text:
Q: We've removed the option to disable the fixed top bar We've removed the option to disable the fixed top bar. We didn't change the default. We've only removed the ability to change the default.
According to SEDE, we've got ~13k users with the fixed top bar disabled. To put this into context, 730k people have opted into either system or dark theme.
There are lots of smaller features that aren't frequently used, but they don't routinely introduce bugs in the way that this one has. Since this preference has caused more bugs than we'd like to admit, I've made the decision on behalf of front-end at Stack Overflow to kill it.
If you see anything that seems funky as a result of us unshipping this, please add an answer here and include your browser, version and OS.
Update
Apologies for the delay. Managing a post on Meta can be a full time job on its own. Meta can be a difficult platform to have a dialog on. The irony is not lost on me.
I understand your frustration with removing this preference, but this will not be reversed. The fixed header provides the user valuable context and navigation. This can mean things like switching between Teams, joining a network site, joining a collective, signing up or logging into the site, receiving notifications, checking a review queue, getting help, navigating to your settings... These are important actions for our users. We want them to persist regardless of page position, whether visiting a page outright, or being deeplinked to an answer or a comment. We think the 50px required to provide this context is acceptable, even on small screens.
Fixed headers are an established pattern across the web and apps. You'll find fixed headers on Reddit, Quora, Nextdoor, CNN, Vice, Craigslist, LinkedIn, Gmail, Jira, Facebook, Pinterest, Walmart, PayPal, TikTok, and YouTube—to name a few. There are two popular and notable exceptions, Amazon, and some pages of GitHub. I'm sure each of these companies have varying reasons for adopting this pattern.
In the original post, I was too focused on what the feature was costing our development team.
In Oded's original post, he called out:

We are taking on a bit of debt by maintaining two versions of something that exists everywhere

He was right. The costs of tech and design debt are real, but so are the benefits of greater user context.

A: Ugh.
I'm sorry, but that's my response. I'm one of the people who had it disabled for a very clear reason: I have a relatively small screen and the topbar takes up too much space, leaving me able to see less content at a time and feeling squashed in.
SE does a very bad job in general of informing people that they can change some of the settings. Perhaps instead of just removing them, you find a way to let people know that the options exist in the first place?

A: Despite the fact that my screen is relatively big, so that I've never had much of a problem with this before, I've got a small beef:  We need more options in our preferences.  If a feature is buggy, fix the bugs, don't unship the feature and force those who use it to put up with the result.  Scratch that - if the feature was properly buggy, it shouldn't have been shipped.
I've made a little Tampermonkey userscript for those who don't want it sticking around.  Enjoy, and please report any bugs you might see in the comments below.
// ==UserScript==
// @name         Disable sticky SE topbar
// @namespace    http://tampermonkey.net/
// @version      0.2
// @description  Disable sticky topbar.
// @author       Ollie
// @match        *://*.askubuntu.com/*
// @match        *://*.mathoverflow.net/*
// @match        *://*.serverfault.com/*
// @match        *://*.stackapps.com/*
// @match        *://*.stackexchange.com/*
// @match        *://*.stackoverflow.com/*
// @match        *://*.superuser.com/*
// @grant        none
// ==/UserScript==

$(document).ready(function() {
     $('body').css({
           'padding-top': '0px'
        });
    if ($(this).scrollTop() >= 175) {
        $('.top-bar').css({
           'position': 'relative',
        });
    }
    else {
        $('.top-bar').css('position','static');
    }
});

A: To add another voice: Ugh.

There are lots of smaller features that aren't very popular, but they don't routinely introduce bugs in the way that this one has. Since this preference has caused more bugs than we'd like to admit, I've made the decision on behalf of front-end at Stack Overflow to kill it.

Now this may be anecdotal evidence, but I haven't seen any bugs caused by the topbar settings. Others who frequent Meta have said the same (here's one of them).
The last sentence here also comes across as though this is one person's decision, not in consultation with others (let alone the communities that are actually affected...). If that's the case, I'm concerned: one person having the ability to unilaterally change something that 13,000 people are using seems... excessive?
Was there any other analysis or testing done around this beyond that simple 13k figure shown here? Was there any analysis of how active those 13k are on average, compared to how active those non-13k are? Their reputation scores or other contributions? Was there any analysis of how that number changes if the default setting is non-sticky? Were any A-B tests run? Were there attempts to make that setting more easily accessible or well-known?
This is yet another change made without consulting anyone who may be affected by it. It appears to have been done unilaterally, and with insufficient data or research backing up the rationale for doing so. Please undo this change and go back to the drawing board.

A: And another voice: ugh.
I appreciate that it seems like SE has a pulse, but can we please stop doing the "one step forward, two steps back" routine?
Merits of the removal aside, we've been over this several times: low usage numbers alone are not a justification of removing a feature.
Neither does it help that the announcement is, once again, a statement of fact rather than an invitation to discussion and that it is coming right after a somewhat promising attempt to make things more open with the last announcement. It starts to feel like Groundhog Day.
On another note, was this really that buggy to warrant a complete removal? Here is a small compilation of bug reports I've been able to uncover so far:

Year
Report
Status
Setting state

2021
How to pin topbar? The preference does not seem to be working
no response
sticky on

2021
Body scrolls above the company header
confirmed bug, fixed
sticky off

2019
Not able to see the newsletter confirmation message box fully when the top bar stickiness is enabled
no response
sticky on

2018
Top of answer covered by sticky top bar after clicking direct link
confirmed bug, fixed
sticky on

2018
Make "Create Team" banner respect sticky setting
temporary issue, not even worth fixing
sticky on

2017
New Top Nav should not overlay review-bar
confirmed bug, fixed
sticky on

2017
Sticky top bar obscures full screen code snippets
not fixed, has a workaround
sticky on

2017
The "welcome back" message is covered by the new sticky nav bar
confirmed bug, fixed
sticky on

2017
Buggy behavior with sticky menu + notifications
confirmed bug, fixed
sticky on

I am sure there are more, but I urge the dear reader to spot the similarity between the reports (hint: look for the last column)

A: Ugh.
Many users are already over-obsessed with their rep and badges. They do all kinds of silly things just to get rep and/or badges and complain imminently about the tiniest discrepancies in the displayed rep.
And now you are emphasizing these metrics even more by removing the option to have the top bar out of the way?

A: I use SE on mobile heavily. While my desktop is semi-ludicrously large, I kinda don't need/want the vertical real estate on my phone being used for something non-essential to what I am doing right now.
If memory serves (and I am doing this on my phone and haven't looked it up) non sticky as an option was community requested as it was the old default, and specifically was added in due to that.
On mobile Chrome and other mobile options, we can't userscript this back either.
I also suspect your small minority includes a lot of long time or engaged users... The stats you shared don't tell the whole story.
This change as a whole kinda negatively impacts my experience here and I would appreciate if it was reconsidered.

Fixed headers are an established pattern across the web and apps. You'll find fixed headers on Reddit, Quora, Nextdoor, CNN, Vice, Craigslist, LinkedIn, Gmail, Jira, Facebook, Pinterest, Walmart, PayPal, TikTok, and YouTube

I took a quick look through a few - and many of them either have a different view for mobile, which is something y'all are trying to avoid, a fully featured mobile app (which you don't have any more). It isn't really an accurate comparison
Going to facebook on mobile will send you to m.facebook.com which has no fixed header for example. Gmail likewise either uses the app or a dedicated mobile view.

The fixed header provides the user valuable context and navigation. This can mean things like switching between Teams, joining a network site, joining a collective, signing up or logging into the site, receiving notifications, checking a review queue, getting help, navigating to your settings... These are important actions for our users.

Well, I can scroll up on most posts and go to the header. I don't need to do all these things while reading a post...

I took a quick look at the sites mentioned on my phone...
Youtube: Bar is slightly sticky and vanishes when you scroll down
TikTok: Transparent, unobtrusive
Paypal: non sticky top bar
Walmart: Sticky top bar
Pinterest: Disappearing bottom Bar
Facebook: non sticky top bar
Jira: No way for me to check
Gmail: Sticky Top Bar
Linkedin: Vanishing Top Bar as you scroll down
Craigslist: very 90s, simple page reminiscent of SE's mobile theme. Non sticky top bar
Vice: slightly collapsing sticky top bar
CNN: Sticky Top Bar
Nextdoor: Needs account, so I can't check. Sticky top bar on the login page
Quora: Sticky Top Bar
Reddit: Sticky top bar
5 sticky top bars, and I can't check two. 6 are non sticky, and one is a transparent sticky top bar that blends into the content.
Nearly all of them have dedicated mobile apps, and separate mobile themes... which I believe we'd like to avoid. I don't think its accurate to say that they all have sticky top bars. Its a nearly even mix on smaller screens.

A: What kind of bugs did having a fixed position topbar introduce? I understand if you don't want to admit exactly how many bugs this has caused, but maybe one or two examples might help folks understand the necessity of the change.
Pushing webpage content down by 50px typically does not cause many issues with page layout, so I'm curious what some of the issues are that you are facing here. As a regular wielder of HTML/CSS myself, it would help me be aware of a potential issue, as I use sticky/non-sticky header preferences in my webapps a fair amount.
From your comment reply to Sonic pointing out this SO bug report, it sounds like the issue at hand there was that your own team was not aware of the feature. That is not really a bug, so I'm guessing there are other issues.

A: I'm one of the users that had the top bar set to non-sticky. I think one part that might not be obvious is just how irritating the sticky behaviour can be. This is more of a sub-conscious thing, but especially the transition when first scrolling down always draws my attention, like some annoying animated ad. I'm not sure how this will change with time, but this is the kind of setting that is probably a much bigger deal to the people that have it enabled that people that don't use it would expect.
Removing features that are rarely used because they add complexity is something I tend to do myself, so I can't fault you for the general idea there. But I think you underestimate the importance of this feature by only looking at the number of users, I'd bet that a large part of those are very active SE users.

A: feature-request
Since the preference option has been removed, make the top bar non-sticky for everyone. This has been the case until 2018, and there was no reason to change the default when the option was introduced. The stickiness of the top bar is nothing but a waste of screen space for a useless gimmick, and it should not be forced on all users.

A:
You'll find fixed headers on Reddit, Quora, Nextdoor, CNN, Vice, Craigslist, LinkedIn, Gmail, Jira, Facebook, Pinterest, Walmart, PayPal, TikTok, and YouTube—to name a few. There are two popular and notable exceptions, Amazon, and some pages of GitHub.

There's another "notable exception" you didn't mention: Wikipedia.
Wikipedia does not have a sticky top bar. Your inbox and everything else stays at the top of the page while you scroll down, looking at the content... which is of course what you visit Wikipedia for. When you visit Wikipedia, it's for the content, whether you're consuming or editing that content.
So too here on Stack Exchange. Wikipedia has long been the project that most closely resembles Stack, because here too, our focus is on the content.
People visit Stack Exchange for questions and answers. Leave aside the power users who visit to review and for chat and everything else for the moment. Most people are here for the content, and the top bar... isn't content.
If I'm reading through a question or answer, the top bar is irrelevant. I don't care if I got an inbox notification or reputation change. What matters to me, right then and there, is the content, and I don't need bright shiny notifications distracting me.
Notifications and rep changes can wait until I'm done reading and hit the home button to bring me to the top, or scroll up.
Please remember that Stack Exchange isn't Reddit. It's not a meme-filled forum. It's not CNN - it's not a news site either. It's also not TikTok - Stack isn't a social media site. Or Amazon. Most people aren't doing their shopping through Stack.
So we don't need to take our cues from sites like Reddit or CNN or TikTok or Amazon. Stack should be taking cues from sites like Wikipedia, because Stack Exchange is a knowledge-sharing site, and should look like one.

A: Your goal with most of these design changes is to make the SE design fully responsive and to also replace the mobile theme entirely. This particular change does not do that and it adds another problem to the whole bunch of existing ones for this design on phone screens. The current design does not work well on phone-sized screens; it wastes too much space. A fixed top bar takes up a lot of space, so you're not solving an issue for the future here, but doubling down on a design decision that is going to be really problematic once you try to switch everyone to the main design for mobile.
You're not getting the right amount of pushback right now for the problems of the main design on mobile because almost nobody uses it. I'm quite sure that once you switch, people over there will be torches and pitchforks over the sticky top bar and other space-wasting design decisions. I mean, even the mobile browsers themselves don't make their top bar with URL and menu sticky. They pretty much hide their whole UI after the user scrolls.
At this point you might have to relent and disable stickiness for mobile devices. And then we're back at supporting two options, so you might as well reenable the preference. You already have the complexity then. Or just decide that the sticky bar doesn't provide more benefits than it costs and have a non-sticky top bar for everyone else.
As for the valuable context and navigation:

*

*switching between Teams

*joining a collective
These two are in the sticky side bar, not the top bar

*

*navigating to your settings

This is really not that important and not necessarily very often. It is also hidden behind two clicks, because you need to go via your profile.

*

*joining a network site

*signing up or logging into the site
These are for users that are not logged in, but I understand why you want them very visible

*

*receiving notifications

*checking a review queue
I look at notifications after I navigated to a page, not while I'm reading some posts (which is when I'm scrolled down and a non-sticky top bar would not be visible)

*

*getting help

This is a menu point that is probably not used that often. Of course help is important, but it's not the kind of stuff you try to access while you're reading posts and scrolling down.
The part I use most often is curiously not one of your examples, the site switcher menu. I usually navigate using this instead of bookmarks, so I use it quite heavily. And even then I prefer the non-sticky version of the top bar.
One aspect you didn't mention is that we already have another sticky element, the left sidebar. This is also a part of the design that was heavily criticized, and in the end SE never was able to fulfill the promise to actually use that wasted space there and add useful features to the left sidebar. Having two separate sticky navigation elements is really more of a symptom of the organic growth of the current design, and not a coherent design philosophy.

A: Comparison between numbers indicating usage of fixed top bar vs dark mode looks somewhat inaccurate, I would suggest to at least "normalise" these numbers by some sort of site activity - by amount of views or by days visited or by reputation of users etc.
To start with, dark mode was announced much wider - respective announcement had featured tag allowing it to get 30K+ views, and two dedicated articles at SE blog: here and here, a dedicated hat in the 2020 winter bash, along with posts at multiple resources outside of Stack Exchange: zdnet, lifehacker, turnoffthelights just to name a few.
Compared to that, topbar announcement has never been featured and managed to gain mere 3K views, likely from regular meta visitors (0.015% does ring a bell?) - so it has got much harder start from the very start.
Another thing to take into account - which is maybe even more important - is that dark more is much more in-your-face and because of that much much easier to spread by word of mouth.
I can easily imagine someone looking over the shoulder of their colleague / classmate asking "Hey what's that, your Stack Overflow is dark, how can I make it look like that in my browser?" Chances of topbar tweak spreading like that are practically nonexistent in comparison because it is just so much harder to notice.

Suming up, these several thousands users aware of topbar switch more likely represent most active and motivated part of site audience ("core group" if you wish). Indiscriminately comparing them to hundreds thousands random passers-by feels kind of... slippery.
I think it would be safer to base your estimates on some kind of "weighted" metrics that would somehow account for site activity of involved users.
(Note to address particular clarification in comments - this is not specifically about dark mode and initial example with IE users was concerning for the same reason: simply counting amount of users while ignoring possible differences in their site activity is not a reliable way to estimate impact of the changes.)

A: I didn't notice that Ollie had already written a user script to make the top bar non-sticky, so I wrote my own.  I like mine slightly more, since it just injects a couple of lines of CSS instead of installing any active event handlers:
// ==UserScript==
// @name        SE No Sticky Top Bar
// @namespace   https://github.com/vyznev/
// @description Disables the sticky top bar on Stack Exchange sites
// @author      Ilmari Karonen
// @version     0.3.0
// @copyright   2021-2022, Ilmari Karonen
// @downloadURL https://gist.github.com/vyznev/7c9a7ddc5c057d4c895864e460b4a88d/raw/se_no_sticky_topbar.user.js
// @homepageURL https://meta.stackexchange.com/a/368984
// @match       *://*.stackexchange.com/*
// @match       *://*.stackoverflow.com/*
// @match       *://*.superuser.com/*
// @match       *://*.serverfault.com/*
// @match       *://*.stackapps.com/*
// @match       *://*.mathoverflow.net/*
// @match       *://*.askubuntu.com/*
// @exclude     *://chat.*/*
// @exclude     *://blog.*/*
// @grant       none
// @run-at      document-start
// @noframes
// ==/UserScript==

var css = `
  html:not(.specificity-hack) { --top-bar-allocated-space: 0px; }
  body:not(.specificity-hack) { padding-top: 0px; }
  .s-topbar.ps-fixed:not(.specificity-hack) { position: static !important; }
`;

var style = document.createElement('style');
style.textContent = css;

var parent = (document.head || document.documentElement);
if (parent) parent.appendChild(style);
else {
  // work-around for https://github.com/greasemonkey/greasemonkey/issues/2996
  var obs = new MutationObserver(function () {
    var parent = (document.head || document.documentElement);
    if (parent) { obs.disconnect(); parent.appendChild(style); }
  });
  obs.observe(document, {childList: true});
}

If you have a user script extension such as Greasemonkey or Tampermonkey installed in your browser, clicking this link should prompt you to install the script.

Alternatively, if you're using a user style extension such as Stylus, you can just grab the three lines of CSS from the script and add them as a user style for SE sites:
html:not(.specificity-hack) { --top-bar-allocated-space: 0px; }
body:not(.specificity-hack) { padding-top: 0px; }
.s-topbar.ps-fixed:not(.specificity-hack) { position: static !important; }

You won't get automatic updates to the script this way, though, which I suppose may be seen as a good or a bad thing, depending on how much you're willing to trust me.  (I don't actually use Stylus myself, so I'm not particular interested in maintaining a separate gist for it.)

Ps. The :not(.specificity-hack) trick may or may not be needed in a user style, but at least it shouldn't hurt anything.  In the user script version it makes the behavior more reliable, since there's generally no guarantee whether the custom CSS will get injected before or after the site CSS.

A: UserStyle to fix (yet another) pointless change:
/* ==userstyle==
@name Stack Exchange
@namespace Zombo
@version 1.0.0
==/userstyle== */
@-moz-document
domain("askubuntu.com"),
domain("stackexchange.com"),
domain("stackoverflow.com"),
domain("superuser.com") {
   .ps-fixed {
      position: absolute !important
   }
}

https://github.com/openstyles/stylus

A: This line is a disingenuous half-truth:

We didn't change the default. We've only removed the ability to change
the default.

The default was the non-sticky header that scrolled out of the way when you moved down the page. The whole reason to have the preference was BECAUSE it was the option to give us the default back.
About the only time I need the top bar is when I go to check a notification or visit my profile. I really prefer having the screen full of useful stuff, like questions, answers, code, images, etc... The site navigation hasn't been forgotten about. It should just step aside while it's not needed.
Also,

Fixed headers are an established pattern across the web and apps.
You'll find fixed headers on ...

Pointing to site designs on other major sites is a transparently misleading appeal to popularity. Will you update the site for infinite scrolling as well? Wait, don't answer that...

A: Having a fixed top bar is not responsive. It is frustrating that y'all are deprecating all mobile support in favor of the responsive design (which I think is a sensible thing to do) then decide that small screen users must be stuck with large screen features. Honestly after thinking about it, I agree the user option is not the right way to handle it. The interface should just work without me have to diddle a bunch of preferences. It should work whether I'm viewing it on my phone or my 8k display.
There are many ways to accomplish the goal of making the things on the top bar easily available other than forcing it to display all the time. The first one that springs to mind was inspired be the "increase the zoom of your browser slightly and you can scroll the top bar off the screen" comment.
Why not allow the top bar to be scrolled off the screen on small screens when the user is moving down the page, but bring it back as soon the user moves some significant distance the opposite direction? A simple flick would make it visible again, even if you are 25 questions down a list of 50. Maybe new notifications make it visible and scrolling further down moves it off the page. It has to be possible to scroll the sticky bar off the screen, because I'm able to as I'm typing this in Safari, and if I pull down fast enough (or far enough, I'm not sure) it pops back (not just scrolls back onto view).
Alternatively, on small screens the top bar could have a widget that lets a user collapse the bar if it is in the way and tap it to expand it (vertically or horizontally, whichever is easiest).
I'm not saying that either of those suggestions is the answer. I do think that if all the eggs are going in the "responsive" basket, y'all should make it a really nice basket, even if it requires a lot of thinking about how to design it so that it can be maintained and evolved as user needs change.

A: Disclaimer: I am not directly affected by this change.
I think generally users can understand that sometimes the company must make decisions that are unpopular with some minority of users, in order to reserve resources for other bugs and feature requests that affect more users. Though as others have noted, it would have been best to post this question, then make the change after a few days.
Is there a way that this workflow could be built in to your process? I only dabble in software development, but I imagine there is some internal process covering the necessary documenting, git-commiting, unit-testing, bug-hunting, and magic-wand-waving every time some change is made to the user interface. Could you add meta-posting and waiting a day or so to that process?
I believe users would even be understanding if there's two paths -- one where meta feedback is gathered and considered, and one where you've decided for ReasonsTM that the change will be implemented regardless, and you're just doing us the courtesy of letting us know.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Crowdfunding has come to the small wind generation field with an Indiegogo campaign intended for an interesting target niche: a small wind generator designed to be clipped onto solar panels. According to its pitch, Cleantec Wind has not only created a prototype, but calculated possible energy returns, targeted a price point and lined up suppliers for initial deliveries and has turned to Indeigogo to get his small startup off the launch pad.
Another interesting element is the Indiegogo campaign itself. Cleantec has created a range of low-end to high-end rewards for contributions, including working devices. The company has a simple prototype and renderings which do not reflect what they consider the final product.
The wind generator itself is a fairly standard multi-blade Savonious drag generator, which means its output will likely be lower than Darrieus or tri-blade horizontal-axis wind turbines. That's acceptable if the niche fits the generator and price point is appropriate for the amount of energy produced, but we wonder if a Darrieus generator would be a better fit. Both Savonius and Darrieus wind generators have axes parallel to the blades and are typically referred to as vertical-axis wind turbines. The difference is that a Savonius generator uses drag only to capture energy from the wind and has greater upwind drag on the opposite side, while Darrieus blades typically have an aerodynamic component for added speed, lower upwind drag and hence greater generative capacity. Textbooks since the '70s have included standard graphs of power curves for these types of devices.
The generator is claimed to produce 2000 W output, greater than a typical solar panel it might be attached to. At present, any test data or independent testing of the prototype that might have been used to validate the 2000 W is not publicly available from the company's website or the Indiegogo campaign site, though Cleantec's intent is to make it more efficient with such things as curved blades to catch wind from more angles, magnets to reduce resistance to lower start speed and high-efficiency bearings. Such optimizations are familiar on small wind generators like this, and have not historically proven to be economically justifiable when full lifecycle cost of electricity calculations are done. There are many of these types of devices that possibly could be retrofitted for the niche at lower cost via an OEM model rather than creating a new one from scratch, and this might be a direction Ring could choose to go if the engineering difficulties start to mount.
Though the proposed device may not be perfect, Cleantec's suggested an interesting niche for small-scale distributed wind, potentially increasing the output of solar farms in the day and yielding generation at night.


text:
La scelta di Maggie (Hobson's Choice) – opera teatrale di Harold Brighouse del 1916
Hobson's Choice – film del 1920 diretto da Percy Nash
Hobson's Choice – film del 1931 diretto da Thomas Bentley
Hobson il tiranno (Hobson's Choice) – film del 1954 diretto da David Lean
Hobson's Choice – serie televisiva britannica del 1967
Hobson's Choice – film per la televisione del 1983 diretto da Gilbert Cates

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
You are at:Home»Features»"Three Words, Eight Letters"
"Three Words, Eight Letters"
By Claire Johnson February 4, 2013 2 Comments
Love is a concept that people of all ages struggle to define. Many will marry without being certain of what it is, others may pass on never knowing it, while some rest their hearts certain that their lives were graced with love.
In attempt to deter Mountain View High School couples from becoming just another Taylor Swift ballad, this article aims to discuss sophisticated theories by demonstrating the difference between infatuation and genuine love, so that young adults may develop a higher wisdom about love as a whole.
For the most part, we are expected to know how to relate to others through our instincts, emotionally and otherwise. But due to the media's portrayal of love and lust, society now holds a great misconception about what love truly is. Movies make us think that our first love is our true love, and with websites like Match.com, we are taught to believe that if there is a problem in our relationship, we can go online and shop for a new one.
"Love is divine only and difficult always," Pulitzer-prize winning author Toni Morrison said. "It is a learned application. You can only earn – by practice and careful contemplations – the right to express it and you have to learn how to accept it."
Likewise, philosopher Erich Fromm calls love "the will to extend one's self for the purpose of nurturing one's own or another's spiritual growth. Love is as love does. Love is an act of will– namely, both an intention and an action. Will also implies choice. We do not have to love. We choose to love."
In Plato's The Symposium, Pausanias labels Fromm's definition of love as "Heavenly Love." Heavenly Love is when wisdom is exchanged for wisdom, when two individuals bond as one in a way that doesn't sacrifice each other but brings out the best of both. It is a combination of agape (unconditional spiritual love), philia (friendship), and eros (romance). These versions of love must be in balance to form a strong, healthy relationship. If they are not in harmony, then it is not quite true love.
For example, your parents provide agape because they may love you no matter what, but they are unlikely to show eros to you. Your best friend may provide only philia through loyal companionship. A passionate significant other who enjoys cuddling, romantic dates, and sexual activity is strong in the eros field. A balance of all three is considered a genuine long-term love, which many humans strive for but don't always understand.
Often times we confuse Heavenly Love with "cathexis," a term coined by psychiatrist Scott Peck to describe common love. Cathexis is feeling the chemistry that people often misinterpret as love at first sight. Common love would be more modernly described as "puppy love," or love with no strong emotional foundation. It is the feeling of being connected to someone, but it lacks the essential ingredients of care, commitment, knowledge, responsibility, respect, or trust. Cathect relationships are illusions of true love, one that we might see Disney-inspired teenagers seek. bell hooks* distinguishes these apart:
"We can only move from perfect passion to perfect love when the illusions pass and we are able to use the energy generated by spiritual bonding to heighten self-discovery," hooks wrote in her book entitled All About Love. "Perfect love is a personal revolution: takes your ideas, your desires, and your actions and welds them together in one experience and one living reality which is a new you."
When we are ready to be spiritually transformed by love, we discover it within ourselves. Unfortunately, when people mistake passion for love or when we are not emotionally prepared to act upon love, we get hurt. A true partnership will share the best qualities of each, so both may develop as stronger, happier individuals together.
Many teenagers step into a romantic relationship with stars in their eyes and lose their identities under infatuation. They hear sweet nothings and in their excitement they find proposals of everlasting affection. These same people believe they deserve love, rather than earning it through opening their hearts to care for others.
Relationships like these–without a strong emotional foundation– reveal a desire to find a partner rather than to know love. As such, we should have a strong sense of who we are, what we seek in relationships, and what our boundaries are.
"Young people aren't completely comfortable with themselves yet, and they don't know how to communicate that," said MVHS teacher William Blair, "They tend to jump into romantic intimacy instead of fostering emotional intimacy."
We get dazzled by the prospective of holding hands, picnics in meadows, and candle-lit bedrooms so much that we forget that these are activities are not what defines love. Teenagers tend to think that dates promote intimacy but what truly brings people together is understanding our identities with one another.
As English teacher Esther Wu says, "Be aware of what the other person brings to your life."
The media portrays our first loves as our only loves, but in reality we will have many. Ironically, in the TV show, Scrubs, Dr. Cox explains this exceptionally:
"Relationships don't work the way they do on television and in movies. Will they, won't they, and then they finally do and they're happy forever– give me a break. Nine out of ten of them end because they weren't right for each other to begin with and half of the ones that get married get divorced anyway."
A loving companion is excited to grow and change along with you throughout every stage of your life. Healthy relationships can help you find your identity, although it is imperativee not to let your partner define you. Love goes wrong when a person becomes objectified as a medium of love, rather than someone to discover love with. No one can value you more than you value yourself.
"Don't ever settle for bad love. When a person becomes so obsessed with the relationship or their partner, they end up hurting themselves," said Blair. "Often times we become fixated on the happy parts from earlier in the relationship, but if you're not currently happy then you should get out."
Some people foster your growth during specific stages of your life. But as we grow older it becomes evident that not everyone is meant to stick around. When two people begin to drift apart, maybe it's for the best. It's sad when the spark between pupils evaporates, but if the relationship was good then both partners can leave feeling like they grew positively as individuals.
"When we're left behind, we think it's us," said Blair, "but it's the relationship that is lacking– not you– because what we need in a relationship is not being met."
There are different kinds of love to suit what different people need. We become ready for varying versions of love at different stages of our lives.
"Sometimes you outgrow your relationship and it's time to move on. Letting go can be very difficult and painful, but it's better than being miserable, co-dependent, or being a version of yourself that betrays who you really are," according to an anonymous source.
A couple that truly cares for the well-being for one another will end their chapter with a gracious smile and a hug of acknowledgement of the beauty they shared. A partner who was in a perfect love relationship will walk away wishing happiness upon the other. There would be a continued expression of love in a different manner, be it of respect, support, or space. Even if one of the two has moved on romantically, respect and care for the other's happiness would be mutual. Do not act out angrily against your ex out of spite, that only reveals your selfish intentions to make yourself feel better over the heartache. One who seeks happiness for his former significant other shows sincere love.
With each relationship, we learn what we're seeking and our boundaries, and overtime grow closer to understanding love.
"When first love ends, most people eventually know there will be more to come. They are not through with love. Love is not through with them. It will never be the same as the first, but it will be better in different ways," reflected David Levithan in his book, Every Day.
We can fall in love multiple times in our lives, so we must not put intense expectations on any one relationship. This isn't to devalue a current relationship, but it means to say that if a love ends, we should not crumble and give up on love itself.
There is no formula to concoct love, nor is there a perfect relationship. We have the capability fall in love with many people in our lives. Some of us will, some of us will not. It depends on when we are ready and what we want to find in love.
And like York psychologist, Professor Arthur Arun found, love has a way of manifesting itself. She asked subjects of a study to find a complete stranger and reveal intimate details about their lives to each other for half an hour. Then they stared deeply into each other's eyes without talking for four minutes. Interestingly, the majority of the participants felt deeply attracted to their partners after the 34 minute experiment, and two of them later got married.
"You're going to fall in love with someone who will make sense beyond college or a job or a particular season. They'll make sense forever and won't ever want to leave you behind. I'm telling you this not because it's true but because it needs to be true. Everyone is entitled to this kind of love, so why not? Have it. It's yours," says Ryan O'Connell in his book, The Types of People You Will Fall in Love With in Your 20's.
Relationships can be increasingly influential as we grow throughout our lives, but they are not necessary to attain happiness. True love will help one discover happiness within and how to invoke happiness for others. When we want to see our partners happy without compromising ourselves is how we know we are expressing sincere love. Through trials and experiences, one day we may be able to fully understand love, and it will be worth all the joy and heartbreak. Don't be afraid of love, but know how to foster and nurture it. Love is a capability everyone has, but our ultimate success of sharing that love depends on how we come to love ourselves.
*Gloria Jean Watkins uses the nom de plume of "bell hooks," which is intentionally uncapitalized.
Claire Johnson
Evan James on March 13, 2013 9:13 am
Ms. Johnson,
You are a decent writer . But not a good one. A decent writer controls his or her craft. A good writer writes about what they know.
You can't possible know what love is " at different stages of our lives" because you haven't lived.
Try writing about what you have lived.
Claire Johnson on April 4, 2013 10:07 pm
Mr. James,
I have taken a humanities course at a college about the definition and societal evolution of love. I have been in both healthy and abusive relationships, including a loving one that lasted about three years. I have experienced love but I feel it would be inappropriate to explicitly speak about these private relationships in a published article. This article was inspired by my own life, but I will not preach a truth exclusively from my own perspective. I have used my own experiences to find relevant points to address. Citing professional works of psychologists, philosophers, and wisdom of adults to support what I already know is more effective in provoking thoughtful discussion from readers.
Do not disrespect my knowledge due to my age. To disregard someone's capacity to understand love is ignorant of the power of love itself. As explored in the article, people can experience love at every point in their lives: from parents as we are children, companionship through friendships, first passions as teenagers, and mature partnerships as adults. Although I have not yet experienced marriage, that does not mean that I do not understand the love I have had. I do not need to publicly expose my own private relationships to prove that I have wisdom about love. This is an article meant for teenagers because romantic relationships are common amongst youth, the importance of addressing that should not be undermined due to our age.
If you still question my intelligence and writing abilities, you may contact me via email at clairej@mvhsoracle.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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OECD Home Public governanceBy CountryMorocco
English, PDF, 2,056kb
ENG Synthesis: Dialogue Maroc-OCDE sur les politiques de developpement territorial
This document summarises the main findings and recommendations of the Morocco-OECD Dialogue on Territorial Development Policies.
Digital Government Review of Morocco - Laying the Foundations for the Digital Transformation of the Public Sector in Morocco
Morocco aims to become a major industrial hub in Africa. To do so, it is taking steps to transform its administration and ensure the sustainable growth of its emerging digital economy and society. This review analyses the efforts under way to integrate digital technologies in the public sector, and provides policy advice to support the Kingdom of Morocco in implementing a strategic digital government policy.
OECD awarded the Hassan II Great World Water Prize
The OECD has been awarded the Hassan II World Water Prize by the government of Morocco and the World Water Council in recognition of its work under Secretary-General Angel Gurría to elevate water security as a crucial global issue and the policy guidance it has provided countries around the world on the issue.
La OCDE recibió el Gran Premio Mundial del Agua Rey Hassan II
OECD Review of Risk Management Policies Morocco
This study analyses initiatives undertaken in Morocco to support the management of critical risks. It covers steps taken by central government and local authorities, research centres, the private sector, and civil society. It focuses particularly on questions relating to the governance of risks, co-ordination, and the engagement of key stakeholders. The analysis looks at the entire risk management cycle, including risk assessment, prevention and mitigation, emergency response and management, recovery and reconstruction. It also identifies the challenges that Morocco still needs address in order to improve the resilience of its economy and society to critical risks.
Improving the Management of Major Risks in Morocco
Launch of the OECD review of the risk management policies in Morocco. The review provides an objective assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of Morocco's risk management policies by international experts.
Open Government in Morocco
The Open Government Review of Morocco is the first of its kind analysing a country's open government policies and practices and their institutional and legal frameworks for implementation against OECD instruments. By bringing together a multitude of OECD instruments and expertise in different areas of public governance, the Review provides Moroccan policy makers, public sector officials and civil society activists with practical indications on how to improve and successfully implement their national open government agenda. In addition, the Review contains a list of recommendations on which to build Morocco's Action Plan for the Open Government Partnership.
Special MENA Session on Regional Learning Experiences
A special MENA session on regional learning experiences was held in Paris, 5 May 2009, to discuss the Joint Learning Studies with Morocco, Yemen and Jordan.
Meeting the governance challenges for a stronger, fairer and cleaner economy
Speaking at the governance forum of the third MENA-OECD ministerial meeting, Mr. Gurría noted that sound regulations and efficient public services are essential for better functioning private markets. He added that governments should ensure integrity, transparency and accountability by modernizing legal frameworks and encourage a more inclusive economy, an economy empowering women.
MENA-OECD Business forum and women business leaders summit
In the context of the economic crisis, reforms can become an effective vehicle for sustained recovery but governments must find the right balance between an effective regulatory and institutional framework and minimising unnecessary red tape. Moreover, governments cannot reset the economy on their own and the contribution of the women and the private sector will be crucial, according to the OECD Secretary-General.
MENA-OECD Ministerial conference
Opening this event in Marrakesh, Angel Gurría underlined that the economic crisis has not spared the MENA region, with a significant economic contraction and a severe impact on the labour markets. According to the Secretary-General, the MENA-OECD Initiative can serve as a model for effective co-operation in building the global economy of the future.


Bria is one of the sweetest brides we've ever met, but her gown journey was nothing short of challenging. From a technical standpoint, getting her gown ready for her October wedding was one of the most difficult alterations experiences we've ever had. It was also one of the most rewarding.


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Essays by Allen Buchanan on ethics and international law
Human Rights, Legitimacy, and the Use of Force
by Allen Buchanan
(Oxford University Press, 2009)
The thirteen essays by Allen Buchanan collected here are arranged in such a way as to make evident their thematic interconnections: the important and hitherto unappreciated relationships among the nature and grounding of human rights, the legitimacy of international institutions, and the justification for using military force across borders.
A major theme of Buchanan's book is the need to combine the philosopher's normative analysis with the political scientist's focus on institutions. Instead of thinking first about norms and then about institutions, if at all, only as mechanisms for implementing norms, it is necessary to consider alternative "packages" consisting of norms and institutions. Whether a particular norm is acceptable can depend upon the institutional context in which it is supposed to be instantiated, and whether a particular institutional arrangement is acceptable can depend on whether it realizes norms of legitimacy or of justice, or at least has a tendency to foster the conditions under which such norms can be realized. In order to evaluate institutions it is necessary not only to consider how well they implement norms that are now considered valid but also their capacity for fostering the epistemic conditions under which norms can be contested, revised, and improved.
Part I: Human Rights
1. Justice, Legitimacy, and Human Rights (2000) [preview]
2. Taking the Human Out of Human Rights (2006)
3. Equality and Human Rights (2003)
4. Human Rights and the Legitimacy of the International Legal Order (2008)
Part II: Legitimacy
5. The Legitimacy of Global Governance Institutions (2006)
6. The Legitimacy of International Law (2008)
7. Democracy and the Commitment to International Law (2006)
8. Constitutional Democracy and International Law: Are They Compatible? (2008)
Part III: The Use of Force
9. The Internal Legitimacy of Humanitarian Intervention (1999)
10. Beyond the National Interest (2002)
11. Institutionalizing the Just War (2006)
12. Justifying Preventive War (2007)
13. From Nuremburg to Kosovo: The Morality of Illegal International Legal Reform (2001)
Allen Buchanan is Professor of Philosophy at Duke University. See also his collected essays on health care: "Justice and Health Care" (Oxford University Press, 2009).
Video: Martha Nussbaum, "Same-Sex Marriage and the Constitution"
In October of last year, The University of Chicago Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender (LGBT) Alumni Group presented a lecture by professor Martha Nussbaum, lecturing on the legal and moral debates surrounding same-sex marriage in the U.S.
A video of Martha Nussbaum's lecture is now available here.
See also Martha Nussbaum's "A Right to Marry? Same-Sex Marriage and Constitutional Law", published in Dissent, Summer 2009.
Two papers on Public Reason
New papers on public reason:
Micah Schwartzman - "The Sincerity of Public Reason" (January, 2010) (Associate Professor of Law, University of Virginia)
"An important objection to the idea of public reason is that it permits and perhaps encourages citizens and public officials to give insincere justifications for their political decisions. Against this objection, I defend a principle of sincere public justification. First, I claim that political justifications must be public in two senses. They must be based on shared or public reasons, and those reasons must be presented in public discourse. Actual publicity, or the giving of reasons in public, is valuable for a number of reasons, but I focus mainly on its ability to improve the quality of political decisions. After defining the general concept of sincerity, and guarding against a certain form epistemic or psychological skepticism about it, I offer a principle of sincere public justification. I then defend that principle against two competing alternatives, a more demanding principle that includes a stringent motivational requirement, and a less demanding principle that abandons public sincerity in favor of private sincerity. Lastly, having stated and justified an ideal of public sincerity, I show how that ideal can be used to respond to the objection that public reason permits or encourages insincere political justification."
Jonathan Quong - "The Structure of Public Reason" (January 2010) (Lecturer in Political Philosophy, University of Manchester)
Some political philosophers believe that if the exercise of political power must be publicly justifiable in order to be legitimate, then this will effectively preclude religious convictions from playing any justificatory role in politics. (.....) In recent work, however, Gerald Gaus and Kevin Vallier (among others) have presented an alternative view regarding the structure of public reason, and this alternative view makes public reason far more hospitable to religious convictions. Gaus and Vallier claims that the position sketched in the preceding paragraph rests on several errors regarding the nature of public justification. (.....) If we embrace Gaus and Vallier's view of the structure of public reason, this would have significant consequences for the moral constraints that apply to citizens and public officials. Religious arguments in politics could become a central part of public reasoning, something that would surely change the (somewhat inaccurate) perception of political or justificatory liberalism as being hostile to the introduction of religious reasons into the political domain. I am unpersuaded, however, that the alternative view regarding public reason's structure offered by Gaus and Vallier is in fact sound, and so I doubt religious considerations can in fact play the kind of role in public justification Gaus, Vallier and others imagine they can." [See an early version of one of Gaus & Vallier's papers on public reason here.]
Essays on Sen/Nussbaum's capability approach
Measuring Justice
Primary Goods and Capabilities
Edited by Harry Brighouse & Ingrid Robeyns
(Cambridge University Press, 2010)
This book brings together a team of leading theorists to address the question 'What is the right measure of justice?' Some contributors, following Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum, argue that we should focus on capabilities, or what people are able to do and to be. Others, following John Rawls, argue for focussing on social primary goods, the goods which society produces and which people can use. Still others see both views as incomplete and complementary to one another. Their essays evaluate the two approaches in the light of particular issues of social justice – education, health policy, disability, children, gender justice – and the volume concludes with an essay by Amartya Sen, who originated the capabilities approach.
1. Social Primary Goods and Capabilities as Metrics of Justice - Ingrid Robeyns & Harry Brighouse
Part I. Theory
2. A Critique on the Capability Approach - Thomas Pogge
3. Equal Opportunity, Unequal Capability - Erin Kelly
4. Justifying the Capabilities Approach to Justice - Elizabeth Anderson
5. Two Cheers for Capabilities - Richard Arneson [paper]
Part II. Applications
6. Capabilities, Opportunity, and Health - Norman Daniel [paper]
7. What Metric for Justice for Disabled People? - Lorella Terzi
8. Primary Goods, Capabilities, and Children - Colin MacLeod
9. Education for Primary Goods or for Capabilities? - Harry Brighouse & Elaine Unterhalter
10. Gender and the Metric of Justice - Ingrid Robeyns
Part III. Concluding Essay
11. The Place of Capability in a Theory of Justice - Amartya Sen
See a preview of the book here.
Memorial event to G. A. Cohen
On February 3, 2010, a memorial event to G. A. Cohen (1941-2009) at University College London:
Professor Jonathan Wolff (UCL) - "Cohen on Marx"
Professor Michael Otsuka (UCL) - "Cohen on Nozick"
Professor Ronald Dworkin (UCL/NYU) - "Cohen on Dworkin"
Dr Saladin Meckled-Garcia (UCL) - "Cohen on Rawls"
Chair: Dr George Letsas (UCL).
See Jonathan Wolff's article on G. A. Cohen in The Philosopher's Magazine.
BBC interviews Ronald Dworkin
Owen Bennett Jones interviews professor Ronald Dworkin
(New York University)
- Listen here (28 minutes)
In the interview, Ronald Dworkin brings his liberal principles to bear on issues ranging from gay marriage to whether George W. Bush should be prosecuted for his role in the war on terror. And he shares his theory that collecting reptiles can get you into Harvard University.
Review essay of G.A. Cohen's "Rescuing Justice and Equality"
Forthcoming in Social Theory and Practice, a review essay of G.A.Cohen's "Rescuing Justice and Equality" (Harvard University Press, 2008):
"Justice Beyond Equality"
by Jonathan Quong.
"It is, I think, Cohen's deepest, and most important contribution to political philosophy, and it should be required reading for everyone working in our field. It is certainly the most insightful and powerful critique of Rawlsian political philosophy ever written. That said, I don't agree with Cohen about either the content or the concept of justice. Unlike Cohen, I don't think the content of distributive justice is reducible to a particular luck egalitarian conception of equality: I think distributive justice includes many other considerations such as freedom, reciprocity, and certain deontic injunctions against treating persons in particular ways. Because I disagree with Cohen about the content of justice, I also think he's mistaken regarding how we should reason about justice, and so I think Rawlsian constructivism is much more plausible than he does."
Jonathan Quong is Lecturer in Political Philosophy at University of Manchester.
See my previous posts on G. A. Cohen:
- Critical Essays on G. A. Cohen
- G.A. Cohen: The socialist's guide to camping
- G.A. Cohen (1941-2009)
- Podcasts from G.A. Cohen conference January 2009.
Klaus Günther on Habermas's discourse theory of constitutional democracy
In a paper to be published in an essay collection on Jürgen Habermas's legal theory, professor Klaus Günther defends Habermas's discourse-theoretical concept of the constitutional democracy:
"Law, the State and Discourse Theory" (pdf)
The paper has been published in a French version in "Raison Publique" no. 6, April 2007.
Klaus Günther is Professor of Theory of Law and Criminal Law at Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main.
Honneth on Hegel's Theory of Justice
From Axel Honneth's forthcoming book "The Pathologies of Individual Freedom: Hegel's Social Theory" (Princeton University Press, May 2010), a chapter on
Hegel's Philosophy of Right as a Theory of Justice [pdf]
"Although many contemporary philosophers have embraced Hegelian philosophy to a surprising degree - which may even help to bridge the gulf between the Analytic and Continental traditions - Hegel's Elements of the Philosophy of Right has so far failed to exert the slightest influence on the current debates in political philosophy. Rather, in recent years - after the abrupt end of the Marxist phase and its reduction of modern right to a mere superstructure - philosophers returned on a broad front to the rationalist paradigm of the Kantian tradition, which essentially dominates the debate from Rawls to Habermas; and however hard these two authors in particular try to embed their Kantian concepts of justice in a realistic, almost social-scientific approach, the theoretical model of Hegel's Philosophy of Right plays no decisive part in their thought. Nor has the situation changed much in response to the countermovement in political philosophy that came into being through the somewhat artificial grouping of theoreticians as diverse as Charles Taylor, Michael Walzer, or Alasdair MacIntyre under the heading of "communitarianism." (.....)
"As I do not believe that either Hegel's concept of the state or his ontological concept of spirit can in any way be rehabilitated today, I must be satisfied with the indirect reactualization of the Philosophy of Right. (.....) the goal of this "indirect" procedure is to demonstrate the current relevance of The Philosophy of Right by proving that it can be understood as a draft of a normative theory of those spheres of reciprocal recognition that must be preserved intact because they constitute the moral identity of modern societies".
Interview with Michael Sandel in The Philosophers' Magazine
In the new issue of The Philosophers' Magazine, Julian Baggini interviews professor Michael Sandel (Harvard University):
"The Thick of It"
"I admire and agree with John Rawls's arguments for equality or for a greater measure of equality than prevails in most of our societies; and I agree very much with the egalitarian spirit of the difference principle."
"Today, markets have begun to reach into spheres of life traditionally governed by non-market norms: health, education, security and a great many others. In so far as there is something morally troubling about that development, one could say, well, if markets govern all sorts of spheres, including reproduction, family life, health, education and so on, people who lack money will be at a disadvantage and may be coerced by economic necessity and that is a reason to worry about markets run amuck, about rampant commodification."
"But there is another objection to markets reaching in to certain spheres of life, which is the crowding out of non-market norms that may be valuable. For example, if we pay children, as some school districts now do, a certain amount of money for each book they read, the goal is worthy – to get them to read more – but the effect is to crowd out non-market values like cultivating the love of learning, the love of reading."
"(.....) We can only address that kind of question if we ask, are those norms part of an important human good or social good? We can only ask that question about commodification if we are prepared to bring in admittedly contested conceptions of the good, and not simply concern ourselves with whether the background conditions of society are fair."
See my previous posts on Michael Sandel here, here and here.
Free issue of "Social Philosophy and Policy" on Ownership & Justice
All articles in the latest issue of the journal "Social Philosophy and Policy" (vol. 27 no. 1, January 2010) are available online (free) here:
THE RIGHT TO PRIVATE PROPERTY: A JUSTIFICATION
John Kekes
CLASSICAL NATURAL LAW THEORY, PROPERTY RIGHTS, AND TAXATION
THE NATURAL RIGHT OF PROPERTY
Eric Mack
PROPERTY AND JUSTICE
PROPERTY AND RIGHTS
Jan Narveson
EMBODIMENT AND SELF-OWNERSHIP
Daniel C. Russell
SELF-OWNERSHIP AND WORLD OWNERSHIP: AGAINST LEFT-LIBERTARIANISM
Richard J. Arneson
THE UNEASY RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEMOCRACY AND CAPITAL
Thomas Christiano
REAL-WORLD LUCK EGALITARIANISM
George Sher
COERCION, OWNERSHIP, AND THE REDISTRIBUTIVE STATE: JUSTIFICATORY LIBERALISM'S CLASSICAL TILT
Gerald Gaus
ADAM SMITH AND THE GREAT MIND FALLACY
James R. Otteson
See also the free issue from 2005 on Locke, Nozick and Libertarians here.
Jane Mansbridge et.al. on Deliberative Democracy
In the latest issue of "Journal of Political Philosophy" (vol. 18 no. 1, 2010, pp. 64-100) professor Jane Mansbridge (Harvard University) and a "dream team" of co-authors have written an important contribution to the theory of deliberative democracy:
"The Place of Self-Interest and the Role of Power in Deliberative Democracy"
by Jane Mansbridge, James Bohman, Simone Chambers, David Estlund, Andreas Føllesdal, Archon Fung, Cristina Lafont, Bernard Manin, and José luis Martí.
Excerpt from the conclusion:
"Deliberative democratic theory continues to "come of age." In this contribution to its development, we assume that deliberation should clarify conflict as well as help participants to discover and forge common interests. Although we want to stress the importance of seeking a genuinely common good, we argue that deliberation can and should in certain conditions include both self-interest and the negotiation of conflicting interests. Convergence, incompletely theorized agreements, integrative negotiation, and fully cooperative negotiations are compatible with deliberative ideals. They are forms of deliberative negotiation. Voting and the negotiation of cooperative antagonists are not themselves deliberative acts but, when they are justified through deliberative procedures and preceded in practice by such procedures, can be accepted by deliberative theorists as legitimate components of democracy complementary to and in some cases integrated with deliberation."
See also Jane Mansbridge's paper on "Deliberative and Non-deliberative Negotiations" (April 2009) here.
Podcast from Oxford Roundtable with Amartya Sen, November 2009
Roundtable on "Economics and The Idea of Justice" at the Oxford Department of International Development (ODID), University of Oxford.
A panel of policy makers, academics and senior MPs took advantage of professor Amartya Sen's visit to the University of Oxford on November 19, 2009, to discuss with the Nobel prize winner how economics should change in light of his new book "The Idea of Justice" (Harvard University Press, 2009).
Here is a podcast of the second roundtable discussion:
"Weaknesses of the Current System" [audio] [video]
(57 minutes)
Introduction by Professor Ngaire Woods,
Director, Global Economic Governance Programme, University College
Presentations by:
- John Broome, White's Professor of Moral Philosophy, Oxford
- Stefan Dercon, Professor of Development Economics (ODID)
- James Purnell, MP and Director, Open Left (Demos)
Comments by Professor Amartya Sen, Lamont University Professor, Harvard
For links to podcasts of the other panel discussions see the website of the University of Oxford here.
Interview with Axel Honneth
In "Frankfurter Rundschau" January 11, 2010, Arno Widmann interviews professor Axel Honneth:
"Ohne Liebe fehlt uns eine Dimension".
Axel Honneth is professor of social philosophy at Goethe University and director of the Institute for Social Research in Frankfurt am Main.
At LSE: "The Habermas-Rawls Dispute Reconsidered"
"The Habermas-Rawls Dispute Reconsidered"
Thursday March 11, 12.30 – 2.00pm
London School of Economics, London
Catherine Audard and James Gordon Finlayson will discuss the political theories and ideas of Habermas and Rawls, arguably the two most influential political theorists of the 20th Century. They will discuss their famous exchange in 1995, and its legacy, and various other substantive and methodological issues that arise from a comparison of their work. They will also examine the relevance of their respective ideas for the politics of today.
Catherine Audard is Visiting Fellow, Department of Philosophy, Logic and Scientific Method, LSE and Chair of the Forum for European Philosophy. Audard is the author of "John Rawls" (Acumen, 2007).
James Gordon Finlayson is Senior Lecturer, Department of Philosophy, University of Sussex and Director of the Centre for Social and Political Thought, University of Sussex. Finlayson has written "Habermas. A Very Short Introduction" (Oxford University Press, 2005). See chapter one here.
The discussion between Jürgen Habermas and John Rawls:
1. Jürgen Habermas - "Reconciliation Through the Public Use of Reason: Remarks on John Rawls's Political Liberalism", The Journal of Philosophy, vol. 92, no. 3 (March, 1995), pp. 109-131. Reprinted in Jürgen Habermas's "The Inclusion of the Other. Studies in Political Theory" (MIT Press, 1998)
2. John Rawls - "Reply to Habermas", The Journal of Philosophy, vol. 92, no. 3 (March, 1995), pp. 132-180. Reprinted in the paperback edition of John Rawls's "Political Liberalism" (Columbia University Press, 1996).
3. Jürgen Habermas - ""Reasonable" versus "True", or the Morality of Worldviews", in Habermas's "The Inclusion of the Other. Studies in Political Theory" (MIT Press, 1998), pp. 75-101.
Podcasts from Rorty Conference in London
On November 6, 2009, there was a one-day conference in London on Richard Rorty's magnum opus "Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature" (Princeton University Press, 1980).
Audio files of the lectures by the four key speakers are now available on the website of the Backdoor Broadcasting Company:
Bjørn Ramberg (University of Oslo)
"For the Sake of His Own Generation: Rorty on Destruction and Edification"
Robert Brandom (University of Pittsburgh)
"Global Anti-Representationalism?"
Albrecht Wellmer (Freie Universität, Berlin)
"Rereading Rorty"
Michael Williams (Johns Hopkins University)
"Philosophy as Epistemology"
You can listen to audio files of the responses and the discussion here.
Read Michael Williams's introduction to the 30th-anniversary edition of "Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature" here. And Bjørn Ramberg's article on Rorty in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy here.
Habermas lecture on human dignity and human rights
On November 16, 2009, Jürgen Habermas spoke at the UNESCO conference "Philosophy in the Dialogue of Cultures" in Moscow.
Habernas's lecture is now available online:
"The Internal Relationship Between Human Dignity and Human Rights" (Video)
[40 minutes]
According to the conference programme, Habermas should have talked about "Religion, Law and Politics – On Political Justice in a Multicultural World Society" but this was changed and instead he gave a lecture on human dignity and human rights - the same lecture as he gave at Stony Brook University on September 30, 2009. Unfortunalety, the Russian conference website still uses the originally planned lecture title for its link to video of Habermas's lecture.
See also the discussion between Habermas and professor Abdusalam Guseynov and professor Nelly Motroshilova here (in German) [42 minutes].
Essays by Allen Buchanan on ethics and internation...
Video: Martha Nussbaum, "Same-Sex Marriage and the...
Review essay of G.A. Cohen's "Rescuing Justice and...
Klaus Günther on Habermas's discourse theory of co...
Interview with Michael Sandel in The Philosophers'...
Free issue of "Social Philosophy and Policy" on Ow...
Podcast from Oxford Roundtable with Amartya Sen, N...


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Taysom Hill's performance justifies Sean Payton's decision, investment in QB
Judy Battista
NFL.com Columnist
Sean Payton had no intention of being expansive about Taysom Hill's first start Sunday, brushing off postgame questions about his years-long pet project with a comment that injuries and backups becoming starters happen all the time at other positions. The New Orleans Saints' defense was fantastic, he said, the offensive line blocked, the game plan changed a little to include heavy play-action passes, Hill threw the ball downfield well, and that was it before Payton announced he would take no more questions about Hill.
Except for Payton's Twitter game, which made clear what the coach thought of everyone questioning how he could give the 30-year-old heretofore running back/wide receiver/tight end/personal punt protector his first career start at quarterback against the Atlanta Falcons while in the middle of a playoff race instead of the more conventional quarterback, Jameis Winston.
Immediately after the game, Payton went to former Falcons wide receiver Roddy White's Twitter page and retweeted the following: "Saints about to get whip trying us with taysom hill at qb we about to snack them."
White was wrong. Practically everyone was wrong. Payton's decision to start Hill with Drew Brees out for several weeks with cracked ribs and a collapsed lung makes perfect sense with the benefit of hindsight and a good look at the Saints' dominance of the Falcons in their 24-9 win Sunday. This was no gamble. It was as an informed risk to alter the offense in the middle of a playoff push and allow a player who had more career NFL tackles (12) than completions (10) to finally prove he was worth Payton's interest and investment. Payton knew the Saints' defense has historically manhandled Matt Ryan to such a degree over the last two years that whatever foibles Hill revealed in his debut -- not many, by the way -- would likely be wildly overshadowed by Ryan's struggles.
Ryan was sacked eight times, making it 17 total in the last two games between the NFC South rivals. That the Saints play the Falcons again in two weeks suggests that Payton took a peek at the schedule and knew his defense could hold off Atlanta while Hill got comfortable.
It turns out it took just about one half for that to happen.
"Your first start ever in the NFL, I think he called one formation flipped around the wrong way," Payton said. "All of that calmed down and he got very comfortable with flow of the game."
One of Hill's nicknames is the Swiss Army Knife, but that can have an unflattering connotation -- would Hill be a jack of all trades, but a master of none? Really, Hill's remarkable bouncing between the glamour of the quarterback room and the grunt work of special teams was a testament to his diverse physical abilities and to the Saints' outside-the-box thinking about how to deploy personnel. Payton came in for some mocking for his fixation on Hill, which sometimes found him confoundingly taking the ball out of Brees' hands to put it in Hill's to little apparent benefit. Payton's true feelings about how Hill fit, though, surfaced when Hill got $16 million guaranteed this past offseason. That's not utility man money. And it was, notably, not Winston money either.
The only surprise about Payton's decision was the shock that accompanied it.
"Not to be rude or disrespectful -- I don't pay attention to any of that stuff," Hill said. "I care about the opinions of those closest to me: my friends, my family, my team. You get to his level, you have to have tunnel vision."
Early in the game, the Saints seemed to stay away from the designed runs that are a natural part of Hill's game. Instead he threw, leaning on Michael Thomas, who was targeted 12 times and caught nine passes for 104 yards. But early in the third quarter, on fourth down, Hill scored on a quarterback power run. His second rushing touchdown was a race to the pylon. Hill said later the game plan had significantly scaled back the number of designed runs, although he'd had conversations with his receivers to remind them that if plays broke down and he escaped the pocket, to stay alert because there are big plays in the offing. One of the most impressive parts of Hill's performance Sunday is that he resisted the urge to take off and run when he was under pressure. That is a useful skill to have in an emergency, but the Saints can't have Hill exposed to excessive hits when Brees is unavailable. So Hill played carefully and under control, which is what any team would want from a starter. He finished 18-of-23 passing for 233 yards and he rushed for 51 yards and two touchdowns.
"My mindset was, keep your eyes down the field and let's find opportunities for those guys," Hill said.
Hill was reflective after the game about the emotional week he had experienced. He and his wife had spent a lot of time thinking about Hill's long, circuitous journey to this point. He had four season-ending injuries in five college years at BYU, thought about being a venture capitalist, went undrafted, played in a few preseason games as a free-agent signee in Green Bay, and was scooped up by Payton just a day after the Packers released him in 2017. For three-plus seasons, he's had playbooks as a quarterback and as a member of the special teams unit, an extremely unusual combination in the NFL, where QBs are treated like porcelain and special-teamers are instructed to smash into anything they meet.
If Hill was tapped to start over Winston simply because, as NFL Network Insider Ian Rapoport reported, Payton wanted to find out what he had in Hill, the Saints coach must now know with a bit more certainty that he has at least the seeds of Brees' heir apparent. Hill himself said there were things to clean up -- on a couple of throws he said it felt like the ball slid out of his hands -- but at the very least, Payton's decision to give Hill the start now can no longer be questioned. Payton can go back into his lab, to tinker further with his offense as Hill grows more comfortable. Brees is on injured reserve, so he will be out at least two more games and perhaps several more. The upcoming schedule should ease Hill's growing pains. The Saints play the Broncos, Falcons and Eagles before a Dec. 20 game against the Chiefs. The most significant competition the Saints (8-2) will face will likely come from the Packers in the conference standings, where the Packers (7-3) are currently the No. 2 seed.
For all of the good feelings Sunday, Hill's emergence is unlikely to be completely free of setbacks. Opponents will prepare for him and adjust to his skills. New Orleans' defense is unlikely to obliterate every opposing quarterback the way it did Ryan.
Preparing for the departure of a franchise quarterback is a critical responsibility of any organization, and Payton need only look to New England to see what happens when the heir apparent is not apparent. That is the fate Payton hopes to avoid with Brees expected to retire after this season. There is still a long way to go in this season, though, and a long way to go before Hill's potential is fully revealed. With each start, however, the Saints' race against Brees' clock becomes a little less urgent.
"I could tell all throughout the week, he was ready for the moment," Thomas said. "Every day he found a way to win the day. I'm very proud of him. I know he's been waiting for that moment. Still has a lot of room for improvement, that's the exciting thing."
Follow Judy Battista on Twitter.
Philip Rivers' career defined by buoyant personality, inconsistency in big moments
With Philip Rivers retiring, Jim Trotter considers the quarterback's outsized personality -- and inconsistent performance in big moments.
Top 10 quarterbacks to never win a Super Bowl: Where does Philip Rivers rank?
Philip Rivers is retiring after 17 NFL seasons, having logged eight Pro Bowls and seven playoff appearances. But he didn't hoist the Lombardi Trophy. Where does Rivers rank among quarterbacks who never won a Super Bowl? Adam Rank lists his top 10.
Lack of diversity looms over NFL coach/GM hiring cycle
Judy Battista digs into a hiring cycle that has included just two new diverse general managers and one new diverse head coach -- the Jets' Robert Saleh -- so far this year.
2021 NFL turnaround candidates: Don't sleep on Cowboys, Jets
Washington and Cleveland just turned putrid seasons from 2019 into playoff journeys in 2020. Which NFL teams could follow suit in the 2021 campaign? Marc Sessler spotlights four particular franchises.
Scouting Zeus: How I initially stumbled upon the late, great Orlando Brown
Scott Pioli journeys back his early scouting days, when a sleepy trip to South Carolina State unearthed a 10-year NFL starter, thanks to the persistence of the late, great Orlando "Zeus" Brown.
Longtime Bills DE Jerry Hughes finally finding playoff glory
No player has been with the Bills longer than Jerry Hughes. Mike Giardi digs into his position as elder statesman on a team poised to shake decades of futility.
Why Richard Seymour deserves a place in Pro Football Hall of Fame's Class of 2021
After having a front-row seat for Richard Seymour's remarkable career, former NFL scout and executive Scott Pioli makes a case for why the third-time finalist deserves a place in the Pro Football Hall of Fame's Class of 2021.
Tom Brady back in familiar postseason spot after Buccaneers beat Saints in Divisional Round
The Buccaneers' 30-20 victory over the New Orleans Saints on Sunday was really a credit to Tampa Bay's defense for generating timely plays and turnovers. But the Bucs were in the Divisional Round to begin with because they had gone all in this year with Tom Brady, Judy Battista writes.
Chiefs show heart, grit in topping Browns despite loss of Patrick Mahomes
The Chiefs stared down a scary set of circumstances on Sunday and still prevailed. Jeffri Chadiha reports from Kansas City on what the defending Super Bowl champions showed the world along the way.
Bills' Josh Allen: 'Defensive game plan was executed to perfection' vs. Ravens
Buffalo's defense held Lamar Jackson and the Baltimore Ravens to just a field goal in their matchup on Saturday. Jim Trotter looks at how the Bills made it back to the AFC Championship Game after 27 years.
Allen Lazard's clutch performance propels Packers to Divisional Round win vs. Rams
A crucial third-quarter drop could've torpedoed Allen Lazard's confidence. But the Packers receiver believed in his ability to convert the next time Aaron Rodgers looked his way. Michael Silver spoke with Lazard about the big plays he made to help Green Bay top the Rams in the Divisional Round.
Marshon Lattimore motivated to continue dominance vs. Bucs WR Mike Evans
New Orleans Saints cornerback Marshon Lattimore takes pride in his ability to shut down Bucs receiver Mike Evans. Mike Giardi explores the foes' matchup history ahead of their Divisional Round meeting.


You're about to surprise a friend or relative with a very special gift. This is the 1st & only excursion certified by Starlight Foundation in the world. The Teide by Night is a magical and unique experience. The tour, led by certified Starlight Guides, is taking you above the sea of clouds where you can see the spectacular and romantic sunset while you enjoy a glass of cava. When the sky has gone pitch dark, you will discover an incredible sky full of stars and constellations in the Teide National Park.


On world immunization day, Mamata Banerjee informs people of West Bengal about their child immunization status. It seems ninety-four percentage of the children living in West Bengal are immunized.
West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee on Saturday said that 94 percent of the children in the state have been completely immunized.
In a tweet on the occasion of World Immunisation Day, Banerjee underscored the need for immunization for a healthy life.
Thanks to the "green corridor" system, a liver and kidney from a 20-year-old donor were transplanted into two elderly recipients, reported an official.
Sixteen thousand police personnel have donated blood over the past one week to overcome the blood crisis in West Bengal during the ongoing summer.
An elderly man lodged a police complaint after a private hospital report in West Bengal mentioned existence of "uterus" and "ovary" in the ultrasonogram report.
Hospitals are mandated to declare bed charges, ICU charges and package costs that can't be altered. A fine of Rs 10 lakh will be slapped if a hospital violates the new law.


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Home Biz World Saudi Prince bought Da Vinci painting by $450 million
Saudi Prince bought Da Vinci painting by $450 million
Posted By: daily industryon: December 08, 2017 In: Biz World, Entertaintment, World WideNo Comments
KSA Correspondent: Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman is the actual buyer of a painting by Renaissance master Leonardo da Vinci that sold for a record-breaking $450 million at auction last month.
The young and dynamic crown prince, known by his initials MBS, used an intermediary to buy the much-sought-after painting of Christ, "Salvator Mundi," the newspaper reported, citing US intelligence and other unnamed sources.
The son of Saudi King Salman is seen to be progressively consolidating his power, and is the architect of a wide-ranging plan dubbed Vision 2030 to bring social and economic change to his country's oil-dependent economy.
He is also seen as the mastermind of last month's rounding-up of more than 200 princes, ministers and businessmen in a sweeping anti-corruption purge.
The painting — one of fewer than 20 works generally accepted as being by the Renaissance master, according to Christie's — was bought by little-known Prince Bader bin Abdullah bin Mohammed bin Farhan al-Saud, reports say.
The Journal reported that Bader was the nominal buyer, but said MBS was identified in US intelligence reports as the true owner. "He is a proxy for MBS," an unnamed figure in the Gulf art world told the Journal.
American officials are keeping close tabs on the crown prince, the paper said, citing unnamed sources.
On Wednesday, the Louvre Abu Dhabi announced that the record-breaking Da Vinci painting would be displayed there.
The reports come shortly after the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia announced the formation of a new military and economic committee, separate from the Gulf Cooperation Council.
In recent years, Qatar has been the biggest player in the Gulf art world, but in June, Saudi Arabia and some of its allies broke off diplomatic and trade relations with Doha, which they accuse of supporting extremist movements.
"Salvator Mundi" — dated to around 1500 — is the last known Da Vinci in the hands of a private collector. It was long believed to be a copy but was finally authenticated about a dozen years ago.
Deep sea port must for Bangladesh to become economic powerhouse
Rubber-timber treatment plant to boost national economy: Muhith
Dhaka, Seoul sign 3 instruments
Korea wants stronger economic ties with BD
India withdraws export incentive for onion


Wow. Those are some really nice special editions. Star Wars Battlefront will have a unique helmet for each platform that it's coming out.
Darth Vader's iconic helmet will be made for the PC version. Boba Fett's unique mask will be the one available for the Xbox One version. And finally, Stormtrooper helmet graces the PlayStation 4 version.
It's hard to tell if they are big enough for someone to wear, but man, they do look cool. It's too bad you can't get a Fett helmet for a PlayStation 4 version for example, but that's just a small complaint from me.
I know some folks on the staff that will probably pick up all three special editions.


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Q: Getting unique/distinct list of key value pairs in C# I have a list of key value pairs, where some of the values are duplicates. I would like to remove the key value pairs where the values are duplicates, leaving only one such pair. I have followed THIS post from SO, but I cannot seem to get it working properly. When I debug, I see the exact same list in the new list.  The complete class code is shown below:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace MappingCodeImportHelper
{
    public class CodeMappingHelper
    {
    private List<KeyValuePair<int, string>> TargetJobCodeParallel { get; set; }
    private List<KeyValuePair<int, string>> SourceJobCodeParallel { get; set; }
    private List<KeyValuePair<int, string>> SourceJobCode_Distinct { get; set; }
    private StringBuilder TargetJobCodeOutputString { get; set; }
    private StringBuilder SourceJobCodeOutputString { get; set; }
    private string PathToFiles {get; set;}
    private string SourceFileName { get; set; }
    private string TargetFileName { get; set; }

    public CodeMappingHelper(string sourceJobCodeFileName, string targetJobCodeFileName)
    {
        this.SourceFileName = "\\" + sourceJobCodeFileName;
        this.TargetFileName = "\\" + targetJobCodeFileName;
        this.TargetJobCodeParallel = new List<KeyValuePair<int, string>>();
        this.SourceJobCodeParallel = new List<KeyValuePair<int, string>>();
        this.SourceJobCode_Distinct = new List<KeyValuePair<int, string>>();
    }

    internal void ImportCodesFromFile()
    {
        GetFilePaths();
        ReadInCodesFromFile();
    }

    private void ReadInCodesFromFile()
    {
        var digits = new[] { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' };
        using (StreamReader Reader = new StreamReader(PathToFiles + TargetFileName))
        {

            int counter = 0;
            string curLine = "";
            while( (curLine = Reader.ReadLine()) != null)
            {
                if (curLine.IndexOf('-') == -1)
                    TargetJobCodeParallel.Add(new KeyValuePair<int, string>(counter, curLine.TrimEnd(digits)));
                else
                    TargetJobCodeParallel.Add(new KeyValuePair<int, string>(counter, curLine.Substring(0, curLine.IndexOf('-') + 1).TrimEnd(digits)));

                 ++counter;
            }

        }

        using (StreamReader Reader = new StreamReader(PathToFiles + TargetFileName))
        {
            int counter = 0;
            string curLine = "";
            while ((curLine = Reader.ReadLine()) != null)
            {
                if (curLine.IndexOf('-') == -1)
                    SourceJobCodeParallel.Add(new KeyValuePair<int, string>(counter, curLine.TrimEnd(digits)));
                else
                    SourceJobCodeParallel.Add(new KeyValuePair<int, string>(counter, curLine.Substring(0, curLine.LastIndexOf('-') + 1).TrimEnd(digits)));

                ++counter;
            }
        }
    }

    private void GetFilePaths()
    {
         PathToFiles = Path.GetDirectoryName(System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location);
    }

    internal void MakeDistinctMaster()
    {
        //SourceJobCode_Distinct.AddRange(SourceJobCodeParallel.Where(keyPair => !SourceJobCode_Distinct.Contains(keyPair)));
        SourceJobCode_Distinct = SourceJobCodeParallel.Distinct().ToList();
    }
  }
}

In the program.cs file, add the below, changing the source and target file names to whatever you wish.
CodeMappingHelper mappingHelper = new CodeMappingHelper("JobCodeSourceDB.txt", "JobCodeTargetDB.txt");

mappingHelper.ImportCodesFromFile();
mappingHelper.MakeDistinctMaster();

ALSO, the files MUST be in the bin/debug folder, as I am using:
PathToFiles = Path.GetDirectoryName(System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location

In the source file, add (sample data):
CoordHAF01
NurseRXN01
PresCEO01
ResidentialCnsl01
SenSecretary01
VPClinServ01
SeniorCaseMgr01
CoordIntakeClin01
ResidentialCnsl23
ResidentialCnsl24

The Target DB info is irrelevant at the point. When the data is read in, and after the MakeDistinctMaster() function has finished running, I would like the SourceJobCode_Distinct list to hold the values below, essentially getting rid of the second and third ResidentialCnsl:
CoordHAF
NurseRXN
PresCEO
ResidentialCnsl
SenSecretary
VPClinServ
SeniorCaseMgr
CoordIntakeClin

As a side note, the comment out line with the .AddRange function is producing the same results. Is there an obvious reason I would not get a distinct list in the MakeDistinctMaster() function?
If you want a more full understanding of my situation--in case is am going about it in a terrible way and you have a better solution--a client is moving from one DB system to another. I was given an excel list of job codes with one column from a source DB and a second column of the target job codes that will be in the target DB. The col on the left maps to the value in the col on the right, row for row.
However, for whatever reason, when the clients made the list in Excel they put in every single employee and their source/target job code, with a "01", or "02" tacked on to the end of the source col, but not the target col. For instance, if there were 5 people in the "manager" job, the source column would have "Manager01", "Manager02", "Manager03", etc... But the target col would just show "Mngr", "Mngr", "Mngr", etc... 5 times.
So that left me having to truncate the numbers and get rid of the duplicate values in the source and target DB columns. When I attempted to do the distinct/unique part in Excel, Excel messed up the order, essentially destroying the mappings. This made me turn to a console app.
I decided to put both columns into respective key values pair lists so I could do the unique operation on only one list, and then just look at the leftover keys from that list (the keys being ints from 0 to n) and apply it to the second list and spit two files with the final lists that actually map.
Is there a better/faster/more logical way to do this?


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Indiana Principal Ushers in Summer Vacation with Hilarious 'Love Shack' Parody
Ryan O'Bryan
Ryan O'Bryan Published: May 24, 2022
Evansville Christian School via Facebook
If there were a list of the coolest principals around, I have to think Mike Allen would be near the top if not on the top of that list. While I don't know anyone who works at or sends their kids to Evansville Christian School, I get the impression there's rarely a dull moment when he's around based on the videos he's posted on the school's Facebook page over the years, including the newest one he posted recently poking a little fun at his students who seem to forget they have lockers and don't have to carry everything they own in their backpacks.
Indiana Principal Creates Hilarious 'Love Shack' Parody Video
While most schools will include a reminder to students to clean out their lockers or desks before they head out for summer break in the daily announcements, Mr. Allen took it a step further as he usually does. In the past, Mike has announced snow days along with other routine announcements through parody songs and videos he creates and shares on the school's Facebook page, as well as his YouTube channel, The Parody Principal.
For example, his farewell to COVID-19 to the tune of Elton John's "Candle in the Wind."
Or, his farewell to mask mandates to the tune of "Never Gonna Give You Up" by Rick Astley.
There's also this parody of the 1985 hit, "Take on Me" by A-Ha he created as a farewell to students just before school let out for Christmas break.
Pretty talented, right? I never had a principal that did anything close to this. Of course, Facebook, YouTube, and well, the internet weren't things when I was in grade school, middle school, or high school (yes, I'm old).
Allen's most recent parody is a take on the B-52's classic, and wedding reception staple, "Love Shack." Instead of singing about a club out in the country like the band, Mr. Allen's version is a reminder to students they don't have to carry their whole lives in their backpacks. Take a look (and listen) to "(Heavy) Backpack" featuring not only Principal Allen but what appears to be every single student at Evansville Christian School.
Bravo, everyone! Bravo! I can't wait to see the next one which I assume will be some type of "welcome back" when the new school year begins in August.
[Source: Evansville Christian School via Facebook]
Source: Indiana Principal Ushers in Summer Vacation with Hilarious 'Love Shack' Parody
Filed Under: Evansville, IN, IN, indiana
Categories: Evansville News, Videos
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You barely get a chance to take in the cold, Norse-inspired kingdom of Niflheim before undead men start longing for your heart.It's up to you whether you want to court heartthrobs like the smug King Jean, a steampunk zombie named JJ, and a flamboyant socialite by the name of Orlando.You can dress her up in different hats and jewelry, or place her in different locations around your house.All of these things will affect a litany of personality meters, ranging from 'goodwill' to 'sensibility' and the game's art style will change based on her mood.
Evian, the Goddess of Love, is still in our corner, and to prove the other gods wrong she has descended to Earth to find true love.There are also, apparently, non-potted plant woman you can date, but if you're not here to pervert your love of botany with dating then why even play this game?killed your mom Sometimes romance can bloom out of tragedy.What you account for in your master plan was falling in love along the way.I don't care who you are - that's a damn intriguing premise, and Kiss of Revenge does even more to invite players in by offering the prologue for free on i OS and Android.
This image of a retiring homebody, of course, is not the one that Trump's enemies present when they conjure her in the White House.