Hurricane Maria, the devastating storm that raked the Caribbean, destroyed Puerto Rico's aging power grid – with one notable exception.
ENGELMAN: Puerto Rico has the largest wind farm in the Caribbean, and we just got news that it survived the hurricane intact. Every one of its, I think, 44 turbines is operating, just as before the hurricane.
CURWOOD: How the island could reimagine its energy mix with micro grids, powered by renewables. Also, problems for farmers coping with global warming.
EGAN: The amount of extreme rainfall we've gotten has increased fully 71 percent. That means that Pennsylvania farmers are dealing with this paradox of way too much water at certain points of the year, punctuated by short but often fairly intense drought periods.
CURWOOD: That and more, this week on Living on Earth. Stick around.
CURWOOD: From PRI, and the Jennifer and Ted Stanley Studios at the University of Massachusetts Boston, this is Living on Earth. I'm Steve Curwood.
Puerto Rico was once covered by electric shades of green, lush tropical trees and plants that Hurricane Maria stripped to bare brown twigs. And people there are still stripped of the basic necessities - medical care, food and fresh water—and living mostly without lights in neighborhoods stinky with moldy garbage and broken sewers. The winds ripped Puerto Rico's electric power grid apart, twisting it into a tangle of more than 30,000 miles of downed power and transmission lines that could take months if not years to restore. Since it all has to be rebuilt anyway, Robert Engelman, a Senior Fellow at Worldwatch Institute says, now is the time to boost renewables and convert the island's power system to more local mini and micro-grids.
Bob Engelman joins me now. Welcome back to Living on Earth.
ENGELMAN: Thank you, Steve. Good to be back.
CURWOOD: Bob, from what you know about energy and renewable energy, how do you think Puerto Rico ought to rebuild its system there?
ENGELMAN: Well, I think it's important to first state that the real priority in Puerto Rico is saving lives and restoring power as quickly as possible, obviously water and other basic services people need. That's the urgent need right now. Second thing is, it has a lot to do with what Puerto Ricans want. It's not something that you and I can decide from Boston or Washington DC, what exactly they should do. They've got to be involved in the process. But the third thing to say is they have an opportunity to start thinking things fresh, and Puerto Rico like the rest of the Caribbean has an enormous renewable energy resources right there on the island.
The sunshine is more than just a draw for tourists. It's actually quite strong. The power of solar irradiance to generate solar electricity is twice as strong as it is in Germany or Denmark which themselves have the bulk of solar power that's installed in the world as a whole, and it's similar for wind. The trade winds that blow across the Caribbean and that brought Christopher Columbus to the Caribbean in 1492, they blow between 10 and 30 miles per hour almost constantly, and these are very, very good wind speeds for wind turbines.
ENGELMAN: Well, there is a lot more you can do with small grids than with large grids. It's easier to make them smart and responsive to their users. They frequently involve more public participation, community decisions about pricing, fuel mix. Communities might be more enthusiastic, for example, about using renewable energy than importing new fossil fuels, as is the case of almost all the energy production, or 98 percent anyway, of the energy production that's going on in Puerto Rico.
CURWOOD: And of course, to what extent is it is zero sum game between renewable and fossil fuel? I would think that a distributed energy system could encompass both.
ENGELMAN: Absolutely, the way to think about is a little bit like, is whether meat is the center of your plate or meat is a side dish when people are starting to move toward vegetarianism. You don't have to choose one or the other but you can diminish the dominance of the one that's causing the most problems.
In the case of fossil fuel, it's important frequently in a transition period to use it as a backup, for example. The sun doesn't always shine. The wind doesn't always blow. So, absolutely they can work together, but the goal would be, especially for economic reasons but also for environmental reasons, to move as close to dominance and eventually complete reliance on the renewable energy as possible.
CURWOOD: And, Bob, you're not talking about people being completely off the grid, but being on whatever local or wide area grid there is. How could storage systems help Puerto Rico make the most of its renewable resources?
ENGELMAN: Well, batteries can be integrated with grids of any size. They make renewable energy much more feasible as a really important part of your base load in any size grid, whether it's a small community grid or a centralized grid like Puerto Rico had, and in fact, Tesla - which knows a lot about this and has probably been developing batteries more intensively and rapidly than probably any other company because they need them for their cars - has in fact donated a number of what are called "Powerwall battery packs." These are home-based sort of small refrigerator size packs that can enable homes to save the power that they get from the sun during the day so they can use it in the night time and other times, cloudy weather, etcetera.
CURWOOD: Bob, how resilient can solar and wind energy infrastructure be in a disaster such as a major hurricane that well, as we know, completely trashed Puerto Rico?
ENGELMAN: Right, well, here's the good news. Puerto Rico has the largest wind farm in the Caribbean, and we just got news that it survived the hurricane intact, every one of its, I think, 44 turbines is operating just as before the hurricane. That's amazing, so that's a part of its infrastructure that wasn't destroyed. That said, one of its other, much smaller wind farms did suffer some rotor damage because the rotors didn't close down the way they're supposed to in high winds. Wind turbines these days, the best of them are built to withstand about a Category three hurricane, but, as we know, Puerto Rico got hit by a Category four hurricane when Maria landed. So, there is an issue. It's not to say that it's perfectly resilient. Photovoltaic panels can blow off of roofs. So, this is not a binary situation where renewable is completely resilient and non-renewable is totally vulnerable.
But, I would say that renewable has an big advantages. You don't have to worry about having port facilities to import your fuels. It's going to be an issue for Puerto Rico whether it can import it fossil fuels it needs for a system given its port situations. There are a lot of reasons to think that, in general, renewable energy is likely to be more resilient, again, particularly if you're talking about distributed energy that's small scale, that communities can control, ideally close to the ground, that doesn't require long distance transmission lines, etcetra. I think, on balance, resilience favors renewable energy well over fossil fuel energy.
CURWOOD: Let's talk about cost now. In some places wind and solar are cheaper than fossil fuel, certainly cheaper than coal. But one thing about renewable energy if you pretty much pay for all that energy up front. You buy the solar cells, buy the wind turbines and after that the costs are pretty cheap.
CURWOOD: Puerto Rico has a lot of financial problems. Officially, it's what $75 billion dollars in debt, even before Maria. So, at the end of the day, how feasible do you think it's going to be for Puerto Rico to be investing in renewable energy?
ENGELMAN: I think it will be difficult for Puerto Rico itself to invest in renewable energy, which is a shame because over the long term it would be really helpful to its economy. But there is a federal act that was passed late in the Obama administration, with bipartisan support, I might add, called Promesa, which guarantees a bit of a break from creditors, the holders of Puerto Rico's bonds, and puts together an oversight board to make a plan for how Puerto Rico can handle its debt problems. And I would suggest that we gather this oversight board in San Juan and take a look at Puerto Rico's situation and see if some of its debt could be delayed, for example, and perhaps money could be diverted from what Puerto Rico has to repay, to at least assessing the potential to integrate as much sustainable and renewable energy as possible, as we repair the basic energy infrastructure of Puerto Rico.
I think it's really critical that we make a collective national effort to, I think, look at Puerto Rico as both for the benefits of its own citizens and the benefit of the country as a whole, a kind of a laboratory for how to make renewable energy work, and that's one reason I suggested, in a recent letter to The New York Times, that we consider federal/private partnerships that take on some of these upfront costs, not as a bail-out but as a way of learning from what we can do in one island with 3.4 million Americans, how it can become self-sufficient in energy and resilient in energy and resilient against the kind of super storms that are very likely to be hitting Puerto Rico in the coming decades.
CURWOOD: Some would say that Puerto Ricans have second-class citizenship when they're on the island. They can't vote for president of the United States or the Electoral College or get voting members of Congress, and that this is a considerable obstacle perhaps to this energy revolution that you're calling for for Puerto Rico. How might one deal with that fact? How might America be able to move forward on the status of Puerto Rico, at the same time that it responds to the devastating emergency there?
ENGELMAN: I think one important point is that as Puerto Rico develops, in terms of its energy system and in terms of developing economically and in terms of how they handle the incredible emergency disaster they've had to face, they're going to prove to the mainland American people who've been watching them that they're worthy of full citizenship, and they have a right to be a state. They're more populous than a number of states we have, and it may be that, I wouldn't necessarily call it a silver lining to this incredible disaster emergency they face, but it may be that in their own resilience, in the resilience of the Puerto Rican people in dealing with this emergency and working with the rest of America, the rest of the United States, there will be more opportunity, more chance people will be more sympathetic to the fact that they deserve full citizenship and full political and electoral participation in the United States' representative democracy.
CURWOOD: So, it's not just electricity when you say "power to the people" of Puerto Rico.
ENGELMAN: [LAUGHS] I'll let you go with that, but that's a good one, power to the people of Puerto Rico. They're certainly connected. There's no question that having a resilient dependable power supply is critical to economic development, and economic development is critical to being fully integrated into the United States.
CURWOOD: Robert Engelman is a senior fellow and former president of the environmental think tank, Worldwatch Institute. Bob, thanks so much for taking the time with me today.
ENGELMAN: Thanks for having me, Steve.
CURWOOD: Coming up, how too much CO2 can be bad for nutrition. That's just ahead on Living on Earth.
ANNOUNCER: Support for Living on Earth comes from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and from a friend of Sailors for the Sea, working with boaters to restore ocean health.
Hurricane Maria wiped out 80 percent of Puerto Rico's crops, shredding bananas and plantains and stripping coffee trees. In Florida, three quarters of this year's orange crop was torn off by Hurricane Irma, and Texas farmers face huge losses from cotton and rice, submerged by Hurricane Harvey. Global warming increases the intensity and duration of these storms, and we can expect the trend to continue. But it's not only violent storms that disrupt agriculture. Wide-spread droughts and heatwaves make farming increasingly unpredictable.
As Julie Grant of the Allegheny Front reports from Pennsylvania, there can be winners as well as losers.
GRANT: Farmer Matt Herbruck is glad he doesn't have to focus his vegetable crop on peppers again this year. In 2016, the weather was so hot and dry.
HERBRUCK: Sometime in June, I could clearly see this was going to be one brutal summer.
GRANT: He says temperatures were five to 10 degrees above average, and instead of the usual 12 inches of rain from May through August, they only got two inches all summer.
It wasn't enough water to grow lettuce and leafy greens.
HERBRUCK: So we went big into peppers and eggplants and things like that. Unfortunately peppers are really not the most lucrative crop, but we had a lot of them so that was nice.
GRANT: After 22 years of farming, Herbruck says it's undeniable, the climate is changing, and it's getting more extreme.
HERBRUCK: It's not unusual at all in this area to go from in the 40s one night to 90, 36 hours later. It happens. And that's not normal. I think the weather is crazy.
EGAN: I hear a lot about that from our farmers.
GRANT: That's Franklin Egan, director of Education at PASA, the Pennsylvania Association for Sustainable Agriculture. And he says it's more than just talk. He points to data from the USDA that show that while the amount annual rainfall in Pennsylvania and the Northeast U.S. has increased only slightly in the past 50 years, the way it's coming down has changed.
EGAN: We've been getting a lot more extreme rainfall events.
GRANT: More than an inch of rain in a day is considered extreme.
EGAN: The amount of extreme rainfall we've gotten has increased fully 71 percent.
GRANT: It's a startling number and a far bigger change than in any other part of the country.
EGAN: And so, if you put that together, you know, about the same annual rainfall, but more intense rainfall, that means that Pennsylvania farmers are dealing with this paradox of way too much water at certain points of the year, punctuated by short, but often fairly intense drought periods.
GRANT: And both extreme wet and dry weather can make farming less reliable. And yet, Pennsylvania's Agriculture Secretary Russell Redding says, climate change isn't all bad for farms in the region.
REDDING: I would say at this point that it is a mixed bag.
GRANT: According to Pennsylvania's Climate Assessment, last updated in 2015, those extreme rain events will get worse, and summer heat waves will get more frequent and intense. So places like Harrisburg would feel more like Birmingham, Alabama.
But whether that's good or bad largely depends on what a farm produces. Dairy, poultry and eggs, corn, vegetables, nuts and fruits are all produced in Pennsylvania.
REDDING: There are going to be winners in this conversation, in terms of their ability to grow extended seasons and different crops, and there'll be a downside because there's a lot of production in agriculture that will not be able to tolerate the continued swings of rainfall and temperatures.
GRANT: One example of that mixed bag: fruit. On the upside, Redding says as the climate warms, new varieties of fruit are already being grown here.
REDDING: We have apple varieties that would have been in the Shenandoah Valley, in Virginia, that are now in Pennsylvania. So they're real.
GRANT: Redding says improved farming practices could also be driving the success of these new varieties. On the downside, the warming conditions are implicated in new, unwanted pests. The Agriculture Department recently issued quarantine in six counties, to prevent the spread of the spotted lanternfly, a black, red and white insect that first appeared in Pennsylvania, and the US, just a few years ago. It could devastate the state's tree fruit and grapevines.
REDDING: That becomes a major concern for us.
GRANT: For many farmers these unanticipated changes, and all the variability, mean they have to continually adjust their plans to suit the warming weather. Dairies are adding air conditioning to keep cows cool enough to produce milk. In fields, more are adding irrigation systems for dry periods. And more crops are being grown in hoop houses, for better protection from weather and pests.
Vegetable farmer Matt Herbruck says for years now he's been shifting away from working the fields in July.
HERBRUCK: I just can't. Stuff doesn't grow that well, and also I'm not going out there when it's 95 degrees. Who wants to do that?
GRANT: But he also sees some of the benefits of climate change. Nowadays, October is usually still warm enough for planting, so he's still selling produce in November and December. I'm Julie Grant.
CURWOOD: Julie reports for the Pennsylvania public radio program, the Allegheny Front.
CURWOOD: Climate disruption can be tough on agriculture, and now there appears to be another danger to staple crops as carbon dioxide levels rise. Nutrient loss. One expert in this field is physician Sam Myers, who recently published two papers looking at iron and protein levels in plants that get increased amounts of CO2 and how that may impact human health.
Dr. Myers is a Senior Research Scientist at Harvard and a Director at the Planetary Health Alliance. Welcome to Living on Earth.
MYERS: Thanks so much. I'm happy to be here.
CURWOOD: Tell us how you believe this comes about, that increased carbon emissions, and thus more photosynthesis, actually can lead to a decline in nutrients.
MYERS: Well, for starters we're not absolutely sure what it is that's causing the decline in nutrients. So, whether or not it's related to increased photosynthesis, we actually don't know. It may be a direct effect of the carbon on the plants. But what we do know is that when we grow staple food crops at elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide, approximating where the world is going to be in the next 40 years or so, that those staple food crops lose a lot of their nutritional value, and particularly they lose iron, zinc, and protein.
CURWOOD: Give me a sense of just how much nutritional value they lose and why it's significant.
MYERS: So, what we see in a paper we published a couple of years ago in Nature, we showed that staple food crops were losing between five and 10 percent of iron, zinc and protein when grown at 550 parts per million. That sort of leaves a gigantic "So what?" question, which we've been working on for the last two or three years, in which we estimate the diets of the populations of 152 countries, and we model how if they continue to eat the same foods - these reductions of five or 10 percent in these nutrients - how many people would get pushed into risks of nutrient deficiencies which have significant health effects. And what we found were on the order of 150 to 200 hundred million people would be likely to be pushed into those deficiencies, and so that's why I said it's a significant reduction.
CURWOOD: Yeah, talk to me about how many people around the world are at this point are undernourished or have inappropriate nutrition, in your view, and how your finding compares to that.
MYERS: Well, so there are lots of different kinds of what we call malnutrition. There's too much food, so we obviously have a crisis of obesity, really around the world now. There's too little food which is a caloric problem, and then there are micronutrient deficiencies. And so a lot of the work that we've been doing has been focusing in on those micronutrients, in particular, iron and zinc as well as protein deficiency, and so around the world today there are around two billion people - so, nearly a third of our population - who suffer from micronutrient deficiencies. And so in the studies that we've done we've looked at how many people would become newly deficient, but of course there also are hundreds of millions or billions of people who would have their deficiencies further exacerbated.
CURWOOD: Talk to me about the health effects of these nutrient deficiencies - zinc, iron and so forth.
MYERS: So, for zinc, the burdens of disease from zinc deficiency are calculated for children under the age of five, and zinc is an important component of our immune systems, and so what we've found is that children that have adequate zinc levels will die in much lower numbers from common infections like malaria, pneumonia, diarrheal disease. And so when you look at what are called the relative risks, the risks of dying from those diseases, they're much higher in children who are zinc deficient.
For iron deficiency, there's a broader array of health effects. So, pregnant women die in higher numbers giving birth. There's higher neonatal mortality, meaning death of infants at birth or soon after. You get reductions in IQ and intelligence, reductions in work capacity, so there are a variety of effects from inadequate iron intake.
CURWOOD: Can you briefly explain for me, how you measure these nutrient levels in different parts of the world? The methodology you used, Sam.
MYERS: So, it's sort of been a two-step process. The first step is very direct, which is to grow staple food crops in open fields at elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide. And so, if you imagine an open field in the middle of the field is a ring of carbon dioxide emitting jets and you grow a specific cultivar of a specific crop, like wheat or rice, and outside the ring you grow the identical cultivar in the same soil, the same conditions, but at ambient, at regular, CO2 levels, and you compare the nutrient content of the crops inside the ring where the CO2 is high versus outside the ring, and that's sort of step one which allows you to estimate how much nutrient is changing as a result specifically of the CO2 effect.
The second step is to estimate how much of these different foods people are eating, and to do that we had to build something called the global expanded nutrient supply database, which is a database of the per capita consumption for 152 different countries of 225 different foods with their nutrient densities which we then use to model the total intake of things like iron and zinc for the populations of each of these 152 countries under today's CO2 conditions and under the CO2 conditions we anticipate by the middle of the century, and then you can look at the difference.
CURWOOD: Sam, where is this going to be the biggest problem? What parts of the world are going to be facing these kind of nutrient deficiencies?
MYERS: Well, so the deficiencies themselves are going to be most severe in South Asia and in Africa. In particular, India appears to be very vulnerable to these changes. We estimate about 50 million people in India alone would become protein deficient as well as the large numbers of people who are already protein deficient, and throughout Africa. And it's really a question of what their underlying diets are. So, people that have very little animal source food in their diet and are relying on crops like wheat and rice for large amounts of their iron, zinc, and protein intake, those are the most vulnerable populations.
CURWOOD: Sam, you're talking about parts of the planet are going to have a lot of trouble from climate disruption, especially with drought or crazy monsoon seasons. We're already seeing in Africa and India problems with growing crops now.
MYERS: There's no question that certain parts of the world are going to be particularly vulnerable, and one of the issues that this kind of work, I think, brings into very sharp contrast is an issue of equity and social justice. Because if you think about where the carbon emissions are going to come from between now and 2050 or so, to get us to 550 parts per million, and then you think about who is going to be vulnerable to those rising CO2 levels and experience nutritional deficiencies as a result, they're almost mirror images of each other. And so it's really the wealthy people in the wealthier parts of the world that are emitting much higher levels of carbon dioxide, and it's the poorer people in the poorer parts of the world that are suffering the consequences. And so, it really does become an issue of social justice, to think about how we take better care of those vulnerable populations.
CURWOOD: Dr. Myers, as you know, we began the present era around 275 parts per million of CO2. We're up to 400 now. Your research looks at 550, but to what extent might we be experiencing this loss in nutrient density even now with an increase in CO2?
MYERS: So, it's a wonderful question. Essentially, if you think about how we would answer that question retrospectively, the easiest thing we could do would be to look for archived samples of grain, for example, that had been grown at an earlier time when carbon dioxide levels were lower. And the problem with that methodologically is that the cultivars that we grow, things like wheat and rice and soybeans, are changing on average every three or four years, and so there isn't a longitudinal series, there isn't a single cultivar that we can track over time that way. And so what we do know is that nutrient contents have been falling in crops for decades, and you know, some of that is probably just that we've been breeding crops to be very high yielding without a lot of concern about their nutrient content. So some of that may just be a result of our breeding program, and some of it may be a result of CO2.
But there was a wonderful piece of research that was done I think a year or two ago by my colleague Lou Ziske at the U.S. Department of Agriculture in which he did that analysis but not for food crops. Instead he looked at goldenrod, and it turns out that there are herbaria around the country that have been archiving specimens of goldenrod going back to the 1850s. And goldenrod is actually a very important plant for pollinators, particularly bees, because it's late flowering plant flowers in the autumn and gives bees a lot of the pollen that they need over winter. It feeds them before they become dormant. And so he looked at the pollen itself from goldenrod flowers going back to, I think it was 1851 or so, and what he found was that there's been a 30 percent reduction in the protein content of the goldenrod pollen between then and now. He then set about to actually reproduce that data in the laboratory by growing goldenrod at different carbon dioxide levels, and he showed that reproduce it perfectly and it was essentially a linear relationship, that, as CO2 was rising, the protein content in the goldenrod pollen was falling. And so we do have that sort of anecdotal evidence to suggest that there may well be a linear effect and that we may well already be suffering the effects of rising carbon dioxide on the nutrient content of plants.
CURWOOD: What are some of the possible solutions to this crunch that's coming, declining nutrient value with increased CO2 and other effects from climate disruption?
MYERS: Well, I mean, on the first solution is to stop emitting so much carbon dioxide. So, in public health we talk about primary prevention. That would be primary prevention. So, we need to think hard about ways that we can decarbonize our energy economy as quickly as possible.
Secondary prevention would be things like bio-fortification of crops. So, developing crop types that are enriched with respect to these nutrients, like iron and zinc and protein, or breeding crops that are less sensitive to the CO2 effect and there's some reason to believe that might be possible over time.
Many of these vulnerable nations would do well to think about ways that they can increase dietary diversity, so that their populations are consuming a wider variety of foods that give them a stronger nutritional base. So, the first thing is to get countries recognizing that this is a threat developing as we speak and that they need to think about what's most appropriate for their particular populations.
CURWOOD: Physician Sam Myers is a senior research scientist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health and Director of Planetary Health at the Planetary Health Alliance. Thanks so much for taking the time with us today, Sam.
MYERS: It's a great pleasure to speak with you. Thank you.
CURWOOD: We head out to sea for today's BirdNote, to catch up with some of the most magnificent of the pelagic creatures off our shores. But as Michael Stein points out, though the adults may be glorious and graceful birds, the infants are, well, downright dumpy.
Just a couple of dozen miles off the Pacific Coast, immense, dark birds with long, saber-shaped wings glide without effort above the wave-tops. These graceful giants are Black-footed Albatrosses, flying by the thousands near the edge of the continental shelf.
Albatrosses arc and coast over the ocean for hours with hardly a flap of their wings. Making the most of wind currents and shifts in air pressure, these wondrous seabirds seem to levitate over the water.
Black-footed Albatross numbers peak off the coast in summer. Many adults return to the Hawaiian Islands during our winter and spring, to court and nest on sandy islands.
In Hawaiian waters, the Black-footed Albatross collects squid and masses of flying-fish eggs with its long, hook-tipped bill. Adult birds may fly hundreds of miles at sea to provide food for the single, goliath nestling, which looks more than a little like a portly, gray, recumbent version of Big Bird.
Sounds of the Black-footed Albatross provided by The Macaulay Library of Natural Sounds at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, New York. Call of the adult and begging call of the young recorded by W.V. Ward.
CURWOOD: Glide on over to our website, loe dot org for some pictures.
CURWOOD: Coming up -- talking – and listening – to the animals….That's just ahead here on Living on Earth. Stay tuned.
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On a warm afternoon in late summer Thurber, the Border Collie, welcomes me into his home. He shares an old New Hampshire farmhouse with writer Sy Montgomery, and today they are joined by author Elizabeth Marshall Thomas.
Sy is an old friend of Living on Earth who over the years has celebrated pigs, octopuses, sharks, pink dolphins, moon bears, and more with stories from around the globe. Elizabeth Marshall Thomas is noted for writing The Hidden Life of Dogs, a groundbreaking book probing dog psychology.
Sy heads outside into her garden.
CURWOOD: These best-selling authors have teamed up on Tamed and Untamed: Close Encounters of the Animal Kind, a book of essays that explores how wild and domesticated creatures and people relate. The essays are adapted from a Boston Globe column they co-wrote that sometimes offered advice that, as Sy admits, raised some eyebrows.
MONTGOMERY: We kind of got in trouble for our first Q and A.
MONTGOMERY: Someone wrote in and they said you know I've got this dog who barks, and I love him so much, and now I have this new boyfriend, and he doesn't want me to keep the dog, which I do. And we said, you know, we normally don't recommend euthanasia, but your boyfriend has got to go.
CURWOOD: So, you wrote this book with, with Sy Montgomery, Elizabeth Marshall Thomas but both my producer, Noble, and I, when we were reading the book had a lot of trouble figuring out whose voice was whose. For each story in it, you had the same voice. How did that come about?
THOMAS: Maybe we just had the same voice before we ever met. I bet that's it.
MONTGOMERY: We did think about that, and that's why with each chapter at the top we reveal which one of us is speaking, but I think Liz has been a very big influence on my writing. I think we come from the same heart. I mean, what we're saying in this book and every single essay, whether it's about hyraxes - these little groundhog-sized relatives of elephants who live in Africa - or an octopus at the New England Aquarium or the dog at your feet, these lives are so fascinating, so intricate, so mysterious, so thrilling, and so worthy of our respect and affection and awe. That's what we're saying in every single essay, and that may be why that kind of heart comes through.
CURWOOD: There's a theme throughout your book. It's a finger-wagging theme about people who abandon their animals, who abandon their pets.
THOMAS: Yeah, I have two cats who my neighbor found as kittens by the side of a long empty road. Somebody just tossed them out of a car. And she couldn't take them, but I could. She called me and I, of course, came and got them. [LAUGHS] And they're with me now. They're wonderful cats. They were Russian Blues, and if you buy one it's expensive so the person didn't even know that she could have sold them for hundreds of dollars. I mean, but that's not the point. The point is that, how can you do that? How can you do a thing like that?
Another woman released a rabbit in my field, and the rabbit had never been alone before, and he'd never been out in the wild before, so to speak. He had no idea what to do. And also it was in the middle of the field so he could be seen from every direction. He wasn't happy about that, and he saw our house in the distance, and he came to it and he went into the garage.
The woman, I'm sure she was letting him free. She thought that animals are on automatic pilot. When they get in the woods, they'll know exactly what to do, and he'd be happy, and so it wasn't an evil thing on her part. But it didn't work. The dogs found him before I did, and they killed him. And I think people don't think along those lines.
We're alike in every other way with every other mammal. OK? We have hearts, we have livers, we have kidneys. But the brains aren't the same? Of course they're the same. Why wouldn't an animal feel the same way we do? Of course, they do.
MONTGOMERY: And the idea that animals don't think is insane. I mean they don't think about their shopping lists. They don't think about what they're going to wear tomorrow, but they think. And anthropomorphism is one of those bugabears that we take on also in the book and in our columns and in our other work. The idea that, when you talk about an animal having thoughts and feelings, that this is anthropomorphic, well, that's ridiculous. Of course they have thoughts and feelings. A much worse mistake is to think that they don't have thoughts and feelings.
It's easy to make a mistake and even with a human being attribute your own thoughts and feelings to them. All of us have bought a birthday present for someone that didn't go over. All of us have asked someone out on a date that didn't want to go. And that happens with animals too. One of the essays is about this, in fact, that people can make mistakes like the veterinarian who thought that the Tasmanian Devil was so calm, it was yawning. Well, then it bit her. It was a gape threat, it wasn't a yawn. But you know you can make that mistake, but a much bigger mistake is to think that they don't have thoughts and feelings.
THOMAS: There's a new word in the English language, and it was invented by...He's a famous scientist. He's a biologist and primatologist, Frans de Waal. He invented the word "anthropodenial" which is the opposite of anthropomorphism, and it means presenting an animal as if it did not have human characteristics.
CURWOOD: Now, I think Sy wrote this essay, about going to see a sort of a dog circus.
MONTGOMERY: Oh, yes, we went together. Liz wrote that, but I took her.
MONTGOMERY: That was...what was it? It was some kind of celebration. It was so much fun.
THOMAS: It was fabulous, and what we saw! All the dogs in the show, they did things you've never seen a dog or a person or anything do before.
THOMAS: Well, one dog jumped up, a little dog, jumped up on his owner/trainer's hand and stood on her front legs on his hand with her hind legs in the air, and he lifted it up like that, and she - I reached my arm way up in the sky -- He lifted his arm way up and she retained the pose and came down. I mean a person couldn't do that. I mean a person can't do a lot of things. That's no comparison. But they would be trembling with excitement, and then they'd be called to do something, and they would rush off and do it, and they loved it.
All of these dogs were strays or abandoned or from shelters or they found on the street wandering homeless, dogs that somebody else thought was worthless and tossed them, and these dogs were phenomenal what they were able to do. So, this is what people toss when they get rid of their pets.
MONTGOMERY: Some people think like, "Oh, you know, training a dog is just forcing it to do some horrible thing that…" No, they love having something to do, as do a lot of animals. They'd rather have something to do than nothing to do.
THOMAS: And people are the same, so there we are.
MONTGOMERY: And they love our company, and in fact, Thurber, our dog, is taking - I kind of hate to admit this because I purposely did not have children - but he's taking dance lessons right now.
THOMAS: [LAUGHS] My dogs are learning not to pee in the house.
MONTGOMERY: Snowball, the Dancing Cockatoo!
CURWOOD: So, describe this for me.
MONTGOMERY: Well, I actually found out about Snowball the Dancing Cockatoo on YouTube. He was an unwanted bird. He was dropped off at this parrot rescue facility in Indiana, and he came with a CD. And when he was dropped off, the fellow told Irena Schulz, you should play that and see what happens. Well, she had a lot of birds to take care of, so she didn't get a chance to do it right away, but when she did, she put it on. It was by the Backstreet Boys, it was one of their really great rockin' songs.
MONTGOMERY: Well, the Cockatoo starts rockin' out. His crest is rising. His wings are spreading. His tail feathers spreading. His feet are going up and down, and he's doing it to the beat of the music. He's also calling out.
MONTGOMERY: She makes a video of this, puts it on YouTube. It went viral. Well, turns out, this was the beginning of an important discovery about abilities that parrots have.
MONTGOMERY: They have an ability that was previously thought to belong only to so-called higher minds like ours, and that is called "beat perception and synchronization." They can anticipate the next beat, even though, for you and me, we unconsciously tap our feet to the beat, but other animals apparently can't do this, but parrots can, and it's probably associated with vocal learning.
So, I, of course, had to see this. I had to write about it, and I spent one of my birthdays with Snowball rocking out to the tunes of my choice.
MONTGOMERY: A researcher named Ani Patel did a project on this. He had written a wonderful book on music and the brain, and he also saw this YouTube video and worked with Irena Schulz to produce, actually several papers now. He found that lots of parrots can do this, and some other birds can do it, and it only works with certain tempi.
CURWOOD: You know, correct me if I'm wrong, but I think at some point in your book you say that rats like music.
MONTGOMERY: Yes, rats do like music.
CURWOOD: What kind of music?
MONTGOMERY: Well, you know I don't think this has been as systematically tested, but rats are very like us in many ways. Rats laugh. If you record it and then speed it up or slow it down, you can hear them laughing, and they laugh when they're tickled, just like we do. And these are animals that everybody thinks of as vermin, and yet they are so like us. They enjoy the same kind of stuff that we do.
THOMAS: Well, we use rats, we use mice for experiments that we think will help our bodies, so we may think we're nothing like them, but of course we really are, biologically speaking, just physically speaking.
MONTGOMERY: And we can sometimes get to animals' thoughts, and rats are one of the species that we can sometimes almost literally see their thoughts. When they run a maze, you can see what their brainwaves are doing as they come to different parts of the maze. And recently there was an experiment looking at what their brainwaves looked like when rats were dreaming. And they could see the brainwaves were exactly the same as when the rats were running the maze. The rats were dreaming about their work, just like we dream about our days and our work.
CURWOOD: In the book, there was, well, kind of this theme of animals with bad reputations among certain humans. How conscious was that decision, do you think?
MONTGOMERY: I think we, we really did want to rehabilitate some of these reputations for animals because, if you remove a bad reputation, you can begin to appreciate the creature for what it is. Rats are one example. Great white sharks. Octopuses even. Octopuses were thought of as these horrible monsters that Victor Hugo certainly didn't do them any good in the PR department, but they're not at all. It's just preconceived notions, and it's fun to knock those down and instead welcome people into the company of these great animals and appreciate them for what they really are.
THOMAS: Yeah, and there are ways of looking at it. I was thinking of, I think, it's in one of the essays. If you see a fly or something like that, you swat it.
CURWOOD: Even as Elizabeth Marshall Thomas makes her point, it's clear that any stray insect or tick in Sy Montgomery's expansive yard is likely to be gobbled up by an ever-present flock.
THOMAS: If an eagle, a magnificent eagle, was the size of a fly, you would swat it.
CURWOOD: Now, these ladies they're are two-legged, and they have these red combs. They're chickens. They're coming towards us. Someplace in this book you say that chickens actually name people, or they seem to.
MONTGOMERY: Yeah, this was not my discovery. This was my friend and colleague Melissa Cowie's discovery. She's the author of a kid's guide to keeping chickens, which is how I met her.
Well, she was out with her hens one morning, just throwing scratch, and noticed that one of her chickens, a six-year-old named Oyster was using a different voice than usual, and she knows what her chickens are saying. She's decoded quite a number of different vocalizations, like, "Oh I've just laid an egg", or "Hi, how are you?", or "Oh my God, there's a hawk over there!" They have lots of different things that we know what they say. But there was this one vocalization that she'd never heard before, and soon everyone in the coop was using it, and they just used it when Melissa walked into the coop. Well, we figured out that that was the name the chickens had devised for her.
And this happens with a lot of animals. They have specific names for specific events, specific predators, or maybe even specific people, and the fact that a regular person, just paying attention to the chickens in her backyard, made this huge discovery about the intelligence of an animal that so many of us think of as ordinary, just shows us how splendid and exciting this world is, no matter what animal or plant or landscape you set your eyes on. There's just so much out there to be revealed.
And, even though this is just a book of essays that we loved writing, it's part of a growing assemblage of writing from people who are really, I think, believing that we can build a more compassionate world. You alter your behavior, once you realize that this chicken loves her life. She doesn't particularly want to have her head chopped off and her flesh eaten, and, you know, the ocean which is full of octopuses and sharks and fish, we can't be dumping pollutants and garbage and plastics into it, if these individual lives are going to suffer. We can't continue to alter the climate of our world if we realize it's full of lives just as wondrous as our own.
CURWOOD: Sy Montgomery and Elizabeth Marshall Thomas are co-authors of Tamed and Untamed: Close Encounters of the Animal Kind. Thank you both for spending this time with us.
THOMAS: Oh, thank you so much for having us.
MONTGOMERY: We're so glad that you came.
CURWOOD: Next time on Living on Earth, damage to tropical forests is making global warming worse.
BACCINI: The threats are mainly anthropogenic. The first one is deforestation, but for the first time we were able to quantify the losses due also to degradation and disturbance.
CURWOOD: How the tropics went from soaking up carbon to releasing it. That's next time, on Living on Earth.
CURWOOD: We leave you this week with a chuckling bark.
CURWOOD: These white-tailed prairie dogs may be laughing at producer Jeff Rice in DeseretRanch in northern Utah as he's recording their calls with a large parabolic microphone.
CURWOOD: But their well-being may not be a laughing matter. These prairie dogs have lost much of their original range, due to drought and expanded grazing, but the Fish and Wildlife Service reckons they are still plentiful enough not to need Endangered Species listing.
CURWOOD: Jeff Rice recorded these rodents for the University of Utah Marriott Library, westernsoundscape.org.
CURWOOD: Living on Earth is produced by the World Media Foundation. Our crew includes Naomi Arenberg, Bobby Bascomb, Savannah Christiansen, Jenni Doering, Noble Ingram, Jaime Kaiser, Don Lyman, Helen Palmer, Olivia Reardon, Adelaide Chen, and Jolanda Omari. Tom Tiger engineered our show, with help from John Jessoe and Jake Rego. Alison Lirish Dean composed our themes. You can find us anytime at LOE.org - and like us, please, on our Facebook page - it's PRI's Living on Earth. And we tweet from @LivingonEarth. I'm Steve Curwood. Thanks for listening.
ANNOUNCER1: Funding for Living on Earth comes you, our listeners, and from the University of Massachusetts, Boston, in association with its School for the Environment, developing the next generation of environmental leaders. And from the Grantham Foundation for the protection of the environment, supporting strategic communications and collaboration in solving the world's most pressing environmental problems. Support also comes from the Energy Foundation, serving the public interest by helping to build a strong, clean, energy economy, from Carl and Judy Ferenbach of Boston, Massachusetts and from SolarCity, America's solar power provider. SolarCity is dedicated to revolutionizing the way energy is delivered by giving customers a renewable alternative to fossil fuels. Information at 888-997-1703. That's 888-997-1703.


text:
Engineering Construction Industry Training Board (ECITB)
Engineering Construction Industry Training Board (ECITB)/
Dungeness Apprentice wins Award
Wed, Mar 13, 2013 13:15 CET
ECITB announces Regional Apprentice of the Year
Jeremy Hall, a Babcock International Group apprentice working at Dungeness B Power Station has come out tops in the Engineering Construction Industry Training Board's (ECITB), Apprentice of the Year competition. Jeremy who recently completed an apprenticeship in Mechanical Maintenance has been selected by the ECITB as its South East & East Regional Apprentice of the Year. Jeremy has now been put forward to ECITB's National Apprentice of the Year competition, which will be announced at an awards ceremony in London in April.
Jeremy was nominated for the award by his employer Babcock International. "Having such an inspirational apprentice and now technician on our workforce has been of great benefit to Babcock, not just because of the benefits his skills bring to the implementation of our projects but to the benefits individuals such as he have on our company profile," said William Mckie, Babcock International.
"The option to take on an advanced modern apprenticeship at the age of 25 was an amazing opportunity for me, and only made possible by the foresight of the ECITB and Babcock. They put their trust in my performance and I made sure that I gave it my best to repay their confidence through every stage of my apprenticeship and continuing higher education. Gaining this award has given me the best possible closure for my apprenticeship and has left me feeling driven and confident about my future," said Jeremy.
Phil Jefferies, ECITB Regional Account Manager, South East & East said: " Jeremy is a great example of how an apprentice can benefit a business. An older recruit into the apprenticeship scheme, he is obviously very well valued by his employer and his work team and is inspiring to his fellow apprentices.
"The engineering construction industry is in a position to be able to offer exciting and well paid careers to young people. Our latest manpower forecasts predict a 30 per cent growth over the next ten years with 60,000 more skilled workers needed across all our sectors. It is vital to the future of engineering construction in this country that we raise awareness of the industry and the available careers, with young people," said ECITB's Regional Account Manager.
An ECITB apprenticeship is available in 15 different disciplines: - Design & Draughting; Electrical Maintenance; Instrumentation & Control Maintenance; Electrical Installation; Mechanical Maintenance; Mechanical Fitting; Instrument Pipefitting (Small Bore Tubing); Non Destructive Testing; Plating; Pipefitting; Steel Erecting; Project Control; Welding; and Moving Loads.
The career opportunities are numerous. There are currently some 100,000 UK workers in the engineering construction industry in more than 170 different roles. There are good career prospects for all these roles and salaries compare very favourably with other industries.
For example, the minimum starting salary, once a young person has qualified as an electrician or welder is between £23- £28K while offshore workers such as riggers can command salaries of between £28- 30K. Starting salaries for engineers, including design, project, welding, electrical, mechanical and instrumentation are between £30-£40K. These figures don't include career progression and don't even include overtime.
"An ECITB sponsored apprenticeship is the best start in the business you can have," said Phil Jefferies. "Our apprenticeships last between three and four years and from the start, the apprentice is employed by one of our companies. In addition, the apprenticeships have been developed in consultation with our industry's employers, which means the company the apprentice is training with, knows they need an employee with the skills the young person is learning."
The next generation of engineering construction workers will play a key role in shaping the future world. Currently, this skilled workforce are working in the nuclear industry; they are also at the forefront in developing renewable energy resources and have played a key role in oil and gas production in the North Sea. Engineering construction workers can also be found in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry where they have designed, constructed and maintained manufacturing plants. In fact there is very little in this modern world that doesn't rely on the skills and imaginations of engineering construction workers.
ulrika.meegolla@ecitb.org.uk
About the Engineering Construction Industry Training Board
The ECITB is the statutory and charitable body set up to secure engineering construction skills now and for the future. It has delivered training successfully to over one million learners over 20 years, and is led and funded by employers from the industry, ensuring the services are relevant and fit for purposeThe ECITB provides professional advice, information, skills development and qualifications to help individuals in engineering construction and anyone interested in a career in the industry to succeed. A dedicated website has been set up to provide more detailed information http://careers.ecitb.org.uk/ The ECITB sets a range of occupational and training standards, awards industry specific qualifications and invests £20 million each year in support of apprentices and adult learners across a range of skills. From entry level craft and technician programmes through to advanced engineering project management skills. In 2011, 65,000 people were supported through the ECITB's range of approved programmes delivered by a network of over 200 approved providers. The ECITB strategy is built on three objectives, these are to attract, qualify and develop talented people for the industry. The ECITB operating processes that secure the depth, breadth and quality of service are: employer engagement, identification of skills needs and priorities, stakeholder and provider engagement, delivery and continuous improvement. The ECITB provides support to employers, their employees and apprentices to design, build, maintain and decommission nuclear, power, pharmaceutical, renewables, chemicals, food, water, oil & gas facilities and other processes.
For more information visit www.ecitb.org.uk
National Apprenticeship Week Apprenticeships apprentice skilled workers ECITB Engineering Construction Industry Training Board training and qualifications

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Q: PHP slice off numbers after 4 non zero numbers in decimal What I am trying to do is :
0.000000023455676554434 -> 0.0000002345
0.00000000000000000000002656565-> 0.00000000000000000000002656
0.012345 -> 0.01234

Code till now :
bcdiv(rtrim(sprintf('%.20f', $decimal), '0'),1,13);

The current code removes scientific notation, and trims any zeros towards the end if any, and cuts the decimals after 13 decimal points. but if the decimal is something like 0.023123123235435346 it would still show 13 decimal points while I am looking to get only 0.02312.
Any help wold be highly appreciated.

A: You can use base 10 log to get the number of zeros between the point and the first digit. This would do what you want:
$decimal = "0.00000000000000000000002656565";
echo bcdiv($decimal, 1, -1*floor(log($decimal, 10))-1+4);

Output: 0.00000000000000000000002656

A: I think preg_replace is also very easy to do. The value should be available as strings and not as float.
$trimValue = preg_replace('~(\d*\.0*[1-9]{4}).*~','$1',$value);

If you want 4 numbers after first non-zero number use this:
$trimValue = preg_replace('~(\d*\.0*[1-9]\d{3}).*~','$1',$value);

A complete test (First variant):
$data = [
  '0.000000023455676554434', // -> 0.0000002345
  '0.00000000000000000000002656565', //-> 0.00000000000000000000002656
  '0.012345', // -> 0.01234
  '0.023123123235435346', //0.02312
  '0.00565',
];

$trimValues = [];
foreach($data as $value){
  $trimValues[] = preg_replace('~(\d*\.0*[1-9]{4}).*~','$1',$value);
}

echo '<pre>';
var_export($trimValues);

Output:
array (
  0 => '0.00000002345',
  1 => '0.00000000000000000000002656',
  2 => '0.01234',
  3 => '0.02312',
  4 => '0.00565',
)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Nantucket Red Tickets by Steven Axelrod is the fourth of his Henry Kennis mystery series. If possible, each of Axelrod's novels is just a wee bit better than the last. I really enjoyed this one as I did the preceding ones.
Nantucket Police Chief Henry Kennis is presented with a deeply buried dead body – or I should be more precise and tell everyone that the body is a desiccated skeleton. Turns out that this was the skeleton of Ted Coddington with a bullet in his head from his partner Jackson Blum's Ruger. In keeping with the Christmas season, Blum is considered a true Scrooge by folk in Nantucket.
While Kennis is trying to discover how and why Coddington ended up in a premature grave, he is also aware of a possible fraud planned in the annual $5,000 Nantucket Red Ticket drawing. And when things couldn't get much worse, his son is accused of cheating in a class at school and his daughter has been pushed out of a high school a capella singing group. Kennis is also trying to come to grips with the fact that he and his lady are going to join families and move in together.
When Kennis thinks that absolutely nothing more could go wrong – of course – it does. There is an opioid epidemic!! Having two teenagers of his own, makes him even more determined to discover who the supplier could be.
However scandal, tragedies and intrigues cannot diminish the pleasure of being back on Nantucket again with another of Axelrod's novels. Nantucket must be a Christmas wonderland. I can't get there but it is almost as good to read about the decorations and preparations for the season.


text:
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Knowing my rights in police interviews
July 23, 2019Sophie LamontAll News, Crime News
I didn't need a solicitor because… …the policeman said I didn't need one …I was innocent and I had nothing to hide …nothing much was going to happen to me anyway AND NOW? And now many people find themselves facing imprisonment or their lives and reputations ruined because they did not realise what could happen...
Proceeds of Crime – when does it all end?
July 16, 2019Ben GreenAll News, Crime News
We have all read newspaper articles reporting that a drug dealer or fraudster made hundreds of thousands from their offending but was ordered to pay back a much smaller amount. That is not always the end of the matter. What are the proceeds of crime? If a defendant is determined to have had...
Hewitts is authorised and regulated by the Solicitors Regulation Authority, SRA No. 51126 · VAT: 258443638
Copyright 2018 Built by Go Limitless


text:
90 per cent of people in Delhi have antibodies against Covid-19, says sero survey
This is the largest serological survey in Delhi so far, officials said
Maroosha Muzaffar
File. A health worker inoculates a man with a dose of the Covaxin vaccine against the Covid-19 coronavirus at a health centre in New Delhi on 21 October 2021
(AFP via Getty Images)
More than 90 per cent of people in India's capital city have developed antibodies against the coronavirus, according to a latest serological survey.
A Delhi government official told the media: "We have found Covid antibodies in more than 90 per cent of the samples collected during the sixth round of the survey." However, the official cautioned that "we cannot say Delhi has achieved herd immunity despite such a high level of seroprevalence."
Experts say this high level of seroprevalence indicates that Delhi might not suffer any devastating Covid waves anytime soon. But it all depends on whether any other variant of the virus emerges in the city, they cautioned.
India witnessed a deadly second Covid wave in April and May this year and hospitals in Delhi faced a severe shortage of oxygen cylinders and ICU beds.
The sixth serological survey was started on 24 September in Delhi. According to government data, a total of 28,000 samples were collected in all 280 wards in the capital.
Heartbreaking video shows peacock refusing to leave its 'partner' after its death
Elderly man caught before getting his 12th Covid shot in India
Man named Kovid goes viral with tweet about encounters during pandemic
The government official told the media that more women in Delhi had Covid-19 antibodies as compared to the men.
In each district in the city, the seropositivity rate is more than 95 per cent, the government announced.
Delhi health minister, Satyendra Jain told reporters: "Those aged below 18 had a seropositivity rate of 88 per cent, while those aged above 18 had a seropositivity rate of 97 to 98 per cent."
This was the largest sero survey conducted in the city so far, Mr Jain said.
The people who have been vaccinated had a seropositivity rate of over 97 per cent, it was reported, while those who have not been inoculated had a seropositivity rate of 90 per cent, Mr Jain said.
The last sero survey was conducted in Delhi way before the second wave hit the country. The fifth round of sero survey was conducted in January and the results showed that only 56.13 per cent of the people in Delhi had developed Covid-19 antibodies.
Meanwhile, the number of Covid-19 cases have remained under 100 in Delhi since August and officials have said that the average positivity rate has stayed below 0.1 per cent.
Earlier this year, in May and April, Delhi recorded around 750,000 cases and 13,000 Covid-19 deaths.
AntibodiesCoronavirusherd immunityDelhiCovid
1/190 per cent of people in Delhi have Covid antibodies, says sero survey
90 per cent of people in Delhi have Covid antibodies, says sero survey
Save 15% on selected sellers using this eBay discount code


Here you go. Looked far better in real life and was almost like new when I got it a few years back.
Awesome pics, looks good in purple, that's given me a few ideas still debating if to strip back the gold C16R I have ?
Was metalic purple with neon decals. Lurvly!
It popped up again on the site not so long ago so might be worth searching for if you want better pictures.
With XT Brakes fitted the last piece of the jigsaw will be the XT Crankset which is being sorted and should be on in the next week or so, Very happy with my Silver C16R, next few weeks will be concentrating on my Gold one. Updates to follow.
this is the one mentioned !
Very nice and very purple, think i may have enough inspiration for my next build, Do you own this now Scarecrow? is that a recent pic?
i do own it now - yes ..... bought it off the site from an ex-member .... picture was taken at the weekend .... before the snow arrived ..... may be selling it if you know of a buyer ?


Chair Lawn Black Cup Holder For Zero Gravity Patio Lounge Pool Beach Side Tray. Eliminating the need to get up from your relaxing position. [Universal Fit]- This cup holder is universal for most zero gravity chair. With it, you can release your hands for other stuffs. Slots with grooves in the bottom for drainage, give your – hands a break. [Easy Setup]- Install on the chair easily, napped onto the chairs with no trouble, and stay pretty well attached. [Sturdy Material]- This chair holder is made of hard plastic, which is sturdy, durable, and absolutely portable side table, ideal for camping, the beach and other outdoor activities. [Upgraded Version]- This upgraded version have more space to set your iPhone 6+, iPad, mug, bottle, snack, book and other things. Material: PP, SizeApproximately 15.2″x9.3″ NOTE! You can cancel an order within 2 hours of paying. After this, the order might not be able to cancel. O BOXES Please use a physical address. International Buyers – Please Note. The item "Chair Lawn Black Cup Holder For Zero Gravity Patio Lounge Pool Beach Side Tray" is in sale since Saturday, April 21, 2018. This item is in the category "Home & Garden\Yard, Garden & Outdoor Living\Patio & Garden Furniture\Patio Chairs, Swings & Benches". The seller is "your*elite*store" and is located in Bronx, New York. This item can be shipped to United States.


text:
layout: page
title: Ready Solutions Dinner
date: 2016-05-24
author: Juan Yoder
tags: weekly links, java
status: published
summary: Ut at condimentum metus, vitae porttitor ipsum. Suspendisse.
banner: images/banner/leisure-02.jpg
booking:
  startDate: 07/21/2018
  endDate: 07/24/2018
  ctyhocn: ABYDRHX
  groupCode: RSD
published: true
---
Curabitur non ultrices diam. Vivamus vitae pharetra odio. Suspendisse commodo eros sit amet libero finibus vehicula. Aenean suscipit libero nec ligula varius blandit. Pellentesque maximus commodo pellentesque. Fusce ac lectus felis. In hac habitasse platea dictumst. Mauris ultricies massa ac libero placerat, et sollicitudin libero congue.

* Fusce iaculis risus fermentum imperdiet pellentesque
* Aenean commodo mauris sit amet enim posuere vulputate
* Suspendisse sed massa sed tellus lacinia congue aliquam at ante
* Phasellus a arcu condimentum, consectetur purus vel, pharetra nisi
* Suspendisse non nisi eu felis scelerisque varius.

Cras pulvinar ipsum sed risus convallis, id placerat ligula sagittis. Vestibulum consectetur hendrerit nisi nec suscipit. Nulla facilisi. Nullam iaculis lacus id bibendum finibus. Aenean fermentum porta leo, vel interdum turpis consectetur eget. Nulla consectetur ullamcorper ex, eget fermentum libero suscipit ac. Integer ut placerat augue, sed imperdiet turpis. Nulla eu nisl mollis, fermentum tellus ut, faucibus ipsum. Mauris tellus arcu, placerat ut elementum ac, dignissim sollicitudin libero. Maecenas aliquam porta diam pretium accumsan. Vivamus a dictum nisl. Mauris metus metus, varius ac elementum efficitur, malesuada at nisi. Nullam varius, libero vel efficitur rhoncus, elit magna placerat ante, quis rutrum est nisi a metus. Sed id dictum sapien.
Nullam pharetra gravida est, eu fermentum turpis viverra eget. Nunc laoreet mauris commodo metus elementum molestie et at lectus. Donec molestie ullamcorper erat vitae mollis. Praesent et augue varius, vulputate augue ac, blandit mauris. Aenean vel nibh velit. Aliquam tincidunt pulvinar lorem, vitae eleifend ligula laoreet eget. Aliquam quis mi nisl. Proin lacinia, diam efficitur malesuada eleifend, elit enim finibus lorem, vel ultrices enim mauris eu nisi. Phasellus quis iaculis ex. Praesent sit amet semper libero, at rutrum lectus. Suspendisse imperdiet fringilla metus ut consequat. Praesent maximus odio id felis interdum, et accumsan ex varius.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


If you are hopping along in order, then you have just arrived from the lovely Sylwia Schreck's blog. I know, it was really hard to leave her creativity! Hopefully I will share something that you enjoy too!
Inside has a little more stamping. I love the geometric look of this one.
Then I did some emboss resist on watercolor paper with gold flowers and leafy stems. I sponged then spritzed Calypso Coral, Peekaboo Peach, and Powder Pink. I added extra Calypso Coral to the flowers with an Aqua-painter.
Look at that lovely floral cluster! Soft Suede, Peekaboo Peach, and Calypso Coral were used here. I used an Aqua-painter to color the flowers and leaves, but had wiped most of the water off before starting. Since I was using Thick Whisper White cardstock, it was able to take a little water.
Last up is this watercolored background with the sentiments stamped in the same colors over the watercolor washes. I created the Happy Birthday shadow with vellum and just offset it from the Peekaboo Peach Happy Birthday.
I used Peekaboo Peach, Flirty Flamingo, and Daffodil Delight this time.
That is all I have for you today. I had intended to make a video about one of these cards... but time slipped away from me. But if you leave comments below telling me which one you would like to see a video of, I can do it!
Well, if you started with Allison, then you have reached the end of the hop. If you started somewhere in the middle, then you still have some hopping to do! Allison is the first stop, and always has something amazing to share.


Human Female Anatomy - Hello there, thanks for visit here and this is a collections about Human Female Anatomy, was posted under Human Anatomy Collections. Just click one of picture to view large image.
Human Female Anatomy Posted by admin on May 7, 2017 at 10:16 pm . If you found any images copyrighted to yours, please contact us and we will remove it. We don't intend to display any copyright protected images.
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text:
Q: JBoss 7.1 doesn't work after installation and configuration JBoss doesn't start
and it shows the following error message after trying to connect:

Server JBoss 7.1 Runtime Server was unable to start within 450 second. if the server requires more time, try increasing the timeout in the server editor

When I increase the timeout, it shows the same error message. I tried to change the server and the host name to '172.0.0.1'
Can anyone help me get past this problem or even guide me to a keyword so I can search?


text:
Hamoir är en kommun i Belgien.   Den ligger i provinsen Liège och regionen Vallonien, i den östra delen av landet,  km sydost om huvudstaden Bryssel. Antalet invånare är .

I omgivningarna runt Hamoir växer i huvudsak blandskog. Runt Hamoir är det ganska tätbefolkat, med  invånare per kvadratkilometer.  Kustklimat råder i trakten. Årsmedeltemperaturen i trakten är  °C. Den varmaste månaden är juli, då medeltemperaturen är  °C, och den kallaste är januari, med  °C.

Källor

Indelningar i Vallonien
Kommuner i provinsen Liège

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Home48.201 Clauses for supply or service contracts.
48.201 Clauses for supply or service contracts.
(b) Value engineering incentive.To provide a value engineering incentive, the contracting officer shall insert the clause at 52.248-1, Value Engineering, in solicitations and contracts except as provided in paragraph (a) of this section (but see paragraph (e)(1) of this section).
(1) If a mandatory value engineering effort is appropriate (i.e.,if the contracting officer considers that substantial savings to the Government may result from a sustained value engineering effort of a specified level), the contracting officer shall use the clause with its AlternateI (but see paragraph (e)(2) of this section).
(1) If both a value engineering incentive and a mandatory program requirement are appropriate, the contracting officer shall use the clause with its AlternateII (but see paragraph (e)(3) of this section).
(2) The contract shall restrict the value engineering program requirement to well-defined areas of performance designated by line item in the contract Schedule. AlternateII applies a value engineering program to the specified areas and a value engineering incentive to the remaining areas of the contract.
(3) AlternateIII and AlternateII if both an incentive and a program requirement are involved.
(f) Architect-engineer contracts.The contracting officer shall insert the clause at 52.248-2, Value Engineering Architect-Engineer, in solicitations and contracts whenever the Government requires and pays for a specific value engineering effort in architect-engineer contracts. The clause at 52.248-1, Value Engineering, shall not be used in solicitations and contracts for architect-engineer services.


text:
Q: Rewriting .click on an element once used in jQuery The question is: how can I make it so that every time openZonePupup() is called, whatever is assigned to the .click function changes on every call because right now it only changes on the first call ofopenZonePupup()
Let me first try and explain what the program does through prose and examples. This is for an online course which is split up into units. once a unit is clicked on a box pops up asking the user if they want to do a lesson or an exercise and then the lesson and exercise button has a function attached, with specific variables related to that lesson or exercise, to it with the .click function.
The problem is that once one unit has been clicked upon and the specific variables in the function applied using the .click function, once this popup has been closed and the user clicks on another unit, it uses the same specific variables from the first time. Maybe looking at my code would help you better:
Popup HTML:

            Lesson
        Exercise

The function called when the link to the unit is clicked on. It applies the name to the popup html and sets the link to the lesson and exercise according to the variables specified, then after it shows the popup:
function openZonePupup(name,juegoID,tipoID,lang,nivel) {
    $("#zoneName").html(name);

    $(".lessonButton").click(function () {
    $('#dialog').jqmHide();
        abrirLeccion(juegoID,nivel);
    });

    $(".exerciseButton").click(function () {
        obreJoc(juegoID, tipoID, name);
        $('#dialog').jqmHide();
    });

    $('#dialog').jqmShow();
}

openZonePopup is called by the text for the unit, for example:
02
14

I hope you understand, if not leave a comment and i'll respond asap, thanks for any help that you can give!

A: As a first step I would try unbinding the click handlers before binding them to the specific values passed by the function.
function openZonePupup(name,juegoID,tipoID,lang,nivel) {
    $("#zoneName").html(name);

    $(".lessonButton").unbind("click").click(function () {
        $('#dialog').jqmHide();
        abrirLeccion(juegoID,nivel);
    });

    $(".exerciseButton").unbind("click").click(function () {
        obreJoc(juegoID, tipoID, name);
        $('#dialog').jqmHide();
    });

    $('#dialog').jqmShow();
}

A: [I think] to answer your question, instead of doing just click and instead of doing unbind then click, you can use jQuery's awesome One function.
function openZonePupup(name,juegoID,tipoID,lang,nivel) {
    $("#zoneName").html(name);

    $(".lessonButton").one('click', function () {
        $('#dialog').jqmHide();
        abrirLeccion(juegoID,nivel);
    });

    $(".exerciseButton").one('click', function () {
        obreJoc(juegoID, tipoID, name);
        $('#dialog').jqmHide();
    });

    $('#dialog').jqmShow();
}


7" x 10", 21 pages, item is very well illustrated throughout, printed entirely in black and white. Describes in detail the construction of Fisher bodies, including timber, steel, glass, hardware and interior fittments, roof, doors, composite wood and steel construction, upholstery and textiles (trim), ventilation system, door locks, window regulators, body bracing and body finish (paint). An exceptional Body by Fisher brochure.


I'm not the best at waiting. Like a lot of people, I value efficiency. I want things to happen when I want them to happen (that seldom works as I hope it will).
The one place where I seem to not mind waiting is in the garden. We didn't actually have much of a winter here; the flowering quince bloomed sporadically from November until now. The hydrangeas leafed out twice and got blown back by freezes. The witch hazel, on the other hand, offered up only about four flowers; I presume it didn't have enough chilling hours to produce a show. But a few plants wait patiently, and I watch them waiting.
Fern fronds are curled tightly.
I love curled fern fronds. The idea that this spiral, like those of pinecones or aloes or many other plants, follow the mathematics of the Fibonacci sequence, fills me with wonder. I take as much delight in staring at this lump in the ground and thinking about the mathematics replicated throughout the natural world, as I do in admiring their feathery green fronds after a summer rainstorm.
I have no idea what this plant is. If you know, please comment.
I acquired this mystery houseplant (yes, yes, it's not in the garden, technically….) from a friend on a gardening listserv in my area. She didn't know its name, either. It replicates itself by forming babies on the periphery of the leaves, then the main stem of the plant falls over and dies and the babies root. In the background of the photo, you can see the withering stem of its sister who already reproduced and shuffled off her mortal coil. I'm waiting every day for the big one to do the same. I feel slightly vicious, anticipating this plant's death (it never did anything to me other than please me), but it's exciting, a bit like watching a tree fall in slow-motion.
Primula vulgaris, grown from seed.
I have been waiting for this nickel-sized bloom for two years. I love primulas but never had success growing them from seed. Most instructions advise sowing the seed directly in the garden in early spring.
Following those instructions got me nowhere. Two years ago, I learned to sow the seed in August, in a pot outdoors, and let it overwinter exposed more or less to the elements. I kept mine in a cold frame whose windows are a bit leaky, particularly when I forget from time to time to close them.
Success! I transplanted about a dozen seedlings and kept them watered particularly through the hot summers. A few weeks ago, I saw the first tiny little bud. I squealed like a toddler and frightened the dog.
I tell you, I am absurdly proud of this tiny little flower. I hope its siblings will bloom soon. But if not, that's okay, too. I will wait.
It's time to tackle a new spot in the garden. Actually, I have two areas that need reforming, but I'll get to the second, and larger, area another time.
Here is the wasteland between the rain garden and the property-line fence.
The excuse I offer as to why I haven't done anything with this spot is that it's an easement for the power company. Of course, if you take a look at the post oak that's sitting in the top of the photo, in the middle of the easement, you'll see how often the power company makes use of it.
The space is 10 feet wide from the fence to the bricks that line the back of the rain garden. It's time to do something here.
We've had 10 inches of rain over the past week, and rule number 1 of gardening is to never work the soil when it's wet. A footnote to that rule, however, states that gardening in wet soil is permissible if one has been shut in the house with two bored children for a week, going steadily mad.
Using a garden hose, I laid out an outline of the path and bed. The path will echo the curve of the back of the rain garden, and the bed will be everything that's not path. I used a scrap piece of lumber, about 4′ long, to help guide the hose and ensure the path's width is even along its length. Then, using a flat-edged shovel, I dug a smooth edge behind the hose.
Compacting the already-tiny pore spaces in my heavy clay is not an optimal way to start off a new garden bed, but working in 3 inches of leftover grit-manure mixture to improve the drainage seems like a reasonable compromise.
I tilled in the mixture only for the first third of the bed, because it was 92 degrees and steamy out, and clouds were on the horizon. I took a soil sample of this area a week ago, so I hope I'll have a response after the holiday weekend. But guess what? I know it's going to be impossibly acid and void of any nutrients, since that's the condition of the rest of the unworked garden, so I sprinkled in a very light mixture of lime and a balanced fertilizer. I'll add more as appropriate when the test comes back.
I still have plenty of salvaged brick lying around. Some bricks have more mortar on them than I want to chip away: The return on the labor involved isn't that high, particularly in the current semitropical conditions. But those bricks are perfect for garden bed edging: Set them so the mortar will be on the planting side, and no one will know.
I dug in the trenched space marking the edge of the bed, and laid the course of bricks. If you look closely, you'll see the bubble in the level is high on the right. That means it's not remotely level.
This isn't surprising; the lot slopes downhill to the north, and the fence runs along the north border of the property. What was surprising was the amount by which I needed to raise the bricks to make them level.
By the way, like many projects, I am doing this one backwards. I should set the pathway first, and save the bed for last. But that's not as much fun, and I have plants I shouldn't have purchased now waiting to get in the ground that's too soggy to be worked.
I leveled the bricks, to each other and to their mates across the way, using a layer of rubble. Then I packed everything firmly in place with lots of sticky mud.
Step 4: Plant those things you couldn't resist buying last week.
When I stopped off at Big Bloomers last week and hauled away three flats of perennials, among them were 2 oakleaf hydrangeas (Hydrangea quercifolia 'Snowflake') and three Japanese beech ferns, Thelypteris decursive-pinnata, which may be semievergreen here. Crouching on a scrap piece of wood to avoid compacting my fluffyish new garden bed, I planted one of the hydrangeas, adding a mulch of chicken grit around the crown to help stave off rotting, two of the ferns, and a handful of seedlings of Iris tectorum that I grew in my winter sowing adventure. I mulched with a layer of shredded leaves on the newly tilled section.
The sun is out today, so perhaps, if we are fortunate, by Sunday the ground will be sufficiently dried out to carry on with the rest of the bed.
Step 4: Put back some of the dirt you took out.
Here's the site 24 hours after the rain stopped.


On Tuesday, July 22, 2003, a canadian trademark registration was filed for Cultures AgExpert by FARM CREDIT CANADA P.O. Box 4320, 1800 Hamilton Street, Regina, SASKATCHEWAN, CANADA S4P4L3. The Canadian IP office has given the trademark application number of 915294. The current status of this trademark filing is Registration published. The correspondent listed for Cultures AgExpert is CHANTAL ST. DENIS of (O'BRIEN TM SERVICES INC), 72 Rue du Marigot , Gatineau, QUEBEC, CANADA J9J0C6 The Cultures AgExpert trademark is filed in the description of .


text:
3D Vascular
Enable Imaging Technologies
Incorporated in 2011, Enable Imaging is a Canadian company focused on the development and commercialization of cardiovascular diagnostic medical devices within the emerging markets. Enable product offerings are divided between clinical services, diagnostic medical imaging, and electrocardiography systems. Our focus is serving our patient needs, and helping our doctors to get the most diagnostic information with the lowest demand of clinical resources.
Central to Enable Imaging product offerings is its Healthchek cloud infrastructure and Enable Clinical Services Infrastructure. Regardless of whether the product stream is vascular imaging (Vasqscan), or our electrocardiography line (AccuHeart); the clinical facing data acquisition hardware and software is designed for ease and throughput. The patient data is then passed through to our cloud data management platform for distribution to our clinical services infrastructure for analysis. The resulting clinical reports are then available to the clinician and/or our patients via the modality that serves them best – web, .pdf, or mobile!
Enable Imaging Canada
Enable Canada is the global headquarters of the Enable family of companies. Located in London, Ontario; this group focuses on technology evaluation and acquisition, business development, and research and development. With a core team of engineers and software developers, Enable Canada takes a system solution approach to device development that begins at the concept stage, progresses through prototype development and bench and clinical validation, to transition the productization stage projects to the engineering, manufacturing, and regulatory group at Enable Imaging Beijing.
Enable Imaging Beijing
Enable Beijing is the manufacturing and customer facing side of the Enable Imaging family of companies. Its three locations in Beijing include our productization and manufacturing center, our clinical services support location, and our Vasqscan Outpatient Medical Clinic.
Beijing Tian Tan Hospital
With its recognition as a world class neuroscience clinical institution, is a premier partner of Enable Imaging. By its clinical and research excellence, and progressive outlook, Tian Tan is model of how good clinical partnership and technology companies can together advance patient outcomes. Founded in 1956, Tian Tan Hospital specializes in neurosurgery and comprehensive stroke mnagmeent. With over 30 clnical departments, 11 adjunct departments, and strong research base; Tian Tan services over 1 million outpatients and 30,000 inpatient admissions per year. Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, with its affiliation to Capital Medical University, is China's leader in stroke prevention, management, and intervention.
Beijing Anzhen Hospital
Beijing Anzhen Hospital is a strategic clinical research partner of Enable Imaging. The hospital was founded in April 1984 with the vision of creating a premier hospital facility in China that could provide a full range of medical services while advancing China's capabilities and technologies in treating heart and lung diseases. With affiliation with Capital Medical University in Beijing, Anzhen Hospital places special focus on cardiac surgery, cardiology, pediatric cardiology & cardiac surgery, vascular surgery, thoracic surgery, respiratory medicine and emergency medicine. Beijing Anzhen Hospital is accredited in China as a grade III, class one hospital; and comprises approximately 2,713 employees, including more than 300 high-ranking or senior professionals, 1,112 beds, and 43 clinical and technical departments.
Ciming Heath Checkup Management Group
Enable Imaging enjoys a strategic commercial relationship with Ciming, a leader in private health checkups in China. Founded by Hu Bo and Han Xiaohong, Ciming is one of the three largest private clinical networks in China. With over 70 outlets and more than 6,000 employees, Ciming provides premium health services to almost over 2 million people per year. Over the past decade, Ciming has become synonymous with excellence in spotting, diagnosing and treating early, as well as holistic and comprehensive private health services.
The University of Western Ontario (Western University)
Established in 1878, Western is on one of Canada's oldest teaching universities. Located in London, Ontario, it is Canada's sixth-largest university and encompasses the full gauntlet of academic subjects. Western, is affiliated with the London Heath Sciences Network of clinical teaching hospitals and a trial ground for new academic clinical discoveries.
CLOSED – JOIN OUR LONDON TEAM – Intermediate Core C++ Software Developer
CLOSED – JOIN OUR LONDON TEAM – Entry Level Software/System Level Test Technologist – seeking organized candidates with passion for 'the details'
CLOSED – JOIN OUR LONDON TEAM – Electrical Engineer – seeking strong talent to expand our ECG monitoring devices
info@enableimagingtech.com
Canadian Headquarters
tel:1-226-377-5162
China Liaison Office
tel:86-180-01310593
copyright © 2015 enable imaging technologies inc.