Amaryllis Mouyiannou PhD, Vulnerability Specialist in Aspen Re's Research & Development team, considers the flexibility accorded to more recent natural catastrophe models. As ever, the assumptions and method in arriving at loss probabilities should be given as much consideration as the results. Only now, levels of communication with modelling companies and open architecture enable a better understanding and this is helping to secure more certain outcomes.
We use catastrophe models in order to assess the probabilistic risk from potential natural disasters. The catastrophe models are able to estimate the probable loss at given return periods, provided the details of the insured assets are known (in terms of location and characteristics). Catastrophe models have made significant advances in the last 20 years with the inclusion of more countries and incorporation of up-to-date scientific methodologies. New features, for example liquefaction and tsunami risk, are continually introduced to enhance the risk estimation. Earlier models were said to operate within a black box as there was little understanding of the relationship between the exposure detail input and the probabilistic loss output. However, as our Aspen Opinion A different type of Update highlighted, the black box detractors have been somewhat silenced as evolution has generated more detailed, transparent and modifiable versions. Nevertheless, model evolution in the last couple of years has not been as fast as many hoped.
The transparency and adaptability allows a "smarter" model use enabling better representation of modelled risks. Model components can be individually evaluated and modified when necessary, given the reduced opacity and the very detailed support around modelling companies' assumptions and best use. The greater transparency also allows for direct comparisons of components between different models and their validation with external independent references. This has been beneficial to all concerned. The model users can be more confident concerning the relevance of the model to their particular business. Meanwhile, the model designers receive valuable feedback on model users' needs. This "smarter" use of the models still demands a specialised knowledge of vulnerabilities; an inappropriate choice of assumptions can have a negative impact on the final risk/loss calculations. Great care must always be taken in all aspects of modelling.
A number of (re)insurers, including Aspen Re, use a blended approach to catastrophe risk management through incorporation of outcomes from more than one model. Often, the different available models need to be evaluated and their differences understood - with the use of a particular one, or the combined use of more - tailored for the assessed risk. In order to produce a more accurate modelling solution, all the model components should, if possible, be evaluated, compared and validated.
In order to predict the possible losses arising from an event, the potential hazard intensities at each exposure location need to be connected to the monetary loss through a module that estimates the expected physical damage on the insured assets. For the (re)insurer, assessment of damage potential includes buildings, contents and business interruption. This assessment is covered within the vulnerability module of each catastrophe model. The key calculation components - or modules - within natural catastrophe models are shown in Figure 1.
The vulnerability calculation is dependent on the exposure description (location and characteristics) and the hazard representation that is expressed by relevant intensity measures (IMs). The vulnerability component output can then be calculated as the damage potential. This is expressed as a mean damage ratio (MDR) - i.e. the ratio of average damage loss to total replacement value of the insured asset and is a function of the hazard intensities. The functions of MDRs and IMs are key to the vulnerability assessment. The MDR values together with the policy conditions are employed in the loss calculation to assess the probabilistic losses for different return periods. Within each model, it is important to evaluate which vulnerability functions give a true reflection of claims settlements and represent the insured buildings rather than the general engineering view of structural performance.
The vulnerability component is derived during the development phase of each catastrophe model through a two-stage process - the fragility estimation and the vulnerability assessment. At the first stage, the performance of the insured assets (structures, contents and business interruption) during events of various intensities is expressed in terms of engineering demand parameters (EDPs). These EDPs can be calculated through a variety of methods while the fragility assessment methodologies divide into two categories - the empirical and the analytical. Empirical methodologies derive the expected performance from past damage surveys of similar events, experts' judgement etc. In contrast, analytical methodologies can vary from considering very simple models to very detailed ones that take all the facts (e.g. all building characteristics in the structural damage calculation) into account. Empirical and very simplified analytical methods were employed in the development of early models but evolution has led to the incorporation of increasingly advanced and detailed analytical methods. The fragility and vulnerability estimation within the seismic models is keeping pace with the earthquake engineering advances through consideration of the available updates in structural and content earthquake performance.
In the second stage of the vulnerabilty module development, the EDPs are translated to MDRs that express the expected damage as a percentage of the replacement value of the assets.
Figure 2 shows the vulnerability module derivation for a seismic model. First, a relationship between the earthquake intensities and the building performance has to be established. The building resistance increases with seismic demand until the building reaches its resistance capacity. Resistance then falls as damage occurs and the building degrades until it collapses. The graph represents the fragility of the building with resistance represented by distinct performance levels such as the initiation of cracking, the failure of some structural parts etc. The performance levels are then translated to loss damage, i.e. the cost of restoring the building to its initial condition (repair or complete replacement) expressed as a percentage of its replacement cost (MDR). Collapse translates to 100% MDR. Quantifying loss due to business interruption can be expressed as a percentage of total value through the assignation of downtime periods to building performance level. In turn these are expressed as a function of the initial earthquake intensities. A vulnerability function is derived for each building typology and these may be employed in the open modelling process.
Both the fragility estimation and the translation from EDP to MDR are carried out during the development phase of the models, and thus are still somewhat opaque. Only the overall vulnerability functions (i.e. the relationships between event intensities, expressed in terms of IMs and MDR) can be seen when using a model and often the documentation does not explicity describe details and assumptions used. A better understanding and better subsequent use of models requires comprehensive evaluation of the underlying IM and MDR methodologies.
The hazard representation within the vulnerability functions can have a strong impact on the final loss estimation. A variety of IMs can be used to describe the hazard at each exposure location, given an event. So different models for the same peril and region may use vulnerability functions with different IMs and the uncertainty in the loss calculation can be reduced through adoption of the most appropriate IMs.
For example, the range of IMs is very broad for seismic hazard. They vary from those that only consider acceleration on the ground (structural-independent IM) to those that are bound to the natural frequency of vibration of the structures (structural-dependent IM), representing the intensity experienced through the building which varies according to floor and building height). Structural dependent IMs have a greater correlation to structural performance than structural independent IMs and thus can reduce calculation uncertainty. Nevertheless, the former's advantage is only relevant when the structural details (e.g. a building's height - used as a proxy for estimating natural frequency of vibration of buildings) are known. If these exposure details are unavailable then use of such IMs can introduce randomness in the hazard representation and consequently errors to the loss calculation.
Figure 3 shows the different loss outcomes of four seismic events using structural dependent vulnerability functions derived from different building height assumptions. Losses, assuming mid, high and tall-rise buildings, are compared with those based on a low-rise building assumption. In Event 1, the loss from a tall-rise building is 80% greater than that of low-rise. This model is not appropriate to use where building heights are unknown; in this instance a model with structural-independent vulnerability functions would be more appropriate.
Model users should be aware of the constraints and the sensitivities of the various model components – especially the vulnerability component. Model evaluation will consider incorporation, or otherwise, of engineering advances, the assumptions and their potential sources of uncertainty. Improvement has been made through the adoption of more recent engineering developments but exposure resolution and description quality are still likely to impose limitations. Newer, more advanced and precise models can be 'data hungry' and, moreover, may generate uncertain (and even unstable) loss calculations if the granularity of exposure quality is limited. Frequently, the (re)insurer still receives exposure data lacking in detail or already subject to classifications or translations that are not consistent with the modelling requirements.
Yet, advances in models make for a fundamental difference. Through greater knowledge and transparency, users can choose the right guidelines so that the available data is used in the best way.
Click here for a pdf version of the article.


Would you like to discover what those-in-the-know need to state about Acne? The info in this article below comes direct from well-informed professionals with special understanding of Acne.
Have you ever endured an uncontrollable desire to be pierced simply by a dozen needles? This is the image many people get when someone mentions the word "acupuncture".


text:
Luigi Denza (né le  à Castellammare di Stabia, dans la province de Naples, en Campanie – mort le  à Londres) est un compositeur italien de la seconde moitié du  et du début du .

Biographie

Luigi Denza commença à étudier la musique au conservatoire de San Pietro a Majella de Naples.

En 1876, il monta à Naples sa comédie Wallenstein. Il devint professeur de chant au Conservatoire de Naples et en 1879, et émigré à Londres, il fut codirecteur de l'Académie de musique de Londres jusqu'en 1898, puis professeur de chant à l'Académie Royale de Musique, dont il a assuré la présidence jusqu'à sa mort.

Auteur de huit cents compositions musicales, il fut célèbre surtout pour Funiculì funiculà, composé pour la Piedigrotta de 1880, d'après les paroles de Giuseppe Turco, à l'occasion de l'inauguration du funiculaire du Vésuve.

La ville de Naples a baptisé une rue à son nom, et érigé à l'hôtel de ville un buste en sa mémoire.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Pédagogue en musique classique
Compositeur italien du XIXe siècle
Compositeur italien du XXe siècle
Compositeur italien de musique classique de la période moderne
Naissance en février 1846
Naissance à Castellammare di Stabia
Décès en janvier 1922
Décès à Londres
Décès à 75 ans
Article dont des informations diffèrent sur Wikidata

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


"One Day" was written by the Jackie Trent / Tony Hatch partnership, they were married in 1966.
The song has an easy listening sound, hardly progressive for late '66 early '67 but the vocal harmonies are pleasant enough. An overall Beach Boys vibration soaks through the disc.
The flip is a version of the Cole Porter tune and is not my scene.


BELGRADE, Christian Locke is used to answering the same question: what on earth is he doing in Serbia?
"I get that question almost every time I meet somebody new," Locke said, laughing on a Saturday afternoon spent in Republic Square tuning his guitar. He wears a pair of light wash blue jeans, green boots and a blue bandana in an attempt to control his wild and graying shoulder-length hair.
Locke, 36, has now lived in Belgrade for about a year and a half. He first moved to the Balkans in 2012, when he quit his job as the marketing director of his father's Texas insurance company to pursue a romance with a woman he met on Facebook.
But, that relationship quickly fell apart. And although Locke had come to the Balkans to chase one love, he stayed for another: Yugoslav rock 'n' roll.
Locke was traveling through Croatia when he first discovered bands like Ekatarina Velika and Atomsko Sklonište, which peaked in popularity a decade prior to the turbulent Balkan wars of the 90's.
"I fell in love with it right away," he recalled.
Music has been a powerful way for Locke to connect with local people. He was in a bar last year when he met Ivan Marinković, 31, an announcer at the national broadcasting company, Radio Belgrade. They discovered their mutual love for guitar and started playing together on a regular basis.
Marinković said he was stunned when he heard Locke playing Yugoslav songs. "He fell in love with the same music I love and play without even knowing what is it about," he said.
Through his connections with local people, Locke has been able to set up gigs throughout the city. Since his arrival, Locke has performed in Ozi Bar & Hostel, Familija Bistro, and KC Grad in Savamala.
He says locals are always happy to hear him play. Most of the time, audiences do not even notice he is not from the area, and if they do, no one gives it a second thought.
"If anybody is singing that old music—no matter who it is—people are going to be singing along," he said.
Locke leads a simple life in the Balkans. He lives in a small apartment within walking distance of Republic Square and makes the majority of his earnings teaching yoga, web design, meditation and English.
But maintaining this lifestyle is not an easy task. Some days, Locke says, he only has enough money to buy a bag of peanuts to eat. Still, that is not enough to dampen his spirits.
"Those are some of my best days," Locke said.
But that carefree outlook is part of what makes Locke who he is. He does not want to be tied down to one thing in particular. He says he would rather be doing 10 sporadic jobs than one reliable position he hates.
Marinković said his friends call Locke the modern "Hippie of Belgrade," for his laid back attitude.
"He was like an alien for me and my friends who met him, because we had never seen anyone who lives so freely and relaxed," Marinković recalled.
Locke has made a unique life for himself in Belgrade, and he says he does not think he will be leaving the Balkans anytime soon.
Marinković remembered recently when they were walking through the city together, and Locke heard some people speaking English.


text:
Thomas Haden Net Worth 2022, Age, Height, Weight, Biography, Wiki and Career Details
Thomas Haden
Real Name/Full Name Thomas Richard McMillen
Nick Name/Celebrated Name: Thomas Haden Church
Birth Place: Woodland, California
Date Of Birth/Birthday: 17 June 1960
In Feet – 5'10''
Hair Color: Light Brown
Parents Name: Father – Carlos Richard McMillen
Mother – Maxine Sanders
Siblings: Andy McMillen (brother), Nancy Moreno (sister) and George 'Tex' Quesada (stepbrother)
School: Harlingen High School
College: University of North Texas
Girlfriend: Mia Zottoli (broken up)
Wife/Spouse Name: N.A.
Kids/Children Name: 2 Children
Profession: Actor, Director, Writer, Voice Over Artist, Radio Personality
I hope all of you must have seen the Spiderman series; in the third movie, the villain Sandman was horrendous, isn't he? Well, do you know who played that character? Thomas Haden, popularly known as Thomas Haden Church. He is also known for appearing in many sitcoms, series and movies.
Well, how well do you know about Thomas Haden? If not much, we have compiled all you need to know about Thomas Haden's net worth in 2022, his age, height, weight, wife, kids, biography and complete details about his life. Well, if you're all set, here is what we know about Thomas Haden to date.
Thomas was born as Thomas Richard McMillen on 17th June 1960 in Woodland, California. His parents are Maxine McMillen (mother) and Carlos Richard McMillen (father). His father served in Marine for eight years, was on duty at Korean War and also worked as a surveyor. His parents divorced in 1962. His mother remarried George A. Quesada, an Army Air Force veteran and a widower. Thomas took his stepfather's surname but later kept it as 'Church'.
So, how old is Thomas Haden in 2022 and what is his height and weight? Well, Thomas Haden's age is 61 years old as of today's date 17th January 2022 having been born on 17 June 1960. Though, he is 5'10'' in feet and inches and 179 cm in Centimetres tall, he weighs about 169 lbs in Pound and 77 kg in Kilograms.
Thomas was studying in school for quite a while. But, he left his schooling in between and went to Louisiana Oil fields to work. Though, he returned after a while and completed his education. He got his education from Harlingen High School. He earned his higher education from the University of North Texas.
Thomas was in a relationship with Mia Zottoli and also had two children with her. But he never married anyone in his whole life. He lives in a 2000 acre ranch in Kerrville, Texas.
Is Thomas Haden Gay?
No, that is not the case. Thomas was in a relationship with Mia Zottoli and also has two children with her. Though he hasn't married anyone in his life, his sexual orientation is Straight.
Thomas's career started as a voice-over artist and a radio personality. He appeared in an independent film after which he decided to think of acting as a full-time career and moved to California. His first TV appearance was in a minor role in Cheers. He then went on to play Lowell Mather in the NBC sitcom 'Wings' for six seasons.
He was part of another big series named 'Ned & Stacey'. He has also appeared in many movies like George of the Jungle, Tombstone, The Specials, Demon Knight, etc. getting special acclaim for his role in 'Sideways', Broken Tail' and getting special attention as Sandman in Spider-Man 3.
He took a break from acting in 1998. He then went on to make his directorial debut with Rolling Kansas in 2003. He auditioned for the movie 'Sideways' by stripping for his role. It earned him not only the part but also an Academy nomination. He did a very famous Tv series, 'Broken Tail' for which he also won an Emmy.
His role in Spider-Man 3 is one of the most popular ones of his career. In 2005, he was invited to join the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences. Some of his recent releases are the web series FEARnet, Zombie Roadkill and Divorce. He has also done voiceovers in commercials of Merrill Lynch and Icehouse Beer.
Thomas has appeared in many movies and series. His performances have widely been liked by the audience. Over the years, he has received many awards and nominations, including Boston Society Film Critics Awards, Chicago Film Critics Association, etc. He has also won a Primetime Emmy Award for 'Broken Tail'. He received multiple nominations, including Academy Awards, Golden Globe Awards and Screen Actors Guild for some of his acclaimed movies like Sideways.
Net Worth, Salary & Earnings of Thomas Haden in 2022
Thomas Haden Net Worth
Thomas has been a very famous and recognized actor. He has appeared in many movies and serials over the years. That only has been his major source of income. His net worth is estimated at a whopping $25 million as of 2022, which we all know is a very high amount.
Thomas Haden Church is a famous actor and voice-over artist. He came from a very humble background. He started just like a radio personality and voice-over artist. When he saw an opportunity in films, he headed in this direction. After doing some minor roles, he appeared infamous and acclaimed series 'Wings' and 'Ned & Stacey'.
He also appeared in many movies, but his roles in Sideways and Spider Man3 remain the most iconic and famous ones of his career. He then did a series Broken Tail, in which his award-winning performance was highly acclaimed. He also did many voiceovers, commercials and directions for movies.
Over the years, he has tried almost everything in the cinema genre. He even took a small break in between but came back towards his passion. At last, we would like to congratulate him on his successful career and thank him for giving us some memorable characters. Also, we would like to wish him all the best in his future endeavors.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
set -e
ARCH=`uname -m`

#check to see if TEST_PKGS is set else use default (all packages)
TEST_PKGS=${TEST_PKGS:-github.com/hyperledger/fabric/...}
echo -n "Obtaining list of tests to run for the following packages: ${TEST_PKGS}"

# Some examples don't play nice with `go test`
PKGS=`go list ${TEST_PKGS} 2> /dev/null | \
                                                  grep -v /vendor/ | \
                                                  grep -v /build/ | \
                                                  grep -v /bddtests | \
                                                  grep -v /orderer/mocks | \
                                                  grep -v /common/mocks | \
                                                  grep -v /core/mocks | \
                                                  grep -v /test | \
                                                  grep -v /examples/chaincode/chaintool/ | \
                                                  grep -v /examples/chaincode/go/asset_management | \
                                                  grep -v /examples/chaincode/go/utxo | \
                                                  grep -v /examples/chaincode/go/rbac_tcerts_no_attrs`

if [ x$ARCH == xppc64le -o x$ARCH == xs390x ]
then
PKGS=`echo $PKGS | sed  's@'github.com/hyperledger/fabric/core/chaincode/platforms/java/test'@@g'`
PKGS=`echo $PKGS | sed  's@'github.com/hyperledger/fabric/core/chaincode/platforms/java'@@g'`
fi

echo "DONE!"

echo "Running tests..."
gocov test -ldflags "$GO_LDFLAGS" $PKGS -p 1 -timeout=20m | gocov-xml > report.xml

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The tyres have branding in the moulding. The drive shaft is modelled across the pivot point.
The Liebherr L 586 2plus2 is a large wheel loader with an operating weight of around 31 tonnes. The bucket capacity can be up to 5.5m³ and the tipping load is over 20 tonnes. It has hydrostatic drive technology and is noted for its efficiency and fuel economy.
The model configuration reflects a rock quarry application with a protection grille, Good Year rock tyres and 5m³ rock bucket.
It is in the colours of WRM-Reese, a German family-run aggregates company.
The L 586 comes in a nice Liebherr box. It is unusual for a Liebherr model as it has an opening flap which reveals the model sitting within foam rubber.
A simple instruction sheet describes how the debris guard can be fitted and removed from the windscreen, and a couple of wooden pointers are provided to help with the task.
Underneath the model, the detail is quite good with prop shafts and differentials modelled. The wheels have very good metal hubs and it is particularly pleasing to see that the heavily treaded tyres have 'Good Year' and the type designation moulded into the side walls.
The cab detailing is nice with windscreen wipers and mirrors and the glass is reproduced well inside delicate looking frames. The grab rails around the top of the cab are plastic. The access steps have a textured surface and have excellent fine gauge metal hand rails on each side. The plastic debris guard looks realistic.
At the rear the engine cover has some excellent grilles and other details within the casting.
The loader arms look authentic and some of the lift cylinders have hydraulic lines running to them although the colour match of the cylinder jackets is a slightly off to the painted metal parts.
The bucket is really nice with very good teeth and wear plates.
The Reese colour scheme is applied well and the graphics are sharp.
The rear axle has significant amount of pivot so it can be posed running over very rough terrain with all tyres grounded. The wheels share a common axle so they tend to turn as pairs.
The articulation to allow steering works well and an angle of about 30° can be obtained.
At the front the loader arms can lift the bucket to above the cab height and a good tipping angle can be obtained. The cylinders are stiff and hold any pose set.
The debris guard on the cab is removable although it was a loose fit on the review model.
This is a high quality model with few plastic parts. The build quality was slightly below that of previous versions of the L 586 which have been reviewed.
The paintwork and graphics are very good.
The L 586 is fair value for a limited edition.
This is a high quality wheel loader from NZG and the Reese colour scheme is an interesting variation.
The model was first presented in Liebherr's colours at the Nuremberg Toy Fair in 2008. Many liveries have been produced and this version appeared in a run of 300 models in the Winter 2013.
Windscreen with the debris guard removed.


text:
@msdemocrats chair @RickeyCole joins other Southern Dem chairs in letter against @BernieSanders
yallpolitics
Bernie faces Southern revolt
An influential group of Democrats is piling on Bernie Sanders for portraying Hillary Clinton's Southern victories as a product of a conservative region that is out of step with the rest of the country's thinking...
...In a stern, roughly 800-word letter sent Wednesday via post to Sanders' Burlington, Vermont, headquarters, a high-profile group that includes the Democratic Party chairs of South Carolina, Louisiana, Florida, Georgia, and Mississippi expresses its concern about his characterizations of the South, which they contend "minimize the importance of the voices of a core constituency for our party": African-Americans.
"We commend you on running a spirited campaign that has energized and mobilized a new generation of voters, but we are concerned about the way you and your campaign have characterized the South," write South Carolina Democratic Party Chairman Jaime Harrison, Louisiana Democratic Party Chairwoman Karen Carter Peterson, Florida Democratic Party Chairwoman Allison Tant, Democratic Party of Georgia Chairman DuBose Porter, Mississippi Democratic Party Chairman Rickey Cole, former South Carolina Gov. Jim Hodges, and former Democratic National Committee Chairman Don Fowler, each of whom now supports Clinton.
Read More at Y'all Politics
GOP Establishment Releases Propaganda Disguised as a Poll
Alan Lange: Political Entrepreneur


DeWitt Academia Chronograph Sequentiel Mens Watch 18K Solid Rose Gold and Titianum.
A fantastic fusion of beautiful materials – its bezel and back case are constructed in 18K solid rose gold, as well as a combination of titanium and crocodile leather. The numerals and hands are made of rose gold.
Mint Condition; owned by a wealthy collector and worn 3-4 times only.


When you think of Finland, do you immediately either think of Helsinki or Finnish Lapland? Basically, you just don't know what else the country has to offer? Trust me, I've been there! Up until I first visited Finland as part of the Nordic Bloggers' Experience last year, I had no clue what else is out there either. Turns out, though, Finland has loads of places that might surprise you. After having had a blast in the small town of Lahti, as well as Ruka-Kuusamo last year, I decided to head west this time around, to visit Turku - Finland's oldest and third largest city! Needless to say that Turku is one of those Finnish places that might totally surprise you. Read on to find out what there's to do and see when you visit Turku.
Have you ever visited somewhere at the "wrong" time of year but had an absolute blast anyway? When I asked locals about the best time to visit Southern Finland off-season, March was described as grey and dull to me. Of course, I had secretly hoped to still find snow around, and even though the odds for that were slim at best, late March was the only time slot I had available for my trip, so I went anyway. What can I say? Did I encounter snow on my visit? Yes. Was it as much as I'd hoped? No. Did I have a lovely time exploring Finland anyway? Abso-freakin-lutely!
The small town of Vennesla in Southern Norway is not exactly very well known, yet it has one super unique hike to offer that justifies a detour to the Kristiansand area or your spending a day longer in Kristiansand than you had planned: the old log flume Tømmerrenna! I've honestly never encountered a more exciting and stunning hike during all (so far it's 5) years in Norway and I'll definitely be back in Vennesla in summertime to do the hike all over again one day. Read on why the Tømmerrenna trail is a must when visiting Southern Norway!
Kristiansand is Norway's 5th largest city, situated in sunny Southern Norway (or as locals call it: "Norway's Riviera"). Not to be mistaken for Kristiansund - a much smaller town at the Atlantic Road between Trondheim and Ålesund - southern Kristiansand might be more popular among Norwegians looking for sunshine and warmth in their own country, than it is among international visitors. After having visited myself recently, I'd argue, though, that Kristiansand is a wonderfully charming city that offers the perfect combination of a city trip with plenty of opportunities for outdoor adventures, and I can only highly recommend you to visit next time you're in Norway!
Last week, while "everyone" else in Norway enjoyed their winter holidays skiing in the mountains, I made my way down to Kristiansand in Southern Norway – also known as "Norway's Riviera". This is where many Norwegians spend their summer holidays, but let me tell you: it's equally stunning in winter! Kristiansand makes for the perfect Nordic city trip – especially if you're looking to combine culture and cuisine with adventures in the Norwegian wilderness!
Going to the dentist in Norway ain't cheap - All you need to know!
So, I had to visit the dentist recently, for the first time since moving to Norway, and let me tell you - it ain't cheap! It's so expensive, in fact, that I briefly considered a trip to Poland to get my teeth fixed there… Luckily, I did manage to find an affordable way to visit the dentist in Norway though and I'm sharing all my money-saving secrets, along with more information on dental and healthcare in Norway in this video!
After 4 years of living in Norway and 3,5 years of dating a Norwegian, I thought it was about time to tell you everything I know about dating in Norway and more importantly, what Norwegian men (and women) are like! Of course, it's very difficult to generalize the dating culture in Norway, so this video is based on personal experiences. Hopefully it does give you a better idea of what to expect, though, if you plan on moving to Norway yourself!
It's prime Northern Lights season at the moment and it seems like every provider of Northern Lights safaris throughout Northern Norway, Swedish and Finnish Lapland, as well as Iceland, says that their destination is the best one to watch the Northern Lights – for so many different, not always actually entirely true, reasons. Thus, I thought I'd talk about some common Northern Lights myths I've encountered recently with you in this video!
How to visit Norway sustainably!
Does Pulpit Rock really need even more visitors? Let me know what you think about sustainable tourism in Norway in this post!
Bergen is such a lovely gem at the west coast of Norway and even though it's Norway's second biggest city, it's extremely compact and cosy! You can walk almost anywhere and 2 days are plenty of time to see most of what the city has to offer! I got to visit Bergen back in February and the city did not hold up to its reputation as Norway's rainiest place - it didn't rain one bit during my stay. Instead, the city was covered in snow - which, to be honest, made it even more beautiful!
Long story short, I thought I knew the true meaning of "winter wonderland" from what I've experienced in Tromsø these past few years. Little did I know, though, that there's one place that takes snow to a whole new level: Ruka-Kuusamo in Finnish Lapland! Read on to find out why the area might very well be the most stunning part of Finland - and why the country needs more than just 1 word for snow!
Now, it might be the yummy cuisine of Finland or maybe just all those views and nature, but Finns seem like a very happy people - and I could totally picture myself living in Helsinki!While that's probably never going to happen as my brain doesn't seem willing to learn a 7th language - at least if the language in question is Finnish - I did have the pleasure to get a taste for what life as a Finn is like in Ruka-Kuusamo!
It took me ages but I can finally cross Finland off my bucket list! I visited the country with the Nordic Blogger's Experience* last month and got to experience some pretty stunning places. First and foremost, however, I got to visit the Nordic capital city that everyone in our Scandinavia & Nordics Facebook group is always raving about: gorgeous Helsinki!In this post, I'd like to take you on a quick tour around the city by means of my new vlog, and give you suggestions on what to see, do and eat if you only have one day in Helsinki!
On my recent trip to Finland, I finally got to meet Silvia from Heart My Backpack in person! She moved to Norway over 2 years ago and has written loads of travel advice for anyone interested in visiting Norway on her blog!Are you interested to hear our 9 insider tips on all things visiting Norway - from when and where to visit, to what to eat, how to travel on a budget and what social norms to follow on your trip?
Before heading to my parents' house in Germany, Simon and I decided to spend a few days in Berlin to check out the Christmas markets there and do a bit of last-minute Christmas shopping.While Berlin has, of course, loads of Christmas markets to choose from, we visited the Nordic-themed Lucia Market and it was hands-down the best market we've been to during this entire Vlogmas!
Haugesund is a fishing town situated halfway between Bergen and Stavanger, in Karmøy municipality of Rogaland county of Norway. It's just 2-hour drive from here, making it the perfect place for a day trip! The town itself is super charming. Very similar to Stavanger when it comes to architecture, weather and views, but without all the crowds. See it for yourself in my Vlogmas video!
You might have heard it by now, but 4 months ago, I left the city of Tromsø, that was my expat home for 3 years, to move to Stavanger at the west coast of Norway - mainly because I just couldn't deal with polar night anymore!Now that I've got to know the city a bit better and have lived here for a while, I thought it was time for a little update, and, of course, for a little more insight into what life in Stavanger actually is like!
After our day exploring stunning Mjelle Beach and Kjerringøy near Bodø this summer, we couldn't not explore more of the city itself! While my boyfriend Simon has grown up in the area and knows the city well already, I had only been there once after an extremely nauseating experience on board of the express boat from Lofoten.


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Camper van and cars go up in flames in arson attack in Clase, Swansea
A camper van and two cars were destroyed in incidents being treated as suspicious
Nino Williams
A camper van goes up in flames on Long View Road, Clase, following suspected arson (Image: Chris East)
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Three vehicles went up in flames in a series of suspect arson attacks overnight in Swansea.
Fire crews were called to three separate incidents in Clase in the early hours of Tuesday morning, where they extinguished fires on two cars, and a camper van.
Mid and West Wales Fire and Rescue Service say they are treating the fires as deliberate.
Resident Susan Smith lives adjacent to a property on Long View Road where the mobile home was destroyed by fire.
She said: "I was awoken around 2am by the horn of the camper van going off.
"I could see through the curtains an orange glow, and when I opened it I saw the camper van alight.
"My concern was there may have been gas cannisters on it. The fire crews came and evacuated us.
The fire burns on Long View Road, Clase (Image: Chris East)
Neighbours were evacuated while fire crews dealt with the blaze (Image: Chris East)
"I think they were concerned there might be someone in the van.
"There was a lot of debris floating around, and it burned my garden fence and plants and other items in my garden.
"It was a terrifying experience".
In addition to the camper van, a car was torched on Elan Avenue. A third vehicle was also destroyed on Caemawr.
The destroyed camper van (Image: Chris East)
Mynyddbach councillor Gloria Tanner said: "Unfortunately, I am not shocked by this because there has been a lot of anti-social behaviour on the Clase estate recently.
"It has been quite bad, and it has been increasing.
"There are gangs of youths who are intimidating younger children, although we can't necessarily blame them for this.
"Councillors in the ward are hoping to be able to fund some CCTV cameras around the roundabouts, and I have been in discussion with the cabinet member about what we can do.
"Unfortunately, everything is taking normal than usual because of the current coronavirus circumstances.
"But I am very concerned about this behaviour. Arson is extremely serious and it could be someone's home next".
A car was also destroyed on Elan Avenue (Image: Media Wales)
Mid and West Wales Fire and Rescue Service spokesman said: "In the early hours of Tuesday, September 15, crews from Morriston attended three separate vehicle fires, in the Clase area of Swansea, which are reported to be deliberate.
"Incidents included, two private motor vehicles and one mobile home.
"Crews extinguished the fires using hose reel jets and breathing apparatus. Police were also in attendance.
"Crews left the scene just after 4am".
South Wales Police has been asked to comment.
IYA Alert County


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Q: Connected subgraph from several strongly connected components Suppose, given a connected directed graph G, with several strongly connected components in it: G1, G2, ... All of them are known and there is a function f : Gi -> bool that returns true for some of them and false from others.
Now lets take all Gi, such that f(Gi) is true and ignore others. Is there some easy approach to build connected subgraph in G, containing all of them, and minimal number of other edges from G?

A: Make condensation and then make spanning tree in subgraph f(Gi) = true of this condensation. Hint, condensation is always partially ordered which makes spanning tree construction easier.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I just installed the newly released Java for Mac OS X 10.6 Update 2 and IDEA is now crashing on me frequently when I paste code from one document to another (console log attached).
I've reported the problem to JetBrains and it seems to be an Apple issue, just wondered if other users are having the same problem?
It also crashes when I go View->File Structure Popup (or CMD+F12) and seems to be related to popup dialogs rather than pasting.
Occurs on pasting when the pasted code includes imports not in current document - hence triggering a popup.
Verified on two separate machines so I assume it effects all user of Java for Mac OS X 10.6 Update 2.


That was the big message from programmers at AIDC.
They want Aussie stories, Aussie characters and Aussie talent.
By and large, imports just don't hit the hot buttons any more.
That's all well and good. But there's a commercial sweet spot for programs that appeal locally AND are exportable.
What if Aussie viewers want such intensely local stories that they draw little-to-no interest in the international market??
And how do such Aussie-only docs get funded?
Those are the issues underlying this week's Case Study, where we cover the ABC's #1 documentary hit of recent years, ABBA Bang a Boomerang from Gulliver Media & Bright Film.
The star of the Swedish glam rock band was fading when they toured Australia in the mid-Seventies.
Their Eurovision Song Contest victory was losing its lustre.
Their arrival Down Under coincided with Australia's switch in 1975 from B&W to Color TV.
The public broadcaster ABC had launched the teen-targeted Countdown: It was a pop music show hosted by Ian "Molly" Meldrum that mixed live studio performances and video clips.
Meldrum's Countdown was an early programmer of the music video format.
ABBA was also a pioneer of the directed music video. The band's inventive glitter rock videos were a perfect match for both Australia's new color TVs and Meldrum's format.
Meldrum also loved the song 'Mama Mia' which had been released on an LP. He persuaded his teenage audience to flood EMI with petitions to release the song as a single.
EMI relented, released the single, and 'Mama Mia' shot to #1 on the Aussie charts and stayed there for 11 weeks.
EMI drew inspiration from the Australian experience, and released 'Mama Mia' as a single worldwide. It went Gold, and thanks to Molly Meldrum and the ABC's Countdown ABBA enjoyed several more years in the glitter-sphere.
A whole new generation of Aussies discovered ABBA in P.J. Hogan's 1994 romantic/sad comedy Muriel's Wedding.
Here is the clip that nailed it for Muriel's.
Muriel's was a uniquely beloved hit in Australia where it drew movie-goers of all ages.
It also launched the careers of two wonderful actors who went on to earn Oscar nominations for their future work. They were Rachel Griffiths, who is one of my gorgeous nieces, and Toni Collette who we most recently enjoyed in Hitchcock as the great man's personal assistant.
Muriel's box office was respectable outside Australia. More importantly, the movie enjoyed a cult following that helped solidify ABBA as a music act for the ages.
The budget for ABBA Bang a Boomerang was A$500,000.
ABBA's 2+ million audience was the highest-rated ABC program in 2+ years.
Initially broadcast at primetime on Wednesday, it was repeated 2 days later to very respectable ratings.
SVT Sweden has produced a 3-part ABBA doc.
It's in English for worldwide distribution.
The issue of local versus global is relevant in every market that is balanced between its viewers' appetite for original, local programs and the economics of cheaper imports.
That's true for established markets like the UK, Canada, Germany and many others.
But true also for numerous emerging markets where global brands like Nat Geo, A+E and Discovery are striving to bring local content into their programming mix.
National or regional funding programs are critical to the mix. The model may work in Australia and Canada due to an array of grants and tax benefits. The model doesn't work in the comparably-sized Taiwan market because of the absence of such funding programs.
After AIDC, Screen Australia's Liz Stevens kindly shared a summary of programs that fund docs.
Screen Australia's client is the Australian producer.
Treaty and unofficial co-pros must be arranged through an Australian production company.
Screen Australia does not invest in programs such as reality or magazine television, infotainment, current affairs, cooking, 'how to', sports programs, or projects whose primary market is the education sector.
Limited funds for the development of documentary projects by experienced practitioners.
Projects will have a sense of cultural ambition and higher budget scale.
Funding for quality, audience-engaging projects that have cultural relevance, based on matched funding with a domestic broadcaster's licence fee.
Focused on projects which are bold in form and/or content, with a strong creative vision.
Broadcast presales, while acceptable, are not a prerequisite.
Includes interactive and multiplatform projects.
Limited to $200,000 per project.
Special initiatives may be offered from time to time, such as Opening Shot.
Australian states and territories also fund docs.
Wikipedia's profile of Countdown is a good read, particularly in recognizing the show's cultural importance in showcasing local acts.
And don't miss our copro Case Study from West Australia: Dino Stampede – An ABC Commission Triggers a Cascade of Tax Benefits and International Licenses.


Intex Indie 15 has a capacitive touch screen which is more responsive than a resistive (not so sensitive) touchscreen.
Around 50% more RAM than Intex Indie 15. More RAM means more applications can run at the same time, which makes the device faster.
Around 100% more inbuilt memory than Intex Indie 15. More memory allows you to store more songs, videos, photos and install more applications.


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Category:Nelson, Edward G.
Works by this person are most likely not public domain within the EU and in those countries where the copyright term is life+70 years. They may also be protected by copyright in the USA, unless published before 1928, in which case they are PD there as well. However, this person's works are public domain in Canada (where IMSLP is hosted), and in other countries where the copyright term is life+50 years. IMSLP does not assume any sort of legal responsibility or liability for the consequences of downloading files that are not in the public domain in your country.
Edward G. Nelson
(18 March 1885 — 1969)
Detailed biography: None given
MusicSack
Compositions (7)
Compositions by: Nelson, Edward G.
The Biggest Thing in a Soldier's Life Is the Letter that Comes from Home (Nelson, Edward G.)
The Greatest Thing that Came from France (Nelson, Edward G.)
Minnehaha (Nelson, Edward G.)
Pretty Kitty Kelly (Nelson, Edward G.)
Welcome Home (Nelson, Edward G.)
When Yankee Doodle Learns to 'parlez vous français' (Nelson, Edward G.)
You're Not My First Little Girl (Nelson, Edward G.)
Collaborations with: Nelson, Edward G.
All for the Love of Mike (Pease, Harry)
County Kerry Mary (Pease, Harry)
Fancy Nancy Clancy (Pease, Harry)
For Every Boy Who's on the Level (Pease, Harry)
I'll Give Back Your Kisses (Nelson, Edward G.)
I'm Not Jealous (Nelson, Edward G.)
In the Old Town Hall (Pease, Harry)
In the Town Where I Was Born (Pease, Harry)
Mickey O'Neil (Nelson, Edward G.)
My Gal (Nelson, Edward G.)
The Pal that I Loved Stole the Gal that I Loved (Pease, Harry)
Peggy O'Neil (Pease, Harry)
Say It with Flowers (Pease, Harry)
Ten Little Fingers and Ten Little Toes (Schuster, Ira)
Why Do They Always Say 'No' (Nelson, Edward G.)
You Ought to See Her Now (Pease, Harry)
Retrieved from "http://imslp.org/index.php?title=Category:Nelson,_Edward_G.&oldid=3174493"
PeopleNonPD-USandEU
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text:
Home Ghana Politics World Business Entertainment People Real Estate Yen Awards Sports
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I have contributed towards the National Cathedral; everyone should also contribute - Bawumia
Monday, August 23, 2021 at 10:12 AM by Priscilla Aklorbortu
Bawumia has stated that he has contributed for the construction of the National Cathedral
He has however called on others to voluntarily contribute theirs to help put up the place of prayer
According to him, the structure is for Ghana and to the glory of God
Accra - The Vice President, Dr Mahamadu Bawumia, has stated that he has made his contribution towards the construction of the National Cathedral.
He has however called on the Presbyterian Church of Ghana and other faith-based organizations to voluntarily contribute theirs to help put up the place of prayer.
In a 3news report, it is stated that Bawumia made this known while addressing the congregation at the Presbyterian Church of Ghana at Adabraka Official Town to celebrate the 30 years of ministry.
I have contributed towards the National Cathedral; everyone should also contribute - Bawumia Photo credit: Mahamadu Bawumia (modified by author)
Dr Bawumia acknowledged the immense contribution of the Presbyterian Church of Ghana in partnering government for development and also lauded the role of faith-based organisations for helping develop the country.
You need a license to kill a grasscutter as nationwide ban on hunting begins
"... I have contributed and I will contribute more so I encourage everybody to think about it and let us build it. It is not for anybody, it is for Ghana and for the glory of God," he said.
$50million raised so far to build National Cathedral
So far, $50million has been raised for the construction of the National Cathedral.
This was revealed by the Head of the Church Relations with the National Cathedral project, Rev Ameyaw Ebenezer Saka when he was questioned on how much has been raised so far..
The amount raised so far is exactly half the target money of $100million needed to complete the building project.
Rev. Saka encouraged the general public to keep sending their voluntary contributions to ensure the smooth completion of the project.
Ketoa Biaa Nsua GHC100 donation to build National Cathedral
Over 100-year old Tulsa survivors leave USA to become Ghanaian citizens
In a bid to get a total of one million dollars and over to put up the national Cathedral, the government is appealing to Ghanaians to support with a monthly contribution of GHC100.
Finance Minister, Ken Ofori-Atta, says this would go a long way to help with the completion of the much-talked-about edifice to be ready for commissioning by March 6, 2024.
He made this known during the presentation of the 2021 mid-year budget review in Parliament on Thursday, July 29, 2021.
University of education Sandra ankobiah Richest drummers Africa Cup of Nations Mona Gucci
Managers of Spintex Road China Mall, Sneda Shopping and Junction Mall Shoprite arrested for evading tax
5 reasons behind tribal scars custom in Ghana
Photos: UK-based pastor pays surgical bills for veteran actor
"Precious and beautiful": Little girl blessed with shining black skin goes viral, photos trend on Facebook
"Lost my lovely mom" - Comedian SDK sadly announces barely 1 year after his dad passed
Mahama says gold for oil agreement must be sent to Parliament for scrutiny as it lacks transparency


We're all inspired by color and one of my favorites is teal!
The southern tradition of painting porch ceilings blue (or in this case teal) is a wonderful way to add a little color to your home, especially if you have a house like this!
White house. Teal door. Divine.
Then again brighter teal is kinda delightful too!
Isn't this a brave color combo!? I love it!
But here, the teal blue is a softer color and more subtle even though it's everywhere…isn't this the epitome of dreamy?
If you like color inspiration- I've got you covered on Pinterest!
I love teal. Great pics and ideas. Thinking of painting my porch overhang teal.
I'm inspired by teal too! What beautiful photos you've rounded up. Oh my!! Love them all.
That sailboat, that barn and that bathtub…just beautiful!
Teal is one of the colours I love too.


What is the Online Debate Network?
Why do I have to register to participate in the forums?
What if I have never debated online before? Can I still participate?
Do you practice Parliamentary or Lincoln/Douglas Debate?
How do you know who won the debate?
What do I do if someone constantly harasses me and personally insults me?
Can I submit resources or links to the Online Debate Network?
What is the "ODN Regular" usergroup?
What is a "Private Group"?
How do I join the ODN Chess Club?
The explanations here are those that are not found with the General vB FAQ section.
How do you quote other members?


Muscular weakness and muscle wasting may often be observed in critically ill patients on intensive care units (ICUs) and may present as failure to wean from mechanical ventilation. Importantly, mounting data demonstrate that mechanical ventilation itself may induce progressive dysfunction of the main respiratory muscle, i.e. the diaphragm. The respective condition was termed 'ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction' (VIDD) and should be distinguished from peripheral muscular weakness as observed in 'ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW)'.
Interestingly, VIDD and ICU-AW may often be observed in critically ill patients with, e.g. severe sepsis or septic shock, and recent data demonstrate that the pathophysiology of these conditions may overlap. VIDD may mainly be characterized on a histopathological level as disuse muscular atrophy, and data demonstrate increased proteolysis and decreased protein synthesis as important underlying pathomechanisms. However, atrophy alone does not explain the observed loss of muscular force. When, e.g. isolated muscle strips are examined and force is normalized for cross-sectional fibre area, the loss is disproportionally larger than would be expected by atrophy alone. Nevertheless, although the exact molecular pathways for the induction of proteolytic systems remain incompletely understood, data now suggest that VIDD may also be triggered by mechanisms including decreased diaphragmatic blood flow or increased oxidative stress. Here we provide a concise review on the available literature on respiratory muscle weakness and VIDD in the critically ill. Potential underlying pathomechanisms will be discussed before the background of current diagnostic options. Furthermore, we will elucidate and speculate on potential novel future therapeutic avenues.
Berger, D., Bloechlinger, S., von Haehling, S., Doehner, W., Takala, J., Z'Graggen, W. J., and Schefold, J. C. (2016) Dysfunction of respiratory muscles in critically ill patients on the intensive care unit. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 7: 403–412. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12108.


Dr. Bazow is Director for Advanced Systems Technology in Metron's Advanced Mathematics Applications (AMA) Division. Dr. Bazow is responsible for research and development in advanced algorithms, information processing, sensor exploitation and systems engineering for manned and unmanned platforms with focus on Department of Defense applications.
Dr. Bazow joined Metron in 1996 and prior to his current role has served as Senior Manager, Senior Analyst and Analyst where he led the development and transition of innovations in (1) information processing technologies including data fusion, and threat detection, tracking & classification; and (2) theoretical, algorithmic and experimental methods for sensor, target and environmental modeling for maritime and undersea applications. Sponsoring agencies for this research includes PEO IWS5, ONR, NRL, DARPA, PMS 406 and Missile Defense Agency.
Dr. Bazow is leading Metron's efforts in information processing for development of Detection, Classification and Localization (DCL) systems. He is the principal investigator (PI) for Metron's efforts in active undersea warfare, mine countermeasures and maritime port security. Dr. Bazow leads a team in the research, design and deployment of advanced sensor processing algorithms and software for the surface combatant Mid Frequency Active (MFA) and Low Frequency Active (LFA) anti-submarine warfare systems. Under numerous ONR Future Naval Capabilities and Discovery & Invention programs, Dr. Bazow led the development and transition of innovations in in situ data driven environmental adaptation, multiple target tracking and high dimensional feature processing that extended the state-of-practice of active surveillance systems.
Dr. Bazow is PI for the design, implementation and deployment of the Post Mission Analysis (PMA) software for the PMS 406 Knifefish unmanned underwater synthetic aperture minehunting system. Innovative algorithms for synthetic array processing, target detection and target identification were designed, developed and integrated into the Knifefish PMA software for automated mine detection and classification. Dr. Bazow is also leading Metron's effort in simulation, modeling and performance analysis for the Knifefish system.
For the DARPA Cross-Domain Maritime Surveillance and Targeting (CDMaST) program, Dr. Bazow led the development of cross-domain fusion and tracking algorithms for large scale system-of-systems (SOS) architectures. He also developed cutting-edge acoustic and non-acoustic platform sensing concepts and performance models for exploitation, design and assessment of SOS architectures.
Dr. Bazow was the PI for DARPA's Predictive Analysis for Naval Deployment Activities (PANDA) program to develop a maritime surface vessel anomaly detection system in support of Maritime Domain Awareness. As the technical lead he researched and designed algorithms for (1) motion-based pattern learning to develop models for normal vessel behavior, (2) prediction and activity monitoring to detect behavior that is inconsistent with the envelope of normal operations, and (3) normalcy score broker to fuse scores from multiple activity monitoring algorithms for system level threat monitoring.
Dr. Bazow employed by Arete Engineering Technologies Corporation (AETC) from 1993 to 1996 and by Atlantic Research Corporation (ARC), formerly ORI, Inc. from 1983 to 1993.


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Shahnaz B. Jamal
BSc, JD
www.jamallaw.ca
Shahnaz received her Bachelor of Science degree in Biopsychology from the University of British Columbia in 1998 and her Bachelor of Laws degree in 2002 from the University of Calgary. After articling with a national law firm, she was called to the bar in Alberta in 2003 and in British Columbia in 2004.
Shahnaz was an associate with a boutique family law firm from March 2005 to September 2008 in the Fraser Valley and now runs her own practice with 3 associate lawyers and 4 locations in Vancouver, Northshore, Langley, and Prince George.
Shahnaz practices in the area of Family Law and is a certified Family Law Mediator, Arbitrator and Parenting Coordinator. She also serves as a volunteer for the Ismaili Conciliation and Arbitration Board BC as a member and mediator, as well as the Ismaili Legal Professionals alliance of BC as Vice Chair, and she is an inactive member with the Law Society of Alberta.
Shahnaz was born and raised in North Vancouver, has resided in Fraser Valley, and is now settled in the Coal Harbour area of downtown Vancouver.


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Home › Culture › Just Mercy Trailer Tease Released Featuring Michael B. Jordan and Jamie Foxx
Just Mercy Trailer Tease Released Featuring Michael B. Jordan and Jamie Foxx
3rd September 2019 by BOTWC Staff
Warner Bros. just shared a first look trailer tease of the new Just Mercy film based on the New York Times best-selling memoir by the same name. In it, Bryan Stevenson, a civil rights defense attorney and founder of the Equal Justice Initiative, fights on behalf of the wrongly condemned and death-row prisoners trapped in the criminal justice system. The film follows Stevenson's first case, Walter McMillian, a Black man who was sentenced to death for a crime he didn't commit.
Cast members include Michael B. Jordan, Jamie Foxx, Brie Larson, Rob Morgan, Tim Blake Nelson, Rafe Spall and O'Shea Jackson Jr.
Check it out and set your calendars for the film's release this December!
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While browsing recipes for Valentine's Day I came across a few pink velvet cupcake recipes and was fascinated because it looked very pleasant and special. I went through some of these recipes and wasn't satisfied for one reason or the other.
That's when I decided to change my eggless vanilla cupcake recipe a bit and bake these gorgeous eggless pink velvet cupcakes. I had some silken tofu at home and wanted to incorporate that too in the recipe. So made some tweaks to my original cupcake recipe.
These no egg pink velvet cupcakes turned out better than what I expected. The only thing that could have been better was the color because I didn't get the pink color which I saw in the other recipes. I guess I should have added few more drops of the food coloring.
Valentine's Day or a baby shower these cute looking pink velvet cupcakes will surely be the talk of the party.
Preheat oven to 350F/180C for 15 minutes. Line a 12 cup muffin tin with paper liners or lightly grease it non-stick cooking spray.
In a large bowl whisk together the ingredients in Part 1 and make a well.
In a medium sized bowl mix together the ingredients listed in Part 2 except the food coloring and beat it with an electric beater. The mixture will look curdled and it's ok.
Now pour the wet mix into the flour well and stir well using a wooden spoon or spatula. Do not use an electric beater for this. Add some water in small increments if the batter is too thick. Add the food coloring. You may have to add more drops depending upon the shade of pink you want.
Fill each muffin cup with batter about 3/4ths full. Bake it for about 14-16 minutes or until a toothpick inserted in the center of the cupcake comes out clean. Mine was done in 15 minutes.
Remove the pan from the oven and place it on a wire rack for about 10 minutes. Then take the cupcakes out of the pan and place it on the cooling rack to cool completely before frosting.
I should have used more red food coloring to get the pink hue I was expecting.
I used store bought frosting to frost these cupcakes. Apply a thin layer of frosting on the cooled cupcakes and dip it in colored sprinkles. Frost and decorate as you wish. I kept mine very simple.


Although it's never fallen out of favour, the parka is back in the spotlight this season and it's fast becoming your staple piece of outerwear.
– Fabulously functional, the coat draws on a number of decades for inspiration, from the mods of the 60s to outdoorsy 90s feels.
– This season refresh the coat silhouette with feminine accents like LBDs and bell sleeve details, or add embroidery details for an intricate nod.
– Dress down tailored jumpsuits with faux fur lined parkas, or keep it classic with the button down style, pairing with ripped jeans for the ultimate grunge look.


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Sesam (Sesamum indicum; Synonym: Sesamum orientale) ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Familie der Sesamgewächse (Pedaliaceae). Er ist eine weit verbreitete Kulturpflanze und vermutlich eine der ersten gezielt angebauten Ölpflanzen.

Wortherkunft
Das Wort "Sesam" wurde ins Deutsche spätestens im 16. Jahrhundert entlehnt aus  und ähnlichen Formen, die aus  und ähnlichen Formen übernommen worden waren, wohin sie wahrscheinlich aus einer semitischen Sprache gelangten.

Beschreibung

Sesam ist eine einjährige, krautige Pflanze, die Wuchshöhen von 10 bis 120, selten bis 180 Zentimeter erreicht und verzweigt oder unverzweigt vorkommt. Die Stängel sind stumpf viereckig, gefurcht und kahl bis fein behaart und häufig besetzt mit Drüsen.

Die sehr variablen, drüsenbesetzten und fein behaarten, gestielten Laubblätter sind gegen- oder wechselständig angeordnet. Die unteren Blätter sind eiförmig bis eiförmig-lanzettlich, die oberen dreiteilig gefiedert oder gelappt, 4 bis 20 Zentimeter lang, 2 bis 10 Zentimeter breit, am Ansatz gerundet bis stumpf, spitz zulaufend und am Rand gezähnt bis ganz. Die Blattstiele sind 3 bis 11 Zentimeter lang. Die oberen Blätter sind kurzgestielt mit 0,5 bis 3 Zentimeter Länge. Die oberen Blätter sind mit 0,5 bis 2,5 Zentimeter Breite schlanker, ganzrandig und länglich-lanzettlich bis linealisch-lanzettlich. Die Nebenblätter fehlen.

Die Blüten erscheinen achselständig in kleinen Büscheln. Die gestielten, eher unangenehm duftenden, zwittrigen Blüten sind fünfzählig mit doppelter Blütenhülle und weiß oder rosa bis purpur. Es sind jeweils zwei Tragblätter vorhanden. Der behaarte Kelch ist bleibend, die ungleichen Kelchzipfel sind länglich und 2 bis 5 Millimeter lang. Die außen drüsig behaarte, trichterförmige Krone mit kurzen Lappen ist 1,5 bis 3,3 Zentimeter lang, der untere Mittellappen ist vergrößert. Im Schlund sind oft Saftmale vorhanden. Die 4 didynamischen Staubfäden sind unbehaart. Die Staubbeutel sind 2 bis 3 Millimeter lang. Es ist ein Staminodium vorhanden oder es fehlt. Der oberständige, behaarte und zweikammerige, gelappte Fruchtknoten ist 1 bis 1,5 Millimeter lang und behaart, die Narbe ist zweilappig. Es ist ein Diskus vorhanden. Am Blüten- bzw. Fruchtstiel sind extraflorale Nektarien vorhanden.

Die Frucht ist eine länglich-quadratische, fein behaarte und mit Drüsen besetzte, gelappte, spitze, 1,5 bis 3,5 Zentimeter lange und 6 bis 7 Millimeter breite, vielsamige, lokulizidale Kapsel. Die abgeflachten Samen sind 2,5 bis 3 Millimeter lang und 1,5 Millimeter breit und variieren farblich von schwarz, braun, gelblich bis weiß.

Die Chromosomenzahl beträgt 2n = 26.

Verbreitung
Sesam ist ursprünglich in Teilen Indiens heimisch. Angebaut wird er heute in tropischen und subtropischen Gebieten weltweit.

Geschichte
Der kultivierte Sesam stammt von Sesamum malabaricum oder S. mulayanum aus Südasien ab, besonders von der Malabarküste, dem nordwestlichen Indien und dem pakistanischen Punjab. Sesam wurde ab der Mitte oder dem Ende des dritten Jahrtausends v. Chr. in Südindien domestiziert. Von hier gelangte er in der Bronzezeit über den Seeweg nach Arabien und Mesopotamien.

Indischer Subkontinent
Aus der Indus-Kultur ist Sesam nur aus Harappa bekannt, mit einem ungefähren Datum von 3050–3500 v. Chr. (Tell F, Schnitt IV, Stratum V, Befund P8). Im Laufe des 2. Jahrtausends hatte sich Sesam in weiten Teilen Indiens ausgebreitet. In seinem Leben des Apollonius von Tyana beschreibt Philostratus indisches Getreide, Bohnen und Sesamkörner, die alle besonders groß waren (Vita Apollonii: 3.5).

Arabien und Mesopotamien

Funde in Mesopotamien erbrachten den Nachweis von Sesam vor 2000 v. Chr.

Die Identifikation von Sesam in Schriftquellen ist problematisch. Bei dem sumerischen še-giš-ì, akkadischen šamaššammū, hurritischen šumišumi, ugaritischen ssmn, hethitischen sapsama kann es sich um Sesam, aber auch um Flachs (Lein) handeln. Das verwandte arabische Wort  bedeutet "Sesam", aber Bedigian und Harlan halten es für möglich, dass sich die Bedeutung "Ölfrucht" allmählich auf Sesam eingeengt hat. Sumerische Texte erwähnen še-giš-ì seit der Mitte des 3. Jahrtausends.

In Hajar al-Rayhani wurde Sesam über Abdrücke in Keramik nachgewiesen.

Afrika
Vermutungen, dass es Sesam bereits früh in Afrika gab, haben sich nicht bestätigt. Altägyptische Funde sind zweifelhaft, Sesam in Ägypten während der griechischen Zeit (4.–1. Jahrhundert v. Chr.) gilt als wahrscheinlich. Die frühesten Spuren von Sesam weiter südlich fanden sich im nubischen Ort Qasr Ibrim zwischen 300 und 500 n. Chr., die Pflanze könnte also von den Römern eingeführt worden sein. Ansonsten scheint die Pflanze erst seit der jüngsten Zeit in Afrika vorzukommen.

Europa
Mineralisierte Sesamkörner aus samnitischer Zeit stammen aus Pompeii, zusammen mit Feigen, Hirse und Weintrauben.

Amerika
In Amerika wurde Sesam durch die Europäer eingeführt, vermutlich im Zuge des Sklavenhandels. Früheste Belege aus Surinam stammen von ca. 1687 aus dem Herbar Hendrik Meyers. Der schwedische Botaniker Daniel Rolander berichtet 1755, dass die Sklaven Sesam in ihren Gärten anbauten.

Verwendung

Die Samen, das Öl und die Wurzel des Sesams werden für therapeutische und kulinarische Zwecke verwendet. Die ölreichen Samen des Sesams werden zu Sesamöl verarbeitet, das vor allem zum Kochen verwendet wird – aus gerösteten Samen gepresst auch als würzende Zutat (z. B. japanisch Gomashio, koreanisch Kkaesogeum). Die ganzen Samen dienen – oft geröstet – zur Verfeinerung von Backwaren und zum Würzen von Speisen. Sesam gehört zu den selenreichsten Lebensmitteln (800 µg/100 g). Darüber hinaus enthält Sesam mit über 700 mg pro 100 g eine beachtliche Menge Calcium. Sesam ist ein starkes Allergen und muss als deklarationspflichtiges Allergen bei verarbeiteten Lebensmitteln auch bei geringsten Mengen in der Zutatenliste angegeben werden.

Weitere Verwendungen:
 Tahina, eine Paste aus gemahlenen Sesamsamen in der arabischen Küche und wichtiger Bestandteil von Hummus und Baba Ganoush
 Dukkah, eine aus Ägypten und Nordafrika stammende Nuss-Sesam-Mischung, die mit Olivenöl gemischt als Dip für Fladenbrot, als Topping auf Salaten oder als Panade genutzt wird.
 Zhi ma jiang, chinesische Sesampaste aus geröstetem Sesam
 Sesamriegel, ein handlicher Snack, für den ganze Sesamkörner mit Honig oder Zucker verarbeitet werden

Als Heilmittel dient das aus den reifen Samen durch Kaltpressung oder Extraktion und nachfolgende Raffination gewonnene fette Öl. Die Wirkstoffe sind Ölsäure und Linolsäure, daneben Palmitinsäure, Stearinsäure, Lignane, Sesamin, Sesamolin, Sterole.

Pharmazeutisch nutzt man Sesamöl in Salben. Es erleichtert das Ablösen von Hautschorf und Krusten und hat allgemein pflegende Eigenschaften bei trockener Haut. In Injektionslösungen ist es als Lösungsmittel für fettlösliche Arzneimittel in Gebrauch. Das in Spuren enthaltene Sesamol besitzt zusammen mit Pyrethrum eine synergetische Wirkung in Insektenbekämpfungsmitteln.

Die Maroons in Surinam bauen Sesam an, um die Körner in religiösen Zeremonien zu verwenden, und um den vampirischen Azeman fernzuhalten.

Die in der koreanischen Küche zum Einwickeln von Bulgogi, Galbi oder Samgyeopsal verwendeten "Sesamblätter" (깻닢) sind nicht Blätter der Sesampflanze, sondern der Pflanze Perilla, die wegen der ähnlichen Blattform auch als "wilder Sesam" bezeichnet wird.

Durchschnittliche Zusammensetzung
Je 100 g essbarem Anteil:

Anbau
Im Sudan wird die Pflanze im März gesät, wenn zwei Ernten angestrebt werden, oder in April/Juni für eine Ernte. Sesam hat lange Wurzeln und ist damit sehr trockenheitsresistent.

Wirtschaftliche Bedeutung

2021 wurden laut der Ernährungs- und Landwirtschaftsorganisation FAO weltweit 6.354.477 t Sesamsamen geerntet.

Folgende Tabelle gibt eine Übersicht über die zehn größten Produzenten von Sesamsamen weltweit, die insgesamt 78,9 % der Erntemenge produzierten.

Belastete Produkte
In ihrer Märzausgabe der Zeitschrift test von 2021 berichtet die Stiftung Warentest von Sesam-Produkten, die mit giftigem Ethylenoxid-Gas belastet sind. Dieses Gas wird verwendet, um Keime abzutöten. Das Gas Ethylenoxid ist krebserregend und erbgutverändernd. Für sein Abbauprodukt 2-Chlorethanol gibt es Hinweise darauf. Es ist in der EU verboten, kommt aber in Produkten aus Indien durchaus noch vor. In Deutschland hat das Portal Lebensmittelwarnung.de seit September 2020 mehr als 40 Rückrufe veröffentlicht. Auch die Seite Produktwarnung.eu veröffentlichte zahlreiche Rückrufe für Produkte, die belastete Sesamsamen enthielten, z. B. Burger-Buns, Knäckebrot, Brotaufstrich und so weiter. Sollte als Herkunftsland Indien auf der Packung stehen, rät Stiftung Warentest vom Verzehr ab. Infolge wurden durch das Bundesamt für Lebensmittelsicherheit und Veterinärwesen auch in der Schweiz zahlreiche Rückrufe veröffentlicht und neue Lieferungen erst freigegeben, wenn die Analyse zeigte, dass sie unbelastet sind. Bisher wurden Lebensmittel in der EU und der Schweiz nicht auf Ethylenoxid getestet.

Literatur
 E. A. Bruce: Pedaliaceae. In: . 1953.

 Petra Kolip: Sesam. (Mandelbaums kleine Gourmandisen, Nr. 40) Mandelbaum, Wien 2021.
 Ingrid und Peter Schönfelder: Das neue Buch der Heilpflanzen. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-440-12932-6.
 Dorothea Bedigian: Sesame. CRC Press, 2010, ISBN 978-0-8493-3538-9.
 T. K. Lim: Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants. Volume 4: Fruits, Springer, 2012, ISBN 978-94-007-4052-5, S. 187–219.

Weblinks

 Sesamum indicum bei PROTA.

Einzelnachweise

Sesamgewächse
Ölsamen
Fruchtgewürz
Wurzelgewürz
Schalenobst
Heilpflanze


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What better way to prepare to be everything that God wants each of us to be, than with a 'Daniel' prayer and fast.