra methods: if it's the first item being added to the list, we have a piece of logic to execute here - not that I don't care about how many items there are in the encapsulated collection, so if all items are removed from the list the type of T remains constrained:
Public Sub Add(ByVal value As Variant)
    If this.ItemTypeName = vbNullString Then this.ItemTypeName = TypeName(value)
    If Not IsTypeSafe(value) Then Err.Raise 13, ToString, "Type Mismatch. Expected: '" & this.ItemTypeName & "'; '" & TypeName(value) & "' was supplied." 'Type Mismatch
    this.Encapsulated.Add value
End Sub

The source of the error raised when Add fails is the result of a call to ToString, a method that returns... the name of the type, including the type of T - so we can make it a List<T> instead of a List(Of T):
Public Function ToString() As String
    ToString = TypeName(Me) & "<" & Coalesce(this.ItemTypeName, "Variant") & ">"
End Function

List<T> allows adding many items at once. At first I implemented AddRange with an array of values for a parameter, but then with usage it occurred to me that again, this isn't C#, and taking in a ParamArray is much, much more handy:
Public Sub AddRange(ParamArray values())
    Dim value As Variant, i As Long
    For i = LBound(values) To UBound(values)
        Add values(i)
    Next
End Sub

...And then we get to those Item setters:
Public Property Let Item(ByVal index As Long, ByVal value As Variant)
    RemoveAt index
    Insert index, value
End Property

Public Property Set Item(ByVal index As Long, ByVal value As Variant)
    RemoveAt index
    Insert index, value
End Property

Removing an item by providing a value instead of an index, would require another method that gives us the index of that value, and because we're not only supporting value types but also reference types, this is going to be very fun, because now we need a way to determine equality between reference types - we can get reference equality by comparing ObjPtr(value), but we're going to need more than just that - the .net framework taught me about IComparable and IEquatable. Let's just cram these two interfaces into one and call it IComparable - yes, you can write and implement interfaces in VB6/VBA.
IComparable.cls
Add a new class module and call it IComparable - if you really plan to use them for something else then you could put them in two separate class modules and call the other one IEquatable, but that would make you two interfaces to implement instead of one, for all reference types you want to be able to work with.
This isn't mock-up code, all that's needed is the method signatures:
Option Explicit

Public Function CompareTo(other As Variant) As Integer
'Compares this instance with another; returns one of the following values:
'   -1 if [other] is smaller than this instance.
'    1 if [other] is greater than this instance.
'    0 otherwise.
End Function

Public Function Equals(other As Variant) As Boolean
'Compares this instance with another; returns true if the two instances are equal.
End Function

List.cls
Putting the IComparable interface to use
Given that we have packed our IComparable with CompareTo and Equals, we can now find the index of any value in our list; we can also determine if the list contains any specified value:
Public Function IndexOf(value As Variant) As Long
    Dim i As Long, isRef As Boolean, comparable As IComparable
    isRef = IsReferenceType
    For i = 1 To this.Encapsulated.Count
        If isRef Then
            If TypeOf this.Encapsulated(i) Is IComparable And TypeOf value Is IComparable Then
                Set comparable = this.Encapsulated(i)
                If comparable.Equals(value) Then
                    IndexOf = i
                    Exit Function
                End If
            Else
                'reference type isn't comparable: use reference equality
                If ObjPtr(this.Encapsulated(i)) = ObjPtr(value) Then
                    IndexOf = i
                    Exit Function
                End If
            End If
        Else
            If this.Encapsulated(i) = value Then
                IndexOf = i
                Exit Function
            End If
        End If
    Next
    IndexOf = -1
End Function

Public Function Contains(value As Variant) As Boolean
    Dim v As Variant, isRef As Boolean, comparable As IComparable
    isRef = IsReferenceType
    For Each v In this.Encapsulated
        If isRef Then
            If TypeOf v Is IComparable And TypeOf value Is IComparable Then
                Set comparable = v
                If comparable.Equals(value) Then Contains = True: Exit Function
            Else
                'reference type isn't comparable: use reference equality
                If ObjPtr(v) = ObjPtr(value) Then Contains = True: Exit Function
            End If
        Else
            If v = value Then Contains = True: Exit Function
        End If
    Next
End Function

The CompareTo method comes into play when we start asking what the Min and Max values might be:
Public Function Min() As Variant
    Dim i As Long, isRef As Boolean
    Dim smallest As Variant, isSmaller As Boolean, comparable As IComparable

    isRef = IsReferenceType
    For i = 1 To Count

        If isRef And IsEmpty(smallest) Then
            Set smallest = Item(i)
        ElseIf IsEmpty(smallest) Then
            smallest = Item(i)
        End If

        If TypeOf Item(i) Is IComparable Then
            Set comparable = Item(i)
            isSmaller = comparable.CompareTo(smallest) < 0
        Else
            isSmaller = Item(i) < smallest
        End If

        If isSmaller Then
            If isRef Then
                Set smallest = Item(i)
            Else
                smallest = Item(i)
            End If
        End If
    Next

    If isRef Then
        Set Min = smallest
    Else
        Min = smallest
    End If

End Function

Public Function Max() As Variant
    Dim i As Long, isRef As Boolean
    Dim largest As Variant, isLarger As Boolean, comparable As IComparable

    isRef = IsReferenceType
    For i = 1 To Count

        If isRef And IsEmpty(largest) Then
            Set largest = Item(i)
        ElseIf IsEmpty(largest) Then
            largest = Item(i)
        End If

        If TypeOf Item(i) Is IComparable Then
            Set comparable = Item(i)
            isLarger = comparable.CompareTo(largest) > 0
        Else
            isLarger = Item(i) > largest
        End If

        If isLarger Then
            If isRef Then
                Set largest = Item(i)
            Else
                largest = Item(i)
            End If
        End If
    Next

    If isRef Then
        Set Max = largest
    Else
        Max = largest
    End If

End Function

These two functions allow a very readable sorting - because of what's going on here (adding & removing items), we're going to have to fail fast:
Public Sub Sort()
    If Not IsNumeric(First) And Not this.ItemTypeName = "String" And Not TypeOf First Is IComparer Then Err.Raise 5, ToString, "Invalid operation: Sort() requires a list of numeric or string values, or a list of objects implementing the IComparer interface."
    Dim i As Long, value As Variant, tmp As New List, minValue As Variant, isRef As Boolean

    isRef = IsReferenceType
    Do Until Count = 0

        If isRef Then
            Set minValue = Min
        Else
            minValue = Min
        End If

        tmp.Add minValue
        RemoveAt IndexOf(minValue)
    Loop

    Append tmp

End Sub

Public Sub SortDescending()
    If Not IsNumeric(First) And Not this.ItemTypeName = "String" And Not TypeOf First Is IComparer Then Err.Raise 5, ToString, "Invalid operation: SortDescending() requires a list of numeric or string values, or a list of objects implementing the IComparer interface."
    Dim i As Long, value As Variant, tmp As New List, maxValue As Variant, isRef As Boolean

    isRef = IsReferenceType
    Do Until Count = 0

        If isRef Then
            Set maxValue = Max
        Else
            maxValue = Max
        End If

        tmp.Add maxValue
        RemoveAt IndexOf(maxValue)
    Loop

    Append tmp

End Sub

The final touch
The rest is just trivial stuff:
Public Sub Remove(value As Variant)
    Dim index As Long
    index = IndexOf(value)
    If index <> -1 Then this.Encapsulated.Remove index
End Sub

Public Property Get Count() As Long
    Count = this.Encapsulated.Count
End Property

Public Sub Clear()
    Do Until Count = 0
        this.Encapsulated.Remove 1
    Loop
End Sub

Public Function First() As Variant
    If Count = 0 Then Exit Function
    If IsObject(Item(1)) Then
        Set First = Item(1)
    Else
        First = Item(1)
    End If
End Function

Public Function Last() As Variant
    If Count = 0 Then Exit Function
    If IsObject(Item(Count)) Then
        Set Last = Item(Count)
    Else
        Last = Item(Count)
    End If
End Function

One fun thing about List<T> is that it can be copied into an array just by calling ToArray() on it - we can do exactly that:
Public Function ToArray() As Variant()

    Dim result() As Variant
    ReDim result(1 To Count)

    Dim i As Long
    If Count = 0 Then Exit Function

    If IsReferenceType Then
        For i = 1 To Count
            Set result(i) = this.Encapsulated(i)
        Next
    Else
        For i = 1 To Count
            result(i) = this.Encapsulated(i)
        Next
    End If

    ToArray = result
End Function

That's all!

I'm using a few helper functions, here they are - they probably belong in some StringHelpers code module:
Public Function StringMatchesAny(ByVal string_source As String, find_strings() As Variant) As Boolean

    Dim find As String, i As Integer, found As Boolean

    For i = LBound(find_strings) To UBound(find_strings)

        find = CStr(find_strings(i))
        found = (string_source = find)

        If found Then Exit For
    Next

    StringMatchesAny = found

End Function

Public Function Coalesce(ByVal value As Variant, Optional ByVal value_when_null As Variant = 0) As Variant

    Dim return_value As Variant
    On Error Resume Next 'supress error handling

    If IsNull(value) Or (TypeName(value) = "String" And value = vbNullString) Then
        return_value = value_when_null
    Else
        return_value = value
    End If

    Err.Clear 'clear any errors that might have occurred
    On Error GoTo 0 'reinstate error handling

    Coalesce = return_value

End Function

MyClass.cls
This implementation requires, when T is a reference type / object, that the class implements the IComparable interface in order to be sortable and for finding the index of a value. Here's how it's done - say you have a class called MyClass with a numeric or String property called SomeProperty:
Implements IComparable
Option Explicit

Private Function IComparable_CompareTo(other As Variant) As Integer
    Dim comparable As MyClass
    If Not TypeOf other Is MyClass Then Err.Raise 5

    Set comparable = other
    If comparable Is Nothing Then IComparable_CompareTo = 1: Exit Function

    If Me.SomeProperty < comparable.SomeProperty Then
        IComparable_CompareTo = -1
    ElseIf Me.SomeProperty > comparable.SomeProperty Then
        IComparable_CompareTo = 1
    End If

End Function

Private Function IComparable_Equals(other As Variant) As Boolean
    Dim comparable As MyClass
    If Not TypeOf other Is MyClass Then Err.Raise 5

    Set comparable = other
    IComparable_Equals = comparable.SomeProperty = Me.SomeProperty

End Function

The List can be used like this:
Dim myList As New List
myList.AddRange 1, 12, 123, 1234, 12345 ', 123456 would blow up because it's a Long
myList.SortDescending

Dim value As Variant
For Each value In myList
   Debug.Print Value
Next

Debug.Print myList.IndexOf(123) 'prints 3
Debug.Print myList.ToString & ".IsTypeSafe(""abc""): " & myList.IsTypeSafe("abc")
    ' prints List<Integer>.IsTypeSafe("abc"): false

A: List<T> are index based collection which allows to attach any datatype to collection object which is not possible in VBA.
Index based Collection for VBA

*

*Arrays - On MSDN, declaring and using. See also Wikibooks.

Key-Value pair Collection for VBA

*

*Collection - MSDN, Wikibooks

*Dictonary - MSDN, Wikibooks
Alternatively you may create a class library in C# and consume in VBA. Refer this link

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text:
const express = require('express');
const path = require('path');
const favicon = require('serve-favicon');
const logger = require('morgan');
const cookieParser = require('cookie-parser');
const bodyParser = require('body-parser');

const db = require('./config/db');
const app = express();

// View engine setup
app.set('views', path.join(__dirname, 'templates'));
app.set('view engine', 'pug');

//app.use(favicon(path.join(__dirname, 'public', 'favicon.ico')));
app.use(logger('dev'));
app.use(bodyParser.json());
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }));
app.use(cookieParser());

// Makes the /dist directory public
app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'dist')));

// Routes configuration and pass the database variable
app.use('/', require('./routes')(db));

// Catch errors and send to error handler
app.use(function(req, res, next) {
    let err = new Error('Not Found');
    err.status = 404;
    next(err);
});

// Error handlers
app.use(function(err, req, res, next) {
    // set locals, only providing error in development
    res.locals.message = err.message;
    res.locals.error = req.app.get('env') === 'development' ? err : {};

    // render the error page
    res.status(err.status || 500);
    res.render('error');
});

// Expose app to the http server: /src/bin/www.js
module.exports = app;

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text:
Man Thrashed
4 women stripped, thrashed on allegations of shoplifting in Pakistan
World | December 07, 2021 22:33 IST
Faisalabad police head Dr Abid Khan said that five main culprits, including Saddam, have been arrested while raids are being conducted to arrest the absconding accused.
Kanpur: Muslim man thrashed, asked to chant 'Jai Shri Ram'
India | August 12, 2021 22:39 IST
A one-minute video of the incident surfaced on social media on Wednesday. The 45-year-old man is seen being assaulted by some men, who ask him to chant "Jai Shri Ram".
Delhi: Teen beaten to death by harmhouse owner, bitten by dogs on theft suspicion
India | July 09, 2021 8:54 IST
Sandeep, the victim had accompanied by his two companions had gone to a farmhouse registered in the name of Gill Sandhu.
Odisha youth thrashed, forced to drink urine on suspicion of practising sorcery
July 06, 2021 17:53 IST
The incident occurred on July 3, but it came to light after a video footage of the brutality went viral on social media, the police said on Tuesday.
MP: 2 cops suspended, booked in Indore for thrashing vegetable seller
India | June 13, 2021 10:23 IST
Ajay Ganwane, the vegetable seller, said he was beaten severely and has injury marks on his body.
Woman thrashed to death in Assam's Sonitpur, body buried in forest
India | April 25, 2021 23:33 IST
The gruesome incident took place at Geruajuli village in the Rangapara police station area on Saturday night.
Maharashtra: 4 held for thrashing man to death in Palghar
The victim complained to Tulinj police on March 26 that a group of persons had thrashed him severely.
Bengal: 53-year-old man thrashed for sheltering, feeding stray dogs
India | March 08, 2021 12:33 IST
The man, Mondal, was earlier too threatened by his neighbours for sheltering and feeding stray dogs. He was even thrashed by some locals last month, following which he suffered a fracture in his right hand.
Rajasthan: Accused of sexual assault, man thrashed, forced to eat faeces in Dholpur
November 29, 2020 7:56 IST
A youth was allegedly beaten up and forced to eat human faeces for having molested a minor girl in Dholpur district of Rajasthan, police said on Saturday.
UP Horror: Elderly man thrashed, forced to drink urine in Lalitpur
October 13, 2020 14:01 IST
A 65-year-old man was allegedly beaten and forced to drink urine in Village Roda of Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, by a person against whom his family had filed a police complaint a week ago.
25-year-old woman gangraped, brutally thrashed in Gurugram; 4 arrested
In a shocking incident, a 25-year-old woman who hails from West Bengal, was allegedly gang-raped and brutally thrashed by four men when she resisted them in a property dealer's office in the city's DLF phase-2.
Man thrashed to death by crowd after he shot dead another in Kushinagar: Police
News | September 08, 2020 12:50 IST
In a bizarre incident, a man who shot dead a person was beaten to death by a crowd before the police in Uttar Pradesh's Kushinagar, said Superintendent of Police (SP) of Kushinagar.
Suspected thief thrashed to death by mob in Delhi's Pandav Nagar
India | June 12, 2020 8:14 IST
A suspected thief was allegedly beaten to death by a mob that caught him sneaking into a house in east Delhi''s Pandav Nagar, police said on Thursday.
Coronavirus lockdown: Bihar man beaten to death for informing about COVID-19 suspects
A 36-year-old man was beaten to death by a group of persons in Bihar's Sitamarhi district due to an internal dispute, police said on Tuesday. The incident took place in Madhaul village in Runnisaidpur police station area on Monday, Sub-divisional Police Officer (Sadar), Kumar Veer Dhirendra said.
Watch: Man thrashed by miscreants inside police station
News | March 03, 2020 9:06 IST
A man thrashed by miscreants in Uttar Pradesh's Meerut.
Woman thrashed after altercation over her dog, dies later due to heart attack
News | February 13, 2020 14:52 IST
A woman died of a heart attack on February 12 in Maharashtra's Thane district after she was thrashed by another woman as latter objected to constant barking of dog.
MP: Woman refuses to work as labour, beaten up by family members; video goes viral
February 12, 2020 8:24 IST
In a shocking incident, a woman was allegedly beaten up by her family members for refusing to work as labour in Madhya Pradesh's Dhar. The incident took place two months ago, but it came to light after the video went viral on social media.
Two thrashed near Gurgaon for 'smuggling' cattle, arrested
June 26, 2019 6:59 IST
Muslim man thrashed, forced to chant 'Jai Shri Ram' for wearing Skull Cap in Gurugram
May 27, 2019 20:17 IST


Sonya Skincare Range Review: Sonya Skincare by Forever has been such a surprise god-send for me.
They are a US based company that has a 40 year history for being the largest grower, manufacturer and distributor of aloe vera products worldwide. Their aloe is sourced with the highest quality standards and strictly environmentally responsible.
The first step in this line, as with most, is the cleanser. You don't need a lot: just a pea-sized droplet and that can be worked in all over the face. It feels cooling and light and has a slight foam when you rub it into the skin. Natural cleansers (like acacia concinna fruit extract) remove dirt, make-up and dead cells. Next you take a cleansing cloth or cotton round to remove the excess before rinsing your face with water. I was amazed with how much the cleanser removed (disgusted at the same time lol), and my face felt squeaky clean… so much so that i squiggled my fingers on my cheeks and giggled a little at how little resistance there was, super funny!
After cleansing, this Illuminating Gel from the Sonya Skincare line is a must. Like the Cleanser, you use it twice daily in the morning and evening. It helps to bring back the skin's natural brilliance with liquorice root and a unique blend of algae, red clover flower extract and a combo of asian botanicals. I felt a teeny tiny tingle as this worked its magic and virtually disappeared into my skin. It wasn't long to wait before I could then apply the Refining Gel Mask at night or the Soothing Gel Moisturiser in the morning.
This mask is gorgeous! Can't sing its praises enough. It is a mild and creamy feel with the faintest refreshing smell. I can't quite put my finger on it but this gel is infused with botanicals like carrot seed oil, basil oil, artemisia pallets flower oil and soybean oil. It also has apple, clover flower, Korean bamboo and liquorice extracts mixed in as well. It has such a pleasant and satisfying feel that you don't mind at all to lather this on before bed. A super-bonus is that you can't see the mask at all beyond a faint glistening on the skin, and you don't have to remove it either… your skin just drinks it up!
The Soothing Gel Moisturiser is one of the low-key best products of the lot. It feels and looks just like a regular lotion but like everything else in this set; is packed with so much goodness. The most unique part is the beta-glucan extracted from mushrooms to soothe and even skin tone . It also has anti-agin ingredients like hydrolysed collagen (everybody's favourite). It also has apple, pomegranate, fig and mulberry fruit extracts to improve the complexion. You can use it twice a day after applying the illuminating gel or for a bit of extra moisture after the mask.
As a little extra, the team at Forever Living included the Aloe Bio-Cellulose Mask. The Mask is a part of a separate line of products called the Targeted range, which are specific products that are meant to be added into and complement the other ranges like Sonya and Infinite. I tried this one out when I had a free day so I could totally treat myself. You need to leave it on for about 20 minutes which means you can really zen-out. It is made with bio-cellulose and inner-leaf aloe vera gel from Forver's plantations. It feels a little odd at first, a bit goopy, but it instantly starts to cool the skin and feels like the best spa teatment ever.
The Sonya Skincare line will definitely be a set that I will use till the last drop and will consider re-purchasing if I can. It is wonderfully fresh, clean and energetic…exactly what I hope to be myself!


text:
Mulberry Debuts Nicholas Daley Collaboration
In the Mix: Bao Bao Issey Miyake
Bao Bao Issey Miyake is among the many innovative brands to come out of one of Japan's most well-known fashion houses.
By Kelly Wetherille Plus Icon
Kelly Wetherille
Recent Articles by Kelly Wetherille
Fast Retailing Posts 33% Growth in First-quarter Net Profit
Tomo Koizumi and Marc Jacobs Release Collaboration Collection in Japan
EXCLUSIVE: Jil Sander and Tadashi Yanai Reflect on +J Collaboration
July 28, 2014, 12:01am
Bao Bao Issey Miyake is among the many innovative brands to come out of one of Japan's most well-known fashion houses, and more than a decade after its initial inception, it is still going strong. The eye-catching bags, which are distinguishable by the trademark triangular plastic tiles that cover them, are often seen on the arms of fashion-forward women (and, more recently, men) in Japan and around the world.
Bao Bao's presence internationally may still be relatively limited, but the brand is increasing its sales points outside of Japan at a rapid pace. Also, the bags have become a hot item for tourists visiting Japan — especially those from elsewhere in Asia — to take back to their home countries. A spokeswoman for Issey Miyake said Bao Bao's sales in Japan have doubled over the past year.
Recent key items have included the Distortion pouch, which starts as a flat piece of material and is "built" by the customer into an asymmetric shape; the "Shogun" series of bags decorated with boltlike studs on multicolored triangular tiles, and a new series of unisex rucksacks, messenger bags and totes in allover matte or shiny black.
In addition to a handful of freestanding stores across Japan, Bao Bao Issey Miyake is stocked by Japanese department stores such as Isetan, Takashimaya, Parco and Matsuya. Prices average 35,000 yen (about $344) and range from 4,500 yen ($44) for a hair elastic to 130,000 yen ($1,278) for a large embellished tote.
Issues & Publications
People & Companies


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The most common industries of employment for persons aged 15 years and over usually resident in Port Augusta were School Education 7.0%, Public Order and Safety Services 5.9%, Hospitals 5.6%, Supermarket and Grocery Stores 3.7% and Electricity Generation 3.3%.
English was stated as the only language spoken at home by 86.2% of persons usually resident in Port Augusta. The most common languages other than English spoken at home were: Italian 0.8%, Pitjantjatjara 0.3%, German 0.2%, Adnymathanha 0.2% and Shona 0.2%.


Not only did Holly help me sell my home, but she sold two others for my closest friends, all while helping me buy a lot to build another home.. The reason, in my opinion, is that Holly "sees" herself in a home and successfully determines what will sell that house and to whom. AND SHE JUST DOES NOT MISS!
To say Holly is a 5-Star agent is to minimize her and her skills. On a 5 star rating she is a 6 or 7 star performer!
She has no competition; she simply is the best I have ever known and we have moved 14 times!


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https://journals.ashs.org/search?f_0=author&q_0=Jeffrey+A.+Anderson
Author or Editor: Jeffrey A. Anderson x
Additive Effects of Alcohols and Polyols on Thermostability of Pepper Leaf Extracts
Jeffrey A. Anderson
Chemical chaperones (CC) are plant stress-related compounds that can stabilize protein structure in adverse environments. Modes of action are thought to involve hydrogen bonding, primarily with the solvent, and hydrophobic stabilization of the protein core. The objective of this study was to determine structure–function relationships between CC (and structurally related compounds) and thermal stability of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) leaf proteins. Both polarity [based on log Kow (the oil–water partition coefficient)] and capacity for hydrogen bonding (based on the number of OH groups) contributed to whether low-molecular-weight alcohols and polyols stabilized or destabilized proteins at elevated temperatures. Thermal stability increased with increasing number of OH groups at a fixed number of carbon atoms per molecule. Conversely, thermal stability decreased with increasing number of carbon atoms with a fixed number of OH groups. When CC solution concentrations were adjusted to the same concentration of OH groups (1.51 × 1022 OH groups per milliliter), protein thermal stability increased with increasing CC polarity. Mixtures of different CC had additive effects on increasing protein thermostability, but mixtures of stabilizing (mannitol) and destabilizing (methanol) compounds negated each other. As a strategy for increasing plant thermotolerance, identification and removal of destabilizing compounds should be equally effective as increasing levels of stabilizers in protecting protein conformation at elevated temperatures.
In Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science Volume 132 (2007): Issue 1 (Jan 2007)
Heat Stability of Pepper Leaf Extracts
Acute high-temperature stress affects plant protein structure, leading to denaturation and aggregation. Although folding states of individual proteins have been extensively studied, little information is available on protein thermostability in complex mixtures. The objective of this study was to systematically examine protein stabilizing and destabilizing factors in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) leaf extracts using light transmission measurements. Increasing turbidity and subsequent precipitation were monitored in heated extracts as changes in light scattering at 540 nm. Factors evaluated included leaf tissue concentration, buffer pH, compounds that can stabilize enzymatic activity (chelating agent, complexer of phenolics, and a compatible solute), and destabilizing agents (nonionic detergent and divalent cation). Leaf extract thermostability decreased with increasing tissue concentration from 6 to 60 g fresh weight per liter of buffer. Turbidity and precipitation occurred after exposure to higher temperatures as buffer pH increased from 6.0 to 7.0. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (chelating agent) and polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (complexer of alkaloids and phenolics) had relatively small effects on extract thermostability. Nonionic detergent (Tween 20) destabilized extract thermostability, especially when incorporated in the extraction buffer. Calcium reduced thermostability by about 2 °C when added as CaCl2 at 1 mm. Calcium caused an increase in turbidity that was not directly associated with protein complexes and was not affected by treatment temperature. Mannitol, a compatible solute, increased the temperature at which turbidity and precipitation were induced, but only at high (500 mm) concentrations. Agents that stabilize or destabilize proteins at high temperatures can be assayed in plant extracts by measuring turbidity changes at 540 nm. These findings can be applied to functional studies determining the basis for differences in thermotolerance between genotypes and between control and acclimated tissues.
Lipid Peroxidation and Plant Tissue Disorders: Introduction to the Workshop
In HortScience Volume 30 (1995): Issue 2 (Apr 1995)
Production of Methanol from Heat-stressed Pepper and Corn Leaf Disks
`Early Calwonder' pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and `Jubilee' corn (Zea mays L.) leaf disks exposed to high temperature stress produced ethylene, ethane, methanol, acetaldehyde, and ethanol based on comparison of retention times during gas chromatography to authentic standards. Methanol, ethanol, and acetaldehyde were also identified by mass spectroscopy. Corn leaf disks produced lower levels of ethylene, ethane, and methanol, but more acetaldehyde and ethanol than pepper. Production of ethane, a by-product of lipid peroxidation, coincided with an increase in electrolyte leakage (EL) in pepper but not in corn. Compared with controls, pepper leaf disks infiltrated with linolenic acid evolved significantly greater amounts of ethane, acetaldehyde, and methanol and similar levels of ethanol. EL and volatile hydrocarbon production were not affected by fatty acid infiltration in corn. Infiltration of pepper leaves with buffers increasing in pH from 5.5 to 9.5 increased methanol production.
Supercooling Strawberry Plants Inoculated with Ice-nucleation-active Bacteria and Treated with Frostgard
Jeffrey A. Anderson and Julia Whitworth
Frostgard did not effectively promote the supercooling of flowering `Arking' strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.) plants in the presence or absence of ice-nucleation-active bacteria when applied as a spray in laboratory experiments. Frostgard effectively promoted supercooling and reduced the ice propagation rate of aqueous solutions. Detached leaves infiltrated with Frostgard exhibited a negative linear relationship between freezing temperature and Frostgard concentrations from 0% to 20% (by volume). Leaves infiltrated with 20% Frostgard supercooled 1.7C lower than those infiltrated with distilled water. Ice propagation barriers in strawberry plants were observed. Individual leaves froze independently, and a thermal ice propagation barrier sometimes was observed at the crown.
Canopy Shade and Soil Mulch Affect Yield and Solar Injury of Bell Pepper
B. Warren Roberts and Jeffrey A. Anderson
Experiments were conducted from 1989 to 1991 to compare the effectiveness of various cultural techniques in reducing solar injury (SI) and increasing yield of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum var. annuum `California Wonder') in southern Oklahoma. Treatments included black plastic mulch, white plastic mulch, straw mulch, living rye, spunbonded polypropylene used as a plant canopy shade, and bare soil. Marketable yields from plots shaded with spunbonded polypropylene rowcovers were equal to or greater than those from other treatments each year. Two out of 3 years, plots with a black plastic soil mulch had marketable yields lower than those from other treatments. SI was reduced by rowcover shade.
ELECTROLYTE LEAKAGE AND EVOLUTION OF ETHYLENE AND ETHANE FROM PEPPER LEAF DISKS FOLLOWING TEMPERATURE STRESS AND FATTY ACID INFILTRATION
Geeta K. Nanaiah and Jeffrey A. Anderson
Electrolyte leakage (EL) and ethane:ethylene ratio (EER) responses of pepper (Capsicum annuum L. Early Calwonder) leaf disks to temperature stresses were in close agreement. Midpoints of sigmoidal response curves following freezing stress were -4.6 and -4.4C for EL and EER, and 49.0 and 48.8C following high temperature stress. Evolution of ethane and EL were measured from disks infiltrated with a saturation series of 18-carbon fatty acids ranging from 0 to 3 double bonds. Only linolenic acid (18:3 n-3) stimulated ethane production and EL. In a second fatty acid experiment with 18- and 20-carbon acids with a double bond 3 (n-3) or 6 (n-6) carbons from the nonpolar end of the molecule, n-3 fatty acids stimulated more ethane than n-6 acids with the same number of carbons. Trienoic 18-carbon fatty acids stimulated more ethane than trienoic 20-carbon acids. Both 18-carbon acids yielded significantly greater EL than controls. Propyl gallate, a free radical scavenger, reduced ethane production without decreasing EL or K+ leakage.
Electrolyte leakage (EL) and ethane: ethylene ratio (EER) responses of pepper (Capsicum annuum L. `Early Calwonder') leaf disks to temperature stresses were in close agreement. Midpoints of sigmoidal response curves following freezing stress were -4.6 and -4.4C for EL and EER, respectively, and 49.0 and 48.7C following high-temperature stress. Leaf disks exposed to temperatures below -4C in freezing experiments were induced to freeze while disks held at -4C and higher avoided freezing by supercooling. Evolution of ethane and EL were measured from disks infiltrated with a saturation series of 18-C fatty acids ranging from 0 to 3 double bonds. Only cis-9,12,15 linolenic acid (18:3 n-3) stimulated ethane production and EL. In a second fatty acid experiment with 18 and 20-C acids with a double bond 3 (n-3) or 6 (n-6) carbons from the nonpolar end of the molecule, n-3 fatty acids stimulated more ethane than n-6 acids with the same number of carbons. Trienoic 18-C fatty acids stimulated more ethane than trienoic 20-C acids. Both 18-C trienoic acids yielded significantly greater EL, while values from 20-C fatty acids were only slightly higher than those of controls. Propyl gallate, a free radical scavenger, reduced ethane production without decreasing EL or K+ leakage.
Protein Aggregation, Radical Scavenging Capacity, and Stability of Hydrogen Peroxide Defense Systems in Heat-stressed Vinca and Sweet Pea Leaves
Jeffrey A. Anderson and Sonali R. Padhye
Although heat stress injury is known to be associated with membrane dysfunctions, protein structural changes, and reactions of activated forms of oxygen, the underlying mechanisms involved are poorly understood. In this study, the relationships between thermotolerance and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) defense systems, radical scavenging capacity [based on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) reduction], and protein aggregation were examined in vinca [Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don `Little Bright Eye'], a heat tolerant plant, and sweet pea (Lathyrus odoratus L. `Explorer Mix'), a heat susceptible plant. Vinca leaves were 5.5 °C more thermotolerant than sweet pea leaves based on electrolyte leakage analysis. Vinca leaf extracts were more resistant to protein aggregation at high temperatures than sweet pea leaf extracts, with precipitates forming at ≥40 °C in sweet pea and at ≥46 °C in vinca. Vinca leaves also had nearly three times greater DPPH radical scavenging capacity than sweet pea leaf extracts. Two enzymatic detoxifiers of H2O2, catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APOX), demonstrated greater activities in vinca leaves than in sweet pea leaves. In addition, CAT and APOX were more thermostable in vinca, compared with sweet pea leaves. However, tissue H2O2 levels did not differ between controls and tissues injured or killed by heat stress in either species, suggesting that H2O2 did not play a direct role in acute heat stress injury in vinca or sweet pea leaves. Greater thermotolerance in vinca, compared with sweet pea, was associated with greater DPPH radical scavenging capacity, indicating that AOS other than H2O2 may be involved in acute heat stress injury.


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CNN: Senate Democrats call for hearings on workplace sexual misconduct
Washington (CNN) - Some Senate Democrats are calling for hearings to evaluate sexual assault and harassment in the workplace, as the #MeToo movement brings the discussion to the national forefront. In a letter sent by Democratic Sen. Elizabeth Warren and signed by all Democrats on the US Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions, the lawmakers call for the committee "to play a leadership role in tackling the problem of workplace sexual harassment and assault." ... "As members … Continue Reading
Associated Press: Delegation: More mental health help needed for Puerto Rico
BOSTON (AP) - The state's all-Democratic congressional delegation is pressing federal officials on efforts to address mental health challenges in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands following Hurricanes Irma and Maria. In a letter Friday to Assistant Secretary for Mental Health and Substance Use Elinore McCance-Katz, the 11-member delegation, led by Sen. Elizabeth Warren, points out hurricanes and tropical storms can trigger emotional distress. The letter notes Puerto Rico's single suicide … Continue Reading
The Hill: Warren leads Senate Dem call for sexual harassment hearings
Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.) is leading a call for hearings on sexual misconduct in the workplace in a letter signed by all Democrats on the Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee. "As members of the committee, it is our duty to ensure that workers are protected from sexual assault and harassment in their jobs," the letter said. "The deluge of workers who have come forward to report incidents of workplace sexual harassment and assault in recent months has rightly caused Congress to … Continue Reading
The Intercept: Elizabeth Warren Wants to Know Why a Banned Banker is a Senior Adviser at the EPA
SEN. ELIZABETH WARREN is questioning whether Albert Kelly, a senior adviser at the Environmental Protection Agency, is fit for his job. Warren, a Massachusetts Democrat, sent Kelly a letter requesting information from Kelly in light of The Intercept's December investigation that revealed he had been banned from the financial industry. "Given your troubled financial history, as well as your lack of experience in environmental policy and regulation, I am concerned that you served as Chairman of … Continue Reading
Springfield Republican: US Sens. Ed Markey, Elizabeth Warren push bill to repeal medical device tax
U.S. Sens. Ed Markey and Elizabeth Warren, D-Massachusetts, announced legislation this week that seeks to end the Affordable Care Act's excise tax on medical devices. The senators, who unveiled their so-called "No Taxation on Device Innovation Act" Thursday, said the measure would eliminate the 2.3 percent excise tax the controversial health care law imposed on devices ranging from surgical tools to pacemakers. The bill, they added, would offset the cost of repealing the tax, which was … Continue Reading
Boston Globe: Senator Elizabeth Warren leads Mass. delegation to Puerto Rico
WASHINGTON - Senator Elizabeth Warren is leading most of Massachusetts' congressional delegation on a trip to storm-ravaged Puerto Rico, where the group will tour a children's hospital and shelter Friday. In a joint statement, the lawmakers said Massachusetts is the "proud home" of 300,000 Puerto Ricans, with thousands more journeying to the state after Hurricane Maria hit. "We're going to Puerto Rico to see firsthand the devastation on the island and how we can help our fellow citizens along … Continue Reading
Springfield Republican: Elizabeth Warren, Thom Tillis offer bipartisan Senate bill to protect veterans from predatory lending
U.S. Sens. Elizabeth Warren, D-Massachusetts, and Thom Tillis, R-North Carolina, announced legislation this week that aims to protect veterans from predatory home loan practices by requiring lenders to show how borrowers would benefit from refinancing their mortgages. The lawmakers said the proposed bill, known as the Protecting Veterans from Predatory Lending Act of 2018, would target lenders abusing the Department of Veteran's Affairs' home loan program through misleading advertisements and … Continue Reading
Reuters: U.S. Senate Democrats propose fines for credit reporting agency hacks
WASHINGTON, Jan 10 (Reuters) - Two Senate Democrats are proposing large new fines for credit reporting agencies that lose consumers' personal information in data breaches, according to a bill they introduced on Wednesday. ... Senators Mark Warner and Elizabeth Warren's bill is in response to a data breach at Equifax that put the information of 145 million Americans at risk. The bill faces an uphill climb in a Republican-led Congress, but if it became law, would allow the government to fine as … Continue Reading
American Banker: Warren, Warner propose 'massive' fines for breaches at credit bureaus
WASHINGTON - Sens. Elizabeth Warren, D-Mass., and Mark Warner, D-Va., are set Wednesday to introduce a bill that would create mandatory penalties for data breaches at credit reporting agencies. "Our bill imposes massive and mandatory penalties for data breaches at companies like Equifax - and provides robust compensation for affected consumers - which will put money back into people's pockets and help stop these kinds of breaches from happening again," Warren said in a press release. The Data … Continue Reading
Reuters: Senator Warren says U.S. needs to 'rethink' money laundering laws
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Democratic Senator Elizabeth Warren said on Tuesday the United States needed to review outdated laws for combating money laundering which are creating an undue compliance burden for small and community banks. During a Congressional hearing on Tuesday, Warren said she supported more stringent company ownership disclosure requirements and changing the threshold for reporting suspicious transactions in order to make life easier for small lenders and law enforcement. "Money … Continue Reading
Springfield Republican: Springfield Mayor Domenic Sarno, others join Elizabeth Warren in speaking out against proposed federal funding cuts
Springfield Mayor Domenic Sarno joined U.S. Sen. Elizabeth Warren, D-Massachusetts, and other mayors from across the state this week in raising concerns about the impacts proposed federal funding cuts could have on local cities and towns. The Democrat, in a video released by Warren's office, again urged President Donald Trump against ending funding for the the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's Community Development Block Grant program, which helps cities and towns ensure … Continue Reading
Springfield Republican: U.S. Sen. Elizabeth Warren: AG Jeff Sessions' marijuana policy shift is 'incredibly destructive'
U.S. Sen. Elizabeth Warren, D-Massachusetts, on Monday called Attorney General Jeff Sessions' elimination of rules that allowed states to legalize marijuana "an incredibly destructive thing to do." Sessions last week rescinded an Obama-era memo that said the Department of Justice would not prosecute marijuana users and businesses who were conforming with state law in states that legalized recreational marijuana use. Instead, Sessions is leaving it up to each U.S. Attorney how to prosecute … Continue Reading
Springfield Republican: U.S. Sen. Elizabeth Warren pushes for community health center funding stalled in Congress
BOSTON -- After touring a Roxbury community health center, U.S. Sen. Elizabeth Warren, D-Massachusetts, called on Congress to provide long-term funding to community health centers and a children's health insurance program. "Right now, Congress has failed in its responsibility to you and the people of Massachusetts and the people of America," Warren said during a roundtable with health care professionals at the Dimock Center. Funding for community health centers and a children's health … Continue Reading
The Hill: Warren blasts Mulvaney for 'unjustified' actions at consumer bureau
Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.) accused the acting director of the consumer bureau of using concerns about cybersecurity to sabotage the agency's oversight of the financial sector. Warren, in a letter released Monday, said acting Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Director Mick Mulvaney had been "hobbling the agency" by suspending data collection. "I fear that the freeze in data collection has in practice fundamentally changed how the CFPB interacts with its regulated entities," wrote Warren … Continue Reading
The Hill: Warren rips Trump over immigration demands: 'Dreamers aren't bargaining chips'
Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.) slammed President Trump on Friday over his newly released priorities for an immigration deal. Warren tweeted that recipients of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program, commonly referred to as "Dreamers," should not be used as "bargaining chips." "Dreamers aren't bargaining chips," Warren tweeted. "They aren't pawns in @realDonaldTrump's game. We made a promise. We said come out of the shadows & be fully woven into the fabric of America … Continue Reading
WGBH: Sen. Warren: Trump's North Korea Tweets Are "Dangerous"
Sen. Elizabeth Warren told WGBH News that her colleagues in Washington are concerned about President Trump's mental health, following a series of recent tweets sent by Trump targeting North Korean leader Kim Jong Un. "There's a lot of talk about it in D.C., and a lot of talk about the fact that he says one thing today and says something different tomorrow and says something very different the day after that - much of this is dangerous," Warren said. "I mean, trying to taunt Kim Jong Un, that … Continue Reading
Springfield Republican: Massachusetts congressional delegation calls for release of additional home heating assistance funds
With frigid temperatures and a winter storm bearing down on the Northeast, Massachusetts congressional lawmakers urged the Trump administration Thursday to release more federal funding to help low-income Americans heat their homes. All 11 members of the state's congressional delegation penned a letter to Eric Hargan, the acting secretary and deputy secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, urging the agency to immediately release as much of the remaining 10 percent of Low … Continue Reading
WISH TV: Senators Todd Young, Elizabeth Warren introduce bill to increase oversight of taxpayer money
WASHINGTON (WISH) - Indiana Republican Senator Todd Young and Senator Elizabeth Warren, a Democrat from Massachusetts, have introduced a bill to increase oversight of taxpayer dollars. The bill, which is called The Good Accounting Obligation in Government Act, would require government organizations to provide annual reports to Congress on about the status on implementing recommendations from the Office of Inspector General and the Government Accountability Office. ... "I'm glad to partner with … Continue Reading
Berkshire Eagle: Markey and Warren want firm action from EPA and FERC for pipeline's discharge of 'hazardous wastewater' in Agawam
A discharge of 16,500 gallons of "hazardous wastewater" from pipeline testing in Agawam has prompted intervention by the two U.S. senators that represent Massachusetts. In a letters to federal regulators, U.S. Sens. Edward Markey and Elizabeth Warren said Tennessee Gas Pipeline Co.'s release of pressure testing wastewater Nov. 20 poses a threat to public health and the environment in surrounding communities. "This wastewater reportedly contains heavy metals and carcinogenic chemicals," the … Continue Reading
Washington Post: Elizabeth Warren wants the Education Dept.'s use of earnings data investigated
Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.) is asking the U.S. Department of Education's inspector general to investigate the agency's use of earnings data to grant partial student loan forgiveness to defrauded borrowers. The request arrives two weeks after the department said it will provide debt relief to former students of Corinthian Colleges by comparing the average earnings of students in similar vocational programs. That earnings information is collected under gainful employment, a regulation that … Continue Reading


Richard J. Bigler is a native of Box Elder County. He grew up in Mantua and graduated from Box Elder High School. After graduating from optometry school, he practiced in California for a while and returned to Brigham City in 1996 to practice at Brigham Eye Specialists. He specializes in contact lens fitting and general optometry.


Patterns By Jen: Beginners Unite! A beginner's quilting series.
A few weeks ago some fellow designers were helping me "find myself." Who am I as a designer, where is my heart? All along my heart has desired to bring new quilters to this wonderful craft. So here we are, at the very beginning.
A few things before we kick this off.
2) This is just how I do things. I don't turn my quilts in to be judged at shows, I make them to make me happy.
3) It is not "my way or the highway" here. It is "this is my way, use it if you will, but find your way and do that."
4) I am still learning new things. It's a great big quilting world out there, never stop learning!
5) There are no affiliations here. What I use is what I love, and I'm just sharing them with you. Find and use what you love.
6) Please feel free to share your tips for each section in the comments. This is about growing as quilters.
7) I am human. Yep, I said it before, but as I go forward with this, I may or may not be able to keep this to a once a week series for the next few weeks. That whole "never stop learning" thing goes for blogging, too. I am definitely at the beginning of that mountain. Plus, there is a rumor going around that I have an 18 year old set to graduate this spring. I don't know, I tend to ignore those nasty rumors.
I think every Tuesday will be the goal. Here is the planned list of topics, but if I think of others as I go, they will be added as well.
See something I missed? Leave a suggestion in the comments! I'm so excited to get started with this. Send those new quilters over and lets help them find a love of this amazing thing we call quilting!
It all begins Tuesday, May 9th!
Oh Jen! What a brilliant idea for a series. I can't wait to read all your tips and tricks. Beginner or not, we can all learn a little from other quilters. Suggestion? How about a post on fabric/color selection. I know when I was a new quilter I was so intimidated and overwhelmed by all of the choices out there.
Sounds like a great series, Jen!
Thank you, Paige! I'm excited to get started!
Looks like there's something for everyone, not just beginners.
Hi Sandy! This is just a series that I post every Tuesday. You can get email updates when the post goes lives by entering your email address in the "Follow by email" box under my profile on the left.
Just found you right in time!! Looking forward to this series. Thanks for doing it!!
So glad to have you along!!
I know I am late to the party but I am a 4-H leader. I would love to use your lesson to teach these kids how to sew. Is it okay as long as I give you credit?


Mark your calendars--CTT's first Facebook live event will be happening on April 16 at 1 p.m. CDT!
Roger Carp will be answering YOUR questions about our upcoming special issue, Lionel Trains of the 1950s.
You may have some questions. First, what is "Facebook Live?" This will be a live event on Facebook. You may join the video and submit your question for Roger to answer. If you are unable to "attend" the event, a video will be made and saved to the CTT Facebook page. You may watch the video after the event, or share it with friends.
Not a member of CTT's Facebook page? Visit www.Facebook.com/ClassicToyTrains to join!
Once you're a member, here is how to access/see the Facebook live feed.
Our upcoming special issue. 200 pages of postwar fun!
Of course, there are some ground rules. This event will be limited to the discussion of Lionel trains from the 1950s only. NO other questions will be answered. This includes questions about the values of items, where to find parts, how to sell/auction items, etc.
You may submit your questions early so Roger can prepare his answer. Please comment with your questions and we'll make sure Roger has them for the event.
Thanks for participating and for reading CTT!


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Firefighter research shows PPE exposure risk
New testing examines how particles can penetrate firefighter protective gear with some surprising results.
By Jeffrey O. and Grace G. Stull
In previous articles, we discussed how firefighters are exposed to a variety of fireground contaminants. We have even gone so far as to pinpoint the blame that many of these exposures primarily occur due to the lack of liquid-tight interfaces between the different parts of the protective ensemble.
Further, it is our opinion that the protective hood worn as an interface device is due for improvement. Our contention has been that the protective hood has the difficult function of having to create an interface with several ensemble parts that include the SCBA facepiece, the helmet and ear covers, and the coat collar.
Even when all these clothing item are properly deployed and worn as instructed by manufacturers, there are portions of the head and face that remain vulnerable due to the way that protective hoods have been institutionalized as part of the protective ensemble.
We further echo the outcry from many other organizations that there is an unacceptable increase in the rate of certain cancers striking down firefighters.
Exposure risks
While recent epidemiological studies appear to conclusively show that specific cancers occur at elevated rates as compared with the general population, there is a relatively difficult task to scientifically establish the cause link between fireground exposures at structural fires with the onset of specific chronic diseases including cancer.
Still, the International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified the occupation of firefighting as possibly carcinogenic and may change its findings to probably carcinogenic.
Exposure to cancer-causing agents likely occurs on the fireground as well as in the aftermath of firefighting activity, particularly if clothing is not cleaned. Firefighters lament that following a working structural fire, their work uniforms, under clothing, hair, and even their skin can continue to smell like smoke, sometimes even after repeated showers.
The fact is that fire smoke, which consists of minute particles, easily penetrates into the ensemble. And the problem is the unburned carbon that make up the bulk of those particles carry with them the toxic gases from the combustion process.
Particle infiltration study
While you can see the smoke, the particles are actually quite small — most have a diameter less than a fraction of a micron (approximately a hundred thousandth of an inch). It is no wonder how these particles get into your skin. Yet the moisture barrier layers used in garments, gloves, and footwear will prevent even particles of this size from infiltrating the clothing.
To show how firefighters can be contaminated by smoke, the International Association of Fire Fighters commissioned full ensemble particle exposure testing at Research Triangle Institute in early January. This evaluation involved a used turnout clothing system, configured with a SCBA and worn by a test subject in a particle-laden chamber.
The evaluation was performed per the Department of Defense based Fluorescent Aerosol Screening Test procedures where the individual was subjected to a high-level concentration of silica powder particles tagged with the fluorescent tracer having a particle size ranging from 0.1 to 10 microns. The test subject performed a variety of different movements over the course of a half hour while particles were blown through the chamber at 10 mph.
Following the exposure, the exterior of the garment was then wiped down and the ensemble carefully removed to avoid exterior particle transfer to the interior. Black light photography of the individual without the ensemble before the chamber exposure and after the exposure provided a means for detecting where inward leaking occurred.
The following pictures show the test and where the infiltration of particles was observed.
These results are extremely significant because they confirm the suspicion that a large amount exposure occurs to the vulnerable face and neck area that is not protected by the SCBA facepiece. The photographs also show particles entering the garment through the front closure and between the coat and pant interface to less significant extent.
Low levels of particle penetration were also observed at the glove-to-sleeve interface. But relatively surprising was the intensity of contamination on the calves above the boot line despite the extensive overlap between the pants and boots.
What these pictures show is what we have always known to be true, but never really cared to admit — smoke easily penetrates clothing, primarily at interface areas, and serves as pathway for firefighter exposure on the fireground.
This evidence should compel the fire service to take a serious look at the way it practices hygiene following a fire. This includes performing gross decontamination of gear at the scene, taking a shower as soon as possible following a structural fire as well as changing gloves and subjecting the gear to full cleaning.
The pictures also tell a story that the fire service industry may want to rethink how it approaches interfaces by developing clothing systems that create the least encumbrance while still trying to achieve some attenuation of particle infiltration.
It is one thing to write and speak about firefighter exposures, but it is an entirely different matter when pictures can tell you a truth about exposure that cannot be ignored.
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Carshalton and Wallington MP, Tom Brake is donating the many used postage stamps that come through his office to raise valuable funds for OCD-UK.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a serious anxiety-related condition where a person experiences frequent intrusive and unwelcome obsessional thoughts, often followed by repetitive compulsions, impulses or urges.
The illness affects as many as 12 in every 1000 people in the UK from young children to adults. It is a condition that is often misunderstood and can be so debilitating that the World Health Organisation (WHO) ranked OCD in the top 10 of the most disabling illnesses of any kind, in terms of lost earnings and diminished quality of life.
Tom's stamps will raise money for OCD-UK, which is one of two national charities dedicated to this condition. Based on current estimates for the UK population, there are potentially around 741,504 people living with OCD at any one time.
Tom said, "Every time you save and collect a used stamp for OCD-UK, you can raise valuable funds and help raise awareness about an illness that is not so commonly understood in our society. With so many people affected by OCD, we need to do as much as we can to help support charities like this, so they can carry on their amazing work."