text:
CDC Director: Threat Of Suicide, Drugs, Flu To Youth 'Far Greater' Than Covid
Makes sense, since we are now finding out that the biggest hospitalization/mortality surge is being caused by suicide attempts and drug overdoses. In a society without supernatural faith, despair comes at you really, really fast.
During a Buck Institute Webinar streamed on July 14, Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Director Robert Redfield promoted the general reopening of schools, highlighting the low coronavirus risk for children without preexisting conditions and the unfortunate spike in suicides and drug overdoses, which Redfield said are "far greater" in number than COVID-linked deaths in the young. HERE
"It's not risk of school openings versus public health. It's public health versus public health," asserted Redfield.
"I'm of the point of view, and I weigh that equation as an individual that has 11 grandchildren that the greater risk is actually to the nation to keep these schools closed," he continued.
Redfield said that over 7 million children get mental health services from their school, "a lot of people get food and nutrition in schools," and added that schools are vital "in terms of mandatory reporting sexual and child abuse."
"Obviously, the socialization is important," he said.
Obvious, yes. So obvious that this problem was already laid out in early May, and in fact much early than that, in terms of the broader dynamic across the broader population:
Anxiety From Reactions to Covid-19 Will Destroy At Least Seven Times More Years of Life Than Can Be Saved by Lockdowns
By Andrew Glen, Ph.D. and James D. Agresti
Medical studies show that excessive stress and anxiety are among the most debilitating and deadly of all health hazards in the world. Beyond their obvious effects like suicide and substance abuse—these mental stressors are strongly related to and may trigger and inflame a host of ailments like high blood pressure, digestive disorders, heart conditions, infectious diseases, cancer, and pregnancy complications.
Based on a broad array of scientific data, Just Facts has computed that the anxiety created by reactions to Covid-19—such as stay-at-home orders, business shutdowns, media exaggerations, and legitimate concerns about the virus—will destroy at least seven times more years of human life than can possibly be saved by lockdowns to control the spread of the disease. This figure is a bare minimum, and the actual one is likely more than 90 times greater.
This study was reviewed by Joseph P. Damore, Jr., M.D., who concluded: "This research is engaging and thoroughly answers the question about the cure being worse than the disease." Dr. Damore is a certified diplomate with the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, an assistant professor of psychiatry at the Weill Medical College of Cornell University, an assistant attending psychiatrist at New York Presbyterian Hospital, and an adjunct professor in the Department of Behavioral Sciences and Leadership at the U.S. Military Academy.
Stress and Anxiety Levels
Scientific surveys of U.S. residents have found that the mental health of about one-third to one-half of all adults has been substantially compromised by reactions to the Covid-19 pandemic. Examples include the following:
An American Psychiatric Association survey in mid-March found that 36% of adults report that anxiety over Covid-19 "is having a serious impact on their mental health."
A Kaiser Family Foundation survey in late March found that 45% of adults "feel that worry and stress related to" Covid-19 "has had a negative impact on their mental health, an increase from 32% from early March." Additionally, 19% of adults said it is having a "major impact" on their mental health.
A Benenson Strategy Group survey in late March revealed that the Covid-19 "situation has already affected" the "mental health" of 55% of U.S. adults "either a great deal or somewhat."
A Kaiser Family Foundation survey in late April found that 56% of adults "report that worry and stress related to" Covid-19 "is affecting their mental health and wellbeing in various ways," such as "trouble sleeping, "poor appetite or over-eating," "frequent headaches or stomachaches," "difficulty controlling their temper," "increasing their alcohol or drug use," and "worsening chronic conditions like diabetes or high blood pressure."
Contributors to these mental health impacts include but are not limited to:
empirically grounded concerns about the virus.
anguish over the death of loved ones, although this is limited to a relatively small fraction of the public because the virus has killed one out of every 5,000 Americans, while one out of every 116 Americans die every year.
media outlets that overstate the deadliness of Covid-19 by:
using false denominators that exaggerate its death rate.
misreporting about the capacity of the virus to mutate and cause a large, ongoing death toll.
government stay-at-home orders and self-imposed isolation, as evidenced by:
a survey commissioned by the University of Phoenix in late March that found 44% of U.S. adults are more lonely than they have ever been in their lives, which is a risk factor for suicide and many other psychologically driven fatal afflictions.
the late-March Kaiser Family Foundation survey, which "found that 47% of those sheltering in place reported negative mental health effects resulting from worry or stress," a rate that "is significantly higher than the 37% among people who were not sheltering in place."
the late-March Benenson Strategy Group survey, which found that "71% of Americans say they are concerned that 'social distancing' measures will have a negative impact on the country's mental health—including 28% who are extremely or very concerned about this."
government-mandated shutdowns of businesses in nearly every state that have cost millions of jobs and are reflected in the:
late-April Kaiser Family Foundation survey, which found that 35% of adults and 55% of workers "have lost their jobs or had a reduction in hours or pay as a result of" responses to Covid-19.
mid-March American Psychiatric Association survey, which found that 57% of adults are concerned that responses to the pandemic "will have a serious negative impact on their finances," and 68% fear it "will have a long-lasting impact on the economy."
Among all of the figures above, the lowest nationwide measure of people who have incurred psychological harm from reactions to Covid-19 is the 19% of adults in the late-March Kaiser Family Foundation survey who reported a "major impact" on their mental health. This survey included 1,226 respondents and has a margin of sampling error for this result of ± 2.2 percentage points with 95% confidence.
Therefore, at least 16.8% of 255,200,373 adults in the United States—or 42,873,663 people—have suffered major mental harm from responses to Covid-19. This figure forms the first key basis of this study.
The Deadliness of Anxiety and Stress
Medical journals are rich with studies that attempt to measure the lethality of stress, anxiety, depression, and other psychological conditions. Determining this is very difficult because association does not prove causation, and unmeasured factors could be at play.
For example, a 2011 meta-analysis in the journal Social Science & Medicine about mortality, "psychosocial stress," and job losses finds that "unemployment is associated with a substantially increased risk of death among broad segments of the population," but there are conflicting theories as to why this is so. One is that "unemployment causes adverse changes in health behaviors, which in turn lead to deterioration of health." Put simply, unemployment causes bad health. The other theory is that bad health causes unemployment. Both of these theories may be true, and factors that are not measured in the studies could be causing both unemployment and bad health. Thus, it is very difficult to isolate these variables and determine which is causing the others and to what degree.
While trying to address such uncertainty, the meta-analysis examined "235 mortality risk estimates from 42 studies" and found that "unemployment is associated with a 63% higher risk of mortality in studies controlling for covariates."
Regardless of whether job losses from Covid-19 lockdowns are brief or sustained, the study found that the death correlation "is significant in both the short and long term," lending "some support to the hypothesis and previous findings that both the stress and the negative lifestyle effects associated with the onset of unemployment tend to persist even after a person has regained a job."
Also of relevance to current job losses, the study indicates that added unemployment benefits, like those recently passed into federal law, are unlikely to mitigate the deadliness of job losses. This is because the meta-analysis found that the associations between unemployment and death in Scandinavia and the U.S. are not significantly different, even though the Scandinavian nations offer more generous welfare benefits. Thus, the authors conclude that "these national-level policy differences may not have much of an effect on the rate of mortality following unemployment."
A broad range of other studies have similar implications for anxiety-related deaths wrought by reactions to Covid-19:
A 1991 study published by the New England Journal of Medicine found that "psychological stress was associated in a dose-response manner with an increased risk of acute infectious respiratory illness." A dose-response relationship, as explained by epidemiologist Sydney Pettygrove, "is one in which increasing levels of exposure are associated with either an increasing or a decreasing risk of the outcome." She notes that when this pattern occurs, it "is considered strong evidence for a causal relationship between the exposure and the outcome."
A 2004 paper in The Lancet documents that "stress and depression result in an impairment of the immune response and might promote the initiation and progression of some types of cancer…." The paper details many human and animal studies germane to the Covid-19 lockdowns, such as those dealing with a "lack of social interactions" that cause certain cancers to metastasize.
A 2005 paper in the Journal of Experimental Medicine finds that "psychological conditions, including stress" trigger a "sophisticated molecular mechanism" that increases "the likelihood of infections, autoimmunity, or cancer."
A 2012 meta-analysis in the British Medical Journal finds "a dose-response association between psychological distress and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and external causes across the full range of distress, even in people who would not usually come to the attention of mental health services." Furthermore, "these associations remained after adjustment for age, sex, current occupational social class, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and diabetes." People with the lowest levels of psychological distress in this study had a 20% greater risk of death, and those with the highest levels had a 94% greater risk.
A 2012 paper in the Journal of the American Medical Association Psychiatry analyzes the death rates of more than a million young males in Sweden who underwent a government-mandated military draft physical that "included a structured interview by a psychologist" during 1969 to 1994. This study is particularly relevant to the effects of the current Covid-19 anxiety because it involves nearly all the healthy young men of a nation and excludes those with "severe" mental or physical disorders because they were excused from the exam. The study finds:
Young men who were diagnosed with neurotic and adjustment disorders were 76% more likely to die in the average follow-up period of 22.6 years. A neurotic disorder is a problem dealing with anxiety, and an adjustment disorder—which is now called "stress response syndrome"—is "a short-term condition that occurs when a person has great difficulty coping with, or adjusting to, a particular source of stress, such as a major life change, loss, or event." These are apt descriptions of the tens of millions of Americans who report that reactions to Covid-19 are seriously harming their mental health.
Premature deaths associated with mental illness "are not primarily due to suicide or accidents, although risk of both is increased, but to a range of natural causes, particularly cardiovascular disease." This suggests that the most pervasive harm from lockdowns does not manifest in obvious ways like suicides and overdoses.
A 2015 paper in the American Journal of Epidemiology examines the death rates of all "Danes who received a diagnosis of reaction to severe stress or adjustment disorders" between 1995 and 2011. The study found that they "had mortality rates during the study period that were 2.2 times higher than" those of the general population.
A 2015 meta-analysis in the Journal of the American Medical Association Psychiatry provides a systematic review of 148 studies of death and mental disorders with follow-up times ranging from one to 52 years, with a median of 10 years. It finds that the overall risk of death among people with mental disorders is 2.2 times that of the general population. Breaking these results out by condition, the mortality increases were:
43% for people with anxiety.
71% for people with depression
110% for people with mood disorders.
150% for people with psychoses.
Among all of the results above, the smallest risk of increased death is 20% in the 2012 meta-analysis. This has a margin of error from 13% to 27% with 95% confidence. The lower limit of 13% translates to an average of about 1.3 years of lost life per person.
Corroborating that figure, 22 of the studies in the 2015 meta-analysis included estimates for the average years of life lost by each person with a mental disorder. These "ranged from 1.4 to 32 years, with a median of 10.1 years." None of these studies were for anxiety, but the low-end figure of 1.4 years provides additional evidence that those who suffer serious mental repercussions from responses to Covid-19 will lose an average of more than a year of life.
Therefore, the figure of 1.3 years of lost life is a bare minimum and forms the second key basis of this study. This varies widely by person and could be:
50 years or more for young people who commit suicide.
one month or less for elderly persons who have cardiac events triggered by fear or loneliness.
two years for the middle-aged people whose blood pressure begins spiking earlier in life than it would have in the absence of Covid-19-related stress.
Philly officially murders restaurants for the entire summer… Wait until you see the data
Up to 650K people die from the boring seasonal flu every year, but now we want face shields
3 thoughts on "CDC Director: Threat Of Suicide, Drugs, Flu To Youth 'Far Greater' Than Covid"
P. O'Brien says:
And I just saw a brief replay of a baseball game, and two Colorado Rockies players were wearing masks while running the bases. Stupid is as stupid does.
Michael Dowd says:
Our Lady of Fatima's prophecies are coming to pass before our eyes. The Virus is a Communist plot to destroy America. It is working amazing well with the help of Communist oriented Democrats. I expect the U.S. to rapidly decline and Communist world domination the next phase in history. The only fix will be the Great Chastisement.
Johnno says:
People's anxieties are about to go up tenfold…
https://www.marketwatch.com/story/dr-fauci-recommends-wearing-goggles-to-prevent-catching-the-coronavirus-2020-07-29


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text:
FAA Announces New Pilot Duty Rule; Exception of Cargo Carriers
December 26, 2011 by Jackie Vincent
On December 21 in Washington, D.C., the FAA announced a new, more stringent rule on pilot flight duty and rest requirements for passenger carriers operating under Part 121. When Colgan Air Flight 3407 crashed near Buffalo nearly three years ago, attention was cast upon the working conditions of regional airline pilots. This led to the stricter rule which requires pilots to have a minimum of 10 hours of rest before each flight duty period, which is an increase of two hours over previous rules. Additionally, the final rule limits the number of hours a pilot can fly weekly and monthly. Lastly, it extends the length of consecutive hours off in a seven-day period from 24 to 30. Before each and every mission, the pilot needs to sign off on a form saying that they are stable and capable of safely flying the aircraft. If the pilot is ever too fatigued to fly, it is their responsibility to let the carrier know.
The only exception to this new regulation is all-cargo carriers. The reason which was given stated that "their compliance costs significantly exceed the quantified societal benefits." FAA officials have disclosed that the projected cost for cargo operations is $306 million (with one fatal all-cargo accident costing anywhere between $20 and $32 million). This exception has caused an uproar from flight safety organizations who have challenged the FAA with a petition to review this rule in the U.S. Court of Appeals.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Bashrc, shell script and crontab I'm trying to use the functions defined in /home/my_username/.bashrc in a shell script that gets executed by crontab.
#crontab -l

# m h  dom mon dow   command
  * *  * * * /bin/sh /home/my_username/CronTab_shell_script.sh >> /home/my_username/Desktop/file.log

Let's say I have the mounted() function saved in
/home/my_username/.bashrc

function mounted(){

    if mount|grep $1; then
    echo "mounted"
    else
    echo "not mounted"
    fi

 }

How can I call and use the mounted() function from the
/home/my_username/CronTab_shell_script.sh

A: 1. Run the correct shell
* *  * * * /bin/sh .....

You are not running bash, you are running sh, so you should not expect .bashrc to be loaded!
Try this instead:
* *  * * * /bin/bash .....

2. Work around Ubuntu's default .bashrc
Another problem might be that Ubuntu's default .bashrc script starts with this guard:
# If not running interactively, don't do anything
case $- in
    *i*) ;;
      *) return;;
esac

Any lines you add below this will not be loaded by your cron script because cronjobs do not run in an interactive environment.
The solution: Put functions for scripts above this guard.  Keep setup for the user below this guard.
3. Load the complete user login environment
On some systems I find its easiest to use --login to ensure the shell has the same things loaded that I have at the command line.
* *  * * * bash --login /path/to/script.sh

* *  * * * bash --login -c "your command here"

A: Cron runs with a limited shell and won't have access to your regular environment.
You could put source /home/my_username/.bashrc at the beginning of /home/my_username/CronTab_shell_script.sh to make the function available.
You could also source your .bashrc in your crontab:
#crontab -l

# m h  dom mon dow   command
  * *  * * * . /home/my_username/.bashrc; /bin/sh /home/my_username/CronTab_shell_script.sh >> home/my_username/Desktop/file.log

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Nigerian Stamps and Postal History
A blog about the stamps and postal history of Nigeria as we know it today and all its component colonies, protectorates and territories prior to 1914. My mission is to create awareness of the amazing possibilities that are open to collectors of Nigerian stamps. The entire collection shown in this blog will be sold at public auction at a date to be announced - sometime in 2019 or 2020.
The Printings Of The 2.5d Ultramarine Queen Victoria Keyplate Stamp of Lagos 1891-1904 Part Four
Today, I carry on with the 2.5d ultramarine with the seventeenth printing, which should have been made sometime around July or August of 1894.
Seventeenth Printing
The head plate of this printing is an almost exact match to Gibbons's bright blue, while the duty plate colour is royal blue.
I have two mint type A's and two type B's, one of which is used, and has been cancelled with what appears to be an 8-bar oval obliterator.
Eighteenth Printing
On this printing the head plate and the duty plate are closest to what Gibbons's cobalt blue would be if it were deeper. A similar shade is found on the very late printings made after 1899, but the degree of plate wear showing on this example is too advanced for it to have been from the new plates that appear to have been used to print the last printings. I have only the one mint example shown in the scan above.
Nineteenth Printing
The head plate of this printing is closest to a very pale version of the dull ultramarine, while t…
The Printings Of The 2.5d Ultramarine Queen Victoria Keyplate Stamp of Lagos 1891-1904 Part Three
Today's post resumes where I left off with the tenth printing of the 2.5d ultramarine Queen Victoria keyplate issue, through the sixteenth printing.
A few more possibly constant plate flaws make their appearance on the printings detailed in this post:
A white dot inside the "Y" of "Penny". The letters "PE" of "Penny" deformed by having a slub on top of the "P" and a small divot taken out of the top of the "E". This would appear to be constant, as I have seen the same variety on several of the 2.5d stamps. "2" with an elongated top, and weak left outer frameline. Normally the top of the "2" ends well above the the bottom of the "1" of "1/2". But on this variety, the top of the 2 is almost level with the bottom of the "1".
Tenth Printing
On this printing, the head plate and the duty plate are both the same colour, and it is closest to dull ultramarine, being an almost perfec…
The Printings Of The 2.5d Ultramarine Queen Victoria Keyplate Stamp of Lagos 1891-1904 Part Two
Today's post picks up where I left off last week. I had sorted all of my 2.5d stamps into 71 groups, which was way, way more than the number of printings that were likely made. Given that the stamps were sent to the colony on a quarterly basis and the first printing was issued in April 1891, with the last printing being in August, 1901, there should be approximately 41 printings, as long as each sending included a batch of 2.5d stamps. Because the 2.5d was used to pay the new UPU foreign letter rate per half ounce, it is quite likely that there would have been a separate printing each quarter, to make up the total number of 428,040. This would suggest an average printing of 10,701 stamps each. However, the distribution of examples in the sample that I have sorted, makes it clear that the printings were not done evenly, and that some of the printings are very scarce to rare. Gibbons prices of course are for the most common printings, except for the scarce blue shade, which is from…
The Printings Of The 2.5d Ultramarine Queen Victoria Keyplate Stamp of Lagos 1891-1904 Part One
Today's post deals with what in my opinion is one of the most remarkable stamps from the 1887-1903 Crown CA Lagos issue: the 2.5d ultramarine. The introduction of a single UPU rate for mail to all foreign destinations other than the UK, of 2.5d per half ounce, created a need for this value, and it was first dispatched to the Colony on April 15, 1891. It is the only stamp from the series, for which there were no remainders whatsoever. In all, 428,040 stamps were printed, so there will have been a very large number of printings - likely well over 40. Given that stamps were supplied on a quarterly basis, and there would have been three quarters left in 1891, there could be up to 43 printings. I have identified more than this number in my sort of 183 mint and used examples, so it is likely that some of the varieties I have found are merely sub-types of some of the printings.
The stamp follows the usual progression of plate wear, though on this value it seems that it never get…
The Printings of the 3d Lilac and Orange Brown Queen Victoria Keyplate Stamp From Lagos 1890-1901
Today's post continues my examination of the 1997-1903 issue of Lagos with the 3d lilac and orange brown, which was first dispatched to the colony on December 19, 1890. There were 143,820 stamps sent between that date and August 19, 1901, of which 85,800 remainders were sent back and destroyed. Like the other values that I have examined so far, I believe that there were probably lots of small printings of between 3,500 and 5,000 stamps, which would mean more than 20 printings. We'll see how many are revealed in this post. However, it must be borne in mind that I may not have an example of every printing that there was, and that there may have been more than just what I have here.
I have 121 mint and used stamps of this value, which I initially sorted into the same five groups that I had identified in the posts dealing with the 5d, 7.5d, and 10d stamps. Interestingly, I did not find any stamps that possessed the characteristics of plate 2, which suggests that all printings wer…
Brixton-Chrome Inc.
Canada's Stamp Dealer
I have been passionate about stamps and postal history since I was 6 years old. I am a Chartered Accountant in good standing with the Ontario Institute. I was until July 2015 a partner of a mid-sized Toronto firm. I left in July 2015 to pursue my passion of full time stamp dealing.
The Printings Of The 2.5d Ultramarine Queen Victor...
The Printings of the 3d Lilac and Orange Brown Que...
Just A Bit Longer - This Week's Post Delayed Until...
This Week's Post Delayed Until Thursday
1882-1884 Lagos Crown CA Issue
1887-1903 Lagos Crown CA
1893 Lagos Halfpenny Surcharge
1894 First Waterlow Unwatermarked Issue
1894-1897 Second Waterlow Issue of Niger Coast Protectorate
1904 Crown CA King Edward VII Issue of Lagos
1904-1905 Multiple Crown CA King Edward VII Issue of Lagos
broken S
Damaged PE of "Pence"
flat bottomed S
Jubilee Lines
Lagos - 1887-1903 Crown CA Issue
Lagos constant plate flaws
Mint multiples
narrow topped S
Niger Coast GB. Overprints 1892-1894
Niger Company Territories
Philatelic Glossary A to C
Philatelic Glossary D to F
Philatelic Glossary G to Z
Registered Cover


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text:
Q: Performance of UITableView reloadData, reloadSections:withRowAnimation: and reloadRowsAtIndexPaths:withRowAnimation: I build a test purpose app to test the performance of these three methods on reloading the table view.

//
//  ViewController.m
//  TableViewSample
//
//  Created by Antonio081014 on 8/2/15.
//  Copyright (c) 2015 Antonio081014.com. All rights reserved.
//

#import "ViewController.h"

@interface ViewController () <UITableViewDataSource, UITableViewDelegate>
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSArray *listOfCards;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSIndexPath *selectedIndexPath;
@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

    NSMutableArray *list = [NSMutableArray array];
    for (int i=0; i<15; i++) {
        NSString *carName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Car%d", arc4random() % 15];
        [list addObject:carName];
    }
    self.listOfCards = list;
    self.tableView.delegate = self;
    self.tableView.dataSource = self;
    self.selectedIndexPath = nil;

    UIBarButtonItem *table = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"Table" style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:self action:@selector(reloadTable:)];
    UIBarButtonItem *section = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"Section" style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:self action:@selector(reloadSection:)];
    UIBarButtonItem *indexPath = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"IndexPath" style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:self action:@selector(reloadRow:)];

    self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItems = @[table, section, indexPath];
//    self.navigationController.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItems = @[table, section, indexPath];
}

- (void)reloadTable:(UIBarButtonItem *)barItem
{
    [self.tableView reloadData];
}

- (void)reloadRow:(UIBarButtonItem *)barItem
{
    [self reloadRowAtIndexPath:self.selectedIndexPath forBarButtonItem:barItem];
}

- (void)reloadSection:(UIBarButtonItem *)barItem
{
    [self reloadSectionAt:0 forBarButtonItem:barItem];
}

- (void)reloadRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath forBarButtonItem:(UIBarButtonItem *)barItem
{
    if (indexPath) {
        [self.tableView reloadRowsAtIndexPaths:@[indexPath] withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationAutomatic];
    }
}

- (void)reloadSectionAt:(NSUInteger)section forBarButtonItem:(UIBarButtonItem *)barItem
{
    [self.tableView reloadSections:[[NSIndexSet alloc] initWithIndex:section] withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationAutomatic];
}

- (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView
{
    NSLog(@"Asking Number of Sections in TableView");
    return 1;
}

- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section
{
    NSLog(@"Asking Number of Rows in Section");
    return self.listOfCards.count;
}

- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
    UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:@"Cell" forIndexPath:indexPath];

    NSString *carName = self.listOfCards[indexPath.row];
    cell.textLabel.text = carName;

    return cell;
}

- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
    self.selectedIndexPath = indexPath;
    NSLog(@"Did Select Cell %@", indexPath);
}

- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didDeselectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
    self.selectedIndexPath = nil;
    NSLog(@"Did Deselect Cell %@", indexPath);
}

- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView willDisplayCell:(UITableViewCell *)cell forRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
    NSLog(@"Will Display Cell %@", indexPath);
}

- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didEndDisplayingCell:(UITableViewCell *)cell forRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
    NSLog(@"Did End Display Cell %@", indexPath);
}

- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didHighlightRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
    NSLog(@"Did Highlight Cell %@", indexPath);
}

@end

Log when three methods called.

ReloadData
2015-08-03 11:00:51.556 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 11}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.558 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 10}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.559 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 9}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.560 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 8}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.560 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 7}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.560 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 6}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.561 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 5}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.561 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 4}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.562 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 3}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.563 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 2}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.563 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 1}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.564 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 0}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.564 TableViewSample[324:90811] Asking Number of Sections in TableView
2015-08-03 11:00:51.565 TableViewSample[324:90811] Asking Number of Rows in Section
2015-08-03 11:00:51.566 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 0}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.567 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 1}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.567 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 2}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.568 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 3}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.569 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 4}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.569 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 5}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.570 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 6}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.571 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 7}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.572 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 8}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.573 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 9}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.573 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 10}
2015-08-03 11:00:51.574 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 11}

ReloadSection
2015-08-03 11:02:21.641 TableViewSample[324:90811] Asking Number of Sections in TableView
2015-08-03 11:02:21.642 TableViewSample[324:90811] Asking Number of Sections in TableView
2015-08-03 11:02:21.643 TableViewSample[324:90811] Asking Number of Rows in Section
2015-08-03 11:02:21.647 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 0}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.649 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 1}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.651 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 2}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.653 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 3}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.655 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 4}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.657 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 5}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.659 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 6}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.662 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 7}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.664 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 8}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.666 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 9}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.669 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 10}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.671 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 11}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.990 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 0}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.991 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 1}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.992 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 2}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.992 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 3}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.993 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 4}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.994 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 5}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.994 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 6}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.995 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 7}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.995 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 8}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.996 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 9}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.997 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 10}
2015-08-03 11:02:21.997 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 11}

ReloadRow
2015-08-03 11:03:00.012 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did Highlight Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 3}
2015-08-03 11:03:00.015 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did Select Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 3}
2015-08-03 11:03:00.907 TableViewSample[324:90811] Asking Number of Sections in TableView
2015-08-03 11:03:00.908 TableViewSample[324:90811] Asking Number of Sections in TableView
2015-08-03 11:03:00.909 TableViewSample[324:90811] Asking Number of Rows in Section
2015-08-03 11:03:00.910 TableViewSample[324:90811] Will Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 3}
2015-08-03 11:03:01.217 TableViewSample[324:90811] Did End Display Cell  {length = 2, path = 0 - 3}

So, from the log:
[UITableView reloadData] consumes 16ms.
[UITableView reloadSections:withRowAnimation:] consumes 323ms.
[UITableView reloadRowsAtIndexPaths:withRowAnimation:] consumes 302ms.
Question:

*

*Why [UITableView reloadData] is more efficient than reloadingSections even there is only one section?

*Why reloadingRowsAtIndexPaths takes that much of time, what actually takes the time?

*What kind of tools could help me verify or debug similar problems? and helper link reference if any?

*Thanks.

A: here, apple said:

Reloading a row causes the table view to ask its data source for a new cell for that row. The table animates that new cell in as it animates the old row out.

it seems that, when you call reloadrowsatindexpaths, a new cell will be initialized for the animation, while reloadData as we already knew, will reuse the cell before.
I think it can explain the question.


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text:
Marc Douglas Berardo on Bandcamp
Booking, Management
Marc Douglas Berardo
Bob Sima and Marc Douglas Berardo Live at Rams Head Onstage 2013
Marc Douglas Berardo/ Bob Sima
A live snapshot of the Bob Sima/ Marc Douglas Berardo show at The Legendary Rams Head Onstage in Annapolis, MD in January 2013. This was the show that was voted "Show of The Year" in the annual Rammie Awards beating out such greats as Blood Sweat and Tears, Kris Kristofferson, Los Lobos and others. Featuring John Juxo on Keyboards and Accordian and David Glaser on Electric Guitars and Mandolin. No overdubs, no fixes, just live. Very limited edition. MDB tracks available for download here only. Hardcopy CD available in the store.
Everything Is Music 4:58
This Is What I Call Fun 3:40
This Is What I Call Fun
Be The Change 5:23
It's Love 4:22
As Above So Below 5:05
Havana 1:05
Shine 5:27
You Are Already Gone 4:18
The Looser The Grip 4:23
Take It Along 4:18


text:
Milwaukee to Rondout
C&M subdivision, Chicago to Milwaukee
The Milwaukee depot (MP 85.7), refurbished in 2007 as a multi-modal depot serving Greyhound as well as Amtrak, is to the north of the tracks, which pass through an overall roof, four tracks wide, two of which are platform tracks on the north side of the main line tracks. Just after leaving the Milwaukee station headed east, the 2MT, CTC, line passes a grade crossing and makes a sharp turn south, with speed limit 15-10, where it once crossed a TMERL line on the flat, crosses the river on the movable through truss bridge at Menominee Drawbridge, where the speed limit rises to 30-25, turns east and then south again, bridges over a north-south street, an east-west street, and a north-south street, with extra track on the west/south side, and passes Florida Street, where the freight bypass line trails in from the west and the speed limit rises to 40-25, and Washington Street (MP 84.2), where a line from Marsh Yard trails in from the north-northeast and another TMERL line once crossed at grade.
The line heads south, with extra track on the west side and the east side, bridges over a street, crosses a river at the through truss Burnham Drawbridge, passes KK Bridge (MP 83.4), where there are crossovers and a spur from the UP (ex-C&NW) line south trails in from the east and the speed limit rises to 70-60-50, turns south-southeast, passes a bridge over the double track UP (ex-C&NW) line west, a bridge over a divided street, and dual road bridges overhead, a turn south-southwest, a bridge over a divided road, Intermediate Signals at MP 81.x, a turn south, a grade crossing, a road bridge overhead, spurs off to the east, a bridge over drainage, a bridge over a divided road, two road bridges overhead, the Milwaukee Airport on the east side, the Milwaukee Airport station (platform and depot to the east), crossovers, a road bridge overhead, two extra tracks on the west side, a street alongside to the east, a bridge over a divided road, a 7,221 ft. siding on the east side of the line, and a 7,220 ft. siding on the west side of the line, at Lake (MP 77.9), where there are three industry tracks to the east, a spur on the west side, a bridge over a divided road, a grade crossing, MP 73, and a bridge over a divided road.
There are detectors at MP 72.7, a grade crossing, industry spurs to a grain plant on the west side at Oakwood (MP 72.0 and MP 71.7), four grade crossings, Intermediate Signals at Caledonia (MP 69.4), two grade crossings, a spur on the west side to an industrial plant, a grade crossing, Intermediate Signals at Franksville (just south of the grade crossing), MP 64, a bridge over a divided road, a passenger station at Sturtevant, with depot on the west side and platforms and parking lots on both sides, MP 62, crossovers at Sturtevant (MP 61.8), where there is an old depot on the west side, remnants of another Milwaukee Road line head east and west and the speed limit rises to 79-60-50, a grade crossing, extra track on the west side, two extra tracks on the west side, extra track on the west side, two grade crossings, detectors at MP 57.6, and a grade crossing.
There is an industry track on the west side at Somers (MP 57.1), a grade crossing, a road bridge overhead, Intermediate Signals, a road bridge overhead, a grade crossing, extra track on the east side, dual road bridges overhead, crossovers at Truesdell (MP 52.6), where there is an industry track on the east side, a grade crossing, several tracks on the east side, MP 51, a plant on the east side, Intermediate Signals, the location of a former flat crossing with an erstwhile C&NW line, a spur trailing in on the east side, a grade crossing, dual road bridges overhead, a spur trailing in on the east side, MP 50, a grade crossing, Intermediate Signals at Ranney, a grade crossing, a road on the west side, a grade crossing, the Wisconsin-Illinois line, a turn southwest, Intermediate Signals at Russell (MP 46.5), where there is an industry track on the east side, and a turn south again.
The line passes MP 46, a grade crossing, Intermediate Signals, MP 44, extra track on the east side, crossovers at Wadsworth (MP 42.9), where there is a 7,352 ft. siding on the east side and a 7,149 ft. siding on the west side, crossovers at Gurnee, a grade crossing, housing on the east side, a road on the east side, two bridges over divided roads, Intermediate Signals at Wilson, housing on both sides, a bridge over a divided road, detectors at MP 36.8, quadruple road bridges overhead, dual 1930s road bridges overhead, spurs on the east side, extra track on the west side, a dirt track or pedestrian crossing, extra track on the east side, a grade crossing, and the extra track on the west side ends.
At Rondout (MP 32.3), the Fox Lake line trails in from the northwest, there is a bridge over a stream, a grade crossing just north of the bridge, the North Shore once crossed overhead (and the bridge is still there), the EJ&E crosses at grade, connectors in the southeast and southwest quadrants, with the tower still standing on the east side, a signal bridge, and a 7,056 ft. siding on the east side and a 10,132 ft. siding on the west side, as the main line continues south to Chicago.


text:
WOMADelaide @ Botanic Park, Adelaide 12/3/2022
11 months ago hifiway
A warm Saturday afternoon on a glorious long weekend set the scene for the start of day two of WOMADelaide in Botanic Park. For many, Womadelaide is an immersive experience of sights, sounds, and sustainable living. While as much as it's about the music, it's also a festival of inspiring talks, wonderful food, and shopping for global goods. It is this holistic approach that fuelled our afternoon, starting off with a thought-provoking Planet Talks session with anthropologist and chimpanzee expert Jane Goodall. A packed house jammed in to hear Dame Goodall say that a glimmer of hope exists, despite a long tunnel of darkness for humanity ahead (think poverty, over-consumption, and climate change). After such a conversation-inducing talk, it was then time to check out the diverse and beautiful wares in the Global Village. Australian Landscape Jewellery is one such stall to visit, with jewellery is displayed inspired by the couple's travels and photography through Australia. Artwork by Delvene Cockatoo-Collins at another stall is another must-see, with purchases of her artwork able to be taken home in the form of note pads and bookmarks.
Our first visit to Stage 3 for the day was for Ausecuma Beats who wowed us with their nine-piece band. A sax, bass and guitar, added texture and groove to the West African sounds of various drums and percussion such as doun doun, djembe, balafon, and congas. Wearing traditional head-dress, leader Boubacar Gaye, expertly played the djembe while coaxing the audience to participate in crazy dance moves and repeat back Senegalese phrases while clapping along to the infectious beats. For some reason, this had many in the crowd dancing like they were doing squats in the gym, but it was clear many were having as much fun as the guys on stage. Truly an international group, members have ancestry from Guinea, Mail, Cuba, Senegal, and now all call Australia home.
After participating in a crowd circle celebrating these crazy dance moves, most of the audience, now hot and sweaty migrated to the Foundation Stage for SUB-TRIBE from Sydney and Aotearoa, NZ. This dance-inspiring dub-fusion performance by this six-piece group had tight drum and bass beats, hip hop themed tunes, and harmonious reggae-influenced dub. The audience was wowed by the lead singer's voice which was absolutely beautiful, lyrically distinct, and complemented his amazing rap as well. The brass trio of trombone, sax and trumpet were all in sync, working hard to getting in tune early on in the first song. Mesmerising graphics on the back screen complemented the beats. A favourite song was Who's that Knocking On My Front Door which had a spectacular two-part harmony in true dub fashion.
One of the hardest decisions when attending WOMADelaide is which stage to visit, especially when artists are only performing once. This decision had to be made when we had to decide between A.B. Original and Martinez Akustica who were performing simultaneously for their only WOMADelaide appearances. We decided to watch a portion of A.B. Original then move onto Martinez Akustica purely because we'd seen the members of A.B. Original perform in the past with their long-time collaborators the Hilltop Hoods. Clearly they had a big following with a fully functioning mosh pit with a lot of head banging and a very enthusiastic home audience.
Martinez Akustica are a guitar trio comprised of father and sons originally hailing from Chile. Their fusion of acoustic, electric, and bass guitars produces toe-tapping and technically-brilliant music. Guitar combat or duelling guitars are the descriptions that come to mind for this performance. The three acoustic guitar pieces were a highlight and when the father spoke about his family and his five children, it was clear that love energised their performance. Beautiful arrangements by the dad of Chilean songs complemented entertaining theatrics on stage.
The highlight of the day came at 7.30pm on the Foundation Stage when 25 of Melbourne's best musicians took us through a fun, expansive, and joyful celebration of Ska. Melbourne Ska Orchestra won an ARIA Award in 2019 for Best World Album and it's easy to see why. A megaphone heralded the entrance of all performers which set the scene for an hour of infectious energy, jumping around, and brilliant music. The brass section, reminiscent of high-school concert bands, was entertaining, energetic, and of course … loud! Steel pans from the Caribbean complemented the percussionists and a full drum kit, all introduced expertly and seamlessly in a song about the orchestra in Sans Humanite. All the songs had some story behind them and none more so than the song Bus Driver, all about one of the singers who they met when he was their Blues fest bus driver. Led by infectiously energetic Nicky Bomba of John Butler Trio fame, this performance was one not to be missed. Lygon Street Meltdown showcased some spectacular keyboard playing and of course the brass sections' technical brilliance. In Solitary Island, the very versatile flautist came out to sing showing off some very well-rounded vocals. The song culminated in a trumpet and flute duel, the likes of which I've never seen before. Being able to engage the audience interactively is certainly a challenge taken on by most WOMADelaide performers, but none perfected as well as the charming disarmament of Nicky Bomba. Conducting both the orchestra and the audience in well-tempered organised chaos was a sight to behold and a joy in which to participate. Through songs such as A Perfect Storm, and a James Brown-inspired He's a Tripper, we were encouraged to join in with lots of "boomshakalakas" and "shakalakabooms"!
Motez was our penultimate performance for the night, an electronic music producer and classical pianist with a difference. Starting off with a trance track that would have been fitting in any popular club in Europe, he then introduced the first of many guests, a vocalist whose soaring sounds were accompanied by Motez's signature resounding piano. Heavy beats that sounded influenced by Avicii provided the base for a world-premiere performance that was his only WOMADelaide appearance. A privilege to witness, the performance showcased a string quartet with some stellar glissando runs and Motez's skills as an electronic music producer. With a lighting rig looking like the star gate from the TV show of the same name, the lighting display and sequences were an integral part of this thrilling performance. As Motez claimed, "there are a few things that you just can't learn from a textbook" and the talent and mastery behind this music production is one such element. Talent like this is not learned but is certainly an innate gift. I'll be looking out for what this amazing artist does next!
Courtney Bartnett then took to the Foundation stage for her only WOMADelaide performance. Her bluesy songs included some lovely harmonising and her guitar skills were phenomenal. The lure of world-class food was too much to keep us entertained so it was time to sample fare from Byron Bay's the Fun Guys (seriously, we've waited a few years to taste their tempura mushrooms again, and they are a must try!) and Combi Coffee. Then it was time to return home after a great day celebrating WOMADelaide's 30th year. Bellies full, dancing feet sore, and just a little dusty, we made our way through the spectacular Cathedral of Lights as a fitting end to a glorious day.
WOMAD Review By Kim Burley
Previous WOMADelaide @ Botanic Park, Adelaide 12/3/2022
Next Moaning Lisa, Keeskea, Nuclear Family @ Fat Controller, Adelaide 12/3/2022
11 hours ago hifiway
Mayhem, Ulcerate, Werewolves @ Lion Arts Factory, Adelaide 22/1/2023
Daniel Howell 'We're All Doomed' @ Entertainment Centre Theatre, Adelaide 17/11/2023
1 week ago hifiway
Thy Art Is Murder, Whitechapel, Chelsea Grin, Spite @ Hindley Street Music Hall, Adelaide 17/1/2023
Heaps Good @ Adelaide Showground, Wayville SA 6/1/2022
3 weeks ago hifiway


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text:
Why a JD Might Be Your Ticket to a Career in Tech
By Sanjena Sathian
Because you might have a helluva lot of equity to lose.
If career advisers wanted to get rich, they might hope to get a nickel for every time they heard: So I want to go to law school, but I don't want to be a lawyer. Ah, law schools, those havens for the liberal-arts-educated seeking their elusive passions. Common wisdom these days suggests the era of English majors shelling out for a law degree to compensate for their unemployability is officially bygone. Law school is too expensive; jobs are too hard to come by; and the robots can do the legal grunt work of a first-year associate for less than 10 percent the cost. But there's an industry where the future for a young lawyer may be bright: the gilded tech world.
The general-counsel role — the top attorney at a company — once consisted of interpreting laws already on the books and handling shit storms that might arise. Today, though? For some technology companies on the bleeding edge, there's little common law to pull from. Much of Silicon Valley's dream work "is not really clearly governed by any well-defined existing bodies of law," says Vivek Krishnamurthy, clinical instructor at Harvard Law School's Cyberlaw clinic. Which means that knowing the law might help you write the law. For now, experts say a small yet growing group of young lawyers are stepping into tech; of the nearly 40,000 jobs reported by the class of 2014, fewer than 230 were in non-law technology companies — an option that didn't really exist for law graduates a decade ago, according to the National Association for Law Placement. But more lawyers may be headed that way as the job market slowly improves and fewer folks enter JD programs.
Technological power is compounding on itself so rapidly that the law can't possibly keep up.
An example of the new tech-law career path might come from Belinda Johnson, the former deputy general counsel at Yahoo. At Yahoo, she faced down the early days of online-content regulations over such matters as streaming music, for instance, way before Spotify versus T-Swift. It's even more pronounced at her job today — she's the chief business affairs and legal officer at Airbnb — and was hired uncommonly early for a lawyer at a young startup, because, as she says, Airbnb's founders were "incredibly cognizant of the regulatory challenges" that lay ahead. Count among those challenges questions of taxation and a labyrinth of rental laws worldwide. Johnson tells me her job feels a lot more like policy setting than precedent parsing.
It makes sense: Technological power is compounding on itself so rapidly that the law can't possibly keep up. Those who have a few areas down pat will be in high demand. Which ones? Privacy, obviously. Employment — see: contract-work platforms like Uber or TaskRabbit. Plus copyright — think YouTube, which had far fewer restrictions on uploading than its competitor Vimeo. According to a Quora post by one of Vimeo's founding partners, YouTube's willingness to actually engage in the copyright game helped the company to its billion-dollar-plus acquisition, leaving Vimeo behind.
You can also include the broad category of "international law." A company that distributes its wares on the web rather than depending on ships and highways and the like can go from local to global in a snap, explains Michael Samway, former vice president and deputy general counsel at Yahoo. Take the case LICRA v. Yahoo in 2000, when a French court heard anti-racist group LICRA's complaints that the sale of Nazi memorabilia on Yahoo's auctions was illegal. Though a French court argued Yahoo had to follow national law — since, after all, French citizens could view Yahoo on French soil — an American court said nay. U.S. courts went with the old-hat international law standards, finding that since Yahoo was headquartered in the U.S., it wouldn't be held responsible for every law of every country where someone used it.
But perhaps even more useful than niche subject-matter expertise, says Krishnamurthy, is a "self-regulatory instinct." Meaning asking not only whether a product is violating an existing law, but also, whether it could hit trouble down the road. Each bit and byte that goes into building the hardware and software of the information age contains in it all kinds of decisions, Krishnamurthy explains. You do the math: An attorney on call early on might help a smart founder choose how much copyrighted material her app should try to mess with. An attorney could convince a budding drone company to fly at a certain height so that different airspace laws apply. And it's that attorney who might be thanked thrice over in stock options when it turns out that the competition forgot to consider legal nuisance.
Still, before you rush to drop almost $200,000 on a grad degree — roughly the cost of a private law school plus living expenses, according to the American Bar Association — you might want to ask how much you're entering the stately halls of advocacy to learn its ins and outs or to learn how to learn, you liberal arts kiddo, you. For one: You're taking quite the risk, opting for more school when your peers in Startuplandia are increasingly quitting halfway through undergrad and salaries for those on the cutting-est of edges — early-stage startups — tend to be lower than your first-year-corporate associate paycheck.
Either way, if you're interested in drawing up the law of the future, you might also consider the words of one Lawrence Lessig — democracy activist and brief 2016 presidential contender — "code," goes the title of an essay he wrote back in 2000, "is law." And not the other way around.
Sanjena Sathian, Asia Editor Follow Sanjena Sathian on Twitter Contact Sanjena Sathian
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Home » Should We Screen Newborns for Neuroblastoma?
Should We Screen Newborns for Neuroblastoma?
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Synopsis: Screening for neuroblastoma increased the incidence of favorable tumors in infancy but did not de crease unfavorable, advanced-stage disease or mortality.
Source: Woods WG, et al. A population-based study of the usefulness of screening for neuroblastoma. Lancet 1996;348:1682-1687.
Between may 1, 1989, and april 30, 1994, 476,603 children born in the province of Quebec were screened for neuroblastoma by measuring catecholamines in urine specimens at three weeks and six months. Compliance with screening was 91% at three weeks and 76% at six months. Children with a positive screen were referred to one of four pediatric cancer centers for uniform evaluations. Standardized Rate of Incidence (SRI) for neuroblastoma was calculated for Quebec and two similar population based controls (the state of Minnesota and the province of Ontario) during the same time.
A total of 118 cases of neuroblastoma were diagnosed. Twenty were diagnosed clinically prior to the three-week screen, possibly due to a "halo effect" of increased awareness related to the screening program. Forty-three were detected pre-clinically by the three-week or six-month screen. Of the 55 cases diagnosed later, 52 had normal early screens.
The incidence of neuroblastoma in Quebec was approximately twice that in the two control areas (SRI: 2.17, Quebec; 1.13, Minnesota; 0.93, Ontario). However, the increase was almost exclusively due to increases in early-stage cases. The incidence of advanced-stage disease and mortality was similar in all three areas.
COMMENT BY JACK VAN HOFF, MD, FAAP
Neuroblastoma is the most common solid tumor of the first five years of life. The majority of these tumors are hormonally active, secreting catecholmines that can be detected and quantitated in the urine. The prognosis of neuroblastoma is much better when the tumor is clinically diagnosed before one year of age and before distant metastasis, particularly to the skeleton, has occurred. These facts have been the basis for consideration of mass screening of infants. In Japan, there has been a national neuroblastoma screening program for several years but the value of this program is controversial.
To a great extent, the controversy relates to the basic biological nature of neuroblastoma. Clinicians and scientists have long recognized two subgroups of neuroblastoma. The first is characterized by genetic abnormalities (a hyperdiploid karyotype and trk gene expression). This variety accounts for the large majority of all neuroblastomas diagnosed before one year of age, as well as low-stage tumors diagnosed at older ages. These "good" neuroblastomas are often curable with surgery alone, and some even undergo spontaneous regression. The second variety is characterized by a pseudodiploid karyotype, chromosome 1p deletions, and N-myc gene amplification. These usually present after one year of age with disseminated disease and account for almost all neuroblastoma deaths. While the Japanese screening program demonstrated increased detection of "good" neuroblastomas, the way the program had been implemented made it impossible to know if they had resulted in reduced mortality.
The questions remained: 1) Were screening programs just detecting neuroblastomas that would spontaneously regress or have good outcome with surgery alone? Or 2) Did screening prevent deaths from neuroblastoma by diagnosing the disease at a time when it was still curable.
The study by Woods et al provides extremely strong support for the first alternative. The incidence and clinical characteristics of neuroblastomas in the study population of Quebec, where screening was instituted in 1989, were compared to those of the unscreened populations of Ontario and Minnesota, as well as to Quebec before 1989. Screening increased the number of localized, good-prognosis cases, but had no effect on the incidence of advanced-state disease or mortality. It appears that "bad" neuroblastomas arise de novo and do not evolve from pre-existing detectable tumors. Almost all of the aggressive tumors arose in children who had normal screens in infancy. Mass screening of infants at or before six months of age did not reduce mortality from neuroblastoma.
An accompanying commentary outlines some of the problems associated with mass screening in Japan. Because screening is not effective in detecting aggressive tumors at an asymptomatic, curable stage, and because of the dilemmas posed by detecting early cases, some of which may require no therapy, the author advocates calling a halt to mass screening programs for neuroblastoma.1 (Dr. van Hoff is Associate Professor of Pediatrics at Yale University School of Medicine and is a Pediatric Cancer Epidemiologist.)
1. Bessho F. Where should neuroblastoma mass screening go? Lancet 1996;348:1672.
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HomeWorldMetinvest announced the development...
Metinvest announced the development of armored shields for machine gunners
Photo: Metinvest press service
Armored shields have a ballistic resistance of at least class 4 and can withstand a direct hit by bullets of PS, PP and LPS types from a distance of 10 meters.
The Metivest group of companies announced the development of a new type of protection – armored shields for machine gunners and operators of large-caliber weapons, who must go to the front. This was reported by the press service of Metinvest on Saturday, December 3.
According to the group, the shields are made of sheets of 30MnB5 boron-containing steel, which, after heat treatment, obtains ballistic resistance of at least class 4 and can withstand direct hits of PS, PP and LPS bullets from at a distance of 10 meters.
"Such shields are installed on a swivel rack at the back of a pickup truck, SUV and other passenger or specialized vehicles. The rack, in turn, is mounted on a strong bearing and attached to the frame itself vehicle. This allows the defender to fire with the rotation of the weapon around the axis. At the same time, the armored shield constantly covers the operator from enemy bullets and shrapnel," said the statement.
Recall that Metinvest previously announced a new method for producing steel for bulletproof vests. So far, the group of companies has sent 150,000 body armor to the front as part of Rinat Akhmetov's military initiative Steel Front. In addition, Metinvest sent 40 metal modular shelters and 300 field stoves to the front line.
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Mikel Arteta wants Arsenal to emulate Chelsea culture by beating the Blues
The Gunners meet Chelsea in Saturday evening's FA Cup final at Wembley.
Published: 31 July 2020 - 10.13pm
By Press Association Published: 31 July 2020 - 10.13pm
Football Arsenal FA Cup
Mikel Arteta is setting out to replicate the winning culture at Chelsea – starting with victory over the Blues in Saturday's FA Cup final.
The Arsenal head coach could win his maiden trophy as a manager, walking out at Wembley less than eight months since he was appointed to his first post.
The Gunners go into the game as underdogs given they finished four places and 10 points behind Chelsea in the Premier League – but they did beat Manchester City in their quest for an unmatched 14th FA Cup title.
Arteta followed on from Unai Emery at the Emirates Stadium, himself the replacement for Arsene Wenger, who had departed following 22 years.
Contrastingly, Chelsea have had four different managers in the past four and a half years – but have won more than Arsenal in that time.
Asked if Arteta was keen to instil a similar culture of winning silverware, Arteta replied: "Absolutely.
"They have some very important core players in those winning teams and it has probably given them a platform to be consistent.
"We have to play the game and try to win the game and perform at the highest level."
- Arteta on Chelsea
"They have had some really good managers, players and structure at the football club. But before the time you mentioned, they were not a winning team.
"But they managed to change that mindset and convince players and put the pressure on everybody at the club that the only aim and the only thing that was allowed at that football club was to win. When that happens, obviously everybody performs better."
Saturday's London derby will be the third time Arsenal and Chelsea have met in a major final in the past four years.
Arsenal lifted the FA Cup in 2017 while Chelsea ran out comfortable 4-1 winners in the Europa League final last May.
Unai Emery's Arsenal were well beaten by Chelsea in last season's Europa League final (Adam Davy/PA)
Arteta said he has not talked to his players about the loss in Baku 15 months ago when defeat cost Arsenal a place in the Champions League.
This time around, victory is required to secure Europa League football for the 2020-21 campaign and the financial benefits that come along with it – but Arteta does not want his players to be under any added pressure under the Wembley arch.
"We have to play the game and try to win the game and perform at the highest level," he added.
Arsenal's record number of FA Cup wins
"We know the opponent that we're going to have in front of us and the rest is a consequence of our performance and what we do on the day.
"There's no need to talk to them about that (financial ramifications of losing). They are aware of it. I don't want to add any extra pressure onto them in terms of that.
"They are preparing really well this week, they look ready to go and what they have to drive them forward is the energy and ambition to grab that cup at the end of the 90 minutes."
TAGS Football Arsenal FA Cup
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The beautiful prose of poet John Keats has become known across the world and Keats House allows fans, new and old, to find out more about his life and work. Located in a house once resided in by Keats himself, the museum opened in 1931 and features and extensive collection of his material, including original manuscripts and rare artefacts. All of this and more helps to piece together how the poet found such profound inspiration for his poetry.
Those visiting the house can enjoy the permanent displays which are augmented by recitals of Keats' poetry, special events across the year and the chance to write your own poem. It was on these premises that Keats penned some of his most famous work and Keats House offers fans of the spoken word the chance to understand one of the true greats in close detail.
Opening Times: Open Wednesday - Sunday: 11am - 5pm.


As clinicians, we are all first and foremost scientists. We have been trained on the "scientific method" - to clearly understand the problem, the hypothesis, the interventions, the outcome, and the implications for future study. That has been drilled into us in school, in training, and in every piece of evidence that we lovingly read in our daily news feeds. We place so much emphasis on the evidence when it comes to treating our patients, however, I am not sure that we place enough emphasis on the evidence as it applies to our healthcare programs.
National healthcare spending has been increasing every year. Recent results released by CMS at the end of 2016 show our national 2015 healthcare expenditure at $3.2 Trillion or $9,900 per person and accounting for 17.8% of GDP. As you might expect, the largest share of the bill is paid by the US government with Medicare picking up $646B and Medicaid paying for $545B. Close behind the US government in healthcare spending is the private insurance plans picking up $1,072B. In last place are the consumers, with a paltry of out of pocket spend of $338B.
With these huge dollars poured into healthcare, it is not surprising that CMS has implemented numerous programs to shift our payment system from fee-for-service to value-based care. Instead of paying hospitals and providers for the number of visits and tests they order, now payments are based on the value of care that they deliver. The value-based programs have included a variety of hospital programs including Hospital-Acquired Condition Reduction Program (HACRP), Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP), and Hospital Value-Based Purchasing (VBP) Program. As we head toward the new programs coming up this year, such as the Alternative Payment Models (APMs) and Merit-Based Incentive Payment Systems (MIPS), it is a good time to glance back at the programs that have been in place and consider how well they have been working.
The HVBP Program is one program that brings both quality of care and cost of care into the program. Hospitals in the program have 2% of their reimbursement withheld and then hospitals are gauged on measures such as mortality, HACs, patient safety, patient experience, efficiency, and cost reduction. Based on the hospitals' total performance score, they may earn back their 2% and have the opportunity to earn an additional 2%. At the moment, the program is cost neutral as far as healthcare expenditures, so the main question becomes: Is this financial incentive for hospitals really improving care?
Is VBP Program Improving Outcomes?
A 2015 study looking at the early effects of the HVBP program compared 12 clinical processes and 8 patient experiences measures between hospitals enrolled in the program and hospitals excluded from the program. This study looked at a 1-year time period from 2011 to 2012. The study found no significant difference in any of the clinical processes or the patient experience measures during the first implementation period of the program. The authors concluded that the financial incentives were too low to incentivize hospitals or that the complicated design might not have given them a clear target. The results suggest that we have yet to find the right measures to improve clinical process and patient experience.
In 2016, a new study investigated if VBP was indeed improving care by comparing mortality for AMI, heart failure, and pneumonia between hospitals participating in the program and hospitals excluded from the program. This study was conducted over a 5-year period from 2008-2013. The study found that mortality trends between the two groups was small and non-significant. In looking at subgroups of hospitals, including poor performers, there was still no association between HVBP Program participation and better outcomes. The authors concluded that we have yet to find the right quality metrics and incentives to improve patient outcomes.
As we apply the scientific method to the VBP Program, one would question if the program is targeting the right outcomes or providing the right incentives? What interventions have the high performing hospitals implemented that may be contributing to their better outcomes? Are there other factors that CMS should be targeting? For example, hospital ownership and social determinants are now shown to play a role in improving outcomes, yet they are not currently factored in HVBP program design or measures. So, as any good scientist would conclude, the HVBP "experiment," so far, is inconclusive. The scientific method would dictate that the next step is to put our subject back under the microscope and test new hypotheses.


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Haunted Places I've Been
Home	Cemeteries	Alone In The Crypt – The Life & Death of Victor M. Clement
CemeteriesHistoryPosthumous Profiles
Alone In The Crypt – The Life & Death of Victor M. Clement
by Jennifer Jones November 11, 2019
written by Jennifer Jones November 11, 2019
Sentenced to Death in Johannesburg
Death in Mexico
Alone In The Crypt
While photographing the mausoleums in Mount Olivet Cemetery, I noticed that the Clement mausoleum only seems to have one inhabitant. While there is room six, only a single person appears to be interred here. Whenever I come across half-empty mausoleums I always wonder what causes the rest of the family to not be interred here. When I started researching the life and death of Victor M. Clement, I had no idea that it would turn out to be so interesting.
Victor Michel Clement was born in California in 1856. He graduated from Santa Clara college in 1876, and then went on to study mining engineering at the University of California. Shortly after finishing his education he ended up managing the Bunker Hill & Sullivan mine in Wardner, Idaho. It was here that he met his future wife, Flora Smith. (Who was a complete badass I might add!)
Mining during the late 1800's was obviously extremely dangerous, but during Victor's time in Wardner, not only did men have to worry about mining accidents, but also labor struggles.
The Bunker Hill & Sullivan mines were the only mines in the area that were not unionized. Because of this, the miners were paid less and worked more. This in turn led to some dangerous strikes in which Victor was almost killed, and Flora was in the midst of it the entire time.
After leaving Idaho, Victor went to Johannesburg to manage the Primrose Mine. He was a friend of the Cowboy Capitalist, John Hays Hammond and wound up participating in the famous Jameson Raid. Because of his involvement he wound up being sentenced to death along with the other participants. His death sentence would later be commuted and in all he spent approximately a month in jail before being released after paying a $10,000 fine. Today that would come to about $285,000.
By early 1899 Victor and Flora were called to Salt Lake City so that Victor could examine a mine in Mercur and advise a mining magnate on other land purchases. Victor ended up opening an office in Salt Lake City and the couple bought a house on Brigham Street. It was while they lived in Salt Lake that Victor often found himself traveling to Mexico to inspect various mines. Flora would often travel with him.
In the Spring of 1903 Victor and Flora were in Guanajuato. Guanajuato is known today for its mummies. When Victor and Flora returned from the mine, Victor was complaining of abdominal pain and extreme nausea. A doctor was sent for and arrived around 1 a.m. He advised them to take Victor to Saltillo, but Victor was too ill to ride a horse. It was Sunday so most of the miners were at home with their families, but one of the men was able to make a litter in order to carry Victor to Saltillo. When they got to Saltillo the doctors told them that it was nothing to be concerned about and Victor was simply constipated. By Wednesday, Victor's condition had not improved, and by Friday Flora knew this was more than constipation and insisted that Victor be taken by train to the American Hospital at Monterey, which was about 6 hours away.
Instead of taking Victor to the hospital, the surgeon, his assistant, and a nurse were brought to them. At approximately 1 am the following morning the surgeon had arrived and surgery was started inside their hotel room in Saltillo. Flora waited patiently outside the door for 3 hours until the door to the room was opened. The surgeon told her that there was no hope for Victor's recovery. Victor recovered consciousness briefly, and then dropped off into a restful sleep and eventually passed away.
Mexican law at the time stated that a body could not be removed from the country until a period of two years had passed. A metal coffin would be needed, and Flora was lucky enough to find an American plumber who offered to make a tin coffin for a fellow countryman. Mining officials helped Flora dress Victor's body and a local man offered a nice in his family tomb for her to use. Within 24 hours of his death, Victor Clement's wooden and tin coffin was placed in the tomb.
The Salt Lake Herald-Republican
Salt Lake City, Utah 17 Jul 1906, Tue • Page 8
Flora returned to Salt Lake City and after finalizing Victor's various business dealings sold their house on Brigham Street and moved to California. At some point she had the mausoleum in Mt. Olivet constructed to eventually hold Victor's body. At 5 p.m. on July 16, 1906, Victor's body was finally placed inside the Clement Mausoleum. Within a couple of years following Victor's death, Flora married Lt. Col. Sydney A. Cloman. She died in October 1943 and from newspaper reports she was to be buried in Washington D.C., although I cannot find proof of her burial.
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