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Fisking "Junk Science" and "100 things you should know about DDT": A new project
Looking at the odd campaign against the reputation of Rachel Carson, conducted largely by a group of corporate-paid, political scalawags, one will eventually come across a site named JunkScience.com, which has as a motto, "All the junk that's fit to debunk."
One might be forgiven if one assumes that the site debunks junk science claims. But that does not appear to be it's aim at all. On this page, for example, "100 things you should know about DDT," the site perpetrates or perpetuates dozens of junk science claims against Rachel Carson, against public health, against government and against reason. The site promotes junk science, rather than debunking it!
For example, I had just read a chunk of history reminding me that our first Environmental Protection Agency Administrator, William Ruckelshaus, had been ordered by a federal court to review the pesticide certification for DDT, and had acted against DDT only after two different review panels recommended it be phased out, and states had already started bans of their own. At the time, in 1972, Ruckelshaus faced a heap of criticism for moving so slowly on the issue.
EPA history caption: Rachel Carson's Silent Spring led to banning DDT and other pesticides. [EPA iimage]
How is this action described at JunkScience.com?
You wouldn't quite recognize the events — and I doubt you could verify other oddities the JunkScience.com site claims:
17. Extensive hearings on DDT before an EPA administrative law judge occurred during 1971-1972. The EPA hearing examiner, Judge Edmund Sweeney, concluded that "DDT is not a carcinogenic hazard to man… DDT is not a mutagenic or teratogenic hazard to man… The use of DDT under the regulations involved here do not have a deleterious effect on freshwater fish, estuarine organisms, wild birds or other wildlife."
[Sweeney, EM. 1972. EPA Hearing Examiner's recommendations and findings concerning DDT hearings, April 25, 1972 (40 CFR 164.32, 113 pages). Summarized in Barrons (May 1, 1972) and Oregonian (April 26, 1972)]
18. Overruling the EPA hearing examiner, EPA administrator Ruckelshaus banned DDT in 1972. Ruckelshaus never attended a single hour of the seven months of EPA hearings on DDT. Ruckelshaus' aides reported he did not even read the transcript of the EPA hearings on DDT.
[Santa Ana Register, April 25, 1972]
19. After reversing the EPA hearing examiner's decision, Ruckelshaus refused to release materials upon which his ban was based. Ruckelshaus rebuffed USDA efforts to obtain those materials through the Freedom of Information Act, claiming that they were just "internal memos." Scientists were therefore prevented from refuting the false allegations in the Ruckelshaus' "Opinion and Order on DDT."
I propose to Fisk much of the list of 100 claims against Carson (which is really a list over 100 items now), in a serial, spasmodic fashion. I'll post my findings here, making them generally available to internet searches for information on Rachel Carson and DDT. Below the fold, I'll start, with these three specious claims listed above.
Here are some of the errors in that quoted section:
First, there is no mention that Ruckelshaus acted slowly, and no mention at all of the court's ordering EPA to make the review. The guys at JunkScience.com make it sound as if Ruchkelshaus acted alone, without any justification. (Ruckelshaus was an ethical giant who later refused Richard Nixon's order to fire prosecutors investigating crimes by the White House, remember — not a guy given to fits of illegal whimsy.) The JunkScience.com ignore the laws on the books at the time, and they completely ignore the evidence presented at the hearings.
Throughout the spring of 1972, Ruckelshaus reviewed the evidence EPA had collected during the agency's hearings on DDT cancellation and the reports prepared by two DDT study groups, the Hilton and Mrak Commissions. Both studies suggested that DDT be phased out due to the chemical's persistent presence in ecosystems and noted studies suggesting that DDT posed a carcinogenic risk to humans. In June, he followed the route already taken by several states he banned DDT application in the United States. Though unpopular among certain segments of EPA's constituency, his decision did serve to enhance the activist image he sought to create for the agency, and without prohibitive political cost.
Second, there is no reference to the history of government action on DDT — federal use had been winding down since at least 1958, because of decreasing effectiveness, and because of suspected damage to wildlife. Here's a rundown of federal actions to limit DDT use prior to the 1972 cancellation of pesticide registration; I'm cribbing here from the EPA history archives, "DDT Regulatory History: A brief survey (before 1975)":
Initial Federal Regulatory Actions
The Federal Government has not been oblivious to the hazards of DDT use as is indicated by various Government studies and actions undertaken since the late 50s.
In 1957, as a matter of policy, the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), prohibited the spraying of DDT in specified protective strips around aquatic areas on lands under its jurisdiction.
In 1958, after having applied approximately 9-1/2 million pounds of the chemical in its Federal-State control programs since 1945, USDA began to phase out its use of DDT. They reduced spraying of DDT from 4.9 million acres in 1957 to just over 100,000 acres in 1967 and used persistent pesticides thereafter only in the absence of effective alternatives. The major uses of DDT by the Forest Service have been against the gypsy moth and the spruce budworm. The development of alternative pesticides such as Zectran, which was in operation in 1966, contributed to further reduction in DDT use by the Department.
In 1964, the Secretary of the Interior issued a directive stating that the use of chlorinated hydrocarbons on Interior lands should be avoided unless no other substitutes were available. This regulatory measure, as well as others which followed, was reaffirmed and extended in June 1970, when the Secretary issued an order banning use of 16 types of pesticides, including DDT, on any lands or in any programs managed by the Department's bureaus and agencies.
Between November 1967 and April 1969, USDA canceled DDT registrations for use against house flies and roaches, on foliage of more than 17 crops, in milk rooms, and on cabbage and lettuce.
In August 1969, DDT usage was sharply reduced in certain areas of USDA's cooperative Federal-State pest control programs following a review of these programs in relation to environmental contamination.
In November 1969, USDA initiated action to cancel all DDT registrations for use against pests of shade trees, aquatic areas, the house and garden and tobacco. USDA further announced its intention to discontinue all uses nonessential to human health and for which there were safe and effective substitutes.
In August 1970, in another major action, USDA canceled Federal registrations of DDT products used as follows: (1) on 50 food crops, beef cattle, goats, sheep, swine, seasoned lumber, finished wood products and buildings; (2) around commercial, institutional, and industrial establishments including all nonfood areas in food processing plants and restaurants, and (3) on flowers and ornamental turf areas.
EPA Regulatory Actions
On December 2, 1970, major responsibility for Federal regulation of pesticides was transferred to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
In January 1971, under a court order following a suit by the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF), EPA issued notices of intent to cancel all remaining Federal registrations of products containing DDT. The principal crops affected by this action were cotton, citrus, and certain vegetables.
In March 1971, EPA issued cancellation notices for all registrations of products containing TDE, a DDT metabolite. The EPA Administrator further announced that no suspension of the registration of DDT products was warranted because evidence of imminent hazard to the public welfare was lacking. (Suspension, in contrast to cancellation, is the more severe action taken against pesticide products under the law.) Because of the decision not to suspend, companies were able to continue marketing their products in interstate commerce pending the final resolution of the administrative cancellation process. After reconsideration of the March order, in light of a scientific advisory committee report, the Administrator later reaffirmed his refusal to suspend the DDT registrations. The report was requested by Montrose Chemical Corporation, sole remaining manufacturer of the basic DDT chemical.
In August 1971, upon the request of 31 DDT formulators, a hearing began on the cancellation of all remaining Federally registered uses of products containing DDT. When the hearing ended in March 1972, the transcripts of 9,312 pages contained testimony from 125 expert witnesses and over 300 documents. The principal parties to the hearings were various formulators of DDT products, USDA, the EDF, and EPA.
On June 14, 1972, the EPA Administrator announced the final cancellation of all remaining crop uses of DDT in the U.S. effective December 31, 1972. The order did not affect public health and quarantine uses, or exports of DDT. The Administrator based his decision on findings of persistence, transport, biomagnification, toxicological effects and on the absence of benefits of DDT in relation to the availability of effective and less environmentally harmful substitutes. The effective date of the prohibition was delayed for six months in order to permit an orderly transition to substitute pesticides. In conjunction with this transition, EPA and USDA jointly developed "Project Safeguard," a program of education in the use of highly toxic organophosphate substitutes for DDT.
Immediately following the DDT prohibition by EPA, the pesticides industry and EDF filed appeals contesting the June order with several U.S. courts. Industry filed suit to nullify the EPA ruling while EDF sought to extend the prohibition to those few uses not covered by the order. The appeals were consolidated in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia. On December 13, 1973, the Court ruled that there was "substantial evidence" in the record to support the EPA Administrator's ban on DDT.
[End of quote from EPA history]
So, with this history, how likely do you think it would be that the EPA Administrative Law Judge would recommend continued registration of DDT for indiscriminate use? I have not tracked down anything quoting Judge Sweeney directly, but I wager that his words have been tampered with by the JunkScience.com guys, or someone they cribbed the quote from. Sweeney's words as cited are perfectly in line with Ruckelshaus's bans on broad use, reserving the possibility of limited use in certain situations. So it's likely that Ruckelshaus didn't override Sweeney, but instead implemented Sweeney's recommendations.
It's probably worth noting that one of the citations offered by JunkScience.com doesn't support their claims in any way. For the EPA hearings conducted by Sweeney, JunkScience.com cites the Code of Federal Regulations: "40 CFR 164.32." That section of the Code is the rules for administrative law hearings, and has nothing specific to DDT or the 1972 hearings. You can Google it, or go here to see:
PART 164—RULES OF PRACTICE GOVERNING HEARINGS, UNDER THE FEDERAL INSECTICIDE, FUNGICIDE, AND RODENTICIDE ACT, ARISING FROM REFUSALS TO REGISTER, CANCELLATIONS OF REGISTRATIONS, CHANGES OF CLASSIFICATIONS, SUSPENSIONS OF REGISTRATIONS AND OTHER HEARINGS CALLED PURSUANT TO SECTION 6 OF THE ACT
It's also worth noting that this exact same, erroneous citation occurs in material from the "American Council on Science and Health," a pro-industry, anti-environmental political group. In fact, the citation occurs exactly that way, errors and all, in more than two dozen documents I found on the internet. None of the documents offers any citation that gets close to any hearing record from the EPA or any other agency. Such a citation, wrong, and repeated exactly wrong in many documents, is a hallmark of internet hoaxes, voodoo and bogus science, and voodoo and bogus history. The footnotes look authoritative, and to anyone who doesn't pay close attention to them, they convey "truthiness" with a citation of such specificity. But on close inspection, they go nowhere.
That hoax hallmark, coupled with the contrary information from EPA, suggests strongly that this campaign against Rachel Carson is hoaxed in part. That this same miscitation syndrome affects much of the case against Carson suggests the entire campaign is hoaxed up.
I suspect that Judge Sweeney's ruling is misrepresented by JunkScience.com. The history books show that EPA's evaluators recommended against continued DDT use, that its use be phased out. That's contrary to what JunkScience.com claims.
Why would JunkScience.com misrepresent this episode, suggesting that Sweeney said the opposite of what he probably said? I don't know.
Third, JunkScience.com suggests that Ruckelshaus did not attend the hearings before the administrative law judge, as if he should have. Under usual procedures, the final agency decision maker should NOT attend such hearings, so as not to skew the decision process. It would be as if Supreme Court justices were invited to attend trials on issues they would later get on appeal. Ruckelshaus did exactly what he should have done, and the suggestion from JunkScience.com is completely bizarre, suggesting a complete absence of familiarity with U.S. administrative law and procedures.
Fourth, Ruckelshaus's decision was litigated, and the federal courts agreed he did the right thing. I have no idea what these guys are trying to suggest with the bizarre, and probably incorrect claim that the U.S. Department of Agriculture filed a Freedom of Information Act request to get information from Ruckelshaus. First, FOIA does not give USDA any right to file such a claim. Second, the decision was in litigation by 1973, so any scientific opposition to the decision would have had ample opportunity for a full hearing (chemical manufacturers sued EPA on the decision; EPA won). Why USDA would want the information not available in the public record is unclear, and probably wrong; since USDA had begun phasing out DDT by 1958, it's unclear what their interests were; since the EPA decision reserved the use of DDT for emergencies in agricultural cases, several of which waivers for use Ruckelshaus himself granted, just what would be at stake is completely fogged out.
It smacks of more hoax.
My guess is that 80% of the "facts" cited in the JunkScience.com list have material errors in them, are flat out wrong, or wrong in their premises. It's a misleading list, designed to push people to false conclusions, that DDT is not used today and that DDT is not harmful, that there is a dark conspiracy to prevent DDT from being used to save human lives — each point of which is wrong. DDT is used today to fight insect-borne disease; DDT is toxic and carcinogenic; where necessary for human protection, DDT is licensed and used.
Three out of 108 points. It's a start.
What motivates such intense hatred of Rachel Carson? She was a nice woman, a smart and poetic writer, and a damned good scientist. What is the real agenda of the campaign against her?
Update: The second post in this series of Fisks is here.
Don't let the false stories spread; share the facts with your friends and the world:
Spread the word; friends don't allow friends to repeat history.
This entry was posted on Wednesday, June 27th, 2007 at 4:27 pm and is filed under Accuracy, Bogus history, Cost of Green, DDT, History, Hoaxes, Natural history, Politics, Rachel Carson, Science, Voodoo history, Voodoo science, War on Science.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
17 Responses to Fisking "Junk Science" and "100 things you should know about DDT": A new project
Ed Darrell says:
Higley, Carson did no cherry picking. The courts litigated that claim, and found it completely without merit.
In fact, no piece of science Carson cited has ever been challenged by later studies. In contrast, by 2007, more than 1,000 peer review studies supporting Carson's claims for damage to birds had been completed, some finding entirely new paths for killing them.
By law, EPA is a scientific entity. Had the ban on DDT been done on lousy science, later science would have required the ban be overturned, on law that existed then and has since been strengthened. At the request of the DDT manufacturers, courts looked at your claims of cherry picking, and found instead that EPA has a broad and deep foundation of scientific information to ban DDT use on crops.
Do not pretend to talk about what EPA does when you're spreading smoke screen.
Does EPA act "worse" than when Ruckelshaus, a great man, headed the agency? They don't seem to be nearly as political, and they don't appear to fight death-dealing pollution as much as then . . . is that what you mean?
higley7 says:
The EPA we know today behaves the same or worse than Ruckelshaus's EPA described by JunkScience.com. We also know that Carson cherry-picked her data just as Al Gore does. Do not pretend that the EPA is not a political entity and behaves only in terms of environmental health. Far from it.
DDT and Attacks on Rachel Carson: The CliffsNote Version « Bug Girl's Blog says:
[…] has undertaken the daunting project of examining all the claims point by point made at […]
Monckton lies again (and again and again and again . . .)! The continuing saga of a practicer of fiction « Millard Fillmore's Bathtub says:
[…] one of those charges that is self-refuting in the hands of DDT advocates and anti-science people. You don't have to go far to find claims that EPA acted contrary to an extensive hearing record that took months to compose. But then they turn around and claim, as Monckton does here, that […]
Ospreys return to Lower Michigan! « Bug Girl's Blog says:
Peregrine falcons — '100 things about DDT #77′ « Millard Fillmore's Bathtub says:
[…] Fisking "Junk Science" and "100 things you should know about DDT": A new pro… Possibly related posts: (automatically generated)'Twas DDT nearly killed the beastFisking "Junk Science's" campaign against DDT: Point #8Gresham's Law: DDT disinformation crowds out facts […]
More Links on Rachel Carson and DDT [Deltoid] · New York Articles says:
[…] Ed Darrell has been checking the accuracy of Steve Milloy's "100 things you should know about DDT". So far, Milloy's score is 0 out of 3. […]
More Links on Rachel Carson and DDT [Deltoid] · Articles says:
Somebody said that CEI and other standard propaganda houses have recently been mobilized to f*ck with the WHO, because it's looking into working to reduce tobacco consumption internationally.
Milloy has been a professional junk scientist for 20 years or more (Wikipedia).
More Links on Rachel Carson and DDT [Deltoid] | Cole Blog Network dot com says:
But, Mark's site, denialism, has some good shorthand arguments to point up the errors of hoaxsters like Milloy.
This really is serious business. We need a shotgun answer to a shotgun style campaign, especially one that is being run by veteran hoaxsters and junk science promoters who have a three- or four-year headstart on us, with their spreading of disinformation.
Gsnorgathon says:
Ed's right on the money. There needs to be good evidence on the web that the denialists are denialists, and to do that you've got to say "these people are lying and here's the evidence." You go, Ed!
And, Mark, how did I miss that Milloy is the hoaxster behind the "CFL's will poison you and cost you a fortune" lightbulb hoax? (P.Z. has the goods, here: http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2007/05/compact_fluorescent_lights_are.php)
I'm wondering now if Milloy was in the employ of the tobacco companies when I was deep in the anti-smoking for health reasons fight. What hoax is this guy NOT behind?
Your advice on devoting time is good — but I want to be sure there are solid rebuttals available.
MarkH says:
Oh, Milloy is an old hand at distributing junk science in the name of opposing it. He even was pushed out of Cato after they figured out he was on a tobacco company payroll while denying the adverse health effects of tobacco.
He's a crank, and a liar. I actually wouldn't bother devoting too much time to individual takedowns. Most of his stuff should be easily dismissed using the denialism standards.
Only 105 more to go!
Bug Girl says:
This is awesome, Ed. Thanks!!!!
mon@rch says:
I don't understand what is going on against Rachel Carson? Never heard of this site and will go check it out! I just have that "what?" thought in my head!
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You are here in history:


THE STORY: Susan lives entirely for Susan. She is bored by her husband, Barre, and stays away from him, complaining that he drinks too much (which he does because of her distance). She also keeps her daughter, Blossom, at arms length, sending her to boarding school. Yet husband and daughter adore Susan and are wretched without her. When Susan discovers a new religious cult, she is as excited as she always is about her latest fad. So she goes straight to a house in the country where she knows she will find her closest friends. While Susan expounds on her new found views to these friends, Barre arrives, just intoxicated enough to believe Susan means what she says about "salvation and regeneration," and sincerely asks her to help him. Susan isn't expecting to be called upon to actually practice what she preaches. But Barrie promises that if she will keep him and Blossom with her for the summer, he will stop drinking—and if he slips he will give Susan the divorce she wants. She is astounded, but reluctantly consents. She begins her hard job resentfully, but to her astonishment finds she likes it, as the lonely daughter develops into a happy girl, and Barrie becomes his former best self. She finds that her own happiness is connected to theirs, and that she has found her God through this. Under this rippling and vivacious comedy lies a deep spiritual intent.


Manhattan Associates named a Top Workplace for the seventh consecutive year.
Leading Chinese pharmaceutical company to dramatically increase production and fulfillment by leveraging the industry's most advanced warehouse management system.
View Manhattan Associates' earnings for Q4 2018.
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text:
I can evaluate the extent to which the nineteenth century belief in "Manifest Destiny" led to the growing sectional conflict in the United States.
Critical Vocabulary: Manifest Destiny, John O'Sullivan, President James K. Polk, Oregon Territory, Treaty of 1818, Oregon Trail, Oregon Treaty of 1846, Stephen F. Austin, Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, Texas Revolution, Battle of the Alamo, Goliad Campaign, General Sam Houston, Battle of San Jacinto, Election of 1844, James K. Polk, John Slidell, John C. Frémont, General Zachary Taylor, Mexican American War, "Spot Resolutions," "Civil Disobedience," Battle of Buena Vista, "Bear Flag Revolt," General Winfield Scott, Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, Wilmot Proviso, "Popular Sovereignty," Lewis Cass
Background Question: Create a Trading Card for James K. Polk.
Citizenship Question: The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words?
A. We the United
B. We the People
C. We the Citizens
D. We the Americans
Individual Learning: Western Expansion Map
Guided Instruction: Manifest Destiny
Individual Learning: Oregon Trail Game
Reflection Question: Why did so many people move West during the 1840s?
Homework: Manifest Destiny Reading
April 20: Prom
April 28: AP Saturday
May 3: No School
May 9: On Demand Test
May 13: Science Test
May 21: No School
May 27: No School
May 30: Last Day

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Säkkijärven polkka (finlandese: "La polka di Säkkijärvi") è una canzone popolare finlandese, resa famosa da Viljo Vesterinen. La melodia è stata registrata per la prima volta a Säkkijärvi, l'attuale Kondratyevo nell'Oblast' di Leningrado, allora appartenente alla Finlandia.

Uso militare
Durante la guerra di continuazione, l'esercito finlandese scoprì che i sovietici avevano disseminato delle mine controllate via radio nella città di Viipuri. Il sistema di detonazione delle mine era costituito da molle circondate da anelli di metallo e la detonazione si innescava quando le molle toccavano gli anelli. Poiché le molle iniziavano a vibrare a frequenze audio precise, si notò che questa canzone risultava efficace nel far risuonare tali frequenze, applicando così il jamming.

Questo sistema di rilevazione delle mine venne iniziato il 3 settembre 1941 e Säkkijärven polkka risuonò ininterrottamente a Viipuri sino alla primavera dell'anno successivo, permettendo il ritrovamento di una decina di mine.

Note

Collegamenti esterni

Canzoni popolari finlandesi
Guerra elettronica
Canzoni popolari del XX secolo
Guerra di continuazione

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Category: Generation X
The Most Magical Time of Year
It's said that the holidays are the Most Magical Time of the Year.
My horoscope had foretold that there would be peace among everyone gathering at the table this season.
For Christmas I was given a gift card. I figured out how to use it on the internet to buy rainbow moonstone stud earrings.
As 2023 nears I'm grateful to end this year with renewed gratefulness for my good fortune.
I urge readers to live with gratitude. Even for the inevitable trials we all face I say: be grateful for the hard times as well as the beauties.
2023 I envision as the Year of Reflection. The time to examine where we want to go and what we want to do.
My New Year's Resolution is to buy a skateboard. To practice rolling on the asphalt roadway in the park. At 13 years old I had a red skateboard. Rolling down the hilly streets where I lived gave me joy.
Not doing an ollie or other explosive move I simply loved rolling along.
Remembering this short-lived hobby I got the idea to buy a skateboard. Why can't a 57-year old woman skate? is what I thought.
A Generation X girl living in her Third Chapter I'm on a kick of self-reinvention. My motto is risk, fail, rise up, repeat.
What gave us joy when we were younger should not be ruled out as a hobby in the 25 years after 50.
Too often we become adults and abandon the happy-makers because we think we should do what everyone else tells us we're supposed to do to be successful and be accepted.
No–I was miserable living in the mainstream in the years I thought I should try to have a normal life.
Decades later realizing that the only way I would be happy was to live my life Left of the Dial.
In this last week of 2022 I urge readers to join me in renouncing the tried-and-often-(not)-true approaches to living our lives.
For my birthday I'm going to buy a skateboard. Watch YouTube videos on beginner skateboarding techniques.
Watch out as this Skate Girl rolls in the park in the spring.
I hope my blogging gives you the courage to try something new (or return to something that gave you joy).
This really is the Most Magical Time of the Year when we're getting ready for 2023 and the possibilities that beckon.
Risk, fail, rise up, repeat. If you ask me that's the only way to live going forward.
Christina Bruni Generation X, The Third Chapter Leave a comment December 26, 2022 December 26, 2022 2 Minutes


Boat trip on the Mississippi Paddle Boat from Horning along the River Bure and Ranworth Broad, (including commentary).
A scenic Steam Train journey from Birmingham to Stratford-upon-Avon, with free time in Stratford.
Moving onto Bridlington for the afternoon.
Including spectacular train journey from Pickering to Whitby.


1997-05-29 Assigned to VENETEC INTERNATIONAL, INC. reassignment VENETEC INTERNATIONAL, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BIERMAN, STEVEN F.
2007-01-29 First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=25345006&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=US6213979(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset" by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
On aspect of the present invention thus involves an anchoring system for securing a medical line to the body of a patient. The system comprises a retainer including a base that defines a receiving area for receiving a portion of the medical line. A cover is permanently coupled to the base. The cover is movable between a closed position, in which at least a portion of the cover extends over at least a portion of the receiving area, and an open position, in which the receiving area is at least partially open. A latching mechanism operates between the base and the cover to releasably latch the cover to the base with the cover in the closed position. Interacting structure is located generally beneath the cover with the cover in the closed position. The interacting structure is adapted to limit movement of the medical line through to the retainer when the catheter is placed within the receiving area.
In accordance with an additional aspect of the present invention, an anchoring system for securing a medical line to the body of a patient is provided. The anchoring system comprises an adaptor having an adaptor body with a longitudinal axis defined between first and second ends. A first connector is located at the first end of the adaptor for connection to a first medical line, and a second connector is located at the second end for connection to a second medical line. A retainer includes a base and a cover permanently coupled to the base. The cover is movable between an open position and a closed position. A latching mechanism releasably latches the cover to the base in the closed position. And a channel ia arranged to lie between the base and the cover in the closed position. The channel is shaped to retain the adaptor between the cover and the base with the cover in the closed position to inhibit movement of the adapter in a direction generally parallel to the adapter's longitudinal axis. An adhesive layer is attached to the retainer and is adapted to adhesively secure the retainer to the body of a patient.
An upper surface of the foam layer is roughened by corona-treating the foam with a low electric charge. The roughened or porous upper surface of the anchor pad 16 improves the quality of the adhesive joint formed by the cyanoacrylate (or by another type of adhesive or bonding material) between the base 14 to the anchor pad 16. In the alternative, the flexible anchor pad 16 can comprise a medical-grade adhesive bottom layer, an inner cellulose foam layer and an upper paper or other woven or nonwoven cloth layer.
In the illustrated embodiment, a portion of the interacting structure on the base 14 comprises at least one post 20 which extends upwardly from a relatively rigid platform 21. The base 14 desirably includes a pair of posts 20. The base can also include additional posts to suit a specific application. For example, where the retainer is designed to secure a relatively large fitting, the base can include four posts arranged at the comers of a rectangle, for greater stability. And, three posts can be used to firmly anchor a Y-site fitting.
The cover 22 comprises an elongate member which can be formed of the same polymer or plastic material as the base 14, and desirably is integrally molded with the base 14. The cover 22 desirably has a shape that is generally coextensive with the platform 21 of the base 14. The cover 22 can be smaller; however, the cover should have a length in the lateral direction at least large enough to extend over the space between the posts 20 and a width in the longitudinal direction that is wider than the posts 20. The width of the cover 22 desirably is sufficient to stabilize a section of the catheter 15 within the retainer 10. In particular, the width of the cover 22 preferably generally matches the longitudinal length of the fitting 11. The comers of the cover are also desirably rounded to avoid snagging on materials such as the latex gloves worn by the health care provider, bed sheets, etc. In the illustrated embodiment, the cover 22 generally has an elliptical shape for this purpose.
Each opening 32 shown in FIGS. 1-3 is defined by a central hole 34 with at least one slot 36 extending to one side, desirably laterally adjacent to and intersecting with the central hole 34 at a narrow waist opening 37. The central hole 34 is sized and shaped to accommodate the largest diameter of the post head 26. The illustrated slot 36 extends in the lateral direction from the central hole 34 with the lateral axis of the slot 36 being substantially collinear with a center line of the cover 22 extending in the lateral direction. It will be understood that the slots 36 on the cover 22 can extend from the central hole 34 in any direction, though both slots 36 desirably extend in the same general direction. In other arrangements, more than one slot can extend from each central hole.
As best seen from the plan view of FIG. 1B, the cover 22 desirably includes a post retention mechanism to inhibit unintentional retraction of a post 20 from the slot 36. In the embodiment of FIGS. 2-3, the retention mechanism includes a lip 38 of cover material that forms a depression 40 (FIG. 3). The depression 40 is sized slightly smaller than the lower surface 30 of the post head 26. The retention mechanism of the illustrated slotted hole 36 further comprises the waist opening 37 (FIG. 18), which has a slightly smaller diameter than the shaft 25. The longitudinal dimension of the slot 36 widens to slightly larger than the diameter of the shaft 25 between the lip 38 of the cover 22. While not illustrated, the retention mechanism can also be formed by arranging the slots at a slight deviation from parallel to one another to increase the friction between the cover 22 and the posts 20.
As mentioned above, the base 14, leash 24 and cover 22 desirably are integrally formed to make a unitary retainer 10. This can be accomplished in any of a variety of ways well known to one of skill in the art. For instance, the entire retainer can be injection molded, in order to reduce fabrication costs. Additionally, features such as the leash 24 are desirably flexible. Suitable plastics which account for these considerations include polypropylene, polyethylene, and the like. Desirably, the illustrated retainer 10 comprises injection molded polyethylene or polypropylene.
The anchoring system 8 can also include the fitting 11 for mounting a medical line (e.g., catheter) to the retainer 10. In the exemplary application illustrated in FIGS. 1-3, the fitting 11 takes the form of the box clamp 12 and the soft wing clamp 13. Mounting of the fitting 11 (or catheter directly) to the retainer 10 is achieved by way of the interacting structures, a portion of which comprises surfaces or structures of the retainer 10 and another portion of which comprises surfaces or structures of the fitting 11 (or catheter, if directly coupled).
The box clamp 12, best seen from the view of FIG. 1, is a relatively small, rigid wing-shaped device having a configuration similar to that of conventional box clamps in common usage today in suturing attachment systems. The box clamp 12 includes a central elongate body 60 having a longitudinal groove 62 formed on the underside and a box-shaped upper surface 64. The longitudinal groove 62 is generally U-shaped and is sized to receive the body of a catheter and/or associated fluid line, and more desirably is sized to receive the wing clamp 13. At least one end, and preferably at both ends of the longitudinal groove 62, the body 60 of the box clamp 12 narrows the opening of the longitudinal groove 62. That is, the longitudinal groove 62 at either end extends through an arc which is greater than 180° about an axis of the longitudinal groove 62. The groove also can have a uniform cross section along its length so that the wall of the entire groove extends through an arc greater than 180°. The box clamp 12 desirably is formed of a relatively rigid material, such as polycarbonate.
The illustrated box clamp 12 and soft wing clamp 13 are commercially available from Arrow® for use with its CVC. Other clamps with suture wing extensions are currently in commercial use with Quinton® Hemodialysis catheters, Cook® PICC's, Baxter® CVCs and B. Braun CVCs. The skilled artisan will find application for the present invention with any of these and many other clamp configurations. As will be clear from a discussion of the embodiment of FIGS. 10-12, the fitting 11 (box clamp/soft wing clamp combination) can also be replaced with an inter-line connector or adaptor, such as those used to connect the catheter to a supply, delivery or drainage line.
A retainer 10 a in accordance with another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 4A to 5, with FIG. 4A showing a completely open position of the retainer 10 a and FIG. 5 showing the partially closed position, similar to FIGS. 1-2 above. Though not illustrated, this retainer 10 a also desirably includes a flexible anchor pad, as illustrated in FIG. 1, for adhesive attachment to the body of a patient. Only the cover 22 a of this embodiment differs from the above-described embodiment. Accordingly, the above description applies equally to the embodiment of FIGS. 4-5, unless otherwise indicated. In addition, like reference numerals are used to indicate like features of the two embodiments, with the letter "a" added as a suffix to refer to features of the present embodiment.
The slots 80 advantageously extend obliquely from the outer edge 82 of the cover 22 a to the slot terminus 84, such that one side of each slot 80 defines an obtuse angle α (FIG. 4B) with the outer edge 82 from which the slot extends, as shown in FIG. 4B. The termini 84 of the slots 80 desirably are centered on or close to a lateral line that bisects the cover 22 a into longitudinal halves. Thus, the length of each slot 80 depends upon the obtuse angle cc between the outer edge 82 and the slot 80. The angle cc should be small enough and the slot 80 short enough that the structural integrity of the cover 22 a is not compromised. While illustrated as parallel, the slots 80 can also be arranged at a slight angle to one another. The width of each slot 80 desirably is slightly larger than the diameter of the post shaft 25 a, and smaller than the largest dimension of the post head 26 a.
As best seen from the plan view of FIG. 4B, the opening 32 a desirably includes a retention mechanism, such as to inhibit retraction of the post 20 a from the slot 80. As visible from the views of FIGS. 4B and 5, each slot 80 is partially defined at the terminus 84 by a lip 38 a of cover material, forming a depression 40 a in the cover 22 a, similar to the lip 38 and depression 40 shown in FIGS. 1-3. The depression 40 a is sized slightly smaller than the lower surface 30 a of the post head 26 a.
While not illustrated in FIGS. 4A to 5, a catheter fitting can first be mounted to the retainer 10 a prior to latching. For example, the fitting 11 a illustrated in FIGS. 1-3 can be first secured to the retainer. For such a case, the posts 20 a serve as a portion of an interacting structure and the holes 67 a, 77 a of the fitting 11 a serve as another portion of the interacting structure. The interacting structure thus mounts the fitting to the retainer to inhibit at least one degree of movement of the fitting relative to the retainer. Alternatively, a portion of the interacting structure can directly mount a catheter, without the intermediate fitting.
FIGS. 6-9 illustrate a retainer 10 b in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. The retainer 10 b is shown in an open position in FIG. 6 and in a fully closed and latched position in FIG. 7. Other components of the anchoring system 8 b (e.g., anchor pad, catheter adapter) can be the same as described above with respect to FIGS. 1-3. Accordingly, the above description applies equally to the embodiment of FIGS. 6-9, unless otherwise indicated. In addition, like reference numerals are used to indicate like features among the embodiments, with the letter "b" added as a suffix to refer to features of the present embodiment.
The flexible hinge 24 b of this embodiment comprises a relatively rigid support arm 92 that is integrally joined to the platform 21 b at a base end 94. As shown in FIG. 6, the support arm 92 extends upwardly from the base end 94 to join with the cover 22 b at a thin bridge 96 of cover material. The bridge 96 is formed along a common exterior surface 98 (see FIG. 7) of the cover 22 b and the support arm 92. The bridge 96 is defined along the apex of a notch 100 in the material that forms the cover 22 b and support arm 92. The notch 100 can be thought of as the structure formed by a bevelled edge sloping away from an interior surface 102 of the cover 22 b, conjoined at the bridge 96 with a bevelled edge sloping away from an inside surface 104 of the support arm 92. The hinge 24 b flexibly connecting the base 14 b to the cover 22 b thus comprises the support arm 92, the bridge 96, and the surfaces forming the notch 100. In other arrangements, however, the hinge of an embodiment resembling that of FIGS. 6-9 can comprise a structure similar to a conventional hinge pin-bracket arrangement.
The flexibility of the hinge 24 b also depends in part upon the angle formed by surfaces of the notch 100 when the retainer 10 b is in the open position shown in FIG. 6. Desirably, the notch 100 defines an angle of at least about 90°, and particularly about 115°. Such an arrangement allows the cover 22 b to lie parallel to the platform 21 b when the retainer 10 b is in the closed position shown in FIG. 7. It will be understood, however, that in other arrangements the closed cover need not lie parallel to the platform 14 b (and may take a curvilinear path as described below).
As seen in FIG. 7A, the latching mechanism 110 b of the illustrated retainer 10 b comprising a fastening pin 112 and a latch having a receptacle 114. The receptacle 114 is configured to receive the fastening pin 112. As shown in FIGS. 6-9, the illustrated fastening pin 112 is integrally connected to the cover 22 b and the receptacle 114 is integrally connected to the base 14 b. It will be understood, however, that the pin can instead be positioned on the base, while the receptacle is positioned on the cover.
The receptacle 114 of the latch 110 b comprises a pair of opposing tangs 122 that extend to a stem 124 connected to the base 14 b (or cover 22 b, depending on the position of this element of the latch). Each tang 122 extends outwardly to a lug 126 that can be depressed by finger pressure. Desirably, each tang 122 includes an inner bevelled surface 127. These bevelled surfaces define an aperture 128 therebetween which tapers from a wider dimension at the top to a narrower dimension at the bottom, where it communicates with a slot 130 located between the opposing stems 124. Each tang defines a downward facing shoulder that cooperates with one of the shoulders of the fastening pin barb 118, as described below.
In operation, a fitting, such as the fitting 11 of FIGS. 1-3, can be first engaged with the posts 20 b while the retainer 10 b is open (see FIG. 6). Accordingly, the posts 20 b of the illustrated embodiment form a portion of the interacting structure for inhibiting movement of a medical line fitting relative to the retainer 10 b.
The fastening pin 112 can be inserted into the receptacle 114 by positioning the pin 112 into the aperture 128 and pressing on the cover 22 b. The sloped surfaces 121 of the fastening pin 112 slide over the bevelled inner surfaces 127 of the tangs 122. The interaction of these sloped and bevelled surfaces tends to distend the tangs 122 slightly, thereby allowing the barb 118 to enter the slot 130. The tangs 122 then snap back into their original position and engage with the barb 118 of the pin 112 with the corresponding shoulders abutting, thereby releasably securing the cover 22 b to the base 14 b. FIG. 8 illustrates the closed latch 110 b.
When the latch 110 b is closed, as shown in FIG. 7, the inner surface 102 of the cover 22 b sits atop the tip 90 of the posts 20 b, since the posts of the illustrated retainer 10 b have the same height as the support arm 92. It will be understood that, in arrangements where the posts are attached to the cover, the tips would abut the base when the cover is in the closed position and latched. Where such contact takes place, a fitting secured between the cover 22 b and the base 14 b could not slip off the posts 20 b when the retainer 10 b is closed and latched. Furthermore, the posts 20 b provide added support for the cover 22 b in the closed position to prevent overextension of the hinge 24 b.
FIGS. 10-12 illustrate an anchoring system 8 c in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. Like the anchoring systems described above, the illustrated embodiment includes a retainer 10 c, a fitting or adaptor 11 c and an anchor pad 16 c. The anchor pad 16 c desirably is similar to the anchor pad 16 described with respect to FIG. 1. The retainer 10 c and the fitting 11 c differ somewhat from the above-described embodiments, though certain features are the same. Accordingly, the above description applies equally to the embodiment of FIGS. 10-12, unless otherwise indicated. In addition, like reference numerals are used for like features among the embodiments, with the letter "c" added as a suffix to refer to features of the present embodiment.
The illustrated posts 20 c do not include a locator ring of material below the head 26 c. The illustrated base 14 c, including dimensions of the posts 20 c, is otherwise identical to the base 14 described with respect to FIGS. 1-3. Unlike the openings 32, 32 a of the previous embodiments, the illustrated opening 32 c is shown without a lip or depression in the slot 36 c. It will be understood, however, that the slot can also include a depression over which the post head would seat without departing from the principles of the present embodiment.
It will be understood by one of skill in the art, however, that the fit need not be tight enough to inhibit transverse movement of the fitting or adaptor, particularly where the mounting structure is integral to the base, rather than integral to the cover. Desirably, however, the interaction between the mounting structure inner faces 142 and the adaptor mounting surfaces 172 is such as to inhibit significant longitudinal movement (e.g., more than 1-2 mm) of the adaptor 11 c. In the illustrated embodiment, the minimal width of the channel is more narrow than the widest portions on either end of the adaptor body 170.
The skilled artisan will appreciate that the retainers disclosed herein demonstrate versatility in securing a great variety of medical articles to a patient. Retainers similar to those of FIGS. 1-9 can be utilized to secure any device which is provided with holes spaced apart to engage with the posts. The cover is secured to the base to interpose the device between them. Many medical devices are already provided with suture holes which can be fitted over the retainer posts disclosed herein. Other devices can be modified to include such holes. Other arrangements to secure a medical article to the posts, either between the posts or adjacent to a single post, will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the disclosure herein.
Medical devices can be also be provided with surfaces similar to the mounting surfaces 172 of the illustrated adaptor 11 c, for mounting within the integral channel of the retainer 10 c illustrated in FIGS. 10-12. Y-joint adapters, for example, can be adapted to mount within the channel of the retainer 10 c shown in FIGS. 10-12.
Alternatively, one of skill in the art will readily appreciate that the disclosed retainers can be modified, without departing from the spirit of the invention, to mount and retain existing medical devices. For example, the integral mounting structure illustrated in FIGS. 10-12 can be adapted to clamp existing Y-joint adapters, or to directly mount a catheter or other medical line without the need for an intermediate fitting. In addition, the channel can have a semi-tubular shape and include at least one lateral slot that receives a radially extending member of the adaptor (e.g., an annular collar). Desirably, any such modified mounting structure would inhibit longitudinal and lateral movement of the device or medical line. Transverse movement is inhibited by closure of the retainer with the device or line sandwiched between the base and the cover.
Furthermore, the skilled artisan will recognize the interchangeability of various features from different embodiments. For example, the integral mounting structure 140 of FIGS. 10-12 can be adapted for mounting an adaptor in a retainer having the latch 70 of FIGS. 6-9, thus requiring no posts. Similarly, the various posts, slotted holes, hinges, anchor pads and fittings disclosed herein, as well as other known equivalents for each such feature, can be mixed and matched by one of ordinary skill in this art to construct anchoring systems in accordance with principles of the present invention.
Similarly, the retainer itself can be arranged to only slightly inhibit longitudinal movement of a catheter, such as to allow some amount of slip in response to large forces. For example, the fitting of FIGS. 1-3 can comprise a soft wing clamp without the box clamp. In any of these arrangements, a jerk upon the medical line can be largely absorbed by allowing some slip, without either disconnecting the line from the fitting or painfully pulling the anchor pad from the patient's skin.
1. An anchoring system for securing a medical line to the body of a patient, comprising a retainer, the retainer including a base that defines a receiving area for receiving a portion of the medical line, a cover permanently coupled to the base, the cover being movable between a closed position, in which at least a portion of the cover extends over at least a portion of the receiving area, and an open position, in which the receiving area is at least partially open, a latching mechanism operating between the base and the cover to rcleasably latch the cover to the base with the cover in the closed position, and interacting structure which is adapted to engage the medical line in a non-occlusive manner and to limit longitudinal movement of the medical line through the retainer when the medical line is placed within the receiving area, the interacting structure being located at least partially beneath the cover with the cover in the closed position.
11. The anchoring system of claim 9, wherein the opening comprises a slot extending into either the base or the cover from a respective edge.
32. The anchoring system of claim 31 additionally comprising a flexible anchor pad interposed between the retainer and the adhesive layer.
33. The anchoring system of claim 32, wherein the base of the retainer is bonded to the adhesive pad.
34. An anchoring system for securing a medical line to the body of a patient, said anchoring system comprising a fitting adapted to engage with the medical line, the fitting having at least one hole, and a retainer releasably receiving the fitting and comprising a base having a platform and at least one post extending from the platform and arranged to interact with the hole of the fitting, a cover movably coupled to the base so as to be moved between an open position and a closed position, and a latching mechanism operating between the cover and the base to releasably latch the cover to the base in the closed position.
35. The anchoring system of claim 34, wherein the fitting includes a plurality of holes and the base includes a plurality of posts.
36. The anchoring system as in claim 34, wherein the latching mechanism is formed at least between the post and a hole on the retainer.
37. The anchoring system of claim 36, wherein the hole is formed on the cover and includes a central aperture and a slot, the aperture being sized and shaped to receive the protrusion of the post, and the slot extending from the central aperture.
38. The anchoring system of claim 36, wherein the hole is formed on the cover and includes an edge hole at an edge of the cover and a slot extending into the cover from the edge hole.
39. The anchoring system of claim 36, wherein each hole further comprises a retention mechanism to inhibit movement of the post through the hole.
49. An anchoring system for securing a medical line to the body of a patient, comprising a retainer, the retainer including a base that defines a receiving area for receiving a portion of the medical line and a cover coupled to the base, means for releaseably latching the cover to the base, and means for limiting longitudinal movement of the medical line relative to the retainer, said movement limiting means located at least partially beneath the cover when the cover is latched to the base.
51. An anchoring system as in claim 49, wherein the retainer comprises a movable clamp.
52. An anchoring system as in claim 49, wherein the retainer comprises an in-line adapter.
55. The anchoring system of claim 1, wherein the cover is smaller than the base.
56. The anchoring system of claim 1, wherein the interacting structure is a pair of posts arranged on the base.
57. The anchoring system of claim 56, wherein the cover has length in a lateral direction sufficient to extend between the pair of posts arranged on the base.
58. The anchoring system of claim 1, wherein the cover has width in a longitudinal direction that is wider than a width of a post formed on the base.
59. The anchoring system of claim 58, wherein the cover has a width sufficient to stabilize a section of the medical line located within the retainer.
60. The anchoring system of claim 41, wherein the cover is permanently coupled to the base.
61. The anchoring system of claim 41, additionally comprising an adhesive layer coupled to the retainer and adapted to adhesively secure the retainer to the body of a patient.
62. The anchoring system of claim 61, additionally comprising a flexible anchor pad interposed between the anchor pad and the adhesive layer.
63. The anchoring system of claim 61, wherein the base of the retainer is bonded to the adhesive pad.
64. An anchoring system for securing a fitting, having at least one opening, on a medical line to a body of a patient, the anchoring system comprising a base having a platform and at least one post extending from the platform and arranged to interact with the opening of the fitting, a cover movably coupled to the base so as to be moved between an open position and a closed position, and a latching mechanism operating between the cover and the base to releasably latch the cover to the base in the closed position, the post being disposed at least partially beneath the cover with the cover in the closed position.
65. The anchoring system of claim 64, wherein the cover is coupled to the base by a flexible hinge.
66. The anchoring system of claim 65, wherein the flexible hinge comprises an elongate leash extending between and permanently connected to the cover and the base.
67. The anchoring system of claim 65, wherein the flexible hinge comprises a rigid support arm fixed to the base and a flexible bridge extending between the support arm and the cover.
68. The anchoring system of claim 65, wherein the base, cover and hinge are integrally formed.
69. The anchoring system of claim 64, wherein the latching mechanism comprises a barb member and a latch having a receptacle that releaseably receives the barb member.
70. The anchoring system of claim 69, wherein said barb member comprises a shank and a barbed end, and said latch includes at least one tang that projects into the receptacle and cooperates with the barbed end to inhibit unintentional retraction of the barb member from the receptacle.
71. The anchoring system as in claim 70, wherein said tang is formed as a flexible stem.
72. The anchoring system of claim 64 additionally comprising an adhesive layer coupled to the base and adapted to adhesively secure the base to the body of a patient.
73. The anchoring system of claim 72 additionally comprising a flexible anchor pad interposed between the base and the adhesive layer.
74. The anchoring system of claim 73, wherein the base is bonded to the adhesive pad.
ES98921041T ES2237838T3 (en) 1997-05-29 1998-05-07 Anchoring system to ensure medical lines.
Multiple-Lumen Central Venous Catheerization Product with ARROW+gard(TM) Antiseptic Surface (Arrow International brochure) (4/94).
Multiple-Lumen Central Venous Catheerization Product with ARROW+gard™ Antiseptic Surface (Arrow International brochure) (4/94).
Photographs (4) of Catheter Clamp and Rigid Fastener sold by Arrow International, Inc.
Free format text: CLAIMS 49, 50, 53 AND 54 ARE CANCELLED. CLAIMS 1-48, 51, 52 AND 55-74 WERE NOT REEXAMINED.


3. Minimum 8-10 game season (Starts early December) Possible 4-5 weekends over Winter Season. Typically, Saturdays only not to conflict with Metro-west or town travel ball.
5. Players in grades 2-3-4 who do not get placed on a tournament team will be placed into our ASA House league meeting on: 1/6, 1/13, 1/20, 1/27 and 2/3.
In the spring of 2016 ASA Hoops will be rolling out it's AAU Loyalty program. ASA Hoops will be offering an incentive based program for boys and girls who stay loyal to ASA. ASA Hoops is a unique and diverse company that is a 1 stop shop for all you basketball needs. We are not only an AAU programs but offer summer camps, clinics, classes, personal basketball training.
No other program in New England offers as many camps, clinics, and classes as ASA. Stay loyal and get rewarded. All ASA AAU players will receive a base 15% off of any ASA camp, clinic or class in year 1 of their participation. Each consecutive year of AAU participation will result in an additional 3% percent added to ones discount. For example in year two a player would receive 18% off our offerings, in year 3, 21% percent off and so on. For our families the saving's could be substantial over your child's youth basketball career. This discount does not apply to AAU fee's uniform or Nike Camps.


This side of music has always been there, but for some reason, I've recently developed a softer spot for it in my heart.
What is it, you're asking.
Christian love songs (and other aspects of life)!
It's common to find Christian songs center around praise and worship of God and that is great. But isn't it wonderful to occasionally come across a romantic song in a Christian album, or one discussing some other aspects of life, like family, friendship and marriage? After all, God is the great author and source of true love, right? Plus the greatest love story in the world happened over two thousand years ago when Jesus gave up His glory just to save mankind. How cool is that?
And the best part of these love songs? God is made center of it all! Truth be told, that's what I love most about it.
Casting Crown's Angel from their album Come To The Well.
Brandon Heath's It's No Good To Be Alone from his album, Leaving Eden.
So tell, what are your favorite Christian love songs? Would love to hear your thoughts!
Next PostHow Awesome Is Your 'About' Page?


November 2017 – WELCOME TO VENTURA'S MIND !
SHOUT OUT TO YOUR CROWN GIRL!
"Aha! You already know who it is !"😂😂😂😂 That right there is me trying to find a catchy intro for a YouTube channel I have created in my head. Oh well but with the many YouTube channels about hair available already I may just as well be a loyal subscriber. So let's talk about our… Continue reading SHOUT OUT TO YOUR CROWN GIRL!


Season's Greetings 2013 with Winter Trees by William Carlos Williams, one of my favorite poets of all times. Thank you for this year and all the best for 2014. Our donations have been appointed to Interpedia, Plan International, and the Association of Finnish Cancer Patients.
And hyvää joulua to you!
Thanks Christian! Have a great holiday break with the family.


text:
Soho Square
Churchill Group
Rapidly growing UK-based facilities management company providing cleaning, security, catering and environmental consultancy services across the education, rail & transport, public sector, corporate and property management sectors.
Founded in 1988 by Joel Briggs and Phil Moxom, Churchill is a rapidly growing organisation. Both Joel and Phil continue to lead the business as they prepare for this new phase in the company's development. Soho Square's track record of backing high-growth businesses is assisting the company as it continues its upward trajectory through both impressive organic growth and strategic acquisitions.
Location: Harpenden, UK
Date of investment: 2020
Sector: Business services
Replacement capital
"It was hugely important for us to find a partner that shared our long-term ambitious vision for Churchill. Soho Square's backing will greatly support our rapid and resilient growth. With an institutional partner on board, we will be able to prepare the business to readily capitalise on acquisitive growth opportunities in the highly fragmented business services market."
Joel Briggs of Churchill
www.churchillservices.com
Hend House
London WC2H 8EE
9 Percy Street
Fitzrovia London
W1T 1DL
info@soho-sq.com
© 2022 Soho Square Capital Group. All rights reserved. Soho Square Capital Group refers to the network of member firms, including among others Soho Square Investment Partners LLP, Soho Square services LLP and Soho Square Capital LLP, each of which is a separate and independent legal entity. No member firm has any authority to obligate or bind any other member firm vis-à-vis third parties. The material contained on this site is believed to be accurate at the time it was posted, but is provided to users "AS IS" without any express or implied warranties. For information on your privacy, please read our Internet Privacy Policy and Legal Notice.
Soho Square Capital LLP is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) in the United Kingdom (FRN 593311). Soho Square Capital LLP is incorporated as a Limited Liability Partnership in England and Wales, number OC 373740 with its registered office at 9 Percy Street, Fitzrovia, W1T 1DL.


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Even a fantastic essay can get you into trouble http://summerdreammvngo.com/2018/12/10/the-secret-of-paper-writer-that-no-one-is-discussing/ if it's been sold to other students too. Writing a report, you want to get accustomed to the key characters. In the beginning, while it is short, re-reading may only take a few minutes.
In the event you weren't provided with thorough instructions, don't hesitate to ask your teacher or professor about it. For instance, you have to learn what your teacher would like you to include. Students are liable for a single book report every month.
If you're on the lookout for a book editor, I can provide you a recommendation for someone (just comment below in the event you're interested) or you are able to employ an editor through Reedsy. As you read a science fiction book, think about just what the author is attempting to say. All is dependent on how you get started writing the book report.
If you're on the lookout for tips on writing a book file, you're in the correct spot. If you ought to be composing a standard book file, you may be prone to summarize the most important points about the book, give basic information and you'll be able to add your personal opinion or impression about the literary work. Look at published books to specify the size and format you would like for your book.
Book report writing ought to be a concise description about the entire book it should specify the major topic of the book. It is considered to be the most educative and creative process. Book reports are a really good means to encourage your children to try new books.
Otherwise, don't select the book you will surely not like. Books ought to be approved by me before you get started reading. The book is going to be of the studentas choice and has to be approved by me.
So http://suncookies.com/the-unexposed-secret-of-book-report-help/ you've decided you need to send a newsletter that will help you connect with your readers. In addition, it's likewise an ebook library and ebook reader. Many authors decide to self-publish their books.
It's therefore quite obvious that for you to produce an acceptable book file, then you have to thoroughly read the book. Try to remember, a crucial book review isn't a book report. Think what facets of the book spark your interest.
They are not just writers, but they are past academicians. They are ready to prepare a custom written book report on the very work that you have been assigned to review. They are the main part of it.


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Your personal finance journey always is evolving based on new challenges and opportunities, so even if you are in excellent financial shape, you will have questions when you enter new financial territory.
The answers provided here are not intended as financial advice. Your situation is unique. If you need guidance on a specific situation, check out SAM's Tools and Topics.
How do I financially prepare for natural disasters?
How can I help my child get financial aid for higher education?
How do I write a cover letter and resume that will land me a job?
How can I keep my job if I'm worried I will get fired?
I think I'm going to lose my job – what should I do?
How can I prepare financially if I'm about to lose my job?
What should you do when you get laid off?
I'm getting a divorce. How will child support and alimony affect my finances?
What are the risks of a home equity line of credit?
What should I watch out for when taking out a mortgage?
How is interest calculated on my car loan?
What are my health insurance options under the Affordable Care Act?
Which type of life insurance should I purchase?
I lost my job — what should I do with retirement accounts?
I am worried about paying my bills — what should I do?
How can I pay off my debts?
How do credit repair scams work?
How do I file for bankruptcy? Will it haunt me for the rest of my life?
Where can I get a truly free copy of my credit report and credit score?
I can't pay my credit card bills — what can I do?
What if I missed a credit card payment?
I need a loan — what are my credit options?
I need more money now — should I reduce my contributions or stop paying into my 401(k)?


This house / villa of 79 m² (about 849 ft²), built in 1900, on 3 levels, with a land size of 52 m² (about 0,01 acres) has 3 rooms including 2 bedrooms, 1 shower room and 1 toilet. It has a living room of 16 m² (about 172 ft²) and a cellar. Heating : individual electric.