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10.08.19 / Resources Radio
Catalyzing Markets toward Sustainability, with Kyung-Ah Park
Kyung-Ah Park, Kristin Hayes, and Elizabeth Wason
This week, host Kristin Hayes talks with Kyung-Ah Park, who leads environmental markets and innovation in the newly formed sustainable finance group at Goldman Sachs; she also serves on the board of RFF. Previously, Park headed the Environmental Markets Group at Goldman Sachs.
As the episode title suggests, their conversation focuses on the potential to catalyze markets toward further investments in environmentally beneficial products and services. Hayes and Park talk about the definition of environmental markets and why markets matter in driving change at the scales needed.
An edited transcript of this episode also was published in issue 202 of Resources magazine.
The Uninhabitable Earth by David Wallace-Wells
The Full Transcript
Kristin Hayes: Hello, and welcome to Resources Radio, a weekly podcast from Resources for the Future. I'm your host, Kristin Hayes. This week, I talk with Kyung-Ah Park, who leads environmental markets and innovation in the newly formed Sustainable Finance Group at Goldman Sachs. We're very lucky to also have Kyung-Ah serving on the board of RFF. As the episode title suggests, our conversation focuses on the potential to catalyze markets towards further investments in environmentally beneficial products and services. We'll talk about the definition of environmental markets, and why they matter in driving change at the scales needed. Stay with us.
Kyung-Ah, thank you so much for joining us on Resources Radio. It's really nice to talk to you.
Kyung-Ah Park: Well, I'm happy to be here and thank you for inviting me.
Kristin Hayes: So Kyung-Ah, you used to be the head of environmental markets at Goldman Sachs. You're now leading environmental markets and innovation in the newly formed Sustainable Finance Group at Goldman Sachs. I wonder if I could kick off this podcast by asking you to define some terms for us, particularly the terms environmental markets and potentially as related to sustainable finance. I realize those probably have a lot of nuances and mean different things to different people, but how do you define those in your work at Goldman Sachs?
Kyung-Ah Park: Sure. So let me start with more of the conventional definition of environmental markets, which, as the nomenclature suggests, is about harnessing the power of the markets. Where in sort of simplified terms, the economic value is attributed to products and services and capital flows based on the value, really to enable better conservation and stewardship of ecosystems and environment. For example, you can put a value in the services that forests provide, whether it's carbon sequestration or biodiversity, that really creates incentives to conserve the forests, rather than cutting them down.
For Goldman Sachs, traditionally, our environmental markets have really been about harnessing the breadth of our core competencies as a global financial institution. Certainly on the capital dimensions of financing and investments, but also advisory, risk management, our asset management business, to really help address critical environmental issues including on climate change, and of course in a way that enables us to better serve our clients and generate a long-term value for our investors.
For example, we have a goal to mobilize $150 billion in financing investment to scale clean energy around the world, which is an important goal, in that when you think about climate change, energy is the largest contributor towards greenhouse gas emissions. It's also capital intensive, and bringing it down in terms of the cost curve has been a very important part of the scale-up, when you're managing or addressing climate change.
In terms of sustainable finance, the recent evolution, which is an incredibly exciting one, is in addition to climate change and environment, the business thesis more broader in sustainability has become incredibly compelling, including on inclusive growth. And we've been doing a lot on that front as well, whether it's in underserved markets with our Urban Investment Group, or investing in women-led businesses—and investment managers with Launch With GS, and also through our asset management business, where we now have $35 billion of assets under supervision, that are specifically dedicated to ESG—environmental, social, and governance—and impact strategies.
So the idea behind the formation of the Sustainable Finance Group is really to bring together these key pillars and the breadth of our capabilities as a firm and turbocharge our ability to serve our clients and capture growth, and really drive innovation.
Kristin Hayes: Can I just ask one more definitional question as we get started here? So you've mentioned a term that is new to me actually, something that I hadn't heard, but I imagine is continuing to grow in importance, and that's this concept of inclusive growth. So the inclusivity here refers to, sort of historically underserved populations?
Kyung-Ah Park: Inclusive growth is broader, in that it's everything from certainly underserved markets. It's also about inclusion on gender and diversity issues. But it's also things like, how do we help access to healthcare, access to financial services, as well as access to education? And so it's a very broad part of what we can do, in terms of both capturing the growth, the secular growth, that we are actually seeing, helping our clients, who are also increasingly focused on these initiatives and agenda, and then making sure that we play a meaningful part in terms of addressing our key societal issues.
Kristin Hayes: Okay. Well before I dive into a few more specifics related to environmental markets, I wanted to ask: How did you personally start working in this area? How did this become a focus of your career in financial markets?
Kyung-Ah Park: Sure. So I started working environmental markets now more than a decade ago. And before that, I'd been more of a traditional investment banker within Goldman Sachs. I very much loved my job with clients and transactions. But frankly, when I had my first child—and now I'm blessed with two children—I wanted to make the time away from home more impactful, given, at least for me personally, the opportunity cost of taking that time away for work went up. Fortunately Goldman Sachs had established our environmental policy framework in late 2005, and set up a new team to help implement the roadmap from that framework. And I got the opportunity to join the team. And it's been an incredibly rewarding journey in many ways. And perhaps, just to give you a personal tidbit, perhaps it was always meant to be, given I happened to be born on Arbor Day in South Korea, a day when the government really mobilized the public to help plan trees and reforest the country after many decades of degradation. So there you go.
Kristin Hayes: All right, it was destiny then. Well great. So let's talk a little bit more about the topic at hand. And you mentioned earlier the power of the markets to address climate change and other environmental and sustainable challenges. So can you say a little bit more about why, in your view, it's so critical to sort of harness that power to address some of these challenges?
Kyung-Ah Park: Yes. And let me step back and give you a sense for some of the numbers out there, in terms of what needs to be mobilized in the capital fund to address some of the key challenges.
So on climate change, an often quoted number is $1 trillion per year just on the clean energy transition that is needed to meet some of our key climate objectives. And then, when you think about the UN Sustainable Development Goals, which entails 17 key goals to really drive sustainable development globally, the number that is often quoted is several times bigger than this, so somewhere around the domain of $5 to $7 trillion per year. Now that number feels very daunting, and the public sector can't meet this alone, particularly given some of the budgetary constraints, but also the political inertia that we have, and the polarized environment that some of the countries live in.
So when you step back and think about what needs to happen, the good news is that there is actually significant capital out there, and more of it is getting harnessed for sustainability. If you kind of think about the public capital market in particular, which is incredibly deep and liquid, some of the numbers out there show that there's north of $150 trillion of capital outstanding, and there are a lot more financial tools that are unlocking greater capital flow from that market for green sustainable investments.
You also have institutional investors. These are some of the sovereign wealth funds, the public pension funds, that hold somewhere around $100 trillion dollars of assets and increasingly take into consideration environmental and social factors as well. And then, importantly, companies; these are strategic capital investments, companies who are investing in clean energy and other sustainability solutions, both as a way to de-risk, but more and more so to capture growth and innovation. So that's a reason why we definitely need to, obviously, harness the power of the markets and very much the private sector.
Kristin Hayes: But I do recognize that, or I've certainly heard that getting that private capital to flow into solutions, you just illuminated a number of ways in which companies, sovereign wealth funds, can and do, do that. And yet, it does seem like it's been a challenge to really get private capital to flow at the level needed as well. So what are some of the innovative mechanisms, the innovative finance mechanisms, that you know of, that are helping to ease that flow of private capital for some of these solutions? Are there any examples you can share with us?
Kyung-Ah Park: Yeah, the exciting thing is, in the past decade that I've been doing this work there's an incredible amount of innovation that is happening, broadly defined, but certainly on the financial and capital market domain. And let me give you a couple of examples of this. And let me start with what's called fixed income, which tends to be more the debt side of the ledger. And there's been a lot of focus and momentum around what is called green bonds. And these are very much no different than conventional bonds and very kind of simple, plain-vanilla instruments, where the risk and the return profile from the same issuer is exactly the same, whether it's green or conventional. The only real main difference being that you have a dedicated use of proceeds towards environmentally beneficial purposes and having reporting and transparency around the actual allocation of those proceeds and the impact it's having.
So this market initially started in sort of 2007, 2008, with multilateral development banks, namely the World Bank and the European Investment Bank, but it really came into the market in earnest in sort of 2013 and 14, when a set of principles were developed by a number of banks, which also included Goldman. And what's been exciting to see is that today, that market is, last year, almost $200 billion. This year, I think we're on the trajection momentum to well exceed this, and it now has a diversity of issuers, certainly multilateral development banks, but also companies, municipalities, sovereigns and across many different geographies. And then instruments have gone from not only green bonds, but social bonds, where it's about again, inclusive growth and social purposes. And then sustainability bonds, which combines both the green and the social.
So there's a lot going on in that market. And just going one layer deeper, in addition to kind of the plain vanilla corporate level or issuer level use of proceeds bonds, we've been also seeing things like securitization, project-level bonds, and performance linkages. And securitization as an example, just to explain it a little bit further, it's really aggregating smaller investments and projects into larger bonds that are non-recourse to the issuer, and then gets placed into the capital markets. And we happened to do the first solo-securitization in the world in 2013 in Japan. And one of the benefits has been that it's provided renewable developers with an alternative funding that tends to be longer-term and away from traditional bank markets to a diversified form of funding. So a good example of how you can open up greater capital flows.
Kristin Hayes: Okay. I wanted to ask one follow up question about, you mentioned that there's a more robust system of, for lack of a better term, sort of monitoring and verification for the use of the proceeds. So who actually does that monitoring and verification? Who's checking to make sure that the use of proceeds is in fact meeting the goals laid out in these green or social or sustainability bonds?
Kyung-Ah Park: Yeah sure. So the issue obviously is ultimately accountability, and given some of the reputational considerations around if you don't deliver, then obviously your reputational sustainability isn't great. First and foremost, the issuer owns and take the responsibility for this. But the market has evolved where you are seeing more independent opinions, and now the vast majority of green social sustainability bonds have these opinions associated with them, both at the front end when you actually do the green bonds and launch into the market. And then on the back end, once the actual allocations happens (at a minimum, typically every year), the issuers report through an impact reporting or the traditional sustainability reporting—including a green or a social sustainability section on the bonds allocation. And then some will also get that verified and assured by auditors or other verifiers as well.
Kristin Hayes: Okay. So it sounds like there's a very robust system for ensuring that those proceeds are used as anticipated.
Kyung-Ah Park: Yeah, I mean I wouldn't say very robust. It is robust for sure, certainly relative to where we were in the earlier stages of the market, but we also have to keep in mind that $200 billion sounds like a large number, but compared to the full breadth of the fixed-income market, it's a small drop in the bucket. And so we're still at the very early stages of that market development and we need to do more.
Kristin Hayes: So along those lines, in terms of thinking about where markets have failed, particularly in this area of environment, climate change, what would you say to folks who are asking: don't we actually need to do a lot more at a much quicker pace than markets have been able to achieve so far?
Kyung-Ah Park: Look, I think that's a fair observation or comment. And certainly when we published our environmental policy framework in 2005, one of the key things that we did up front is to recognize the urgency and the scale of the climate change challenge, and the need for us to collectively do more and for us to also, as a global financial institution, to step up, and hence why we established a very critical roadmap on that front.
But to step back, when you think about what markets are about and how markets and capital flows, the basics of finance 101 is that markets are highly efficient, and therefore capital flows to where there's the most optimized return for the risk that underlies it. And when you think about the climate equation, that optimal risk-return has to be in favor of low-carbon investments as well as more broadly in environment things like conservation and other environmental beneficial solutions. And at the crux of this, when you think about, again, the value and putting an economic value to it, you need pricing signals that reflect the true costs or the risk inherent in that system and what you're trying to actually mobilize capital for. And also importantly, taking that into account in a way that values it today, not way into the future, given that there is a lot of discounting when you think about the financial values of future cash flow and economic generation.
Now, specific to the climate change issue, emitting greenhouse gases is still very much free in many economies around the world. And even where there is pricing, you pay very little for it. And in some markets, they are still subsidies on fossil-based energy, so you actually have the reverse signal. And even on, just coming back to the environmental markets topic more broadly, forests and other environmental resources have a sort of classic tragedy of the commons, where individuals' economic incentive to exploit and consume tends to outweigh the broader benefit of protection and conservation. Of course, Amazon forest fires is a prime example of it that is getting a lot of attention today.
Kristin Hayes: Sure, and I wanted to ask a little bit more. You mentioned that getting prices right is important. Certainly there have been moments in time when, at the federal level, and I think currently at the state level, the US has considered ways to put a price on carbon. How do you see the role of policy, in sort of complementing market mechanisms, in perhaps giving some of these signals that markets might not necessarily adopt for themselves? Can you speak to that a little bit?
Kyung-Ah Park: So policy absolutely has to play a more meaningful role and work in concert to help address these issues and provide the right market signal. And again, there's been a lot of focus, I would say increasing focus, even here in the US, around the question of putting a price on the externality of carbon. But also, again, just stepping back and pulling this conversation back to the broad environmental market as well. Putting value on other aspects of environment, whether it's things like ecosystem services of what nature provides, right, and there's a lot of other focus and efforts around this as well. And RFF has done some terrific work both on the carbon pricing question as well as more broadly around some of the values ascribed to ecosystem services.
Now having said that, one of the things that I think is important to recognize is putting a price on carbon is not a panacea. In some cases the pricing signals are muted. As we said earlier, there are many places that do have carbon pricing, but they tend to be much lower and therefore are muted. But I'll say even if you could increase that significantly, there are areas where there are market barriers or behavioral barriers. And energy efficiency is usually used as a very good example of this, where for a number of reasons, carbon pricing alone is not going to get a lot of energy efficiency going and therefore many governments have put standards and mandates into place.
I think the other area where I feel very passionate about, and this is in part driven by my focus on innovation, is when we think about the climate challenge and again the urgency, the magnitude, renewable energy has to be a very key component of it as well as energy efficiency and transport solutions, but we need a lot more, right? And so, this is where increasing investments in R&D [research and development], in aspects like carbon capture and storage, where the private sector is less well-equipped to singularly address this, it has to come into play where governments traditionally, particularly in the US, have played a meaningful role; for example, through efforts like the Department of Energy ARPA-E-type programs, and where government can really play a critical role.
Kristin Hayes: So I do always enjoy talking about innovation, because it feels like a particularly optimistic part of the conversation around climate change and sort of thinking about that optimism, maybe a good note, a good question to close on is, I wanted to ask what are some other ways to harness markets and sort of accelerate momentum, to get some of these technologies into the marketplace, and just to address these environmental challenges?
Kyung-Ah Park: Yeah. There's a whole range of examples, but in the interest of time, let me highlight just a couple. And one of the most important parts of the market and private sector leadership is, as I said earlier, companies and what they're doing around their own business model and how they're allocating capital, and the innovation that they're bringing. So, we're seeing a number of corporates—an increasing number of them, actually—setting up venture capital arms or actually partnering with venture capital firms in actually investing in disruptive technology, and combining this with a deep operating venture market access to be able to help bring those startup technologies quickly into the market and help scale the companies. And in particular, in clean tech and renewables and even in clean transportation, we are seeing a large number of examples of those that are being quite successful.
We're also seeing more kind of partnerships between what was traditionally viewed as competitors. And so it's really about cooperating and people call it the "coopetition" model, right, where competitors in industry are coming together to really join forces to invest in innovative technologies and really be able to drive again scale and market access. And in the oil and gas industry, there are a number of them, but the oil and gas climate initiative is a particular one that is also very much focused on carbon capture and sequestration.
And I also think about innovation from the dimension of other business models, where companies are now looking at ways to strategically reposition their business, whether it's for risk purposes and de-risk their business from areas that can get increasingly constrained, but also as an opportunity to capture growth in innovation. And again, as an example in the oil and gas sector, which has been really interesting, they are now going into renewable energy, electric charging stations, energy storage, and in some cases even retail utilities. So the whole electrification, which is traditionally the domain of traditional utilities who've also been at the forefront in some of these business model changes. And so it's an incredibly exciting time for innovation.
And then just one last thing I'd mention is there is a significant role for nongovernmental organizations to play, in terms of catalyzing more innovation and pooling and bringing together greater action. Now RE100 is a great example of this, where they brought many, many companies together to 100-percent-renewable energy. I think there is now close to 200 companies and that's galvanizing a significant amount of renewable energy globally. And companies who are at the forefront of this are not just talking about their own operation, but now also working with the entire supply chain. And so this is an incredibly important part of the innovation equation, and one that is really driving a significant amount of growth in the renewable energy scale-up.
Kristin Hayes: Well that is a relatively optimistic note to end on. And so that's great. Thank you for sharing those insights with us. So Kyung-Ah, thank you so much for coming on the podcast and talking with us about this topic. I know it's a complicated one. I think the world of finance continues to evolve rapidly and sort of the layperson is constantly learning how to keep up with the various changes, but it's great to hear from one of the experts about how things are evolving on the environmental market side.
And I guess I just wanted to close out our podcast with our regular closing feature, Top of the Stack, and ask you to recommend more good content, either on this topic or on sort of another related topic of energy, environment, natural resource issues that's on the top of your stack. Something that you'd recommend to our listeners.
Kyung-Ah Park: Yeah, so first and foremost, RFF does terrific work, and between this podcast and the various publications that RFF does, it certainly is on top of my stack.
Kristin Hayes: Oh, well thanks. That's lovely.
Kyung-Ah Park: And it's been a real pleasure to be on the podcast. But just one book over the summer that I've been reading, which, even for me, who's been spending a fair amount of time around environment and climate change, it's been an eye-opener, is David Wallace-Wells's book, The Uninhabitable Earth. I'm sure many saw his piece in the magazine, which got a lot of attention, and on the heels of it, he published the book, and it so happens that we had him actually as one of the guest speakers for our own program which is called Talks at GS, where we bring in thought leaders on very topical issues.
And he makes an incredibly compelling and honest assessment on climate change. And not to bring everybody on a downer, but how much worse it is than we all anticipate. And what I found in particular illuminating for me is how interlinked and pervasive the consequences are or will be—whether it's climate conflicts and the war due to drought and food shortages, immigration issues, which is of course already top of mind for many, and the displacement. And then even things like heat related deaths and lack of labor productivity, in addition to significant economic impacts.
And I'm sure many have heard this before, but I think it's worth underscoring that our generation, within the last few decades, really brought the Earth to this catastrophe. And we do have the next decade, where we can actually take responsibility and step up and take greater action and potentially be able to change the course of where we're headed, which is geared towards more the four degree world than the well below two degree world that IPCC and the scientists have come out and made the case for.
Kristin Hayes: Well, and I think again, the magnitude of the challenge, the urgency of the challenge is yet another reminder of the value of harnessing every single tool that we have at our disposal to act accordingly. So, Kyung-Ah, thank you again for joining us and I look forward to seeing you in about a months time at an upcoming RFF meeting. And it's been great talking with you.
Kyung-Ah Park: Yeah. Thank you for having me. It's really been a pleasure.
Kristin Hayes: You've been listening to Resources Radio. Thanks for tuning in. If you have a minute, we'd really appreciate you leaving us a rating or a comment on your podcast platform of choice. Also, feel free to send us your suggestions for future episodes. Resources Radio is a podcast from Resources for the Future. RFF is an independent nonprofit research institution in Washington, D.C. Our mission is to improve environmental, energy and natural resource decisions through impartial economic research and policy engagement. Learn more about us at rff.org.
The views expressed on this podcast are solely those of the participants. They do not necessarily represent the views of Resources for the Future, which does not take institutional positions on public policies. Resources Radio is produced by Elizabeth Wason, with music by Daniel Raimi. Join us next week for another episode.
Kyung-Ah Park
Member, RFF Board of Directors; Head of Environmental Markets and Innovation, Goldman Sachs Sustainable Finance Group
Kristin Hayes
Senior Director for Research and Policy Engagement
Elizabeth Wason
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June 5th, 2012 was a day millions of people across the nation had been waiting for. Wisconsin residents, in particular, had been counting down to this special election in hopes of recalling their governor, Scott Walker. Gatherings happened all over the state throughout the day. Smiles were easy to come by and a positive energy flooded the capitol grounds in Madison where hundreds gathered to sing. The day's arrival meant a brief opportunity for relaxation. This afternoon was the first, in a long time, that there would be rejoicing in place of knocking on doors, passing out literature and setting social media afire in an effort to inform and encourage voters.
The tension grew as the day progressed. As reports came in that Walker and his challenger, Milwaukee Mayor, Tom Barrett, were neck and neck in the exit polls, supporters of each candidate knew they would simply have to wait for the results.
This sign board In Madison was one of many plastered the evening of June 4th, the day before the election.
People gather outside the capitol in Madison for the Solidarity Sing-Along.
This was the 383rd sing-along since Gov. Scott Walker stripped unions of their bargaining rights.
A recall supporter waves a custom anti-Walker flag.
Regular protesters stand outside Madison's capitol building.
The red heart balloon has become a symbol of solidarity and tenacity among recall supporters.
It can often be seen on the ceiling of the capitol dome or being held by Lady Forward.
Audience members chat while waiting for broadcast of The Ed Show.
Ed Schultz is informed of reports that there are only 10 paper ballots left in all of Milwaukee.
Many voters requested paper ballots after cases of digital misreads and flips occurred during the primaries.
Women in the audience of The Ed Show react to the seemingly early call in Walker's favor.
Audience members react to Walker's victory speech.
watch Scott Walker's victory speech.


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Q: jQuery 360 countdown - Button to add seconds WHILE timer is runnig I need a button that can add seconds while the timer is running. I got the timer from: https://github.com/johnschult/jquery.countdown360. This is the code that I have to put in my HTML.
  $("#countdown").countdown360({
         radius      : 120,
         seconds     : 30,
         fontColor   : '#FFFFFF',
         autostart   : false,
         onComplete  : function () { console.log('done') }
       }).start();

I tried to make the button myself but no succes.
document.getElementById('add').onclick = function(){
        // location.reload();
        $("#countdown").countdown360({seconds += 20}).start()
        }

<button id="add">Add</button>

Can someone help me out? Thanks!

A: The seconds are stored in clock.settings.seconds.
var clock = $("#countdown").countdown360({
    radius: 60,
    seconds: 30,
    fontColor: '#FFFFFF',
    autostart: false,
    onComplete: function () {
        console.log('done')
    }
})
clock.start();

$("#countdown").on("click", function() {
    clock.settings.seconds += 20;
});

demo (countdown360.js loaded in firefox but not in chrome)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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You are here: Home / Chrome OS / Dual-screen Chromebook in development signals the maturation of Chrome OS
Dual-screen Chromebook in development signals the maturation of Chrome OS
July 19, 2020 By Gabriel Brangers Leave a Comment
It has been nearly eight months since Robby unearthed details on an upcoming Chromebook codenamed 'Palkia' and in that time, we have seen the addition of dozens of new devices. Some of these new Chromebooks will feature processors from Intel that aren't even released yet. Palkia, on the other hand, is powered by the same Intel Comet Lake chipset found in the Samsung Galaxy Chromebook, Lenovo Flex 5 and ASUS C436. That's not to mention the Comet Lake devices that are still on the horizon. Until recently, Palkia was just another model on our list of upcoming devices and we weren't expecting anything out of the ordinary from the Chromebook that we suspect is being designed by ASUS.
That was until 9to5Google's Kyle Bradshaw discovered an update to the Palkia board that will make it one-of-a-kind, never before seen device inside the Chrome OS ecosystem. So, what's so special about this Chromebook? According to the new commits, Palkia will possed not one but two touchscreens. Now, this isn't a new feature to the world of laptops. As a matter of fact, ASUS themselves have shaken up the PC world with their own ZenBook Pro Duo that features this exact setup. The Pro Duo is a creator's dream machine with a second touchscreen located directly above the keyboard. The palm rests are detachable and the second screen can be customized to just about any task a user can imagine.
ASUS ZenBook Pro Duo
The new commits for Palkia describe a similar setup. In addition to dual screens, the Chromebook will also include a standard touchpad and a non-Chrome OS keyboard. While the final design is unclear at this point, it is clear that this new Chromebook will feature a secondary display somewhere on the base of the device and that is exciting news for reasons we will discuss in a moment.
There are two touch screen controllers on the Palkia device. One is on the lid; another is on the base.
Chromium Commit
Before we get too excited, Kyle also uncovered the fact that this Chromebook will likely never see the light of day. In the comments of one of the commits, developers refer to Palkia as POC or "Proof of Concept." Essentially, Palkia is being designed and tested simply to figure out how to make a dual-screen laptop that works on the Chrome OS platform. This may seem like a letdown if you were hoping to get your hands on this unique Chromebook but the bigger picture here is something to get excited about, in my opinion. For years, Chrome OS lived behind the curve. Most of the hardware found in older Chromebooks was already a generation or two behind when the devices hit the market and features found on these devices trailed light-years behind Windows and macOS devices. Today, this is no longer the case.
Shop Best Chromebooks of 2020 So Far on Chrome Shop
When we were at CES earlier this year, it wasn't Windows that lead the charge for Intel's Project Athena initiative. It was Chrome OS. It was the Galaxy by Samsung and ASUS' C436 Chromebooks that were on display for the world to see. Yes, the Galaxy has suffered some setbacks due to poor battery life but Chrome OS devices are the ones that are being heralded as having the latest and greatest hardware, features and functionalities. In our recent interview with Google's John Maletis, he mentioned the fact that Chrome OS had been catapulted forward due to recent shifts in consumer focus that resulted from the work from home movement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Chrome OS is no longer the operating system for grade-schoolers. Instead, Chromebooks are being used by executives, salesforces, developers, bloggers and the average consumers in a volume that is practically unheard of in an environment where PC sales had been experiencing major slumps.
My point? Palkia may be a developmental device but the fact that Chromium OS developers are seeking out new ways to present the operating system and experimenting with some of the latest and greatest features available in tech speaks volumes to the operating system's growth. In just a few short years, Chrome OS has been catapulted into the consumer and enterprise spaces and development of new devices will soon parallel that of Windows and macOS. Gone are the days of Chrome OS being a second class citizen. Instead, I believe that we will soon walk into a Best Buy and see Chromebooks standing right beside other PCs with parity between hardware and features. We now have Android and Linux apps on Chrome OS and soon companies will be able to bring legacy Windows applications to the party with Parallels. The deciding factor will then no longer be "what can a Chromebook do?" but which OS the buyer prefers. It's an exciting time to be in the Chrome OS boat and we're looking forward to the next evolution. Stick around to see what's next.
Filed Under: Chrome OS, Chromebooks, News
About Gabriel Brangers
Lover of all things coffee. Foodie for life. Passionate drummer, hobby guitar player, Web designer and proud Army Veteran. I have come to drink coffee and tell the world of all things Chrome. "Whatever you do, Carpe the heck out of that Diem" - Roman poet, Horace. Slightly paraphrased.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Large LakeHome and Great Beach! Reunion Haven!
Este "Haven" está cerca de Park Rapids y Walker. Ciclismo, senderismo, golf, tiendas y restaurantes muy cerca. ¡Te encantará por la comodidad y la "sensación de camarote" con lugares para escapar! Lago privado y playa impresionante.
This "Haven" is close to Park Rapids and Walker. Biking, Hiking, Golf, shopping and restaurants all nearby. You'll love it because of the coziness and the "cabin feel" with places to get away! Private lake and awesome beach.
My wife and I are blessed with a close family and 5 beautiful daughters. We all love to travel and appreciate and like to share travel experiences with others. We are very active with outdoor activities. Life is all about experiences and relationships!!!


The author from the beginning of the poem catches me off guard when she sort of makes her slavery sound positive. In the first line you see that she says that it was mercy that brought her to America. If it had not been for mercy she would have never found Christianity. In the time that she wrote it, Christianity was the valid thing to talk about because in slavery a lot of times that what they turnt to. She makes a parallel in this poem between her skin complexion and her ignorance from accepting Christ using the word "benighted". Through the writing it like denatures the process of slavery to make it seem that it wasn't as bad as history for tells. She takes a specific part in history and explains it and picks out a certain topic like Vendler says to put the reader in the place she is in. At first I thought that this poem was disrespectful to slaves including herself that went through harsh times. As I reread it it made me realize that by her saying it is apart of diveine mercy it takes power away from the people that treated slaves so harshly. This is very interesting because in most poems or stories youread it talks about the weakness of the slaves and the power of the slave owners. In this poem however it doesn't put the status quo traits with slavery. The only problem in this poem to the author was that she was ignorant to Christianity before coming to America. So her "slave owners" instead of bonding her; freed her in a more figuratively way. By taking her out of Africa it brought her to the place that she cold find God and also her destiny. She spends a lot of time stressing that it was a purpose for her coming to America other than slavery. That their is a bigger force that influenced what happened to her than the people who subjected her to the slave trade.This porm in no way shows that she was a slave to man but a servant of God. The use of sable as a description of her race shows how confident she is in knowing that her and also her people are very valuable. The common view is that slaves were worthless but she provides a different outlook on slavery. She has drawn the reader in and she knows it by the use of remember in the second to the last line. This makes you know that she is confident thatt the reader has grasped her point and is just waiting for a stronger sense of agreement. She joins everybody together in the last line. She puts like accepting Christ and refining oneself brings a type of unity that will be together on the angelic train. The language in this poem is important because it is very specified to the meaning of the poem. Each word has significant meaning.


text:
Arizona governor OKs restrictions for emergency early voting
Arizona allows anyone to vote up to 5 p.m. on the Friday before an election. After that, they must have an "unforeseen circumstance."
Published: 8:29 PM MST April 17, 2019
Updated: 8:29 PM MST April 17, 2019
PHOENIX (AP) — Gov. Doug Ducey has signed a bill restricting the use of emergency voting that allows people who can't show up at their polling place to cast a ballot ahead of Election Day.
The measure signed Wednesday by the Republican governor stems from GOP frustration with Maricopa County's Democratic elections chief, Adrian Fontes.
Fontes opened five emergency voting centers in the state's largest county ahead of last year's election and didn't police the nature of voters' emergencies.
RELATED: Maricopa elections chief Adrian Fontes on ballots, 'emergency' votes
Sen. Michelle Ugenti-Rita's bill allows a county's Board of Supervisors to decide the location for emergency voting centers and requires voters to affirm they have an emergency.


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Quentin Crewe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quentin_Crewe
Quentin Crewe was born in 1926. He suffered from muscular dystrophy and a doctor told his mother when he was six that he would die sometime between the ages of 16 and 25. She never mentioned it to him. Born into a certain background, he was a rebel and free spirit and determined his disability - and his wheelchair - were going to have no impact on his passion for adventure and for life. He was sacked from Eton and sent down from Cambridge. He lived mainly in England but also all over the world at various times - Italy, Japan, Kenya, Uganda, France. He was only the fourth European to cross the Empty Quarter of Saudi Arabia, in 1967. Apart from a ten year period as a farmer in Staffordshire, he was a writer and journalist all his life, contributing regularly to newspapers and magazines. He became a restaurant critic quite by chance whilst working at Queen Magazine in the 1950s and it could be said he completely revolutionised restaurant criticism. Before he began, no one was ever rude about a restaurant and no one described anything other than the food. It is hard to imagine today. But he was the first to be withering about a chef's efforts, and to take on board the whole experience of going to a restaurant, which he regarded as a theatre, and so described the waiters, the fellow diners, the decor, which had never been done before. Soon, he had the power to fill - or close - a restaurant overnight. In 1978 his classic The Great Chefs of France (about the 13 Michelin three star restaurants outside Paris at the time). In 1982 he crossed the Sahara and was blown up by a land mine. His book In Search of the Sahara was published, followed The Last Maharaja, Touch the Happy Isles, and In the Realms of Gold followed, among others, including his memoir, Well, I Forget the Rest. He married three times and had five children by his different wives. He died on his 72nd birthday, in November 1998, proving with a certain relish that the Harley Street physician who had examined him with creepily soft hands back in 1932 to have been a charlatan.
Great Chefs of France
Quentin Crewe and Anthony Blake
Demi-Glace
Anthony Blake and Quentin Crewe
The Independent Cuisine of Pic
Svg Vector Icons : http://www.onlinewebfonts.com/icon View All Recipes
James Peterson
Anne Willan
Paula Wolfert
Joyce Goldstein
Books by Quentin Crewe


text:
Petit: I regret joining Barcelona. Catalan nationalism borders on racism
windkick
titosantill
chinomaster182
LeSwagg James
VivaStPauli
farfan
by jibers Sat Sep 26, 2015 7:44 pm
"Maybe I should have gone to Manchester United and had a chance to play at Old Trafford with Roy Keane, Paul Scholes, Ryan Giggs, David Beckham and co. Another mistake from myself".
The former France international was also very critical of Catalan nationalism: "I arrived at a very bad time. There was a war in the dressing room between Dutch and Catalan players. And on top of it we had a manager who didn't have enough strength or charisma to manage the team. Politics and nationalism was too much for me in the dressing room. I was so happy to join Barcelona but I just wanted to concentrate on football. Every day I was dealing with things I wasn't supposed to do", said Petit. "As soon as I arrived people said 'don't try to learn Castilian [Spanish], you have to speak Catalan'. I said 'I'm in Spain, no?' and they said 'no, you're in Catalonia'. I'm fed up with that kind of thing. I understand their identity but when it's too much, it's very close to racism. We're talking about football, not religion or politics. I wanted to leave. I thought I made a big mistake", he concluded.
http://www.marca.com/en/2015/09/26/en/football/barcelona/1443271093.html
Re: Petit: I regret joining Barcelona. Catalan nationalism borders on racism
by Harmonica Sat Sep 26, 2015 7:46 pm
by farfan Sat Sep 26, 2015 7:55 pm
there were Catalan players in Barça at that time ? other that Xavi and Puyol who were kids and had no say in the dressing room , i can't recall a single one from that era.
by VivaStPauli Sat Sep 26, 2015 7:56 pm
No, every part of town should have it's own language, culture, identity, nationality, and borders. You go, girls!
by LeSwagg James Sat Sep 26, 2015 8:37 pm
More than a club.
by Guest Sat Sep 26, 2015 11:58 pm
lol forget that noise. If I were a professional footballer I would take the Tevez approach and not even try to learn the local language....why bother.
I'd pick up a few words here and there, but I wouldnt go out of my way to learn. I remember, like in College, trying to learn so much Danish before I went to Denmark. Got there, and people DIDNT EVEN TRY to speak to me in Danish. Just went plain English, and the same thing happened to me when I went to Japan with my first job.
by chinomaster182 Sun Sep 27, 2015 2:06 am
If i were to ask myself whether i would go through all the trouble of learning a new language, i think the aspect that one is a near dead language and the other is a a multinational language definitely comes into play...
by titosantill Sun Sep 27, 2015 2:57 am
farfan wrote: there were Catalan players in Barça at that time ? other that Xavi and Puyol who were kids and had no say in the dressing room , i can't recall a single one from that era.
guardiola, gerard, gabri, de la pena, sergi. even though the last 3 were probably not catalan, they played in the youth team, and that youth team has a way of ingratiating their ways and beliefs into youngsters who aren't from the area. iniesta sometimes speaks catalan, he isn't catalan but he has expressed his support for them, since he obviously spent a lot of time there. also they had two madrid cast-aways in luis enrique and alfonso, and obviously when you leave one side for the other, you fly the flag of the other almost like its your hometown club.
petit was a class midfielder but the politics ruined his time there. i recall him saying the coach got one of the dutch players to ask him what position he played when he got signed. he once stated in an interview on tv after a poor game that it seemed everyone wasn't on the same page, and the spanish/catalan players gave him a bit of a lecture in the locker room....to be fair though, its not necessarily a barcelona thing, happens in all squads...it gets problematic when your background or clique becomes dominant even when ure not playing well, and a guy who's obviously good is being pushed down
and imo nationalism, politics, race, and religion should have no place in sports. i've heard people say sports is probably the closest thing in this world we have to a meritocracy and I agree with that. the best players (taking into account things like professionalism, and work ethic) should always play and like their teammates, be made to feel comfortable......but alas, this happens everywhere
by LeBéninois Sun Sep 27, 2015 3:12 am
He FELT that way. I'd totally understand someone feeling overwhelmed by that nationalism however Petit seems to regret a lot from his career lol .
can't blame him. the guy left arsenal at his peak, was crazy in that arsenal side, held his own in a strong french side with guys like zizou and djorkaeff, and then went to barcelona where the coach didn't even know his position. guardiola was very much on the decline when petit joined them, but he was the captain and the leader....a case of the grass not always being greener. similar case with michael owen at madrid (even though owen too was slowing down by the time he joined)
by windkick Sun Sep 27, 2015 4:52 am
And we should discuss this.....why?
by Tomwin Lannister Sun Sep 27, 2015 4:56 am
Betty La Fea wrote: lol forget that noise. If I were a professional footballer I would take the Tevez approach and not even try to learn the local language....why bother.
I pretty much agree lol. Do enough so that your performance isn't hindered then unless you feel strongly about it, ignore it. Going to a foriegn club and trying to care about whatever age old issues they have in whatever area they're based in isn't going to help you play some soccerball. Turn up, train hard, play well. Rinse, repeat.
by FennecFox7 Sun Sep 27, 2015 6:16 am
The thing is I get where the nationalism is coming from. Chino, catalonia is an actual region. spain=\= catalonia. its like saying algeria is france. well, no thats not how it works.
Would you like it if someone told you mexico was part of spain?
i'm not a fan of nationalism, but you have to respect the language and culture of certain places. You can't just be like, "well shit, it says spain on the map so im just gonna speak spanish".
Its the same thing with seriously any region.
catalonia as a region are also sugardaddying spain because the rest of the country wont pick up the slack and they are one of if not most prosperous regions while not even being spainiard. Castillians, andalusians are spanish. catalans arent
by Pedram Sun Sep 27, 2015 9:32 am
Well this is the product of living under Franco's fascist regime, his far right policies like banning the Catalan language radicalized the Catalan people.
by The Demon of Carthage Sun Sep 27, 2015 11:02 am
Pedram wrote: Well this is the product of living under Franco's fascist regime, his far right policies like banning the Catalan language radicalized the Catalan people.
Absolutely. While we're at it, let's blame the US and Israel for radicalizing the Middle Eastern people through decades of colonialism and injustice and let's sympathize with ISIS and Al Qaeda...after all, the far right policies of the US and Israel must have radicalized them.
Jesus man, try to think like an independent and not as a fan. If your club is doing something wrong, make sure to point it out and not come up with pathetic excuses to justify it.
The Demon of Carthage
by FennecFox7 Sun Sep 27, 2015 5:45 pm
The Demon of Carthage wrote:
straw man argument buddy
actually the us and israel are to blame you're the one making opinions based on the media and not fact lets be honest
the "radicals" in catalonia want independence
oh right, so wanting to be an independent nation is being radical. let me repeat. catalonia was not part of spain for HUNDREDS of years. is germany and france the same country? didnt think so.
by VanDeezNuts Sun Sep 27, 2015 5:48 pm
It is difficult to move to any club in Europe without something bordering on racism tbh.
VanDeezNuts
by Doc Tue Sep 29, 2015 6:28 am
While I honestly can't fully understand the whole Nationalistic/separatists stuff since there is no issues in my country when it comes to that, I do know regret very well and Petit seems to have a lot of that apparently.
A fine midfielder who I don't blame for joining Barcelona at the time. They were a much better attraction than Arsenal but even then, without knowing anything about the whole Catalan stuff, thought it was a bad move. Still, if I could remind him that he was a World Champion and scored more goals in a WC final than Messi y Cristiano put together, I hope that brings him some solace.
And he had wonderful hair too.
by free_cat Tue Sep 29, 2015 9:20 am
Petit is basically lying. Surely, someone told him it would be a nice gesture if he learned catalan. Every Barça player is told that.
However, everyone is free to learn the language they want and no one is pressured.
I only recall Kluivert, Toure and Iniesta who learned and spoke Catalan, and none of the other footballers was ever slammed for not talking it/learning it. Hell, Neymar doesn't even speak spanish and no one says anything (and Spanish and Portuguese are almost the same language... dude is a lazy mofo ).
Also, Petit should mind his own business, as it is well known that when he was here he was far from being a professional.
free_cat


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text:
Editorial Riodelaire es una editorial española. Ha editado libros de temática literaria y de castellanismo.

Obras

Castellanismo:

Las raíces de un pueblo: aproximación al hecho nacional castellano (1ª Edición, 1982. 2ª Edición, 1983). D.L. de la 1ª Edición. M-2557-1982. ISBN de la 2ª Edición 84-86132-01-0. D.L. M-1871-1983. El grueso del libro está compuesto por el ensayo del mismo título que el libro, que firma Juan Pablo Mañueco, además hay textos recopilatorios en prosa de Claudio Sánchez Albornoz, y Julio Senador, y otros textos de carácter poético, en verso.

Sobre la cubierta de este libro: Homenaje a Claudio Sánchez Albornoz, Julio Senador, Jorge Guillén, León Felipe, Gerardo Diego y Luis López Álvarez.
Diez castellanos y Castilla (1982), de Juan Pablo Mañueco. Libro de entrevistas sobre temática castellana a Miguel Delibes, Antonio Buero Vallejo, Jesús Torbado, Julio Valdeón Baruque, José Luis Martín, Ramón Tamames, Amando de Miguel, Francisco Fernández Ordóñez y Ramiro Cercós, (1982) (ISBN 84-86132-03-5)
 Una defensa de Castilla, de Jesús Torbado. 20 págs. 1983. ISBN 84-86132-03-7. D.L. M-26021-1983
La emigración castellana: crónica de los genocidios (1983), de Andrés Vallejo, Isaac López Freyle y Juan Pablo Mañueco.Castilla, manifiesto para su supervivencia (1984), de Ramón Carnicer, Gonzalo Martínez Díez, Juan Pablo Mañueco, Ramiro Cercós y Demetrio Casado. Textos de conferencias pronunciadas en el Centro Castellano-Leonés de Tarragona, con ponencias como
"El Cid histórico" de G. Martínez Díez,
"Pregón de las Fiestas del Centro Castellano-Leonés" de R. Carnicer,
"Atonía y resurgimiento de la nación o nacionalidad de Castilla", de J. P. Mañueco,
"Castilla y León en la encrucijada", de R. Cercós y
"Las Castillas y León no caben en la Constitución", de D. Casado. ISBN 84-86132-07-X.Las Castillas y León (teoría de una nación) (1982), de Antonio Hernández.

Poesía:Cancionero y romancero de La Alcarria" y "Claridad que emerge del agua" (1987), Premios de Poesía "Provincia de Guadalajara" de 1981 y 1978, respectivamente, otorgados por la Diputación Provincial de Guadalajara, de Juan Pablo Mañueco.

Literatura:Antología de poesía española contemporánea (1984)Labios del amor y de la muerte: el amor y la muerte en la poesía española de hoy mismo (1985)

Enseñanza:Prácticas de electrónica para enseñanzas medias (1983)

Revistas:Cambi Henares'' (1987)

Castilla, entre el XX y el XXI

El libro "Castilla, entre el XX y el XXI" (2020) recoge los principales acontecimientos de la Historia cultural de Castilla durante el siglo XX y principios del XXI, y dedica numerosas páginas a comentar los libros, autores y asociaciones culturales que colaboraron con Editorial Riodelaire durante sus años de funcionamiento, los años 80 del siglo XX. Igualmente, ofrece datos de interés sobre esta editorial el libro "Breve Historia de Castilla" (2019)

Biblioteca Nacional y Alcarreños Ilustres

Datos en la Biblioteca Nacional de España sobre éstos y otros libros de Juan Pablo Mañueco

http://datos.bne.es/persona/XX1034653.html

Otros datos complementarios en "Alcarreños Ilustres"

https://www.aache.com/alcarrians/manueco.htm

Castellanismo
Riodelaire

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
namespace blink {

namespace {

struct SameSizeAsNGPhysicalLineBoxFragment : NGPhysicalFragment {
  FontHeight metrics;
};

ASSERT_SIZE(NGPhysicalLineBoxFragment, SameSizeAsNGPhysicalLineBoxFragment);

}  // namespace

const NGPhysicalLineBoxFragment* NGPhysicalLineBoxFragment::Create(
    NGLineBoxFragmentBuilder* builder) {
  DCHECK_EQ(builder->children_.size(), 0u);
  return MakeGarbageCollected<NGPhysicalLineBoxFragment>(PassKey(), builder);
}

NGPhysicalLineBoxFragment::NGPhysicalLineBoxFragment(
    PassKey key,
    NGLineBoxFragmentBuilder* builder)
    : NGPhysicalFragment(builder,
                         builder->GetWritingMode(),
                         kFragmentLineBox,
                         builder->line_box_type_),
      metrics_(builder->metrics_) {
  // A line box must have a metrics unless it's an empty line box.
  DCHECK(!metrics_.IsEmpty() || IsEmptyLineBox());
  base_direction_ = static_cast<unsigned>(builder->base_direction_);
  has_hanging_ = builder->hang_inline_size_ != 0;
  has_propagated_descendants_ = has_floating_descendants_for_paint_ ||
                                HasOutOfFlowPositionedDescendants() ||
                                builder->unpositioned_list_marker_;
}

NGPhysicalLineBoxFragment::~NGPhysicalLineBoxFragment() = default;

void NGPhysicalLineBoxFragment::Dispose() {}

FontHeight NGPhysicalLineBoxFragment::BaselineMetrics() const {
  // TODO(kojii): Computing other baseline types than the used one is not
  // implemented yet.
  // TODO(kojii): We might need locale/script to look up OpenType BASE table.
  return metrics_;
}

namespace {

// Include the inline-size of the line-box in the overflow.
// Do not update block offset and block size of |overflow|.
inline void AddInlineSizeToOverflow(const PhysicalRect& rect,
                                    const WritingMode container_writing_mode,
                                    PhysicalRect* overflow) {
  PhysicalRect inline_rect;
  inline_rect.offset = rect.offset;
  if (IsHorizontalWritingMode(container_writing_mode)) {
    inline_rect.size.width = rect.size.width;
    inline_rect.offset.top = overflow->offset.top;
    inline_rect.size.height = overflow->size.height;
  } else {
    inline_rect.size.height = rect.size.height;
    inline_rect.offset.left = overflow->offset.left;
    inline_rect.size.width = overflow->size.width;
  }
  overflow->UniteEvenIfEmpty(inline_rect);
}

}  // namespace

PhysicalRect NGPhysicalLineBoxFragment::ScrollableOverflow(
    const NGPhysicalBoxFragment& container,
    const ComputedStyle& container_style,
    TextHeightType height_type) const {
  const WritingMode container_writing_mode = container_style.GetWritingMode();
  PhysicalRect overflow;
  // Make sure we include the inline-size of the line-box in the overflow.
  AddInlineSizeToOverflow(LocalRect(), container_writing_mode, &overflow);

  return overflow;
}

PhysicalRect NGPhysicalLineBoxFragment::ScrollableOverflowForLine(
    const NGPhysicalBoxFragment& container,
    const ComputedStyle& container_style,
    const NGFragmentItem& line,
    const NGInlineCursor& cursor,
    TextHeightType height_type) const {
  DCHECK_EQ(&line, cursor.CurrentItem());
  DCHECK_EQ(line.LineBoxFragment(), this);

  PhysicalRect overflow;
  AddScrollableOverflowForInlineChild(container, container_style, line,
                                      has_hanging_, cursor, height_type,
                                      &overflow);

  // Make sure we include the inline-size of the line-box in the overflow.
  // Note, the bottom half-leading should not be included. crbug.com/996847
  const WritingMode container_writing_mode = container_style.GetWritingMode();
  AddInlineSizeToOverflow(line.RectInContainerFragment(),
                          container_writing_mode, &overflow);

  return overflow;
}

bool NGPhysicalLineBoxFragment::HasSoftWrapToNextLine() const {
  const auto* break_token = To<NGInlineBreakToken>(BreakToken());
  return break_token && !break_token->IsForcedBreak();
}

void NGPhysicalLineBoxFragment::TraceAfterDispatch(Visitor* visitor) const {
  NGPhysicalFragment::TraceAfterDispatch(visitor);
}

}  // namespace blink

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Barcelona News: Team a 'Failure' If It Loses La Liga, Says Gerard Pique
By Tom Roddy On 4/29/16 at 6:38 AM EDT
Gerard Pique at Camp Nou stadium, Barcelona, Spain, January 27. Pique says Barcelona is considered a failure if it doesn't win La Liga. Alex Caparros/Getty
Sports Barcelona La Liga Atletico Madrid Champions League
The hefty standards at the Camp Nou have been outlined by Gerard Pique, who says whenever Barcelona doesn't win La Liga it is "considered a failure."
The Spanish giants are in resurgent form, scoring 14 goals without reply in the last two games after losing three consecutive La Liga games for the first time since 2003.
With three games remaining of the season, Barcelona are at the top of the table on goal difference, with Atletico Madrid level on points and Real Madrid just one point behind.
"Whenever Barcelona don't win the league, it's considered a failure," Pique said, Marca reported.
"Tactically, Atletico Madrid are very well-prepared and then they have players like [Fernando] Torres and [Antoine] Griezmann that are playing at a very high level. It was a very evenly contested two legs."
He added: "It is entirely normal to have ups and downs throughout the season, but ours came at the most crucial time. We must move on. We still have La Liga and the Copa del Rey to fight for."
Barcelona News: What's Gone Wrong For Catalan Giants?
Barcelona News: We Must Stay United, says Ivan Rakitic
Lionel Messi Is In a Drought and It's Hurting Barcelona
Cristiano Ronaldo: Star's Sister Mocks Gerard Pique


text:
Q: What kind of data is in an "enum" type constant? How to add it to an NSArray? What kind of information is stored behind such an enum type thing? Example:
typedef enum {
    UIViewAnimationCurveEaseInOut,
    UIViewAnimationCurveEaseIn,
    UIViewAnimationCurveEaseOut,
    UIViewAnimationCurveLinear
} UIViewAnimationCurve;

I am not sure if I can safely add such an enum constant to an array. Any idea?

A: Enums in Objective-C are exactly the same as those in C. Each item in your enum is automatically given an integer value, by default starting with zero.
For the example you provided: UIViewAnimationCurveEaseInOut would be 0; UIViewAnimationCurveEaseIn would be 1, and so on.
You can specify the value for the enum if required:
typedef enum {
    UIViewAnimationCurveEaseInOut,
    UIViewAnimationCurveEaseIn = 0,
    UIViewAnimationCurveEaseOut,
    UIViewAnimationCurveLinear
} UIViewAnimationCurve;

This result of this would be: UIViewAnimationCurveEaseInOut is 0; UIViewAnimationCurveEaseIn is 0; UIViewAnimationCurveEaseOut is 1; and so on. However, for basic purposes you shouldn't need to do anything like that; it just gives you some useful info to toy with.
It should be noted based on the above, that an enum can't assume to be a unique value; different enum identifiers can be equal in value to each other.
Adding an enum item to a NSArray is as simple as adding an integer. The only difference would be that you use the enum identifer instead.
[myArray addObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseInOut]];

You can check this out for yourself by simply outputting each enum to the console and checking the value it provides you with. This gives you the opportunity to investigate the details of how it operates. But for the most part you won't really need to know on a day to day basis.

A: Enums are typically int values. You can store them in an array by wrapping them in an NSNumber:
[myMutableArray addObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:myAnimationCurve]];

... then get them back out like this:
UIViewAnimationCurve myAnimationCurve = [[myMutableArray lastObject] intValue];

A: Enums in Objective-C are the same as enums in vanilla C. It's just an int. If you're using an NSArray, then it expects a pointer and you'll get a warning if you try to add an int to it:
NSMutableArray *myArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
[myArray addObject:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseInOut];

// Last line results in:
//    warning: passing argument 1 of 'addObject:' makes
//    pointer from integer without a cast

A: If you're storing a large collection of 32-bit integers, consider using the appropriate CF collection type rather than the NS collection type. These allow you to pass in custom retain methods, which gets rid of the need to box every integer added to the collection.
For example, let's say you want a straight array of 32-bit ints. Use:
CFMutableArrayRef arrayRef = CFArrayCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorDefault, 0, NULL);

The last parameter tells the array to not retain/release the "addresses" you pass in to it. So when you do something like this:
CFArrayAppendValue(arrayRef, 1);

What the array thinks is that you're passing in a pointer to an object living at the memory address 0x1. But since you told it to not call retain/release on that pointer, it gets treated as a standard int by the collection.
FWIW, for educational value, standard NSMutableArrays have equivalent CF types. Through toll-free bridging you can use the CF collection as a standard Foundation collection:
CFMutableArrayRef arrayRef = CFArrayCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorDefault, 0, kCFTypeArrayCallbacks);
NSMutableArray *array = (NSMutableArray *)arrayRef;
[array addObject:@"hi there!"];
NSLog(@"%@", [array objectAtIndex:0]); // prints "hi there!"

You can apply the same tricks to dictionaries (with CFDictionary/CFMutableDictionary), sets (CFSet/CFMutableSet), etc.


text:
Q: Manifolds and magnetic potential Assume we have a particle in $\mathbb{R}^3$, which we will subject to different fields independently. It will have some potential energy $U\in \mathbb{R}$ defined as some constant minus its kinetic energy.
Given a conservative vector field, the potential energy $U$ is given by some function $g:\mathbb{R}^3\to \mathbb{R}$ due to the path-independence of $$\int_a^b\mathbf{F}\cdot d\mathbf{r}.$$
However, given a non-conservative vector field that induces an acceleration $\mathbf{F}\times\mathbf{v}$, it is not immediately obvious what the potential energy function will be given the co-ordinates*. It feels like the (speed and therefore) potential energy  will depend strongly on the 'history' of the particle (i.e. how it got to that co-ordinate as well as the co-ordinate itself). It thus seems like the potential energy function $f:S\to \mathbb{R}$ will have its domain $S$ being some sort of manifold.
Is this true, and if it is or I'm not too far off, could someone help in elucidating the matter?
For simplicity, take a non-conservative field $F$ whose divergence is $0$ (e.g. $\mathbf{B}$). For a very simple example, take $\mathbf{F}=(y)\hat{\mathbf{x}}$.

*Obviously it's trivial to give it as a function of velocity, so assume throughout that we're looking for an $f$ .


I really like orange juice. It tastes good and it's good for you. But there is a problem with drinking it. I never have any. Every time I go to the store to get some, I return to discover there isn't any in the grocery bag. It makes no difference if I have a list or not--I can even have a coupon. When I get home I will only then discover that I forgot to buy orange juice yet again. It has happened twice this week. Both times I went to the store to purchase OJ. Both times I came home with spaghetti sauce and tea and even some frozen waffles. and there was no orange juice in the bag. I'll try again this afternoon.
Car Wash or Chamber of Doom Death Trap?


30 minute soundtrack for an experimental video which was made with a camera attached to a remote-control-driven car, cruising around on the vast marble floors of the mall and sometimes between the legs of the shoppers and passers by in the GLATT shopping-centre in wallisellen.
also audible when faded in, is the original audio from the video. namely people in the shopping-centre as well as the screech of the car's engine.


Ringo Starr performing with his All-Starr Band in Paris in 2011. photo: Jean Fortunet.
The year was 1976, the United States was celebrating its bicentennial, and the FM radio airwaves were peppered with songs from three performers/bands that are visiting Pittsburgh this month—Peter Frampton, Stevie Wonder, and the band Chicago. If the Sixties are more your cup of tea, Ringo Starr, The Zombies, Arlo Guthrie, and Chubby Checker are all in area concerts this month.
Most of the big acts and major twang of summer has receded, but we do have what promises to be hot shows from Grace Potter, Lucinda Williams, and Collective Soul. On the local front The Park Plan is throwing a EP release party and are joined on the bill by Brazilian Wax, Murder for Girls, and Dumplings. There are many great concerts each month in the 'Burgh, both big and small, so get out there and support live music.
With her bold, soaring vocals delivered in a rich blues-rock framework, Grace Potter has garnered increasing attention on the national rock scene and the chance to open two concerts for The Rolling Stones this past summer on their Zip Code tour. Best known as the lead singer for Grace Potter and the Nocturnals, she has ventured out on her own now with the August release of her second solo effort Midnight. "The Lion The Beast The Beat" is a great example of how Potter and the Nocturnals rocked many a house. The band also had a big hit with "Paris (Ooh La La)" in 2010. Potter says of her songs, "You have to either want to dance to it or cry to it. But there's also a feistiness to these songs that's completely unapologetic." Her performance is like that of a joyful whirling dervish, singing, smiling, and playing her guitar. She's at Stage AE with special guest Rayland Baxter. Doors open 7 p.m. 400 North Shore Drive, North Shore.
There are times when writing about music is really, really hard. One of them is when Stevie Wonder is coming to town and you can only pick a few of his songs to highlight in a preview. "Living for the City" (above) is an era-defining blast from the 1970s that has to be on the short list. Then you've got a tough choice between "Signed, Sealed, Delivered, I'm Yours" and "I Was Made to Love Her." It'd be bad luck to leave out "Superstition." On a sweeter note, there's "Isn't She Lovely." For historical context, you have to go 'way back to when he was called "Little Stevie Wonder" and put in "Fingertips"—and, and—well, you can see the problem.
Ever since the 1980s, when he was in his early 30s, Michael McDonald has had the stern visage and silvery-grey mane of hair that make him look like the professor you don't mess with. He has long employed a serious tenor-baritone voice to lecture audiences on the fallacies of "What a Fool Believes," his big 1979 hit as featured vocalist of The Doobie Brothers. Prior to his tenured position with The Doobies, McDonald performed doctorate research as a backup vocalist with Steely Dan. And since leaving The Doobies he has had a distinguished career of more than three decades as an independent scholar, singing solo as well as collaborating with many renowned colleagues. Professor McDonald will present a review of his most significant work from various periods in a plenary session at The Palace Theatre. 7 p.m. 21 W. Otterman St., Greensburg.
Richard Starkey was born in the Dingle neighborhood of Liverpool, England on July 7, 1940. After growing up as an often sickly child in a poor neighborhood with divorced parents, he once again found himself recovering in a hospital. The hospital encouraged everyone to play in a makeshift band with whatever instruments were available. Young Richard grabbed a soft mallet and started banging on a hospital pan. He found his vocation and would be drumming from then on, even after family and friends gave him other instruments to try. He would become a highly accomplished drummer and joined up with three other Liverpool lads named John, Paul, and George who had a band and were looking for a new drummer. He was by then known as Ringo Starr (he reportedly garnered the nickname because of all the rings he wore. Starr came from his reluctant drum solos which he called starr time).
Rick Handler is the executive producer of Entertainment Central and loves great music.
Christopher Maggio and Mike Vargo also love great music and were major contributors to this preview.


text:
Q: How to start the cron daemon I am using RHEL 5.4
I killed the cron daemon accidentally. I wanted to stop a cron task, didn't know how to do it, ended up killing the cron daemon itself. How do I start it again?

A: Depending on how your exact distribution is set up, /etc/init.d/cron start or variations thereupon might do the trick.

A: Since you are on RHEL you may like to use the more practical:
service crond start

If you just type
service crond

and hit Enter, you will see all the implemented available options for the previous command:
Usage: /etc/init.d/crond {start|stop|status|reload|restart|condrestart}


text:
Conservation, Restoration and Resilience: GIS for environmental restoration
by Chris Wayne
Author's note: In this article we'll explore how geospatial technology has been and is being used in ecological restoration efforts at scales from local to global. However, much of the content will focus on my home ground of the Klamath Basin in southern Oregon and northern California, because there is so much important work going on here.
What does ecological restoration mean?
In other words, what are we restoring for? Conservation for healthy systems, restoration to historic conditions and/or resilience to changing conditions? The three are not mutually exclusive. Do we want to protect places and systems that are currently functional, restore them to previous conditions, or modify them to be able to adapt to changing conditions caused by anthropogenic factors, including climate change? In the various case studies below, I'll give examples of all of these goals.
Dynamite in a day … or restore 0.1 miles per year?
To restore a wetland, it took 100 tons of TNT. I remember October 30, 2007, when The Nature Conservancy blew the dike on the Williamson River Delta just a mile from home. Previously, the delta had been diked and drained and turned into very productive farmland, but the process had completely disrupted the seasonal flooding of the delta and, consequently, habitat for many species — fish, fowl and flora. TNC purchased the northern portion of the delta and began restoration efforts, culminating in the "big blast." This reconnected the delta to Agency Lake, recreating the natural seasonal flow of wetland flooding and desiccation.
Within a few years, native plants and wildlife returned. Every day I drive by it, and it makes my heart soar. GIS played a critical part in this massive undertaking, with careful mapping of land ownerships and land use, vegetation types and many other factors.
(National Park Service Images/Courtesy of Chris Wayne)
On the other hand, the restoration of 2.5 miles of Sun Creek took 25 years. After decades of being a "clogged artery," this habitat for native bull trout was reconnected to the Wood River, and thus, to the entirety of the Klamath Basin. I was fortunate to play a part in this effort, albeit a small one. Mostly, I made maps of the area for field crews, but I did have the chance to go out and help eradicate invasive brook trout — GPS in hand, of course. The principals on the project used every mapping method they could, from laser transits and lidar to 1800s field notes from the General Land Office (the precursor to the Bureau of Land Management). While the National Park Service was the lead agency in the effort, there were many partners, including Trout Unlimited, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, private landowners and numerous others.
Are we living in the Anthropocene?
This is a question I ask my students on their final exam, after we have covered a full term of Environmental Law and Policy. The geological time scale is so vast that we humans are but a tick on the Earth's clock, yet we have managed to create a tremendous impact during our short time. Hiking to the bottom of the Grand Canyon, and up again, I see billions of years of Earth's history in a few hours. Once at the top, I see massive changes that have been there for only a dozen decades — buildings, cars, invasive elk, the railroad, and mules, to name but a few.
Between ancient geology and modern infrastructure, various Tribes have modified the landscape there over many centuries, as illustrated in a map series by the Grand Canyon Conservancy. Most of these maps are static, but at the bottom is an interactive map showing photos and stories of the various Tribes and their relationship with the canyon. Along with a static map, the Grand Canyon Trust has interviews with people from various Tribes describing their goals for stewardship in the Greater Grand Canyon area.
The argument behind the Anthropocene theory is that as a species, we have changed Earth's climate, geology and hydrography so massively that we have literally created a new geologic era. The Breakthrough Institute made a series of maps illustrating the causes and effects of the Anthropocene. A similar story map includes case studies, photos and animations from around the globe, and there is an interesting cartogram about the subject. Although the cartogram has no legend, the patterns are clear to see — population, lights, shipping routes and others.
People need plants!
So goes the first line of my wife's graduate school application. But plants need people as well. If we truly are in the Anthropocene, humans need to be part of the solution, whether on the local or global scale. Much environmental degradation is due to poverty. People need to feed themselves and their families at the very least, and beyond that, create a brighter and more sustainable future for their posterity.
The Nature Conservancy serves as model for the inclusion of people in conservation. Their 2020 Geospatial Conservation Annual Report offers 22 case studies, most involving local communities. As these case studies and the examples from the Klamath Basin indicate, restoration is impossible without people working together, and of course, much more challenging without geospatial technologies.
Restoring the Upside-Down Basin
In 1995, the two largest restoration projects in Oregon were taking place at the same time, within a few miles of each other. Unlike the Williamson Delta project, on only private land, The Wood River Delta Restoration Project was more complicated. The goal was the same: to restore sinuosity and riparian vegetation, thereby increasing water quantity and quality while decreasing temperature. Like the Sun Creek project, there were many actors. The BLM owns the delta itself, but upstream and adjacent is a mosaic of land ownership — private, federal, county and state.
Our late (and great) senator, Mark Hatfield, formed a working group for restoration in the basin. With consensus from farmers, Tribes and other stakeholders, some seemingly simple goals were agreed upon: cleaner, colder water, and more of it.
While the goals were clear, the methods to make them happen were not. The 10-million acre Klamath Basin is one of the most complex watersheds in the West. Most basins in the western U.S., including the vast Columbia and Colorado basins, begin in the mountains and are fed by snowmelt, then run through agricultural lands and urban areas. Conversely, much of the Klamath Basin's water begins in agricultural areas in Oregon, and are fed by mountain snow as well as cold, freshwater springs. Once joined with other tributaries, the river rushes through the rugged mountains in California before it reaches the sea.
Before European settlement, the upper basin was a vast seasonal wetland — the "Everglades of the West" — and one of the most continuously inhabited landscapes on the continent. Settlement brought changes to the landscape: wetlands were drained and diked, rivers were channelized into straight lines instead of their naturally meandering courses, and dams were built. Consequently, fish on which various Tribal communities depended were nearly extirpated.
That brings us back to 1995. The Wood and Williamson rivers, and specifically their deltas, were seen as excellent candidates for improvement to reach the goals of improving water quality and quantity. As you can imagine, changing even a relatively small river's course is a massive undertaking. GIS and other geospatial technology were critical in these efforts.
Looking Forward: Resources for Research and Teaching
Ecological and environmental restoration is deep and broad, with many experts from overlapping and interconnected disciplines involved: geographers, historians, hydrologists, engineers, politicians, botanists, wildlife and fisheries biologists, on-the-ground stakeholders and many others, some of whose individual roles may overlap.
One excellent resource I discovered is "The Use of GIS to Facilitate Habitat Restoration," by Michelle Denault, which has a superb annotated bibliography. Another is Esri's site for Environmental & Natural Resources Agencies, offering case studies and resources on events, data and more.
GO! BEAVERS!!!
I have to say that as an Oregon State alumnus, but it rings true on a much larger scale. Beavers can be a problem in urban areas, but many studies have shown that beavers' construction projects improve water storage and water quality.
Having traveled through California's Gold Country — where they made rivers flow uphill through massive 19th century wheels and channels — and having watched the Chicago River flow from Lake Michigan instead of into it, as it did for centuries, I know that human engineering can accomplish amazing feats, but to what end?
As the director of the Bureau of Land Management, Tracy Stone-Manning oversees 10 percent of the land in the U.S. With multiple missions, from managing sage grouse habitat to overseeing oil and gas leases (and an enormous enterprise GIS program), it is a tall order. However, near the end of her interview in High Country News, she sums up restoration efforts quite succinctly: "Nature is the best engineering we have on the planet."
Explore more: Education, Environment, Field Work, Geospatial Analysis, Geospatial Data, Professional Development


text:
msofi
Morten
Sørensen
Room: SOL/A4.35
E-mail: mso.fi@cbs.dk
Morten Sørensen is a Professor of Finance at Copenhagen Business School, an Adjunct Professor of Finance and Economics at Columbia Business School, and a Research Fellow at Centre for Economic Policy Research. Morten Sørensen has previously been an Assistant Professor of Finance at University of Chicago, an Associate Professor of Finance and Economics at Columbia Business School, and a Faculty Research Fellow at National Bureau of Economic Research.
Morten Sørensen's research is in the areas of Entrepreneurial Finance, Venture Capital, and Private Equity. His research is about understanding the behavior, performance, and economic effects of venture capital and private equity both in individual transactions and in the broader economy. His studies have investigated the risks, returns, and illiquidity inherent in venture capital, private equity, and other alternative investments; the effects of private equity and venture capital investments on individual companies and for industries; and the role of management in venture capital and buyout deals. He has been awarded numerous research grants, including a Sapere Aude Forskningsleder grant and a Netspar grant, both exceeding USD 1M. His research has been presented worldwide at numerous universities and conferences. It has been featured in the Wall Street Journal, New York Times, Financial Times, Bloomberg, CNBC, and BusinessWeek. It has been published in leading academic journals, including the Journal of Finance, Review of Financial Studies, Journal of Financial Economics, and Management Science.
Sørensen teaches "Venture Capital and Private Equity" at Copenhagen Business School and "Entrepreneurial Finance" at Columbia Business School. He has advised PhD students who have joined the faculties at Stanford, Cornell, Wharton, New York University, UC-Berkeley and London School of Economics. He has been an academic advisor to the European Venture Capital Association and an expert witness in several cases of litigation involving private equity firms (has not been deposed).
Morten is married, with two daughters. He was born in Denmark, where he received a master's degree in economics from Aarhus University. He moved to the United States in 1999 where he received a PhD in Economics from Stanford University. In 2014, he returned with his family to Denmark and joined the faculty at Copenhagen Business School. They live in Humlebæk, Denmark.
Download long CV as PDF
www.cbs.dk/en/staff/msofi
Valuing Private Equity, Morten Sorensen, Neng Wang, and Jinqiang Yang, Review of Financial Studies, 2014, forthcoming.
Which CEO Characteristics and Abilities Matter?, Steven Kaplan, Mark Klebanov, and Morten Sorensen, 2012, Journal of Finance, vo. 67 (3), pp. 973–1007.
Private Equity and Long-Run Investment: The Case of Innovation, Josh Lerner, Morten Sorensen, and Per Strömberg, 2011, Journal of Finance, vol. 66 (2), pp. 445–477.
Risk and Return Characteristics of Venture Capital-Backed Entrepreneurial Companies, Arthur Korteweg and Morten Sorensen, 2010, Review of Financial Studies, vol. 23 (10), pp. 3738–3772.
How Smart is Smart Money: A Two-Sided Matching Model of Venture Capital, Morten Sorensen, 2007, Journal of Finance, vol. 62, pp. 2725–2762.
Oleg Gredil; Morten Sørensen; William Waller / Evaluating Private Equity Performance Using Stochastic Discount Factors
Paper presented at Midwest Finance Association 2019 Annual Meeting , 2019
Steven N. Kaplan; Morten Sørensen / Are CEOs Different? : Characteristics of Top Managers.
Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) 2017, 53 p. (National Bureau of Economic Research. Working Paper Series, No. 23832)
Shai Bernstein; Josh Lerner; Morten Sørensen; Per Strömberg / Private Equity and Industry Performance
In: Management Science, Vol. 63, No. 4, 4.2017, p. 1198-1213
Arthur Korteweg; Morten Sørensen / Skill and Luck in Private Equity Performance
In: Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 124, No. 3, 6.2017, p. 535-562
New York : Columbia Business School 2016, 50 p. (Columbia Business School Research Papers Series, No. 16-27)
Paper presented at The 14th International Paris December Finance Meeting, 2016
Arthur Korteweg; Morten Sørensen / Estimating Loan-to-value Distributions
In: Real Estate Economics, Vol. 44, No. 1, 2016, p. 41-86
Morten Sørensen; Ravi Jagannathan / The Public Market Equivalent and Private Equity Performance.
In: Financial Analysts Journal, Vol. 71, No. 4, 2015, p. 43-50
Morten Sørensen; Neng Wang; Jinqiang Yang / Valuing Private Equity
In: Review of Financial Studies, Vol. 27, No. 7, 2014, p. 1977-2021
Morten Sørensen / Incomplete Contracts and the Use of Options to Prevent Hold-Up in Investments Under Uncertainty
Copenhagen : Department of Economics. Copenhagen Business School 1998, 14 p. (Working Paper / Department of Economics. Copenhagen Business School, No. 11)
Bankerne er blevet den nemme skydeskive
08/02/2019 // InsideBusiness // Karsten Anker
Anden retssag ruller om realkreditinstitutters bidragsforhøjelser
04/06/2018 // Finanswatch.dk // Anne Louise Houmann
Bo gik med livrem og seler, da han tog huslån - alligevel steg bidraget 5.000 kr.
04/06/2018 // Politiken // THOMAS FLENSBURG
Kapitalfonde er en vigtig del af erhvervslivets økosystem
10/04/2018 // Berlingske // Henriette Kinnunen og Ole Steen Andersen, henholdsvis direktør og formand for DVCA, Brancheforeningen for venture-og kapitalfond
Vestas-formand i angreb på kapitalfonde: De er det værste skidt i samfundet
09/04/2018 // Berlingske // Michael Korsgaard
Vestasformand i åben krig med kapitalfonde - citat
09/04/2018 // Ritzau Finans // Lizette Knudsen
Kims bidragssats steg fra 14.158 til 33.895 kr.
02/04/2018 // Jyllands-Posten // CLAUS IVERSEN KRISTOFFER BRAHM
Techverdenen er lige gået amok i Helsinki: Men der er måske et problem
04/12/2017 // Business.dk // Jakob Chor
Vækstfonden har lånt 500 mio. kr. til iværksættere siden 2014
10/08/2016 // DR P3 Nyhederne 12.00 (resumé)
Vil du have penge -så skal investor også kunne tjene
30/10/2015 // Landbrugsavisen // Dorte Stenbæk Bro
Flere private penge kan finde vej til landbruget
Business angels rammer jackpot i København
21/05/2015 // Børsen // Stephan Wedel Alsman og Ask Christian Riis
Denmark wins 4 nations finance contest in Rome
11/05/2015 // Cbs.dk (Copenhagen Business School)
Kendt duo springer ud som aktivist-investorer
08/05/2015 // Børsen // Ask Christian Riis
Professor: Det er helt normalt med underskudsforretning
23/04/2015 // Børsen // Caroline Gerd Frandsen og Stephan Wedel Alsman
Morten Sørensen receives DKK 7 mill. Sapere Aude grant
Financial and Non-financial Performance of Privately-Held Businesses
External Teacher at Columbia Business School
Consulting Expert ("skønsmand") for Danish High Court Eastern ("Østre Landsret")
Advisor for FTSE/Russell


Carry On Our Learning Time is our way of continuing the momentum and energy with which children approach learning during the school day. Activities and projects are sent home throughout the year, which motivate children from all year groups to enjoy learning out of school in an increasingly independent capacity. We want parents to enjoy these often creative activities with their children, as well as supporting the regular rehearsal of reading, writing and mathematical knowledge which underpins much of the Primary National Curriculum.
Please speak to your child's class teacher to see how you can further support your child to Carry On Our Learning at home.


text:
Home » Tragedy At Former Us President Barack Obama's House; Pet Dog Bo Dies
Tragedy At Former Us President Barack Obama's House; Pet Dog Bo Dies
Former US President Barack Obama's pet dog, Bo has passed away after a long and brave battle with cancer. The Obamas took to social media to express their griefs and concerns after the loss of their beloved companion.
The news of Bo passing away was shared on Instagram where both Barack and Michelle Obama break this terrible news to their followers and express grief at the passing away of a dog who the former President called a "true friend and loyal companion".
Mr. Obama wrote a lot of touching things about his furry buddy including the facts that he tolerated all the fuss of living in the White House, had a big bark but no bite, loved to jump in the pool in summers, spent a lot of fun times with the children, lived for scraps around the dinner table, and had great hair.
Bo was a Portuguese water dog who was a gift to the Obamas by the Late Senator Edward M. Kennedy, D-Mass., who was a significant supporter in Barack Obama's 2008 Presidential campaign who later became close to the family. This present helped Mr. Obama keep his promise to his girls, Sasha and Malia, who were told they could get a dog after the elections.
They were joined by a companion dog named Sunny who started living in the White House in 2013. Both of these dogs were a constant presence around the house and very popular among the visitors. The dogs even joined the Obamas in attending events and entertaining guests often.
Source: PBS.org
They entertained the crowds at the annual Easter Egg Roll and Bo often accompanied Mrs. Obama in welcoming tourists. The dogs would also help cheer up wounded service members as well as hospitalized children who were visited by the First Lady each year before Christmas.
Mrs. Obama posted a slideshow with pictures of Bo, including one where he is sitting behind the President's Resolute Desk at the Oval Office, and recounted the wonderful time when the delightful dog would add some levity to the White House.
He was there through a lot of challenging times faced by the couple as well as all the significant moments they shared in the White House including when the Pope came to visit. The former First Lady wrote that she is grateful for the time they got to spend with Bo last year due to the pandemic and said that Bo was the happiest for it – all his people were under one roof again.
You can also follow us on Instagram and Twitter and download the dog news app from Google Play.
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