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Label & Narrow Web
Vol. 19 Nbr. 7, October - October 2014
Companies to watch.
COMPANIES TO WATCH IS A SPECIAL FEATURE OF LABEL & NARROW WEB THAT PAYS TRIBUTE TO A SELECT GROUP OF CONVERTERS WHO ARE MAKING NOTEWORTHY CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE HEALTH OF THE INDUSTRY.
THIS IS NOT A RANKING OF ANY KIND, NOR IS IT MEANT TO BE ALL-INCLUSIVE. IN MAKING OUR SELECTIONS, WE DO NOT CONSIDER COMPANY SIZE OR ANNUAL SALES. IF THESE COMPANIES SHARE ANYTHING IN COMMON, IT IS THAT THEY ARE EXPERIENCING GROWTH, THEIR WORK IS OF THE HIGHEST QUALITY, AND THEY ARE USING THE LATEST TECHNOLOGIES TO BETTER SERVE THEIR CUSTOMERS.
FOR 2014, WE PRESENT THESE COMPANIES TO WATCH: DISTINCT PAYABILITIES * AWT LABELS & PACKAGING * TURSSO COMPANIES * DIVERSIFIED LABELING SOLUTIONS ILLOCHROMA HAONENG EUROPE * LAUTERBACH GROUP * PIRKANMAAN LAATUETIKETTI OY
DISINCT
* PACKABILITIES *
100 Frank E. Simon Ave Shepherdsville, KY 40165 USA
www.distinctpack.com
A great number of printing companies suffered through the recession that hit the global economy in 2008, and Shepherdsville, KY-based Publishers Printing Company was one of them. In the printing business since 1866, led by the Simon family for five generations, the company thrived in the publication printing industry. But the recession served as a wakeup call, and ownership saw the need to diversify.
The Simon family spent a few years weighing their options, and by 2012 they decided that entering the labels and packaging market was a way for the company to continue printing, and also have a business that's not so susceptible to the fluctuations in the economy. They put aside 75,000 square feet of manufacturing space, purchased a Mark Andy P7 Performance Series Press, a Rotoflex finishing unit, and called their new division Distinct Packabilities.
To run this new labels and packaging entity, the Simon family brought in David Haley, who today serves as Distinct Packabilities' vice president. Publishers Printing is still successful with its core business and employs roughly 1,500, and although Distinct Packabilities is relatively small with just 55 people working there, the company is experiencing significant growth.
"We are in a steady if not steep growth trajectory," Haley says. "We're out of space in this building, and are in the process of adding a new plant a couple hundred yards away. We might be growing a little faster than the labels and flexible packaging space itself, but we'll grow right along with the market."
While Distinct Packabilities began as a label shop, Haley, who came on board with a flexible packaging background, stressed to ownership that they'd never get where they want to be by solely printing labels, and encouraged diversification into flexible packaging.
Today, along with the Mark Andy, equipment includes a 52-inch CI (central impression) flexo press, wide web slitting capability, pouch and poly bag machinery, along with shrink sleeve converting equipment.
"Other than making our own substrates, we're pretty integrated as far as flexo packaging and flexo printing production goes," Haley says.
A large part of the Distinct Packabilities operation is its graphic arts and prepress department. The company makes its own plates; using the Fujifilm water-wash Clarity plate making process, which Haley says makes Distinct Packabilities something of a pioneer, being one of the first printers to use that technology.
"We re not afraid of being guinea pigs," he says, alluding to not only the company's plate making process, but also its most recent acquisition. At Labelexpo, Distinct Packabilities became the second printer to purchase Fujifilm's new Graphium, a digital hybrid, four-color plus white UV inkjet press integrated with inline flexo and finishing.
Haley had done his due diligence with regard to digital printing technology. "Over the last few years, I spent a lot of time monitoring the market and future trends. I like to lead from the future, which is a difficult thing to do, and I've always known that digital printing has way too much of a value proposition to be ignored. About a year ago, I finally I had enough information to make a case to the Simon family, and say 'Okay, it's time--here are the reasons, here is the growth rate. The digital flexible packaging and label market is a $7.3 billion industry, which is growing to $18 billion by 2018--and we don't have any digital assets.' I made a list of my top five digital technologies, which included Graphium."
Distinct Packabilities chose Graphium based on the capabilities of its hybrid design, incorporating digital and flexo printing into one platform, to create spot colors, respond quickly to short run demands, and its ability to produce flexible packaging and prime labels. Haley says Graphium offers a digital print quality and capability proposition that had previously not been available. The press is slated to be installed and running by mid-October.
"Its print capability can produce up to 13,240 feet per hour at a resolution up to 1080 dpi and an eight-level grayscale. This digital press will print all of the common substrates found throughout our other production processes while achieving excellent adhesion, light-fastness and durability. Also, for us, the ability to very quickly move in and out of a rapidly changing print schedule is very important," adds Haley.
While Graphium is a new machine, Haley doesn't see it as much of a gamble. In addition to a longstanding relationship Fujifilm has with Publishers Printing, the partner companies involved with the press--Edale, Xaar, FFEI--also played a role. He says, "The expertise of the technology partners also keep this from feeling like an experiment."
Distinct Packabilities will use the Graphium to help serve its core markets--prime food labels, gourmet foods in particular, and also the beverage industry. The company's Kentucky location has it situated in the world's whiskey mecca, which makes it a great fit for the lucrative, high-end spirits label market. Converting capabilities include embossing, cold foil, and rotary silkscreen printing.
One market that Haley really likes--which the company is rapidly penetrating--is pet care, with its preference for flat-bottom bags. "If you look at the specialty and gourmet food markets, they're not spending as much on packaging as they are in pet care. Some specialty brands of bird and fish food--in 12 and 16 oz. sizes--are selling for 30 or 40 dollars an item. Pet care brands don't care about how much they are spending on packaging, they just want their packages to look nice, and they'll pay more for it," Haley says.
Now in the digital market, Haley says Distinct Packabilities has some big plans, leveraging the capabilities of the Graphium. He explains, "Between now and the end of the year, we're going to enter a certain market in a way that is not currently being served. It's flexible packaging, and we're going to bring a product that's new and innovative, and is going to set this market on fire. We're very excited about it."--Steve Katz
AWT LABELS & PACKAGING
600 Hoover St NE #500, Minneapolis, MN 55413 USA
www.awtlabelpack.com
AWT Labels and Packaging, headquartered in Minneapolis, MN, USA, has label printing roots that go back to 1976, when the company was founded as Web Label. Separately, in 1991, AdvancedWeb Technologies got its start in the label industry. In 2005, these two companies merged, and the following year consolidated, together moving to a 115,000 square foot manufacturing space in Minneapolis. In October of 2011, US Converting, a 30,000 square foot flexible packaging company in South Elgin, IL, was purchased.
In November 2013, with so many entities, and now entering new markets with expanded capabilities, management thought the time was right for the company to rebrand itself, and thus emerged AWT Labels & Packaging. "We changed the name to AWT Labels & Packaging because the industry found our name Advanced Web to be confusing. Instead of identifying us as a flexo printer, in many cases, prospects and industry suppliers were under the impression that we were a world wide web developer," explains Jim Lundquist, CEO. "We were determined to simplify that perception. Also, we purchased US Converting in 2011 and we wanted to clarify we were the same organization, and simplify the connection between what we do in South Elgin and what we do in Minneapolis. We wanted to be more direct about our true mission as a company."
What AWT does is lead the way in the challenging medical device labeling market. The company provides custom labels and packaging, as well as consultation, working with customers to develop innovative products for a wide range of medical device manufacturers. "We also provide extensive research and development in both product and packaging design for many of our other customers on an ongoing basis," Lundquist says.
In addition to medical device labels, other growth markets include household, personal care, health & beauty, food & beverage, industrial and specialty markets. Converting capabilities include piggyback labels, extended content labels, scented stickers, tattoos, window clings, specialty diecutting of gel materials, laminating multi-layer film structures, converting poly bags, and the company can now offer customers shrink sleeves. Lundquist says, "We are now entering the shrink sleeve market with the addition of the appropriate software, seaming, cutting and inspection equipment. We have also added extended content...


On December 17, 1908, Tlgadintsi (Hovhannes Haroutiunian, born in Tlgadin/Khuylu/Kuyulu in 1860 and killed in 1915), in a letter addressed to a friend writes: "In the evenings, we can find our back home without worries. Isn't this enough?". Constitutional order has been established throughout the Ottoman Empire and Tlgadintsi's observation refers to the persecutions, betrayals and arrests that occurred during the reign of Sultan Abdülhamid II before this historic event. This principal of the Central School (in the Upper or St. Hagop District) had bitter memories of these incidents.
"The magnificent constitution, with its magic wand, raised us from enslaved subjects to free citizens. July 11, 1908, not only has opened a wide horizon of privileges and incomparable opportunities, but an enchanting vista of things to come within our sights (…)" Hovhannes Bujicanian (born in Çüngüş/Chnkoush in 1873 and killed in 1915) was a high ranking authority at the local Euphrates College and a prominent representative of the Protestant community.
The removal of the Hamidian regime was truly a political and psychological life-changing event for a people who for decades lived in despotic conditions. In the months that followed, one could already observe signs of this change in Harput's everyday life. Armenians started to feel relatively more secure, which inspired self-confidence and prompted people to take steps they had avoided in preceding decades. Thus, of symbolic importance is that we see more windows being installed in village homes and an increase in two story homes being built, in contrast to the proliferation of subterranean houses up till then.  In the past, Kurd or Turkish aghas and beys generally only had such houses, while Armenian peasants were cramped in their one-storey windowless homes dug underground.
Donabed Lulejian, who was an Armenian luminary in the town of Harput, a teacher at Euphrates College and a member of the local "Euphrates" freemason lodge, also experienced this jubilation of new-found freedom. In 1910, he was studying in the United States, first at Yale and later at Cornell, and sent his congratulations to the college graduates back home. In his letter he already sees new prospects for the missionary institution to play in the region. In 1912, he left the United States and returned to his native Harput. "In constitutional Turkey, the Euphrates [college] now has a wider field of activity and a more glorious rank." He saw this new role mainly in the agricultural sector, as the people living on the Harput plain were mostly farmers. He saw the necessity of supplementing the college with farming and animal husbandry divisions. "The farmer will change his plough handles and ploughshare and will adopt new methods, to make the earth more bountiful" .
The slogans of the Constitution were echoed as far away as in the United States, where thousands of emigrants from Harput had relocated from the 19th century. They were mostly laborers working in factories along America's east coast. Many of them considered the time appropriate to return to the homeland and start a new life with their families and relatives with the money they had earned abroad.
As was the case with all Armenians living throughout the Ottoman Empire, the 1909 massacre of thousands of Armenians in the Adana region dealt a heavy blow to the jubilation by Armenians in the Harput region. A feeling of collective confusion and distrust towards the future became palpable. This mentality was also expressed in the memoirs of Harput Armenians and other writings (press articles, lettres) of the time.
This is not to say that the Constitution was welcomed with equal excitement by all Armenians. Many regarded the new freedoms with suspicion. Doubtlessly, this mistrust was directed at the leaders of CUP (Committee of Union and Progress) who took over the reins of power in the empire and the non-democratic modus operandi they adopted.
Viewing things from Harput, as we will see in following section, there were many reasons for uncertainty regarding the unfolding situation. While some found a way out by emigrating, others (and here we refer to Armenian intellectuals of Harput) sought a solution to the problem by improving local conditions. In this context, when we examine the discussions that took place at the time on the Armenian stage, we note the following dominant line of thought – the strengthening and solidification of the state, the Ottoman state. This may seem a bit contradictory, especially in hindsight, but the jubilation created by the Ottoman Constitution hadn't completely waned. Many Armenians, including prominent figures from Harput, were convinced that the best guarantor for improving their daily living conditions and their human and cultural rights was the forging of a strong state. But from their perspective, the stress placed on the role of the state did not mean the development of a centralized state authority that, in the name of country's welfare and security, would be ready to intervene to the detriment of democracy and in opposition to individual liberties. Such a "law and order" state was the CUP's much desired one party rule. The course of developments would show that this dictatorial tendency gradually became the reality throughout the empire's domain. From the vantage point of Harput intellectuals, the guarantor of a powerful state should respect the law and defend constitutional rights. The influential presence of state institutions should be extended to villages, preventing all types of anarchy and violations of the law. "Without these freedoms and rights, the constitution is a joke; freedom a dead element and the truth a lie,"  Bujicanian writes in 1912. Naturally, one could find differences amongst the various Armenian ideological currents at the time. Nevertheless, the majority of the voices expressed in Harput pointed to the strengthening of state institutions as the key to the solution.
Another important view-point, expressed directly or indirectly during these discussions, saw the future of Ottoman Armenians within the boundaries of the Empire. In the majority, the concept held sway that given the conditions of the day there was no solution to the Armenian issue outside the Ottoman Empire. The freedom of 1908 had unchained their voices. They boldly expressed themselves on national (Armenian) issues and the future of the nation. The words "nation" and "national" weren't used with their modernist meaning. Rather, we must understand them to mean "proto-nation" and "proto-national". In other words, they should be understood as the Armenian community and its cultural values within the hybrid Ottoman environment. We must take this into account especially because in this article we encounter the use of these same words by Bujicanian and Lulejian. But when the discussion turned to matters of the "homeland", oftentimes a dual meaning was evident. Sometimes reference was made to the Armenian homeland, i.e. those historic lands on which Armenians lived at the time. Elsewhere, it was clear that the concept of "homeland" referred to the Ottoman homeland – the ideal brought about due to the new constitutional order. Donabed Lulejian provides a good example of this situation. This teacher at Euphrates College escaped in 1915 and took refuge in the Dersim Mountains. There, on slips of paper, he begins to write down his memoirs that were never completed or published by him. In 1917, in Garin/Erzurum - at the time under the control of Tsarist Russia - he contracts typhus and dies. The following lines are taken from the chapter "Prison Memoirs", where he presents the general sentiments in Harput before the Genocide. These sentences were written in Dersim, when the mass killings of Armenians at the hands of the Ottoman authorities hadn't yet finished and the wounds Lulejian received while tortured in jail hadn't yet healed.
It is clear that, from an Armenian perspective, the strengthening of such understanding would first and foremost derive from the creation of mutual confidence. During the post-constitutional years, when Lulejian wrote the above mentioned lines, one shouldn't view the Armenian demands for cultural, economic and political autonomy as a threat to the Empire. These demands derived from the collective consciousness of one primary group that constituted the Empire, and their implementation, on a variety of levels, would have made the collective participation of this element much more practical in terms of strengthening and enriching the empire. Here, it is instructive to recount one episode of the life in Harput to portray this dichotomy that existed between the Armenian elite and the CUP regarding the conceptualization of the constitution and its interpretation.
In 1913, all larger Armenian communities celebrated the 1500th anniversary of the creation of the Armenian alphabet in grand style. The Harput region with its rich educational institution, would participate as well. On October 13 (October 25 according to the Gregorian calendar) a grand procession of students, pupils and college students took place, while at the same time, accompanied by the sound of the church bells. At the head of the procession were the college students, one of whom carried a banner emblazoned with the Armenian alphabet. Another student held the purple-red flag of Euphrates College, and a third the Ottoman flag. Other students held aloft pictures of Mesrob Mashdots and Sahag Bartev.  The procession wound its way through the streets of the town. Especially visible was the brass band of the Capuchin School. The 1,500 strong procession marched past the municipal building and the governor's office and then entered the market, all the while singing songs in Armenian. When they reached the Turkish Sultaniye School (state-run secondary school), the marchers shouted out in unison "Long live the Sultan, long live St. Sahag and St. Mesrob". The procession then headed towards to the neighboring town of Hussenig where pupils from the Armenian schools joined in, returning to Harput town together. Celebrations continued the next day. Armenian school teachers from the villages arrived. The Armenian primate from Mamüretülaziz and many prominent personages travelled to Harput. Speeches were made and the Tarkmanchats religious hymns (Translation canticles) and Armenian patriotic songs were sung.  The celebration was essentially an Armenian occasion to mark one of the most significant dates of Armenian culture. The following words of Hovhannes Bujicanian, spoken before the crowd of celebrants, capture the spirit of the day.
In fact, the Ottoman Constitution opened new horizons for Armenian collective life, the most important being cultural freedom and its unhindered progress. The magnificent celebration marking the Armenian alphabet was a clear expression of the new times. Armenian organizers spared no effort in imbuing this celebration with decorum. Held in the streets of Harput, they made the celebration an expression of cultural pride. A public gathering on such a scale hadn't been seen in the town in the post-constitution years. However, we clearly see that Ottoman symbols had been preserved. That's to say, the organizers of this public celebrations fully understood that the CUP circles could unleash collective condemnation against the Armenians at any moment, arguing that such celebrations were clear manifestations of Armenian separatist tendencies.
2) 1733 Bible printed in Venice. Once belonged to the Euphrates College library. Bujicanian family members who survived the Genocide saved it. It is now in the possession of Adom Boujikanian, a grandson of Hovhannes Bujicanian, who resides in Montreal.
However, these calculations on the part of the Armenian organizers proved to be incorrect. But we will come to this later.
For the intellectual circles of Harput, the main issue was the strengthening of the constitutional-democratic order in the Ottoman Empire. Thus, for Hovhannes Bujicanian, the constitution was firstly an historic occasion to work for the prosperity of the empire. "The constitution isn't verbiage, and verbiage isn't the constitution. The constitution is an opportunity that will ascertain whether the Ottoman state and the nationalities that comprise it have the virtue and right to live, or whether they are doomed to die,"  Bujicanian writes.
With this aim in mind, it was imperative for the people to be politically vigilant so as not to lose this historic opportunity. Bujicanian pointed out that the people must be provided cultural, religious, literary and artistic nourishment, and that a civic consciousness and spirit must be awakened in them in order to create a healthy public life in the country. "We need civic halls in order for public life to grow strong. We need civic spirit in order for the nation to grow strong. We need public opinion in order for the constitution to take root,"  writes Bujicanian in 1909. He believed that education and progress played a huge role in forming a model Ottoman citizen. "First light, then freedom. First education, then the constitution."  His friend, Donabed Lulejian, thought quite alike on the topic.
The freedom to express one's opinion was a fundamental necessity for Bujicanian. The problems of the country had to be discussed freely and publicly, without constraints. The same held true regarding political life, where the parliament should become the platform for political give and take and thus prevent any manifestation of violence. Bujicanian had studied philisophy and psychology at Edinburgh University between 1906 and 1908 and had become a supporter of the democratic institutions of Great Britain. He believed that there was a need for "conservative and liberal parties" for the development of Ottoman political life, given that their existence was an important incentive "for correcting each other's errors and finding truth".  "These two parties need to defend their views freely and in fact. The constitution stands on the anchor of free debate. From the clash of opinions, light will be born in the assembly of deputies."  For Bujicanian, the constitution was a synonym for democracy. In essence, he believed in a political life developing under democratic conditions where diversity of opinion was respected.
How to halt this precipitous process of events? Every diversion from constitutional principles placed the Ottoman Armenians before a new set of tragedies. Our Harput Armenian memoirists realized this, but at the same time they had become passive observers of this process of events. The elite of the CUP made their positions more severe day by day. The prospect of Armenians, Turks and others living and developing side by side throughout the empire was essentially torn asunder. Gradually, Armenians were portrayed as a disruptive element preventing the development of the empire. Their cultural, economic and educational abilities were no longer seen as enriching impulses. On the contrary, they had become threats for the CUP's vision based on Turkishness and Turkification. For the CUP leaders, the entire issue had become a struggle between Armenian and Turk. In his memoirs , Donabed Lulejian called the CUP approach a "Struggle for Life", and we get the impression that when he wrote these lines he had already fully grasped the CUP ideology and their ideas that paved the way for the implementation of the Armenian Genocide. Moreover, we get the impression that Lulejian was already familiar with the works of CUP ideologues Yusuf Akçura or Ziya Gökalp and their ideas influenced by social Darwinism and the inevitability of natural selection among peoples.
There was fertile ground in the Harput region for the spread of this line of thinking. Local Muslims could not match the Armenians' economic and educational strength. This inflamed the suspicions and jealousy of the CUP administrators. The silk and cotton factories owned by Armenians in Mamüretülaziz and Harput, the iron foundry, the presence of Armenian merchants, Armenian tradesmen everywhere in the towns and villages, the development of a rich and unprecedented Armenian educational network within the region, and the inflow of money and economic skills from the United States, had all become thorns in the eyes of the local CUP administrators. The national bourgeoisie,  a Muslim middle class, which the CUP ideologues were seeking to support hardly existed in the region. Instead, as Hamit Bozarslan noted quoting CUP thinkers, there was a Christian "aristocracy" that was seen as suppressing the Turkish (and/or Muslim) "Third estate" (tiers états).  Even though Armenian-Turkish harmony continued on a 'formal' basis, all it would take was a radical change in conditions so that the nuances of CUP understanding of the Ottoman state would appear explicitly.
The Ottoman state system was weak in the village regions of Harput, and the absence of the central authorities was the major source of general insecurity. What ruled instead was the power of the local beys and aghas (Turks and Kurds). They owned the majority of the region's fields, gardens and orchards. Most of the Armenian, Kurdish and Turkish villagers were tied to them by the status of maraba. Only a tiny portion of the harvest was the property of the villager. The greatest benefit expected in the villages of Harput from the Constitution was the successful solution of the land issue. Deep down, it wasn't merely the Armenian peasant that had expectations from this new political regime. Disenfranchised Turk and Kurdish villagers also found themselves in the same situation.  The establishment of the new order naturally caused serious concerns in the feudal circles – mainly among some Kurdish tribal chiefs – that had reached privileged positions during the reign of Sultan Abdülhamid II.
This approach was not always successful however. In Charsanjak, to the north of Harput, a solution to the land issue remained unsettled. Community efforts to free some 25,000 Armenians from the status of maraba were met with insurmountable hindrances taken by local state bodies.
In essence, the socio-economic structure that existed in the past was maintained intact by the new regime. From the perspective of the Armenians, as well as common Kurdish and Turkish villagers, this structure was the main source of injustice and exploitation. The new development after 1908 was that the Armenian community organizations of Harput and Charsanjak directly took the responsibility of settling this issue on behalf of the villagers. These bodies frequently petitioned local and central authorities to find a resolution of the land issue. There is the widespread notion that the CUP leadership was ready to resolve the land issue in the first few months after the establishment of constitutional rule. Later, however, forging friendly relations with the Kurdish aghas and powerful tribal chieftains and not antagonizing them became the CUP's primary task; to the consternation of the peasants made landless by them.  Clearly, the CUP brass was playing a double game. One the one hand, it negotiated with Armenian political leaders, while placating the Kurdish aghas and beys.  The passive stance of the local authorities in Charsanjak simply allowed the beys and aghas to increase the exploitation of their maraba Armenians. They could no longer tolerate the fact that their former subjects were now openly and talking boldly about their rights. Thus, in the post-constitutional period, the Armenian villagers of Charsanjak were subject to an intensified round of attacks, killings and thefts. The state authorities took no measures in response and these transgressions went unpunished.
It is impossible to write about events and daily existence in Harput without some reflections on the Genocide, which terminated all local Armenian life. While we do not seek to provide a detailed description of those final affairs, we will raise some points that relate to a few thoughts broached in this article.
A few weeks after war was declared, the Capuchin missionaries of the Lower District of Harput left the town. Local Turks immediately broke down the door of the Capuchin church and threw the church bell down to the ground, trampling it underfoot. The same local Turks attempt to remove the cross atop the church. Mayor Asaf Bey personally removed the wooden cross from the altar, broke it, and stood on it. Such symbolic acts increased. Local Armenians, however, remained passive, silent observers of events happening around them. When Armenians took to rebellion in Van, persecutions intensified also in Harput. Word spread that the Armenians in Harput were also preparing for an armed rebellion. On this issue Lulejian writes in his memoirs that CUP inspectors reach Harput in April and hold a secret meeting, attended by Turkish officials, prominent individuals, Kurdish aghas and tribal chieftains, in the CUP club.  It is at this meeting that Armenians are declared as enemies of the Ottoman homeland. A terrible process soon follows; the local authorities, in response, unleashed mass arrests of Armenian notables, inellectuals, community activists .
In the meantime, one of the priorities of the local authorities was to find the hidden caches of Armenian weapons. CUP inspectors arrived in Harput. Demands were made on arrested Armenians to hand over their arms. As we have seen, the procurement of arms by Armenians during the preceding years was not a secret. The local CUP leaders were well aware of what was going on. For instance they knew which local ARF leader was involved in the arms trade. The arming of Armenians reached its peak when the CUP and the ARF were allies and, in essence, was a defense mechanism against reactionary circles in the empire. In other words, and it may sound ironic, the weapons in Armenian hands were envisaged as a means to defend the constitutional order, and thus the state, from reactionary forces opposed to the 1908 revolution.
Despondent, disillusioned and unable to withstand further mistreatment, they attempted suicide in their prison cell. But they were physically incapable of this final act of desperation. Even assisting one another, suicide was beyond their means . Later on, Bujicanian was transferred to the Kırmızı konak (red mansion) in Mamüretülaziz that had been converted into a prison. He would then been killed on the road of exile. As mentioned before, Lulejian was able to escape to Dersim where he wrote down his experiences. In the chapter describing the tortures he experience in jail, Lulejian, a pacifist and rational man who, till the end believed in the harmony between the various populations constituting the Empire, the reforming power of education and upbringing, struggles to explain in words the final fall and destruction of his world in Harput, which he had helped building.
 A letter from H. Haroutyunian to Aram Andonian, December 17, 1908, Harput. Երկեր [Works of Tlgadintsi], Cilician Catholicosate press, Antelias, 1992, p. 293; K.H. Aznavourian, Արեւմտահայ գրողների նամականի [Letters of Western Armenian writers], Vol. VI, Edition I, Yerevan University Publishers, Yerevan, 1972, p. 28.
 Hovhannes Bujicanian, «Տիպար քաղաքացին [Model Citizen]», Ամբողջական գործեր [Hovhannes Bujicanian, Complete Works], Doniguian Press, Beirut, 1974, p. 355.
 Hagop Gharib Shahbazian, Թանգարան գիւղը մեր եւ սիրոյ արիւնոտ ածուներ [Tadem Village and Bloody Love Gardens], France, 1967, p. 126.
 This was the case in the villages of Habousi (present-day Ikizdemir), Pazmashen/Bizmişin (present-day Sarıçubuk), Körpe, Hogheh (present-day Yurtbaşı), Chorkegh (present-day Harmantepe), Morenig (present-day Çatalçeşme) and Komk (present-day Yenikapı).
 Vahé Haig, Խարբերդ եւ անոր ոսկեղէն դաշտը [Kharpert and its Golden Plain], 1959, New York, pp. 346-347, 358-360, 365; Hapet Pilibosian (editor), Յիշատակարան Եփրատ գոլէճի, 1878-1915 [Memoranda of Euphrates College, 1878-1915], Boston, 1942, p. 124.
 Born in Harput in1864, killed in 1915. Pilibosian, Memoirs of Euphrates College, pp. 132, 147-149; Nazaret Piranian, Խարբերդի եղեռնը [The Holocaust of Kharpert], Baykar Printers, Boston, 1937, pp. 46-48. Levon Lulejian recounts in his memoirs that in 1911 an Ottoman educational inspector is present at the year-end exams at Euphrates College and expresses his amazement regarding the students' excellent knowledge of Turkish language and grammatical laws. The inspector pays particular praise to Nigoghos Tenekejian, who was also a Turkish language teacher. (Levon G. Lulejian, Days of Terror in Kharpert (1914-1915) [unpublished memoirs], Translated by Sevag Yaralian, p. 19).
 «Եփրատի սաներուն [To the pupils of Euphrates]» April, 1910, in Հասկաքաղ Բրօֆ. Տ.Կ. Լիւլէճեանի (Բագրատ). գրական վաստակը եւ 1915-ի բանտի յուշերը [Anthology of Prof. D.G. Lulejian Works and Prison Memoirs of 1915], Crown Printing, Fresno, 1955, p. 115.
 G.H. Aharonian (editor), Hussenig, Hairenik Printers, Boston, 1965, p. 74; Յուշարձան ուսուցչապետ Բենիամին Ժամկոչեանի [Memorial to head teacher Peniamin Jamngochian], Yerevan, 2010, pp. 151, 162; Vahé Haig, Kharpert and its Golden Plain, p. 688; Հապուսի գիւղին պատմութիւնը [The History of the Habousi Village], Baykar Printers, Boston, 1963, p. 26; "Vartanank": A work of the Armenian writer Smpad Pyurad (born in Zeytun in 1862, killed in 1915).
 Vahé Haig, Kharpert and its Golden Plain, p. 624; Jizmedjian, Kharpert and its Children, p. 391; Abdal Kolej Boghosian, Բազմաշէնի ընդարձակ պատմութիւնը [Comprehensive History of Pazmashen], Baykar Printers, Boston, 1930, p. 189; Arsen Gidour (editor), Պատմութիւն Ս.Դ. Հնչակեան Կուսակցութեան, 1887-1963 [History of the Social Democrat Hnchak Party, 1887-1963], Vol. 2, Shirag Printers, Beirut, 1963, p. 383. Henchag Party prominent activist Paramaz (Mateos Sarkisian, 1863-1915) settled in the town of Harput for a short time in 1911. As for ARF activists, the names of Vartan Shahbaz (1864-1959), Khachadour Bonapartian, Parsegh Shahbaz (1883-1915) and Sepasdatsi Mourad (1874-1918) are mentioned.
 «Կարծիքի ազատութիւն [Freedom of Opinion]» (May 10, 1912) in Hovhannes Bujicanian, Complete Works, p. 219.
 "Prison Memoirs, 1915" in An Anthology of Prof. D.G. Lulejian Works, p. 361.
 «Ամերիկահայ ուսանողի պարտականութիւնը [The Obligation of an American-Armenian Student]» [in Armenian] (1910) in An Anthology of Prof. D.G. Lulejian Works, p. 122.
 Jizmedjian, Kharpert and its Children, pp. 413-415; "Prison Memoirs, 1915" in An Anthology of Prof. D.G. Lulejian Works, pp. 363-363.
 «Մեծ Յոբելեանին սիրտը [Heart of the Great Jubilee]» in Hovhannes Bujicanian, Complete Works, p. 182.
 «Մամուլին ոյժը [Strength of the Press]» in An Anthology of Prof. D.G. Lulejian Works, p. 52.
 «Սահմանադրութիւն եւ շատախօսութիւն [The Constitution and Verbiage]» (March 15, 1912, Harput) in Hovhannes Bujicanian, Complete Works, p. 207.
 «Հանրային գումարումներ [Public Convocations]» (December 1, 1909) in Hovhannes Bujicanian, Complete Works, p. 212.
 "Model Citizen" in Hovhannes Bujicanian, Complete Works, p. 361.
 D.G. Lulejian, Ուսանողին գաղափարականը (Բանախօսութիւն մը, 1912-ին) [A Student Ideology (1912 lecture)], Yeprad Printers, Harput, 1913, p. 6 (the booklet is attached to another work – Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Իվանճելին, Աքատեան սիրավէպ մը [Evangeline. A Tale of Acadie], translated by D.G. Lulejian, Yeprad Printers, Harput, 1913).
 «Կարծիքի ազատութիւն [Freedom of Opinion]» (May 10, 1912) in Hovhannes Bujicanian, Complete Works, p. 218.
 «Արեւելք ու Արեւմուտք [East and West]» in Hovhannes Bujicanian, Complete Works, p. 230.
 "Prison Memoirs, 1915" in An Anthology of Prof. D.G. Lulejian Works, p. 374.
 Hamit Bozarslan, Histoire de la Turquie: De l'empire à nos jours, Tallandier, Paris, 2013, pp. 273-278; Raymond Kévorkian, Le Génocide des Arméniens, Odile Jacob, Paris, 2006, pp. 241-259.
 Bozarslan, Histoire de la Turquie, p. 276.
 «Հ. Յ. Դաշնակցութեան վեցերորդ Ընդհանուր Ժողովին որոշումները [Decisions of the ARF Sixth World Congress]», Document 1542-37 in Նիւթեր Հ. Յ. Դաշնակցութեան պատմութեան համար [Materials on the History of the ARF], Vol. 9, Yervant Pamboukian (Ed.), Hamazkayin Press, Beirut, 2011, p. 126.
 Janet Klein, The Margins of Empire: Kurdish Militias in the Ottoman Tribal Zone, Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, 2011, p. 151.
 Dikran Mesrob Kaligian, Armenian Organization and Ideology Under Ottoman Rule, 1908-1914, Transaction Publishers, New Jersey, 2011, p. 109.
 Arsen Gidour, History of the S.D. Hnchak Party, p. 393; Boghosian, Comprehensive History of Pazmashen, p. 173; Gyuregh Khrayan, Ծովք-Կէօլճիւկ [Dzovk-Gölcük], Arara Printers, Marseille, 1927, p. 117; Kourken Mkhitarian, Մեր գիւղը Դատեմ [Our Village Tadem], Hairenik Printers, Boston, 1958, p. 65; Manoog B. Dzeron, Բարջանճ գիւղ, համայնապատում (1600-1937) [Parchanj village. Encyclopedia (1600-1937)], Boston, 1938, p. 188.
 See on this issue: Klein, The Margins of Empire, էջ 152-169.
 Hans-Lukas Kieser, "Réformes ottomanes et cohabitation entre chrétiens et kurdes (1839-1915)" in Etudes rurales, juillet-décembre 2010, 186, p. 54; Kaligian, Armenian Organization and Ideology, p. 60.
 See: Kevork S. Yerevanian, Պատմութիւն Չարսանճագի հայոց [History of Charsanjak Armenians], G. Doniguian Printers, Beirut, 1956, pp. 416-440.
 «Ազգային երեսփոխանական ժողովի ատենագրութիւններ, 21 Յուլիս 1911, Պոլիս [Transcripts of the National Parliamentary Assembly, July 21, 1911, Istanbul]» in Yerevanian, History of Charsanjak Armenians, p. 424; «Յիշատակագիր Հ. Յ. Դաշնակցութեան եւ "Իթթիհատ վէ Թերագգը" կուսակցութիւններու փոխադարձ յարաբերութիւններու մասին [Memorandum on the ARF and Ittihat ve Terakki Parties' Mutual Relations]» (Prepared according to the decision of the 6th World Congress), Document 78a-2 in Pamboukian (Ed.) Materials on the History of the ARF, p. 152 ; Haygazn K. Ghazarian, Պատմագիրք Չմշկածագի [History Book of Çemişgezek], Hamazkayin Press, Beirut, 1971, pp. 232-245; Kaligian, Armenian Organization and Ideology, p. 64.
 "Memorandum on the ARF (…)" in Pamboukian (Ed.) Materials on the History of the ARF, p. 155; «Տեղեկագիր Լեռնասարի Կ. Կոմիտէին [Bulletin to the Lernasar Central Committee]» (Sent to the ARF 6th World Congress), Document 1534-11 in Pamboukian (Ed.) Materials on the History of the ARF, p. 331.
 This Kurdish tribal rebellion intensified in April 1908, before the Young Turk revolution. The main reasons were state taxes and military conscription. Those who rebelled attacked area Armenian, Turkish and Kurdish villages. The tense situation and attacks continued even after the proclamation of the Ottoman Constitution. This is why local villagers took self-defensive measures. (I thank Cihangir Gündoğdu for this information).
 Vahé Haig, Kharpert and its Golden Plain, p. 628.
 Jizmedjian, Kharpert and its Children, p. 393; Boghosian, Comprehensive History of Pazmashen, pp. 190-192; Yerevanian, History of Charsanjak Armenians, p. 394; Mkhitarian, Our Village Tadem, p. 71; "Bulletin to the Lernasar Central Committee", p. 329; Shahbazian, Tadem Village and Bloody Love Gardens, pp. 140-141; Vahé Haig, Kharpert and its Golden Plain, p. 628; Yerevanian, History of Charsanjak Armenians, p. 393; H. Adjemian (editor), Ուրոյն տեղագրութիւն Չմշկածագ գաւառի – Թումայ Մեզիրէ [Unique Report of Çemişgezek district – Touma Mezireh], No. 5 [unpublished], Boston, 1951, p. 7.
 "Prison Memoirs, 1915" in An Anthology of Prof. D.G. Lulejian Works, p. 446.
 It is not known whether this secret meeting was held in the town of Harput or Mamüretülaziz.
 "Prison Memoirs, 1915" in An Anthology of Prof. D.G. Lulejian Works, pp. 405; 428-434.
 Ibid, p. 450. Also see: Vahé Haig, Kharpert and its Golden Plain, pp. 1417-1418.
 Lulejian, Days of Terror in Kharpert (1914-1915), pp. 118-120.
 "Prison Memoirs, 1915" in An Anthology of Prof. D.G. Lulejian Works, pp. 486, 488.
 Ibid, p. 492, 504, 513.


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Vanilla is the aromatic substance that is extracted from the seeds of certain kinds of the plant vanilla. Thanks to its strong flavor, it is used both in home cooking and confectionery and in the food industry, adding flavor to chocolate, bakery products, puddings, sauces, ice creams and beverages. It contains small amounts of calcium, magnesium, potassium, manganese, iron and zinc. It also contains vitamin B6, niacin, thiamin and riboflavin, which can regulate metabolism. Vanilla is also known for its medicinal properties. It helps weight loss, reducing the desire for sweets, it relieves stomach disorders by helping digestion, it strengthens the nervous system and it improves memory.


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Oscar Nuñez
Rachael Grad
Melting Memories
Strong memories become faint memories. Then those faint memories become dreamlike until they are gone.
Oscar Nuñez is best known for playing Oscar Martinez on NBC's The Office. He has won an Emmy, two SAG Awards, an ALMA Award, a TV Land Award and an Impact Award from the National Hispanic Media Coalition for the role. Oscar has had roles in the films The Proposal, The 33, and Baywatch; guest starred on the TV shows New Girl, Brooklyn Nine-Nine, It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia, American Housewife, NCIS: L.A., iZombie, and Curb Your Enthusiasm; lent his voice to the animations of Bob's Burgers, Home, 3 Below, and Where's Waldo?; recurred on Showtime's Shameless, CBS' Life in Pieces, and Comedy Central's Reno 911; created and starred in his own Comedy Central series Halfway Home; and was a series regular on the USA legal comedy Benched and the TBS sci-fi comedy People of Earth. He currently stars in Mr. Iglesias on Netflix.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
D: All Things Digital
544 posts and columns on D: All Things Digital
All Writers Kara Swisher Walt Mossberg John Paczkowski Katherine Boehret Peter Kafka Ina Fried Liz Gannes Tricia Duryee Arik Hesseldahl Lauren Goode Mike Isaac Bonnie Cha Jason Del Rey
Yves Behar's "Smart" Lock Startup August Raises $8 Million
Kara Swisher in News on November 19, 2013 at 7:00 am PT
Open sez-VCs.
Is Ford's Alan Mulally Now in the Lead to Be New CEO of Microsoft?
Kara Swisher in News on September 26, 2013 at 2:45 pm PT
Can the car maker fix what ails the tech giant?
Stephen Elop Is Now the Microsoft CEO Candidate to Beat
Kara Swisher in Mobile on September 2, 2013 at 9:08 pm PT
Well, it only cost $7.17 billion, but Microsoft now has a pretty obvious candidate to lead the company as soon as CEO Steve Ballmer vacates the seat he said he would leave within the year.
Microsoft Quietly Shuts Down MSN TV, Once Known as WebTV
Kara Swisher in Media on July 6, 2013 at 7:31 pm PT
Goodbye to all that.
Ready for the Industrial Internet? GE Announces "Predictivity" Platform, New Partnership With Amazon Web Services
Kara Swisher in Enterprise on June 18, 2013 at 10:33 am PT
It's big data. Really big.
Here's the Annual D: All Things Digital Tab From the WSJ
Kara Swisher in D11 on June 3, 2013 at 6:28 am PT
As usual, The Wall Street Journal today published its annual pullout tab in the newspaper, which is also online, focused on some of the onstage interviews at last week's D: All Things Digital conference. Our 11th show featured a panoply of top Internet and media execs, as well as some pretty cool demos. The Journal special section includes edited excerpts from interviews with Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg, SpaceX and Tesla Motors head Elon Musk, Apple CEO Tim Cook and more. You can read it all here (and complete coverage by ATD is here too, including the full videos of the conference).
49ers' York and Sony's Hirai: Get Off the Couch and Into Our Connected Stadium
Mike Isaac in D11 on May 30, 2013 at 1:15 pm PT
The San Francisco 49ers chief and the Sony CEO talk about their upcoming connected sports stadium.
Google's Sundar Pichai Is Cool With Samsung's Android Dominance (Video)
Mike Isaac in D11 on May 30, 2013 at 9:48 am PT
The new chief of Android and Chrome isn't worried about Samsung's massive share in the handset market.
Elon Musk Shakes Off the Electric Car Naysayers (Video)
The Tesla CEO insists that yes, electric cars will hit the mass market at affordable prices.
Pinterest CEO Ben Silbermann: The Full D11 Interview (Video)
The social startup's CEO takes the D stage to share his company's grand vision.
GE's Jeffrey Immelt Would Love to 3-D Print Jet Engine Parts Someday
Arik Hesseldahl in D11, May 29, 2013 at 5:08 pm PT
CEO Ben Silbermann Wants Pinterest to Become Your Platform for Discovery
Mike Isaac in D11, May 29, 2013 at 3:55 pm PT
Twitter CEO Dick Costolo: The Full D11 Interview (Video)
Sheryl Sandberg on Facebook, One Year After the IPO (Video)
Mike Isaac in D11, May 29, 2013 at 9:45 am PT
Sheryl Sandberg on Why Facebook Home Isn't an Immediate Hit
Meeker: 500 Million Photos Shared Per Day and That's on Track to Double in 12 Months
Ina Fried in Mobile, May 29, 2013 at 8:12 am PT
Apple's Tim Cook: The Full D11 Interview (Video)
Ina Fried in D11, May 29, 2013 at 12:10 am PT
Apple's Tim Cook Has a "Grand Vision" for Television — And Still Won't Talk About It
Apple Has More Game-Changing Tech in the Works, Says CEO Tim Cook
Ina Fried in D11, May 28, 2013 at 6:00 pm PT
Interview: The Summer of Larry (Ellison) Is About to Sail Into Port Via America's Cup
Kara Swisher in Media, May 24, 2013 at 5:25 pm PT
Bill Gates on Steve Jobs on "60 Minutes"
Kara Swisher in Media, May 13, 2013 at 12:57 am PT
To Infinity and Beyond: Elon Musk of SpaceX and Tesla Motors Added as Second-Night Speaker at D11
Kara Swisher and Walt Mossberg in D11, May 2, 2013 at 3:39 pm PT
Apple's Tim Cook Returns to D Stage to Open 11th Annual Conference
Kara Swisher and Walt Mossberg in D11, April 30, 2013 at 2:36 pm PT
More D11 Speakers: Sinofsky, Staggs, Sweeney, Pichai, Ricci and a Pretty Little Liar
Kara Swisher in D11, April 2, 2013 at 2:13 pm PT
Let the D11 Speakers Begin: Sandberg, Silbermann, Costolo, Woodside, Immelt and More!
Kara Swisher in D11, March 20, 2013 at 6:08 am PT
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Max Levchin at D11: Glow Fertility App
Thomas Staggs at D11: Disney's MagicBand In Action
Sheryl Sandberg at D11: Full Session
Tim Cook at D11: Full Session
D11: Why Apple Only Makes One iPhone


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before you make a decision, so there are no nasty surprises.
Lindesfarne to the North, Holy Island to the East, Hadrian's Wall to the South and Kielder Forest to the West there's lots to see. Be sure to visit Alnwick Castle, renowned for its fabulous Water Garden, featuring the dramatic Grand Cascade, the beautiful scented Rose Garden and European inspired Ornamental Garden. Visit where 'Harry Potter' went to school and learned to fly his infamous Nimbus 2000.
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Q: Minkowski/canonical volume vs Lesbegue In Neukirch (Algebraic Number Theory) on page 31 he says the canonical (Minkowski) metric differs from the Lesbegue metric by:
$$ Vol_{canonical}(X) = 2^s Vol_{Lesbegue}(f(X)).$$
Here $X$ is a complete lattice in Minkowski space, $K_{\mathbb R}$ and $f(X)$ its image in $\mathbb R^{r + 2s}$ under the map $f(z_\tau) = x_\tau$ where $x_\tau = z_\tau$ for all real $\tau$ and $x_\tau = Re(z_\tau)$, $x_\overline{\tau} = Im(z_\tau)$ at complex $\tau$. The canonical/minkowski measure is induced by the inner product $<x, y > = \sum \alpha_\tau x_\tau y_\tau$ where $\alpha_\tau = 1$ at the $r$ real $\tau$ and $2$ at the $2s$ complex $\tau$. The Lesbegue metric is of course induced by the usual inner product $< x, y > = \sum x_i y_i$.
My question is how can I see this? I've tried working from the determinant definition of volume but can't see how to pull out the $2^s$. If it helps:
$$ Vol(X) = |det(A)| = |det(<v_i, v_j>)|^{1/2}$$
where $A$ is the matrix with basis vectors of the lattice as its columns and the $v_i$ are the basis vectors themselves.

A: I figured it out, the trick is to use the $|det(A)|$ definition of the volume (the definition in terms of the inner product doesn't make much sense since the inner product in $K_\mathbb{R}$ is different - Edit: actually see reuns answer below). Then you can see what happens to $A$ as you go from $X$ to $f(X)$: to get the resulting matrix you divide $s$ of the columns by $2$ (you also need to add some of the columns together and divide by $i$ but this doesn't effect $|det(A)|$.

A: One inner product is obtained from the other by multiplying the $x_i$ of the complex embeddings by $\sqrt{2}$, ie.  $$ <x,y>_{canonical} \ =\ < Dx,Dy>_{Lebesgue}$$ where $D$ is the diagonal matrix with r ones and 2s $\ \sqrt{2}$,
then $\det(D) = \sqrt{2}^{2s} =2^s$, thus it sends a lattice of covolume $v$ to a lattice of covolume $2^s v$.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Concepts Videos News Motorsports Lifestyle Technology Tires Aftermarket Editorial
2012 Volkswagen Golf R - VW's new performance icon
1:06 PM PST - 9/29/2011 Written By: Volkswagen of America, Inc
Photography by: Volkswagen of America
2012 Volkswagen Tornado Red Golf R Front Source Volkswagen of America
R employs most powerful Golf production engine sold in the U.S.
Six-speed manual transmission and all-wheel drive are standard
Predicted fuel economy of 19 mpg city, 27 mpg highway
Bi-Xenon headlights and LED DRLs standard on Base trim
On-sale early 2012 as a 2012 model, in both two- and four-door versions
The Golf R will go on sale in early 2012, and features a high-output version of Volkswagen's 2.0-liter, turbocharged four-cylinder FSI® engine, making 256 horsepower and 243 pound-feet of torque. There will be just one transmission option: a six-speed manual. Drive is taken to all four wheels through a fourth-generation Haldex® system.
In keeping with the R's mission as a performance flagship for the VW brand, the vehicle is equipped with a sport-tuned suspension, upgraded brakes, and unique 18-inch wheels. Even the Electronic Stability Control system has been re-tuned for a sportier driving experience. With a predicted weight of 3325 pounds for the two-door model, distributed 60 percent up front, it's estimated that the Golf R will sprint from 0 to 60 mph in less than six seconds. Top speed will be electronically limited to 130 mph. The fuel economy is predicted to be excellent for such a sporting car, with 19 mpg in the city and 27 mpg on the highway.
The Golf R will be available in both two- and four-door forms, the first time in the U.S. for a Golf R model. The car signals its sporting intent with a number of interior and exterior enhancements. The front bumper has a motorsport look, there's a high-gloss black radiator grille and dramatic LED DRLs are integrated into the Bi-Xenon headlights. Gloss-black-painted brake calipers nestle behind stylish new 18-inch aluminum-alloy wheels. At the rear of the car, there's a center-mounted chrome twin tailpipe and a racing-style diffuser, also highlighted in gloss black.
The interior gains a unique steering wheel, shifter knob, door sill plates and trim that differentiate it from the GTI. There are two trim levels: Base and High. Inside, the Base model features a multifunction steering wheel and leather-topped seats with the R logo, while the High trim adds a sunroof, the RNS 315 navigation system, the Dynaudio® sound system, and keyless entry with push-button start.
The new Golf Sportsvan
Volkswagen is presenting a concept car of the newly developed Golf Sportsvan in a world premiere at the International Motor Show (IAA) in Frankfurt. The compact minivan will complete the Golf family at the middle of next year....
Volkswagen Golf R – the new Flagship
This is the year of the Golf. The first six months of 2013 have already seen the debuts of the new Golf GTI, Golf GTD, Golf Variant, and Golf TDI BlueMotion. ...
2014 Volkswagen, more efficent and more R-line models added
New 1.8-liter turbocharged and direct-injection TSI® engine to feature in Jetta, Beetle, and Passat, replacing the 2.5-liter five cylinder. R-Line® range expands to five models....
McLaren Automotive
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text:
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Lista condensada de produtos

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          Total

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: How to get the action argument of a wp-login.php request? I am trying to integrate my custom user system with Wordpress, and I have recently asked a question on how to redirect requests to wp-login.php to my own login/registration page, but as I was working on the pluggable functions, I realized that requests to wp-login.php can either be for login, registration, or log out.
This is set in the action argument that's made in the request. What I am trying to figure out is how to get this action argument, so I can redirect the request to my custom pages. Is there any way of doing this?
Thank you in advance.

A: Well, I've just had a massive D'oh moment.
The request is something like: wp-login.php?action=logout
To get the action, I simply need to $_GET['action'] or $_REQUEST['action']. I can't believe it just didn't come to me (I guess because it was Wordpress, I kept thinking there was a special way to do it, and didn't even think of getting it as I normally would).


text:
@ World Rowing Indoor Championships
entries draw resultslive
matrix per event per race per country
W50 (2000m) 2000 meter
1. DEN Margit HAAHR HANSEN 01:50.8 (1) 03:42.6 (1) 05:34.5 (1) 07:21.0 (1)
DSR 01:50.8 01:51.8 01:51.9 01:46.5 32.4 spm
2. SWE Malin FARAASEN 01:51.6 (2) 03:44.5 (2) 05:38.7 (2) 07:31.7 (2) +10.7
Eskimå 01:51.6 01:52.9 01:54.2 01:53.0 32.0 spm
3. GBR Christina NUGENT 01:54.7 (4) 03:49.8 (4) 05:44.9 (4) 07:35.8 (3) +14.8
Wyfr 01:54.7 01:55.1 01:55.1 01:51.0 30.0 spm
4. USA Rhesa ASHBACHER 01:53.2 (3) 03:47.0 (3) 05:41.6 (3) 07:38.6 (4) +17.6
Prince William Rowing Club 01:53.2 01:53.8 01:54.6 01:57.0 31.0 spm
5. MEX Martha GARCIA MAYO 01:56.3 (5) 03:52.0 (5) 05:46.9 (5) 07:40.8 (5) +19.8
Remomexico 01:56.3 01:55.7 01:54.9 01:53.9 31.7 spm
6. GBR Tracey BARNES 01:57.2 (7) 03:52.0 (5) 05:49.1 (6) 07:45.4 (6) +24.4
Team Oarsome IRC 01:57.2 01:54.8 01:57.1 01:56.4 30.5 spm
7. UKR Tetiana USTIUZHANINA 01:57.0 (6) 03:56.6 (7) 05:58.1 (7) 07:59.4 (7) +38.4
Ukraine 01:57.0 01:59.6 02:01.5 02:01.3 29.3 spm
8. FRA Sophie BETTON 01:59.5 (8) 04:01.4 (8) 06:02.5 (8) 08:01.5 (8) +40.5
Cherbourg Av 01:59.5 02:01.9 02:01.1 01:59.1 30.5 spm
9. FRA Nathalie FRANÇOISE 02:02.8 (9) 04:06.8 (9) 06:11.1 (9) 08:13.0 (9) +52.0
Indiv 02:02.8 02:04.0 02:04.3 02:01.9 30.0 spm
10. ITA Giovanna GIORDANO 02:05.4 (11) 04:13.7 (10) 06:23.7 (10) 08:31.8 (10) +1:10.8
Prosport Trento Italy 02:05.4 02:08.3 02:10.0 02:08.1 29.3 spm
11. IRL Lorna MURPHY 02:14.8 (17) 04:31.7 (16) 06:46.0 (16) 08:49.6 (11) +1:28.6
Dalkey Rowing Club 02:14.8 02:16.9 02:14.3 02:03.7 29.7 spm
12. FRA Catherine MARTEL 02:07.9 (12) 04:21.4 (12) 06:37.0 (12) 08:49.7 (12) +1:28.7
QUIMPER CA 02:07.9 02:13.5 02:15.6 02:12.8 27.2 spm
13. ITA Chierici ANTONELLA 02:11.8 (13) 04:25.6 (13) 06:38.4 (13) 08:49.8 (13) +1:28.8
Eat the chain 02:11.8 02:13.8 02:12.8 02:11.4 26.2 spm
14. ITA Antonella CAMPANELLA 02:04.7 (10) 04:19.1 (11) 06:35.5 (11) 08:51.8 (14) +1:30.8
MiniBase Pachino 02:04.7 02:14.4 02:16.4 02:16.4 29.0 spm
15. FRA Sophie KLUGMAN 02:12.5 (15) 04:29.3 (15) 06:43.4 (14) 08:52.0 (15) +1:31.0
Champigny sur Marne RS 02:12.5 02:16.8 02:14.1 02:08.6 28.2 spm
16. ITA Mara MAZZARA 02:12.2 (14) 04:27.6 (14) 06:44.5 (15) 08:58.1 (16) +1:37.1
Rowing Club BG Italy 02:12.2 02:15.4 02:16.9 02:13.6 28.5 spm
17. GBR Sarah TOWNSEND 02:14.5 (16) 04:32.9 (17) 06:50.4 (17) 09:07.0 (17) +1:46.0
Manosque AC 02:14.5 02:18.4 02:17.5 02:16.6 29.5 spm
18. FRA Christine ROUCOULES 02:17.9 (18) 04:43.1 (18) 07:07.0 (18) 09:21.7 (18) +2:00.7
Enghien SN 02:17.9 02:25.2 02:23.9 02:14.8 25.5 spm
19. FRA Cathy MACHIN 02:20.7 (19) 04:53.3 (20) 07:20.7 (19) 09:45.6 (19) +2:24.6
Paris US Metro 1 02:20.7 02:32.6 02:27.4 02:24.9 25.0 spm
20. FRA Camille COCHAT 02:20.7 (19) 04:51.6 (19) 07:24.4 (20) 09:50.8 (20) +2:29.8
GBR Joanne CULLEY did not start
Mount's Bay Pilot Gig Club
IRL Rosemary SATCHWELL did not start
Jersey Rowing Club


The Significato Journal | Government Shutdown? Everybody's cranky!
Maureen Spagnolo took this photo the day the National Zoo re-opened, after a 2-week Government shutdown. She says this is the lion's story, from Mr. Lion's viewpoint: "There I was, strutting my stuff before my fans (who had been oddly absent of late), when the ladies converged upon me in the most malicious way. What's a guy to do? I had to growl back. Wouldn't you? I think they were jealous of all the attention I was getting."


Bookmark this for your future children.
1. First of all, before iPhones, all we had were THESE nightmares.
2. That's right, we had to share a phone that looked like this with our siblings!
3. The only activity we could do while pooping was read the back of the shampoo bottle.
Candy Crush was but a gleam in someone's eye.
4. Some of our phones had this flimsy micropenis antenna you had to manually extend before you made a call.
5. And there wasn't any of this unlimited calling crap. We had to wait to use our "nights and weekends" minutes.
If you forgot and called your mom at 8:58 p.m., you were basically screwed.
6. You also couldn't just ring up your bae on the other coast. We had LONG DISTANCE minutes.
Before cell phones, area codes were only something that mattered when you were calling distant relatives.
7. And if you wanted to call your crush, you had to dial their home phone number and possibly speak to their parents.
8. And the phrase "hanging up the phone" actually made sense.
You couldn't just push a button to disconnect someone annoying. But you got to be really dramatic about slamming the phone down, which was fun.
9. But it wasn't all bad. For instance, you could go right up to the gate to meet your family members who were arriving at the airport.
Yes, you could go ~through security~ even if you didn't have a ticket.
10. It made dramatic romantic moments possible!
11. Plus, you could pack big bottles of shampoo in your carry-on. Really!
12. Of course, you had to buy airplane tickets over the phone.
Or...go to this thing called a travel agency. I know!
13. Online life was different too. You had to make sure no one was using the phone before you "connected to the World Wide Web."
And listen to a horrible screeching sound that resembled a dying hyena on helium.
Thanks to your lightning-fast 56k connection.
15. You got an email account, but you checked it once every couple of days.
Because going online was an event, not a permanent state of being like it is today.
16. If you wanted to go see a movie, you had to look up times in the NEWSPAPER.
The "newspaper" was several leaves of paper that included articles about news, sports, entertainment, and business, along with comics, classified ads, and op-ed columns. It was delivered to the doorsteps of paying customers every morning.
17. And instead of Google, we looked up stuff up in real books and encyclopedias.
18. We weren't like the weak youth of today, needing to GPS ourselves constantly. No, we printed out directions on motherf**ing Mapquest.
OK, fine, Mapquest was terrible. GPS forever.
19. When you took a picture, you had no way of knowing if it turned out well or not.
20. And because we had to buy stuff called "film," each roll gave you only 24 frames. The worst thing in the world was wasting frames.
21. And you always wanted to keep extra film on you in case you RAN OUT (a nightmare).
22. Every Friday night was spent endlessly browsing in here.
23. And then on Monday, your mom would make you get out of the car to drop it in this.
24. There was no ordering stuff online. You had to fill out one of these by hand and mail it in.
And we're not talking about Amazon Prime order speeds. The whole process took at least a month.
25. And going off the grid was easy — all you had to do was leave the house.


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text:
Home Agency News 11 killed, several injured in road accidents in Pakistan
11 killed, several injured in road accidents in Pakistan
At least 11 people were killed and several others injured on Sunday in two separate road accidents in Pakistan, local media reported.
Islamabad: At least 11 people were killed and several others injured on Sunday in two separate road accidents in Pakistan, local media reported.
Five people were killed and two others injured in a collision between a car and a tractor in Larkana district of Pakistan's southern Sindh province, Xinhua news agency reported, citing the local media reports.
The accident took place on the underpass highway near Khairpur Juso area due to fog resulting in the casualties. All the deceased were from the same family and the victims were the residents of Larkana, the reports said.
Separately, six people were killed and six others injured after a van plunged into a ravine in Sharda area of Neelum Valley district in Pakistan-controlled Kashmir, police told media.
All the victims were shifted to a local hospital, police said, adding that some of the injured were in critical condition.
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You need your internal business processes to be organised efficiently. CRM solutions put all your customer information in one place, allow you to develop new insights from your business data, and help you respond better to your customers' needs.
All your employees gain access to accurate data, which means you can provide your customers with better service. This allows you to improve customer contact and satisfaction, which is essential for creating lasting relationships.
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is a business strategy that puts customer relationships first. You always want to address your customers personally and with relevant information. That's why your entire customer contact history needs to be directly accessible to all employees. In this way, information from company visits, telephone conversations, emails and presentations is made available to everybody.
CRM solutions help your marketing and sales team to gain a better understanding of the entire pipeline. This makes it much easier to follow up on leads and close deals. In addition, you can use a CRM package to ensure that processes within your organisation are completed more quickly. This leads to an increase in customer satisfaction and loyalty, thereby boosting your profits.
Bringing in new and loyal customers with effective campaigns via the right channels, while you're also aware of the exact cost of every new customer. Back this up with data and stay within the available budget.


text:
Type.registerNamespace("_u");
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{
};
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.registerClass("_u.ExtensibilityStrings");
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_DeleteAttachmentDoesNotExist_Text = "Lampiran tidak dapat dihapus karena lampiran dengan indeks lampiran tidak dapat ditemukan.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_EwsRequestOversized_Text = "Permintaan tersebut melebihi batas ukuran 1 MB. Harap ubah permintaan EWS Anda.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_ElevatedPermissionNeededForMethod_Text = "Izin yang ditinggikan diperlukan untuk memanggil metode: '{0}'.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_AttachmentErrorName_Text = "Kesalahan Lampiran";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_InvalidEventDates_Text = "Tanggal selesai diatur terjadi sebelum tanggal mulai.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_DisplayNameTooLong_Text = "Satu atau beberapa nama tampilan yang disediakan terlalu panjang.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_NumberOfRecipientsExceeded_Text = "Jumlah total penerima di bidang tidak dapat melampaui {0}.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_HtmlSanitizationFailure_Text = "Sanitasi HTML telah gagal.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_DataWriteErrorName_Text = "Kesalahan Menulis Data";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_ElevatedPermissionNeeded_Text = "Izin yang ditinggikan diperlukan untuk mengakss anggota terproteksi dari JavaScript API untuk Office.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_ExceededMaxNumberOfAttachments_Text = "Lampiran tidak dapat ditambahkan karena pesan sudah mencapai jumlah maksimum lampiran";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_InternalProtocolError_Text = "Kesalahan protokol internal: '{0}'.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_AttachmentDeletedBeforeUploadCompletes_Text = "Pengguna menghapus lampiran sebelum unggahan selesai.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_OffsetNotfound_Text = "Offset untuk time stamp ini tidak ditemukan.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_AttachmentExceededSize_Text = "Lampiran tidak dapat ditambahkan karena terlalu besar.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_InvalidEndTime_Text = "Waktu akhir tidak boleh sebelum waktu mulai.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_ParametersNotAsExpected_Text = "Parameter yang diberikan tidak sesuai format yang diharapkan.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_AttachmentUploadGeneralFailure_Text = "Lampiran tidak dapat ditambahkan ke item.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_NoValidRecipientsProvided_Text = "Tidak tersedia penerima valid.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_InvalidAttachmentId_Text = "ID lampiran tidak valid.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_CannotAddAttachmentBeforeUpgrade_Text = "Lampiran tidak dapat ditambahkan saat balas atau teruskan lengkap sedang diambil dari server.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_EmailAddressTooLong_Text = "Satu atau beberapa alamat email yang disediakan terlalu panjang.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_InvalidAttachmentPath_Text = "Jalur lampiran tidak valid.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_AttachmentDeleteGeneralFailure_Text = "Lampiran tidak dapat dihapus dari item.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_InternalFormatError_Text = "Terjadi kesalahan format internal.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_InvalidDate_Text = "Input tidak diselesaikan menjadi tanggal yang valid.";
_u.ExtensibilityStrings.l_CursorPositionChanged_Text = "Pengguna mengubah posisi kursor sementara data sedang disisipkan."


text:
Q: Bibliography entries do not appear I'm new to LaTex and already figuring out some problems with my bibliography. Some references are not shown in the bibliography, although they are cited. BUT, furthermore, if I do not cite anything, there is still one entry kept in the bibliography (the first one in my bib file).
Here's an overview of what I did so far:

*

*I'm using BibDesk (Mac) to "organize" my bibliography, although it seems pretty complicated for me (downloading JabRef didn't have any success due to Java 6, which is required and due to the bug that it could not find a "Java environment" for installation -- whatever this means).

*So, I pull my pdf-file (= paper) to BibDesk, enter all data (author, year, journal, etc.) and it pops up in my bibliography in Bibdesk. Then I do the "right mouse click" and press "Copy Bibtex code". Then I open a new texmaker file, paste it in there and save it as my bibliography.bib file.

*I did this for two papers so far (both in the same bib file), but I closed the Bibdesk after the first one and opened it a couple of hours later after a writing-break (maybe this is important!?)

*I kept on writing and cited with \citep{citekey}

*This works ONLY for the first paper, but not for the second one, although both are in the same bib-file.

*I tested, whether LaTex actually finds the second paper, by putting \nocite{*} one line above the \printbibliography. And here, the second paper is shown in the bibliography at the end of the document.

*I kept the \nocite and tried to cite the second one with \citep and \cite and \autocite. Neither of it worked out. There's not even a question mark, but simply nothing. It's like the \cite thing is not read by Latex for the second paper.

*I cited NOTHING and deleted the \nocite and still the bibliography at the end of the document shows my first paper, although not cited!!!???
I am working on this problem already 4h and read through almost the whole internet (including this site as well). However, I couldn't find a solution for my problem.
Here's my code (I have one main file; chapters are in separate files; and one file where all the format stuff etc. is written); only relevant stuff is shown, no content:
$a) Main-file:
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%   PACKAGES AND OTHER DOCUMENT CONFIGURATIONS
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\documentclass[
11pt, english,oneside
]{Thesis} % ... in this Thesis-file the basic stuff such as format, some packages etc. is stored)

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{palatino}

\usepackage[backend=bibtex,style=authoryear,natbib=true]{biblatex}

\usepackage{datetime}
\newdateformat{monthyeardate}{%
  \monthname[\THEMONTH], \THEYEAR}

\addbibresource{bibliography1} % this is my bib file

\usepackage[autostyle=true]{csquotes}

\makeatletter

\newrobustcmd*{\parentexttrack}[1]{%
  \begingroup
  \blx@blxinit
  \blx@setsfcodes
  \blx@bibopenparen#1\blx@bibcloseparen
  \endgroup}

\AtEveryCite{%
  \let\parentext=\parentexttrack%
  \let\bibopenparen=\bibopenbracket%
  \let\bibcloseparen=\bibclosebracket}

\makeatother

%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%   THESIS INFORMATION
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\thesistitle{Blabla}

\begin{document}

\frontmatter

\pagestyle{plain}

%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%   THESIS CONTENT - CHAPTERS
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\mainmatter

\pagestyle{thesis}

\input{Chapters/1}
\input{Chapters/2}
\input{Chapters/3}
\input{Chapters/4}
\input{Chapters/5}

%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%   THESIS CONTENT - APPENDICES
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\appendix

\input{Appendices/AppendixA}
\input{Appendices/AppendixB}

%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%   BIBLIOGRAPHY
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\printbibliography[heading=bibintoc]

%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\end{document}

b) Bibliography (bib-file):
@article{citekey1,
    Author = {Author names and names and names},
    Date-Added = {2015-11-07 17:11:58 +0000},
    Date-Modified = {2015-11-07 17:13:25 +0000},
    Journal = {Something here},
    Pages = {50-52},
    Title = {TestTest},
    Volume = {Volume 2},
    Year = {2000},
}

@article{citekey2,
    Author = {Author names and names},
    Date-Added = {2015-11-07 17:13:41 +0000},
    Date-Modified = {2015-11-07 17:14:45 +0000},
    Journal = {Something here},
    Pages = {100-103},
    Title = {Blabla},
    Volume = {Volume 3},
    Year = {2005},
}

c) Chapter 2 file (only the citations):
\ref{fig:picture1}. \begin{figure}[htbp]
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=.5]{picture1}
\caption{Describing the figure here and cited after \citep{citekey1}}
\label{fig:picture1}
\end{figure}

and the second part of the chapter 2 file:
\citep{citekey2}.

Only the first citation is shown in bibliography and cited in the text. The second one is neither shown in the bibliography nor is it cited by Latex.
However, with the \nocite{*} command the second citation is then shown in bibliography.
The first citation is always shown, even if it is not cited.
I also did the correct order (pdflatex, bibtex, 2x pdflatex)
I am using Texmaker on a Mac.
Please, help me with this problem.


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text:
Q: Combiner never gets called in reduction operation (but is mandatory) I am trying to figure out what accumulator and combiner do in reduce stream operation.
    List<User> users = Arrays.asList(new User("John", 30), new User("Julie", 35));

    int result = users.stream()
            .reduce(0,
                    (partialAgeResult, user) -> {
                        // accumulator is called twice
                        System.out.println(MessageFormat.format("partialAgeResult {0}, user {1}", partialAgeResult, user));
                        return partialAgeResult + user.getAge();
                    },
                    (integer, integer2) -> {
                        // combiner is never called
                        System.out.println(MessageFormat.format("integer {0}, integer2 {1}", integer, integer2));
                        return integer * integer2;
                    });

    System.out.println(MessageFormat.format("Result is {0}", result));

I notice that the combiner is never executed, and the result is 65.
If I use users.parallelStream() then the combiner is executed once and the result is 1050.
Why stream and parallelStream yield different results? I don't see any side-effects of executing this in parallel.
What is the purpose of the combiner in the simple stream version?

A: The problem is here.  You are multiplying and not adding in your combiner.
 (integer, integer2) -> {
                        // combiner is never called
                        System.out.println(MessageFormat.format("integer {0}, integer2 {1}", integer, integer2));
                        return integer * integer2; //<----- Should be addition
                    });

The combiner is used to appropriately combine various parts of a parallel operation as these operations can perform independently on individual "pieces" of the original stream.
A simple example would be summing a list of elements.  You could have a variety of partial sums in a parallel  operation, so you need to sum the partial sums in the combiner to get the total sum (a good exercise for you to try and see for yourself).

A: For a sequential stream with a mismatch between the types of the accumulator arguments or implementation( BiFunction<U,? super T,U>), you have to give combiner but that never invoked since you there is no need to combine partial result those are parallelly calculated.
So you can simplify this by just convert into partial data before reduce to avoid giving combiner.
users.stream().map(e -> e.getAge()).reduce(0, (a, b) -> a + b);

So, there is no purpose using a combiner with an accumulator like BiFunction<U,? super T,U> for sequential stream actually, but you have to provide since there is no method like
reduce(U identity, BiFunction<U,? super T,U> accumulator)

But for parallel stream combiner called.
And you are getting 1050  because your multiplying in combiner that means (30*35).


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