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Phyllis Musgrove (nee Stevenson)
May 8, 1928 - December 30, 2016
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Phyl passed away peacefully at the age of 93, not quite making it to 102 as she had hoped.
She was born on a farm near Craigmyle, Alberta, the second of four children. Although she moved away from the farm in her early 20's, it always held a special place in her heart.
Phyl was predeceased by her husband Rea. She is survived by her sister Shirley, her three daughters, Eleanor (Earl), Arlene and Melanie, five grandsons, Jesse(Liane), Adam(Steph), Ben, Jeffrey(Brett), Evan, and four great-grandchildren.
Cremation has taken place and as Phyl wished her ashes will be spread by her family at a private ceremony at her old family farm in the spring.
In lieu of flowers the family would encourage you to make a donation in her memory to your favourite charity.
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We have several locations to best serve your needs. For details on our locations please visit the Facilities Page
Pre-Planning Centre, Edmonton, AB (780)988-2929
Edmonton, AB South (Head Office) (780)450-0101
Edmonton, AB North Central Chapel (780)477-7500
Leduc, AB (780)980-3688
Fort Saskatchewan, AB (780)998-1422
Spruce Grove, AB (780)962-2749
Wetaskiwin, AB (780)352-5300
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© 2021 Serenity Family Service Society Phyllis Musgrove (nee Stevenson)


THIS March, four athletes from Co Tyrone, including talented Strabane basketball player, Siobhan McCay, will travel to Abu Dhabi to compete in the 2019 Special Olympics World Summer Games.
Siobhan will compete as part of the Team Ireland ladies basketball team.
Part of an overall 91-strong Team Ireland squad, Siobhan and her fellow athletes will represent Ireland at highest level of sporting competition for Special Olympics athletes.
She has been involved with both the Strabane and Letterkenny teams for 12 years and is looking forward to participating in the World Games. Her step-father and assistant basketball coach, Tommy McCay, will also join the team as a coach/chaperone.
Speaking to the Strabane Weekly News last year after winning gold at the All-Ireland Games in Dublin, thus confirming her selection for the World Games, Siobhan commented: "It felt absolutely surreal, it was like a dream come true and I know that sounds cliché but that's how I felt. Even playing for Ulster was a massive achievement in itself never mind scoring and winning gold.
The road to Abu Dhabi started four years ago and this week, the final preparations began in earnest with the official launch of Team Ireland for the 2019 World Games.
Taking place between March 14 to 21, Abu Dhabi 2019 will be the largest sporting and humanitarian event in the world this year. Supported by a volunteer management team of 39, Team Ireland will join 7,000 Special Olympics athletes from 170 countries at the Games.
The Co Tyrone athletes will represent Team Ireland in four sports: athletics, bocce, basketball and equestrian. Joining 27-year-old Siobhan to represent Team Ireland are Shannon Nixon (21) from Coalisland who will represent in athletics, Richard Currie (23) from Dungannon, who will compete in bocce and Lee Mitchell (21) from Omagh will be vying for a medal finish in Equestrian events.
They will be joined by fellow Team Ireland athletes from right across the island of Ireland, who will compete in a total of 12 sports: athletics, badminton, basketball, bocce, bowling, equestrian, football, golf, gymnastics, kayaking, swimming and table tennis.
Emma McMenamin is head of Delegation for Team Ireland at Abu Dhabi 2019. Commenting on the team's preparations, she said: "These athletes are extremely focused and determined and like any athlete facing into a major competition, they are putting 100 per cent into their training.
Special Olympics Ireland is first and foremost a sports organisation and charity that supports children and adults with intellectual disabilities, right across the island of Ireland. As the countdown to the World Games gets under way, the organisation is calling on the business community and individuals in Northern Ireland to help raise much-needed funds to send the athletes to Abu Dhabi. To cover the cost of sending Team Ireland to the Games, Special Olympics needs to raise just over £4,445 per athlete.
Shaun Cassidy, regional director, Special Olympics Ulster said: "It is a great honour for each and every Ulster athlete that has been selected for Team Ireland, having worked so hard over the past three years to qualify for these Games and to compete at international level and represent Team Ireland in Abu Dhabi.
To keep up to date with Team Ireland's preparations for the Special Olympics World Summer Games in Abu Dhabi, follow Special Olympics Ireland and Special Olympics Ulster on Twitter and Facebook and follow the hashtags, #TeamIreland and #PlayYourPart.


History, it's often said, always repeats itself.
In 2004, we were constantly regaled with John Winston Howard and his "Who Do You Trust" lyric. Labor can't run an economy. Beware of changing governments. Who do you trust to deliver cheap interest rates, and so the rhetoric went on. Absolutely none of it with any basis in fact or evidentary validity yet Howard kept it up for the last six months of the campaign. The unfortunate thing being that it worked for him. He managed to place the seed of doubt into the electorate's collective mind by playing boogey-man. Not that Mark Latham didn't self-destruct at the end, because he did, but the fear factor put forth by Howard did the real damage.
Here we are, three years later with coalition fortunes in the crapper and a much older PM seemingly out of rabbits. Or is he? There's a moth-eaten, mange-ridden, lop-eared bunny, which Howard appeared to have abandoned, called 'Fear'. He's suddenly decided, in what seems to be a desperate bid to frighten the electorate into not making the change which seems inevitable, that a damn good fright never hurt anyone. Especially him. Once again, the clever politician has fallen back on his tried and true tactic of threatening the Australian voters with an end to all things bright and beautiful by pulling this raggedy, under-fed, feral Oryctolagus out of the dark place it's been sequestered for the past three years, for a run around the Australian electoral top paddock.
Seriously, dear reader, it's quite possible that even though this clear cut and blatantly conspicuous cuniculus is the last throw of the political dice by a desperate man struggling to keep power at any cost, even to the detriment his own rationality, as a tactic, it just might work. The electorate has been, and I believe still is, highly susceptible to the Howardian 'BOO!' when it counts most.
Consider that in 2004, even though, as I stated, Latham self-destructed at the end, the polls were already well on the way out the door for Labor due almost entirely to the economic scare campaign waged by Howard et al in the last months leading up to November. The tactic, then as now, had no validity what so ever. No cast-iron proof to the postulation that Labor cannot manage an economy was ever produced, and frankly, will never be produced because the claim is a furphy. If anything, if one studies the Hawke-Keating years and the economic debacle left behind by Fraser, the reverse is seen to be the case. Yet whenever Howard makes this baseless claim that only a conservative government can deliver the goods ecnomically, people seem to listen.
This time around, it seems that Peter Garrett is the big boogey-man. Why? Well purely because he backs, as does Labor policy as already stated by the party, the setting of targets for carbon emissions reduction which just happen to be in line with those promoted by the C.S.I.R.O. I don't recall the Shergold Report containing any such recommendations. In fact, the Shergold Report closely follows the Howardian preferred line (surprise! surprise!) of doing nothing until the Kyoto Protocol ends and the U.S. has it's own collective climate change arse into gear. The Shergold Report contains no economic modelling of results of either action or inaction on climate change, only supposition. Admittedly, Labor's Clean Coal Policy contains no economic modelling either, but at least Labor has some validity to its policy through an alignment with scientific opinion. Howard's only alignment is with his own mind.
So, because Peter Garrett adheres to Labor policy on climate change – a policy which has some validity due to scientific backing – he and by definition, Labor, are going to wreak havoc upon Australia's economy??? Surely, dear reader, commonsense says that inaction on a set of probabilities which have scientific research as a basis has a greater potential for damage to an economy through that economy being left out of any global moves on emissions trading, both now and into the near future, than proposals for the cap-and-trade targets promoted by Labor? No modelling exists to prove either a Yeh or Nay case, so logically, one has to ask the question as to why Howard would drag out this 'can't run an economy' spectre again.
The answer is a simple one. No basis in fact means he – Howard – can't be caught out in a lie. He can scare the populace to his hearts content with his fear-laden rhetoric because electoral memories are short and gullibility is rife. The oft quoted 17% interest rates which held sway for a short time during the latter Keating years still manage to make those with 100% home loans on 7.84% quiver in their pay packets. Those same pay packets don't bother to look beyond the rhetoric to the economy which had Little Johnny Howler at it's helm in 1982, where rates of 21% held sway.
Short memories, gullibility, lies, deceit and mis-direction are all tools of the Howardian trade. Judging by the latest rants from the Prime Ministerial runt, he intends to use them all to the hilt in order to hold onto power. The polls from this point forward should make interesting viewing, don't you think, reader?


Coastline is currently accepting applications for a Full-Time, Assistant Planner. The successful candidate will report to the Area Agency on Aging Planner. The Assistant Planner will be responsible for providing support to all Title III activities for compliance.
Reconcile monthly Title III expenditures and statistical data.
Assists in conducting on site evaluations to ensure compliance with the Older Americans Act and contractual obligations.
Input and follow up on private grant funding requests and invoices.
Attends Title III meetings with Elder Affairs, Advisory Councils, COA Directors' and staff meetings, as needed.
Assists in the compilation of needs assessment studies.
Records and transcribes minutes for the Advisory Council, transportation committee, and COA Directors' meetings, as needed.
Collect & process fundraising data using development software.
Input Title III E Caregiver Program data in SAMS.
Assists with oversight and grantee compliance, and complete reports for vehicles under MassDOT.
Provides technical assistance to Title III grantees, as needed.
Assist in the preparation of grant proposals.
Assists in coordinating conferences, fairs, and legislative breakfasts.
Demonstrates proficiency in Microsoft Office.
Ability to communicate effectively within a fast paced environment.
Bachelor's Degree in Human Services, Business Administration, Public Health or related field.
Encouraging and driven to perform consistent outstanding work.
Dependable transportation & a valid Massachusetts Driver's license required.
**Medical & Dental Plan or a medical/dental opt-out benefit of $1,000 paid over a 12 month period.
11 paid holidays, plus a floating holiday and birthday holiday.
Personal Time Off (PTO)-vacation/sick/personal days (eligible upon completion of Introductory Period).
Coastline is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer.


Downloadable listing of OO scale (1/76th) Prices.
Same as the OO/HO above, but the catalogue is printed in colour.
This is not a full product catalogue it is a guide to building and painting our range of Low relief buildings (Masterbuild Series) it also contains drawings/pictures of our building accessories, and gives pictures in colour of our range of buildings.
Downloadable listing of O scale (1/43rd) Prices.
Same as the N scale Catalogue but printed in full colour.
Downloadable listing of N scale (1/148th) Prices.
Catalogue gives a listing of all the 'Old Fashioned Toy Soldiers' (similar to Britons) sets we produce, some pictures are included of the different set types. Also at the back of the catalogue is an illustrated section of spare parts/singles with arms, heads, bodies, mounted figures, guns and carriages, wheels etc to allow you to make up sets yourself.


The Nanjing Zhongshan Hotel is situated in No.200 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangshu P.C 210008, Disabled persons here can receive qualified services, This hotel is well equipped with several services provided by Business Center, Business services to facilitate your work, Conference rooms for conventions, banquets, exhibitions and private functions, structure equipped with annexed outdoor swimming pool, The services dedicated to customers include the Ticketing Service, play your set tennis in the tennis courts present in the hotel complex, The Nanjing Zhongshan Hotel offers to customers menu with international specialties in inside restaurants, The principal landmarks has these distances from Nanjing Zhongshan Hotel: 43 km from Airport, 4.5 km from Railway station , 1 km from centre, The Business Center and several services for business travelers are provided from the Nanjing Zhongshan Hotel , A lot of sport activities can be practiced in well equipped areas of Nanjing Zhongshan Hotel, structure equipped with annexed outdoor swimming pool, In the Nanjing Zhongshan Hotel vast area of hotel is equipped for health and well being services.
The Jinjiang Hotel - Nanjing is positioned in No. 259 Zhongshan North Road, Nanjing 210003, The rooms have internet connection, High-speed Internet access in some room, Business Center and work services are available for the guests, Business services to facilitate your work, Ticketing Service: apposite desktop to facilitate the stay of customers, The restaurants of Jinjiang Hotel - Nanjing permit the choice of Chinese and international menus, Wireless connection to internet line, The Jinjiang Hotel - Nanjing is distant from principal point of reference: 3 km from Railway station , 3 km from Bus station, Well equipped Business Center is available for business men in the Jinjiang Hotel - Nanjing: here it is possible also to obtain several office services, The Jinjiang Hotel - Nanjing offers a rich variety of areas with tools to make sport activities, Health treatments and well being services, are specially developped in the Jinjiang Hotel - Nanjing.
The Nanjing Vogue Motel is positioned in No.9, Yinlong road, Jiangning district, Nanjing, Business services to facilitate your work, Ticketing Service: apposite desktop to facilitate the stay of customers, The restaurants of Nanjing Vogue Motel permit the choice of Chinese and international menus, The Nanjing Vogue Motel is distant from principal point of reference: Well equipped Business Center is available for business men in the Nanjing Vogue Motel: here it is possible also to obtain several office services, The Nanjing Vogue Motel offers a rich variety of areas with tools to make sport activities, Health treatments and well being services, are specially developped in the Nanjing Vogue Motel.
The The Cumberland Boutique Hotel is positioned in No.102, Zhongshan Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjinh, Business services to facilitate your work, Ticketing Service: apposite desktop to facilitate the stay of customers, The restaurants of The Cumberland Boutique Hotel permit the choice of Chinese and international menus, The The Cumberland Boutique Hotel is distant from principal point of reference: Well equipped Business Center is available for business men in the The Cumberland Boutique Hotel: here it is possible also to obtain several office services, The The Cumberland Boutique Hotel offers a rich variety of areas with tools to make sport activities, Health treatments and well being services, are specially developped in the The Cumberland Boutique Hotel.
The Jiangsu New Century Hotel is situated in 133 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Disabled persons here can receive qualified services, This hotel is well equipped with several services provided by Business Center, Business services to facilitate your work, Conference rooms for conventions, banquets, exhibitions and private functions, You can work or feast in various size meeting room, structure equipped with annexed outdoor swimming pool, The services dedicated to customers include the Ticketing Service, play your set tennis in the tennis courts present in the hotel complex, The Jiangsu New Century Hotel offers to customers menu with international specialties in inside restaurants, The principal landmarks has these distances from Jiangsu New Century Hotel: 40 minutes from Airport, 10 minutes from Fair Venue, 1 km from Lake, The Business Center and several services for business travelers are provided from the Jiangsu New Century Hotel , A lot of sport activities can be practiced in well equipped areas of Jiangsu New Century Hotel, structure equipped with annexed outdoor swimming pool, In the Jiangsu New Century Hotel vast area of hotel is equipped for health and well being services.
The Vogue Hotel Nanjing is situated in No.42,daqiao south road,xiaguan district,city nanjing, Disabled persons here can receive qualified services, This hotel is well equipped with several services provided by Business Center, Business services to facilitate your work, Conference rooms for conventions, banquets, exhibitions and private functions, You can work or feast in various size meeting room, structure equipped with annexed outdoor swimming pool, The services dedicated to customers include the Ticketing Service, play your set tennis in the tennis courts present in the hotel complex, The Vogue Hotel Nanjing offers to customers menu with international specialties in inside restaurants, The principal landmarks has these distances from Vogue Hotel Nanjing: 40 minutes from Airport, 10 minutes from Fair Venue, 1 km from Lake, The Business Center and several services for business travelers are provided from the Vogue Hotel Nanjing , A lot of sport activities can be practiced in well equipped areas of Vogue Hotel Nanjing, structure equipped with annexed outdoor swimming pool, In the Vogue Hotel Nanjing vast area of hotel is equipped for health and well being services.
The Nanjing Baliyuansu.Vogue Hotespring Hotel is located in No.228 Houjiatang Guquan Village, Tangshan Town, Jiangning District, Nanjing, There is present a Business Center with various office services, Business services to facilitate your work, It is available a conference room for conventions with relative services, There are also small sized meeting rooms for work or private parties, excellent indoor swimming pool within the hotel structure, Tour assistance to guests also by Ticketing Service, In the Nanjing Baliyuansu.Vogue Hotespring Hotel there are several restaurants with Chinese and international dishes, The Nanjing Baliyuansu.Vogue Hotespring Hotel has these distances from principal landmarks: The Nanjing Baliyuansu.Vogue Hotespring Hotel is equipped with a functional Business Center and all work services for office activities, In the Nanjing Baliyuansu.Vogue Hotespring Hotel the guest has ideal and well equipped structure to practice many sporting activities, The Nanjing Baliyuansu.Vogue Hotespring Hotel dedicates special attentions and services to your health and your well being.
The International Conference Hotel Nanjing is situated in NO.2 Sifangcheng, Zhongshan Ling, Nanjing 210014, This hotel is well equipped with several services provided by Business Center, Business services to facilitate your work, Conference rooms for conventions, banquets, exhibitions and private functions, The services dedicated to customers include the Ticketing Service, The International Conference Hotel Nanjing offers to customers menu with international specialties in inside restaurants, The principal landmarks has these distances from International Conference Hotel Nanjing: 40 km from Airport, 4.5 km from Railway station , 4 km from centre, The Business Center and several services for business travelers are provided from the International Conference Hotel Nanjing , A lot of sport activities can be practiced in well equipped areas of International Conference Hotel Nanjing, In the International Conference Hotel Nanjing vast area of hotel is equipped for health and well being services.
The Mandarin Garden Hotel, Nanjing is located in No.9 Zhuang Yuan Jing, Confucius Temple, Nanjing 210001, Structure equipped to provide a good service for disabled person, There is present a Business Center with various office services, Business services to facilitate your work, It is available a conference room for conventions with relative services, There are also small sized meeting rooms for work or private parties, outdoor swimming pool within the hotel structure, Tour assistance to guests also by Ticketing Service, In the Mandarin Garden Hotel, Nanjing there are several restaurants with Chinese and international dishes, Annexed to hotel structure there is a good looking garden, The Mandarin Garden Hotel, Nanjing has these distances from principal landmarks: 30 minutes from Airport, 30 minutes from Railway station, 0.1 km from centre, The Mandarin Garden Hotel, Nanjing is equipped with a functional Business Center and all work services for office activities, In the Mandarin Garden Hotel, Nanjing the guest has ideal and well equipped structure to practice many sporting activities, outdoor swimming pool within the hotel structure, The Mandarin Garden Hotel, Nanjing dedicates special attentions and services to your health and your well being.
The Nanjing Egret Hotel is situated in No. 68 Da shi ba street Temple of Confucius, Nanjing 210001, This hotel is well equipped with several services provided by Business Center, Business services to facilitate your work, Conference rooms for conventions, banquets, exhibitions and private functions, The services dedicated to customers include the Ticketing Service, play your set tennis in the tennis courts present in the hotel complex, The Nanjing Egret Hotel offers to customers menu with international specialties in inside restaurants, The principal landmarks has these distances from Nanjing Egret Hotel: 48 km from Airport, 28 km from Railway station , 14 km from centre, The Business Center and several services for business travelers are provided from the Nanjing Egret Hotel , A lot of sport activities can be practiced in well equipped areas of Nanjing Egret Hotel, In the Nanjing Egret Hotel vast area of hotel is equipped for health and well being services.
The Jiangsu Phoenix Palace Hotel is located in No.47 Hunan Road, Nanjing, There is present a Business Center with various office services, Business services to facilitate your work, It is available a conference room for conventions with relative services, Tour assistance to guests also by Ticketing Service, In the Jiangsu Phoenix Palace Hotel there are several restaurants with Chinese and international dishes, The Jiangsu Phoenix Palace Hotel has these distances from principal landmarks: 30 km from Airport, 3 km from Railway station , 2 km from Lake, The Jiangsu Phoenix Palace Hotel is equipped with a functional Business Center and all work services for office activities, In the Jiangsu Phoenix Palace Hotel the guest has ideal and well equipped structure to practice many sporting activities, The Jiangsu Phoenix Palace Hotel dedicates special attentions and services to your health and your well being.
The Gaoloumen Hotel ,Nanjing is located in 62.GaoLouMen, NanJing, There is present a Business Center with various office services, Business services to facilitate your work, It is available a conference room for conventions with relative services, Tour assistance to guests also by Ticketing Service, In the Gaoloumen Hotel ,Nanjing there are several restaurants with Chinese and international dishes, The Gaoloumen Hotel ,Nanjing has these distances from principal landmarks: 30 km from Airport, 3 km from Railway station , 2 km from Lake, The Gaoloumen Hotel ,Nanjing is equipped with a functional Business Center and all work services for office activities, In the Gaoloumen Hotel ,Nanjing the guest has ideal and well equipped structure to practice many sporting activities, The Gaoloumen Hotel ,Nanjing dedicates special attentions and services to your health and your well being.
The Nanjing Jinling Conference Center International Expo Center Hotel is located in No.16 Jinshajiang West Street, Jianye District, Nanjing, There is present a Business Center with various office services, Business services to facilitate your work, It is available a conference room for conventions with relative services, Tour assistance to guests also by Ticketing Service, In the Nanjing Jinling Conference Center International Expo Center Hotel there are several restaurants with Chinese and international dishes, The Nanjing Jinling Conference Center International Expo Center Hotel has these distances from principal landmarks: 30 km from Airport, 3 km from Railway station , 2 km from Lake, The Nanjing Jinling Conference Center International Expo Center Hotel is equipped with a functional Business Center and all work services for office activities, In the Nanjing Jinling Conference Center International Expo Center Hotel the guest has ideal and well equipped structure to practice many sporting activities, The Nanjing Jinling Conference Center International Expo Center Hotel dedicates special attentions and services to your health and your well being.
The Nanjing Vogue Boutique Hotel is located in No. 9-1 Yinlong Road ,Jangning district, Nanjing, There is present a Business Center with various office services, Business services to facilitate your work, It is available a conference room for conventions with relative services, Tour assistance to guests also by Ticketing Service, In the Nanjing Vogue Boutique Hotel there are several restaurants with Chinese and international dishes, The Nanjing Vogue Boutique Hotel has these distances from principal landmarks: 30 km from Airport, 3 km from Railway station , 2 km from Lake, The Nanjing Vogue Boutique Hotel is equipped with a functional Business Center and all work services for office activities, In the Nanjing Vogue Boutique Hotel the guest has ideal and well equipped structure to practice many sporting activities, The Nanjing Vogue Boutique Hotel dedicates special attentions and services to your health and your well being.
The Jinling Star Metropole Hotel, Nanjing is located in NO.169 Longpan Road, Xuan Wu District, Nanjing 210042, There is present a Business Center with various office services, Business services to facilitate your work, It is available a conference room for conventions with relative services, Tour assistance to guests also by Ticketing Service, In the Jinling Star Metropole Hotel, Nanjing there are several restaurants with Chinese and international dishes, The Jinling Star Metropole Hotel, Nanjing has these distances from principal landmarks: 40 minutes from Airport, 1 km from Railway station , 1 km from Bus station, The Jinling Star Metropole Hotel, Nanjing is equipped with a functional Business Center and all work services for office activities, In the Jinling Star Metropole Hotel, Nanjing the guest has ideal and well equipped structure to practice many sporting activities, The Jinling Star Metropole Hotel, Nanjing dedicates special attentions and services to your health and your well being.
The Nanjing Grand Yu Lan Ting Hotel is positioned in 532—2 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, Business Center and work services are available for the guests, Business services to facilitate your work, Here you find conference room ideal for banquets or conventions, Ticketing Service: apposite desktop to facilitate the stay of customers, The restaurants of Nanjing Grand Yu Lan Ting Hotel permit the choice of Chinese and international menus, The Nanjing Grand Yu Lan Ting Hotel is distant from principal point of reference: Well equipped Business Center is available for business men in the Nanjing Grand Yu Lan Ting Hotel: here it is possible also to obtain several office services, The Nanjing Grand Yu Lan Ting Hotel offers a rich variety of areas with tools to make sport activities, Health treatments and well being services, are specially developped in the Nanjing Grand Yu Lan Ting Hotel.
The Yishiyuan Hotel is located in No.81 Zhongshan North Road, Nanjing China, High-speed Internet access in some room, Structure equipped to provide a good service for disabled person, There is present a Business Center with various office services, Business services to facilitate your work, There are also small sized meeting rooms for work or private parties, Tour assistance to guests also by Ticketing Service, in this hotel there is a tennis courts where you can have your racket matches, In the Yishiyuan Hotel there are several restaurants with Chinese and international dishes, The Yishiyuan Hotel has these distances from principal landmarks: 40 km from Airport, 5 km from Railway station , 1 km from centre, 4 km from Fair Venue, 3 km from Bus station, The Yishiyuan Hotel is equipped with a functional Business Center and all work services for office activities, In the Yishiyuan Hotel the guest has ideal and well equipped structure to practice many sporting activities, The Yishiyuan Hotel dedicates special attentions and services to your health and your well being.
The GreenTree Inn Nanjing Yudaojie Hotel is positioned in No.33 Yudaojie, Nanjing, High-speed Internet access in some room, Business Center and work services are available for the guests, Business services to facilitate your work, Ticketing Service: apposite desktop to facilitate the stay of customers, The restaurants of GreenTree Inn Nanjing Yudaojie Hotel permit the choice of Chinese and international menus, The GreenTree Inn Nanjing Yudaojie Hotel is distant from principal point of reference: 41 km from Airport, 6 km from Railway station , Well equipped Business Center is available for business men in the GreenTree Inn Nanjing Yudaojie Hotel: here it is possible also to obtain several office services, The GreenTree Inn Nanjing Yudaojie Hotel offers a rich variety of areas with tools to make sport activities, Health treatments and well being services, are specially developped in the GreenTree Inn Nanjing Yudaojie Hotel.
The Century Star INN Hotel is located in No.225 Mochou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, Internet logon in the room, High-speed Internet access in some room, There is present a Business Center with various office services, Business services to facilitate your work, Tour assistance to guests also by Ticketing Service, In the Century Star INN Hotel there are several restaurants with Chinese and international dishes, The Century Star INN Hotel has these distances from principal landmarks: 28 km from Airport, 8 km from Railway station , 1.5 km from centre, 7 from the sea, The Century Star INN Hotel is equipped with a functional Business Center and all work services for office activities, In the Century Star INN Hotel the guest has ideal and well equipped structure to practice many sporting activities, The Century Star INN Hotel dedicates special attentions and services to your health and your well being.
The GreenTree Inn Nanjing Caochangmen Hotel is positioned in 81, Stone city Caochangmen, Nanjing, The rooms have internet connection, High-speed Internet access in some room, Business Center and work services are available for the guests, Business services to facilitate your work, Ticketing Service: apposite desktop to facilitate the stay of customers, The restaurants of GreenTree Inn Nanjing Caochangmen Hotel permit the choice of Chinese and international menus, Wireless connection to internet line, The GreenTree Inn Nanjing Caochangmen Hotel is distant from principal point of reference: 3 km from Railway station , 3 km from Bus station, Well equipped Business Center is available for business men in the GreenTree Inn Nanjing Caochangmen Hotel: here it is possible also to obtain several office services, The GreenTree Inn Nanjing Caochangmen Hotel offers a rich variety of areas with tools to make sport activities, Health treatments and well being services, are specially developped in the GreenTree Inn Nanjing Caochangmen Hotel.


January's 5.73% gain in the S&P 500 was the index's best start to a year since 1990. But February has suddenly ushered in the return of volatility, which has been virtually absent from equity markets for the past year. A dramatic and sudden two-day plunge put the S&P into negative territory for the year, erasing January's gains. In this commentary, we will explore some reasons for the selloff and discuss where we think we will end up when the dust settles.
Equity markets have been on a tear since the 2016 U.S. presidential election. From November 4, 2016, to the peak of January 26, 2018, the S&P 500 returned a staggering 41.2% on a total return basis and the Dow Jones Industrial Average gained 53.3%. Perhaps even more remarkable is how markets continuously advanced without a significant pullback in this period. At that tme, the biggest drawdown in the S&P happened from March 1 through April 19, 2017, when the index fell 2.6%. Prolonged uptrends like this will often trigger fears of stock market bubbles, and many pundits have worried whether stocks ran up too far, too fast. The difference in the postelection advance and prior bubbles, however, is that the economic and earnings data has justified the valuations. GDP growth, unemployment numbers, manufacturing data and more are all indicative of a robust economy. International data is similar, which is important since so many U.S. corporations operate globally. Earnings growth has also been solid, and we haven't seen speculative overvaluations, as was the case in periods such as the dot-com bubble.
Taking the above into account, the impressive run-up in stocks seems justified. The lack of volatility is also understandable when we consider that the number one fear of investors – rising interest rates – has been held in check due to what has been described as a "Goldilocks" economy, marked by growth without inflationary pressure. So why has volatility suddenly returned with a vengeance?
The below chart shows how the S&P began to pull away from the intermediate-term trendline, shown in green, as 2017 ended. This pickup was largely triggered by anticipation of the tax reform package and its passage in late December. As 2018 commenced, it was off to the races as analysts adjusted their earnings forecasts to account for the tax windfall that would be coming to U.S. corporations. Economic data remained in "just right" territory, bolstering a surge in equity markets.
All this changed in February, when investors were served a piping-hot bowl of porridge in the form of the January jobs report. The data was good, too good in fact. Investors keyed in on wage growth, up 2.9% on an annualized basis. The fear is that as workers' wages grow, they increase consumption of goods and services. This in turn allows corporations to increase prices, spurring inflation. An uptick in inflation would presumably prompt the U.S. Federal Reserve to enact more restrictive monetary policy – i.e. raise interest rates. The 10-Year Treasury Note yield was already creeping up toward 3%, the level last seen during the 2013 "Taper Tantrum". Further complicating the situation is the changing of the guard within the Fed as Janet Yellen exits and Jerome Powell takes over as Fed Chair. Markets hate uncertainty, and while all indications are that Powell will follow a similar path to Ms. Yellen's, no one knows for certain how he will react.
So, we understand why a pullback may have been justified and necessary after such a prolongeduptrend. The next question is, why has it been so sudden and violent? The Dow fell as much as 1,600 points during its lowest point on Monday, in trading that resembled the infamous 2010 "flash crash". The plunge did not coincide with any release of data or sudden geopolitical event. The most likely cause is computer-driven selling, as automated trading algorithms are triggered at certain technical indicators. If prices fall rapidly, there can be a snowball effect as additional sell signals trigger. The pace of the selloff suggests this was the case, and as the losses mounted, buyers – both human and computer – stepped in to erase a portion of the downward move.
One strategy that was clearly affected was the short-volatility trade, which had been a winner during the year-plus market advance. Exchange-traded products that bet on lower volatility had attracted $2.4 billion in assets as of November 2017. Many of these inverse volatility products employ two or three times leverage. Some of these products were halted in advance of Tuesday's open, and may end up liquidated when this is all over. In addition, many systematic trend-following approaches use volatility as a trading trigger. The below chart shows the sudden spike in volatility, which put the squeeze on the shorts and caused many strategies to head to the exits on their equity holdings.
Where the current selloff bottoms out is up for debate, but we feel that this is not the start of a recession and that support will be found somewhere around the 100-day moving average. Investor psychology will factor in somewhat, as many retail investors have been increasing their equity allocations or taking on more risk than they should be due to "fear of missing out". Now that volatility has returned to the markets, it may cause additional panic selling from investors who have misallocated their assets in accordance to their risk tolerance. There could be additional selling that puts this selloff into official "correction" territory, defined as a 10% pullback from the high. At some point though, buyers will enter and markets should stabilize.


Does norton endpoint 11 offer the same protection as norton 2011 antivirus?
Discussion in 'Application Software' started by coolcar221, Jun 21, 2011.
Does norton endpoint 11 offer the same protection as norton 2011 antivirus, or does endpoint use an older virus engine?
To answer your question, Symantec Endpoint Protection [also known as SEP] as it currently stands, version 11 MR6 [where MR6 stands for Maintenance Release # 6] does NOT share the same platform as Norton consumer versions [NAV 2011 & the upcoming NAV 2012 or NIS 2011 and 2012].
There are some good news for you, however. Symantec is currently working on a new version of SEP [ version 12.1] which will share platform with NIS 2012. It will include SONAR, Norton Power Eraser, Insight, and other technologies currently present on NIS 2011 & 2012 only.
The are aiming to release this new SEP version this summer, in the USA and at this year's end for other countries.
Btw.. i have used both Endpoint and NIS 2011 and the difference is that Endpoint with endpoint you don't want to scan a whole pc for viruses.. it scans slow as hell.. i guess its meant to be installed on a clean computer and let it detect any viruses that may try to infect the pc. Endpoint is meant to be used in a company while NIS is for home use.
Which of one these do you think is better norton internet security 2011 or eset smart security 4?
I run microsoft essential security and advance systemcare and never had one bug get through ever and being it by microsoft for microsoft runs smooth no lag like with nortons. I also would recomend iobits Smart defrag much faster and better then stock one built into windows 7.


The balance sheet is a company's net worth statement.
You can find the total number of shares in the shareholders' equity section of a company's balance sheet, which also summarizes the assets and liabilities. The numbers of authorized, issued and outstanding common shares are listed in this section, along with the number of preferred shares. Companies with multiple classes of shares and voting rights may list them in the notes accompanying the financial statements. You can find these statements in the investor relations section of corporate websites.
The shareholders' equity section of a company's balance sheet notes its total number of shares. But because a balance sheet is a snapshot of a company's financials at a particular moment in time, and because the number of shares often makes frequent changes, you'll have to check back regularly if you want up-to-date share counts.
Locate the line titled "preferred stock" in the shareholders' equity section of the balance sheet. This line will indicate the number of authorized and issued preferred shares, along with the par and paid-in capital amounts. The par value is the stated or nominal value of each share and the paid-in capital is the amount in excess of the par value received when issuing the shares.
Locate the line titled "common stock" in the shareholders' equity section. The number of outstanding shares is always less than or equal to the number of issued and authorized shares. The number of issued shares refers to the shares a company has issued to-date out of the maximum number of shares authorized by its board.
Locate the line titled "treasury stock" in the shareholders' equity section. This account records the number and value of shares a company has repurchased with the intentions of reissuing them later. The number of treasury shares is equal to the difference between the number of issued and outstanding shares. However, if it retires the shares after repurchasing them, the company would reduce the number of issued shares. For example, if the company has issued 1 million shares, then repurchases and retires 100,000 shares, the new number of issued shares would be 900,000.
When companies repurchase shares, the number of outstanding shares decrease. Companies do this to increase their earnings per share, as the same amount of earnings is spread out over a smaller number of shares, resulting in earnings-per-share "growth."
Stock splits increase the number of issued and outstanding shares on a company's balance sheet. For example, a 2-for-1 stock split would double the number, while a 3-for-2 stock split would increase it by 50 percent. The company may have to increase the number of authorized shares after a stock split. A reverse stock split would decrease the number of issued and outstanding shares. For example, a 1-for-10 reverse stock split would reduce the number by 90 percent.
Does Stock Value Equal Equity?


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Conserve Botswana Blog
Botswana Research
Human-wildlife Conflict
Living with Lions – Using the Latest Technology to Tackle an Ancient Problem
This lioness has been sedated so that researchers can place a collar on her and keep track of her movements as part of the Pride in Our Prides lion conservation project. (© CLAWS Conservancy).
Lions in the Night
It is 4 p.m. on Sunday, 23 April 2017. Mr. Matsimela* receives a message on his cell phone with the following information: Good afternoon. Mutlawankanda and Nduraghumbo [two collared male lions] are moving back into Beetsha area. They are 4 km east of Matswii and Nxeku along the Okavango Delta channel, please kraal cattle at night and inform other people in your area. Thanks, Flo. (*Name changed).
Mr. Matsimela lives in the village called Beetsha, and his cattle graze in the surrounding area. He is also a village elder who knows everyone in the area and has been given the responsibility to pass the information on to others. Having received the text, he spreads the word through cell phone messages and word-of-mouth. He calls his herder and asks him to find the cattle and make sure they are brought in for the night. Additionally, he sets to work with his family to build fires around the cattle enclosure that will keep the lions at bay. His message reaches the people farming closest to the lions' position. This family has recently received a sturdy cattle enclosure from the Pride in Our Prides project (PiOP), who sent the initial warning message. They chase their cattle into the enclosure and close the gate securely, knowing that their cows are safe, even if the lions come right up to the enclosure.
During the night, the lions came to the well-built enclosure, but they could not enter, or scare the cattle into breaking out of the enclosure. They carried on to the village, but skirted around Mr. Matsimela's farm due to the fires he had set around his traditional cattle enclosure. Seeing the lions by the firelight, some young men came out banging tin plates and shouting. The lions took flight and left the village, heading back to the safety of the Okavango Delta.
The story above typifies the work done by CLAWS Conservancy's Pride in Our Prides project among communities living in the far northern region of Botswana. As recently as 2013, before Pride in Our Prides began, the lions' approach would have gone unnoticed until the next morning, when farmers discovered several dead cows. Their response to continued livestock losses from lions was to poison livestock carcasses, in the hope that they would kill the responsible lions. Poisoning events in 2013 killed 50-60% of the known lions in this area, and caused the deaths of many vultures and other scavenging animals. It was clear that something needed to be done to help the local people find better ways to live with lions.
Finding a Solution: Pride in Our Prides
The founder of CLAWS Conservancy, Dr. Andrew Stein, immediately recognised the importance of this lion population, as it lies in a key part of the KAZA Trans-Frontier Conservation Area that includes parts of Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Angola and Zambia (see map). Although KAZA encompasses several protected areas in the member countries, subsistence farmers occupy the land between these wildlife areas, where they grow crops and raise livestock. If lions cannot move through farming zones between protected areas, then this lion conservation stronghold may become fragmented and isolated, which is the first step towards losing this population altogether.
The KAZA Trans-frontier Conservation Area (in green) covers parts of five southern African countries, including Botswana. The project area is at the heart of this landscape, where communities live on the edge of the Okavango Delta World Heritage Site. (Map created by: Dr. Florian Weise).
Dr. Stein partnered with Dr. Florian Weise, who currently heads the PiOP project with assistance from the local community liaison Mr. Mathata Tomeletso. Both researchers have years of experience working with livestock farmers to address the conflict between them and large carnivores, particularly cheetahs and leopards. One of the key lessons they learned was that information and transparency are critical requirements for successfully changing farmer attitudes and hence their reactions to large carnivores. They found that the judicious use of satellite collars and consequent information on animal movements could be a game changer for large carnivore conservation. Farmer hostility turned into genuine interest in individual carnivore movements. Suspicion about the motives of carnivore conservationists turned into working relationships that brought farmers into the conservation world, rather than alienating them.
The PiOP project operates on the same principles of information sharing and transparency, and their strategy has once again yielded positive results. To add to the community buy-in to the project, the local villagers are asked to give their own names to individual lions that are collared. The act of naming a lion gives the community a sense of ownership and personal connection, in that they now see the lions as individual animals with different characteristics, rather than branding all lions as a problem. One lioness was named "Maleherehere" which means "the Sneaky One" – for good reason. This particular lioness has had close encounters with hostile people in her life (shown by old gunshot wounds in her shoulder), and has learned to sneak away quickly after killing and eating cattle. Even the researchers have confirmed her 'sneakiness' as they battled for several days to dart her for collaring!
The two male lions in the lion alert at the beginning of this article were also named by the community. Nduraghumbo or "Head of the Homestead" is an old male, previously part of a coalition that was killed by villagers before the project started. Mutlawankanda "One who forages for food" associated with a pride consisting of two females. One of the men from the village said, "I like Mutlawankanda, he has two wives like me", thus revealing his new connection with lions.
Currently, six lions from five prides living on the edge of wildlife management areas and near communal livestock grazing lands have been collared. The lions in these prides are the most likely to cause livestock losses, and the collared individuals are those that are identified as pride leaders or are known to have caused livestock losses in the past. The collars are programmed to send Dr. Weise a text message whenever they cross one of two virtual lines (or 'fences') that correspond with: 1) the areas where livestock graze, and 2) within a few kilometres of five focal villages. He translates the detailed information (exact GPS location, direction of travel) into an understandable warning message that can be used by the community to proactively protect their livestock. The effort put into the community programme has paid off – since the PiOP project began in 2014 no lions have been poisoned, and during 2016 not a single known lion was killed using any means.
This graphic is used to explain to communities how the lion alert system works. This system ensures that livestock farmers can proactively protect their livestock from lion predation. (Graphic by: Dr. Florian Weise).
The Future: Introducing New Technology and Strengthening Old Traditions
In future, the CLAWS Conservancy team aims to make the project self-sustaining by employing the current community liaison officer as the project leader. A key part of this strategy is to fine-tune the lion alert system and automate it, thus reducing the need for an expert to translate and transmit the information. To this end, they have partnered with Professor Volker Wulf and his team from the University of Siegen in Germany.
Prof. Wulf has developed the field called Socio-Informatics, which aims to make highly technical information conveniently available to local communities in a form that they can understand and use. For the PiOP project, they will engage with the community to find out: what types of cell phones are predominately used; the local level of literacy; which languages and/or images are widely understood; the kind of information from the lion collars that will be most useful. They will use this knowledge to create a user-friendly cell phone application that will provide the right information to the right people, at the right time.
Although the lion alert system is an innovative solution to the ancient problem of human-lion conflict, the CLAWS team does not view it as a silver bullet that will fix the problem by itself. Rather, lion alerts are part of a much broader, holistic plan to change the way livestock are managed and encourage sustainable farming that is adapted to local conditions. As part of this strategy, they are building strong cattle enclosures that can withstand lion attacks, to replace the current traditional enclosures that cannot deter lions. They have built 17 enclosures to date and closely monitor their use by farmers; no losses have been recorded from within these enclosures over the past two years.
The livestock enclosure on the left was built by the Pride in Our Prides project, and is predator-proof. The traditional enclosure on the right is designed to keep livestock inside, but cannot prevent predator attacks. (© CLAWS Conservancy).
Another major challenge is to encourage people to employ full-time herders that protect their livestock during the day and bring them in at night. At the moment, most farmers allow their cattle to wander unprotected during the day, and battle to find them to bring them in at night. Consequently, the CLAWS team plans to partner with several other conservation groups who can assist with farmer education and herder training in future.
Herders are a critical part of pro-active livestock protection and grazing management. (© CLAWS Conservancy).
The innovative, highly practical methods used by CLAWS in this project are to be lauded as an example for other human-wildlife conflict practitioners to follow. Perhaps even more remarkably, they are using rigorous scientific methods to monitor and test the relative success of all aspects of the PiOP project. This strategy shows their commitment to not only reducing human-lion conflict at a local scale, but to use the knowledge gained to inform conflict mitigation measures worldwide. Furthermore, the technology used for the lion alert system has great potential for other conservation-related uses, such as anti-poaching.
This pioneering work in northern Botswana is breaking new ground for global conservation efforts. If you would like to find out more about CLAWS Conservancy and how you can get involved, check out their website. We will keep you up to date on the PiOP project's progress in future articles of Conserve Botswana.
Posted by Conserve Botswana Editor at 08:00
Labels: Carnivores, Human-wildlife Conflict
Conserve Botswana Editor
Conserve Botswana magazine aims to forge a mutually beneficial relationship between conservation biologists and the wildlife-based tourism industry by informing and engaging with an international audience of wildlife enthusiasts who visit Botswana. This blog will cover latest news and hot topics in conservation, written by conservation scientists working in Botswana.
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Living with Lions – Using the Latest Technology to...
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Karta Purukh est dans le sikhisme un des noms donnés au Créateur, à Dieu. Page 908 du Guru Granth Sahib, le livre saint des sikhs, il est écrit:

ਬ੍ਰਹਮਾ  ਬਿਸਨੁ  ਮਹੇਸ  ਇਕ  ਮੂਰਤਿ  ਆਪੇ  ਕਰਤਾ  ਕਾਰੀ  ॥੧੨॥

soit:

« Brahma, Vishnu et Shiva sont des formes du Dieu unique. Il est lui-même l'Auteur des actes, créateur et acteur. »

Références

Théologie sikhe

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Main school follows on seamlessly from Pre School. Our small classes, each with their own fully qualified teacher and teaching assistant, ensure that your child is able to work at their own pace; challenges are increased when appropriate and any difficulties are addressed quickly. Through a creative and innovative curriculum the children in Reception to Year 2 are taken on learning journeys, each one filled with a variety of opportunities to investigate, question, discover and enjoy. Inspiring topics capture the children's imagination as they adventure through Storms and Shipwrecks, explore Pole to Pole and travel back in time looking Upstairs and Downstairs.
Children joining Reception attend full-time from the beginning of the Autumn Term. During the year, your child will continue to build upon the basic skills already established in Pre School. At this stage, particular emphasis is placed on developing independence – each child is expected to take increasing responsibility for their own belongings, demonstrate care for themselves and for others and begin to understand that there are consequences to actions. The class teacher and full time pre-school nurse carefully plan exciting termly topics linked to sessions in literacy, numeracy and knowledge of the world to enhance the children's learning.
The timetable in Reception also includes visits to the IT suite, library and Hall for gymnastics. Specialist teachers provide weekly sessions in French, swimming, games and music.
With foundations securely in place, the children in Year 1 are now ready to become more independent in their learning. Whilst still following a creative curriculum, subjects are more formally timetabled. Topic titles are used to teach key skills in contexts which are familiar and interesting to the children. On their travels to "the pond and beyond" the children will explore the plant life and creatures living in the environment. Back in the classroom, they will develop their literacy skills by writing a report about what they have found, whilst in science they will investigate and analyse the samples taken from the pond.
Confidence and independence continues to be promoted and expectations remain high as the children head towards Year 2.
In Year 2 the children are guided and encouraged to further develop their academic and personal qualities. As role models to the younger children, additional responsibilities and challenges are introduced. By assisting with various roles around the school, the children are able to demonstrate a clear understanding of the school values.
At some point during this school year, there is an expectation that all our children will attend a two night residential trip, focussing on team building and leadership skills. This trip is key in highlighting the children's hidden talents and interests which may not be easily identified within the classroom environment.
Creativity and imagination continues to be developed through many concerts, plays and performances to the school and the wider community.
By the end of Year 2 the children are well prepared both academically and socially for the excitement and challenges of their move to their next school.


I've lately been working on a few projects which -- sadly -- are just a reinvention of the wheel. A large reason for this is that the code quality of a number of Open Source projects I could have used are very low, or the project libraries are massive in size and harmful to game download size, or are simply too inefficient for my needs.
One of the recurring themes I've seen lately that truly concerns me is a push to make "small" libraries, where the size is measured in lines of code. This desire to write compact code is entirely antithetical to writing good code or even truly small code.
I've been working at replacing my use of SDL_image for texture loading in OpenGL applications, for a few different reasons. Primarily, loading a single PNG with SDL_image on Windows requires distributing three extra DLLs (SDL_image.dll, libpng.dll, and zlib.dll), and the SDL_image API combined with OpenGL texture format requirements requires making a minimum of three copies of the image data in addition to whatever copies libpng and zlib are making in their internal buffers. Plus, the way SDL_image works is slower still by demand-loading (and then unloading) the image format DLLs for every image loaded. I had the choice of writing a new API around the incredibly obtuse libpng API, writing my own PNG loader, or using one of the several existing small Open Source PNG loaders. I decided to start with the latter option, and what I found has led to today's article.
Below are a few chunks of code from LodePNG that stand out as pretty hard to read, just to condense the line count. Indentation and whitespace is kept intact.
Each of these is certainly condensed, but they're not particularly easy to read. Especially when they're scrunched up against the rest of the overly compact code.
The silly thing really is that the size of the code is mostly irrelevant. If a developer is concerned with making his code easy to integrate into an existing codebase, the size of the code in file count can certainly matter. It's a lot easier to drop in a single .c/.cpp file and a single header than it is to drop in 20, especially when Makefile rules or project configuration has to be modified to get the source files to find their respective headers, or if the developer wishes to rename files to fit the project's guidelines.
However, if you've only got a single file, then whether that file is condensed to 500 lines or cleanly written in 5000 lines is not going to affect anything at all other than legibility. It will not affect compilation times, it will not affect the size of the compiled binary, and it will not negatively affect downstream developers' opinions of the file (unless the developer has some kind of code-related megalophobia, I suppose).
I recall around a year ago, when I first wrote libtelnet, that another developer working on a similar library specifically for MUDs derided libtelnet and extolled his own creation based almost solely on line count. His code was, of course, far more compact: it skipped braces that weren't strictly necessary, was light on whitespace, was even lighter on comments, and didn't support as many of the TELNET RFC's. Still, for some reason, an illogical desire to write short code took hold of him and as a result he wrote lower quality code for compactness' sake.
This doesn't help anybody, but it certainly hurts. Look again at the first example from LodePNG above. Let's add in some liberal use of whitespace.
That's a bit better, but it's still not perfect. It is now easier to identify the error handling portions of the code and identify what they're doing. The first thing that stands out to me, though, are the magic-number error codes. The LodePNG author had a good idea in that line of code that triggers an error gets its own error code, to better help the downstream developers identify the exact reason a particular PNG failed to load. Unfortunately, the magic numbers aren't supper helpful in many cases. Some of them are identical to other numbers in the code, making a quick grep a little harder than it should be. The numbers are not immediately useful to the user in any way, so without looking up the numbers in the codebase, it's impossible to generate meaningful error messages. The numbers are possibly duplicated, since there is no mechanism to guarantee that each line gets its own errors.
There are a couple different approaches that could be taken to resolve this problem. One is simply an approach to make the generation of the numbers easier and less error-prone: use the LINE built-in macro to generate error numbers. This guarantees that every error is unique, and makes it very easy for the developer to find the error in the source code. However, it's still not helpful to downstream users, and it would make error numbers change whenever the LodePNG source was modified.
The second approach is to generate a list of error codes in the header and to always return one of those codes. This lets developers easily generate error messages for users (this table could even be distributed as part of LodePNG) and it makes the source easier to read. The downside is that there either need to be a large number of error codes, or portions of the source need to reuse error codes which makes finding the exact cause of an error much harder.
The error routines in the code itself are now more meaningful. Instead of seeing some magic number being set, I can clearly see that the last error handling block is dealing with an out-of-memory situation. The client developers get a more useful error messages, and the line number is kept around so that they can use it to look up the exact routine that failed when a particular PNG fails to load.
The next problem with the code is the condensed for-loop. It certainly works, and does its job just fine, but those sorts of for loops always look out of place. They look like they're missing something. The empty statement in the for-loop's body looks like a bug. It's better when the semicolon is on its own line (otherwise its very easy to mistake the following line of code as being part of the for-loop's body), but it's still in poor form. In particular, it's rare to have the loop control be the actual body or intent of a loop. Let's replace it with an identical while loop that makes its intent clearer.
Notice that I also added braces, even though the while-loop's body has only a single statement. This makes the loop's body very explicit and clear. It's not particularly important whether or not the braces are on the same line as the loop keyword, or on the line below; nor whether or not braces are indented in any particular way. Everyone has their pet coding style. What's important is the clarity of intent with the code. No longer is it a mysterious loop that seemingly does nothing. It is now very easily identified as a loop that's searching for the NUL byte in the data array to find the length of the valid data. Much better.
There's another small change I would make, which is not something everyone will agree with, but which I have found increases legibility. Most developers I've worked with have converted to using the same style in this case. That would be to replace the !key in the final if-statement with a more explicit comparison. My general rule is that only boolean expressions should be used in boolean contexts. All flow control statements are expecting boolean expressions, and the ! operator also operates on a boolean expressions. The fact that C treats any integer or pointer with a value of zero as false and any other value as true certainly exists, but for legibility's sake it is not a good idea to actually use that feature. When testing an integer, it's best to always compare it to zero, and if testing a pointer, it's best to always compare it to NULL (or 0 if you prefer, so long as you're consistent).
Now we're getting somewhere. The final problem with the code is the lack of comments. Why must chunkLength be greater than or equal to five? Why must the length be less than chunkLength minus two? Why do we allocate an extra byte for key? I'm sure it was abundantly obvious to the developer of LodePNG when he wrote it. It might also be obvious If you've already thoroughly read and familiarized yourself with the code. If you're a developer investigating a bug in a piece of code you haven't worked with before, though, it's going to require you to read the entirety of the code to figure out what all these data structures are, what their valid values are, what algorithm each function is implementing, and then piecing together why those algorithms are being used. We could make developers do that, or we could just comment the code liberally and not waste a lot of their time.
There's a second very important reason to comment your own code. When I started analyzing the code to write comments for this article, I immediately found out that I couldn't determine the reason why that first if-statement checks that the chunkLength is at least five. The loop following it will function fine even if chunkLength is zero. The specification for this PNG chunk (iTXt) certainly requires more than five bytes worth of data at a minimum. When I read the spec, I see that for the shortest possible iTXt chunk (which would be devoid of any useful data at all) is actually six bytes, not five. This indicates that I probably found a bug. A bug which the author would have been more likely to find himself if he commented his code with the exact reason that he was checking the length against five. The counting bug is repeated in the second length check, where the key should be followed by at least four bytes instead of only two. The bug is fixed and comments are added below.
There we have it. My version of the code is 33 lines long, compared to the original five. There's little doubt that my version is not only more legible, but also better documented. Plus, thanks to the bug fixes, my version is also more robust. Furthermore, excluding the expanded error setting code from the macro (which adds an additional field to the decoder struct and an additional assignment in the error paths), is actually going to compile just as fast and result in identical binary output. If you're interested in seeing it be exactly identical, replace the SET_ERROR macro with the old-style error assignments (albeit preferably with meaningful macros or an enum for the error codes).
Nothing actually important is sacrificed when making code readable. Even exploding the line count by a factor of six, as in this single example, has no harmful effects in any way, but has demonstrably beneficial effects, such as making it possible for a developer to identify and fix bugs in code he's has no prior experience with.
As a further nail in the coffin, I'd like to point out that I've found a lot of functions in the LodePNG code which are wasteful in terms of space, intent, and compiled codesize. There are a few instances of one-liner functions that are used only once, or even public API functions that are not used at all internally and have no viable use outside of the internal code. The code was rather organically written (the C version is a conversion of an original C++ version), and while effort was put into compacting code on a line-by-line basis there was little effort put into cleaning up and simplifying the code on a larger scale. The irony is that even as legibility is sacrificed for having a smaller line count, the poor code cleanliness kept the line count inflated a fair bit beyond what a concerted effort to compact the code could produce.
Don't fall into the trap of writing compact code. It can be and usually is very harmful to code legibility. On the other hand, code making liberal use of whitespace and comments is easier to understand, easier to debug, easier to analyze for security holes, and is more friendly and helpful to other developers. Do yourself and every other developer a favor and say "No" to compact code.


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What's on Netflix > Netflix News > Is The Original 'Jumanji' Starring Robin Williams on Netflix?
Is The Original 'Jumanji' Starring Robin Williams on Netflix?
by Alex Hirlam @AlexanderHirlam on December 14, 2017, 12:04 pm EST
Before we get our movie-going hands on the new film 'Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle' we thought it would be a good idea to take a look if the original 1995 film simply called just Jumanji starring Robin Williams is available to stream on Netflix anywhere in the world.
The American fantasy adventure was originally an adaptation of the 1981 children's book of the same name written by Chris Van Allsburg. Joe Johnston took on the directing of the film and centres around a mysterious board game, that's discovered by a young boy, Alan Parrish in 1969. After starting to play the seemingly innocent game, Alan is quite literally sucked into the world of Jumanji, and has to survive in the jungle until another player rolls a certain number.
Over the years, this adventure story has become a family classic, with many fans coming back to it over and over again. Of course, it's impossible not to mention that the lead role was played by the fantastic late Robin Williams.
The new 2017 "re-imagining" of Jumanji, titled Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle releases in cinemas on the 20th of December and stars Dwayne Johnson, Kevin Hart, Jack Black and Karen Gillan. Instead of featuring a board game, this film focuses on four teenagers being literally dragged into an old video game and tasked with surviving. Even before it's release this new film has been under criticism from fans of the original who think it can't stand up to the 1995 classic.
Now, to the important bit. Is Jumanji available to stream on Netflix?
Well, the original film has been coming and going from many Netflix regions in the past. For example, Jumanji was added to Canadian Netflix back in December of last year but was not available for long as it was removed in early 2017.
Jumanji was also removed from US Netflix on the 1st March 2016, we suspect this is because of the rights of the film changed hands just before production started on the new film Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle due out shortly.
Although, Australian fans of Chris Van Allsburg might be pleased to know that the "spiritual sequel" to Jumanji, Zathura is available to stream on Netflix in the region.
Countries that do host the 1995 film include The United Kingdom, Mexico, Brazil and most Nordic Regions.
Would you like to see Jumanji come back to more Netflix Regions? Will you be going to see the new film?
Next story What the Fox/Disney Deal Means for Netflix
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As some French seaside resorts ban the burkini for being 'incompatible' with French values, it turns out more and more women are buying the swimwear.
It may come as a surprise but almost half of all burkini buyers are non-Muslim. Aheda Zanetti, one of the biggest sellers of burkinis, says 40 per cent of her clients are non-Muslims. The burkini is a full-body garment worn by some Muslim women when swimming.
The Lebanese-born designer, who created the website Ahiida, has been selling several different lines of burkinis in their thousands all over the world for the past eight years. "The burkini swimsuit was never a type of swimsuit to symbolise a Muslim woman. I took away the traditional veil which did symbolise a Muslim woman, and replaced it with a hood type of top to blend in and integrate within Australian culture and lifestyle," Zanetti told indy100.
"It was also meant to be worn by all women no matter what race, religion, shape, colour and for whatever reason. Women have the choice to choose what they want to wear or not and I don't think anyone should take this away from them," she added.
Although French Prime Minister Manuel Valls has called the piece of clothing "enslave[ing] women," the move to ban it has met with widespread criticism. Human Rights Watch (HRW) also condemned the ban as sexist, hypocritical and discriminatory.


In 1838, Frankston was the site of a battle between the Kickapoo Indians and the forces of General Thomas J. Rusk. In 1902, the Texas and New Orleans Railroad built a line through the area and platted the town of Ayers around the Frankport Railroad Depot. The majority of the businesses and residents from the nearby town of Kickapoo moved to Frankston to be closer to the railroad. Kickapoo was located on an old Kickapoo Indian battleground site, 2 miles southwest of Frankston. When the post office was established, it was named Ayers. In 1902, the town and post office were renamed Frankston after Miss Frankie Miller, who donated land for the town square which was developed into a city park by 1908. A gazebo was built on the square in 1920. During its early days, the town's economy was based on the lumber industry. By the mid-1920s, cotton was the main industry. Peaches and tomatoes were important crops well into the 1950s. Frankston incorporated in 1980. Today, tourism from Lake Palestine, the Frankston oil field, ranching, and a large number of local businesses contribute to the town's economic base. Frankston is located four miles west of the Neches River and the south shore of Lake Palestine at the intersections of U.S. 175, FM 155 and SH 155, 102 miles southeast of Dallas, 68 miles southeast of Kaufman, 34.4 miles southeast of Malakoff and the Cedar Creek Reservoir, 23.4 miles southeast of Athens, 25 miles southwest of Tyler, 25.6 miles southwest of Whitehouse and Lake Tyler, approximately 30 miles northwest of the Striker Reservoir, 41 miles northwest of Alto, 30 miles northwest of Rusk, 16 miles northwest of Jacksonville and Lake Jacksonville, 44.8 miles north of Grapeland, the Davy Crockett National Forest and Mission Tejas State Park, 58 miles northeast of Fairfield and Fairfield Lake State Park, approximately 45 miles northeast of the Richard Chambers Reservoir, 22 miles northeast of Palestine, and 62 miles east of Corsicana, Texas.
The land for the town square was donated by Miss Frankie Miller for whom the town is named. By 1908, the square had been developed into a park, and many of the town's businesses were located around the square. The gazebo was built around 1920. The town square is located at South Elm Street (SH 155) and Main Street.
The museum features artifacts and exhibits depicting the history of Frankston and the area. The museum is located in the historic Anderson County sub-courthouse building adjacent to the library. (903) 876-5310.
The library is located in the historic 1906 Frankston Depot, south of the town square. It provides traditional library programs, public access computers with internet connections, and free Wi-Fi. The library serves residents of Frankston, Anderson County free of charge. Henderson County residents pay a small annual fee. Open Tue & Sat, 9am-5pm; Thu, 10am-7pm. (903) 876-4463. 159 West Railroad Avenue P.
The store features a collection of antiques, furnishings, primitives, stained glass, ironwork, imports, architectural salvage, perennials, garden statuary, arbors, gazebos, and outdoor furniture and the "coolest junque". (903) 876-5056. 302 North SH 155.
This two day celebration begins with the homecoming football game, the crowning of the homecoming sweetheart, recognition of former students at the game, and a reception following the game. Saturday activities include a parade followed by the Square Fair with live music, arts and crafts, games, and food booths in downtown City Park and town square at South Elm Street (SH 155) and Main Street. (903) 876-5310.
Activities include a county store, an auction, and great food. Proceeds benefit church projects. This event is hosted by the United Methodist Church. (903) 876-2054. 110 S. Weldon Street.
Activities include bands playing Christmas music, choirs, refreshments, the lighting of the community Christmas tree, and a visit by Santa. This event is held in downtown City Park and town square at South Elm Street (SH 155) and Main Street. (903) 876-5310.


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Wrongful Use, Posession, Distribution, Etc. Of a Controlled Substance
Home » Courts-Martial » Uniform Code Of Military Justice: Military Crimes » Wrongful Use, Posession, Distribution, Etc. Of a Controlled Substance
Article 112a, UCMJ. WRONGFUL USE, POSESSION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. OF A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE
(a) Any person subject to this chapter who wrongfully uses, possesses, manufactures, distributes, imports into the customs territory of the United States, exports from the United States, or introduces into an installation, vessel, vehicle, or aircraft used by or under the control of the armed forces a substance described in subsection (b) shall be punished as a court-martial may direct.
(b) The substances referred to in subsection (a) are the following:
(1) Opium, heroin, cocaine, amphetamine, lysergic acid diethylamide, methamphetamine, phencyclidine, barbituric acid, and marijuana and any compound or derivative of any such substance.
(2) Any substance not specified in clause (1) that is listed on a schedule of controlled substances prescribed by the President for the purposes of this article.
(3) Any other substance not specified in clause (1) or contained on a list prescribed by the President under clause (2) that is listed in schedules I through V of section 202 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812).
(1) Wrongful possession of controlled substance.
(a) That the accused possessed a certain amount of a controlled substance; and
(b) That the possession by the accused w a s wrongful.
(2) Wrongful use of controlled substance.
(a )That the accused used a controlled substance; and
(b) That the use by the accused was wrongful.
(3) Wrongful distribution of controlled substance.
(a )That the accused distributed a certain amount of a controlled substance; and
(b) That the distribution by the accused was wrongful.
(4) Wrongful introduction of a controlled substance.
(a) That the accused introduced onto a vessel, aircraft, vehicle, or installation used by the armed forces or under the control of the armed forces a certain amount of a controlled substance; and
(b) That the introduction was wrongful.
(5) Wrongful manufacture of a controlled substance.
(a )That the accused manufactured a certain amount of a controlled substance; and
(b) That the manufacture was wrongful.
(6) Wrongful possession, manufacture, or introduction of a controlled substance with intent to distribute.
(a ) That the the accused (possessed)(manufactured)(introduced) a certain amount of a controlled substance;
(b) That the (possession) (manufacture) (introduction) was wrongful; and
(c) That the (possession) (manufacture) (introduction) was with the intent to distribute.
(7) Wrongful importation or exportation of a controlled substance.
(a) That the accused (imported into the customs territory of) (exported from) the United States a certain amount of a controlled substance; and
(b) That the (importation)(exportation) was wrongful.
For more information on this offense including the maximum punishment, potential defenses, and a discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of the prosecution's case, consult with an experienced military lawyer.
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Share this Story: City urges province to open up recreation infrastructure funding stream
City urges province to open up recreation infrastructure funding stream
City council is urging the province to open up an application funding stream that could net the Sault money for a new twin-pad arena.
Elaine Della-Mattia
Jeffrey Ougler/Sault Star The 51-year-old W.J. McMeeken Centre is plagued by a spate of issues that require repairs.
City council is urging the provincial government to open the Community Cultural and Recreation infrastructure funding stream so that municipalities can apply and upgrade its crumbling buildings.
The motion, moved by Ward 5 Coun. Corey Gardi and Ward 3 Coun. Matthew Shoemaker, is in response to the federal government's visit from Parliamentary Secretary Marco Mendicino, assistant to federal minister of infrastructure Francois-Philippe Champagne.
City urges province to open up recreation infrastructure funding stream Back to video
Mendicino said the federal government has $407 million set aside for infrastructure projects, but the money remains in the bank until the provincial government opens up its application process.
"It's important we urge our provincial counterparts to open up the application process so we can get our priority to them and approved and then to cabinet," he said.
That priority project is a new twin-pad arena to replace the crumbling McMeeken Centre.
Council also wants a copy of the resolution forwarded to Premier Doug Ford, the minister of Infrastructure and Sault Ste. Marie MPP Ross Romano.
Gardi said he hopes that Romano, now the minister of Training, Colleges and Universities, can influence the process at the cabinet table.
Gardi said the twin-pad ice rink at Northern Community Centre is the city's top recreational infrastructure priority and opening the application stream needs to be the first step by the province.
"Ontario has its fair share … but the money is not being used because the streams are not being opened," Mendicino told Mayor Christian Provenzano and a contingent of city representatives on a recent tour at the aging McMeeken Centre. Gardi and Shoemaker participated in the tour.
Shoemaker said the "untapped" money is important to communities, including Sault Ste. Marie, and the twin pad has been identified as a priority for the city.
The funding is part of the Investing in Canada Infrastructure Program, for which the federal and Ontario governments signed a bilateral agreement.
The ICIP has more than $10 billion earmarked for projects in Ontario and has been divided into various funding streams, including public transit, green infrastructure, community cultural and recreation and rural and Northern communities infrastructure.
Under the process, a community declares a particular project as a priority and provides that declaration to the province. The province is charged with reviewing the applications and, if agreeable, recommends the project for funding to the federal government, which completes its checks and balances before approving or denying funding.
Earlier this year, city council established a steering committee to examine options to replace the 51-year-old McMeeken Arena.
The plan is to build twin-pad ice surfaces onto the Northern Community Centre, as originally designed, in order to create a true recreational community centre in the city's west end. The centre would incorporate the indoor soccer facility, west-end library, senior's space and the twin ice pads into one facility.
The city has set a maximum price tag of $25 million.
It's funding the initial $1.1 million for architectural and engineering design internally in the short term and hopes to access federal and provincial funding to make the project a reality.
An independent consultant has concluded that the city needs the additional ice pad to accommodate users and that the need will be in existence for decades.


What do you do when you can't resist buying the giant jug of mango-peach salsa at Costco? Make soup, of course! Homemade salsa with summer fruits, tropical fruit salsa -- any fruit-and-tomato based salsa will work. Bread and garlic do the thickening, just as in a classic gazpacho. Including the time it took to poach the shrimp, this soup came together in less than 10 minutes. And in the middle of New England winter, when local fruit is nonexistent, the taste is pure summer delight.
Without the shrimp, it's vegetarian/vegan friendly. Serves 2; can be doubled, tripled or more.
In a blender (or in a large bowl, with an immersion blender), puree the salsa with 1/2 cup of water until smooth. Add the bread and garlic, and blend until smooth. Taste, then add 1 teaspoon of balsamic or red wine vinegar, or more as needed, to balance the sweetness of the salsa. Season with fresh black pepper. Pour soup into a serving bowl.
In a small sauce pan, place the frozen shrimp and 2 inches of water. Set on medium-high heat. When the shrimp turn pick and are just curled (this should take 2 minutes or so, not much more), remove from heat, drain and rinse under cold water to stop the cooking. Peel the shrimp and add to the soup.
Peel and dice the avocado, and sprinkle over the soup just before serving.
While I couldn't imagine 'drinking' salsa at first, I realize it's just the base and the water and bread tone it down. I certainly love all the ingredients individually. Why not as a gazpacho? Very creative, Lydia.
The colors are brilliant. What a work of art! You are like Andy Warhol, without the can!
Joan, up here in Rhode Island, at this time of year we don't have either tomatoes or stone fruits that are local. I've used salsa in soup before, but never as the base. It's incredibly delicious!
TW, I'm a fan of Warhol's work, so this is a great compliment.
Ted, yes it is. Wish I had more of them.
Kalyn, truly delicious, and very low-fat too.
This caught my eye, mostly because of the shrimp & avocado (mmm, love shrimp & avocado), but also because of the mango. For the first time, I made Mango-Lime Jam today and was pleasantly surprised by its citrusy-tropical flavor. Then I find this recipe, and I'm thinking, "What a neat use of mango-peach salsa!" I particularly like that you can use other fruit/tomato salsa combinations as well---the sky is the limit!
Nice blog. Enjoyed browsing. Just a comment, maybe it landed here by mistake, but you got a soup with shrimp in the veggie/vegan category.


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BungeServices
Home About Products and Services Locations Careers News Contacts
EGT to build two facilities in Montana
December 17, 2010 - Portland, Oregon - EGT, LLC, a joint venture between Bunge North America, ITOCHU and STX Pan Ocean, announced it is building two high capacity shuttle train loaders in Montana. The facilities to be built in Chester and Kintyre Flats will ensure that EGT can efficiently ship wheat from a key growing region to the company's export grain terminal currently under construction in Longview, Washington.
"Montana consistently supplies high quality wheat, particularly hard red winter, northern spring and dark northern spring wheat to export markets that are important to EGT," said Larry Clarke, president and CEO, EGT, LLC. "These state-of-the-art facilities will be built on the BNSF mainline, ensuring efficient movement along the value chain from our farmer customers in Montana to vessels and finally to the end consumer."€
Each high-speed shuttle loader is capable of loading 110-car unit train in under ten hours. The facilities are also designed to provide farmers with fast weighing, grading and dumping, offering best-in-class cycle times. In addition, the facilities will be able to store about 800,000 bushels apiece.
Construction is expected to be complete by fall of 2011. Once operational, the facilities will each employ four to six people.
The EGT export facility in Longview is also expected to be operational in fall 2011. As the first export terminal to be built in the United States in more than two decades, the EGT facility will have an annual capacity of eight million metric tons. It will help meet the growing demand for grain, oilseeds, meals and DDGs in export markets. Wheat is expected to make up about a quarter of the grain shipped through the EGT facility.
About EGT, LLC
EGT, LLC is a joint venture between Bunge North America, ITOCHU and STX Pan Ocean. The company will build and operate a state-of-the-art export grain terminal at the Port of Longview, Washington as well as facilities designed to supply the export terminal. EGT's partners are all leaders in the international grain trade and include Bunge, which buys, sells, stores and transports grains and oilseeds to serve customers worldwide; ITOCHU, which is the second largest marketer of grain and food products in Japan; and STX Pan Ocean. Which is one of the world's leading shipping companies of agricultural products.
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Paola Magni
Senior Lecturer in Forensic Science, Murdoch University
I am a forensic biologist with a key focus on the application of natural sciences (entomology, taphonomy and aquatic biology) to crime scene investigation. I have several years of experience as a researcher and lecturer/instructor in forensic science. Furthermore, I am a practitioner recognised by the Italian Courts and the international Scientific Community. Since I moved to Australia I have been also involved in forensic cases in Western Australia and research in WA and Tasmania, beside collaborating in several research overseas.
I have been invited as an expert forensic witness in Court for investigations on cases of homicide, suspicious death, animal cruelty/wildlife, food forensic and stored products security both for the public prosecutor and defence in the Court of Law.
My research and case work have been presented at major forensic international meetings. I'm the author of numerous papers in international scientific journals and chapters in forensic books and I am the senior editor of a forensic entomology book (2008).
I'm the developer of "SmartInsects – Forensic Entomology" (2013), the smartphone App designed to facilitate the work of law enforcement agencies and pathologists at crime scenes. This App had more than 10.000 downloads worldwide and it has been recognized as one of the "Fantastic 4 apps created by scientists" at Western Australian Universities.
As a scientist and forensic expert I have also been involved extensively with TV media. I participated in several Italian and Australian TV and Radio talk shows about science and investigation. To note, I have played an intrinsic role in a TV production as a forensic character and a screenplay consultant for the Italian version of the TV series "C.S.I. Crime Scene Investigation" ("R.I.S. Delitti Imperfetti"). I continue to write stories for this production, provide scientific competence and I instruct actors how to work/act in the laboratory and at the crime scene in a realistic way. Furthermore, I participate as a speaker to TEDx Sydney (2017) and TEDxFremantle (2018).
@doc_magni
P.Magni@murdoch.edu.au


The charcuterie tea towel is a great addition to any charcuterie lover's kitchen. The towel is decorated with illustrations of sausages, salami, cured ham and more. Each is labelled with the French name – so you can brush up on your French ready for your next trip.


Tired of boring old pale cheese? We are, too! Now you can try the newest product from Shelburne Farms: Orange Cheddar!
An April Fool's joke? Only partly.
We just made this very special raw milk cheddar in time for April 1st. In spite of its Day-Glo appearance, this is the same farmhouse cheddar you know and love. It just has one tiny amendment: annatto. This seed, harvested from the achiote tree (native to the American tropics), is rich in carotenoids, which lend a yellow-orange hue to cheese and other foods (like yellow rice).
Coloring cheeses orange actually has a long history.
In 16th century England, around the time of the advent of modern Cheddar, the best makers in the country produced cheese with a natural deep yellow hue. The yellow was evidence that their animals were on pasture eating grass rich in beta-carotene (the same pigment that gives carrots their color). Cows are unable to process the carotenoids, and it gives their milk a more yellow-orange tint. If you've ever had a container of unhomogenized, pastured milk, you'll see this pigment concentrate in the cream that rises to the top.
Here's where things got interesting – and more than a little shady. Cheesemakers looking to get two products from the same milking would skim cream from their vat to make butter, and then make cheese with the remaining skim milk. But they'd add coloring to the cheese so that it would still appear to be of the highest quality. Saffron (which was abundant and inexpensive at the time) was an early cheese colorant in the British Isles. It yielded an orange cheese that looked like an exaggerated version of cheese made from summer pasture. Later, annatto was adopted, which is still used in classic English Farmhouse cheeses like Double Gloucester, Red Leicester, Cheshire, and Shropshire Blue.
In 17th century France, King Louis XIV used annatto to create one of the world's most famous cheeses, Mimolette. It was specifically made to poke fun at the Dutch. At the time, Holland's Edam (a semi-soft waxed rind cheese) was the world's most popular cheese. This frustrated the French Sun King, who was warring with the Dutch and fiercely defended France's cultural and gastronomic superiority. To slight the ruling Dutch House of Orange, Louis ripped off the Edam recipe and colored his version of it orange to differentiate it from the original.
Voila! Mimolette! This dense, nutty cheese from Lille (in northern France) is rumored to have been used as ammo when French warships ran out of cannonballs!
Because of this history, many celebrated Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) cheeses mandate the use of annatto today.
But annatto (and other dubious, non-natural colorants) are also used today by commodity cheesemakers around the world to hide the origin of the milk and to appeal to a market that prioritizes aesthetics and durability over quality.
We will continue to make our cheese as we always have, with no colorants or additives, but will have this one-of-a-kind batch for sale next April Fool's Day to pay homage to the English Farmhouse tradition and to better understand our cheese in the context of the larger industry.