text:
Frank Lampard Bio, Height, Wife, Net Worth, Stats
Legendary English former midfielder Frank Lampard is very famous for his leadership quality and consistency in his old football playing days. Lampard is currently working as the football coach for Everton FC since he took the position in 2022. He is considered a legendary player by Chelsea Fans, as he spent most of his prime football career playing for the English football club, Chelsea. Lampard also played with other legendary footballers like Didier Drogba and John Terry with Chelsea football club.
Frank Lampard has a net worth of $85 million
( Image Source: Instagram )
He was also nicknamed "Super Frank" and "Lampsy" by his fans in his old football playing days. Frank Lampard was comfortable playing as an attacking midfielder and winger, but his natural position was central-midfielder. Frank Lampard has played for his national football team for a long time, after making his international football debut back in 2000. This biography on English football manager and former footballer Frank Lampard covers some of the important moments from his early life till date.
1 Frank Lampard: Quick facts
2 Frank Lampard Age, Height, Weight and Body Measurement
3 Frank Lampard Salary and Net Worth
4 Who is Frank Lampard Wife?
5 Frank Lampard Managerial Career (Everton)
6 Style of play and playing position
7 Frank Lampard Instagram
8 Frank Lampard FIFA 22 Rating
10 Professional Career and Stats (Playing from 1998-2016)
11 Trophies and Titles:
Frank Lampard: Quick facts
Full name Frank James Lampard
Nickname Also nicknamed "Super Frank" and "Lampsy" in his old playing days
Date of birth 20th June 1978
Birthplace Romford, London, England
Father's name Frank Lampard senior
Mother's name Patricia Lampard
Siblings Two sisters only
Brother's/Sister's name Claire Lampard and Natalie Lampard
Height 6 feet (1.83 m)
Body measurement Chest size: 41 inches Waist size: 32 inches Biceps: 13 inches
Eye color Blue color
Hair color Dark brown color
Wife/girlfriend/ex-wife A Wife whose name is Christine Bleakley
Children Three daughters only
Children name Daughters whose names are Patricia Lampard, Isla Lampard, and Luna Lampard
Salary Retired player
Playing position Central midfielder, central attacking midfielder, and central defensive midfielder
Social media presence Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter
Source of Income Salary, bonuses, endorsement, and merchandise
English football manager and former midfielder Frank Lampard was born to their father Frank Lampard senior and mother, Patricia Lampard. Frank Lampard's father was also a professional footballer in his old playing days. He played as the defender (left-back) for the English football club, West Ham United. He was born to a rich family in London, England, and his parents very well raised him along with his siblings. Frank also has two sisters as his siblings, Claire Lampard and Natalie Lampard. Frank and his sisters have been very close to each other since their early days.
Timo Werner Bio, Jersey, Cars, Girlfriend, FIFA 22, Net Worth >>
Frank Lampard used to play football with his father and friends in his childhood days. However, Lampard's father died while he was still a young boy. His father was an ex-footballer, which motivated Lampard to follow in his father's footsteps. Frank Lampard was initially given a chance to join the West Ham United youth team, where his father played earlier. Lampard spends only one season playing with the other young academy footballers.
He played with the number 8 on his jersey with Chelsea football club and his national football team. Likewise, the former English footballer used Lampard as his name in his club and national team jersey.
Frank Lampard Age, Height, Weight and Body Measurement
English former midfielder Lampard's PFA merit award winner was born on 20th June 1978, making him 43 years old. (As of March 2022) He is a Christian by religion, and his Zodiac (horoscope) sign is Gemini. Frank Lampard was nicknamed "Super Frank" and "Lampsy" in his old days. The English football manager has an athletic body and stands 6 feet tall at present. He has evenly matched weight for a former professional footballer, as he weighs around 198 pounds (89 kilograms) on average.
Frank Lampard is 6 feet tall
In his playing days, Lampard was a right-footed midfielder, but he had excellent passing and shooting skills even with his weak feet. Frank has blue color eyes and dark brown color hair. Frank Lampard has a chest span of 41 inches and a waist of 32 inches. Likewise, his athletic biceps measure 13 inches and use shoe size 11 (US).
Frank Lampard Salary and Net Worth
As per multiple sources, English football manager and former midfielder Frank Lampard are worth around 85 million dollars. (As of March 2022) Frank Lampard has played for many richest football clubs, like Chelsea, Manchester City, and New York City FC. Frank has earned salary and additional bonus by playing for those professional football clubs in his prime.
He has played 106 matches for his national football team after making his international debut back in 1999. He has also earned a salary playing for the English national football team.
During his prime days at Chelsea Fc, he was earning around 10 million dollars per season. Lampard was also the football coach of the Chelsea football club previously. Currently he is working as the football coach for the English football club Everton FC. The English football manager has made a significant earnings working as a football manager for different professional clubs.
His career earnings and current net worth makes him one of the richest football manager and former football players. Former Chelsea midfielder Frank Lampard owns many finest cars such as Range Rover and Audi.
Who is Frank Lampard Wife?
English football manager Frank Lampard is a true Christian. He is one of the three children (two sisters) born to his parents. The UEFA champions' league winner English former central-midfielder, was in a relationship with different women in the past. In 2009, Lampard met a woman whose name is Christine Bleakley. Christine won his heart, and the couple got married in 2015.
Frank Lampard with his wife Christine Bleakley
His wife is a model and a TV presenter by profession. The lovely couple is a parent of three daughters: Patricia Lampard, Isla Lampard, and Luna Lampard. Lampard and his wife have a huge following on their social media like Instagram. As a professional footballer manager, he spends significant time training his players.
Frank Lampard Managerial Career (Everton)
The former English midfielder also has experience working as a footballer manager for different professional clubs. Frank Lampard previously managed the Derby County football club for one season. He was very impressive in his first coaching year, which earned him a coaching role at Chelsea FC.
The English football manager also guided Chelsea to FA Cup final, but Arsenal FC unfortunately defeated them. Lampard is currently working as the football manager for the English professional club Everton.
Style of play and playing position
The champions' league winner, former English footballer Frank Lampard is one of the most versatile midfielders to have ever played for the Chelsea football club. His precise finishing, long-distance shooting, and leadership qualities make him one of the best former midfielders in football.
Lampard had excellent passing quality in his prime playing days, and he was also a leader on the football pitch. In his professional football career, he has played mainly as the central midfielder and an attacking midfielder. Lampard was given the nickname "Super Frank" and "Lampsy" by his fans in his old football-playing days.
Frank Lampard Instagram
Frank Lampard is also active on his social media accounts like Instagram and Facebook. He is a family man and often spends time with his children and his spouse. His number of followers on different social media accounts are as follows:
Facebook: 7 million followers
Twitter: 31.9K followers
Frank Lampard FIFA 22 Rating
Legendary English former footballer Lampard is already retired from football. Frank Lampard, however, has icon FIFA cards in FIFA 22 game. The English former footballer and manager, Lampard, has an overall rating of 86. Being a midfielder, he is given the highest passing and shooting out of other attributes on his FIFA card. He is also given the central midfielder as his preferred position in his FIFA 22 prime icon card.
Frank Lampard used to play football with his father in his early childhood days. His father was an ex-footballer, which motivated Lampard to follow in his father's footsteps.
He was initially given a chance to join the West Ham United youth team, where his father played earlier. Lampard spent one season playing with the young players of the academy.
Professional Career and Stats (Playing from 1998-2016)
Frank Lampard played 148 matches for West Ham United, scoring 24 goals.
He spent one season on loan with Swansea football club, scoring a goal in return.
Lampard was transferred to the Chelsea Football club in around 12 million dollar where he achieved immense success.
He played 429 matches for Chelsea and managed to score 147 goals in return.
He played one season with the rival football club Manchester City, where he also scored 6 goals in 32 matches.
Frank Lampard played one season in the American football league with New York City Fc, where he scored 15 goals in 29 appearances.
He has played 106 matches for his national football team and scored 29 goals.
Trophies and Titles:
Four times FA Cup winner with Chelsea FC
Two times football League Cup winner with Chelsea FC
Two times FA Community Shield winner with Chelsea FC
UEFA Champions League winner with Chelsea FC
UEFA Europa League winner with Chelsea FC
Three times English premier League winner with Chelsea FC
Categories Football Tags frank lampard
Jessica Andrade Untold Facts: Height, Partner, Net Worth
Karim Adeyemi Bio, Ethnicity, Jersey, FIFA 2022, Net worth
Eddie Brown Age, Height, Net Worth 2023, Career, Wife, Ig


Mid May - Mid September, 2019.
All rates are quoted in Canadian dollars and include all current applicable taxes.
50% of rental amount payable upon booking, remaining rental and $500 refundable security deposit due 45 days prior to arrival.


Create the right conditions in schools for students and teachers by installing the right audiovisual equipment. Bazelmans AV is the professional partner in light, sound and vision for our education sector through the supply of high-end premium brands that guarantee quality. By installing interactive flatscreens, the teacher can present the learning material more intuitively than ever before. On request, Bazelmans AV can set up auditoriums with projection, audio and lighting systems. Or what about information screens to show student hotspots? This way, you can always keep your students up to date through an effective information service.


Our Client is based in Southern England and is a strong and regionally dominant arable services based company. They have an enviable reputation for quality service, technical competence, understanding of the needs of local farming and the provision of quality product. Due to continued expansion, they are now looking for an Arable Team Sales Manager.The Arable Team Sales Manager will oversee a team of 15 agronomists and other sales staff, providing them with technical and commercial support as well as ensuring overall business strategy is delivered. The right person will be prepared to lead from the front, including servicing some of their own farm accounts. Reporting directly to the Managing Director, this is a great opportunity for an experienced agronomist to take the next step up the career ladder.
Our Client is based in Southern England and is a strong and regionally dominant arable services based company. They have an enviable reputation for quality service, technical competence, understanding of the needs of local farming and the provision of quality product. Due to continued expansion, they are now looking for an Arable Team Sales Manager.
The Arable Team Sales Manager will oversee a team of 15 agronomists and other sales staff, providing them with technical and commercial support as well as ensuring overall business strategy is delivered. The right person will be prepared to lead from the front, including servicing some of their own farm accounts. Reporting directly to the Managing Director, this is a great opportunity for an experienced agronomist to take the next step up the career ladder.
A great and competitive package will be available that reflects this important strategic position within this successful company. Salary, bonus, car, pension etc.
Salary: A great and competitive package will be available that reflects this important strategic position within this successful company. Salary, bonus, car, pension etc.


text:
Design Hunting
Corner Shop
Every product is independently selected by editors. Things you buy through our links may earn New York a commission.
9/11: 20 years later Sept. 11, 2021
Visiting the Visitors: Photographs at the 9/11 Memorial
Some tourists are more respectful than others.
Photographs by Shaughn and John Text by Christopher Bonanos
A visitor takes pictures of the North Pool at the National 9/11 Memorial. Photo: Shaughn and John
On the day of the attacks, twenty years ago, we were all counseled to stay away from downtown. Among so many other shocking moments that day, that one sticks out in my mind: when the official advice came over the TV to "evacuate Lower Manhattan." (How would you even do that, I wondered.) Over the next days, civic resources were strained well past their limits, and officials admonished us: If you don't need to be downtown, let the first responders do their work. Don't come to gawk. I didn't go below Canal Street till December, en route to (of all things) a corporate Christmas party, and the pile was still monstrous and stinking when I peered around a corner and saw it. It didn't matter that I'd been looking at it on television for three months, and smelling it whenever the wind blew north. Face-to-face was different, and I said "oh, god" and fell apart.
The crisp angular bronze of the memorial has long since replaced that twisted mess. Stand there for awhile, and you notice that the New Yorkers move through, their heads down, without looking. That's a natural human reaction—they're simply going to the office, after all, and even the most awe-inspiring physical environment, the Parthenon or Niagara Falls or the Forbidden City, becomes just another piece of the landscape when you live with it daily. This place exists mostly for everyone else, those who are coming here specifically for it, and the photographers Shaughn and John have made it a project to record their reactions. Which, it must be said, cut a wide swath. There are posers with selfie sticks; family members looking for names; parents with indifferent kids who don't want to be there; the people who bow their heads. Some visitors treat it as a not very lively amusement park, crassly. Others know exactly what they're looking at, and act accordingly. Shaughn and John saw it all as they made their pictures: "It's a little difficult to describe these photos without sounding judgmental," Shaughn says. "And while it is obvious that some visitors push the boundaries of 'right and wrong,' many people are respectful of the space and the meaning behind it." For better and for worse, this place—ten years into the memorial's existence, and another ten years after the fire rained down—has become, like the room that once existed a quarter-mile above this spot, a place where you go to see the world.
At the South Pool.
Outside the Westfield mall.
Three sailors look into the reflecting pool.
A family snaps pictures of One World Trade.
Another memorial visitor, looking up at One World Trade Center.
Alongside the North Pool.
Looking straight up at One World Trade Center.
Photographs by Shaughn and John
9/11: 20 years later
national 9/11 memorial
Then and Now Photos: Staying Put In The Same One Bedroom for 60 Years:
AOC Is a YIMBY Now
One State Is Showing Us How to End America's Addiction to Highway Expansion
World's Largest Wildlife Crossing Is Finally Under Way in Los Angeles
New York Definitely Doesn't Need a Longer Manhattan
Latest from Curbed
great rooms Yesterday at 10:00 a.m.
Then and Now Photos: Staying Put In The Same One Bedroom for 60 Years: Architectural historian Andrew Alpern bought his one-bedroom Chelsea apartment in 1962 with no intention to ever leave. And he hasn't.
climate change Jan. 15, 2022
New York's Storm Chasers Don't Have to Go to Kansas Anymore A small community of weather enthusiasts has plenty to document close to home.
rendering judgment Jan. 14, 2022
New York Definitely Doesn't Need a Longer Manhattan A new peninsula won't solve our climate-change problems.
disaster Jan. 14, 2022
Twin Parks Tenants Are Stuck in Housing Limbo "My daughter is petrified and can't even look at the building without crying."
biography of a building Jan. 14, 2022
What It Was Like at Twin Parks North West Before the Fire Neighbors addressed each other in the hallway by "sister" or "brother" and told newcomers where to find the best halal lamb.
housing Jan. 13, 2022
AOC Is a YIMBY Now And she wants to flood local, state, and federal campaigns with pro-housing candidates.
under a million Jan. 13, 2022
A $249K Forest Hills Alcove Studio and a Beekman Prewar One-Bedroom Plus a convertible two-bedroom with an updated kitchen and bathroom in Windsor Terrace.
listings edit Jan. 13, 2022
We Unearthed 13 Actually Excellent Rentals in NYC Right Now This week, we noticed a couple of apartments with rarely seen details, like a scalloped-arch doorway (framing a bathtub) in Ditmas Park.
vision zero but for cougars Jan. 12, 2022
World's Largest Wildlife Crossing Is Finally Under Way in Los Angeles A bridge for local mountain lions that's nearly an acre in size has been in the works for over a decade.
What We Know About the Owners of the Bronx Building That Burned It's not a slumlord situation: They're some of the better-regarded affordable housing developers in the city.
street view Jan. 11, 2022
Frank Gehry's Eisenhower Memorial in D.C. Is a Huge Anticlimax It somehow tells us less about Ike than it intends to.
What We Know About the Deadly Bronx Apartment-Building Fire Doors that did not self-close as they were supposed to appear to have played a primary role in allowing thick smoke to fill the building.
into the woods Jan. 11, 2022
Pave Forest Park and Put Up a Parking Lot? The "Forever Wild" woods in Queens will remain for now.
great rooms Jan. 10, 2022
Meet the Residents of a New Low-Income Building by Robert A.M. Stern Architects In Brownsville, Brooklyn, not on Billionaires' Row.
getting around Jan. 8, 2022
Every Governor Should Copy Kathy Hochul's Interborough Express Putting underused rails back into action for transit is a no-brainer of a good idea.
Two of Elon Musk's Terrible Ideas Both Flopped in Las Vegas This Week This was not the future of transportation we were promised.
castles Jan. 7, 2022
A Newly Renovated Connecticut Castle on 275 Acres Gargoyles, a grotto garden, and "little goodies at every turn."
the real estate Jan. 7, 2022
Kushner and Kloss Have Klosed on Puck Building Penthouse They bought it (at a nice discount) from Kushner's own family business.
fight club Jan. 7, 2022
It Wasn't Just the Pandemic That Closed the Princeton Club Stodginess, not COVID, is the problem.
election 2022 Jan. 7, 2022
Vax Daddy Is Totally Serious About Housing Huge Ma is challenging a 37-year incumbent to represent Queens in the Assembly.
curbed is a Vox Media Network. © 2022 Vox Media, LLC. All rights reserved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: How to stop one childrenlistener when other childrenlistener start in firebase android I have two childrenlistener from firebase in the same activity called from a popup menu that has two options. (two options, two childrenlistener).
I need only to run a childrenlistener, that is, if the user presses "option1" their thread is created, and if the user presses "option2", the thread of "option1" is canceled and it only shows the thread data of "option2" and vice versa
PopupMenu popup = new PopupMenu(Ruta1Manantiales.this, busLocation);
            popup.getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.sentidos, popup.getMenu());
            popup.setOnMenuItemClickListener(new PopupMenu.OnMenuItemClickListener() {
                public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item) {
                    switch (item.toString()){
                        case "option1":
                            _globalString = "option1";
                            loginToFirebase();
                            break;
                        case "option2":
                            _globalString = "option2";
                            loginToFirebase();
                            break;
                    }
                    return true;
                }
            });
            popup.show(); //showing popup menu

private void loginToFirebase() {
    // Authenticate with Firebase, and request location updates
    FirebaseUser currentUser = mAuth.getCurrentUser();
    if(currentUser!=null){
        if(_globalString == "ida"){
            checkIfChildrenExistIda();
        }

        if(_globalString == "vuelta"){
            checkIfChildrenExistVuelta();
        }
    }
    else{
        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                "Firebase auth failed",
                Toast.LENGTH_LONG)
                .show();
        Log.d(TAG, "firebase auth failed");
    }
}

private void checkIfChildrenExistIda(){
    DatabaseReference fbDb = null;
    if (fbDb == null) {
        fbDb = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference();
    }

    fbDb.child("locations/unidad_1/ida")
            .addListenerForSingleValueEvent(new ValueEventListener() {
                @Override
                public void onDataChange(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot) {
                    // get total available quest
                    int size = ((int) dataSnapshot.getChildrenCount());
                    if (size >= 1){
                        subscribeToUpdatesIda();
                    } else if (size <= 0){
                        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                                "No buses available",
                                Toast.LENGTH_LONG)
                                .show();
                    }
                }
                @Override
                public void onCancelled(DatabaseError databaseError) {

                }
            });
}

private void checkIfChildrenExistVuelta(){
    DatabaseReference fbDb = null;
    if (fbDb == null) {
        fbDb = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference();
    }

    fbDb.child("locations/unidad_1/vuelta")
            .addListenerForSingleValueEvent(new ValueEventListener() {
                @Override
                public void onDataChange(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot) {
                    // get total available quest
                    int size = ((int) dataSnapshot.getChildrenCount());
                    if (size >= 1){
                        subscribeToUpdatesVuelta();
                    } else if (size <= 0){
                        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                                "No hay camiones disponibles",
                                Toast.LENGTH_LONG)
                                .show();
                    }
                }
                @Override
                public void onCancelled(DatabaseError databaseError) {

                }
            });
}

private void subscribeToUpdatesIda() {
    DatabaseReference ref = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference().child("locations").child("unidad_1").child("ida");
    ref.addChildEventListener(new ChildEventListener() {
        @Override
        public void onChildAdded(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot, String previousChildName) {
            setMarkerIda(dataSnapshot);
        }

        @Override
        public void onChildChanged(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot, String previousChildName) {
            setMarkerIda(dataSnapshot);
        }

        @Override
        public void onChildMoved(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot, String previousChildName) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onChildRemoved(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot) {
            removeMarkerIda(dataSnapshot);
            //Toast.makeText(Ruta1Manantiales.this, "child removed", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

        }

        @Override
        public void onCancelled(DatabaseError error) {
            Log.d(TAG, "Failed to read value.", error.toException());
        }
    });
}

private void removeMarkerIda(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot) {
    //Toast.makeText(Ruta1Manantiales.this, "child removed 2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    String key = dataSnapshot.getKey();
    HashMap<String, Object> value = (HashMap<String, Object>) dataSnapshot.getValue();

    if (mMarkers.containsKey(key)) {
        Marker marker = mMarkers.remove(key);
        if(marker != null){
            marker.remove();
        }
    }
}

private void setMarkerIda(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot) {
    // When a location update is received, put or update
    // its value in mMarkers, which contains all the markers
    // for locations received, so that we can build the
    // boundaries required to show them all on the map at once
    Bitmap markerBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.bus_marker);
    markerBitmap = scaleBitmap(markerBitmap, 70, 70);

    String key = dataSnapshot.getKey();
    HashMap<String, Object> value = (HashMap<String, Object>) dataSnapshot.getValue();
    double lat = Double.parseDouble(value.get("latitude").toString());
    double lng = Double.parseDouble(value.get("longitude").toString());
    LatLng location = new LatLng(lat, lng);
    if (!mMarkers.containsKey(key)) {
        mMarkers.put(key, mMap.addMarker(new MarkerOptions().icon(BitmapDescriptorFactory.fromBitmap(markerBitmap)).title("Ruta 1 - Unidad-Manantiales").position(location)));
    } else {
        mMarkers.get(key).setPosition(location);
    }

    LatLngBounds.Builder builder = new LatLngBounds.Builder();
    for (Marker marker : mMarkers.values()) {
        builder.include(marker.getPosition());
    }

    if (firstLoad) {
        mMap.animateCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngBounds(builder.build(), 13));
        LatLng marker = new LatLng(19.407021,  -102.046595);
        mMap.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(marker, 12.9f));
        firstLoad = false;
    }
}

private void subscribeToUpdatesVuelta() {
    DatabaseReference ref = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference().child("locations").child("unidad_1").child("vuelta");
    ref.addChildEventListener(new ChildEventListener() {
        @Override
        public void onChildAdded(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot, String previousChildName) {
            setMarkerVuelta(dataSnapshot);
        }

        @Override
        public void onChildChanged(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot, String previousChildName) {
            setMarkerVuelta(dataSnapshot);
        }

        @Override
        public void onChildMoved(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot, String previousChildName) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onChildRemoved(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot) {
            removeMarkerVuelta(dataSnapshot);
            //Toast.makeText(Ruta1Manantiales.this, "child removed", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }

        @Override
        public void onCancelled(DatabaseError error) {
            Log.d(TAG, "Failed to read value.", error.toException());
        }
    });
}

private void removeMarkerVuelta(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot) {
    //Toast.makeText(Ruta1Manantiales.this, "child removed 2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    String key = dataSnapshot.getKey();
    HashMap<String, Object> value = (HashMap<String, Object>) dataSnapshot.getValue();

    if (mMarkers.containsKey(key)) {
        Marker marker = mMarkers.remove(key);
        if(marker != null){
            marker.remove();
        }
    }
}

private void setMarkerVuelta(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot) {
    // When a location update is received, put or update
    // its value in mMarkers, which contains all the markers
    // for locations received, so that we can build the
    // boundaries required to show them all on the map at once
    Bitmap markerBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.bus_marker);
    markerBitmap = scaleBitmap(markerBitmap, 70, 70);

    String key = dataSnapshot.getKey();
    HashMap<String, Object> value = (HashMap<String, Object>) dataSnapshot.getValue();
    double lat = Double.parseDouble(value.get("latitude").toString());
    double lng = Double.parseDouble(value.get("longitude").toString());
    LatLng location = new LatLng(lat, lng);
    if (!mMarkers.containsKey(key)) {
        mMarkers.put(key, mMap.addMarker(new MarkerOptions().icon(BitmapDescriptorFactory.fromBitmap(markerBitmap)).title("Ruta 1 - Unidad-Manantiales").position(location)));
    } else {
        mMarkers.get(key).setPosition(location);
    }

    LatLngBounds.Builder builder = new LatLngBounds.Builder();
    for (Marker marker : mMarkers.values()) {
        builder.include(marker.getPosition());
    }

    if (firstLoad) {
        mMap.animateCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngBounds(builder.build(), 13));
        LatLng marker = new LatLng(19.407021,  -102.046595);
        mMap.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(marker, 12.9f));
        firstLoad = false;
    }
}

A: When you attach a listener to a reference/query, Firebase returns a reference to that listener. You'll want to hold on to that reference in a member field:
ChildEventListener mActiveListener;

And then when you attach the listener:
mActiveListener = ref.addChildEventListener(new ChildEventListener() {
  ...

Then when you are ready to attach the other listener, first remove the previous one with:
if (mActiveListener != null) {
  ref.removeEventListener(mActiveListener);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Outstanding spaghetti and meatballs at North Italia in El Segundo! Also had their excellent appetizer known as "Zucca Chips". Zucchini sliced paper thin and fried. So good!
My new favorite appetizer at The Par Lounge has to be their Crispy Green Beans! Made with an onion batter and served with a super tasty chipotle buttermilk dressing. Simply outstanding!
Outstanding happy hour appetizers at The Par Lounge! Tater skins, fried chicken tenders, etc. The only thing missing is their excellent calamari.
The new loaded boneless wings at Chili's are outstanding! They are smothered in a white queso, 3-cheese blend, applewood smoked bacon & chopped green onions. Served with a side of house made ranch dressing. I usually prefer my chicken on a bone but these were outrageous good! Best part was not feeling like I had to take a shower after eating it!
Outstanding dinner recently at The Par Lounge. Here's the "Combo Platter" from the appetizer menu. It includes tater skins, fried mozzarella, onion rings and chicken tenders. Served with sides of ranch dressing, warm marinara and sour cream.
Comes with three skins which were great, crispy and hot with an ample amount of cheese. Could have used more bacon and green onions though. The fried cheese was a fairly conservative portion, but excellent nonetheless. Triangle shapes that yielded a perfect cheese pull. There was a very liberal amount of onion rings which is fine with me. For frozen, institutional rings, these are some of the best in town. Five crispy chicken tenders rounded it all out.
Now obviously this is a sea of fried brown goodness and not something you want to eat everyday! Occasionally though it's a nice treat. The only other restaurant I eat at with this much brown on one plate would be Cracker Barrel. Good thing for my pants size there's none close by. This whole platter is plenty for two hungry adults, or two average adults with picky child.
Best chicken tender appetizer in town is at The Par Lounge, that I can tell you! Likely frozen and off the Sysco truck, it's still a high quality, fried chicken tender. Coupled with their hot, crispy fries, it's a meal in itself. Pairs perfectly with ranch dressing, BBQ sauce and a draft IPA.
Way Point Saloon has the most impressive onion ring tower I've encountered! What stands out for me is how hot & crispy they come out of the kitchen coupled with an outstanding fry sauce. The rings here are beer battered and definitely in the top two of Ramona when it comes to onion rings. 23 draft beers on tap is a pretty good draw too!


Mitch: 289 of 434, 66.6% completion, 3223 yards, 7.4 yard avg, 24 tds 12 ints, qbr 72.8 rtg 95.4, rushing, 68 attempts 421 rushing, 3 td's, 1 fumble.
Cohen 99 attempts 444 yards 4.5 avg, 3 td's 2 fumbles, receptions 71 rec, 725 yards, 5 td's.
Take away differential +12, 3rd in league.
Two stats stand out for me. 17.7 ppg and finally rose to #1 in NFL. Fantastic! Second, Howard almost got to 1,000 yards despite the screwed-up way he has been used this year. Yesterday was partial redemption. He got 21 carries for 109 yards and 2 TDs against one of the best run defenses in the league.
I really think he might be dealing w/an injury. He only got 2 less carries then his rookie year, and 26 less carries then last year, that's less then 2 less carries a game . It's not like he wasn't used that much different. But did you see that 40 yard run to start the game? He looks slow and hobbled. It wasn't fast, and it might explain why he was used different to start the season, and only now come dec he's being used more closely to last year.
Def stat is striking, but so is the O stat also is, 26 is a TD and FG better then last years 16 ppg and just under that from the previous years 17 ppg. Now some of that is b/c of how dominant the D is, and some of that is from Def turnovers/scores thmeslves. But Most of that is just the O being better, being less obvious and going w/what ever the def is going to give you. There is no #1 WR in that there is no WR that is going to get the first look every play/every game. They were going to take whatevert he def told them to take and they did it happily w/great success.
You would think that the qb pressure/sacks were the primary reason for the uptick in picks, but when you look, they have had a steady improvement in sacks every year, but the int's stayed flat 3 years and the had a huge jump. Part of this was the db's upping their play.
The play of the DB's this season has been incredible. Jumping routs and hard hits have WR's as scared as the "D" line have the QB's scared. Great to watch after years of medocre play.
Surprised to see us so low on YAC.
I'm not, hasn't been a ton of yac most of the year. Mullens and Mahomes have beenefited far more from their wr's and schemes then Mitch has. Actually I thought I posted a stat I posted somewhere on this site that Mahomes led the league in 5 yard passes that went 20+ yards. Yet people kept talkinga bout how all Mitch did was dink/dunk and let his WR's get yac. He benefited from one memorable Cohen screen this season.
Bears are #7 in pass attempts over 20 yards with a Comp% of 36, just a hair above average for that Top 10 group.


text:
Fremantle Prison
@ -32.0551, 115.752334
Fremantle, Australia (AU)
Fremantle Prison is a former Australian prison located in The Terrace, Fremantle, in Western Australia. The 60,000 m² (15 acres) site includes the prison, gatehouse, perimeter walls, cottages, tunnels, and prisoner art. The prison was one of 11 former convict sites in Australia inscribed on the World Heritage List in 2010 as the Australian Convict Sites.
The prison was built by convict labour in the 1850s, and transferred to the colonial government in 1886 for use as a gaol for locally-sentenced prisoners. It closed as a prison in 1991 and reopened as a historic site. It is now a public museum, managed by the Government of Western Australia with daily and nightly tours being operated. Some tours include information about the possible existence of ghosts within the prison. There are also tours of the flooded tunnels and aqueducts under the prison.
The prison is also widely referred to as Fremantle Gaol.
Links: en.wikipedia.org, virtualglobetrotting.com
Buildings > Prisons
Street View > Buildings - Museums
Similar Maps: Prisons


text:
JD.com CEO unveils European market entry plans
Chinese e-commerce giant JD.com plans to enter the largest European markets – the UK, France and Germany – by next year, creating its own logistics network and probably contracting out delivery services, according to CEO Richard Liu. Liu, a billionaire businessman who founded and built up China's second-largest e-commerce group, told the Financial Times that JD.com wants to challenge Amazon in Europe as early as 2019 and aims to be established across the continent within "a few years". The Europe move looks likely to accompany a planned market entry in the US later this year under an ambitious strategy of generating over half of group revenues outside China within the next decade. Liu has spoken of wanting to bring "superior Chinese brands" to overseas markets. JD.com would first launch its e-commerce platform and delivery services in France, then the UK and Germany, the CEO told the business newspaper. It would operate its own network of warehouses to store goods but is considering enlisting local partners for last-mile delivery. In China, JD has its own large-scale delivery operation. Liu said JD will spend at least €1bn over two years to build up its logistics network in France but did not indicate the size of likely investments in the UK or Germany.
Back to News Portal Download file Add to basket
View PDF basket ()
export basket to pdf


text:
Shawn Khunkhun
Shawn Khunkhun has over 15 years of experience in the capital markets and mineral exploration and development sector. As President and CEO, Mr. Khunkhun is involved in the company's marketing, financing and corporate development. He has developed long-standing relationships with an extensive network of high net worth retail and institutional investors, analysts, brokers, investment bankers and private equity groups. Mr. Khunkhun is also the CEO & director of Dolly Varden Silver.
marc gelmon
Mr. Gelmon obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree at the University of British Columbia and subsequently attained his chartered accountant designation in 1995 and is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of B.C. Mr. Gelmon has provided his expertise to several TSX Venture Exchange listed companies in the capacity of director, chief financial officer and consultant. His background as a C.A. provides the Company with the necessary skills required for financial management, reporting operating results to the Board of Directors, liaison with financial institutions, and compliance with today's complex regulatory reporting requirements.
darryl jones
Mr. Jones has over 15 years of capital market experience and an established financial network. Prior to joining StrikePoint in 2015, Mr. Jones was an Investment advisor with PI Financial Corp Canada and Raymond James Ltd Canada. He was responsible for raising significant risk capital for growth companies in all sectors, with a particular focus on natural resources.
ian harris
Mr. Harris is a mining engineer with over 20 years of mining experience. He was most recently senior vice-president and country manager of Corriente Resources in Ecuador, and was directly involved in the operations and negotiations that led to the sale of Corriente for $690-million (U.S.). Mr. Harris brings a strong background of project management, strategic management and technical skills to the board of Strikepoint.
Adrian fleming
Adrian Fleming is a professional geologist with over 40 years of technical and executive experience with exploration and development stage mining companies. He was the co-founder and president of Underworld Resources from 2006-2010. Mr. Fleming led in the team which made the discovery and defined the maiden resource of the million – ounce White Gold deposit, located e White Gold district, Yukon. The project was subsequently acquired by Kinross in 2010 for $138M. Adrian was a founding Director of Northern Empire Resources which was acquired by Coeur Mining for $117M.
marilyne lacasse
QP / Project Manager
Marilyne Lacasse is a dynamic professional geoscientist with extensive experience in project management in logistically challenging areas and rugged terrain exploration in North West British Columbia. Marilyne transitioned to StrikePoint as a consultant from IDM Mining. Mme. Lacasse was part of the team that successfully restarted the Red Mountain project and doubled its mineral resource before the acquisition by Ascot in March 2019. She is a graduate of Geology from the Université du Québec à Montréal and is a registered professional geologist with the Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of British Columbia.
rob mcleod
Mr. Mcleod is a professional geoscientist with 25 years of experience in mining and mineral exploration, working for a variety of major and junior mining companies. He was most recently CEO of IDM Mining, that was recently acquired by Ascot Resources. Previously founder and VP Exploration of Underworld which was acquired by Kinross after an initial resource estimate of over 1.4M oz gold. Mr. McLeod is the CEO & Director of Heatherdale Resources and director of Dolly Varden Silver.
ryan weymark
Ryan Weymark, P. Eng. is an energetic Professional Engineer (P. Eng.) with experience in mining, heavy civil and infrastructure projects. Ryan has experience working on projects as a consultant, contractor and owner's representative at various stages, from pre- feasibility through to completion. Mr. Weymark is the Principal of Weymark Consulting, providing project management services to the resource sector, including Teck Alaska Corporation and Imperial Metals.


Product description: rebalancing serum that helps tighten dilated pores, prevent comedone formation and refine irregularities of the skin grain. Recommended for seborrheic or thick Skin Instants with dilated pores.
Directions for use: extract 1 ml of Sérum Dermopore. On clean skin, apply the serum to the whole face, neck and décolleté by lightly massaging upwards until complete absorption of the product. Apply well on the median zone wich is generally denser in sebaceous glands.
Love this stuff. My pores are shrinking!!
Absolutely amazing. Early days yet, but I think my ingrown hair follicles on my chin which usually turn into small zits are disappearing. And stubborn breakouts where my glasses touch my nose are improving.
So far, so good. I've been using it and my pores are less visible.


text:
Platforma eksportowa – forma bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych (BIZ, ang. FDI), która jest realizowana celem produkcji lub świadczenia usług na rynek trzeci, a nie lokalny siedziby inwestycji lub rynek kraju inwestora. Główną determinantą powstawania takich przedsięwzięć są strefy wolnego handlu.

Bibliografia
 "Export Platform FDI as a Concept for Growth – Selected Global Experiences", Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 2013, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 91‐102, ISSN 2353-883X
 Barry, F 2004, 'Export-platform Foreign Direct Investment: The Irish Experience', EIB Papers, vol. 9, pp. 8-37.

Linki zewnętrzne
 http://www.eber.uek.krakow.pl/index.php/eber/article/view/7

Inwestycje

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Yes, my spouse is just a mail purchase bride. As an owner of a PR agency, we visit numerous various conferences and events with my partner where we meet our company lovers and peers. At one of several casual events, somebody asked me exactly exactly how Julia and I also came across. Them our story about mail order bride service, they couldn't believe their ears when I told.
Many our buddies could maybe maybe not recognize that such a fruitful and man that is mature mid-40s will endeavor to get his future spouse via worldwide brokerage agency. Frequently individuals imagine old and americans that are naive one part and greedy Russian ladies on the other hand. They think of females that don't understand English and whom offer by themselves like home for some males offshore. Honestly talking, I happened to be an upset that is little of response, as my family and I love one another and possess been hitched for 3 years. This is exactly why I made the decision to fairly share our tale and inform about our life after mail purchase bride solution.


text:
An Identity Evolution - IAM Eastman!
Eastman started its identity journey in 2013 when they looked to acquire an Identity Management (IDM) solution that ended with the purchase of Courion (Core Security).
The first objective was to replace an existing password synchronization product, roll out self-service password reset, and eliminate PII access from the Global Help Desk.
Phase 2 was geared toward automation; onboarding and off-boarding of users. In addition, Eastman set out to establish an authoritative source for third parties using SecZetta's NE Profile solution. By implementing an authoritative source built for third parties, Eastman aimed to bring the same automation to third party, non-employees.
In this session, you will hear Eastman highlight the information collection processes, adoption techniques, result tracking, lessons learned, and future aspirations.
Justin Matthews
Security Analyst, Eastman Chemical
Justin Matthews has worked in the Security field at Eastman for the past 3 and half years. He started off working on endpoint security, and quickly transitioned to identity and access management (IDM). Justin transitioned to become the lead technical analyst on IDM in late 2015... Read More →


Best Rap Beats for Songs!
From hiphop to trap. We provide you with new instrumentals.
We are using hardware from industry leading experts to create the best beats for your rap songs!
You are able to download instrumentals right after purchasing. Subscribe to our newsletter to get notified, when beats are for sale!
Our music is chart ready! We upload new Drake, Kodak, Logic, Future & Travis Scott type beats every week!


text:
Revision as of 15:27, 28 February 2017 by BBlackmoor (Talk | contribs)
Welcome to the WestGuard Information System
Your access code and DNA imprint have been confirmed. Permission to view the WestGuard Information System's files on the subject: SUPERHUMAN within the datastore: MULTIVERSE has been granted.
In 2008 Xerxes, a member of WestGuard, was contacted by Archimedes, a superhero in an alternate multiverse, via a device Archimedes constructed with the aid of alien technology. Xerxes and Archimedes facilitated discussions and information sharing between WestGuard and Justifiers, the group to which Archimedes belonged.
These two multiverse have many similarities, but also notable differences. The WestGuard Information System exists in what is referred to as the Mainstream Universe. Archimedes and Justifiers exist in the Kalos Universe. The primary point of difference between the two, from the WestGuard Information System perspective, is that the history, character and abilities of superhumans are strongly divergent, as is the impact superhumans have had on post-nuclear age human civilization.
WestGuard Information System files on superheroes and supervillains from the Kalos Universe are primarily provided by Archimedes. Files on the events associated with the Blue Sun Universe derive from a subsequent investigation by Xerxes and Ian MacAllistair of the New York Institute For Parapsychological Research (a.k.a. "Spookshow"). In theory, should an energy source of sufficient scope become available, a crossover between the Mainstream Universe and Kalos Universe can be achieved. A crossover to the Blue Sun Universe is, at this time, not understood well enough to be considered possible.
Mainstream Universe
The Mainstream Universe is home to the WestGuard Information System and the following:
Goatswood Academy
New York Institute For Parapsychological Research
Shadow Watch
Kalos Universe
The Kalos Universe is home to the following:
Blue Sun Universe
The Blue Sun Universe is home to the following environments observed by Xerxes and Dr. Ian MacAllistair:
Confederation and Empire
Pax Europa 1880
Rough Magic
Warlords of NUM
ICONS Character Builder
ICONS character template
ICONS house rules
Mutants & Masterminds Character Builder
Mutants & Masterminds house rules
Web browser help
WestGuard web site help
MediaWiki User's Guide
Role-Playing FAQs
Use of the WestGuard Information System, authorized or unauthorized, constitutes consent to monitoring of this system. Unauthorized use may subject you to criminal prosecution. Evidence collected during monitoring may be used for administrative, criminal, or other adverse action.
Retrieved from "http://www.westguard.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&oldid=18258"
This page was last modified on 28 February 2017, at 15:27. Content is available under Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported unless otherwise noted.


Adults / Stunt Development If you have decided to take the plunge and commit to training for this exciting profession, trampolining is a must for all stunt performers.
Trampolining will teach you how to have control when falling through the air, which for high falls is an essential skill.
At Bracknell Trampoline Centre we have successfully trained many up and coming stunt performers.
Although we cannot guarantee your entry to the British Stunt Register, we can guarantee to competently and professionally help you to achieve the standard required for the trampoline syllabus.
If you want to know how to become a stunt performer please contact Equity ( the Actors Union) and they will supply you with up to date requirements for entry to the British Stunt Register.


I was commissioned again by the McElroy Brothers to create this poster that was sold at a short run of Pacific Northwest live tour dates in 2018.
This time around, Griffin, Justin and Travis are being carried by a bigfoot-esque creature, who is chasing Magnus, Taako and Merle through a woodland area, while the Dungeon Master watches the shenanigans from his cheeky little vantage point in the bushes!
You can listen to the podcasts My Brother, My Brother and Me and The Adventure Zone at http://maximumfun.org. They're great - I highly recommend them!


Posted by gbs on Sun Feb 10 22:02:52 2019, in response to Re: Timing of door closing-how critical is it?, posted by randyo on Sun Feb 10 15:25:05 2019.
The stupidest thing is that the blinking lights, for the deaf who can't hear the announcements or chimes, start blinking with the chimes as the doors close, when they're not needed (since the deaf can see the doors closing). The lights should blink as the announcement is made, so the deaf have the same warning the hearing do. On the new-tech trains, with the automated announcements at the push of a button, it ought to be easy to make this adjustment.


text:
namespace ui {

struct AXPropertyFilter;

// Property node is a tree-like structure, representing a property or collection
// of properties and its invocation arguments. A collection of properties is
// specified by putting a wildcard into a property name, for exampe, AXRole*
// will match both AXRole and AXRoleDescription properties. Parameters of a
// property are given in parentheses like a conventional function call, for
// example, AXCellForColumnAndRow([0, 0]) will call AXCellForColumnAndRow
// parameterized property for column/row 0 indexes.
class AX_EXPORT AXPropertyNode final {
 public:
  // Parses a property node from a string or a property filter.
  static AXPropertyNode From(const std::string& property,
                             const std::vector<std::string>& line_indexes = {});
  static AXPropertyNode From(const AXPropertyFilter& filter);

  AXPropertyNode();
  AXPropertyNode(AXPropertyNode&&);
  ~AXPropertyNode();

  AXPropertyNode& operator=(AXPropertyNode&& other);
  explicit operator bool() const;

  // Key name in case of { key: value } dictionary.
  std::string key;

  // Value or a property(method) name, for example 3 or AXLineForIndex
  std::string name_or_value;

  // Arguments if it's a method, for example, it is a vector of a single
  // value 3 in case of AXLineForIndex(3)
  std::vector<AXPropertyNode> arguments;

  // Next property node in a chain if any.
  std::unique_ptr<AXPropertyNode> next;

  // Rvalue if any.
  std::unique_ptr<AXPropertyNode> rvalue;

  // Used to store the original unparsed property including invocation
  // arguments if any.
  std::string original_property;

  // The list of line indexes of accessible objects the property is allowed to
  // be called for, used if no property target is provided.
  std::vector<std::string> line_indexes;

  template <class... Args>
  AXPropertyNode* ConnectTo(bool chained, Args&&... args) {
    return chained ? ChainToLastArgument(std::forward<Args>(args)...)
                   : AppendToArguments(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
  }

  template <class... Args>
  AXPropertyNode* AppendToArguments(Args&&... args) {
    arguments.emplace_back(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
    return &arguments.back();
  }
  template <class... Args>
  AXPropertyNode* ChainToLastArgument(Args&&... args) {
    auto* last = &arguments.back();
    while (last->next) {
      last = last->next.get();
    }
    last->next = std::make_unique<AXPropertyNode>(
        AXPropertyNode(std::forward<Args>(args)...));
    return last->next.get();
  }

  bool IsMatching(const std::string& pattern) const;

  // Argument conversion methods.
  bool IsTarget() const { return !!next; }
  bool IsArray() const;
  bool IsDict() const;
  absl::optional<int> AsInt() const;
  std::string AsString() const;
  const AXPropertyNode* FindKey(const char* refkey) const;
  absl::optional<std::string> FindStringKey(const char* refkey) const;
  absl::optional<int> FindIntKey(const char* key) const;

  // Returns a string representation of the node.
  std::string ToString() const;

  // Returns a flat, single line string representing the node tree.
  std::string ToFlatString() const;

  // Returns a tree-like string representing the node tree.
  std::string ToTreeString(const std::string& indent = "") const;

  using iterator = std::string::const_iterator;

  explicit AXPropertyNode(iterator key_begin,
                          iterator key_end,
                          const std::string&);
  AXPropertyNode(iterator begin, iterator end);
  AXPropertyNode(iterator key_begin,
                 iterator key_end,
                 iterator value_begin,
                 iterator value_end);

 private:
  // Used by Parse to indicate a state the parser currently has.
  enum ParseState {
    kArgument,
    kChain,
  };

  // Builds a property node struct for a string of NAME(ARG1, ..., ARGN) format,
  // where each ARG is a scalar value or a string of the same format.
  static iterator Parse(AXPropertyNode* node, iterator begin, iterator end);
};

}  // namespace ui

#endif  // UI_ACCESSIBILITY_PLATFORM_INSPECT_AX_PROPERTY_NODE_H_

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


When some fo 10 more reps, you give 15. Keep pushing the boundaries with the re-designed Cardio Ultra 3.0 from LES MILLS™. Featuring TurnZone technology and an improved anatomic design for ultimate support and stability, these shoes have no quit. Just like you. • AdaptAMove cage upper for added support • Low-cut design for freedom of motion and quicker transitions • Dual-layer foam midsole for cushioning • TurnZone design for smooth pivoting • Multi-surface herringbone outsole for traction • Cardio S-Frame for cushioning and support.


Image courtesy of New South Associates, Inc.
Ever wonder what archaeologists really do? Want to get involved in preserving Georgia's past? Come to Archaeology Day on May 5th to find out! We'll have a variety of activities and exhibits for you and your family to dig deep into the real work archaeologists do.


Emma is 7 years old and was diagnosed with Type 1 in September 2001. Her mother also has had Type 1 for 32 years.
Emma is homeschooled with her 8 year old brother and can be seen on wishstars.com modeling several outfits - click on the Amazon link and search for "emma". She has been in several talent and beauty pageants and recently took 4th place in the talent competition. She plays soccer, volleyball and participates in Pom and Cheer competitions. Emma and her mom are in the process of getting on the pump.
Tammy, Emma's grandmother, can be reached via e-mail at tmentzer1 [@] cox.net.


Thalassemia syndrome has diverse clinical presentations and a global spread that has far exceeded the classical Mediterranean basin where the mutations arose. The mutations that give rise to either alpha or beta thalassemia are numerous, resulting in a wide spectrum of clinical severity ranging from carrier state to life-threatening, inherited hemolytic anemia that requires regular blood transfusion. Beta thalassemia major constitutes a remarkable challenge to health care providers. The complications arising due to the anemia, transfusional iron overload, as well as other therapy-related complications add to the complexity of this condition. To produce this consensus opinion manuscript, a PubMed search was performed to gather evidence-based original articles, review articles, as well as published work reflecting the experience of physicians and scientists in the Arabian Gulf region in an effort to standardize the management protocol.
Thalassemia is a group of inherited disorders that arise as a result of certain mutations in hemoglobin (Hb) genes, affecting the makeup of Hb in the red blood cells, which leads to certain pathophysiological disorders . The genetic disorder is characterized by the absolute or partial synthesis of one or more alpha (α)- or beta (β)-globin chains [2, 3]. The types of β-thalassemia are called major, intermedia, and minor. β-Thalassemia major is caused by a defect in 2 genes that leads to absence or a severe decrease in β-globin synthesis. β-Thalassemia intermedia is a clinical phenotype with moderate anemia and transfusion independence. Genetically it results from mutations in the 2 β genes resulting in mild to moderate decrease in their synthesis. β-Thalassemia minor, or thalassemia trait, occurs when the defect is present in only 1 gene .
β-Thalassemia carriers comprise 1.5% of the worldwide population, with an estimated 60,000 infants with a serious defect being born every year . In the United States, approximately 1,000 individuals have β-thalassemia major, the most severe form of thalassemia . It is most commonly found in people of Mediterranean descent, such as Italians and Greeks, but also affects people from other parts of the world such as Africa, the Middle East, the Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia [2, 5].
Blood transfusions are often required to treat patients with thalassemia major, who are transfusion-dependent and frequently need to receive 2 to 4 units per month of packed red blood cells . Patients with β-thalassemia major require transfusions throughout life to achieve the target Hb level in the range 9 to 10 g/dL and to promote normal growth [7, 8]. Iron overload can develop in transfusion-dependent patients as a result of non-removal of excess iron. High iron concentration load can cause complications due to iron deposition in organs such as the heart, liver, and endocrine glands.
Thalassemia is the most common form of inherited anemia worldwide . It occurs with a high frequency in a broad belt extending from the Mediterranean basin through to the Middle East, Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia . Thalassemia is a growing global health problem due to extensive population migrations. About 3% of the world population (about 200 million people) are carriers of the β-thalassemia gene .
The incidence of β-thalassemia in Arabian Gulf countries is not clearly known due to lack of mandatory screening programs [12–16]. The majority of data were obtained from scattered screening studies using Hb electrophoresis as summarized in Table 1.
β-Thalassemia is a group of heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorders arising due to the absence or reduced synthesis of the β-globin chain . β-Thalassemia could be associated with severe congenital disorders caused by mutations in the β-globin gene resulting in the absence or reduced synthesis of the β-globin chain [1, 12]. This deficit of β-globin chains leads to precipitation of excess α-globin chains resulting in the formation of inclusion bodies, which contribute to hemolysis of red blood cells. Hematological changes are manifested between the ages of 3 months and 6 months onwards . Over 200 different mutations have been elucidated worldwide, and the mutations are population-specific. In the Middle East, codon 39 (C > T), IVSI-110 (G > A), IVSI-1 (G > A), IVSI-6 (T > C), IVSII-1 (G > A), codon 5(−CT), and IVSI-5 (G > C) mutations account for more than 90% of β-thalassemia mutations in the region. However, these mutations differ in numbers and frequencies between different populations of the Middle East. Over 50 different mutations have been identified in the Arab populations, reflecting the heterogeneity of these populations [19, 20]. The molecular spectrum of β-thalassemia in the Arab populations of Jordan, Egypt, Syrian Arab Republic, Lebanon, Yemen, and Saudi Arabia revealed that the most frequent mutations were: IVS-1-5 (G–C), IVS-II-1 (G–A), IVS-1-1, Fr 8/9, Fr 41/42, Cd 15, Cd 16, Cap +1 (A–C), IVS-1-110, IVS-1-3′ end (−25 bp) and IVS-1-6 [21–23].
β-Thalassemia comprises a complex spectrum of clinical presentations. The clinical phenotype is influenced by the genetic phenotype and other modifiers. The basic disease is caused by the inability to produce normal β-globin chain with the consequence of excess α-chain, leading to disruption of the α:β ratio, which in turn will cause various cellular and clinical syndromes [1, 24].
β-thalassemia silent carriers; asymptomatic, one β-globin chain is normal and the other is partially defective (ββ+).
β-thalassemia trait; one β-chain is totally defective and the other is normal (ββ°). These patients have mild anemia, and <20% have palpable spleen [25, 26].
Treatment of individuals with thalassemia intermedia is symptomatic . As hypersplenism may cause worsening anemia, retarded growth, and mechanical disturbance from the large spleen, splenectomy is recommended. Prevention of post-splenectomy sepsis includes standard immunization and antibiotic prophylaxis. The gallbladder should be inspected during splenectomy and removed in all cases to prevent gallstones. Treatment of extra-medullary erythropoietic masses, detected by magnetic resonance imaging, is based on radiotherapy, transfusions, or hydroxycarbamide. Leg ulcer requires regular blood transfusions, zinc supplementation, hydroxycarbamide, pentoxifylline, and possibly erythropoietin and platelet-derived growth factor. The high risk of thrombosis, exacerbated by splenectomy, requires proper anticoagulation and/or antiplatelet agents prior to surgical or other high-risk procedures. Chelation therapy is essential to prevent iron overload. In some Arabian Gulf countries, patients with known thalassemia intermedia mutations (e.g., Hb Dhofar) are regularly hyper-transfused from the beginning to avoid the serious complications of excessive medullary and extra-medullary haematopoiesis [34, 35].
β-thalassemia major (transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia); total impairment of β-globin chain production leading to excess α-globin chain, which in turn is unable to form soluble tetramers and is precipitated in the cell, leading to a sequence of cellular and clinical events. These patients are well at birth, and the clinical picture will start after the fetal Hb (Hb F) switch to adult Hb (Hb A) fails because there is no β-chain produced, leading to anemia, which usually starts after 6 months of age. The severity of phenotype is heterogeneous depending on the type of mutation influencing the β-chain production, e.g., β°, β+, the balance between α- and β-chain and Hb F production [27, 29, 30, 36–39]. The manifestations in untreated patients include pallor, irritability, cardiac failure, growth failure, hepato-splenomegaly, bone abnormality, and features of hemolysis. The majority of untreated patients under the age of 5 years die due to anemia, heart failure, or infections [27, 40–45].
HB hemoglobin, Hb A adult hemoglobin, Hb F fetal hemoglobin, MCV mean corpuscular volume.
The patients who have severe β-thalassemia develop symptoms in the first year of life with progressive anemia, failure to thrive, poor feeding, intermittent bouts of infection, and general malaise in most cases. These infants are pale and, in many cases, splenomegaly is already present. A few patients might present as late as between the third to fifth year of age [27, 30, 46]. The diagnosis of β-thalassemia requires a patient history, physical examination, and confirmatory laboratory tests including complete blood count and blood film morphology, both demonstrating microcytic hypochromic anemia, and confirmation by alkaline Hb electrophoresis (Table 2) .
The final step in a diagnostic approach is to perform DNA studies on the genetic material extracted from peripheral blood. This will identify the type of the mutation and help identify the silent carriers .
Avoidance of adverse reactions, including transmission of infectious agents.
The recommended treatment for thalassemia major involves lifelong, regular blood transfusions, usually administered every 2 to 5 weeks to maintain the pre-transfusion Hb level above 9.5-10.5 g/dL [50, 51]. However, in most of the Gulf countries, 9 g/dL is accepted as the minimum pre-transfusion Hb level. Higher levels (11–12 g/dL) may be needed for patients with cardiac complications. The post-transfusion Hb is kept not higher than 14–15 g/dL.
Our practice includes extended red cell antigen typing of patients including C, E, and Kell before the first transfusion. At each transfusion, we do a full cross match and screening for the new antibodies. Matching for C, E, and Kell antigens is only done for negative patients. The blood is leuko-reduced with pre-storage filtrations. Some countries also practice bed-side filtrations. Transfusion is attended by nurses who report any adverse reactions. Blood that has not been transfused by 4 hours after hooking is discarded.
During the introduction of a regular transfusion program in the early 1960s, an iron chelating agent demonstrated improved survival. However, iron overload is still one of the most critical issues, and its complications remain the most important cause of morbidity and mortality [52, 53]. In addition, the lack of adherence to an iron chelating agent regimen is considered an important factor in suboptimal clinical improvement and poor prognosis . Many significant developments have been made in the assessment of iron overload, and advances in the modalities available for iron chelation have expanded treatment options and improved treatment management.
In a chronically transfused patient, one unit of blood contains 200 mg iron . Since humans have no physiologic mechanism for active elimination of excess iron, patients receiving regular RBC transfusions develop cumulative iron overload and are at risk for iron toxicity .
In addition to the transfused iron, thalassemia patients absorb more iron than normal individuals. The mechanism of increased absorption in thalassemia patients is thought to be related to paradoxical Hepcidin suppression from dys-erythropoiesis . Free iron is subsequently deposited primarily in parenchymal cells of different organs. Then it will participate in oxidative reactions to generate free oxygen radicals, which can lead to chronic cell toxicity and DNA damage .
Parameters used to monitor iron load include serum ferritin, liver biopsy, and MRI assessment of liver and cardiac iron, in conjunction with functional testing such as echocardiography, liver function test, and measures of endocrine function.
Serum ferritin is the most commonly used parameter for monitoring iron overload despite its inaccuracy and limitation in assessing the body iron overload. It is a valuable method to roughly assess the long-term, overall status of iron overload and to monitor response to chelation therapy. It is also valuable due to its ease of measurement and wide availability, and it correlates with cardiac impairment and survival but not with hepatic iron . Serum ferritin is elevated in many other conditions such as infections, inflammation, or malignancy. Iron overload is generally defined as serum ferritin consistently ≥ 1000 ng/L . It is recommended to know the baseline level of ferritin and to assess the trend by taking serial measurement of serum ferritin every 3 months. In the Gulf area, due to the wide availability of the test in all treating centers, the test is done on a monthly basis.
Liver iron concentration remains the most accurate measure of total body iron loading , and liver biopsy was previously considered to be the gold standard of liver iron assessment, but is an invasive procedure associated with a risk of complications. Liver biopsy is still performed to evaluate liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma, which are possible complications in all patients with liver iron overload. It is well known that a hepatic iron level of 7–15 mg/g dry weight is associated with an increased risk of complications; a higher level increases risk of cardiac disease and early death. However, because of its invasive nature and lack of cultural acceptance, this test is rarely performed in the Gulf area centers.
MRI is the method of choice in the monitoring of various organs' iron levels where the measurement of tissue proton transverse relaxation rates (R2) was shown to have excellent correlation with liver iron concentration measured by biopsy . An annual monitoring of R2 MRI is recommended, which can be extended to every 2 years for patients with normal liver iron or at the lower end of the ideal iron range of less than 7 mg/g dry weight. Additionally, liver iron levels should also be correlated with standard liver function tests.
Similar to liver iron measurement, MRI has been widely used to annually monitor iron levels in the heart where the measurements of T2*, a relaxation parameter intrinsic to protons placed in the magnetic field, is utilized . In the Gulf region, very few centers have this tool available. It is recommended to expand this service for thalassemia patients because MRI is a noninvasive, reliable, and accurate method of assessing iron overload.
There are 3 main available chelators: deferoxamine, deferiprone, and deferasirox (Table 3); deferiprone and deferasirox are oral chelators that have come into the clinic in recent years. They are different in molecular weight, leading to differences in intestinal absorption. For several decades, the only available iron chelator was deferoxamine .
In the Gulf region, deferoxamine has been available since the early 1970s, and nowadays it is much less widely used except in combined chelation therapy. In 1999, deferiprone was introduced to Oman and has been widely used as monotherapy or combined therapy. In other Gulf States it was introduced in early 2000s. Although the international guidelines recommend the use of deferiprone after the age of 6 years, in some Arabian Gulf countries the syrup formulation has been widely used with good efficacy for children 2 years and above with no serious complications. In a recent study, continued deferiprone therapy during episodes of mild neutropenia (down to 1×109/L) has not been associated with progression to agranulocytosis . We recommend giving extensive counseling to the patients, with clear instructions to report to hospital emergency in case of fever and to have an urgent CBC with ANC count.
Deferasirox has been available in the Gulf area since 2007. It has been widely used across all the Gulf countries. Side effects are comparable (Table 3) to those published in the literature , and its efficacy has been demonstrated in many clinical trials . It is used only as monotherapy. Some patients do not respond to the maximum dose of 40 mg/kg/day, however, and compliance may be an issue with this drug, just as it is for the other available chelators.
HSCT has the potential to be curative for thalassemia major and has been increasingly adopted, with cautions. The first two cases of HSCT for thalassemia were performed in 1981, one in Seattle, Washington, and the other in Pesaro, Italy . Since 1981, a large clinical experience has been gained with more than 2,000 HCSTs in centers around the world. The patient classes have been identified on the basis of 3 risk factors (the Pesaro classification): inadequate iron chelation therapy, presence of liver fibrosis, and hepatomegaly (Table 4) .
Since gonadal damage occurs with the myeloablative conditioning regimens currently used in thalassemia transplants, it is important to try to perform transplant as early as possible to minimize infertility. An age range of 2–5 years may seem reasonable . For several reasons an earlier patient age at transplant has a better outcome because a fewer number of transfusions (allosensitization) would decrease the chances of rejection, and complications of iron overload and organ and transplant-related toxicity will be less. Accordingly, tolerance for myeloablative conditioning regimens would be better compared with older age groups and adults [68, 69].
The standard conditioning regimen that is practiced in most HSCT units all over the world, especially for class I and II patients, consists of busulfan and cyclophosphamide and GVHD prophylaxis in the form of cyclosporine A and methotrexate [70, 71]. New developments in conditioning regimens have taken place over the last decade. The introduction of IV busulfan with drug level monitoring and IV fludarabine improved the efficacy and reduced the toxicity of transplant outcome . In addition, HSCT outcome for patients of older age with advanced disease receiving a second transplant improved markedly with improved pre-transplantation preparation and simultaneous use of myeloablative and prolonged immune suppression. In order to be utilized effectively and to minimize toxicity and rejection, it is important that busulfan levels are monitored and doses adjusted accordingly [72, 73]. Several centers have recently reported using new therapeutic conditioning regimens utilizing the combination of treosulfan, thiotepa, and fludarabine because treosulfan does not require therapeutic drug monitoring. The outcome of the new regimen may be effective and safer even for more advanced thalassemia and may replace busulfan as the conditioning of choice [74, 75].
While HSCT from a bone marrow harvest of a fully HLA-matched donor is the recommended option, genetically matched umbilical cord blood can be a suitable source . This provides an alternate source of stem cells with minimal risk to the donor. In the Gulf area, experience with this form of HSCT is still very limited.
Two countries are doing HSCT, namely Oman and Saudi Arabia. Between 1996 and 2010, a total of 47 patients with thalassemia major underwent matched sibling donor HSCTs in Oman. Most received busulfan and cyclophosphamide with or without ATG, while more recently patients received busulfan and fludarabine. Eighty-nine percent are alive and free from thalassemia at a median follow-up of 125 months (22–197 months). Graft rejection was 8.5%, and transplant-related mortality was 4.3% .
In Saudi Arabia, transplants in 60 thalassemic patients were done between January 1998 and July 2006 from HLA-related, matched donors. The overall survival and event-free survival were 94% and 77%, respectively .
Iron overload can be either from thalassemia itself or from frequent blood transfusions. The damage is characterized by excessive iron deposition without adequate iron chelation therapy; almost all patients with β-thalassemia will accumulate potentially fatal iron levels . A range of complications including endocrinopathies, hypersplenism, infertility, hepatobiliary, musculoskeletal, and cardiopulmonary can arise. Complications are linked to overstimulation of the bone marrow, dysfunctional erythropoiesis, an increase in iron burden, imbalance of oxidant/antioxidant ratio, and chelation of essential elements such as zinc.
Endocrinopathies are characterized by poor growth; delayed puberty, infertility, and impaired glucose tolerance are some complications that can occur in thalassemia patients [79–81]. Hypogonadism is a common complication that occurs due to a high iron burden [82–85]. Endocrine complications arise possibly due to factors that influence the anterior pituitary gland, which might be due to free radical oxidative stress damage for the pituitary and hypothalamus leading to growth hormone deficiency, resulting in delayed growth and infertility [85, 86].
Early and appropriate management is crucial in β-thalassemia patients, and hormone therapy is an effective option in the management of hypogonadism . Hormone therapy to young β-thalassemia patients with low iron burden can induce increases in height, growth, and stimulate puberty [83, 88]. Initiating aggressive and appropriate chelation therapy is important along with hormone therapy to minimize iron deposition in the endocrine glands. Along with hormone therapy, zinc supplementation is recommended in patients who have growth impairment and low serum zinc levels [85, 89].
Hypersplenism is another complication in patients who have either thalassemia major or thalassemia intermedia, leading to compromised immune function. It is associated with leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and increased requirement for transfusions. Splenomegaly (enlarged spleen) develops in these patients, often requiring a splenectomy, which is conducted to reduce the need for red cell transfusion [89–92].
In women with β-thalassemia, infertility is a common issue due to iron deposition and oxidative damage to endocrine organs as a result of blood transfusions. However, with advances in the management of thalassemia, chances of conceiving have increased and pregnancy has become more prevalent, but pregnancy is not recommended in women who have cardiac dysfunction . For women who are at high risk of iron overload and who intend to conceive, an echocardiography is recommended before conception and during pregnancy to evaluate cardiac function .
Management of pregnant women with thalassemia major requires blood transfusions and maintaining a Hb level of at least 10 g/dL . According to the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) guidelines, iron chelation therapy with deferoxamine is not recommended during pregnancy because its safety has not been well established [93, 95]. For patients who are at high risk of increased iron deposition in the heart and liver, oral chelation therapy should be used with caution . Administration of deferasirox to animals during pregnancy and lactation resulted in reduced offspring viability . It is important to note that the oral chelator deferiprone is a fairly small molecule that can cross the placenta, and therefore it is contraindicated in pregnancy . After pregnancy, patients can resume iron chelation therapy.
It has been documented that within 2 years of transfusion initiation, hepatocellular injury can occur when the liver iron concentrations exceed normal levels, leading to tissue damage, collagen formation, and portal fibrosis . Furthermore, in the presence of infections such as hepatitis C virus infection, there is increased risk of the development of liver fibrogenesis. Reducing iron burden would reduce liver fibrosis and improve survival in β-thalassemia patients since liver iron concentrations greater than 7 mg/g dried weight are shown to be linked to increased morbidity and mortality . Furthermore, β-thalassemia patients might potentially benefit from combination therapy with iron chelators and green tea extract to decrease the progression of liver fibrosis .
Patients with thalassemia may exhibit dramatic skeletal abnormalities, frequently leading to marked structural changes and delayed skeletal maturation, due to the expansion of erythroid bone marrow, which widens the marrow spaces, attenuates the cortex and produces osteoporosis. The skull and facial bones are often strikingly abnormal, there is prominent frontal bossing, delayed pneumatization of the sinuses, and marked overgrowth of the maxillae. Premature fusion of the epiphyses can result in characteristic shortening of the limbs, particularly the arms. Of equal concern is the thinning of the cortices due to marrow expansion, which often results in pathologic fractures .
Bone disease in thalassemia is also attributable to additional factors including iron deposit in bone, vitamin D deficiency, and deferoxamine toxicity in bone. The interactions among iron, hemopoietic cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts in bone tissue have never been explained [101, 102]. There is now a growing awareness that many transfusion-dependent adult patients with β-thalassemia major and intermedia suffer from long-standing bone pain, low bone mass, and fractures.
Current transfusion and chelation practices might be insufficient to prevent the development of low bone mass, and additional strategies to improve bone mineral density are required. There is a need for clinical trials to determine the appropriate form of hormone replacement therapy along with vitamin D supplementation as other strategies to optimize bone accrual in this disease. In thalassemia patients with iron overload, regular assessment of bone density from puberty every 2 years if normal, and annually if abnormal, might be required. Additionally, it is necessary to ensure adequate calcium intake, sun exposure, and vitamin D intake. Bisphosphonate therapy may be indicated if osteoporosis is documented .
Cardiopulmonary dysfunction represents one of the most under-diagnosed complications. The main cardiac abnormalities reported in patients with thalassemia major and iron overload are left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, arrhythmias, and pericarditis. These cardiac abnormalities are closely related to concomitant endocrine deficiencies, thromboembolic events, and inflammatory milieu [104, 105].
Iron-induced cardiomyopathy is slowly progressive, and it usually takes several decades for clinical or laboratory features of cardiac dysfunction to manifest [106–108]. Cardiac complications represent the leading cause of mortality in thalassemia major with uncontrolled iron overload. Following the introduction of chelating therapies, an important and progressive increase of life expectancy mainly due to improvement of cardiac dysfunction has been demonstrated [106–108].
Pulmonary impairment is shown in a great proportion of patients, even among asymptomatic young patients, thus, regular screening of pulmonary function should be adopted in the routine clinical follow-up of these patients . Pulmonary hypertension is common in thalassemia and contributes to mortality. Advancing age and a history of splenectomy are major risk factors in this population. Guidelines for the management of pulmonary hypertension in thalassemia have not yet been established, however, clinical trials are ongoing in an effort to guide future therapy [90, 110, 111].
Educate patients and parents to understand the magnitude of the illness.
Provide support to patients to be able to take care of themselves.
Facilitate a normal lifestyle and encourage patients in ways to develop a normal adult life.
These objectives can be achieved by the support of a well-trained, multidisciplinary team who understands chronic hereditary diseases.
Improvement in the life expectancy of patients with β-thalassemia major is due to effective transfusion and iron chelation therapy. However, the only current curative treatment is stem cell transplantation, which is becoming more utilized in good patient candidates, and several centers are doing it in the Gulf States–in particular Saudi Arabia. Production of fetal Hb by cytotoxic agents such as demethylation agents and hydroxyurea, has been explored over the last two decades [115, 116].
Prevention of thalassemia is the only solution to efficiently reduce the huge medical, social, and economic impact in countries where it occurs with high frequency. Premarital screening became mandatory for hemoglobinopathies in Saudi Arabia with the intention to decrease the prevalence of the disease [115, 117]. Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis is an important option for couples at risk of having children with β-globin mutations . Some premarital and antenatal screening centers in the Gulf area refrain from aborting fetuses owing to religious and cultural reasons. Public awareness and related social activities are important tools to improve the understanding of the burden of this disease and of how to support preventive programs aiming to eradicate this disease.
The prevalence of thalassemia syndrome in the Arabian Gulf area necessitates more work to estimate the size of this health problem and its impact on the community and the quality of life of the patients and their families. The rationale behind the interest in thalassemia is its responsiveness to treatment with regular blood transfusion and the reversibility of complications with iron chelation. In the Gulf States there is a great potential for improving the quality of care provided to thalassemia patients, hence this manuscript was prepared to emphasize the importance of neonatal screening programs.
Efforts of the health care providers should be directed to improve the early diagnosis and management of β-thalassemia through enrolling the patients in a Thalassemia Center of Excellence to ensure the maximum service and to prevent disease complications. Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis is an option that has become widely accepted religiously and socially to prevent severe β-thalassemia in the Gulf Countries.
This work was funded in part through an unrestricted grant from ApoPharma Inc., Toronto, Canada. Kelly A. Keating (Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences) edited the manuscript for English language and organization.
The authors had 3 meetings over a 9 month period to summarize the evidences based on published data and to bring their expertise in the management of thalassemia patients. All authors contributed to the writing and integration of the different segments of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Exjade product monograph USA. 2011,http://www.drugs.com/monograph/exjade.html.
Guideline: Alternative approaches to the treatment of thalassemia. http://www.ithanet.eu/ithapedia/index.php/Guideline:Alternative_approaches_to_the_treatment_of_thalassemia.


So I know that various people have been posting up their Shadow Amp ideas but thought it might be nice to have a single thread where we could all post our ideas for new amps as a single point resource for those who like/play Anarchy. I'll be posting mine here as I go.
This combat drug is popular with those who can't afford implants or who don't have magic. The effects are impressive, giving someone the power and speed of the augmented, but it does come with drawbacks being both highly addictive and taking a physical toll on the body.
Downsides - only effective for a single scene. At the end of the scene take 3 physical damage, gain Low Pain Tolerance for the next scene and make a hard (vs 10 dice) Strength + Willpower test. Failure means that the drug can't be used again for this contract unless a plot point is spent to activate it. A glitch means that you are now addicted and must make a hard (vs 10 dice) Strength + Willpower test at the start of each contract. Failure means you must take the drug at the earliest opportunity in the contract or suffer -2 dice to all tests until you do so.
So I've now created a spreadsheet that I'm using to collate all of my new Amps in a single location.
I'm also going through the forum posts and adding any that have been put forward by others (fully credited and colour coded in green on the spreadsheet to show they are not my own work) but it is a work in progess.
I like that you have a cost breakdown. It's important because the books Amp costs are not always correct.
One thing I don't understand is why adding rerolls has the same cost as adding dice. Any clarification on this? It seems like the amps in the book use one or the other with no rhyme or reason, but I'm using the oudatedcopy (hardcopy in mail). Also, what constitutes as an "advanced" effect?
All mechanics have the same cost because the dice pools are smaller, the different mods are capped at 3 each, and they interact with pre-Edge and post-Edge differently.
Reroll vs. Adding dice: One mechanic is not twice as good as the other, so if one cost 1, the other cannot cost 2.
Thematically, adding dice is more about aptitude and power while rerolls are more about accuracy and precision, but they basically do the same thing. I am no math wizard but I think rerolls do better with smaller pools/pre-Edge but dice pool increases do better with larger pools/post-Edge. But don't quote me; i don't care enough to figure it out. I just stick with the theme.
An advanced effect, as far as I understand, is anything that does something other than adding/subtracting dice, rerolls, adding damage, reducing damage, or acting upon the narrative. I would imagine knockdowns, stuns, and other such effects.
Basically rerolls and extra dice are the same as long as enough dice fails to "cover" your reroll capacity. I guess the main reason to differenciate both is to be able to combine both on a single or two amps.
With small dice pools, adding dice has the potential to exceed your ability on very lucky rolls, while rerolls does not. With large dice pools I don't think it matters, because the chance of rolling 100% hits with more than a few dice is minuscule.
Personally, I favor adding dice over rerolling simply because it streamlines play. Since net hits matter in combat, people will always reroll misses, which means two rolls every time. It's less of an issue in skill checks, because if you've hit the threshold then the reroll can be skipped. The other factor is how you're rolling. It's easy to add bonus dice to an auto-roller like in roll20 (say a button that will roll against a skill for you), and very difficult to automatically reroll with one.
If the potential to exceed your skill on a roll is an issue for a particular roll, instead of using rerolls you can just cap the number of hits to ATTR+SKILL in the exceedingly rare event that it happens.
Thanks for the clarification, chums! The main source of my confusion was that the sample amps in the book seemed to follow no pattern and thus made some amps a bit stronger than others since bonus dice is more powerful. Unless I'm mistaken, rerolls are always inferior as there is no pre/post edging but rather a dice steroid on a single roll.
I was confused by the same thing, to the point where I actually emailed the developer to ask about it. The crux of his reply was that they're to serve as examples, and it's really up to you how to build amps. The default for Anarchy is rerolls, but if you prefer adding dice then go for it. There's little mechanical difference, so it mostly comes down to which feels more fun.


Roundtable discussions have been effectively used for educational purposes for years. However, being widely used in an academic environment as a tool for education, roundtable discussions remain under-investigated as a form of summative and formative assessment. The purpose of this research was to determine the efficiency of a roundtable discussion to evaluate subject knowledge and to test EFL/ESL proficiency level both during the classroom assessment and final examination. To use a roundtable discussion as an objective assessment tool, clear criteria were developed. They included but were not limited to scoring the task completion, macro and micro skills in speaking and language components, which were assessed according to the CEFR descriptor bands appropriate to the students' level of learning. Being crucial to the development of general communicative competence, macro and micro skills in speaking were also taken into account during the assessment stage. Results of the research showed that roundtable discussions were clearly advantageous to face-to-face interviews in honing general academic skills, assessing subject knowledge of the course and students' EFL/ESL language skills. This suggests that the use of roundtable discussions can be recommended as a form of summative and formative assessment.


text:
Covid-19 News: Cuomo Says New York Will Vet Federally Authorized Vaccines
Mr. Angadi was a powerful politician from the southern state of Karnataka, where he worked to strengthen the base of Bharatiya Janata Party, the Hindu nationalist party that rules India.
India's prime minister, Narendra Modi, said Mr. Angadi was an effective minister who worked hard to strengthen his party, and was admired across the political spectrum.
"His demise is saddening," Mr. Modi wrote on Twitter.
With 5.7 million confirmed cases, India has the world's second-highest caseload after the United States and is inching toward the top spot. At least 91,000 Indians have been killed by the virus, and the country recorded 1,129 deaths on Wednesday.
At least 17 Indian lawmakers have tested positive for Covid-19, a majority of them from the Bharatiya Janata Party, according to officials.
In other developments around the world:
China National Biotec Group, a front-runner in developing a coronavirus vaccine, will donate 200,000 doses of its vaccine to health care workers in the city of Wuhan, where the pandemic first emerged nine months ago, the chairman of the company said on Thursday. The vaccine, which is developed by the Wuhan Institute of Biological Products and the Wuhan Institute of Virology, has only cleared two phases of clinical trials but has been approved for emergency use. It is currently in the final stage of trials in more than 10 countries.
Indonesia's virus death toll surpassed 10,000 on Thursday, as new cases surged around the country and among top officials. Until last week, the country had never reached 4,000 new cases in a single day, but it has now passed that mark five times. Over the past week it has reported nearly 30,000 new cases, on par with Britain, Israel and Mexico. A third minister in the cabinet of President Joko Widodo also tested positive this week. Indonesia, the world's fourth most populous country, already has the second-highest death toll from the coronavirus in the Asia-Pacific region, after India. Experts believe that many more deaths have gone unreported.
Germany on Thursday added the cities of Copenhagen, Dublin and Lisbon to a list of high-risk areas in the European Union that travelers are being encouraged to avoid. Germany has a seven-day average of about 1,700 new cases a day. The country's foreign minister, Heiko Maas, has also gone into quarantine after a person on his staff tested positive for the virus.
Hong Kong has added the United Kingdom to its list of high-risk countries, meaning that, starting Oct. 1, arriving visitors must show proof of a negative coronavirus test within 72 hours of boarding their flight. Travelers must also have a confirmed hotel reservation for a mandatory 14-day quarantine.
Breaking with a lucrative winter tradition, Chancellor Sebastian Kurz of Austria announced on Thursday that, while resorts would be allowed to open for skiing, après-ski, or after-ski, gatherings would not be allowed this coming season. At many European resorts, après ski is characterized by copious amounts of alcohol, live music and exuberant celebration. Last winter, health officials traced hundreds of virus cases to the après ski in the Austrian village of Ischgl.
Reporting was contributed by Matt Apuzzo, Aurelien Breeden, Ben Casselman, Choe Sang-Hun, Melissa Eddy, Michael Gold, Christine Hauser, Mike Ives, Miriam Jordan, Isabel Kershner, Mark Landler, Jeffery C. Mays, Raphael Minder, Christina Morales, Eshe Nelson, Benjamin Novak, Richard C. Paddock, Elian Peltier, Monika Pronczuk, Roni Caryn Rabin, Adam Satariano, Anna Schaverien, Christopher F. Schuetze, Dera Menra Sijabat, Sheryl Gay Stolberg, Sui-Lee Wee, Sameer Yasir and Elaine Yu.
Don't Miss it As coronavirus spreads, doctors sound alarm about shortage of essential supplies | 7.30
Up Next Most Americans to be vaccinated for Covid-19 by July: CDC chief
Coronavirus Videos How the US' pandemic response crumbles under the current power struggles
Coronavirus News Melania Trump took a different approach to coronavirus in her speech, but cancel culture still got the spotlight on day two of the RNC
Coronavirus Videos UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson to 'lead the national fightback' from home – BBC News
Coronavirus Videos Trump lays blame on China as the US records more than 200.000 COVID deaths | DW News
Coronavirus News Senior presumed to have COVID-19 left soiled in bed for days after home care visits cancelled