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text:
import sys
import math

# Auto-generated code below aims at helping you parse
# the standard input according to the problem statement.

n = int(input())

flag_continue = True
n_remaining = n
step = 1
while n_remaining > step:
    n_remaining = n_remaining - step
    step = step + 1

print("n_remaining: " + str(n_remaining) + ", step: " + str(step), file=sys.stderr)

n_current = 0
for i in range(step, 0, -1):
    n_current = n_current + i
    print("n_current:" + str(n_current) + ", operations to do: " + str(i-1), file=sys.stderr)

# Write an action using print
# To debug: print("Debug messages...", file=sys.stderr)

print(step)
#print("42")

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Nigel Bluck earned a degree in Cinematography from the prestigious Australian Film Television and Radio School.
Upon graduation, Nigel became one of the top DPs in the commercial world and his feature career soon began as additional photographer on the critically acclaimed and award winning trilogy, The Lord of the Rings. Other feature credits for Nigel include Half Moon, for which he won Best Cinematography at the San Sebastian Film Festival.
Nigel also received recognition for his work on The Home Song Stories, winning several awards for best cinematography in a feature film.
Handsome Harry is about ex-Navy man carrying out the last wish of a dying shipmate who tries to break the code of silence around a mysterious, long-buried crime.
The Tree is about 8-year-old Simone, after the sudden death of her father, who shares a secret with her mother Dawn and that her father speaks back to them through the leaves of her favorite tree.


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text:
Will hate crime prosecutions be a thing of the past under President Trump?
Some LGBTQ advocates worry that under the Trump administration hate crimes will not be prosecuted.
By JEFF AMY, Associated Press Monday, March 20, 2017
Photo: Ben Ostrowsky on Flickr
LUCEDALE, Miss. (AP) — In the waning days of President Barack Obama's administration, supporters of LGBT rights hailed the first federal hate crime conviction for the killing of a transgender woman in Mississippi. With President Donald Trump now in office, they worry about the future of such prosecutions.
Trump's new attorney general, Jeff Sessions, opposed the 2009 hate crime law when he was a U.S. senator, saying it was overly broad and he thought it was unnecessary to include further protections for gay and transgender people. During his January confirmation hearing, Sessions told fellow senators they "can be sure I will enforce" the law, but some observers wonder about his commitment.
"We really might be looking at a new day under Sessions, and that has huge implications for how the federal government is going to treat violence that is absolutely rampant in the transgender community," said Jordan Woods, a University of Arkansas law professor who studies LGBT legal issues.
Sentencing in the Mississippi case is May 15. With a plea agreement in place, it's unlikely Sessions could change the strategy in this prosecution.
Joshua Vallum, an ex-convict and top-ranking gang member, faces life in prison without parole for killing 17-year-old Mercedes Williamson, who was born male but transitioned to a female. Prosecutors say Vallum, 29, and Williamson dated and that he killed his transgender girlfriend because he worried fellow gang members would discover their relationship and kill both of them because gay sex was strictly forbidden by the Latin Kings gang.
Attorney Dru Levasseur of the LGBT rights group Lambda Legal said supporters had a frustratingly long wait for the first federal hate crime prosecution involving a transgender person.
"We waited for many years for the government to finally deploy that law," Levasseur said.
Hate crimes have historically been a priority for the FBI and Justice Department. Investigations are typically initiated by the FBI and the attorney general doesn't need to sign off on each prosecution.
Six Democrats in Congress wrote to Sessions on March 10 to ask the Justice Department to investigate as hate crimes the deaths of seven transgender women this year, including another one in Mississippi.
The Justice Department declined comment.
Crimes motivated by a loathing of sexual orientation or race will often be prosecuted under state hate crime charges, but those vary. Mississippi, for example, doesn't include crimes against transgender people.
Usually defendants will also face charges such as assault or murder, but people are more likely to be convicted in federal court and can sometimes face longer sentences.
In Vallum's case, he pleaded guilty to murder in state court and was sentenced to life in prison, but with a chance of parole. He could get life in prison without parole for his federal guilty plea.
"There's a lot of variability in the willingness of state and local jurisdictions to prosecute," said Rebecca Stotzer, a University of Hawaii professor who has studied violence on LGBT people.
Vallum previously served time for a fake bomb threat at a church. While imprisoned, he joined the Latin Kings gang, going by the name King Chaos. After his release, Vallum met Williamson online and they dated for months in 2014.
In his defense, Vallum initially told sheriff's deputies and later The Sun Herald newspaper that he found out that Williamson had a penis on May 30, 2015 — moments before he killed her. He said he "blacked out" and doesn't remember the crime, a variation of what's known as a "gay panic" or "trans panic" defense.
Prosecutors doubted the claim, in part because the FBI found a cache of gay porn on Vallum's cellphone and because he was charged with indecent exposure in Alabama. Most significantly, Vallum didn't contest evidence in court that he long knew Williamson was transgender.
Federal prosecutor Julia Gegenheimer said during Vallum's plea hearing in December that he began planning to kill Williamson after a friend called him May 28 to say he'd discovered her identity.
Vallum lured Williamson into a car in Alabama and drove her 50 miles (80 kilometers) to his family home near Lucedale, Mississippi, prosecutors said. He shocked her with a stun gun and stabbed her in the body and head with a pocketknife. When she tried to run into the woods, he chased her down and bashed her head with a hammer.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender rights advocates say heinous attacks like this one should be prosecuted as hate crimes because they spread fear among their community.
Hayley Seymour is a transgender woman who led a vigil for Williamson in Mobile, Alabama, after her death. Seymour didn't know Williamson, but she acted because she grew up nearby.
Williamson had left home, had a tenuous relationship with her parents, and was struggling with a drug habit. She deserved better, Seymour said.
"I know how easily violence can happen and how easily it can be swept under the rug," she said.
She moved to the Atlanta area because being transgender in Alabama was "a nightmare."
Despite fears that the hate crime law would be overused, prosecutions under Obama's administration were relatively few. An Associated Press analysis using data gathered by the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse at Syracuse University show that 47 people nationwide have been prosecuted using the law, with 37 convictions.
Another 300 people were referred for prosecution, but hate crimes charges were never filed. In at least half those cases, there wasn't enough evidence or prosecutors couldn't prove intent, a key threshold.
Levasseur said that whatever the difficulties, the law protecting LGBT people makes an important statement.
"This law is meant to send the message back that these lives matter," he said.
Associated Press News Researcher Monika Mathur in Washington contributed to this report.
Follow Jeff Amy on Twitter at: http://twitter.com/jeffamy . Read his work at https://www.apnews.com/search/JeffAmy .
© 2017, Associated Press, All Rights Reserved.
Anti-transgender violence, Barack Obama, Donald Trump, Dru Levasseur, hate crimes law, Hayley Seymour, Jeff Sessions, Joshua Vallum, Julia Gegenheimer, LGBTQ Rights, Mercedes Williamson, Transgender
'Beauty & the Beast' breaks box office records despite protests of gay character
'Power Rangers' makes history with first gay superhero on the big screen
"The L Word: Generation Q" has already been picked up for a second season
The first season of isn't even finished airing, but it's already been snagged for a 10-episode second season run.
American women are more prejudiced than men against lesbians
Worldwide, people generally liked lesbians more than gay men.
A major make-up exec fired his own sister for making transphobic comments about NikkieTutorials
"I am truly shocked and disgusted to my core at her recent actions," he said in a statement about his sister.
This woman's primal howl after the funeral of a teen who died by suicide is a challenge to the dark
"While no one can ever know all of the factors that contribute to someone's decision to end their own life, I know that social rejection and cruelty towards gender diverse children played a major role in this profound tragedy."
Major Instagram & YouTube celebrity comes out as transgender after blackmail threat
"Damn, it feels good to finally do it. It is time to let go and be truly free," Nikkie De Jager told her followers.
Quentin Tarantino says he owes his career to the "Golden Girls"
The director says a small role on the Golden Girls allowed him to finish his first big hit, "Reservoir Dogs."
The "Bad Wig Bandit" has robbed three North Carolina banks & the FBI can't find them
While their wigs are laughably bad, conflating trans and non-binary people with criminals is dead serious.
Actor DJ Qualls comes out as gay
The "Road Trip" and "Breaking Bad" actor tweeted that he was "tired of worrying about what it would do to my career."
NBA executive Rick Welts marries his partner Todd Gage
San Francisco's mayor presided over the ceremony where the president of the Golden State Warriors said "I do" to his flight attendant partner of nine years.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


AT the GOTAFE Goulburn Valley League's Annual General Meeting recently, chairman David Roff was pleased to announce an operating profit of $4,101 for the 2018 season.
Roff said, "We are mindful of operating in an environment where clubs are subject to ever increasing costs.
"There needs to be a balance between the league remaining sustainable and keeping club costs to an absolute minimum.
The board also welcomed a new member in Amy Marshall. Amy has a strong background in volunteering with different clubs and community groups in the local area and experience in strategic planning.
Roff said, "Amy brings a great skill set to the board and we look forward to working with her.


We believe cleanliness is crucial when it comes to protecting an organisation's brand. It impacts your customers' experience and perceptions, affects their loyalty, and influences what they tell friends and family. That's why for us is important to consistently deliver a clean, fresh and healthy environment. Our services might be varied, but they all come with the same promise of quality, dedication, and durability. Licensed and insured.
All estimates are free and flexible, contact us.
We deliver first class cleaning and only work with the best products. We never compromise quality for time and give our clients realistic schedules suitable to their needs. We strive for an excellent customer service, so you workplace will always look as clean as a whistle.
I started GCC 15 years ago. My first client was my employer at the time who trusted me and knew about my commitment at work. I learnt about discipline, commitment and determination since a young age when I spent 2 years at the Air Force. These values have helped me to keep consistency on the high quality of the service we provide, values that I constantly transfer to my team. We know the importance of cleanliness and how this creates a positive work environment for employees and customers. We also understand that our customers eventually required an extra job out of the hired hours or have emergencies to attend, whatever the case we always go the extra mile to help. We believe cleaning is not just a chore, it's health, image and beauty and a such we treat it.


text:
Mozambique government, opposition to sign formal peace treaty - president
FILE PHOTO: Mozambique's President Filipe Jacinto Nyusi arrives for the inauguration of Cyril Ramaphosa as South African president, at Loftus Versfeld stadium in Pretoria, South Africa May 25, 2019. REUTERS/Siphiwe Sibeko
MAPUTO (Reuters) - Mozambique's President Filipe Nyusi will sign a peace agreement on Thursday to put a formal end to military hostilities with the main opposition party, Renamo, almost three decades after the end of a civil war.
Renamo and Nyusi's ruling party fought on opposing sides of the 16-year conflict that killed an estimated 1 million people before a peace accord ended the fighting in 1992, although violence has flared up sporadically in the years since.
Nyusi, keen to sign a final peace treaty before presidential, parliamentary and provincial elections in October, has hailed progress towards peace, but at the same time infighting within Renamo and an Islamic insurgency in the north continue to threaten the country's security.
"Thursday's agreement provides for a formal end to the clashes between the Mozambican Defence and Security Forces and the armed wing of the opposition," Nyusi said, while delivering a state of the union address in the country's parliament on Wednesday.
Nyusi said he would sign the agreement with Renamo's leader, Ossufo Momade, in the Gorongosa mountain range - Renamo's stronghold and the location of its headquarters and numerous bases.
Momade replaced Renamo's long-time leader Afonso Dhlakama after his death last year, but does not command the same popularity across both the party's political and military wings.
A group of fighters recently publicly denounced him and said they would not hand over their weapons while he remains in charge.
The government intends to disarm Renamo fighters and reintegrate some back into the army or police. Previous clashes with the party have been sparked by disputed election results, such as after the last presidential election in 2014.
Renamo accused the ruling party, Frelimo, of fraud in municipal elections last year and suspended its participation in the peace process as a result.
Reporting by Manuel Mucari; Writing by Emma Rumney; Editing by Alison Williams


text:
Clipperrace 20.09.2011
21. September 2017 21. September 2017 Dr. Irvin Krumnacker Clipperrace
RACE 1 DAY 31: WIND RETURNS FOR FINAL PUSH
After a frustrating 24 hours languishing in a wind hole off the southern coast of Brazil, most of the Clipper Race fleet is on the move again.
Sanya Serenity Coast remains in first place and whilst Skipper, Wendy Tuck, is relieved the wind has returned, she knows the path to Punta del Este remains tricky. She explained: "Well, that was a hard day in the office. It's always a bit frustrating when you feel you are taking half a step forward and ten backwards.
"After this light patch, we will be under kite again, and then just to make it that bit more interesting, there will be another little light wind hole waiting for us just off Punta del Este."
Minus any mishap, Sanya Serenity Coast is the favourite to take line honours, and currently has a lead of around 80nM (nautical miles) on second-placed PSP Logistics, and around 100nM on GREAT Britain in third. But, there is a stiff challenge for the overall Atlantic Trade Winds Leg 1 win forming in the shape of Greenings.
Whilst Greenings is around 360nM behind Sanya Serenity Coast, the team has been awarded a redress of two days, 10 hours, 44 minutes, and 51 seconds by the Race Committee for its forced diversion to Porto for a replacement Skipper.
Overnight, Greenings made the most of not being stuck in a wind hole, travelling 86nM. Relief Skipper and Deputy Race Director, Dan Smith, reports: "We have had a good day avoiding wind holes and have made good gains on the others. As I write this, we are about to change our watches over, gybe the boat, and head southwest to Punta del Este. Three days to go if we avoid those wind holes."
Morale is high on PSP Logistics, currently in second place, though Skipper, Roy Taylor, isn't getting carried away, saying: "The game of cat and mouse continues with GREAT Britain, who has stalked us for the last couple of days. Punta del Este is getting closer, and it must be fascinating for all the viewers back home. Who has wind? Who doesn't? When will it arrive? Who will get it first?"
GREAT Britain is currently in third place, but the fight for the final spot on the podium is brewing, with less than 30nM separating the team from the seventh placed Garmin. Skipper of the fourth-placed Qingdao, Chris Kobusch, says: "Almost the whole Clipper Race fleet is within 40nM of us, (only Sanya Serenity Coast, Greenings, and Nasdaq are further away), which I think is quite remarkable after 6000nM and more than four weeks of ocean racing.
"With now less than 500nM to go, and probably all boats heading towards the same waypoint, it will be a close and exciting race to the finish."
HotelPlanner.com, Dare To Lead and Garmin are currently jostling for position in fifth, sixth and seventh position respectively and their places are subject to change with the varying winds. Liverpool 2018, meanwhile, remains in Stealth Mode and is set to reappear on the Race Viewer at 1200 (UTC).
After being a challenger for a podium place for so long, Unicef has fallen back to eighth place on the leader board. Skipper, Bob Beggs, comments: "Getting closer to the finish and dropping many places in just 24 hours is sobering and it's time to double our focus and effort to regain some places. We have now climbed out of the wind hole and boat speeds are now back in double figures."
Visit Seattle has also tumbled down the standings to ninth, and in the absence of a spinnaker, Skipper, Nikki Henderson, has asked people back home to: "Wish us some seriously strong winds from behind, or moderate ones from in front, so that our wonderful Yankee and Main become far more efficient than any spinnaker that the rest of the fleet are using."
There was some joy for twelfth-placed Nasdaq, who marked two big milestones overnight; logging 6,000nM and passing the 1,000nM to go mark.
Most of the fleet should continue to enjoy decent winds, with the southeast low disappearing off the weather map. Clipper Race Meteorologist, Simon Rowell, says the next front will appear over the finish line in the next 24 hours, though it shouldn't cause the leading boats too much of a problem, due to the accompanying south-southeast winds. The teams to the north will need to be on alert, as the SSE will form part of the next low off the coast of South America and form a cyclonic patch in the middle, with headwinds behind it.
To read all the Skipper reports in full, and also read the Crew Diaries for insightful views into life on board, visit the Clipper Race Team Pages.
To stay up to date with the fleet's positions keep a close eye on the Clipper Race Viewer. All positions correct at time of writing.
← SAILING Champions League 19.09.2017
Sailing World Championships 20.09.2017 →
22. Oktober 2017 22. Oktober 2017 Dr. Irvin Krumnacker
11. September 2017 11. September 2017 Dr. Irvin Krumnacker
8. Oktober 2017 8. Oktober 2017 Dr. Irvin Krumnacker


Barracuda, the new Mexican restaurant on Tchoupitoulas Street, is barely larger than a taco truck. The whole menu fits on a strip of paper, with a half dozen tacos, chips and a handful of other sides along with cocktails and beer that can all be ordered by the glass or pitcher. We want to keep it simple and accessible," said owner Brett Jones.


text:
Opportunities to speak: A qualitative study of a second language in use
Kolstrup, K. L., 2015, [Groningen]: University of Groningen. 180 p.
http://hdl.handle.net/11370/b3a23003-1dec-4852-8909-e9305a4b22d6
Final publisher's version, 36 KB, PDF document
Title and contents
Final publisher's version, 125 KB, PDF document
Nederlandse Samenvatting
Groningen dissertations in linguistics (GRODIL)
Complete thesis
Kirsten Lundgaard Kolstrup
Center for Language and Cognition
This dissertation provides insights into why people are motivated to learn – and continue learning – a second language. It demonstrates this through an in-depth case study of Mulenga, a Zambian woman who married a Dane with a 9-year-old daughter.
Mulenga's decision to move to Denmark is driven by dreams of 'a better life' with 'a more romantic man', a double desire that echoes previous studies of marriage migrants moving from the third to first world. Unfortunately the lived reality of her new life, from her relationship, to job prospects, interaction with Danes, and government policy doesn't live up to her hopes, leaving her frustrated and without a clear vision for life in Denmark going forth. This hinders her motivation to learn Danish, which hampers her development in the language classroom. Conversely, her determination to continue speaking Danish at home is much stronger, anchored in a well-defined image of herself as a valued stepmother who wants to support her new 9-year-old stepdaughter.
This research reveals the importance of looking beyond the individual and the classroom when searching to understand the complexity of an immigrants' motivation to learn and use the language of their new country. To understand how this changes over time, interview data, observation of the language classroom, naturally-occurring conversations in the home, and changes in Denmark's immigration policies are analysed and compared. This project's findings have profound implications for pedagogical approaches to second-language learning as well as government policy on the role of language in social integration of immigrants.
Bot, de, Cornelis, Supervisor
Thorne, Steven L., Co-supervisor, External person
Dörnyei, Zoltan, Assessment committee, External person
Redeker, Gisela, Assessment committee
Wagner, Johannes, Assessment committee, External person


While walking around the booths at the DC Green Fest a few weeks ago, I came across Zass Designs. Their innovative jewelry collection made from upcycled print media and plastics immediately caught my eye. Zass is the creative collaboration of mother-daughter design duo, Zulay and Stephanie Smith. Based in Raleigh, North Carolina, Zass Designs uses recycled printed materials and PET plastic bottles to create unique contemporary jewelry pieces.
This mother daughter design duo, Zulay and Stephanie Smith have been making jewelry as a hobby for years, but began doing so professionally just a few years ago. In a stroke of genius while cleaning out their studio ( they are both graphic designers) one day, they realized that the pile of old prints they were feeling guilty about throwing away could make an excellent raw material for jewelry. Zulay, the Mom of the mother daughter duo, says " we found ourselves thinking on how we could recycle (well actually upcycle) these printed material into something unique, wearable and lasting; something that one would cherish for many years to come, and of course keep it from our landfills." It all started with a few simple pieces made as gifts for family and friends, but once they found themselves fulfilling countless requests on every birthday and holiday they decided to create Zass Designs.
Now, they have developed a collection made entirely of recycled materials. Their prints are all salvaged, including everything from old maps, concert tickets and calenders to junk mail cards and paper samples from distributors. Their plastics are virtually all from recycled bottles, which they collect from neighbors and local restaurants. They'll even offer client's discounts in exchange for fun colored plastic bottles.
The rich histories of their pieces' past lives as newspapers, calenders and soda bottles, adds a whole new level of individuality to Zass's hand crafted jewelry.
They have even taken their recycled art one step further by creating their own recycled gift and storage bags to reduce packing waste. Using pages from a local fashion magazine called Skirt they make gift bags for customers to take home purchases. They also use recycled felt to make "jewelry wraps," as carrying cases for their pieces. Holding three to four pieces of jewelry, these are perfect for travel.
Their pieces are available in a number of local Raleigh- Durham shops including: The Collector's Gallery, Raleigh City Museum, Limelight Boutique and Adore Boutique. You can also catch their stuff on their etsy page. Just in time for the holiday's you can find your favorite ladies a gift you know they'll love and you can feel good about.


text:
Fitzgerald Marine Reserve is a marine reserve in California on the Pacific Ocean, located just north of Pillar Point Harbor and Mavericks in the San Mateo County community of Moss Beach. Moss Beach is located approximately  south of San Francisco and  north of Santa Cruz.  The reserve is a  holding which extends from Montara light station at the north to Pillar Point on the south. The reserve consists of a three-mile stretch of beach, tidepool habitat, marsh, erosive bluffs, clifftop trail and cypress and eucalyptus forests.  The property is owned by the State of California and managed by San Mateo County as a county park and nature preserve.  The reserve is administratively assigned to be part of the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary.  Adjacent to and possibly within the reserve is an endangered species of butterfly, the San Bruno elfin butterfly.

Montara State Marine Reserve & Pillar Point State Marine Conservation Area extend offshore from Montara, just north of Pillar Point.  Like underwater parks, these marine protected areas help conserve ocean wildlife and marine ecosystems.  Fitzgerald Marine Reserve lies within Montara State Marine Reserve.

History
The site of the current Fitzgerald Marine Reserve was originally settled by Native Americans approximately 5,800 years ago.  In 1908, the Ocean Shore Railroad extended through the town of Moss Beach, effectively creating this location as a tourist destination.  Remains of the foundation and some original landscape features from the Smith-Doelger homesite from the early-1900s may be found on the bluffs overlooking the Reserve.

The site has long been a source of research and materials for marine biologists and collectors, so much so that, in 1969, San Mateo County urged the State of California to designate the site as a state reserve to protect the remaining flora and fauna. On August 5, 1969 the site was officially designated as a state reserve and was named after James V. Fitzgerald, former mayor of San Bruno and a longtime member of the San Mateo County Board of Supervisors.

Natural features

The tidepool habitat has long been prized as one of the best such habitats in northern California.  It has been identified by the State of California as one of 34 such coastal habitats having "Special Biological Significance".  Sea urchins, anemone, hermit crabs and many other intertidal species are prominent.

At the north of the reserve San Vicente Creek empties into the Pacific Ocean and has a diverse habitat supporting Red Willow and other riparian species.  From a footbridge across San Vicente Creek, one climbs atop the bluff trail, which rises about  above the beach.  From there one has rewarding views down upon Frenchmans Reef, a rich marine ecological area.  Seaward the reserve extends to a depth of over  downward into the Pacific Ocean.  The reef is composed of the rock granodiorite.

An occurrence of the rare plant Hickman's potentilla, Potentilla hickmanii, was observed by E.C. Suttliffe in 1933 in the vicinity of the mouth of San Vicente Creek within Moss Beach. This colony was not further documented for decades, but another colony was discovered toward the end of the 20th century north of Moss Beach. The plant was listed as an endangered species by the United States government in 1998, and had previously been listed as California endangered in 1973.

Sightings of the San Bruno elfin butterfly have been made adjacent to the Fitzgerald Marine Reserve in Montara.  This endangered species has very limited range and habitat.

The active Seal Cove Fault (first mapped and named by William Glen in a 1959 publication of the University of California series in the geological sciences) forms much of the eastern boundary of the site.  Glen first suggested that the Seal Cove fault was a northward extension of  the San Gregorio fault. Submarine surveys later found that the fault  extends northward under the Pacific Ocean and presumably joins the San Andreas Fault near Bolinas.  The fault's trace was formerly clearly exposed in a sea cliff at the northern portion of the reserve, but is now obscured by cultural changes.

Details of habitats
The coastal strand habitat lies between the Pacific Ocean and the upper edge of the beach or coastal marsh.  Species enjoying this niche are the California sea lion, harbor seal, Snowy egret, Great blue heron, cormorant and a variety of terns, murres, gulls and other shorebirds.  Within the tidepool area there are also sea urchins, anemone, hermit crabs and numerous other mollusks.

The flanks of San Vicente Creek and another unnamed drainage further south in the preserve are coastal salt marsh habitat.  This niche is an important nesting and feeding area for many bird species including rails.  Since this marsh lacks cordgrass, it is a poor nesting site of ducks.  Dense pickleweed provides good habitat for a variety of rodents, reptiles and rabbits.

North of the salt marsh of Vicente Creek lies the freshwater marsh and seepage, which hosts a number of trees supporting bird-life and mammals.  The arroyo willow here is important to migrating warblers and other passerines.

Nearby features of interest
At the southern edge of the reserve lies the Moss Beach Distillery, a California Point of Historical Interest, that has served as a clifftop restaurant since 1927.  To the east of the reserve is the Seal Cove Inn, a luxury destination country inn operated by noted travel author Karen Brown.

The opening sequence of the movie Memoirs of a Geisha was filmed on the bluffs overlooking the Reserve.

References

Other bibliographic sources used
 Fitzgerald Marine Reserve Concept Plan, San Mateo County Department of Parks and Recreation, April 1974
 Fitzgerald Marine Reserve Final Environmental Impact Report, San Mateo County Department of Parks and Recreation, March 1976
 U.S. Endangered Species Act of 1973 (as updated 50CFR 17.11 and 17.12, January, 1982)
Fitzgerald Marine Reserve facebook page

Friends of Fitzgerald Marine Reserve

Marine sanctuaries in California
California Department of Fish and Wildlife areas
California State Reserves
Protected areas of San Mateo County, California
1969 establishments in California
Protected areas established in 1969

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


RCC Builders & Developers, Inc.
ACCNJ, labor partners and member companies, like RCC, joined forces to emphasize safety at New Jersey Construction sites across the state with the goal to raise public awareness of the dangers that exist for construction workers as they build railways, roads and structures and to refocus the attention of workers on the key elements of staying safe while on the job.
On April 19, 2017, before the Navy's daily 0800 ceremonious playing of the Star Spangled Banner, Railroad Construction Company, Inc. was already well underway honoring ACCNJ Safety Day at the US Naval Weapons Station Earle in Colts Neck, NJ.
It only takes one second for something to go wrong and you must be alert at all times.
Short cuts compromise safety – don't do it!
Plan your work and take the time to do it right.
Nationwide construction fatalities are too high, we need to bring the number to ZERO. RCC's goal is ZERO incidents.
To conclude the briefing, Jill Schiff spoke about Safety Day throughout the state and that all ACCNJ member companies were participating and many of the member companies, such as RCC invest a large amount of money each year for co-worker training and educational programs.
Remember, safety is everyone's responsibility. Safety is your responsibility. Safety is my responsibility.
© 2019 Railroad Construction Company. All rights reserved.
Railroad Construction Company, Inc. is not affiliated with Railroad Construction Company of South Jersey, Inc.


As we have written, for a good chunk of the early to late 20th century the Pahlavis ruled the Iranian state and enjoyed a close relationship with the United States–so much so that the CIA and MI6 would launch a coup d'etat to keep the Shah (the king) in power in the 1950s.
While in power in the 20th century, the Shah made clothing politically symbolic, using law to legislate men's and women's apparel and highlight Iran's ties with the West. The Shah forbade women from wearing the hijab and would fine men if they didn't dress in Western style. Put differently, Iran might have looked more liberated and modern under the Shah's autocratic rule, but much of this "liberation" came by force.
For more, check out our gallery of Iran before the Islamic Revolution and Afghanistan before the Taliban. And be sure to like All That Is Interesting Curiosities on Facebook!
What's Glacier National Park Without Glaciers?


» Watch Next Video by Ehsan Sadri - What is macular degeneration?
A cataract is the opacification or the darkening of the lenses inside the patient's eye. This process is painless and progressive and can happen gradually over the years. Typical loss of vision can be for reading , driving, or both and does not come overnight. The patient generally has a sense of fogginess or blurry vision even with the best corrected new glasses. So the typical patient present with dull in color, can't drive, can't read, or all of the above.


I would imagine Jesus' Apostles had been on quite a roller-coaster of emotions over the weeks after Jesus's Resurrection. They had been with him for the three years of his public ministry, saw him die on the Cross, saw him risen from the grave, and now he's talking about leaving again?
All of us, at some point in our lives, have feared being alone or being abandoned by someone we love. We've all felt loneliness or doubt or uncertainly about our future or what we're supposed to do next. But Jesus makes it very clear that his love for us is unwavering and he will continue to guide us. The passage continues, "In a little while the world will no longer see me, but you will see me, because I live and you will live." Jesus reassures the apostles that they will not be alone because His Father will send another Advocate to be with them always. Jesus loved us and guided us, and now he will ask the Father to send the Spirit of truth to do the same.
The Spirit had to be sent and accepted by the disciples because it was the only way Jesus' ministry could have continued and for the Church to grow. Alone, Jesus taught thousands, but by sending out the disciples with the Spirit, they were able to reach to the ends of the earth. In the first reading, we hear of Philip and his mission in Samaria. The people listened to Philip and accepted his teaching, and were baptized, and the apostles prayed over them that the Holy Spirit fell upon them. The Spirit that was sent down from the Father in heaven and received by the disciples 2,000 years ago is the same spirit that we receive today!
A few years ago I went on a retreat. We had a fun weekend, but the memory that sticks out the most to me from it now wasn't the epic dodge ball game or the 10 bags of peanut M&Ms I must have eaten. It was one of the times of prayer that we had. The music ministry played some Holy Spirit themed songs, and the priest who was leading the time of prayer asked everyone to be open to the Holy Spirit in a new way. We sang and prayed, and I remember afterward, something about the room felt different. There was this really concrete feeling of peace. I remember thinking that if someone walked into the room, it would be pretty evident to them that this was more than just a jam session of worship songs.
It's important for us to remember that the Holy Spirit who lives and moves in us is the same Holy Spirit that the Apostles received at Pentecost that got them so fired up that they busted down the doors and couldn't help but go out and tell people about Jesus. When we remember that, it can change not only the way we live and pray ourselves, but the way we share our faith. And the Holy Spirit gives us the wisdom for how to do that. He knows that throwing Bibles at people on the street corner isn't the best way to go about it, but he'll give us the right words to say in a conversation.
So as we look ahead to Pentecost this year during these last weeks of the Easter season, start to pray for a new openness to the Holy Spirit in your life, and like the Apostles you'll get fired up too with that same power.


text:
\section{Introduction}

 Let $V_i$ be $i$th eigenspace of a
symmetric association scheme $(X,\{R_0,\ldots,R_d\})$, $i\in
\{0,\ldots,d\}$. Following \cite{Bier1}, given an eigenvector
$v\in V_i$ denote by $X_{+}(v)=\{x\in X:v_x>0\}$, $X_{-}(v)=\{x\in
X:v_x<0\}$, $X_{0}(v)=\{x\in X:v_x=0\}$. A pair of $w$-subsets are
in $i$th relation, if their intersection is of size $w-i$. The
$w$-subsets of $\{1,\ldots, n\}$ together with $w+1$ relations
above define {\it the Johnson scheme} and the first relation
defines the Johnson graph $J(n,w)$.
 The eigenvalues of the Johnson
scheme are known as the values of the Eberlein polynomials
$E_k(i,w,n)=\sum_{j=0}^{k}(-1)^j{i \choose j}{w-i \choose k-j}{n-w-i \choose k-j}$,
$k,i\in \{0,1,\ldots w\}$. For this scheme (graph) by $V_i$, we
denote the eigenspace corresponding to the eigenvalue
$\lambda_i(n,w)=E_1(i,w,n)=(w-i)(n-w-i)-i$ for $i\in \{0,1,\ldots
w\}$.

 In the
current correspondence we consider the following two
characteristics for the Johnson scheme $J(n,w)$:
$$m_i^-(n,w)=\underset{v:v\in V_i, X_0(v)= \emptyset}{min}|X_{-}(v)|,$$
$$m_i^{0}(n,w)=\underset{v:v\in V_i, v \not\equiv 0}{min}|X_{+}(v)|+|X_{-}(v)|.$$

When $i=1$, the first number was suggested to be ${n-1 \choose w-1}$,
for $n\geq4w$, which is known as the Manikam-Micklos-Singhi
conjecture \cite{Mani}, \cite{Mani2}. The problem was completely
solved in the paper of Blinovski \cite{Blin} recently, after works
with quadratic \cite{Alon} and linear improvements \cite{Pok}.

For a vector $v$ by the support of this vector we mean the value $X_{+}(v)+X_{-}(v)$. The number $m_i^{0}(n,w)$ was shown to be equal to $2^i{n-2i
\choose w-i}$ (along with the description of vectors attaining the
bound) for sufficiently large $n$ in \cite{MVV}. In the paper we
focus on the case when $i=1$ and show that for any $n$ and $w$ the
minimum of the support of vectors from the first eigenspace of
$J(n,w)$ is attained on the vectors from two classes having rather
simple structure (see Section 3).

 Bier and Delsarte \cite{BierDelsarte} proposed to investigate the invariant
 $\underset{v:v\in V_i, X_0(v)= \emptyset}{min}|X_{-}(v)|$ for
 classical association schemes with further generalizations where $v$ is from the
 direct sum of several eigenspaces. They obtained several bounds involving such well-known combinatorial
 concepts
as coverings, completely regular codes, additive codes and
designs. The current study is motivated by a recent progress in
the area of completely regular codes and equitable partitions in
Johnson graphs. In particular, the characterizations of equitable
2-partitions of $J(n,3)$ in \cite{GG} for odd $n$, completely regular codes in $J(n,w)$ with eigenvalue $\lambda_2$
having nontrivial distance were characterized by Martin in
\cite{Martin}.

An eigenvector $u$ of the antipodal Johnson graph $J(2w,w)$
corresponding to $\lambda_i$ is such that its absolute values on
the pairs of antipodal pairs are equal and signs are the same or
opposite depending on the parity of $i$ \cite{BCN}[p. 142-143].
So, in case of odd $i$ we have that $m_i^{-}(2w,w)={2w-1 \choose
w-1} $.

In \cite{BierDelsarte} it was shown that
\begin{equation}\label{BDbounds}\frac{(^{n}_{w})}{|D|}\leq m_i^{-}(n,w)\leq |C|,\end{equation} where $C$ and
$D$ are codes (subsets of the vertices of $J(n,w)$), whose
characteristic functions belong to $V_i\oplus V_0$ and
$\underset{j\in \{0,\ldots,w\}\setminus i}{\oplus}V_j$
respectively. Eliminating a constant vector from the
characteristic function of $C$, we see that there is a two-valued
eigenvector $v$ from $V_i$ such that $v_x\neq v_y$ iff $x\in C$,
$y\notin C$. In other words, $(C,\overline{C})$ is an equitable
2-partition of $J(n,w)$. Suppose that there is a
$(w-1)-(n,w,1)$-design $C$ then its size is the value for
$m_{w}^{-}(n,w)$. Indeed, such a design produces an equitable
2-partition $(C, \overline{C})$ of $J(n,w)$ with eigenvalue
$\lambda_w(n,w)$, see \cite{Martin}. On the other hand the
"anticode" $D$ could be chosen to be the set $\{x:y\subset x\}$
where $y$ is a $w-1$-element subset. The set $D$ is a Delsarte
clique in the Johnson graph which is a completely regular code
with eigenvalues $\lambda_0,\ldots,\lambda_{w-1}$, so the
characteristic function of $D$ is orthogonal to $V_w$
\cite{Bier2}. The smallest open case is $i=2,w=3$, since
$m_1^{-}(n,2)$ was shown to be $\lceil n/2\rceil$ in \cite{Bier2}.
Again, for $n=1,3 (mod\mbox{ }6)$, $w=3$ the best known
 "anticode" $D$ from $V_0\oplus V_1 \oplus V_3$ is
a Steiner triple system, so from (\ref{BDbounds}) we have that

\begin{equation}\label{LBn3}n-2\leq m_2^{-}(n,3).\end{equation}

The bound (\ref{LBn3}) could be tightened up to $2n-9$ by
considering a modification of the weight distribution lower bound
\cite{KMP} with a generalization for arbitrary $w$, which we
discuss in Section 4.1. The choice of $C$ in (\ref{BDbounds}) is
generalized to be a part of an equitable partition with appropriate eigenvalue. This gives an upper bound in case of
$J(n,3)$ for odd $n$ and $i=2$ (see Section 4.2), where no equitable 2-partitions
exist \cite{GG}. For even $n$ the upper bound
(\ref{BDbounds}) from equitable 2-partitions of $J(n,3)$ is
$n(n-2)/2$.

\section{Definitions and Preliminaries}

\subsection{Equitable partitions}

Let $G$ be an undirected graph. An {\it equitable $r$-partition}
with parts $C_1,\ldots, C_{r}$ of the vertex set of $G$ is called
equitable if for any $i,j \in \{1,\ldots,r\}$ a vertex from $C_i$
has exactly $A_{ij}$ neighbors in $C_j$. The matrix
$A=(A_{ij})_{i,j\in \{1,\ldots,r\}}$ is called the {\it quotient
matrix}. An eigenvalue of the quotient matrix $A$ is called {\it
an eigenvalue} of the partition. Given an eigenvector $u$ of $A$
corresponding to an eigenvalue $\lambda$ define $u^G$ to be the
vector, indexed by the vertices of $G$ such that $u^G_x=u_i$, if
$x\in C_i$. The vector $u^G$ is an eigenvector of the adjacency
matrix of $G$ corresponding to $\lambda$ \cite{CDZ}[\S 4.5].
 In view of the said above, the upper bound in (\ref{BDbounds}) is generalized as follows:

 \begin{proposition}\label{Ub}
Let $u$ be an eigenvector without zero entries of the quotient
matrix of an equitable partition of the Johnson graph $J(n,w)$
with parts $C_1,\ldots,C_r$. Then
$$m_i^{-}(n,w)\leq \sum_{j: u_j<0}|C_j|.$$
 \end{proposition}

\subsection{The first eigenspace of $J(n,w)$}

Consider the eigenvectors of the complete graph $K_n=J(n,1)$
indexed by integers from $\{1,\ldots,n\}$. The graph has two
eigenvalues: $n-1$ and $-1$. An eigenvector
$a=(\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_n)$ of the graph corresponding to the
eigenvalue $-1$ could be characterized as a solution for the
equation: $\alpha_1+\ldots+\alpha_n=0$. The first eigenspace of
the Johnson graph $J(n,w)$ could be obtained from that of the
complete graph using the isomorphism established by the inclusion
mapping $I$ (see \cite{Delsarte}): the image $I_{}(a)$ is such
that $(I(a))_x=\underset{i\in x}{\sum} \alpha_i$.

Consider the following
two equitable 2-partitions of $J(n,w)$: $(\{x:1 \in x\}$, $\{x:1
\notin x\})$ and $(\{x:2 \in x\}$, $\{x:2 \notin x\})$ \cite{Martin}.
Denote by $v^{1,2}$ the difference of two eigenvectors of $J(n,w)$
arising from these partitions, i.e. $v^{1,2}_x=0,$ if $1,2$ are
simultaneously in or are not in $x$, $v^{1,2}_x=1$, if $1\in x$,
$2\notin x$, $v^{1,2}_x=-1$, if $1\notin x$, $2\in x$. In \cite{MVV}
it was shown that the minimum support eigenvectors from the first
eigenspace are exactly $v^{1,2}$ up to appropriate permutation of coordinate positions starting with large enough $n$ (as
well as a generalization of the result for any eigenspace). It is
easy to see that $v^{1,2}$ is $I(e_1-e_2)$, where $e_1, e_2$ are
$1$-st and $2$-nd vectors of the standard basis.

In Section 3 we extend results from \cite{MVV} in further details.
We show that for any $n$ the minimum support eigenvector is either
$v^{1,2}$ or $I(a)$, where $a$ is a two-valued $(-1)$-eigenvector
of $J(n,1)$.

\section{Minimum support $\lambda_1$-eigenvectors}

\begin{theorem}{\label{th1}}
Let $v$ be $\lambda_1$-eigenvector of $J(n,w)$, $n\geq 2w$, $w\ge 2$ with minimum support. Then $v$ is $I(e_1-e_2)$ or $I(\sum_{i=1}^{k}{e_i}-\frac{k}{n-k}\sum_{i=k+1}^{n}{e_i})$ for some $k\in \{2,3,\dots,n-2\}$ such that
 $\frac{kw}{n}\in \mathbb{N}$ up to a permutation of coordinate positions and the multiplication by a scalar.
In particular,

$$m_1^0(n,w)=\min{(2{n-2 \choose w-1},{n \choose w}-\max_{k\in \{2,3,\dots,n-2\},\frac{kw}{n}\in \mathbb{N}}{ {k \choose \frac{kw}{n}}{n-k \choose \frac{(n-k)w}{n}}  })} $$

\end{theorem}
\proofname

As it was mentioned above every $\lambda_1$-eigenvector equals $I(a)$ for some vector $a=(\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_n)$
such that $\alpha_1+\ldots+\alpha_n=0$. Our next goal is to determine values $\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_n$ for which the support of $I(a)$ is minimal. Let $v=I(a)$ be a $\lambda_1$-eigenvector with minimum support. Since the vector $I(e_1-e_2)$ has the size of the support equal $2{n-2 \choose w-1}$, we shall assume that the size of the support of $I(a)$ is not more than $2{n-2 \choose w-1}$. Let us denote by $m$ the size of $\{\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_n\}$.
There are two different cases:

\begin{enumerate}
\item[$m\ge 3.$]
Without loss of generality we can assume that $\alpha_1,\alpha_2$
and $\alpha_3$ are pairwise different. Take arbitrary subsets
$A_1,A_2$ of the set  $\{4,\ldots,n\}$ of cardinalities $w-1$ and
$w-2$ respectively. Clearly, there are at least $2$ nonzero values
among $I(a)_{i\cup A_1}=\alpha_i+\sum_{k\in A_1}\alpha_k, i=1,2,3$
and at least $2$ nonzero values among $I(a)_{\{i,j\}\cup
A_2}=\alpha_i+\alpha_j+\sum_{k\in A_2}\alpha_k,$ $i,j \in
\{1,2,3\}$, $i\ne j$. So the support of $v$ is at least $2{n-3
\choose w-1}+2{n-3 \choose w-2}=2 {n-2 \choose w-1}$. By
hypothesis the vector $I(a)$ has minimal size of the support, so
we conclude that $I(a)_x=0$ for any $w$-subset $x$ of
$\{4,\ldots,n\}$. In other words, $I'(a')$ is the zero vector,
where $a'$ is obtained from $a$ by removing its first 3 entries,
$I'$ is the inclusion mapping from $J(n-3,1)$ to $J(n-3,w)$.

We have that $\sum_{i=4,\ldots,n}\alpha_i=\frac{\sum_{x\subset
\{4,\ldots,n\}, |x|=w}I'(a')_x}{(^{n-4}_{w-1})}=0$. Therefore the
vector $a'=(\alpha_4,\ldots,\alpha_n)$ belongs to $V_1(n-3,1)$ and
is the zero vector because $I'(a')$ is the zero vector and $I'$ is
an isomorphism from $V_1(n-3,1)$ to $V_1(n-3,w)$.

   From the
above there are exactly $2$ nonzero values among
$\alpha_1+\alpha_2, \alpha_1+\alpha_3, \alpha_2+\alpha_3$.
Consequently, we can consider $\alpha_3=0$ and
$\alpha_1=-\alpha_2$, which means that $v$ is equal to
$cI(e_1-e_2)$ for some constant $c$.
\item [$m=2.$]
 Without loss of generality we can take $\alpha_1=\alpha_2=\ldots=\alpha_k=\hat{\alpha}$ and $\alpha_{k+1}=\alpha_{k+2}=\ldots =\alpha_{n}=\hat{\beta}$ for some integer $k$ such that $2 \leq k\ \leq n-2$. Using the equality $\alpha_1+\ldots+\alpha_n=0$ we have $\hat{\beta}=-\hat{\alpha}\frac{k}{n-k}$.
 Let us take an arbitrary vertex $x$ of $J(n,w)$. It is easy to see that $I(a)_x=0$ if and only if $x$ has exactly $\frac{kw}{n}$ ones in first $k$ coordinate positions and $w-\frac{kw}{n}$ ones in the rest $n-k$ coordinate positions. Particularly, $\frac{kw}{n}$ must be an integer.
 Therefore, the support of $v$ equals ${n \choose w}- {k \choose \frac{kw}{n}}{n-k \choose \frac{(n-k)w}{n}}$. Taking the minimum of this expression over all admissible $k$ we obtain the statement of the theorem.

\end{enumerate}
In the case $m=1$ we automatically obtain the all-zero eigenvector $v$, which is not possible.

\qed

The theorem $1$ reduces the problem of minimizing $m_1^0(n,w)$ to
the comparison of two expressions containing binomial
coefficients.

\section{Bounds on $m_i^{-}(n,w)$}

\subsection{A lower bound on $m_i^{-}(n,w)$}

Let $v$ be an eigenvector of the Johnson graph $J(n,w)$ without
zero entries, $x$ be the vertex such that $v_x$ is negative and
takes maximum absolute value over all negative entries of $v$.
Consider the distance partition $(C_0,\ldots,C_w)$ of the vertices
of $J(n,w)$ with respect to the vertex $x$. It is well-known that
the sum of the entries of $v$ on $C_k$ is expressed using the
Eberlein polynomials and the value $v_x$:
$$\sum_{y \in C_k}v_y=v_xE_k(i,w,n).$$ Let $E_k(i,w,n)$ be non-negative. Then by the choice of $v_x$ with the maximum absolute value we see that there are at
least $|E_k(i,w,n)|$ negative values for $v_y$ in $C_k$. Moreover,
 there are more than $|E_k(i,w,n)|$ negative $v_y$'s not
 less then $v_x$, because there is at least one positive $v_y$
 in $C_k$, since obviously $|E_k(i,w,n)|<|C_k|$ for $k>0$. Thus we obtain the following bound.

 \begin{theorem}
$m_i^{-}(n,w)\geq 1+\underset{k>0:
E_k(i,w,n)\ge 0}{\sum}(|E_k(i,w,n)|+1)$.
 \end{theorem}
The consideration for the proof above is similar to the one for
the weight distribution bound on the number of nonzeros for the
eigenvector of distance-regular graph, see \cite{KMP}. The values
of the Eberlein polynomials for $i=2$ and $w=3$ are as follows
$E_0(2)=1,$ $E_1(2)=n-7$, $E_2(2)=11-2n$, $E_3(2)=n-5$. Therefore,
we have the bound below.

\begin{corollary}{\label{lowbound}}
$m_2^{-}(n,3)\geq 2n-9$.
\end{corollary}

\subsection{An upper bound on $m_2^{-}(n,3)$}
Let $n$ be $2r$. The following construction could be found in
\cite{GP} (see also \cite{AM}). Consider the complement of a
perfect matching on vertices labeled with $\{1,\ldots,2k\}$ to a
complete bipartite graph. Then the triples of vertices are parted
into three orbits $C_1$, $C_2$, $C_3$ with respect to the action
of the automorphism group of the graph. The triples of $C_1$
consist of vertices belonging to the same part, the triples of
$C_2$ induce a walk of length 2 in the graph, the triples of $C_3$
contain exactly one pair of adjacent vertices. Any two parts could
be merged and result in equitable 2-partition of triples, e.g. the
Johnson graph $J(2r,3)$ \cite{AM}. In particular, the partition
($C_1'=C_1\cup C_2$, $C_2'=C_3$) has the following quotient matrix:
$$\left(%
\begin{array}{cc}
  3(2r-5) & 6 \\
  4(r-2) & 2r-1 \\
\end{array}%
\right)$$
 whose eigenvalues are $\lambda_0(n,3)$ and
$\lambda_2(n,3)$. The parts are in $4(r-2)$ to 6 ratio, so in view
of the Proposition \ref{Ub} we see that $$m_2^{-}(n,3)\leq
n(n-2)/2.$$

Let $n$ be $2r+1$. Consider the graph $G$ with $2r+1$ vertices
which is a union of an isolated vertex and the graph $G'$
consisting the complement of a perfect matching on vertices of
size $r$ to a complete bipartite graph. We have the following
orbits of triples of vertices:

\begin{description}
    \item[$C_1$] The vertices of the triple are in one part of $G'$
    \item[$C_2$] The vertices of the triple induce a walk of length 2 in $G'$
    \item[$C_3$] The vertices of the triple belong to $G'$ and
    contain
    only two adjacent vertices
    \item[$C_4$] Two nonadjacent vertices belong to different parts of $G'$ and the
    third one is isolated
    \item[$C_5$] Two vertices are in one part of $G'$ and the third one
    is isolated
    \item[$C_6$] Two vertices are adjacent and the third one is isolated
\end{description}

The equitable partition $(C_1,\ldots, C_6)$ of $J(2r+1,3)$ has the
following quotient matrix:

$$\left(%
\begin{array}{cccccc}
  3(r-3) & 3(r-2) & 6 & 0 & 3 & 0 \\
  r-2 & 5r-13 & 6 & 0 & 1 & 2 \\
  r-2 & 3(r-2) & 2r-1 & 1 & 1 & 1 \\
  0 & 0 & 2(r-1) & 0 & 2(r-1) & 2(r-1) \\
  r-2 & r-2 & 2 & 2 & 2(r-2) & 2(r-1) \\
  0 & 2(r-2) & 2 & 2 & 2(r-1) & 2(r-2) \\
\end{array}%
\right).$$ The matrix has eigenvector $(3,3,4-2r,2-2r,1,1)$
corresponding to eigenvalue $\lambda_2(2r+1,3)=2r-6$. By
Proposition \ref{Ub}, we see that $$m_2^{-}(n,3)\leq
|C_3|+|C_4|=2r(r-1)+r=(n-1)(n-2)/2.$$

Thus we obtain
\begin{theorem}{\label{upbound}}

$$m_2^{-}(n,3)\leq
\begin{cases}
n(n-2)/2,&\text{if $n$ is even;}\\
(n-1)(n-2)/2,&\text{if $n$ is odd.}

\end{cases}  $$

\end{theorem}

\section{Conclusion}

Theorem 1 reduces the problem of finding $m_1^0(n,w)$ to the
determination which one of values
$$ \left( {n \choose w}-\max_{k\in \{2,3,\dots,n-2\},\frac{kw}{n}\in \mathbb{N}}{ {k \choose \frac{kw}{n}}{n-k \choose \frac{(n-k)w}{n}}  } \right)  \text{ or }   2{n-2 \choose w-1}$$
is smaller. In \cite{MVV} it was shown that the second one is the
answer starting from some value $n_0(w)$. We have compared these
values for $6 \leq n \leq 600$ and $3\leq w \leq \frac{n}{2}$ and
consequently found corresponding $m_1^0(n,w)$. Based on these
computational results we state the following conjecture:

\begin{conjecture}
For $w \geq 5$ and $n\geq 2w+1$ the following identity holds
$$m_1^0(n,w)=2{n-2 \choose w-1}.$$
\end{conjecture}

For $w<5$ we have found several curious examples:
\begin{enumerate}
\item $m_1^0(6,2)=6$ is attained on the vector $v=I(e_1+e_2+e_3-e_4-e_5-e_6)$,

\item $m_1^0(8,2)=12$ is attained on vectors $v=I(e_1+e_2+e_3+e_4-e_5-e_6-e_7-e_8)$ and $u=(e_1-e_2)$,

\item $m_1^0(9,3)=39$ is attained on the vector $v=I(2e_1+2e_2+2e_3-e_4-e_5-e_6-e_7-e_8-e_9)$,

\item $m_1^0(10,4)=110$ is attained on the vector $v=I(e_1+e_2+e_3+e_4+e_5-e_6-e_7-e_8-e_9-e_{10})$.
\end{enumerate}

Let us notice that it is not hard to show using theorem \ref{th1}
and basic properties of binomial coefficients that
$$m_1^0(2w,w)={2w \choose w}-2{2w-2 \choose w-1}$$ which is
attained on the vector $I((w-1)(e_1+e_2)-\sum_{i=3}^{2w}{e_i})$.

In the theorem \ref{upbound} we described a construction providing
a quadratic on $n$ upper bound for the characteristic
$m_2^{-}(n,3)$. At the same time, the corollary \ref{lowbound}
gives us a lower bound which is linear on $n$. The real behaviour
of the growth rate of $m_2^{-}(n,3)$ remains to be an intriguing
open problem.

The characteristic $\underset{v:v\in V_i, X_0(v)=
\emptyset}{min}|X_{-}(v)|$ considered by Bier and Delsarte
\cite{BierDelsarte} requires that $v$ does not have zero entries.
It may be interesting in the future research to remove this
condition and try to find this value in this case for classical
association schemes.

\section{Acknowledgements}
The authors thank the anonymous referee of the paper \cite{MVV}
for pointing out that there is a connection between the problem of
minimizing of Johnson scheme eigenvector's support and the
Manikam-Mikl\'{o}s-Singhi conjecture, which led to the current
research.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Peta Todd (Londres, 8 de diciembre de 1986) es una modelo de glamour, reconocida por haber sido chica de la página 3 en The Sun.

Biografía
Todd apareció por primera vez en la página 3 de The Sun cuando tenía 18 años. Dejó su carrera de modelo en 2006 para tener a su hijo Finnbar, volviendo poco después al modelaje. Desde 2005, Todd ha modelado regularmente para Body in Mind, incluso durante su primer embarazo.

En 2008, Todd recorrió 640 km en cinco días y recaudó más de 3 000 libras esterlinas gracias a los patrocinadores y otras 4 000 subastando su bicicleta y sus pantalones cortos el último día del recorrido, para la organización benéfica Help for Heroes. Es la madrina y patrocinadora oficial de la organización benéfica, y ha completado muchos retos para ellos, como paracaidismo, paseos en ala y bobsleigh, y completó la Maratón de Londres de 2010 en beneficio de la organización.

Todd también ha viajado a Afganistán para levantar la moral de las tropas británicas estacionadas allí.

Todd apareció en el programa de la BBC Newsnight en 2010 para hablar de los méritos de los 40 años de Página 3. Ha participado en debates en la Oxford Union y en otras universidades, como la de Durham.

Todd ha sido una colaboradora habitual en programas de radio, copresentando el programa Absolution con Tim Shaw en Absolute Radio. También ha aparecido en BBC Radio 5 Live para discutir si el cuarenta aniversario de las chicas de la Page 3 debería celebrarse.

Tiene un hijo Finnbar (nacido en 2006) de una relación anterior. Está casada con el ciclista del Deceuninck-Quick-Step Mark Cavendish, al que conoció en noviembre de 2010. Cavendish y Todd tienen tres hijos juntos: Delilah, Frey y Casper. Todd es seguidora del West Ham United.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Modelos femeninas de Inglaterra
Modelos eróticas de Reino Unido
Nacidos en Londres


text:
Sugar industry withheld health effects nearly 50 years ago, study shows
A US sugar industry trade group appears to have pulled the plug on a study that was producing animal evidence linking sucrose to disease nearly 50 years ago, researchers argue.
A U.S. sugar industry trade group appears to have pulled the plug on a study that was producing animal evidence linking sucrose to disease nearly 50 years ago, researchers argue in a paper publishing on November 21 in the open access journal PLOS Biology.
Also read, Scientists reveal the relationship between sugar and cancer.
Researchers Cristin Kearns, Dorie Apollonio and Stanton Glantz from the University of California at San Francisco reviewed internal sugar industry documents and discovered that the Sugar Research Foundation (SRF) funded animal research to evaluate sucrose's effects on cardiovascular health. When the evidence seemed to indicate that sucrose might be associated with heart disease and bladder cancer, they found, the foundation terminated the project without publishing the results.
In a previous analysis of the documents, Kearns and Glantz found that SRF had secretly funded a 1967 review article that downplayed evidence linking sucrose consumption to coronary heart disease. That SRF-funded review noted that gut microbes may explain why rats fed sugar had higher cholesterol levels than those fed starch, but dismissed the relevance of animal studies to understanding human disease.
In the new paper in PLOS Biology, the team reports that the following year, SRF (which had changed its name in 1968 to the International Sugar Research Foundation, or ISRF) launched a rat study called Project 259 'to measure the nutritional effects of the [bacterial] organisms in the intestinal tract' when sucrose was consumed, compared to starch.
The ISRF-funded research on rats by W.R.F. Pover of the University of Birmingham suggested that gut bacteria help mediate sugar's adverse cardiovascular effects. Pover also reported findings that might indicate an increased risk of bladder cancer. "This incidental finding of Project 259 demonstrated to ISRF that sucrose vs. starch consumption caused different metabolic effects," Kearns and her colleagues argue, "and suggested that sucrose, by stimulating urinary beta-glucuronidase, may have a role in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer."
The ISRF described the finding in a September 1969 internal document as "one of the first demonstrations of a biological difference between sucrose and starch fed rats." But soon after ISRF learned about these results -- and shortly before the research project was complete -- the group terminated funding for the project, and no findings from the work were published.
In the 1960s, scientists disagreed over whether sugar could elevate triglycerides relative to starch, and Project 259 would have bolstered the case that it could, the authors argue. What's more, terminating Project 259 echoed SRF's earlier efforts to downplay sugar's role in cardiovascular disease.
The results suggest that the current debate on the relative effects of sugar vs. starch may be rooted in more than 60 years of industry manipulation of science. Last year, the Sugar Association criticized a mouse study suggesting a link between sugar and increased tumor growth and metastasis, saying that "no credible link between ingested sugars and cancer has been established."
The analysis by Kearns and her colleagues of the industry's own documents, in contrast, suggests that the industry knew of animal research suggesting this link and halted funding to protect its commercial interests half a century ago.
"The kind of manipulation of research is similar what the tobacco industry does," according to co-author Stanton Glantz. "This kind of behavior calls into question sugar industry-funded studies as a reliable source of information for public policy making."
"Our study contributes to a wider body of literature documenting industry manipulation of science," the researchers write in the PLOS Biology paper. "Based on ISRF's interpretation of preliminary results, extending Project 259's funding would have been unfavorable to the sugar industry's commercial interests." SRF cut off funding before that could happen.
SOURCE Science Daily, PLOS


text:
The Council Has Spoken! Our Watcher's Council Results – 01/17/16
Condensed version of Obama's SOTU
When you ask people, "What's America's longest war?" they usually answer "Vietnam" or amend that to "Afghanistan," but it's neither. America's longest war is the war on drugs. – Don Winslow, The Cartel
Poor Mexico. So far from G-d, so close to the United States. – Former Mexican Presidente Porfirio Diaz
El que impuesto está a perder, hasta lástima es que gane" (If someone has decided to lose, it would be a pity if he wins) – Mexican proverb
This week's winning essay comes from Fausta's blog, Mexico: El Chapo's notes from underground, VIDEO. By now, Sean Penn's infamous sojurn in Mexico to interview cartel boss El Chapo is common knowledge, but Fausta takes us behind the headlines with an fascinating in-depth look at how it happened and the aftermath that saw El Chapo recaptured… at least for now. Here's a slice:
Penn first met in person with El Chapo's son under Chavista Cartel de los Soles protection in Venezuela's Margarita Island.
El Chapo snuck out of the house during the Mexican Marines' raid through a tunnel, bring us today's Capt. Louis Renault moment:
'El Chapo' Nearly Foiled Capture With Another Tunnel. Mexican Marines took nearly 90 minutes to find the drug lord's tunnel
"Video published Monday by Mexican broadcaster Televisa revealed details of the secret tunnel used by Mr. Guzmán to slip away from marines as they stormed a house he was using in the coastal city of Los Mochis. He was arrested hours later trying to leave the city in a stolen car.
The tunnel was hidden behind a closet mirror, featured a secret switch hidden in the ceiling, and had electricity and wooden planks covering the walls, the images showed. Marines took nearly 90 minutes to find the tunnel and open the access, giving him a big head start.
Mr. Guzmán, the world's most notorious drug lord and leader of the Sinaloa cartel, has a long history with tunnels. He is widely credited with pioneering the use of tunnels to ferry drugs across the U.S.-Mexico border, and used tunnels in recent years to elude capture as Mexico's most-wanted criminal. He then famously used a mile-long tunnel to escape from prison last July."
Were he living, Dosto may have something to say on Chapo's underground tendencies.
By now, shouldn't Chapo (Shorty) be named El Topo (Mole)?
Here's Televisa's coverage (in Spanish). Here's the video from the Marines' unit commander's go-pro camera.
Anonymous Mexico released an embeddable version,
While the house was raided.
Much more at the link.
In our non-Council category, the winner was Sultan Knish – The Tribal War With Islam submitted by The Independent Sentinel.
Council Winners:
*First place with 2 1/3 votes! – Fausta's Blog – Mexico: El Chapo's notes from underground, VIDEO
Second place *t* with 2 votes – The Noisy Room – Europe Braces Itself For Terrorism As Germany And Other Countries Experience Sexual Jihad Firsthand From Rapefugees
Second place *t* with 2 votes – Bookworm Room – Obama's Middle Eastern policy is a bad replay of Woodrow Wilson's post WWI efforts (and we know how that ended)
Third place with 1 2/3 votes – The Razor – What Amazon Prime's Transparent Teaches About Feminism
Fourth place with 1 vote – The Right Planet – Breaking Red: The Truth about Dalton Trumbo and the Hollywood Ten
Fifth place *t* with 2/3 vote – The Independent Sentinel – Democrats Invite Terror-Tied Islamists to the State of the Union to Send a Message
Fifth place *t* with 2/3 vote – Puma By Design – Obama Campaigning for Next Job – Leader of the New World Order
Fifth place *t* with 2/3 vote – Joshuapundit – Rise And Shine – Some Thoughts For The New Year
Sixth place *t* with 1/3 vote – Nice Deb – Video: FBI Probe Into Clinton Emails Expanded To Look Into Clinton Foundation Malfeasance
Sixth place *t* with 1/3 vote – VA Right! – Bill Bolling: A Case Study in Classic Delusional RINO-ism
Sixth place *t* with 1/3 vote – The Glittering Eye – These Are Our Political Leaders
Non-Council Winners:
*First place with 2 votes! – Sultan Knish – The Tribal War With Islam submitted by The Independent Sentinel
Second place *t* with 1 2/3 votes – Mark Steyn – Notes on a Phenomenon submitted by The Noisy Room
Second place *t* with 1 2/3 votes – John Schindler/NY Observer – Hillary's EmailGate Goes Nuclear submitted by Nice Deb
Third place *t* with 1 1/3 votes – Jeremy Choate/Zero Hedge – One American's Rage Spills Over: Dear Liberal… Here's Why I'm So Hostile submitted by The Razor
Third place *t* with 1 1/3 votes – Elizabeth Price Foley/Instapundit – Is Ted Cruz a Natural Born U. S. Citizen? submitted by The Glittering Eye
Fourth place *t* with 2/3 votes – Dana Loesch – A Thorough Fisking of Obama's Executive Orders on Gun Control submitted by The Right Planet
Fourth place *t* with 2/3 votes – Richard Fernandez/PJ Media – Stand by for Collision submitted by Fausta's Blog
Fourth place *t* with 2/3 votes – Roger L. Simon – In Your Heart, You Know He's Right: Trump and Muslim Immigration submitted by Joshuapundit
Fourth place *t* with 2/3 votes –Breitbart – Marco Rubio: I 'Absolutely' Support Tuition Discounts For Illegal Alienssubmitted by VA Right!
Fifth place *t* with 1/3 vote – Jesse Rosenfeld/Daily Beast – Russia Is Arming Hezbollah submitted by GrEaT sAtAn"S gIrLfRiEnD
Fifth place *t* with 1/3 vote – Kevin Williamson/NRO – Mrs. Clinton Is Professor Clicksubmitted by Bookworm Room
Fifth place *t* with 1/3 vote – Benjamin Weingarten/City Journal – See No Islam, Hear No Islam submitted by The Watcher
Posted in 2nd Amendment, American Revolution, American Stuff, Authors, Constitution, Financial, Founding Fathers, History, Illegal Immigration, Military, Pandemics, Politics, Question(s) of the Day, Religion, Survival, Taxation, Terresa Monroe-Hamilton, Terrorism	| Tagged Bloggers, Politics, The Watcher's Council, Watcher of Weasels	|
Will the Farsi Island incident turn out to be a Cover-up like Benghazi?
By: Wallace Bruschweiler and William Palumbo
Dr. Rich Swier
Since Tuesday's capture of U.S. Navy sailors by the Iranians, many questions have emerged that call into question the official story of events. Knowing the history of the Obama administration, including the Arab Spring and the infamous attack and cover-up Benghazi "incident," is it fair to assume that the White House is again deceiving the American public?
After five years. This graphic details the results of the Arab Spring. An increase in failed states and autocracies.
In light of yet another disgraceful situation that humiliated our country and military, below are some vital and important questions to ponder (forget political correctness!):
Was this event coordinated to coincide with Obama's final State of the Union, which conspicuously did not mention the sailors in Iranian custody?
Did John Kerry foresee that when the Iranians released the sailors it would provide good publicity for the Iranian nuclear deal that he negotiated with his Iranian family-related "buddy," Javad Zarif? Wasn't it, like John Kerry said, "a good story for both of us"?
Did, as Rep. Louis Gohmert mentioned, the White House indicate to the Iranianswhere to find the two boats and apprehend ("help") the sailors? Did they have "mechanical problems," or was it sophisticated jamming of their GPS?
Were the boats truly navigating in Iranian-controlled waters? If so, how did all of their various navigational systems fail simultaneously?
Is the entire chain-of-command, leading up to Defense Secretary Carter'sinsistence that the sailors were faced with a "navigational error" and/or mechanical failure, part of a Machiavellian cover-up?
Could those ten sailors have been regarded as hostages and collateral for the frozen Iranian funds?
Was the subsequent strangely-timed prisoner swap between the Obama administration and Iran a further diversion designed to change the attention and conversation away from the highly suspicious related facts of the Farsi Island incident?
At first, on the surface, this sordid affair is not unlike another major scandal of the Obama administration: Benghazi. Again, consider some important questions:
Isn't one leading theory of what the terrorists were hoping to achieve in Benghazi the kidnapping of Ambassador Chris Stevens, so that he could later be swapped for the so-called Blind Sheikh, a well-known Egyptian terrorist?
Wasn't the terrorist mob in Benghazi recorded screaming "Don't shoot! Morsi sent us!" as they approached the compound?
Didn't Ansar al-Sharia, an Iranian-backed terror group, claim responsibility for the Benghazi attack?
Wasn't then U.S. Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton, trumpeting that a video caused of the attack?
Didn't all these facts point to the manipulation performed by the genius puppet master, Iranian-born Valerie Jarrett?
Now that the Farsi Island incident is over and with the focus shifting to the latest prisoner swap, who will be the "schmuck" that throws their hands up and screams "What difference, at this point, does it make?"
Posted in Constitution, History, Military, Politics, Religion, Survival, Terrorism	| Tagged Barack Obama, Iran, John Kerry, Louis Gohmert, Military, Nuclear Deal, Politics, Sanctions, Valerie Jarrett, War	|
Cruz Takes High Road — SC Conservatives Boo Trump After He Takes Cheap Shots at Ted Cruz
By: Terresa Monroe-Hamilton
Donald Trump had a literal meltdown and attacked Ted Cruz on Twitter. Not good. I guess the honeymoon is over. Too bad, they would have gone well together. Ted Cruz mocked him for it. His retort was epic:
So, the gloves have come off and now Trump is slinging mud as fast as he can. He's claiming Cruz is not a US citizen which is just ludicrous. He's claiming that Cruz took loans he has not declared, which is also not true. Trump says that Cruz is bought and paid for by Goldman Sachs. Why? Because his wife used to work there? Also bull crap. I used to work for Lionel, Sawyer and Collins and Harry Reid doesn't own me. Ted is living rent free in Trump's head and it is driving him nuts. Everyone knows what Cruz meant on New York values… he was referring to commies like de Blasio and Bloomberg. Get a grip man before you implode.
Mark Levin has staunchly defended Ted Cruz, pointing out the obvious, that he is indeed a US citizen. Now, he's coming to his defense again on this New York nonsense. Levin said that you have to be out of your mind to believe that Ted Cruz was trashing the police, firefighters or any emergency personnel in New York. There is no one out there that respects New Yorkers and what happened on 9/11 more than Ted Cruz does. As I just said, he's referring to the values of New York liberal Progressives that run the state.
When Trump brought up 9/11 in response to Cruz's explanation on this, Levin said he actually started to cringe. Levin asked what the World Trade Center has to do with anything? It's something he'd expect a liberal to say because it has nothing to do with Ted Cruz's point.
Evidently, Trump thinks the birther angle got him some traction and he is doubling and tripling down against Cruz because the poll numbers in Iowa favor Ted. He was roundly booed in South Carolina when he started taking cheap shots at Cruz. I've never seen a crowd turn on Trump for attacking another candidate, but they sure as heck did in South Carolina. The rally was held in Myrtle Beach, SC. Donald Trump attempted to attack Ted Cruz using a New York Times hit piece and was booed by the crowd. Watch and see for yourself:
From TedCruz.org:
NBC News: Donald Trump Booed By Conservative Crowd After Attacks on Ted Cruz
Among conservatives, Donald Trump can typically do no wrong — until he attacks Ted Cruz.
On Saturday, Trump drew boos from a grassroots conservative crowd during remarks at the South Carolina Tea Party Coalition Convention for his attack on Cruz's previously undisclosed loans.
"You give a campaign contribution to Ted Cruz, you get whatever the hell you want," he said, before boos erupted from the crowd.
Trump went on as the boos grew louder: "Say whatever you want, it's okay, he didn't report his bank loans. He's got bank loans from Goldman Sachs, he's got bank loans from Citibank, folks, and then he acts like Robin Hood?"
Trump was less than popular at that gathering. It looks like he hit a brick wall there. The strategy to go after Cruz this way was badly considered. He calls Cruz a nice guy over and over as he campaigns, but that just changed as well. On ABC this morning, Trump said Cruz is a 'nasty' guy that nobody likes. That's stepping over the line even for me. You won't find a nicer or more Godly man than Ted Cruz. By all accounts, he is a kind and genuinely good man. He's not liked because he won't compromise his principles and he believes in the Constitution. Going on ABC that way is hitting below the belt and is not the mark of a leader with character.
From Donald Trump:
'Look, the truth is, he's a nasty guy. He was so nice to me. I mean, I knew it. I was watching. I kept saying, "Come on Ted. Let's go, okay." But he's a nasty guy. Nobody likes him. Nobody in Congress likes him.
'Nobody likes him anywhere once they get to know him. He's a very – he's got an edge that's not good. You can't make deals with people like that and it's not a good thing. It's not a good thing for the country. Very nasty guy.'
He added: 'He's a total hypocrite.
I'm trying very hard here not to get really ticked off. Funny how Trump thought Ted was a friend and a great guy until he rose in the polls and looked like he would take Iowa. Even after his 'New York' comment, he won the New York Straw Poll:
Here's how CNN reported Cruz's response to Trump's venomous attacks:
Cruz declined to comment on the Times report when asked by a CNN reporter during an appearance in Columbia, South Carolina on Friday. But speaking to reporters at a church not far from Charlotte on Saturday, Cruz, who once declined to attack Trump, shed any caution he may have had about laying into his top rival.
"I would note that Donald's record does not match what he says as a candidate," Cruz said, gamely tackling questions he routinely swatted away for seven months.
Cruz also aggressively ridiculed Trump's obsession with the latest opinion surveys, saying that Trump's attacks on Twitter come because he is "dismayed" about a recent NBC News/Wall Street Journal poll showing a competitive race.
"I imagine it pulled him out of bed this morning and send him tweeting and tweeting and tweeting," he said. "I think in terms of a commander in chief, we ought to have someone who isn't springing out of bed to tweet in a frantic response to the latest poll.
Cruz referred repeatedly to an interview Trump did with NBC News' Tim Russert 17 years ago, in which he defines his "New York values" as distinct from "Iowa values." Cruz said those values — pro-abortion rights, including supporting partial birth abortion and pro-gay marriage — explained Trump's world view. And he dredged up the former Democrat's donation history to some of the state's leading politicians, including Hillary Clinton.
"Given the fact that for much of his life, Donald was financially supporting those politicians — writing checks to Hillary Clinton, writing checks to Andrew Cuomo — it is a fair inference that he supports their policies," Cruz said.
The Texas senator, then asked for some differences on national security between him and Trump, offered that was unaware of what Trump's foreign policy is.
"To be honest, I don't know what Donald's position is," Cruz said.
Everyone needs to take a breath here. This is exactly what the leftists and the RINOs want guys. For you to be at each other's throats. Trump is floating Scott Brown as a VP now. Seriously? Brown is a Progressive and a stone cold stupid pick for VP. We are getting close to the Iowa caucus and I still expect Ted Cruz to win it. Trump needs to consider his attacks, words and choices out there very carefully now. Run on the issues, not each other and lay off the Twitter attacks. I'll leave you with what Mark Levin had to say – he nailed it:
Either cut the crap – your accusations this morning that Cruz is Canadian, a criminal, owned by big banks etc. – or you will lose lots and lots of conservatives. Save the liberal New York City bully tactics for the New York City liberals. Put down your computer keyboard for a few hours, think before you tweet, and collect yourself. You're not politically invincible, regardless of the polls and media. I am already hearing more and more people getting fed up with the low road you're taking against Cruz, which has obviously intensified this morning. You don't need to attack his honor or attempt to smear his reputation. You can leave that to Mitch McConnell and the New York Times. Engage on real and substantive issues that matter to the country. Like I said, my friendly advice.
Posted in Authors, Constitution, Politics, Terresa Monroe-Hamilton	| Tagged 2016 Election, Donald Trump, Mark Levin, Politics, Republicans, Ted Cruz	| 22 Comments


text:
Hot Potato: MSU Professor Develops New Varieties for Countries Far and Wide MSU Expands Mobility Research Opportunities
Ed Tech FEATURE
Throughout 2018-2019, professors at Michigan State University continued to extend their knowledge, reaching thousands through Coursera, an online database of courses and specializations taught by accredited university professors around the world.
Through Coursera, professors upload course material in the form of videos, quizzes and projects. Students sign up for the classes and receive a certification upon completion.
The course material is free through Coursera, which means anyone with access to the internet can participate and learn. However, to have the work graded and earn a certificate, there is a fee, which varies depending on the course. Scholarships are available.
Gerald Rhead
Director of Academic Entrepreneurship at MSU's HUB for Innovation in Learning and Technology
Gerald Rhead, director of MSU relations with Coursera, plans to develop MSU's role with Coursera, such as exploring avenues to offer specific tracks or credit-based courses.
"Coursera is continuing to modify and change their business model," Rhead said. "This forces us to think innovatively and differently than before."
MSU Innovation Center staff helped launch the early entrepreneur specializations to gain an understanding of how an online learning space such as Coursera affects the way professors teach both online and face to face, especially around classroom engagement and technology use.
Jen Folger, intellectual property finance coordinator for the MSU Innovation Center, became involved early on with the finances of MSU's involvement.
"What I really like about this program is it gives more people access to quality course content and MSU faculty," Folger said. "Access to education is something that is extremely important."
MSU joined Coursera in 2015 when it launched an authenticated platform. The first three specializations from MSU – entrepreneurship, photography and journalism – launched the same year.
MSU assists professors who want to get involved by providing support in the design and video production of their course. MSU also ensures courses produced from the university follow Coursera's guidelines.
Currently, there are six courses and five specializations offered by MSU. The most popular, "Photography Basics and Beyond: Smartphone to DSLR," has served nearly 18,000 students to date.
Hot Potato: MSU Professor Develops New Varieties for Countries Far and Wide


BARNEGAT – Barnegat Township Committee members passed an ordinance that will impose fines on landlords and property owners who fail to comply with the township's code for property maintenance.
According to Deputy Mayor Al Cirulli, the township has received multiple complaints about properties not being maintained.
The ordinance and its fines do not apply to mobile home communities in the township, which are privately owned.
Violators of the township code will be issued a violation notice by the township. If they fail to fix the issue on their own, the project will be taken on by the township. However, the property owner will still take on the expense, which is then determined by the township.
Costs will be determined by the Administrator and can include labor, equipment charges, fuel, or depreciation, according to the ordinance.
Lawn grass/weed cutting third offense: $500.


Jon Gruden is the current head of the Oakland Raiders and was previously head coach of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. The Buccaneers won Super Bowl XXXVII in the team's first year under Gruden's tenure, making him the youngest head coach ever to win a Super Bowl. In May 2009, Gruden was hired by ESPN to serve as a color analyst on its Monday Night Football telecasts, replacing Tony Kornheiser.
DISCLAIMER: PFP Sports Talent Agency does not claim to represent itself as the exclusive agent for Jon Gruden. PFP Sports Talent Agency is a booking agency that represents organizations seeking to hire pro athletes and sports personalities such as Jon Gruden for speaking engagements, personal appearances, product endorsements and corporate entertainment. Fees on this website are estimates and are intended only as a guideline. Exact fees are determined by a number of factors, including the location of event, the talent's schedule, requested duties and supply and demand. PFP Sports Talent Agency makes no guarantees to the accuracy of information found on this website and does not warrant that any information or representations contained on this website will be accurate or free from errors. We are often asked how can I find out who is Jon Gruden's agent? To find Jon Gruden appearance fees and booking agent details, you can contact the agent, representative or manager through PFP Sports Talent Agency for speaking fee costs and availability. PFP Sports Talent Agency can help your company choose the ideal sports personality for your next marketing campaign. To hire Jon Gruden for an appearance, speaking event or endorsement, contact Jon Gruden's booking agent for more information.


CrowdTorch is the premier ticketing and venue management platform. Our forward-thinking entertainment technology company builds progressive tools to help venues, artists and promoters better manage their operations, sell more tickets and know their customers.
Now we're backed by Cvent, one of the world's largest event management software companies and the #2 software job creator in the country, so we get the best of both worlds – the scrappiness and agility (and fun!) of a high-growth tech startup with the upward mobility, strength and stability of a publicly-traded company.
We believe in hiring based on talent not years of experience. As a Senior Front End Developer you'll work as a key member of our development team and help to deliver scalable, high-performance ticketing solutions. This is your opportunity to get in early on cutting edge technology projects within a fast-paced high-growth startup.


This charming 3 bedroom - 2 bath home is walking distance to the Blue Lake Golf & Club House. The two living areas, a large bonus room that could be used for anything you choose & large dining room, make this one story house very spacious. The spectacular Golf Course view and abundant wildlife in the area make a peaceful setting. The Master Suite has a large walk-in closet, double vanities, vaulted ceilings and an abundance of natural light.There is a 3 car garage, workshop area and plenty of storage. This place feels warm and inviting and is a great place to live.


text:
Bohumil Kubát est un lutteur tchécoslovaque né le  à Česká Třebová et mort le .

Il est médaillé de bronze en lutte gréco-romaine en catégorie des plus de 87 kg aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1960. Il termine aussi quatrième en lutte libre dans la catégorie des plus de 97 kg aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1964.

Notes et références

Liens externes
 Profil sur l'International Wrestling Database

Naissance en février 1935
Naissance en Tchécoslovaquie
Lutteur tchécoslovaque
Lutteur aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1960
Lutteur aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1964
Médaillé de bronze olympique tchécoslovaque
Décès en mai 2016
Décès dans la région d'Ústí nad Labem
Décès à 81 ans


text:
Neivamyrmex modestus är en myrart som beskrevs av Borgmeier 1933. Neivamyrmex modestus ingår i släktet Neivamyrmex och familjen myror. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Myror
modestus


text:
Report Shows Hadoop on the Rise, But Demand for Spark is Most Notable
by Ostatic Staff - Jan. 19, 2016
Cloudera's New Director Release Focuses on Simplifying Hadoop for Enterprises
Forrester Names Top Five Hadoop Distributions
Hortonworks Launches Ambitious Partner Program
Apache Apex Joins a Slew of Free Tools for Next-Gen Big Data
Syncsort, which specializes in Big Data analytics and mainframe software, has announced the results from its second annual Hadoop survey. It shows that as more organizations are moving from Hadoop experimentation to production, realizing the full potential of big data analytics, there are a few top areas they will focus on in 2016.
Notably, the survey also shows evidence of much demand for Spark in the analytics community.
Based on the survey results, Syncsort reports on three trends that it anticipates in 2016:
1. Apache Spark will move from a talking point into deployment. Nearly 70 percent of respondents are most interested in Apache Spark, surpassing interest in all other compute frameworks, including the recognized incumbent, MapReduce (55 percent). While Syncsort expects MapReduce will still be the prevalent compute framework in production, the high level of interest should translate into more Spark deployments, mostly running on Hadoop.
2. Offloading from expensive platforms into Hadoop will continue to increase in numbers and scope. 63 percent of respondents feel Hadoop will help them increase business/IT agility, 55 percent expect to increase operational efficiency and reduce costs, and over 51 percent want to leverage it to make more data available for business use across the entire organization. These findings are consistent with Syncsort customer use cases that should continue to gain steam in 2016, including Mainframe and Enterprise Data Warehouse (EDW) offload to Hadoop.
3. A growing number of companies will look to leverage Hadoop for advanced use cases. More than half of respondents see Hadoop as a way to innovate, using data from social media and IoT, and applying predictive analytics and visualization for greater insights about their business. Hadoop is yet to be leveraged for mobile apps and software, as only 4.9 percent reported utility for these use cases.
"As Hadoop adoption becomes mainstream, the number of applications in production increases and the use cases, frameworks and data sources become more varied and complex. Organizations realize significant benefits from Hadoop; however, they also cite challenges in keeping up with new tools and skills, connectivity and data movement, and unforeseen costs," said Tendü Yoğurtçu, General Manager of Syncsort's Big Data business. "A single software environment to access all enterprise data and manage the entire data pipeline will be critical for organizations to maximize the ROI on their Big Data projects, especially as the demand for real-time analytics in industries such as financial services, healthcare, telecommunications, and retail increases."
This latest survey is not the only piece of analysis pointing to huge things ahead for the open source Spark platform. Apache Spark is a data analytics cluster computing framework originally developed in the AMPLab at UC Berkeley. According to Apache, Spark can run programs up to 100 times faster than Hadoop MapReduce in memory, and ten times faster on disk. When crunching large data sets, those are big performance differences.
In OStatic's interview with Eucalyptus cloud originator Rich Wolski, he cited Spark and other technologies competitive with MapReduce as being very interesting. Databricks and Typesafe are also out with some survey results that bolster the case for Spark usage being on the rise.
The survey results indicate that 13% are already using Spark in production environments with 20% of the respondents with plans to deploy Spark in production environments, and 31% are currently in the process of evaluating it. We provided more details in this post.