text:
Folders and standard packaging BASIC
Folders and Packages CERTIFIED
Easy wings packaging
Laminated packaging
Certified Packaging
Easy Wings process line
System EasyWings
The EasyWings system is an innovative product which has not previously been in Kiel-Tech's product range. Some of the significant features of the innovation that is the EasyWings system are:
Facilitate document archiving by creating a range of compatible packaging (folders and archive boxes),
increasing the functionality of packaging (introduction of additional, dedicated space for archiving notes, ease of completing the archive with archiving boxes of different sizes),
Significant improvement in the ergonomics of the system products in relation to the packaging used so far in the market (innovative, special closing of the packaging combined with a place for archiving notes facilitates the location of individual archive volumes and their removal).
In detail, EasyWings products are based on:
Design assumptions were developed for archiving folders in the form of features not yet present in the products offered by the company, which as a whole will create an innovative archiving folder:
a new folder design with an innovative closing system specially designed for the company, which uses the original material and therefore does not require any gluing or assembly of additional elements;
the recommended closure has been designed to increase the closing force of the briefcase when carried, preventing opening, and to decrease the closing force in the horizontal position when attempting to open, at the same time closing and opening is much easier in lowered temperatures and low light than the laced briefcases currently in use, and opening and closing time has been reduced due to the appropriate shape and size of the design;
the design of the closing shape of the folder takes into account its use to describe the contents. When looking for the right documentation, we will not have to take out the folders (affects the durability of storage) to see the description, but only card the so-called "closing wings" protruding above the folder;
New finishing method - marking the areas of the folder with embossing or printing with eco-ink, without the use of chemicals reacting with the stored documents;
new material and purpose - manufacturing some folders from acid-free cardboard weighing up to 800g/m2 for archiving files of category A for over 50 years. With this category of documents, the EasyWings closing and labelling system is of particular importance, making it possible to read the description of the folder and find the right one without removing the entire contents of the box. In addition, archived collections will be less exposed to the effects of unfavourable acids - the separation of documents from unfavourable environmental influences;
The color of the product's material, which is associated with cleanliness and durability.
For EasyWings archive boxes, are based on:
a new folder-compatible blank, designed so that after purchase during transport to the customer the boxes are unfolded as a sheet, without any glued or assembled elements, and their assembling does not require tools, elements and additional substances, which during archiving over 25 or 50 years would chemically react with stored documents;
the structure of the box, when folded to store documents, allows easy access to the descriptive zones of the folders, so called "closing wings", without removing the folders;
A new way of finishing - marking the areas of the box using embossing or printing with eco-ink, without using chemicals that react with the stored documents;
New material and purpose - manufacturing boxes from acid-free cardboard with a weight of more than 1100 g/m2 for archiving category A files over 50 years;
Design assumptions
Design assumptions of the EasyWings system are consistent with the diagnosed needs of the target groups served by the company, i.e.
new material to be used
Innovations applied
The innovations used in the product apply to the entire design of folders and boxes including:
the method of closure
variable closing force
no need to remove the folder from the archive box
the implemented way of marking archiving subsystems
consistent colors
the way of personalization of packaging
the possibility of production of category A archiving packaging, so all areas of product design, as recommended by the approved Design Strategy
It should be emphasized that the documents stored in the EasyWings system EasyWings system are extremely important from the point of view of state institutions and, to a large extent, constitute national and cultural heritage, which is why they require special protection. That is why EasyWings archive boxes are one of the Therefore, EasyWings archiving packaging, as one of two in Poland, will have ISO 9706 certificate and ISO 16245 certificate (these certificates indicate that the product is intended for long-term archiving), except that so far these were folders tied with a ribbon, and now Kiel-Tech is introducing an innovative EasyWings system with the above-mentioned functionalities.
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Certified folders and packaging
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The project "Increase of the competitiveness of "KIEL-TECH" company by implementing the assumptions of the design strategy" (original title: Wzrost konkurencyjności firmy "KIEL-TECH" poprzez wdrożenie założeń strategii wzorniczej) is co-financed by the European Union from the European Regional Development Fund under the Operational Programme Eastern Poland 2014-2020 Priority Axis I Entrepreneurial Eastern Poland Measure 1.4: "Design for competition" (original title: Wzór na konkurencję) II stage
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text:
Q: Neron model of multiplicative group scheme Let $R$ be a discrete valuation ring and $K$ be its fraction field. Consider the multiplicative group scheme $\mathbb{G}_m$, as scheme $\mathbb{G}_m=Spec K[T,T^{-1}]$. How can we construct the Néron model of $\mathbb{G}_m$? Is it $Spec R[T,T^{-1}]$?
I have read it in Bosch's book chapter 10 example 5, but don't really understand the general steps. It is said the the Néron model is only of locally finite type and not of finite type.

A: As described in the comments, taking $\operatorname{Spec}(R[T,T^{-1}])$ will not work. Instead you have to do a glueing process, which is described in the reference you mentioned. Let me recall the construction, which should also address your point about being locally of finite type, but not of finite type (Recall finite type=locally of finite type + quasi-compact).
Start with $\mathbb{Z}$-copies of $\mathbb{G}_{m,R}$, i.e. the scheme
$$ \coprod_{i\in \mathbb{Z}} X_i$$
where each $X_i\cong \mathbb{G}_{m,R}$ (this is $\pi^i\mathbb{G}_{m,R}$ in the notation of Bosch). Now you have to glue these together:
We identify all $X_i\times_R K\cong \mathbb{G}_{m,K}$ with each other via maps $\phi_{ij}:X_i\times_R K\xrightarrow{\cdot \pi^{j-i}} X_j\times_R K.$ This is an isomorphism, since $\pi$ is now invertible over $K$. Thus your Neron model is
$$ X=(\coprod_{i\in \mathbb{Z}} X_i)/\sim,$$
where $x_i\sim x_j$ if $\phi_{ij}(x_i)=x_j$, or equivalently $\phi_{ji}(x_j)=x_i$.
Now we see that $$ X\to \operatorname{Spec}(R)$$
is indeed locally of finite type: $X$ is covered by the $X_i\cong \mathbb{G}_{m,R}$ which are of finite type over $R$.
But it is not quasi-compact: For each $X_i$ we have a closed subscheme $Z_i$ isomorphic to $\mathbb{G}_{m,k}\subset \mathbb{G}_{m,R}$, where $k=R/\pi$ is the residue field, and these are by construction not glued together. As a consequence
$$ Z_i\cap X_j=\emptyset$$
whenever $i\neq j$. So the covering of $X$ by the (image of the) $X_i$ for all $i\in \mathbb{Z}$ doesn't admit a finite subcover: Omitting one $X_i$ means $Z_i$ will not be contained in your cover anymore.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Open a cupboard door in most kitchens and you'll find a precariously stacked tower of baking sheets and roasting trays. Putting an end to that, our chrome-plated Bakeware Organiser lets you neatly and safely store your cake tins and oven trays, and gives you instant access when you open that cupboard door.
If you've ever built stacks of trays that topple over just at the wrong moment – and where the one you need is always at the bottom – or misplaced favourite tins in the depths of a cupboard, this clever divider is just what you need to keep your baking supplies as neat as you've always dreamed.
Designed to give you instant access the second you open your cupboard door, our organiser means you can grab your madeleine tin or brownie pan the second you've decided on the day's bake. With 6cm between the dividing bars, it can comfortably accommodate deeper trays, and each slot is roomy enough to hold more than one tin if they're shallow or nested – perfect for keeping your favourite pair of sandwich tins or a full set of layer cake tins together. And extra bars at the bottom stop any smaller pans falling through the gaps, so even your smallest tins can be safely stored.
Made from resilient iron wire, so it's strong and durable, the shiny chrome finish gives a little sparkle to your kitchen cupboards and helps protect from damage and rust too.
Fitted into by cupboard perfectly , very sturdy and i managed to fit all my tins in it and along the side. They also don't fall out when removing another tin. I wouldn't do with out now.
This fits perfectly into a corner cupboard with fixed shelves and means all of your baking trays stand upright and no longer crash around when you are trying to find one. It is so useful that I replaced a lot of my old trays with new Lakeland ones, which all fit in perfectly and are wide enough to fill my new oven's shelves. This is fantastic and I also bought the pan lid organiser as well, which has also made a big difference.


"Travel", they say, "as you will remember the roads as memories you'll always cherish", and that was exactly what I was looking for when my parents dropped in Bangalore to stay with me for a couple of weeks. Love for exploring new places has come in me from my parents I think, the moment I proposed them a road trip to Bangalore from Mysore they quickly agreed. I knew I had to be a little extra cautious because I was travelling with two old people, I had many things to take care of like wholesome food, clean washrooms and comfort. But this my friends, was one of the most beautiful journey I've had in my short travelling life, I suggest you all to take out sometime to travel with your parents.
Mysore or Mysuru, known for its royal palace, is a city in southwestern Karnataka state in India. The city is known for its rich culture. The city is famous for its gardens & palaces, and haven for women looking for silk sarees. Mysore best places to visit if you are a fan of olden day grand monument and rich Indian culture and tradition. It is also one of the must visit cities in India as per various travel sites, and probably the best weekend gateways from Bangalore. Due to its close proximity to Bangalore (around 150 KM), you can see many bikers enroute to Mysore over the weekends.
So, for this trip I had pre-booked a cab for 2 days. Prices for these cab services are very convenient and transparent. They generally charge price/Km and this is common among all cab drivers in Bangalore. I've given details of my cab driver with expenses at the end of the blog, those you want to travel with a fun and informative drive can dial him.
We started @ 7 AM from Bengaluru in taxi.
While entering Mysore, we stopped at one of the tallest churches in Asia: St. Philomena's Cathedral. No entry fee required here as well.
We then headed to Mysore City Palace. This was my second visit to the palace. One can feel the grandeur embedded all around. The beautiful carvings in the royal structure, display of weaponry and other antics of that era will make you visit this palace time and again. This palace is beautifully lit during the famous Mysuru Dasara (which is a 10 day long festival beginning with Navratri and ending on Vijayadashmi; it typically happens in month of either September or October). You will easily spend 2 hours in the palace, and if you are an art connoisseur like me then you might end up lurking around for 3-4 hours Also if you are first timer do visit the museum for which you have to pay extra which is minimally priced.
TreeboKomfort Suites. 3km away from bus stand, located in yadavgiri. Peaceful area. Treebo has never disappointed me. Very spacious room. It was 2 bhk with AC in both rooms, TV & Fridge and other amenities were quite good and Breakfast was included.
I paid INR 1610 only for 3 people. (Received 50% discount while booking through Treebo APP).
After resting for an hour, we headed to Brindavan gardens by 5 PM. This is 25 km outside the city. Reached there by 5:45 PM. It is a very big & beautiful garden, nice place to relax during the evening. They organize fountain, music and lighting shows during the late evening for onlookers, and my parents enjoyed this one a lot.
The moment you set out of the garden, you'll be bombarded with street food options we binged on a few knick-knacks and went straight to the hotel. .
We decided to order dinner in room itself as we were totally drained out.
Note: Without any second thought, this was the best food we had, either go down and eat in the restaurant or order in your room in hotel. We ordered veg pulao, paneer tikka masala and naan. Good quantity and delicious.
We then signed off for the day. Here are few clicks for the day.
After having nice, sound sleep, we woke up by 7 AM, got ready by 8 AM.
Time for breakfast. Simple buffet of nice south Indian food & tasty sweets, along with tea, coffee & juice. After having food, we checked out of the hotel.
There is Chamundeshwari Mandir (Chamundeshwari or Durga) on Chamundi hills which is around 20-30 min away from city (13 km from Mysore palace). It is one of the 18 Shakti Peethas and is very much a revered place. You can have a view of Mysore city from top.
You can take special entry or direct entry ticket which is available for INR 100 per person along with a Prasad (either a laddoo or a peetha).
We got free by 10:15 AM. There is Nandi temple/Bull Temple close to Chamundeshwari Mandir. The giant Nandi idol is a sight for believers and in my case a perfect spot for some pictures.
Next stop was Mysore Zoo. We reached there by 11 AM. You can wander around the zoo or can take battery operated vehicle. It takes one hour on the vehicle. I, traveling with my parents preferred taking the vehicle. By walking, it takes around 2-3 hours. There are extra charges for the vehicle and are different for children, adult and senior citizens. There are variety of animals, ranging from different type of reptiles, to elephants, giraffes, lions & tigers. We wrapped up the tour here.
The 2 day trip to Mysore was fun filled and relaxing. Because of work commitments I could only spare 2 days for this beautiful city but you can stay here for longer period especially when you have family around. It was planned in a way that every moment was thoroughly enjoyed. There was no hurry and my parents loved each and every part of Mysore city. Take out time and visit this beautiful city and fall in love with its culture.
We then headed back to Bangalore and reached home by 4:45 PM.


text:
<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace Linna\Authorization;

use Linna\Authorization\Permission;

/**
 * Fetch By Permission Interface.
 *
 * Contain methods required to fetch users or roles by permission.
 */
interface FetchByPermissionInterface
{
    /**
     * Fetch from permission.
     *
     *
From a Permission instance as argument, this method must return an array
     * containing a EnhancedUser|Role instance for every EnhancedUser|Role
     * that have the given permission.

     *
     * @param Permission $permission The permission which will be used to fetch as Permission instance.
     *
     * @return array<mixed> Users or roles which the permission is granted.
     */
    public function fetchByPermission(Permission $permission): array;

    /**
     * Fetch from permission.
     *
     *
From a permission id as argument, this method must return an array
     * containing a EnhancedUser|Role instance for every EnhancedUser|Role
     * that have the given permission.

     *
     * @param int|string $permissionId The permission which will be used to fetch as permission id.
     *
     * @return array<mixed> Users or roles which the permission is granted.
     */
    public function fetchByPermissionId(int|string $permissionId): array;

    /**
     * Fetch from permission.
     *
     *
From a permission name as argument, this method must return an array
     * containing a EnhancedUser|Role instance for every EnhancedUser|Role
     * that have the given permission.

     *
     * @param string $permissionName The permission which will be used to fetch as permission name.
     *
     * @return array<mixed> Users or roles which the permission is granted.
     */
    public function fetchByPermissionName(string $permissionName): array;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


As a candidate running for state office for the first time, it was inspiring to see ELM's willingness to jump into our race in Haverhill. To illustrate ELM's tenacity and impact – the first time I met Joe in person was while he was already out in the field with a packet of doors to knock on for our campaign. Environmental justice and the economic gains of green energy were vital components of mobilizing people in our campaign. We couldn't have successfully pushed that message without ELMs digital, mail, and canvassing support.
I am extremely grateful to the Environmental League of Massachusetts for providing resources on the ground and online to further my message during the campaign. We were thrilled to receive an extensive social media campaign via sponsored ads and original digital media that directly reached ELM members in district. During "Get Out the Vote" and "E-Day", ELM sent their staff to knock on doors when it mattered the most despite numerous elections occurring statewide. Thank you, ELM!
The ELM endorsement served a strong third party validator of my campaign pledge to protect and preserve Easthampton's environmental assets. Specifically, the ELM mailer lent credibility to my commitment to sustainable development and transportation while protecting open space. With the ELM team knocking doors with me, I was able to expand the range of voter contact at the doors. In my race, every single vote counted and I have no doubt that my win was helped by ELM's hands-on, real-time support of my candidacy.
I am so thankful for the support of the ELM Action Fund and its members in my primary campaign for State Representative. I am passionate about energy policy and environmental protection, and as a first-time candidate the support from ELM Action Fund was monumental, including support on issues and messaging, strategic advice, voter contact through a member mailing and volunteer phone banking, and even GOTV election day support. I am so proud to have ELM Action Fund behind me as I continue on to a competitive general election, and to know that they're out there fighting all over the state.
The endorsement I received from the Environmental League of MA this past campaign cycle has meant the world to me and made a true difference in the campaign. I was honored to have their "stamp of approval", but the team went several steps further in reaching out to like minded voters in my district with letters, phone calls, and actual boots on the ground. For a district so far from Boston, this is very unusual and highly valued. I know that I will work hard to keep the endorsement of ELM, not just because we are natural allies in advancing policy, but also because they clearly have my back.
One of the most effective aspects of our campaign was that voters heard from people they trusted on issues they cared about. One of the most successful efforts was by ELM, who called people concerned about the environment. When they personally told voters about my work, it was extremely convincing. A trusted source was affirming that I have worked on issues they care about: solar and wind energy, stopping gas pipelines, the Green Line Extension, the Mystic River. And we followed that up with our own flyer on those issues.


text:
Will Labor Go Local? — Read The Dirt Read The Dirt
"The new generation, the generation of the Internet, is fearless." -Shawki al-Qadi, Yemeni opposition lawmaker (NY Times)
Will Labor Go Local?
by: Simon Davis-Cohen Posted on: July 21, 2015
This piece originally appeared on truth-out.org in January, it is reprinted with permission.
Workplace struggles are getting difficult to predict. Conventional organizing isn't working like it used to. Unions are suffering. One culprit is the success of "Right-to-Work" (RTW) laws, which allow workers at unionized workplaces to opt out of union membership and free ride, without paying union dues.
With twenty-four states now living under this law, which lets non-dues-paying "right to work" employees work through strikes and sabotage the solidarity needed to powerfully bargain, RTW is going local – fueling a fight over what role local governments will play in labor regulation in the 21st century.
The "right to work" principle has been pervasive in the South for decades, and since December 2014, local RTW laws have been passed in five Kentucky counties. They are the only local governments in the country to pass RTW. Amy Milliken, attorney for the pioneering Warren County, tells Truthout that dozens more in Kentucky and elsewhere are expected to follow.
But the RTW movement is not alone in its use of local governments to make labor-related policy changes. Across the country, activists are wielding local governments to raise the minimum wage, win paid sick leave for workers and protect part time workers.
Though the two movements share an advocacy for local governments, they are – clearly – distinguishable by their conflicting visions of what it means for a local government to improve state and federal labor law. While one views the attraction of business and the cutting of "costs" as an improvement, the other uses workers' protections as its litmus.
A fierce champion of RTW is the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), a "model legislation"-drafting, neoliberal, corporate lobbying network. Contrary to its support of local RTW law-making, ALEC typically uses state legislatures to diminish the power of local governments; local minimum wage hikes, local GMO bans and local paid sick leave ordinances have all been quashed recently by ALEC-encouraged model state legislation. But, with the launch of ALEC's locally focused American City County Exchange (ACCE), which has catalyzed the local RTW efforts in Kentucky, these corporate boys now find themselves defending local law-making.
The conflicting approaches to local governance of ACCE and ALEC are "completely hypocritical," Brendan Fischer of PR Watch and ALEC Exposed told me. It's "hypocrisy," says Lynn Rhinehart, co-general council for AFL-CIO. Adds Fischer: they're "extremely selective about what policies local governments should have power to enact."
And the legality of the local RTW laws is uncertain, at best.
"The federal government preempts state and local labor relations," Rhinehart tells me. As she points out, an Illinois law barring employers from hiring replacement workers during strikes was preempted in 2006. And California's modest effort to stop its own money from directly funding anti-union campaigns was nixed by the Supreme Court in 2008. Rhinehart describes this form of federal preemption as "sweeping."
But there are notable exceptions to the Feds' preemption. States can pass RTW, thanks to a clause in the Labor Management Relations (Taft-Hartley) Act of 1947. And forty-nine states have passed "At-Will" legislation that – absent a labor contract that says otherwise – allows employers to lay off workers for no particular reason, to fire "at-will."
If states can pass RTW, can counties?
For Rhinehart, local RTW is a "legal nonstarter." Pointing to the Taft-Hartley Act's exemption that allows states to pass RTW legislation, she says, "state means state." Paul Sonn, general counsel for the National Employment Law Project adds: "Cities and counties do not have the power to enact 'right-to-work.'"
But that doesn't mean localities have no role in law-making – Sonn would be the first to defend local governments. Given federal and state gridlock, he says, "Cities have a bigger role to play in public policy than they ever have before." However, this role is conditional, he says, and by no means includes efforts like Warren County's. Sonn argues that, unlike what is happening today, local governments should be able to improve federal and state law, but they "can't roll back baseline [state or federal] protections."
What does it mean to "improve"?
It's helpful to think of federal and state powers in terms of floors and ceilings. The federal minimum wage and other minimum standards like paid sick leave are floors states can raise. But the feds claim complete – ceiling-like – authority over other pro-worker regulations, like those proposed by Illinois and California.
However, when you move to the state level, the story gets more complex. In some states, minimum wages and minimum standards are floors local governments can raise, while in others they are ceilings cities and counties can't touch. Seattle can raise the minimum wage, New York City cannot; Newark can pass a paid sick leave ordinance, Memphis cannot.
But labor regulations, like the Illinois and California laws, don't fit as nicely into this metaphor. Rhinehart says: "What is a floor? What does a floor mean? It's much clearer with minimum wage…but it's not clear with labor relations." Improving protections for striking workers is not as straightforward as improving a minimum wage. If local, and state, governments want to engage in improving labor regulations, they'll need the political will to define what that means while fighting for the authority to do so. Meanwhile, those fighting to raise the minimum wage need only fight for the authority, as what it means to improve a minimum wage is more clear-cut.
Fighting to raise the floor.
However, the minimum wage is not that simple. In states that don't allow cities to raise the minimum, or don't say one way or another, efforts to raise it locally confront similar questions faced by local RTW advocates. They bothask: If the state can "improve" a federal law, shouldn't localities be able to as well?
Chicago and Louisville's recent wage increases fall in this category, as both were passed amid ambiguity over the cities' authority to do so – similar to the ambiguity surrounding local RTW laws. Neither Illinois nor Kentucky define their minimum wages as a floor or a ceiling – they're silent on the subject. Should Chicago or Louisville's laws be challenged, as looks likely, these cities will be fighting for the authority to weigh in on something the Feds have given states agency over.
But such pro-local advocacy takes on a different flavor when pushing RTW. In a letter to a Warren County judge defending Warren's RTW law, a local law firm points out Kentucky counties' "Home Rule," state-sanctioned, powers to promote "economic development." As the ordinance "would promote economic development within Warren County," it argues, RTW falls within the county's Home Rule powers. Milliken adds, in her own letter, that "because the Ordinance is being enacted to attract business to Warren County, it falls squarely" within the county's authority. This argument is backed by a detailed Heritage Foundation report and a national non-profit offering pro bono legal counsel to any US locality that passes RTW.
Is attracting business the purpose of regulating employer-employee relations? Is that the role of local governments? Sonn doesn't think so. He says, that among the pro-labor lawyers keeping track of events, "The expectation is that [local RTW ordinances] will be quickly litigated and blocked by federal courts." Others, however, think the issue could make it to the Supreme Court.
Regardless, with the tactic, ALEC/ACCE and company find themselves on the opposite side of a familiar argument.
Confronting state power.
ALEC/ACCE and the Heritage Foundation support and actively promote the local RTW tactic, and yet hedge this local support. They admit that local RTW can be preempted if a state so chooses, just as they believe states can preempt localities on minimum wage and paid sick leave. They'd never question this authority.
A hesitancy to challenge these forms of preemption also pervades swaths of the labor movement. But in states where local pro-worker laws have been preempted, the issue of preemption is not as easily avoided. In these instances, or when labor wants to pass novel protections, workers necessarily push the very boundaries of local governance.
For cities to be the influential policymakers that Sonn envisions, they'll need the power to improve federal and state protections. This historical moment is well explained in a 2005 paper by Darin Dalmat titled "Bringing Economic Justice Closer to Home: The Legal Viability of Local Minimum Wage Laws Under Home Rule" from the Columbia Journal of Law and Social Problems:
"The history of minimum wage regulation has come full circle. States led the charge early in the twentieth century. The federal government protected workers across the country during the middle of the century, but abandoned this role as the century reached its closing decades. Today, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, progressive economic reform must come from states and local governments…[But] local governments often face the additional burden of demonstrating that they enjoy sufficient authority." [My emphasis]
In a way, the powers of local governments have not yet caught up with their importance.
The community organization Envision Spokane recognizes this. Based in Spokane, Washington and with the support of multiple union locals and the Community Environmental Legal Defense Fund, the group has taken to the initiative process to push a "Community Bill of Rights" to establish constitutional rights for workers in the workplace. (As the US Constitution only protects citizens from government intrusion – not other private actors, like an employer – employees in the United States surrender the Constitution when they go to work.) After losing at the ballot by some 1,000 votes in 2011, Envision Spokane's third attempt to pass the initiative was removed from the ballot in 2013 after local realty corporations filed a pre-election challenge. The group is now taking steps to introduce a "Worker Bill of Rights" that would nullify "At-Will," establish rights to a "Family Wage" and "Equal Pay for Equal Work," and protect workers' constitutional rights.
Similarly, Cliff Willmeng of the Colorado Community Right Network (CCRN) and Community Environmental Legal Defense Fund says, "In Colorado, local communities are preempted from enacting local living wages in the same way that municipalities are prevented from banning harmful industrial projects like fracking. The result is that billion-dollar businesses are sheltered by the state, and working people are made to do more with less. With nearly one in five Colorado children living under the poverty level, creation of a living wage is paramount to our fundamental rights and well-being."
The CCRN is now looking to pass a Worker Bills of Rights to challenge the State's wage preemption and establish constitutional rights in the workplace.
As the federal and state governments stagnate, the structure of law that stops local governments from protecting workers – as Dalmat's paper alludes – has to be questioned.
With this in mind, the Bills of Rights in Spokane and Colorado include clauses that elevate a "right to local self-government" above state preemption that blocks localities from improving state and federal worker protections, as well as corporate "rights" that pose a direct challenge to workers' rights.
By fighting for the power to pass pro-worker legislation, such localities not only demand state and federal laws be defined as floors, they also weigh in on what that floor is and what it means to raise it. This is the conversation raised by the local RTW tactic.
But ALEC and ACCE's commitment to this end of the debate might be brief. They've only gone local in Kentucky because they can't get RTW at the state level. They're hoping the county-level efforts scale up – and indications suggest that might be happening soon. They have not abandoned their preemptive ways.
Though pro-worker organizers, too, want their local laws to scale up (who wouldn't), if Dalmat and Sonn are right about the importance of local governments for the 21st century, workers should be coupling their efforts to a long-term debate over how to ethically and consciously devolve some power to localities. And at a time when workers increasingly turn to local law-making to make gains and the Supreme Court makes moves to nationalize RTW, this doesn't seem so far-fetched.
On the plus side, maybe innovative ideas like establishing union organizing as a civil right will start locally. Maybe they'll have to.
Photo: US Census Bureau, Wikimedia
Copyright, Truthout. Reprinted with permission.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The PR Department of Treasury (the "PR Treasury") recently announced that it will begin the implementation of a new integrated tax platform in three phases beginning on October 15, 2016 through December 2018. The new tax platform will be known as the Internal Revenue Unified System (SURI for its Spanish acronym). The SUT will be the first tax regime to be integrated into SURI, and its implementation will run from October 15, 2016 through November 20, 2016.


CHICAGO, Jan. 12 (Xinhua) — Gold futures on the COMEX division of the New York Mercantile Exchange fell on Monday as the U.S. dollar showed strength and global markets improved.
The most active gold contract for February delivery fell 11 U.S. dollars, or 1 percent, to settle at 1,085.20 dollars per ounce.
The precious metal came under pressure on Tuesday as European equities rebounded after a week of market turmoil. FTSE 100 Index, the British benchmark stock market gauge, Tuesday increased by 0.98 percent, the French CAC 40 rose by 1.53 percent, and the German DAX rose by 1.63 percent.
Analysts noted that when equities post losses, the precious metal usually goes up, as investors are looking for a safe havens.
The U.S. Dollar Index, a measure of the dollar against a basket of major currencies, rose by 0.06 to 98.88 as of 18:25 GMT.
Meanwhile, the Job Openings and Labor Turnover report released by the U.S. Department of Labor showed that job openings were up slightly in November to 5.431 million.
Analysts say the long-term trend for gold remains strongly bearish as the Fed began the first of its interest rate hikes came in December, despite expectations for a delay until 2016.
Some analysts believe that the Fed may increase its key interest rate at the next Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting in March.
An increase in the Fed's interest rate drives investors away from gold and towards assets with a return, as the precious metal bears no interest. Until the December FOMC meeting, there had not been an increase in the Fed's interest rate since June 2006, before the beginning of the American financial crisis.
Silver for March delivery fell 11.5 cents, or 0.83 percent, to close at 13.751 dollars per ounce. Platinum for April delivery dropped 7.7 dollars, or 0.91 percent, to close at 838.60 dollars per ounce.
Previous Saudis mull IPO of world's biggest oil producer.


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The Opel Slalom was a mid-size luxury concept car that was manufactured by the car manufacturer Opel in collaboration with the design company Bertone. The car was first presented to the public at the Geneva Motor Show in March 1996. The Slalom had one such 2.0-litre turbocharged 16-valve I4 engine which produced  and used the layout of F4.

The same engine was also used in the production Opel Calibra, which was produced from 1989 to 1997.

References

External links

Slalom
Slalom
Cars introduced in 1996
All-wheel-drive vehicles
Executive cars
Coupés

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Greeting Cards Birds is a set of 50 all occasion cards that's ready at a moments notice for just about any occasion.
A complete set of 50 beautifully illustrated greeting cards birds including envelopes. Presented in a handy keepsake box.
To say nothing of having a complete set of cards at the ready, think of the savings of buying all these individually. For Instance, Birthdays, Weddings, Get Well, Thank You are all there. Now you have the right card at the right time you need one.
This is a limited edition set of cards. Meaning, you better get them while they last!


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The State of Utah v. John Richard Kocher : Brief of Appellant
Appeal from a judgment of conviction for Exercising Unlawful Control Over a Motor Vehicle, a class A misdemeanor, in violation of Utah Code Ann. § 41-la-1311 (1993); Possession of a Controlled Substance, a third degree felony, in violation of Utah Code Ann. § 58-37-8(2) (a) (i) (Supp. 1998); and Interference With a Peace Officer Making an Arrest, a class B misdemeanor, in violation of Utah Code Ann. § 76-8-305 (1995) , in the Third Judicial District Court in and for Salt Lake County, State of Utah, the Honorable Roger A. Livingston, Judge, presiding.
Jan Graham; Attorney General; Attorney for Appellee.
Joan C. Watt; Karen Stam; Salt Lake Legal Defender Association; Attorneys for Appellant.
Brief of Appellant, Utah v. Kocher, No. 981513 (Utah Court of Appeals, 1998).


If you share your home with a Barking Betty or Barking Bubba, you know how crazy it can make you. Incessant, nonsense barking every time the wind blows, a trash truck stops, or a squirrel runs across the lawn can make you wish for a magic wand to stop the barking. Luckily, you don't need a magic wand- just a few tips from some professional dog trainers like the ones in today's Training Tips.
It may sound counterintuitive, but many trainers recommend you teach your dog to bark on command before teaching them when it's not ok to bark.
And knowing what triggers your dog can also be a big help.
Helping your dog learn to discern when it's ok to bark is also important.
Remember, if one approach doesn't work, be patient and try something new.
And if you're teaching a puppy, try this method.
To stop a dog from barking due to stimulation, the stimuli must be interrupted. Whether it be a beep, vibration, a touch, or visual cue; it is necessary to redirect him from whatever is instigating the barking. I use an empty plastic water bottle by just squeezing it. The sound gains their attention so that I can verbally correct them.
If your pup is barking at you or for your attention, often waiting him out is necessary. A dog often shares the same state of mind as a baby or toddler. So verbal commands will often just further enable the behavior. Sometimes in scenarios with more than one dog, treating the dogs not barking can help the barker understand that he must become quiet if he wants a treat or attention. Be sure to pay attention to your pup. If your dog is acting out of the ordinary, he may be trying to tell you something. Keep in mind that dogs' senses are far superior to ours, and they could be warning us that true danger is present. HE could also be telling you that he doesn't feel well since he cannot simply explain himself with words or in a note.
Positive reinforcement, such as treats or praise, is just as important as correction. Always remember that a dog must be taught what they should be doing, not just what they should not do. "You shouldn't be barking. Instead, you should be sitting and waiting to be pet or for a treat."
Sometimes, training your dog requires you to think outside the box and try new things based on your dog's unique likes and personality. Don't be afraid to try an idea you think might work!
My dogs have given me an entirely new spiritual perspective on life. I now have a genuine understanding of unconditional love and provision.


, city (1994 est. pop. 211,700), N central Fujian prov., China, on the upper Min River. An important rail hub, it has expanded from a regional market town to include cement, paper-product, chemical, and machine-tool manufacturing.


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'Teen Wolf' Season 4 Premiere Recap - 'The Dark...
'Teen Wolf' Season 4 Premiere Recap - 'The Dark Moon'
By Elinor Cosgrave in Movies / TV / Theatre on 24 June 2014
Dylan O'Brien Tyler Hoechlin Jill Wagner Holland Roden Shelley Hennig
'The Dark Moon', the premiere of season 4 of 'Teen Wolf', saw Scott and co. head to Mexico in order to rescue Derek.
The season premiere of Teen Wolf season 4 aired on Monday (23rd June) on MTV. The episode saw the supernatural gang continue on their journey to find werewolf Derek.
Tyler Posey stars as Scott McCall on Teen Wolf.
The show which first aired in 2011 is in its 4th season. The series, based on the 1985 film of the same name, stars Tyler Posey (Scott McCall) as a high school student juggling his nocturnal werewolf activities and his everyday life. Dylan O'Brien co-stars as Tyler's close friend Stiles whilst Tyler Hoechlin plays another werewolf Derek Hale. The core cast are supported by Holland Roden, Shelley Hennig and Arden Cho.
The episode, entitled The Dark Moon, saw our heroes head to Mexico to find Derek who was seemingly in a bizarre dream like state when we last saw him in season 3, pursued by werewolf hunter Kate (Jill Wagner).
So, in case you missed last night's episode, here's a quick recap:
The Calaveras, a mafia like gang, were rumoured to be holding Derek and although careful diplomacy was carried out by Stiles and Lydia (Holland Roden) it failed to do the trick. More elaborate - not to mention violent - methods were needed. Kira, Malia and Scott managed to gain entry to the Calaveras' den complete with downstairs house party. Whilst Stiles and Lydia attempted to talk Derek to freedom, Kira and Malia created a distraction by dancing provocatively before forcibly suppressing the entire Calaveras gang.
Holland Roden stars as Lydia in Teen Wolf.
Unfortunately the Calavaras didn't have Derek and a number of the gang were kidnapped including Lydia, Scott and Kira. Scott was electrocuted by Kira and had a vision which showed Kate was still alive.
Cue Kate's entrance. Derek is being held by Kate somewhere underground.
Back with the Calaveras, we discover they have sent a search party for Derek but with no success. They decided to let the group so free, even though none of their own men have returned. This appears to have been due to the Calaveras freeing Kate but she caused general havoc and they want her safely captured. The group are provided with a guide, a flashback from season 3, Braeden the mercenary.
When Stiles' jeep breaks down on the way to find Derek, Braeden and Scott go ahead. The others are left behind but there's something unpleasant and definitely supernatural lurking close by. Braeden and Scott find some ruined buildings and promptly explore them, whilst discussing Scott's relationship with Kira. Braedon and Scott have managed to find Derek after defeating a monster.
Meanwhile, Stiles manages to fix the jeep in the nick of time as Kira and Malia have reported back that something close by smells like death. The jeep reaches the ruins as Scott and Braeden are carrying Derek out.
What did you think of the premiere? What questions do you have? And are you still missing Allison?
Dylan O'Brien plays Derek.
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« Back to Artist Directory
Photo courtesy of the Brown Mountain Lights Festival
Jimmy Wiseman
Fiddle player Spruce Pine, NC (Avery County)
Jimmy Wiseman grew up in a musical family in Avery County, and he played in traditional string bands for much of his life. Jimmy's mother and father played for dances in their house and around the community. His father played a banjo with a cat-skin head, and his mother played the fiddle. His parents were constantly bringing different musicians into the house, and on Saturday nights they would pull back the furniture for square dances.
Jimmy got a Stella guitar when he was 14 years old. He ordered a book that had guitar chords, and he taught himself to play. He said everyone seemed to be playing guitar at that time, so Jimmy started playing fiddle. Over the years he added mandolin and bass to his arsenal, but the fiddle became his primary instrument. Jimmy and his brother would play at the VFW clubs, courthouses, and schoolhouses. A move to Rutherford County, a few miles from Forest City, brought him in contact with Earl Scruggs, and Jimmy used to play music with him when they were teens. They would often play at schoolhouses on Saturdays and on a radio program in Spartanburg on Sunday mornings. Then Jimmy would return home for the week to help work on the farm and go to school. One time, he won a music contest and got to play on the Arthur Smith show.
Jimmy joined the Army and served in World War II. When he returned, he continued working for the Air Force, which carried him to a number of destinations. He worked in an airplane camp in Dallas, Texas for about ten years, and while there he played with the Callahan Brothers (Bill and Joe aka "Walter and Homer") on KRLD radio. He also worked in California for about ten years, and while he was there he made recordings with Skinny Hardy and the Trailblazers and played with the Nighthearders in San Diego for tips. In Baltimore for a couple years, he played every night at the Oasis club with his brother Kent, who was a great banjo player.
Jimmy returned to Avery County in 1971, and he continued playing with family members and friends in the community. Some of these musicians included fiddler Lawrence Wiseman, Jim Vance, and Frank Wiseman, a lead guitar player. Jimmy also played with Raymond Fairchild. Jimmy's grandson, Billy Constable, was a professional musician who lived on an adjoining property, and they spent a lot of time together playing music.
Jimmy Wiseman passed away on May 10, 2009 at the age of 89.
This page honors the life and legacy of a directory artist who has since passed away.


It's all in the lighting. The mood, the look, and the comfortability of your home—they are all influenced by the lighting. Using warm, soft lights, you can easily create a romantic and intimate atmosphere. Similarly, numerous bright white lights in a room create a pristine, hospital-like atmosphere.
Some homeowners install a single ceiling light and think that's that, while others go crazy with recessed lighting fixtures in every room. However, good lighting is more than the number of lights used; it's also how you use them. Get your home lighting right by following these five simple tips.
There are three types of lighting—ambient, task, and accent. If you want good lighting at home, layering all three is key. Ambient lighting comes from a ceiling or overhead light and provides general illumination to an entire room.
Task lighting can be from a table or floor lamp, track lights, or pendant lights. It's used to help you do certain tasks, like reading, writing, cooking, or applying makeup.
Combining all three in a room ensures that there's a balance of brightness in the area. While the ceiling light illuminates the entire space, the task and accent lighting help dispel the shadows it casts, assists in doing specific tasks, and adds a layer to the place.
Lighting is not for function alone, but it can also be part of your decoration. Instead of basic fixtures, you could use fancy ones, like coastal-inspired lighting, retro fixtures, or vintage lamps, to add more character to your home.
The bigger, the better? Not exactly. When it comes to choosing the right size for lighting fixtures, you should take into consideration the size of the room. Too big and too bright, and it can be uncomfortable and harmful to your eyes. The same goes if the fixtures are too small and therefore don't provide enough light.
For chandeliers, one should take the sum of the length and width of the room to get the right fixture size in inches. For a 10-by-10-foot room, a 30-inch diameter chandelier will do.
There's also a rule to follow to balance the length of the chandelier with the height of the room. This time, you must get the ceiling height in feet and multiply it by 2.5 to 3. Replace the unit of measurement from feet to inches, and you have the recommended chandelier length. So a 10-foot ceiling should need a chandelier with a height of 25 to 30 inches.
Different rooms have different lighting needs. You can check out this guide for more details about finding the right lighting fixture size for every room in the house.
Natural light is the best source of illumination during daylight. It's powerful, all-encompassing, and most of all, free! Sunlight also offers a lot of health benefits. For one, direct exposure to sunlight kills the germs and bacteria in your home, staving away common illnesses like the flu.
Soaking up some sunshine for 5 to 15 minutes also helps the body produce vitamin D, which is essential for immune boosting, calcium absorption, and bone development. Sunshine is also highly effective in combating symptoms of seasonal affective disorder, or SAD, which is triggered by the changing seasons.
That said, pull up your curtains and blinds, and let the natural light bathe your home.
Your lighting and wall color need to harmonize in order to achieve the full effect you want in the room. Some colors reflect light while others absorb it. If your goal is light, fresh vibe, light or soft colors work better at brightening up space and making it look spacious and airy. Cool white lights typically work well with these colors.
Dark colors do the opposite. They absorb light, so they make the room look smaller, dimmer, and more intimate. If that's what you want, soft white lights, which are yellowish, can make the room more inviting and relaxing.
It's not just the color of your walls that matters. The color and tone of your flooring, furniture, and home accessories also matter in creating harmony in your interior.
Artificial lights use energy to illuminate a space. Some use more power than others. With the environmental problems the world is facing now, all homeowners should be more conscious of their use of energy in the house.
Instead of the old incandescent light, use eco-friendly light bulbs such as LED (light emitting diode) or CFLs (compact fluorescent lights) to save energy. LED lamps use about 75 percent less energy and can last 25 times longer than standard incandescent bulbs do.
CFLs also use reduced energy, unlike incandescent bulbs, but they don't save as much power as LED lamps do. In short, LED is more cost-effective and environmentally friendly.
Lighting is a fundamental component to get right in your home. It doesn't just affect the look of your abode, but it also helps make your home to be more livable, comfortable, and inviting. When it comes to getting the lighting right in your home, it's not only the quantity that matters.
Layering, balancing the size of the lighting fixtures and the room, the color palette or the interior, and the amount of natural light that's able to get in the house are all important considerations in achieving good lighting.
How To Select The Best Glass Top Table For Modern Homes?


The post-recession economy in Greensboro is lagging behind other areas in the country, making our metro area one of the fastest-growing areas of urban poverty in the United States. While more people are working again, many are employed in jobs that pay very low wages.
The effect on our neighbors, children most especially, has devastating potential.
Greensboro Urban Ministry is here, as it has been since 1967, to help families in crisis find relief.
Whether through food, housing, employment, or case management assistance, we meet these individuals where they are and work with them to rebuild. With their cooperation, input, and support to ensure success, Greensboro Urban Ministry provides the tools and support needed until they can again become self-sufficient.


The Chairman and Managing director of Air Peace, Mr Allen Onyema says the company is committed to linking all Nigerian cities by air.
Mr. Onyema said that the airline's commitment to link all Nigerian cities by air under its No-city-left-behind programme is irrevocable.
He stated "We are in Yola to offer nothing but the best air travel experience. We promise not to lower the high standards we have been known for since we started operations. As has been the experience wherever we have launched our operations, today signifies the end of needless delays and cancellations on the Yola route," said Onyema.
Allen who represented by the spokesman of the airline, Mr Chris Iwara said that the launch of Lagos-Yola-Lagos and Abuja-Yola-Abuja services just days after the inauguration of the Lagos-Kano-Lagos and Kano-Abuja-Kano routes opens a new chapter in their spectacular flight operations.
"We are quite hopeful that our great experience here will positively impact our plan to expand into other cities in the north of Nigeria and some other grossly under-served areas of the country in the days and months ahead.
Also speaking, the manager, Butu Travel and Tours, Mr. Abdullahi Hamman pledged to cooperate with the airline in selling its tickets and said "We will be issuing tickets for Air Peace in Yola and Abuja. We hope and pray Air Peace maintains time schedule for flights.


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Olympic Sprinter, Shavez Hart Shot Dead At 29 After Trying To Break Up An Argument Outside A Nightclub
in Shocking, Sports
by How Africa News September 6, 2022, 8:28 pm
Bahamian Olympic sprinter, Shavez Hart has reportedly been shot dead after trying to break up an argument outside a nightclub at 2am.
According to Mail Online, Hart, 29, was killed as he tried to stop a group of men from fighting in the carpark of a nightclub in Mount Hope on the Abaco Islands of the Bahamas in the early hours of Saturday morning, September 4.
ALSO READ: Mike Tyson Threatens to Beat US-based Ghanaian Comedian Michael Blackson for Disrespecting His Daughter
It was gathered that one of the men involved in the altercation reportedly left the parking lot and got a gun out of his car before shooting Hart in the chest.
Hart, who competed in the Rio 2016 Olympic Games and has a wife and son, was rushed to a local hospital where he was pronounced dead. He would have turned 30 on Tuesday.
A suspect was later arrested and taken into police custody, according to local media.
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Hart's mother, Shammaine Hart, told the Nassau Guardian: 'He was such a good son – very quiet and always helpful. He did a lot of work in the community and was always trying to give back. I will certainly miss him.'
The country's prime minister, Philip Brave Davis, paid tribute to Hart and said the Bahamas is 'blessed to have a great athlete to carry our flag around the world'.
Davis said on Twitter: 'On behalf of my family and the people of the Bahamas, I offer my heartfelt condolences to the family of Shavez Hart.
'As a country we are blessed to have a great athlete to carry our flag around the world. Ann and I will keep the Shavez family in our thoughts and prayers.'
The Bahamian sports minister Mario Bowleg said; 'It is with great sadness that I express my heartfelt condolences to the family of the late Olympian Shavez Hart!'
Hart was an eight-time Bahamian champion in 100 metre and 200 metre sprints.
He qualified for the Rio 2016 Olympic Games with a time of 10.10 seconds in the 100m sprint, a personal best that meant he became the third fastest Bahamanian of all time.
Hart had earlier attended the Texas A&M University where he competed in track events. He also competed in the 2013 CAC Championships and won the gold medal in the 4x100m relay in Morelia, Mexico.
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This is body copy set in Gotham Book with tracking at 20. This type hierarchy combines modern, clean typefaces with the original Kepler Std. The use of Knockout gives variation for points of emphasis while Gotham Bold is used for small accent piece. All typefaces are very readable.


Black mold has long been media's dear and they love to spice up the controversy ever still. No matter, how flashy the rumors, truth always surfaces and takes over. This article is an attempt to bring out the true facts about this so called fungus.
The toxicity of this fungus has been a favorite in the world of media and entertainment. The sudden death of British actress Brittany Murphy and her husband due to pneumonia raised several moldy questions towards their damp and mold infested home.
Apart from S. chartarum's association with celebrity deaths and animal deaths, now word has also spread of this fungus invading certain campuses.
It is true that certain damp corners of the campus building may be home to mold but authorities have assured panic stricken students about the harmlessness of the mold.
One of the biggest myths of the recent days has been black mold's association with the Damp building related illness (DBRI).
One of the most startling of the rumors also held that one is not to upset the mold by disturbing it. If disturbed it tends to release its spores. Well this is totally untrue since the microscopic spores of this mold are air borne and can easily travel through air even when the mold is untouched.
Asthma and Pulmonary Hemorrhage: Asthma patients and individuals with low immunity or weak lungs should stay away from this mold. Exposure in such cases can lead to chronic coughing and wheezing. This is caused by the fungus spores that when inhaled, irritate the thin linings of the lungs.
Black mold spores carry a poisonous substance known as mycotoxins that are responsible for the irritation in the lungs. If the coughing gets worse, it can lead to pulmonary hemorrhage or lung bleeding.
Slow Functioning Brain: this fungus releases tricothecene mycotoxins that are known to bring about slow damage to the human brain cells. As such it can trigger short term memory in an individual.
Anxiety and Depression: Presence of S.chartarum inside your home can lead to depression and anxiety in a person.
Nausea: Black mold also triggers chronic headaches leaving a person feel dizzy and nauseated. Some even experience vomiting and nose bleeding upon prolonged exposure.
The ultimate truth about this mold is that it is a fungus that is toxic to a certain extent, but it is not necessarily life threatening. In fact certain research has discovered that there is little or no chance for this fungus to survive inside the human body for more than seven days.
However S. chartarum or even mold of any type should not be welcomed to your homes. Apart from the mess and musty odor, this fungus also causes allergies that affect your skin, eyes and the respiratory system. If you spot this mold growth get rid of it immediately. Scrub it off using soap and bleach. You can also use mold disinfectants.
We can sum up by concluding that indoor black mold is not beneficial to health but it does not call for panic.


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Reaction products of 6-hydroxy-5-nitrosonaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid, chelated with iron (3+), sodium salts.
ErC50 (frond number, dry weight) > 100 mg/l (A.I., nominal)
EC50 for freshwater plants:
EC10 or NOEC for freshwater plants:
The inhibitory effects of the test material to Lemna minor were investigated over a period of 7 days, based on the frond number and dry weight, following the guideline OECD 221 and EU Method C.26, in GLP compliance. The test was performed as a limit test at 150.4 mg/l nominal concentration of the test item, corresponding to 100 mg/l of the active ingredient, under static conditions. Blank controls were tested in parallel. Chemical analysis of the test concentrations as well as oxygen, pH and temperature measurements were performed. The test concentrations could be maintained satisfactorily over the whole 7-day test period (95 % of the initial value after 7 days), the effective concentrations (ErC50 and EyC50) were assessed based on the nominal concentration of the active ingredient. The two endpoints frond number and biomass (dry weight) were investigated at days 2, 5 and 7, and each of them were assessed as growth rate and yield.
No significant effects were observed with respect to the endpoints frond number and biomass at the nominal concentration of 100 mg/l as compared to the untreated control.
Based on these results, the 7-day effective levels are:
EyC50 (frond number, dry weight) > 100 mg/l (A.I., nominal)
NOErC (frond number, dry weight) = 100 mg/l (A.I., nominal)
NOEyC (frond number, dry weight) = 100 mg/l (A.I., nominal)


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Materials Scientists, Conservators Join Forces...
Materials Scientists, Conservators Join Forces to Preserve Silver Artifacts and Art
SCIART
Antoine-Louis Barye, Walking Lion; Striding Lion (Racing Trophy), 1865, silver on marble plinth, 19 1/2 x 26 3/4 x 8 3/4 in., The Walters Art Museum, Baltimore. This sculpture, whose detailed surface makes it difficult to protect from tarnish, would be a prime candidate to receive a new, nanometers-thick coating being developed by materials scientists and conservators at the Walters Art Museum and the A. James Clark School of Engineering at the University of Maryland. Image courtesy of the Walters Art Museum.
Where there's silver, there's tarnish. While getting the tarnish off your flatware might be an occasional inconvenience, to museum curators and conservators, it's a threat to irreplaceable works of art.
To protect these objects for generations to come, scientists from the A. James Clark School of Engineering at the University of Maryland, College Park, have teamed up with conservators from the Walters Art Museum in Baltimore, Md., to develop and test a new, high-tech way to protect silver art objects and artifacts, using coatings that are mere nanometers thick.
The technique, called atomic layer deposition (ALD), will be used to create nanometer-thick, metal oxide films which, when applied to an artifact, are both transparent and optimized to reduce the rate of silver corrosion. The films are created when an object is exposed to two or more gases that react with its surface.
"ALD gives us an exquisite level of control, literally at the atomic level," says Department of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) Professor Ray Phaneuf, one of the investigators working on the project. "It's an effective, low-cost strategy to reduce corrosion that preserves artifact appearance and composition while complying with the rigorous standards of art conservation practice."
Eric Breitung, a scientist who runs E-squared Art Conservation Science, proposed the collaboration after conducting preliminary investigations into the use of ALD on silver at New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art.
"I approached members of the Clark School faculty because of their expertise and the university's extensive ALD facilities at the Maryland NanoCenter," he says, adding that the faculty members' previous collaborations with museums made them a good match for the Walters and its silver collection.
Walters Art Museum Conservation Scientist Glenn Gates explains the goals the new coating has to achieve.
"First, its appearance must be acceptable for display in a museum context. It has to be tough enough to endure transport and handling, but not so tough that it can't be removed. It needs to be completely removable so an object can be re-treated to meet future standards of conservation and aesthetics. And finally, it should not cause any harm to a piece, even if it breaks down."
Gates, who works with the Walters' world-class silver collection, is well acquainted with the battle against tarnish. He points out the project's figurative mascot, Antoine Louis Barye's 1865 Walking Lion sculpture, as exactly the sort of piece that could one day benefit from the new treatment. It has been cleaned and lacquered twice since 1949, but in both cases ultimately experienced deterioration problems with its coatings. It is currently unlacquered but must be kept in a special exhibition case to ward off tarnish.
"The Walking Lion represents a complex shape that, being difficult to coat with traditional lacquer, might benefit from ALD protection," he says.
The team will test the new technique, first on small samples of fine and sterling silver, and then on objects from Gates' own collection, such as 19th century demitasse spoons and Morgan silver dollars. While the Walters does not expect any pieces from its collection to receive the experimental treatment during the course of the study, once it has been proven effective and safe, the Walking Lion would be a prime candidate for this procedure.
The three-year project is one of the first to be funded by the National Science Foundation's Chemistry and Materials Research at the Interface between Science and Art (SCIART) grant program, which supports projects in the field of cultural heritage science through the funding of collaborations among conservation experts in museums and scientists in academia. The SCIART program will be highlighted at the 2011 national meeting of the American Chemical Society, which has invited the team to present their work.
The project's other team members include the museum's Director of Conservation and Technical Research Terry Drayman-Weisser, a recognized metals expert, and, from the University of Maryland's Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Professor Gary Rubloff, Research Associate Laurent Henn-Lecordier, and Graduate Assistant Amy Marquardt, who brings to the project her previous experience working on bronze patinas with the Smithsonian's Museum Conservation Institute.
In April 2011 the National Science Foundation's Science Nation web site, which highlights scientific discoveries for the public, debuted a video segment about the project called "Silver Saver," narrated by former CNN chief technology and environment correspondent Miles O'Brien.
Read Baltimore Sun reporter Mary McCauley's story about the project, "Grant could help make tarnish history"»
Visit the Department of Materials Science and Engineering web site »
Visit the Walters Art Museum web site »
Visit the Maryland NanoCenter web site »
Visit the NSF SCIART grant homepage »
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35 years HVAC experience 20 years specialising in humidity solutions.
Engineered humidity solutions for many industries. Always eager to help any customer regardless of application type.
Melissa specialises in process dehumidification with experience in a range of industries including pharmaceutical/laboratories, food processing, pre-conditioning, as well as specialised temporary applications.
Humiscope strives to be your air treatment supplier of choice, promising to exceed the expectations of professional service and quality, while respecting your vision, budget and company profitability.


As the years pass and your marriage progresses, I am willing to bet that you are not in the same relationship from which you began. Oh you may still be with the one you originally married, but the relationship is not the same. It can't be. We constantly change and evolve. It is one of the natural laws that can not be avoided. I would also be willing to bet that most of us would not want to still be in that same relationship.
Every relationship starts off in that euphoric, sappy state of being where you can not imagine life without the other. You spend all your time each day wondering what the other person is doing, thinking, feeling, and if they miss you as much as you miss them; even though you've only been apart for 15 minutes. As we have all experienced, this state can not last forever and life settles in. This is where the relationship is faced with the choice of either growing or deteriorating. Now this may be a bit simplistic but it is still true. How much planning is spent on relational growth from this point? Have you developed a vision of your relationship down the road? Now. Five years from now. Ten. Twenty.
We are each capable of pointing out what is wrong with our relationship or what is missing (we are also quick to point this out in our spouse). How often are we willing to do this about ourselves? We need to be able to develop a vision for ourselves; and then for our relationship. Only then will life begin to run more smoothly. When you don't know where you want to go, any route will do. If you have a vision for where you want to go, you can then share that with your spouse and get their input on a shared vision, of which you will only control half.
A relationship vision begins with three distinct, yet interrelated concepts. They are space, clarity, and personal development. These concepts are born out of the idea that we are capable of creating the life we desire from intention. The first step to creating from intention is to focus within ourselves. This week will set the foundation briefly for each of these concepts and the following weeks will go more in depth.
The things in our lives require space. When we have enough space, things run smoothly. Space usually entails many different areas; physical, mental, time, emotional and spiritual. We all know what is like to not have enough space. You board your plane for the flight to the coast and discover you are sitting next to the person that you swear used to play offensive lineman for the Cowboys. When we don't have enough space, we are often short. Short of room, short of temper, short of clarity.
Clarity is the ability to see both close and far with awareness and insight. Clarity is instrumental in developing the life and relationship we want. This involves not just what we want in our life, but also what we do not want. What are the things you want to have in your relationship? What are your relationship deal breakers? Spend some time developing a clear vision of life going forward. Realize however, that when another person is involved with the fulfillment of this vision, you will have to adapt and adjust at times since you can not control what they want for their own lives.
The last area is personal development, which is necessary for sustained growth. The previous two areas will produce short term improvement, but lasting growth will only come from you developing into a better human. When both members of the relationship take care of this within themselves, a tremendous amount of energy is created.
In the following weeks we will discuss each topic more in depth. Feel free to join in the discussion with questions and comments along the way.


text:
UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A Mission to Reform Manners: Religion, Secularization, and Empire in Early Modern England
Author(s): Taback, Naomi Johanna
Advisor(s): Jacob, Margaret
This dissertation looks at three voluntary societies formed in London shortly after the revolution of 1688. These societies, with overlapping membership, shared a broad vision for the improvement of manners and morals throughout the burgeoning British Empire. The Society for Reformation of Manners, founded in 1691, called for the enforcement of the civil laws against prostitution, swearing, drunkenness, gambling, and other moral crimes. The Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, founded in 1698, established schools and distributed books--forming some of the first public lending libraries--throughout England and its colonies. The Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, founded in 1701, sent missionaries abroad to convert, educate and civilize the European settlers, African slaves, and American Indians.
I show that in response to the uncertainties of the post-revolutionary period and the establishment of religious toleration in 1689, religiously motivated reformers advanced new ideas about the nature of society. They looked to shared manners, habits, customs and mores--rather than shared religious beliefs and practices--as the binding agents of society. Reformers described the benefits good manners brought individuals and communities; good manners, they said, were essential to a stable, commercial, tolerant society. Thus I show that some of the most religious people in this period spoke in secular terms. As the ideas and practices of religious toleration became more firmly rooted in English society, people turned to manners as the glue that held the community--or nation--together. This is the birth of a particular strand of social thinking.
This dissertations then follows the process by which ideas of religious diversity were transformed in the context of the colonies. The societies hoped to encourage better--and more uniform--manners and habits on both sides of the Atlantic, bringing all peoples of the empire under a common cultural denominator. In doing so, they created a new imperial ideology. An explication of the writings of these reformers, then, offers new insights into the making of secular culture in the Atlantic World and the origins of the Enlightenment in England.
Building Capacity at Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISI): Cultivating Leaders and Civic Engagement through Federal Policy
Nguyen, Mike Hoa Thai
Challenging Objectives: A Legal and Empirical Analysis of the Substantive FAPE Standard After Endrew F.
Bueso, Leah
Identification of modulators of deoxyribonucleotide pools and replication stress in cancer
Poddar, Soumya
Improved Detection of Native Conformation Proteins with Hydrogel Interfaced Nanopores
Acharya, Shiv Jagat
Essays on Industrial Organization
Caoui, El Hadi


See the "City of Lights" Lit Up for the Night . Discover the Magical City of Paris at Night and Marvel at the Illuminated Monuments of the French Capital.
If during the day we notice the big boulevards and their buildings in perspective, at night our perceptions change.
The special lighting that the city prepared for the monuments make them the true stars of the night tour.
They transform into points of light scattered throughout the city and create an atmosphere of charm and romanticism.
During our Night City Tour in Paris, we will show these illuminated spots and the weather of Paris at night.
During the day Paris is one thing but at night is another completely different and you realized this doing the tour with us.
Tour around Paris at night and discover a vibrant city full of charm.
The tour is held by car and we will see the main highlights of Paris.
Our Night City Tour in Paris Also Includes a Boat Trip on the Senna River.
Besides seeing Paris at night during a part of the tour you will get amazing images from the Senna River.
This tour combines with Latin Paradis Show, Moulin Rouge, Dinner on the Senna River, Lido or Crazy Horse.
Back in Brazil, we would like to thank the entire team of "France among friends" for the support we have been given. Your support was instrumental in making our stay in France full of happy moments. All tours met our expectations. Not to mention that with you, we know more and spend less, than the predictions we had made to make the tours on their own ... one of the successes of our trip was to have opted for the support of your team. We will recommend you to all our friends and family. Congratulations on your professionalism and continue on this path that will go very far !!!
Great. Everything that was hired was fulfilled. Very polite and helpful. On a next trip we will make contact again.


text:
Ceroglossus speciosus is a species of beetle in the family Carabidae.

References

Carabinae


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text:
MOON PALACE
320 pages, Faber and Faber, London, 1989
Review by Bill Kirton
I should never have started reading this. Two questions then – why did I start and why am I saying I shouldn't have? I started because Auster was recommended to me by a friend most of whose tastes I share, who's a voracious reader and who claims Auster as her favourite writer. I started with New York Trilogy and was bored stiff and irritated by it. Writing fiction about writing and writers is a precarious endeavour; making one of your characters yourself – giving him your name, location and profession – is provocative and calls for a few more clues than Auster gives you (or, at least, gave me); a narrative that seems to turn around itself time and time again is frustrating. I told my friend all this so she suggested I try one of his more conventional (not her word) stories, with a plot, etc. Of the two she suggested, I chose Moon Palace.
OK, I should preface everything that follows with a recognition that Auster is a revered, admired novelist whose reputation has been earned through a series of books which have been praised by respected literary critics with far better pedigrees than mine. Even I recognise that he can definitely write. Many sentences stopped me in my tracks and I re-read them just to savour their perfection. Just one example – '"He was alone now, entirely separate from everyone: a bulbous, egg-shaped monad plodding through the shambles of his consciousness." And he can definitely think, too. He slides so easily into instantly graspable elements of existentialism that Sartre (although perhaps not Camus) could have learned a thing or two from him. He calls attention to the fact that many of the actions his characters perform are given validity retrospectively. One character "was no longer going to let others determine who he was", the first person narrator sees '"a way of saving myself thro the minds of others."
Also, the three separate but closely linked stories of the three generations all have the same shape and end in the same way, so we have the famous critical response to Waiting for Godot as 'a play in which nothing happens. Twice' repeated here. Thrice. So, with his immaculate credentials as writer, existentialist and absurdist beyond question, perhaps this 'review' is nothing more than an indictment of my skill as a reader.
I think the problem is possibly that he's actually a very good story teller and when the narrative pauses or slides to give way to his self-awareness about constructing it, I feel let down. I'm becoming absorbed in the story and the characters and, suddenly, he seems to tire of them and find it much more interesting to speculate about the nature of books, reading, words. His preoccupation with writing still keeps making itself evident and actually undermines the narrative. Perhaps that's the point. It seems that, to him, narratives are unreliable, improbable, even impossible, so he won't give me the satisfaction of getting lost in one. At one moment I'm enjoying the company of his characters and their idiosyncrasies, the next they've retreated and I'm confronted with his solipsism. His narrator even says at one point "My self-absorption was so intense that I could no longer see things for what they were: objects became thoughts, and every thought was part of the drama being played out inside me." Well, great Paul, why not just let us share them with you through the drama? Stop telling us self-evident absurdist truths such as "the world enters us through our eyes, but we cannot make sense of it until it descends into our mouths."
And yet, and yet … the simplicity of some of his images is very powerful. The narrator glories in the sole legacy he gets from a much-loved uncle – his books. He then has to start selling them to survive and, as they disappear, his life becomes "a gathering zero". The novel that's being written by the father within his novel is marked by coincidences and melodrama, but so is Moon Palace itself – deliberately so.
At one point he writes of "imagination in its purest form: the act of bringing nonexistent things to life, of persuading others to accept a world that [is] not really there." That's a distillation of the novelist's art. It's also a wry articulation of the dilemma of existential identity. But faced with that dilemma, many of us enjoy escaping into structured, convincing fictions which seem to convey meaning, purpose, resolution. Ultimately, we know they're false, but the illusion of that alternative reality is comforting. Auster is too good a story teller. He gives us that escape dimension but he hangs notices everywhere to remind us of its (and our) unreality.
Labels: Bill Kirton