Here's an idea from Jane Buckman designed to help those clients who have difficulty saying, "...I deeply and completely accept myself."
When a first time client begins to show anguish in saying the second half of the set up statement, I deeply and completely accept myself, I will have them tag on three words. The set up statement becomes: Even though I have this problem, I deeply and completely accept myself and my humanness. I do this when I see or sense that they are having extreme difficulty accepting the phrase either because of guilt, shame, unworthiness, or self-esteem issues around the issue they are presenting.
I have found that as soon as we add "and my humanness," the door of compassion and self-acceptance opens a little and we are then on our way. Once that is done with the first tapping round you no longer have to continue to add the phrase.
Thank you so much for your ongoing support.


text:
Bob Dylan, Saved, Shot Of Love, Slow Train Coming, Trouble No More - The Bootleg Series Vol. 13 / 1979-1981 Deluxe
Bob Dylan – Trouble No More – The Bootleg Series Vol. 13 / 1979-1981 Deluxe
I first got turned on to Bob Dylan in the fall of 1977 when I entered college. My dorm neighbor Paul, who was a few years older than me, took me under his wing. One of the several things he turned me on to that fall was Dylan. I recall Highway 61 Revisited, Desire, Greatest Hits Vol. 2 and Pat Garrett from his collection.
The summer after freshman year (1978) I bought my first Dylan album, a new release, Street Legal. I was disappointed in Street Legal compared to what I had previously heard and enjoyed from Dylan. Over the years, I have come to fully appreciate Street Legal, but at the time I did not understand it. At the time, I continued to mine Dylan's back catalog vs. listening to Street Legal.
The next summer (1979), Slow Train Coming was released. I was experiencing a classic Dylan pivot in real-time and I was in the perfect place to fully appreciate it. I loved that album and it's follow ups Saved and Shot Of Love. All three were Christian albums – quit a shock to most of Dylan's audience. I found a passion in those albums that seemed to be lacking in Street Legal. I had just dropped out of a Catholic seminary, so I did not find it offensive that Dylan was embracing Christianity. At the time I was trying to find my way in faith and spirituality and admired (and was a bit jealous of) Dylan's fresh certainty in Jesus.
I remember at the time, that even though the rock intelligentsia was annoyed that Dylan was a born again Christian, they could not deny the brilliance of his live performances of the new Christian material. Dylan had a crack band and a small female gospel choir. He had developed a uniquely Dylanesque take on gospel music. I never got a chance to witness Dylan's Christian phase live and I have been pining for the Bootleg series to present it.
Trouble No More takes a deep dive over eight CDs and one DVD of the Christian era. Six CDs of live material and two of unreleased and rare material. As much as I have loved Slow Train Coming, Saved and Shot of Love, it is otherworldly to hear that material live. And like most eras of Dylan's career, he left amazing material off the albums. Bootleg Vol. 13 is a treasure chest of previously hidden gold (unreleased songs and live cuts) from his Christian period.
One of the all time greatest linear note essays is on Vol. 13. Proud atheist and Dylan fanatic, Penn Jillette (of Penn and Teller fame), comes to terms with how great Dylan's Christian period was (Jillette admits he was a hater of the Christian trilogy when it was released back in the day). Jillette is candid, confessional, insightful and most of all entertaining in his essay. Here is a taste:
I am the fool who still says in his heart there is no God, but Dylan's gospel is stronger than my lack of faith.
One of the joys of this release are the many variations of the key songs from the Christian era and how those songs morphed and evolved over a three-year period.
The principal pleasure of this album is Dylan's singing. It is passionate, fierce and soulful. He was clearly inspired. The band, backup singers and arrangements rival the best of Dylan's career. Dylan has always had great bands, but this one is extra special. By the end of the era he was mixing his hits into the set list. Although it is great to hear these songs with this version of Dylan and his band, he is not nearly as passionate performing them as he is the Christian material. You realize how into this new music he was when you hear the old songs next to the new songs.
Many have been bewildered by Dylan's born again Christian era, but the lesson of Trouble No More is don't try to understand, just enjoy its devotional beauty. It is a leap of faith that will reward.
The full deluxe release is not on Spotify, only a 15 song appetizer. The regular edition is a mere two CDs (but 10% of the cost of the deluxe edition). Sorry you will need to layout $150 to get the full super sized meal (or wait a few years – the full Bootleg editions will eventually show up on Spotify). If you can't afford the financial commitment, listen to Slow Train Coming, Saved, Shot of Love and the Trouble No More sampler (all linked below) for a rich dive into Dylan's Christian era. The deluxe edition has some nice packaging in the form of a mini coffee table book and excellent essays and song-by-song commentary.
Dylan has amazed and baffled his audience for nearly 60 years. I remember well how poorly the rock world reacted to this material. I was ignorant enough and square enough to not know any better and I fully embraced it. It is a thrill to have eight CDs worth of material from this era to bathe in. It has been a slow train for this music to finally get its props.
Jim S. permalink
I share your passion for all things Dylan but neither love nor hate this era, just don't know it very well. I will absolutely give your Spotify lists a spin in the coming days. Sadly, I've never seen Mr. Zimmerman live and given how his voice sounds these days and how he seems to play his songs any way he feels like it, I doubt if I ever will.
catchgroove permalink
Try the trouble no more sampler first – especially the live cuts.
Vinyl Connection permalink
Can't imagine springing for this lavish set, but have certainly logged Penn's essay to try to ferret out on-line.
I can't begin to quantify how much money I have squandered on Dylan.
Squandered would be if you spent it on Bieber; Dylan is a wise investment.
Best of 2017 | Axl's Catch Groove
Kanye West – Jesus Is King | Axl's Catch Groove
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Check out this latest report in Nephrology News and Issues.
Honestly, why the quiz? It's pretty much a given that being on dialysis is a risk - especially for the elderly. All that can really be done at this point is either get an organ transplant or hope they already took out a plan from PPLIC or something.
In the News: Is Normal Saline good enough?
In The News: Basic research in nephrology?
Topic Discussion: Myeloma and the kidney- why?


As the anniversary of the passage Affordable Care Act approaches on Saturday, advocates from across North Carolina urged lawmakers to stand with them and protect their care against partisan repeal and sabotage efforts at a press conference at the General Assembly.
In 2017, Senator Thom Tillis claimed that he supported keeping protections for pre-existing conditions, but last week he voted to give a lifetime appointment to a judge that led the effort to eliminate protections for individuals with pre-existing conditions.
This week, Protect Our Care unveiled their health care agenda for the new Congress. The agenda is detailed in a new report, which calls for bold Congressional action to defend the Affordable Care Act against Republican attacks, strengthen Medicaid and Medicare, lower costs, and enact further protections for individuals with pre-existing conditions.
Washington Post: Google needs regulation. Republicans are too busy screaming about bias.
Google's CEO Sundar Pichai was taken to task last week in a Congressional hearing demanding answers from the tech giant. The overwhelming issue at hand is, of course, consumer protection and privacy. Unfortunately, this was not the main topic of conversation as Republican lawmakers focused on their party's internet presence instead of constituents' needs.
Read more about Washington Post: Google needs regulation. Republicans are too busy screaming about bias.
Attorney General Josh Stein has been an ardent supporter of consumer protections throughout his tenure as AG and long before in his law career. We want to encourage him to continue to fight for the rights of consumers, in particular in regards to internet privacy and security.
It's not just Facebook who has some major bugs to work out in order to regain consumers trust. Just this month, an article published that Google is having the exact same problems through their Google+ platform.
It has become impossible to avoid report after report of ways tech companies are violating the privacy of consumers and abusing our data. Google, which controls the most popular search engine, email service, and web browser, is at the top of the list.
Read more about Reclaim Your Data Today!
North Carolinians for a Fair Economy Advisory Board Members again exposed Congressman George Holding's harmful voting record on two issues of great importance to his constituents in the 2nd Congressional District: his 23 votes to repeal or undermine the Affordable Care Act and his support for the #TrumpHoldingTaxCut that benefits big corporations, millionaires, and billionaires at the expense of working families in his own congressional district.
North Carolinians For a Fair Economy is highlighting a new report from the Center for American Progress (CAP) showing how recent efforts by President Trump and Congressman George Holding to sabotage and repeal the Affordable Care Act (ACA) accounts for an average increase of $4210 in the health insurance premiums for a family of four in Congressman Holding's own congressional district.


Krishna is a six year old boy that first came to BCMF one year ago after being diagnosed with cardiac disease. His family is ethnically Nepali and live in Kachin State. However, in 2011 fighting broke out in their village between the Burmese Army and the Kachin Independence Army. Fighting between the two armed groups restarted in June 2011 after a 17-year-old ceasefire broke down. Some estimate that the conflict resulted in the displacement of over 100,000 civilians. According to news reports, fighting broke out as a result of the Burmese central government attempting to take control of Kachin Independence Army controlled areas and attempts to secure areas around lucrative energy projects in Kachin and Shan state, the majority of which are backed by the Chinese government. To escape the fighting, Krishna and his family had to relocate to a camp for internally displaced persons (IDP).
When Krishna was three years old, his parents noticed that he was frequently tired, his fingers and toes were often blue, he was short of breath, and could not walk more than 10 steps without becoming fatigued. His father said he often suffered seizures as well and his parents constantly had to keep an eye on him. (Seizures are not uncommon in children with cardiac disease during periods when there is not enough oxygen).
Krishna's father took him to Myitkyina, the capital of Kachin State. There, they saw a pediatrician who told them that they should wait until Krishna was at least 5 years old and then take him for investigation and treatment in a larger city such as Rangoon or Mandalay. When he turned 5, his father took him to Mandalay and the cardiologist there told him that Krishna needed surgery and the cost of the surgery alone would be approximately 7,000,000 kyat ($7,200 USD). When considering the full costs of investigation, follow-up, medication, etc. the total cost would be closer to 10,000,000 kyat ($10,300 USD). Krishna's father knew he could never hope to afford the cost of surgery for his son, so he returned home. He called his sister who works in Bangkok and told her about Krishna's health problems. She encouraged them to come to Thailand for treatment and arranged to cover the costs of their passports and visa fees. However, when Krishna and his father visited a hospital in Bangkok, they were told the surgery would cost 200,000 baht ($6,400 USD). Originally, Krishna's aunt hoped that Krishna could receive reduced cost medical treatment under Thailand's 30 baht health insurance system. (The government of Thailand has established a universal health coverage scheme that allows Thai citizens to access health care at local hospitals at a rate of 30 baht per consultation). However, the hospital informed them that because they were not Thai citizens they were not entitled to health coverage under the Thai health insurance system and they would have to pay the full costs of Krishna's surgery out of pocket. Later, Krishna's aunt met a BCMF staff person in Bangkok who suggested that Krishna might qualify for the program and encouraged her to follow-up with BCMF staff in Mae Sot. Two days later, she traveled from Bangkok to the Mae Tao Clinic in Mae Sot along with Krishna and his father. There, medics confirmed his diagnosis of cardiac disease and BCMF staff enrolled him in the program.
Krishna went to Chiang Mai a total of three times. The first time was for an initial investigation and doctors put Krishna on heart medication to help stabilize his condition. He later returned to Chiang Mai for a follow-up appointment to monitor his condition and to determine that he was on the right dose of medication. Krishna then went to Chiang Mai a third time in October 2013 for surgery. Krishna has Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), a congenital heart defect which includes four anatomical abnormalities of the heart. He underwent a surgery known as 'total correction' to correct all four abnormalities.
Krishna's father said that their overall experience in Chiang Mai was good. He was especially impressed that they faced no discrimination from the doctors or nurses; he said that all of the patients were treated equally well regardless of where they were from. He noted that this is not the case in Burma and that ethnic minorities are not always treated as well in Burmese Hospitals. Krishna's father also said that he asked the cardiologist in Mandalay to provide them with a referral letter that they could take with them when they sought treatment in Thailand. The doctor charged them 6,000 kyat for a letter that only included one or two sentences about Krishna's diagnosis. However, when they got to Thailand, none of the staff in the Thai hospitals could read the doctor's handwriting. By contrast, in Thailand, he said the doctors and nurses explained everything about Krishna's diagnosis and treatment clearly.
Following the surgery, Krishna's father says his condition is much better. He says that Krishna has more energy and now he can play without getting fatigued. Before the surgery, he could not walk more than 10 steps without getting tired. In fact, now he enjoys playing so much that his father has a hard time getting him to stop playing. When they were scheduled to come to BCMF for their post-operative interview, Krishna's father had a hard time convincing him to stop running around so they could go to the interview. His father had a huge smile on his face as he told BCMF staff this story; clearly he is very happy that Krishna now has the energy to play like a normal boy. Throughout the interview, Krishna played with a stuffed dinosaur given to him by BCMF staff and played computer games on one of our phones.
Krishna's father said he is very grateful and thankful to the staff of BCMF. At first, he thought he would not be able to get his son treatment because he could never have afforded the cost of the surgery in Mandalay. He said that even when he was working before they relocated to the IDP camp, he would not have been able to earn enough money in a lifetime to cover the cost of the surgery. He says he cannot find words to express his gratitude. He is so happy and before coming to BCMF, he could not have imagined how he would ever find a way to get his son treatment. He says he wishes the donors of BCMF happiness and hopes that they will be able to continue to support patients like Krishna.
Krishna's family has been very stressed, both about their living situation in the IDP camp and Krishna's health. However, now that his son is well, he says he no longer feels stressed even though he has to return to the IPD camp. He feels confident that he can start a new business when they are able to leave the camp, but his son's health is the most important thing of all.


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text:
package com.tle.webtests.pageobject.connectors;

import com.tle.webtests.framework.PageContext;
import com.tle.webtests.pageobject.PrefixedName;
import com.tle.webtests.pageobject.generic.entities.AbstractShowEntitiesPage;

public class ShowConnectorsPage extends AbstractShowEntitiesPage<ShowConnectorsPage> {
  public ShowConnectorsPage(PageContext context) {
    super(context);
  }

  @Override
  public String getSectionId() {
    return "sc";
  }

  @Override
  protected String getH2Title() {
    return "External system connectors";
  }

  @Override
  protected void loadUrl() {
    driver.get(context.getBaseUrl() + "access/connectors.do");
  }

  @Override
  protected String getEmptyText() {
    return "There a no available connectors to edit";
  }

  public <T extends AbstractConnectorEditPage<T>> T createConnector(T editor) {
    return createEntity(editor);
  }

  public <T extends AbstractConnectorEditPage<T>> T editConnector(T editor, PrefixedName name) {
    return editEntity(editor, name);
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Financial auditing is the process in which monetary reports are evaluated with the aim to provide fair view to the stakeholders about organizational performance. In this regard, financial auditing plays a vital role in developing faith in the mind of stakeholders. Moreover, it provides investors, directors and managers with the suitable framework for decision making and thereby aid in the growth aspect. The rationale behind this, financial auditing provides deeper insight about the extent to which annual statements are evaluated and analyzed according to specific rules related to it. The present report is based on British Petroleum (BP) which is multinational oil and Gas Company. It has attained seven positions in the oil and gas sector all over the world. In this, report will describe the extent to which BP has complied with audit rules and regulations. Besides this, it will also shed light on the deficiencies take place in the audit report of 2012 as compared to 2015.
In the present era, before taking investment decision investors make thorough analysis of audit report with the aim to get information about company's performance and position. In accordance with ISA 250 there are several objectives which auditor undertakes while making evaluation of financial statements. At the time of doing investigation it is the prior responsibility of the auditor to gather enough evidences for assessing the material amounts which have high level of impact on the financial aspects. By this, auditors are in position to present the fair view of financial statements and information (Sharma and Iselin, 2012). Along with this, auditors follow specified process while carry out investigation with the aim to reduce the effect of materiality.
Independent auditors report presented by BP for the year ended at 31 December, 2015 clearly shows that investigators have complied with all the rules and regulations of IFRS. Moreover, IFRS contains the rules which are accepted at international level and thereby develops trust in the mind of stakeholders that company's financial view is appropriate. Along with this, parent company of BP has prepared report by following the rules of UK GAAP including FRS 101. Further, audit report of BP Group presents that financial statements are prepared by the firm in accordance with Companies Act 2006. In 2015, auditors had reviewed all the financial statements such as income and cash flow, balance sheet, changes in equity format and related notes by taking into consideration IFRS. This aspect shows that auditors have fulfilled their responsibilities to the large extent.
In 2015, changes were introduced in IAS 28 which is related to making investments in associates. Along with this, IFRS 9 entailed different measures in relation to classifying and measurement of the asset level. In addition to this, changes were also made in IFRIC 21 which provides information about the aspects of employee contribution. This aspect shows that auditors made their best efforts in relation to identifying the deficiencies which are involved in the financial statements. In addition to this, whole report is presented by the auditor in a highly structured format.
Further, it is reported by the auditors in the audit report of 2015 is that BP group had prepared income and cash flow statement, balance sheet, changes in equity and summary notes according to IFRS which is adopted by EU (Huault and Richard, 2012). In addition to this, auditors ensured that they have followed the rules which are issued by International Accounting Standard Board. In accordance with the section of .05 regarding general principles of audit it is the accountability of an auditor to ensure that financial statements are free from the risk of material misstatement.
Section .07 entails that auditors are responsible for identifying and gathering enough evidences for evaluating the material misstatements which are prevailed in the financial statements. Hence, audit report of BP for the year ended at 31st December 2015 presents that auditors were identified and thereby commented on each material misstatement on the basis of evidence. This aspect shows that auditors were performed their tasks more effectively and efficiently. Along with this, section .08 presents that auditor needs to follow other audit process while forming an opinion about the financial statements. On the basis of this aspect, the objective of an auditor is to perform activities by keeping in mind the rules and regulations of IFRS and GAAP (Smith-Lacroix, Durocher and Gendron, 2012). Thus, audit report of BP shows that auditors placed emphasis on assessing the rules of IFRS and GAAP which are followed by the business organization during the period of 2015.
Besides this, section .10 suggests that auditors need to follow specific process of audit which in turn helps them in identifying the laws and legislation which are not undertaken by the firm. By this, material effect can be identified by auditors in the best possible way. Thus, while conducting audit auditors followed the rules of IFRS with the aim to assess the deficiency level. In contrast to this, for making evaluation of the evaluation of parent company's accounts auditors had undertaken the rules of GAAP for conducting evaluation of the appropriateness of company's account (Stoel, Havelka and Merhout, 2012). Further, section .12 presents the extent to which business unit is complied with the legal framework. Audit report 2015 presented that BP was complied with the legal framework while preparing the financial statement such as accounting principles and conventions.
In accordance with .15, auditors need to alert in relation to the aspect that there may issues related to the compliance and non-compliance. Further, section from .17-.20 contained rules regarding the audit process when non-compliance is identified or suspected. Along with this, section from .21 to .23 having rules about the reporting process or aspects when non-compliance is identified or suspected (Consideration of Laws and Regulations in an Audit of Financial Statements, 2016). In addition to this, .24 to .26 sections comprise information about the reporting aspect of non-compliance pertaining to the financial statements (Fung, 2014). Legislation related to .28 provides deeper insight about the extent to which laws had been followed for the purpose of documentation. Hence, by taking into consideration such aspect it can be said that there are several laws and legislation which are introduced by the higher authority regarding the preparation and reporting aspect of auditing.
There are several aspects due to which changes made in the format of audit report 2013. Moreover, in the accounting year 2012 brief audit report format had been followed by BP. Audit report for the year of 2012 shows only summary statement of the deficiencies which are prevailed in the final accounts. On the contrary to it, audit report of 2013 and 2015 contains detailed information about the risk, materiality and actions taken by management for resolving it. British petroleum being one of the leading companies in the energy and oil sector contributes a major portion in GDP of UK. Audit report refers to the written statement which provides the assurance about the correctness and fairness of the financial statement of the company. It is always into a standard and mandated format defined by the regulations of the country. UK has faced a great evolution in the form of audit reports since 2012. Format of audit report was just slightly changed since the very beginning by additions or deletions of some words, phrases or paragraphs (Financial statements of BP, 2015). But in 2014 the whole format was changed to provide detailed expansion of audit report and requirements. The audit report now is exhaustive and extensively covers all the areas of risk evaluation. Although the companies Act 2006 remains followed in both the years.
All the stakeholders of the company including the customers, users, shareholders, government and big audit firms strongly supported the detailed audit format adopted as it has greatly added the value and enhanced content of the audit report. Further audit report now is detailed and therefore easily understandable by the general public. The audit report extended now shines like focussed light on the black box of conventional audit report (The revolution in audit reports, 2015). The extended audit report now present a clear process of audit regarding the input and outputs of conducting audit. The reports now present a better understanding and assists investors in decision making regarding continual of their relationship with the company (Vanderhoof and Altman, 2013). New audit report presents a clear review about the financial statement of the company and better outlook.
Addition of materiality to the audit report is appreciated by the general public and they have given positive sign towards the audit reporting as well as audit in general. The latest audit reports explains in detail the risk areas and the responses of auditors to those areas which reflect and highlights the areas where risk of material misstatement is high. Moreover it also includes provision regarding reporting the conclusion to the audit committee (Kouakou, Boiral and Gendron, 2013). Therefore the audit report now provides better assurance and creates confidence in the audit reports.
Further detailed analysis of matters on exception provides detailed regulations regarding compliance of Companies act 2006, Listing Rules and ISA's (UK and Ireland) reporting. Further expansion of audit scope has demonstrated the clear and exhaustive explanations regarding materiality and allocation of performance (Dando and Swift, 2003). This provides clear evidence of the detailed analysis and study of financial statements of the company and improvements in the processes in current year in comparison with previous year.
The purpose of the auditing gets changed as in the 2012 to focuses on the general aspects of the firm but on the other hand the 2013 audit report emphasises on the specific streams. The errors and frauds are given more importance in order to uses CAAT techniques to reduce the technical failure.
In the audit report of 2012 there are no clauses related to the one person company in which the single owner have full right to conduct the audit of the organization (Feroz, Park and Pastena, 2008). On the contrary, 2013 audit report legalizes the inclusion of one person company.
the guidance to notes are optional for the auditors to guide their overall report in order to complete it with a high precision. On the other side, the guidance notes are compulsory for all the users of the business in order to follow. The compliance of these frameworks will help an entity in order to form good opinion by assessing the financial reports.
IFRS 9 is the one of the most important standard that is now followed by the firm in its annual report. This standard was earlier not followed by the firm in preparing its annual report. In this standard proper classification of assets and liabilities is done in the proper manner. Apart from this there are some specific rules in respect to impairment of asset that are prepared in this standard (K. Johl and et.al., 2013). After following this standard now assets of the British petroleum is valued at fair value. As per rules assets cannot be values at their market price. By using discount rate fair value of the asset is measured in proper manner by the charter accountant (Geiger, Raghunandan and Riccardi, 2013). Hence, it can be said that tis standard make reporting better in comparison to the previous time period. Hedge accounting also get changes after application of the IFRS 9 rules. Now after introduction of the mentioned standard accounting for hedge is done in systematic way. Hedging is basically done in respect to the financial securities on which firm used to make investment each and every year so that best use of the cash can be made in the business (Pedrosa and Costa, 2012). Usually firms makes an investment in shares in order to ensure that their cash will not remain idle and extra income will be generated in the business. Thus, it can be said that use of these standard help stakeholders in knowing condition of the business firm in proper manner. There is a great importance of the IFRS 9 because it improve reporting of the business transactions and assets better than earlier (Iyer, Bamber and Griffin, 2012). This is the reason due to which most of the business firms are using IFRS 9 in order to prepare their accounting records. With passage of time many new improvements may come in the IFRS 9.
From the above assignment, it has been concluded that auditors of BP followed the rules and regulations of IFRS while preparing report. This in turn encourages investors to take suitable decision by considering the reports of auditors. Moreover, rules of IFRS and IAS are highly related with the fair presentation of financial information. Thus, it can be revealed from the report from auditors that business unit has employed the rules of IFRS. On the other side, parent company adopted the regulations of UK GAAP while preparing and presenting the financial statements. Besides this, it can be inferred that in both 2012 and 2015 auditors of BP followed Companies ACT 2006. Hence, it is one of the main similarities which take place in the audit report of 2012 and 2015. Further, it has been articulated that additions were made in the report of 2015's report. Moreover, detailed description were mentioned in the audit report about the performance of company and management's action.
Dando, N. and Swift, T., 2003. Transparency and assurance minding the credibility gap. Journal of Business Ethics. 44(2-3). pp.195-200.
Feroz, E. H., Park, K. J. and Pastena, V., 2008. The financial and market effects of the SEC's accounting and auditing enforcement releases. Journal of Accounting Research. 29. pp.107-142.
Fung, S., 2014. Hong Kong Auditing: Economic Theory & Practice. City University of HK Press.
Geiger, M. A., Raghunandan, K. and Riccardi, W., 2013. The global financial crisis: US bankruptcies and going-concern audit opinions. Accounting Horizons. 28(1). pp.59-75.
Hope, O. K., Langli, J. C. and Thomas, W. B., 2012. Agency conflicts and auditing in private firms. Accounting, Organizations and Society. 37(7). pp.500-517.


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Bob joined Neel-Schaffer in 2008 and has nearly 40 years of experience in corridor/ environmental studies, surveying, and transportation engineering design projects.
In his current position in the firm's Birmingham (AL) office, Bob serves as Senior Transportation Engineer Manager, and NEPA Specialist for all ongoing ALDOT projects.
As an engineering manager and environmental specialist, he has been responsible for guiding transportation projects through the ALDOT Plan development process and the NEPA process. He has coordinated public involvement and resource agency coordination for a full range of projects, small to complex. He has extensive experience on transportation projects, with a good understanding of the factors that are involved in implementing state-of-the-practice Access Management improvements along transportation corridors.
Bob has worked in state and federal government roles, as well as held increasingly responsible positions in the private sector. Bob previously worked for the Federal Highway Administration and ALDOT.


What the White House would want, Ms Mays said, "is to buy two years of time" while the issue was bogged down by lawyers.
Democrats could derail Trump's legislative agenda for the next two years should they win control of the House. "The main thing that Democrats can do, and they can do it without Republican votes, is investigate".
But network projections said that Democrats would take control of the House for the first time in eight years, upending the balance of power in Washington where Trump enjoyed an easy ride following his shock 2016 election with Republican dominance of both chambers.
But Republicans held onto governor's mansions in OH and Florida, fending off challenges from strong left-wingers. The Democrats, in fact, gained 28 seats (and counting) which put them well past the 218 seats needed to control the House.
Rep. Mike Coffman in Colorado blames his loss on resentment toward Trump in his Denver-area district. "Too bad, sorry about that Mia". Barbara Comstock painting her as a Trump ally - and calling her "Barbara Trumpstock".
"When it goes south - and it will, and it's going to happen quickly - she is the ideal person for him to pin all this blame upon", Kennedy said. While 44% of voters approve of Mr. Trump's policies, some 20% like his policies but dislike him personally.
"I love our country", he said, "you have nationalists, you have globalists", adding "I also love the world".
But also in Texas, Democratic Senate candidate Beto O'Rourke, a charismatic congressman and former punk rock singer who had raised an unprecedented $60 million in his mission to win in the Republican stronghold, fell short to arch-conservative former presidential contender Ted Cruz.
Any investigation of the president is likely to face the same fate as that of the Russian Federation investigation by special counsel Robert Mueller.
With majority subpoena power, it's expected that Democrats are prepared to launch investigations into Trump, his policies and his Cabinet members.
Democrats are also interested in Mr Trump's tax returns, which he has declined to make public.
"If the Democrats think they are going to waste Taxpayer Money investigating us at the House level, then we will likewise be forced to consider investigating them for all of the leaks of Classified Information, and much else, at the Senate level", the president said on Twitter. He added, "Two can play that game!" He even offered, perhaps sarcastically, to persuade Republican lawmakers to vote for her as speaker if some Democratic members refuse to support her. "The electoral setup strongly favoured the Republicans in the Senate, where they were defending only 9 seats vs 25 for the Democrats (counting the two independents with the Democrats)".
With winners called in all but one statewide race, Republicans were on pace to gain three seats in the Senate and defended their lead in governorships by a two-seat margin.
Trump briefly sought to strike a statesmanlike tone in his first public remarks after the loss, praising House Democratic leader Nancy Pelosi for her hard work and envisioning "a handsome, bipartisan type of situation" on infrastructure investments and healthcare. She shocked many, including herself, last spring when she came out of nowhere to defeat 10-term Rep. Joe Crowley in New York's Democratic congressional primary. "That said, 2018 reinforced the patterns we saw in 2016, with Republicans doing better in smaller, slower growing, more rural counties and Democrats drawing more strength in larger, more faster growing suburban counties". Which only further strengthens their position for the 2020 election.
The election was historic for different reasons.
Tlaib, 42, became the first Muslim woman elected to the Michigan Legislature in 2008.
He pointed to Republican Gov. -elect Mike DeWine in neighboring OH as someone who was able to do that, while Pennsylvania GOP Senate nominee Lou Barletta and Republican gubernatorial nominee Scott Wagner could not.
"We are in a battle".
Midterm elections are typically hard for the party in power, but the GOP's hold on power was further weakened by an unusually large number of retirements as well as infighting between conservatives and centrists over their allegiance to Trump.
Todd, the GOP strategist who co-wrote The Great Revolt: Inside the Populist Coalition Reshaping American Politics, said he is concerned about Pennsylvania's prospects in 2020.
The Republicans' control of the Senate is arguably more significant, says the BBC's Aleem Maqbool in Washington, because Mr Trump focused his campaigning on Senate races, and candidates he backed clearly benefited.
Nearly all of the House Democratic gains came from the suburbs: They are projected to flip over two dozen seats in primarily suburban districts, sweeping out once-comfortable Republican incumbents including Reps.
But, in another tweet on Wednesday, he told those candidates who avoided him to "say goodbye!"


Magical blueberry bushes—free from scary bears and as tall as trees—really do exist, thanks to blueberry nymphs that rain down from the skies and sprinkle the earth with plump berry goodness. (At least, that's my theory.) On Sunday morning, Nate, Alex, and I scampered through wide acres of the Mountain View Blueberry Farm in Snohomish, Washington. I giddily swung my bucket and skipped about. Happy families and children passed us along the way. Their buckets were brimming, their teeth were purple, and they wore big cheeky smiles.
Just thirty-five minutes later, our buckets were full and our hands were delightfully stained. We had about 12 pounds of blueberries, which was a little over $30. In the off-season, blueberries in our local grocery stores could cost up to $6.99 a pound, so we decided we had done well. We would have plenty of berries for scones, a pie, and lots of smoothies.
–A one-cup serving contains over 25% of the recommended daily allowance of Vitamin C.
–They are an excellent source of manganese, which aids in bone development and helps convert proteins, carbohydrates, and fats into energy.
1) Mix together the flour, 3 Tablespoons of sugar, baking powder, and salt.
2) Cut in the butter with a pastry knife and mix until the mixture looks like course meal.
3) In a separate bowl, combine the skim milk, vanilla, lemon juice, lemon zest, and egg white.
4) Add the liquid ingredients to the dry ingredients and mix until just moistened.
6) Sprinkle the blueberries onto the dough and knead about 4-5 times.
7) Press the dough into a circular shape and either cut it into 12 triangles or use a circular-shaped cookie cutter to make 15-17 circles.
8) Place the cut-out shapes onto a baking sheet sprayed with cooking spray.
9) Sprinkle with granulated sugar.
10) Bake at 425° for 10-12 minutes.
The resulting scones weren't too sweet, but they were definitely satisfying. Perhaps the blueberry nymphs were smiling down upon my efforts.
Your Turn: Have you ever visited any "you pick" farms in your area? What was your experience like?
Next: Next post: Rub-A-Dub-Dub, the Cat Needs a Scrub!
Blueberries with pineapple sound delicious!
Thanks for the kind words! I really enjoy your blog as well–what a great concept!
Picked thirteen pounds of blueberry for our freezer. Then picked fourteen pints of blackberries. More blackberry picking is scheduled this week, followed up with peach picking. It's a great joy to harvest your own, innit?
Thanks! It does feel good to do the work and reap the rewards.
We go picking in a field that's only open once a week during the season. It's fun listening to the conversations going on around me.
Oh, I haven't picked blueberries since I was a little kid! Thanks for bringing back the memories, plus for that great recipe. yum!
That looks soooo delicious – I'm gaining weight just imagining how they taste! Thanks for the follow!
They are good! And–it's a low fat recipe–I like to try to reduce fat wherever I can–but not calories or carbs. I can't live without pizza! Thanks for visiting and for the follow–I'm looking forward to reading your blog as well.
Looks yummy! My son was Commander at Yakima Training Center a few years ago and I was able to visit. Beautiful, beautiful area.
Thank you so much! I haven't been to Yakima yet–still trying to get around.


text:
Daughter Accuses Traditional Ruler Of Attempted Ritual Murder In Adamawa. Photos
Fadimatu Umar, daughter of the district head of Umar Ardo in Yola, Adamawa State, has claimed that her father bribed the Police Commissioner in charge of Force Criminal Investigations Department (FCID) in Abuja to cover up a case of an attempt to kill her. She alleged that her father planned to use her corpse for a ritual. Ms. Umar claimed that her siblings – Murtala, Aisha, Abubakar and Aliyu – were hired by her father to carry out the murder. .
Her siblings, she told SaharaReporters, attacked her, leaving her with a badly damaged arm, which may have to be amputated. The victim, 28, disclosed that less than a year ago, her stepmother, Bintu, died under mysterious circumstances, which she alleged was the handiwork of her father. The woman's death, Ms. Umar added, convinced her that she would be the next target. . After hearing noises coming from the front gate of her home, Ms. Umar jumped through her window in fear of her life. She alleged that she was pursued by her siblings until they caught up with her in front of the National Identity Card Management Office. . Ms. Umar said she reported the attack to the police, who subsequently arrested Aisha and Abubakar. But Aliyu Umar Ardo, an Air Force officer, and Muitala, who works with Intels Services, escaped arrest by fleeing. . Aliyu, she said, later emerged and wanted to shoot her, a fate she escaped through the intervention of family friends. She maintained that Aliyu and Murtala have continued with their plot to kill her in an effort to end the case of attempted ritual killing she reported to the police. Ms. Umar then fled Yola and petitioned the FCID in Abuja. The petition led to the arrest of Murtala. Their father used his connections to free Murtala, who proceeded to bribe Mr. Jonah Mava, Police Commissioner in charge of the FCID, to dump the case. .
She also disclosed that her case with the family would be brought to court in Adamawa State on April 6, but she has been warned not to appear in court because she would be abducted.
Fleeing Boko Haram Terrorists Now Disguise As Menial Workers – Defence Headquarters
Teenage Girl Sells Her Virginity To Save Her Parents From Eviction… See Photos
Photos Of UK Based Nigerian Man Accused Of Defrauding Ladies With Fake Love….


...so today when I went to get my mail, I found I had a package. Now said package did not look at all familiar so I just kinda grabbed it and as I was stepping out of the Post Office I noticed the return address was from EEDowning and I smiled.
"...influenced by peeping Toms, traveling Evangelists, circus people, birds in the woods and a mother who sang constantly."
Any who...tucked into my envelope was a new CD by Lizzie's current band, Lurch & Holler featuring Michael Willis who was also in Lambs Eat Ivy. They describe their music as Appalachian parlor operettas and parables. It is weird and haunting and unlike anything you will ever hear, unless, of course, you listen to Lurch & Holler.
As if that wasn't enough, she is a member of Old Songs, a group that translates and creates songs from Ancient Greek philosophy and poetry. Did I mention she paints?
Bosch Figure on the Banks of the Tallapoosa River.
While I was very happy to get an envelope from Liz, I must admit that it leaves me feeling a bit under- accomplished. I think I am going to go take a nap and dream of Hermes in Alabama.
What a strange festival i never seen something like that before.


With the Campagnia pergola, there is nothing between you and nature. Unless you want there to be. The Campagnia has minimalist, sharp lines and angles, with a completely flat awning canopy that is so unique, it is patented. This balance of line and light is what makes the Campagnia so compelling.
The Campagnia can be used to create any kind of outdoor space. This pergola can be either freestanding or, alternatively, mounted to a wall. A single unit is itself very large (roughly 18x23 feet), but it can be coupled together in different orientations, as many as four together. Two units can even be offset, creating an L pattern. This flexibility allows you to create and own your space and to make it functional for dining, seating, or mixed use. And additional details can make the Campagnia even more useful for your space, like different types of integrated LED lighting (around the perimeter or along the canopy ribs) for easy 24-hour use or motors, remote controls, and wind or wind-sun sensors for automatic and easy management.
A patented integrated vertical awning system which completely encloses the area in fabric of your selection, kept in place with hidden guides.
The glass panel systems are both tested for water-tightness and wind resistance. The fabrics are not watertight, but do offer protection from sun, wind, dust and pollen, and precipitation. The frame itself is powder-coated aluminum, offering a relatively light weight yet durable design.
With its perfectly flat canopy, the Campagnia has to deal with rain and runoff effectively, which it does with a patented system of integrated drainpipes and tilted guttering. Along with managing moisture on the awning, the tilter guttering system prevents evaporation within the frame. The draining system has been tested and certified for rain amounts equalling an amazing 14.5 inches (369mm) per hour.
Standard colors: Iron Grey, RAL 1013, RAL 9010 and Corten with other RAL colors available for a surcharge.


Stomp Sets – Jack Richeson & Co.
These stomps are made of tightly spiral-wound, soft grey paper that can be sharpened like a pencil. Both ends can be used for blending charcoal, graphite, pastels and other drawing materials. They are available in various sizes and packs.
Size #1: 3⁄16" × 4-1⁄2"
Size #2: 1⁄4" × 4-11⁄16"
Size #3: 5⁄16" × 5"
Size #4: 3⁄8" × 5-1⁄8"
Size #6: 1⁄2" × 5-3⁄4"
Size #8: 5⁄8" × 6-3⁄4"


text:
Van Buren is een plaats (town) in de Amerikaanse staat Missouri, en valt bestuurlijk gezien onder Carter County.

Demografie
Bij de volkstelling in 2000 werd het aantal inwoners vastgesteld op 845.
In 2006 is het aantal inwoners door het United States Census Bureau geschat op 823, een daling van 22 (-2,6%).

Geografie
Volgens het United States Census Bureau beslaat de plaats een oppervlakte van
5,2 km², geheel bestaande uit land.

Plaatsen in de nabije omgeving
De onderstaande figuur toont nabijgelegen plaatsen in een straal van 32 km rond Van Buren.

Externe link

Plaats in Missouri

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
The Synoptic Question
"Forasmuch as many have taken in hand to set forth in order a declaration of those things which are most surely believed among us, even as they delivered them unto us, which from the beginning were eyewitnesses, and ministers of the word; it seemed good to me also, having had perfect understanding of all things from the very first, to write unto thee in order, most excellent Theophilus, that thou mightest know the certainty of those things, wherein thou hast been instructed."
Lk. 1:1-4
"And Barnabas and Saul returned from Jerusalem, when they had fulfilled their ministry, and took with them John, whose surname was Mark."
"Only Luke is with me. Take Mark, and bring him with thee: for he is profitable to me for the ministry."
The Synoptic Question Briefly Described 1
Analyses of the Synoptic Question 6
The Early Church on the Question 2
History of the Synoptic Question 2
The Dating of the Gospels 4
The Gospel of John 1
The Supplementary Character of the Gospels
Travis Fentiman, MDiv
What is the Synoptic Question?
The Synoptic Question tries to resolve the order of authorship and development of Matthew, Mark and Luke, in explaining how and why they share much of the same information (verbatim sometimes) in common. 'Synoptic' means a 'with-viewing', as these Gospels view many of the same events together.
The question was originally pressed and developed the most by the destructive higher criticism of rationalistic-liberalism, beginning in the mid-1700's and continuing through the 1800's & 1900's.
The Synoptic Question is not entirely necessary to answer, and, as there is limited information to go on, all of the questions will never be answered with certainty. Yet the Synoptic Question is a legitimate one to ask and has believing, conservative answers.
The first mainstream, establishment viewpoint of liberal scholarship from the late-1800's was the priority of Mark, that Matthew and Luke derived their information from Mark, it being the simplest Gospel.
Soon, the obvious could no longer be avoided: Matthew and Luke have information in them not found in Mark. Liberal scholars, using the (tenuous) principles of 'form criticism', then dictated that the common material in Matthew and Luke, not in Mark, had its origin in a first collection of diverse notes of Jesus' sayings and recorded events, which they called 'Q'. Evangelicals quickly followed in-line behind these 'experts'. Unfortunately for the widely dominant Two-Source Hypothesis (Mark & 'Q'), there is no evidence that 'Q' ever existed, and all reconstructions of it have proven to be of the utmost, arbitrary and varying character.
Again, the obvious could only be honorably ignored for so long: both Matthew and Luke have information in them unique to themselves, not shared with each other and not derived from Mark. So, the document 'M' was created, said to contain the information unique to Matthew, and 'L' appeared in order to explain the information unique to Luke. This Four-Source Hypothesis (Mark, 'Q', 'M', 'L') though, predictably, is now one of many in a growing alphabet soup (see Wikipedia's Synoptic-Gospel Theories for a survey).
Something that all of these form-critical theories which reconstruct the derivative-development of the texts have in common, is that they leave things in such a questionable and ambiguous state that faith finds very little to rest certainly on. None of them explain *all* of the data in the Gospels (rather, these paradigms usually have to be imposed upon the text), and there are always plenty of counter-examples, if one is honest, to prove them false.
Several assumptions underlying the current mainstream viewpoint(s) are:
(1) late dates for the actual writing of the Gospels,
(2) that much of the accounts in the gospels were derived second-hand, or passed through many unknown hands,
(3) that this was done by the transcribing of previously written documents with a measure of free modification,
(4) that the final Gospel productions are a result of a long process of documentary development, and
(5) that the critic 2,000 years later can accurately discern this development in the text from the desk in his room.
The Traditional Conservative Viewpoint
The traditional, conservative viewpoint that has been assumed through most of Church history has been that the Gospels, while sharing a significant portion in common, represent fundamentally independent accounts, this being extensively evidenced by:
(1) the multitude of varying details and word-order in parallel accounts of the same event, with their remarkably underived character and undesigned harmony, which necessitate a different first-hand witnessing and recording of that event;
(2) this also necessitating an early recording and composition of the Gospels, along with the natural desire to provide a written testimony of the Gospel for the emerging Church and to meet the needs and demands thereof;
(3) the variations in accounts of the same events in the separate Gospels often include details that only particular disciples would know, or had a reason to relate, in consistency with their individual personalities, circumstances and purposes.
(4) variations of word-order and grammar in accounts with otherwise the same content show that the accounts were not simply transcribed-verbatim from previous sources. Nor were possible, previously, written sources carelessly modified if we shall uphold the integrity of the Gospel writer, something which their accounts everywhere plainly evidence and demand.
(5) The inclusion of numerous historical details throughout the accounts that are otherwise-unexplained show that the Gospel writers were honestly and plainly recording what happened as it was witnessed, and they did not think it an ideal (as do many N.T. scholars) to redact, contour and modify everything to their own subjective or ulterior purposes.
Yet, within the varying parallel accounts, there is much that is verbally equivalent, it being as high as 46% between Matthew and Mark. This fact is virtually inexplicable if the sources were completely independent. If the exam-essays of two students were 46% verbally equivalent, what professor would not suspect them of copying each other to some degree, or at least sharing information?
What then accounts for the large share of verbal equivalency and similarity in the Synoptic Gospels? The answer is rather natural and what one would expect:
The 12 disciples and the many others that followed Jesus were discipled by Him for 3 and a half years, witnessed many of the same events, heard the same sayings, were responsible for retaining them in a largely oral culture, probably by the same method and forms of memorization, and the disciples probably made use of some note-taking.
(That is, for those who knew how to write and had it accessible, c.f. Lk. 1:63. The Gospel writers, of course, knew how to write. Matthew was a tax collector, Luke an intelligent physician and John we have reason to believe was of the priestly upper-class. The literary ability of the other disciples, largely being fisherman, is unknown.)
The disciples mutually conferred with each other both during and after Christ's earthly ministry (e.g. Jn. 20:19, 26; 21:1-2; Lk. 24:52-53; Acts 1:2-4, 13-15; 2:1; 3:1; 4:23; 5:12,18; 6:2; 8:1,14; 15:4,6; Gal. 2:1-3,7-9; etc.), no doubt at times with the purpose of faithfully seeking confirmation to their history (Lk. 24:13-15,31-35; 1 Jn. 1:2-3) and to present a united testimony (Acts 5:27-32; 1 Jn. 1:2-3), though each of their accounts would remain characterized by their experiences, personalities and life situation.
As much oral and written sharing would be expected and desired (and was probably commonly practiced by disciples of teachers of the day), this accounts for the 46% verbal equivalency, and represents not plagiarism, but intelligent mutual conference and confirmation throughout the disciples' history which would naturally be too complex to reduce to a simplistic paradigm of literary dependence.
That is why no such theory of literary dependence can make sense of *all* of the details of the Gospel accounts, but breaks down rather quickly for all who have eyes to see.
While modern scholars seek, by cutting and pasting, to uncover and define the main proto-source of 'Q', from which most of the rest derived, Luke says in his prologue (Lk. 1:1-4) that the exact opposite was the case: that "*many* have taken in hand to set forth in order a declaration of those things which are most surely believed among us."
That is, there were many faithful accounts (which were probably written, as Luke's was) of the main gospel events which were widely accessible at an early date which Luke used (though, in the Lord's providence, they were not preserved for later generations). This, of course, makes all speculations as to the prior sources of the gospels to be an endeavor in futility, as whatever materials the gospel writers may have gathered and used in addition to their own witness is too complex to reconstruct and has not been preserved.
Such being the case, the Gospel writers would have, and did, take full ownership for their accounts (Lk. 1:3-4; 1 Jn. 1:2-3, etc.), the accounts being based not on unknowns, but on certainties. What accounts have been preserved, as one would expect, are precisely those that were recognized as being written by apostles or those under their supervision, authority and approval as God-inspired Scripture (1 Tim. 5:18 with Lk. 10:7; 1 Cor. 14:37; 1 Thess. 2:13; 2 Pet. 3:15-16).
Thus, we are left with the inevitable and bare fact of the gospel accounts as we currently have them.
The Order of the Gospels
The early patristic fathers (who had the ability to know, reason to know, and sought to be faithful) testified that Matthew's Gospel was written first, with Mark following, then Luke, and then John (as in the order of the Canon). Matthew, being one of the original 12 disciples and in their circle, certainly did not need the information of anyone outside of that circle to write his Gospel.
John Mark was not one of the original 12 disciples, yet he traveled and conversed with the apostles (Acts 12:12,25; 15:37,39; 2 Tim. 4:11) and is said to have written the book of Mark according to the early Church. It is highly probable, by persuasive internal evidence and the testimony of the early Church, that Mark was dependent on the apostle Peter (with whom he was in close association with) for much of the distinctive, first-hand testimony in his Gospel.
Mark is usually put first in the order by mainline scholarship, as they take it as an assured result of modern criticism that shorter accounts are more derivatively-fundamental than longer accounts (such as in Matthew). They also usually preclude the author of Mark's Gospel from being the John Mark mentioned throughout Acts and the Epistles, as the early Church testified to.
However, given the historical likelihood that John Mark was the author, then he necessarily was dependent in some measure on Matthew's witness along with the collective witness of the rest of the apostles. His account being shorter and more rapid is easily explained by his writing characteristic and purpose, which was different than that of Matthew's.
Luke, also not one of the original disciples, but a close associate of the apostles according to the epistles (Col. 4:14; 2 Tim. 4:11), wrote relatively later and looked with due care into the accounts, as he describes his circumstance and purpose for writing in his prologue (Lk. 1:1-4).
There he says that he received his information from numerous sources, namely: from those which were eye-witnesses 'from the beginning' and 'ministers of the Word' (perhaps Matthew and Peter, amongst the rest of the apostles, and others). Luke reports of himself that he 'had perfect understanding of all things from the very first' (possibly being one of the 70 commissioned disciples in Lk. 10:1, which account Luke is the only one to give of the Gospel writers) and that the things he writes are 'things which are most surely believed among us'. Luke includes in his Gospel significant tracts of information not included in the other gospels, such as Jesus' last Peraean ministry (Lk. 11:37-13:17).
There will be no final, certain answer to many of the issues involved in the Synoptic Question this side of glory. If you need a certain answer, then make sure you are going to heaven through Christ and ask the Gospel writers themselves.
You can, though, have an intelligent assessment of the involved and sprawling issue, which will be a great confirmation to your faith as you discern in greater detail the complete truthfulness and inspiration of the Gospels as we have them. To that end, the resources below will be of inestimable help.
The most trustworthy source that we are aware of on this subject, which we give our highest recommendation to, is Alfred Edersheim's The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah Buy (1883). Edersheim (1825-1889), raised an orthodox Jew, converted to the Savior and became one of the most renowned, scholars of the 1st century in his day. Edersheim's Life and Times was the magnum opus of his life's work, having spent 7 years in seclusion writing it.
Unfortunately Edersheim does not treat of the Synoptic issue in any one central place, but in commenting on the Gospels as he guides one through the life of Christ, he harmonizes their accounts together. This method gives him ample opportunity to provide insightful, often profound, satisfactory and believing explanations for the differences and similarities of the Gospel accounts.
Edersheim deftly harmonizes the various details of the Gospel writers, often according to their characteristics, purposes or specific witness of the event, while noting where a writer may have derived their account from another disciple, if there is reason to believe so. Edersheim was very aware of the liberal theories of his day (which have not changed much up to our time) and he soundly refutes them in detail.
As Edersheim's work is based upon the self-evident truthfulness of the Gospel accounts, upon principles inherent to them, and as his interpretations are a full explanation of *all* the Biblical data, his exposition, along with the Word of God which it is based upon, is timeless and will never go out of date.
We do not pretend that Edersheim has the last word on every question, but he does provide a solid foundation for faith to rest upon. We do not hesitate to advise you to read his work cover-to-cover. It will be one of the best books you ever read.
In further evaluating and ruminating on the Synoptic Question, be sure to remember that:
"The secret things belong unto the Lord our God: but those things which are revealed belong unto us and to our children for ever, that we may do all the words of this law."
Deut. 29:29
In doing so, never lose sight of the One that the Synoptic writers testify to:
"Search the scriptures; for… they are they which testify of Me."
"My sheep hear my voice…"
The Synoptic Question Briefly Described
Berkhof, Louis – 'The Synoptic Problem' 1944 8 pp. in Introduction to the New Testament, pp. 18-25
Berkhof was an American, Dutch-Reformed professor of New Testament.
Analyses of the Synoptic Question
Horne, Thomas Hartwell – 'On the Sources of the First Three Gospels' being Appendix 1 in An Introduction to the Critical Study and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures, vol. 2 New Edition from the 7th London Edition (Philadelphia, 1835), pp. 385-393
Horne (1780–1862) was a Church of England minister, a bibliographer and on staff at the British museum. This evangelical Introduction was used at Old Princeton for a time.
Table of Contents to this Section
I – The Different Hypotheses Stated, p. 385
II – Examination of the Hypothesis that the Evangelists Abridged or Copied from Each Other, pp. 385-6
III – Examination of the Hypothesis that the Evangelists Derived their Information from a Primary Greek or Hebrew Document, pp. 386-9
IV – Examination of the Hypothesis that they consulted Several Documents, pp. 389-91
V – Examination of the Hypothesis that Oral Tradition was the Source of the First Three Gospels, pp. 391-2
V [sic] – That the Only Document Consulted by the First Three Evangelists was the Preaching of our Savior Himself [Horne's conclusion], pp. 392-3
Edersheim, Alfred – The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah Buy 1883
Edersheim (1825-1889), in commenting on the Gospels as he works through the life of Christ, harmonizes their accounts together, which gives him ample opportunity to give insightful, often profound, satisfactory and believing explanations of their differences and similarities, often harmonizing them according to the gospel writer's characteristics, purposes or specific witness of the event, not neglecting where there may be reason to believe that they derived their information from another disciple.
Edersheim was raised in Orthodox Judaism and became a Christian partially through the influence of 'Rabbi' John Duncan. He entered the ministry in the Free Church of Scotland. Later he transferred into the Church of England and was a renowned scholar on 1st century studies.
ed. Thomas, Robert – Three Views on the Origin of the Synoptic Gospels Buy 2002
This volume presents three views on the Synoptic question from evangelicals, and provides counter-responses to each. The first view is the typical mainstream view of Markan priority, involving Mark and 'Q', as the two main sources, as well as 'M' and 'L' to round out 4 sources. The 2nd view is the minority mainstream view which, following liberals, posits the order as Matthew-Luke-Mark.
The 3rd view is the Independence view, which has been the majority view of Church history. Unfortunately though, the version of the Independence view presented in the book holds that the Gospel writers wrote entirely independently of each other, with no literary collaboration, which is inconsistent with the 'Introduction' above on this page, which allows for, and necessitates, a measure of collaboration.
Farnell, F. David – 'How Views of Inspiration have Impacted Synoptic Problem Discussions' TMSJ 13/1 (Spring 2002) 33-64
Needless to say, scholars are not neutral. The question is not if guiding presuppositions are involved in this field of study, but what are those presuppositions and are they right?
Farnell is a dispensationalist professor of New Testament in the seminary founded by John MacArthur. He holds to the inerrancy of Scripture and seeks to be faithful in principles of textual issues.
Fisher, George Park – Supplementary Essay 1, 'Remarks on the Authorship & Date of the Gospels' in The Nature and Method of Revelation (New York, 1890), pp. 173-197
Fisher (1827-1909) was a minister and a professor of divinity and Church history at Yale. He was a prolific writer.
Fisher held that the four gospel writers were essentially independent witnesses from first-hand information, though sharing a significant amount in common. He gives many helpful and perceptive critiques of views that say one author simplistically derived his gospel or information from another. He held that all three synoptics were written before the destruction of the Temple in 70 A.D.
Stonehouse, Ned B. – Origins of the Synoptic Gospels: Some Basic Questions Buy 1963 195 pp. These were lectures given at Fuller Theological Seminary, CA, in 1962
Stonehouse (1902-1962) was a professor of New Testament at Westminster Theological Seminary who succeeded Machen in that position. Stonehouse discusses the many issues and perspectives, leaves many of the questions unanswered, but favors the priority of Mark.
"Adopting a selective approach, he took what he considered to be the four most crucial questions and analyzed them. They are the questions of authorship, order and independence, apostolic tradition, and ultimate origin… Throughout, the text is lucid and thoroughly documented." – The book-flap
Eta Linnemann – Is there a Synoptic Problem? Rethinking the Literary Dependence of the First Three Gospels Buy 1992
Linnemann (1926-2009) was a high-ranking, liberal, German professor of New Testament who became, inconveniently, but blessedly, converted to the Savior.
Linnemann argues against the typical liberal scholarship on the subject (specifically the German strand that she was immersed in) and argues for the fundamental independence of each synoptic Gospel, bringing into service a statistical analysis to do so.
For an analysis of Linnemann's work from a conservative New Testament scholar, see pages 177-181 & 186-189 of Robert Yarbrough's article. The main weakness of Linnemann's work is that it does not present a detailed positive view in order to explain the portions of the Synoptics that are verbally equivalent, other than the assertion that the Gospels are independent accounts.
Guthrie, Donald – 'The Synoptic Problem', 'Form Criticism and its Developments' & 'Towards a Solution' 1970 115 pp. being chs. 5-7 in New Testament Introduction Buy
Guthrie, in this advanced Introduction, gives a detailed survey of the issues and proposed solutions, giving a balanced weighing of the positive aspects of the various theories. His attempt 'Towards a Solution' very wisely puts forth various principles inherently involved, shows the extremes on either side, and advises to navigate a course in-between for future studies, though the issue will probably remain unresolved.
Wenham, John – Redating Matthew, Mark and Luke: a Fresh Assault on the Synoptic Problem Buy 1992 319 pp.
Wenham (1913–1996) was a conservative Anglican Bible scholar who held to the inerrancy of Scripture.
Part of the Synoptic problem, as Wenham argues, is that one can use the data to support whatever theory one desires to contrive: 'Q', L', 'M', Markan priority or otherwise. Modern scholarship largely, out of hand, rejects the patristic testimony (which needs to be accounted for) that Matthew was written first.
Wenham argues for:
1. An early date for the Gospels,
2. The traditional order of Mt (AD 40), Mk (AD 45), Lk (AD 55),
3. Their essential independence,
4. The involvement of not only written but oral tradition in Gospel formation.
The work will be harder to read without a working knowledge of Greek.
The Early Church on the Question
A Summary
Zahn, Theodor – The Common Tradition in the Church Regarding the Origin of the Gospels 14 pp. in Introduction to the New Testament, vol. 2
Zahn gives all the relevant testimony of the early Church regarding the authorship and order of the Gospels from AD 180-250, though they do not give information as to one being dependent on another (which is an argument in itself that they were not). Zahn accepts their testimony that Matthew came before Mark.
Zahn (1838–1933) was a German, Lutheran scholar. His work is one of the major, older, mostly conservative, advanced New Testament Introductions.
Contemporary Article
Farnell, F. David – 'The Synoptic Gospels in the Ancient Church: the Testimony to the Priority of Matthew's Gospel' The Master's Seminary Journal 10/1 (Spring 1999) 53-86
Early Church Father
Augustine – The Harmony of the Gospels 365 pp in Works, ed. Dods, vol. 8
"…Augustine [354-430], who was the first to be led, by the observations of similarities of language in the Gospels, to what was at least the beginning of a definite view regarding the origin of this phenomenon [as opposed to earlier cursory treatments of it]. He thought it could be proved that Mark was consciously dependent upon Matthew, which in part he repeated word for word, in part reproduced in abbreviated form.
The matter was not pursued further, either in the Middle Ages or at the time of the Reformation… [but] began with the middle of the eighteenth century…" – Zahn, vol. 2, p. 402
History of the Synoptic Question
Zahn, Theodor – History of the Synoptic Problem 27 pp. in Introduction to the New Testament, vol. 2
Guthrie, Donald – 'A Brief Historical Survey of Solutions' 8 pp. in New Testament Introduction Buy
The Dating of the Gospels
Heidegger, Johann Heinrich – 'Matthew: Time of Writing' from his Bible Handbook
Heidegger (d. 1698), a reformed scholastic, takes Matthew to have been written first of all the gospels, largely based on the witnesses of the early Church.
Robinson, John A.T. – Redating the New Testament Buy 2000 384 pp.
Conservative N.T. scholars used to believe that the synoptic Gospels (Mt, Mk, Lk) and many or most of the epistles were written in the 40's, 50's, or at the latest the 60's A.D, exactly when one would expect them to be written if they were true, first-hand accounts that were written shortly after those events occurred, given normal historical forces relating to the desire to preserve their important witness to the Gospel, before the emerging Church.
Liberalism, however, during the mid-to late 1800's, continuing dominant into the 1900's, pushed these dates later past A.D. 70 (when the Jerusalem Temple was destroyed) into the 80's, 90's and sometimes the mid-2nd century, thus making these documents less closely tied to the events they describe, and hence less reliable. Evangelicals in the 1900's, sadly but predictably, followed liberal scholarship so that such late dates for the writings of the New Testament are now the established norm of mainstream evangelical scholarship.
John A. T. Robinson, who was an Anglican bishop and fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, and a theological modernist, here (paradoxically) makes the fullest contemporary case for the early (conservative) dating of the N.T. documents.
C. H. Dodd, in a letter to Robinson, wrote, "I should agree with you that much of the late dating is quite arbitrary, even wanton[;] the offspring not of any argument that can be presented, but rather of the critic's prejudice that, if he appears to assent to the traditional position of the early church, he will be thought no better than a stick-in-the-mud."
Robinson's main, over arching argument, is that the documents show a detailed acquaintance with the specifics of the Temple as it stood, they predicted its fall, and there is no indication in their writings that the Temple was then destroyed or of a time when it was not present (such as after AD 70). To see how weak the arguments are for a late dating of Matthew, see pp. 31-32 of this excerpt of Kruger's Introduction.
Part of the Synoptic problem, as Wenham argues, is that one can use the data to support whatever theory one desires to contrive, 'Q', Markan priority or otherwise. Modern scholarship largely, out of hand, rejects the patristic testimony (which needs to be accounted for) that Matthew was written first.
A Summary Chart
Moffatt, James – 'Date of the Gospels', p. 213 in An Introduction to the Literature of the New Testament 1911
This chart gives, at a glance, a history of interpretation of the dating of the gospels up to 1911. Note that Moffatt, and many of the persons referenced in the chart, were liberals.
The reason why the dates are all over the place for the same Biblical book is that there is very little to go on, so that anybody's guess is as good as another. The determining factor, usually, is one's broader outline of the history and development of Paul's epistles and the growing early Church.
The Gospel of John
Robsinson, John A.T. – The Priority of John Buy 1987
On Robinson see above on 'The Dating of the Gospels'
"In The Priority of John, Robinson furthered the argument put forward in Redating the New Testament that all the books were written before 70 AD, by focusing on the book that is placed early least often. He also wanted to prove that John is independent of the Synoptics and better than them at describing the length and time period of Jesus' ministry, Palestinian geography, and the cultural milieu of the early first century there." – Wikipedia
Greswell, Edward
Dissertations upon the Principles and Arrangement of an Harmony of the Gospels 1837
vol. 1, Dissertation 1, pp. 40-71
vol. 3, Appendix, Dissertation 1, 'On the Supplemental Relations of the Gospels', pp. 321-326
Greswell (1797–1869) was an English churchman and academic, known as a chronologist.
Not everything Greswell says or assumes is necessarily right; he treats the gospels largely as regular compositions, not necessarily being inspired. Yet his discussion is well worthy of consideration.
For many more resources to consult, see 'New Testament Surveys and Introductions' on our page: New Testament Background, Survey, Authenticity & Introduction
See also commentaries on Matthew, Mark and Luke on our page New Testament Commentaries, which commentaries not only comment on the text, but also often treat of the Synoptic question in their introductory section.
"And when they were come in, they went up into an upper room, where abode both Peter, and James, and John, and Andrew, Philip, and Thomas, Bartholomew, and Matthew, James the son of Alphaeus, and Simon Zelotes, and Judas the brother of James. These all continued with one accord in prayer and supplication, with the women, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with his brethren."
"Luke, the beloved physician, and Demas, greet you."
"After that, He was seen of above five hundred brethren at once; of whom the greater part remain unto this present, but some are fallen asleep."
1 Cor. 15:6
New Testament Background, Survey, Authenticity & Introduction
Bible Background, Survey, Authenticity & Introduction
The Inspiration and Authority of the Bible
The Inerrancy of the Bible


This is a report about supporting the domain name industry in underserved regions, prepared by ICANN staff for public comment.
ICANN is exploring ideas and strategies to help promote the domain name industry in regions that have typically been underserved. In particular, ICANN is looking at existing barriers to Registrar Accreditation and operation and considering ways that these challenges might be mitigated. Public comments on this report will be used to determine next steps to support the domain name industry in underserved regions.
As of 16 April 2014, there were 1,010 ICANN-accredited Registrars. Of those, seven are located in Africa. Fourteen are located in the Middle East.
Barriers to participation in domain name industry business in regions such as Africa and the Middle East are complex and some cannot be addressed by ICANN without coordination with the greater community. Many of these issues have been recognized and discussed for some time. ICANN staff is therefore seeking input to determine how best to transform this discussion into concrete results.
To encourage participation of developing countries to date, ICANN has, for example, created a fellowship program, participated in many regional meetings and increased the availability of translated materials and interpretation services, engendering participation within ICANN.
Additionally, in August 2012, ICANN announced a new approach to Africa, with the support of AFRINIC, including a new initiative aimed at increasing African participation and influence within ICANN.1 A working group was created and endorsed by the African community members meeting in Prague. The working group included key players in Internet governance from different regions in Africa to contribute to the development of the new strategy. The working group selected Nii Quaynor of Ghana, a well-respected Internet leader in Africa, to lead its efforts. The working group published its report, Enhanced Registry Registrar Relationships, on 13 July 2013 (see Annex at the end of this report).
ICANN recently held a session on this topic at the March 2014 ICANN meeting in Singapore.3 At the session, ICANN solicited considerable input from attendees about the challenges facing the domain name industry in underserved regions and began discussions to explore potential solutions.
The attached report [PDF, 601 KB] includes a table that summarizes input that ICANN has received regarding the challenges that face the domain name industry in underserved regions. The table is by no means exhaustive, and ICANN staff welcome input on any issue that you believe poses a barrier to domain name industry growth and participation in underserved regions.
The table identifies the relevant issue, notes where the requirement lies in relevant policies or contracts, lists solutions that have been proposed, and explores how such solutions might be implemented.
As background, the report also includes the July 2013 report, Enhanced Registry Registrar Relationships, developed by Africa Strategy working group.


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Three chefs dish on Iron Man auteur Jon Favreau's new foodie movie, Chef
Emjay Anthony, left, and Jon Favreau, play son and father in this realistic film about an estranged chef picking up the pieces of his business.
Merrick Morton/VVS Films
CRAIG OFFMAN
Published June 6, 2014 Updated May 12, 2018
Jon Favreau, Dustin Hoffman, Scarlett Johansson and Oliver Platt
Very much a creature of the summer blockbuster in recent years, Iron Man director Jon Favreau has scaled down his banter-driven superheroics this time around for Chef, a low-budget indie film about a chef who himself goes indie. Rather than stay in his stifling, conventional kitchen, he quits in a huff and takes to the road with his pals and estranged son in a souped-up, hipped-out food truck.
While this recipe of blood, sweat and schmaltz occasionally wobbles, Chef is compelling, somewhat convincing and, according to many who know better than I, it's largely on trend.
Neither a food nor film critic, I outsourced much of the analysis to three of Toronto's best-known chefs, whom I invited to a screening and follow-up dinner at Big Crow, where my brother-in-law, Anthony Rose, is chef and co-owner. The trio may not have groaned and salivated at the food close-ups as many in the audience did, but they admired the film's authenticity. For the most part.
"It's probably as realistic as it gets," said Cory Vitiello, executive chef at the Harbord Room and THR & Co., who was digging into a slab of Big Crow's sloppy, gooey garlic bread.
"It's all on trend: cooking what you want. The modern Mexican thing. Pride in going to the farmers' markets and hitting the vegetables," chimed Jesse Grasso, head chef at the Black Hoof and Rhum Corner. "And radishes."
"A lot of carrot tops didn't make it to the food," said Vitiello.
"Didn't that pig seem a little wet?" wondered Rose, also co-owner of the restaurants Fat Pasha and Rose & Sons.
Much has been made about the method acting of Favreau, who also plays the film's protagonist, Carl Casper. To learn the part of this hot-headed, neurotic workaholic, Favreau worked on kitchen lines in Los Angeles and, for that extra texture of authenticity, enlisted L.A. food-truck impresario Roy Choi as a co-producer.
The group thought Favreau pulled it off. Taking a stab at a plate full of barbecued wurst and apricot jam, Rose said Favreau certainly looked the part: the hipster beard, pallor and swaths of tattoos on his body.
Rose then shot Grasso a look. "Why are you staring at me?" the bearded, pale and tattooed Grasso asked.
The panel found Casper's friction with the restaurant's owner, Riva, the snivelling food Philistine played by Dustin Hoffman, particularly cathartic. After all, owner-chef tension is a perennial kitchen staple. The group had lived through or seen many similar battles. On the night the dreaded food blogger, Ramsey Michel, darkens their doorstep, Chef Casper wants to present his own menu, but Riva wants him to take the safe route, capped off with molten lava chocolate cake, which to this film is what merlot is to the film Sideways. No self-respecting cook would let this prosaic disaster-in-the making out of his kitchen, but Carl Casper does, thus beginning his feud with his nemesis critic.
The three chefs took particular relish in the struggle between the chef and Michel, whom Oliver Platt plays with note-perfect subtle, sweaty pomposity. (In another layer of realism, Platt's brother, Adam, is New York magazine's food critic.) In one particularly personal gibe, the critic takes aim at the chef's girth, saying that he was probably eating all the food his diners sent back.
That kind of attention to personal detail is a peeve among chefs. "Reviewers come after bloggers, so to make their reviews stand out, reviewers have to be even more mean and personal," said Vitiello, carving out some barbecued tuna with smoked-tomato-and-olive sauce.
The film's allusion to online haters also rang true to him. "Who wants to read another positive review? A poor review has much more traction."
The molten-cake moment eventually leads to Chef Casper's own meltdown in front of the critic, in which he issues all sorts of profane explanations about how the dessert is made. After clips of the blow-up go viral, he slinks off to Miami, where he begs his ex-wife's ex-husband, played by Robert Downey Jr., for help and winds up with a pungent, infested food truck that's more like a biology project than a potential vehicle for success.
Yet social media winds up being the engine of his food truck's success. His son, Percy (Emjay Anthony), with whom he predictably has trouble connecting, is a Twitter and Instagram guru. As they park curbside in cities that line up between Miami and L.A., they become a tweetable sensation.
While I found the cheerful chirping of Twitter something close to branded content, it was music to the chefs' ears. Chatter, after all, is their business. "I'll check my Twitter account 20 or 30 times a day," said Grasso. "Any time I have a second, I'll look at it."
Another issue I raised is the protagonist's love interests. The three didn't buy Chef Casper's relationship with his wealthy ex-wife Inez (Modern Family's Sofia Vergara), who lives in a palatial L.A. house. She seemed way out of his league. Yet the laws of restaurant dynamics dictate that even though he may be a has-been paleface, Chef Casper could have easily seduced the fetching hostess, depicted by a black-haired Scarlett Johansson. "You got single people spending 90 per cent of their time working together. For sure he's going to be [having vigorous intimate relations with] her," said Vitiello.
Each chef, however, connected with their own moments. Vitiello enjoyed the tension of whether a chef should respond to tweets or not. Grasso enthused about the soundtrack, and in particular liked a scene in which Favreau and his sous-chef (John Leguizamo) sing an off-key version of Sexual Healing in front of a nonplussed Percy. "That's a kitchen moment: When something's only funny to you and the crew."
For Rose, a single father of a little boy who works long hours, it was seeing something like his own life onscreen.
Drinks done, desserts clawed at and picked through, we called it a night. Rose left his restaurant and went home. The other two chefs said they also were going to go home – but first they wanted to pop into work.
Edge of Tomorrow and The Immigrant: Double feature from the edges of Hollywood
An epic journey loses its way in Tracks
The Fault in Our Stars: a full-throttle, by-the-numbers tearjerker
The Animal Project: Not a failed project, but flawed
The Sacrament: Found footage fizzles
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radical feminists vs. terf's and radfems
There's a lot of nuance to feminism. Needless to say, all those nuances can't be covered in one article. There's a lot of different ways to go about practicing it—some of which are oppressive. Mainstream feminism (often referred to as "white feminism") doesn't recognize the nuances of race, class, gender or agender, dis/ability, sexual and romantic orientation, and so on; it doesn't particularly think critically, and really only benefits white women of middle- and upper middle-class. Neo-liberal feminism seeks assimilation into existing power structures and has a heavily corporate focus. Intersectional Feminism strives to take all these nuances—these "intersections" where different types of oppression meet—into account and incorporate the larger structure of oppression intersectionality creates into their social justice work. Then, there are TERFs.
TERF is an acronym for Trans-Exclusionary Radical Feminist(s). TERFs are not feminists. If your feminism does not include people of Color, it's not feminism; if your feminism does not include people living in poverty, it's not feminism; if your feminism does not include queer people, it's not feminism; if your feminism does not include people with dis/abilities, it's not feminism; if your feminism excludes trans women and gender non-conforming people, it's not feminism; if you feminism does not include sex workers, it's not feminism. TERFs largely exclude trans women on the basis that biology—genitalia, chromosomes—defines gender, argue that transgender people, trans women specifically, transition only to gain access to women's safe spaces. They even hold entire festivals, like the Michigan Women's Festival, that openly exclude trans women.
TERFs push notions like Autogynephilia: not attracted to women, but specifically trans women having a sexual fetish for themselves as women. Autogynephilia is a fictitious dichotomy that oppresses both trans individuals inside and outside the gender binary and neurodivergent individuals (as this false rhetoric defines Autogynephilia as a mental illness, in addition to defining trans-ness as a mental illness). TERFs can often be heard saying that they're not transphobic, they're trans-critical. Which is the same thing is being transphobic, it's just re-packaging ostentatious transphobia and inexorable transmisogyny in a package that sounds, in theory, less shitty. (It's not less shitty.)
RadFems also are anti-sex work by cisgender women and incorporate that anti-sex worker stance in a truly hyper-focused emphasis on the fact that many trans women turn to sex work as a "survival crime" because of the cisgender privilege rampant in society that creates and maintains anti-trans violence; RadFems and TERFs actively deny cisgender privilege exists. (Goodness forbid that some sex-workers actually enjoy their work—a reality for some sex-workers that TERFs vehemently deny even as a slight possibility.)
In addition, their use of the word "radical" is misappropriated. As an adjective, "Radical" is defined in the Mariam-Webster Dictionary as 1) thoroughgoing or extreme, especially as regards change from accepted or traditional forms, and 2) favoring drastic political, economic, or social reforms. Intersectional feminism—feminism that makes it a point to include trans individuals of all shapes, sizes, varieties, and backgrounds—fits, to an extent, this definition. Trans Exclusionary Radical Feminists or "RadFems" are not radical feminists in the essence of the word despite their use of it; their use of the word has been twisted around to an extent so extreme that a now-accepted definition is one of trans exclusion. Hopefully, "radical" in the way TERFs define it will never become part of the dominant feminist lexicon.
Sometimes that happens with words, language evolves for better or worse. A "radical" is not (inherently, originally) a bad thing; radical is a person or action that wishes to tear down existing power structures and redistribute them in a manner that is more equitable for everyone. It is a person or action that is strong in their conviction for positive change. It's a philosophy that stresses patriarchy (political and social structures that inherently oppress women—and other femme-type folks—while privileging men) and the need to tear down, or "Smash," the patriarchal system because it creates such glaring social inequity that women and other marginalized groups (such as the few mentioned above) have little to no way of accessing the powers that would allow social equity. The structure of the society we live in prevents that, and so assimilation into that system is not the way to gain access to the privileges it distributes, only re-distribution of power and wealth through ending patriarchal systems can lead to that.
Intersectional Feminists, who are fighting tooth and nail for equality and inclusion of all marginalized groups, are not RadFems. We, and the demographics we are made up of will never exclude trans and gender non-conforming people. Biology is not destiny, but claiming that biology is destiny is nothing short of bigotry.
Jenna-Nichole Conrad2019-04-17T18:55:27-04:00
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About the Author: Jenna-Nichole Conrad
Jenna-Nichole, more commonly known as JayJay, is a Poet (with a capital P!) currently experiencing life in and around Massachusetts. When they're not reading books, they're reading more books.
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