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Category Archives: American robin
Eager American robins arrive each spring ready for nesting
Photo by Peter Pearsall/ USFWS • An American robin at Cape Mears NWR perches on a sign. Robins have long been a beloved sign of spring's return in North America.
I don't think I'm alone in doing what I can to speed along the process of spring's arrival. The arrival of flocks of American robins has long been a dependable signal coinciding with the shifting of the winter season into spring. This year, the robins appeared almost overnight. One day, I didn't notice any robins; on the next, they were everywhere I looked.
The American robin is known by the scientific name Turdus migratorius, which can be translated as "migratory thrush." Indeed, this well-known American bird is related to other thrushes, including the Eastern bluebird, wood thrush and veery. The relationship to other thrushes is quite visible in young birds, which display a spotted breast until they mature and acquire the familiar red breast associated with robins.
One of the first things robins do after returning each spring is switch their diet. Instead of focusing heavily on fruit, robins will hunt for invertebrate prey items, including insects and earthworms once warming temperatures make these creatures widely available for the hungry birds. Forming large flocks as they migrate, dozens of these restless birds can descend on a lawn. Hopping through the short grass, these sharp-eyed birds can spy the slightest movement from an insect, grub or worm concealed in the grass. They forage efficiently and diligently.
The website, Journey North, focuses on tracking the migration of various species of wildlife, relying on the contributions of "citizen scientists" to help with its mission of conservation and protections of migratory species.
The website also offers some interesting facts about American robins. According to Journey North, robins are bursting to sing once they return each spring.
Photo by Bryan Stevens • American robin sitting on its nest in the shelter of a side of a bridge spanning the Doe River in Elizabethton, Tennessee.
"Robins sing when they arrive on their breeding territories. Sometimes robins even sing in winter flocks, due to surging hormones as the breeding season approaches," the website states. "However, in the majority of cases, robins really do wait to sing until they have reached their territory."
Once robins start singing each spring, it's also the time when the large flocks break up. When male robins sing, it is to proclaim and protect territories, so the attractiveness of a flock is different for a robin depending on whether the season is winter or spring.
The poet Emily Dickinson made note of this penchant for song that robins express with such enthusiasm upon their return each spring in her poem "The Robin," writing these lines:
"The robin is the one
That interrupts the morn
With hurried, few, express reports
When March is scarcely on."
Even in Dickinson's time, the month of March was associated with the return of the American robins to towns, yards and gardens across New England and the rest of the United States.
There are 82 other species in the genus, which ranges not only in the Americas, but Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia, as well. Some of the American robin's fellow genus members include the olive thrush, the bare-eyed thrush, pale thrush, great thrush, black-billed thrush and cocoa thrush.
When the first European settlers arrived in North America, the robin was still a bird living in the forests. Robins proved incredibly capable of adapting to the presence of humans. Soon enough, these once shy forest birds began to frequent lawns and city parks. The robin soon became one of America's most popular songbirds. Three states — Connecticut, Michigan and Wisconsin — have conferred official state bird status on the American robin.
Robins begin nesting almost as soon as they return each spring. Nesting success in a previous season instills fidelity to the location where the birds nested, resulting in many robins returning to the same nesting area year after year.
According to the Tennessee Watchable Wildlife website, American robins usually raise two broods of young during their nesting season in the Volunteer State. Many start nesting in late winter, but peak egg laying is in mid-April. The spring months are also when robin pairs will be kept busy finding enough earthworms and insects to feed a nest filled with three to five hungry young.
Although some robins invariably spent the entire winter season in the region, it is still a welcome sight to see migrating flocks of these birds return every February and early March. The sudden resurgence of the American robin each spring is a reminder that another winter will soon be history. I know I'm always pleased to welcome them back.
This entry was posted in American robin, Robin, thrushes. on March 13, 2022 by Bryan Stevens.
Restless robin flocks signal spring's approach
When I posted Jan. 29 on Facebook about seeing my first flock of American robins in 2021, I didn't anticipate the avalanche from other observant bird enthusiasts.
Priscilla Gutierrez commented on seeing about 30 robins in a field along Limestone Cove Road in Unicoi.
"They don't come to the feeders," Priscilla noted. "It was wonderful to see them."
Alice Torbett in Knoxville shared that she saw her first flock of robins about two weeks ago when they swooped in to harvest berries from the holly tees at her Knoxville home. "They were very considerate to wait until after Christmas," Alice wrote.
Erwin resident Brenda Marie Crowder commented that "tons of Robins are eating my holly berries right now. With snow dropping and all."
Jonesborough resident Nan Hidalgo reported that she had five robins in her yard on a recent Friday afternoon.
Christine M. Schwarz in Alexandria, Virginia, shared her own sightings.
Photo by Bryan Stevens • An American robin grasps a perch and keeps an eye on its surroundings.
"Three weeks ago there was a large flock at Mount Vernon," Christine wrote in a comment to my post. "I have seen a smaller group over here by Fort Belvoir, too. I can't believe they're migrating now — more like wintering over."
Byron Tucker, who lives in Atlanta, commented, "The other day, I saw a flock of robins and blackbirds mixed together."
Dee Obrien, formerly of Elizabethton, Tennessee, but now living in Florida, lamented the timing of the robins. "They always seem to come back to soon, poor little things," she wrote. "It is too cold."
Becky Boyd shared her own experience with robins. "I've had dozens here in Knoxville," she said. "They all recently left, except one loner who is terrorizing the bluebirds and attacks them at the feeders."
Erwin resident Donna Rea, and a former co-worker at The Erwin Record, posted a question to my Facebook robin discussion.
"What do robins eat this time of year?" Donna asked. "Will they eat out of our feeders if the ground is frozen and they can't find a hibernating worm?"
Photo by Jack Bulmner/Pixabaycom • An American robin plucks a berry from a branch.
I suggested in my reply that robins might eat suet at feeders, as well as fruit. More likely, the restless robins in the region are probably scouring the countryside for holly trees with berries. Of course, robins are omnivorous in their appetite and would gladly take an earthworm if they could coax one out of the chilly ground.
South Carolina resident Catherine Romaine Henderson simply posted an optimistic comment on my robin post. "Please tell me spring is coming!"
The American robin is indeed widely held to be a harbinger of spring. Furthermore, the robin is a popular American bird. In fact, this bird has been designated the official state bird by Wisconsin and Michigan.
In truth, many robins forego migration to endure a few months of cold weather. Their ability to shift their diet from earthworms and insects to fruit and feeder fare helps robins eke out a living. Robins remain an abundant bird but their fondness for co-existing with humans can leave them vulnerable to pesticides applied to lawns and gardens.
According to the website, "All About Birds," the American robin nests three times a year. On average, however, only 40 percent of robin nests succeed at fledging young. Even once out of the nest, young robins are vulnerable. The website estimates that only 25 percent of each year's fledged robins will reach November. So, the young robins that join some of the large flocks people are seeing in the region are birds that have beaten the odds.
Photo by Bryan Stevens • Returning American robins, prominent in lawns and gardens during their annual spring migration, will soon turn their attention to nesting duties.
Even the robins that do depart the region each fall don't migrate far. Many robins that spend the summer in Canada or the United States only migrate as far as the Gulf States, southern Florida, southern California, Baja California and Mexico.
The American robin is a large bird in the thrush family, which in North America also includes such birds as Eastern bluebird, wood thrush, and Townsend's solitaire.
In the British Isles, the European robin is simply known as "robin" or "robin redbreast." When the first English colonists arrived in New England and other parts of colonial-era North America, they took pleasure in finding that some of the birdlife in the New World resembled familiar birds from their homeland. The red-breasted American robin looked like the bird they knew in the Old World as "robin," which motivated them to name the New World bird "robin," as well.
Other than the red breast, however, the two robins are not all that similar. The American robin is the larger of the two birds. Further separating these two birds is the fact that the European robin is not a thrush but rather a member of the family of Old World flycatchers.
Photo by Bryan Stevens • While American robins like fruit when its available, they also spend a lot of time feeding on earthworms and insects.
In some ways, the two robins are similar. Both are fond of earthworms, spending a great deal of their time on the ground foraging for worms. They will also follow human gardeners at their work, waiting patiently for the followed person to disturb the soil with a spade or hoe and expose earthworms for the waiting bird. They are also rather tolerant of humans and have learned to make their own homes close to human dwellings.
Some of the British transplants to North America must have felt homesick for familiar things because several unsuccessful attempts were made to introduce the European robin to the United States and Canada. European robins introduced in New York and Oregon failed to gain a foothold, unlike the introduction of such alien birds as the house sparrow and European starling.
On a few occasions, our American robins have overflown their destinations and ended up in the United Kingdom. For instance, an American robin became a first for London birdwatchers when one was found in that nation's capital city in March of 2006. Whether of the European or American persuasion, robins have long been a favorite of birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts.
They have even adapted to take food at feeders. If you'd like to try your luck at attracting robins to feeders, know that they like their sunflower seeds hulled. They will also eat mealworms, fruit, peanut hearts and suet. Robins prefer to feed on the ground or on an open platform feeder.
Robins are such friendly and engaging birds. If we can have them near us for 12 months of the year, who's going to complain?
This entry was posted in American robin, Birding, Birds, Bristol Herald Courier, Bryan Stevens Feathered Friends, Elizabethton Star, Erwin Record, European Robin, Johnson City Press, Jonesborough, Jonesborough Herald and Tribune, Kingsport Times, McDowell News, Robin, Uncategorized and tagged American robin, Bryan Stevens, Elizabethton Star, Erwin Record, Feathered Friends, greeneville sun, Johnson City Press, Jonesborough Herald and Tribune, Kingsport Times, Kingsport Times-News, McDowell News, nature, North Carolina, Northeast Tennessee, Our Fine Feathered Friends, robins, Songbirds, Spring, Tennessee, The Erwin Record, winter, Winter weather on February 21, 2021 by Bryan Stevens.
People report American robins lingering this winter
Photo by fotocitizen/Pixabay.com • An American robin fluffs its feathers to stay warm on a cold, wintry day. While the robin is a migratory bird, it's not unusual for many individuals to forego migration in order to stay on their nesting range the whole year.
A stroll on some walking trails through the woods on Jan. 11 near my home resulted in my first 2020 observation of American robins. The presence of robins during the winter can be a hit-or-miss affair. After I posted my sighting on Facebook, I received plenty of anecdotal evidence to support my belief that many robins decided to skip migration this past fall and spend the winter in the region.
Jennifer Bauer, park superintendent for Sycamore Shoals State Historic Park in Elizabethton, Tennessee, posted that she saw a flock of about 25 robins at the park on Jan. 10.
Anne Powell Cowan, a resident of Bristol, Tennessee, commented that she has seen robins in Bristol all winter. "They never left," Anne wrote in her comment. "We also have a red-headed woodpecker at our farm in Sullivan County."
Betty Lacy in Elizabethton, Tennessee, posted that she is hosting a "swarm" of robins. "They love my tall hemlock hedges," Betty wrote. "I know there was well over 100 of them. They have made little openings all over the hedge where they go in and out!"
Photo by Bryan Stevens • American robins, prominent in lawns and gardens during their annual spring migration, will turn their attention to nesting duties as soon as spring arrives. For now, some are content to spend the cold winter season a little farther north than some of their kin.
Vivian Hicks has noticed plenty of robins, too. "Robins have been hopping around and feeding in my yard in Southwest Virginia," Vivian posted.
Mimi Hale has noticed the same in Elizabethton, Tennessee. "Robins have been all over my yard for the last several weeks," she commented on my post.
Dawn Peters, who resides in Jonesborough, Tennessee, posted that robins have been present at her home since before Christmas.
Gloria Walton Blevins in Damascus, Virginia, also indicated the robins haven't flown south. "They have been in Damascus all winter," Gloria commented.
Teresa Treadway in Elizabethton, Tennessee, offered a humorous take on the abundance of robins. "Mine were so confused, they never left," Teresa posted.
It was left to Catherine Romaine Henderson of Greer, South Carolina, to leave a question on my post. "Does that mean an early spring?" Catherine wondered in reaction to this winter's abundance of robins.
Photo by Bryan Stevens • An American robin perches on a branch. The robin is one of the best-known song birds in the United States.
Photo by Bryan Stevens • Even once out of the nest, young robins, such as the one pictured here, are vulnerable. Experts estimate that only 25 percent of each year's fledged robins will reach November.
Robins are such friendly and engaging birds. If we can have them near us for 12 months of the year, who's going to complain? They have even adapted to take food at feeders. If you'd like to try your luck at attracting robins to feeders, know that they like their sunflower seeds hulled. They will also eat mealworms, fruit, peanut hearts and suet. Robins prefer to feed on the ground or on an open platform feeder.
This entry was posted in American robin, Birding, Birds, Bristol, Bristol Bird Club, Bristol Herald Courier, Bryan Stevens, Bryan Stevens Feathered Friends, Elizabethton Star, Erwin Record, facebook, Johnson City Press, Jonesborough Herald and Tribube, Kingsport Times, McDowell News, Robin, Songbirds, Uncategorized, Winter birds, Young birds and tagged American robin, blog, Blogs, Bristol Herald Courier, Bryan Stevens, Elizabethton Star, Erwin Record, greeneville sun, Johnson City Press, Jonesborough Herald and Tribune, Kingsport Times, Kingsport Times-News, McDowell News, nature, Our Fine Feathered Friends, robins, Songbirds, The Erwin Record on January 26, 2020 by Bryan Stevens.
American robins become more prominent with shifting of seasons
I don't think I'm alone in doing what I can to speed along the process of spring's arrival. I've heard from different people, all eager to share their observations of one of the sure signals — the arrival of flocks of American robins — of the shifting of the winter season to spring.
Bobby Howser phoned me to let me know of a large flock of American Robins he encountered at the Sullins College building in Bristol, Virginia.
He said the flock "swarmed like bees" into a tall holly tree. He was surprised to see so many robins in a single tree and asked if it was an unusual occurrence.
Early American naturalist and painter John James Audubon painted this American robin with a couple of the bird's eggs.
Ernie Marburg in Abingdon, Virginia, emailed me about the same time.
"I just wanted to report that we have been inundated with a huge flock of mostly robins," he wrote. He estimated that the flock contained 300 to 500 individuals.
"They ate all the red berries from my neighbor's large holly tree yet appear to avoid other holly trees with many red berries just a short distance away," Ernie wrote. The flock remained active in the tree from morning into early afternoon.
Not long after he first emailed me, Ernie contacted me again. "I wanted to give you an update on the robin invasion," he wrote. "They have been here two additional mornings since I first reported to you. Their pattern is different now though. They are spaced apart and appear to be ground feeding individually."
Ernie proposed a theory about the behavior of the robins.
"I think they followed the south to north weather pattern we had recently that provided significant rainfall," he explained. "The rainfall, in turn, caused the ground to thaw and the earth worms to come to the surface thus providing a food source for the robins. In summary, the robins are following their food source."
I responded to Ernie and congratulated him on what I thought was an excellent theory.
Ernie also wrote me that he had read an article some time ago that said robins would eat cooked elbow macaroni if put out for them.
"We did that, but not one robin ate the macaroni," he said. "Moral of the story is, as you would expect, don't believe everything you read."
I've read similar suggestions of unusual items to try to tempt birds not prone to visit feeders. I told Ernie that I wasn't too surprised that the robins ignored the macaroni. The observations of robin feeding habits made by Bobby and Ernie also correspond to the changing seasons. Holly trees retain their berries into late winter, which provide an abundant food source for robins, as well as other birds. As the temperatures begin to rise in early spring, the birds switch their diet in favor of earthworms. This protein-rich food source fuels the impressive migration made by robins each year.
Photo by Bryan Stevens • An American robin scans for prey in the grass and clover of a lawn.
I posted on my Facebook page about the flocks of robins I'd observed, which resulted in several comments on my original post.
Johnny Mann, who lives in Bristol, Tennessee, shared on my Facebook page after I posted about seeing flocks of robins almost everywhere I have gone recently. He noted that he has been seeing Eastern bluebirds, which are a smaller relative of robins. He noted in his comment that the bluebirds are feeding on suet.
Jackie Lynn, who lives in Wytheville, Virginia, also posted a comment on my Facebook page. Jackie saw a large flock of robins feeding in a field, enjoying the worms brought to the surface by recent rains. "Dinner was served," Jackie reported.
Several other people responded optimistically on my Facebook page, sharing the hope that the influx of robins does indeed signal the approach of spring.
Robins begin nesting almost as soon as they return each spring. Nesting success in a previous season instills fidelity to the location where the birds nested, resulting in many robins returning to the same nesting area year after year. Although some robins invariably spent the entire winter season in the region, it is still a welcome sight to see migrating flocks of these birds in February and early March. The sudden resurgence of the American robin each spring is a reminder that another winter will soon be history. I know I'm always pleased to welcome them back.
Bryan Stevens lives near Roan Mountain, Tennessee. To learn more about birds and other topics from the natural world, friend him on Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/ahoodedwarbler. If you have a question, wish to make a comment or share a sighting, email ahoodedwarbler@aol.com.
Early American naturalist and painter John James Audubon captured this family of American robins in one of his masterful paintings.
This entry was posted in American robin, Bird, Birding, Birds, Birds attacking windows, Bristol, Bristol Herald Courier, Bryan Stevens, Bryan Stevens Feathered Friends, Common Birds of Northeast Tennessee, Elizabethton Star, Erwin Record, Johnson City Press, Jonesborough Herald and Tribube, Kingsport Times, McDowell News, Migration, nature, Spring birds, Spring migration, Uncategorized and tagged Albino American Robin, American robin, Bird, Birdwatching, Bristol Herald Courier, Bryan Stevens, Elizabethton Star, Erwin Record, John James Audubon, Johnson City Press, Jonesborough Herald and Tribune, Kingsport Times-News, McDowell News, Migrants, migrating birds, nature, Spring, The Erwin Record, thrushes., Virginia on March 4, 2018 by Bryan Stevens.
Readers report on robin, purple martin that stand out from other members of their flocks
Photo by Jean Potter • Two barn swallows in typical plumage perch on a wire with an albino individual.
Birds of a feather, as the old saying goes, tend to flock together, but what happens when a member of the flock stands out from the rest? Although conventional wisdom mandates that being conspicuous is not helpful for most wild creatures, some of them can't help but get attention. Different readers have brought to my attention some birds at their homes that instantly stood out.
Sara and Ed Gschwind, residents of Bristol, Tennessee, have been keeping tabs on an American robin in their yard that is showing an extensive amount of white feathers in its plumage. For the most part, this particular robin has a white head, largely white wings and extensive white in the typically red breast. "My 88-year-old mother, Nora Rockett, suggested I send a photo to you," Sara wrote in an email.
Photo by Ed Gschwind • A leucistic American robin enjoy time in a bird bath. Albino and leucistic birds are rather rare in nature.
Sara said that her mother, who has lived in Bristol all her life, has never seen anything like it. I replied to Sara's email, asking for a few more details.
While the robin interacts with others of its kind, the Gschwinds haven't seen any evidence this particular robin is attempting to nest. Ed took a photograph of the robin enjoying the water in a bird bath in the Gschwind yard.
"The robin bathes every day, and loves the water like all robins do," Sara wrote. "The robin has been here since the robins returned three months ago. I'm trying to keep it happy." Since the robin is a regular visitor, I agree that they're doing a good job keeping the bird happy, since it's not shown any inclination to leave their yard.
Tom Brake, who lives in Abingdon, Virginia, contacted me through Facebook about a male purple martin with extensive white feathers residing at the purple martin colony he has established at his home.
Purple martins are the largest member of the swallow family in the United States. Like many other swallow species, they nest in colonies. Martins are cavity-nesting birds that readily accept hollow gourds or special purple martin condominiums for nesting.
"Currently I have nests in 43 compartments with 20 being active (eggs having been laid)," Tom wrote. "Last year I had 51 pairs, and I hope to get close to being back to 60 or 70 active pairs this year. The next two weeks will be the busy time for completion of nests and laying."
Photo by Tom Brake • A leucistic male purple martin perches with its mate, a typical female purple martin, near a hollow gourd they may use for nesting purposes.
As for the bird showing the white feathers, Tom has named him "Leuie" because the bird is an example of leucism, a condition related to albinism.
Albinism is a genetic, or inherited, condition resulting in a complete lack of production of pigmentation. Albino birds are, for the most part, extremely uncommon. I've heard of a variety of birds, ranging from hummingbirds and American robins to various ducks and swallows, that have a tendency to produce albino individuals.
Leucism is another genetic mutation that causes affected birds to grow feathers that are pale or whitish overall. A faint pattern may be visible. Leucism is also uncommon, but is more common that albinism. Both the robin in the Gschwind yard and the purple martin at Tom's home are examples of leucistic birds.
Tom noted that "Leuie" is doing well so far. "He has a mate, but their first clutch of four eggs was either thrown out by a second year male martin or discarded by themselves because they sensed non-viability," Tom wrote in a Facebook message. "Maybe the cold, wet weather had something to do with the loss." He noted that the same thing happened recently to two other nests.
"Leuie and mate are still using their gourd, so I expect they will re-clutch," Tom wrote. The term "re-clutch" means that Leuie's mate will lay a new batch of eggs and Leuie will be ready to carry out his own paternal duties to help raise any resulting young.
Albinism and leucism are not the only conditions that can affect pigment in a bird's feathers. Some birds have the opposite problem in that they produce too much pigment, resulting in a much darker bird than what would be typical. The plumage of such affected birds is described as melanistic, which is in stark contrast to an albino bird. With a melanistic bird, the feathers are much darker than usual because of an abundance of pigment. In rare albino birds, the opposite occurs and the lack of pigment in the feathers leave them looking white. Completely albino birds also tend to have red eyes. It's probably better for a bird to be melanistic. Albino birds tend to stick out like sore thumbs, attracting the attention of predators.
Photo by Ed Gschwind • Compare the leucistic American robin in the bird bath with the typical robin perched in a nearby chair. Albino birds are rather rare in nature.
I've only seen a few albino or partial albino birds in person, although I have observed videos and photographs of such birds. During a trip to Salt Lake City, Utah, in 2006, I observed an albino Brewer's blackbird. An albino blackbird is almost an oxymoron. This particular blackbird had a white upper body and head and a black lower body. At first, I thought it might be a small tern, but closer observation — and identification of the birds with which it was associating — eventually confirmed that it was a Brewer's blackbird, a common species in Salt Lake City.
Those observations remain my best looks at albino birds in the wild. I've also seen partial albinos, including an American Crow with white feathers in its wings that inhabited the woodlands and fields at my home for several years. I've also observed a couple of American goldfinches over the years that would probably qualify as leucistic birds.
A few years ago, I saw an albino Red-tailed hawk while driving between Erwin, Tennessee, and Asheville, North Carolina, on Interstate 26. The hawk was often present near the North Carolina Visitors Center. I've also heard from readers over the years about birds such as American goldfinches and downy woodpeckers exhibiting albino tendencies.
Photo by Jean Potter • This partial albino red-tailed hawk was spotted for several years near the state line dividing northeast Tennessee and western North Carolina.
These issues involving the absence or abundance of pigment can complicate bird identification. After all, all-white birds, from snowy owls and tundra swans to great egrets and snow geese, do exist in nature. Even in these birds, however, there's usually some other color present to break up the uniformity of the bird's plumage. Keep in mind that such rarities as albino individuals of such common species as house finches and American robins can show up at your feeders or in your yard. It's just another way birds constantly surprise us.
To learn more about birds and other topics from the natural world, friend him on Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/ahoodedwarbler. He is always posting about local birds, wildlife, flowers, insects and much more.
This entry was posted in Albino birds, American robin, Birding, Birds, Carter County Compass, Elizabethton Star, Erwin Record, Nesting birds, Spring birds, Spring migration, Uncategorized, Unicoi County and tagged Albino American Robin, Bird, Birdwatching, Bristol Herald Courier, Elizabethton Star, Erwin Record, Johnson City Press, McDowell News, nature, North Carolina, Spring migration, Tennessee, Virginia on June 4, 2017 by Bryan Stevens.


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Bonani Dolok is een bestuurslaag in het regentschap Tapanuli Utara van de provincie Noord-Sumatra, Indonesië. Bonani Dolok telt 579 inwoners (volkstelling 2010).

Plaats in Noord-Sumatra

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Home Car News Testing the autonomous cars of 2020: future tech meets the real world
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► CAR investigates autonomous testing
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Tomorrow's cars are being developed in the same way as yesterday's: by clocking up thousands of arduous test miles. But as well as engines, brakes and suspension, testing must now also perfect the sensors, software and assistance systems rapidly becoming expected on even modest family cars.
Enter the boffins at PSA. The owners of Peugeot, Citroën, DS and now Vauxhall-Opel too have been working on their route to autonomous driving. It's not about sci-fi futurescapes out of Blade Runner 2049 – it's about putting in the hard yards on the road, planning for the worst, and not assuming that the highways authorities are in any hurry to enter the digital age.
We spent a day experiencing some of PSA's prototypes. But first a quick spin through the Paris suburbs in a current production car, a Citroën C4 Picasso with a pretty familiar set of 2017-spec assistance kit: active cruise control (you set the speed and the distance, or ask it to aim for the legal limit), lane keeping assistance (which can easily be over-ridden if it's foxed by peculiar road markings), active safety braking (spotting pedestrians and other potential hazards, and stopping the car if you don't). So it's mostly about helping the driver to stay out of trouble. Simple, intuitive, unintrusive.
And then we got into a Peugeot 3008 development mule, testing some of the technology that's just a couple of years away from being fitted to PSA production cars.
Tomorrow's tech today
Aside from an extra screen, a couple of stickers and some gaffer-taped wires there's nothing unusual on the inside. Outside, it's a regular 3008 but with a lot more scanners, sensors and cameras; most of the really clever stuff can't be seen.
It has built-in mapping so that it always knows where autonomous driving is allowed (that's mapping which works even if the GPS signal is weak). Because it can anticipate when autonomous mode will have to end, it flashes up a visual signal, and there's a gentle audible tone to tell the driver it's time to take over.
It can park itself. It checks you're awake. It can spot pedestrians and wildlife 100 metres ahead at night. You press the Highway Chauffeur button and it will drive itself, in some circumstances. For instance, it can perform flawless overtakes: the driver indicates, but then the car makes a judgement about the timing and speed of the manoeuvre. (Yes, just like on the latest Mercedes S-Class, already in production, but at five times the price of a 3008.)
It's remarkable how natural all this seems. It's just a normal car that in some circumstances can drive more economically and more safely than a human driver.
Real people on board
Currently 20 prototypes are being run by PSA and its partners. The testing combines lab simulation with expert testers on road and track but also – since March 2017 – regular folk too. More than 1000 non-professional drivers have been out in autonomous prototypes on public roads. As well as finding out what aspects of the new technology need tweaking, and which sensor locations are best for avoiding dirt and damage, the tests are also providing valuable information about how the typical driver interacts with potentially intimidating self-driving features.
Carla Gohin, PSA's head of innovation and research, is keen to stress the positives: 'Some oppose autonomous functions to the pleasure of driving. But in fact, it's an incredible opportunity: choose to drive or be driven; choose to have new on-board experiences; get more time for other activities; enjoy a new living space.'
She also highlights the gradual, incremental nature of the PSA approach, in contrast to the incoming tech companies – Apple, Google etc – who want to bypass the intermediate stages and go straight to full Level 5 autonomy.
When will this reach the showroom?
From 2020, most PSA cars will have the group's new electronic architecture. This involves 20 sensors (12 ultrasonic sensors, six cameras, five radar scanners, one laser scanner), giving the car a 360º picture of its surroundings, and a view of 200 metres ahead; plus embedded HD mapping; vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure connective capability; a big bucket of algorithms enabling the car to make the right decisions based on all this information; and an interface enabling unambiguous communication with the driver.
PSA takes a belt-and-braces approach: pretty much everything has a back-up system, and the car must be able to work on the remotest rural back road, regardless of GPS or phone signal, albeit not in autonomous mode.
Electronics whizz, Eric Dequi, explains that PSA won't be squeezing all of this tech into every car, although in most cases it would be physically possible as the scanners aren't particularly big or heavy. 'Not all drivers want to pay for all of this. This issue is cost, not technical, although size could be an issue if the engine compartment is very small.'
Is this stuff actually legal?
PSA's Jean-Francois Huerre also emphasises the dangers of getting carried away with the possibilities opened up by digital developments. The Vienna Convention (the international treaty standardising traffic rules) allows Levels 1 and 2 autonomy (for instance, adaptive cruise control and active lane departure warning, both of which can be deactivated or over-ridden by the driver) but requires further negotiation before it's legal to activate Level 3 (the driver can be 'eyes off', but able to intervene at a moment's notice).
He anticipates that it will be 2020 at the earliest before drivers are allowed to do something else while the car drives itself. Insurance, training and licensing all need updating. 'Who would trust an autonomous vehicle if you thought you'd face the legal and financial repercussions of your car crashing?'
Insurers, Huerre says, expect there to be fewer repairs required in the future, but the average repair to cost more, because of the need to replace expensive sensors.
The Martians have landed
Wind River has announced that it's going big on real-world testing. What's Wind River? It's an Intel-owned company specialising in software for the Internet of Things, and it's been involved in Mars Rovers, as well as working on the software in many military projects, trains, planes and the infotainment systems on millions of cars. They don't use the phrase 'mission critical software' lightly.
Wind River has teamed up with the Transportation Research Center (the largest proving ground in the USA), the Center for Automotive Research at Ohio State University (the second largest university in the US, with a 9000-student College of Engineering) and the local authorities in Central Ohio for a programme of developing and testing connected and autonomous vehicles.
One of the attractions of Ohio is the presence of the Smart Mobility Corridor, which involves a cluster of tech companies focused on a 35-mile stretch of Route 33 between Dublin and East Liberty. It's wired up with high-capacity fibre optic cable, linking researchers to data from sensors along the road, with more on the way. Government and some private industry fleet vehicles are wired up to provide data, too. The corridor could eventually extend much further – from New York to Chicago – as the US moves to position itself for the hotly contested title of world leader in the field.
Old meets new
Wind River's general manager of connected vehicle solutions Marques McCammon understands better than most the crucial importance of putting in the miles. Unusually for a tech player, he's from an old-school car industry background, having been at Chrysler when they launched the SRT division and with Saleen for the creation of the S7.
'When you're working in commercial aircraft, the Mars Rover, trains, robots in assembly plants… those systems really can't afford to fail. We've been in automotive since 2005 in earnest. We've touched more than 100 million vehicles.
'We have to find a meeting place between old and new. We have to find a way of getting 100-plus years of validating automobiles and bringing it into this area of AI, tech, software,' he says.
'Developing and testing new vehicles is an arduous process, in all weathers, all surfaces, over many miles. In Central Ohio we found this confluence of greatness. It's an environment where testing is a lot more practical.'
Wind River and its partners aim to create autonomous and connected 'rolling lab' test vehicles. The bulk of the testing will be away from the public, at the vast Transportation Research Center facility, which includes 4500 acres of road courses and a 7.5-mile high-speed bowl.
The TRC is in the process of creating the industry's largest high-speed intersection, and detailed mock-ups of urban and rural roads. The use of Route 33 brings into play that extra element of reality: it has up to 50,000 vehicle movements a day.
Oily thinking for the digital age
Many future-mobility ideas aren't from people with an automotive background, McCammon notes. This can mean they're refreshingly free of baggage, but can also mean they're far from practical.
'If we can bring our experience – being around since the '80s makes us a really mature tech company – together with car guys and academics, I think we can make something that consumers will benefit from. The connected vehicle is the closest thing to a moonshot the automotive industry has seen in five decades. It's moving fast, and there's a lot of money being invested.'
And what about the driving enthusiast? 'Consumers are putting a lot of value on in-car apps, connected capability, autonomous driving ability, over-the-air updates, rather than all the places where automakers have historically invested: steering wheel, gas pedal, brakes.
But not every person who interacts with a vehicle thinks in the same way. Maybe automated functions can make sense on a 911 in traffic, but then you take back control on another part of the journey. There are reasons for excitement as well as caution.'
Check out more tech news here
By Colin Overland
CAR's managing editor: wordsmith, critic, purveyor of fine captions
Peugeot GT 2.0 BlueHDi 180 S&S EAT8 auto 5d
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Peugeot 1.6 BlueHDi (120bhp) Allure 5d
22,706 miles • Manual • Diesel • £10,490
Peugeot 1.6 e-HDi Allure 5d EGC
62,488 miles • Automatic • Diesel • £6,520
Peugeot GT Line 1.6 BlueHDi 120 S&S 5d
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23,657 miles • Manual • Petrol • £17,498

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Pooler is located in Georgia. Pooler, Georgia has a population of 23,133. Pooler is more family-centric than the surrounding county with 43.88% of the households containing married families with children. The county average for households married with children is 26.83%.
The median household income in Pooler, Georgia is $68,787. The median household income for the surrounding county is $46,987 compared to the national median of $53,482. The median age of people living in Pooler is 34.5 years.
The average high temperature in July is 92.4 degrees, with an average low temperature in January of 38.6 degrees. The average rainfall is approximately 47.8 inches per year, with 0.3 inches of snow per year.


Some of our most popular local attractions include The Silk Mill in Whitchurch, The Bombay Sapphire Distillery at Laverstoke and Highclere Castle (famous for the film set of Downton Abbey). We are also perfectly situated for the Clockbarn Wedding Venue.
As well as these we have beautiful walks nearby including Watership Down (the base of the book written by Richard Adams) and direct access for walkers onto The Wayfarers Way.
Whitchurch; St. Mary Bourne; Longparish; Kingsclere; Highclere Castle; Andover; Newbury; Newbury Race Course; Sandham Memorial Chapel.
Basingstoke; Winchester; Stockbridge; The Vyne; Thruxton; Museum of Army Flying; Danebury Ring; Alresford and Watercress Line; Wyld Court Rain Forest.
Jane Austens House; Stonehenge; Romsey and Broadlands; Southampton and Docks.
New Forest; Portsmouth; Oxford; Salisbury.


The prestigious RFG Awards, which recognise excellence in all aspects of rail freight, are now closed for entries.
Winners will be presented with their trophies at an informal ceremony and dinner on Tuesday 11 September 2018 at a new venue this year, the De Vere Latimer Estate, Chesham, Bucks HP5 1UG.
Those entrants who have been shortlisted for an award, will be advised at least one month before the date of the awards dinner.
Guests are to call the in-house reservations team between the hours of 0800-1600 on Tel: 01494 545504 to book one of the contracted bedrooms. Card details will be taken at the time of booking to confirm the bedrooms, guests are to quote AWAR110918 when calling to book one of the bedrooms.


The National trust is Britain's largest conservation charity, looking after our historic and landscape heritage.
Set in the heart of an historic landscape, with spiral staircases, battlements and a portcullis, 14th century Bodiam Castle is one of Britain's most picturesque and romantic ancient monuments. Windows where arrows were once shot, a tower that was once a look-out and ruins that were once walked upon by knights; this is a place where you can relive your childhood memories and let your imagination run riot.
In the impressive gatehouse is the castle's original wooden portcullis, an extremely rare example of its kind. Enough of the interior ruins survive to give an impression of castle life and gruesome and surprising tales can often be heard from our webster, forester and other colourful characters from the past. Plus we have lots of seasonal events throughout the year.
The chance to undertake a 2-week placement as a Student Conservation Assistant, where you can gain experience in castle conservation, managing volunteers and an insight into National Trust operations.


We are based in Stockwell SW9 and we provide a complete boiler repairs and installation service in the area.
If you have suffered a boiler breakdown and you need a heating engineer we can normally get to you within 1 hour. All of our gas engineers are fully trained on all makes and models of boilers.
We understand that a boiler breakdown can be very frustrating and inconvenient for people and this is why for emergency boiler repairs in Stockwell we do offer a 24 hour 7 days a week service in the winter time.
CALL us today to book your boiler repair in Stockwell and also if you require on new central heating boiler or any heating controls installations etc.
We provide boiler and heating engineers to both domestic and commercial jobs in your area.
Our boiler repairs services are very extensive and we cover everything from very minor repairs to gas boilers to the complete installation of new central heating systems for customers.
Central Heating Surveys and room BTU calculations etc.


text:
Music Review - Grimes - "Art Angels" - By Ryan Lowell
Like any good music snob, I'm hesitant to let myself enjoy something that sounds too poppy. I've had my fair share of guilty pleasure moments when I hear a snippet of top-40 ear candy in public, but they have always felt more guilty than pleasurable. I would never admit that I secretly enjoy it when my dorky college buddy puts "Never Getting Back Together" by Taylor Swift on at his backyard barbecue. Like ever. But all of that changed this month when one of my favorite music snob approved musicians, Claire Boucher, aka Grimes, put out an undeniably poppy album called "Art Angels."
If you listen to "Visions," Boucher's 2012 breakout album, and "Art Angels" back to back, her transition into mainstream pop contender sounds seamless; it wasn't. Boucher's first flirtation with mainstream pop came when she wrote "Go," which was intended to be a single for Rihanna. "Go" ended up in pop purgatory after being dismissed by Rihanna's camp for not being poppy enough and condemned by Grimes fans for being too poppy. Wounded, Boucher decided to scrap the entire album she was working on, but not before sharing a demo called "Realiti." It was perhaps the catchiest song she had ever released, and fans loved it. The same Internet trolls who bullied Boucher into tossing out an entire album claimed that "Realiti" was the best Grimes song to date.
Which brings us to "Art Angels," an album that flaunts its pop sensibilities with a pride that's contagious in its listeners. Even me. The beauty of the album is that it's accessible without sacrificing any of Boucher's experimental leanings. One "Art Angels" standout is the bubbly "Butterfly," which brings to mind Mariah Carey's album of the same name. Another is "Scream," which features Taiwanese rap verses from Aristophanes and, you guessed it, lots of screaming. The album is at its best when its artistic and angelic sides are working in tandem. An example is "Kill v. Maim," where the cheerleader chant of a chorus simultaneously satirizes gender norms and makes you want to dance. It remains to be seen whether "Art Angels" will actually earn Grimes success among the masses, but on a personal level, it has helped me come to grips with something I've been denying my entire life. My name is Ryan Lowell and I'm a pop music fan.
Music Review - Grimes - "Art Angels" - By Ryan Low...
Movie Review - Bridge of Spies - Review by Jordan ...
Movie review - Love the Coopers - By Niels Mank
Movie review - Spectre - By Emily Maier
Movie review - Goosebumps (PG) - By Jordan Dos San...
Movie review - Crimson Peak (R) - review by Gardne...


text:
ACCEPTED

#### According to
International Plant Names Index

#### Published in
Revis. gen. pl. 2:449. 1891

#### Original name
Brachistus dimorphus Miers

### Remarks
null

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Henry Richard "Hank" Shawback, Jr.
Henry Richard "Hank" Shawback, Jr., age 86 of Blooming Prairie, Minnesota, passed away peacefully Sunday afternoon, March 31, 2019 at Prairie Manor Care Center in Blooming Prairie surrounded by his loving family. Born May 14, 1932 to Getta (Gilbertson) and Henry William Shawback, Sr., Hank grew up near Hayfield where he graduated from high school in 1951. He married Arlis Robertson on June 7, 1958 in Ellendale. To this union five children were born. Hank worked at Owatonna Canning Company for 22 years. After his retirement in 1991 he worked for area farmers. A member of the Owatonna Eagles, Hank enjoyed gardening, mowing his lawn and spending time with his grandchildren and great grandchildren.
Survivors include his wife Arlis Shawback of Blooming Prairie, Minnesota; children, Dale (Teresa) Shawback of Manchester, Minnesota; Julie Halla of Blooming Prairie, Minnesota; Lucy (Scott) Adank of Stratford, Wisconsin; Duane (Nikki) Shawback of Albert Lea, Minnesota and Gary Shawback of Blooming Prairie, Minnesota; fifteen grandchildren; nine great grandchildren; brothers, Arthur (LaVonne) Shawback of Austin, Minnesota; Raymond Shawback of Texas; Cathy Shawback; of Blooming Prairie, MN, many nieces, nephews, other relatives and friends. He was preceded in death by his parents, Lee (Gladys) Shawback; John (Chlorice) Shawback; Joseph (Evelyn) Shawback; Merv (Helen) Shawback; Leslie Shawback; sisters, Marion Peterson; Carol (Donald) Decker, brother-in-law, Neil Robertson; sisters-in-law, Phyliss Shawback; Lilah Robertson.
Memorial services will be held at 11:00 a.m., Saturday, April 6, 2019 at Worlein Blooming Prairie Funeral Home. Visitation is from 4:00 to 7:00 p.m., Friday, April 5, at the Worlein Blooming Prairie Funeral Home, and will continue for one hour prior to the service on Saturday. In lieu of flowers, the family prefers memorials.


text:
Der Typ 33 ist ein Küstenmotorschiffstyp der Sietas-Werft in Hamburg-Neuenfelde.

Geschichte
Die Baureihe wurde in den Jahren 1964 bis 1968 von verschiedenen Reedereien geordert und in 30 Einheiten gebaut. Eingesetzt wurden die Freidecker anfangs vorwiegend in der kleinen und mittleren Fahrt. Die wenigen noch vorhandenen Schiffe des Typs findet man heute, teilweise auch umgebaut und meist ohne Ladegeschirr, weltweit in der Küstenfahrt. Die Rachel Corrie (ehemals Carsten) geriet Anfang Juni 2010 in die Schlagzeilen, als sie bei einem Versuch, die Küste Gazas anzulaufen von israelischen Kräften aufgebracht wurde.

Technik

Die drei Laderäume mit einem Getreide-Rauminhalt von 2.413 m³ haben jeweils ein Zwischendeck. Die Lukengrößen betragen 9,60 Meter Länge mal 6,20 Meter Breite bei Luke 1 und 10,80 Meter Länge mal 8,00 Meter Breite bei den Luken 2 und 3. Durch die weitestgehend unverbaute Form des Laderaums mit geringem Unterstau ist der Schiffstyp auch in der Zellulose- oder Paketholzfahrt einsetzbar, bei der etwa 400 Standards Holz gestaut werden konnten. Mit Ausnahme des Untertyps 33e, der kein Ladegeschirr besaß, erhielten die meisten Schiffe der Baureihe serienmäßig drei Ladebäume mit einer Tragkraft von jeweils drei Tonnen. Abweichend davon hatte die Gertrud Hauschildt, das einzige Schiff des Untertyps 33c, zwei 3-Tonnen-Ladebäume und einen mittschiffs angeordneten 8-Tonnen-Kran.

Die ab 1966 gefertigten Untertypen 33c, 33d und 33e besitzen höhere Aufbauten und haben ein zusätzliches Deck unter der Brücke. Der Untertyp 33e ist nach Fertigstellung der ebenfalls bei Sietas entstandenen Bell Vanguard auf den Transport von Containern angepasst worden, von denen er 50 TEU stauen kann. Alle Schiffe der Baureihe besitzen eine ebene Tankdecke mit durchgehenden Doppelboden. Es wurden stählerne Lukendeckel des Herstellers McGregor verwendet. Angetrieben werden sie von Viertakt-Dieselmotoren verschiedener Hersteller, die bei der Mehrzahl der Schiffe auf einen Festpropeller wirken.

Die Schiffe

Weblinks

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

Küstenmotorschiffstyp
J. J. Sietas


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text:
Classical Music Home > Mark Robbins
MARK ROBBINS
Seattle Symphony associate principal horn Mark Robbins has been a member of the orchestra since 1981. In addition he performs as principal horn with Seattle Opera, and is a member of the Chautauqua Symphony Orchestra, a summer orchestra in upstate New York. A featured soloist with the Seattle and Chautauqua symphonies on a number of occasions, Robbins has performed often with the Seattle Chamber Players and on the Seattle Symphony's Chamber series. Robbins was formerly a member of the Florida Philharmonic Orchestra, and has performed at the Spoleto, Tanglewood and Olympic Music festivals. Robbins is also an active teacher and has appeared as a featured soloist and given masterclasses at horn symposiums, and is a coach for the Seattle Youth Symphony.
PFITZNER, H.: Symphony in C Major / SCHUMANN, R.: Concertstuck (Seattle Symphony, Schwarz) Naxos
8.572770 Orchestral
For picture licensing, please contact customer service.
Copyright © 2020 Naxos Digital Services Ltd. All rights reserved. Terms of Use Privacy Policy -31-


text:
Peter S. Petralia, PhD
The calm in many storms
Peter on LinkedIn
A god and a guillotine
January 21, 2013 In Art, Personal, Travel
This post might be slightly incoherent from jet lag and the swirl of being in two worlds at once. Apologies in advance.
We had a productive first day at the Tramway today where Proto-type are working on a big music-driven, performance piece in a very big space. I've wanted to make a really large-scale show for a long time and this one comes close to being hitting that mark. Something about the expansive nature of a piece that is fully (or nearly fully) sung through and where the canvas for the visuals is the size of a multi-story building, feels totally decadent. I've written about the show elsewhere on this blog and over on the Proto-type blog, so I won't go into all the details of the show again, but it toys with themes of death, love, loss, forgiveness, faith and the way tiny actions can become meaningful for no good reason. I guess I always write shows that are in some way about my current mental state (egotistical, I know), but there is something emotionally intense about this piece for me. Even the song about the red-faced, scabbed face man who beats his girlfriend (sang as a kind of sea-shanty) makes me tremble a bit.
It has also been super surreal being in the UK and back in a rehearsal room after making my move to New York. Suffice to say, it has brought up a lot of emotions that are not in this show but are related to my relationship to theater, work and life. It is a complex mush of feelings but at the moment I'm just glad that I'm going to be able to see this piece to fruition because, frankly, I think it has the potential to be brilliant. We'll see if it turns out that way – there is often a fine line between brilliance and garbage in my opinion. We're risking a lot with this piece, but I don't seem to be afraid of risk…
Here are two snaps of what we were up to today; more soon:
Rebecca behind the gauze with a test of Adam's words projected on the inset screen.
Gillian, Leentje and Wes learning the very difficult prologue, with its insanely close harmonies and difficult-to-sing-dissonances.
I'll post more photos and maybe some video later this week as we get more into the piece. So far, we've hung a giant gauze curtain (bigger than the one we used for Whisper, which was too small for this space!), focused a million lights, hung projection panels and screens, rehearsed a song that we've been struggling with for many months, did a sound check and tested animation on some new surfaces. By the end of the day, we were all wiped out but I'm feeling confident that this thing has legs.
Hopefully over the next few days we'll get it into shape for our showing Saturday, which is already selling like crazy (more pre-sale tickets than most Tramway shows and it is only a work in progress). If you're in the neighborhood, come on by.
#peter petralia #process #proto-type #rehearsal #Technology #theater #theatre #travel
Somewhere in a far away land
Notes on TGTGATG…
Coconut Milk Spring Greens
Artist-in-Residence in Japan
Old Family Footage
Walnut and honey soda bread
© 2023 Peter S. Petralia, PhD


The Story County Board of Supervisors were tasked with an age-old question on Tuesday when discussing future improvements to the Cameron School Road and George Washington Carver intersection — is it better to install a traffic light or roundabout?
Ultimately, the Board unanimously agreed to direct county staff to engage in exploratory conversations on the addition of a roundabout, or traffic circle at the intersection of Cameron School Road and George Washington Carver.
"I think a roundabout would do a much better job (at that intersection) to prevent further accidents than a left turn lane could," said Board Chair Linda Murken.
The conversation stems from a traffic study that projected traffic volume would increase by the year 2034, as well as concerns of visibility concerns, from motorists.
One of the recommendations is to address the need for additional turn lanes and a traffic signal or a roundabout in order to provide the best possible level of service at the intersection.
Level of service is used to analyze roadways and intersections by categorizing traffic flow and assigning quality levels of traffic based on performance measures like vehicle speed, density and congestion.
The documents state that if there's no buildout of a traffic circle or roundabout by 2040, the projected level of service for the intersection would grade as a "D" and "C" for daytime and nighttime commutes, respectively.
A scenario with a projected 2020 buildout estimated that a traffic light would create daytime level of service of a "C" and a nighttime level of service of a "D", as opposed to a roundabout, which all three supervisors agreed provides the best flow of traffic, that grades as a "B" for both day and night scenarios.
Darren Moon, Story County engineer, listed the pros and cons of a decision to proceed with a traffic light and a roundabout at the intersection.
Moon said that a traffic light would be easier to maintain during the winter and could be more pedestrian and bicycle friendly. However, Moon said a roundabout would assist better with traffic flow, despite taking more land to build with additional roundabout additions to help re-route traffic.
- The board honored and proclaimed April 13, 2019, as Bev Kruempel Day. Kruempel is the winner of the third Annual Making Democracy Work Award, presented by the League Of Women Voters Of Ames & Story County.
-The board also approved to send the budget amendment notice for publication, and noted that the public hearing on the budget amendments will take place on April 30.
- ASSET's funding request of $7,200 for FY 2020 was declined until the Board's needs assessment is done.


text:
Q: xpath return UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf8' codec can't decode byte 0x93 in position 211: invalid start byte I want to scrap data from top gainers(%) from the link but it return UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf8' codec can't decode byte 0x93 in position 211: invalid start byte
import requests
from lxml import html
page_indo = requests.get('http://www.sinarmassekuritas.co.id/id/index.asp')
indo = html.fromstring(page_indo.content)
indo = indo.xpath('//tr/td/text()')

I do not found anything weird in line 211 when I view the source of the page. Please guide how to avoid this error and get the data in the top gainer(%) in table
Updated
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<script type="text/javascript">
<!--
function MM_reloadPage(init) {  //reloads the window if Nav4 resized
  if (init==true) with (navigator) {if ((appName=="Netscape")&&(parseInt(appVersion)==4)) {
    document.MM_pgW=innerWidth; document.MM_pgH=innerHeight; onresize=MM_reloadPage; }}
  else if (innerWidth!=document.MM_pgW || innerHeight!=document.MM_pgH) location.reload();
}
MM_reloadPage(true);`

I am not sure what is the 211 try to point out. Triplee said it is 211th character from the beginning of the offending line

*

*If it counted from <!DOCTYPE html, then the character is (... reloads the window ...) i

*if counted from <script type="text/javascript">, then it will be document.MM**_**
I am not sure how one of these two will cause the error

A: I downloaded a copy of this data and found the offending character at offset 103826. The error message from lxml isn't very helpful for debugging this.
The context around that place in the file is (wrapped for legibility)
b'tas Pancasakti Tegal dengan tema : \x93Pasar Modal sebagai'
b' indikator perekonomian negaradan peluang investasi pasar '
b'modal\x94.</td>'

I don't speak this language (Indonesian Malay?) so I have no idea what the offending character is supposed to represent, but https://tripleee.github.io/8bit#93 suggests a left curly quote U+201C in some legacy Windows 8-bit encoding, and the \x94 at the end of this fragment seems to reinforce this guess.

A: For anyone else looking to solve this issue of unicode and XPath, it works for me:
Assuming, page = requests.get(url), instead of creating html tree of lxml using this way:
tree = html.fromstring(page.content)

Use this:
tree = html.fromstring(page.content.decode("utf-8", "replace"))

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


""Why don't you come up sometime and see me?"
What is there I can say about one of my favorite men?
I guess we can go to the start of my love for Harold.
Silent films used to scare the pants off me. I mean, they were creepy, grainy and the music sounded like something you heard in a funeral home. Well, One night after a car accident when I was 18, I was flipping though the channels. It was about 2 am and nothing was on. I have always been in love with New York, Babe Ruth & Coney Island. So, when I caught this BEAUTIFUL Black and White image of Coney Island on my TV, I stopped. Is this film really a silent? The music was cheerful, the quality was amazing and the actor was not creepy at all! So I watched. I fell in love. The next morning I got up and decided to find more films with this handsome man in horn rimmed glasses. I got on the internet and found out he was Harold Lloyd and the best part? He was from Nebraska and better yet, he was from a town only 45 miles from me! What the What?!?
I was beyond excited and thrilled to find a few Harold Lloyd clips on you tube. I contacted my friend Cohen who did a blogtalk radio show on classic films and began to question him on this Lloyd guy. He gave me some info, and send me some films he had and I was blown away. He was funny, and the movies were amazing. After more research I found that his home in Burchard, Nebraska was still there and better yet had been restored and you could visit the Harold Lloyd Birth Home. We loaded the car on a Sunday afternoon and drove over.
The house was locked up but there was a number to call on the front door. We walked around, looked and took some photos and left. We went back a few weeks later with an appointment and got in the house. While it is small, only about 3 rooms…it was still fun to imagine the Lloyd family in the late 1800's running through that small Burchard house.
An idea sprung up when the lady who gave us the tour mentioned they hardly have enough money to heat/cool it or even keep it painted. A wonderful group of locals donated time, and money to keep it going but it wasnt enough. So, I called my friend Cohen and the First Annual Harold Lloyd Bash was born.
The first event was great! We had lots of Harold Films Donated by Kino, the Pawnee City Promotional Network donated money for food and the Harold Lloyd Collection, we had a 4th grade class come clear across Nebraska to join the fun and when the night hit, we had films on the side of the house. It was pure magic!
We were on cloud nine. The next year, we tried to do the same thing but the turn out was awful. We were very disheartened. We had not made even $100 for the upkeep of the house. We were in a hard spot. Try again or wait a year or two. So, we waited. So, I am asking you…begging you to consider contacting me for info on how to send money to keep the house going. Even if it is $5.00! They need money for the utilities, lawn care and painting. We have been fighting to keep this place alive for years now and it has become very personal for me. Or better yet, come visit and drop me a line. I would love to give you the tour!
Now, why am I drawn to this man? Take my favorite film of his "Speedy" He is sweet, handsome and hilarious. "It Smells Like Rain" is a phrase I use often and it makes my husband and I giggle every time. If you have seen the film, when he yells that, that means there is trouble. The Coney Island sequence is one of the greatest in any film and the cameo by Babe Ruth and footage of NYC is just amazing. It is like stepping back in time. (Watch for Harold Flipping himself the bird also) Harold plays a soda jerk who looses his job, he is an avid baseball (Yankee) fan and is taking care of his lady and her "pop". I wont go into the entire plot but, I think this is a great starter film for Non-Silent fans.
Dr. Jack, this film opens with a little girl calling Dr. Jack (Harold) to come to her house. After some mishaps he makes it to find out his patient is this little girls Dolly. Sweet and funny all in one.
Another one of my favorites is "For Heaven's Sake" find it and watch is ASAP! Harold plays a millionaire who falls for a girl (who is poorer than him) and works in her brothers mission. The scene where he is eating her desserts is hilarious!
Safety Last. That is all I need to say. This film is perfection from start to finish!
I have loved nearly every film Harold has done. I have also loved exploring the person he was before the boy in the Horn Rimmed Glasses.
He was a man who married one of his sweetest Co-Stars Mildred Davis.
He was a man who posed with what he thought was a prop bomb, only to have it blow up near his face and nearly blind him, and he lost all but two of his fingers. His prosthetic hand is easy to spot in some of his films.
He was a 3D photographer who worked with women like Marilyn Monroe.
He was a dog lover.
He was a man who lost some of his films in a vault fire on his estate Green Acres.
He was a Shriner, Father, and very devoted grandfather who raised his granddaughter.
He was above all things, the man who welcomed me into Silents and introduced me to my love of Keaton, Chaplin, Chaney, and the silent Garbo, Crawford and Shearer. He instilled into me a grand love of all things silent! This passion led me to some of my best friends, Cohen, Angie, Tanya & Gary, and many other great friends like Trevor, Kellee, Kristen, Bruce, Bill, Annette, and more!
I find that the best way to argue with anyone who says they "HATE" silent films is to give them a good Harold Lloyd film. The crisp picture and story line will draw them in and they will fall in love. Im so proud that Harold is our "hometown" boy!
If I had a Million Dollars….


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"CONTINUUM" ACTOR VICTOR WEBSTER STARS IN "A GOOD MAN"
Victor Webster, known for his starring recurring role in the television series "Continuum" is featured alongside Steven Seagal in "A Good Man" movie.
Photo courtesy of Crystalsky Media
Steven Seagal plays Alexander Coates in "A Good Man" where he meets Sasha Ivanov (played by Webster) two years after his voluntary recluse from his life as a Special Forces agent. Sasha works as an enforcer for a Russian mobster known as Vladimir who is forced to pay off a debt from his father that has been passed down to his family. When low level gangsters start turning up dead and money begins to disappear, Sasha suspects that he is being set up to take the fall. And when his sisters Mya and Lena are kidnapped by Vladimir, Sasha turns to the only man who can help – Alexander Coates.
Sasha and Alexander take on Vladimir's men as well as the mysterious Mr. Chen to rescue Sasha's sisters. Alexander is fighting to do what is right while Sasha is fighting for the most important thing in his life – his family. Action and mayhem ensue as the body count rises with Alexander returning to what he does best – killing in the name of what's right.
"There are just so many action sequences in this movie" says Victor Webster "And it was great performing next to an action star such as Steven Seagal". Born in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Webster then began his theatrical film career in the box office smash "Bringing Down the House." During this time he continued to alternate between television and theatrical film roles. He has had guest appearances on shows including Bones, CSI, NCIS, Criminal Minds, Necessary Roughness and Single Ladies.
He has also had recurring roles on such shows as, Related, Charmed, Lincoln Heights, Harper's Island, Melrose Place and Castle. Victor holds a black belt in Tae Kwon Do and has taught and competed in many forms of martial arts. He holds an undefeated record as a heavyweight in both Tae Kwon Do competition and amateur kick boxing, and is also a multiple medal winner in the no gi jiu jitsu world championships.
Labels: a good man, victor webster
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Today I'm excited to share a different kind of post. I get tons of questions about how to start a blog, and how I started, and people are always interested to know how I made this blogging thing into a career. So today I'm sharing just that!
I probably need to start at the very beginning.
When I was newly married and still in college, I was studying at BYU in their art program. I loved art — specifically drawing and painting — and planned to make that my career. I lived out of state (I grew up in Las Vegas), so my mom suggested I started a blog to document the art I was creating in school. Did you know that's why it's called Merrick's Art?
Fast forward a few years, I graduated from college, was studying under a few local artists, had quit my day job, and was staying at home with my first baby. I really loved art, but I was feeling increasingly frustrated by it because I just didn't feel creative. If you gave me a photograph, I could create a pretty painting from it (and that's mostly what I did), but I didn't have any fresh, creative, or new ideas, and the thought of coming up with a show of 10 or more cohesive and themed paintings just made me want to puke with fear. I had artistic creative block, always.
Around that time, my mom got a new sewing machine and gave me her old one. I'd taken sewing classes for a couple of years in middle school so I knew the basics and had made some very nice pillowcases, pencil holders, and pajama pants (ha!) but I hadn't sewn anything in over ten years.
Also around that time, Philip and I cleaned out our closets and made a donation pile. I happened to weed through that pile and snag an old polo shirt of his, and with my new machine I worked a little magic (actually there were plenty of mistakes from this newbie seamstress) to make it a shirt for me. I happened to post that on my blog, which had now become less of an art blog and more of a post-whatever-I-want blog, and it happened to be right around the time Pinterest was making its big debut. And the post went viral. Well, as viral as a tiny art blog clothing refashion could go back in 2011. It got pinned thousands and thousands of times, I got a ton of emails, and for years it was the most viewed post on my blog.
Have any of you been around since then and remember this??
I had people emailing me, asking me if I had a facebook page and a twitter account, or if I could share other tutorials. It was exciting and confusing and completely unexpected.
But the thing I learned the most from it was, I was creative.
For years I'd felt like a fraud when people had told me I was so creative with painting. Because I knew I wasn't. I had painting skills, but I didn't have painting creativity. But with clothing, I felt that creativity. Real creativity that keeps you up at night because you're so excited about a new idea. Creativity that consumes and motivates and pushes boundaries. It was so incredibly exciting and freeing that I'd found my creative passion.
BUT…I still wasn't very good at sewing. In fact, I was pretty terrible. And I still had no idea what to do with all these new blog followers. But I had motivation and passion that made me want to keep going, regardless of how many followers I had. I wanted to sew, and I wanted to share, and I wanted to learn how to put outfits together (even though I wasn't very good at that either).
So for the next few years I did a lot of sewing — mostly refashions — and styling, and a lot of Googling. Cause I had no idea how to be a blogger.
When we moved to California in late 2012, right after Fos was born, I decided it was time to really push myself to the next level, because I knew that I really loved blogging, and I wanted to make it into something more. The biggest change I felt I could make was creating better content. I decided the best way to do that was to become better at sewing, and have better images. So for the next year, I really focused on that, and with these changes came more exposure, more connections, more opportunities, and increased growth.
In early 2014 I attended my first blogging conference, in the hopes that I could take my blog to the next level. And this turned out to be a turning point in my career as a blogger. Up to this point I'd probably made less than $500 on my blog.
On the first night of the conference we had a brand dinner, and we got to choose which of the brand sponsors we'd like to eat with. I chose Collectively, a brand new influencer agency, not really knowing who they were or what they did. It was a complete shot in the dark, but it has turned out to be one of my best blogging relationships to date.
Whenever people hear that my job is as a blogger, the first question is, "How do you make money off of blogging?" And that's where amazing companies like Collectively come in. They're the go-between for influencers and brands, and over the last three years they've brought in a huge percentage of my sponsored content, and connected me with brands I'd only dreamed of working with.
There are a lot of influencer agencies out there, and finding ones that fit with your niche and your brand can be difficult, and that's what I love so much about Collectively. They have such a wide variety of both influencers and brands that they work with, and they're amazing at connecting me, as the blogger, with companies and opportunities that fit my brand.
As a creator and maker, I want to have time to do the creative stuff — not spend my time writing contracts or trying to manage payments and collections. So having a great agency who you trust, who wants you to be successful, and helps you stay true to yourself and your brand, is key in building a successful brand. I have recommend them to so many of my blogger friends, and if you're trying to build your blog or brand, they're an amazing place to start.
As much as I cringe looking back at my old posts and photos, when I was taking my own pictures with a tripod in my bedroom, and then in the backyard of our condo complex, and then in random spots where I hoped no one would drive by, I also love seeing how much progress I've made over the years to get where I am today. I love seeing how my passion for sewing, and my drive for creativity and skill turned my little hobby into a job, and I'm grateful for the people along the way who have helped me turn this passion into a dream job.
Oh my gosh ! I WAS around, and remember that polo shirt refashion! I also remember your bio back then which talked about your art, and I think you taught children art too maybe? You look so different too – you were always pretty but now you are super-polished & extra gorgeous!
Hi there! I was googling blog posts about how to start an art career and somehow i fouND this poSt! What's really weird is that i did not Specifically search for A mormon…and yet yoU mentioned in this same post abot being one (im one too) So craZy! Anyways i'm an artist, Wife and mother of four, aNd a military spouse that is trying to jumpstart my art career… how much WOuld It benefit me to blog as well? I'm thinking it would be a good aVenuE. Thanks for your post!
Thank you for sharing this! I love reading your blog and love your style and am always so inspired by the pieces you create – wish I could do that! It's so inspiring to hear from someone I look up to as a blogger talk about how they got started and how they turned a passion project into a career. After a failed blog (I just sort of gave up) a few years ago I have decided to give it another go recently (now that I'm a seasoned mama and know myself better and all – haha, yea right!) and it's so very hard to put yourself out there in the hopes that others read it and like it and find it relatable! Thanks for sharing your awesome and cuteness with the rest of us! And congrats on all the success!
I just saw your comment around it being hard to put yourself out there in the hopes that others will read it, right after I wrote almost the same thing, haha, glad to know I'm not alone 🙂 Have you restarted your blog already? I'd love to take a look!
Thanks for supporting each other, you guys! I love this community so much — you are wonderful.
Julia, i am not a blogger…just someone who loves a good fashion/lifestyle blog. You will always find people who relate to you. I personally love a blog where I can tell the writer is genuine and unapologetically themselves. A lot of people trying to get themselves out there try to be like other bloggers: do what others do, say what others say, be something theyre not basically. It shows when you do that. To read something that feels genuine is so refreshing these days when everyone is trying to beat the person before them. Just be yourself and you will find your tribe! There WILL be people who like the content you put out! Link your blog so we can all check it out! Good luck- I wish you well!
I was around! I remember reading the blog after our first was born in 2010/2011! Loved watching your blog transform!
I remember!!! I loved your blog even then. You've always been inspiring. I had wondered how it just exploded, thanks for sharing your story! Big congrats from a fellow BYU alumni!!!!
Thanks for the background on your blogging story, yours is one of the few I check for new posts every day :)! I've been toying with the idea of starting my own for the past year and a half, but just haven't been quite able to take the leap yet. Part of me is scared of putting myself out there and not having anyone care enough to read, any advice related to that? Thanks Merrick!
Hi Jackie! That first step is definitely scary, and growth always takes time. But if you write about something you're truly passionate about, it's fun to share even as you wait for the growth. Good luck!
What a fun (and interesting) read! And I love that polo refashion! I would definitely wear that today!
I would too! I still have it — I need to dig it up and wear it again!
Love to read about your journey. Those first refashioned post exposed me to your blog. I might have seen them much after the original posting date, but I have since enjoyed seeing and learning from you through your blog. Thank you for sharing.
Oh, Llarlyne! Thank you for that sweet comment, and for reading!
Hi Merrick! Thank you for sharing your story! I've been around for a few years now and I've loved getting to know you, follow along on your journey and seeing you grow as a blogger! As a blogger myself, I would like to know how it is that you first came to sketching out your DIY sewing tutorials. What I mean by that is, how do you narrow down all of the step into about 5 short ones? My blog is about style and adventure. A few of my style posts are pieces I've made or refashioned. I recently made a dress ( http://www.overthebridge.co/yellow-batik-dress/ ) and wanted to share a DIY -but I'm always too afraid of not knowing how to draw it or not including enough detail (or worse, over-drawing.. AHHH!) Any tips on that would be great!
Hi Bridget! Great question. I started illustrating my tutorials when I started sewing seriously and was sewing late into the night. One, it helped me avoid ugly, dark step by step pictures, and two, it allowed me to streamline my sewing steps. Sometimes the instructions are different than the way I sewed it because I made mistakes and then show you guys how to avoid those. Does that make sense?
It does take a lot of brain power to draw a 2-D image to explain complex 3-D processes, but it gets easier with every one. And I've tried to do more detailed sleeve, neckline, or bodice instructions in some posts, and then link back in the post to those so I don't have to hash those out each time. Hope that helps!
I remember those first posts. This was the very first blog I ever read! It inspired me to start sewing and although clothes were not my thing, I continue to make quilts. Amazing journey!
Ah I'm so impressed by anyone who makes quilts! Thanks so much for following along all this time!
I pinned that polo shirt pin and made my own version! I covered up some dumb embroidered company logo with a beaded appliqué and it was really cute! I have loved your blog at every stage and it inspired me to create my own. Thank you for the reality check- it takes years to grow; I need to be patient!
This is one of my favorite posts of yours ever, ever. I have loved following along since the beginning. I must admit that I miss seeing your art because it was AMAZING, but I have loved even more to see how talented you are with this creative, successful outlet. Way to go, Merrick!
You're the sweetest ever, Monica. Love you!
What an awesome story, I really always wondered why it was calles Merrick's Art. Truly inspiring story. I have been following you as well for a long time. Who is taking your pictures nowadays?
I have a few photographers I work with! I always share their names on the post or tag them on my instagram!
I have a few photographers who i work with! Their names are always listed on the post, or tagged on my instagram photos!
i've been following your blog since way back in 2011/2012, and i remember feeling so inspired by your refashions then and the approach to make something wearable out of something that no longer seemed relevant. since then, i've come such a long way in my own sewing, in a major part through your tutorials which have made sewing more accessible and relatable. most of my self-made dresses are merrick dresses! thank you for being a fresh and creative voice and for your thoughtful, classy presence. is it weird to say that i'm proud of you for all you've accomplished??!? anyways, thanks for sharing!
I'm excited to see how you (and your family) continue to grow!
I remember I had just moved out of province (Canadian) to attend my first year of design school when I came across your polo tutorial on pinterest and have been an avid follower ever since! I have attempted to take on a number of your diy projects and am now a graduated modern girl sew-er.. well, I may need to review a few things ; ) You have been an inspirational breath of fresh air in both my creative and personal life! I can only imagine how challenging it can be to expose oneself so openly on this forum, you have had a huge impact on many lives. Thank you for staying true to you and allowing us to be a part of your journey.
You are so, so kind. Thank you for taking the time to write that sweet note — it means so much!
I am seventeen and I love sewing clothes and I love your blog and instagram! In fact the first shirt I ever made was when I was twelve and it was your dolman top. I was so happy to find a tutorial that actually made sense. Your blog and creations are truly inspiring!
Merrick- I have followed your blog for a long time. You are actually the age of my children, but I have been a seamstress for many years. I love your inspiration and I have made many of the pieces that you have given tutorials for, including the polo refashion. I do not follow fashion blogs because I find them very artificial, but I so appreciate your modesty in your fashion and your dedication to your family and your "real life" content. I am happy that you have been able to make a career of your creativity-keep it up and best of luck with what you are planning in the future.
Thank you so much, Lynne! Your comment means so much.
Thanks for the extra push to start my blog! I have one question: do influencer agencies like Collectively expect you to have a certain amount of traffic before they will work with you? I would imagine so, because you don't have the role of "influencer" if nobody sees your site.
Hi Elise! You definitely should start working on building your audience first, but I'd apply for Collectively's agency soon after you start getting some traffic!
This is the most helpful, simplistic "how I turned my blog into my job" post I have ever read…and I've read a lot. I've been following you for awhile and, unlike most, it was a post about your boys that first got my attention!
I'm so glad to hear it, thank you!!
Do you have a favorite blog conference you've attended? I'm trying to choose one to attend next year and I'm a little stumped as I've never been to one.
I'm actually not an expert at all — I've only been to two!
I started following you back in 2011. I even tried making my own version of that polo shirt. (it did not go well.) What I have loved about your site is the growth; not only in your personal style but also in your website. I absolutely adore your fashion sense and wish I had the mastery of the sewing machine for the beautiful dresses or the bank account for all the awesome jeans, shirts and shoes. As a mother of two little boys I fully support and am inspired by all that you do as work-at-home mom; especially the idea of getting ready each morning and taking the personal time. Keep it up!


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Download Request for Review Form: PDF | Word
The UC Berkeley campus acquires approximately $30 million in computer-related hardware, software, services, and supplies each fiscal year. In order to understand this substantial investment, optimize the use of campus funds, and provide value to people purchasing computer-related items, acquisitions costing $100,000 or more are reviewed by the Chief Information Officer before a purchase order or contract can be issued.
Items costing $100,000 or more to be reviewed include:
Hardware purchases;
Software purchases;
Maintenance/Support renewals;
Agreements with consultants or professional service providers for IT work;
Off-campus service arrangements (such as "business process outsourcing").
The two-page form for requesting a review can be downloaded using the links above.
亚洲城老虎机游戏网址A review form and supporting documentation should be submitted to Interim CIO Lyle Nevels as early in the procurement process as possible. IST will complete each review within 24 hours of receiving the review form.
The requirement for central review was put in place in 1977 and modified several times since then. As our computing environment becomes more complex and costly, the reasons for this review have expanded to include:
Ensure that high-cost acquisitions are compatible with current campus standards and strategic technology directions;
Identify opportunities for cost savings through aggregated purchases or use of campus recharge units;
Ensure that "outsourcing" arrangements for web-based business processes meet campus security, privacy, and data management policies;
Ensure that new administrative and student services systems that need review by the Administrative and Student Services Computing Subcommittee (ASSCS) are identified early in the development process and registered with the e-Berkeley initiative;
Provide information to the Chief Information Officer and IST for planning central support services to meet new needs;
Help e-Berkeley staff understand commonalities among research, teaching and learning, and administrative computing, and identify opportunities for sharing expertise;
Provide information on companies that can deliver desired services, and/or ensure that sole source justifications are technically sound.
Strategic Technology Acquisition Home
RFx User Guide
High-Cost IT Acquisition Review
Direct questions about major technology acquisitions to:
, Manager


Dr. Katkowski realized he wanted to pursue a career in dentistry while working at the NIH in Bethesda, MD. While at the NIH, he discovered that he wanted to work with his hands and not just sit behind a desk or a lab bench. By opening his own dental practice, he is given the opportunity to provide treatment and care firsthand to the community. He wanted a family practice where he could treat the entire family and build relationships.
After earning his bachelor's degree from Hofstra University, he later enrolled in the George Washington University where he earned his Masters of Science in Biology. While taking classes, teaching, and earning his thesis, he managed to land on the dean's list.
After earning his masters degree, he applied to Tufts University School of Dental Medicine to pursue his Doctor of Medicine in Dentistry degree. This was followed by a one-year residency program at Rochester General Hospital in New York.
Dr. Katkowski continues to further his education with seminars at Spear Education in Scottsdale and is an active member of his local study club. In addition, he attends continuing education courses organized by the Connecticut State Dental Association (CSDA). He is also an active member of the American Dental Association, the CSDA and the Bristol Dental Society.
Today, Dr. Katkowski lives with his family in Glastonbury, Connecticut. He is married to his wife, Kathryn, and has two daughters, Nora and Haley. As a family, they love to travel, visit the zoo, and explore the great outdoors whenever they have the time.
Many may not know about Dr. Katkowski's goal to climb every 4,000 ft mountain in the New York and New England areas. So far, he's completed 60 hikes out of 115, but he isn't stopping there. Getting away from the metropolitan sprawl of Hartford and breathing in the fresh mountain air is one of his favorite hobbies.


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Sponsors: Reps. Fry, Alexander, Allison, Anderson, Atkinson, Bailey, Ballentine, Bamberg, Bannister, Bennett, Bernstein, Blackwell, Bradley, Brawley, Brittain, Bryant, Burns, Bustos, Calhoon, Carter, Caskey, Chumley, Clyburn, Cobb-Hunter, Cogswell, Collins, B. Cox, W. Cox, Crawford, Dabney, Daning, Davis, Dillard, Elliott, Erickson, Felder, Finlay, Forrest, Gagnon, Garvin, Gatch, Gilliam, Gilliard, Govan, Haddon, Hardee, Hart, Hayes, Henderson-Myers, Henegan, Herbkersman, Hewitt, Hill, Hiott, Hixon, Hosey, Howard, Huggins, Hyde, Jefferson, J.E. Johnson, J.L. Johnson, K.O. Johnson, Jones, Jordan, King, Kirby, Ligon, Long, Lowe, Lucas, Magnuson, Matthews, May, McCabe, McCravy, McDaniel, McGarry, McGinnis, McKnight, J. Moore, T. Moore, Morgan, D.C. Moss, V.S. Moss, Murphy, Murray, B. Newton, W. Newton, Nutt, Oremus, Ott, Parks, Pendarvis, Pope, Rivers, Robinson, Rose, Rutherford, Sandifer, Simrill, G.M. Smith, G.R. Smith, M.M. Smith, Stavrinakis, Taylor, Tedder, Thayer, Thigpen, Trantham, Weeks, West, Wetmore, Wheeler, White, Whitmire, R. Williams, S. Williams, Willis, Wooten and Yow
Document Path: l:\council\bills\bh\7529vr22.docx
Introduced in the House on January 13, 2022
Introduced in the Senate on January 18, 2022
Adopted by the General Assembly on January 18, 2022
Summary: Victims of Agent Orange
1/13/2022  House   Introduced, adopted, sent to Senate
1/18/2022  Senate  Introduced, adopted, returned with concurrence
(Senate Journal-page 2)
A CONCURRENT RESOLUTION
TO HONOR THE VICTIMS OF AGENT ORANGE DURING THE VIETNAM WAR AND EXPRESS GRATITUDE FOR THEIR COURAGEOUS SERVICE TO OUR COUNTRY AS SOME OF AMERICA'S MOST HEROIC CITIZENS.
Whereas, our nation was conceived by individuals who were willing to sacrifice their personal safety and concerns to ensure our individual and collective freedom, and the Palmetto State is especially proud to be the home of so many valiant men and women who have performed above and beyond the call of duty; and
Whereas, the citizens of the United States have, throughout the years, been called upon to take up arms against the enemies of this great nation, risking their lives and leaving their loved ones behind to safeguard the freedoms and liberties guaranteed to all Americans and vanquishing those who threaten our way of life; and
Whereas, more than eight million citizens of this country honorably served during the Vietnam War, during which time Agent Orange was widely used in Vietnam by the United States Armed Forces as part of the herbicidal warfare program Operation Ranch Hand from 1961 until 1971; and
Whereas, nearly twenty million gallons of the orange powder were sprayed over the land from helicopters or low-flying aircraft, destroying vegetation and crops in order to deprive enemy guerrillas of food and cover for their activities and exposing 2.6 million American soldiers to the herbicide and defoliant chemical; and
Whereas, Agent Orange is a dioxin and cancer-causing chemical that enters the body through physical contact or ingestion and moves into the human cell nucleus, where it attacks the genes and causes a number of serious illnesses, including leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, ischemic heart disease, soft-tissue sarcoma, amyloidosis, and diabetes, as well as cancers of the throat, prostate, lung, and colon; and
Whereas, Agent Orange also causes genetic damage, and in some cases the children and grandchildren of veterans exposed to Agent Orange have been born with spina bifida and other abnormalities; and
Whereas, today, only eight hundred thousand Vietnam veterans exposed to Agent Orange survive, and approximately three hundred deaths occur among them every day; and
Whereas, while their fallen comrades are memorialized on the wall at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C., those veterans who are victims of Agent Orange are not recognized as fatalities of the Vietnam War; and
Whereas, it is most appropriate that we honor these veterans to the full extent of our ability, as they have made untold and innumerable sacrifices to preserve the liberties we enjoy today, liberties we pray our progeny will continue to cherish for generations to come. Now, therefore,
Be it resolved by the House of Representatives, the Senate concurring:
That the members of the South Carolina General Assembly, by this resolution, honor the victims of Agent Orange during the Vietnam War and express gratitude for their courageous service to our country as some of America's most heroic citizens.
This web page was last updated on January 18, 2022 at 2:54 PM


We have some familiar faces and some new faces this year. We are looking forward to our new location and our first year of 1 to 1 laptops in Grade 5. Andy Birch and Stacey Thompson will be the 5AB team. Julie Needham and Kasumi Nakamura will be the 5JN team. Together, we make the grade 5 team.
Each grade 5 will have their own class web site this year. These web sites will give you up to date information on all of the activities, schedules, homework assignments and much more. Please try to visit them on a regular basis to read the teacher blogs posts. Students will be expected to visit them on a daily basis.
We look forward to seeing everyone on our first day of school on Wednesday 18th August.
Hi Peeplz! I miss Hong Kong a lot. But I love my school here (Australia.) If you are someone who was in my class last year, or Andy, please comment!