text:
Society | Heritage
Institute Menezes Braganza caught up in a row
17 April 1997 22:15 IST
While Vasco da Gama's centenary celebrations on his discovery of India are caught up in a nation-wide controversy, in Goa - the former Portuguese colony, a controversy has raked up over a 125-year old institute, started in the explorer's name in 1871.
The controversy has no relation with Vasco da Gama celebrations, but over the ownership of the Portuguese-founded institute, which owns century-old valuable paintings and antiques. The battle between the state authorities and the local intelligentsia has ultimately resulted in the Pratapsing Rane government taking over the "autonomous" institute.
Founded as Institute Vasco da Gama in 1871 to propagate Portuguese culture, it was renamed and reshaped soon after Goan liberation, to strengthen Indo-Latin cultural relations and provide an intellectual base through cultural and academic exchange. The Goa government continued financial support to the institution, while maintaining its separate identity.
Its wealth is over 250 original works in the form of oil paintings, prints, drawings and sculptures of European and Portuguese masters of the 19th century, including father of modern art Cezanne, Henry Russo, Reonar, Groze, Pissaro and Mattis Broque, a contemporary of Picasso. Even the prints are signed by the famous painters and would be valued $ one million each in the international market.
Around 100 paintings, besides this, are the original works of famous Portuguese masters while over 50 collections of Indian masters like Laxman Pai, Baburao Sadvelkar, Prafull Dahanukar, M F Hussain, Souza, Raza, Ara, Bhosle, Gaitonde etc etc. A sculpture of Beethoven's portrait is also the great pride of the Institute of Menezes Braganza (IBM). Equally valuable are the coins right from the days of Columbus, historically significant stamp collection, ceramics and wood carvings like the inquisition table of 16th century.
Claiming that it's a government property, the chief minister has now repealed the Portuguese decree of the IMB, "seeking permission of the House", while a government official has walked away with the art gallery keys. The Portuguese decree was changed in 1991. "We did not approve it because they wanted total autonomy", says M V Naik, director of art and culture.
The government has now passed the bill, repealing the decree and claiming its ownership, which is pending before the governor for his assent. While the authorities are planning to chase away the "fellows" (IMB members) after the assent is given, Dr Bailan de Sa, its chairman, is planning to file a writ challenging the government decision. "The paintings and antiques were donated to the IMB. It's not government property", he claims.
"We want to shift the paintings to the state museum as the institute has failed to preserve it and perform its duties", claims Rane, the chief minister. Naik, on the other hand, alleges that auditors have raised objections to the financial irregularities, misuse of grants given by the National Museum and even misuse of telephone by the IMB chairman.
But de Sa refuses to admit the allegations. On the contrary, he contends that the government has turned down all the requests made by the IMB to fund the renovation of the art gallery and its activities had to be curtailed due to paucity of funds. He also wonders why Rane had to object recently to the informal proposal made by Fundacao Oriente, a Portuguese cultural organisation, to get the art gallery renovated and the rare valuable paintings catalogued.
Rane however seems to have been irked over IMB's refusal to hand over the valuable paintings to the art and culture department, to be taken away for the Kala Mela in Delhi in February, organised annually by the Lalit Kala Academy. "How could we do it when Naik, in writing, refused to take responsibility for theft, damage or loss in transit, asks de Sa. He also recalls that a similar request made in '63 was turned down unanimously by the then IMB general assembly.
"Naik's ignorance about art and culture is proved by the very fact that he asked for the priceless works for the display at the Kala Mela, which is a contemporary arts and crafts fair held with a prime objective to promote latent talent of staff and students of various art institutions", observes Theodore Mesquita, secretary of the Goan Art Forum. "He even wanted to sell the paintings, if permitted", points out M K Jos, spokesman of a local NGO, showing Naik's letter.
The government's directive to shift a unique piano, finest of its kind in East Asia, to the Kala Academy, another state-funded cultural institute headed by chief minister Rane, was also not followed because it has a history of such valuables getting vanished. "A vast collection the Kala Academy had of unexhibited important paintings have found their way to the cabins of various government officials and VIPs mysteriously in the Secretariat", alleges Mesquita.
Being a Portuguese colony till 1961, Goa had valuable antiques in the form of furniture, paintings and even crockery, especially in the Raj Bhavan (former Palacio de Governador), which have vanished in the air when many past governors were transferred. On the other hand, valuable paintings donated to the Kala Academy have been deteriorating in its godowns. Young local artists are thus worried that the priceless collection of IMB may also 'disappear' from the government museum, which is ill-equipped to maintain it.
While the authorities now claim IMB to be its property and not an autonomous body, the government never maintained a healthy rapport with the 125-year old institute, alleges J B Sardesai, an IMB fellow. Though they don't say it publicly, several IMB members feel that Rane has simply made it a prestige issue and taken over one of the oldest institute of the state, which could be made more vibrant, by maintaining its autonomy and helping it with more funds.
Manoharrai Sardesai, a veteran Goan writer and an IMB fellow, describes government's decision an illegal, criminal, unscrupulous and immoral move. He seemed to be puzzled with Rane's attitude who, according to him, had told the IMB fellows last year that the institute should be called as Vasco da Gama Institute because da Gama was a great explorer. "Isn't it an insult to a nationalist like Menezes Braganza", he asks.
The institute, as per the constitution, has to be managed by 24 fellows, who are resident Goans and have attained stature of repute in the field of literature and fine arts, political science and science. Though 10 of its fellows are already out of it either due to death or migration, the IMB is yet to fill the vacancies due to "lack of reputed persons" of required calibre found in Goa. This rigid policy has however being criticised even by those, who strongly feel that it should remain autonomous.
The IMB also consists of around six honorary members, including scientists like Dr Z A Qasim while former army chief Gen. Sunith Rodricks, presently settled in Goa, is on the way of admission. Besides this, says de Sa, it has around 100 corresponding members who are working dedicatedly in the field of art, culture, literature, education, science etc.
Goa's young artists like Mesquita wonder why such an institution, which is a shrine of understanding, learning and excellence, should be taken over by the government. "If the government is not interested in funding it, it should give the institute free reign to garner financial assistance and expert opinion and undertaking from private bodies, who are willing in preserving, expanding and cataloguing the premises , as done in other cultural institutes in India and abroad", he opines.
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Welcome the new year with a bang. Be a part of a rocking celebration this new year eve with Dj, music, dance, live performance, lots of booze, and a delicious buffet. Get ready to witness a memorable evening with your friends and family with something entertaining the soul of everyone.


text:
from __future__ import print_function
import numpy as np
import mxnet as mx
import copy
from mxnet.test_utils import *
import pytest
from common import with_seed
from mxnet.gluon.model_zoo.vision import get_model

def make_subgraph(subg, *args):
    js = subg.tojson()
    return subg

@with_seed()
@pytest.mark.serial
def test_make_subgraph():
    def make_subgraph1(stype):
        a = mx.symbol.Variable(name='a', stype=stype)
        b = mx.symbol.Variable(name='b', stype=stype)
        c = a * b
        d = c * 2

        a1 = mx.symbol.Variable(name='a', stype=stype)
        b1 = mx.symbol.Variable(name='b', stype=stype)
        y = make_subgraph(c, a1, b1)
        y = y * 2

        s = (10, 10)
        a_arr = mx.nd.array(np.random.normal(-0.1, 0.1, size=s),
                ctx=default_context()).tostype(stype)
        b_arr = mx.nd.array(np.random.normal(-0.1, 0.1, size=s),
                ctx=default_context()).tostype(stype)
        return (d, y, {'a': a_arr, 'b': b_arr}, {})

    def create_weights(shapes, names):
        nd_dict = {}
        sym_dict = {}
        assert len(shapes) == len(names)
        for i in range(len(shapes)):
            sym_dict[names[i]] = mx.symbol.Variable(names[i])
            nd_dict[names[i]] = mx.nd.array(np.ones(shapes[i]), ctx=default_context())
        return (nd_dict, sym_dict)

    def make_subgraph_weight(orig, shape, stype):
        arg_shapes, out_shapes, aux_shapes = orig.infer_shape(data=shape)
        weight_shapes = arg_shapes[1:]
        weight_names = orig.list_arguments()[1:]
        weight_dict, weight_sym_dict = create_weights(weight_shapes, weight_names)
        aux_dict, aux_sym_dict = create_weights(aux_shapes, orig.list_auxiliary_states())

        input_dict = copy.deepcopy(weight_sym_dict)
        input_dict.update(aux_sym_dict)
        input_dict['data'] = mx.symbol.Variable('data', stype=stype)
        input_list = []
        for name in orig.list_inputs():
            assert name in input_dict.keys()
            input_list.append(input_dict[name])
        subg = make_subgraph(orig, *input_list)

        arr = mx.nd.random.uniform(-1, 1, shape=shape, ctx=default_context()).tostype(stype)
        arg_dict = weight_dict
        arg_dict['data'] = arr
        return (orig, subg, arg_dict, aux_dict)

    def make_subgraph2(stype, out_mean_var):
        data = mx.symbol.Variable('data', stype=stype)
        orig = mx.symbol.BatchNorm(data, fix_gamma=False,
                output_mean_var=out_mean_var, name="batchnorm")
        s = (10, 10)
        return make_subgraph_weight(orig, s, stype)

    def make_subgraph3(stype):
        data = mx.symbol.Variable('data', stype=stype)
        conv1 = mx.symbol.Convolution(data=data, kernel=(3, 3), num_filter=16, no_bias=True)
        bn1 = mx.symbol.BatchNorm(conv1, fix_gamma=False, output_mean_var=False)
        conv2 = mx.symbol.Convolution(data=data, kernel=(3, 3), num_filter=16, no_bias=True)
        bn2 = mx.symbol.BatchNorm(conv2, fix_gamma=False, output_mean_var=False)
        orig = bn1 + bn2
        s = (1, 3, 32, 32)
        return make_subgraph_weight(orig, s, stype)

    def make_subgraph4(stype):
        model = get_model('resnet18_v1')
        model.hybridize()
        model.initialize()
        s = (1, 3, 32, 32)
        data = mx.nd.random.normal(shape=s)
        out = model(data)
        model.export('resnet18')
        orig = mx.sym.load('resnet18-symbol.json')
        return make_subgraph_weight(orig, s, stype)

    make_subgraphs = [make_subgraph1,
            lambda stype: make_subgraph2(stype, False),
            lambda stype: make_subgraph2(stype, True),
            make_subgraph3, make_subgraph4]
    stypes = ['default', 'row_sparse']
    for make_subg in make_subgraphs:
        for stype in stypes:
            orig, subg, inputs, aux_states = make_subg(stype)
            all_inputs = copy.deepcopy(inputs)
            all_inputs.update(aux_states)
            args_grad = {key : mx.nd.empty(shape=all_inputs[key].shape) for key in all_inputs.keys()}
            e1 = orig._bind(ctx=default_context(), args=all_inputs, args_grad=args_grad,
                    aux_states=all_inputs)
            args_grad = {key : mx.nd.empty(shape=all_inputs[key].shape) for key in all_inputs.keys()}
            e2 = subg._bind(ctx=default_context(), args=all_inputs, args_grad=args_grad,
                    aux_states=all_inputs)
            e1.forward(is_train=True)
            e2.forward(is_train=True)
            for i in range(len(e1.outputs)):
                assert_almost_equal(e1.outputs[i].asnumpy(), e2.outputs[i].asnumpy(),
                        rtol=0.001, atol=0.0001)

            out_grads = [mx.nd.random.uniform(-1, 1, shape=out.shape, ctx=default_context())
                    for out in e1.outputs]
            e1.backward(out_grads)
            e2.backward(out_grads)
            for i in range(len(e1.grad_arrays)):
                assert_almost_equal(e1.grad_arrays[i].asnumpy(), e2.grad_arrays[i].asnumpy(),
                        rtol=0.001, atol=0.0001)

@pytest.mark.serial
def test_subgraph_with_customOp():
    class MyAdd(mx.operator.CustomOp):
        def forward(self, is_train, req, in_data, out_data, aux):
            self.assign(out_data[0], req[0], in_data[0] + 1)

        def backward(self, req, out_grad, in_data, out_data, in_grad, aux):
            self.assign(in_grad[0], req[0], out_grad[0])

    @mx.operator.register('MyAdd1')
    class MyAdd1Prop(mx.operator.CustomOpProp):
        def __init__(self):
            super(MyAdd1Prop, self).__init__(need_top_grad=True)

        def list_arguments(self):
            return ['data']

        def list_outputs(self):
            return ['output']

        def infer_shape(self, in_shape):
            # inputs, outputs, aux
            return [in_shape[0]], [in_shape[0]], []

        def create_operator(self, ctx, shapes, dtypes):
            return MyAdd()

    @mx.operator.register('MyAdd2')
    class MyAdd2Prop(mx.operator.CustomOpProp):
        def __init__(self):
            super(MyAdd2Prop, self).__init__(need_top_grad=True)

        def list_arguments(self):
            return ['data']

        def list_outputs(self):
            return ['output']

        def infer_shape(self, in_shape):
            # inputs, outputs, aux
            return [in_shape[0]], [in_shape[0]], []

        def create_operator(self, ctx, shapes, dtypes):
            return MyAdd()

    inp = mx.nd.zeros(shape=(100, 100))
    a = mx.symbol.Variable('a')
    b = a + 1
    b = mx.symbol.Custom(data=a, op_type='MyAdd1')
    c = mx.symbol.Custom(data=a, op_type='MyAdd2')
    b._bind(mx.cpu(), {'a': inp}).forward()
    c._bind(mx.cpu(), {'a': inp}).forward()
    mx.nd.waitall()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Ewangelista – określenie chrześcijańskiego działacza religijnego, duchownego lub świeckiego, którego zadaniem jest głoszenie Ewangelii rozumianej jako kluczowy element orędzia chrześcijańskiego. Nie należy go mylić z autorami czterech Ewangelii kanonicznych względnie apokryficznych czyli osobami żyjącymi na początku I wieku.

Geneza
Najwcześniej to specyficzne pojęcie zostało rozpowszechnione w ewangelikalnym protestantyzmie i odnosi się je m.in. do wybitnych kaznodziejów takich jak np. Charles Grandison Finney, Billy Sunday, Billy Graham, Luis Palau, Ulrich Parzany, Corrie ten Boom. Środowiska posługujące się takim nazewnictwem odwołują się do istnienia w pierwotnym chrześcijaństwie instytucji ewangelistów jako kaznodziejów głoszących treści Ewangelii (zob. np. Ef 4:11; 1 Kor 12, 28).

Współczesność
Poza protestantyzmem pojęcie to stosowane jest także np. w Kościele katolickim, m.in. w Ruchu Odnowy w Duchu Świętym. Na gruncie polskiego katolicyzmu często występuje określenie ewangelizator, by odróżniać go od ewangelisty jako autora księgi zawartej w Nowym Testamencie. Jedno ze źródeł w następujący sposób definiuje ewangelizatora: "Ewangelizator – ksiądz, osoba zakonna, małżonek, rodzic, świecki katecheta, każdy dojrzały chrześcijanin – to nie ideolog, czyli głosiciel jakiejś idei, ale świadek Żywego Boga, czyli tej jedynej Osoby we wszechświecie, która nie tylko nieodwołalnie kocha, ale wręcz jest miłością.". Również Świadkowie Jehowy używają terminu ewangelizator, który dotyczy wszystkich prowadzących działalność ewangelizatorską (głosicieli, pionierów i misjonarzy). Ewangelista to jeden z pięciu darów służby w eklezjologii ruchu apostolskiego.

Ukazanie w dziełach kultury
 Wielebny Gustav Briegleb zagrany przez Johna Malkovicha w filmie Oszukana (2008)
 Wielebny Scroggins w filmie "Smażone zielone pomidory" (1991)

Zobacz też
 Ewangeliści
 Pięć darów służby
 Tydzień Ewangelizacyjny w Dzięgielowie

Przypisy

Kultura protestantyzmu
Liturgia protestancka
Neokatechumenat
Ruch Światło-Życie

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Archive -Oct 2018
Natural foods have immense power to not only prevent but also heal us of chronic and difficult diseases, says Jamuna Rangachari
Hippocrates said ages ago, "Let food be our medicine and medicine our food." The way we eat food can either rejuvenate and revive, or destroy us completely. Our food gives our body 'information' and the materials it needs to function properly. If we don't get the right information, our metabolic processes suffer and our health declines. Humans and other species live very symbiotically with nature. Natural foods such as fruits, leaves, juices, seeds, and nuts contain all the elements necessary for our health, rejuvenation, and survival. Naturally available food and water are strong enough to heal us of most diseases; yet, these days, we have to depend on medicines and injectables to treat problems caused by eating or overeating.
Consequently, the question arises, "Where are we going wrong?" Dr Nandita Shah, a holistic healer, says, "One of the biggest causes of disease today is our unnatural diet. Although we've been taught by our society that we are omnivores, the truth is that we are not. A true omnivore can attack its prey, tear it apart, and eat it raw and whole. Since we can do none of this with the animals that we eat, we must realise that this is not our natural food. Our mouths water when we see fruits and vegetables on a farm. These are therefore the most suitable foods for our species. Eating foods that are not suitable for our species is like fuelling a car that runs on petrol, with diesel. The results will not be good, even if it's only a small amount."
She speaks about eating natural foods and not refining them, as maximum nutrition of any fruit lies just under its skin. She also tells us how pesticides destroy the human body. They disrupt the hormones, which is why many are suffering from hormonal problems such as diabetes, PCOD, hypothyroidism, menstrual and menopausal disorders, infertility, and breast, prostate, and ovarian cancers. And her claim is not false.
Many a chronically ill patient have been healed of their diseases by eating foods high in medicinal value, as recommended by their therapists and doctors, and avoiding those laden with chemicals. Foods that grow naturally in a region are rich in elements that buttress the immune system, supply essential nutrients, and fight off diseases. And the more we rely upon indigenous foods and eating habits, the more we are likely to stay fit and healthy. Local spices and herbs are a storehouse of healing properties. Our grandmothers used to prepare plenty of herbal concoctions at home to heal stomach pain, fever, bee stings, headaches, and what not.
If we learn to listen to our body, it would tell us what it wants us to do to help it heal. Once I had come down with stomach pain which was caused by infection. I naturally eschewed all foods and sustained myself on hot vegetable soup and khichdi. When the doctor heard about my food intake he was very pleased because he was going to suggest the same foods to me.
When a friend's mother had come down with dengue fever, giving her the juice of raw papaya leaves had restored her back to health and normalcy. However, there is a whole world of healing chronic and difficult diseases by simply relying on the healing properties of natural food. Just read these inspiring stories and your life will never be the same again.
Success stories of Dr Salila Tiwari
Delhi-based Dr Salila Tiwari has many success stories to her credit with regard to healing people through diet change. Dr Tiwari, author of Sau Saal Swasth Kaise Rahen, is the vice president of International Naturopathy Organisation. She has received many awards like Delhi Ratan and Pride of Country and also runs a naturopathy hospital at a beautiful Himalayan resort at Champawat, Uttarakhand, where treatment and certified naturopathy education is provided. Years ago, while helping a poor child get treatment, she found it very difficult to find a cure through allopathy, as his parents were not willing to allow a brain-tumour operation. Desperate to help him, she then learnt homoeopathy and was soon carrying her little box of medicines to slums and helping many get healed. After that, she came across naturopathy, studied it thoroughly, and was convinced that it was the best form of not just medicine but life itself.
Today, she is an internationally renowned naturopathy, yoga, and other alternative therapy expert who has been a doctor to the late former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee and several Bollywood actors too, having cured many incurable diseases. Below is an account of a few of her success stories.
Mr Parveen Nagpal, working as a software and business consultant in the United States, had been suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) for more than a year and was given plenty of drugs including prednisolone and mesalamine. They stopped making him feel better after some time, and he hated putting so many drugs in his body. A friend told him about the natural way of healing and strongly recommended that he get in touch with Dr Salila Tiwari. He immediately did so and got amazing results from the therapies advised by her. Dr Tiwari recommended pomegranate juice, bael (wood apple) juice, buttermilk, and coconut water as they ease the digestive system and do not put pressure on it. Very soon, he was healed of his disease.
Manoj Misran suffered from chronic psoriasis for more than 20 years. He had consulted multiple doctors and different types of therapies viz allopathy, homoeopathy, ayurveda, acupuncture, and so on. He had also spent seven years in the United States and consulted the world's best doctors. Yet, nothing worked. Some of the top doctors told him point blank that there was no permanent cure for psoriasis in medical science. All he could do was take medicines to treat the symptoms. Three years ago, he applied for term insurance for himself, but the insurance company rejected his application on medical grounds. It was then that he came to know he had failed his LFT (liver function test). After consulting a doctor, he came to know that his liver had gotten severely impacted due to long-term use of the medicines he was taking. Manoj was in a fix now and hugely depressed because if he stopped taking the medicines, his skin would be damaged, and if he continued with them, his liver would take a beating.
While he was in this deep dilemma, grace presented itself, and a colleague asked him to contact Dr Tiwari and take her guidance. She suggested that he attend a course of eight classes that explains complete naturopathy. She also asked him to stop all medicines. Though he was afraid that his psoriasis might resurface, he decided to follow her advice and stopped the medicines. In the first month, the symptoms did show up, but the intensity was quite low. This excited him, and he became much more disciplined in following the course suggested by Dr Tiwari.
According to her, we need to take Vitamin C from natural sources like amla, lemons, or oranges, depending on an individual's liking or system. She recommends having juices since they are easily absorbed and asks people to have only fruits, salads, or juices in the morning and two meals between 12 noon and eight in the evening to strengthen our system.
Manoj is now completely cured without medicines and he is the only one in his office who has not taken a single sick leave in the past three years.
Similarly, Munish Sehgal from Delhi had been taking medicines for a thyroid problem for four to five years. Dr Tiwari asked him to have lotus stem in any form. He has been having lotus stem soup at least four to five times a day and has improved so much that all his medication has been stopped.
Dr Rakhi Mehra, who has trained in various disciplines and has served as a consultant/ specialist/ surgeon in various tertiary hospitals including Safdarjung Hospital and Military Hospital in India, firmly believes in listening to our body. For example, in fever, light khichdi allows rest to the digestive system while enhancing our taste along with igniting the body's metabolism. Similarly, intake of simple haldi (turmeric) powder with normal water proves to be very effective in summer for the usual bouts of colds, coughs, and throat infections. Black pepper, ginger, cloves, and holy basil are very effective during winter in cases of common cold or flu. Despite knowing these facts, we prefer to take antihistamine drugs, which further exacerbates our sore throat.
She says, "I am personally aware of several individuals who stay fit and healthy during winter months by eating an amla (Indian gooseberry) or two oranges a day. Those who eat plenty of fruit and vegetables enjoy better immunity, thanks to the hundreds of beneficial compounds they imbibe through the vast variety of delightful fruits and vegetables supplied by nature.
Curing cancer through food
She remembers how Rama Patnayak, a retired principal, consulted her for breast cancer that she had been tackling with chemotherapy. She also had diabetes and high blood pressure and wanted to strengthen her immune system. On Dr Mehra's advice, she added vegetables, dry fruits, buttermilk, turmeric (immunity booster), methi (fenugreek—a proven anti-diabetic) and dalchini (cinnamon—good for metabolism) in her diet, in addition to her regular medicines. After seven days of following this regimen, she began to feel lighter and more energetic along with getting sound sleep at night.
Satish Sharma, a bureaucrat from Delhi, had barely recovered from the shock and trauma of his mother's death from cancer in 2003 when, in April 2005, at the age of 50, he was diagnosed with stage II breast cancer, though rare in men. He was operated upon and underwent chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Meanwhile, his quest for the reason of disease and its solutions, as an affected layperson, carried on. He found many websites and books that made him much wiser, making him his own doctor and health guide. During the treatment in 2005, he used to have wheatgrass juice and aloe vera to help his body fight off the ill effects of radiation. His blood count went up and his operation, chemo, and radiotherapy went relatively smooth. He also started having raw foods though he does say that caution has to be exercised as during chemo, one's immune system is compromised, and raw foods can cause infection if not washed or disinfected properly.
Satish comes from a family where all his uncles and father died of heart attack or heart disease. He never had a robust constitution. He suffered from angina pain in his left arm upon exertion, that began around age 48. He had been prone to asthma and digestive problems too. After he started having raw foods in 2005, his sinusitis, puffing, panting, asthma, and digestive issues vanished. His skin is much better with no rashes or eczema, and the quality of his sleep too has improved. Even the hair on his head, face, and chest that was greying, started becoming black, so much so that his children's friends told them that their father doesn't look his age. Now, Satish regularly conducts workshops to help others take charge of their own health.
As far as superfoods are concerned, he says there are many and cautions against aping the West that has suddenly discovered superfoods like turmeric, cinnamon, ginger, holy basil, mint, coriander, and cumin. The fact is that spices, various fruits and berries, green leafy vegetables as well as other coloured ones, nuts and seeds, apricots, and kernels, all have different enzymes, phytonutrients, vitamins, minerals, trace minerals, biophotons, macro-and micronutrients—all beneficial for health. He says, "The more we limit ourselves to only a few superfoods, the less we give to our body, which requires a lot of variety for great health and healing." According to him, what is important is that fruits should be seasonal and fresh, and preferably non-GMO and organic.
Another person who has defied the predictions of allopaths is Ramneek Wig, a lawyer from Delhi. He was diagnosed with cancer (Hodgkin's lymphoma) in the year 1998 at the age of 25. Soon after the chemotherapy was over, the cancer relapsed within the next six months. According to the doctors, the only cure was a bone marrow transplant for which he went to the US. The transplant was followed by 25 sittings of radiotherapy, and he was told that it was unlikely to return.
Fortunately, he had done a course in yoga and pranayama earlier and decided to get wholeheartedly involved in pranayama, food therapy, and meditation. He ate a lot of berries and cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, kale, cauliflower, cabbage, brussels sprout, beet greens, turnip greens, radish greens, mustard greens and watercress, besides garlic, turmeric, and wheatgrass.
He started feeling better, and even the doctor was extremely surprised to see him after a year. Having recovered, he has now authored many books, helped many people heal, and conducts personalised courses in Delhi and on Skype.
How people discover the magic of food therapy
It is not just our own sickness but also that of our loved ones too which makes us look for solutions. My uncle in Bangalore, who had a chronic cough, was told by K Girish, a healer, to have carrot soup combined with pepper, green chilli, and turmeric, which cured cold, cough, and asthma. He followed the instructions and became much better in just a few days. He is now truly grateful to Girish who himself became a healer when faced with a personal challenge.
As a 28-year-old electrical engineer, he was blessed with a bonny boy. Before he could even celebrate the event, he came down with anxiety as the baby kept crying continuously. The doctors hospitalised the baby for one month and in a warm chamber for one week. After this, he was discharged. Just when Girish felt the boy would remain healthy, he began having a constantly runny nose and fever till the age of thirteen. Girish went to several doctors and gave him many types of medicines, but the problem persisted, with his son being admitted to hospital three times.
Exasperated, he began working on various alternative cures himself and found that a combination of ginger, garlic, turmeric and giloy, crushed and mixed with honey every day, improved his son's immunity tremendously, and his attacks reduced dramatically.
Now a healer himself, he has also discovered many other healing foods like cardamom that is extremely beneficial for diabetes, cholesterol, and the heart, and the carrot soup that I mentioned earlier.
Something similar happened in Shailaja Agarwal's father's case. Her father, at the age of 40, developed type 2 diabetes and hypertension (high blood pressure). Promptly, the doctors put him on allopathic medication for both of these lifestyle diseases. Twenty years later, despite being on medication, he developed heart disease with 90 per cent blockage in one of the arteries of the heart, and the doctor suggested surgery. Fortunately, an open-minded allopath advised a lifestyle change instead, which would open the blockage gradually. He opted to drastically change his diet to a very low-fat diet and incorporated yoga and regular walks in his daily routine.
As a result, he became completely well. This encouraged Shailaja to qualify as an IAO (International Accreditation Organisation)-certified nutritionist with a Diploma in Dietetics, Health, and Nutrition from the VLCC Institute and promote wellness through diet. Now, she creates a flexible, personalised weight loss chart and has guided many people in improving their health. "It is my passionate endeavour to create vibrant health through using both traditional wisdom and modern knowledge to ascertain the underlying causes of an individual's current health challenges and make adjustments to their food and lifestyle choices that support health improvement," she says.
Raj Merchant's grandmother suffered from severe diabetes, and she was told that her legs would need to be amputated. At that time, he met a wonderful healer who guided him in healing her through just diet. After this, he himself learnt the technique and has guided many people in healing themselves through simple remedies, some of which are given in the box in this article.
Indian homes always have been a treasure trove of ancient wisdom. Mr Dinesh Sahgal, a legal professional from Mumbai, learnt from his own grandmother, the benefits of mulethi or liquorice and has used it to cure himself of mouth ulcers and his daughter of tonsillitis.
The instances may be many, but the fact is that people heal when they listen to their own body and what message it is emitting.
The human body has been designed to stay well and battle against entropy. We are meant to regenerate and revive ourselves. This, of course, can be discovered only if we listen to our physical body, mind, and spirit, and identify our own healing mechanism, for we all are indeed unique. Just like we need to find our own gurus, we need to find and follow our own health regimen by observing and learning from others in the journey of wellness.
Diet tips (from many sources):
• Approx. 150 to 160 leaves of tulsi can be consumed three to four times a day for any kind of fever.
• One spoon of onion juice is good for dandruff and greying of hair. Onion juice even gets rid of spectacles if its juice is put in the eyes.
• 200 to 300 curry leaves a day are good for controlling blood pressure and diabetes.
• Coriander juice consumed on an empty stomach reduces cholesterol.
• 10 to 15 French beans consumed on an empty stomach helps in controlling diabetes.
• A handful of mehendi (henna) leaves are good for jaundice and liver-related problems.
• Carrots are good for increasing haemoglobin and for curing cancer.
• Hibiscus or shoe flower can be consumed for stopping excessive bleeding or piles bleeding. The green leaves of the same plant are very helpful in reducing any kind of infection in the body.
• Research has shown that turmeric, which is used in many Indian curries, when combined with black pepper, improves the bioavailability of this superfood.
• The antioxidant ellagic acid (found in walnuts, raspberries, pomegranates, and cranberries) enhances the ability of quercetin (an antioxidant found in apples, grapes, onions, and buckwheat) to kill cancerous cells.
• Sprinkling half a cup of sunflower seeds into our morning cereal with milk provides more than 100 per cent of our day's requirement of vitamin E.
• Flaxseeds contain high levels of phytoestrogen. They not only lessen symptoms of menopause but also have positive effects on cholesterol, cognition, and digestion.
• Amla or the Indian gooseberry has high Vitamin C content, enhances food absorption, balances stomach acids, fortifies the liver, nourishes the brain and mental functioning, and supports the heart. It also strengthens the lungs, regulates elimination of free radicals, enhances fertility, helps the urinary system, improves skin quality, and promotes healthier hair.
• Mulethi or liquorice supports liver health and is an antiseptic that helps to calm the stomach. It is also an expectorant and decongestant that can help fight respiratory infections.
• There is some evidence that liquorice in small amounts can be used to decrease sugar cravings. Moreover, it is also known to be beneficial in cases of low blood pressure.
• Aloe vera juice is good for the digestive system, skin, hair, and teeth. It is an antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory and protects us from ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
• In the case of cancer survivors, it provides protection from skin damage after radiation therapy.
• Wheatgrass is packed with a powerful combination of nutrients and has many therapeutic benefits. It is known as complete nourishment.
• The extensive combination of vitamins and nutrients make wheatgrass an exceptional choice to enhance one's well-being. It has antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties.
• Lemons have a high content of Vitamin C, regulate the bowels, are antibacterial and have B-complex vitamins, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and fibre. They balance our body's chemistry.
Note: These are general guidelines. Everything needs to be customised to suit one's body.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Russian Edinburgh Policy on the Protection of Children and Young People
Russian Edinburgh provides services to a wide range of individuals throughout Edinburgh and the south part of Scotland and by nature of our work our clients are families with young children.
In the context of this policy a young person is defined as anyone aged under 18.
All staff members and volunteers of Russian Edinburgh can play an important part in promoting the safety and protection of the young people with whom the organisation works. The aim of this policy is to ensure that any children and young people are protected and kept safe from harm while they are in receipt of services from Russian Edinburgh. In addition to this policy, Russian Edinburgh has a framework of policies which are designed to ensure the emotional and physical safety of service users, staff and volunteers which includes:
Recruitment and Selection Policy
Grievance and Disciplinary Policy
Сomplaints Procedure
Recruitment, Selection & Training of Staff & Volunteers
Russian Edinburgh will ensure that its recruitment and selection procedures will take account of the need to protect children and young people. Two references will be taken up for all successful candidates prior to a formal offer of employment, and where appropriate referees will be asked to comment on the applicant's suitability to work with children and/or young people.
Where relevant to the post, the successful applicant will be asked to agree to an appropriate Disclosure Scotland check. Disclosures will be requested prior to the applicant taking up post.
Induction for new staff and volunteers will include information on all relevant policies and procedure, including the protection of children and young people, and on-going training will be provided if necessary. All staff and volunteers will have a designated supervisor who will provide appropriate ongoing support and supervision.
Reporting Procedure
Abuse of children and young people can take many forms including physical, emotional, sexual and financial. It is not the responsibility of anyone working within Russian Edinburgh, in a paid or unpaid capacity to decide whether or not abuse has taken place. It is therefore vital that staff raise all cases of suspected or alleged abuse in line with the procedures identified in this policy. It is important to do this, as there may already have been concerns expressed by other members of staff and failure to report concerns may put a young person or vulnerable adult at risk.
Any disclosure or suspicion of abuse should be reported to the staff member/volunteer's line manager as soon as possible.
The line manager, in consultation with the Chair Person, will gather further information and details by interviewing the person making the report or the service user directly.
The Chair Person (or staff member so instructed by the Chair Person) will then devise an appropriate plan of action. The exact nature of the action taken will be determined by the individual circumstances, but it may include the involvement of external authorities, such as Social Work, referral organisations and the Police.
In the case of a disclosure or suspicion of abuse concerning a young person aged under 18, Russian Edinburgh will always refer the matter to the appropriate external authorities, which in the first instance is likely to be Social Work.
All staff and volunteers (where appropriate) of Russian Edinburgh will be familiar with good practice guidelines on the immediate action to be taken following a report of abuse (see appendix 1).
Any allegation made against a member of staff or volunteer should be reported to the Chair Person who will investigate and take action as per the Disciplinary Policy. In the event of an allegation being made against the Chair Person, this should be reported to the Board of Management or their nominated representative.


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Niagara Catholic serves community in Day of Caring
by PATRICK J. BUECHI
Tue, May 17th 2016 11:00 am
Students from Niagara Falls Jr./Sr. High School sort baby clothes at the St. Gianna Molla Pregnancy Outreach Center - Niagara County. All students from the school went out into the community for their annual Day of caring. (Patrick J. Buechi/Staff)
Students of Niagara Catholic Jr./Sr. High School went out into their neighborhood to spend a day carrying out the Corporal Works of Mercy. They fed the hungry at soup kitchens, visited the sick at senior centers, and gave alms to the poor at community missions.
On May 3, the nearly 200 volunteers visited 20 different sites to understand the needs of others from various cultures, ages and socioeconomic backgrounds. The Day of Caring, now in its fourth year, also introduces students to the importance of service.
A small group of six students and one teacher headed to the St. Gianna Molla Pregnancy Outreach Center - Niagara County branch to pack clothes for disadvantaged families. The center provides material, emotional and spiritual support to single mothers, fathers and young families in need from pregnancy to five years.
"I always say that, as Catholics, we get criticized for pushing pro-life, then just kind of leaving the mom. This is a way we can help get her started, get her what she needs," said Irene Salek-Raham, coordinator for the Niagara center, which also offers referrals to WIC, food pantries, Holy Trinity Thrift Shop for household goods, and parenting classes. Salek-Raham also talks to mothers about developmental norms for toddlers.
The center is run by Salek-Raham with the help of one assistant. "So, getting a crowd like this helping fold clothes is huge for us," she said.
"We're sorting baby clothes and making baskets for mothers in need. I like it. I have a lot of babies in my family right now, so I like sorting baby clothes," explained Alyssa Gara, 16. "It's good to help out people who are less fortunate than us, understand how grateful we are and give back."
"I like doing things that help out," added Marissa Campbell, 17. "I live right in Niagara Falls, so it's good to do something at home,"
As the only male helping out at what some might think of as a place for women, Jesse Ogundiran enjoyed helping out the center.
"I feel great because I get to help out people in need of help and also I get to understand women's perspective," he said.
Ogundiran, 17, is an international student from Japan. Helping out others is common in his home country due to its susceptibility to earthquakes and tsunamis.
"We have a lot of earthquakes that happen in Japan, so people go out to help people who suffer from earthquake. So, I can relate to this volunteering," he said.
The center, housed on the grounds of Divine Mercy Parish in the former St. Stanislaus School, has one room filled with plastic bins of sorted clothes, while another room has the unsorted piles. The volunteers folded and sorted clothes, then filled bins with labels such as "3 months boys summer."
Father Jacek Mazur, pastor of Divine Mercy Parish, allows the diocesan Office of Pro-Life Activities, which oversees the center, to use the building rent and utility free. The three St. Gianna's locations - Buffalo, Niagara Falls and Dunkirk - rely on donations of clothing and money to help those in need. The current needs include newborn clothes for boys and girls, toddlers, and baby bottles.
"I have some little church ladies that I love. They crochet and knit the little sweater sets and booties and bonnets. Who knits and crochets anymore? It's a dying art," said Salek-Raham. The handmade items give a special grandmother's touch to the babies who receive them.
Service days are a common experience in Catholic high schools in the Diocese of Buffalo. Students and faculty of Bishop Timon-St. Jude High School recently visited Seneca Babcock Center St. Ambrose Church, Notre Dame Academy, Mercy Hospital, Our Lady of Victory Family Practice (Mercy Hospital Satellite Clinic), Cazenovia Park, St. Martin's Church, Okell Park, South Side Elementary School, Tosh Collins Community Center and Our Lady of Victory School for their Day of Giving.
Catholic Charities offers support to seniors through home-based assistance
Niagara Catholic reaches out to South Sudan
Categories: ~ Education ~ Social Services ~ Year of Mercy ~ Youth ~


Steep for 3-5 minutes as desired. Experiment with slightly cooler water or shorter steeping times. Try one additional steeping if desired. Add milk if desired.
While the kids may love chocolate milk, parent may want a little something more adult. Our Chocolate Chai tea offers an outstanding tea on its own or an adult version of chocolate milk when combined with this tea. Simply make chocolate chai as you would any other tea using 50% to 100% more for the water. Then mix with warmed chocolate milk and enjoy.


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Truck crashes into building injuring 2
Bruce Insurance building damaged
Jennifer Ortega
TRUCK VS BUILDING - IT HAPPENED AT THE CORNER OF MCDOWELL AND RAYMOND ROADS.
Two people were taken to a local hospital after the pickup truck they were in crashed into a building.The crash happened Sunday evening at the Bruce Insurance building at the corner of McDowell and Raymond roads, police said.Click here for videoAuthorities said the driver lost control and crashed through the front of the building.A young couple inside the pickup truck was taken to the hospital. Their names and conditions were not immediately available.
JACKSON, Miss. —
Two people were taken to a local hospital after the pickup truck they were in crashed into a building.
The crash happened Sunday evening at the Bruce Insurance building at the corner of McDowell and Raymond roads, police said.
Click here for video
Authorities said the driver lost control and crashed through the front of the building.
A young couple inside the pickup truck was taken to the hospital. Their names and conditions were not immediately available.


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A Love Letter To Eva Green
A study of the strong female characters played by the noted French actress
By Murtaza Ali Khan
Eva Green as Artemisia in 300: Rise of an Empire (2014)
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Murtaza Ali Khan
Executive Director of Transcontinental Times, Murtaza Ali Khan is an award-winning Film & TV critic and journalist. He can be reached at [email protected]
I first fell in love with Eva Green as a teenager when I decided to go and watch Casino Royale (2006) in the middle of my end semester examinations during the second year of engineering. Who will not fall in love with Vesper Lynd? The vulnerability she shows in that shower scene makes it truly unforgettable. And in the final scene when she drowns to death, it felt at the moment as if a part of me too died with her. I have never related to Bond more than I did at that very moment when Vesper slips away from his arms forever. It is Eva Green's sheer brilliance that makes Vesper Lynd so real. A lethal combination of beauty and brains, Eva Green's Vesper Lynd is really the thinking man's muse. As a teenager watching Casino Royale, Vesper Lynd meant so many things to me. But above all she has been a manifestation of the free spirit that has always inspired me to follow my heart despite the odds. It is worth mentioning here that in the same decade, Eva Green also delivered memorable performances in films such as The Dreamers (2003), Kingdom of Heaven (2005), and The Golden Compass (2007).
Eva Green as Vanessa Ives in the Showtime series Penny Dreadful (2014)
In the Showtime gothic romance series Penny Dreadful (2014), she essays the central character of Vanessa Ives. It's set in the Victorian Era London that's rife with all kinds of literary characters ranging from Dracula to Dr. Frankenstein to Dorian Gray to Abraham Van Helsing to Henry Jekyll. The moments of supernatural horror in these episodes are simply next level. Eva Green's Vanessa Ives owns these moments. Even when Vanessa is indulging in the most grotesque of acts one can't really take one's eyes off her. That's how good she is.
Consider the 'Séance' scene from the second episode of Season 1. The scene takes place during the second episode of the first season of Penny Dreadful. The setting is a high profile party, hosted by a historian named Ferdinand Lyle, featuring a known spiritualist named Madame Kali who is famous for performing séances. As she makes the guests sit on a round table and starts to contact a spirit named Amunet she suddenly realizes that she is not really in control owing to the presence of someone else at the table. She is revealed to none other than Vanessa who ends up summoning the spirits to talk to the crowd, serving as a medium, instead of Madame Kali.
A still from the 'Seance' scene in the first season of Penny Dreadful
What ensues is inarguably one of the greatest scenes ever filmed as far as the long form narrative is concerned. The scene, of course, is owned by Eva Green. She shakes and trembles, writhes and convulses, and hisses and puffs emanating fear and panic, ensnaring everyone with a serpentine gaze inspiring awe and terror just like Lord Shiva's dance of death. This is really the finest moment of Eva Green's acting career thus far. And I have no hesitation in saying that Vanessa Ives is certainly one of the most enigmatic characters in all of fiction. The scene also features the legendary James Bond actor Timothy Dalton who plays the series' protagonist Sir Malcolm Murray. While it is Green's breathtaking performance that makes the scene truly unforgettable it is impossible to imagine the scene without Dalton. His expressions in the scene and in particular how he responds to the possessed Vanessa's accusations without uttering a single word elevates it to another level altogether.
The full scene can be watched here:
Here it is also important to mention what Eva Green achieves in 300: Rise of an Empire (2014). I don't think that any other actor can look so delicate and ferocious at the same time. As Artemisia, Eva Green is the personification of death. And yet can anyone really resist falling in love with her? There is a certain outworldly energy that Eva seems to possess as Artemisia. Had this been in a non-fantasy film an Academy Award would surely have been hers. Try watching Eva Green in any of her interviews and you will notice that she is very soft spoken, introverted and a little shy. And then you think of Artemisia and you realize her acting calibre. And what's more commendable is her command over the English language. She can switch her accents at the drop of a hat. Mind it, she is French and so English is not her first language. But, she really seems to have worked hard on it. The fact that she attended the American University of Paris, an English-speaking institution, must have also helped. No wonder she plays English and American parts all the time and so effortlessly.
Eva Green as Artemisia and Sullivan Stapleton as Themistokles in a still from 300: Rise of an Empire (2014)
Coming back to Artemisia, it is amazing that even with her dainty frame she is effortlessly able to convey an enormous level of inhibited ferocity while commanding a huge fleet of tough-looking Persian men. She is exceptionally nimble with a sword in her hand. And when she smiles beckoning you into her web of deceit you just can't resist the spider's touch despite knowing fully well that it's death you are approaching. Despite her ferality and unimaginable cruelty, Artemisia is ultimately a tragic character who was raped and ravaged as a child and so it's hard to hate her even when we see her partake in unfathomable savegery. It's a testament to Eva Green's virtuoso acting skills, her nymphian beauty, and her unparalleled charm and elegance that even in a average film like 300: Rise of an Empire, Artemisia still remains such an iconic character.
Some other highly recommended films starring Eva Green are Womb (2010), Perfect Sense (2011), Dark Shadows (2012), Sin City: A Dame to Kill For (2014), Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children (2016), Euphoria (2017), Dumbo (2019), and Proxima (2019)
300: Rise of an empire
French actress
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Creating Trust, Loyalty, and Clients for Life.
Mr. and Mrs. Durlester have helped us with the purchase of 2 homes and the sale of one. They are both very conscientious, courteous and detail minded. Whenever we needed information or confirmation on our transactions they we're right there with answers. Hoping we never have a need to sell the lovely home we now live in, but I would certainly engage their services without a moments thought.
We were very satisfied with Steve and Olivia Durlester's service in selling our Nandina home and finding our new home in Sun City. They were always available to us to ask questions and answer questions. When we didn't understand things they made extra efforts to help us comprehend what was happening. They always went above and beyond to help us feel safe and secure in all of our decisions which made selling and buying a new house a very joyful experience. I will tell anyone who I know that is interested in buying or selling a house about Steve and Olivia because they are people of honesty and integrity.


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Resting atop the lofty Nyainqêntanglha Mountains at an altitude of over 3,600 metres (11,800 ft.), Lhasa represents one of the highest cities in the world. Its name literally translates to mean "Land of the Gods", which shouldn't come as too much of a surprise since it's nearly touching the heavens! As the holy land of Tibetan Buddhism, this 1,300-year-old city has been a pilgrimage site for centuries and its breath-taking monasteries reflect a long religious tradition. It is home to the Potala Palace, the Jokhang Temple, and the Norbulingka, three of the finest UNESCO World Heritage Sites in western China.
The history of Lhasa is a complicated and fascinating one, as it oscillated between being a centre of political power and a spiritual place of unparalleled significance. During the 7th century, a man named Songtsän Gampo established the Tibetan Empire (618–842) and set Lhasa as his imperial capital. With a glorious kingdom at his behest, it was time to start building a palace fit for a king! In 637, he began construction of the Potala Palace, which was named after Mount Potalaka, the legendary abode of the bodhisattva[1] Avalokiteśvara according to the Buddhist faith.
Yet Songtsän Gampo wasn't content to live in this lavish palace alone. He contracted alliance marriages with Princess Bhrikuti of the Nepalese Licchavi Kingdom (c. 400–750 AD) and Princess Wencheng of the Han Chinese Tang Dynasty (618-907) in 639 and 641 respectively. It was Princess Bhrikuti who supposedly converted him to Buddhism. After all, love is the great motivator! Each of these princesses gifted him two magnificent statues: Bhrikuti gave him a statue of Akshobhya[2] Buddha; and Wencheng brought him a breath-taking statue of Shakyamuni[3] Buddha. In order to house these wonderful gifts, he built the Jokhang Temple and the Ramoche Temple in 641. This was a golden time for Lhasa, where it thrived as a religious and political capital.
Unfortunately, all good things come to an end! During the 9th century, the city suffered extensive damage under the reign of Langdarma as the monarchy slowly began to collapse. Sacred sites were destroyed, temples were desecrated, and the empire was left fragmented. From then right up until the ascension of the 5th Dalai Lama in the 17th century, Lhasa remained a political nobody in the Tibetan region. However, as time went on, the importance of its religious sites started to be recognised.
During the 15th century, three large monasteries dedicated to the Gelugpa or Yellow Hat sect of Tibetan Buddhism were built in the city by a monk named Je Tsongkhapa and his disciples. These three monasteries, known as Ganden, Sera, and Drepung respectively, helped elevate Lhasa as the recognised centre of Tibetan Buddhism. While Lhasa was fast becoming the spiritual core of Tibet, the politics of the country were about to become intertwined with religion. After a long and harrowing era of civil wars, the 5th Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso, unified Tibet and became its independent leader.
In 1642, he moved his administration to Lhasa and the city once again found itself simultaneously the political and religious centre of the country. With the city thriving as it had done before, the Potala Palace was rebuilt and the Jokhang Temple was greatly expanded. From 1648 onwards, the Potala Palace was used by the Dalai Lama as a winter retreat, while the Norbulingka served as his summer palace. Like the divine lotus, Lhasa was enjoying a second spiritual flowering! Much of the traditional architecture you'll find in Lhasa today was constructed during this time.
By the end of the 17th century, Lhasa had transformed into a bustling marketplace, where Mongol, Chinese, Muscovite, Armenian, Kashmiri, Nepalese, and Northern Indian traders all met to sell or exchange their valuable goods. Much of its economy depended on its historic trade routes, which represented the convergence of China, India, Nepal, and Bhutan. Nowadays this archaic pastime is largely a novelty, and the city's economy is mainly based on tourism.
While the Potala Palace, the Jokhang Temple, and the Norbulingka are undoubtedly the city's main draws, there are plenty of other magnificent attractions on offer in Lhasa. The eastern part of the city, known as the Barkhor, is brimming with Tibetan architecture and culture, while the western section is significantly more ethnically Han Chinese in its character. Since the eastern section contains the Jokhang Temple, it is not uncommon to still see Tibetan people immersed in a kora within the narrow streets of the Barkhor, oftentimes spinning a prayer wheel as they walk.
[1] Bodhisattva: The term literally means "one whose goal is awakening". It refers to a person who seeks enlightenment and is thus on the path to becoming a Buddha. It can be applied to anyone, from a newly inducted Buddhist to a veteran or "celestial" bodhisattva who has achieved supernatural powers through their training.
[2] Akshobhya: According to Buddhist scripture, Akshobhya is one of the Five Wisdom Buddhas and represents consciousness as an aspect of reality. He is the embodiment of "mirror knowledge", which states that the mind should be like a mirror: empty yet luminous, holding all the images of space and time yet untouched by them.
[3] Shakyamuni: One of the titles of Gautama Buddha, the central figure and founder of the Buddhist faith. It is derived from the place named Sakya, which is where he was born.
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The Journal of Web Science
Publication Home
Wolfgang Nejdl, University of Hanover , Germany
Richard Rogers, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
Alejandro Jaimes, Yahoo! Labs
Bernie Hogan, Oxford Internet Institute
Brooke Welles, Northeastern University, United States
Catherine Pope, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
Daniel Schwabe, PUC Rio, Brazil
Daniel Weitzner, MIT, United States
Geert-Jan Houben, TU Delft, Netherlands
Gerd Stumme, University of Kassel, Germany
Ingmar Weber, QCRI, Qatar
Jim Hendler, RPI, United States
Keith Hampton, Rutgers University, United States
Michael Macy, Cornell University, United States
Prof Eric T. Meyer, Oxford Internet Institute University of Oxford, United Kingdom
Marshall Scott Poole, University of Illinois, United States
Matthew Weber, Rutgers University, United States
Noshir Contractor, Northwestern University, United States
Paolo Boldi, University of Milan, Italy
Paolo Parigi, Stanford University, United States
Peter Monge, University of Southern California, United States
Stefan Decker, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
Steffen Staab, University of Koblenz, Germany
Virgilio Almeida, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Wendy Chun, Brown University, United States
Wendy Hall, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
© 2021 The Journal of Web Science


Meaning and definitions of picayune, translation in Nepali language for picayune with similar and opposite words. Also find spoken pronunciation of picayune in Nepali and in English language.
What picayune means in Nepali, picayune meaning in Nepali, picayune definition, examples and pronunciation of picayune in Nepali language.


Jalapeño Spinach and Artichoke Dip – My life as a Professional.Foodie.Hoosier.
Is there any better game day snack than Spinach and Artichoke dip? Yes. Jalapeno Spinach and Artichoke dip. I've been making my own recipe for years, but always tweaking it as I go and adding jalapeño seemed like a no brainer. Tonight is one of the first cool Bay Area nights, the kind where it feels like it could thunderstorm at any moment (rain would be totally welcome to calm down these horrendous Nor Cal fires). Tonight called for a lemongrass chicken pho from The Defined Dish and a little dip starter to warm us up. Lately I'm not used to making such heavy dishes since switching to a healthier, primarily Paleo or Whole30 diet, but some comfort foods will never lose their place with me. #youcantakethegirloutofindianabut….
This is such a quick and easy app for any evening or game day potluck. It's a fav among my friends and you can use it as a base to add whatever you want to make it more substantial. Chicken, ground beef, sausage, crab…. whatever you're feeling!
Top with a sprinkling of pepper jack, Parmesan, and a pinch of salt and cayenne for color and added kick.
Bake for 20-25 minutes until golden and bubbly. If it seems bubbly, but not browned, broil on high for a minute or so- just keep a close eye so it doesn't burn.


Q. Does the library have the New England Journal of Medicine?
Yes. Follow the link below to view the catalog record.
Older issues are bound and located with the other bound periodicals on shelves adjacent to the printers and copiers on the second floor of the Library building.
If you need assistance locating this journal, stop by the RESEARCH/IT desk.
The image below is a map of the second floor of the LCCC Library, indicating where Periodicals are shelved.


Davids & DeLaat was formed to provide service and support to an ever-growing population that's redefining the Niagara region as the fastest-growing area in Southwestern Ontario.
The recent teaming of Terence Davids and Shawn DeLaat creates a top-performing real estate team in the Niagara region. As childhood friends born and raised in St. Catharines, Terry and Shawn are family men proud to raise their children here with all the amazing characteristics that make this community a home. With such an intimate knowledge of the needs of families and local businesses, Davids & DeLaat was formed to provide service and support to an ever-growing population that's redefining the Niagara region as the fastest-growing area in Southwestern Ontario.
Armed with an accounting degree from Brock University, Terence has a special understanding of investment portfolios and the nuances of the rapidly growing luxury market. An expert negotiator, Terence brings a unique skill-set to the refined buyer. Terence has deep connections with local business owners and is a driving force in maintaining our sense of community, never forgetting that its people who make a place great. The face of Niagara seems to be changing by the day as the upscale market bursts with opportunity and there's never been a better time to join this specific market. With his finger on the pulse, Terence is the guy to give you the inside track to expertly ride the real-estate waves – a journey he's proud to share with his partner Lauren and little boy Charlie.
Helping people buy and sell real estate is Shawn's passion. Now in his 16th year, he's proud to be in the top 1% of all realtors for sales production in the entire Niagara region. Shawn's outgoing personality, strong work ethic and commitment to satisfying his clients' best interests has earned him a solid reputation. Whether selling or buying, Shawn's professional approach and willingness to go the extra mile continue to separate him from the pack. For those ready to sell their home, Shawn's unparalleled ability to promote the listing gives him a professional edge. Whether your sale is big or small, Shawn's courteous and skilled approach is why sellers find him so easy to work with. Proud husband to Michelle and father to Isabella with baby number two on the way, he's delighted to call Niagara home.
Born and raised in Jordan, Ontario Ashton knows the Niagara region like the home it is. A graduate of communications from Wilfrid Laurier University, she understands that strong client relationships are built on excellent communication and support. A self-starter and admitted workaholic, Ashton takes great pride in earning her client's' trust by helping them through one of the biggest decisions of their life. Ashton is known for going above and beyond the call of duty and her high performing sales stats speak for themselves. She firmly believes that if we wake up every day with the intention of helping people, everything good will come. She loves teaching yoga, travel, reading and hitting the dog park with her australian Shepherd NOVA.
Home grown and local to St. Catharines with a vast knowledge of the area, Emily has years of experience ensuring quality customer service and satisfaction, which is sure to shine through. Emily's passion for real estate and investment opportunities drives her to maintain a strong work ethic and she's highly motivated to ensure that she fulfills your ultimate goal with a positive and stress-free experience.
Natalie's passion for real estate is fueled by a genuine love of helping others. Born and raised in St. Catharines, Natalie knows the region well and enjoys introducing her clients to the hidden gems of the area. Armed with an Interior Design Diploma as well as business credentials from Niagara College. Natalie become a Realtor to help clients through one of the biggest major milestones in life of purchasing or selling a home. With a love of design that rivals her love of real estate, Natalie is able to guide her clients through properties and assist them with looking past what is in the home currently and encourages her clients to see the hidden potential and envision what could be. With a mantra in life to always be open to new opportunities she can often be heard quoting her catch phrase 'give it a shot'. When not supporting her clients with their real estate needs you will find Natalie somewhere in the great outdoors perhaps skiing, snowboarding, fishing or hiking. If not outside, you will find her at home planning her next home improvement.
When asked why he chose Real Estate as his career path, Matthew's answer was quite simple : "I love helping people". Regularly one of the first in the office and the last to leave, and often seen throughout the weekend, Matthew understands that success in such a highly competitive environment requires dedication, a relentless pursuit of knowledge and the desire to build upon genuine, human connections with his clients. Born and raised in Niagara Falls, Matthew knows the Region inside and out and uses his extensive knowledge of the area to help his clients find the perfect place to call home. Armed with a education in Psychology from the University of the Fraser Valley combined with an extensive background in customer service, Matthew's attentive personality and thoroughness drives his approach to 5 star customer service. When not hard at work you will find Matthew at a concert, on the golf course, snowboarding or with his Siberian Husky, Ghost.


I am a Level II Acro Yoga teacher, I'm currently developing my H20 fitness program (which I will be piloting it at the residency this winter). At the residency I co-teach strength and conditioning, bootcamp, HIIT, pilates and acro yoga. I also train and perform dance & circus at festivals.
I spend my winters in Nicaragua co-managing/co-teaching at the Momentom Collective Artist Residency where we bring meditation, yoga and circus arts to residents in paradise.
I am a Level II Acro Yoga teacher, I'm currently developing my H20 fitness program (which I will be piloting it at the residency this winter). At the residency I co-teach strength and conditioning, bootcamp, HIIT, pilates and acro yoga. I also train and perform dance & circus at festivals.


It's true! If you have cravings play a computer game and it will cut the desire. According to this article, playing computer games can lessen your urge for sweets, smoking, and etc.
Now that's what I call good news! All of my playing of Angry Birds and Fruit Ninja really will pay off in the weight loss department. Now, I wonder, how can I get my chubby button cat Millie involved? Hmm?


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text:
Support Our 206th Engineer Battalion With a Custom T-Shirt [GALLERY]
Barb Birgy Updated: May 28, 2020
206th Engineer Battalion via Facebook
More than 150 members of the Kentucky National Guard's 206th Engineer Battalion were deployed to the Middle East last year. There's only two days left to pick up one of these amazing shirts to honor our soldiers. And, you'll be helping a great cause.
Many Kentucky National Guard's 206th Engineer Battalion soldiers were sent on a year-long deployment in support of Operation Inherent Resolve. I know we are all missing these brave men and women who are set to return very soon. But, not soon enough!
These custom shirts are a small, but wonderful way to say thank you to the men and women who are protecting our freedoms. We can wear them proudly when we welcome them home. There are only two days left and while supplies last.
Military Green, Royal Blue, Red and Heather Gray (not shown) are available.
Must order on May 29th, 2020 by 3PM CST
They will begin shipping on June 15th, 2020.
Custom Shirts to Support the 206th Engineer Battalion
Filed Under: Kentucky National Guard's 206th Engineer Battalion
Categories: Events, Newsletter, Owensboro - Daviess County News, Owensboro Events, Photos, What's New


Get an alert with the newest ads for "barrington street" in Halifax.
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The opposition National Democratic Congress (NDC) has planned to verbally attack the chairperson of the Electoral Commission, Mrs Jean Mensa, and the Chairman of the National Peace Council, Prof Emmanuel Asante, as part of their strategy heading into the 2020 general election.
"As for the EC chair, we must wage a relentless war on this EC chair. Me, she doesn't want to see my face," Mr Ofosu-Ampofo said.
Mr Ofosu-Ampofo also gave his blessings for the party communicators to insult Prof Asante.
Mr Ofosu-Ampofo was elected the National Chairman of the NDC when he beat Mr Dan Abodakpi, Alhaji Huudu Yahaya, Ms Betty Mould Iddrisu and Mr Danny Annang in November 2018.
Mr Ofosu-Ampofo has previously served as national organiser, vice chairman and director of elections for the NDC.
During the late President J.E.A. Mills' presidency, 2009 – 2012, Mr Ofosu-Ampofo first served as Eastern Regional Minister and later Minister of Local Government and Rural Development.
He supervised election 2016 for the NDC as its director of elections.


It's a mystical sort of weekend coming up, depending on your faith and location, with Beltane and May Day and Walpurgis and Ascension Day all happening on more or less the same day. Spring is here!
Spring is also here because the Great Steamboat Race is going on this weekend, as is the amazing Maker Faire (which I am going to miss again, sadly) and the Baltimore Kinetic Sculpture Race. I think the Spooky Librarians should make a documentary about all the weird vehicular/sculptural races that take place each summer. Do you think we could get a grant?


text:
Delta Aurigae, Latinized from δ Aurigae, is the Bayer designation for an astrometric binary star in the northern constellation of Auriga. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 3.715. Based upon its annual parallax shift of , it is some  distant from the Earth, give or take a three light-year margin of error. It is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +10 km/s. This star is the namesake for the Delta Aurigids, a meteor shower that occurs between October 6–15. The radiant point for this shower passes several degrees to the south of the star.

The variable radial velocity of this system was not recognized until 1999, more than a century following the first measurement in 1897. Delta Aurigae is a single-lined spectroscopic binary: periodic Doppler shifts in the star's spectrum indicate orbital motion. The pair have an orbital period of  and an eccentricity of 0.231. Based on the small amplitude of the radial velocity variation, the companion is most likely a small K- or early M-type main-sequence star with around half the mass of the Sun.

The visible component of this system is an evolved giant star with a stellar classification of K0 IIIb. It is a member of the so-called "red clump", indicating that it is generating energy through helium fusion at its core.  The star is 3.26 billion years old and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 4 km/s. It has 1.63 times the mass of the Sun and has expanded to 11 times the Sun's radius. The star is radiating 62 times the Sun's luminosity from the star's photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,786 K. This heat gives the star the orange-hued glow of a K-type star.

Name
In Indian astronomy, it is known by the name Prajapati , from the Sanskrit प्रजापति prajāpati "the Lord of Created Beings".

In Chinese,  (), meaning Eight Kinds of Crops, refers to an asterism consisting of δ Aurigae, ξ Aurigae, 26 Camelopardalis, 14 Camelopardalis, 7 Camelopardalis, 9 Aurigae, 11 Camelopardalis and 31 Camelopardalis. Consequently, the Chinese name for δ Aurigae itself is  (, ), refers to the rice.

References

External links
 HR 2077
 CCDM J05595+5418
 Image Delta Aurigae
 The Constellations and Named Stars
 Star Register

K-type giants
Horizontal-branch stars
Spectroscopic binaries
Astrometric binaries

Auriga (constellation)
Aurigae, Delta
Durchmusterung objects
Aurigae, 33
040035
028358
2077
Prajapati


text:
in: Pages using ISBN magic links, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with no article parameter, Articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica,
1789 events of the French Revolution
18th century in Paris
Storming of the Bastille
The Storming of the Bastille
Part of French Revolution
Prise de la Bastille, by Jean-Pierre-Louis-Laurent Houel
48°51′11″N 2°22′09″E / 48.85306°N 2.36917°E / 48.85306; 2.36917Coordinates: 48°51′11″N 2°22′09″E / 48.85306°N 2.36917°E / 48.85306; 2.36917
Bastille captured, rebellion begins
French government Parisian militia (predecessor of France's National Guard)
Bernard-René de Launay†
Prince de Lambesc Camille Desmoulins
Georges Danton
114 soldiers, 30 artillery pieces 600 – 1,000 insurgents
One (six or possibly eight killed after surrender) 98
The Storming of the Bastille occurred in Paris, France on the morning of 14 July 1789. The medieval fortress and prison in Paris known as the Bastille represented royal authority in the center of Paris. The prison only contained seven inmates at the time of its storming but was a symbol of the abuses of the monarchy: its fall was the flashpoint of the French Revolution.
During the reign of Louis XVI, France faced a major economic crisis, partially initiated by the cost of intervening in the American Revolution, and exacerbated by a regressive system of taxation. On 5 May 1789 the Estates-General of 1789 convened to deal with this issue, but were held back by archaic protocols and the conservatism of the Second Estate, consisting of the nobility and amounting to only 2% of France's population at the time. On 17 June 1789 the Third Estate, with its representatives drawn from the commoners, reconstituted themselves as the National Assembly, a body whose purpose was the creation of a French constitution. The king initially opposed this development, but was forced to acknowledge the authority of the assembly, which subsequently renamed itself the National Constituent Assembly on 9 July.
The storming of the Bastille and the subsequent Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was the third event of this opening stage of the revolution. The first had been the revolt of the nobility, refusing to aid King Louis XVI through the payment of taxes.[1] The second had been the formation of the National Assembly and the Tennis Court Oath.
The commoners had formed the National Guard, sporting tricolour cockades (cocardes) of blue, white and red, formed by combining the red and blue cockade of the Paris commune and the white cockade of the king. These cockades, and soon simply their colour scheme, became the symbol of the revolution and, later, of France itself.
Paris, close to insurrection and, in François Mignet's words, "intoxicated with liberty and enthusiasm,"[2] showed wide support for the Assembly. The press published the Assembly's debates; political debate spread beyond the Assembly itself into the public squares and halls of the capital. The Palais-Royal and its grounds became the site of an endless meeting. The crowd, on the authority of the meeting at the Palais-Royal, broke open the prisons of the Abbaye to release some grenadiers of the French guards, reportedly imprisoned for refusing to fire on the people. The Assembly recommended the imprisoned guardsmen to the clemency of the king; they returned to prison, and received pardon. The rank and file of the regiment, previously considered reliable, now leaned toward the popular cause.
In France, Le quatorze juillet (14 July) is a public holiday, usually called Bastille Day in English.
1 Necker's dismissal
2 Armed conflict
3 Storming the Bastille
Necker's dismissal
On 11 July 1789, with troops at Versailles, Sèvres, the Champ de Mars, and Saint-Denis, Louis XVI, acting under the influence of the conservative nobles of his privy council, dismissed and banished his finance minister, Jacques Necker, who had been sympathetic to the Third Estate, and completely reconstructed the ministry. The marshals Victor-François, duc de Broglie, la Galissonnière, the duc de la Vauguyon, the Baron Louis de Breteuil, and the intendant Foulon, took over the posts of Puységur, Armand Marc, comte de Montmorin, La Luzerne, Saint-Priest, and Necker.
Jacques Necker (1732–1804), French minister of finance
News of Necker's dismissal reached Paris in the afternoon of Sunday, 12 July. The Parisians generally presumed that the dismissal marked the start of a coup by conservative elements. Liberal Parisians were further enraged by the fear that a concentration of Royal troops brought to Versailles from frontier garrisons would attempt to shut down the National Constituent Assembly, which was meeting in Versailles. Crowds gathered throughout Paris, including more than ten thousand at the Palais-Royal. Camille Desmoulins successfully rallied the crowd by "mounting a table, pistol in hand, exclaiming: 'Citizens, there is no time to lose; the dismissal of Necker is the knell of a Saint Bartholomew for patriots! This very night all the Swiss and German battalions will leave the Champ de Mars to massacre us all; one resource is left; to take arms!'"[2]
The Swiss and German regiments were among the foreign mercenary troops who made up a significant portion of the pre-revolutionary Royal Army, and were seen as being less likely to be sympathetic to the popular cause than ordinary French soldiers. By early July, approximately half of the 25,000 regular troops in Paris and Versailles were drawn from these foreign regiments.
During the public demonstrations that started on 12 July the multitude displayed busts of Necker and of Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans. The crowd clashed with the Royal German Cavalry Regiment ("Royal-Allemand") between the Place Vendôme and the Tuileries Palace. The Royal commander, Baron de Besenval, fearing the results of a blood bath amongst the poorly armed crowds or defections amongst his own men, withdrew the cavalry towards Sèvres. Meanwhile, unrest was growing among the people of Paris who due to their hostility against the Fiscal Legislation of State's Farmers, started attacking customs posts blamed for causing increased food and wine prices. The people of Paris started to plunder any place where food, guns and supplies could be hoarded. The next day, on 13 July, rumours spread that supplies were being hoarded at Saint-Lazare, a huge property of the clergy, which functioned as convent, hospital, school and even as a jail. An angry mob broke in and plundered the property, seizing 52 wagons of wheat which were taken to the public market. That same day multitudes of people plundered many other places including weapon arsenals. The Royal troops did nothing to stop the spreading of social chaos in Paris during those days.[3]
The Bastille of Paris before the Revolution.
The regiment of Gardes Françaises (French Guards) formed the permanent garrison of Paris and with many local ties was favourably disposed towards the popular cause. This regiment had remained confined to its barracks during the initial stages of the mid-July disturbances. With Paris becoming the scene of a general riot, Charles Eugene, Prince of Lambesc (Marshal of the Camp, Proprietor of the Royal Allemand-Dragoons), not trusting the regiment to obey his order, posted sixty dragoons to station themselves before its dépôt in the Chaussée d'Antin. Once again, a measure intended to restrain only served to provoke. The French Guards regiment routed the cavalry, killing two, wounding three, and putting the rest to flight. The officers of the French Guards made ineffectual attempts to rally their men. The rebellious citizenry had now acquired a trained military contingent. As word of this spread, the commanders of the royal forces encamped on the Champ de Mars became doubtful of the dependability of even the foreign regiments. The future "Citizen King", Louis-Phillipe, duc d'Orléans, witnessed these events as a young officer and was of the opinion that the soldiers would have obeyed orders if put to the test. He also commented in retrospect that the officers of the French Guards had neglected their responsibilities in the period before the uprising, leaving the regiment too much to the control of its non-commissioned officers. However, the uncertain leadership of Besenval led to a virtual abdication of royal authority in central Paris.
Storming the Bastille
On the morning of 14 July 1789, the city of Paris was in a state of alarm. The demonstrators of the Third Estate in France, had earlier stormed the Hôtel des Invalides to gather arms (29,000 to 32,000 muskets, but without powder or shot), and were mainly seeking to acquire the large quantities of arms and ammunition stored at the Bastille. On the 14th there were over 13,600 kilograms (30,000 lb) of gunpowder stored there.
French sketching from 1789 depicting the storming of the Bastille.
At this point, the Bastille was nearly empty of prisoners, housing only seven old men annoyed by all the disturbance:[4] four forgers, two "lunatics" and one "deviant" aristocrat, the Comte de Solages (the Marquis de Sade had been transferred out ten days earlier). The cost of maintaining a medieval fortress and garrison for so limited a purpose had led to a decision being taken to close it, shortly before the disturbances began. It was, however, a symbol of royal tyranny.
The regular garrison consisted of 82 invalides (veteran soldiers no longer suitable for service in the field). It had however been reinforced on 7 July by 32 grenadiers of the Swiss Salis-Samade Regiment from the troops on the Champ de Mars. The walls mounted eighteen eight-pound guns and twelve smaller pieces. The governor was Bernard-René de Launay, son of the previous governor and actually born within the Bastille.
Arrest of de Launay, by Jean-Baptiste Lallemand, 1790
Arrest of de Launay by an anonymous artist. A 2013 analysis of the Bastille dimensions showed that it did not tower over the neighborhood as was depicted in the paintings but was more of a comparable height to other buildings in the neighborhood.[5]
The list of vainqueurs de la Bastille has 954 names,[6] and the total of the crowd was probably fewer than one thousand. The crowd gathered outside around mid-morning, calling for the surrender of the prison, the removal of the guns and the release of the arms and gunpowder. Two representatives of the crowd outside were invited into the fortress and negotiations began, and another was admitted around noon with definite demands. The negotiations dragged on while the crowd grew and became impatient. Around 13:30 the crowd surged into the undefended outer courtyard, and the chains on the drawbridge to the inner courtyard were cut, crushing one unfortunate vainqueur. About this time gunfire began, though some stories state that the Governor had a cannon fire into the crowd killing several women, children, and men turning the crowd into a mob. The crowd seemed to have felt it had been drawn into a trap and the fighting became more violent and intense, while attempts by deputies to organise a cease-fire were ignored by the attackers.
The firing continued, and at 15:00 the attackers were reinforced by mutinous gardes françaises and other deserters from among the regular troops, along with two cannons. A substantial force of Royal Army troops encamped on the nearby Champs de Mars did not intervene. With the possibility of a mutual massacre suddenly apparent Governor de Launay ordered a cease fire at 17:00. A letter offering his terms was handed out to the besiegers through a gap in the inner gate. His demands were refused, but de Launay nonetheless capitulated, as he realised that his troops could not hold out much longer; he opened the gates to the inner courtyard, and the vainqueurs swept in to liberate the fortress at 17:30.
Ninety-eight attackers and one defender had died in the actual fighting. De Launay was seized and dragged towards the Hôtel de Ville in a storm of abuse. Outside the Hôtel a discussion as to his fate began. The badly beaten de Launay shouted "Enough! Let me die!"[7] and kicked a pastry cook named Dulait in the groin. De Launay was then stabbed repeatedly and fell, and his head was sawn off and fixed on a pike to be carried through the streets. The three officers of the permanent Bastille garrison were also killed by the crowd; surviving police reports detail their wounds and clothing. Two of the invalides of the garrison were lynched, but all but two of the Swiss regulars of the Salis-Samade Regiment were protected by the French Guards and eventually released to return to their regiment. Their officer, Lieutenant Louis de Flue, wrote a detailed report on the defense of the Bastille which was incorporated in the logbook of the Salis-Samade and has survived. It is (perhaps unfairly) critical of the dead Marquis de Launay, whom de Flue accuses of weak and indecisive leadership. The blame for the fall of the Bastille would rather appear to lie with the inertia of the commanders of the substantial force of Royal Army troops encamped on the Champs de Mars, who made no effort to intervene when the nearby Hôtel des Invalides or the Bastille were attacked.
Returning to the Hôtel de Ville, the mob accused the prévôt ès marchands (roughly, mayor) Jacques de Flesselles of treachery, and he was assassinated en route to an ostensible trial at the Palais-Royal.
The sans-culottes, wearing iconic Phrygian caps and tricolor cockades.
The Place de la Bastille and the July Column where the Bastille once stood.
The king was only informed of the storming the next morning by the Duke of La Rochefoucauld. "Is it a revolt?" asked Louis XVI. The duke replied: "No sire, it is a revolution."[8]
The citizenry of Paris, expecting a counterattack, entrenched the streets, built barricades of paving stones, and armed themselves as well as they could, especially with improvised pikes. Meanwhile, at Versailles, the Assembly remained ignorant of most of the Paris events, but eminently aware that Marshal de Broglie stood on the brink of unleashing a pro-Royalist coup to force the Assembly to adopt the order of 23 June[9] and then to dissolve. The viscomte de Noailles apparently first brought reasonably accurate news of the Paris events to Versailles. M. Ganilh and Bancal-des-Issarts, dispatched to the Hôtel de Ville, confirmed his report.
By the morning of 15 July the outcome appeared clear to the king as well, and he and his military commanders backed down. The Royal troops concentrated around Paris were dispersed to their frontier garrisons. The Marquis de la Fayette took up command of the National Guard at Paris; Jean-Sylvain Bailly – leader of the Third Estate and instigator of the Tennis Court Oath – became the city's mayor under a new governmental structure known as the Commune de Paris. The king announced that he would recall Necker and return from Versailles to Paris; on 17 July, in Paris, he accepted a tricolour cockade from Bailly and entered the Hôtel de Ville, as cries of "Long live the King" were changed to "Long live the Nation".
Nonetheless, after this violence, nobles – little assured by the apparent and, as it was to prove, temporary reconciliation of king and people – started to flee the country as émigrés. Early émigrés included the comte d'Artois (the future Charles X of France) and his two sons, the prince de Condé, the prince de Conti, the Polignac family, and (slightly later) Charles Alexandre de Calonne, the former finance minister. They settled at Turin, where Calonne, as agent for the count d'Artois and the prince de Condé, began plotting civil war within the kingdom and agitating for a European coalition against France.
The successful insurrection at Paris spread throughout France. In accord with principles of popular sovereignty and with complete disregard for claims of royal authority, the people created a parallel structure of municipalities for civic government and militia for civic protection. In rural areas, many went beyond this: some burned title-deeds and no small number of châteaux, as the "Great Fear" spread across the countryside during the weeks of 20 July to 5 August, with attacks on wealthy landlords impelled by the belief that the aristocracy was trying to put down the revolution.
Pierre-François Palloy was given the commission of disassembling the building and commenced work immediately.
Austrian composer Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf wrote his Symphony in C Major as a tribute to the event. The first movement of the piece is known as La Prise De La Bastille.
In Charles Dickens' A Tale of Two Cities, the Defarges help lead the assault on the Bastille, during the second book.
As an interesting historical footnote, the key to the Bastille now resides in George Washington's residence of Mount Vernon. It was sent to him by Lafayette in 1790 as a peace offering.
1789: Les Amants de la Bastille, stage musical whose 2 main characters are split up during the French Revolution, then reunite during the storming of the Bastille
↑ Gross, David. We Won't Pay!: A Tax Resistance Reader. pp. 139–153. ISBN 1-4348-9825-3.
↑ 2.0 2.1 Mignet 1824, §Chapter I
↑ Louis, Bergeron (1970). Le Monde et son Histoire. Paris. p. Volume VII, Chapter VI.
↑ Civilisation: A Personal View, Kenneth Clark, Penguin, 1987, p. 216
↑ http://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/10/arts/design/paris-3d-a-digital-model-of-the-french-capital.html?partner=rss&emc=rss
↑ Hibbert, Christopher. 'The French Revolution' (1980), p. 82 (1982 Penguin Books edition)
↑ Simon Schama, page 405 "Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution", ISBN 0-670-81012-6
↑ Guy Chaussinand-Nogaret, La Bastille est prise, Paris, Éditions Complexe, 1988, p. 102.
↑ "The Séance royale of 23 June 1789". Fitchburg State College. http://sourcebook.fsc.edu/history/seance.html. Retrieved 22 January 2009.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911) Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.) Cambridge University Press
This article incorporates text from the public domain History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814, by François Mignet (1824), as made available by Project Gutenberg.
Lüsebrink, Hans-Jürgen; Reichardt, Rolf; Schürer, Norbert (1997). The Bastille. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0-8223-1894-1. http://books.google.com/books?id=5KPHEQZ_uKAC.
Mignet, Francois-Auguste (1 January 2006). History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814. http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/9602.
Taylor, David (1997). The French Revolution. Heinemann. pp. 16–17. ISBN 978-0-435-31694-5. http://books.google.com/books?id=DKcBqdX0S5AC.
Stephens, Henry Morse (1886). A History of the French Revolution. C. Scribner's sons. pp. 128–168. http://books.google.com/books?id=O6MNAAAAIAAJ.
Abbott, John Stevens Cabot (1887). The French Revolution of 1789 as Viewed in the Light of Republican Institutions. Jefferson Press. pp. 112–122. http://books.google.com/books?id=nS9MP07-9FkC.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Storming of the Bastille.
14 July - Official French website (in English)
Thomas Jefferson's letter to John Jay recounting the storming of the Bastille
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