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Chelsea future uncertain after sanctions against owner Abramovich
By Reuters | Mar 10, 2022
A security officer puts barricades outside Stamford Bridge, the stadium for Chelsea Football Club, after Britain imposed sanctions on its Russian owner, Roman Abramovich, in London, Britain, March 10, 2022. REUTERS
European champions Chelsea are now effectively under the control of the British government after Russian owner Roman Abramovich was placed under sanctions on Thursday.
Abramovich, who had been under scrutiny following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, had announced he was selling the Premier League club last week.
Yet that process is now on hold, leaving the club, ranked by Forbes as the seventh most valuable in world soccer at $3.2 billion, in a state of limbo.
The Russian bought the West London team in 2003 for a reported 140 million pounds ($184 million) and his investment contributed hugely to the most successful era in the team's history as they won five Premier League titles, five FA Cups and the Champions League twice.
His purchase of the club helped transform the landscape of English football with Chelsea breaking the stranglehold of Manchester United, Arsenal and Liverpool.
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Abramovich had funded Chelsea via 1.5 billion pounds in total loans through Fordstam Limited, the entity through which he owns the club.
In their most recent accounts in December, Chelsea who reported losses of 145.6 million pounds, said they were "reliant on Fordstam Limited for its continued financial support".
Yet now there is a huge question mark over the club's future.
Chelsea, the Premier League and a spokesperson for Abramovich did not immediately respond to requests for comment.
A number of potential new owners had emerged in the past week, including several American sports executives, but there is now a block on any sale.
A source close to Chelsea had told Reuters on Wednesday that the expectation within the club was that a deal would be done "sooner rather than later".
Potential buyers will now have to wait to see how any eventual legal appeal from Abramovich plays out and whether there is any change in stance from the British government in the coming weeks and months.
SPECIAL LICENCE
Chelsea are now operating under a special government licence, which allows some exemptions to the asset freeze restrictions, in order to allow the west London club to fulfil their fixtures.
Chelsea, who are currently third in the Premier League and in the last 16 of the Champions League, will be able to play their games and pay their players and broadcasters will be permitted to show their matches on television.
Only fans who have already purchased tickets or who have season tickets will be allowed to attend matches, the government said while no new merchandising sales will be permitted.
The club will not be able to enter into transfer deals for new players or receive money for selling existing players -- effectively a transfer ban.
However the club will be able to continue paying the wages of all employees, including their playing and coaching staff.
British government Culture Secretary Nadine Dorries said the moves were aimed at "depriving Abramovich of benefiting from his ownership of the club".
"I know this brings some uncertainty, but the Government will work with the league and clubs to keep football being played while ensuring sanctions hit those intended," Dorries said in a statement.
"Football clubs are cultural assets and the bedrock of our communities. We're committed to protecting them."
Fans group, the Chelsea Supporters Trust (CST), urged the government to involve fans in future decisions over their club.
"The CST notes with concern the Government's statement regarding the owner. Supporters must be involved in any conversation regarding ongoing impacts on the club and its global fan base," they said in a statement.
"The CST implores the Government to conduct a swift process to minimise the uncertainty over Chelsea's future, for supporters and for supporters to be given a golden share as part of a sale of the club."
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This incredible family from Nottingham is a true example of how Forever can help whole families set up successful businesses from scratch.
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Initially Johanne was sceptical about the business and so spent a further two years researching the company.
Anna was first introduced to Forever a year ago and was really excited about what it could give her and her family….


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Home News Fazoli's Development Heats up with Seven New Signings in Q2
Fazoli's Development Heats up with Seven New Signings in Q2
July 19, 2022 · ·
America's largest premium QSR Italian chain signs seven area development agreements, adding 22 new locations across the country to rapidly growing pipeline
Lexington, KY (Restaurant News Release) Fazoli's is carrying the momentum from its high-performing Q1 into the summer as it closed out another successful quarter of driving robust franchise growth across the country.
President Doug Bostick announced today that the iconic Italian brand signed seven area franchise development agreements in the second quarter for 22 new locations, putting Fazoli's unit count even closer to the 250-unit benchmark. The agreements will result in openings in five existing states — Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Texas — in addition to a long-awaited return of Fazoli's in Nevada and Utah.
"We're thrilled to bring Fazoli's craveable Italian flavors to existing and new markets across the country," Bostick said. "Fazoli's structured model provides our franchisees with the tools they need to succeed. With a proven drive-thru strategy and concept, a digital-forward infrastructure and a value-driven menu that fans crave, Fazoli's continues to thrive. Our franchisees have reported impressive sales numbers across the system, and we can't wait to continue to grow our best-in-class brand across the country!"
Nearly 85% of all candidates who take part in a discovery day sign on to join the Fazoli's Franchise Family. Last year, Fazoli's signed a record 25 new groups for 75 locations. Building on its fast-paced franchise momentum, Fazoli's has received several industry accolades, including being named No. 7 on Fast Casual's "2022 Top 100 Movers & Shakers List," and one of Franchise Business Review's "Recession-Proof Franchise Investments" for 2022.
For more information about franchise opportunities, visit ownafazolis.com or contact Fazoli's sales team at steve.bailey@fazolis.com or david.boatright@fazolis.com.
About Fazoli's: Fast. Fresh. Italian.
Founded in 1988 in Lexington, Ky., Fazoli's owns and operates nearly 220 restaurants in 27 states, making it the largest premium QSR Italian chain in America. Fazoli's prides itself on serving premium quality Italian food, fast, fresh and friendly. Menu offerings include freshly prepared pasta entrees, Submarinos® sandwiches, salads, pizza and desserts – along with its unlimited signature breadsticks. Fazoli's is a winner of FastCasual and Steritech's 2020 Excellence in Food Safety Award and ranked number seven on FastCasual's "Top 100 Movers and Shakers" list in 2022. Additionally, it was named to Technomic's "Top 500 Chain Restaurant Report" in 2022, selected as one of the "Top 50 Global Fast Casual Innovators in 2021" by Foodable, a "Top 200 Franchises in 2021" by Franchise Business Review, and an Entrepreneur 2018 "Franchise 500." Fazoli's was a recipient of the 2021 American Business Awards Gold Stevie Awards in Food & Beverage for Company of the Year.
About FAT (Fresh. Authentic. Tasty.) Brands
FAT Brands (NASDAQ: FAT) is a leading global franchising company that strategically acquires, markets, and develops fast casual, quick-service, casual dining, and polished casual dining concepts around the world. The Company currently owns 17 restaurant brands: Round Table Pizza, Fatburger, Marble Slab Creamery, Johnny Rockets, Fazoli's, Twin Peaks, Great American Cookies, Hot Dog on a Stick, Buffalo's Cafe & Express, Hurricane Grill & Wings, Pretzelmaker, Elevation Burger, Native Grill & Wings, Yalla Mediterranean and Ponderosa and Bonanza Steakhouses, and franchises and owns over 2,300 units worldwide. For more information on FAT Brands, please visit www.fatbrands.com.
This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including statements relating to the timing and performance of new store openings and growth in same-store sales. Forward-looking statements reflect expectations of management concerning the future and are subject to significant business, economic and competitive risks, uncertainties and contingencies, including but not limited to uncertainties surrounding the severity, duration and effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. These factors are difficult to predict and beyond our control, and could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements. We refer you to the documents that are filed from time to time by FAT Brands Inc. with the Securities and Exchange Commission, such as its reports on Form 10-K, Form 10-Q and Form 8-K, for a discussion of these and other factors. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this press release.
Blake Heckel
bheckel@championmgt.com
Tags: FAT Brands, Fazoli's, Fazoli's franchise, Fazoli's restaurants, Italian restaurants, NASDAQ: FAT, restaurant, restaurant franchise, restaurant news

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This study underscores the fact that the integrated child development services had succeeded over the years in reducing the severe forms of malnutrition like marasmus and kwashiorkor, but diarrhea and ARI were still common and still the girl child is still being neglected. The Indian constitution grants women equal rights with men, but strong patriarchal traditions persist, with women's lives shaped by customs that are centuries old. A daughter is viewed as a liability, and she is conditioned to believe that she is inferior and subordinate to men. Sons are idolized and celebrated. In childhood a female is a subject to her father, in youth to her husband, when the husband is dead, to her sons, a woman is never independent. A primary way that parents discriminate against their girl children is through neglect during illness. when sick, little girls are not taken to the doctor as frequently as are their brothers. This preferential treatment would continue unless a dramatic change occurs in our present social set up.


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West Warwick - Police Officer
Department West Warwick Police Department
Type Entry Level
Job Title Police Officer
Salary Start $68,709.68
Deadline Feb 1, 2023 11:59 PM Eastern
Registration Fee $35.00
Contact wwpdrecruitment@gmail.com
Location West Warwick, RI
Login & Apply Now
Fitness Test Medical Certificate
recruitment presentation
RIMPTA Physical Fitness Assessment Standards
WEST WARWICK POLICE DEPARTMENT
IS NOW ACCEPTING APPLICATIONS FOR
PT TEST will be held on 02/11/2023 at 9am at the West Warwick Civic Center located at 100 Factory St. West Warwick, RI. NOTE: If you have a current Fit 2 Serve test you may submit that in lieu of taking the PT test. However you will need to be present to take the Written test.
WRITTEN TEST will be held on (Same day) 02/11/2023 at 1pm at the West Warwick Youth Center, located at 40 Factory Street, West Warwick RI.
West Warwick Police Officers provide continuous patrols, perform a variety of community services, and acts as a first response to all incidents and emergencies. Officers conduct preliminary criminal investigations, investigate traffic collisions, and enforce federal laws, state laws, and local ordinances. In 2022 our 51 sworn police officers responded to over 20,000 calls for service within the town's 8 square miles, serving approximately 30,000 residents. The department has a variety of divisions including the Patrol Division, Detective Division, Special Investigations Unit, Community Policing, School Resource Officers, and an Honor Guard. The department is also part of West Warwick/Coventry Regional SWAT Team. Please visit www.westwarwickpd.org for a closer look at our agency.
In order to be eligible for the testing process, applicants must:
Be a United States Citizen
Be at least 21 years of age by June 30, 2023
Possess a valid driver's license
Possess a high school diploma or have obtained a General Equivalency Diploma
Have earned at least thirty (30) college credits from an accredited institution recognized by the US Department of Education by February 1, 2023 OR
Served at least one (1) year in the US Military on active duty OR National Guard/Reserve military duty by February 1, 2023
Be of good moral character
Patrol Officer Salary after 1 year of probation: $1,321.34/week
13 Paid Holidays
Medical & Dental Coverage
Defined Benefit Pension System
Annual leave of 15 vacation days, 16 sick days and 4 personal days upon completion of probation
Physical Fitness Assessment
Oral Interview Board
Background Investigation
****Please note that a physical Fitness Test Medical Certificate must be presented on the day of the Physical Fitness Assessment and must be dated within 6 months. Applicants who do not bring a completed Fitness Medical Certificate to the Physical Fitness Assessment will not be allowed to participate and will be removed from the process. A copy of the Fitness Test Medical Certificate can be found at the top of this page. Dates for the Physical Fitness Assessment will be on February 11, 2023.
Further information regarding qualifications for the Physical Fitness Assessment as well as information related to the Rhode Island Municipal Police Training Academy can be found at http://rimpa.ri.gov/.
Individuals with past applications on file must reapply.
The West Warwick Police Department is an Equal Employment Opportunity Employer.
Please direct questions regarding this position to wwpdrecruitment@gmail.com
Jobs close at 11:59 PM (Eastern) on the deadline date specified, or when the position capacity has been met, or unless otherwise specified in the announcement. If the deadline date is not specified in the announcement, the agency has sole discretion on setting the deadline and jobs may close without notice. It is the applicant's responsibility to thoroughly read and understand the deadline requirements and capacity limits as outlined by the agency.
Applicants are responsible for checking their email and logging into their PoliceApp, PublicSafetyApp, FireFighterApp or EmployementApp account to monitor for emails, scheduling and process updates.
View Current Entry Level West Warwick RI Law Enforcement Jobs & Police Jobs. | Privacy Policy | Terms of Use | Mobile Site


text:
General Contractor Indicted Over Misuse of Funds
Legal alerts, Maine
Payment in the construction industry is a complex beast. As a result of the top-down payment system, parties at the bottom of the payment chain are at the mercy of the contractors above. In order to protect themselves, those at the top of the payment chain regularly insert timing provisions and conditions for payment in the form of pay when paid and pay if paid contracts. When these parties have questionable ethics, a project can get messy fast. That's exactly what happened a few years ago in Rockland, Maine. After losing in civil court, the general contractor misusing funds has recently been indicted for criminal theft.
The actions of a general contractor have lead to years of litigation and now an indictment for criminal theft. The property owners hired Robert Garrison to contract their home in Rockland, Maine on a $235,000 contract. After paying nearly 85% of the contract, the project was seriously behind schedule.
So where did the money go? After the homeowners filed a civil suit and subpoenaed bank records, the picture became clear. Garrison had been using the funds as a personal account and for general business expenses. According to the general contractor's records, funds from the homeowners went to personal accounts, cash, and to unpaid sums on other projects. Among these other projects was a project for Garrison's daughter. While a contractor is certainly entitled to paying himself, the actions here went well beyond that.
As a result of Garrison's actions, the property owners filed a civil suit and were ultimately awarded over $125,000, including punitive damages. For more details on the civil cases, Bangor Daily News and The Courier-Gazette have the story.
Get free mechanics lien form
We're the mechanics lien experts. We offer forms made by attorneys and trusted by thousands.
As you could probably infer, the general contractor misusing funds harmed not only the homeowners, but also subcontractors and suppliers. On the project in question, Garrison failed to pay two suppliers a total of over $30,000. The parties filed mechanics liens on the property as a result. Luckily for the homeowners, the court ordered that Garrison pay the sums rather than foreclosing the lien on the property. The contractor's misconduct extends beyond this project as well. Garrison failed to pay suppliers on another project nearby which resulted in over $60,000 in liens. In the latter civil suit, Garrison's wife testified to using some of the funds for Christmas shopping. The court found that the Maine general contractor was liable rather than the homeowners in this suit, too.
After losing these suits, Garrison attempted to file for bankruptcy. Because the contractor's debts arose from fraudulent actions, however, they could not be discharged. But mechanics liens prevail in most bankruptcy situations anyway. Somehow, the worst was to come.
After taking the contractor to civil court, the homeowners on both projects urged the District Attorney to charge Garrison with criminal theft. After reviewing the facts, the District Attorney did in fact charge the contractor with two counts. A grand jury indicted Garrison in early June. As a result, the contractor could face up to 10 years in prison. For more on how mechanics liens and criminal law can intersect, see this post on mechanics liens and criminal law.
The payment structure of the construction industry puts enough of a burden on small businesses already, and those problems are only exacerbated by bad actors. For everyone else, transparency in the industry is an important, attainable goal. While the property owners are certainly not to blame for what happened, lien waivers help promote transparency which was lacking here. The issues from the projects above may have been detected earlier had the owners required lien waivers when progress payments were made. Asking them to waive their rights when the contractor hasn't made payments would have raised a red flag with subcontractors and suppliers.
For more information on mechanics liens, lien waivers, and other issues in the construction industry, click the button below to follow the blog! For more on lien and bond law in Maine, head to our Maine Mechanics Lien FAQs or see our other posts on Maine.
Matt is a Louisiana native who's settled in New Orleans after a brief stop in Baton Rouge. Matt joined the Levelset team as a Legal Intern when it was still called zlien, back in 2016. Since then, he's completed his studies at Tulane University Law School and become a licensed Louisiana attorney. Matt works to simplify complex processes in order to help construction businesses across the country make payment problems a thing of the past.
Lien Waiver vs. Lien Release: What's the Difference?
Lien waivers and lien releases are completely different documents (even though they are often confused by the construction industry). Read...
What Is a Work in Progress Schedule? | Construction Accounting
The Work In Progress (WIP) schedule is an accounting schedule that's a component of a company's balance sheet. It's calculated...
What Is Underbilling? | Construction Industry Accounting
Underbilling occurs when a contractor does not bill for all the labor and materials delivered in a billing cycle. It...
What Is a Notice of Commencement? Your Guide with Form Downloads
Typically, the filing of a notice of commencement by the property owner or other top-of-chain party affects preliminary notice and...


text:
describe "retrieving the latest untagged pact" do

  let(:path) { "/pacts/provider/Provider/consumer/Consumer/latest-untagged"}

  subject { get path; last_response  }
  let(:json_response_body) { JSON.parse(subject.body, symbolize_names: true) }

  before do
    TestDataBuilder.new
      .create_consumer("Consumer")
      .create_provider("Provider")
      .create_consumer_version("1.2.3")
      .create_pact
      .create_consumer_version("4.5.6")
      .create_consumer_version_tag("prod")
      .create_pact
  end

  it "returns the latest untagged pact version" do
    expect(json_response_body[:_links][:self][:href]).to end_with("1.2.3")
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
SirColby.com
The Art of Colby Jones
Filed under: CARTOONS,Fantasy — Colby @ 2:37 pm
Her mobile home is a skate.
GrandGirls and GrandBoys
Filed under: CARTOONS,Fantasy — Colby @ 10:32 am
I just spent the weekend with two of my grandkids. One boy, one girl. Each one asked me to draw something for them. Look carefully at each drawing and see if you can tell who asked for what.
Pen, colored pencil on paper
Princess' Pet Dragon
Another grandkid request. I deflected the calls for a drawing that was basically a repeat of the Dragon Princess Tea Party (August, 2010) but she insisted we have a "Cinderella" princess, a friendly dragon and a castle. The dragon should be blue and have a blue bow. What? Later she added that the dragon should be a rainbow dragon. Again, what? Here is what I came up with. I didn't have a scanner available and had to take photos of the drawing but you get the idea.
Filed under: CARTOONS,Fantasy,Sports and Recreation — Colby @ 4:36 pm
Dorothy, you're not in Canton anymore.
Pirates and Sea Serpents
The latest grandkid request was for me to draw a pirate ship. I can't just draw a ship. It has to be doing something. So I added the battle with a sea serpent. Then I had to explain what a sea serpent is.
Dragon Princess Tea Party
I asked the grandkids, "What do you want me to draw?" The three year old granddaughter said a princess tea party. The six year old grandson wanted two dragons fighting. This is what I came up with.
The three year old wanted me to add a "friendly" dragon. He's at the bottom.
You! Earthling!
Filed under: CARTOONS,Fantasy,Science, Health, Weather — Colby @ 11:15 am
I'd Like A Flat Top
Darth Bather
Another grandkid request:
"What do you want me to draw?"
"Darth Vader!"
"What do you want him to be doing?"
"Fighting a good guy."
I started throwing out mundane alternatives like, "How about Darth Vader eating macaroni and cheese?" "How about Darth Vader hopping up and down on one foot?" "And eating macaroni and cheese?" We'd giggle and then come up with other things just as silly. We finally settled on Darth Vader taking a bath.
Dammit, Wolfman!
We can't stop being who we are.
Political, Justice, Media
Science, Health, Weather
About SirColby
Ordering Art
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A gene on chromosome 14q21.3 that encodes a protein of the ADP-ribosylation factor gene family, which encode small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that stimulate the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of cholera toxin and are involved in vesicular trafficking as phospholipase D activators. ARF6 localises to the plasma membrane and regulates vesicular trafficking, membrane lipid remodelling and actin remodelling.
Genetic studies have implicated different ARFs in diverse growth processes including embryogenesis (ARF5/MONPTEROS, ARF17), root (ARF7/NPH4, ARF10, ARF16, ARF19) and floral development (ARF1, ARF2, ARF3/ETT1N, ARF6, ARF8), and senescence (ARF2).
Adipocyte-specific transcription factor ARF6 is a heterodimeric complex of two nuclear hormone receptors, PPARa and RXRa.
FRMD4A regulates epithelial polarity by connecting Arf6 activation with the PAR complex.


A graduate in international and European law and in geopolitics, she also gained a technical and field expertise in competitive intelligence and European business.
Lorille has also been strongly involved in the development of corporate intelligence in Switzerland. Indeed, she is a member of the board of Swiss Competitive Intelligence association Swissintell, and manages the French version of the association's website.


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His Majesty's Theatre
His Majesty's Theatre is north-east Scotland's largest theatre. Designed by Frank Matcham, this Category A listed theatre sits opposite Aberdeen's Union Terrace Gardens.
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His Majesty's Theatre is north-east Scotland's largest theatre. Designed by the legendary theatre architect Frank Matcham, this Category A listed theatre sits opposite Aberdeen's Union Terrace Gardens. Pick up tickets for His Majesty's Theatre events right here at TickX.
His Majesty's Theatre is the largest of the three Aberdeen arts venues Aberdeen Performing Arts runs. The other two venues the charitable trust operates are The Music Hall and the Lemon Tree. The theatre first opened in 1906, and has been under Aberdeen City Council's ownership since 1975.
This grand theatre is the heart of north-east Scotland's performing arts scene as it welcomes national and international touring companies. His Majesty's Theatre presents award-winning Broadway and West End musicals, stunning family shows, and stage plays straight from the West End. It is also the home of Scottish Ballet and Scottish Opera in the north-east.
His Majesty's Theatre can fit up to 1,491 people sat across its four levels. No matter whether you want to catch a show front and centre from the stalls, or from the back of the balcony, you're guaranteed a perfect view. You're sure to appreciate the talent on show too. Over the years the theatre has hosted performances from famous names like Charlton Heston, Sir Ian McKellen and Vivien Leigh.
His Majesty's Theatre doesn't just take its name from a king. Its facilities are also fit for one. The 1906 restaurant offers guests a fantastic pre-show dinner. Meanwhile, those looking for a simple snack can find it at the theatre's café bar.
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Pirate radio is illegal or unregulated radio transmission.

Pirate Radio may also refer to:

 "Pirate Radio", a 2004 album by Mars Ill
 "Pirate Radio", a 2005 episode of Danny Phantom
 Pirate Radio (box set), a 2006 compilation album by The Pretenders
 Pirate Radio or The Boat That Rocked, a 2009 British film
 KQLZ (100.3 FM), a licensed radio station that marketed itself as "Pirate Radio" from 1989 to 1992, now known as KKLQ
 WSOU (89.5 FM) at Seton Hall University, known as "Pirate Radio" after the school's athletic teams

See also
 Pirate Radio Four, a 1980s BBC Radio 4 program
 Pirate Radio USA, a 2005 documentary film
 Pirate FM, a British broadcaster covering Cornwall and west Devon

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Traditional Chinese Martial Arts and the "YMCA Consensus"
***I am very excited to introduce the following guest post by my friend Scott Phillips. In this essay Scott draws on his extensive study of modern Chinese religious and social history in an attempt to develop a powerful new concept for describing and theorizing the massive reforms of the Chinese martial arts that occurred during the Republic period. I thought that his idea was intriguing when he first told me about it a few months ago, and I am very happy that he agreed to compose a guest post that could be shared with the readers of Kung Fu Tea. Hopefully this essay gets people thinking, debating and talking about how we should understand the trajectory of the Chinese martial arts during these critical decades. Enjoy!***
The YMCA Consensus
by Scott Park Phillips
The Need for a Proper Name
Sometimes for an intellectual project to move forward a whole body of study has to be given a proper name. In this post I intend to coin a new term, The YMCA Consensus. The major cultural shift that happened at the beginning of the 20th Century has been a difficult obstacle to discussions about the cultural history of Chinese martial arts. Thus I'm proposing we give this cultural shift a name so that we can move the discussion forward.
For instance, when I explain to people that in China theater was subject to various forms of suppression, they naturally want to know why. And generally they want to configure an orderly victim-oppressor framework with which to understand this assertion. Generally in the West we understand the suppression of theater for two reasons, obscenity and subversion. And because of that bias we tend to see the problem as a discourse between a puritanical movement and resistance to it, or between a social order and an attempt to disrupt it. But the actual reason for suppressing theater in China was to break the connection between martial skills, public performance, and religious institutions, as part of a cultural movement to establish a new order. The main public justification offered for ongoing acts of suppression was that the combination of theater, martial skills, and religion kept the Chinese nation weak, vulnerable, ignorant, backward, and superstitious.
I wrote the book Possible Origins, A Cultural History of Chinese Martial Arts, Theater, and Religion (2016) because my interest in performance skills, martial skills, and religious experience gave me unique insights into the history of Chinese martial arts that were mostly absent from either popular or scholarly discussions of the subject.
1919 Shanghai YMCA basketball team. Source: Kautz family archives, University of Minnesota Libraries.
Until quite recently, scholars of Chinese religion were averse to discussing or investigating martial arts or martial skills. (Avron Boretz, Douglas Farrer, and Meir Shahar are recent exceptions.) Informally, it was considered career suicide. This has been justified in all sorts of ways, mainly that it is difficult to escape personal biases and that the subject is politically charged, but frankly, it requires very specific skill sets that few Chinese religious scholars have acquired.
It is largely agreed among Chinese religious scholars who look at the early 20th Century, that there was a massive shift in practice and perspective that coincided with government restrictions and forced codifications of doctrine, practice and institutional frameworks (Goossaert, 2011; Palmer, 2011; Liu, 2009).
These ideas about what religion should be came from many sources. Sun Yet-sen and Chang Kai-shek were Protestants and both married to the daughters of Charlie Soong, a wealthy and influential Christian missionary trained in the United States. Towards the end of the Qing Dynasty, it was common for Chinese elites to voice the view that traditional society was crippling innovations in technology, commerce, the emancipation of women, education, science, and medicine. These voices were amplified after the Boxer Rebellion and culminated in the May 4th Movement which, after gaining the support of the new government, became a powerful voice for radical changes in society.
Under the new Republic (1911), the fate of religion was debated, and the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) became the model of acceptable religious institutions. I am making this statement in hindsight, they did not name the YMCA specifically, but it is accurate. All religious organizations had to have outreach, charity, a membership, a regular constituency, a popular moral code for upright living, and many other elements of Evangelical Protestantism. Most importantly ritual was repressed and ridiculed if not outright banned. Theater which put gods and demons on the stage as sources of divine power was soundly rejected along with exorcisms of any kind (Paper, 1995). Martial skills which had been integrated with theater and religion had to be purified of superstitious and backwards elements, so that what had been a storehouse of chaotic forces and cosmos-rectifying intentions could be taught at the YMCA.
To describe this change, religious scholars sometimes use the term Protestant, or Protestantization (Palmer, 2011). They also use Scientization to refer to the project of adopting scientific sounding language to describe inner alchemy, meditation, qigong, or martial arts in an attempt to confer authority under the new consensus (Liu, 2009). While we could easily see suppression, especially as it escalated to mass murder during the Communist era, as ALL BAD—modern anthropologists have tended to emphasize the incredible resilience, innovation, creativity, and cooperation that the Chinese people have shown in continuing to practice these traditions (Lagerwey, 2010).
Cantonese Opera Performers in San Francisco, circa 1900. This picture came out of the same milieu as the one above it. Notice the wide rounded blades used by these performers. Such weapons had a lot visual impact but were relatively safe to use on stage.
Theater, defined broadly to include stage performance, masked processions, exorcistic puppet shows, home entertainments, spirit mediums, and street performers, has been given too little attention by scholars. In China theater was a profoundly physical art form with almost no documentation of method prior to the 20th Century. The most elaborate forms (opera) were performed by a permanently degraded caste, called mean people (jianmin) (Johnson, 2009). Some of the best studies make use of a play or a festival schedule and attempt to contextualize it with other supporting materials written by elite observers (Volpp, 2011; Johnson, 2009). There is a consensus among anthropologists of Chinese culture that religious ritual and theater are inseparable (Chan 2006; Lagerwey, 2010). Most of the informants who have studied Chinese theater report being required to learn some martial arts as part, if not the core, of their basic training (Riley,1997). The first Chinese films grew out of this theater tradition, but by 1930 the Shanghai film industry was shut down as theatrical martial arts displays were banned. The consensus against the integration of theater, martial skills, and religion had the force of government to back it up.
It should be noted that the YMCA and other Christian Evangelical organizations were profoundly anti-theater. They saw it as the source of Chinese resistance to "the Good News" Modern Western institutions were bringing. Chinese theater put unruly gods and demons on the stage as sources of history, social organization, moral order, and inspiration; the YMCA saw theater as the enemy.
From the beginning of the Republic, the YMCA Consensus was the official policy of both the Nationalist and the Communist factions; it was somewhat weaker in Hong Kong, which under exceptional British protection, became a refuge for those fleeing Communism (Judkins, 2015). Hong Kong movies which were banned in the PRC, unselfconsciously employed pure martial artists alongside Beijing opera trained performers, thus violating the consensus in a myriad of creative ways.
Heibi Guoshu School, located in Tianjin (1927). Source: Taiping Institute
Under the YMCA Consensus, martial arts which were fully integrated with theater and religion had to be purified of superstitious and backwards elements. At first this movement was called Jingwu, pure martial arts, and Tiyu, physical culture (Morris, 2004). Later, as it took a role in the establishment of nationalist body discipline it was called Guoshu (national arts). After the Communist revolution in 1949 it was called Wushu.
Among scholars of Martial Arts in the first half of the 20th Century there was little dissent. While it is difficult to determine what is propaganda and what is serious scholarship, there is little doubt that the two most well known scholars Tang Hao and Xu Zhen were fully indoctrinated into the YMCA Consensus. This is a particular problem for a few Western scholars who have repeated their "findings" uncritically; Peter Lorge and Stanley Henning come to mind. For example the 16th Century general Qi Jiguang, whose writing has rightly been pointed to as an early source for Tai Chi and other martial arts, is presented as a "pure martial artist" with no religious or theatrical connections. This is really a sin of omission. He was in fact a deeply religious man, who practiced the golden elixir (jindan) in nine stages, healing by exorcism, and was involved in rituals for transforming the battlefield dead into ghost soldiers (guibing)(Berling, 1980; Meulenbeld, 2015). He also had a profound connection to the immortal Zhang Sanfeng through his meditation teacher who was a direct disciple of the immortal (Dean, 1998). As a military leader encamped for many years fighting pirates on the coast he worked closely with the local gentry and almost certainly sponsored theatrical festivals as part of the local liturgical calendar. Such things would have been expected of a man in his position (Dean 1998; Berling 1980). Lorge, Henning, and many others, frame Tang Hao's work as debunking myths, when in fact he was attempting to impose the YMCA Consensus on those who still dared to hint at the theatrical and religious synthesis of martial arts (Lorge 2011, 219; Henning, 1994,1995).
The Chinese Boxing Club of Fukien Christian University. Source: http://findit.library.yale.edu
Why Call it a Consensus?
The inspiration for naming this change in Chinese culture the YMCA Consensus comes from a 2011 blog post by David Chapman. In the post titled "The Crumbling Buddhist Consensus," Chapman summarizes many of the conflicts in modern Buddhism. He coined the term Consensus Buddhism to describe the coordinated response of Buddhist teachers in the West to suppress the more chaotic and ungainly aspects of Buddhist practice. This coordination happened toward the end of the 1980s as Buddhist lineages, initially populated by sex-positive and consciousness-expanding Hippies, were coming into conflict with the puritanical values of the larger culture. There were numerous scandals surrounding promiscuous, and otherwise badly behaved, teachers. That consensus lasted more than 25 years. But, in short, as second generation teachers became experts in language and history, they looked in vain for Buddhist teachings on peace, love, and understanding, much less "social justice" or "social engagement." This new breed of Buddhist teachers realized these concepts are not authentically Buddhist, and since then, edgier practices like tantra have grown in popularity.
Besides being an inspiration for the YMCA Consensus, Chapman's work is a powerful investigation of the way religion and culture interact, and how East meets West. I recommend it to everyone interested in the history, dissemination, and evolution of martial arts.
The YMCA Consensus was not a discourse between two competing social movements, tradition and modernity for instance. It was a conscious decision to re-center Chinese culture. That new center controlled many Chinese institutions, including military and educational. A discourse suggests a back and forth. The YMCA Consensus was a very strong political movement that swept up the majority of the population. Over forty years it expanded and contracted as institutions and individuals reacted or adapted to it. When the Communist took over in 1949, they made it absolute.
Previous scholars who have peeked in around the edges of this subject have most often referred to the YMCA Consensus as Nationalism, by which they usually mean Fascism. Understandably scholars wish to use the same terminology when discussing both China's and Japan's transitions to Modernity, but the parallels do not justify it, they are simply too different. Discussions of Communism sometimes get mixed in also–Communism broke the records for mass torture and intentional starvation of the Chinese people–but Communism did not change people's understanding of martial arts, it simply continued and amplified the YMCA Consensus established earlier. Studies of theater also use the term Nationalism, but use the term Modernity to refer specifically to the process of aesthetic purification. Referring to the same cultural movement, religious scholars use the awkward terms Protestantization or Scientization.
Building on Chapman's work I would like to coin the term the YMCA Consensus to describe the transition to Modernity that happened in China between 1890 and 1940. Specifically it refers to the process by which people came to see theater, religion and martial arts as separate subjects.
Scott Park Phillips lives in Bolder Colorado, where he integrates the teaching of Chinese martial arts, dance, improvisational theater, and Daoist cultivation. He writes the blog "Weakness with a Twist," and is the author of Possible Origins, A Cultural History of Chinese Martial Arts, Theater, and Religion, published by Angry Baby Books (2016). He is currently working on two separate monograms which are alternate histories of Taijiquan and Baguazhang incorporating their theatrical and religious origins.
Berling, Judith A. The Syncretic Religion of Lin Chao-en, Columbia University Press, 1980.
Boretz, Avron Albert. Gods, ghosts, and gangsters: Ritual violence, martial arts, and masculinity on the margins of Chinese Society. University of Hawaiʻi Press, 2011.
Chan, Margaret. Ritual is theatre, theatre is ritual: Tang-ki Chinese spirit medium worship. Singapore Management University, 2006.
Chapman, David. https://vividness.live/2011/06/07/the-crumbling-buddhist-consensus-overview
Dean, Kenneth. Lord of the three in one: The spread of a cult in southeast China. Princeton University Press, 1998.
Farrer, D. S. "Becoming-animal in the Chinese martial arts." Living Beings: Perspectives on Interspecies Engagements (2013): 215-246.
Goossaert, Vincent, and David A. Palmer. The religious question in modern China. University of Chicago Press, 2011.
Henning, Stanley. "General Qi Jiguang's Approach To Martial Arts Training"
Journal of the Chen Style Taijiquan Research Association Of Hawaii, Vol. 3, No. 2, Summer 1995, 1-3 (minor editorial changes/clarifications, July 2006).
Henning, Stanley. "Ignorance, Legend and Taijiquan" Journal of the Chen Style Taijiquan Research Association Of Hawaii, Vol. 2, No. 3, Autumn/Winter 1994, 1-7.
Johnson, David George. Spectacle and Sacrifice: The Ritual Foundations of Village Life in North China. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2009.
Judkins, Benjamin N., and Jon Nielson. The Creation of Wing Chun: A Social History of the Southern Chinese Martial Arts. SUNY Press, 2015.
Lagerwey, John. China: A religious state. Vol. 1. Hong Kong University Press, 2010.
Liu, Xun. Daoist modern: Innovation, lay practice, and the community of inner alchemy in republican Shanghai. Vol. 313. Harvard University Council on East Asian, 2009.
Lorge, Peter Allan. A History of Chinese Martial Arts. Cambridge University Press, 2011.
Morris, Andrew D. Marrow of the nation: A history of sport and physical culture in Republican China. Vol. 10. Univ of California Press, 2004.
Meulenbeld, Mark. Demonic Warfare: Daoism, Territorial Networks, and the History of a Ming Novel. University of Hawaii, 2015.
Palmer, David A., Glenn Shive, and Philip L. Wickeri, editors, Chinese religious life. Oxford University Press, 2011.
Palmer, David A., and Xun Liu, editors. Daoism in the Twentieth century: between eternity and modernity. UC Berkeley Press, 2012.
Paper, Jordan D. The spirits are drunk: comparative approaches to Chinese religion. State University of New York Press, 1995.
Phillips, Scott Park. Possible Origins, A Cultural History of Chinese Martial Arts, Theater, and Religion, Angry Baby Books, 2016.
Riley, Jo. Chinese theatre and the actor in performance. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press, 1997.
Shahar, Meir. The Shaolin monastery: history, religion, and the chinese martial arts. University of Hawaii Press, 2008.
Volpp, Sophie. Worldly stage: theatricality in seventeenth-century China. Harvard University Asia Center, 2011.
Chinese Martial Studies, Guest Posts, Martial Arts and Religion
Chin Woo Association, Chinese Martial Arts, chinese martial studies, Guest Post, guoshu, Jingwu, Kung Fu, martial arts history, Martial Arts Studies, Scott Philips, Wushu, YMCA Consensus
3 thoughts on "Traditional Chinese Martial Arts and the "YMCA Consensus""
Hi Scott, this is a really interesting post. I'm very much with you on a lot of this! I was fascinated by what you say about Qi Jiguang – could you tell us more about the evidence regarding his practice of the golden elixir (in nine stages!), his engagement in exorcistic healing, and his holding of rituals for producing ghost soldiers. I'm also curious: in the sections I've managed to read of his military manuals there doesn't seem to be a connection to these. (But then, these have primarily come to me through a martial studies debate which has generally, as you argue, repressed connections to the magical or religious [or theatrical] as irrelevant…) Are they something he wrote about elsewhere in his Record of Military Training?
Scott P Phillips
Thanks for the kind words Luke. Confucian culture, or government culture, had rules or standards about what one could talk about in official documents, and Qi Jiguang wrote his manuals with these rules in mind. And he probably took out the empty-handed-fist poem in the text when he republished it later in life for that reason (he had essentially been fired for sexual harassment). Gods, ghosts, demons, immortals and subjects related to them were off limits in these kinds of texts unless you were discussing putting down a religious rebellion or something like that which would justify the discussion. But that tells us zero about his personal life or his religious life which was substantial.
My next book makes the connections between Zhang Sanfeng in theater and Qi Jiguang in both his poems and religious life, as well as many other elements of 1550s to 1600s popular cultural. Once all this material is collected in one place it becomes apparent that this is the origins of Taijiquan. To directly address your question, I believe there are collections of Qi Jiguang's personal correspondence which would be incredibly valuable to these discussions but I haven't seen them. I believe Ray Huang's book about the year 1587 would have those references: https://www.amazon.com/1587-Year-No-Significance-Dynasty/dp/0300028849
For some basic background on Qi Jiguang's religious life check out Kenneth Dean's book, Lord of the Three in One (referenced above).
BC Cook
Great article. I both thoroughly enjoyed it and was helped by it!


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Karachi:�Pakistan stocks closed lower amid political uncertainty after blasts on poll offices.�At local equity market benchmark KSE-100 share shed by 94.86 points or 0.50 percent to stop the day at 18,822.85 points compared to 18,917.71 points of the last working day on Friday.
Analyst said institutional profit-taking witnessed in stocks across the board amid concerns for security unrest in the city.
Consolidation in blue chip stocks post major quarter end earning announcements, economic uncertainty on falling FX reserves after IMF repayments and circular debt issues in Pakistan energy sector played a catalyst role in bearish sentiments at KSE.
KSE-Allshare index decreased by 60.48 points or 0.45 percent to close the day at 13,395.02 points, KSE-30 share index lost 84.08 points or 0.58 percent to end the day at 14,500.10 points while KMI-30 share index misplaced 136.63 points or 0.41 percent to conclude the day at 32,793.38 points. �Due to deteriorating law and order situation in Karachi, local bourse dropped by 0.5pc. Unconfirmed news of gas discontinuation of Engro Fertilizer plant also dampened the sentiment. Result announcement from leading companies like NBP, MCB, Lucky, Engro and FFC failed to boost the sentiments. With low volumes across the board profit taking was seen. While, TRG, Lotte Chemical and Wateen Telecom remained in limelight, dealers observed.
Bourse traded 157.128 million shares on Monday after opening at 206.021 million shares and the value of traded shares was reduced to Rs 3.837 billion from Rs 5.470 billion. The Capitalisation of local equity market settled at Rs 4.628 trillion compared to Rs 4.649 trillion of day earlier.
During the session trading took place in 381 companies where losers beat the gainers 231 to 128 while the value of 22 stocks remained intact. Unilever Food XD and Colgate Palmolive were the biggest losers of the day decreased by Rs 190 to Rs 4900 and Rs 97.50 to Rs 1852.50.
The up ward trend was led by Rafhan Maize and Bata (Pak) XD increased by Rs 175 to Rs 4375 and Rs 78.46 to Rs 2162.18.
In the top ten scrips, TRG Pakistan Limited was the top traded company of the day with 28.122 million shares as it closed at Rs 11.82 after opening at Rs 11.30. Lotte Chemical was on the second position with 11.008 million shares added Re 0.05 to Rs 7.59. It was followed by Wateen Telecom Limited with 10.366 million shares gained Re 0.35 to Rs 5.16, B.O Punjab SPOT with 8.965 million shares up by Re 0.42 to Rs 9.27 and Maple Leaf Cement with 6.479 million shares off by Re 0.61 to Rs 18.34.


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New Visual Artists 2007
Monograms, once used to identify clothing at Roman baths, are now mainly machine-rendered tokens of convention. But Phil Lubiner's hand-drawn monogrammed initials (left), for each of our New Visual Artists, have their own distinct personalities. They're a perfect introduction to the overwhelming diversity and talent on the following pages.
Judge for yourself: Kingston, Jamaica–born Simon Benjamin makes motion graphics inspired by Michel Gondry, and Bob Chen uses the cultural past of his native China to create a rich body of work; Cybu Richli's cerebral infographics contrast with Japan native Masayoshi Nakamura's artfully imperfect animations. The existential, high-concept illustrations from Milan-based Shout offer an elegant counterpoint to John Pobojewski's irreverent mix of biblical and pop culture references and Erik Adams's devout sensibility. Our U.S. artists have roots in locales stretching from New York, Connecticut, and North Carolina to California, Washington, and Hawaii.
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And yet—they're so young! It's hard to believe, but two of our winners were little children on the other side of the Iron Curtain in 1989. Thomas Porostocky left Czechoslovakia for Canada when he was 8; Helen Yentus was born in Moscow but landed in Brooklyn in time to start fourth grade. We're a little jealous, of course, but mostly, we're just proud, like a parent showing off a wallet full of pictures. We know we can't claim them forever, but we're keeping the bragging rights.


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A three-prong cultivator. This tool is great for breaking up the ground and keeping the soil loose. A cultivating tool can also be used to help control weeds in the more open areas although you need to be careful with such tools so you do not damage the extended roots of trees and plants in your garden.
A spring brace rake. The rakes will help you keep your landscaping areas free of debris and dead leaves. They can also be used to even out the ground areas around plants for a not uniform appeal visually.
By no means are these listed tools the only tools that will make your gardening experience easier and much more enjoyable. They are simply the most common and recommended tools you should have in your gardening and landscaping tool set. If you are on a budget, these tools are also very cost effective. And, most of these tools are very simple to use. With a little patience and time, you can have your landscaping looking as if a professional has been hard at work!
Answer: Hi Jack, the Palmetto variety has been around now for several years and overall has performed pretty well. However, its winter-hardiness has been questioned. The better option to go with would be Raleigh St. Augustine. It has a better track record for our area. Until next time…Happy Gardening!!


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Frankie Beverly Calls Beyoncé's "Before I Let Go" Cover "One of the High Points of My Life"
Bey's version appears as a bonus track on her Homecoming live album
Frankie Beverly and Beyoncé (Getty Images)
On Beyoncé's new live album Homecoming—the soundtrack to her Coachella 2018 concert film of the same name that's out now on Netflix—there's a bonus track where she covers Frankie Beverly's Maze single "Before I Let Go." (Her cover of the song has become its own challenge.) In a new interview with Billboard published today, Beverly opened up his feelings about Beyoncé's cover. "This is one of the high points of my life," he said.
Beverly called Beyoncé a friend of his and claimed he didn't know about her cover until a week or two ago. "She kept it quiet, until her people called me one day maybe a week or two ago," he said. "When they played it, that's when I heard the first draft of it, and I was blown away. It's a blessing." Read the full interview.
Read Pitchfork's reviews of the film and the album.
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How to Train Your Dragon: How to Ride a Dragon's Storm
by Cressida Cowell
Read the HILARIOUS books that inspired the HOW TO TRAIN YOUR DRAGON films!
Hiccup Horrendous Haddock the Third is a smallish Viking with a longish name. Hiccup's father is chief of the Hairy Hooligan tribe which means Hiccup is the Hope and the Heir to the Hairy Hooligan throne – but most of the time Hiccup feels like a very ordinary boy, finding it hard to be a Hero.
Trapped on The American Dream II with his friends Fishlegs and Camicazi, Hiccup must ESCAPE the barbarian Norbert the Nutjob, and somehow dodge the cruel Polar-serpents in the icy waters below.
If ONLY Hiccup hadn't promised to help the Wanderer slaves on board escape too! HOW will Hiccup save himself, his friends and a hundred and twenty-two Wanderers off a ship WITHOUT their terrifying captors noticing?
***Please note this ebook is TEXT ONLY and does not include the illustrations that appear in the printed book.***
READ ALL 12 BOOKS IN THE SERIES!
You don't have to read the books in order, but if you want to, this is the right order:
2. How to Be a Pirate
3. How to Speak Dragonese
4. How to Cheat a Dragon's Curse
5. How to Twist a Dragon's Tale
6. A Hero's Guide to Deadly Dragons
7. How to Ride a Dragon's Storm
8. How to Break a Dragon's Heart
9. How to Steal a Dragon's Sword
10. How to Seize a Dragon's Jewel
11. How to Betray a Dragon's Hero
12. How to Fight a Dragon's Fury
How to Train Your Dragon is now a major DreamWorks franchise starring Gerard Butler, Cate Blanchett and Jonah Hill and the TV series, Riders of Berk, can be seen on CBeebies and Cartoon Network.
On Sale: 29th June 2017
A hilarious and gripping adventure, beautifully paced and studded with great dramatic scenes
A funny and outrageous story that will appeal to even the most reluctant reader
Family Interest


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Discovering Critical Minerals with Donald Bubar
Avalon Advanced Materials Inc.
Minerals are the foundation of our planet. They form the Earth and the bedrock that we live on, making up all of Earth's rocks and sediments, and are equally important components of the soil. They help us develop new technologies used in our everyday lives. Our use of rocks and minerals includes building materials, cosmetics, cars, roads, appliances, and much more. The world's people rely on minerals. And, minerals, mineral production, and the study of new critical minerals are essential to maintaining our present and future lifestyles.
While the use and processing of minerals and metals goes back more than 4,000 years, and today critical minerals are a component of just about everything that supports modern living. Avalon Advanced Materials Inc., a Canadian mineral development company based out of Toronto, exists to discover new critical minerals resources used to create clean energy and new technologies.
Established in 1995 by President & CEO, Donald Bubar, Avalon is a leader in Canada working at establishing new critical minerals supply chains including lithium and rare earth minerals. Specializing in critical minerals with growing demand for new clean technologies, Avalon has five critical minerals projects across Canada.
Through innovative technologies and a sharp focus on sustainability, Avalon's objective is to create opportunities for investors, providing them with exposure to Lithium, Cesium, Tantalum, Feldspars, Tin, Indium, Zirconium and Rare Earth Elements. The company's current focus is its Separation Rapids Lithium Project near Kenora, Ontario, and its Lilypad Cesium-Tantalum-Lithium Project near Fort Hope, Ontario.
Sustainability is Key
"Avalon is a leader among junior companies in adopting best practices to reduce its environmental footprint, prevent water contamination and engage with local Indigenous communities," states Donald. Here, sustainability is a priority and a core value. Along with implementing risk and change management, Avalon also integrates its sustainability objectives into business planning, work activities, and assessments
A leader among junior miners in adopting best practices to reduce its environmental footprint, Avalon believes in creating a sustainable operational environment that will create value for its shareholders. Not only has this proven to reduce the risk for stakeholders but has also resulted in optimizing opportunities for individual and First Nation community prosperity.
Whether it means adopting leading industry standards for the management of health, safety, and the environment; transparently engaging with local communities and stakeholders; treating all stakeholders with respect, or creating a workplace where employees are valued, engaged, and encouraged to succeed, Avalon prides itself on its integrated upliftment efforts.
As a mineral development company focused on rare metals, Don feels it is always a strategic advantage to embrace the latest ESG principles as many end-users of critical minerals audit their supply chains to confirm they were produced sustainably. This has resulted in a better alignment with existing and potential customers, as well as customers who are in the business of creating clean and sustainable technologies for the modern world.
"Respect and collaboration are key values when engaging with Avalon's communities of interest."
The Motivated Geologist
With over 45 years of experience in mineral exploration and development in Canada, Donald Bubar is a revered Geologist in the Northern America region. He graduated from McGill University in 1977 and completed his master's at Queen's University in 1981. Thereafter, he worked for Aur Resources Inc. as Exploration Manager and later VP, Exploration, from 1984 to 1994.
Having been let go from his previous role, a steadfast and undeterred Don, decided to overcome adversity like a true leader. He shares, "I had been terminated by my previous employer in 1995, but having learned a lot about junior exploration companies, I decided to start my own junior exploration company then and soon became interested in lithium."
Today, Avalon has the most advanced lithium project in Ontario, having done all the exploration drilling over 20 years ago. It is also recognized as the first junior company to produce an annual Sustainability Report. In November 2022, Avalon published its 11th annual sustainability report in accordance with the GRI guidelines.
Mr. Bubar has served as a Director of the Prospectors and Developers Association of Canada (PDAC) for nine years and Chair of its Aboriginal Affairs Committee from its creation in December 2004 until retiring from the PDAC Board in March 2013. Throughout his career, Donald has been an advocate for increased Indigenous participation in the mineral industry, first through the PDAC and later through the NWT and Nunavut Chamber of Mines.
He also serves on the Advisory Board to the Faculty of Science of McGill University and the Board of Directors of PDAC's Mining Matters earth science education program. In March 2018, Donald was honored with the Prospectors and Developers Association of Canada (PDAC)'s Distinguished Service Award at the PDAC annual convention in 2019, for his work in Indigenous Engagement, including co-founding the Aboriginal Affairs committee.
For Donald, only genuine experience makes a resolute leader. Today, he spends all day in front of the computer screen at his office, answering emails and taking phone calls from investors, but he believes that the years he has spent as an exploration geologist, have contributed to his stature, position, and success.
Determined to stay ahead of the curve, Don is a regular at various conferences and seminars where he enjoys learning about the latest developments in the industry. He also enrolls himself in short courses from time to time to stay up-to-date with new trends. "Having all the right background experience in the business you are in, will inspire others to get involved and respect your leadership," he states.
Donald Bubar
Uplifting Communities and Saving the Environment
As a proactive environment upliftment measure, Donald helps monitor the environmental impact of all of Avalon's activities at its project sites and other corporate locations. The company engages in meaningful and transparent consultation with communities of interest, informs them of its project activities, and adapts its plans where appropriate.
Furthermore, before any project, the team performs multiple detailed environmental assessments, against which Don and his partners assess and manage potential environmental impacts and risks as well as utilize and evaluate future environmental performance. This has resulted in an increased focus on saving the environment while looking for critical minerals.
On November 22, 2016, Avalon received the Best Use of Renewables for Mine Exploration award at the Energy and Mines' Renewables in Mining Awards event, part of the World Congress of Energy and Mines conference. The award was given to Avalon "to recognize innovation and leadership in the use of renewables for mine exploration, prospecting or early mine development."
On a community front, the company prioritizes local hiring and procurement at each project location. Here, Don and his team educate the general public, and government agencies about the risks and opportunities associated with its projects as well as the necessity of critical materials for new technologies. "Respect and collaboration are key values when engaging with Avalon's communities of interest, which include (but are not limited to) Aboriginal and local communities, government, NGOs, employees, and suppliers," says Don.
Academic and Industrial Outreach
Avalon encourages innovation and the entrepreneurial spirit among students to create cutting-edge technologies that leverage critical minerals resources. An initiative that has always been close to Donald, in 2011, Avalon established the University Student Outreach Initiative program to champion the development and future availability of trained and experienced employees to explore for, finance, design, build and operate critical materials mines and facilities. He also continues to encourage further earth science education for young people by supporting PDAC's Mining Matters education program and serving on its Board of Directors.
By introducing rare metal-related subjects into course curricula, and identifying and mentoring an international network of research, development, and operational capabilities, Avalon has been able to connect with the next generation of geologists and mineral workers. Senior Avalon representatives often deliver lectures to undergraduate chemistry, metallurgy, mining, and geology students at the local universities. "Avalon has also sponsored students to participate in industry conferences, and provided relevant co-op terms and research initiatives," shares Don.
Additionally, Avalon has also played a leading role in collaboratively working with prospective rare earth producers, universities, commercial labs, consultants, and the Canadian Federal Government. The company helped launch the Canadian Critical Minerals and Materials Alliance (C2M2A), a non-profit, independent organization that endeavours to grow the Canadian economy through critical mineral supply chains. Under the C2M2A banner, Donald has broadened and strengthened Avalon's relationships in the global sector, gaining access to technical knowledge and solutions, while creating learning and employment opportunities for the public.
Future Prospects
Looking into the future, Donald and his company are poised to get its lithium project into production and take the lead in Ontario, in starting a new lithium battery materials supply chain in Canada. He believes that constant innovation and the adoption of new technologies will be the key driver to starting new supplies of non-traditional commodities such as lithium and rare earths.
Apart from establishing a lithium supply chain, Donald is also committed to expanding production into other critical minerals such as Cesium and Tantalum. He has already been responsible for discovering several new critical minerals resources along the way. "Hopefully, we can also show how closed mine sites must be seen now as opportunities to extract value from the wastes (critical minerals) and fully remediate the long-term environmental liability," he shares.
Don's advice to other aspiring leaders in the rare earth industry is that every geologist must first understand how the production of non-traditional commodities like lithium and rare earths is different compared to traditional mining of bulk exchange-traded commodities in that it is all about designing an appropriate process to produce the derivative product that will meet the requirements of the end-users, then scaling the operation based on product demand, not simply tons and grade! When this distinction is understood, one can successfully progress in the critical minerals market.


The Mutineer Magazine Launch Party hosted by Paso Creek saw a host of distilled spirits. Everything from Maker's Mark, Vicious Vodka, Obsello Absinthe, Chivas Regal and Tequila Comisario, graced the tables as guests made their way around the venue.
Premium caffeine infused Vicious Vodka kept everyone on his or her toes while providing the perfect spirit to mix with Red Bull and really take it up a notch.
Esmeralda Distillery sent its Obsello Absinthe from Spain. This was the first time many of the guests had tried the green fairy and I saw many return for a second and even third taste of this now legalized spirit.
Bringing its 12-year, 18-year and the big gun 25-year-old Scotch, Chivas Regal was one you had to get to early. The 25-year Scotch was a favorite and if you didn't make it by quick you missed out.
Tequila Comisario had its full line up of Blanco, Reposado and Anejo tequila. This ultra premium tequila is made with 100% pure blue agave from the Highlands of Jalisco, Mexico.
The Comisario tequila was awesome. I only tried one, but whichever one it was, it was amazingly smooth.
Vicious Vodka + Red Bull = Adrenaline, I think they called the drink? It was awesome, and both of them were very cool!
Pretty bummed out, I forgot to try the tequila!
The Chivas part is so true, I waited to long and missed out on the Chivas 25, Dooh.
I missed out on the Chivas 25 as well … their 18 was pretty damned good though and there was plenty of that flowing!
I can imagine the Chivas Regal and Obsello finished off quite quick. The two drinks are magical, especially Obsello and thank God it is now legalized. Both of the drinks may go extremely well with a Cuban cigar and if you like the combination you can check out http://www.gocubans.com/ to mix and match the combination with your favorite Cuban cigar.


I was so excited to schedule my appointment to a "cosmedispa" to get a facial a few weeks ago with my friend Michele. We tried to coordinate our schedules to go at the same time but since we bought in on a deal (a 1 hour facial for just $25) there were no back-to-back or same day appointments.
So, we booked our appointments according to the time that was best for us individually and set out to go. She had hers on Sunday and called me up squealing about the experience saying "It's not like Exhale (a spa we frequent) but I think you'll really like it. This may be my new spot!"
I was excited. Even though I knew that this facial was only $25 the thought of having a more convenient place to go (it's a straight line from the office) was encouraging. I arrived at my appointment eager and happy. The technician took the usual look at my skin, told me how "clogged" it was and began to steam my face. She put the steam so close to my face that I had to tell her to change it because I couldn't breathe! That was the first strike.
I have a great idea and I'd like for any of you to join in with me. I would like to do interviews this month with vegetarians in honor of National Vegetarian Month. Since I'm just at the inception of this idea I'll start with myself and try to upload a new interview every few days (hopefully we'll get some video and audio interviews too) . If you're a vegetarian and would like to participate, simply go to my website at http://rawpathways.com/contact.shtml and drop me a note.
For 23 years. I became a vegetarian at 16 yrs old.
I did a research report on Factory Farms and I couldn't believe how nutrition-void our food was. I found out a lot about hormones, the food-illness link and how pesticides and things like MSG were entering the scene. At the time I also happened to be working at McDonalds so I was familiar enough with the mass-production industry to know that it didn't encourage health.
My biggest obstacle in the beginning was finding fresh produce in my Chicago neighborhood. We didn't have any major supermarkets near me, and the small convenience stores in the neighborhood did not have produce unless it was in a can or box. It took me years to learn how to get nutrition onto my plate. For the first few years I considered my self a pasta-tarian.
Not really, I think the most frustrating thing for me was that I was so skinny. Surprisingly, once I became vegetarian I started to gain wait, but this could also have been puberty? I had the typical onset of pimples and stuff like that, but going vegetarian didn't really change that much. I hated my skin, but it wasn't until years later that I'd discover other stuff, like sugar and dairy, would clear it up.
Well, I've never had to be concerned with my weight, which is a good thing. The bigger change for me was cutting out sugar and dairy, because I had asthma and it kept getting worse until I gave up the dairy. That was major for me! I switched my dairy choices to soy choices and all of a sudden I could breathe again, and breathing is pretty important, ya know? Also, my nails and hair have always grown super-duper fast. I cut my hair less than two years ago to within 2 inches of my head and by March of this year it had all grown back past my shoulders. I'm pretty sure that had to do with nutrition. I guess another weird benefit is that when I'm working out or exerting myself I don't stink. In that way, you really are what you eat, so just like the breath will indicate to someone what you've had to eat, so will your pores.
Well, no day is really typical for me, because I eat according to many things such as the season, or my mood. Generally I'll have either fruit or a fruit smoothie for breakfast though I do sometimes treat myself to a muffin, especially on some Saturdays when I treat myself to my sugar free vegan chocolate chip muffins. All of my friends, rather meat eaters or veggies absolutely love them.
Lunch will always depend on how busy I've been the day before and rather I woke up in enough time to make my lunch. I eat a lot of raw foods so sometimes it'll be salad and sometimes it may be flax crackers and nut pates or even something much less healthy like the vegetarian burrito bowl from Chipotle. I'm human and not out to be the next guru or anything so I eat for myself and my health and not to live up to any of those "label standards" that are out there.
Dinner is the most volatile meal for me, because it really depends on how much food I've had earlier that day. Sometimes I've had enough during the day and am not hungry in the evening and at other times I'll eat something quick and easy. I don't spend much time on dinner unless it's on the weekends, so it's always something easy and lite.
Within all of that I also eat some snacks too. I don't snack every day, but I do eat sweet stuff (like the muffins I mentioned earlier). I keep my fridge stocked with fruit and nuts so that my snacks are healthy and at work I keep pecans and medjool dates for an "instant candy bar". It kills any cravings that I have without depleting my energy.
I'd like to get more creative and elaborate in the kitchen. There are a few recipes that I've been wanting to try but simply haven't made the time to do, such as raw taco shells and growing wheat grass. I'm hoping I'll carve out the time to make those things happen soon. I also endeavor to help everyone that I encounter to eat healthier... It's a dream, but when even one person responds positively by moving towards a healthier choice for their day, I am fulfilled. I'm cheesy like that, I really like people.
Last night Darren and I went to see the movie No Impact Man at the Angelika Theatre. Initially we had planned to go to see this movie next week with our Meetup Group, but yesterday found out that it was the last night so we dropped everything to catch it.
The movie is a simple story about a Manhattan family, Colin Beavan, his wife Michelle and their 2 year old child Isabelle, who decide to take a higher commitment than normal and "go extremely green" for a year. Slowly they start to eliminate things in their lives that cause harm to the environment such as television, chemical cleansers packed in plastic packaging, eating imported foods and all packaged foods and electricity. Being a vegan that consumes a high-raw diet, I could appreciate the foundation. They actually end up buying much of their food from the Union Square Farmer's Market, right by my office.
Overall the movie was enjoyable, though surprisingly I was only slightly inspired by it. I was expecting much more motivation and jolt towards practical green living decisions but the movie only scraped the surface. Mind you, when I say scraped the surface I don't mean in their decisions, but in their portrayal of them. We see the obvious external struggle, such as having no heat in the winter, but at no point do you actually connect with them emotionally. Perhaps it's me, but in a movie such as this, you expect an emotional connection... I doubt many of us would go a week living in extreme lack such as them and not have a breakdown or a few more AHA! moments. I'm sure there were some, it would be impossible not to have some, but they don't share that with the camera which leaves a gap in the communication. I do believe this was Colin's attempt to keep the story respectable without turning it into a reality tv style farce, but connection was surely needed. Why document a year of your life, to show people that we can make proactive steps to heal the world, without showing the internal struggle involved?


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Plan Your Visit to the National WWI Museum and Memorial
No. 5 Ranked Museum in the U.S. - Yelp
No. 1 Attraction in Kansas City - TripAdvisor
Hours and Admission Information
"This Museum and Memorial is a national treasure."
- Pulitzer Prize-winning biographer A. Scott Berg
Steeped in history, the National WWI Museum and Memorial is America's only museum dedicated to sharing the stories of the Great War through the eyes of those who lived it.
Interactive displays, thought-provoking films and eyewitness testimonies help guide visitors through one of the largest collections of WWI artifacts in the world.
From the first shots fired in 1914 to the last attempts at peace in 1919, this award-winning museum offers a global perspective of "The War to End All Wars," and includes firsthand accounts from the battlefield and home front alike.
Plan your visit to the National WWI Museum and Memorial today, and learn why the First World War wasn't the last.
"This museum is hands down the best museum I've ever visited."
- Review from TripAdvisor.com
https://my.theworldwar.org/donate/i/25
Help support this national treasure.


Hatrack River Writers Workshop Orson Scott Card's site, which includes lessons, articles and critique.
Hatrack Writers Forums Message forum for writers.
Critters Writers Workshops A critique site.
Preditors and Editors Check here before signing with any editors or agents!
http://www.jobhero.com/freelance-writing-guide/ "The Ultimate Freelance Writing Career Guide"