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OSTI.GOV Journal Article: Tungsten impurity transport experiments in Alcator C-Mod to address high priority research and development for ITER
Title: Tungsten impurity transport experiments in Alcator C-Mod to address high priority research and development for ITER
Other Related Research
Experiments in Alcator C-Mod tokamak plasmas in the Enhanced D-alpha H-mode regime with ITER-like mid-radius plasma density peaking and Ion Cyclotron Resonant heating, in which tungsten is introduced by the laser blow-off technique, have demonstrated that accumulation of tungsten in the central region of the plasma does not take place in these conditions. The measurements obtained are consistent with anomalous transport dominating tungsten transport except in the central region of the plasma where tungsten transport is neoclassical, as previously observed in other devices with dominant neutral beam injection heating, such as JET and ASDEX Upgrade. In contrast to such results, however, the measured scale lengths for plasma temperature and density in the central region of these Alcator C-Mod plasmas, with density profiles relatively flat in the core region due to the lack of core fuelling, are favourable to prevent inter and intra sawtooth tungsten accumulation in this region under dominance of neoclassical transport. Simulations of ITER H-mode plasmas, including both anomalous (modelled by the Gyro-Landau-Fluid code GLF23) and neoclassical transport for main ions and tungsten and with density profiles of similar peaking to those obtained in Alcator C-Mod show that accumulation of tungsten in the central plasma region is alsomore » unlikely to occur in stationary ITER H-mode plasmas due to the low fuelling source by the neutral beam injection (injection energy ∼ 1 MeV), which is in good agreement with findings in the Alcator C-Mod experiments.« less
Loarte, A.; Polevoi, A. R.; Hosokawa, M. [1]; Reinke, M. L. [2]; Chilenski, M.; Howard, N.; Hubbard, A.; Hughes, J. W.; Rice, J. E.; Walk, J. [3]; Köchl, F. [4]; Pütterich, T.; Dux, R. [5]; Zhogolev, V. E. [6]
+ Show Author Affiliations
ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 St Paul Lez Durance Cedex (France)
York Plasma Institute, Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD (United Kingdom)
Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 (United States)
Technische Universität Wien, Atominstitut, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna (Austria)
Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmanstraße 2, D-85748 Garching (Germany)
NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Kurchatov Square 1, 123098 Moscow (Russian Federation)
OSTI Identifier:
Journal Name:
Physics of Plasmas
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 22; Journal Issue: 5; Other Information: (c) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X
Country of Publication:
70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; ALCATOR DEVICE; ASDEX TOKAMAK; BEAM INJECTION; BEAM INJECTION HEATING; ECR HEATING; ELECTRON TEMPERATURE; H-MODE PLASMA CONFINEMENT; ION TEMPERATURE; ITER TOKAMAK; JET TOKAMAK; LASERS; NEOCLASSICAL TRANSPORT THEORY; PLASMA DENSITY; PLASMA IMPURITIES; PLASMA INSTABILITY; PLASMA SIMULATION; TUNGSTEN
Loarte, A., Polevoi, A. R., Hosokawa, M., Reinke, M. L., Chilenski, M., Howard, N., Hubbard, A., Hughes, J. W., Rice, J. E., Walk, J., Köchl, F., Pütterich, T., Dux, R., and Zhogolev, V. E. Tungsten impurity transport experiments in Alcator C-Mod to address high priority research and development for ITER. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.1063/1.4921253.
Loarte, A., Polevoi, A. R., Hosokawa, M., Reinke, M. L., Chilenski, M., Howard, N., Hubbard, A., Hughes, J. W., Rice, J. E., Walk, J., Köchl, F., Pütterich, T., Dux, R., & Zhogolev, V. E. Tungsten impurity transport experiments in Alcator C-Mod to address high priority research and development for ITER. United States. doi:10.1063/1.4921253.
Loarte, A., Polevoi, A. R., Hosokawa, M., Reinke, M. L., Chilenski, M., Howard, N., Hubbard, A., Hughes, J. W., Rice, J. E., Walk, J., Köchl, F., Pütterich, T., Dux, R., and Zhogolev, V. E. Fri . "Tungsten impurity transport experiments in Alcator C-Mod to address high priority research and development for ITER". United States. doi:10.1063/1.4921253.
@article{osti_22410395,
title = {Tungsten impurity transport experiments in Alcator C-Mod to address high priority research and development for ITER},
author = {Loarte, A. and Polevoi, A. R. and Hosokawa, M. and Reinke, M. L. and Chilenski, M. and Howard, N. and Hubbard, A. and Hughes, J. W. and Rice, J. E. and Walk, J. and Köchl, F. and Pütterich, T. and Dux, R. and Zhogolev, V. E.},
abstractNote = {Experiments in Alcator C-Mod tokamak plasmas in the Enhanced D-alpha H-mode regime with ITER-like mid-radius plasma density peaking and Ion Cyclotron Resonant heating, in which tungsten is introduced by the laser blow-off technique, have demonstrated that accumulation of tungsten in the central region of the plasma does not take place in these conditions. The measurements obtained are consistent with anomalous transport dominating tungsten transport except in the central region of the plasma where tungsten transport is neoclassical, as previously observed in other devices with dominant neutral beam injection heating, such as JET and ASDEX Upgrade. In contrast to such results, however, the measured scale lengths for plasma temperature and density in the central region of these Alcator C-Mod plasmas, with density profiles relatively flat in the core region due to the lack of core fuelling, are favourable to prevent inter and intra sawtooth tungsten accumulation in this region under dominance of neoclassical transport. Simulations of ITER H-mode plasmas, including both anomalous (modelled by the Gyro-Landau-Fluid code GLF23) and neoclassical transport for main ions and tungsten and with density profiles of similar peaking to those obtained in Alcator C-Mod show that accumulation of tungsten in the central plasma region is also unlikely to occur in stationary ITER H-mode plasmas due to the low fuelling source by the neutral beam injection (injection energy ∼ 1 MeV), which is in good agreement with findings in the Alcator C-Mod experiments.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4921253},
journal = {Physics of Plasmas},
issn = {1070-664X},
number = 5,
volume = 22,
place = {United States},
month = {5}
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DOI: 10.1063/1.4921253
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Tungsten impurity transport experiments in Alcator C-Mod to address high priority research and development for ITER
Journal Article Loarte, A. ; Reinke, M. L. ; Polevoi, A. R. ; ... - Physics of Plasmas
Experiments in Alcator C-Mod tokamak plasmas in the Enhanced D-alpha H-mode regime with ITER-like mid-radius plasma density peaking and Ion Cyclotron Resonant heating, in which tungsten is introduced by the laser blow-off technique, have shown that accumulation of tungsten in the central region of the plasma does not take place in these conditions. The measurements obtained are consistent with anomalous transport dominating tungsten transport except in the central region of the plasma where tungsten transport is neoclassical, as previously observed in other devices with dominant neutral beam injection heating, such as JET and ASDEX Upgrade. In contrast to such results,more » yet, the measured scale lengths for plasma temperature and density in the central region of these Alcator C-Mod plasmas, with density profiles relatively flat in the core region due to the lack of core fuelling, are favourable to prevent inter and intra sawtooth tungsten accumulation in this region under dominance of neoclassical transport. Simulations of ITER H-mode plasmas, including both anomalous (modelled by the Gyro-Landau-Fluid code GLF23) and neoclassical transport for main ions and tungsten and with density profiles of similar peaking to those obtained in Alcator C-Mod show that accumulation of tungsten in the central plasma region is also unlikely to occur in stationary ITER H-mode plasmas due to the low fuelling source by the neutral beam injection (injection energy ∼ 1 MeV), which is in consistent agreement with findings in the Alcator C-Mod experiments.« less
Partnership for Edge Physics Simulation
Technical Report Kritz, Arnold H. ; Rafiq, Tariq
A major goal of our participation in the Edge Physics Simulation project has been to contribute to the understanding of the self-organization of tokamak turbulence fluctuations resulting in the formation of a staircase structure in the ion temperature. A second important goal is to demonstrate how small scale turbulence in plasmas self-organizes with dynamically driven quasi-stationary flow shear. These goals have been accomplished through the analyses of the statistical properties of XGC1 flux driven Gyrokinetic electrostatic ion temperature gradient (ITG) turbulence simulation data in which neutrals are included. The ITG turbulence data, and in particular fluctuation data, were obtained frommore » a massively parallel flux-driven gyrokinetic full-f particle-in-cell simulation of a DIII-D like equilibrium. Below some the findings are summarized. It was observed that the emergence of staircase structure is related to the variations in the normalized temperature gradient length (R/LT) and the poloidal flow shear. Average turbulence intensity is found to be large in the vicinity of minima in R/LTi, where ITG growth is expected to be lower. The distributions of the occurrences of potential fluctuation are found to be Gaussian away from the staircase-step locations, but they are found to be non-Gaussian in the vicinity of staircase-step locations. The results of analytically derived expressions for the distribution of the occurrences of turbulence intensity and intensity flux were compared with the corresponding quantities computed using XGC1 simulation data and good agreement is found. The derived expressions predicts inward and outward propagation of turbulence intensity flux in an intermittent fashion. The outward propagation of turbulence intensity flux occurs at staircase-step locations and is related to the change in poloidal flow velocity shear and to the change in the ion temperature gradient. The standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis for turbulence quantities were computed and found to be large in the vicinity of the staircase-step structures. Large values of skewness and kurtosis can be explained by a temporary opening and closing of the structure which allows turbulence intensity events to propagate. The staircase patterns may reduce the ion heat transport and a manipulation of these patterns may be used to optimize heat transport in tokamaks. An additional objective of the research in support of the Edge Physics Simulation initiative has been to improve the understanding of scrape-off layer thermal transport. In planning experiments and designing future tokamaks, it is important to understand the physical effects that contribute to divertor heat-load fluxes. The research accomplished will contribute to developing new models for the scrape-off layer region. The XGC0 code was used to compute the heat fluxes and the heat-load width in the outer divertor plates of C-Mod and DIII-D tokamaks. It was observed that the width of the XGC0 neoclassical heat-load was approximately inversely proportional to the total plasma current. Anomalous transport in the H-mode pedestal region of five Alcator C-Mod discharges, representing a collisionality scan, was analyzed. The understanding of anomalous transport in the pedestal region is important for the development of a comprehensive model for the H-mode pedestal slope. It was found that the electron thermal anomalous diffusivities at the pedestal top increase with the electron collisionality. This dependence can point to the DRIBM as the modes that drive the anomalous transport in the plasma edge of highly collisional discharges. The effects of plasma shaping on the H-mode pedestal structure was also investigated. The differences in the predicted H-mode pedestal width and height for the DIII-D discharges with different elongation and triangularities were discussed. For the discharges with higher elongation, it was found that the gradients of the plasma profiles in the H-mode pedestal reach semi-steady states. In these simulations, the pedestal slowly continued to evolve to higher pedestal pressures and bootstrap currents until the peeling ballooning stability conditions were satisfied. The discharges with lower elongation do not reach the semi-steady state, and ELM crashes were triggered at earlier times. The plasma elongation was found to have a stronger stabilizing effect than the plasma triangularity. For the discharges with lower elongation and lower triangularity, the ELM frequency was large, and the H-mode pedestal evolves rapidly. It was found that the temperature of neutrals in the scrape-off-layer region can affect the dynamics of the H-mode pedestal buildup. However, the final pedestal profiles were nearly independent of the neutral temperature. The elongation and triangularity affected the pedestal widths of plasma density and electron temperature profiles differently. This study illustrated a new mechanism for controlling the pedestal bootstrap current and the pedestal stability.« less
DOI: 10.2172/1408504
Benefits and Challenges of the Use of High-Z Plasma Facing Materials in Fusion Devices
Journal Article Neu, R. - AIP Conference Proceedings
The use of high-Z plasma facing components requires intensive research in all areas, i.e. in plasma wall-interaction, in the physics of the confined plasma, diagnostic, and in material development. Only a few present day divertor tokamaks - mainly Alcator C-Mod and ASDEX Upgrade - gained experience with the refractory metals molybdenum and tungsten, respectively. ASDEX Upgrade was stepwise converted from graphite to tungsten PFCs and in parallel a reduction of the deuterium retention by almost a factor of ten has been observed due to the strong suppression of D co-deposition with carbon. The deuterium retained in W is in linemore » with laboratory results. In order to diagnose W sources and the W content in the main plasma adequate spectroscopic methods had to be developed. As expected from the sputtering threshold of Mo and W, negligible erosion by the thermal divertor background plasma is found in ASDEX Upgrade and Alcator C-Mod under low temperature divertor conditions. However, erosion by fast particles and intrinsic impurities, which additionally might be accelerated in rectified electrical fields observed during ion cyclotron frequency heating, plays an important role. The Mo and W concentrations in the plasma centre are strongly affected by plasma transport and variations up to a factor of 50 are observed for similar influxes. However, it could be demonstrated that sawteeth and turbulent transport driven by central heating can suppress central accumulation. The inward transport of high-Z ions at the edge can be efficiently reduced by 'flushing' the pedestal region caused by frequent edge instabilities. Since with metal walls the edge radiation by low-Z impurities is reduced, it has to be substituted in a pure high-Z device by artificially injected low-Z impurities in order to keep the power load at an acceptable level. Experiments at ASDEX Upgrade suggest that a regime with benign erosion and favourable confinement can be achieved. Extrapolations to ITER and DEMO are difficult since the physics of plasma transport is not yet completely understood, the particle and energy fluxes are orders of magnitude higher and the technical boundary conditions in DEMO strongly differ from those of present day devices.« less
Development of an ITER relevant advanced scenario at ASDEX Upgrade
Journal Article Gruber, O. ; Sips, A.C.C. ; Staebler, A. ; ... - Physics of Plasmas
The 'improved H-mode', realized in ASDEX Upgrade [A. Herrmann and O. Gruber, Fusion Sci. Technol. 44, 569 (2003)] in 1998, demonstrates that advanced requirements beyond the standard H-mode for confinement [confinement enhancement factor H{sub 98(y,2)}>1], stability (normalized beta {beta}{sub N}{approx}3-3.5) and, at densities close to Greenwald density, exhaust can be simultaneously met and maintained stationary for several resistive diffusion times. The q profile is characterized by low central magnetic shear and axis safety factor q{sub 0}>1 that is obtained by particular heating and current ramp-up scenarios and maintained via benign instabilities. Core transport is still governed by drift-wave turbulence withmore » stiff temperature profiles, but density profiles are more strongly peaked and contribute to the increase in confinement. Neoclassical tearing modes remain small, enabling routine operation up to {beta}{sub N}{approx}3 at international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER) relevant collisionalities, for normalized Lamor radii down to four times the ITER value and for a broad range of q{sub 95}=3.2-4.5. Using tailored heat deposition including central wave heating a compromise was found in density peaking for enhanced confinement and limiting the high-Z impurity concentrations even with a tungsten-coated first wall and divertor. As far as the ITER [ITER EDA Documentation Series No. 24, 2002] relevance of this regime is concerned, its compatibility with significant central electron heating, high edge densities, and type-II edge localized modes is of importance. The GLF23 turbulence model predicts still peaked density profiles and sufficient transport to avoid impurity accumulation. The fusion performance in terms of {beta}{sub N}H{sub 98(y,2)}/q{sub 95}{sup 2} is nearly doubled compared with the ITER base-line scenario at low-q values, while at medium q's bootstrap current fractions up to 50% and long inductive pulse lengths allow ITER 'hybrid' operation.« less
Electron Temperature Fluctuation Measurements and Transport Model Validation at Alcator C-Mod
Technical Report White, Anne
The tokamak is a type of toroidal device used to confine a fusion plasma using large magnetic fields. Tokamaks and stellarators the leading devices for confining plasmas for fusion, and the capability to predict performance in these magnetically confined plasmas is essential for developing a sustainable fusion energy source. The magnetic configuration of tokamaks and stellarators does not exist in Nature, yet, the fundamental processes governing transport in fusion plasmas are universal – turbulence and instabilities, driven by inhomogeneity and asymmetry in the plasma, conspire to transport heat and particles across magnetic field lines and can play critical roles inmore » impurity confinement and generation of intrinsic rotation. Turbulence exists in all plasmas, and in neutral fluids as well. The study of turbulence is essential to developing a fundamental understanding of the nature of the fourth state of matter, plasmas. Experimental studies of turbulence in tokamaks date back to early scattering observations from the late 1970s. Since that time, great advances in turbulence diagnostics have been made, all of which have significantly enhanced our knowledge and understanding of turbulence in tokamaks. Through comparisons with advanced gyrokinetic theory and turbulent-transport models a great deal of evidence exists to implicate turbulent-driven transport as an important mechanism determining transport in all channels: heat, particle and momentum However, prediction and control of turbulent-driven transport remains elusive. Key to development of predictive transport models for magnetically confined fusion plasmas is validation of the nonlinear gyrokinetic transport model, which describes transport due to turbulence. Validation of gyrokinetic codes must include detailed and quantitative comparisons with measured turbulence characteristics, in addition to comparisons with inferred transport levels and equilibrium profiles. For this reason, advanced plasma diagnostics for studying core turbulence are needed in order to assess the accuracy of gyrokinetic models for turbulent-driven particle, heat and momentum transport. New core turbulence diagnostics at the world-class tokamaks Alcator C-Mod at MIT and ASDEX Upgrade at the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics have been designed, developed, and operated over the course of this project. These new instruments are capable of measuring electron temperature fluctuations and the phase angle between density and temperature fluctuations locally and quantitatively. These new data sets from Alcator C-Mod and ASDEX Upgrade are being used to fill key gaps in our understanding of turbulent transport in tokamaks. In particular, this project has results in new results on the topics of the Transport Shortfall, the role of ETG turbulence in tokamak plasmas, profile stiffness, the LOC/SOC transition, and intrinsic rotation reversals. These data are used in a rigorous process of "Transport model validation", and this group is a world-leader on using turbulence models to design new hardware and new experiments at tokamaks. A correlation electron cyclotron emission (CECE) diagnostic is an instrument used to measure micro-scale fluctuations (mm-scale, compared to the machine size of meters) of electron temperature in magnetically confined fusion plasmas, such as those in tokamaks and stellarators. These micro-scale fluctuations are associated with drift-wave type turbulence, which leads to enhanced cooling and mixing of particles in fusion plasmas and limits achieving the required temperatures and densities for self-sustained fusion reactions. A CECE system can also be coupled with a reflectometer system that measured micro-scale density fluctuations, and from these simultaneous measurements, one can extract the phase between the density (n) and temperature (T) fluctuations, creating an nT phase diagnostic. Measurements of the fluctuations and the phase angle between them are extremely useful for testing and validating predictive models for the transport of heat and particles in fusion plasmas due to turbulence. Once validated, the models are used to predict performance in ITER and other burning plasmas, such as the MIT ARC design. Most recently, data from the newly developed, so-called "CECE diagnostic" [Cima 1995, White 2008] and "nT phase angle measurements" [Haese 1999, White 2010] ]will be combined with data from density fluctuation diagnostics at ASDEX Upgrade to support a long-term program of physics research in turbulence and transport that will allow for more stringent testing and validation of gyrokinetic turbulent-transport codes. This work directly impacts the development of predictive transport models in the U.S. FES program, such as TGLF, developed by General Atomics, which are used to predict performance in ITER and other burning plasma devices as part of advancing the development of fusion energy sciences.« less
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Crete TOURnet: Home Crete Guide Minoan Palaces in Crete The New Palace Period
The New Palace Period
The Bull Relief at the North Entrance, Knossos
The Minoans built new palaces in Knossos, Festos and Malia immediately after the catastrophe of 1700 B.C. Many other smaller palaces appeared at the same time. The most important one was found in Zakros in the east side of Crete. The smaller palaces include the ones in Agia Triada, Arhanes, Amnisos, and the small palaces near Knossos and Malia.
The new palaces were simply glorious and mark the golden age of the Minoan civilization. The palace of Knossos is reputed to have 1,500 rooms. The most prominent features of the palaces include large central courts, large staircases connecting multiple storeys (up to five), numerous coloured wooden columns with capitals (forerunners of to the marble Greek columns with capitals of more than one thousand years later). The wooden columns were made of inverted tree trunks so that the wooden capital was placed on top of the wider portion of the tree. Cretan alabaster was extensively used for construction of benches, facades of buildings, and the throne. Many colourful, beautiful paintings on the walls gave a bright ambience. The light entering from the inner court, windows, and doors, combined with the bright colours of the paintings, made the palace a very attractive and lively centre.
All over the palace there were decorations of double axes (labrys) and bull horns. It is evident that the mystical labyrinth was the palace of Knossos itself where many double axes (labrys) existed, and where the large number of turns in the corridors of the palace confused the visitor, and caused him to lose his sense of direction.
The palaces of the New Period remained production centres of goods and of trade with the outside world. Workshops for stone carving, ceramics and seal-making were near the storage areas where large earthen jars (pithos) were filled with agricultural products. The road from the harbour to Knossos led to the north side of the palace which had an impressive entrance with double doors, temporary storage areas and grand rooms. A systematic check of products was done there, much as in a modern customs office.
A large part of the palaces was devoted to the royal apartments and to the worship of the gods or goddesses. The people gave offerings to them, which were listed and stored in various places within the palace. Special ceremonies and blood sacrifices (usually of a bull) took place in the presence of a few priests and the king as a high-priest. Other sacred ceremonies took place in the central courts, which were filled with people.
The new palaces were destroyed about 1450 B.C. Many associate the disaster with the explosion of the volcano of Thira. The palaces, with the exception of Knossos, were abandoned and were not reconstructed.
After 1450 B.C., Knossos shows signs of external influence which is manifested in a new writing script (Linear B) and a new pottery style found nowhere else (palatial style). Nevertheless, the final disaster for Knossos happened around 1400 B.C. Some smaller palaces in Agia Triada and Tilisos were built in the Postpalatial Period.
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Ohio, USA - search location
Ohio, USA: 55.405 locations
August weather forecast
Summerfield, OH
YearJFMAMJJAugustSOND
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August, the last month of the summer in Summerfield, is also a moderately hot month, with temperature in the range of an average high of 83.5°F (28.6°C) and an average low of 61°F (16.1°C).
In August, the average high-temperature is relatively the same as in July - a still moderately hot 83.5°F (28.6°C). The average low-temperature, in Summerfield, is 61°F (16.1°C).
In August, the average heat index is calculated to be a hot 91.4°F (33°C). Take extra precautions, as heat cramps and heat exhaustion are possible. Sustained activity may result in heatstroke.
Take into consideration that the heat index values are calculated for shade and light wind conditions. Exposure to direct sunshine can increase heat index values by up to 15 Fahrenheit (8 Celsius) degrees.
Note: The heat index, also known as 'feels like', 'real feel', 'apparent temperature', or 'felt air temperature', is a measure that combines air temperature and relative humidity into a single value that indicates how hot the weather feels. Additional factors like activity, differences in body mass, height, and shape, clothing, and metabolic differences affect individual temperature impact. Bear in mind that direct sunshine exposure increases weather impact, and may raise heat index by up to 15 Fahrenheit (8 Celsius) degrees. Heat index values are particularly important for children. Children are often less aware of the need to rest and re-hydrate. Thirst is a late sign of dehydration - it is vital to remain hydrated, particularly during prolonged physical activities.
July and August, with an average relative humidity of 76%, are the least humid months in Summerfield.
In Summerfield, during August, the rain falls for 13.3 days and regularly aggregates up to 1.3" (33mm) of precipitation. Throughout the year, there are 144.7 rainfall days, and 17.44" (443mm) of precipitation is accumulated.
In Summerfield, Ohio, snow does not fall in May through September.
In August, the average length of the day is 13h and 41min.
On the first day of August in Summerfield, Ohio, sunrise is at 6:24 am and sunset at 8:39 pm. On the last day of the month, sunrise is at 6:52 am and sunset at 7:58 pm EDT.
August has the most sunshine of the year, with an average of 10.2h of sunshine.
In August, the average daily maximum UV index is 5. A UV Index estimate of 3 to 5 represents a moderate health risk from unsafe exposure to UV radiation for ordinary individuals.
Note: The average daily UV index of 5 in August transform into the following instructions:
Take precautions. Light skin individuals may get burned in less than 30 minutes. The Sun's most intense and consequently most harmful UV radiation during midday hours should be decreased by minimizing exposure and seeking shade. Sun-protective clothing, a long-sleeved shirt and pants, a wide-brimmed hat, and UVA and UVB-blocking sunglasses are particularly helpful in blocking UV radiation's harmful effects.
What is the temperature in August in Summerfield?
The average high-temperature, in August, in Summerfield, Ohio, is 83.5°F (28.6°C), while the average low-temperature is 61°F (16.1°C). The average heat index (a.k.a. 'apparent temperature', 'real feel'), which combines air temperature and relative humidity, in August is calculated to be 91.4°F (33°C).
What are the least humid months in Summerfield?
July and August, with an average relative humidity of 76%, are the least humid months in Summerfield, Ohio.
What is the average humidity in August in Summerfield?
In Summerfield, Ohio, the average relative humidity in August is 76%.
How much does it rain in Summerfield in August?
In Summerfield, in August, it is raining for 13.3 days, with typically 1.3" (33mm) of accumulated precipitation.
When it does not snow in Summerfield?
How many hours of daylight does Summerfield have in August?
The average day length in August in Summerfield is 13h and 41min.
When are sunrise and sunset in August in Summerfield?
On the first day of August in Summerfield, sunrise is at 6:24 am and sunset at 8:39 pm. On the last day of the month, sunrise is at 6:52 am and sunset at 7:58 pm EDT.
What month has the most sunshine in Summerfield?
The month with the most sunshine in Summerfield is August, with an average of 10.2h of sunshine.
How many hours of sunshine does Summerfield have in August?
In Summerfield, Ohio, the average sunshine duration in August is 10.2h.
How high is the UV index in August in Summerfield?
In Summerfield, Ohio, the average daily maximum UV index in August is 5. A UV Index reading of 3 to 5 represents a moderate vulnerability from exposure to Sun's UV rays.
Average high temperature in August: 83.5°F
Average low temperature in August: 61°F
Average pressure in August: 30"Hg
Average wind speed in August: 4.5mph
Average humidity in August: 76%
Average rainfall in August: 1.3"
Average rainfall days in August: 13.3 days
Average snowfall in August: 0"
Average snowfall days in August: 0 days
Average daylight in August /
Average daylight in August: 13h and 41min
Average sunshine in August: 10h and 12min
The month with the most sunshine is August (Average sunshine: 10h and 12min).
Average sunshine days in August: 15.3 days
The month with the least sunshine days is February (10.3 days).
Average UV index in August: 5
The months with the highest UV index are June and July (UV index 6).
Average cloud cover in August: 34
Average visibility in August: 5mi
Summerfield, Ohio - Summer forecast. August weather forecast. Average monthly weather with temperature, pressure, humidity, precipitation, wind, daylight, sunshine, visibility, and UV index data. [2374888]


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Howard Edwards Ayers (October 30, 1921 – December 19, 2020), better known as Doc Ayers, was an American high school and college football coach.

Career

Football career
Ayers played high school football in his hometown of Toccoa, Georgia and at Darlington high school in Rome, Georgia. He played halfback. Ayers earned All Mid Conference honors and went to the University of Georgia on a scholarship he had received where he also played football. While playing at Georgia, Ayers sustained a knee injury at practice that ended his football career. Ayers helped coach the Georgia B team after his injury and was also a student trainer in 1946 through 1947.

Coaching career
Ayers' first head coaching job was in Lavonia, Georgia. He compiled a record of twenty-five wins, three losses, and two no contests.

Ayers would go on to coach at Winder, Georgia before making his way to Cedartown in 1952. Ayers was a big hit in Cedartown, known for his motivational half time speeches and his ability to get his players fired up before games.

In Ayers' time in Cedartown, he would gather a record of ninety one wins, forty three losses, and five no contests. He would capture two region championships, seven sub region championships,  and eventually a state championship in 1963. Ayers still holds the all-time record for most wins as a coach at Cedartown. The high school stadium would later be named "Doc" Ayers Memorial Stadium in commemoration to him.

In 1964, Ayers would become an assistant coach to Vince Dooley at the University of Georgia where he would coach for seventeen years. "Doc" coached the freshman team and was part of recruiting.  While coaching the freshman team, Ayers compiled a record of twenty-eight wins with twelve losses-- the best record in Georgia Football History.

Post coaching
Ayers was still very involved with the Cedartown football program. Once a week, he made an appearance at the Bulldogs' practice and gave motivational speeches to the team he loved and coached for so many years.

A charitable golf tournament named the Doc Ayers - Ray Beck golf tournament is held annually in Cedartown. Ayers co- hosted the tournament with Ray Beck at Cherokee Country Club. All the money from the tournament goes to the Polk County Community Foundation. Many former pro football and baseball players attend every year.

Accomplishments
Howard Ayers received many honors including Georgia State Class AAA Coach of the year and has been inducted into the Georgia Sports Hall of Fame. His last accomplishment was the induction into the Piedmont College Hall of Fame in 2008.

Personal life
Ayers was born in Toccoa, Georgia. He was the son of Dr. and Mrs. C. L. Ayers. The nickname "Doc" came to him because his father was a medical doctor. He married Connie Terrell who graduated from Shorter College. They had three children together; Bucky, Bunny, and Buzzy.

He died in December 2020 at the age of 98.

References

External links
Georgia Trend
Rome News Tribune
Legends: Georgians who lived impossible dreams By Gene Asher - Google Books

1922 births
2020 deaths
People from Rome, Georgia
People from Toccoa, Georgia
People from Winder, Georgia
People from Polk County, Georgia
People from Lavonia, Georgia
Sportspeople from the Atlanta metropolitan area
Players of American football from Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia Bulldogs football players
Coaches of American football from Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia Bulldogs football coaches
High school football coaches in Georgia (U.S. state)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Join ICMA for our 103rd Annual Conference October 22-25, 2017 in San Antonio/Bexar County, Texas. Since 1914, ICMA has sponsored an annual conference that enables local government managers and their staffs to network, discuss key management issues, review major local government developments, adopt policy statements, and conduct association business. Conference keynote addresses, educational sessions, workshops, and field demonstrations provide attendees with an unparalleled opportunity for acquiring new tools and techniques to address the problems facing communities and local government administrators today.
Read testimonials from attendees about the lasting value of attending the ICMA Annual Conference.


How many times have you said to yourself all I need is someone to give me a chance? Whether you are thinking about the next promotion you desperately want or that business idea you want to finally get off the ground, missed opportunity is one of our biggest deterrents. However, instead of dwelling on the no, the barriers or the what-ifs, all we need is to first tell ourself "YES". As a result, here are 5 questions to ask when you need to courage to say yes!
1. How will I feel if I don't move forward?
Regret is a powerful emotion and can really take over your spirit if you allow that to happen. Before I decided take the leap and open my business, I continuously had a feeling of wanting more. All I could think of day in and day out was starting my business, the people I would help and how my idea would create an opportunity for those in my industry. I literally could not think of anything else and knew I had to take a leap of faith and move forward. Do you have that same feeling? Will you feel regret if you don't try? Instead of being paralyzed by fear of moving forward or regret, use those some feelings to power forward.
2. What's the worst that can happen?
My mom always used the saying "The worst someone can tell you is no, and then you are back where you started. Nothing will be lost." When you need the courage to say yes, think about the worst case scenario. When you open your mind to all possibilities it is easier to be proactive and work against those risks. Nothing is impossible and a NO is just a sign of someone saying "not right now".
3. What steps do I need to move forward?
When you fail to plan it is an automatic plan to fail. If you need a little courage boost to say yes to your next big idea create a plan. Get crystal clear on what steps are needed to move forward. Set a drop dead date and work backwards from that date, step by step, until you reach your goal. The sense of accomplishment as you check off each item on your step by step list will give you that boost of confidence and give a jolt of momentum to keep going. Although you could be excited about the big end result, there is always a process and necessary steps to move forward efficiently. Identify what those are and create a plan of attack.
4. What resources do I already have that can help?
When you are not sure how to actually move forward think about all the resources already at your disposal. Connections on LinkedIn & Facebook, college friends and family may all come in handy. These can open windows of opportunity to connect with others in a particular area of industry that you have interest. If you are a side-hustler any free resource you can obtain that will give great value should be top of mind. Online resources like Udemy and Skillshare are also great options for courses and online learnings. Don't be afraid to ask for help or admit to something you don't know.
5. How can I get out of my own way?
The #1 source of encouragement you need to get out of your own way is YOU! Stop negative thinking and be more confident. Here's a few quick things you can do to practice positive thinking.
Enjoyed this article? Be sure to join the Boss Women Who Brunch Email list to be the first to know when we release more resources for you.


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S.1565 - Corps of Engineers Flood Control Civilian Advisory Council Act116th Congress (2019-2020)
Sen. Hawley, Josh [R-MO] (Introduced 05/21/2019)
Senate - Environment and Public Works
Senate - 05/21/2019 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Environment and Public Works. (All Actions)
Water Resources Development
Text: S.1565 — 116th Congress (2019-2020)All Information (Except Text)
There is one version of the bill.
Text available as:
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PDF (PDF provides a complete and accurate display of this text.) Tip?
Introduced in Senate (05/21/2019)
[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1565 Introduced in Senate (IS)]
1st Session
To establish a Corps of Engineers Flood Control Civilian Advisory
Council, and for other purposes.
Mr. Hawley (for himself and Mr. Grassley) introduced the following
bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Environment
and Public Works
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
This Act may be cited as the ``Corps of Engineers Flood Control
Civilian Advisory Council Act''.
SEC. 2. CORPS OF ENGINEERS FLOOD CONTROL.
(a) Advisory Council.--
(1) In general.--There is established a Corps of Engineers
Flood Control Civilian Advisory Council (referred to in this
section as the ``Advisory Council'').
(2) Membership.--
(A) In general.--The Advisory Council shall be
composed of--
(i) 2 members from each of--
(I) the State of Montana;
(II) the State of North Dakota;
(III) the State of South Dakota;
(IV) the State of Nebraska;
(V) the State of Iowa;
(VI) the State of Kansas; and
(VII) the State of Missouri; and
(ii) representatives of--
(I) the agriculture industry;
(II) the river commerce industry;
(III) other related industries, as
determined by the President.
(B) Selection.--Members of the Advisory Council
shall be appointed by the President, based on the
recommendations of the Senators of the States described
in subparagraph (A)(i).
(C) Deadline.--Members of the Advisory Council
shall be appointed by not later than 90 days after the
date of enactment of this Act.
(3) Meeting.--The first meeting of the Advisory Council
shall be not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of
(4) Duties.--The Advisory Council shall--
(A) develop recommendations on how to best revise
the Missouri River Mainstem Reservoir System Master
Water Control Manual to prioritize flood control and
navigation;
(B) submit to the Secretary of the Army, the
Committee on Environment and Public Works of the
Senate, and the Committee on Transportation and
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives a report
that includes those recommendations; and
(C) make the report under subparagraph (B) publicly
(5) Compensation.--
(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph
(B), the members of the Advisory Council shall serve
without compensation.
(B) Travel expenses.--The members of the Advisory
Council shall be allowed travel expenses, including per
diem in lieu of subsistence, at rates authorized for
employees of agencies under subchapter I of chapter 57
of title 5, United States Code, while away from their
homes or regular places of business in the performance
of services for the Advisory Council.
(C) Treatment.--The members of the Advisory Council
shall not be considered to be Federal employees.
(6) No new funds.--No new funds are authorized to be
appropriated to carry out this subsection.
(7) Termination.--The Advisory Council shall terminate on
the date that is 1 year after the date of the first meeting of
the Advisory Council under paragraph (3).
(b) Revision.--To the maximum extent practicable and after
considering the recommendations of the Advisory Council under
subsection (a)(4), the Chief of Engineers shall revise the Missouri
River Mainstem Reservoir System Master Water Control Manual to
prioritize flood control and navigation.


text:
Home > Archival Collections @ Houston Cole Library > University History > Histories, Biographies & Miscellanea
Histories, Biographies & Miscellanea
This collection contains histories of the institution as well as biographical information on notable JSU figures, digitized primary source documents relating to JSU, and more.
Fight On, Fight On for Ole Jax State: Houston Cole Library's Historical Collections Highlight JSU's Resiliency During Its First Pandemic
Bethany Latham, John-Bauer Graham, and Allison M. Boswell
This document highlights some of the Houston Cole Library's archival materials as they relate to the Jacksonville State Normal School during the Spanish Flu Pandemic of 1918-1919. The authors examine events in the greater context of Alabama and other institutions of higher education, and focus on how JSNS responded to its first pandemic.
The Legacy of William A. Meehan: 1968-2015
This biography of JSU's 11th president, William A. Meehan, was produced by the Offices of Marketing and Communications and Public Relations, upon Meehan's retirement in 2015. It is written and illustrated by various JSU personnel, including Heather Greene, Buffy Lockette and Angie Ayers Finley Ray, with photographs by University Photographer Steve Latham. It details Meehan's life from JSU student to faculty member to university president, and includes insights into Meehan's family and community life, in addition to his career.
The Houston Cole Library, Jacksonville State University, 1836-1988
Thomas J. Freeman and Martha Merrill
"The Houston Cole Library, Jacksonville State University, 1836-1988" is a chapter from the book A Dynamic Tradition: The History of Alabama Academic Libraries from Their Establishment through 1988 (ed. by Vicki L. Gregory). The chapter was authored by Library faculty members Thomas J. Freeman and Martha Merrill, and recounts the history of the Library from 1836-1988, covering the institution, collection, librarians, and physical facilities.
The Life and Times of Houston Cole
This biography of JSU President Dr. Houston Cole was created under the auspices of the Friends of the Houston Cole Library.
The First Hundred Years: The History of Jacksonville State University, 1883-1983
Effie White Sawyer
This book was written as a brief history of JSU by Effie White Sawyer, who served as secretary to two JSU Presidents. The book was published by JSU's Centennial Committee to commemorate the University's 100th anniversary in 1983.
School Day Treasures of Happy Memories: Iris Mildred Sellers O'Rear Scrapbook
Iris Mildred Sellers O'Rear
A scrapbook compiled by Iris Mildred Sellers O'Rear of memorabilia collected while enrolled as a student at Jacksonville State Teachers College from 1928-1930, and later. Biographical information about Iris Sellers may be found in the book Iron Butterfly by Terry Sellers, Jr. (2008), pp. 102-106. The scrapbook contains photographs, illustrations, poems, newspaper clippings, invitations, announcement flyers, postcards, letters, pins, dried flowers, napkins, etc.
Minute Book, State Normal School, Jacksonville, Ala.
This volume is a book of handwritten minutes from the meetings of the Jacksonville State Normal School's Board of Directors, beginning August 16, 1887 and concluding June 11, 1895. A searchable, typewritten transcript is also included.


text:
Ben Youssef Religious Complex
A Mîdhâ in the Form of a Qubba, a Madrasa, and a Mosque
"Marrakech" and "Marrakesh" are approximations to the original Tifinagh (Berber) ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ and Arabic مراكش. Representing Berber and Arabic words in other scripts is always approximate and seldom consistent. "Marrakech" is the French approximation, in Morocco you see it much more often than the English "Marrakesh".
The Ben Youssef religious complex within the medina of Marrakech includes what was once the largest Islamic school in Morocco, the oldest mosque of Marrakech which arguably remains its most important mosque, plus an ablutions pavilion that is the last surviving example of Almoravid architecture in the city.
As with the name of the city, spelling for speakers of French or English varies widely — Ben Youssef or Ibn Yusuf or other variations. Similarly, is an Islamic school a madrasa, a medersa, or some other similar spelling? Yes, all of those and more.
However you spell it, there are some interesting and beautiful things to see here.
Go north through the souqs of the medina from the Jemaa el-Fnaa for about 750 meters to find this area.
The Mosque
The Almoravid Berber dynasty built an empire spanning today's Morocco, southern Spain, and beyond, starting in the 1050s. The Almoravid chieftain Abu Bakr ibn Umar founded Marrakech around 1070 to serve as its imperial capital.
Dynasties of Morocco
Idrisi 788–974
Almoravid 1040–1147
Almohads 1147–1269
Marinids 1269–1465
Wattasid 1472–1554
Saadi 1510–1659
'Alawi 1631–present
The Almoravid rulers never claimed the religious title of Caliph. Instead, they referred to themselves as Amir al-Muslimīn or "Prince of the Muslims" and formally accepted the religious authority of the Abbāsid dynasty Caliphs in Baghdad.
That was a cautious move by the Almoravids. Moulay Idress I had been an earlier Moroccan leader. He was killed in 791, apparently poisoned by an assassin sent from Baghdad by the Abbāsid Caliph Harun al-Rashid.
Things went well for the Almoravids, at least for a while. Their empire grew, including all of today's Morocco and extending significantly to the east and south from there. Plus, across the Strait of Gibraltar, more than the southern half of the Iberian peninsula, which was known as al-Andalus back then and Spain and Portugal today.
The Almoravid emir Yusuf ibn Tashfin built the first mosque in Marrakech in the 1070s, during the first decade of the city's existence. His son and successor Ali ibn Yusuf (or Ben Youssef) completed a new central mosque between 1120 and 1132. It was the largest mosque ever built in the Almoravid empire, 120 by 80 meters in size with a minaret now estimated to have been 30 to 40 meters tall. Marrakech grew around this grand mosque, and it and the surrounding souqs formed the core of the city.
You come out of covered souq on a lane known as Rue Azbezt, and then you see the Ben Youssef complex in front of you. Here is the library, and the minaret of the mosque beyond it.
That isn't Ali ibn Yusuf's original mosque. It's at least a replacement of a replacement because...
The Almohads were another Berber tribe. This is confusing — Almoravids first, then the Almohads. Both Berber, but violently opposed to each other.
Tashfin ibn Ali, the sixth Almoravid Emir and the last successful one, was fighting the Almohads along the Mediterranean coast in 1145 when he became besieged. He burned his military encampment and was on his way to join an evacuation fleet and escape by sea. But then he fell off a cliff and died.
His son Ibrahim ibn Tashfin was an infant. He was proclaimed ruler as soon as news of his father's death reached Marrakech.
Baby Ibrahim's uncle Ishaq ibn Ali, brother of the father Tashfin ibn Ali, quickly replaced the infant Emir as the eighth and last Almoravid Emir. But just very briefly.
The Almohads captured Marrakech in April 1147. They immediately killed Baby Emir and Uncle Emir and began erasing the legacy of the Almoravids in Marrakech. Other than a few short segments of the outer city wall, the Qubba el-Ba'adiyyin that we'll see further down this page is the only significant example of Almoravid architecture remaining in Marrakech.
The Almoravids were a Berber tribe from the desert. Other people called them al-mulathimun or "the veiled ones" because the men wore veils covering their faces below the eyes. The veil was practical for the blowing dust in the desert. The Almoravids insisted on wearing the veil everywhere, including throughout their new capital city, because it marked them as outsiders in the city. Everyone else was forbidden to wear this puritan garb, in order to make it clear who was the ruling class and also who was the most pious. Reading about the Almoravids, I realized that the same sort of thing still goes on today.
This man in a Walmart store in the U.S. state of Indiana culturally identifies as a Hunter, which explains why he is wearing mismatched hat, jacket, and trousers in three different camouflage patterns, the whole ensemble probably costing a total of US$ 150 or more. This picture was taken in early June, a time when it wasn't legal to hunt any game in the state. And, I'm not sure how suitable his sandals are for striding heroically through the forest. So, while he is signaling what he is, like the Almoravids he more importantly is signaling what he is not — he is not "city folk". In the U.S. you also see Military and Construction cosplay.
Imagine a quasi-religious war in the U.S. between a faction that only wears Realtree brand camouflage and another faction that only wears Mossy Oak brand camouflage, each side convinced that the other is heretical.
The Almohads were also a Berber tribe, but they made a point of mocking the Almoravids' veil as a sign of effeminacy and decadence. The Almohads wore different misplaced desert garb, you see. Now that the Almohads were in power, they could wipe out all traces of the wrong tribe wearing the wrong clothes.
The Almohad caliph Abd al-Mu'min announced that the Almoravid mosque had an orientation error, its qibla or direction of prayer pointed the wrong way. They either demolished the Almoravid mosque immediately, or abandoned it and allowed it to fall into ruin.
The Almohad empire grew until they controlled all of the Maghreb to a point well east of Tripoli and slightly east of Sicily and Malta by the 1150s, and north through all of Muslim Iberia by 1172.
The Almohads built the Kutubiyya Mosque at the southwestern edge of the city to serve as the main congregational mosque. It's the one you see prominently from the open square of Jemaa el-Fnaa. They also built the Kasbah Mosque for their new palace complex in the south.
On Jemaa el-Fnaa one evening I saw the crescent Moon setting above the minaret of the Kutubiyya Mosque that the Almohads built in the late 1100s.
However, the souqs of Marrakech were mostly around the old Almoravid mosque site, and so the area wasn't abandoned.
The Saadian dynasty took power in the 16th century and restored and extended this area of the city. The Saadian sultan Abdallah al-Ghalib, who ruled from 1557 to 1574, is said to have restored or rebuilt the Ben Youssef Mosque. However, no remains of the Saadian mosque or the Almoravid mosque that it replaced has ever been found.
The mosque that was here fell into ruin through the 17th and 18th centuries CE. It was completely rebuilt in the early 19th century by the 'Alawi sultan Suleiman, who ruled from 1792 to 1822. By that time the qibla, the proper direction of prayer, had drifted from due south toward the southeast, before finally becoming the local bearing toward the Ka'aba, the roughly cubical black stone structure in Mecca. In Marrakech, that's 91°, almost due east. And so, the new mosque is in a different alignment, and there is little to no sign of the mosque structures that came before.
Today's mosque is still called the Ben Youssef or Ibn Yusuf Mosque. That's its minaret below, beyond the dome of our next stop.
The Ablutions Pavilion
The Qubba el-Ba'adiyyin is a mîdhâ, a facility for the ritual washing required before prayer. The central basin is in a qubba, a domed structure. As always, qubba might be spelled for speakers of western European languages as qubba, qoubba, kobba, kuppa, and so on.
The Almohads had moved their attention to their large new mosques well to the southwest and south, and their kasbah or fortified palace complex to the south. The qubba wasn't destroyed, but it wasn't maintained. By the time the Saadians replaced the Ben Youssef mosque, the qubba had been mostly forgotten. Trash and blown-in dirt, plus demolition and construction debris from projects in this area, gradually built up to a depth of about six meters. This two-story structure was mostly buried.
French archaeologists cleared away the rubble and restored the qubba during the French Protectorate of 1912–1956. Then further restorations in the 1990s and the late 2010s further rebuilt the structure into the like-new state you see today.
Water channels flanked both sides of the qubba. Debris has been cleared away, but these structures are otherwise more or less as they were re-discovered.
The dome covers the central marble water basin.
The elaborate design on the arches and the interior of the dome mirror what is found in al-Andalus. The Almoravids had brought Muslim, Christian, and Jewish artisans from there to North Africa. They added further ornamental techniques from as far east as Baghdad.
All this washing required a good water supply. Around 3,000 BCE the Elamite kingdom in what came to be known as Persia developed a water transportation system called the qanat or the qanāh in modern Arabic, kārīz or kārēz in modern Persian or Farsi.
A qanat is a gently sloping tunnel connected to the surface via a series of vertical shafts used for maintenance. A qanat is resistant to natural disasters such as earthquakes and to intentional destruction in war. It can transport water over a long distance with minimal loss to evaporation even in a hot, dry climate, with no need for pumping.
The technology spread both east and west, picking up a variety of names. By the time it reached Morocco in the far northwestern corner of Africa it was called a khettara. A qanat or khettara system supplied this complex.
Qanat is one of the many Arabic words Frank Herbert used for his Dune books, although he described it as an open canal. Maybe by the later books in the series, but not in the original.
The water storage system has also been restored, and you can visit it. All of this is part of the typical infrastructure associated with a mosque — a mîdhâ or ablutions facility for ritual washing; fountains to supply water to residents for cooking, drinking, and cleaning; a hammam or neighborhood bath; and a bakery that uses the fire that heats the hammam water to also bake bread.
Much more on the qubba, the cisterns, the latrines, and the khettara system
The Marinid dynasty of 1244–1465 is known for its support of the arts and literature. They built several madrasa or schools across Morocco, including one built here during the 1331–1348 rule of Sultan Abu al-Hasan.
The Saadian ruler Abdallah al-Ghalib built a new madrasa in its place in 1563–1565, following the earlier Marinid architectural style.
The madrasa operated until 1960, when it was closed down. It was restored and opened to the public as a historical site in 1982.
It's large, occupying a space about 40×43 meters. However, you approach via a narrow lane between multi-story buildings so, as usual, you don't know what is on either side.
You enter through a single plain door, go down a narrow corridor into a small vestibule, and step through a door into the central courtyard.
The design is intended to inspire revelation and astonishment as you step into the large intricately decorated space.
Galleries along two sides provide spaces for classes to gather.
Student dormitory rooms surround the courtyard on the ground level and on upper levels.
There is zellij geometric tilework up to about eye level, one or more rows of painted and carved Arabic devotional text, and carved stucco and cedar wood above that.
One end of the courtyard has a doorway into a large chamber that served as a prayer hall. A mihrab or niche indicates the qibla or direction of prayer.
Going upstairs into the dormitory area, you see that open wells provide light and ventilation.
Sturdy doors open into students' rooms.
This one is on two levels. A steep staircase leads up from the entry.
The madrasa has 130 dormitory rooms, in which up to 800 students lived. That works out to six students in most rooms, seven or more in some larger ones. In its time, it was the largest madrasa in Morocco.
Like the traditional guesthouse where I was staying in the medina, the light wells are simply open to the sky. It's Marrakech, it doesn't rain a lot here. About one inch per month from mid-October through April, with very little over the summer.
Next❯ By Bus through the Atlas Mountains to Zagora
Next in Marrakech:
🚧 = not yet completed
By Train to Marrakech
Riding the "Marrakech Express", an overnight sleeper train from Tangier
Jemaa el-Fnaa
Sāḥat Jāmi' al-Fanā' or the "Mosque at the End of the World", home to a daily market and nightly festival
Through the Medina
Through the passages and souqs of the medina, the old city within the fortified walls
Saadian Tombs
Royal necropolis of the Saadian dynasty of the 16th and 17th centuries
Ben Youssef Complex
The city's most important historic mosque, what was once the largest Islamic college in Morocco, and their ablutions pavilion
By Bus to Zagora
Through the Atlas Mountains from Marrakech through Ouarzazate to Zagora
The first third of the movie The Man Who Knew Too Much is set and filmed in Marrakech.
Jimmy Page and Robert Plant recorded much of their No Quarter album on the Jemaa el-Fnaa in Marrakech.
Or, Continue Through Morocco:
Next around Morocco:
Traveling from home to Morocco, 1920s Art Deco architecture, Hassan II Mosque
Arrival, into the medina, the American Legation, Café Hafa, the Beat Generation in Tangier
Arrival, Volubilis, the kasbah, the medina, mausoleum of Moulay Ismail, immersive music museum
Arrival, through the medina along Tala'a Sghira and Tala'a Kebira, Bou Inania madrasa, tanneries and workshops and a maze of souqs
Sāḥat Jāmi' al-Fanā' or the "Mosque at the End of the World", the Saadian Tombs, the Ben Youssef religious complex, and through the medina
Zagora
Date palm oasis, caravan station, and the start of the Sahara trek to Timbuktu
🚧 M'Hamid el Ghizlane 🚧
Relaxing for a few days, an overnight trek into the Sahara to Erg Chigaga


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Getting to grips with Olympic torch
Two inspirational Coventry people have been chosen to carry the Olympic flame on its way to the games in Athens this summer.
Laura Bateman, 19, from Cannon Hill, and Phillip Bowser, 49, from Binley, have both been chosen for the once-in-a-lifetime opportunity after being nominated in a nationwide search.
It will be the first time the Olympic torch has been on British soil since 1948.
The pair will join the 2004 Olympic Torch Relay on June 26. It will be carried by 140 torch bearers along a 48km route starting at Wimbledon and finishing in central London.
Laura, of Cannon Park Road, who will be starting a physiotherapy course at Coventry University, was born with congenital dislocation of her right hip.
After several surgical attempts to correct this she has been left with approximately 70 per cent loss of movement in her hip and a 4cm shortening of her leg.
Despite this she is a dedicated gymnast and is disabilities International Champion and has been British champion for the past five years.
She trains 20 hours a week and travels a round trip of 70 miles five days a week.
She said: "It is just such an amazing honour. We will be running 400 metres each and I just can't believe it. My mum nominated me and we had forgotten all about it. "
Father-of-three Phillip, 49, of Conifer Paddock, has run a staggering 19 marathons in aid of charities such as MacMillan Nurses, Cancer Research, Diabetes, hospitals and others.
One year when he ran the 26-mile London Marathon he finished the route then walked back round to raise and extra £3,000 for children's charity Wellchild.
The training manager for Mitchells and Butlers was chosen by judges for his sterling charity work. He will be cheered on at the sidelines by wife Gillian, and children Jake, 17, Georgia, 15 and 21-month old Harry.
He said: "When I found out I was chuffed to bits, it's such an honour I never thought I would ever get an opportunity like this."


We were towing a car and all was fine.
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Social Media Mid Year Status Report | Key Findings
by Daniel Honey | Jul 10, 2018 | Blog, Business, Digital Marketing, Facebook, Social Media
The days of social as an optional marketing channel are over. Now that social has its rightful place at the table, it is vital to understand where in the funnel social efforts should be targeted. As a Sprout Social Agency Partner, we're able to leverage insight into...
The Marketing Doctor will see you now
by Daniel Honey | May 2, 2018 | B2B, Blog, Business, Digital Marketing, Facebook, Social Media
Your business might have a marketing plan already in action. Your company's social media accounts may already be working for you. But are they working efficiently? Is there more you could be doing? And this is where HoneyBe Creative can help. For free. Yes. Free. At...
Social Media and the Customer Experience
by Daniel Honey | Apr 30, 2018 | B2B, Blog, Business, Digital Marketing, Facebook, Social Media
Social media used to be as simple as pushing your corporate message out via your Facebook and Twitter pages and owning that space. And then consumers realised they could actually tell businesses how good or bad (mostly bad) their service, product or customer service...
Facebook and Data Access Changes
Facebook and Data Changes Based on Facebook's announcement referring to data access on April 4, 2018, it was revealed that changes were coming for all third-party social apps that integrate Facebook and Instagram, including main players like Hootsuite and Sprout...
"Security isn't a problem you ever fully solve."
by Daniel Honey | Apr 4, 2018 | B2B, Blog, Business, Digital Marketing, Facebook, Social Media
"Security isn't a problem you ever fully solve." Last night (UK time), Mark Zuckerberg issued a Facebook post detailing the measures the platform's taking to stamp out electoral manipulation. On the first read, it makes for a worrying...
Facebook Makes Changes to Ad Platform and Data
by Daniel Honey | Mar 26, 2018 | B2B, Blog, Business, Digital Marketing, Facebook, Social Media
Facebook Makes Changes to Ad Platform and Data And so it begins. An email received in the office today shows that Facebook is beginning to change what we, as advertisers, can access via its ad platform. The email reads as follows: Facebook is committed to protecting...
Welcome to the Dark Side: Dark Social and Online Marketing
From Archaeology Student to Marketing Intern at HoneyBe Creative
Why people are the most important part of marketing, by a mile
The revolution will be televised… on Instagram. Maybe.
© 2019 HONEYBE CREATIVE LTD | COMPANY NUMBER 08013552 | ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.


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Kenyan marathon runner Dennis Kimetto (Getty Images) © Copyright
07 SEP 2015 General News Glasgow, Great Britain
Kimetto heading to Glasgow for Great Scottish Run
Kenya's Dennis Kimetto, the fastest marathon runner in history, is heading to Glasgow to compete in the Bank of Scotland Great Scottish Run, an IAAF Gold Label Road Race, on Sunday 4 October.
Kimetto became the quickest marathon runner of all time when he won the Berlin Marathon 12 months ago in a world record of 2:02:57.
In doing so, the 31-year-old sliced 26 seconds off the previous world record time, also set in Berlin in 2013 by his compatriot Wilson Kipsang.
Kimetto has a half marathon best of 59:14, set in Berlin in 2012.
He will be seeking to put Kenya back on top of the podium in Glasgow following victories in 2013 by Ethiopian legend Haile Gebrselassie and then in 2014 by South Africa's Stephen Mokoka.
Kimetto will also be looking to bounce back to form after failing to finish the marathon at the IAAF World Championships, Beijing 2015 last month.
He was a farmer before he became a full-time runner and gives much of his hard-earned money back to the community to build churches and schools, and to fund young athletes.
"I help young athletes who are at the start of their running career, because they are like I also used to be in the past and I know how important it is to be helped at the start," he said. "In the future they are the world record-holders and champions, so I find it important to help them."
Organisers for the IAAF
07 SEP 2015 Press Release Ayana wins Performance of the Championships, powered by adidas
07 SEP 2015 Series Personal bests – Ghirmay Ghebreslassie
Dennis Kipruto Kimetto
World Athletics Label Road Races
Bank of Scotland Great Scottish Run
03 JUN 2015 Pavey will return to Glasgow for Great Scottish Run


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• Officiant with beautiful, standard renewal ceremony with your preferences incorporated.
• Photography: 45 minutes of photography. She will shoot an unlimited amount of images. You will receive a link to a private online gallery within 4 weeks of your renewal to share with your guests/friends/family as you wish. On average, you will receive approximately 55 - 75 images from your event (usually more). You will receive all images in high resolution, fully adjusted and edited/retouched as digital download within 6-8 weeks of renewal.


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GO TO GAME PAGE
Strap yourself in for the ride of your… well…. day. Review
SHOW Cruis'n USA INFO
Cruis'n USA Info
Strap yourself in for the ride of your… well…. day.
Racing games exist for one of two purposes. They either attempt to recreate high speed driving without the actual risk of life and limb, or they suck eggs. Most gamers agree that the former is more desirable (except a friend of mine who will actually spend the day sucking on eggs. No joke. He's a little…off.) I personally love a good racing game to spice up the day. When the guys at Nintendo decided to spend some energy on building a cool arcade racing game, they didn't mess around.
Cruis'n USA made a big splash as a coin-op, despite the high price of play. Much of the game's popularity can be attributed to a powerful graphics engine and incredibly smooth handling and control. As the first racing game for the N64, I was intrigued by the potential of the port. Unfortunately, Cruis'n USA provides a flat experience that falls short of the arcade version.
Cruis'n USA is your basic racing game. There's no plot; you just get in a car and drive. There are several different modes to play, the best of which is the extended 14 stage cross-country commute. Here you must make your way from San Francisco to Washington D.C. by placing first in each stage. If you succeed, you earn a faster car (and you get to see the secluded and little known farm on top of the White House). You can also choose to race just a specific stage or compete with a buddy in a two-player split screen mode.
You initially have four cars to choose from (Want more? Check out our code magic ), each with a different top speed , 0-60 mph rating, and turning/cornering ability. You can choose automatic or manual transmission, and can modify the presence of other racers, the difficulty level, and the music.
I found that the problem with this game is the sheer, well, boredom of it all. The arcade version worked well because the graphics were outstanding. The home version fails to live up to its rather burly predecessor, even with the 64 bit oomph of the machine. The graphics are, in fact, the weakest for any N64 game to date, with flat, flavorless scenery. There are also some minor problems with fill-ins and some general polygonal errors, the worst of which involves the abrupt appearance of other vehicles in previously empty spaces. The cars look decent, the road looks decent, the backgrounds look decent, but the whole thing together looks like an incredibly souped up SNES game.
Control is also an issue. The N64 needs a steering wheel (they're coming 'soon'), or Nintendo needs to not make games that require them. Driving a car with the analog joystick on the N64 controller is neither particularly fun nor easy. You steer the car with your thumb on a little stick, again highlighting the differences between arcade and home versions. We have opposable thumbs for a reason., one that doesn't involve auto racing. This is not to say that all racing games need wheels. In fact, one of the coolest racing games I've ever seen is harder with a wheel than with the D-pad (that would be Wipeout XL for the PSX).
There are a few bright spots in the game. Three different camera perspectives are available, which liven up the action by allowing you to change viewpoints in mid-race. I found the first person view to be easily the most immersive and exciting, though it was also the most difficult to get used to.
Also, the movement is pretty smooth, despite the problems with the control. Objects, scenery and other cars pass by with fluidity and near seamless mapping. The San Francisco stage looks cool; it's by far the most well-translated.
As the first racing game for this fledgling system, Cruis'n USA is really nothing more than a poor copy of the arcade model. It's not a terrible game by any means; it's just rather bland. If you're dying for some high speed to throw into your N64, I'd advise saving your money. This one is a definite rental.
REVOLUTION REPORT CARD


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ANP finalises draft election manifesto
Bureau ReportUpdated June 02, 2018
PESHAWAR: Awami National Party has finalised draft of its manifesto for the upcoming general elections, which would be announced soon.
The party's manifesto committee headed by its general secretary Mian Iftikhar Hussain and including provincial general secretary Sardar Hussain Babak, central vice-president Bushra Gohar and deputy general secretary Aimal Khattak finalised the manifesto after a review. The manifesto was prepared with the feedback and consultations with different professionals, youth and political workers across the country who were associated with the party, and their recommendations were incorporated in the draft, said a member of the committee.
Mr Hussain, who would soon be announcing the manifesto to kick-start electioneering activities, told Dawn that after Fata's merger with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa they had tried to include steps that would ensure basic rights of the people of now defunct tribal areas.
He said that in the previous manifesto they had promised to achieve provincial autonomy on local resources and actualised it, but for the upcoming election they would be working to actualise all those powers that the province had yet to exercise to reap the benefits of the 18th Amendment that gave autonomy to the provinces.
He said that tribal areas that had become new districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa offered an opportunity as well as challenge for ANP as it needed to assure them with basic rights.
"Peace will be our top-most priority and we have kept this on top of our election manifesto," said Mr Hussain, adding that recently in a meeting with officials of the Election Commission of Pakistan he demanded that ANP should be given level-playing field in the upcoming election and ECP should fulfil its responsibility of holding free and fair elections.
In 2013 general elections, ANP was on the hit-list of terrorists and its candidates and workers were unable to take part in campaigns or hold public rallies while other political parties freely took part in the election campaigns.
Mr Hussain said that he also reminded the ECP that ANP was not allowed to freely take part in 2013 general elections and despite filing complaints the commission did nothing then. He hoped that this time things would be different and his party would be provided with a level-playing field.
Published in Dawn, June 2nd, 2018
MANIFESTO 18
Peshawar BRT buses to hit the road by June 30
Landmines recovered from Bajaur college
Kidnapped man recovered, two held
'کسی نے رات کو گولی چلنے کی آواز سنی تھی؟'
China rejects US diplomat Wells' 'negative propaganda' against CPEC
Pakistan on path to growth after tough economic period, PM Imran tells WEF session


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Studiò letteratura e filologia slava a Leopoli e a Varsavia. Nella capitale polacca conobbe Dawid Przepiórka, dal quale trasse incitamenti e suggerimenti per dedicarsi alla composizione di scacchi. Dopo aver lavorato per alcuni anni come insegnante, verso il 1935 fu colpito da una rara malattia della colonna vertebrale, che lo costrinse alla quasi totale immobilità. Trasferito ad impieghi amministrativi, si dedicò con rinnovato impegno alla problemistica e pubblicò un migliaio di problemi, la maggior parte in due e tre mosse, ma anche di aiutomatto e di automatto.

La PCCC (Permanent Commission for Chess Composition) lo nominò Giudice internazionale per la composizione nel 1956 e Maestro internazionale della composizione nel 1959. Molti suoi lavori furono pubblicati negli Album FIDE.

Autore di diversi libri sulla composizione di scacchi, tra cui I misteri del due mosse (Varsavia, 1950) e Un secolo di composizioni polacche: 1855-1955 (Varsavia, 1956).

Tre suoi problemi:

Note

Bibliografia
 A. Chicco, G. Porreca, Dizionario enciclopedico degli scacchi, Mursia, Milano 1971

Collegamenti esterni
 ∼ 190 problemi di Marian Wróbel  sul PDB Server


1 Present: Roger Morton, Elizabeth Barber, Catherine Barron, Simon Ferguson, David Sillitoe, Linda Mathewsman, Michael Green and Eric Thurston.
2 Apologies for absence: Pam Johnson, Avril Allen and Richard Barran.
3 Minutes of last meeting: Avril Allen attended this meeting, otherwise accepted as correct.
4 Finances: As at last meeting £414 with one cheque for bouncy castle still not cashed.
5 Neighbourhood Watch: Nil to report since last meeting. Pam is still receiving e-mails. Catherine will try to get that changed.
6 Environment: Simon has had concerns about noise at the Goat. It has been reported to the environment officer and has been quiet for the time being. He was advised to keep a log of any further disturbances, as this is useful for reporting.
Rubbish is being tipped in an alcove at the corner of Ryder Seed Mews in Albert street. It really needs to be closed off, but no one knows who is responsible for it. However could the refuge collectors clear it up?
7 Newsletter: Michael would like items for this. It was suggested that the minutes of the last AGM could be put in it and the agenda for the AGM.
8 Barbecue and AGM: Roger called for a roster so that a committee member is present throughout the day. There were several volunteers to undertake this. The idea is to keep an eye on the bouncy castle and to introduce SAPHRA to newcomers.
9 Any other business: Agreed to hold the Xmas dinner at the Comfort Hotel and that an invitation for anyone to attend to be put in the newsletter. Date is Friday 9th December.


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With Israeli Ties to US a Bit Icy, New Envoy Must Skate With Grace
By Ilene R. Prusher Special to The Christian Science Monitor
Eliyahu Ben-Elissar, Israel's next ambassador to Washington, remembers a piece of advice former Prime Minister Menachem Begin once gave party insiders.
"It's very easy to quarrel with America. But what is more difficult, nevertheless more intelligent, is to try to convince America," says Mr. Ben-Elissar, quoting Begin, the late leader of the ruling right-wing Likud party.
With this convince-don't-quarrel maxim in his pocket, Ben-Elissar goes to the US in September with a road map for Mideast peace that's sharply different from the one charted by his predecessors.
It's a path that comes out of his past: Ben-Elissar is a veteran peacemaker. He took part in the Camp David talks, in which Israel made peace with Egypt, and he served as the Jewish state's first ambassador to Cairo.
He is, however, no "dove." As author of Likud's party platform, which spells out many uncompromising policies, Ben-Elissar's views on peace are even more conservative than those of his boss, new hard-line Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
And although Mr. Netanyahu will likely hold his American ambassador at close rein, Ben-Elissar plans to use the patience and persistence he says he learned as a top aide to Mr. Begin to convince America, even if slowly, of his conservative vision for peace.
Ben-Elissar expects a welcoming atmosphere in Washington, where officials are still adapting to Netanyahu's election win in May. "They will be working with a new government and they will get used to it," Ben-Elissar says congenially. Citing US surprise at the recent quick pace of peace between Israel and the Palestinians, he says dryly: "We are not going to surprise the Americans."
Ben-Elissar is considered to be on the ideological right of the Likud spectrum. Like most people of his political persuasion, he felt deeply "bereaved" when the Labor government signed a peace deal with the Palestine Liberation Organization in 1994.
In Washington, Ben-Elissar is a known quantity only by those who participated in the 1978 Camp David talks in or the 1991 Middle East peace talks in Madrid. Though they may not have strong reasons to dislike him, it is hard for US peace brokers to ignore the gulf left by the resignation of Ambassador Itamar Rabinovich, a heavyweight negotiator who made strong contacts with his Syrian counterparts.
Ben-Elissar says he does not expect to see progress with Syria, from whom Israel captured the Golan Heights in 1967. Netanyahu's coalition rejects giving up the strategic Golan territory as a basic principle. "I don't know if formal negotiations will be resumed with Syria," says Ben-Elissar, "I have not noticed much desire on the Syrian side to show some moderation."
Hebrew University's Moshe Maoz, an expert on Syria, points out that Ben-Elissar may not take on as strong a negotiating role as did Ambassador Rabinovich, who was especially empowered by former Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin.
Moreover, Ben-Elissar was apparently not Netanyahu's top choice for the job, making it less likely that he will be left to make any major decisions on his own. Thus far, Netanyahu is constructing a tiny coterie of foreign-policy advisers, with Dore Gold, an academic, at the forefront. Foreign Minister David Levy insisted on Ben-Elissar's appointment when the ambassador didn't get a ministerial post in the frenetic coalition-forming process.
"I'm not sure he will be liked by Arabs," says Mr. Maoz. "He's a bit arrogant and insensitive to their demands. Other Likud members are flexible and he is not one of them."
One of Ben-Elissar's most inflexible points is his rejection of the term "West Bank" - a geographic description for the land west of the Jordan River, captured by Israel in 1967 from Jordan. He uses instead only "Judea and Samaria," the Biblical names for the region that Jews lay claim to. For him, the issue of expanding Jewish settlements in Judea and Samaria and Gaza is a demographic one: Because the 150,000 Jews in the territories will never likely outnumber the approximately 2.1 million Arabs, there is no reason to stop expansion. In fact, because of the imbalanced numbers, he says, Jewish expansion is "almost irrelevant."
But such issues are not irrelevant for Palestinians, to whom the prospect of more settlements signals bad faith on the part of Israelis. This position raised, Ben-Elissar responds: "Arab or Palestinian aspirations are very, very different and far away from what the Israelis consider livable."
Ben-Elissar, who sports a trim gray goatee, is also given to polite correction. When asked about the diplomatic dangers of closing Orient House, a hub of PLO activity in East Jerusalem, he says Israel has no diplomatic relations with the Palestinian Authority "because they are not an independent state and they will not be."
Ben-Elissar is no stranger to diplomacy. In 1980, as Israel's first ambassador to an Arab country, he encountered great resistance in Cairo. He even lived in a hotel for eight months because no one would rent him an apartment. Today he proudly points out gifts from Egyptian friends - the late President Anwar Sadat and current UN Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali
Unlike his post in Egypt, his new job entails working with the US, Israel's closest ally, but "that doesn't mean that we will not encounter here and there some difference of opinion," he says.
Ben-Elissar is moving to the US with the message that Israel is not repeating former Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir's vow that "not one inch" of territory would be conceded. But, he says, there is room for friendly differences with the US. "We don't have to agree on everything. We can't agree on everything," he says. With a bit of dry humor, he adds: "Don't worry. We are not the devil."
Shrill wind from Israel: Does it risk alienating its allies?
Israeli minister charged with breach of trust, but evades more serious charges
Israel elections 101: How fractures on political right could hurt Netanyahu


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Charles Howard Angas (21 April 1861 – 11 December 1928)  was a pastoralist in South Australia.

History

John Howard Angas (5 October 1823 – 17 May 1904) and Susanne Angas née Collins (c. 1834 – 14 April 1910) met and were married in England in 1854 and returned to the family property "Collingrove" near Angaston in 1855. Country life did not agree with Mrs. Angas however, and on their next visit to the "Old Country", she remained there, and for the next six years, her husband lived alternately with her and in South Australia, supervising his pastoral interests.

Charles Howard Angas was born at Upper Clapton, England, on 21 April 1861, and his sister Lilian Gertrude Angas on 13 December 1862.
In May 1863 Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Angas returned to South Australia on the steamer Pera, with their two infant children, and settled at the family estate "Collingrove", where Charles lived until 1870, when he was sent to England for schooling.

The family was together in England when news of the death of Charles's grandfather George Fife Angas (1 May 1789 – 15 May 1879) was received, and they immediately returned to South Australia.
From this time progressively more of the responsibility for managing the family's properties fell to Charles. His father was a successful breeder of Merino and Lincoln sheep, Hackney ponies, and Shorthorn cattle, and Charles continued the tradition.

Angas died at his residence "Lindsay Park", Angaston.

Other interests
Angas was known as both patron of art and a practitioner.
He was a prominent member of the Royal Agricultural Society.
He was a member of the Children's Hospital board, and followed his father and grandfather as a generous financial supporter. After the death of its president Sir Samuel Way, he held the position for ten years.
He held various offices with the Y.M.C.A, and a generous supporter.

He was well known as a breeder of polo ponies and was a regular exhibitor of horses at the Adelaide Show. He was frequently called on to act as a judge of horses and other stock in the eastern States.

He was also a follower of cricket, and donated the clock above the scoreboard at the Adelaide Oval.

He was a lover of coursing, and was a noted judge and breeder of greyhounds.
His attended most Waterloo Cup meetings and was a vice-patron of the South Australian Coursing Club, which organised the  Waterloo Cup.
He coursed many greyhounds during his long association with the sport, and although his dogs never won the Waterloo Cup, they came second place on three occasions.
He was also patron of the Adelaide Plumpton Coursing Club.
Among his dogs were Curio, and Wharminda, for which he paid 75 guineas, and was one of the fastest in Australia.

Family
In 1887 he married Eliza Etty Dean (1861–1926), a daughter of William (c. 1830–1896) and Esther Theyer Dean née Gardner (c. 1837–1922). They had three sons and one daughter:
Ronald Fife Angas (1889–1978) married Monica Alice Murray (1896–1973), daughter of Alick J. Murray, on 8 June 1915. He served in the R.A.F. during WWI
Dudley Theyer Angas (1892–1942) married Canadian Mary Abbott on 18 April 1925. He was a member of the British Flying Corps in France and Flanders, and later in South-West Africa
John Keith Angas (1900–1977) married Gwynneth Fay Good (1899–1991) in 1924
Beryl Collins Angas (1887–) married Robert (Nathaniel) Dudley Ryder (1882– ) of the 8th Hussars on 16 September 1908. He was aide-de-camp to Sir G. R. Le Hunte, Governor of South Australia, and a brother of the Earl of Harrowby.

References

1861 births
1928 deaths
Australian pastoralists
20th-century Australian philanthropists
19th-century Australian philanthropists


Glencoe Elementary provides a rigorous, relevant, 21st century education in a safe, student-centered environment that lays the foundation for college and career-ready graduates who contribute responsibly in a global community.
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