text:
May - June 2020 Pneumonia mortality, comorbidities matter?
Pulmonology (previously Revista Portuguesa de Pneumologia) is the official journal of the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology (Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP). The journal publishes 6 issues per year, mainly about respiratory system diseases in adults and clinical research. This work can range from peer-reviewed original articles to review articles, editorials, and opinion articles. The journal is printed in English, and is freely available in its web page as well as in Medline and other databases.
Science Citation Index Expanded, Journal of Citation Reports; Index Medicus/MEDLINE; Scopus; EMBASE/Excerpta Medica
Pages 123-129 (May - June 2020)
DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2019.10.003
Pneumonia mortality, comorbidities matter?
Venceslau Hespanhola,
espanholv1@gmail.com
hespanholv@gmail.com
, Cristina Bárbarab
a Pulmonology Department, Centro Hospitalar S. João, Alameda Hernâni Monteiro, 4200 Porto, Portugal
b Direção Geral da Saúde, Instituto da Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal
Table 1. Patients & Characteristics & Case Fatalities.
Table 2. Pneumonia Hospital Mortality, Adjusted Risk Factors (nº cases - 35,470).
Additional material (1)
Pneumonia remains one of the most important causes of mortality. In Portugal, it is the first cause of respiratory death, excluding lung cancer. This is a retrospective cohort study designed to seek for explanations, identifying the characteristics of patients and measure the impact of each one of them on the risk of dying from pneumonia. We analyzed demographic and clinical data of all patients (pts) with 18 years or older with pneumonia requiring hospitalization registered on the national health service registry of mainland Portugal over 2015. A total of 36366 patients corresponding to 40696 pneumonia hospital admissions in 2015 were analyzed. Most of the patients were very old (median age 80 years). Hospital mortality for pneumonia was higher among older (30,3% pts>75 years). Pneumococcus is the more frequent bacterial isolate, reaching 41.2% of the isolates of total pneumonia cases. The frequency of pneumococcus decreases with aging; conversely, gram-negative bacteria and staphylococcus increase. Pneumococcus is more frequently identified in the winter, closely related to influenza outbreaks. Gram-negative bacteria are more prevalent during the summer months. Diabetes, obesity, COPD, and tobacco smoking are not associated with an increased risk of dying from pneumonia. Patients older than 75 years; living in a senior house; or with chronic renal disease, lung cancer, metastatic disease, mobility impairment, cachexia, dementia, cerebrovascular disease, and ischemic heart disease are at greater risk of dying from pneumonia. Comorbidities contribute decisively to the risk of dying from pneumonia in the hospital, regardless of their type or origin.
Hospitalized pneumonia mortality
Risk model
Pneumonia has always been recognized as a terrifying disease. William Osler1 in the nineteenth century made multiple descriptions of its different forms of presentation and their relationship with frail, vulnerable, and elderly people.1 Despite medical science, better health-care access, specialized units, sophisticated life-support systems, and even extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), year after year, pneumonia mortality rates reach 30% of all respiratory causes of death in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries report.2 According to the last OECD report, Portugal had one of the highest rates of pneumonia mortality.2 The figures on pneumonia occurrence and their distribution in the community (CAP) are almost impossible to determine accurately. Studying hospital admissions for moderate to severe pneumonias has been one way to understand the characteristics and the impact of this disease,3,4 at least the most severe cases. In Portugal, pneumonia is certainly one of the main causes of death, representing 43.9% of all respiratory mortality, excluding lung cancer,5 in 2015. This study was designed to seek explanations for these observations. We intend to analyze occurrence patterns, the distribution and the clinical characteristics of the patients with moderate and severe pneumonias requiring hospital admission to identify the main determinants of their morbimortality.
This study aims to evaluate the demographic distribution and clinical patterns associated with patients with pneumonia requiring hospitalization and their impact on mortality. Using all pneumonia cases admitted during 2015, we will create a risk model generating outcome estimates on the risk of dying for each individual patient.
This is a joint project of the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology and the Priority Health Program for Respiratory Diseases of the Portuguese General Directorate of Health.
In this study, we retrospectively analyzed all patients requiring hospitalization for pneumonia in the National Health Service (NHS) hospitals in mainland Portugal in 2015. The Central Administration of the Portuguese Health System of the Ministry of Health (ACSS) keeps administrative, demographic, and clinical data of all admissions of NHS hospitals that cover the whole Portuguese resident population. The entirely anonymized patients' data, encoded from medical records by specialized codifiers, using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM),6 was the data source for this study.
To make the study more patient-driven, a code number from each patient was generated, maintaining absolute anonymization, allowing us identify if a particular database entry, was a primary case or a readmission. The age, gender, geographical location of residence and hospital where the admission occurred, date of hospitalization up to the first five registered diagnoses by hospital admission, procedures, etiologic microbial information, previous surgery or traumatic event, readmission event, time of readmission, and outcome were the primary data we retrieved from the database. This database included up to 20 entries for diagnosis and procedures. We decided to include the first five registered diagnoses because the majority of the admissions had, at least, five entries for diagnosis.
To make diagnostic information usable, we developed a decision tree, creating diagnostic groups built from the diagnostic codes of the ICD-9-CM registered at each hospitalization (supplementary material). The diagnostic groups were constructed in a way that could easily be classified as comorbidities (diabetes, chronic renal failure, dementia, cachexia, cancer metastatic disease, obesity, alcohol/tobacco, etc.) or complications of the pneumonia if they were being classified as consequences of the disease (sepsis, respiratory failure, shock, empyema, acute renal failure, acid-base or hydroelectrolytic disturbances, etc.). After this classification procedure (supplementary material), the patients' characteristics (age group, gender, diabetes, asthma, COPD, cerebrovascular-disease sequels, dementia, mobility impairment of any cause, cachexia, ischemic heart disease, chronic renal failure, cancer of any site, metastatic cancer, lung cancer, tobacco smoking, obesity, living in a senior house, length of patient stay, airway aspiration, sepsis, sepsis and shock) and microbiologic data were analyzed.
Patients aged 18 years or older admitted to hospital with a discharge primary diagnosis of pneumonia (ICD-9-CM 480–486, 487.0) or patients hospitalized with primary diagnosis of sepsis (ICD-9-CM 038-0389) if the diagnosis of pneumonia was, at least, present in the second of the five analyzed discharge diagnosis, were included.
Patients younger than 18 years old or hospitalized with a discharge primary diagnosis other than pneumonia or a primary diagnosis of sepsis and other than pneumonia in the second diagnosis were excluded.
The clinical and demographic variables (see Table 1) were transformed into indicator variables and coded as0 if the characteristic was absent and 1if present. The median and age-group intervals presented age. The generated age-group variable "age 75" was dichotomous—1 if the patient was 75 or older and 0 if this condition was not met. Clinical variables (diabetes, chronic renal disease, shock, COPD, lung cancer, obesity, etc.) were coded 1 if present and 0 if absent. The outcome of the disease was coded 1 if death occurred and 0 if otherwise and the patient recovered from the disease. The interaction of all these variables and disease outcome was expressed as odds ratios (ORs). Some of them were also displayed as forest plots. A logistic regression was created to adjust the influence between the patient characteristics and the outcome.7 The individual patient outcome estimates could be obtained by getting the sum of the products of the coefficient of each independent variable (β1-n) included in the logistic model (Fig. 2) and their code (X1-n)—1 if a particular characteristic was present and 0 if absent—and replacing this in the formula 1/1+e-(Constant-∑(β1X1+ β2X2+… βnXn))obtain the individual probability of the risk of dying from pneumonia in a hospital. We used STATA Statistical Data Analysis 9.08 and BiostatXL MIX 2.0 (available at: http://www.meta-analysis-made-easy.com) to compute all these estimates.9
Patients & Characteristics & Case Fatalities.
Median Age 80 years
72.6±22.4 (Mean±STD)
Total (pts/adm) : 36.366/ 40,696
Age Groups (years) Cases nº (%) Hospital Mortality nº (%)
18–5050–6060–7070–8080–90>90Total 2,183 (6.0)2,175 (6.0)3,923 (10.8)8,171 (22.5)14,356 (39.5)5,558 (15.2)36,366 115 (5.3)257 (11.8)567 (14.5)1,754 (21.5)4,291 (29.9)2,140 (38.5)9,124 (25.1)
Characteristic (code) Cases by Characteristic Fatality by Characteristic nº (%)
Age 75 (1/0) 25,077 (69.0) / 11,298 (31.0) 7,608 (30.3) / 1,516 (13.4)
Gender (Male, 1 / Female, 2) 18,925 (52.0) / 17,441 (48.0) 4,909 (25.9) / 4,215 (24.2)
Readmission (1/0) 3,584 (9.9) / 32,782 (90.1) 1,093 (30.5) / 8,031 (24.5)
Diabetes (1/0) 5,892 (16.3) / 30,283 (83.7) 1,198 (20.3) / 7,901 (26.09)
Obesity (1/0) 912 (2.6) / 34,562 (97.4) 81 (9.0) / 8,915 (25.8)
Tobacco (1/0) 1,197 (3.3) / 34,978 (96.7) 100 (8.4) / 8,999 (25.7)
COPD (1/0) 4,337 (12.0) / 31,838 (88.0) 773 (17.8) / 8,326 (26.2)
Asthma (1/0) 727 (2.0) / 35,448 (98.0) 49 (6.7) / 9,050 (25.5)
Chronic Renal Disease (1/0) 4,106 (11.4) / 32,069 (88.6) 1,150 (28.0) / 7,949 (24.8)
Lung Cancer (1/0) 607 (1.7) / 35,568 (98.3) 244 (40.2) / 8,855 (24.9)
Cancer (1, yes / 0, no) 2,852 (7.8) / 33,514 (92.2) 1,060 (37.2) / 8,064 (24.0)
Metastatic Cancer (1/0) 644 (1.8) / 35,531 (98.2) 332 (51.6) / 8,767 (24.7)
Ischemic Heart Disease (1/0) 1,732 (4.8) / 34,443 (95.2) 499 (28.8) / 8,600 (25.0)
Cachexia (1/0) 410 (1.1) / 35,765 (98.9) 236 (57.6) / 8,863 (24.8)
Dementia (1/0) 3,410 (9.4) / 32,765 (90.6) 1,196 (35.1) / 7,903 (24.1)
Mobility impairment (1/0) 2,472 (6.8) / 33,703 (93.2) 928 (37.5) / 8,171 (24.2)
Senior House living (1/0) 925 (2.6) / 35,246 (97.4) 379 (41.0) / 8,720 (24.7)
Cerebrovascular disease (1/0) 2,388 (6.6) / 33,787 (93.4) 754 (31.6) / 8,345 (24.7)
Sepsis (1/0) 2,309 (6.4) / 33,865 (93.6) 1,008 (43.7) / 8,091 (23.9)
Sepsis and Shock (1/0) 400 (1.1) / 35,775 (98.9) 224 (56.0) / 8,875 (24.8)
Aspiration Pneumonia (1/0) 132 (0.4) / 36,234 (99.6) 81 (61.4) / 9,043 (25.0)
Hospital Stay ≤1 day/> 1 day (1/0) 2,207 (6.0) / 34,159 (94) 1,648 (74.7) / 74.76 (21.9)
Comorbidities (1/0) 30,565 (84.1) / 5,801 (15.9) 7,892 (25.8) / 1,232 (21.2)
Coded 1 if the characteristic is present, 0 if absent; pts (patients)/adm (admissions).
A total of 36,366 patients corresponding to 40,696 pneumonia hospital admissions in 2015 (Table 1) were evaluable. Hospital mortality (case-fatality) was higher among patients with multiple admissions (30.6% vs. 24.5%).
Most of the patients were hospitalized from 1 to 15 days. Most of the patients (see Table1) were very old, 18,655 (47.1%) aged 80 or older. Hospital mortality increased sharply after the 60s, reaching 38.5% after the 90s.
Most of the patients admitted to hospital for pneumonia were male 18,925 (52%). Diabetes, COPD, and chronic renal disease (CRD) were present in 5892 (16.3%), 4337 (12%), and 4106 (11.4%) of the patients, respectively (Table 1). Cancer of any site was present in 2852 (7.8%) patients, including 607 (1.7%) with lung cancer and 644 (1.8%) with metastatic disease. Cardiac ischemic disease was an important comorbidity identified in 1732 (4.8%) patients. Dementia, serious mobility impairment, cerebrovascular disease, cachexia, and living in senior housing were identified in 3410 (9.4%), 2472 (6.8%), 2388 (6.6%), 410 (1.1%), and 925 (2.6%), respectively, of the pneumonia patients.
Only in 3220 (8.9%) of the pneumonia admissions was it possible to establish the etiology of the pneumonia (supplementary material). Pneumococcus was the microbiologic agent most frequently identified. Other bacteria such as miscellaneous gram-negative and multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus were also relevant isolates identified in the patients with pneumonia requiring hospitalization.
Most pneumonia admissions happened during the colder months, closely related to peak rates of influenza. However, the highest pneumonia hospital mortality rates occurred during the summer from July to September (supplementary material).
The distribution of microbiological isolates showed us the predominance of Pneumococcus during the entire year (supplementary material), representing more than 40% of all virus and bacteria identifications. The microbiologic identifications had different distributions throughout the months of the year (supplementary material). There is a proportional increase of the identification rate of Staphylococcus and gram-negative bacteria species, from July to September (supplementary material). During winter (December, January, and February), most bacteria isolates were Pneumococcus. The microbiology seemed to be related to the age of the patients (supplementary material). Pneumococcus and atypical bacteria were more frequently identified in younger age groups. Conversely, among the elderly, apart from Pneumococcus, Staphylococcus, including multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and miscellaneous gram-bacteria (supplementary material), plays the most important role. There is a clear downward trend of the frequency of pneumococcal isolates from the 50s (supplementary material). The atypical bacteria were most frequently identified in the 18–50 age group, decreasing from there on. Older age groups were more prone to get pneumonia caused by gram-negative and Staphylococcus bacteria and be admitted to the hospital.
From all patients' characteristics, we selected the most frequent to evaluate their impact on pneumonia hospital mortality. These characteristics were classified into four groups: patient general condition, comorbidities, microbiology, and complications. We found a significant statistical association (Fig. 1) between the risk of dying and the condition of several of these patients, comorbidities, microbiology, or complications. Patients older than 75 years old; living in senior housing; with chronic renal disease, lung cancer, metastatic disease, mobility impairment, cachexia, dementia, cerebrovascular disease (CVD), or ischemic heart disease (IHD) are at greater risk of dying from pneumonia. Conversely, gender, obesity, tobacco consumption, diabetes, and COPD were not associated with an increased risk of dying for pneumonia patients admitted to hospital. The MRSA, Pseudomonas, aspiration pneumonia, shock, sepsis, hospital readmissions, and one day or even less of hospitalization are, on the contrary, significantly associated with an increased risk of dying from pneumonia. It is noteworthy that the identification of a Pneumococcus is associated with a lower risk of dying from pneumonia (Fig. 1).
Pneumonia Hospital Mortality – Sub-group analysis.
[OR (odds ratio), CRD (chronic renal disease), CVD (cerebrovascular disease), IHD (ischemic heart disease), MRSA (multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus), E. coli (Escherichia coli); hospital ≤1/>1 (days of hospital stay)]
After adjusting for the risk of death from the patients' characteristics, we identified that individuals in the age group over, or equal to 75 years old, who were living in senior housing, or had previous cerebrovascular disease, cardiac or renal chronic disease, dementia, cachexia, mobility impair, neoplastic metastatic disease, or upfront sepsis were significantly associated with an increased risk of dying from pneumonia in the hospital (see Table 2).
Pneumonia Hospital Mortality, Adjusted Risk Factors (nº cases - 35,470).
IC (95%)
Gender (M-1/F-2) 0.79 0.00 0.73–0.83
Age ≥ 75/< 75 2.69 0.00 2.52–2.87
Metastatic D 4.15 0.00 3.49–4.93
Mobility Impairment 1.83 0.00 1.67–2.01
Cachexia 3.69 0.00 3.00–4.51
Dementia 1.43 0.00 1.32–1.55
Senior Housing 1.70 0.00 1-47–1.05
Tobacco 0.55 0.00 0.44–0.68
Sepsis 2.65 0.00 2.44–2.89
Shock 2.68 0.00 2.25–3.18
Obesity 0.46 0.00 0.36–0.58
COPD 0.69 0.00 0.63–0.75
Asthma 0.34 0.00 0.25-0.45
Chronic Renal D 1.20 0.00 1.11–1.29
Diabetes 0.84 0.00 0.78–0.90
Cerebrovascular D 1.31 0.00 1.19–1.44
Ischemic Heart D 1.28 0.00 1.14–1.43
Readmission 1.18 0.00 1.09–1.28
Using these estimates it was possible to compute a predictive model for patients with pneumonia which required hospital admission, quantifying their individual risk of dying, from this disease (Fig. 2).
Hospital pneumonia mortality: risk model.
The main findings of this study led us to understand that an overwhelming majority of patients dying from pneumonia had one or more severe chronic diseases, which certainly contributed to the outcome. According to a recent publication of health data in the OECD, the life expectancy at age 65 in Portugal is 17 years for males and 23 for females.2 However, more than half of that time is spent struggling with some sort of disease.2 Despite treatment conditions and full access to health services by the Portuguese population, we verified, year after year, an increase in mortality due to pneumonia in Portugal.2 We are absolutely convinced that this entire chronic disease burden could affect the pneumonia figures, not only in incidence but also in mortality. This study's main motivation was to look for explanations of such a situation and try to prepare future strategies to minimize the impact of this disease on mortality. Portugal has a centralized system of registration for all hospital admissions involving all NHS hospitals. Beyond the administrative data, we have access to fully anonymized clinical data. Usually, these data are not patient-driven; only admission episodes are available for analysis. However, generating a code number from the real patient identification was possible, maintaining total patient anonymization and allowing us to identify the readmissions and, therefore, to study patients instead of admissions.
This study has several limitations. This is a retrospective database analysis, so there is the possibility of information bias and misclassification. Adjustments were made for demographics, clinic and microbiologic variables. However, some important patient characteristics (pneumonia severity PSI or CURB65 classification, mechanical ventilation-vasopressors; vaccinations; empiric antibiotics; suitability of antibiotic choice with bacterial isolates; co-infections; specimen isolates and bacteremia), could not be analyzed because they were not present in NHS database. Despite all these limitations, this study evaluates a large number of patients, representing all the NHS patients from an entire country, hospitalized for severe pneumonia, over the course of one year.
We studied 36,366 patients which corresponded to 40,696 hospital admissions in 2015. The main targets of this study were patient characteristics, particularly comorbidities and their influence on the outcome. The great majority of the patients with severe pneumonia were elderly, in total 30,565 (84.1%) (see Table 1), and had at least one chronic long-standing disease. Similar to other studies,10,11 the elderly were more susceptible to getting sick with pneumonia and being hospitalized.
Most of the pneumonias occurred during winter; however, the deadliest happened from July to September. Host factors have been increasingly considered as decisive for the outcome of the patients with severe pneumonia.11,12 In our study, advanced age, dementia, mobility impairment, metastatic cancer, and living in senior housing were some of the more important prehospitalization conditions and comorbidities of the patients hospitalized in 2015 with severe pneumonia in Portugal. As in other studies,13–17 these patients' characteristics have been shown to be a determinant for the increased risk of dying from pneumonia. Pneumonia after viral infections18 is a common occurrence, this is explained, although not completely understood, by association with the host biological factors,19 disruption of the mucosal barrier, and ciliary malfunction caused by a previous viral infection impairing the viral or bacterial clearance, facilitating bacterial colonization and, subsequently, the pneumonia.18,19
We identified bacterial isolates in 3220 (8.9%) of our patients. The distribution of the microbiological isolates by age groups had shown that among the patients hospitalized for pneumonia, the frequency of pneumococcus decreased sharply with age; younger patients had more frequent pneumococcus isolates than older patients. This observation could explain the apparent "protective effect" of the association between pneumonia with pneumococcus identification and the lower risk of death.
A plausible explanation of this observation could be that pneumococcal pneumonia is in our series more frequent in younger patients and, therefore, less likely to have major comorbidities that can increase the risk of dying. The distribution of bacterial isolates throughout the year shows that during summer, there is proportionally, more frequent identification of gram-negatives and staphylococcus than in other months. This situation can be related to the excess mortality observed during those months. Regardless of the type, severe pneumonia determining hospitalization, the risk of dying seems to be more related to the comorbidities than with the etiology. On the contrary, probably the general condition of the patients and their susceptibilities also deeply influence the microbial agent. Diabetes, COPD, obesity, and tobacco smoking are usually related to pneumonia and the risk of hospitalization.20,21 However, in our study, they are negatively associated with the risk of dying from pneumonia.
Chronic renal failure and ischemic heart disease are two important risk factors of pneumonia death. We observed from our data the association of the risk of death and the length of hospital stay. The risk of death for pneumonia was higher for short stays, decreasing afterward. This observation led us to consider that a significant number of patients might have been diagnosed and started the treatment later in the course of the disease. If we examine the age and the comorbidities of most of the patients and the possibility of many of them living alone, the latter hypothesis can be convincing.
Regardless of the importance of the etiology and the treatment, the characteristics of the host might be key to explaining the high mortality due to pneumonia we found in our data. Elderly patients and the high proportion of major comorbidities such as dementia, cachexia, severe mobility impairment, metastatic cancer, chronic renal disease, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, sepsis on hospital admission and senior house living, are independent risk factors of dying from pneumonia in a hospital
Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis: Venceslau Hespanhol
Conceptualization: Cristina Bárbara
Financial support: no financial support involved
Manuscript writing: All authors
Final approval of manuscript: All authors
Authors have no conflicts of interest to declare, regarding the present work
The authors gratefully acknowledged Professor Fernando Araujo, Secretary of State of Health of Portuguese Government and Dr. Ricardo Mestre, Central Administration of Health System (ACSS) by the encouragement and assistance in accessing national databases, making this work possible.
The following are Supplementary data to this article:
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Prioritizing care for severe asthma during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Interleukin-6 blockade with tocilizumab in COVID-19: Does it live up to its hype?
A snapshot of exhaled nitric oxide and asthma...
10.1016/j.pulmoe.2020.10.016
COVID-19 effects on tuberculosis care in Sierra...
Pulmonol. 2021;27:67-9
Pneumonia mortality, comorbidities matter? Authors¿...
© Copyright 2021. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia
Additional material


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Q: How can I change the color of the error output in the VS code terminal? I working with vscode for python programming.how can i  change color text error output in terminal?
.can you help me?

A: Are you doing that in Windows, Linux or Mac? Do you mean to change the color in all the outputs and only in VSC terminal, or only in one program?. You should explain more what you want.
If you want to change the color of one output in python, then do:
print("\033[1;44mMessage\033[0m")

Where: \033 is the label to identify the color [1;44m 1 is the background color, 44m is the font color, you replace the numbers for the color's code in the image below. With \033[0m you change the color back to the default.
Here are the available colors:
https://robologs.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/coloricos.png
(I can't comment yet).

A: Try this in your settings:
{
  "workbench.colorCustomizations": {

                                   // whatever hex color you want
                                   // doesn't appear that opacity values work here
    "terminal.ansiBrightRed": "#ff0"  // typically used for the error foreground
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Cancer has become known as a complex and systematic disease on macroscopic, mesoscopic and microscopic scales. Systems biology employs state-of-the-art computational theories and high-throughput experimental data to model and simulate complex biological procedures such as cancer, which involves genetic and epigenetic, in addition to intracellular and extracellular complex interaction networks. In this paper, different systems biology modeling techniques such as systems of differential equations, stochastic methods, Boolean networks, Petri nets, cellular automata methods and agent-based systems are concisely discussed. We have compared the mentioned formalisms and tried to address the span of applicability they can bear on emerging cancer modeling and simulation approaches. Different scales of cancer modeling, namely, microscopic, mesoscopic and macroscopic scales are explained followed by an illustration of angiogenesis in microscopic scale of the cancer modeling. Then, the modeling of cancer cell proliferation and survival are examined on a microscopic scale and the modeling of multiscale tumor growth is explained along with its advantages.


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Roberta Vinci era la detentrice del titolo ma è stata sconfitta nei quarti di finale da Kristina Mladenovic.

In finale Mladenovic ha sconfitto Julija Putinceva con il punteggio di 6–2, 63–7, 6–4.

Teste di serie
Le prime quattro teste di serie hanno ricevuto un bye per il secondo turno.

  Simona Halep (quarti di finale, ritirata)
  Dominika Cibulková (semifinale)
  Svetlana Kuznecova (quarti di finale)
  Venus Williams (secondo turno)

 Elena Vesnina (quarti di finale)
 Roberta Vinci (quarti di finale)
 Kiki Bertens (primo turno)
 Dar'ja Kasatkina (secondo turno)

Wildcard

  Anna Kalinskaja (primo turno)

 Natal'ja Vichljanceva (semifinale)

Qualificate

  Kirsten Flipkens (primo turno)
  Elise Mertens (primo turno)

 Andrea Petković (secondo turno)
 Stefanie Vögele (ritirata)

Lucky loser
  Donna Vekić (secondo turno)

Tabellone

Fase finale

Parte alta

Parte bassa

Collegamenti esterni

St. Petersburg Ladies Trophy 2017

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Nashville Trashes Glass Recycling Program For Downtown Honky Tonks
Tony Gonzalez WPLN
An attempt to recycle more glass bottles in Nashville has failed, as Metro is discontinuing a pilot program that tried to capture glass from the downtown honky tonks.
Recycling glass isn't easy for the city — it's heavy and costly to haul. But last year, pushed by the former mayor,
Metro tried to make it worthwhile.
The hope was that the critical mass at the bars — with thousands of bottles per night — would make it worth collecting, says Kelly Tipler, director of the Metro Beautification and Environment Commission.
"Unfortunately, just as it's hard for us to recycle it, it was hard for the honky tonks to actually separate the material," she said, "and we couldn't in good faith dump the glass carts in to the glass truck if we knew that it was contaminated."
Another hurdle was the design of downtown streets and alleys, which Tipler says have long been a challenge even for routine trash pickup.
Bar owners were given notice that the glass collections would cease in January. The prior system remains, with Nashville taking glass only at its drop-off centers.
But Tipler says there has been success with additional cardboard pickups, so that will continue.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Installing satchmo without ssh access I want to install satchmo in my virtual hosting, but they dont provide ssh access for it. I want to know if it is possible. As i can see, adding some Satchmo requirements(http://www.satchmoproject.com/docs/svn/requirements.html) to pythonpath in my .fcgi file seems to be working, but some requirements like pycrypto and trml2pdf look like they need to be build & installed. Is this so? Can i write some kind of script, that executes this installation over the web? What can i do at all if they will not write without beeing built?
Alan

A: Sure you can, In the past I wrote a cgi to download and build Python on hosting that only allowed ftp access.
If you know the target platform it will be easier to set up a virtual machine locally, build the files you need there and upload the compiled versions. Make sure you statically link them if the hosting is missing libraries.
The best idea might be to switch to hosting with ssh access though.

A: i doubt you can install only over web (e.g. what about permissions - maybe some could be set over ftp, but other not)
is it possible to ask your hosting provider to include satchmo in their services?


A traditional barbershop scent, this soap contains bergamot, lemon, patchouli, oakmoss, lavender, and rosemary. A fresh, clean fragrance that goes with pretty much anything. Please note that our bergamot essential oil has been treated to remove the photosensitizing qualities (bergaptene).
Unfortunately, there are no purchase links for Barrister and Mann - Seville - Soap.
Unfortunately, there are no purchase links for Barrister and Mann - Seville - Aftershave.


The search you have just made turned out the the following results on Ebay and other merchants. Ebay has an incredible selection at cheap prices. We are listing the results for you below. Scroll down to the bottom of the page to find more items from more stores.


text:
VIDEO: Is the Rolex GMT Master II 126711CHNR "Rootbeer" the best two-tone watch on the market today?
Zach Blass
Two-tone watches were all the rage in the 90s, but today many collectors have shunned the configuration out of fear they will look like Jordan Belfort. But not all two-tone is created equal, and Rolex has came up with a more youthful interpretation. The Rolex GMT Master II 126711CHNR Rootbeer is a modern take on two-tone, blending Everose gold and 904L stainless steel to create something you would have never seen in two-tone's hey-day.
The black and brown ceramic bezel creates a really interesting tone, the brown ceramic akin to a cup of coffee with a touch of milk. The 40mm case is still of the maxi era, which benefits its design as the modern lug stance distances the watch from two-tone creations of yesteryear. While it incorporates precious metal into its build, the Rolex GMT Master II 126711CHNR Rootbeer is every bit as robust as its full steel brethren. It is Trip-Lock secured with 100 metres water resistance and an Everose screw-down crown. As its proprietary blend name suggests, the rose gold is created never to lose its luster and shine – even over the course of active wear. While not as scratch-resistant as rhodium flashed white gold, rose gold is more resistant than traditional yellow gold – a happy medium between the two.
For those who prefer their GMT Master II on an oyster bracelet, you're in luck! The oyster bracelet features Everose centre links with stainless-steel shoulder links to frame the precious metal. Easylink extension within the highly secure clasp ensures the wearer can fine tune its size and make quick-adjustments at their convenience.
Rolex GMT Master II 126711CHNR Rootbeer pricing & availability:
The Rolex GMT Master II 126711CHNR "Rootbeer" is available for inquires at authorised dealers worldwide. Not willing to play the waiting game? Bob's Watches has you got you covered with one of the world's biggest selections of new, used and pre-owned Rolex watches. Check out their range here.
This story is part of a partnership with Bob's Watches. However, the opinions expressed in this article are our own in accordance with our Editorial Policy.
126711CHNR
GMT-Master-II
Rolex GMT Master II 126711CHNR Rootbeer
VIDEO: Top watches of 2021 above $20k (Part 2)
To finish off the list of our favourite 2021 releases by budget, we're going beyond the notion of affordability, and even beyond attainability. Whether or…
Mark Ronson is Audemars Piguet's new ambassador, but his collection shows he's a genuine watch guy
Musician and producer Mark Ronson has just been revealed as Audemars Piguet's new ambassador. The good news? This isn't your standard take the-money-and-run celebrity endorsement.…
Meet our new Social Media Manager and the gold Rolex Yacht-Master that ignited his love for watches
"Hi. I'm Jeremy and I'm honoured to be the new Social Media Manager for Time+Tide. I'll be behind the scenes engaging with all of you,…


Reputation Local believes you should have your questions answered before embarking on any digital marketing investment. This is why we offer a free 2o minute digital marketing consultation for your business.
We want to help answer your questions and put your mind at ease. There is no obligation to hire us. We offer this consultation with no strings attached.
Please fill out the following form and submit it. Our team will follow up with you to set up your free digital marketing consultation.
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mi, Donec sem, Aenean facilisis et, risus ultricies eleifend mattis efficitur.


Tamsulosin HCL or Tamsulosin Hydrochloride is primarily used for benign prostatic hyperplasia, but is sometimes used for the passage of kidney stones by the same mechanism of smooth muscle relaxation via alpha antagonism. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) also known as benign prostatic hypertrophy (technically a misnomer), benign enlargement of the prostate (BEP), and adenofibromyomatous hyperplasia, refers to the increase in size of the prostate in middle-aged and elderly men.
White or almost white crystalline powder, slightly soluble in water, freely soluble in formic acid, slightly soluble in anhydrous ethanol.
C: Examine by infrared absorption spectrophotometry, compare the spectrum obtained with reference spectrum should meet the requirement.


text:
O Campeonato Chileno de Futebol de Segunda Divisão de 1955 foi a 4ª edição do campeonato do futebol do Chile, segunda divisão, no formato "Primera B". Em turno e returno os 8 clubes jogam todos contra todos. O Campeão é promovido para o Campeonato Chileno de Futebol de 1956. O último colocado iria para as Associações de Origem de Futebol do Chile - nível local. Foi o primeiro campeonato com clubes descendidos da primeira divisão.

Participantes

Campeão

Campeonato Chileno de Futebol - Segunda Divisão
Desporto no Chile em 1955
1955 no futebol


Virtual Ability: Find a Good Book, Share About It!
Goodreads is a website where you can look for and share books. You start off with the standard shelves Read, Currently Reading, and Want to Read, but you can make more shelves, if you like.
You can find books by title, author, and ISBN. You can send a suggestion to selected friends to add someone as a friend, which might be nice for those who are just getting started. Lastly, you can see which books your friends have read, and what they thought of the ones they have read.
If you would like to create an account, visit goodreads.com.


Home » Blog » Holiday fun: FREE wildlife colouring pages and activities!
Holiday fun: FREE wildlife colouring pages and activities!
Time at home with the family is one of the best parts of the holidays. But when the weather turns nasty or kids get bored, stress levels can skyrocket. That's why, as part of our Outreach and Humane Education program, The Fur-Bearers have put together this small collection of colouring and activity pages for children, parents, and adults alike!
Just click on the image you want to colour/draw on and it will open in a new window as a downloadable, printable PDF. And don't forget to post your family's completed drawings or activities on social media and tag us in them: we love to see what you create!
Join The Fur-Bearers today and help us provide alternatives to fur and non-lethal solutions to wildlife conflict. We receive no government funding and rely entirely on donations from supporters like you. To become a monthly donor (for as little as $10/month – the cost of two lattes) please click here and help us save lives today.


text:
By	Nahal Toosi
Updated 3/1/16, 6:16 AM CET
The push for the genocide declaration has been building over the past year, with some of the force coming from Obama's allies. | Drew Angerer/Getty
U.S. lawmakers are cranking up the pressure this week on the Obama administration to formally declare that the Islamic State is committing "genocide" against Christians, Yazidis and other minorities in Syria and Iraq — a weighty designation with legal and moral implications.
But the administration is struggling over what to do — sources say some officials are pushing for a broad genocide declaration, while others are debating whether there's solid legal footing for such a move.
"This is not a policy determination," a senior Obama administration official insisted. "This is a legal determination. It is a decision informed by a very careful and thorough legal analysis."
Republicans and Democrats in Congress, many of whom had expected the administration would have its decision by late last year, say their patience is wearing thin. To push President Barack Obama and his aides along, they stuck a provision in December's omnibus spending bill requiring a mid-March decision. And this week, the House Foreign Affairs Committee will mark up a resolution signed by 200 Republican and Democratic lawmakers that accuses the Islamic State of genocide, as well as one calling for Syrian President Bashar Assad to face a war crimes investigation.
"There is just basically a paralysis on the part of the administration," said GOP Rep. Ed Royce, the committee's chairman.
The reality of making a formal declaration is not simple: It involves navigating a web of laws and international commitments.
The push for the genocide declaration has been building over the past year, with some of the force coming from Obama's allies. Democratic presidential front-runner Hillary Clinton started using the term "genocide" in December to describe the Islamic State's brutality. Republican rival Marco Rubio, too, says it's time to "call it for what it is – it's a genocide."
Pope Francis and the European Parliament have also declared that a genocide is taking place, while an array of activists representing Christians, Yazidis, and other ethnic and religious communities, including Shiite Muslims, say their communities' suffering must be recognized.
Obama's Ukraine policy in shambles
Turkey gives up on Obama, bristles over Syria deal
Rep. Jeff Fortenberry (R-Neb.), urged Secretary of State John Kerry during a hearing last week to "call this genocide, to help restore the rich tapestry of the ancient faith traditions of the Middle East, to stop this assault on human dignity."
Kerry, who technically has the final say on the subject, said he'd already been given some recommendations on what to do but had requested more information. "I will make a judgment soon," he promised.
The U.S. has a record of trying to avoid the "genocide" label, which carries legal and moral obligations to help victims and bring perpetrators to justice — though not necessarily to militarily intervene. But human rights advocates were heartened when Obama — whose aides include U.N. Ambassador Samantha Power, the author of a book about genocide — declared early on that preventing such atrocities is a "core national security interest."
The reality of making a formal declaration is not simple: It involves navigating a web of laws and international commitments, as well as a growing pile of evidence.
Sources with administration contacts say some officials are clearly pushing for a broad genocide designation. David Saperstein, the U.S. ambassador-at-large for international religious freedom, has made the case that any genocide designation should include Christians and other ethnic and religious minorities beyond just Yazidis, whose persecution has been well-documented, sources said. Another State Department official said to favor a broad designation is Knox Thames, a special adviser who focuses on religious minorities. (Neither Thames nor Saperstein responded to requests for comment.)
A great deal rests in the hands of the lawyers at the State Department. Those legal advisers must consider several different measures.
"My impression in talking to people in the administration is that there's a real battle going on," said Robert Destro, a distinguished fellow at the Newseum Institute's Religious Freedom Center.
A great deal rests in the hands of the lawyers at the State Department. Those legal advisers must consider several different measures, from the 1948 U.N. Convention on Genocide to the late 1980s legislation that implemented the convention under U.S. law.
The U.S. law defines genocide as killing or other specified acts committed with a "specific intent to destroy, in whole or in substantial part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group." In the case of the Islamic State, each word of the definition is being weighed to see if the terror network's actions constitute genocide against a particular group.
For example, what does it mean to "destroy"? The International Court of Justice in The Hague has said that the U.N. convention includes biological or physical destruction of a group. It doesn't, however, include "cultural genocide," which could be anything from destroying houses of worship, pushing a particular group out of an area or forcing religious conversions. That means some types of brutality don't meet the technical definition of genocide.
To add to the complexity: How do you prove an alleged perpetrator has the "specific intent" to destroy the group in the way envisioned by the U.N. convention, especially when such goals are not normally publicized or made explicit? How "substantial" does a "substantial part" of a group have to be? And what exactly counts as a "national, ethnic, racial or religious group"?
The last question is particularly difficult when you consider the array of religious and ethnic groups facing the brutality of the Islamic State, whose militants subscribe to a severe form of Sunni Islam.
One complicating factor in Christian claims of genocide is that, in theory, Christians can pay a special tax to the Islamic State to be allowed to stay.
Groups such as In Defense of Christians are spearheading petitions urging that Christians be recognized as genocide victims, but the reality is that there are multiple Christian communities in the region, some with an ethnic dimension, and not all may face the same atrocities.
Steve Oshana, executive director of the activist group A Demand for Action, noted that he is an Assyrian Christian and said he would want to see his particular community's suffering enumerated in a genocide declaration. "Whenever we're talking about this issue we are very clear in our efforts to ensure that the unique ethnic dynamic of our persecution is represented," Oshana said.
One complicating factor in Christian claims of genocide is that, in theory, Christians can pay a special tax to the Islamic State to be allowed to stay. Christian advocates say that, in reality, few people can afford that tax, known as the jizya, and that many are killed even after paying.
Other besieged groups include the Sabean Mandeans, who venerate John the Baptist, and ethnic communities such as the Turkmen and the Kurds. And of course there are the more numerous Shiite Muslims, considered heretics by the Islamic State. Activists point to reports from Iraq and Syria showing that Shiites are often treated even worse than the Yazidis, whose faith pre-dates Islam and whose members have been displaced, killed and enslaved.
Mustafa Akhwand, executive director of Shia Rights Watch, said State Department officials he's dealt with often conflate Shiite Muslims with Iranians and assume that Iran would protect the Shiites. But although most Iranians are Shiite, many Shiites are not Iranian. U.S. officials also assume that because Iraq is majority Shiite and its government is Shiite-led that Shiites aren't in as much danger from the Islamic State, Akhwand said.
Secretary of State John Kerry has promised to make a decision soon | Drew Angerer/Getty
"Kidnapping, killing, slaughtering, sexual abuse. Everything that other minorities are facing are faced by the Shiites, too, maybe worse," he said.
Even if the Obama administration agrees the Islamic State is committing genocide, it's unlikely to step up its military role in the region. Thousands of U.S. troops are in Iraq advising local forces battling the terror network, while U.S. Special Operations forces are in Iraq and Syria. The U.S. also intervened in 2014 when the Islamic State laid siege to Mt. Sinjar, trapping numerous Yazidis.
Technically speaking, analysts and officials say, the U.S. has no legal obligation to militarily intervene in a foreign land even if it agrees a genocide is happening. (Administration officials in general downplay the practical benefits any group would get by being declared genocide victims.)
U.S. officials avoided labeling the 1994 killings in Rwanda a genocide until afterward; according to a once-secret memo, lawyers worried it would commit the Clinton administration to "actually 'do something.'" Then-Secretary of State Colin Powell called the ongoing violence in Sudan's Darfur region a genocide in 2004, but it was later revealed that his aides had determined that using the term "would have no immediate legal—as opposed to moral, political or policy—consequences for the United States."
Calling the Islamic State's actions genocide could inject momentum into the slow international effort to destroy the group.
Largely out of fear of offending Turkey, a critical Middle East ally, the Obama administration has refrained from describing the mass killing of 1.5 million Armenians in the early 20th century as a genocide, despite broad consensus among historians that it fits the definition.
Representatives of various minority communities indicate that they will be unhappy with any official U.S. designation below genocide. They argue that the label carries a certain weight that other terms — ethnic cleansing, mass murder, crimes against humanity — simply don't.
Calling the Islamic State's actions genocide could inject momentum into the slow international effort to destroy the group, which, while under pressure in Syria and Iraq, is mushrooming in Libya and elsewhere, activists say. It could lead Islamic State recruits to think twice about joining. It also could ease the path for people whose communities are victimized to be recognized as refugees by the international community.
"Lawyers can write whatever they want, but the thinking has to be based in morality," said Democratic Rep. Anna Eshoo of California, who is of Assyrian and Armenian descent and a lead supporter of the House resolution. "If there's some lawyer somewhere that wants to write something lawyerly because the intent is that the United States is not obligated to help anyone that's being threatened by crucifixion or torture or being beheaded, well I don't know what that person went to law school for."
Over Christmas, Obama issued a unusually somber statement decrying the "brutal atrocities" of the Islamic State against the Christians of the Middle East. He didn't, however, use the word "genocide," an omission that was noticed.
"It's a powerful word," said Greg Stanton, a scholar of the subject and president of Genocide Watch. "Why else are they so careful about using it?"
War in Syria
Boris Johnson: Trump's 'go home' attack was 'totally inapproapriate'


text:
using content::V8ValueConverter;

namespace extensions {

SendRequestNatives::SendRequestNatives(Dispatcher* dispatcher,
                                       RequestSender* request_sender,
                                       ChromeV8Context* context)
    : ChromeV8Extension(dispatcher, context),
      request_sender_(request_sender) {
  RouteFunction("GetNextRequestId",
                base::Bind(&SendRequestNatives::GetNextRequestId,
                           base::Unretained(this)));
  RouteFunction("StartRequest",
                base::Bind(&SendRequestNatives::StartRequest,
                           base::Unretained(this)));
  RouteFunction("GetGlobal",
                base::Bind(&SendRequestNatives::GetGlobal,
                           base::Unretained(this)));
}

void SendRequestNatives::GetNextRequestId(
    const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& args) {
  args.GetReturnValue().Set(static_cast<int32_t>(
      request_sender_->GetNextRequestId()));
}

// Starts an API request to the browser, with an optional callback.  The
// callback will be dispatched to EventBindings::HandleResponse.
void SendRequestNatives::StartRequest(
    const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& args) {
  CHECK_EQ(6, args.Length());
  std::string name = *v8::String::Utf8Value(args[0]);
  int request_id = args[2]->Int32Value();
  bool has_callback = args[3]->BooleanValue();
  bool for_io_thread = args[4]->BooleanValue();
  bool preserve_null_in_objects = args[5]->BooleanValue();

  scoped_ptr<V8ValueConverter> converter(V8ValueConverter::create());

  // See http://crbug.com/149880. The context menus APIs relies on this, but
  // we shouldn't really be doing it (e.g. for the sake of the storage API).
  converter->SetFunctionAllowed(true);

  if (!preserve_null_in_objects)
    converter->SetStripNullFromObjects(true);

  scoped_ptr<base::Value> value_args(
      converter->FromV8Value(args[1], context()->v8_context()));
  if (!value_args.get() || !value_args->IsType(base::Value::TYPE_LIST)) {
    NOTREACHED() << "Unable to convert args passed to StartRequest";
    return;
  }

  request_sender_->StartRequest(
      context(), name, request_id, has_callback, for_io_thread,
      static_cast<base::ListValue*>(value_args.get()));
}

void SendRequestNatives::GetGlobal(
    const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& args) {
  CHECK_EQ(1, args.Length());
  CHECK(args[0]->IsObject());
  args.GetReturnValue().Set(
      v8::Handle<v8::Object>::Cast(args[0])->CreationContext()->Global());
}

}  // namespace extensions

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


It doesn't seem like 4 months has gone by. I miss you Ashleigh Lindsey. I'll never forget.......your dark brown hair and how it gently cradled your shoulders. Your smile was more exquisite than northern lights and your voice so delightful and timid at times I'll never forget.......that very last glimpse of you so full of life, seeing so much of me in you. Though years apart we had a kindred sp...irit of a mother and daughter so much a like. I'll never forget........Holding the infant years before and what we were then. You were the crystal vase that needed protection, so small and fragile. I'll never forget........Longing to feel just one more time. The love of your big bear hugs. I'll never forget........ Knowing that could never be because the end of that embrace would be the end of you in this life. And in that thought I'd never let you go. I'll never forget........Touching your innocent hand And kissing your cheek. I had to make it good because this would have to last through all the years of grief. I'll never forget.......Thinking this is it and soon nothing of you on this earth would be. I would have no one there to hold. All that I am wanted to stay with you. I'll never forget.......Watching the box that held what I loved, lowered in stone. To see them cover you in layers of dirt forever gone. I'll never forget.......How it was to not feel, like you I felt nothing. As I stood in the sun I could feel my coffin around my heart enclosed down upon me. I'll never forget.......Wanting so bad to climb aboard and join your journey. What I would have gave to lay beside you and watch light fade to dark. I'll never forget.......My world ripped and torn to pieces in those brief moments. You were my foundation without you I crumbled. I'll never forget........The day you left me and I know I shouldn't cry, for that was not our end, and this is not my goodbye. So, wait at the gate to continue our journey to never be parted again.


What's next in LGBT travel?
Fifty two years after the first gay travel guide, the world — and how LGBT travelers experience it — is very different. There's more acceptance in more places, even to the point of gay travel becoming mainstream. But there's still a wealth of places to be explored, whether they're welcoming or not, if only to help open doors down the road.


WILDERNESS Wildlife Trust (WWT) has funded the installation of five solar pumps to serve the parched Hwange National Park.
The organisation also donated a brand new Toyota Land Cruiser to the Scorpion Anti-Poaching Unit (SAPU) to help boost ongoing anti-poaching activities in the game reserve.
The five solar pumps were installed at Back Pan, Madison Pan, Scott's Pan, Mandundumela Pan and at Wexau, where SAPU operates.
The large population of elephants means there is hardly enough water for all the animals during the dry season.
In a statement, WWT, in partnership with Wilderness Safaris, a non-profit organisation, said the donation was made "in order to supply more water for wildlife during the dry season".
Wilderness Safaris Zambezi ecologist, Arnold Tshipa said the organisation was committed to conservation activities.
"For over two decades, we have been committed to offering life-changing 'Journeys with Purpose' to our camps in Hwange, remaining loyal supporters of Zimbabwe and its phenomenal natural heritage," Tshipa said.
Traditionally, during the dry season, water resources in Hwange are "tested to the limit as the pans dry out" and since 2002, Wilderness Safaris has maintained 15 boreholes in the park; servicing and financing the watering points.
"From early April, the season gets into full swing with the pumps running 24 hours a day right through until the end of November or sometimes December, when the summer rains arrive. To keep up with the elephants alone is a major task – they consume about 70 000 litres of water per pump every 24 hours," Tshipa said.
He said said there were plans to phase out diesel pumps and replace them with solar.
"To further demonstrate our commitment to operating with as light an eco-footprint as possible, we are planning to replace all of the old diesel generators with solar pumps going forward in order to reduce our carbon footprint. We look forward to continuing to play an important role in the ongoing biodiversity protection of Hwange," Tshipa said.
Conservationists Rich Jones and Diana Sutter said they were "thrilled" by the donation.
"We are thrilled that the Wilderness Wildlife Trust has come on board to further support our efforts by funding the installation of five solar pumps to date, two of which were generously funded by Wilderness Safaris guests," they said.
The Zimbabwe Parks and Wildlife Authority (Zimparks) has been calling on willing conservationists to join hands and provide resources to serve wildlife in the area. Hwange is reportedly overpopulated by elephants, with approximately 44 000 beasts according to an aerial count done in 2014 by Elephants Without Borders.
This large population of elephants means there is hardly enough water for all the animals during the dry season.
Charter Flight to Victoria Falls – seats available !


text:
Five reasons to stay at Llwyn Celyn
Our talented team has spent over two years on site restoring Llwyn Celyn in Monmouthshire. This medieval marvel is now available to book - here are some key reasons to stay there.
1) It's a very rare medieval hall house
Llwyn Celyn is a 15th-century hall house, possibly built for a Prior, in the beautiful Llanthony Valley in the Black Mountains in Wales. Behind its glistening white exterior is a wonderful Landmark for eight, with two twin and two double beds – perfect for family gatherings or a weekend away with friends. There is a fully equipped kitchen with a dishwasher as well as underfloor heating so you can keep warm during chillier months. On warmer days, you can plant your deckchair on the terrace and enjoy the glorious views of the Skirrid and Sugar Loaf mountains. Waitrose groceries can be delivered during your stay, and each order could unlock a £10 donation towards other Landmark projects.
2) It's a mecca for walkers...
Staying here puts you at the heart of some of the best walking routes in the UK. Take a trek up the Sugar Loaf mountain for panoramic views across South Wales and south-west England. Visit the National Trust's website for a walking trail, which takes you through the Usk Valley and up the mountain. Or meander along the valley to the 13th-century Llanthony Priory, on whose land Llwyn Celyn was originally built.
You can also venture deep into the Brecon Beacons National Park, a haven for walkers with its gorges, caves and waterfalls. The trails on the Brecon Beacons website take you everywhere from the market town of Llandovery to an Iron Age hillfort.
3) ...as well as cyclists and thrill-seekers
Llwyn Celyn makes for the ideal cycling holiday for all abilities. Mountain bikers will want to head to the Black Mountains Cycle Centre, a ten minute drive from Llwyn Celyn. Again, the Brecon Beacons website is full of useful information about cycling routes. There are plenty of cycle hire shops dotted around the National Park too.
Rock climbers may want to head to the southern side of the National Park along the limestone belt. If the sun is out, you can dabble in paddlesports or extreme kayaking on the River Usk and River Wye.
Those looking to unwind can head to Abergavenny ('the Gateway to Wales'); gaze up to the night sky and count the stars and nebulas; or simply stay put in Llwyn Celyn, with only the occasional baa of sheep to keep you company.
4) Getting to Llwyn Celyn is straightforward
Landmarks are in all manner of distant locations – down long and winding tracks, on remote islands or even only accessible by steam railway. Not so at Llwyn Celyn. The building is just a 20-minute taxi ride from Abergavenny train station or around a 3-hour drive from London, 2 hours from Birmingham and 2 hours 40 minutes from Nottingham. There are several parking spaces for Landmarkers too.
5) The project has been fascinating and complex
Llwyn Celyn has proved to be one of our most complex and ambitious restoration projects. Thanks to our generous supporters and a grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund, we have almost finished restoring this historically important site. It has offered us surprises along the way – in September 2017, dendrochronology revealed that Llwyn Celyn dates from 1420, some 60 years earlier than we thought.
The Landmark where you stay – the hall house – is part of a wider farming site. There are a threshing barn, beast house, cider mill and malt and wheat drying kilns. The threshing barn will be open for educational use, while the beast house will host an interpretation room.
Llwyn Celyn has been on our radar for over a decade now and we are thrilled to finally share this wonderful building with the wider world.
Bookings starting from October 2018 will be made live on the Landmark Trust website at 9am on Saturday 7 July 2018. Click here to book.
Llwyn Celyn sleeps 8 and is available from £854, equivalent to £27 per person per night.
Keep up with the latest Landmark news and offers
Sign up and receive information about:
- holidays in historic buildings
- building rescue projects
- key dates for advance bookings of our most popular Landmarks
- the latest Landmark news


text:
Home » News » 2023: APC doesn't care about your future, Atiku tells youths
2023: APC doesn't care about your future, Atiku tells youths
•My husband, a Fulani, not a killer Fulani, says Titi Abubakar
•PDP candidate has capacity, experience to move Nigeria forward —Tambuwal
By Dayo Johnson
PRESIDENTIAL candidate of the Peoples Democratic Party, PDP, Atiku Abubakar, yesterday, challenged Nigerians to kick out the All Progressives Congress, APC, for retrogression in the country.
The PDP presidential candidate specifically told the youths not to make the mistake of voting for APC, which doesn't care about their future and education.
He spoke during his campaign rally in Ondo State.
His words: "We have started our campaign rally in Ondo State in the South-West and it is deliberate, because we want to show you that we appreciate what you have done for us in the last election.
"You gave us the highest votes in the South-West during the last presidential election and we will never forget that.
"That is why if you repeat the same thing, we promise to deal with insecurity; we will also make sure that all the federal roads that lead to Ondo state are motorable.
"We will also ensure that our young men and women are employed, we will set aside enough money to make sure that we empower them.
"That's why in our policy documents, we said that we will set aside $10 billion to make sure that we provide small and medium enterprises for young men and women to empower themselves. It is our number one priority.
"We will also provide enough funds for education so that our universities shall continue to work perfectly, not the one we are witnessing today. APC doesn't care for your education.
"You can compare what PDP has done in 14 years to what APC has done in the last 8 years, and you want to repeat to vote for APC again?, We say No."
My husband, a Fulani not a killer-Fulani, says Titi Abubakar
Also speaking at the rally, Mrs Titi Abubakar described the Buhari administration as a failure.
She also noted that though her husband is a Fulani man, he will not tolerate the activities of marauding Fulani herdsmen.
She said: "A vote for the APC in 2023 is a waste. I have been with Atiku for over 50 years and I have children for him, he did not kill them. Yoruba should vote for Atiku and it will not be a waste.
"Vote for Atiku to end Boko Haram insurgency. Let's follow the person that knows the road. Don't let them deceive you because there is hunger in the land."
Also speaking, the PDP National Chairman, Senator Iyorchia Ayu lamented the country "is in bad shape under the present administration", adding that "We need a change in 2023, we need a detribalised leader who knows the road and Atiku Abubakar is the unifier that we need."
Atiku has capacity to move Nigeria forward—Tambuwal
On his part, the chairman of the PDP Presidential Campaign Council, Governor Aminu Tambuwal assured Nigerians that Atiku has the capacity and experience to take the country out of the woods.
PDP leaders present at the rally included the National Chairman, Iyorchia Ayu; the Vice Presidential candidate, Ifeanyi Okowa; the Chairman of the Presidential Campaign Council, Aminu Tambuwal; the party's BOT member, Dr Bode Olajumoke; Governor Emmanuel Udom of Akwa Ibom, Governor Ademola Adeleke, former Minister for Water Resources, Muktar Shagari; former Governor of Abia State, and Senator Theodore Orji.


Spartak Makes His Public Debut!
Home » Author Musings » Spartak Makes His Public Debut!
Sixteen-year-old Spartak Jones was the center of attention at my debut public reading of The Chronicles of Spartak–Rising Son. He is the protagonist, a teenage icon for freedom in the 22nd century as well as being photogenic and a strong silent type in the superhero Hollywood tradition (as shown in the photo on my deck). Only he has no superpowers, just grit, athletic prowess, a young man loyal to family and friends as he fights for the return of democracy and freedom in America. A reluctant warrior with values and magnetic appeal.
The debut reading happened at the beautiful James C. Hormel LGBTQIA Center at the Main Library in San Francisco. The Center celebrated its 20th anniversary in April and received warm kudos for its pioneering leadership in gathering, archiving and celebrating lesbian and gay achievements and history. And it continues to do its work for the transsexual, intersex and broader queer communities however they define themselves. When it opened in 1996, it was the first archive of its kind in a civic institution in the United States. As someone who was President of the San Francisco Library Commission when the New Main was built twenty years ago, and having played a role in the creation of the Center, it was thrilling returning there to premiere my first novel. And just as thrilling to see so many visionary leaders in the audience who played such a vital role in the campaign to make the Center a reality.
I was introduced by the talented and dedicated Karen Sundheim (shown in the photo with me behind her) who is Director of the Hormel Center and is doing her part in preserving this important segment of history.
The room is round, the sustainable hardwood bookcases filled with important fiction and nonfiction works gathered from the collections throughout the library. Several exhibition cases and photos are also part of the experience. The domed ceiling is painted in the finest trompe l'oeil tradition, heroic figures looking up Into the Light (the title of the work) and down at us below with books flying toward heaven. The figures are important LGBT figures from history. It was painted by the creative muralists Charlie Brown and Mark Evans.
First, give a page turning adventure story, a fun read about a teenager facing staggering adversity while retaining confidence in himself and the world he wants to protect. I wanted him noble but with flaws, someone searching for love who stumbles and triumphs in a reality that might crush those with less inner strength.
Second, I wanted to create a world that made us think. It is fiction set just a century in the future in San Francisco. It is near enough that we can hopefully see the decisions we make today will impact our great grandchildren, and hopefully give us pause. Looking the other way, getting so self-obsessed we don't even see what is happening or even willful self-delusion and other realities in our time have consequences. Someone born today will likely be alive in 2115. And important to me is knowing that heroes arise in nearly all circumstances, all sexual identities. The most average person can step forward and lead. And Spartak is far from average–an Olympic bound gymnast, pianist, street fighter and thief.
Third, I wanted a hero with a fluid sense of sexuality. Nearly all mainstream literature has male-female love interests and I wanted to see if the boarder market could handle something less traditional in this kind of novel. I am seeking to find audiences within my own community and beyond. Sexual options other than boy-girl have been mostly suppressed for much of history. But sexual minorities have been gradually coming in the light for decades. Gay and lesbians can marry and serve openly in the military. As a gay man serving as a draftee in the military during the Vietnam War, that has special resonance. And I am a married man, with the same wonderful man for forty years. The march toward equality comes in many forms, all important no matter how much one might wonder about the seriousness and honesty of some battles and the lack of understanding or compassion. I give you the transsexual bathroom wars as an example. Spartak is openly bisexual and in the 22nd century, nobody cares. Even conservative religious groups accept homosexuality and fluid sexuality as part of God's plan. The novel mentions a former transsexual President of the United States. Am I being optimistic? No, it just makes sense. And when you meet Spartak, you can understand why such issues of sexual identity are irrelevant.
Some of the early reviews have been promising.
Here is a sample from various forums.


The competing machines must remain 30 minutes in each control, and will be examined by officials. This time will not count in the 72 hours maximum time allowed for the course. All starts must be supervised by Royal Aero Club official and timekeeper. Competitors may start afresh as many time* as they please, but only from the official starting place in Southampton Water. Stoppages between controls may be made, but the machine must alight on the sea, estuary or harlxrar. Alighting on land or inland water will end the attempt. For the purpose of the regulations, the Caledonian Canal is "onsidered ai the sea. Towing is not prohibited, but the machine must fly over the finishing line. . , , Replacement and repair of aeroplane or motor may be made, but neither may be changed as a whole. The aircraft may be taken ashore for such repairs. All time spent on repairs will count in the 72 hours. No repairs may be carried out during the 30 mins. in the controls. Five parts of the aeroplane and five parts of the motor have to be sealed, and two each of these must be in place when the machine finishes. Each competitor will have a card which must be Signed by the club official at each control. IKe Rocral &ero Club—px <^_--'o/, the United Ktz^gdoirC m OFFICIAL M0TICE.5 TO MLMBERS Hfc . DAILY MAIL £5,000 PRIZE: CIRCUIT OF GREAT BRITAIN. THE Contest for the Daily Mail ,£5,000 Prize will start from Southampton, on Saturday, August 16th, 1913, at 6 a.m. Telegrams will be posted in the Club Rooms showing the progress of the Race. The Royal Motor Yacht Club has kindly extended Honorary Membership of its Club to all Members of the Royal Aero Club during the period covered by the Race. The Headquarters of the Ro>al Motor Yacht Club is the " Enchantress," which is moored in South ampton Water off Netley Hospital. The following competitors will take part:— 1. No No. 3 No. 4 MR. T. O. M. SOPWITH (Pilot, H. G. Hawker) MR, JAMES RADLEY. MR. F. K. MCCLEAN. Headquarters at Southampton. " Enchantress," at Netley Abbey, Hants. Telegrams :—Perrin, "Enchantress," Netley Abbey. Telephone :—Netley 2. Officials at Southampton. Mr. F. P. Armstrong, Mr. G. B. Cockburn, Lieut. Spencer D. A. Grey, R.N., Col. H. C. L. Holden, Mr. N. C. Neill, Mr. Alec Ogilvie, and Mr. Harold E. Perrin, Secretary. Marking Committee—The, following officials have been appointed to carry out the marking of the competing aircraft at Southampton : Mr. G. B. Cockburn, Mr. N. C. Neill, and Mr. Alec Ogilvie. Ramsgate. Headquarters— Royal Tern pie Yacht Club. Officials- Mr. C. G. Grunhold, Mr. W. J. Boyton, Mr. A. H. Ramsden-Tagore, Mr. L. W. Thomas and Capt. Wildman Lushington, R.M.A. Yarmouth. Headquarters—Naval Air Station. Officials— Lieut. R. Gregory, R.N., Lieut. C. L. Courtney, R.N., Lieut. T. S. Cresswell, R.M.L.I., and Mr. H. H. Harford. Scarborough. Headquarters—Grand Hotel. Officials—-Mr. A. J. A. W. Barr, Mr. B. M. Dodds, Mr. Walter E. Nicoll, and Mr." J. W. F. Tranmer Aberdeen. Headquarters—Palace Hotel. Officials—Capt. G. W. Dawes, R.F.C., and Mr. C. I. Waldie. Cromarty. Headquarters—Naval Air Station. Official— Lieut. A. M. Longmore, R.N. Oban. Headquarters—Great Western Hotel. Officials— Mr. J. Allison, Jr., and Capt. W. A. de C. King, R.E. Kingstownf Dublin. Headquarters—Royal St. George Yacht Club. Officials — Mr. Oliver Fry, Mr. D. G. Gillman, Mr. J. C. Percy, Mr. F. Trench, Major Wellesley, and Mr. E. White. Falmouth. Headquarters—Royal Cornwall Yacht Club. Officials— Mr. Robert G. Borne, Mr. Claude Foster, Major J. D. B. Fulton, R.F.C., Capt. E. J. K. Nicholls, and Mr. A. Ireland Wright. Death of Mr. S. F. Cody, The news of the fatal accident to Mr. S. F. Cody on Thursday, the 7th inst., was received by all members with the deepest regret. Lord Tullibardine, the Chairman, immediately conveyed the sympathy of the members to Mrs. Cody and family. At the funeral, which took place on Monday last, and which is reported elsewhere in this issue, the Club was represented by Mr. Frank McClean, Mr. H. DelaCombe, and the Secretary. Mr. G. B. Cockburn, Mr. R. L. Charteris, Mr. Frank McClean and the Secretary arrived at the scene of the accident within a few hours of its occurrence and made a careful inspection of the wrecked aircraft. The Accidents Investigation Committee of the Club will hold its enquiry shortly. Aviators' Certificates. The following Aviators' Certificates were granted :— Date. 18, 1913... Able Seaman George Savill (Maurice Far- man Biplane, Central Flying School, Up- avon). Sergt. William James Waddington (Short Biplane, Central Flying School, Upavon). E. L. M. Leveson-Gower (Bleriot Mono plane, Bleriot School, Hendon). Louis Arbon Strange (Caudron Biplane, Ewen School, Hendon). Maxime Leverrier (Caudron Biplane, Temple School, Hendon). (Subject to permission of the Aero Club de France.) Leonhard Hubert Jagenberg (Caudron Bi plane, Ewen School, Hendon). (Subject to permission of the Aero Club of Ger many.) The following Certificate was taken in France :— Capt. Owen Mostyn Conran. Gordon-Bennett Aviation Cup. The race for the Gordon-Bennett Aviation Cup will be held at kheims on September 29th, 1913. The Royal Aero Club have sent 111 entries on behalf of Mr. Gustav Hamel, Mr. Tames Valentine and the British and Colonial Aeroplane Co., Ltd. ., " , Gordon-Bennett Balloon Race. The Gordon-Bennett Balloon Race will take place from Paris on Sunday October 12th, 1913. The Royal Aero Club will be repre sented by Mr. John Dunville and Mr. Jean de Francia. 166, Piccadilly, W. HAROLD E. PERRIN, Secretary. 892 No. 572 573 574 573 576 July July 28 Aug. Aug. Aug. IQi3- 4, 1913- 5. 1913- 7, I9I3- 577 [Aug. 9, 19[3.


Given our rational senses as consumers, it is a fact that there are some fundamental qualities and requirements that need to be fulfilled by any company before we get to enter a bargain with them for business. When it comes to the need to install an air conditioning system or unit in the home or property, you need to make sure that you are going for the services of a company that will not only be fast but as well as professional as they deserve to be. The best of the companies should be the one that has the specialty in dealing in the supply and installation of all kinds of air conditioning units, be they for the commercial properties or residential ones. When you go about the search for the best of the air conditioning companies to deal with, you need to be so particular with the need to have the one that will indeed maintain such high standards of integrity as this is just but one of the qualities that will quite assure you that you will be in for the best deals at the end of the day. There are quite a number of benefits that do come with the decision to go for the services of a professional in air conditioner installations and some are as we have mentioned below.
The first one is the need for AC installation. This happens to be to most people a need when it comes to the need to have these systems installed in the home. However, the fact is that the services of these companies quite goes way beyond that of the need for installation. Some of the added services to that of installation that you will receive from these companies include such as AC repair and replacement services and maintenance services. Looking at the fact of the huge investments that will go into the procurement of the AC units, it is a fact that it will be a lot more advisable for you to think of repairs to the units when they happen to malfunction as opposed to a replacement option. And as a matter of fact, regular maintenance of the AC units and systems in the home will indeed extend their lifespan as they get to be all the more durable as they are kept from malfunctioning.
The AC systems will as well require regular servicing, cleaning and maintenance routine for them to work efficiently and effectively and this is one other reason why the services of the experts in AC repair and maintenance happens to be of such significance.


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2006.10.12: October 12, 2006: Headlines: Figures: COS - Fiji: Politics: Congress: MSNBC: Republican Rep. Christopher Shays defended the House speaker's handling of a congressional page scandal, saying no one died like at Chappaquiddick in 1969 when Democratic Sen. Ted Kennedy was involved.
Peace Corps Online: Directory: Fiji: Special Report: Former Congressman Chris Shays: RPCV Congressman Chris Shays: Newest Stories: 2006.08.31: August 31, 2006: Headlines: Figures: COS - Fiji: Politics: Congress: New York Times: Congessman Chris Shays Shifts to Favor an Iraq Timetable : 2006.10.12: October 12, 2006: Headlines: Figures: COS - Fiji: Politics: Congress: MSNBC: Republican Rep. Christopher Shays defended the House speaker's handling of a congressional page scandal, saying no one died like at Chappaquiddick in 1969 when Democratic Sen. Ted Kennedy was involved.
By Admin1 (admin) (pool-141-157-22-66.balt.east.verizon.net - 141.157.22.66) on Thursday, October 12, 2006 - 10:16 am: Edit Post
Republican Rep. Christopher Shays defended the House speaker's handling of a congressional page scandal, saying no one died like at Chappaquiddick in 1969 when Democratic Sen. Ted Kennedy was involved.
"I know the speaker didn't go over a bridge and leave a young person in the water, and then have a press conference the next day," the embattled Connecticut congressman told The Hartford Courant in remarks published Wednesday. Congressman Chris Shays of Connecticut served as a Peace Corps Volunteer in Fiji in the 1960's.
Rep. Shays invokes Chappaquiddick scandal
R.I. Republican, in tight race, defends Hastert in Foley Capitol page probe
HARTFORD, Conn. - Republican Rep. Christopher Shays defended the House speaker's handling of a congressional page scandal, saying no one died like at Chappaquiddick in 1969 when Democratic Sen. Ted Kennedy was involved.
"I know the speaker didn't go over a bridge and leave a young person in the water, and then have a press conference the next day," the embattled Connecticut congressman told The Hartford Courant in remarks published Wednesday.
"Dennis Hastert didn't kill anybody," he added.
Kennedy connection
Shays' comments recalled the Chappaquiddick incident, when Kennedy's car ran off a Massachusetts bridge, killing his passenger, Mary Jo Kopechne. Kennedy did not immediately report the tragedy, and later pleaded guilty to leaving the scene of an accident.
Last week, Kennedy campaigned for Democrat Diane Farrell, who is locked in a bitter fight with Shays that could help determine whether Democrats recapture the House after 12 years of GOP control.
"This is symptomatic of Chris losing his composure in a tight race," Farrell said in a telephone interview with The Associated Press Wednesday. "Chris just seems to be lashing out in anger."
Kennedy's office had a terse response.
"This just makes clear the real need for change in November, beyond that I'm not going to dignify such a desperate attack with a response," said Kennedy spokeswoman Melissa Wagoner.
Foley factor
Farrell said the scandal, which polls show could hurt the GOP's bid to hang onto control, has affected her because her 19-year-old daughter Margaret was a Senate page when she was 16.
"My first reaction to this whole scandal had nothing to do with politics," she said. "It was as a parent who had a child participating in the program."
Shays cited Chappaquiddick in an interview Friday when he was asked about Farrell's call for him to return money raised by Hastert. The speaker has been under fire for his handling of disgraced former Rep. Mark Foley's sexually explicit messages to young pages.
Farrell has called for Shays to return any money raised for him by Hastert. She and other Democrats have called for Hastert to resign.
When this story was posted in October 2006, this was on the front page of PCOL:
Peace Corps Online The Independent News Forum serving Returned Peace Corps Volunteers
Chris Dodd's Vision for the Peace Corps
Senator Chris Dodd (RPCV Dominican Republic) spoke at the ceremony for this year's Shriver Award and elaborated on issues he raised at Ron Tschetter's hearings. Dodd plans to introduce legislation that may include: setting aside a portion of Peace Corps' budget as seed money for demonstration projects and third goal activities (after adjusting the annual budget upward to accommodate the added expense), more volunteer input into Peace Corps operations, removing medical, healthcare and tax impediments that discourage older volunteers, providing more transparency in the medical screening and appeals process, a more comprehensive health safety net for recently-returned volunteers, and authorizing volunteers to accept, under certain circumstances, private donations to support their development projects. He plans to circulate draft legislation for review to members of the Peace Corps community and welcomes RPCV comments.
The Peace Corps Library
The Peace Corps Library is now available online with over 40,000 index entries in 500 categories. Looking for a Returned Volunteer? Check our RPCV Directory or leave a message on our Bulletin Board. New: Sign up to receive our free Monthly Magazine by email, research the History of the Peace Corps, or sign up for a daily news summary of Peace Corps stories. FAQ: Visit our FAQ for more information about PCOL.
He served with honor
One year ago, Staff Sgt. Robert J. Paul (RPCV Kenya) carried on an ongoing dialog on this website on the military and the peace corps and his role as a member of a Civil Affairs Team in Iraq and Afghanistan. We have just received a report that Sargeant Paul has been killed by a car bomb in Kabul. Words cannot express our feeling of loss for this tremendous injury to the entire RPCV community. Most of us didn't know him personally but we knew him from his words. Our thoughts go out to his family and friends. He was one of ours and he served with honor.
September 12, 2006: This Month's Top Stories
John Coyne writes: The Lion in the Garden 12 Sep
John McCain says: We passed up an opportunity after 911 12 Sep
Jody Olsen speaks at Headquarters about 911 11 Sep
Bill Moyers Returns to Investigative Reporting 8 Sep
Boating Accident kills two PCVs in Mali 7 Sep
Director Vasquez bids Farewell to Washington 7 Sep
James Rupert writes: Pact reached with pro-Taliban forces 6 Sep
Carol Bellamy to speak at Global Risk Conference 5 Sep
New trial ordered for Jerry Mark in murder case 2 Sep
Ken Hill to step down as NPCA Chairman 1 Sep
Clintons, Gearans dine at resort 1 Sep
'Chris Matthews' Turns 5 31 Aug
Taylor Hackford thinks Chuck Berry is a pain in the ass 31 Aug
John Kefalas alleges dirty tactics in house race 30 Aug
DRI receives Charity Navigator's highest ratings 29 Aug
Kris Holloway writes "Monique and the Mango Rains'' 28 Aug
Richard Celeste writes: Watch Out For Voting Day Bugs 28 Aug
Donna Shalala boosted UM's image 27 Aug
Leonard Robinson devoted his life to the underserved 24 Aug
Phil Hardberger will run for re-election in 2007 24 Aug
Snakes on the Plain - the black mamba 23 Aug
Eunice Kennedy Shriver still going strong 20 Aug
Meet Ron Tschetter - Our Next Director
Read our story about Ron Tschetter's confirmation hearing before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee that was carried on C-Span. It was very different from the Vasquez hearings in 2001, very cut and dried with low attendance by the public. Among the highlights, Tschetter intends to make recruitment of baby boomers a priority, there are 20 countries under consideration for future programs, Senator Dodd intends to re-introduce his third goal Peace Corps legislation this session, Tschetter is a great admirer of Senator Coleman's quest for accountability, Dodd thinks management at PC may not put volunteers first, Dodd wants Tschetter to look into problems in medical selection, and Tschetter is not a blogger and knows little about the internet or guidelines for volunteer blogs. Read our recap of the hearings as well as Senator Coleman's statement and Tschetter's statement.
Chris Shays Shifts to Favor an Iraq Timetable
In a policy shift, RPCV Congressman Chris Shays, long a staunch advocate of the Bush administration's position in Iraq, is now proposing a timetable for a withdrawal of American troops. How Mr. Shays came to this change of heart is, he says, a matter of a newfound substantive belief that Iraqis need to be prodded into taking greater control of their own destiny under the country�s newly formed government. As Chairman of the House Government Reform subcommittee on national security, he plans to draft a timetable for a phased withdrawal and then push for its adoption. A conscientious objector during the Vietnam War who said that if drafted he would not serve, Chris Shays has made 14 trips to Iraq and was the first Congressman to enter the country after the war - against the wishes of the Department of Defense.
Peace Corps' Screening and Medical Clearance
The purpose of Peace Corps' screening and medical clearance process is to ensure safe accommodation for applicants and minimize undue risk exposure for volunteers to allow PCVS to complete their service without compromising their entry health status. To further these goals, PCOL has obtained a copy of the Peace Corps Screening Guidelines Manual through the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) and has posted it in the "Peace Corps Library." Applicants and Medical Professionals (especially those who have already served as volunteers) are urged to review the guidelines and leave their comments and suggestions. Then read the story of one RPCV's journey through medical screening and his suggestions for changes to the process.
The Peace Corps is "fashionable" again
The LA Times says that "the Peace Corps is booming again and "It's hard to know exactly what's behind the resurgence." PCOL Comment: Since the founding of the Peace Corps 45 years ago, Americans have answered Kennedy's call: "Ask not what your country can do for you--ask what you can do for your country. My fellow citizens of the world: ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man." Over 182,000 have served. Another 200,000 have applied and been unable to serve because of lack of Congressional funding. The Peace Corps has never gone out of fashion. It's Congress that hasn't been keeping pace.
Support the US-Peruvian Trade Pact
Peruvian President Alejandro Toledo, the Peace Corps President, has been lobbying both Democratic and Republican legislators to support the US-Peruvian trade pact before July 28, when his term ends and a US congressional recess begins. If President Bush fails to get approval before Congress goes on recess, it will be a case study proving that the United States does not reward its friends. Please call your representatives.
PCOL readership increases 100%
Monthly readership on "Peace Corps Online" has increased in the past twelve months to 350,000 visitors - over eleven thousand every day - a 100% increase since this time last year. Thanks again, RPCVs and Friends of the Peace Corps, for making PCOL your source of information for the Peace Corps community. And thanks for supporting the Peace Corps Library and History of the Peace Corps. Stay tuned, the best is yet to come.
History of the Peace Corps
PCOL is proud to announce that Phase One of the "History of the Peace Corps" is now available online. This installment includes over 5,000 pages of primary source documents from the archives of the Peace Corps including every issue of "Peace Corps News," "Peace Corps Times," "Peace Corps Volunteer," "Action Update," and every annual report of the Peace Corps to Congress since 1961. "Ask Not" is an ongoing project. Read how you can help.
Read the stories and leave your comments.
Story Source: MSNBC
This story has been posted in the following forums: : Headlines; Figures; COS - Fiji; Politics; Congress


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HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies
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Home ▶ Vol 71, No 3 (2015) ▶	Wessels
Prophetic sensing of Yahweh's word
Wilhelm J. Wessels
HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies | Vol 71, No 3 | a2923 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v71i3.2923	| © 2015 Wilhelm J. Wessels | This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Wilhelm J. Wessels, Department of Biblical and Ancient Studies, University of South Africa, South Africa
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This article focuses on Jeremiah 23:18, which implies that the prophet stood in the council of Yahweh (sôd) to see and hear the word of Yahweh. In this verse, it seems that the senses of the prophet played a role in receiving Yahweh's words. Verse 18 forms part of 23:16–22 in which Jeremiah warned the people of Judah not to listen to prophets who mislead them with optimistic messages. In this article, attention is given to the question whether standing in the council of Yahweh is a deciding criterion for receiving true words from Yahweh. The motif of the divine council is also investigated. An argument is presented that 'sensing' should be understood in the double sense of the word, namely sensory experience as well as the intellectual activity of understanding. It is argued that both meanings of the word sensing are necessary to determine the truth of Yahweh's word.
Sensing; Yahweh's word; divine council
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HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies | ISSN: 0259-9422 (PRINT) | ISSN: 2072-8050 (ONLINE)