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You are here: Home / Press / Business / Drone World Expo Partners with Leading Industry Groups in Farming, Air Traffic Control, Mapping and Aeronautics
Drone World Expo Partners with Leading Industry Groups in Farming, Air Traffic Control, Mapping and Aeronautics
April 20, 2016 By LBSzone
Drone World Expo Partners with Leading Industry Groups in Farming, Air Traffic Control, Mapping and Aeronautics to Bring Stakeholders to November Event – Qualified Members to Receive Complimentary Access to Education Program
SAN JOSE, Calif.–Drone World Expo has announced partnerships with several leading groups whose members are commercial users, or are enabling commercial use of drones including the Air Traffic Control Association (ATCA), American Farm Bureau Federation, the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) and MAPPS. Drone World Expo will be working closely with these partners on various co-marketing and conference program initiatives leading up to the 2nd annual Drone World Expo event to be held November 15-16, 2016, at the San Jose Convention Center.
"After the success of our partnership last year, we are once again thrilled to be part of Drone World Expo in developing the MAPPS Geospatial Track"
"We are committed to bringing the industry together again for Drone World Expo and it's through partnerships with leading organizations like these that we have the ability to expand our offerings and welcome their members to attend our dynamic education program and exhibit hall," said Joelle Coretti, Drone World Expo's Event Director. "We are always interested in pursuing strategic partnerships with key organizations and we look forward to working with our partners to ensure that we are serving all sectors of this extraordinary community."
Drone World Expo's two-day conference focused on the latest advancements in the commercial drone industry is being developed with guidance from its Advisory Board. The conference will feature sessions and case studies addressing the ever-evolving regulatory environment for commercial drone use, as well as the most up to date and critical information for professionals using drone technology for cinematography, agriculture, construction, mapping and surveying, law enforcement, utilities, oil and gas, search and rescue, humanitarian and conservation initiatives, real estate and more. Sessions will provide updates from the FAA, in-depth information on commercial strategies, data collection and processing, security, privacy, sensors, piloting and safety management, certification standards, 3D imaging/printing, GIS and the Internet of Things (IoT).
"We are looking forward to partnering and furthering the conversation around drones between the scientific/R&D community and the end-user community, bringing these groups together twice a year at the DEMAND for UNMANNED UAS Symposium in June and Drone World Expo in November," said Tom Irvine, Managing Director of Content Development for the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), the world's largest technical society dedicated to the global aerospace profession.
"As an association dedicated to the progress of air traffic control, bringing our perspective to Drone World Expo will help UAS users better understand the implications of drone implementation while also educating air traffic controllers and managers about new drone capabilities and how these vehicles are being used," said Peter F. Dumont, CAE, President and CEO of ATCA. "This partnership is a natural fit, and one that will enhance the safety of the airspace moving forward."
"Drones are the next evolution within American agriculture technology. Drones have the potential to help farmers grow more food while using less water and fewer pesticides. High-tech cameras and other airborne sensors give farmers important data to reduce their environmental footprint. This is important not just for farmers but for anyone else who cares deeply about the environment. Farm Bureau is excited to bring education and solutions to farmers and ranchers via this new partnership with Drone World Expo and encourage our members to attend this important industry event," said RJ Karney, Director of Congressional Relations, American Farm Bureau Federation.
"After the success of our partnership last year, we are once again thrilled to be part of Drone World Expo in developing the MAPPS Geospatial Track," said John Palatiello, MAPPS Executive Director. "UAVs are playing an integral role in the future of surveying and mapping, and it is vitally important we lead the discussion in terms of investment, technology, applications and regulations."
The Drone World Expo conference is complimentary for qualified end-users. Conference passes for those who do not qualify as end-users are $495 through September 30, $695 until November 14, and $995 at the show. All attendees will also have the opportunity to register for the MAPPS Geospatial Track at DWE for just $95 until September 30. Industry professionals may also register for complimentary expo passes, which provide access to hundreds of products on display, all keynote presentations, Tech Talks in the exhibit hall, flying demonstrations, and networking receptions.
In addition to having access to educational programming, attendees will find hundreds of leading companies throughout the exhibit hall. For information about exhibiting at Drone World Expo, contact Brandon Packman at 541-968-3856 or 203-371-6322; or brandon@jdevents.com with any questions about exhibit and sponsorship opportunities at Drone World Expo 2016.
About Drone World Expo
Drone World Expo, the defining event for the commercial applications of UAS technology, will take place November 15-16, 2016 at the San Jose Convention Center in San Jose, CA. For more information, visit www.droneworldexpo.com. The event is produced by JD Events, dedicated to the creation of targeted and innovative industry-leading events that deliver results. Visit www.jdevents.com for more information.
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Abstract: The present study is a contribution to the physical and chemical analysis of water, sediments and fish in order to determine the pollution status of Léré lake in Western Mayo-Kebbi (Chad). The study investigates parameters such as temperature, pH, conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, BDO5 and CDO. Likewise, concentrations of trace elements known as heavy metals Cu, Cd, Pb, Fe, Mn, As, Zn, Ni and Cr of which some are especially toxic were determined in water, sediments and fish. Results of heavy metals analysis: Cu (0.95 - 3.90 mg/l), Pb (0.13 - 0.75 mg/l), Ni (0.40 - 6.40 mg/l), Cr (0.03 - 0.50 mg/l), As(0.03 - 0.18 mg/l), Cd (0.07 - 0.15 mg/l) and Zn (0.98 - 15.30 mg/l) as well as data on CDO (26-50 mg/l) and BDO5 (17-34 mg/l) showed that water pollution of the Léré lake was very significant though consumed by surrounding populations. The same report can be made on strongly contaminated sediments: Ni (5.9 mg/Kg), As (2.71 mg/Kg), Cr (6.60 mg/Kg), Cd (0.50 mg/Kg) and Mn (0.26 mg/Kg). Over all, within the framework of this study, fish flesh was less contaminated than fish gills.
Water resources are essential to all living organisms and the maintenance of environmental properties of the earth . The Appreciation of the surface water quality is based on measurements of physico-chemical parameters and the presence or absence of aquatic organisms and micro-organisms which are somewhat indicators of a good quality of water. These data can be supplemented by the analysis of sediments (mud), which constitute a "memory" of river life, notably pollution episodes by heavy metals . The human activity is responsible for the introduction of various pollutants into the environment and particularly into the aquatic environment. Certain pollutants can be biodegradable and vanish with time, whereas others are not, and can persist in, accumulate and become toxic. To deal with this situation, various statutory texts as well at the national level as world, were elaborated having for objectives to limit, decrease, and even remove pollutants considered as toxic. In Chad, there are regulations and texts in regard to the liquid rejections in the natural environment . Indeed, in addition to its scarcity, fresh water is prone to increasing and continuous pressures owing to the industrial development needs, agriculture, and the improvement of life conditions of population and living organisms in aquatic environment. Some chemical elements as heavy metals such as copper, nickel, manganese and iron are essential, but with raised concentrations, they have toxic effects for the living organisms. Other elements such as lead, cadmium, mercury and chromium are not essential to metabolic activities and express primarily toxic properties . Chad relative abound of rivers and lakes which get many advantages to this country. These rivers maintain of water farms, habitations (trade, accommodation) and institutions, while ensuring the maintenance of the ground water. It is important to mention that rivers of Chad had full of fish formerly. Nowadays they undergo the risks of climatic changes and become today almost the rubbish dumps . The study subject such as Léré lake is one of the ten lakes of Chad, and the third by its surface. During these last years, different activities increased intensively in the catchment basin of this lake. Indeed, it is liable to demographic pressures, increasing of agricultural activities, fishing and breeding added to the road traffic and climatic changes. The population already starts to worry about the scarcity of certain fish species whose cycle of reproduction could be affected by these previous demonstrations. The high rate of leaching by rainwater has contributed to the sandbank of the lake. A study undertaken in 2011 by the Program of the Information system on the Rural Development and Country planning (P-SIDRAT) showed that the products used for fishing caused a drastic reduction in the quantity and quality of fish. The present work aims at establishing the quality of water, sediments and fish of the Léré lake by the use of physico-chemical analyses. Thus, the physical parameters such as temperature, conductivity, pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, CDO (Chemical Demand in Oxygen), BDO5 (Biochemical Demand in Oxygen during five days) as well as the concentrations of certain heavy metals (copper, cadmium, lead, nickel, chromium, arsenic, zinc and manganese) were determined.
The outlet point: P2, July (EXU; J) and P5, September (Exu; sept): Located between the P1 and P3points.
Figure 1. Localisation of the study site.
Using polypropylene flasks of 250 ml volume, taking of water was carried out by plunging the flask to approximately 50 cm below the water level. The flasks were previously washed, rinsed to demineralized water, and then with the water of the lake. Three flasks were thus filled with water at each sampling point. Water samples collected were preserved at 4°C in icebox and conveyed immediately to the laboratory where they were submitted to a pre-treatment before analysis .
Fish sampling was done at the edge of Léré Lake on fish coldly sined by fishermen. (Arius latiscutatus) held our attention for the study. It is one of the most captured fish species and the most consumed in the country. These fresh fish were immediately put under ice in icebox and conveyed to the laboratory in Djamena. Once in the laboratory they were immediately weighed, their size measured, and after which they were put at cold storage 4°C. Thereafter, the fish samples were submitted to the following pretreatment: for each fish, the gills and flesh were separated and introduced into the drying oven, then in the furnace where they were reduced in ash in accordance with the method indicated by  and . From ashes were obtained solutions containing heavy metals of which concentration could be determined .
The sediments were taken on the three previously cited sites in period of low water level (July) and in period of flood (September). The method consisted to sample surface sediments up to 20 cm depth using a new shovel (having a plastic sleeve) on board of a barque. The samples were collected in new plastic bags, mixed until obtaining a homogeneous mixture, then preserved in an icebox at 4°C and conveyed to the laboratory where they underwent a treatment before analysis .
Physical measurements of water of Léré lake were done on the evaluation in situ of pH (pH-meter ISO SCAN), turbidity (HACH LANGE 2100P ISO), dissolved oxygen (HACH LANGE HQ 30d), temperature and conductivity (multimeter Cyberscan-CON 11). Heavy metals analysis present in water samples, fish and sediments were carried out using UV-Visible HACH DR/2400 and SHIMADZU 1700PC spectrophotometers at the Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment (LABEEN) of the University of Djamena.
The crude data obtained were subjected to a statistical treatment based on the determination of the precision of measurements (ANOVA). The principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out using XLSTAT 2007 software.
Table 1. Physical parameters of water of the lake.
Note: For each column, the values followed by the same letter are not significantly different.
Physical parameters of water such as temperature, pH, turbidity, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, BDO5 and CDO are given in table 1 and represented on figure 2.
The Water temperature of the lake remained almost constant in July (from 29.10 ± 0.10°C to 29.50 ± 0.10°C) as in September (from 27.20 ± 0.20°C to 27.80 ± 0.40°C). Some high temperature in July is explained by the sun intensity which causes the water heating prelude to rainfall, whereas in flood period (August-September), the climate was rather wet with less high temperature. So, variations in temperature follow those of climatic conditions . These variations can involve disturbances in the equilibrium of aquatic ecosystem .
The pH values of water in July (from 6.91 ± 0.03 to 7.21±0.01) were almost neutral. On the other hand in September, it can be noted a slight alkalinity (from 7.21 ± 0.01 to 7.53 ± 0.01), which may be due to the leaching by rain water. These values are comparable with those (7.5) obtained on bays of Port-au-Prince in Haiti , in water of Yaoundé lake (6 to 7.7) . The WHO regulation limits the values of pH from 6.5 to 8.5. Out of these limits, there can be harmful consequences for fauna and flora .
The average values of conductivity ranged between 69.25 ± 0.56 and 37.00 ± 0.36 µS/cm showed that water of Léré lake was not very mineralized. It is known that water whose conductivity is between 600 and 1000µS/cm has a significant mineralisation and if it exceeds 1000µS/cm its mineralisation is considered as excessive (regulation of WHO). Our results are lower than those obtained by  for the Chari river, but comparable with those of  for the Logone river and finally higher than those obtained for the Congo river (33µS/cm) by .
The turbidity values varied from (63.13 ± 1.13) NTU to (89.10 ± 1.00) NTU. This turbidity depended on seasons and time period. The higher turbidity observed in September is not surprising in wet season, because the increase in turbidity results from the phenomenon of leaching by rainwater. The measured average values were higher than the reference value of water quality of 2NTU .
The values obtained 5.34 ± 0.35 mg/l and 6.64 ± 0.32 mg/l were quite close from a sampling point to another of Léré lake. These values were satisfactory from the ecological point of view. However, they were somewhat lower than those obtained for the Chari  and Logone  rivers. Generally, the oxygen content must be above 5 mg/l to be considered as good for the ecosystem .
Figure 2. Physical parameters measured in situ.
The chemical demand in oxygen (CDO) indicates the chemically oxidable quantity of substances, while the biochemical demand in oxygen (BDO5) is the quantity of oxygen that bacteria use to decay partially or completely oxidize organic substances in a water sample in a given time, which is generally five days. Values of CDO are always higher than those of BDO5. Results of table 1 show that data of BDO5 and CDO were in general higher in time of low water level than in wet period. In any case they were so high (BDO5: 17-34 mg/L; CDO: 26-60 mg/L) that we can speculate on an advanced pollution of Léré lake by organic substances. Indeed, the surface water that must be consumed by human should not exceed 5 mg/L of BDO5 .
Heavy metal concentrations studied are given in table 2 and represented on figure 3. The whole samples taken at different points revealed various degree of contamination of lake by heavy metals. Similar data for the Chari River were published by . It can be noted that heavy metal concentrations of water at the outlet point were particularly higher than those of other points, and sometimes widely exceeding the WHO standards .
The average concentrations of copper by intake point were between (0.95 ± 0.01) mg/l in July and (3.90 ± 0.011) mg/l in September. This content of copper recorded in September was higher than the limit value for the water quality fixed by WHO (2 mg/l) and would be related to leaching phenomenon by rain. This value was higher than those obtained by  for an urban river in Tokyo (0.22 mg/l) and by  for the Niger river (0.033 mg/l) in Bamako.
The nickel concentrations in water of Léré lake varied from 0.40 ± 0.01 mg/l to 4.25 ± 0.02 mg/l in low water level period and from 2.00 ± 0.00 mg/l to 6.40 ± 0.10 mg/L in flood period. Nickel is a neurotoxic and highly carcinogen product . The values obtained were higher than those fixed by WHO (0.05mg/l).
The results of arsenic varied from 0.03±0.01 to 0.18±0.0 mg/l from a sampling point to another. Raised concentration of arsenic in downstream point of Léré lake can be explained by leaching, consequence of spreading of phosphate fertilizers, herbicides and insecticides in the field around this point. It is perhaps because of that the substance content in water in wet season was more significant than in dry season. Chronic diseases can result from the accumulation of arsenic in human organisms. Its concentration in water should not exceed 0.05 mg/L (WHO).
Whether the chromium contents were low in July at points P1 (0.03 mg/l) and P3 (0.04 mg/l), it was quite high for other points, mainly in September (0.10- 0.50 mg/l).  found relatively high concentrations (8.667 mg/l) in wastewater of abattoir and (1.234 mg/l) in wastewater of Chad cotton (Cotton Company of Chad) in Moundou. Wastewater discharges from anthropogenic activities can be a source of pollution by chromium. This element is a carcinogenic substance. The limiting value fixed by WHO is 0.05 mg/l.
Table 2. Heavy metals content of water of the lake.
The average contents of lead varied from 0.13 ± 0.005 mg/l to 0.63 ± 0.01 mg/l in period of low water level. From 0.70 ± 0.01 mg/l to 0.75 ± 0.01 mg/L in flood period. These results show that lead concentrations were widely higher than those fixed by WHO (0.05 mg/l). They were in any case higher than those obtained by  but lower than the data of . Lead is a toxic element, very dangerous for the human organism. It is difficult to strictly establish the source of this metal in the Léré lake. However, we think that it must come from batteries whose lead is recovered and used in the fishing nets by fishermen. It is also possible that fertilizers used for agriculture are a source of this pollution. Indeed, studies carried out in Canada showed that fertilizers contain up to 3.5 mg/l of lead . Solid waste and pesticides can also constitute a probable source of lead. Analyses achieved at a large scale on household wastes showed lead content of about 450 mg/l .
Iron had a distribution similar to manganese. It is also essential for human, but undesirable in water because of some of its properties such as taste, color, task on the clothes. It was enough in all study points but with proportions higher than those of manganese. The highest concentrations were recorded during the low water level. The supply can be of agricultural primarily as well as the leaching of household waste. Iron content of Léré lake widely exceed the value fixed for fresh water: 0.03mg/l . The WHO's limit value for iron is 0.30 mg/l.
Figure 3. Physico-chemical parameters of water of the lake.
Manganese is an essential metal for the human health. The average concentrations higher than the standard of 0.10 mg/l (WHO) were recorded in (EXU J): 0.50 mg/l and (EXU sept): 0.40 ± 0.01 mg/l. This occurrence of manganese in water does not seem to be only related to household or industrial rejections, because this metal is quite widespread in nature. Indeed, manganese is present enough in vegetable debris .
The zinc concentrations were higher in period of low water level: 1.60-16.00 mg/l, than in wet season: 0.98-5.2 mg/l. Taking into account the fact that the lake surface considerably increases in rainy season, the zinc supply by leaching is not sufficient to compensate for the reduction in the concentration of this element caused by the phenomenon of dilution. Data obtained were higher than those of  for water of Dang lake: 0.19-0.35 mg/l. The Who's limit value is of 3.0 mg/l.
As the lead and mercury, cadmium is mostly a toxic metal. Whether cadmium contents of 0.007 ± 0.001 and 0.009 ± 0.001 obtained in July were somewhat higher than the standard of 0.005 mg/l (WHO), those obtained in wet period, 0.10 ± 0.001 and 0.15 ± 0.001 mg/l were higher. These high values can be the result of soil leaching and erosion, which can constitute a source of cadmium. Cadmium pollution is significant in water of Léré lake. Metals analysis carried out on the Fouarat Wadis in Morocco stated cadmium content up to 6.3 mg/l, 0.25 mg/l in Bini lake and 0.42mg/l in Dang lake in Cameroon . Moreover, 0.40 mg/l of cadmium was reported in the Nil River, Egypt .
Table 3 and figure 4 show the results of heavy metals analysis in sediments of Léré lake. The whole concentrations (mg/kg) present high values in low water level period, except lead and zinc.
As it was mentioned above, results of table 3 indicate that copper contents of 0.94-2.85 mg/kg in low water level period were more significant than 0.02-0.24 mg/kg in wet period. That could be explained by the covering of old sediments by new supply by the phenomenon of water stream. In all cases, the pollution of sediments by copper remained moderate regarding the limit value fixed by WHO (1 mg/L).  report a value of 3.3 mg/kg. The occurrence of copper could be due to the use of fertilizers and phytosanitary products which are the ways of soil enrichment by copper. Our data were lower than those obtained by  with 14.77 mg/kg in sediments of Comoé river (Ivory Coast),  with 25.4 mg/kg in sediments of Rhum el wadis and Saki el Round (Algeria) and  with 226.6 mg/kg in the Tokyo river (Japan).
In sediments, the lead contents were sufficiently high, ranging from 0.51 ± 0.01 to 0.10 ± 0.01 mg/kg in July and from 0.12 ± 0.02 to 0.16 ± 0.02 mg/kg in September. Such content could be explained by the supply from exhaust gas of vehicles, lead used in nets fishing which failed at the bottom of water. Without forgetting the supply from the discharges of waste water which contributes to raised concentrations of this metal in the sediments of Léré lake.
The results obtained by other authors gave higher lead concentrations than ours. Thereby, the following contents of lead in sediments were published in the literature: 58.4 mg/kg in the estuary of the Come river, Ivory-Coast , 48.8mg/kg in estuary bays of Abidjan, Ivory-Coast  and 20.30 mg/kg in sediments of the Mingao River, Cameroon .
The average contents of this metal were between 2.36 ± 0.06 mg/kg and 5.90 ± 0.10 mg/kg in July, and between 0.4 ± 0.2 mg/kg and 2.88 ± 0.02 mg/kg in September 2014. In all cases the results obtained were higher than the threshold value fixed by WHO (0.05 mg/kg). The nickel concentrations found were able to disturb the ecological equilibrium of the medium. Higher nickel concentrations (41 mg/kg) were reported in the Rhum el wadi in Algeria .
Table 3. Heavy metals content in sediments.
The arsenic contents in sediments were about 0.3 mg/kg in dry season and 0.1 mg/kg in rainy season. These average values were higher than the average accepted in sediments of rivers (0.005 mg/kg). The lower values recorded in wet period could be attributed to soil leaching leading to a certain dilution. The contamination of sediments and water to arsenic could be of human origin by the use of fertilizers, herbicides and insecticides for the market-gardening as well as detergents. A study carried out on the atlantic coast of Nigeria by Ndickwere found a value of 6.2 mg/kg . In addition a rate of 15.96 mg/kg for the sediments of estuary bays of Abidjan in Ivory-Coast was reported .
The analysis of sediments exhibited results from 3.50 ± 0.02 to 6.60 ± 0.10 mg of chromium per kg of sediments for the month of July, thus showing an advanced pollution. Nevertheless, higher published concentrations of chromium were for Turkey lakes from 0.08 to 6.41 mg of chromium per g of sediments .
The manganese rates in sediments were from 0.30 ± 0.01 to 0.26 ± 0.02 mg/kg in time of low water level and from 0.22 ± 0.02 to 0.50 ± 0.02 mg/kg in September. These concentrations were quite lower compared to those obtained by other authors: 255 mg/kg , 125mg/kg  and 131.95 mg/kg .
The highest concentration of iron in sediments was of 2.64 mg/kg which was widely below the standard of WHO (7 mg/kg). Moreover, we can say that this metal does not contribute to the pollution of sediments of the lake. The occurrence of iron is related to the structure of silicates which belong to the main Components of these sediments .
Figure 4. Heavy metals content in sediments.
The highest values of zinc rate were observed in wet season (3.37 mg/kg). This significant zinc supply could be the result of wastewater of the city, household waste, as well as fertilizers used in farms.
The results of metal analysis in sediments showed that cadmium rates in the various sampling points of the lake were higher in flood period with concentration of 0.48 ± 0.02 mg/kg compared to the low water level period with concentrations varying between 0.40 and 0.46 mg/kg in down stream. These results let us presume that the cause of raised contents in wet period could be due to the running water involving enough quantity of mud in the lake. A study of  on water and sediments of an urban river in Tokyo made case of a cadmium content of 0.9 mg/kg.
The results of physico-chemical analysis of fish are given in table 4 and are represented on figure 5. These data highlighted a significant contamination of fish by heavy metals by accumulation following the consumption of water, planktons, muds, grasses etc. in certain fish samples, gills were more contaminated than flesh while in others, it was rather the opposite. This contamination seems to be of randomness while certain fish were severely contaminated than others. Taking into account the fact that these fish are consumed by the population, it is necessary to be worried.
The copper concentrations appeared higher in the gills than in the flesh. The average values of concentrations were 0.54 - 0.44 mg/kg and 0.20 - 0.35 mg/kg respectively in the gills and flesh.
Other researchers found values more raised: 2.9 mg/kg in the Harbestport Dam Lake in South Africa  and 12 mg/kg in Bay of Abou-Kir in Egypt .
For the two parts of fish analyzed during the two sampling, the lead concentrations were: 0.16 and 0.14 mg/kg in the gills, and 0.50 and 0.27 mg/kg in the flesh. These values were higher than those fixed by WHO (0.20 µg/g). In water of the Harbestport lake in South Africa,  found a lead content of 0.42 mg/kg in fish. A comparable rate of 0.48 mg/kg was also reported by  for fish of the delta of Niger in Nigeria.
The average rates in arsenic were: 0.06 and 0.18 mg/kg for the gills, whereas for the flesh, they were 0.03 and 0.14 mg/kg. These data were lower than the limit value (5mg/kg). In the same way, they were lower than those of  who found 0.36 and 0.28 mg/kg respectively for the Nakuru and Mellwaine lakes in South Africa. Afterwards of 3.5 mg/kg for fish of North Canada lakes .
Table 4. Heavy metals Content (mg/kg) in fish.
Note:For each column, the values followed by the same letter are not significantly different.
The manganese contents varied from 0.60 to 0.80 mg/kg and from 0.03 to 0.20 mg/kg in the gills and flesh respectively. In all cases, these average concentrations were lower than the limit value of FAO/WHO (2 mg/kg). Our results were comparable with those obtained by  with 0.63 mg/kg in the Kpong basin in Ghana, but lower than those of  with 1.1 mg/kg in the Niger delta in Nigeria and  with 12 mg/kg in the South Africa lakes.
The results showed an iron occurrence in the gills with 0.30 - 2.5 mg/kg, higher than those found in the flesh with 0.05 - 1.15 mg/kg. However, these values were below the WHO's threshold (7 mg/kg).
Other results were exposed in the literature: 33 mg/kg for the Tanganyika lake , 11.2 mg/kg for the Mariout lake in Egypt , 3.8 mg/kg for the Kpong basin in Ghana , 4.65 mg/kg for the Victoria lake in Kenya  and 6.53 mg/kg for the Logone river in Chad .
During flood period, zinc content in the gills (3.1 mg/kg) as in the flesh (2.4 mg/kg) was comparable with that of the sediments, but higher than the FAO/WHO threshold value (2 mg/kg). More significant zinc contents in fish were published: 120 mg/kg in Harbestport lake in South Africa .
Figure 5. Heavy metals Content in fish.
Results of analysis of cadmium contents in the gills and flesh were between 0.31 - 0.55 mg/kg and 0.42 -0.72 mg/kg respectively. These contents were very high than the FAO/WHO threshold value which is of 0.05 mg/kg. Cadmium which is a highly toxic metal can be harmful for the human health by the abusive consumption of these fish. The cadmium concentrations obtained were comparable with the data of Kayalto (2008) from the study of Chari water in Chad. But these concentrations were higher than those published by other authors: 0.02 mg/kg in the Iskenderun bay in Turkey  and 0.009 mg/kg in the Kassumigura lake in Japan .
To get better representation of data (variables), we used factual techniques of reduction of dimensions by applying the method of principal components analysis (PCA) to the whole data.
The PCA results of water are given in table 5. The first two columns of this table allow make up of figure 6 from which it arises a satisfactory representation of variables. It can be noted that the last three columns were not used because two dimensions were enough to interpret the analysis as the two factors F1 and F2, add up a variance of almost 68%.
The principal component F1 (44%) was positively correlated with the majority of variables: pH, Turbidity, CDO, BDO5, oxygen, arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium and nickel, and negatively with: iron, zinc, manganese, copper and conductivity. It must be noted that the majority of these variables significantly contributed to the pollution of Léré lake (negative correlations).
The F2 axis is an opposition axis between metals such as Fe, As and Cd (positive correlations) on one hand, and Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr and Pb (negative correlations) on the other.
The results of principal component analysis of sediments of Léré lake are given in table 6. Here F1 and F2 factors account for 82.32% of total variance.
Figure 6. Circle of correlations (water samples).
Table 5. Correlations between variables and factors.
Table 6. Correlations between variables and factors.
Variables from figure 7 are well represented. The F1 factor divides metals into two opposite groups: on one side arsenic, chromium, copper, lead and nickel (strong positive correlations), and the other, zinc, manganese, cadmium and iron (very strong negative correlations). These metals have an essential contribution in the contamination of sediments. For instance, arsenic, chromium, copper and lead come from the same source which can be agricultural.
Figure 7. Circle of correlations (sediments).
The analysis done from fish samples (table 7 and figure 8) show that the two components F1 and F2 have a total variance of 90.54 %.
Table 7. Correlations between variables and factors for fish samples.
We can see from figure 8 that variables are well represented. This reveals that all metals (except lead) are positively correlated with the F1 axis and most of them are from the same origin (water, sediments…).
Figure 8. Circle of correlations (fish).
Work that we undertook at the edge of Léré lake enabled us to determine heavy metal contents (harmful for health) in water, sediments and fish at various points and seasons.
Results of heavy metal analyses: Cu (0.95-3.90 mg/L), Pb (0.13-0.75 mg/l), Ni (0.40-6.40 mg/l), Cr (0.03-0.50 mg/l), As (0.03-0.18 mg/l), Cd (0.07-0.15 mg/l) and Zn (0.98-15.30 mg/l) as well as data of CDO (26-50 mg/l) and BDO5 (17-34 mg/l) are widely above WHO's standards, and show that water pollution of Léré lake though consumed by surrounding populations is very significant.
The same report can be made from strongly contaminated sediments: Ni (5.9 mg/kg), As (2.71 mg/kg), Cr (6.60 mg/kg), Cd (0.50 mg/kg) and Mn (0.26 mg/kg).
Fish are known as bioaccumulators of micro pollutants. With regard to this, may be taking into account the age and weight of young fish, the concentration of heavy metals in the gills (Cu: 0.54 mg/kg, Ni: 0.10mg/kg, Fe: 0.30 mg/kg and Cd: 0.55 mg/kg) is more significant than in the flesh (Cu: 0.20 mg/kg, Ni: 0.00 mg/kg, Fe: 0.05 mg/kg and Cd: 0.72 mg/kg). Cadmium made the exception.
As no industrial activities is realized around the Léré lake, we think that agriculture, fishing, breeding, rainwater and urban wastewater are the main causes of advanced pollution of water, sediments and fish of this lake.
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Star Wars The Force Awakens: First Actual Clip Revealed Plus New TV Spot
by Jeffrey Harris
in Articles, Film
Disney and Lucasfilm are continuing to step up their promotion for the highly anticipated Star Wars sequel, Star Wars The Force Awakens. During last night's American Music Awards broadcast on ABC, the network aired the first-ever clip from Star Wars The Force Awakens along with yet another new TV spot. You can check out the first clip from the film and the spot, with some new dialogue and footage, in the players below.
In the first clip, there is an actual look at a scene that his been frequently glimpses in TV spots, trailers and photo stills. Finn, Rey and BB-8 are on the run from the forces of the First Order. Finn yells how they can't outrun the bad guys. Rey points out that they can if they board a quad jumper they are running to. Rey reveals that she is a pilot and she can pilot the ship. However, that plan comes to a dramatic halt when the getaway vehicle is blown away by the First Order.
The new TV spot features some new voice-over dialogue from Maz Kanata, apparently speaking to Rey. She says, "Dear child. The belonging you seek is not behind you. It is ahead." This is after Rey references waiting for her family. It seems Maz Kanata might have some telepathic or Force sensitive abilities. It seems the answers the reluctant Rey wants are likely in the adventures that are ahead of her.
The wait for the next Star Wars movie is almost over. Star Wars The Force Awakens arrives in theaters on December 18.
Tags: Live-Actionstar warsStar Wars: The Force Awakens
Jeffrey Harris
Jeffrey Harris, a movie, TV, video game, pop-culture, and UFC/MMA aficionado, resides in Los Angeles, California. He is a graduate of The University of Texas at Austin's Radio, TV, Film program. Jeffrey is a dedicated pop-culture geek and UT Orange Blood.

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Ohio's daily coronavirus cases top 1,000 for first time since April
THAT'S ONE WAY TO RUN THIS DEVIL DOWN. BUT THE MOST IMPORTANT THING WE CAN DO IS WHAT INDIVIDUAL OHIOANS DO. AND AS LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR WAS SAYING A MOMENT AGO, YOU KNOW, IF WE WANT TO BE ABLE TO GO OUT AND LIVE OUR LIVES, THIS MASK IS A SYMBOL OF FREEDOM. IT'S A SYMBOL OF FREEDOM. IF WE WEAR THESE, IF WE GET 75% TO 80% OF THE PEOPLE OUT IN PUBLIC WHO ARE WEARING THIS MASK, WE ARE GOING TO SEE THESE NUMBERS GET BETTER. AND ANY KIND OF THING THAT WE MIGHT DO THAT YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT, WE WI
For the first time since late April, Ohio has reported more than 1,000 coronavirus cases in a single day. Ohio reported 1,076 new confirmed and probable cases of COVID-19 Wednesday. It's the first time more than 1,000 cases were reported in a single day since April 20 (1,317).Thirteen new deaths were also reported across the state, bringing the total virus death toll to 2,876.It's the latest in a troubling trend across the state. Confirmed cases have been growing across the state this week, and the state's top officials said it's not just due to an increase in testing. The trend is particularly apparent in southwest Ohio, Gov. Mike DeWine said Monday, doubling down on what he called "disturbing trends" in southwest Ohio, notably Hamilton County and the surrounding area."We remain concerned about Hamilton and Montgomery counties," the governor said. "I was on a call with Vice President Mike Pence and the White House today, and they specifically discussed these two counties. They told us they would give us additional help in these two communities."At the end of May and into early June, Hamilton County was holding steady, at an average of 30 cases per day per 100,000 population, the governor said.As of this past week, the average new cases per day has increased to approximately 100 cases per 100,000."Due to the delayed diagnosis, these numbers may continue to grow for this reporting period," DeWine said Monday. "By reviewing other health care indicators, we can see that this is not solely because of increased testing."For example, the governor said more people are visiting their doctors more often and being diagnosed with COVID-19."In one week's time in Hamilton County between June 15 and June 22, those numbers nearly doubled from 40 to 78 visits per day," the governor said.Additionally, Hamilton County is seeing an increase in additional utilization of other health care, services.In the county and the surrounding Southwestern Ohio region, the governor said hospital utilization by COVID-19 positive patients reached their lowest levels of this epidemic during the first and second weeks of June. The number of COVID-positive patients being treated in standard hospital beds, ICU beds, and on ventilators has steadily increased."In fact, in Hamilton County, the number of COVID-positive patients has doubled from the low of 65 on June 11 to more than 130 this weekend," DeWine said.The governor echoed a similar worrisome trend for Montgomery County and the Dayton area, saying there is a noticeable increase in cases over the last month from an average of about 10 cases a day at the end of May, to about 40 cases a day in the most recent week.
COLUMBUS, Ohio —
For the first time since late April, Ohio has reported more than 1,000 coronavirus cases in a single day.
Ohio reported 1,076 new confirmed and probable cases of COVID-19 Wednesday. It's the first time more than 1,000 cases were reported in a single day since April 20 (1,317).
Thirteen new deaths were also reported across the state, bringing the total virus death toll to 2,876.
It's the latest in a troubling trend across the state.
Confirmed cases have been growing across the state this week, and the state's top officials said it's not just due to an increase in testing.
The trend is particularly apparent in southwest Ohio, Gov. Mike DeWine said Monday, doubling down on what he called "disturbing trends" in southwest Ohio, notably Hamilton County and the surrounding area.
"We remain concerned about Hamilton and Montgomery counties," the governor said. "I was on a call with Vice President Mike Pence and the White House today, and they specifically discussed these two counties. They told us they would give us additional help in these two communities."
At the end of May and into early June, Hamilton County was holding steady, at an average of 30 cases per day per 100,000 population, the governor said.
As of this past week, the average new cases per day has increased to approximately 100 cases per 100,000.
"Due to the delayed diagnosis, these numbers may continue to grow for this reporting period," DeWine said Monday. "By reviewing other health care indicators, we can see that this is not solely because of increased testing."
For example, the governor said more people are visiting their doctors more often and being diagnosed with COVID-19.
"In one week's time in Hamilton County between June 15 and June 22, those numbers nearly doubled from 40 to 78 visits per day," the governor said.
Additionally, Hamilton County is seeing an increase in additional utilization of other health care, services.
In the county and the surrounding Southwestern Ohio region, the governor said hospital utilization by COVID-19 positive patients reached their lowest levels of this epidemic during the first and second weeks of June. The number of COVID-positive patients being treated in standard hospital beds, ICU beds, and on ventilators has steadily increased.
"In fact, in Hamilton County, the number of COVID-positive patients has doubled from the low of 65 on June 11 to more than 130 this weekend," DeWine said.
The governor echoed a similar worrisome trend for Montgomery County and the Dayton area, saying there is a noticeable increase in cases over the last month from an average of about 10 cases a day at the end of May, to about 40 cases a day in the most recent week.


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An Infamous Betrayal: A Regency Cozy (Beatrice Hyde-Clare Mysteries #3) by Lynn Messina (2019)
Having solved the two murders that somehow fell in her path, Beatrice Hyde-Clare is on the lookout for a third. Through a absurd quirk of stupid fate, the shy spinster has fallen in love with the thoroughly unattainable Duke of Kesgrave and is desperate for something, anything, to occupy her mind. A dead body would do nicely.
Fortunately for her, a fellow guest from a Lake District house party appears on her doorstep with exactly that: the lover of his fiancée's mother expired after a wretchedly painful episode just that morning in an apparent poisoning. As unorthodox as it is, he would like Bea to investigate rather than calling the authorities.
Bea begins her inquiry into Mr. Wilson's death at once and almost immediately finds herself in the company of Kesgrave, who is as determined as ever to assist her. 'Twas patently unfair, for the whole point of the investigation was to get away from the handsome lord.
Now Bea is faced with the daunting challenge of exposing the villain without revealing her heart.
I've listened to the first three books in this series and I absolutely love it.
The slow burn romance between Beatrice and the Duke is completely charming and lovely to read. The witty banter and comical moments add lots of humour to the story. The 'snuff box' scene at the shop was one of my favourite as it was so funny.
The mystery itself was cleverly plotted and had me guessing to the end.
The conclusion to this third book in the series was hugely enjoyable. The Duke of Kesgrave shows his feelings in a delightfully charming way. His little fit of jealousy had me smiling with delight especially as it occurred at a very opportune time!
I'm really looking forward to listening to the next book in the series.
I love the audio version as the narration is excellent. However the book covers in this series are so pretty I'm planning on collecting the print copies as well for my real life bookshelf.
Buy Links Amazon
Posted by Just Book Talk at 21:43:00 No comments:
The Confessions of Frannie Langton by Sara Collins. Viking (2019)
'They say I must be put to death for what happened to Madame, and they want me to confess. But how can I confess what I don't believe I've done?'
1826, and all of London is in a frenzy. Crowds gather at the gates of the Old Bailey to watch as Frannie Langton, maid to Mr and Mrs Benham, goes on trial for their murder. The testimonies against her are damning - slave, whore, seductress. And they may be the truth. But they are not the whole truth.
For the first time Frannie must tell her story. It begins with a girl learning to read on a plantation in Jamaica, and it ends in a grand house in London, where a beautiful woman waits to be freed.
But through her fevered confessions, one burning question haunts Frannie Langton: could she have murdered the only person she ever loved?
A beautiful and haunting tale about one woman's fight to tell her story, The Confessions of Frannie Langton leads you through laudanum-laced dressing rooms and dark-as-night back alleys, into the enthralling heart of Georgian London.
A dark and suspenseful read. It isn't a simple tale rehashing a litany of abuses suffered by a slave girl. Her story is much more complex than that. The Confessions of Frannie Langton is a compelling read and will have you guessing to the end.
Frannie is a complex character. Yes, she was a slave with no control over her much of her life but when she did have the chance to make any decisions she chose very poorly and with drastic consequences. There were occasions when I felt afraid for Frannie and other occasions when I didn't feel a whole lot of sympathy for her. Maybe this was because a lot of the darker events are alluded to.
The scientific experiments and Frannie's participation in them and in the suffering of others are glossed over and we are never quite sure what's happening behind closed doors. A lot is left to our imagination. The book is to be adapted for TV and so I can imagine that some of the more sordid scenes will be teased out for added drama.
The murder trial at the very end of the book ties all the loose ends together very nicely.
The Confessions of Frannie Langton released on the 4th of April.
Amazon Book Depository
Her Kind, by Niamh Boyce, Penguin Ireland (2019)
Her eagerly awaited new novel from the award-winning author of No 1 bestseller, The Herbalist ('The most entertaining yet substantial historical novel since Joseph O'Connor's Star of the Sea' Irish Times)
1324, Kilkennie
A woman seeks refuge for herself and her daughter in the household of a childhood friend.
The friend, Alice Kytler, gives her former companion a new name, Petronelle, a job as a servant, and warns her to hide their old connection.
In the months that follow Petronelle learns that in the city pride, greed and envy are as dangerous as the wolves that prowl the savage countryside. And she realizes that Alice's household is no place of safety.
Once again, Petronelle decides to flee with her daughter. But this time she confronts forces greater than she could ever have imagined and she finds herself fighting for more than her freedom ...
Inspired by a true story, Her Kind is a tense, moving and atmospheric re-imagining of the events leading up to the Kilkenny Witch Trial of 1324.
'Shines a light on women who have been silenced. This tightly paced novel confirms Boyce as an important voice in Irish literature' Louise O'Neill
'The plot is pacey and menacing, and the writing is clear, sharp and studded with glistening phrases ...a wonderful shout through time' Nuala O'Connor
'Pulls us into a world both seductively alien, yet uneasily, all-too-humanly, familiar' Mia Gallagher
'Niamh Boyce has taken a bleak and dismal period and sent a bolt of beautiful and revealing light into the darkness' John MacKenna
'Moving and atmospheric' Irish Country Magazine
The Kilkenny Witch Trial of 1324 and the story Alice Kytler and her maidservant Petronelle was a slice of Irish history of which I had no previous knowledge. My graduate studies were centred on the 1500's to the the twentieth century but this book has really inspired me to learn more about our medieval past.
I found it fascinating that a woman like Alice could be so successful and powerful in her time. She was married four times, was a moneylender and held considerable wealth. Was she typical for her time? How many other women had such powerful roles in medieval Ireland?
Unfortunately it was inevitable that the Catholic Church's 'Empire of Misogyny' would clash with women like Alice in Irish society.
The story opens with one of the final scenes in the book. The story then jumps back to the events that led to the witch trial. It is told through the voices of three different characters- Alice, Petronelle, and her daughter Basilia. The character I had most sympathy with was Petronelle. She had a very interesting and mysterious background and her main concern was to protect her daughter.
Alice Kytler on the other hand was self serving and opportunistic.
There is a general feeling of doom all the way through this book. The combination of religious zealousness, superstition and jealousy made for a powder keg ready to explode.
The author does a great job of combining historical fact with fictional embellishments and it makes for one riveting and thought provoking tale; one I won't easily forget and will put aside to read again.
Buy links Amazon Book Depository
An Infamous Betrayal: A Regency Cozy (Beatrice Hyd...
The Confessions of Frannie Langton by Sara Collins...


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Heat beat Cavs twice in three nights, Bogut breaks leg in debut
Associated Press— March 9, 2017
By TOM WITHERS
CLEVELAND — LeBron James didn't need to speak with Andrew Bogut or see the X-rays on the center's leg.
"I heard it break," he said. "I heard it crack."
In an ugly instant, Cleveland lost much more than a game Monday night.
Bogut broke his left leg less than one minute into his debut and the Cavaliers never recovered while being outgunned 106-98 by the surging and not-to-be- overlooked Miami Heat, who beat the NBA champions twice in three nights.
Dion Waiters scored 29 points, Goran Dragic added 21 and the Heat held off a late rally by the Cavs, who trimmed a 20- point deficit to 103-98 in the final minute. It could have gotten tighter but James missed a long 3-pointer before Waiters banked one in with 12.2 seconds left.
However, Miami's latest impressive win was overshadowed by the injury to Bogut, who only signed with Cleveland last week and had been welcomed to the team earlier in the day by being given jersey No. 6.5 – a joke that made the big Australian smile.
Now, though, the Cavs don't know when or if Bogut will be able to help defend their title.
"It's very deflating," James said. "It's a tough moment. We all were excited about the acquisition, you know, bring him in here. It's a tough one, not only obviously for him, first of all, but then for our ballclub."
Kyrie Irving scored 32 and James had 30 points and 17 rebounds for Cleveland, which was beaten by 22 on Saturday in Miami while James and Irving got some rest.
The Heat have won 19 of 23, including victories over Golden State, Houston and two over the Cavs, who may have to find another rim protector. The 32-year-old Bogut was on the court for just 58 seconds before going down with the injury, a devastating blow to the former No. 1 overall pick who spent the past four seasons with Golden State was hoping to meet with the Warriors again.
Bogut was on the perimeter guarding Miami's Okaro White, whose knee connected with the center's lower leg. Bogut crumpled to the floor in obvious pain and as he sat up near the scorer's table, TV cameras caught him telling his teammates his leg was broken.
James knew it already.
"As soon as the collision happened I heard it break," James said. "I went over to him and I knew it."
Bogut was unable to put any weight on his leg as he was helped to the locker room by new teammates Tristan Thompson and James Jones. The Cavs said initial X-rays revealed a fractured tibia and Bogut was taken to the Cleveland Clinic for further tests.
It was a cruel setback for Bogut, who just a little earlier was cracking jokes about Vladimir Putin and talking about house shopping in his new NBA home.
Bogut's injury sent a chill through the Cleveland crowd and seemed to affect the Cavs, who were without coach Tyronn Lue and were out of rhythm even before the big man dropped to the floor clutching his leg in obvious pain.
"It took the air out of the whole building," James said. "You heard it from the fans when he went down and we was just hoping for the best."
Miami's win on Saturday ended with injured Cavs guard J.R. Smith being restrained and escorted from the floor by security after jawing with Waiters and Heat rookie Rodney McGruder.
There was no carry-over – other than the Heat having their way with the Cavs for most of the night.
"We believe in ourselves first and foremost," Waiters said. "If other people don't, I think we did a good job of opening their eyes by the way we've been playing. We've just got to continue to fly under the radar, just keep piling wins up and make that push."
TIP-INS
Heat: Dropped 16 3s after making a season-high 18 on Saturday. … F Luke Babbitt did not play after the first quarter because of back spasms. … F James Johnson (elbow stitches) and G Tyler Johnson (sore neck, shoulder) sat out with injuries. … Miami came in allowing a league-low 23.8 points and 41.7 percent shooting in the fourth quarter.
Cavaliers: Smith may be just days away from his return after missing nearly three months following thumb surgery. He played some 3-on-3 before the game. Kevin Love moved remarkably well while doing agility and shooting drills following the team's morning shootaround.
The All-Star underwent surgery on Feb. 14 and the team estimated he could be out up to six weeks. … Irving has scored at least 20 in 12 consecutive games.
HOT WAITERS
Perhaps still riled up over his exchange with Smith, Waiters seemed motivated to punish his former team and scored 24 in the first half.
"Guys like that, you can't let them get going," said Cavs assistant Larry Drew, who sat in for Lue. "They make a couple shots and the basket starts looking a little bigger and bigger and bigger."
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About the Author Associated Press
Heat must use offseason to figure out how to improve
Staff Report, April 26, 2018
Wade turns back the clock and 76ers in Game 2 Heat victory
Associated Press, April 19, 2018
Richardson's 21, Ellington's 3s help Heat beat Hawks 104-93


While many Hollywood actors chose to don ribbons and pins to protest the current political situation in America, President Trump's policies had an an even more tangible effect on the 2017 Oscars, one that largely went unseen until it came time to distribute the awards. Anousheh Ansari, the first female astronaut from the private sector send to space and Firouz Naderi, a former director at NASA to accept the Best Foreign Film award on Sunday night in the name of the film's director, Asghar Farhadi. By far, The Salesman director's statement at the Oscars, which referenced Trump's controversial refugee ban, was one of the most powerful speeches of the evening. And it wasn't even the director who gave it.
The director, Farhadi, who is Iranian, originally planned to attend the ceremony and travel to the United States in an effort to shine some light on "the unjust circumstances that have arisen for the immigrants and travellers of several countries to the United States." But the 44-year-old director decided to stay put instead, since he believed that the conditions to get a travel visa to enter the United States were unacceptable.
Instead, he asked Ansari, who was the first Iranian woman to go into space, to accept the award on his behalf. She did not mince her friend's words when it came to speaking out about the current American administration's plans to restrict immigration and travel to the United States.
It was the second time that Farhadi had been nominated. Ansari said on his behalf that his absence was out of respect for everyone who has been barred entry to the United States due to what he believes is an "inhumane law that bans entry of immigrants to the U.S."
He told The Guardian in an interview, along with London mayor Sadiq Khan, "We are all citizens of the world and I will endeavor to protect and spread this unity."
It's a great honor to be receiving this valuable award for the second time. I would like to thank the members of the academy, my crew in Iran, my producer, Amazon, and my fellow nominees.
I'm sorry I'm not with you tonight. My absence is out of respect for the people of my country and those of other six nations whom have been disrespected by the inhuman law that bans entry of immigrants to the US. Dividing the world into the "us" and "our enemies" categories creates fear. A deceitful justification for aggression and war. These wars prevent democracy and human rights in countries which have themselves been victims of aggression. Filmmakers can turn their cameras to capture shared human qualities and break stereotypes of various nationalities and religions. They create empathy between us and others. An empathy which we need today more than ever.
Although he wasn't there to accept his award, Farhadi's message was hopefully heard by the attendees at the ceremony and anyone at home watching wondering why the director wasn't able to bring himself to show up to accept his award.


# This software is Copyright (c) 2016 by Dominique Dumont.
are not available on the system.
must have sudo configured properly.
This command exits 1 if some required dependencies are not available as Debian packages.


text:
class WikiHouse::ImperialPlywood2332Sheet < WikiHouse::ImperialPlywood34Sheet

  def thickness
    Sk.round(23.0/32.0)
  end

end


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Viber brings virtual local phone numbers for US, Canada, and the UK
Michail, 08 April 2019
Android Apps Online services
Viber claims 1 billion registered users, making it one of the largest chat apps in the world and today the company announced its latest feature - Viber Local Number (VLN). Viber will allow you to get a local based virtual landline or mobile number where anyone can call you at local rates. For now, the service is limited to inbound calls and texts but is scheduled to offer outward capabilities in the near future. Viber is rolling out the service in the US, Canada, and the UK with more countries coming soon.
To set up the new feature, you need to head over to the settings menu of the Viber app and select "Viber Local Number". Then you can choose your preferred country, area code, and receive your virtual phone number.
Viber does not specify if the number is predetermined or if you can select it. After validating that you will be prompted to select a subscription, which starts at $4.99 per month. The first 10,000 users will benefit from a reduced lifetime price of $1.99 per month.
Once everything is set up, as long as you are connected to mobile data or Wi-Fi you will able to receive regular phone calls and texts free of charge. The person calling you will have to pay according to their rates to your selected country. According to Viber, the new service is catered towards frequent travelers who want to keep in touch with family and friends from abroad and business people who need to be connected to their local or foreign clients at all times. Transferring a VLN number to a different Viber account is also possible.
For now, the main caveat of the whole service is that it does not allow outward bound calls and texts but Viber claims these features will be added in the near future. The new service is available on both Android and iOS - including tablets. You can pay for your VLN subscription via Google Play or credit card on Android while Apple users will be limited to making the payment through the App Store.
Viber gets dark mode on Android
Viber 10 brings new UI and performance improvements
Viber introduces Secret Messages
Viber launches public accounts, letting you connect with businesses
robbie wilson
r2M
I will prefer to use a Local phone number from voip provider who gives lots of exciting offers
LG Superfan
6Qb
Registered users does not mean active users
hmm..let see how we can make more money..oo...i know, let make VLN and charge them for that, 1 bilion x 4.99 ....nice money arrive, but not from me:)))


text:
Glyphipterix gypsonota is een vlinder uit de familie van de parelmotten (Glyphipterigidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1926 door Turner.

Parelmotten

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Medlife Foundation has made it possible to have the right to achieve smile on children's face. Even though India's children account for more than one-third of its population, their interests and rights have never been given priority. And mostly in rural parts have been found still living with their cleft deformities as it is. The task before us is huge and we at Medlife Foundation believe that for the real change to take place, everyone of us should be the part of this global mission to change the lives of this children.
Our extended programs of reaching out to the rural and tribal parts have helped us spread more than thousands of smile to the needy population. Corrective surgeries have made those children to attend schools now and many of them have now streamlined with normal life and are happily living indeed.
There are life touching moments at Medlife Foundation where operated patients met in ward at Foundation and have resulted into marriage where both girl and boy got operated at Foundation. Surgery of Son and Father on the same day and same way surgery of son and mother at Center. This is one story where you can see the Impact of cleft lip and palate surgeries in people's life.
Well the reality may be far from the ideal plan, but we at Medlife Foundation believe that every child has the right to smile and we want to make this world a cleft free place.


Better Roofing With Travis in Aptos, CA specializes in storm damage restoration, roofing, chimney caps, stair remodel, tile & grout cleaning work. They have been in business for 22 years. Better Roofing With Travis has worked on projects similar to Water Damage in San Jose, Kitchen Restoration in Salinas, and Hardwood Floor Repair in San Jose.
Costs for projects in Aptos, CA can average $2382. Project sizes can range from $150 to over $13800. When planning for your project, make sure to get multiple quotes and compare. Please note these are sample averages and to get accurate prices an estimate is needed from Better Roofing With Travis.
Sent 328 online quotes. 100% response rate.


text:
Another sheep killed by mysterious animal in Cuttack
Edited By Saswat Singhdeo Published By Rojalin Mishra Last updated Dec 25, 2018 - 1:15 PM
Cuttack: Two days after 15 sheep were killed by an unidentified animal at Gopal Sahi near Naraj area in the district, another sheep was found dead in the same area today.
As per reports, the sheep was found dead inside the cattle shed of one Kailash Sahu.
The locals alleged that despite the presence of forest department team, who were carrying out the chasing operation to drive away the elephant at CDA, the sheep was killed.
Meanwhile, panic has gripped the residents in the area following the death of the sheep.
In a similar incident last year, a mysterious animal had killed more than 36 sheep in separate incidents in Niali village of Cuttack.


text:
Who Is The Biggest Drug Cartel In Colombia Now?
Are Los Zetas still active?
How much is El Chapo worth?
Which cartel is still active in Colombia?
Who is the biggest drug cartel now?
Who is the richest drug dealer in the world?
Who runs the Sinaloa cartel now?
Is Colombia a narco state?
Are drugs legal in Colombia?
Who is the biggest drug lord in Colombia today?
What is the biggest cartel in Colombia?
Who is the biggest drug lord 2019?
Who is the current drug lord in Colombia?
Who is Felix Gallardo wife?
Over time, many of the Zetas' original thirty-one members have been killed or arrested; a number of younger men have filled the vacuum, but the group as currently extant remains far from the efficiency of their paramilitary origins..
Joaquín "El Chapo" GuzmánBornJoaquín Archivaldo Guzmán Loera 4 April 1957 La Tuna, Badiraguato Municipality, Sinaloa, MexicoOther namesEl Chapo (Shorty) El Rápido (Speedy)OccupationLeader of Sinaloa CartelNet worthU.S. $2–$4 billion (2016 estimate)16 more rows
Criminal organizations in Colombia, including Escobar's Medellín Cartel and the now largely demobilized Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – FARC), have for years forged alliances with Mexican groups to transport cocaine into the United States.
the Sinaloa CartelAs of 2017, the Sinaloa Cartel is the most active drug cartel involved in smuggling illicit drugs into the United States and trafficking them throughout the country.
1. Pablo Escobar: $30 Billion – Topping the list of the richest drug lords. The notorious narcoterrorist and drug lord from Colombia was born Pablo Emilion Escobar Gaviria. He was the leader of a cartel known to have smuggled 80% of the cocaine in the United States.
Zambada headed the Sinaloa Cartel in partnership with Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán, until 2016 when El Chapo was captured. Zambada has now possibly assumed full command of the Sinaloa Cartel. Zambada is likely Mexico's most enduring and powerful drug lord.
Examples of some narco-states are described below. Other well-known examples are Mexico, Colombia, and Guinea-Bissau, where drug cartels produce, ship and sell drugs such as cocaine and marijuana. The term is often seen as ambiguous because of the differentiation between narco-states.
Selling and exporting such drugs has long been illegal in Colombia. But laws on drug use had become more flexible since the 1990s and high court rulings allow Colombians to carry small amounts of marijuana and cocaine. Duque said the new measure will protect children from traffickers who sell drugs near schools.
Guzmán is the kingpin of the Sinaloa Cartel, the source of the largest percentage of drugs imported into the United States every year: cocaine, marijuana, methamphetamine, and heroin, all delivered by the ton through elaborate land and air distribution channels.
Medellín CartelMedellín Cartel (1976–1993) The Medellín Cartel led by Pablo Escobar established a ruthless organization, kidnapping or murdering those who interfered with its objectives.
Joaquín Guzmán LoeraAnd Joaquín Guzmán Loera, convicted last week of being the world's biggest drug lord and leader of crime's mightiest syndicate, Mexico's Sinaloa cartel, became famous as "El Chapo".
A notorious murderer who worked for Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar has died of stomach cancer, Colombian officials say. Jhon Jairo Velásquez, who boasted of killing 300 people for Escobar, was 57.
María Elvira MurilloMiguel Ángel Félix Gallardo/Spouse
Question: What Are 2 Examples Of Waves We Can See?
What are two examples of waves we can see?
Quick Answer: What Are Different Types Of Capacitors Used For?
What type of capacitor should I use? The general rule
Can I Put On Weight In 2 Days?
Can you gain 5 pounds in 2 days? Let'
Question: What Are Stilllife Images?
When did still life photography begin? 17th centuryStill
Question: How Do I Create A Fillable PDF Form?
How do I get more templates in Word? You can download


text:
Houston Texans, NFL
Houston Texans 2019 Season Preview
Photo Credit: Chron / Brett Coomer
Date: August 19, 2019Author: Greg Williams 0 Comments
Key Additions: Duke Johnson Jr., Tashaun Gipson, Bradley Roby, Matt Kalil, A.J. McCarron, Jaheel Addae, Tytus Howard, Lonnie Johnson Jr., Max Scharping, Kahale Warring
Key Returns: N/A
Key Departures: Tyrann Mathieu, Kareem Jackson, Kendall Lamm, Kevin Johnson, Demaryius Thomas, Ryan Griffin, Christian Covington
Week 1 Sept. 9th 7:10 PM ET @ New Orleans Saints (ESPN)
Week 2 Sept. 15th 1:00 PM ET vs. Jacksonville Jaguars (CBS)
Week 3 Sept. 22nd 4:25 PM ET @ Los Angeles Chargers (CBS)
Week 4 Sept. 29th 1:00 PM ET vs. Carolina Panthers (FOX)
Week 5 Oct. 6th 1:00 PM ET vs. Atlanta Falcons (FOX)
Week 6 Oct. 13th 1:00 PM ET @ Kansas City Chiefs (CBS)
Week 7 Oct. 20th 1:00 PM ET @ Indianapolis Colts (CBS)
Week 8 Oct. 27th 1:00 PM ET vs. Oakland Raiders (CBS)
Week 9 Nov. 3rd 9:30 AM ET @ Jacksonville Jaguars (NFL)*
Week 10 Bye Week
Week 11 Nov. 17th 1:00 PM ET @ Baltimore Ravens (CBS)
Week 12 Nov. 21th 8:20 PM ET vs. Indianapolis Colts (FOX)
Week 13 Dec. 1st 8:20 PM ET vs. New England Patriots (NBC)
Week 14 Dec. 8th 1:00 PM ET vs. Denver Broncos (CBS)
Week 15 Dec. 15th 1:00 PM ET @ Tennessee Titans (CBS)
Week 16 Dec. 22nd TBD @ Tampa Bay Buccaneers (CBS)
Week 17 Dec. 29th 1:00 PM ET vs. Tennessee Titans (CBS)
*Game in London
The Houston Texans had a solid year finishing 11-5 with a division title, but their season ended in the Wild Card to the Indianapolis Colts 21-7. Last year were a Super Bowl contending team because they seem like they had all the pieces. They had a good quarterback, good running back, good receiving core, and an amazing defense. Unfortunately, the weakest part of the team was exposed with the offensive line and injuries started to pile up throughout the season.
(The Fantasy Authority / Kevin Steele)
Watson was sacked 65 times last year, which was the most in the NFL. Watson is a special player, if the offensive line could give him enough time, things could get nasty for opposing defenses. More importantly, the Texans offensive line needs to keep Watson healthy and right now I don't trust them to do that, especially since they named Matt Kalil the starting LT.
(Texans Wire / Anthony R. Wood)
Besides Watson and the offensive line, this team is great talent. DeAndre Hopkins is arguably the best receiver in the game, paired up with speedy Will Fuller V, Keke Coutee, Lamar Miller, and newly acquired Duke Johnson Jr. The weapons on offense for the Texans is scary for any Defensve Coordinator to game plan against, but they are licking their chops when the face a terrible offensive line.
(FTW – USA Today / Charles Curtis)
Defensively, the Texans should see another great year out of this unit as in 2018 they allowed 19.8 points (4th). J.J. Watt led the team with 16 sacks and is still one of the most dominate defensive ends in the league. Whitney Mercilus finished third on the team with four sacks. Zach Cunningham had a solid year by leading the team in tackles with 73, followed by Justin Reid and Kareem Jackson with 70. This defense will also make your turn the ball over as they recorded 29 takeaways (4th) with 15 interceptions (T-9th) and 14 fumbles (T-1st). Jackson did leave in free agency, but the Texans brought in a nice replacement with Bradley Roby who recorded 50 tackles and an interception in Denver last year.
(GQ – Luke Darby)
The only question mark on this team is… what is going to happen with Jadeveon Clowney? Clowney is still holding out and coming from reports, he could be traded. Clowney has been a big part of the Texans defense in 2018 as he recorded the second most sacks on the team with nine. That production is going to be missed, but the Texans could get a nice return like a package involving first round picks, or some other offers that could help their offensive line.
(FTW – USA Today – Steven Ruiz)
The Texans are poised for another big year as they have the talent on both sides of the ball. This is still a Super Bowl contending team, but it's going to come down to the offensive line.
Published by Greg Williams
Student at North Central College in Naperville, IL. Voice of North Central Athletics on WONC 89.1 FM. Sports writer for North Central's Chronicle. Giving you hot takes on the freshest topics happening in sports	View all posts by Greg Williams
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2017 filled my camera (and my heart) with love in all stages of life. From watching a baby come into the world, to celebrating in 50 years of marriage; I am so very humbled and grateful to have been a part of your incredible stories this year.
I hope and pray that 2018 brings more adventures - the wonderfully sweet everyday kind, and the blow your mind amazing kind too. Each one is equally important in telling your beautiful story.


Is there an elementary proof that there are infinitely many primes that are *not* completely split in an abelian extension?
Does anyone recognize this inequality?
Is the following recursion formula for $\zeta(2n)$ known?
How often does the Mertens function vanish?


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Combining Atlantic and imperial perspectives, Caribbean New Orleans offers a lively portrait of the city and a probing investigation of the French colonists who established racial slavery there as well as the African slaves who were forced to toil for them. Casting early New Orleans as a Caribbean outpost of the French Empire rather than as a North American frontier town, Cécile Vidal reveals the persistent influence of the Antilles, especially Saint-Domingue, which shaped the city's development through the eighteenth century. In so doing, she urges us to rethink our usual divisions of racial systems into mainland and Caribbean categories.
Drawing on New Orleans's rich court records as a way to capture the words and actions of its inhabitants, Vidal takes us into the city's streets, market, taverns, church, hospitals, barracks, and households. She explores the challenges that slow economic development, Native American proximity, imperial rivalry, and the urban environment posed to a social order that was predicated on slave labor and racial hierarchy. White domination, Vidal demonstrates, was woven into the fabric of New Orleans from its founding. This comprehensive history of urban slavery locates Louisiana's capital on a spectrum of slave societies that stretched across the Americas and provides a magisterial overview of racial discourses and practices during the formative years of North America's most intriguing city.
Caribbean New Orleans
Empire, Race, and the Making of a Slave Society
Cloth Price: $49.95 ADD TO CART