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The Bell Curve
Charles Murray discussed the book he co-authored, "The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life." The book focuses on human intelligence and the way social problems are affected by it. The other co-author, Richard J. Herrnstein, died shortly before the publication of the book.
Program Air Date: December 4, 1994
BRIAN LAMB, HOST: Charles Murray, co-author of the book "The Bell Curve." Where does that title come from?
CHARLES MURRAY: Erwin Glikes, the editor at Free Press came to us one day and he said, "You know, the whole book is about this distribution and this change. What about "The Bell Curve" as the title?' And Dick Herrnstein and I heard it and it was one of those cases where we said, "Yeah, that's a wonderful title."
LAMB: What's does it mean?
MURRAY: It refers to that picture on the front of the book. It looks like a bell, and it's a phenomenon you see in all kinds of things in nature, whether it's height or weight or, in this case, IQ. Things distribute themselves so that you get most people in the middle and you get few people out on each end and the book is about the people on each end.
LAMB: In almost every article I read about this, there's never an explanation about who Richard Herrnstein is.
MURRAY: Oh, it just ...
LAMB: Who is he?
MURRAY: ... drives me crazy. Richard J. Herrnstein is one of the most important psychologists of his generation and one of the most highly respected psychologists of his generation. In my opinion, 100 years from now, his name will still be well-known, not for this book; it's going to be well-known for this other extremely original research he did. He was at Harvard University and was the holder of the chair that B.F. Skinner used to hold before his death last September.
LAMB: He's not alive?
MURRAY: He was...
LAMB: Well, how did he die?
MURRAY: We had finished the book -- if you look in the acknowledgement page, the date is June 3rd that we dated that, and it was that day that he got a diagnosis of terminal cancer and it had been completely unsuspected before. So he participated fully in the book, everything right through galleys. But he died a week before we saw the first bound copy.
LAMB: How long did he live once he got the diagnosis?
MURRAY: Just three months, June to September. It has, obviously changed ... I mean, I miss Dick in so many ways, partly, I wish he was here to help tell what the book is about, but also -- just that he was a great friend.
LAMB: And how did you meet him?
MURRAY: I met him 10 years ago when "Losing Ground" was just coming out. And Dick came to a conference about "Losing Ground."
LAMB: Wait a minute. Explain what "Losing Ground" is.
MURRAY: "Losing Ground" is a book I wrote about 10 years ago in 1984 about social policy. And when it was published, we had a conference where we gathered together a number of academics of different perspectives to talk about the book, and Dick came there and I met him for the first time then. I liked him a lot. We kept in touch over the years. I got increasingly interested in intelligence, and then in 1989 I had just about decided that I wanted to do a book about intelligence and social policy, but Dick had just published an article in The Atlantic Monthly on demography of fertility rates and I thought, "Gee, I bet Dick Herrnstein is already halfway through this book." Called him up, he said no, he wasn't, but in that phone call he said, "Let's do it together." And it took me about 10 seconds to think this was the best offer I'd been made in years.
LAMB: What's the premise of this? I mean, there are 845 pages here. Is there a way to summarize what this book is about, in your opinion?
MURRAY: I would really like to do it not in the sound bite fashion, because it doesn't lend itself to a sentence. Let me just talk for a minute. First point is, Dick Herrnstein and I came to this book saying, "Look, you have this concept called intelligence -- human intelligence, which has been a pariah in the world of ideas now for 30 years. You know, it's racist artifacts, statistical bungling, the tests don't really measure anything, we don't know how to define intelligence, etc., etc." That's sort of the conventional wisdom as understood by The New York Times.
And then within the profession, among the people who deal in this issue, intelligence is quite well understood. And there's a great deal of scientific consensus about a lot of these issues. So our first objective was to say, "Let's take this extremely important variable, this construct, and look at the way that social problems are affected by it." And we set out on the book with literally that as our objective. You know, people -- we'll get into some of this later -- but one of the allegations about the book is, "Oh, there's this political agenda," and they sort of fit the book to the political agenda. It was exactly the opposite. The simplest way of talking about how this book got written was that Dick Herrnstein and I thought this was utterly fascinating. And we were completely absorbed in looking at American society through this new lens.
Now having said that, Brian, there are a couple of arguments that summarize, in broad strokes, what the book says. The problem exists at the two tails of the distribution, the tails referring to those narrow segments out at each side. At the high end, this nation has undergone a revolution in the last 50 years whereby we have become extremely efficient, first, at sucking up from all around the country, from little towns, everywhere, the very brightest kids and shipping them off to Harvard, Yale, Stanford, Princeton, MIT, etc. -- the elite colleges. Not all of them go there, obviously, but I'll give you an example. Of the kids who score over 700 in the SAT verbals, which is a very high score, something like 31 percent of them go to one of the top 10 elite schools. And that's just an example of what's going on.
Furthermore, you've got all these occupations that are rewarding brains a lot more than they used to. So you're much more efficient at identifying these kids, you're rewarding them much better, they do well in the marketplace and other people don't do well. And they also not only go to the same schools, they're socialized into the same folkways and all the ways in which -- if you sit in Cambridge, Massachusetts, for four years, you were socialized in lots of way. Same with, in a way, with New Haven and the rest. This forms a cognitive elite. (Unintelligible).
LAMB: Can I ask you what the word ...
MURRAY: Sure.
LAMB: ...because it's in the book probably more than any other word -- what does the word "cognitive" mean?
MURRAY: Cognitive refers to thinking. It refers, more specifically -- the thing that people have in mind is a kind of rational cognitive thinking as opposed to emotions or other kinds of things that come out of the brain. We refer to cognitive ability as a somewhat more neutral term than intelligence. But you're talking about the same general issue -- the ability of the human mind to manipulate abstract concepts, to manipulate information, to make calculations, that kind of stuff. So you got the cognitive elite, and a lot of the book is about the ways in which we get very worried about a society in which you have that kind of stratification replacing the old-fashioned socioeconomic stratification. We can talk more about that.
LAMB: Can I ask you what IQ means?
MURRAY: IQ -- intelligence quotient -- is the abbreviation for it. It refers generically to standardized mental tests that try to measure cognitive ability; try to measure the general mental ability to manipulate abstract material.
LAMB: When do you get this test in your life?
MURRAY: You can start giving -- they have different kinds of IQ tests that go down to the age of a few months old. I mean, they have fascinating things they're doing with watching pupil reaction of infants and correlating that later with stuff. That's all very tentative. IQ tests first start to become fairly stable at about age 6. Before that, you can give IQ tests that have some value, but boy, a child can be all over the lot in all those years. After 6, things stabilize. In the old days, I was given IQ tests -- and maybe you're the same general generation I am -- in eighth grade I think, all the kids were taken into a study hall and they were all given a group IQ test, which they never told us the results of.
LAMB: I've known those for ...
MURRAY: They told you your results?
LAMB: Yeah, I don't know why, I just -- I wanted to ask you that. Why do, and I was asking around here people, and some do and some don't. Should we know what our IQ is?
MURRAY: I don't think so.
LAMB: Where does it go -- where does that actual number go?
MURRAY: Into the guidance counselor's folder, and for that matter, into the school's folder in junior high school so that if you score real high that they have, then, a signal that maybe they ought to be pushing you in directions of, you know, more challenging courses. And if you score real low, maybe you need some kinds of special help. And I think that's the way it should be used. I think that the critics of IQ who say that number means too much are right. It means too much when people try to say, "That person has an IQ of 122, therefore ..." about that person. You can't do that.
LAMB: Do you know what your IQ is?
MURRAY: No, I don't. Dick Herrnstein knew and I tried to get him to tell me, and he wouldn't. I would make a guess that it was real high.
LAMB: What is a high IQ?
MURRAY: If 115 is what they think of as -- the mean is 100 -- the average is 100. That's scored that way.
LAMB: How many people in this country have 100 IQ?
MURRAY: Exactly 100?
LAMB: Or thereabouts. Right in that...
MURRAY: I mean, within one or two points? Oh, if I gave you a guess, I'd probably be wrong. You have 50 percent of the population, a cluster between 90 and 110 if memory serves me right. So you've got a great big bunch right there in the middle. Hundred and fifteen is the average IQ of kids who finish college.
LAMB: What's that again?
MURRAY: Kids who -- people who finish a BA.
LAMB: What is it?
MURRAY: Hundred and fifteen, about.
LAMB: Hundred and fifteen.
MURRAY: A hundred and -- that puts you in the top 16 percent of the population; 130 puts you in the top 2 percent of the population; 145 is real, real high.
LAMB: Do you happen to know anybody in history that had real high IQs -- high number?
MURRAY: See, they only have tests that give those kinds of numbers back to the early part of the century, and so, for example, we know John Kennedy's was about 117. You know, he's a smart guy. He wasn't -- he wasn't a genius in an IQ sense.
LAMB: I also saw a reference in a magazine that Muhammad Ali was 78.
MURRAY: Yeah, that's what he tested out on the Armed Forces qualification test.
LAMB: And then the remark was, "Well, he did quite well in life."
MURRAY: Oh, sure. He did. And that says a couple of things, I think. One of them is that IQ is not going to keep you from doing all kinds of things very successfully in life. And you don't have to go to somebody like Muhammad Ali. You know, somebody who has an IQ of 90, which is below average, could very well end up making a whole lot of money by parlaying energy, determination and common sense and charm into a business.
LAMB: Let me read you a quote from Newsweek magazine, and this is all about a cover story about your book. ""The Bell Curve" is the sort of book that educated people will buy and dutifully attempt to read, but about which their primary source of opinion is likely to be the journalist commentaries like this one."
MURRAY: Exactly right.
LAMB: But ...
MURRAY: And it drives me crazy. It would have driven Dick Herrnstein crazy.
LAMB: Why would this fellow -- his name's Wingert, Pat Wingert, I believe; W-I-N-G-E-R-T -- say something like that in this piece?
MURRAY: Because that's what happens with books like this. It is 850 pages long and what happens, even with much shorter books than that, is that the columns come up with a few headlines. And the trouble is, the headlines in this case are absolutely outrageous. I mean, the headlines in this case are, a) "This is a book about race." It is not; b) "Herrnstein and Murray are all hung up on genes." We are not. "Herrnstein and Murray say that you can't do anything to change IQ, therefore we ought to quit trying to help." Not true. But these are the kinds of things which -- you've got that stack over there -- I'd be willing to bet you'd go through the stack -- that's a fair summary of the characterizations of the book in the Op-Ed pages.
LAMB: On the back of your book, a quote from "The Bell Curve." It says, "This book is about differences in intellectual capacity among people in groups and what those differences mean for America's future. The relationships we will be discussing are among the most sensitive in contemporary America, so sensitive, that hardly anyone who writes or talks about them in public, it is not for lack of information, as you will see."
MURRAY: Yes.
LAMB: You knew, then, before you even started this round of interviews that this was going to be sensitive.
MURRAY: Yes. Although, I'm not sure how accurately we understood it. Dick said to me, about a month after we decided to write the book, he said -- you know, both of us had been controversial in the past; I was controversial for "Losing Ground" and Dick Herrnstein was controversial from work he did back in the early 1970s about the heritability of IQ, and had gotten ... at that time, that was a very politically incorrect thing to say -- And Dick said to me, "We're the only two people in America who can write this book because they've already said everything about us that they can think of."
That turned out not to be true, actually. This summer, when Dick and I were talking about what was going to happen this fall -- which was given more poignancy because we were pretty sure Dick wasn't going to be here -- it was a very strange feeling, because we knew that there would be a reaction to the book and we didn't know what it was going to be. The two ends of the extreme, of the continuum were -- on the one hand people would be saying, "Well, it's about time that these two brave men finally have been willing to talk about issues that have been swept under the rug all these years." At the other extreme would be shrill screams that, "These two men are racist and shouldn't be allowed to publish this stuff." We've been a lot closer to this extreme than I think we thought we were going to be.
LAMB: I think it all started with the early October issue of The New York cover.
MURRAY: "The Most Dangerous Conservative." Looks like a serial killer to me.
LAMB: Jason DeParle wrote this.
MURRAY: No, I look like a serial killer ...
LAMB: No, I know, but ...
MURRAY: ... not Jason DeParle.
LAMB: ... he wrote the piece.
MURRAY: Jason DeParle wrote it, that's right.
LAMB: What do you think of what he said about you?
MURRAY: I kept saying to myself what a damn fool Charles Murray is.
LAMB: For what?
MURRAY: Jason followed me around for a long time, spent hours and hours, days and days with me. And it never occurred to me that Jason was going to pick out the 10 or 12 little data points from this huge amount of experience with Charles Murray to make the point he wanted to make.
LAMB: Where did he go with you?
MURRAY: He went first, and the thing that opens the article, first class on an airplane with me to Aspen, Colorado, where it turns out I am this heartless bon vivant who leers at women and sips champagne and talks cooly about the poor while sitting in first class. As it turns out, I was actually doing that on my frequent flier miles and Jason was also up there because of my frequent flier miles. But then once I read the first few paragraphs, I said, "Uh-oh, I'm in trouble," and I was.
LAMB: But didn't -- I mean, you've done this for years.
MURRAY: And I've never been punished like this before. This is why, you know, I I'm an idiot in terms of saying that I should have been smarter. The fact is, for 10 years I have had mostly contact with a critical press -- I mean, a press that doesn't agree with my opinions and I've actually been treated quite fairly. And so it has always been my experience that if you're open and so forth, it works out OK.
What I have found out this fall, and I'm not going to talk about this much more because all at once I can hear how I'm beginning to sound like a whiner. The rules are suspended for this book. I mean, what Dick Herrnstein and I have written is so awful in some people's opinion that anything goes in terms of what you can say -- things about the book that aren't true, you can make allegations about the authors that aren't true, but it's all doing the Lord's work because these guys are saying such awful things. That's my view of it right now.
LAMB: I do, though, want to ask you -- you say that you were up there in first class. As he opens he's got you drinking champagne and then having Chablis and then red wine or something like this.
MURRAY: Going to a wonderful dinner party, yeah.
LAMB: But how would he be up there in first class with your frequent flier miles?
MURRAY: Because he wanted to talk to me on the trip out and I'd used my frequent fliers to bump myself up and so I bumped him up, too, so we'd have a chance to talk.
LAMB: Did you ever talk to him about this piece after it came out?
MURRAY: No. I have had no communication with Jason, and I think that we had best go our separate ways in life.
LAMB: What kind of marks do you give the press, the media, television, magazines, newspapers, columnists after -- you know -- and you've been through this now for a couple of months?
MURRAY: There are -- it's a mixed bag. In the same Newsweek that you picked up there is an article about Geoff Cowley, about the current state of knowledge, about IQ, which is, I think, wonderful. It's not so much about the book as it is, sort of, I think, beginning a very straightforward statement of what we know. There have been various articles that I felt -- the news articles have been much better than the Op-Ed pieces. The Op-Ed pieces -- I think this book is a Rorschach test. That's my latest take on what's going on here. I'll give you an example. In this Newsweek article -- one of the other articles in Newsweek besides Geoff Cowley's, this book is called an angry book, and it's talked about as this political polemic. It's not an angry book, and the proof of that, I would ask people even who don't want to buy it, but when you're in a bookstore, pick it up, leaf through a few pages and read to see the tone, and see if you can find anything in this book that's angry. The book is in the Op-Ed pages, I think people are projecting onto the book a lot of their own deepest anxieties and fears, particularly involving race.
LAMB: What's the magic chapter, the one that everybody reads, the one that everybody writes about?
MURRAY: Chapter 13, Ethnic Differences in Cognitive Ability. The numbering was an accident.
LAMB: Did you know that this would be the chapter that everybody'd go to?
MURRAY: In the first page of the chapter, there is a passage that says, in effect, "This is the reason why IQ tests are so controversial -- ethnic differences. The fact that many of you have turned first to this page indicates how sensitive the issue has become." Because we knew that we would have lots of readers who would flip through until they found this chapter. We crafted that chapter. I say that proudly. Dick and I had a very definite intention where we say to the reader, "Look, we are now entering into an area which is the most inflammatory, explosive topic probably in social science. What we are going to do is start at the beginning with the easiest questions, and we are going to progressively work our way into the harder questions, and we are going to tell you everything we know about this topic. For once in your life, you can be confident that the authors have not decided to censor themselves to protect you from information you shouldn't have. On the other hand" -- and this is what we wanted very badly to communicate -- "these two authors are approaching these data with maturity, with thoughtfulness. They know what they're doing technically and you can have confidence in it." I think -- self-serving statement -- I think we succeeded.
LAMB: You know, you can start at either end of this spectrum, but the various things that you bring up that are criticized are all the way at one end -- that Jews are the smartest people in the world or that Asians are the smartest people in the world, rather than -- and I'm looking at the page where you have a little box around it and it says, "Are Jews really smarter than anyone else?" Did you think that end of this discussion would be controversial?
MURRAY: I didn't think so, no. It turned out that I was the one who had to put that in, because I said to Dick at one point, "Gee, you know, we really ought to have a little discussion -- because people are always asking about, 'Are Jews really smarter than everybody else?' so let's put a box in there." And Dick himself was Jewish. And he had avoided doing that because he didn't want to sound like he was tooting his own horn. But I thought this was a case of -- it's a question in some people's minds. Why not tell them?
LAMB: Are Jews smarter than anyone else?
MURRAY: Yeah, as a group. This is something that I want everybody listening to be real sure about. We're talking about means; we're talking about distributions. So when I say Jews are smarter than anybody else, what I mean is that the center line going down through that bell curve is further over -- it looks different for Jews than it does for non-Jews, and it's further over to the right. You got huge overlap, so that you've got Jews who aren't very smart and you've got gentiles who are brilliant and they overlap, too, a lot. Are the means different. Nobody's quite sure how different, but everybody agrees quite a bit -- there's somewhere between seven and 15 IQ points separating the means of Ashkenazi Jews and non-Jews.
LAMB: How does that happen?
MURRAY: You can come up with all kinds of theories, but they're only theories. I mean, an obvious one is that over the centuries, that Jews have been viciously persecuted and out of this persecution -- and I'm putting it very crudely here -- but you had to be real smart to survive. But that's only a theory. Who knows?
LAMB: Were they born that way?
MURRAY: Here again, you get into the question of, "Well, are they born that way?" But also look at Jewish households and the way that education is emphasized so much, so that from the very beginning, everybody's expected to become highly educated. And trying to disentangle that gets very, very tough. And Dick Herrnstein and I don't -- certainly don't try to do it for Jews, and we also talk about how difficult it is to try to do it for anybody else.
LAMB: What about Asians as a group?
MURRAY: Asians, as a group -- if I were forced to make a guess, Dick and I said probably the overall IQ is maybe three points higher than Caucasians. There are people who say there's no difference, still. There's a fellow named Harold Stevenson who's a well-known scholar and very good, who says, "No, if you match carefully enough on all kinds of social and demographic variables, you can reduce the difference to zero." He has some good data. Dick and I take a look at the whole body of data and we say, "There's an awful lot which says that there's a higher mean." The big difference between Asians and non-Asians is fascinating, though. It's not just the mean, it's the profile.
In an IQ test, you've got verbal IQ and performance IQ. Performance is also more accurately described as visual-spatial. So if you've got very good visual-spatial skills, you'd probably be a good engineer, you'd have a lot of aptitude for the sciences, you're able to manipulate in three dimensions in your mind. Verbal is what it sounds like, you know? English majors have high verbal skills. It turns out that East Asians have conspicuously elevated visual-spatial skills compared to verbal and -- when you compare them to Caucasians. And this is true in Japan, it's true in China, it's true in Singapore, it's true among Asians who move to the United States, it's true among Korean babies adopted by Belgians at birth. So that's a very marked difference between Asians and non-Asians.
LAMB: Black Americans.
MURRAY: The mean is about, by most standard -- by most tests, it's about 15 points below the white mean. And that has created the huge controversy about IQ tests that persist. Again, take a look at the overlap. I mean, you've got lots and lots of blacks and whites in the same range. You also have tens of thousands of blacks at the very highest levels of IQ, which is another reason that insofar as we treat people as individuals in this society, the black-white difference should not cause a lot of anxiety.
LAMB: As you know, there's been lots of stuff written. We talked about that earlier. I've got some things here, I want to read it back to you and just get your response to it. E.J. Dionne Jr., in The Washington Post writes, "The Herrnstein-Murray book is not a scientific book at all, but a political argument offered by skilled polemicists aimed at defeating egalitarians." Let me stop there.
MURRAY: That is an outrageous statement. Again, the defense is the book itself. The science in "The Bell Curve" is meticulous because we knew that it was going to be attacked, and believe me, we took great pains to be extremely careful about not going out on limbs. But more than that, the science in "The Bell Curve" is very much in the mainstream of psychometrics, which is to say the kinds of things we say do not push the edge of what is known at any point. That kind of statement, and I'm sad to read it from E.J. Dionne because I like a lot of his other work -- that is simply without foundation. It's wrong. It's untrue.
LAMB: Back to Newsweek. Pat Wingate -- Wingert -- excuse me -- writes, "This is frightening stuff" -- this is after he talks about a lot of what your premise is. "It is partly based on an Atlantic Monthly article by Herrnstein, who wrote in 1989, in which he argued that dumb people are outbreeding smart people. The scientific term for such a trend is ..."
MURRAY: Dysgenesis.
LAMB: "...dysgenesis," he said. "Murray and Herrnstein take it very seriously." What's your reaction to "This is frightening stuff"? I mean, were you ever frightened about the material that you wrote about?
MURRAY: Frightened is not the right word. There were lots of things that we wrote about that we didn't have any good answers for. Let's take this dysgenesis as an example, because it illustrates several important points about the book. Dysgenesis refers to the fact that if you have people with low IQs having more babies than people with high IQs, or having them at younger ages, you end up with a downward pressure on what you could call the human capital of the country. And this is the kind of argument that was made by eugenicists in the past and was used as the justification for all kinds of elaborate schemes to encourage smart women to have babies and discourage not-so-smart women from having babies. Dick and I say, "OK, let's look at the data" -- this is chapter 15 if I remember correctly, "We will look now at the data on dysgenesis." And what we say is, "Well, there is downward pressure."
There's been an awful lot of scientific work done on this. That seems to be the fact of the matter. On the other hand, you have things pushing it in the other direction as well -- better nutrition helps, better education helps, a variety of other things. We say, "So the net result is it's not that we're going to be a nation of dummies in another three generations or anything like that, but it is downward pressure." This is something -- this is a kind of scientific finding, and it's good science, which people ought to be aware of. That does not mean that you must, therefore, start advocating eugenic schemes. A great deal of the material in this book is not only not driven by policy considerations, a lot of it is the kind of thing where we say, "Look, in a world of reason to discourse and attempts to understand what's going on, this material should be out in the open." And that's all we say.
LAMB: What was your reaction to all the fuss over this in The New Republic?
MURRAY: The New Republic piece, for those who haven't seen it, is a long -- very long excerpt from the book, plus new material that Dick and I prepared about race. And what was it -- 13, 15, sev -- 19? -- a whole bunch of commentaries. The first reaction is that Andrew Sullivan, who is the editor, and Marty Peretz, who is the publisher, are brave men. They were under enormous pressure not to do this. Second reaction is, that the pieces proceeding ours, all of these reactions, are mostly hysterical. There is lots of name calling, lots of slipshod statements, lots of -- well, I felt that we actually probably came out pretty good in The New Republic, because if people read the reactions with all of their characterizations of us, and then came to our article, which I think is rather calm and reasoned, that's to our advantage.
LAMB: Mickey Kaus, in that writing in the TRB column in that issue, which is dated October the 31st wrote this. "The dishonest book he has co-authored and the even more disingenuous article this magazine has now published, reveal that he is not" -- and earlier they said, "Murray is a reliable guide when it comes to exploring this possibility." I'm mixing all this up.
MURRAY: Yeah, I know.
LAMB: I wanted to, basically, pass on to you and get your response to Mickey Kaus calling this a dishonest book.
MURRAY: Brian, I am -- you know, you can only go so far in saying to people, "Go out and read the book," because you know that a lot of people simply aren't going to do it.
LAMB: Although, the last time I checked and it was -- when this runs it'll be a couple weeks later -- but it was, like, four on the best-seller list of the Publisher's Weekly.
MURRAY: It's selling a lot of copies. However, I'm trying to say say -- "What do you say to a viewer who is not going to read the book and they hear that kind of allegation?" Not only -- as long as we're talking, this is an allegation by a man who knows me.
LAMB: How well?
MURRAY: Not a social friend, but we certainly encountered each other a lot, discussed each other a lot. He's read my work in the past. Knowing that it is not a dishonest book, knowing that, indeed, Dick Herrnstein and I went to enormous pains to make it as transparently honest as we could, I ask myself, "What is Mickey Kaus thinking when we writes those sentences? Does he really believe them?" And here is just -- it's an interesting experience to be an author of this kind of book, because I've not been in this situation before. A lot of your assumptions about human relationships are thrown off track by reactions like that. You don't really want to believe that Mickey Kaus wrote those sentences saying, "I know I'm lying, but I'm doing the Lord's work." You also don't want to think that Mickey Kaus read the book and actually, somehow, came away with that impression. So you ask what my reaction is? I'm befuddled by it. I don't know what to make of it.
LAMB: Here's another quote from another article. I think this was in The Washington Times and it's from a Roman Catholic priest by the name of Richard John Neuhaus, editor of the religion journal First Things. Do you know him?
MURRAY: Yeah.
LAMB: He says, "Are we supposed to sit around and mourn the fact that blacks aren't as smart as whites and there's nothing we can do about it?" Father Neuhaus asks. "That's a dumb question and an inflammatory question, and there are very good reasons for not having it."
MURRAY: And it bears no relation to anything we said in the book. Look, not only do we not say that we'll have to sit around and mourn this, we go to great lengths -- notice we're talking about race more than we probably should relative to what's in the book -- but we say very explicitly, "You can face all the facts on ethnic differences and IQ and not run screaming from the room." And that's a direct quote form the book. What we mean by that is that a lot of people's fears out there about what all this means are simply not true. Don't know where else to take the statement with that.
LAMB: It's on the best-seller list. It has been. And I noticed -- I just wrote some things down. There are 110 pages of appendices, there are 108 pages of notes -- source notes, there are 12 pages of index, there are 845 pages total, there are 94 illustrations and 14 tables.
MURRAY: Obviously calculated to be a best seller.
LAMB: I mean, are you -- it's a $30 book.
LAMB: Are you surprised?
MURRAY: I'm astonished. I had "Losing Ground" published in '84, which got a lot of ink at that time, an awful lot of press. In its own way, it was a cause celebre, too. It sold a total of 30,000 books in hardback. And Dick and I thought this book would be in that same ballpark. When Free Press had as its initial press run, 50,000 copies, my reaction was, "They're never going to sell all those." So to that extent, this is a big surprise. The good news is that we got secondary reports that people are actually reading the book, and so on the one hand, you have the reactions in the press, which are shrill and, I think extremely inaccurate; on the other hand, as far as we can tell, people who are reading the book are understanding what we mean. They are not upset by it. They don't consider this as a basis for racism. They are focusing on the main themes of the book, which have nothing to do with race and which talk about the ways in which this society is undergoing enormous stress because of what's going on at the two extremes of intelligence.
LAMB: Now when you wrote the book -- and you tell us in the introduction -- you do three things. I mean, you allow three different levels of involvement in this book. For instance -- I mean, I'll hold it up here and you can see it if you want to, you can just read this, the italicized version, which is only several paragraphs leading off every chapter.
LAMB: Why did you do this?
MURRAY: Because the book was just too big to ask people to start at page one and go through to the end without some way of picking and choosing. My wife likes to say that this book is full of stuff and it really is. There's just an awful lot of material in here. So if you go through and you read those chapter summaries first, you can get an idea of which kinds of topics interest you. And there's a vast array of topics. I mean, you're talking -- we have long discussions of education. We have long discussions of how occupations have been changed by IQ. We have discussions of preschool programs. I mean, there's all sorts of stuff. So you can use the summaries to get an overview of where the book is. Then you can read the main text, then we've got boxes which we put in there, which are additional material. You can skip it if you want to, but a lot of it's pretty interesting. And then the specialists, who want to check out the science of this book, have extensive documentation and the notes and the appendices.
LAMB: Where is your home originally?
MURRAY: I grew up in Iowa, Newton, Iowa.
LAMB: Did Mr. DeParle, in The New York Times, go back to Iowa with you?
MURRAY: Yes, he went to Iowa and talks to all sorts of folks.
LAMB: He talked to some people that weren't -- they remembered you differently then you remembered yourself, as I remember.
MURRAY: Yeah, he talked to -- he talked to lots of people. I don't know if you've ever been profiled. It's always an interesting experience. In this case, I think that anybody who tries to figure out what I'm like on the basis of that article is going to have a hard time.
LAMB: That article came out before everything else?
MURRAY: Yeah, it came out -- it was the first thing that came out. It came out at the beginning of October.
LAMB: Was it something that set the pace for everyone else when they read it? I mean, that, the cover copy, `The Most Dangerous Conservative.'
MURRAY: Yeah, it did a couple of things. One is, it helped people forget Richard Herrnstein. You know, when people talk about the science in this book, it's a lot harder to make the claims that they make if they have to say, "By the way, the first listed author in this book is one of the most respected psychologists of his generation, a man who was entrusted by his peers with the editorship of the psychological bulletin," which is sort of the cathedral of psychological journals, and the editorship of which only goes to that person who psychologists are convinced are utterly scrupulous scholars. So in the one sense you had this book then written by "the most dangerous conservative" and you can ignore the fact it's also written by one of the most respected academic psychologists. And the second thing that it did was that it set the stage for thinking about this book as driven by a political agenda. So in that sense, I think that a lot of the coverage that followed found it very easy to piggyback on those themes.
LAMB: Mr. DeParle wrote this. "Though much of official Washington regards him as a menace, Murray's influence is still on the rise both as the enemy of the social programs and the champion of the two-parent family."
MURRAY: I would say that any statement that my political influence on the rise is outdated.
LAMB: Outdated by what, this article?
MURRAY: Outdated by the book. I would -- point number one is, if you look at my career, I have not sought political influence; point number two is, you could not write this book and expect to retain any. I said to some of my friends who are in politics -- over the summer, I said, "Well, you've got about another two months that you can still admit that you know me," because Dick and I knew that once this book came out, it would be absolute poison for any politician to say, "Oh, yes, Charlie Murray's a buddy of mine."
LAMB: Would you do this over again?
MURRAY: Oh, sure. In fact, point number one is, this book was the peak professional experience of my life. The collaboration with Dick Herrnstein was something that should be celebrated in story and song. It was a wonderful collaboration.
LAMB: How did you split the writing in the book?
MURRAY: We had a two-person computer network. He's in Cambridge, I'm in my hometown, the place I live, which is in western Maryland. And we would pass draft back and forth. Each of us would start at different chapters, so they represent, initially, one of our drafts. But instead of commenting on each other's draft, we would simply change it. So Dick would send me a draft; I would simply rewrite it in the way I wanted to, send it back to Dick, Dick would then see the changes I'd made and if he didn't like them he'd put back stuff that was originally there. But we'd keep passing them back and forth until, by the end, I found it very hard to remember which sentences are whose in the final version.
But beyond that, it was this -- you have to know Dick Herrnstein to know how wonderful it is, because any time you were talking about any issue involving data -- oh, Mickey Kaus, you should have overheard those conversations. You talk to Dick about things and here's this encyclopedic knowledge and then anytime you start to push the data too hard, anytime we had a finding which was out on the edge in any way, Dick would say, "Well, you know, I don't like to make the data say anything that they do not happily give up." And so the conversation would go back and forth, pruning and cutting to make sure that we got it right. And it was just wonderful fun. It was. I'm immensely proud of this book, and I'd do it again in a shot.
LAMB: Do you have any idea, when it's all over, how many actual books it'll -- guess how many it will sell?
MURRAY: Oh, I don't know. I don't even know if we're going to sell the ones that are in print.
LAMB: How many did they print, first off?
MURRAY: They started out with 50,000 and I think, as we talk, they're up to 300,000. But, of course, those aren't all sold. They're being distributed. I think with this book, you will see an enormous change in perception of it over the course of the next couple of years, because the book that actually exists is so radically different from the book that has been portrayed. The word is going to get out -- I also assume that there is going to be a second wave of people who say, "Actually, the book is quite different than it's been portrayed." But a couple of years from now, it'll be seen much differently than it is now.
LAMB: One of the gentleman that has appeared on shows with you is a black doctor by the name of Alvin Poussaint of the Harvard Medical School. And I'm looking at a Washington Post article in which he says, "It's hurtful. For the next month there's going to be newspaper articles, television shows. What black child or black person wants to hear people arguing their genetic inferiority?"
MURRAY: Well, they won't hear me arguing it. We didn't in the book and we aren't going to argue it -- I've argued against that kind of thing every time I've appeared.
LAMB: Why are people like Alvin Poussaint taking it that way then, in your opinion?
MURRAY: If we were rewriting that chapter, I don't know what we'd write differently to keep them from doing it. It's not just that we say things clearly, we put some of these things in italics, you know. Sometimes we will call the reader's attention to it saying, "We want to emphasize the following," then we put it in italics, then repeat it again -- such things as the difference in blacks and between blacks and whites -- a) nobody knows the extent to which it's environmental vs. genetic, and b) it doesn't make much difference. And we emphasize it again and again.
LAMB: When you went about talking about this on programs, would they insist that there be somebody there with you of another point of view?
MURRAY: Usually. There have been a couple where that's not been the case. As far as I'm concerned, my main consideration now is that I have a chance to talk in long chunks of time without anybody editing it, because I've had some really unhappy experiences with what happens when people can edit.
LAMB: Do you have a rule that you now have if somebody calls and says ...
MURRAY: I just simply won't do anything where they're going to edit it, you know. If you want to talk to me, fine, we can talk like this. However, Brian, I want to -- I don't know how long we've been talking now, but I would imagine that two-thirds of it's been talking about the race issue at this point. And I think that somehow we've got to get away from that, not just because race is not -- it's a very small part of the book, tucked away in the middle, but I think it lets people off the hook too easily. The problems that we're talking about, Dick and I, that involve low intelligence, we analyze with regard to whites. And when we talk about the future and the ways in which the underclass is going to grow, we're talking about whites. And somehow that's got to get out.
LAMB: So if it gets out, then what happens?
MURRAY: The critics are right in one respect when they talk about this book having political implications. It's not that it has political implications for next year's Congress, but it does fundamentally challenge what I think is a kind of flacid, lazy thinking that's gone on for 30 years on the part of both the left and the right -- that human beings are malleable and all you have to do is get the political structure right and everybody's going to go out and be successful.
On the left, this has been done -- this has been said in terms of, "Oh, if you want to get people the right opportunities and provide them with sufficient training programs and provide them with the right social services they'll do OK." But on the right, you also have people saying, "Oh, if only we'd get a sufficient number of enterprise zones and tax incentives and this, that and the other thing, you'll also get rid of all sorts of problems." Until 30 years ago, nobody really thought that way, because people took for granted that a lot of what goes on in human life is determined by what people bring to the table, not just intelligence, but their energy and other personal qualities, and that there were limits to what can be done to make everybody equal, whether it's by a rising tide raising all boats from the conservative point of view, or whether it's egalitarianism from the liberal point of view.
Dick Herrnstein and I are saying in some very large sense, "It's time to get serious." If you want to have a successful society, it's got to be a society that is constructed so that people of a very wide range of abilities, including a whole bunch who are never going to be real successful in monetary terms or others -- ordinary measures of success, it has to be a society where people of these widely ranging abilities can live together harmoniously and where people who are on the low end of the distribution, by the luck of the draw, can, nonetheless, live satisfying lives. That is a fundamental challenge to the prevailing way of wanting to think about social policy for 30 years, and insofar as this book is taken seriously, it does indeed have political implications.
LAMB: Take what you know from your book, and all of a sudden somebody makes you the czar in this country to do whatever you want to do to improve this society, and to deal with -- and you write about it -- citizenship and crime and poverty and all the subjects that your chapter headings -- welfare dependency. What would you do? What would you do, given what you know about IQ and cognitive ability?
MURRAY: Even though I'm the czar, I'm smart enough to realize that certain things aren't going to work unless there's a broad public acceptance of them. You can't jam things down people's throat. So the first thing I start to do is by giving the states lots more options to run their own affairs than they've had for decades. And I give them these options not because I think that everybody's going to take me up on them right away, but because I'm pretty confident there are certain states out there where people will want to return to, for want of a better word, a Jeffersonian model. And by that I mean that they will want to reorganize their political institutions, their educational institutions, law enforcement, criminal justice, their neighborhoods, their social services, on much more decentralized ways than we have right now. And I want to get that process started. The reason I want to get it started is not to cut the federal budget, it is because -- for reasons that Dick and I describe in detail toward the end of the book. We think it's only in that highly decentralized society that you create the kind of places, niches, where folks of a wide range of ability can live satisfying lives.
LAMB: Let's say you ran one of the states, then. I mean, you've got to deal with ...
MURRAY: OK, let's say I'm the czar...
LAMB: You're the czar of the state, you're the governor.
MURRAY: ...I'm the czar of Montana, OK?
LAMB: Yeah. But you can do anything you want to do.
MURRAY: OK. In Montana, then, where I think, probably I'd find a lot of support for this, I would, for example, return control of social services to the individual cities. I would...
LAMB: Let me jump one more step, then here. You're now the czar of the city. I mean, you've ...
MURRAY: Then I'm...
LAMB: And by the way, forget Montana for a moment.
MURRAY: OK.
LAMB: Talk about Chicago...
MURRAY: OK, I'm sorry.
LAMB: ...and you've got a black population of 50 percent.
MURRAY: Now here you've given me a different problem, and the reason you've given me a different problem is because in Chicago, you have a whole lot less latitude right now in what you can do. Let me give you an example. Suppose I'm in Montana, and suppose I say that we are going to end welfare, to take an issue with which I've been identified. I don't think there's any problem with ending welfare in Montana. I think you can end it altogether a year from now, substitute for that all kinds of ways in which you facilitate adoption of children, and ways in which you facilitate other kinds of care of children, but without supporting the mothers that would work.
Suppose we turned over education to a voucher system in Montana, or in other ways, gave parents a lot more control. I think it'd work there. Talk about the south side of Chicago where social and political institutions have been ravaged in the last 30 or 40 years, there you have a much greater potential for social chaos if you try to do things all at once than in Montana. So in a place like Chicago, I think I would start under the principle that you let individuals have as much control over their lives as they want to take. So, for example, let's talk about education. In Chicago, what would I do? I would keep the public schools open, but I would also vastly increase the options for black parents on the South Side of Chicago to say, `No, I want to opt out of the public school system and take a voucher and go send my child to a private school.' So if you have some people who aren't ready to cope with the voucher system, fine. We'll have the public schools for them, but I'll give an option. Similarly, I would give options for a variety of other things where some kinds of neighborhoods might be ready to take on this kind of decentralization and others aren't. I have to say, though, that in all of this, a great deal depends first on changing the public's perception of what is the right thing to do.
LAMB: Let me jump in, though, and ask you about IQ. Let's assume, for a moment, that there are two parents, and the parents' IQ -- each of them have an IQ of 80. What does that say about any child they're going to have, from what you know for the rest of that -- does it pass down through the generations?
MURRAY: The odds are that child will have an IQ a little bit above 80 because of a phenomenon known as regression of the mean, but it'll still be quite low. That's the odds. There will occasionally be an exception, but those are the odds. It also means that those two parents can very possibly -- now here's a tough thing. They can be good parents. There's no reason why two parents with IQs of 80 can't have a warm, nurturing home for their child. It is also true that that child is at statistically much higher risk of certain kinds of problems. The obvious example is an infant with parents with IQs of 80, all right? Every parent who's listening to this show knows that there are times in an infant's life where it helps to be smart. You don't have to be a genius, but you have to know that the diarrhea has gone on for 36 hours now; this isn't just normal diarrhea; I really ought to get this baby to a doctor. To childproof a home requires thinking ahead and understanding what children could do. All of these things are harder to do if you have an IQ of 80.
LAMB: But -- and we're almost out of time -- you say most people don't know what their IQ is.
MURRAY: Right.
LAMB: Based on what you're saying, should they know? In other words, if IQ ...
MURRAY: No.
LAMB: ... from your studies, means so much about what your ability is, you shouldn't know?
MURRAY: No, because people do attach too much importance to it. I think people should constantly be getting feedback that's accurate about how they're doing. And if they're getting accurate feedback and they're trying to be a cabinet worker and the feedback is, "Boy, you're a terrific cabinet worker," who cares what their IQ score is. I think that knowing that number is harmful to individuals in general, even though for social scientists working with large numbers it's very useful.
LAMB: But again, taking up what Dr. Poussaint would say, that the fact that it's known from this book that 15 percent -- I mean, that on an average, black people have 15 percent lower IQs and they don't know what their IQ is, maybe -- they may be walking around with a genius IQ, and if they knew that it would make them feel good.
MURRAY: Boy, I'll tell you, I don't like to throw around the phrase racist, because I've been hit with it so often, but that's kind of a racist statement. Children see themselves as part of a complex world, but most of all, as we're growing up as children, we look and see how we're doing. The responsibility of society is not to say, "Oh, you're black, you must, therefore, not be smart;" the responsibility of society is to give that child a fair shot to make whatever that child can of what that child brings to the table. And what that child should be experiencing constantly are people giving him a chance to be everything he can be. That's the way you get around what are group differences in all kinds of characteristics. It's the way in which you leave behind a notion of thinking in this country as groups and go back to a notion of thinking of this country as individuals.
LAMB: We only have 30 seconds. Any major difference between men and women?
MURRAY: The distribution for men is wider, so that you have more who are real, real smart, and you have more who are real, real dumb.
Copyright National Cable Satellite Corporation 1994. Personal, noncommercial use of this transcript is permitted. No commercial, political or other use may be made of this transcript without the express permission of National Cable Satellite Corporation.
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text:
package org.hisp.dhis.dxf2.events.importer.insert.preprocess;

import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.hisp.dhis.dxf2.events.event.Event;
import org.hisp.dhis.dxf2.events.importer.context.WorkContext;
import org.hisp.dhis.system.util.GeoUtils;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

/**
 * @author Luciano Fiandesio
 */
class EventGeometryPreProcessorTest
{

    private EventGeometryPreProcessor subject;

    @BeforeEach
    void setUp()
    {
        this.subject = new EventGeometryPreProcessor();
    }

    @Test
    void verifyEventGeometryGetCorrectSRID()
        throws IOException
    {
        Event event = new Event();
        event.setGeometry( GeoUtils.getGeoJsonPoint( 20.0, 30.0 ) );
        event.getGeometry().setSRID( 0 );
        subject.process( event, WorkContext.builder().build() );
        assertThat( event.getGeometry().getSRID(), is( GeoUtils.SRID ) );
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Los Angeles Kings Director of Amateur Scouting Mark Yannetti spoke about the club's first round draft pick Adrian Kempe, who was born on September 13, 1996. Kempe's birthday comes two days before the draft eligibility cut-off that would have postponed his drafting for another year.
I saw him personally…anywhere from 12 to 15 times. I saw him quite a bit. Christian and Niklas [Andersson] obviously saw him a lot, and Mike Futa would've seen him a more amount of times than I did. In terms of what type of player, he's actually I don't want to say a ready-made Kings player, but in terms of how we like to build the team and what we value in terms of what people call "heavy play" and "competitiveness," those are things that are already present in his game. He has a heavy element. He borders on an elite skater. His size – obviously you took a look at him on stage if you saw him – he's still got to fill out, but he's going to be a very big kid, but he plays the game with purpose so it's not just a random collection of tools. He plays the style of game we play already. I would say maybe the biggest deficiency in his game would be in terms of just fundamental puck protection, but that's more due to the more European style and the big rinks and the more north-south play instead of half court play. Obviously one of the real intriguing things for us is when you look at Mike, Nelly and Mike Donnelly, that's one of the things that they excel at teaching, the puck protection, the half-court game for us. He's got everything we value in a King. He's even got some secondary leadership qualities, and the one thing we want him to be better at is the one thing I think our guys in the development side teach the best. So it's potentially a really good marriage in terms of the ground floor to development to the NHL.
I guess the worst thing I ever did was read that Outliers book where they tell you every guy that's born in January is the best guy to get, stuff like that. If you saw him on stage, he's definitely young. He's a six-foot, two-and-a-half kid that looks like he hasn't shaved yet, and he's obviously got a long way to go to fill out, but the intriguing thing for me is despite physically looking immature and obviously needing to fill out, he's already strong on the puck. He's already heavy in the harder areas, good along the boards, and it's something he prides himself in, so in terms of him being young, I view it as a real positive. Going forward in terms of development, he's already playing at an older and professional level in Sweden, so his development path is set for next year. He'll be going back to Sweden, which…in his case I think is the perfect place for him to be next year where he'll…begin to start filling out. Then, he's got a one-year contract, so we can start discussing a future path for him, whether it's the AHL or another year in Sweden. So I view his [youth], I just think it's another area that's a strength because he's still just scratching the surface, even in relation to his peers. You're right – they're all young, and he's the youngest of his peers. Zykov is similar in that, how he was very young, and if you look at Val now compared to this time last year, it's almost like you're looking at a different human being.
We tried. We actively tried to move up. In terms of how close we were, we did. We tried to move up. It's a little bit of a blue, but we made four or five inquiries to move up when one player was sliding. We didn't get any traction. Didn't get off the ground. Although we tried, it was never even close. It wasn't a hang up, but there was no interest and not even any room to negotiate. We actively tried to move up, and it was a dead in the water issue. As the draft unfolded from around the midpoint of the first round, it fell the way we thought it would fall. We were pretty close in terms of who was getting taken off the board. We had three players in mind for that 29 pick before the draft started. It started to get very dicey as the draft wore on in terms of – I can't give up too much information, but it started to look like we may not get one of the players we had targeted there. So we were fully prepared to move out. We had a flurry of offers, and we were perfectly poised to move out of that pick. We had three excellent offers that all had merit, and we had ranked them. We were ready to move out of that spot, and we had the ammunition to do it and move picks. As it stood, at 25 we knew we were going to get one of the two guys we wanted because he was still left, so that scenario was plausible for about five or six picks, and then our fears were allayed and we decided to keep the puck, and we didn't need to move back. We tried to move up and couldn't. We were prepared to move back and didn't need to.


text:
Q: Python-Scrypt doesn't install on Windows 7 64-bit It seems that Scrypt doesn't install on my machine. I've installed the version for Windows here. I used Visual Studio free edition, installed OpenSSL 32-bit, and compiled BCrypt with success; but SCrypt returns this error:
> setup.py install
running install
running build
running build_ext
building 'scrypt' extension
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\BIN\amd64\cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /MD /W3 /GS- /DNDEBUG -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -Iscrypt-1.1.6 -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib/scryptenc -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib/util -Ic:\OpenSSL-Win32\include -IC:\Python27\include -IC:\Python27\PC /Tcsrc/scrypt2.c /Fobuild\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\src/scrypt2.obj
scrypt2.c
scrypt-1.1.6/lib\scryptenc/scryptenc.h(32) : fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'stdint.h': No such file or directory
error: command '"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\BIN\amd64\cl.exe"' failed with exit status 2
Exit code: 1

UPDATE: copied the library, and now i get another error:
running install
running build
running build_ext
building 'scrypt' extension
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\BIN\amd64\cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /MD /W3 /GS- /DNDEBUG -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -Iscrypt-1.1.6 -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib/scryptenc -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib/util -Ic:\OpenSSL-Win32\include -IC:\Python27\include -IC:\Python27\PC /Tcsrc/scrypt2.c /Fobuild\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\src/scrypt2.obj
scrypt2.c
src/scrypt2.c(72) : warning C4244: '=' : conversion from 'Py_ssize_t' to 'int',possible loss of data
src/scrypt2.c(73) : warning C4244: '=' : conversion from 'Py_ssize_t' to 'int', possible loss of data
src/scrypt2.c(87) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before 'type'
src/scrypt2.c(92) : error C2065: 'value' : undeclared identifier
src/scrypt2.c(92) : warning C4047: '=' : 'int' differs in levels of indirection from 'PyObject *'
src/scrypt2.c(96) : error C2065: 'value' : undeclared identifier
src/scrypt2.c(96) : warning C4047: 'return' : 'PyObject *' differs in levels of indirection from 'int'
src/scrypt2.c(99) : error C2143: syntax error : missing '{' before '*'
src/scrypt2.c(132) : error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before 'type'
src/scrypt2.c(136) : error C2065: 'value' : undeclared identifier
src/scrypt2.c(136) : warning C4047: '=' : 'int' differs in levels of indirection from 'PyObject *'
src/scrypt2.c(139) : error C2065: 'value' : undeclared identifier
src/scrypt2.c(139) : warning C4047: 'return' : 'int *' differs in levels of indirection from 'int'
src/scrypt2.c(142) : error C2061: syntax error : identifier 'ScryptMethods'
src/scrypt2.c(142) : error C2059: syntax error : ';'
src/scrypt2.c(142) : error C3409: empty attribute block is not allowed
src/scrypt2.c(142) : error C2513: '/*global*/ ' : no variable declared before '='
src/scrypt2.c(151) : error C2065: 'ScryptMethods' : undeclared identifier
src/scrypt2.c(151) : warning C4047: 'function' : 'PyMethodDef *' differs in levels of indirection from 'int'
src/scrypt2.c(151) : warning C4024: 'Py_InitModule4_64' : different types for formal and actual parameter 2
error: command '"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\BIN\amd64\cl.exe"' failed with exit status 2

Update2: dont want to compile using GCC:
>setup.py build -c mingw32
running build
running build_ext
building 'scrypt' extension
C:\MinGW64\bin\gcc.exe -mno-cygwin -mdll -O -Wall -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -Iscrypt-1.1.6 - Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib/scryptenc -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib/util -Ic:\OpenSSL-Win32\include -IC:\Python27\include -IC:\Python27\PC -c  src/scrypt2.c -o build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\src\scrypt2.o
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option '-mno-cygwin'
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

and there is no -mno-cygwin in gcc --help
Edit n:
>setup.py build -c mingw32
running build
running build_ext
building 'scrypt' extension
C:\MinGW64\bin\gcc.exe -mdll -O -Wall -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -Iscrypt-1.1.6 -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib/scryptenc -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib/util -Ic:\OpenSSL-Win32\include -IC:\Python27\include -IC:\Python27\PC -c src/scrypt2.c -o  build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\src\scrypt2.o
C:\MinGW64\bin\gcc.exe -mdll -O -Wall -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -Iscrypt-1.1.6 -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib  -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib/scryptenc -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto -Iscrypt-1.1.6/lib/util -Ic:\OpenSSL-Win32\include -IC:\Python27\include -IC:\Python27\PC -c scrypt- 1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.c -o build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\scrypt- 1.1.6\lib\crypto\crypto_aesctr.o
In file included from scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.c:34:0:
c:\OpenSSL-Win32\include/openssl/aes.h:1:1: error: expected identifier or '(' before  '.' token
In file included from scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.h:34:0,
from scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.c:38:
c:\OpenSSL-Win32\include/openssl/aes.h:1:1: error: expected identifier or '(' before '.' token
In file included from scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.c:38:0:
scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.h:51:5: warning: 'struct crypto_aesctr' declared   inside parameter list [enabled by default]
scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.h:51:5: warning: its scope is only this definition or declaration, which is probably not what you want [enabled by default]
scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.h:57:32: warning: 'struct crypto_aesctr' declared inside parameter list [enabled by default]
scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.c:41:2: error: unknown type name 'AES_KEY'
scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.c:54:20: error: unknown type name 'AES_KEY'
scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.c:82:1: error: conflicting types for 'crypto_aesctr_stream'
In file included from scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.c:38:0:

scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.h:50:6: note: previous declaration of 'crypto_aesctr_stream' was here
scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.c: In function 'crypto_aesctr_stream':
scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.c:97:4: warning: implicit declaration of function    'AES_encrypt' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.c: At top level:
scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.c:113:1: error: conflicting types for  'crypto_aesctr_free'
In file included from scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.c:38:0:
scrypt-1.1.6/lib/crypto/crypto_aesctr.h:57:6: note: previous declaration of 'crypto_aesctr_free' was here
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

A: stdint.h is part of C99. Microsoft's C compiler does not support C99. You may have to use another compiler like MinGW or use something like msinttypes.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Imported android project to Eclipse: Cant compile I have imported a project to Eclipse. The version of the API was 15 and it compiled successfully, but I needed 7th because on my phone the OS cannot be updated. After changing the version of the Android API to older one (7th) I can't compile the project, the follwing errors occures:
import android.hardware.usb.UsbConstants;
import android.hardware.usb.UsbDevice;
import android.hardware.usb.UsbDeviceConnection;
import android.hardware.usb.UsbEndpoint;
import android.hardware.usb.UsbInterface;
import android.hardware.usb.UsbManager;

It says R cannot be resolved to a variable:
setContentView(R.layout.main);

And in main.xml
android:layout_width="match_parent"

it says:  String types not allowed (at 'layout_width' with value 'match_parent').
Is it possible to resolve this errors, but still using the old API version?

A: You have to compile your project with the latest Android Api.
Project Properties -> Android -> Android 4.0
In the manifest, you can set the
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="7" />

If you are not using any library or new feature, it should work.

A: If you need the USB functionality: No. It exists since API level 12.

A: Add the Jar of API 15 from platforms folder and include in Android MAnifesh as Android minsdk as 9 and target sdk as 15 then i hope your app will run


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Following the March 2012 merger between Wal-Mart and Massmart, the Competition Appeal Court ("CAC") ordered, as one of the merger conditions, that Massmart re-employ 503 former staff members who were retrenched in 2009 and 2010 as a result of the then proposed merger.
However, it would now appear as though Massmart has failed to comply with the condition. Reportedly, former employees of Massmart have lodged a complaint with Competition Commission ("the Commission") relating to concerns over Massmart's non-compliance of this condition.
Following the complaint, the Commission conducted a series of meetings with the South African Commercial Catering and Allied Workers Union ("SACCAWU") and Massmart. The Commission concluded that Massmart had not complied with the condition imposed by the CAC and found that approximately 217 of the former employees had not been reinstated.
Following negotiations between the Commission, SACCAWU and Massmart, it was found that although Massmart had allegedly sent initial reinstatement offer letters out to former employees, many former employees, allegedly, did not receive the letter.
It was agreed that Massmart would re-employ 61 former employees, who had not received the letter, with 6 months back pay. In addition, Massmart would also re-employ at least 94 former employees, who had received the letter and had not responded to the letter, with 3 months back pay, if such employees accepted the offer by 30 September 2014.
Massmart is required to provide feedback relating to the progress of the implementation of the plan to the Commission over the coming months.
COMESA Competition Commission web site hacked?
It would appear that the young pan-African antitrust enforcement agency's web site has been hacked. The headline on the COMESA Competition Commission's ("CCC") home page today seems to indicate a relationship with a web site bearing the Indonesian TLD (top-level domain) ".ID", and looks like gibberish at first glance.
Then, after some digging, AAT's editors believed that it might in fact be a tribute or memorial of sorts to the missing crew and passengers of flight MH 370, given the Indonesian language of the text and the disappearance of the jetliner in the Viet-Indo-Malaysian region's equivalent of the Bermuda Triangle. The relationship with COMESA escaped us, however. Yet, upon a final review of the Google Translate result, we can confirm that this is unfortunately not the case. Instead, it appears to be a (fairly amateurish) love poem (full text in GoogleTranslate's English below).
With all this wind-up, here comes the real point in the story. We perceive this hacking event as evidence of a real risk that highly confidential party information (stemming from COMESA merger reviews or other competition investigations) may be vulnerable to accidental or intentional disclosure to unauthorized third parties. In the United States, the agencies' unwarranted disclosure of confidential data took center stage in the 2007 aftermath of the $1/2 billion Whole Foods / Wild Oats merger, during which the FTC had accidentally submitted an insufficiently redacted PDF document to the electronic U.S. court filing system ECF, spilling the secret data guts of the case. The Washington Post reported on the story here — just as we are now alerting current or potential future parties to CCC merger reviews regarding the apparently deficient safeguards in the competition enforcer's electronic systems. We advise all such interested parties to enquire with the Competition Commission precisely which steps are being taken to ensure the safety of their confidential submissions to the agency.
We also note that the CCC's site has a very publicly visible page for access to "PRIVATE" documents, protected only by (it would seem) a most simple username/password combination. The site even allows for a cookie-based "Remember Me" function. The privacy risks here are manifold, as any e-security expert worth her salt can attest to: Should this "private" document repository contain confidential party information, and if the main home page of the agency has already been subject to a (successful) attack, it is no stretch to imagine that access may have equally been gained to the purportedly private document storage folder on the site.
AAT has contacted the CCC's web master and leadership, Messrs. George Lipimile and Willard Mwemba, to inquire further about the details of this apparent safety breach. We will report on their response here once we have heard back from them.
Should readers have any other information on the goings-on at the CCC or its web site, we always appreciate hearing from you, either by way of e-mail or in the comments section to this article.
According to a report by ITweb Business, the South African incumbent R16 billion telecommunications giant Telkom Limited (no stranger to this blog) has now taken steps to implement its landmark June 2013 settlement in a margin-squeeze and monopolization case brought by the South African Competition Commission (the "Commission").
The settlement was finalized by the Competition Tribual on 18 July 2013. Its terms include, importantly for the latest job-related and divisional developments at Telkom, the functional separation between the company's retail and wholesale divisions, in addition to other pricing commitments, a fine, and ongoing monitoring obligations under the guidance of the Commission. As reported today, the company has now also issued and implemented a new antitrust/competition compliance policy, its so-called "Competition Settlement Code of Conduct Policy," reportedly a whopping 25-page document.


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text:
SEMA eNews Vol. 16, No. 14, April 4, 2013
Spy Shots—Lincoln MKC Prototype
in New Products and Technology Spy Shots Spy Shots
The shooters at KGP Photography have snagged their best look yet at a Lincoln MKC prototype, caught testing with its production-ready shape covered in camo on the streets of Dearborn, Michigan.
While the overall design of the MKC will stay true to the fetching concept that bowed at the most recent Detroit Auto Show, there are some clear differences between the production model and the show car. The production MKC's headlights are more tame, with conventional projector-beam units joining what appears to be some thankfully subtle LED running lights. The grille design looks to be nearly identical, right down to the sculpting of the individual grille blades on the MKC's MKZ-inspired air-intakes. The production MKC's wing mirrors—while more delicate than the concepts—have some nice surface development applied to them.
The prototype also seems to have a slightly less rakish profile, showing its Escape-based roots a bit more than the concept. The production MKC's taillights definitely mimic the concept, but the rear bumper gets a new rear valance which appears to eschew the integrated exhaust ports in favor of a separate dual-exhaust design.
The MKC is being fast-tracked to production, with a possible official debut penciled in for the end of this year.
Photo Credit: KGP Photography

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: How to optimize munin fw_conntrack script I have a server with about 65k connections in ip_conntrack. How can I optimize munin script that counts various types of connections (default fw_conntrack script):
cat /proc/net/ip_conntrack | awk '
BEGIN {
    STATE["ESTABLISHED"]=STATE["FIN_WAIT"]=STATE["TIME_WAIT"]=0;
    TOTAL=ASSURED=NOREPLY=STATE["SYN_SENT"]=STATE["UDP"]=0;
}
/^tcp/ { STATE[$4]++; }
/^udp/ { STATE["UDP"]++; }
/ASSURED/ { ASSURED++; }
{
  TOTAL++;
}
END {
    print "established.value " STATE["ESTABLISHED"];
    print "fin_wait.value " STATE["FIN_WAIT"];
    print "time_wait.value " STATE["TIME_WAIT"];
    print "syn_sent.value " STATE["SYN_SENT"];
    print "udp.value " STATE["UDP"];
    print "assured.value " ASSURED;
    print "total.value " TOTAL;
}'

Currently it takes about 30 sec to execute.

A: Replace cat /proc/net/ip_conntrack with conntrack -L. It's more efficient with large number of connections.
Example:
root@utemp:~# time conntrack -L | wc -l
conntrack v0.9.14 (conntrack-tools): 16855 flow entries have been shown.
16855

real    0m0.099s
user    0m0.068s
sys     0m0.036s

root@utemp:~# time cat /proc/net/ip_conntrack | wc -l
16634

real    0m0.270s
user    0m0.008s
sys     0m0.264s


text:
Home Ghana Entertainment News Yaw Dabo,Don Little and other diminutive actors and their partners
Yaw Dabo,Don Little and other diminutive actors and their partners
Yaw Dabo, Don Little, Aki, Adwoa Smart and other 'short' actors & their beautiful 'thick tall' partners revealed(With Pictures). Short actors and their partners
Toni Kusi
There are some vibrant diminutive stars actors who have lit up our screens with fun and laughter. As interesting as they are – very little is known about their private lives and the kind of women/men they date or marry.
As they say, opposites attract, and that seems to be true for these stars as well when it comes to their relationships.
The likes of 'short' Ghanaian actors like Yaw Dabo, Don Little, Wayoosi, Adwoa Smart are dating or have been linked to have dated partners who are notably way taller than them.
In Nigeria, the wife/girlfriend of Osita Iheme and Chinedu Ikedieze are also very tall and beautiful—not forgetting international star like Peter Dinklage of Game of Thrones fame.
Today, GHPAGE.com brings you 'short' diminutive actors who have graced our screens with their acting and their beautiful partners.
1. Yaw Dabo and Vivian
Yaw Dabo with Vivian Okyere
Yaw Dabo and his long-rumored girlfriend, Vivian Okyere have been 'chopping love' together, putting it into the faces of their fans on social media — yet, deny it when they get the chance to explain the relationship between them.
If not, then we might as well consider their relationship as 'friends with benefits'. Because they come out to confirm today and deny it the next day.
Whatever it may be, the two are really rumored to be an item.
Vivian, often referred to as Kumawood 'tundra' in an obvious recognition of her near perfect shape and huge backside, came into the limelight with her role as 'Nana Ama' in the movie, 'M3gye wo girl.'
Vivian Okyere
She played a lead role alongside Dabo and was a sachet water seller who fell in love with him, a mechanic's apprentice. She teamed up with Dabo to dupe his master who was also interested in having her as a girlfriend.
Not long after this movie, reports surfaced that Vivian and Dabo were seeing each other and were going to get married.
Vivian Okyere and Yaw Dabo
Vivian, in reaction to the reports, indicated that she was in love with the diminutive actor and he loved her back as well.
2. Don Little and Purfcie Conna
Don Little's Alleged Girlfriend Purfcie Conna
Actor Don Little has been noted to have indicated that he is only interested in heavily-endowed women to complement his size.
To this effect, a well endowed graphic designer, entrepreneur, and burgeoning on-screen diva, Purfcie Conna was rumored to be dating Don Little when they were potted in many photos and even videos together having fun.
Purfcie Conna
Don Little who was discovered by popular comedian, Funny Face has made strides at making an impact in Ghana's movie industry with his acting talent.
The two went their separate ways but has now smoked the peace pipe.
3. Wayoosi and Madam Osei
The 43-year-old Kumawood actor Joseph Nana Osei Kofi aka Wayoosi is married to a very beautiful lady, Mrs. Osei.
They had a child in 2016 in which they performed a naming ceremony that brought the likes of Kyeiwaa, Mercy Asiedu, Salinko and a host of Kummawood Industry players together.
Unfortunately, his daughter, Blessing Osei Fremah, died six months later.
Wayoosi hit the limelight after the release of Matriki Wo movie which featured Agya Koo back in 2003.
He attended the College of Arts at the Cabin in Kumasi but learned to paint as a profession.
His first movie appearance was in "Awiee" which also starred Micky Osei Berko (Master Richard), the late Suzzy Williams, Judas and Agya Koo.
Wayoosi has featured in over 50 movies which include Agya Koo Mechanic, Atofo Wuo, Mogya bi Akassa, Akoda Nyame, Asem Aba Ghana and Papa Nebu.
4. Chinedu Ikedieze and Nneoma Ikedieze
Chinedu and wife
Chinedu Ikedieze aka Aki because of his sterling role in 'Aki na Ukwa' is happily married to a beautiful woman named Nneoma Nwaijah, who later became Nneoma Ikedieze.
They share an interesting love story.
Chinedu Ikedieze and wife Nneoma Ikedieze
The two met in Lagos when they worked together on a production. Nneoma was a costume director, and she saw Chinedu every day. They quickly became good friends, and later developed mutual feelings for each other.
Nneoma liked Chinedu's lifestyle, and she saw all the qualities she wanted in a man in him. To her, he seemed really smart and intelligent.
They dated for three years and had a lot of time to get to know each other better before they finally had their traditional wedding on November 26th, 2011.
5. Peter Dinklage and Erica Schmidt
Peter Dinklage and wife Erica Schmidt
The Game Of Thrones star Peter Dinklage, 48, married his writer-director wife, 42, Erica Schmidt in 2005.
Dinklage and his wife
They are now parents of two.
Dinklage has played Tyrion Lannister on HBO's smash hit fantasy series for all seven seasons.
6.Adwoa Smart and 'Husband'
Veteran actress Belinda Naa Ode Oku, popularly known as Adwoa Smart
Veteran actress Belinda Naa Ode Oku, popularly known as Adwoa Smart, had a daughter with an 'unknown man' but tragically lost her first child years ago.
Speaking with Nana Romeo on Ayekoo Ayekoo, Accra100.5FM's mid-morning show, said although she is single, she is hopeful of conceiving once she finds the right man.
"I had one child who died, but how can you get pregnant when you are single? However, if I get married I know I will give birth and have a child by God's grace," Adwoa Smart said.
However, her want of a child does not mean she is eager to find love. The Obra actress said she has been single for several years and was beginning to like it that way.
"I have been single for a long time. I can't remember how long I have been single," she said. "How do you know if the man who has expressed interest in you is genuine or not? Men of today are not reliable, so I prefer being alone," she added.
Thanks to television drama Obra Adwoa Smart became famous in the early '90s. She has starred in a number of television dramas and movies.
7. Osita Iheme and 'wife'
Osita Iheme aka Pawpaw
Osita Iheme is a popular Nollywood actor and comedian. He is famous for playing the role of 'Pawpaw' in the film Aki na Ukwa alongside Chinedu Ikedieze.
READ ALSO: The real ages of Yaw Dabo, Joe Shortingo, and other diminutive actors have just been revealed
Osita at age 36 is still not married despite been linked to some wedding rumors in the past years.
Osita Iheme is 36 years old but says he is not in any hurry to get married. According to his own words, he is not entirely ready yet. He wants to find a right moment to take this big and important step.
Nigerian fans, though, want to know more about Osita Iheme. They worry about the loneliness of the actor. Still, Osita Iheme does not want to discuss his personal matters. According to him, he will marry when he is ready.
https://www.ghpage.com
Toni Kusi is the co-founder and Editor-in-chief of Ghpage. He holds B.A in Social & Development Administration. Adjudged the best Ghanaian blogger in 2018, Toni also acts as a Publicist, Lifestyle coach and a social media marketer for various clients. He's a lover of seasonal movies. Shoot me an Email at tonikusi@ghpage.com. or call/Whatsapp +447507648176. You can also follow or reach out to me on any of my social media handles below.
Don Little
Osita Iheme
Wayoosi
Yaw Dabo
Don Little acquires a Chevrolet car after signing new deal
Don Little explains to Stonebwoy why he is still not married
Beautiful photos of Don Little the slay queen
8 beautiful Kumawood actresses who are yet to get married
I sleep with girls in guest houses not my home – Don Little
'My greatest achievement is renting of an apartment' – Don Little reveals


The 2018 US RepTrak® 100 indicates that the reputation economy is more competitive than ever. Six of the companies in the Top 10 are new to the top of the list and thirty-six companies are new to the Top 100. With new players in the game and an ever evolving set of rules, which companies are leading the way and how? What can communications professionals learn from the Top 100 corporate reputations in the United States?
This analysis covers over 100 companies including Campbell's Soup, Amazon, Hershey's, Bose, Microsoft, Kellogg's, Nike, and more.
Dive into the stories behind the reputation leaders - how are they achieving success?


The proverb "an Englishman's home is his castle" is a British expression of personal privacy and security. The phrase has long been used to define a home as a place of refuge, and since at least the 17th century, it has been a legal precept that no one may enter your home without a clear invitation.
It's not just home owners who deserve a place of refuge: at Lifestyle Sales and Lettings, we believe there is a castle for everyone.
Renting offers greater flexibility – always check the terms of your rental for notice periods – and is a great way to experience living in an area before making a commitment and buying there.
Joining the property ladder is a big step.
It's important to consider carefully how much you can afford to repay your mortgage provider every month. The value of your monthly repayments will be lower if you can make a larger down payment. Don't forget to factor in Stamp Duty, survey costs, removal and legal costs too.
Whatever you decide, Lifestyle Sales & Lettings would love to help you.
We'll accompany you on your viewings at a time that's convenient to you, including evenings and weekends. We'll provide you with all the practical details and advice you need. From viewing a property to contracts and removal services, we'll help you to make the most stress-free move you'll ever make.
Browse our property portfolio to view our homes for rent and for sale, and contact us today and our expert advisors will help you to find your perfect castle.


text:
Q: How to upload an image from Android using foursquare? I know how to deal with foursquare API https://developer.foursquare.com/docs/photos/add
I tried this: Sending images using Http Post
Here's my code:
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    if (requestCode == CAMERA_PIC_REQUEST) {
        if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
            Uri imageUri = data.getData();
            List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(4);
            Intent intent = getIntent();
            String message = intent.getStringExtra(SignIn.EXTRA_MESSAGE);
            params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("venueId", message));
            params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("image", imageUri.getPath()));
            Log.d("myresponse", imageUri.getPath());
            params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("oauth_token",
                    [myoauthtoken]));
            params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("v", "20121210"));
            post("https://api.foursquare.com/v2/photos/add", params);
        }
    }
}

But I get an exception with this stack trace:
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to resume activity {com.example.hobba/com.example.hobba.VenueCreated}: java.lang.RuntimeException: Failure delivering result ResultInfo{who=null, request=1337, result=-1, data=Intent { act=inline-data dat=content://media/external/images/media/10392 (has extras) }} to activity {com.example.hobba/com.example.hobba.VenueCreated}: android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at android.app.ActivityThread.performResumeActivity(ActivityThread.java:2616)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleResumeActivity(ActivityThread.java:2644)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2130)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleRelaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3553)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at android.app.ActivityThread.access$700(ActivityThread.java:140)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1233)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4898)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:1006)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:773)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445): Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Failure delivering result ResultInfo{who=null, request=1337, result=-1, data=Intent { act=inline-data dat=content://media/external/images/media/10392 (has extras) }} to activity {com.example.hobba/com.example.hobba.VenueCreated}: android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at android.app.ActivityThread.deliverResults(ActivityThread.java:3182)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at android.app.ActivityThread.performResumeActivity(ActivityThread.java:2603)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    ... 13 more
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445): Caused by: android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at android.os.StrictMode$AndroidBlockGuardPolicy.onNetwork(StrictMode.java:1118)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at java.net.InetAddress.lookupHostByName(InetAddress.java:385)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at java.net.InetAddress.getAllByNameImpl(InetAddress.java:236)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at java.net.InetAddress.getAllByName(InetAddress.java:214)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultClientConnectionOperator.openConnection(DefaultClientConnectionOperator.java:137)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.AbstractPoolEntry.open(AbstractPoolEntry.java:164)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.AbstractPooledConnAdapter.open(AbstractPooledConnAdapter.java:119)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultRequestDirector.execute(DefaultRequestDirector.java:360)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:670)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:509)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at com.example.hobba.VenueCreated.post(VenueCreated.java:152)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at com.example.hobba.VenueCreated.onActivityResult(VenueCreated.java:66)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at android.app.Activity.dispatchActivityResult(Activity.java:5368)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    at android.app.ActivityThread.deliverResults(ActivityThread.java:3178)
12-14 18:43:25.685: E/AndroidRuntime(15445):    ... 14 more

A: You're attempting to make a HTTP request on your UI thread.  The exception is NetworkOnMainThreadException, which means you should be doing your work in a background thread.
For doing your upload, I suggest using something like an IntentService to do your HTTP post.  In addition to the documentation, you can also check out an example app of mine that highlights different methods for getting work done outside the UI thread.


IMAGE has kept admission tickets low, ($25 online for a 2-day pass), prides itself on intimate panel rooms, and promises complimentary hotel shuttles, FREE PARKING around the venue and shuttles to take people back and forth from the far ends of the lots as well.
Cash and prizes will be awarded in Cosplay Contests including their unique "Create-A-New-Superhero" categories, Video Game Tournaments and have levels of entry for all ages! Other events include VIP Package Breakfasts and Dinners with the Stars (8 seats open at each celebrity table), as well as a Party with the Stars available to anyone who purchases a vip ticket.
Vendor spaces are available for dealers who sell pop-culture items, antique and collectible toys, authentic memorabilia, accoutrements of the nerd or geek lifestyle, anime and animation artwork and toys, comic books and art along with a large variety of out of the ordinary.


text:
« Liberals call it 'raising awareness' | A Mother's Day gift from Hillary »
The moral problem of in vitro fertilization
By Matt C. Abbott
Although not a subject you'll often hear discussed even in pro-life circles, in vitro fertilization is an evil that should be prohibited by law. (I concede that it's a pipe dream to think this will occur in the foreseeable future.)
Consider the recent story involving Hollywood celebrity Sofia Vergara.
From LifeNews.com:
Nick Loeb has filed a lawsuit against Modern Family actress Sofia Vergara in an attempt to stop her from destroying a pair of frozen embryos they created while they were engaged. In May 2014, the couple broke off their engagement after four years of dating. A source close to Loeb explained that he didn't want to see the embryos destroyed because he's always believed that life begins at conception. The couple created the embryos through in vitro fertilization.
Vergara said [in an interview with Howard Stern], 'I totally understand him. Fortunately or unfortunately, there is law. You signed legal papers. If it was serious for him, this issue — which I totally respect is for someone — he should have taken it more seriously. There is a contract…Even if it's life or not life, that's not what he signed!'….
The dispute between Loeb and Vergara highlights one of the problems with in vitro fertilization, which is that unused or unwanted embryos are often discarded or destroyed… [I]n 2011, a study in the journal of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine revealed that 19% of unused embryos are discarded and 3% are donated for scientific research.
Indeed. In addition to the practice itself being contrary to the natural law, it's tragic that so many embryos – human lives with vast potential – are destroyed as a result of the practice.
As for Mr. Loeb: yes, it's unfortunate that he and Ms. Vergara chose to pursue in vitro fertilization to begin with (not to mention doing so while unmarried), but he's now trying to right a wrong, and I commend him for that. Whether he'll be successful with his lawsuit is another matter. I'm no attorney, but it doesn't look good.
I say: if you consider yourself pro-life, you should be opposed to in vitro fertilization.


Google's "Define:" function is not working anymore or just a glitch?
I wonder why the define: function that I really love to use in Google.com is not working anymore. I tried to define several words since last week, and I thought it's just a glitch or a bug, but it seems to be removed. I've read in the Google web forums that I'm not the only one who's experiencing it.
There's another thread here that says it's just a glitch and it's properly working. A Google employee even replied to that thread and confirms that the define: function is still working.
Have you tried to define a word and it's not working? Then you're also experiencing this weird bug that Google hasn't completely fixed it.
I hope the define function will not be removed as it's really useful. As of the moment, If you want to define a work, you can go to google.com/dictionary instead.
But… if you're not experiencing this bug, then you're probably lost and you shouldn't be reading this post.
If you're looking for a GoDaddy coupon code that works for this month, May 2011, then you found what you're looking for! I recently renewed a lot of domains, and GoDaddy gave me this code: BB46XCMDBP. Nobody blogged about or published this code online yet (Because I tried googling it and no results were found).
It's also not available at any famous coupon sites like Retail Me Not, so I'm the first one in the whole world with to use this coupon code!
Please feel free to use it and tell me if it works for you. It just worked for me! I recently purchased a new .COM domain for only $7.67. Other codes such as GDBB776, CJCTLD749, and GDZ428V are still working, but the price increased. So the only working code with the lowest price for .COM as of the moment is my GoDaddy coupon code!
Enjoy being with GoDaddy! Renew and buy your domains for less! Hurray!
After this latest Blackberry Bold phone was announced, I'm so excited and thrilled to get my hands on it! Some websites said that it will be released sometime this summer, but some said that it has no release date yet.
Have you ever wondered what is the 10-digit number in the message of the recent Google Adsense payout via Western Union? I just claimed my March 2011 payout today and I noticed a message from Google Adsense containing a 10-digit number. I also asked my fellow Adsense publisher if their Western Union printout has a 10-digit message, and they said… YES!
I searched about it in Google and found nothing. I searched about it in the Adsense forums, and I found nothing.
Is this something? Or just nothing? If you know what it is, kindly share it in the comment field below.