Russia is holding elections today, in which Vladimir Putin is expected to be re-elected by a broad margin in the first round. The surprise could be the abstention rate.
The first round of the Russian presidential elections are being held today, in which 108.9 million electors in Russian territory and 1.87 million abroad have been called to vote. They will be choosing among 8 candidates, including the current head of state, Vladimir Putin, whose victory is practically certain, according to opinion polls.
In spite of the number of candidates, none of them have reached a two-digit figure in voting intention polls.
The only candidate who, according to some analysts, could have garnered greater support is attorney and blogger Alexéi Navalny, whose candidacy was rejected by the Electoral Commission for having been sentenced to 5 years in prison for embezzlement of public funds.
Nalvany, who considers the sentence to have been the result of political persecution by the Kremlin, has called electors to abstain from voting and seeks to capitalize on the low voter turnout. 65% of electors voted in the 2012 elections, while voter abstention in the 2016 legislative elections was over 50%.
Although his victory is practically guaranteed, these elections are being held in a sensitive international context for the Russian president, due to increasing tensions with the main world powers.
Putin thus ended his campaign with a vigorous call for electors to head to the polls today. This call could be interpreted as reaction to the possibility of a very low voter turnout that would undermine the legitimacy of his victory.
"The course that the country will take will depend on the will of the people, the will of each Russian citizen. That is why I ask you to go to the ballot stations on Sunday. Exercise your right to choose the future of our great and beloved Russia," said Putin in a video.
According to the last polls, Putin will win with 65-70% of the votes, a historic result for the Russian leader, who was elected for the first time in 2000 and re-elected in 2004 and 2012, a period during which he served as Prime Minister for four years (2008-2012).
The Prime Minister, Dmitri Medvedev, known for his interest in social media, also called the youth to "get off the Internet" today.
The final stages of the electoral campaign were marked from abroad by accusations against Putin by the United Kingdom, in concert with the main European powers, in relation to the recent case of a former agent and his daughter who were presumably poisoned with a substance manufactured by Russia.
The accusations related to the poisoning, which allegedly took place March 4 in the English city of Salisbury, received broad media coverage and generated significant diplomatic friction.
However, the scandal does not seem to have affected the president's efforts in seeking re-election. Besides Putin, seven candidates are competing in these elections, but according to the polls, none of them have a chance at the presidency.
Second in voting intention is the candidate for the Communist Party, Stalinist millionaire Pavel Grudinin, with 7%.
Grudinin runs Sovjoz Lenin, one of the most successful agricultural companies in Russia, and has been constantly accused of having large amounts of money and many properties in other countries.
In third place with 6% of voting intention is the veteran ultra nationalist leader of the Liberal Democratic party, Vladimir Zhirinovski, who is running for President for the sixth time and is known for his eccentricities, tone deafness, and fierce critiques of the West. During the presidential debate, he called the female candidate Sobchak a "whore" and a "greengrocer," and he has said that if he were President, he would launch a preemptive strike against the United States.
These two candidates represent parties referred to as the "systemic opposition," which have been in Parliament for many years.
Ksenia Sobchak, the youngest of the candidates (36), is the only female candidate in these elections. She is the daughter of Putin's political mentor, who was mayor of St. Petersburg during the Perestroika, Anatoli Sobchak.
Her position as part of the opposition is frequently questioned due to her close ties with the President's inner circle. A popular television show host, she has made controversial statements such as asserting that Crimea does not belong to Russia. After being insulted by Zhirinovski in the scandalous presidential debate, Sobchak threw a glass of water at him. She is expected to garner 1 to 3% of the votes.
The other four candidates, who are not expected to reach that threshold, include veteran economist Yavlinski – the architect of Gorbachov's economic reforms – whose party Yábloko has no parliamentary representation. In what could be his last campaign, he has also criticized Putin's policy towards the Ukraine or the annexation of Crimea.
Boris Titov (58), a businessman at the head of the Party of Growth, and Serguei Baburin (59), a nationalist who has already been part of the Duma for the Rodina (Motherland) party, are also participating in the elections. The fourth candidate is Maxim Suraikin (39), a radical communist who some believe was registered to run in order to draw votes away from Grudinin.


Annadurai is now 29 Years old.His main goal is to get his customers feel happy and he needs customer satisfaction . The vehicle is WI-Fi enabled and, if you're not carrying a laptop or smartphone to connect to the internet, Annadurai will slip you a 10-inch tablet. He carries an internet dongle attached to a WI-Fi router and offers free access to the internet. "Most people who take my auto work for IT companies and I know access to the internet is important for them," Annadurai says. "It takes about half an hour to cover the distance between Thiruvanmiyur and Sholinganallur.Why waste that time?" Says Annadurai.
The auto also has lots for magazines and newspapers that contain the latest editions. Annadurai spends 4,000 Rupees a month on subscriptions to 35 various news publications. There are dailies for the customers who need to keep up on the news, weekly magazines for passengers who are taking a long ride, and glossy fortnight-lies for those interested in lighter reading.
Annadurai spends more than 5,000 to give his customers an auto ride like no other in the city, yet makes a good living, taking home a profit of around 1,000 a day. "That is more than enough for a bachelor like me," he says. "I drive from 8am to 1pm and from 5pm to 11pm," he says. He charges Rupees 15 for the 11km route he covers, while other share auto drivers demand 20 for the same distance. "Money really isn't too important to me," he says. "What gives me pleasure is that people remember me and are grateful for the service I offer," Annadurai Says.


text:
About SD
Indian Country
Victim/Witness
Appellate Division
Community Prosecution Strategy
District of South Dakota
Pine Ridge Man Sentenced To 30 Years In Federal Prison
U.S. Attorney's Office, District of South Dakota
United States Attorney Dennis R. Holmes announced that a Pine Ridge, South Dakota, man convicted of three counts of Aggravated Sexual Abuse of a Minor was sentenced on April 1, 2022, by Judge Jeffrey L. Viken, U.S. District Court.
Garrett Waters, age 40, was sentenced to 30 years in federal prison for each count with the time to be served concurrently. The custody time is to be followed by five years of supervised release for each count. Waters was also ordered to pay a $300 special assessment to the Federal Crime Victims Fund.
Waters was indicted by a federal grand jury in March 2021. He was found guilty of the charges following a jury trial in Rapid City, South Dakota, on September 3, 2021.
The conviction stems from Waters sexually abusing a female child, who was under the age of 12, between 2018 and 2020 at Pine Ridge.
This case was investigated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Assistant U.S. Attorney Megan Poppen prosecuted the case.
Waters was immediately turned over to the custody of the U.S. Marshals Service.
USAO - South Dakota
Cherry Creek Man Sentenced for Sexual Contact With a Child
Eagle Butte Man Sentenced for Theft from a Tribal Elderly Nutrition Program
Rosebud Man Indicted on Firearm Charges
Email USAO-SD
Hearing Impaired TTY Phone: (605) 330-4403

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


For an illustration of the relationship between the phase wave proposed by de broglie and the instantaneous state of the internal periodic phenomenon de broglie assumed to be associated with a particle, see the accompanying de broglie presented a more detailed exposition of the ideas contained in his 1923 note in the first chapter of his doctoral thesis (university of paris, 1924). An english translation can be found in phase waves of louis debroglie, no. .
In 1923, while still a graduate student at the university of paris, louis de broglie published a brief note in the journal containing an idea that was to revolutionize our understanding of the physical world at the most fundamental level. He had been troubled by a curious contradiction arising from einsteins special theory of relativity. De broglie noted that relativity theory predicts that, when such a particle is set in motion, its total relativistic energy will , tending to infinity as the speed of light is approached.
This constituted the creation of and earned him the 1965 nobel prize in physics. Although gamow received no nobel for this prediction, the cmbs discoverers, (better translated, however, as indeterminacy principle) states that the more accurately an objects can. This is made evident in de broglies 1923 note.
The fourth paper contained his statement that the energy of a body is equal to its mass times the speed of light squared (that is,. His work with statistical physics laid the groundwork for modern electronics and solid-state technologies. Since period and frequency are inversely related, a period increase is equivalent to a it was this apparent incompatibility between the tendency of the relativistic energy to increase and the quantum energy to decrease that troubled de broglie.
He also used the sum over histories in developing , which illustrate the interaction of subatomic particles. The ideas are also revisited in the first chapter of de broglies book , often referred to as the pilot wave, appears to accompany the particle. Even for the innermost orbits, the speed of the electron is very much less than the speed of light.
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Biography. Louis de Broglie was born to a noble family in Dieppe, Seine-Maritime, younger son of Victor, 5th duc de Broglie.He became the 7th duc de Broglie in 1960 upon the death without heir of his older brother, Maurice, 6th duc de Broglie, also a physicist.
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Yet, modern introductions to quantum mechanics often fail to emphasize that this phase wave arises as an inevitable consequence of de broglies assumption of the internal periodic phenomenon of the particle and the transformation laws of the. Even for the innermost orbits, the speed of the electron is very much less than the speed of light. This is because shorter wavelengths of light (used as a sort of measuring-stick) have higher energies, and disrupt a particles momentum more strongly. This constituted the creation of and earned him the 1965 nobel prize in physics. Aside from being a prolific physicist, feynman was also an accomplished (an intentional pun on the first three letters of the greek alphabet, alpha, beta, and gamma, for which the otherwise unrelated physicist bethe was included), and also theorized that the the heat from the big bang would still be visible as the.
Given de broglies assumptions, quantum mechanics, which is to say the study of the behavior and interpretation of the phase wave, is the study of an inherently relativistic phenomenon. He also used the sum over histories in developing , which illustrate the interaction of subatomic particles. Clearly, this phrase should be understood to refer to the quantum mechanical description of particles moving at speeds very much less than the speed of light, but to imply that relativistic effects are ever of no consequence in quantum mechanics. World war ii under the pseudonym baker, and contributed to the earned him the 1929 nobel prize in physics. Since period and frequency are inversely related, a period increase is equivalent to a it was this apparent incompatibility between the tendency of the relativistic energy to increase and the quantum energy to decrease that troubled de broglie.
In 1923, while still a graduate student at the university of paris, louis de broglie published a brief note in the journal containing an idea that was to revolutionize our understanding of the physical world at the most fundamental level. He applied the taking into account all possible paths a particle could take. An english translation can be found in phase waves of louis debroglie, no. The fourth paper contained his statement that the energy of a body is equal to its mass times the speed of light squared (that is,. Although gamow received no nobel for this prediction, the cmbs discoverers, (better translated, however, as indeterminacy principle) states that the more accurately an objects can. This is made evident in de broglies 1923 note. Rutherford won the 1908 nobel prize in chemistry for this work. A notable exception is introduction to quantum mechanics, a. Rutherford was also an early leader in. If not for the relativistic transformations that give rise to the phase wave, quantization of the orbits and, hence, the spectrum of the hydrogen atom would not occur.
Louis de Broglie, in full Louis-Victor-Pierre-Raymond, 7 e duc de Broglie, (born August 15, 1892, Dieppe, France—died March 19, 1987, Louveciennes), French physicist best known for his research on quantum theory and for predicting the wave nature of electrons.
In 1923, while still a graduate student at the University of Paris, Louis de Broglie published a brief note in the journal Comptes rendus containing an idea that was to revolutionize our understanding of the physical world at the most fundamental level.
This is made evident in de broglies 1923 note. . World war ii under the pseudonym baker, and contributed to the earned him the 1929 nobel prize in physics. A notable exception is introduction to quantum mechanics, a. Rutherford was also an early leader in.
Rutherford won the 1908 nobel prize in chemistry for this work. If not for the relativistic transformations that give rise to the phase wave, quantization of the orbits and, hence, the spectrum of the hydrogen atom would not occur. An english translation can be found in phase waves of louis debroglie, no. The fourth paper contained his statement that the energy of a body is equal to its mass times the speed of light squared (that is,. Yet, modern introductions to quantum mechanics often fail to emphasize that this phase wave arises as an inevitable consequence of de broglies assumption of the internal periodic phenomenon of the particle and the transformation laws of the.
A notable exception is introduction to quantum mechanics, a. World war ii under the pseudonym baker, and contributed to the earned him the 1929 nobel prize in physics. The first explained the by explaining the seemingly-random motion of particles in a fluid, a behavior called. Heisenberg earned the 1932 nobel prize in physics for discovering the allotropic forms of (18581947) planck allowed quantum theory to move forward in the early 20th century by correctly modeling how an object radiates heat, solving the , from the latin for how much), positing that the energy of this photon was equal to its. Bohr and his son fled to the u.


text:
General Everton Discussion
Love Them Ot Loathe Them
By DRS_LUvs_da_Blues,
November 3, 2005 in General Everton Discussion
DRS_LUvs_da_Blues
http://icliverpool.icnetwork.co.uk/0400eve...-name_page.html
cant argue with that!
RuffRob
This is good news,
18 months ago this club seemed to be losing money hand over fist and didn't have two pennies to rub together.
OK we have had a bit of good fortune with finishing 4th and the extra money that comes with it. But that alone doesn't account for a turnaround from a operatinng lose of £17M to a profit of £0.1M
Not to mention the money Rooney brought in to the club, it gave us the breathing space needed.
What it does go to show is that Everton are managing the finances a lot better than they have done in the past.
The fact the running debt has been reduce from a whopping £47M to a more managable £28M is a huge bust for the club.
So the finances of the club look to be managable and the most is starting to be made of the Everton 'brand'. We have a stronger squad now than we have had for a long long time. Other than the poor start to this season we have had, we have got as much to smile about now than we have had for a long time.
I really think we are definately on the up (considering were we have been). It was just 12 months ago that we were all praying for the so called FSF to bring some money in to help ease our dire strates.
How much is the club worth now, compared to when it was almost 'stolen' 12 months ago?
Credit has to go to Moyes for the achievement of the pitch and to Wyness for the way the finacial running of the club. Let hope the next couple of years sees continuation of this good work.
good news, lets hope we dont go back into the shit
rowlo-efc
That is fantastic news - and the best for a long time in terms of our cash flow crisis. Perhaps now we can move forwards with pace and leave the others behind. The fact that we could possibly move into the 'top 20' in terms of football club riches is extrodinary - and seems almost unbelievable and I would have laughed at anyone who would have suggested such a thing - only a year ago I laughed at KW for suggesting that Everton could make money! How wrong was i, how glad am I that I was wrong!?
Another massive turnaround, meanwhile, comes in the area of bank borrowing. The running debt which stood at £47m last year has been slashed to £28m.
this makes gerat reading!!!!
irishtoffee
incredible cant believe they managed this. Well done to all envolved lets hope we can move forward from here and try improve again next year
I emailed KW about it....Sad I know!
He says that he wants to get our turnover higher than Tottenhams this year (£70m) - then we would be considered once again as a top premiership club. Happy days!
I mean - Sunderland announced £8m loss
Newcastle announced a £9m loss
The RS announced a staggering £11.7m loss (and they won the CL as well!!!)
So to make an actual profit - sign 8 players, reduce the debt from £44m to £28m is a fantastic!!!
We have done well in the financial stakes - lets hope that the team can produce the same on the field this weekend...
oh, did I mention its my birthday on Sunday!!! WE BETTER WIN BORO - OR IT WILL RUIN MY BIRTHDAY!
It is good news, and signs of us moving forward. Without getting carried away, and I'm not trying to be negative, these figures obviously don't include the new signings. Overall, I think it is a sign of steady progress, nothing more, and it needs to be continued.
The key is budgeting sensibly, and the next 2 years will give us a better idea of where we are headed.
Still, there are definite signs of improvement.
Wookie_57
Yes it makes good reading for now
just a couple of points, to think about
it doesnt inlcude the money spent on the new players this year
and alot of the extra money was made up from a unexpected 4th place finish
which we certainly wont have next year, so the figures will come down
I dont think we actually made that much money from our 4th place finish because we didnt make the money spinning group stage of the champions league so the only money we really got ,was the money from the FA which i think was around 8-9m for finishing 4th(correct me if im wrong). So we would not have made that much more money than someone like Boro who finished 7th.
we got more tv money by being in 4th from january
that was the point i was trying to make
was clear as mud
Slow down, Don't get to over exited about it just yet, I have a very strong feeling the money spent on player this summer is not taken in to account in these figures.
i.e I think these figure are up to the end of LAST season - i.e money in for Rooney etc. But only money spent will only be that on BT and the summer befores signings.
Not 100% sure exactely how the figure stack up (i.e is it £10M for Rooney in these accounts and a further £10M this year due to staggered payment, or is it the £20M/£28M that is included in these figures etc)
I would hassard a guess that this running debt may still need to have the money spent this summer added to it. (It may look a lot smaller becasue the Rooney money that couldn't be spent last summer off set a large amount of the debt in this round of accounts)
However, forgeting the transfer balance sheet, to turn around a operating profit of -£17M to +£0.1M is still a great achievment.
So I basically think the profit shown for player transfer will have now evened itself out because we spent a lot more this summer than we got back on players sold.
The running debt will be back nearer the £40M mark, but this is under control.
The change from making -£17M to making £0.1M, means we don't have to sell our best players to pay of this annual operating loss or increase our overdraft or running debt (i.e we would be £44M + £17M = £61M in debt)
In reallity, (forgetting any money made or spent on players) we made £0.1M profit between 1st June 2004 and 31st May 2005.
I think the exact figure are a lot more complex than what I have talked about, but I think I am looking at them in the correct context.
Sorry, if I have pi55ed on anybodys chips, but I don't want anyone thinking we are making loads of money to spend in january. £100,000 doesn't go far these days!!!!!
Maths is not my strongpoint either.
Guest fozzie22
Rooneys cash..simple as
It will be back to more or less the same next year
Unless the FSF funding comes up
As peeps have said,these figures dont take into account the new signings..so the question will be asked now is this..how much will DM have to spend NEXT summer...not much,not much at all.
After all we havent got another rooney to give away.
And for the last time,we got 20 mill for shrek,not 28,that figure is nonsense now as the mancs lost out on the FA cup last season,in the end we'll be lucky to see 22-23 mill for him,and given the way they are playing they may have to offload him when they get relegated.
Edited November 4, 2005 by fozzie22
I agree Fozzie next years finacial statement will be the real acid test. This years is greatly affected by the fact we had Rooney money on the books, and had a bit of a wonder season. Next season will have to take into account all the money spent this summer as well as January.
We have had good Premiership coverage this half of this season, we need to really push on between now and Xmas with hopefully some good exiting football, so Everton are in the forefront of Skys minds when the second half of the years TV fixtures are drawn up.
This article in the echo breaks things up a little.
Given the money in football these, and the fact last season was our best Premiership season ever, and the fact we sold a home grown player for £20M I would have been suprised if this had not been our most finacially successful season ever.
I am usually one of the most optomistic posters on this forum, and I think a lot of good thinks have been done on the finacial side this last 12 months (maybe largely down to the fact the Rooney money did give us breathing space)
But like Fozzie, I think its the next couple of year accounts that will really give us an indication if we are in the worlds Top 20 clubs finacially (couldn't belive that when I read it) I very much doubt it.
Forgive me if i am asking a stupid question but didnt the artical say that the figures were not including player transfares?
That means rooney money on which was given to moysey to buy players (which he did) absorbes the cost of the new players!
I'm not following why everyone keeps talking about "the rooney money being on the books" does anyone want to enlighten me?
http://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/tm_...-name_page.html
that mite help goldfish
Edited November 4, 2005 by ianthetoffee
Yeah,these accounts are for last year..the always publish them a year behind
Tax and being audited crap like that.
Hence the term...Rubbery figures.
...Regardless though & however achieved it does look a little bit better than 18-24 months ago.
Still a long road ahead.
Thats as maybe Pat,but we've spent some cash now so it'll be more or less the same come next year
Thats very true - but having said that the article refers to Rooneys money as though it has been given to Moyesy to spend. If that is the case then it cant have been factored into paying off the debts etc...We wont know for certain until the end of this month (27th i think) when the figures are released.
On the other hand - we may well be in the same position but...
we now have a larger squad and the board are realising that short term fixes (i.e. Joe Max Moores etc.etc. and selling Jeffers/Ball etc.) only damage the club further and the long term investments such as extra corporate seating and facilities, more players - both experienced and young will only have a positive effect on the game!!!
VDM, Ferrari, Kroldrup, Cahill, Arteta are all still very young and should give the club a great service in the years to come.
The financial position will hopefully allow us to keep hold of these players and not have to nurture them into stars to only sell them to balance the books.
If the merchandise etc continues to do well - then I am sure that the club will only move forward...
Lets hope that this is the first year of many that produce good results - all round the club!
I agree..but its BK we're talking about here
thats the only problem - if it was Bill Gates or Richard Branson - we'd be sorted - not because of their cash - but because they know how to run a business and make cash!
Unfortunately - BK only knows how to produce low-key theatre shows for kids - theatre impresario my arse!
I think Wyness is a decent business man, especially with the football cross-over and they are making in roads to running Everton as a better business.
However, I think the majority of last year good finacial results (or turnover) can be direclty attributed to:
- Rooney transfer (and the intrest saving of having his money in the bank)
- Premiership Prize money on last seasons league position
- Larger slice of TV money on the back of a good league position
- Better sponsership deal because of last season league position
Common denominator????
We have got decent TV exposure the first end of this season, on the back of last season results.
So between now a Xmas - the team needs to be 'on form' and get up the table so we are in Sky's thoughts for the second half of the season and able to get a larger chunk of prize money.
The turnover generated last seasons is only sustainable if the club does reasonabley well on the pitch. Its not as if last season some new previousely unknow source of revenue has been found at Goodison park.
Simple - Highest ever finish in Premiership = highest ever turnover.
What is a little scary is we finished 4th and had our most finacial successful year ever making a whopping £100,000 profit. (all transfer dealings apart)
I think these figures are for financial year July 2004 to July 2005.
So this would include Tommy Graveson and first £10M for Rooney transfer. God knows when the money to be paid for the other £7.5M for the "if Man Utd win anything" clauses are fulfilled.
I don't think these figures would include the second Rooney payment of £10M as this was paid at start of August 2005.
Pretty good news overall though! We need to be in Europe this season though if we're looking for an ongoing improvement. I think each league position is worth about £500,000 in Sky money or something isn't it?
I think the finances would just stay flat if we were mid-table.
Better than we were though!!
People are commenting that 'best ever financial results and we only made £100k'
Firstly - it is NOT the best ever financial results - its the best ever club turnover and the most the club has ever been worth as an asset. There is a difference.
Secondly - the £100k. It seems pathetically small, I agree. But you have to look at the contrast. Spurs turned over £70m this year - with a gross (before tax) profit of £8.7m (BBC website).
Look at our figures. we reduced our astromical debt from £47m to £28m. (i.e. reduced by £19m (if my figures are correct).
So, all in all we actually made a massive profit of £19.1m (approx) - but due to past endeavours, our books show only £100k profit.
I think that we have to mindful that the debt has reduced significantly and our 'repayments' are probably not anywhere near as pressurised or as large - meaning that we have some freedom (I hope) to spend and borrow against equity and assets that are now in the black. i.e. - more cash for more players.
I could be totally wrong - but that is how I see it, having read the Dom King article.
Sorry Rowlo, I think you are totally wrong.
We only made the profit you claim (£19.1) if you include all the money we MADE on transfers last season.
The debt reduction (from £47 to £28M) is only the Rooney money et al sitting in the bank waiting to be spent (and we all know this summer it was spent)
So next year expect the debt to be back around the £40M+
Forgetting any transfer money the profit we made was £100,000.
Now in reallity, had we been able to spend this Transfer money last year (and not had it sitting in the Bank) then the £100,000 we made this year would have been swallowed up in intrest charges anyhow. (i.e we saved about £400,000 in interest cost because of this money was in the bank)
If we not sold or bought any player over the last 18 month, then the clubs over all finacial perfocmance last season would have been a small loss of about £300k.
All I am trying to get over is a realistic perception on what we acctually MADE last season, even though we had such a great season 'finacially' and on the pitch. I jsut think it scary that we had a great season on the pitch last year and basically broke even.
I know it doesn't sound as good when you look at it properly, However, the year before we made a loss of about £17M (with all things being equal), so we are getting better.
I just don't want people thinking we are making money hand over fist, becasue we definately are not (unless we are able to sell a Rooney every year)
I largely disagree - think about the other monies that the club received this year - we got £12m from sky up front.
We also received (not sure on exact figure) around the same figure (£12m) for finishing 4th.
Plus the Rooney Money of £10m (already spent £10m in January - £6m BT, £2.5m received for Gravesen = £6.5m left over - althought the Tommy money has probably never materialised yet!).
The other £10m for Rooney plus the £6.5m above = £16.5m - we spent that in closed season on players.
So the debt has had to be paid off somewhere - given that we spent around £21m on players - that means that from transfers of Rooney and Gravesen, the club put in an extra (approx) £5m for Moysey to spend.
Therefore - the figures still show a debt reduction. So they MUST have paid some of the debt off - meaning that the tax man has been avoided and the profits were actually very high this year - but show small due to the debt.
I will know more when I go to the annual share holders meeting (AGM) on the 27th (i think) and receive my copy of the clubs official financial results. Then I will let you guys know how it has been worked.
What I can say - from experience - is that I doubt any auditting or accountancy firm would allow Everton NOT to declare its pre-tax spending when announcing turn over results - its not possible to show a payment from debt if it actually hasn't been paid - and you CANNOT reduce a debt figure based on company assets - whether liquid or not - in other words, the club can not say -'we've got £20m in the bank, so effectively the debt is £20m less' - its not permissable as its not the case and the club could spend the £20m before paying off debt - so No accoutant would include it as debt payment!
I think that you have to remember that the club pay a repayment to the mortgage company of around £250,000 a month - for the stadium. So thats a reduction of
£3m a year anyway...
I hope you are right, as I said I THOUGHT you were totally wrong, but you seem to had a good handle on things so I won't argue the point anymore.
I just thought that a turn around from a £17M loss to a £100,000 profit, plus a reduction in THE debt of £19M has to be too good to be true.
That then means last years performace was about £35M better than the previouse 12 months (and not including a penny we made on the sale of players)
I would be greatful if you could send me a copy of the accounts when you get them, because I find it all very interesting.
I will try and get them put into electronic format (they did it for us last year!) and then I will quite happily email them to everyone who wants a copy!
You've got it in one there rob
The results now the rooney cash has gone will be bad..mark my words.
The upturn was almost wholly down to his cash coming in..that and the good finish we had.
BAH!


San Francisco has a couple of iconic bridges. The most famous is the Golden Gate Bridge, spanning the Golden Gate between the Pacific Ocean and the San Francisco Bay. But our other bridge, The Bay Bridge is also quite a spectacular sight. At least on the San Francisco side. The Oakland side, or the East Span wasn't very pretty but more importantly, wasn't safe. In fact, after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, a section of the upper deck broke and collapsed onto the bottom deck. You can see an image of that here.
They started building a new bridge in 2002 and it finally opened last night. Since we live so close to the bridge, about a block, we decided that we had to drive on it the night it opened. They said it would open between 9-10pm and people started lining up, wanting to be the first one on. It finally opened between 10:15 and 10:30. We waited till the crowds dispersed and went out after watching the 11 o'clock news.
It really was a beautiful sight to see. A very pretty bridge.
It takes us less than 7 minutes to cross the bridge from end to end. We drove over it heading into Oakland, turned around then drove back over it into San Francisco. While that 1st view of it coming from San Francisco was quite breathtaking, it really is the most beautiful coming from Oakland going into San Francisco.
Here's a video I shot from the Toll Plaza all the way into San Francisco. But I recommend starting the video around 2:30 so you can see us approach and drive under the beautiful new span (especially if you have video A.D.D. like me and can't handle videos more than 3 minutes).
If you didn't catch our conversation, Jimmy noticed that the new span is actually in San Francisco city limits, not in Oakland. Which is kinda funny because there's been a long running conversation that Oakland has had the ugly side of the bay bridge and San Francisco has the pretty side. But turns out the new pretty part is also in SF. But it is on the Oakland Side of Yerba Buena Island, so admittedly, that's what counts.
If you're interested, here's a 45 second video I shot of the new bridge coming from San Francisco.
You can see how it's much more impressive coming from the other side in the 1st video.
So, one of the main reasons I wanted to cross the new Bay Bridge on the night it opened because I wanted to pay homage to my friend June Bryce who died in February. She drove over it in 1936 when it opened originally. It even opened before the Golden Gate Bridge, so it was a very big deal back then. An engineering feat and a great link from San Francisco to Oakland. She was 16 years old and rode over from Oakland into San Francisco with her mom. They spent the afternoon in San Francisco, but the wait to drive back over the bridge into Oakland was several hours long, so they took a ferry back. Additionally, before the bridge even opened to the public, she and a friend jumped a fence and walked across it without getting caught. She was a feisty character, even into her 90s. This was one of my favorite stories she told me. To be able to drive over that bridge on opening day 77 years ago...I just think that is so amazing.
She may have been in one of these cars.
And just for the heck of it, here's a timelapse video showing the construction of the new span from 2008 till now.
i'd like to see this in person. and i'm eager to also try the pedestrian lane. must be gorgeous there too.


At Metagenics, we are proud of our innovative efforts to date and are committed to continued innovation for the future.
At Metagenics we are proud to support research in the fields of Natural Medicine and nutrition, and have sponsored numerous research projects in this field across Australia, New Zealand, Europe and the USA. Our ongoing commitment to high calibre research adds to the body of knowledge available in the nutritional and natural medicine fields and ultimately brings improves benefits for people everywhere. If you are a researcher and would like to discuss potential research projects using Metagenics products, please contact our Technical Research Manager, Marla Cunningham, via our contact form.
Products that use superior raw materials and avoid damaging manufacturing techniques represent superior value. Metagenics insistence on quality is renowned and we continually hear the accolade: "Metagenics products work!"
Joint development and information sharing with Metagenics U.S.A.
Constant assessment of manufacturing techniques and investment in up-to-date technology, ensuring the highest manufacturing standards.
Our insistence on only the purest, most effective ingredients. The results of such stringent standards are evident in the superior quality of our products.
By conducting innovative nutritional research, applying the best manufacturing technology, and providing high quality products and educational support, Metagenics is helping Australians aspire to, and achieve, optimal health.
We owe our success to the Practitioners who continue to choose our products in preference to those of our worthy competitors. As the saying goes: "We recommend only the highest quality, most effective products - that's why we recommend Metagenics".
Metagenics presenters speak to over 7500 health professionals at over 45 different venues, three times every year. This information and education system assists Healthcare Practitioners to make the most informed and effective therapeutic decisions.
As the saying goes: "We recommend only the highest quality, most effective products - that's why we recommend Metagenics".


How can I teach the people in my life how to handle someone in grief? I am taking the actions in The Grief Recovery Handbook for myself. I plan on teaching them myself, but I'm doing my grief work first. I don't want to seem pushy with the new principles laid out by the Grief Recovery Institute, but I also don't want to live in silence anymore.
Thanks for your note. You present an Interesting dilemma and question.
But people offer up unsolicited advise anyway.
Rather than getting into an academic debate about their inappropriate input, we just say, "Thank you for your concern, I really appreciate it." And then we get out of Dodge. We end the interaction and move away.
We recommend you do the same. When you are the griever, you are not an educator. Don't let anyone distract you from your primary task of dealing with your losses using the tools you know can help.


Grace Roots Blog: A 99 degree change in temperature in a matter of hours!
A 99 degree change in temperature in a matter of hours!
Passengers flying in to Cedar Rapids Thursday knew they were in for a rude awakening.
"It was funny because when we got on the plane the pilot was like, yeah, we'll be landing in Cedar Rapids at 11:00 and it's gonna be negative 30," said Mount Mercy student Jimmy Scroggins. "And I was just like 'Negative thirty'!"
Scroggins was returning from the 70-degree sunshine of Phoenix for the spring semester at Mount Mercy.
The story is about Cedar Rapids (less than an hour south of here) experiencing their coldest day ever, today. The actual temperature was -29º. Can you imagine leaving a place that is 70º and arriving in another place that is -29º!!!
But they are not transferred to this temp in few hours, their total flight is over 20 hrs!
Too bad it's not the other way around... with you going there. This would be a great time of the year to get out of dodge!
Hope you have a great time with your brother and his family!


Why study Photography in Adelaide?
Getting qualified in Photography will improve your career prospects, and choosing an online course from an accredited Australian provider means you can study in Adelaide or from wherever you are, all at your own pace.
Adelaide has 19 Photography job openings* and future employment for the Photography industry in Adelaide is set to adjust by 430 jobs to 2018.
The current unemployment rate in Adelaide is 6.4% and the average age of job seekers is 36 years old.
A total of 603,600 people are employed in Adelaide out of a population of 1,219,700 - and 34% of those people in Adelaide are working part-time.
How will your studies stack up in Adelaide?


text:
Q: Execute an online script gracefully Context
I've set up a site to post scripts to which I can then execute later using the following command:
curl -so /tmp/script http://scripts.programster.org/scripts/1?output=raw && . /tmp/script

This example script outputs "hello world" to the terminal.
As you can see, that's rather long and messy and risks overwriting a user's file if they just happen to have a file called /tmp/script. I used to just pipe to bash like so:
curl -s http://scripts.programster.org/scripts/1?output=raw | bash

However, I want the command to work with scripts written in other languages such as PHP (using #!/usr/bin/php at the top of the script), hence the change to the first command.
Question
Is there a way that I can execute an online script without having to save it to the local filesystem, whilst also not knowing what program to execute it in beforehand? Perhaps there is a way to treat a url like a file which would allow me to do something like:
. http://scripts.programster.org/scripts/1?output=raw

A: Aside of security matters, I hope you do realise the risks of running external scripts, this can be done by combination of wget and source (dot) command
. <(wget -q -O- http://scripts.programster.org/scripts/1?output=raw)
That means sourcing the script text into current shell
wget -O- makes download ot STDOUT, -q makes it quiet (free from messages)
<(any command) is process substituion that allows interpret the output as a file
P.S. curl - equivalent forwget -q -O- is  curl -s -o-
UPDATE
The above examples will sitll  not make use of she-bang of the external script, but will run in the context of the calling shell. To make use of the she-bang line, one have to save the file, make executable, and only then run.
You can use mktemp which will guarantee unuque names, then you'll have take care of removing temporary files. This can be combined in a wrapper that would take the external url as  paramter
Here's a working sample code for that kind of wrapper
#/bin/bash
exturl=${1?"No external url specified"}
tmpexe=$(mktemp)
trap 'rm $tmpexe' EXIT
curl -s $exturl  -o $tmpexe
chmod 0755 $tmpexe
$tmpexe

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Recognising the importance of partnerships, Adara has established relationships with a few key in-kind partners whose support is hugely beneficial.
We are keen to talk to businesses, corporations, foundations and individuals who would like to explore the opportunity of partnership with Adara. Please contact us.
The Deloitte Adara Ambassador programme provides the Adara Group with a year-long secondment of a high performing Chartered Accountant from the Deloitte A&A group to use their corporate skills to effect social change.
Deloitte benefits from this partnership by providing an opportunity for a talented member of their team to gain both corporate and non-profit skills whilst staying under Deloitte's umbrella. The personal and professional development the Deloitte Adara Ambassador receives while on secondment ultimately benefits the firm when they return. We cannot thank Deloitte enough for their support. They truly are an organisation prepared to put substantial resources into doing the right thing for their staff, and for people in need.
Minter Ellison is one of the largest Australian-based corporate law firms. It is an organisation with a genuine commitment to creating social change through its many pro bono programmes. In 2014, Minter Ellison partnered with Adara to create the Minter Ellison Ambassador programme, which provides the Adara Group with a top-tier lawyer on secondment for six to nine months of each year. The Minter Ellison Ambassador works in our Sydney office alongside Susan Burns, our wonderful General Counsel. They work on both the non-profit and the business sides of Adara, and have the opportunity to travel to project site in either Nepal or Uganda.
Minter Ellison has also provided us with generous pro bono legal advice from a range of specialists at the firm. With so many different entities, our legal and compliance issues are complex. Working with a top-tier firm such as Minter Ellison has made a big difference to our operations, and it has provided firsthand specialised experience in a business for purpose and not-for-profit for their lawyers. We cannot thank Minter Ellison enough for its support.
Macquarie University internship programme - every semester, Macquarie University provide Adara Development (Australia) with an intern for three months who works with the communications and partnerships team. This programme has been running since September 2009 and we are very grateful for this support.
We also have a long standing partnership with the Seattle Children's Hospital and the University of Washington. Expert neonatologists visit projects in Uganda to provide skills training to then intensive care unit (NICU) staff. In addition, data from the NICU at Kiwoko Hospital has been collected for the last four years and is in the process of being analysed. The analyses from this data will provide us with critical information for the future direction of our operations in Uganda.


Recent research has stressed the importance of Vitamin D for our health. Vitamin D deficiency is widespread and becoming better understood. Many people are investing in high quality Vitamin D supplements, especially when the season changed into shorter and colder days.
A different study shows vitamin K2 significantly increases osteocalcin concentrations in postmenopausal women and is effective in preventing bone loss!
Collagen prevents bones from becoming brittle, thereby, making your bones strong!


Not to be confused with Dance/Electronic Songs.
Dance/Electronic Singles Sales (previously known as Hot Dance Singles Sales and Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales) was a chart released weekly by Billboard magazine in the United States, established in 1985. It measured the sale of commercially released singles that deal with dance music and remixes.
The Hot Dance Singles Sales once included non-dance songs and singles without dance remixes if they were released as maxi singles, including singles by such artists as the Industrial metal band Ministry and alternative rock band The Smiths. It was felt that this rule misled the chart's purpose of measuring the sales of dance music, and thus non-dance/non-remix maxi singles have more recently been excluded from this chart. As a result, although many non-dance acts release singles today in the maxi single format, they are not included in this chart unless the single includes dance remixes.
At first when the chart was introduced, it had a 50-song chart position. By 2001, it was reduced to 25 and after the introduction of the Dance Airplay Chart in 2003 was reduced even further to its current 10-song chart position. They were also featured alongside the Dance Club Play Chart in the print edition of Billboard until 2003, when it became online only through Billboard.biz. On January 17, 2013, Billboard added a new chart, Dance/Electronic Songs, which tracks the 50 most popular Dance and Electronic singles and tracks based on club play, single sales, radio airplay, digital downloads, and online streaming as reported on the Dance Club Songs, Dance/Mix Show Airplay, Dance Single Sales, and Dance/Electronic Digital Songs component charts.
Billboard discontinued the chart after 2013, as it was incorporated into the Dance/Electronic Songs chart and due to the decreasing number of vinyl sales.
This page was last edited on 28 March 2018, at 13:12 (UTC).


Nagelberg Bernard Law Group provides personal injury legal services across the State of California and nationwide through a network of experienced personal injury attorneys.
Call us today at 1-800-250-7960, and do not delay.
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text:
154 F. 3d 1107 - Nos 96-56426 96-56433
154 F3d 1107 Nos 96-56426 96-56433
1998 Copr.L.Dec. P 27,820, 48 U.S.P.Q.2d 1026,
98 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 7130,
98 Daily Journal D.A.R. 9859
MICRO STAR, Plaintiff-Appellant,
FORMGEN INC., a corporation; GT Interactive Software Corp.;
3D Realms Entertainment, aka 3D Realms
Entertainment; DOES, 1 through 100,
inclusive., Defendants-Appellees.
MICRO STAR, Plaintiff-Appellant/Cross-Appellee,
inclusive., Defendants-Appellees/Cross-Appellants.
Nos. 96-56426, 96-56433.
Argued and Submitted Nov. 4, 1997.
Decided Sept. 11, 1998.
Philip H. Stillman, Flynn, Sheridan, Tabb & Stillman, San Diego, CA, for plaintiff-appellant/cross-appellee.
Michael S. Oberman, Kramer, Levin, Naftalis & Frankel, New York City, for defendants-appellees/cross-appellants.
Mark E. Nebergall, Mark Traphagen, Software Publishers Association, Washington, DC, for defendants-appellees/cross-appellants.
Gail E. Markels, Interactive Digital Software Association, New York City, for defendants-appellees/cross-appellants.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of California Marilyn L. Huff, District Judge, Presiding. D.C. No. CV-96-03435-MLH.
Before: KOZINSKI, THOMPSON* and TROTT, Circuit Judges.
KOZINSKI, Circuit Judge.
Duke Nukem routinely vanquishes Octabrain and the Protozoid Slimer. But what about the dreaded Micro Star?
* FormGen Inc., GT Interactive Software Corp. and Apogee Software, Ltd. (collectively FormGen) made, distributed and own the rights to Duke Nukem 3D (D/N-3D), an immensely popular (and very cool) computer game. D/N-3D is played from the first-person perspective; the player assumes the personality and point of view of the title character, who is seen on the screen only as a pair of hands and an occasional boot, much as one might see oneself in real life without the aid of a mirror.1 Players explore a futuristic city infested with evil aliens and other hazards. The goal is to zap them before they zap you, while searching for the hidden passage to the next level. The basic game comes with twenty-nine levels, each with a different combination of scenery, aliens, and other challenges. The game also includes a "Build Editor," a utility that enables players to create their own levels. With FormGen's encouragement, players frequently post levels they have created on the Internet where others can download them. Micro Star, a computer software distributor, did just that: It downloaded 300 user-created levels and stamped them onto a CD, which it then sold commercially as Nuke It (N/I). N/I is packaged in a box decorated with numerous "screen shots," pictures of what the new levels look like when played.
Micro Star filed suit in district court, seeking a declaratory judgment that N/I did not infringe on any of FormGen's copyrights. FormGen counterclaimed, seeking a preliminary injunction barring further production and distribution of N/I. Relying on Lewis Galoob Toys, Inc. v. Nintendo of Am., Inc., 964 F.2d 965 (9th Cir.1992), the district court held that N/I was not a derivative work and therefore did not infringe FormGen's copyright. The district court did, however, grant a preliminary injunction as to the screen shots, finding that N/I's packaging violated FormGen's copyright by reproducing pictures of D/N-3D characters without a license. The court rejected Micro Star's fair use claims. Both sides appeal their losses.
A party seeking a preliminary injunction must show "either a likelihood of success on the merits and the possibility of irreparable injury, or that serious questions going to the merits were raised and the balance of hardships tips sharply in its favor." Johnson Controls, Inc. v. Phoenix Control Systems, Inc., 886 F.2d 1173, 1174 (9th Cir.1989). Because "in a copyright infringement claim, a showing of a reasonable likelihood of success on the merits raises a presumption of irreparable harm," id., FormGen need only show a likelihood of success on the merits to get the preliminary injunction it seeks (barring the manufacture and distribution of N/I) and to preserve the preliminary injunction it already won (barring the screen shots on N/I's packaging).
To succeed on the merits of its claim that N/I infringes FormGen's copyright, FormGen must show (1) ownership of the copyright to D/N-3D, and (2) copying of protected expression by Micro Star. See Triad Systems Corp. v. Southeastern Express Co., 64 F.3d 1330, 1335 (9th Cir.1995). FormGen's copyright registration creates a presumption of ownership, see id., and we are satisfied that FormGen has established its ownership of the copyright. We therefore focus on the latter issue.
FormGen alleges that its copyright is infringed by Micro Star's unauthorized commercial exploitation of user-created game levels. In order to understand FormGen's claims, one must first understand the way D/N-3D works. The game consists of three separate components: the game engine, the source art library and the MAP files.2 The game engine is the heart of the computer program; in some sense, it is the program. It tells the computer when to read data, save and load games, play sounds and project images onto the screen. In order to create the audiovisual display for a particular level, the game engine invokes the MAP file that corresponds to that level. Each MAP file contains a series of instructions that tell the game engine (and, through it, the computer) what to put where. For instance, the MAP file might say scuba gear goes at the bottom of the screen. The game engine then goes to the source art library, finds the image of the scuba gear, and puts it in just the right place on the screen.3 The MAP file describes the level in painstaking detail, but it does not actually contain any of the copyrighted art itself; everything that appears on the screen actually comes from the art library. Think of the game's audiovisual display as a paint-by-numbers kit. The MAP file might tell you to put blue paint in section number 565, but it doesn't contain any blue paint itself; the blue paint comes from your palette, which is the low-tech analog of the art library, while you play the role of the game engine. When the player selects one of the N/I levels, the game engine references the N/I MAP files, but still uses the D/N-3D art library to generate the images that make up that level.
FormGen points out that a copyright holder enjoys the exclusive right to prepare derivative works based on D/N-3D. See 17 U.S.C. § 106(2) (1994). According to FormGen, the audiovisual displays generated when D/N-3D is run in conjunction with the N/I CD MAP files are derivative works that infringe this exclusivity. Is FormGen right? The answer is not obvious.
The Copyright Act defines a derivative work as
a work based upon one or more preexisting works, such as a translation, musical arrangement, dramatization, fictionalization, motion picture version, sound recording, art reproduction, abridgment, condensation, or any other form in which a work may be recast, transformed, or adapted. A work consisting of editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications which, as a whole, represent an original work of authorship, is a "derivative work."
Id. § 101. The statutory language is hopelessly overbroad, however, for "[e]very book in literature, science and art, borrows and must necessarily borrow, and use much which was well known and used before." Emerson v. Davies, 8 F. Cas. 615, 619 (C.C.D.Mass.1845) (No. 4436), quoted in 1 Nimmer on Copyright, § 3.01, at 3-2 (1997). To narrow the statute to a manageable level, we have developed certain criteria a work must satisfy in order to qualify as a derivative work. One of these is that a derivative work must exist in a "concrete or permanent form," Galoob, 964 F.2d at 967 (internal quotation marks omitted), and must substantially incorporate protected material from the preexisting work, see Litchfield v. Spielberg, 736 F.2d 1352, 1357 (9th Cir.1984). Micro Star argues that N/I is not a derivative work because the audiovisual displays generated when D/N-3D is run with N/I's MAP files are not incorporated in any concrete or permanent form, and the MAP files do not copy any of D/N-3D's protected expression. It is mistaken on both counts.
The requirement that a derivative work must assume a concrete or permanent form was recognized without much discussion in Galoob. There, we noted that all the Copyright Act's examples of derivative works took some definite, physical form and concluded that this was a requirement of the Act. See Galoob, 964 F.2d at 967-68; see also Edward G. Black & Michael H. Page, Add-On Infringements, 15 Hastings Comm/Ent. L.J. 615, 625 (1993) (noting that in Galoob the Ninth Circuit "re-examined the statutory definition of derivative works offered in section 101 and found an independent fixation requirement of sorts built into the statutory definition of derivative works"). Obviously, N/I's MAP files themselves exist in a concrete or permanent form; they are burned onto a CD-ROM. See ProCD, Inc. v. Zeidenberg, 86 F.3d 1447, 1453 (7th Cir.1996) (computer files on a CD are fixed in a tangible medium of expression). But what about the audiovisual displays generated when D/N-3D runs the N/I MAP files--i.e., the actual game level as displayed on the screen? Micro Star argues that, because the audiovisual displays in Galoob didn't meet the "concrete or permanent form" requirement, neither do N/I's.
In Galoob, we considered audiovisual displays created using a device called the Game Genie, which was sold for use with the Nintendo Entertainment System. The Game Genie allowed players to alter individual features of a game, such as a character's strength or speed, by selectively "blocking the value for a single data byte sent by the game cartridge to the [Nintendo console] and replacing it with a new value." Galoob, 964 F.2d at 967. Players chose which data value to replace by entering a code; over a billion different codes were possible. The Game Genie was dumb; it functioned only as a window into the computer program, allowing players to temporarily modify individual aspects of the game. See Lewis Galoob Toys, Inc. v. Nintendo of Am., Inc., 780 F.Supp. 1283, 1289 (N.D.Cal.1991).
Nintendo sued, claiming that when the Game Genie modified the game system's audiovisual display, it created an infringing derivative work. We rejected this claim because "[a] derivative work must incorporate a protected work in some concrete or permanent form." Galoob, 964 F.2d at 967 (internal quotation marks omitted). The audiovisual displays generated by combining the Nintendo System with the Game Genie were not incorporated in any permanent form; when the game was over, they were gone. Of course, they could be reconstructed, but only if the next player chose to reenter the same codes.4
Micro Star argues that the MAP files on N/I are a more advanced version of the Game Genie, replacing old values (the MAP files in the original game) with new values (N/I's MAP files). But, whereas the audiovisual displays created by Game Genie were never recorded in any permanent form, the audiovisual displays generated by D/N-3D from the N/I MAP files are in the MAP files themselves. In Galoob, the audiovisual display was defined by the original game cartridge, not by the Game Genie; no one could possibly say that the data values inserted by the Game Genie described the audiovisual display. In the present case the audiovisual display that appears on the computer monitor when a N/I level is played is described--in exact detail--by a N/I MAP file.
This raises the interesting question whether an exact, down to the last detail, description of an audiovisual display (and--by definition--we know that MAP files do describe audiovisual displays down to the last detail) counts as a permanent or concrete form for purposes of Galoob. We see no reason it shouldn't. What, after all, does sheet music do but describe in precise detail the way a copyrighted melody sounds? See 1 William F. Patry, Copyright Law and Practice 168 (1994) ("[A] musical composition may be embodied in sheet music...."). To be copyrighted, pantomimes and dances may be "described in sufficient detail to enable the work to be performed from that description." Id. at 243 (citing Compendium II of Copyright Office Practices § 463); see also Horgan v. Macmillan, Inc., 789 F.2d 157, 160 (2d Cir.1986). Similarly, the N/I MAP files describe the audiovisual display that is to be generated when the player chooses to play D/N-3D using the N/I levels. Because the audiovisual displays assume a concrete or permanent form in the MAP files, Galoob stands as no bar to finding that they are derivative works.
In addition, "[a] work will be considered a derivative work only if it would be considered an infringing work if the material which it has derived from a preexisting work had been taken without the consent of a copyright proprietor of such preexisting work." Mirage Editions v. Albuquerque A.R.T. Co., 856 F.2d 1341, 1343 (quoting 1 Nimmer on Copyright § 3.01 (1986)) (internal quotation marks omitted). "To prove infringement, [FormGen] must show that [D/N-3D's and N/I's audiovisual displays] are substantially similar in both ideas and expression." Litchfield v. Spielberg, 736 F.2d 1352, 1356 (9th Cir.1984) (emphasis omitted). Similarity of ideas may be shown by comparing the objective details of the works: plot, theme, dialogue, mood, setting, characters, etc. See id. Similarity of expression focuses on the response of the ordinary reasonable person, and considers the total concept and feel of the works. See id. at 1356-57. FormGen will doubtless succeed in making these showings since the audiovisual displays generated when the player chooses the N/I levels come entirely out of D/N-3D's source art library. Cf. Atari, Inc. v. North Am. Philips Consumer Elec. Corp., 672 F.2d 607, 620 (7th Cir.1982) (finding two video games substantially similar because they shared the same "total concept and feel").
Micro Star further argues that the MAP files are not derivative works because they do not, in fact, incorporate any of D/N-3D's protected expression. In particular, Micro Star makes much of the fact that the N/I MAP files reference the source art library, but do not actually contain any art files themselves. Therefore, it claims, nothing of D/N-3D's is reproduced in the MAP files. In making this argument, Micro Star misconstrues the protected work. The work that Micro Star infringes is the D/N-3D story itself--a beefy commando type named Duke who wanders around post-Apocalypse Los Angeles, shooting Pig Cops with a gun, lobbing hand grenades, searching for medkits and steroids, using a jetpack to leap over obstacles, blowing up gas tanks, avoiding radioactive slime. A copyright owner holds the right to create sequels, see Trust Co. Bank v. MGM/UA Entertainment Co., 772 F.2d 740 (11th Cir.1985), and the stories told in the N/I MAP files are surely sequels, telling new (though somewhat repetitive) tales of Duke's fabulous adventures. A book about Duke Nukem would infringe for the same reason, even if it contained no pictures.5
Micro Star nonetheless claims that its use of D/N-3D's protected expression falls within the doctrine of fair use, which permits unauthorized use of copyrighted works "for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research." 17 U.S.C. § 107; see Narell v. Freeman, 872 F.2d 907, 913 (9th Cir.1989). Section 107 instructs courts "determining whether the use made of a work in any particular case is a fair use" to consider four factors: (1) the purpose and character of the use, including whether it is commercial in nature; (2) the nature of the copyrighted work; (3) the amount and substantiality of the copied material in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and (4) the effect of the use on the potential market for the copyrighted work. 17 U.S.C. § 107.
As a preliminary matter, Micro Star asks us to focus on the player's use of the N/I CD in evaluating the fair use claim, because-according to Micro Star-the player actually creates the derivative work. In Galoob, after we assumed for purposes of argument that the Game Genie did create derivative works, we went on to consider the fair use defense from the player's point of view. See Galoob, 964 F.2d at 970. But the fair use analysis in Galoob was not necessary and therefore is clearly dicta. More significantly, Nintendo alleged only contributory infringement--that Galoob was helping consumers create derivative works; FormGen here alleges direct infringement by Micro Star, because the MAP files encompass new Duke stories, which are themselves derivative works.
Our examination of the section 107 factors yields straightforward results. Micro Star's use of FormGen's protected expression was made purely for financial gain. While that does not end our inquiry, see Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc., 510 U.S. 569, 584, 114 S.Ct. 1164, 127 L.Ed.2d 500 (1994), "every commercial use of copyrighted material is presumptively an unfair exploitation of the monopoly privilege that belongs to the owner of the copyright." Sony Corp. of Am. v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 464 U.S. 417, 451, 104 S.Ct. 774, 78 L.Ed.2d 574 (1984).6 The Supreme Court has explained that the second factor, the nature of the copyrighted work, is particularly significant because "some works are closer to the core of intended copyright protection than others, with the consequence that fair use is more difficult to establish when the former works are copied." Campbell, 510 U.S. at 586, 114 S.Ct. 1164. The fair use defense will be much less likely to succeed when it is applied to fiction or fantasy creations, as opposed to factual works such as telephone listings. See United Tel. Co. v. Johnson Publ'g Co., 855 F.2d 604, 609 (8th Cir.1988); see also Stewart v. Abend, 495 U.S. 207, 237, 110 S.Ct. 1750, 109 L.Ed.2d 184 (1990). Duke Nukem's world is made up of aliens, radioactive slime and freezer weapons-clearly fantasies, even by Los Angeles standards. N/I MAP files "expressly use[ ] the [D/N-3D] story's unique setting, characters, [and] plot," Stewart, 495 U.S. at 238, 110 S.Ct. 1750; both the quantity and importance of the material Micro Star used are substantial. Finally, by selling N/I, Micro Star "impinged on [FormGen's] ability to market new versions of the [D/N-3D] story." Stewart, 495 U.S. at 238, 110 S.Ct. 1750; see also Twin Peaks Productions, Inc. v. Publications Int'l, Ltd., 996 F.2d 1366, 1377 (2d Cir.1993). Only FormGen has the right to enter that market; whether it chooses to do so is entirely its business. "[N/I] neither falls into any of the categories enumerated in section 107 nor meets the four criteria set forth in section 107." Stewart, 495 U.S. at 237, 110 S.Ct. 1750. It is not protected by fair use.
Micro Star also argues that it is the beneficiary of the implicit license FormGen gave to its customers by authorizing them to create new levels. Section 204 of the Copyright Act requires the transfer of the exclusive rights granted to copyright owners (including the right to prepare derivative works) to be in writing. See 17 U.S.C. § 204(a); Effects Assocs., Inc. v. Cohen, 908 F.2d 555, 556 (9th Cir.1990). A nonexclusive license may, however, be granted orally or implied by conduct. See Effects, 908 F.2d at 558. Nothing indicates that FormGen granted Micro Star any written license at all; nor is there evidence of a nonexclusive oral license. The only written license FormGen conceivably granted was to players who designed their own new levels, but that license contains a significant limitation: Any new levels the players create "must be offered [to others] solely for free." The parties dispute whether the license is binding, but it doesn't matter. If the license is valid, it clearly prohibits commercial distribution of levels; if it doesn't, FormGen hasn't granted any written licenses at all.7
In case FormGen didn't license away its rights, Micro Star argues that, by providing the Build Editor and encouraging players to create their own levels, FormGen abandoned all rights to its protected expression. It is well settled that rights gained under the Copyright Act may be abandoned. But abandonment of a right must be manifested by some overt act indicating an intention to abandon that right. See Hampton v. Paramount Pictures Corp., 279 F.2d 100, 104 (9th Cir.1960). Given that it overtly encouraged players to make and freely distribute new levels, FormGen may indeed have abandoned its exclusive right to do the same. But abandoning some rights is not the same as abandoning all rights, and FormGen never overtly abandoned its rights to profit commercially from new levels. Indeed, FormGen warned players not to distribute the levels commercially and has actively enforced that limitation by bringing suits such as this one.
Because FormGen will likely succeed at trial in proving that Micro Star has infringed its copyright, we reverse the district court's order denying a preliminary injunction and remand for entry of such an injunction. Of course, we affirm the grant of the preliminary injunction barring Micro Star from selling N/I in boxes covered with screen shots of the game.8
AFFIRMED in part, REVERSED in part, and REMANDED. Micro Star to bear costs of both appeals.
Judge Thompson was drawn to replace Judge Floyd Gibson who became unavailable after the case was submitted
This form of play was pioneered by a company called id Software with its classic Wolfenstein 3D character
So-called because the files all end with the extension ".MAP". Also, no doubt, because they contain the layout for the various levels
Actually, this is all a bit metaphorical. Computer programs don't actually go anywhere or fetch anything. Rather, the game engine receives the player's instruction as to which game level to select and instructs the processor to access the MAP file corresponding to that level. The MAP file, in turn, consists of a series of instructions indicating which art images go where. When the MAP file calls for a particular art image, the game engine tells the processor to access the art library for instructions on how each pixel on the screen must be colored in order to paint that image
A low-tech example might aid understanding. Imagine a product called the Pink Screener, which consists of a big piece of pink cellophane stretched over a frame. When put in front of a television, it makes everything on the screen look pinker. Someone who manages to record the programs with this pink cast (maybe by filming the screen) would have created an infringing derivative work. But the audiovisual display observed by a person watching television through the Pink Screener is not a derivative work because it does not incorporate the modified image in any permanent or concrete form. The Game Genie might be described as a fancy Pink Screener for video games, changing a value of the game as perceived by the current player, but never incorporating the new audiovisual display into a permanent or concrete form
We note that the N/I MAP files can only be used with D/N-3D. If another game could use the MAP files to tell the story of a mousy fellow who travels through a beige maze, killing vicious saltshakers with paper-clips, then the MAP files would not incorporate the protected expression of D/N-3D because they would not be telling a D/N-3D story
Of course, transformative works have greater recourse to the fair use defense as they "lie at the heart of the fair use doctrine's guarantee of breathing space within the confines of copyright ... and the more transformative the new work, the less will be the significance of other factors, like commercialism, that may weigh against a finding of fair use." Campbell, 510 U.S. at 579, 114 S.Ct. 1164 (citations omitted). N/I can hardly be described as transformative; anything but
We would have no reason to sever the limitation from the license; the limitation is plainly stated in the User License, unambiguous, and not the least bit unreasonable. Indeed, it is precisely the sort of term we would expect to see in such a license
Micro Star raises various other claims alleging copyright misuse and abuse of the discovery process. However, nothing indicates that FormGen abused its copyright. See Triad Systems Corp. v. Southeastern Express Co., 64 F.3d 1330, 1337 (9th Cir.1995). And we are at a loss to understand why Micro Star complains about the discovery process; certainly the district court did not abuse its discretion. See Sopcak v. Northern Mountain Helicopter Serv., 52 F.3d 817, 819 (9th Cir.1995)


Yailin, Michael, and I were introduced one morning at the Panera Bread near Dadeland. We, along with Cely of Cely's Events, began to discuss #alltheoptions for invitation suites. One thing that was clear was that Yailin knew exactly what she wanted. She knew the look, the colors and font styles she was envisioning from the get go. She was also very clear of what her vision was for their wedding day paper goods. Detail after detail, it became clear that their invitation was going to be memorable and timeless.
The mixture of white, cream, gold, and sage elements really made for a beautiful full suite design. And let's gush over their custom copper wax seal, shall we? 😍 #allthehearteyes But instead of me telling you more about their big day, I'll let Yailin do the talking.
Did your stationery design reflect what your wedding looked and felt like?
"Yes it did, the stationery was beautiful, simple and elegant just like me. LoL The stationery made my wedding more romantic and elegant."
"From the bridal shower invitations down to the wedding vows book, and the guest list mirror, wow, you really knew what I wanted and liked. You executed my thoughts so perfectly (if that makes sense), it was like you were reading my mind. The wedding invitations were stunning and every little detail was perfect."
What did your big day feel like?
"My big day was like a fairy tale. It was more than I expected and envisioned. I wanted a Twilight kind of wedding and I got it. The place it self is beautiful and romantic, but I feel like we made it even more beautiful. My wedding felt like us. I put every effort, time and every detail and it really showed that day. I was very emotional. I have dreamt of my wedding day since I was little and I am very grateful for all the people and vendors who made my dreams come true."
Do you have any advice for future brides in what to look for in a stationer?
"Yes, my advice to future brides is have a clear picture of what they want so that everything will come together and even if they think they don't need it, trust me you do. The Stationer is a crucial part on a wedding. A wedding invitation will tell the guest exactly how your wedding will be and every details matters. At the end, you want your wedding to be perfect."
Is there any additional advice you would like to share?
"My advice to all the future brides is to enjoy the process of planning a wedding and to get vendors that will go above and beyond for you, not just because you are paying them but because they love their jobs. That will reflect in their work. Also, enjoy your day and take a moment to reflect and take a mental picture of all the people together that came to celebrate love."
Melissa and I met each other a few years ago when she posted on Facebook that she was looking for cowriters for her blog, Picturing Disney. As time went on, we became friends and have shared some of the best and the worst life has thrown at us. And want to know something funny - Melissa and I have never met in person. Needless to say that the day Melissa announced that she and her awesome beau, Jason, were getting hitched was met with endless congratulations and brainstorming about how I could assist her with her big day.
Before we worked on anything for her big day, we worked together on a design for both her Engagement Announcement and her housewarming party. When it came time to start working on her invitation for her big day, Melissa wanted to take a little bit of a slightly different direction. She wanted to share a little bit of a more rustic vibe with a little bit of modern convenience.
Melissa + Jason's invitation was constructed with a tear away RSVP. That RSVP was a post card that only required a stamp to send out.
Needless to say that her big day was out of a fairytale, rustic dream. Here are some detail shots of her big day and some insight directly from Melissa herself.
"It was perfect. It was worth everything I went through before that. It was worth everything Jason went through before that. It was a fairy tale. It was crazy, and had its disorganizations and snafus, but our family and our friends and the people we surround ourselves with are the kind to laugh it off with us and move on. Our cups runneth over from start to finish, with love (and wine)!"
"My mother made our wedding cake and all of the book bouquets, she did it because she is wonderful and used to bake as a side hustle for a while. The books featured in the bouquets were: Bride - The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe, Bridesmaids - MacBeth, Pride & Prejudice, A Child Called It, Mists of Avalon, Everything Everything, Alice in Wonderland, The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh."
What is the best memory from your big day?
"The knot tying ceremony with my entire family (Jay and the Kids) at the ceremony, and our first dance (When I Am Married by Wilder Adkins, performed by the Squids whose lead singer happens to be my Uncle."
"Be honest with yourself and be fair to the stationer. I think some people expect miracles or have no idea what they want and then blame other people when things do not come out perfect. We had a vision and we had complete faith in Monique to bring that vision to fruition."
"Absolutely, 100% from start to finish. I used to much chalkboard (painted with white acrylic paint rather than chalk) for decorations, similar to our initial announcement and Engagement/Housewarming invite, and mimicked the font on the Invites for a lot of the stuff I created. I also think the kraft paper was perfect for our romantic-rustic vibe."
"Life is short and when you meet the right person you know it. If you don't know it in your soul. Don't settle, don't waste your time or your hustle on anything less than big love that shines in your eyes brighter than any constellation in the night sky. The person who makes your foot pop, heart skip a beat, and rights all your wrongs is out there for you. When you find them, don't let go, just be brave, smile, say 'hello', swipe right."


Before looking into the advantages and disadvantages of aerated concrete, we need to mention that aerated concrete can be of the two types: non-autoclave and autoclave hardening. Let's look through the difference between autoclave and non-autoclave aerated concrete.
Non-autoclave aerated concrete hardens under standard conditions (in thermal treatment chambers). Such manufacturing technology ensures minimum expenses on equipment and electricity.
The raw materials for manufacturing are: cement, mineral aggregate (sand, fly ash, dolomite powder), water, gas-forming agent (based on aluminum powder), and modifying additives.
Autoclave concrete results from hardening aerated concrete in autoclaves at the temperatures ranging 120 and 200оС and at the pressure of P=1.4 MPa The raw materials for manufacturing aerated concrete are: lime, cement, mineral aggregate, water, foam-forming agent (based on aluminum powder), and modifying additives. Thanks to lime, the quantity of cement used is lower, so, the cot of raw materials for manufacturing autoclave aerated concrete is lower than that of the non-autoclave one. Autoclave hardening ensures better strength for aerated concrete if compared to the non-autoclave one.
1.Economical efficiency of construction. The low cost of materials, as well as the large dimensions of blocks which have less weight ensure construction cost reduction.
2.Low density, low thermal conductivity. Aerated concrete blocks have the density between 400 and 800 kg per cu.m and the thermal conductivity coefficient ranging between 0.1 and 0.21 W/(m*оС), that is why they are light and warm.
3.Good acoustic protection. Thanks to its porous structure, aerated concrete ensures soundproofing 10 times better than a brick wall of the same thickness.
4.Fire safety. Aerated concrete is a non-combustible, fire-resistant material, has the first class of fire-resistance, which exceeds the one of ordinary concrete.
5.Vapor permeability. Thanks to its porous structure, aerated concrete has good vapor permeability. The vapor permeability coefficient is between 0.23 and 0.4 mg/(m*h*Pa).The houses made of aerated concrete "breathe", and the microclimate inside is comfortable.
6.Environmental friendliness. Aerated concrete contains natural, environmentally clean ingredients. The material does not release any harmful substances, does not age and is not prone to decompose. The background radiation is 9 to 11 µR/h. For reference: the average background radiation in Moscow is 13 to 15 µR/h.
Very expensive equipment is required for manufacturing autoclave aerated concrete, as well as high power consumption and large production facilities. That is why low-volume production of blocks is not economically advantageous. This is the key disadvantage of autoclave aerated concrete. In this case, manufacturing non-autoclave aerated concrete seems more attractive for small business.
Autoclave aerated concrete has another disadvantage - due to high water absorption, it is required to eliminate environmental impact on the material, i.e. Cover autoclave aerated concrete with plaster, decorative facades, etc.


Hampton Hawes [1928–1977] was one of jazz's greatest pianists. Among his peers from California the self-taught Hawes was second only to Oscar Peterson. At the time of his celebration as New Star of the Year by downbeat magazine (1956), Hawes was already struggling with a heroin addiction that would lead to his arrest and imprisonment, and the interruption of a brilliant career. In 1963 President John F. Kennedy granted Hawes an Executive Pardon. In eloquent and humorous language Hampton Hawes tells of a life of suffering and redemption that reads like an improbable novel. Gary Giddins has called it "a major contribution to the literature of jazz." This book includes a complete discography and eight pages of photographs.


SC admits a petition seeking an FIR against Mayawati in a DA case. Does she have to worry?
Just a year ahead of Assembly polls in Uttar Pradesh, a disproportionate assets case against former Chief Minister Mayawati is on the verge of being re-opened. The Supreme Court has admitted a petition that seeks registration of a fresh FIR against the BSP supremo in the same case. The petition was filed by Kamlesh Verma, whom Mayawati's lawyer identified as a former BSP-member.
The court went ahead with agreeing to hear the petition even as the Centre opposed the demand. Attorney General Mukul Rohatgi said there was no need for a fresh FIR as Mayawati had already been given a clean chit. However, the court said there was nothing wrong in assessing whether there was any substance in the plea.
What was the DA case?
The CBI registered the case against Mayawati in October 2003. The case pertained to her income between 1 April, 1995 and August 29, 2003, a period in which she was an MLA, an MP as well as UP Chief Minister, at different points of time. Her income during the period was reportedly calculated to be Rs. 1.12 crores but her income-tax returns from 1997-98 till 2002-03 showed it to be Rs. 88.70 lakhs, over 23 lakhs less.
According to the FIR filed in the case, Mayawati had assets worth Rs 1.38 crore and a little over Rs. 2.50 crores in bank accounts. She and her family also owned immovable assets worth Rs. 1.80 crore, whose beneficiaries included her father, brothers and sister-in-law. Their bank accounts and fixed deposits ran up to Rs. 2.39 crore.
How did it come to light?
The CBI took it up even as it was already investigating the Taj corridor case against Mayawati, on the directions of the Supreme Court given in September 2003. The Taj corridor case pertained to allegations that the UP government under Mayawati had spent Rs 74 crore on a non-existent project to beautify areas and upgrade tourist facilities near the Taj Mahal.
In 2007, the CBI filed its charge-sheet in the case in a special CBI court in Lucknow, which stated that against Mayawati and 3 others had siphoned off Rs 175 crore under the pretext of the corridor.
What happened to both cases?
In 2007, then UP Governor T V Rajeshwar ruled that there wasn't sufficient evidence to prosecute Mayawati, after which the SC too refused to direct him to prosecute her. The case eventually died in 2012.
The top court quashed the FIR in the DA case as well in 2012, ruling that it had ordered CBI to investigate only the Taj corridor case and there was no order to pursue a separate DA case.
Earlier, Mayawati had appeared before the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal in 2007 and had shown some cash and assets as gifts from partymen. She said they were "given to her out of love and affection". The tribunal ruled in her favour and held that gifts worth Rs 65 lakh were indeed given to her by her supporters and were not taxable income.
Since the SC has agreed to hear the petition, the petitioner will present his arguments calling for a fresh FIR. Coming as it does at a juncture when all political parties are gearing up for next year's polls, the matter can acquire a political colour. BJP and SP, the parties in power both at the Centre and in the state, are not pushing for reigniting the case. The Centre has already opposed it in the apex court.


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TechnologyOculus may have finally created a VR headset for everyone
Virtual Reality is one of those technologies which keeps coming around and yet somehow until recently never really seemed to find its footing. The main reasons for this were the technology itself which just wasn't fluid enough to make for a really immersive experience, and the other major issue, its expensive, cumbersome and generally a pain to use.
A few years ago my company invested in an early version of the Oculus Rift, the DK2 to see what all the fuss was about and decide for ourselves whether this long wished for tech was going to become a reality or if it was just too impractical to ever be in mainstream use. After nearly 2 hours of fiddling with cables, drivers and setting up a developer account as well as figuring out where all the straps on the headpiece went we finally had the device up and running.
The first app we tried was the incredible Titans of Space which puts the user into a small pod like craft and lets you explore in wondrous detail the solar system, learning about planets and asteroid belts along the way. Combined with a slowly building sound track the experience was exhilarating and I must confess I was impressed, that is, until I took the headset off. Like many other people I felt dizzy and my eyes felt tired. The display on the two screens just wasn't crisp enough and didn't respond fast enough to prevent a feeling of nausea. The image was at times fuzzy and grainy but I still enjoyed trying it out.
Alien Isolation is terrifying in VR
Since then I've experimented with the developer kit about a dozen or so times and tried several other apps and even managed to get the really excellent yet underrated Alien Isolation to work (kind of) in Virtual Reality on the headset. Newer headsets have come along since then and the commercial version of the Oculus Rift is a major improvement on the prototype, but there does come the issue of price. It's expensive and it's still tethered to your PC, and speaking of PC's your rig needs to be fairly powerful to get any sort of usage which means more expense.
So, to date VR hasn't been for everyone, in fact it seems to have been relegated to developers and gamers who want to be on the forefront of the latest hardware, and there is a place for this. The only issue there is that if it's a niche market will there be enough games that support it? Will enough developers work on titles for VR? The big flurry of 3D titles we were all promised when the conversations about virtual reality kicked off again a few years ago have failed to materialize, and games which do support VR seem to mostly do it as an after thought.
At the opposite end of the spectrum, the mobile phone gurus thought, hey, my phone has an amazing little screen what can I do with that? Before long Google and Samsung among others were working on headsets that you could slide your phone into. These devices could be cheap, plastic or even cardboard as they didn't actually have any technology in them, the phone did all the work. The same problem arises that you need a decently powerful phone, but most people are more likely to update their phone regularly than their PC.
All of a sudden you could have small, light weight apps in 3D that could show someone what the inside of a McLaren F1 looked like while racing, or a tour guide could walk you through a house on sale in Beverly Hills all by slipping your phone into a headset and downloading the appropriate app. You didn't even need to buy the VR unit, you could even download a template to print your own. Surely everyone would be using these before long?
Sadly the novelty factor of these seems to be the main usage, with the exceptions being businesses who 'want to do something different' to showcase their products or service, but they still just haven't caught on. The most likely reason for this is because so many phones are different, some of the headsets a specifically for a certain brand and the space needed on the internal memory for a decent app is quite large. Whatever the reason the combination of the cheap unit and mobile phone just hasn't landed.
Yesterday, Oculus announced a new virtual reality headset that would sit squarely between these two extremes. A standalone device they're calling Oculus Go. What makes this version stand out is that, although its fairly in-expensive (you'll note I didn't say cheap) it operates without the need for it to be connected via a bundle of wires to your PC, and it doesn't need your phone. It is its own computer. Apps can be loaded and you can use it as a portable entertainment system complete with built-in audio without needing to be tethered to something else.
Why is this important you ask? Well as its own entity it will have one set of specs and one standard, rather than trying to work with multiple phones, and they can beef up the hardware as it doesn't need to have all that phone calls and texts stuff built into it. It can just be a VR headset. Not being tied to a gaming PC means you can actually take this with you and play games on the go, or sit in your living room where your PC might not ordinarily be.
Oculus are claiming to have around 1,000 VR games, social apps and 360° experiences ready for the Oculus Go and are working to create a standard that would mean developers could work on apps for this device at the same time as apps for the phone based VR. The other thing you'll also note very quickly is that it's a lot better looking than previous attempts. Yes you still have a big chunk of molded plastic strapped to your face, but they have tried to make it slightly less unappealing by covering it in fabric.
Facebook as an example are pushing to make VR a norm in people's lives and have set an ambitious target of 1 billion people using VR. I'm skeptical as to whether you'll get that level of uptake for what is mostly an entertainment device, but some may argue that very few saw the level of smart phone usage several years ago. I'm cautiously optimistic yet have one final thought. Facebook want to use virtual reality as a social tool with hangouts and tours in VR, but what about the rest of the people in the room with you?


Farkle is a simple dice game that has captured the attention and board-game-time of odds-hounds everywhere.To play Farkle, all you need are six dice and a pencil and paper. PATCH products, the makers of Farkle would be sad, however, if you did not buy their dice cup.
Choose a scorekeeper. It is their responsibility to keep track of everyone's score, so pick someone who can pay attention to detail and doesn't cheat at Monopoly. Each player rolls one die, with the highest roll going first. In the event of a tie, the players who tied for the highest roll roll again. Once the first player is decided, play continues to the left.
You cannot count any of your points until you reach at least 500 points in a single round. When you reach 500 points for the first time, you may choose to immediately end your turn to prevent losing the points.
On your turn, place all six dice into the dice cup and roll them. If a die falls out of the play area, re-roll it. Take out any dice worth points after each roll. This forms your running score for the round. Roll the remaining dice, removing any dice worth points and adding them to your running total. If you are ever able to set aside all six dice, you may re-roll all of your dice and keep building your running total. If ever you are unable to set aside any dice (no dice are worth points), you have Farkled. You lose your running point total and your turn is over.
Be the first player to meet or exceed 10,000 points to start the end game sequence. Each other player has one turn to try to beat your score. After all remaining players have had their turn, the player with the highest score wins.


The Museum provides school classes and kindergarten groups with an inspiring environment for learning and education. The encounter with extraordinary authentic works of art creates unforgettable experiences for children and opens up new worlds.
Children of all ages react open-mindedly and interested when they are confronted with works of art. During a visit in the Museum für Gegenwartskunst Siegen they are encouraged to discover the exhibitons within their guided group and on their own.
We offer several programs in combination with our exhibitions and the Collection. Each program guides you through the exhibitions and takes special account of the childrens' age. As a teacher you can, of course, also conduct your own guided tour.
Please announce your visit in any case to avoid scheduling conflicts.
School class at a guided tour with Andrea Freiberg, looking at paintings of Lucian Freud.
Admission fee as a school class: 1 Euro per student; 4.10 Euro per teacher; free admission with an annual school pass.
All schools have the opportunity of acquiring an annual school pass at a price of 130 Euro (75 Euro for elementary schools). With the annual school pass all students and teachers together as a class group receive free admission into the Museum.
Upon request, the Museum may open at 10 a.m. for school visits.
To register, to discuss a theme proposal, or to receive general information please call 0271-40577-10 between 9.00 a.m. and 2.00 p.m., or contact us at any time at info@mgk-siegen.de.