In October 2018 Shafan finished repaying the small-business loan he received in November 2017. The purpose of the loan was to expand his small retail store into a wholesale store that would supply other shops in the area. Shafan and his family have benefitted in a number of ways from the loan.
Before expanding his shop, Shafan averaged net income around 30,000 TZS (US $14) per month from the shop. Now, the shop averages 100,000 TZS (US $45) per month.
This extra income was more than enough to cover Shafan's loan repayments. The first thing he did with the additional income was pay for a direct water connection to his home. The connection ensures his family has safe water for drinking, cooking, and cleaning and reduces the time they have to spend fetching water.
Shafan also invested in a small tree farming project. He purchased 1.5 acres of land planted 800 eucalyptus trees. He expects to harvest the trees by 2021 and to earn over 2,000,000 TZS (US $909) from the project.
Shafan says the Julius Nyerere, the founding father of Tanzania, is his biggest inspiration. Nyerere promoted the belief that "alleviating poverty, sickness, and ignorance" would be the keys to Tanzania's development. Shafan believes this is true for his children. "I must do it!" he says.
Currently, Shafan's family is working on an application for a home construction loan. They want to build a permanent home that will be safe and comfortable before their children begin their education.


With its prime location in Incline Village, *North Lake Lodges* makes the perfect vacation-destination for the avid outdoors-man. While North Lake Lodges does not offer any on-site amenities, many guests choose to use the nearby Incline Village Recreation Center. The 37,000 square foot, first-class complex offers a complete selection of programs and equipment for you and your family to enjoy.
Pleasant accommodations with all the comforts of home! Floating week! Buyer may receive a title fee credit, inquire for details!
Great resort option for outdoor lovers! Floating week of your choice! Buyer may receive a title fee credit, inquire for details!


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Nick's baseball stats have been updated for the win @ Sterling.
Nick has been added to the Collingswood baseball roster.
RESULTLoss Boys varsity soccer vs. Haddonfield.
The Collingswood varsity soccer team lost Monday's neutral playoff game against rival school Haddonfield (NJ) by a score of 3-0.
This game is part of the "2018 New Jersey High School Boys Soccer Playoff Brackets: NJSIAA - Group 2" tournament.
RESULTWin Boys varsity soccer vs. Woodstown.
The Collingswood varsity soccer team won Friday's home non-conference game against Woodstown (NJ) by a score of 3-2.
RESULTWin Boys varsity soccer vs. Palmyra.
The Collingswood varsity soccer team won Wednesday's home non-conference game against Palmyra (NJ) by a score of 2-1.
Boys varsity soccer @ Haddon Heights.
Boys varsity soccer vs. Lindenwold.
Boys varsity soccer vs. West Deptford.
Boys varsity soccer @ Audubon.


text:
Dummies not to blame for common speech disorder in kids
How Australia can change democracy
University of Sydney names 20 SOAR fellows
Home / News & opinion / News / October / University of Sydney names 20 SOAR fellows
2020: all news
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University of Sydney names 20 SOAR Fellows for 2019
Driving research excellence
Twenty University of Sydney academics have been named 2019 SOAR Fellows and will receive $100,000 over the next two years to take their research careers to the next level.
SOAR Fellows are flying high
Sydney Research Accelerator (SOAR) Fellows also receive support for their research and development plans, and benefit from a personalised program of structured mentoring.
The 2019 SOAR Fellows are pursuing research that includes:
the psychology of gambling to development and evaluate harm-minimisation strategies
how 'Western' diets affect cognition by exploring human population data and the gut microbiome, metabolic profiles and brain structures of mice fed on these diets
tools to measure nerve damage in chemotherapy-treated patients
wearable neural-interface for monitoring chronic brain activity and predicting epileptic seizures
partnering with Indigenous researchers and community organisations to document and conserve Indigenous languages of mainland Asia, develop leadership and communication skills in the modern South Asian cultural context
developing new models and algorithms to make machine learning of complex dynamical systems more robust, accurate, and secure.
Part of our relentless focus to drive research excellence is a dedication to ensuring our exceptional researchers flourish.
Deputy Vice-Chancellor, Research, Professor Duncan Ivison, University of Sydney
Commenting on the 2019 SOAR Fellows, Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Research) Professor Duncan Ivison said: "Part of our relentless focus to drive research excellence is a dedication to ensuring our exceptional researchers flourish."
Dr Andrew Black, Director of Research Development and Collaboration, said: "I'm elated to back this cohort's exciting plans, and eager to see where this step will take their careers.
"A vital component of the SOAR fellowship is leadership training and development, which helps our best and most promising researchers fully realise their potential. We want to arm our up-and-coming research stars with the tools they'll need to deliver on their creativity, passion and ambition; to become international leaders in their fields."
2019 SOAR Fellows
Dr Sally Gainsbury
Dr Sally Gainsbury is Deputy Director of the Gambling Treatment and Research Clinic within the Brain and Mind Centre and School of Psychology. Her primary expertise is the psychology of gambling to develop and evaluate harm-minimisation strategies, and she's been investigating new technologies like blockchain and Internet gambling and gaming.
With the SOAR Fellowship, Dr Gainsbury plans to define and understand risk-taking behaviour and decision-making related to new technology and guide policy and strategies to promote healthy decision-making. She will set herself up to be recognised as an international research leader in online risk-taking and addictions – growing fields with strong social and economic impacts but which lack the research to inform theoretical conceptualisation, policy and practice.
Dr Tooran Alizadeh
Sydney School of Architecture, Design and Planning
Dr Tooran Alizadeh's research utilises cross-disciplinary knowledge and methodologies to gain new vital perspectives into the ever-growing complexities of cities in the age of advanced technological challenges and opportunities. She has investigated the socio-spatial implications of telecommunication infrastructure in Australia and beyond; and the extent to which smart city initiatives respond to the strategic challenges of each city and its citizens.
The SOAR Fellowship will provide the opportunity to up-scale and accelerate her current research in two main streams of 1) Understanding global trends of smart cities with a focus on India; and 2) Capturing local voices in smart cities in collaboration with local governments in Australia.
Dr Anna Boucher
Sydney School of Social and Political Sciences
As a global expert on immigration, Dr Anna Boucher is increasingly sought on her specialisation of economic migration and migration data. With the United Nations estimating that there are 258 million immigrants globally, knowledge of the complex nature of immigration policies and their outcomes is in demand.
As an applied researcher with links across government, industry and media, Dr Boucher and will use the fellowship to supervise more postgraduates and undertake a visiting fellowship at UCLA to extend her current research to include Californian immigration issues.
Dr Christina Adler
Sydney School of Dentistry
Dr Christina Adler is based at Westmead Hospital, leading a research program focused on understanding how the oral microbiome contributes to both oral and overall health. Her research is particularly focussing on the role of the oral microbiome in dental decay that affects half of Australian children under 12 years of age.
She plans to use the SOAR Fellowship to translate the findings from two NHMRC studies and use the oral microbiome data to develop new prevention methods for childhood dental decay.
Dr Susanna Park
Sydney School of Medicine
Dr Susanna Park's current research program is targeted to develop objective tools to measure nerve damage in chemotherapy-treated patients, identify sensitive markers to identify patients at risk of long-term nerve damage, and provide a platform for the development of clinical trials of neuroprotective strategies.
She plans to develop and implement non-invasive technologies to assess patient function in cancer survivors during the fellowship. She'll also host an inaugural Neurological Complications of Cancer workshop, to accelerate translation of research techniques into clinical trials.
Dr Milena Simic
Dr Milena Simic leads clinical and biomechanical research in the field of knee osteoarthritis and musculoskeletal health. Her research focuses on innovative strategies aimed at preventing the deterioration of joint health in people with knee osteoarthritis.
With the SOAR fellowship, she will create international guidelines for clinical gait analysis in musculoskeletal conditions. She'll also use video analysis and data to automate the detection of gait deviation using machine learning, and will conduct a trial to determine if optimising exercise therapy and reducing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use prevents joint deterioration.
Dr Joseph Lizier
Dr Joseph Lizier is researching complex systems, the interdisciplinary study of collective behaviour, self-organisation and emergence. He's currently focussed on providing new theory and software tools to enable measuring information processing in biological and bio-inspired systems.
He plans to use the fellowship to deepen his expertise and impact of his work in computational neuroscience, and to lead projects with international collaborators by consolidating ties with the Max Planck Institute.
Dr Omid Kavehei
School of Information Engineering
Dr Omid Kavehei has established research into epileptic seizure prediction and drug effectiveness. With the SOAR, he plans to develop a wearable neural-interface for monitoring chronic brain activity and predicting epileptic seizures.
This will lead to a patent for the device, which solves the research question of how to make a reliable ambulatory EEG recording for long-term non-invasive brain signal monitoring.
Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health
Dr Justin Wong is head of the Epigenetics and RNA Biology Program at the Centenary Institute. As a molecular biologist and epigeneticist, he has a strong focus on cancer research and is currently focussing on ribonucleic acid (RNA) splicing and RNA modification.
Funding from the SOAR Fellowship will facilitate critical work to determine the roles of RNA splicing and modification in diverse human cancers, and identify novel ways to target abnormalities in these processes to improve cancer therapeutics.
Dr Mark Post
Department of Linguistics
Dr Mark Post is a linguist specialising in the documentation, analysis and conservation of Asia's Indigenous languages, and one of the few linguists conducting field research in the linguistically-rich and little-studied Eastern Himalayan region.
The SOAR Fellowship will enable Dr Post to advance and expand his current projects partnering with Indigenous researchers and community organisations to document and conserve Indigenous languages of mainland Asia, develop leadership and communication skills in the modern South Asian cultural context, and complete a three-volume book.
Associate Professor Manuela Ferreira
Surgery for musculoskeletal conditions is among the fastest growing procedures across the world, however, more surgery does not necessarily mean more recovered patients. Associate Professor Manuela Ferreira designed and currently leads the world's first placebo-controlled randomised trial of surgery for spinal stenosis, an NHMRC-funded project.
With the SOAR, she plans to develop the Placebo Surgery Research Network at the Kolling Institute, as well as continue producing high quality scientific evidence in the field of musculoskeletal surgery.
Associate Professor Dimitria Groutsis
University of Sydney Business School
In spite of almost five decades of Australia's multicultural policy and a country which boasts one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse populations, this is not reflected in the executive teams and boards of Australian public, private and not-for-profit organisations, with the vast majority of board and senior leadership positions held by Anglo-Celtic men.
Associate Professor Dimitria Groutsis' research focusses on migration, labour mobility, and cultural diversity in business. The SOAR will allow her to scale up her recent research activities, extend her interdisciplinary collaborations with the Sydney Policy Lab, and build on her ground-breaking work with the Diversity Council Australia, the Australian Human Rights Commission and the Australian Institute of Company Directors.
Associate Professor Joanne Arciuli
Associate Professor Joanne Arciuli's research program focusses on child development and disability with regard to speech, language and literacy. She aims to improve child outcomes by elucidating the atypical developmental trajectories that underpin communication impairment and their causes, and translating these insights into cutting-edge interventions.
In the next two years, Associate Professor Arciuli plans to leverage recent collaborations to advance science and improve the lives of children with developmental disabilities, and accelerate engagement with community leaders and their disability organisations.
Associate Professor Monika Bednarek
Associate Professor Monika Bednarek is internationally recognised for her research on language use in the mass media and for her contributions to computer-based linguistic analysis.
She plans to use the SOAR funding to set up a new virtual lab and develop new research projects. She'll investigate the representation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians in health news, examine discourses of disability, and establish a new Sydney Corpus Lab, a virtual platform for connecting computer-based linguists across the university and promote the method in other disciplines.
Dr Oscar Pizarro
School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering
Dr Oscar Pizarro's research has focused on improving our capabilities for environmental monitoring using robotics and related disciplines such as computer vision and machine learning.
Through the SOAR, Dr Pizarro will establish and cultivate collaborative relationships with the University of Porto and the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, among others, focused on using low-cost, scalable autonomous systems for seafloor characterisation and monitoring.
Associate Professor Joachim Gudmundsson
School of Information Technologies
Associate Professor Joachim Gudmundsson's research focusses on developing effective algorithms and data structures for geometric data, particularly to support movement analysis in the fields of ecology, animal-behaviour research, sports, defence, GIS and transport.
Associate Professor Gudmundsson leads the newly established Sydney Algorithms and Computation Theory (SACT) group, a talented and innovative team possessing real potential to become a world-leading research group. He will be looking to further strengthen SACT by establishing strong industry collaboration and securing ongoing diverse funding.
Associate Professor Ian Manchester
Associate Professor Ian Manchester is the Associate Director (Research) at the Centre for Robotics and Intelligent Systems, working on machine learning and robot control systems.
During his SOAR fellowship, he will develop new models and algorithms that make machine learning of complex dynamical systems more robust, accurate, and secure. This will enable the next generation of robot control systems that can learn from experience while guaranteeing safety, a critical element in many applications, such as surgical robots that can learn from human surgeons. His research will also contribute to cybersecurity by helping protect automated systems against deliberate "false data" attacks designed to cause damage.
Associate Professor Martijn Konings
Associate Professor Martijn Konings' research sits in the crossroads of political economy and social theory, focusing particularly on money and finance. He is currently looking into the home as a financial asset and the way it has become linked to major transformations in the logic of economic inequality and social stratification.
With the SOAR Fellowship he plans to lead a cross-disciplinary group of scholars to publish a series of co-authored papers, and a short, programmatic book on the asset economy. There will be interaction with similar groups at University partners Harvard, Toronto, UCL and Utrecht, as well as NYU and Chicago.
Associate Professor Greg Sutherland
Associate Professor Greg Sutherland works in the Discipline of Pathology and is interested in understanding the factors causing unhealthy brain ageing and cognitive decline.
Diets high in protein and fat can modify brain activity and this may be related to changes in the gut microbiome. In the next two years, together with colleagues at the Charles Perkins Centre, he will explore how 'Western' diets affect cognition by exploring both human population data and the gut microbiome, metabolic profiles and brain structures of mice fed on these diets.
Associate Professor Peter Kim
Associate Professor Peter Kim works in the field of mathematical biology, particularly relating to mathematical immunology and virus dynamics. He plans to help cultivate mathematical biology at Sydney, investing in people by developing into a more effective mentor.
Along with personal development through a course, he intends to work on projects focused on mathematically modelling the regulation and dynamics of T cells, and the affinity maturation and selection of effector and memory T cells.
Expand your research and career
Latest news from the University
Dan Gaffney
Media & PR Adviser (Medicine, Dentistry, Nursing and Pharmacy)
daniel.gaffney@sydney.edu.au
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Over $16m funding for new health and medical research
Sydney researchers were successful in securing over $16 million in NHMRC funding for 28 projects, including the most Early Career Fellowships awarded to any institution in NSW.
Early-career researchers excel in NHMRC fellowships
Researchers at the University of Sydney have received almost $23 million from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Sydney continues to move up in latest THE rankings
The University of Sydney has been ranked 59 in the world in the 2019 Times Higher Education (THE) World University rankings, jumping two places since last year's rank of 61.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Uganda: Museveni hails the African Union Commission for engaging the Private Sector in Mineral Resource Development Policies
By A A warsame	 On Oct 7, 2016
ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia, -The African Union Commission (AUC) and the Uganda Chamber of Mines and Petroleum which holds the Chair of the Association of Eastern African Chamber of Mines and Petroleum hosted from 5-6 October 2016, a high level Conference in Kampala, Uganda under the theme: "Attracting Exploration Investment to Uganda's Mineral Sector to realize its maximum value".The purpose of the Conference was to bring together the Directors of National Geological Surveys and the Captains of industry from the Eastern African Region with particular focus on developing a Public Private Partnership (PPP) framework for mobilizing exploration investments. The conference covered African countries and also brought together expertise from the African Union Commission, the Organization of African Geological Surveys (OAGS), the Mining Industries Association of Southern Africa (MIASA), the African Minerals and Geoscience Centre (AMGC), as well as experts from Australia and Brazil.
Addressing the Conference, the President H. E. Yoweri Kaguta Museveni mentioned that although the Government has established an Exploration Department within the Ministry of Energy and Minerals, the Private Sector was welcome to partner with the Government in the exploration. He emphasized that Uganda was only interested in value addition. He gave example of the iron ore deposits which have a quality content of up to 99% or steel and as such exporting it in raw would be exporting a lot of jobs. Ugandan President, who was attending the Conference as the Guest of Honour, also welcomed the Partnership Public Private in the Minerals Sector. He highlighted the importance of the Minerals Sector, which he said, contributes a lot to the growth of African economies. He hailed the African Union Commission for constantly engaging the Private Sector in its Mineral Resource Development Policies.
In his keynote speech on behalf of H.E. Mrs. Fatima Haram Acyl, the Commissioner for Trade and Industry, Mr. Frank Mugyenyi, Senior Industry Advisor for the Department of Trade and Industry of the AUC, observed that the Africa Mining Vision (AMV) which is a forward-looking African Union framework for mineral resource development, seeks to create a transparent, equitable, and optimal exploitation of mineral resources to underpin broad-based sustainable growth and social-economic development. He explained that the vision is motivated by the widely recognized need to unleash the broader value of the minerals sector beyond just mining and beyond just taxing and collecting rents to one that leads and contributes to the broader vision of industrialization and structural transformation of African economies. According to the Senior Industry Advisor, a global Strategy to optimally use Africa's resources that benefit all Africans is urgently needed for Africa. "Africa cannot afford to have it wrong this time around, there is no room for error and this can only be achieved through broadening partnerships and bringing the private sector on board in policy planning and implementation", he stressed.
He recalled all the mineral resources related decisions made by the AU Heads of State and Governments and highlighted the progress made by the Commission in implementing these decisions. Mr. Mugyenyi furthermore underscored the fact that Africa has a clear sight of where it is going and urged participants to re-focus on how to achieve the aspirations of the African people expressed in agenda 2063 and Common African Position on Agenda 2063. "This enquires collective and concerted efforts of everybody involved in the Minerals sector development. The private sector, the public sector, the academia, the media, the civil society and other non-state actors, women, youth and indeed everyone involved in the minerals resource development" he emphasized.
Distributed by APO on behalf of African Union Commission (AUC).
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SEMI® is the global industry association serving the manufacturing supply chain. Several of the industries that have adopted these standards include semiconductor, photovoltaic (PV), LED, flat panel display, and other electronic industries. Standards such as the GEM (Generic Model for Communication and Control of Manufacturing Equipment) standard and EDA (Equipment Data Aquisition) standard can be applied to any manufacturing equipment and devices in any industry.
Using these standards, factories can monitor, track, configure and control (in the case of GEM) their equipment remotely. Standards are developed by industry experts to ensure compatibility and inter-operability of manufacturing equipment with the goal of reducing the time and cost of developing new equipment, increasing equipment reliability, and reducing the time and cost of integrating the equipment into the factory.
Cimetrix industry experts have held many leadership positions in the SEMI Standards organization, and actively contributed to the creation and promotion of GEM, GEM300, EDA, PVEIC, and HB-LED communications standards to support evolving manufacturing needs. Cimetrix currently co-chairs the GEM300 and EDA task forces and the Information and Control Committee to which they report.
Cimetrix supports standards through our software, services, and support for GEM, GEM300, EDA (Interface A), and PV2 (PVECI) standards. Cimetrix actively collaborates with SEMI and other standardization consortia to enable Smart Manufacturing. We hold many positions on committees for continuous standards development and evolution. For more information about SEMI standards, visit SEMI Standards Program.
Introduction to the GEM Standard - Full GEM capabilities include control, monitoring and configuration of the equipment.
Introduction to GEM300 Standards - GEM300 builds on GEM with additional features, additional standardization as seen in semiconductor front-end wafer production.
GEM 300: 300mm standards to control and monitor the equipment in a consistent way to implement automation.
E30 SECS/GEM: define communication between automated equipment and the host's factory network enabling Smart Factory Manufacturing.


Yesterday the rand regained a tiny bit of traction following high volatility in the week before. Political uncertainty weighed heavily on investors` nerves as President Jacob Zuma surprised the market with yet another cabinet reshuffle and rumours surrounding Deputy President Cyril Ramaphosa`s future started to surface. Since the office of the president denied these rumours, markets have shifted their focus to the medium-term budget that will be tabled today. Today`s budget speech will be a first for newly appointed Finance Minister, Malusi Gigaba. "We expect a terrible budget — simply put, there are no more rabbits to pull out of the hat," Rand Merchant Bank analysts John Cairns and Isaah Mhlanga wrote in a note (source: Moneyweb). Investors will closely monitor the proceedings to find clues on how Malusi Gigaba plans to spur growth and cut spending, given the large tax collection shortfall. Ratings agencies will also be tuning in to see how National Treasury plans to deal with the struggling state-owned companies. In a brief overview, South Africa recently emerged from a technical recession, the second in less than a decade. The slow growth figures, coupled with a sharp decline in business confidence, has provided significant resistance for job creation, welfare and redistribution plans, and could make it nearly impossible for government to crack down on the budget gap. Slow GDP growth is hampering the state's ability to meet its revenue targets and the tax shortfall for the current fiscal year could be the largest in eight years, according to a Bloomberg survey. On the JSE, the Top40 traded up 0.24%. In fixed income markets, the benchmark yield dropped 1bps.


By now it has probably made the rounds that Ben Bernanke has joined the "blogosphere" by beginning to write his own blog at the Brookings Institute. After reading his first post there, we couldn't resist to comment. The article is entitled "Why are interest rates so low?". Perhaps not surprisingly, it turns out that it is essentially a long-winded apologia for the Fed's interventionist policies.
At one point Bernanke e.g. deems it necessary to once again defend himself against a complaint voiced by a legislator, namely that the FOMC has "thrown seniors under the bus" by cutting rates to zero. Bernanke is assuring us that "I was concerned about those seniors as well". It could be that seniors will be happy to hear it. However, the return they get on their savings remains zilch to this day, so we doubt it will be much of a consolation to them that Bernanke professes to have been concerned. He also tries to refute the fact that the Fed's interventions are distorting markets (i.e., he refuses to admit that it is blowing one bubble after another).
It is interesting that Bernanke is launching into a justification of Fed policies in his very first post already. Reading it, we felt reminded of one of his previous attempts to exonerate the Fed, when he argued that the housing bubble was the result of "too lax regulations", and had definitely nothing to do with the Fed's interest rate policies. Among other things, he neglected to mention in that particular speech that the housing bubble was actually concentrated in one of the most highly regulated sectors of the economy.
Ben Bernanke: honest injun, we're completely innocent! We only do good manipulations! The markets do the bad stuff all by themselves.
"Except in the short run, real interest rates are determined by a wide range of economic factors, including prospects for economic growth—not by the Fed.
It seems a bit unfortunate that economists are calling it the "equilibrium interest rate". What Wicksell described was the fact that there exists a time discount, a "natural" or "originary" interest rate, that is independent of the height of market interest rates. Wicksell's work has been incorporated and refined in the interest theories of later economists, inter alia in the work of Frank Fetter in the US and Ludwig von Mises in Austria (whom we quote at length below).
"[…A]cting man does not appraise time periods merely with regard to their dimension. His choices regarding the removal of future uneasiness are directed by the categories sooner and later. Time for man is not a homogeneous substance of which only length counts. It is not a more or a less in dimension. It is an irreversible flux the fractions of which appear in different perspective according to whether they are nearer to or remoter from the instant of valuation and decision. Satisfaction of a want in the nearer future is, other things being equal, preferred to that in the farther distant future. Present goods are more valuable than future goods.
What this in effect means is: The natural interest rate is at its root a non-monetary phenomenon. It describes the discount people apply to future goods (or goals/satisfactions) vs. present ones. These value judgments regarding future in comparison to present satisfaction (called time preference) differ from person to person, depending on individual circumstances. In the market they find expression in the time market for money, i.e., in the interest rate on money loans, but they are actually present in the entire market economy. For instance, if one considers an unchanging economy in equilibrium (which can never exist in real life, but an evenly rotating economy is useful as a mental tool to help with the explanation of economic laws), the rate earned by capitalists in the various stages of production would be exactly equal to the natural interest rate determined by time preferences.
Different people will be either suppliers or demanders of present goods on the market at varying heights of interest, depending on their subjective value scales. Someone holding $30,000 in cash may be prepared to lend out $10,000 for a year at a rate of 4%, and another $10,000 at a rate of 5% (or higher), but he may not wish to lend out the remaining amount regardless of the rate prevailing on the market, because he prefers to hold on to this part of his money stock no matter what. This value judgment depends on the marginal utility these units of money have for him (money serves as the stand-in for present goods, because it can be exchanged immediately for all other goods traded on the market).
One thing should be clear: it is unthinkable that this value judgment will ever reverse, i.e., it is categorically impossible that future goods of the same type and quantity are valued more highly than present ones. As Mises points out above, if that were the case, one would never consume, but instead postpone consumption indefinitely. The moment one does consume something – even if one merely eats a sandwich – this action by itself already reveals the existence of positive time preference, because it was not postponed further.
The exact height of the natural interest rate is not measurable. Gross market interest rates contain additional components, namely a price premium which expresses expectations of the future decline in money's purchasing power, and a risk premium, which reflects an assessment of the creditworthiness of borrowers and other risks attending a loan (this is also called an entrepreneurial premium, since it produces an entrepreneurial profit for lenders who have estimated and priced this risk correctly). Nevertheless, these components of the gross market rate can of course be differentiated analytically. As an aside, this can also at least partly explain the existence of negative yields-to-maturity on some government bonds: essentially, their risk premium has turned negative – they are believed to be safer than cash deposits held at banks (there is more to it than that, but this aspect plays definitely a role).
The Federal Funds rate these days requires a microscope to become visible – click to enlarge.
It follows also that contrary to what Bernanke states above, a decline in the natural interest rate is actually the precondition for a progressing, growing economy. If time preferences decline, more savings will be available and can be devoted to investment, which is the sine qua non precondition for growth in future output. High time preferences by contrast mean that relatively more will be consumed rather than saved and invested. The economy's production structure will accordingly have to be shortened, and hence will become less productive – even though the rate of monetary profit between the stages of production that remain will increase (see also: "The Production Structure").
The idea that the natural rate of interest is or was "probably negative" has to our knowledge been first propagated by Larry Summers and was then enthusiastically embraced by Paul Krugman, i.e., the usual Keynesian suspects. Hopefully it was made convincingly clear above why this is actually a literal impossibility. If the natural interest rate had indeed turned negative, we would all have starved to death by now, because all consumption would have ceased. We are happy to report that most people in the developed world continue to look quite well fed, arguably even too well fed in many cases, so we can be sure that this logical impossibility has not magically occurred.
Central Planners Not to Blame for Distorting Markets?
What can we say, except: wrong on all counts! The first sentence we have highlighted above is an example of circular reasoning; the Fed, or rather its members, may well feel they have "no choice" but to overrule markets, but that presupposes that the institution as such is not surplus to requirements. What Bernanke is implying in this sentence is that the existence of a central planning institution that manipulates the size of the money supply and the price of credit should simply be accepted as a given. Apparently he thinks no further debate on this point is required.
However, if one accepts this premise, then why shouldn't the government control the price of eggs, or the price of cars as well? If government bureaucrats are wise enough to plan and control the most important price ratio in the economy, then why wouldn't it be best if they controlled all prices? Similar to most economists, Bernanke would probably agree that it wouldn't be a good thing if government bureaucrats were indeed controlling all prices. So why exactly should the price of credit be an exception to this rule?
Broad US money supply TMS-2, with the Bernanke era (approx.) highlighted. Even if we didn't know anything about the theoretical arguments, it would be nigh impossible to believe that markets have not been distorted by this flood of money – click to enlarge.
Even Bernanke essentially admits that it is impossible for the Fed to "obtain the necessary and relevant information" to set the interest rate at the "correct" level. His excuse essentially boils down to: "We have little idea what we are doing, but we must do something; besides, we're trying to do our best". So the economy is so-to-speak planned on a best effort basis. We'd rather see no such planning at all.
The problem is that trying to do one's best simply won't cut it when attempting to do what is literally impossible. As a result, the rates set by the Fed will always be either too high or too low, and at best coincide with the natural rate for fleeting moments by sheer coincidence. The Fed's activities are therefore most definitely distorting prices and markets – which is precisely what Bernanke denies.
Given that the Fed per experience tends to err on the side of easy money, we experience asset price bubbles and distortions in relative prices that cause malinvestment and capital consumption (as they make capital investment in long-lived projects in the higher stages of the production structure appear to be feasible although they are not). Thus the central bank is directly responsible for the boom-bust cycle. If what Bernanke writes were actually true, we couldn't possibly have suffered any boom-bust cycles on the Fed's watch – but we most assuredly have. Since there exist no tenable non-monetary explanations of the business cycle, where else are we supposed to look for its cause?
In his first blog outing, Bernanke attempts to paint the Fed as a benevolent institution that cannot be held responsible for market distortions and economic cycles. It is true that the central bank has no control over the natural interest rate, but its interventions most assuredly do influence market interest rates and with that relative prices in the economy. The attempt to exonerate the Fed therefore fails – regardless of how well-intentioned its members may be, their actions in concert with the fractionally reserved banking [corr. 040115, Ed.] cartel are the root cause of the boom-bust cycles that continue to bedevil the economy.
Bubbles and busts in asset prices, as reflected in the US stock market. Guess what comes next.


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This is a list of artists who have achieved one number-one hit on the UK Singles Chart and no other entry on the chart. The list uses the strict The Guinness Book of British Hit Singles definition of "one-hit wonder", a term also commonly used more loosely to refer to any act known primarily for one major hit.

Methodology
A hit is attributed to the main artist given credit. If a single is released by two artists with the conjunction 'and' or 'versus' then both artists have equal billing (e.g. Yolanda Be Cool & DCUP, who have also been credited as Yolanda Be Cool vs. DCUP) and are both counted as having a number one (in this case "We No Speak Americano") whereas if the conjunction between two artists is 'featuring' or 'with' (or similar) then the first artist is considered the main artist for that hit, with the other artist listed being given a lesser billing (traditionally in these cases they would be additional vocalists or contributing instrumentalists, although in the 21st century it became common for the lead vocalist to be a 'featured' artist, with the main credit only affecting the chart in relation to the three-track rule).

Artists who are classed as one-hit wonders within the past twelve months are not yet added to the list, as they may still follow-up their number one with another hit. A one-hit wonder from earlier who now goes on to score another hit will be removed from this list.

One-hit wonders

Under an alternative name
 The KLF scored a single hit as The Timelords (the number 1 "Doctorin' the Tardis" in 1988), but scored individual hits as The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu (aka The JAMs) and 2K, and several hits, including another number 1, as The KLF.
 Isaac Hayes reached number 1 as Chef with "Chocolate Salty Balls (P.S. I Love You)" in 1998. Hayes had hits under his own name during the 1970s, with "Chocolate Salty Balls" listed under his discography in the hit singles books and online, as part of the Official Charts Company database. Comedy Central's South Park team followed up "Chocolate Salty Balls" with another British Top 10 hit, this time for character Mr. Hankey, in the Christmas chart of 1999.

Band members charting as a one-hit solo act
 Steve 'Silk' Hurley on 24 January 1987 had his only UK solo chart entry "Jack Your Body" which went to number 1.  The well-known producer had scored many hits on the UK Dance Chart and was a member of JM Silk (who have had other chart entries). Hurley refused to promote himself as a solo artist and went on to remix many more chart hits.
 Yanou has been responsible for two number one hits in the UK singles chart, "Heaven" and "Evacuate the Dancefloor". Whereas the latter song was one of his numerous hits with his Eurodance group Cascada, the former track (a dance cover of a 1980s Bryan Adams song) was the only time Yanou's name appeared in the UK Top 75 under the guise of a solo act. "Heaven" was actually a collaboration with DJ Sammy and singer Dominique Van Hulst (Do), with the record credited to DJ Sammy & Yanou featuring Do. Even though DJ Sammy charted again in the UK Top 10 with a few more dance music covers, "Heaven" was the only time Van Hulst reached the UK Singles chart.

One hit wonders excluding collaboration work
This features artists who went to number one on their own with their only solo hit, however their only additional chart entries were with other artists.

 John Denver on his own had only a single UK chart entry, with "Annie's Song" which reached number one in 1974.  He also collaborated with Plácido Domingo on another single, 1981's "Perhaps Love" which reached number 46 and was his only other chart entry. Denver also had five Top 20 albums on the UK Albums Chart during the 1970s. His lack of singles chart success in the United Kingdom stands in contrast to his popularity in his native United States, where he charted 15 Top 40 entries, including four number one singles.
  Robin Beck reached number one on 19 November 1988 with her song "First Time". The song became a success after its use as a jingle by Coca-Cola. and was followed by Beck's cover of Bonnie Tyler's "Save Up All Your Tears", which narrowly missed out on chart inclusion by peaking at number 84. In 2006, Swedish dance outfit Sunblock, along with Robin Beck, recorded a cover, which peaked at number 9 in the UK. According to the Official Charts Company (OCC). records, in the pre-digital age, with re-recorded vocals (for example, live versions) or remixes released with substantially different catalogue numbers were seen as new hits (see "Blue Monday" as an example). The Sunblock record gives Robin Beck two Top 40 hits to her name and so Beck is not seen as a one-hit wonder in the eyes of the OCC.

Comic Relief singles
for more information on Red Nose Day, see the main Comic Relief page.

 Comic Relief presents Cliff Richard and The Young Ones featuring Hank Marvin

The first Comic Relief record to reach number one in the UK singles chart was "Living Doll" in 1986. The song was a version of Cliff Richard and The Shadows' 1959 number one hit "Living Doll", recorded when the band were called The Drifters. Cliff Richard, The Shadows and band member Hank B. Marvin have had many hits in their own rights, including numerous number ones, while The Young Ones cast members Rik Mayall, Adrian Edmondson and Nigel Planer have made other chart appearances as part of their spoof band Bad News (with Peter Richardson). In addition to these hits, Planer also had a number two hit as his Young Ones character 'Neil' in 1984, whilst Mayall's football song "Noble England" charted in the UK Top 10 as a tribute by fans after his death. Actor Christopher Ryan was the only member of The Young Ones (featured on the record) who did not feature on any other chart entries, whilst missing cast member Alexei Sayle had a hit two years earlier with "'Ullo John! Gotta New Motor?". Even though Gallup did not credit Comic Relief's involvement on this record, the follow-up ("Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree") has gone into the Official Chart Company's database as being by Comic Relief Presents Mel & Kim Performed By Kim Wilde & Mel Smith.

 Comic Relief - Hale & Pace and the Stonkers/Victoria Wood

In 1991, Gareth Hale and Norman Pace were a comedy double-act known at the time for starring in their own sketch comedy series on ITV. "The Stonk", a charity single for Comic Relief, was produced by Queen guitarist Brian May, who also performed on the song, had his name printed on the front cover and was part of the charity supergroup on the record called the Stonkers. "The Stonk", was based on a fictitious dance craze and was co-written by the two comedians along with Joe Griffiths. Other musicians performing on the single, besides Brian May playing keyboards and guitar, were David Gilmour and Tony Iommi on guitar, with Neil Murray on bass guitar. Cozy Powell, Roger Taylor and Rowan Atkinson – appearing as his character Mr. Bean – performed on drums. Joe Griffiths and Mike Moran contributed on keyboard. Hale & Pace never released another single, while Rowan Atkinson was featured on the follow-up single "(I Wanna Be) Elected", credited to Mr Bean and Smear Campaign ft Bruce Dickinson, another top ten hit for Comic Relief.

A UK number-one single for one week on 23 March 1991, "The Stonk" was the UK's 22nd-best-selling single of the year. "The Stonk" was released as a joint-single with a track written and performed by the comedian Victoria Wood. Entitled "The Smile Song", the song was credited on the front of the single cover and listed as track 2 on the seven-inch and CD single (rather than B-side). However, the UK singles chart compilers (now the Official Charts Company) did not credit her with having number one hit, in a situation similar to the fate of BAD II's "Rush", the AA-side of preceding number one, "Should I Stay or Should I Go" by The Clash.  Rival chart compilers MRIB did, however, credit "The Smile Song" as a double A-sided number one on the Network Chart.

 Gareth Gates with special guests The Kumars

"Spirit in the Sky" is a song sometimes credited as a 'three-time one-hit wonder' as it was also a number one hit for Norman Greenbaum as well as Doctor and the Medics, a band who are not actually a one-hit wonder as they also had a hit with "Burn" in 1986 and charted with a cover of ABBA's "Waterloo" with Roy Wood. Even though Gareth Gates is an artist with four number ones, including his first three releases, The Kumars (comedians Sanjeev Bhaskar, Meera Syal, Indira Joshi and Vincent Ebrahim from the chat show of the same name) have never charted again.

 Vanessa Jenkins and Bryn West featuring Sir Tom Jones and Robin Gibb

"(Barry) Islands in the Stream" was a version of a Bee Gees song originally recorded by Kenny Rogers and Dolly Parton, and a single which topped the UK chart on 15 March 2009.
It was recorded by Welsh actor-comedians Ruth Jones and Rob Brydon as characters from the hit BBC sitcom Gavin & Stacey, a show where they were originally seen singing the song. The single was recorded for Red Nose Day 2009 with the duo being joined by Welsh singer Sir Tom Jones and Bee Gee Robin Gibb.

Special cases - Football records
Please note that some chart books will group records by one team under one entry even though the squad will have changed over the decades.

 ENGLANDneworder
An ensemble group consisting of electropop group New Order and the England national football team and their 1990 FIFA World Cup campaign. The song, "World In Motion", spent two weeks at number one, with ENGLANDneworder being used by graphic designer Peter Saville on the single sleeve. The England national football team is listed under four different England World Cup Squad recording acts by the OCC with "Back Home" being a number one hit for the team in 1970. while members of New Order have charted as part of Electronic, Joy Division, Monaco and the Other Two. "World In Motion" was the only number one hit on the UK Singles Chart for New Order, with the Manchester band having the sole credit for the record since 2002. "World In Motion" was co-written by Fat Les' Keith Allen and features a rap from John Barnes, who was part of Liverpool FC when they had a Top 10 hit with the "Anfield Rap".

 Manchester United Football Squad
In a way similar to England national team, Manchester United have charted before with different squads and with slight amendments to their football team brand, as listed on the Official Charts database. "Come on You Reds" was a Number One song recorded by the 1994 Manchester United football squad, featuring an uncredited Status Quo (who also wrote and produced the record) with the song spending 15 weeks on the UK charts.

 Baddiel & Skinner & Lightning Seeds
Like Robin Beck, this act have a Number 1 song which has charted again as a new hit with re-recorded versions and like ELV1S vs JXL  a song which has been classed as a hit more than once by The Virgin Book of British Hit Singles. Originally a number one under the title "Three Lions" (Epic 6632732) in 1996, it was re-recorded with updated lyrics in 1998 as "3 Lions '98" (Epic 6660982), when it reached number one again. The 1998 version was then re-issued as "3 Lions" in 2002 (Epic 6728152) with a DualDisc version coming out in 2006 (Sony BMG 82876856672) effectively making the record a double-A side (a fact reflected in Sony's 2021 re-issue under the title "3 Lions: Football's Coming Home - 25th Anniversary Edition"). Since the chart rules were updated to reflect streaming, both versions have been combined under the title "3 Lions" regardless if people stream the original "Three Lions" or the 1998 version (with any additional chart weeks put under a listing for "3 Lions" on the Official Charts site even though the record was listed as "Three Lions" in 1996). In addition to these four "3 Lions" hits, David Baddiel, Frank Skinner and Ian Broudie (the Lightning Seeds) re-recorded the song again in 2010, this time with Robbie Williams, Trevor Horn and Russell Brand. Instead of listing all of their names on the front cover, this re-recording was credited to the Squad. and is known as "3 Lions 2010" or "Three L10ns". This song peaked at number 21 on the UK singles chart and gave Baddiel and Skinner five hits out of one song (compared to two Top 40 hits for Robin Beck's "First Time").

Aggregate ensemble groups
The following is a list of aggregate ensemble groups. These are usually put together for charity purposes. The ones listed below are one-hit wonders in their respective line-ups, but most are primarily made up of several chart artists. The following line-ups have all reached number one in their only hit under these umbrella group names:

 USA for Africa ("We Are the World", 1985)
 The Crowd ("You'll Never Walk Alone", 1985)
 Ferry Aid ("Let It Be", 1987)
 Dunblane ("Knocking on Heaven's Door"/"Throw These Guns Away", 1996) (this was a double-A side with a cover version of Bob Dylan on one side (with additional lyrics), and an original co-written by Bannockburn member Ted Christopher on the other)
 Various Artists ("Perfect Day", 1997)
 Helping Haiti ("Everybody Hurts", 2010)
 Shout for England featuring Dizzee Rascal and James Corden ("Shout", 2010) (currently listed in the Official Chart Company's archive as "Shout" by Shout featuring Dizzee and James Corden)
 Artists for Grenfell ("Bridge over Troubled Water", 2017)
 Live Lounge Allstars ("Times Like These (BBC Radio 1 Stay Home)", 2020)

Note: there have been a few collaborations and multi-artist EPs which have charted under the name 'Various Artists', none of which match the one singing "Perfect Day" as listed above, which is why this record is eligible for inclusion on this list. (Note: In 2000, there was another version of "Perfect Day" released for BBC Music Live which charted at number 69 in the chart, while records like "Thank ABBA for the Music" are currently listed under the 'Various Artists' tab at officialcharts.com and not under each artist's discography as in the case of the later chart books by HiT Entertainment/Virgin Books.)

Aggregate ensemble groups: charity records - special cases
 Band Aid

Currently the Official Charts Company (OCC) lists the four versions of "Do They Know it's Christmas?" separately on their website under entries for Band Aid (1984), Band Aid 20 (2004), Band Aid 30 (2014) and Band Aid II (1989). However they were combined under the main Band Aid entry in various British Hit Singles books, giving the act an achievement of its first four records at number one.

 The X Factor finalists

Currently the Official Charts Company lists each year's charity record by The X Factor finalists under a separate recording act entry as the contestants in the ITV show The X Factor were different every year, meaning that the group of finalists were different each year as well. However, various British Hit Singles books combined the four number ones (for "Hero", 2008; "You Are Not Alone", 2009; "Heroes", 2010 and "Wishing on a Star", 2011)
under one X Factor Finalists entry, also giving the act an achievement of its first four records at number one.

 The Justice Collective

In 2012, The Justice Collective reached number one with a cover of "He Ain't Heavy, He's My Brother". This single was one of a number of campaigning charity record projects put together by Peter Hooton of The Farm, with the others being a number 14 UK hit single called "The Fields of Anfield Road" credited to the Liverpool Collective featuring the Kop Choir (a record which also reached number one in Scotland on 26 April 2009, because the Scottish chart at that time only reflected sales in the declining physical formats and did not include the then-growing download market), and a version of the Farm's "All Together Now", credited to The Peace Collective, which peaked at number 70 in 2014.

 Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Choir

In 2015, the Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Choir had the UK Singles Chart Christmas number one, beating Justin Bieber to the top of this chart with their charity release "A Bridge over You". Five years later they recorded a version of Bieber's song "Holy" with him. However, when the record was released in December 2020 it was credited as a remix with the Official Charts Company combining it with the original entry, with no additional Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Choir credit. In May 2021, the Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Choir were featured on a charity version of "Anywhere Away From Here" by Rag 'n' Bone Man and P!nk, which was performed by all three acts at the 2021 BRIT Awards, and helped the record reach the top ten. As in the case of "Holy", the new version of "Anywhere Away From Here" was combined with the already charting original by the Official Charts Company, with no additional credit for the choir. In addition to these records, a single was released by NHS Voices in 2018 with the record company credit going to the Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Choir. This single was a charity version of the Beatles' "With a Little Help from My Friends" reached only number 89 and stayed just 1 week in the UK Top 100.

 Michael Ball, Captain Tom Moore and the Voices of Care Choir

Captain Sir Tom Moore was a 99-year-old war veteran who raised millions of pounds for the NHS during the COVID-19 pandemic by walking 100 laps of his garden before his 100th birthday. Singer and BBC Radio 2 presenter Michael Ball decided that he would try and make Captain Tom Moore the oldest artist to have a number one hit in the UK by recording a fundraising cover of the Rodgers and Hammerstein song "You'll Never Walk Alone" with the intention that the song would be at number one in the Official Singles Chart at the point Captain Moore turned 100. The duo teamed up with the NHS Voices of Care Choir with the song, credited to Michael Ball, Captain Tom Moore and the Voices of Care Choir, reaching the top spot on the chart dated 30 April 2020. Even though Ball has had hits in the singles and albums chart (including three number one albums with Alfie Boe), Moore died on the 2nd February 2021, with one hit single and the record for the oldest artist to have a chart topper to his name, while the Voices of Care Choir were the second NHS associated choir to get a number one hit, after the Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Choir.  In addition to these records, a charity version of the Beatles' "With a Little Help from My Friends" was released in 2018 credited to NHS Voices. Even though the record only reached number 89 in the UK charts and stayed just 1 week in the UK Top 100, it is likely that many of the choir members appeared on Captain Tom Moore's record and on "A Bridge over You".

Featured artists
Acts charting in the days of The Guinness Book of British Hit Singles with the conjunction 'and' or 'versus' were seen as a separate recording act when they had amassed a number of hits together, with acts seen as a footnote if they had been featured on a record. However, by the time of the Hit Entertainment and Virgin chart books (and also reflected in the information held by the Official Charts site) featured artists had been given equal status as the main recording act (so that Ed Sheeran has 10 number ones with "River" by Eminem being part of that total, and Sheeran's discography being responsible for number ones by Stormzy and Khalid where they feature as guest acts), with any hits added to the featured artists discography if they had already had been a lead artist or had amassed enough hits as a featured artist to be listed separately. Listed below is a table of acts whose only singles chart appearance has been as a featured artist on a number one hit.

Notes

See also
 One-hit wonder
 Lists of one-hit wonders
 List of one-hit wonders on the UK Albums Chart
 List of one-hit wonders on the UK Singles Downloads Chart
 Lists of UK Singles Chart number ones
 List of UK Singles Chart Christmas number ones
 List of songs which have spent the most weeks on the UK Singles Chart

References

External links
 Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums, 19th, London: Guinness World Records Limited, p.  540. .
 The Official Charts website

British popular music
One hit wonders
UK Singles

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