Among the different kinds of properties we can put our money into buying, the tourism related property is quite special. It is a sure way of earning a considerable income if you manage to choose a really good property. Usually, if you want to make a high income with tourism related property such as a hotel you will have to put a lot of money into buying one. Since most of us cannot afford to buy a whole hotel on our own we can choose to put our money into an investor who makes sound investing decisions in that field and become a shareholder of a good property.With a good investor such as M&L Hospitality we can see a lot of good results. The right kind of investor for tourism related property is known for making all the right decisions about the property they choose to buy.
You will not earn an income by putting your money into a hotel that is not situated well. This does not necessarily mean the hotel you choose has to be situated in one of the best cities of the world. There are certain good hotels which carry a reputation because they are the best you can find in the countryside or the beachside. You have to make sure you are choosing a well located property. A good investor is going to make sure the location is perfect.
A good investor in the hotel business knows owning just one kind of tourism related property is not going to be profitable as it is going to limit the number of clients they can have. That is why you can see that investor choosing properties of all types. They will be investing in upper scale places such as Crowne Plaza Manchester. They are also not going to forget to put their money into buying economy and mid scale hotels as well.
The right investor is going to understand everything about the property before they buy it. That is very important. There are times when a property appears to be the best there is, but when you look more into the property you can see how it can be a bad choice for an investing venture. A good investor is also known for taking good care of the tourism related property they buy. You cannot earn a profit from such a property without managing it well and making it an attractive place for travellers.
As your life goes on, there will come a day you will have to marry. When that day comes, it will be necessary for you to direct your attention towards a wide variety of matters. It will be evident to you that you will be entering a new life, and that your life will not be the same after you marry. This is not necessarily something that is negative. But you should know that you need to enjoy your bachelor life properly before you marry.
This is why bucks' parties are there. Before you marry, you can gather your closest friends and have a celebration that is ideal. It is up to you to take the right steps in making your bucks party ideal. In other words, you need to make sure that the last celebration of your bachelor life is the best one!
There are a few matters that would need to be taken into account in having an ideal bucks party. Given below are some effective steps that you could follow.
One of the first things that you need to do, will be finding a suitable venue for the buck's party. The venue will have to be decided on what you want to do, and how you want your bucks party to be. Having a look around you, you will be capable of seeing many venues that would suit your bucks party ideas Melbourne perfectly. In order to avoid any complications, it would be best for you to book the venue beforehand.
There are many service providers that will be useful to you in having a memorable bucks party. These service providers can range from ones that can give you brilliant bucks ideas to ones that can bring in entertainment to your buck's party. In any case, you need to be sure regarding the service providers that you hire. You will be able to determine their capabilities by having a look at the reputation that they have gained.
A buck's party will not be a buck's party if your best friends are not there. Therefore, you should definitely get your friends on board. In addition to inviting them, you are likely to know what their preferences are when it comes to food, drinks and entertainment. Things will be better if you take the necessary steps towards fulfilling the preferences that you friends have. Their happiness will be your happiness and that would lead to a perfect buck's party celebration.


In 1540, at age 22, Hernando de Alvarado, a native of the small town of Las Montañas in northern Spain, became captain of artillery for the Coronado expedition. Rather than a strictly military rank, the designation "captain" signified Alvarado's social status as leader and organizer of a company. Don Hernando was an hidalgo and caballero of the Order of Santiago, one of the three great religious-military orders of Castilla. The other two were those of Alcántara and Calatrava. Membership in the orders was restricted to very high-status individuals. Although the documentary evidence that would served as incontrovertible proof has not been located, Alvarado likely funded the artillery company he led, as well.
In addition to six small-bore swivel guns, called versillos, the "artillery" of the expedition included 25 matchlock arquebuses and about 20 crossbows. The versillos were small and light enough in weight enough to be packed on horseback. To use cannons such as these, they had to be mounted in sockets in logs or structural elements in a building or ship before being fired. The versillos used by the Coronado expedition proved completely ineffective against the massive stone and adobe pueblos in which the natives of New Mexico resided. As Pedro de Castañeda de Nájera wrote twenty years after the expedition, "some piece of heavy artillery would have been useful to demolish [the walls], since [Vázquez de Coronado] did not take [anything] except the smallest versillos."
When the bulk of the expedition passed in review before Viceroy Antonio de Mendoza at Compostela in February 1540, don Hernando possessed "four horses, a [chainmail] vest with sleeves, native arms and armor." Among the men in his company, which, like others of the day, may have numbered 20 to two dozen, were Juan Troyano, Francisco Muñoz, Juan Jaramillo, Melchior Pérez, and Juan Cordero. The others have not been identified, although some of them at least were undoubtedly retainers of the captain and had been in his service prior to the expedition. Such composition was typical of companies on Spanish-led expeditions of the sixteenth century.
Two months after the expedition's departure from Compostela, the second day after Easter 1540, the expeditionaries carried out a mock battle with the settlers of the most northerly outpost of Spanish settlement, San Miguel de Culiacán. In the heat of that ceremonial skirmish, at least one of the versillos was discharged. Among the gun crew of at least two men handling the piece was Francisco Muñoz, who loaded the charge. Unfortunately, his crewmate fired the fuse before Muñoz had withdrawn the ramrod, and the resulting premature explosion ripped off his hand. That accidental casualty was a rude shock for most of the men, who were new to combat and its vicissitudes.
In a matter of days, though, the captain general and his council decided to split the expedition. A relatively small advance guard of 75 to 100 men-at-arms, including Alvarado and his company, and several hundred Indian allies, would travel on ahead to the Cities of Cíbola. The remainder of the expedition would follow several weeks behind. Alvarado often rode even ahead of the advance guard.
During the early days of July 1540, as Vázquez de Coronado and the advance guard approached Hawikku, the southernmost of the pueblos of Cíbola, four native men approached Alvarado and maestre de campo García López de Cárdenas, who were in the lead. The men said they had come to welcome the advance guard and that people from Hawikku would bring food the next day. While López de Cárdenas sent two of the Indians back to Hawikku with what he thought were reassuring gestures, Alvarado rode back to notify the captain general.
Don Hernando and his leader then returned to the maestre de campo with gift items, consisting of cloaks and glass beads, for the two remaining Cíbolans. Although the two men departed for home seemingly well content, the expeditionaries distrusted their intentions. López de Cárdenas rode ahead with a small force to locate a constricted area along the Zuni River, which the advance guard was following. Such a spot might prove a dangerous ambush, if the Cíbolans wanted to attack. Just such a narrows was found and occupied by López de Cárdenas's company, about a day's march downstream from Hawikku. That night, indeed, a band of warriors of unknown size assailed the camp with shrieks, screams, and a few arrows, but then withdrew into the darkness.
The following day, July 7, 1540, in the Julian calendar, the entire advance guard drew up in front of Hawikku, facing an array of Cíbolan warriors. As mandated by the Spanish king, the expeditionaries read aloud to the assembled Cíbolans the requerimiento, or demand for submission, which was also translated by an interpreter. The response from Cíbola was a shower of arrows. In turn, the captain general ordered an attack on the pueblo. With Vázquez de Coronado, López de Cárdenas, and Alvarado in the lead, the combined European and Indian force rushed the stone walls.
Finding a ladder against the outer wall, perhaps left as a trap, the captain general began to climb. Once he was in that vulnerable position, the Cíbolan defenders hurled a barrage of stones down on Vázquez de Coronado from their position on the flat roof. Several cobbles slammed into the captain general, badly denting his helmet and knocking him to the ground. Alvarado and López de Cárdenas ran to the now unconscious leader and threw themselves on top of him, taking further blows themselves and saving Vázquez de Coronado's life. With the help of other men-at-arms and Indian allies, the two captains were able to carry the captain general out of stone's reach. They laid him in a pavilion tent and returned to the fight.
Within an hour or two the Cíbolan warriors abandoned their pueblo, which had previously be cleared of women, children, and elders. They reestablished themselves in a fortified position on nearby Dowa Yalanne, or Corn Mountain. The advance guard occupied Hawikku, and the captain general regained consciousness, seemingly without lasting harmful effect from the head injury.
Word of the Spanish occupation of Hawikku quickly spread throughout the Pueblo world. In response, an embassy was dispatched from Cicuique, or Pecos, one of the eastern pueblos. Leading the group was a man the Spaniards called Bigotes. He and his companions exchanged gifts and parleyed with Vázquez de Coronado and his captains, including Alvarado. Bigotes offered to serve as intermediary during a tour of the Rio Grande pueblos. The offer was accepted, and don Hernando was designated to lead the expeditionary contingent that would accompany Bigotes.
With 23 other men-at-arms from the expedition, as well as a Mexican Indian contingent of unknown size, and fray Juan de Padilla, Alvarado left Hawikku in early August 1540, heading east as Bigotes directed. Their first stop was at Matsa:kya, the largest of the Cities of Cíbola. Then they proceeded upstream along the Zuni River and the Pescado Valley to the area of modern Ramah, New Mexico. On the way, the expeditionaries saw several ruined towns that once had been inhabited by the ancestors of the Cíbolans.
They noted a fork in the road near Ramah, one branch heading northeast to Zia Pueblo and the other more directly east to Acoma. Under Bigotes's direction, the reconnaissance party traveled by way of the great rocky mesa of Acoma. Alvarado and several of his men made the arduous ascent of the mesa by hand and toe holds. They were disappointed with the pueblo they saw on top. As don Hernando himself later wrote, "we regretted having climbed up to that place."
On the group went at Bigotes's bidding, striking the Rio Grande in the vicinity of modern Albuquerque, what was then Tiguex, a group of 12 to 20 related pueblos situated on both banks of the river. According to Alvarado, "The next day the principales and people came from twelve pueblos. [They came] in order, those from one [pueblo] behind the other. They walked around our tent playing a flute, and an old man [was] speaking." Relations were friendly between don Hernando and his companions and most of the Tiguex people, thanks in great measure to Bigotes's intercession. Rodrigo de Frías, an expeditionary who did not accompany Alvarado and Bigotes, later indicated, however, that two of the pueblos took offense at the Spaniards' arrival and "came forth in war." Don Hernando and his company forced themselves on those pueblos.
In contrast to relatively barren and thinly populated Cíbola and Acoma, Tiguex seemed to be a much more favorable location for the expedition. Alvarado, therefore, wrote to the captain general by courier, advising him to move the expedition to Tiguex for the winter. Vázquez de Coronado heeded that advice and took up quarters in Coofor, one of the Tiguex pueblos, by early winter, requiring the native inhabitants to leave and move to neighboring pueblos.
Meanwhile, following Bigotes, Alvarado continued a circuit of the other pueblos, arriving finally at Cicuique, his guide's home. Because Bigotes had informed don Hernando about great bison herds found on the plains of extreme eastern New Mexico and what is now the Texas Panhandle, he asked to go on to see them. Bigotes, saying he was worn out, declined to lead the expeditionaries farther east, but provided another guide, a native of the plains, whom the Spaniards called by the nickname El Turco.
The new guide led the reconnaissance party into the midst of the bison, but by means of signs he also gave information about a place called Quivira, where there were many large native settlements, as well as gold and other metals. At this news, Alvarado had seen enough of bison for now and rushed back to Tiguex to let the expeditionaries know what he had just learned. Among the things El Turco indicated, was that Bigotes and another leader from Cicuique, called Cacique by the Spaniards, had taken a gold armband from him.
As he passed through Cicuique, Alvarado stopped to question Bigotes and Cacique about the armband. The Indian leaders denied that any such object existed. Don Hernando took them captive and took them forcibly to Tiguex. There, Bigotes and Isopete were tortured in an attempt to extort information from them about the armband and Quivira. They revealed nothing more.
Even with such inconclusive information, the captain general, his council and captains, including Alvarado, decided to go in search of Quivira once winter was over. Throughout the summer of 1541, the expedition sought El Turco's home. When Quivira was found, it turned out to be very different than don Hernando had understood it to be. Instead of many large towns of permanent buildings where people lived who worked gold and other metals, there were villages of thatched structures where no metal was seen except a single piece of copper. The expeditionaries killed El Turco and returned to Tiguex extremely disappointed and angry. Certainly, part of the frustration was due to initial miscommunication between El Turco and the Alvarado party.
After the Coronado expedition was abandoned the next year, 1542, and returned to New Spain, charges stemming from a dog attack against Bigotes were recommended against Alvarado. However, none is known to have been filed. He was a vecino of the Ciudad de México by 1547, if not well before, and died on July 16, 1550.
Day, A. Grove. Coronado's Quest: The Discovery of the Southern States. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1940.
Flint, Richard, The Coronado Entrada: Aspiring Lords, Unwilling Vassals. Book manuscript in preparation.
Flint, Richard and Shirley Cushing Flint, eds. and trs., Documents of the Coronado Expedition, 1539-1542: "They Were Not familiar with His Majesty, nor Did They Wish to Be His Subjects (Dallas: Southern Methodist University, 2005).


This cool old sedan came in to get the bumpers off for rechroming and to pull the engine for an eventual rebuild. We hope the owner will get it fixed up and on the road, because that's what we enjoy helping people with.
The engine is a 241 Hemi that looked like it was worth rebuilding. One of the valvetrain stands was broken already, but a lot of early hemi stuff is being reproduced now, and the cool factor of having a Hemi in your hot rod is worth the admission price.
This is what we found when the heads came off. Hopefully it will be rebuilt and put back in the car, or some other little hot rod. This will never be a barnstormer because it is only 241 cubic inches. However, it is a hemi, and has the look that is so cool.


Based on the facts of the case narrated by you, I am of the opinion that your sponsor has no right to demand a sum of AED5,500/- that he is claiming to have paid for your absconding( to prevent his card from being blocked).
how can i know i have a absconding report on me, while that is the case can i enter with visit visa. if i enter is there is any problem.


The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) on maternal and children's health could be tantalizingly within reach if new aid initiatives can effectively replicate successful schemes from around the world.
MDG 4 aims to reduce child mortality by two-thirds by 2015 from the benchmark year of 1990, when almost 12 million children under five died annually. Progress towards this target has been impressive but still insufficient, since 6.9 million children died in 2011.
To achieve MDG 5, to reduce by three-quarters the maternal mortality ratio, all women need access to reproductive healthcare, and the global average maternal mortality rate (MMR) should fall to under 100 maternal deaths per thousand pregnancies by 2015. The MMR dropped from 400 in 1990 to 210 in 2010, a fall of 47 per cent.
Maternal health and the survival rates of young children are clearly linked. Though the MDGs on reducing maternal and child mortality still look difficult to reach, it could still be possible if remarkable examples of successful strategies and interventions could be replicated in those countries still falling behind their targets.
Sri Lanka has reached MDG targets well ahead of schedule, thanks to the strategic expansion of a nationwide network of health centres, teaching hospitals, prenatal clinics, maternity homes, and rural hospitals. Traditional birth attendants have been replaced by trained midwives, and nearly 98 per cent of births today occur in institutions. Importantly, international organizations supported healthcare improvements in Sri Lanka by channeling aid through the government's existing foundations.
community health posts staffed by trained health workers and supplied with essential drugs. Family planning campaigns, a massive measles vaccination campaign, and increased attention to nutrition have also helped. These programmes were supported by both UNICEF and the health ministry which provided access to the drugs and commodities essential to making the health posts functional.
Ghana's U5MR has also declined greatly since 2000. Key actions have included the wider use of insecticide-treated nets over children's beds, and family planning campaigns that have increased the interval between births.
Mexico has introduced cost-effective large-scale interventions to increase vaccination coverage and combat diarrhea through better treatment and sanitation. A conditional cash transfer programme called Progresa introduced in 1997, and then renamed Oportunidades in 2000, provides financial support to families in exchange of regular health clinic visits and nutritional support, especially among mothers and pregnant women. Midwife training has also been enhanced. This led to a reduction in U5MR from 64 per 1000 live births to 23.
In each of these countries impressive improvements have been made thanks to well-planned domestic health policies and effective support in the shape of carefully channeled external financial and technical assistance has played a vital role.
The 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness laid down an outline for donors and partner countries to reform the way aid is delivered and managed. The principles of ownership, alignment, and harmonization are particularly relevant to donors involved in the health sector.
Ownership is achieved when recipient countries are allowed to develop their own national strategies according to their priorities, and take control and leadership of any plans. Alignment occurs when donors adapt their aid programmes to fit with national development objectives, and when they deliver aid through in-country systems. This helps to give flexibility to the needs and priorities or recipient countries, and to develop the capacities necessary for recipient countries to sustainably lead and manage development going forward.
However, there are many instances where donors have moved away from schemes that engage with the recipient governments because they can be hard to realize and monitor in the poorest countries. Instead much focus has been on providing funding for single issues such as vaccination programmes or anti-malarial campaigns; such funding is often provided to private actors working outside government systems. Such schemes can achieve impressive results, but to achieve the MDGs on maternal and child health it is clear that low-income countries will still need well-organized country health systems.
Single issue initiatives could feasibly help to reinforce progress towards vital development objectives, but to do so in a sustainable manner they need to be better aligned with recipient countries' own national health strategies.
A lack of effective harmonization between donors can also create unnecessary problems. Local health officials sometimes find that meeting different donors' demands takes up time that they could better use to deal directly with vital health issues. In Tanzania, for instance, health workers in some regions may spend more than 20 days per quarter writing reports for a plethora of different donors. The practical consequences of this kind of aid fragmentation put a heavy burden on the fragile capacities of developing countries' health systems. To avoid such problems donors should strive to co-ordinate and harmonize their efforts. Donors working on similar issues can undertake joint missions rather than separate projects.
Collaborations between low-income countries represent an alternative way to spread improvements by exchanging experiences. One such partnership between Brazil and Mozambique on HIV/AIDS has yielded positive results.
This Research brief is based on WIDER Working Paper 2013/99 'A review of external assistance and aid effectiveness for maternal and child health: Challenges and opportunities' by Zulfiqar A. Bhutta and Samia Aleem.


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Protecting the Right to Repair Your iPhone
While many on the left, most notably Elizabeth Warren, are pushing for a revival of antitrust, here's one specific policy that could rein in tech giants and has momentum for reform: right-to-repair laws.
The New York Times Editorial Board recently explained why a non-tech-related proposal from Sen. Elizabeth Warren should be applied to consumer electronics. Warren's proposal, aimed at "leveling the playing field for America's family farmers," advocates a national right-to-repair law that would "require manufacturers of farm equipment to make diagnostic tools, manuals, and other repair-related resources available to any individual or business, not just their own dealerships and authorized agents." The Times wants the proposal to go even further by making it apply to consumer products.
Since the passage of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) in 1998, companies have been using claims of copyright protection as the basis for controlling who can perform repairs. While this has affected things like cars and tractors, companies like Apple have also used it to keep repair costs high:
The potential savings are considerable. A 2011 study found that customers who used independent auto repair shops spent about 24 percent less on repairs each year. Similarly, Apple charges $279 to fix the screen of an iPhone X, while a repair store in downtown Washington, D.C., quoted a price of $219 — although the lack of Apple support makes such repairs riskier.
Overly stringent IP protection laws have prevented consumers from affordably repairing products that they already own. It's tough to see how doing that leads to further innovation.
The Editorial Board provides some hope, saying that all it might take to convince these companies to relax their restrictions is for one state to pass a right-to-repair law:
Legislators in 20 states have introduced some version of right-to-repair legislation this year. The front-runner is a bill in Minnesota, where similar legislation has been proposed for several years. This bill is expected to reach the floor of the Minnesota House this month.
While Warren's goal of helping farmers is an admirable first step, the Editorial Board is right to look for ways to protect all consumers, and facilitating an open marketplace for repairs is a good (and attainable) way to do it.
By Raymond Roesler|2019-04-15T12:45:27-07:00April 15th, 2019|Blog, Intellectual Property|

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Vice President salaries at Red Cab can range from $77,706-$83,983. This estimate is based upon 1 Red Cab Vice President salary report(s) provided by employees or estimated based upon statistical methods. See all Vice President salaries to learn how this stacks up in the market.


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ArtistsExhibitionsViewing RoomNewsPublicationsThe Gallery
Enrico David's "Head Gas" at the New Museum's Studio 231
'Head Gas'is the first New York exhibition by Enrico David, an Italian artist based in Berlin. The normally cheeky art prankster decided to sober up a bit to create this new body of acrylic work, which debuts at the New Museums' recent addition'Studio 231. In this rare and wonderful show, David presents us with a bevy of bright, haunting acrylic pieces that were created through the light touch of a brush or a few soft swipes from a sponge. As it says on the website, "David's imagery suggests bodies at the point of apparition or dissolution'beings that cannot be contained or consumed, perhaps only passed through, and reluctantly present." We asked the enigmatic artist a few questions about his work, and his responses are below.
HuffPost Arts: How are your pieces similar to performances?
ED: In a sense I one could say that every creative act responds to the staging of a drama, the making of something visible, whether that is evoked through a narrative structure or by the properties of materials employed and the way they are put together. The destiny of the figure in my work has often been one of embodiment, role-play, to the point of observing that same body struggling to recognize itself.
HuffPost Arts: How did you make the switch to pure paint, and how did you come up with your new paravents?
ED: My experience of responding to the impulse of making an image does not always coincide with a clear destination for that image to exist. The possibility of painting is something that I have made use of all along in my work, at times as a way to represent sculptures that I could not see clearly enough as objects, or vice versa. I am interested in the properties inherent to the materials involved in painting'pigments, canvas and their relationship to scale and objects. This somehow is also how the paravents came to be. There is a weakness that I experience in the face of the possibility of painting an image, and that is something that I find necessary, useful and fascinating.
HuffPost Arts: What is your take on Gide's statement: "In art there are no problems that are not sufficiently solved by the work of art itself"?
ED: Images present themselves without a language, and my default is to try and foster them with the linguistic and intellectual faculties that we tend to apply to everything else. In a sense we approach the experience of art with a set of references that most of the time have very little'if anything'to do with what the image proposes in its essence. One could say that looking at art is a way to test our capacity to prove ourselves wrong over and over.
© 2020 Michael Werner Gallery


If you really want to find out the root cause of your physical issues....you have to understand the function of blood circulation in your body.
Blood travels through veins throughout our body and supplies necessary ingredients to all the parts of our body. All cells in our body have its independent intelligence so it takes appropriate ingredients from our blood.
Consider you are going from one place to other place by bus. In-between those two places there are many bus stops and those stops are nothing but organs. In one minute the bus goes to all the shops and return back to heart which is nothing but driver (your heart pumping). If you come to know who are all getting down and who are all boarding in the bus then you will know where exactly your problem is.
Lung takes the air inside and filters it and then supplies Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Hydrogen to blood whenever needed.
Heart pumps the blood to circulate it into all parts of our body.
Kidneys take the water based liquid and keeps necessary and filters out the unnecessary which is nothing but urine..
Remember, our body needs to maintain 37 degrees Celsius heat to function healthily. For that our lungs have to work properly to supply air circulation which is nothing but Oxygen.
On an average, we breathe 30 to 40 pounds of air through 15000+ breaths. We take air inside our body and it is gets cleaned by lungs. The air we breathe contains various gases and the important one is oxygen. The lungs take the oxygen from the air and give it to the blood stream.Our blood carries the oxygen to the heart and heart sends the oxygen throughout our body using the blood. Each and every cell in our body needs oxygen.
So, to have a healthy body proper lung function is important.
To have a healthy physical body which is the foundation for materialistic and spiritual world, one has to take care of his/her body by doing exercise or yoga to generate the heat in the body since most of the parts of our body has got a tendency to shrink and expand.
- Our lungs should work properly to keep the proper air circulation in our body.
- Air circulation helps to maintains proper function in our body parts which helps to maintain the body temperature.
- If the body temperature works fine then astral body works fine.
Body has to function properly to keep the mind at peace. This is one of criteria to have mental strength.
And inner peace is needed to lead a good life as well as for spiritual progress.


The Burton Qualifiers are free to the public. Registration opens at 10 a.m. at Woodward Tahoe and is capped for the competition's two divisions at 100 riders.
One of the premier amateur contests for up-and-coming snowboarders will make its only stop in the Western U.S. this Saturday.
For the third straight year the Burton Qualifiers touch down at Boreal Mountain California for an hour-long jam session, offering hundreds of athletes a chance to walk away with cash prizes and claim invitations to the finals at the end of March in Pennsylvania.
The Burton Qualifiers feature an open format jam session, emphasizing creativity and progression. Riders have an hour to get in as many runs as possible while looking to impress judges with trick execution and style.
Registrations for the event at Boreal is free and open to the public, and is capped at 100 riders apiece for the competition's two divisions — 15-and-under and open. Registration for the competition opens at 10 a.m. at Woodward Tahoe.
Practice will run from 11 to noon. The 15-and-under event will get underway at 12:30 p.m.
The top six finishers in each division qualify for the final event at Seven Springs. First place in 15-and-under division receives $500, and $1,000 goes to the winner of the open division.
The stop at Boreal is the fifth of six events before the finals at Seven Springs Mountain Resort in Pennsylvania.


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Avèze est une commune française située dans l'ouest du département du Gard, en région Occitanie.

Exposée à un climat méditerranéen, elle est drainée par l'Arre, le Coudoulous, la Glèpe et par un autre cours d'eau. Incluse dans les Cévennes, la commune possède un patrimoine naturel remarquable composé de deux zones naturelles d'intérêt écologique, faunistique et floristique.

Avèze est une commune rurale qui compte  en . Elle est dans l'agglomération de Vigan et fait partie de l'aire d'attraction du Vigan. Ses habitants sont appelés les Avezols ou  Avezoles.

Géographie

Localisation
Avèze se situe entre le causse de Blandas et le massif granitique de l'Aigoual. À  du Vigan.

Hydrographie et relief
La commune se trouve au confluent de la Glèpe, du Coudoulous et de l'Arre.

Voies de communication et transports
Les routes départementales 48, 48A, 110, 170 et 999 parcourent le territoire communal. Celui-ci est également traversé par le Sentier de grande randonnée 6 (GR 6) qui constitue localement une variante du chemin de Saint-Guilhem-le-Désert.

Climat
Le climat qui caractérise la commune est qualifié, en 2010, de « climat méditerranéen franc », selon la typologie des climats de la France qui compte alors huit grands types de climats en métropole. En 2020, la commune ressort du type « climat méditerranéen » dans la classification établie par Météo-France, qui ne compte désormais, en première approche, que cinq grands types de climats en métropole. Pour ce type de climat, les hivers sont doux et les étés chauds, avec un ensoleillement important et des vents violents fréquents.

Les paramètres climatiques qui ont permis d'établir la typologie de 2010 comportent six variables pour les températures et huit pour les précipitations, dont les valeurs correspondent à la normale 1971-2000. Les sept principales variables caractérisant la commune sont présentées dans l'encadré suivant.

Avec le changement climatique, ces variables ont évolué. Une étude réalisée en 2014 par la Direction générale de l'Énergie et du Climat complétée par des études régionales prévoit en effet que la  température moyenne devrait croître et la pluviométrie moyenne baisser, avec toutefois de fortes variations régionales. Ces changements peuvent être constatés sur la station météorologique de Météo-France la plus proche, « Le Vigan », sur la commune du Vigan, mise en service en 1965 et qui se trouve à  à vol d'oiseau, où la température moyenne annuelle est de  et la hauteur de précipitations de  pour la période 1981-2010.
Sur la station météorologique historique la plus proche, « Millau », sur la commune de Millau, dans le département de l'Aveyron, mise en service en 1964 et à , la température moyenne annuelle évolue de  pour la période 1971-2000, à  pour 1981-2010, puis à  pour 1991-2020.

Milieux naturels et biodiversité

Espaces protégés
La protection réglementaire est le mode d'intervention le plus fort pour préserver des espaces naturels remarquables et leur biodiversité associée.
Dans ce cadre, la commune fait partie de l'aire d'adhésion du Parc national des Cévennes. Ce  parc national, créé en 1967, est un territoire de moyenne montagne formé de cinq entités géographiques : le massif de l'Aigoual, le causse Méjean avec les gorges du Tarn et de la Jonte, le mont Lozère, les vallées cévenoles ainsi que le piémont cévenol.

La commune fait partie de la zone de transition des Cévennes, un territoire d'une superficie de  reconnu réserve de biosphère par l'UNESCO en 1985 pour la mosaïque de milieux naturels qui la composent et qui abritent une biodiversité exceptionnelle, avec  animales,  de plantes à fleurs et de fougères, auxquelles s'ajoutent d'innombrables mousses, lichens, champignons.

Zones naturelles d'intérêt écologique, faunistique et floristique

L'inventaire des zones naturelles d'intérêt écologique, faunistique et floristique (ZNIEFF) a pour objectif de réaliser une couverture des zones les plus intéressantes sur le plan écologique, essentiellement dans la perspective d'améliorer la connaissance du patrimoine naturel national et de fournir aux différents décideurs un outil d'aide à la prise en compte de l'environnement dans l'aménagement du territoire.

Deux ZNIEFF de  sont recensées sur la commune :
 le « causse de Blandas » (), couvrant  dont 11 dans le Gard et 1 dans l'Hérault ;
 les « vallées amont de l'Hérault » (), couvrant  dont 22 dans le Gard et 1 dans l'Hérault.

Urbanisme

Typologie
Avèze est une commune rurale, car elle fait partie des communes peu ou très peu denses, au sens de la grille communale de densité de l'Insee.
Elle appartient à l'unité urbaine du Vigan, une agglomération intra-départementale regroupant  et  en 2017, dont elle est une commune de la banlieue.

Par ailleurs la commune fait partie de l'aire d'attraction du Vigan, dont elle est une commune du pôle principal. Cette aire, qui regroupe , est catégorisée dans les aires de moins de .

Occupation des sols

L'occupation des sols de la commune, telle qu'elle ressort de la base de données européenne d'occupation biophysique des sols Corine Land Cover (CLC), est marquée par l'importance des forêts et milieux semi-naturels (42,8 % en 2018), une proportion identique à celle de 1990 (43,2 %). La répartition détaillée en 2018 est la suivante :
forêts (42,8 %), zones urbanisées (28,6 %), zones agricoles hétérogènes (28,6 %).

L'IGN met par ailleurs à disposition un outil en ligne permettant de comparer l'évolution dans le temps de l'occupation des sols de la commune (ou de territoires à des échelles différentes). Plusieurs époques sont accessibles sous forme de cartes ou photos aériennes : la carte de Cassini (), la carte d'état-major (1820-1866) et la période actuelle (1950 à aujourd'hui).

Risques majeurs
Le territoire de la commune d'Avèze est vulnérable à différents aléas naturels : météorologiques (tempête, orage, neige, grand froid, canicule ou sécheresse), inondations, feux de forêts, mouvements de terrains et séisme (sismicité faible). Il est également exposé à un risque technologique,  le transport de matières dangereuses, et à un risque particulier : le risque de radon. Un site publié par le BRGM permet d'évaluer simplement et rapidement les risques d'un bien localisé soit par son adresse soit par le numéro de sa parcelle.

Risques naturels
Certaines parties du territoire communal sont susceptibles d'être affectées par le risque d'inondation par débordement de cours d'eau et par une crue torrentielle ou à montée rapide de cours d'eau, notamment l'Arre et le Coudoulous. La commune a été reconnue en état de catastrophe naturelle au titre des dommages causés par les inondations et coulées de boue survenues en 1982, 1992, 1994, 1996, 2002, 2003, 2011, 2014 et 2020.

La commune est vulnérable au risque de mouvements de terrains constitué principalement du retrait-gonflement des sols argileux. Cet aléa est susceptible d'engendrer des dommages importants aux bâtiments en cas d'alternance de périodes de sécheresse et de pluie. 66,4 % de la superficie communale est en aléa moyen ou fort (67,5 % au niveau départemental et 48,5 % au niveau national). Sur les  dénombrés sur la commune en 2019, 442 sont en en aléa moyen ou fort, soit 89 %, à comparer aux 90 % au niveau départemental et 54 % au niveau national. Une cartographie de l'exposition du territoire national au retrait gonflement des sols argileux est disponible sur le site du BRGM.

Par ailleurs, afin de mieux appréhender le risque d'affaissement de terrain, l'inventaire national des cavités souterraines permet de localiser celles situées sur la commune.

Risques technologiques
Le risque de transport de matières dangereuses sur la commune est lié à sa traversée par des infrastructures routières ou ferroviaires importantes ou la présence d'une canalisation de transport d'hydrocarbures. Un accident se produisant sur de telles infrastructures est en effet susceptible d'avoir des effets graves au bâti ou aux personnes jusqu'à , selon la nature du matériau transporté. Des dispositions d'urbanisme peuvent être préconisées en conséquence.

Risque particulier
Dans plusieurs parties du territoire national, le radon, accumulé dans certains logements ou autres locaux, peut constituer une source significative d'exposition de la population aux rayonnements ionisants. Certaines communes du département sont concernées par le risque radon à un niveau plus ou moins élevé. Selon la classification de 2018, la commune d'Avèze est classée en zone 3, à savoir zone à potentiel radon significatif.

Toponymie
En 1156, il est fait mention de Aveda. En 1384, on parle de Beata-Maria de Avesia.

Histoire

Moyen Âge
Ancienne possession des bénédictins d'Aniane dès le , le village était une étape sur la route du causse. En 1258, le roi de France y fonde un prieuré.

Époque moderne
En 1561, Claude de Vabres, seigneur d'Avèze introduit la Réforme à Avèze. En 1620, les villageois soutiennent massivement les troupes du duc de Rohan lors de sa révolte.

De 1630 à 1633, le village se retranche pour faire face à la peste qui sévit dans le Midi.

En 1703, une troupe de camisards tente d'incendier l'église mais ils sont repoussés par les habitants.

Le bourg prospère au  où de nombreuses demeures bourgeoises aux façades sobres et aux intérieurs raffinés sont bâties.

Époque contemporaine
Le village est très prospère du fait de l'industrie textile, de l'agriculture. On y trouve également une carrière de pierres lithographiques.

Dans le hameau du Verdier est exploitée la source homonyme dont l'eau est commercialisée.

Le 1er juin 1843 sont inaugurés les thermes de Cauvalat qui attirent de nombreux curistes de la région pour la qualité de ses eaux sulfureuses. Cependant, les thermes ferment en 1900. À partir de 1915, ils sont transformés en hôpital militaire belge. Des soldats belges victimes d'asphyxie à l'ypérite ou atteints de tuberculose y vinrent en convalescence. 33 soldats belges sont inhumés dans le carré militaire belge du cimetière communal d'Avèze. Certains se sont installés dans le village et les alentours.

Politique et administration

Liste des maires

Population et société

Démographie

Enseignement
École maternelle et élémentaire communale.

Sports
La commune d'Avèze possède un stade polyvalent.

Économie

Revenus
En 2018  (données Insee publiées en ), la commune compte  fiscaux, regroupant . La médiane du revenu disponible par unité de consommation est de  ( dans le département).

Emploi

En 2018, la population âgée de  s'élève à , parmi lesquelles on compte 72,8 % d'actifs (62,1 % ayant un emploi et 10,7 % de chômeurs) et 27,2 % d'inactifs. En  2018, le taux de chômage communal (au sens du recensement) des  est inférieur à celui du département, mais supérieur à celui de la France, alors qu'en 2008 il était supérieur à celui du département.

La commune fait partie du pôle principal de l'aire d'attraction du Vigan. Elle compte  en 2018, contre 304 en 2013 et 323 en 2008. Le nombre d'actifs ayant un emploi résidant dans la commune est de 402, soit un indicateur de concentration d'emploi de 71,2 % et un taux d'activité parmi les 15 ans ou plus de 51,2 %.

Sur ces 402 actifs de 15 ans ou plus ayant un emploi, 117 travaillent dans la commune, soit 29 % des habitants. Pour se rendre au travail, 80,5 % des habitants utilisent un véhicule personnel ou de fonction à quatre roues, 6,6 % les transports en commun, 7,6 % s'y rendent en deux-roues, à vélo ou à pied et 5,3 % n'ont pas besoin de transport (travail au domicile).

Activités hors agriculture

Secteurs d'activités
80 établissements sont implantés  à Avèze au . Le tableau ci-dessous en détaille le nombre par secteur d'activité et compare les ratios avec ceux du département.

Le secteur du commerce de gros et de détail, des transports, de l'hébergement et de la restauration est prépondérant sur la commune puisqu'il représente 30 % du nombre total d'établissements de la commune (24 sur les 80 entreprises implantées  à Avèze), contre 30 % au niveau départemental.

Entreprises et commerces
Les cinq entreprises ayant leur siège social sur le territoire communal qui génèrent le plus de chiffre d'affaires en 2020 sont :
 Gernic, supermarchés ()
 Imprimerie Clement, autre imprimerie (labeur) ()
 Societe D'exploitation Des Etablissements Alain Manjarres, entretien et réparation d'autres véhicules automobiles ()
 Scol Art'rex, commerce de gros (commerce interentreprises) d'autres biens domestiques ()
 VAD Architecture, activités d'architecture ()

Agriculture

La commune est dans les Cévennes, une petite région agricole occupant l'ouest du département du Gard. En 2020, l'orientation technico-économique de l'agriculture  sur la commune est la polyculture et/ou le polyélevage. Trois exploitations agricoles ayant leur siège dans la commune sont dénombrées lors du recensement agricole de 2020 (18 en 1988). La superficie agricole utilisée est de .

Culture locale et patrimoine

Poètes
Pour les amoureux de la langue d'oc Aveze est avant tout la patrie du poète cévenol Laurent Cabanis, du .

Ce poète était excellent et très prolifique, ce qui explique que son œuvre n'est pas été rééditée en totalité d'autant plus qu'elle est écrite dans une orthographe très localiste qui complique la lecture pour certains.

Son poème le plus célèbre est "Lo Tempèsto", véritablement impressionnant !

En voici un gros extrait :

Obès-ti jomai bist per-dessus bostro tèsto

S'espondi lou montèl de lo negro tempèsto ?

Los nius embé los nius, l'uno l'autro detras,

Sèmbloun paisse din l'èr coumo un grand troupelas ;

L'escurisino nai jous lou soumbre ocotache,

Lou jour s'estobonis, lou cièl perd soun visache ;

Lou sòu deben escu : pu negro qu'un cremal,

Lo nuech renho pertout, en omount, en obal,

E lou grond montelas que so pato desplego

Ocato lo clortat jous soun vouelo de pego.

Ofrouso escurisino, alo de croupotas

Que courduro lou jour coumo dinc un petas.

Del found de so coverno, Eolo oubris lo trapo

Ò los boulzes des vents, e d'oquelo soupapo

S'escapo embé furìo e coumo s'èro bau

Lou terrible ventas que s'apèlo mistrau.

Soun soufle estripo e tuo los nius omouncelados.

Coumo om bei sus lo mar los terriblos oundados

Qu'àu tantò lur escumo ò lo cimo de l'èr

E tantò bàu leca lous pèses de l'onfèr,

Om diriè lou troupèl d'innoumbrablos cabalos

Que si càbroun din l'èr en ausiguent los balos !

Lou tounerro ò soun tour aribo ol grand galop

En trainent oprès el so borrasso de fioc,

Barro de Lucifèr, ordent e biel bitume

Qu'ò grands cops de mortèl e dessus soun enclume

Lou diu de lo tempesto, envirounat d'eclèrs,

Embrando e fo rougi din lou found des onfèrs.

Alors porès en aut lo fourmidablo foudro,

Rivalo de lo flamo, oluqueto de poudro ;

Lo foudro, oquel frocas, lo foudro, oquel subroun,

Grando caisso del cièl, soun terrible broun-broun

Que bo dedin los nius posseja so borrasso,

Coumo uno ser[p] de fioc que couris din l'espaço ;

Zigo-zago que semblo ò dous brasses coupacs

Que bàu trauca lou cièl de toutes lous coustacs...

Om creiriè beire en l'èr uno Parco jalouso,

Presto ò coupa lou fiu que penjo ò so filouso.

E chacun, ò l'ospet del terrible frocas,

Jogo de l'escorpin per si metre ol soulas !

L'un couris descaussat embé so bato duro,

L'autre crido Arre ! Arre ! ò l'ase so mounturo ;

Lou labourur, del jou destaco sous dous biòus,

Estremo sous chobals, sos bacos e sous miòus ;

Lou pastre soun troupèl, l'onhèl embé lo fedo,

Lou bonèl, lo bonèlo e lou bestit de sedo.

Lo clouco escocolasso, oclato sous monics,

Lo mestresso del bouc bielo oprès lous cobrics

E moussu lou curat rebausso so soutano

Per fa brounzi din l'èr lou glas de so compano ;

E chacun, per gonha soun mas ou soun oustau,

Couris coumo un troupèl que couris ò lo sau.

Mè, ol mème moument, lo terriblo mesclado

De los nius e des vents, de lo barro inflamado,

Fo croca lo tempesto, e de soun grand bentras

Debalo sus lo terro un ourrible plejas !

Lou sère o lous ounous de l'ofrouso tempèsto,

Los cancos, lous ferracs debàloun sus so tèsto,

E del serre ò los nius, e de los nius obal,

Lou Diu de lo tempèsto o dressat soun cremal.

Lo troumbo geto ol luen so bavo e soun escumo,

S'omouncèlo, grondis, sus elo reboulumo ;

E pièi, coumo uno ser[p] coupado en dous moucèls,

Copo en dous so muralho e buojo sous tinèls.

Tout cedo jous l'efort de l'ourriblo coscado...

Lo mountagno, sus-cop, n'es qu'uno embousenado,

Lo troumbo entraino tout, lou sopin, lou blocas,

Lou roube ount o nisat milo ans lou croupatas,

E lous soucs eternèls de los bielhos tolhados,

Los matos que lou vent fo beire escortolhados,

Lou costonhié grefat, lou costonhié bouscò,

E lou qu'es daufinen, e lou qu'es porodò ;

Lo figuièiro que ben de lo terro afriquenco,

E l'aubre de la pès, l'inmourtèl oulibié,

E l'aubre des coumbacs, lou superbe laurié.

L'aigo, qu'o relontit uno espesso sauclièiro,

Escalo sus lous grels.. e d'oquelo poissièiro

S'elanço furiouso.. espouventablo.. e pièi,

Baujo, din so furou, coumo un demoun ebrièi,

Los norinos en fioc, porelho ò lo bocanto

Que met en milo flocs lo liro que l'encanto,

Coumo un roc destocat l'aigo sauto e boundis,

Trempasso lous volouns, trempasso lous comis,

Trempasso lous balacs, trempasso los muralhos

E pièi, coumo uno truejo, enfounso sos nosalhos

Din lous comps desoulacs, bousigo lous nobecs,

Bousigo lous leguns, bousigo lous caulecs,

Bousigo lous boncals, bousigo lo mojouflo,

Bousigo lous melouns, jous elo tout s'escouflo !

Quand l'aigo embé so bavo o tustat jusco en bas,

Alor, coumo uno mar, porès lou grand plejas,

Montelas de Neptuno, umidasso soutano

Que fo, jous soun nibèl, disporètre lo plano.

Reünics, counfounducs dinc un soul reboulun,

Lous tourrents, lous goutaus, tout ocò ni fo qu'un ;

Pièi l'aigo, pau ò pau, bei boissa soun esquino

E lo mar, ò lo fi, l'engloutis din so tino !

Lou deluge portit, lou sòu, lou lendeman,

Semblo qu'es estripat per l'ounglo de Sotan ;

On diriè, sus toun sé, bèlo plano, pecaire,

Que lou Diu de l'onfèr o possat soun oraire !

Lieux et monuments

Édifices civils
 Château de Montcalm dont les fondations datent du . Il est acheté par la Société marseillaise de crédit avant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Inscrit à l'inventaire des Monuments historiques depuis 1942.
 Château Teissier dit Lou Castelet. Édifié en 1891 par Edmond de Joly. Dans les années 1960, il est acheté par la Société Marseillaise de Crédit puis transformé en 1985 en Centre d'Aide par le Travail pour des adultes handicapés.
 Château et domaine de la Fabrègue. Propriété de la famille de la Fabrègue au , il appartient ensuite à la famille Laporte. Au , ses abords abritaient des assemblées clandestines protestantes. Il appartient aujourd'hui à la famille de Saporta.
 Château et domaine de la Bouysse. Appartenant à la famille de Cazalet.
 Vieux pont sur l'Arre bâti en 1715. Inscrit à l'inventaire des Monuments historiques depuis 1942.
 Ancien établissement thermal de Cauvalat, ayant servi d'hôpital militaire belge de 1915 à 1918. Il est à présent aménagé en appartements.
 Cimetière belge où reposent les soldats décédés à Cauvalat.
 Usine de bonneterie Carabasse : usine de bonneterie créée en 1925 par Fernand Carabasse.
 Centrale hydroélectrique de la Vallée de l'Arre : mini centrale réalisée en 1926 pour alimenter en particulier l'usine de bonneterie Carabasse.
 Filature de soie Pelon : filature de soie établie en 1822 par Jean Pelon.
 Filature de soie Bastide du .
 Filature de soie et usine de préparation de produit minéral (fabrique de pierres lithographiques) Astruc : filature de soie de Sylvestre Astruc, fin du , début .
 Moulin, usine de préparation de produit minéral, usine de produits chimiques, usine de papiers peints (usine de fabrication de pierre lithographique) de Montcalm, puis Kammerer du .

Édifices religieux
 Église Notre-Dame-d'Avèze. Ruinée en 1561, reconstruite de 1687 à 1694. L'église endommagée par les affres des troupes camisardes, de la révolution, elle est entièrement reconstruite en 1861.
 Temple de l'Église Protestante Unie de France. Édifié sous la Restauration, il est entouré d'un jardin.
 Statue de la Vierge érigée à la suite de la guérison de la marquise de Montcalm née Pozzo di Borgo (1865-1917). Élevée dans le parc du château de Montcalm, elle est placée dans une grotte factice imitant la grotte de Lourdes.

Patrimoine environnemental
 La commune est située sur l'itinéraire du Chemin de Saint-Guilhem-le-Désert reliant deux chemins de Compostelle, en l'occurrence le chemin du Puy et celui d'Arles.
 Le pont de mousse : concrétions calcaires creusées par l'érosion et formant une arche.

Personnalités liées à la commune
 Claude de Vabres-Beaufort (1535-1604). Seigneur d'Avèze, il introduit la Réforme dans son village. Il participe aux guerres de religion.
 La famille de Mazade d'Avèze.
 Louis-Hippolyte de Montcalm (1775-1857).
 Laurent Cabanis : poète occitan qui hébergea l'abbé Guillaume-Thomas Raynal, auteur de l'Histoire des Deux Indes lorsqu'il était recherché pour ses écrits.
 Édouard de Cazalet (1913-2009). Banquier, président-directeur général de la Société Marseillaise de Crédit. Maire d'Avèze de 1958 à 1978, il réalise de nombreux travaux.
 La famille Teissier.
 Robert de Joly (1887-1968). Pionnier de la spéléologie.

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 Avèze, Dépliant patrimoine, Office de Tourisme des Cévennes Méridionales, 2011.

 "Historique d'Avèze " par Jean Brun, ancien maire d'Avèze ( Edit. Lacour Nîmes.)
 "Avèze : La chapellenie Ste Catherine 1481-1789 " par Robert Bastide - " Le lien des chercheurs cévenols : octobre -décembre 2015 - n° 183.
 " Histoire d'une famille : Les Bastide à Avèze - 1639-1972" par Robert Bastide - Document déposé aux Archives départemental du Gard, aux archives communales d'Avèze.

Articles connexes
 Liste des communes du Gard
 Aire urbaine du Vigan

Liens externes

Notes et références

Notes et cartes
 Notes

 Cartes

Références

Site de l'Insee

Autres sources

Commune dans le Gard
Commune dans l'arrondissement du Vigan
Mémoire de la Première Guerre mondiale en France
Unité urbaine du Vigan
Aire urbaine du Vigan
Aire d'attraction du Vigan

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Welcome to Shoosmiths > Client resources > Legal updates > FCPA compliance alone is not sufficient
FCPA compliance alone is not sufficient
Author: Ron Reid
Recent research amongst UK businesses has shown them to be complacent about compliance with the UK Bribery Act.
It is unlikely that organisations based outside the UK, but who have businesses or subsidiaries based in the UK, are any better at Bribery Act compliance.
The root cause of this situation is a failure to fully understand how the UK legislation differs from the US Foreign and Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA).
Many companies have had in place for many years compliance programmes based on the FCPA. They have often failed to appreciate the very important differences between the two pieces of legislation.
Put simply, FCPA compliance alone will simply be insufficient.
For a detailed comparison of the differences between the UK and US legislation, see our previous article: A comparison between UK Bribery Act and the FCPA
The Serious Fraud Office (SFO), which is responsible in the UK for enforcement of the legislation, recently indicated its intention to pursue a more aggressive crime-fighting strategy.
Its incoming new director David Green has indicated that unlike his predecessor, he will be less willing to do deals with companies that discover and self-report breaches of the legislation, which had previously led to civil settlements rather than criminal prosecutions.
With the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) having criticised the UK for the secrecy surrounding such SFO agreements - stating that 'justice must be seen to be done' - the pressure is on to bring prosecutions.
As the Act is enforceable against any non-UK domiciled commercial organisations which do business in the UK, they would be well advised to review their policies to ensure they do not become the target of this more aggressive enforcement strategy.
Hayley Saunders


text:
Advancements, News, Prospects
Tanner Andrew makes NCAA Division 1 commitment
by ksaurette
Courtesy of Virden Oil Capitals:
The Virden Oil Capitals organization are proud to announce Tanner Andrew (2000) a local Virden product, has committed to RIT for the 2020/21 hockey season. The 19-year old and 2nd year Oil Capital sits 6th in the MJHL in scoring with 25 goals and 29 assists for 54 points in only 47 games. Andrew has been exceptional in his time with the Oil Capitals but especially this year, where his game has flourished.
Tyson Ramsey, GM and Head Coach added, "Tanner has really improved his game this year, all around. The offensive side of his game has flourished this year, his speed and skill are elite and obviously he has the ability to contribute offensively. But also, he has continued to build the defensive side of his game in all three zones enabling him to have really improved his all around game. Tanner has been an excellent citizen off the ice volunteering and helping out in the community. The team and organization is extremely proud of Tanner and look forward to seeing him blossom at RIT over the next 4 seasons. We wish Tanner all the best moving forward after this season."
Tanner was really happy to have made the commitment and solidify his plan moving forward after the season, "I'm extremely excited to commit to RIT. I think it will be the best school for me to develop as a hockey player and a person. It will allow me to get an awesome degree in business."
RIT Information: Rochester Institute of Technology, in Rochester New York, is a diverse and collaborative school providing a diverse opportunity for its graduates. Nearly 19,000 students attend RIT. The RIT Tigers have been a long established Division 1 NCAA Hockey Team that competes in the Atlantic Hockey Conference. The Tigers competed in the "Frozen Four" in 2010.
Congratulations to @OilCapsHockey FWD Tanner Andrew (2000) who has committed to play @NCAAIceHockey DI Hockey with @RITMHKY #PlayHereGoAnywhere pic.twitter.com/WJz3Hw9mHi
— #MJHLHockey (@mjhlhockey) January 30, 2020
Stampeders alumni Langan gets call up to AHL
Monthly Player Awards | 2019-20 JAN


text:
INSIGHT: ASF Brings Asia-Pacific Swill Feeding Practices Under Scrutiny
07 February 2019- As African Swine Fever continues to preoccupy the world's pig producers, the threat posed by swill feeding has increasingly come into focus.
Table scraps have traditionally made up part of pigs' diets in many parts of the world, and in areas where informal backyard production continues at a significant level, it poses a transmission risk for disease.
According to information cited by the FAO, 62% of the first 21 ASF events in China were related to swill feeding, which has caused the country to ban the practice nationwide. "Swill feeding practices are considered one of the major risks for the introduction and spread of the virus," claims the OIE's regional representation body for Asia and the Pacific.
The virus's history of spreading in this way makes the circulation of contaminated meat products a serious biosecurity threat, even if ASF does not sicken humans. Meat testing positive for the virus has been intercepted on its way into Australia, South Korea, Thailand, Japan, and Taiwan, in many cases brought by individual travellers and identified at airports in the form of processed meats such as sausages.
Major pig producers across Asia-Pacific have different policies concerning swill feeding. Australia, for example, bans the practice of feeding food waste that has come into contact with meat products. Contrarily, other Pacific Rim countries have encouraged or institutionalized swill feeding, establishing formal channels through which catering and retail waste should pass; in many, but not all jurisdictions, food wastes must be re-cooked to kill viruses before being fed to animals. Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and possibly Thailand are among the countries using food waste for feed on industrial scales.
Across the Pacific, American policy on the issue of what they call "garbage feeding" is handled at state level, with over half allowing the feeding of heat-treated food waste to pigs, although not every state in which the practice is legal has a licensed garbage feeder; meanwhile, as of 2016, nearly all states allowed individual (non-commercial) hog owners to feed their own animals on household food scraps.
The spread of ASF to such a key country in the agricultural supply chain has caused some scrutiny of this practice. In Taiwan, the important swine-producing county of Yunlin banned swill feeding in December.
However, given that space is at a premium on the small, densely-populated island, the central Taiwanese government has proven loathe to ban a practice which is used to divert a significant portion of the food waste generated on the island away from landfills, although it is understood that authorities are encouraging a move away from the practice and towards commercial feed, and have also recently enacted rules requiring anyone who wants to use food waste as feed to boil the waste first.
Similarly, South Korea is reported to be stepping up inspections to ensure untreated food waste is not fed to pigs.
Even countries where the practice of feeding food waste is not as formalized are looking for ways to curb the risks it poses. In the Philippines, for example, the government has banned the use of food waste specifically from international ports from being used as swill feed for pigs since the end of August 2018, as well as banning imported pork from any country where ASF has been identified. At a local level, the Davao Backyard Swine Raisers Association is launching an information campaign about the dangers of the disease, even going so far as to construct a feed mill for small producers to provide alternatives to swill feed. Such initiatives are especially important given the extent of informal pig production in the country; Philippine press source BusinessWorld claims around 64% of the country's swine is from backyard producers.
It seems likely, therefore, that food waste from both informal and institutional channels will continue to find its way into the rations of swine in the Asia-Pacific region, in spite of its dangers. This makes other risk control techniques even more important. For one thing, it underlines the importance of controlling the circulation of pigs and pork products in areas where the virus is known to have established itself. This is something that China has attempted in September, shutting down transport of live pigs across the borders of provinces affected with the disease. However, the side effect of this has been to create supply/demand imbalances and severely disrupt supply chains, as much of the country's swine production takes place in the hinterlands while slaughter—and indeed consumption—takes place closer to populated areas, and it is understood that the interregional transport prohibitions began to relax slightly over a month ago in preparation for the Chinese festive season.
By Simon Duke|2019-02-27T09:31:49+00:00February 27th, 2019|


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The existing driveway in Croughwell Co.Galway was a mixture of semi-compacted gravel with pot holes and some established weed growth. We cleaned and graded the driveway and parking area removing all moss and weeds. We put a base of 804 stone and levelling and compacting the whole area with our 22 ton roller and vibration. Once the area was level and compacted we laid 2 1/2 inches (65mm) of tarmacadam and re-compacted it with the roller. The customer was delighted with the finish and neatness of the completed driveway.
C.G.M leave another client satisfied in Knocknagree, Co. Kerry. We undertook to clean and re-seal the tarmac driveway from the front of the house adjacent to roadway to the entire area going around the house. The tarmac was in ok condition but it had lost a lot of its true colour and was starting to ravel in places. We have now brought it back to its original glory and the client was very satisfied with the end result.
This tennis court in Mayfield, Co.Cork, was well over grown with weeds and moss and general detritus from a few years of neglect.
On examining the surface we determined that apart from one slight hollow, a couple of small holes and a few cracks the surface was reasonably sound.
The existing paving was looking tired with loose blocks and hollows where the cars had been parked.
First we removed the old blocks and levelled up the driveway with new gravel and compacted the whole are. Next we added a layer of grit, then we re-compacted to provide a firm and smooth surface. We then applied a layer of screed before laying the new pavers. Once the paving is laid we brush the entire area with fine sand, this tightens up the paving and helps to prevent any weed growth.
C.G.M leave another client satisfied in Co.Kerry. We undertook to clean and re-seal the tarmac driveway from the front of the house adjacent to roadway to the entire area going around the house. The tarmac was in ok condition but it had lost a lot of its true colour and was starting to ravel in places. We have now brought it back to its original glory and the client was very satisfied with the end result.
Here we have a nicely restored tarmac driveway sealing job in Cork. The driveway, which had really faded and weathered poorly needed a lot of help to bring it back to its original quality and colour.
We believe that we have managed that quite successfully giving it a new lease of life. The client in Cork was very happy with the end result. What do you think? Looking for a good tarmac contractor in Cork?


text:
Adam Saryusz Zakrzewski herbu Wyssogota – podczaszy wschowski, sędzia ziemski kaliski.

Członek konfederacji 1773 roku. Na Sejmie Rozbiorowym 1773-1775 jako poseł z województwa poznańskiego wszedł w skład delegacji wyłonionej pod naciskiem dyplomatów trzech państw rozbiorczych, mającej przeprowadzić rozbiór. 18 września 1773 roku podpisał traktaty cesji przez Rzeczpospolitą Obojga Narodów ziem zagarniętych przez Rosję, Prusy i Austrię w I rozbiorze Polski.

Bibliografia

 Volumina Legum t. VIII, Petersburg 1860, s. 13-38.
 Złota księga szlachty polskiej, r. I, Poznań 1879, s. 355.

Przypisy

Członkowie delegacji Sejmu Rozbiorowego (1773–1775)
Członkowie konfederacji Adama Ponińskiego 1773
Podczaszowie wschowscy
Posłowie na Sejm I Rzeczypospolitej (województwo poznańskie)
Posłowie na Sejm Rozbiorowy (1773–1775)
Sędziowie ziemscy kaliscy
Sygnatariusze traktatu polsko-austriackiego I rozbioru Polski
Sygnatariusze traktatu polsko-pruskiego I rozbioru Polski
Sygnatariusze traktatu polsko-rosyjskiego I rozbioru Polski
Urzędnicy ziemscy I Rzeczypospolitej
Adam