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Nobel Laureate Thinks Bitcoin is an "Amazing" Bubble
American economist and Nobel Laureate Robert Shiller thinks bitcoin is a big bubble.
By Nermin Hajdarbegovic
Jan 24, 2014 at 9:52 p.m. UTC
Bitcoin Price to $10,000
American economist and Nobel Laureate Robert Shiller took part in an interesting panel discussion this week about digital trends at the World Economic Forum in Davos, and naturally he mentioned bitcoin.
Shiller said bitcoin is an inspiration thanks to its geeky roots, but he warned that it is not the way forward.
In fact, despite bitcoin's digital heritage, Shiller argued that it is a throwback to the dark ages, reports Business Insider.
Shiller's position is understandable, since he was awarded the 2013 Nobel Prize in Economics for his work on trend-spotting in asset markets. Shiller also examined the volatility of stock prices and their correlation with dividends.
The economists and his fellow laureates Eugene F. Fama and Lars Peter Hansen found that high future returns are usually viewed as compensation for holding risky assets during risky times. The researchers also focused on departures from rational investor behaviour and its impact on asset prices. Many a bitcoin speculator would undoubtedly find Shiller's work interesting.
Shiller is convinced bitcoin is a bubble and he is bemused by the fascination surrounding digital currencies. He said he is amazed by how people are excited by bitcoin – and bear in mind that a man who won the Nobel Prize for his work in the field of behavioural probably isn't easy to surprise, let alone amaze. Shiller said:
"It is a bubble, there is no question about it. ... It's just an amazing example of a bubble."
It would be rather presumptuous to argue with a Nobel laureate, but luckily someone already did that. Back in December Forbes put Shiller's work to the test, comparing his findings with the bitcoin bubble.
Forbes contributor Tim Worstall argued that preventing a bubble from forming in the bitcoin market is not easy, since the market is not developed and lacks many tools needed to detect a bubble.
However, Worstall said it is "more than likely" that we are in a bitcoin bubble.
Nermin Hajdarbegovic

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Jason Illoulian Proposes Nine-Story Hotel on Beverly at Robertson
Friday - February 10, 2017 by James F. Mills | 13 Comments
Faring's Jason Illoulian, left, and Darren Embry, right with illustrations of the proposed project on Beverly Boulevard.
A nine-story hotel on the southwest corner of Robertson and Beverly boulevards?
That was the idea that local developer Jason Illoulian proposed during a neighborhood meeting on Thursday night. The idea was met with mixed reactions. Several residents living nearby were strongly opposed, saying nine stories was far too high, while other residents and nearby business owners liked the idea, hoping it could help revitalize Robertson Boulevard, which has a number empty storefronts just south of Beverly Boulevard.
Emphasizing that this was merely a preliminary proposal, Illoulian said he wanted input from the community early in the development process to help create a building people would be happy with.
The Domus Design Collection building, once home to Charles and Ray Eames, at 8806 Beverly Blvd. (Photo courtesy of West Hollywood Design District)
"This is where we start the project, not where we end it," Illoulian told the group of approximately 30 people attending the meeting.
Through his real estate development company, Faring Capital, Illoulian owns the entire block on the south side of Beverly Boulevard between Robertson and Clark Drive. Current city zoning allows for a four-story building there. Since the block is in a "mixed-use overlay zone," which encourages both retail and residential units in the same project, buildings there can go another story (10 feet) higher. State law also allows the project to add an additional floor (10 more feet) if it includes "affordable housing" for low-income residents. Thus, a project can go up to six stories in height under the existing regulations.
However, since the building near Clark Drive abuts existing residential apartment buildings, Illoulian is proposing to break up the massing on that block. Rather than doing six stories across the entire block between Robertson and Clark, he suggested having just three stories near Clark, but nine stories near Robertson.
"We think it's better to do three [stories] and nine [stories] rather than six [stories] across," Illoulian said.
Several of the attendees who own homes nearby were aghast at the idea of nine stories, noting that such height could hurt their property values. "We'll fight nine, but would love four," said one person. Another said, "This is beautiful. The problem is the height."
However, resident Amanda Goodwin, who is a candidate for the West Hollywood City Council in the March 7 election, reminded attendees to keep an open mind and work with Illoulian. She noted that he has a record of creating projects that residents like, pointing to a residential project currently under construction on Doheny Drive, just above Santa Monica Boulevard, where the old Christmas tree and pumpkin patch lot used to be, that residents are happy with.
Going up to nine stories would require approval from the West Hollywood City Council, but Illoulian reminded attendees that the area already has several buildings nearby that are that tall – the 8899 Beverly building on Beverly Boulevard, the Pacific Theatres building on Robertson and several buildings at Cedars Sinai Medical Center.
The three stories near Clark Drive would have ground floor retail for shops and restaurants with residential units on the upper two floors, plus a rooftop swimming pool. The nine stories near Robertson Boulevard would have ground floor retail and a high-end luxury hotel on the floors above, possibly including residential units. The hotel would be called The Perry, a name chosen in honor of Illoulian's uncle, who loved to stay in luxury hotels. It could have as many as 130 rooms, plus an enclosed restaurant on the top floor with sweeping vistas.
The Michael Aram store on the southwest corner of Beverly and Robertson boulevards. (Photo courtesy of Michael Aram)
The upper floors of the entire building would be set back ten feet or more so as not to create a giant wall and overwhelm Beverly Boulevard. Additionally, the ground floor retail spaces would have varying setbacks from the sidewalk to create the feeling of separate buildings and add more of a neighborhood feeling, or a "human scale" as Illoulian phrased it. He cited the varying setbacks of the retail buildings along Melrose Place, between Melrose Avenue and La Cienega Boulevard, as an effect he hoped to emulate with this building.
Richard Giesbret, president of the West Hollywood West Residents Association, praised the setbacks and the entire building. He, too, noted that Illoulian is known for cooperating with residents.
This block of Beverly Boulevard is also home to the building housing the historic Herman Miller Furniture Company, a building Illoulian intends to keep and restore. The building, which dates back to the late 1940s, was the only commercial building designed by Charles and Ray Eames, according to Roy Oldenkamp, head of the West Hollywood Preservation Alliance. The Eames husband-and-wife team were much better known for designing mid-century modern furniture (including the famed Eames lounge chair), as well as residential houses. The Eames building, at 8806 Beverly Blvd., currently houses the DDC (Domus Design Collection) high-end furniture showroom. The building currently at the corner of Beverly and Robertson houses Michael Aram, a home decor shop that opened in July of last year.
Preserving the Eames building, which the preservation alliance hopes to get designated as a "historic cultural resource," will be a feat since the project calls for three levels of underground parking. Illoulian reported the Eames building would be carefully supported with stilts while they dig the parking garage beneath it.
Architect Benjamin Anderson of the Culver City-based R&A Design, Inc., told WEHOville that he and Illoulian have been planning the project for the past 18 months, soliciting input from many people and visiting other sites for inspiration. While no finalized drawings have been done, his initial sketches call for closing the alley behind Robertson that opens onto Beverly. The alley would be shifted to open on Clark Drive and would be at least 20 feet wide to allow for delivery and trash trucks. Additionally, the entrance for the underground parking garage and the hotel would be along Clark Avenue.
Several other community meetings will be held regarding the project in the coming months. Illoulian also offered to meet individually with people about their concerns.
Tags: beverly boulevard, domus design collection, eames, faring capital, hotel, jason illoulian, michael aram, robertson boulevard, west hollywood preservation alliance
City Council axes 'Out on Robertson' program
The Harper on Sunset: Your questions answered
Party on Robertson Blvd. might get louder
Development Woes
After taking a closer look at this property today, it seems as though the correct architect could and should be inspired by the Eames Building. It could in essence become the ground level pediment of an overall concept. Simplicity, not a bloated Gehryesque facsimile.
Is this even within the city of WeHo?
Jsmooth
I don't get this, there is an alley between the Clark building which is also Historic. So they want to build on 2 historic buildings and what about the alley?
That corner needs something special that will also embrace the Eames Building. I'm sure Jason will be able to pull it off but don't feel that the initial design rendering has got it right. It feels well short of Robinson Lane and the potential for this important corner in the Fashion/Design District.
Greed killed Robertson Boulevard. A number of small owner operated shops were driven out by greedy landlords and overzealous real estate brokers. The same thing happened immediately East of La Cienega on Melrose. Other areas that are booming such as Melrose and San Vicente are not immune to this.
Robertson Blvd needs revitalization now before it becomes a toxic wasteland of empty storefronts. This would go a long way to bringing back much needed energy and tax revenue.
carleton cronin
Let's see now…it's the good old electioneering period. This shouldn't take much time to get approved.
Hopefully this project can revitalize that part of Robertson. Ever since the talent agency moved out the Pacific Theaters building, this street has been dying a slow death. Also it is important to note that Hotels have the least significant traffic impact because people staying there generally do not have cars and are coming and going during non rush hour periods so this could actually be the best use of that corner.
Haletiki
It's a trade-off – a reasoned idea with benefits, not a brazen land grab like so many others.
West Hollywood and LA residents on Clark benefit. The alternative 6-story block does not have similar benefits.
The owner was clear and deliberate, distinctly unlike many developments proposed in the city.
Planning and Council should take note.
fine7760
Alison, we can only hope that a reverse conversion can take place with so many hotels and the rooms become condo's or apartments when the hotels don't work out.
As far as the hotel parking using Clark St. I believe that is unacceptable. Commercial using residential streets for entrance and exiting parking is proper.
how many hotels does this City need?
"The only commercial building designed by Charles & Ray Eames" – I didn't know it existed but now that I look at it on Google Street, I can see the clean lines of mid-century modernism that defined Eames furniture. I'm glad that this building will be preserved and restored. It deserves the attention. Frankly, the building on the south/west corner (also, at one time, Armani Casa, if I remember correctly) wouldn't be missed. But this intersection is always busy and often a jammed cluster F#@*. How a hotel will work there is anyone's guess, but it's not going to help… Read more »


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Katherine Zappone speaks out on Special Envoy job after heavy criticism
Dan Grennan
Former Children's Minister Katherine Zappone has turned down the role of the Government's Special Envoy on Freedom of Opinion and Expression after coming under immense political pressure.
It follows reports that Ms Zappone held a private event at the Merrion Hotel with 50 guests, including Tanaiste Leo Varadkar, six days before the Cabinet decided to move ahead with her appointment.
The event was held when the Failte Ireland guidelines for hotels stipulated that 'organised events, indoor and outdoor, are not permitted' unless they are weddings or 'non-social meetings'.
Former Children's Minister Katherine Zappone has turned down the role of the Government's Special Envoy on Freedom of Opinion and Expression after coming under immense political pressure. Pic: Gareth Chaney/Collins
The former Independent TD, that served in alongside Leo Varadkar in the last Fine Gael led Government, released a brief statement as to why she was not taking up the position offered to her by the Irish Government.
'While I am honoured to have been appointed by the Government to be the Special Envoy on Freedom of Opinion and Expression, it is clear that criticism of the appointment process has impacted the legitimacy of the role itself,' it read.
'It is my conviction that a Special Envoy role can only be of real value to Ireland and to the global community if the appointment is acceptable to all parties.
'For this reason, I have decided not to accept this appointment, and I have communicated my decision to the Minister for Foreign Affairs.'
It follows reports that Ms Zappone held a private event at the Merrion Hotel with 50 guests, including Tanaiste Leo Varadkar, six days before the Cabinet decided to move ahead with her appointment. Pic: Gareth Chaney/Collins
There had been calls for clarity over the appointment process as two opposition TDs called on Ms Zappone to reject the offer after the revelations that she held the private event and drew similarities to the Golfgate scandal.
People before Profit's Paul Murphy said: 'If it is the case, and it certainly appears to be, that the event was organised in contravention of the rules that were then in place, well then that's a very serious problem.
'In effect, it's a sort of Golfgate situation again, one year on from the last one, whereby some in society, those at the top of the political establishment, seem to think that the rules don't really apply to them, and that they only apply to the little people,' Mr Murphy told reporters.
Sinn Fein TD Matt Carthy said at Leinster House: 'Questions need to be answered in relation to how precisely a former Cabinet colleague of the Minister for Foreign Affairs is offered what is essentially a made-up job.
The event was held when the Failte Ireland guidelines for hotels stipulated that 'organised events, indoor and outdoor, are not permitted' unless they are weddings or 'non-social meetings'. Pic: Gareth Chaney/Collins
'That's what we're talking about here, a job at the expense of taxpayers, and without any criteria, without any process, and with zero transparency,' he added.
Taoiseach says rent tax credit to remain permanent
'Grateful even to the vegans' -- White Moose Cafe in limbo as Charleville Lodge to get new owners
'Some brassneck' -- Angry scenes in Dail as McDonald and Varadkar clash over Paschal Donohue
Fine Gael arts spokesperson apologises for comment on Dublin band's TV appearance
Emily Atack 'feels like she's being sexually assaulted hundreds of times a day'


While we were in Southern Alberta for July 1st, at my parents house, there was a magnificent storm. Luckily, I had a pair of newlyweds handy (My brother and his new wife) to be my models.
And a few of just the skies. Pretty amazing.


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Home Modular Construction News The outlook for modular and offsite post-Covid
The outlook for modular and offsite post-Covid
Studies by AMA Research have pinpointed the sectors that will experience an upturn from the Covid-19 pandemic, with both modular and offsite construction set to grow
The impact of Covid-19 on the economy is still highly uncertain. Several economic forecasters have put a wide range of predictions in the public realm. Most assumed a deep contraction in Q2 2020 of from 5% up to as much as 35% followed by a rapid recovery and a return to near previous levels of output by the end of 2020. Almost every part of the economy has been impacted in some part by the global pandemic.
AMA Research has been following the goings-on throughout lockdown and now into the easing. Among the gloom, we're seeing there may in fact be several sectors that will see an upturn following on from the pandemic and assisting the UK find its "new normal".
Prefabricated volumetric building systems
Prefabricated volumetric building systems is one such sector. Permanent volumetric building systems were estimated to account for around 40-45% of total market by value at MSP. Would the addition of current social distancing measures only increase this? The ability to turn up on site with a structure almost entirely ready to go can only help when keeping workers apart.
The biggest market for volumetric products is temporary accommodation on construction and industrial sites and event hire, which is worth around £350m-£380m annually. Though events are down, some short-term demand from the health and possibly the grocery sector to expand consumer capacity through the pandemic timeline may also be in demand. Growth may also come from some bounce back for the construction sector after the restrictions are lifted and longer-term, the outlook for the volumetric sector is positive.
It is forecast that the market will grow by 14% between 2020 and 2024. This is down to an increasing number of public sector procurement frameworks that include several key modular building contractors, and an increasing use of Building Information Modelling. More importantly, there is now a strong likelihood of an increase in the use of volumetric and other types of offsite construction methods to help meet the chronic housing shortage and cope with the lack of traditional construction skills within the industry. By 2024, the housing sector is expected to account for 12%-14% of market value, up from 9%-11% in 2019.
Hayley Thornley, the editor of the Prefabricated Volumetric Building Systems Market Report, said: "The outlook for the volumetric building systems market remains difficult to predict given the lack of published data in this sector and the continued uncertainty, not only the construction sector but also the wider UK economy. Steady growth in this market is expected over the next few years to 2024, underpinned by the increasing use of offsite construction methods to help meet the chronic housing shortage and cope with the lack of traditional construction skills."
Offsite housing construction
All methods of offsite housing construction look set to grow in a post-pandemic world. Demand will be driven by several factors: the ongoing shortage of homes across England, which has certainly had a pause put on through the pandemic and lockdown. The declining numbers of key skilled tradesmen and professionals, which in turn increases demand in offsite housing manufacturing and output capacity. This is assisted by the number of systems with quality assurance.
Key areas of demand are likely to be where there is an urgency to increase the rate of completions – eg affordable housing – and where offsite methods are particularly well suited, eg Build-to-Rent. This could almost certainly be a consideration as demand increases as lockdown eases.
Other than timber frame, the use of other offsite technologies for housing has been limited. From 2019, however, demand for and supply of volumetric and closed panel systems should grow. There are a number of big-name key players in this sector including Legal & General, Laing O' Rourke and Urban Splash.
There are also new superstructure materials being brought to market, eg autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) and composite material, such as Tufeco, a monolithic panelised system of polymer concrete derived from silica extracted from glass recyclate. A core driver underpinning growth is the significant increase in third party investment, eg from Goldman Sachs, leading Japanese offsite housing manufacturer Sekisui House and housing developers such as Barratt Homes and Berkeley Group.
Warehouse and storage sector
Our third area to watch for growth is the warehouse and storage sector. Previously, demand for warehousing floorspace across all regions has been strong, with take-up rising by 25% in 2018. After years of decline, confidence has now returned to the warehouse sector, which is set to become a long-term growth area, driven by a change in consumer habits and the structural shift in consumer spending to online; a habit that has only increased since the Covid-19 pandemic hit the UK.
Contractors' output in the warehouse market was estimated to have risen by 10% in 2018. AMA Research predicted this growth and sees further growth with the industrial sector as things get back on track through 2021. Warehousing provides a potentially quick restart for the sector given the relatively short timespans of most warehousing construction projects.
Demand for well-located, high-quality warehouse space remains strong as retailers, web shops and third-party logistics operators respond to the growing e-commerce sector. The demand for 'mid box' units (50,000 sq ft to 99,999 sq ft) remained popular in 2018; however, it is yet to be seen whether the square footage demand increases with more business being done online. Pre-Covid, there was a resumption of speculative development, weighted towards the East and West Midlands and South East, areas that are still well positioned for growth post-Covid.
Data centre construction
Responding too to increased online activity, since 2015, the data centre construction market has grown from around £1bn at installed values to £1.24bn in 2019. This is largely underpinned by high levels of take-up in the co-location sector. Although overall growth rates have been constrained by declining levels of investment in public sector data centres, the government's long-term cloud-first policy favours outsourcing to wholesale and co-location providers in order to reduce expenditure on operating its own data centres.
The impact of the Covid-19 outbreak is expected to severely hamper growth in data centre construction output in 2020. However, once the epidemic is over, strong growth will resume, underpinned by the underlying factors driving up greater IT and internet use.
London and the M25 region remains the largest data centre cluster, although recently there has been rapid growth elsewhere, with new clusters in Wiltshire, Leicestershire, South Wales and Cambridgeshire. Manchester and Scotland are also becoming more established data centre markets. This has been driven by a combination of lower costs compared with the M25 region and improvements in technology.
The data centre contracting market is very fragmented. While most large M&E contracting businesses are key players, companies involved in data centre construction range from major building contracting groups and commercial developers to data centre specialists and operators, modular building manufacturers and IT equipment suppliers.
Throughout the pandemic and lockdown AMA Research has been tracking the economy and construction sectors. Our reports are updated to reflect the changes brought by Covid-19 and its specific impact within particular sectors.
Thankfully, it has not been all doom and gloom and we can see an uplift for several sectors as restrictions ease and businesses are able to continue with output. It is especially worth noting that the sectors that are able to access offsite construction, data storage or warehousing will more than likely be in demand in the short to medium term. It will as always be interesting to see where this takes the UK economy and how this will affect the way in which the UK populous live and work in the years to come.
Lesley-May Baker
AMA Research
www.amaresearch.co.uk
Twitter: @AMAResearch
LinkedIn: AMA Research ltd
Facebook: AMAResearchLtd
Instagram: @ama_research
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Critical point

References

CRC.a-d
David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 6, Fluid Properties; Critical Constants. Also agrees with Celsius values from Section 4: Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds, Melting, Boiling, Triple, and Critical Point Temperatures of the Elements
Estimated accuracy for Tc and Pc is indicated by the number of digits. Above 750 K Tc values may be in error by 10 K or more. Vc values are not assumed accurate more than to a few percent. Parentheses indicate extrapolated values. From these sources:
(a) D. Ambrose, Vapor-Liquid Constants of Fluids, in R.M. Stevenson, S. Malanowski, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, Elsevier, New York, (1987).
(b) I.G. Dillon, P.A. Nelson, B.S. Swanson, J. Chem. Phys. 44, 4229, (1966).
(c) O. Sifner, J. Klomfar, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 23, 63, (1994).
(d) N.B. Vargaftik, Int. J. Thermophys. 11, 467, (1990).

LNG
J.A. Dean (ed), Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (15th Edition), McGraw-Hill, 1999; Section 6; Table 6.5 Critical Properties

KAL
National Physical Laboratory, Kaye and Laby Tables of Physical and Chemical Constants; D. Ambrose, M.B. Ewing, M.L. McGlashan, Critical constants and second virial coefficients of gases (retrieved Dec 2005)

SMI
W.E. Forsythe (ed.), Smithsonian Physical Tables 9th ed., online version (1954; Knovel 2003). Table 259, Critical Temperatures, Pressures, and Densities of Gases

See also

Phase transitions
Units of pressure
Temperature
Properties of chemical elements
Chemical element data pages

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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FDA Under Fire for Corporate Links that Compromise Science
Political interference in the process of science and rampant conflicts of interest in scientific advisory panels are undermining the agency's ability to protect the public from dangerous drugs. Sam Burcher
FDA under fire from its own scientists
The FDA is already deeply mired in controversy over drugs trials in Third World countries [1] (FDA in Third World drug trial scandals, this issue) The Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) has fanned the fires by releasing the results of a survey that demonstrates the pervasive political influence on science at the FDA [2].
The survey was sent to 5 918 FDA scientists and elicited 997 replies. Almost one fifth of scientists (18.4 percent) said that they "have been asked for non-scientific reasons to inappropriately exclude, or alter technical information or their conclusions in FDA scientific documents."
This response ech oes previous public complaints made by FDA scientists who said that their findings on the painkiller Vioxx produced by Merck & Co were dismissed [3]. Merck eventually had to pull Vioxx from the market because of a study that linked the doubling of heart risk to the use of the drug. This is a serious indictment of FDA's lack of accountability, and one that compromises their ability to protect public health and safety.
Other responses to the UCS survey showed that:
17 percent had been asked by FDA officials to provide incomplete, inaccurate or misleading information to the public, regulated industry, media, or elected/senior government officials
40 percent fear retaliation from voicing safety concerns in public
47 percent, that's less than half, think that the FDA routinely provides complete and accurate information to the public
61 percent knew of cases where Department of Health and Human Services or FDA political appointees have inappropriately injected themselves into FDA determinations of actions
81 percent agreed that the public would be better served if the independence and authority of FDA post-market safety systems were strengthened.
Dr Francesca Grifo, Senior Scientist and Director of UCS's Scientific Integrity Programs [2] said, "FDA leaders should act now to improve transparency and accountability and renew the respect for independent science at the agency."
Conflicts of interest rampant at the FDA
But how do drugs like Vioxx get onto the market in the first place? A study published this year by Washington based consumer advocates The Public Citizens Health Group [4] found that conflicts of interests were rampant within the FDA's 16 drug committees and 32 other advisory panels. In 73 percent of the 221 drugs reviews conducted during 2001-2004, there was a financial conflict of interest with the affected company or product competitors involving one or more panel members.
Only one percent of the 3 000 panellists were recused (disqualified) within the same period, despite substantial conflicts involving investments exceeding $25 000, and grants or contracts topping $100 000. In the case of Vioxx (and other controversial painkillers such as Celebrex and Bextra) ten members with direct links to the drug manufacturers were on the panel that approved them.
The barrage of criticisms being heaped upon the FDA led the agency to announce a major internal review of drugs advisory committees in May this year. But critics feel that change is unlikely to come from within the FDA itself. The fact that the review is internal cast doubts over its sincerity.
Merrill Goozner, Director of Integrity in Science, supports the internal review of the FDA's advisory committees prompted by the criticisms. He said [5]: "This should be turned into more of a deliberative body without a stake in the outcome, rather than a kind of good-old-boy network of people whose primary interest is to get their hands on a new therapy either to test or for [their own] patients."
FDA scientists criticised for corporate links
The FDA has been rightly criticised by US Congressman Maurice Hinchey, an influential democrat. Hinchey blasted the FDA scientific advisory panels as being little more than partially owned subsidiaries of the pharmaceutical industry. He is so outraged that scientists with conflicts of interest are allowed onto drug advisory committees that it has spurred him on through the House of Representatives to attach a rider to the FDA budget that would prohibit the agency from using conflicted panellists [5].
But this strong move has been politically compromised; the rider was lifted providing that potential conflicts are disclosed and posted on the FDA's website fifteen days before drug advisory committees convene [ 6 ]. This effectively maintains the FDA's practice that permits a scientist with a conflict of interest to apply for a waiver on the grounds that the individual's experience outweighs the seriousness of the conflict. It is a federal policy that critics are trying to change.
There is a common consensus that the voting of the panel that approved Vioxx would have been different had those members with links to the pharmaceutical industry been excluded. In the interest of Public Health there must be more transparency about the information presented to FDA drugs committees, and more stringent rules on conflicts of interest.
Burcher S and Ho MW. FDA in Third World drug trial scandals. Science in Society, 31
FDA Scientists Pressured to Exclude, Alter Findings; Scientists Fear Retaliation for Voicing Safety Concerns Public Health and Safety Will Suffer without Leadership from FDA and Congress July 20, 2006 http://www.ucsusa.org/news/press_release/fda-scientists-pressured.html
Justin Blum. Scientists at FDA tell of outside pressures. Bloomberg News Friday 21 July 2006 http://www.philly.com/mld/philly/living/health/15086911.htm
Lurie P, Almeida CM, Stine N, et al; Public Citizens Health Research Group. Financial conflict of interest disclosure and voting patters at Food and Drug Administration drug and advisory committee meetings. JAMA 2006,295;1921-8.
Wayne Kondro. Conflicts cause FDA to review advisory committees. Canadian Medical Association Journal, July 4 2006, 175 (1) 23-24.
Advisory Committees, Nature and Basis Statements of Conflict(s) of Interest for Voting Members of FDA Advisory Committee Members, US Food and Drug Administration, http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/06/waivers/2006-4220W1-index.htm


text:
/* eslint-env browser */

"use strict";

module.exports = function(core, config, store) {
	const React = require("react"),
		  ChatItem = require("./chat-item.js")(core, config, store),
		  Endless = require("../../bower_components/endless/endless.js"),
		  rangeOps = require("../../lib/range-ops.js");

	let ChatAreaMessages = React.createClass({
		onScroll: function(key, before, after) {
			var time;

			if (key === "top") {
				time = 1;
			} else if (key === "bottom") {
				time = null;
			} else {
				time = parseInt(key.split("-").pop());
				if (isNaN(time)) {
					time = null;
				}
			}

			this.currentTime = time;

			core.emit("setstate", {
				nav: {
					textRange: {
						time: time,
						before: before,
						after: after
					}
				}
			});
		},

		getItems: function(textRange) {
			var before, after, beforeItems, afterItems,
				atTop = false, atBottom = false, loading = false,
				roomId = store.get("nav", "room"),
				threadId = store.get("nav", "thread"),
				ret;

			before = (textRange && textRange.before ? textRange.before : 0) + 51; /* one item will get removed */
			after = (textRange && textRange.after ? textRange.after : 0) + 50;

			beforeItems = store.getTexts(roomId, threadId, textRange.time || null, -before);
			afterItems = store.getTexts(roomId, threadId, textRange.time || null, after);

			atTop = (beforeItems.length < before && beforeItems[0] !== "missing");
			atBottom = (afterItems.length < after && afterItems[afterItems.length - 1] !== "missing");

			if (beforeItems[0] === "missing") {
				loading = true;
				beforeItems.shift();
			}

			if (afterItems[afterItems.length - 1] === "missing") {
				loading = true;
				afterItems.pop();
			}

			if (beforeItems[beforeItems.length - 1] && afterItems[0] &&
				beforeItems[beforeItems.length - 1].id === afterItems[0].id) {
				beforeItems.pop();
			} else if (beforeItems.length > before) {
				beforeItems.shift();
			}

			ret = beforeItems.concat(afterItems);
			ret.loading = loading;
			ret.atTop = atTop;
			ret.atBottom = atBottom;

			return ret;
		},

		render: function() {
			var chatitems = [], atTop = false, atBottom = true,
				textRange = store.get("nav", "textRange"),
				roomId = store.get("nav", "room"),
				threadId = store.get("nav", "thread"),
				chatAreaClassNames = "main-content-chat chat-area",
				positionKey, textItems, loading;

			// Enhance chat area layout in modern browsers
			if (window.CSS.supports("display", "flex")) {
				chatAreaClassNames += " chat-area-enhanced";
			}

			textItems = this.state.items;
			loading = textItems.loading;
			atTop = textItems.atTop;
			atBottom = textItems.atBottom;

			textItems.forEach(function(text, i, items) {
				var key, showtime, continues, continuation;

				if (typeof text === "object") {
					showtime = (i === items.length - 1 || items[i + 1].time - text.time > 60 * 1000);
					continues = (i !== items.length - 1 && items[i + 1].from === text.from &&
								!(text.tags && text.tags.indexOf("hidden") > -1));
					continuation = (i !== 0 && items[i - 1].from === text.from &&
								!(items[i - 1].tags && items[i - 1].tags.indexOf("hidden") > -1));

					key = "chat-list-" + roomId + "-" + (threadId || "all") + "-" + text.id + "-" + text.time;

					if (!atTop && !atBottom && text.time <= textRange.time) {
						positionKey = key;
					}

					chatitems.push(<ChatItem text={text} key={key} showtime={showtime}
						continues={continues} continuation={continuation} />);

				}
			});

			if (textRange.time === 1) {
				positionKey = "top";
			} else if (!textRange.time) {
				positionKey = "bottom";
			}

			if (chatitems.length) {
				return (

									<Endless key={"chat-area-" + roomId + "-" + threadId}
										items={chatitems} onScroll={this.onScroll}
										position={positionKey}
										atTop={atTop} atBottom={atBottom} />

				);
			} else {
				return (

						{loading ? "Loading messages..." : }

				);
			}
		},

		getInitialState: function() {
			return { items: this.getItems(store.get("nav", "textRange")) };
		},

		onStateChange: function(changes) {
			const thread = store.get("nav", "thread"),
				  roomId = store.get("nav", "room"),
				  key = thread ? roomId + "_" + thread : roomId;

			if (changes.texts && changes.texts[key] && changes.texts[key].length) {
				this.setState(this.getInitialState());
			} else if (changes.nav && changes.nav.textRange) {
				let items = this.state.items,
					textRange = store.get("nav", "textRange");

				if (items && items.length) {
					let position = rangeOps.findIndex(items, "time", textRange.time || null),
						top = position - textRange.before,
						bottom = position + textRange.after;

					if ((top > 5 || items.atTop) && (bottom < items.length - 6 || items.atBottom) && textRange.time === this.currentTime) {
/*						console.log(items.atTop, 0, top, position, bottom, items.length, items.atBottom);*/
						return;
					}

				}

				this.setState(this.getInitialState());
			}
		},

		componentDidMount: function() {
			core.on("statechange", this.onStateChange, 400);
		},

		componentWillUnmount: function() {
			core.off("statechange", this.onStateChange);
		}
	});

	return ChatAreaMessages;
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The Symantec Ghost Solution Suite 3.0: Administration training course is designed for the professional tasked with installing, configuring, and managing a Deployment Solution system. This four-day, instructor-led, hands-on Symantec Ghost Solution Suite 3.0: Administration Training course covers how Ghost Solution Suite 3.0 simplifies the routine tasks of setting up new computers, migrating computers to a new operating system, and moving users to new operating systems or hardware. Students also learn how to install, configure, and use Ghost Solution Suite to perform these types of tasks remotely from an easy-to-use console, saving time for employees and money for their enterprise.
• If you are familiar with some aspects of this Symantec Ghost Solution Suite 3.0 Administration Training course, we can omit or shorten their discussion.
• We can adjust the emphasis placed on the various topics or build the Symantec Ghost Solution Suite 3.0 Administration Training course around the mix of technologies of interest to you (including technologies other than those included in this outline).
• If your background is nontechnical, we can exclude the more technical topics, include the topics that may be of special interest to you (e.g., as a manager or policy-maker), and present the Symantec Ghost Solution Suite 3.0 Administration Training course in manner understandable to lay audiences.


text:
MOPH Updates List of Groups Eligible for Home Quarantine from 24 January
Proceedings of Qatar Health 2021 Conference to be Launched Virtually Today
Qatar Participates in 113th Session of UNWTO's Executive Council
Minister of State for Foreign Affairs Meets Ambassador of Jordan
H.H. Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed chairs meeting of Education and Human Resources Council
Last-minute save lifts Qatar past Japan
H.H. Sheikh Abdullah Bin Khalifa Al Thani celebrates a new winner with YARDAN
Shura Council Approves Draft Law on Mortgaging Movable Funds
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Receives US Highest Medal for Distinguished Public Service
Minister of State for Foreign Affairs Receives Copies of Credentials of Sri Lanka, Guinea-Bissau, Malta Ambassadors
CRA Publishes "Qatar Spectrum Outlook"
MOPH Launches Online Registration Service for Receiving COVID-19 Vaccine
H.H. Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed, FM of Cyprus review advancing cooperation
Latest News From Mid-East
Home /Australian Governor-General receives H.H. Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed.
ProductionMay 10, 2018
Australian Governor-General receives H.H. Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed.
Peter Cosgrove, Governor-General of Australia, has received H.H. Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation and his accompanying delegation.
Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed conveyed to the Australian Governor-General the greetings of President His Highness Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, His Highness Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President, Prime Minister and Ruler of Dubai, and His Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi and Deputy Supreme Commander of the UAE Armed Forces, and their wishes for Australia further progress and development.
The Australian Governor-General, in turn, reciprocated his greetings to His Highness Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed, His Highness Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid and His Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed, and his wishes for the UAE further prosperity.
During the meeting, which was held as part of Sheikh Abdullah's official visit to Australia, the two sides discussed ways to enhance bilateral relations and strengthen frameworks of cooperation in various fields.
The meeting also touched on the latest developments in the region and reviewed a number of regional and international issues of common concern.
Sheikh Abdullah hailed the unique and outstanding relations between the UAE and Australia, noting that they are witnessing continuous development under the support of the two countries' leaderships.
For his part, the Governor-General of Australia welcomed the UAE Foreign Minister's visit, saying it will open wider horizons of joint cooperation between both countries in various fields.
He also praised the UAE's pioneering position at the regional and international levels and the progress and development the country enjoys.
During his visit, Sheikh Abdullah also signed the visitors' book of the Governor General's Palace.
At the end of the meeting, Cosgrove accompanied Sheikh Abdullah and his accompanying delegation on a tour of the Governor General's Residence Park where he was acquainted with the facilities of the park and its landscapes.
The meeting was attended by Dr. Obaid Al Heri Salem Al Ketbi, UAE Ambassador to Australia.
Source: UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Shura Council Approves Draft Law…
MOTC and Ooredoo Sign an…
His Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin…
Announcement of launching investment opportunities…
MOTC Collecting Data to Develop…
Airbus keeps top spot in…
Qatar Airways to fly to…
Strong Recovery in Non-Oil Business…
MME Announces One-Week Deadline for…
MOI: Cheque reports are processed…
Shura Council Completes Considering Draft…
MOJ Tends to Provide New…
Legislation Developed Based on Qatar…
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Mid-East News is the website that covers the news from all over the world with giving its particular focus to the Middle East region. We are known as the reliable source to share the news on which people can trust without any second thought. The trust, which we have got from people, has been achieved by our struggle of providing news of every sector for the longest period of time to people.
MOPH Updates List of Groups Eligible for Home Quarantine from 24 January January 20, 2021
Proceedings of Qatar Health 2021 Conference to be Launched Virtually Today January 20, 2021
Qatar Participates in 113th Session of UNWTO's Executive Council January 20, 2021
Copyright - 2021 Mid East News. All rights reserved.


Great deals on our many drafts, bottles, mixed drinks, and shots.
Our pub snacks are a must on your night out!
Enjoy your favorite tunes with our lively jukebox. It will even download songs for you!
Come cheer on the black and gold with other diehard Pittsburgh fans!


I should be an expert on this subject. After all, I've given it a great deal of thought. I've even written a whole novel on the subject. And yet, despite all of that, I'm still a little bit rubbish at getting over my exes.
In fact, I have a confession. It took me 10 years to get over my first love.
But as we all know, moving on from a relationship you thought would last forever is much easier said than done. So what do you do when the tears have dried up, once the books, CDs and random kitchen appliances have been split down the middle and yet you still aren't quite ready to look for someone new?
Are they still too accessible?
Having your ex in your phonebook is a little bit like having double chocolate ice-cream in the fridge when you've just started a diet. It's just mean. So, if you've just broken up and you're constantly fighting the temptation to give them a call/text/tweet/like/poke/Linked In endorsement then you might need to make that quick, ruthless, albeit painful, cut – it's for your own good. Yes, I do mean delete them from your phone and anywhere else you might be tempted to contact them. It's drastic, but it's not forever, you can always write down their number and re-add them when you're cured. Obviously we don't all have the luxury of making a clean break – maybe you have children together or maybe they're sat opposite you at work – but establishing clear boundaries and making a few token breaks can be just as effective.
There's nothing like a little red mist to stop you moving on. It can be comforting to hold on to your anger – for one, it's a clean, easy emotion to understand, particularly if they've done something unforgivable. But hiding your hurt and heartbreak behind your inner Hulk won't do you any favours when it comes to closure. Letting go of your anger is just as difficult as letting go of your ex, but it can be done – as long as you remember it's for you, not them. Different things work for different people – for me, it was remembering that he'd actually been a good boyfriend too sometimes – but taking some of the fire out of your anger is a must for getting over your ex. If all else fails, I'm not above suggesting a re-decorated dartboard.
Ok I'll admit this one is a hard one. There's almost nothing worse than meeting the perfect person and then losing them. I bet you almost wish you'd discovered a secret Miley Cyrus obsession or they'd run off with your best friend. At least then you could hate them (although that's tricky too, as we've just discussed). The good news is that Mr or Ms Perfects don't just come around once in a lifetime, so if you start looking, you're much more likely to actually find them. Even better news. we know there's lots of eHarmony members in the same boat – getting over relationships and tentatively looking at what's out there. Lucky for you there's loads of people willing to take it slow and just see how it goes.
So go on, you won't know who's out there 'til you take a look – sign up to eHarmony and find someone that makes you forget all about your ex!
Quiz: Which Premier League team should you manage?


Bike routes, safe routes, trail maps, and pedestrian improvement requests.
Working with businesses to reduce pollution.
Aerial photos, maps, and GIS data.
On-street meters and parking facility permits.
Permit status, inspections, and forms.
Sign up for upcoming Bids, RFPs, and RFQs. Status of recent purchasing opportunities and decisions.
Residential recycling and yard waste disposal options.
Stormwater facts, regulations, control, system maintenance and best management practices.
Anticipates mobility needs/seeks funding to move people, goods and freight on sidewalks, and streets.
Post Point Wastewater Treatment Plant, reporting wastewater back-ups.
Water conservation tips and community water conservation efforts.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Coordination Support for citizens and employees with disabilities to access city services, programs and activities.
Natural Resources Services Develop and deliver environmental policy, stormwater management, ecology and restoration services, Lake Whatcom management, and environmental education and outreach.
Real Property Acquisition and Management Real estate services, including property acquisition for engineering projects and watershed protection, as well as leasing and management of commercial properties.
Engineering Services Design, review, and coordinate construction for all public improvements within city limits to ensure environmental, safety, and health standards.
Inspection Services Monitor project costs and quality of construction in conformance with designs.
Development / Permit Review Services Provide right-of-way, sewer and water permits, private project engineering review, transportation planning, and transportation options coordination.
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Services Provide maps and data to city staff for tasks such as planning, crime analysis, utility management, and customer support.
Fleet Services Coordinate and perform vehicle and equipment support activities for all city departments.
Facilities Provide maintenance and custodial services to city government buildings and structures.
Materials Management Control and coordinate movement of supplies including receiving, inspecting, tracking, and inventorying items as needed.
Communications Infrastructure Provide installation and maintenance for radios, fiber optic networks, and other communication systems for all city departments.


Barriers to trade in non-agricultural products, including non-tariff measures (NTMs) affecting these products have been at the centre of trade policy discussions and will receive continued attention in the course of coming years. Although some of these measures serve legitimate policy purposes ranging from the protection of public health or security to the preservation of natural resources and the protection of the environment, there is a growing consensus among economists that NTMs are often more traderestrictive and distorting than tariffs. The importance of NTMs is also underlined by the growing number of NTM-related disputes brought to the Dispute Settlement Body of the WTO.


Smashwords – Books Tagged "biker girl"
These results show books which have been specifically tagged with this keyword. You can also try doing a general search for the term "biker girl" .
From outlaw biker and bodyguard for Evel Knievel to sailing on the Flagship for Green Peace that had no engine and used kerosene running lights. Experience a hurricane in Cabo San Lucas where 27 boats went up on the beach. Then sail across the pacific with nothing but a sextant, make an 800 mile "error" and then end up arriving as a volcano is erupting!


We offer conference and meeting facilities for small meetings. We plan the meeting for you with a caring touch to get everything perfect for you and your meeting. One of the meeting rooms have a balcony with a stunning view over Helsingborg. Do not hesitate to contact us for further requests.
Our meeting room can be used with different combinations.


text:
GILLS ACADEMY FINISH THIRD IN CAYMAN ISLANDS
Under-14s side beat Jamaican side Harbour View in Saturday's play-off
Gillingham FC's Academy players finished third in the Cayman Airways International Youth Cup on Saturday.
Charlie Blanks opened the scoring in the third-place play-off against Jamaican side Harbour View, before their opponents equalised midway through the second half to take the game into extra-time.
However, the Gills triumphed in the shoot-out, winning 5-3 to take a deserved third place.
Saturday's match followed a comprehensive 6-3 win in the final group game on Thursday against IFFDC from Dallas, Texas. Goals from Harry Laing, Josh Regan, Jay Hards and a Grant Odejeh hat-trick secured their passage to a Friday semi final against Tottenham Hotspur .
A magnificent effort from the Under-14s group was to ensue: the pulsating game, in which both groups went toe to toe for the 70 minutes of normal time and a further 20 of extra time, somehow ended at 0-0.
During normal time the young Gills had seen Charles Noyelle denied in a one-on-one. He then hit the bar and was denied a goal from a sumptuous 20-yard curling free-kick when he was deemed to have started his approach before the referee had blown his whistle.
Goalkeeper Joe Walsh made a stunning save during extra-time, and Spurs had strong claims for a penalty denied. The game was decided by penalties, with the young Gills eventually missing out on a place in Saturday's final (which Spurs lost 2-0 to Jamaican team Cavalier FC) as they lost 4-3.
Schoolboys Development Manager Bryan Bull was full of praise for his side for their performances. "The boys were magnificent this evening and more than matched their opponents, and with any good fortune would have wrapped the game up in normal time.
"Penalties are part and parcel of tournament football and they will all gain massively from the experiences."
Gills Academy in the Cayman Islands


text:
Q: How to set or modify a task to be due end of day tomorrow with taskwarrior? I would like to set the deadline for a task to be end of day tomorrow. The following was my first attempt:
task add 'Ask question about tw on StackOverflow' due:tomorrow eod

That fails, resulting in eod being appended to the description:
21 4s                                   14h Ask question about tw on StackOverflow eod              8.52

Is there a concise way of doing that? From the docs it seems hardcoding the date/time may be the only way: https://taskwarrior.org/docs/dates.html

A: You can do it like this:
task add 'Ask question about tw on StackOverflow' due:tomorrow+24h

Note that you can also abbreviate tomorrow with tom which would make the command
task add 'Ask question about tw on StackOverflow' due:tom+24h

See calc command documentation for more examples of the uses of arithmetic operators in Taskwarrior.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Mystery Books for Kids
Funny Books for Kids
Jolly Foul Play
4.4 (3,325 ratings by Goodreads)
Wells & Wong Mystery
By (author) Robin Stevens
Hardback US$20.63
Available. Expected delivery to the United States in 10-13 business days.
"Steven's storytelling and suspense-building are top-notch." --School Library Journal "Readers...will find themselves stretching their powers of deduction." --Booklist After a student turns up murdered on Bonfire Night, Hazel and Daisy find themselves entrenched in another mystery in this delightfully charming fourth novel of the Wells & Wong Mystery series. Daisy Wells and Hazel Wong have returned to Deepdean School for Girls for a new school term, but nothing is the same. There's a new Head Girl, Elizabeth Hurst, and a team of Prefects--and these bullying Big Girls are certainly not good eggs. Then, after the fireworks display on Bonfire Night, Elizabeth is found--murdered. Many girls at Deepdean had reason to hate Elizabeth, but who could have committed such foul play? Is the murder linked to the secrets and scandals, scribbled on the scraps of paper that are suddenly appearing all over the school? And with their own friendship falling to pieces, will Daisy and Hazel be able to solve this mystery before suspicions tear the student body apart?
Publication date 16 Apr 2019
Publisher Simon & Schuster Books for Young Readers
Edition Statement Reprint
Murder Is Bad Manners
Poison is Not Polite
Mistletoe and Murder
First Class Murder
"Steven's storytelling and suspense-building are top-notch...An appropriately complex depiction of adolescent friendship gives this well-crafted mystery appeal beyond its genre alone."--School Library Journal "February 1, 2018"
About Robin Stevens
Robin Stevens was born in California and grew up in Oxford, England, across the road from the house where Alice of Alice in Wonderland lived. Robin has been making up stories all her life. She spent her teenage years at boarding school, reading a lot of murder mysteries and hoping that she'd get the chance to do some detecting herself (she didn't). She studied crime fiction in college and then worked in children's publishing. Robin now lives in London with her pet bearded dragon, Watson. Elizabeth Baddeley is the illustrator of the critically acclaimed and New York Times bestselling I Dissent: Ruth Bader Ginsberg Makes Her Mark, written by Debbie Levy. She also illustrated A Woman in the House (and Senate): How Women Came to the United States Congress, Broke Down Barriers, and Changed the Country; The Good Fight: The Feuds of the Founding Fathers (and How They Shaped the Nation); and An Inconvenient Alphabet. Elizabeth graduated from the School of Visual Arts in New York City with a degree in illustration and currently lives in Kansas City, Missouri. Learn more at EBaddeley.com.
5 54% (1,794)
3 10% (339)
2 1% (33)


text:
Send a Slack notification when [upmon](https://github.com/alanshaw/upmon) detects a failure.

## Getting started

1. `npm install -g upmon ertrzyiks/upmon-slack`
2. `env SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL=<incoming-hook-url> upmon | upmon-slack`


text:
[Friday Seminar Recap] Family Runs in the Vessels, Vines Run Through the Family: An Anthropologist Engages with Systemic Therapy
Speaker: Teresa Kuan (Department of Anthropology, CUHK)
Title: Family Runs in the Vessels, Vines Run Through the Family: An Anthropologist Engages with Systemic Therapy
In this Friday Seminar, Dr. Kuan started by introducing the background of her paper. Firstly, kinship was once considered the "real guts of social anthropology", and is a field of study recently invigorated by Marshall Sahlins' new book, What Kinship Is--And Is Not. In this book, Sahlins defines kinship as "the mutuality of being", and kinship, as Dr. Kuan points out, is about not only relationships but also how people construct their realities, especially the boundaries between the self and the other. While modern people are taught that the self ends at the surface of the skin, this is not how most of us experience actual life. Kin, as Sahlins puts it, "are people who live each other's lives and die each other's deaths".
Secondly, in recently years, China anthropologists are discussing a "psycho-boom", as a new, private sector of mental health services has been growing in China. Dr. Kuan did fieldwork in a research institute established in 2014 for family research and family therapy in Shanghai. The institute is embedded in a private wellness company founded by an overseas Chinese businessman. A lot of money was poured into the facilities, in order to train new therapists. Well-established professionals from the state sector act as mentors, and the trainees are mostly middle-aged women who have gone into counseling as a second career. The families seen at this field-site tend to be middle-class but this is not always the case. They usually come with a teenager that has been either hospitalized and/or medicated with no signs of improvement.
Dr. Kuan then detailed a case in which the therapeutic process illustrated a problematic transpersonal distribution of resentment and responsibility. The "identified patient" was a teenage girl on anti-depressants, and her parents divorced several years ago yet still got into fights. As the psychiatrist and therapist, whom Dr. Kuan calls Dr. K, analyzed it, with evidence from biofeedback data, the daughter has put herself in her mother's position, feeling her feelings for her, just as the mother had put herself in her daughter's position, reading the father's every "attack" on their daughter as a personal attack on her. This sort of confusion of selves and run of emotions was called "entanglement", which, as Dr. K believe it, is poisonous rather than nourishing: The girl admitted that she found it increasingly hard to handle schoolwork, and the burden she felt made her want to collapse. Dr. K commented, "Putting too much energy here, things won't be so smooth in the outside world."
The purpose of therapy at the Institute, therefore, is "individuation" or "differentiation". According to Murray Bowen, one of the founders of family therapy, differentiation refers to the degree to which a person is able to remain "objective" even while engaged in ongoing human intercourse. Anxiety determines differentiation. Relationship-oriented, poorly differentiated people put too much "life energy" into seeking "love and approval". Highly differentiated people, on the other hand, are "more contained", more "self-determined" and "goal-oriented". While Dr. Kuan clearly points out Bowen's idealization of objectivity and rationality, she maintains what this theory highlights is an existential, ethical problem – i.e. the question of how to conduct oneself in one's relations with others, particularly kin.
In the case described above, Dr. K contended that everyone is trying to control everyone else has confused proper roles and positions, leading to everybody's shared pain. Dr. Kuan argues that the work that Dr. K does is moral in essence, as the protocol works on human relationships. This kind of family systems therapy exposes and tackles all the grudges and hurts that are either too sensitive or too banal to recognize, let alone address in the course of everyday life. And it is not only about feelings and emotions; the taking of responsibility that is not one's to take is also consequential in a situation of suffering. Family therapy, as Dr. Kuan sees it, offers one possible (though hardly perfect) response. In conclusion, Dr. Kuan argued that we should pay attention to the difference between individuation and individualization, and avoid reducing everything to the framework of neoliberal governmentality.


In 2013, the ceiling of the permanent space Milo Beloved had newly secured for his shop, Harold&MOD, caved in just a few days before Christmas. The space in the Berger Phillips building had come after Beloved's success as a pop-up shop as part of REV Birmingham's REVIVE: The Street Project initiative. Just like that, it all—literally—came crashing down. But Beloved was undeterred; he closed the shop for a day, found a new space around the corner (located at 2323 First Avenue North), and then announced on Instagram and Facebook that he was back in business. Harold&MOD, boasting vintage clothing and accessories, proved to be a wild success in 2014.
That's because the shop is more than a store: "Harold&MOD has a few missions. As a store, to be a stage for local designers and makers to share the spotlight and get their work known. As a lifestyle brand, to inspire creativity in the personal approach to style, be it decor or fashion. And as a creative force, Harold&MOD connects photographers, designers, storytellers, musicians, actors/actresses, models, and more through creative direction with special projects." He hopes to continue developing the Harold&MOD brand so that it stretches further but does not lose its heart. "I want to make Harold&MOD a mobile shop, so that I can push our brand and our friends' products to a larger market without just simply launching an online store so that the personal relationship between my customers and myself isn't compromised," he explains.
Beloved himself is more than a shopkeeper. With experience in party promoting and personal shopping, he has a knack for aesthetics. In addition to Harold&MOD, he lends his eye for details to creative direction for editorial pieces and music videos (he recently filmed his third music video with Birmingham band The Heavy Hearts), as well as to interior spaces, most recently Wheelhouse Salon. He's also involved in Birmingham Fashion Week, headlining the 2014 Grassroots Night, and has a produced a number of other fashion shows around the city. "I get bored if I don't have a million projects," he says. And though his passion is supporting creatives, you won't find him picking up a paintbrush or hopping on a sewing machine any time soon. He's more of a facilitator: "I hate making things. I love dreaming, directing, designing, etc., but make me sit still for more than 10 minutes, and I go crazy," he says.


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Beijing Rules Out Public Discussion of Hong Kong Renditions Protests
Beijing on Monday ruled out any international discussion of recent mass protests of millions of people in Hong Kong against plans to allow extradition to mainland China.
Assistant foreign affairs minister Zhang Jun said the ruling Chinese Communist Party would "not allow" the topic to be discussed at the forthcoming Group of 20 (G20) nations summit this week.
"What I can tell you for sure is that G20 will not discuss the Hong Kong issue," Zhang told reporters. "We will not allow G20 to discuss the Hong Kong issue."
"Hong Kong is China's special administrative region. Hong Kong matters are purely an internal affair due China. No foreign country has a right to interfere," Zhang said.
"No matter at what venue, using any method, we will not permit any country or person to interfere in China's internal affairs."
Zhang's comments came after thousands of protesters besieged government buildings in Hong Kong on Friday in protest over government plans to allow extradition to mainland China, and to call for the release of those arrested during protests on June 12.
Crowds of mostly young people wearing black converged on immigration and tax headquarters in Wanchai, sparking temporary shutdowns of the offices, before gathering in their thousands outside police headquarters to call for the release of those arrested, and to demand an apology for police violence against unarmed protesters last week.
Police use of tear gas, batons, pepper spray, and rubber and bean bag bullets on June 12 sparked a mass protest of around two million people on June 16, possibly the largest in the city's history.
Threats to status
The amendments are widely seen as a threat to Hong Kong's way of life, which was supposed to have been protected under the "one country, two systems" framework under which the former British colony was handed back to China in 1997.
If they become law, the city could lose its status as a separate legal jurisdiction and trading entity, while journalists, visitors, rights activists, dissidents, democratic politicians, and the business community could be targeted for words and actions deemed illegal by the ruling Chinese Communist Party, and extradited to face trial in Chinese courts.
Pro-democracy lawmakers say the only solution to recurring mass protests in Hong Kong is for the government to allow fully democratic elections, a demand that was rejected by the ruling Chinese Communist Party in 2014, sparking the Occupy Central, or Umbrella movement.
Hong Kong's lawyers have also come out in support of protesters, saying that the extradition bill should be withdrawn completely, as opposed to the postponement offered by the administration of chief executive Carrie Lam.
Chinese authorities have also censored keywords related to the mass civil disobedience movement from social media platforms, and have detained people simply for retweeting posts about the protests.
Warned by police
Wei Xiaobing, a rights activist from the southwestern province of Sichuan, was held under a 15-day administrative sentence after being called in for questioning by police in Huzhou city, in the eastern province of Zhejiang, after posting about the protests.
And activist He Jiawei was taken to the police station and warned not to post about Hong Kong, or even forward others' posts, or he would be "strictly" dealt with.
He remained there on Monday.
"I can't talk right now; I'm in the police station, sorry," He said.
Sichuan activist Pei Li said she had also been warned off the topic by her local state security police. Pei said via her Twitter account that she had been threatened with "enforced disappearance" if she didn't heed the warning.
In the end, police had begun by escorting her to her hometown, but had changed theirs minds and taken her on an "enforced vacation" instead.
Pei later tweeted "Go Hong Kong!" from her Twitter account. She was apparently incommunicado on Monday.
References deleted
Activist Xie Wenfei, who was jailed for his public support of the 2014 Occupy Central movement for fully democratic elections in Hong Kong in April 2016, said he was taken on an enforced "vacation" of about four days during the 30th anniversary of the Tiananmen massacre.
"After the vacation, I posted to Facebook and WeChat, and [the state security police] told me very clearly that I wasn't to post anything political online, on pain of being regarded their enemy," Xie said.
A social media user who declined to be named said that the government's complex system of blocks, filters and human censors was deleting or blocking anything containing the words "Hong Kong," as well as any video relating to the anti-extradition marches.
"We can't express ourselves clearly," the social media user said. "The words 'Hong Kong' keep getting deleted."
"Anyone who posts footage or photographs of Hong Kong immediately gets their account shut down," they said.
Reported by Wen Yuqing for RFA's Cantonese Service, and by Lu Xi for the Mandarin Service. Translated and edited by Luisetta Mudie.
Copyright © 1998-2018, RFA. Published with the permission of Radio Free Asia, 2025 M St. NW, Suite 300, Washington DC 20036


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Should Facebook be depending on PolitiFact to filter 'reputable' articles?
January 13, 2017, at The Orange County Register
Do you trust fact checkers to decide what news you should read? Facebook will now use filters so that only "reputable" articles can appear as top trending news stories. For help, Facebook is going to PolitiFact, ABC News, The Associated Press, FactCheck.org and Snopes.
But guess what? These fact checkers have their own biases — usually the same liberal biases that we see in the rest of the mainstream media.
Take a couple of PolitiFact California's two most recent evaluations concerning gun violence.
• "Since the Sandy Hook tragedy, more than seven children per day have died from gun violence" (California Congresswoman Jackie Speier, December 14th, 2016). PolitiFact rated this statement as "mostly true."
Here, PolitiFact is defining 18 and 19-year-olds as "children." Among 17, 18 and 19-year-olds, about 80 percent of gun deaths are the result of violent crime. Many of these deaths result from activity by gangs, which isn't something that will simply disappear as a result of gun control. Stopping drug gangs from getting guns is as difficult as stopping them from obtaining drugs.
PolitiFact also doesn't seem to understand the difference between homicides and murders. From 2013 to 2015, juvenile homicides outnumbered juvenile murders by 573.
Even PolitiFact concedes that suicides probably shouldn't be included in Rep. Speier's gun violence death toll. This is one reason why it didn't label this as "completely" true. Eliminating suicides and justifiable homicides reduces total juvenile deaths to 1,885 from 2013-2015, or about 1.7 per day in the U.S. This is a far cry from Speier's purported number of "more than seven."
If we aren't counting teenagers as children, the number of 2013-2015 firearm deaths (including suicides) falls still further to 692. This comes to 0.63 deaths per day.
But the larger problem is the assumption that these troubling numbers illustrate the need for gun control. Unfortunately, gun laws disarm law-abiding citizens, not criminals. This makes life easier for criminals and causes an increase in the number of deaths.
• On November 9, California Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom claimed that his state's gun control laws were responsible for a "56 percent decline in the gun murder rate" since the early 1990s. PolitiFact California rated this statement as "mostly true," but only because the drop in murders was even greater than 56 percent between 1993 and 2014.
Bizarrely, PolitiFact didn't question Newsom's claim that this drop was due to his state's gun control laws. Despite doing very little on gun control, Republican Gov. Pete Wilson saw a sharp reduction in murders during his tenure from 1991 to 1999.
Probably the only significant new regulation was California's 1994 Gun-Free School Zone law, but this didn't even forbid permit-holders from carrying on school property.
The major gun regulations were only enacted after Democrat Gray Davis took office in 1999. Gun murders fell by 54 percent during the first five years of the period studied by PolitiFact, when there was little change in gun laws. This accounts for over 80 percent of the total, 67 percent drop between 1993 and 2014.
PolitiFact ignores all of the other major crime legislation that was enacted by Gov. Wilson. For instance, California passed the 1994 Three Strikes law, which doubled the penalty for a second felony if the first one was serious or violent. A third felony carried a prison sentence of 25 years to life. A lot of research showed that increased criminal penalties likely played a role in reduction of crime rates.
If gun control advocates were more confident with their arguments, presumably they wouldn't have to so grossly exaggerate their numbers. Liberals apparently don't trust people to make decisions for themselves. They believe that only by controlling what news articles people can see do they think that they will make the right decisions.


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currency exchange: $1 = CNY7.10
Train K229/K232 timetable:
Leaving from: Please input the correct name of the station
Going to: Please input the correct name of the station
s Train No. K229/K232 Travel Time 40h9m u
e 昆明-厦门北(3day)
Arrival 昆明 Departure 厦门北 Train Types Air conditioner fast Distance 2412Km
Arr. Time 16:52 Dep. Time 09:01 Date of last update version 2020-1-19
SOFT SLEEPER
Upper bunk CNY704.5/US$99
Lower bunk CNY735.5/US$104
HARD SLEEPER
Upper bunk CNY446.5US$63
Middle bunk CNY462.5/US$65
Lower bunk CNY477.5/US$67
Hard CNY263.5/US$37
Soft CNY0/US$0
Distance(Km)
Hard seat price
K229/K232 1 KunMing (昆明) Departure Station 16:52 0m 0 US$0 US$0/0/0 US$0/0
K229/K232 2 QuJing (曲靖) 18:42 18:47 1h50m 157 US$3 US$10/10/11 US$15/16
K229/K232 3 FuYuan (富源) 20:09 20:11 3h17m 232 US$5 US$12/12/13 US$18/19
K229/K232 4 HongGuo (红果) 20:38 20:46 3h46m 261 US$6 US$12/13/13 US$19/20
K229/K232 5 WeiShe (威舍) 21:55 22:05 5h3m 329 US$7 US$14/14/15 US$21/21
K229/K232 6 XingYi (兴义) 22:40 22:46 5h48m 365 US$8 US$14/15/15 US$21/22
K229/K232 7 BaiSe (百色) 04:10 04:21 11h18m 615 US$12 US$21/22/23 US$33/34
K229/K232 8 NanNing (南宁) 06:37 07:00 13h45m 849 US$16 US$27/28/29 US$42/44
K229/K232 9 LiTang (黎塘) 08:27 08:31 15h35m 958 US$17 US$30/31/32 US$47/49
K229/K232 10 GuiGang (贵港) 09:13 09:18 16h21m 1023 US$18 US$31/32/33 US$49/51
K229/K232 11 YuLin (玉林) 10:28 10:39 17h36m 1112 US$20 US$34/36/37 US$54/56
K229/K232 12 HeChun (河唇) 12:04 12:07 19h12m 1226 US$21 US$37/38/39 US$58/60
K229/K232 13 HuaZhou (化州) 12:46 12:50 19h54m 1266 US$22 US$38/39/41 US$60/62
K229/K232 14 MaoMingXi (茂名西) 13:22 13:42 20h30m 1287 US$22 US$38/39/41 US$60/62
K229/K232 15 MaoMing (茂名) 13:55 14:01 21h3m 1297 US$22 US$38/39/41 US$60/62
K229/K232 16 ZhaoQing (肇庆) 17:13 17:19 24h21m 1549 US$25 US$44/45/47 US$69/72
K229/K232 17 FoShan (佛山) 18:55 19:03 26h3m 1636 US$27 US$46/48/49 US$73/76
K229/K232 18 GuangZhou (广州) 19:49 20:14 26h57m 1658 US$27 US$46/48/49 US$73/76
K229/K232 19 DongGuanDong (东莞东) 21:45 21:52 28h53m 1752 US$28 US$48/50/52 US$76/80
K229/K232 20 HuiZhou (惠州) 22:35 22:40 29h43m 1806 US$29 US$50/51/53 US$78/82
K229/K232 21 HeYuan (河源) 23:30 23:37 30h38m 1886 US$30 US$51/53/55 US$81/84
K229/K232 22 LongChuan (龙川) 00:31 00:53 31h39m 1961 US$31 US$52/54/56 US$82/86
K229/K232 23 MeiZhou (梅州) 03:03 03:14 34h11m 2092 US$33 US$56/58/60 US$89/92
K229/K232 24 YongDing (永定) 05:05 05:09 36h13m 2209 US$34 US$57/59/61 US$90/94
K229/K232 25 LongYan (龙岩) 06:12 06:36 37h20m 2267 US$34 US$58/60/63 US$92/96
K229/K232 26 XiaMenBei (厦门北) 09:01 Final arrival 40h9m 2412 US$37 US$63/65/67 US$99/104
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text:
Kinematics 2
Preparing for the AP Physics 1 Exam
4.3 (36 ratings) | 6.8K Students Enrolled
This course is designed for high school students preparing to take the AP* Physics 1 Exam. * AP Physics 1 is a registered trademark of the College Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product.
Topics include velocity, acceleration, free fall, projectile problems and graphical analysis. You will watch 3 videos, complete 3 sets of practice problems and take 2 quizzes. Please click on the resources tab for each video to view the corresponding student handout.
Welcome message from the instructors1:41
Kinematics 120:14
Dr. Paige K. Evans
Mariam Manuel
Instructional Assistant Professor
Select a languageEnglish
In the last video, we introduced to the three kinematic equations seen here. We made a point to emphasize that these relationships are only accurate in scenarios that experience constant acceleration. Lucky for us, there are many situations which we encounter in our daily lives in which the acceleration of an object is constant. A classic example is that of a freely falling object near the Earth's surface. Let's be clear here about what we mean by an object in free-fall. First, let's ignore air resistance in all of our problems, as this is beyond the scope of AP Physics 1. A good example of free fall is a baseball flying through the air. The only force acting on the ball is the gravitational attraction between it and the Earth causing the ball to accelerate downward. An airplane however is not in free fall. Air molecules collide with the wings of the plane and provide substantial lift to keep the vehicle aloft. Any object on which gravity is the only force acting is said to be in free fall. You have probably heard the statement that all objects near the Earth's surface accelerate toward the center of the planet at the same rate in the absence of air friction. Yes, it is true, as an object gets further away from the Earth, the gravitational attraction between the object and the planet becomes less. This, in turn, means that the acceleration of that object in free fall would also be less. But, in physics, we like to use approximations to simplify our calculations. For all scenarios near the surface of the Earth the change in acceleration as an object falls is so small that it can be ignored. A good average for this constant acceleration across the surface of the Earth is 9.8 meters per second squared. Since it is perfectly acceptable on the AP exam to simplify even further to 10 meters per second squared, you will often see us also using this value in our calculations. When analyzing objects in free fall there are a few common misconceptions that we should also address. In our daily lives, objects may not always fall with the same acceleration. A feather and a bowling bowl will not hit the ground at the same time if dropped from the same height. This discrepancy is due to air friction. Place these two objects in a vacuum tube without air and you will see both hit the ground at the same time. Similarly, heavy objects, once with larger mass, do not accelerate any faster towards the center of the Earth than a lighter object, one with less mass. The same demonstration with the vacuum tubes, feather and bowling ball show us that this is the case. This result may seem odd to you, since a bowling ball does indeed experience more gravitational force from the Earth. This is why it weighs more. But, the ball still accelerates at the same rate as the feather. This behavior will be discussed in more detail when we talk about gravitation in a later module. >> Now let's look at one of the examples from your Kinematics A practice problem set. We're going to work through problems nine and ten because they serve as an excellent example of an object experiencing constant acceleration while in free fall. So this problem says that a soccer ball is kicked vertically upward into the air with an initial velocity of five meters per second. It takes 0.5 seconds for the ball to reach its highest point before beginning its descent. It then asks us two questions about the ball's motion while it is in the air. So the first part of this question asks us to describe the ball's motion as it travels through the air. In particular, note any points at which displacement, velocity, or acceleration of the ball are zero. Notice over here we have plotted the y versus t for this soccer ball's motion. So, let's look at the very start. Right over here where I will label this point as x equals 0, you notice that when it's launched vertically it has it's greatest, it has it's maximum velocity. Well, this velocity begins to change as we travel up towards the very top of the flight. Change in velocity over time. Well that's acceleration, so something is causing this object to accelerate. Well that something in this case, this object's in free fall and that force that's causing it to accelerate is gravity. So, it's accelerating at a rate of 10, -10 that is, meters per second squared due to gravity. Remember, that this acceleration is directed towards the center of the Earth each time. So at each point, you have that constant acceleration acting on this object. When it reaches its very highest point. I know that my vertical velocity is going to equal 0 at this point. But people often think that acceleration might be 0 here as well. This isn't true. Remember that you can have an acceleration without having a velocity. My acceleration at this point is still the -10 meters per second squared due to gravity. Now let's look again at something over here. You notice where, right over here, I drew out, rough sketched that is, of the vector for acceleration. Acceleration velocity are in opposite directions. We talked about this in the previous module, where when acceleration and velocity are in opposite directions, the object is slowing down. Well if that's true then let's look at what's happening at this point over here now. Now I have velocity directed downward, so I have a negative velocity. But I also have acceleration acting, as well, downwards. If acceleration and velocity are in the same direction, the object is going to increase in its magnitude of velocity. So, it reaches its maximum velocity, look at that, once again, at x equals 0. So you no, you start noticing that there's symmetry here, right? If I look at velocity say, at point over here, and I look at the velocity over here, while they're in opposite directions the magnitude of these vectors is still the same. And that continues. What happens right over here at the point where my vertical velocity is 0? Well, this is half of the time of the flight. They tell me that it reached its highest point at t equals 0.5 seconds. Well, according to the symmetry, if it took 0.5 seconds for this object to move up, then it's going to take 0.5 seconds for this object to come back down. Which means right over here at the very end when the object comes back to the ground, the time should be 0.5 plus 0.5. One second. Let's go ahead and look at a little bit more detail about these, vectors. So, at the point where my time is 0, my x was 0, velocity was maximum and upwards. Time 0.5, my x value was at its maximum, that's when it had reached its highest point. But my velocity was at its lowest, my vertical velocity equaled 0. At the full length of its travel, time equals 1 second. Position, back again, same place, so my displacement is 0. Velocity is maximum at this time, downwards, or negative. And notice that the acceleration, the whole way through, was constant. Downwards, pointing towards the center of the Earth, the object was accelerating due to gravity. Gravity being the only force acting on it. Okay, so now it wants us to calculate the acceleration of the ball as it travels through air. In what direction is this acceleration vector oriented? So, if you've watched the module and worked through the previous question, you probably already know what this answer's going to be. But, let's go ahead and prove it. So, my acceleration equation tells me that acceleration equals final velocity minus initial velocity over the change in time. Note that in most cases, such as this one, the initial time is 0. So, let's go ahead and solve for that acceleration. Well, based on this previous question, we knew that we had time of 0.5 seconds at the very top of the flight. Due to the symmetry that we've been discussing, we know that time up equals time down, so I know that my total time is 1 second. Also, same symmetry. I know that my initial velocity here was 5 meters per second. I note that the final velocity is going to be the same in magnitude. But notice there's a difference in the direction. Now my final velocity vector is pointing downwards. So this final velocity. Is -5 meters per second. Let's plug these values in and see what we get. So, my acceleration is going to equal -5. Minus that positive 5 initial velocity over time, which is 1. This gives me an acceleration of -10 meters per second squared. Perfect. That's what we expected, right? That is the acceleration due to gravity. Well, another thing we talked about that was that when we're using these kinematics equations it's under the assumption that acceleration is constant. Well, let's check to make sure that that, that this acceleration is constant. Say I look at the very top of the flight at this point right here. Where I had T equals 0.5 seconds. At this point I knew that my vertical velocity was equaling 0. So let's go ahead and solve for the acceleration at that point just up to there. So, going to scroll down giving us some room. And now I once again have my equation. Minus v initial over the change in time. This time, my time is different. Final velocity vertically is 0. We're looking at the half way point. Initial velocity is still the positive 5. Time is 0.5. I once again end up with -10 meters per second squared. So, there you go. Acceleration due to gravity is -10 meters per second squared. It had asked us which direction the vector was oriented in. The negative indicates that it's oriented downwards. Now that we have broken this object's motion down into its parts, we know a lot more information about its displacement, velocity and acceleration over time. So now we can grasp the object's motion, and this is going to provide us with even more insight. Let's start with the acceleration graph for the soccer ball. The object is in free fall, just like the mat in the earlier problem, we know that the object's acceleration is at a constant of -10 meters per second squared. Since this is constant, I'm going to draw a horizontal line on the graph, showcasing this. Now let's look at the velocity versus time graph. We know that the object starts with a positive upward velocity of 5 meters per second. At the height of its flight, which is at 0.5 seconds, the ball now has a velocity of 0 in the y direction. This is important because remember, once the ball reaches its highest point, it's going to start coming back down. In order for it to do that, it has to stop moving vertically up. So, we have a 0 velocity in that vertical direction. Because of the symmetry of the situation the ball takes the same amount of time to return to its original location. We often refer to this as time up equaling time down. Now, it has a negative, or in this case, downwards velocity. We can see that as -5 meters per second. We must now connect three points using the information from our acceleration versus time graph. Recall that the slope of the velocity versus time graph is the acceleration of the object. In this case, our graph needs to have a constant slope, -10 meters per second squared. Which is a line of negative slope. Now let's look at the displacement versus time graph. The soccer ball starts at what we call a height of 0. This is the point in which the ball leaves the kicker's foot and is in free fall. From my calculations, I know that the ball would reach a maximum height of 1.25 meters at time 0.5 seconds. So we can plot this point as well. Since it took the ball 0.5 seconds to reach the height, it will take the ball equally as long to reach back down to the ground. This means that at t equals 1 second, the ball will have returned to the position x equals 0, in other words, the ground. To connect these points, we have to look again at the values of the previous graph. The slope of a Displacement verses time graph is the velocity of the object. The velocity of the ball was positive, became 0, and then became negative. This means the slope of our Position verses time graph should be positive, then 0, and then negative. Connecting our three points yields a parabola to describe the ball's displacement over time. Earlier we solved for the height, mathematically. But couldn't we do this graphically, as well? Sure. Let's look at the area underneath the velocity versus time graph, and compare that result to the displacement calculated earlier. Calculating the area underneath this graph for the first portion of motion, will tell us how far the ball has traveled on the upward portion of its motion. That is during time up. By calculating the area of the triangle as seen here, we can see that the ball should have moved upwards a total of 1.25 meters. This matches what our displacement graph in earlier calculations found. >> Let's look at an example now in which the object in motion does not start and end at the same position. A rock is thrown vertically upward from a window with a speed of 6 meters per second. It hits the ground 5 seconds later. What is the height of the window above the ground? Notice that in problems like these, the verb used in the description is important. Words like thrown, launched, or kick imply initial velocity of some kind. Words like dropped, fall, or released typically imply an initial velocity of 0. As always, pay careful attention to your positive and negative signs when setting up these problems. So to help me solve this problem, I'm going to start off with a quick sketch of the scenario to help me visualize what's going on. We have a ball being thrown up and coming back down and hitting the ground. But that window is some height above the ground and that's what we want to know. Well, this is different from some of the other problems we've solved, because, the starting location is not the same as the finishing location. And that might seem confusing at first. But what's helpful about this, is that, our equations, things like x equals v naught t plus one half a t squared. Well this equation is a displacement. It's a vector. And so, I can plug in any point in time this function, and it will tell me where the object is located at any point in time, even if that's above, below, or at the starting location. And so that's my approach to this problem. I'm going to start off. And I know my initial velocity, it was moving upward with a speed here of 6 m/s, so that's a positive 6. I know that I am looking for its location 5 seconds later, so I'm going to plug in time plus one half. Anything that's in free fall, we're talking about the vertical direction. Has a -10 meters per second squared acceleration. And again, I'm plugging in my 5 seconds and not forgetting to square this term here, which is, a common mistake when it comes to doing these calculations. And so plugging those numbers into my calculator and, and running through that calculation, I get a -95 meters. Which is a good result. That's what we were looking for. This window was above the ground, and the ball ends up lower, below, that window by 95 meters. Our window is 95 meters above the ground, and that would be my answer to this problem.
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