text:
LOOK: PH Coast Guard gets new rescue ship from Japan
MANILA, Philippines – The Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) is expecting in August a multi-role vessel from Japan that will help in its "various search and rescue and maritime security and law enforcement operations."
The BRP Tubbataha, an MRRV-4401, will leave Yokohama on August 11, and will arrive at the Port of Manila on August 18. It will be formally turned over by the Japan International Cooperation Agency to the Philippine government on September 1.
The 44-meter vessel was built at the Japan Marine United Corporation Yokohama Shipyard. In a statement, the PCG cited BRP Tubbataha's special features will be specially helpful in operations. They include fire monitors, night vision camera, radio direction finder, a work boat, and the bullet-proof navigational bridge. Read full story at Rappler.com


text:
Graniti es una localidad italiana de la ciudad metropolitana de Mesina, en Sicilia. A fines de marzo de 2021 tiene una población estimada de 1.444 habitantes.

Evolución demográfica

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Localidades de la provincia de Mesina

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Taiwan imposes stricter African Swine Fever measure on PH
Published August 19, 2019, 9:11 AM
by Patrick Garcia
By Madelaine Miraflor
Taiwan has imposed stricter African Swine Fever (ASF) measure on the Philippines amid an alleged unreported case of the deadly pork disease in Bulacan and Rizal province.
(AFP / MANILA BULLETIN)
Over the weekend, Taiwan News reported that the East Asian nation will begin checking all carry-on bags from the Philippines starting today as a precautionary measure against ASF.
The order came from Central Emergency Operation Center (CEOC), the government agency tasked to monitor emergency situations in Taiwan, which said "ASF cases have been detected in Bulacan and Rizal Province of the Philippines, even though the authorities have not reported the cases to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE)".
"The Philippines thus became the latest country to be listed as a high-risk area for ASF by the Taiwanese authorities," the report further said.
Agriculture Secretary William Dar is set to address this issue in a press conference Monday.
The Department of Agriculture (DA) has been imposing stricter quarantine protocols against ASF since last year. In July, the DA closed its doors to imported pork products coming from Germany, one of the Philippines' top suppliers of affordable raw pork material, as part of this measure.
This made the Western European country the first country that can't be allowed to import pork to the Philippines even if it remains free from the deadly hog disease.
Former Agriculture Secretary Emmanuel Piñol said the move was a result of an investigation conducted by the Bureau Animal Industry (BAI) following the confiscation of a shipment of pork supposedly coming from Germany which included pork from Poland and Belgium.
Poland is one of the 18 countries with reported outbreak of ASF, a deadly hog disease which has no vaccine or cure. But while Germany is not included on the ASF list, it is contiguous with Poland and is therefore considered a "high risk" area.
Aside from Poland and Belgium, the country has already closed its doors to pork products coming from other ASF-hit countries like China, Hong Kong, Laos, Vietnam, Zambia, South Africa, Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Mongolia, Moldova, Hungary, Latvia, Romania, Russia, Myanmar, and Ukraine.
Majority of Filipinos prefer hybrid work model — survey

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I have spent the last three years working with Drosophila melanogaster, first as a M.Sc. student at the University of Chicago, USA, and then as a research assistant at the Institute of Population Genetics at the Vetmeduni Vienna, Austria. During my stay in Chicago I got interested in the development of Drosophila egg chambers and especially in ovarian polar cells and their role in actin polarization. In March 2013 I have joined the Flatt lab in Lausanne, where I am currently working as a lab manager and research assistant. Together with others in the lab, I am also currently involved in a project examining the role of the couch potato gene in affecting adult endocrine physiology and life history in D. melanogaster.
Research assistant, Institute of Population Genetics, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
M.Sc. degree project at the Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology Department, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, USA.
Erasmus exchange program, Faculty of Biosciences, University of Joensuu, Finland.
M.Sc. degree in Biology, University of Lodz, Poland, Specialization: Biochemistry.


Shirley's Tippy Canoe Bar & Grill is located on the beautiful banks of the Sandy River. This historical landmark restaurant serves breakfast, lunch, and dinner. There is a full bar and lounge. Outdoor seating is available, too! And catering. What more could you want?
Went to Shirley's for a late lunch and enjoyed the Special, scallops and crab on a English muffin, topped with melted cheese. I subbed the tomato bisque for the fries, which was really rich and delicious. The scallops and crab tasted great, dipped in the bisque. Washed it down with an OR brew recommended by Shirley. I recognized Shirley right away, identified myself and family as tourists, so Shirley shows us on the map the best route and highlights to see in the Multnomah Falls area. Her advice was spot on! The service, food and atmosphere were all warm and genuine. Shirley gave us a tour of the place, we signed the guest book and a hug good bye. 5 STARS!
Best spinach salad I've ever had!!


text:
VERIFY: Yes, DOE called Natural Gas, 'Freedom Gas.' But it isn't permanent.
Could 'freedom gas' become the 'freedom fries' of 2019? The VERIFY team explains what's going on with this natural gas nickname making headlines.
Author: Terry Spry Jr.
Published: 8:50 PM EDT May 31, 2019
Updated: 8:50 PM EDT May 31, 2019
Some headlines about a Department of Energy press release had some social media outlets thinking the U.S. Energy Department had officially re-branded "natural gas" to "freedom gas."
The term was used in a quote by a Department of Energy official in an official Department of Energy press release.
Did the D.O.E. officially change the term "natural gas," to "Freedom gas?"
THE ANSWER:
No, there was press release from the department that used that language, but it was a one-time change for that specific release.
WHAT WE FOUND:
The press release promoted natural gas production in the United States and the export of gas from the Freeport LNG Terminal in Texas. To most people, it would be fairly unremarkable if not for the quotes about "freedom gas."
"Increasing export capacity from the Freeport LNG project is critical to spreading freedom gas throughout the world," began a quote from U.S. Under Secretary of Energy Mark W. Menezes.
That quote was then proceeded by another patriotic reference to natural gas from Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy Steven Winberg.
"I am pleased that the Department of Energy is doing what it can to promote an efficient regulatory system that allows for molecules of U.S. freedom to be exported to the world," he said.
No other mentions were made to "freedom gas" or "molecules of U.S. freedom" in the release.
Additionally, the Department of Energy's page on natural gas makes no reference to freedom gas.
So while Department of Energy officials referred to natural gas in patriotic ways in an official D.O.E. press release, they have not officially called for natural gas to be re-branded to the more patriotic "freedom gas".
At least not yet.
Something you'd like VERIFIED? Click here to submit your story


text:
Q: Syntax explanation: .join(char for char in n if char.isalpha()), return n == n[::-1] def palindrome(n):
    n = n.lower()
    n = ''.join(char for char in n if char.isalpha())
    return n == n[::-1]

*

*n = ''.join(char for char in n if char.isalpha())

*return n == n[::-1]
Can someone break the syntax of these 2 lines down process by process?

A: (char for char in n if char.isalpha()) does pretty much what it says in almost-English: it creates a generator - which is kind of like an unrealised list, that you can get one element at a time from - that will yield every char where char comes from n, but only if char.isalpha() (i.e. where char is alphanumeric). Thus, for n = "the meth", you would get t, h, e, m, e, t and finally h, in order (but not the space, as it is not alphanumeric).
string.join(iterable) can take any iterable (like a list, or a generator), and slap it together with the string between each element. If you provide an empty string, it will just smoosh up the elements of the iterable without anything in between. So you get themeth - the original string cleared of anything that is not a letter or a number.
string[from:to:step] is the way of slicing substrings from a string (or subarrays from an array). You can leave out any part of it: "012345"[1::3] will take every 3rd character staring from 1st (well, 2nd if you're not a computer), resulting in "14". If the step is negative, then from and to defaults are reversed, and n[::-1] means "every -1th character from end to start", which is the word, reversed. "themeth"[::-1] is "themeth"; thus "the meth" is a palyndrome.

*) Meth is bad, m'kay? Don't smoke it, don't deal it, don't deal with it; it is here only as an easy palyndrome.

A: 1st line -
n = ''.join(char for char in n if char.isalpha())

s.join(iterable) is used to join each string in the iterable (which can be anything a list/tuple/generator expression) , using the s ,that is it creates a new string like - <first element of iterable> + s + <second element of iterable> + s + ... + <last element of iterable> . Example -
>>> '|'.join(['abcd','efgh','xyz'])
'abcd|efgh|xyz'

In your particular case , it is used to create a new string with only alphabets, removing all kinds of numbers/spaces/ etc. This is because -
You are first iterating over each character in the string using the syntax - for char in n . Example -
>>> for char in "abcd":
...     print(char)
...
a
b
c
d

Then you are checking if the char is an alphabet using the condition if char.isalpha() , str.isalpha() returns True only if the character is an alphabet, otherwise it returns False.
Then you are taking all chars that satisfy the above said condition. So -char for char in n if char.isalpha() , transforms to -
for char in n:
    if char.isalpha():
        char

The above cannot be put inside a str.join() , the above for loop is just an illustration of how the generator expression - char for char in n if char.isalpha() evaluates. The syntax is called Generator Expressions, read more about it at Generators
Then you join all those characters using an empty string, so that directly joins them all.

2nd line -
return n == n[::-1]

This checks if n is equal to its reverse , if it is, it returns True , otherwise False. This is because n[::-1] returns the string in reverse order. Example -
>>> n = 'abcdefgh'
>>> n[::-1]
'hgfedcba'

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


1. To assist you in getting as many qualified buyers as possible into your home until it is sold.
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• Utilize our Proven 32-step Marketing Plan and design a personalized plan for your home.
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• Represent you on all offer presentations to assure you the best price and terms in negotiations.
• Handle all the details once an offer is accepted and guide you through the escrow process to a successful closing.


text:
Q: How to create multiple url for single grails web application with dynamic DB switching Idea is to create multiple URL reference for a web application for each customer . (separate DB for each URL ) .
This is to create a application to various user with one solution.

A:
Idea is to create multiple URL reference for a web application for
  each customer . (separate DB for each URL ) . This is to create a
  application to various user with one solution.

GORM has support for multitenancy and one of the options is to use a subdomain resolver so tenant1.yourapp.com can have a different database than tenant2.yourapp.com even if those are both the same instance of the app.  More information is available at http://gorm.grails.org/latest/hibernate/manual/index.html#multiTenancy.

A: Unfortunately, the endpoint for API calls is not the Domain... it is the Controller. Even when you create bindings to the domain for a RESTFUL API, a controller is still dynamically maintained/created to be able to deal with the MAPPINGS for the annotations.
This doesn't solve for an RPC API solution and is only limited to a CRUD-based RESTFUL API.


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Cambodia's already overstretched prisons are being pushed to the "point of collapse" by an influx of inmates from the government's six-month war on drugs, a human rights advocate said on Thursday.
Villagers of Akrei Khsat commune in Kandal province's Lvea Em district say drug crime in the area has almost reached crisis point.
An American man who served prison time in Cambodia for sexually abusing five boys under the care of his Phnom Penh orphanage is currently on trial in the U.S. for alleged crimes he committed in Cambodia between 2005 and 2013.
A Phnom Penh fertility clinic implicated during Cambodia's first commercial surrogacy trial since the practice was banned in October is not being investigated, a police official said on Sunday.
In the country's first case of its kind, an Australian woman accused of being at the center of a surrogacy operation in Cambodia on Tuesday in court described a complex and sprawling commercial network in which she claimed to be just a minor player, with a broker in Bangkok pulling most of the strings.
At least 1,000 striking garment workers submitted a petition to the Labor Ministry on Thursday seeking its intervention in the suspension of 11 workers, 10 of whom claim they were discriminated against for being activists of a local union.
Nearly 2,000 garment workers on Wednesday extended a strike over paid time off for Sunday's elections after their employer suspended 10 union activists at the factory, they said.
By the time Cambodia's fourth commune elections came to a close at 3 p.m. on Sunday, 6,743,329 of the country's citizens had come out to cast their votes, according to the National Election Committee (NEC).
"I'm from Banteay Meanchey province, but I have lived in Phnom Penh for 20 years. I look after my aunt's house in Phnom Penh. My father is not alive anymore. I support my mother [financially]. I don't know who I will vote for yet. It depends on who my family will vote for..."
The National Election Committee (NEC) on Thursday shortened the process voters without national identity cards must complete to prove their identity at polling stations on Sunday, a move an election monitor and the CNRP said came too late.
To vote or not to vote. For many of Cambodia's saffron-robed Buddhist monks, it's a difficult question. On one hand, activism among monks has a long tradition, from helping create a strong Khmer national identity during colonial rule, to leading the drive for independence in the 20th century, to protesting with the urban and rural poor in their land rights battles.
Two years after the last sighting of the species in Cambodia, two fishing cats—a wild cat native to South and Southeast Asia that is listed as vulnerable on the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List—have been caught on camera in Koh Kong province, a wildlife conservation NGO said.
Voter Voices: Phal Kanitha, 30, Procurement officer; from Kraing Yov commune in Kandal province's Sa'ang district.
"I live in [Phnom Penh's] Sen Sok district with my brother. I've been here for one year. My parents are rice farmers. They have about 3 to 4 hectares in Oudong.
Transparency International has pledged a rapid assessment of potential irregularities in Sunday's commune elections by sending 1,100 observers across Cambodia—including, if needed, by boat and helicopter.
Seng Bunthoeun, 22, a garment factory worker who comes from Prek Khsay Khor commune in Prey Veng province's Peamro district.
Police in Svay Rieng province on Saturday shut down a training session for 16 observers registered to monitor this Sunday's commune elections, saying it had not been sanctioned by authorities, according to an organizer.
"I worked in a [garment] factory for a year. I didn't like it because it's a hard job and I got a low salary—$60 a month. I'm going to vote for the CNRP. I've always voted for the opposition. Lotus farmers really believe in the CNRP."
Election observers working for NGOs are treading more carefully in their monitoring activities because of a controversial law on NGOs passed nearly two years ago, said Sam Kuntheamy, executive director of the Neutral and Impartial Committee for Free and Fair Elections in Cambodia (Nicfec), during an interview with The Cambodia Daily on Thursday.


MECIP provides engineering services and consultancy in conventional as well as oil & gas sector. We are affiliated with an international network of reknown engineering companies as well as select boutique engineering service providers, giving us global expertise and the ability to offer leading edge local solutions.
MECIP commenced business in 1994, and now has over 200 personnel in Malaysia with oversea representatives in Europe.
MECIP 'gets' its name by the services it provides; Mechanical, Electrical, Civil, Instrumentation and Process.
MECIP (M) Sdn Bhd is registered with the Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM), Ministry of Finance Malaysia (MOF) and also licensed & registered with PETRONAS to provide engineering consultancy services to various government agencies and Oil & Gas/Petrochemical industries.
Lead by senior managers who are themselves highly competent engineer and supported by more than 200 staffs of various disciplines comprising of engineers, planners, surveyors, designers, draughtsmen as well as finance & management personnel, MECIP is capable to serve and assist clients in the planning and implementation of assignments and projects with full competency and quality. With total strength of combined experience from the principals and all resources available within us, MECIP is confident to provide reliable and efficient engineering solution meeting client requirements within the schedule.
We apply state-of-the-art technologies whilst adopting an exceptional quality assurance system and seeking innovation and improvement. We thrive upon challenge and accomplishment.
Enduring commitment to professional ethical standards is deeply ingrained in every professional conduct and business action undertaken by all MECIP staff members. Moral accountability is the backbone of our firm's operations.
Transparency, teamwork, and trust are the main constituents of our roadmap to outstanding performance. Our greatest asset is a corporate culture that cultivates a diversity of backgrounds, experience, and views.
Committed resolution to promote the short-/long-term future welfare of our company, our customers, and the world we live in, is the force empowering our continued growth and expansion.
Striking the delicate balance between conserving planet Earth's wealth of resources and serving our projects' demanding engineering needs constitutes the core of MECIP's operating philosophy from the outset. Our green engineering systems are designed to systematically respect the natural constraints of our planet and preserve its beauty, whilst developing energy-efficient systems that integrate favorably with our obligations towards our client base.
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MECIP aspires to be a preferred engineering design services provider of choice in the global market by delivering world-class engineering design services.
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To be released after Wai Kru in May!!
Latest batch of Jin Jok to be released after Wai Kru of Ac Liang in May!!
Ayutthaya is famous for Jin Jok that is made by Lp Nai of Wat Ban Jeang. Lp Nai's is recognized as the top Jin Jok maker in Thailand and he is from the lineage of Lp Suk(Wat Makamtao).
Ac Liang learnt the art of making effacious Jin Jok from the lineage of Lp Nai. The scroll of making Jin Jok by Lp Nai was passed down to Ac Liang and he has learnt all the wiccha to make effacious Jin Jok amulets.
Jin Jok is for metta mahaniyom, metta mahaseneh, luck and wealth. This batch of Jin Jok is similar in style to Lp Nai's famous Jin Jok.
Full price must be paid via cash/atm transfer for pre-order. Receipt from Rex Gallery will be issued upon request. Quantity is limited so its based on 1st come 1st served basis.
All times are GMT +8. The time now is 08:40.


I hope it tastes as fruity as it looks More giggling. I looked down and saw Carla s legs spread wide and asked her to rub herself. We just kissed a few times. He was dying for me to show him my naked body and it flattere. Raj replied Its awesome mom with a smile. Susan wollte mich hier im Hotel verfuhren.


Well, who saw that coming?
After such a thrilling start to the campaign, both in terms of results and performances, the Hornets had their pants well and truly pulled down at Vicarage Road this afternoon and were thumped by Bournemouth. The way the Golden Boys had been boldly playing you expected them to give someone a hiding but instead they were on the receiving end of one.
You could argue the Golden Boys have deserved something – perhaps even a victory – from every game they have played this season, but they got exactly what they deserved here. It was a miserable afternoon where nothing went right for Javi Gracia's men and the only saving grace is that the defeat was not heavier, as it could easily have been. It was not the way to mark the 100th Premier League game at Vicarage Road and after winning their first four, the Hornets have now lost three of the last four, leaving Gracia with a bit of thinking and tinkering to do ahead of the awkward-looking trip to Wolverhampton Wanderers next time out.
Yes, Watford had to play for just under an hour with 10 men after Christian Kabasele was sent off for the second time in three matches, but they were already on the back foot by that stage and the signs were not looking great. David Brooks put the visitors ahead on 14 minutes, Joshua King made it two from the spot after he had been tripped in the box by Kabasele, and then promptly nodded in the third on the stroke of half-time.
The Cherries were causing problems every time they raided forward on the counter-attack and they got another at the start of the second half through Callum Wilson. They did the sort of counter-punching job that the Hornets did at Burnley, Fulham (for the first half), and at Arsenal – only Eddie Howe's side took their chances. That's how it works at this level.
You got the feeling it might be one of those days when Ben Foster was called into action twice early on, the goalkeeper haring off his line to thwart counter-attacks. You don't expect your No. 1 to be that busy so early on. The fact both Watford centre-backs were shown yellow cards inside 22 minutes was also not a good omen, although the decision to book Kabasele for a foul on Asmir Begović seemed harsh and left Kabasele walking a tightrope, one that he fell off.
Watford were being opened up down the flanks and from one surge down the left by King, Brooks rammed in the opener on the rebound at the far post. The goal was harsh on Foster, who had brilliantly clawed out the initial effort from Wilson. The Hornets could count themselves lucky it was not two soon after when Wilson, standing unmarked, steered a header just wide from a Brooks cross. Foster could only stand and watch, hoping it landed the other side of the post, which it thankfully did.
There was no lucky escape just after the half-hour, though, when Bournemouth made it two from the spot. Kabasele got the wrong side of King, was outmuscled and then compounded his errors by tripping the forward in the box. King then sent Foster the wrong way from the resulting penalty.
Kabasele was probably still in the shower when King made it three on the stroke of half-time, converting a cross from Wilson. It was game over and everybody knew it.
It was damage limitation thereafter yet things threatened to get messy when Wilson made it four just two minutes after the restart, poking the ball past Foster after a cross from Ryan Fraser found him in a surprising amount of space. It could have been five not long after, but the outstanding Nathan Aké saw a close-range header saved. Foster also kept out King's effort late on with his right foot. Foster had a fine game for someone who conceded four goals.
The Golden Boys never threw the towel in, but it just wasn't their afternoon. The passes never stuck, the ball never broke for them, and there was not that same dynamism about their play. The crowd tried to do their bit and got in an early rendition of 'Elton John's Taylor Made Army' but nothing was working. They only had a shot from Will Hughes and a header from Cathcart – both in the the first half – to really shout about.
Gracia tried to inject a bit of life into his side by bringing on Isaac Success and Adrian Mariappa, who will need the minutes ahead of the Wolves game. Then Gerard Deulofeu scampered off the bench for the last 16 minutes for his first appearance of the season. But the game had long gone, the damage had already been done and it was probably best to just put this one down as a bad day at the office.
HORNETS | Foster (GK); Femenía, Cathcart, Kabasele, Holebas; Hughes (Mariappa 55), Capoue, Doucouré, Pereyra (Deulofeu 74); Deeney (C), Gray (Success 55).
Subs not used | Gomes (GK), Masina, Sema, Chalobah.
Andre Gray has won the Watford FC Goal of the Month gong for September, with his first-time finish against Manchester United at The Vic.
The Hornets scored six goals in September, and you were asked to vote for your Watford FC Goal of the Month on the club's twitter account.
Gray took 41 per cent of the vote, with Isaac Success' strike against Spurs in the Carabao Cup next-best with 32 per cent.
Watch the video below, via the Hornets' official YouTube channel, to remind yourself of the nominees for September.
D) Isaac Success v Tottenham Hotspur, Wednesday September 26.


text:
Q: Android XML using SAX Parser <MenuByRole InstanceID="519" RoleID="614">
    <MainMenu Id="2298">Home</MainMenu>
    <MainMenu Id="2431">My Results</MainMenu>
    <MainMenu Id="2415">My Attendance</MainMenu>
</MenuByRole>

This is my XML file, I have retrieved all the ID values in this XML file.
Here is the following code for that,
if (qName.equalsIgnoreCase("MainMenu"))
        {
      id = attributes.getValue("Id");
      MainMenu = true;
    }

But I want to retrieve the specific Id value according to the name. For Example,
I want to retrieve the ID value 2298 with the help of Home name here

A: Below is full parsing Code.. You will get all ID from listMenuId and all name from listMenuName
String currentValue = "";
String currentTag = "";
        ArrayList<String> listMenuId;
        ArrayList<String> listMenuName;

        // Called when tag starts
        @Override
        public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
            currentTag = localName;
            if(currentTag.equalsIgnoreCase("MenuByRole")){
                listMenuId = new ArrayList<String>();
                listMenuName = new ArrayList<String>();
            }
            if(currentTag.equalsIgnoreCase("MainMenu")){
                listMenuId.add(attributes.getValue("Id"));
            }
        }

        // Called when tag closing
        @Override
        public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
                throws SAXException {
        }

        // Called to get tag characters
        @Override
        public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
                throws SAXException {
            currentValue = currentValue + new String(ch, start, length);

            if(currentTag.equalsIgnoreCase("MainMenu"))
                listMenuId.add(currentValue);
            }
    }

A:     public class MainMenu {
            private Long id;
            private String Name;

            public Long getId() {
                return id;
            }

            public void setId(Long id) {
                this.id = id;
            }

            public String getName() {
                return Name;
            }

            public void setName(String name) {
                Name = name;
            }

        }

    ArrayList<MainMenu> munuIDList;
        MainMenu oMainMenu;
        boolean isReadData;
        String sName;
        @Override
        public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
            if(localName.equalsIgnoreCase("MenuByRole")){
                munuIDList = new ArrayList<MainMenu>();
                isReadData = false;
            }
            if(localName.equalsIgnoreCase("MainMenu")){
                isReadData = true;
                oMainMenu = new MainMenu();
                oMainMenu.setId(attributes.getValue("Id"));

            }
        }

        @Override
        public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
                throws SAXException {
            if(localName.equalsIgnoreCase("MainMenu"))
                oMainMenu.setName(sName);
            sName = null;
            isReadData = false;
            }
        }
        @Override
        public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
                throws SAXException {
            if(isReadData) {
            sName = new String(ch, start, length);
            }
    }

MainActivity
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnItemClickListener{
ArrayLsit<MainMenu> lstMainMenu;
@Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
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Astronaut Joe Acaba says it was very difficult to see the island of Puerto Rico from space after Hurricane Maria swept through the region on Sept. 20.
In comments during a space-to-ground question-and-answer session with hundreds of Puerto Rican students today (Jan. 12), Acaba said the Caribbean island is usually easy to spot because of its lights. That changed quickly after the hurricane came through as a Category 4 storm, devastating the island's infrastructure. Acaba is the first astronaut of Puerto Rican heritage — both of his parents were born there, although he is from California.
In Spanish, Acaba added that his thoughts are with Puerto Rico, and he understands that it was difficult after the hurricane swept through — and that life remains difficult today. "I'm thinking about you," he said in Spanish.
Another student asked Acaba if it was difficult to adjust to a limited menu in space, adding that many Puerto Ricans needed to eat a limited menu themselves after the hurricane.
"It's a pretty good menu. It repeats itself every seven to 14 days. The food is pretty good, but it does get a little monotonous," Acaba responded in English. He added that he can't wait to get home and have a "great meal."
Puerto Rico continues to recover from the storm. As of yesterday (Jan. 11) — nearly four months after Maria hit — approximately 40 percent of the island's public utility customers still do not have electricity, according to NPR and status.pr, a website that tracks how infrastructure repairs are progressing in Puerto Rico.
Acaba spoke with more than 500 students in Manatí, which is 40 minutes west of San Juan, the capital. The students represent 30 school districts in 12 cities, and participated as part of the Puerto Rico Institute of Robotics' (PRIOR) network.
The students asked many questions, ranging from daily life on the space station, to Acaba's background and work in space. When asked about how his training as an educator helps with astronaut work, Acaba said communication is key in both professions. He added in Spanish that being a teacher is one of the "most difficult and most important professions in the world."
Another student asked how Acaba felt during a spacewalk in October, compared to his past missions — specifically, whether Acaba felt more comfortable or more anxious. Acaba responded in Spanish that while he felt comfortable, he still maintained focus to avoid any problems.
Other insights Acaba shared with students included the challenges of fixing the space toilet (one of the station's toilets just broke again, he said), and the ease of flowing between different nations' modules on the International Space Station without using a passport.
The event started a few minutes late due to an audio issue on the Puerto Rican side of the communications link, according to NASA. Acaba passed some of the time by doing a lazy somersault and jumping to an adjacent wall in the Japanese Kibo laboratory, where he held the conversation with students.
Acaba arrived at the space station on Sept. 12, about a week before Maria battered Puerto Rico. Later in September, Acaba sent a tweet expressing support and prayers for everyone affected by the storm.
"From @Space_Station, thinking and praying for all families and friends in Puerto Rico," Acaba wrote on Sept. 24. Acaba's tweet was accompanied by a photo of himself with a Puerto Rican baseball shirt and holding the Puerto Rican flag; behind him were the windows of the space station's Cupola observatory.
Acaba was selected as an astronaut in 2004 This is his third space voyage. On his first trip — space shuttle mission STS-119, in 2009 — Acaba brought a Puerto Rican flag with him and asked that one of the wake-up songs be the Puerto Rican folklore song "Qué Bonita Bandera," which translates to "What a Beautiful Flag."


This weekend we attended Seattle's Fremont Solstice Parade. I love it, and Santa Barbara's version (which was actually the inspiration for the Fremont one); they're amazing outpourings of creativity and enthusiasm.
In fact, they're the only parades I've attended for so long that I forget that they're nothing like what most people think of when they think parade. Most parades are quite boring, an endless procession of the same old marching bands, cars with banners for the local hardware store, floats with beauty queens, horses in formation, and if you're lucky, Shriners driving little cars.
With those three prohibitions (the same for both parades), the organizers have wiped out the standard creative crutches that allow most parades to slouch by without really doing anything interesting. Those three rules make it harder to put on a parade, but the result is so much better.
That's something to think about, next time you're embarking on a project. What standard element can you remove to force you to come up with something more interesting?


Deutsche Bank (ETR: DBK) has cut Royal Mail's target price by 16% after the group was bumped off the FTSE 100.
The group's relegation from the blue-chip index was of no surprise. The postal group has struggled this past quarter after a shock profit warning in October and drop in market value.
Last week, the group announced the expected profit for the year to drop from £694 million to £500-550 million.
"It's been quite the year for Royal Mail. Having struck its highest levels since the start of 2014 back in May, it is now looking like it is going to crash out of the FTSE 100, the British institution's out-dated letters division seeing its struggles only increase in a post-GDPR world," said Connor Campbell from Spreadex.
The insurance company Hiscox (LON: HSX) replaced the Royal Mail.
In other market news, Just Eat (LON: JE) shares are down over 5% after it was also bumped from the FTSE 100.
Barclays (LON: BARC) has also cut its price target for the food delivery company.
"We see limited macro risk for Just Eat. In our view, while some customer might forego ordering takeaway food to save costs, others might trade down from higher segments to Just Eat for the same reason," said Barclays.
Shares in Royal Mail (LON: RMG) are currently trading -0.72% (1624GMT).


text:
By Yomar
June 19, 2002 in The Tailgate
Funkyalligator
Simply put the terrorists in the middle east perform their acts because of religious beliefs more than political beliefs unlike Timothy McVeigh or even the IRA who perform the terrorist acts because of political beliefs more than religious beliefs.
The Evil Genius
By the way - have we ever met? Cause you seem to know me better than I do. And hell, I live with me every day. Perhaps maybe if you knew me better - then you would change your labeling of me. Oh well though - guess I can't make everybody like me
Originally posted by The Evil Genius
Please reread what I wrote - I never said the actions taken by the country of Israel. I said that all 3 parties, the Christians, the Jews, and the Arabs wee guilty of terrorism.
EG,
I read what you wrote. I copied what you wrote. I'll paste here what you wrote. You wrote, "I know this isnt a popular position...but I think its worth noting that the terrorism is coming from both sides (actually all 3 - the Arab nations, Israel, and the Christian based groups)."
You didn't say that all three parties, the Christians, the Jews and the Arabs were guilty of terrorism. You said all three, the Arab nations, Israel and Christian based groups were guilty. That's precisely what you said.
If you meant something else, then fine. But, other than the conspiracy by the Jewish-held media that prevents any comment about the Jewish terrorism in the area, you really don't have any point here.
Those Jews are clever and since they control all media in the world dozens of bombings they are utilizing are simply going unspoken by anyone. I knew the Jews ruled the world, but, I had sometimes forgotten to factor that in when I speak with someone else.
Nice one, try to make me look bigoted. Except - I NEVER SAID that and you know it.
Let me simplify this for you - since I don't appear to be conveying what I think very well to you - or others.
My question is - Yes or No - do you believe that either Christains and or Jews in Israel have taken terrorist actions, not as an official ac tion of Isreal, towards Arabs?
If you think no - then that is fine - its your belief and, on record, I do not agree.
If you think there have been terrorist acts on the behalf of Christians and/or Jews in Israek - then that is what I am saying.
Do I have media stories to back this up - no, I do not not at my disposal have stories. Nor do I know if such stories exist.
Would this be the 1st time that no media stories existed about terrorist actions that occured? I do not know. Perhaps, but I dont know either way.
Importantly, I like you a rather lot. People confuse a furious debate with dislike. I still like Terry too, even though he's a bit sour on me for beating him about the head and shoulders the way I do. I didn't so much like Kefka because he was a nut, but, in general, a well-spoken person of any belief is going to appeal to me a great deal.
As for knowing you, I can say I pretty clearly know you only from your words. The views you stand behind define you even if you sometimes mouth other words to limit that. Nothing you stand for can honestly be stated as a "middle" view. You are not middle of the road. I'm certain you have a handful of strong conservative beliefs, though, I'm positive they've never been demonstrated. I am strongly conservative and I probably have an occasional lapse and have a liberal stance from time to time on something. But, simply put, you are what you are. I don't need to meet you to know you. So, if you're confused, then perhaps I do know you better than you do
My bad on that - I guess I did write Isreal when I meant jewish peoples.
Kilmer17
Banned From Tailgate
I dont think that there are NOT Jews or Christians that would or have committed terrorists acts against muslims, arabs, palestinians et al. But I am sure that their are not networks of people whose main purpose and goal is to kill people of other religions or ethnicity. However, what would the Jewish equivilent of Hamas be? And are they supported by the Israeli govt the way Hamas is supported by the PLO and other Arab muslim nations? And what is the Christian equivalent of Hezbollah? Or Islamic Jihad? And outside a lone nutcase like McViegh, what have they done?
I know this isnt a popular statement, but I say lets give them the JIhad they so desperately want.
Do you know how ridiculous that post sounded?
You have no evidence or account of any specific act of terrorism conducted by anyone in Israel against anyone outside of Israel and yet you think it's imperative that we all recognize that all sides involved are guilty?
Is it THAT difficult for you to believe that one side really is guilty? You're position is akin to saying the woman asked for it when she was raped, or, a murder victim is somehow equally complicit in the crime. On one had you have thoroughly documented fanaticism and atrocities conducted by people of a certain religious and ethnic background who are sponsored by others of the same, and on the other hand you have no documentation or evidence of fanaticism or atrocities, but, they must be happening, so therefore everyone's guilty?
This is ludicrous. Do I believe citizens with Israel have ever done something terrible against an Arab or Muslim? I can't say as I do, but, it is certainly well within the realm of possibility and just as certainly, irrelevant. The murder victim is never equally as guilty as the murderer.
@DCGoldPants
alright guys. There are two types of groups here.
Out in the open to the world (mostly) Israel who march Tanks and Guns into area's with a mission that is made public
and the secret "Terrorist" groups who are being funded by their leaders to kill not the other sides military leaders but to take out children.
Bufford,
Don't forget the third group. The third group of ultra-secret Jews running around indiscriminantly killing Arabs and Muslims while being totally undetected or reported upon by any media outlet in the world.
That is the group we need to watch.
Currently I don't believe there are any Militant Jewish groups that terrorize the Arabs but....they have existed in the past i.e. the JDL which blew up the King David Hotel during the British control of the area pre-1947. There have been a few...very few instances of Jewish settlers/regular Jews attacking and killing Arabs but this is on par with similar attacks by regular arabs against jews(not these attacks are okay but they are to be expected) I do disagree with the Israeli policy of opening up new Jewish settlements in the West Bank so that Israel can extend its territory but these bombings need to stop.
I've got a good idea...whenever the Hamas, Jihad etc. announces who the suicide bomber was the Israelis should go in and kill the whole family. This will take care of two things one it gets rid of people that actively support the movement, it makes people think twice about becoming a suicide bomber and it creates problems for the PR people for Hamas, Jihad, etc.
I do not know the validity of this...but it sheds some light into how some feel that both, or all, sides are tainted in this conflict...
it could be just liberal bias of the press, cause according to Art , like the Jews, they control the media.
Anyways..perhaps this is state sponsered terrorism...which doesn't make it terrorism to some here. I dunno.
By Kathryn Kingsbury
The morning after I returned from a two-week trip to Israel and the Palestinian territories, I awoke to appalling news.
A suicide bombing by a member of Hamas, a Palestinian liberation group, killed at least 15 people, including several children, last Thursday during lunch hour at a crowded pizzeria in downtown Jerusalem. The bombing came in retaliation for an Israeli attack July 31 that killed eight people, including two Hamas members, in the West Bank city of Nablus. Hamas is one of several Palestinian groups seeking to end the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip through political and military means.
I had just come back from a two-week trip with Christian Peacemaker Teams, a pacifist group that documents human rights abuses and works with Israelis and Palestinians to promote peaceful and just means for ending the ongoing warfare.
Before I left, several well-intentioned acquaintances politely informed me I was crazy. "Palestinians don't know any way other than violence," they said. "They kill Jews left and right, after all that the Israelis have done for them. Pacifism won't work in the Middle East."
This perception is understandable. As Israeli Foreign Minister Shimon Peres so astutely pointed out after Thursday's atrocity in Jerusalem, the world has allowed rogue militants to speak for all of Palestine. "If we say we won't talk under fire, it means every mad gunman can decide there will be no dialogue."
At the same time, we ignore Palestine's lively peace movement - you, dear reader, have likely never heard of it, even though it works at a grass-roots level in every Palestinian community throughout the occupied territories.
And by our silence, we condone Israel's own atrocities against the Palestinian people. The Israeli death toll from the current 10-month conflict is around 140. In the same period, more than 550 Palestinians have been killed. As with the Israeli deaths, many of the dead Palestinians were civilians who just happened to be in the wrong place at the wrong time.
That's right. Middle East terrorism goes both ways.
Aweek ago Monday, I visited a desert community of about 75 cave-dwelling shepherds near the West Bank town of Yatta. Only two weeks before, the Israeli Defense Forces had bulldozed every one of the community's centuries-old caves, burying clothing, cars and even live sheep under tons of rock. When the Red Cross supplied emergency tents to the families, the Israelis returned with their heavy machinery and buried those as well.
An elderly shepherd named Jaber led me from crumbled cave to crumbled cave. It was early in the afternoon, a time when most Middle Easterners stay indoors or under a canopy. But Jaber and I had no choice. The entrances to the caves were blocked by jagged stones, crumpled cars and torn tents. His face glowed a deep pink from days on end of living under the desert sun with almost no access to shade.
He led me past his surviving goats and sheep, several of whom were gnawing on a fallen tree, to the cave where he had kept them at night and during the harsher parts of day. Through a gap in the stones, we could see buried containers of feed. "Everything is in there," he said in Arabic. "I have no food to give them."
The Israeli government has justified the cave demolitions, saying that they were built without the required construction permits. Israel has used this process to block virtually all Palestinian construction - schools, homes, you name it - on these lands.
And it regularly demolishes structures that predate the 1967 permit law in order to make way for Israeli colonies in the West Bank that are illegal under international law. In its occupation of the Palestinian territories, Israel continuously violates the Fourth Geneva Convention, which outlaws attacks against civilians and forbids permanent settlements by any nation outside of its boundaries, even though Israel itself pushed for this convention and signed onto it.
These home demolitions are only one part of Israel's ongoing policy of harassing, impoverishing, torturing and killing Palestinian civilians in an effort to force them to flee their homeland.
Take the two children and several bystanders who were killed as "collateral damage" during the Israeli attack two weeks ago in Nablus. Or the Palestinian pacifist, Isaac Saada, who was murdered by the Israeli Defense Forces last month in Bethlehem. Or my Palestinian friend who was stopped by an Israeli security officer as he drove on an ostensibly Palestinian-controlled road, ordered out of his car, beaten and threatened with death. Or my encounter early last week with a group of Israeli soldiers who surrounded my group's Palestinian taxi drivers and calmly discussed kidnapping and torturing them, forgetting that the Israeli peace activists among us would understand Hebrew.
The policy of terror is working. Jacob, a Palestinian friend of mine who lives in Beit Jala, a village just outside of Bethlehem, recently told me of his plans to move to Bolivia. The tourist-dependent Bethlehem economy has crashed since the beginning of this intifada.
"There's no work," he told me. "And I'm sick of this shooting." He waved his hand in the direction of Gilo, a walled Israeli settlement that stands like a fortress on a nearby hill. Besides housing Israelis, Gilo holds a military outpost that regularly barrages Bethlehem and its surrounding villages with shells and machine gun fire.
The night before, Jacob and I had huddled in a corner room of the house with several other friends as Israeli bullets zipped through the hallway and burst holes in the gas and water tanks on the roof.
Israel claimed that the shelling was in response to Palestinian gunfire. If so, why did the Israeli Defense Forces blanket residential areas with bombs and bullets, rather than targeting the handful of gunmen who were acting in opposition to the majority will of Beit Jala residents?
The Israeli government is as guilty as Palestinian military groups of waging war against civilians. But unlike Hamas or Islamic Jihad, it is using U.S. taxpayers' money to do so - to the tune of $2.23 billion in military aid a year.
It is time for the United States to wake up and hold Israel accountable for its war crimes.
Kathryn Kingsbury is a reporter for The Capital Times.
But unlike Hamas or Islamic Jihad, it is using U.S. taxpayers' money to do so - to the tune of $2.23 billion in military aid a year.
Of course, I cannot agree with the above quote since we, the US, were a main contributor to these type of factions back in the 1980's. Anything to fight those commies!
"Kathryn Kingsbury is a bleeding heart liberal who would have stood with Hanoi Jane if given the chance"
I can start posting stuff from Jewish Weekly, but I think we can agree that their views would be a little slanted as well.
You know, its easy, when confronted with the opposite of the status quo, to dismiss what is said because of its slant (liberal, conservative, etc). Sometimes there is truth there - sometimes there isn't. Is there any truth to this story?
And yet, when I say that not everthing is being reported about an issue - I am blasted?
Makes me wonder sometimes.
You know if Arafat didn't have friends who were selling us oil, the US would of left him out to dry a long time ago. He doesn't do anything but his friends do.
Again, it's really very simple. Terrorism is a word that means something. It can't mean something else to appeal to the self-loathing you well-intentioned liberals are prone to experience. Israel as a country can not commit terrorism. It is possible for Israel as a country to commit a war crime.
But, as we are doing in Afghanistan, the facts are a country that takes to retaliating against an attack against it is merely conducting war operations and civilians will perish. An unintended consequence of using the military to act against a people is that the military is not a scalpal, but a broad sword. Terrorism, is entirely different and intent matters. When Israel, or the U.S., takes to a military exercise in a foreign country, we are going after specific targets that are not civilian targets.
Terrorists target civilians specifically and you know the difference here. Now, that said, the U.S. is the worst country in the history of war at targeting civilian centers. In WWII we specifically killed German civilians to lessen their resolve. Even England came down on us at the time pretty hard for that. The Russians, who were doing the same, were said to have been amazed that after weeks of bombing Dresden, the U.S. planes came in and so destroyed the city and killed 100,000 people that Russian bombs had nothing left to destroy.
But, even that was an act that was and can be understood when taken on by a nation-state fighting a war. Times have changed and it would be difficult to imagine the same type of military as then, and now you see countries like the U.S. and Israel taking some care not to kill innocent people if possible. Some will die and that is the way of it. It is distinctly different than walking onto a crowded bus and killing teenagers.
That your self-loathing is such that you can't see that makes you a pitiable person in this.
In Wednesday's blast, the bomber sprang from a red Audi, dashed past two policemen and set off the explosive, according to police.
Nine people and the bomber were killed, said Jerusalem police chief Mickey Levy. More than 35 were wounded, several critically, rescue workers told army radio. Among the injured was an officer who was chasing the bomber, Levy said. The Audi sped away, disappearing into a Palestinian neighborhood in east Jerusalem, police said.
The explosion in the French Hill neighborhood blew out the back and the sides of the bus stop shelter, leaving just a concrete bench and the roof. An arm and a leg were among the body parts scattered on the street.
The Palestinian Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades, a militant group that is associated with Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat's Fatah movement, claimed responsibility for Wednesday's bombing, al-Manar television in Beirut reported.
I haven't heard anything about Israel sending in troops to blow themselves up.
Ryman of the North
"You should quit making statements based upon your supositions and you should start formulating opinion based upon the knowledge you possess. One side is targeting innocent people to topple a nation. The other side is a nation targeting the terrorists to topple the terrorists. I didn't realize you were confused by what you are seeing"
Truer words were never spoken!
Kingsbury is simplifying she doesnt report that the dwellings were in a zone that was clearly posted as a no dwelling area only that the big bad israelis were so mean.Nice one sided reporting!
My best friend is a christian from lebanon and he says that there will never be peace in the middle east because the arabs dont want it! on more than one occasion they have proven it! the israelis actually are very good to the arabs in israel but until recently NO suicide bombers came from israel either!
as for the christian terrorists that was the phalange(leb catholics) who had been losing several villages to terrorrist massacres and fought fire with fire. A lot of the atrocities supposedly committed by the israelis were actually committed by other arabs some good books about the conflicts can be found in any public library.
so before forming an opinion read some literature to back that opinion up!
:doh: By the definition Kathryn Kingsbury was using, she would have to condem the aliies in WW2 of terrorism -- Dresden, Tokyo and the A-bomb events. :puke:
In truth, terrorism is often forgiven by the world if the side that uses it wins.
Here is some more from the NY Post
by Zev Chafets
Turner's Wrong to Treat Mideast Foes as Equals
Talk about bad timing. Yesterday, Ted Turner tells Britain's The Guardian that Israel and the Palestinians are "terrorizing each other" in an unfair fight between a powerful military and poor people "who have nothing."
Within a few hours, Turner's heroic victims blow up an Israeli bus, killing mostly school kids. And not for the first time, Turner comes off sounding like an idiot.
That's not quite fair. Turner may be half nuts, but the CNN founder also happens to be more than half-right. Israelis and Arabs are, indeed, trying to terrorize one another. That this obvious observation is even controversial demonstrates how badly President Bush's euphemistic "war on terror" has degraded political language.
Terror — the threat or use of force to break a hostile population —has been the inescapable part of modern warfare since Sherman burned his way through Georgia. He and Lincoln terrorized the Confederacy into surrender. The Allied leaders terrorized Germany and Japan into capitulation.
Terrorism takes various forms. It can consist of Mau Mau warriors scaring the British out of Kenya with rifles and spears or the Soviet Union decomposing in the face of American nuclear terror that it could no longer plausibly balance. But it always paints a picture of disaster and invites the enemy to see it clearly — and behave accordingly.
That is what the Palestinians have done in the intifadeh — and what the Islamic terrorists did in declaring jihad on America. It is also at the heart of the Israeli invasions of the West Bank and the new American doctrine of preemption.
After Sept. 11, Turner described the hijackers as "brave." That comment, like his Palestinian pronunciamento, caused a stir. But Turner was right. Flying a plane into a building with premeditation is, indeed, an act of bravery. So is blowing yourself up on an Israeli school bus.
But bravery isn't the point. There were brave Nazis, too.
And parity isn't the point, either.
"The Palestinians are fighting with human suicide bombers, that's all they have," says Turner. Presumably, he would like Israel to reply by employing its own suicide bombers on Palestinian buses — and America to dispatch troops to fight the jihad on camelback. That's how baseball works — they knock down your pitcher, you knock down their pitcher.
But war isn't baseball. In real life, if you turn your sons and daughters into bean balls, you invite a Louisville Slugger upside the head.
That's human nature, and it is why Turner's assertion that Israel and the Palestinians are trying to terrorize one another is banal. The real issue — the one he ducks — is what they are doing it for.
The Palestinians are fighting for the eventual destruction of Israel. That's the open objective of Hamas and Islamic Jihad and the implicit meaning of Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat's demand for a "right of return." Just last week, a Palestinian poll was published showing that a clear majority of the Arabs in the West Bank and Gaza regards the extermination of Israel as the proper aim of the intifadeh.
Israel has other ideas. It is willing to accept a ceasefire followed by some form of Palestinian state in most of the occupied territories. But it is also willing — and properly so — to do whatever it takes to make the Palestinians stop blowing up buses. If that means terrorizing the enemy — or even being called a terrorist state by Ted Turner — well, that's the price of survival.
After all, war is hell. In fact, I think Sherman was in Atlanta when he said that.
luckydevil
According to Art it would be ok If Native Americans came into his him home and kicked him out because they had a longer claim over the land
Lets look at our history. Was this country not founded on the basis of terrorism. To the british we were the savages and the terrorists. The difference between a freedom fighter and a terrorist, one who you agree with and one you dont.
LD,
I don't think Art said quite that.
I think he was/is arguing that Israel's use of terror (targeting specific Muslim civilan areas - he would argue they they aren't doing this though) to deter further terrorism is not, by definition, terrorism.
I respectfully disagree with that opinion.
OPM you are completly missing the point one is a GOVERNMENT MAKING WAR ON ANOTHER GOVERNMENT THE OTHER IS A SMALL GROUP OF MADMEN WAGING WAR ON INNOCENTS.


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Transforming Books: Paper, Metamedia and Digitisation
Author: Andrew Lockett (University of Westminster)
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This review asks what a history of paper and a study of metamedia tell us about the paper v. digital debate reported in the media taking place within the trade book publishing industry just as figures reported in 2016 show that eBook sales are slowing and print is showing a very tiny recovery. Müller's book shows how paper was the 'old' digital, transformative, mythical even, whereas the rise of metamedial literature in Starre's book reflected a rise in interest in the material aspects of book objects (and control of) by authors as the vanilla incarnation of digital – the eBook – disappointed. As the mixed ecology of print and digital looks set to continue as both books argue, this review asks whether industry concentration and consolidation is becoming the lead story not ever increasing levels of digital activity.
White Magic: The Age of Paper*, Lothar Müller, Cambridge: Polity, 2015, ISBN: 978-0-7456-7253-3
Metamedia: American Book Fictions and Literary Print Culture after Digitization, Alexander Starre, Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 2015, ISBN: 978-1-60938-359-6
*First published in German in 2012 as Weiße Magie: Die Epoche des Papiers, München, Carl Hanser Verlag
Keywords: eBook, digital publishing, publishing, history of the book, Keywords: Paper
How to Cite:
Lockett, A., (2016) "Transforming Books: Paper, Metamedia and Digitisation", Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture 11(1), p.21-25. doi: https://doi.org/10.16997/wpcc.223
For well over a decade the trade book publishing industry has appeared to be travelling along a multi-lane one direction highway to 'digital', a destination (precise form unknown) equated with publishing success. The smart money and the high profile industry mantras were all going to be digital in the future, for both large and small companies. This narrative was variously proclaimed, sometimes feared, but mostly celebrated by true believers and the expedient. It entailed the dismantling of established industry structures, promised new dawns of narrative innovation and experimentation and the arrival of an era of unparalleled consumer sovereignty where 'content' would be delivered by the survivors of this disruptive turmoil of disintermediation instantaneously to everybody, everywhere. It would result in a customer experience so satisfying and endlessly adaptive that pirates would be nullified and trade book publishing would take its place as a bona fide member of the new media club. A bright future was on the horizon, but only for the digitally savvy business, versed in the habits of its readers, committed to (what in practice are) almost unachievably numerous and diverse distribution channels. Disruption in publishing circles was inevitable but endeavouring to manage the process was not all about smart technology as some claimed and was not entirely about replacing paper with bytes despite the rhetoric. This may have become a little clearer when something surprising happened in 2015 as The Guardian (Flood, 2016) reported the first drop in eBook sales for the 'Big Five' publishers in the UK market. A comparable figure in Publisher's Weekly, (Milliot, 2016a) for the USA showed a decline of 13 per cent. Shortly after the more conservative leaning UK news outlet The Telegraph (Furness, 2016) confirmed on 13 May that print sales in the same year had actually risen fractionally to '£2.76 billion in 2015 from £2.748 billion in 2014', still dwarfing digital sales that had fallen from £563 million in 2014 to £554 million in 2015. For the US it was the case that print sales had risen by around 2 per cent in two consecutive years (Milliot, 2016b). (Note these figures and the subsequent discussion relate to the trade sector and not the academic or educational publishing markets that have experienced different types of transformation.)
In different ways both Müller and Starre's books anticipate in their conclusions this temporary plateau in eBook sales, or a turning point if you are inclined towards a more dramatic interpretation. Müller's history of the role of paper publishing and printing declares with confidence that 'the paper age is not finished' (263). Starre's Metamedia on the other hand looks to the aesthetic potential of metamedial literature reflecting on, 'the possibilities of this ancient contraption of paper and ink, which has never appeared more modern than now' [Starre, 264, my itals]. Ours is a hybrid age. Though neither use the term each emphasizes the tangible physical properties of print, in what might be considered a materialist approach, with a small 'm'. Indeed it is true that with the gift market being a core element of the sales year, book publishers probably pay more attention to items like varnish, finish, trim, design, format and packaging than ever before.
Müller's engaging study takes the idea of paper's modernity one stage further by presenting digital as the new paper, paper as the old digital and still unvanquished at that. Those of us used to thinking of paper as a dead tree medium are taken back to a time when paper (then made from rags) was up against parchment and papyrus. When first introduced paper was in the process of, 'slipping into the gaps in communication systems, transmission media and governance techniques'. It solidified in the first wave of bureaucracy or what we might today call the 'audit society', and was mostly recycled from repurposed rags collected by an underclass, a practice that Müller tells us continued until midway through the nineteenth century. Müller quotes Paul Valery's justly famous refrain on the electrifying abilities of paper as a 'storage battery' and 'conductor' (xi). He notes (within the covers of a book on very white stock) how paper seemed transformed by the powers of bleach and classier typography into a whiter surface – the hue of modernity as Apple's designs have demonstrated once again. Paper was the medium of speed, globalisation, order, 'a precursor to digital in the analog world' (7). It was considered a technology of almost mythical power, a 'universal substance' (63). Historical practices like excerpting, double-entry book keeping, newspaper clippings, paper's umbilical link with the postal system (for which read email) offer numerous instances of a point, not overplayed in the book, that overall, 'certain aspects of paper-based letter culture only becomes apparent when viewed from the perspective of email and text-messaging' (Müller, 122) and vice versa. In this reading, enthusiasm for the digital echoes with the language of the technological sublime as that of paper before it. In practice there is and always have been overlapping technologies. As Müller says when speaking of newspapers, print and online, are not best thought of as opposites but, 'it would be more accurate to speak of different mixing ratios' (258). Such conclusions are somewhat hard won by the reader as the author's exposition is largely structured around the narrative history of institutions and even more via the closes of analysis of key texts from the literary canon at key moments by authors such as Cervantes, Defoe and Rabelais through to James Joyce and William Gaddis. While interpretations such as the discussion (86) of the symbolic significance of the blank page (a highlight of White Magic), are not without interest it is difficult to envisage students or scholars of the media absorbing all of these with relish. Correspondingly there is relatively little treatment of the book publishing or even printing industries beyond the mid nineteenth century and the transition to wood pulp, for example, arrives surprisingly late in the narrative which dwells on the pre-modern era and lacks some of the detail found in the author's explanation of how rags, made their way to became the raw material for the print surface – the paper – of the books of the day before technology rendered wood pulp economical (There is a parallel with the slow progress of computers here but in both cases the perceived need and desire to oust the older material, predated the reality). These caveats may not judge White Magic on its own terms, which is to revisit the general idea of the still lingering Gutenberg era and bind paper more centrally into the covers of a millennia-long history of overlapping communication technologies. In an excellent conclusion the author makes it very clear that this long, even epic, story of paper is to be continued.
Metamedia has a very different argument. Starre's book does not touch upon many aspects of the trade book publishing industry but is rather very concerned with its aesthetics, typography and production. His argument is that as a consequence of the digital revolution, 'American literature has begun to confront the unlikely amalgam of fixity, permanence and aesthetic flexibility embodied in its traditional paper container' (Starre, 7). He identifies a group of writers – notably Dave Eggers, Mark Danielewski and to a lesser extent Salvador Plascencia, Reif Larsen and Jonathan Safran Foer – that embody a trend whereby, 'unprecedented levels of bibliographical expressivity' (63) appear as a central feature of their works. For the reader there is the possibility of absorption, 'not merely in the narrative, but in the entire designed artefact' (172) Metamedia has nothing to do with metadata – the surrounding information and categorisation that underpin selling of many products (including books) in a digital space – the term it evokes on first reading. Its significance is rather that in Starre's words, 'A literary work becomes a metamedium once it uses specific devices to reflexively engage with the material medium to which it is affixed or in which it is displayed' (8). The practices of these writers are however linked to the market. With extreme attention paid to the material form of literary works, Starre suggests that the minute levels of awareness the books of his chosen authors draw to their own bibliographical codes are 'upping' their value, culturally and economically. It could be said that 'in a medial sense, one could thus claim, books canonize themselves' (Starre, 86). By taking control of the means of production – desktop publishing, printing, design – a writer/publisher like Eggers is also reasserting the autonomy of the literary system, resisting the lazy and generic design habits of the market with the end result being in this account not profit but 'beautiful things, in our hands' (Eggers' words, 87). It is difficult not to find this impulse and even Starre's understated enthusiasm for it rather hipsterish, the bibliographic equivalent of vinyl worship, but the author is aware of the paradoxes here. Starre does not disassociate himself from an aesthetic preference for complexity that for all the newly-enabled abilities of digital technology to enable authorial customisation and control in book production he dates back to Lawrence Sterne's Tristram Shandy, a major predecessor for writers in the growing modern metamedial canon he outlines.
Starre has an ongoing debate with the critic Sarah Brouillette who, following Bourdieu, he feels downplays the literary field's 'aesthetic interior' (Starre, 125) reflected in these metamedial texts. Thus in her reading of Eggers's work for example she does not see beyond the larger book industry world of capital and commodity production. Indeed, one of Metamedia's finest features is an ability to engage in such side-debates, for instance where he debates the paradox of the rise of ergodic fiction at the same time as the eBook reader that, 'affected the entire literary system precisely because it seemed so far from revolutionary' (Starre, 20). Like many, one suspects – as many in the industry do – he laments the lack of innovation in a system still geared towards the aesthetically and generically familiar and that is still seemingly ill-disposed to the possibilities of hypertext. He is still hopeful for new aesthetic forms that might either dissolve the boundaries between readers and writers via, as some have postulated, an 'emergent paradigm of collaboration' (171). As he notes however, the 'rapid obsolescence' of digital devices and the transferability of digital mark-up languages will continue to 'forestall localized electronic writing' (117) and the track record of book publishers to engage productively in the world of apps, games and digitally-driven media beyond licensing for it is patchy at best. Starre also notes that for all the love and labour of some extraordinarily productive and hard-working authors, 'no literary author can credibly claim to have a decisive say in the development of devices like the Kindle or the iPad … [that] pass over the head of novelists' (262). This is true and whilst Amazon's Kindle has given self-publishing a big shot in the arm, its dominant market share of ebook sales (over 90 per cent in the UK) raises questions over sustainability and whether the game is not so much about consumers needs, but rather stifling competition in every corner of the sector.
Returning to 2016's reversal of recent trends, do these two books suggest an industry – the production of long-form text content – that is both riven and fuelled by digitally driven creative disruption? Or rather one where paper still dominates, where the traditional gatekeepers, agents, editors, retailers, ably described by Thompson (2010) are still in place, and where the author-as-brand propels the marketing of titles (Brouillette, 2014) and in which big publishing and now big digital are stably dominant? The digital/print split may not be that big an issue in an environment where the big conglomerates always operate and lead in both channels. Amazon is the number one sales account for publishers of virtually any ilk in either channel. Self-publishing – in some respects a close relative to Starre's artisan authors – could offer a challenge to the publishing ecology but it is difficult to see beyond the Amazon behemoth already confirmed as the dominant route to market for self-propelled authors and even now extending its reach into its own physical book stores. Random House and Penguin's merger in 2013 was predicated on assembling a united force that might have the capacity not to have terms dictated to it by Amazon. So whether paper or digital, the most important future developments for books may turn out to be those that are substantially propelled by industry concentration in conventional political economy terms not the result of unforseen new digital technologies or the result of the paper v. digital struggle as we have so often been told. On the one side Amazon and, to an increasingly diminished extent, the likes of Apple and Kobo; on the other the 'Big Five' (Penguin Random House, Hachette, HarperCollins, Macmillan, Simon and Schuster) publishing conglomerates. This is a narrative largely of consolidation not revolution and opportunities increasingly shaped by corporatist agendas aimed at shaping market parameters and actively organising distribution chains for their benefit. If there is a counter-revolution driven by media then it has yet to surface or may even already be in retreat.
In their detailed accounts, Muller and Starre's work offers valuable ammunition to those who see a future for paper and see more continuities between the digital and paper eras for trade and literary publishing than disruptions. They both make a solid case that each offers unexplored angles for students of each to see the other afresh. Their reliance on literary case material yields many useful insights; it will be for others to fill out the picture with a fuller history of the wider publishing business ecology.
The author has no competing interests to declare.
S. Brouillette, (2014). Literature and the Creative Economy. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9780804789486.001.0001
A. Flood, (2016). Ebook sales falling for the first time, finds new report. The Guardian, Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/feb/03/ebook-sales-falling-for-the-first-time-finds-new-report (accessed 31 May 2016).
H. Furness, (2016). Books are back: Printed book sales rise for first time in four years as ebooks suffer decline. The Telegraph, Retrieved from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/12/books-are-back-printed-book-sales-rise-for-first-time-in-four-ye/ (accessed 31 May 2016).
J. Milliot, (2016a). BEA 2016: E-book sales fell 13% in 2015, Nielsen Reports. Publisher's Weekly, Retrieved from http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/bea/article/70350-bea-2016-e-book-sales-fell-13-in-2015-nielsen-reports.html (accessed 31 May 2016).
J. Milliot, (2016b). Print sales up again in 2015. Publisher's Weekly, Retrieved from http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/bookselling/article/69051-print-sales-up-again.html (accessed 31 May 2016).
J. B. Thompson, (2010). Merchants of Culture: The Publishing Business in the Twenty-First Century. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Volume 11 • Issue 1 • 2016
Editors: Dinara Tokbaeva (Guest Editor)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16997/wpcc.223
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Lockett, A. (2016) 'Transforming Books: Paper, Metamedia and Digitisation', Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture. 11(1) :21-25. doi: 10.16997/wpcc.223
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| ISSN: 1744-6716 | Published by University of Westminster Press |


Individual Chicken Potpies is rated 5.0 out of 5 by 4.
Potpies are an excellent way to use up leftover roast chicken. Here, the potpies come together quickly because the recipe calls for store-bought puff pastry. Be sure to choose a good-quality brand that includes real butter, and keep the pastry frozen until ready to use.
In a large saucepan over medium heat, melt the butter. Add the flour and cook, stirring constantly, until the mixture smells fragrant and nutty, 1 to 2 minutes. Slowly add the stock, whisking until smooth, and bring to a boil. Add the thyme, bay leaf, onions, celery, carrots and mushrooms and cook until the vegetables are tender, about 5 minutes. Add the potatoes, chicken, peas, salt and pepper and cook until the potatoes are tender, about 5 minutes. Remove from the heat and let cool for 5 minutes. Remove the bay leaf and discard.
Divide the filling among 4 ovenproof bowls and place on a baking sheet. Brush the puff pastry squares with the egg mixture. Brush the rims of the bowls with water. Place 1 pastry square on top of each bowl, pressing lightly on the edges. Bake until the pastry is puffed and golden brown, about 20 minutes. Let rest for 5 minutes before serving. Serves 4.
Rated 5 out of 5 by VivB from Fantastic recipe for leftovers! This is a fantastic recipe for leftover rotisserie chicken. It is an inexpensive family favorite that I make at least once per month during the cold months. The recipe yields 6 servings for my family which creates delicious leftovers during the work week. I highly recommend this recipe to friends and coworkers.
Rated 5 out of 5 by CharLo from ALWAYS A HIT Everytime I make this,its a home run. Everyone loves it, and the individual size is so much better. I usually make extra pieces puff pastry on the side, there is never enough on one pie.. Only change I make is to add extra seasoning..
Rated 5 out of 5 by Cathleen from Great recipe! I made this last night for dinner and we LOVED it! I poached chicken breasts in chicken stock and some fresh herbs then followed the rest of the recipe. Look forward to making it again!


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Where To Stay in France: Domaine Des Etangs, A Fairytale Hotel That Exceeds All Expectations
Rooksana Hossenally Contributor
Limousin, the countryside region of the great caramel-brown 'Limousine' cow, might not quite evoke the Mediterranean glitz of the French Riviera in the south, or the soul-stirring beauty of Brittany's rugged coastline, but this off-the-radar jaunt at the fairytale castle of Domaine des Etangs is well worth the trip deep into the French countryside a few hours south of Paris.
The Domaine des Etangs, a Small Luxury Hotel.
Here, in the middle of nowhere, flanking the pocket-sized village of Massignac, guests generally feel like they've discovered a veritable marvel that's a paragon of good taste, a secluded spot that's been left out of the guidebooks on purpose to preserve its unique atmosphere, and want to move in as soon as they pull up in the driveway – as did we.
As the gates separated upon our arrival, high honey-hued stone walls appeared, lined by perfectly pruned hedges crouching underneath elaborately chiselled stone windowsills that belonged to a sturdy and yet wholly unimposing 11th-century castle.
Nestling in 2,000 acres of sprawling meadows and farmland sprinkled with graceful grazing Limousines (the cow that is), the domain is known for its seven lakes or 'étangs' (which actually translates as ponds). A Small Luxury Hotel with a Michelin star restaurant and a spa that's second to none, it's a domain of highlights and an splendid example of the finest in French country living.
A family-run affair with just seven guestrooms, the castle, despite every space being immaculate, felt refreshingly unstaffed; as though we were handed the keys for the weekend and left free to explore every corner of the chateau's lavish rooms as we pleased.
The family holiday home of late French oil magnate Didier Primat, his daughter Garance Primat finished the eco-minded renovation her father had started and turned the castle into a sanctuary for visitors in need of rest and relaxation that's a much more subdued affair than the family's flashier Primaland resort in Virginia.
The Domaine des Etangs Massignac and its several lakes
Domaine des Etangs
Whimsy abound, the castle is a little like a giant curiosity cabinet tastefully put together by Garance Primat. Her sharp eye for detail and unrelenting love for nature transpires throughout, making the domain more of a home rather than your usual 5-star hotel.
Dotted about the place are dragonflies, the Domaine des Etangs emblem, in all forms from large hand-crafted artefacts to dainty little napkin-holders. A series of hyperrealist, photography of futuristic animals by French artist Vincent Fournier hangs around the grand marble neo-gothic staircase between the shared spaces and guestrooms named after the planets (the enormous Venus suite steals the show), a nod to the usual taxidermy found in castle staircases.
Domaine des Etangs, living area of the chateau.
Olivier Loser, Domaine des Etangs
In the living room, Victorian family portraits where the members wear red noses, hang on the walls with artworks by the masters like Picasso from Ms Primat's personal collection. And sleek handcrafted bespoke furniture by Parisian designer Isabel Stanislas, sprinkled across all rooms, invite guests to lounge about by the fireplace, reading and gazing out to the gardens and what has to be the smallest chapel in the world sitting by the water of one of the lakes.
The pièce de resistance though, is the library of all dreams with heaving bookshelves lining the walls all the way up to the ceiling from which hangs a mini solar system of planets. The room even comes with cozy window seats covered in a jumble of velvety cushions. But the highlights don't end there.
There's an indoor pool hiding downstairs in the basement with a wall of sliding doors that open onto the gardens and the main lake where a large outdoor pool and tennis courts hang over the water, looking out to a picturesque stone watermill.
Domaine des Etangs, the grounds and the picturesque waterwill.
There's also a fabulous spa, which comes with its very own rituals and products, tailor-made for the domain. The facial alone, unarguably the best we've had in our long history of massage-testing, will send you off into nirvana.
Domaine des Etangs, the bespoke spa is one of the best in the country.
As I mentioned above, the Domaine des Etangs is a retreat of highlights – every corner is worthy of an Instagram post, every facility of the highest standard. And I haven't even got to the food yet.
Dyades, awarded a Michelin star last year, is located in a stone outhouse with a terrace surrounded by wild gardens buzzing with bees and butterflies. The garden is strewn with deck chairs from which guests can survey the grounds and lakes, and fire pits are lit in the evenings.
Helmed by chef Fabien Beaufour and his team, the restaurant serves delicate vegetables from the organic kitchen garden (where over 140 plants and vegetables are grown) and fruit from the woods and orchards.
An ode to the local terroir, it's no exaggeration to say that every mouthful of the homemade soups and salads, local tender beef, cheese made on the farm, will transport you to the great outdoors. All served by smiling staff in blue denim salopettes, which takes the formality down a notch and continuing the homely feel the property is infused with.
Chef Fabien Baufour's fresh organic fare. Domaine des Etangs Massignac, France.
Dine out on the restaurant terrace, or ask for a picnic of sandwiches laid on home-baked bread and have them in a secluded spot out in the meadows – each guest has their own golf cart for whizzing around the domain – or ask for a set-up in the kitchen garden, or a dinner of meats and vegetables grilled over a fire out under a centuries-old tree in the woods. It's also possible to rent one of the rustic country cottages that are peppered across the grounds. With several bedrooms and fully-equipped kitchens, the cottages are the perfect option for families looking to get away to the middle of nowhere. The possibilities here are endless.
It's precisely in making every possibility pure perfection that the Domaine des Etangs excels at. And with an idyllic setting that brings to life the paintings of the great impressionists, the domain is a true lesson in good living that reinstates our connection to nature albeit in the most refined of surroundings.
It's rare that a hotel gets everything right, but the impeccable set-up at the Domaine des Etangs goes to prove that not only is it possible to get everything right but goes a step further, and is the proof that perfection is wholly tangible.
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A travel and culture writer from London but based in Paris, I have contributed to Forbes, The New York Times, The Guardian, BBC Travel, Condé Nast Traveller Magazine, W


So without further delay....I am joining Mel, Shay, and Sheaffer for What's Up Wednesday!!
Happy Tuesday Friends! Hope your week is off to a GREAT start!!
EEK!! I am so excited to share with y'all the goodies that I received from the Mom Summer Exchange!
Happy Tuesday Friends.... It is no secret that I LOVE to read. I LOVE to escape into a good book...or well my Kindle. I always hope that my kids would pick up my love of reading. Ella has really started to enjoy reading more since we started this Summer Reading Club! I'm not giving up on Ian just yet....maybe one day!
I hope you will grab our graphic and link up with us below!!
Grab our graphic and join us! Link up below!
Happy Friday!! Hope you guys had a great week! As usual, I am sharing our FAVORITES from this week!
It's hard to believe that my kids have been out of school for almost a MONTH. We have 7 more weeks of SUMMER and we are going to enjoy it to the FULLEST.
Here is our Summer Bucket List!
Happy Tuesday Friends!! I mentioned on Friday that I have been loving everything RED, WHITE, and BLUE! And with 4th of July in 3 weeks, I thought I would share my patriotic decorations!
As usual, I am going to share a few of our FAVORITES from this week!
Hello Book Nerds... I say that with lots of LOVE! I love reading and I hope and pray one of my children pick up my love of reading!!
It's time for the June edition of What We're Reading Wednesday.
I hope you will join us and share what you, your spouse, your kiddos, or whoever have read lately!!
Happy Tuesday Friends!! Hope your week is off to a great start!
Today, I am recapping our day at the World Golf Hall of Fame! If you do not have even the slightest interest in Golf...this will be the most boring post EVER!! However, for my guys, it was a dream come true.
On Tuesday, they played The King and Bear course. It is a course that was co-designed by Arnold Palmer and Jack Nicklaus. They were in heaven.
So Wednesday, we visited the World Golf Hall of Fame.
Hello Monday! Home Sweet Home! We love going on vacation, but we love coming home!! I missed you guys SO much! I have a lot of catching up to do in blog land. I promise to get caught up this week and read all your post from last week!
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