text:
King Calaway, a US country band with a local touch, to perform in Gibraltar Calling
Caption: L-R: Caleb Miller, Chris Deaton, Simon Dumas, Jordan Harvey, Chad Michael Jervis, and Austin Luther.
King Calaway, an American band featuring local musician Simon Dumas, will be performing at this year's Gibraltar Calling Music Festival.
The band will perform on the second day of the Festival on September 8 and over the past few months King Calaway have made waves with their country-pop sound.
The six piece band recently opened for multi-platinum artist Garth Brookes to an audience of 70,000 at the US Bank Stadium in Minneapolis.
King Calaway has also made appearances at US radio shows, released an EP and a music video, as well as performing at the 'home of country music' in Nashville, the Grand Ole Opry.
Before coming together in 2018 band mates Caleb Miller, Chris Deaton, Simon Dumas, Jordan Harvey, Chad Michael Jervis and Austin Luther all pursued their own solo careers, racking up a long list of milestones, including CMA Awards performances, international tours, session gigs, and BBC TV appearances.
"A multi-national super group of harmony-singing, instrument-playing musicians, the band makes anthemic country music for the modern world," said Festival organisers in a statement.
"There's no lead singer here. No singular star. Instead, Jordan, Chad and Simon all share frontman duties, backed by thick, multi-part harmonies from Chris, Caleb and Austin. The result is a layered vocal sound that nods to the band's influences, including the Eagles, Keith Urban, and Ed Sheeran."
The band is working alongside award-winning video director and music industry executive Robert Deaton, who is also band member Chris Deaton's father.
Grammy nominated American singer-songwriter and producer Ross Copperman penned several of the band's songs and forms the creative visionary production team for King Calaway.
Born and raised in Gibraltar, Simon Dumas is one of King Calaway's three frontmen, as well as the band's pianist.
He has spent much of his life onstage, starring in a school musical as a child before landing a spot in a Gibraltar-based choir that competed internationally.
Later, while earning his degree at the Royal Northern College of Music in England, he sharpened his song writing chops as the frontman of Frontiers, a group that also featured his two older brothers.
He moved to America during his final year of college to study at USC and joined King Calaway less than a month after he finished, foregoing an opportunity to become a Catholic missionary.
Mr Dumas is well-known locally, having performed before at the Gibraltar Music Festival.


1680d Polyester Mickey Mouse School Bag Personalized Cute Mickey Mouse Personalized Backpack Uploaded by hncmanagement on Thursday, February 8th, 2018 in category Other.
See also Mickey Mouse Personalized Backpack Disney Backpackmickey Mouse Bagpersonalizeddrawstring from Other Topic.
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text:
Q: When is the completion timer counting? In order to get the last skull in a level, your completion time must beat the par time for that level. When is the timer to determine your completion time counting?
Does it count when:

*

*Selecting equipment (When the message "Press B key to select your traps" is on-screen)?

*Building traps between waves and at the beginning?

*In the pause menu?

A: As per this

Yeah, the initial setup is off the clock but once the first wave starts the clock keeps going through the breaks including the ones where you press G to continue. The pause menu and the weaver menu (as you noted) do stop the clock.

Other resources have also confirmed this. In summation:

*

*Initial setup is not part of completion time.

*The pause menu is not part of completion time.

*Everything else until you complete the level is part of your completion time.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: 'Gravity' does not contain a definition for 'CENTER_HORIZONTAL' So I am trying to make a toast error message appear in the center of the screen. Both horizontally and vertically so I found a solution but when viewing the Gravity declaration I do not see any of the CENTER_HORIZONTAL or CENTER_VERTICAL methods. Could this be an issue with the version of Android that I am using? Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Toast error = Toast.MakeText(this, "Please check your internet connection.", ToastLength.Long);
error.SetGravity(Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL|Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL, 0, 0);
error.Show();

A: In Xamarin.Android, you are looking for the GravityFlags enum:
error.SetGravity(GravityFlags.CenterVertical | GravityFlags.CenterHorizontal, 0, 0);


text:
Chin, M., Kane, T., Kozakowski, W., Schueler, B., & Staiger, D. (Working Paper). School District Reform in Newark: Within- and Between- School Changes in Achievement Growth. NBER Working Paper 23922 . Publisher's VersionAbstract
Newark Education Reforms NBER Working Paper
In 2011-12, Newark launched a set of educational reforms supported by $20 million gift. Using data from 2009 through 2016, we evaluate the change in Newark students' achievement growth relative to similar students and schools elsewhere in New Jersey. We measure achievement growth using a "value-added" model, controlling for prior achievement, demographics and peer characteristics. By the fifth year of reform, Newark saw statistically significant gains in English and no significant change in math achievement growth. Perhaps due to the disruptive nature of the reforms, growth declined initially before rebounding in recent years. Aided by the closure of low value-added schools, much of the improvement was due to shifting enrollment from lower-to higher-growth district and charter schools. Shifting enrollment accounted for 62 percent of the improvement in English. In math, such shifts offset what would have been a decline in achievement growth.
Mathematical Quality of Instruction (MQI)
The MQI is a Common Core-aligned observational rubric that provides a framework for analyzing mathematics instruction in several domains. Within each of the five domains, individual codes contain score points that categorize instruction into different levels of quality. The MQI was developed in order to provide a both multidimensional and balanced view of mathematics instruction.
Learn about MQI Coaching
The MQI rubric, though originally designed as a measurement instrument for research, can also be used...
Read more about Mathematical Quality of Instruction (MQI)
Hickman, J. J., Fu, J., & Hill, H. C. (2012). Technical Report: Creation and Dissemination of Upper-Elementary Mathematics Assessment Modules.Abstract
ncte-assessments-tech-report.pdf
This document provides information on the grades 4 and 5 mathematics test modules developed as a joint Harvard/ETS venture from 2009 to 2012. Hundreds of items that were initially developed were then culled by a series of reviews, revisions, pilot tests, cognitive interviews, and field tests.
(2013). SDP Toolkit for Effective Data Use . Strategic Data Project. Learn more and download [SDP website]Abstract
The SDP Toolkit for Effective Data Use is a resource guide for education agency analysts who collect and analyze data on student achievement. Completing the toolkit produces a set of basic, yet essential, human capital and college-going analyses that every education agency should have as a foundation to inform strategic management and policy decisions.
Research Report (43)
SDP Partner Diagnostic (27)
Practictioner Resource (14)
Technical Resource (4)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Justia Patents Plural, Diverse Motor Controls For Different MotorsUS Patent for Communication interface and method for operating a communication interface Patent (Patent # 10,848,036)
Communication interface and method for operating a communication interface
Jan 27, 2017 - Robert Bosch GmbH
The invention relates to a communication interface between a control unit and an electric load unit, particularly a load unit having a pump motor in a motor vehicle, wherein the control unit is designed as a transmitter and/or receiver, wherein the load unit is designed as a receiver and/or transmitter and wherein the communication between the transmitter and the receiver takes place via a signal line by means of a pulse-width-modulated signal. In this case, there is provision for the signal line to be connected to a constant current source and for the transmitter to be designed to modulate the flow of current through the signal line by means of pulse-width modulation. The invention further relates to a method for operating such a communication interface.
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The invention relates to a communication interface between a control unit and an electric load unit, particularly a load unit having a pump motor in a motor vehicle, wherein the control unit is designed as a transmitter and/or receiver, wherein the load unit is designed as a receiver and/or transmitter and wherein the communication between the transmitter and the receiver takes place via a signal line by means of a pulse-width-modulated signal.
The invention further relates to a method for operating such a communication interface.
For bidirectional data exchange between a control unit and a connected electrical load unit, it is known that provision is made for a control conductor, via which the data is exchanged by means of a pulse-width modulated signal. Thus it is known, for example, within a motor vehicle via pulse-width modulation to transmit data from an engine control device to a pump motor of an SCR system (SCR: Selective Catalytic Reduction) or in the opposite direction. The data can be, for example, control data for the load unit or diagnostic data for monitoring the load unit. In addition, methods are known for detecting faults on the supply lines of the load unit, for example, short-circuits or interruptions. For this purpose, a small measurement current may be fed into the control line and monitored. The measurement current is transferred unregulated via a suitable series resistor to the control line. By activation and deactivation of the pulse-width modulated measurement current, a data transfer is possible. It is also known to monitor the voltage level on the control line and from this to draw conclusions as to a possible short-circuit.
By feeding high currents due to other consumers into the earth system, it is possible for different ground potentials to exist between the control unit and the load unit. Furthermore, components that are used for switching the communication signals into the communication path, and/or into the measurement current path, produce an additional voltage offset. These components can be MOS-FET modules, for example in the form of dual p-channel FETs. Due to the ground offset, the evaluation of voltage signals for data transfer or for diagnosis may be corrupted. This leads to faulty diagnoses, as well as an error-prone data transfer.
A further disadvantage is that the measurement current is highly dependent on fluctuations of the supply voltage and of the ground potential, so that, for example at low supply voltages the required current is no longer achieved, while at high supply voltages the series resistor is heated excessively.
DE 10 2013 220 418 A1 discloses a method and a device for controlling components. The data exchange takes place via a pulse-width modulation of a technical variable, for example an electric current.
The document DE 10 2008 014 045 A1 discloses a circuit arrangement for controlling an electrical safety belt retractor. This involves the transmission of pulse-width modulated trigger signals. The data exchange can take place bi-directionally.
The object of the invention is to provide a communication interface between a transmitter and a receiver, which provides both a reliable data exchange and a reliable error monitoring even in the presence of large ground offsets between the transmitter and the receiver.
It is an additional object of the invention to provide a appropriate method for the above object.
The object of the invention relating to the communication interface is achieved by the fact that the signal line is connected to a constant current source and that the transmitter is designed to modulate the current flow through the signal line using pulse-width modulation. By using a constant current source, the current amplitude within the signal line is very nearly independent of a potential difference between the ground potentials of the transmitter and the receiver. The current flow is also independent of the supply voltage of the transmitter and the receiver over a wide range. This ensures that a current signal which can be readily evaluated is available both for the data transfer and for diagnostic purposes at all times. The pulse-width modulated current signal for data transfer can be measured directly on the receiver side.
In order to be able to send data both from the control unit (transmitter) to the load unit (receiver) as well as from the load unit (transmitter) to the control unit (receiver), it can be provided that the communication interface is designed to be bi-directional. As a result, it is possible that both data for controlling the load unit and, for example, operational data from the load unit to the control unit can be sent via one signal line.
The modulation of the pulse width of the current signal can be effected by the fact that the transmitter has a controllable electronic switch, which connects the signal line to a ground potential of the transmitter in accordance with the pulse-width modulation. When the electronic switch is closed, the current supplied by the constant current source flows from the signal line through the switch to the ground of the transmitter, and either no current or only a small current flows from the sender to the receiver. When the switch is open, on the other hand, the current of the constant current source flows to the receiver. In this way a pulse-width modulated current signal can be generated with a current amplitude which is independent of a ground offset between the transmitter and the receiver during the period of the open electronic switch.
Another resulting advantageous property is that, in the case of a bi-directionally designed communication interface, only one constant current source is required.
According to a preferred design variant of the invention, it can be provided that in the receiver, a current signal undergoes a transformation into a voltage signal, which is referenced to the ground potential of the receiver. Due to the use of the constant current, the voltage signal obtained is independent of a potential difference between the ground potential of the transmitter and the receiver and can be detected in an error-free manner.
As part of an on-board diagnostics of a motor vehicle, for example, it can be necessary to detect a load dropout, or a short circuit of the control line to ground. A suitable monitoring can be achieved by the fact that the constant current source is set up to supply energy to a ground potential and to the voltage potential of a voltage supply of the load unit, that the control unit is designed to determine the current flow in the signal line and that the control unit is designed to infer an interruption in the power supply or of an earth cable or of the signal line to the load unit if the current flow falls below a specified value. As a result of an interruption of the voltage supply or the ground connection to the load unit, the energy supply of the constant current source is also interrupted, which can be detected in the control unit. When the signal line is interrupted it is also the case that no current flow is possible from the constant current source to the control unit. Advantageously, the monitoring takes place during a diagnosis phase, in which no data are transferred over the signal line, with the electronic switches open. It is also possible to perform the monitoring during the PWM operation, in each case within the period of time in which the respective electronic switch is closed.
Also as part of an on-board diagnosis it can be provided that the control unit is designed to determine the current flow in the signal line and that the control unit is designed to infer a short circuit between the signal line and the ground potential if the current flow falls below a predefined value, and/or that the control unit is designed to infer a short circuit between the signal line and the voltage supply if the current flow exceeds a predefined value. As a result of the precisely defined current signals and/or voltage signals derived therefrom, referenced to the ground potential of the respective receiver, that are produced by the constant current in normal operation, any deviation in this can be easily and reliably detected. Any short circuits to the signal line can thus be detected unambiguously and without errors.
The electronic switch connects the signal line to ground. In order to prevent the electronic switch from being overloaded, for example, in the event of a short-circuit of the signal line to the supply voltage, provision can be made to limit the current flow through the controllable electronic switch.
The object of the invention relating to the method is achieved by the fact that the communication takes place by way of a pulse-width modulated current signal of a constant current source flowing through the signal line. The method thus enables the operation of the communication interface described. As a result of the constant current, which is pulse-width modulated for the purpose of data transmission, the method ensures a reliable and clearly evaluable data transfer independently of any ground offset existing between the transmitter and the receiver.
In order to enable a simple and reliable evaluation of the data signal on the receiver side, it can be provided that the current signal through the signal line is converted in the receiver into a voltage signal which is referenced to the ground potential of the receiver.
According to a preferred variant embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that for monitoring the communication interface, a constant current of the constant current source is coupled into the signal line, that the current in the control unit is determined, that an interruption of an electrical connection to the load unit or a short circuit between the signal line and a ground potential is inferred if the current falls below a predefined first threshold value and/or that a short circuit between the signal line and a voltage supply is inferred if the current exceeds a predetermined second threshold value. Faults in the cable connection between the control unit and the load unit can thus be unambiguously detected.
The invention is explained below in more detail by reference to an exemplary embodiment shown in the figures. Shown are:
FIG. 1 a block diagram of a control unit and a load unit StdT in accordance with the prior art connected to the control unit via a cable connection,
FIG. 2 a simplified representation of the control unit and load unit StdT shown in FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 a communication interface for pulse-width modulated data transmission having a constant current source and
FIG. 4 the communication interface shown in FIG. 3 with a constant current source that can be switched off.
FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a control unit 10 and a load unit StdT 20 connected to the control unit 10 via a cable connection 30, such as are known from the prior art. A voltage supply 31 and a ground cable 32 are routed from the control unit 10 to the load unit StdT 20. In addition, a signal line 33 is provided between the control unit 10 and the load unit StdT 20. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the control unit 10 is assigned to a system for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides in a motor vehicle, while the load unit StdT 20 is represented by a pump with an associated pump electronics of the SCR system.
The signal line 33 is part of a bi-directionally designed communication interface between the control unit 10 and the load unit StdT 20. Via these components, data can be exchanged from the control unit 10 to the load unit StdT 20 as well as in the opposite direction, by means of a pulse-width modulated signal. Thus, for example, commands for setting the engine speed or for diagnostic requests can be transmitted from the control unit 10 to the pump. In the opposite direction, for example, the load unit StdT 20 can transmit data on the functional status of a pump motor, or measurement values of internal motor sensors.
FIG. 2 shows a simplified representation of the control unit 10 and load unit StdT 20 shown in FIG. 1 in a design in accordance with the prior art. In this case, the control unit 10 and the load unit StdT 20 are connected to each other over the previously described cable connection 30.
The voltage supply 31 connects a voltage potential SE 40 of the control unit 10 to a voltage potential LE 42 of the load unit StdT 20 via a switch U B 11. Alternatively, the switch UB 11 can also be formed by a relay arranged outside of the control unit 10 and controlled by the control unit 10. Due to line and contact resistances, for example, the voltage potential SE 40 and the voltage potential LE 42 can be different. The signal line 33 is located in the control unit 10 via an electronic switch 12 at a ground potential ST 41 of the control unit 10. On the opposite side to the load unit StdT 20 the signal line 33 is connected via the electronic switches T104 23.1 and T104.1 23.2 to a microcontroller LE 21 of the load unit StdT 20. The electrical connection between the electronic switch T104.1 23.2 and the microcontroller LE 21 is connected via a resistor R110 22 to the voltage potential LE 42 of the load unit StdT 20. The ground cable 32 produces a connection between the ground potential SE 41 of the control unit 10 and the ground potential LE 43 of the load unit StdT 20. It is additionally connected to an electrical load 50, in this exemplary embodiment to a heater arranged in the SCR system, which is supplied with power on the opposite side via a voltage potential VB 44.
Via the resistor R110 22, a current of approx. 1 mA is fed into the signal line 33. With the aid of the electronic switch T104 23.1 and T104.1 23.2, the microcontroller LE 21 can switch the current in a pulse-width-modulated mode and thus transmit data from the load unit StdT 20 to the control unit 10. Furthermore, it is also possible that the microcontroller LE 21 operates the pulse width modulation independently and directly by means of its internal driver output stage, since in its design this driver output stage corresponds to an electronic switch, which in turn connects the signal to ground potential LE 43. Furthermore, with the aid of the electronic switches T104 23.1, T104.1 23.2 the connection to the control line 33 can be completely interrupted in the event of a fault.
Via the switch 12 in the control unit 10, the signal line 33 can be connected to the ground potential SE 41 and therefore be referenced to this. By means of a suitable pulse-width-modulated activation of the switch 12, data can thus be sent from the control unit 10 to the load unit StdT 20.
At the output of the control unit 10 to the signal line 33, short circuits to the supply voltage and to ground can be monitored, along with a dropout of the load unit StdT 20. For diagnostic purposes, the current flow fed into the signal line 33 via resistor R110 22 as well as the voltage level of the signal line 33 are evaluated. In the event of a load dropout, the current flow is interrupted and the fault is detected. If the voltage level with the electronic switch 12 closed is close to the supply voltage, a short circuit to the supply voltage is assumed to exist. If a voltage level close to ground is determined with the electronic switch 12 open, then a short circuit of the signal line 33 to ground is detected.
Both for the data exchange and for the diagnostic functions described above, a correct ground reference of the control unit 10 and the load unit StdT 20 is required. The presence of a high current of, for example, 20 A discharged to the ground system, in the present exemplary embodiment by the electrical load 50, can give rise to a ground offset, however, between the ground potential SE 41 of the control unit 10 and the ground potential LE 43 of the load unit StdT 20. The generation of current for the diagnostic function through the resistor R110 22 in the load unit StdT 20 is highly voltage-dependent. For small supply voltages, the required current amplitude of >1 mA can now barely be reached and at higher supply voltages the resistor R110 22 heats up very strongly.
An additional voltage offset may be caused by the two electronic switches T104 23.1, T104.1 23.2, which in the case of known circuits form a "back-to-back" configuration, which typically consists of two p-channel FET components. This switch configuration causes a high sensitivity to voltage offsets on the ground cable, since the MOS-FETs used in the p-channel variant themselves require an internal voltage offset to function correctly, and also pass on this voltage offset to the control unit 10 and the microcontroller LE 21 as a base offset. A Low-signal of 0V transmitted by the control unit 10 over the signal line 33 is increased by approximately 2V by the MOS-FET. If an additional voltage offset then occurs on the ground cable 32 between the control unit 10 and the load unit StdT 20, for example due to the electrical load 50, the diagnostic function in the control unit 10 can no longer reliably detect the diagnostic request, which can lead to diagnosis errors. Similarly, errors in the communication from the control unit 10 to the load unit StdT 20 can be caused by the voltage offset.
FIG. 3 shows a communication interface according to the invention for pulse-width modulated data transmission with a constant current source.
Of the cable connection 30 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 between the control unit 10 and a load unit 60 only the signal line 33 is shown, to simplify the illustration. It is connected in the control unit 10 via the electronic switch 12 to the ground potential SE 41 of the control unit 10 and via a connection 13 to a microprocessor of the control unit 10.
The load unit 60 in the exemplary embodiment shown represents a pump in an SCR system. The constant current source is formed from the diodes D303 64.1, the resistors R314 62.1, R312 62.2 and the transistor T304A 63.1. The transistor T304A 63.1 in this case is connected via the double diode D305 64.3 to the signal line 33. To provide a power supply, the voltage potential LE 42 of the load unit 60 is fed to the constant current source via the terminal UB 66.3. The components of the constant current source are dimensioned in such a way that it feeds a constant current of approx. 2 mA into the signal line 33. In the communication from the control unit 10 towards the load unit 60 the control unit 10 connects the signal line 33 via the electronic switch 12 to the ground potential SE 41 in accordance with the desired pulse-width modulated signal, for example with a carrier frequency of 100 Hz, on which the information is coded via the pulse-width modulation (duty cycle). As a result, with the electronic switch 12 closed, the current of the constant current source is discharged to the ground potential SE 41, resulting in a Low level in the signal line 33. If the electronic switch 12 is open, a high-level is present accordingly. The components R313 62.3, R316 62.4, and T304B 63.2, R317 62.6 and R315 62.5 convert the current flowing in the signal line 33 into a voltage level. The transistor T304B 63.2 is used for level matching, or level decoupling, between the signal line 33 and the input level of the microcontroller (not shown) of the load unit 60, which is connected to the port PWM IN 66.1. The microcontroller thus receives the data sent by the control unit 10. The diode D304 64.2 is connected to the supply voltage MC 61 of the microcontroller. It limits the converted voltage level to the signal voltage of 5 V typical for microprocessors. This will prevent damage to the input of the microprocessor. It is advantageous that information is no longer transmitted with a voltage reference, but with a current reference, since the electronic switch 12 of the control unit 10 is coupled to a ground potential, which activates the transistor T304B 63.2. From this, the resistors R317 62.6 and R315 62.5 then form a voltage level referenced to the ground potential LE 43 for the input of the microcontroller. Via this circuit a decoupling, which is less sensitive to potential voltage offsets on the earth cable, is thus produced between the control unit 10 and the microcontroller. The double diode D305 64.3 is used for coupling the constant current into the signal line 33 and for outputting the communication data from the signal line 33. Therefore, the signals are linked to each other, but decoupled from each other. The communication interface according to the invention thus enables the information to be transmitted from the control unit 10 in the direction of the microcontroller of the load unit 60 without being affected by ground-referenced voltage offsets.
The communication from the load unit 60 to the control unit 10 takes place via the electronic switch T306A 63.3 implemented as a transistor and the transistor T306B 63.4, acting together with the resistors R323 62.9 and R321 62.8. The resistors R320 62.7 and R322 62.10 are used to provide a clean control of the electronic switch T306A 63.3 via the output of the microcontroller (not shown) of the load unit 60 at a terminal PWM OUT 66.2. Upon activation of the electronic switch T306A 63.3 via the terminal PWM OUT 66.2, this discharges the constant current of the communication interface to the internal ground (ground potential LE 43) of the load unit 60. In this case, the output stage of the connected control unit 10 detects the absence of the current required for the diagnosis. In addition, the amplifier detects a Low level, since the load unit 60 does not discharge the diagnostic current to ground, but also pulls the entire signal line 33 down to ground potential. This is detected and evaluated by the control unit 10. In this way, to activate this function the load unit 60 can transmit an agreed set of information to the control unit 10 in advance. By means of a pulse-width-modulated activation of the electronic switch T306A 63.3, data can now be transmitted from the load unit 60 to the control unit 10. The data transmission therefore also takes place in this transmission direction by means of a suitable pulse-width modulation of the current of the constant current source, which makes the data transmission independent of a voltage offset between the ground potential LE 43 of the load unit and the ground potential SE 41 of the control unit 10.
A capacitor C315 65.1 connected between the signal line 33 and the ground potential LE 43 of the load unit 60 serves to reduce the EMC emissions, as well as to improve the susceptibility of the communication line to EMC radiation. It also serves to improve the signal quality.
As part of an on-board diagnosis, for example, a load dropout of the voltage supply 31 and ground cable 32 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and a short-circuit from ground and/or the supply voltage to the signal line 33 must be reliably detectable. If an interruption of the supply voltage 31 or of the earth cable 32 occurs, the constant current source no longer supplies the set constant current of approximately 2 mA. This can also be reliably detected by the control unit 10 in the case of a high voltage offset between the ground potential SE 41 of the control unit 10 and the ground potential LE 43 of the load unit 60. If an interruption occurs in the voltage supply 31, the double diode D305 64.3 prevents a diagnosis current flowing from the control unit 10 via the signal line 33 into the circuit part of the constant current source and into the circuit part for level decoupling of the current flowing in the signal line 33 into a voltage level for the micro controller, not shown, of the load unit 60. The electronic switch T306A 63.3, which is in the blocking direction, prevents the diagnostic current from flowing away in the direction of the ground potential LE 43 of the load unit 60. In the event of an interruption in the ground cable 32, the circuit part allows a current flow of approximately 0.5 mA through the resistors R313 62.3, R316 62.4. This is sufficiently low that the control unit 10 unambiguously detects the load dropout.
If a short circuit of the signal line 33 with respect to the voltage supply 31 occurs, then two different error conditions can occur. In a first error condition, the electronic switch T306A 63.3 is turned on, because the load unit 60 would like to send a diagnostic message. This would result in a current increase through the electrical path of the electronic switch T306A 63.3, which in turn causes an increased voltage drop across the resistor R323 62.9. As a result, the transistor T306B 63.4 is activated more strongly, and so the electronic switch T306A 63.3 in turn regulates more strongly. As a result, the current is limited automatically. As a result of this measure, any component damage is avoided in the event of a short-circuit in the signal line 33 to the voltage supply 31. In a second error condition, the electronic switch T306A 63.3 is turned off, because the load unit 60 does not now wish to send a diagnostic message. In this error condition, there are no paths vulnerable to overcurrent that must be protected.
If a short circuit occurs in the signal line 33 to ground, then the current flow into the signal line 33 is limited by the constant current source, in this exemplary embodiment to approximately 2 mA. Therefore, damage to components is prevented here also. It is immaterial whether the load unit 60 is now sending a diagnostic message through the electronic switch T306A 63.3 or not.
The circuit shown in FIG. 3 therefore has a sending transistor (electronic switch T306A 63.3), which is current limiting in the diagnostic path and in the communication path. The constant current source and the receiving part of the load unit 60 are decoupled via the double diode D305 64.3. In the receive path of the load unit 60 a level conversion takes place. This is converted from a current-referenced communication into a voltage-referenced communications. The dependency on ground offsets therefore no longer applies.
FIG. 4 shows the communication interface shown in FIG. 3 with a constant current source that can be switched off. Identical components are labelled in the same way. For the additional function the components T219 63.5, R296 62.11, R297 62.12 and T221A 63.6 are added. The transistor T221A 63.6 is connected through a resistor R298 62.13 via a terminal OAG_EN 66.4 to the microcontroller, not shown, of the load unit 60. The constant current source can thus be switched on and off via the transistor stage that is formed. In the event of a fault due to the interruption of the ground cable 32, this additional circuit blocks the residual current, which without it would continue to flow into the interface circuit, as described in relation to FIG. 3. Only when the supply voltage on the load unit is high enough that the microcontroller starts up and applies a logical High level at the base of transistor T221A 63.6 is the current source circuitry and the input circuit of the load unit 60 enabled. Otherwise, the current which could still be fed in via the supply path is blocked by the blocking path of the transistor T219 63.5. In this way a load dropout is reliably detected by the control unit 10.
1. A communication interface between a control unit (10) and an electric load unit (60), wherein the control unit (10) is designed as a transmitter and/or receiver, wherein the load unit (60) is designed as a receiver and/or transmitter, the communication interface comprising: wherein the communication between the control unit (10) and the electric load unit (60) takes place via the signal line (33) using a pulse-width-modulated signal, and
a signal line (33) between the control unit (10) and the electric load unit (60);
a controllable electronic switch (12, 63.3) electrically coupled to the signal line (33) and positioned within the control unit (10); and
a constant current source electrically coupled to the signal line (33) and positioned within the electric load unit (60),
wherein the signal line (33) is configured to modulate a current signal sourced from the constant current source through the signal line (33) and the controllable electronic switch (12, 63.3) to a ground potential (41, 43) by connecting the signal line (33) to the ground potential (41, 43) via the controllable electronic switch (12, 63.3).
2. The communication interface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the communication interface is designed to be bi-directional.
3. The communication interface as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the receiver, a transformation of the current signal into a voltage signal referenced to the ground potential (41, 43) of the receiver is provided.
4. The communication interface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the constant current source is set up to supply energy to the ground potential (41, 43) and to the voltage potential (40, 42) of a voltage supply (31) of the load unit (60), that the control unit (10) is configured to determine the current flow in the signal line (33) and that the control unit (10) is configured to infer an interruption in the voltage supply (31) or of an earth cable (32) or of the signal line (33) to the load unit (60) if the current flow drops below a specified value.
5. The communication interface as claimed in claim 1, wherein at the control unit (10) is configured to determine the current flow in the signal line (33) and that the control unit (10) is configured to infer a short circuit between the signal line (33) and the ground potential (41, 43) if the current flow falls below a predefined value and that the control unit (10) is configured to infer a short circuit between the signal line (33) and the voltage supply (31) if the current flow exceeds a predefined value.
6. The communication interface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the current flow through the controllable electronic switch is limited.
7. The communication interface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electric load unit (60), is a load unit (60) having a pump motor in a motor vehicle.
8. The communication interface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit (10) is configured to determine the current flow in the signal line (33) and that the control unit (10) is configured to infer a short circuit between the signal line (33) and the ground potential (41, 43) if the current flow falls below a predefined value.
9. The communication interface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit (10) is configured to determine the current flow in the signal line (33) and that the control unit (10) is configured to infer a short circuit between the signal line (33) and the voltage supply (31) if the current flow exceeds a predefined value.
10. A method for operating a communication interface between a control unit (10) and an electric load unit (60), wherein the control unit (10) is designed as a transmitter and/or receiver, wherein the load unit (60) is designed as a receiver and/or transmitter and wherein the communication interface includes a signal line (33) between the control unit (10) and the electric load unit (33), a controllable electronic switch (12, 63.3) electrically coupled to the signal line (33) and positioned within the control unit (10), and
a constant current source electrically coupled to the signal line (33) and positioned within the electric load unit (60), and wherein communication between the control unit (10) and the electric load unit (60) takes place via the signal line modulating a current signal sourced from a constant current source through the signal line (33) and the controllable electronic switch (12, 63.3) to a ground potential (41, 43) by connecting the signal line (33) to the ground potential (41, 43) via the controllable electronic switch (12, 63.3).
11. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the current signal through the signal line (33) is converted in the receiver into a voltage signal referenced to the ground potential (41, 43) of the receiver.
12. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein for monitoring the communications interface a constant current of the constant current source is coupled into the signal line (33), that the current in the control unit (10) is determined, that an interruption of an electrical connection to the load unit (60) or a short circuit between the signal line (33) and the ground potential (41, 43) is inferred if the current falls below a predefined first threshold value and that a short circuit between the signal line (33) and a voltage supply (31) is inferred if the current exceeds a predetermined second threshold value.
13. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the electric load unit (60), is a load unit (60) having a pump motor in a motor vehicle.
14. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein for monitoring the communications interface a constant current of the constant current source is coupled into the signal line (33), that the current in the control unit (10) is determined, that an interruption of an electrical connection to the load unit (60) or a short circuit between the signal line (33) and a ground potential (41, 43) is inferred if the current falls below a predefined first threshold value.
15. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein for monitoring the communications interface a constant current of the constant current source is coupled into the signal line (33), that the current in the control unit (10) is determined, that an interruption of an electrical connection to the load unit (60) or a short circuit between the signal line (33) and a ground potential (41, 43) is inferred if the current exceeds a predetermined second threshold value.
4593206 June 3, 1986 Neidorff et al.
20150303859 October 22, 2015 Yamada
102822930 December 2012 CN
4407991 September 1995 DE
102008014045 September 2009 DE
102014107689 December 2014 DE
102013220418 April 2015 DE
0481544 April 1992 EP
2347932 July 2011 EP
WO-2015020317 February 2015 WO
International Search Report for Application No. PCT/EP2017/051796 dated Apr. 26, 2017 (English Translation, 3 pages).
Date of Patent: Nov 24, 2020
Assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH (Stuttgart)
Inventors: Dirk Sieland (Auenwald), Horst Kleinknecht (Fichtenberg), Sobin Chalakkal Francis (Bietigheim), Vignesh Ramani (Tamil Nadu)
Primary Examiner: Diana J. Cheng
Current U.S. Class: Plural, Diverse Motor Controls For Different Motors (318/51)
International Classification: H03K 19/003 (20060101); H03K 19/0175 (20060101); H03K 5/01 (20060101); H02K 11/35 (20160101); H04L 25/49 (20060101); H02K 11/40 (20160101); F01N 3/20 (20060101); H02K 5/22 (20060101);


In a gripping thriller with a hint of Oliver Twist, a street kid and his dog are chasing an unlikely fortune — and dodging the thugs who would steal it.
Twelve-year-old Bully has lost his mum and his old life. Living rough on the streets of London with his dog, Jack, he can't imagine a future. But one day he finds, tucked inside his most cherished possession—the last birthday card his mother ever gave him—a lottery ticket he bought her. And it's a winner. A big winner. Suddenly there's hope, if only he can get to his prize on time! But just as Bully's prospects open up, peril closes in. Now ruthless gangsters are in hot pursuit, and everyone wants a piece of him. Whom can he trust to help him retrieve what's his? And even if Bully does claim all that money, will he really be winning what he needs most? Michael Byrne's thrill-packed debut delivers the emotionally charged story of a boy whose luck has changed for the better, if only he can survive long enough to claim it.
Michael Byrne is an English teacher turned taxi driver who lives with his teenage daughter in Hampshire, England. Lottery Boy is his first book for young readers.
Occasional kindnesses and acts of genuine compassion soften the impact of the neglect, cruelty, and betrayal Bully negotiates in this gut-wrenching, gripping debut.
There's no denying that Byrne can write hard-core action that keeps the pages turning...Boy and dog make a redoubtable, memorable team.
An intriguing tale of survival and perseverance that will appeal to fans of Gary Paulsen's Hatchet and Jerry Spinelli's Maniac Magee...A stirring, adrenaline-laced tale of endurance that will resonate with young bibliophiles.
This first novel is grim and brutal, yet still offers a sliver of hope for Bully and his future.
This contemporary fiction is a thriller to the end with strong characterization and nail-biting scenes leading up to Bully's final achievement: finding a family to love him. English teacher Michael Byrne's debut title will appeal to readers who love action-packed stories and may particularly appeal to reluctant readers.
The urgency of Bully's plight (underscored by a frequently appearing countdown of the remaining time before the ticket expires) and the suspenseful pursuit by greedy evildoers make this a grip- ping page-turner. Byrne doesn't shy away from credibly portraying the multitude of hardships faced by a kid on the streets, and lowlife Janks is truly vicious (he not only kidnaps Bully but puts the injured Jack into a dogfight)...Fans of Cottrell Boyce's Millions (BCCB 7/04) may find similar, if grittier, appeal in this nail-biter.


text:
The Blizzard
Without the writings of Selma Lagerlöf, Sweden might not have experienced its first Golden Age of cinema, which lasted from 1917 to 1924. The first woman and first Swedish writer to win the Nobel Prize for Literature (1909), Lagerlöf wrote novels suffused with a respect for nature and deeply rooted in the myths and folklore of her native country. In 1917, she granted exclusive rights to her work to Svenska Biografteatern (later Svensk Filmindustri), which turned her stories into films directed by Mauritz Stiller, Victor Sjöström, and others that became enduring classics of the burgeoning international art form.
The two master directors were close friends. Although their styles, interests, and temperaments were very different, they often seemed to be on parallel paths. Their greatest films were based on Lagerlöf's books and stories. Sjöström made five films from her works, and Stiller three. Both later directed in America but had difficulty adjusting to the Hollywood studio system; and both returned to Sweden after only a few years. And, while Sjöström's career took a different direction into theater as an actor and director, Stiller's life and work were cut tragically short, his brilliance unfulfilled.
Born Moshe Stiller in Helsinki in 1883 of Russian Jewish parents, Stiller began working as an actor at the age of 16. In 1904, he fled to Sweden to avoid being drafted into the Russian army. By 1912, he was working as manager and director at an avant-garde theater in Stockholm, where he was recruited by the newly-formed Svenska Bio, along with another promising actor-director, Victor Sjöström. The two directed, wrote, and acted in their own and each others' films. Sjöström, who came from the same rural province of Värmland in southern Sweden as Lagerlöf, was the first to adapt her work with Tösen från Stormyrtorpet (The Girl from the Marsh Croft, 1917). He also considered directing another Lagerlöf adaptation, Herr Arnes pengar (Sir Arne's Treasure, 1919), but turned it over to Stiller, who closely followed the original story, incorporating both its mystical elements and its focus on the natural world. As Hans Pensel writes in Sjöström and Stiller in Hollywood, "Nature becomes an active part in the life of [Lagerlöf's] characters: sunshine, snow, wind, rain, dusk, dawn, and night are described more like characters in a fairy tale than mere physical phenomena."
But Stiller the foreigner did not work exclusively with Swedish themes. He had shown a flair for comedy in his earlier films and, following Sir Arne's Treasure, he made Erotikon (1920), a sparkling and sardonic roundelay of marital infidelity. According to film historian Richard Combs, Stiller displayed "the versatility and lightness of a genre stylist." Masters of sophisticated comedy Ernst Lubitsch and Jean Renoir admitted they were inspired by Erotikon. So did Charles Chaplin.
In his next Lagerlöf adaptation, Stiller hewed less closely to the author's novel than he had with Sir Arne's Treasure. The story of a sensitive young musician whose effort to restore his family's fortune has disastrous consequences, Gunnar Hedes saga (The Blizzard) blends Lagerlöf's themes of nature and dreams with Stiller's own ideas of how to tell a story on film. In an appreciation of Stiller that Sjöström wrote for Bengt Idestam-Alquist's 1952 book, Swedish Cinema: The Stiller and Sjöström Period, the director noted that "Stiller was so modern that he made whatever changes in the story that he thought would be of best effect, regardless of what the author had written." According to Sjöström, Stiller saw some documentary footage about reindeer in Lapland at the studio's lab and decided to change the novel's climactic sheepherding scene to reindeer herding, using that footage. Lagerlöf was furious, but the film was a popular and critical success, and its impact has not diminished. In 1977, Richard Combs wrote, "It is one of those rare works in which every detail and gesture functions perfectly on both a literal and symbolic level, so that the scenes do not so much open out as downwards … suggesting that the film is constantly plumbing the connections and uses of dreams."
Great chunks of The Blizzard have been missing for years, a factor that, according the Swedish Film Institute's Jon Wengström, may have contributed to the film's unjust status as "second-tier." The most recent restoration, in 2009, uses original intertitles to bridge the missing footage, and, even at little more than half its original length, the film retains its power. British critic Alexander Jacoby wrote: "A film of exquisite dreamlike beauty, his last and most sophisticated study of artistic ambition and personal alienation, it's also his most psychologically perceptive film."
Stiller's final Lagerlöf adaptation, the epic Gösta Berlings saga (1924) was even more freely adapted. It originally ran three or four hours (sources differ) and was shown in two parts but was later re-edited to 137 minutes. It remains Stiller's best-known film because it gave the world Greta Garbo. The rest of Stiller's own saga, according to legend, plays out in fast-forward. Both he and Garbo were signed by MGM and went to Hollywood. Garbo was a success, Stiller was not, and MGM fired him before he made a single film. He went home to Sweden and quickly died of a broken heart. The truth is less melodramatic, but no less tragic. Used to doing things his way, Stiller clashed with MGM bosses and was replaced as director on the Garbo film The Temptress (1926). His friend, German producer Erich Pommer, then head of production at Paramount, offered him work directing the Pola Negri vehicle, Hotel Imperial (1927), which was notable for its innovative camerawork and earned good reviews. Paramount seemed like a nice fit for Stiller, but his health was failing and, after a few more films, two of which he was unable to complete, he returned to Sweden in late 1927. He died of a lung ailment about a year later.
Sjöström, who had returned to Sweden for the holidays, visited Stiller in the hospital daily before his death and found him brimming with enthusiasm about future projects. A few days before Stiller died, Sjöström received a call at home from a nurse telling him that Stiller wanted him to go back to the hospital, that he had something important to tell him. When Sjöström returned, the two men talked about inconsequential things, and, finally, as Sjöström was leaving, Stiller became agitated and didn't want to let him go. "I want to tell you a story for a film, it will be a great film, and you are the only one who can do it," Stiller said, weeping. Sjöström soothed him and promised he'd be back the next day to hear the story. But by then it was too late. Stiller had become incoherent and then comatose. He died a few days later.
Presented at SFSFF 2011 with live music by the Matti Bye Ensemble
DirectorMauritz Stiller
CountrySweden
CastEinar Hanson, Pauline Brunius, Mary Johnson, Adolf Olschansky, Stina Berg, Hugo Björne, Thecla Åhlander, Gösta Hillberg
Production CompanyAB Svensk Filminspelning
Original Language TitleGunnar Hedes saga
Print SourceSwedish Film Institute
Format35mm


Perton First School has a proactive and engaging Governing Board that works for the best interests of pupils, teachers and parents.
At Perton First School the Governing Board is responsible for working with the school to ensure that it delivers a good quality education. Together with the Headteacher, Mrs Bennett, who is responsible for day-to-day management, the Governing Board helps to set the school's aims and policies.
Every Governing Board decision made helps to ensure that all our children have the very best opportunities available.
Our Governing Board is a good mix of people from the local community, who can bring different viewpoints, experience, skills and fresh ideas with them. These include parents, staff at the school, residents in the locality or representatives of local churches and local authorities.
Our Governors are volunteers to the board and regularly give their time to attend a variety of meetings and attend pupil concerts and events. Our Governing Board is visible within the school on many occasions, to see the children grow and progress is the greatest reward of being a school Governor.
If you have any questions for the Governing Board you are welcome to email the Chair of Governors.
Please find below details of how our Governing Board is structured, including the names, categories, responsibilities and terms of appointment for each Governor. We have also provided a Register of Governor Interests and an Annual Statement of Issues for your information.
that pupils get the best education.
partnership with the school to achieve the school's aims and share the vision of the school. As a result the school works together as a harmonious community."
We do these tasks through our termly full Governors meetings which all Governors attend, and through our termly personnel, premises, teaching and learning and finance subcommittee meetings.
As school Governors we take an active part in daily school life, overseeing aspects such as; the School Improvement Plan, Early Years, SEND, Safeguarding, Health and Safety etc. We meet regularly with the member of staff responsible for this area and discuss recent achievements and aims for the year.
fund raising activities. Although we do this role as a volunteer we take our job very seriously and love to see the progress the children make in their journey through Perton First School.
We work as a collective group and individual Governors have no powers except where the whole Governing Board has given them a specific task to do.
We make our decisions based on the advice of committees and not individually. We don't go into school and make demands of the Headteacher and staff.
To find out more information on our Governors, ask any member of the Governing Board or go to Staffordshire.gov.uk or direct.gov.uk.


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- Live far away from UTC's campus?
- Have access to the internet at home?
If you answered yes to the above questions, you may be eligible to participate in online counseling.
The Counseling Center has partnered with WeCounsel to provide secure and confidential counseling services to our distance learners.
Interested? Please call Mark at (423) 425-4438 for more details.


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text:
wisdom traditions
three great archetypes
europa and the bull
landscape temple of europe
planetary light body
shakespeare enigma
Europe takes its name from the myth of Europa and the Bull. A myth is an allegorical story packed with symbolism and many levels of meaning. Moreover, a myth has the ability to stay alive, grow and evolve, and to act as a vehicle or channel for inspiration and higher teachings. When connected to the landscape (as it often is), it is able to convey various insights into and knowledge of that landscape. That is to say, a myth can describe the symbolic form and nature of a landscape as well as its spiritual purpose.
The myth of Europa and the Bull seems to do this in terms of Europe and in the context of our planet as a whole. This appears to be a key to many things, including both planetary and human evolution. It appears to have been known to previous ages and cultures, and is in the process of being rediscovered and worked with in our present times, for the benefit of us all and the whole world.
The mainland of Europe forms the body of the Bull, rising out of the Black Sea, head down and flying over the Mediterranean Sea towards the west. On its neck and shoulders sits Europa, represented by the British Isles. Scandinavia is believed to signify the wings of the Bull, for in the good version of the myth the Bull is winged and flies over the 'Ocean'.
The major chakras of the European Bull stretch from Istanbul (previously Constantinople), the root chakra, to Santiago de Compostela, the crown chakra. Sophia, capital of Bulgaria and associated with the Rila and Rhodope Mountains, birthplace of the Dionysian and Orphic Mysteries, is the focus of the sacral chakra. The solar plexus chakra is centred on Vienna, the heart chakra on Constance, the throat chakra on Bourges, and the brow chakra or 'Bull's eye' on Madrid (previously Toledo).
In another scenario connected with early Christianity, the major chakras of the European 'Bull' can be understood as stretching from Ephesus to Santiago de Compostela. Ephesus and Santiago are the locations of the tombs of the two brothers, John and James respectively, 'sons of Thunder' and apostles of Jesus, which seem to have been specifically established on purpose as part of a great plan for Europe, in preparation for what is happening now.
'Europa' is a trinity of three lands known historically as Scotland, Ireland and Britain (i.e. England & Wales), which manifest the triple goddess archetype. They were once referred to as the 'Blessed Isles' that contain the golden apple orchards in which Merlin resides and of which he partakes. Archetypally, each of these lands is an integral whole, with its own archangel and archetypal pattern that manifests in the landscape as a wheel of life (chakra) complete with zodiac, tree of life and chakra systems. These form a trinity of three great wheels or circles, whose centres are equidistant from each other. These centres – the ancient royal heart centres of Scotland, Ireland and Britain – are Dunsinane, Uishneach and High Cross respectively. The circles contain fourfold, five-fold, six-fold – and, doubled, eight-fold, ten-fold and twelvefold – divisions or geometric patterns, which manifest geomantically in the landscape and are associated with the patterns and stars in the sky. There is evidence to show that these have been recognised and made use of by previous cultures and generations, stretching back at least to the time of the early Celts, and that they continue to affect us powerfully today.
The Hermetic science of bringing heaven on earth has been operated by mystery schools from ancient times.
One of the keys to the recognition and the naming of Europe is that, astrologically, Taurus, the Bull, is said to rule the throat chakra, whilst Europa signifies the Pleiades that 'sit' on the Bull's neck and symbolise the alta-major chakra or 'mouth of God'. It is via the alta-major chakra that we and the world are inspired by the Holy Spirit, the Breath of God that bears the Word. It is by means of the throat that the Word is sounded to create all things new.
Further Information: www.zoence.co.uk/info-landscape-temples/
The axis of the Grail Land, in which Bourges is the hara, forms the main axis of the Planetary Dodecahedron, the geometric basis of the world's etheric light body.
peter@peterdawkins.com
www.fbrt.org.uk
www.zoence.co.uk
www.gatekeepertrust.org.uk
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Embracing the news habit: what's your habit?
Posted byPaul	 2011-07-31 2014-11-13 Leave a comment on Embracing the news habit: what's your habit?
While many people have shifted to Twitter as their main source of news, I still believe that RSS feeds are worth keeping, recommended even. I initially resisted the idea that Twitter could replace RSS as a news source and found myself using it more and more for day to day news. I don't have an iPad and I am sure that if I did, the many services that convert tweets into a virtual newspaper would come in handy. That said, there is a lot to be said for still using a feedreader for news consumption.
I've been using Feedly for the most part and its a terrific service/app for news consumption. The UI is beautiful even if the functionality isn't as complete as I would like. It works well on iPhone and Android devices and even better in a browser. I started using another app today, Reeder, partly to try it out and partly because I'd like to be able to do a couple things with my feedreader I haven't really been able to do very easily in Feedly (possibly because I haven't figured it out yet). I like Reeder and the ability to share with a variety of services. Readability integration is cool and I am very glad to see I can also read my Google Reader "Following" feeds (I was missing that in Feedly).
Anyway, this isn't meant to be an argument for RSS readers over Twitter as a news source. I see value in both (and others like Google+) as news sources. What I am curious about is what your news habit is? Do you take it as it comes or do you have a daily/periodic habit for new consumption? Morning coffee or late night tea?
The reason why I am asking is that I feel a strong need to keep on top of news in my and related spaces and am trying to find the best way to integrate the habit into my daily workflows.
Infographic: who is the bigger Twitter nerd? Me or my wife?
While I too often follow news links that people tweet, I very much like to take a break from work and just go and have a good old surf for news. It makes an educational distraction. For more professional or trade news I normally rely on daily emails with links to external articles.
I'm a Google Reader fan although added too many feeds years ago and now just scroll through specific folders on a regular basis until I delete the unused ones. Usually take a scroll through in the morning to catch up, or if there are a lot of updates I'll spread it through the day. Trying out Readefine as an alternative RSS browser but still only pulling my Google Reader updates. Twitter is a good source of links but too distracting and too wide for my liking.


The FSA, the UK's equivalent of the SEC, wants to stop asset managers from using commissions to compensate brokerage firms for scheduling meetings with corporate management. Below are links to recent articles highlighting this news, including in the FT, IR Magazine and other UK media.
This debate started in November when the FSA wrote to all asset management firms about conflicts of interest and stated that commissions should only be paid for execution or research and not for corporate access. The result is that the sell-side can no longer be paid by commissions for corporate access, thus threatening their "cash for access" business model. Although it is still too early to tell how this debate will play out, some institutions have already stated they will not pay brokers for corporate access. Others are questioning whether compensated access is fair as some investors end up being excluded.
Phoenix-IR's position is very clear. As an independent provider of corporate access, free from conflicts of interest, we are not directly affected by this regulatory debate. Quite the contrary, our Reg FD friendly approach means we are able to offer issuers unencumbered access to 100% of the European investor marketplace and investors are able to benefit from this open and fair access, free of charge.
Given the huge sums of money involved in corporate access, it's not surprising that many interested parties, including the Investment Management Association, have weighed into the debate. We will keep you posted as it evolves.
This entry was posted in Corporate Access / MiFID II / FCA on March 18, 2013 by Phoenix Investor Relations.


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Bringing the 'message of Fatima, into the heart of the families of the world, through its youngest members, the children and youth of the world!
A Public International Association of the Christian faithful is an association of people erected by the Holy See. Only a public association can receive a mission to teach Christian doctrine in the name of the Church, promote public worship or pursue a purpose which by nature is reserved to ecclesiastical authority (canon 301 §1). Public associations are able on their own initiative to undertake endeavors in keeping with their own character. These endeavors are governed according to the norm of the statutes, though under the higher direction of the competent ecclesiastical authority. As a public association, the members act in the name of the Church when fulfilling the purpose of the association.
Unite in this apostolic mission to help teach the children and youth in your care how to LEARN, LIVE, and ENGAGE the children in this message, transforming them into Young Missionaries of the Immaculate Heart of Mary.
Learn how with our One Promise and Five Easy Steps.


Most of us were still awake when midnight rolled around and Sunday changed to Monday. Many, but not all of us went to bed for a nap at some point after that, but by 4 a.m. we were all on the bus and headed to the airport.
After spending a very long time standing in the check-in line at the airport, we moved into the long line for security. After passing through these twin ordeals and getting our passports stamped to exit the country, we found our way to our gate and collapsed in weariness, our luggage, and bodies strewn haphazardly about on the floor.
After a few minutes of rest, we boarded our plane and flew to Frankfurt, Germany, where most of us found something to eat for breakfast. After a two-hour layover, we boarded our final flight to Detroit shortly after 10 a.m.; about 8 hours later, we landed in Detroit just before 1 p.m. We had to wait in a long line for passport control, but eventually we got through and collected our luggage and went through customs without difficulty. While waiting for the bus, many of us recharged on coffee from an airport coffee shop.
The bus finally arrived to pick us up from the airport, and we piled on for the final leg of our journey. After about five hours of enjoying the familiar sights of gas stations and restaurants that we recognized and road signs we could read, and re-acquainting ourselves with the incompetence of American fast food staff, we finally arrived back at Legacy Christian School. By this time, almost 24 hours had elapsed since we had boarded the bus at our hotel in Bucharest on the same day.
This was, officially the end of tour for Voice of Light 2018. We bade each other fond farewells and departed to various places.
Looking back over the last two weeks, we are grateful to God for many things. In all the flying that we did, we did not have any lost luggage, delayed flights, or any serious complications. We were kept safe through many miles of bus travel, some of it on hazardous, twisty roads. We had good health; nobody ever missed a program. We were able to bless and encourage our brothers and sisters in Romania and were blessed and encouraged by them in return. We made new friends, grew musically, took lots of group pictures, and experienced a lovely country and culture – this was time well-spent. Soli Deo Gloria.


13th Feb. the sound of a stream woke us and we were out of bed, all ready for the morning 0600 hours, temp not too cold, still 9 degrees.
We were to do 205 Km on this day the previous day we had covered 255 km, we were feeling good about our progress so far.
We stopped at Sapphire transit camp for a round of tea and to admire the works of the army posted in the hills, and beauty of nature all around us.
We made our way to Chug Bridge named after the uncle of my buddy who was in an emotional state to be visiting the bridge named after a family member, it is a big deal and again let the dead depart ,,, While we loafed around and left her to herself while we photographed each other.
And more roads we still were on good roads and it was a relief have heard so much about bad roads of Arunachal, was waiting for the bad bad roads to show up, as we drove on the good roads hilly roads are a pleasure, and my bike was so needed.
The last 5 years Entire Northeast has had a budget of RS 3 thousand crores for Roads, while kashmir every year gets 13 thousand crores for roads is what I gathered.
Sela pass besides being the highest motor able road, is also the life line of Arunachal with India, The lakes are of importance to the Buddhist community I am told as Dalai Lama had come via this route.
that had been cleared and were now more mush and dust as we neared jaswantgarh.
in the present day Arunachal Pradesh during the 1962 India-China war.
He was born on 19 August 1941 to Shri Guman Singh Rawat, at village Baryun, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand.
Local people around Tawang area believe that he has become a saint and his spirit protects the area.
The Indian army keeps at least half-a-dozen personnel here to take care of Rawat as if he were alive.
He is served bed tea at 4.30am, breakfast at 9 am, and dinner at 7pm.
Finally Tawang at 1849 hours , well past sundown.


the last time we wore a hat simply for fashion and not because it served any purpose (to shield you from the sun, for ROTC, as part of a costume), we were 12 years old. and it was a sailor hat. these days, people wear hats too for fashion and not because it serves any purpose!
and if a hat is too much, take your pick from the many hair accessories out there that can turn your look from so-so to so-chic with just a few feathers, some tulle, and a sprinkling of sequins.
a few years ago, when we bought a pair of over-the-knee boots, it was because we were traveling to china in the dead of winter. this year you didn't need a reason to wear them. except to look fierce!
hands down (no pun intended), the accessory of the year! come on, how many people have you seen walking around, carrying an iPad like it was the latest clutch bag? and we're talking about the guys.
the brand of the year! when this american mass-market brand opened in july in a mega space in megamall with nothing priced over P2,000, it made the other stores nervous. stay on your toes, people, because forever 21 will be opening a second branch in 2011—in makati!
we would ask people who wore them, what are those for? for balance daw. you mean if you take them off, you're going to tip over? siguro. this has not been explained to us properly.
we had been doing this for quite some time, but not for fashion reasons. it was necessary when, after strapping on our high-heeled sandals, we would spot the big toenail with the chipped polish. shrug. add socks. problem solved.
Hi Liza! Happy New Year! The balance bracelets have two magnetic spots that pinch a certain pressure point in your wrist, which is supposed to improve your balance. I tried a phiten one when I was doing yoga, and it improved my balance poses.


text:
Ecological Uprising (, EU) was a political and protest movement in Serbia that gained presence during the 2021–2022 Serbian environmental protests. It was led by Aleksandar Jovanović Ćuta, who was elected to the National Assembly of Serbia at the head of We Must (Moramo) coalition in the 2022 Serbian parliamentary election. On 11 June 2022, the movement was merged into a new political party called Together (Zajedno!).

History

Formation
According to Together's website, the Ecological Uprising was formed in 2019. The Ecological Uprising movement grew out of a series of environmental actions in Serbia in 2021. Jovanović, working with a movement called "Defend the Rivers of Stara Planina," used the phrase "ecological uprising" in his call for a citizens' protest at the national assembly on 10 April 2021. The protest, which drew thousands of people, called for a moratorium on the construction of small hydroelectric plants and for more intensive reforestation across Serbia. Another protest was held in September of the same year, with more than thirty environmental organizations rallied around the "Ecological Uprising" banner. The latter event was the catalyst for an ongoing series of protests of environmental protests over the following months, with Jovanović and Ecological Uprising playing a leading role. The protests came to focus in particular on opposition to Rio Tinto's proposed jadarite mining near the Jadar River.

Jovanović indicated in mid-2021 that he wanted the Ecological Uprising movement to participate in the 2022 Belgrade City Assembly election. Speculation grew as to his possible coalition partners, with both the Do not let Belgrade drown (NDB) group and Nebojša Zelenović's Action movement mentioned as possibilities. In November 2021, Jovanović said that Ecological Uprising would participate in both the Belgrade election and the 2022 Serbian parliamentary election; in so doing, he said that the movement's ultimate goal was to "remove the cause of the biggest pollution in Serbia, which is the regime of Aleksandar Vučić."

2022 election
Jovanović and Zelenović signed an electional agreement to create a green-left political bloc in November 2021. The We Must coalition was formally launched in January 2022, with NDB and other parties also participating. The We Must coalition ultimately won representation in both the republican and Belgrade assemblies, taking thirteen seats in each body. Jovanović, who led the coalition's electoral list at the republic level, was elected as a parliamentarian.

On 1 June 2022, representatives of Ecological Uprising, the Action movement, and the Assembly of Free Serbia announced that they would henceforth act as one party. The new party, known as Together (Zajedno!), was formally introduced on 11 June, with Jovanović, Zelenović, and Assembly of Free Serbia leader Biljana Stojković as its co-presidents.

Electoral results

Parliamentary elections

Presidential elections

Belgrade City Assembly elections

References

2019 establishments in Serbia
2022 disestablishments in Serbia
Environmental organizations based in Europe
Green political parties in Serbia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Curiosity's First Arm Extension, Full Resolution
The extended robotic arm of NASA's Mars rover Curiosity can be seen in this mosaic of full-resolution images from Curiosity's Navigation camera (Navcam). Curiosity extended its arm on Aug. 20, 2012.
The 7-foot-long (2.1-meter-long) arm maneuvers a turret of tools including a camera, a drill, a spectrometer, a scoop and mechanisms for sieving and portioning samples of powdered rock and soil.
This mosaic is made using three images projected in a perspective view, which means the images are combined to appear as if they were taken from a single, larger camera.
A thumbnail version is available at http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA15692 .
Curiosity landed on Mars on Aug. 5 PDT (Aug. 6 EDT) to begin its two-year mission, using 10 instruments to assess whether a carefully chosen study area inside Gale Crater has ever offered environmental conditions favorable for microbial life.
The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, manages the Mars Science Laboratory Project, including Curiosity, for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington. JPL designed and built the rover. The Space Division of MDA Information Systems Inc. built the robotic arm in Pasadena.
Landing a spacecraft on Mars is one of the trickiest things we do. This 60-second video explains how it's done, and the three landing systems we use at the Red Planet.
Mars in a Minute: How Do You Land on Mars?
This is one of the first images taken by NASA's Curiosity rover, which landed on Mars the evening of Aug. 5 PDT (morning of Aug. 6 EDT).
Curiosity's Surroundings
What Lies Behind Curiosity
This images shows the powered descent, crane and flyaway portions of edl.
Powered Descent, Sky Crane & Flyaway
This patch of Martian bedrock, about 2 feet (70 centimeters) across, is finely layered rock with some pea-size inclusions. It lies near the lowest point of the "Pahrump Hills" outcrop, which forms ...
Fine-Grained, Finely Layered Rock at Base of Martian Mount Sharp
At the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, technicians, using an overhead crane, separate the two components of the aeroshell, an element of NASA's Mars ...
Aeroshell Testing
These two signature microchips (circled in red) carry 1.2 million names submitted from the public.
Signature Chips on Mars
This two-step animation shows before and after views of a patch of sandstone scrubbed with the Dust Removal Tool, a wire-bristle brush, on NASA's Curiosity Mars rover. Both images were taken April ...
Martian Sandstone Target "Windjana" Before and After Brushing
This Sept. 25, 2015, view from the Mast Camera on NASA's Curiosity Mars rover shows a dark sand dune in the middle distance. The rover's examination of dunes on the way toward higher layers of Moun...
Curiosity Rover Will Study Dunes on Route up Mountain
Two spacecraft engineers join a grouping of vehicles providing a comparison of three generations of Mars rovers developed at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. The setting is JPL's ...
Three Generations of Rovers with Crouching Engineers
A test of a new percussive drilling technique at NASA's JPL. Later this week, NASA's Curiosity rover will test percussive drilling on Mars for the first time since December 2016.
Percussive Drill Test at JPL
Peter C. Theisinger served as the first project manager of NASA's Mars Science Laboratory project at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
Pete Theisinger
Mars Science Laboratory Parachute Qualification Testing
The left eye of the two-camera Mast Camera (Mastcam) instrument on NASA's Mars rover Curiosity took the images combined into this mosaic of the rover's upper deck.
Mast Camera View of Curiosity's Deck
A test operator in clean-room garb holds umbilical cables for NASA's Mars rover Curiosity during the rover's first drive test, on July 23, 2010.
Next Mars Rover Starts Rolling
Some of the women working on NASA's Mars Science Laboratory Project, which built and operates the Curiosity Mars rover, gathered for this photo in the Mars Yard used for rover testing at NASA's Jet...
Women of Mars, in Mars Yard at JPL
This 3D, or stereo anaglyph, view shows the upcoming science destination for NASA's Mars rover Curiosity, a region dubbed "Glenelg," where three different types of material seen from orbit come tog...
'Glenelg' in 3D
Goal1: Determine whether life ever arose on Mars
This stereo mosaic of images from the Navigation Camera (Navcam) on NASA's Mars rover Curiosity shows the terrain to the west from the rover's position on the 528th Martian day, or sol, of the miss...
Curiosity's View Past Dune at 'Dingo Gap' (Stereo)
This image of a calibration target illuminated by ultraviolet LEDs (light emitting diodes) is part of the first set of nighttime images taken by the Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) camera at the end ...
First Night Image of MAHLI Calibration Target Under Ultraviolet Lights
This is the first 360-degree panoramic view from NASA's Curiosity rover, taken with the Navigation cameras.
Curiosity Takes It All In
Goal 3: Characterize the geology of Mars
Goal 4: Prepare for human exploration
The "keys" to NASA's Mars rovers are in the capable hands of the official rover drivers. Learn how they operate the vehicles from millions of miles away in this 60-second video from NASA's Jet Prop...
Mars in a Minute: How Do Rovers Drive on Mars?
This self-portrait of NASA's Mars rover Curiosity combines 66 exposures taken by the rover's Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) during the 177th Martian day, or sol, of Curiosity's work on Mars (Feb. 3...
Curiosity Rover's Self Portrait at 'John Klein' Drilling Site


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Don't liken the Tasmanian Devil to Trump. It's an insult to the animal.
They're scary animals, especially if you're camping in Tasmania and hear them scream at night.
lol – too ugly not to like…from a distance!
lmao – beauty is in the eye of the beholder?


text:
Q: PHP curl_setopt equivalent to curl -d I got the following curl command to work on Linux:
curl -H "Content-Type:application/json" -H "Accept:application/json" -H "Authorization: Basic dGVsZXVuZzpuYWcweWEyMw==" -X PUT -d '{"requireJiraIssue": true, "requireMatchingAuthorEmail": "true"}' http://stash/rest/api/1.0/projects/TSD/repos/git-flow-release-test/settings/hooks/com.isroot.stash.plugin.yacc%3AyaccHook/enabled

However, when I tried to do this on PHP, the data is not being sent to the server properly, this is my set_opt commands:
$myURL = "http://stash/rest/api/1.0/projects/TSD/repos/git-flow-release-test/settings/hooks/com.isroot.stash.plugin.yacc:yaccHook/enabled";
$hookdata_yacc = array(
    'requireJiraIssue' => true,
    'requireMatchingAuthorEmail' => true
);
$data = json_encode($hookdata_yacc);
$headers = array(
    "Content-Type: application/json",
    "Accept: application/json",
    "Authorization: Basic dGVmyPasswordEyMw==",
    "Content-Length: " . strlen($data)
);

$curl = curl_init();
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $myURL);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_PUT, 1);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "POST");
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);

return (curl_exec($curl));

What did I miss?

A: You use CURL options improperly. CURLOPT_PUT is intended for sending files, it is not suited for your case. You have to use CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST option and set it to "PUT", not "POST".
So the code should look like this:
$myURL = "http://stash/rest/api/1.0/projects/TSD/repos/git-flow-release-test/settings/hooks/com.isroot.stash.plugin.yacc:yaccHook/enabled";
$hookdata_yacc = array(
    'requireJiraIssue' => true,
    'requireMatchingAuthorEmail' => true
);
$data = json_encode($hookdata_yacc);
$headers = array(
    "Content-Type: application/json",
    "Accept: application/json",
    "Authorization: Basic dGVmyPasswordEyMw==",
    "Content-Length: " . strlen($data)
);

$curl = curl_init();
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $myURL);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "PUT");
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);

return (curl_exec($curl));


An amusing story effect in which you try to explain why it always rains Cats 'n' Dogs in Manchester (or any other town or city that you may choose)!
You show four cards each with a picture of a cat and a further four each depicting a picture of a dog. The cards are completely unfaked and may be examined by any audience member. The cards are laminated for long life.
The four dog cards are placed in one pile and the four cats into a second pile. To an amusing patter story the cats and dogs repeatedly change places – seeming to jump from one pile to the other! It really is bewildering to watch but oh-so-easy-to-do.
Close-up magic is the coming trend as opportunities for stage and cabaret engagements continue to become less and less available. This is one of the most entertaining routines available today. Both you and your audiences will love it. There is no special set-up, just take the cards from your pocket – show them and you are all ready to go.
Cats 'n' Dogs is a wonderful effect for walkabout and similar engagements. It is also ideal for small size parties, such as a child's birthday. In fact, you will perform this just about anywhere and everywhere.
Comes complete with cards, instructions and an amusing patter routine that explains why it always rains cats and dogs in Manchester!


This lot is an 1923 Original Wisden , Rebound without covers.
The brown boards have gilt to front and spine and are very nice and tidy, internally the book is very good. Nice photoplate. Some wear and ex owners stamp to the first page.


Working with Aryma is a creative, collaborative and thoughtfully managed process dedicated to achieving the highest standards from concept to completion.
The starting point is the time our design team invests to fully understand the client's own requirements and aspirations for the project. Every member of our team is both a fine artist and a trained marqueteur, so one person will oversee a project from origination of concept artwork to placing the final piece of veneer.


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