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Development Matters
Discussions on development opportunities and challenges.
New social contract
Reviving multilateralism
Category: Data
Data, Latin America and the Caribbean, New social contract
Why governing data is key for the future of cities
By Carlos Santiso, Director and Marcelo Facchina, Lead Smart Cities Specialist, Digital Innovation in Government Directorate, Development Bank of Latin America
Leer este blog en español
Technology is changing city dwellers lives, as well as how urban centres evolve to meet their needs. The pandemic has accelerated this transformation, and the digital transition has generated an explosion of data, especially in cities. In this context, the ability of local governments to manage urban problems will be paramount for the recovery, and the pandemic has helped us better understand the missing elements we need to govern cities effectively. For instance, the World Bank's World Development Report of 2021 underscored that a data infrastructure policy is one of the building blocks of a good data governance framework, both to foster the local data economy and promote digital inclusion.
Continue reading "Why governing data is key for the future of cities"
Development Matters 12 May 2021 5 November 2021
Porque los datos son centrales para el futuro de las ciudades
Por Carlos Santiso y Marcelo Facchina – respectivamente, director y especialista líder en ciudades inteligentes de la dirección de innovación digital del estado de CAF – Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina
Read this blog in English
Las tecnologías están cambiando la vida de las personas en las ciudades y la forma en que los centros urbanos evolucionan para satisfacer sus necesidades. La pandemia aceleró esta transformación de manera disruptiva.
Continue reading "Porque los datos son centrales para el futuro de las ciudades"
Development Matters 23 April 2021 5 November 2021
Building resilience, Data, Gender, Women and Girls
Women in industry – why we need more gender-sensitive statistics
By Jenny Larsen, United Nations Industrial Development Organisation
Since COVID-19 emerged in late 2019, scientists have been poring over the data to understand better how the virus behaves and how to fight it. But studies show that many trials fail to take the sex of participants into account – meaning eagerly awaited vaccines or treatments could be less effective in the female population. Data from Global Health 50/50 show that as of December 2020 only 58 percent of COVID-19 cases reported by 186 countries had been disaggregated by sex, making it much harder to assess the impact of the virus across populations.
Continue reading "Women in industry – why we need more gender-sensitive statistics"
Development Matters 8 February 2021 5 November 2021
Covid-19, Data
Combating COVID-19: Data everywhere but not the kind we need
By Julia Schmidt, Policy Analyst, Archita Misra, Policy Analyst and Johannes Jütting, Executive Head, Partnership in Development for the 21st Century (PARIS21)
This blog is part of a series on tackling COVID-19 in developing countries. Visit the OECD dedicated page to access the OECD's data, analysis and recommendations on the health, economic, financial and societal impacts of COVID-19 worldwide.
Earlier this year at the Munich Security Conference, World Health Organisation Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said, "We're not just fighting an epidemic; we're fighting an infodemic". He was referring to the excessive amount of information surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. Data dashboards, aggregators and charts of all types have formed the basis of much of what we know about the pandemic, lending a veneer of legitimacy to often contradictory or competing claims. While it is true that on some levels we have never had so much data, it may not be the data we need for sustained policy response and recovery. This is especially true among least-developed countries, where looming data gaps, even in foundational statistics, persist and may seriously undermine the ability of governments to develop effective COVID-19 response and recovery measures. Continue reading "Combating COVID-19: Data everywhere but not the kind we need"
Development Matters 17 June 2020 17 June 2020 1 Comment
Covid-19, Data, Policy
How microeconomics can help devise evidence-based policy responses to COVID-19
By Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak, Professor of Economics at Yale University, and Faculty director of the Yale Research Initiative on Innovation and Scale (Y-RISE), and Jaya Wen, Postdoctoral Fellow, Northwestern University
The new coronavirus has already exacted a profound toll all over the world. A notable feature of COVID-19's course is that early outbreaks occurred primarily in middle- and high-income countries, so evidence and policy guidance have been tailored for these contexts. Policymakers will need to reevaluate these approaches as the disease progresses to poor countries. Even if the ultimate objective remains protecting the quality and extent of human life everywhere, effective intermediate goals and policy approaches are context-dependent, modulated by factors like health care capacity, poverty levels, government capacity, economic informality, and the prevalence of high-density, low-infrastructure living conditions. Continue reading "How microeconomics can help devise evidence-based policy responses to COVID-19"
Development Matters 6 May 2020 6 May 2020 2 Comments
COVID-19 and Development Co-operation: we know a lot about what works, let's use the evidence
By EvalNet Chair Per Øyvind Bastøe, Director, Evaluation Department, Norad, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Norway; Vice-Chair Dr. Wendy Asbeek Brusse, Director, Policy and Operations Evaluation Department-IOB, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Netherlands, and Vice-Chair Dr. Jörg Faust, Director, German Institute for Development Evaluation, DEval
The recent statement from the OECD's Development Assistance Committee calls for sustained action to address the crisis in the poorest countries of the planet. In these societies, the pandemic will encounter weak public health systems. Lock-down measures will crush fragile economic structures and worsen the social situation for many people, particularly among the most vulnerable groups in society. Violence against women and children is spiking across the globe. In other words, in the short term the pandemic is likely to cause a humanitarian disaster. In the medium term it will lead to a structural economic crisis that will jeopardise recent progress on attaining the sustainable development goals.
While OECD countries are still working to contain the far-reaching consequences of COVID-19 at home, policymakers are stepping up to help developing country partners. Many OECD countries, multilateral institutions and international organisations have committed funds – and more announcements are coming every day. Continue reading "COVID-19 and Development Co-operation: we know a lot about what works, let's use the evidence"
Development Matters 30 April 2020 7 May 2020 1 Comment
Data, SDGs
Counting the invisible: Three priorities for strengthening statistical capacities in the SDG era
By Johannes Jütting, Executive Head PARIS21, Rolando Avendano, Economist, Asian Development Bank and Manuel Kuhm, Research Support Officer (PARIS21)
Better policies need better data. High-quality data and official statistics are vital for governments, civil society, the private sector and the public to make informed decisions, create effective polices, and establish good governance. Under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, data-driven policy making takes on even greater significance. For if we are to "leave no one behind", we must first ensure that everyone is counted.
Yet today, more than 110 low and middle-income countries lack functional civil registration and vital statistics systems and under-record or omit vital events of specific populations. Those living in poverty are most likely to be excluded—the poorest 20% of the global population account for 55% of unregistered births. Only 37 countries have statistical legislation that complies with the United Nations (UN) Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics.
If we don't even know who the poorest are, how can we ensure that they aren't left behind?
At the same time, while a global Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) indicator framework is an essential part of Agenda 2030, it is putting pressure on national statistical systems. In addition to the demand of compiling 232 national-level indicators, the Agenda requires that data are disaggregated by income, sex and gender, geography, age and disability, far beyond current capacity in many developing countries. Continue reading "Counting the invisible: Three priorities for strengthening statistical capacities in the SDG era"
Development Matters 6 December 2019
Africa, Data, Employment, Food security, Gender, Women and Girls, Human Development, Infrastructure, Policy, Private Sector, Trade, Youth
The food economy can create more jobs for West African youth
By Léopold Ghins and Koffi Zougbédé, OECD Sahel and West Africa Club Secretariat
Français suit
Muhammad Sanyang, General Manager of MBK Farms, Banjul, Gambia.
© SWAC/OECD
Youth employment and job creation loom high on development agendas in West Africa. The issue is also a priority at the continental and international levels: decent work and youth empowerment are priority areas within the African Union's Agenda 2063, and 'youth and jobs in the Sahel' will figure prominently amongst talks at the G7 Summit which begins this Saturday in Biarritz.
Such policy focus is necessary in view of the demographic realities in the region. Although unemployment is low overall, informality remains prevalent, and growing numbers of young people struggle to access attractive training or sources of income. West African economies need to create more and better jobs. Yet, from a policy perspective, how to support decent and inclusive job creation is not always clear. Trade-offs in public resource allocations across sectors and information gaps abound.
In this context, what and where are the opportunities for policymakers willing to address the challenge of decent job creation? Continue reading "The food economy can create more jobs for West African youth"
Development Matters 23 August 2019 2 September 2019 4 Comments
Data, Humanitarian, Migration, Policy
Let's be transparent about refugee and IDP statistics
By Justin Schon, Postdoctoral Associate, University of Florida
In March 2018, the Expert Group on Refugee and Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) Statistics (ERGIS) released detailed reports on the status of refugee and IDP statistics and challenges in compiling these statistics. The reports made many valuable recommendations for how to increase the quality and quantity of migration data, but several recent developments highlight the need to also be more transparent about the types of uncertainty that exist in our measurements.
Uganda announced in October that a recent census had revealed that it currently hosts 1.1 million refugees, not 1.4 million as had previously been believed. IOM data on displacement from Mosul in Iraq during the 2016-2017 military offensive to retake the city from ISIS forces show a sudden jump in the estimate of IDPs due to a counting adjustment. Fabrice Balanche notes that UNOCHA decreased its estimate of Syrian IDPs from 7.5 million to 6.5 million during the fall of 2015, simply due to blatant overestimates that it knew were being provided.
Uncertain estimates even exist in refugee camps, where there are large numbers of humanitarian personnel. Officials in Jordan's Zaatari refugee camp have significantly revised its estimated population multiple times after new counts. For example, the REACH initiative conducted a camp census from December 30, 2014 through January 18, 2015, and counted 7 954 fewer people in the camp than during the June 2014 count. On July 10, 2018, UNHCR deactivated nearly 11 000 camp registrations due either because they were absent from the camp, they were bailed out, they had registered elsewhere in an urban location, or they had returned to their country of origin. Continue reading "Let's be transparent about refugee and IDP statistics"
Development Matters 19 December 2018 18 December 2018 1 Comment
Africa, Data, Human Development, Infrastructure, Policy, SDGs
Visualising urbanisation: How the Africapolis platform sheds new light on urban dynamics in Africa
By Lia Beyeler, Communications Officer and Nisha Schumann, Consultant, Sahel and West Africa Club Secretariat (SWAC/OECD)
Africa's urban population is the fastest growing in the world. By 2050, Africa's cities will be home to nearly one billion additional people. Yet, where and how Africa's cities of the future emerge and evolve are insufficiently understood.
Traditionally, the focus has been put on larger cities as opposed to smaller urban agglomerations. Yet, smaller agglomerations with populations between 10,000 and 100,000 inhabitants represent one-third of Africa's overall urban population, accounting for more than 180 million people in 2015. Their significance is highlighted by the fact that many of the continent's future cities are emerging through the fusion of smaller cities or through population densification in rural areas – trends that are not captured in official statistics and government data, which tend to focus on cities as political units with defined boundaries.
The OECD Sahel and West Africa Club's Africapolis platform, which launched during the 8th Africities Conference in Marrakesh, seeks to bridge the gap in data on African urbanisation dynamics. It provides a powerful tool for governments, policy makers, researchers and urban planners to better understand urbanisation's drivers, dynamics and impacts. This understanding, in turn, will help design more relevant policies that address the growing challenges of urbanisation at the local, national and regional levels. Continue reading "Visualising urbanisation: How the Africapolis platform sheds new light on urban dynamics in Africa"
Development Matters 22 November 2018 26 November 2018
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Green Mile Landscaping Started long before its date of incorporation in a small town in rural Ontario. Phillip Dunn the owner and operator of Green Mile Landscaping gained his passion for the outdoors as a young boy cutting lawns and doing small landscaping jobs. This passion for the outdoors provided Phillip with the inspiration to move Green Mile Landscaping to Alberta in 2005.
From then, until now, Phillip and his team have built Green Mile Landscaping with the highest level of integrity and customer satisfaction. From small to large, residential to commercial, Green Mile Landcaping has the knowledge and experience to turn your outdoor dream into a reality.


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CREDIBLE DRAW
FC Dallas was not given much of an opportunity against Seattle Sounders in the MLS cup semifinals, but the secured a credible 1-1 draw against one of the top teams in the country. Dallas played extremely well and head coach Oscar Pareja was disappointed not to have come away with a victory that would have given his team a major boost ahead of the second leg next week. Michel's penalty in the 34th minute gave Dallas the lead and they looked like holding on for a famous win. However, Alonso scored the equaliser in the second half to give Seattle Sounders a fighting chance in the second leg.
Dallas' biggest work in the match came in their efforts to curb the potent strikeforce that included Clint Dempsey and Obafemi Martins. They managed to do it to great extent, but Alonso's equaliser was disappointing for the club.
Pareja told the PlainSailing website after the match that his team played so well that a victory should have been what they deserved on the night. As it is, they have to produce another spectacular performance away to Seattle Sounders in order to reach the finals. A gulf in class separated the teams going by the league standings. Seattle Sounders had a 10 point advantage over Dallas in the regular season.
"It's frustrating not to come out with a victory. It's frustrating to give up a goal. It's frustrating to not create as many chances that give us the possibility to win it," said the Dallas coach. Captain Matt Hedges also spoke about the disappointment of having conceded from a set piece despite having played so well in open play. "That's the most frustrating thing. We keep their attack relatively quiet and Alonso gets a goal off a free kick," said Hedges. The goal by Alonso was his first in this MLS season.
Uncategorized Dallas, draw
DALLAS MISSING STARS
FC Dallas were without three influential players for their match against Portland Timbers, and it clearly showed as they were defeated 1-0. Dallas started the match without two of their important players unavailable due to various reasons. Blas Perez was on international duty, while Kenny Cooper had to attend a family problem. This meant that Eric Hassli was used as the striker, but he was on the pitch for only 8 min after suffering a back injury. Despite the loss, manager Schellas Hyndman has said that he is happy with the performance of his players.
He has said that the team created enough chances over the course of 90 min to have warranted at least a draw from the match, but he is confident that the team will return to winning ways once he gets the big names back in the team. Hyndman has said that Dallas have one of the best attacking line-ups in the division, but he did not have them for this match due to various reasons. Despite this, he has recalled how Dallas made Portland Timbers goalkeeper Ricketts work to the best of his abilities.
Portland's Darlington Nagbe scored a goal in the 52th minute and that proved to be the difference between the two teams.
"Scoring chances were there, on the road, Ricketts [Timbers goalkeeper] had to make seven saves. So those were scoring chances. We also went into the game with no strikers. Eric Hassli got injured. I found out today at 11 o'clock we lost Kenny Cooper to a family emergency. And, also Blas Perez is with Panama. I think we have arguably the best strikers in the league. So take those three guys and we might have been a little different today," said the Dallas manager after the match.
Dallas will be facing Portland in the US Open cup in two weeks time.
Uncategorized Dallas

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


IOH + OOH | who's that knocking...?
The picture above shows part of a tally: how many nights of shelter at Iffley Open House. Each stick figure: one person one night.
A project born of a desire, of an idea, of a need, of the coldest night of the year.
I took a small part in it, volunteering there one morning a week.
Each person, resident or volunteer carry their histories and their stories, into the space defined by a roof, a space between people, a refuge.
Oxford: a very affluent place, with a huge surplus of material goods and a housing crisis.
There is a deficit of love. Homelessness, its unspeakable harshness, the toll it takes on people, a symptom of this deficit.
On 28th February Wadham College re-took possession of the Iffley Road building after almost 2 months.
On 13th March, the University re-took possession of Osney Mill after two weeks of occupancy.
What comes next? And for whom?
This entry was posted in diary, pictures and tagged iffley open house, osney open house. Bookmark the permalink.


As you can see, we even have Christmas scented incense. Our lounge really is a Winter Wonderland.
The tree photographed is pretty tiny, but don't worry as we also have a bigger one!
We don't have the space or budget for a real or plastic tree; so put our thinking caps on and created a wrapping paper tree, complete with decorations and even a cute pot. I had a vision yet I think it turned out better than I had expected.
We simply cut out three overlapping triangles to create the shape of the tree and then added tinsel, decorative bows used for wrapping presents as lights and circular gift tags for baubles.
And for the top of the tree, we decided not to use a star or an angel, but to go for a slightly unconventional topper. I don't know if you have seen the Christmas Coca-Cola bottles yet, but the wrapper magically ties itself into a bow in front of your eyes. Seriously, go buy one now and have a shot yourself. You will be amazed. It looks so pretty!
Luckily after a few parties our decorations are mostly still up. We have found the missing 'O' from our 'NOEL' lettering but if we hadn't we could've just stuck a snowflake in there instead.
Students are incredibly resourceful. I think all our decorations cost us about £20 which is pretty good considering we have two Christmas trees and are living in Santa's Grotto.
What do you think of our effort? Are your decorations more over the top than ours?!


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NASCAR 2001 is a racing simulator video game developed and published by EA Sports. The game was released on October 30, 2000 for the Sony PlayStation, and became the first from EA Sports' NASCAR series to be released for the Sony PlayStation 2 on November 6, 2000. NASCAR 2001 was the fourth game in the NASCAR series.
Developer EA Sports ,Black Box Games
Platforms PlayStation 2


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Q: How can add several fields to NEST? I use Generic and Reflection, so the main problem is add several fields. When i use this code with one field it OK but when i try somehow add new fields it doesn't work:
  public static ISearchResponse<T> PartSearch<T>(ElasticClient client, string query, List<string> fieldList = null, int from = 0, int size = 1) where T : class
    {
        if (client == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException();
        if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(query))
            throw new ArgumentNullException();
        ISearchResponse<T> results;
        if (fieldList == null)
        {
            results = client.Search<T>(q =>
                q.Query(q =>
                    q.QueryString(qs => qs.Query(query))
                ).From(from).Size(size)
            );
        }
        else
        {
            results = client.Search<T>(q =>
                 q.Query(q => q
                     .QueryString(qs =>
                     {
                         //This place where i try to add several fields
                         List<Field> fildArray = new List<Field>();
                         foreach (var arg in fieldList)
                         {
                             var fieldString = new Field(typeof(T).GetProperty(arg));
                             fildArray.Add(fieldString);
                         }

                         qs.Fields(f => f.Field(fildArray));

                         qs.Query(query);

                         return qs;
                     })
                 ).From(from).Size(size)
             );

        }

        return results;
    }

A: Problem was in one QueryString parameter Lenient:
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/query-dsl-query-string-query.html
Fixed this by setting it on True.

A: I created an example using Lenient() that can help you with your question:
https://github.com/hgmauri/elasticsearch-with-nest/blob/master/src/Sample.Elasticsearch.Domain/Abstractions/NestExtensions.cs

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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I hid my admission letter from my dad as I didn't want to go to Barewa college –Senator Girei
Senator Abubakar Girei
Senator Abubakar Girei, who represented Adamawa Central Senatorial District in the Senate between 1999 and 2003, tells HINDI LIVINUS about his childhood, his profession and his time in the Senate
Tell us about the fond memories you have of your childhood
The most important fond memories of my life have come from my dreams. It's something I would want to describe as 'metaphorical and spiritual' dreams. I was fond of dreaming and I saw as they became reality. These dreams shaped some key moments of my life. After my primary school, I had a dream where I saw myself crossing River Benue barefoot to the other side. At the time, the Yola-Girei Bridge had not been built, and I was in the front and people were following me. Barely a week after the dream, the results of our common entrance came out. I was invited for an interview and selected along with five others from Adamawa province to go to the famous Barewa College, Zaria. Each time I reflect on that, I still get the feeling that the dream was a sign and a message. It was telling me that very soon; I would march on to something big that would lead me to success. I have several of such dreams. My dreams were the fondest of my memories. In addition to that, there are quite a number of things that children indulge in. I had such experiences also. But we later got to know that they were frowned upon by the society. Then, we used to go to people's farms to pluck mangoes until our parents told us that it was not good. So, we stopped it. For us as children, it was really fun then to take cassava and fruits from people's farms and find a hiding place to enjoy them.
Equally during holidays, I used to visit my grandparents who were in Pariya and each time I visited, I would go out with herdsmen as they reared cattle in the bush. That was also great fun.
Were there role models that you looked up to at the time?
My main aspiration then was to go to secondary school and eventually to university. I was particularly motivated by two people who are still alive today. They were in a school of Islamic studies in Kano. Each time they came for holidays, they would be in suits. In those days, it was very rare to see people in suits. Their shoes were beautifully polished and each time they came, they had cameras on their backs. All I ever desired was to be like
them. There was also one other fellow who was always interested in giving me his books and his secondary school uniforms, which I wore to show off around the town. These things had quite an impression on me and motivated me to work even harder in order to achieve my dreams.
You went on to attend the famous Barewa College, Zaria for your secondary school education, can you describe your experience there as a pupil?
I want to tell you an interesting story. I was not interested in going to Barewa College. In fact, I never knew about the school before then. But because of the influence of the two role models that I said were attending a school of Islamic studies, I wanted to go there. In those days, the pupils of the school received pocket money, which they used to buy clothes and dress better than other pupils.
So my interest was just to go to the school of Islamic studies, where I would also get some allowance and be able to dress well. Then when I was given admission to go to Barewa College, I hid my admission letter from my parents because I didn't know much about the college. I didn't show my letter to my father because I was waiting for admission to attend the school of Islamic studies.
Few days later, I got admission letter to attend the school for Islamic studies. Excitedly, I showed my father the letter. Then later, he went to the Ministry of Education and met with the chief education officer, who told him that the new entrants to Barewa College had been taken to Zaria and that his son was supposed to be among them. They asked my father what happened and he argued with them that his son did not get admission into Barewa College.
So the man provided him with proof that the admission letter had been sent and received by me. When my father came home, he scolded me and then reluctantly, I showed him my admission letter and told him that I didn't want to go there because they didn't teach Islam and Arabic there. I said I didn't want to go to a school where I would be corrupted. But it was all lies; my attraction to the school was just because of the allowance (laughs). So my father scolded me and took me to the chief education officer in Yola, who quickly arranged for me to go to Zaria.
It was my first journey outside of the state because at that time, I had never gone beyond Numan. They put me in a lorry and the lorry took me to Kaduna. From there, I took another vehicle to Zaria. Finally, I was in Barewa College and I met people from different parts of the country there. There was hardly anybody that could speak Fulfulde (Fulani language) and at the time, I was fluent in Hausa. So it was a serious challenge, but I was able to adjust. It was a very exciting experience for me. I was able to meet people from different parts of the country. There, I met the present Sultan of Sokoto, His Eminence, Sa'ad Abubakar III. The Sultan was one year my junior but we were in the same house, the same dormitory and the same room for some time. We had the likes of Nasir el-Rufai (Kaduna State Governor), Gen. Abdulrahman Dambazau (Minister of the Interior), and Prof. Ahmed Mora in school.
As you know, Barewa College is not just a college; it is a kind of leadership training centre. It is a training institute where pupils are brought from various parts of the country and put together to be trained, specifically for leadership, in addition to the academic curriculum. It had very intensive leadership training programmes and it was very exciting.
Would you describe yourself as a bookworm or were you a very social person while growing up?
I was an average student; I liked interacting and socialising with people.
Was there anything of interest that happened between you and any of the prominent personalities you just named or things you did together back then in the college?
One of the most important things I remember is the portion of the assembly hall in Barewa College with a big notice board referred to as Hall of Fame. The names of past students who excelled in their examinations were pasted there. Names like Prof. Iya Abubakar and Prof. Jubril Aminu were prominent names on that list. The fact that we came from the same place made me feel very proud and happy. I also told myself that I would do everything to get my name on that board. This motivated me to work hard. But I could not achieve that kind of feat because I did not possess their kind of unique intelligence.
But all the same, it helped to shape my future and I came out with very good grades in my West African Senior School Certificate Examination, which got me admission into the North East College of Arts and Science. NECAS is what metamorphosed into the University of Maiduguri, Borno State. At NECAS, I got good grades in Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry and General Studies, which enabled me to gain admission into the Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria to read Quantity Surveying.
How would you describe your experience at ABU?
My ambition in secondary school then was to read Electrical Engineering and Electronics because even Barewa College, we had so many different clubs one of which was Radio and Electronics Society, which I belonged to. In that society, we were taught how to assemble radio transmitter and receiver and I was very good at both. I was also a member of the Cadet Club and I was a very good shooter.
I went to NECAS with the hope of going to the university to read Electrical Engineering. But while I was in NECAS, as God would have it, the current Minister of Education, Adamu Adamu, who was very close to my roommate (Shafiu Adamu), visited us in school from abroad and brought a book. I can't remember the title of the book but it was about career guidance and he said it would assist us.
It was while I was reading that book that I got to know about Quantity Surveying. I was told it was part of engineering. I also asked where it was being offered and I got to know that ABU had started offering it two years earlier. I became interested in it. When it was time for us to apply for a course of study in the university, Shafiu and I chose Quantity Surveying. I think I made a very good choice. I am a proud quantity surveyor, and this has offered me the opportunity to serve this country and humanity in many
ways.
Your hobby is reading, what kind of books do you read?
Right from my primary school days, I have been fond of reading magazines, mainly humour magazines; but in my senior secondary school days, I ventured into reading of novels. But most importantly, I never joked with my studies. I always read my textbooks. There was a night before I sat for my Chemistry examination, I read my chemistry textbook from cover to cover. By the grace of God, I passed my examinations with very a good grade in Chemistry. I also read my Biology textbook from cover to cover before the examination and I also had a good grade in Biology. Now, social media is taking too much of our time. But despite that, I still find time to read autobiographies, but mainly religious books, newspapers and magazines.
You are also said to enjoy attending social gatherings. Does that mean you like parties and dance very well?
When I was in Port Harcourt, I used to be a good dancer because I used to party a lot. But you know our own society is not a partying society. Of course, I was attending late night parties when I was young, but not anymore.
You are married with children, how did you meet your wife?
My wives; I will say most of them by chance.
In your time in Kaduna, did you know anything about the so-called 'Kaduna Mafia'?
I came to know about the Kaduna Mafia when I started working in 1979. Immediately after the election that brought in the Shehu Shagari-led administration, Chief Obafemi Awolowo alluded to rigging of the election. Kaduna Mafia was mentioned several times as one of those who aided the rigging of the election. So I became interested in knowing the persons behind the group and the mission of the group. I became curious.
But the irony of it is that some people who were identified as members of the mafia facilitated my moving to Kaduna to join the Nigerian Agricultural and Cooperative Bank. As soon as I relocated to Kaduna, I became close to some of those people being identified as members of the 'Kaduna Mafia'.
But I found out that contrary to what the papers were saying about them, calling them evil, they were nothing like that. Rather, I found them to be extremely nice people who were down to earth and very helpful to others. They had an impact on my life, personally. Till this day, I wonder why those people were called Kaduna Mafia.
You had your youth service in Port Harcourt, Rivers State in 1979, how did you cope with the cultural and traditional differences while you were there?
I had a very exciting time there. I met a people who loved northerners and Nigerians generally. Unlike now that there is hate speech, this was not the case back then. I cry openly for the way things have degenerated. I was lucky to have served the country in an organisation that took me to every nook and cranny of Rivers State. It was an organisation that was responsible for building schools and hospitals in the state then. Wherever I went then, I always found people who were welcoming.
The hospitality of the people even encouraged me to take up a job in Port Harcourt after my service year. I had three job offers after the completion of my service year. I was not even interested in returning to my home state. I left my things in Port Harcourt and went home to say bye-bye to my parents. I went to say I just wanted to come back and inform you that I have finished my service and I am very happy in Port Harcourt, so I am going back there. But my parents gathered almost everybody in my village and they started crying that I should not leave them (laughter). That was how they forced me to leave the three job offers I got there. Then I took up an appointment as a quantity surveyor with the state government. To entice me, as each of the jobs I got in Port Harcourt was willing to pay me three times what a civil servant on the same level with me was earning in the state civil service, the state government gave me two steps ahead of my colleagues at my point of entering the service. My father had a brother there and later, I learnt that he had to go and beg the permanent secretary for this to be done. It was Gongola State at the time.
As a Fellow of the Nigerian Institute of Quantity Surveyors, what do you think about the way quantity surveying is being practised in Nigeria?
The profession has helped to provide transparency in the building construction industry. There are quite a number of professionals now, unlike before. Today, there are so many registered quantity surveyors with vast experience on the job. The profession is really thriving. I must state clearly that quantity surveying has nothing to do with building collapse. The quantity surveyor, by practice, assists the architect and the building engineer.
You rose to the rank of Principal Quantity Surveyor in the defunct Gongola State government and was later a manager at the NACB before you set up your own consultancy firm. Did you feel accomplished at the time?
No, not really, I was very fortunate and lucky to have been appointed General Manager, Properties and Development by the NACB in 1985 soon after I finished my coursework in construction management in my studies in ABU.
It was the time the bank launched itself into developing properties all over the country, including its office located in the Central Business District of Abuja, which I initiated and saw to its completion and occupation. It was a very challenging period in my life and I was able to deliver. I also gained a lot of knowledge and experience in the building industry, quantity surveying profession and construction management in particular. But I was not happy that my service in the bank was truncated. The then Minister of Agriculture felt the bank had no business in property development, and therefore downgraded my department to a mere division. This made it absolutely necessarily for me to vacate the seat because I was able to move from Manager, Property and Maintenance to a full-fledged General Manager of Estate Department.
It was after that that I retired and went into quantity surveying practice as a professional and opened my firm in Kaduna. I was able to get quite a number of challenging jobs. With the introduction of Petroleum Trust Fund then, we were able to get a lot of patronage in many states of the federation and also the PTF.
You later went into politics and became a senator between 1999 and 2003, why?
Politics was never part of my plans even though I had political inclinations because I had been participating in political activities like during my primary school days as a prefect and secondary school days as house captain. In NECAS, I was a member of parliament. Even in ABU, I tried to be part of the Students' Union Government. After I returned to Adamawa following my national youth service, political activities were high and Senator Mahmud Waziri (a former senator representing Ademawa senatorial district), who was a very close member of our larger family, was one of my role models. I used to visit him and I had lots of interesting discussions with him. He was the one who motivated me to join politics. Also, there was also influence from Major Aminu, who was a governorship aspirant in Gongola then. Being in the civil service also gave me an understanding of political manoeuvres and how the game of politics was played. But when I left for the bank job, I forgot completely about politics because the job was very challenging. It was after my retirement in 1996 and I opened my own firm that I had time to venture into politics. Then suddenly, an opportunity came in 1998. The former Vice-President, Atiku Abubakar, was in the United States of America when Gen. Abdulsalami Abubakar lifted the ban on politics. But before then, there was the transition programme embarked upon by the late Gen. Sani Abacha. So, I was actually invited by people to contest for the House of Representatives' seat in Adamawa. It was Bamanga Tukur, Mahmud Waziri and Umaru Magaji who invited me to join them in the Democratic Party of Nigeria to promote the party in Girei Local Government Area. I accepted their invitation and fielded a candidate for the state House of Assembly poll in Girei. At the end of the day, my candidate in the local government area defeated the candidate of bigger parties controlled by bigwigs at the time. This launched me into political prominence in Adamawa. Soon after that was truncated and Abubakar lifted the ban on politics again, I was invited to join the Peoples Democratic Party at Atiku's instance. I didn't have much difficulty getting the ticket of the PDP then despite some challenges at the time. Finally, I won the election to represent Adamawa Central at the Senate. In the Senate I was lucky to be linked up with the late distinguished Senator Chuba Okadigbo, who was very fond of me. I became his right-hand man in the Senate. Even before the inauguration of our Senate then, we had come together to mobilise the House. We had about 72 persons who had been elected senators solidly behind Okadigbo and we got the leadership of the party to endorse him. All was set for Okadigbo to be the first Senate President (in the Fourth Republic) until President Olusegun Obasanjo truncated it. Obasanjo had invited senators one after another, campaigned to them and offered them alternatives.
They defeated us on the floor of the Senate and installed Senator Evans Enwerem as the Senate President. But we were able to mobilise and organise ourselves again and six months later, we impeached Enwerem and installed Okadigbo as Senate President. I was one of the masterminds behind that.
But Okadigbo's reign was also short-lived, why was that?
It was short-lived because Obasanjo never agreed with him as Senate President. Obasanjo used all sorts of means to get Okadigbo out as Senate President. He removed Okadigbo as Senate President and there are many senators alive that can testify to that. The first major problem Okadigbo had (with Obasanjo) was his relationship with Atiku.
Obasanjo saw Okadigbo as Atiku's man and he didn't want his Vice-President to be that powerful. Aside from that, Okadigbo was not a bootlicking politician.
He was not the kind of person that would say yes to anything. He was very much his own man and had his own way of doing things. This kind of disposition did not go down well with Obasanjo.
If Obasanjo had displayed such attitude towards politicians close to Atiku, did you also suffer as a result your being an Atiku's ally?
A lot! I was one of the few senators who remained completely out of government's patronage. Throughout our tenure, I was seen and labelled as an 'Atiku man' by Obasanjo. I had no apology for that or regret in any way. I believed so much in Okadigbo because he was a man of honour, character, intellect, and integrity. He was a nationalist. If Okadigbo were still alive, I would have been with him 100 per cent.
If you had to describe your life in the Senate, how would you describe it?
My life in the Senate was short-lived because from the day we got in, we started fighting Obasanjo's government up till the last minute, especially those of us who were pro- Okadigbo. We (pro-Okadigbo senators) were initially 72 in number but the number continued to decline until it eventually came down to 14 because the executive kept poaching our members. It was not surprising because we refused to succumb to manoeuvres and enticement. We boldly stood together and we were categorically told by the executive that we would not be allowed to return to the Senate. I wouldn't say I regret not returning to the Senate because before the end of that tenure, I became interested in becoming the governor of Adamawa State. But in my time in the Senate, the visit by Bill Clinton (then US President) to the National Assembly remains memorable for me. First, it helped to strengthen bilateral relationship between Nigeria and the US. It also helped to improve the relationship between the executive and the legislature, which was initially very sour. At the time, we had on the table impeachment moves against the President but Clinton's visit helped to douse those agitations and smoothen the rough edges.
Are you impressed with the current relationship between President Muhammadu Buhari and the National Assembly?
Not at all, but the faults belong to both parties. Both the executive and the legislature have their shortcomings. The most notable shortcoming of the executive, as far as I am concerned, is its refusal or failure to realise the importance of having a harmonious working relationship with the legislature. If they had realised that, they would have worked at mending the relationship, something they have yet to do till this day. One of the issues is that this administration is headed by someone like President Buhari, who cannot be said to be an excellent politician by any measure. Though he is an excellent security person and administrator; certainly, he cannot be said to be an expert in politics. One would have expected the President to have a national political adviser of repute and a National Assembly liaison officer, also of repute. I'm not talking about something extraordinary; I am talking about somebody who the President trusts by virtue of his age, experience and knowledge. It should be someone who should be able to knock on the President's door, sit down, serve himself coffee and have a heart-to-heart with him (President). This is so that he will extract the President's feelings, wishes and operations about certain things in the polity. I was expecting that the President would have a highly placed personality to be appointed as the National Assembly Liaison Officer, which would complement the appointment of the Special Adviser to the President on National Assembly Matters. This is somebody whose chemistry must rhyme very well with the President; and he will then be assisted by the Special Adviser, Senate and Special Adviser, House of Representatives.
It is that liaison officer who is suppose to liaise with the President and the National Assembly, especially with the President and the Senate President and the Speaker of the House of Representatives. The appointment of a National Assembly Liaison Officer is important. I have yet to see anybody in this government that is meant to relate with the important personalities of this important institutions. I have no doubt that this is one of the reasons why we are having these problems between the National Assembly and the Presidency.
The government is totally lacking in fixers and handlers. In a democracy, these are important ways of solving political challenges. The political atmosphere is very charged because we don't have such people in government. But it is not too late to that.
Going to my hometown is dangerous, I must not see the king –ex-regent, Ayede Ekiti
Every state should control its resources – Soyode
Igbo presidency better in 2023 – Okechukwu
Competence and character will determine my cabinet — Ezekwesili
My mother used to bribe me to attend school –Prof Lai Olurode
My father, teacher chose career for me –Ajibola
Dad believes that to have more, you have to be generous — Hayford Alile's daughters
We have no vested interest in Nigeria's election – Roberts, EU Deputy Chief Observer


text:
Q: Capturing user click in glance? Is there a way to capture when the user clicks/presses your glance?  This action throws them into the WatchApp. I'd like to intercept this click before going into the main app.
I'm running the glance in the watch simulator.

A: Per App Programming Guide for watchOS:

*

*At some time while your glance is active (ideally, as early as possible, since you don't know how long your glance will remain active), call updateUserActivity:userInfo:webpageURL: with whatever cue you want to pass along to your app.

*When the user launches your app from the glance, its main interface controller will receive a handleUserActivity: message containing the info you passed in step 1.


text:
Q: How to select rows with same ID sharing a group of values? I'm working on a SQL request for an internal search engine (MySQL db). I want to allow users to search for exact expressions, so when they search for "foo bar" they get the documents containing foo AND bar and not just foo or bar.
The search_documents_words table:
| word_id | doc_id | word |
---------------------------
| 1        | 1      | foo  |
| 2        | 1      | bar  |
| 3        | 2      | foo  |

The search_documents table:
| doc_id | doc_name |
---------------------
| 1      | mydoc1   |
| 2      | mydoc2   |

What I want to get:
| doc_id | doc_name |
--------------------
| 1      | mydoc1   |

Assuming that I have my keywords in a PHP array.
How can I achieve that?

A: Assuming that your search keyword is in array
$search = array('foo','bar');
$keywords = '';
foreach($search as $values) {
   $keywords .= "'.$values.',";
}
$keywords = rtrim($keywords,","); // creating words as 'foo','bar'

then execute this query
$query = "SELECT B.*
          FROM search_documents_words A
          JOIN search_documents B ON A.doc_id = B.doc_id
          WHERE A.word IN(".$keywords.")";

EDITED
This case will work if a same doc id is not repeating word ( doc 1 with many foo entries won't work with this query )
$query = "SELECT B.*
          FROM search_documents_words A
          JOIN search_documents B ON A.doc_id = B.doc_id
          WHERE A.word IN(".$keywords.")
          GROUP BY A.doc_id HAVING COUNT(A.doc_id) = '".count($search)."' ";

A: The subquery can be build like this:
$keywords = array('foo','bar');
foreach($keywords as $key)
{
  $conditions[] = "word='".$key."'";
}
$condition = implode(" AND ",$conditions);

Then execute this sql query:
$query = "SELECT *
          FROM search_documents
          WHERE doc_id
          IN (SELECT doc_id
              FROM search_documents_words
              WHERE ".$condition.")"

Hope this helps!!

A: You can use GROUP_CONCAT and HAVING clause
 SELECT sd.doc_id,
           sd.doc_name,
 GROUP_CONCAT(sdw.word     Order by sdw.word SEPARATOR ' ') AS sdwWord
  FROM search_documents sd
  JOIN search_documents_words sdw ON sd.doc_id = sdw.doc_id
  GROUP BY sd.doc_id, sd.doc_name
  HAVING sdwWord = <search expression>


The New Food Lover's Companion is a reference guide—not a cookbook—but it includes hundreds of cooking tips plus an extensive bibliography of recommended cookbooks. More than 7200 entries plus line art are included in this seminal work.
"From 'abalone' to 'zwieback,' Sharon Tyler Herbst lists nearly 6,000 culinary terms in the newly published third edition of her classic Food Lover's Companion. Hands down, it is the ultimate accessible cooking and dining reference book."
Ron Herbst holds a degree in Hotel and Restaurant Management and spent the better part of a decade working in various restaurants around the country. He is the co-author of four critically acclaimed books with Sharon Tyler Herbst. His best-selling The New Wine Lover's Companion, also published by Barron's, is the wine dictionary on several internet sites, including Condé Nast's Eipcurious.
Sharon Tyler Herbst was an award-winning author of many books on cooking and dining, a food and travel journalist, a media personality who had appeared on national TV and radio shows, and a past president of the International Association of Culinary Professionals.


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Home » Lifestyle » Cameron Douglas Welcomes a Baby Boy with Girlfriend Viviane Thibes
Cameron Douglas Welcomes a Baby Boy with Girlfriend Viviane Thibes
Cameron Douglas is a father for a second time!
The actor shared a sweet photo with the latest addition to his family on Instagram Tuesday, introducing his newborn son to the world alongside his long—time girlfriend Viviane Thibes.
"Touch down planet earth 🌎 Welcome my Son…Ryder T. Douglas 🦋," Douglas, 42, wrote in the caption.
The photo also featured the couple's 3-year-old daughter Lua Izzy, who wore a Princess Elsa gown from Frozen while sitting next to her mother. The toddler's hilarious expression received attention from her famous grandfather, Michael.
The Wall Street star commented on the photo, "So happy for Vivian and you. Don't think Lua is sure about this yet!"
Michael added, "What a holiday present."
His wife, actress Catherine Zeta-Jones also commented, writing, "Lua's Face! like…..'whatever……….' Hilarious! Congrats!!"
https://www.instagram.com/p/CJHWr74nA1X/https://www.instagram.com/p/CJHWr74nA1X/
Three days before announcing the birth of their son, Cameron and Thibes celebrated Lua Izzy's 3rd birthday, with the proud dad sharing a black and white photo of his daughter on Instagram.
"Happy Birthday angel. Love you more than words can accurately express! 3 til infinity 🦋," he wrote in the caption.
In October 2019, Cameron spoke to PEOPLE about recovering from addiction and making his daughter proud, saying, "Having my daughter gives me a whole new perspective on life."
"My daughter is a source of inspiration," he said. "Hopefully she will see her father has accomplished a lot and is doing good things and maybe she'll be proud of my journey."
Never miss a story — sign up for PEOPLE's free weekly newsletter to get the biggest news of the week delivered to your inbox every Friday.
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text:
Dealing With Android: The 5 Pains And The Remedy
«Live Typing» Android department`s teamlead Alexander Mirko explained about pitfalls of Android-development and ways to avoid them/
Dealing With Android: The 5 Pains And The Remedy
Alexander Mirko
March 20, 2016 · 5 min
Android is seeing a lot of traction. When you will be planning to build your Android app, these are the 5 pains to be aware of. Use the remedy checklist below to select your Android contractor thoughtfully.
P1. Fragmentation
According to OpenSignal, Android device fragmentation has gone up from 18 796 to 24 093 in the last year and continues to increase every year, and the main reason for this is customization. Smartphone manufacturers can change anything from visual elements to the internal logic of the device, which has an impact on how the applications work and look like. Moreover, different official versions and subversions of Android are still being used. These circumstances make the creation of a quality Android application anything but a simple task. Let's have a closer look.
P2. Screen types
The diversity of Android device screen sizes and densities call for a thoughtful approach to both layout and graphics. Elastic layout is a great solution for the majority of the devices as it can stretch depending on the size and density of the screen and the carefully sliced graphics which are distributed according to the required range of supported screens.
P3. Hardware
Android is intended to be functional on both high and low end hardware. Low end models are different from «flagship» devices mostly because of insufficiently powerful CPUs, low RAM speed and capacity, low end graphical chips and lackluster screen displays. All of this impacts the app's behavior, performance and color rendering. Consequently, a low-performance hardware component could prevent the implementation of the required features.
P4. Different OS and system API versions
Every year new versions of the Android operating system with partially or fully re-developed API become available, which forces developers to keep up with the changes. Starting from Android 1.0 and up until today 22 API versions have been released. The first most stable system is considered to be Android 2.3, API version 9 (less that 7% of devices on the market). Android 4.0 (API version 14) and higher are considered to be the most popular, with Android 4.4 (API-19), 5.0 (API-21) and 5.1 (API-22) being the most well-received by users.
Each new operating system includes new features which often don't work in the older versions. The first global example of this is NFC payment system which became available only in Android 4.4. The second is Material Design introduced in Android 5.0. The Support Design Library may be used as a substitute, it only partially supports Material Design for older version devices, and many visual effects are not implemented in it.
The majority of the new applications have been created for Android 4.0 and higher to span the most system capabilities and allow for higher reliability. A great deal of features, both logic and visual, are unavailable in API version 9 (Android 2.3), which forces developers to employ unconventional and «duct tape» methods and use third party libraries, resulting in more working hours spent and a general increase in development time.
P5. Vendors and Android customization
When creating the system shell, vendors customize the default system elements of the interface, causing mismatched design, skewed layout, crashing and so on. For instance, Samsung Note 2's developers have inverted the default Android color scheme. As a result, the text in some parts of the app could blend in with the background.
The Remedy Checklist
When selecting Android development team for your app, remember to:
1. Review their portfolio and let them tell you about their most challenging projects
Challenging projects are critical for a team to gain experience. Estimate the complexity of your project and make sure that the team has similarly challenging projects in their portfolio.
2. Ask them what libraries and tools they would use for your project
There are many awesome third party tools available out there, that may help you to cut down the price and the time in your specific case. For instance, we use Retrofit, Picasso, OkHttp, Otto, Cupboard ORM, Dagger 2, Realm.
3. Make sure their UI designers are familiar with Android guidelines
Designing for Android is different. Following the design guidelines makes implementation easier. And the nicer your UI design is, the higher are your chances to attract user's attention.
4. Check their pool of testing devices
You may want to target 4», 5», 7» and 10» devices made by various vendors. With different Android versions installed. With different screen resolutions and pixel density per inch. You will have to test your app on those devices to monitor app's behavior and to troubleshoot during in-house testing stage, thus keeping the end users happier.
5. Get a detailed estimate
The estimate should include milestones, price, and timeframe. Milestones would be: creating wireframes, realistic UI prototype, graphic design, then building and testing in stages. Expect to get estimate in the form of a spreadsheet with features or app screens and related work hours of designers and engineers.
6. (Optional) Ask them what thought leaders and companies have influenced them
Our influences are Jake Wharton and Jesse Wilson, Square Inc. employees, prominent visionaries and preachers of the Android community, and Lars Vogel, independent consultant and coach and established speaker at Devoxx, EclipseCon, O'Reilly Android Open, MobilTechCon and Droidcon international conferences. Lars has his own website containing lots of tutorials.
For Customers Android
Unknown Android. Chapter 9: Jesse Wilson
A story of Jesse Wilson, the one of the most recognizable Android-evangelists in the world
Cross-platform vs. native apps: comparing and selecting approaches
Which type of app development is preferable in what circumstances — native or cross-platform?


From the age of, oh, five, I'd say that those two words are among the best to hear at dinner time. But we all know that — enter sad violins — delivery pizza is not the healthiest of eats. So how does one work more of that delicious pizza flavor into his or her life without the processed food — especially if one is gluten-free, dairy-free or Paleo? This!
This Pizza Burger Bites recipes is from The Performance Paleo Cookbook by Stephanie Gaudreau, who is the blogger behind Stupid Easy Paleo. Without the gluten and dairy, these protein-packed bites of deliciousness bring home the pizza flavor, minus the delivery or takeout guy. Your belly will thank ya.
All the tasty goodness of your favorite slice without the gluten and dairy. Inspired by my love of pizza, I wanted these protein-dense meatballs to pack a punch of flavor reminiscent of a traditional combination pie. The sausage adds taste, and the beef keeps it from being too heavy. You can get really creative and add in your favorite "toppings" to customize the flavor.
Preheat the oven to 350°F/177°C, and line a large baking sheet with foil or parchment paper.
In a large bowl, mix all the ingredients together until blended, but don't overwork the meat — that'll make for tough meatballs. At this point, take a small pinch of the meat, fry it in the skillet and taste to check the seasoning level. If it needs more salt and pepper, add it now. Form the mixture into meatballs, about 1 tablespoon/15 grams meat for each. Put these on a plate.
Heat a large skillet over medium-high heat and add 1 tablespoon/15 milliliters coconut oil. Add one layer of meatballs to the skillet. Don't overcrowd the meatballs because they won't brown evenly. Fry for about 2 minutes per side — I usually do 4 "sides" — so a nice brown crust forms, then place them on the baking sheet. Repeat with the rest of the meatballs.
Bake the meatballs for about 15 minutes or until they're cooked through completely. Sprinkle with fresh chopped parsley. Serve with a side of prepared tomato sauce for dipping.
If you can't find sausage without a bunch of artificial ingredients, use 1 ⁄2 pound/227 grams fresh ground pork instead.


text:
The First 10 Episodes Now Available on DVD
Home\ Shop\ DVD\ Theatre Royal Haymarket (DVD)
Theatre Royal Haymarket (DVD)
Also known as Haymarket Theatre or the Little Theatre, it was built in 1720 by John Potter and was the third public theatre opened in the West End. Owned by the Crown Estate.
Theatre Royal Haymarket (DVD) quantity
Great West End Theatres
Theatre Royal Haymarket
All-region DVD
Presented by Sir Donald Sinden
Directed by Marc Sinden
Featuring interviews with
Sir Ian McKellen, Steven Berkoff and Martin Shaw.
Which notorious jailbird had a premiere here?
Who's ghost appears if he approves of the production?
Find out in this DVD… along with other hilarious theatrical anecdotes!
Approx. Running Time
Theatre Royal, Haymarket
The Haymarket W1
Built: 1720. Rebuilt: 1820. Seats: 888
Architect: John Potter. John Nash.
Current Owner: The Crown Estate
WORLD-FAMOUS STARS
Michael Redgrave ~ Sir John Gielgud ~ Helen Hayes ~ Ralph Richardson ~ Peggy Ashcroft ~ Wendy Hiller ~ Sienna Miller ~ James Purefoy ~ Sheridan Smith ~ Ralph Fiennes ~ Robert Lindsay ~ Joanna Lumley
WORLD-CLASS PRODUCTIONS
Our American Cousin ~ The Beggar's Opera ~ Present Laughter ~ This Happy Breed ~ Lady Windermere's Fan ~ The Importance of Being Earnest ~ The Glass Menagerie ~ The Heiress ~ Rosencrantz And Guildenstern Are Dead ~ The Lion in Winter
Also known as Haymarket Theatre or the Little Theatre, it was built in 1720 by John Potter and was the third public theatre opened in the West End.
It opened on December 29, 1720, with a French play La Fille a la Morte, ou le Badeaut de Paris.
In 1820 John Nash persuaded the proprietors of the theatre to rebuild on a site a little south of the old one to fit with his overall redesign of Haymarket. The theatre was re-opened on 4 July 1821, with The Rivals.
In 1853 John Baldwin Buckstone, established the theatre as a great comedy house, and the theatre hosted most of the great actors of the period. Buckstone's ghost has reportedly often been seen at the theatre, particularly during comedies and "when he appreciates things" playing there.
Herbert Beerbohm Tree took over the management in 1887 and installed electric light in the theatre. Under Tree, Oscar Wilde premiered his first comedy A Woman of No Importance in April 1893 and in January 1895 Wilde's An Ideal Husband was first performed.
The Haymarket was the site of a theatrical innovation; in 1873, it was the venue for the first scheduled matinée performance, establishing a custom soon followed in theatres everywhere.
It is a Grade I listed building, and seats 888 people. The freehold of the theatre is owned by the Crown Estate.
Her Majesty's (DVD)
The Prince Of Wales (DVD)
St. Martin's (DVD)
Piccadilly (DVD)
The first series of its kind to document all 40 of London's theatres.
info@greatwestendtheatres.co.uk


If you find yourself adding a lot of event listeners using useEffect you might consider moving that logic to a custom hook. In the recipe below we create a useEventListener hook that handles checking if addEventListener is supported, adding the event listener, and removal on cleanup. See it in action in the CodeSandbox demo.
// Update ref.current value if handler changes.
// ... and potentially cause effect to re-run every render.


Cogon grasses rippling in the breeze as the sun rises over Tinagong Dagat.
The striking sunrise view of Pandan Hills and Tinagong Dagat surrounding the area.
Pandan Hills is normally an hour away from the town of Kalibo and few minutes from the town of Altavas. It is accessible by car and motorcycle or scooter. If you're commuting from Kalibo, ride a bus to Iloilo or jeepney to Altavas and get dropped at Sitio Himbis, Barangay Lalab, Batan, Aklan. From there, take a habal-habal to Pandan Hills. From the road end you can reach it by foot for only 10-15 minutes of walk or you can opt to drive up with your motorcycle, scooter, or bike following the narrow path winding around and atop the hills.
Stunning landscape of Pandan Hills covered with lush greenery.
The place is not really a hiking spot rather a picnic site or a weekend getaway. Bring your tents and/or hammocks if you want to leisurely stay and capture the amazing views of sunrise and sunset. Don't forget to bring down your trash with you.


People are our biggest asset. One of the effective way of motivating talent is to provide incentives and rewards for performance and recognition. At Emami we realise that providing comprehensive and competitive benefit is vital. Incentives are based on the demonstration of desired behavior and competence which focus on stretched goals.
1 . Our basic package includes salary, medical allowance; house rent, leave travel allowance, conveyance, and performance linked variable reward and benefits like statutory provident fund, ESI scheme, leave encashment facility, group gratuity scheme etc.
2. Annually we organise family get together for all employees and employee engagement programs are conducted once every quarter involving all functions.


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PlayStation 2 » Action » Shooter » First-Person » Arcade
Brothers in Arms: Earned in Blood
PlayStation 2 Rank: 599
2005 PlayStation 2 Rank: 599
You can play as Sergeant Joe Hartsock during the liberation of Normandy in Brothers in Arms: Earned in Blood. This sequel to Brothers in Arms: The Road to Hill 30 includes new single- and multiplayer missions, as well as new competitive and cooperative multiplayer game modes. You can also employ new weapons and vehicles against the game's improved AI.
Also on...
PC (84.00%) - Xbox (85.11%) - Mobile (78.40%)
Worthplaying 01/24/06 Review 7.5 out of 10
Play UK 11/01/05 Review 90 out of 100
P2 Magazine UK 12/01/05 Review 8 out of 10
Playstation 2 Mag UK 12/01/05 Review 7 out of 10
The Gamers Temple 12/18/05 Review 77 out of 100
VideoGames NZ 12/16/05 Review 75 out of 100
Hardcore Gamer 11/01/05 Review 4 out of 5
Game Chronicles 11/19/05 Review 7.8 out of 10
Official Playstation Magazine 01/01/06 Review 4 out of 5
More Brothers in Arms: Earned in Blood
Video Game History Month: Randy Pitchford
Pitchford opens up on Gearbox, Borderlands a '3-million-unit game'
Gearbox keeping Heat on ice
New BIA content battle-ready


There are more reasons that just mindless eating that can lead to weight gain. Find out the factors that affect your attempts at weight loss.
You might have tried many weight loss tricks, but to no avail. You may have stopped eating junk food, yet your weight remains the same. This is because there's more to weight loss than eating unhealthy foods at odd time.
One of the key reasons for excess body weight is hormonal imbalance. Hormones are important for weight loss.
You need to ensure that you have more of fat burning type of hormones being secreted in your body. So eating proteins and healthy carbs can do that.
Second key reason is nutrient deficiency which is brought on by unhealthy eating habits and not eating enough of the right foods for optimal health.
Focussing on calorie based weight loss is a bad idea. There's lot more to food than calories like the right nutrients. Lack of nutrients can cause hormonal imbalance which in turn makes you fat. So stop counting calories and focus on nutrients.
Toxin build-up in your body triggers the safety mechanism within the body that deposits fat in pockets. Pollution, pesticides all lead to toxin build-up. Plan a detox diet on a regular basis to ensure steady weight loss.
Lack of sleep can lead to belly fat. Lack of sleep releases fat storing hormones Ghrelin in your body. You need at least 7 to 8 hours daily to ensure that your body functions normally, and is healthy enough to get rid of toxins and stay ailment-free.
Finally, too much stress can cause you to put on weight. This is because stress releases cortisol in the body, which then craves junk food. This causes body to store fat and you put on weight despite your best efforts.
Look beyond the obvious and take advice from Truweight nutrition experts for best weight loss diet plans.
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text:
EIU Department of Geology and Geography
Faculty Requests
Geology Majors & Minors
Geology Research Projects
2+2 Agreements
Geography Majors & Minors
Geography Research Projects
Careers in Geography
Teacher Licensure
Earth Science Teacher Licensure
Social Science Teacher Licensure
GISci Lab
GIScience Center
Surficial Processes Laboratory
EIU WeatherCenter
The Department of Geology and Geography has organizations in which students and faculty can interact in a setting outside of the regular classroom. Two of these organizations, Gamma Theta Upsilon and Sigma Gamma Epsilon, are national honor societies for different areas of the geographic and geologic sciences. The third organization, the Geoscience Club is open to all university members who are interested in the Earth Sciences. The Geography Club is also open to all university members who are interested in Geography.
Sigma Gamma Epsilon (SGE) - Earth Science Honor Society
Sigma Gamma Epsilon is a national honor society for earth scientists. Founded in 1915, SGE promotes the scholastic, scientific, and professional advancement of its members and the extension of relations of friendship and assistance among colleges and universities which are devoted to the advancement of the Earth Sciences. The current headquarters of SGE are located at the University of Northern Iowa. For more information, please contact the club advisor, Dr. Diane Burns (dmburns@eiu.edu).
Geoscience Club
The Geoscience Club is an informal club run by geology and geography majors and sponsors the Introductory Earth Science Fieldtrip each semester. The club also has get togethers and parties throughout the year for special occasions (e.g., Halloween, Thanksgiving Potluck, Christmas, etc.). Members of the club also act as tutors for any geology or geography students, either in the introductory level courses and even in upper division courses.
Geography Club / Gamma Theta Upsilon (GTU) - Geography Honor Society
The Geography Club is open to anyone with an interest in geography. Housed within the Club is Gamma Theta Upsilon (GTU), an international honor society for Geographers. Founded in 1931 at Illinois State, the purpose of the organization is to strengthen the profession and discipline of Geography, promote student research, and to encourage members to apply their knowledge in the service of humankind. Rho Chapter at EIU is proud to have been personally founded by Dr. Robert Buzzard, Eastern's 3rd President and the original founder of the international GTU organization. Students must complete 3 courses in Geography with a GPA of 3.3 or better to be inducted, but need not major in the subject. For more information, please contact the club advisor, Dr. David Viertel (dviertel@eiu.edu).
Mission Statement Geography Research Projects Geology Research Projects EIU WeatherCenter
Department of Geology and Geography
Physical Science Building
geoscience@eiu.edu


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text:
Q: ASP.Net validate password with salted hash So I have been following these guidelines on how to hash a password. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/security/data-protection/consumer-apis/password-hashing
I was able to hash the password with a salt I stored the salt in a database and I am retrieving the salt from the database just fine.  Where I am getting tripped up is; if I understand this correctly if you hashed a password without a salt it would come out the same, if you use the same salt(from database) with a hash it should validate, and it comes out with a different hashed password.
Question:
Why can't I get the same password when using the salt stored in the database?
Code:
The code is trying to validate the password using the salt stored in the database. But I get two different passwords.
string password = txtSignPass.Text;
        string email = txtSignEmail.Text;
        SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["db"].ToString());
        SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = @email;", conn);
        cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@email", email);
        conn.Open();
        SqlDataReader dr = cmd.ExecuteReader();

        while (dr.Read())
        {
            byte[] salt = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(dr["salt"].ToString());
            string hashed = Convert.ToBase64String(KeyDerivation.Pbkdf2(
                password: password,
                salt: salt,
                prf: KeyDerivationPrf.HMACSHA1,
                iterationCount: 10000,
                numBytesRequested: 256 / 8));


← Poll: Who Will Win & How Many Electoral Votes Will They Get?
This article was written by Cath Kestler, resident of Silver Creek.
Today is the day we all have been waiting for our right as a citizen to vote, as long as you are registered to do so. Many have fought so hard for this right to have our voices heard, don't let opportunity pass you by.
Here in New York we only have one day to participate, other states have early voting and some have only mail-in voting. It has been bandied about declaring Election Day as a national holiday to give everyone a chance to vote; those who work in those professions that 'know no holidays' are still left with the same predicament.
I was unable to procure a statement from the Republican committee as at the time I am writing this I have not received a return call.
Another thought came to mind while putting this together—why doesn't every state and municipality utilize the same voting machine with a paper trail in the event that a problem occurs and a recount is necessary? There have been reports in early voting that when a vote was cast for a certain candidate, the computer changes the vote cast for the opposition before you push the button to register your vote. Be very careful when you cast your vote and don't worry about rechecking and verifying that who you vote for is actually the candidate you intended to vote for. As contentious as this election has been it will be a big relief to know that today as you cast your ballot, it's almost over.
I know I enjoy going into our regular polling site and see the familiar smiling faces of our neighbors picking up the paper ballot, filling in those ovals with the Sharpies and standing waiting to put that ballot into that machine to make my vote count. Have your "EUREKA" moment!
You cannot cast your vote by text; you must show up in person. Know your polling place and the times they are open.
Voting is your Right as a citizen.
Tell them kindly to step out of your way.
Inform a poll worker inside the site.
Non-partisan watchdog Election Protection at 866-OUR-VOTE.
All of the hard work and diligent campaigning will culminate with bringing about the change and forward progress we are seeking. It will take time for friendships and families torn apart by this election season to mend give it time, this should heal all wounds. Remember we are all stronger together.
I really would like to hear what you have to say about the possibility of early voting or mail-in ballot voting.
1 Response to Get Out and Vote!
Thought you'd like to know that the Corning newspaper, The Leader, endorsed John Plumb yesterday.


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text:
"The Emerging Strategic Equation in Asia," Paras Ratna. Amar Ujala, January 9, 2019
"Dynamism Must Drive Indo-Japan Ties," Paras Ratna. The Hindu: Business Line, January 1, 2019
"One More Tryst for Modi and Abe: What to Expect During the Latest India-Japan Summit," Harsh V. Pant. The Diplomat, October 28, 2018
"India, Japan ink six pacts after Modi-Abe talks; agree for 2+2 dialogue," The Times of India, October 29, 2018
"JICA Supports Project for the Mumbai - Ahmedabad High-Speed Rail by Providing an ODA loan of INR 5,500 Crore as Tranche 1" (Press Release - JICA, September 28, 2018)
"Confluence of the Two Seas" Speech by H.E.Mr. Shinzo Abe, Prime Minister of Japan at the Parliament of the Republic of India. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, August 22, 2007
"Japan's investments in India getting diverse," Dipanjan Roy Chaudhury. The Economic Times, May 27, 2017
2nd Meeting of Japan-India Act East Forum - Embassy of Japan in India, October 8, 2018
"Japan's Outreach to Northeastern India," Tridivesh Singh Maini & Sandeep Sachdeva. The Diplomat, June 12, 2017
"China–Japan cooperation going global," East Asia Forum, October 29, 2018
"Japan infuriates China by agreeing to buy disputed isles," Kiyoshi Takenaka & Sui-Lee Wee. Reuters, September 10, 2012
"China's Xi, Japan's Abe hold landmark meeting," Leika Kihara & Sui-Lee Wee. Reuters, November 9, 2014
"Japan, China seek warmer ties against backdrop of US trade friction," Reuters, October 25, 2018
"Abe first Japanese PM to visit China since 2011," Liu Caiyu. Global Times, October 24, 2018
"Japan firms try out China's 'Belt and Road' cargo transport to Europe," Hidetoshi Takada & Dota Endo. The Japan Times, October 15, 2018
"Japan needs China's business and pacified US-China relations," Dr. Michael Ivanovitch. CNBC, October 28, 2018
"India, Japan and US hold first 'JAI' trilateral meet at G-20," Rediff News, December 1, 2018
"India-Japan Strategic Partnership and the MultipowerOrder," Sanjay Pulipaka. The Economic Times, November 4, 2018
"India and the 'Quad': Forging an Innovative Approach," Harsh V. Pant & Paras Ratna. The Diplomat, November 21, 2018
The Emerging Strategic Equation in Asia
Paras Ratna
एशिया में उभरते रणनीतिक समीकरण
Prime Minister Narendra Modi's visit to Japan as part of the 13th Annual Summit on October 28-29, 2018 has shed light on the evolving dynamics of the Indo-Japan bilateral relationship against the backdrop of a changing but volatile global order. Both India and Japan are confronting similar challenges in the Indo-Pacific region. Therefore, cooperation between them, and that too on multiple fronts is both obvious and desirable. It should be noted that their collective interest in forging better and stronger ties has been demonstrated by both the quantity and quality of the reciprocal state visits that have been witnessed in the last four years; the 13th Summit was Modi's third visit to Japan since 2014. Besides, it is said that the nations' personal rapport and the fact that both of the premiers exhibit similar right-wing nationalist sentiments seem to have brought them on the same page. After Modi hosted Japan PM Shinzo Abe in his home state of Gujarat to great fanfare, Abe reciprocated in the form of a private dinner at his picturesque Yamanashi holiday home.
During the 13th Annual Indo-Japan Summit, some crucial agreements were signed—a joint high speed rail project for which the first installment of 5,500 crore rupees was released by Japanese Industrial Cooperation Agency (JICA) a month before; increased naval cooperation between the Indian Navy and the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) in the Indo-pacific; a currency swap of $75 billion that is expected to bring a sigh of relief amidst the looming threat of trade war and rapid depreciation of rupees vis-à-vis dollar; 2+2 agreements on the lines of the US; and commencement of negotiations to finalize Acquisition and Cross-Servicing Agreements (ACSA) which would allow both navies to access each other's military bases for logistical purposes (India will be able to access the Japanese base in Djibouti and the Japanese navy could dock at Andaman and Nicobar).
The relationship between Japan and India has expanded significantly in recent years, particularly in light of the changes that have taken place globally. Abe, while addressing the Indian parliament a decade ago said, "A strong India is in the best interest of Japan, and a strong Japan is in the best interest of India." In addition to the strategic sphere, Japan is India's third biggest economic investor. Between 2000-17, Japan invested $25.6 billion in domains including infrastructure, retail, textiles, and consumer durables. Tokyo is involved in big-ticket projects like Delhi-Mumbai industrial corridor (DMIC), the Mumbai-Ahmedabad bullet train, and setting up around twelve industrial parks across different states in India. Together, they have constituted the Japan-India Act East Forum (JICA) where the objective is to spearhead development cooperation in North Eastern states bordering China, Bangladesh, and Myanmar. JICA has already signed an agreement worth $610 million with the Government of India for phase I of North East connectivity projects.
What makes Modi's recent visit more significant is the global background against which it took place. This visit assumed greater importance, particularly for India, because it followed a rather unexpected meeting between Chinese President Xi Jinping and Abe. Abe visited China for the first time in seven years and the fanfare on display was in stark contrast with the usually tensed China-Japan relationship. Apart from the emotional acrimony that has festered between them for decades, Japan and China continue to spar over islands in the East China Sea which are competitively called Senkaku by Japan and Diaoyu by China. The tension reached its zenith in September 2012 when the Japanese government nationalized the Senkaku/Diaoyu islands. It led to widespread protests on the streets of Beijing with Japanese automobile companies being targeted. Then-Japanese Ambassador Uichiro Niwa was called in to lodge a strong protest by Chinese foreign ministry. Abe was handed a cold reception during the APEC summit by his Chinese counterpart Xi and was made to wait at Beijing's great hall; a deviation from the usual protocol.
The bonhomie on display during Abe's visit marking the 40th anniversary of the Japan-China relationship seem to defy the ongoing Sino-Japan tussle. Noteworthy agreements signed include cooperation for a joint rail project in Thailand and currency swap agreement of $27 billion to dilute the protectionist measures by the Trump administration. Washington's inward focus appears to have prompted this strategic recalibration. What stands out for India is that Abe, who earlier opposed the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) striking a balancing act. The Sino-Japan bilateral trade equals $300 billion in 2017, a 15 percent increase from the previous year. Japanese major logistics firm Nissin Corporation has partnered with its Chinese counterpart Sinotrans to open up a trial logistics route from the Eastern coast of China to Western Europe and Central Asia, whereas the Indo-Japan initiative, Asia-Africa Growth Corridor (AAGC), is yet to fructify meaningfully.
The Japan-China rapprochement is governed by multiple factors. Japan needs access to China's market. To quote Abe himself, "China is an indispensable country for Japan to keep growing." While for China, whose ambitious BRI project is facing hurdles and opposition over the issues of transparency and is constantly being reviewed by successive governments, partnering with Japan will be a much-needed boost to its image. China's economy and currency are facing tough times owing to trade spatting with America, and is willing to partner with other regional powers. Notwithstanding the diplomatic niceties, the contentious political issue between them remains. The Japan-America-India (JAI) trilateral summit on the sidelines of G-20 reiterating free and open Indo-Pacific hints that the Sino-Japan rapprochement could be "tactical" at best. However, these recent developments negate the typical "cold war" dynamics between China and the "Democratic quad" that is increasingly being used to analyze the international politics in Asia. Major Asian powers are engaging with each other guided by economic rationale. Therefore, Asia is witnessing a strategic flux where power is diffused and demarcation of geopolitical interests are blurred. Given the scenario, it is pertinent for New Delhi to not adopt a zero-sum game approach and objectively contextualize the Indo-Japan strategic partnership amidst interchangeable variables of the emerging strategic equation.
Paras Ratna is a post-graduate from Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai. He currently works as an Associate Manager of Strategic Affairs at Vision India Foundation, New Delhi. Twitter @parasratna


text:
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Carlos T. Fernandez '93
FBI legend now global chief security officer for Viacom.
Carlos T. Fernandez '93 (liberal studies) spent more than twenty years at the FBI, most recently as the leader of the New York Joint Terrorism Task Force before retiring in 2017.
As Viacom's global chief security officer, he's tasked with providing security for all of their facilities and events, including their headquarters in New York, a network of offices around the world, more than 200 high-profile events in major cities, and the thousands of employees and guests of the entertainment conglomerate.
Read more about his storied career in the New York Times.
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text:
\section{Introduction.}
The classical irreducibility criteria  due to Sch\"onemann (1846), Eisenstein (1850), Dumas (1906), and Perron (1907) have become paradigm for testing irreducibility of polynomials having rational coefficients. The demesne revealing riveting facts about irreducibility of polynomials over
prescribed domains has always been the cradle of such baroque classical results which for decades have witnessed
cogent extensions and generalizations. Such irreducibility criteria have exhibited a close affinity
to prime numbers and primality as is evident from the illustrious Buniakowski's conjecture of 1854 which asserts that if $f$ is an irreducible polynomial having integer coefficients such that the elements in the set $f(\mathbb N)$ have no common factors other than $\pm 1$, then the set $f(\mathbb N)$ contains infinitely many  prime numbers. The converse of Buniakowski's conjecture holds affirmatively via primality.

Another classical irreducibility result due to A. Cohn \cite[p.~133]{P} states that if a prime number can be expressed in base 10 as
$\sum_{i=0}^m a_i10^i$ for some positive integer $m$, then the polynomial $\sum_{i=0}^m a_ix^i$ is irreducible in $\mathbb{Z}[x]$. Cohn's result was then generalized to arbitrary base by Brillhart et al. \cite{B} and further in  Bonciocat et al. \cite{Bonciocat}. In \cite{Mu}, Murty provided elementary proof of Cohn's irreducibility criterion. Interestingly, one of the main results of Murty \cite{Mu}, generalized by Girstmair \cite{G}  apprised of a strong converse of Buniakowski's conjecture which was further generalized in \cite{Jakhar} and \cite{JSSK2022} for polynomials having integer coefficients.
\begin{thmx}[\cite{Jakhar}]\label{th:A}
    Let $f=a_0+ a_{1}x+\cdots+a_m x^m\in \Bbb{Z}[x]$ be a primitive polynomial. Suppose there exists a positive real number  $\alpha$ such that
\begin{eqnarray*}
|a_m| \alpha^m>|a_0|+|a_1|\alpha+\cdots+|a_{m-1}|\alpha^{m-1}.
\end{eqnarray*}
If there exist natural numbers $n$ and $d$ satisfying $n\geq \alpha+ d$ for which $f(n)=\pm pd$ for  a prime $p$, then $f$ is irreducible in $\mathbb{Z}[x]$.
 \end{thmx}
\begin{thmx}[\cite{JSSK2022}]\label{th:B}
  Let $f=a_0+a_1 x+\cdots+a_mx^m\in \Bbb{Z}[x]$ be primitive, and let
  \begin{eqnarray*}
H=\max_{0\leq i\leq m-1}\{|a_i/a_m|\}.
  \end{eqnarray*}
  Let $f'(x)$ denote the formal derivative of $f(x)$ with respect to $x$. If there exist natural numbers $n$, $d$, $k$, and a prime $p\nmid d$ such that $n\geq 1+H+d$, $f(n)=\pm p^k d$,  and for $k>1$, also $p\nmid f'(n)$, then $f$ is irreducible in $\Bbb{Z}[x]$.
 \end{thmx}
In the present note, we generalize Theorem \ref{th:A} to the case when $|f(n)|/d$ is a prime-power with the mild condition of coprimality of $|f(n)|/d$ with $|f'(n)|$. More precisely, we have the following result.
\begin{theorem}\label{th:1}
    Let $f=a_0+ a_{1}x+\cdots+a_m x^m\in \Bbb{Z}[x]$ be a primitive polynomial. Suppose that there exists a positive real number $\alpha$ such that
\begin{eqnarray*}
|a_m| \alpha^m>|a_0|+|a_1|\alpha+\cdots+|a_{m-1}|\alpha^{m-1}.
\end{eqnarray*}
If there exist natural numbers $n$ and $d$ satisfying $n\geq \alpha+ d$ for which  $|f(n)|/d$ is prime, or $|f(n)|/d$ is a prime-power coprime to $|f'(n)|$, then $f$ is irreducible in $\mathbb{Z}[x]$.
 \end{theorem}
 \begin{example}
For $k\geq m+2\geq 4$ and $p\geq 1+d$, the polynomial
    \begin{eqnarray*}
X=-p+x\pm (p^{k-m}d)x^m
    \end{eqnarray*}
  satisfies the hypothesis of Theorem \ref{th:1} with $\alpha=1$, $a_0=-p$, $a_1=1$; $a_i=0$ for $i=2,3,\ldots,m-1$;  $a_m=\pm p^{k-m} d$; and  $n=p\geq 1+d=\alpha+d$, since we have $X(p)=\pm p^{k} d$; $X'(p)\equiv 1\mod p$ so that $\gcd(|X(p)|/d,|X'(p)|)=1$, and
  \begin{eqnarray*}
|a_m|\alpha^m=p^{k-m} d\geq p^2>p+1=\sum_{i=0}^{m-1}|a_i|\alpha^i.
    \end{eqnarray*}
By Theorem \ref{th:1}, the polynomial $X$ is irreducible in $\mathbb{Z}[x]$.
 \end{example}
 \begin{example}
Now consider the polynomial
    \begin{eqnarray*}
Y=(x-p)+(x-p)^2+\cdots+(x-p)^{m-1}\pm (p^{2k-1}d)x^m
    \end{eqnarray*}
for $k\geq m\geq 2$ and $p\geq 1+d$. Here, $a_i=\sum_{j=i}^{m-1} {j\choose i}(-p)^{j-i}$ for $i=0,1,\ldots, m-1$; $a_m=\pm p^{2k-1} d$, $\alpha=1$, and  $n=p\geq 1+d$. We find that $Y(p)=\pm p^{2k+m-1} d$, $Y'(p)\equiv 1\mod p$. These along with the fact that $p^2>1+p$ yield the following:
  \begin{eqnarray*}
|a_m|\alpha^m=\frac{p^{2k}d}{p}\geq \frac{(p^2)^m d}{p}>\frac{(1+p)^m}{p}>(1+p)\frac{(1+p)^{m-1}-1}{1+p-1}=\sum_{i=0}^{m-1}|a_i|\alpha^i.
    \end{eqnarray*}
Since $a_{m-1}=1$, it follows that $Y$ is a primitive polynomial. By Theorem \ref{th:1}, the polynomial  $Y$ is irreducible in $\mathbb{Z}[x]$.
 \end{example}
\section{Proof of Theorem 1.}
Let $|f(n)|/d=p^k$ for some prime $p$ and positive integer $k$.  If $|x|\geq \alpha$, then in view of the hypothesis, we have $|a_m| \alpha^m>\sum_{j=0}^{m-1}|a_j|\alpha^j$. Consequently, we have
\begin{eqnarray*}
|f(x)|\geq |x|^m\Bigl(|a_m|-\sum_{i=0}^{m-1}|a_i||x|^{-(m-i)}\Bigr)\geq \alpha^m\Bigl(|a_m|-\sum_{i=0}^{m-1}|a_i|\alpha^{-(m-i)}\Bigr)>0,
\end{eqnarray*}
which shows that each zero $\theta$ of $f$ satisfies $|\theta|<\alpha$.

Now assume on the contrary that $f(x)=f_1(x)f_2(x)$ for nonconstant polynomials $f_1$ and $f_2\in \mathbb{Z}[x]$. Since we have
\begin{eqnarray*}
\pm p^kd=f(n)=f_1(n)f_2(n),
\end{eqnarray*}
at least one of $|f_1(n)|$ and $|f_2(n)|$ is divisible by $p$. Assume that $p$ divides $|f_2(n)|$.
Firstly, let us suppose that $p$ does not divide $|f_1(n)|$. Then $p^k$ divides $|f_2(n)|$, and so, $|f_1(n)|$ must divide $d$ so that we have $|f_1(n)|\leq d$. If $\beta~(\neq0)$ is the leading coefficient of $f_1$, then
\begin{eqnarray*}
f_1(n)=\beta\prod_\theta (n-\theta),
\end{eqnarray*}
where the product runs over all zeros $\theta$ of $f_1$. Observe that each such $\theta$ satisfies $|\theta|<\alpha$. Since
\begin{eqnarray*}
|n-\theta|\geq n-|\theta|>n-\alpha\geq d,
\end{eqnarray*}
 we arrive at the following:
\begin{eqnarray*}
d\geq |f_1(n)|=|\beta|\prod_{\theta}|n-\theta| &>& |\beta|d^{\deg f_1}\geq |\beta|d\geq d,
\end{eqnarray*}
leading to a contradiction.

Now assume that $p$ divides $|f_1(n)|$. Since $p$ divides $|f_2(n)|$, we must have $k\geq 2$. Consequently,  $p$ divides $|{f_1}'(n)f_2(n)+f_1(n){f_2}'(n)|$, which  in view of the fact that
 \begin{eqnarray*}
  {f_1}'(n)f_2(n)+f_1(n){f_2}'(n)=f'(n),
 \end{eqnarray*}
shows that $p$ divides $|f'(n)|$. This contradicts the hypothesis. So, $f$ must be irreducible in $\mathbb{Z}[x]$. \qed

The following remark and examples serve well to make the present idea efficaciously
comprehensible rendering an advantage over the results already known in the domain.
\begin{remark} Note that Theorem \ref{th:A} is the special case  of Theorem \ref{th:1} with $k=1$. The significance of Theorem \ref{th:1} lies in the fact that whenever each one of Theorems \ref{th:A}, \ref{th:B}, \ref{th:1} is applicable, Theorems \ref{th:A}, \ref{th:B} may encounter a tedious factorization of integers. This is demonstrated in the following explicit examples.
\end{remark}
\begin{example}
 Consider the polynomial
\begin{eqnarray*}
Z=9-x+72 x^{18}.
\end{eqnarray*}
The smallest value of $n$ for which Theorem \ref{th:1} is applicable for $Z$ is $n=9$ with $\alpha=1$, $d=8$, and $Y(9)/8=3^{38}$, whereas the smallest value of $n$ for which  Theorems \ref{th:A} and \ref{th:B} are applicable is $n=28$ with  $d=13$ and
\begin{eqnarray*}
Z(28)/13
619774506599223645785433953,
\end{eqnarray*}
which is an 18-digit prime number.
\end{example}
\begin{example}
Consider the following polynomials $Z_d$ as mentioned in \cite{JSSK2022}
\begin{equation*}
Z_d=p^k-x\pm (p^k d) x^m,~2\leq d\leq p^k-1,~k\geq 2,
\end{equation*}
where $k,m,d$ are positive integers and $p$ is a prime number. Here, $a_0=p^k$, $a_1=-1$, $a_i=0$ for $i=2,\ldots,m-1$, and $a_m=\pm p^k d$.
Taking $\alpha=1$ and $n=p^k$, we have
\begin{eqnarray*}
|a_m|\alpha^m=p^k d>p^k+1&=&\sum_{i=0}^{m-1}|a_i|\alpha^i;~n=p^k\geq 1+d=\alpha+d,\\
|Z_d(p^k)|/d&=&p^{k(1+m)};~{Z_d}'(p^k)\equiv -1\mod p,
\end{eqnarray*}
so that $|Z_d(p^k)|/d$ is coprime to $|{Z_d}'(p^k)|$. Thus  by Theorem \ref{th:1}, the polynomial $Z_d$ is irreducible in $\mathbb{Z}[x]$.

Here, for the aforementioned value of $n$ and $\alpha$, $Z_{p^k-1}$ is irreducible by Theorem \ref{th:1}, the irreducibility of which cannot be easily concluded from Theorem \ref{th:A} or  Theorem \ref{th:B}.
\end{example}
\bibliographystyle{amsplain}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Last edited by The M&R Blog; 02-01-2019, 09:05 AM.
The M&R Companies are proud to join others in sponsoring the upcoming water-based printing seminar, "Origins - A Journey in Water-Based Screen Printing" presented by B-Unlimited of Fayetteville, Arkansas. The event will take place on Tuesday, July 10th through Thursday July 12th and individual tickets are priced at $275 if purchased before June 1st and $325 thereafter.