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Elbert Joseph Franssen (Well, 14 juli 1873 - Roermond, 28 mei 1950) was een Nederlands componist en koorleider, voornamelijk bekend in Limburg.

Hij was zoon van smid Christiaan Franssen en Maria Gertrudis Tax. Hij huwde zelf Josephina Jacoba Gertruda Peeters. Hij werd onderscheiden met de Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice. De laatste jaren kreeg hij te kampen met een slechte gezondheid, maar bleef muziek schrijven, desnoods liggend. Zowel Well als Roermond hebben een Elbert Franssenstraat.

Zijn muzikale basisopleiding verkreeg hij van een koster uit Swolgen waarna hij verder mocht studeren bij Gregorius van Dijk, kloosterorganist bij het Karmelietenklooster in Boxmeer. Daarna volgden nog lessen bij de organist Karal Hamm en muziekleraar Willem Geyer. Hij werd vervolgens organist in Bergen en was vanaf 1 augustus 1904 koorleider (rector-chori) van de Sint-Christoffelkathedraal en late ook van de Munsterkerk. Voorts was hij muziekleraar aan het bisschoppelijk college, de kweekschool en het internaat van de Zusters Ursulinen, hij nam ook zitting in muziekjury's. Een van zijn leerlingen was Alphons van Acht, de latere dirigent van Harmonieorkest St. Michaël Thorn. Hij was met Henri Hermans tevens medeoprichter van  de RK Organisten- en Directeurenvereeniging. In 1945, aan het eind van de Tweede Wereldoorlog moest hij Roermond verlaten tijdens de evacuatie; zijn gezondheid ging in Friesland achteruit.

Van zijn hand verscheen een behoorlijk aantal kerkcomposities waaronder
opus 1: Missa S. Petri, Missa Te Deum laudamus, voor driestemmig koor en orgel
opus 10: De priester, cantate voor bariton, driestemmig mannenkoor met orgel of piano
opus 13: Missa cim Beneditione in hon. S. Joseph, voor tweestemmig koor met orgel of harmonium
opus 15: Sex Laudes Diversae, voor twee- of driestemmig koor met orgel
opus 17: Missa Sexta in hon. S. Caeciliae, voor tweestemmig koor met orgel of harmonium
opus 18: Pia Cantica, zestien gezangen voor tweestemmig koor en orgel
opus 20: Missa Octava in hon. S. Angeleae Mericiae, voor tweestemmig koor met orgel of harmonium
opus 28: Missa septima pro defunctis
opus 30: Benedicte, veertien latijnse gezangen voor tweestemmig koor met orgel
opus 55: Missa in honorem Sanctorum Innocentium, ad tres voces aequales organum comitans
opus 56: Kerstcanatet De herders van Bethlehem
Piuscantate, voor solisten, drie- of vierstemmig koor met piano of orgel
Twee gezangen, voor cantus, alt, tenor en bas
Hij kwam met zijn composities regelmatig in aanvaring met de destijds strikte regels, opgesteld door de Gregoriusvereniging. Hij was medeschrijver van Voix du Sanctuaire 45 pieces pour orgue ou harmonium.

Nederlands componist

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Education Week's blogs > Politics K-12 See our Federal Policy coverage
Betsy DeVos. Donald Trump. The Every Student Succeeds Act. Congress. State chiefs. School spending. Elections. Education Week reporters keep watch on education policy and politics in the nation's capital and in the states.
« Louisiana, New Hampshire, and Puerto Rico Apply for ESSA Innovative Testing Pilot | Main | Teachers' Union in Puerto Rico Files Lawsuit to Stop Charters and Vouchers »
Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About the Every Student Succeeds Act
By Alyson Klein on April 4, 2018 7:35 AM
Up until now, the Every Student Succeeds Act has mostly lived in federal legalese and state plans. But all that changes at the end of the school year. That's when states will start identifying their lowest performing schools, using brand new accountability systems that take into account more than just test scores.
So what will ESSA look like when it really hits the classroom level? What do you need to know about the ins and outs of state plans? Will ESSA really feel different from the No Child Left Behind Act?
If you've been looking for the answers to any of those questions, we've got just the special report for you, out today on edweek.org. And we'll be hosting an online ESSA summit on May 1, where you can ask us all your questions directly.
The report explores a bunch of the biggest changes in ESSA—and their potential impact:
School improvement: Unlike in the past, states and districts—not the federal government—will get to decide how to help those schools fix their problems, using interventions backed by evidence. But will states and districts actually take those requirements to heart, or keep doing what they've always been doing?
Moving beyond test scores: Chronic absenteeism. Access to arts classes. Discipline data. Dual enrollment. Physical education. ESSA gave states the chance to incorporate a whole new range of indicators into their accountability systems. Find out what states picked and how their choices will change accountability.
Teacher evaluations: Under the Obama administration, states had to adopt teacher evaluation through test scores to gain new flexibilities. Not any more. How has that changed the teacher quality picture?
Data transparency: In exchange for all this new flexibility in accountability, states and districts will need to provide new spending data, information about homeless and foster kids, and more. If you think that sounds easy, think again.
State conflict: ESSA is all about local and state control. But in some places, that means state and district leaders are butting heads with each other instead of the feds.
Testing: When ESSA passed, states and educators were clamoring for testing flexibility. So why isn't anyone using it?
Vulnerable students: Civil rights advocates were worried that more state and local control would mean that racial minorities, poor children, English-language learners, and students in special education wouldn't get the attention they need. Were they right to worry?
Got a question on ESSA the report doesn't answer? Email us at [email protected] and [email protected]. We'll get on it for you!
Want to learn even more about the Every Student Succeeds Act? Here's some useful information:
Check Out Our Latest Blog Posts on ESSA
Read an Overview of ESSA
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See Key Trends in States' ESSA Plans and Where They Stand
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Farewell (Sorta) to One Half of the Politics K-12 Team
Chris Minnich Stepping Down as Executive Director of CCSSO, Will Lead NWEA
Farewell, From One-Half of the Politics K-12 Team
Ed. Dept. Churn Brings New Faces to Key Initiatives
Introducing the New Half of Politics K-12
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The Hunts Post > News > Business
Car firm celebrates half a century trading in town
Published: 9:47 AM August 2, 2019 Updated: 4:35 PM November 1, 2020
Fred Caparaso and staff with a 50 year old car owned by a customer - Credit: Archant
St Ives garage Purser and Luxford has two major reasons to celebrate – 50 years of trading in the town and a new Citroen partnership.
It was more than half a century ago that the firm began repairing cars from its premises in New Street. In 1982, current owner Fred Caparaso became a partner after joining as a technician mechanic.
Fast forward to 2004 and Fred became the sole owner and, four years later, Purser and Luxford moved to its purpose-built showroom in Harding Way.
The company sells all sorts of cars, and it was more than three years ago that they began selling Citroen cars.
At the start of this year, a new Citroen partnership was begun with a car firm in Luton, which means that customers can purchase all models of Citroen cars and vans through them.
Mr Caparaso said: "It is great for our customers because it means they can take advantage of all the deals on offer to Citroen purchasers - but here on their doorstep.
"As we are registered with Citroen it also means that local buyers don't have to travel many miles to get their cars serviced or repaired."
Over the years Fred has seen many changes. He said: "Obviously technology has brought about many changes in the repair of motor vehicles, all of which we have embraced. Now we have 10 members of staff and we repair and sell all makes of cars as well as Citroen.
"As we are one of the longest running car firms in the area, many of our customers have become like family. When they walk in here they feel like they are among friends and are safe and secure in the knowledge we can be trusted to give them the best possible service for their motor vehicles, one of the biggest investments they are ever likely to make in their lives.
"Anyone, customers old and new, are welcome to pop in and find out about the latest Citroen deals our new partnership has access to. If there's any 50th birthday cake left they can also have a slice and a nice cup of Italian coffee."


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Bossanovaobit: Eydie Gorme
Eydie Gorme, who had hits both solo and with her husband Steve Lawrence, has died.
Gorme and Lawrence were part of the team when The Tonight Show made the leap from local to national schedules. After that came to and end, the pair had a relatively short-lived show of their own. Lawrence's entry into the army put an end to that; Gorme moved to the club circuit and, after he was demobbed, picked up touring with her husband.
Their partnership endured; Lawrence released this yesterday:
"Eydie has been my partner on stage and in life for more than 55 years," Lawrence said in a statement. "I fell in love with her the moment I saw her and even more the first time I heard her sing. While my personal loss is unimaginable, the world has lost one of the greatest pop vocalists of all time
This, perhaps, remains her best-known moment:
Her name? She'd originally been an Edie, but got so annoyed with people thinking she was Eddie, she adopted a more phonetic approach.
Eydie Gorme was 84.
More from No Rock on edyie gorme, obit, obituary


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ECMC's S.A.N.E. nurses treat victims of sexual trauma
by: News 4 Staff
Posted: Apr 15, 2019 / 03:32 PM EDT / Updated: Apr 15, 2019 / 03:32 PM EDT
April is Sexual Assault Awareness and Prevention Month, and we're recognizing sexual assault nurse examiners, also known as S.A.N.E. nurses.
ECMC has a team of S.A.N.E. nurses who are often the first people to treat victims of sexual trauma.
Being a S.A.N.E. nurse means these professionals have extra training, including having an eye for forensics and being supportive of assault victims.
Karen Beckman-Pilcher, a certified S.A.N.E. nurse, says hospitals have come a long way in treating victims, not only for injuries, but also helping them with the judicial process and their mental well-being.
"I have the privilege of being a nurse first, and then I have this extra education that will only enhance and help and improve the outcomes for them, so it's a privilege to be a nurse first, and it's a cherry on top to be a S.A.N.E. nurse," she said.
ECMC first started having S.A.N.E. nurses back in 2002.
2020 Dems grapple with how to pay for 'Medicare for All'
by ELANA SCHOR, Associated Press / Jul 19, 2019
WASHINGTON (AP) — Democratic presidential candidates campaigning on "Medicare for All" are wrestling with how to pay for the dramatic overhaul of the American health care system.
Bernie Sanders, the chief proponent, says "Medicare for All" could cost up to $40 trillion over a decade. He's been the most direct in discussing how he'd finance it, including higher taxes on the middle class — which he argues would ultimately cost less than the current health care system.
by News 4 Staff / Jul 19, 2019
(WIVB) -- One company wants to redesign the middle seat on airplanes.
The proposal by Molon Labe Seating calls for staggering the three economy seats, instead of having them side-by-side.


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Apple World Today > News > M. Night Shyamalan's 'Servant' returns for season three on January 21
M. Night Shyamalan's 'Servant' returns for season three on January 21
NewsTVDennis SellersOctober 29, 2021
posted on Oct. 29, 2021 at 5:54 am October 29, 2021
Apple TV+ has unveiled a first-look teaser at season three of the Apple Original series "Servant." The 10-episode third season of "Servant" will debut with the first episode on Friday, January 21, 2022, followed by one new episode weekly, every Friday.
About 'Servant'
From executive producer M. Night Shyamalan, "Servant" follows a Philadelphia couple in mourning after an unspeakable tragedy creates a rift in their marriage and opens the door for a mysterious force to enter their home.
The ensemble cast of stars returning for "Servant" season three includes Lauren Ambrose, Toby Kebbell, Nell Tiger Free and Rupert Grint, with new addition Sunita Mani ("Spirited," "Mr. Robot," "GLOW").
In addition to Shyamalan, the series is executive produced by Jason Blumenthal, Todd Black, Steve Tisch, Ashwin Rajan and Taylor Latham. Directors for this season are M. Night Shyamalan, Ishana Night Shyamalan, Carlo Mirabella-Davis, Dylan Holmes, Celine Held & Logan George, Kitty Green, and Veronika Franz & Severin Fiala; and writers are Ryan Scott, Ishana Night Shyamalan, Alyssa Clark, Laura Marks, Henry Chaisson, Amy Louise Johnson and Kara Lee Corthon. "Servant" is a Blinding Edge and Escape Artists production. The series was created by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts nominated executive producer and writer Tony Basgallop.
About Apple TV+
Apple TV+ is available on the Apple TV app in over 100 countries and regions, on over 1 billion screens, including iPhone, iPad, Apple TV, Mac, popular smart TVs from Samsung, LG, Sony, VIZIO, TCL and others, Roku and Amazon Fire TV devices, Chromecast with Google TV, PlayStation and Xbox gaming consoles, and at tv.apple.com, for $4.99 per month with a seven-day free trial. For a limited time, customers who purchase and activate a new iPhone, iPad, Apple TV, Mac or iPod touch can enjoy three months of Apple TV+ for free.*
For more information, visit apple.com/tvpr and see the full list of supported devices.
Apple's iPhone in second place when it comes to global smartphone share
How to switch between apps in Slide Over in iPadOS 15


New to Oakland? Here Are a Few of Our Favorite Spots!
Are you new to Oakland? Let us be the first to say, "Welcome!" We know it can be overwhelming when you move to a new city: choosing a new dentist, finding your go-to grocery store, even deciding which dry cleaners to use – the decisions might seem endless!
As long-time residents of the Bay Area, we're proud to call it home – and we're confident you're going to feel right at home here too! Here are a few of our team's favorite local services, restaurants, and activities.
A lovely and cozy North Oakland restaurant with the perfect ambiance. Call ahead for reservations! Don't worry, it will be worth it!
Situated right on Broadway in Uptown Oakland, this hip Mexican restaurant and Agave bar is a perfect place to grab a bite, sit and chat with friends or enjoy an evening drink.
This delicatessen located in the Temescal District is an institution! Their sandwiches make you want more sandwiches (we're not kidding!), the service is top notch and you will not be sorry you ate more sandwiches. EVER.
As you may come to realize, Bay Area folks are pretty proud of how devoutly we support our local businesses. Here are a few places you may enjoy as much as we do!
Come in, relax, unwind and bring your body into peace right in the heart of the Montclair Village.
Not only do we as a dental practice promote dental health, but we support total body wellness. The Daily Method, located on Piedmont Avenue, is another way we keep ourselves well.
New to Oakland and need a cobbler? No problem! At Ike's you are guaranteed to have your shoes taken care of and returned to you better than new. Located in the splendid Lake Shore Avenue area of Oakland.
A fun way to spend the day with the kids! A few rides, shows and tons of activities. Afterward you can take a walk around Lake Merrit!
This zoo has much to offer, and is located in the hills of Oakland. There are even a few small rides here as well.
Whether you have kids that need fresh air or a dog you want to take for a walk or run, any of the East Bay parks will satisfy. There are easy – hard trails, bike routes, horse trails, water areas… the list goes on and on!
We sincerely hope you'll check some of these hot spots out! Being new to Oakland doesn't have to be hard! If you're choosing a new dentist as well, see what our dental patients have to say about our practice: Montclair Smile Design Reviews.


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Brexit VICTORY! Nissan's £13.2bn move and burning of EU red tape boosts UK by billions
BREXIT BRITAIN has scored a huge win after Nissan announced its Sunderland plant will be at the centre of a £13.2billion investment, while the UK's burning of red tape has injected a boost worth hundreds of billions of pounds.
By Paul Withers
00:00, Tue, Nov 30, 2021 | UPDATED: 07:48, Tue, Nov 30, 2021
Brexit: Matt Vickers says UK 'getting on with it'
The motoring giant revealed the manufacturing hub in the north east will be used to develop 23 electric cars by 2030. Within that period, the firm wants electric models to account for half of its global output. During a news conference in Japan, the car manufacturer said it will spend the huge sum on electric vehicles over the next five years. This will see the firm double its spend compared to the previous decade as it looks to ramp up its share of the EV market in the face of fierce competition from the likes of Toyota and Tesla.
EU banks demand access to UK markets
Brexit success: Beaune trashing of UK 'failures' torn apart
The massive plant in Sunderland is Britain's biggest car factory, employing some 6,000 people.
Nissan chief operating officer Ashwani Gupta highlighted the importance of the Sunderland plant for the firm's wide-ranging plans over the coming years.
He told PA Media: "Europe will take the lead on electrification around the world for Nissan.
"In Europe, Sunderland is the one which will take the lead towards electrification."
Brexit news: The UK has received a huge double boost (Image: GETTY)
Brexit news: The Sunderland plant is Britain's biggest car factory, employing some 6,000 people (Image: GETTY)
This is the second major boost for the huge Sunderland factory following the announcement earlier this year Nissan would be investing £1billion in a battery plant, as well as updates to the North East hub, to to produce new electric models.
At the time, Prime Minister Boris Johnson said it was a vote of confidence in Britain, hailing the move as a "pivotal moment" in the UK's "electric vehicle revolution"
Mr Gupta added: "Sunderland is the leader, in collaboration with the government, suppliers, dealers and most importantly, our employees."
Nile Gardiner, a foreign policy analyst and former aide to Margaret Thatcher, also tweeted: "A huge vote of confidence in Brexit Britain from Japan."
READ MORE: Brexit LIVE: EU deal about to be CRUSHED? Judgement day in court
Brexit news: The Nissan announcement has been hailed as a huge win for the UK (Image: GETTY)
Dermanin caves as he admits Brexit Britain appeal higher than EU's
'Game-changing' discovery could improve insulation by 30%
This latest huge boost for Brexit Britain comes with renewed hopes of a booming economy raised significantly by the tearing up of hundreds of trade barriers around the world.
The latest figures from the Department for International Trade revealed 217 trade barriers were removed during 2020-21 - up by almost a fifth on the previous 12-month period.
These latest barriers were removed across 74 different countries, once again perfectly highlighting Brexit Britain's ever-growing trade potential.
Mr Gardiner also hailed this news, and tweeted: "Brexit Britain will be a world leader in free trade."
Brexit deal savaged by EU – No 'provisions on asylum and return' [REPORT]
Commission to fix UK-EU relationship 'makes mockery of independence' [COMMENTS]
Brexit fishing war brink: Beaune sets brutal deadline as French fume [LATEST]
Brexit news: Ashwani Gupta highlighted the importance of the Sunderland plant (Image: GETTY)
������������������ Global Britain has set sail for the world!
������������ We have cut through a record 217 trade barriers this year in 74 nations – an increase of 20% on last year – helping our great British businesses export to dynamic economies far beyond our shores.
#GlobalTrade #GlobalBritain pic.twitter.com/VY23tNbuyX
— Ranil Jayawardena MP (@ranil) November 26, 2021
Tory MP Marco Longhi also tweeted: "By boosting trade around the world, Boris Johnson and the Conservatives are backing British business to create jobs here at home."
International Trade Minister Ranil Jayawardena highlighted in the same period, trade deals have been agreed with 70 countries, as well as the EU.
These are worth a combined £766billion – a major boost to Britain's economy less than a year after formally completing its departure from the bloc.
He tweeted: "Global Britain has set sail for the world!
Brexit news: The European trade landscape after Brexit (Image: EXPRESS)
"We have cut through a record 217 trade barriers this year in 74 nations – an increase of 20 percent on last year – helping our great British businesses export to dynamic economies far beyond our shores."
In an article for The Daily Telegraph, Mr Jayawardena also wrote: We must never forget just how much the UK has to offer as the world's second largest services exporter and fifth largest economy.
"We have agreed trade deals with 70 countries — plus the EU — worth £766 billion.
"No other nation has secured so many trade deals with so many of its counterparts in such a short space of time. And this is just the beginning.
"We are making headway in dynamic economies around the world, and we have shaken hands on agreements with our good friends in Australia and New Zealand.
"This paves the way for our accession to the Trans-Pacific Partnership (sometimes called CPTPP), a truly enormous free trade area with a combined GDP well in excess of £8trillion last year.
"This Indo-Pacific tilt will hitch us to a fast-growing, dynamic region that we could do so much more with."
Emmanuel Macron has a 'peculiar resentment' towards UK
Verhofstadt rants about Brexit 'red tape' over British honey
Fears constant rows with EU neighbours will be 'debilitating'
Brexit News European Union
Craig Tiley booed as Dan Evans reaches third round - Aus Open overnight round-up
Huge breakthrough in US-UK trade talks after Truss' masterclass with EU
Labour civil war as 'sphinx-like' Rayner clashes with Starmer over Wakeford defection
'Surprised that's the case' Moment Wakeford's Tory 'friend' hears news of Labour defection
Ian Blackford explodes as Boris Johnson laughs at him during SNP chief's PMQs rant 'GO!'
Tory backbenchers to 'think carefully' about plot as new poll shows voters WANT Boris
What happens when an MP defects?
'Don't tell me how to conduct my business!' Hoyle rages at MPs 'did you say apologise!?'
'Worse and worse' Boris facing point of no return - PM 'least favourable' MP in new data


The folks at MarketWatch.com just got finished taking the 2008 Saturn Astra for a spin, calling it "one of the best gas sippers" they've driven. Check out their review.
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Riders in Los Angeles, Orange County, and the rest of the Inland Empire in need of a bike that will go the distance in style and comfort should look no further than Riverside Harley-Davidson® and their range of Touring models. These motorcycles cater to the part of you that wants to truly embrace the freedom of the open road, with plenty of cruising power, cargo-carrying potential, and convenience features to let you enjoy every mile. The new models all come with the high-tech Milwaukee-EightTM v-twin engines that deliver more power and a better ride quality, so they're better than ever!
Few motorcycles live up to their name quite as well as the Harley-Davidson® Touring Road King®. Kitted out with all that you need to conquer mile upon mile of riding, this legendary tourer is dedicated to distance.
An air-adjustable suspension allows you to customize your ride for heavy or lighter loads, full-length footboards accommodate multiple riding positions, ergonomically designed hand controls keep you comfortable, and standard cruise control encourages you to sit back and enjoy the road.
The Street Glide® employs distinctive styling and numerous long-distance features, so it should come as no surprise to Los Angeles and Orange County riders that this is the top motorcycle in the sport.
The new model has been given a more powerful engine to enhance performance even further, while a Jukebox system accommodates media devices from a USB connection to play your music through 5.25-inch speakers.
Lighter than other long-distance Touring models but still boasting cutting-edge technology, the Road Glide® is smooth and clean, with exceptional aerodynamics. This model benefits from handlebars resting closer to the rider as well as improved lighting.
In addition to the enormous power provided by the standard Street Glide®, this model incorporates a Boom!TM Box 6.5GT radio with voice recognition and Bluetooth, as well as a 6.5-inch full-color touchscreen display. You'll also receive an upgrade to hydraulic adjustable suspension. The Street Glide® Special is a rolling testament to modern technology.
The Road Glide® Special takes the technology and engineering of the standard model and upgrades both. In addition to a 6.5 GT audio system for incredible on-road entertainment, you'll enjoy the unrivalled comfort provided by CVOTM-style air ride rear suspension.
When Los Angeles and Orange County riders need a model that can take them and a passenger on cross-country trips without sacrificing one iota of comfort, we always point them towards the Electra Glide® Ultra Classic®.
With a spacious Tour-Pak luggage carrier and seating designed to provide an exceptional level of comfort and space for both rider and passenger, this model is an ideal Touring machine.
One step up from Special is Ultra. This bike upgrades essentially everything about the Road Glide® platform. It comes standard with Project Rushmore infotainment system, with smartphone integration, streaming audio, Bluetooth connectivity, navigation, plus a more aerodynamic fairing, and more.
With the same sumptuous design and enormous capacity as the Electra Glide® models, the Ultra Limited includes more high-end technology. You'll enjoy a 6.5-inch touchscreen, as well as voice control and premium radio.
Engineered with sleek, clean lines, the Ultra Limited Low looks far more graceful than its large capacity would suggest. It doesn't feel as ponderous either—a low center of gravity means that stopping is easier and low-speed handling is more responsive.


Sealey MC680A Motorcycle Lift 680kg Capacity Heavy-Duty Air/Hydraulic | PHDsmart Ltd.
View cart "CLT Headlight Restoration Kit, Headlight Lens Cleaning Wipes" has been added to your cart.
Combined air and foot pump separate from main lift for choice of operation.
Ramp and platform made with chequer plate surface to ease loading and positioning of motorcycle.
– Combined air and foot pump separate from main lift for choice of operation.
– Ramp and platform made with chequer plate surface to ease loading and positioning of motorcycle.
– Supplied with motorcycle front wheel locking attachment, securing vehicle to provide easy maintenance access.
– Fitted with safety lock to prevent accidental lowering.
– Suitable for use with centre stand motorcycles or with paddock stand.
Supplied with motorcycle front wheel locking attachment, securing vehicle to provide easy maintenance access.
Fitted with safety lock to prevent accidental lowering.


enhanced focus on building skills and capability in STEM and digital literacy, in Australian schools and communities.
Sponsorship Grants for Student Science Engagement and International Competitions.
National Science Week Grants to support the delivery of science engagement activities during National Science Week.
Prime Minister's Prizes for Science, Australia's pre-eminent annual awards for outstanding achievement in science and science teaching.
Maker Projects Stream A assists with the establishment of maker spaces in schools where students can apply their STEM knowledge, develop entrepreneurial skills, and gain experience in working with emerging and advancing technologies.
Maker Projects Stream B helps organisations to hold STEM-related events and education activities. These events are delivered in partnership with industry and aimed at youth under 18 years of age.
Citizen Science Grants which provide competitive grants for nationally significant citizen science projects.
Sponsorship Grants for Student Science Engagement and International Competitions which assist Australian students under the age of 18 to participate in a range of science engagement activities and events including participation in international competitions.


Searching for "Jing Feng Art Enterprises Pte Ltd" job or career in Singapore? Welcome to CareerDP, your all in one easy to use job site that can assist you to any job search. We wish you a good luck and have a prosperous career.
Data as of 2019-04-02 (Latest) with id 268057.
If you are switching jobs: "I'm leaving behind the company" is a phrase that requires lots of courage. When pronounced at the wrong time or in the wrong manner, it can employ a negative impact on your career. You can find a working job offer you with another firm where the pay out is higher, but you remain uncertain if that work environment will be better then the current one. After all, it is not all about the money. Imagine if you later change your brain? After all, this is simply not an easy decision. Of course your boss can forgive you and hire you back, nonetheless it isn't guaranteed.


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Q: How can I save dataset to the correct HDF5 group? I am running a script that iterates through a folder and creates a set of groups to replicate the directory in a HDF5 file. I am then going through the files and adding the data from the files to HDF5 datasets. However, I am looking to save the datasets into the correct groups but unsure how?
#Development Script Save files in groups
#Create HDF5 File name
TestFilename = 'N:/TestingPyhonHDF5/progress/automation/GroupTesting.h5'
#Set target directory to extract data
TargetFolder = 'N:\Measurements\T2+\Rx-BB001'
# giving file extensions
bin = ('.bin')
csv = ('.CSV')
tmp = ('.tmp')
head = ('.head')
ext = ('.bin', '.head', '.tmp', '.CSV')

# Create HDF5 Strucutre
with h5py.File(TestFilename,'w') as tf:
    for root, dirs, _ in os.walk(TargetFolder, topdown=True):
        #print(f'ROOT: {root}')
        # for Windows, modify root: remove drive letter and replace backslashes:
        grp_name = root[2:].replace( '\\', '/')
        #print(f'grp_name: {grp_name}\n')
        tf.create_group(grp_name)

#Open HDF5 file
with h5py.File(TestFilename,'a') as tfile:
#Iterate files to send to HDF5 file
    for path, dirc, files in os.walk(TargetFolder):
        for file in files:
            if file.endswith(bin):
                # Create a dtype with the binary data format and the desired column names
                filePath = os.path.join(path, file)
                dt = np.dtype('B')
                data = np.fromfile(filePath, dtype=dt)
                df = pd.DataFrame(data)

                #Save as csv
                savetxt('TempData.csv', df, delimiter=',')

                #Read bin to HDF5
                dfBIN = pd.read_csv('TempData.csv')
                tfile.create_dataset(grp_name/file, data=dfBIN) #put data in hdf file
                #add attrs
                os.remove("TempData.csv")
            else:
                continue

Currently the code shows error
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In [51], line 39
     37 #Read bin to HDF5
     38 dfBIN = pd.read_csv('TempData.csv')
---> 39 tfile.create_dataset(grp_name/file, data=dfBIN) #put data in hdf file
     40 #add attrs
     41 os.remove("TempData.csv")

TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for /: 'str' and 'str'

A: / only works to join pathlib.Path objects and you have strings.
Just do
f"{grp_name}/{file}"

or
posixpath.join(grp_name, file)

(posixpath to ensure forward slashes no matter which platform you're on)
You will also naturally need to do the same grp_name determination in the second loop:
grp_name = path[2:].replace('\\', '/')

Otherwise you're using the last value of grp_name from the earlier loop.
All in all, you may just want to go for a single loop. Since I don't know if h5py ignores attempting to (re)create a group that already exists, I added a set that keeps track of paths already created. Also, the intermediate CSV file seemed quite extraneous.
import os
import posixpath
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

import h5py

TestFilename = "N:/TestingPyhonHDF5/progress/automation/GroupTesting.h5"
TargetFolder = "N:\Measurements\T2+\Rx-BB001"

groups_created = set()

with h5py.File(TestFilename, "a") as tfile:
    for path, dirc, files in os.walk(TargetFolder):
        for file in files:
            if file.endswith(".bin"):
                grp_name = path[2:].replace("\\", "/")
                if grp_name not in groups_created:
                    tfile.create_group(grp_name)
                    groups_created.add(grp_name)
                # Create a dtype with the binary data format and the desired column names
                filePath = os.path.join(path, file)
                dt = np.dtype("B")
                data = np.fromfile(filePath, dtype=dt)
                df = pd.DataFrame(data)
                tfile.create_dataset(posixpath.join(grp_name, file), data=df)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Forestry on parade as career for Military leavers
by Amy Fitz-Hugh | Jun 20, 2019 | Featured Slider, Latest, News, Plants
An intensive eight-week course developed as part of an innovative partnership between the Forestry Commission, Plumpton College in Sussex and the Royal Forestry Society (RFS) has been given official approval for those transitioning out of the military.
The course, leading to the RFS Cert Arb/Forestry, is the first land-based skills course to have been approved by the Career Transition Partnership (CTP) – the MoD official provider of resettlement support for all the Armed Forces. It aims to raise awareness of the forestry industry within the military and the valuable transferable skills that ex-service people have that would suit the sector.
The first courses begin in September when they will be open both to those who are leaving the military and to civilians.
Simon Lloyd, Chief Executive, Royal Forestry Society, says:
"Forestry is a dynamic and growing sector which needs to attract new talent to continue to thrive. We are proud to be a partner in what is the first land-based training programme to be offered through Careers Transition Partnership (CPT) to personnel whose Terms of Service in the Forces are coming to an end.
"There are many transferable skills those with a Forces background can bring to forestry. The RFS Level 2 Certificates are recognised as the 'gold standard' for demonstrating both practical and theoretical competence and will provide a springboard for those leaving the Forces to go on to have a rewarding career in the forestry and countryside sectors."
Details for military personnel can be found at on the CTP web site here. Details of the course for civilians also available here.
The course theory and practical elements have been developed by the partnership with employability in mind. The course includes theory units such as tree ID, introduction to diseases and tree biology. As well as training in competency tickets such as chainsaw maintenance and cross cutting, tree felling and the use of woodchippers. At the end of the course students will be equipped with the basic knowledge and certificates of competence to find employment and progress within the industry.


text:
Q: Troubleshooting up/down key behavior in command prompt / PowerShell UPDATE: A friend was able to replicate the issue, so it seems it may not be just my machine. Haven't figured out what is in common between the machines that don't work yet.

I'm running into a strange issue with command prompt, which also replicates in PowerShell.
The issue occurs when running the node.js tutorials that can be found at http://nodeschool.io, which when run create a menu system that should be navigable by the up/down arrow keys. On another machine (Surface Pro running Windows 10 latest tech preview) this works normally, so I know the software side of the tutorial is fine.
On my main laptop, running Windows 10 Pro, the up/down arrow keys do not move the selection within the menu, though the Enter key does activate the currently selected item.
If I am at the command prompt (rather than in a menu), the up/down arrow keys do navigate through the command history, so it doesn't look like the keys themselves are broken.
An additional wrinkle is that when I tested in a Windows 8.1 Hyper-V VM on the same machine, I saw the same behavior...no navigation in the tutorial menu in a command prompt window.
I also tested the same tutorial from a PowerShell window, to see if perhaps it was an issue with the native Windows command prompt, and the same behavior occurs.
I've been using Windows since the 3.x days, and cannot recall running into something like this, and haven't been able to find anything with a bingle search that seems even remotely connected.
Has anyone run into something similar, or can you offer suggestions of where to start with troubleshooting beyond what I've already tried?

A: This turns out to have been an issue in the underlying library used by the tutorials for generating the menu, when running with the newer 4.x version of node.js. The issue is under investigation and being tracked at:
https://github.com/nodeschool/discussions/issues/1448
The missing piece in my troubleshooting, for folks who run into anything similar, is that I had not accounted for the change in the node version number, which went quite suddenly from v0.12.7 to a v4.x.x series. On reflection, it's hardly surprising that this broke some things.
So another reminder to never make assumptions, and always determine all of the differences between where it works and where it doesn't.


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Q: NN: Can I split the training set into 2 halves, and train on each half during separate epochs? When training a neural network, do I get the same results in both the following cases?

*

*Training on half the training data for 1 epoch, then on the other half for another epoch.

*Training on the entire training data for 1 epoch.

I am training a model on variable-length sequential data. The model is already well-tuned. I would like to divide the data in subsets of different sizes to optimize the training speed (i.e.: spend less time training on padding data). If the 2 cases above are equivalent the solution is straightforward.
I can share information about the particular model, but think it should be possible to give a theoretical answer which generalizes to any model.

A: I think you are confusing "epochs" and "mini-batches", so I will start by clarifying these terms:
Mini-batch is a batch of data that is passed together through the network at each step of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD). Data in a mini-batch need to be aligned, i.e. padded to the same length. The training set is usually divided into many mini-batches.
Epoch is a period of training during which every training sample is used once. That means we used all the mini-batches that we divided the training set into. Usually, at the beginning of each epoch the mini-batches are reshuffled.
If I understand your question correctly, you are asking if it is the same to split the dataset into two halves and then first evaluate mini-batches from the first half and then mini-batches from the other half1 as if you trained on the mini-batches from both halves simultaneously. This is obviously exactly same only if the mini-batches and their order is the same. If the mini-batches are interleaved between the two halves, the result will not be exactly the same (but may be qualitatively same, e.g. reaching the same generalization error in the end)
However, note that this is not necessary for the padding purposes; there you only need to make sure that you group long sequences together within mini-batches. This is common approach.
1 Note that generally these two parts together form one epoch.


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HomeLifestyleEating OutNew look for Harbour Inn's 15th anniversary celebration
New look for Harbour Inn's 15th anniversary celebration
15th March 2019 Francesca Evans
SITTING on the veranda as the sun goes down, sipping a chilled Chablis with the sea lapping over the sandy beach just a few steps away, you could be in any trendy bar in some exotic holiday location.
But this is the Harbour Inn in Lyme Regis – trendy in its own right with a plethora of new eating out venues opening in recent times – where owners Sue Steward and Mark Oldfield are preparing to celebrate their 15th year in the resort and whose reputation has done much to establish Lyme as a must-go-to food destination.
Before flying off for a two-week break in Sri Lanka, ahead of another hectic summer season, Sue and her staff have been giving Lyme's most popular seafront restaurant and bar a refreshed look.
Adding a very special touch, the bar and restaurant walls are adorned with an array of spectacular works by Sue's artist daughter, Julie Oldfield, currently displaying her unique paintings on metal at the The Malthouse Gallery at the Town Mill until April 3.
Before acquiring The Harbour, after moving to the West Country from Derbyshire in the 1990s, Sue bought the Honiton Wine Bar, which was run by son Mark, as well as taking over the Awliscombe Inn.
The Harbour was a pretty tired seaside pub when they took it over in 2004 and, over the years, they have extended the premises, adding a restaurant, maximising the attractive veranda and securing a sitting out area on the beach which is literally just a few steps from the bar.
Sue and Mark soon recognised that their position so close to the sea was their greatest asset and set about building their restaurant trade, gaining a reputation over the years for good quality cuisine at reasonable prices, using local ingredients, especially fresh fish right off the harbour trawlers.
That reputation is still as strong today despite the increase in competition from new food outlets in Lyme in recent years.
For many, The Harbour is still the favoured location for celebrating big occasions and events and some of their dishes, especially Sue's very own fish pie, have near iconic status.
Separate lunchtime and evening a la carte menus are available with chief chef Daryl Moss and his kitchen staff – Andy Bensen, Ben Jones and Cameron Moss – preparing daily specials using local produce where possible.
Occasional music nights at The Harbour are always popular with its close proximity to the beach and the bar is a regular haunt for the seafaring fraternity, including the unofficial watering hole for Lyme Regis Gig Club.
Special menus are also prepared for specific events such as Valentine's Day and Burns' Night but Sue and her staff consider those who just want to take in the seaside atmosphere and enjoy a drink on the veranda, or in the sitting out area, just as important as those enjoying their meals in the restaurant.
Sue said: "We have a loyal clientele but we are conscious that there is increasing competition in the hospitality trade in Lyme Regis and to celebrate our 15th year in the town we have redecorated the bar and restaurant and will be launching a new menu as Easter and the summer approaches.
"We are really grateful for the support we have received from the people of Lyme and we look forward to serving them and our visitors for many years to come."
Sue also paid tribute to her staff, around 36 of whom are employed during the season, and also the creativity and skill of her chefs.
The Harbour Inn is open seven days a week 10.30am until late with food being served 12noon to 2.30pm and 6pm to 9pm. It is always advisable to book, especially for bigger parties, by calling 01297 442299.
Win a family ticket to Melplash Show!
5th August 2019 Francesca Evans
FOR 172 years the Melplash Show in West Bay, Bridport, has been celebrating the best of agriculture by the sea. […]
Vegan supper raises £1,200 for reforestation charity
3rd January 2020 Francesca Evans
LYME Regis pub and restaurant the Pilot Boat recently hosted a delicious three-course vegan supper to raise funds for local environmental charity, The Word Forest Organisation. […]
Pilot Boat helps fight climate change with vegan supper fundraiser
31st October 2019 Francesca Evans
LYME Regis pub and restaurant The Pilot Boat will host a three-course vegan supper on Sunday, December 1 to raise funds for local charity, The Word Forest Organisation. […]


text:
Tetris Ultimate (Xbox One)
SoMa Play
Our Review: 6/10
Puzzle, Relaxation
16th Dec 2014 (USA)
Review Tetris Ultimate
Block-dropping beats
When it comes to rebooting games, building a new version of Tetris has to be the easiest thing that can be done. After all, as long as you at least have the basic tetromino-dropping and line-clearing endless gameplay mode that set the world on fire back in the 80s, you'll have a bunch of satisfied customers who just want to play...
Thu 1st Jan 2015
Tetris Ultimate
The world's most-loved puzzle game arrives on next-gen consoles, and is better than ever in Tetris Ultimate. With six exciting modes, fun new features, and unique visuals, the evolution of this iconic game is the ultimate must-have on next-gen consoles. Experience the Best of Tetris In this fast-paced game of skills, you can take on the puzzle game solo, battle a friend, partner up with friends, or make battle teams. Up to four players can get in on the action.
Marathon – Get to level 15 and rack up as many points as you can.
Endless – Go as high as level 30 and keep clearing lines as long as possible.
Ultra – Get your highest score before time runs out in this three-minute challenge.
Sprint – Clear 40 lines as quickly as you can.
Battle – Go head-to-head to knock out your opponents.
Battle Ultimate – Be the last person playing after using crazy power-ups! Go on the offensive with Carousel and make your opponent's Well shift to the left after each move, or trigger Let it Rain and dump blocks down on top of them. Buzz Saw helps you out by clearing away a number of your lines – especially useful when you're in a spot of trouble.
Stay Connected With Friends
Social Feeds keep you up to date with in-game events and allows you to track your friends' scores. Tetris Ultimate captures and saves your play style, allowing you to always be able to play with or against your friends, even when they are offline. If your scores get beat, view your friends' strategies via their in-game replays, then challenge and beat them!
Celebrate Wins and Compete Leaderboards make it easy to post your scores and see how you measure up against your friends. Challenge yourself and stack your skills and scores against other great players around the globe. An official Tetris Rank in the shape of Tetriminos has been implemented to classify and identify the top players.
Play by Championship Rules for an even greater feat to see where you place among the most elite players. Are you one of the best in the world?


The Nina Ricci ambassador, model and actress Laetitia Casta will arrive in Moscow for the opening of the temporary corner of the stamp in TSUM. The event is timed to the 85th anniversary of the fashion house. In 2017, Laetitia Casta became the muse and face of the new Rose Extase fragrance with light floral notes.
The opening of the Nina Ricci space will take place on November 16. French actress will represent the collection collection Cristal, which includes five fragrances - all of them on the market for more than 70 years. The first perfume from this series appeared already in 1946. The son of the founder of the brand Lalique, Mark Lalique, was engaged in his design. Since then, the collection of fragrances Collection Cristal is invariably produced in the crystal bottles of Lalique.
In addition, in the new corner will be sold collectible fragrances L'Air du Temps Collection Lumière, which can not be found anywhere else in Moscow. It was the fragrance "The Spirit of Time" (L'Air du Temps), which came out in 1948, brought fame to the perfume house Nina Ricci. For these flavors, the bottles were no longer made by Lalique, but by the oldest atelier of the plume in France - the house of Lemarié. The handmade vials are decorated with feathers and kissing doves.
Another important event in the framework of celebrating the 85th anniversary of the fashion house will be the opening of the exhibition "Nina Ricci. In a dream and in reality "in the State Gallery on Solyanka.


Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who were taking a proton-pump inhibitor and/or a histamine receptor-2 antagonist to alleviate acid reflux had longer overall survival compared with patients who did not take either, according to a retrospective cohort study published in Cancer Prevention Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.
"Proton-pump inhibitors and histamine receptor-2 antagonists are commonly and regularly administered to HNSCC patients at the University of Michigan as part of their cancer treatment to manage acid reflux and complications from conventional therapies," said Silvana M. Papagerakis, MD, PhD, a research assistant professor in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. "While we had suspicions that these medications might have favorable secondary effects, our study suggests that they improve overall survival after treatment for HNSCC. However, validation of these results in randomized, prospective trials is needed before we can recommend that all patients with HNSCC be treated with acid reflux medication."
Analysis of overall survival after a median follow-up of 55 months that took into account other variables that can affect survival (including age, smoking history, andtreatment) showed that patients with HNSCC taking a proton-pump inhibitor had a 45 percent decreased risk of death compared with those not taking a proton-pump inhibitor. Among those taking a histamine receptor-2 antagonist, risk of death at this time was decreased by 33 percent, compared with those not taking these acid reflux medicines.
"Although we saw differences in the degree to which overall survival was improved by proton-pump inhibitors and histamine receptor-2 antagonists, patients should not change their medications without consulting a physician," said Papagerakis. "Moreover, histamine receptor-2 antagonists improved overall survival for patients with oral cavity cancer more than proton-pump inhibitors did."
Papagerakis and colleagues retrospectively analyzed data from 596 patients diagnosed with HNSCC at the University of Michigan from January 2003 to November 2007. All patients had received no prior treatment for HNSCC. Among the patients, 191 used only proton-pump inhibitors after diagnosis, 83 used only histamine receptor-2 antagonists, and 136 used both at some point after diagnosis.
Although the association between treatment with histamine receptor-2 antagonists and overall survival was statistically significant when all types of histamine receptor-2 antagonist were considered together (p=0.0479), the association was lost when each histamine receptor-2 antagonist was considered individually. For the proton-pump inhibitors, a statistically significant association with overall survival was seen for omeprazole and esomeprazole (p=0.0008 and p=0.001, respectively), a trend was seen for lansoprazole (p=0.06), and no association was seen for pantoprazole (p=0.67).
"We think that the different types of proton-pump inhibitors and histamine receptor-2 antagonists may affect survival of HNSCC patients through different mechanisms," said Papagerakis. "We are currently investigating this, and need to understand this if we are to design the optimal prospective clinical trials."
The study was supported by funds from the National Cancer Institute/National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, the American Cancer Society, and the Undergraduate Research Opportunity Program at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Papagerakis declares no conflicts of interest.
American Association for Cancer Research. "Acid reflux medicines improve survival for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma." Medical News Today. MediLexicon, Intl., 3 Dec. 2014. Web.


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GST compensation cess
Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on Wednesday stated that the GST Council had already extended the "compensation cess" till March 2026 for helping States repay loans borrowed to make up for shortfall in GST compensation for 2020 and 2021.
She made this statement at a press conference in Bengaluru while responding to the demand that the GST compensation by the Centre that ends in June this year should be extended.
The adoption of GST was made possible by States ceding almost all their powers to impose local-level indirect taxes and agreeing to let the prevailing multiplicity of imposts be subsumed into the GST.
This was agreed on the condition that revenue shortfalls arising from the transition to the new indirect taxes regime would be made good from a pooled GST Compensation Fund for a period of five years that is set to end in June 2022.
Citing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the overall economy and more specifically States' revenues, the States including Tamil Nadu, Kerala, West Bengal, Rajasthan and Chhattisgarh stressed that while their revenues had been adversely impacted by the introduction of GST, the hit from the pandemic had pushed back any possible rebound in revenue especially at a time when they had been forced to spend substantially more to address the public health emergency and its socio-economic fallout on their residents.
What is the compensation fund?
This corpus is funded through a compensation cess that is levied on so-called 'demerit' goods.
The items are pan masala, cigarettes and tobacco products, aerated water, caffeinated beverages, coal and certain passenger motor vehicles.
The computation of the shortfall is done annually by projecting a revenue assumption based on 14% compounded growth from the base year's (2015-2016) revenue and calculating the difference between that figure and the actual GST collections in that year.
How is the deadline extended?
The deadline for GST compensation was set in the original legislation and so in order to extend it, the GST council must first recommend it and the Union government must then move an amendment to the GST law allowing for a new date beyond the June 2022 deadline at which the GST compensation scheme will come to a close.
The GST Council has already extended the "compensation cess" up to March 2026 for paying the loan which was taken for all the States in 2020 for the compensation that could not be paid (by the Centre) that year and partially paid in 2021.
Post Tags Post TagsIndian Economy GS-III


By connecting flights through Athens International airport "Eleftherios Venizelos", but also from Thessaloniki International Airport "Macedonia" with several flights daily, especially during the summer period.
Samos has three ports, the main port of Karlovassi, the port of Vathi town and the port of Pythagorion. Another way to reach the island of Samos is through ferry boats with frequent daily connections between Samos and Athens in the port of Piraeus, especially during the summer season. Ferries are also available from most of the North Aegean islands and the Dodecanese, Alexandroupolis, Thessaloniki, as well as from the ports of Turkey, Kusadasi and Izmir.


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Omnis comparatio claudicat è un motto latino dal significato letterale di: «Tutti gli esempi zoppicano».

Spesso usato da avvocati o giuristi in forma di brocardo, sottolinea come l'illustrazione di un ragionamento tramite un esempio non risulta essere abbastanza convincente e completa.

Frasi latine


CLEAN CAR FAX! 1-OWNER! 0-ACCIDENTS! We have a super sharp 2012 Chevrolet Cruze LTZ with alloy wheels ready for its new home. 107K Miles with a 2 Mo. 2,000 mile warranty included with purchase. Our Cruze has a beautiful white exterior, with an all tan leather interior, with options including auto lights, fog lights, cruise control, steering wheel mounted controls, key-less entry, with remote start, On-Star & BT hands free calling, auto climate control, with heated seats, power windows, locks, mirrors, and seats. This is a great gas saver that has plenty to offer, So give one of our sales professionals a call today for more info and to learn more about our financing options. We know there are many different credit situations that arise and we have plenty of banks that are offering to help you with your finance options so you can drive away today. Better hurry!! This one won't last long. We have been Proudly serving Central Ky. for over 17 years and have over 350 Vehicles in inventory. So come and join our family!
Call us at 859-594-7559 today to schedule your test drive.
Message: Thought you might be interested in this 2012 Chevrolet Cruze.
PRE-OWNED *** 2 Month / 2,000 Mile Warranty Included with the Purchase of this Vehicle.
At Town & Country Auto Sales, our goal is to give you the best quality vehicles at the best prices.
To give you competitive prices on our pre-owned vehicles, we here at Town & Country Auto Sales use something called "Market Based Pricing." This means that our prices are not based on book value, but rather the current market's supply and demand. This is how we make sure that our deals are the best deals.
Our prices, in addition to our convenient location, our outstanding reputation, the level of reconditioning we put into our cars, and our ability to provide you with the best possible price, make us an attractive choice for your next pre-owned vehicle.
That's how market base pricing works...you get the best value around! In today's world, you can look at cars anywhere you like with a click on the button. Use the market to your advantage and make sure you get the best price.
At Town & Country Auto Sales, we strive to make it difficult to beat our prices.
This is why we put a 2 Month 2,000 mile Warranty on all eligible pre-owned vehicles. So Don't pay hundreds or even thousands of dollars more at other dealerships - get the right price from the start only at TOWN & COUNTRY AUTO SALES.
If you're like most of our customers, we know you'll appreciate our upfront and honest sales strategy that we employ with our Market Based Pricing.
Sales Tax, Title, License Fee, Registration Fee, Dealer Documentary Fee, Finance Charges, are additional to the advertised price. We make every effort to provide you with the most accurate, up-to-date information for each vehicle listed for sale here on this site. However, although every reasonable effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this information, absolute accuracy cannot be guaranteed. We cannot be responsible for typographical errors, including data transmission, display or software errors, that may appear on this site. For the most up-to-date and accurate information regarding this vehicle, please verify pricing, equipment, mileage and availability directly with us by using the information in the "Contact Us" section of our website. This site, and all information and materials appearing on it, are presented to the user "as is" without warranty of any kind, either express or implied. All vehicles are subject to prior sale.
**IF YOU ARE OUT OF THE AREA AND WOULD LIKE A BETTER LOOK AT ANY VEHICLE, PLEASE CONTACT US AND LET ONE OF OUR SALES PROFESSIONALS EMAIL YOU A VIDEO TEST DRIVE!


After reading several candid blog posts last week (including Josie's gorgeous blog), it made me realise I hadn't done a proper sit down diary like catch up in a really long time over here on the blog- and ironically, it's those candid, personal posts that I truly love the most when I read other peoples blogs.
I touched on this in my newsletter last week, but being #MentalHealthAwarenessWeek I wanted to have a little chat over here about it too. After being hit with the comparison bug in a big way last week (largely down to a certain time of the month), it truly made me sit down and think about the kind of pressure we can put ourselves under and the effect it has on us. I've gone from feeling 100 to 0 in regards to my capabilities, and constantly feeling unsure of yourself can be incredibly exhausting. Additionally, last weekend- looking through old pictures, it made me so aware as well of how attuned to our 'quirks' the internet makes us too.
There are parts of my body and small personal characteristics that only this year I've started to notice (but have always had), largely down to strangers online and me placing myself against others- or others indirectly pointing out. It's such a peculiar place to have a perspective on yourself, and if I've learnt anything- it's how much kinder we need to be to others and ourselves. Hindsight and perspective is a powerful thing- but knowing that truly #MentalHealthAwarenessWeek is every week and looking after yourself is always number one is certainly the first step.
Some listening! I feel like I haven't shared many podcast updates on the blog at all since it started, but if you're either new around here or didn't realise- then hello! I also have a podcast! I've spoken a little more about it here, but in the last few weeks Charlotte and I have discussed everything from body image, Instagram v Real Life and buying and renting houses in your twenties and thirties. On top of that, we also extensively natter on about t.v, shopping and have plenty of giggles in-between. You can download it over on the Acast app or on iTunes here.
So yes! That's all with me at the moment folks, how have you been? It's always so nice seeing and hearing from some of you that have been hanging around for a while- so thank you endlessly for all your support as ever, and if you'd like to see more posts like this too then please let me know!
The post A Sit Down & Catch Up… appeared first on What Olivia Did.


The biggest advantage of being a commercial cameraman is that you follow a subject after your own heart, do lots and lots of research on graphic arts and get into this career in a pro way. In addition you get to earn rather a lot. Industrial photography is a highly compensating, well paid job. If you are very good in your job and occur to meet the right folk and get the right opportunities, you can earn a fortune.
Other organizations use company photography for marketing brochures to offer to current or prospective customers, or to hand out at job interviews or at recruiting events. In these examples, the company or organization should be portrayed in the best possible fashion. Many individuals recognize stock images, and they're viewed in graphic design and layout circles as lacklustre and unimaginative choices. Corporations come across as stylish and forward-thinking when they use unique, authentic photographs in their promoting literature and leaflets.
JIM CUNNINGHAM has been offering distinctive location photography to his clientele for over 20 years.
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text:
Mesochorinae — подсемейство паразитических наездников семейства Ichneumonidae из отряда перепончатокрылые. Небольшое подсемейство насекомых, насчитывает 12 родов.

Описание
Наездники мелких и средних размеров, переднее крыло как правило менее 1 см (от 2 до 14 мм). Жвалы с 2 зубцами. Лицо и наличник не разделены бороздкой а слиты в единую поверхность. Зеркальце переднего крыла ромбическое, большое. Лапки с гребенчатыми коготками. Личинки — гиперпаразиты других паразитических ихневмонид (реже паразитических мух-тахин), развивающихся в гусеницах бабочек, личинках жуков и перепончатокрылых. Встречаются повсеместно.

Систематика
Мировая фауна включает 12 родов и около 860 видов (большинство из рода Mesochorus), в Палеарктике — 8 родов и около 400 видов. Фауна России включает 4 рода и 100 видов наездников-ихневмонид этого подсемейства.

Среди всех около 40 подсемейств ихневмонид Mesochorinae включены в группу Ophioniformes, где относятся к кладе, содержащей ((Ctenopelmatinae и родственники, включая Metopiinae) + «высшие Ophioniformes»).

Некоторые роды подсемейства:
 Artherola Wahl, 1993
 Astiphromma Förster, 1869
 Chineater Wahl, 1993
 Cidaphus Förster, 1869
 Dolichochorus Strobl 1904
 = Thamester Wahl, 1993
 Dolichochorus japonicus (Wahl, 1993)
 Latilumbus Townes, 1971
 Lepidura Townes, 1971
 Mesochorus Gravenhorst, 1829
 Planochorus Schwenke, 2004
 Plectochorus Uchida, 1933
 Varnado Wahl, 1993

Примечания

Литература

Ссылки
 Waspweb

Mesochorinae
Подсемейства насекомых
Сверхпаразиты


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1. Editors assign the manuscripts to the reviewers who have the related research interests and following up the status of the review.
2. Editors submit the manuscripts and maintain timely issues.
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5. The Editor is also responsible to maintain the timely Review Process.
6. The Editors can submit the Editorials to the related journals and he has no limit to process the Article he can submit after completing all the commitments.
7. Editors can also share their views and thoughts in order to develop the journal.
8. Editors should also be very careful in maintaining confidentiality in the patient's information.


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text:
Département of France
Title: Département of France
Subject: Bénodet
This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in the français World Heritage Encyclopedia. (December 2008)
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This article is part of the series on
Administrative divisions of France
(incl. overseas regions)
(incl. overseas departments)
Urban communities
Agglomeration communities
Commune communities
Syndicates of New Agglomeration
Associated communes
Municipal arrondissements
Others in Overseas France
Overseas collectivities
Sui generis collectivity
Overseas country
Overseas territory
In the administrative division of France, the department (French: département, pronounced: [depaʁtəmɑ̃]) is one of the three levels of government below the national level ("territorial collectivities"), between the region and the commune. There are 96 departments in metropolitan France and 5 overseas departments, which also are classified as regions. Departments are further subdivided into 342 arrondissements, themselves divided into cantons; the latter two have no autonomy and are used for the organisation of public services and sometimes elections.
France's departments are administered by elected general councils (conseil général) and their presidents, whose main areas of responsibility include the management of a number of social and welfare allowances, of junior high school (collège) buildings and technical staff, of local roads and school and rural buses, and a contribution to municipal infrastructures. Local services of the State administration are traditionally organised at departmental level, where the prefect represents the government; however, regions have gained importance in this regard since the 2000s, with some department-level services merged into region-level services.
The departments were created in 1791 as a rational replacement of Ancien Régime provinces in view of strengthening national unity; almost all of them are therefore named after rivers, mountains or coasts rather than after historical or cultural territories, unlike regions, and some of them are commonly referred to by their two-digit postal code number, which was until recently used for all vehicle registration plates. They have inspired similar divisions in many of France's former colonies.
2 General characteristics
2.1 Party-political preferences
3 Future
4 Maps and tables
4.1 Current departments
4.2 Former departments
4.2.1 Former departments of the current territory of France
4.2.2 Departments of French Algeria
4.2.3 Departments in former French colonies
4.2.4 Departments of the Napoleonic Empire in Europe
Main article: Territorial formation of France
The first French territorial departments were proposed in 1665 by Marc-René d'Argenson to serve as administrative areas purely for the Ponts et Chaussées (Bridges and Highways) infrastructure administration.
Before the French Revolution, France gained territory gradually through the annexation of a mosaic of independent entities. By the close of the Ancien Régime, it was organised into provinces. During the period of the Revolution, these were dissolved, partly in order to weaken old loyalties.
The modern departments, as all-purpose units of the government, were created on 4 March 1790 by the National Constituent Assembly to replace the provinces with what the Assembly deemed a more rational structure. Their boundaries served two purposes:
Boundaries were deliberately chosen to break up France's historical regions in an attempt to erase cultural differences and build a more homogeneous nation.
Boundaries were set so that any settlement in the country was within a day's ride of the capital of the department. This was a security measure, intended to keep the entire national territory under close control. This measure was directly inspired by the Great Terror, during which the government had lost control of many rural areas far from any centre of government.
The old nomenclature was carefully avoided in naming the new departments. Most were named after an area's principal river or other physical features. Even Paris was in the department of Seine.
The number of departments, initially 83, was increased to 130 by 1809 with the territorial gains of the Republic and of the First French Empire (see Provinces of the Netherlands for the annexed Dutch departments). Following Napoleon's defeats in 1814-1815, the Congress of Vienna returned France to its pre-war size; the number of departments was reduced to 86, as three of the original departments had been split. In 1860, France acquired the County of Nice and Savoy, which led to the creation of three new departments. Two were added from the new Savoyard territory, while the department of Alpes-Maritimes was created from Nice and a portion of the Var department. The 89 departments were given numbers based on their alphabetical order.
The departments of Moselle, Bas-Rhin, and most of Haut-Rhin were ceded to the German Empire in 1871, following France's defeat in the Franco-Prussian War. A small part of Haut-Rhin remained French, however, and became known as the Territoire de Belfort. When France regained the ceded departments after World War I, the Territoire de Belfort was not reintegrated into Haut-Rhin. In 1922, it became France's 90th department.
The reorganisation of Île-de-France (1968) and the division of Corsica (1975) added six more departments, raising the total to 96. Counting the five overseas departments (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Réunion and Mayotte) the total comes to 101 departments. In 2011, the overseas collectivity of Mayotte became the 101st department.
Main article: Administrative divisions of France
The departmental seat of government is known as the prefecture (préfecture) or chef-lieu de département and is generally a city of some importance roughly at the geographical centre of the department. This was determined according to the time taken to travel on horseback from the periphery of the department. The goal was for the prefecture to be accessible by horseback from any town in the department within 24 hours. The prefecture is not necessarily the largest city in the department; for instance, in Saône-et-Loire department the capital is Mâcon, but the largest city is Chalon-sur-Saône. Departments are divided into one or more arrondissements. The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture (sous-préfecture) or chef-lieu d'arrondissement.
Each department is administered by a general council (conseil général), an assembly elected for six years by universal suffrage, with the president of the council as executive of the department. Before 1982, the executive of a department was the prefect (préfet) who represents the Government of France in each department and is appointed by the President of France. The prefect is assisted by one or more sub-prefects (sous-préfet) based in the subprefectures of the department.
The departments are further divided into communes, governed by municipal councils. As of 1999, there were 36,779 communes in France. In the overseas territories, some communes play a role at departmental level. Paris, the country's capital city, is a commune as well as a department.
In continental France (metropolitan France, excluding Corsica), the median land area of a department is 5,965 km2 (2,303 sq mi), which is two-and-a-half times the median land area of a ceremonial county of England & Wales and slightly more than three-and-half times the median land area of a county of the United States. At the 2001 census, the median population of a department in continental France was 511,012 inhabitants, which is 21 times the median population of a U.S. county, but less than two-thirds of the median population of a ceremonial county of England & Wales. Most of the departments have an area of between 4,000 and 8,000 km², and a population between 320,000 and 1 million. The largest in area is Gironde (10,000 km²), while the smallest is the city of Paris (105 km²). The most populous is Nord (2,550,000) and the least populous is Lozère (74,000).
The departments are numbered: their two-digit numbers appear in postal codes, in INSEE codes (including "social security numbers") and on vehicle number-plates. Initially, the numbers corresponded to the alphabetical order of the names of the departments, but several changed their names, so the correspondence became less exact. There is no number 20, but 2A and 2B instead, for Corsica. Corsican postal codes or addresses in both departments do still start with 20, though. The two-digit code "98" is used by Monaco. Together with the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code FR, the numbers form the ISO 3166-2 country subdivision codes for the metropolitan departments. The overseas departments get three digits, e.g. 971 for Guadeloupe (see table below).
Party-political preferences
These maps cannot be used as a useful resource of voter preferences, because General Councils are elected on a two-round system, which drastically limits the chances of fringe parties, for as long as they are not supported on one of the two rounds by a moderate party. After the 1992 election, the left had a majority in only 21 of the 100 departments; after the 2011 election, the left dominated 61 of the 100 departments (Mayotte only became a department after the election).
Party affiliation of the General Council Presidents of the various departments in the cantonal elections of 1998.
Party affiliation of the General Council Presidents of the various departments in the elections of 2001.
Key to the parties:
Divers Centre = Independents of the Centre or Democratic Movement (Mouvement démocrate)
Divers Droite (DVD) = Independent conservatives
Divers Gauche (DVG) = Independent left-wing politicians
MPF = Movement for France (Mouvement pour la France) (right)
Nouveau Centre = New Centre (centre or centre-right)
PCF = French Communist Party (Parti Communiste Français)
PRG = Radical Party of the Left (Parti Radical de Gauche)
PS = Socialist Party (Parti Socialiste)
UDF = Union for French Democracy (Union pour la Démocratie Française) succeeded by Democratic Movement
UMP = Union for a Popular Movement (Union pour un Mouvement Populaire)
The removal of one or more levels of local government has been discussed for some years; in particular, the option of removing the departmental level. Frédéric Lefebvre, spokesman for the UMP, said in December 2008 that the fusion of the departments with the regions was a matter to be dealt with soon. This was soon refuted by Édouard Balladur and Gérard Longuet, members of the Committee for the reform of local authorities, known as the Balladur Committee.[1]
In January 2008, the Commission for freeing French development, known as the Attali Commission, recommended that the departmental level of government should be eliminated within ten years.[2]
Nevertheless, the Balladur Committee has not retained this proposition and does not advocate the disappearance of the departments, but simply "favors the voluntary grouping of departments," which it suggests also for the regions, with the aim of bringing the number of the latter down to fifteen.[3] This committee advocates, on the contrary, the suppression of the cantons.[3]
Maps and tables
Current departments
All departments have an escutcheon with which they are commonly associated, but not all are officially recognized or used. In some departments they are used, but in others a more modern emblem is used. The national government itself has no heraldic coat of arms, as a rejection of the aristocratic origins of heraldry, and this is followed by many governments in the departments.
Ain Bourg-en-Bresse Rhône-Alpes
Aisne Laon
Allier Moulins Auvergne
Alpes-de-Haute-Provence 2 Digne-les-Bains Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Hautes-Alpes Gap Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Alpes-Maritimes Nice Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Ardeche !Ardèche Privas Rhône-Alpes
Ardennes Charleville-Mezieres !Charleville-Mézières Champagne-Ardenne
Ariege !Ariège Foix Midi-Pyrénées
Aube Troyes Champagne-Ardenne
Aude Carcassonne Languedoc-Roussillon
Aveyron Rodez Midi-Pyrénées
Bouches-Du-Rhone !Bouches-du-Rhône Marseille Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Calvados Caen
Cantal Aurillac Auvergne
Charente Angouleme !Angoulême Poitou-Charentes
Charente-Maritime 3 La Rochelle Poitou-Charentes
Cher Bourges Centre
Correze !Corrèze Tulle Limousin
Corse-du-Sud Ajaccio Corse
Haute-Corse Bastia Corse
Cote-Dor !Côte-d'Or Dijon
Cotes-Darmor !Côtes-d'Armor 4 Saint-Brieuc Bretagne
Creuse Gueret !Guéret Limousin
Dordogne Perigueux !Périgueux Aquitaine
Doubs Besancon !Besançon Franche-Comté
Drome !Drôme Valence Rhône-Alpes
Eure Evreux !Évreux
Eure-et-Loir Chartres Centre
Finistere !Finistère Quimper Bretagne
Gard Nimes !Nîmes Languedoc-Roussillon
Haute-Garonne Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Gers Auch Midi-Pyrénées
Gironde 5 Bordeaux Aquitaine
Herault !Hérault Montpellier Languedoc-Roussillon
Ille-et-Vilaine Rennes Bretagne
Indre Chateauroux !Châteauroux Centre
Indre-et-Loire Tours Centre
Isere !Isère Grenoble Rhône-Alpes
Jura Lons-le-Saunier Franche-Comté
Landes Mont-de-Marsan Aquitaine
Loir-et-Cher Blois Centre
Loire Saint-Etienne !Saint-Étienne Rhône-Alpes
Haute-Loire Le Puy-en-Velay Auvergne
Loire-Atlantique 6 Nantes Pays de la Loire
Loiret Orleans !Orléans Centre
Lot Cahors Midi-Pyrénées
Lot-et-Garonne Agen Aquitaine
Lozere !Lozère Mende Languedoc-Roussillon
Maine-et-Loire 7 Angers Pays de la Loire
Manche Saint-Lo !Saint-Lô
Marne Chalons-en-Champagne !Châlons-en-Champagne Champagne-Ardenne
Haute-Marne Chaumont Champagne-Ardenne
Mayenne Laval Pays de la Loire
Meurthe-et-Moselle Nancy Lorraine
Meuse Bar-le-Duc Lorraine
Morbihan Vannes Bretagne
Moselle Metz Lorraine
Nievre !Nièvre Nevers
Nord Lille Nord-Pas-de-Calais
Oise Beauvais
Orne Alencon !Alençon
Pas-de-Calais Arras Nord-Pas-de-Calais
Puy-de-Dome !Puy-de-Dôme Clermont-Ferrand Auvergne
Pyrenees-Atlantiques !Pyrénées-Atlantiques 8 Pau Aquitaine
Hautes-Pyrenees !Hautes-Pyrénées Tarbes Midi-Pyrénées
Pyrenees-Orientales !Pyrénées-Orientales Perpignan Languedoc-Roussillon
Bas-Rhin Strasbourg Alsace
Haut-Rhin Colmar Alsace
Rhone !Rhône Lyon Rhône-Alpes
Haute-Saone !Haute-Saône Vesoul Franche-Comté
Saone-et-Loire !Saône-et-Loire Macon !Mâcon
Sarthe Le Mans Pays de la Loire
Savoie Chambery !Chambéry Rhône-Alpes
Haute-Savoie Annecy Rhône-Alpes
Paris 9 Paris Île-de-France
Seine-Maritime 10 Rouen
Seine-et-Marne Melun Île-de-France
Yvelines 11 Versailles Île-de-France
Deux-Sevres !Deux-Sèvres Niort Poitou-Charentes
Somme Amiens
Tarn Albi Midi-Pyrénées
Tarn-et-Garonne Montauban Midi-Pyrénées
Var Toulon Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Vaucluse Avignon Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Vendee !Vendée La Roche-sur-Yon Pays de la Loire
Vienne Poitiers Poitou-Charentes
Haute-Vienne Limoges Limousin
Vosges Epinal !Épinal Lorraine
Yonne Auxerre
Territoire de Belfort Belfort Franche-Comté
Essonne 12 Evry !Évry Île-de-France
Hauts-de-Seine 13 Nanterre Île-de-France
Seine-Saint-Denis 14 Bobigny Île-de-France
Val-de-Marne Créteil Île-de-France
Val-d'Oise Pontoise 15 Île-de-France
Guadeloupe 16 Basse-Terre Guadeloupe
Martinique 16 Fort-de-France Martinique
Guyane 16 Cayenne French Guiana
Reunion !La Réunion 16 Saint-Denis Réunion
Mayotte 17 Mamoudzou Mayotte
^1 Most of the coats of arms are not official
^2 This department was known as Basses-Alpes until 1970
^3 This department was known as Charente-Inférieure until 1941
^4 This department was known as Côtes-du-Nord until 1990
^5 This department was known as Bec-d'Ambès until 1795
^6 This department was known as Loire-Inférieure until 1957
^7 This department was known as Mayenne-et-Loire until 1791
^8 This department was known as Basses-Pyrénées until 1969
^9 Number 75 was formerly assigned to Seine
^10 This department was known as Seine-Inférieure until 1955
^11 Number 78 was formerly assigned to Seine-et-Oise
^12 Number 91 was formerly assigned to Alger, in French Algeria
^13 Number 92 was formerly assigned to Oran, in French Algeria
^14 Number 93 was formerly assigned to Constantine, in French Algeria
^15 The prefecture of Val-d'Oise was established in Pontoise when the department was created, but moved de facto to the neighbouring commune of Cergy; currently, both part of the ville nouvelle of Cergy-Pontoise
^16 The overseas departments each constitute a region and enjoy a status identical to metropolitan France. They are part of France and the European Union, though special EU rules apply to them.
^17 Mayotte became the 101st department of France on 31 March 2011. The INSEE code of Mayotte is 976 (975 is already assigned to the French overseas collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon)
Former departments
Former departments of the current territory of France
Dates in existence
Rhône-et-Loire
Lyon 1790–1793 Split into Loire on 12 August 1793.
Bastia 1790–1793 Split into Golo and Liamone.
Bastia 1793–1811 Reunited with Corse.
Liamone
Ajaccio 1793–1811 Reunited with Corse.
Chambéry 1792–1815 Formed from part of the Haute-Savoie.
Geneva 1798–1814 Formed when the Haute-Savoie.
Meurthe
Nancy 1790–1871 Meurthe ceased to exist following the annexation of Treaty of Versailles.
Paris 1790–1967 On 1 January 1968, Seine was divided into four new departments: Seine-et-Oise as well).
Seine-et-Oise
Versailles 1790–1967 On 1 January 1968, Seine-et-Oise was divided into four new departments: Seine).
Ajaccio 1811–1975 On 15 September 1975, Corse was divided in two, to form Haute-Corse.
Saint-Pierre 1976–1985 overseas collectivity on 11 June 1985.
Departments of French Algeria
Unlike the rest of French-controlled Africa, Algeria was officially incorporated into France from 1848 until its independence in 1962.
Alger Algiers (1848–1957)
Oran Oran (1848–1957)
Constantine Constantine (1848–1957)
Bône Annaba (1955–1957)
Oasis Ouargla (1957–1962)
Saoura Bechar (1957–1962)
Batna Batna (1957–1962)
Médéa Medea (1957–1962)
Mostaganem Mostaganem (1957–1962)
Orléansville Chlef (1957–1962)
Sétif Setif (1957–1962)
Tiaret Tiaret (1957–1962)
Tizi-Ouzou Tizi Ouzou (1957–1962)
Tlemcen Tlemcen (1957–1962)
Aumale Sour el Ghozlane (1958–1959)
Bougie Bejaia (1958–1962)
Saïda Saïda (1958–1962)
Departments in former French colonies
Modern-day location
Département du Sud
( Dominican Republic and Haiti) 1795–1800
Département de l'Inganne (Mostly in Dominican Republic with eastern part of Haiti)
Département du Nord
Département de l'Ouest
Département de Samana (In Dominican Republic)
Saint Lucia, Tobago 1795–1800
Seychelles 1795–1800
Indes-Orientales
Pondichéry, Karikal, Yanaon, Mahé and Chandernagore 1795–1800
Departments of the Napoleonic Empire in Europe
There are a number of former departments in territories conquered by France during the French Revolution and Napoleonic Empire that are now not part of France:
(French name)
(English name)
Current location1
Contemporary location2
Mont-Terrible
Porrentruy Switzerland Holy Roman Empire:
Prince-Bishopric of Basel3
Corcyre
Corfou Corfu Greece Republic of Venice4 1797–1799
Ithaque
Argostoli 1797–1798
Mer-Égée
Zante Zakynthos 1797–1798
Dyle
Bruxelles Brussels Belgium Austrian Netherlands:
Duchy of Brabant
County of Hainaut
Escaut
Gand Ghent Belgium
Netherlands Austrian Netherlands:
Dutch Republic:
United States of the Zeelandic Flanders
Luxembourg Luxembourg
Germany Austrian Netherlands:
Duchy of Bouillon
Duchy of Luxembourg
Jemmape
Mons Belgium Austrian Netherlands:
Lordship of Tournai
County of Namur
Holy Roman Empire:
Bishopric of Liège
Bruges Austrian Netherlands:
Meuse-Inférieure
Maëstricht Maastricht Belgium
Austrian Upper Guelders
Duchy of Limburg
Dutch Upper Guelders
Limburg of the States
Bishopric of Liège:
County of Horne
County of Loon
Imperial Abbey of Thorn
Maastricht5
Deux-Nèthes
Anvers Antwerp Belgium Austrian Netherlands:
Brabant of the States (after 1810)
Ourthe
Imperial Abbey of Stavelot-Malmedy
Sambre-et-Meuse
Namur Belgium Austrian Netherlands:
Mont-Tonnerre
Mayence Mainz Germany Holy Roman Empire:
Archbishopric of Mainz
Electorate of the Palatinate
Bishopric of Speyer
Rhin-et-Moselle
Coblence Koblenz Holy Roman Empire:
Archbishopric of Cologne
Archbishopric of Trier
Roer
Aix-la-Chapelle Aachen Germany
Netherlands Holy Roman Empire:
Free Imperial City of Aachen
Electorate of the Palatinate:
Grand Duchy of Berg
Duchy of Jülich
Kingdom of Prussia:
Prussian Guelders
Wesel (after 1805)
Trèves Trier Belgium
Germany Holy Roman Empire:
County of Veldenz
Duchy of Zweibrücken
Ivrée Ivrea Italy Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia
Duchy of Savoy
Alexandrie Alessandria 1802–1814
Turin 1802–1814
Sésia
Verceil Vercelli 1802–1814
Coni Cuneo 1802–1814
Tanaro6
Asti 1802–1805
Apennins
Chiavari Republic of Genoa7 1805–1814
Gênes Genoa 1805–1814
Montenotte
Savone Savona 1805–1814
Florence Grand Duchy of Tuscany8 1808–1814
Livourne Livorno 1808–1814
Ombrone
Sienne Siena 1808–1814
Parme Parma Holy Roman Empire:
Duchy of Parma & Piacenza
Rome10
Rome Papal States 1809–1814
Trasimène
Spolète Spoleto 1809–1814
Bouches-du-Rhin
Bois-le-Duc 's-Hertogenbosch Netherlands Dutch Republic:11
Batavian Brabant (Brabant of the States)
Dutch Guelders
Bouches-de-l'Escaut
Middelbourg Middelburg Dutch Republic:11
County of Zeeland
Sion Switzerland République des Sept Dizains12 1810–1814
Bouches-de-la-Meuse
La Haye The Hague Netherlands Dutch Republic:11
County of Holland
Bouches-de-l'Yssel
Zwolle Dutch Republic:11
Ems-Occidental
Groningue Groningen Netherlands
Germany Dutch Republic:11
Ems-Oriental
Aurich Germany Holy Roman Empire:
County of East Frisia11
Leuwarden Leeuwarden Netherlands Dutch Republic:11
Yssel-Supérieur
Arnhem Dutch Republic:11
Zuyderzée
Amsterdam Dutch Republic:11
Lordship of Utrecht
Bouches-de-l'Elbe
Hamburg Hamburg Germany Holy Roman Empire:
Electorate of Hanover
Bouches-du-Weser
Brême Bremen Holy Roman Empire:
Duchy of Oldenburg
Ems-Supérieur
Osnabrück Holy Roman Empire:
Bishopric of Osnabrück
Town and County of Lingen
Principality of Minden
County of Ravensberg
Lippe12
Munster Münster Holy Roman Empire:
Bishopric of Münster
Bouches-de-l'Èbre
Lérida Lleida Spain Kingdom of Spain:
Barcelone Barcelona 1812–1813
Sègre
Puigcerda Puigcerdà 1812–1813
Gérone Girona 1812–1813
Bouches-de-l'Èbre-Montserrat
Barcelone Barcelona Previously the departments of Bouches-de-l'Èbre and Montserrat 1813–1814
Sègre-Ter
Gérone Girona Previously the departments of Sègre and Ter 1813–1814
Notes for Table 7:
Where a Napoleonic department was composed of parts from more than one country, the nation-state containing the prefecture is listed. Please expand this table to list all countries containing significant parts of the department.
Territories that were a part of Holy Roman Empire.
The Canton of Basel.
The territories of the United States of the Ionian Islands
Bishopric of Liège.
On 6 June 1805, as a result of the annexation of the Stura.
Before becoming the department of Ligurian Republic.
Before becoming the department of Kingdom of Etruria.
Rome was known as the department du Tibre until 1810.
Before becoming the departments of Kingdom of Holland.
Before becoming the department of Helvetic Republic until 1802 when it became the independent Rhodanic Republic.
In the months before Lippe was formed, the arrondissements of Rees and Münster were part of Yssel-Supérieur, the arrondissement of Steinfurt was part of Bouches-de-l'Yssel and the arrondissement of Neuenhaus was part of Ems-Occidental.
130 departments of the First French Empire
ISO 3166-2:FR
Commons has media related to Departments of France.
Book: French departements
Departments of France
Overseas departments
973 French Guiana
Articles on second-level administrative divisions of European countries
Serbia (Kosovo4)
1 Has part of its territory outside Europe. 2 Entirely in Western Asia, but considered European for cultural, political and historical reasons. 3 Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the border. 4 Partially recognised.
Table of administrative divisions by country
France, Finistère, Regions of France, Departments of France, Arrondissements of France


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