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Home » Articles » Do Our Woke Universities Live Up to Their Own Values?
Do Our Woke Universities Live Up to Their Own Values?
By Philip Carl Salzman
Each of our great universities used to have official mottos that were meant to stand for their values. For example, McGill University's was "Grandescunt Aucta Labore," 'by work, all things increase and grow'; Western University's was "Veritas et Utilitas," 'truth and usefulness'; Queen's University's was "Sapientia et Doctrina Stabilitas," 'wisdom and knowledge shall be the stability of thy times'; Wilfred Laurier University's was "Veritas Omnia Vincit," 'truth conquers all'; and Brandon University's was "ἀληθεύοντες δὲ ἐν ἀγάπῃ," 'speaking the truth in love.'
To avoid provincialism, here are a few American examples: Yale University's motto was "Lux et Veritas," 'light and truth'; Massachusetts Institute of Technology's was "Mind and Hand"; Duke University's is "Knowledge and Faith"; my alma mater the University of Chicago's was "Let knowledge grow from more to more; and so let human life be enriched"; and Harvard University's was concise "Veritas," 'truth.'
By 2020, almost every university in North America has replaced its traditional motto and specified objective with the common motto "diversity, equity, and inclusion," and its more concise label, "social justice." Truth, knowledge, and wisdom have been replaced in favor of social engineering.
What do woke universities mean by "diversity, equity, and inclusion," and do they live up to their claimed values in practice?
"Diversity, equity, and inclusion" and "social justice" are defined by universities in a statistical, demographic sense. Universities want to know how many members of the preferred categories of "marginalized communities" and "underrepresented minorities" they have, and whether there is a disparity between these and members of other majority identities. When members of collective census categories, such as racial, sex, sexuality, and ethnicity, etc., categories are represented in universities at the same percentage that they are in the general population, then allegedly "social justice" has been achieved. If members of categories are "underrepresented," meaning their percentages are lower than their percentages in the general population, then that is regarded as social injustice, and the members of the underrepresented categories must, according to "social justice" ideology, be increased.
The reason that statistical underrepresentation is regarded as unjust is that it is assumed and asserted that the cause of underrepresentation is discrimination against the members of the category. This is taken as given rather than demonstrated with evidence. Other credible explanations—such as individual preferences, performance gaps, and family and community cultures—are not considered or are dismissed out of hand.
The conventional notion of "inclusion" is openness to all people who qualify for whatever position under consideration. But this is not our universities' definition. Their definition is that some preferred categories of people—females, non-whites, LGBTQ++, Muslims—must be included, whatever their qualifications, and members of other categories—males, whites, heterosexuals, Christians, Jews, and East Asians—may without fault be excluded whatever their qualifications, in order to make room for members of preferred categories. In other words, some people are included because of their sex, race, sexuality, and religion, while others are excluded on those bases. Category membership and identity trump qualifications.
How do we know about the inclusion of members of preferred categories and the exclusion of others? Throughout our universities, bolstered by legislatures in some places, there is a full court press to establish systemic bias in favor of preferred categories of people. In the United States, this is called "affirmative action," which means admitting students of the preferred sex, race, sexuality, and religion at the expense of others. Although public opinion opposes such preferences in university admission, funding, and hiring, and legislative attempts to impose affirmative action have failed, universities have often found "work-arounds" to impose such preferences.
In Canada, sex and race preferences have received the imprimatur of the National Government. Programs in all of Canada's universities direct benefits to preferred categories of people. To take one example, the University of British Columbia (UBC) is directing its engineering department to enroll 50% females. According to The Ubyssey, "'We do have a situation where two-thirds of the members of our student body are men [and so they're] dominating the discussion,' said Marc Parlange, dean of Applied Science. He stated that there is a need to go against the cultural tendencies of male dominance within the engineering faculty and push for more diverse representation."
This UBC initiative assumes that any program with fewer than 50% females is somehow inadequate and unfair and suggests a violation of "social justice," defined in statistical terms. What do we find when we look at UBC generally: are females victims of "marginalization" and "exclusion" throughout?
Females make up 60% of the UBC student body, which presumably means that males are in a 40% minority—not exactly strong support for the idea that females are marginalized at UBC. These percentages are more or less the same in universities across Canada and throughout the United States. At UBC, to continue with our example, Architecture is 58% female; Community and Regional Planning is 66% female; while Nursing is 82% female. Across Canada, there are half again as many females as males in the humanities (165,216 females to 110,904 males), and more than double the number of females as males in the social sciences and law (190,701 females to 84,351 males).
Why the UBC compulsion to force females into engineering? Are females incapable of choosing the fields in which they are interested? It is an established universal fact that, around the world, females are more interested in people and disciplines that focus on people, and males are more interested in things and disciplines that focus on things. We know that, internationally, the greater the gender equality in a country, the fewer females take up science, presumably because they are free to follow their preferences rather than bow to family demands or economic necessities. Furthermore, STEM faculty have a preference for recruiting females, so the only bias is a pro-female one. That female students are a minority in engineering is a result of their preferences for other fields. Do they really need to be frog-marched into engineering?
If UBC is so keen on statistical "gender equality," where are its programs to bring male student enrollment up to 50% and to bring male enrollment up to 50% in architecture, planning, nursing, the social sciences including law, and the humanities? Why are disparities that favor females just fine, while disparities that favor males unacceptable? It appears that UBC is championing the principle that "females are the future." Where exactly is the promised "equity" and "inclusion"? These questions could justly be directed to all Canadian and American universities.
Additionally, at the University of British Columbia, visible minorities (non-whites) make up 65% of all students. This compares with visible minorities being 27.31% of the general population of British Columbia. In other words, visible minorities are "overrepresented" at UBC by well more than double their presence in the general population, whereas whites at around 70% of the general population are underrepresented at UBC as 35% of the student population. If the measure of "social justice" is statistical representation, whites at UBC enjoy neither "inclusion" nor "equity." UBC appears committed to the proposition that "the future is people of color."
UBC and other Canadian and American universities practice a double standard: inclusion for females and people of color, and exclusion for males and whites. Equity is only for the preferred. By its own standards, UBC is systemically unjust.
The statistical idea of justice is fairly new. It reflects the recent bait-and-switch of equality from that of opportunity to that of outcome. The new woke vision is that, if the race, sex, sexuality, and ethnicity numbers are even, all is fair, equal, and just. But this emphasis on non-academic standards is a long leap from heritage academic criteria, such as past performance, level of literacy and numeracy, and potential for future development, including considerations such as creativity, imagination, and originality. Should not these criteria be the basis of university recruitment, rather than skin color and sexual preferences? If we were to follow academic criteria rather than "statistical social justice," then individuals would triumph. Instead empty census categories and statistical disparities reign supreme.
Image: MD Duran, Public Domain
Philip Carl Salzman
Philip Carl Salzman is Emeritus Professor of Anthropology at McGill University, Senior Fellow at the Frontier Centre for Public Policy, Fellow at the Middle East Forum, and a Director of Scholars for Peace in the Middle East.
5 thoughts on "Do Our Woke Universities Live Up to Their Own Values?"
Dr. Ed says:
The interesting thing is that feminists such a Carol Gilligan (In a different voice) and Mary Field Belenky, Blythe McVicker Clinchy, Nancy Rule Goldberger, & Jill Mattuck Tarule (Women's ways of knowing) pretty much said the same thing.
Memory is that they made much of a distinction between "productive" activities and "reproductive" activities, with women being better at the latter.
Robert Weissberg says:
I don't think anybody takes these mottoes seriously, especially since they are in Latin and Latin is the official language of evil dead white males. The real motto, and I'll put it in English, is: Anything to keep the peace. After years of effort, we have bread a race of university administrators whose pandering is hard-wired to the point that they no longer have to think about caving in. Who says evolution requires millennia?
"No trouble on my watch…"
The poster child for bias is the field of education itself — both K-12 education and the college/university certification programs for those wishing to either enter or advance in the field. We're talking over 90% female (my MEd program was 94%) and this imbalance has expanded from elementary school teachers (which were always disproportionately female) to the upper grades, school administrators, and professors of education.
Very few men have been hired in the past 35-40 years and notwithstanding all of the other opportunities now open to women, education has become an increasingly female field. In other words, the excuse for having so many female teachers was that the only professions open to women were teaching and nursing — which isn't true anymore. The female/male ratio is higher *now* than when discrimination forced women into teaching…
Throw in the increasing number of boys being brought up by single mothers — the US illegitimacy rate is now 42% with a jaw-dropping 77.3% of Black babies being born without a father — and we have an increasing number of men growing up without any positive male role model. Add to this the feminist values being taught to the female teachers whom they do have, and is it any wonder that so many boys aren't doing well?
This is a national crisis because while our bridges aren't falling down (usually), our young men are blowing each other away in the streets of Chicago and elsewhere. We need to make the field of education friendly to men — not because of our desires for social justice but for our desperate need for males in the field.
It ain't gonna happen though….
Joel Merzetti says:
Interesting, that males wish to engineer physical things in order to build – a plane, a skyscraper, a bridge, a dam, a rocket…
while females wish to engineer – people.
Which is an interesting concept and comparison.
I find it a bit laughable – that over the past 4 decades many young women of college age must have noticed the advent of that long march through institutions, and the resulting opportunities for solid career placement and advancement. All of it requiring little to none of the hard sciences that actual Engineering rules with tyrannical exactitude.
Personally, having grown up in a time where and when I was allowed to slip through an educational system as fluidly as a purple martin through deep woodlands, I find the concept of social engineering a fascinating one.
We all thought (back when I was very young) that this was the process of advertising. A kind of Deep State of the Madison Avenued.
But even so, it was relatively easy to slip through unscathed, un-messed with, unaltered, free from meddlesome diddling and fiddling of idiots pretending they had the capability to improve on the model.
Nuts to that.
My thesis has been simple for at least half of the past 40 years. We don't really manufacture anything anymore, here in this financialized and white collared economy, humming to the tap tap tap of billions of keys.
We don't make things. We don't process raw materials into useful stuff necessary for our comfort.
So we process people instead. It is an immense growth industry. Which provides a plethora of good jobs with benefits.
The only problem is how to get the people to sit still in order to be processed? Enter the Ideology.
I take it on faith that some people out there still manage to get superior educations. Real educations. At all levels, from start to finish.
How this is managed in these times is almost beyond my imagination.
I know that probably two thirds of my education came after I was finished with the formal stuff. But even this requires a sound foundation – or the structure tilts toward the mere law of gravity – it will not stand.
What passes for any Emperor or Empress's new clothes can get a little embarrassing when a cold wind blows.
This is what happens when what we think of as actual learning becomes instead leaning – toward power.
Or the illusion of it.
The 20th Century was a fascinating specimen for historical examination. There are plenty enough examples to prove what should be a relatively easy thesis:
The world did become (for billions) a better place when citizens everywhere were left alone to rise toward human values.
It took a different turn in numerous cases, when the illusion of this was decreed by tyranny.
Incidentally, many people who know all about this have long since arrived from elsewhere, into the west. They know all about the nature of what they left. They understood that they would find difference in the west, and so they did.
They hadn't hankered on this particular fact, though.
The west has never know the kind of tyranny that millions of immigrants escaped in order to arrive alive into a freedom.
Silly west. Like a pampered child, it believes in magic tricks. Such as, we can do it better. Or that truth must bow down to (somebody's) idea of justice. Or that equality and equity are identical twins. And so on.
I can well imagine that a Chines grandmother (who was a mere child at the time of the original Long March in 1949) and who has been here in the west for all or most of these past 4 decades, and whose grandchildren, every one of them, excel in STEM subjects at the highest level…..casts her eye about, holds court in her exalted kitchen, and talks with her friends about a thing that she's seen before.
It is a telling thing – just who does not and will not talk with her. Inclusivity is indeed, a magic trick.
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FREE SPEECH IN PERIL
College: Where You Can't Say What You Think
The culture wars are raging on college campuses, and students and teachers are taking sides. The result is the rise of a single-minded point of view on social, economic and political issues that is silencing debate about America's core values. Those values are often shared by the very people who shun debate because giving voice to any opposing view will weaken their own. Minding the Campus created this collection of essays and reports on the crisis of free speech in higher education, and we're publishing it here for our readers and offering it without cost. We hope you will contribute, however, to our non-profit website. Thank you for your consideration.
Minding the Campus, the website written mostly by courageous professors who choose to educate rather than proselytize students to their world view, needs your help. Even a small donation makes a big difference. Click here to donate now.
What Students Really Learn at University
Perhaps no one has written more about the plague of identity politics on America's college campuses than MTC's contributor, Philip Carl Salzman. Salzman, Emeritus Professor of Anthropology at McGill University, and a contributor to many public policy organizations, has now published some of his most powerful essays in an e-Book collection called Universities Today. Salzman writes, "Since the 1980s, universities have increasingly turned away from producing and disseminating knowledge and taken up as their objective neo-Marxist radical social reform, often labeled 'social justice.' Today, universities focus on political propaganda and activism and are increasingly like closed religious cults."
Attention Middle Easterners! You Don't Have to Be White Anymore
So says Harvard University in a convoluted explanation of race, identity, culture and white privilege. According to Harvard, "Since 1944, Middle Eastern- and North African-Americans have been legally "white," having to check the "white" box on demographic surveys like the U.S. census." OMG—what a burden! Well, fear no more my Lebanese and Syrian friends, my pals from Iraq and Iran—you no longer have the burden of being white—you can be a MENA! A middle-eastern north African. What a joy to shed the mantle of white privilege once and for all. How wonderful to have such a joyous moniker of peace, achievement, cultural contribution, and tolerance to wrap around oneself.
If You're On Time, You're a White Supremacist
The National Conference on Race and Ethnicity in American Higher Education, or NCORE, will feature a "pre-conference" session led by an educational consultant who believes being on time is a form of "white supremacy." The story appears in The College Fix. NCORE is a function of the University of Oklahoma's Southwest Center for Human Relations Studies. This year, Heather Hackman of the Hackman Consulting Group will speak about "…Racism and Whiteness and Achieving Racial Justice." Hackman is a former professor of multicultural education at St. Cloud University who, at 2016's "White Privilege Conference," informed attendees that "the racial narrative of White" includes "making sure you're not tardy." Individualism, honesty, discipline, and rigor were other factors.
Peggy Noonan on the Coming Fall of 'Woke' Progressives
"The past decade saw the rise of the woke progressives who dictate what words can be said and ideas held, thus poisoning and paralyzing American humor, drama, entertainment, culture and journalism. In the coming 10 years someone will effectively stand up to them. They are the most hated people in America, and their entire program is accusation: you are racist, sexist, homophobic, transphobic; you are a bigot, a villain, a white male, a patriarchal misogynist, your day is over. They never have a second move. Bow to them, as most do, and they'll accuse you even more of newly imagined sins. They claim to be vulnerable victims, and moral. Actually, they're not." -- The Wall Street Journal, January 4 -5
Let's Ban the SAT and ACT!
That's what a coalition of civil rights lawyers wants to do in California in order to end discrimination based on merit for Latinos and African Americans. According to a report in The New Yorker, the only tests the lawyers would allow are Advanced Placement exams. The shell game of accepting test results, then distorting them to achieve a "racially balanced outcome," has been known for years at some of the most prestigious schools in the country. But two events have prompted this action in California: One is the ongoing challenge by Students for Fair Admissions vs. Harvard to level the playing field for Asian students, who score high on grades and tests. The other is the changing makeup of the Supreme Court, which has become more conservative in the last few years. Does anyone care that American students continue to decline in global matchups against other developed countries?
If You're White, You're Wrong
Following a growing trend in higher education, a Dartmouth professor called for mandatory white privilege courses. Dr. Emily Walton wrote an op-ed in USA Today calling for all students to take courses in white privilege and black history. She accuses white people of being afflicted with "white blindness" or a state in which racial privilege is invisible. She also claims the K-12 public schools perpetuate "white blindness" (read discrimination) by not mandating ethnic studies classes. To top it off, she equates the meritocratic system of hard work with white discrimination against minorities.
Reader Letter of the Month
In response to "Wanna Teach? Submit a Killer 'Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion' Statement"
I am a long-retired public school teacher. Last fall, I submitted a letter to the editor of Education Week (unpublished), providing data on public education's devotion to social justice issues.
A subscriber since the founding of Education Week in 1981, I've noticed a persistent theme: the "achievement gap." In the 12-11 issue, for example, two commentaries were on that topic. Looking towards the next four decades, entertain a possibility: A fixation on performance "gaps" and on assigning blame may be unhealthy.
Evidence of fixation? At Edweek.org, I searched 24 terms associated with the achievement gap to gauge frequency. Assume 36 issues per year of Education Week over 38 years. That's 1,368 issues. Divide "mentions" below by 1,368 for the average number of times one is likely to encounter a particular term in a random issue of Education Week:
"equity" – 7,334 mentions (5.9 times per issue)
"achievement gap" – 4,930
"discrimination" – 3,740
"desegregation" – 3,090
"social justice" – 3,020
"desegregate" – 3,063
"segregation" – 1,968
"segregate" – 1,498
"discriminate" – 1,396
"racism" – 1,380
"slavery" – 520
"racial discrimination" – 431
"racial bias" – 265
"mandatory busing" – 235
"Jim Crow" – 168
"implicit bias" – 166
"cultural competence" – 91
"forced busing" – 90
"white privilege" – 85
"institutional racism" – 76
"systemic racism" – 51
"busing for racial balance" – 51
"redlining" or "red-lining" – 38
"structural racism" – 27
Consider two changes-of-direction for the next 38 years:
1) America is among the least racist nations in the world. Endlessly beating itself up over racial disparities ill serves everyone.
2) Groups focus differently; people are individuals. All 64 starting NFL cornerbacks are Black and have been for 17 years. That gap alarms no one. Bringing some of that tolerance to educational performance may produce happier results than four more decades obsessing over gaps.
Individuals are key. Overlap among and variation within groups is enormous. While upholding meritocratic standards, why not incentivize individuals to move where they can, possibly "testing out" of graded systems. Adjusting compulsory attendance and child-labor laws might better accommodate enormous variation among individuals.
Tom Shuford, Lenoir, NC
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Calling all professors, college newspaper reporters and editors who believe in diversity of thought as well as culture and ethnicity. Minding the Campus aims to expose today's single lane thought highway at today's universities and find solutions to the growing monoculture of ideas that silences the contrarians. MTC also has a commitment to due process and reports on how accusations of sexual assault on campus can convict a student who was denied legal representation. If you want to know more, please click here to read more.
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text:
package goquery

import (
	"testing"

	"bosun.org/_third_party/golang.org/x/net/html"
)

func TestEach(t *testing.T) {
	var cnt int

	sel := Doc().Find(".hero-unit .row-fluid").Each(func(i int, n *Selection) {
		cnt++
		t.Logf("At index %v, node %v", i, n.Nodes[0].Data)
	}).Find("a")

	if cnt != 4 {
		t.Errorf("Expected Each() to call function 4 times, got %v times.", cnt)
	}
	assertLength(t, sel.Nodes, 6)
}

func TestEachWithBreak(t *testing.T) {
	var cnt int

	sel := Doc().Find(".hero-unit .row-fluid").EachWithBreak(func(i int, n *Selection) bool {
		cnt++
		t.Logf("At index %v, node %v", i, n.Nodes[0].Data)
		return false
	}).Find("a")

	if cnt != 1 {
		t.Errorf("Expected Each() to call function 1 time, got %v times.", cnt)
	}
	assertLength(t, sel.Nodes, 6)
}

func TestEachEmptySelection(t *testing.T) {
	var cnt int

	sel := Doc().Find("zzzz")
	sel.Each(func(i int, n *Selection) {
		cnt++
	})
	if cnt > 0 {
		t.Error("Expected Each() to not be called on empty Selection.")
	}
	sel2 := sel.Find("div")
	assertLength(t, sel2.Nodes, 0)
}

func TestMap(t *testing.T) {
	sel := Doc().Find(".pvk-content")
	vals := sel.Map(func(i int, s *Selection) string {
		n := s.Get(0)
		if n.Type == html.ElementNode {
			return n.Data
		}
		return ""
	})
	for _, v := range vals {
		if v != "div" {
			t.Error("Expected Map array result to be all 'div's.")
		}
	}
	if len(vals) != 3 {
		t.Errorf("Expected Map array result to have a length of 3, found %v.", len(vals))
	}
}

func TestForRange(t *testing.T) {
	sel := Doc().Find(".pvk-content")
	initLen := sel.Length()
	for i := range sel.Nodes {
		single := sel.Eq(i)
		//h, err := single.Html()
		//if err != nil {
		//	t.Fatal(err)
		//}
		//fmt.Println(i, h)
		if single.Length() != 1 {
			t.Errorf("%d: expected length of 1, got %d", i, single.Length())
		}
	}
	if sel.Length() != initLen {
		t.Errorf("expected initial selection to still have length %d, got %d", initLen, sel.Length())
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The links of Ayrshire along the west coast of Scotland were created for well heeled vacationers traveling by train from Glasgow and Edinburgh more than a century ago.
Many of the railway stops have been lost to history, but the cherished links live on. History bonds several of the region's best links to the Open Championship.
The Old Course at Prestwick Golf Club hosted the Open 24 times from 1860-1925. The modern inclusion of Turnberry Resort's Ailsa Course, site of the historic "Duel in the Sun" between Jack Nicklaus and Tom Watson in 1977, introduced the world to its stunning charms. The Old Course at Royal Troon Golf Club continues to prepare for its ninth Open Championship in 2016.
There's no more scenic links in the world than this grand par-70 course, home to one iconic landmark after another. Ailsa Craig, a giant rock island, sits 10 miles offshore in the Firth of Clyde. The Turnberry Lighthouse, built in 1873 along the rocky coast, remains visible throughout the day. Epic holes no. 9 through no. 11 get up close and personal. A war memorial in the shape of a cross stands above the 12th green, honoring those who died during the resort's stints as a military airbase during the two World Wars. Greg Norman's 1986 Open Championship title and Nick Price's 1994 victory were good, but they were not as dramatic as Stewart Cink's playoff victory over an ageless Watson in 2009. I've not played Turnberry's Kintyre Course, but I've been told it's definitely worth a look as well.
This quirky 6,908-yard links hosted the first dozen Open Championships from 1860 to 1872. Even though it hasn't held one in nearly 90 years, only the Old Course at St. Andrews has hosted more majors than this venerable Scottish club. Prestwick's original 12-hole routing created in 1851 extended to 18 holes in 1882. The first hole runs along the railway, setting the stage for a demanding round among the dunes. Hiring a caddie or playing with a member remains an absolute must to solve several mysterious holes. Otherwise, the blind shots on the par-5 third hole, the par-3 fifth hole and the par-4 17th hole will trick first-timers into course mismanagement. Even with the proper instruction, there's no guarantee of good fortune. Explore the clubhouse to discover a trove of old books, pictures and artifacts after the round.
The opening nine holes -- the first six hug the shore -- gently ease into the round on this 7,202-yard par-71 course, which dates to 1888. It's the more demanding loop that returns to the clubhouse where championships are won and lost. Players who hit the "Postage Stamp" green at no. 8 -- a pint-sized par 3 of 123 yards -- should celebrate with a pint after the round. Although some gorse is being cut back prior to the tournament, a sea of this yellow prickly bush still lines the par-4 11th hole called "The Railway," where tracks run up the right side.
Founded in 1897, Western Gailes Golf Club might be the most linear layout in golf. Sandwiched on a mere 130 acres between the railroad line and the sea, the 6,714-yard course never stretches more than two holes wide. The routing heads north for the first four holes before turning around with the next nine holes along Irvine Bay. The final five reverse field, running parallel to the tracks back toward the centrally located clubhouse. This Open qualifying site plays every bit like a major championship venue when the wind kicks up. There's very little gorse and few blind shots to fret over at Western Gailes. Greens nestle naturally into the dunes, and burns protect four of them.
Located across the tracks from Western Gailes, this 7,100-yard modern design that was selected to host the 2017 AAM Scottish Open cannot be considered a true links since it is not located on the shore. Phillips, best known for his work at Kingsbarns in Scotland, sculpted wide fairways through man-made dunes. These generous corridors give way to difficult greens surrounded by penal bunkers. Burns protect several holes at Dundonald Links, fronting the greens at no. 9 and no. 18. The 13th and 16th holes run parallel to the train tracks. The signature swing comes on the 11th tee box, a fun 120-yard par 3 over a marsh. Take an extra club, not only for the elevated green but also to combat the wind coming off the water.
Seven Scottish links have hosted The Open since its inception in 1860. The experience of playing every one of these fascinating links has defining characteristics and even a drawback or two. Jason Scott Deegan has more.
Scotland & Ireland golf: Tour operator or self-plan?
The Open is over and now you want to play links golf overseas. But just how should you go about it?


text:
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HR in the Global Context
Employment Law & Regulations (U.S. only)
Test Windows and Registration Dates
Spring Window: May 1 - July 15, 2021
Applications accepted starting: Jan. 4, 2021
Early Application Deadline: March 19, 2021
Late Application Deadline: April 9, 2021
Exam Structure
Computer-based experience
SHRM-CP® Exam: 160 questions (95 stand-alone knowledge/65 situational judgment)*
SHRM-SCP® Exam: 180 questions (95 stand-alone knowledge/60 situational judgment/30 field test items)*
*Exam fee is not included in fee. It is a separate registration for the exam through SHRM. Exam applications will be accepted starting on January 4, 2021.
If you have less than a bachelor's degree:
SHRM-CP® Exam
HR-related degree: Three years in an HR role
Non-HR related degree: Four years in HR role
SHRM-SCP® Exam
Non-HR related degree: Seven years in HR role
If you have a bachelor's degree:
HR-related degree: One year in an HR role
Non-HR related degree: Two years in HR role
HR-related degree: Four years in an HR role
Non-HR related degree: Five years in HR role
If you have a graduate degree:
HR-related degree: Currently in HR role
Non-HR related degree: One year in HR role
HR-related degree: Three years in HR role
A SHRM-CP credential holder is eligible to sit for the SHRM-SCP exam after successful completion of one three-year SHRM-CP recertification cycle.
Applicants must show that they have worked in an HR role for more than 1,000 hours within a calendar year, which equates to 1 year of experience
HR experience may be in an HR exempt or nonexempt capacity
Applicants with a graduate degree (or global equivalency) in HR must currently be employed in an HR role
HR experience may be classified directly, as working in an HR role, or indirectly, by consulting, educating or researching HR practices linked specifically to human resource management
SHRM membership is not required
Certification Cycle
All credentials are valid for three years. Recertification is required every three years through demonstrated professional development (preferred method) or retaking the exam.
Who Should Enroll
HR and benefit professionals currently practicing in the field
Recruiting and training professionals
Employees with management responsibilities
Individuals seeking a career in human resources
HR professionals planning to take the prestigious SHRM-CP® or SHRM-SCP® exam
SHRM® Certification is a great choice for HR professionals who want to:
Increase their knowledge
Advance their skills
Earn recognition from the global community
Why choose an online course?
Offered entirely online
Live instruction
Class recordings are made available in video (MP4) format
The estimated Cost of Attendance (COA) for the Human Resource Certificate Program is up to $1337.
Financial assistance information can be found on Rice Financial Aid's Visiting and Continuing Education Students page.
Due to the high demand for courses, registrations are considered final as of 10 working days before class starts. No refunds will be issued after these dates and credits will not be given for future classes. No refunds will be granted for participants who miss a portion of a program. Refund requests before the deadline are subject to a 10% processing fee and must be made in writing to gscs@rice.edu. If books have been issued, the cost of the books and any shipping fees will be deducted. Refunds for credit card payments will be processed as credits to the accounts from which they were paid and may not appear as a credit until the following statement. Refunds for enrollments paid by check take up to four weeks to be processed and mailed by the Rice University accounting office. There is a $30 charge for any check returned for insufficient funds.
An individual may be able to claim a tax deduction or a tax credit for the cost of attending this continuing education program. However, we do not issue 1098-Ts. Non-academic credit programs such as continuing education courses do not require a 1098-T per IRS guidelines. Please keep a copy of your receipt and consult with your tax advisor about whether your payment meets the regulations that apply to tax deductions and tax credits. The University's Federal Tax ID Number is 74-1109620.
Join us for a free information session to learn more.
Online Course Requirements
Students in most professional development programs must have access to a computer and the Internet to complete the coursework required to earn the Certificate of Achievement.
"Virtual Classroom" – Blackboard Collaborate Requirements
Students in online format courses must have the following:
Headset or earbuds with a microphone attached to your computer
Google Chrome or Firefox browsers
Accessing "Virtual Classroom" With a Phone or Tablet
iPhone or iPad – Must use Safari browser.
Android phone or tablets – Must use Chrome browser.
Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) 36.0 PDU 36.0 PDU
Applies Towards the Following Certificates
Human Resource Management Certificate Program : Human Resource Management Certificate Program
PSHRMSHR1800 - Starts Feb. 9
Expand or collapse PSHRMSHR1800 - Starts Feb. 9
Human Resources Management Certificate Program
Feb 09, 2021 to Apr 27, 2021
Tuition $1,402.00
Potential Discount(s)
Rice Alumni (20% off PS courses)
GSCS15 (15% off PS courses)
Rice Faculty and Staff (20% off PS courses)
3.6 CEUs
Kathleen Fenninger
Jennifer Warne
This section will be taught in Zoom.
Please refer to the course home page for your potential discount code (GSCS15) to use at check out. Discount codes cannot be applied retroactively after purchase has been made.
Tuition includes the cost of shipping books via Federal Express. We are unable to pro-rate the tuition for students that have purchased their books from an outside source.
Applicants must meet specific educational and work experience criteria at the time they submit their application in order to be eligible to sit for the SHRM-CP or SHRM-SCP exam.
Students are now able to take the SHRM-CP/SCP exams remotely through ProProctor. Read more here: https://bddy.me/2W0AeyS
Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) 36.0 PDU
PSHRMSHR1800 - Starts Feb. 10
Expand or collapse PSHRMSHR1800 - Starts Feb. 10
James S. Kane
Kathy McBrayer
Paula H Harvey
Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) 36.0 PDC
PSHRMSHR1800 - Starts March 1
Expand or collapse PSHRMSHR1800 - Starts March 1
M, Th
Mar 01, 2021 to Apr 08, 2021
Debi Dault
Jill Silman Chapman, SPHR, SHRM-SCP
PSHRMSHR1800 - Starts April 21
Expand or collapse PSHRMSHR1800 - Starts April 21
Apr 21, 2021 to May 27, 2021
W, Th
Apr 21, 2021 to Apr 22, 2021
T, Th
May 04, 2021 to May 27, 2021
PSHRMSHR1800 - Starts Feb. 9 - Human Resources Management Certificate Program
Tuition includes the cost of sending the books via Federal Express.
Rice Alumni (Undergraduates & Graduates) - 20% off Professional & Corporate Programs offerings, call 713-348-4803 for the discount code to use at checkout.
Special Promotion - 15% off select Professional Studies courses. Enter coupon code GSCS15 at checkout.
Rice Faculty & Staff - 20% off select courses, call 713-348-4803 for the discount code to use at checkout.
The continuing education unit (CEU) is a nationally recognized means to document participation in organized non-credit continuing education. One CEU is defined as 10 contact hours of participation in organized continuing education under qualified instruction. The CEU provides a vehicle for employers, professional groups, and licensing agencies to account for participation in non-credit seminars, workshops, and courses.
Kathleen M. Fenninger, SHRM-SCP, SPHR, GPHR, has more than 30 years of experience in human resources both as a generalist and an employment specialist, primarily in the energy and financial services industries in Houston and New York City. She has served as president of the Houston Human Resource Management Association and was awarded the Distinguished Professional in Human Resources award in 1998. Ms. Fenninger holds an MBA in organizational behavior and marketing, an M.S. in education and a B.A. in English from Iona College in New Rochelle, New York. She has been an instructor for the Glasscock School of Continuing Studies since 1996 and helped to found the Rice University Institute for Human Resource Education. Additionally, she is the immediate past president of The Rotary Club of Houston and serves on the board of HSPVA Friends.
Jennifer Warne, SHRM-SCP, SPHR, has more than 20 years of human resources experience in the oil and gas industry with an emphasis on organizational development, compensation, and employee relations. She holds a bachelor's in management science from the State University of New York at Geneseo and a MIRL in industrial and labor relations from Cornell University.
PSHRMSHR1800 - Starts Feb. 10 - Human Resources Management Certificate Program
Tuition includes the cost of shipping books via Federal Express.
James Kane, MS, HRD, SHRM-SCP, SPHR, is the chief human resources officer for the County of Delaware in Pennsylvania (outside of Philadelphia), where he leads the department and works on opportunities of change such as a new Public Health Department, preparing for a safe and secure workplace during the current pandemic and many other initiatives. Previously he served as the director of executive education at Rowan University, vice president and the chief human resources officer at Synovos, and 21 years at Villanova University where he served as director of continuing education. Mr. Kane holds both his bachelor's and master's in human resources development from Villanova University, and is an active SHRM member in the Philadelphia area. He volunteers his time to assist those in transition find new opportunities, and joined the instructor team at Rice University's Glasscock School in 2016.
Kathy McBrayer, SHRM-SCP, M.Ed., SPHR, - SHRM-CP Instructor - is president and founder of TMP Consulting, a human capital consulting firm focused on HR issues that arise during major change initiatives. Ms. McBrayer has more than 20 years of corporate experience in business and human resources; she was most recently vice president of HR for Hewlett-Packard. She holds a bachelor's degree in business administration from Northwood University and a master's degree in education from Texas Woman's University. Ms. McBrayer is in the dissertation phase of her doctoral studies in organization and management with a specialization in human resources.
Billy Davis, SHRM-SCP, SPHR, is the southeast regional human resource manager for Crown Cork & Seal. He has nearly 30 years of experience in human resources, including labor and employee relations, compensation and benefits, diversity, workforce planning, training and development, organizational effectiveness consulting and change management. He has served as a board member for the Texas Business Group on Health and was a governor appointee, representing large business, to the Texas Health Care Information Council. He holds a B.S. in criminal justice and an M.A. in human resource management.
Paula H. Harvey, MBA, SHRM-SCP, SPHR, GPHR is the VP of human resources & safety for Schulte Building Systems in Hockley, Texas. She has worked in the retail, services, construction and manufacturing industries. Ms. Harvey has more than 30 years of experience in human resources. She earned her bachelor's of business administration in international marketing and operations management from the University of Texas at Austin. She has also earned her MBA with a concentration in HR management from the University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
She is a Senior Global Certified Professional of Human Resources through SHRM and HRCI. She is an authorized OSHA 501 trainer and has achieved the Manager of Environmental Safety and Health Programs (MESH) certificate and the Advanced Safety Certification (ASC) from the National Safety Council.
Ms. Harvey teaches several business and leadership related topics especially to HR professionals. She is also an internationally recognized speaker on global and strategic business issues. She has published or been quoted in several articles on HR topics and co-authored three books with other HR professionals.
She is an active member of the Society for Human Resources Management (SHRM) currently serving on the board of the SHRM Foundation and on the SHRM Talent Acquisition Panel. She has also served as the SE Membership Advisory Council Representative (MAC), NCSHRM President and President of Union County HR Association and Charlotte Area SHRM. She is a member of HR Houston mentoring students on the University Liaison committee. She is a past recipient of NCSHRM HR Professional of the Year and NCSHRM HR Humanitarian of the Year.
PSHRMSHR1800 - Starts March 1 - Human Resources Management Certificate Program
Debi Dault, CRP, GPHR, SHRM-SCP is the president and CEO of Dault Global Solutions, and throughout her career, she has worked with HR professionals and corporations determining solutions for global mobility and HR challenges both in the United States and abroad. Ms. Dault is a very active volunteer leader for Texas SHRM, the State Council of the Society of Human Resource Management, which supports 34 HR chapters and 33 Student HR chapters in Texas. She is a past director of Texas SHRM and previous president of Dallas HR. She currently serves as the executive director for the Texas SHRM Global HR Conference held annually in Houston. She is a frequent speaker on HR issues for both corporations and HR educational conferences and has been an instructor for certification classes at various universities.
Jill Silman Chapman, SHRM-SCP, SPHR, is a senior performance consultant with Insperity Traditional Employment Solutions. She holds a bachelor's degree in Journalism from The University of Texas at Austin, a master's degree in HR management from Tarleton State University, and has 25+ years of experience in the HR and recruiting industry. Ms. Chapman partners with clients in order to recruit and train staff with an emphasis on productivity and performance. Through presentations, webinars and podcasts, she helps businesses find the best talent with the latest in recruitment strategy, talent attraction methods, and technology. Ms. Chapman has been quoted as a business expert in such media outlets like The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, and CBS MarketWatch, and has worked with such clients as Marriott, Fox Sports, Monster.com, and HR.com.
PSHRMSHR1800 - Starts April 21 - Human Resources Management Certificate Program

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Public Administration Academy of the RA is the legal successor of RA School of Management which was established in accordance with the government decree N240 dated May 24, 1994 with the technical support of European Union TACIS program.
The first admission of stationary students took place in 1995. The School was granted the right to organize part-time educational program with the duration of 2.5 years in accordance with the government decree N107 dated April 30, 1997.
With the goal of conforming the processes of public servants' training and qualification improvement to contemporary requirements the RA School of Management was reorganized in the Public Administration Academy of RA as a state non-profit organization in accordance with the government decree N308 dated April 8, 2002. A year later Masters programme was initiated in accordance with the government decree N370 dated April 10, 2003.
In accordance with the government decree N1452 dated November 11, 2010, and the decree N29-A, dated January 20, 2011, the general administration of the Academy is carried out by the "Staff of the President of the Republic of Armenia" state governance institution (authorized body) in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Armenia and this charter, on the basis of self management: accompanying personal management and collegial principles and implementing the functions of the Board, Academic Board and President's Office.


text:
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[live from trinidad]
StudioFilmClub
This week at SFC: trinidad + tobago film festival
FERNANDES INDUSTRIAL CENTRE
EASTERN MAIN ROAD
For more info about the Film Festival, click here
STUDIOFILMCLUB is very proud to have Hilton Als select this years program for our part of the Trinidad & Tobago Film Festival 2009.
Hilton is an author and staff writer for the New Yorker and a regular contributor to the New York Review of Books.
He has been actively involved with SFC since agreeing to choose films for the festival - writing syopsis's and his conversations have suggested film after film for screening...
For the festival Hilton has entitled his three night selection THREE WOMEN - and it starts off withwith Robert Altman's classic 3 Women.
In 1977, the late Texas-born director, Robert Altman (1925-2006) had a dream. It involved three women living in a desert resort community, somewhere in California. The next morning, with the help of the screenwriter, Pat Resnick, Altman began sketching his film, which remains his most personal, and among the more disturbing produced during Hollywood's late to mid-seventies golden age. Starring three performers from Texas--Shelley Duvall, Sissy Spacek, and Janice Rule--"3 Women," is as much about the double-self as Ingmar Bergman's brilliant, "Persona," but with the cock-eyed charm of a M-G-M comedy starring Zasu Pitts. While Janice Rule paints enigmatic murals in a rundown apartment house for singles, Duvall-as-Millie-Lamorroreaux'
s new roommate, Pinky Rose (Spacek) starts to assume aspects of Millie's personality, including her awkwardness, and penchant for sleeping with Rule's husband. For her astonishing work--she improvised a great many of her monologues--Shelley Duvall won the Best Actress award at Cannes, while Spacek collected a Best Supporting Actress honor from the New York Film Critics.
3 WOMEN Wednesday 16th September 8:15 pm
Directed by Robert Altman
Starring Shelley Duvall, Sissy Spacek, and Janice Rule
Running time: approximately 125 minutes
Robert Altman is generally regarded as one of America's great directors. By the time of his death, he had made over forty feature length films, including the seminal MASH (1970), "McCabe and Mrs. Miller" (1971) and
"Nashville" (1975). His work was distinctive in its use of overlapping, naturalistic dialogue, and for its criticism of America's status quo. He was awarded an honorary Oscar before his death in 2006
Thursday 17th September 8:15pm
Two Women: Sort Of
The filmmaker Leslie Thornton's "Peggy and Fred in Hell," is a process-oriented work that combines archival footage, and images Thornton's shot and arranged herself, on both film and video, from 1984 to 2009. In the early nineteen-eighties, the artist began filming two children she met in Providence, Rhode Island. In short order they became the focus of her project--to show the last two beings, a pre-adolescent brother and sister, on earth. Inundated by media and natural devastation, Peggy and Fred traverse a post-apocalyptic universe where they can only reflect one another, and the ruin of the world. (Part of the story Thornton means to tell here through metaphor is her own history of duality. How to resolve the image of her father, a gentle man, with the fact that he was a scientist who worked on developing the Atom bomb?) Combining bright lights, pictures and sound from television, as well as pre-sound images from documentary nature films, Thornton's extraordinary document is a near hallucinatory blend of "real" shots and manufactured scenes, or fiction. Taken together, they challenge our notion of what's true and what's false, what defines a boy and a girl, and how to cope in a world that won't let us alone even as it disappears right before our very eyes.
Peggy and Fred in Hell
Directed by Leslie Thornton
Color and black and white
Leslie Thornton was born in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, in 1951. She is a professor in the Modern Culture and Media Department at Brown University. Her other films include "Let Me Count The Ways..10...9...8...7," which was selected for inclusion in the 2008 Whitney Biennial.
The performance artist and filmmaker Kalup Linzy generally performs in drag, but he's a post-camp artist. While his videos--a take-off on the soap operas he watched as a child--have arch elements, Linzy is sincere in his appreciation of story-telling, pathos, and suspense. But the world seen in long-running television shows like "The Guiding Light," and "The Young and The Restless," are almost all-white, upwardly mobile, or both. Linzy rejects this notion, and makes poor or lower middle-class Southern-based black women the focus of his short, trenchant videos. Following no particular order, Linzy's soap operas track the inhabitants of a small Southern town who need a ride to the club, or disagree with someone's object choice. It's Faulkner by way of Tyler Perry. Crudely dubbed--one troubled character asks, "Is God throwing shade?"--Linzy speaks all his characters lines, both men and women, black and white, the better to maintain control over his fictionalized world filled with real humor and feelings.
Kalup Linzy was born in Clermont, Florida, in 1977. A graduate of the MFA program at the University of South Florida, he was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 2007.
One Woman
In 1997, Kara Walker won the MacArthur "genius" award--one of the youngest artists to be so honored. This was for her body of work, which centers on race, and the powerful psychological projections that are attached to stereotypes. From the start of her career, Walker has used the antiquated silhouette form to address slavery, and it's resulting confusion: "carpet-bagging," "freedom," miscegenation. It was only a matter of time before the artist made the next step--by having her sweeping still narratives move. In 2004, Walker directed her first film, "Testimony: Narrative of a Negress Burdened by Good Intentions"--a film that gains in narrative power through its chronological confusion. Things happen, but when? While a Walker film is rooted in the history of slavery--we recognize the plantation, the masters and the slaves--we see it through a modern lens, informed by our knowledge of D.W. Griffith's "Birth of a Nation," "Mandingo," and other sexed up, vexing conceits. Walker means to incorporate both views in her work--the historical and the ahistorical, the trashy and the exalted--while opening the viewer up to another vista altogether: their race-defined, not to say limited, self.
Friday September 18th 8:15pm doors open 7:30
Directed by Kara Walker
Running time: Approximately One Hour
Kara Walker was born in Stockton, California, in 1969, and partly raised in Atlanta, Georgia. She received her MFA in Painting/Printmaking from the Rhode Island School of Design. In 2007 Time Magazine named her one of the country's one hundred most influential artists.
FILMS:
Testimony: Narrative of a Negress Burdened by Good Intentions, 2004
DVD video, B & W, silent
8 minutes 49 seconds
8 Possible Beginnings or: The Creation of African-America, a Moving Picture by Kara E. Walker, 2005
DVD Video, B & W, stereo
…calling to me from the angry surface of some grey and threatening sea., 2007
DVD video, Color, silent
Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands: Six Miles from Springfield on the Franklin Road, 2009
DVD Video, Color, stereo
13 minutes, 22 seconds
National Archives Microfilm Publication M999 Roll 34: Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands: Lucy of Pulaski, 2009
12 minutes, 8 seconds
posted by Attillah at 9:29 AM
About SFC
StudioFilmClub is a weekly film club run by artists Peter Doig and Che Lovelace in the front foyer space in Building 7, Fernandes compound, Laventille, Port of Spain, Trinidad
Since February 2003, SFC has offered screenings of Caribbean, foreign-language, independent and art-house films to Trinidadian viewers, in casual, low-frills surroundings with an eclectic, free-and-easy atmosphere. Doors open most Thursday nights at 7.30; main feature starts at 8.15. All screenings are FREE
For more information, or to sign up for the StudioFilmClub e-newsletter, email studiofilmclub AT gmail DOT com
Read an article on SFC by Lisa Allen-Agostini, published in the Trinidad Guardian, 6 May, 2003
Check out STUDIOFILMCLUB, a book of Peter Doig's posters created for SFC screenings
The films of StudioFilmClub, 13 February, 2003, to 6 August, 2009: a list compiled by Jonathan Ali
Alice Yard
Caribbean Free Radio
Caribbean Beat
Caribbean Beat blog
The Caribbean Review of Books
Antilles, the CRB blog
Draconian Switch
INDIgroove
This week at SFC:Mister Lonely
This week at SFC:Three TImes
This week at SFC:The Crying Game
This week at SFC:It's All True
This week at SFC:Ornette Coleman: Made in America
This week at SFC:Klute & A Letter to Jane
The films of StudioFilmClub
This week at SFC:Bergman Island
This week at SFC: Cool & Jazz Baroness
This week at SFC: Tyson


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Johnna Vitti, Firm Administrator for Pastore and Dailey LLC, has been welcomed to the National Association of Professional Women as an elite member. NAPW is the most rapidly growing association in the US for professional women to network on career development, business, and philanthropy. She will be attending their upcoming national seminar in New York, where she may speak to her experience in opening Pastore & Dailey LLC to a forum of other professional women. For more information, please visit their website at www.napw.com.


Our four-piece perfect fit bumper features an appliqued striped dinosaur in the center surrounded by embroidered leaves. The side panels are a gray cotton fabric with white dashes and the bumper ties and binding are a solid navy twill. All ties need to be secured to the outside of the crib. Polyester fiber filled.
Our four-piece perfect fit bumper features an appliqued striped dinosaur in the center surrounded by embroidered leaves.
The side panels are a gray cotton fabric with white dashes and the bumper ties and binding are a solid navy twill.
Designed to fit a standard size baby crib measuring 52" x 28". All ties need to be secured to the outside of the crib.
Machine washable padded cushion protector to keep baby safe from bumps and bruises.


Calling all youth! Calling all youth! Yes, if you are Middle School and or High School, This message is for you! After much prayer, meditation, and time of reflection and planning, we are just thrilled to announce that starting November 8th The Life's Youth Ministry will convene for Youth Church. This is the time for us to meet you right where you are and show how much God loves you. Yes, Jesus desires a more personal relationship with you through the Word of God.
Parents I strongly urge you to encourage your youth to come out to the youth events that planned for them. I know you may not be able to attend all, but please do not miss out on all. We are living in the times the Apostle Paul speaks about in 2 Timothy 4: 3-4 and it is with the utmost urgency that we begin the process of fueling our young people with the Word of God in an environment conducive for them.
We will then have break out session Middle School with their peers and High School with theirs.
We will then reconvene for a roundup followed by final comments from Pastors Charles and Pam.


text:
The King and the Bear
1818 W Cobblestone Lane St Augustine, FL 32092
Listing provided courtesy of Berkshire Hathaway Homeservices Florida Network Realty
1818 W COBBLESTONE LN ST AUGUSTINE, FL 32092
5201 COMFORT CT ST AUGUSTINE, FL 32092
$2,800 Active
Listing provided courtesy of FLORIDA NETWORK PROPERTY MANAGEMENT
0 SLUDER ESTATE LN ST AUGUSTINE, FL 32092
Listing provided courtesy of RE/MAX CONNECTS
1555 Barrington Cir St Augustine, FL 32092
Listing provided courtesy of Zillow Homes, Inc
Listing provided courtesy of ZILLOW HOMES, INC.
174 Laterra Links Circle Unit 101 St Augustine, FL 32092
Listing provided courtesy of Davidson Realty, Inc
174 LATERRA LINKS CIR Unit #101 ST AUGUSTINE, FL 32092
Listing provided courtesy of DAVIDSON REALTY, INC.
$469,000 Contingent Take Backup
Listing provided courtesy of COLDWELL BANKER PREMIER PROPERTIES
The information displayed on this website comes in part from the IDX Program of the Florida Association of Realtors provided through the Florida Living Network. Real estate listings held by brokerage firms other than are marked with the Broker Reciprocity thumbnail logo or the logo of the Florida Living IDX. Copyright , FAR. All rights reserved. FAR and do not make any warranty or representation concerning the timeliness or accuracy of the information displayed herein. In consideration for the receipt of the information on this page, the recipient agrees to use the information solely for the private non-commercial purpose of identifying a property in which the recipient has a good faith interest in acquiring.
© Northeast Florida Multiple Listing Service, Inc. All rights reserved. Data last updated: . Some properties that appear for sale on this web site may subsequently have been sold and may no longer be available.
The data relating to real estate for sale on this web site comes in part from the Internet Data Exchange (IDX) program of the Northeast Florida Multiple Listing Service, Inc. Real estate listings held by brokerage firms other than are marked with the listing broker's name and detailed information about such listings includes the name of the listing brokers. Data provided is deemed reliable but is not guaranteed. IDX information is provided exclusively for consumers' personal, non-commercial use that it may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing.


text:
Arab-American War Profiteers Benefit from US Occupation of Iraq
by Qasim Lutfi / December 1st, 2010
The American Arab Chamber of Commerce (AACC) recently hosted an event to discuss "investment opportunities" with the Iraqi government. That is, the sectarian, illegitimate, puppet Iraqi government that was installed in the wake of the illegal US invasion of Iraq.
While the massacre of Iraq and destruction of its ancient civilization should be cause for humanitarian alarm and antiwar activism, Iraq is simply another business opportunity for these vultures. At the time humanity sees in Iraq a horrifying number of widows, orphans, maimed, displaced, birth deformities as a result of depleted uranium and white phosphorus, AACC and its ilk somehow manage to overlook the carnage to focus on how to make a buck.
While Field Arabs like Muntadhar Zaidi and Ahlam Mohsen throw shoes and pies at their oppressors, House Arabs exploit the colonizer-colonized relationship by siding with the colonizer. Though racist, the empire isn't purely white. It has Arab ambassadors, and the AACC is one such example.
The AACC represents the Arab-American community's capitalist arm with all the immorality and opportunism that go with such a designation. It is no surprise that US-based House Arabs would collaborate with Iraq-based House Arabs like the Iraqi government and its National Investment Commission Chairman Sami Al-Araji, who delivered a speech at the AACC event. Al-Araji's background is rich with examples of cynically taking advantage of war-torn Iraq for immediate personal gain disguised as "reconstruction." At one business meeting in 2009, Al-Araji encouraged the US, which has been pounding Iraq for decades, to invest in Iraq, ignoring the US's history of sanctioning Iraq for 13 years and murdering and torturing Iraqis en masse.
"I say to the US, there are countries that are competing with you," Dr. Sami replies. "India and China could come in and get many of the opportunities. You might find yourself waiting for a long time."
He has excitedly described the establishment of a clothing store in Mosul that is owned by a West Point graduate:
It will be a great deal," Al-Araji said. "For the first time, our product produced in our country will be in American stores. … And if Iraq succeeds in this, it means Iraq will be able to capture a percentage of the American market for our products.
Al-Araji has no qualms with dismissing the ongoing suffering of the Iraqi people: "Now that we put the military page behind us, I think the most important page that we should cooperate on is the economic page. Hopefully that we can get American businessmen to enter into Iraq in the different economic sectors, oil and gas industry, agriculture, tourism."
To accomplish "new free-market economy in Iraq," Al-Araji expresses utter disregard for the plight of millions of Iraqis who are still displaced and thousands who are still grieving by simply asserting, "Life is moving on."
Hundreds and thousands of Iraqis continue to die, disappear, and leave their homes as the violence continues, but apparently Al-Araji thinks the "military page is behind us" because the mainstream media does not cover the ongoing tragedy. Yet the level of ongoing violence the Iraqis continue to endure would warrant 24 hour news coverage had it been taking place in any Western country. This is not the first example of House Arabs adopting the sensibilities and underlying racism of a white supremacist culture.
Business opportunities like this are meant to contain the fury of an occupied, besieged population against the occupation, as the occupiers themselves admit:
"If people are out of work, and you've got a population that's disenfranchised and not part of the process, they're going to become part of the problem," says Col. Steve Boylan, a spokesman for Gen. David Petraeus, the top U.S. military leader in Iraq."
It is only appropriate for the AACC to work with its counterparts in Iraq. Its website makes no secret of its sponsorship by the CIA, the FBI and the US Army.
Incidentally, Yahya Basha is on the boards of both AACC and the Arab American Institute. One doubts we'll be hearing James Zogby's denunciation of AACC's "investment" in Iraq anytime soon. On the contrary, we expect Zogby to welcome the efforts, and describe them as Arab-American political empowerment.
It's disgusting enough when Halliburton and Chevron exploit Iraq's tragedies. It's particularly abhorrent when Arab-Americans, who should know better by virtue of supposedly knowing the area's language, history and culture, collaborate against their brethren. It is regrettable that instead of assuming the leadership of the antiwar movement and doing everything possible to cease the criminal occupation of Iraq, the AACC's House Arabs attempt to bestow legitimacy on the US empire by giving it an Arab face.
This is not only a betrayal of the homeland they left behind, but a betrayal of other Americans who bravely opposed the invasion of Iraq, and reject the imperialist warmongering that takes place in their name.
Qasim Lutfi is co-editor of ikhras.com, a blog dedicated to exposing House Arabs and House Muslims, terms inspired by Malcolm X's use of "House Negro." He can be reached at: contact@ikhras.com. Read other articles by Qasim, or visit Qasim's website.
This article was posted on Wednesday, December 1st, 2010 at 7:00am and is filed under Corruption, Imperialism, Iraq, War Crimes.
6 comments on this article so far ...
bozh said on December 1st, 2010 at 12:20pm #
yes, i made the point that iraq is also an evil empire; i.e., ruled by supremacists just like u.s, israel and many other lands. o ICH, i usually got many minuses for that. this piece supports my conclusion.
i don't blame mass of iraqis. their 'nobles' appear as wicked as any others'. tnx
mary said on December 1st, 2010 at 12:34pm #
An excellent article that informs us. Shame on these Arab Americans for betraying their brothers and sisters.
Iraq is NOT an evil empire. What Mr Lutfi outlines is the 'legacy' of the evil empires (predominantly the US and the UK) that invaded, killed, maimed, pillaged and carried out all the crimes too numerous and too horrible to mention. The birth deformities in Fallujah are some of the most shocking.
commoner3 said on December 1st, 2010 at 7:17pm #
bozh wrote:
"yes, i made the point that iraq is also an evil empire;"
bozh,
Iraq is NOT an evil empire. Iraq is a small occupied and helpless country!.
What are you smoking? Please change your supplier!
shabnam said on December 1st, 2010 at 10:12pm #
This is an excellent post that exposes 'Arab-American' traitors who are in the service of US imperialism and Zionism to enrich themselves. I recommend this post to be read by everyone.
His website, IKHRAS, is about the Arab ENABLERS who are living in the West but feed on Iraq's resources along with the war criminals. One such a person is James Zogby who has been exposed by others including Angry Arab many times in the past. Zogby has receives thousand of $$$$$$$$ from the Saudis and has close relations with AIPAC personalities such as Martin Indyk, but he tries to sell himself as supporter of Palestinians and Arabs where 'Angry Arab' told him you have no right to talk on behalf of Arabs in America, but you can fool yourself as much as you want.
Another person who has been attacked by many including Mr. Qasim Lutfi is Hussain Ibish, an imperialist and Zionist enabler who promotes people like Hamid Dabashi and his wife Golbarg Bashi, stooges, from the 'Green wave'.
{http://uprootedpalestinians.wordpress.com/2009/09/15/yousef-abudayyeh-%E2%80%93-ibishs-new-task-defending-the-zionists-right-to-palestine%E2%80%A6-and-hes-itching-for-a-fight-but-no-one-is-taking-him-up-on-it/}
There are thousands of "Iranian-American" in the service of the US imperialism and Zionism who MUST BE EXPOSED REGULARLY, in my opinion, because I strongly believe that the war criminals cannot carry out commit crimes against humanity without the help of these traitors.
I am very glad to see a website that exposes Arab head of states, like Saudis. Unfortunately, the Arab media is controlled by Saudis $$$$$$ where many journalists are hired by the Saudis to write lies in the interest of the saudi elite to protect their interest. Al Arabiya, even Aljazeera are considered ZIONIST PLATFORM.
Many journalists, who are writing about Arabs and Muslims, do not expose Saudis ruling elite which is unfortunate. Saudi Arabia and other Arab head of states must be condemned for their roles as enablers and puppet of US and Israel against the interest of all in the region. They are complicit in Israeli and American crimes against Palestinians, Iraqis, Yemenis and other targeted Muslim countries. They are hated throughout the region by the people regardless of their ethnic or religious divide. I want Muslims boycott Mecca as long as the Saudi elite is in power.
Mr. Qasim Lutfi: thank you again, I hope other Arabs follow your footprint to expose the 'moderate Arab head of States' as puppets and enablers on a daily basis. Unfortunately, many Arab-Americans have limited themselves to one thing, Palestine, and leave the 'moderate Arab head of states' off the hook.
mary said on December 2nd, 2010 at 1:53am #
EGYPT; A FARCE OF AN ELECTION
The American-funded and American-backed tyranny in Egypt is very much reminiscent to US backing of the Shah's regime in Iran prior to the Islamic revolution in 1978. The US gave the Shah all sorts of state-of-the-art weapons, hoping to maintain and perpetuate his grip on power. The notorious Savak was given a free rein to kill, torture, and rape Iranians while the regime made sure to suppress every gesture of public dissent
U.S is responsible for Egypt 's election joke
By Khalid Amayreh
(desertpeace.wordpress.com/2010/12/01/egypt-a-farce-of-an-election/ )
shabnam said on December 2nd, 2010 at 6:52am #
Khalid Amayreh has written another article "Iran is not the Arabs' enemey,
Israel is" which says:
{There is little doubt that American and Zionist circles stand behind the anti-Iran propaganda campaign now permeating through several Arab capitals. In recent years, Zionist circles have made laborious efforts to convince Arab states and Arab people that their real enemy is not Israel, which occupies Palestine, torments Palestinians on a daily basis, and seeks the destruction of the Aqsa Mosque, but Iran which is making some efforts to check Israeli regional hegemony and aggression.}
{http://mwcnews.net/focus/analysis/6702-arabs-enemy.html}
Iranian independent stance is very popular among Arab population at large where THIS POPULARITY was targeted by Erdogan, US agent, to capture Arab's hearts and minds and direct it according to Turkey's interest. Everyone knows that Erdogan's rhetoric has gone nowhere because it needs scarifies that Turkey is unable to make.
Turkey even voted for the entry of Israel into OECD in November 21, 2010, after GAZAN GENOCITE AND AN ATTACK ON Flotilla in the international water BY ISRAEL, against Prime Minister Salam Fayyad, US/Israel puppet, who was trying to block Israel's entry. Turkey has always been a close ally of both US imperialism and Israel.
{http://www.alternativenews.org/english/index.php/topics/economy-of-the-occupation/3024-israel-ratifies-entry-into-oecd-}
Iranian leaders have been supporters of the Palestinians' right since they were teenagers out of convictions not political gain where were imprisoned by the Shah for their political activities against US imperialism and Zionism.


text:
Q: Error: Function expected Internet Explorer I have a code that doesn't only work in IE. everything works fine on other browsers, the error that occurs in IE is this
Line: 11
Error: Function expected

this is the fiddle, you can copy paste it as you wish, I really don't know what do. I have no idea why it doesn't work at all
http://jsfiddle.net/laupkram/TDWd6/
Code:
<form name="formx">
   <input type="text" name="txtMultiplier">
   <input type="button" value="LOOP!" onClick="loop()">
</form>

A: I'm pretty sure the problem is document.write. Internet Explorer doesn't preserve the JavaScript from the document when you destroy it (by implicitly calling document.open by calling document.write after the DOM is ready), and the functions you call in the loop no longer exist.
Use createElement / createTextNode / appendChild and friends instead of document.write.

A: Not sure why, but loop seams to be like some magic name. According to this demo, loop is not a function when clicked. It is a property of <input type="button"/> element which calls a loop function. In onclick this points to an element itself and loop is a property of it equal to 1. That is why it fails with error. Possible fix: change onclick="loop()" to onclick="window.loop()"
For instance, here it starts working in IE, but document.write destroy all previouse DOM/JS and it stops execution after first document.write execution.
It will be better if you will use something like on demo below (results are stored in temporary variable which is next passed to innerHTML of res div):
http://jsfiddle.net/TDWd6/5/
function loop1(){
    var mynumbers = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10];
    var num = parseInt(document.formx.txtMultiplier.value);
    var res = "Simulating For Loop
";
    for(var i = 0; i < mynumbers.length; i++){
        var prod = num * mynumbers[i];
        res += mynumbers[i].toString() + " x " + num.toString() + "=" +  (prod).toString() + "
";
    }

    res += "
";

    res += "Simulating Do While
";
    var i = 0;
    do{
       var prod = num * mynumbers[i];
       res += mynumbers[i].toString() + " x " + num.toString() + "=" +  (prod).toString() + "
";
       i++;
    }while(i < mynumbers.length);

    res += "
";

    res += "Simulating While
";
    var i = 0;
    while(i < mynumbers.length){
       var prod = num * mynumbers[i];
       res += mynumbers[i].toString() + " x " + num.toString() + "=" +  (prod).toString() + "
";
       i++;
    }
    document.getElementById("res").innerHTML = res;
}

Also, for some reason, even this code does not work in IE when function name is loop (in code and demo above it is called loop1). See demo with code like above, but with function called loop: http://jsfiddle.net/TDWd6/5/

A: This works in ie9 on my local. But fails on jsfiddle for some reason. Gotta love IE.
<form name="formx">
   <input type="text" name="txtMultiplier">
   <input type="button" id="test" value="LOOP!" >
</form>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


On the 22nd of August and after several days of rain, 12 GPG members enjoyed clearing skies to participate in our evening Espresso/Coffee/Tea gathering at Robusta Café in downtown Guelph.
As usual, there were many lively discussions about anything and everything that is photography. Robusta's staff had a nice spot reserved for us and judging by the many good conversation, espresso/coffee/tea/ and treats, everyone had a good time.


text:
Mobility and Modernity Reconsidered
SUSTAINING THIS PLACE
Impact premiered at the Austin Indie Fest film festival on November 22, 2020, winning the Audience Choice Award! Look for more updates about the film in this space.
Like a fleeting image from a recurring dream, barefoot running weaves its way through the modern American consciousness.
It arose in the 1950s, when Australian Herb Elliott twice appeared on the cover of Sports Illustrated running shoeless. Then, in 1960 Ethiopian Abebe Bikila stunned the world when he won the Rome Olympic marathon without shoes.
At the 1984 Olympics, Great Britain's barefooted Zola Budd collided with the darling of American women's distance running, Mary Decker, costing Decker a near-certain medal. And in 2009 Christopher McDougall's book Born to Run argued that traditional running shoes are a scam—and that it is in the human genome to run unshod.
With that latest incarnation, is barefoot running here to stay or will it fade, as happened repeatedly over the last 60 years? Can just anyone run without cushioning, support, and control–the hallmarks of the "traditional" running shoes introduced in the '70s–or is it only for the Bikilas and Budds of the world? Is it safe? Can it prevent injuries...or does it cause them? What insights does science bring to bear on shod and unshod running? And what does barefoot and minimalist running say about the way we live our lives, our relationship with our bodies, and our connections to nature?
IMPACT: Mobility and Modernity Reconsidered explores the science, skill, and controversy surrounding barefoot and "minimalist" running, the latter relying on thin, flexible shoes.
Scroll down for glimpses of the film and related content–these updates run from most recent to oldest.
IMPACT: Glimpse 3
In this third quick peek at some of the content from IMPACT, we encounter a controversial assertion: that modern life has strayed dangerously from the ways our bodies evolved to live. That notion is directly tied to criticisms of running shoes leveled by some of the foremost running scientists, coaches, and podiatrists. They argue that from the ways we eat to what we put on our feet, modernity is rife with health- and lifestyle-related pitfalls.
WORLD RECORD ATTEMPT BY
IMPACT BAREFOOT RUNNER
At 5 a.m. on August 13, 2017, elite runner Teage O'Connor set off on an quixotic quest: to establish a new world record for the fastest 100 kilometers ever run barefooted. Teage is a central character in IMPACT (scroll down to view a video profile of him) who frequently trains barefooted and who has set numerous personal bests without shoes. In May, he took third place in the challenging Vermont City Marathon and immediately afterwards set his sights on the most daunting challenge of his running career: racing around a 400-meter track 250 times, averaging less than 7 minutes per mile for the 62.14 mile equivalent 100 kilometers, in the hope of smashing the old mark and making his way into the record books.
This four-minute film of Teage's attempt begins in the quiet darkness of the University of Vermont's track, follows Teage through the drudgery and pain as the hours wore on, and finishes....Well, you'll have to see for yourself whether he completed the distance and established a new record!
Claire Watts-Webster, featured in this second glimpse of IMPACT, began running in ballet slippers as a radical experiment, hoping to avoid the foot pain she encountered whenever she ran in traditional shoes. Claire went on to complete a 50-mile ultra-marathon shod only in those ballet shoes, yet she was disappointed because that experience, as she says in this glimpse, "didn't go to my limit." Today, she regularly runs trails barefooted—or "shod" in wool socks during the winter—and coaches beginning women runners eager for a means of self-exploration and self-empowerment.
A FIRST GLIMPSE AT IMPACT
The film's central characters include Vermonter Teage O'Connor, introduced in this brief first look at IMPACT. O'Connor is a cerebral runner, one of the fastest without shoes at distances from 5,000 meters-up in U.S. history. In this three-minute clip, he explains how running—whether shod or not—shapes his entire worldview.
© 2021 by Gruppo Zero Productions.


An overnight escape to the Novotel in our very own city of Brisbane had us spending quality family time together. Finishing the weekend with a lovely hot buffet breakfast, without having to cook, tops off a nice little 'stay-cation'.
There has been times where we've walked into an austere hotel lobby and apologised for over excited kids and shusshed them incessantly. Most appreciated is a quick and effortless check in by genuinely kind staff, who do not bat an eyelid as kids scampered around the shiny, spacious lobby.
Novotel Brisbane welcomes kids with open arms, even rewarding them with a gift at check-in.
Books at the Novotel Kids Corner. The Joy character toy was her free Novotel Gift.
Here's where Novotel Brisbane take's it up a notch, there's a dedicated Kids Corner to entertain the kids.
With stuffed animals to ride, chalk boards to decorate, games, books and a TV corner to keep even the most excited kids at bay.
If arriving by car, check in by parking temporarily at the front of the hotel.
Once room keys are received, rather than hopping back in the car for a drive around the block to the car park.
Kids can head straight up to check out the room with one of the parents, whilst another parks the car and grabs the luggage. The car park has direct access to the hotel room, provided there is a room key to access restricted floors in the lift.
There is nothing better than bunkering down with mum and dad when you are aged 3 and 5.
"It's SO awesome!" proclaimed the kids. We may not have been as ecstatic about the sleeping arrangements, but know to cherish these moments. Sharing a hotel room provides more opportunities to connect and be silly together.
The Standard Room features two double beds and comfortably accommodates 2 adults and 2 children.
Families often have to fork out extra for a standard room when travelling with kids. At Novotel two children up to the age of 16, stay for free.
For families that need that little more space a second room for children can be booked at 50% of the best unrestricted rate.
There are limited connecting rooms so be sure to request one at booking. It's a great idea, as our 3 and 5 year old do not sleep simpatico on a double bed. An extra room means kids have their own beds and parents get to enjoy a movie together, rather than going to bed when the kids do.
The rooms are modern, clean, bright and offers all the conveniences needed for a enjoyable family stay. There is a mini bar and fridge for milk and formula, flat screen TV, charging docks, Foxtel with complimentary channels such as Nickelodeon and Foxtel Sports.
Novotel also offers baby equipment including cot, bottle warmer and changing tables.
In room internet access is available and Le Club AccorHotel members enjoy complimentary internet.
The chaise lounge overlooking the city was a nice spot for lounging out and the desk provided another spot for colouring in.
The bathroom is bright, clean and spacious and has the all important bath tub, always welcomed when bathing infants and toddlers. A retractable clothes line is another nice touch for hanging out wet swim gear or hand washed kids clothes.
Novotel Hotels and Resorts across Australia have partnered with Disney this school holidays to celebrate the family film Inside Out.
Great prizes are on offer for families who stay with Novotel from now until 19th July. Have the chance to score one of 800 prizes values at $40,000 thanks to Disney and Novotel.
Guests need to find a character toy from the film (based around Inside Out's emotions – Joy, Anger, Disgust, Fear and Sadness) hiding in their room to instantly win.
Prizes include hotel gift cards, restaurant vouchers, Inside Out showbags and family movie passes. Winners also get to take home their Inside Out character toy at the end of their Novotel stay.
Although my 3 year old did not fully grasp the concept of voices inside your head. The beautiful animation and witty characters held her attention span for the duration of the movie.
My 5 year on the other hand was perfectly suited, easily understanding the clever story of 11 year old Riley's journey out of childhood and handling her emotions.
It's a heartfelt movie, one that has a deeper story line for parents. Be prepared to blink back tears.
The Disney short, Lava is just as beautiful, a musical love story of two volcanos which spans a million years.
Inside Out is in cinemas now, the Event Cinemas in the Myer Centre is a 15 minute walk with kids.
From the hotel entrance, cars need to exit the downhill ramp back onto Creek Street. Then go around the block to Cousins Lane for the car park entrance. Go Left on Wharf St, Left on Astor Terrace and final Left onto Cousins Lane.
Car parking at the Novotel with unlimited entries costs $35 per night Monday – Thursday and $25 per night Friday – Sunday. Car park ticket requires validation for this discounted rate. The car park has direct lift access from the car park to the hotel.
Alternatively, the Novotel car park shares the same car park with Secure Parking and you can book a discounted weekend rate of $15 per day or cheaper if you book by Secure a Spot. Check out Secure Parking rates here.
This rate is per entry and not per day and does not allow multiple entries and there is lift access to the hotel.
There are a bank of Mac's with complimentary internet access and a shared printer, located adjacent to the bar, in the lobby. Handy when printing out maps and last minute vouchers.
Pack the running gear as there is a on-site gym with the latest equipment.
An impressive buffet breakfast is served at The Restaurant, best of all kids under the age of 16 dine for free.
All the favourite hot and continental options are available including bacon, sausages and eggs, which can be cooked to order.
There is a variety of fresh fruit, juices and cereals as well as coffee and tea. Breaky favourites include: waffles which were a hit with the kids, tasty mushrooms and tomatoes and a light fried rice.
The Restaurant also serves dinner and offer a balanced and nutritious menu for children.
Hot breakfast, no cooking, kids sitting still. Life is good.
Perhaps the most popular feature is the pool. It's situated on the lower levels of the hotel, the side of the hotel building keeps it in the shade until Midday, making it a bit brisk, especially in the middle of Brisbane's winter.
These kids can't resist the pool, even on a winter's day.
Winter is arbitrary for the kids and doesn't stop them from getting in, it was one of the highlights of their stay, the cold just made it more of an adventure.
The pool would be a perfect place for an afternoon dip on a balmy summer afternoon.
Located towards Spring Hill of Brisbane CBD in a quieter position amongst churches and cathedrals. The elevated position provides views over St Andrew's Lutheran Church, All Saints and Cathedral Square.
There aren't many restaurants and shops near Novotel Brisbane, however, the CBD is within easy reach with kids.
It's a short 15 minute walk to Brisbane's Queen Street Mall. A pram is recommended for little ones as there is slightly longer walk back up the hill.
Though South bank is a little too far to walk with little ones in tow (25-30 minutes one way), its only a few minutes drive or a quick train ride from nearby Central Station to South bank.
Explore the arts and cultural precinct including the Gallery of Modern Art (GOMA), Queensland Museum, State Library of Queensland and South bank's Street's Beach.
One of the major benefits of staying at Novotel is a 5pm checkout on Sunday, allowing families to enjoy a full weekend of activities at their destination rather than having to check out in the morning. Late checkout on Sundays is subject to availability. Please ask at reception upon arrival.
Combined with the Novotel Family promises including: kids stay free, 50% off additional room and free breakfasts for kids under the age of 16, makes a hotel stay-cation good value for money.
Novotel Brisbane room rates (per room per night) start from $219 during the school holiday period. Book now.
Families become distracted by a busy schedule of sports activities, playdates and stresses at work. A family weekend allowed us to rejuvenate and reconnect without travelling too far from home.
We were guests of Novotel Brisbane, however all opinions are my own.


Se barrer Barrer in passive voice Barrer in female form Ne pas barrer Barrer ?
Barrer belong to the 1st group.	Barrer is a common french verb.
Barrer is conjugated with auxiliary avoir.
Barrer verb is direct transitive, intransitive.
Barrer verb is a direct transitive verb, so passive voice can be used.
Barrer is a french first group verb. So it follow the regular conjugation pattern of the first group like: aimer. Follow this link to see all the endings of the conjugation of the first group verbs : conjugation rules and endings for the first group verbs.
Barrer is conjugated the same way that verbs that end in : -er. First group verbs always end with -er as their infinitive. Endings of first group verbs are regular.


This book includes phrases for every situation, including expressions for describing art that make one sound smart and cool. Use sweet words to entice a local beauty into a walk along the Seine, and less-then-philosophical rebuffs for those overly zealous, espresso-fuelled cafe 'poets'. There are enough insults and swear words to offend every person in France without even speaking to them in English, which they really dislike.Nobody speaks in strictly formal address anymore. Not even in France, where the common expressions tossed around in cafes are far from text book French. This all-new, totally-up-to-date book fills in the gap between how people really talk in France and what French language students are taught.
Adrien Clautrier is a self-employed mechanic born and raised in Marseille, France. Henry Rowe left Berkeley to play soccer in France. He never made it out of the amateur ranks, but stayed for the used bookstores and St- milion wine cellars.