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Home / NES / Wai Wai World 2
Wai Wai World 2
import, Konami, platformer, shooter, Wai Wai World 2
Konami's Wai Wai World was one of the most interesting imports that never made it to the US. As a crossover starring their most famous intellectual properties it had many good ideas buried under some slight missteps. Though flawed it was still a solid game with fantastic graphics. Wai Wai World 2 came three years later and completely tossed aside everything that made its prequel unique. But in its place is a more focused quest that is truly excellent and, thanks to the work of fan translators can be enjoyed by everyone (not that it was necessary).
Wai Wai land is finally at peace after the brave Konami heroes saved the world. One day however the evil sorcerer Warumon steals the Parsley Castle along with the Princess Herb. Dr. Cinnamon escapes and does his best Dr. Light impression and creates an android named Rikkuru, who can transform into several Konami characters, to save the day.
With Rikkuru as the protagonist the Konami twins are relegated to a cameo role. Rikkuru is a far more capable protagonist since his default attack is a mid-range sonic boom. Along with his double jump there is very little that he isn't equipped to handle. There are very few power-ups to pick up, one for invincibility, extra power bombs, and health kits. The most important are the C icons that will allow you to transform into one of your chosen heroes.
Unlike the first game the selection of heroes has been cut down to just five: Simon Belmont from Castlevania, Goemon from Ganbare Goemon, Bill Raizer from Contra, Fuma from Getsu Fūma Den, and newcomer Upa from Bio Miracle Bokutte Upa. The returning heroes are mostly unchanged with the exception of Goemon, whose pipe now functions as a boomerang. Upa is a baby whose rattle transforms enemies into clouds that can be ridden but suffers from short range. Bill is possibly the all around best character as he can shoot in four directions which breaks the game.
You have a choice of 4 groupings of three characters that you're stuck with until the end. Curiously Upa is featured in three of them which sucks as he is the worst character. He has the shortest range and riding clouds isn't as useful as you would think. Personally my go to team would have been Goemon, Simon, and Bill but alas, I have to work with what I'm given. You can't freely change whenever you want; whenever you collect the C power-up it cycles between your chosen trio until you hit Up + A . The transformation lasts sixty seconds and you are functionally invincible, with any hits taken subtracting five seconds from the clock. It comes around often enough that if you choose you can stay changed indefinitely. It's different but the restrictions imposed make sense and are so trivial that they don't even matter.
The Metroid style adventure element of the original is gone and in its place is a straightforward platformer. While I do miss the freedom to futz around in the levels as I please the move to a dedicated action game has certainly done wonders for the game's action. You won't get that impression from the game's first level though as it is an overly long forward scrolling stage that will at least introduce you to the game's mechanics. After this initial stage however it picks up considerably and at various points you are given a choice between two stages with wildly different gameplay styles. As far as variety this might even have the original beat despite featuring less characters.
Each subsequent level after the first is a trip down memory lane as they revisit popular levels from each protagonist's respective series. The familiar jungle from Contra makes an appearance as well as Dracula's castle, an Edo era village, a land made of candy (from Bio Miracle Upa) and Hell itself. Some of these references are lost on US gamers as those games never made it to our shores but they can be enjoyed just as easily as the rest. What makes these tributes/mashups work so well is that they're still just as fun regardless of the hero you've currently chosen. Can you imagine trying to play Super Mario Brothers using Simon Belmont as he is in Castlevania? Yeah.
Stages 3 and 6 are both different from the rest in that you have a choice at both points. Both levels are homages to Twinbee and while I'm not too fond of most of the games in that series it's actually a pretty nice recreation of that game's action. Stage six offers you a choice between a weird ass sliding puzzle and a terrible bump n jump clone. It's the only weak level in the game and unfortunately you can waste a good number of lives on either one. Stage 8 is a send up of Parodius except you control the Vic Viper, not that it's too far-fetched.
The original Wai Wai World was unfairly difficult due to some bad design decisions and it is apparent Konami set out to rectify that. This is a far more balanced game but I think they leaned a bit too far left as it is very easy to cheese your way through the entire game outside of its shooter segments. Since you are technically invincible when transformed you can keep another roulette going to change once again as soon as your current one ends. Certain heroes are literally game breaking; Bill Raizer and his ability to shoot in four directions makes most boss encounters trivial. Watch as the final boss goes down in less than 15 seconds without needing to move around.
As much as I liked the graphics in the original Wai Wai World I think the sequel is even better. All of the sprites are larger and have been stylized for a more uniform look and the consistency elevates the game tremendously. The backgrounds are insanely detailed and extremely colorful and yet somehow maintain a serious tone. The music is also better with cleverly remixed tunes from each game it draws from alongside nicely composed original selections.
Any way you slice it Wai Wai World 2 is a much better and more focused game than its prequel. Aside from its ease it is easily one of the best action games for the platform and very easy to muddle through without knowledge of Japanese.
Previous post: Silver Surfer
Next post: Streets of Rage 3

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Q: Commas with quotes I read the following sentence1:

He rallied the Senate with the plea, "It's time to change the Senate before this institution becomes obsolete."

I'm wondering whether a comma should be placed after plea, before the quotation that follows.
This question is not a duplicate.

*

*Originally uttered by Senator Harry Reid, U.S. Senate Majority Leader, as reported by the Associated Press in many newspapers on November 13th, 2013.

A: Sometimes, but not always, there is a comma before a quote, as you have indicated. However, it's a matter of style and not a rule.
Grammar Monster advocates for the comma before the quote, but issues this tip:

**IT'S NOT A HARD AND FAST RULE:
The majority of people do not adhere to the guidelines regarding the use of commas and colons with quotations. Nowadays, it is acceptable to introduce a quotation with a comma, a colon or nothing. In modern writing, the choice of punctuation depends largely on the desired flow of the text (i.e., how much the writer wants the reader to pause).

Perdue Online, AP guide, and Grammar Book are in favor of the comma before the quote.
I wish I could tell you which do not require it, (I believe Grammar Girl and others do not) but I can't dig them up just this moment.

A: I would agree with most of what has been said, except, if you plan to submit any writing for publication, I suggest you use the comma, and use it before the quotation marks to introduce a quote. If the comma was not in the quoted sentence, do not put it in because it would be altering a quote. This is what editors expect, and may disqualify a work if commas are used incorrectly throughout a piece of writing. If it is for a college paper, definitely use the comma where you found it above, not any other form unless instructed by the professor.

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A subscription box that sends all natural, cruelty-free beauty products and cosmetics to your door every month.
Save 50% on your first box with coupon code GLOW.
The Orglamix Beauty Box is a subscription box that sends all natural, cruelty-free beauty products and cosmetics to your door every month.


The 2019 Kia Sorento. Under the hood you'll find a 6 cylinder engine with more than 270 horsepower, providing a spirited, yet composed ride and drive. It includes heated seats, front and rear reading lights, variably intermittent wipers, power front seats, turn signal indicator mirrors, a power liftgate, an overhead console, and a blind spot monitoring system. Features such as automatic climate control and leather upholstery prove that economical transportation does not need to be sparsely equipped. Third row seats provide an even greater maximum passenger capacity. For drivers who enjoy the natural environment, a power moon roof allows an infusion of fresh air. Audio features include an AM/FM radio, steering wheel mounted audio controls, and 10 speakers, providing excellent sound throughout the cabin. Kia also prioritized safety and security by including: head curtain airbags, front side impact airbags, traction control, brake assist, ignition disabling, an emergency communication system, and 4 wheel disc brakes with ABS. Electronic stability control stands out as a technologically savvy innovation, keeping you better connected to the road. We pride ourselves in consistently exceeding our customer's expectations. Please don't hesitate to give us a call.


Annealing of glass is a process of slowly cooling hot glass objects after they have been formed, to relieve residual internal stresses introduced during manufacture. Especially for smaller, simpler objects, annealing may be incidental to the process of manufacture, but in larger or more complex products it commonly demands a special process of annealing in a temperature-controlled kiln known as a lehr. Annealing of glass is critical to its durability. Glass that has not been properly annealed retains thermal stresses caused by quenching, which indefinitely decrease the strength and reliability of the product. Inadequately annealed glass is likely to crack or shatter when subjected to relatively small temperature changes or to mechanical shock or stress. It even may fail spontaneously.
To anneal glass, it is necessary to heat it to its annealing temperature, at which its viscosity, η, drops to 1013 Poise ("Poise" is a measure of absolute viscosity; 1 poise = 1 dyne-second/cm²). For most kinds of glass, this annealing temperature is in the range of 454–482 °C (850–900 °F), and is the so-called stress-relief point or annealing point of the glass. At such a viscosity, the glass is still too hard for significant external deformation without breaking, but it is soft enough to relax internal strains by microscopic flow in response to the intense stresses they introduce internally. The piece then heat-soaks until its temperature is even throughout and the stress relaxation is adequate. The time necessary for this step varies depending on the type of glass and its maximum thickness. The glass then is permitted to cool at a predetermined rate until its temperature passes the strain point (η = 1014.5 Poise), below which even microscopic internal flow effectively stops and annealing stops with it. It then is safe to cool the product to room temperature at a rate limited by the heat capacity, thickness, thermal conductivity, and thermal expansion coefficient of the glass. After annealing is complete the material can be cut to size, drilled, or polished without risk of its internal stresses shattering it.
At the annealing point (η = 1013 Poise), stresses relax within several minutes, while at the strain point (η = 1014.5 Poise) stresses relax within several hours. Stresses acquired at temperatures above the strain point, and not relaxed by annealing, remain in the glass indefinitely and may cause either short-term or much delayed failure. Stresses resulting from cooling too rapidly below the strain point largely are considered temporary, although they may be adequate to promote short-term failure.


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About MTO
Public Achievement (PA)
Study Tours to Poland
Global Education/Development Education
Everyday Law or "Dura Lex, sed Lex"
Academy for Young Social Entrepreneurs (AYSE)
SPLOT – The Independent Middle and High School of Nowy Sacz
Roma Programs
Jewish Programs
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Public Achievement (PA), www.paunite.org
Public Achievement (PA) is the name of a program which in a very practical and natural way makes young people active and helps them to become social entrepreneurs and responsible citizens. In PA people of all ages learn the skills of public life, and discover how, with democracy, ordinary people have the power to do extraordinary things. With the decision to take action and work with others, it is possible to have real, important and lasting impact.
Read more: Public Achievement (PA)
Village Schools Can, 2010
This project served to introduce the PA program to middle schools in the Malopolska Province. The program uses interactive methods to deepen students' educational experiences, prepare them for active participation in public life and help them become socially responsible.
Read more: Village Schools Can, 2010
PA in Georgia, 2009
The goal of this project was to foster local entrepreneurship amongst IDPs from Abkhazia and South Ossetia who find themselves living in other parts of Georgia as a result of the previous and recent conflicts. They are still in shock, having left everything they owned behind and are having to start their lives completely anew in very difficult conditions (limited access to water, lack of sewerage systems, overwhelming unemployment and an uncertain future). It is essential that they learn how to independently begin to tackle their own problems instead of waiting passively for outside help. We worked towards this goal in cooperation with our Georgian partner, IDPWA "Consent" in the following activities:
Read more: PA in Georgia, 2009
Fostering Youth and Community Activism in Azerbaijan, Georgia and Ukraine, 2010
This project, begun in 2009, focused on three countries which are in varying stages of transition and crisis. Ukraine continues to struggle with its economic crisis. Georgia is still suffering the effects of the 2008 armed conflict with Russia and political instability at home. The plight of the IDPs remains overwhelming in such a small country. The situation in Azerbaijan remains much the same with no major changes in the severe regime's policy towards its own citizens (the repression of journalists and activists) and restrictions on NGOs, nor towards the limbo in Nagorna Karabagh. The final phase of the project was devoted to monitoring Public Achievement (PA) activities both in-person (in Ukraine) and on-line. It also included PA training for experienced mentors from Georgia and Azerbaijan.
Read more: Fostering Youth and Community Activism in Azerbaijan, Georgia and Ukraine, 2010
PA in Visegrad Countries, 2008-2009
The goal of the project was to assist in the development of democratic practices at the grassroots level in the Visegrad countries. We strongly feel that Public Achievement (PA) is one of the most effective ways of enabling young people to be active citizens and to take responsibility for solving problems that are of importance to them. As a result of this project PA was implemented in 18 schools or communities in Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic and Hungary. The project began in April 2008 and lasts until March 2009.
Read more: PA in Visegrad Countries, 2008-2009
PA in Azerbaijan, 2008
Public Achievement Groups Unite!, 2006-2007
PA in Ukraine, 2006 - 2007
PA in the Balkans, 2005
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Bon Iver has been teasing us with this album for far too long, releasing three captivating singles along the way. With his first full length in five years, Bon Iver's 22, A Million proves to be his most experimental and electronic album yet. While not completely abandoning his classic ambient sound, Justin Vernon instead takes that sound and amplifies it, creating a colorful explosion, far beyond anything he has ever done before.
"715 – CR∑∑KS" mirrors a track off Bon Iver's Blood Bank EP, "Woods," a track that has been sampled countless times by other artists, including Kanye West. 22, A Million itself is packed with samples from artists like Sharon Van Etten, Fionn Regan and Mahalia Jackson, each taken with utmost taste and proper placement.
Exquisite songwriting, carried by even better production, makes this album contain some of the best music 2016 has heard so far (if not the best). "29 #Strafford APTS" showcases intricate violin and a deep bass line alongside an incredibly beautiful, almost stomach churning falsetto in the varying chorus, "I hold the note you wrote and know you've buried all your alimony butterflies, some find, some night." The track "10 d E A T h b R E a s T ⚄ ⚄" features booming percussion, leading up to an eruption of horns and synthesizer that you can truly feel, internalized within bodily functions that surpass a typical heartbeat.
While the build within these tracks is absolutely insane, that doesn't mean 22 A, Million is ever overpowering or too much. It's very affable to get on board with this album. In fact, combining easy listening with powerful concepts is they key to this album being so outstanding. The sheer demand within each instrument is truly remarkable. On paper, it sounds like a big giant mess, but between that sweet, sweet sax, plucking banjo and synthesized percussion, Justin Vernon compiled an absolute masterpiece, stretching from cover to cover.
Justin Vernon took a risk on 22, A Million. That risk took him from being arguably boring and unchanging to one of the best artists in the game. 20 years from now, 22, A Million is going to be the album that Justin Vernon has to show for his career. It's not only going to be everybody's favorite, it's going to undoubtedly be the best.


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By Kimberley Chia Yan Min News, News and Features, President's Corner February 28, 2019
President's Corner: 2/27/19
Dear Wellesley,
This week's President's Corner will be dedicated to giving a quick explanation of College Government's renewed fervor in putting forth structural and constitutional changes this year. I understand that many of these changes appear to take College Government (CG) in an inward-facing direction rather than the outward-facing programming that previous CGs have focused on, and that the change of pace is confusing to some. I hope that this column will provide a good sense of why these changes are being put forth, why now, and how it fits into CG's overall vision.
The changes that members of College Government Cabinet have put forth this year aim to address one of the following issues:
Address current challenges students face when interacting with CG-related policies and structures (e.g. we have streamlined multiple SOFC deadlines into one annual deadline).
Gain a better sense of present conditions within the student body and provide targeted support (e.g. the new student organizations recognition model will allow us to accurately determine the number of student organizations on campus and allow us to know what sort of resources organizations need).
Review and update documents to better reflect CG's current conditions and aspirational goals (e.g. changing the composition of Elections Committee, updating the Honor Code Council constitution, putting in place Senate community norms).
Reform CG's organizational structures to more effectively support students and give students a greater voice in decision-making (e.g. creating an ad-hoc Demonstration Policy committee that includes students-at-large, creating new Cabinet positions to better distribute responsibilities and create opportunities for student support).
Many of these changes are also motivated by an active reckoning with our past. We are doing things that should have really been done regularly, i.e. updating and reviewing our policies in a consistent fashion and seeing if our current organizational structure is holding us back rather than propelling us forward. That is not to say that previous CGs are wrong to not have done so, or that we have completely abandoned our desire to organize programs that cultivate student community — it is just that members of this year's College Government Cabinet have also made strengthening internal organizational governance a key priority this year.
As for the speed at which such changes are happening: the time is now.
With regards to the most recent Cabinet restructuring proposal put up in Senate last week that aims to create new Cabinet positions and committees, there really is no time for the stars to be in perfect alignment before making such a move — but even so, some stars are in alignment. As previously stated, the provision of a leadership stipend to Cabinet members next year has created more thoughtfulness about the role and responsibilities of Cabinet members. With all the changes SOFC and SOAC have made, the time is right to be rethinking how we can better support and see through such changes, as well as continue to multiply the impact that we can make together with the student community.
Yes, attempting to create new Cabinet positions so close to Elections is potentially destabilizing from an organization perspective with CG. Some may call it a risky move. But these changes are not capricious flights of fancy — they are thoughtful responses to age-old institutional challenges that CG committees and Cabinet members have faced. At its core, it contains a heartfelt desire to really support students at Wellesley in ways that we cannot do in our existing form. We are putting forward a proposal that we know will not bear fruit immediately, but of which we hope future generations of Wellesley students will reap the benefits.
As with all things leadership that requires incredible doses of faith, I do believe that these changes will help CG live out what it is meant to do: foster an active student community, represent students' voices effectively and serve students with strong love. And I trust that the stars will always be in alignment for that.
Previous articleOutside the Bubble: 2/27/19
Next articleHorton announces changes to Immigration Working Group in response to Federal policy


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Farid Ahmad was a Bengali Pakistani politician, lawyer, and vice-president of Pakistan Democratic Party.

Early life
Ahmad was born on 3 January 1923 in Rashid Nagar, Ramu Upazila, Cox's Bazar District, East Bengal, British Raj. He completed his Matriculation from Cox's Bazar Government High School. He finished his I.A. from Chittagong Government College. In 1945 he graduated with B.A. in English language from the University of Dhaka. He completed his M.A. from the University of Dhaka in 1946. In 1947 he completed his LLB degree.

Career
Ahmad was elected vice-president of Dhaka University Central Student Union. In 1952 he joined the Nizam-e-Islam Party. In 1954 he was elected to the East Bengal Provincial Assembly and in 1955 he was elected to the Pakistan Constituent Assembly. From 1954 to 1969 he was the general secretary of the Nizam-e-Islam Party. He served as the chief whip of the East Bengal Provincial Assembly. He served in the cabinet of Ismail Ibrahim Chundrigar as the Minister of Labour. In 1962 he was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan. He served as the chairman of Public Accounts Committee in the National Assembly till 1965. In 1964 he was elected chairman of Combined Opposition Party in East Pakistan. He was reelected to the Pakistan National Assembly in 1965.

In 1965 Ahmad wrote a book on Muhammad Ali, titled Muhammad Ali Clay. He was the advisory editor of Prithibi, a monthly magazine. In 1967, he joined the Pakistan Democratic Movement and campaigned against President Ayub Khan. During February 1969 to March 1969 he attended the Round Table Conference by Ayub Khan as the representative of the Nizam-e-Islam Party. He was elected the vice-president of Pakistan Democratic Party in 1969. In 1971 he represented Pakistan at the Afro-Asian People's Solidarity Organisation in Damascus, Syria. He served as the managing editor of The Daily Najat.  He lost his seat in the 1970 General Election of Pakistan. He supported Pakistan during Bangladesh Liberation war. On 10 April 1971, he helped form the East Pakistan Central Peace Committee in Dhaka and was a founding member of the committee. He served as the president of East Pakistan Peace and Welfare Council. He was an adviser to the paramilitary Razakar Bahini.

Death
Ahmad was killed on 23 December 1971, after the independence of Bangladesh, by Mukti Bahini members.

References

1923 births
1971 deaths
People from Cox's Bazar District
Federal ministers of Pakistan
Chittagong College alumni
University of Dhaka alumni
Nizam-e-Islam Party politicians
Pakistani MNAs 1955–1958
Pakistani MNAs 1962–1965
Pakistani MNAs 1965–1969

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Fashion Feng Shui for Life
Real-World Solutions for Finding Fulfillment and Prosperity
Else Gammelgaard Madsen, FFSM
Fashion Feng Shui® Master Facilitator, Business and Image Management Coach
At the heart of my own values is the importance of people.
www.full-circle-image.dk
www.nytimage.dk
www.imagemanagement.dk
Else Gammelgaard Madsen thrives on getting people to communicate more effectively and to understand themselves and others. She helps them tackle their most pressing challenges in business and life. Her passion lies in Fashion Feng Shui® and coaching and image management, where she is known for a holistic, positive and appreciative approach as well as her ability to inspire, excite and engage people.
Else founded her image management business in 1993. In 1994, she trained as a facilitator for Nyt Image, a Norwegian concept combining color, style, image, makeup, skincare and nail care with positive thinking and diet change. Else became Nyt Image's country manager and owner in Denmark, where she has trained 25 facilitators and helped thousands of women become more confident, positive, stylish, colorful and fit.
In 2006, seeking more knowledge in color and style techniques and wanting to bring her business to a new level, Else went to the UK to train with Style Directions. After four years of studies, she successfully completed the ICC International Coaching Certification Training and her education as a stress management consultant, an integration consultant and a licensed consultant for Insights Discovery in Denmark. She also trained as a facilitator in personal accountability with QBQ in the US and was awarded a Postgraduate Certificate in Coaching and Development at the University of Portsmouth in 2010. This led her to hold jobs as a facilitator, a coach, a manager, a leadership consultant, a mentor and an appointed external examiner in coaching, conflict management and general management.
During her studies, Else felt that something was missing. She found her shelf full of books about Feng Shui and one day the missing link became clear in a newsletter from Danish Feng Shui guru Ranvita La Cour. The newsletter mentioned Fashion Feng Shui® as something new and innovative. Else was inspired by what she read. By 2008, she was receiving training by Evana Maggiore in Vienna. In 2010, she became certified as Fashion Feng Shui® Master Facilitator for Scandinavia.
Besides Fashion Feng Shui®, Else specializes in professional image management, webinars and e-learning programs in color, style, positive thinking, diet change, solution-focused coaching and emotional intelligence. She holds motivational workshops in personal development, customer service, sales effectiveness, appreciative inquiry and personal accountability.
Copyright © 2017 Fashion Feng Shui International. All rights reserved.


Twice a Month 1st and 3rd Fridays!
Karaoke Potluck 1st and 3rd Friday's of every month. Don't make plans because you don't want to miss out. Starts at 5:00pm and doesn't stop until 9:00pm. Please bring a dish that will feed a lot, remember this is a potluck.
Bring your dancing shoes and your singing voice. Pattie and Dale love to see everyone dancing, singing, and having a good time. Hope to see you all out there.


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L'école de commerce estonienne (en , sigle EBS) est une université privée basée à Tallinn, en Estonie.

Présentation
L'Estonian Business School est la plus ancienne université privée des pays baltes et propose un enseignement commercial en anglais.

Environ 1 500 étudiants étudient actuellement à l'EBS et l'école a des partenariats avec plus de 70 universités en Europe, en Amérique, en Australie et en Asie.

Tous les programmes de licence, de master et de doctorat d'EBS sont accrédités par le Ministère de l'Éducation et la Recherche d'Estonie.
EBS est accréditée au niveau international par la Central and East Europe Management Development Association (CEEMAN).

Classement
Dans la liste Eduniversal, l'Estonian Business School a été classée depuis 2016 dans le groupe de quatre palmiers (sur une échelle de 1 à 5), ce qui signifie qu'elle est classée parmi les 300 meilleures écoles de commerce au monde, et qu'elle a «un impact international significatif».

EBS Tallinn
Les études se concentrent sur le commerce international.
Il est possible d'étudier en estonien et en anglais.
L'EBS propose un enseignement en présentiel à temps plein et un enseignement à distance.

EBS d'Helsinki
Depuis 2011, EBS a un établissement à Helsinki en Finlande.
Les installations d'EBS sont situées sur le campus moderne de Technopolis a Ruoholahti.

Références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Liste des universités en Estonie

Liens externes

Enseignement supérieur en Estonie
Établissement scolaire fondé en 1988
École à Tallinn


text:
Whose knowledge?: Science education, Indigenous knowledges and teacher praxis
Desmarchelier, Renee (2016) Whose knowledge?: Science education, Indigenous knowledges and teacher praxis. [Thesis (PhD/Research)]
Text (Whole Thesis)
12 MayDesmarchelier final phd.pdf
This study investigated how a group of secondary school science teachers considered the implementation of a Cross-Curriculum Priority that mandated the inclusion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander histories and cultures in all learning areas. The inclusion of Indigenous content and perspectives, as a way of promoting intercultural understanding, has been advocated in the Australian context for some time. However, classroom implementation has been lacking with teachers feeling unsure about how to satisfy these curriculum initiatives.
With the introduction of the new (national) Australian Curriculum such content and perspectives were mandated. This context enabled an exploration of science teachers' responses to the Cross-Curriculum Priority as they attempted to translate the intent of the curriculum into classroom practice.
The investigation took place through a collaborative and collegial approach using Participatory Action Research. A group of five teachers from different schools proceeded through cycles of inquiry, action and reflection framed by the curriculum requirements. Across the participant group these cycles operated asynchronously as the individual teacher participants had to negotiate their schooling contexts while still being guided by group participation. The teacher participants' needs and perspectives directed the topics of discussion and progress of the cycles. Advice and guidance around cultural sensitivities inherent in the research were given by three Critical Friends of the project, who all self-identified as Aboriginal people. A bricolage approach was taken to data collection allowing the capture of the experiences of the participants through
interviews, group meetings, one-on-one discussions with the researcher, documentary analysis and observation of classroom activities. Data were analysed using a critical theory and pedagogy lens.
The study showed that teachers approached the Cross-Curriculum Priority with a hope that it would lead to socially just learning opportunities for both
Indigenous and non-Indigenous students. Teacher participants took different approaches to implementing lessons in the science classroom and not all of them
implemented classroom activities with Indigenous content or perspectives. The study found that the approach and classroom implementation taken by teachers are related to their epistemological, pedagogical and political positioning. The neo-liberal context of the Australian schooling system was also found to confine and constrain teachers' efforts in classroom implementation. The study
recommends that all of these interconnected factors need to be considered in understanding how teachers engage with such a curriculum innovation. The findings of this study will assist in moving beyond the rhetoric around such
curriculum initiatives towards practical implementation of science education inclusive of Indigenous knowledges and perspectives in classrooms.
Thesis (PhD/Research)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) thesis.
Historic - Faculty of Business, Education, Law and Arts - School of Teacher Education and Early Childhood (1 Jul 2013 - 30 Jun 2019)
Henderson, Robyn; Abawi, Lindy
secondary school; teachers; Indigenous content; intercultural understanding; Cross-Curriculum Priority
13 Education > 1302 Curriculum and Pedagogy > 130299 Curriculum and Pedagogy not elsewhere classified
13 Education > 1303 Specialist Studies in Education > 130301 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education
45 INDIGENOUS STUDIES > 4502 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander education > 450299 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander education not elsewhere classified


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L'Union Nationale pour l'indépendance et la révolution ou UNIR était un parti politique tchadien entre  et . Le parti fut interdit six ans plus tard par Idriss Déby (1990-2021) lorsqu'il prit le pouvoir en renversant Habré.

Notes et références

Parti politique fondé en 1984
Parti politique disparu en 1990
Parti politique au Tchad


Gajah is the bi-annual journal of the IUCN/SSC Asian Elephant Specialist Group (AsESG). The journal is intended as a medium of communication on issues that concern the management and conservation of Asian Elephants both in the wild and in captivity. It is a means by which members of the AsESG and others can communicate their experiences, ideas, and perceptions freely, so that the conservation of Asian Elephants can benefit. All articles published in Gajah reflect the individual views of the authors and not necessarily those of the editorial board, the AsESG, the Species Survival Commission, or IUCN.


West Virginia split from Virginia during the Civil War after the larger state had seceded from the union. The breakaway counties of the state were officially recognized by the U.S. government as a state in 1863.
North and South Dakota, however, were never part of the same state. Maine was part of Massachusetts until 1820, when it was admitted to the union as part of the famous Missouri Compromise.
If California voters were to decide to split the state in two -- which is widely perceived as unlikely -- that might help persuade Republicans to give residents of the District of Columbia full constitutional rights as a state. At present, the nation's capital has one member of the House of Representatives who can only vote on committee or procedural matters, but no representation in the U.S. Senate.


What is the term referring to drawing with light, short strokes?
What line represents the cultural border between the North and South United States?
Welcher Muskel hilft dabei, das Kniegelenk beugen zu können?
How many Latin Americans have won the Roland Garros in singles?
Wie heißt ein großes Reitturnier in Aachen?
Question: What musical instrument does the company Gibson make?
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Does your Motorcycle Light fail to work? Are you in search of a high-quality one for your Motorcycle? Here you can find a durable and reliable replacement. Superior quality can ensure the longevity of the product. Additionally, the affordable pricing is quite suitable for each customer who pays attention to quality.


This is a big free download, but the program lets you access LANDSAT, radar topographic, and satellite info to construct false 3-D views of any place on earth. The data quality is better in some areas than others. In some places you can actually zoom in to the level of seeing individual cars in parking lots.
I have only played with it a little bit due to not having the time, but it seems to be a very powerful and useful tool. And it's free :) It seems like it may offer a more visually effective way of getting a sense of what some mountains look like, than merely looking at contours on a map. It may also be useful for looking for ways through crevasse fields when planning ski traverses.
Yup, it's a killer application. Thanks to the American taxpayer for the gift.
A quick caution on using World Wind for trip planning though. The application uses a variety of data from a number of sources in order to construct it's 3D views. In no way can you guarantee that those data sources are coordinated in terms of time, or in fact are even equally out-of-date. It's conceivable and even likely, that the "car in the parking lot" was not photographed by the same satellite, or even anywhere near the same time as the data that indicates the contours around that same parking lot.
If you use World Wind for DETAILED trip planning, you could be looking at last year's crevasse pattern in the ice fall of the Wedge Glacier, rather than last weekend's. In fact the photo of the ice fall may not even match the underlying contours! This is obviously an issue when looking at things that change fairly rapidly. These days that means snowcover, glaciation, logging and logging roads etc.
The World Wind website is very good about telling you where, when and how the data is gathered and correlated. That said, with a little caution this is a great tool (and a great toy).
#444 - 2005.03.21 Matt Gunn - Wow!
Thanks for the link drew. This program is amazing. The capability to "fly through" terrain is very good. It's a very nice way to see what a region would like from a plane. Mountains, lakes and location can be portrayed in 3D and are totally recognizable. I was able to easily recognize areas in the Coast, Columbias and Guatemala in the space of a few minutes. I think this is the coolest thing i have ever seen on the web.


text:
Beverly Crusher est un personnage de l'univers de fiction de Star Trek, et plus particulièrement de la série Star Trek : La Nouvelle Génération, interprété par l'actrice Gates McFadden. On la retrouve également dans les films Générations, Premier Contact, Insurrection et Nemesis.

Biographie

Beverly Cheryl Crusher (née Howard) est une Humaine venue au monde sur la Lune, à Copernicus City, en 2324. Elle est la fille de Paul et d'Isabel Howard qui meurent alors qu'elle est encore enfant. Après leur disparition, la fillette est recueillie sur Arvada II par Felissa Howard, sa grand-mère paternelle. À son contact, Beverly se passionne dès son plus jeune âge pour les pouvoirs de guérison détenus par la nature qui l'entoure et elle décide très tôt de s'orienter vers la médecine. Ses prédispositions scientifiques n'excluent cependant pas chez elle un profond sens artistique. Férue de théâtre (de l'écriture à la mise en scène), elle pratique également la danse avec un indéniable talent.

Durant les années 2330, la colonie terrienne d'Arvada II est frappée par un terrible désastre auquel Beverly et sa grand-mère survivent tout en soignant les autres rescapés. Les deux femmes se rendent ensuite sur la planète Caldos II où elles s'installent parmi des colons qui ont choisi de faire de ce monde une réplique de l'Écosse en hommage à leurs ancêtres Terriens. Felissa Howard y fait à la fois office d'herboriste et d'homéopathe jusqu'à sa mort en 2370, à l'âge de 100 ans.

En 2342, Beverly Howard décide de suivre des études médicales. Elle les interrompt cependant en 2348 pour épouser un jeune officier de Starfleet du nom de Jack Crusher et donne naissance l'année suivante à leur fils Wesley. En 2352, elle s'établit provisoirement sur Delos IV afin d'y poursuivre son internat sous la tutelle du docteur Dalen Quaice.

La disparition brutale de son époux, qui meurt en mission au cours de l'année 2354 alors qu'il servait à bord du  sous les ordres de Jean-Luc Picard, n'empêche pas la jeune femme de poursuivre sa carrière. Diplômée de l'Université de Saint-Louis et du Département Médical de l'Académie de Starfleet, elle devient en effet médecin en même temps que commandeur de la flotte puis se voit confier les fonctions d'officier médical en chef (C.M.O.) à bord de l'Enterprise-D à la fin de l'année 2363. En 2364, accompagnée de son fils, elle rejoint donc le navire auquel on vient de l'affecter. Elle retrouve alors le capitaine Picard sous les ordres duquel elle sert une année entière avant d'accepter en 2365 le poste de directrice du Département Médical de Starfleet.

Beverly Crusher quitte donc temporairement un poste pour lequel elle est immédiatement remplacée par le docteur Katherine Pulaski.

En 2366, la mère du jeune Wesley Crusher (qui est pour sa part resté à bord de l'Enterprise) choisit toutefois d'abandonner ses responsabilités bureaucratiques et retrouve son ancien poste au sein de l'équipage commandé par Jean-Luc Picard. Elle s'y illustre au cours des six années qui suivent par ses capacités professionnelles et par ses indéniables qualités humaines, une dernière fois mises au service des occupants de l'Enterprise D lorsque la soucoupe du vaisseau s'écrase à la surface de la planète Véridian III en 2371.

Beverly Crusher devient très logiquement officier médical en chef du tout nouvel Enterprise-E. En 2373, elle parvient notamment à évacuer l'infirmerie de ce vaisseau devant l'avancée des Borgs qui s'y sont introduits.

Elle œuvre toujours à bord du même bâtiment lorsque celui-ci se rend sur la planète Ba'ku en 2375 afin d'y retrouver Data (qui semble ne pas avoir révélé sans raison la présence des observateurs de Starfleet installés sur place). À l'instar des autres officiers supérieurs du navire, le docteur Crusher prend alors le parti du capitaine Picard contre l'amiral Dougherty et s'investit totalement dans le sauvetage du peuple Ba'ku, injustement menacé de déportation par les Son'a qui souhaitent s'approprier la source d'une éternelle jeunesse dont ils sont éperdument jaloux.

En 2379, elle assiste au mariage de ses amis William T. Riker et Deanna Troi, participe à l'affrontement entre Picard et Shinzon et reste fidèle à l'Enterprise au terme de cette mission.

Sur le plan personnel, ni la brillante carrière ni le veuvage de Beverly Crusher ne lui interdisent d'éprouver des sentiments envers certains des hommes qui l'entourent. En 2366, elle est ainsi fortement attirée par le Zalconien qu'elle a surnommé « John Doe » mais voit cette relation interrompue par l'évolution de son protégé vers une autre forme de vie. L'année suivante, elle s'éprend de l'ambassadeur Odan, un Trill voyageant à bord de l'Enterprise en qualité de négociateur, mais ses sentiments ne survivent pas au changement d'hôte du symbiote jusqu'alors porté par le diplomate.  En effet, Odan est alors accueilli par un hôte féminin, après avoir transité par le corps de William Riker. En 2370, inévitablement séduite par « Ronin » (l'entité anaphasique qui hante les femmes de sa famille depuis de nombreuses générations) sur Caldos II, Beverly parvient finalement à s'arracher à l'emprise de son tentateur qu'elle élimine aussitôt. Outre ces différentes liaisons, le docteur Crusher éprouve enfin une immense tendresse envers Jean-Luc Picard (et va jusqu'à devenir son épouse avant que le couple ne divorce dans le futur possible suggéré au capitaine de l'Enterprise-D par Q à la date stellaire 47988.0).

Voir aussi

Liens externes
  Biographie de Beverly Crusher sur le site officiel de Star Trek

Personnage de Star Trek : La Nouvelle Génération
Médecin de fiction
Personnage des films de Star Trek
Officier de Starfleet
Personnage de fiction féminin
Personnage de fiction créé en 1987


text:
Ann Arbor Scavenger Hunt: Ann Arbor Adventure.
Explore Michigan's most charming city and learn a thing or two at the state university on this loop around Ann Arbor! Tourist, local, or new to town, this is a lively small group activity that anyone can enjoy. Lace up your walking shoes and get ready to experience the city like you never have before. Snap pics, race against the clock, and put your navigation skills to the test as you wander at your own pace. No reservations, no tour guides, and fun for all ages.
Let's Roam Scavenger Hunts, 313 E Huron St, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA. $11. support@letsroam.com https://www.letsroam.com/scavenger_hunt/Ann_Arbor_Scavenger_Hunt?utm_source=partner&utm_medium=annarborobv [map]
Zumba: Jewish Community Center.
Every Mon., Wed., & Fri., except Oct. 21., through Dec. 20Local dance instructor Karen Silverman leads this high intensity, low-impact aerobic dance workout.
JCC, 2935 Birch Hollow Dr. $5 (students, free). 971-0990. [map]
"Memory Matters Symposium": Michigan Alzheimer's Disease Center/StoryPoint Senior Living.
Daylong series of talks on dementia, highlighted by a keynote address by Amanda Bulgarelli, a representative from Positive Approach to Care, an organization that educates caregivers on compassionate techniques for dealing with dementia patients.
9 a.m.-3 p.m., Kensington Hotel, 3500 S. State. Free; reservations requested at eventbrite.com. 944-6600. [map]
Art Exhibition: Blood Underwater: U-M Residential College and Arts at Michigan.
Blood Underwater is a collaborative work, which encourages deep thinking and creative expression. It provides a voice for community members and activists, especially from political, national, racial, religious and other minorities, to express their concerns about global suffering through art. Participants gather around a large canvas with paints and music and are guided through a series of artistic expressions by "artivist" Elshafei Dafalla. The purpose is to use art to protest against violence, torture, enforced disappearances and other forms of brutality.
Eishafei Dafalla received a Bachelor of Arts in Sculpture from the College of Fine and Applied Art at the University for Science and Technology in Khartoum, Sudan as well as a Diploma in Folklore from the Afro-Asian Institute at the University of Khartoum. He earned a Master of Fine Arts from the Stamps School of Art and Design at University of Michigan.
Residential College Art Gallery, 701 E University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109. Free. rc.communications@umich.edu https://lsa.umich.edu/rc/news-events/all-events.detail.html/68772-17147161.html [map]
10 & 11 a.m. and 1 & 6 p.m.
Preschool Storytimes: Ann Arbor District Library.
Every Mon.-Fri. Half hour program of stories and songs for kids ages 2-5 (with caregiver). Siblings welcome.
Mon. 11 a.m. (Westgate & Malletts Creek).
Tues., except Dec. 24, 10 a.m. (Downtown).
Wed., except Dec. 25 & Jan. 1, 10 a.m. (Malletts Creek), 11 a.m. (Downtown), 1 & 6 p.m. (Westgate).
Thurs. 7 p.m. (Pittsfield).
Fri. 10 a.m. (Westgate & Pittsfield).
Various locations, every Mon.-Fri. (see listing). Free. 327-4200.
10-11:30 a.m.
"Changes to Your Eyes with Aging": U-M Turner Senior Wellness Program.
A talk by Michigan Medicine optometrist Donna Wicker.
2401 Plymouth. Free. 998-9353. [map]
"Early Morning Ride from Ann Arbor West Side": Ann Arbor Bicycle Touring Society.
Every Wed. Moderate-paced 40-mile ride to Chelsea or Whitmore Lake and beyond.
Bird Hills Park parking lot, Newport Rd. Free. 649-9762.
"Gravel Roads Ride": Ann Arbor Bicycle Touring Society.
Every Thurs. A slow/moderate-paced ride, with destinations determined by the riders.
9 a.m.(Oct.) & 10 a.m. (Nov.), meet at Barton Park off Huron River Dr. 996-8440.
Preschool Storytimes: Chelsea District Library.
Every Wed., except June 12. Stories for kids ages 3-5 (with caregiver).
10:30-11 a.m., CDL KidSpot, 221 S. Main, Chelsea. Free. 475-8732. [map]
11 a.m
Caregiver Support Groups: Alzheimer's Association.
You're invited to join a caregiver support group in your community and talk with others who are experiencing the challenges of caring for a person living with memory loss. All groups meet monthly and are confidential, free, and open to the public. Anyone involved in caring for or loving someone with memory loss is welcome to join. Please call the chapter office if you have any questions or to confirm meeting date and location at 800-272-3900. Cancellation policy: If local adult education classes have canceled due to dangerous weather conditions, the support group will be cancelled.
Respite Available/$5.00 Optional lunch 12-1
Silver Maples, 100 Silver Maples Dr., Chelsea. Free. 800-272-3900. alz.org/mglc [map]
11 a.m.-noon
"Baby Playgroups": Ann Arbor District Library.
Every Mon-Thurs. Hour-long program for kids up to 24 months (with caregiver). No older siblings, please.
Mon. 10:30 a.m. (Downtown)
Tues., except Dec. 24, 10 a.m. (Malletts Creek)
Wed., except Dec. 25 & Jan. 1, 11 a.m. (Pittsfield)
Thurs. 2 p.m. (Westgate) & 6:30 p.m. (Malletts Creek).
Every Mon.-Fri., various locations (see listings for details). Free. 327-4200.
"Story Time": Nicola's Books.
Every Wed. Stories, songs, and crafts for preschoolers. Themes: "Pets"(Nov. 6), "Friendship" (Nov. 13), "Llama Llama" (Nov. 20), and "Thanksgiving" (Nov. 27).
Nicola's, Westgate shopping center. Free. 662-0600.
11:20 a.m.-12:30 p.m.
"1/2 Day Pizza Cafe": Saline District Library.
All teens invited for pizza and games.
SDL, 555 N. Maple, Saline. Free. 429-5450. [map]
Tina Rivers Ryan: U-M Margaret Waterman Alumnae Town Hall Celebrity Lecture Series.
Talk by this Buffalo art historian, an expert on post-1950s art.
11:30 a.m.-1:30 p.m., WCC Morris Lawrence Bldg., 4800 E. Huron River Dr. $45 (members, free). Reservations required. cliff.sheldon@gmail.com, 665-5893. [map]
Noon-3:45 p.m.
Bridge: Ann Arbor Senior Center.
Every Mon., Wed., & Thurs. All ages invited to play non-sanctioned (Mon.) & ACBL-sanctioned (Wed. & Thurs.) duplicate bridge. Bring a partner. Refreshments.
Ann Arbor Senior Center, 1320 Baldwin. $3 (members, $2) on Mon., $7 (members, $6) on Wed. & Thurs. Closed Jan. 1. 794-6250. [map]
12:30-2 p.m.
"Place That Face": Chelsea District Library.
All seniors invited to help identify faces in the collection of photos local photographer Ralph Guenther donated to the CDL when he retired.
12:30-2 p.m., Chelsea Senior Center, 512 Washington, Chelsea. Free. 475-8732. [map]
Chess: U-M Turner Senior Wellness Program.
Every Wed. All seniors invited to play chess. Refreshments.
1-4 p.m., Turner Senior Resource Center, 2401 Plymouth Rd. Closed Dec. 24-31. Free. 998-9353. [map]
"Madama Butterfly": Fathom Events.
Nov. 9, 13, & 16. Live broadcast (Nov. 9) and rebroadcast (Nov. 13 & 16) of the Metropolitan Opera production of Puccini's classic opera about the relationship between a young Japanese geisha and an American naval officer who marries her with the intention of leaving her. With vivid staging by Anthony Minghella. Stars Hui He, Andrea Caré, and Elizabeth DeShong. Italian, supertitles.
12:55 p.m. (Nov. 9 & 16) and 1 & 6:30 p.m. (Nov. 13), Quality 16 (Nov. 9 & 13), 3686 Jackson; Ann Arbor 20 (Nov. 9 & 13), 4100 Carpenter; Emagine (Nov. 9), 1335 E. Michigan Ave., Saline; and the Michigan Theater (Nov. 16). Tickets $20-$27 in advance at fathomevents.com/events (except Michigan Theater, at michtheater.org). 623-7469 (Quality 16), 973-8424 (Ann Arbor 20), 316-5500 (Emagine), 668-8397 (Michigan). [map]
Storypoint/Senior Living Communities, 6230 S. State Rd./Independent Living, Saline. Free. 800-272-3900. alz.org/mglc [map]
3:30-5 p.m.
"Dinosaur Explorer: Dino-Make Party": Chelsea District Library.
All kids in grades K-2 invited for dinosaur-themed activities, including building dino models, digging for dinos, and making dino eggs.
CDL, 221 S. Main, Chelsea. Free. 475-8732. [map]
Chanukah Sale: Women of Temple Beth Emeth Gift Shop.
The Women of Temple Beth Emeth invite you to the Chanakah Sale at our newly renovated Gift Shop.
We are the only Judaica shop in the Ann Arbor area!
During the entire month of November we are offering a 15% discount on all Chanukiahs.
Hours: Wednesdays 4:00-6:00 pm, Sundays 2:30-5:30 pm, Fridays 6:30-7:30 pm (except 4th Friday Guitar Shabbat, 5:30-6:30pm), or by appointment (call 734-665-4744). We accept cash, checks, or credit/debit cards.
Temple Beth Emeth, 2309 Packard. Free. 734-665-4744. https://wtbe.org/ [map]
4, 7, & 9:15 p.m.
The Lighthouse: Michigan Theater Foundation.
(Robert Eggers, 2019). Drama about two lighthouse keeps trying to maintain their sanity on a remote and mysterious New England island.
Tickets: $10.50 (children under 12, students with ID, seniors age 65 & older, & U.S. veterans, $8.50; MTF members, $8; weekdays before 6 p.m., $7.50). michtheater.org, 668-TIME.
"Why Witchcraft & Magic Spells Give Us All the Answers to Early Modern Russian History": U-M LS&A Inaugural Lecture.
Talk by U-M history professor Valerie Kivelson. Reception follows.
Weiser Hall 10th fl., 500 Church. Free. 615-6667. [map]
"Jay Myself": Michigan Theater.
(Stephen Wilkes, 2019). Documentary about noted artist and photographer Jay Maisel.
Michigan Theater (unless noted otherwise). $10.50 (children under 12, students with ID, seniors age 65 & older, & U.S. veterans, $8.50; MTF members, $8; weekdays before 6 p.m., $7.50). michtheater.org, 668-TIME. [map]
4:20, 7, & 9:40 p.m.
League of Women Voters Orientation: League of Women Voters of the Ann Arbor Area.
League of Women Voters 2.0: Introduction to League Basics for members and prospective members. Learn about how the League plans to be actively involved in the 2020 Census, how the League advocates for good government, how the local, state and national leagues work together, how the League got started 100 years ago, and so much more. Barb Brown will be there to greet you. Come get acquainted.
Ypsilanti District Library, 5577 Whittaker Road, Ypsilanti. Free. publicity@lwvannarbor.org lwvannarbor.org [map]
"Where's My Roy Cohn?": Michigan Theater.
(Matt Tyrnauer, 2019). Documentary about the unscrupulous lawyer and political power broker.
LEARN TO BRAID: GlamEx.
Learn to Braid event in Ann Arbor 11.3.19 $50 ticket includes instruction with your child / wine / kiddie cocktail / kid-friendly cheese board
A new concept - MOBILE SALON (express services only) called GlamEx is hosting an event: "LEARN TO BRAID" class at YORK on Nov. 13. Bring your child and practice on their hair with instructors - learn how to french braid & more. Hope to see you there!
Tickets (very limited #s) can be purchased here: https://www.toasttab.com/yorka2/v3
GlamEx will come TO YOU for kids' bday parties /events/gatherings/weddings you name it. The truck should be ready in Nov. - so if you have any gatherings coming up - please email GlamExInfo@Gmail.com. Visit the website at: BookGlamEx.com
YORK, 1928 Packard St, Ann Arbor, MI 48104. $50. 734.999.1008. glamexinfo@gmail.com https://bookglamex.com/ [map]
Better Living Fitness Center, 834B Phoenix Dr. Ann Arbor, MI 48108. $20. (734) 747-0123. office@betterlivingfitness.com betterlivingfitness.com [map]
Letterpress Open Lab: Ann Arbor District Library.
Every Wed. All invited to learn the basics of letterpress printing using vintage handset type. The program begins promptly at 6 p.m. with a safety & equipment orientation.
6 p.m. sharp, AADL Downtown Secret Lab. Free. 327-4200. [map]
Saline Woodcarvers.
Every Wed. Carvers of all abilities invited to work on projects, with help from club members. Knives and block-out & rough-cut patterns for sale.
6-8 p.m., Saline Area Senior Center, 7190 N. Maple, Saline. Free. 429-9274. [map]
6:30-8:30 or 9 p.m.
Kerrytown Crafters.
Every Wed., except Dec. 25 All crocheters, knitters, cross stitchers, hand quilters, and other handiworkers invite to work on their projects with other crafters. Questions welcome, help available.
6:30-8:30 or so, Sweetwaters in Kerrytown, 407 N. Fifth Ave. Free. Facebook.com/groups/KTCrafters. 926-8863. [map]
National Homeschool Music Ensemble: Pittsfield Union Grange.
Performance by ensemble of homeschooled area kids. The program begins with a potluck (bring a dish to pass).
6:30 p.m., Pittsfield Grange, 3337 Ann Arbor-Saline Rd. Free. 274-0773, 769-1052. [map]
The Open Organization Of Lockpickers: TOOOL-Ann Arbor Locksport.
The mission of The Open Organization Of Lockpickers is to advance the general public knowledge about locks and lockpicking. By examining locks, safes, and other such hardware and publicly discussing our findings, we hope to strip away the mystery with which so many of these products are imbued.
All are welcome. If you have any locks or tools, feel free to bring them. If not, there are plenty to go around. Meetings generally consist of people picking locks while we talk about physical or cyber security, or just about anything else.
(Second Wednesday of each month.)
Ann Arbor Locksport - https://a2-locksport.org/
Maker Works, 3765 Plaza Dr. Free. 734-222-4911. frontdesk@maker-works.com https://www.maker-works.com/events/toool-the-open-organization-of-lockpickers [map]
"Beyond Measure": Michigan Theater Foundation.
(Vicki Abeles, 2014). Documentary about a vanguard of American educators pioneering new forms of education that de-emphasize grades & test scores.
"Foster": Ann Arbor District Library.
(Deborah Oppenheimer and Mark Jonathan Harris, 2018). HBO documentary about the U.S. foster care system. Followed by a Q&A with Judson Center Washtenaw staff.
AADL Downtown multipurpose rm., FREE. 327-4200. 343 S. Fifth Ave.
"Read-Along Dog": Saline District Library.
Kids in grades 1-4 invited to read to Vedder and Summer, registered Therapaws reading dogs.
6:30-7:30 p.m. (Wed.) & 2-3 p.m. (Sun.), SDL, 555 N. Maple, Saline. Free. Preregistration required. 429-5450. [map]
"An Evening of Poetry and the Written Word": Crazy Wisdom Poetry Series.
Poetry workshop. All writers welcome to share
and discuss their poetry or short fiction.
BRING ABOUT EIGHT COPIES OF YOUR WORK.
COPIES WILL BE RETURNED TO YOU.
Hosted by Joe Kelty, Ed Morin, and Dave Jibson.
see our blog at https://cwcircle.poetry.blog/
Crazy Wisdom Bookstore and Tea Room, 114 S. Main St. Free. 7346652757. info@crazywisdom.net www.crazywisdom.net [map]
7-11 p.m.
Ann Arbor Bridge Club.
Every Wed., except Dec. 25 All invited to play ACBL-sanctioned duplicate bridge. If you plan to come without a partner, call in advance or arrive 20 minutes early.
7-11 p.m., Walden Hills clubhouse, 2114 Pauline east of Maple. (Park on the north side of Pauline.) $6 per person. http://bridgeclubs.org/index.php?id=289. 769-3994. [map]
Open Meditation Sessions: Jewel Heart Tibetan Buddhist Center.
Jewel Heart Facilitators will provide basic guidance for using the breath as a point of focus in these concentrated meditation sessions.
Jewel Heart Tibetan Buddhist Center, 1129 Oak Valley Drive. Free. 734-994-3387. annarbor@jewelheart.org www.jewelheart.org [map]
U-M Volleyball.
Nov. 6: MSU.7 p.m.
Nov. 9: Illinois. 7 p.m.
Nov. 13: Iowa. 2 p.m.
Nov. 27: Perdue. 7 p.m.
Nov. 29: Indiana. 1 p.m.
Various times., Cliff Keen Varsity Arena, S. State at Hoover. $6 & $8 (groups of 10 or more, $3 each). 764-0247.
Washtenaw Bicycling & Walking Coalition's Annual Fall Gathering: Washtenaw Bicycling & Walking Coalition.
Every November the WBWC hosts our annual Fall Gathering to bring the biking & walking community together for a fun night of socializing & hearing from community leaders/experts.
We invite you to join us to meet like-minded bicyclists & pedestrians, hear the latest in biking & walking news from our two great speakers, & share your ideas about what would make Washtenaw County a better place to bike & walk.
This year's guest speakers:
Susan Pollay from the Ann Arbor Downtown Development Authority
Susan Faulkner & Jeff Hardcastle from the Huron Waterloo Pathways Initiative
This event is free & open to anyone. We'll provide the snacks, drinks are on you.
Everyone who becomes a member of the WBWC or renews membership during the Fall Gathering will be entered into a drawing to win prizes at the end of the night! Learn more at our facebook event: https://www.facebook.com/events/2450244701926650/
Celtic Room | Conor O'Neill's, 318 S Main St, Ann Arbor, MI 48104. Free. info@wbwc.org wbwc.org [map]
"AfterHours Book Club": Serendipity Books.
All invited to discuss books.
Sept. 18: One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, Ken Kesey's 1962 novel about an iconoclastic free spirit who incites his fellow asylum inmates to rebellion against an iron-willed nurse.
Oct. 6: Michigan true-crime writer and memoirist Mardi Jo Link discusses her work. Q&A.
Nov. 13: Dear America: Notes of An Undocumented Citizen, Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Jose Antonio Vargas's memoir.
Dec 11: The Library Book, Susan Orlean's exploration of the social and cultural importance of libraries.
Jan. 15: Reading Lolita in Tehran, Azar Nafisi's memoir about a study group she started in 1995 to discuss great works of Western Literature banned by the Iranian government. Feb. 19 & Mar. 11: TBA.
7-8:30 p.m., Serendipity Books, 113 Middle, Chelsea. Free. 475-7148. [map]
"Basic Knife Skills": Ann Arbor District Library.
Lakehouse Bakery (Chelsea) owner Keegan Rodgers presents a lively interactive talk on techniques and how to properly use, store, and care for high-quality knives.
"Color Away": Sweetwaters Plymouth Green.
Every Wed. All adults invited to color. Supplies provided.
7-9 p.m., Sweetwaters, 3393 Plymouth Rd. Free. 369-4568. [map]
"Dragonfly Garden Stakes": Chelsea Evening Primrose Garden Club.
ll invited to make a decorative dragonfly from a kitchen wire whisk, a metal skewer, and beads. Whisk, skewer, and some beads provided. Bring needle nose pliers and additional adornments.
7 p.m., Chelsea Train Depot, 125 Jackson., Chelsea. $10, preregistration required by emailing EpGardenClub98@gmail.com. 634-1954. [map]
"Head of State": U-M Armenian Studies Program.
(Hrant Yeritskinyan, 2016). Comedy about a carping jobless journalist who becomes the Armenian president overnight. Armenian, subtitles.
555 Weiser Hall. FREE. 764-0622. [map]
"Seeing Queer History": Ann Arbor District Library.
Washington, D.C.-based writer Matthew Riemer reads from We Are Everywhere: Protest, Power, and Pride in the History of Queer Liberation, the new book he co-wrote with his husband.
AADL Downtown lobby. Free. 327-4200.
"Shadow Network: Media, Money, and the Secret Hub of the Radical Right": Literati Bookstore/U-M Knight-Wallace Fellowship.
NYC-based writer Anne Nelson discusses her new book about a group of 50 Republican operatives who, after Reagan's election, began a systematic effort to roll back civil liberties and dismantle the social safety net. Signing.
7 p.m., Literati, 124 E. Washington. Free. 585-5567. [map]
"The Godfather Part II": Fathom Events.
Nov. 10, 12, & 13. (Francis Ford Coppola, 1974). A melancholy crime boss remembers his father's immigrant days. Al Pacino, Robert DeNiro.
3 p.m. (Nov. 10) & 7 p.m. (all dates), Ann Arbor 20 (4100 Carpenter) & Emagine (1335 E. Michigan Ave., Saline). Tickets $11.50-$12.50 (except as noted) in advance at fathomevents.com/events and at the door. 973-8424 (Ann Arbor 20), 316-5500 (Emagine).
"The History and Legends of Finland": Dexter District Library.
Music- and video-illustrated talk by Michigan historians Al and Dave Eicher.
7-8 p.m., DDL, 3255 Alpine, Dexter. Free, preregistration required. 426-4477, ext. 119. [map]
"An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States": History Readers.
All invited to join a discussion, led by local public health nurse Ann Garvin, of Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz's 2014 book about the centuries-long post-Columbian genocide of Native Americans.
7:30-9 p.m., Motte & Bailey, Booksellers, 212 N. Fourth Ave. Free. 484-3613. [map]
"Up There": State Theater.
(Michael Blaustein & Daniel Weingarten, 2019). Comic drama about a journalist on a lame assignment in the U.P. who gets a lead from a local on a story that could make his name. Post-film Q&A with the filmmakers.
$10.50 (children under 12, students with ID, seniors age 65 & older, & U.S. veterans, $8.50; MTF members, $8; weekdays before 6 p.m., $7).
"Full Metal Events": Pointless Brewery & Theatre.
Area comic Shelly Smith hosts an evening of comedy and music, with Michigan comic Kyle Forsyth, whose sets blend irreverent opinions with personal stories, and Kalamazoo comic Ellie Snyder, who draws inspiration from her ex-boyfriends' mothers, college misadventures, and grumpy women who yell at grocery cashiers. Also, Detroit rappers Nappi Devi and Joey Hamood.
7:45 p.m. (doors open at 7 p.m.), Pointless, 3014 Packard. Tickets $8 in advance at pointlessbrew.com; $10 at the door. (989) 455-4484. [map]
Brendan James.: The Ark.
New Hampshire-bred L.A. pop-folk singer-songwriter and pianist, known for his sly lyrics exploring the contours of modern love. After a hiatus, he has returned with a new EP, Wish You Well. Opener Pete Muller is not only a singer-songwriter but a crossword puzzlist and an investment banker.
Poetry Salon: One Pause Poetry.
Every Wed. Members read and discuss poems on various themes. Followed by collaborative writing games and exercises. Nonmembers also invited to read their poems. Snacks & socializing.
8-10 p.m., Argus Farm Stop greenhouse, 325 W. Liberty. $5 suggested donation. Onepausepoetry.org, 707-1284. [map]
Rising Appalachia: The Ark.
The Ark, 316 S. Main. [map]
"Comedy Jamm": Ann Arbor Comedy Showcase.
Every Wed., except Dec. 18 & 25, and Jan. 1 Performances by up to 12 aspiring area stand-up comics. Alcohol is served.
212 S. Fourth Ave. $5 in advance and at the door. 996-9080. [map]
Open Dancing: Swing Ann Arbor.
Nov. 6, 13, & 20. Swing dancing to recorded music. No partner needed. Bring casual or nicer shoes that stay on your feet when you're flying around the room. Preceded at 8 p.m. by a lesson.
9-11 p.m., Michigan League Ballroom (Nov. 6), location TBA (Nov. 13), & Michigan League Vandenberg Rm. (Nov. 20). $5 (students, $3; $1 discount for members; free for those who attend the lesson). swingannarbor.com/calendar, 945-8428. [map]
Blind Pig: Aqueous
Popular Buffalo groove-rock jam quartet. Opener: Great Time, a highly regarded Philadelphia indie rock trio. 8 p.m.-midnight. $15-$17. [venue info]
Blue Llama: Jason Marsalis & the 21st-Century Trad Band
Quartet led by jazz drummer and vibraphone player Marsalis, a member of the New Orleans-based Marsalis musical dynasty who began playing drums at age 7 for his father's band. "Just as his drumming is steeped in both modern and New Orleans rhythmic styles, his vibes playing draws on the rich tradition of that instrument … with commendably ardent swing," writes a Jazz Times reviewer. $35-$55. 7 & 9:30 p.m. [venue info]
Chelsea Alehouse Brewery: Thunderwüde
Bluegrass and related roots music by the Chelsea trio of guitarists Jason Dennie and Tommy Reifel and multi-instrumentalist Wes Fritzemeier. [venue info]
CoOp: Open Mike
All musicians invited. First come, first served. 8 p.m. [venue info]
Detroit St. Filling Station: Andrew Brown's Djangophonique
Vintage jazz in the style of Django Reinhardt's 1930s Parisian swing by a local quartet led by guitarist Brown. [venue info]
Earle: Jake Reichbart
Solo jazz guitarist. Solo jazz pianists TBA occasionally substitute. [venue info]
Habitat Lounge: Cetan Clawson
Monroe psychedelic blues-rock trio. [venue info]
Mash: David Roof
Local blues-rock singer-guitarist. 6-9 p.m. [venue info]
Mash: Pajamas
Old Town: Music Makers Vol. II
Local jazz ensemble. [venue info]
Ypsi Alehouse: Pittsfield Open Band
Old-time American and Irish dance tunes. 5-7 p.m. [venue info]
Zou Zou's Cafe: Open Mike
All acoustic musicians invited. Hosted by Rochelle Clark. [venue info]
Clothing in Chelsea
Chuck Warpehoski
Restaurants with prices $20-$30
Westside BBQ Closes
January 2020 Marketplace closings
Gifts of Knowledge
Meditations on what comes next
Sarah Royalty Pinkelman
Craig Ross
Clubs, Social Groups, Games, Crafts, & Hobbies
Nightspots: Ravens Club


text:
Q: Generating a large number of small pdf files Currently, I need to generate a large number of small pdf files (around 18000 pdf files)
Each one take around 1.x - 2 seconds to generate, make it simple, let say it needs 2 seconds
So, 18000 * 2 second = 36000 seconds = 10 hours
It takes too long time
My way to generate the pdf is calling the FOP java executable each time to generate one pdf file, providing the xml, xsl (to transform to FOP xml format).
The way java is working is that, each time when I call FOP, it will create a java VM process (java) to run it.
I am thinking if this will waste much time because of creating and dropping the java vm process 18,000 times for 18,000 pdf file generation.
I am not familiar with Java VM process, but guess the resource could be re-used and managed by the Java VM so that re-creating the java VM process many time is not a big overhead?
If re-creating the Java VM process is a big overhead, writing a another Java program to call the FOP API function directly (instead of calling the FOP executable) and do the loop there is a way to go?
Any suggestion is highly appreciated.

A: You could build the calls to perform the FOP transformation into any Java program, and running through your long list of XML/XSL/PDF would cut down on the VM startup per PDF, plus it would speed up because of JIT compilations for 2nd and subsequent runs. Some example code is on Apache FOP website
Another possibility with the embedded approach is to build your FOP transformation server as RMI server so your FOP service can be called multiple times, and the client app has the logic of all your input data and server does the PDF generation.


text:
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Are GMOs All Bad? The Truth about GMOs
Maker Kuma
One of the hottest and most controversial issues in the world today is genetic engineering. With protests against Monsanto on May 25th in over 400 cities, people have shown that this is a topic they truly care about. Largely, the stances are highly polarized with opponents saying it is all cancer causing, poisonous, and environmentally dangerous and supporters saying it is wonderful, improving yield and making everyone except "anti-science" opponents happy.
The problem with polarized positions is they almost always miss the reality of the issue and avoid talking about the general facts. Polarized texts instead skip directly to the evidence supporting their position. But, in real life, I think it is important to lay out exactly what we are talking about before we try to say if it is "good" or "bad."
The first question we have to address, before we talk about the potential and danger of genetic modification, is what exactly is genetic modification? If you want to avoid the science, you can just skip the next 3 paragraphs. Otherwise, I can advise continuing to read, using the sources I provide, or using a search engine.
In the modern context we are talking about the introduction of foreign genetic material, almost always coding for a protein –which are molecular workhorses capable of doing everything from binding with other proteins to changing what DNA is activated or not (nuclear receptors), to themselves performing reactions and either creating or breaking down molecules-, which is introduced into the genome through a double-strand break and insertion (what I call "splice-in"), or through homologous DNA recombination (meaning it trades bases, or DNA, with a target strand inside the cell).
This means that using existing techniques we are often inserting a new piece of code, complete with its own regulatory mechanisms (transcription factors), into the cell and inducing a targeted insertion with endonucleases, something like TAL-effectors, and hoping this doesn't accidentally alter any important regulatory or coding elements.
Newer methods allow homologous DNA exchange, but switching out bases (which we can perceive as letters, which together make words –amino acids- which then form sentences –proteins-) from existing code depends on us actually understanding all the roles existing code is playing: which we often do not. So in both cases we risk tampering with existing code and risk current genetic information being lost. But, this risk can be minimized by selecting for redundant code, meaning little risk of disabling something entirely.
But, current usage has not been sufficiently responsible and in fact viral DNA containing an extra Cmv promoter and gene sequence (Gene VI) has recently been found in almost all GM crops. This seems to be able to activate transcription or expression of any cellular mRNA (Ryabova et al, 2002), meaning it can lead to the production of the wrong proteins. Gene VI also codes for a protein which does, among other things, suppress RNA silencing processes: it weakens the body's reaction against viruses (Haas et al. 2008). Gene VI even makes plants less capable of defending against bacteria (Love et al. 2012). Unfortunately, this sequence was found in all of Monsanto's transgene crops, and this, many years after they had already been approved in the US (Podevin & du Jardin, 2012).
Now that we know what we are talking about, we can ask ourselves: is this safe? Well, is anything in science inherently safe or dangerous? It really all depends on what you are doing, how you are going about it, and what, if any, precautions you take.
I don't think we can regard all genetic modification as being equal. Huge successes in the realm of unicellular genetic modification have been seen, for instance using modified yeast to produce insulin or other molecules which would otherwise require complex industrial processes to create (for instance in the realm of fuel alternatives). This use of genetic modification, isolated from the natural world, seems to only bring benefits.
Unfortunately, a lot of the efforts towards modifying multicellular organisms like plants have relied on genetic resistance to endocrine disruptors -disrupt metabolism and internal processes- or toxins. This means that their use and usefulness depends on the simultaneous use of a chemical which will do ecological damage. These chemicals remove competition for the plants by killing anything lacking resistance-genes (for instance Glyphosate aka Roundup), they do this by destroying their metabolism. These chemicals are often, if not always, non-selective and thus will wreak havoc on the metabolism of anything unlucky enough to come into contact with these chemicals.
This toxicity also includes mammals, with 2 year rat studies showing a significantly higher death rate of 2-3x more than normal, liver congestions and necrosis were 2.5–5.5 times higher, tumor risk in males 4x higher, and more kidney deficiencies than normal. (Seralini et al, 2012).
The arguments used against this fact is that destruents (which are the most important part of the ecological cycle since they turn dead organic matter –with carbon- into inorganic –without carbon- material for plants to use) like bacteria, Earthworms and other parts of the soil ecology will adapt relatively quickly to this, that the effects are likely limited, and that the doses we consume of them in our produce are relatively small.
But, none of those arguments are fully valid: only some destruents will adapt but many will invariably disappear from the soil at least temporarily (years), since none of these chemicals degrade quickly. This makes the soil less fertile for future generations.
If that was not enough to convince us to avoid GM pest control, Bt toxin plants are often mentioned –plants which produce their own insecticide- along with the statement that they have led to reduced pesticide use. Now, to be truthful, the absolute worldwide use of insecticides has sunk since the introduction of Bt organisms. But, the overall use of pesticides and herbicides has continued to rise, especially as resistance develops in the "target" populations and making Bt less effective.
This has likely contributed to the continued death of the bees: Colony Collapse Disorder, which currently wipes out approx 30-40% of colonies every year (15% is acceptable at the end of winter). Of course, the disorder may also be related to the use of monocultures, which is intensified by the use of total herbicides like Roundup. In the end, it is likely a mix of both the chemicals and the monocultures.
Now, the thing is that these Bt toxins are actually not even harmless to mammals (Portilho et al., 2013) and we need to ask ourselves about the ecological sense in creating something which cannot be eaten by the other organisms in the ecosystem.
Now, before we say that genetic engineering is inherently bad, there are in fact more responsible ways to use this technology even in the realm of multicellular organisms. A really good example is the "golden rice" which is rice with an added enzyme to produce beta-carotine (basically Vitamin A, which we cannot synthesize ourselves). The research was done relatively transparently, seed created and distributed at cost or for free. The rice is even shown to contain more vitamin A than spinach (Tang, 2012).
Meanwhile the World Health Organization advises the continuation of supplement programs instead of giving the people a way to produce the vitamins they need in their own soil. The anti-GM movement has also so far been largely inclined to oppose all genetic modification and lump golden rice in with roundup-ready corn.
Unfortunately, while Monsanto has the economic power to push their products through, even block labeling in certain nations (e.g the US, where despite public support for labeling, the senate blocked an amendment 71-to-27 which would have allowed states to label GMOs if they wanted to, on Thursday May 23rd, 2013) general suspicion of genetic engineering has led to the use of this rice also being opposed, despite the fact that no new chemicals would be needed in its use, and that the new gene actually has a beneficial ecological role.
We are being misled. The world is not black and white, and we cannot lump an entire branch of science together with those abusing it. Luckily, the world may be open to waking up to this fact. Recent global protests have seen millions marching against Monsanto, not against genetic modification.
As always the issues are goals, methods, responsibility, and transparency. Companies like DuPont and Monsanto are not here to help the world's farmers, they are not there to help feed us. The people making the decisions, as always in an LLC(Limited Liability Company), are not even responsible for any consequences they cause through the company's actions. They even have personal interest in reducing transparency so they can hinder people from finding out about problems or mistakes for long enough that they can become filthy rich.
They were producing poisons (including Agent Orange) since before they were working to supposedly feed the world. They work very hard to try to discredit all the studies I have linked in this article, but I encourage you to read the studies yourself. If anything, the fact the data is open for us all to see, and their methods of analysis, gives me more faith in them than in Monsanto, who has famously misrepresented and even falsified data in the past (e.g PCBs, Roundup) and has monetary interest in ignoring the warnings.
Both a recent New York Times article and a Forbes rebuttal concentrated on the economic values of Monsanto's crops, cherry-picking economic data. What is strange is how this discussion has been so railroaded into the realm of statistics instead of real world ecological and health consequences.
So, are GMOs bad? In my opinion, there are some wonderful applications for this technology that have little or limited risk for negative consequences. Meanwhile, the way the technology is being used at the moment, in tandem with dangerous chemicals, is obviously not acceptable. It may be a good idea to not only forbid the patenting of genes, as some companies are trying to do in regard to the human genome, but to make genetic engineering efforts: data, methods, and analysis, publicly available. Only then can we help insure that decisions are not being made independent of the data, to help prevent decisions being made only in light of the profit margin.
By Michael Thomas | ExposingTheTruth
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Here is How You Shop at Home
August 12, 2021 August 12, 2021 by admin
In this video, you will learn about a flooring showroom. When you are shopping for floors, it is hard to envision how something will look in your home. Showrooms are great, but still, you cannot see the floor in your own home.
When you are trying to start a flooring business, it is good to keep in mind that people have this issue. They might like a certain style of carpet, but there are a lot of options from the competition. The first thing you will want to do is make sure you have an interior design specialist in the showroom. It also might be a good idea to have traveling interior design specialists who go into homes and give advice to homeowners. Of course, you want to generate sales, but you don't want to give people a product they don't like. If a homeowner has a good experience with you, they will spread good reviews about you and be the right one online. The power of a nad review is strong. It is good to establish a positive reputation with customers. This way, they will continue to be clients.
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this was the year of the food riots. We are already abovethe 2008 peak.Lastly, the international monetary disorder in which welive has generated an unprecedented increase in tradeimbalances. It is very simple. Trade imbalances havedoubled since 2000.CLIMATE CHANGE/ DEVELOPMENT/DIGITAL ECONOMYThe third characteristic - and I will come back to thesolutions later; I think it is best to look at possiblesolutions after sharing our analysis with our partners.Naturally, if the analysis is not shared, if we do notagree on the analysis, we cannot agree on thesolutions. The third characteristic takes the form ofglobal challenges: climate change and developmentchallenges, which call for global responses. I will say again, and I will keep saying that we haveallocated and pledged US$100 billion a year todeveloping countries, starting in 2020. That was apromise. That was Copenhagen. How can we keep thiscommitment, when our countries have unprecedentedbudget deficits, without tackling the issue ofinnovative financing? Innovative financing is a criticalissue for France.The "new" G8 should launch the public debate atpolitical level. At my meeting with President Obama, Iwas very pleased that he agreed with us that at the G8we should have a very informal discussion about theInternet. Note that the idea is in no way to contain thedevelopment of the Internet and its content. The Internet represents progress, there is no doubtabout that. The Internet gives everyone the possibilityto access universal knowledge and no one woulddream of repressing this positive development. Yet the Internet does raise substantial topics fordiscussion for us leaders. The G8 is made up of eightextremely modern economies in which the Internet ishighly developed, so it is the right forum for discussingthis issue.France will hold a forum on the eve of the DeauvilleSummit with the G8 countries' leading players in the digital economy. I believe that the time has come to trust one another and build a model based on the combination of our skills, by listening to whatthe major Internet actors have to say, and I am surethey are most responsible and will listen to what wehave to say, so we can find the way forward to acivilised Internet.I set out to give you an outline of the challenges.Obviously, we are not starting from scratch and our presidency's first priority is to ensure that thedecisions taken at the last five G20 summits are putinto practice.FINANCIAL REGULATIONThis is the case, in particular, with financial regulation.In less than two years, considerable progress has beenmade, even though, as I know all too well, publicopinion finds it hard to believe. It is true all the same.New rules on bank capital, hedge funds - nowregulated where they answered to no authority before -bank taxes introduced to curb systemic risk, and thesupervision of bonuses, on which everyone now agrees.I see that Morgan Stanley has announced it willhenceforth defer payment of 60 per cent of itsbonuses. This is a little more than we asked for.On the long untouchable tax havens, 600 taxtransparency and information exchange agreementshave been signed since April 2009. Thirteen countrieshave waived banking secrecy for tax purposes. And we will have the first evaluations from the GlobalForum on national legal frameworks so that we canstart making decisions.Development will be a second major challenge for the G20.I would like our double presidency to prioritise Africa.We will focus our efforts on infrastructures. At theCannes Summit, we will adopt a list of concreteprojects, with their financing, that will be launchedimmediately. The high-level panel tasked withidentifying these projects will be chaired by TidjaneThiam, Chief Executive of worldwide insurance groupPrudential and former Ivorian Minister of Planning andDevelopment. I thank him for accepting this mission.The third element is innovative financing. I was just talking about this. France is in favour of a taxon financial transactions. France considers that thistax is morally sound, given the financial crisis we'vejust been through, that this tax is useful to dissuadespeculation - I can explain this if you have anyquestions - and that this tax is effective for finding newresources for development. I am well aware that this tax has great enemies andadversaries standing in its way. We will endeavour toconvince them. We will work with Mr Meles, PrimeMinister of Ethiopia, who has produced an excellentreport, and France will ask a civil society figure to findinnovative solutions at the border between the privateand public sectors. France believes that the tax on financial transactionsis the best solution, but that it cannot alone solve theentire question of innovative financing. We're thereforeprepared to discuss other solutions, even though wefeel that this tax on financial transactions - and I can018G8 MEMBER COUNTRIESPhoto: © OT Deauville/Patrice Le Bris
explain this when I answer your questions - is the best formula.SOCIAL PROTECTIONRegarding employment and social issues, the socialpartners will be fully involved in the G20's work. Wewill be holding the first ever Social Summit on the eveof the G20 Summit, alongside the Business Summit.There is no reason why we should have a BusinessSummit and not a Social Summit. And the question forFrance is how to give the International LabourOrganization more weight in global governance. Francewould like us to consider setting up a minimumstandard of universal social protection. That is not to say a single social model, which makesno sense, but a minimum standard, and France willnot resign herself to the fact that the eight ILOconventions on fundamental labour rights have notbeen ratified by all the members of the G20, whichare, for the most part, also members of the ILO. Whenyou arere a member of an organisation, you ratify the standards produced and adopted by thatorganisation.INTERNATIONAL MONETARY SYSTEMOn the instability of the international monetary systemand commodity price volatility: the currency debateran right through 2010. Some even spoke of acurrency war. The truth is we have been living with theinstability of the international monetary non-systemsince 1971. To say that a monetary system exists is aserious mistake. There has not been one since 1971.I have read many things, so allow me to address anumber of these points. First of all, France does not want to go back to a fixedexchange rate system. It would be a contradiction towant to bring back a fixed exchange rate system whenwe criticise the euro's volatility for not correspondingto economic realities. Fixed exchange rate systems characteristically do notadapt to the realities of the economy. France does notwant to challenge the dollar, which plays an eminentrole and should be a strong currency, as PresidentObama so often says. And France does not supportadditional capital controls. Those are thefundamentals. Yet having refused these three things,is there a single person in the world who could say thatthe international monetary system works well or thatthere's no problem?We do not want to address these questions from anideological angle, but from a pragmatic one. Ourambition is to agree with our partners on concreteproposals. Our position is simple. It can be summed upG8 MEMBER COUNTRIES019?