text:
Q: The type of a struct that conforms to a generic protocol with an associated type that is also a protocol This is very hard to put into words but I've created a minimal example.
Here is a gist if you'd prefer... https://gist.github.com/anonymous/67d83fb2f286cf84539b58be96a971d3
The "data item" protocol
I have a protocol which defines Sortable objects with a property number like so.
protocol Sortable: Comparable {
    var number: Int {get}

    static func < (lhs:Self, rhs: Self) -> Bool
    static func == (lhs:Self, rhs: Self) -> Bool
}

struct BasicSortable: Sortable {
    let number: Int

    static func < (lhs:BasicSortable, rhs: BasicSortable) -> Bool {
        return lhs.number < rhs.number
    }

    static func == (lhs:BasicSortable, rhs: BasicSortable) -> Bool {
        return lhs.number == rhs.number
    }
}

The "worker" protocol
Then I have a protocol that can do something with these Sortable types. But because it has a Self requirement it needs to be defined as a protocol with an associated type and in the structs as generic property...
protocol Sorter {
    associatedtype Item: Sortable

    func sort(items: [Item]) -> [Item]
}

// Two different sorters
struct AscendingSorter<T:Sortable>: Sorter {
    typealias Item = T

    func sort(items: [T]) -> [T] {
        return items.sorted()
    }
}

struct DescendingSorter<T:Sortable>: Sorter {
    typealias Item = T

    func sort(items: [T]) -> [T] {
        return items.sorted{$0 > $1}
    }
}

The handler
Finally a struct that pulls everything together...
struct DataHandler<T: Sortable> {
    let items: [T]
    let sortedItems: [T]

    init(unsortedItems: [T]) {
        items = unsortedItems

        let sorter = AscendingSorter<T>()
        sortedItems = sorter.sort(items: unsortedItems)
    }
}

Making it all work
This all works.
let array = [
    BasicSortable(number: 1),
    BasicSortable(number: 8),
    BasicSortable(number: 13),
    BasicSortable(number: 3),
    BasicSortable(number: 4),
    BasicSortable(number: 14),
    BasicSortable(number: 5),
    BasicSortable(number: 12),
    BasicSortable(number: 3),
]

let handler = DataHandler(unsortedItems: array)

handler.sortedItems

This prints out the array of items in the correct order depending on what type of sorter I create in the Handler
The problem
What I'm trying to do now is to find a property declaration for this sorter struct that can take ANY Sorter type into it but everything I have tried in doing that has failed so far.
Is there a way to do this?
In the struct I'd like to have...
let sorter: SomeTypeHere

And then in the init set it like...
sorter = AscendingSorter()

but no combination I have tried in doing this has worked.
Thanks

A: You could use type erasure to implement your own AnySorter.
Starting with your own code from above:
protocol Sortable: Comparable {
    var number: Int {get}

    /* as Hamish mentions in his answer:
       < and == already blueprinted in Comparable and Equatable */
}

protocol Sorter {
    associatedtype Item: Sortable

    func sort(items: [Item]) -> [Item]
}

Construct an AnySorter:
struct AnySorter<Item: Sortable>: Sorter {
    private let _sort: ([Item]) -> [Item]

    init<S: Sorter where S.Item == Item>(_ sorter: S) {
        _sort = sorter.sort
    }

    func sort(items: [Item]) -> [Item] {
        return _sort(items)
    }
}

Which you make use of e.g. as an argument to the initializer in your DataHandler:
struct DataHandler<T: Sortable> {
    let items: [T]
    let sortedItems: [T]

    init(unsortedItems: [T], sorter: AnySorter<T>) {
        items = unsortedItems
        sortedItems = sorter.sort(items: unsortedItems)
    }
}

Your handler can now be used with a type erased AnySorter applied to your Sortable types. E.g., for the two simple sorters you've supplied in your question:
struct AscendingSorter<T:Sortable>: Sorter {
    typealias Item = T

    func sort(items: [T]) -> [T] {
        return items.sorted()
    }
}

struct DescendingSorter<T:Sortable>: Sorter {
    typealias Item = T

    func sort(items: [T]) -> [T] {
        return items.sorted{$0 > $1}
    }
}

/* example usage */
extension Int: Sortable {
    var number: Int { return self }
}

let arr = [1, 4, 2, 8, 3]

let dataHandlerDesc = DataHandler(unsortedItems: arr, sorter: AnySorter(DescendingSorter()))
print(dataHandlerDesc.sortedItems) // [8, 4, 3, 2, 1]

let dataHandlerAsc = DataHandler(unsortedItems: arr, sorter: AnySorter(AscendingSorter()))
print(dataHandlerAsc.sortedItems) // [1, 2, 3, 4, 8]

Edit addition to answer your comment:

Is it possible to take the input parameter and store it in a property?
  Would I just use AnySorter<T> as the type of the property?

Yes, you can keep a property in DataHandler with type AnySorter. E.g., for a contrived example, we can let sortedItems be a computed property that makes use of an AnySorter instance to sort a stored list of items (of course in reality we don't want to do this re-sorting for each call, but for this example only!):
struct DataHandler<T: Sortable> {
    let items: [T]
    var sortedItems: [T] { return sorter.sort(items: items) }
    var sorter: AnySorter<T>

    init(unsortedItems: [T], sorter: AnySorter<T>) {
        items = unsortedItems
        self.sorter = sorter
    }

    mutating func changeSorter(newSorter: AnySorter<T>) {
        sorter = newSorter
    }
}

/* example usage */
extension Int: Sortable {
    var number: Int { return self }
}

let arr = [1, 4, 2, 8, 3]

var dataHandler = DataHandler(unsortedItems: arr, sorter: AnySorter(DescendingSorter()))
print(dataHandler.sortedItems) // [8, 4, 3, 2, 1]

dataHandler.changeSorter(newSorter: AnySorter(AscendingSorter()))
print(dataHandler.sortedItems) // [1, 2, 3, 4, 8]

A: If an instance of a given type that conforms to Sorter can deal with any homogenous array of elements that conform to Sortable (if it's restricted to a single concrete type, then @dfri's answer has got you covered) – then Sorter need not have an associatedtype in the first place. You could simply make the sort(items:) method generic instead, which would allow you to use Sorter as a type.
Also if your sort(items:) method doesn't utilise any instance state (it doesn't in your example code), then you could make it static – and simply pass around the types of sorters, instead of instances.
For example, your Sortable protocol, and BasicSortable implementation:
protocol Sortable : Comparable {
    var number : Int { get }

    // note that you don't need to re-define the < and == operator requirements,
    // as they're already defined by Comparable and Equatable
}

struct BasicSortable : Sortable {

    let number : Int

    static func < (lhs:BasicSortable, rhs: BasicSortable) -> Bool {
        return lhs.number < rhs.number
    }

    static func == (lhs:BasicSortable, rhs: BasicSortable) -> Bool {
        return lhs.number == rhs.number
    }
}

Your Sorter protocol, and different sorter implementations:
protocol Sorter {

    // A sort function that can take any homogenous array of a given
    // Sortable element (meaning that an instance of a type that conforms to
    // Sorter isn't restricted to a single concrete type of Sortable).
    // As the function doesn't rely on any instance state, it's static.
    static func sort<T:Sortable>(items: [T]) -> [T]
}

// Two different sorters
enum AscendingSorter : Sorter {
    static func sort<T:Sortable>(items: [T]) -> [T] {
        return items.sorted(by: <)
    }
}

enum DescendingSorter : Sorter {
    static func sort<T:Sortable>(items: [T]) -> [T] {
        return items.sorted(by: >)
    }
}

And finally, your DataHandler with an example usage:
struct DataHandler<T: Sortable> {

    let items: [T]
    private(set) var sortedItems: [T]

    var sorter : Sorter.Type { // simply hold a given type of sorter
        willSet {
            if sorter != newValue {
                // re-sort items upon (different) sorter being set
                sortedItems = newValue.sort(items: items)
            }
        }
    }

    init(unsortedItems: [T], sorter: Sorter.Type) {
        items = unsortedItems
        self.sorter = sorter
        sortedItems = sorter.sort(items: unsortedItems)
    }
}

let items = [BasicSortable(number: 2), BasicSortable(number: 4), BasicSortable(number: 6),
             BasicSortable(number: 1), BasicSortable(number: 4)]

var handler = DataHandler(unsortedItems: items, sorter: AscendingSorter.self)
print(handler.sortedItems)

// [BasicSortable(number: 1), BasicSortable(number: 2), BasicSortable(number: 4),
//  BasicSortable(number: 4), BasicSortable(number: 6)]

handler.sorter = DescendingSorter.self
print(handler.sortedItems)

// [BasicSortable(number: 6), BasicSortable(number: 4), BasicSortable(number: 4),
//  BasicSortable(number: 2), BasicSortable(number: 1)]

A: Your sorter property can't be declared as a regular Sorter because, as you pointed out, it has a Self requirement, but I believe you can do it if you add a second type argument to your DataHandler, so that it looks like
struct DataHandler<T: Sortable, S: Sorter> {
    let items: [T]
    let sortedItems: [T]
    let sorter: S

    init(unsortedItems: [T], sorter: S) {
        items = unsortedItems

        self.sorter = sorter
        sortedItems = self.sorter.sort(items: unsortedItems)
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
What a day to be a Boston Sports Fan
I am not a Boston sports fan but that doesn't mean I didn't appreciate the day that the city had yesterday. Starting with the Pats game at 4 o'clock and ending with a walk-off Red Sox win at 11:30, fans were taken on an emotional 8 and a half hour roller coaster ride that only sports can provide.
The Red Sox and Pats both completed amazing and unlikely comebacks to secure victories in the most dramatic of fashions. Even though I have no rooting interest in either team, it was a reminder of why I love sports so much and the thrills that fandom can provide. Following along with fellow sports fans on Twitter only enhanced my viewing experience.
You gotta love sports.
— Adam Schein (@AdamSchein) October 13, 2013
That was all that needed to be said. That tweet came after Tom Brady completed a game-winning touchdown pass to Kenbrell Tompkins with 5 seconds left. It was Brady's third attempt to lead his team down the field for a game-winning drive. After failing to get a first down on the first attempt and throwing an interception on the second, many fans began to leave Gillette Stadium.
That would prove to be a huge mistake. Brady got the ball back with 1:15 to play and no timeouts, and like he's done so many times before, he led his team down the field. The two-time Super Bowl MVP capped off the drive with a perfectly thrown ball to Tompkins who caught it for a game-winning TD. It's so fun to watch a great, clutch quarterback work as long as he's not playing against you. Just ask Rob Ryan.
Had that been the only game in New England yesterday, there would have been plenty to talk about. But the Red Sox were getting set for Game 2 of the ALCS, which started just 20 minutes after Brady and the Pats handed the Saints the first loss of the season. Boston trailed Detroit 1-0 entering last night's game after being no-hit through the first 8 and 1/3 innings of Game 1. The Red Sox high powered offense had gone ice cold, managing just 1 hit in a 1-0 loss.
The first 5 innings of Game 2 were no different. 21-game winner Max Scherzer was holding the Sox hitless again. Trailing 5-0 in the 6th inning, Boston finally got its first hit of the night. While getting a hit was a positive, the team still had a huge uphill battle in front of them – and Tigers pitching had been so dominant up to that point.
But this was Boston's night and the 8th inning would be one that Red Sox fans will never forget. Trailing 5-1, the Red Sox loaded the bases with its slugger and postseason hero David Ortiz coming to the plate. That's when everyone had the same thought. Boston hero Tom Brady did it, now its Ortiz's turn.
Sure enough, Ortiz hits a game-tying grand slam on the 1st pitch from Tigers closer Joaquin Benoit. 38-year old Torii Hunter fell over the wall reaching for the ball and landed on his head, which will be the lasting image of a tremendous moment in baseball history.
With momentum at an all-time high, the Red Sox won the game in the 9th on a Saltalamacchia walk-off RBI single. I don't know what the odds of a game-winning touchdown and a game-tying postseason grand slam happening on the same day are but I am just grateful as a sports fan to have witnessed both events. Like Adam Schein said, you gotta love sports.
UPDATE: ESPN tweeted the odds of both teams coming back…
Crazy stat of the day: The probability of both the Patriots AND Red Sox coming back to win yesterday was 0.2%.
— SportsCenter (@SportsCenter) October 14, 2013
Pretty amazing.
← A's come out on top of pitchers duel

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


"For want of a nail, the shoe was lost.
For want of a horse, the battle was lost.
From loss of the battle, a war was lost.
You have surely heard the above lines or some variant of it. What does it have to do with those who desire a data driven social justice policy ? We just lost face and there is no turning back. Read on.
Readers of this blog will be familiar with what I consider the foremost national secret of contemporary political forces and their supporters. I call this simply "data" or "truth". What this really means is, data on the effects of the quota system on its beneficiary castes. This data is the only way to validate any policy that abridges the fundamental rights of millions of citizens. To be clear, there is another type of data – which is the census, and national surveys. They can be used to select target groups for preferential policies. However, any policy must be validated only with data on its beneficiaries. It is this data which I believe is sought to be prevented from being collected and made public by political forces. People who are quick to compare quotas with American affirmative action – will appreciate that the United States makes available such data, in detail, in copious amounts, publicly, and in good faith. See here for an example.
To be honest, I expected the court to uphold the quota due to precedent set by the larger 9-judge bench in Indira Sawhney and the presence of atleast a few obviously deserving castes in the list. I feverishly expected the court to insist on participatory data as a necessary constitutional validation (how various beneficiary castes in the OBC list participate in this program). It must be noted that only the government has the means to collect this data. Without this data, citizens cannot challenge anything in front of the government agencies. In todays computerized systems, this data can be collected in a matter of minutes. I am greatly disappointed by the judgements to the extent that such a check has not been placed, atleast not strongly enough to qualify as a check.
There are two provisions which offer a faint flicker of hope – the creamy layer exclusion and the 5-year review.
First, let us consider the "5-year" review. In my understanding of the judgement, the court has distanced itself from involving itself in "scrutiny" and "due-process". It is how it has always been. Perhaps, the counsel for the petitioners were wrong in pursuing this line after all.
constitutionally valid unless otherwise proved.
whether the reservation has worked for the good of the country.
ground but a review can be made after a period of 10 years.
It is also clear that "due process" is not required under the Indian constitution. Americans have such protections such as the "right to due process", Indians do not have that protection. At least it is not part of their rights. The government can abridge (not abrogate) the fundamental rights of citizens without having to present compelling evidence of national need. For me, this is an eye opener about the reality of the nature of the Indian state. I now appreciate those who have fallen out.
There appears to be a ray of hope for citizens to judicially challenge blatant and obvious anomalies in the OBC list. An example would be the state of TN, where the 80-90% of open category seats are filled with candidates of certain castes classified currently as OBC. It is however a doomed-to-fail-catch-22 situation because the data on which such a challenge could be entertained is not made available by the government. We are then back to square one. The periodic review clause in conclusion is along the weak lines of the earlier Indira Sawhney (Mandal – 1) bench, which mandated a review after 10-years. It is now 18-years and no review. No harm.
This has far wider ramifications than the review program.
In my previous posts, I was very suspicious of the entire concept of creamy layer. At best, it is a bandage to cover up the reluctance of the politicians to divulge "data". As a constitutional bandage, it does have its merits. It prevents atleast the most jarring scenes, such as a doctors son from a landowning caste driving to college in a Ford Endeavor – trumping a cook's son based only on the accident of his birth. Even though the creamy layer critieria is not followed in Tamilnadu, it has value as a national policy.
The problem with this bandage is : should it be a tiny Band-Aid strip or a plaster cast.
Persons engaged in profession as a doctor, lawyer, chartered accountant, Income Tax consultant, financial or management consultant, dental surgeon, engineer, architect, computer specialist, film artistes and other film professional, author, playwright, sports persons, sports professional, media professional or any other vocations of like status.
This is the most effective filter. Today, there are thousands of beneficiaries in the south working in the IT export industry who have made several foreign trips and are not backward by any stretch. With only an income criteria, they can take a break for a year and subvert it.
There are also serious problems with the creamy layer concept. It will seriously damage the really backward castes.
For example : A Kuravar gypsy (just an example) may have only a handful of families who have clawed their way into middle class hood. A creamy layer policy intended to keep the rich of the landlord and politically powerful castes from dominating the quota will devastate such lower castes. This singular failure will cause extreme resentment among the lower castes among the OBC group (which I have said earlier is double the population of the United States). The real question : "Why are the rich landlord castes grouped together with castes with lesser ability ? " will always lurk in the background screaming for an answer.
The suggestion to exclude children of current and former MLAs, MPs will also cause anomalies. People of Tamilnadu will remember great men of integrity like Kamaraj who did not care for money. He actually rode back in a bicycle after demitting his office. Even today, I heard descendents of Rajaji are living a hard life in the lower rungs of society. Will this criteria be a signal for politicians to "make enough hay while the sun shines to secure payment seats" ? Only time will tell.
Will the various creamy layer criteria be the first casualty ? Only time will tell.
Will the 93rd amendment be still valid if this clause is struck off ? Only more judicial litigation will tell.
I believe we have come to the end of one leg of our journey and are about to embark on the second leg. The second leg will feature all the following events with the implicit agreement that participants will leave demands for data at the door.
Splitting the OBC quota into MBC. To be fair, Dr Ramadoss played a pivotal role in getting this passed. It would be unfair to deny MBCs a separate quota.
Jostling by various sub-castes in a data-free environment of political wheeling dealing.
Reality Check will not be on that second leg.
great post..very incisive…yes, it would be really difficult to separate the cream..from the milk….plus there will now be a huge market for fake OBC certificates….
As usual, the casteist PMK shows what this issue is all about. Humiliating Brahmins, which is the sole issue on which all "Dravidian" parties will vehemently agree upon. Check the following link where the PMK cadres distribute sweets in Mylapore to celebrate the judgment. Why Mylapore you ask? Because it is one of the few places in TN where there is some concentration of Brahmins left. Of course no Brahmins rioting in the streets etc because that is a privilege also "reserved" for those Dravidian parties. I still do not get this "oppression" rhetoric of PMK. Aren'nt his folks bashing about Dalits in north TN? But again, that must be because they are themselves "oppressed"..
Welcoming the verdict, Dr Ramadoss, who has been championing the cause, said the verdict was yet another victory in the journey towards achieving social justice.
However, the Supreme Court's verdict that if the basis of reservation was caste, the creamy layer among these castes, should be excluded from the benefit of reservation, was dangerous.
"Nowhere in the Constitution it was mentioned that the well off among the BCs should be denied reservation benefits", he added.
Dr Ramadoss called upon all political parties to oppose this.
Earlier, PMK President G K Mani drew the attention of the State Assembly about the landmark judgement given by the Supreme court and thanked all those who lent their support for this cause.
Actually the PMK is only half way home. The DMK / Congress are already home. A little premature to distribute sweets in Mylapore. This is not 1960.
The real struggle for PMK starts now because with or without creamy layer exclusion the MBCs will be clobbered by OBCs (not-brahmin upper castes in TN lingo). This victory is mainly due to the untiring effort of Dr Ramadoss (both father and son).
When the dust settles the PMK is answerable to its community members.
You planning to quit blogging?


text:
How will tourism in LMICs change post-COVID?
By Lisa Cornish // 29 June 2020
Tourists on the way to visit the Kwitonda family, one of the largest mountain gorilla families in Rwanda. Photo by: Visit Rwanda / CC BY-ND
CANBERRA — In January, the United Nations World Tourism Organization forecast a growth of 3% to 4% in international tourist arrivals worldwide for 2020. But the impact of COVID-19 has seen those numbers slashed as international travel comes to a grinding halt, impacting the tourism sector and tourist-reliant industries.
In Rwanda, tourism is a strategic sector for the government — part of its transformation and modernization of the economy. In 2019, tourism contributed to 10% of the country's GDP and was responsible for 8% of all employment, according to a recent webinar. Between 2008 and 2019, the sector was growing at an average of 11% each year. Low- and middle-income countries had a small share of the international tourism market, but were growing at a higher rate — 9% growth annually, compared to 4% globally — and were seen as providing new opportunities for economic development.
"What we recorded in March since COVID hit is that 54% of our visitor arrivals has declined," said Belise Kariza, chief tourism officer at the Rwanda Development Board. This decline and canceled events produced an estimated loss of $42 million for the sector and country.
The challenges for the tourism sector in LMICs — compared to high-income countries — is the lack of financial support available to assist tourism businesses as they wait for the pandemic to ease and tourists to return.
"In the small island developing states, the impact on tourism is particularly challenging," Zoritsa Urosevic, director of institutional relations and partnerships department at UNWTO, told Devex. "In the Pacific, we are working from various endpoints — from the U.N. system, from bilateral donors and more — to find resources to help the tourism sector in these countries."
Opinion: Collapse of Africa's tourism industry hits rural communities and wildlife hard
The impact of a decimated tourism industry in African countries due to the coronavirus will likely be felt in rural communities and wildlife conservation across the continent. This op-ed explains what must be done to protect this industry.
But despite these challenges, LMICs may have an advantageous position when tourist confidence re-emerges, Urosevic anticipated increasing airfare prices that could influence tourists' travel choices.
"Space is luxury," she said. "Taking it from that lens, LMICs really have an advantage. People are becoming more personal and want selective numbers in their vacation. All the ingredients in LMICs are there — populations are not as large and there is more space everywhere."
Supporting tourism in LMICs
UNWTO is focusing support for LMICs with its COVID-19 response and recovery in a variety of ways. It is monitoring and measuring data, and engaging with a variety of stakeholders — from governments, donors, the private sector, and more — to build a set of tools that can help countries.
It has been engaging in a dialog with international finance institutions to push for packages that are tailored to support tourist jobs and the private sector. And work supporting LMICs includes advocating on the importance of the tourism sector for direct and indirect impact.
"Tourism has a very big value chain, especially the supply chain in food supply and food production, and creates many jobs," Urosevic said. But to build this knowledge it requires an interaction between different players within governments — health ministries, transport ministries, social affairs, and more, and in partnership with the private sector.
"Never before have tourism ministers in LMICs had credibility in the cabinet at government levels," Urosevic said. "It's considered more of a fun activity — people didn't realise how important it is to economies."
While Urosevic said the tourist sector is still in a survival phase, integrating resilience — including protocols and processes — is needed as part of the COVID-19 response to place LMICs in a position to attract tourism while keeping safe. And it is also an opportunity for them to re-think who they are marketing to and how.
"With travel, we can build protocols and systems to be as safe as possible, but you still need people to come from source markets," Urosevic said. "And this is why we are targeting a regional approach to recovery."
Rwanda: A case study
The tourism sector in Rwanda has seen a rapid response to the economic impact of COVID-19.
"Since the lockdown, we have been working on a resilience and recovery plan," Kariza said. The plan was developed in partnership with health and finance ministries as well as the private sector and UNWTO, Kariza continued. "We have put out guidelines to the tourism and hospitality industry to ensure the readiness of the sector as soon as tourism and travel activities can commence."
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Satellites have been used in Africa to prevent poaching; monitor deforestation and grassland degradation; and prevent uncontrollable wildfires.
Kariza said that a heavy marketing campaign in 2019 saw Rwanda record its highest international visitor total for the year — and $498 million in total revenue. It's marketing to high-end tourists, in particular, was successful. Its mountain gorilla tracking — which is conducted in small numbers to protect the gorillas and their habitat — is a key attraction.
"Protecting the gorillas has also been one of our key objectives when it comes to conservation, and a lot of things we have done in Rwanda to contribute to the increase in the mountain gorilla population," Kariza said. Each day tourist numbers are limited. Eight people can visit one group of mountain gorillas for just one hour. Permits to visit the gorillas cost $1,500 as part of a high value, low volume strategy.
Following the COVID-19 emergency in Rwanda, measures were immediately taken to protect the gorillas. All tourist activities in and around protected areas were suspended. People working in protected areas were reduced, and rangers and trackers remaining were tested for COVID-19.
Packaging Rwanda as an exclusive destination is important as part of the industry recovery, but in the meantime, the country is preparing the sector to better manage and respond to health risks as well as support future tourists. Kariza said employees in the hospital industry are being trained in English and digital literacy, and domestic tourism is being promoted.
"We have also invested in digital marketing … and we're currently using modern technology tools to advance our marketing by creating online resources," she said.
For UNWTO, building back the tourism market in Rwanda and Africa as a whole is a key priority. The UNWTO Inspiring Africa Branding Challenge is part of its support package, calling for marketing proposals that will create a strong tourism brand that boost traveler confidence — and promote experiences available in Africa as part of its image as a vibrant destination that tourists will consider first when they next travel, both internationally and domestically.
Lisa Cornishlisa_cornish
Lisa Cornish is a Senior Reporter based in Canberra, where she focuses on the Australian aid community. Lisa formerly worked with News Corp Australia as a data journalist for the national network and was published throughout Australia in major metropolitan and regional newspapers, including the Daily Telegraph in Melbourne, Herald Sun in Melbourne, Courier-Mail in Brisbane, and online through news.com.au. Lisa additionally consults with Australian government providing data analytics, reporting and visualization services. Lisa was awarded the 2014 Journalist of the Year by the New South Wales Institute of Surveyors.
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text:
BLoC Boardroom Challenge semi-finals begin on Dec 1
CHENNAI , November 29, 2020 21:20 IST
Semis across 9 cities will be webcast
The nine city semi-finals of the BLoC Boardroom Challenge will kick off online from December 1.
It is one-of-a-kind competition for MBA students and B-schoolers where teams will don the hat of a CXO and work together to solve a boardroom-level business problem.
The first semi-finals to be webcast will be the Chennai round. The participating teams are MOP Vaishnav, DoMS of IIT Madras, XIME, and Great Lakes Institute of Management. On December 2, two teams of IIM Trichy, BIMS and Bannariamman Institute of Technology will participate in the Coimbatore semi-finals. On December 3, three teams of IIM Kozhikode and CUSAT will participate in the Kochi semi-finals.
Two teams of IIMB, IBS Bangalore and CMRIT will participate in the Bengaluru semi-finals on December 4. Teams from Institute of Public Enterprise and three teams of ISB will participate in the Hyderabad semi-finals on December 5. At the Delhi semi-finals on December 7, two teams from IIM Kashipur will participate and on December 8, two teams each from IIMA and SPJIMR will participate in the Mumbai semi-finals.
On December 9, two teams from IIM Ranchi, XLRI and IIM Shillong will participate in the Kolkata semi-finals and three teams from SIBM & IIM Nagpur will participate in the Pune semi-finals on December 10.
The webcast of the Boardroom challenge, where the shortlisted teams will present their strategies, will go on from 10.30 a.m. to noon. Persons interested can either scan the QR code given or go to https://bit.ly/3q61NF4
The fourth edition of the BLoC Boardroom Challenge is presented by Aditya Birla Sun Life AMC and powered by Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages. The associate sponsors are Punjab National Bank and Casagrand. The knowledge partners are BrandVectors and Potential Genesis.
Printable version | Jan 21, 2021 4:55:14 PM | https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/bloc-boardroom-challenge-semi-finals-begin-on-dec-1/article33206567.ece
2mins Anthony Fauci announces Joe Biden's support for WHO after Trump criticism


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Category: Funk
Emma-Jean Thackray and Stevie Wonder (Multi-instrumentalists)
Nov 23, 2021 | Funk, House, Jazz, RnB, Soul | 0 |
Andy's new release recommendation is the debut record from singer, trumpeter and DJ...
Royce Wood Junior and The Black Crowes
Oct 11, 2021 | Blues Rock, Funk, RnB, Rock, Soul, Southern Rock | 0 |
Our new release recommendation is from UK RnB, electro funk artist Royce Wood Junior. Our old dog...
Iron Maiden and Fugi
Oct 4, 2021 | Funk, Metal, NWOBHM, Progressive Metal, RnB, Soul | 0 |
A new release recommendation from metal veterans Iron Maiden that finds them expanding on their...
Jeff Rosenstock, Travis Tritt, Spacemen 3, and Prince
Jun 15, 2021 | Country, Funk, Psychedelic, Punk, Rock, Ska, Soul | 0 |
New release recommendations from Jeff Rosenstock and his ska re-thinking of his 2020 album No...
Black Dresses, Mac Leaphart, A$AP Rocky, and Red Hot Chili Peppers
Apr 5, 2021 | Alt Country, Country, Funk, Hip-Hop, Industrial Metal, Rock | 0 |
New release recommendations from industrial metal duo Black Dresses and independent country artist...
Rose City Band, John Moreland, Betty Davis, and The Darkness
Aug 14, 2020 | Country, Folk, Funk, Glam, Psychedelic, Rock | 0 |
A new release recommendation from the spaced-out, country-tinged rock group Rose City Band. Plus a...
Gary Clark Jr, Mavis Staples, Myles Kennedy, and More
Jul 1, 2019 | Americana, Blues Rock, Folk, Funk, Instrumental, Pop, Post-Punk, RnB, Rock, Soul, Trip-Hop | 0 |
New album recommendations from guitar wizard Gary Clark Jr, R&B legend Mavis Staples, and...
Essential NWOBHM and Funk: Lightning to the Nations, Invasion of the Booty Snatchers
Apr 23, 2018 | Disco, Essential Project, Funk, Metal, NWOBHM | 0 |
Essential listening is what we do. This week on the show we have another installment of our...
Essential NWOBHM and Funk: High 'N' Dry, Ahh… The Name is Bootsy Baby!
Mar 19, 2018 | Essential Project, Funk, Metal, RnB, Rock | 0 |
Time for another entry in our New Wave of British Heavy Metal and Funk genres Essential Project!...
Essential NWOBHM and Funk: Iron Maiden, Mothership Connection
Feb 19, 2018 | Essential Project, Funk, Metal, Progressive Rock, Punk | 0 |
Join us for our second installment in this years Essential project – where we dig deep into...
Essential NWOBHM and Funk: Angel Witch, The Payback
Jan 15, 2018 | Essential Project, Funk, NWOBHM | 0 |
We kick off our 2018 edition of the Essential Project where we dig deep into a particular genre,...
Holiday Albums (Merle Haggard's Christmas Present, It's a Holiday Soul Party)
Dec 18, 2017 | Country, Funk, Holiday Specials, Outlaw Country, Soul | 0 |
Holiday music can get old fast. It's the same set of songs, over and over again. Luckily...
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Bad Waitress and Patti Smith (Artsy Punk Rock)
Alternative, Punk Rock, Rock
John Denver and Dr. Seuss (A Christmas Quickie)
Classical, Country, Folk, Spoken Word
Mastodon and Pink Floyd (Dealing With Loss)
Metal, Progressive Metal, Progressive Rock, Psychedelic, Rock
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Despite being so strong and resistant, the sunglasses are quite comfortable to wear. They are slim and lightweight and have soft arms and nose pads. Their use isn't limited to the day, either - at night, you can simply switch the tinted lenses for the clear pair that comes with the glasses.
Most hidden camera sunglasses don't look right - not only don't they feel like real glasses, they're usually not the sort of accessory you'd choose to wear if not for their recording capabilities. These - ones feature a very stylish, flexible design with a higher curve, suiting small and large faces alike.
Often, too, this sort of equipment is too complex to operate - they have too many buttons or only have one but require you to press it for different lengths of time to perform different functions. Of course, this means you can't start and stop recording very discreetly, which defeats the purpose of the hidden camera, giving away the fact that you're wearing a recording device.
Again, that isn't the case here - it operates incredibly easily, and all you need to do is press the button to start recording then press it again to save the video file and turn it off. It's very easy to activate the surveillance camera by pretending you're re-positioning the sunglasses.
This security camera will record quality HD video and performing well for about any activity. Its battery lasts approximately 3.5 hours before it needs recharging, and it comes with a 16GB card which can store over two hours of video footage. Coupled with its easy operation, you'll be able to seamlessly use the device whenever you need it.
The sunglasses come with a carrying case and carry bag for safe transportation, a cleaning cloth to keep the lenses in great condition, a neck strap to make sure you always have it near you, an SD card and USB cable for data storage and charging, and the user manual - all you need to start using it out of the box.
While these glasses are excellent for individuals who want to record certain activities, they are a great choice for businesses as well. Various companies utilize this sort of hardware to document tasks and record procedures, and even provide liability mitigation. Being able to record quality video hands-free has a wide variety of different business applications.
This is a great, discreet piece of state-of-the-art technology which allows you to comfortably and conveniently shoot HD video at a moment's notice. Whatever your recording needs, these High End 1080p HD Hidden Camera Sunglasses will likely excel at it - and they already come with all the essential gear for recording from your own point of view.
The camera comes with the following; Sunglass color camera, Carrying Case, Cleaning Cloth, Carry Bag, Neck Strap, USB cable, SD card reader, and User Manual.


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Gardner Among Four Vulnerable Senators Whose Losses Could Flip Senate
Opinion: Cory Gardner Left Local Governments to Twist in the Wind
Colorado Congressman Coffman Slams New York Times For Publishing Anonymous Anti-Trump Opinion
Hundreds Tell Sen. Cory Gardner to 'Close the Camps' at Denver Protest
Hundreds of people showed up to Colorado Republican Senator Cory Garder's office in Denver Tuesday as part of a nationwide wave of protests against the inhumane treatment of immigrants in detention and deportation proceedings.
The public outcry comes as news continues to trickle out about poor conditions at immigrant detention centers, where investigators have discovered severe overcrowding, a lack of access to basic sanitation and nutrition, and immigrants sleeping on concrete floors with no bedding.
An immigrant detention center in Aurora, in particular, has been the subject of scrutiny after reports of quarantines due to infectious disease outbreaks and a history of negligence toward immigrants' medical needs.
Organized by local Indivisible groups and the American Friends Service Committee, the protest featured chants, singing, and people sharing personal stories about how the U.S. immigration system has affected them and their loved ones.
The protest was followed by a march around Gardner's office, during which time a handful of protesters delivered a letter to Gardner asking him to cut funding for federal immigration enforcement, citing an ever-increasing budget for a system they describe as "abusive." They're also asking him to shut down detention camps where immigrants of all ages are being housed.
Gardner hasn't addressed concerns about poor conditions in detention camps, but attended a Colorado Compact event last week where he reaffirmed support for the Dream Act, a bill to protect certain immigrants who were brought to the U.S. as minors, called "Dreamers," from deportation.
The Colorado Compact was launched in 2012 with the help of Sen. Michael Bennet (D-CO) and former CU President Hank Brown, a Republican, as a bipartisan effort to push "common sense immigration reform." 87 business, political and community leaders signed the initial document, with many more adding their names over the following years.
Prominent Republican original signers include Congressman Mike Coffman, Attorney General John Suthers, Weld County DA Ken Buck, GOP mega-donor Greg Maffei, and the powerful Western Slope advocacy group Club 20. Gardner, then a congressman representing Colorado's 4th district, was not among them.
Although Gardner supports the Dream Act, a shift in position from when he opposed the legislation as a member of the House of Representatives in 2013, he's against Colorado's ASSET law, which allows colleges and universities to let Dreamers pay the in-state tuition.
In March, Gardner voted against a resolution to block President Trump's national emergency declaration over funding for a border wall.


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IP, the Internet Protocol, is one of the pillars which supports the Internet. Almost 20 years old, first specified in a remarkably concise 45 pages in RFC 791, IP is the network-layer protocol for the Internet.
In 1991, the IETF decided that the current version of IP, called IPv4, had outlived its design. The new version of IP, called either IPng (Next Generation) or IPv6 (version 6), was the result of a long and tumultuous process which came to a head in 1994, when the IETF gave a clear direction for IPv6.
IPv6 is designed to solve the problems of IPv4. It does so by creating a new version of the protocol which serves the function of IPv4, but without the same limitations of IPv4. IPv6 is not totally different from IPv4: what you have learned in IPv4 will be valuable when you deploy IPv6. The differences between IPv6 and IPv4 are in five major areas: addressing and routing, security, network address translation, administrative workload, and support for mobile devices. IPv6 also includes an important feature: a set of possible migration and transition plans from IPv4.
Since 1994, over 30 IPv6 RFCs have been published. Changing IP means changing dozens of Internet protocols and conventions, ranging from how IP addresses are stored in DNS (domain name system) and applications, to how datagrams are sent and routed over Ethernet, PPP, Token Ring, FDDI, and every other medium, to how programmers call network functions.
The IETF, though, is not so insane as to assume that everyone is going to change everything overnight. So there are also standards and protocols and procedures for the coexistence of IPv4 and IPv6: tunneling IPv6 in IPv4, tunneling IPv4 in IPv6, running IPv4 and IPv6 on the same system (dual stack) for an extended period of time, and mixing and matching the two protocols in a variety of environments.
Even if you've never studied IPv6, you may know about its most famous feature: big addresses. IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses, and with the growth of the Internet, these have become a scarce and valuable commodity. Organizations have gone to great lengths to deal with the shortage and high cost of IPv4 addresses. The most visible change in IPv6 is that addresses balloon from 32-bits to 128-bits.
With such a huge address space, ISPs will have sufficient IP addresses to allocate enough addresses to every customer so that every IP device has a truly unique address---whether it's behind a firewall or not. NAT (network address translation) has become a very common technique to deal with the shortage of IP addresses. Unfortunately, NAT doesn't work very well for many Internet applications, ranging from old dependables, such as NFS and DNS, to newer applications such as group conferencing. NAT has also been an impediment for business-to-business direct network connections, requiring baroque and elaborate address translators to make everything work reliably, scaling poorly, and offering a highly vulnerable single point of failure. One of the goals of IPv6's address space expansion is to make NAT unnecessary, improving total connectivity, reliability, and flexibility. IPv6 will re-establish transparency and end-to-end traffic across the Internet.
Additional address space will also help the core of the Internet---it is hoped---by reducing the size and complexity of the global routing tables. Although IPv6 doesn't solve the problems of routing in the Internet, it can help in several areas, reducing the initial size of the tables and offering a hierarchical address space.
The new IPv6 addresses are large and cumbersome to deal with, so IPv6 reduces the number of people who have to read and write them. A second major goal of IPv6 is to reduce the total time which people have to spend configuring and managing systems. An IPv6 system can participate in "stateless" autoconfiguration, where it creates a guaranteed-unique IP address by combining its LAN MAC address with a prefix provided by the network router---DHCP is not needed. Of couse, DHCP is still useful for other parameters, such as DNS servers, and is supported as DHCPv6 where needed. IPv6 also offers a middle ground between the two extremes with protocols such as SLP ("Service Location Protocol"), which may make the lives of network managers easier.
Although IPv4 is a simple protocol, it was not designed for giga-bit and tera-bit routers which need to look at millions of packets a second. The third major goal of IPv6 is to speed up the network, both from a performance and from a deployment point of view. IPv6 embodies the lessons learned at trying to build high-speed routers for IPv4 by changing the header of the IP packet to be more regular and to streamline the work of high-speed routers moving packets across the Internet backbone. IPv6 has fixed header sizes, and little-used IPv4 fields have been removed.
A side effect of the redesign of the IP packet header is that future extensions to IPv6 are simplified: adding a new option to IP can be done without a major re-engineering of IP routers everywhere.
High-bandwidth multimedia and fault tolerance applications are the focus of the fourth major goal of IPv6. Multimedia applications can take advantage of multicast: the transmission of a single datagram to multiple receivers. Although IPv4 has some multicast capabilities, these are optional and not every router and host supports them. With IPv6, multicast is a requirement. IPv6 also defines a new kind of service, called "anycast." Like multicast, anycast has groups of nodes which send and receive packets. But when a packet is sent to an anycast group in IPv6, it is only delivered to one of the members of the group. This new capability is especially appropriate in a fault-tolerant environment: web servers and DNS servers could all benefit from IPv6's anycast technology.
The fifth major goal of IPv6 is VPNs, virtual private networks. The new IPSec security protocols, ESP (encapsulating security protocol) and AH (authentication header) are add-ons to IPv4. IPv6 builds-in and requires these protocols, which will mean that secure networks will be easier to build and deploy in an IPv6 world.
Another aspect of VPNs built into IPv6 is QoS (Quality of Service). IPv6 supports the same QoS features as IPv4, including the DiffServ indication, as well as a new 20-bit traffic flow field. Although the use of this part of IPv6 is not defined, it is provided as a solid base to build QoS protocols.


Accessorise yourself in the sun this season with our striking starfish ring. This white gold band is hand painted with a cute coral enamel and sprinkled with white gold starfish for added summer splendour. Wear alone, stacked with our other summer inspired rings or cover yourself in coral with matching necklace and bangle.
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Accessorise yourself in the sun this season with our striking starfish bangle. This white gold band is hand painted with Coral enamel and sprinkled with white gold starfish for added summer splendour. Wear alone or stacked with our other summer inspired rings or cover yourself in coral with matching necklace and ring.