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Software // Information Management
Breakthrough Analysis: Two + Nine Types of Semantic Search
There's more to it than offering related results. Here are 11 approaches that join semantics to search.
Semantics is hot, but only in a geeky sort of way. Contrast with search, which long ago shed its geeky image to become the Web's #1 utility. Search and semantics have similar goals and rely on similar technologies. Both apply data-structuring techniques to make information more findable and usable. Join the two and you get semantic search, in essence, search made smarter, search that seeks to boost accuracy by taming ambiguity via an understanding of context.
Semantic search is still in a definitional phase, "on its way!" as claimant Hakia puts it. Yet Hakia's own site, still in beta, only confuses with its challenge to "Compare with Google." I compared, using a term Hakia suggested, carrots. Results look pretty similar, no? So what, exactly, are the ingredients of semantic search?
Semantics (in an IT setting) is meaningful computing: the application of natural language processing (NLP) to support information retrieval, analytics, and data-integration that compass both numerical and "unstructured" information. The ever-emerging Semantic Web is, for many, the poster child, although semantic computing is advancing rapidly even while a portion of the folks who push semantic technologies seem unable to explain clearly and convincingly what business value they deliver. Another case in point: Microsoft Bing, which is alleged to deliver semantic search because, in response to certain queries, it offers you "related searches" and Wikipedia reference look-ups. Those are semantic elements, reliant on/related to the meaning of the search terms and results, given that meaning is what semantics are all about. But there must be more to semantic search than that?! There is.
I've come up with a list of eleven approaches that join semantics to search: my two Bing-ers plus nine more. I'll list them in the order I wrote them down. Here goes --
Two + Nine Views of Semantic Search
Related searches/queries. The engine proposes searches that are in some way similar to the entered search. For example, in response to a search on "carrots," Hakia offers, "You can also search for: Zucchini, Eggplant." Yup, they're all vegetables.
I'd place query correction in this same category, the "Did you mean:" response that leading search engines provide if they detect a likely search-term misspelling.
Reference results. Here the search engine is responding with materials that define the search terms, simply, via a dictionary look-up, or elaborately, pulling Wikipedia pages (as Bing does) or the like. Note that this isn't search in a traditional sense, is it? It's question-answering, the presumption that the user is probably searching for practical information (like maps, movie reviews and show times, or stock quotes) rather than document hit lists.
Semantically annotated results. Here you're returned pages or documents with highlighting of text features, especially named or pattern-defined entities, that are semantically related to the search terms. This capability is only just emerging for non-textual media... on the Web. Digital cameras can do it: When in portrait mode, they will detect and outline faces.
Full-text similarity search. A block of text ranging from a phrase to a full document, rather than a few keywords, is submitted. While the matching techniques rely on statistical or vector-space similarity measures rather than conventional meaning, the results do fit the semantic label.
Search on semantic/syntactic annotations. The user would tag a search term to indicate the syntactic role the term plays -- for instance, the part-of-speech (noun, verb, etc.) -- or its semantic meaning -- whether it's a company name, location, or event. An IBM page shows how this works.
A key-word search on "center" would likely produce way too many documents because "center" is a common and ambiguous term. Our semantic search engine supports a query language called XML Fragments. This query language is designed to exploit UIMA's CAS annotations entered in the search engine's index. The XML Fragment query, for example,
<organization> center </organization>
will produce first only documents that contain "center" where it appears as part of a phrase annotated as an organization by a named-entity recognizer.
This capability extends the search on document-level metadata and tags you can do with mainstream systems such as Google, where you can currently enter filetype:pdf (for example) or would enter terms in a fielded search interface such as the one offered by Google patent advanced search.
Concept search. I enter "Ford films" and among the hits I get are documents that contain the word "movies" even if not the word "films." Conceptual relationships could be specified by a taxonomy or they could be less deterministically inferred by statistical co-occurrence or other, similar techniques.
Ontology-based search. Here the engine not only understands hierarchical relationships of entities and concepts as in a taxonomy, but also more complex inter-entity relationships. "What does a dog chase?" Ontology-based search would bring up results about cars, cats, and tails, as they relate to dogs of course.
Semantic Web search. The Semantic Web seeks to capture data relationships and make the resulting "Web of data" queryable. This lofty and worthy goal is years from practical usability, but you can get a feel for it via Sindice Data Web services.
Faceted search. Faceted search provides a means of exploring results according to a set of predefined, high-level categories called facets. While I will send you to Daniel Tunkelang's The Noisy Channel blog to learn more, I will observe that faceted search is often verticalized, that is, limited or targeted to a particular information domain. Epicurious, a site "for people who love to eat," provides a great example. Try a search on "brownies" and observe the facets listed under "refine this search by..." Semidico, a search tool for biomedical literature, uses facets in its query-completion suggestions and for results delivery, where it offers three tabs of facets on the left side the results screen. In these examples, inferred meaning is the basis for assigning search results to facets.
Clustered search. Clustered search is like faceted search, but without the predefined categories. Check out Carrot2, which organizes search results into topics, as does Clusty from Vivisimo. Here, meaning is inferred from topics extracted from the content of search results.
Natural language search. I first tried out a natural-language query tool around 20 years ago. The goal was to translate a question such as "How much did our inventory of widgets cost us?" into an SQL query against a conventional relational database. The technology, available from companies such as EasyAsk, creates a semantic representation of the user's query, but it has yet to catch on. Noting that we're now habituated to two-to-three word searches, I wonder if it ever will?
These eleven approaches don't each apply to every semantic search, all of the time, but they do each win the semantic-search label at least some of the time. Are there other semantic approaches to add to the list? What do you think?
A quick announcement of a conference I'm organizing: The 2010 Sentiment Analysis Symposium will take place April 13 in New York, looking at solutions that discover business value in opinions and attitudes in social media, news, and enterprise feedback. Follow me on Twitter, or follow the symposium, for program updates.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Is the Fountain of Youth in Minnesota?
By Fritz Lenneman
FL: How did you choose Albert Lea?
DB: The University of Minnesota helped us find the profile of the town we wanted. We wanted a town that was statistically average when it comes to heart disease, cancer, rates of obesity. And we wanted the right size because we only had a certain budget and we wanted to affect the entire town. We couldn't take on Chicago. We had a budget for a place much smaller. Then we went on a road show. We went to five towns that met our criteria and showed them the Blue Zones, showed them a model of what we could aspire to with people around the world. Then we unveiled our "Blue Print," a change in the environment. And then we issued an [request for proposal], and all five of them came back. But Albert Lea provided the most convincing and compelling story for how they were going to make sure that all their population was going to participate.
FL: Is the Vitality Project still going on there?
DB: The training wheels are off. We were done as of two weeks ago, but we're still involved with making sure the programs and environmental changes we implemented stay implemented. They created a Vitality Center that they can cut the ribbon on. They started getting funding: United Health Foundation gave them funding, AARP gave them funding, YMCA gave them funding and the Mayo Clinic. So this idea is going to live on in Albert Lea, and we're there to facilitate it when we can, but we're focusing on taking the idea and bringing it to a bigger city.
More Health and Wellness
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This website is intended for people who wish to find out more about sustainable development, i.e. what it actually is and how it works in theory and in practice. So to start, let me define what a sustainable world look like. There are simply 3 pillars of sustainability: environmental, economic and social.
Universal human rights and basic necessities are a attainable by all people, who have access to enough resources in order to keep their families and communities healthy and secure. Healthy communities have just leaders who ensure personal, labour and cultural rights are respected and all people are protected from discrimination.
To provide context for the drive towards sustainability, the starting point is a clear understanding of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
This website provides a selection of interesting and informative videos, which cover sustainability practices in agriculture, construction, development, energy, industry, solid waste management, transport and water management are provided along with the latest news on each sector. Separate pages focussing on blockchain technology for SDGs, plastic pollution and smart cities have also been included. Also, if you are interested to find out about the latest innovations in sustainable practices you can look up latest patents in your sector of interest.
Sustainable development is that which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
The latest news from around the world has been included for sustainable practices in agriculture, development, energy, industry, smart cities, solid waste management, transport and water management. You can also view my blog which highlights the latest news and views and examples of sustainable practices.


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Ošklivka Katka (pol. Brzydula Kasia) – czeski serial komediowy emitowany w telewizji Prima TV od 3 marca 2008 roku do 14 kwietnia 2009 wzorowany na kolumbijskiej telenoweli Yo soy Betty, la fea (Brzydula).

Planowano 168 odcinków, jednakże mała oglądalność serialu spowodowała, że produkcję zakończono po 73 odcinkach.

Główne role

Czeskie seriale telewizyjne
Seriale telewizyjne emitowane od 2008
Seriale telewizyjne zakończone w 2009

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


One of the most basic disciplines of both saving and handling finances is to be able to track all of one's expenses. This is the most fundamental step to being able to save and finding out what aspect of one's spending to cut down on. One of the many ways you can do this is by using either a journal, or keeping receipts for future recording. Microsoft has just made this a little easier with the newest addition to their Garage program. This new division, called Spend, is focused primarily on helping create expense reports for the average worker.
This program was created by the same team that created MileIQ, which is an app that helps people keep track of their mileage on the road. This new program gives the user the option to automatically track in real-time all of the receipts and expenses that one has incurred as they happen. This would help cater to a large audience, considering that a number of people find a lot of difficulty in managing this aspect of their finances. It works by linking up to a particular credit card, debit card, or bank account to automatically track and check all of one's outgoing payments and expenses, as well as reimbursements or tax purposes. Within the app, users could also tag which expense was for business and which could be categorized as personal. The reports created by Spend can supposedly match and are compatible with major software for expense management and accounting.
Currently, the Spend app is available only on the iOS app store, but there is a possibility that it could expand to other platforms as time goes on. This will not be the last addition to Microsoft Garage, as they plan to provide more apps and functions in the near future.


What is a feasibility study? That is a great question. Simple, but important.
We design airport terminals, aviation facilities, parking studies, laboratories, and more for clients. Often times, they don't know where to start. During a feasibility study, we analyze the client's needs and the site. The infrastructure and the geographic location of the building. When we put it all together it informs their needs, the cost, and what they can build on the site.
It is the roadmap for the architect, the designers, and the engineers. It helps them come together and develop the design of the facility client needs.
We've worked with clients like NASA, JPL, and the U.S. Air Force. We've done many aviation facilities, including Fullerton Airport, and John Wayne Airport. The feedback that we've gotten is that our work is very thorough.
We know that to design a facility, we need to be able to gather all the data to be able to develop a roadmap. We deliver this information so our clients are comfortable with the project direction. It is important that we conduct a feasibility study to be able to define the project. Our clients love that.
When you receive a feasibility study, ask yourself the following.
Do you have a roadmap and direction that enables you to design your facility?
Are you confident you're heading in the right direction?
Does it give you the information you need to design your facility?
Keep an eye out for plagiarized historical data and information.
A good feasibility study will limit the amount of paper used in your project. It will give you actual data that will enable your team to design a good facility for you.


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You are here: Home › General › Report: University of Central Arkansas jumps head-first into the Dhimmi Pool
Report: University of Central Arkansas jumps head-first into the Dhimmi Pool
By Ben Barrack on May 8, 2012 in General
Creeping Sharia just started moving a little faster in the United States. A teacher at the University of Central Arkansas was forced to apologize to her Saudi students for offending them with a photo that she liked.
Via Emirates 24/7 (h/t Weasel Zippers):
A female university teacher in the United States had to apologise to her Saudi students for offending Islam after they protested her behaviour to the management, Saudi newspapers reported on Tuesday.
The students went straight to the teacher's direct manager and complained that she had placed anti-Islamic pictures with abusive remarks in their books. They threatened that in case no action is taken, they would go straight to the chairman of the University of Central Arkansas in the southern state of America.
"We went into the office of the manager of the institute where we study and submitted a protest…we told her that if she does not take action against the teacher, we will go to the head of the university," Saudi student Ahmed bin Daheem Al Hajour said, quoted by the Saudi Ajel newspaper.
"The manager did take action as she promised and forced that teacher to apologise to us by sending messages to each of us on our Facebook pages…. she even removed her son's picture from her Facebook page and replaced it with the flag of Saudi Arabia."
In case you haven't noticed, Jihad has come to America.
Ben Barrack is a talk show host and author of the upcoming book, Unsung Davids
dhimmitude, jihad, saudi arabia, sharia, university
Glenn Beck: 'We're all Catholics now.'
Video: Cleric says Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood Presidential candidate will make Jerusalem the Caliphate Capital


High-value skin care material from nuts of the shea butter tree, has a high content of natural allantoins, vitamin E and carotenes; retains oil, smoothes and helps to heal skin inflammations.
Plant-derived ingredient made from cold pressing of the shea butter tree's nuts, softens the skin, cares for the skin, makes the skin smooth, retains fat, very well tolerated by the skin.
Shea butter cares for the skin, makes it softer and protects the skin. They are well-absorbed and bind water in the skin. Technologically they are seen as giving consistency.
The list of cosmetic products below is a selection of the most requested cosmetics that contain the ingredient Butyrospermum Parkii Butter Extract. The products are in alphabetical order. Please login to display the rating of all cosmetics.


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Lo zolpidem è un composto ipnotico non benzodiazepinico appartenente alla famiglia delle imidazopiridine, indicato nel trattamento a breve termine dell'insonnia. Il farmaco potenzia l'attività del GABA, un neurotrasmettitore inibitore, il medesimo su cui agiscono le benzodiazepine. Il farmaco è efficace più nella fase di induzione del sonno che nella fase di mantenimento ed è sostanzialmente privo di effetti miorilassanti e anticonvulsivanti, se non a dosaggi da 10 a 20 volte quelli necessari per ottenere la sedazione. In Italia il farmaco è venduto dalla società farmaceutica Sanofi-Aventis con il nome commerciale di Stilnox e da numerose altre società come medicinale equivalente.

Farmacodinamica
Zolpidem presenta una spiccata affinità per il sottotipo recettoriale omega-1 (BZ1) del complesso recettoriale GABA-A. Le benzodiazepine si legano invece in modo non selettivo sia al sottotipo recettoriale omega-1 sia a quello omega-2.
Gli effetti della molecola sono neutralizzati dalle sostanze antagoniste delle benzodiazepine, come ad esempio flumazenil.
Zolpidem riduce il tempo di latenza del sonno così come il numero dei risvegli.
La qualità e la durata del sonno risulta aumentata e si associa a una sostanziale preservazione dei vari stadi. In particolare non viene influenzata la durata del sonno paradosso (sonno REM) e sono mantenuti gli stadi di sonno profondo (sonno a onde lente).

Farmacocinetica
Dopo somministrazione per via orale, lo zolpidem è ben assorbito dal tratto gastrointestinale. La biodisponibilità della molecola è pari a circa il 70%. La concentrazione plasmatica massima (Cmax) viene raggiunta dopo circa 1-3 ore dalla somministrazione.
Zolpidem si lega alle proteine plasmatiche nella misura del 92,5% circa.
L'emivita di eliminazione è ridotta, mediamente intorno a 2,5 ore.
Il farmaco è eliminato soprattutto per via urinaria (56%) e fecale (37%) sotto forma di metaboliti inattivi.

Usi clinici
Il farmaco viene usato nel trattamento a breve termine (in genere da 2 a 6 settimane) dell'insonnia.
Il ricorso al farmaco è indicato solamente nei soggetti affetti da grave insonnia e nei quali la privazione di sonno risulta debilitante o tale da causare profondo malessere. Osservazioni cliniche su piccole casistiche suggeriscono che il farmaco possa avere effetti benefici inattesi in alcune categorie di pazienti affetti da patologie neurologiche:  in alcuni pazienti affetti da patologie neurologiche associate a disturbi dello stato di coscienza il farmaco ha indotto un miglioramento dello stato di coscienza; in alcuni pazienti con sindromi parkinsoniane (malattia di Parkinson, paralisi sopranucleare progressiva) il farmaco ha indotto un miglioramento di alcuni sintomi motori (rigidità, acinesia, tremore). Ulteriori studi su ampie casistiche potrebbero chiarire se il farmaco, attualmente indicato solo per l'insonnia, possa essere indicato in tali patologie neurologiche.

Effetti collaterali e indesiderati
 Amnesia anterograda: l'amnesia compare con maggior frequenza diverse ore dopo la somministrazione del farmaco. Al fine di minimizzarne gli effetti è opportuno che al paziente sia garantito un periodo di sonno di almeno 7-8 ore dopo l'assunzione del farmaco.
 Reazioni paradosse: alcuni pazienti, in particolare i bambini e gli anziani, dopo l'assunzione del farmaco possono presentare inquietudine, irritabilità, agitazione e talvolta aggressività franca. Queste reazioni paradosse tendono a presentarsi in particolare nelle fasi iniziali del trattamento. Il rischio di sviluppare queste reazioni richiede particolare cautela nel trattamento di soggetti affetti da nevrosi depressive o psicosi. Alla comparsa di queste reazioni il trattamento viene di norma interrotto.
 Sonnambulismo: l'impiego dell'ipnotico è stato associato a sonnambulismo e comportamenti correlati come parlare, passeggiare, guidare nel sonno, cucinare, mangiare cibo, telefonare, avere rapporti sessuali. Al risveglio i pazienti non ricordavano l'accaduto (amnesia per l'evento). Probabilmente il contemporaneo uso di alcol e di altri deprimenti del SNC aumenta la probabilità di sviluppare simili eventi. Dato il rischio elevato per il paziente e gli altri, in caso di episodi di sonnambulismo è preferibile sospendere il trattamento.
 Suicidio: il farmaco non è raccomandato per il trattamento, in monoterapia, della depressione o dell'ansia associata a depressione. In questi pazienti il trattamento sembra possa aumentare il rischio di ideazione di suicidio o le tendenze suicide.
 Sonnolenza: in corso di trattamento questo effetto indesiderato è stato riferito da un cospicuo numero di soggetti. I pazienti devono quindi essere avvertiti che è opportuna cautela nello svolgimento di attività che richiedono uno stato di veglia e di coordinazione costanti. In alcuni studi clinici è stato messo in evidenza come 8 ore dopo aver assunto 10 mg di zolpidem (la dose orale usuale) la percentuale di pazienti con concentrazioni plasmatiche di farmaco superiore a 50 ng/mL sia pari al 15% nelle donne e al 3% negli uomini. Tale concentrazione compromette in maniera significativa la capacità di guidare. Le citate percentuali aumentano al 33% per le donne e al 25% per gli uomini quando zolpidem in formulazione a rilascio prolungato è somministrato alla dose di 12,5 mg (FDA, 2013).
 Nei pazienti che hanno assunto già benzodiazepine, a causa della saturazione dei recettori gabaergici, il farmaco può dare l'effetto paradosso, cioè il peggioramento dell'insonnia.

Dosi terapeutiche
La durata della terapia deve essere la più breve possibile, ed è in genere compresa tra una o due settimane, con un massimo di quattro settimane. Si consiglia di assumere il farmaco al momento di coricarsi. Il dosaggio giornaliero è di 10 mg, in un'unica somministrazione, da assumere immediatamente prima di coricarsi. È comunque necessario adeguare la posologia alla minima dose efficace. Nei soggetti anziani o debilitati, in genere molto sensibili agli effetti ipnotici della molecola e nei pazienti con insufficienza epatica (che eliminano il farmaco in modo meno efficace), viene consigliata una dose di 5 mg.

Interazioni
 Alcool: durante il trattamento si raccomanda di non assumere bevande alcoliche. L'alcool può infatti accentuare gli effetti depressivi di zolpidem sul sistema nervoso centrale. Il farmaco deve pertanto essere somministrato con attenzione nei pazienti con una storia di etilismo.
 Sostanze con effetto deprimente sul sistema nervoso centrale (SNC): ansiolitici, antidepressivi, sedativi, narcotici, neurolettici, anestetici possono comportare un aumento dell'effetto deprimente a livello centrale, pertanto l'associazione con zolpidem dovrebbe essere evitata.
 Narcotici, barbiturici e sedativi: l'associazione con questi farmaci può aumentare la sedazione e la depressione respiratoria e cardiovascolare indotta da zolpidem. Inoltre per quanto riguarda i narcotici, si può manifestare un aumentato senso di euforia, che può condurre con maggiore facilità allo sviluppo di dipendenza psichica.

Gravidanza e allattamento
Anche se studi sperimentali sugli animali non indicano effetti dannosi diretti o indiretti, la somministrazione di zolpidem durante la gravidanza dovrebbe essere precauzionalmente evitata. L'assunzione durante l'ultimo periodo di gravidanza o durante il parto è stata associata a ipotermia, ipotonia, depressione respiratoria moderata. È inoltre noto che l'uso cronico di benzodiazepine o farmaci simil-benzodiazepinici in donne gravide, in particolare durante le ultime fasi della gravidanza, può comportare la comparsa di sindromi da astinenza nei neonati. Il farmaco non deve essere somministrato a donne che allattano al seno.

Tolleranza, dipendenza e sintomi astinenziali
Quando zolpidem è utilizzato per lunghi periodi di tempo (in genere dopo alcune settimane di somministrazione) può indurre tolleranza, può cioè indurre un effetto ipnoinducente ridotto rispetto a quanto si verificava nei primi giorni di terapia.
Alcuni studi clinici hanno evidenziato che l'uso a lungo termine di zolpidem è associato a tolleranza al farmaco, dipendenza fisica e psichica, insonnia rebound ed effetti indesiderati a livello del SNC. Per tale motivo viene raccomandato che zolpidem sia utilizzato per brevi periodi di tempo e con la più bassa dose efficace.
Zolpidem è efficace nel trattare l'insonnia al dosaggio di 10 mg; se usato in modo intermittente assumendo da 3 a 5 compresse alla settimana per un periodo di 12 settimane, Zolpidem al dosaggio di 15 mg non determina alcun apprezzabile vantaggio o miglioramento clinico rispetto al dosaggio di 10 mg. Studi sperimentali su animali (roditori) hanno evidenziato che zolpidem determinerebbe meno tolleranza rispetto alle benzodiazepine, ma nei primati la capacità di indurre tolleranza è stata sovrapponibile a quella delle benzodiazepine.

L'uso di zolpidem può portare a dipendenza fisica e psichica. Il rischio di sviluppare dipendenza è in relazione alla dose utilizzata e alla durata del trattamento, ed è maggiore nei soggetti con una storia di abuso di droghe o alcool.
L'interruzione brusca del trattamento è spesso accompagnata da sintomi di astinenza: cefalea, dolori muscolari, ansia estrema, tensione, irrequietezza, confusione mentale, irritabilità, derealizzazione, depersonalizzazione, iperacusia, intorpidimento e formicolio delle estremità, ipersensibilità alla luce, al rumore e al contatto fisico, allucinazioni o scosse epilettiche.
I sintomi di astinenza possono manifestarsi anche in caso di improvvisa sostituzione di un farmaco ipnoinducente a lunga durata d'azione con uno a breve durata d'azione come lo zolpidem. Sospendere gradualmente la terapia dopo trattamenti prolungati (maggiori di due settimane) per evitare l'insorgenza di crisi di astinenza.

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Ansiolitici


I like it. You should put that poster in your office!
An excellent reflection, and as a former middle school principal, I would concur with your observations. All educators need to be aware of how to build resiliency in kids (and this varies by age and stage) and we need to develop stronger partnerships with parents to help our young people.


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In 1796 the Connecticut Land Company purchased three million acres in the Connecticut Western Reserve and arranged for settlers from New England to travel by boat from Buffalo into Ohio. The name Chagrin came about when the settlers found unexpected falls blocking their passage along the river. They stopped there and founded a town, giving it a name that indicated their feeling of the moment. Westel Willoughby was a 23-year-old physician, trained by the preceptor method, who built a successful practice in Chagrin. He eventually founded Willoughby University of Chagrin.
In 1834 the Ohio Legislature passed two bills, which eventually would bear on our lives. The first was a charter for the City of Columbus and the second a charter for Willoughby University of Lake Erie, located at Chagrin, Ohio. In 1834, there were no colleges of medicine west of Ohio and only a total of 27 in the country. In the Western Reserve at that time there was a Western Reserve College and Oberlin Collegiate Institute, besides several academies. In Ohio, there were the Medical College of Ohio at Cincinnati and the reformed Botanic Medical School of Worthington.
The medical department of Willoughby University was transferred to Columbus as Willoughby Medical College of Columbus in 1847. At that time, Columbus was a city of about 14,000. Willoughby Medical College of Columbus never finished its first session since the name was changed to Starling Medical College when Lyne Starling, gave $30,000 to build a hospital and medical school. He is not to be confused with Dr. Starling Loving (named for Lyne Starling) who came to Columbus in 1846, traveling from Cincinnati on the Mad River Railroad, the only railroad in the state.
"Eighteen hours after leaving Cincinnati, we got to Columbus at 3 a.m. I remember being congratulated by the urbane clerk at the hotel on having made a speedy trip."
In the early 1890's, another school, The Ohio Medical University, was founded in Columbus. Negotiations were completed for union of The Starling Medical College and The Ohio Medical College into the Starling-Ohio Medical College in 1907. Later, the Starling-Ohio Medical College merged with The Ohio State University.
As the legislation for the merger was prepared, all went well but the bill was unexpectedly amended: to the surprise of the faculty there were two medical colleges in The Ohio State University - a College of Homeopathic Medicine had been added. This latter college was discontinued in 1922.
The Ohio State University Department of Otolaryngology was established under the direction of John Edwin Brown, MD, in 1914. Dr. Brown practiced both ophthalmology and otolaryngology and was Professor of Otology and Rhinolaryngology at the earlier Ohio Medical University and later at The Ohio State University College of Medicine where he was also head of the Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology beginning in 1914.
Dr. Brown became president of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and lived 103 years. He was honored on the occasion of his 100th birthdate by Howard House, who presented him with a certificate describing him as the only true centurion among living otolaryngologists. It is interesting that Dr. Brown served as a physician to the Ohio Penitentiary since our residents now service that institution.
Hugh G. Beatty, MD, became head of the department in 1923. Dr. Beatty was an influential member of the Columbus medical community, a member of The American Laryngological Association, and was instrumental in founding The American Board of Plastic Surgery. He was particularly interested in head and neck surgery, bronchoesophagology and plastic surgery with special reference to the repair of cleft lip and palate.
Dr. Beatty retired in 1951 at age 70, but continued to practice for over 20 years. He was followed as chairman of the department by Russell G. Means, MD, who held the position only one year. Dr. Means was succeeded by Edward Harris, MD, who was chairman until his death in 1961.
William J. Miller, MD, joined the staff in 1941, Herbert Emswiler, MD, already being on the staff. Also joining the staff during the years of World War II was Daniel Sanor, MD, and shortly after came Drs. Richard Wehr, Trent Smith, John Lowery, William Krech, J.C. Deishley, Carl Roth, Jerry Arrington and Irene Jasys.
Among those who completed their residency in this department and went on to join the staff were Drs. John Arthur, Trent Smith, John Gersten and Herbert Birck. Other faculty members were Michael Paparella, MD, (1964-1967), Victor Vermeulen, MD, (1964-1972) and Daniel Lavignia, MD, (1973-1975).
For a number of years, otolaryngologists in neighboring cities such as Gallipolis, Newark, Marion, Springfield and Lancaster were appointed to the staff and more recently this practice has been re-established with the appointment of physicians in Zanesville.
William Saunders, MD, joined the faculty in 1954 as assistant professor and was the first full-time member of the department. He became chairman on the death of Dr. Harris and retired from the chairmanship in 1984, when he was succeeded by David Schuller, MD.
The Ohio State University Department of Otolaryngology is established under the direction of John Edwin Brown, MD.
First bronchoscopy clinic west of the Alleghenies, opened by Hugh G. Beatty, MD. Ophthalmology splits from Otolaryngology to form its own specialty.
Otolaryngology provides medical care for University Hospital, Children's Hospital and St. Frances Hospital. An approved two-year combined residency in ENT was established.
A three-year separate residency program is approved. This residency has continued with the addition of a year of general surgery training and the addition of a fourth year of otolaryngology, for a total of five postgraduate years.
1950s In 1951 Russell G. Means, MD, becomes department chair. He is instrumental in helping Charles Doan, MD, get approval for the new University Hospital. In 1952 Edward W. Harris, MD, becomes department chair. In 1954 William Saunders, MD, joined the faculty as assistant professor and was the first full-time member of the department.
The residency program gains Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education status. Professor John J. O'Neil of the Department of Speech begins training and instructing the residents in the science of audiology. Otolaryngology residents begin training in allergy. They are taught by Dr. French Hansel in St. Louis.
1960s William H. Saunders, MD, becomes department chair. As the first full-time staff member, he is credited with building the department to its modern-day structure. Dr. Saunders becomes the first physician to perform a septal dermoplasty surgery.
The Otologic Research Labs open – initiated by Michael S. Paparella, MD, and later taken over by David Lim, MD, in 1967.
1970s The Head and Neck Oncology program is established under the direction of David E. Schuller, MD.
In 1984 David E. Schuller, MD, becomes department chair. He extends the residency program to five years.
Andrew Migletts, MD, becomes the first physician in central Ohio to perform a cochlear implant surgery in an adult patient. That same day, D. Bradley Welling, MD, PhD, and Howard Lowrey, MD, become the first physicians in central Ohio to place a cochlear implant in a pediatric patient.
The James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute opens under the direction of David E. Schuller, MD.
Beginning of the OSU Balance Disorders Clinic; only one of three in the U.S.
Opening of Voice and Swallowing Disorders Clinic under the direction of L. Arick Forrest, MD, and Michael Trudeau, PhD. This is the first of its kind for the treatment of patients with voice disorders and continues to be one of the few centers of excellence in the U.S. for voice and swallowing disorders.
Project EAR makes its first mission trip to Los Alcarrizos, Dominican Republic.
The department becomes an LLC. D. Bradley Welling, MD, PhD, becomes department chair.
Opening of the Biomedical Research Tower, a 10-story, $160 million biomedical research and education facility dedicated to advancing basic science for the betterment of human health. Addition of a general otolaryngology practice. First mission trip to Managua, Nicaragua.
2007 Addition of a facial plastic's practice and the Speech and Hearing Science Research Department. Voice and Swallowing Disorders Clinic collaborates with the Department of Music and Department of Speech Pathology in a doctorate-level program. Becomes the first of its kind.
Theodoros Teknos, MD, is named director of the Head and Neck Oncologic Surgery program. Addition of a sinus practice and the Head and Neck Research Group.
Addition of an allergy practice. Karen Calhoun, MD, is the first allergy physician in central Ohio to offer sublingual immunotherapy as a treatment for allergies. In June 2009 the Eye and Ear Institute opens.
Addition of a sleep surgery practice.
The Joan Levi Bisesi Foundation for Head and Neck Cancer Research starts the Dental Partnership program under direction of Theodoros Teknos, MD – early detection of oral cancer.
The department turns 100! The department ranks 15th in the nation by U.S. News & World Report, the only one ranked in central Ohio.
In April, Theodoros Teknos, MD, becomes department chair.
In December, oncologists from the Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery transition into the newly opened Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Institute.
2015 Approved sleep apnea treatment, upper airway stimulation, now available; technology developed by Eugene Chio, MD.
The department ranks 7th in the nation by U.S. News & World Report; ranks 1st in Ohio.
The Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy & Immunology merges with the Department of Otolaryngology and the Eye and Ear Institute.
Grand opening of the Buckeye Center for Hearing and Development. Renovations are made to the Eye and Ear Institute, and the Sinus and Allergy Clinic opens.
The department ranks 6th in the nation by U.S. News & World Report; ranks 1st in Ohio.
In December, James Rocco, MD, PhD, named department chair.


Align the Spine Chiropractic believes in the value of wellness care for you and your family and have maintained a pricing structure that allows care for all budgets. Our office accepts some insurance programs. We also accept auto accident cases on a limited basis. For patients who have little or no chiropractic insurance coverage. To learn more about our payment options for chiropractic and wellness care, you can call our office directly.
Some insurance plans are accepted at our office. We accept auto accident and personal injury on a case by case basis. Since there are so many insurance plans and coverage varies widely, please call us to find out if your plan covers care in our office. Our staff will verify and explain your benefits before treatment, at no charge.
We are providers for Blue Shield PPO plans and American Specialty Health Networks. We are providers for most major insurance plans. Most PPO plans will cover out-of-network chiropractic care, however there may be a deductible and co-pay that is different than in-network care. However, due to the problems we have had with Medicare, as of November 17th, 2008 we will no longer accept assignment from Medicare. We will bill Medicare for you so that you can be re-imbursed by the insurance company.
Our focus at Align the Spine Chiropractic is to actively help you and your family in taking responsibility for your health, wellness, and disease management. We assist and guide you to take the time to care for the important people in your world: you and your family. In an effort to make living the wellness lifestyle as easy and affordable as possible, we can create a customized family plan that is specific to you and your family.
At Align the Spine Chiropractic we're convinced that a small amount of your time and money to care for your most important asset--your health--will be far less time consuming and expensive than trying to recover it. If you feel you do not have enough time or money to take care of yourself, please contact us--we can help! The last thing we want is for you to come to our wellness center in crisis. So please, we would like to encourage you to take your health very seriously. As the old saying goes, if you don't have your health, you don't have anything. Unfortunately, too many people don't discover how true that statement is until it is too late.


Take-Two has been going after GTA mods for years now. In mid-2017, it successfully shut down three modding tools with cease-and-desist notices, convincing one of the teams to donate its proceeds to charity. As Kotaku noted at the time, some players cheered this decision, since cheaters had used their extra powers to attack people without the mods. But Take-Two also ignited protest by banning the popular general-purpose modding system OpenIV. Rockstar Games eventually convinced the publisher to rein in its legal threats, and it agreed it "generally will not take legal action" against non-commercial mods for the game's single-player content.


text:
W.S. Neal, T.R. Miller athletes qualify for state track meet
Published 2:17 pm Wednesday, April 30, 2003
By By ROBERT BLANKENSHIP - Managing Editor
A number of athletes from both T.R. Miller High School and W.S. Neal High School qualified to participate in the 3A state track meet after their performances in the sectional meet last week.
T.R. Miller took overall first place in both the boys' and girls' competition which featured seven schools. The boys earned a total of 172 points while the girls finished with 141.
The W.S. Neal boys' and girls' teams each finished in fourth place. The boys finished with a total of 96 points while the girls finished with 43.
Boys to compete at state
Among the top finishers for the boys was Antonio Gomez. Gomez finished with th best time in the 110 hurdle at 14.99. He also placed first in the 300 with a time of 42.08.
Miller's Demetrius Preyer placed first in the discus event, throwing for a total distance of 118 feet, seven inches.
Tye Walker also took a first place slot for the Tigers. He won the javelin with a distance of 135 feet, six inches.
T.R. Miller's Michael Jones took first place in the 100 meter with a time of 10.73.
Rodney Lane took first for the Tigers in the 400 meter with a time of 52.30.
Antawn Gomez also earned a first place for Miller, winning the tall jump with a distance of 43'.
T.R. Miller also earned several first place finishes in team events. The Tigers took first place in the 4×100 relay with a time of 43.95. They also took first in the 4×400 with a final time of 3:40.
W.S. Neal's Antonio Gross earned two first place finishes for the Blue Eagles. He finished first in the long jump with a distance of 20 feet, 7.5 inches and in the 200 meter with a time of 22.24.
The top three athletes from each event automatically qualify to compete in the state meet at Troy University on May 2 and 3. The athletes who earned a right to compete at the state level are as followed.
From T.R. Miller: Michael Jones - 100 meter; Rodney Lane - 400 meter; Neal Cheatham - 400 meter, high jump; Antawn Gomez - 400 meter, long jump; Antonio Gomez - 110-meter hurdles, 300-meter hurdles, high jump; Skylar Fountain - 110-meter hurdles, Dewaun Johnson - 300-meter hurdles; Demetrius Preyer - shot put, discus; Tye Walker - javelin and Kevin McCall - javelin.
From W.S. Neal: Alfonso Gross - 100-meter, 200-meter, long jump; Marcus Folmar, 200-meter; Nick Benjamin, 300-meter hurdles, triple jump; Chris Johnson, shot put and Kendrall Williams, discus.
T.R. Miller relay teams qualified in the 400-meter, 1,600-meter and 3,200-meter.
W.S. Neal's relay team qualified in the 400-meter.
Athletes who placed in the four through seven slots are considered wild cards and may be chosen to participate in the state competition.
Girls to compete at state
Among the top finishers for the girls was T.R. Miller's Brittnee Malloyd who finished first in the long jump with a total distance of 15 feet, 8.5 inches and in the shot put with a distance of 32.4.
Lady Tiger Joy McCorvey took first place in the 100-meter with a time of 12.56 and finished first in the 200-meter with a time of 25.94.
T.R. Miller's Jasmine Sanford earned a first place finish in the tall jump with a distance of 35 feet.
Shay Lane took the top spot in the high jump for the Tigers with a total distance of 4 feet, 10 inches. She also finished first in the 400-meter with a time of 1:05.
Lady Tiger relay teams also finished first in the 4×100 with a time of 50.98 and the 4×400 with a time of 4:55.
Girls qualifying for a spot in the state track meet are as followed.
From T.R. Miller: Joy McCorvey - 100-meter, 200-meter; Jasmine Sanford - 100-meter, 200-meter, triple jump; Shay Lane - 400-meter, long jump, high jump; Brittnee Malloyd - long jump, triple jump, shot put; Candace Smith - shot put and discus.
T.R. Miller also qualified in the 400-meter relay and the 1,600-meter relay.
From W.S. Neal: Tierra Andrews - 1,600-meter and Misha Brown - shot put.
W.S. Neal also qualified in the 400-meter relay with a time of 54.71.
Tigers stay alive with win over Northside


text:
Mollie and Oscar fell pregnant at 13. Here's what their lives look like, two years on.
Zara McDonald
Mollie Smith was 13 years and 11 months old when she fell pregnant with her son, Theodore.
She hadn't intended to fall pregnant at all, and she knew, upon reading that pregnancy test for the very first time, that perhaps her boyfriend wouldn't be stoked with the news.
"I had gastro, but I had a funny feeling it was something more. I took the [pregnancy test] and it came back with [a positive result]… and Oscar was not impressed I don't think," Mollie told The Project on Wednesday night.
Oscar Wilks, then also 13, worried about what his parents would say.
"I just sort of wondered what my parents would think, you know. There are a lot of things running through your head at that point."
The two were taking contraception but, like so many do, thought pregnancy would "never" happen to them.
Image: Channel 10.
"I was on the pill, then I stopped and moved to another one which was horrible. In between that period, we were just a bit stupid, weren't we? Yeah, I fell pregnant. I think we thought it will never happen to us," Mollie told the show.
What It Means To Give Birth On Country
The Delivery Room
Little Kids: Does Sex Really Induce Labor?
This Glorious Mess
"I don't think we thought about what it really meant to have a child… I think the parenting skill is much the same for anyone. You pick it up as you go."
Oscar is refreshingly candid about how he felt in those early weeks. Initially, he didn't want the baby at all.
"I will say this brutally honestly, I was pretty pushy for [an abortion]. After the first ultrasound, I sat in there and they were like blasting the heart beat over the speakers, definitely changed my opinion very quickly."
Mollie, on the other hand, was determined to have the baby she begun forging a connection with from day one.
"I felt such a connection to Theodore. During my pregnancy, I was so connected to him."
In December last year, Mollie gave birth to the couple's second baby, Delilah, at the age of 16. Despite the fact they are two teenagers with two babies, Mollie and Oscar cherish the relationship they've built together.
"[How Mollie does it all] is beyond me. I don't understand how she gets through her days sometimes. She's very inspirational," Oscar said.
"I couldn't imagine a life without Oscar," Mollie added. "I have built a life for myself with Oscar in it."
More than that, she Mollie says while backlash comes, she tries not to listen.
"I'm not a bad person. I just have two children.
"The judgement comes from people with a lot of lack of understanding of our situation. As long as we know our kids are happy and the house is running and, you know, they're fed and they're happy, I think really that's all that matters."
The Young Mummy Sophie Cachia is snapchatting her labour. Too much information or important documentation of the realities of giving birth?
parenting-2
the-motherish
Annie 4 years ago
A few years ago at my workplace, the payroll mistress (who was in her 30's at the time) walked up to me in the middle of an open plan office and told me in quite a loud voice that I was a very naughty girl. I was wearing a swing top and she (wrongly) thought I was pregnant. I was also 28 and, whilst its irrelevant to the situation, she obviously didn't know I was married. I have often thought about that moment and regretted that I wasn't quick thinking enough (or so taken aback) to put her in her place firstly, but also thought about the fact that if I was in a bad place emotionally because I was single, young and pregnant, how much worse would judgement from this woman have made me feel.
To be pregnant at 13 is obviously not everyone's ideal situation, but good on you both for accepting what has happened and getting on with your lives together.
Guest 4 years ago
Headline writer: Oscar didn't "fall pregnant". Mollie did. Oscar also didn't give birth, or gestate a foetus. Give credit where the credit is due; we don't need to include men into an act wherein it is actually physically impossible for them to participate.
David S 3 years ago
They dealt with it as a couple and remain committed to one another as a family. I think more women would be more happy if the fathers of their children felt the same way, rather than washing their hands of it and bailing out on them - which, let's face it, is probably far more common.
Ariana 3 years ago
Being committed to one's child and the family is called being a father, not being "pregnant". I guess I'm not the only one who thought this will be a transgender story, in fact that's why I opened the article in the first place.


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text:
Jul-9-2019
Uruguay – New polymer banknotes driving soon.
The Banco Central del Uruguay is expected to receive this month the shipment of new polymer banknotes of 20 (UYU20.3)...
Albania – Details on new family of banknotes.
Virjon Lalollari, Director of the Bank of Albania Issue Department, has confirmed to us today that only the new 200...
Jun-23-2019
Samoa – New Commemorative Note Released Tomorrow.
The new polymer 10 tala commemorative banknote (WST10.4) will be issued tomorrow June 24. The new banknote celebrates the XVI...
Jun-6-2019
SAMOA – New banknote.
Here is the picture of the new banknote commemorative of the XVI Pacific Games (WST10.4) to be issued at...
Samoa – New commemorative banknote.
The Central Bank of Samoa announced on May 24 that it will soon issue a 10 tala banknote (WST10.4) commemorative of the...
Morocco – Commemorative non-monetary note.
The Moroccan fiscal printer Dar As-Sikkah has produced a non-monetary note to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of Bank al-Maghrib, the...
Albania – New polymer banknote.
The new banknotes of 200 lekë (ALL200.3) to be issued this year will be printed on polymer substrate. Courtesy: Banka...
Apr-26-2019
Solomon Islands – New banknote.
This is the picture of the new polymer banknote of 5 dollars to be issued on May 2. Courtesy: Stane...
Azerbaijan – Polymer banknotes.
Elman Rustamov, Chairman of the Central Bank of Azerbaijan, announced that the bank plans to migrate in the future to...
The Central Bank of the Solomon Islands announced today that the new polymer banknote of 5 dollars (SBD5.4) will be...
Solomon Islands – New polymer banknote.
The issue of a new polymer banknote of 5 dollars (SBD5.4) is imminent. The note is green and shows a...
Eastern Caribbean – New details about their new polymer banknotes.
Mr Robert Humphrey, Acting Director of the Currency Management Department of the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank, provided in an interview...
Libya – New commemorative 1 dinar polymer banknote.
The new polymer banknotes of 1 dinar commemorative of the 8th Anniversary of the Revolution of February (LYD1.9) are in...
Northern Ireland – New banknotes issued today.
Ulster Bank, Danske Bank and Bank of Ireland have issued today new polymer banknotes of 5 and 10 pounds....
Vanuatu – Commemorative banknote.
This is the picture of the 500 vatu commemorative of the Vanuatu 2017 Pacific Mini Games (VUV500.5) issued in...
Australia – New banknote of $20 unveiled.
The Reserve Bank of Australia revealed today the design of the new banknote of 20 dollars (AUD20.4) to be issued...
Libya – Polymer banknote.
The Central Bank of Libya announced yesterday that it will issue today a new banknote of 1 dinar (LYD1.9) commemorative...
Northern Ireland – New polymer banknote of 5 and 10 pounds.
Danske Bank's new polymer banknote of 10 pounds (NIR-DB10.2), and Bank of Ireland's 5 (NIR-BI5.4) and 10 pounds (NIR-BI10.4) ones...
Dec-8-2018
China People's Republic – New polymer banknotes
According to unconfirmed reports the People's Bank of China will migrate to polymer substrate for the banknotes of 5 (CNY5.4),...
Egypt – New polymer banknotes
Tarek Amer, governor of the Central Bank of Egypt, said yesterday that new banknotes of 10 pounds (EGP10.6) printed on...
Mauritius – New banknotes, withdrawal of old ones.
The Bank of Mauritius will issue tomorrow December 5 an improved polymer note of 2,000 rupees (MUR2,000.3) to replace...
Romania – New commemorative banknote.
Here is the photo of the new banknote commemorative of the 100 years of the Great Union of 1...
The National Bank of Romania will issue on December 1st. a new banknote of 100 lei (RON100.2) commemorative of the...
Bank of Scotland – New polymer banknotes
Here are pictures of the new polymer banknotes of Bank of Scotland. The 5 (SCO-BS5.4) and 10 pounds (SCO-BS10.6) notes...
Royal Bank of Scotland – New banknote of £20.
Further to our posting of 23 Oct 2018, here are additional details of the back of Royal Bank of Scotland's...
Scotland – RBS unveils new banknote of £20
The Royal Bank of Scotland has unveiled today its new polymer banknote of 20 pounds (SCO-RB20.3) to be issued in...
Papua New Guinea -New banknotes
The Bank of Papua New Guinea has issued on October 18 a new banknote of 100 kina (PGK100.4) of...
Australia – New banknote of $50
The Reserve Bank of Australia will issue its new banknote of 50 dollars (AUS50.3) this Thursday Oct. 18. All previous...
England – New £50 banknote
The Bank of England has initiated the process of preparing a new £50 banknote (GBP-BoE50.4) to be issued after 2020....
Papua New Guinea – New banknote
Bank of Papua New Guinea will launch a commemorative banknote to mark Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) meeting in November 2018....
Armenia – New banknotes video
In a video published today images of what seem to be the definitive designs of the new banknotes to be...
Armenia – New banknotes in November.
Arthur Javadiyan, governor of the Central Bank of Armenia, announced today that the new polymer banknotes will be released to...
Uruguay – New polymer banknotes
The Banco Central del Uruguay has begun the process to issue new regular polymer banknotes of 20 (UYU20.3) and 50...
On the occasion of the release of the 50 pesos commemorative banknote (UYU50.3), Mario Bergara, president of the Banco Central...
Uruguay – New commemorative banknote.
The Banco Central del Uruguay presented yesterday and issued today its new polymer banknote commemorative of the 50th Anniversary of...
Uruguay – Commemorative new banknote.
Mario Bergara, President of the Banco Central del Uruguay, will present this Friday the new banknote commemorative of the 50th...
Ulster Bank – new banknotes.
A video in an article published today in the Belfast Telegraph shows a glimpse of the back of the new...
Australia – Release date for new banknote of $50.
Reserve Bank of Australia governor Philip Lowe announced yesterday that the new banknotes of 50 dollars (AUD50.3) will be...
México – New banknote, new family
Banco de Mexico has presented yesterday its new banknote of 500 pesos (MXN500.6) which will start circulating today. It is...
México – New banknote of 500 pesos
The Banco de México will present and issue next Monday August 27 new banknotes of 500 pesos (MXN500.6). It is...
Somaliland – Polymer banknotes
According to a report published today by eryaltv.com the Baanka Somaliland is planning to migrate to polymer for its new...
Solomon Islands – New banknote
Denton Rarawa, governor of the Central Bank of the Solomon Islands, announced that a new banknote of 5 dollars (SBD5.4)...
Marvin Alvarado, treasurer of the Central Bank of Costa Rica announced on June 12 at the High Security Printing –...
Denton Rarawa, Governor of the Central Bank of the Solomon Islands, spoke today about the colored 2 dollars coin and...
De la Rue presents novel security device
The new banknotes of 10 pula of Botswana recently issued have the Gemini™-Microtext, a new security device added to there...
Viktor Savenko, Director of the Department of Monetary Circulation of the National Bank of Ukraine, declared that the issue of...
Da Afghanistan Bank is assessing the feasibility of issuing polymer notes, to improve the quality of circulating notes, in view...
Northern Ireland, Ulster Bank
Ulster Bank plans to replace its paper notes with vertical polymer ones. The new 5 pounds (NIR-UB5.5) and 10 pounds...
Bank of Russia has issued today the new banknote commemorative of the 2018 FIFA World Cup (RUB100.5). It is the...
The National Bank of Macedonia has unveiled its new banknotes printed on polymer, which will be issued on May 15....
Narodne Banka na Republika Makedonia will issue on May 15 new polymer notes of 10 (MKD10.2) and 50 denari (MKD50.2)....


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The discussion will center around ribonuclease P (RNase P), an ubiquitous, essential enzyme that has an RNA subunit. In eubacteria, the RNA subunit is catalytic and there is one protein subunit that acts as a cofactor. In eukaryotes, the RNA subunit is not catalytic and there are several protein subunits. The properties of the enzyme and the subunits from these two kinds of organisms will be discussed as well as the relevance of the finding of catalytic RNA for theories of the origin of life. A new, general method for the inactivation of gene expression, based on the properties of RNase P, will be outlined. This method has been applied successfully in laboratory cultures to a variety of clinically important problems.


In terms of section 1 of the Income Tax Act a natural person will be a "resident" for tax purposes if that person is ordinarily resident in the Republic of South Africa ("the Republic"). Persons who are not at any time during the relevant year of assessment ordinarily resident in the Republic, will also qualify as "residents" if they meet the so-called physical presence test. The definition of "resident" furthermore specifically excludes any person who is deemed to be exclusively resident of another country for purposes of the application of any double tax agreement entered into between South Africa and that other country.
When leaving the Republic to go work and live in another country, it may therefore result in such person ceasing to be a "resident". In these circumstances, careful consideration should be given to the possible capital gains tax ("CGT") consequences which may arise.
Section 9H of the Income Tax Act provides that where a person ceases to be a resident for tax purposes, the person must be treated as having disposed of his/her assets for an amount equal to the market value of such assets (the so-called "CGT exit charge"), in other words, a price which would be obtained between a willing buyer and a willing seller on an arm's length basis. This disposal is deemed to take place the day immediately before the individual ceases to be a tax resident. The person is furthermore deemed to immediately reacquire such assets at a cost equal to this same market value, which expenditure must be treated as an amount of expenditure actually incurred for the purposes of paragraph 20(1)(a) of the Eighth Schedule. In other words, the market value of the assets at the time of the exit will be treated as the base cost of such assets in the future.
The CGT exit charge does not apply to immovable property situated in the Republic held by that person or any asset which after cessation of residence becomes attributable to a permanent establishment of that person in the Republic. Also excluded are certain qualifying equity shares received in terms of broad-based employee share plans, as well as qualifying equity instruments or rights to acquire certain "marketable securities".
Persons leaving the Republic either permanently or for extended periods should therefore consider whether or not they cease to be residents in the Republic for tax purposes and whether the CGT exit charges may apply to them.


Neighbourhood Small Grants can enable residents to strengthen their community by bringing people together.
Delta residents who want to connect with others to make their community a better place to live can do something about it with a Neighbourhood Small Grant from the Delta Foundation.
Based on a simple, but powerful idea – that everyone is a valuable member of the community and that we all have something to share -- Neighbourhood Small Grants of $50 to $500 can enable residents to strengthen their community by bringing people together, sharing their skills and knowledge, celebrating diversity and increasing their sense of belonging.
True to the grassroots spirit of the program, each Neighbourhood Small Grant will be awarded by Delta residents themselves. Local volunteers will review the ideas submitted and decide which ones to fund.
Applications for Neighbourhood Small Grants are open from Feb. 13 until April 9.
"This program helps people meet other people they do not know in their neighbourhood and open doors to make needed changes and create memories that will last years to come," said Jennifer Graham, program coordinator at the Delta Foundation.
The program has funding partnerships with the Vancouver Foundation and the City of Delta.
For more information on the Neighbourhood Small Grants program, or to apply online, visit www.neighbourhoodsmallgrants.ca/communities/delta or contact Jennifer at 604-721-7307 or jennifer.graham@deltafoundation.org.


Bearfoot pedals are famous for the amp-like tones they emulate. If you like bright, expressive tones, this is the pedal for you. Their funky overdrive adds a dynamic and powerful edge to your sound. With this kind of variation and loose distortion, Bearfoot pedals are perfect for blues, classic rock, avant-garde, or indie musicians. To learn more about Bearfoot pedals, visit Eddie's Guitars today.


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Colorado State Flag Premium Snapback Retro Hat Denver Boulder 6511
Color Black Heather Grey White
Black Heather Grey White
Colorado State Flag Premium Snapback Retro Hat Denver Boulder 6511 - is backordered and will ship as soon as it is back in stock.
OS (One size Snapback)
55% Polyester / 43% Cotton / 2% Spandex
6-panel, low-profile with hard buckram & silver under-visor
Patented stretchable polyester mesh spandex on side & back, with comfort-fit design
Sizes: OSFA
The flag of the state of Colorado consists of three horizontal stripes of equal width; the top and bottom stripes are blue, and the middle stripe white. On top of these stripes sits a circular red "C", filled with a golden disk. The red "C" filled with golden disc also represents colors of Spanish flag. The blue is meant to represent the skies, the gold stands for the gold rush in the late 1800s, the white represents the snowcapped mountains, and the red represents the ruddy colored earth.
The flag was designed by Andrew Carlisle Carson in 1911 and adopted by the Colorado General Assembly on June 5 of the same year. However, the legislature did not specify the size of the "C" or the exact shade of blue or red. Thus, some flags were in slightly different colors and had the "C" wholly within the center stripe. On February 28, 1929, the General Assembly added to the description of the flag that the blue and red would be the same color as the flag of the United States. On March 31, 1964, the legislature further dictated the diameter of the gold disc to be equal to the center stripe.
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