My workplace is implementing a single sign on architecture (SSO) and several of our user facing sites need to provide a means to authenticate those users before allowing them to use the resources, or participate in the discussions on those sites. Partly because of its ease of use and flexibility in customization, we chose WordPress as our CMS of choice for many of these sites. The next step was to integrate all of these sites with our SSO architecture.
If a user had been signed in to another of our sites but was not a "registered user" on the WordPress site, create their user with data from the LDAP and log them in to the main page with basic "User" privileges.
If a user had been signed in to another of our sites and was a "registered user" on the WordPress site, sign them in to the main page with their username.
If a user had been signed in to another of our sites and was an "Administrator" on the WordPress site, sign them in to the Administrator Dashboard upon signing in.
Since we wanted to be able to redirect users based on their level of authorization, I knew that I would not only need to authenticate each user, but also retrieve the user roles and capabilities appropriately; if we can determine the role of the user, we can potentially expand the plugin to include additional redirects. The added benefit of needing to redirect actually turned out to be a useful notification tool. If we needed a landing page for users to express some vital information, we could change the redirect for registered users to push them to the notification page upon login.
The plugin takes control of the wp_login() and wp_logout() functions by hooking into them. Both the sign in process and the sign out process are sent to the CAS server. After successfully authenticating, the plugin checks the WordPress instance if the user already exists. If the user exists, it authenticates the user and signs them into the site, redirecting them if necessary. The plugin only determines if a user is an administrator; if not, the user is directed the standard page. If the user does not exist, then the plugin takes advantage of the wp_create_user() function and uses the information it retrieves from the LDAP to create the new user. The lowest level of user (subscriber) is used to create the new user. Once the user has been created, any administrator can adjust the user's settings to give them access to more of the dashboard.
Go to "Settings > CAS/LDAP Settings" and enter in the information for your servers.
Important! Set up the redirect options. If you do not set up the redirect options, WP will simply drop the user back onto the login page. And, because the user has been created with a random password, that user will not be able to log in. The simplest option is to use "index.php" as the user redirect as that brings users to the main page of the site, and to use "wp-admin/index.php" for the administrators, as it brings them to the site dashboard.
Set up the data mapping from the LDAP. This plugin does not have default settings for the username, first and last names, and email fields. In fact, the primary LDAP system at work is somewhat non-standard, so the data mapping was included to allow us to hook this plugin into various LDAP schemas and map those fields to the proper LDAP fields. Note: if you don't set this up, new users will not be created, and the authentication process will fail. The most common settings are "uid or username" for the username field, "mail" for email, "givenName" for first name, "sn" for surname, and "displayName" for display name. You do not need to enter a nickname.
Important! Test out your settings in another browser. If you made a mistake in the settings, you will be locked out of your own account, as the hooks for logging in and logging out will now be tied to the wp_login() and wp_logout() functions. You'll need database access to fix this if you made a mistake on the settings. This has been fixed in V1.1; see update 12/9/13 below.
That's all there is to the installation. If you entered all your information correctly, all user authentication will now route through your CAS server and pull user data from your LDAP.
There are two potential pitfalls. One is if your user does not have permission to create a directory for the plugin. That will need to be taken care of on the server side; you will need to give permission to the plugin folder to the WordPress instance. Another is if you used the same browser to check your settings and they were wrong. If you did this, then you will need to deactivate the plugin either by logging in to the server and renaming the plugin folder (which will automatically deactivate the plugin), or by logging in to the database and searching for all "active_plugins" from the wp_options table. Here is a good tutorial on that.
The CAS/LDAP WordPress Plugin is awesome. It almost perfectly fits in my needs. I really wish to use it, but I cound not find license information about this plugin. So, please tell me about the license and if there is any restriction. Thank you.
I'll update the files and GitHub soon.
Glad to hear you found it useful.
Thank you for your reply. It would be great if the code will be available on the GitHub!
Have really enjoyed working with the plugin. Kudos! The code is extremely clean compared to some others I've worked with.
We are having one problem – we get in a redirect loop when we authenticate. I'm starting to think that is has to do with the interaction with the plugin we are using to protect our pages until the user has authenticated – we've tried several, currently using the "Members" plugin. It keeps looping back to the wp-login.php page from index.php after we authenticate with CAS.
Any ideas? Or can you share how you protect your pages until authentication/authorization occurs?
Richard, it appears that the most likely culprit is the redirector on your "Members" plugin. If it keeps trying to redirect to wp-login.php, then the CAS/LDAP plugin will grab that and redirect to the CAS server. So, if index.php is somehow in the array of "protected" pages, then I would remove that and see if that resolves the problem. Hard to say without looking at the code, though.
On the "Welcome" page, we have an explanation as to why people need to log in, with a button that takes them to the CAS server, and the original $return_to URL as the "service" on the CAS server.
Normally, wp-login.php takes a $return_to parameter and redirects users to that page if it is set, but since the CAS/LDAP plugin hooks into (or hijacks) the normal login process, we had to do the redirect with the "send_to" inside of our plugin.
WooHoo! Thank you much that worked a dream.
We actually don't want the landing page in our situation so I just had the function in functions.php go straight to the CAS login.
And of course it eliminated the Members plugin which was overkill for what we needed to do – and did not work well for us.
Great plugin, almost have it working the way I would like. Is there anyway to use the users LDAP password and remove the field from their Profiles?
My issue is we need the user to have a working account to post a message, so they need to fully login to have limited access to the Dashboard.
Joel, I'm not sure I fully understand. The plugin hijacks the WP authentication, so the user is using their LDAP password – at least providing your CAS is tied to the same LDAP that you want WP to authenticate against. All of our sites at school use this plugin, and all users have full access to their dashboard, and to post/reply to messages; the lack of a password doesn't limit a user's ability to use their account. In fact, I routinely log in via this plugin and go directly to the admin dashboard (I've got full functionality). Can you rephrase your question a bit?
1. Can I use this on multi site installation(cas_ldap_wp_plugin-master) for multi site.
2. All I need is authentication, not create users.
3. I also need to retail the WP login and it looks like it is possible by direct access and it should work with the auth=NOCAS option.
4.Our future WP sites are all pages.
Yes, you can use this on a multi-site installation. We are using it for one of our internal multi-site WP setups. If you do not need the create users, simply comment out the section that checks authentication and if they exist in the WP instance (it's the if/else block between lines ~227-283. Just remove the else block ~244-283. And you are correct about using the WP Admin; if you add auth=NOCAS, you can log in directly to the WP instance.
For a multisite implementation, do I "network" activate the plugin? Or activate it only on the root / blog?
RC – The multi-site implementation requires some changes in the code. You are correct, all the functions need to be updated to the multi-site equivalent. So, update_option becomes update_site_option and get_option becomes get_site_option, etc.
I've developped a WordPress CAS Authentication plugin, WP Cassify. It support CAS protocol version 3 and have many features.


text:
Q: How to define a column class in R, dataframe I have a data frame like this
scf0001    123    4567   -  4350
scf0001    4474   4878   +  376  *
scf0002    5375   10571  c  5006
scf0003    11370  16986  c  5536
scf0003    16256  17000  -  789  *

when I attempt to read it as a table in R, the error is line 2 did not have 5 elements, so it is not recognizing the star(*), I tried to read it as string with na.string="*" but it didn't work, so I think I have to define it with colclasses=.I tried something like this colClasses=[, c(6)="character"] but it doesn't work, Error: unexpected '['

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I love ice cream. It's literally one of my favourite foods ever! That being said, there's a couple of ice lollies I've never actually tried, so continuing my series of firsts, I thought it was about time I tried a Twister!
Now to be honest, Twisters are something I've avoided up until now. I don't know what I expected them to taste like, but for some reason I decided I wasn't going to like them.
Turns out I was very wrong! They're yummy!!!
I'm a big fan of lime flavour things, so that was a winner, but combined with the pineapple ice cream, it was a tropical sensation! The strawberry middle just added to the enjoyment.
I have since been told I ate it wrong though. Supposedly I was meant to lick the ice cream out first? Might have to get another one to try. How do you eat yours? Leave a comment below!


text:
The 2007 international child pornography investigation was an international criminal investigation into a criminal organization dealing in child pornography. Austrian authorities initiated the investigation in July and were the ones to uncover the criminal organization. More than 2,360 suspects residing in 77 countries were investigated. Approximately 600 of the suspects were in the United States. The European country with the most suspects was Germany. 130 of the suspects were in Australia. The two suspects in the Republic of Ireland were not investigated by Garda Síochána until six months after Austrian authorities notified them of the crime. At least 23 suspects were Austrians. The pornography depicted the sexual abuse of children under the age of 14. A Russian website hosted the pornography on an Austrian server.

See also
 2013 International child pornography investigation

References

2007 in international relations
Child pornography crackdowns

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Ali on the Run Show Episode 174: A Behind-the-Scenes Look at the Ali on the Run Show
"If you are sitting on an idea, a dream, a plan, the longer you wait to execute on it, the sooner someone else will. So stop waiting, stop procrastinating. Do as I say, not as I've done!"
It's solo episode time! On this episode, I'm talking all about what goes on behind the scenes of the Ali on the Run Show, answering listener questions about getting started, choosing guests, recording, editing, working with sponsors, pay days, and more. I also talk about the episodes I've recorded but never aired — and why — and share a few never-before-told stories. Next week it's back to regularly exciting running-related programming. Until then, I hope you enjoy this long-winded peek behind the microphone.
Thank you to AfterShokz for sponsoring this episode of the Ali on the Run Show! CLICK HERE for $50 off your Aeropex wireless headphone endurance bundle!
What you'll get on this episode:
Getting started (2:10)
All about equipment (12:00)
How I prep for episodes (15:00)
On choosing guests and having conversations (21:50)
All about recording and editing (48:00)
Sponsor stuff (1:01:40)
And more random questions about podcasting and the Ali on the Run Show (1:08:10)
What we mention on this episode:
Blue Snowball microphone
Blue Yeti microphone
Libsyn hosting
ShePodcasts Facebook Group
Pingback: Ali on the Run Show Episode 348: Ask Ali! | Ali On The Run
Very interesting episode Ali. Thanks.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I washed up at Shona's after her dinner party yesterday. Stood at the sink, I gave thought to why, with all my intellect, desire to sort myself out, curiosity and commitment, I still choose negativity. I put this to Karaj and got as far as the word 'intellect' when he said: 'That's your problem: intellect. We call it arrogance.' I told him that everything I have experienced over the last few days is telling me to go back to the start; how I was when I came here: naive, attentive, eager to learn and accept what I'm told. These days I think I have cracked it when the truth is far from it. Karaj said that I need to go right back to the beginning: why did I come here in the first place?
When I talked to Dev about it, he said it's like sitting an exam: you have to read the question every five minutes to make sure you're answering it. I told Dev I need him because he can pinpoint things when we discuss where we are. He has the knowledge to encapsulate what I am saying and feeling; just like when he said that Karaj, in challenging us, is trying to break our ego. He also said that the cardinal rule here is that everything Karaj does is done to help me.
I washed up again later in the day, and at one point I picked up the microwave plate; a reminder of another big learning process, instigated by Dev when he broke the original one.
At the end of the day, when I took my bedding out, Simran asked me if I was sleeping downstairs. He asked in a way which made me feel uncomfortable, as if I had to ask permission first. Karaj explained the next day that he was probably surprised because I've been avoiding him for months.
Summary: A relaxing and productive day. Very glad to be away from where I was at the beginning of this week. The contrast could not be greater. Having gone through what has happened, I appreciate things about my life and my work which I have not seen for many months, if at all: the qualities of the people around me, the virtues of the work I do, the power of serving and the value of patience. It feels like I am back where I started in February 2000 but with nearly four years of priceless, extensive experience and learning behind me. It feels good.


According to Property Guru and the Christchurch City Council, the Land Use is Multi-unit and the Category is Residential and Converted Flat. Each flat has its own kitchen and bathroom.
Large, 1,047 sqm section, in sought-after, popular location, with shopping and local schools nearby, with easy access to public transport and main arterial routes.
The vendor has invested in a LIM from the Christchurch City Council, which is available to interested parties.


When the end of the month rolls around I spend about three hours in the morning finalizing my incoming and outgoing business expenses. It always gives me a laugh to notice how one month can seem extremely busy and productive yet I don't see the results financially while other months I am spending more time going hiking or swing dancing than working, yet I make a (relative) fortune.
Such is the life for the entrepreneur. Our incomes are never truly regular unless we are disgustingly wealthy and/or own property. This may not seem like a very comfortable life to some. How can I sleep at night knowing that if I do not keep working I will suddenly stop making a living? What would happen if all my clients suddenly told me that they were sick of me and didn't want to work with me any longer?
It may sound scary, but I can tell you this much: I am much more secure and a heck of a lot happier with the irregular income. This was true even when I was earning less than at my previous job. Not only that, but I would never want to earn a salary. This is true even if it were a 6-figure salary with benefits. Even in today's economy. Even doing the same, exciting work I do now. Even if I got a free palette of wonderful office bagels each morning. I am not joking.
Salaries are the devil. True, this might seem like a ridiculous over-generalization. But read on and check out my reasoning for yourself.
1. Your "raises" are paltry when spread out over a long period of time.
The average pay raise next year is expected to be about 3% in the United States. While this does stay ahead of the rate of inflation, spread out over a 30-year period this is actually pretty sad. Here's why.
This might not sound too bad, but $97,000 per year in 2044 will be worth about $54,000 or so in today's dollars (this is given a rate of inflation approximately based on the article above's projections for 30 years). So essentially you have gone from a healthy, eager, young loaf counter making $40,000 a year to an obese old bread loaf manager making about $54,000 a year 30 years later.
2. A salary really isn't really all that secure!
One of the benefits of working for an industry is that the industry, barring extreme conditions, can't tell you what you are worth. For example, if you are a wonderful painter working in coastal North Carolina and you have many well-off clients, you can raise your prices. Sure, you might lose a couple clients, but you will be able to reap the rewards of years of hard work for picking up those clients in the first place.
If you work for a painting company at a salary you can't just raise your rates. Your boss would find cheap dime-a-dozen manual labor somewhere else. And if you boss hits a tough painting market… let's say continuous hurricanes are slamming coastal homes over and over, stripping out so much paint that customers are disappearing… but makes the dubious decision not to lower his rates, you are up a creek when the business goes under.
In the same scenario, if you are running the show, you'd likely just run a hurricane special or something. This example might sound a bit farfetched, but as a general principal you can see how working for an industry rather than working for someone else, and using your own mind, can actually be far more secure. When you are in control of your salary it is you who calls the shots. And when it's your standard of living on the line rather than someone else's you are far more likely to make good decisions.
3. It will take a really long time to become wealthy with a salary.
I have a fun calculator to show you.
But first, let's define what wealthy is. A lot of us think that this means we just have gobs and gobs of money sitting around. Not so. If Peter Successful makes $200,000 a year but has eleven kids to support and lives in a mansion with a million dollar mortgage, he isn't wealthy. In fact, he's probably pretty poor by any economist's definition.
The true state of being wealthy is being able to afford to live for the rest of your life without having to work. The term "independently wealthy" fits into this category with a greater degree of ease, but for the purposes of my definition they are the same thing.
These days, in order to realistically become wealthy, most individuals need in the order of $700,000 or more wisely invested in retirement accounts and/or other assets. There is a great calculator over at Bankrate that will tell you how much you will need in the bank at various rates to retire. If you check this link out and try the calculator, when they ask you to calculate your rate of return, estimate very conservatively – no more than 6% to be safe.
Wealth for one person might be $4,000,000 in the bank, while for another it might be $400,000. It all depends on your lifestyle, location, expenses, dependents, and other assets.
If you use the calculator above to determine your "wealth figure" what you will figure out very quickly is that you probably need more than you think you do.
The real point is that you are not going to reach "independently wealthy" status with a salary until you are in your early 60's or later unless you live WAY below your means. True, there are some people who have made a goal to retire very early by saving a huge percentage of their paychecks this can work and it is possible to become wealthy extremely early, but by-and-large your salary is an income cap.
Why should you only be paid what someone above you thinks you should be paid with very little say in the matter? Why should you wait 30+ years to retire?
If you run a business, get into real-estate or even work in sales… anything that allows you to have control over your earnings, you don't have these earning caps. You can plan to retire much earlier.
If this isn't one of your goals (not having to work) what are you doing on this website, anyway?
4. Your entire life is capped.
Going back to my earlier point on a salary being the final say in the matter of your earnings for the work you do, it is also a cap on your lifestyle.
If you earn $30,000 a year you can perhaps budget for a vacation to the next state to watch a baseball game and stay in a Best Western over a long weekend. There is nothing wrong with this. But the fact that you have already decided that this is the best you will be able to do for the coming year shows that you have admitted that your earnings are frozen at a specific number.
The mentality of someone who has been in the rat race for years is to make these future plans on a budget well ahead of time. They have become so mired in a system where they are paid a set amount in exchange for copious amounts of their time and energy that their only vestige of control remaining is the work up a budget and use that to buy some fun, or a big TV for the year. Sure, you could take a second job and another salary, but you are just trading away more of your time for the same (albeit slightly higher) final number at the end of the year.
And so the Best Western and the baseball game in late July beckon. It does not have to be this way.
A salary dictates your entire lifestyle, and keeps you trapped in this lifestyle.
5. It is an often highly inaccurate measure of the value you supply.
Take teachers, for example. Do you know what the average teacher's salary in the US was last year? $44,917.
Now, let's look at the senior executives at Budweiser. I could not find a list of their executive salaries, but based on this profile, it is probably in the order of 6 figures or more.
Let's see… one of these professions directly helps to raise future generations during the most formative years of their lives and the other sits in a desk and prays for drunkenness.
But this is an oversimplification of the point and detracts from my main argument. Some of our most important, hardest workers in positions that matter are slaving away for next to nothing but doing indispensable work. I don't deny that starting a business and/or investing in real-estate with a goal to get wealthy can very easily detract from your value as a human being as a direct contributor to the human race and the planet. That's also not the point.
If you are doing work that has immense value, should your lifestyle match that work? Ideologically, a salary goes wildly against this argument. Someone upstairs has determined that you are worth that set amount. That's the bottom line. This very often doesn't match reality. Without teachers, nurses, police officers, firefighters and electricians our society would fall apart. These are not the highest salaries in the world.
If you are not earning a salary you have the option to create value and fill a need. There are many examples of successful people who have done this, and their salary hasn't detracted from their lifestyle. If you are living like a poor person because of your salary you are certainly not going to have the energy to do your job well. Why are there so many struggling teachers? Who determines their salaries? It is a complex question that begs us to ask whether the system of a salary itself is flawed when many of our most valuable professions pay so poorly.


text:
#ifndef DCFILEFO_H
#define DCFILEFO_H

#include "dcmtk/config/osconfig.h"    /* make sure OS specific configuration is included first */

#include "dcmtk/dcmdata/dcsequen.h"
#include "dcmtk/dcmdata/dcdatset.h"

// forward declarations
class DcmMetaInfo;
class DcmInputStream;
class DcmOutputStream;
class DcmRepresentationParameter;

/** a class handling the DICOM file format (with meta header)
 */
class DcmFileFormat
  : public DcmSequenceOfItems
{

 public:

    /** default constructor
     */
    DcmFileFormat();

    /** constructor
     *  @param dataset to be copied (!) into the new DcmFileFormat object
     */
    DcmFileFormat(DcmDataset *dataset);

    /** copy constructor
     *  @param old element to be copied
     */
    DcmFileFormat(const DcmFileFormat &old);

    /** destructor
     */
    virtual ~DcmFileFormat();

    /** assignment operator
     *  @param obj fileformat to be assigned/copied
     *  @return reference to this object
     */
    DcmFileFormat &operator=(const DcmFileFormat &obj);

    /** clone method
     *  @return deep copy of this object
     */
    virtual DcmObject *clone() const
    {
      return new DcmFileFormat(*this);
    }

    /** Virtual object copying. This method can be used for DcmObject
     *  and derived classes to get a deep copy of an object. Internally
     *  the assignment operator is called if the given DcmObject parameter
     *  is of the same type as "this" object instance. If not, an error
     *  is returned. This function permits copying an object by value
     *  in a virtual way which therefore is different to just calling the
     *  assignment operator of DcmElement which could result in slicing
     *  the object.
     *  @param rhs - [in] The instance to copy from. Has to be of the same
     *                class type as "this" object
     *  @return EC_Normal if copying was successful, error otherwise
     */
    virtual OFCondition copyFrom(const DcmObject& rhs);

    /** get type identifier
     *  @return type identifier of this class (EVR_fileFormat)
     */
    virtual DcmEVR ident() const;

    /** clear file meta information header and dataset
     *  @return EC_Normal if successful, an error code otherwise
     */
    virtual OFCondition clear();

    /** remove all elements with an invalid group number from the meta information header
     *  and dataset
     */
    virtual void removeInvalidGroups();

    /** print meta header and dataset to a stream
     *  @param out output stream
     *  @param flags optional flag used to customize the output (see DCMTypes::PF_xxx)
     *  @param level current level of nested items. Used for indentation.
     *  @param pixelFileName optional filename used to write the raw pixel data file
     *  @param pixelCounter optional counter used for automatic pixel data filename creation
     */
    virtual void print(STD_NAMESPACE ostream&out,
                       const size_t flags = 0,
                       const int level = 0,
                       const char *pixelFileName = NULL,
                       size_t *pixelCounter = NULL);

    /** make sure that all data elements of the file meta information header are existent
     *  in metainfo and contain correct values.
     *  @param oxfer the transfer syntax which shall be used
     *  @param writeMode flag indicating whether to update the file meta information or not
     */
    virtual OFCondition validateMetaInfo(const E_TransferSyntax oxfer,
                                         const E_FileWriteMode writeMode = EWM_fileformat);

    /** get file meta information header part of the fileformat
     *  @return reference to internally stored file meta information header
     */
    DcmMetaInfo *getMetaInfo();

    /** get dataset part of the fileformat
     *  @return reference to internally stored dataset
     */
    DcmDataset *getDataset();

    /** get dataset part and remove it from the fileformat.
     *  Please note that a new, initially empty dataset is also added to the fileformat.
     *  @return reference to previously stored but now removed dataset
     */
    DcmDataset *getAndRemoveDataset();

    /** calculate the length of this DICOM element when encoded with the
     *  given transfer syntax and the given encoding type for sequences.
     *  For elements, the length includes the length of the tag, length field,
     *  VR field and the value itself, for items and sequences it returns
     *  the length of the complete item or sequence including delimitation tags
     *  if applicable. Never returns undefined length.
     *  @param xfer transfer syntax for length calculation
     *  @param enctype sequence encoding type for length calculation
     *  @return length of DICOM element
     */
    virtual Uint32 calcElementLength(const E_TransferSyntax xfer,
                                     const E_EncodingType enctype);

    /** check if this DICOM object can be encoded in the given transfer syntax.
     *  @param newXfer transfer syntax in which the DICOM object is to be encoded
     *  @param oldXfer transfer syntax in which the DICOM object was read or created.
     *  @return true if object can be encoded in desired transfer syntax, false otherwise.
     */
    virtual OFBool canWriteXfer(const E_TransferSyntax newXfer,
                                const E_TransferSyntax oldXfer = EXS_Unknown);

    /** read object from a stream.
     *  @param inStream DICOM input stream
     *  @param xfer transfer syntax to use when parsing
     *  @param glenc handling of group length parameters
     *  @param maxReadLength attribute values larger than this value are skipped
     *    while parsing and read later upon first access if the stream type supports
     *    this.
     *  @return EC_Normal if successful, an error code otherwise
     */
    virtual OFCondition read(DcmInputStream &inStream,
                             const E_TransferSyntax xfer = EXS_Unknown,
                             const E_GrpLenEncoding glenc = EGL_noChange,
                             const Uint32 maxReadLength = DCM_MaxReadLength);

    /** write fileformat to a stream
     *  @param outStream DICOM output stream
     *  @param oxfer output transfer syntax
     *  @param enctype encoding types (undefined or explicit length)
     *  @param wcache pointer to write cache object, may be NULL
     *  @return status, EC_Normal if successful, an error code otherwise
     */
    virtual OFCondition write(DcmOutputStream &outStream,
                              const E_TransferSyntax oxfer,
                              const E_EncodingType enctype,
                              DcmWriteCache *wcache);

    /** write object to a stream (abstract)
     *  @param outStream DICOM output stream
     *  @param oxfer output transfer syntax
     *  @param enctype encoding types (undefined or explicit length)
     *  @param wcache pointer to write cache object, may be NULL
     *  @param glenc group length encoding
     *  @param padenc dataset trailing padding encoding
     *  @param padlen padding structure size for complete file
     *  @param subPadlen padding structure set for sequence items
     *  @param instanceLength number of extra bytes added to the item/dataset
     *    length used when computing the padding. This parameter is for instance
     *    used to pass the length of the file meta information header from the
     *    DcmFileFormat to the DcmDataset object.
     *  @param writeMode write file with or without meta header. Also allows for
     *    updating the information in the file meta information header.
     *  @return status, EC_Normal if successful, an error code otherwise
     */
    virtual OFCondition write(DcmOutputStream &outStream,
                              const E_TransferSyntax oxfer,
                              const E_EncodingType enctype,
                              DcmWriteCache *wcache,
                              const E_GrpLenEncoding glenc,
                              const E_PaddingEncoding padenc = EPD_noChange,
                              const Uint32 padlen = 0,
                              const Uint32 subPadlen = 0,
                              Uint32 instanceLength = 0,
                              const E_FileWriteMode writeMode = EWM_fileformat);

    /** write object in XML format.
     *  The XML declaration (e.g. <?xml version="1.0"?>) is not written by this function.
     *  @param out output stream to which the XML document is written
     *  @param flags optional flag used to customize the output (see DCMTypes::XF_xxx)
     *  @return status, EC_Normal if successful, an error code otherwise
     */
    virtual OFCondition writeXML(STD_NAMESPACE ostream&out,
                                 const size_t flags = 0);

    /** load object from a DICOM file.
     *  This method supports DICOM objects stored as a file (with meta header) or as a
     *  dataset (without meta header).  By default, the presence of a meta header is
     *  detected automatically.
     *  @param fileName name of the file to load
     *  @param readXfer transfer syntax used to read the data (auto detection if EXS_Unknown)
     *  @param groupLength flag, specifying how to handle the group length tags
     *  @param maxReadLength maximum number of bytes to be read for an element value.
     *    Element values with a larger size are not loaded until their value is retrieved
     *    (with getXXX()) or loadAllDataElements() is called.
     *  @param readMode read file with or without meta header, i.e. as a fileformat or a
     *    dataset.  Use ERM_fileOnly in order to force the presence of a meta header.
     *  @return status, EC_Normal if successful, an error code otherwise
     */
    virtual OFCondition loadFile(const char *fileName,
                                 const E_TransferSyntax readXfer = EXS_Unknown,
                                 const E_GrpLenEncoding groupLength = EGL_noChange,
                                 const Uint32 maxReadLength = DCM_MaxReadLength,
                                 const E_FileReadMode readMode = ERM_autoDetect);

    /** save object to a DICOM file.
     *  @param fileName name of the file to save
     *  @param writeXfer transfer syntax used to write the data (EXS_Unknown means use current)
     *  @param encodingType flag, specifying the encoding with undefined or explicit length
     *  @param groupLength flag, specifying how to handle the group length tags
     *  @param padEncoding flag, specifying how to handle the padding tags
     *  @param padLength number of bytes used for the dataset padding (has to be an even number)
     *  @param subPadLength number of bytes used for the item padding (has to be an even number)
     *  @param writeMode write file with or without meta header. Also allows for updating the
     *    information in the file meta information header.
     *  @return status, EC_Normal if successful, an error code otherwise
     */
    virtual OFCondition saveFile(const char *fileName,
                                 const E_TransferSyntax writeXfer = EXS_Unknown,
                                 const E_EncodingType encodingType = EET_UndefinedLength,
                                 const E_GrpLenEncoding groupLength = EGL_recalcGL,
                                 const E_PaddingEncoding padEncoding = EPD_noChange,
                                 const Uint32 padLength = 0,
                                 const Uint32 subPadLength = 0,
                                 const E_FileWriteMode writeMode = EWM_fileformat);

    // methods for different pixel representations

    /** select a specific representation (compressed or uncompressed) of the dataset
     *  and create the representation if needed. This may cause compression or decompression
     *  to be applied to the pixel data in the dataset.
     *  @param repType desired transfer syntax
     *  @param repParam desired representation parameter (e.g. quality factor for lossy compression)
     *  @return EC_Normal upon success, an error code otherwise.
     */
    OFCondition chooseRepresentation(const E_TransferSyntax repType,
                                     const DcmRepresentationParameter *repParam)
    {
        return getDataset()->chooseRepresentation(repType, repParam);
    }

    /** check if all PixelData elements in this dataset have a representation conforming
     *  to the given transfer syntax and representation parameters (see dcpixel.h for
     *  definition of "conforming").
     *  @param repType desired transfer syntax
     *  @param repParam desired representation parameter (e.g. quality factor for lossy compression)
     *  @return true if all pixel elements have the desired representation, false otherwise
     */
    OFBool hasRepresentation(const E_TransferSyntax repType,
                             const DcmRepresentationParameter *repParam)
    {
        return getDataset()->hasRepresentation(repType, repParam);
    }

    /** removes all but the original representation in all pixel data elements
     */
    void removeAllButOriginalRepresentations()
    {
        getDataset()->removeAllButOriginalRepresentations();
    }

    /** removes all but the current representation in all pixel data elements.
     *  Makes the current representation original.
     */
    void removeAllButCurrentRepresentations()
    {
        getDataset()->removeAllButCurrentRepresentations();
    }

    /** get current file read mode.  This mode specifies whether a file is read as a
     *  fileformat or dataset (without meta header).  In addition, the reading can be
     *  restricted to DICOM files only.
     *  @return file read mode
     */
    E_FileReadMode getReadMode() const
    {
        return FileReadMode;
    }

    /** set current file read mode.  This mode specifies whether a file is read as a
     *  fileformat or dataset (without meta header).  In addition, the reading can be
     *  restricted to DICOM files only.
     *  @param readMode file read mode to be set
     */
    void setReadMode(const E_FileReadMode readMode)
    {
        FileReadMode = readMode;
    }

    /** method inherited from base class that shall not be used for instances of this class.
     *  Method immediately returns with error code.
     *  @param item item
     *  @param where where
     *  @return always returns EC_IllegalCall.
     */
    virtual OFCondition insertItem(DcmItem *item, const unsigned long where = DCM_EndOfListIndex);

    /** method inherited from base class that shall not be used for instances of this class.
     *  Method immediately returns.
     *  @param num num
     *  @return always returns NULL.
     */
    virtual DcmItem *remove(const unsigned long num);

    /** method inherited from base class that shall not be used for instances of this class.
     *  Method immediately returns.
     *  @param item item
     *  @return always returns NULL.
     */
    virtual DcmItem *remove(DcmItem *item);

  private:

    /** This function checks if a particular data element of the file meta information header is
     *  existent.  If the element is not existent, it will be inserted.  Additionally, this function
     *  makes sure that the corresponding data element will contain a correct value.
     *  @param metainfo  the meta header information
     *  @param dataset   the data set information
     *  @param atagkey   tag of the data element which shall be checked
     *  @param obj       data object from metainfo which represents the data element that shall be checked.
     *                   Equals NULL if this data element is not existent in the meta header information.
     *  @param oxfer     The transfer syntax which shall be used.
     *  @param writeMode flag indicating whether to update the file meta information or not
     *  @return EC_Normal if successful, an error code otherwise
     */
    static OFCondition checkMetaHeaderValue(DcmMetaInfo *metainfo,
                                            DcmDataset *dataset,
                                            const DcmTagKey &atagkey,
                                            DcmObject *obj,
                                            const E_TransferSyntax oxfer,
                                            const E_FileWriteMode writeMode);

    /** read DCM_TransferSyntaxUID from meta header dataset and return as E_TransferSyntax value
     *  @param metainfo meta-header dataset
     *  @return E_TransferSyntax value for DCM_TransferSyntaxUID, EXS_Unknown if not found or unknown
     */
    static E_TransferSyntax lookForXfer(DcmMetaInfo *metainfo);

    /// file read mode, specifies whether to read the meta header or not
    E_FileReadMode FileReadMode;
};

#endif // DCFILEFO_H

/*
** CVS/RCS Log:
** $Log: dcfilefo.h,v $
** Revision 1.38  2010-10-20 16:34:08  joergr
** Renamed method to avoid warnings reported by gcc with additional flags.
**
** Revision 1.37  2010-10-20 16:31:25  joergr
** Added missing API documentation.
**
** Revision 1.36  2010-10-14 13:15:41  joergr
** Updated copyright header. Added reference to COPYRIGHT file.
**
** Revision 1.35  2010-10-08 08:37:01  joergr
** Enhanced documentation on pixel-related parameters.
**
** Revision 1.34  2010-03-01 09:08:44  uli
** Removed some unnecessary include directives in the headers.
**
** Revision 1.33  2010-02-22 11:39:53  uli
** Remove some unneeded includes.
**
** Revision 1.32  2009-08-25 13:00:23  joergr
** Added new methods which remove all data elements with an invalid group number
** from the meta information header, dataset and/or fileformat.
** Fixed wrong comment on clear() method.
**
** Revision 1.31  2009-08-21 09:18:07  joergr
** Added parameter 'writeMode' to save/write methods which allows for specifying
** whether to write a dataset or fileformat as well as whether to update the
** file meta information or to create a new file meta information header.
**
** Revision 1.30  2008-07-17 11:19:48  onken
** Updated copyFrom() documentation.
**
** Revision 1.29  2008-07-17 10:30:23  onken
** Implemented copyFrom() method for complete DcmObject class hierarchy, which
** permits setting an instance's value from an existing object. Implemented
** assignment operator where necessary.
**
** Revision 1.28  2008-06-23 12:09:13  joergr
** Fixed inconsistencies in Doxygen API documentation.
**
** Revision 1.27  2007/11/29 14:30:19  meichel
** Write methods now handle large raw data elements (such as pixel data)
**   without loading everything into memory. This allows very large images to
**   be sent over a network connection, or to be copied without ever being
**   fully in memory.
**
** Revision 1.26  2006/08/15 15:49:56  meichel
** Updated all code in module dcmdata to correctly compile when
**   all standard C++ classes remain in namespace std.
**
** Revision 1.25  2005/12/08 16:28:13  meichel
** Changed include path schema for all DCMTK header files
**
** Revision 1.24  2005/12/02 08:48:17  joergr
** Added new file read mode that makes it possible to distinguish between DICOM
** files, datasets and other non-DICOM files.  For this reason, the last
** parameter of method loadFile() changed from OFBool to E_FileReadMode.
**
** Revision 1.23  2004/07/01 12:28:25  meichel
** Introduced virtual clone method for DcmObject and derived classes.
**
** Revision 1.22  2002/12/06 12:49:10  joergr
** Enhanced "print()" function by re-working the implementation and replacing
** the boolean "showFullData" parameter by a more general integer flag.
** Added doc++ documentation.
** Made source code formatting more consistent with other modules/files.
**
** Revision 1.21  2002/08/27 16:55:32  meichel
** Initial release of new DICOM I/O stream classes that add support for stream
**   compression (deflated little endian explicit VR transfer syntax)
**
** Revision 1.20  2002/08/20 12:18:35  meichel
** Changed parameter list of loadFile and saveFile methods in class
**   DcmFileFormat. Removed loadFile and saveFile from class DcmObject.
**
** Revision 1.19  2002/04/25 09:39:47  joergr
** Added support for XML output of DICOM objects.
**
** Revision 1.18  2002/04/11 12:22:51  joergr
** Added new methods for loading and saving DICOM files.
**
** Revision 1.17  2001/09/25 17:19:26  meichel
** Adapted dcmdata to class OFCondition
**
** Revision 1.16  2001/06/01 15:48:40  meichel
** Updated copyright header
**
** Revision 1.15  2000/04/14 15:31:32  meichel
** Removed default value from output stream passed to print() method.
**   Required for use in multi-thread environments.
**
** Revision 1.14  2000/03/08 16:26:14  meichel
** Updated copyright header.
**
** Revision 1.13  2000/03/03 14:05:23  meichel
** Implemented library support for redirecting error messages into memory
**   instead of printing them to stdout/stderr for GUI applications.
**
** Revision 1.12  2000/02/10 10:50:51  joergr
** Added new feature to dcmdump (enhanced print method of dcmdata): write
** pixel data/item value fields to raw files.
**
** Revision 1.11  1999/03/31 09:24:38  meichel
** Updated copyright header in module dcmdata
**
** Revision 1.10  1998/11/12 16:47:39  meichel
** Implemented operator= for all classes derived from DcmObject.
**
** Revision 1.9  1997/07/21 08:14:39  andreas
** - New environment for encapsulated pixel representations. DcmPixelData
**   can contain different representations and uses codecs to convert
**   between them. Codecs are derived from the DcmCodec class. New error
**   codes are introduced for handling of representations. New internal
**   value representation (only for ident()) for PixelData
** - Replace all boolean types (BOOLEAN, CTNBOOLEAN, DICOM_BOOL, BOOL)
**   with one unique boolean type OFBool.
**
** Revision 1.8  1997/05/27 13:48:27  andreas
** - Add method canWriteXfer to class DcmObject and all derived classes.
**   This method checks whether it is possible to convert the original
**   transfer syntax to an new transfer syntax. The check is used in the
**   dcmconv utility to prohibit the change of a compressed transfer
**   syntax to a uncompressed.
**
** Revision 1.7  1997/05/16 08:23:47  andreas
** - Revised handling of GroupLength elements and support of
**   DataSetTrailingPadding elements. The enumeratio E_GrpLenEncoding
**   got additional enumeration values (for a description see dctypes.h).
**   addGroupLength and removeGroupLength methods are replaced by
**   computeGroupLengthAndPadding. To support Padding, the parameters of
**   element and sequence write functions changed.
** - Added a new method calcElementLength to calculate the length of an
**   element, item or sequence. For elements it returns the length of
**   tag, length field, vr field, and value length, for item and
**   sequences it returns the length of the whole item. sequence including
**   the Delimitation tag (if appropriate).  It can never return
**   UndefinedLength.
**
** Revision 1.6  1996/08/05 08:45:21  andreas
** new print routine with additional parameters:
**         - print into files
**         - fix output length for elements
** corrected error in search routine with parameter ESM_fromStackTop
**
** Revision 1.5  1996/07/29 15:46:23  andreas
** Add method getAndRemoveDataset to remove connection of dataset from fileformat
**
** Revision 1.4  1996/01/09 11:06:15  andreas
** New Support for Visual C++
** Correct problems with inconsistent const declarations
**
** Revision 1.3  1996/01/05 13:22:55  andreas
** - changed to support new streaming facilities
** - more cleanups
** - merged read / write methods for block and file transfer
**
*/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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I love the hourglass brushes. It is hard to find good synthetic brushes and these are really high quality and are really soft. It's not that I don't like this brush I just don't find much use for it. I bought this with the immaculate liquid powder foundation but I prefer to use vanish seamless foundation brush with it and that brush works with all foundations I have tried. I also don't find a need for it with powders, I bought the veil powder brush around the same time which is double ended with a big side and a smaller side and I always use this because it has to uses. It's a good brush but for me, I can't find an exact need for it because they have other brushes that do the job better.


text:
Oric Atmos
Martin Allan
Martin has been a software developer for many years. This is mixed with a passion for retro machines and game,
The Oric Atmos was a British 8-bit computer that superseded the slightly buggy but decent overall Oric 1.
Like it's predecessor, this machine gained some level of popularity in Europe during the early to mid nineteen eighties.
Despite being a decent machine, just like it's predecessor, it never really managed to fully compete against the likes of the ZX Spectrum, Commodore's Vic 20 and Commodore 64, the Amstrad CPC 464, or Acorn's Acorn Electron and education king-pin the BBC Micro.
So let's have a look at another lesser known 8-bit computer that just didn't quite manage to make it in the UK during the height of the 8-bit era...
The Oric Atmos
8-bits of power from the Oric Atmos
Oric try again to muscle in...
Just like the Oric 1, the Atmos was manufactured as a direct competitor to the Sinclair ZX Spectrum.
It was blessed with a better keyboard than the Oric 1 (which also had a nice keyboard) and the pesky problems in the ROM which had niggled the previous Oric machine, had finally been ironed out.
This was a major plus point over the Oric 1.
It was by far less a cool looking unit though, and the black and orange combo keyboard just didn't look good at all. It looked a little cheap and tacky to be honest, and a more subtle colour scheme would have helped a lot.
The problems loading programs from cassette were still present though, which was a real down side to the machine.
The Atmos really should have had this little quirk nailed on the head, especially as it wanted to compete with other 8-bit machines of a similar stature.
There was nothing more annoying than not being able to load your favourite game until you tried it four times.
Oric Atmos Machine specifications
As was becoming the norm, the machine came in both a 16K and 48K version, although the 16k version was not upgradeable, which really was inforgiveable.
By 1984 16K was no longer considered enough memory for a home computer, and the fact that you could not expand it virtually made the 16K version of the machine instantly obsolete.
It goes without saying that not many of the 16K models were sold.
This small amount of memory could not support many computer games by 1984 and by this time your average punter demanded more memory. 16K? Pah!
If you fancied trying your hand at programming, a good version of BASIC was installed on the machine.
Tangerine basic was actually created by Microsoft and was an upgrade to the Basic used on the Oric 1.
For budding learners it was a decent version to get your teeth into. Not quite on a par with Acorn's BBC basic, but no other 8-bit machine was.
The peripherals that had been promised for it's predecessor (including a Modem, 3.5" floppy disk drive and printer) were also released for the Atmos late in 1984; but again this was a problem as other machines such as the ZX Spectrum, BBC Micro and Commodore 64 were already blessed with a host of peripherals such as micro-drives, floppy drives, printers, joysticks, modems and light-pens.
A brochure advert for the Oric Atmos
The tape loading problems with the Oric Atmos could give you insomnia
A UK TV Advert For The Oric Atmos
Oric Atmos Gaming
Flash! Ah-AHHHH! Couldn't quite save the Oric....
How it ended for Oric - and how it began again
The machine, like it's predecessor, became popular over the channel in France.
The French models incorporated a scart power supply which tidied up the Oric cable problem that I am sure Oric users will remember (a cable for the machine, one for the cassette deck, one for the TV and one for any other peripherals that may be attached!). Phew.
The Oric Atmos was a fine machine that never really managed to take off in the UK.
It lived through 1984 and 1985 before fading into obscurity as it lost out to the Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum. BBC Micro and the Amstrad CPC machines.
By 1986 it had effectively vanished from the high street and the ZX Spectrum and C64 ruled the home computing roost (with the Amstrad lagging just a little behind).
As the whole retro gaming scene is booming, new titles are now being developed for the Oric Atmos, which is great news.
Emulation is also in full swing and classic and new titles (check out the Elite type game in the video below) can be enjoyed by enthusiasts (check out www.oric.org and www.defence-force.org).
The AY Chip was always a pretty good piece of hardware too so the machine was capable of producing very nice sound effects and music.
Perphaps we can all finally see what the machine is capable of after all these years...
Defence Force games for Oric machines
Defence Force are making modern games for both the Oric 1 and Oric Atmos.
They have even developed some 4KB (Yep that's a paltry 4KB of RAM folks!) games to really push the capabilities of the machines as well as the programmers!
A 'Light Cycles' game (made famous by the movie TRON) has been created called Cyclotron. Sparse on sound effects but high on gameplay - a superb piece of programming within the limits of only 4KB of RAM.
A 4KB version of the classic arcade game Kong was created for the minigames competition and is also available from the Defence Force website.
These games are a marvel in technical achievement and prove just what can be accomplished on a retro computer via the use of good old assembler.
More games are being created all the time so keep looking around for new games for your Oric machine.
Awesome stuff...
Elite Style Game For The Oric Atmos
Acorn Atom
by Martin Allan2
VIC 20
Oric 1
Best Nintendo Wii Games For Kids Under 10 - A Parent's Review
by Suzanne Day14
Best MMO Mouse for PC Gaming 2019
by Brandon Hart26
Build a Ryzen 3 2200G Fortnite Gaming Computer With a $350 Budget
by Brandon Hart0
Any Fans Of The Oric Atmos?
4 weeks ago from uk
I was only twelve years old at the time anyway but when I was old enough to work my first pc was a tulip 286 pc it was the only thing I could afford at the time even the pc of that time was a 486 thank you martin
4 weeks ago from Sunny Scotland
I write a single article on a single machine at a time. The TRS80 is one I still haven't written about, but may well get around to it.
I did know one person back in the 80's who had one, but I have never actually used one.
There's no mention of the tandy tr80 what it was there was a main assembly room and a smaller room at back of assembley room which had glass window looking onto main assembly room at the back of this assembly room were outside windows which normal had there curtains drawn on occasions they were opened to let more light in there were rows of these tr80 machines but they were rarely used I never saw anybody on them I used to think what a waste of money not many people knew how use them
7 years ago from Sunny Scotland
Yep - I must be INSANE!
You are insane. The atmos is the gr8st looking after the speccy
Mickael Pointier
Not a bad article, but you could probably add a bunch of useful links to modern Oric resources for people who are interested in knowing more about the machine, like:
- www.oric.org - where most of the Oric software is reviewed, with screenshots, etc...
- www.defence-force.org - which host the most active Oric forums and is responsible for games like Space:1999, 1337, Stormlord, etc...


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David Hockney's Auction-Night Glorification – The octogenarian artist is officially the priciest living painter, thanks to the banner sale of his 1972 painting Portrait of an Artist (Pool With Two Figures) at Christie's postwar and contemporary art auction, where it went for $90.3 million without a reserve price.
Bangladeshi Photographer Finally Gets Bail – This week the government in Bangladesh finally granted bail for artist Shahidul Alam, though his fight for freedom has a long way to go. Alam was arrested in August, and his baseless imprisonment has caused an international uproar, with many fellow photographers and artists calling for his release.
Centuries-Old Artwork Is Uncovered – The Borneo jungle is the home of the world's oldest figurative art, scientists discovered this week. A cave painting there reveals the faint outline of wild cattle, drawn on the walls in red iron oxide approximately 40,000 years ago.
Middling Sales at Sotheby's – Despite a slew of unsold works at Sotheby's Impressionist and Modern sale, René Magritte's Surrealist canvas broke a record, and works by Kandinsky and Egon Schiele won favorable results.
David Zwirner Snags an Art Star – The mega-gallery has added MacArthur "genius" grant recipient and market darling Njideka Akunyili Crosby to its roster, representing the painter in the United States and Asia.
Frank Sinatra Comes to Sotheby's – One of the most beloved cultural figures of the 20th century, the leader of the "Rat Pack" Frank Sinatra was quite the fine artist, too… though there's a reason he's famous for his songs (and known as Ol' Blue Eyes, not Ol' Blue Paint). A sale this December at Sotheby's will include eight works by the singer, plus memorabilia that belonged the Chairman of the Board.
The Amazon-Sized Challenge Brought by Bezos & Co. – To nobody's surprise, Amazon announced Long Island City as one of two new cities slated for the company's new headquarters—but how will the e-tail giant affect the local arts communities? In all the wrong ways, according to artnet News's critic Ben Davis.
Bill Cosby Is Cashing in on His Art Collection – The once beloved comedian is reportedly selling off works from his collection to pay for long-running legal cases as he serves out his prison sentence for sexual assault. Two of Cosby's works by American master Thomas Hart Benton are up for sale, and could fetch a total of $14 million.
A Statement Through Whitewashing – Meanwhile, the artist Ron English bought a Banksy mural, but says he will whitewash the $730,000 piece to protest the ongoing commercialization of street art.
A Tepid Night at Phillips – The auction house had a disappointing night, bringing in only $88.5 million after marquee lots were pulled just before the sale began—though street art phenom KAWS did continue his hot streak, with record-breaking sales.
Embroiled Billionaire – Dmitry Rybolovlev was officially charged in a sweeping corruption case that spans multiple countries and involves a bevy of fine-art and financial dealings, including the Russian billionaire's consignment of Salvator Mundi last December at Christie's.


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text:
Don't Play A Position; Play Lacrosse!
Last Modified: September 6, 2022 Posted By: Nick Bonsignore
Playing Lacrosse is honestly a gift.
The sport offers a pace and competitiveness that isn't rivaled by many other sports out there. Sadly many players (potentially you) are not taking advantage of all that this wonderful game has to offer. If you take a second to look at the opportunities that have been presented to several different players in recent years, and in the past, you can see that it is much more fun to experiment with the game of Lacrosse. This means using various sticks, various stringing patterns, and various styles of equipment between different forms of the game.
Defensemen should practice using short sticks to develop better stick skills. Attackmen should play defense for a chance to get some payback. Or maybe they can work on their footwork and body positioning. Not my call. Lacrosse Shooters should hop in the cage so they appreciate their goalie more and potentially work on reaction time. Midfielders should just keep running like always but on both sides of the field. Transition goals are some of the most exciting plays in games! Being on the field more, and playing the game in many ways, will only make you a better player, never a worse one.
Lyle Thompson: Our Allen Iverson/Wayne Gretzky Hybrid
Despite Lyle Thompson never winning it all, he was "The Great One" in college. Much like Wayne Gretzky on the ice, he was unstoppable and always had some extra flair too. He was and is a fearless attacker much like AI. Unafraid of defenders because he is just more skilled.
His unrivaled ability to score and assist was only combated by his brother Miles; who shared the Tewaaraton award with him in 2014. Lyle and his brother spent their youth and summers experimenting with the game in styles of "backyard lacrosse". This style involves shooting and passing at a board with a hole just big enough for a ball to pass through covering the goal. They also learned to approach scoring and passing differently; to create rather than play. Experimentation allowed them to adapt to the changing moments of a game much better than most players. However, this was not their only method of lacrosse training outside of the field.
Lyle Thompson is the dominant force that he is, and was an All-Time Great of College Lacrosse because he grew up playing Box Lacrosse. His vision and ability to keep the ball in his stick comes from Box Lacrosse. Even when a defender is draped over him he has skills that he perfected in Box that allow him to play it cool. If you check out the video on YouTube "Lyle Thompson vs. Matt Landis" you can see how he keeps the ball glued to his stick most of the game. Late in the game, Landis starts getting the ball out with the help of slides and Thompson's fatigue, but he still keeps his composure for the most part.
Take the time to find a Box League or take the chance on playing up North if you don't live by any. Box can greatly improve your offensive confidence along with making you a better defender. No poles means body positioning or bust. Every player plays defense in Box, and the defensive pressure you will experience is aggressive. Being able to play under this pressure will make regular defense seem like a massage. This will improve your game no matter what position you play in Field Lacrosse; even Goalie.
Blaze Riorden Coast to Coast; Then Goalie to Forward
An amazing goalie for the Albany Danes during their prime with the Thompson family is now also playing professional Box Lacrosse. The influence of playing with the Thompsons luckily motivated Blaze Riorden to try out Box Lacrosse with him one summer. They were all at Albany and Blaze took a trip with the Thompsons to play Box the right way. You might recognize the fruits of his labor from every highlight page below…
After going with The Thompsons and trying out Box Lacrosse he went on to play forward, not goalie, on the USA Indoor Team. Blaze also made The Buffalo Bandits this year, again at Forward. Despite what people may think of Blaze because he plays Goalie, he is a great athlete and his stick skills are very sound. Blaze fit right in becuase he spent a lot of time on his stick skills along with playing goalie! And if you don't have great hands like Blaze, then playing Box will only make you better. Another perfect example of transitioning into Box Lacrosse is Liam Byrnes, a defensive mastermind.
Liam Byrnes: Downsizing the Big Man
If you've watched Marquette play in the past few years, your eye was probably on the long-haired LSM that was a ground ball vacuum. Liam Byrnes racked up awards and impressive stats every year at Marquette. He even became a Captain and the Big East Defensive Player of the year in his senior year. Obviously, an accomplished defensive player that was no stranger to moving the ball upfield, Liam recently tried his hand at Box Lacrosse. Claiming that he hasn't played with a short stick since the 6th grade, he figured he had nothing to lose!
Luckily for Liam, he is playing great and made the Georgia Swarm where he will play alongside who you might ask? Oh yeah, Lyle Thompson. Also a member of the Florida Launch with Thompson, Brynes will play Transition for the Swarm and should fit in nicely with his ability to get the ball off the carpet and his solid footwork. More players need to realize that they have opportunity and value outside of their normal role in Field Lacrosse. All it takes is a chance to play and you could be doubling your game-time while also becoming a better overall Lacrosse Player.
Dillon Ward: It's Not About The Size of The Goal
Many players find it hard to change position, which is ok, but sometimes it is even harder to stay the same. Dillon Ward is arguably one of the best goalies in Canda, Box or Field. Ward manages to have success in both even though the stance for Field vs Box is very different. The mechanics and movements used to make saves differ greatly. Since a Box goal is much shorter than a Field goal the goalie must be lower and wider. Using the skill he learned in Box to make his body bigger with a wide stance helps Dylan be a better Field Goalie. His slender and tall frame don't take up a ton of the goal, but his stance helps with that.
When he is playing Box Lacrosse, Dylan has many extra pads that allow him to occupy more space in the goal, but he must also make his body bigger by working the posts, angles, and using a wide stance to compensate. Applying this technique to Field Lacrosse that has a much bigger goal allows Ward to make extra saves with his body that he isn't quick enough to react to with his stick. Ward makes saves on shots he doesn't even see by being in the best position with his stance that also is great for close up shots that he must attack.
Grow Yourself and Grow the Game
Lacrosse is a game where every player is a part of the offense and defense. Goalies direct clears and Attackmen start the ride. Players need to recognize that experimenting with their game will make you a better player. A smarter player. A more developed player. Try out a different position, or try box even; if just for a day and I guarantee you will not regret it. Lacrosse is about a connection with the game. There's no better way to do that than by playing the game every way you can, any time you can.
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Why are numerous dental experts in Oakville not open on Friday?
Like lots of people, you could expect Friday as well as the beginning of a vacation. You could expect spending quality time with friends and family or obtaining captured up on a few of your tasks that you could refrain from doing throughout the job week as a result of your hectic routine. Nevertheless, when your oral wellness has actually ended up being a key worry, you could assume too that Friday is the last day of the week throughout which you could obtain basic treatment. Actually, lots of oral service providers in Oakville currently make it a concern to remain open Friday as well as be open Saturday for individuals that require healing solutions for immediate oral worries. If you have ever before asked yourself, "Are there any type of Friday dental practitioners near me in Oakville, CA?" you could take heart in recognizing that a complimentary as well as no-obligation source waits for to address this concern for you. You could be matched with the most effective Oakville dental office open on Friday when you call this 24 hr California oral reference solution today.
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The majority of dental professional like other expert take the weekend break off after 5 days of effort which's completely regular. Nonetheless, if a mishap occurs or somebody requires the expert for whatever factor, they typically need to wait suffering up until Monday to see him. Not us. We understand Oakville dental professionals open on Sunday that will certainly carry out emergency situation solutions when a damaged tooth requires an origin canal prior to it requires caps or crowns. Our dental practitioners will certainly collaborate with you on oral funding if your insurance coverage will not spend for whatever emergency situation owned you to the dental practitioner on a weekend break. Versatile repayment alternatives, cash money, checks and also bank card are all methods of repayment with which our dental professionals will certainly function.
When you are dealing with an oral emergency situation, you could require therapy rapidly. 24 Hour Dental matching program in Oakville, CA could aid you locate a dental clinic that prepares to treat you as well as lessen your discomfort as well as danger of infection. Spanish talking dental practitioners in Oakville are likewise offered that prepare to se habla espanol for customers.
Although they look tough, your teeth are in fact fairly vulnerable. They could fracture, damage, obtain knocked senseless, or come to be loosened without much caution or reason. When among your teeth ends up being broken and also leaves you suffering beyond typical service hrs, your following idea may be, "Is there an emergency situation dental expert near me in Oakville, CA that can see me today?". Instead of experience the discomfort of a damaged tooth or a tooth pain that should have a tooth removal done on it, you could locate a dental practitioner in Oakville that is open currently for emergency situation solutions when you call this complimentary, no-obligation 24 hr California oral reference line. Also if you get in touch with the weekend break or on a vacation, you could be offered evaluations regarding an oral workplace in Oakville that supplies emergency situation treatment as well as could see you the very same day that you call this 24/7 oral matching program.


I cannot find any reference as to what this may display. It would be crazy helpful if it would give me a master count like in the bottom left of Studio!
I like to know when one of our 78 masters goes offline before our patrons.
If anyone figures this out? Let me know.


text:
Freddy Zalta
Joined November 2017
Currently working with families to develop personal biographies to be handed down to future generations.
Also writing fiction and poetry.
https://linktr.ee/Freddyzalta
The Curse of the Poet
Parades of working class heroes coming up from underground. Walking as if in a trance. New York City, a week or so from Christmas, cold air and green trees line the sidewalks. But the beauty is lost and ignored.
Published 22 days ago22 days ago in Poets
That Lucky Old Sun
A sense of self imposed apartheid; bars on my window and chains on my door, visible to myself, to others they are non existent, there are no restraints.
Maybe...
It was a beautiful spring day after a long and cold winter. I spent lunch sitting in the grass in Bryant Park. Something had gone wrong for me along the way to the summit. I had been sentenced to time in a cubicle selling invisible screams for attention.
Published 2 months ago2 months ago in Fiction
Infidels
Prologue I am writing this testimonial to simply put straight all the rumors, lies, and fantasies that have been written, spoken, and sung about me. I have been the fodder for the creative poverty population who are stricken with the disease of self importance and are self appointed experts and rank strangers who claim to have known me, loved me, and befriended me. I keep a very tight circle so all who have claimed ownership of the knowledge are simply owners of either exaggerated falsehoods or the deluded companion bankrupt searching for some land or parcel to call their own.
Published 4 years ago4 years ago in Beat
The Ultimate Polish Joke
Late on Tuesday, Polish President Andrzej Duda signed into law a law would make it illegal to accuse the nation of complicity in crimes committed by Nazi Germany, including the Holocaust.
Published 4 years ago4 years ago in The Swamp
Date from Hell: 06/06/06
I received a call from an ex-lover who was now seeing someone I was friends with from the past. "Freddy, how are you doing?" Hearing her voice conjured memories of sex in the stairwells where we both worked, bathroom sex in restaurants, and rooftop sex in the middle of a rain storm. What the voice did not bring back to mind was the lunacy and evil, wicked scenes we played out in her apartment or on a bench in Central Park when she scratched my face.
Published 4 years ago4 years ago in Humans
The List of Power Abusers Now Include Matt Lauer and Garrison Keiller
News broke out this morning about Matt Lauer's firing. It was announced on his former program on NBC's "Today Show." Another person who was wildly popular who used his power to sexually harass others. Another wildly popular and emulated celebrity who betrayed.
Published 4 years ago4 years ago in Viva
Shadows and Ghosts
You feel it when you leave. There is an inner burning sensation, its location is random or maybe not. The sensation starts off numb but soon it's aflame.
Published 4 years ago4 years ago in Psyche
Tales from The F Train
Five forty five, Tuesday, November 7th, 2017 waiting for the F train in the 34th Street station. Its been a day yet it feels as if it were three. But! I have my kindle in my pocket and "Look Homeward, Angel," waiting to be read. The world of Liza, Gant, Eugene and the people of Altamont.
Pagination: 2 pages


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