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Set in the 17th century Japan this is a horrifying and brutal film about faith. Two Jesuit priests go looking for a missing mentor. He, along with many others, are missionaries trying to spread Catholicism in Japan. Not an easy task and the response from the authorities there is very determined and violent. The two, played by Adam Driver and Andrew Garfield, go on the terrible journey, smuggled in, hide for months on end protected by villagers who are "believers". They witness first hand how strong these people's faith is, they also experience betrayal and a whole lot of pain. Faith and religion change when they propagate and spread. They get hybridized and blended. One character named Kichijiro is a fascinating example of a Catholic who seems to have taken the power of confession to the extreme. How many times can one do horrible things, betray his people and then get the slate wiped clean by confession? Many times it seems. This is supposed to be based on a true story and is really one of Scorsese's most personal films it feels. The struggle of balancing the guilt with faith and hoping that there is a God out there who is listening (in this case a Christian God) is a theme in his films. Here, it is front and center. It's not a fun movie to watch but it is an excellent one.
Good morning and Happy Easter to you and your family as well. Yes, this is a brutal movie about some brutal times when a brutal contact between Christianity and Shintoism took place. Martin Scorsese does not give us any respite to recoup our breath when we watched it with my cinematographer son in a movie theater( I wish we had done it a t home with the possibility of pausing it to go to the bathroom or simply to weep in silence) we were deeply moved. Nonetheless it is also a great tribute to those hardy peninsular Jesuit priests that were determined to spread the Gospel in totally unforgiving circumstances; the fact that one of the last scenes shows the priest's hand clutching the only reliquary he had clandestinely kept all those years of forced conversion is a testament of an enduring faith. May God Almighty bless you and your family with peace and prosperity.


text:
Ismertető

Michael valótlan címet adott Falzonenak, így őt elfogták, és mivel Falzone már utalta a pénzt Bellicknek, Abruzzi visszakapta a börtönmunka vezetését. Golyó elmondja Michaelnek, hogy tud a lyukról. Michael házasbeszélőre megy, de senki, még a bátyja sem tudta róla, hogy házas. Gyorsan kiderül, hogy a bankrablás előtti napon házasodott össze azért, hogy újdonsült felesége feltűnés nélkül becsempészhessen egy hitelkártyának tűnő plasztikkártyát, ezzel a raktárba tud bemenni, ahol az elítélteknek a bejövetelkor náluk lévő tárgyaikat tárolják. Ezeket a bankrablás előtt gondosan készítette össze. Az aranyóra hiányzik. Westmoreland elmondja, hogy gyakran tűnnek el dolgok a raktárból, de ez amúgy sem tűnik fel az elítéltnek a távozásig, akkor pedig már nem reklamál. Elmondja azt is, hogy van egy erősen kleptomániás őr, aki gyakran lop el ezt-azt. Michael Gearyn meg is látja az óráját. Westmoreland új cellatársa, Tweener visszaszerzi Michaelnek az órát, cserébe azt kéri, hogy vegye be a börtönmunkába.

Sara meglátja Michaelt a feleségével, és megmondja neki, hogy többé csak a hivatalos keretek közt szabályozott kapcsolat lehet kettejük között. Westmorelandet behívja Pope és közöl vele egy rossz hírt: csak a halálos beteg lánya temetésére mehet ki, aki pár hét múlva meg fog halni. Westmoreland ezért változtat a szökéssel kapcsolatos álláspontján, mert még szeretne életében találkozni a lányával. Ehhez de be kell bizonyítania Michaelnek, hogy valóban ő D. B. Cooper, hiszen eddig mindig tagadta ezt.

Quinn dörzspapírral véresre horzsolt arccal megjelenik Veronicáék házánál és autóbalesetet szenvedett emberként beengedik a házba. Miután bejutott, rálő Nickre, L. J.-t és Veronicát pedig megkötözi. Veronica ki tud szabadulni a kötelekből, leüti Quinnt, majd kiszabadítja L. J.-t is. Az erdőben folytatódó üldözés végén L. J. belöki a férfit a kútba, majd elmennek. Az ügynök telefonon hívja Kellermanéket, azok viszont megérkezésükkör nem húzzák ki, a telefonja pedig addigra lemerült, így Kellerman úgy dönt, így könnyen és nyom nélkül megszabadul tőle. Társa ezúttal sem ért vele egyet.

Bellick már a házasbeszélő alkalmával ismerősnek találta Michael feleségét, akit civilben egy éjszakai szórakozóhelyen felkeres. A lány elmondja neki, hogy Michael feleségül vette, így Európából Amerikába juthatott, és cserébe egy hitelkártyát kellett bejuttatnia a börtönbe. Bellick nem érti a dolgot, mert a hitelkártyának bent semmi hasznát nem lehet venni.

Michael a Tweener által visszaszerzett órából és a raktárból elhozott diktafonból egy időzíthető magnetofont készít, amit a börtönmunka alatt a kertben elás, majd következő nap kivesz. A  hangfelvételből kiderül, hogy az őrök 18 percenként járnak a gyengélkedő ablaka alatt az éjjeli őrjárat alatt. Az idő rövidsége miatt csak heten tudnak menni, tehát a csapatból valaki hiába ássa a lyukat, nem fog kijutni.

A szökés epizódjai

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
Q: switch case in php multiple words to one case <?php

$rank = $_POST['person'];
$name = $_POST['fname'];

switch ($rank){
    case 'MR':
        echo "Hi Mr ".$name." Wellcome To My Website";
        break;
    case 'dr':
        echo "Hi Dr ".$name." Wellcome To My Website";
        break;
    case 'miss':
            echo "Hi Miss ".$name." Wellcome To My Website";
            break;
    case 'Prof':
            echo "Hi Prof ".$name." Wellcome To My Website";
            break;
    defualt:
        echo "Wrong";   .

i want to add multiple keywords to one case. like this some one can enter Mr or MR or mr php is case sensitive language. I want to add all those mr,Mr,MR words to one case how can i do it.

A: Try this:
switch ($rank){
  case 'MR':
  case 'mr':
  case 'Mr':
    echo "Hi Mr ".$name." Wellcome To My Website";
    break;
  case 'dr':
    echo "Hi Dr ".$name." Wellcome To My Website";
    break;
  case 'miss':
        echo "Hi Miss ".$name." Wellcome To My Website";
        break;
  case 'Prof':
        echo "Hi Prof ".$name." Wellcome To My Website";
        break;
  default:
    echo "Wrong";

That will do what you want, in regards to multiple cases to one event.  But, I would suggest instead that you change your switch statement to something like this:
switch (strtolower($rank)){

And then only check the lowercase values.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Many years ago, Atherton was the center of monied and learned culture in the San Francisco area. From this humble beginning Atherton has continued to be a lure for those with the desire to be exclusive and the means to do it. In 2010 Forbes named Atherton as the second wealthiest city in the U.S., with Bloomberg repeating that particular favor the next year.
With a minimum 1 acre lot per property stipulated in the mid 1920's, the city itself feels like it's one giant park – which truthfully it almost became, but for the efforts of some locals to incorporate the area to whats now known as Atherton City.
Silicon Valley's just up the road, and although tech tycoon spotting isn't an official sport yet, if it was Atherton would be the right place to be to win.
Come on through, check these HUGE mansions out and if it's your price bracket you owe it to yourself to see how that half really live.


Publisher : Borla Edizioni s.r.l.
The Italian Psychoanalytic Annual, a selection of papers published during the previous year in Rivista di Psicoanalisi, the Journal of the Italian Psychoanalytic Society, is published to bolster the presence of Italian psychoanalysis in the international psychoanalytic panorama. The aim is to adequately represent its polyphonic nature and, in the variety of tones which characterise it, to accentuate the harmony and originality of its voice. To celebrate the 150th anniversary of the birth of Freud, Rivista di Psicoanalisi dedicated a great deal of space to his works, and many of the articles are presented in this 2007 Annual, showing the topicality and importance today of Freud's thought, style, and distinctive manner in which he developed his psychoanalytic theories.


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Apply with even, circular strokes.
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text:
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Technology for a better society
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DeFACTO: Underground Testing of CO2 Transport and Injection 90 Metres Under the NTNU Campus!
by Francesco Finotti
CO2 injection is one critical step of the Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) value chain: it is when the carbon dioxide is pumped in the formation to be permanently stored. Injection technology has come a long way, but many questions on the process remain open.
"When we consider the scale of the energy and climate challenge, the critical importance of carbon capture is inescapable" – Dr Fatih Birol, IEA Executive Director
To picture CO2 injection, imagine putting a straw in a bottle full of sand and pouring water inside the straw. The sand quickly absorbs the water. Now imagine the water is cold enough that it could turn to ice in the process, cracking the bottle.
The CO2 injection process is analogous: CO2 is transported as a pressurised liquid (common transport conditions are about -25C and 20 bar). It is then pumped before being warmed up and injected deep into an underground formation (typically 2000 meters or more). To know how much heat to add, it is crucial to know as accurately as possible the CO2 temperature and pressure profile during the whole injection process, to avoid formation damages.
CO2 captured from different industrial processes comes with various impurities and must be purified before injection to prevent corrosion, in a process that drives the cost of capture. An accurate determination of how clean the CO2 must be for a safe injection could reduce the CCS cost considerably.
To answer these questions and more, the DeFACTO project has built a 90 meters underground test facility for CO2 flow assurance and injection inside the NTNU Campus!
Having the facility so close to the researchers is a considerable advantage: it gives the possibility to execute experiments with short notice and train adequately skilled researchers in the field of CCS.
About the DeFacto rig
To deal with the temperature challenges mentioned above, DeFACTO allows control of both pressure and temperature of the injected CO2, granting accurate monitoring of the pressure profile downhole for different realistic liquid/gaseous mass fractions at the injection head.
Furthermore, the design is performed to enable the execution of transients such as shut-in and depressurization tests. The operators routinely perform shut-ins and depressurizations for formation characterization, maintenance, and testing of valves and equipment. Transient operations are cost drivers because they often determine the equipment design parameters due to the extreme temperatures and pressures obtained compared to standard processes.
Another goal of the experiments is to improve insight into the interaction between CO2 and (reservoir) water, with possible hydrate and ice formation during sudden depressurisation events.
Simulation tools such as LedaFlow, OLGA, and CO2 DYNAMICS will be benchmarked and validated against selected experiments.
The results of the experiments performed with this facility will provide valuable data to verify CO2 injection models with impurities, an essential stepping stone towards the practical realisation of CCS. The facility further strengthens SINTEF's experimental capabilities in the CCS realm, and many more exciting applications of the rig are to be expected.
Figure 1: The bottom section, or "bundle", in all its splendour, just beside one of the key project contributors, Dr Jacob Stang.
There is art in the process
The facility consists of a 139 meters long horizontal loop for CO2 conditioning (used to adjust CO2 temperature, pressure, and exact composition, as well as the liquid to gas ratio at injection), connected to a 90 meters deep u-tube with legs of different diameter (16- and 32-mm ID). At the bottom of the U-tube, two actuated valves allow the complete closure of each tube. A third valve enables the injection of water at the bottom of the tube from a 10mm ID water injection line to investigate hydrate formation. The 90 meters' depth allows CO2 phase transition (gas to liquid) to take place in the tubes, which is the case in most CO2 injection projects.
The U-bend at the bottom of the well allows a total pipeline length close to 180m (50% upwards and 50 % downwards). Besides, the different internal diameters used for the two vertical pipelines allow testing in two different flow directions. Consequently, the influence of the tube diameter can be directly investigated in depressurisation experiments.
The tubes are surrounded by a heat transfer fluid (ethanol 70%), which can be heated or cooled between 5°C and 30°C to achieve relevant and repeatable test conditions independent from the ambient temperature at the site. High-frequency response pressure and temperature sensors are placed along the vertical pipelines to record P/T values during the test campaigns.
Figure 2: Lowering the bottom section at the NTNU campus
To sum up – over 140 high-frequency sensors, more than a km of cables, more than 10 tubes and 100 wires squeezed in a casing with a diameter of just 20cm. Quite an R&D feat in itself!
Figure 3: Sketch of the DeFACTO well.
With the delivery around the corner (expected in summer 2020), the project team is in for a hectic ride. We are looking forward to the months ahead of us. We will keep you updated!
This project is partially funded by ECCSEL, Gassnova, Equinor and Total.
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DeFACTO: Underground Testing of CO2 Transport and Injection 90 Metres Under the NTNU Campus! - May 26, 2020
TagsCCS • DEFACTO • featured • Gas
1 comment on "DeFACTO: Underground Testing of CO2 Transport and Injection 90 Metres Under the NTNU Campus!"
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About SINTEF
SINTEF is one of Europe's largest independent research organisations. Every year we carry out several thousand projects for customers large and small.
SINTEF is always looking for employees with a high level of professional skills and the ability to make a difference.
See our vacant positions here.
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info@sintef.no
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Combine the rice wine vinegar, 1 tbsp sugar, and salt. Add the julienned carrot and radish and marinate for 30 minutes. Drain well.
Combine mayonnaise, sriracha, and hoisin. Mix well. Feel free to add more sriracha if you prefer a spicier sandwich.
Mix the fish sauce and the other 1 tbsp of sugar. Pour this over the pork and toss well.
Split the rolls from the top, being sure not to cut them completely in half. These need to be left together. Toast in the oven for 2 minutes, or until just crispy.
To assemble, spread some of the mayonnaise on one side of the bun. On the other side spread the pate'. Divide the roast pork amongst the 12 buns. Top with the cucumber slices, pickled vegetables, and cilantro.


text:
In Pursuit of Justice: What if the Son of Man Has Nowhere to Lay His Head?
Bobby BansonMay 4, 2020 11:47 pm 2
It is the dream of every Government for every citizen of that country to have a home or a job. Having a home or a job means that you will either have a residential address or an occupational address. The situation of men being homeless is unfortunately not a new development. Even the Lord Jesus Christ, at a point during his time of earth, faced this problem. He said at a point "Foxes have holes and birds of the air have nests, but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay His head[1]".
The Courts of law exist to do justice. Justice ought to be dispensed to persons who have come to court seeking same without any form of discrimination in the form of race, gender or economic situation in life. That said, there are substantive laws which determine whether a person seeking justice has a cause of action and there are rules of court which regulate the procedure to be adopted by any person who is seeking justice from the courts.
Now, there could be a situation where the economic situation of a person who has a cause of action, will not enable the person to have a place of residence or an occupation. For instance, a hawker on a street who sleeps in front of a kiosk at the Kaneshie market at night, could be knocked down by a vehicle due to the negligence of the driver of the vehicle. The courts of law exist to do justice to even such a person.
This article has been necessitated by two decisions of the Supreme Court of Ghana which have been interpreted by some Judges and lawyers to mean that the absence of an address on the face of the Writ of Summons will deny the Plaintiff access to the Court. I am of the humble opinion that such interpretation is an over-simplification of the issues in those cases and a narrow interpretation of the ratios therein. I will seek to justify my position in the subsequent paragraph.
2.Who Can Come to Court to Seek Justice?
A very popular politician in Ghana once mooted that "any fool can go to court in Ghana". Well, that is not exactly the case. Before a person can sustain a court action, that person must satisfy at least two criteria:
First, the person must be a legally recognized natural or an artificial entity. By this, I mean that the person must be a human being capable of managing his affairs or must be a body corporate registered under any enabling Act in any legal system.
Secondly, the person must have a cause of action. Having a Cause of Action simply means that you have a right which has been infringed upon and thus, you have a reason, justifiable in law, to seek redress in the court of law.
These two criteria are what is collectively termed as the "Capacity of the Party to bring an action".
The capacity of a person to initiate a court action is so fundamental that if at the time of the initiation of the action, either by a Writ of Summons or any of the other known means of commencing an action, the Plaintiff did not have capacity to do so, the Writ of Summons becomes a nullity and the whole action fails. Indeed, the issue of the want of capacity of the Plaintiff to initiate an action can be raised for the first time even on final appeal to the Supreme Court and if successful, it will render the whole proceedings a nullity.
In the recent case of Nii Tetteh Kpobi Tsuru v Agri Cattle & Ors[2], the Supreme Court succinctly put this contention in the following words
"The law is trite that capacity is a fundamental and crucial matter that affects the very root of a suit and for that matter, it can be raised at any time even after judgment on appeal. The issue is so fundamental that when it is raised at an early stage of the proceedings a court mindful of doing justice ought to determine that issue before further proceedings are taken to determine the merits of the case. Thus, a Plaintiff whose capacity is challenged needs to adduce credible evidence at the earliest opportunity to satisfy the court that it had the requisite capacity to invoke the jurisdiction of the court. If this is not done, the entire proceedings founded on an action by a Plaintiff without capacity would be nullified should the fact of non-capacity be proved."
It was further held by the Supreme Court that:
"The law is trite that a civil action can only be taken by a natural person or a juristic entity created and recognized by statute. If not, a writ issued in the name of a non-existent Plaintiff is a nullity and same void. The law also is that when the legal status of a Plaintiff is challenged and made an issue, as in this case, it was incumbent on the Plaintiff to adduce cogent evidence to satisfy the court that it had the requisite legal capacity to sue and be sued."
The Supreme Court concluded thus "The law as we have known it to be is that a non- existent person or entity cannot sue as a Plaintiff neither can a non-existent person or entity be sued as a defendant. Parties initiating any civil proceeding must be either natural persons who are alive or personal representatives of such persons and juristic entities recognized by statute."
It therefore follows that a challenge to capacity puts the validity of a writ in issue, so when the challenge is not displaced, the writ becomes a nullity together with the proceedings and the judgment founded on it."
The whole concept of "legal capacity" could not have been better explained.
Now, assuming the party seeking to initiate the action has capacity to do so, that person must comply with the provisions of the rules of court to be able to ventilate his or her grievances to seek legal redress. This is where the rules of court come to play.
3.The Rules of Court on Commencing Actions
For the purposes of this article, we shall assume that the party will commence the action in the High Court. The High Court has original jurisdiction in all matters.[3] The practice and procedure before the High Court is regulated by the provisions of the High Court, (Civil Procedure Rules), 2004, CI 47 (hereinafter referred to as CI 47).
Order 2 of CI 47 provides that the means of commencing civil proceedings in the High Court is by a Writ of Summons, unless otherwise provided for by any other law.[4] Order 2 rule (3)(2) provides that the "The occupational and residential address of the parties shall be stated on the Writ and the address of the Plaintiff, rather than the address of the lawyer of the Plaintiff shall be used in the Writ".[5]
Order 2 rule 4 has the short title of "Indorsement as to Capacity". The Order provides as follows:
(1) Before a writ is filed it shall be indorsed:
(a) where the plaintiff sues in a representative capacity, with a statement of the capacity in which the plaintiff sues; or
(b) where a defendant is sued in a representative capacity, with a statement of the capacity in which the defendant is sued.
(2) Before a writ is filed by a plaintiff who acts by an order or on behalf of a person resident outside Ghana, the writ shall be indorsed with a statement of that fact and with the address of the person so resident.
Order 2 rule 4 (1) can be applied to mean that where the Plaintiff sues or sues the Defendant in any capacity other than the personal capacity of either party, that fact must be made clear on the face of the Writ of Summons. So for instance, if the Plaintiff is suing in his capacity as the Executor of the estate of a deceased person or the Defendant is being sued in his capacity as a Receiver of a company, that fact must be stated on the face of the Writ of Summons.
Order 2 rule 4 (2) can also be applied to mean that where the Plaintiff is suing as an attorney or otherwise as a representative of another person who is not resident in Ghana, the address of such a non-resident person must be stated on the face of the Writ of Summons.
The latter rule has been the subject of interpretation and application by the Supreme Court in the case of Standard Bank Offshore Trust & Others v National Investment Bank Ltd & Others[6].
The decision by the Supreme Court in the Standard Bank Offshore refers to another decision of the Supreme Court in the case of Naos Holding Ltd v Ghana Commercial Bank[7] . The decision of the Supreme Court in the Naos Holding case was based on the provision of Order 3 rule 4 (1) of the old High Court (Civil Procedure) Rules, 1954 (LN 140A.
Order 3 rule 4 (1) of LN 140A provided as follows:
If the plaintiff sues, or the defendant or any of the defendants is sued, in a representative capacity, the indorsement shall show, in manner appearing by such of the forms in Appendix A, Part III, as shall be applicable to the case, or by any other statement to the like effect, in what capacity the plaintiff or defendant sues or is sued.
If an action is brought by or on behalf of a person resident outside Ghana the indorsement shall so state and shall state the residence of such person".
It will be worthy to note at this stage that even though the provisions in Order 2 rule 4 of the CI 47 are in pari materia with the provisions of Order 3 rule 4 (1) of LN 140A, there are some material changes in the wording of these two provisions and which material changes will be discussed.
We will at this stage take pains to discuss the effect in the difference in the wording of the provisions in LN140A and the provisions in the CI 47.
In re-enacting the provision of Order 3 rule 4 of LN140A in the CI 47, the Rules of Court Committee made some changes which are very fundamental.
Whilst under LN 140 there is no indication when the indorsement of the residential address of the Plaintiff who is resident outside Ghana must be made, under CI 47, the requirement to disclose residential address of a non-resident Plaintiff is to be done before the writ is filed.
At the time of the enactment of the LN 140A in 1954, the wording in the English provision was as has now been enacted in the CI 47. Ghana had the choice to adopt that formulation or tweak it. The rules of Court Committee in 1954, tweaked the wording in the English rules to what was in our Order 3 r 4 of LN 140A whilst the English rules continued to use the "before the writ is issued requirement.'' In 2004 when Ghana was re-enacting the provision, the rules of court committee went back to the text of the English provision using the "before the writ is issue". The authorities under those provisions state clearly that the indorsement required to be provided on the Writ was to be made before the the writ is issued.
Having set out the difference in the wordings in LN140A and CI 47, we will now discuss the two Supreme Court decisions referred to immediately above.
4.The Decisions in The Naos Holding and Standard Offshore Cases
4.1 Naos Holdings Inc v Ghana Commercial Bank[8]
The facts of this case are captured at page 407 of the report. We will summarize same as follows:
The Plaintiff, holding itself out as a corporate entity incorporated in Panama, sued the Defendant as guarantors of certain promissory notes which the Plaintiff claimed had been indorsed over to it by a third party.
The Plaintiff purported to sue per an attorney who was resident in Ghana.
The Writ of Summons however did not disclose the address of the Plaintiff either as a resident or external company in Ghana.
The Defendant entered conditional appearance to the Writ and filed an application to have the Writ of Summons dismissed on the ground that having failed to disclose its residential address, the Plaintiff did not exist as a legal entity with capacity to sue.
In paragraph 12 of the affidavit in support of the Defendant's application, it was deposed as follows "Furthermore I am advised and verily believe that the Plaintiff herein does not exist as a legal entity recognized with the capacity to sue and be sued; accordingly the Plaintiff has declined to disclose its address contrary to the express requirement of the rules of court."
Paragraph 13 of the affidavit in support of the application deposed to the following facts "I am advised that a foreign Plaintiff is required by the rules to disclose its non-resident status and residence. In total violation of this requirement, the Plaintiff concealed the fact that it is non-resident and has deliberately omitted to state its offshore address."
Paragraph 14 of the affidavit in support further stated that "I verily believe from the deliberate omission that the Plaintiff herein does not exist as a legal entity and is not entitled to institute the action herein. Accordingly, the action ought to be dismissed as an abuse of process."
The High Court upheld the Defendant's motion, a decision which was confirmed by the Court of Appeal. Dissatisfied with the decision of the Court of Appeal, the Plaintiff appealed to the Supreme Court.
The decision of the Supreme Court affirmed the judgment of the High Court. The Supreme Court, speaking through Sophia Akuffo JSC (as she was then) held at page 412 of the report as follows "The real effect of the Defendant-Respondent's motion in the High Court under Order 3, rule 4 of the old High Court Civil Procedure Rules, 1954, (LN 140A) was to challenge the very existence of the Plaintiff-Appellant as a corporate legal entity and place in issue the Appellant's capacity to sue."
The learned Judge went further to state that "Once its legal status was challenged and its corporate capacity was placed in issue, it was incumbent upon the appellant to produce more cogent evidence of its existence (such as its registered office address or a copy of its certificate of incorporation) to satisfy the trial court that it had the requisite legal capacity to sue. Since it failed to do so, the trial court was justified in arriving at the conclusion that the appellant did not exist."
A careful reading of the relevant paragraphs of the affidavit in support of the motion to dismiss the action filed by the Defendant and the ratio of this case will show that the essence of the defendant's application was to challenge the very existence of the Plaintiff as a corporate entity with capacity to sue. The Defendant however further contended that it was of the opinion that the reason why the Plaintiff had not indorsed the Writ of Summons with an address was because the Plaintiff was not incorporated under any legal system, not in Ghana and not in Panama. Hence, the indorsement of the Writ of Summons with an address of the Plaintiff, or the lack of, operated as a presumption of the legal existence or otherwise of the Plaintiff. In other words, had the Plaintiff provided a copy of its certificate of incorporation in Panama, the absence of the address on the Writ of Summons, could not have been interpreted to mean that the Plaintiff had not been incorporated as a legal entity in Panama.
To this extent, the author agrees with the dictum of the learned jurists as same was in sync with the provisions of Order 3 rule 4 of LN 140A and particularly where the Plaintiff's attorney admitted that the concealment of the address of the Plaintiff on the face of the Writ of Summons was deliberate .In n the Plaintiff's affidavit in opposition to the application by the Defendant, deposed to by its Attorney, it was stated as follows:
"17. That should it be necessary to state the Plaintiff's address, that should not be a ground to dismiss the suit as the Plaintiff's address can always be stated, but it was a deliberate act not to state the Plaintiff's address, as the attorney is a resident and has powers to act for and on behalf of the Plaintiff and in its name."[9]
However, in her concluding statements, the learned judge concluded as follows "The writ was void for failure to state the residence of the Plaintiff in the action and, in any event, there was such serious doubt as to the corporate status of the appellant that the court was justified in its conclusion that the appellant did not exist at all."
With all due respect, it is the first part of this concluding sentence which the author disagrees with. From the facts of the case, the essence of the application was to challenge the existence of the Plaintiff as a legal entity and which challenge was buttressed by the failure of the Plaintiff to state its address on the Writ. The absence of the address on the Writ per se did not mean that the Plaintiff did not exist. For it is possible, for the Plaintiff to have actually endorsed the Writ with an address when the Plaintiff did in fact not have any legal personality in Panama. Will the Plaintiff have been deemed to have capacity by merely providing an address when indeed it did not exist? The answer is No! Will the Plaintiff not be deemed not to have capacity to initiate the action merely due to a default in not indorsing the Writ with its address, even if it provides a certificate of incorporation? The answer is No!
Hence, the failure to state the address on the Writ would make the Writ voidable and not void. A voidable Writ in the instant case is one which can be validated once the Plaintiff provides evidence of its incorporation and legal existence. If you declare the Writ void, as was done by the learned Judge, it meant that even if the Plaintiff had provided evidence of its existence at the hearing of the application, the Writ could not be validated.
The above conclusion notwithstanding, one would not be entirely fair to the learned Supreme Court Judge if the ratio quoted above is not situated in the entire context of the facts leading to the application filed by the Defendant at the High Court and the applicable rules at that time. It seems to suggest that the deliberate attempt by the Attorney of the Plaintiff to conceal the address of the Plaintiff and his refusal to disclose same even when the existence of the Plaintiff was in issue, left the Court to conclude that the Plaintiff actually did not exist.
Having analyzed the decision in the Naos Holding case, we will now proceed to look at the decision in the Standard Offshore case.
4.2 Standard Bank Offshore Trust Company Ltd (suing on behalf of Certain Investors in Promissory Notes) & Ors v National Investment Bank Ltd & Ors[10]
The facts of this case are as follows:
The Plaintiff, who claimed to be representing certain investors in the promissory notes, issued a Writ of Summons at the High Court and sought the reliefs indorsed on the Writ of Summons.
The title of the action did not disclose who the "certain investors in promissory notes" were.
The Plaintiff subsequently amended the title of the suit by amending the names of the Plaintiff as follows:
Standard Bank Offshore Trust Company Ltd
(Suing on behalf of certain Investors in Promissory Notes)
1. Spynx Capital Markets PCC Investors
2. Tricon Trade Management Ltd
The Plaintiff was successful with their claims in the High Court and in the Court of Appeal.
The Defendant appealed to the Supreme Court and for the first time, raised a technical objection in their statement of case to the entire proceedings on the grounds of non-compliance with the provisions of Order 2 Rule 4 (2) of the High Court (Civil Procedure) Rules, 2004 CI 47 and urged the court to dismiss the action.
The Defendant/Appellant followed this up with an application to specifically address this question of capacity and non-compliance with the rules. The Appellant raised three issues in respect of the endorsement of the Writ vis:
The first is that it does not disclose the fact that the Plaintiff is suing on behalf of foreign based person/s.
Secondly, that the foreign residential address of the investors or companies the Plaintiff represents has not been disclosed on the Writ.
Thirdly the persons on whose behalf the Plaintiff issued the Writ were not disclosed or identified with specificity.
The Supreme Court in upholding the objections of the Defendant held at page 11 of the judgment as follows "It is to be stressed that the provisions of Order 2 rule 4 (2) of CI 47 are obligatory and it is not one of those provisions which the court is permitted by Order 81 to waive for non-compliance. As decided in the NAOS Holding case, supra, non-compliance with this provision renders the writ void. That which is void or a nullity cannot be waived by the court under 81 of CI 47. That rule is to ensure that foreigners, human as well as corporate, are in existence in fact and have an address at which they may be reached by the defendant and by the court, if need be. This ensures that the identity of the real Plaintiff is known by the Defendant and the court lest an imposter should secure judgment only for the real Claimant to surface later and saddle the Defendant with another suit. It also ensures that a judgment or order obtained against a foreigner could be executed against him in his country of residence, through the address supplied on the Writ if need be."
The Supreme Court concluded as follows "In conclusion we re-state the position of the law that failure to comply with prerequisites to the issuance of a Writ under Order 2 rule 4 (2) renders the Writ void and it can neither be saved by an amendment nor can it be waived by the Court. Where the Writ of Summons issued by a foreign based firm claims to be suing on behalf of certain investors, it is not an acceptable disclosure of the identity of the "certain investors", thus it becomes an essential ingredient or prerequisite for the Plaintiff to disclose who the persons are on whose behalf it is suing".
It is worth noting that the Supreme Court in relying heavily on the decision in the NAOS HOLDING case, failed to discuss the difference in the wordings in the two enactments as espoused above. It is the opinion of the author that it would have contributed to the jurisprudence on this subject, if the Supreme Court had discussed the difference in the wordings of the two enactments.
It is the opinion of the author that the decision of the Supreme Court can be put into 2 parts:
The first part being that because the Writ of Summons failed to disclose who "certain investors in Promissory Notes" are, the Writ is a nullity for not disclosing who the real Plaintiffs are.[11]
The 2nd Part being that the failure of the Plaintiff to indorse the Writ of Summons with the address of the Plaintiffs is a breach of a mandatory provision of the rules of Court which cannot be waived and could render any proceedings thereafter a nullity, even after judgment.
Whiles the author agrees with the 1st Part of the decision of the Supreme Court, declaring the Writ a nullity for want of disclosure of the identity of the Plaintiffs, the author disagrees with the decision of the Supreme Court relating to the mandatory provisions of the rules of court which cannot be waived.
Before I proceed, I must state that the 1st part of the decision is enough to render the Writ a nullity and the author agrees with that. However, the application of the 2nd part of the decision to other cases to render a Writ a nullity, despite the fact that the capacity of such a party has been established, will result in problems in the jurisprudence of our civil practice. The author will seek to justify his contention in the preceding parts of this article.
5.Is a Breach of Order 2 Rule (4) (2) Curable By Order 81?
We have produced the provisions of Order 2 rule (4) (2) elsewhere in this article.
Order 81 Rule (1) (1) of CI 47 provides as follows:
"Where, in beginning or purporting to begin any proceedings or at any stage in the course of or in connection with any proceedings, there has, by reason of anything done or left undone, been a failure to comply with the requirements of these Rules, whether in respect of time, place, manner, form or content or in any other respect, the failure shall be treated as an irregularity and shall not nullify the proceedings, any step taken in the proceedings, or any document, judgment or order in it."[12]
Order 81 rule (1) (2) further provides as follows "The Court may, on the ground that there has been such a failure as stated in subrule (1), and on such terms as to costs or otherwise as it considers just
(a) set aside either wholly or in part the proceedings in which the failure occurred, any step taken in those proceedings or any document, judgment or order therein; or
(b) exercise its powers under these Rules to allow such amendments to be made and to make such order dealing with the proceedings generally as it considers just.
Order 81 rule 2 provides as follows:
"(1) An application may be made by motion to set aside for irregularity any proceedings, any step taken in the proceedings or any document, judgment or order in it, and the grounds of it shall be stated in the notice of the application.
(2) No application to set aside any proceeding for irregularity shall be allowed unless it is made within a reasonable time and the party applying has not taken any fresh step after knowledge of the irregularity."
The provisions of Order 81 have received a lot of judicial interpretation and application over time. Prior to the decision in the Standard Bank Offshore case under consideration, the position of the Supreme Court in the consequences of a breach of the provisions of the rules of court was fortified in the case of Friesland Frico Domo v Dachel Co. Ltd [2012] 1SCGLR 41 where it was held at page 43 that "We agree with Counsel for Plaintiff on his submissions and authorities cited that the words in Order 70 r.1 of LN140[13] should be given its ordinary meaning in order to serve the ends of justice. In that respect non-compliance with any of the rules does not render the proceedings automatically void."
The Supreme Court further held that "…the distinction between void and voidable proceedings cannot be maintained on account of the plain and ordinary meaning of the said Order."[14]
Now, the decision in the Friesland Domo case obliviates any difference between the "mandatory" provisions of the rules of court which are identified by the use of the word "shall" and the permissible provisions of the rules of court which are identified by the use of the word "may". Indeed by the ratio in the Friesland Domo case, there was no breach of the rules which could be deemed to be so fundamental that it would be incurable even if the non-defaulting party waives its right by taking a fresh step in the matter.
Under Order 81 rule (2) (2), a party who has taken a fresh step in the proceedings after knowledge of the irregularity is deemed to have waived any right to complain of a non-compliance with any of the provisions of the rules of Court. In the case of Fah v Bediatuo[15], the learned High Court Judge held that "I consider that the appearance in court of counsel for the plaintiff who had not been duly served with the hearing notices and who actually applied for an adjournment constitutes sufficient fresh steps and that the alleged irregularity of non-service cannot now be complained of."
In the Friesland Domo case[16], the Supreme Court refused an invitation to set aside the whole proceedings and a judgment on the complaint raised for the first time on appeal that the Plaintiff did not seek leave of the court before issuing a writ of summons, notice of which was to be served outside the jurisdiction. The basis of the judgment of the Supreme Court was that since the Defendant has partaken in the proceedings and submitted to judgment, it is deemed to have waived its right to raise an objection later to a breach of any of the provisions of the rules of court.
In another reported case which was decided under Order 3 rule 4 of LN 140A, the High Court exercised its discretion to order an amendment of the Writ of Summons to include the address of the non-resident Plaintiff once there was evidence that the Plaintiff actually existed. Hayfron -BENJAMIN J (as he then was) held Kimon Compania Naviera Sarp & Ors v Volta Lines Ltd [1972] 2GLR 140 @ 143 that:
"The next question is whether failure to state these is fatal and renders the writs null and void or is merely an irregularity which can be waived. It is clear that when a writ is taken out by a nonexistent Plaintiff, it is a nullity and will be set aside. In these cases, there is no dispute that these Plaintiffs actually exist somewhere; it is their whereabouts that have not been disclosed."
He thus concluded that "I ought to grant him (counsel), the facility to remedy these defects. Any inconvenience or damage suffered by the defendant because as a result of this irregularity can be compensated by an award of costs, which in these cases ought to be on the high side."
Now back to the facts of the Standard Bank Offshore case, the breach of the rules complained of was in respect of the failure of the Plaintiff to indorse the Writ of Summons with its address. The Supreme Court held that "It is to be stressed that the provisions of Order 2 rule 4 (2) of CI 47 are obligatory and it is not one of those provisions which the court is permitted by Order 81 to waive for non-compliance".
The author is of the opinion that this ratio flies in the face of the previous decisions of the Supreme Court which confirmed that a breach of the rules of any of the provisions of the CI 47 is one which could be waived by the non-defaulting Party, subject to the provisions of Order 81 rules 2 (2) of CI 47.
In effect, it is the contention of the author that assuming that the Plaintiff has capacity (i.e. is a legal or artificial entity which has a cause of action) but the Writ of Summons is not indorsed with the address of the Plaintiff, it behooves on the Defendant to raise the objection to the non-compliance by entering a conditional appearance to the Writ. If the Defendant enters unconditional appearance and proceeds to partake in the trial and judgment is delivered, the Defendant will be deemed to have taken a fresh step and have waived any right to raise this objection again.
The Defendant cannot partake in the trial, even after knowledge of the non-compliance of the requirement of Order 2 rule 4(2) of CI 47 and only raise the objection on appeal. If this tardiness is indulged by the appellant courts, it will render the provisions in Order 81 rule 2 (2) otiose and unnecessary.
Again, it is the opinion of the author that the purpose of Order 2 rule 4 (2) is to ensure that parties who are not resident in Ghana actually exist and are clothed with legal personality in the legal system in which it operates. The disclosure of the address of any such party, is one of the ways of confirming the legal existence or otherwise of the Party. So that where the party is legally incorporated in a foreign jurisdiction and begins an action but fails to provide an address, that Writ should not be a nullity if the Party provides evidence of its legal existence. The opposite is that if a party indorses a Writ with an address and evidence is adduced that that party is not clothed with legal personality at the time of the filing of the Writ, the Writ becomes a nullity, the indorsement of the address notwithstanding.
The Supreme Court was right in holding that where the Plaintiff is a non-resident Ghanaian, the indorsement as to the foreign address of that Plaintiff was a pre-requiste to the issuance of the Writ. Where we opine that the Supreme Court erred is when it concluded that the failure to indorse the Writ with the foreign address of non-resident Plaintiff, was an error which cannot be corrected by amendment after the Writ has been issued.
The problem this decision creates is one of uncertainty with respect to which breaches of the rules of Court is curable by Order 81 and which are not curable.
In Conclusion, the author will contend as follows:
The provisions of Order 2 rule 4 (2) are intended to ensure that the Plaintiff who is not resident in Ghana is clothed with capacity to initiate proceedings in Ghana.
The indorsement of an address on the Writ of Summons is a means of confirming the existence of the Party commencing the action so that if there is evidence of the existence of the Party, the failure to indorse the Writ of Summons with an address does not render the Writ a nullity.
The non-compliance with the provisions of Order 2 rule 4 (2) like other provisions in the CI 47, though couched in mandatory terms, can be waived by the non-defaulting party who does not raise the objection within a reasonable time and takes a fresh step after its knowledge has been brought to the non-compliance.
The ratio in the cases of Naos Holding v Ghana Commercial Bank and Standard Bank Offshore Co Ltd & Ors v National Investment Bank & Ors are valid to the extent that they hold that if the Party who issues a Writ does not exist at the time of the issuance of the Writ and does not provide any evidence of its existence when a challenge to its existence is raised, the Writ is a nullity.
Any interpretation of the ratio in the cases cited immediately above to the effect that the non indorsement of the Writ of Summons with the address of the Plaintiff automatically renders the Writ a nullity, even if the Plaintiff is clothed with legal capacity to initiate the action, defeats the purpose of the subject rule.
The author will end with the admonition of Atuguba JSC in the review decision of the Standard Bank Offshore case[17]. The learned jurist held at page 19 of the ruling that "That being so, the decision of the ordinary bench in this case in holding the Writ in this case void for non-disclosure of the addresses of the foreign persons on whose behalf the Applicant sued, is with the greatest respect, difficult to support. There has been a long settled judicial attitude in favor of saving actions and other processes from perdition on account of procedural blunders."
Despite proceeding to dismiss the review application on other grounds, the learned Jurist concluded with the hope that "the decision of the ordinary bench of this court will soon be departed from in subsequent cases". A hope which is shared by this author.
[1] Luke 9: 58 (New King James Version)
[2] (Civil Appeal No: J4/15/2019)
[3] Section 15 of the Courts Act, 1993, Act 459.
[4] Order 2 rule 3 (1)
[5] Order 2 rule 5 (1) (a) also has similar provisions requiring the indorsement of the Writ with the residential and occupational address of the Plaintiff.
[6] [2017-2018]1SCLRG 707
[7] Reported in the [2005-2006] SCGLR 407
[8] Supra
[9] Naos Holding Ltd v Ghana Commercial Bank (supra)
[10] [2017-2018]1SCLRG 707
[11] This decision follows the ratio in the decision of the Supreme Court in the case of Agbesi v Ghana Ports and Harbour Authority [2007-2008] SCGLR 469
[12] The original text reads: "Where, in beginning or purporting to begin any proceedings or at any stage in the course of or in connection with any proceedings, there has, by reason of anything done or left undone, been a failure to comply with the requirements of these Rules, whether in respect of time, place, manner, form or content or in any other respect, the failure shall not be treated as an irregularity and shall not nullify the proceedings, any step taken in the proceedings, or any document, judgment or order in it". However, the Supreme Court in the case of Republic v. High Court, Accra, ex parte Allgate Co. Ltd. (Amalgated Bank) Interested Party [2007-2008] SCGLR 1041 judicially amended this provision to delete the word "not" preceding "be treated as".
[13] The provisions of Order 81 of CI 47 are similar to the provisions of Order 70 of LN 140A
[14] Cases such as Republic v. High Court, Accra, ex parte Allgate Co. Ltd. (Amalgated Bank) Interested Party [2007-2008] SCGLR 1041 and Boakye v Tutuyehene [2007-2008] 1SGLR 970 also confirmed the position of the Supreme Court on the fact that any and every breach of the provisions of the rules of court is curable if the conditions laid down in Order 81 (2) are met.
[15] [1964] GLR 468 @ 472
[16] Supra
[17] Review Motion No J77/15/2017 delivered on 14th March 2018
Bobby Banson
The Writer is the Lead Consultant with Robert Smith Law Group, a boutique law firm based in Accra and assists with the teaching of Civil Procedure at the Ghana School of Law, Makola Campus-Accra. He is also Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators.
https://ghanalawhub.com/author/bb/
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Derick Adu-Gyamfi 3 years
Excellent write up.
Mawukoenya Nutekpor 3 years


….This survey is for gathering data from professionals and those who witness first-hand, the effects of endless canine tethering. This is a way of helping AMERICA to speak out in MASS against the atrocity of this epidemic.The material is being collected to be used to present to legislators and law makers, to introduce a Master Federal Bill for sponsorship against this practice nationwide. Thank you for your valuable input! Please be as DETAILED as possible with your answers.Thank you -PLEASE SHARE!


I'M VERY HAPPY with my Disney obsession. I've met many wonderful people because of it.
In 2001, while searching for discounts for one of our first Disney World vacations, I found a Disney message board. I learned a lot from reading it, and made good friends too.
I've been posting on that Disney message board with the same friends for many years. We come from different parts of the world but share the same love of Disney. Some members drop off, and some new join, but our main friendships have lasted over a decade.
Every time a couple of us get a chance to meet we tend to pick Cracker Barrel. We always ended up with a picture of us sitting in the rockers so it has now become a tradition. We met Ann for breakfast in St. Augustine, Florida on the way to Disney World and we did the traditional photo sitting in the Florida rocking chairs.
Sometimes we meet in the Disney parks when we are going at the same time. It's wonderful to tour the parks and share the fun with another Disney World fan.
Special meets (Disney-themed conventions) happen around the world. The last meet we went to, we met with Disney friends Colleen and Andy. It was a fun and informative day. The back wall of the convention hall was filled with beautiful baskets that they raffled off to make money for the Make-A-Wish Foundation®.
Participants checking out the baskets to be auctioned for "Make a Wish"
There were talks and seminars on everything from photography and scrapbooking to Disney's internships and becoming a Cast Member. The hall was decorated with balloons, and every table had a prize to be won at the end of the day by a random drawing. Ours was a Minnie Mouse garden statue, won by Colleen. This was the perfect match for the Mickey statue she had back home.
We have also met Dis friends outside of the Disney setting. We first met Colleen when we went with her and her husband to the Pennsylvania Renaissance Faire.
Another time Mike and I took a trip to Niagara Falls, Canada. We met Robin and her daughter there and spent the weekend touring and enjoying each other's company. It's great to finally meet people you've been corresponding with for years.
Our favorite gathering was a four-night cruise on the Disney Wonder in 2007. I've been on other cruises, but this was the most fun because we were able to share it with good friends.
Feature photo (see top of story): The Disney Wonder docked at Disney's private Island, Castaway Cay, Bahamas. They keep the Flying Dutchman docked here when it's not being used for a Pirates of the Caribbean movie.
Adventures Away! Sail-Away Celebrations on the Disney ships are the best way to start the cruise. Held on the main deck, there is lots of music and dancing. Cast Members offer beer and frozen drinks to the adults. Disney characters dance with the children, and everyone is in a party mood.
Standing at the rail of the ship as we start to sail out of Port Canaveral, we see the cast members at the cruise terminal waving goodbye with big Mickey gloves on their hands. Then we hear the ship's horn blow its signature melody, "When You Wish Upon a Star" (my favorite part of sail-away), and we know we're on our way to four nights of great fun and fantastic food.
Cast Members from the terminal sending us off Mickey Mouse style!
The Disney princesses love to meet the little ones. They do this in the atrium. There was Cinderella, Ariel from Little Mermaid and Aurora from Sleeping Beauty, among others. It's so cute to see the little girls all dressed up in their finery, giving hugs or a pretty curtsey while they get their picture taken with their favorite princess.
There are Disney characters all around the ship. While Mike and I were on the elevator it opened to show us Alice and the Mad Hatter playing hide-and-seek on the stairs and elevators with a couple of kids. They were all having such fun!
One of the special nights is Pirate Night. It starts off with a pirate-themed dinner. Guests are encouraged to dress as pirates, and the waiters do too. They even parade around the room with the kids just before they serve the last course. Then off to the pirate deck party, complete with fireworks.
A neat thing I recommend is linking to each others' reservations—that way everyone gets the same table and dining rotation. We had our days free to do whatever we liked, then met up for meals and evening entertainment. We all had daily adventures to talk about and had fun comparing notes and making recommendations for the next day.
Every evening there was a Broadway-style stage show, with a Disney theme of course. They were well done and entertaining for all ages.
After the shows we would all meet up in WaveBands, a nightclub in the Route 66 entertainment area that offers family entertainment during the day but in the evening it's adults only. It's a very cool place, with vintage radios and hundreds of old records and albums covering the walls. There is dancing and karaoke and it's great fun.
The Disney Wonder has quite a few things offered for adults only. For instance, they have an adult pool area, and the Cove Café is a quiet place to read and enjoy a cup of coffee.
One of the things adults can do is go to a brunch or dinner or even a high tea at their adult-exclusive restaurant called Palo. We booked the brunch with Robin and her husband. We had a relaxing meal, in a pretty dining room with full windows all around to watch the sea while you dine.
The food offerings were wonderful, and I couldn't possibly have tried everything offered. There were huge trays with assorted cheeses, pastries, fresh fruit, vegetables and antipastos, crab legs and jumbo shrimp. They have a station were the chef will make you a personal pizza to order—or omelets, pancakes, Eggs Benedict and many other choices.
The dessert offerings were like a dream. They had beautiful creations, such as white chocolate slippers filled with glazed fruits, and bowls of chocolate mousse with confection swans sitting on top, along with all kinds of tarts, and parfaits. More then anyone could hope for. The extra cost of $10.00 per person was well worth it!
Mike and I will be taking another cruise with our Disney friends in 2012 on Disney's newest ship, the Disney Dream. Maybe we will see you then too. It's a wonderful way to meet up and make memories. Good friends and good times!
* Disney message boards contain a great deal of info and there are many to choose from. A few of my favorites: DISboards, AllEars.net and INTERCOT.
* It's very true when people say "cruising makes your clothes shrink," so pack a few things a size bigger than you normally wear.
* Among the amazing facts about the Disney Wonder is its eleven gargantuan decks and its capacity to accommodate 2,700 passengers—along with 950 Cast Members and crew.
* White Glove Destinations notes that magical portholes in the inside staterooms of the Disney Dream offer a real-time view of the outside of the ship. The Sorcerer Mickey suspended from the back of the Dream weighs about 2,500 pounds.
* Disney Dream's signature horn melody is "A Dream is a Wish Your Heart Makes," but it's the first Disney ship that can also play several different melodies. And the first ship to offer its own onboard water coaster, known as the Aqua Duck.
You have always been "SOMEBODY" to me! One of my good friends that "Disney" gave me!
What a GREAT article and SO much fun! I love that the DisBoard friends have met so much! I've been on 4 cruises with Rick & Robin….and I can't wait for the next one!
Thanks for such a FUN trip down memory lane and the information about the cruise line…..
Going through the pictures for this article was a lot of fun. I didn't know you went on that many cruises with Rick and Robin!Great! I am really looking forward to the next cruise too!
It is a lot of fun and I feel blessed to have found Ann, and all my other Disney friends. Its a wonderful thing to be able to share the thing you love with the people who love it too, and whats not to love about Disney!
Why just Imagine the fun? Join us next Aug, the more the merrier!
Any cruise is just a booking away!
Great article. It's surprising to find out how much I have in common with other people just by talking about trips to Disney World. It's also interesting to compare cruising experiences, Disney is better!
I agree Disney cruises are better.
Wonderful story and pictures. I loved the trivia about the Aqua Duck . . . watching the video makes me want to take my grandson down that slide!
I'm looking forward to the Aqua Duck myself….and I wont have kids when I go…but I'm the biggest kid I know!
We will meet someday too! This article really makes me want to take a Disney cruise!
I can guarantee if you took a Disney Cruise you will not be disappointed.
I would love to meet with you sometime.
Great article. Sounds like fun.
Thanks for posting this great article. We had such a fantastic time together onboard the Disney Wonder and also the many other times that we have managed to get together over the years.
I love re-living everything in this article!.. Disney has changed my life, if for no other reason then giving me a great way to make some great friends.
Cant wait for Aug. to see you all again!


Is one of your resolutions to adopt a new pet? Figure out what is the perfect pet for you!
In reflecting over the past year, I decided to share blog posts that I and our readers liked most.
Myth or fact: A rabbit's teeth don't ever stop growing. We have the answer!
A sweet rabbit face can sometimes be difficult to find through all the fur and tangles! However, with the proper grooming technique, your furry friend will be mat-free and visible in no time.
Have your own place? Thinking about adopting a pet, but have no clue what type of animal? Find your perfect match here!


From our Byzantine range, faceted lemon quartz teardrop earrings. 9ct gold dipped sterling silver hooks. Lemon quartz is said to reduce negative thoughts and enhance the positive aspects of the wearer, bringing the mind into focus by amplifying thoughts and information. Stone measures 1.5cm from top to bottom and 1.5cm at widest point. Total earring height from top of hook to bottom of stone = 2.5cm. Each pair comes in its own recycled vintage sari drawstring bag. Also available in smokey quartz, rose quartz and amethyst. Please note that semi precious stones can feature natural occlusions - these are not considered a fault. In accordance with health regulations, pierced earrings are not eligible for return or exchange.


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Veteran's Memorial Stadium was built in the 1950s. The Committee is proposing $1,982,846 to go towards repairing existing steel and aluminum bleachers and add additional guardrails and fencing for safety. This stadium will continue to be used along with the proposed second stadium to accommodate five comprehensive 5A high schools.


text:
By Jocelyn Bromley 08.01.2017
Manchester Orchestra: A Black Mile To The Surface
I've wanted to get into Manchester Orchestra for some time now given that they are named after the UK town that churned out seminal bands like Joy Division, The Smiths, and The Stone Roses along with later bands such as The 1975, and my personal favorite, Elbow. I imagined working class songs with a clear homage to the bands listed above. Rock/Alternative peppered with classical orchestral arrangements to give them a unique edge. That is not what I discovered to be the case. I haven't dug what I've heard over the years but maybe that was because my image of them couldn't reconcile itself with their actual sound or maybe I just wasn't ready. Lately when "The Gold" comes on the radio I find myself turning up the volume so why not check out their new album?
The band was formed in Atlanta in 2004. After a decade growing with four studio albums released, only two original members are left standing; singer-songwriter and rhythm guitarist Alex Hull, and lead guitarist Robert McDowell so I can imagine that their sound has evolved over all these changes and growing pains. I won't pretend that I know this for certain. Instead I am going to approach this album as a stand-alone product- no drama. I unfortunately have to say that while listening I couldn't stop myself from being reminded of Band of Horses given the albums ambiance and Hull's similar vocal style and of Turin Brakes with the same cartwheel pop some of the songs churn out. The disappointment comes because I was still hold on to my thought that Manchester Orchestra's sound would be singular.
Drama however is apparent throughout the record. Not in your old fashioned you broke my heart by doing or not doing this and that although we have touches here and there but more so in that we are watching a science fiction movie unfold narratively and sonically in front of our senses. More so like a TV series. Every track, a single episode represented with a "the" before a single word; "The Maze", "The Moth", "The Mistake", with the exception of one; "Lead" – which I suppose is where our stories take place but we don't find out where we are until track four.
This show is probably like Supernatural. The lyrics and haunting sounds – sometimes brought on by a chanting chorus in the background warning us not to look inside to the point of screeching, a synth, or guitar fuzz. With tracks like "The Grocery" and "The Wolf" that represent this alternate reality, it's not hard to see that the band is running from something – whether or not it's a hallucination is yet to be determined. "The Moth" itself feels like a chase scene. Oddly enough "The Alien" is a sweet lullaby with twinkling keyboard plinks.
There are some strong songs, those that anchor the characters to this place by love. "The Gold" mentions how he "couldn't really love you anymore, you've become a ceiling." "The Parts" is a beautiful piece with echo vocals that offer a plea of longing; "I'll be a page in your book if you'll let me." "The Maze", the album's opener, is an ode to an amazing person with rising voices in praise of "unspeakable love" that is honoured by its rising promise of what's to come, encouraging you to venture fourth.
Other-worldly things plague this town in the form of ghosts. You can hear the haunting in the lyrics and the music. Although the tracks bleed into each other like a Pink Floyd record and electronic pulses reminiscent of Radiohead and Muse are sensed throughout, these facets along with emotional delivery give this record a distinctive sound, one that is enjoyable. The album's closer, ironically titled "The Silence", is a cliff-hanger for next season. It's the kind of song that could have been placed first in the track listing and yet makes sense for the last song we hear because it certainly is a goodbye, at least until the next time. I'll be tuning in again.
Jocelyn Bromley
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The New York Court of Appeals has just upheld a December 2017 decision in the People v. Berrezueta, where a man carrying an assisted-opening knife was charged with attempted criminal possession of a weapon in the fourth degree. The basis of the decision was made by interpreting Berrezueta's assisted-opening knife as a switchblade under the New York Penal Law definition.
The decision could complicate future cases, too. "It creates a trap for all knife owners who would rationally never consider an assisted-opening folder to be a switchblade, especially if they were intimately familiar with plain wording of New York's switchblade statue," Knife Rights explains.
Judge Rivera's dissenting opinion does not overturn the other judges' decision. If there's a silver lining, it's that dissenting opinions can be useful in court as persuasive authority for establishing precedent. However, persuasive Authority is not as strong as existing court cases. Possession of a weapon in the fourth degree is a Class A Misdemeanor and can bring up to one year of jail time or three years of probation, and a fine of up to $1000.
Next Story → Spyderco Files Counterfeit Suit Against iOffer, Inc.


According to a source close to the team, UB Bulls tailback James Starks will miss the opening of the 2009-10 season due to an undisclosed shoulder injury. If surgery is needed, he may need to sit out his entire senior season.
The source said Starks had an MRI Friday, which revealed the injury.
Starks' backup Brandon Thermilus was named starter at today's practice. Thermilus, a junior, saw an expanded role last season, carrying the ball 100 times for 454 yards and seven scores. It is expected that he and senior tailback Mario Henry will anchor the team's rushing attack during Starks' absence.
Starks has been an intricate part of the Bulls offense since joining the squad as a freshman in 2006. He was a standout last season, rushing for over 1,300 yards for the MAC Champion Bulls.
The Niagara Falls native's 16 touchdowns were the most ever for the UB football program since joining the Division I ranks.
This season, the Bulls offense was to be led by Starks and fellow Western New Yorker, wide receiver Naaman Roosevelt. Both were predicted to be mid to late round selections in the upcoming 2010 NFL Draft.
The Bulls open their season Sept. 5 at UTEP.
Despite earlier reports from The Buffalo News, UB Bulls running back James Starks will in fact miss the entire 2009-10 season after an MRI on Friday discovered a labral tear in his shoulder.
Starks, a fifth year senior, will not have eligibility remaining after this season.
"The doctors did an MRI that revealed James had a labral tear that required surgery," head coach Turner Gill said in a press release sent out Tuesday morning. "He tried rehab and practices but it was too painful for him to play. Therefore he will have the surgery now and miss the season. It will be a 4-6 month recovery period. Doctors have told me that they anticipate he will make a complete recovery and I believe he will have an opportunity to play at the next level.
"On behalf of the staff and his teammates we want to thank James for all of his outstanding contributions to the University at Buffalo football program, the University and the Western New York community," he said. "He is scheduled to graduate in December, and of course, will remain a part of this program."
Starks is the school's all-time leading rusher with 3,140 yards, 34 rushing touchdowns, and 222 points, and he ranks fifth in all-purpose yardage with 3,830 yards. He had been named to the preseason watch list for the Doak Walker Memorial trophy, given to the nation's top running back.
"Injuries are, and will always be, a huge part of football," said Gill in the release, "but this one is particularly painful because of what James has meant to this program and community. However, this is an incredible opportunity for a group of very talented running backs that we have to step up and help us achieve our goals this season."


Use these scripts and objection handlers for real estate agents to get exclusive buyer agency agreements signed by clients to protect time and commission income. They key to obtaining a signature on a buyer agency agreement is to present it in a matter-of-fact manner as if it must be signed prior to moving forward with showing homes. An exclusive buyer agency agreement entitles the agent to a commission when the client purchases a home within a specified time period. So if an agent expects to be compensated for the time, expense and expertise associated with locating and showing properties, the buyer agency agreement should be presented at the initial buyer consultation presentation as if it were the agent's policy that the agreement be signed by all clients. Before we examine some scripts for getting exclusive buyer agency agreements signed and how to overcome buyer objections to signing them below, watch our panel of top buyers agents reveal their scripts and tips for getting buyer agency agreements signed in this video.


Passive DI boxes require no power to operate and can handle high signal levels with ease. These are typically preferred by musicians with active instruments like a portable keyboard.
The Radial JDI is a warm sounding passive direct box that can transfer extreme signal levels without distortion while eliminating hum and buzz caused by ground loops.
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The Radial SB-2 is a passive direct box designed for keyboards and active bass. Features stereo to mono mix function to save mixer channels.
The Radial StageBug SB-5 is a compact stereo direct box designed to accommodate laptop computers, tablets and other consumer audio products when amplifying the signal through a PA system.
The Radial SB5-W is a passive stereo direct box designed to fit inside a standard electrical wall box and utilizing a Decora wall plate cover.
The Radial ProD8 is a high performance 8-channel passive direct box optimized for keyboard rigs in professional touring.


text:
David A. Rood
Foley & Lardner LLP
Dashboard Insights
Utilities & Transport
Is Tesla's Bid to Privatize a Clever Move to Put off Insolvency?
Tesla's Elon Musk has a long history of overpromising and under-delivering. In spite of being a 15-year-old company, which has yet to turn a profit, Tesla still finds itself with a market cap comparable with GM's, while producing just 1% of the total vehicles sold worldwide by GM. The disparity between the two divergent companies has provided fodder for many short sellers, such as David Einhorn of Greenlight Capital, who viewed the company's fundamentals as not justifying its share price. For example, Tesla shares failed to trend significantly downward, even though the company missed its Model 3 weekly production target of 5,000 vehicles by over a year. While Musk faced a recent unsuccessful shareholder rebellion, challenging his proposed list of board members, very little has moved the needle in the direction of the short sellers until recently, following Musk's tweet and blog post proposing taking Tesla private at a then-20% premium (now higher).
At a time when Tesla was trending at $350 per share, Musk intimated that he had secured the necessary funding to take Tesla private at $420 per share. Later reporting revealed the alleged source of funds to be Saudi Arabia's sovereign wealth fund. Following the efficient market hypothesis, one would predict that the share price would ultimately converge at the $420 premium price, as investors try to get in on the share buyout, and at first, that's exactly where the share price appeared headed. By the end of the day of Musk's announcement, Tesla's shares were already halfway to the $420 projection. However, this price was short-lived and the share price quickly plummeted in the ensuing days, netting short sellers approximately $1.2 billion.
In his announcement, Musk argued that having Tesla publicly traded subjects the company to the volatility of the share price as well as skews the focus toward quarterly production results, even if such focus is detrimental to the growth of the company. However, if we delve into the company's performance as it scales up production, it appears that there may be another consideration at play in the move toward privatization, especially when considering Tesla's status as a long-term money-losing venture.
As detailed by Bloomberg, in Tesla's early history, it raised most of its capital through traditional venture capital investments and debt to ensure survival. An initial public offering added hundreds of millions of dollars to the coffers and a U.S. Department of Energy loan made the company flush with capital. Tesla has also sold various bonds, including most recently junk bonds, which have seen varying profitability. Despite so much influx of capital over the years, in the last quarter, Tesla saw its most recent quarterly earnings mount a loss of over $700 million with $2.2 billion remaining in cash on hand. The company has consistently argued that profitability is just dependent upon reaching economies of scale with enough production volume. Even then, some analysts have suggested that Tesla would lose money on a base $35,000 model, poking holes in the company's arguments. Without a trend change, it's easy to see gloom up ahead and the potential for insolvency by the third quarter of 2019.
Enter: the proposal for taking Tesla private. An injection of cash from Saudi Arabia, after buyouts of disgruntled Tesla shareholders, may give Tesla more time to reach profitability, whether that is from vehicle sales or one of its other energy divisions. While it could be particularly costly to buyout shareholders at the premium price, some industry insiders believe that most shareholders would prefer to keep their stake in the company, as they have so far with all of its volatility. This loyalty should help reduce the takeover cost and allow the company to pocket more of the Saudi investment.
However, in the eventuality that Tesla does not find profitability in enough time, it bears to ask the question, "What happens with a Tesla insolvency?" With such strong global brand recognition, it seems impossible that Tesla could simply face liquidation. Instead, if it doesn't simply reorganize to wipe out its debts, Tesla would be ripe for acquisition. However, a look at its underlying technology may raise an issue. Tesla's powertrain is developed heavily as a partnership between Tesla and Panasonic. It is quite conceivable that Tesla owns little or none of its battery intellectual property. The drivetrain and design are certainly Tesla products, but may not be enough to lure in an OEM savior, especially with the heavy investment in EVs already by all of the world's automotive companies, which may independently be able to achieve the results of Tesla at a lower R&D cost than a Tesla acquisition cost. Instead, it seems most likely that Tesla will live on as either a standalone or integrated arm of a technology company seeking to enter the automotive space without building a company from scratch, or a foreign manufacturer eyeing a fast track to global legitimacy. In the meantime, keep an eye on Tesla's quarterly earnings to see if it makes any progress toward profitability before the cash is all gone.
© 2023 Foley & Lardner LLPNational Law Review, Volume VIII, Number 232
David A. Rood is an associate and intellectual property lawyer with Foley & Lardner LLP. He is a member of the firm's Mechanical & Electromechanical Technologies Practice and the Automotive Industry Team.
In 2014, Mr. Rood served as a summer associate with Harness, Dickey & Pierce, PLC. While in law school, Mr. Rood worked as a judicial intern for the Honorable George Caram Steeh in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan. Prior to his legal career, Mr. Rood gained experience as a naval engineer for Indústria Naval do Ceará in Fortaleza, Brazil,...
www.foley.com
www.foley.com/blogs


I was invited to one of my friends' daughter's birthday party this weekend! She turned into 3 years old now!! I've been thinking what kind of thing a 3 years old girl would like… I asked my mom over Skype. Then, we thought about an accessory!! Yes! NO GIRL dislikes accessories!!!
Can you recognize this smily guy? He was also here!!
My stuffed cow also looks quite happy with him around his neck.
The Anpanman necklace is in a gift-box waiting to see his new friend!!


With his third feature film, The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog, Alfred Hitchcock took a major step toward greatness and made what he would come to consider his true directorial debut. This haunting silent thriller tells the tale of a mysterious young man (matinee idol Ivor Novello) who takes up residence at a London boardinghouse, just as a killer who preys on blonde women, known as the Avenger, descends upon the city. The film is animated by the palpable energy of a young stylist at play, decisively establishing the director's formal and thematic obsessions. In this edition, The Lodger is accompanied by Downhill, another 1927 silent exploration of Hitchcock's wrong man trope, also headlined by Novello making for a double feature that reveals the great master of the macabre as he was just coming into his own.


Time for some honeymoon pickchas!!!!! The hubs and I went on a Carnival cruise to the Mexican Riviera for our honeymoon getaway! It was so fun, easily the best week of my life. Forgive me, this post will mostly be pictures and few words. But let's be honest, everyone only looks at the pictures anyway!
^Our first day on the boat was Mother's Day, so I was given this chocolatey treat at dinner!
^I could get used to this eatin'!
^First stop=Catalina Island...we did a lot of kissing on the cheek apparently.....as we should!
^ Funny story: Isaac and I went kayaking, obviously. We were all relaxed and having a great ol' time, when all of a sudden something came to my mind...SHARKS. We were sitting ducks that looked like a ginormous seal! We looked like shark food! So, I started freaking out because we had rowed ourselves pretty far away from the shore. A glass-bottom tour boat passed right by us at that exact moment and over the speaker the tour guide said, "And yes, there are sharks in these waters...blue sharks, hammerheads sharks..." And just like that I was pushing my little paddle with all my might back to shore.
^ We went on a tour of La Bufadora, which is just a giant blowhole...but the Mexican market was so fun!
^Music makes me dance, always.
^Even with mango in his mouth he's handsome!
^Sad to report that these tacos were absolutely disgusting, but Isaac liked them so 2 out of 5 stars from us.
^Isaac calls this candy. I call it poop on a stick.
^Last minute swirlies before we got off the boat, we had at least two a day!
It really was the best week of my life! I loved having an uninterrupted, fun time with my new hubby! I love him so much!
I can finally comment since I'm on my personal computer instead of my work one haha yay! I read every single post and I ALWAYS want to comment but the comment thing doesnt show up on my work computer. anyways, looks like you guys had an awesome time omggg! I went on a cruise once and it was literally the best thing of my entire life. you are so lucky! such a perfect thing to do for a honeymoon because it's all inclusive! anyways, novel comment over.
It looks like you guys had such an amazing time! Congrats and keep the fun times going!
We did the same cruise when we were on our honeymoon. It was a perfect little getaway and I recognize ALL of these places!