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Contributors DFM and NB wrote the majority of the manuscript. MK wrote the section on testosterone and made review comments and approved the final manuscript along with the attached figure. ContentLatest content Current issue Archive Browse by collection Most read articles Responses JournalAbout Editorial board Sign up for email alerts Subscribe Thank you to our reviewers AuthorsInstructions for authors Submit an article Editorial policies Open Access at BMJ BMJ Author Hub HelpContact us Reprints Permissions Advertising Feedback form Website Terms & Conditions Privacy & Cookies Contact BMJ Cookie Settings Copyright © 2022 The Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine. All rights reserved. Home Medicines A to Z Back to Medicines A to Z Other brand names: Aronix, Liberize, Nipatra, Revatio, Grandipam. Find out how sildenafil treats erection problems and pulmonary hypertension and how to take it. Ejaculation problems Erectile dysfunction (impotence) Priapism (painful erections) Pulmonary hypertension HealthUnlocked: sildenafil forum HealthUnlocked: viagra forum Relate (sex therapy): charity Sexual Advice Association: charity Home Medicines A to Z Sildenafil (Viagra) Back to Sildenafil (Viagra)
Sexual activity can put an extra strain on your heart, especially if your heart is already weak from a heart attack or heart disease. Ask your doctor if your heart is healthy enough to handle the extra strain of having sex. .
Erectile dysfunction is defined as the condition when men are unable to achieve an erection hard or long enough in order to have sexual intercourse, and is common in men over 40 and those with chronic stress and anxiety.
Erectile dysfunction is said to be psychological and this can be influenced by cases acquainted with the following:
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https://www.ouh.nhs.uk/patiena-guide/leaflets/files/29164Ppelvic.pdf Penile Blood Change After Oral Medication of Korean Red Ginseng in Erectile Dysfunction Patients. (2003).
The safety of VIAGRA is unknown in patients with bleeding disorders and patients with active peptic ulceration.
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Viagra (sildenafil) is usually the first-line therapy for erectile dysfunction in the United States and is available only on prescription. Although Viagra is the most effective medication for men with ED, some may not want to use it or cannot use it due to their side effects or the risk of reactions with other drugs they consume.
There was no impairment of fertility in rats given sildenafil up to 60 mg/kg/day for 36 days to females and 102 days to males, a dose producing an AUC value of more than 25 times the human male AUC.
Prescription ED medications are safe and effective ways for most men to treat ED. However, not all men want to take prescription medication, and some men cannot take PDE-5 medicine safely.
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A 2011 survey on recreational use of ED medications published in the journal Archives of Sexual Behavior included responses from 1,994 men attending 497 colleges across the country. Four percent of these men admitted to using ED drugs recreationally. A majority of the recreational users mixed ED drugs with illegal drugs and engaged in risky sexual behaviors. Recreational use was associated with substance abuse and a higher number of sex partners.
Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.
Thejuice extracted from ginger is a valuable aphrodisiac and beneficial in thetreatment of sexual weaknesses.
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It is one of the pleasant experience for the patients as it uses only sound vibration due to which it is a painless procedure.
The way Matthew Lucarelli saw it, elderly men might develop erectile dysfunction, or ED, but not a guy like himself, a 36-year-old lawyer who lives in Cheshire with his wife, Leah, and their young son.
Follow your doctor's instructions when taking ED medicine. Usually, a man takes 1 tablet 30 minutes to 1 hour before he plans to have sex. Sildenafil works for 4-8 hours; vardenafil works for up to 8 hours; and tadalafil works for up to 36 hours.
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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia/BPH, Erectile Dysfunction, General Urology, Kidney Stones, Male Infertility, Microsurgery, Microsurgical Vasectomy Reversal, UroLift, Vasectomy
Erectile dysfunction, also known as impotence or ED, is the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse. Almost all cases of erectile dysfunction are treatable, says Dr. Honig.
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Viagra, as a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), works to block certain naturally occurring enzymes in the body, causing blood vessels to relax and enhancing blood flow to the penis. Viagra does not automatically cause an erection; rather, it assists a man with ED in obtaining and keeping an erection when sexually aroused or stimulated.
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Espinosa says it can ease symptoms of exhaustion and ED. And it's less likely to leave you feeling wired than some other products. The side effects are minimal, he says, both in his experience and in the studies he's seen.
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If you have a blockage of one of the larger arteries supplying the area of the pelvis or penis then microsurgical reconstruction of the arteries or anangioplasty to re-establish erections may be indicated. The blockage in these situations normally follows traumatic injuries to the pelvis.
The mean profiles of the change from baseline in standing systolic blood pressure in subjects treated with doxazosin in combination with 50 mg VIAGRA or matching placebo are shown in Figure 3.
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Yale Medicine's Department of Urology has enrolled thousands of patients over the past 20 years in the penile injection program. "The treatment sounds scary, but we spend the time to teach patients the correct techniques so they and their partners are comfortable." Says Dr. Honig: "We try to involve the partner as much as possible. This relieves much anxiety for the patients and makes for a more personal touch for the couple."
The lifestyle of a patient can greatly affect the erectile capabilities of a man. Abuse of certain drugs. Usage of drugs that are not legal. Smoking. Overweight. Physically inactive. Excess consumption of alcohol.
L-arginine supplementation is possibly unsafe for men with blood pressure problems or men who have had a heart attack, allergies, or asthma.
The most common reasons to use sildenafil in the present study were to increase erectile sensation and penile rigidity. Similar reasons were reported in a study conducted in Argentina in which a desire to increase penile rigidity, coital frequency, erection duration and to prevent sexual failure were the common reasons for PDE5Is use (6).
Men appear more likely to get Covid-19 and far, far more likely to die from it. The Men's Health Forum are working hard pushing for more action on this from government, from health professionals and from all of us. Why are men more affected and what can we do about it? We need the data. We need the research. We need the action. Currently we're the only UK charity doing this - please help us. Contact (+44) 0330 097 0654 Email us Terms and Conditions Address The Men's Health Forum 7-14 Great Dover Street London, SE1 4YR
In the second study, a single oral dose of VIAGRA 50 mg or matching placebo was administered in a 2-period crossover design to 20 generally healthy males with BPH. Following at least 14 consecutive days of doxazosin, VIAGRA 50 mg or matching placebo was administered simultaneously with doxazosin 4 mg (17 subjects) or with doxazosin 8 mg (3 subjects). The mean subject age in this study was 63.9 years. !
Here are some home/natural remedies which can be considered as a healthy alternative to viagra.
For men searching for ED medication, there are many newer erectile dysfunction treatments (all prescription drugs) that help you get an erection firm enough to have sex, and most have few side effects.
Aside from it, Mondia whitei possess the same attributes as Viagra because it increases sexual desire, human sperm motility, and testosterone levels. It also produces nitric oxide and helps with the erection.
Erectile dysfunction is very common and affects up to one-third of adult men. ED can be cured in most cases through the use of various treatments and lifestyle changes.
According to research done in 2015, it was found that acupuncture is beneficial for men who are experiencing erectile dysfunction as a side effect of antidepressants. Sexual side effects of these drugs happen to most of the people consuming them.
Urology has a Facebook page. Like us to receive information and updates from our specialists. Care and Treatment Treatments Diagnostic Tools Botulinum Toxin (Botox) Penile Implant/Prosthesis Penile Blood Flow Study Providers
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Either one can't be used to treat both a lack of sexual drive and erectile dysfunction. If a person has only erectile dysfunction with normal sexual drive, combining Viagra and testosterone has no added benefits, just Viagra would suffice. new-erectile-dysfunction-treatment-over-the-counter-info
Ginkgo biloba. Known primarily as an herbal treatment for cognitive decline, ginkgo has also been used to treat erectile dysfunction -- especially cases caused by the use of certain antidepressant medications. But the evidence isn't very convincing. One 1998 study published in the Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy found that it did work. But a more rigorous study, published in Human Pharmacology in 2002, failed to replicate this finding. "Ginkgo has come out of fashion in the past few years," says Ronald Tamler, MD, assistant professor of medicine and codirector of the men's health program at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York City. "That's because it doesn't do much. I can say that in my practice, I have not seen ginkgo work -- ever."
Seeing a psychologist or other mental health professional could help improve your ED symptoms. You may want to bring your partner along for counseling sessions to discuss ways to encourage each other. If you don't know where to start to look for counseling, ask your doctor or urologist for a specific recommendation.
There are many herbal remedies which are good for the improvement in erectile dysfunction, but most of them have little effect and have side effects. There are two herbal remedies which have shown that erectile dysfunction can be gone if you take them, which are red ginseng and pomegranate juice. Ginseng will increase nitric oxide production, which leads to improved blood flow. In the case of pomegranate juice, it acts an antioxidant and helps to prevent atherosclerosis. You should consult with your doctor before taking any supplements as they can interfere with some other medication you are taking.
Platelet-Rich Plasma, or PRP, is plasma that is found in your blood that has many healing properties. PRP is the latest nonsurgical procedure that utilizes plasma cells of the blood to cure erectile dysfunction. It is one of the effective and safest ways to treat erectile dysfunction. It is also called as P-shots. It causes firm and stronger erections It improves sexual stamina and better erection Increased penile length and girth Improvement in or the resolution of penile curvature Resolution of penile pain with erection Improved sensitivity in the penis Improves overall blood flow to the penis Can I reverse my Erectile Dysfunction?
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Testosterone replacement therapy is used to treat men with low testosterone levels as the functions of testosterone do not occur properly. Testosterone may be administered in the form of pills, injections, or patches. This would help improve the symptoms that occur due to low testosterone in the body. FDA Mulling OTC Sale of Contraceptive Pills U.S. HPV Vaccination Rates Rising, Even Among Boys No Change in Recent Decades in Infertility Rate HPV 'Herd Immunity' Now Helping Women Underwear Guards Against STDs During Oral Sex Khera M. Treatment of Male Sexual Dysfunction. UpToDate. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-of-male-sexual-dysfunction Kim ED. Erectile Dysfunction Treatment & Management. Medscape. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/444220-treatment#d9 Mayo Clinic. Dietary Supplements for Erectile Dysfunction: A Natural Treatment for ED?. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/erectile-dysfunction/in-depth/erectile-dysfunction-herbs/art-20044394 https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/understanding-how-testosterone-affects-men https://www.drugs.com/drug-interactions/testosterone-with-viagra-2167-0-2061-1352.html
Though several vitamins may help with blood flow and general circulation, few have been proved to increase blood flow to the penis. Some evidence suggests that many men with ED are also deficient in vitamin D. For them, taking supplements may help. However, other studies find no connection between levels of D and ED.
Recent research has shown that exercise, specifically moderate to vigorous aerobic physical activity, can improve symptoms of ED.
Hepatic Impairment: In volunteers with hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A and B), sildenafil clearance was reduced, resulting in increases in AUC (85%) and Cmax (47%) compared to age-matched volunteers with no hepatic impairment. The pharmacokinetics of sildenafil in patients with severely impaired hepatic function (Child-Pugh Class C) have not been studied [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, and Use in Specific Populations].
There are no controlled clinical data on the safety or efficacy of VIAGRA in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (a minority of these patients have genetic disorders of retinal phosphodiesterases); if prescribed, this should be done with caution.
"If someone really wants an herbal supplement, I'll recommend ginseng," Laborde says. "At least it's not going to hurt you."
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flushing (warmth, redness, or tingly feeling);headache, dizziness;abnormal vision (blurred vision, changes in color vision)runny or stuffy nose, nosebleeds;sleep problems (insomnia);muscle pain, back pain; orupset stomach.
Exercise is also a great way to manage stress, boost mental health and prevent obesity. Like eating a healthy diet, regular exercise is one of the natural remedies for impotence that will improve your overall health.
Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 20, 2017 to May 10, 2017, among male clients who visited community pharmacies in Gondar town, North West Ethiopia. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was used to collect data from Sildenafil users older than 18 years, that started using the drug (Sildenafil) for at least 6 months before the data collection period. A regression analysis was conducted to determine the association between study variables, and a P-value of <0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance.
The mean profiles of the change from baseline in standing systolic blood pressure in subjects treated with doxazosin in combination with 100 mg VIAGRA or matching placebo are shown in Figure 4. Effect of VIAGRA on Blood Pressure When Co-administered with Anti-hypertensives
Medical risk factors for ED include diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular conditions (e.g., hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, and a recent history of myocardial infarction), pituitary/gonadal dysfunction, anemia, and renal/hepatic failure. Psychogenic causes can include depression and anxiety. Besides, medications may be a causal factor in which ~25% of cases of ED are caused by either prescription or over-the-counter medications. Drugs used socially such as nicotine, alcohol (in excess), and other recreational drugs also increase the prevalence of organic ED (2).
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The pathogenesis of organic ED is related to dysfunction of the endothelium. Endothelial cells can become injured through a variety of mechanisms, most of which cause oxidative stress on the tissues. Many of these causes of oxidative stress are related to lifestyle issues which lead to hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia (figure 1). Endothelial cell dysfunction results in reduction of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation as well as increased adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium. Endothelial cell injury then leads to a variety of sequelae, including ED, other types of vasoconstriction, atherosclerosis and thrombus formation.18
Not all men with erectile dysfunction want to be treated - it is a personal decision. For those who do, there are many options. The best-known treatment is medication. Viagra®, Levitra® and Cialis® all increase blood flow to the penis.
This comes from the fruit of a small palm tree and has been used to treat symptoms in men with enlarged prostate gland like difficulty urinating. Most experts recommend Saw Palmetto to treat ED caused by an enlarged prostate.
Instead, Espinosa suggests taking L-citrulline, which helps your body make more arginine. But, he warns, high doses can lower your blood pressure.
Rarely, a sudden decrease or loss of hearing, sometimes with ringing in the ears and dizziness, may occur. Stop taking sildenafil and get medical help right away if these effects occur.
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Back in 1928, a Providence Journal headline dubbed painter Hezekiah Anthony Dyer a "militant anti-Modernist." Modern art was just about showing off, he said. It was fueled by the usual fad for whatever's new — and the money that can be made off it. He was a traditionalist. He wasn't impressed.
Dyer's thing was watercolors and gouaches of romantic fairy tale country cottages, snowy mountain lakes, and ruins of old stone arches and doorways, as demonstrated by 25 of his works in the exhibit "Old World Charm: Watercolors by H.A. Dyer" at Bert Gallery (540 South Water Street, Providence, through March 6).
You can understand why tradition would be his thing. Dyer (1872-1943) was born in Providence. His dad and granddad were Rhode Island governors. He studied at Brown and RISD and spent part of most of his years in Europe (Belgium, France, England, Switzerland, Italy) painting realist landscapes. He was president of the Providence Art Club from 1905 to 1914 and then president of the Republican Club of Rhode Island from 1916 to 1919.
"Old World Charm: Watercolors by H.A. Dyer (1872-1943)," Bert Gallery, 540 S. Water St., Providence, Jan. 6 to March 6, 2009.


Huge Price reduction! Upgraded throughout. Light flows through this single story home with vaulted ceilings and skylights. There is a new heating and air condition unit along with a new Hybrid hot water heater Their is a private patio in the back yard with a jacuzzi and room to relax and enjoy the quiet! This gated community is situated in the Prestigious Terrace Downs, 2 community pools, along with mountain and sunset views. Award Winning Bonsall Schools. About 20 minutes from the Ocean. Very Private!
These are the details for the real estate listing in your search for 53 Via Casitas, Bonsall, CA 92003 (MLS # 180055149). You may be searching for a house, townhome, condo, or other property for sale, and we are here to help you with your search. As Bonsall real estate experts, we know that not just any house will do, and you can use the powerful tools on our website to find exactly what you are looking for.
The details about 53 Via Casitas include property information, Google Street View and Bing Bird's Eye view when available and a map to the property. know that we are here to help. We give you all the information available in the MLS so you can find the perfect home for you - maybe even 53 Via Casitas in Bonsall CA!
53 Via Casitas recap: This property has 3 bedrooms and 2, is 2,270 sq ft square feet (estimated), and $475,000 is the listing price.
The home at 53 Via Casitas in Bonsall CA isn't exactly like other nearby homes in Bonsall. To find out what the difference between 53 Via Casitas and other properties in the area, we have the information you need. Not only can you learn about MLS #180055149 and it's features, you can also find useful information about the community and the real estate market. All the information you want for your home search is right here.
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Properties on this website was last updated as recently as 4/26/19 1:09 AM PDT.


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Stockings, Parachutes, and Artists: The History of Dilworth Artisan Station
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Visiting the Rail Trail in South End? Look for a fresh mural that features a woman's legs in retro stockings. It's part of artist Mike Wirth's homage to an overlooked aspect of Charlotte's textile history. The sturdy brick building called Dilworth Artisan Station, home to artists' studios today, started life as Charlotte Knitting Mill.
The Queen City's textile story dates back to the 1880s. Dozens of factories here spun cotton and wove it into cloth. NoDa, for instance, began as a cluster of cotton mills.
In 1917, a startup named Charlotte Knitting added a new item to the city's output: knitted silk hosiery. After a small beginning with men's hose, they custom-built their own plant at 118 E. Kingston Ave., just off South Boulevard, in 1923. Two hundred workers tended rows of knitting machines in the "elegant new three-story building," ready to produce, headlined The Charlotte Observer, "Four and One-half Million Pairs of Highest Quality Silk Hosiery Per Year."
For the hosiery biz, the Roaring '20s were boom times. "Flapper" fashion swept America. Knee-length dresses daringly showed off a lady's stockings. Nearby, on Camden Road, a new competitor named Nebel Knitting (the building now holds Byron's South End) found success in that market. So Charlotte Knitting jumped in, too. The firm launched its own brand in 1927. Queen Charlotte Hosiery quickly won national popularity. "More silk stockings are made in Carolina than any other place in the South," boasted a 1930 ad.
Then the Great Depression hit. Women had no cash to splurge on stockings. The Queen Charlotte Hosiery brand flamed out as fast as it had risen. The factory kept making stockings, however, under a succession of owners into the 1940s. Charlotte Tent and Awning also used part of the space.
In 1943, deep into World War II, Charlotte Tent won a contract to produce parachutes for the military. Parachutes were made of silk early in the war, but manufacturers later switched to nylon as they ran short on silk. The factory had silk on hand and expertise in manufacturing. Hiring had to ramp up—tough when the draft was pulling men out of the workforce. "WOMEN Here is Your Chance," trumpeted a job ad. "War orders are waiting—our fighting men are waiting … Help Us Furnish Our Boys With PARACHUTES."
An advertisement for textile workers, The Charlotte Observer, Sept. 5, 1943. Courtesy photo.
After the war, the building returned to a variety of textile-related manufacturing, including Queen City Mattress. In the 1950s, a two-story wing was added to hold Charlotte Woodworking.
The Fuller family bought the structure in 1987. "A company made bras and panties there, 250 seamstresses," recalls Dick Fuller. He and his twin brother, Bob, were starting an architectural antiques and furniture repair business they called Crossland Studio. "We had a couple of artists come to us" asking to rent upstairs, Dick Fuller says. "That worked out so well that we kept adding more and more art space." With new interior walls and delightfully mismatched studio doors, the mill became Dilworth Artisan Station. "We loved the artists."
In 2019, the Fuller twins, ready to retire, sold to White Point. You know White Point's work if you've been to Optimist Hall, the 1890s cotton mill the company has handsomely renovated for restaurants. On Kingston, White Point has bought up most of the block and plans a high-rise that will face South Boulevard. But, says White Point exec Erik Johnson, Dilworth Artisan Station will stay much as is, with only a new ground-floor restaurant, cocktail lounge, or both in the Fullers' old workshop space, plus some sprucing up.
Muralist and academic Mike Wirth led the Artisan Station mural project with assistance from painters ARKO and Drew Newpher. Courtesy of Albert Dulin.
Thus the mural by Mike Wirth. He's an associate professor of art and design at Queens University and an energetic muralist who co-organizes Charlotte's annual Talking Walls paint-a-thon (talkingwallscharlotte.com).
"I wanted to honor the history of the building," he says. Look closely, and you'll see those stockings, along with parachutes, a woman worker modeled on the famous WWII "Rosie the Riveter," and more. "I wanted it to be like a memory, fluid and colorful."
By nigemord@gmail.com|2021-10-12T13:27:39+00:00October 12, 2021|Uncategorized|0 Comments

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Protect your data and find time for a break – Aliga, s.r.o.
Many IT and Security professionals are spending time this July preparing for GDPR, communicating changes in their information and privacy policies, and instituting different processes around handling personal data. Conversation on those teams often turns to the challenges with managing personal data in a way that protects privacy while still conforming to organizational policies and technologies.
Furthermore, concurrent with the challenges of having to grow a business or to increase how you serve and service your current customer base, the workload around personal data is increasing. I'm fortunate to have worked on a technology at Forcepoint that directly focuses on avoiding data exfiltration and keeping personal data safe, while driving efficiency through automation. And I'm pleased to share that Dynamic Data Protection is available today.
DDP starts with understanding and modeling the baseline behavior of your organization. From there, you can detect when credentials are compromised, or when someone may not be aware of safe data handling practices.
For instance, if IT has enabled a cloud-based collaboration tool to manage sensitive data between approved team members, the best practice is to manage and store that content via the cloud. The approved team members can access the latest file and can collaborate within it over time. Let's say a new team member joins the group who travels frequently, managing many local copies on their endpoint, and repeatedly attempting to move copies onto removable media. Perhaps they never learned how to utilize and access the cloud application. In this case, traditional solutions would respond by either restricting data movement onto endpoint or media, or sending a bunch of alerts that security teams have to triage and resolve.
Where Dynamic Data Protection changes the game is by calculating risk scores for individuals with access to the data on this cloud-based application. When risk levels are low, data protection permissions can be more open, and when risk levels elevate, data protection permissions can be more restrictive. This can allow the right security policy to be applied to the right person at the right time, automating enforcement and reducing data protection alarms. In the example of the new employee above, it may allow him to copy information to his endpoint, but become restrictive about moving materials to removable media, preventing exfiltration – and informing security of this high risk behavior.
This can fundamentally change how a security group manages data protection, help them detect anomalies earlier, and drive efficiency with fewer alerts to manage. It also can help IT organizations train and coach employees on how to safely handle and manage data. This, in turn, gives your team the balance they need to protect critical data, enable the organization to grow, and maybe even take your team out for breakfast.


Mobile healthcare is a proven cost-effective and efficient way to deliver medical attention to remote areas, during emergency situations. Mobile clinics are self-propelled laboratories offers increased flexibility for short and long term needs. Upon a project completion, the medical unit can be stored or relocated to the next project site with ease. Mobile medical units can be uses as a single unit for faster deployment.
All units are built Custom Designed from the ground up to the client exact specifications. Ensures each instrument/equipment has ample space, well-secured for ease transportation and proper utilities for operation.
Flexible Design to easily handle future expansions and or equipment replacement. Mobile Medical unit serve all types of medical diagnostic needssuch as Health screening, Dental, Mammography,Bonedensity,Nuclear imaging, etc.


Whenever leaks are detected in a home plumbing system, it is important to quickly investigate the situation. According to trusted leak detection Melbourne specialists, if the leaks are unattended and undetected, a lot of water is lost, pipes can end up corroded and it is a certainty that major damage will appear. As pipes have leaks, it is possible to end up with home appliance damage and health problems can become reality. Because of this, you need to be aware of the following tips that help detect the presence of water leaks.
You want to turn off the entire water supply to the appliances and all other fixtures that use them. Then, a simple thing to do is to listen for dripping or leaking water. If this is something that you hear, there is a leak that needs to be fixed as soon as possible.
The water meter helps you out a lot in detecting the existence of a leak. Check the digits that are present and see if the number gets higher even if you do not use water. If this is the case, there is a water leak somewhere.
The radar can help you out a lot in the event that there is a high possibility that there is an outside leak that is affecting your home. It helps by finding the exact leak point, showing you if the problem that you are faced with is large or small. The radar practically sends waves through various materials and then the machine gets signals back. We are talking about a really simple to use instrument that can help you figure out if there is a leak present.
This is a highly efficient leak detection method that can be used inside homes. If easy water pipe access exists, industrial hydrogen can be added and then tracked as it goes through the pipes. This is a gas that moves at really high pressure. In the event that a leak is present, it can easily be detected as gas leaks are much easier to detect than water leaks.
This device's main function is similar to that of the common stethoscope. As a leak is present, the geophone can detect it through sound. The sound that is generated by the water leak is practically amplified and you can hear it. The only problem is that the geophone cannot actually detect larger water leaks. This is due to the fact that as water goes through larger holes, loud noises are not present.
Keep in mind that in many cases you might end up knowing there is a leak but cannot actually identify it. Unfortunately, this makes many just go from one pipe to the next. This is not a good approach. If you did all you could and couldn't find the location of the water leak, the very best thing you can do is contact a plumber.


Massage Envy Spa, the country's leader in professional massage therapy, has opened at Westcliff Plaza in Newport Beach. Massage Envy Spa offers a convenient neighborhood location, where clients can enjoy therapeutic massage and facials at an affordable price, convenient times, and in a beautiful and professional environment.
Several styles of massage are available at Massage Envy Spa, including Swedish, deep tissue, sports, and prenatal massage. The highly experienced therapists were hired and trained by Rick Boden, Director of Operations, who previously managed The Bellagio Spa, among others, in Las Vegas.
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Hi Tampa Bay, Alex here with some casting information.
MTVN is seeking someone in a family that takes care of everyone and everything.
Do you feel like you are picking up the slack for your parents? Are you making dinner and cleaning the house instead of hanging out with your friends? Does your mom put herself first, flaunt herself and embarrass you in the process? Do you feel like you are missing out on the best years of your life? Do you feel like you are parenting your own parent? Is your situation actually a good thing? Is mom getting back on her feet but needs your help? Do you attempt to hide or downplay your family life?
If you are between the ages of 15-22 and answered yes to the any of the question above than MTV wants to hear your story!
Send an email to castingcookie@gmail.com and be sure to include your name, telephone number, and a picture of you, your mom and your siblings.
Check back often for more Tampa Bay Film news!


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• Max range of the cable up to 100m.
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text:
Hong Kong's Tycoons Face Tough Transitions
By Ben Bland
SourceISAAC LAWRENCE/Getty
These families effectively ran the island and advised mainland Chinese leaders. Now, the equation has flipped.
For decades, aspiring Hong Kongers dreamed of emulating the rags-to-riches rise of Li Ka-shing, the wealthiest man in a city built by commerce, improvisation and not a little luck. But when the 89-year-old billionaire announced his retirement in March, his right-hand man, Canning Fok, was one of many warning that his like may never be seen again in the semi-autonomous Chinese territory.
"If I was young, I wouldn't work in Hong Kong," says the managing director of Li's main holding company, CK Hutchison, and one of the city's best-paid executives, earning $27 million last year. "I wouldn't spend HK$10 million [$1.3 million] on a 300-square-foot apartment, I'd go over there [to mainland China] and spend HK$2 million and put HK$8 million into a startup."
The tycoons are heartlessly rich. They used the power they attained to alter policies and strengthen their status.
Kenneth Tong
Like the other tycoons who dominate Hong Kong, Li made much of his money through property development, recycling the profits into a wide array of businesses ranging from ports to retail, telecommunications to energy.
But the decades-long property boom that helped turn the likes of Li Ka-shing, Lee Shau-kee, the majority owner of Henderson Land, and the Kwok, Cheng and Woo families into billionaires has left Hong Kong saddled with the world's most unaffordable housing prices — and much of the economy controlled by a handful of closely connected business groups.
Many young people are unable to buy, or even rent, a home of their own and are deterred from starting a business by equally astronomical commercial rents.
Source Financial Times
Kenneth Tong, a 33-year-old academic researcher who lives with his parents, compares his generation's predicament to playing a game of Monopoly that has been going on for 50 years, with all the properties already taken and only the prospect of paying ruinous rents.
"If you continue to play the game, the disparity between the rich and poor will be wider … and more and more people will live in abysmal conditions," says Tong, who runs a campaign called No Flat Slave. "The tycoons are heartlessly rich. They used the power they attained to alter policies and strengthen their status."
Family businesses dominate economies across Asia, but no place is as synonymous with its tycoons — nor its tycoons as synonymous with it — as Hong Kong.
Li's retirement, passing the baton to his elder son Victor Li, is the most high-profile handover of a wider transition of power in Hong Kong, as the second and third generation of Ivy League and business-school-trained offspring take over from their pioneering, self-made fathers and grandfathers.
It symbolizes the end of an era in more ways than one. The first generation of billionaires like Li were trusted advisers to Communist leaders such as Deng Xiaoping as they sought expertise and capital during the "reform and opening up" of China's economy in the 1980s and 1990s. In today's far richer, more powerful China, President Xi Jinping has little need to take advice from second-generation Hong Kong tycoons.
The successors 1: The Woos
Douglas Woo, the grandson of shipping tycoon Pao Yue-kong, took over as chairman of property and logistics group Wheelock in 2014. Turning 40 this year, he is one of the younger family business leaders in Hong Kong. The group owns a range of luxury residential and retail developments in Hong Kong and mainland China, controls part of the city's container port and operates the historic Star Ferry, which connects Hong Kong island and Kowloon.
In fact, the roles have been reversed. Hong Kong's government looks to Chinese tech entrepreneurs such as Jack Ma of Alibaba and Pony Ma of Tencent, who both have luxury homes in the city, for help in re-energizing an economy that many Hong Kongers feel does not work for them any more.
"The dominance of several tycoons over generations has impeded economic development here because of their anti-competitive practices and rent-seeking behavior," says David Webb, a corporate governance campaigner and former director of the Hong Kong stock exchange. "That … has resulted in less economic dynamism."
The primary challenge for every senior Hong Kong tycoon is how to transfer their business empire and wealth to the next generation.
With multiple heirs, siblings and, sometimes, wives, it is not an easy task, especially in a culture where billionaires are reluctant to discuss succession openly. "Many Asian founders never retire; they just die at a desk," says Joseph Fan, a professor of finance at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
Family businesses listed on the stock market in Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan lose, on average, 60 percent of their value during the five years before and three years after their founder steps down, according to Fan's research. He says this transition discount is driven by the difficulty of passing on "intangible critical assets" such as the founder's relationships and values, as well as the fear of festering family feuds.
The successors 2: The Chengs
Leadership of the Cheng family's jewelry, property and transportation empire is shifting slowly from the third to the fourth generation. Henry Cheng is still chairman of the two main listed companies — Chow Tai Fook and New World Development — but his Harvard-trained art collector son, Adrian, is taking a more prominent role leading key projects in what he calls a "spontaneous evolution." The Cheng family also has a stake in the Ho family entity that controls the SJM gambling company.
A key characteristic of ethnic Chinese family businesses that survive more than a century is their ability to "prune ownership" to head off such disputes, says Roger King, who runs the family business studies center at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.
On a scale of smoothness, Li Ka-shing's handover to Victor Li would come near the top, while the formal retirement of Stanley Ho, another Hong Kong tycoon who is known as the "godfather" of the booming casino industry in neighboring Macau, would be closer to the bottom.
Victor, 53, spent 30 years learning the ropes from his father before formally becoming chairman of CK Hutchison and CK Asset, the family's property group, last week. Rather than see Victor and his younger brother Richard tussle for influence, Li backed Richard in a separate business venture and today he runs PCCW, a telecoms and media group.
By keeping his family small, Li Ka-shing made life much more straightforward. Ho, who stood down as chairman of his casino company SJM Holdings in April at the age of 96, has had a much tougher task, with 17 known, living children by four different partners.
A messy legal dispute over who controls the family's shares in his gambling group was eventually resolved in 2011. But Ho, who stepped back from active involvement several years ago due to ill health, has never identified a clear successor. He is being replaced by three co-chairmen, including Angela Leong, his fourth partner, and Daisy Ho, a daughter by his second partner. Meanwhile Ina Chan, his third partner, was also appointed as an executive director.
Vitaly Umansky, an analyst at Bernstein, an equity research group, says this sort of messy structure creates an "enormous discount for the company" in investors' eyes. "There's a giant hodge-podge of conflicts of interest at the board, shareholder and management level," he says. "Many U.S. and European investors would never invest in a company like SJM for that reason."
While aging tycoons struggle to get their house in order, many young Hong Kongers wonder if they will ever be able to buy one. The densely populated city of 7 million people has the world's most unaffordable residential property, measured as a proportion of median income, according to Demographia, an urban planning consultancy.
In response to soaring prices, limited land supply and stagnating wages for many graduates, developers have been racing to build ever smaller micro-flats, some no bigger than a parking space. More than 200,000 Hong Kongers live in often-squalid cubbyholes known as "subdivided homes," which are typically about 10 square meters but rent for about $570 per month.
The average living space per person in Hong Kong is just 16 square meters, compared with 20 square meters in Tokyo, which is also infamous for its tiny apartments, and 28 square meters in Shenzhen, China's tech metropolis just over the border from Hong Kong, according to research by Our Hong Kong Foundation, a think tank backed by many of the city's tycoons.
Stephen Wong, a former investment banker and head of public policy at the think tank, says the housing situation has reached "crisis" point. "We're going to be short by another 70,000 private flats over the next 10 years," he says. "People have lost hope."
The successors 3: The Kwoks
Raymond Kwok leads Sun Hung Kai Properties, which has emerged relatively unscathed after a period of turbulence. His older brother Walter was ousted as chairman in 2008 before both Raymond and Thomas, another brother, were charged in a high-profile trial with "conspiracy to commit misconduct in public office." Raymond was found not guilty in 2014 but Thomas was convicted and sentenced to five years in jail. Thomas' son Adam and Raymond's son Christopher, both Ivy League graduates in their mid 30s, are executive directors.
Tycoons get much of the blame for the situation — and a large share of the resulting profits. Five of the best-known tycoon families — the Lis, the Lees, the Woos, the Chengs and the Kwoks — took home more than $3 billion in dividends, which are not taxable in Hong Kong, from their main listed companies alone last year.
But economists and politicians disagree about the causes of the crisis, with some blaming developers for hoarding land, some blaming the public for resisting the development of greenfield sites and others blaming the influx of around 1 million mainland migrants since the U.K. handed back control to China in 1997. Quantitative easing, which has pumped cheap money into the global economy since the financial crisis, has helped drive prices even higher.
Wong understands why residents resent developers, given that property prices have, over the past decade, grown faster than gross domestic product and way ahead of wages. "People see that a landlord is better off than a business owner, who is better off than a wage earner," he says. "What kind of society is that?"
Even some tycoons are balking at soaring prices. Lau Ming-wai, chairman of property group Chinese Estates, says his company has not bought land at government auctions in Hong Kong for five years because "we see better risk return in other investments."
Lau, 37, who took over when his father stepped down after being convicted of bribery and money laundering in Macau in 2014, advises the Hong Kong government on youth policy. He compares the situation to the U.K. and other developed economies struggling with a "toxic mix" of high property prices and declining social mobility.
The difference is that Hong Kong has no hinterland and the city's residents cannot elect their own leaders, leading to a sense of "pent-up anger."
He adds: "You can see and feel the resentment and frustration."
President Xi Jinping 's concentration of power — and Beijing's growing influence in Hong Kong — has killed off hope for democratic reform and eroded the autonomy and civic freedoms that helped make the city an international gateway for China.
Economically Hong Kong is much less important to Beijing than it was 20 years ago. On the eve of the handover, the city's GDP was nearly a fifth of China's, but today it represents just 3 percent, only slightly more than the neighboring cities of Shenzhen and Guangzhou.
The successors 4: The Lees
Ninety-year-old Lee Shau-kee is one of the few patriarchs still in charge of his empire, as well as being vice chairman of Sun Hung Kai Properties, which he co-founded with the Kwok brothers' father, Kwok Tak-seng, and Fung King-hey, an entrepreneur known as the "king of securities." Lee's two sons, Lee Ka-kit and Lee Ka-shing, are both vice chairmen of Henderson Land, handling projects in mainland China and Hong Kong, respectively. Lee has said he is "gradually retiring," letting his sons take on more responsibility for the business.
The Chinese economy is not just much bigger. It is far more technologically advanced, led by the likes of Alibaba, Baidu and Tencent, whose innovative businesses make the Hong Kong tycoons' traditional empires look like relics from an earlier era.
The shift in influence has seen Chinese investors buying up some of Hong Kong's most prominent buildings and most storied assets. Alibaba acquired the South China Morning Post, the city's main English-language newspaper, in 2015. Cosco, the state-owned shipping group, is in the process of taking over Orient Overseas, the shipping company controlled by the family of former Hong Kong leader Tung Chee-hwa, for $6 billion.
While some tycoons worry about Beijing's interventions in Hong Kong's legal system, few are willing to stand up for the territory's autonomy. When asked at his final press conference in March what he thought of Xi's decision to end term limits, allowing him to be leader for life, Li, who has expressed support for democracy in the past, replied: "If I had a chance to re-elect him, I would have voted for him."
Anson Chan, who worked with many of the tycoons when she was deputy leader of Hong Kong before and after the handover, argues that this willingness to put profit before principle is as big a threat to the city as the housing crisis.
"At some stage business people here need to ask themselves if they have a bottom line and are they prepared to defend it," she says. "We have to keep Hong Kong's unique strengths or it will become marginalized."
Additional reporting by Nicolle Liu.
OZY partners with the U.K.'s Financial Times to bring you premium analysis and features. © The Financial Times Limited 2020.
China's Ultrawealthy Catch the Family Office Bug
Chinese tycoons reinforce the dominance of this sector by sticking to its ecosystem when tending their own riches.
Rich Hongkongers Open Foreign Bank Accounts Amid Unrest
Singapore benefits as wealthy Hong Kong residents hedge against the political standoff.
Special Briefing: A Face Mask Ban Raises Stakes For Hong Kong's Protesters
Hong Kong's determined protesters have proved they're savvy — but can they adapt to tough new police tactics?.
The Unlikely Winner in Hong Kong's Crisis: Singapore
As unrest in Hong Kong escalated over the summer, the Asian business world looked to Singapore.
China's Outsourcing Its Propaganda War Against Hong Kong to Online Soldiers
From a nationalist diaspora to quirky memes, Beijing is using old and new propaganda tactics to counter the Hong Kong protests.
Nervy Hong Kong Business Dons Walk a Thin Line Amid Protests
The city's top companies are walking a tightrope, trying to avoid angering China without alienating a local workforce critical of Beijing.
Hong Kong Crisis Sparks Fears of Capital Flight
Wealthy mainlanders have for years parked their wealth in Hong Kong.
Hong Kong's Carrie Lam Is 'The Fighter' — But for Whom?
The government leader is facing heated protests, indicative of growing concern about Chinese control over the city.
Esports May Be the Next Hot Career. But Hong Kong's Kids Don't Want to Play
Youth in the 7.
Why Europe's Fintech Firms Are Making a Beeline to This Continent
Europe's fintech majors are eyeing the possibility of rapid growth in Asia.
Think Getting an Apartment in New York Is Tough? Try Hong Kong
The wait for public housing here is longer than it's been in nearly two decades and often results in a bathroom-sized abode.
The Battle of the Exchanges Takes Off Between China and Hong Kong
Chinese retail investors can't buy companies offering dual-class shares through the trade link with Hong Kong.
Hong Kong Is Fighting Back Against a Mandarin Language Invasion
With new dictionaries, writing competitions, protests and films, Hong Kong is battling to save Cantonese.
China's Silicon Valley Faces Meltdown Fears
Rising costs have dented Shenzhen's appeal and are forcing some companies to relocate.
Hong Kong's Richest Man Retires
The tycoon who started out making plastic flowers will pass his $100 billion global empire to his son.


text:
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Episode 170 Second Opinions: Leftists on "Society of the Spectacle"
August 28, 2017 by Mark Linsenmayer 26 Comments
http://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.libsyn.com/partiallyexaminedlife/PEL_ep_170pt3_Second_Opinions_8-14-17.mp3
By popular demand, here's part 3 of discussion of Debord.
Does PEL have the cred to discuss neo-Marxism? Do we just not GET IT, what with our bourgeois outlooks that always split the difference between extremes and so espouse moderation? Are we perhaps too blinded by the spectacle to even see it?
Well, Mark and Seth use this extra hour to ask some leftist podcasters what they think of Debord and of our treatment of his ideas in Ep #170. We are joined by Douglas Lain of the Zero Squared (formerly Diet Soap) podcast, Brett O'Shea of the Revolutionary Left Radio podcast, and C. Derick Varn (who appeared on our semiotics episode) of the Symptomatic Redness podcast.
End song: "Open Your Eyes (Wake Up)" from another damn-the-system guy, PEL audio editor Tyler Hislop. Hear him interviewed on Nakedly Examined Music #24.
Sponsors: Go to blueapron.com/PEL for three free meals with free shipping.
Get 20% off your first pair of underwear plus free shipping meundies.com/pel through Aug. 31.
Filed Under: Podcast Episodes Tagged With: Guy Debor, Marxism, philosophy podcast, political philosophy, Situationism
Punyesh Kumar says
I was very excited when I saw "Second Opinions", I thought maybe you had Seth Benzell on, or perhaps someone else of similar persuasion.
But no, more Marxism. Sigh..
Debord's is a cultural critique. Why would an economist be the on point person to respond to it? The whole range of "why are you even considering these neo-Marxists when their economic proposals are totally unworkable and fail to recognize all the good that capitalism has brought us" gut reactions are entirely beside the point. Debord could be entirely right in his cultural critique (he's not) while still completely failing to give a viable alternative to capitalism (which he doesn't).
You'll be happy to know that we have Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations on our schedule, and that we've also been in talks with a listener (who has commented recently on this blog) who worked for the Cato institute to talk about Herbert Spencer. And we are definitely up to doing a similar "second thoughts" thing in the future with a bunch of libertarians or conservatives if we read something appropriate and if we can find enough listeners of our show that fall into those categories, i.e. Both have the relevant political bent and yet are also podcasters or writers or other public voices.
I might've sounded snarkier than I perhaps intended. I don't have any problems with Marxist cultural critiques in principal, it's just the usual lack of a sensible positive account gets a bit old, especially if one is not sympathetic to the view. Which is why I thought that you might've brought on an economist to look at Debord's positive account.
Anyway, I'm looking forward to the episodes your mentioned. I'd also recommend "The Passions and the Interests: Political Arguments for Capitalism Before Its Triumph " by Albert O. Hirschman as perhaps a much more moderate take on capitalism and culture.
given yer interest in work and all you might like the thinking around luxury communism and accelerationism:
http://novaramedia.com/2017/01/20/platform-capitalism/
Fredy says
Does Seth Benzell possess knowledge of Guy Debord?
James Gallagher says
Regarding political involvement, I feel totally disengaged because I don't see any effective avenues. The two main parties were abysmally dissapointing, the republicans for offering up an Insane Clown Posse to choose from and the democrats for cheating Bernie. I feel like. both parties are coopted by Wall Street. The few lefty groups I've looked at seem too small, splintered and fringy. Confronted with a Trump presidency I feel like I should do something concrete. From the podcasts it sounds like you all are also frustrated. What to do? Any suggestions?
Debord & Co. seems to have been more of a lasting influence in the art realms and some related ideas in urbanism/planning.
grist for the mill: https://monoskop.org/images/1/13/Bourdieu_Pierre_On_Television.pdf
thanks Seth for saving this from yet another endless digression into what Marx said/meant, who is or isn't Marxist etc and thanks to Doug to getting a bit into commodities and DIY/alienation, CDV for
abstractification/media-tion, and the like.
was hoping for a bit more of an inquiry into whether the Spectacle is a useful frame for our
networked/plat-formed times or not, is the Panopticon, or do we need something new?
or not the since he came up
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CYkf5tCUqX4
if the PELers are considering taking on some philosophy of technology Andrew Feenberg might be a good bridge from this line of thought to that one and I bet @mckenziewark (see his work at public seminar dot org would be a willing guest to talk about his takes on gaming, hacktivism (writ large), e-commons, and the like and he also has a good book on the situationists.
Evan Hadkins says
A fun fact for Seth, from Australia.
During the Red Scare here during the 50's and 60's it was quite hard for anyone Left, or certainly any communist to be employed by the government.
One solution was to go into the arts.
The other was to go into private empolyment. And the Left, and commies, being good with words . . . yes, the Advertising industry in Australia had more than its fair share of Lefties and commies. Remarkable but true.
qapla says
The Rebel Sell (short video 4;48)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2xccCsByav0
Joseph Heath: The Myth of the Rebel Consumer (short video 3:56)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2qAy4k8vFI
much respect
the myth of "conscious capitalism"
http://www.evilsugarradio.com/92-raj-patel-the-global-food-system/959/
These three discussions of Debord have been so good there is nothing I could really contribute, but on a bit of a tangent on the mention of a possible connection with Buddhism and mention of the future episode discussion. There seemed to be an implied sense that Buddhist thought is something of this detached solitary thing etc..
Because Buddhism was mostly first introduced as a philosophy it had a bit of the detached intelectual aspect that modern western philosophy often has. And more recently the interest in meditation and mindfulness as a secular or clinical practice it makes it seem much more of a solitary thing, but Buddhism is really much more like Greek philosophies of Stoicism, Cynicism, Epicureanism, Phyrronism etc
Also because of translation choices such as of bodaishin from Japanese in zen as "great awakened mind" when it means "great awakened heart" or bodhicitta it seems for example "zen/cha'n" doesn't emphasize compassion but many who know of Thich Nhat Hanh of the zen tradition should think differently. The basis of Buddhism is "Buddha, dharma, sangha" and the bodhisattva ideal/path. ( bodhisattva is the Sanskrit term for anyone who, motivated by great compassion, bodhicitta, which is a wish and a compassionate mind/heart to attain awakening for the benefit of all sentient beings )
In zen this is the four great vows and exemplified in
The Tenth Oxherding picture after #9. Reaching the Source is
#10. Return to Society
Barefooted and naked of breast,
I mingle with the people of the world.
My clothes are ragged and dust-laden,
and I am ever blissful.
I use no magic to extend my life;
Now, before me, the dead trees
become alive.
In the Upaddha Sutta Ananda asks the Buddha if friendship and companionship is half of the spiritual life to which he replied no Ananda friendship, companionship and camaraderie is the whole of the spiritual life.
An Ethics of Care (Part 2 of 15)
https://www.upaya.org/2017/07/batchelor-ethics-care-2-15/
'How should I live?' You know, it sounds sort of bewilderingly large, but that is the question that almost all of us are faced with every day. And one of the things that, for me, distinguished the Buddha from a whole lot of very important Western thinkers, he's not saying that you have to sort of reform a whole society in order to achieve happiness. He's sort of posing a kind of challenge to individuals: How can you arrive at contentment or happiness, and also, thereby, create conditions for happiness of other people around you?"
"I think it's unsustainable. And that's why we are heading towards and we already have, we already live in such a sort of violent times. So I'm completely unpersuaded by the notion that the systems we have are working. The fact of power obscures the failures, but the fact that you have to use violence all the time, you know, really points to the failure of these systems in many ways."
Pankaj Mishra An End to Suffering: The Buddha in the World.
https://onbeing.org/programs/pankaj-mishra-the-buddha-in-the-world/
"The poor man's son, whom heaven, in its anger, has visited with ambition, admires the condition of the rich. Through the whole of his life, he pursues the idea of a certain, artificial and elegant repose, which he may never arrive at, for which he sacrifices a real tranquility that is at all times in his power, and which, if in the extremity of old age, he should at last attain to it, he will find to be in no respect preferable to that humble security and contentment, which he had abandoned for it."
"Power and riches appear then to be what they are, enormous machines contrived to produce a few trifling conveniences to the body. They keep off the summer shower, not the winter storm, but leave him always as much and sometimes more exposed than before to anxiety, to fear and to sorrow, to diseases, to danger and to death."
Adam Smith's Theory of Moral Sentiments of 1759
TMHS 240: Happiness Vs. Pleasure And The Hacking Of The American Mind – With Dr. Robert Lustig
http://theshawnstevensonmodel.com/robert-lustig/
Overall I liked the discussion, however the glossing over and Butchering of Stirner' philosophy was unfortunate and is typical of Marxists of the Tankie persuasion.
Later Marx is heavily indebted to Stirner' philosophy and there are a few points to be clarified.
1) Stirner didn't believe everything was a spook. He believed that the contemporary unfolding of philosophy from both the Idealist and Materialist perspective shared the same foundational problem that materialism hadn't overcome and had in fact carried on from German Idealism. Namely, the real and immediate concrete experience/relations that people have with each other were being overshadowed by the belief that what was real was 'Absolute Spirit", "Man", "Society" and "Humanity", and for Stirner these systems of belief were used by individuals to control their activities and attribute them to something outside of themselves.
2) Stirner follows Hegel to a point insofar as he acknowledges that one doesn't start with a self and can only come to terms with this through various collisions with material manifestations of Force. He, however, departs from Hegel where Hegel attributes this an unfolding teleological specter which contains its own determining factors independent of the individual actors at play (Geist; the absolute and so on).
In a similar vain he is criticizing the pre-Marx materialist philosopher Ludwig Feuerbach in saying that all he did was bring God from the heavens or the immaterial realm to the material one in the form of "Man".
In this sense Stirner foreshadows Heidegger in emphasizing the getting-lost-in-the-momentness of existence which characterizes peoples relations. However, he seems to appropriate from Fichte when he combines this with the acting subject determining who they are and acting on these premises.
Throughout Der Einzige und sein Eigenthum (generally translated as the ego and his own, although it was just translated anew by Wolfi Landstreicher as The Unique and His Property), there exists this default communist tendency. However, unlike both Hegel and Marx, Stirner doesn't distinguish between the repression of capitalism and the state.
Stirner gives an account of the progression of state-hood about a third of the way through the text and he also explicitly takes a shot at capitalism too. He was very anti-capitalist and his use of the term property hasn't anything to do with possessing private property within which others are under his , my or your control.
3) He acknowledges the existence of The Proletariat independent of the perceptual interpretation of what this means, or its potential spook-hood. He attributes a structural imbalance to capitalism which enforces the existence of a class of people which end up being workers which are pitted against themselves and their own creative activity through the capitalist mode of production. However, unlike Marx, he doesn't believe that freedom-from lies in creating party like structures which can be used to overthrow the state and then eventually whither away. For him the state has a much longer his-story of being used as a mechanism of control and coercion and that it typically comes into being as soon as a collection of people unify around a set of fixed principles and then start trying to expand outwards with little to no flexibility.
It is very unfortunate that Stirner isn't more widely read outside of small pockets of individualist-anarchists and the post-left and I believe this is what has made misrepresenting and misunderstanding him so easy.
Another problem, much like any other philosopher who wrote in a language other than English, and in an epoch wholly unfamiliar to 'us' now, is the use of language and what it signified then as opposed to what it signifies now.
There is no real connection between Stirner and the likes of Rand or Rothbard; the latter are products of neoliberal mythology which Stirner would have been against as well.
There are a few good Stirnerian authors out there and one of my preferred is Saul Newman. He's written extensively on Stirner, Marx, Lacan, Foucault and Deleuze.
Another author who wrote a pretty good paper on Stirner is Alejandro de Acosta.
https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/saul-newman-spectres-of-stirner-contemporary-critique-of-idealogy
https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/saul-newman-politics-of-the-ego-stirner-s-critique-of-liberalism
https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/alejandro-de-acosta-how-the-stirner-eats-gods
Furthermore, there is a theorist who calls himself Dr Bones from Florida who writes extensively on how one can fuse communist theory and Stirner together.
Oh, and there is an essay of aphorisms written by a collective of stirnerite-Marxist theorists called The Right to Be Greedy.
https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/for-ourselves-the-right-to-be-greedy-theses-on-the-practical-necessity-of-demanding-everything
Jakey says
The crew should do an episode on Stirner, Seth better be there though.
We were just discussing that! It's not going to happen right away, though.
This is great news! My only worry is how you will handle drawing the cartoon version of him when the only known image of him is a doodle…
https://www.politics.ox.ac.uk/academic-faculty/david-leopold.html
Daniel Hoffman says
I am so glad that Seth is still here.. Rorty infuriated me when I heard him speak. He didn't just touch a nerve. It was root canal. I did, eventually, realize that it was I who had been wrong and not Richard Rorty.
I was concerned for a bit there that we might not hear from Seth. Mark rocks for doing Spinoza because Seth could never resist that.
I read "The Society of the Spectacle" years ago and it now maps well onto my views of the memetic part of ourselves, which is something like what others call, "the socially constructed self." But I feel that something needed to be said about this discussion, in particular..
My biggest complaint about the economic theories of the libertarian/republicans is that they are merchantilists and not capitalists. The reason we went off of the gold standard was the problem of deflation. In a merchantilist' zero sum game, my gains are someone else's losses and vice-versa.
It is ironic that the Marxists made the same accounting error in this conversation. When republicans speak of "throwing money at the problem" they speak as if a dollar spent is a dollar lost forever. Your guests said that it was an unfair deal for the capitalist to give, or pay, less for an item than the worker earned producing it and that this unfairness was part of the system because you could not make any profits otherwise. This is not accurate.
The velocity of currency or "velocity of money" theory lies at the heart of capitalism. One person's spending is another person's income and that income gives the seller money to spend, which creates a third person's income. A dollar spent is another dollar to spend, and so on. It is most certainly not money "thrown at a problem".
That is what I learned in economics 102. By this effect, money given to the less affluent is more stimulatory to the economy than money given to the affluent, because the latter don't spend money as fast as they earn it. Unfortunately, contrary to the evidence, the received view is that it will create inflation if poor people have more money and it is better to give it to the rich so that they may hire the poor to get this benefit. Of course this is ad-hoc because the implicit goal is always more money for the rich. The wealthy are terrified of inflation because it devalues their assets.
Those of us who advocate for social justice need to make the case against the reigning merchantilist zero-sum theories and advocate for actual capitalism which asserts that, in a 70% consumer economy, velocity of money means that a dollar spent on the poor winds up giving ten to the wealthy. Trickle down really is a trickle, Demand side economics would create a flood upwards, contstrained by certain limits which are in flux because of accelerationg productivity.
Communists have to get away from the zero-sum error. That's Ayn Rand's view.
For those interested in economics Steve Keen is attempting to come up with a decent theory. He has lots of stuff on youtube. It is based on Minsky, who didn't presume equilibrium (as the usual model does. His critique of the conventional model is Debunking Economics.) Declaration of interest: he's an Australian and so am I (though he works overseas now).
Daniel 2 says
I just downloaded, "Can We Avoid Another Financial Crisis" after looking him up, per your recommendation. It's a struggle to know how to spend my efforts. I don't want to give in to a sense of helplessness. Nor do I want to burn out. It's a hard balance to strike.
It sure is. For me it means doing what I can as part of larger organisations and campaigns – bearing in mind that the means to a joyful society shouldn't burn us out. Buying from co-op's where we can and such is something.
leftecon says
Leftist here just wanting to point out that there's a huge difference between the writings of Marx (effectively just Das Capital) and the critical theory analysis used in History and Literature called "Marxism".
Capital is predeominantly a classical economic text. The explicit parts you can pull out are surplus value, the notion of class structure in society (at all, this is the foundational work), and the inevitable crises of capitalism. All of those things are extensions Marx makes on classical economic writers like Smith and Ricardo – there's no existential or cultural criticism in that text.
Marxism is a highly variable cluster of analytic "tools" that are presumably based on the idea that class drives everything.
There are reasons to disparage both – but conflating them isn't good philosophy.
So for example at 28:50 or so there is the statement that Marx says that relationships of dominance (not paying people what they're worth) are exploitation that is hidden through mediating the relationship with something symbolic.
That's an interesting reading but it's an ahistorical one. Marx isn't talking about how the people are decieved, he's making the argument that labour is fundamentally subordinate to capital. Again, one needs to look back to Smith and Ricardo re: iron law of wages and the Industrial Revolutionary context. The point about labour being exploited isn't that workers are tricked – it is that they have no choice. The exploitation of labour (extraction of suprlus value) occurs because if someone has no other choice but to sell their labour in order to make a living, you can drive them down to the bare minimum required to survive and have them work as long as possible. The labourer doesn't have any other option but to take the "deal."
Marx's issue with "money" isn't the more recent notion of "money is a fake thing" but rather that someone with Capital can exploit labour as described in the paragraph above. You have M dollars and want to produce product. Pay workers to produce product only as little as possible and take the rest as profit. You just turned M into M' dollars, you are now wealthier. What did you actually "do" in terms of effort? Nothing. That's Marx's issue.
Tod Foley says
DeBord didn't say "the working class" because he recognized enough of the new electronic economy to see that that term would no longer apply. He knows that they are no longer that class: or even *a* class. I believe that the councils he speaks of are not "workers councils," but rather "general assemblies". Thus the emphasis on students, but then through them to families and communities. The reins they must seize go beyond the mere machinery of production, reaching out into all aspects of the culture.
Bruno Della Motta says
Some guy (I can't remember who, but I think was the "I'm commier than thou" guy) said Lukács first name was Gregory, but it was actually Georg (Gregory is not even Hungarian; the equivalent is Gergely).
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