Title : ADF FOOD LTD : Ready to ride Upcoming Growth of Urban Consumer Spending in Processed Food like Ready to eat and Frozen Food Market in India and International market.
Started in 1932 ,on Mar 1992 the company was incorporated as public limited company.
exporter of food products primarily to US, UK and Middle East. Its product offerings include pickles, chutneys, spices, ready‐to‐eat meals, sauces, frozen snacks/ parathas/vegetables/ samosas, mango pulp and slices, and cooking pastes. It markets its products under the brands of Ashoka, Truly Indian, Soul, Nate's, PJ's Organics, Aeroplane and Camel.
ADF exports its products to almost 52 countries with the help of 180 distributors. Its offerings in US constitute of core brands like Nate's, Ashoka, Truly Indian and PJ's and in UK as Brand Soul. ADF has been successful in launching new products in major supermarket chains and natural grocery stores across US. Similarly, its brands Camel and Aeroplane have strong presence in Middle‐East.
ADF has proven track record of developing domestic brands like Mothers recipe (Sold off in 2005) which today is 200 Cr brand. It has re‐entered the domestic segment under its umbrella brand SOUL and is available on most traditional outlets. This segment currently is ~5% revenues and is incurring losses at EBIDTA level. However, management is confident of ramping up the domestic business with special focus on distribution and product extensions.
Last 4 years Company Top Line growth was almost nil ( 208 Cr in FY 18 compared to 207 Cr in FY14) However PAT increased from 4.5 Cr to 18 Cr on Improvement in Operating & net Margin due to Product Mix &Product sale strategy change. Stock has not performed in last one year , Now with Topline Growth with Improved Operating Margin and Net Margin , Company can be multibagger.
New CMD Bimal R. Thakkar who have taken change in FY2018 is more aggressive for growth and looking for More Opportunities is Domestic as well as International Market.
Mr. Bimal Thakkar (MD) is a Commerce Graduate and has done a Course in He has played an instrumental role in ADF IPO, subsequent private placements, settings up of factory at Nasik, expansion of factory at Nadiad, introduction and promotion of the ADF's products in domestic and international markets, development of Brands and new products, tapping new markets for the products,international acquisitions, setting up of subsidiary companies in U.K., Mauritius and U.S.A.
Promoter Stake decreased from 51% in FY16 to 30.3% in June-18 Quarter in open market sale hence stock was continuously under pressure in last 1 year. Reason for selling of share by outgoing Management /Promoter Families due to person fund requirement.
However Present Promoter and CMD willing to increase Promoter stake. In Last Buyback offer in FY2018 promoter didn't participated hence promoter stake increased to 32.31 % in SEP2018 from 30.3 % JUNE2018.
Many Recent Launch of Ready to eat & other product and Launch in ecommerce sites like FlipKart online supermarket , Bigbasket, Grofers will provide explosive growth in coming years.
Frozen Product has good Margin and % share of this product is increasing in Domestic and international market , In last one year it increased from 25% to 40% of Total Revenue.
Many Ready to eat & Frozen foods Product of ADF food which have high margin business has now also listed in Many US, UK and Middle east Online grocery website recently which boosted sales and further Sales may rise.
Promoter are honest and Reward Shareholder in Form of Buyback of Shares or Dividend consistently. It is Debt Free Company.
International Business: The appointment of new country managers for Europe, Canada, GCC, Levant Countries, Asia Pacific & Africa has strengthened the Sales team and the same will expand our reach to these markets.
mango spices, sugar, oil etc.
since 95% of business is exports denominated in USD/GBP, exchange rates play a key role in safeguarding margins.
Tough Competition from other Organised player in Domestic Market has been there from ITC, Kohinoor, MTR, Gilts in Ready to eat Segment and From Tasty Bites in International Market.
Sebi has imposed a total penalty of Rs 12 lakh on three entities for alleged non-compliance with market regulator's summons related to its probe on charges of fraudulent trading activities by Sanjay Dangi and associated entities.
Interestingly , there are 2 more promoters company which are into Trading Business and are not classified as Promoter Group. They can easily trade in the company shares anytime. The e-mail of both these entities is same as that of ADF Foods.
@bharat19 , Thanks for Sharing link, However My Intention for Sharing post is Company Fundamental and Earning Outlook. Also Other promoter Entities have not in any Bulk deal in ADF FOOD Bulk deal history.
My post is about Fundamental about company.
ADF is gaining shelf space in some dominant Mexican grocery stores in US and even in Indian grocery stores. Tasty bite beats them on all front in terms of visibility and quality. The biggest draw back in ADF is reducing promoter stake. Also in Desi grocery stores Haldiram,ITC Vadilal & MTR beat them to product variety and shelf space by a wide margin. Seems they are happy to be there only, the firepower visible in others is missing. Exploring investment opportunity in Vadilal industries…Ice cream is really getting acceptance in Desi stores despite double prices compared to local Ice cream products.
@Sameermpatel You are completely mistaken bro - Bimal has been at the helm of affairs for many years now. I remember meeting him as the main guy many years back during my Private Equity days. So there is no change in the main guy who is running the show in reality. If his designation has changed from MD to CMD - don't read too much into it.
ADF is just a product manufacturer - one can accept the fact that they are a quality manufacturer. They have no major play otherwise. Soul and other domestic brands you mentioned has been in the market for years and has not taken the sales number financially (as you are saying domestic brands is just 5% or 11 cr yearly which is nothing despite 3-4 years of launch - just for comparison Too Yum launched from Goenka's has already reached a run rate of 15-20 cr monthly sale in 18 months of sale - now thats what you call a brand) . For a manufacturer, you are paying a price of 3x book, 20 times earnings which seems to be more than fair.
Also, margins going up may be due to the fact that earlier they were under-reporting the margins and now they wanted to show full margins so that the stock price increases which served their purpose well as you have said the promoters have been selling all this while. So I don't find any credibility if the margins have improved. In fact, if earlier they were having just 2-5% net margins on an export business - I wonder if anyone would get into manufacturing of export food products for such margins.
Buyback reduced free float but was done via open market so did not help. Overall promoter has reduced stake in last few years every quarter. The price is stable between 200 to 250 but if promoter does not have faith and heart in the business…not going to help anyone.
Regarding promoter stake sale in last one year, I analysed and following finding.
Basically ADF FOODS Company founder late Mr. Hariram ( in 1932 ) have two sons late Mr. Ramesh and Mr. Ashok . Mr. Ramesh was chairmen till 2013-2014 till his death. after his death Mr. Ashok become chairman. so till 2016 both families was jointly owning business , However last one year outgoing chairman Mr. Ashok thakkar and Mishal Ashok thakkar sell their stake as he want to exist business hence nearly 20% stake was reduced (stake sell due to any family dispute, cannot say) However Present chairman Mr. Bimal who is son of late Mr. Ramesh has not sold any single share of ADF FOODS in last 5 year. And now started increasing their stake .hence now Late Mr. Ramesh family tree Mr. Bimal and other are running business.
Just clarified for promoter stake sale.
The story dates back to 1932, When Mr. Hariram Mewawala Jairam Thakkar had a Dry fruit store in Mumbai. Hariram Thakkar along with Ramesh Thakkar and Kishore Thakkar incorporated the company in 1991 with the motive of producing a wide range of canned vegetable products. The family of the third brother apparently, Mr. Dilip Thakkar, mainly Sameer Thakkar is running american dryfruits store now which also has a website( It sells dry fruits primarily and also some pickles and rice etc. in India as well as USA) via a company named MH Foods Limited.
ADF Foods built a plant at Nadiad in the beginning which was expanded from time to time and the company owns four plants in Nadiad today of which one is an Export Oriented Unit setup in 2003. It also built a plant for spices and masala at Nashik in 1994.
In 1965, it acquired the brand Camel from a local merchant at Crawford market looking at its popularity with the Arabs. Then in the 70s they lauched the brand Aeropalne which was targeting the Indians moving to the Gulf for giving them the Indian Taste. In 1988 they launched the brand Ashoka which was targeted towrds USA, Europe and Australia.
At present the company is run by Mr. Bimal Thakkar who has been instrumental in the IPO o the company and its further expansion is the Managing director of the company since a decade and is presently running the company and is also the Executive Chairman now after the resignation of his uncle Ashok Thakkar and his real brother Bhavesh Thakkar from the company in May 2018. This also marks the entry of Dangi Group through Alpana Dangi and Mentor Capital Limited who bought 14.32% stake in the company out of the 26.22% stake sold by Ashok Thakkar, Mishal Ashok Thakkar , Bhavesh Thakkar and Priyanka Bhavesh Thakkar bringing down the total promoter holding from 54.32% in March 2017 to 30.51% in June 2018. At present apparently the residual shareholding of the Ashok/Bhavesh group stands at 5.11% and Bimal Group holds 25.4% of the shareholding. Also independent director Naresh Kothari holds 1.89% equity in the company out of which 0.71% is still pledged with Edelweiss.
Dolly Khanna and Ashish Kacholia do not appear in the list now.
The company continues with its policy to do buyback in the beginning of every year with cap price of 300 for 30 crores this years also.
The company with increased focus on National brands is again announcing new launches in its annual report this year. The best thing is that the company has been able to deliver on the launches and also been able to bring success to its new launches from time to time.
However, it was strange to note that the company did not provide the detailed productwise break up of traded and manufactured goods as it used to do since the last decade as a note to the balance sheet for Revenues.
The company has also announced that it has appointed Country Managers for Europe, Levant Countries (Cyprus, IsraelIraq, Jordan,Lebanon, Palestine,Syria and Turkey) Canada and GCC, Asia and Africa.
Savio Almeida - Country Manager GCC, Levant,Asia Pacific and Africa , MBA From NMIMS , joined the company in January 2018, has an experience of 25 years and has previously worked for 5 years as GM,Sales with AMIRA, a NYSE listed company, the stock has though been a wealth destroyer from 22$ per share in 2014 to 1.70$ per share presently. Company is manufacturing in India based in UAE and is primarily selling Rice. It tries to sell Namkeen but looks like it failed miserably as the product is not visible online.
Vimal Bhalla, VP Sales USA promoted in April 2018, is with company since 15 years. He has sales experience in companies in the same field also like Ethnic foods, Maaza etc. He has done MBA from Delhi University.
Shailesh Thakkar, Country Head Europe and UK - MBA From London College of Mnagement and University of Mumbai Graduate has joined in April 2018 and has worked with companies like SOP International Limited(makes similar products) for 2 years, Empire Bespoke foods for 8 months and various other merchandising background.
Truly Indian - Chutney's , Pickles , Ready to Eat , Cooking Sauces, In Europe.The Pickle sells for about 3 EUR a jar of 300gms and reviews though very less are good. In USA A Delhi Lentils pack sells for 14$ and Potato for 7$, no reviews though. Here hte chutneys sell for about 9$.
PJ Organics - Mexican Flavour Health bUURITOS ETC. - the item was out of stock at most of the places.
As per talk to a large old shareholder , Bimal Thakkar will not be able to handle the business alone going forward and the company may witness some downside. However he himself claims the their target was 700 for the company and he had to sell midway in the company. The reason for their departure is quoted as some personal problems between Ashok, Bhavesh and Bimal.
The company was doing a turnover of 100 crores in 2010 which has increased to 200 crores now, hence the sales growth is not substantial however, the increase in margins and the in between disturbance / misadventure for opening a factor in the US can be a big reason for that.
However through these years company has managed to pare down debt substantially in the process and that has come from 42 crores to 9 crores in 5-6 years.
With the contract manufacturing model working in favour of the company , the company has been able to expand its margins and brought them back to pre USA adventure levels to 15-16%.
At the current market cap of 525 crores and turnover of 200 crores making a profit of 18 crores post tax in a debt free company the company's return profile can improve going forward if it is able to expand its sales in the near future.
However, leaving of promoters suddenly remains a concern. But it can be seen that the family is old and big, people parting ways does not become a big obstacle.
Company making profit of only 18 crores and having a market cap of 500 crores means it is at a very crazy valuation.
So at best the profit might improve to 40-45 crores in next 8 to years. Considering that the market cap of this company should be more like 150-200 crores.
All there is is a story, nothing makes it a case to invest. You are right that even the promoters might leave so no skin in the game in business. It is too small a business to be considered that a professional management might run it and promoters is not a key requirement. A skin in the game promoter is the only key requirement after valuations. And that is missing.
Disc - Not invested. Had looked at it earlier.
Consolidated turnover for half year ended Sept 18 is 118 crs and PAT is Rs.17.14 crs.
Has anyone been able to get a break-up of revenue from different segments and check if the growth is coming from new areas like frozen foods etc and hence the increase in margins?
I had attended the AGM and the growth is coming from frozen food area. In fact last few quarters the margin improvement too is largely due to change in the product mix (i.e. increasing contribution from the frozen food segment). Total contribution of frozen food has increased from 27-28% to 40% now.
Another interesting thing is that their US operations has reduced losses and even broken even. They are fairly confident about US market becoming profitable this year.
I also found management being candid about their past (especially lack of growth). However, in last one year the focus on growth has come back. They have appointed separate country manager for all key geography to drive sales (which till now was driven centrally by sales team). Though I do not have any concrete data, my sense was that management realized that they did not do enough to grow and are now doing course correction.
Discl: Small holding…more of a tracking position.
Referring to the managerial compensation, I am looking to understand couple of points.
Isn't 10% of PBT too high for a company where promoter holding for a small company is just 32% ?
If I refer to screener, I am not able to align the nos. of Revenue and PBT. Am I missing something ?
The Compensation has to be looked at not just as a %ge of PBT, but also as an absolute amount, as to what would the promoter of a company of 200 Cr turnover earn to maintain a certain lifestyle. Great promoters can be earning very low amount when the profits are not there, but those are very rare.
The Company was rated BBB+ last year, Feb-2018. No update on the rating. Any idea what is the reason.
Thanks for your right up… I am curious about the promoter stake sell of more than 20% in 2 year time span. Was there any specific reason for the same. Whether promoter commented anything on the same?


text:
Józef Jan Krukierek (ur. 15 marca 1888 w Krośnie, zm. 22 maja 1950 w Krośnie) – działacz społeczny, pedagog i publicysta.

Życiorys
Syn Jana, rolnika i Franciszki Zajdel. Ukończył męskie seminarium nauczycielskie w Krośnie, a następnie wstąpił do Legionów Polskich, służył w 6 Pułku Piechoty III Brygady. Po powrocie do Krosna podjął pracę nauczyciela, równolegle działając społecznie i udzielając się w życiu kulturalnym miasta. Założył i przez redagował "Głos Krośnieński", czasopismo będące organem Związku Legionistów Polskich i BBWR.

W latach 1928-1929 ukazało się osiem numerów Głosu. W pamięci potomnych Józef Krukierek zapisał się jako publicysta regionalny, w 1935 opublikował monografię "Paweł z Krosna", a rok później "Przewodnik turystyczny po Krośnie i okolicy". Był też jednym z pierwszych wydawców krośnieńskich pocztówek.

Za zasługi podczas służby w Legionach, a później za dokonania na rzecz regionu odznaczono Józefa Krukierka Złotym Krzyżem Zasługi, Krzyżem Legionowym, Medalem Niepodległości.

Przypisy

Ludzie urodzeni w Krośnie
Polscy działacze społeczni
Polscy publicyści
Odznaczeni Krzyżem Legionowym
Odznaczeni Krzyżem Niepodległości
Odznaczeni Złotym Krzyżem Zasługi
Urodzeni w 1888
Zmarli w 1950

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
(-) Accessibility
Habilitation and Rehabilitation
Health and Education
Participation in Cultural Recreation
Respect of Home and Family
(-) Mauritania
(-) Oman
(-) Qatar
UAE National Standard Classification of Disabilities (People of Determination) 2018 (Available in Arabic only)
Member State documents | 2018
Download PDFOpens a new window Learn more
U.A.E Universal Design Code
UAE National Strategy for Empowering People with Determination
Oman's Social Work Strategy 2016-2025 (Available in Arabic only)
Mauritania National Strategy for the Protection and Promotion of Persons with Disabilities (Available in Arabic only)
Bahrain's National Strategy for Persons with Disabilities (2012-2016) (Available in Arabic only)
Bahrain Cabinet Decision No. 50 for 2010 on Establishing the Disability Assessment Committee (Available in Arabic only)
Oman Ministerial Decision No. 124-2008 to Issue the Regulations for the Establishment of Rehabilitation Centers for Persons with Disabilities (Available in Arabic only)
Oman Ministerial Resolution No. 94 of 2008 Regarding the Regulation for the Issuance of a Disability Card (Available in Arabic only)
Oman Royal Decree No. 63 - 2008 Issuing the Law for the Care and Rehabilitation of Persons with Disabilities (Available in Arabic only)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
import imp
import operator
import sys
import time
from functools import wraps
from inspect import getargspec

import abc
import re
from adapt.intent import Intent, IntentBuilder
from os import listdir
from os.path import join, abspath, dirname, splitext, basename, exists

from mycroft.client.enclosure.api import EnclosureAPI
from mycroft.configuration import ConfigurationManager
from mycroft.dialog import DialogLoader
from mycroft.filesystem import FileSystemAccess
from mycroft.messagebus.message import Message
from mycroft.skills.settings import SkillSettings
from mycroft.util.log import LOG

MainModule = '__init__'

def load_vocab_from_file(path, vocab_type, emitter):
    """
        Load mycroft vocabulary from file. and send it on the message bus for
        the intent handler.

        Args:
            path:       path to vocabulary file (*.voc)
            vocab_type: keyword name
            emitter:    emitter to access the message bus
    """
    if path.endswith('.voc'):
        with open(path, 'r') as voc_file:
            for line in voc_file.readlines():
                parts = line.strip().split("|")
                entity = parts[0]

                emitter.emit(Message("register_vocab", {
                    'start': entity, 'end': vocab_type
                }))
                for alias in parts[1:]:
                    emitter.emit(Message("register_vocab", {
                        'start': alias, 'end': vocab_type, 'alias_of': entity
                    }))

def load_regex_from_file(path, emitter):
    """
        Load regex from file and send it on the message bus for
        the intent handler.

        Args:
            path:       path to vocabulary file (*.voc)
            emitter:    emitter to access the message bus
    """
    if path.endswith('.rx'):
        with open(path, 'r') as reg_file:
            for line in reg_file.readlines():
                re.compile(line.strip())
                emitter.emit(
                    Message("register_vocab", {'regex': line.strip()}))

def load_vocabulary(basedir, emitter):
    for vocab_type in listdir(basedir):
        if vocab_type.endswith(".voc"):
            load_vocab_from_file(
                join(basedir, vocab_type), splitext(vocab_type)[0], emitter)

def load_regex(basedir, emitter):
    for regex_type in listdir(basedir):
        if regex_type.endswith(".rx"):
            load_regex_from_file(
                join(basedir, regex_type), emitter)

def open_intent_envelope(message):
    """ Convert dictionary received over messagebus to Intent. """
    intent_dict = message.data
    return Intent(intent_dict.get('name'),
                  intent_dict.get('requires'),
                  intent_dict.get('at_least_one'),
                  intent_dict.get('optional'))

def load_skill(skill_descriptor, emitter, skill_id, BLACKLISTED_SKILLS=None):
    """
        load skill from skill descriptor.

        Args:
            skill_descriptor: descriptor of skill to load
            emitter:          messagebus emitter
            skill_id:         id number for skill
    """
    BLACKLISTED_SKILLS = BLACKLISTED_SKILLS or []
    try:
        LOG.info("ATTEMPTING TO LOAD SKILL: " + skill_descriptor["name"] +
                 " with ID " + str(skill_id))
        if skill_descriptor['name'] in BLACKLISTED_SKILLS:
            LOG.info("SKILL IS BLACKLISTED " + skill_descriptor["name"])
            return None
        skill_module = imp.load_module(
            skill_descriptor["name"] + MainModule, *skill_descriptor["info"])
        if (hasattr(skill_module, 'create_skill') and
                callable(skill_module.create_skill)):
            # v2 skills framework
            skill = skill_module.create_skill()
            skill.bind(emitter)
            skill.skill_id = skill_id
            skill.load_data_files(dirname(skill_descriptor['info'][1]))
            # Set up intent handlers
            skill.initialize()
            skill._register_decorated()
            LOG.info("Loaded " + skill_descriptor["name"])
            return skill
        else:
            LOG.warning(
                "Module %s does not appear to be skill" % (
                    skill_descriptor["name"]))
    except:
        LOG.error(
            "Failed to load skill: " + skill_descriptor["name"],
            exc_info=True)
    return None

def create_skill_descriptor(skill_folder):
    info = imp.find_module(MainModule, [skill_folder])
    return {"name": basename(skill_folder), "info": info}

def get_handler_name(handler):
    """
        Return name (including class if available) of handler
        function.

        Args:
            handler (function): Function to be named

        Returns: handler name as string
    """
    name = ''
    if '__self__' in dir(handler) and 'name' in dir(handler.__self__):
        name += handler.__self__.name + '.'
    name += handler.__name__
    return name

# Lists used when adding skill handlers using decorators
_intent_list = []
_intent_file_list = []

def intent_handler(intent_parser):
    """ Decorator for adding a method as an intent handler. """

    def real_decorator(func):
        @wraps(func)
        def handler_method(*args, **kwargs):
            return func(*args, **kwargs)

        _intent_list.append((intent_parser, func))
        return handler_method

    return real_decorator

def intent_file_handler(intent_file):
    """ Decorator for adding a method as an intent file handler. """

    def real_decorator(func):
        @wraps(func)
        def handler_method(*args, **kwargs):
            return func(*args, **kwargs)

        _intent_file_list.append((intent_file, func))
        return handler_method

    return real_decorator

class MycroftSkill(object):
    """
    Abstract base class which provides common behaviour and parameters to all
    Skills implementation.
    """

    def __init__(self, name=None, emitter=None):
        self.name = name or self.__class__.__name__
        # Get directory of skill
        self._dir = dirname(abspath(sys.modules[self.__module__].__file__))

        self.bind(emitter)
        self.config_core = ConfigurationManager.get()
        self.config = self.config_core.get(self.name)
        self.dialog_renderer = None
        self.vocab_dir = None
        self.file_system = FileSystemAccess(join('skills', self.name))
        self.registered_intents = []
        self.log = LOG.create_logger(self.name)
        self.reload_skill = True
        self.events = []
        self.skill_id = 0

    @property
    def location(self):
        """ Get the JSON data struction holding location information. """
        # TODO: Allow Enclosure to override this for devices that
        # contain a GPS.
        return self.config_core.get('location')

    @property
    def location_pretty(self):
        """ Get a more 'human' version of the location as a string. """
        loc = self.location
        if type(loc) is dict and loc["city"]:
            return loc["city"]["name"]
        return None

    @property
    def location_timezone(self):
        """ Get the timezone code, such as 'America/Los_Angeles' """
        loc = self.location
        if type(loc) is dict and loc["timezone"]:
            return loc["timezone"]["code"]
        return None

    @property
    def lang(self):
        return self.config_core.get('lang')

    @property
    def settings(self):
        """ Load settings if not already loaded. """
        try:
            return self._settings
        except:
            self._settings = SkillSettings(self._dir, self.name)
            return self._settings

    def bind(self, emitter):
        """ Register emitter with skill. """
        if emitter:
            self.emitter = emitter
            self.enclosure = EnclosureAPI(emitter, self.name)
            self.__register_stop()

    def __register_stop(self):
        self.stop_time = time.time()
        self.stop_threshold = self.config_core.get("skills").get(
            'stop_threshold')
        self.add_event('mycroft.stop', self.__handle_stop, False)

    def detach(self):
        for (name, intent) in self.registered_intents:
            name = str(self.skill_id) + ':' + name
            self.emitter.emit(Message("detach_intent", {"intent_name": name}))

    def initialize(self):
        """
        Initialization function to be implemented by all Skills.

        Usually used to create intents rules and register them.
        """
        LOG.debug("No initialize function implemented")

    def converse(self, utterances, lang="en-us"):
        """
            Handle conversation. This method can be used to override the normal
            intent handler after the skill has been invoked once.

            To enable this override thise converse method and return True to
            indicate that the utterance has been handled.

            Args:
                utterances: The utterances from the user
                lang:       language the utterance is in

            Returns:    True if an utterance was handled, otherwise False
        """
        return False

    def make_active(self):
        """
            Bump skill to active_skill list in intent_service
            this enables converse method to be called even without skill being
            used in last 5 minutes
        """
        self.emitter.emit(Message('active_skill_request',
                                  {"skill_id": self.skill_id}))

    def _register_decorated(self):
        """
        Register all intent handlers that has been decorated with an intent.
        """
        global _intent_list, _intent_file_list
        for intent_parser, handler in _intent_list:
            self.register_intent(intent_parser, handler, need_self=True)
        for intent_file, handler in _intent_file_list:
            self.register_intent_file(intent_file, handler, need_self=True)
        _intent_list = []
        _intent_file_list = []

    def add_event(self, name, handler, need_self=False):
        """
            Create event handler for executing intent

            Args:
                name:       IntentParser name
                handler:    method to call
                need_self:     optional parameter, when called from a decorated
                               intent handler the function will need the self
                               variable passed as well.
        """

        def wrapper(message):
            try:
                # Indicate that the skill handler is starting
                name = get_handler_name(handler)
                self.emitter.emit(Message("mycroft.skill.handler.start",
                                          data={'handler': name}))
                if need_self:
                    # When registring from decorator self is required
                    if len(getargspec(handler).args) == 2:
                        handler(self, message)
                    elif len(getargspec(handler).args) == 1:
                        handler(self)
                    elif len(getargspec(handler).args) == 0:
                        # Zero may indicate multiple decorators, trying the
                        # usual call signatures
                        try:
                            handler(self, message)
                        except TypeError:
                            handler(self)
                    else:
                        raise TypeError
                else:
                    if len(getargspec(handler).args) == 2:
                        handler(message)
                    elif len(getargspec(handler).args) == 1:
                        handler()
                    else:
                        raise TypeError
                self.settings.store()  # Store settings if they've changed
            except Exception as e:
                # TODO: Localize
                self.speak(
                    "An error occurred while processing a request in " +
                    self.name)
                LOG.error(
                    "An error occurred while processing a request in " +
                    self.name, exc_info=True)
                # indicate completion with exception
                self.emitter.emit(Message('mycroft.skill.handler.complete',
                                          data={'handler': name,
                                                'exception': e.message}))
            # Indicate that the skill handler has completed
            self.emitter.emit(Message('mycroft.skill.handler.complete',
                                      data={'handler': name}))

        if handler:
            self.emitter.on(name, wrapper)
            self.events.append((name, wrapper))

    def register_intent(self, intent_parser, handler, need_self=False):
        """
            Register an Intent with the intent service.

            Args:
                intent_parser: Intent or IntentBuilder object to parse
                               utterance for the handler.
                handler:       function to register with intent
                need_self:     optional parameter, when called from a decorated
                               intent handler the function will need the self
                               variable passed as well.
        """
        if type(intent_parser) == IntentBuilder:
            intent_parser = intent_parser.build()
        elif type(intent_parser) != Intent:
            raise ValueError('intent_parser is not an Intent')

        name = intent_parser.name
        intent_parser.name = str(self.skill_id) + ':' + intent_parser.name
        self.emitter.emit(Message("register_intent", intent_parser.__dict__))
        self.registered_intents.append((name, intent_parser))
        self.add_event(intent_parser.name, handler, need_self)

    def register_intent_file(self, intent_file, handler, need_self=False):
        """
            Register an Intent file with the intent service.
            For example:

            === food.order.intent ===
            Order some {food}.
            Order some {food} from {place}.
            I'm hungry.
            Grab some {food} from {place}.

            Optionally, you can also use <register_entity_file>
            to specify some examples of {food} and {place}

            In addition, instead of writing out multiple variations
            of the same sentence you can write:

            === food.order.intent ===
            (Order | Grab) some {food} (from {place} | ).
            I'm hungry.

            Args:
                intent_file: name of file that contains example queries
                             that should activate the intent
                handler:     function to register with intent
                need_self:   use for decorator. See <register_intent>
        """
        name = str(self.skill_id) + ':' + intent_file
        self.emitter.emit(Message("padatious:register_intent", {
            "file_name": join(self.vocab_dir, intent_file),
            "name": name
        }))
        self.add_event(name, handler, need_self)

    def register_entity_file(self, entity_file):
        """
            Register an Entity file with the intent service.
            And Entity file lists the exact values that an entity can hold.
            For example:

            === ask.day.intent ===
            Is it {weekday}?

            === weekday.entity ===
            Monday
            Tuesday
            ...

            Args:
                entity_file: name of file that contains examples
                             of an entity. Must end with .entity
        """
        if '.entity' not in entity_file:
            raise ValueError('Invalid entity filename: ' + entity_file)
        name = str(self.skill_id) + ':' + entity_file.replace('.entity', '')
        self.emitter.emit(Message("padatious:register_entity", {
            "file_name": join(self.vocab_dir, entity_file),
            "name": name
        }))

    def disable_intent(self, intent_name):
        """Disable a registered intent"""
        LOG.debug('Disabling intent ' + intent_name)
        name = str(self.skill_id) + ':' + intent_name
        self.emitter.emit(Message("detach_intent", {"intent_name": name}))

    def enable_intent(self, intent_name):
        """Reenable a registered intent"""
        for (name, intent) in self.registered_intents:
            if name == intent_name:
                self.registered_intents.remove((name, intent))
                intent.name = name
                self.register_intent(intent, None)
                LOG.debug('Enabling intent ' + intent_name)
                break
            else:
                LOG.error('Could not enable ' + intent_name +
                          ', it hasn\'t been registered.')

    def set_context(self, context, word=''):
        """
            Add context to intent service

            Args:
                context:    Keyword
                word:       word connected to keyword
        """
        if not isinstance(context, basestring):
            raise ValueError('context should be a string')
        if not isinstance(word, basestring):
            raise ValueError('word should be a string')
        self.emitter.emit(Message('add_context',
                                  {'context': context, 'word': word}))

    def remove_context(self, context):
        """
            remove_context removes a keyword from from the context manager.
        """
        if not isinstance(context, basestring):
            raise ValueError('context should be a string')
        self.emitter.emit(Message('remove_context', {'context': context}))

    def register_vocabulary(self, entity, entity_type):
        """ Register a word to an keyword

            Args:
                entity:         word to register
                entity_type:    Intent handler entity to tie the word to
        """
        self.emitter.emit(Message('register_vocab', {
            'start': entity, 'end': entity_type
        }))

    def register_regex(self, regex_str):
        re.compile(regex_str)  # validate regex
        self.emitter.emit(Message('register_vocab', {'regex': regex_str}))

    def speak(self, utterance, expect_response=False):
        """
            Speak a sentence.

            Args:
                utterance:          sentence mycroft should speak
                expect_response:    set to True if Mycroft should expect a
                                    response from the user and start listening
                                    for response.
        """
        # registers the skill as being active
        self.enclosure.register(self.name)
        data = {'utterance': utterance,
                'expect_response': expect_response}
        self.emitter.emit(Message("speak", data))

    def speak_dialog(self, key, data=None, expect_response=False):
        """
            Speak sentance based of dialog file.

            Args
                key: dialog file key (filname without extension)
                data: information to populate sentence with
                expect_response:    set to True if Mycroft should expect a
                                    response from the user and start listening
                                    for response.
        """
        data = data or {}
        self.speak(self.dialog_renderer.render(key, data), expect_response)

    def init_dialog(self, root_directory):
        dialog_dir = join(root_directory, 'dialog', self.lang)
        if exists(dialog_dir):
            self.dialog_renderer = DialogLoader().load(dialog_dir)
        else:
            LOG.debug('No dialog loaded, ' + dialog_dir + ' does not exist')

    def load_data_files(self, root_directory):
        self.init_dialog(root_directory)
        self.load_vocab_files(join(root_directory, 'vocab', self.lang))
        regex_path = join(root_directory, 'regex', self.lang)
        if exists(regex_path):
            self.load_regex_files(regex_path)

    def load_vocab_files(self, vocab_dir):
        self.vocab_dir = vocab_dir
        if exists(vocab_dir):
            load_vocabulary(vocab_dir, self.emitter)
        else:
            LOG.debug('No vocab loaded, ' + vocab_dir + ' does not exist')

    def load_regex_files(self, regex_dir):
        load_regex(regex_dir, self.emitter)

    def __handle_stop(self, event):
        """
            Handler for the "mycroft.stop" signal. Runs the user defined
            `stop()` method.
        """
        self.stop_time = time.time()
        try:
            self.stop()
        except:
            LOG.error("Failed to stop skill: {}".format(self.name),
                      exc_info=True)

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def stop(self):
        pass

    def is_stop(self):
        passed_time = time.time() - self.stop_time
        return passed_time < self.stop_threshold

    def shutdown(self):
        """
        This method is intended to be called during the skill
        process termination. The skill implementation must
        shutdown all processes and operations in execution.
        """
        # Store settings
        self.settings.store()
        self.settings.is_alive = False
        # removing events
        for e, f in self.events:
            self.emitter.remove(e, f)
        self.events = None  # Remove reference to wrappers

        self.emitter.emit(
            Message("detach_skill", {"skill_id": str(self.skill_id) + ":"}))
        try:
            self.stop()
        except:
            LOG.error("Failed to stop skill: {}".format(self.name),
                      exc_info=True)

    def _unique_name(self, name):
        """
            Return a name unique to this skill using the format
            [skill_id]:[name].

            Args:
                name:   Name to use internally

            returns: name unique to this skill
        """
        return str(self.skill_id) + ':' + name

    def _schedule_event(self, handler, when, data=None, name=None,
                        repeat=None):
        """
            Underlying method for schedle_event and schedule_repeating_event.
            Takes scheduling information and sends it of on the message bus.
        """
        data = data or {}
        if not name:
            name = self.name + handler.__name__
        name = self._unique_name(name)

        self.add_event(name, handler, False)
        event_data = {}
        event_data['time'] = time.mktime(when.timetuple())
        event_data['event'] = name
        event_data['repeat'] = repeat
        event_data['data'] = data
        self.emitter.emit(Message('mycroft.scheduler.schedule_event',
                                  data=event_data))

    def schedule_event(self, handler, when, data=None, name=None):
        """
            Schedule a single event.

            Args:
                handler:               method to be called
                when (datetime):       when the handler should be called
                data (dict, optional): data to send when the handler is called
                name (str, optional):  friendly name parameter
        """
        data = data or {}
        self._schedule_event(handler, when, data, name)

    def schedule_repeating_event(self, handler, when, frequency,
                                 data=None, name=None):
        """
            Schedule a repeating event.

            Args:
                handler:                method to be called
                when (datetime):        time for calling the handler
                frequency (float/int):  time in seconds between calls
                data (dict, optional):  data to send along to the handler
                name (str, optional):   friendly name parameter
        """
        data = data or {}
        self._schedule_event(handler, when, data, name, frequency)

    def update_event(self, name, data=None):
        """
            Change data of event.

            Args:
                name (str):   Name of event
        """
        data = data or {}
        data = {
            'event': self._unique_name(name),
            'data': data
        }
        self.emitter.emit(Message('mycroft.schedule.update_event', data=data))

    def cancel_event(self, name):
        """
            Cancel a pending event. The event will no longer be scheduled
            to be executed

            Args:
                name (str):   Name of event
        """
        data = {'event': self._unique_name(name)}
        self.emitter.emit(Message('mycroft.scheduler.remove_event', data=data))

class FallbackSkill(MycroftSkill):
    """
        FallbackSkill is used to declare a fallback to be called when
        no skill is matching an intent. The fallbackSkill implements a
        number of fallback handlers to be called in an order determined
        by their priority.
    """
    fallback_handlers = {}

    def __init__(self, name=None, emitter=None):
        MycroftSkill.__init__(self, name, emitter)

        #  list of fallback handlers registered by this instance
        self.instance_fallback_handlers = []

    @classmethod
    def make_intent_failure_handler(cls, ws):
        """Goes through all fallback handlers until one returns True"""

        def handler(message):
            # indicate fallback handling start
            ws.emit(Message("mycroft.skill.handler.start",
                            data={'handler': "fallback"}))
            for _, handler in sorted(cls.fallback_handlers.items(),
                                     key=operator.itemgetter(0)):
                try:
                    if handler(message):
                        #  indicate completion
                        ws.emit(Message(
                            'mycroft.skill.handler.complete',
                            data={'handler': "fallback",
                                  "fallback_handler": get_handler_name(
                                      handler)}))
                        return
                except Exception as e:
                    LOG.info('Exception in fallback: ' + str(e))
            ws.emit(Message('complete_intent_failure'))
            LOG.warning('No fallback could handle intent.')
            #  indicate completion with exception
            ws.emit(Message('mycroft.skill.handler.complete',
                            data={'handler': "fallback",
                                  'exception':
                                      "No fallback could handle intent."}))

        return handler

    @classmethod
    def _register_fallback(cls, handler, priority):
        """
        Register a function to be called as a general info fallback
        Fallback should receive message and return
        a boolean (True if succeeded or False if failed)

        Lower priority gets run first
        0 for high priority 100 for low priority
        """
        while priority in cls.fallback_handlers:
            priority += 1

        cls.fallback_handlers[priority] = handler

    def register_fallback(self, handler, priority):
        """
            register a fallback with the list of fallback handlers
            and with the list of handlers registered by this instance
        """
        self.instance_fallback_handlers.append(handler)
        self._register_fallback(handler, priority)

    @classmethod
    def remove_fallback(cls, handler_to_del):
        """
            Remove a fallback handler

            Args:
                handler_to_del: reference to handler
        """
        for priority, handler in cls.fallback_handlers.items():
            if handler == handler_to_del:
                del cls.fallback_handlers[priority]
                return
        LOG.warning('Could not remove fallback!')

    def remove_instance_handlers(self):
        """
            Remove all fallback handlers registered by the fallback skill.
        """
        while len(self.instance_fallback_handlers):
            handler = self.instance_fallback_handlers.pop()
            self.remove_fallback(handler)

    def shutdown(self):
        """
            Remove all registered handlers and perform skill shutdown.
        """
        self.remove_instance_handlers()
        super(FallbackSkill, self).shutdown()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
namespace {

const char kFieldTrialName[] = "PasswordManagerSettingsMigration";
const char kEnabledGroupName[] = "Enable";
const char kDisabledGroupName[] = "Disable";

const char kInitialValuesHistogramName[] =
    "PasswordManager.SettingsReconciliation.InitialValues";

const char kInitialAndFinalValuesHistogramName[] =
    "PasswordManager.SettingsReconciliation.InitialAndFinalValues";

enum BooleanPrefState {
  OFF,
  ON,
  EMPTY,  // datatype bucket is empty
};

// Enum used for histogram tracking of the initial values for the legacy and new
// preferences.
enum PasswordManagerPreferencesInitialValues {
  N0L0,
  N0L1,
  N1L0,
  N1L1,
  NUM_INITIAL_VALUES,
};

// Enum used for histogram tracking of the combined initial values and final
// values for the legacy and new preferences.
enum PasswordManagerPreferencesInitialAndFinalValues {
  I00F00,
  I00F01,
  I00F10,
  I00F11,
  I01F00,
  I01F01,
  I01F10,
  I01F11,
  I10F00,
  I10F01,
  I10F10,
  I10F11,
  I11F00,
  I11F01,
  I11F10,
  I11F11,
  NUM_INITIAL_AND_FINAL_VALUES,
};

syncer::SyncData CreatePrefSyncData(const std::string& name, bool value) {
  base::FundamentalValue bool_value(value);
  std::string serialized;
  base::JSONWriter::Write(bool_value, &serialized);
  sync_pb::EntitySpecifics specifics;
  sync_pb::PreferenceSpecifics* pref = nullptr;
  if (name == password_manager::prefs::kPasswordManagerSavingEnabled)
    pref = specifics.mutable_preference();
  else if (name == password_manager::prefs::kCredentialsEnableService)
    pref = specifics.mutable_priority_preference()->mutable_preference();
  else
    NOTREACHED() << "Wrong preference name: " << name;
  pref->set_name(name);
  pref->set_value(serialized);
  return syncer::SyncData::CreateRemoteData(
      1, specifics, base::Time(), syncer::AttachmentIdList(),
      syncer::AttachmentServiceProxyForTest::Create());
}

// Emulates start of the syncing for the specific sync type. If |name| is
// kPasswordManagerSavingEnabled preference, then it's PREFERENCE data type.
// If |name| is kCredentialsEnableService  pref, then it's PRIORITY_PREFERENCE
// data type.
void StartSyncingPref(sync_preferences::PrefServiceSyncable* prefs,
                      const std::string& name,
                      BooleanPrefState pref_state_in_sync) {
  syncer::SyncDataList sync_data_list;
  if (pref_state_in_sync == EMPTY) {
    sync_data_list = syncer::SyncDataList();
  } else {
    sync_data_list.push_back(
        CreatePrefSyncData(name, pref_state_in_sync == ON));
  }

  syncer::ModelType type = syncer::UNSPECIFIED;
  if (name == password_manager::prefs::kPasswordManagerSavingEnabled)
    type = syncer::PREFERENCES;
  else if (name == password_manager::prefs::kCredentialsEnableService)
    type = syncer::PRIORITY_PREFERENCES;
  ASSERT_NE(syncer::UNSPECIFIED, type) << "Wrong preference name: " << name;
  syncer::SyncableService* sync = prefs->GetSyncableService(type);
  sync->MergeDataAndStartSyncing(type, sync_data_list,
                                 std::unique_ptr<syncer::SyncChangeProcessor>(
                                     new syncer::FakeSyncChangeProcessor),
                                 std::unique_ptr<syncer::SyncErrorFactory>(
                                     new syncer::SyncErrorFactoryMock));
}

class SyncServiceMock : public syncer::FakeSyncService {
 public:
  bool IsFirstSetupComplete() const override { return true; }

  bool CanSyncStart() const override { return can_sync_start_; }

  void SetCanSyncStart(bool can_sync_start) {
    can_sync_start_ = can_sync_start;
  }

 private:
  bool can_sync_start_ = true;
};

class TestPrefModelAssociatorClient
    : public sync_preferences::PrefModelAssociatorClient {
 public:
  TestPrefModelAssociatorClient() {}
  ~TestPrefModelAssociatorClient() override {}

  // PrefModelAssociatorClient implementation.
  bool IsMergeableListPreference(const std::string& pref_name) const override {
    return false;
  }

  bool IsMergeableDictionaryPreference(
      const std::string& pref_name) const override {
    return false;
  }

 private:
  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(TestPrefModelAssociatorClient);
};

}  // namespace

namespace password_manager {

class PasswordManagerSettingMigratorServiceTest : public testing::Test {
 protected:
  PasswordManagerSettingMigratorServiceTest() {}
  ~PasswordManagerSettingMigratorServiceTest() override {}

  void SetUp() override {
    SetupPreferenceMigrationEnvironment();
    EnforcePasswordManagerSettingMigrationExperiment(kEnabledGroupName);
  }

  void SetupLocalPrefState(const std::string& name, BooleanPrefState state) {
    if (state == ON)
      prefs()->SetBoolean(name, true);
    else if (state == OFF)
      prefs()->SetBoolean(name, false);
    else if (state == EMPTY)
      ASSERT_TRUE(prefs()->FindPreference(name)->IsDefaultValue());
  }

  sync_preferences::PrefServiceSyncable* prefs() { return pref_service_.get(); }

  void SetupPreferenceMigrationEnvironment() {
    sync_preferences::PrefServiceMockFactory factory;
    factory.SetPrefModelAssociatorClient(&client_);
    scoped_refptr<user_prefs::PrefRegistrySyncable> pref_registry(
        new user_prefs::PrefRegistrySyncable);
    password_manager::PasswordManager::RegisterProfilePrefs(
        pref_registry.get());
    std::unique_ptr<sync_preferences::PrefServiceSyncable>
        pref_service_syncable = factory.CreateSyncable(pref_registry.get());
    migration_service_.reset(
        new PasswordManagerSettingMigratorService(pref_service_syncable.get()));
    pref_service_.reset(pref_service_syncable.release());
  }

  void ExpectValuesForBothPrefValues(bool new_pref_value, bool old_pref_value) {
    EXPECT_EQ(new_pref_value,
              prefs()->GetBoolean(prefs::kCredentialsEnableService));
    EXPECT_EQ(old_pref_value,
              prefs()->GetBoolean(prefs::kPasswordManagerSavingEnabled));
  }

  SyncServiceMock* profile_sync_service() { return &sync_service_; }

  void NotifyProfileAdded() {
    migration_service_->InitializeMigration(&sync_service_);
  }

  void EnforcePasswordManagerSettingMigrationExperiment(const char* name) {
    // The existing instance of FieldTrialList should be deleted before creating
    // new one, so reset() is called in order to do so.
    field_trial_list_.reset();
    field_trial_list_.reset(new base::FieldTrialList(nullptr));
    base::FieldTrialList::CreateFieldTrial(kFieldTrialName, name);
  }

 private:
  std::unique_ptr<base::FieldTrialList> field_trial_list_;
  TestPrefModelAssociatorClient client_;
  SyncServiceMock sync_service_;
  std::unique_ptr<sync_preferences::PrefServiceSyncable> pref_service_;
  std::unique_ptr<PasswordManagerSettingMigratorService> migration_service_;

  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(PasswordManagerSettingMigratorServiceTest);
};

TEST_F(PasswordManagerSettingMigratorServiceTest, TestMigrationOnLocalChanges) {
  const struct {
    const char* group;
    const char* pref_name;
    bool pref_value;
    bool expected_new_pref_value;
    bool expected_old_pref_value;
  } kTestingTable[] = {
      {kEnabledGroupName, prefs::kPasswordManagerSavingEnabled, true, true,
       true},
      {kEnabledGroupName, prefs::kPasswordManagerSavingEnabled, false, false,
       false},
      {kEnabledGroupName, prefs::kCredentialsEnableService, true, true, true},
      {kEnabledGroupName, prefs::kCredentialsEnableService, false, false,
       false},
      {kDisabledGroupName, prefs::kPasswordManagerSavingEnabled, false, true,
       false},
      {kDisabledGroupName, prefs::kCredentialsEnableService, false, false,
       true}};

  for (const auto& test_case : kTestingTable) {
    SetupPreferenceMigrationEnvironment();
    EnforcePasswordManagerSettingMigrationExperiment(test_case.group);
    prefs()->SetBoolean(prefs::kCredentialsEnableService,
                        !test_case.pref_value);
    prefs()->SetBoolean(prefs::kPasswordManagerSavingEnabled,
                        !test_case.pref_value);
    NotifyProfileAdded();
    base::HistogramTester tester;
    prefs()->SetBoolean(test_case.pref_name, test_case.pref_value);
    ExpectValuesForBothPrefValues(test_case.expected_new_pref_value,
                                  test_case.expected_old_pref_value);
    EXPECT_THAT(tester.GetAllSamples(kInitialValuesHistogramName),
                testing::IsEmpty());
  }
}

TEST_F(PasswordManagerSettingMigratorServiceTest,
       ReconcileWhenWhenBothPrefsTypesArrivesFromSync) {
  const struct {
    BooleanPrefState new_pref_local_value;
    BooleanPrefState old_pref_local_value;
    BooleanPrefState new_pref_sync_value;
    BooleanPrefState old_pref_sync_value;
    bool result_value;
    PasswordManagerPreferencesInitialValues histogram_initial_value;
    PasswordManagerPreferencesInitialAndFinalValues histogram_initial_and_final;
  } kTestingTable[] = {
#if defined(OS_ANDROID) || defined(OS_IOS)
    {ON, OFF, ON, EMPTY, false, N1L0, I10F00},
    {ON, OFF, OFF, EMPTY, false, N1L0, I10F00},
    {ON, OFF, EMPTY, EMPTY, false, N1L0, I10F00},
    {ON, ON, ON, EMPTY, true, N1L1, I11F11},
    {ON, ON, OFF, EMPTY, false, N1L1, I11F00},
    {OFF, OFF, ON, EMPTY, true, N0L0, I00F11},
    {OFF, OFF, OFF, EMPTY, false, N0L0, I00F00},
    {OFF, ON, ON, EMPTY, true, N0L1, I01F11},
    {OFF, ON, OFF, EMPTY, false, N0L1, I01F00},
    {OFF, ON, EMPTY, EMPTY, false, N0L1, I01F00},
#else
    {EMPTY, EMPTY, EMPTY, EMPTY, true, N1L1, I11F11},
    {EMPTY, EMPTY, EMPTY, OFF, false, N1L1, I11F00},
    {EMPTY, EMPTY, EMPTY, ON, true, N1L1, I11F11},
    {EMPTY, EMPTY, OFF, EMPTY, false, N1L1, I11F00},
    {EMPTY, EMPTY, ON, EMPTY, true, N1L1, I11F11},
    {OFF, OFF, EMPTY, EMPTY, false, N0L0, I00F00},
    {OFF, OFF, OFF, OFF, false, N0L0, I00F00},
    {OFF, OFF, OFF, ON, true, N0L0, I00F11},
    {OFF, OFF, ON, OFF, true, N0L0, I00F11},
    {OFF, ON, OFF, ON, false, N0L1, I01F00},
    {OFF, ON, ON, OFF, false, N0L1, I01F00},
    {OFF, ON, ON, ON, true, N0L1, I01F11},
    {ON, OFF, EMPTY, EMPTY, false, N1L0, I10F00},
    {ON, OFF, OFF, ON, false, N1L0, I10F00},
    {ON, OFF, ON, OFF, false, N1L0, I10F00},
    {ON, OFF, ON, ON, true, N1L0, I10F11},
    {ON, ON, EMPTY, OFF, false, N1L1, I11F00},
    {ON, ON, EMPTY, ON, true, N1L1, I11F11},
    {ON, ON, OFF, EMPTY, false, N1L1, I11F00},
    {ON, ON, OFF, OFF, false, N1L1, I11F00},
    {ON, ON, OFF, ON, false, N1L1, I11F00},
    {ON, ON, ON, EMPTY, true, N1L1, I11F11},
    {ON, ON, ON, OFF, false, N1L1, I11F00},
    {ON, ON, ON, ON, true, N1L1, I11F11},
#endif
  };

  for (const auto& test_case : kTestingTable) {
    SetupPreferenceMigrationEnvironment();
    EnforcePasswordManagerSettingMigrationExperiment(kEnabledGroupName);
    SCOPED_TRACE(testing::Message("Local data = ")
                 << test_case.new_pref_local_value << " "
                 << test_case.old_pref_local_value);
    SCOPED_TRACE(testing::Message("Sync data = ")
                 << test_case.new_pref_sync_value << " "
                 << test_case.old_pref_sync_value);
    SetupLocalPrefState(prefs::kPasswordManagerSavingEnabled,
                        test_case.old_pref_local_value);
    SetupLocalPrefState(prefs::kCredentialsEnableService,
                        test_case.new_pref_local_value);
    base::HistogramTester tester;
    NotifyProfileAdded();
    StartSyncingPref(prefs(), prefs::kCredentialsEnableService,
                     test_case.new_pref_sync_value);
#if !defined(OS_ANDROID) && !defined(OS_IOS)
    StartSyncingPref(prefs(), prefs::kPasswordManagerSavingEnabled,
                     test_case.old_pref_sync_value);
#endif
    ExpectValuesForBothPrefValues(test_case.result_value,
                                  test_case.result_value);
    EXPECT_THAT(tester.GetAllSamples(kInitialValuesHistogramName),
                testing::ElementsAre(
                    base::Bucket(test_case.histogram_initial_value, 1)));
    EXPECT_THAT(tester.GetAllSamples(kInitialAndFinalValuesHistogramName),
                testing::ElementsAre(
                    base::Bucket(test_case.histogram_initial_and_final, 1)));
  }
}

TEST_F(PasswordManagerSettingMigratorServiceTest,
       DoNotReconcileWhenWhenBothPrefsTypesArrivesFromSync) {
  const struct {
    BooleanPrefState new_pref_local_value;
    BooleanPrefState old_pref_local_value;
    BooleanPrefState new_pref_sync_value;
    BooleanPrefState old_pref_sync_value;
    bool result_new_pref_value;
    bool result_old_pref_value;
    PasswordManagerPreferencesInitialValues histogram_initial_value;
  } kTestingTable[] = {
#if defined(OS_ANDROID) || defined(OS_IOS)
    {ON, OFF, ON, EMPTY, true, false, N1L0},
    {ON, OFF, OFF, EMPTY, false, false, N1L0},
    {ON, OFF, EMPTY, EMPTY, true, false, N1L0},
    {ON, ON, ON, EMPTY, true, true, N1L1},
    {ON, ON, OFF, EMPTY, false, true, N1L1},
    {OFF, OFF, ON, EMPTY, true, false, N0L0},
    {OFF, OFF, OFF, EMPTY, false, false, N0L0},
    {OFF, ON, ON, EMPTY, true, true, N0L1},
    {OFF, ON, OFF, EMPTY, false, true, N0L1},
    {OFF, ON, EMPTY, EMPTY, false, true, N0L1},
#else
    {OFF, OFF, OFF, ON, false, true, N0L0},
    {OFF, OFF, ON, OFF, true, false, N0L0},
    {OFF, OFF, ON, ON, true, true, N0L0},
    {OFF, ON, EMPTY, OFF, false, false, N0L1},
    {OFF, ON, EMPTY, ON, false, true, N0L1},
    {OFF, ON, OFF, EMPTY, false, true, N0L1},
    {OFF, ON, OFF, OFF, false, false, N0L1},
    {OFF, ON, OFF, ON, false, true, N0L1},
    {OFF, ON, ON, EMPTY, true, true, N0L1},
    {OFF, ON, ON, OFF, true, false, N0L1},
    {OFF, ON, ON, ON, true, true, N0L1},
    {ON, OFF, OFF, ON, false, true, N1L0},
    {ON, OFF, ON, OFF, true, false, N1L0},
    {ON, OFF, ON, ON, true, true, N1L0},
    {ON, ON, EMPTY, OFF, true, false, N1L1},
    {ON, ON, EMPTY, ON, true, true, N1L1},
    {ON, ON, OFF, EMPTY, false, true, N1L1},
    {ON, ON, OFF, OFF, false, false, N1L1},
    {ON, ON, OFF, ON, false, true, N1L1},
    {ON, ON, ON, EMPTY, true, true, N1L1},
    {ON, ON, ON, OFF, true, false, N1L1},
    {ON, ON, ON, ON, true, true, N1L1},
#endif
  };

  for (const auto& test_case : kTestingTable) {
    SetupPreferenceMigrationEnvironment();
    EnforcePasswordManagerSettingMigrationExperiment(kDisabledGroupName);
    SCOPED_TRACE(testing::Message("Local data = ")
                 << test_case.new_pref_local_value << " "
                 << test_case.old_pref_local_value);
    SCOPED_TRACE(testing::Message("Sync data = ")
                 << test_case.new_pref_sync_value << " "
                 << test_case.old_pref_sync_value);
    SetupLocalPrefState(prefs::kPasswordManagerSavingEnabled,
                        test_case.old_pref_local_value);
    SetupLocalPrefState(prefs::kCredentialsEnableService,
                        test_case.new_pref_local_value);
    base::HistogramTester tester;
    NotifyProfileAdded();
    StartSyncingPref(prefs(), prefs::kCredentialsEnableService,
                     test_case.new_pref_sync_value);
#if !defined(OS_ANDROID) && !defined(OS_IOS)
    StartSyncingPref(prefs(), prefs::kPasswordManagerSavingEnabled,
                     test_case.old_pref_sync_value);
#endif
    ExpectValuesForBothPrefValues(test_case.result_new_pref_value,
                                  test_case.result_old_pref_value);
    EXPECT_THAT(tester.GetAllSamples(kInitialValuesHistogramName),
                testing::ElementsAre(
                    base::Bucket(test_case.histogram_initial_value, 1)));
    EXPECT_THAT(tester.GetAllSamples(kInitialAndFinalValuesHistogramName),
                testing::IsEmpty());
  }
}

TEST_F(PasswordManagerSettingMigratorServiceTest,
       ReconcileWhenSyncIsNotExpectedPasswordManagerEnabledOff) {
  prefs()->SetBoolean(prefs::kPasswordManagerSavingEnabled, false);
  profile_sync_service()->SetCanSyncStart(false);
  base::HistogramTester tester;
  NotifyProfileAdded();
  ExpectValuesForBothPrefValues(false, false);
  EXPECT_THAT(tester.GetAllSamples(kInitialAndFinalValuesHistogramName),
              testing::ElementsAre(base::Bucket(I10F00, 1)));
}

TEST_F(PasswordManagerSettingMigratorServiceTest,
       ReconcileWhenSyncIsNotExpectedPasswordManagerEnabledOn) {
  prefs()->SetBoolean(prefs::kPasswordManagerSavingEnabled, true);
  ASSERT_EQ(prefs()->GetBoolean(prefs::kCredentialsEnableService), true);
  profile_sync_service()->SetCanSyncStart(false);
  base::HistogramTester tester;
  NotifyProfileAdded();
  ExpectValuesForBothPrefValues(true, true);
  EXPECT_THAT(tester.GetAllSamples(kInitialAndFinalValuesHistogramName),
              testing::ElementsAre(base::Bucket(I11F11, 1)));
}

TEST_F(PasswordManagerSettingMigratorServiceTest,
       ReconcileWhenSyncIsNotExpectedDefaultValuesForPrefs) {
  ASSERT_EQ(prefs()->GetBoolean(prefs::kCredentialsEnableService), true);
  profile_sync_service()->SetCanSyncStart(false);
  base::HistogramTester tester;
  NotifyProfileAdded();
  ExpectValuesForBothPrefValues(true, true);
  EXPECT_THAT(tester.GetAllSamples(kInitialAndFinalValuesHistogramName),
              testing::ElementsAre(base::Bucket(I11F11, 1)));
}

}  // namespace password_manager


Should you be Selling Personalized Children's Apparel?
Personalized children's apparel is an attractive market that isn't as saturated as graphic tees for adults leaving plenty of room for growth. Parents, grandparents, aunts, uncles, and family friends are eager to offer a unique gift to the newest member of the community. The events that mark the journey of a child into adulthood provide plenty of opportunity for repeat sales and even referral business from community mommy groups and neighbors that notice on your children's wear designs.
Experiment with different design styles to see which get the most attention. Some popular trends in infant and toddler designs include monograms, slogans, and family status identification like "Big Sister" in text or "My Little Brother is a Cat" in text. Even if you find many instances of your idea already for sale, you can stand apart from the competition with your choice of fonts or combinations of fonts and artistic style.
Typography is the visual representation of your text. There is a ton of opportunity when you play with typography in your design. Although for certain t-shirt or onesie designs plainly formatted words work well.
When designing infant and toddler wear or anything that is intended for children 12 years of age or under, it's the law that the products you print the design on have a Children's Product Certificate (CPC). This is the portion of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA) governing products intended for children. Fortunately, if you're using the children's products we feature on our t-shirt printing website, you don't need to worry about this since our baby apparel products have already been vetted and cleared.
Coming up with outstanding designs is just part of the process. Once you have your garments printed, it's time to test the market to see if everyone else is just as impressed. Fortunately, you don't have to print a lot of samples simply to test the viability of the design. Our no minimum required toddler t-shirts and infant onesies are ideal for test printing. We currently carry Rabbit Skins infant and toddler tees plus bodysuits. We offer youth size no minimum required products as well including Hanes, Augusta, and Rabbit Skins.
What's the difference between these products and products that require six or more in the order? The apparel items featured on our t-shirt printing website are comprised of many different blends of fabric. Some are suitable for both screen printing and digital printing but some are only suitable for screen printing at our facility. Digital printing, perfect for single orders or test prints require apparel made from 100% cotton.
If you believe through your market testing that you've come up with a winning design for large scale production, our bulk pricing on screen printed apparel is very advantageous for your profitability. Selling uniquely designed garments online is one way to gain a lot of exposure but taking on the building and maintenance of a website might not be your thing. Here are some alternative options to marketing and selling your design without the hassle of building your own website.
The Etsy marketplace is ideal for uniquely made items. The makeup of Etsy's traffic is 86% women and since women account for 85% of all consumer purchases, this is a fantastic market. A tremendous amount of the referral traffic Etsy receives is from Pinterest, so make sure to pin your designs and include a generous description of the product in the pin.
Artfire is another indie style marketplace that puts buyers and sellers together. You are able to create an account and sell your decorated apparel as long as it's your custom design and does not include any licensed imagery. If you are using any licensed imagery there is a commercial option as well.
eBay isn't just for used stuff, anyone can create and sell on eBay. The beauty of using a site like this is you don't have to drive traffic yourself. There is a lot of competition of course, so you're design, presentation, and of course garment pricing needs to be competitive.
Another advantage to using already established online marketplaces is you may be less susceptible to swings in search engine placement. Obviously you can test an established online marketplace and create your own website to see which channel is more profitable.
Partnering with local businesses to display your offerings is another way to generate sales of your designed baby apparel. Independently owned and operated businesses are recommended because they don't have to go through corporate approval to feature your works. Expect to pay a commission on sales or a small rental space fee. Baby apparel compliments some types of businesses more than others.
It's hard to say vintage style t-shirts are making a comeback since the design style has never really gone away. Trends come and go but none has stood the test of time quite like vintage styling along with the distressed look. We happily buy expensive jeans with tears and distress already added because it's the look we're after; relaxed and unassuming yet fashionable.
Why is the vintage look so appealing?
Blame on the hippies in the 60's. Prior to that era, wearing used, poor looking clothing was not something people aspired to do. Those that survived the turmoil of the Great Depression were not keen to continue living the Spartan lifestyle that was forced upon them during harder times. People wearing worn or used clothing were deemed tragic because it meant they could not afford to dress in new apparel.
However, the mindset of hippies in the 60's was to be unusual and original. This meant combing the secondhand stores and combining styles from different era's to create a wholly unique look. Rejecting the modern aesthetic, they looked for throwbacks from bygone days particularly Edwardian fashion.
As with most trends, the popularity of being different made the accessibility of true vintage pieces increasingly scarce and it was necessary for niche apparel makers to make new clothes look old and period correct. This is known as "repro" fashion and it's the focus of this tutorial.
Vintage shirt styles include the Ringer tee, the baseball tee, the crop top, and of course the basic tee. For women only, there's the spaghetti strap tank top.
Custom hats are a huge deal for a lot of men. They're as attached to a man's identity as they are to their heads, or if you're not a hat guy for pleasure, you might be wearing them for business purposes.
If your hat is a daily fixture, you might be wearing it because it identifies your favorite team with a logo or maybe your favorite designer's logo. While these hats are available in a lot of colors and styles through licensed resellers, some guys that wear hats for style purposes might be more interested in a custom look that describes the more intimate details of their psyche. In these cases it's popular to resell these customized hats in a retail environment or to give as gifts to friends and family. That's where getting a custom hat printed comes into play.
Custom embroidery on hats can be applied to literally tons of different styles of hats which we have access to beyond the products listed on our custom print website. We have access to snapback, fitted caps, 5 panel, 6 panel, structured, unstructured, low profile, trucker, mesh trucker...pretty much anything a customer needs we can get and in all the colors!
We'd recommend embroidery for anything 6 panel or structured, otherwise the ink can bunch at the seam running down the middle and may not lay consistently on structured hats since they're difficult to bend against our hat boards. It's possible, but embroidery would have a much cleaner outcome on this style of hat.
The other option to personalize hats is screen print. It's highly wearable and durable, and in some cases more cost effective depending on the purpose of the cap. With either option, simplicity is recommended since the available real estate is limited.
But why do men love these types of hats so much and are there any rules that should be adhered to? Functionality has turned into fashion. The original baseball cap style was simply a means to keep the sun out of the player's eyes. Some men still use it for just this purpose or to keep longer hair contained in the wind. But many men will agree that it's also a fashion statement which has been propelled not-only by sports, but also by genres of music including hip-hop, and country & western.
To attract the ladies, there are certain fashion faux paus that should not be made. For instance, never, ever, wear a hat on a first date, especially if you're taking her to a nice restaurant. The exceptions would be if your first date is an outdoor sporting event, or fishing, or hiking. If you asked her on one of these dates and she accepted, well-done, you've found yourself a keeper. Additionally, never is a shabby, dirty hat appropriate. Even if it's your favorite, time to customize a new piece of headwear. Don't hold onto a style for too long either. If you haven't seen the style of cap you're wearing on anyone else for a really long time, maybe check out what the male fashion blogs are saying about the latest and greatest.
The baseball cap is one of American's most identifiable fashion exports along with jeans, t-shirts, and tennis shoes. Can anyone say Forrest Gump? In fact, some estimate that at least 80% of hats sold are of the baseball variety or its close cousin, the snapback.
We love them for their promotional product appeal. That's why logoed caps are the go to for many businesses as a means of providing a functional (and therefore appreciated,) promotional giveaway. Another trend in corporate giveaway and promotional hats are performance wear. This type of hat is ideal for activity related promotions like charity walks, runs, and outdoor team-building exercises. But most important of all, if you personalize a hat that people love, they'll wear it frequently if not every day. This isn't going to be the case with t-shirts or polos unless it's part of a uniform. To increase perceived value of a giveaway, you can combine a custom t-shirt and cap, now that's the gold standard of promotional giveaways and it's a unique selling point of the highly versatile custom cap.
June, July and August are the most popular months for family reunions because kids are out of school and summer temperatures allow for outdoor activities. Planning a family get together of this magnitude is a big task for anyone and finding affordable resources that will accommodate everyone's budget is important.
After the venue is booked, menus are planned, invitations sent out and an activity itinerary formulated, you still have one task as part of a family reunion planning committee. Besides the pictures and memories your attendees will take home with them, what else can you do to commemorate this happy occasion? Personalized souvenirs are a fantastic way to capture the moment and bring cheer to family members until the next reunion can take place.
Here is a list of our top 10 favorite pics for family reunion souvenirs that won't break the bank! All under $10 per unit!
1. Custom Family Reunion T-Shirts!
Of course this is our number one pick, we're DesignAShirt! Did you know you can get a custom tees for the whole family reunion for as little as $5.04 a piece when you order 50? Plus, we've got over 100 design templates ready for you to customize with your family name and information. If you're the creative type, you can also upload your own graphics or use our design studio to come up with something completely unique to your family.
Want your souvenirs to be used year round? Personalized tote bags are a fantastic way for your family to show off their family pride. Tote bags can be used in place of grocery bags for trips to the store, or to pack your sunscreen and extra water bottles for trips to the beach or park. They're great for packing extra toys for the kids or even collecting items from a scavenger hunt!
We can print a fun family saying or just your family name and the location and dates of your family reunion. These are sure to be a hit during outdoor activities and family member can make use of these mementos all year long. You need to order at least 10 to make it under the threshold of $10. The more you order, the lower the cost per visor.
These 8"x10" coolers will be used immediately by family members wishing to keep their drinks and snacks cool. The best part is you can get 50 of them customized for under $10 apiece. Have more than 50 guests coming? Order a greater quantity for even steeper discounts.
No spill, 20oz bike bottles are a sure winner. Enjoy BPA free, made in the USA, and personalized mementos. Another guaranteed popular choice for family reunion memorabilia. This choice is very affordable with minimum quantities of 50.
These cheap and fun mementos will get action as soon as you hand them out. Create an instant party whether your family reunion is being held at the beach, a park or in the woods! Get 50 customized for WAY under $10 each.
Frisbees are another party waiting to happen when they get into the hands of your family reunion attendees. Keep the kids and the adults active and occupied for much less than $10 apiece when you buy 50 or more.
Expect furious competitions to erupt when you pass our customized family reunion Yo-Yo's. Kids young and old can't resist these classic favorites.
These are really practical family reunion souvenirs that serve as both keepsakes and can keep a whole family load of plastics and styrofoam out of the landfills for the ecoconscious family reunion planners.
Last but not least, these can coolies help your attendees keep a firm grip on their drinks while retaining the chill inside. Plus they come in way under budget when you order 50 or more.
Who said family reunions have to be pricey, we've got you covered in the family reunion keepsakes and mementos category. Items 1-3 are available for customization on www.DesignAShirt.com. For items 4-10, give us a call and we'll give you a custom quote on any of these fun alternatives. 888-487-4478.
Hanes Nano brand was released to appeal to a fashion-forward audience. The ring spun cotton makes it ideal because of its soft nature and introduces a vintage feel reminiscent of a favorite old t-shirt. Many t-shirts that are 100% cotton or a cotton polyester blend can feel a little rougher on the skin. Cotton fibers are twisted together to make yarn and then woven into cloth. When creating ring spun yarn, the process is different in that as the yarn is being twisted, it is also continuously thinned. The diameter of the ring spun yarn will determine how strong and soft the final woven material will be.
Ring spun yarn also makes the short fibers of the cotton stick out which introduces a challenge to screen printers known as fibrillation. These fuzzy fibers go mostly unnoticed until you try to lay ink down and the customer washes the product a few times. Not enough ink and the result will be a furry look and quickly fading color vibrancy. Too much ink and the printed area will feel like a lightweight plastic badge. This is where experience and smart judgment calls come into place.
When a customer chooses a product and finalizes the design, the artist and the screen printer must collaborate on what screen printing mesh size to use and the methodology of the actual print. A lot of technicalities have to be considered to achieve a great screen print including the mesh tension, proper calibration of the press, angle of the squeegee, and even speed of application. The mechanics can be further complicated by the number of colors required to complete the design.
A delicate balance must be struck. Today's custom t-shirt consumer demands what the Hanes Nano tee satisfies, a soft and stylish tee. And the best screen printers understand the complexities of printing on ring-spun materials and succeed in printing a long lasting and great looking design.
We've retained many of our highly qualified screen printers for five or more years. The sharing of knowledge and ongoing education fosters a top notch crew that consistently produces exceptional screen printed apparel for our clients. Choosing the Nano tee does not mean trading comfort for a quality screen printed design and the color selection is impressive.


A "historic" gay pride parade will be held in the Western Isles for the first time.
Hebridean Pride will go ahead on October 6 with a parade planned in Stornoway.
"Lets have a fabulous time and put an end to intolerance in the Hebrides," a social media post for the event said.
One supporter described the Pride as a "historic event" for Lewis, where the Sabbath is still observed and the ultra-conservative Free Church of Scotland has its stronghold.
Meanwhile, supporters of the Proud Ness event in Inverness, also to be held on October 6, are rallying against comments made by a Free Church of Scotland mission worker who described the event as "shameful" and "deeply offensive".
Donald J Morrison has set up a petition to ban the Inverness event but two counter petitions, each attracting thousands of signatures of those who support the event, have also been launched.
Hebridean Pride is due to finish with party at the Era Nightclub in Stornoway.
Manager Carl Easton said: "There is a gay community on the island but it is the same as any small place, people don't broadcast it. It is quiet and fairly subdued.
"I hope the Pride event will be well received.
Last year, Stornoway arts centre An Lanntair put on a programme for LGBT History Month with the events attracting some opposition.
The venue's cinema put on its first Sunday screening just last year.
Islanders have recalled when transvestite comedian Eddie Izzard played Stornoway Town Hall.
According to accounts, only six tickets sold for the night but after a minister was quoted in the Stornoway Gazette saying the comedian was an abomination, the event sold out.
Councillor Angus McCormack (Independent), who represents Stornoway South, welcomed the Hebridean Pride event.
He said: "I am very happy that it is going to take place and I hope it will be widely supported.


The Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal was created in 2012 to mark the 60th anniversary of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II's accession to the Throne as Queen of Canada. The Medal honours Her Majesty for her service to Canada and serves to recognize Canadians who have made significant contributions to Canadian society. The Medal has been awarded to 60,000 deserving Canadians, including 176 members of the McGill community.
If you know of any other members of the McGill community who have received this honour, please contact the maria.kontzidis [at] mcgill.ca (Secretariat) to have their names added to the list of medal recipients.


text:
Calisto Tanzi Cause Of Death
Evan Marriott Age, Net Worth, Wikipedia, Height, Now
Who Is Jenna Jameson's Ex-Husband Brad Armstrong?
Who Is Jenna Jameson's Ex-Husband Jay Grdina?
Calisto Tanzi Cause Of Death – Calisto Tanzi was an Italian businessman and convicted fraudster.
Calisto Tanzi founded Parmalat in 1961, after dropping out of college. However, Parmalat collapsed in 2003 with a €14bn hole in its accounts in what remains Europe's biggest bankruptcy.
In 2008, Calisto Tanzi was found to have embezzled an estimated €800 million from the company and was jailed for fraud and despite being sentenced to up to 18 years in prison, Tanzi served just over two years in jail and then was placed under house arrest.
In 2001, Calisto Tanzi was listed by Forbes as a billionaire with a net worth of roughly $1.3 billion.
image credit: bloomberg.com
In December 2009, the Italian authorities announced that they had seized nineteen works of art belonging to Calisto Tanzi, which had been concealed at the houses of his friends. The works of art were said to be valued at over €100 million and included paintings and drawings by Picasso, Monet, and van Gogh. However, Tanzi denied owning any hidden works of art.
Parma Prosecutor Gerardo Laguardia, said that officials had acted quickly to seize the pictures after discovering that they had been offered for sale. The authorities said that Stefano Strini, Calisto Tanzi's son-in-law, was being investigated for allegedly handling the artwork.
On 29 October 2019, Calisto Tanzi's art collection was auctioned off in Milan and it included artworks by globally acclaimed artists such as; Balla, Gauguin, Cézanne, Kandinsky, Matisse, Modigliani, and van Gogh.
Calisto Tanzi died of pneumonia in a Parma hospital on 1 January 2022, at the age of 83
Young Dolph Children: Meet Tre Tre Thornton And Aria Ella Thornton
Boonk Gang Real Name, Net Worth, Death Rumors 2020
#BBNaija: "WhiteMoney is mature and a good game player" – Actor Fredrick Leonard pledges support
The 'hood' rejoices as an 18-year-old bus conductor wins big in Chess and Mental Math competition,
Comedian, Mr Macaroni confronts police officers who allegedly extorted N30k from a young guy (Video)
"Gotta get 'e choke' copyrighted" – Choke-Daddy, Davido declares
Related Topics:calisto tanzicalisto tanzi familycalisto tanzi figlicalisto tanzi net worthcalisto tanzi oggicalisto tanzi patrimoniocalisto tanzi prigionecalisto tanzi todaycalisto tanzi villacalisto tanzi wife
Nick Colionne Wife: Was Nick Colionne Married? Who Was Nick Colionne's Girlfriend?
Max Julien Cause Of Death: How Did Max Julien Die?


Robert Paige Miller, a New York high school student, wrote Pi to 4,000 decimal places in 7 hours on April 12, 1976.
The 1977 edition of the 'Guinness Book of Records' listed him as record holder, while the french edition of the same year listed Simon Plouffe (4,096 decimal places on December 4, 1975) as the record holder.
Contact us in case of questions or problems.


it is a telmarket call even though I am on the "do not call" list.
back to school or college. Telamarketer.
warn1now.com they say My windows May have been infected. scam?
This phone does not receive text messages from this number.


Gilgamesh was an historical king of Uruk in Babylonia, on the River Euphrates in modern Iraq; he lived about 2700 B.C. Although historians (and your textbook) tend to emphasize Hammurabi and his code of law, the civilizations of the Tigris-Euphrates area, among the first civilizations, focus rather on Gilgamesh and the legends accruing around him to explain, as it were, themselves. Many stories and myths were written about Gilgamesh, some of which were written down about 2000 B.C. in the Sumerian language on clay tablets which still survive; the Sumerian language, as far as we know, bears no relation to any other human language we know about. These Sumerian Gilgamesh stories were integrated into a longer poem, versions of which survive not only in Akkadian (the Semitic language, related to Hebrew, spoken by the Babylonians) but also on tablets written in Hurrian and Hittite (an Indo-European language, a family of languages which includes Greek and English, spoken in Asia Minor). All the above languages were written in the script known as cuneiform, which means "wedge-shaped." The fullest surviving version, from which the summary here is taken, is derived from twelve stone tablets, in the Akkadian language, found in the ruins of the library of Ashurbanipal, king of Assyria 669-633 B.C., at Nineveh. The library was destroyed by the Persians in 612 B.C., and all the tablets are damaged. The tablets actually name an author, which is extremely rare in the ancient world, for this particular version of the story: Shin-eqi-unninni. You are being introduced here to the oldest known human author we can name by name!
1. Themes. The first things you want to sort out are the ideas which seem to animate the work. One of the problems with literature, art, mythology, etc., is that you can never be quite sure that you've correctly identified the central ideas or philosophy of the work, but you should take a stab at it anyway. Keep in mind that there is no such thing as one and only one idea in a work of literature, and that in most art and literature, like life, there is no one correct answer concerning any single issue. To identify an idea, question, or theme that the work seems to treat, look for specific places where that idea seems to be a concern; mark these passages and combine and contrast them when you begin to try to resolve what the work seems to be about. The questions I provide in these reading notes are meant to organize the families of questions you can bring to these texts.
2. Structure. Try to define for yourself the overall structure of the story. This narrative has two distinct parts; what are these parts and how are they separated? How do events in the second part of the narrative repeat or develop ideas in the first part of the narrative? Do these events contrast with or develop themes and values articulated in the first part of the narrative?
3. The Nature of the Heroic. When you read the myth, notice how Gilgamesh is presented as superhuman, so powerful that the gods create a counterpart to moderate his desires and actions. Do you get the sense that Gilgamesh and Enkidu should have spared the demon of the cedar forest? Despite all of Gilgamesh's power, he is unable to prevent Enkidu's death, and the narrative changes direction. How can one describe Gilgamesh as a hero in the last half of the work? What has he achieved at the end of the poem? Why is this important?
4. The Gods. The gods in Gilgamesh are a bit problematic. How do the gods behave? What is their relation to humans? How much freedom do humans have, or are they merely subject to the will of these gods?
6. The Flood. The story of the Flood is a familiar one, as we shall see in Genesis and Popol Vuh (Plato also gives an account of the Flood and the city of Atlantis in the dialogue, Critias ; the Nez Perce of the Palouse also have a flood story in which the only humans that survived did so by climbing the mountain, Yamustus, that is, Steptoe Butte). The earliest surviving reference to the Flood goes back to 1900 B.C. Why is it brought in here? Why do the gods bring on the Flood? Is any reason given? (Later compare the reasons for the floods in Genesis and Popol Vuh.) What does it tell us about the nature of history and the relation of the gods to humanity?
At the entrance to the Cedar Forest, Gilgamesh begins to quake with fear; he prays to Shamash, reminding him that he had promised Ninsun that he would be safe. Shamash calls down from heaven, ordering him to enter the forest because Humbaba is not wearing all his armor. The demon Humbaba wears seven coats of armor, but now he is only wearing one so he is particularly vulnerable. Enkidu loses his courage and turns back; Gilgamesh falls on him and they have a great fight. Hearing the crash of their fighting, Humbaba comes stalking out of the Cedar Forest to challenge the intruders. A large part of the tablet is missing here. On the one part of the tablet still remaining, Gilgamesh convinces Enkidu that they should stand together against the demon.


During the Expo, experts pointed out the high level of the new technologies that were exhibited, such as Sputnik, nuclear power plant mock-ups as well as instruments and components made of synthetic materials, automated machines, new engines and computers. The architecture was also innovative, with the use of pre-stressed reinforced concrete (the Philips Pavilion by Le Corbusier) or walls suspended from the roof (France's pavilion).
Translated from the German, By William Johnston. Fourth Edition, carefully revised and enlarged by William Francis, Ph.D., F.L.S., Editor Of the Chemical Gazette; and J. W. Griffith, M.D., F.L.S., Licentiate of The Royal College of Physicians. London: Henry G. Bohn, York Street, Covent Garden.1846.


I've never thought of that as a bad thing.
A conversation this week made me pause, however. Is being that available setting an expectation that I expect that of others? It honestly had never occurred to me. That darn activator "strength" of mine means when I have a question or need input, I typically reach out to other leaders on campus. While I'm not at all put out if they don't all respond, I don't know that I've ever communicated that to them.
Knowing that my people are watching all the time, I still think being available is important. What are your strategies for honoring off/down time while maintaining a consistent, constant flow of communication and shared leadership?
How accessible are you to your staff? Can they reach you via phone/text all the time?
Interesting perspective. Like you, I am constantly connected, and by choice. I don't expect this from others, but it's interesting to note when I do go off the grid for a few days how alarmed people get when their messages aren't returned immediately. Raising the bar of expectation – right?!?
I think we are too connected. I try my hardest not to email or bug my staff on their vacation, but some things are inevitable to break that silence. As I get older, and more comfortable in the principal's seat, I like my time respected when I am truly on vacation. We seem to always be on and the only time we can be off is when the district is closed as well.
Last year, I started not to look at emails after I left school for the day and not on weekends. I will definitely be continuing that practice this year. I hope it is a great second year for you!


text:
UAE passport named 'best' of the decade
@PeterHSG
The UAE has been named the best passport of the decade, beating top ranking countries such as Germany, Finland, Luxembourg and Spain. according to the latest report by the Global Passport Index.
The Gulf nation gained visa waivers to 111 countries, with the majority of those waivers granted in the past three years. Having witnessed a 161% increase in passport power in just a few years, it has been dubbed "The Unicorn" in the report. It is the only Arab country to make it to the Top 10.
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"Since the inception of the Passport Force Initiative in 2017, the Passport Index closely followed and documented the progress of the UAE passport. As their goal to rise within the Top 5 was achieved three years ahead of time, their momentum and mission grew stronger as they strived to reach first place before the end of 2018," the report stated.
Getting first place was hard, but keeping it was going to be harder"
.@PassportIndex:At the top of the rank as the world's Greatest Passport of the Decade is #UAE,gaining a total of +110 visa waivers, most of which have taken place in the last 3 years with161% increase in passport power&shining in 1st place with a record-breaking179 Mobility Score pic.twitter.com/rxtvRPPWf9
— Dubai Media Office (@DXBMediaOffice) December 30, 2019
Two years ago, the UAE set a goal to be within the top five most powerful passports in the world by 2021.
Behind it are Germany, Finland, Luxembourg and Spain on 172 countries and Denmark, Italy, The Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Switzerland, japan, South Korea, Ireland and the USA on 171 countries.
"Getting first place was hard, but keeping it was going to be harder," Armand Arton, founder and president of Arton Capital, the company which manages the Passport Index rankings told local media. "Not only did the UAE passport remain at the very top, but they even managed to significantly increase their lead," he added.
Qatar also gained 12 visa waivers throughout 2019, making its way up the ranks with Rwanda closely behind with 11. Ukraine, Macao, and Indonesia all added 10 countries to their passport power, and Brunei ended the year with nine visa waivers.
Another country amongst the list of The Fastest-Growing Passports of 2019 was Saudi Arabia, which appeared with nine visa waivers, suggesting that the leading passport may have inspired some successors.
Cyprus and St. Kitts and Nevis are amongst the ones who made the biggest leap forward, gaining nine visa waivers in 2019.
The five worst passports on this year list were Afghanistan (35 countries), Iraq (37), Syria (40) and Somalia (41).
The index looks at the passports of 198 destinations around the world. As of 2019, the UAE passport permits visa-free and visa-on-arrival entries to 118 and 61 countries, respectively. That leaves only 19 countries requiring visa approvals prior to travel.
Global Passport Index
Arton Capital
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