text:
Q: .htaccess remove php file extension not working only on heroku So I have the below code in my .htaccess file in my local apache XAMPP server in the root directory and it works 100% correctly. However, when I try to deploy to Heroku it does not work. I have tried slightly modified versions of this found on the internet to perform the same thing, but none of them seem to work. This is supposed to remove .php file extensions and allow things like /api/products/all where the file api.php exists and the products/all are just read in with PHP $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'] and output is returned based on what they are.
Options +MultiViews
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^([^\.]+)$ $1.php [NC,L]

I don't know a ton about .htaccess so any help would be appreciated.

A:
This is supposed to remove .php file extensions

Well, strictly speaking, this code is intended to add the .php file extension back again (in order to route the URL). (You've already "removed" it by making a request for /api/products/all.)
However, this code isn't doing what you think it's doing. This is only working on your local server because of the MultiViews line (part of mod_negotiation). The mod_rewrite code that follows is not doing anything at all, which is possibly why this is not working for you on Heroku?
If the mod_rewrite directives were allowed to run (ie. if MultiViews was disabled) then this would rewrite a request for /api/products/all to /api/products/all.php, which is clearly not correct in this example.
I don't know what other URL formats you are trying to handle, but to specifically route a URL of the form /api/products/all to /api.php/products/all using mod_rewrite, you would need something like the following instead:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^(api)/(.+) $1.php/$2 [L]

The RewriteCond directives are not required if you are only matching this specific URL.

...and the "products/all" are just read in with php

This is called additional pathname information and is managed/collected by the server and passed onto PHP in the PATH_INFO element of the $_SERVER superglobal. Whether path info is permitted at all is dependent on the server. (If not then such URLs would result in a 404.)
UPDATE#1:

...if I also have files such as example.js.php (where I use php code, but render them as javascript files) and I would like their .php to be removed so they can be accessed via example.js how would I modify the rewrite rule?

You could add an additional rule block like the following:
RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/$1.$2.php -f
RewriteRule (.+)\.(js)$ $1.$2.php [L]

This intercepts all requests for .js files and rewrites the request to the corresponding .js.php file if it exists.
Alternatively, you could specify the RewriteCond directive like this:
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}.php -f

Note that if your .js files are also located under a URL-path that starts /api/ then this rule will need to go before the above rule that routes your api calls, in order to avoid a conflict.
UPDATE#2: You may also need to set the correct mime-type for these resources. (Whether it works or not with the wrong mime-type is browser dependent.) Since the .js URL is being internally rewritten to a PHP script (ie. .js.php) Apache will naturally serve this with a text/html mime-type (as it does for all PHP files by default). You can either make sure you are explicitly setting the correct Content-Type header from within your script, or set this in .htaccess using the Header directive (mod_headers). For example:
<FilesMatch "\.js.php$">
    Header set Content-Type "application/javascript; charset=UTF-8"
</FilesMatch>

Note that this will only work on Apache 2.2.12+ (before this version it simply wasn't possible to set the Content-Type header with the Header directive).
Note also, that the "simpler" method of setting the mime-type using the T flag on the RewriteRule doesn't work in a per-directory/.htaccess context - it gets overwritten when the rewriting process starts over.


text:
Author of Mission-Based Management: Leading Your Not-For-Profit in the 21st Century
Includes the names: Peter Brinckerhoff
179 3 85,028 (3.75) 0 0
Works by Peter C. Brinckerhoff
Mission-Based Management: Leading Your Not-For-Profit in the 21st Century 50 copies
Mission-Based Marketing: Positioning Your Not-for-Profit in an… 33 copies, 1 review
Social Entrepreneurship : The Art of Mission-Based Venture Development 26 copies, 1 review
Faith-Based Management: Leading Organizations That are Based on More Than… 21 copies
Nonprofit Stewardship: A Better Way to Lead Your Mission-Based… 18 copies, 1 review
Generations: The Challenge of a Lifetime for Your Nonprofit 13 copies
Mission-Based Management: Leading Your Not-For-Profit Into the 21st… 8 copies
Financial Empowerment: More Money for More Mission (Mission-Based… 5 copies
Smart Stewardship for Nonprofits: Making the Right Decision in Good Times… 2 copies
The Essentials of Mission-Based Management 2 copies
Faith Based Management: Leading Organizations That Are Based on More Than… 1 copy
bvuvolunteers (7), collectionmcc (4), ImpactFoundry (4), museology (3), johnsoncenter (3), InnocentAlice (2), cfpbmc (2), BookWallah (2), SAAFdn (2), stampingreader (2), TeamYankeeKiwi (2), ddorst (2), sstaheli (2), OliviainNJ (2) — more
VantagePoint (1), UpperRoomChurch (1), gibsic18 (1), Bourgeois (1), ImpactFoundry (4), NDSUHSLBIS (1), pbnyc (1), JubileeMD (1), StJamesBR (1)
.200 -- SOCIAL VOCATIONAL Room (2) .210 - PHILANTHROPY bookcase (2) .212 Nonprofit Organizations (NPRF) (2) administration (2) associations (2) Board Leadership Development TP-100.080 (3) Board Roles/Responsibilities Definition TP-100.250-35 (3) business (3) Business Plan Development TP-660.100 (3) Church Administration (1) discipline (1) etc. (2) etc.-Management. (1) evaluation (1) FBO (4) finances (2) Financial Management Services TP-210 (2) fundraising (3) institutions (4) leadership (8) Leadership Development PH-620.450 (2) management (18) marketing (7) Marketing Plan Development TP-500.520 (2) museum (2) museum studies (3) NFP (2) non-fiction (2) nonprofit (21) nonprofit organizations (4) Nonprofit organizations--Management (6) philanthropy (2) planning (2) practice of ministry (1) purpose (1) referenced (2) roles (1) social entrepreneur (1) vision (1) Wiley Media (2)
Peter C. Brinckerhoff is currently considered a "single author." If one or more works are by a distinct, homonymous authors, go ahead and split the author.
Peter C. Brinckerhoff is composed of 2 names. You can examine and separate out names.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Michael Jackson's Former New York City Mansion Finally Sold For $32 Million
These kitchen floors!
By Taylor Mead
Courtesy of Adam D. Modlin
For Michael Jackson, no home was ever too extravagant. You remember Neverland, right? For those of us without a King of Pop-sized budget, simply being able to admire the facades of New York City mansions is an absolute treat. The Manhattan mansion at 4 East 74th Street, which was formerly home to icons such as Jackson and Marc Chagall, is one of those beautiful homes, and it's time on the market has come to a close.
After just under a year, the most recent buyer closed a deal on the six story, 16 room, and 7 bedroom limestone for $32 million, represented by Adam D. Modlin of Modlin Group, who was also the listing broker. It's a giant number, but the home is certainly worth every penny—if not more. Take a look around to see for yourself:
1 The King of Pop's former mansion was located on the Upper East Side.
It sits on a lot that measures an estimated 2,448 square feet.
2 The home itself is approximately 9,413 square feet.
To put that into perspective, Realtor.com quotes mansions being anywhere from 5,000 to 8,000 square feet. So, in NYC terms, this place is something like a mega-mansion.
3 The eat-in kitchen is big enough where an open concept floor plan wasn't necessary.
Plus, those finishes...*faints* How stunning is that countertop?
4 Of course, there's also a massive dining room for entertaining.
With enough natural light in this one room to light up the entire house, I would definitely eat every meal (and snack) in there.
5 See! Apparently not all New York City living is for ants because.
There's no such thing as a small room in this home. We're also loving that there's a fireplace in almost every room.
6 Even the shower is a sizable walk-in, not to mention the bathroom as a whole.
A separate tub? In Manhattan? In-cred-i-ble.
7 In case you get a little claustrophobic in the inside of this UES mansion, there's a patio.
That view! The air up there probably just feels more special, right?
Taylor Mead Taylor is a freelance writer, editor, and social media manager for beauty, wellness, and lifestyle brands and publications.
This House Has a Bathroom With Four Toilets
This $295 Million Home Is Heading to Auction
Inside a Dream Home Featured on "Selling Sunset"
An Apartment From "And Just Like That" Is for Sale
Inside a Dorothy Draper-Designed Home
Two Homes Connected by a Tunnel Are for Sale
A-Rod Just Sold His Miami Home for $6.3 Million
Sandra Bullock Just Listed Her Los Angeles Condo
Elon Musk Is Selling His SF Home for $32 Million
Marilyn Monroe's Condo Is on the Market
See Inside Bruce Willis's Insane New York Mansion
Diane Kruger & Norman Reedus Buy $11.8M NYC Home
Go Inside Kerry Washington's NYC Apartment
Archivia Books
Meryl Streep's Penthouse Sold for $15.8 Million
Derek Jeter's NY Estate Could Be Yours For $14.5M


Bill Gates Co-founder, Microsoft InC. Age is 60 years, current net worth is $86 billion according to Forbes.
Gates co-founded Microsoft, the world's biggest software maker, and owns about 1 percent of the Redmond, Washington-based company. The rest of his fortune is managed through closely held Cascade Investment, which controls stakes in dozens of publicly traded companies, including Canadian National Railway, Deere and Ecolab.
In short, Bill Gates has been the richest person in the world, off and on, since 1993. In 1999, his net worth exceeded $100 billion USD, an unmatched level of single-person wealth, even till today.
– Eristalis gatesi, a fly found only in the cloud forests of Costa Rica, was named after Bill Gates.
– He may be King of Computers in the hearts of nerds everywhere, but Bill Gates is a real honorary Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE), thanks to Queen Elizabeth II. Steven Spielberg is another US-born recipient of this honour.
So, we could all have been calling him Sir Bill Gates, but not as cool as just saying Bill Gates – that name is now practically a trademark, no Dr. Bill Gates, Sir Bill Gates, Chairman Bill Gates and so on will make enough sense.
– It's true that Bill Gates dropped out of Harvard University in the early 70s. However, he went for three years and technically had enough credits to graduate, and in 2007 received an honorary doctorate from the school.
So Why should we go to school and learn useless things, while Bill Gates and Steve Jobs did not even graduate, yet were far more successful?
People like Bill Gates and Steve Jobs aren't the rule, they are the exceptions you hear about – so my friend, don't be deceived on the place of learning and education, plus they didn't drop out of just any school, they dropped out of some nice institutions (like Harvard or Stanford).
They managed to learn things by themselves at a faster pace than was offered to them because a different learning strategy suited them better – and they are also really smart people. There are books and courses and practice one can do without schools, but that requires a form of discipline and interest not many people have.
Bill Gates didn't become successful because he dropped out of college, that's not how it works. Let's not forget that there are dozens of people who are successful with a degree, who applied what they learned.
Some lose nothing when dropping out, they, like Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, Mark Zuckerberg gained bigger opportunities. The bigger opportunity is the key here. While many others will thoroughly enjoy learning in school and take what they learn to higher levels, new opportunities – some like Bill Gates, find other means to the end!
Next time, you see someone studying so hard in school – killing social life, not partying, sacrificing and all – don't say they can't be the next 'Bill Gates'; their treasure might just be within that haystack.
For the rest, who have found bigger opportunities outside school – take my advice, DROP OUT and START EARLY!!! Otherwise, stay in the damn school.


text:
class Monacoin < FPM::Cookery::Recipe
  name 'monacoin'
  version '0.14.2'
  source "https://github.com/monacoinproject/monacoin/releases/download/"\
    "monacoin-#{version}/monacoin-#{version}-x86_64-linux-gnu.tar.gz"

  depends %w(
    fontconfig
    freetype
    libX11
    libxcb
  )

  def build; end

  def install
    bin.install Dir['bin/*']
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Magical Unicorn sweet treats that are as delicious as they look! Handcrafted Red Velvet cupcakes topped with beautifully coloured buttercream mane topped with a pink chocolate horn! Sprinkle a little magic to your special celebration today!


With the new tech era that we are living in the last years, traditional manufacturing is surrounded by new ways and resources to transform their business model. Data analysis, intelligent and autonomous machines, web connectivity and 3D printing, are leading the way to the new industrial revolution, Industry 4.0.
There are two words that can define this new revolution, integration and robotization. The integration of all the processes that are used in the company, beginning with a vertical integration between commercial and logistics, and end in a horizontal integration between the client, the factory and the suppliers. The robotization exchange some human interaction in the industrial process to machines interaction.
The industry 4.0 can give a lot of important changes to a factory but the outputs and the value proposition can be very different from company to company. The vertical integration can give a quick time of response from an input due to the fast communication between all the process stages and the efficient data analysis. The horizontal integration can give high flexibility to the manufacturing and offer a complete transparent process to our stakeholders. Value proposition from this two types of integrations can be very different and must be carefully analyzed within markets. For example, in a high output standardized manufacture, the process flexibility can be a non-relevant point in the short/median term of the factory.
Risk reduction and competitiveness improvement are some of the outputs from Industry 4.0. For the smaller companies, a complete business model can be made to adapt all the company process to the opportunities that are in the market for use. For bigger companies, extracting data from all the parts of the process is essential to the business monitoring, continuous improvement and integration between different market segments.
The high-tech resources that we see nowadays in the market are part of the revolution. Nanotech, mobile technology, drones and robots, AI, sensoring, clean energy and 3D printing, are all part of the integrations that lead to the new era of manufacturing. The technologies are not new but the easier use and the continuous descent in prices, start to give the opportunity to implement them on manufacturing. To use and apply them, the companies need an IT infrastructure, an IT support and an Engineering support.
Industry 4.0 is all about connecting the real with the virtual world.


text:
Sixtieth session
THE RIGHT OF PEOPLES TO SELF-DETERMINATION AND ITS
APPLICATION TO PEOPLES UNDER COLONIAL OR ALIEN
DOMINATION OR FOREIGN OCCUPATION
RACISM, RACIAL DISCRIMINATION, XENOPHOBIA AND ALL FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION
Written statement submitted by American Indian Law Alliance, Grand Council of the Crees (Eeyou Istchee) and Inuit Circumpolar Conference, non-governmental organizations in special consultative status
In regard to the UNCHR inter-sessional Working Group on the draft U.N. Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, one of the main impediments to progress and consensus has been the insistence of some States to add specific language to the draft Declaration relating to the territorial integrity of States. The inclusion of such language is presented as a precondition for States' agreement to Art. 3 of the draft Declaration recognizing the right of Indigenous peoples to self-determination.
In particular, at the September 2003 session of the Working Group, the Nordic countries submitted a proposal suggesting the following amendment (underlined portion) to preambular paragraph 15 of the draft Declaration:
Bearing in mind that nothing in this Declaration may be used to deny any peoples their right of self-determination, and further emphasising that nothing in this Declaration shall be construed as authorizing or encouraging any action which would dismember or impair, totally or in part, the territorial integrity or political unity of sovereign and independent States conducting themselves in compliance with the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples, and thus possessed of a government representing the peoples belonging to the territory without distinction of any kind,
that nothing in this Declaration may be used to deny any peoples their right of self-determination </dir></dir></dir></dir>
According to their various statements in the Working Group, the Nordic States made this proposal in order to bridge the existing gaps between different positions in the Working Group and as an attempt to find a consensus. However, consensus in violation of the Purposes and Principles of the Charter of the United Nations, as well as of the mandate concerning the draft Declaration, would not be a valid basis for agreement. This would also be a serious breach of the principles of international cooperation and multilateralism contemplated in the Charter.
Upon carefully examining the Nordic proposal, a large number of Indigenous representatives in the Working Group have concluded that the proposed Nordic amendment would create discriminatory double standards. In regard to Indigenous peoples, the interrelationship between the human right of self-determination and the principle of territorial integrity under international law would be significantly altered to our detriment. Our other human rights could also be severely undermined, in ways not yet fully determined.
pon carefully examining the Nordic proposal, Indigenous representatives in the Working Group have concluded that the proposed Nordic amendment would create discriminatory double standardsn regard to Indigenous peoples, the interrelationship between the human right of self-determination and the principle of territorial integrity under international law would be significantly altered to our detriment. Our other human rights could also be severely undermined, in ways not yet fully determined.
1. Indigenous concerns relating to the Nordic proposal
According to statements of the Nordic States, their proposed amendment reflects wording from the 1970 U.N. Declaration on Friendly Relations. However, the Nordic proposal derogates from the 1970 Declaration in significant ways.
The 1970 Declaration first affirms 3 key elements: the "principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples" under the U.N. Charter; the right of all peoples to self-determination; and the duty of every state to respect this right. Only then does the 1970 Declaration seek to "balance" in different situations these express rights and state obligations with the principle of territorial integrity.
By virtue of the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations, all peoples have the right freely to determine, without external interference, their political status and to pursue their economic, social and cultural development, and every State has the duty to respect this right in accordance with the provisions of the Charter.
Nothing in the foregoing paragraphs shall be construed as authorizing or encouraging any action which would dismember or impair, totally or in part, the territorial integrity or political unity of sovereign and independent States conducting themselves in compliance with the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples as described above and thus possessed of a government representing the whole people belonging to the territory without distinction as to race, creed or colour. [emphasis added]
shall be construed as authorizing or encouraging any action which would dismember or impair, totally or in part, the territorial integrity or political unity of sovereign and independent States conducting themselves in compliance with the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples as described above and thus possessed of a government representing the whole people belonging to the territory without distinction as to race, creed or colour. [emphasis added] </dir></dir></dir></dir>
In contrast, the suggested amendment of the Nordic States does not first recognize clearly the right of self-determination of Indigenous peoples under international law. Therefore, the principle of territorial integrity would be applied to a right of self-determination with a different and lesser meaning than the right of self-determination of non-Indigenous peoples; this would not only be discriminatory but also undemocratic. Further, the Nordic proposal does not balance the right of peoples to self-determination with the principle of territorial integrity in the same manner as the Nordic States suggest is done in the Declaration on Friendly Relations.
Instead, the Nordic amendment subjects the whole draft Declaration – including potentially every human right of Indigenous peoples – to the principle of territorial integrity. This would greatly expand the application of "territorial integrity" in uncertain and unprecedented ways. States could acquire new rationales for dominating Indigenous peoples and overriding or circumscribing the valid exercise of our basic rights.
The Nordic amendment . This would greatly expand the application of "territorial integrity" in uncertain and unprecedented ways. States could acquire new rationales for dominating Indigenous peoples and overriding or circumscribing the valid exercise of our basic rights.
Evidence of blatant misuse of the principle of territorial integrity against Indigenous peoples is already apparent in Canada. At international law, the principle of "territorial integrity" clearly does not apply to provinces, such as QuÈbec. Nevertheless, a law was adopted in December 2000 that applies the principle of "territorial integrity of QuÈbec" to potentially all matters within the province, regardless of whether it relates to secession or non-secession issues. Maintenance and respect for QuÈbec's territorial integrity has now become a legal duty of the provincial government. In treaty negotiations on Indigenous land, resource and self-government rights, the government of QuÈbec is increasingly imposing respect for the "territorial integrity of QuÈbec" as a precondition for any agreement.
States are currently free to invoke "territorial integrity" and other international principles, if and when justifiable circumstances arise. Therefore, there is no need to highlight such principles in the draft Declaration so as to possibly imply that these principles have some kind of overriding or special status.
Further, it would make little sense for Indigenous peoples to put at risk such a central and core right as self-determination, by endorsing language in the draft Declaration that could well result in a discriminatory double standard. As the U.N. Human Rights Committee has confirmed, the right of self-determination of Indigenous peoples, like all peoples, is affirmed in Art. 1 of the human rights Covenants. The principle of "territorial integrity" should not be applied to the human rights of Indigenous peoples in a manner that is wholly different from that of all other peoples.
t would make little sense for Indigenous peoples to put at risk such a central and core right as self-determination, by endorsing language in the draft that could well result in a discriminatory double standard. As the U.N. Human Rights Committee has confirmed, the right of self-determination of Indigenous peoples, like all peoples, is affirmed in Art. 1 of the human rights Covenants. he principle of "territorial integrity" should not be applied to the human rights of Indigenous peoples in a manner that is wholly different from that of all other peoples.
In light of past and ongoing violations of Indigenous peoples' human rights, the central focus must be the integrity of Indigenous territories that has been severely undermined or destroyed by states or third parties. In both historical and contemporary times, this has occurred through colonialism, dispossession, discrimination, forced assimilation, genocide and outright theft.
2. Alternative Proposal – Consistent with International Law
We firmly believe that, if basic international values and principles are strictly adhered to without discrimination, consensus can be reached on "self-determination" and "territorial integrity". States' concerns regarding secession, as well as Indigenous concerns with the Nordic proposal, can be addressed in a manner consistent with international law.
On 23 September 2003, an overwhelming majority of the Indigenous peoples' caucus submitted the following proposed amendments (underlined portion) to the Working Group:
Preambular para. 14:
Acknowledging that the Charter of the United Nations, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights affirm the fundamental importance of the right of self-determination of all peoples, and that this right applies equally to indigenous peoples.
that the Charter of the United Nations, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights affirm the fundamental importance of the right of self-determination of all peoples, .
Bearing in mind that nothing in this Declaration may be used to deny any peoples their right of self-determination, exercised in accordance with principles of international law, including the principles contained in this Declaration.
Indigenous peoples have the right of self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development.
In regard to preambular para. 14, our proposed amendment would, for greater certainty, affirm that the right of self-determination under international law applies equally to Indigenous peoples. No discriminatory double standard against Indigenous peoples would be created in respect to the right of self-determination. As a human right, self-determination cannot be transformed by the U.N. or member States into a different and lesser right when applied to Indigenous peoples.
In regard to preambular para. 15, our proposed amendment would confirm that the right of self-determination of Indigenous peoples is exercised in accordance with principles of international law. This would ensure that the right of self-determination is exercised in a fair and balanced manner. It would affirm the ability of States and others to freely invoke any principles of international law in the context of Indigenous peoples' right to self-determination. Therefore, there is no need to explicitly highlight the principle of territorial integrity.
The principle of territorial integrity has no special status or significance above a host of other international law principles – such as democracy, rule of law, respect for human rights, non-discrimination, and justice – which all apply in the context of self-determination. There is no hierarchy that would place the principle of territorial integrity above respect for human rights or other international law principles identified in international instruments.
Therefore, we call upon the Commission on Human Rights to urge States to cease imposing new and discriminatory preconditions on Indigenous peoples, as a precondition to obtaining affirmation of their right of self-determination in the draft U.N. Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.
In view of such far-ranging abuses, it is unconscionable for States to insist that all of our human rights in the draft U.N. Declaration be explicitly made subject to the principle of territorial integrity.


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text:
#include "api/s2n.h"
#include "stuffer/s2n_stuffer.h"
#include <assert.h>
#include <cbmc_proof/proof_allocators.h>
#include <cbmc_proof/cbmc_utils.h>
#include <cbmc_proof/make_common_datastructures.h>

void s2n_stuffer_reread_harness() {
    struct s2n_stuffer *stuffer = cbmc_allocate_s2n_stuffer();
    __CPROVER_assume(s2n_stuffer_is_valid(stuffer));
    struct s2n_stuffer old_stuffer = *stuffer;
    struct store_byte_from_buffer old_byte;
    save_byte_from_blob(&stuffer->blob, &old_byte);

    assert(s2n_stuffer_reread(stuffer) == S2N_SUCCESS);
    assert(stuffer->read_cursor == 0);

    /* These assertions should always hold, regardless of whether the test succeeded */
    assert(stuffer->blob.data == old_stuffer.blob.data);
    assert(stuffer->blob.size == old_stuffer.blob.size);
    assert(stuffer->write_cursor == old_stuffer.write_cursor);
    assert(stuffer->high_water_mark == old_stuffer.high_water_mark);
    assert(stuffer->alloced == old_stuffer.alloced);
    assert(stuffer->growable == old_stuffer.growable);
    assert(stuffer->tainted == old_stuffer.tainted);
    assert_byte_from_blob_matches(&stuffer->blob, &old_byte);
    assert(s2n_stuffer_is_valid(stuffer));
}


text:
Coding a suture removal
Thread starter Sarahmk
Sarahmk
East Aurora, NY
Patient was seen for suture removal. The issue is the diagnosis code to be used for the site the sutures were removed from. Patient had an ankle fracture 6 months ago. Patient recently had surgery to remove hardware from ankle by orthopedist. He came to us, his primary doctor, for removal of sutures. What diagnosis code do I use for this? I don't think ankle pain would suffice, do I code laceration - but this wasn't technically a laceration. Can I code aftercare for fracture? Help!
Z48.02 - Encounter for removal of sutures
mitchellde
Per coding guidelines, you will not use Z codes for aftercare for injury or trauma, you use the trauma code with the subsequent 7th character. so if the original injury was an open fracture then you use that code , if the injury was a closed fracture, you use that code with the 7th character indicating subsequent encounter.
amyhamilton
Leonardtown, MD
mitchellde said:
Disagree. Guidelines state "An external cause code may be used with any code in the range of A00.0-T88.9, Z00-Z99, classification that is a health condition due to an external cause." Code the Z4802 with the injury with subsequent code.
the guidelines state that you do not use aftercare Z codes for injury and trauma, you use the injury code with the appropriate 7Th character for subsequent encounter. I did not state to use an external cause code I stated that you use the trauma code for the fracture with the 7th character for subsequent encounter. Z48.02 is an aftercare code and as such is not to be used for aftercare for a fracture.
Michele Price
Seventh Character?
I have a question on the 7th character code. If the patient is a new patient and the they are being seen for suture removal, what is the 7th character. This is where I get confused?
daedolos
New patients always get the A designation as long as they are correctly defined as new.
@_*
If a doctor in your office saw the patient prior in perhaps a hospital session, then the followup visit at the office would be a 7th letter D designation.
daedolos said:
This is incorrect information - the 7th character designation has nothing to do with whether or not the patient is new to the provider. Per the ICD-10 guidelines, A is 'used while the patient is receiving active treatment for the condition'; D is 'used for encounters after the patient has received active treatment of the condition and is receiving routine care for the condition during the healing or recovery phase.
Assuming your patient's sutures are from the procedure performed to repair this injury and removal of the sutures is part of the routine follow-up care, then this patient would be in the recovery phase and 7th character D would be most appropriate for this encounter.
Thomas, if a patient shows up with a referral from his PCP for a fractured finger and makes his first visit to a specialist, the injury code would be 7th letter A on the encounter form for the specialist.
stephanieannec
Long Beach/Torrance, California
I think it depends on whether or not the treatment is completed for the patient's fracture. We don't have enough information in the example provided to make an absolute determination. If the hardware was added for fixation and the fracture is healed and the hardware is removed according to documentation, wouldn't that be the status code for removal of sutures? If the patient isn't otherwise being treated for the fracture by the PCP i.e. with an x-ray or prescribing pain meds, or doing a physical examination of the affected limb, I'd hesitate to use a diagnosis code in this setting.
If, according to documentation, the fracture is still healing, then you'd probably want to use D with the fracture code. I think it would be unlikely that the patient would be referred to a PCP for suture removal when the patient still requires ACTIVE TREATMENT, i.e., needs a new cast, the patient is in extreme pain and needs fixation and pain meds, right after completing surgery weeks after injury, but I think there could plausibly for the sake of argument be a scenario where an A would be acceptable as well, such as the patient going to a new orthopedist for active treatment right after surgery.
It's a pretty big deal to my knowledge for the same practitioner/medical group/tax id to use the A code more than once. I have never heard of new practitioners getting flagged for using an A code ... yet.


A suspenseful ride through the dark psyche of a rising ballet dancer with the New York City Ballet. Nina becomes frighteningly perfect for her starring role as the duplicitous swan queen when rivalry with a newcomer develops into a twisted friendship.
this is good as a discovery channel commercial: effective and previsible, with studied spontaneity and common sense logic, undaring and unsurprising, with well-worked visuals suit to illustrate the last discoveries of science. with all its merits, the concoction is more of a functional design product and less of a truly artistic experience. it must`ve been expensive.
This is the performance of Natalie Portman's career and she received a well deserved Oscar for a performance that is on the same level as DeNiro's performance in Raging Bull. I'm not a big Aronofsky fan but I love this film. It could just be because of Natalie Portman's excellent performance and the really good lesbian scene between her and Mila Kunis.
A l'exception du virage fantastique d'un intérêt discutable, le film met le spectateur en tension. Tension sexuelle aussi avec des scènes où les 2 jeunes femmes se testent, se jaugent avant que de se sauter dessus. Aronofsky reste intelligemment dans le lesbien suggéré, bien loin des agaçantes scènes pornographiques gay trop complaisamment présentées récemment.
I watched it again a few days ago and it's gotten even better! This is just an outstanding psychological thriller that keeps tricking you again and again so that you can totally relate to the craziness that is taking over Nina as the movie progresses. Every supporting character is interesting in some way, the special effects are used where and when they should be used, amazing cinematography and soundtrack. Perfect.
It took me a few years to watch this for a second time, mostly because I was afraid I didn't have the same psychological experience from the first one. Fortunately it was as good, if not better! Portman is incredible as the tormented Nina and the cinematography is amazing, specially the masterfully directed dance scenes - it definitely made me appreciate ballet a little bit more.
If you thought that The Red Shoes wasn't dark enough and wish Repulsion had more ballet, Darren Aronofsky has you covered. So it's a movie about the pain of perfectionism in art, but there's another, more interesting movie in here about the pain of perfectionism in womanhood. That having been said, I wish the film were more even, or that it didn't go to such pains to sacrifice subtlety for horror. 4 out of 5 stars.
the more I think about Black Swan, the more I dislike it. it is so much like a campy version of The Red Shoes with touches of Repulsion but not as masterful as either source yes, it is at times aesthetically pleasing in regards to light and costume and such but I am surprised that a better film could not be made going off the themes of obsession, dementia, power lust, and schizophrenic habits.
Every elements of this movie is incredibly structured. It has the essence of daring, engrossing and artistic.The most effective part is the true theme of the movie that shows that there's an innocent and guilty side to human. This is NOT for everyone, this isn't box office candy but for those who connects with what the director is doing, this is one special experience. This movie left me shaking when it was over!!


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Viscous radiator fan 1991-1994 Ford Transit, 2.5 TD. Visco radiator fan for Ford Transit MK4 with 2.5 Turbodiesel engine bolted to a narrow nut. Viscose transmits the speed of the motor pulley on the radiator fan. Clutch radiator fan suitable to Ford Transit 2.5 TD MK4 1991-1994 is a product of the DP Group.


Are you thinking of getting insurance for your loved ones? Are you planning to get your business insured? You may be confused about where, to begin with. Let's begin with the basics. Insurance is a contract between two parties or two individuals, where one pays money in installments and the other promises a return in favor under the circumstances a claim is made. Depending on the risks involved and of course your choice, you can choose from a number of types of insurances.
Policy: It is the contract that states the terms of insurance.
Benefit: The favor returned by the second party in the event of loss or as when the policy states.
Premium: The amount paid by the first party to get insured. It is generally to be paid in installments.
Coverage: The risks or losses covered under the policy, against which the benefit is offered.
Insured: The person or party who pays a premium to receive a benefit in the event of a loss. Insured is not to be misunderstood with the beneficiary.
The ones offered by the Government. These are generally offered to the weaker sections or underprivileged ones. There is no premium or in general, a negligible amount of premium to be paid by the insured. Some of the government operated insurance policies include; Social Security Insurance, Worker's Compensation, and Unemployment Allowance/Insurance.
The ones offered by private insurance agencies. These policies range from all domains of life encompassing, life, health, and business, and even more. The premium and the benefit depends on the coverage of the policy. The more the risk is involved, the more would be the premium.Some examples are; Life Insurance, Automobile Insurance, Health Insurance, and the list goes on.
In the event of loss, the beneficiary is entitled to make the claim. The benefits will be offered as per the policy and coverage of the policy. There have been cases where insurance agencies have not fulfilled the coverage. You can hire an insurance lawyer in such an event. The cost for hiring an attorney will be borne by the insurance company. Your defense attorney will make your case and present it before the jury, to let the courts decide who's to pay and what is to be paid. You can ask all sorts of questions to your attorney, just to make sure that he's defending you and not working for the insurance company.
Depending on the type of insurance and the risks covered, you can choose from a number of insurance policies available. In the case of Life Insurance, the beneficiary and the insured are different. The insured would be the person whose life is covered and beneficiary will be the person who receives the benefit. Likewise, there are a number of terms and conditions stated by the insurance companies. Make sure you read the offer document carefully before buying any insurance policy.
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User Content Platforms Take the Heat for Artists' Struggles at WIPO
by Jeremy Malcolm
Photo Credit: US Mission Geneva.
Licensed CC-BY-ND.
All this week, EFF has been at the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) in Geneva, debating with delegates from around the world at the 32nd session of the Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights (SCCR). One could write an exhaustive report of the discussions at the meeting (tl;dr: proposals for a broadcasting treaty continue to edge forward, while rich countries remain at loggerheads with users and poorer countries about copyright exceptions for education and libraries). But what's more remarkable are the persistent themes that are recurring in these discussions, as well as the motivations of regional groups, rightsholders and individual countries that propel them.
In a nutshell, Europe and the United States seem deadset on pressuring each other (and the rest of the world) towards their respective versions of copyright law, while avoiding making any changes to the law themselves. This is both a blessing and a curse; it means that the negotiations over a new treaty for broadcasters remain a drawn-out tussle in which Europe seeks to replicate its law giving special rights to broadcasters, and the United States mostly resists, promoting instead a slimmed down version that would only address broadcast signal piracy.
However Europe is equally resistant to even discussing copyright limitations and exceptions that don't currently exist in its law, and unfortunately the United States delegation doesn't care enough to push the matter, leaving the heavy lifting to nonprofit stakeholders such as the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions and Electronic Information for Libraries. Meanwhile, industry groups refuse to countenance any limit on their own monopoly powers, even when such a limit is plainly in the public interest and addresses a pressing need. For example, libraries and archives seek the legal authority to preserve orphan works, and to source and lend works across national borders, while people with disabilities other than blindness or vision impairment need similar flexibilities to those now extended to print-disabled people.
What about digital issues? Here, the most relevant developments took place not only in the SCCR's plenary session, but also at side meetings held during lunch breaks, including one held by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI), and a second held by EFF. At the IFPI meeting on May 10, industry panelists argued that intermediaries such as YouTube "hide behind" the safe harbor provisions of the DMCA and its equivalents to gain access to content, often uploaded by users, without advance permission from copyright owners. Of course, YouTube also automatically scans this content and share revenues with copyright claimants, which the law does not require it to do; and in most cases the industry is more than willing to take these payments rather than issuing requests to take the content down.
Industry complaints about content platforms' reliance on copyright safe harbors were also repeated at EFF's meeting by the representative from Brazil, Marcos Alves de Souza, who is the principal author of a paper on copyright in the digital environment that had first been tabled at the preceding WIPO meeting by the Group of Latin American and Caribbean Countries (GRULAC). The GRULAC paper does not recommend that copyright safe harbors be eliminated—this would be a disaster for platforms and users alike—but does raise a range of possible solutions to the low returns that artists receive for the use of their work online, and the lack of transparency about how these returns are calculated.
Independent recording artist Imogen Heap touched on the same theme of transparency in her keynote presentation at EFF's side-meeting. Imogen outlined her vision of a blockchain-enabled, distributed open database of music metadata, that she calls Mycelia. Although it remains mostly a vision for now, the widespread adoption of Mycelia-enabled services could, in theory, provide better transparency to artists about how and where their works are being used, as well as enabling many new innovative uses of music, both free and paid. The following question and answer given during her presentation gives a flavor of Imogen's vision (you can watch a recording of it here):
Q: 15 years ago we had a global music database in the form of Napster, which was of course shut down because it wasn't remunerating artists, but do you think that Mycelia could enable the re-emergence of a peer-to-peer music sharing culture that does also remunerate artists?
A: Well, the problem with Napster was that they did an amazing thing, you know, they had all of the music in the entire planet, pretty much, up available for people to use. What a shame that the labels couldn't, you know, use that to their advantage, and you know, take the technology and go wow, what could we do with this. You know they really, really missed a trick there. They reacted too late and then as a result they've been kind of clawing their way back and everybody else has been leading the way with new technologies and they've just been kind of left behind going "help, we're going to figure this out somehow, we're going to get back to the CDs when we made loads of money". So this is another point in time where we have this incredible new technology which can really, really change things, not just for music but for everything around the world, it's a real game changer.
Regrettably, the approach of the music industry establishment, at WIPO and elsewhere, is frequently much less imaginative and more reactive. Blaming online content platforms for the low returns that artists receive, and moves to target them with additional responsibilities or obligations, are symptomatic of that approach. (And this phenomenon is far from unique to WIPO, see for example the link tax proposals in Europe.) This approach also stands in very stark contrast to the treatment that another challenged industry sector, the broadcasting sector, is receiving from the very same committee. Whereas Internet platforms find themselves under fire for the low returns that artists receive, broadcasters are being courted with special new rights. It is difficult to account for this disparity in treatment as anything other than a clash between established industry interests and newer innovators.
The approach taken by the GRULAC proposal falls somewhere in between. It correctly identifies a real problem faced by many artists, particularly smaller artists, in deriving adequate economic value from the use their creative work online. Amongst the possible solutions that it identifies is the creation of a global database of rights, which overlaps with Imogen Heap's vision for Mycelia. But some of the other the ideas raised require a lot more analysis and discussion. Today, EFF shared our thoughts on the proposal at the SCCR meeting:
The Electronic Frontier Foundation welcomes the GRULAC paper on copyright in the digital environment. Although there are parts of the analysis that we do not agree with, it is clearly a topic long overdue for discussion, and the paper takes a refreshingly clean slate approach to the challenges that the transition to the digital environment poses to copyright owners and users. For example, the paper frankly acknowledges that the default assumption that reproduction of works requires the permission of the copyright owner is a poor fit for the digital environment, given that on the Internet reproduction is a routine and integral feature of the network.
Some of the possibilities to address this disconnect, such as replacing the requirement for permission with a duty to pay equitable remuneration to copyright owners, are interesting topics for discussion, though we would have to ensure that such solutions did not introduce their own problems. In any event, EFF observes with dismay that many such avenues for creative solutions to the digital disconnect may be foreclosed by plurilateral agreements that some members have entered into outside of WIPO, such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership, and this in itself should be a serious concern for this committee.
Leaving that aside, what other policy options pointed to in the GRULAC paper stand out? We believe that a good place to start would be to look at the adequacy of copyright limitations and exceptions in the digital and online environment, and in particular, the extent to which open, flexible and general copyright exceptions such as fair use are a more appropriate fit than closed list exceptions. The need for stronger protection of the rights of users to bypass Technological Protection Mechanisms to access and use lawfully acquired content is also a vital topic of concern.
As to the issue of improving the transparency of payments made to artists by labels and online platforms, we consider that there may be merit in addressing this also, but we would encourage the committee to look creatively at technical solutions to this problem, rather than leaping to the assumption that heavy regulation of platforms may be required, as this may create more problems than it solves. For example, yesterday the recording artist Imogen Heap spoke at an EFF side event in Room B, to talk about how blockchain technology might be useful in developing a global music database such as that suggested in the GRULAC paper.
In conclusion for now, we thank GRULAC again for its most stimulating contribution and we look forward to participating in ongoing open-ended discussions of the committee on the issues that it presents.
As frustrating as the long-winded discussions at WIPO often are, our ability to participate in them is a key advantage that this multilateral forum has over the secretive, closed-door negotiations over copyright that take place in trade negotiations such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership. (During the only closed-door session of the week, EFF were still permitted to listen in, even though they weren't allowed to contribute or share notes.) If future global norms around copyright in the digital environment are to be discussed—and there is an urgent need that they should be—EFF looks forward to participating in that process in this relatively open, multistakeholder format.
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text:
Elderly Gray Wolf Dies at Smithsonian's National Zoo
Gray wolf Crystal explores her habitat at the Smithsonian's National Zoo's American Trail Exhibit. Photo: Skip Brown, Smithsonian's National Zoo
Crystal, a female gray wolf at the Smithsonian's National Zoo, plays with a pillow for enrichment, exercising her natural hunting abilities. Photo: Chelsea Grubb, Smithsonian's National Zoo
American Trail keepers at the Smithsonian's National Zoo are mourning the loss of Crystal, a female gray wolf who was humanely euthanized Sunday, April 21. At 14 years old, Crystal was considered geriatric for her species. The median life expectancy for a gray wolf is about eight years in the wild; in human care, they can live as long as 10 to 15 years. A final pathology report will provide more information in the coming weeks.
On Sunday afternoon around 3 p.m., keepers noticed that Crystal was lethargic and appeared to have difficulty breathing. Zoo veterinarians anesthetized Crystal and performed an examination to determine the underlying cause of her symptoms. They found that her body temperature was elevated and administered intravenous fluids, diuretics and a cold-water enema to alleviate her symptoms. Because of her advanced age and the risk that a surgical procedure to help her breathe could predispose her to other medical issues, staff determined it would diminish her quality of life and elected to humanely euthanize Crystal based on her poor long-term prognosis.
Crystal arrived at the Smithsonian's National Zoo in 2012 from the Calgary Zoo in Canada along with the Zoo's other female gray wolf, Coby. Although Crystal and Coby were not related, they were hand-raised together as pups and served as companions to one another when they were younger. Most Zoo animals participate in the Association of Zoos and Aquariums' Species Survival Plan (SSP). The SSP scientists choose which animals to breed by considering their genetic compatibility, personality, health and temperament, among other factors. Rather than breed, Crystal served as an ambassador for her species, teaching Zoo staff and visitors about gray wolf biology, behavior and socialization.
American Trail keepers fondly remember Crystal as playful, goofy and full of energy. When she was younger, she seemed to especially enjoy playing with enrichment items. Toys, puzzle feeders and other enrichment objects stimulate animals' visual, tactile, olfactory and auditory senses, encouraging them to use their natural behaviors in novel ways and exercise choice and control over how they spend their time. Crystal's favorite enrichment items were ones that required her natural hunting abilities. She seemed to especially enjoy pulling apart and destroying pillows as depicted in the photo attached. As she entered her golden years, Crystal's overall activity level decreased, but every so often she would surprise keepers by actively tossing enrichment items around her yard.
Native to the northern United States and Canada, gray wolves are classified as least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Gray wolves once had one of the largest natural ranges of any terrestrial mammal in the Northern Hemisphere. Human expansion into the Western United States placed wolves and humans in conflict. Hunting and poisoning devastated wolf populations, and they nearly went extinct. The Endangered Species Act of 1973 helped reestablish wolf populations by providing legal protection from the unregulated killing of gray wolves by humans. Today, the gray wolf population has stabilized due to a combination of factors, including legal protections, human migration to more urban areas and land-use changes.
Visitor to the Zoo's American Trail exhibit can see Coby at the gray wolf habitat.
Photo 1: Skip Brown, Smithsonian's National Zoo
Photo 2: Chelsea Grubb, Smithsonian's National Zoo
Download a full-size version of this image (159.34 KB)
New at the Zoo: Bald Eagle Acadia
Sea Lion Dies at Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute
Harbor Seal Dies at Smithsonian's National Zoo
Meet the New Kids on the Block at American Trail


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KEITH RICHARDS: THE U.S. IS THE ROLLING STONES' 'EARLY HUNTING GROUNDS'
Keith Richards busy planning the Rolling Stones latest album. The still untitled set, which is the followup to 2016's Grammy-Award-winning Blue & Lonesome collection, marks the first new original album from the band since 2005's A Bigger Bang. Richards spoke to Rolling Stone from his home in Connecticut, revealing, "I'm preparing more than anything else, putting material together. Sometimes it's not as much writing as listening to what's been written and figuring it out, and honing and all kinds of stuff." Richards went on to joke: "It's very boring. It's like a carpentry shop."
Regarding the Stones upcoming 16-date North American jaunt, he said, "It's what I do. To play back in the States again, it's fantastic. It's been a while. I always think of it as our really early hunting grounds. Although we had already done it in England, to work over a whole continent was pretty astounding. So I've always had a soft spot for working in America."
When pressed about the Stones undertaking one of their legendary secret pre-tour warm-up club gigs, Richards said, "I'm hoping. We haven't in the last couple of tours. We still wanted to. I think it was a matter of logistics. Finding the right venue or whatever didn't happen. So it's definitely on the menu, let's put it that way. Hors d'oeuvres!"
Richards was asked whether he's ever gotten tired from hitting the stage with the band: "Not at all. I mean, hey, how bad can it be? You get up there and do what you love to do, and fortunately so do millions of others. It's not something to turn your nose up at, y'know? And it's what I do. It's the way the band feels. You can only do this if everybody is absolutely on. And the fact that they all are is an incredible tribute to the lads. They just want to do it. I think it's also, how can you stop? Because I think it has to be written in a different way, whatever the ending is."
Much like the Beatles, the Rolling Stones' early days as trailblazing rock musicians is the stuff of legend. Keith Richards was asked how crazy it really got back on the road during the 1960's: "You ask other people that (laughs), y'know? You can't describe your own wildness, but off and on, fairly (crazy). After all, you're a bunch of guys that are just thrown into the deep end. Nobody else knew what to do. Nobody had been through situations like this. You had to make things up as you went along (laughs). It was fun."
In the case of the Stones back in the 1960's, simply going to work could be the most dangerous part of the day. Richards remembered some of the hairier situations he's found himself in: "I mean, I've been scared a few times -- I've been shot at a few times -- nothing's scared me as much as being caught in a crowd of 13-year-old girls, who have just lost it. I mean, they're tearing you to bits. . . But if there's one way to die (laughs), y'know, 'might as well be it, pal!"
AUDIO: KEITH RICHARDS ON FAN CROWD ATTACKS
AUDIO: KEITH RICHARDS ON THE ROLLING STONES' WILD DAYS


text:
EMF INTERFACE
ElectroMagnetic Field Effects Consulting
TheraPulse
Humans Wearing Sensors Will Soon Be The Backbone of a Mobile Internet Infrastructure
Members of the public could form the backbone of powerful new mobile internet networks by carrying wearable sensors. Experts weigh-in on the novelty and potential dangers.According to researchers from Queen's University Belfast, the sensors could create new ultra high bandwidth mobile internet infrastructures and make mobile phone base stations almost obsolete.
The engineers from Queen's Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), are working on a new project based on the rapidly developing science of body centric communications.
Social benefits are being promoted from the work touting improvements in mobile gaming and remote healthcare, along with new precision monitoring of athletes and real-time tactical training in team sports.
The researchers at ECIT are investigating how small sensors carried by members of the public, in items such as next generation smartphones, could communicate with each other to create potentially vast body-to-body networks (BBNs).
The new sensors would interact to transmit data, providing 'anytime, anywhere' mobile network connectivity.
Many researchers are skeptical regarding long-term safety from the constant bombardment of electromagnetic radiation to the human body. "This has the potential to create a number of physical illnesses from cancer to neurological disorders," said Mike Davis who specializes in electromagentic frequencies and there affect on humans.
Dr Simon Cotton, from ECIT's wireless communications research group said: "In the past few years a significant amount of research has been undertaken into antennas and systems designed to share information across the surface of the human body. Until now, however, little work has been done to address the next major challenge which is one of the last frontiers in wireless communication – how that information can be transferred efficiently to an off-body location.
"If the idea takes off, BBNs could also lead to a reduction in the number of base stations needed to service mobile phone users, particularly in areas of high population density. This could help to alleviate public perceptions of adverse health associated with current networks and be more environmentally friendly due to the much lower power levels required for operation."
"The availability of body-to-body networks may bring much greater risks to the population than benefits," said Davis. "Regardless of reduced power levels from base stations, they may ultimately place a greater strain on the healthcare system in the long-term by dramatically affecting the nervous systems of the entire population," he stated. "Humans would become the base stations."
Dr Cotton added: "Our work at Queen's involves collaborating with national and international academic, industrial and institutional experts to develop a range of models for wireless channels required for body centric communications.
"Even though the market for wearable wireless sensors is still in its infancy, it is expected to grow to more than 400 million devices annually by 2014."
Davis worries that once approved, the devices will be ushered in quickly by telecom without proper long-term testing.
ElectromagneticHealth.org Details Health Damages from Cell Phones and EMF
Original Source: Prevent Disease dot com
Reference Source 125, 151
Categories : Cell Phones, Health Risks, Invention
All About EMFs
The Latest Information, Research, Resources, Contacts & Technical References About:
* Detection, Prudent Avoidance & Reduction Of Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs) In The Home & Office
* Environmental Illness & Electrical Hypersensitivity (EHS)
* Hypothyroidism Type II, Stress Involvement & Women's Health
* Potential Causes, Symptoms & Therapies for EHS
* Tie-Ins With Fibromyalgia, Chronic Fatigue & Chemical Sensitivity
* Cell Phones & Health Concerns
* Building & Property Inspection for Measurement of Health-Stressful EMF Intensitites.
BioElectroMagnetics Health Effects Update
EMF Data CD
Avoiding EMFs
California Town Enacts Ban on Wireless SmartMeters
Newsweek asks "Will This Phone Kill You?"
Vatican radio waves blamed for high cancer risk
Congress may consider bill requiring cancer warning on cellphones
Backscatter X-Ray


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Thirty visually impaired or blind people learn photography with the help of the Mexico City foundation Ojos Que Sienten, or Eyes That Feel.
Blind photographer – Photo #1 – Houston Chronicle.
A rabbit to remember
Museum quality giant rabbit by Jacobo and Maria, one we will remember long after it is gone…more pix to follow, a very difficult subject to photograph!
¿What's in the Window?
Waterfall necklace $349, bracelet $139, earring (not shown) $49. Large cuff, $498
El Santo T, $24, Tin pineapples, $39 + $49
Painting in the style of papel amate by Lucas Lorenzo, $138, Mezcal drinkers, $155
small painting by Nicolas Lorenzo, $47, small dog, $38
Large spoon, $24, small, $18
Mother Turtle candelaria from Tonala, $195
mini dogs on beds with bowls, $13, mini rooster and kitty on chairs, $15
winged painted wood heart ornament with milagro, Jacobo and Maria Angles Ojeda, $40
mini boxes, $10, tortoise magnet, $12
Quetzalcoatl, molded hand painted resin on wood, $62
Molded hand painted resin on wood, Aztec Stone of the Sun, $250, Olinala gourd, $20
BBC News – In pictures: Mexico's Carlos Slim opens new art gallery
In pictures: Mexico's Carlos Slim opens new art gallery
Mexican tycoon Carlos Slim, reputed to be the world's richest man, has unveiled a new home in Mexico City for his art collection. The Soumaya Museum is named in memory of his late wife.
via BBC News – In pictures: Mexico's Carlos Slim opens new art gallery.
Mex-LA exhibit explores Mexican-American two-way street
Southern California Public Radio: Mex-LA exhibit explores Mexican-American two-way street
Sept. 19, 2011 | Adolfo Guzman-Lopez | KPCC
During the 1930s, two well-known Mexican painters, David Alfaro Siqueiros and Jose Clemente Orozco, created public murals in downtown L.A. and Pomona. Jesse Lerner, curator of "Mex-LA" at the Museum of Latin American Art in Long Beach, says the artists' work had a ripple effect in the Southland.
"We were interested in using their presence in Southern California as a point of departure in thinking of the impact of Mexican modernism on the art world of Southern California and other exchanges back and forth between the arts communities of Mexico and Southern California," Lerner said.
Siqueiros hired influential artist Millard Sheets, who later created mosaics for Home Savings and other institutions. Orozco influenced Rico Lebrun, who later worked with Disney artists on the animated feature "Bambi." "Mex-LA" explores the interactions and influence between artists from Mexico who came to L.A., and American and Mexican-American artists. Lerner says few people have documented the ways those creative people mixed it up. The story of architect Robert Stacy-Judd stands out, he says. Stacy-Judd relocated from England to L.A., where he indulged his fascination for all things related to the ancient Mayan culture.
"He was extremely engrossed. He visited Yucatan several times, he wrote a number of books about his travels there and about his theories about pre-Columbian contact between the Maya and Europe by way of the continent of Atlantis," he said.
His Mayan-influenced hotel still stands in Monrovia. By most measures, Stacy-Judd was out there. There's a picture in the exhibit of him dressed in a Mayan-Aztec headdress and tunic, posed as if he's in the Bangles' "Walk like an Egyptian" video.
Ancient culture influenced the moderns, and modern art found its way into pop. Exhibit curator Ruben Ortiz Torres chose to display six production drawings from Disney's 1944 animated film, "The Three Caballeros."
"Here we have one in which Donald is trying to reach a guitar but the guitar, if you look at the guitar, the guitar has these kind of colorful abstract forms that might refer to a serape, but it also looks pretty modern, it looks modernistic, it looks abstract," he said.
That's the point of the exhibit — that the interaction between Mexican, American, and Mexican-American artists resulted in nuanced work light years from the sombreros and Mexican food that many people associate with our southern neighbor's influence on L.A.
The exhibit includes works by Chicano artists Chaz Bojorquez and Yolanda Lopez, Mexican photographer Graciela Iturbide, and furniture makers Charles and Ray Eames.
Ortiz Torres says several well-known Mexican intellectuals lived and worked in Southern California. He notes that the late Nobel Prize-winning writer Octavio Paz came up with the idea for his groundbreaking book "The Labyrinth of Solitude" when he lived in L.A. a second time. Paz lived in Los Angeles in his youth when his family was escaping the revolution and it has been said that this is the city where he learned how to read and how to write.
Ricardo Flores Magon, a Mexican anarchist writer who fanned the flames of the 1910 Mexican revolution, coined the slogan, "Tierra y Libertad" — "Land and Liberty" — when he lived in L.A.'s Echo Park. Ortiz Torres says these stories have as much to do with art in L.A. as those associated with artists like Ed Ruscha or John Baldessari.
"Dreams are an activity of memory, our unconscious draws from these memories to create these dreams, so I think for Los Angeles to construct its dreams, it has to be aware of its memories and its past and in this case it has to do a lot with Mexico," he said.
The exhibit "Mex-LA" at the Museum of Latin American Art in Long Beach is part of the Pacific Standard Time series of exhibitions. The goal of that series — coordinated between multiple institutions — is to document and recover Southern California's art history before it disappears.
Mexico: Peace Caravan "Has Made Us Feel Stronger"
Written by Daniela Pastrana
Oaxaca, Mexico – (IPS) – With a huge hug, Olga Reyes from Chihuahua, who has lost six family members in Mexico's wave of drug-related violence, greets Araceli Rodríguez from Mexico state, the mother of a young federal police officer who "disappeared" in Michoacán two years ago.
They are both travelling with the Peace Caravan, heading for Mexico's southern border with Guatemala.
Reyes and Rodríguez then embraced Rosario Ocampo, the niece of Lucio Cabañas (1939-1974), a rural schoolteacher and leader of the insurgent Partido de los Pobres (Party of the Poor). Her family were displaced from their home and forced to flee from the southern state of Guerrero after the legendary guerrilla fighter's widow was murdered two months ago.
"Thank you so much!" murmurs Ocampo, who joined the Peace Caravan just two days ago. Led by poet Javier Sicilia, the caravan is headed south to pick up supporters of the movement, which opposes the militarisation of the country in the fight against drug trafficking.
On the fourth day of the caravan's progress, Sicilia was welcomed with flowers and incense by people from 16 indigenous communities at the ancient Zapotec ceremonial centre at Monte Albán in Oaxaca state.
"This caravan is strengthening awareness and strengthening hearts, and it is making people stand up tall," said Carmelina Santiago, of the Flor y Canto Indigenous Rights Centre.
The procession of vehicles, which left Mexico City Friday Sept. 9, is going to Ciudad Hidalgo in the southern state of Chiapas, which borders Guatemala, to apologise on behalf of all Mexicans for the murders of Central American migrants.
Some 500,000 undocumented migrants from Central and South America cross Mexico every year in their attempt to reach the United States, according to estimates from academics and human rights groups. Along the way, they face the risk of arbitrary arrest, extortion, theft, assault, rape, kidnapping and murder, at the hands of youth gangs and organised crime, as well as corrupt police and other agents of the state.
The caravan will then travel through territory under the influence of the Zapatista National Liberation Army (EZLN), a barely-armed indigenous rebel group that laid down its weapons after just two weeks of skirmishes with the army in the first two weeks of 1994.
The participants will celebrate the anniversary of Mexico's independence from Spain there on Sept. 16.
On the weekend of Sept. 10-11, the caravan drove through three towns in Guerrero, where more accounts were gathered about victims of the scathing violence that has devastated the country since President Felipe Calderón launched his crusade against the drug cartels in early 2007.
In the southwestern port of Acapulco, one of Mexico's leading tourist centres, thousands of people dressed in white flocked to an extraordinary march along the seafront promenade Sunday Sept. 11, to express support for the movement for justice and against violence.
In contrast with other marches Sicilia has organised, media coverage has been remarkably low-key. The poet previously headed a walking march from Cuernavaca to Mexico City and a motorcade covering over 3,000 km to Ciudad Juárez in the north, on the border with the United States.
Media attention is currently centred on the campaigns for the nomination of candidates for the 2012 presidential elections, and on the opening of ordinary sessions in the lower house of Congress.
"Apparently they don't care about the south," a close associate of Sicilia's told IPS.
However, the caravan has enabled family members of the victims of the violence generated by the "war on drugs" waged by the federal government, and of the structural violence that criminalises social protest, to come together.
"There has always been violence in Guerrero, caused by corruption and extreme poverty, and there has always been drug trafficking: all the heroin in the country is produced in this state," Ricardo Espinosa, the uncle of Adriana Morlett, a student at the National Autonomous University of Mexico who disappeared Sept. 6, 2010, told IPS.
"But in recent years we have experienced disproportionate violence and cruelty of a kind we had never seen before," he said.
Some 600 people are on the Peace Caravan, riding in 15 trucks and a dozen cars along the winding roads of the south and southeast.
At their nightly campsites, victims of the clash between government security forces and organised crime mingle with groups with a long history of social struggle.
Among them is Tita Radilla, the daughter of Rosendo Radilla who disappeared 30 years ago, and whose case resulted in the only condemnation of the Mexican state by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights for crimes against humanity.
Radilla complained that President Calderón has not complied with the verdict of the Court, and blamed him for the violence that has left more than 40,000 people dead and 10,000 disappeared, and has displaced 700,000 people from their homes since January 2007.
Macario García, leader of the Independent Movement for Triqui Unity and Struggle (MULTI), said: "This war of extermination is not only happening in San Juan Copala (a town under siege whose indigenous Triqui residents have been displaced from their land), but all over the country."
"This caravan has made us feel stronger," Nepomuceno Moreno from Sonora state told IPS. He is looking for his son, who has been missing since July 2010.
via Mexico: Peace Caravan "Has Made Us Feel Stronger".
In Oaxaca, Mexico, Fresh, Locally Grown Food is Not a "Movement" – NYTimes.com
Pilar Cabrera (mentioned in this article) and her family cooked for our wedding in Oaxaca at La Casa de los Milagros in 2004…we still wax poetic about the rose petal ice cream and the squash blossom soup…
In Oaxaca, Mexico, Fresh, Locally Grown Food is Not a "Movement" – NYTimes.com.
Following in the footsteps of Jack Kerouac in Oaxaca, Mexico | The Periscope Post
Following in the footsteps of Jack Kerouac in Oaxaca, Mexico | The Periscope Post.
Fallout from deadly Mexico casino fire sparks political brawl – latimes.com
Fallout from deadly Mexico casino fire sparks political brawl
The mayor of Monterrey, where 52 people died in last month's arson attack, is in President Felipe Calderon's PAN party, which wants him to resign. Its chief rival, the PRI, has leaped into the fray.
Monterrey Mayor Fernando Larrazabal is greeted by supporters as he arrives at city hall this month. He is under pressure from the ruling National Action Party to resign his post. (Tomas Bravo / Reuters / September 7, 2011)
via Fallout from deadly Mexico casino fire sparks political brawl – latimes.com.
Upcoming Pittsburgh Events of Interest, September-October
Upcoming Pittsburgh Events of Interest, September-October:
¡Hola Pittsburgh! Ya viene:
Un día muy latino para divertirte con la familia y enterarte de muchas cosas.
Domingo 2 de octubre del 2011,
12:30-5:30 p.m.
En el Greentree SportsPlex,
(gtsplex.com , 412-922-1818)
600 Iron City Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15205
(A una milla de Vincent's of Greentree,
pasado del Parkway Center Mall)
Entrada gratis. Buses gratis desde San Regis después de misa, y parando en Bigelow Boulevard, en frente de la Catedral de Pitt. Información de salud, bancos, educación, trabajo, servicios sociales y legales. Habrá actividades para niños con Colorin Colorado, cancha de fútbol y práctica con miembros de los Pittsburgh Riverhounds. Música Latina con el DJ Juan Diego. Demostración de Zumba. Comida Latina para la venta. Para más información, escríbenos a
laferialatina@gmail.com o llama al 412-475-9725
There's still time to see the last few performances of Camino, which also happens to feature a beautiful shirt donated by us for a performers' costume…
There will be a special performance in Spanish of Federico Garcia Lorca's "Poet in New York", on Sat. October 1st with the Pig Iron Theatre Company at the Kelly-Strayhorn Theater…
Hear Miguel Sague's Banda Guaracha on Fiesta Wednesdays at the Shadow Lounge…
Don't miss the Fourth Annual Americas In Concert, featuring "Tango" with the Octavio Brunetti Quintet…
And stay tuned at Global Beats Pittsburgh for details of their next event, World Reggae Night…
Brasileiros (and all those who love them!), are cordially invited to Pittsburgh Brazilian Day…


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The High Spirits is our casual styled waterproof and breathable rain jacket, with classic colours and styling that look the part for weekday living and weekend jaunts. Its crafted from our ISOTEX 5,000 fabric with taped seams to make sure the rain doesnt sneak in and it features a handy zip-off hood for dry spells. Both the waist and cuffs can be adjusted to slim the fit and it has four handy pockets with press stud fastenings. We have finished it with a cute print lining in the hood for a summery pop of colour. 100% Polyester. Regatta Womens sizing (bust approx): 6 (30in/76cm), 8 (32in/81cm), 10 (34in/86cm), 12 (36in/92cm), 14 (38in/97cm), 16 (40in/102cm), 18 (43in/109cm), 20 (45in/114cm), 22 (48in/122cm), 24 (50in/127cm), 26 (52in/132cm), 28 (54in/137cm), 30 (56in/142cm), 32 (58in/147cm), 34 (60in/152cm), 36 (62in/158cm).


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text:
ELSA Law Schools
ELSA Delegations
John H. Jackson Moot Court Competition
European Human Rights Moot Court Competition
Legal Research Group
Student Trainee Exchange Programme
More opportunities
Home About ELSA History
1981: The Founding
ELSA was founded in Vienna, Austria, on May 4th, 1981. During the times of the Iron Curtain, five students coming from Austria, Hungary, Poland and West Germany saw the need to promote international cooperation and mutual understanding among law students on both West and East Europe.
1984: The First Office
The first international office of ELSA was established in Oslo, Norway.
1984: The Launch of ELSA's traineeship programme
Trainees from different European countries were sent to Canada through the Canadian Training Programme and the first steps for the establishment of ELSA's traineeship programme were made.
1985: The Birth of STEP
The traineeship programme of ELSA was named as Short-Term Exchange Programme (now "Student Trainee Exchange Programme") and the abbreviation STEP was born.
1987: The Newsletter of ELSA
The first printed newsletter of ELSA was published under the name "ELSA Synergy".
1989: The Synergy Magazine
ELSA Synergy was upgraded to an international members' magazine and renamed to Synergy Magazine. The Synergy Magazine contains articles from partners, members, institutions and academics. Today, it is printed in over 10,000 copies and is distributed in more than 300 law faculties and institutions all around Europe.
1990: The Establishment of the International Presidents' Meetings
Two International Presidents' Meetings were decided to be held annually in addition to the already established two International Council Meetings, which are the meetings of the decision-making body of the association. The Presidents of the National Groups of ELSA are subsequently given the opportunity to meet with each other, discuss important issues and make proposals to the Council. Since then, four statutory meetings are held every year.
1992: The Adoption of the Philosophy Statement
The philosophy statement of ELSA was adopted in Brussels, Belgium, on October 12th, 1992. Since then, the association has been envisaging "a just world in which there is respect for human dignity and cultural diversity."
1993: A New Office
The office of ELSA was moved to Brussels, Belgium.
1994: Consultative Status in UNESCO
90s were very important for the development of the institutional relations. In 1994 ELSA was granted a Consultative Status in Category C in the UN Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation. This was followed by obtaining a Special Consultative Status with the same institution three years later. This created a platform for the overall involvement in the UN bodies.
1994: The Guide of Legal Studies in Europe
The first edition of the Guide of Legal Studies in Europe was published with the support of the European Commission, the Law Society of England and Wales and the Rijksuniversiteit Limburg (now "Maastricht University) in the Netherlands. The Guide aimed at favouring the mobility of law students around Europe.
1995: The ELSA House
Due to the rapid growing of the association, the headquarters of ELSA were moved to their current location in Brussels, Belgium. Since then, the famous ELSA House has been hosting a full-time working International Board.
1995: The International Focus Programme
ELSA established the International Focus Programme, which aims at raising awareness of a specific theme for whole ELSA Network over a fixed term. In this way, ELSA creates a forum where law students and young lawyers can gather and discuss a current theme at various activities.
1996: The ELSA House Summer Programme
The first edition of the ELSA House Summer Programme was organised in Brussels, Belgium. This training event aimed at bringing law students from all around Europe to attend sessions on personal and professional skills.
1999: The ELSA House Training Week
The well-established ELSA House Summer Programme was renamed to ELSA House Training Week drawing attention to training nature and the duration of the event.
2000: The International Trainers' Pool
A pool of qualified trainers ready to deliver training sessions around Europe was established as the International Trainers' Pool.
2002: The ELSA Moot Court Competition on WTO Law
The first edition of the ELSA Moot Court Competition on WTO Law (EMC2) was launched in August 2002. Since then, ELSA has been cooperating with the World Trade Organisation for a competition that has expanded to the whole globe, giving the opportunity to law students to learn, prepare written submissions and plead before famous trade experts on cases regarding the legal framework that the WTO has developed. EMC2 is now the biggest project of ELSA.
2006: Quarter of a century
In 2006, the association turned 25 years, and celebrated at the same time the 50th International Council Meeting, the 40th edition of the Synergy Magazine and the 5th edition of the ELSA Moot Court Competition on WTO Law. For a quarter of a century, ELSA influenced the lives of law students and young lawyers in Europe and was an important independent actor in the European legal community.
2008: Council of Europe and ELSA
ELSA is cooperating very closely with the Council of Europe already since 2000, when was the association granted Participatory Status with this organization. This cooperation was further widened with the signing of a Human Rights Partnership between Council of Europe and ELSA. This partnership provides our members with various opportunities and professional support.
2012: The Vice President for Moot Court Competitions
The Council of the association decided to establish a new statutory position in the International Board. The Vice President for Moot Court Competitions has raised the number of the Board members to 8 people.
2012: The European Human Rights Moot Court Competition
The first edition of the European Human Rights Moot Court Competition was launched in July 2012. Since then, ELSA has been cooperating with the Council of Europe for a Europe-wide competition that simulates the procedure of applications to the European Court of Human Rights and provides law students with the opportunity to understand the principles and implementation of the European Convention on Human Rights.
2013: The ELSA Day
Keen in raising awareness on Human Rights, the association established the ELSA Day in 2013. Since then, the motto "All different, all together" has been defining one day as the ELSA Day every year. The entire ELSA Network works together to forge a unique Human Rights forum for discussions and projects related to International and European standards of protection and implementation of Human Rights.
2015: The ELSA Law Review
The first edition of the re-established ELSA Law Review was published. The ELSA Law Review is a student-edited and peer-reviewed law journal aiming at creating an open forum for legal analysis and discussion and at serving as an international platform through which engaged law students, law graduates and young legal professionals can showcase their legal research.
2015: The Great Number 40
In autumn 2015, approximately half a year before it turned 35 years old, ELSA welcomed its 40th full member.
We want your help! Join us and shape the future of the biggest law students association in the world. We can't wait!
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This is Unit 5 of the training programme in pursuing the "Trust Training Certificate".
It provides an overview of other Estate planning vehicles and how they are compared with a Trust.
For the topics to cover, please refer to the content section below.
If the participant is intended to pursue the "Trust Training Certificate", he / she is required to take "TTC Unit 1: Types of Trusts" and "TTC Unit 2: Types of Trusts and When Appropriate" prior to attending this course.
This course is primarily targeted to those who would like to pursue the "Trust Training Certificate" in order to apply for the Hong Kong Trustees' Association Certified Trust Practitioner™ designation.
It is also relevant to those who would like to gain a solid understanding of the course subject matter and / or those who plan to enter into the Trust industry sector.
Mark was educated in England and was qualified as a solicitor in 1970 in London. Since 1971, Mark has been concerned with international estate planning and structure and international comparative taxation. Having been a partner and then Chairman in one of the UK's most successful provincial law firms, he moved permanently to Asia and was admitted to practice as a solicitor in Hong Kong in 1995.
Mark is active in providing advisory works both to governments and families with international members. Mark advised the Government of Singapore with regard to the Trustees Act of Singapore. He originated the proposals for changes to the Trust Law of Hong Kong and advised on such changes. He advised the Malaysian Government on changes to the laws of Labuan, including Trust Law, Foundations Law and Limited Partnership Law. He remains an international adviser to that government. He advised the Government of Samoa on and has drafted new Trust Law, new Foundations Law and a new Trustee Companies Bill and has advised on and drafted changes to other relevant laws in consequence.
Mark taught a course on international estate planning, including the use of trusts and foundations, as Adjunct Professor of Law at the National University of Singapore for 10 years. He is teaching a similar course in Samoa.


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Q: Slow Magento development environment I'm trying to develop a new menu template, but my magento webshop loads incredibly slow on my development machine. I have to disable the 'Page blocks HTML' in order to see my changes. Once i disable this cache, loading of a single page takes about 10 seconds! (With cache enabled its below a second).
My setup:

*

*USBwebserver running on same machine

*Core I5-3570K

*8 GB Ram

*Samsung SSD 830

*Magento 1.9.2.1 shop with about 400 categories / 4000 products

Content hosts file:
127.0.0.1       localhost
#::1            localhost

What i've tried:

*

*Different servers, same effect: uniserver, wampp

*Enabled opcaching

*Repaired and optimized all tables

*disabled microsoft security essentials

Is this expected behaviour? What should i do to get acceptable loading speeds?

A: Make sure following is in place :
1. Flat Product.
2. Flat Category.
3. At least have some cache switched on config cache specially( you will find few options in admin )

A: When i deleted a 1000 products, the load time dropped dramatically. I've deleted some more, but the inital delete caused a significant timedrop.
Here some measurements:

*

*18,7s > Original without caching for page block HTML (flat catalog / products on). It was more then i initially though.

*4,67s > Deleted 1000 products

*4,1s > Deleted all products

I suspect something else was going on. Perhaps something like the rewrite table was full and the deleted caused a rebuild of this table?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
namespace File
{
    bool Load(const char* fileName, char*& buffer, size_t& size); ///< Loads a file to a buffer of bytes (char)
    bool Save(const char* fileName, const char* buffer, size_t size); ///< Saves a file from a buffer of bytes (char)
    bool Remove(const char* fileName); ///< Deletes file with the given file name
}

#endif // FILE_H_