text:
Robbing the Dead: Is Organ Conscription Ethical?
Assessment Instructions: Robbing the Dead: Is Organ Conscription Ethical?
• Write a 2-3 page paper that examines the moral and ethical considerations of organ conscription policies and theories.
Scarcity of Medical Resources
For this assessment, you will continue your survey of ethical principles in health care. Especially in our contemporary world, where the needs for health care outstrip available resources, we regularly face decisions about who should get which resources.
There is a serious shortage of donor organs. Need vastly outstrips supply, due not only to medical advances related to organ transplantation but also because not enough people consent to be cadaveric donors (an organ donor who has already died). Munson (2014) points out that in the United States, approximately 10,000 patients die each year because an organ donor was not available, which is three times the number of people killed in the terrorist attacks on 9/11.
But what is an efficient and morally sound solution to this problem? The policy of presumed consent, where enacted, has scarcely increased supply, and other alternatives, such as allowing donors to sell their organs, raise strong moral objections. In light of this, some have advocated for a policy of conscription of cadaveric organs (Spital & Erin, 2002). This involves removing organs from the recently deceased without first obtaining the consent of the donor or his or her family. Proponents of this policy argue that conscription would not only vastly increase the number of available organs, and hence save many lives, but that it is also more efficient and less costly than policies requiring prior consent. Finally, because with a conscription policy all people would share the burden of providing organs after death and all would stand to benefit should the need arise, the policy is fair and just.
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:
• Competency 1: Articulate ethical issues in health care.
articulate the moral concerns surrounding a policy of organ conscription.
Articulate questions about the fairness and justness of organ conscription policy.
Explain the relevance and significance of the concept of consent as it pertains to organ donation.
Evaluate alternative policies for increasing available donor organs.
• Competency 5: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and respectful of the diversity, dignity, and integrity of others and is consistent with health care professionals.
Exhibit proficiency in clear and effective academic writing skills.
Munson, R. (2014). Intervention and reflection: basic issues in bioethics (concise ed.). Boston, MA: Wadsworth.
Spital, A., & Erin, C. (2002). Conscription of cadaveric organs for transplantation: Let's at least talk about it. American Journal of Kidney Disease, 39(3), 611–615.
Do you consider the policy of organ conscription to be morally sound?
Write a paper that answers this question, defending that answer with cogent moral reasoning and supporting your view with ethical theories or moral principles you take to be most relevant to the issue. In addition to reviewing the suggested resources, you are encouraged to locate additional resources in the Capella library, your public library, or authoritative online sites to provide additional support for your viewpoint. Be sure to weave and cite the resources throughout your work.
In your paper, address the following:
• On what grounds could one argue that consent is not ethically required for conscription of cadaveric organs? And on what grounds could one argue that consent is required?
• Is the policy truly just and fair, as supporters claim? Explain.
• Do you consider one of the alternative policies for increasing available donor organs that Munson discusses to be preferable to conscription? Explain why or why not.
• Written communication: Written communication is free of errors that detract from the overall message.
• APA formatting: Resources and citations are formatted according to current APA style and formatting guidelines.
• Length: 2–3 typed, double-spaced pages.
• Font and font-size: Times New Roman, 12 points.
The demand for organ transplantation outstrips supply with statistics showing that over 20 Americans die each day while waiting for an organ donation. The scarcity of organs means that there is a need for rationing, a strategy that many believe would enhance the availability of organs. With over 140,000 patients requiring organ transplants, the debate about ethical issues on organ conscription remains a controversial issue with many supporting the need for such laws while others oppose (Lewis et al., 2021). Conscription implies that people who die should donate their organs to save the lives of thousands that require transplants. Proponents assert that the advantages of organ conscription are more than individual decisions of donation (Levin, 2019). The decision of if this is right or wrong demonstrates ethical and moral dilemmas which form the basis of this paper. The paper advances that organ conscription is not ethical because it denies the demised individual inherent autonomy and consent rights.
Moral and Ethical Concerns
The almost-universal embracing of cadaveric organ donation is founded on express consent by a donor when not dead, either through an official voluntary opt-in or informal discussion based on the perceptions of the family. However, irrespective of the success of the current explicit consent about the transplantation models, the imbalance between the supply and demand continues to raise calls for the implementation of laws to validate presumed consent with facilities for opt-out as a way of increasing the availability of organs to meet demands (Rudge, 2018). Such organ conscription laws are not only unethical but raise concern about the possible trajectory that facilities and providers can take based on the thriving black market that exists today. The current opt-in system is ethical and moral because it implies that one must get consent from the individual or their family members before organs are removed and donated (Lewis et al., 2021). Having an opt-out system implies that consent is presumed and means that all people have the intent to donate organs when they die.
The realm of consent is an ethical aspect that cannot be ignored in this discussion. Retrieval of organs using conscription faces ethical hurdles since it bypasses consent to get organs from a deceased individual. The right to autonomy and consent does not end when one dies. That right should be respected despite the occasioned death. While having a conscription policy would help in meeting the rising demand, it will negate the essence of inherent dignity and respect for autonomy and consent by the dying individual and their next of kin (Munson, 2017). The policy would negate the individual's autonomy and relationship with his body
Fairness and Justness of Organ Transcription Policy
Having a national organ transcription policy may not be the best solution to the country's organ shortage problem. Nations like Spain, Australia and even Italy have an opt-out policy on organ conscription. However, they still face shortages in organ donations since the decision to donate one's organ when dead constitutes moral and ethical facets and not legal trajectory (Rudge, 2018). Each ten minutes an individual is added to the list requiring transplants of different organs with at least twenty individuals dying while waiting for an available organ. The implication is that consent remains a core aspect of an effective organ transplant policy.
Having a conscription policy would be unfair and unjust for the dead individuals and their families since they will not have the chance to accept if their kin's body and its organs should be separated (Prabhu, 2019). Such a policy amounts to the confiscation of organs with no consent from the deceased or the family. The implication is that policymakers must attempt to offer increased awareness about the current problem with emphasis that the donor reserves the right to give their organs based on effective information and informed consent.
Relevance and Significance of Consent related to Organ Donation
Consent is a critical aspect of expressing one's inherent human dignity and autonomy or independence. Through consent, potential organ donors make the choice and exercise their rights over their bodies. The ethical theory of natural law assumes that there is goodness in human beings (Prabhu, 2019). By giving these individuals autonomy, they can make the best decisions not just for themselves but for the positive impact on society. Utilitarianism implores individuals to make decisions based on the greater benefits to the majority. Therefore, allowing these individuals and their families to exercise consent would enable society to get organ donors that seek the good of society even after their demise. Lack of consent implies that the donors have no choice or option as humans. consent should not be presumed but obtained based on biomedical principles like autonomy, beneficence and justice (Prabhu, 2019). Further, religious beliefs should be respected as they form a critical part of any ethical and moral action in society.
Alternative Policies to Increase Availability of Donor Organs
The increasing availability of donor organs remains a challenge for the healthcare industries, even if one on board some of the policy alternatives discussed in research work by Munson and other researchers. While policies like Required Response Laws targeted mainly at drivers and Organ Protection before Consent model provide clear incentives for organ donation, they still raise ethical and even practice questions (Munson, 2017). For instance, the Organ Protection before Consent may lead to compromised care provision for individuals in ambulatory care so that their organs can be accessed, more critically without their consent (Munson, 2017). The best policy alternative is to enhance public awareness and education about the benefits of individuals accepting to donate their organs when they die, especially unexpected through accidents or other short illnesses. Public awareness from a utilitarian perspective may increase the readiness for one to donate their organs when they die.
Conscription policy on organ donation raises ethical and moral concerns and should not be implemented as it would amount to depriving the dead of their rights to their organs. The current policy of opting-in is sufficient despite the present shortage. The best way is to increase public awareness about the need to embrace organ donation when one dies as this will constitute consent and acceptance.
Levin, S. B. (2019). Why Organ Conscription Should Be off the Table: Extrapolation from
Heidegger's Being and Time. Sophia, 58(2), 153-174.
Lewis, A., Koukoura, A., Tsianos, G. I., Gargavanis, A. A., Nielsen, A. A., & Vassiliadis, E.
(2021). Organ donation in the US and Europe: The supply vs demand imbalance. Transplantation Reviews, 35(2), 100585. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trre.2020.100585.
Munson, R. (2017). Intervention and reflection: Basic issues in bioethics (concise ed.). Boston,
MA:Wadsworth
Prabhu, P. K. (2019). Is presumed consent an ethically acceptable way of obtaining organs for
transplant? Journal of the Intensive Care Society, 20(2), 92-97. https://doi.org/10.1177/1751143718777171
Rudge, C. J. (2018). Organ donation: opting in or opting out? The British Journal of General
Practice: The Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 68(667), 62–63.
https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp18X694445
Application: Taking a Stand
Classmate Response (2): Topic 8 DQ 2 -Application and interpretation of research data in Public health-
Nursing pathophysiology
Taking a Stand (Effective Ethical, Moral, and Legal Leadership)
Get an original writing on : Robbing the Dead: Is Organ Conscription Ethical?


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I welcome your full input into the music selection. Many couples leave the selection to my vast years of entertaining experience, but I certainly encourage you to choose as many songs that you would like to hear at your reception.
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Advanced Plastic Recycling
Alessia Gaspodini · Jun 22 2022
The United Nations warns that among all the billion tons of plastic that have been produced in the past 50 years only 9% have been recycled. Where did the rest go?
Unfortunately, there are now 5.25 trillion pieces of plastic in our oceans, covering almost 40% of their surface. With this being one of the most important challenges to face nowadays, businesses are investing in advanced recycling technologies (also called chemical recycling) that turn used plastics into new products that can be recycled multiple times. This accelerates the transition to a circular economy, cleaning the environment of tons of plastic waste for future generations.
The biodegradable plastic that can degrade in two years in a compost bin
Researchers at Kaunas University of Technology in Lithuania, Faculty of Chemical Technology, have developed a cellulose-based biodegradable, transparent plastic for food packaging that can decompose within a compost bin in just a few years.
"We are used to get sandwiches, snacks, pastries, sweets and many other products in a paper bag with a plastic window. With a clear window on the front face, the products in the bag can be viewed easily. Although paper is biologically degradable, it is complicated to separate paper from plastic, and the package is considered non-recyclable and non-compostable. However, if we made the window from biodegradable plastic, it could be composted. Moreover, we could even use the bag for collecting biodegradable waste and put all into the compost bin together", says project coordinator Dr Paulius Pavelas Danilovas.
The EU-funded MultiCycle project
The EU-funded MultiCycle project is developing an industrial recycling pilot plant that dissolves individual plastics from a multi-material feedstock using reusable solvents. "These are then recovered as solid recycled material suitable for making new, value-adding plastic products," adds Ana Maria Lopez from IRIS Technology Solutions in Spain, who is in charge of the project. The project is currently one of the most significant contributions to a European circular economy, which will aid in the support of a more environmentally friendly future lifestyle.
An enzyme able to consume PET (polyethylene terephthalate)
Texas, 2022: using machine learning, scientists are developing an enzyme able to digest polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the plastic used in single-use bottles, veggie packaging, and in some textiles, which accounts for 12% of all worldwide garbage. The enzyme is responsible both for depolymerization and repolymerization (meaning fragmenting the plastic and assembling it together) in less than 24 hours, normally.
"This work really demonstrates the power of bringing together different disciplines, from synthetic biology to chemical engineering to artificial intelligence," said team leader Andrew Ellington, professor at the Centre for Systems and Synthetic Biology.
The machine that turns recycled plastic into oil
In Swindon, southwest England, researchers at Recycling Technologies are using pyrolysis (the technology that heats organic materials without oxygen) to produce gas and oil from recycled plastics. The oil can then be sold to be used as fuel or to make more plastic again. Adrian Griffiths, the UK company's CEO, hopes to sell this product soon all over the world.
What's happening worldwide
The next-generation road
VolkerWessels UK, one of the world's leaders in the civil engineering and construction industry, launched the PlasticRoad project to make roads sustainable, clean our environment, and boost the circular economy. PlasticRoad is indeed more durable than conventional roads, 100% recyclable, and quicker to install (the first one was installed in 2018 in the Netherlands using 218,000 plastic cups, and it's today a 30-metre bicycle path).
Houses made of plastic waste
Builders in Canada are converting plastic into foam that hardens when cooled (and thus can be used to construct walls). Joel German and David Saulnier built a three-bedroom house in Nova Scotia using 600,00 plastic water bottles.
Lush is using PCR plastic in its packaging for the first time
The British cosmetics retailer Lush has been recognized by The Association of Plastics Recyclers for the first sustainable PCR packaging ever in the make-up world. The Lush Black Pot packages for cream and lotion are indeed entirely made of PCR (Post-Consumer Recycled) material (KWR621FDA and KWR621FDA-20 resins).
Adidas shoes made of recycled ocean plastic
As part of the Circular Loop production process, Adidas is creating shoes made of recycled ocean plastic, embracing the concept of Made To Be Remade (MTBR) to help reduce plastic waste in our oceans.
Colgate made a recyclable toothpaste tube
At the beginning of this year, Colgate released its green toothpaste tube made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), the material normally used for milk bottles. The goal is to increase brand awareness and "make toothpaste tubes a part of the circular economy".
TOP COMPANIES IN ADVANCED PLASTIC RECYCLING ARE:
TOP STARTUPS IN ADVANCED PLASTIC RECYCLING ARE:
Advanced recycling technologies are one of the key players that facilitate the implementation of the circular economy and are indeed one of the recent challenges at MCAM Growth Garage, the business accelerator program from our customer Mitsubishi Chemical Advanced Materials (MCAM). The winner of this year's Recycling Technology competition is Osayuki Osazuwa, from Jeosal Materials Research Corporation, Canada, who proposed a sustainable method of recycling and reusing fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) derived from end-of-life (EoL) material and production wastes. (More information here)
The circular economy plays a key role in sustainable development, as it helps to address global issues such as climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss. Here are, according to our InnovationGraph, the top categories related to circularity and the recycling industry to keep an eye on and accelerate this transition to a more environmentally friendly lifestyle:
However, things have gotten worse in the past few years. According to the Circularity Gap Report 2022, the global economy is only 8.6% circular (it was 12.8% 2 years ago before the pandemic). Indeed, only 20% of the world's waste, worth USD 63 billion per year, is collected and recycled under proper conditions; if this were increased, it would create 18 million green jobs by 2030.
"We must transform every element of our take-make-waste system: how we manage resources, how we make and use products, and what we do with the materials afterwards." - Ellen MacArthur Foundation, the charity committed to building a regenerative, restorative economy.
https://www.plasticmakers.org/advanced-recycling/
https://www.shiniusa.com/2019/06/28/innovations-happening-in-the-plastics-industry-right-now/
https://resource-recycling.com/plastics/2019/04/10/study-details-transformational-tech-in-plastics-recycling/
https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-21-105317
https://ec.europa.eu/research-and-innovation/en/projects/success-stories/all/innovative-recycling-tackles-complex-plastic-based-materials#:~:text=%E2%80%9CThe%20first%20is%20an%20innovative,value%2Dadding%20plastic%20products.%E2%80%9D
https://theconversation.com/how-plastic-eating-bacteria-actually-work-a-chemist-explains-95233#:~:text=In%202016%2C%20scientists%20from%20Japan,%2C%20polyethylene%20terephthalate%20(PET).
https://news.utexas.edu/2022/04/27/plastic-eating-enzyme-could-eliminate-billions-of-tons-of-landfill-waste/
https://www.plasticstoday.com/packaging/scientists-create-bioplastic-food-packaging-degrades-two-years
https://en.ktu.edu/news/lithuanian-scientists-created-bioplastic-for-food-packaging-which-degrades-in-a-couple-of-years/#:~:text=for%20foo...-,Lithuanian%20scientists%20created%20bioplastic%20for%20food%20packaging,in%20a%20couple%20of%20years&text=Group%20of%20scientists%20at%20Kaunas,in%20a%20couple%20of%20years.
https://biofabrik.com/wastx-plastic/
https://interestingengineering.com/japanese-invention-converts-plastic-into-oil
https://www.ft.com/content/0ce84a6c-77b4-4403-a8db-af296fcfff2c
https://www.popularmechanics.com/home/a28209163/recycled-water-bottle-house/
https://plasticroad.com/en/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/sep/13/a-road-full-of-bottlenecks-dutch-cycle-path-is-made-of-plastic-waste
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Drinking water supply schemes worth Rs 225 crore approved for Uttarakhand
Dehradun (Uttarakhand) | November 28, 2021 7:47:51 AM IST
Drinking water supply schemes worth Rs 225.24 Crore were approved for Uttarakhand in the State-level scheme sanctioning committee (SLSSC) meeting held on November 26, 2021, said a press release by the Ministry of Jal Shakti.
These schemes will provide tap water connections in 293 villages spread over seven districts of the State. Of the 12 water supply schemes sanctioned, 11 are multi-village and one is a single village scheme. It will provide tap water connection to over 19,000 rural households, added the press release.
Under Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM), there is a provision for the constitution of the State Level Scheme Sanctioning Committee (SLSSC) for consideration and approval of schemes to be taken up for making provision of tap water supply to rural households, added the press release.
The SLC acts as a State-level Committee to consider water supply schemes/ projects, and a nominee of the National Jal Jeevan Mission (NJJM), Government of India is a member of the committee, as per the statement.
To translate Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi's vision of ensuring clean tap water in every household and freeing women and girls from the drudgery of fetching water from a distance, the Mission, has released Rs. 360.95 Crore grant-in-aid to Uttarakhand during 2021-22. In 2019-20, Central Government had allocated Rs. 170.53 Crore for implementation of Jal Jeevan Mission.
This year, Union Minister Gajendra Singh Shekhawat allocated Rs. 1,443.80 Crore which is a four-fold increase from last year. Union Minister, Jal Shakti, while approving the four-fold increase assured full assistance to the State for making provision of tap water supply in every rural home by December 2022. (ANI)


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text:
1.1 Executive Summary
2 The Audience of Music
2.1 Seasonality Concentrated Demand
2.2 Entertainment Technology for Music Recordings
3 The Creation of Music
3.1 Market Players
3.2 Creators of Music
3.3 The Three Income Stream Model
3.4 The Royalty Gap
4 Market & Distribution
4.1 Live Music Markets
4.2 Recorded Music
4.2.1 CEEMID-CI Volume indexes
4.2.2 Typical income
4.2.3 Successful recordings' income
4.2.4 Summary
4.3 Collective Management
5 Music Export and Music Import
5.1 Cultural Tourism: Imported Audience
5.3 Exporting & Importing Recordings
5.4 Import and Regulatory Quotas
5.4.1 Conclusions and discussion points
6 Conclusions, Policy & Business Strategy Recommendations
6.1 Support Schemes for Developing the Music Scene
6.2 Industry Advocacy, Economic Impact and Taxation
6.3 Valuing Music
6.4 Private Copying
6.5 Algorithms & AI
Central European Music Industry Report 2020
Chapter 6 Conclusions, Policy & Business Strategy Recommendations
The initial motivation to create the CEEMID databases was the need to advocate for more favourable economic policies and regulation for music, and to decrease the royalty gap as defined in Chapter 3.4 between the Western and CEE regions of the EU Single Market with better pricing. This need has not changed: the royalty gap between East and West, North and South is large. There are new candidate countries where the situation is even worse. Recently business royalty payers increased their efforts to lobby for lower royalties and content prices. The value transfer is being groundlessly trivialised, and the 60-years-old private copying exemption is under threat in those countries where it would be most needed: in Czechia, Slovakia, the Baltic states and in the South. We believe that CEEMID can provide economic evidence in the national transposition process of the DSM directive, or during the discussions of local content quotas.
Our 5-year research programme has shown that most musicians work under much financial and regulatory uncertainty in the region in very precarious working conditions. Despite these difficulties, they have a calling that they follow passionately. Even though their material conditions are worse than the average of their country, they are usually more satisfied with their lives as the majority of the people where they live.
Figure 6.1: Relative income levels: difficulty of paying bills among musicians and the general population
We believe that industry representatives and policymakers should build on these positive sentiments to make the working environment in the Central and Eastern European creative industries more favourable. The music industry has far more potential to create new jobs, new tax base and high value added in the national economy than most industries preferred by national economic policymakers, but currently this potential is largely untapped.
Throughout Europe, national, regional and local governments subsidize cultural activities, practices, and cultural enterprises. In many CEE countries, such subsidies are almost exclusively targeted at the classical music scene, and some parts of the cultural infrastructure. In Austria, Hungary and Bulgaria a very high number of respondents applied for grants, and many of them were successful. On the other hand, in Lithuania and especially Armenia the success rate was (very) low.
Figure 6.2: Availability of Grants in Select Countries
The problem with many grants in the region is that the grant calls were either generally prepared for culture, or developed over years for classical music and jazz only. In some countries, there is no national granting for modern popular music. If some forms of corporate subsidies or local grants exist, the sponsors and granting agencies are not well informed about the needs of musicians. We hope that our Central European Music Industry Report, and the earlier Hungarian, Slovak reports helped to shape a more focused view on the popular music scene.
We recommend the use of our structured, 360-degree workshops to establish the strengths and weaknesses of a national granting system. This methodology takes into consideration all music professionals' views: not only the musicians, the manager, and the grant writer, but also the musician's technical staff including stage, lighting and sound engineers, the composers, the producers, the promotion/social media team, the band transporters. We usually try to make sure that at least 30-40 different roles are present. This is necessary to get a fair view of how live or recorded music is produced, what is available, what needs support, and what the pitfalls are. Unfortunately, in grant design, often only artists are asked, even though performances or recordings have obstacles much better known by technical professionals, engineers, or managers.
We are helping music granting authorities with ex ante and ex post indicators to make sure that they know what they want to change, and to measure if their grants have helped to achieve the required change.
Our detailed economic impact assessments have shown in Hungary and Slovakia11 that the music business is very unfavourably taxed. In several CEE countries it is very likely that the music sector is not a net recipient of subsidies but a net taxpayer. In fact, proportionally the music business pays far more taxes than manufacturing activities, such as car manufacturing, which is the preferred economic activity of the region.
While classical music and national folk music have long merited public support, jazz and popular music have been seen, correctly, as market activities. Their important role in keeping national culture relevant for new generations is a relatively novel idea in the region. These well-intended, but not always yet robust support schemes usually only represent a drop in the ocean of an otherwise unfavourable market situation. In the region, the available grants are often dwarfed by taxes payable, and we believe that music businesses should place less focus on lobbying for better grants and supports systems, and more for less unfavourable taxation for musicians and generally for creative activities.
A more focused industry cooperation may be necessary in the forthcoming modernization of the EU VAT regulation which will change the VAT levels and brackets. This could be a once-in-quarter century opportunity to argue for more just taxation of music in the whole European Union.12
A more focused industry cooperation may be necessary in the forthcoming modernization of the EU VAT regulation which will change the VAT levels and brackets. This could be a once-in-quarter century opportunity to argue for more just taxation of music in the whole European Union.
Economic impact assessments are crucial parts of public policy and advocacy reports on better taxation, or in the design of better creative industry strategies and economic policies. They are also often statutory requirements for EU grant calls or increasingly for national and municipal grant calls, for example, some granting authorities for large grants often want to trace the effect of the grant for up to five years.
Our methodology enables music and other creative stakeholders to create impact assessments for economic and cultural policy consultations. For example, in the Slovak national music industry report Správa o slovenskom hudobnom priemysle we showed the relative economic impact of car manufacturing and a music festival is similar in Slovakia, however, the music business creates a many times bigger tax base (Antal 2019b). A similar argument could be made in Hungary and Croatia where the tax treatment of music is one of the biggest obstacles to growth.
CEEMID made iotables, its data processing, integration and calculation tool for economic impact assessments, open source and available for peer-review and comparison with national statistics office calculations, for example, on value-added and employment multipliers13. The use of this software requires programming skills, an understanding of input-output economics and national accounts. We are currently looking for smaller users, such as concert halls, granting authorities or individual festivals to use our data, and to create tools such as web-based apps that can make this software more user-friendly, standardised, and can help smaller players who do not employ specialists to make their own impact assessments, which is often required by granting authorities for larger funding applications.
When CEEMID was founded, most of the CEE stakeholders had little or no experience in valuing their intellectual property and setting its prices. Over the years it turned out that this is not a regional phenomenon, but very typical for all smaller national market players even in mature markets. While copyright administration usually follows national jurisdictions, many prices are set outside of national markets, or the CEE region in the form of various agreements (for example, in the case of traditional mechanical licensing) or in the case of global digital platforms. The nationally set prices are often set by collective management organizations. These prices are differently regulated in the region, and often have not been changed since gaining national independence or transition to the market economy.
While all EU member states are participating in international agreements that regulate royalty setting principles, this international law does not create an unambiguous ex ante price regulation. Ex ante regulation means that prices are not freely set by music stakeholders, but there is a regulated procedure that creates clear prices before they are entering force in general terms and conditions. Certain state governments and legislation have created de facto ex ante price regulations in the region, for example in Hungary, Lithuania, Croatia, which is at least contentious in the light of higher level international and EU law, and in all cases, it is very difficult for rightsholders to work with. Such quasi-regulations politicize valuing music, and often give unfair advantage to politically better organized interest groups, such as IT manufacturers or the restaurant business.
However, in the absence of clear legal mandate for an ex ante price regulation, most price disputes go to competition authorities and special competition courts which have an EU-wide jurisdiction for ex post price reviews. Since competition law is directly applicable EU law, some cases are sent to the Court of the European Union for preliminary rulings. Because in the CEE region most music stakeholders have lower prices or revenues than would be justified, these procedures can create opportunities to decrease the royalty gap introduced in Chapter 3.4. However, competition policy is a double-edged sword. The proof of burden is very high, and litigation, which involves courts in both national capitals and in Luxembourg is very costly.
In our view, several legal precedents, which are binding now in all mature and emerging EU markets, were decided unfavourably for the music industry because of the weak evidence produced by music rightsholders.14 This jurisprudence was set out in the context of background music use in hotels, restaurants and catering, but may be applied to any licensed form of music. In these cases, the EU Court set out that royalty prices should be equal in the European single market, subject to objectively verifiable differences in social, cultural and economic conditions.]
Stakeholders in the creative and cultural sectors are micro-, small and medium enterprises, and often non-profit organizations who are lacking professional skills to fight a competition case. On the other hand, royalty payers are often large technology or media corporations who do have the expertise to enter price negotiations or competition disputes. Because the ex post nature competition disputes result only in downward price modification, the fact that competition law applies already starts a downward spiral in prices.
CEEMID has been used in competition cases, but we believe that the music industry should be more proactive, and not only react to such reviews, because they by nature can only decrease royalties. Another common problem is that in the absence of own valuations, stakeholders, if challenged in a competition court, usually rely on a comparison of market prices in the Single Market. While this is an accepted type of evidence in such cases, it brings no new information into the disputes, and it is free-riding in the few original valuations created by a handful of organizations. The current, one-sided application of competition law is a recipe for disaster, and will lead to a race to the bottom. This is not only a threat in the less developed markets, where usually both royalty levels and total royalty collections are very low, but in the richer markets like Austria, or even France, Denmark and Germany. Because of the methodologies adopted by the EU Court, royalty levels are compared across the EU and unjustified differences can be leveled out by the Courts.
The only way to close the royalty gap is to increase enforcement and increase prices. This requires investment into own, independent pricing capacities, that not only show that in an international comparison a certain price is not unlawfully high, but which also reveals if the value of music has increased in a certain use. As music stakeholders tend to be small in the region, they usually do not have human resources and financial capacities to build out financial analysis or economic analysis competences. The original idea behind CEEMID was to pool data and methodology resources and help stakeholders. CEEMID and Consolidated Independent has initiated national research consortia that aim at creating independent valuations.
There are several methods of counteraction by the music industry, but all require significant investments into data, economic and competition skills, and international cooperation among stakeholders. This is why we believe that making CEEMID open source, as a beta version of the planned European Music Observatory, would benefit the whole industry in a challenging decade. Our data in the past 5 years were used all pricing methods reviewed by IFPI's public Valuing music document (PwC 2008).
We used the hedonic price method to review and correct tariffs for restaurants and hotels, instead of relying only on international comparison in Hungary and Slovakia;
A complex market comparator model to value broadcasting rights and private copying in Hungary and Croatia;
We used experimental methods in disputed public performance payments in Hungary;
We used hypothetical evaluations when no other data was available in Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia.
Our valuations must follow the international fair valuation principle, and must rely on objective data15. In valuations we commission surveys and collect data following Eurostat's ESSNet technical recommendations, whenever applicable.
Private copying has been a very important way of spreading recorded music, books and audiovisual works in the last 60 years, and when lawfully compensated, it remains a very important source of revenue for artists, composers, writers, film writers and performers. According to our empirical research conducted in several countries, the value of private copying is far bigger these days than when most CEE private copying remuneration mechanisms were set up.
In all countries of the region, large device manufacturers and media platforms are allying with various libertarian and pirate activist groups to campaign for abolishing or lowering the private copying levies. On the other hand, according to our research, in many countries of the region it should be increased by 100-1000%, because in the absence of willingness and ability to buy content online, the private copying exemption is widely used by households.
Figure 6.3: Percentage of Online Purchasers Paying for Music or Film
As opposed to licensed music sales, where the music stakeholders have market knowledge and data to set royalty levels, devise sales strategies and monitor use, in private copying this is not the case. The private copying exemption was created first in Germany and later throughout the EU and other countries because the representatives of rightsholders' would not be able to collect remuneration without infringing the privacy of households.
To set the level of private copying to an adequate level, home copying must be measured with the use of anonymous and representative household surveys, and such survey data must be integrated with other relevant data to set the appropriate price level. We work together with respected polling companies and use carefully adopted, standardized EU surveys following the Eurostat-ESSNet guidelines16 to create inputs for our economic models and to create hard-to-refute evidence for litigation.
Figure 6.4: The Full Market Model to Set Prices for Private Copying, Value Transfer or Broadcasting, Randomized Excerpt from Our Hungarian Model
CEEMID data were used in the modernization of the Hungarian, Slovak and Croatian private copying schemes. While most of this work is business confidential, the less detailed Private Copying in Croatia17 gives a public glimpse into our approach and methodology.
The national adoption of the DSM Directive creates a unique opportunity to review and modernize the copyright administration laws of all EU countries. This would create a good opportunity to create new private copying remuneration systems in Bulgaria and Slovenia, where there are no workable systems in place, or replace the under-performing schemes in the Baltic countries. It would also offer a good opportunity to review the two examples where member states have opted to abolish private copying levies and promised to provide rightsholders with adequate compensation from general tax revenues.
Most music is sold in the world by automated 'robot' programs using algorithms. Without a thorough understanding of the working concepts behind the buzzwords of 'big data' or 'artificial intelligence' it is impossible to create workable sales strategies for recordings, particularly for exporting purposes. Machine learning and algorithms are playing an increasing role in the programming of large music festivals or planning international tours in live music, too.
Digital streaming is provided by global players who are usually present in all mature and emerging markets, and often even in very early, fledgling future markets. This has increased repertoire competition in the national markets 1000 times. Understanding market dynamics or following releases is impossible for talent managers, music journalists or radio editors without 'artificial intelligence' tools.
Streaming platforms are the most important platforms for 'clean' music streams, but because of their strong technology and business model, they are increasingly taking over mixed, spoken word and music programmes, that were traditionally dominated by radio and, in the audiovisual world, by television. The strongest radio content providers, such as the public broadcasters of the United Kingdom, the United States or Australia, are successfully expanding the audience of their radio programmes to a global level. As Netflix and YouTube are increasing their market share versus traditional and cable television, podcasts are replacing the broadcast versions of radio programmes.
In the last century, the most important music platform was radio, which was often subject to the explicit regulation of local content quotas, and by the local gatekeeper activity of music journalists and radio editors. National, regional and local radio providers played a crucial role in communicating new music to a large audience. As the radio audience is migrating towards streaming platforms, and the most valuable radio programmes are becoming podcasts, these measures need to be modernized. Our music circulation indicators and indexes were designed to foster a meaningful policy discussion on local music content regulations and support schemes.
Most music stakeholders, even on the level of national, representative bodies, are too small to successfully train algorithms, which puts small nation repertoires at a new disadvantage versus major labels and large nations. They need large, consolidated data assets and the most up-to-date know-how to successfully create sales strategies, to adopt good sales and granting goals, and to become partners of the premiere radio and audiovisual content creators to find new uses for their music.
CEEMID is driven by the principle of data integration. We have been building regional cooperation since 2014 to reach critical data masses and make emerging European markets more competitive. CEEMID has teamed up with Consolidated Independent, a leading technology platform for independent music, to create large enough data assets for creating models and algorithms for smaller European national repertoires, and we have started to initiate open, national research consortia to build innovative tools to promote these national repertoires. We hope to bring these efforts to an EU level in the coming years.
Antal, Daniel. 2019b. "Správa o slovenskom hudobnom priemysle." https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/V3BE9.
PwC. 2008. "Valuing the Use of Recorded Music." IFPI PricewaterhouseCoopers. http://www.ifpi.org/content/library/valuing_the_use_of_recorded_music.pdf.
In the bibliography see Antal (2015a); Antal (2019b)↩
On this important policy topic, refer to the thematic website of the European Parliament or the European Commission↩
In the bibliography see Antal (2018)↩
Probably the most important, EU-wide applicable royalty setting precedents were set in the CEE region in AKKA/LAA vs Konkurences padome and Léčebné lázně Mariánské Lázně v OSA↩
The Commission Regulation (EU) No 1255/2012 adopted into EU law the International Financial Reporting Fair Value Measurement Standard, which must be used in all EU member states.↩
Bína, Vladimir et al. (2012)↩
In the bibliography see Antal (2019a)↩


text:
"""
    Author: Jon Ander Gomez Adrian (jon@dsic.upv.es, http://personales.upv.es/jon)
    Version: 2.0
    Date: June 2016
    Universitat Politecnica de Valencia
    Technical University of Valencia TU.VLC

    Python file for defining the classes contained in this directory as a package.
    This package will be referenced with the name of the directory.

    Importing this package the classes enumerated bellow are imported automatically.

"""

from . import generate_datasets
#from .KMeans import KMeans
from .GMM import GMM
from .MLE import MLE
from .MyKernel import MyKernel
from .MyKernelClassifier import MyKernelClassifier
from .BallTree import BallTree
from .MyKMeans import KMeans, kmeans_load
from .MyGaussian import MyGaussian
from .LinearDiscriminant import LinearDiscriminant
from .gmm_classifier import GMM_classifier

__all__ = ['KMeans', 'kmeans_load', 'GMM', 'MLE', 'GMM_classifier', 'MyKernel', 'BallTree', 'MyKernelClassifier', 'MyGausian', 'LinearDiscriminant', 'generate_datasets']

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
#include "Iop_Module.h"
#include "ArgumentIterator.h"

namespace Iop
{
	class CIoman;

	class CStdio : public CModule
	{
	public:
						CStdio(uint8*, CIoman&);
		virtual			~CStdio();

		std::string		GetId() const override;
		std::string		GetFunctionName(unsigned int) const override;
		void			Invoke(CMIPS&, unsigned int) override;

		void			__printf(CMIPS&);
		std::string		PrintFormatted(const char*, CArgumentIterator&);

	private:
		uint8*			m_ram;
		CIoman&			m_ioman;
	};

	typedef std::shared_ptr<CStdio> StdioPtr;
}


text:
Kate Beckinsale >
Kate Beckinsale Sends Her Daughter Naked Pictures Of Ex...
Kate Beckinsale Sends Her Daughter Naked Pictures Of Ex Michael Sheen To Cheer Her Up
By Ed Biggs in Lifestyle / Showbiz on 16 June 2016
Follow Kate Beckinsale
Kate Beckinsale Michael Sheen
Beckinsale and Sheen had a daughter, Lily Mo, in 1999 - and she sometimes sends her amusing pictures of her father to cheer her up.
Kate Beckinsale has a really strange way of cheering up her daughter – she sends her a naked photo of her ex-boyfriend (and her daughter's father) Michael Sheen. Okay then (!)
Beckinsale and Sheen dated for eight years between 1995 and 2003, during which time they welcomed their daughter Lily Mo, now 17 years old, in 1999. Although they split, they have remained friends since.
The 42 year old actress made the startling revelation during an appearance earlier this week on Conan O'Brien's chat show.
Kate Beckinsale made the startling revelation on Conan O'Brien's show
"You made that sound creepy," Beckinsale laughed in response when Conan brought up the rather odd rumour. "My daughter and I are both from the school where we find a naked man very funny under the right circumstances."
More: Kate Beckinsale says she didn't fit Michael Bay's 'type' when cast in 'Pearl Harbour'
"There's a funny picture of him in a very good show that he did, in which he was brilliant, but they have a still of him getting out of a bathtub naked, with a quite military face and stance," she explained. "If I sense she's feeling low I'll think, 'You know what, she could use Mike in the bath'."
The picture in question comes from the 2006 BBC Four television play 'Kenneth Williams: Fantabulosa!' in which Sheen starred as the English comic actor.
Always a baby to me #Lily -- See more tonight on the @latelateshow ?
A photo posted by Kate Beckinsale (@katebeckinsale) on May 17, 2016 at 4:22pm PDT
There's no doubt that she and Michael are still close and supportive of each other – last month, they re-created the moment their daughter was born in an Instagram 'then and now' shot – but one presumes that Sheen knew about this before this week!
Beckinsale, famous for her role in 2003's Underworld and a number of action/fantasy movies since, appeared on 'Conan' to promote her new movie Love and Friendship, a comedy adapted from Jane Austen's novel 'Lady Susan'.
More: Kate Beckinsale and Michael Sheen re-create daughter's birth shot
Kate Beckinsale and Pete Davidson are 'over'
Kate Beckinsale and Pete Davidson's romance 'fizzles out'
Kate Beckinsale to star in Jolt
Kate Beckinsale's changing priorities
Kate Beckinsale: Motherhood stopped me from having acting plan
Kate Beckinsale keeps dad Richard's memory alive with classic sitcom clips
Kate Beckinsale returns to Instagram days after deleting all her posts
Kate Beckinsale 'shocked' people care about Pete Davidson age gap
Kate Beckinsale deletes all her Instagram posts
Kate Beckinsale marks anniversary of father's death
Kate Beckinsale recalls miserable Disneyland date
Kate Beckinsale was a 'monster' in hospital
Kate Beckinsale 'always laughing' with Pete Davidson
Pete Davidson not bothered by age gap
The Only Living Boy In New York [2017] Trailer
Thomas is feeling disillusioned by the bright city lights of New York following his college...
Underworld: Blood Wars Trailer
Vampire death dealer Selene has been fighting for survival for years against the vampire faction...
The Disappointments Room Trailer
After the tragic loss of their daughter, Dana and David move with their son to...
Love and Friendship Trailer
Lady Susan has a reputation that precedes her. She's a professional flirt who men flock...
Love & Friendship Movie Review
Acclaimed filmmaker Whit Stillman reunites the stars of his 1998 drama The Last Days of...
Absolutely Anything Movie Review
Simon Pegg continues his rollercoaster career, alternating between superior blockbuster franchises (Mission: Impossible and Star...
Absolutely Anything Trailer
If you could change absolutely anything in the world, what would it be? This is...
Stonehearst Asylum Movie Review
An arch approach makes this bonkers thriller rather enjoyable, even if it never quite cracks...
The Face of an Angel Movie Review
By taking a fictionalised approach to the Meredith Kercher murder case in Italy, filmmaker Michael...
The Face of an Angel Trailer
In 2007, a young British student was brutally sexually assaulted and murdered in the room...


Financial investors seem to think the UK will settle easily into a new deal with the European Union. More likely there will be cabinet wrangles, tortuous negotiations with the EU, and an unsatisfactory conclusion.
The pound has suffered since Britain voted to quit the EU, falling 12 percent against the dollar. But stock markets have regained their poise.
The FTSE 100 is up 8 percent meaning that, even in dollar terms, it isn't down that much. Even the more domestically-focused FTSE250 index of mid-cap companies has pretty much recouped all its post-Brexit losses.
Although the UK economy grew 0.6 percent in the second quarter, more up-to-date indicators are worrying. Retail sales suffered their sharpest fall in sales in four years, the Confederation of British Industry says manufacturers are more pessimistic than at any time since 2009, and the purchasing managers' index has fallen to its lowest since early 2009.
In other words, the views of the stock market and those of the real economy aren't in synch. Businesses are probably more on the ball. Consider the following.
Theresa May will struggle to get her cabinet to agree to a common line on what Brexit means. Although the prime minister campaigned to stay in the EU, she won't find it easy to get the government to line up behind so-called "soft Brexit" – a deal that would allow Britain to retain reasonably good access to the single market, which is responsible for almost half its trade.
The reason is that Brussels will almost certainly insist, as a quid pro quo, that the UK continues to allow EU citizens to settle freely in Britain. That is anathema to many "hard Brexiteers" – including the ministers May has chosen to lead the divorce process as well as many lawmakers from her Conservative Party and supporters in the country.
It's not clear how the prime minister will resolve this division at the heart of her government. But it will probably take many months and lots of arguments before she thrashes out a common position.
That's one reason why May won't trigger Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty, opening formal divorce negotiations, until next year. Another is that she also needs to consult far and wide – listening not just to parliament but also to Scotland and Northern Ireland, both of which voted to stay in the EU and could be destabilised by Brexit.
In the meantime, the prime minister will find it hard to get a clear steer from the EU over what sort of deal it is prepared to offer. Brussels has said there will be "no negotiation before notification" under Article 50, even if that doesn't stop informal talks.
Some officials think May won't be ready to press the Article 50 button until around March of next year. But even then negotiations won't begin in earnest because France will be heading into presidential elections and Germany's general election will follow after the summer break.
Given rising euroscepticism, neither government will want to offer Britain any concessions until after these votes. There's not much May can do to hurry them along either. If she has taken time to set out her negotiating position, the EU could reasonably say it needs many months to figure out its response which, after all, needs to be coordinated among 27 different countries.
When the talks finally get serious, probably in the final quarter of 2017, May will face another problem. There are actually two separate processes: quitting the EU and agreeing a new trading deal.
Brussels is currently insisting that the first process, which is supposed to last two years, must be finished before the second can start. It may relent on that view. But even then, few experts think the new deal could be completed in two years.
So the UK would probably leave the EU in, say, 2019 without a long-term trade arrangement. If it then had to fall back on its membership of the World Trade Organization, which does virtually nothing to open up trade in services, the economy would be badly hit.
Admittedly, there might be alternatives. One is that Britain might be able to stay in the single market for several years after leaving the EU while it negotiated a new long-term deal. But it would be hard for May to secure such a deal and, even if she could, it wouldn't be cost-free.
Meanwhile, the UK couldn't just gallivant around the world cutting trade deals with other countries. Trade deals interact with one another in a complex cat's cradle-like structure. So it makes sense for Britain to finalise its arrangements with its prime trade partner, the EU, before nailing down other smaller deals. That's what the top US trade negotiator, Michael Froman, seems to have told the UK's international trade minister, Liam Fox, this week.
As financial investors come to grips with all this complexity, they may start to become as pessimistic as real businesses.


Jamie and Katie were spotted holding hands on the beach.
Big celebs are set to appear on Bun B's upcoming telethon.
Showtime has announced fall premiere dates for its new half-hour comedy series 'White Famous'.
The funnyman got in some yuks aimed at Nicki's ex.
Jamie Foxx and Katie Holmes Photographed on a Date?
The alleged boos were were photographed by a fan.
A mini-series about legendary singer Marvin Gaye is on the way.
Verizon Wireless released their newest ad featuring their pitchman Jamie Foxx.
The actor/comedian perfectly spoofs Future Hendrix in new ad.


text:
namespace {
using namespace bsoncxx;
using namespace mongocxx;

using bsoncxx::builder::basic::kvp;

TEST_CASE("options::gridfs::upload accessors/mutators", "[options::gridfs::upload]") {
    instance::current();

    options::gridfs::upload upload_options;

    auto document = builder::basic::make_document(kvp("foo", 1));

    CHECK_OPTIONAL_ARGUMENT(upload_options, chunk_size_bytes, 100);
    CHECK_OPTIONAL_ARGUMENT(upload_options, metadata, document.view());
}
}  // namespace


text:
Battle For the Iron Skillet Football Game – SMU Mustangs Versus Texas Christian University (TCU)
The Battle for the Iron Skillet is the moniker given to the yearly football match-up that pits the Southern Methodist University (SMU for short) Mustangs against the Texas Christian University (TCU for short) Horned Frogs. The competition for these universities is a characteristic one thinking about that the two grounds are a simple 40 miles separated in the territory of Texas.
Since 1915 SMU and TCU have played each other in everything except six football seasons regardless of not being in the very meeting for observable parts of that time. Today Texas Christian University plays in the Mountain West Conference close by intense contest in schools like the University of Utah and Brigham Young University (BYU) while SMU plays in Conference USA which brags the University Houston and Central Florida among the top football schools in the meeting.
Regardless of being in various football meetings TCU and SMU are share a couple of things practically speaking. Boss among these likenesses is that the two schools are situated in the more noteworthy Dallas-Fort Worth region and the two universities are private Christian schools. บอลยูฟ่า ช่องไหน Besides the two colleges have comparative estimated understudy bodies with complete enlistments of around 8,700 and 10,700 for TCU and SMU individually.
Strangely, there is no authority record of precisely why this yearly framework iron matchup is alluded to as the Battle for the Iron Skillet. As is frequently the situation with old stories without truth there is theory. School football antiquarians date the beginning of the Battle for the Iron Skillet name to the 1950s (despite the fact that these two schools have been playing each other in football since 1915). Rumors from far and wide suggest that before a 1950s straight on gathering between Texas Christian University and Southern Methodist University a devotee of the SMU program was cooking frog legs as a strategy for deriding the Horned Frogs group that his school was playing that day. The story proceeds with that a glad TCU fan moved toward the SMU ally with the skillet of frog legs and the TCU fan expressed that cooking the frog legs was too outrageous and that the two restricting fans should let the last score of the game choose who will return home with the frog legs and the skillet.
Today the incredible story of the underlying showdown over the skillet of frog legs has developed into an undeniable voyaging prize. The cutting edge Iron Skillet Trophy appears as though a huge brilliant griddle with a short handle. Within the prize is a dark plaque that peruses, "THE SKILLET – SMU versus TCU – A Tradition Since 1915."
Despite the fact that the Southern Methodist University Mustangs revitalized off a fifteen game series of wins in the straight on contest from 1972 through 1986 the Horned Frogs actually hold a thin 41-39-7 series lead.
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BUFFY WICKS
Assemblymember, District 15
Wicks Takes Oath as Newest Assemblymember for 15th District
(SACRAMENTO) - Buffy Wicks (D-Oakland) took the oath of office to serve as the Assemblymember for the 15th Assembly District today in a special ceremony at the California State Capitol. The oath was administered by Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon. The 15th Assembly district incorporates the communities in and around North Oakland, Piedmont, Emeryville, Berkeley, Albany, Richmond, Kensington, El Cerrito, San Pablo, El Sobrante, Giant, Pinole and Hercules.
"I am deeply honored to represent the 15th Assembly District in Sacramento," said Buffy. "AD15 is an incredibly diverse and progressive community and I am committed to delivering on our shared priorities: tackling our housing crisis with smart policy that will support all East Bay residents, bringing more funding to our public schools, confronting homelessness, fighting for healthcare for all and leading the nation with bold environmental policies."
Buffy Wicks is a grassroots organizer with over twenty years of experience bringing communities together to create change. She was one of the architect's of President Obama's grassroots organizing efforts. She also President Obama in the White House including helping to lead the fight for health care reform. Prior to her work with President Obama, Buffy fought for better wages for Walmart workers and led protests against the Iraq War. Prior to running for office, she championed an effort to organize parents across California, advocating for better policies for California's children. She lives in Oakland with her husband Peter (a gun violence prevention advocate who leads Giffords: Courage to Fight Gun Violence, the organization founded by Gabby Giffords and her husband Mark Kelly) and her daughter Josephine ("Jojo").
Buffy won a decisive victory in the 2018 15th Assembly District race with an extraordinary organizing campaign.The campaign began its house party program in July 2017, and by Election Day hosted 239 'listen seasons' in living rooms across the district. Through these conversations, Buffy developed and communicated a vision focused on attacking the housing shortage and homelessness crisis head-on, addressing regional transportation and transit challenges, increasing funding public schools, supporting universal pre-k and affordable childcare, and preventing gun violence.
Privacy and Conditions of Use | Accessibility | General Disclaimer | © 2019 California State Assembly Democratic Caucus


The police force of 44 officers answers approximately 16,000 service calls per year. The force includes a Special Operations Division which includes a Criminal Investigations (Detective) Division and Patrol Division which includes a K-9 Unit. Click here to view the requirements for position of Municipality of Monroeville Police Officer.
The rank structure consists of one Chief of Police, sergeants and corporals, in addition to patrolmen.
What To Do When Stopped By Police... Allegheny County Chiefs of Police Association provide informative pamphlet on what to do when the Police stop you. Click here to download.
Concealed Carry Reciprocity information on PA Attorney General's website...to find out which states allow concealed carry reciprocity, click here.
Unused medication disposal is now available at the Monroeville Municipal Building (rear entrance), 2700 Monroeville Blvd. The collection box shown above will be permanently located in the Police Department lobby and will accept all unused medications.
Stats page...to see the number of calls and what type the Monroeville Dispatch Center receives each month, click here.


For numerous further operating processes (e.g. the machining of the edge and the surface) the strip must be flat and straight.
Edge bow, coil set and waviness must be adjusted to allow downstream operation to process optimally. Julius provides different series for levelling, calibrating and cleaning metal strips. All machines can be integrated into existing lines and be retrofitted at any time.
The flat levelling machine of the series DR is used for slight levelling of strip material. It reduces the waviness of the strip and removes the coil set.
The aperture roller of the series FW is used to calibrate the strip thickness with an accuracy of ± 0.005 mm (0.0002″).
The vertical levelling machine of the series HDR eliminates the edge bow of strips. It is designed for narrow strips with a corresponding thickness/width ratio.


There's a new addition to the much-loved Yale Lockmaster range at Window Ware – a new, versatile AutoEngage multi-point locking system that delivers class-leading security suitable for most composite door configurations including heritage or contemporary doors with either key or lever operated exit.
Yale's Lockmaster AutoEngage door lock leaves no grey area when it comes to security! As soon as the door is shut, multiple security latches are fired automatically from independent trigger points and achieve 20mm engagement. That's pretty formidable levels of protection and increased peace of mind for the homeowner without even having to lift the handle! Once shut, the door can be then fully secured by simply turning the key to engage the centre deadbolt and deadlock all the locking points.
The engineers at Yale have designed the Lockmaster AutoEngage to be supremely flexible. The non-handed adaptable gearbox suits both left- and right-handed opening as well as key or lever operation to give maximum usage with minimal stockholding. There's a classic variant with a centrally-located gearbox that suits most modern doors as well as a heritage option with a raised gearbox that's perfectly suited to more traditional non-lever door styles commonly found on town houses and period properties.
As far as security performance and long-lasting reliability goes, Yale's AutoEngage comes with all the customary Lockmaster assurances. Tested to PAS 24: 2016 and Secured by Design certified, this multipoint lock offers effective crime protection. What's more, it's also designed to be highly tolerant and deliver optimum seal compression to prevent gaps or bowing. AutoEngage locks are also corrosion resistant to BS EN 1670:2008 Grade 4 (240 hours salt spray) and tested to 100,000 cycles with a 10-year mechanical guarantee, promising years of trouble-free operation.
The Yale Lockmaster AutoEngage multipoint door lock is available from Window Ware now. Go to our product pages to browse and buy at discounted trade prices or speak to the sales team on 01234 242724 to find out more and request quote.


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Q: Understanding For Loops I'm trying out a for loop. I added an if statement to stop the loop once it reaches 30.
I have seen that i <= 10 will run 11 times,  since the loop will still run when it reaches 10.
Why does the  code below run 11 times (first print line) if there is an if statement that sets i back to 0 when it reaches 10? Shouldn't it only print 10 asterisks instead of 11 - since it never reaches the 11th loop? Also, the second if sets i back to 10, which should let the loop run one more time, through the first if, which would and then set the i back to 0?
int j = 0;
for (int i = 0; i <= 10; i++)
{
    Console.Write("*");
    if (i == 10)
    {
        j++;
        Console.WriteLine("");
        i = 0;
     }
     if (j == 30)
     {
         i = 10;
     }
 }

A: On the first loop, the line has 11 stars, because i iterates from 0 through 10, which is a total of 11 iterations.
Whenever i becomes the value 10, j is incremented, a newline is printed, and i becomes 0.
However, when i is set to 0 within the loop, the loop makes i iterate from 1 to 10, for a total of 10 iterations.
This is because i is incremented just before the next iteration starts.
A for loop with this structure:
for (INIT; CONDITION; INCREMENT) {
    BODY
}

is more or less equivalent to this while loop:
INIT
while (CONDITION) {
    BODY
    INCREMENT
}

The caveat is when BODY has a continue statement, it actually jumps down to the INCREMENT part.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Automatic for the People Re-Issue
heathermb23
R.E.M. released a twenty fifth anniversary edition of Automatic for the People late October of 2017 (this means it was originally released in October of 1992) that comes with a live recording from the 40 Watt Club in Athens Georgia, as well as a twenty four page booklet that includes liner notes and interviews from the band members. The original album has been remastered and the sound clarified. Ugh, ok, those are the reissue specs, but let's talk about R.E.M., a band that has been recording albums since the 1983 release of Murmur.
I don't remember how I first found R.E.M.. Back in an alternative universe when you relied on word of mouth, a friend with access to Chicago radio stations, or watched MTV's 120 minutes like it was church, music could be elusive, and it was an elite crowd that found the jewels. R.E.M. was college alternative rock or the introspective version to an alternative music scene dominated by the Anthony Keidis's of the world (Fight like a Brave, anyone?). Somewhere early on I heard Murmur's Radio Free Europe and knew it had meaning – although lyrics by R.E.M. can be a discernable, layered journey. Life's Rich Pageant (1986) was the first entire album from R.E.M. that became a constant: lyrics mumbled while cleaning bathtubs, ironing dad's shirts, days drifted off in classrooms hearing Begin the Begin over and over again in my mind:
Birdie in the hand for life's rich demand
The insurgency began and you missed it
I looked for it and I found it
Miles Standish proud, congratulate me
Further along I found Document (1987) and like everyone else jumped up and down to It's the End of the World as we Know it and worked on wrapping my mind and mouth around the metaphorical sledgehammer of lyrics created by Mills, Buck, Stipe, and Berry. It was almost danceable, I mean it was danceable. They followed that up with Green (1988). The Atlantic called this album R.E.M.'s greatest, "the world needs its dynamic optimism more than ever" they wrote; Stipe commented that Green "had to be a record that was incredibly uplifting – not necessarily happy, but a record that was uplifting to off-set the store bought cynicism and easy condemnation of the world we're living in now."
From Green on I'm lost as to what R.E.M. created. They had a breakthrough album with Out of Time and the song Losing my Religion. The video for Losing my Religion was on heavy rotation and I got sick of it. When Automatic for the People came out I felt like I was listening to Michael Stipe get old. Everybody Hurts, Night Swimming, and Find the River all sounded like, and still sound like, I'm headed for a car accident in January – almost too reflective, like he wants me to miserable: "Nothing's going my way" Stipe sings. Stipe and Mills were interviewed by NPR in October about the re-release of this album and Stipe admitted "Automatic for the People is a slower, more somber record reflecting on transition, death and sadness." And it works for me now, twenty five years later, I remember my own heartbreaking and caustic transitions that cut me from old ideas and people, and listening now to Try not to Breathe I know how I felt:
I will try not to burden you
I can hold these inside
I will hold my breath
Until all these shivers subside
Just look in my eyes
I will try not to worry you
I have seen things that you will never see
Leave it to memory me
I shudder to breathe
"It's a direct line to our feelings and to memories of places that we were when we heard a song" Stipe told NPR when asked why Automatic for the People still resonates. Twenty five years is a good amount of time to allow what seemed too pop-ish in 1992 to sound good now, and Drive is a great song that could have been on any album (that had to be said somewhere in this post). R.E.M.'s music has proven to be timeless and nostalgic through the years, and even though they officially called it quits in 2011, we'll always have these re-releases
Tags : athensAutomatic for the Peoplecedar rapidscedar rapids librarycollege rockdocumentgeorgiagreenHeatherlibrariesMichael StipemurmurmusicninetiesR.E.Mradioreview
Mid-Winter Renaissance Faire at the Downtown Library January 20


text:
package apple.coretext.struct;

import org.moe.natj.c.StructObject;
import org.moe.natj.c.ann.Structure;
import org.moe.natj.c.ann.StructureField;
import org.moe.natj.general.NatJ;
import org.moe.natj.general.Pointer;
import org.moe.natj.general.ann.Generated;

@Generated
@Structure()
public final class STHeader extends StructObject {
    private static long __natjCache;

    static {
        NatJ.register();
    }

    @Generated
    public STHeader() {
        super(STHeader.class);
    }

    @Generated
    protected STHeader(Pointer peer) {
        super(peer);
    }

    @Generated
    @StructureField(order = 0, isGetter = true)
    public native byte filler();

    @Generated
    @StructureField(order = 0, isGetter = false)
    public native void setFiller(byte value);

    @Generated
    @StructureField(order = 1, isGetter = true)
    public native byte nClasses();

    @Generated
    @StructureField(order = 1, isGetter = false)
    public native void setNClasses(byte value);

    @Generated
    @StructureField(order = 2, isGetter = true)
    public native char classTableOffset();

    @Generated
    @StructureField(order = 2, isGetter = false)
    public native void setClassTableOffset(char value);

    @Generated
    @StructureField(order = 3, isGetter = true)
    public native char stateArrayOffset();

    @Generated
    @StructureField(order = 3, isGetter = false)
    public native void setStateArrayOffset(char value);

    @Generated
    @StructureField(order = 4, isGetter = true)
    public native char entryTableOffset();

    @Generated
    @StructureField(order = 4, isGetter = false)
    public native void setEntryTableOffset(char value);
}


Founded in 2003, the Association of Pharmaceutical Distributors and Retailers in Romania (ADRFR) represents the interests of more than 50% of the distribution market and local retail pharmacy.
The Association members are Romanian companies recognized and respected for both business performance achieved and for seriousness, commitment and professionalism that treats every aspect of daily activity in the direct benefit of patients.
Through its actions and its members, the Association of Pharmaceutical Distributors and Retailers in Romania guard and help the development of the local pharmaceutical environment.
Since July 2012, the Association of Pharmaceutical Distributors and Retailers in Romania is a full member of GIRP - Groupement International de la Repartition Pharmaceutique (European Association of Pharmaceuticals Distributors).
25,000 unique products marketed by members of the Association.
Full Portfolio: Rx, OTC, cosmetics, baby care products etc.


A wonderful experience in record time.
Recently we had our new home fitted with custom drapery and new furnishings for family room. Barb worked with us to find the perfect choices for our windows and furniture, I have received loads of complements on what she has done for us' I would highly reccommend her for any window or design project. She is very knowledgeable and fun to work with on a project.
Recently we purchased some furniture with the assistance of Barbara and she was excellent to deal with. We were able to buy the items we wanted within our budget. Barbara worked with us to be sure the color and design would look great in our home. She has very good design instincts; does not try to force any particular product or design, and she is patient in going through the selection process. Very professional and we will work with her in the future.


It was loud, out of sync, completely without form or tonality, rhythm or beat, yet it produced JOY! The pure joy that innocence and discovery can produce. As we played along, my husband and I, you could see the wonder as we made something from nothing, music from stationary objects, the beat of the heart of a child. Nothing could have been sweeter! And yet, often, this behavior is tamed, put into boxes or normalcy, shut down for propriety's sake and labeled as not worthy of listening to. Each of us has our own ear for music and judge all other music against our favorites and our classics as good or bad.
is it a recognizable, predictable tune? Is it a classic, stuck in the past? Do you strive to stay current with the latest hits, even if you don't really care for the melody or lyrics? OR do you sing, dance, beat out your spirit in melodious tones and rhythms, linking in with the heartbeat of the Mother and all mankind? Do you drum out of rhythm, sing off key, and yet still make music, even discordant, because your inner Truth calls out for it? Or do you squelch it, afraid that it will be critically viewed by others and judges as imperfect? The Universe is crying out for your song, longing for your heart and spirit to join the sacred rhythms and melodies that tell our tales!
May you make beautiful music tomorrow as you encounter the rhythms of the world!


The Embrace Ambition Series is a weeklong multi-city intimate event series held in select Tory Burch boutiques nationwide. The series will feature talks on topics including empowering women, unconscious bias, using your voice for change, entrepreneurship and more.
Join us for an evening with game-changing leaders to challenge unconscious bias and empower women.
Apply for your chance to attend now through January 29.
Born in San Francisco, CA. Currently raised in Charlottesville, VA.


His multimedia projects combine data visualization, documentary, performance, photography, storytelling, and ritual — and are in the permanent collection of MoMA.
His work has been honored by the World Economic Forum, The International Center of Photography, TIME Magazine, AIGA, Ars Electronica, The Webby Awards, and many other places. His TED talks have been viewed millions of times.
He lives in Shelburne, Vermont, where he serves on the board of the Shelburne Craft School, directs the nascent Shelburne Institute, and co-manages High Acres Farm, working with land that has been in his family for five generations.
He created the VDA website.


text:
New Dead Sea Scrolls DNA research to 'unlock Bible secrets from time of Jesus Christ'
admin / June 4, 2020 / Endtimes Signs and Wonder, unlock Bible secrets from time of Jesus Christ'
Scientists in Israel at Tel Aviv University have reportedly used a new technique to examine the parchment used to make the ancient Biblical documents hoping to provide clues where they are from. According to a report from the Daily Star, New DNA research into the origin of the Dead Sea Scrolls is set to provide new insight into the time of Jesus Christ according to experts.
Although the Dead Sea scrolls were discovered over 60 years ago hidden in a cave in Israel, there's still remains much mystery about these scraps of parchment which we don't know but now cutting edge DNA research is unlocking the secret of their origin. According to the report, Oded Rechavi, who is a molecular biologist at Tel Aviv University in Israel, and the senior author of a new paper outlines how scientists have used a new amplification technique to extract a full DNA sample from a few grains of precious "scroll dust".
Rechavi told Live Science recently that "We can't just take a fragment and grind it," Instead, he explained, his team removed a few grains of dust from the blank side of some scroll fragments and used a technique called polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which unlocks the genetic code of the animals whose skin was used to make the parchment.
"It's amazing that enough DNA can be extracted from the 2,000-year-old scrolls," he said. "They are not only old and contaminated, they have also been processed (to make the parchment in the first place) which is very damaging to the DNA." According to the biologist, The research not only helped scholars remake the jigsaw of the scrolls, but it has also given a better picture of where the scrolls might originally have been created.
"We can't tell exactly where the foreign scrolls originated," he said. "But we can tell, owing to the DNA analyses, that it was somewhere outside the Judean desert." These artifacts are some of the earliest known Biblical documents that give us an extraordinary insight into what Jews thought and believed around 2,000 years ago. One Archaeologist by the name of Robert Cargill believes the scrolls could be the last relics of the long-lost Jewish temple at the center of Jerusalem.
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New Biden plan could mandate COVID shots or tests for two-thirds of U.S. workers
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Putin orders stockpiles of BLOOD on the frontline as convoy of 100 trucks pushes towards Ukrainian c...
Category Endtimes Signs and Wonder unlock Bible secrets from time of Jesus Christ'
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DEVELOPING: Tropical Storm Cristobal, a record-breaker, forms over southern Gulf of Mexico… →
Putin readies nukes 12 times more powerful than Hiroshima to strike the West
600 Levites in Israel just performed a rehearsal for the coming "Third Temple"
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NKJV Bible Verse for Today
We are a group of individuals living in the Philippines who loved the Lord Jesus above all. Because we are so hungry of God, we want also people to get saved and to know the Lord Jesus. This website is solely dedicated to the Lord Jesus. Preparing the way of his second coming!! God Bless us all.
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