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By Gil Asakawa | February 11, 2013 - 7:21 pm | February 27, 2013 japan & asia, music, pop culture
I'm a fan of anime and manga, although I don't actually follow the zillions of comics or animated series and movies, because they're instrumental in building bridges between Japan and the United States. I've spoken with eager young Caucasian anime fans in full cosplay (dressed in costumes playing the part of their favorite anime characters) who said they're taking Japanese classes, and are planning on Japanese Studies in college, because they love anime so much.
That's some powerful tug on the hearts and minds of our country's future leaders.
And anime and manga are just the most visible signs of pop culture's powerful effects, thanks to the many festivals and conventions across the US, and the popularity of anime programming on cable TV. Just take a look at video games, movies, and music, and Japan's influence on America goes way beyond instant ramen and sushi happy hours. (Ramen shops are exploding in cities everywhere, but that's another post….)
Curiously, though, J-pop, or Japanese pop music, hasn't made too much of a dent in the American charts over the years.
Just last year, if you have kids you may have caught a catchy bit of bubblegum rock called "Sugar Rush" from the soundtrack of the Disney animated feature "Wreck-It Ralph" (notice how if it's an American film we call it "animated feature" and if it's Japanese we call it "anime?"). The song plays over the end of the film, which will be released on DVD and Blue-Ray, etc. on March 5. You can see the super-sweet adorable video of the group singing it on YouTube above.
AKB48 is one of the biggest groups in Japan right now – literally. It's a "girl group" of idols – cute young women who are hired for their performance talent as well as camera-readiness. Not only are they huge hitmakers, but there are 88 members of the group, and they rotate in smaller troupes both in videos and on stage, including in their own theater in Tokyo's electronics district, Akihabara (hence the group's name, if not number). Their last 13 singles have topped the Japanese charts.
You may have read in recent weeks about one of their top singers, who shaved her head and gave a tearful public apology after being caught spending the night with a member of a Japanese boy-band in violation of AKB48's ban on romance.
This kind of oddball story about Japan's unique cultural values shouldn't detract from AKB48's pretty amazing influence in Japan, and I assume, an inevitable attempt at scaling the US charts beyond "Sugar Rush."
But many others have tried and failed to climb from the Japanese charts to the US Top 40. I like a lot of them, including some pop phenoms like Pizzicato 5 from the '90s, or R&B singer Hikaru Utada, who was born in New York and raised in Japan, and has seen fit to release an all-English album trying to crack the US market (her Japanese LPs are terrific). I've also liked punk and alternative groups out of Japan, such as Blue Hearts (like the Clash? You would have liked them) and Shonen Knife (ditto if you're a Ramones fan), or the artier Petty Booka. There's also the Okinawan folk-rock group Shang Shang Typhoon.
Back in the 1970s, a hit Japanese duo, Pink Lady, was hoisted on American audiences via a pretty dreadful variety music/comedy show that mostly made fun of Japanese stereotypes, like a twist on Sonny and Cher with a racial undercurrent.
If AKB48 cracks the code and has a hit, they can do no better than Kyu Sakamoto, the one Japanese artist who climbed to the top of the American charts in 1963, with the song titled "Sukiyaki."
The song's title has nothing to do with the Japanese dish that most people know. The single had been a number-one hit in Japan in 1961, and a British jazz group recorded it in 1963, but the head of the British Pye label deemed the Japanese title, "Ue O Muite Arukou" too hard for Westerners to say (or ask for at the record store) so he arbitrarily chose one of the few Japanese words that people in the west would know at the time. Another familiar word was "Sayonara," which would have been more appropriate, because the song is a lament about a man who walks alone looking up at the sky as tears fall because he's lost his love.
The song's haunting melody came through even without translation (though an English version was a minor hit in 1980 for the R&B group A Taste of Honey): Sakamoto sang of heartbreak in a plaintive voice that made him akin to Elvis Presley in Japan. After a string of hits mimicking American rockabilly and early rock songs in addition to Japanese pop like "Sukiyaki," he died in a 1985 plane crash. The only other hit he had in the US was "China Nights (Shina No Yoru)" a song that was popular in the 1930s, that he recorded in the early '60s.
The poignancy of "Sukiyaki"'s success is all the more vivid today not just because AKB48's visibility on the Disney soundtrack, but because in a recent BBC poll of "Songs That Changed Your World," "Sukiyaki" came in at #8. The reader who submitted the song made the case that the hit "did as much or more to change the attitudes of Americans toward their former enemies as any policy or speech. I am not old enough to remember the song coming out in 1963, but many older Americans have said this song marked the first instance where they began to see Japanese people not just as a former enemy or some mysterious, exotic race, but as people with feelings no different from their own, and capable of expressing beautiful, tender emotions."
I'm a bit skeptical, because the song wasn't translated and I think it was a hit because of its catchy sad melody, and exoticism factor of being from Japan. The Tokyo Olympics was right around the corner, in 1964, and I think that brought Japan into the league of modern countries and out of the post-war era more than the hit song.
Then again, I still love "Ue O Muite Arukou," and I recently sang it with gusto in a Karaoke bar in LA's Little Tokyo, and all the Japanese Americans in the room joined in. The Japanese, however – especially younger Japanese – looked at us like we were just weird.
Here's a classic video of Sakamoto's hit:
Tagged j-pop, jpop, sukiyaki. Bookmark the permalink.


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Photo courtesy Film Frame ©Marvel Studios 2019
Movie Review: Avengers: Endgame
A no-spoilers review of the final Avengers film.
By Megan Forgey | May 3, 2019
Stage & Screen, Things To Do
The last time I saw a movie over three hours, I was 10 and my grandma convinced me to watch Gone with the Wind with her. Two hours in, I was counting the ceiling tiles out of boredom. So when I saw the length of the final Avengers movie, I braced myself as I walked into the theatre. And while the film is just over three hours long, it flies by quickly, with epic fight scenes, powerful emotional moments, and enough laugh out loud one-liners to balance out the lengthy run time.
Endgame begins five years after Thanos' cruel snap in Infinity War, making half of the population disappear into dust. A few of the surviving Avengers are fixated on getting the other half of the earth's population back, while others seek revenge on the earth's criminals, hide out in a basement playing video games, or enjoy a calm family life. Soon after, an Avenger assumed to be dead reappears, striking a chord in the remaining Avengers. With the help of Captain Marvel, the Avengers set out to defeat Thanos one last time.
After two hours of mostly character building, with a quick fight scene thrown in for good measure, the audience is treated to a masterfully planned and executed battle scene. The final battle is what Marvel truly does best—choreographed fight scenes that dance with precision. However, that final battle scene doesn't overshadow the powerful emotional moments in the film.
The true beauty of Avengers: Endgame is that the three hours fly by; wrapping up loose ends in the Marvel universe, incorporating callbacks from previous films, all with some witty quips mixed in—The Black Widow's, "I get emails from a raccoon so nothing seems crazy anymore," stands out.
The film's final message is fitting for the series; that what matters most is family, whether that be family in the traditional sense or the one you choose for yourself.
Opening Date: April 24

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


How will my hamper be presented?
Do you provide donations of gift hampers for charitable causes?
Do I need to be 18 or over to purchase a gift basket?
Will you ship a hamper prior to payment being made?
Are all items displayed in the product photo on the website included in the hamper?
What happens if there is an item out of stock in hamper that I am purchasing?
Can I choose baby size clothing in the baby hampers?
What size are the dressing gowns/robes?
The Oyster Brown Gowns in our Men's Gifts are a Large/Xtra Large: 124cm long from shoulder to hem, and 58cm across the shoulder.
We do stock some White Gowns in a Small size (120cm long) if required, which are generally smaller in fit around the whole body. If you would prefer the smaller options you need to contact Customer Service after placing your order online.


Turn an ordinary dining table into a work surface with sled bases.
Typical dining table height is about 30 inches. Work surface or countertop height is 36 inches. If you're constantly bending over while using your table as a work surface, you don't need to suffer anymore. Build a couple sled-base supports to lift that tiny table up. Sled bases are often used on chairs or anywhere to provide stable support. Use them when you need them, and remove them when you don't. Build sled bases for your table with ordinary materials and tools, lift your table and save your back.
Measure the distance between the legs at the bottom along one side of the table from the outside edges of the legs. Measure along the short side of the table, not the front.
Cut eight two-by-four studs to the measurement using a miter saw. Place the studs across two sawhorses. Make two stacks of four studs each, applying wood glue between the inside layers. Apply clamps to both ends of both stacks. Tighten the clamps. Allow the glue to dry for one hour and remove the clamps. Scrape off the dried glue with a glue scraper.
Measure the length of the stacks. Cut four pieces of 3/4-by-6 3/4-48-inch poplar lumber to the measurements using the miter saw.
Apply glue to the sides of the poplar. Place them on the sides of both stacks of studs, flush with the ends. There will be a 3/4-inch lip at the top where the poplar is taller than the stack of studs. Shoot 1 1/4-inch pin nails -- spaced 6 inches apart -- through the poplar into the top and bottom studs in the stack.
Measure the length and width across the ends of the stack. Cut four pieces of the 3/4-by-6 3/4-by-24-inch poplar at the measurements using the miter saw. Apply glue to the pieces and place them on the ends of the stack, flush with the top, bottom and sides. Shoot pin nails through the ends to attach the poplar pieces to the ends of the stacks. Allow the glue to dry overnight.
Sand the sled-base stacks using an orbital sander with 100-grit sandpaper. Round all the corners and edges. Apply stain and aerosol lacquer from a can as needed.
Place the sled-bases on the floor beside the legs on both ends of the table. The lip side should be facing up. Lift up the table. Slide the sled bases under the legs. Lower the table legs onto the sled bases. The legs fit on top of the bases, inside the lip around the perimeter of the table to keep it secure.
For a high-end look, use red oak or any kind of hardwood for the side pieces on the sled base.
Don't put floor glides on the sled bases. They will cause the table to rock.
Shaddy, Wade. "How to Make a Dining Table Higher for a Work Surface." Home Guides | SF Gate, http://homeguides.sfgate.com/make-dining-table-higher-work-surface-76223.html. Accessed 18 April 2019.


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Alastair John Jack
Game Creator
Fortnite game features
The first entries about the project called Fortnite date back to 2011. In 2014, the alpha version came out and began to gradually accumulate power. In 2017, it began to be sold with the addition "Early Access". Epic Games developers were waiting for the right moment to announce their offspring officially ready. The release was planned for 2018, the main change in the transition to version 1.0 is the F2P system. But with the proviso that you have to buy game items for real money. The creators themselves say that a conditionally free project is waiting for us. Donate is not mandatory for the game, but they do not hide from us that they will be forced to make payments with all their might.
In 2018, the developers said that 78.3 million people play per month on their servers. This is a huge number. A curious fact: 7.78% of all world traffic goes to online games. Of all the games, Fortnite ranks second – 14.85% of gaming traffic, the first one is League of Legends – 26.42%.
Classic mode is similar to the mixture of Minecraft and Left 4 Dead, said Tim Sweeney, founder of Epic Games studio. The match is divided into two parts – day and night. At night, players have to protect from zombie attacks, and during the day you can collect resources, build and craft. Collecting resources is quite exciting, you can disassemble anything. Give enough time, in different missions up to 20 minutes. In terms of construction, there are also no restrictions, take the material with you and build what you want and where you want. Minecraft is pure water, but there is a goal – to survive at night.
As soon as the preparations are finished, they come out – the walking dead. Maps in Fortnite are randomly generated. Not everything, there is a plot, they are drawn in advance. But in all the rest you will have to improvise. The object of protection and the spawn points of enemies are always in different places and it is impossible to predict in advance. In order for you to be able to fully enjoy the game, you need to know some secrets about Best Fortnite Settings.
Already, anyone can test the famous Battle Royal mode in this game for free. It is clear that the developers wanted to add popularity to their game due to the HYIP around the famous PUBG. But a similar regime in Fortnite can not be called a fake. The rules are classic: 100 people are at stake, the combat zone is narrowed to the center, only one survives, etc. The difference is that you can build buildings here. Do not be surprised if in the middle of the recent field you will find a brand new fort. Reading the enemy becomes more difficult, because you know for sure that he is somewhere nearby. The owner is sitting in the house or waiting outside to shoot you – that's the question.
Fortnite system requirements
PUBG and Fortnite are made on one engine – Unreal Engine 4. But here the game is much more stable, there is no drawdown of FPS and lags. It is difficult to call it a fake, especially cheap. The technical component is 10 out of 10. The graphic settings are very wide, the minimum settings distort the game in full, but they allow you to run it even on calculators. In many modern games the difference between the minimum and ultra is almost imperceptible.
All the beauty that artists painted must be seen. At maximum speeds, the game draws a lot of video card and processor resources. We want to praise the developers for the possibility of fine-tuning. You can always reduce the parameters that load the processor, if it is weak. In this case, you can leave the graphics settings that load the video card. You can also use fortnite tips to get the chance to succeed as quickly as possible.
To meet the minimum system requirements, the computer must be assembled 10 years ago. With this hardware, you can play in HD resolution with minimal settings.
OS: Windows 7, 8, 10;
Processor: Intel Core i3 from 2.4 GHz or equivalent from AMD;
RAM: 4 GB;
Video card: Intel HD 4000;
Disk space: 12 GB.
Postmortem: Skirmish Line
5 Famous Gaming 'Villains' You Didn't Realise Were Heroes
Gaming's Most Notorious Anti-Heroes
alastair.john.jack@gmail.com
Nov 18, 2020 How to behave in Overwatch
Nov 12, 2020 Energy trade on Prozorro
Sep 02, 2020 How do professionals differ from match-making players?
Jul 23, 2020 Advantages of buying a hotel in Spain
Jul 24, 2019 Ubisoft Reveal Uplay+ Launch Lineup
Copyright © Alastair John Jack 2019. All Rights Reserved


In week three of "Dancing with the Stars," contestants shared personal memories and dedicated their performances to those closest to them.
Iraq war veteran J.R. Martinez had the house in tears when he said he was dancing for the men and women who didn't make it back from Iraq -- and received a standing ovation after the performance. Watch!
Backstage, Martinez told "Extra's" Renee Bargh that he and Karina Smirnoff were both emotional. "She saw me choked up then she was choked up!"
Rob Kardashian dedicated his performance to his dad, O.J. Simpson friend and attorney Robert Kardashian, who died of esophageal cancer when the younger Kardashian was only 15. "That's a portrait of my dad. It's awesome," Rob told Bargh. Mom Kris Jenner and big sister Kim were in the audience, showing support. Rob said, "I'm sure [Kim] was very emotional."
Chaz Bono also danced for his dad, Sonny Bono, who died in a skiing accident in 1998. His mom, Cher, tweeted Monday that if Chaz makes it through round three, she'll show up next week to cheer her son on in person. Bono confirmed, "If we're still here, she'll be here."
Carson Kressley added a little humor to the emotional evening, joking with Renee about judge Len Goodman's comment to Carson that he puts the "boy in flamboyant." Kressley quipped, "Newsflash! I've been putting the boy in flamboyant for a long time. Did he not see the picture of me with my purse in the third grade?"
Later that night, David Arquette and Courteney Cox were seen having dinner together. Cox told the paparazzi, "I'm so proud. He's so good!"
Find out who will be eliminated from "Dancing with the Stars," Tuesday on ABC!


ENGLEWOOD, Colo. -- Denver Broncos defensive end Elvis Dumervil found plenty of welcome sights when he returned to the field this preseason after missing all of 2010 with a torn pectoral muscle. He had a defensive-minded head coach, John Fox, for the first time in his six-year career. He was returning to his preferred spot as a defensive end in the 4-3 defense after spending the previous two years as a 3-4 outside linebacker. Most importantly, he started to see that size really didn't matter that much when it came to playing on the edge of an NFL defensive line.
For years, the 5-foot-11, 260-pound Dumervil had been told directly or indirectly that his diminutive stature would be a hindrance in the league. This season he's finally entering camp with the belief that such questions are actually behind him. Dumervil already had 43 career sacks -- including a career-high 17 in 2009 -- to prove what a little man could do in a big world. Now he has more support than ever from a coaching staff that believes he's at his best with his hand on the ground.
Dumervil doesn't think this is a coincidence, either. It has just as much to do with the success of other small pass-rushers cut from a similar mold.
"Just look at the guys around the league," Dumervil said. "You've got Dwight Freeney and Robert Mathis in Indianapolis. You've got James Harrison in Pittsburgh. We're not the biggest guys in the world, but we know how to play with leverage and handle the run. That's what matters."
What Dumervil knows as well as anybody else is that the smaller you are in this league, the more you generally have to remind people why you belong. That was the case for years with running backs until stars like Tiki Barber and Warrick Dunn proved they could be more than darting, change-of-pace ball carriers. The same was true of linebackers before Pro Bowlers like Ian Gold and Dexter Coakley started making names for themselves. These days, it's the pass-rushing position that is preparing for a makeover, primarily because offenses have changed so dramatically.
Teams are spreading out defenses and capitalizing on rules that favor the passing game more than ever. In turn, players like Dumervil become more vital, and teams become less likely to fret over how smaller ends will hold up against the run.
"You want faster, athletic guys on the defensive line, and we thought that approach really worked with what we already had here," said Broncos defensive coordinator Dennis Allen. "What they did in the past was take players who were defensive ends and turn them into outside linebackers. At the end of the day, we're putting people back in their natural positions."
There are plenty of people who would argue that Dumervil did just fine as an outside linebacker after he led the NFL in sacks and made his first Pro Bowl in 2009. What Allen and Fox will tell you is that numbers don't tell the entire story with him.
"Elvis actually played better in the 4-3," Fox said. "That's because he has the speed and the leverage to create problems [as a defensive end]. It used to be that you had to be 6-5 and 280 pounds to play defensive end. That's not the case anymore."
That's welcome news for Dumervil, who has spent most of his career dealing with the frustrations that accompany his size. He wasn't selected until the fourth round of the 2006 draft, even though he dominated as a pass-rusher at Louisville. After proving himself in his first three seasons in Denver, he was dealt another blow after the team hired head coach Josh McDaniels. The Broncos subsequently installed the 3-4 defense, drafted pass-rusher Robert Ayers in the first round of the 2009 draft and essentially told Dumervil he had to fight for his job.
Although Dumervil played well enough to earn a six-year, $61.5 million extension heading into 2010, he feels slighted by his treatment in McDaniels' first season.
"I'd had 8.5 sacks my first season and 12.5 in my second year, but they probably had some doubts after my third year," said Dumervil, who did play as a 4-3 defensive end on passing downs under McDaniels. "I only had five sacks, and they decided to change the whole philosophy. I was sitting behind Ayers on the depth chart when training camp started that year. If he hadn't held out, I might not have had the time to show what I could do."
Those days are over for Dumervil. Although Ayers is still trying to find his way in the league, Dumervil is being hailed as the key to the Broncos' hopes of turning around the league's worst defense in 2010. Denver already has watched three defensive tackles -- Ty Warren, Marcus Thomas and Brodrick Bunkley -- suffer preseason injuries. And outside linebacker D.J. Williams could be sidelined for a month with a dislocated right elbow. If Dumervil isn't ready to return to an elite level, the Broncos' rebuilding effort will be moving at a disappointing pace.
Dumervil already has done his part by adding 15 pounds and impressing the Broncos' coaches with his training camp efforts. That may have plenty to do with his appreciation for playing again, but other factors are at play as well. Dumervil finally has returned to a place in his career where size is merely an afterthought. As far as he's concerned, the only thing that matters these days is how big he continues to play.


Hotel diligently interpretate the service concept of the boutique hotels. Various room are spacious and comfortable, with complete supporting facilities, considerate service, elegant & tranquil environment. Staying in this hotel you can enjoy a noble and attentive personalized service provided by hotel. It's the best choice for your business activities and tour rest.
Check out 12 noon. Rates may be subject to surcharge during peak periods. Above rate includes service charge. free shuttle bus during first phase(15th April to 19th Apri) and second phase(23rd April to 27th April) of canton fair (Except for an elegant room).
The Yuncheng Hotel is located at No.103, Airport Road, Baiyun New City, close to Beauty Exchange Center, Wanda Plaza, Baiyun Leather Products Town, airport living area, Line 2 subway Feixiang Garden station, 5 minutes' driving from Railway Station, Jinhan Exhibition Center, 15 minutes' driving from Baiyun International Airport. The location and traffic is convenient. Hotel diligently interpretate the service concept of the boutique hotels. Stylish lobby, more than 90 luxury rooms. All room is spacious and comfortable, with complete supporting facilities, considerate service, elegant & tranquil environment. Staying in this hotel you can enjoy a noble and attentive personalized service provided by hotel. It's the best choice for your business activities and tour rest.
The hotel has more than 90 luxury rooms. All room is spacious and comfortable, with complete supporting facilities, considerate service, elegant & tranquil environment. Staying in this hotel you can enjoy a noble and attentive personalized service provided by hotel.


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The Indie Gathering's Screenwriter Contest
Indie Gathering Script Writing Contest
5009 Storer Ave.
Email: ray@worldeonline.com
Contact: Ray Szuch
Report Cards: 10
To recognize excellence in screenwriting of shorts and features in a wide variety of genres.
Expired. Previous Deadline: 05/08/2019
Notification: July 1st, 2019
PLEASE READ ALL RULES BEFORE SUBMITTING!
When submitting your project, please e-mail us with your project information and genre selection at Kristina@WorldEOnline.com. This must be received by e-mail to ensure your submission goes into the proper judging category. Please note that we may, in our own discretion, move your project into a different genre if we feel it is a better fit for that genre. This does not happen often, but we want to ensure your project is in the right category. However, we still need your selected genre e-mailed to us. Please select only ONE.
Script Genres: Action / Comedy / Comedy-Romantic / Drama / Drama-Comedy / Drama-Crime / Drama-Romantic / Family / Fantasy / Horror / Horror-Comedy / Sci-Fi / Suspense-Thriller / TV Pilot / Web episode / Western
There are NO restrictions as to when your script was completed or where it has been released. Anyone may enter the competition. All entries must receive an average score of 90 or above in the judging process to qualify for award placement.
Please note, if your project qualifies for an award, you or a direct representative from your project must be in attendance at the festival in order to receive any physical awards. Non-attending winners will be e-mailed award certificates after the event.
All submissions - whether accepted or not - come with ONE complimentary 4-day event pass to the festival. Any additional passes must be purchased in advance or at the door.
You may withdraw your submission at any time, but there are no refunds on submissions.
By submitting this script, you acknowledge that it is your own original work and you are authorized to submit it to competition.
The individual or corporation submitting this script shall indemnify and hold harmless The Indie Gathering from and against any and all claims, liabilities, losses, damages, and expenses (including but not limited to attorney's fees, and costs of the court) which may be incurred by reason of any claim involving copyright, trademark, credits and publicity.
Awards up to 4th place in each category, as well as honorable mentions. Awards to attending winners include trophies, plaques, and certificates. Grand champion belt to best overall script. Additional sponsored awards for 2019 TBA.
Indie Gathering Names Contest Winners
Indie Gathering has named their Screenplay Contest Winners for 2015.
IndieGathering Announces 2008 Contest Results
IndieGathering has announced their feature and shorts screenplay contest results.
IndieGathering Announces Contest Results
IndieGathering has announced their 2007 Feature and Short Script contest winners.
Indie Gathering Announces Contest Results
The Indie Gathering has announced their 2006 screenplay contest results.
Indie Gathering Announces Winners
The Indie Gathering has announced their 2005 screenplay contest winners.
MovieBytes Interview:
Screenwriter Michael Gibrall
An interview with screenwriter Michael Gibrall regarding the Indie Gathering Writing Competition.
Q: What's the title of the script you entered in this contest, and what's it about?
A: "Positive Variance"
BLADE RUNNER meets BRAZIL.
An FBI agent investigates a NASA hacker, only to find himself thrown into a new reality. Part futuristic, part ancient, the world has been changed into an almost utopian reality. Yet, unexplainable events, conspiracy, and innocence threaten to dismantle all of existence.
Q: What made you enter this particular contest? Have you entered any other contests with this script? If so, how did you do?
A: The Indie Gathering has a reputation of being a great festival. While submitting to genre specific festivals for my science fiction screenplay, I decided to try a few festivals which accept all genres and have awards that are dedicated to each given genre.
I've entered several other festivals with this script, and have won best feature screenplay at another festival, as well as being a semifinalist, an award nominee, and an accepted screenwriter at other festivals as of this interview. The festival that I was accepted into as a screnwriter actually made a short movie with this script, where actors read the script and performed a scene to be screened at the festival.
Q: Were you satisfied with the administration of the contest? Did they meet their deadlines? Did you receive all the awards that were promised?
A: I was emailed almost two months in advance that the script had won Best Sci-Fi Screenplay.
I was extremely happy with how the festival was run. The festival producer, Kristina Michelle, and festival director, Ray Szuch, went out of their way to be helpful and answer any questions. This festival was fantastic for networking. I already have a couple of connections to try to get my screenplay noticed, thanks to Ray Szuch and a director who I networked with that noted he knew someone at the SyFy Channel, and would attempt to introduce us in the future.
To my complete surprise, the script won a second award that was announced at the awards ceremony. The script was awarded Best Overall Screenplay, which I accepted on stage, along with the Best Sci-Fi Screenplay award. I was even told what the judges scored the screenplay by the festival producer and was encouraged to attempt to get the script made into a feature film. Finally, I was told the screenplay scored so high, it was one of the highest scoring screenplays in the history of the festival.
This festival exceeded my expectations and it was an absolute pleasure to attend.
Q: How long did it take you to write the script? Did you write an outline beforehand? How many drafts did you write?
A: I had worked on this script on and off for years. It was the first feature screenplay I ever wrote, and did so to teach myself how to write a script, as well as tell a story. I didn't write an outline, as I had the idea in my head for years. I revised the script twice after the original draft.
Q: What kind of software did you use to write the script, if any? What other kinds of writing software do you use?
A: Movie Magic Screenwriter.
Q: Do you write every day? How many hours per day?
A: Not daily. I go through phases of writing for a while, take a break, and then write some more when I allow myself to regroup.
Q: Do you ever get writer's block? If so, how do you deal with that?
A: I don't know if I'd say that, but I do step away for a bit and do other things, maybe sleep on it, then get back to writing.
Q: What's your background? Have you written any other screenplays or television scripts?
A: I've just finished another feature screenplay that I've just begun submitting to competitions and festivals, as well as a teleplay for a children's TV pilot that I have already produced and directed myself. I was also approached by a comedy group in Las Vegas to write a spec script for their award-winning series of shorts. The script is slated to go into production in the Fall of 2011.
Q: Do you live in Los Angeles? If not, do you have any plans to move there?
A: I live in VA. Not against moving.
Q: What's next? Are you working on a new script?
A: I just finished a new script and have begun submitting into festivals and competitions. The new script has already been accepted into another film festival, and had actors perform a scene from the script for the purpose of being screened at the festival.
Posted Monday, August 29, 2011
[Interviews About THIS Contest] [Interviews About ALL Contests]


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Home › Avoidance Actions › Tenth Circuit Upholds Recharacterization of Debt to Equity
Tenth Circuit Upholds Recharacterization of Debt to Equity
By H. Joseph Acosta, Esq. on March 26, 2014 • ( 0 )
While not expressly authorized by the Bankruptcy Code, it is generally well-established that a bankruptcy court, as a court of equity, is not bound by a party's characterization of a transaction and, instead, may recharacterize the nature of the transaction, acknowledging the economic realities involved. The prime example occurs in instances where an insider purports to loan money to a debtor, but the loan is in essence a disguised equity contribution. Based on case law in most jurisdictions, a bankruptcy court may recharacterize such a loan as an equity contribution.
In Redmond v. Cimarron Energy Co. (In re Alternate Fuels , Inc.), No. KS-12-110 (B.A.P. 10th Cir. Mar. 18, 2014), the Bankruptcy Appellate Panel ("BAP") for the Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals recently upheld a bankruptcy court's authority to recharacterize, notwithstanding arguments that the U.S. Supreme Court recently curbed a bankruptcy court's authority to act outside the confines of the express language of the Bankruptcy Code.
Loan versus Equity
A "loan" is a sum of money advanced to a borrower for a specified period and repayable with agreed interest. Typically, the amount loaned, the terms of repayment, and the interest are agreed up front when the money is loaned. Advances, interest rates, and repayment terms are not customarily left to the discretion of the lender. The lender's right to receive repayment is supported by consideration (money loaned) and accounted for with contemporaneous records. In short, the amount loaned and the amount to be repaid are readily calculable at the beginning of the transaction, and the obligation to repay is not conditional.
On the other hand, "equity" is an investment – an expenditure of money – in order to earn a financial return. The amount of financial return is unknown and the entitlement to receive payment is conditional. The amount of payment received may be unrelated to the amount advanced or may be received in exchange for little consideration.
The characterization of a transaction as a loan or equity contribution is important in bankruptcy because of the priority scheme set forth in the Bankruptcy Code. Pursuant to that priority scheme, equity is generally not entitled to a recovery from a bankruptcy estate unless all creditor claims are satisfied. See 11 U.S.C. § 1129(b).
In 1999, a husband and wife (the "Insiders") became the indirect holders of all of the stock in Alternate Fuels Inc. (AFI). The acquisition of these interests apparently was a strategic move to realize the value of the assets of AFI and an affiliated entity (Cimmaron), without being subject to all of the liabilities of AFI. After acquiring AFI, the two Insiders purported to loan certain funds to AFI and, in return, received three promissory notes eventually secured by an assignment of potential litigation proceeds. When AFI obtained a favorable judgment, it filed chapter 11 bankruptcy to facilitate a distribution of the litigation proceeds to its creditors. A chapter 11 trustee was thereafter appointed.
In order to obtain a larger recovery to non-insider creditors, the chapter 11 trustee challenged the Insiders' claims, arguing that the Insider loans were disguised equity contributions. The bankruptcy court agreed with the trustee, finding, among other things, that there was insufficient documentation of the loan terms and the loans provided no benefit to AFI and instead were intended to obtain a recovery on the Insiders' investment. As a result, the loans (or equity contributions) became subordinate to the claims of other unsecured creditors of AFI. The Insiders appealed this decision to the Tenth Circuit BAP.
Read the Text
On appeal, the Insiders argued that two recent U.S. Supreme Court opinions limited the bankruptcy court's ability to recharacterize. They first cited to Travelers Casualty & Surety Company of America v. Pacific Gas & Electric Company, 549 U.S. 443 (2007), where the Supreme Court held that "we generally presume that claims enforceable under applicable state law will be allowed in bankruptcy unless they are expressly disallowed," pursuant to section 502(b) of the Code. The Insiders contended that Travelers precludes recharacterization unless recharacterization is allowed by applicable state law. Because in this instance applicable state law (Kansas) does not recognize recharacterization, the Insiders argued that their claim was enforceable under applicable state law and therefore could not be disallowed by an equitable federal doctrine (recharacterization), which is not expressly found in the Bankruptcy Code.
The Insiders next cited to the more recent opinion of Law v. Siegel, No. 12-5196, 571 U.S.___, 2014 WL 813702 (Mar. 4, 2014) (slip opinion), where the Supreme Court held that a bankruptcy court's inherent powers pursuant to section 105(b) of the Code could not contravene express provisions of the Code. For a recent discussion of the Siegel decision, see SCOTUS Restricts Inherent Bankruptcy Authority.
BAP Decision
The Tenth Circuit BAP rejected the Insiders' arguments. The BAP first distinguished the recharacterization remedy from the allowance or disallowance of claims proscribed in the Travelers and Siegel cases. According to the BAP, recharacterization is not based on the enforceability of a claim; rather it is based on establishing the true substance of a transaction. In other words, recharacterization is not a determination of whether a claim should be allowed or disallowed; it is a determination of whether a claim should be treated as a claim or an equity interest. On the other hand, when a claim is disallowed under section 502 of the Code, it is essentially not recognized in the bankruptcy case. If a claim is recharacterized, however, it is still recognized in the bankruptcy case, but is simply treated as an equity interest.
The BAP then reasoned that the Travelers and Siegel decisions did not deal with recharacterization of transactions and therefore neither opinion implicitly or expressly abrogated this equitable doctrine. In doing so, the BAP found some support from the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals' opinion in In re Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors for Dornier Aviation (North America), Inc., 453 F.3d 225 (4th Cir. 2006). There the Fourth Circuit held that:
[D]enying a bankruptcy court the ability to recharacterize a claim would have the effect of subverting the Code's critical priority system by allowing equity investors to jump the line and reduce the recovery of true creditors. In light of the broad language of § 105(a) and the larger purpose of the Bankruptcy Code, we believe that a bankruptcy court's power to recharacterize is essential to the proper and consistent application of the Code.
The BAP ultimately applied the thirteen factors announced by the Tenth Circuit in Sender v. Bronze Group, Ltd. (In re Hedged-Investments Associations., Inc.), 380 F.3d 1292 (10th Cir. 2004). These nonexclusive factors include:
the names given to the certificates evidencing the indebtedness;
the presence or absence of a fixed maturity date;
the source of payments;
the right to enforce payment of principal and interest;
participation in management flowing as a result;
the status of the contribution in relation to regular corporate creditors;
the intent of the parties;
"thin" or adequate capitalization;
identity of interest between the creditor and stockholder;
source of interest payments;
the ability of the corporation to obtain loans from outside lending institutions;
the extent to which the advance was used to acquire capital assets; and
the failure of the debtor to repay on the due date or to seek a postponement.
The purpose of these factors is to "distinguish true debt from camouflaged equity" by determining whether certain facts are more supportive of a loan or equity transaction. However, the Tenth Circuit recognizes that these factors are not dispositive and their applicability and weight depend on the circumstances.
The BAP's detailed and lengthy application of the Hedge-Investments factors is best explained in Redmond opinion itself. To summarize that opinion, the BAP found that the totality of circumstances surrounding the Insiders' loans supported recharacterization, as the Insider loans were either used to (a) acquire interests in AFI or (b) allow AFI to meet certain obligations that would release encumberances in certain assets that otherwise were available to AFI's equity owners. Thus, the BAP concluded that AFI received no economic benefit from the loans and the only purpose of the loans was to benefit the beneficial owners of AFI (i.e., the Insiders).
Because of the particular facts in Redmond, the BAP appeared reluctant to expand the holdings in Travelers and Siegel to abolish the equitable doctrine of recharacterization, even though such doctrine is not codified in the Bankruptcy Code. The BAP seemed focused on preserving the priority scheme set forth by the Bankruptcy Code and preventing abuse by equity owners attempting to take advantage of their unique positions with a debtor by disguising their true interests.
Whether other Circuit Courts will agree with the analysis remains to be seen. In the future, however, the Siegel holding should raise less concerns, because that case involved a bankruptcy court order that directly contravened a Bankruptcy Code provision; namely, surcharging an exempt asset, in violation of section 522 of the Code. Recharacterization, however, is not expressly proscribed by the Bankruptcy Code. The holding in Travelers presents a more difficult question, because there the Supreme Court seems to suggest that section 502 allows any claim enforceable under state law unless expressly prohibited by the Code. Significantly, section 502 of the Code–or any other provision–does not expressly prohibit a claim on recharacterization grounds.
Nonetheless, even if Travelers presents an obstacle in the future, there may exist multiple other state law arguments, like fraud, misrepresentation, or, in certain jurisdictions, recharacterization, that would still preserve the ability to disallow disguised transactions by insiders.
‹ SCOTUS Restricts Inherent Bankruptcy Authority
Retailer of Luxury Gadgets Files Prenegotiated Chapter 11 ›
Tags: allowance of claims, Alternative Energy Fuels, Cimmaron Energy Company, Dornier Aviation (North America) Inc., federal equitable doctine, Hedged Investments Associations, Law v. Siegel, Pacific Gas & Electric Company, recharacterization, section 1129(b), section 502, Supreme Court, Travelers Casualty & Insurance Company of America


text:
The Covert Human Intelligence Sources Bill will help end the exploitation of children involved in criminal activity, not cause it
By Baroness Williams
11 Jan Home affairs
New report finds serious problems with legal help for the public
By Bar Council
Former Policing Minister Nick Herbert appointed Chair of the College of Policing Board
By Police Federation of England and Wales
PFEW response to pre-charge bail reforms
Conservative anger as Boris Johnson makes Chris Grayling chair of intelligence committee
Matt Honeycombe-Foster
matt_hfoster
3 min read 11 March 2020
Conservative MPs have reacted with anger after Chris Grayling was handed a seat on Parliament's prestigious Intelligence and Security Committee.
The Sun reports that Boris Johnson will order Tory members of the powerful body - which scrutinises the work of the UK's intelligence agencies - to elect the former Cabinet minister its new chairman.
The move could raise eyebrows because of Mr Grayling's association with a string of controversial government projects, including a now-scrapped shake-up of the probation service and his stint as Transport Secretary during the botched rollout of new railway timetables.
The former Cabinet minister was also among the most high-profile backers of Mr Johnson's Conservative leadership campaign.
One Tory MP told the paper: "Giving Grayling the ISC job is going down very badly, and is being seen as a blatant 'jobs for the boys'.
"There were some eminently more qualified candidates to chair it, but clearly Boris owes him one."
The reported move has already been condemned by the Liberal Democrats.
The party's acting leader Sir Ed Davey said: "This is yet another blatant power grab by Boris Johnson and Dominic Cummings. They are trying to prevent anyone from holding them to account in a meaningful way.
"The Intelligence and Security Committee does crucial work holding the Government and security services to account. It scrutinises evidence deemed too sensitive for the rest of us to see."
And he added: "The public needs to have confidence that the Committee is independent of Government. Installing a lackey of the Prime Minister – especially one with as little credibility as Chris Grayling – badly undermines that confidence.
"Principled Conservative MPs should refuse to go along with this latest authoritarian move."
RUSSIA REPORT
The ISC can grill ministers, security chiefs and senior officials as part of its work.
It is made up of nine members, who are all bound by the Official Secrets Act and given access to highly classified material.
Its previous chair was former attorney general Dominic Grieve, who was a fierce critic of the Government's approach to Brexit.
Other MPs reportedly in line for a place on the committee include ex-ministers Theresa Villiers and Sir John Hayes.
The newly-formed ISC's first job will be to publish a long-delayed report on Russian interference in UK democracy.
The inquiry is said to have taken evidence from members of the intelligence services and looked into claims that the Kremlin tried to influence the outcome of the EU referendum in 2016 as well as the following year's general election.
But its findings were not made public before the general election, sparking anger Dominic Grieve, who pointed out that the report had been sent to Number 10 for clearance in October.
Read the most recent article written by Matt Honeycombe-Foster - Home Office ditches controversial video claiming 'activist lawyers' are protecting asylum seekers after backlash
Defence Home affairs Political parties
A Ban On "Medieval" Virginity Testing In The UK Has Passed First Commons Hurdle
15 Dec 2020 Health


text:
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SOPA Plus 10, reflections and continued work
Dee Harris
On January 18, 2012, the web went dark in protest of the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) and the Protect IP Act (PIPA), two bills introduced into the United States House and Senate in the last quarter of 2011.
Why are we talking about this day ten years later?
The fight for a global internet, access to information, and better sharing that benefits public interests are far from over. Because there are still many threats and SOPA-like provisions in other bills. Because many of the feared outcomes of the bill proposed in 2012 – website shutdowns, censorship to free speech, and domain seizures – are happening today.
Here is a simplified overview of SOPA/PIPA.
SOPA and PIPA aimed to tighten U.S. laws to curb copyright infringement and counterfeiting, particularly focusing on illegal copies of media – films, TV shows, music – hosted on foreign servers. The bills aimed to block sites and order financial services to shut off anyone associated with a site.
If passed, the U.S. Department of Justice and rights holders could use court orders to take down entire websites based upon a single piece of content, or linked content, on that site. Internet service providers (ISPs) would block users using Domain Name System (DNS) blocking.
While the bills intended to stop piracy, they were vaguely written with disastrous consequences. For example:
DNS blocking sets a global precedent and disrupts internet architecture.
Cybersecurity, and the possibility of Americans opting to use foreign DNS services to reach sites, was concerning.
Ideologically, the bills undermine the foundational structure of the global internet, cultural communication, free speech, economic innovation, and how people create, find, discuss, and share information lawfully online.
Dubbed the Internet Blacklist Bill, Creative Commons (CC) joined other like-minded organizations in 2012 to raise awareness about the dangers and fight the bills. As Congress continued to debate before the Jan 24 vote on SOPA, organizer Fight for the Future, watchdog groups, content creators, activists, and millions of American citizens participated in a more aggressive communication strategy to get the attention of Congress – a symbolic internet blackout and messaging protest.
On January 18, 2012:
50,000 websites went dark including Wikipedia, Reddit, Boing Boing, and Craigslist.
162 million people visited Wikipedia.
115,000 sites, including Creative Commons, altered web pages with banners and messages opposing SOPA and PIPA with links to Congress.
Google blacked out its logo and generated over 7 million signatures on its petition.
Electronic Frontier Foundation reported more than 1 million emails were sent to congress using their site.
MSNBC reported over 2.4 million Twitter messages about SOPA/PIPA.
887,000 people phoned congress.
Time reported that before the day had ended, "the political dominoes began to fall…then trickle turned into flood."
The Washington Post said, "This is what happens when you make the internet mad."
The New York Times said this sent "an unmistakable message to lawmakers grappling with new media issues: Don't mess with the Internet."
As a result, SOPA was tabled, and PIPA was postponed.
January 18 is an historic marker of solidarity, a public interest victory.
As so, ten years later, Creative Commons again joins many organizations to reflect and continue the work. Please join us, and many others, by attending a series of SOPA Plus 10 events starting January 18, 2022. Our goal is to promote the values of free and open internet, build a better internet, improve access to information, and generate better sharing of news information.
COMMEMORATING #sopa plus 10
This list will be updated as new events are added, and registrations become available. Follow #SOPAPlus10 and #BetterInternet on social media to keep up with the conversation.
DATE EVENT/RECOGNITION ORGANIZER DETAILS
January 17 (ongoing) 10 years of what SOPA/PIPA's demise made possible Re:Create
January 17-21 Copyright Week Electronic Frontier Foundation Agenda
11:00 a.m. -12:30 p.m. EST Regulating the Internet Ten Years after the SOPA/PIPA Blackout Georgetown Law
and Wikimedia Foundation Info and Registration
2:00-3:00 p.m. EST How Public Interest Values Shape a Better Internet Public Knowledge Info and Registration
The panel will be moderated by Public Knowledge President and CEO Chris Lewis and will feature:
Catherine Stihler, CEO of Creative Commons
Spencer Overton, President, Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies
April Glaser, Fellow of the Technology & Social Change Project
Akriti Gaur, Resident Fellow, Yale Information Society Project
January 18 (ongoing) Better Internet Series Creative Commons and Global Summit Partners CC Series Link
10:00 a.m. PT
1:00 p.m. ET Privacy event with Library Freedom Project, George Christian of the Connecticut Four, and Sarah Lamdan of CUNY Library Futures More Info and Registration
January 20 Public Domain Day Observed: Celebration of Sound Internet Archive
Other Leaders from Open World Celebrate Public Domain in 2022
7:00 p.m. UTC
2:00 p.m. EST Better News: Open Internet and Journalism (webinars aimed at journalists) Creative Commons More Info and Registration
Google News Initiative and CC will reflect on the challenges and opportunities at the intersection of technology, journalism, and social power.
11-11:30 a.m. CST SOPA at 10 and what's next for internet law: A conversation with startups Engine Register
A panel on the 10 year anniversary of the defeat of SOPA and a discussion of how current legal frameworks empower startups to host content.
January 26 Event: A look back on SOPA. A look ahead for what's next Techdirt More info
11:30 a.m. EST Better News Series: Addressing Misinformation and Disinformation Campaigns: A Community Led Approach Creative Commons This conversation will highlight Wikimedia Foundation's technical perspective and community lead approach to addressing mis/disinformation campaigns.
9:00 a.m. EST Better News Series: Risks with Digital Platforms, Language and Narrative Power Creative Commons Speakers will explore risks of digital platforms: further marginalizing languages, spreading disinformation, and perpetuating power structures in India and globally.
9:00 a.m. EST Better News Series: Gunfire and Ground truth, Investigative Journalism Using Creative Commons Creative Commons Cecília Oliviera (Investigative journalist and founder of Fogo Cruzado) will discuss developing and using crowd-sourcing on an open platform as an investigative tool in journalism focused on drug and arms trafficking.
TBC Better News Series: CC licenses and combatting disinformation campaigns through better sharing Creative Commons This discussion will explore how CC licenses increase better information sharing in global journalism.
2:00 pm-6:00 pm UTC
10:00 am-2:00 pm EDT Better News Series: Free Online Training Creative Commons Creative Commons staff will provide free training on the basics of copyright for journalists, how to best find and reuse openly licensed resources such as research, photos, videos, music, and more!
Category:Better Internet
Tags:Better Internet, creative commons, SOPA
Donate to help keep the internet free and open!
Better Internet Series: Access to Information and Knowledge
Introducing the Better Internet Series
The growing commons
2.0 billion works and counting. Explore these featured Creative Commons Licensed resources below — from literary works, to videos, photos, audio, open education, scientific research and more! Or you can share your work, and help light up the global commons!


text:
Q: Web scraping with python, getting none when img tag name exists r = requests.get("https://amindi.org/").text
soup = BeautifulSoup(r, "lxml")
dedassheveci = soup.find_all('div', class_="col-4")
print(dedassheveci[1])

'it returns next:'

'when I'm trying to get data-tippy-content name it returns none
how can I fix it?'

A: Select your element more specific or check if there is an attribute data-tippy-content - This css selector is selecting all images with the specific attribute:
soup.select('img[data-tippy-content]')

Example
Getting the values of all these data-tippy-content with list comprehension:
r = requests.get("https://amindi.org/").text
soup = BeautifulSoup(r, "lxml")
[x['data-tippy-content'] for x in soup.select('img[data-tippy-content]')]

Output
['ღრუბლიანი', 'ღრუბლიანი', 'ღრუბლიანი', 'ღრუბლიანი', 'ღრუბლიანი']

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


In this article, you will find various designs of music flyers which are layered in PSD files, fully customizable and are editable. Browse each and purchase the flyer or poster templates that goes with your style.
You could also either refer to these templates or use these designs, since these flyers are print ready which makes you save time.
These music flyers also serve as invitation flyers to the people to come and join the celebration. Surely, all people who are whether music lovers or not, will definitely want to rock and party until they drop!
For various kinds of parties, either for children or for adults. An example of which are celebrations from different events such as graduation, birthdays, and /or holidays, there are music party flyers distributed for some of those celebrations.
For different events, either formal or informal, such as wedding and graduation announcement, music festivals of different countries, school and company business events like seminars or conferences, etc.
For singing and dance competitions, music is also used to win depending on the mechanics or criteria given by the judges. Because some would use their creativity in remixing different genre of music.
For sound effects of stage plays / theaters or soap opera in order to emphasize the actions of the different scenes in the play.
For background music used in movies, either romantic, comedy, horror, adventure, and / or thrilling action, music is used to specify the setting or the genre of certain movies.
For the entertainment of the people, either at the concert, in malls or just individual music saved in their gadgets that they use to listen to music anytime and anywhere they prefer to.
Music is used for lots of reasons and for whatever season. The following listed above are just few of the reasons why music is part of our lives and how it is used. Indeed, music is used for every events that are held to also keep the people entertained. Imagine how life will be without music. Life would probably be boring and we will be living undeniably lifeless without it. Since music is one of the many things that has made our lives harmonious.
Examining all these music flyers, there are different types of music for different seasons or events. There are those live music flyers in which these announce that there are going to be some live band performances to be held with the guesting of different famous band performers or special guests at a specific date, time, and venue. These flyers can actually be used for music band posters or banners in order for them to be posted or displayed where most people can view them. Other kinds of music flyer are for festival celebrations. These music flyers could also announce any other events, such as singing competitions or music workshops.
Music flyers are used for various reasons, but the main reason or purpose for these flyers to be printed out is to advertise an event to call the attention of the people who are fond with music. Going further, you will be able to realize when and what for are these music flyers for.
As you can see in the provided flyer templates in this article, these are more on music flyers for live band performances or concert of different singers, band or other performers. Indeed, music flyer are to let the people be aware that there will a concert of their favorite bands or singers.
Music flyers can also be used as the summer flyers for different music workshops for children and adults. These are often music lessons for that are held or conducted every summer, since people are not that busy during summer vacations (especially children and teens). Music flyers for this kind of event or workshop are actually to announce or let everybody know that there will be some music lessons held on a specific date / time, and at a specific place or venue.
Another event in which music flyers are distributed to the public, is when people celebrate festivals. These are celebrated annually with series of organized events such as, concerts, movies, plays, etc. Music flyers are necessary since these are used as information for those people who do not know about where and when the party will be celebrated, though, festivals are actually held annually in the same place for the people to commemorate. Festival flyers can also be used instead of using music flyers.
Basically, music flyers are just the same with other flyers which contains the necessary information that people should know and not missed. The different kinds of flyers actually vary on what they advertise, it could either be a product, a service, or an event.
Organization or company logo and name: This is for the people to determine whether the event is held by a trustworthy company or organization, or this is just a scam or a fraud.
The title or the event name: This is for the people to know why such event is held or for what reason.
The band/s, singer/s, and other performers: This is to let the people be aware of who are going to be the performers. Some people definitely do not want to miss their favorite band's performances.
The type or genre of music or songs that the performers are going to perform. Because people have different tastes when it comes to music, some would want heavy musics and some just want a soft or smooth pop songs. That is why it is somehow important to include this information in the flyer in order for the people not to be disappointed.
The date and time of when the event will be held: This is in order for the people to set and save the date for the event. In this way, they will know when or what time they should go and purchase the designed ticket for the event. This is also in order for them to buy tickets before it runs out.
The exact place or venue of where the event will be held: Inclusion of this is also mandatory since this will let the people set their time on when to leave their places and arrive on time to the event place.
The fees for registration or admission to enter the venue and the additional fees to be paid: This should also be included in order for the people to allocate specific amount for the event.
The freebies that the organization or the venue offers to the people: This is one of which that catches the eyes of the people because not all would want to spend much and so they look forward for freebies or giveaways that are offered to them. And because there are those people who just came to the event to have much fun without spending much money.
The contact information for inquiries or reservations, etc.: This is for the people to contact or get in touch when they have some clarifications about the said event.
These are the basic information that are often included in every music flyers.
Referring to these music flyers, different ways or designs are used to creatively make these. Sometimes, it is difficult to decorate or create a flyer most especially if you do not know what you should include. Anyways, here are the following tips when you design a music flyer.
You should take note first the important details of what you are to advertise.
Make wise decisions in choosing the color scheme for backgrounds and for the best fonts that you have chosen for your flyer with different styles. Of course texts should stand out from the background.
You could make use of different modern font styles, or typography fonts.
Since you are to make a music flyer, you could include some music vectors that would perfectly fit the flyer designs.
You could make use of different ways to overlay textures for the backgrounds, words, images, and / or texts.
For background, you have various choices on what to use. You can either choose a plain background, an abstract pattern, or images that would perfectly go with the genre of the music.
As seen from the other flyer templates, there are various of shape vectors that are used to add up to the design of the flyer.
Also make use of different clip arts or drawings, such as guitar drawings (as shown in the flyer template above), and stereo vectors.
These flyer template are layered already in order for you not to have a hard time, though these are customizable and editable to whatever design or arrangements you want to make.


As the sweet wort is heated in the Boil Kettle and starts to approach boiling temperature, a thick foam will form over the surface made up of coagulated proteins.
Many brewers (including us) like to skim this foam off and discard it.
Some believe it can cause off-flavours (mostly in lighter beers such as pilsners and some lagers). We find this doubtful but we prefer to skim off the foam anyway.
Some brewers call this foam 'foop'. It's high in protein, sweet, and actually quite tasty!
We think the best reason to get into the habit of 'scooping your foop' is that you'll always be paying attention during the most important stage of the boil when boil overs can occur. By watching and skimming until the foam settles down, you should never experience a messy boil-over.
Removing the coagulated proteins also help reduce the chance of boil over to begin with (there's less foam to foam up), and results in less material to filter at the end of the boil.
We use a stainless steel skimmer to 'scoop our foop'.


Trinity endeavours to ensure that the fees for all courses are provided in a clear, understandable way. Below you can find the pathway to the breakdown of Trinity fees, as well as information which will allow you to determine if you are considered an EU or a Non-EU student by the University. This will have bearing on both your application method and the fee level you are eligible for.
Trinity offers a number of scholarship opportunities for prospective and current international students interested in study or research at Ireland's leading university. Since its foundation in 1592, Trinity has sought to assist students of limited means and reward academic achievement. Students are always encouraged to explore external funding options in their home countries.
Trinity accepts US federal student loans for tuition payment under the FAFSA system. Students apply at fafsa.ed.gov and use Trinity's school code G06842. Student loans will be paid in two disbursements, once in August and again in January. If you borrow more than is needed for tuition fees (to cover living expenses, for example), Trinity will receive the disbursement from the loan provider, deduct the amount due towards your student's tuition bill and distribute the remaining funds directly to the student.


text:
Le procès des généraux () était une parodie de procès organisé par les autorités communistes de Pologne entre le  et le . Son but était de purifier la nouvelle armée polonaise pro-soviétique des officiers qui avaient servi dans les forces armées de la Pologne de l'Entre-deux-guerres ou dans la résistance anti-nazie durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Le procès fut utilisé par les autorités dans la conquête politique pour le pouvoir dans la nouvelle administration communiste, et contre le maréchal de Pologne Michał Rola-Żymierski et également contre les généraux Marian Spychalski et , dont la faction politique était tombée en disgrâce. Le procès fut mené par le colonel stalinien .

Tous les officiers arrêtés furent faussement accusés de conspiration contre le Parti ouvrier unifié polonais et de collaboration avec les services secrets anglais et américains.
Le soi-disant procès TUN – un acronyme pour le nom de trois des plus importants participants : Tatar-Utnik-Nowicki, fut lancé en 1951 contre les gardiens du Fonds national de défense (FON) secrètement volé par les forces de sécurité de Jakub Berman en 1947.

Tous les accusés furent condamnés à l'emprisonnement à vie, dont , ,  et Stanisław Tatar. Les colonels ,  et  furent condamnés à quinze ans de prison, pendant que le major Roman et le commandant Wacek étaient condamnés à douze ans. Durant le soi-disant « procès d'éclat », plus de quatre-vingt-six officiers de l'armée polonaise, de la marine et des forces aériennes furent arrêtés et jugés. La plupart d'entre eux furent torturés par la police secrète (Urząd Bezpieczeństwa) sous Roman Romkowski. Environ quarante officiers inculpés furent condamnés à mort. Seules les vingt premières exécutions furent appliquées (voir aussi : ).

En 1956, après la fin du stalinisme en Pologne, tous les emprisonnés furent relâchés, et  peu après durant l'Octobre polonais, à l'exception du général Herman qui fut assassiné en prison en 1952. Ce ne fut pas avant 1990, que tous les accusés à tort furent pleinement réhabilités (à l'exception du général Mossor).

Références

Bibliographie
 Poksińki Jerzy, "TUN". Tatar-Utnik-Nowicki. 1992, Bellona Publishing, Varsovie, 304 pages. .

Source

Voir aussi
 Procès des seize

Histoire contemporaine de la Pologne

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Each year, companies spend billions of dollars on product research and design. Studies indicate that anywhere from 40-50% of those resources are wasted on cancelled products or those which yield poor results. The largest sunk cost of product development occurs during the prototyping phase of the design process, yet engineering design research has largely overlooked this pivotal stage in the design process. Prototypes ranging from low fidelity (simple physical models) to high fidelity (fully functioning devices or systems) are used throughout the design process to communicate ideas, gather user feedback, explore parallel design concept, and make decisions. Prototypes are clearly critical artefacts in the design process, helping designers and design teams progress towards a finalized product; however, a structured prototyping framework that incorporates all of these insights and best practices into one cohesive strategy does not exist. We also know from previous work that structured prototyping methods can have enormous benefits for individual designers, design teams, and end products; however, many of these insights from research have not been translated into practice. This TECH talk will review a new theoretical framework for prototyping called Prototype for X or PFX. PFX draws from Human-Centered Design (HCD), Design Thinking (DT), and Design for X (DFX) frameworks and methods to enhance the design process and enable designers to prototype more effectively. Among the anticipated impacts of PFX are increases in user satisfaction, technical quality, and manufacturability of end designs. Results from a between-subjects analysis indicate that PFX methods helped increase the desirability, feasibility, and viability of end designs. These results imply that teams introduced to PFX methods produced prototypes that outperformed designs from the control teams across user satisfaction, perceived value, and manufacturability metrics. This work will improve our understanding of the prototyping process and highlight the potential impact that structured prototyping methods could have on end designs.
Jessica Menold is pursuing her PhD in Mechanical Engineering with a focus on Design Theory and Methodology. She obtained her Bachelor's degree from the Pennsylvania State University in 2013 and is expected to graduate with her PhD in May of this year. She is interested in exploring prototyping and its role throughout the product development process. Jessica is also interested in entrepreneurship and has founded a prosthetic device company as well as an educational toy company. She won the ASME Innovation Showcase for her company, Amparo, and won a summer fellowship to further develop her second company, CurioSpace. Amparo, the prosthetic socket Jessica designed, was recently named as one of 2016's top five social innovations. Jessica is also the recipient of the ASME 2016 Teaching Fellowship.


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Ambassador Labs Combats Tool Sprawl with Developer Control Plane – InApps Technology 2022
DevOps, Tech News
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Ambassador Labs, the company behind both the Emissary Ingress and Telepresence Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) projects, recently introduced its Ambassador Developer Control Plane (DCP) in an effort to combat the tool sprawl that CEO Richard Li says is plaguing developers.
"Developers who are building software on Kubernetes, they are being asked not to just write code, but they're also being asked to ship and run that code," said Li. "Basically, the premise is that developers should actually own the full lifecycle of those services. These developers are being asked to manage a lot more tools than they did previously. Before, you just needed to manage the tools for coding, but now you have to manage tools for shipping software and running that software."
Ambassador Labs, Li said, is itself responsible for a number of those tools, and saw companies, again and again, trying to stitch them together to make their developers' lives easier, before realizing that "we have the expertise to do this better than anyone, because we are actually using and maintaining the CNCF tools."
Using that expertise, Ambassador Labs created Ambassador DCP, which brings together open source CNCF projects Envoy, Emissary-ingress, Argo, and Telepresence, as well as its own proprietary Edge Stack that's built on Envoy and Emissary-ingress, to provide developers with a single location to code, ship and run their software. While Ambassador DCP is built using those tools, it also brings together a number of other tools, such as source management, continuous integration, manifest and container management, Kubernetes runtime and observability tools.
Read More: Upskilling Developers to Meet Today's Security Challenges – InApps 2022
Ambassador DCP first helps developers by integrating Telepresence, which lets them run a single service locally while connecting that service to a remote Kubernetes cluster. In practice, this means that developers can use the IDE of their choice and can debug code as if it were running locally on their machine — something that they couldn't otherwise do when that code is running on a Kubernetes cluster. Next, Argo helps developers to ship code and perform things like canary deployments, which Li explains also requires the help of Emissary Ingress and Edge Stack. Edge Stack then allows developers to observe and optimize traffic to their services, where any number of observability solutions are available. And all of this, Li explains, is done via a GitOps approach, wherein changes are made to a code repository that acts as the single source of truth.
"From an orchestration perspective, in terms of making changes in your cluster, what we do is we actually embrace a full GitOps workflow. When you want to make a change in configuration, you use the user interface in the developer control plane to make that change, but behind the scenes, the developer control plane is actually making a pull request or change in your source control repository," said Li. "We're actually integrating with your existing GitOps-based workflow, we're not actually taking over and being yet another sort of source of truth or center of gravity. We're just basically simplifying how you manage everything. So you could actually stop using the control plane, and you can just go back to writing your pull requests by hand, and there would be no sort of material impact other than it's a lot more work."
As for naming the project, Li said that companies like Netflix, Google, Spotify, and Yelp have been using in-house developer control planes known by various other names for a while now. However, the Ambassador DCP name borrows from the cloud-native trend of "control planes," which itself takes its terminology from networking, and Li said it was an attempt at finding a middle ground.
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"It's not infrastructure software, it's not a platform as a service, which is probably the closest comparison. It's really this middle ground between your infrastructure and platform as a service," explained Li. "What we're doing in Ambassador is introducing a turnkey developer control plane. That doesn't mean that it's the only developer control plane on the market. There's plenty of people who build their own from the CNCF tools, and we're perfectly happy with that. We're not trying to create this brand new thing from scratch. It's really this concept of a control plane has started to come into the fore as more and more developers start using Kubernetes in the cloud."
Currently, Ambassador DCP runs on Kubernetes in the cloud as a SaaS offering, but Li expects to release an on-premise offering later this year. For those considering Ambassador DCP, Li advised that companies just starting out with cloud native development actually hold off until they figure out what tools they really need and where they need to integrate them.
Ambassador DCP is free to get started, and then is provided on an annual subscription based on how many services are running and the overall size of the architecture involved. Looking ahead, Li said that they are "already getting tons of requests to integrate other parts of the CNCF stack" with Flux, the set of continuous and progressive delivery solutions for Kubernetes, leading the pack.
InApps Technology is a wholly owned subsidiary of Insight Partners, an investor in the following companies mentioned in this article: Ambassador Labs.
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The SPS Pantera by Metro Arms is a recoil operated semi-automatic Pistol produced during 2013 which sells new for $1,895.00 and has an estimated used valuation of $1,400.00. It's caliber is listed at .45 Automatic with a muzzle velocity (MV) From 830 to 1140 ft/sec, muzzle energy (ME) From 333 to 573 ft-lb, and muzzle weight (WT) From 165 to 230 grains. The Metro Arms SPS Pantera has fiber-optic front, adj. BoMar rear sights, a black polymer grip, black chrome finish steel frame, and a single-action (SA) trigger. This handgun has a 12-round magazine with a maximum capacity of 13 rounds. The SPS Pantera has a recoil factor of 7.06 ft-lb and IDPA Power Factor of 196614.


A contact lens placed on the surface of the eye helps to improve your eye performance. It usually is very thin to make the vision clear. The lenses are medical tools, therefore, used to correct vision. However, nowadays people also use them for cosmetic purposes.
Many people are wearing contact lenses today to have a changed appearance of their eyes or to avoid putting on eye wears. Contact lenses are unique in such a way that they do not collect moisture. Moreover, the lenses are tolerable. One can wear sunglasses, or other eye wears without worrying about the compatibility.
The reason for contact lenses is to give a solution to various eye conditions such as astigmatism and myopia. The increasing market for lenses will continue to expand due to the growing population, desire to attract compliments and advancement of the technology.
Unfortunately, not every person is eligible for wearing these devices. Many are the reasons why some people cannot wear the tools. Some people have shapes of their eyes that do not allow them to wear lenses. If you are suffering from a health condition, such as dry eye syndrome, it is not right to use lenses.
People with nearsightedness have no lenses that can collect their condition; thus, I prefer that they should not try to use them. When you are using a contact lens, you need to be disinfecting them from time to time. The disinfectant solution affects some people and might cause loss of sight or even blindness.
When you are suffering from dry eye syndrome, a condition caused by the tear glands not producing enough tears it is impossible to use lenses. Although there are lenses designed to help generate more tears, still it becomes uncomfortable for you to use the tools.
I can assure you it is certain that people with diabetes should keep off using contact lenses because they are always ready to contact infections. Even when the infections are mild, it is risky for the people who are diabetic. It becomes difficult and will take longer to cope with the infection.
Some children want to go ahead with using the contact lenses to change the look of their eyes. If your child wants to use the eye contact lens, I will term this as a bad idea. The earliest stage for you to use the tool is when you are already an adolescent. The eye of a child is sensitive and also tender; it might catch infections easily.
Handling of the contact lenses is not a simple task. Due care and skills are crucial to maintaining the tools in the best condition always. Other lenses need changing after some time, and others are disposable. You should not go to sleep with lenses in your eyes. Remove before sleeping and new ones put on in the next day.
Anyone who does not know about contact lenses should not be in a hurry to put them on. You should consult a medical practitioner who will help to prescribe and explain the schedule for every type of the lenses.
You should talk to your doctor to gather enough information.
You should do some research on the sources that give some certain contacts.
Always keep the lenses clean and exercise enough care to avoid contamination.
Follow all the instructions strictly around lens' products and the contact lenses themselves.
Be consistent on the schedule for wearing and replacement.
Always contact your professional for the matters on the health of your eye and vision capability.


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Q: using getline for a c++ string to include spaces
Possible Duplicate:
Reading a full line of input

I came across this snippet of code as a way to input a string (not a c string of char type) and have it read the whole line rather than stopping at the first space.  Can someone give me an actual example of this where I want to input the line until a newline character is hit?
istream& getline(istream& ins, string& strVar);

A: Simple google search of "getline sample": http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/3ah895zy(v=vs.80).aspx
string s;
getline(cin, s);


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Strengthening risk-informed decision-making: Scenarios for human vulnerability and exposure to extreme events
Various risk assessments in the context of climate change examine changes in climatic conditions and respective hazards e.g. for the year 2030, 2050 and 2100, but juxtapose this information with data on vulnerability referring to the present. This is a
Germany gives € 5 million for Sendai Framework implementation
The German Government has announced strong support for the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, the global plan to reduce disaster losses, including €5 million for implementation over the next three years.
European scientists convene on disaster risk
A new European Science and Technology Advisory Group (E-STAG) convened this week in Sofia, Bulgaria, to focus on improving disaster risk knowledge in 55 countries across Europe and Central Asia.
UN Bonn office to monitor global disaster losses
The UN Secretary-General's Special Representative for Disaster Risk Reduction, Mr. Robert Glasser, today announced that next year will see the start of worldwide monitoring of disaster losses from extreme weather events and earthquakes through the Bonn office of the UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR).
Risk in focus at model UN
Hundreds of university students from around the world have set their sights on reducing the risk of disasters, during the first-ever edition in Japan of the National Model United Nations.
Climate early warning initiative focuses on most vulnerable
African Least Developed Countries and Pacific Islands will be the first to benefit from upgraded early warning systems against weather and climate-related shocks under an action plan outlined at the United Nations climate change conference.
#IDDR2016: Europe's Meteolarm offers life-saving alerts
Rolled out in the wake of one of the deadliest storms to strike Europe in decades, the continent-wide weather information service Meteoalarm plays a life-saving role by raising public awareness of how to curb risks, and fosters international cooperation into the bargain.
International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR) programme forum 1999 - proceedings
This document summarizes the outcomes of the Programme Forum and presents the progress made in disaster prevention and risk reduction during the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR).
Switzerland prepares for an earthquake
UNISDR chief Margareta Wahlström today congratulated Switzerland for getting ready to face the consequences of a major earthquake even if the last one happened over 1,000 years ago.
Cities to help create Post-HFA framework
The Mayor of Bonn, Jürgen Nimptsch, who helped launch the "Making Cities Resilient" campaign two years ago is now urging mayors around the world to get involved in the UNISDR-led consultations taking place on a post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction.


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on 5 Jul 2016
License application for Andrews nuclear waste site missing key safety, security details
By Julia Deng, Reporter
KXXV News
Waste Control Specialists has until late July to submit the information omitted in their initial license application. (Source: KWES)
ANDREWS COUNTY, TX (KWES) – Federal regulators declined to review a license application submitted by Waste Control Specialists (WCS) for a high-level nuclear waste facility in Andrews County, records revealed.
WCS, a Dallas-based company with a nearly 15,000-acre site in western Andrews County, filed the application with plans to expand its existing low-level radioactive waste site.
The proposed facility would house spent fuel rods from nuclear reactors across the country for at least 40 years.
However, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) officials determined the company's license application lacked "sufficient technical information"and safety-related details, according to a letter dated June 22 from the commission to WCS.
"There may have been some things that we needed to get them,"explained Chuck McDonald, a spokesman for the company. "We didn't give them the proper information the first time around, but our technical folks have looked through the NRC's letter and we're confident that we'll be able to get them all the additional information that they need by their July 28th [deadline]."
The application submitted by WCS failed to include appropriate emergency plans and adequate information about how accidents involving radioactive waste storage casks could be prevented, among other safety- and security-related details, according to a 30-page "Request for Supplemental Information and Observations"from regulators.
"Why should we trust a company that can't get its paperwork complete to safely construct and operate a facility that could hold up to 40,000 metric tons of lethal nuclear reactor waste for 40 or more years?" said Tom Smith, regional director for Public Citizen, a non-profit safety advocacy group. "This isn't just a paperwork issue. It's a serious safety issue."
McDonald, an Austin resident, said he "would have no concerns at all"about living near the facility.
"In 50 years of transporting nuclear waste around the country, there has never – as in zero – been an accident that resulted in the release of radioactive material,"he said.
WCS has until late July to respond with the required application materials.
If sufficient information cannot be submitted, officials said, the application ultimately may not be accepted for review.
"The incomplete WCS license application reflects disregard for people around Texas who would be put at radioactive risk," Smith said. "Andrews County should rescind their approval of this project and only reconsider it if and when WCS can prove they can handle this waste safely."
Andrews County officials did not immediately return calls for comment.
Copyright 2016 KWES. All rights reserved.


Thanks to the stars for giving us some sick burns.
An Ode to...is a weekly column where we share the stuff we're really into in hopes that you'll be really into it, too.
The stars have aligned in perfect harmony... to call us all out.
Hundreds of millennial and Gen Z astrology pros have created dedicated meme accounts to help us use our moon, sun, and rising signs to figure out just what the heck is going on in our lives. Brutally honest accounts like @astromemequeen, @jakesastrology, and @astrowonders give us their hilarious takes on how we're thriving, or not. But they can also show how we can all use our star signs to better relate to each other.
Shoutout to @bethanys_best_pets what's Josie's sign??
As these zodiac meme accounts have taken over Instagram feeds, they've been calling out everything from Scorpio moon coping mechanisms, to Libra decision-making skills, and Cancers being in their feelings. Astrology memes are here for us to take a long, hard look at our lives, but will also allow us to laugh about our idiosyncrasies at the same time.
The personalities behind the accounts themselves also have distinct voices, and create strong bonds with the followers they so lovingly use the stars to roast. One such popular account is @notallgeminis. Courtney Perkins, who runs the account with almost 400,000 followers, frequently uses pop culture references and icons to get us in touch with our emotions.
THE SIGNS AS DCOMS! (*Disney Channel Original Movies for you uncultured swine) 🥳 LINK TO ARTICLE IN BIO BABY!
Perkins also frequently uses Instagram polls to ask the tough questions — such as who's "most likely to get scammed in a pyramid scheme," Pisces or Leo? Or who's "more likely to zone out for a full 7 minutes at a group hang," Aquarius or Pisces? The answer to both questions was Pisces.
"I think people are looking for answers in any way that they can — especially in the younger age group, Perkins said in an interview with Insider. "Most of us have given up on religion, our government has failed us, and this is something that is both a distraction and a way of understanding the people around us in a really laughable way that also feels just spiritual enough."
No longer just relegated to the horoscope back page of a newspaper, these memes can take on all different kinds formats. Pie charts, bingo cards, adaptions of already popular memes, mood boards, and screenshots from popular cartoons are all fair game. But the message is still the same across accounts — we can make sense of the world, and our roles in it, by looking inside ourselves.
Sometimes that message can get muddled if you're not an expert on Neptunes, stelliums, or anything else just beyond your main sun sign. But part of the fun is deciphering how these memes fit our own lives.
While these celestial call-out posts might feel a little too real at times, these memes speak to our innate need to feel understood. However petty it might seem, these accounts — and to a certain extent, astrology itself — has created a community of people able to vent and go through similar emotional struggles together.
But hey, maybe that's just the Cancer rising, Pisces moon in me talking.


This seminar will explain the psychrometric calculations required for the application of a chilled beam system. Additionally, the requirements for a dedicated outside air unit will be determined for areas of high wet bulb ambient conditions. Engineers have been reluctant to design or specify these types of systems due to condensation concerns within the conditioned space. This seminar presents the correct calculations for design and selection of condensation free systems. Examples of successful installations in high wet bulb areas are presented.
This presentation focuses on successful installations of chilled beam systems. Correct psychrometric conditions, building pressurization and control sequences are highlighted.
This presentation demonstrates the correct use of psychrometric calculations in the application of chilled beam systems for the conditioned space.
This seminar discusses the evolution of underfloor system design over the last 20 years. Early design practices and challenges are discussed and how some of those challenges led to the invent of the latest systems and their application. Project related CFD results are also shared to review how the new way of designing is pushing the envelope with energy savings. The presentation also covers items that engineers need to be aware of while applying these systems. The importance of a collaborative approach is discussed to achieve the best possible integration with building structure and services.
The major challenge for design of underfloor air distribution systems is the reconciliation of comfort requirements between the interior and perimeter zones served by the system. For a variety of reasons, the past UFAD design strategy has proved less effective. Newer strategies have been proposed and applied to overcome this issue. Each of these strategies has implications for the building architecture, first cost and performance for specific weather conditions. Some strategies may even be used together. This presentation reviews each of these strategies, discusses their benefits and limitations and presents energy modeling results for the strategies for a large office project.
Presentation content includes items that engineers need to be aware of so that obstacles to a successfully operating system can be avoided. UFAD systems are highly integrated with other services and more closely couple with the building structure than compared to traditional overhead mixing systems. This inherent characteristic of UFAD systems demands an integrated and collaborative approach when working on these types of projects. This seminar addresses issues that need attention and sometimes get overlooked when designers treat UFAD projects similar to overhead mixing system during design.
This session covers the history of ADPI and the recently completed RP 1546 Expansion and Updating of the Air Diffusion Performance Index Method conduct at the University of Texas. The session consists of four presentations: Background of using ADPI in diffuser selection process, Updated ADPI tables for cooling operation, Additional development of the effective draft temperature for heating, Findings from the research to ensure ventilation effectiveness in overhead heating applications and Effect of return air placement in heating applications. A preview of the updates which will be included in the ASHRAE Application Handbook Room Air Distribution Chapter is included.
The current diffuser selection guide described in ASHRAE handbook-fundamentals provides the correlation between diffuser characteristics, such as throw length and types, and its performance to distribute supply air and thereby to optimize space air diffusion. However, the current guideline considers only five diffuser types and the range of sensible cooling loads that is up to four times larger than those we find in today's energy efferent buildings. This presentation shows the updated ADPI-based guideline that includes 15 diffuser types at lower cooling loads, typical for today's buildings. The new guideline shows the minimum airflow set-point for a VAV systems.
The performance of air distribution using overhead mixing diffusers is evaluated using ADPI. The ADPI methods is often used for selection of diffusers used for both cooling and heating. However, the current diffuser selection guide confines the application to only cooling mode. This presentation introduces a new ADPI for heating mode and specify the criteria of diffuser selection from the perspectives fluid dynamics and occupant thermal comfort based on ASHRAE Standard-55. The presentation covers the development of the effective draft temperature for heating applications and the resulting ADPIs curves with various diffuser types.
This presentation provides fundamental design data that supports optimal diffuser selection in mixing ventilation with heating and cooling operation. It shows how diffuser adjustment, room-supply air temperature differences and return air grille location impact ADPI and EV. The study points out connections between ADPI and EV and shows similarities and differences for heating and cooling operation. It presents the operation characteristic that provide good EV while maintaining acceptable ADPI. Also, it shows how diffuser adjustment may improve EV. Furthermore, the presentation shows the cases where return air location may have a significant effect on ADPI and EV.
The effective draft temperature was experimentally developed in 1949 in Sweden. This is the current equation used to calculate ADPI for cooling. In 1972 Nevins and Miller presented an ASHRAE paper which determined that boundaries for ADPI to obtain a 70% occupant comfort level. After 33 years, this method needed many updates as buildings and air distribution systems changed. The ASHRAE RP 1546 updated and confirmed the ADPI predicted comfort levels using Standard 55. It produced the effective draft temperature equation for heating. Furthermore, it developed ADPI values that can predict thermal mixing in heating.