It is an official scoring system for Poomsae/Contest recognized by World Taekwondo Federation.
Using an Android-based tablet, you can make Poomsae competitions in cut-off, tournaments and so on.
Even if the rules change, you can use it by doing software update without adding hardware costs.
It is possible to operate tournament and get real-time data aggregation and analysis by connecting with KIRAS server which is the integrated system of competition operation.


text:
Q: How do I copy or clone a LinkedList-implemented Queue in Java? I have a Queue q1, that is implemented as a LinkedList, and I want to define a Queue q2, that is a separate, but identical identical instance of Queue q1.
How do I do that since Queue does not implement Cloneable?

A: you can use an iterator :
Iterator<Integer> it = q1.iterator();
while(it.hasNext())  {
   q2.add(it.next());
}

A: If q1 is one of JCF implementations of Queue like ArrayQueue etc are Cloneable you can use
    Queue q2 = ((Cloneable)q1).clone();

otherwise
    Queue q2 = q1.getClass().newInstance();
    for(Object e : q1) {
        q2.add(e);
    }

A: In a one liner:
new LinkedList<>(myQueue);
Since Queue extends Collection, and collections have a constructor that takes another Collection, this is a quick way to do a shallow clone.
Substitute LinkedList with your own Queue implementation if you wish.
Also, read the javadocs. They have all the answers.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Over the last two months, Chimamanda Adichie has been on the road publicizing her new book Dear Ijeawele. She's spoken at Johns Hopkins University, the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, the Women in the World Summit, George Town University and a host of international venues. Earlier this week she appeared on CNN as a guest on the Christian Amanpour Show.
Of course, the most important part of these talks and appearances are the smart things Adichie says about feminism, but her fashion game has been on such a high level that we've decided it is also worth highlighting.
Her tour wardrobe features a lot of bold styles: exaggerated sleeves, culottes, bomber jackets, shirt dresses, see-through sleeves, polka dots, prints, capes, and much more.
She keeps her makeup pretty lowkey but goes dramatic on the natural hair updos, creating the perfect balance for a classic look.
Adichie's generally goes for an edgy take on classic things. For example, her shoes are classic pumps with pointed toes and pencil-straight heels, but she keeps things edgy by opting for bright colors and print designs.
By the way, we are not the only ones taking note of Adichie's tour fashion. Last week, Nigerian lifestyle blog Bellanaija.com dedicated a post to her hair style. Nigerian designer, Grey Project, also gave Adichie a shout out on Instagram for wearing one of her pieces.
We've put together some of our favorites of her looks.
Images via Adichie's Facebook page.


The midlands regions of Dudley, Wolverhampton and South Stafford have been cleaning up their act in preparation for the arrival of the Olympic Torch.
Councils in local areas have been busy street-cleaning, cutting grass and picking litter from the roads before the torch passes through the Black Country next weekend. The flame route will be spruced up before the arrival of the flame, with councils revealing they will be reusing Jubilee bunting to try to help encourage a party atmosphere.
"Of course, like all cities, we have some areas which are less attractive than others and we are continually making efforts to improve the look of these.
You don't have to wait for the arrival of the Olympic flame to clean your own home. Cleaning services are relatively cheap to hire and can give you that all-important time you need to do more important things.


text:
int APIENTRY
WinMain(
    HINSTANCE hInstance,
    HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
    LPSTR lpszCmdLine,
    int nCmdShow) {
    HICON hIcon;
    hIcon = LoadIcon(GetModuleHandle(NULL), MAKEINTRESOURCE(MY_ICON));
// avoid unused argument error while matching template
    ((void)hInstance);
    ((void)hPrevInstance);
    ((void)lpszCmdLine);
    ((void)nCmdShow);
    return hIcon ? 0 : 1;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
El municipio de Foster (en inglés: Foster Township) es un municipio ubicado en el condado de Faribault en el estado estadounidense de Minnesota. En el año 2010 tenía una población de 239 habitantes y una densidad poblacional de 2,57 personas por km².

Geografía
El municipio de Foster se encuentra ubicado en las coordenadas . Según la Oficina del Censo de los Estados Unidos, el municipio tiene una superficie total de 92.88 km², de la cual 91,74 km² corresponden a tierra firme y (1,22 %) 1,14 km² es agua.

Demografía
Según el censo de 2010, había 239 personas residiendo en el municipio de Foster. La densidad de población era de 2,57 hab./km². De los 239 habitantes, el municipio de Foster estaba compuesto por el 96,65 % blancos, el 1,26 % eran afroamericanos, el 0,84 % eran amerindios, el 1,26 % eran de otras razas. Del total de la población el 3,77 % eran hispanos o latinos de cualquier raza.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Municipios de Minnesota
Localidades del condado de Faribault

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
The University of Toronto is a public research university located principally in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

The University of Toronto may also refer to the following:
  One of the university's two suburban campuses:
 University of Toronto Scarborough, located in Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
 University of Toronto Mississauga, located in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
 University of Toronto Schools, a university-preparatory and laboratory school affiliated with the University of Toronto
 University of Toronto Press, an affiliated publishing house, sometimes referred to simply as University of Toronto in bibliographical citations


Can dogs get depressed? Yes, dogs certainly can get depressed, just like humans. And just like a human, depression can be life threatening for dogs too. Below are some of clues that your dogs might be depressed.
One of the major symptoms is change of appetite. The dog might lose his appetite and skip several meals. This will lead to weight loss. Sometimes a depressed dog may go the other way—overeating which leads to weight gain. If your dog is experiencing a sudden weight loss, it may be a sign of your dog having depression.
If your dog suddenly lose interest in playing or taking walks—things that normally excite him, he could be having depression. Dogs suffering depression might also become less active, move slower than usual and wander around without purpose.
Change of sleeping habit could signify a depressed behaviour. Change of sleeping habit can occur in two ways: either the dog tend to sleep more or have trouble sleeping and become restless (a sign of insomnia), just like human.
It is well known that furry animals like to lick themselves, but if they lick themselves too much, it may be a sign of depression. Depressed dogs will often lick or chew their paws excessively to soothe themselves.
If your dog suddenly withdraws from you and other animals in the house, and continue for a long period of time, something must be wrong with him. This situation means either one of two things: physical injury or illness( e.g. depression). If you can't find any physical injury, then most likely it is an emotional one. A depressed dog may stop interacting with his owner and go somewhere to hide itself.
When we humans are depressed, we always get support and comfort from our friends and family to overcome the depression. In the same way, dogs need our support and love too. If you dogs show the symptoms of depression or any unusual behaviour, don't hesitate to call your veterinarian.
Previous Article Why do dogs eat grass?


Edward Sanders is a Sound Artist, Musician and Researcher. His work ranges from installation to live performance and is concerned with landscape, folk tradition, ecology and education. He studied a BA in Fine Art at University College Falmouth in 2012 and since its completion has traveled throughout the UK working on a multipule of individual and collaborative projects involving film, community workshops and site specific installations and performances.
Most recently he has co-founded Besalone studio and gallery for comtemporary arts in the East Midlands where he is currently based.


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text:
\section{Introduction}

The density of transistors in integrated circuits has been following Moore's law since its conception \cite{moore2005cramming}. However, as the size of transistors approaches the size of a single atom the laws of quantum physics will play an increasingly dominant role in computer architectures, making it difficult for this trend to continue much longer. Despite this, the prospect of utilizing quantum mechanical phenomena in information processing offers an opportunity to increase the computational power of computers, for some types of problems, beyond what is known to be possible on even the most ideal classical computer \cite{shor1999polynomial,grover1996fast}. In order for functional quantum computers to become a reality, they will require an on-chip physical component with reproducible properties that can be incorporated into large scale structures, much like the classical computer depends on the robustness of the transistor.

One of the leading candidates for the quantum analog of the transistor is the gate-defined, semiconductor quantum dot \cite{kouwenhoven1997,hanson2007spins}. The spin state of an electron trapped in a quantum dot is an ideal physical system for storing quantum information \cite{loss1998,divincenzo2000universal,taylor2005fault}. Silicon in particular, with its weak hyperfine fields, small spin-orbit coupling and lack of piezoelectric electron-phonon coupling, forms a ``semiconductor vacuum" for spin states \cite{steger2012}, and supports seconds-long electron spin coherence times  \cite{tyryshkin2012electron}. However, the fabrication of reliable and scalable Si based quantum dots has proved challenging. Independent of the need for a pure spin environment, quantum dots must have reproducible electrical properties for scaling. The relatively large effective mass of electrons in Si, along with the typically lower mobilities of Si two-dimensional electron gases, makes the fabrication of tightly confined, few-electron quantum dots with reproducible properties difficult \cite{payette2012single}.

\begin{figure*}
	\begin{center}
		\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Figure1_v11}
		\caption{
			(a) False-color scanning electron microscope image of the overlapping gate architecture. A linear array of 9 quantum dots is formed under plunger gates P1, P2, ..., P9. Tunnel couplings are controlled using barrier gates B1, B2, ..., B10. Quantum dot charge sensors are formed under gates S1, S2, and S3. (b) Lower panel: COMSOL simulation of the electron density, $n$, in the quantum well. Upper panel: The confinement potential, $V(x)$, along the dashed line in the lower panel.
		}
		\label{fig1}
	\end{center}
	\vspace{-0.6cm}
\end{figure*}

In this paper we present a path forward for scaling up semiconductor quantum dot devices. Our device consists of 12 quantum dots, 9 of which are arranged in a linear array, and 3 that are used as sensitive charge detectors. The enhancement mode device utilizes an overlapping aluminum gate architecture to achieve tight electronic confinement \cite{zajac2015reconfigurable}, while the undoped Si/SiGe heterostructure provides a clean, high mobility interface \cite{miPRB} for the formation of well-behaved quantum dots with reproducible characteristics.

\section{Results and Discussion}

The outline of the paper is as follows. We first evaluate the reproducibility of the 9 dots in the array by extracting the critical parameters of single quantum dots formed under each plunger gate: the lever-arm, charging energy and orbital excited state energy. We are able to reach zero electron occupancy in all 9 quantum dots in the array, obtaining an average charging energy $E_\text{c}$ = 6.9 $\pm$ 0.7 meV and an average orbital energy $E_\text{orb}$ = 3.0 $\pm$ 0.5 meV. Using adjacent single quantum dots as charge sensors, we show that we are able to read out the charge state of the entire array with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) that allows for the observation of real-time tunneling events. Lastly, as a demonstration of the flexibility of the gate architecture, we perform single-shot spin readout and demonstrate strong capacitive coupling of two nearest-neighbor double quantum dots (DQDs).

\subsection{Linear Gate Architecture}

A false-colored SEM image of the device is shown in Fig.\ \ref{fig1}(a) and a COMSOL simulation of the electron density $n$ in the plane of the quantum well is shown in Fig.\ \ref{fig1}(b). Tight electronic confinement is achieved using an overlapping aluminum gate architecture \cite{zajac2015reconfigurable}. In the upper half of the device, two sets of aluminum gate electrodes, with a pitch of 100 nm, are interleaved to form a linear array of 9 quantum dots. A plunger gate controls the chemical potential of each quantum dot (shown in red), while barrier gates control the tunnel coupling of adjacent dots (shown in green). An aluminum screening layer restricts the action of the tuning gates to a one-dimensional channel \cite{zajac2015reconfigurable}. High sensitivity single electron charge detection is achieved using 3 single dot charge sensors defined in a second one-dimensional channel that is formed in the lower half of the device.

The scalability of this device design is evident from its repeating unit cell structure. Each unit cell consists of 3 quantum dots and a charge sensor. The device demonstrated here is constructed by concatenating 3 of these unit cells. Scaling to arrays of arbitrary length is achievable by adding additional unit cells.  The overlapping gate architecture demonstrated here has roughly 4.5 times the areal density of a widely-used DQD depletion mode gate pattern; we fit 9 dots and 3 charge sensors in an area of $\sim1.5$ $\mu m^2$, the same area as a GaAs DQD and its two quantum point contact charge detectors \cite{petta2005}.

\subsection{Characterization of the 9 Dot Array}

Scaling to large arrays of quantum dots requires uniform and reliable single quantum dot characteristics. We adopt three figures of merit to characterize the reproducibility of the linear array: the lever-arm $\alpha$, charging energy $E_\text{c}$, and orbital excited state energy $E_\text{orb}$. We form a single quantum dot under each plunger gate with the neighboring quantum dots tuned to the many electron regime and extract $\alpha$, $E_\text{c}$ and $E_\text{orb}$ for each dot using a combination of transport measurements, charge sensing, and pulsed gate spectroscopy.

Lever-arms are extracted from transport measurements of Coulomb diamonds at the $N$ = 0 to 1 transition, where $N$ refers to the number of electrons in the dot. The charge state of each dot is read out by measuring the conductance through the nearest single dot charge sensor. As an example, Fig.\ \ref{fig2}(a) shows the charge stability diagram of a quantum dot formed under plunger gate P9. Here the derivative of the charge sensor conductance, $dg_{\rm S3}/dV_{\rm P9}$, is plotted as a function of  $V_\text{P9}$ and  $V_\text{B10}$. The lack of charge transitions for low values of  $V_\text{P9}$ indicates that dot 9 has been emptied of free electrons, reaching $N_\text{9}$ = 0 charge occupancy. Addition voltages for dot 9 are extracted along the vertical dashed line in Fig.\ \ref{fig2}(a) and converted into addition energies, $E_\text{add}$, using $\alpha$. These addition energies are plotted in Fig.\ \ref{fig2}(b). For comparison, we also show the addition energies for dots 4, 6, and 8. The increase in $E_\text{add}$ at the $N$ = 4 to 5 charge transition is attributed to shell filling of the low lying spin and valley degrees of freedom \cite{yang2013spin,BorselliMagneto}.

Pulsed gate spectroscopy is performed in each dot at the $N$ = 0 to 1 charge transition to extract the orbital excited state energy $E_\text{orb}$ \cite{elzerman2004excited,yang2012orbital}. A 500 Hz square wave with peak-to-peak amplitude $V_\text{pulse}$ is added to the dc plunger gate voltage to repeatedly load and unload an electron onto and off of the dot. For small $V_\text{pulse}$ only the ground state is pulled below the Fermi level of the lead [upper panel in Fig.\ \ref{fig2}(c)] and an electron tunnels onto the dot with a rate $\Gamma_\text{g}$. When the pulse amplitude exceeds $V_\text{orb}$, the electron can load into either the ground state or the first excited state [lower panel in Fig.\ \ref{fig2}(c)]. The effective loading rate is increased due to the contribution from the excited state $\Gamma_\text{e}$ and is visible in the charge sensing data as a change in the average sensor conductance. From these data we extract an orbital excited state energy $E_{\rm orb}$ = $\alpha V_{\rm orb}$ = 3.4 meV for dot 9.

\begin{figure}
	\includegraphics[width=0.95\columnwidth]{Figure2_v10.pdf}
	\caption{
		(a) Charge stability diagram of quantum dot 9. The derivative of charge sensor dot 3 conductance, dg$_{\text{S3}}$/dV$_{\text{P9}}$, plotted as a function of V$_{\text{P9}}$ and V$_{\text{B10}}$. For low voltages, dot 9 is emptied of free electrons, reaching the $N_9$ = 0 charge state. (b) Addition energy, $E_{\rm add}$, plotted as a function of electron number $N$ for dots 4, 6, 8, and 9. (c) Pulsed gate spectroscopy: The effective tunneling rate onto the dot is dependent on $V_{\rm pulse}$. (d) An orbital excited state with energy $E_{\rm orb}$ = $\alpha V_{\rm orb}$ = 3.4 meV is visible in dot 9.
	}
	\label{fig2}

\end{figure}

Similar characterization is performed on dots 1--8 and the results are summarized in Table \ref{table1}. The averaged figures of merit are $\alpha$ = 0.13 $\pm$ 0.01 meV/mV, $E_\text{c}$ = 6.9 $\pm$ 0.7 meV, and $E_\text{orb}$ = 3.0 $\pm$ 0.5 meV. These charging energies are generally larger than those obtained with other device designs in Si/SiGe due to the tight confinement potential generated by the overlapping gate architecture. Specifically, depletion mode devices achieved charging energies of less than 2 meV \cite{yuan2011si}, while enhancement mode architectures have yielded charging energies close to 5 meV \cite{BorselliMagneto}. Moreover, the large orbital excited state energies are comparable to those measured in GaAs devices, where the effective mass is nearly three times smaller than Si \cite{hanson2007spins}.

\begin{table} [b]
	\begin{center}
		\begin{tabular}{c | c | c | c}
			Dot & $\alpha$ (meV/mV) & E$_\text{c}$ (meV)& E$_\text{orb}$ (meV)\\
			\hline\hline
			1 & 0.14 & 6.6 & 2.7\\
			2 & 0.13 & 6.1 & 2.6\\
			3 & 0.11 & 5.6 & 2.1\\
			4 & 0.14 & 7.3 & 3.3\\
			5 & 0.14 & 7.2 & 3.3\\
			6 & 0.14 & 7.1 & 3.0\\
			7 & 0.14 & 7.7 & 3.5\\
			8 & 0.14 & 7.1 & 3.4\\
			9 & 0.13 & 7.2 & 3.4\\
		\end{tabular}
		\caption{
			Lever-arm conversion between gate voltage and energy $\alpha$, charging energy $E_{\rm c}$, and orbital excited state energy $E_{\rm orb}$ for each of the 9 dots in the linear array.
		}
		\label{table1}
	\end{center}
\end{table}
\subsection{Sensitive Charge Detection}

\begin{figure}
	\begin{center}
		\includegraphics[width=0.95\columnwidth]{Figure3_v10.pdf}
		\caption{
			(a) A Coulomb blockade peak is visible in sensor dot 3 conductance, $g_{\rm S3}$,  which is plotted as a function of the gate voltages $V_{\rm P8}$ and $V_{\rm S3}$. (b) $g_{\rm S3}$ measured at the locations indicated by the dashed lines in panel (a). The Coulomb blockade peak shifts by $\Delta V_{\rm S3}$ = 0.26 mV when $N_8$ changes by one electron. (c) $\Delta V_{\rm S3}$ is measured for dots 2--8 and plotted as a function of the distance $d$ from the sensor dot. The black line is the theoretical prediction. (d) The approximately $1/d^3$ power law dependence is qualitatively understood as the field of a dipole formed by the electron in the quantum well (blue circle) and its positive image charge (red circle).
		}
		\label{Fig3}
	\end{center}
	\vspace{-0.6cm}
\end{figure}

An important criterion for quantum information processing is high fidelity qubit readout. For both single-shot readout of an individual spin \cite{elzerman2004single,morello2010} and spin-to-charge conversion in double \cite{petta2005} and triple quantum dot qubits \cite{medford2013} this translates to a need for high fidelity charge state readout. We demonstrate high sensitivity charge detection using the charge sensor array. The 3 sensor dots give good coverage over the entire 9 dot array.

In order to characterize the charge sensor performance we first measure the shift in a charge sensor Coulomb blockade peak due to a change in the charge occupancy of a nearby dot in the linear array. As an example, in Fig.\ \ref{Fig3}(a), we plot the conductance through charge sensor 3, $g_\text{S3}$, as a function of $V_\text{P8}$ and $V_\text{S3}$. A Coulomb blockade peak is visible in the sensor dot conductance and it abruptly shifts each time an electron is added to quantum dot 8. We measure a peak shift of $\Delta V_\text{S3}$= 0.26 mV at the $N_8$ = 0 to 1 charge transition. The shift in the charge sensor 3 Coulomb blockade peak position is also measured for dots 2--7 and is plotted in Fig.\ \ref{Fig3}(c) as a function of the geometric distance, $d$, between each dot and the sensor dot. The shift falls off with a power law that is close to $1/d^3$.

Predictions for the shifts in the sensor dot Coulomb blockade peak position can be obtained by computing the capacitances of the device. We construct a 3-dimensional model of the device based on the wafer growth profile and lithographic gate dimensions, representing the dots as metallic cylinders with a radius of 19 nm and height of 5 nm, each centered 7 nm below the Si/SiGe interface. The capacitances of the device are then computed using the fast-multipole-moment solver FastCap \cite{fastcap}. The expected shift is computed from the simulated capacitances using $\Delta V_{\rm S3} = \frac{e C_{\rm m}}{C_{\rm p}C_{\rm t}}$ where $C_{\rm m}$ is the mutual capacitance between the sensor dot and the single-electron dot, $C_{\rm p}$ is the capacitance between the sensor dot and its plunger gate, and $C_{\rm t}$ is the total single-electron dot capacitance \cite{van2002electron}. The computed shift scales as $\Delta V_{\rm S3} (d) \propto 1/d^{3.02 \pm 0.05}$ and agrees nicely with the experimental data [see the solid black line in Fig.\ \ref{Fig3}(c)]. We point out that the accuracy of this model is limited by uncertainty in the exact location of the quantum dots in the quantum well.

As in the case of a parallel plate capacitor, one might expect the capacitance to scale as 1/$d$. However, the overlapping gate architecture covers nearly the entire Si/SiGe heterostructure with metal, resulting in a significant amount of screening. The impact of this screening can be understood using the method of images charges [Fig.\ \ref{Fig3}(d)]. An electron trapped in a quantum dot induces a positive image charge in the gate metal above. The resulting electric field due to the electron and its image charge is that of a dipole, which falls off with a 1/$d^3$ dependence.

\subsection{Real-Time Charge Detection}

The ability to resolve real-time charge dynamics allows the study of fundamental physical phenomena at the level of single electrons \cite{kung2012irreversibility,maisi2016prl}. It also enables single-shot readout of single electron spin states \cite{elzerman2004single,morello2010} and the discrimination of two-electron singlet and triplet spin states \cite{petta2005}. We now demonstrate high sensitivity charge detection through the observation of real-time tunneling events \cite{vandersypen2004real,gustavsson2009electron}. Through a quantitative analysis of the charge sensor response, we extract a charge sensitivity of 8.2$\times$10$^{-4} e/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$.

Figure \ref{Fig4}(a) shows a color-scale plot of the current $I$ through sensor dot 3 as a function of time, for a range of plunger gate voltages $V_\text{P8}$ with dot 8 tuned up near the $N_\text{8}$ = 0 to 1 charge transition. Five time series extracted from this data set are plotted in Fig.\ \ref{Fig4}(b). The lowest time-series in Fig.\ \ref{Fig4}(b) was acquired with $V_\text{P8}$ = 661.12 mV. Here the dot is empty nearly all of the time. With $V_\text{P8}$ slightly increased, the current shows signatures of real-time single electron tunneling events and switches between two levels corresponding to the $N_8$ = 0 and 1 charge states. As expected, the dwell time in the $N_\text{8}$ = 1 charge state increases with increasing $V_\text{P8}$. Using a threshold to discriminate between the charge states, we plot the time-averaged occupation of dot 8, $\langle N_\text{8} \rangle$, as a function of $V_\text{P8}$ in Fig.\ \ref{Fig4}(c). We expect the population to follow a Fermi function as the chemical potential of the dot level is lowered past the Fermi level of the lead. The data in Fig.\ \ref{Fig4}(c) are nicely fit to a Fermi function with an electron temperature $T_{\rm e}$ = 120 mK.

\begin{figure}
	\begin{center}
		\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{Figure5_v6.pdf}
		\caption{
			(a) The current, $I$, through sensor dot 3, plotted as a function of $V_{\rm P8}$ and time, $t$, near the $N_8$ = 0 to 1 charge transition. (b) Time series extracted from the data in (a) at the positions shown by the dashed lines. The dwell time in the $N_8$ = 1 charge state increases as $V_{\rm P8}$ is made more positive. The traces are offset by 2 nA for clarity. (c) Time-averaged quantum dot 8 occupation, $\langle N_{\rm 8} \rangle$, extracted from the data in (a) and plotted as a function of $V_{\rm P8}$. The data are fit to a Fermi function $f(E)$.
		}
		\label{Fig4}
	\end{center}
	\vspace{-0.6cm}
\end{figure}

A detailed analysis of the real-time single electron tunneling events can be used to determine the charge sensor SNR and charge sensitivity. We first measure a one-second time series of the current through the charge sensor with dot 8 tuned to the $N_\text{8}$ = 0 to 1 charge degeneracy point. The data are acquired at a sampling rate of 500 kHz and a Kaiser-Bessel finite impulse response (FIR) filter is used to reduce the effective measurement bandwidth to 30 kHz, the 3 dB point of our room temperature amplifier. A 30 ms long segment of this time series is shown in Fig.\ \ref{Fig5}(a). Real-time tunneling events between $N_\text{8}$ = 0 and $N_\text{8}$ = 1 are seen as two level switching in the measured current. A histogram of the full time trace is shown in Fig.\ \ref{Fig5}(b). The two well-resolved peaks correspond to the two charge states. Each peak is nicely fit to a Gaussian with width $\sigma_\text{I}$ = 0.112 nA, corresponding to the current noise in our measurement setup. The centroids of the two Gaussians are separated by $\Delta I$ = 0.772 nA, which corresponds to the signal associated with a  change in electron occupancy of one. For these data we extract a SNR = $\Delta I$/$\sigma_\text{I}$ = 6.9. By adjusting the FIR filter cutoff frequency, $f$, we plot the SNR as a function of the effective measurement bandwidth in Fig.\ \ref{Fig5}(c), showing a decrease in the SNR with increasing $f$.

\begin{figure}[t]
	\begin{center}
		\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{Figure4_v6.pdf}
		\caption{
(a) A time series of the current, $I$, through sensor dot 3, with dot 8 configured at the $N_{\rm 8}$ = 0 to 1 charge transition. (b) A histogram of a one second time series exhibits two Gaussian peaks with width $\sigma_{\rm I}$ = 0.112 nA separated by an amount $\Delta I$ = 0.772 nA. (c) The SNR = $\Delta I/\sigma_{\rm I}$ plotted as a function of the filter cutoff frequency, $f$ (black crosses). The data fall between the expected SNR for a current level of 4 nA (blue) and 6 nA (red) based on the measured noise spectra at each current level, shown in the inset.
}
		\label{Fig5}
	\end{center}
	\vspace{-0.6cm}
\end{figure}

A quantitative description of the SNR requires a more careful analysis of the experimental setup. We therefore measure the current noise of the device. The measured noise spectra, $i_{\rm n}(f)$, at current levels of 4 nA (6 nA) are plotted as the blue (red) traces in the inset of Fig.\ \ref{Fig5}(c). The noise is approximately white at high frequencies, but noise with an approximate $1/f$ dependence dominates at low frequency, and the overall noise level appears to be correlated to the derivative of the charge sensor current with respect to gate voltage. We can use these spectra to calculate the expected noise for a one second time series by integrating over frequency from 1 Hz to the filter cutoff frequency, $f$:
\begin{equation}
\sigma^2_\text{I}(f)=\int\limits_{1 \text{Hz}}^{f} i^2_n(f') df'.
\end{equation}

Using the measured signal $\Delta I$ = 0.772 nA, we plot the expected SNR as a function of $f$ in Fig.\ \ref{Fig5}(c). The measured SNR falls within the shaded region between the two curves that delineate the expected SNR for current levels of 4 and 6 nA. For a 30 kHz bandwidth the SNR = 6.9, implying an effective charge sensitivity of  8.2$\times$10$^{-4} e/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$. This sensitivity is higher than both the rf-QPC ($\sim$ $10^{-3}$ $e/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$)   \cite{reilly2007fast} and dispersive gate readout (6.3 $\times$ $10^{-3}$ $e/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$)  \cite{colless2013dispersive}, however our measurement bandwidth is limited to 30 kHz due to our current amplifier. Improvements to the SNR and measurement bandwidth could be made by using a low temperature preamplifier \cite{curry2015cryogenic} in combination with a higher bandwidth room temperature amplifier.

\subsection{Versatility Demonstrations}

The 9 dot linear array is capable of hosting a diverse range of quantum dot qubits. Using individual spins, 9 nearest-neighbor exchange coupled Loss-DiVincenzo qubits can be formed within the array \cite{loss1998}. With the gate voltages configured differently, four singlet-triplet qubits could be formed using pairs of electrons \cite{petta2005} and the qubits could be coupled via a dipole-dipole interaction \cite{Shulman2012}. Alternatively, three exchange-only spin qubits could be defined, allowing full electrical control over the  Bloch sphere of each qubit \cite{medford2013,medford2013self,eng2015isotopically}. To demonstrate the versatility of this device architecture we first perform single-shot readout of an electron spin to measure the spin lifetime, $T_1$. Finally, we form two capacitively coupled DQDs and measure an interaction strength of 200 $\mu$eV, which suggests a 50 GHz two-qubit gate operation speed.

We now demonstrate single-shot spin state readout on dot 8 in the linear array. A three-step pulse sequence is employed to measure the spin relaxation time $T_1$ at a magnetic field $B$ = 1 T \cite{elzerman2004single,morello2010}. Starting with an empty dot, we plunge the chemical potential of the dot level far below the Fermi level of the lead, which allows an electron to load into either the spin up or the spin down state. After a time $t_\text{wait}$ we begin the readout phase by setting the chemical potential of the dot such that the spin up and spin down energy levels straddle the Fermi level of the lead. If the electron on the dot is in the spin-up excited state, as shown in Fig.\ \ref{Fig6}(a), the electron will hop off of the dot and then be replaced by a spin-down electron. The change in the charge occupancy of the quantum dot due to this process is visible in time series measurements of the sensor dot current, $I$, and is referred to here as a ``spin bump." In contrast, if the final spin state is spin down, no spin bump will be observed.  Lastly, we raise the chemical potential of both spin states above the Fermi level to empty the dot and complete the measurement cycle.

Example single-shot traces are shown in Fig.\ \ref{Fig6}(b). Spin up electrons are indicated by current pulses during the readout phase (red traces) while spin down electrons simply remain on the dot during the readout phase (blue traces). We extract $T_1$ by varying $t_\text{wait}$ and measuring the probability $P_{\uparrow}$ of being in the spin up state at the end of the measurement phase [see Fig.\ \ref{Fig6}(c)]. Each data point represents the average of 10,000 single-shot traces. The resulting data are fit to an exponential decay with a best fit $T_1$ = 170 $\pm$ 17 ms. The long spin relaxation time is a defining feature of the Si ``semiconductor vacuum."

\begin{figure}[t]
	\begin{center}
		\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{Figure6_v7.pdf}
		\caption{
		Single-shot spin measurements. (a) A single electron spin is measured by aligning the spin states such that a spin up electron (red level) can tunnel off of the dot and be replaced by a spin down electron, while a spin down electron (blue level) does not have sufficient energy to tunnel off of the dot. (b) Example single-shot traces acquired at $B$ = 1 T. The vertical dashed line at $t$ = 5 ms marks the beginning of the readout phase. Red (blue) traces correspond to spin up (spin down) electrons. Spin up events result in a ``spin bump." (c) $P_{\uparrow}$ decays exponentially with $t_{\rm wait}$, with a best fit $T_1$ = 170 $\pm$ 17 ms.
		}
		\label{Fig6}
	\end{center}
	\vspace{-0.8cm}
\end{figure}

Capacitive coupling has been proposed to mediate two-qubit interactions \cite{taylor2005fault}. Our compact gate design leads to large capacitive couplings. As a demonstration, we investigate the capacitive coupling of two adjacent DQDs. We use dots 6--7 to define one DQD and dots 8--9 to define a second DQD. The charge stability diagrams for these DQDs are shown in Figs.\ \ref{Fig7}(a--b). The barrier gate voltage $V_{\rm B8}$ is set such that there is no tunneling between dots 7 and 8. As a result, the two DQDs are coupled only via a capacitive interaction $C_{\rm m}$. Interdot detuning axes, $\varepsilon_\text{L}$ and $\varepsilon_\text{R}$, are overlaid on the data in Figs.\ \ref{Fig7}(a--b). By sweeping $\varepsilon_\text{L}$ vs $\varepsilon_\text{R}$, we obtain the quadruple quantum dot stability diagram shown in Fig.\ \ref{Fig7}(c). The mutual capacitance $C_{\rm m}$
causes the ($N_6$, $N_7$) = (1,0) to (0,1) interdot charge transition to shift by $\Delta \varepsilon_{\rm L}$ = 0.77 mV when the occupancy of the second DQD changes from ($N_8$, $N_9$) = (1,0) to (0,1).  Using the lever-arm conversion between gate voltage and energy, this corresponds to a 200 $\mu$eV energy shift (50 GHz two-qubit gate operation time) \cite{ward2016state}.

\begin{figure}[t]
	\begin{center}
		\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{Figure7_v1.pdf}
		\caption{
			Dots 6--7 and 8--9 are simultaneously tuned up to form two DQDs, as shown by the charge stability diagrams in panels (a--b). (c) The capacitive interaction between the two DQDs is extracted by measuring the quadruple dot charge stability diagram as function of $\varepsilon_{\text{L}}$ and $\varepsilon_{\text{R}}$. The ($N_6$, $N_7$) = (1,0) to (0,1) interdot charge transition shifts by $\Delta \varepsilon_{\rm L}$ = 0.77 mV when $\varepsilon_{\rm R}$ is swept across the ($N_8$, $N_9$) = (1,0) to (0,1) interdot charge transition.
		}
		\label{Fig7}
	\end{center}
	\vspace{-0.8cm}
\end{figure}

\section{Conclusion}
In summary, we have developed a scalable quantum dot gate architecture that yields quantum dots with uniform and reproducible characteristics. As a proof-of-concept, we have presented a 12 quantum dot device consisting of a linear array of 9 quantum dots and 3 single quantum dot charge sensors. From characterization measurements we obtain standard deviations in the charging energies and orbital energies of less than 20\% relative to their means: $E_\text{c}$ = 6.9 $\pm$ 0.7 meV, $E_\text{orb}$ = 3.0 $\pm$ 0.5 meV. We have demonstrated the ability to detect real-time tunneling events in this large array, and used this capability for single-shot measurements of the electron spin. As a final demonstration, we characterize the dipole-dipole coupling of two adjacent DQDs formed in the array and measure an interaction energy of 200 $\mu$eV, which bodes well for computing architectures that rely on capacitive coupling of qubits.

\section{Acknowledgments}

 Funded by the ARO through grant No.\ W911NF-15-1-0149, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation's EPiQS Initiative through Grant GBMF4535, and the NSF (DMR-1409556 and DMR-1420541). Devices were fabricated in the Princeton University Quantum Device Nanofabrication Laboratory.

\bibliographystyle{apsrev4-1}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Q: Is there any compression available in libcurl I need to transfer a huge file from local machine to remote machine using libcurl with C++. Is there any compression option available in-built with libcurl. As the data to be transferred is large (100 MB to 1 GB in size), it would be better if we have any such options available in libcurl itself. I know we can compress the data and send it via libcurl. But just want to know is there any better way of doing so.
Note: In my case, many client machines transfer such huge data to remote server at regular interval of time.
thanks,
Prabu

A: According to curl_setopt() and options CURLOPT_ENCODING, you may specify:

The contents of the "Accept-Encoding: " header. This enables decoding
  of the response. Supported encodings are "identity", "deflate", and
  "gzip". If an empty string, "", is set, a header containing all
  supported encoding types is sent.

Here are some examples (just hit search in your browser and type in compression), but I don't know hot exactly does it work and whether it expect already gzipped data.
You still may use gzcompress() and send compressed chunks on your own (and I would do the task this way... you'll have better control on what's actually going on and you'll be able to change used algorithms).

A: You need to send your file with zlib compression by yourself. And perhaps there are some modification needed on the server-side.


Author: Bory de Saint-Vincent, J.B.G.M.
Modern paper-covered boards with a paper spine-label, 8vo., pp. iv, 5-212 with 2 maps, of which 1 folding, and 5 aquatint plates (Prideaux mentions only 3 plates), of which 4 folding.
A very clean copy throughout with the inner margins of the plates trimmed when rebound. Nevertheles a very attractive copy.
Baron Jean Baptiste Geneviève Marcellin Bory de Saint-Vincent was born in 1778 in Agen, a city in the Département de Tarn et Garonne.
Descendant of a noble family, due to the french revolution, he received his academic education at home and had an interest in natural history. In 1797 he enlisted and was based on an island near the Atlantic coast.
When an expedition under the command of Nicolas Baudin was set up, sailing with two vessels around Africa and to Australia, due to the intervention of Comte Bernard Lacépède, the renowned naturalist, Bory de Saint-Vincent could join this expedition. On their way they visited the Canary Islands and Cape Verde Islands, rounded the Cape of Good Hope and continued to the Île de France (now Mauritius), where a problem arose between Baudin on one hand and several scientists on the other hand, resulting in the departure of a.o. Jean Bory de Saint-Vincent and André Michaux. After a while Bory de Saint-Vincent sailed to the Île de Bourbon (now Reunion) to collect plants and to map the island and to examine its vulcanoes.
After returning to France this book, under the original title "Voyage dans les quatre principales Iles des Mers d'Afrique" was printed in 1804. Within a year it was translated into English and German. The book principally deals with the islands of St. Helena, Tenerife, Mauritius and Reunion.


text:
Arkansas Children's Announces Gifts Totaling $1.5 Million to Support Dental Outreach Programs and the Campaign for a Healthier Tomorrow
Gifts from Valero and Stuart Cobb support bold promise to deliver unprecedented child health in Arkansas.
(Little Rock, Ark.) September 23, 2019 – Arkansas Children's continues its statewide public launch of the Campaign for a Healthier Tomorrow, a bold $250 million campaign designed to support the promise of unprecedented child health. Defined and delivered.
Valero's $1 million gift and Arkansas Children's longtime supporter Stuart Cobb's $500,000 gift will both support statewide dental outreach programs at Arkansas Children's.
"These investments from leading advocates are key to advancing child health," said Fred Scarborough, chief development officer for Arkansas Children's and president of Arkansas Children's Foundation. "We are so grateful to Valero as a leading corporate citizen and to Stuart as a committed champion for children."
The Arkansas Children's Dental Outreach Program includes mobile dental clinics and the school-based Dental Sealant Program.
Arkansas Children's Mobile Dental Clinics include four state-of-the-art vans providing dental services to patients across the state through five regional hubs. The vans will serve the following regional areas: Central, Northwest, Southwest, Southeast and Northeast. Each regional location will collaborate with local dentists and employ customized solutions to the communities' needs.
These five locations will provide:
Dental Sealant Program and "teACHout" education, which provide children with preventive dental sealants and oral health education
Mobile Dental Clinic to provide preventive and restorative dental care to children at schools within 50 miles of each regional hub
Regional program coordinator to plan and implement the dental sealant and mobile dental programs to provide health education to students in school and community-based settings
Support from rural outreach coordinators to foster relationships and build partnerships in order to introduce programs to new communities
The school-based Dental Sealant Program consists of a team who provides statewide oral health and preventative care and collaborates with local dental providers to reach more than 60 schools and 8,000 students each year in Arkansas. The Dental Sealant Program includes an educational component, "teACHout," which encourages healthy oral habits such as brushing and flossing.
Since 2009, the Dental Outreach Program has provided 12,500 dental exams through mobile dental clinics, screened 31,400 children and provided fluoride applications and applied 73,000 dental sealants through the Dental Sealant Program. Throughout the last decade, supporters like Delta Dental, Ronald McDonald House Charities of Arkansas, Ronald McDonald House Charities of Arkoma and Walmart have invested in Arkansas Children's Dental Outreach Program and provided dental support services around the state.
Philanthropic Support
Valero pledged $1 million to the Campaign for a Healthier Tomorrow to expand dental outreach programs. With more than 170 Valero locations in Arkansas, Valero is committed to improving child health in Arkansas.
"Valero is proud to partner with Arkansas Children's oral health outreach programs to provide a better quality of life for children in the region," said Eric Fisher, Valero vice of president wholesale marketing & international commercial operations. "By providing access to preventative dental care and oral health education, Valero is delivering a healthier tomorrow for the children of Arkansas."
Arkansas Children's Foundation Board Member Stuart Cobb has given $500,000 to Arkansas Children's Dental Outreach program. This investment will support capital needs to provide oral healthcare across Arkansas.
"As a parent we all want the very best care available for our children," said Cobb. "The Dental Outreach program at Arkansas Children's makes a vital impact for children around the state. I cannot think of a better way to champion child health in Arkansas."
A life-long member of the Arkansas Children's Hospital (ACH) Auxiliary, Cobb served as an ACH Auxiliary president from 1990‒1991. The ACH Auxiliary is an organization serving ACH patients and families through fundraising and service projects.
Since 2015, the Campaign for a Healthier Tomorrow has secured more than $200 million in gifts towards a $250 million investment to deliver on our promise of unprecedented child health for children in Arkansas.
Arkansas Children's Foundation board chair, Charlie Whiteside and his wife Cappy are the 2019 chairs for The Campaign for a Healthier Tomorrow.
Arkansas Children's invites you to be a champion for children in our state and make a gift to support statewide initiatives. Your generous support helps deliver on the promise of a healthier tomorrow for the children of Arkansas. Join us and make your gift today at www.archildrens.org/giving or by calling 888-880-7491.
Campaign for a Healthier Tomorrow
By most national measures, Arkansas is one of the least healthy states ranking 40 out of 50 states in child health and well-being. Arkansas Children's envisions a healthier tomorrow for all 710,000 children in Arkansas—for both our patients and the children who will never walk through the doors of Arkansas Children's.
Since 2015, The Campaign for a Healthier Tomorrow has secured more than $200 million in gifts towards a $250 million goal:
In 2015, Arkansas Children's invested in two new 76-D Sikorsky Angel One Helicopters with the capabilities to reach a child anywhere in the state in 55 minutes. Since 1978, the Angel One Transport team has transported the most critically ill and injured patients to Arkansas Children's and established a statewide network of care for children in Arkansas.
Arkansas Children's Dental Outreach programs are providing care to children across the state. Four, full-service mobile dental vans serve children in need of root canals, cavity fillings, extractions and crowns. School-based programs provide oral health education, dental sealants and screenings to more than 8,000 students annually. To date, the mobile dental vans and the dental sealant program have provided $13 million in preventive oral health services for children since 2009.
Arkansas Children's Hospital has the state's only level IV NICU. In 2016, ACH announced the creation of a Nursery Alliance to support hospitals around the state to provide children the care they need close to home. Since the program's inception, the nursery alliance has established partnerships with Conway Regional in Conway, CHI St. Vincent in Hot Springs, Jefferson Regional Medical Center in Pine Bluff, Medical Center of South Arkansas in El Dorado and Ashley County Medical in Crossett.
In 2016, Arkansas Children's established The David M. Clark Center for Safe and Healthy Children, a place dedicated to the care and treatment of neglected and abused children and their families. The Center is a single, safe place for children to receive medical, psychological and social health services and provides support by providing outpatient medical evaluations for children Rice Medical Clinic, Family Treatment Program and Team for Children at Risk.
In 2017, the Arkansas Children's Hospital Southwest Little Rock Clinic opened. Staffed with bilingual physicians and nurses, the clinic provides general pediatric and preventative care to families in the region. Arkansas Children's Hospital clinics in Jonesboro and West Little Rock also provide primary care to children in the state.
In 2018 Arkansas Children's Northwest became one of the nation's newest children's hospitals. Located in Springdale, Arkansas Children's Northwest provides more than 20 subspecialty areas and a general pediatric clinic. In 2015, Arkansas Children's announced the expansion of services in Northwest Arkansas to establish a 336,000 square feet hospital, Arkansas Children's Northwest, located in Springdale. More than 14,000 gifts were made and $81 million in philanthropy supported the building of ACNW.
Arkansas Children's, Inc. is the only healthcare system in the state solely dedicated to caring for Arkansas' 710,000 children, giving the organization a unique ability to shape the landscape of pediatric care in Arkansas and transform the health of children throughout the region. The private, non-profit organization includes two pediatric hospitals, a pediatric research institute and USDA nutrition center, a philanthropic foundation, a nursery alliance, statewide clinics, and many education and outreach programs.
Arkansas Children's Hospital (ACH) is a 336-bed, Magnet-recognized facility in Little Rock operating the state's only Level I pediatric trauma center; the state's only burn center; the state's only Level IV neonatal intensive care unit; the state's only pediatric intensive care unit; the state's only pediatric surgery program with Level 1 verification from the American College of Surgeons; and the state's only nationally recognized pediatric transport program. Additionally, ACH is nationally ranked by U.S. News & World Report in five pediatric subspecialties (2019-2020): Cardiology & Heart Surgery, Nephrology, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Orthopedics and Pulmonology. Arkansas Children's Northwest (ACNW), the first and only pediatric hospital in the Northwest Arkansas region, opened in Springdale in early 2018. ACNW operates a 24-bed inpatient unit; a surgical unit with five operating rooms; outpatient clinics offering over 20 subspecialties; diagnostic services; imaging capabilities; occupational therapy services; and Northwest Arkansas' only pediatric emergency department, equipped with 30 exam rooms. Generous philanthropic and volunteer engagement has sustained Arkansas Children's since it began as an orphanage in 1912, and today ensures the system can fundamentally transform the health of children in Arkansas and beyond. To learn more, visit archildrens.org.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


During my guesting period, I had a direct feeling of coming home, sounds very corcky, but it felt right. They where helpful, had humor, weren't affraid to tell everyone what their opinion was, be who they wanted to be and therefor I could be myself. I guess you can say that these where sisters that I can be proud off and I wanted to be a part of that.
In some way, yes. I love to plot, take control and create situations and moments where we all could benefit from. Also surprise parties are my thing :p And of course I'm not new to manipulate a situation or two. I love traveling, simply want to see the world, don't have the finance to do it frequently, but when the opportunity is there I'm going.
I guess not a very interesting choise, but for me Moiraine and Siuan have been my all time favorites.
Since 1995, I was 10 years old and always wandering around in the old library here in the city, I was totally hooked from the first book and didn't let go once I started reading.
On one of my wandering adventures through the library I saw the book cover and was fascinated.
I grew to love all of the main characters, very hard to choose from. Though the first ones that come to mind are Nynaeve and Lan they have a special place.
Several! The Forsaken and The Seanchan Empress, Tuon.
Through google search :lol Was looking for book release information. So I first lurked around, searching to find information, but then I started to get to know (nice and crazy) people and was surprised to get to know some dutchies too. It all felt very comfortable and I just sticked around.
I work in a Forensic Psychiatric Facility.
LOADS! Modern dance, reading, movies, drawing and photography.
All kinds, depends on my mood, but I have a strong preference for Metal and Rock music.
Absolute freak when it comes down to movies, I go at least 4 to 10 times a month to the theater.
I love the books from Isabel Allende.
This page was last edited on 3 March 2019, at 09:51.


Do You Need Event Staff for Your Brand Event?
It is easy to plan the event that you have coming up and envision it in a certain way. Things do not always go as planned, unfortunately, and this happens often in the event business. People that are in the event planning business have to know how to handle problems as they come up. Here's a good read about brand ambassadors, check it out!
Sometimes, things may be going really well until the event staff start to misbehave. Some of the event staff might be texting or they might be arguing with one another. The entire event can really look bad when this happens and it can be really obvious for people that it is negative. To gather more awesome ideas on promotional staffing, click here to get started.
The people that work at events are definitely going to be doing the same type of things, but they will often have different titles, such as brand ambassador or promotional model. If an event is going to have success, the people working at the event definitely have to try and do the best they can. The event is going to have a specific brand that the people that are working there will need to try and connect potential customers with. It is very important to make sure that the significance of this position is taken seriously.
You definitely will not want to wait until the very end of the time you have to plan the event to talk to an event management company. You will want to make sure that the event management or event staffing agency that you are working with is going to be a positive reputation and experienced staff. It is important to make sure that this is one of the top priorities. When you plan an event to promote a brand, you need to make sure that this is definitely at the top of your to-do list.
Whatever the theme of your event is, you will want to make sure that the event staff looks like they are part of the theme and that they belong. The rest of the guests at the event should be able to assume with certainty that these individuals are working at the event and not just regular guests. They should also be dressed in uniform in order to make them look more professional.
Be sure to consider how much experience the event staff you are considering hiring has. If the event staff is also already familiar with the brand, that is even better. Past experience is always useful for event staff to have. Kindly visit this website http://www.wikihow.com/Manage-an-Event for more useful reference.
The event staff that you hire will still make mistakes sometimes. Sometimes as humans, things just happen and they are accidents.


[Book 0126, Page 0039; Name: Tinney, Prentice and Fudge, Hazel; Courthouse Marriage License Index Date: 03/01/1928; ]; HAZEL KATHLEEN GREENE TINNEY HISTORY BOOK pg 27; HAZEL KATHLEEN GREENE TINNEY HISTORY BOOK pg 28; Her first marriage was to George Fudge, , Greene County, Ohio, USA. Thompson; (is ----- than eighteen years of age ^but more than 16 years of age) and do hereby give my consent to her marriage to above named Jacob H. Rector and Mary, were living in Xenia, Greene, Ohio, as noted by the () of Xenia, Greene, Ohio. He was very religious and believed pictures are images which is forbidden in the Bible and would never permit a picture of himself. Sarah Anderson; [In 1845 John Wian and his family returned to Mifflin County, appearing for the first time on the tax list of Brown Township (which had been formed from the northern half of Union Township in 1836).The Criminal Repository Information below is a suggestion of what a criminal records check may retrieve in connection with Pennsylvania Arrest Records.Out of the works of my every day, not a reproach, but a song. They were the first ancestors of Thomas Milton Tinney, Sr. tried to work at copper mine at Bingham Canyon, Utah, but was on strike & went to work at cannery in Ogden, Utah. Sailed to Alaska area where nearly crushed in Ice Field off St. The ship traded with Eskimos along Siberian Coast, Holy Cross, Gulf of Anadyr to Dionedes in Bering Strait. Worked on two cattle ranches in Montana & Michigan. Sound where had Operators License to Cleveland Dis. George, Utah)] Pamela Jean Jump married (2) Leonard Robinson, Jr. "Mother of Bessie Wilson who was Jennie Dell Thompson, wife of Luther Andrew Green, son of Andrew & brother of Jacob Hoover Greene. As I know it, grandfather & mother were born in the Quaker part of Pa. ]; [Date: March 01, 1904; Location: Lexington, Kentucky; Paper: Morning Herald; Article Type: Historical Obituary; Title: Funeral of Mrs. Ma- ...] [Date: March 07, 1904; Location: Lexington, Kentucky; Paper: Morning Herald; Article Type: Historical Obituary; Sunday, February 28th, Mrs. Cummings (1923 - 2010), born , Marion, Grant, Indiana; died ; [Vaughn was preceded in death by his daughter, Linda Booher, Alabama; survivors include daughters, Kathy Richards Gas City, Becky (Stan) Beckley, South Carolina; grandchildren Aaron (Trisha) Johnson, Marion, Duane (Tammie) Harris, Gas City, Daniel (Jennifer) Harris, Brownsburg, Dennis (Stephanie) Beckley, South Carolina, David (Lauren) Beckley, St.I love you, because you have done more than any creed could have done to make me good, and more than any fate could have done to make me happy. to become baptized members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, [) They had posterity. Green / Greene, (1930 Census - age 1/12, born 1930, Xenia, Greene, Ohio); died , Kettering, Montgomery, Ohio; married _____ _____. Joined "Gold Rush" at Ruby & Ely, Nevada, which turned out to be a copper mine. At 74 degrees 50 minutes North caught Whale, walrus hair seal, polar bear and then back to S. (of Crittenden) - Sherwood Leslie Jump (1928 - 2001), born , Jonesville, Grant, Kentucky; (of Dry Ridge); died ; buried , Hillcrest Cemetery, Dry Ridge, Grant, Kentucky - , in Ohio); died ; [was a mortician/embalmer; helped with bodies in Vietnam; did LDS Temple ordinance work; refereed all kinds of sports; bowled until 81 years; remembers Sunday afternoon dinners and playing at Mary Elizabeth Greene's house] married (1) __ Jun 1943, Cincinnati, Hamilton, Ohio, Virginia Alice Satterfield; divorced; they had no posterity. Marine Corps, World War II.; married __ ___ ____, _____ _____, born , Xenia, Greene County, Ohio; died , Dayton, Montgomery County, Ohio; [In a children's home and pregnant; her child went to adoption before she married Charlie Rose.] married , Charles Charley Rose; died ; Charles married (2) Betty _____ [Rose, Charles, Historical Obituaries, Dayton Daily News April 13, 2003 pg. - Bob Rose - Mike Rose, born ; raised in Dayton, Montgomery, Ohio; computer consultant; works at St. Richards Memorial Home, Springfield, for former Xenian Herman C. in the foothills, probably 50' or more miles from Philadelphia. Matilda Green, 72 years of age, died here after a lingering illness and was buried . .] A few years prior to this time, the widowed Matilda Green, was living [ 1900 Census of Xenia, Greene, Ohio. Johns Island, Abby Beckley, South Carolina]; married (1) ); died , Grant County, Indiana; daughter of John William Buroker (1867 - 1945) and Susan / Susanah / Susanna Melissa (Beach) Buroker (1863 - 1945) They had posterity. Maryland--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Registers of dead. United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Registers of dead. Church records and registers --Maryland --Baltimore. Three states, Kansas, Mississippi, and Tennessee, are entirely dry by default: counties specifically must authorize the sale of alcohol in order for it to be legal and subject to state liquor control laws.Of the 67 counties in Alabama, 25 are partially dry or "moist" (these counties contain cities that have voted to allow alcohol sales), and 42 are completely wet.
Still, many of these states have no dry communities.I love you, not only for what you have made of yourself, but for what you are making of me. I love you, for putting your hand into my heaped-up heart, and passing over all the foolish, weak things that you cant help dimly seeing there, and for drawing out, into the light, --- all the beautiful belongings that no one else had looked quite far enough to find. Thomas Milton Greene and son and daughter of Dayton, Ohio. Put in at Queens Town, Ireland & towed up the river to Cork, Ireland. Chief Engineer on Tug Echo, a Fire Boat, largest & most powerful on the Sound at that time: 2000 gal/minute. - Deborah Christine Jump, born , Georgetown, Scott, Kentucky; died - Harold Dawson Jump, born , Williamstown, Grant, Kentucky; died ; married Mary _____ - Raymond Ervin Jump (1926 - 2007), born , Owenton, Owen, Kentucky; died ; ( (Images). - Julie Ann Jump (of Independence, Kentucky) - Pamela Jean Jump; married (1) Paul Mc Kean; (of Elko, Nevada) They had posterity. He is survived by two brothers, Omar of Cincinnati and Carl Greene of Dayton and two sisters, Mrs. [Tradition from correspondence: "Dear cousin Tommy - Hazel a double cousin, makes you the same as a first cousin, don't it? - , born ; (1910 Census - in Indiana); (1920 Census); (1930 Census); (1940 Census); died Nov 1995, Cumberland, Allegany, Maryland; married Alvin Willis Tomlinson (1906 - 1984), born , Madison County, Indiana; (1930 Census - age 23, born 1907, in Indiana); (1940 Census); died , Richmond, Wayne, Indiana; son of Alonzo Tomlinson and Ida Carolyn Hasty They had posterity. Tomlinson; (1930 Census - age 1, born 1929, in Indiana); (1940 Census); married _____ Cunningham - Alverna Grace Thompson [Alverna Grace (Thompson) Cummings (1887 - 1978)], born , Sweetser, Grant, Indiana; (1900 Census); died , Grant County, Indiana; married , Grant County, Indiana, William Lewis Cummings (1887 - 1967), born , Point Isabel, Grant, Indiana; died , Marion, Grant, Indiana; son of Alpheus Cummings and Ann Matilda Wilson ( Bonita Pearl (Cummings) Fite - Smith - Burnworth (1914 - 1994), born , Sweetser, Grant, Indiana; died , Marion, Grant, Indiana; married (1) _____ Fite Bonita Pearl Cummings married (2) 1930, Lewis Jackson Smith, born , Sweetser, Grant, Indiana; died , Dandridge, Jefferson, Tennessee; buried Knoxville National Cemetery They had posterity. Smith, born ; (1940 Census - in Indiana); died , Wood River, Madison, Illinois Bonita Pearl Cummings married (3) Clayton Lewis Burnworth (1914 - 1995), born , La Fontaine, Wabash, Indiana; (, born , Marion, Grant, Indiana; (1940 Census); died , Linton, Greene, Indiana; (of Indianapolis / Bloomfield) - Carolyn S.I love you, because you are helping me to make of the lumber of my life, not a tavern, but a temple. The family extends many thanks for the beautiful floral offerings and also appreciate the kindness and assistance of their neighbors and friends during the sad bereavement of their husband and father]; [Research Note: Death record differs from family records, in stating name as: Jacob Homer Greene, died , Xenia, Greene, Ohio; burial ; birth date given as , in Ohio, having no exact birth place recorded; he is correctly noted as stone mason, married, son of Andrew Green, father, born Pennsylvania; his mother, Matilda Thompson, also born Pennsylvania]; [Jacob Green, listed as an employee of the Hennessey Brothers & Evans Company, of Chicago, Contractors of the Green County Court House; , Xenia, O.; from Images of America, Greene County Ohio Time Capsule of 1901.];, were baptized at the same time and place, on 14 June 1908, in a creek at Xenia, Greene, Ohio, USA. California & there joined Whaler William Baylies Steam & Sail. Discharged at end of trip & went back to USA on a British Liner: White Star. - Kelly Martin Mc Kean, born , Riverside, Riverside, California; died , Florence, Boone, Kentucky;  - [Jesse Mc Kean; Shaun Mc Kean; Kade Mc Kean; (sons; all of St. I am not sure but I think I made a wrong statement, when I said it was Hazel and my Grandfather's brother, that had his ship that brought Tea from England, confiscated, when conflict came, but it was near ancestry, as Uncle Andy (Andrew) told Pearly." "Mother always claimed she was a Dunkard". My father, Jacob Hoover Greene, sometimes told stories of his youth using Dutch phrases, he learned as a child at home. Burnworth, born ; (1940 Census - age 7/12, born 1939, in Indiana); died ; married _____ Best; (of Port Orange, Volusia, Florida) - [Survivors include Larry Burnworth, (of Marion)] - [Survivors include Charles Burnworth (of Greenwich, Connecticut)] - [Survivors include Phyllis Burnworth; married _____ Beedy; (of Gas City) - Vaughn F.Felonies are usually crimes that are punishable by at least one year of jail time.Misdemeanors are usually less severe charges that are punishable by a fine or jail time of less than one year. Gettysburg, PA 17325-2312 Telephone: (717) 334-6781 Allegheny County Allegheny County Clerk 414 Grant St.
You have done it without a touch, without a word, without a sign. Perhaps that is what being a friend means, after all. - Marie Greene, born 1911, died as a child / Marie Still-Birth Greene married Joseph Francis Haverstick, born Xenia, Greene, Ohio; (1910 Census - age 1m, born 1910) They had posterity. F., Cal., and there joined another RR and cut cordwood in Northern Cal. married (2) 02 June 1946, Cincinnati, Hamilton, Ohio, Lessette Bertha Chapin, born ; died , born , Xenia, Greene, Ohio; (1930 Census); died , Albuquerque, Bernalillo, New Mexico; [Social Security Death Date: February 1964]; Sgt. Louis Temple; LDS High Priest; residence: 1270 Oakhalt, Herculaneum, Missouri 63048; has 4 children; (two boys, two girls) and eleven grandchildren. I have heard my father say there forebearers came from Holland almost on the German border, but on the Holland side. Her birth date is listed as __ May 1831, birthplace Pennsylvania; has a Mother relationship to the head of household, Thomas M. Significantly, her father is listed with birthplace: New York; and her mother was born: Pennsylvania. - Velma Fredis Thompson, born , Grant County, Indiana; (1920 Census); (1930 Census); married _____ Lucy - Ellen / Ellene Mae Thompson, born , Grant County, Indiana; (1920 Census); (1930 Census); died , Maitland, Orange, Florida; married , Grant County, Indiana, Charles Spencer Rupley (1910 - 1991), born ; (1940 Census - in Indiana); died , Altamonte Springs, Seminole, Florida They had posterity. Thompson; married Lavina _____; (of Foley, Alabama) - Diana E.


So it came as a shock to the bank when its insurer, Everest National Insurance Co., ultimately refused to pay out a significant portion of the bank's claimed losses of $2.4 million, offering instead only $50,000 on the grounds that the breaches were not covered by National Bank's computer and electronic crime insurance rider. In June, National Bank sued Everest for breach of contract and a larger portion of the breach costs in a lawsuit that highlights just how nebulous and unhelpful cyberinsurance policies can be, as well as how little the companies purchasing those policies typically understand about their coverage.
Cybersecurity is in the news lately, with President Obama recently proposing legislation that would set federal standards for notifying consumers about data breaches. Consumers aren't the only ones worried about a cyber attack: Small business owners, too, are concerned, says a recent report from the National Small Business Association (NSBA).
More than nine out of 10 small business owners in the study cited cybersecurity as a concern. This is not an unfounded fear: Half of them report they've already suffered a cyber attack, with 61 percent of those attacks taking place in the last 12 months.
What happened to these entrepreneurs as a result of the attack? A service interruption was the most common problem, followed by the business website going down. In addition, 19 percent had either their business credit cards or bank account hacked.
The cost of cyber attacks is also on the rise. In 2014 the average cyber attack cost a small business $20,752, a substantial increase from the average of $8,699 an attack cost businesses in 2013.


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It would be nice to hear live music again. I was reminded of this yet again the other night when my wife and I sat down in my study to "attend" a live dance concert with the Texas swing band "Asleep at the Wheel." Ray Benson, the band's tall, bearded greying front man, led the octet in a selection of some of its most recognizable numbers – "Route 66," "Boogie Back to Texas" – from a ranch resort outside Austin. The show, with virtual access costing $25, was promoted as "live," though you could feel some of the artifice of the performance. It's hard to muster the ambiance of a dance hall when, per the rules of social distancing, you are playing only to an audience of cameras, not real people. It will have to do, for now. Which is exactly the problem with all the other efforts at reclaiming lost aspects of our lives. There's no better symbolism of the forced nature of the simulacrum that passes for returning to a semblance of normalcy than the way Major League Baseball has revived itself this (half)season. Empty ballparks, many of them "populated" with cardboard cutout spectators in the front rows,...Read more
From Inside
Where do political values come from? That question is more important than ever these days, given the level of polarization and intensity with which people hold views. The extremes to which they vent might be new, but not the depth of those commitments. In my case, those values came early and were deepened through a lot of conversation, engagement and travel. My grandparents all fled Europe – on my father's side escaping the old shtetl world of rural East European Jewry that straddled what was then the Russian-German border. They left a small town in what is now easternmost Poland, a little dusty village called Orla, and arrived here in the U.S. by 1905. As a boy I sat in their stuffy, un-air conditioned Brooklyn apartment for hours and listened to their stories. My grandmother, Celia, spoke in Yiddish and was not one to relive the past much. My grandfather, Louis, was just the opposite. He talked endlessly. Years later I taped him for hours – cassette recordings I subsequently transcribed and have written up into more narrative form. Another book in waiting. I was mesmerized by his tales – of the Jewish characters in his town, of his family...Read more
Unzoom
Unzoom I miss giving talks to a roomful of people. For one thing, it had become a bit of a cottage industry, an interesting way to get out and travel, supplement my writing income and occasionally sell a few more books. I also enjoy the interaction and the opportunity to create a narrative based upon visual evidence where my own voice would ad lib the narrative. It also became my way of doing a version of stand-up comedy – a method of self-expression and creativity in which I took a subject that I happened to love and turned it into something instructive. Or at least that's how I felt when standing up there talking and showing pretty pictures. Having spent years teaching in a standard university format of classroom/lecturer got me accustomed to addressing an audience. That was based on a syllabus of assigned readings and mainly consisted of exchanging words with students. When I got into golf writing and started taking 35 mm. slide images (remember those?) of golf courses I began to find a way to express what I loved about golf architecture and to explain it to various audiences – whether members of a club, or meetings...Read more


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Advocacy in Canada, Women's Economic Justice
Remembering the victims of the Rana Plaza disaster
by Nirvana Mujtaba | April 27, 2021
Shutterstock/Bayazid Akter
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Young labourers demand fair compensation on the day of the Rana Plaza Collapse 8 years ago in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Building a safer, fairer and sustainable recovery for garment sector workers
April 24th marks the grim anniversary of one of the world's worst industrial disasters that killed at least 1,132 garment workers and injured more than 2,500 when the Rana Plaza building collapsed 8 years ago in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
In the years since, global initiatives, primarily the Bangladesh Accord on Fire and Building Safety, have achieved remarkable improvements to health and safety standards and practices in targeted Bangladesh factories. Much more needs to be done to ensure this progress stays on track and to keep improving the working conditions for the women who make our clothes. Safe factories, workers' jobs, incomes and benefits remain at risk as the global pandemic continues to wreak havoc on global markets and economies. The people at the bottom rung of the supply chain should not have to bear the brunt of the crisis.
Bangladesh is the world's second-largest clothing exporter and during the COVID‑19 crisis, hundreds of factories closed as international and Canadian brands and retailers cancelled orders and refused to pay for orders already in production. Factories fired over a million workers and many refused to pay legally earned severance pay. Workers were left with no savings from subsistence‑level salaries and no access to social protection to support them in times of trouble. The forecast remains dire for garment sector workers as global demand for apparel items remains low.
It is of immense importance to build up social protection systems in Bangladesh and other garment-producing countries. Trade unions and labour rights organizations call for strengthened unemployment protection and the respect for all workers' rights, including the right to organize. Retailers and brands must take responsibility for issues in their supply chains and contribute to a global wage assurance and severance guarantee fund to help workers survive the crisis.
Workers in Bangladesh have been courageously organizing and fighting for their rights for years but need the support of voices in purchasing countries such as Canada, in order to push Canadian brands to rebuild a just economy after the pandemic by establishing more sustainable and resilient supply chains that respect workers' rights and ensure suppliers pay workers living wages and social benefits.
LEARN MORE: The global campaign to #PayYourWorkers
Extend the Bangladesh Accord for Health and Safety
The Accord on Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh, a legally binding agreement between unions and brands and retailers created after the Rana Plaza collapse of 2013, led to real change in making death trap factories safe. Since its establishment, the Bangladesh Accord has provided safer working conditions for over 2 million garment workers by carrying out inspections and overseeing repairs and maintenance in more than 1,600 factories. The current agreement will end in late May and action is needed to safeguard progress in workplace safety.
There are great concerns about the functioning of the RMG Sustainability Council (RSC), the body that took over Bangladesh-based operations of the Bangladesh Accord. It is voluntary instead of being legally binding and workers hold less representation in its governing body. To prevent the RSC from becoming yet another industry-led voluntary initiative, the brands and retailers who signed the Accord before, including Loblaws (Joe Fresh), must make sure to lay their commitments down in writing again in a new international legally binding agreement. Now is the time for other Canadian brands, such as Lululemon Athletica, HBC, YM Group Inc, Arc'teryx and Canadian Tire, to also sign on to a new Accord. Brands and retailers must act now to protect progress and ensure an incident like Rana Plaza never happens again.
LEARN MORE: The Bangladeshi garment sector workers' working and living conditions supplying Canadian brands
Mandatory Human Rights Due Diligence
A company's responsibility flows through its entire corporate structure, including its business relationships and through its entire supply chain.
The Government of Canada must legislate companies to respect human rights in their global operations and supply chains. Such legislation should require companies to conduct due diligence on their human rights and environmental risks, take appropriate steps to prevent and mitigate such risks and hold companies accountable in the courts if they abuse human rights.
Support workers in Canadian supply chains by writing to Canadian companies Lululemon Athletica and YM Group to contribute to a Severance Guarantee Fund. Email and/or send a tweet to the CEO of Lululemon and the YM Group.
FULL DOCUMENT: Remembering the victims of the Rana Plaza disaster
Canadian Labour Congress
Canadian Union of Public Employees
Centre international de solidarité ouvrière
Inter Pares
Maquila Solidarity Network
Ontario Secondary School Teachers' Federation
Public Service Alliance of Canada
United Steelworkers
Workers United Canada Council


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Stanford in Search for the Right MOOC
BRAND LOYALTY: Stanford birthed two of the most recognizable MOOC companies to date: Coursera and Udacity. Now, as these two Mountain View startups have taken the spotlight--and generous amounts of funding--the university is feeling like it's been left in the shadows, according to The Chronicle of Higher Education. Jane Manning, Stanford Online's director of platforms, suggests that the university is looking to host classes on open-source alternatives like edX for a couple of reasons: branding (even though students take Stanford classes on Coursera, the company--and not the university--get recognition, says Manning) and giving faculty fuller control over the content. (School officials point to the tenuous relationships between faculty and academic publishers like Elsevier as a cautionary tale as "what happens when power shifts 'from content creators to content aggregators.'")


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Little Critters Nursery
Heritage Livestock
Reservation Page
Blanc de Hotot
The Blanc de Hotot is a large white rabbit with black bands around each eye. The breed was developed in Hotot-en-Auge, Normandy near the port of Le Havre in northern France. The Blanc de Hotot, meaning White of Hotot, was created by Eugenie Bernhard, chatelaine du Calvados. She kept a large rabbitry of Flemish Giants, Géant Papillon Français (Checkered Giants), and Géant Noir de Hotot and is the second woman to ever be credited with developing a new breed of rabbit.
Bernhard's breeding goal was a rabbit used for meat and fur, with a white coat and black eyes. Sometime around 1902, she crossed the Papillon with White Vienna and White Flemish Giants, but progress toward her goal was slow. She saved only the lightly marked animals that were the product of 500 crosses, and by 1912, was eventually able to produce the rabbit we have today. Bernhard continued to be troubled by the thin black eye bands.
The breed was shown for the first time in 1920 at Exposition Internationale d'Aviculture in Paris as the Geant (Giant) Blanc de Hotot. The French rabbit governing body recognized them as a breed on October 13, 1922. The first French standard doesn't mention eye bands, but, instead, black eyelashes and lower eyelids that were more or less colored gray. The Blanc de Hotot was brought to America in 1921 to 1922, but they soon died out. Switzerland imported them in 1927, and it was the Swiss that appreciated the eye markings. During World War II the Blanc de Hotot nearly vanished in France, Holland, and Germany. However, even though the breed isn't very common in Europe, its population continues to grow with approximately 111 Blanc de Hotot breeders documented in France in 2010 according to the Fédération française de Cuniculiculture.
In 1978, Bob Whitman of Texas imported 8 Blanc de Hotots from Fernand Eberli of France. The breed was recognized by the American Rabbit Breeders Association's standards on March 5, 1979. Because of the very small gene pool and a body type that greatly needed improvement at the time, breeders began to cross Blanc de Hotots with Blue-Eyed White Beverens, White New Zealands, and White Satins. It was not until 2004 that additional Blanc de Hotots were imported into this country from Germany, Holland, and England. Though recent imports from Germany to the state of Washington in 2009 and from France to Nova Scotia, Canada in 2013, the Blanc de Hotot is an endangered breed in North America.
The breed is known for its lustrous fur, an abundance of guard hairs that gives the fur a frosty white sheen, and its striking black eye bands, which shouldn't be over an eighth of an inch wide according to ARBA and not over 5mm in most European standards. Rigid selection is necessary to assure the proper markings. The Blanc de Hotot is a large rabbit with bucks weighing 8 to 10 pounds and mature does 9 to 11 pounds. They are an active, hardy breed and are easily raised in all wire cages. They are fairly good mothers, have good-size litters, and the young grow rather fast.
Though a recent import to the United States, the Blanc de Hotot is a globally endangered breed.
The Dutch rabbit, also known as Hollander or Brabander is easily identifiable by its characteristic colour pattern, and was once the most popular of all rabbit breeds. However, after dwarf rabbits were developed, the popularity of the Dutch rabbit dwindled. Nevertheless, the Dutch rabbit remains one of the top ten most popular breeds worldwide.[1]
"Although the name suggests that the Dutch rabbit is from the Netherlands, it was actually developed in England. During the 1830s rabbits were imported to England from Ostend in Belgium every week for the meat market. Amongst these rabbits was a breed known as the Petit Brabançon, as it originated from Brabant in Flanders. The Petit Brabançon may still be found in paintings from the fifteenth century. The Dutch rabbit has its genetic roots in this old breed. The Petit Brabançon would often display Dutch markings, and breeders in England selected those with even markings, fixing those markings into the breed we know today."[2]
Dutch are popular both as pets and among show breeders.
English Lop
As the first lop breed, the English Lop was developed in England in the 19th century for exhibition as an early "fancy" breed—in response to the rising animal fancy of the time. During the Victorian era, the English Lop emerged as a mainstream household pet, marking a departure for such "fancy" breeds from the earlier role of the domesticated rabbit as a source of meat, fur, and wool production.
Florida Whites
The Florida White rabbit was accepted as a breed by the ARBA in 1967. The breed originator was ARBA Judge Orville Miliken. He crossed an albino Dutch, an albino Polish and a small but "typical" New Zealand white and through progressive selection and line breeding produced a strain of compact animals.
The Florida White was developed to provide a smaller rabbit for laboratory use and provide a small meat rabbit with good production and a favorable dress-out ratio for the personal consumption home breeder of today.
They produce as much meat as a Californian or New Zealand ( because of the high meat to bone ratio) given 4 more weeks and they eat half the food needed by the other meat breeds (16 as opposed to 12). Bob Bennett recommends the for family meat production in his book Raising Rabbits from Storey Press.
They have a compact body with firm flesh, small bones, small heads and small feet, excellent feed to meat conversion and a nearly 65% meat-to-bone ratio. This means there is very little waste at processing.
The Florida White is also an excellent show animal. The Florida White Standard of Perfection, which is available from the ARBA, describes the point system used to judge the Florida White. The number one consideration in showing the Florida White is the body or type which carries 65 points, though the condition of the rabbit which would include firm flesh and fur carries 35 points.
The fur is white with good density and texture, and they have a compact, meaty body, short neck, and small head. The ideal senior weight for the breed is 5 pounds, with an acceptable range from 4-6 pounds while the junior weighs 2.25-4.5 pounds.
Florida Whites are generally docile, good-natured, gentle and relaxed rabbits.This breed is generally hardy and healthy. They have an average lifespan of 5 to 8 years
The Lionhead rabbit originated in France and Belgium; although it is not recognized by the French Federation of Cuniculture. It is reported to have been produced by breeders trying to breed a long-coated dwarf rabbit by crossing a miniature Swiss Fox and a Netherland dwarf. This resulted in a genetic mutation causing wool to appear around the head and on the flanks. This gene has come to be known as the "mane" gene. There are many other reports similar to this, for example, that the lionhead has been bred from a Netherland Dwarf and a Jersey Wooly, but none have been substantiated, since the mane gene is separate from the gene that creates wool coats in wooled rabbits. The Lionhead rabbit continued to gain popularity in Europe, and Lionheads found their way to the United States in the late 1990s.
In the United Kingdom, the BRC has recognized the Lionhead breed since 2002.
In 2013 the Lionhead was accepted as a recognized breed by ARBA in two varieties: Tortoise and Ruby-Eyed White. As of 1 February 2014, Lionheads have been eligible to compete for Best in Show and to receive legs toward Grand Champion.
The North American Lionhead Rabbit Club (NALRC) holds its annual Lionhead Exhibition Specialty show in Columbus, Ohio. Typically, the Lionhead breed is represented by approximately 300-500 entries and 50-80 exhibitors from all over the United States and Canada.
Mini Lop
Bob Herschbach discovered the Mini Lop breed at a German National Rabbit Show in Essen, Germany in 1972, where it was known as a Klein Widder. These first Mini Lops were originated from the German Big Lop and the small Chinchilla. These two breeds came originally in Agouti and white colors.
German lops were about 8 pounds (3.6 kg), slender and large with thick ears. Herschbach, a Mini Lop promoter, achieved the first procreation of Mini Lops in the United States, mainly through breeding an agouti lop pair and a white female lop in 1972. Their first baby lops were solid colors. A second generation came with broken colors. As a result of the breeding process, they began to obtain a high standard of qualities Mini Lop.
In 1974, Herschbach's Mini Lop rabbits made their debut in an American Rabbit Breeders' Association (ARBA) convention held in Ventura, California. The outcome was that the breed needed to be downsized to a more compact, attractive size. In order to achieve this, Herschbach enlisted the assistance of other breeders by letting them breed more of his Mini Lops. One final touch resulted in changing the breed name from Klein Widders to "Mini Lop" to make it more appealing to the public.
In 1977 the Mini Lop breed was under new sponsorship; Herb Dyke was the person in charge of this task.
In 1978, Herschbach and Dyke created a correspondence club for the Mini Lops. Within a year, they had over 500 members who had contacted the ARBA with support for the Mini Lop rabbit. In 1980, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin at the National Rabbit Convention, this breed marked its success when it was recognized as an official rabbit breed sanctioned by ARBA.
Shortly after, the Mini Lop Club of America was founded to promote it.
Mini Rex
Mini Rex is a breed of domestic rabbit that was created in 1984 in Florida by the late Monna Berryhill of Texas. The Rex mutation, derived in France in the 19th century, is recessive and causes the hair to protrude outwards from the body, instead of lying flat, and the guard hairs to be shortened to the length of the undercoat.
The small size, plush coat and friendly personalities of Mini Rex rabbits make them one of the most popular rabbit breeds in the United States. They were first recognized by the American Rabbit Breeders Association (ARBA) in 1988, and have been very popular with exhibitors ever since. They weigh from 3.5 to 4 pounds when fully grown. They are short and rather close coupled. The ideal length of fur is 5/8 inch, and the fur has a lustrous appearance, good body, and a plush-like effect which offers a distinct springy resistance to the touch.
The Silver rabbit is one of the most ancient domestic rabbit breeds that still exist. Its true origin will never be known, but it's likely that a rabbit with silver hairs appeared as a black sport (mutant) of the European wild rabbit hundreds of years ago.
Historians say that Silver rabbits were first found in large numbers in Siam. Sailors then brought them to Portugal where the breed spread throughout England and Europe. An early reference says that Sir Walter Raleigh (1552-1618) introduced Silver Grey rabbits to the Nappa warren at Askrigg in North Yorkshire. From there, Silver Greys spread to a number of other warrens throughout England, with the greatest stronghold being in Lincolnshire. Records also show that Sir Walter Raleigh did sail to Portugal in 1592 and brought goods back to England.
Silver Greys were well represented in England by 1631 as Gervaise Markham writes of them in A Way To Wealth – The English Hus-wife. On May 13, 1778, when a fleet of 11 ships left Portsmouth, England under the command of Captain Arthur Philip to colonize Australia, there were, among other livestock, 5 rabbits that were likely Silver Greys. It took half a century before Silver rabbits were found in abundance in both Australia and New Zealand. Silvers have been known under many names: Millers, Silver Sprigs, Lincoln Silver, Lincolnshire Silver-Grey, and Riche, meaning valuable in French. Large numbers of skins were imported into China for a particular class of mandarins and the fur was highly prized by Russian royalty.
It's not known exactly when the Silver arrived in the United States. They were in America during the Belgian Hare boom in the late 1890s. All three Silver varieties – Grey, Brown, and Fawn – were recognized into the first book of standards. A number of years later, the Grey variety was renamed Black. Although rare today on both sides of the Atlantic, only in the United Kingdom and the U.S. is the original type of Silver being bred.
Silvers are considered a small to medium-sized breed. Mature weight is 4 to 7 pounds, and they have a very tight and snappy coat. There should be an even distribution of silvering over the entire body, including the head, ears, feet, and tail. Silver is a hardy breed that is a seasonal breeder during Spring and Fall. Litter size is around 3 to 6. Silvers are active but non-aggressive rabbits and are easily kept in all wire cages. They may, however, be better suited to being bred in free-range systems – colonies or warrens – as they were kept two centuries ago.
The Silver Fox is a large, docile breed that is excellent with children. Senior bucks should weigh 9–11 pounds and senior does should weigh 10–12 pounds. The breed is named for its dense, unique fur which is to closely resembles the pelt of the silver fox. The fur of the Silver Fox rabbit is unique in that it is classified as "stand up" fur; it stands on end until stroked back into place. The Silver Fox is the only breed accepted by ARBA that has stand up fur; by ARBA standard the fur is ideally 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) in length.
The Silver Fox breed is classified as "Commercial" by ARBA. This means that the ideal shape of the Silver Fox is to provide the maximum amount of meat in the prime cuts of the carcass. Well-filled, wide, straight hindquarters; a deep profile which allows for a deep loin; body width equal to the depth of the hindquarters; and a short shoulder all are ideal components of any commercial breed, including the Silver Fox.
Currently, only black and chocolate Silver Foxes can be shown to win best of breed, but the breed comes in a variety of colors, such as blue, lilac, and white, which can be shown with permission from the show runners and with a working standard. Chocolate was recently accepted as an official variety as of the 2021 ARBA convention. As of December of 2021 they can be shown against black Silver Fox and win best of breed and best opposite sex. Blue was previously included in the breed standard, but was removed in the 1970s due to a decrease in the number of blue Silver Fox rabbits being shown. Currently, there is a "Certificate of Development" for blue Silver Foxes to be re-accepted into the ARBA. Blue silver fox can be shown in ARBA recognized shows for exhibition.
Silver Foxes are known to be friendly, enjoying attention and handling.