text:
Lebanese Republic
Al Jumhuriyah al Lubnaniyah
Joined United Nations: 24 October 1945
Human Rights as assured by their constitution
Updated 07 April 2013
CHIEF OF STATE
4,140,289 (July 2012 est.)
Samir Moqbil
Deputy Prime Minister since 7 July 2011
President elected by the National Assembly for a six-year term (may
not serve consecutive terms); election last held 25 May 2008
Next scheduled election: 2014
Prime Minister and Deputy Prime Minister appointed by the
president in consultation with the National Assembly; by
agreement, the president is a Maronite Christian, the prime
minister is a Sunni Muslim, and the speaker of the National
Assembly is a Shi'a Muslim
Arab 95%, Armenian 4%, other 1%
note: many Christian Lebanese do not identify themselves as Arab but rather as descendants of the ancient Canaanites and prefer
to be called Phoenicians
Muslim 59.7% (Shi'a, Sunni, Druze, Isma'ilite, Alawite or Nusayri), Christian 39% (Maronite Catholic, Greek Orthodox, Melkite
Catholic, Armenian Orthodox, Syrian Catholic, Armenian Catholic, Syrian Orthodox, Roman Catholic, Chaldean, Assyrian, Copt,
Protestant), other 1.3%
note: 17 religious sects recognized
Republic with 8 governorates (mohafazat, singular - mohafazah); Legal system is a mixture of Ottoman law, canon law, Napoleonic
code, and civil law; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Executive: President elected by the National Assembly for a six-year term (may not serve consecutive terms); election last held 25
May 2008 (next to be held in 2014); the prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president in consultation with
the National Assembly
Legislative: Unicameral National Assembly or Majlis Alnuwab (Arabic) or Assemblee Nationale (French) (128 seats; members
elected by popular vote on the basis of sectarian proportional representation to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held in four rounds on 7 June 2009 (next to be held on June 2013)
Judicial: four Courts of Cassation (three courts for civil and commercial cases and one court for criminal cases); Constitutional
Council (called for in Ta'if Accord - rules on constitutionality of laws); Supreme Council (hears charges against the president and
prime minister as needed)
Arabic (official), French, English, Armenian
The earliest known settlements in Lebanon date back to earlier than 5000 BC. Archaeologists have discovered in Byblos, which is
believed to be the oldest continuously inhabited city in the world, remnants of prehistoric huts with crushed limestone floors,
primitive weapons, and burial jars which are evidence of the Neolithic and Chalcolithic fishing communities who lived on the shore
of the Mediterranean Sea over 7,000 years ago. The coastal plain of Lebanon is the historic home of a string of coastal trading cities
of Semitic culture, which the Greeks termed Phoenicia, whose maritime culture flourished there for more than 2,000 years (c. 2700–
450 BCE). It was added to the empire of Alexander the Great, who notably conquered Tyre (332 BCE) by extending a still-extant
causeway from the mainland in a seven-month effort. The area was conquered by the Roman Empire in the first century and
remained Roman until the advent of the Caliphate. Christianity was introduced to Phoenicia from neighboring Galilee soon after the
time of Jesus of Nazareth; the Arab advances brought Islam soon after the death of Muhammad. Muslim influence increased greatly
in the seventh century when the Umayyad capital was established at nearby Damascus. During the Middle Ages, Lebanon was
heavily involved in the Crusades. Lebanon was in the main path of the First Crusade's advance on Jerusalem. Later, Frankish nobles
occupied present-day Lebanon as part of the southeastern Crusader States. The southern half of present-day Lebanon formed the
northern march of the Kingdom of Jerusalem; the northern half was the heartland of the County of Tripoli. Although Saladin
eliminated Christian control of the Holy Land around 1190, the Crusader states in Lebanon and Syria were better defended.
Muslim control of Lebanon was reestablished in the late 13th century under the Mamluk sultans of Egypt. The Maan family, under
orders from the governor of Damascus, came to Lebanon in 1120 won against the invading Crusaders. They settled on the
southwestern slopes of the Lebanon Mountains and soon adopted the Druze religion. Their authority began to rise with Fakhr ad
Din I, who was permitted by Ottoman authorities to organize his own army, and reached its peak with Fakhr ad Din II (1570-
1635). The Ottoman Turks formed an empire starting from the 14th century which came to encompass the Balkans, Middle east
and North Africa. The Ottoman sultan, Selim I (1516-20), after defeating the Persians, conquered the Mamluks. His troops,
invading Syria, destroyed Mamluk resistance in 1516 at Marj Dabaq, north of Aleppo. The Shihabs succeeded the Maans in 1697.
They originally lived in the Hawran region of southwestern Syria and settled in Wadi at Taim in southern Lebanon. The most
prominent among them was Bashir II, who was much like his predecessor, Fakhr ad Din II. His ability as a statesman was first
tested in 1799, when Napoleon besieged Acre, a well-fortified coastal city in Palestine, about forty kilometers south of Tyre. Both
Napoleon and Al Jazzar, the governor of Acre, requested assistance from the Shihab leader; Bashir, however, remained neutral,
declining to assist either combatant. Unable to conquer Acre, Napoleon returned to Egypt, and the death of Al Jazzar in 1804
removed Bashir's principal opponent in the area. In 1788 Bashir Shihab II (sometimes spelled Bachir in French sources) would rise
to become the Emir. Born into poverty, he was elected emir upon the abdication of his predecessor, and would rule under Ottoman
suzerainty, being appointed wali or governor of Mt Lebanon, the Biqa valley and Jabal Amil. Together this is about two thirds of
modern day Lebanon. Bashir II, who had come to power through local politics and nearly fallen from power because of his
increasing detachment from them, reached out for allies, allies who looked on the entire area as "the Orient" and who could provide
trade, weapons and money, without requiring fealty and without, it seemed, being drawn into endless internal squabbles. He
disarmed the Druze and allied with France, governing in the name of the Egyptian Pasha Muhammad Ali, who entered Lebanon and
formally took overlordship in 1832. In 1860, this would boil back into full scale sectarian war, when the Maronites began openly
opposing the power of the Ottoman Empire.In July of 1860, with European intervention threatening, the Turkish government tried to
quiet the strife, but Napoleon III of France sent 7,000 troops to Beirut and helped impose a partition: The remainder of the 19th
century saw a relative period of stability, as Islamic, Druze and Maronite groups focused on economic and cultural development
which saw the founding of the American University of Beirut and a flowering of literary and political activity associated with the
attempts to liberalize the Ottoman Empire. Following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire after World War I, the League of Nations
mandated the five provinces that make up present-day Lebanon to the direct control of France. Initially the division of the Arab
speaking areas of the Ottoman empire were to be divided by the Sykes-Picot Agreement, however, the final disposition was at the
San Remo conference of 1920, whose determinations on the mandates, their boundaries, purposes and organization was ratified by
the League in 1921 and put into effect in 1922. Lebanon gained independence in 1943, while France was occupied by Germany.
General Henri Dentz, the Vichy High Commissioner for Syria and Lebanon, played a major role in the independence of both
nations. The Vichy authorities in 1941 allowed Germany to move aircraft and supplies through Syria to Iraq where they were used
against British forces. Britain, fearing that Nazi Germany would gain full control of Lebanon and Syria by pressure on the weak
Vichy government, sent its army into Syria and Lebanon. Meanwhile, in the aftermath of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, Lebanon
became home to more than 110,000 Palestinian refugees after being expelled from the newly formed Israel and Jordan, where King
Hussein saw them as a threat to the stability of his kingdom. More Palestinians found their way to Lebanon than to any other Arab
country. During the 1960s, Lebanon enjoyed a period of relative calm, with Beirut-focused tourism and banking sector-driven
prosperity. For its part, the PLO used its new privileges to establish an effective "mini-state" in southern Lebanon, and to ramp up
its attacks on settlements in northern Israel. The Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990) had its origin in the conflicts and political
compromises of Lebanon's colonial period and was exacerbated by the nation's changing demographic trends. Intense attacks
against U.S. and Western interests, including two truck bombings of the US Embassy in 1983 and 1984 and the landmark attacks
on the U.S. Marine and French parachute regiment barracks on October 23, 1983, led to an American withdrawal, while the virtual
collapse of the Lebanese Army in February 1984 was a major blow to the government. The last of the Westerners kidnapped by
Hezbollah during the mid-1980s were released in May 1992. Since the end of the war, the Lebanese have conducted several
elections, most of the militias have been weakened or disbanded, and the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) have extended central
government authority over about two-thirds of the country. Only Hezbollah retained its weapons, and was supported by Lebanon's
parliament in doing so, because it was defending Lebanon against the ongoing Israeli occupation of almost one-quarter of the
country. That occupation finally ended in 2000. On February 14, 2005, former Prime Minister Hariri was assassinated in a car-
bomb attack which killed 16 and wounded 100. This was a second car-bomb assassination of a Lebanese Parliament member that
opposed Syria in a four month period. On April 26, 2005, the last 250 Syrian troops left Lebanon. The 2006 Lebanon War,
known in Lebanon as the July War, started on 12 July 2006, and continued until a United Nations-brokered ceasefire went into
effect on 14 August 2006. In May 2007, militants in the Nahr al Bared Palestinian refugee camp outside of Tripoli, allied with Al
Qaeda began a struggle against government forces located outside of the camp. Lebanese politicians in November 2007 were
unable to agree on a successor to Emile LAHUD when he stepped down as president, creating a political vacuum until the election
of Army Commander Michel SULAYMAN in May 2008 and the formation of a new cabinet in July 2008. February 14, 2009
marked the fourth anniversary of Prime Minister Rafik Hariri's assassination. Estimated to be more than 1 million supporters, pro-
government and pro-Hariri citizens of different sects and factions gathered together in Beirut for the occasion. At 12:55 pm, the
crowd went silent to mark the exact moment of the explosion that killed Hariri. Despite initial enthusiasm, the turn-out on the fifth
anniversary of Hariri's assassination (February 14, 2010) was hindered due to heavy rain. The sixth anniversary of Hariri's
assassination, on February the 14th 2011, was met with renewed enthusiasm by supporters of the March 14 coalition. This was
especially fueled by the protesters' anger over the resignation of all ten ministers aligned with the opposing March 8 coalition due to
then-Prime Minister Saad Hariri, Rafik Hariri's son, refusal of Hezbollah's demand he reject the Special Tribunal For Lebanon. A
rally was also organized to call for Hezbollah's disarmament on the day of March 13 in Beirut's Martyrs' Square. No significant
disruptions took place. Lebanon has been threatened by the revolt in neighboring Syria. In February 2012 clashes erupted between
supporters and opponents of Syrian President Bashar Assad in northern Lebanon. Officials said the supporters consisted of Iranian-
sponsored Hizbullah operatives as well as Syrian Alawite laborers who have long lived in Lebanon. Sectarian clashes as a result of
the Syrian conflict led to the eventual collapse of the Labanese government. Following the resignation of Prime Minister Najib
MIQATI and his Cabinet on 22 March 2013, the government reverted to caretaker status until a new prime minister is named and a
new cabinet is formed. On 6 April 2013 former culture minister Tammam Salam was elected Prime Minister and tasked to form a
new government.
Source: Wikipedia: History of Lebanon
Lebanon has a free-market economy and a strong laissez-faire commercial tradition. The government does not restrict foreign
investment; however, the investment climate suffers from red tape, corruption, arbitrary licensing decisions, complex customs
procedures, high taxes, tariffs, and fees, archaic legislation, and weak intellectual property rights. The Lebanese economy is
service-oriented; main growth sectors include banking and tourism. The 1975-90 civil war seriously damaged Lebanon's economic
infrastructure, cut national output by half, and derailed Lebanon's position as a Middle Eastern entrepot and banking hub. Following
the civil war Lebanon rebuilt much of its war-torn physical and financial infrastructure by borrowing heavily - mostly from domestic
banks - saddling the government with a huge debt burden. Pledges of economic and financial reforms made at separate international
donor conferences during the 2000s have mostly gone unfulfilled, including those made during the Paris III Donor Conference in
2007 following the July 2006 war. The collapse of the government in early 2011 over its backing of the Special Tribunal for
Lebanon and unrest in neighboring Syria slowed economic growth to 1.5% after four years of 8% average growth. In September
2011 the Cabinet endorsed a bill that would provide $1.2 billion in funding to improve Lebanon's downtrodden electricity sector,
but fiscal limitations will test the government's ability to invest in other areas, such as water.
Source: CIA World Factbook (select Lebanon)
Lebanese political institutions often play a secondary role to highly confessionalized personality-based politics. Powerful families also
still play an independent role in mobilizing votes for both local and parliamentary elections. Nonetheless, a lively panoply of domestic
political parties, some even predating independence, exists. The largest are all confessional based. The Free Patriotic Movement,
although secular, represents the most the Christians. The Kataeb Party, also known as the Phalange Party, the National Bloc,
National Liberal Party, Lebanese Forces and the Guardians of the Cedars (now outlawed) have their own base among Christians.
Amal and Hezbollah are the main rivals for the organized Shi'a vote, and the PSP (Progressive Socialist Party) is the leading Druze
party. While Shi'a and Druze parties command fierce loyalty to their leaderships, there is more factional infighting among many of the
Christian parties. Sunni parties have not been the standard vehicle for launching political candidates, and tend to focus across
Lebanon's borders on issues that are important to the community at large. Lebanon's Sunni parties include the Future Movement,
Independent Nasserist Organization (INO), the Tawhid (Lebanon), and Ahbash. In addition to domestic parties, there are branches
of pan-Arab secular parties (Ba'ath parties, socialist and communist parties) that were active in the 1960s and throughout the period
of civil war. The last parliamentary election was in 2009. The Parliament, in turn, elects a President every 6 years to a single term.
The President is not eligible for re-election. The last presidential election was in 2008. The president and parliament choose the
There are differences both between and among Muslim and Christian parties regarding the role of religion in state affairs. There is a
very high degree of political activism among religious leaders across the sectarian spectrum. The interplay for position and power
among the religious, political, and party leaders and groups produces a political tapestry of extraordinary complexity.
In the past, the system worked to produce a viable democracy. Events over the last decade and long-term demographic trends,
however, have upset the delicate Muslim-Christian-Druze balance and resulted in greater segregation across the social spectrum.
Over the course of the 2011-2012 Syrian uprising, fissures started to grow in Lebanon as March 14 parties supported the
opposition in Syria and March 8 parties were ostensibly supportive of the Syrian government, particularly in the early stages, and
faced accusation from the opposition and its affiliated media of kowtowing to the Syrian government. As the conflict started to spill
over into Lebanon, both via refugees and Lebanon's own diverse demographics that are broadly reflective of Syria's own diversity,
tensions started to grow. A spate of sectarian kidnappings and threats followed, some of which turned fatal. Following the
resignation of Prime Minister Najib MIQATI and his Cabinet on 22 March 2013, the government reverted to caretaker status until
a new prime minister is named and a new cabinet is formed. On 6 April 2013 former culture minister Tammam Salam was elected
Prime Minister and tasked to form a new government.
Source: Wikipedia: Politics of Lebanon
Lacking a treaty or other documentation describing the boundary, portions of the Lebanon-Syria boundary are unclear with several
sections in dispute; since 2000, Lebanon has claimed Shab'a Farms area in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights; the roughly
2,000-strong UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) has been in place since 1978
United Nations Human
Rights Council
REFUGEES AND
(IDPS)
Refugees (country of origin): 436,154 (Palestinian refugees (UNRWA)); 210,398 (Syria); 9,056 (Iraq) (2012)
IDPs: at least 47,000 (1975-90 civil war, Israeli military activity, 2007 destruction of Palestinian refugee camp) (2011)
Cannabis cultivation dramatically reduced to 2,500 hectares in 2002 despite continued significant cannabis consumption; opium
poppy cultivation minimal; small amounts of Latin American cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin transit country on way to
European markets and for Middle Eastern consumption; money laundering of drug proceeds fuels concern that extremists are
benefiting from drug trafficking.
Foundation for Human and
Humanitarian Rights-Lebanon
U. S. STATE
HUMAN RIGHTS STATEMENTS, ANALYSIS AND CRITIQUES
2011 Human Rights Report: Lebanon
2011 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices
Lebanon is a parliamentary republic, with a constitutionally mandated Maronite Christian president, Sunni Muslim prime minister, and
Shia Muslim speaker of the chamber of deputies. Parliamentary elections in 2009 were considered free and fair. Government security
forces reported to civilian authorities, although the terrorist group Hizballah and Palestinian security and militia forces were outside the
direction of government officials.
The main human rights abuses reported during this year included limitations on freedom of movement for some refugees, and poor
prison and detention conditions sometimes involving torture. Detainees faced substandard prison conditions, lengthy pretrial detention,
and long delays in the court system.
Other human rights abuses included killings related to societal violence; reports of disappearances and harassment of Syrian political
activists; arbitrary arrest and detention of individuals; violation of citizens' privacy rights; restrictions on freedoms of speech and press,
including intimidation of journalists; official corruption and lack of transparency; societal, legal, and economic discrimination against
women; widespread domestic violence; trafficking in persons; systematic discrimination against Palestinian refugees and minority
groups; restricted labor rights for and abuse of migrant domestic workers; and child labor.
Although the legal structure provided for prosecution and punishment, government officials enjoyed a measure of de facto impunity for
human rights violations.
Despite the presence of Lebanese and UN security forces, Hizballah retained significant influence over parts of the country, and the
government made no tangible progress toward disbanding and disarming armed militia groups, including Hizballah. Palestinian refugee
camps continued to act as self-governed entities and maintained security and militia forces not under the direction of government
officials.
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Lebanon: UN expert on slavery urges authorities to investigate the suicide of a migrant domestic worker
GENEVA (3 April 2012)
The United Nations Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, Gulnara Shahinian, urged the Government of Lebanon to
carry out a full investigation into the death of Alem Dechasa, a 33-year-old Ethiopian migrant domestic worker who committed suicide
on Wednesday 14 March 2012, a few days after she was seen been beaten by men and dragged into a car in the Lebanese capital.
These acts of abuse caught on video* and posted on a social media websites, show the victim shouting and struggling to resist a man
dragging and forcing her into a car as bystanders stood by.
"Like many people around the world I watched the video of the physical abuse of Alem Dechasa on a Beirut street," said the UN expert
monitoring contemporary forms of slavery, including its causes and consequences. "I strongly urge the Lebanese authorities to carry out
a full investigation into the circumstances leading to her death. I also express my deepest condolences to Ms. Dechasa's family and
"The cruel image on the website reminded me of the many migrant women workers I met in Lebanon during my official visit to the
country last year," she said. "Women who had been victims of domestic servitude told me they had been under the absolute control of
their employers through economic exploitation and suffered physical, psychological and sexual abuse."
At the end of her visit to Lebanon in October 2011, Ms. Shahinian urged the Government to enact legislation to protect the some
200,000 domestic workers in the country, indicating that without legal protection some of them would end up living in domestic
servitude. "Migrant domestic workers in Lebanon, the majority of whom are women, are legally invisible," she said at the time. "That
makes them acutely vulnerable."
"There are a number of reports circulating about the human rights violations Alem Dechasa experienced as a migrant domestic worker in
Lebanon and the facts surrounding her death," Ms. Shahinian said. "States are under an obligation to ensure the realization of the right to
truth about violations in order to end impunity and promote and protect human rights and provide redress to victims and their families."
Other UN independent human rights experts also expressed their condemnation of the physical abuse of Ms. Dechasa. Special
Rapporteurs François Crépeau (migrants), Rashida Manjoo (violence against women), Joy Ngozi Ezeilo (trafficking in persons), and
Juan E. Méndez (torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment), together with Kamala Chandrakirana (Working
Group on discrimination against women in law and in practice), urged the Government of Lebanon to carry out a full investigation and
make public the results of such an investigation.
Ms. Gulnara Shahinian was appointed as the first Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, its causes and consequences in
May 2008. She is a lawyer with extensive experience as an expert consultant for various UN, EU, Council of Europe, OSCE and
government bodies on children's rights, gender, migration and trafficking. Ms Shahinian is also a former trustee of the UN Voluntary
Trust Fund on Contemporary forms of Slavery.
Freedom In The World 2012 Report
Political Rights Score: 5
Civil Liberties Score: 4
Status: Partly Free
After 11 ministers stepped down in January 2011 to protest a UN tribunal's indictment of five Hezbollah members for the 2005
assassination of former prime minister Rafiq Hariri, Najib Miqati was named as the new prime minister. The nomination, backed by
Hezbollah, triggered protests and related violence, but Miqati eventually formed a cabinet in June. Also during the year, a civil conflict in
neighboring Syria led refugees and defecting soldiers to cross into Lebanon. The government arbitrarily detained a number of Syrian
refugees, worked to silence those calling for democracy in Syria, and intimidated human rights activists who criticized the security
agencies.
The regional and international climate produced a rapprochement between Hariri's unity government and both Syria and Iran in late 2009
and 2010. Political leaders of all persuasions tried to calm the public mood after it became clear that the UN Special Tribunal for Lebanon
(STL) was investigating Hezbollah members suspected of involvement in the 2005 assassination of Rafiq Hariri, threatening the tenuous
2009 power-sharing agreement. Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah pledged to resist the STL, accused Israel of Hariri's murder, and
effectively prevented security forces from executing an arrest warrant for a general previously accused in the case. To avoid political
and sectarian fighting, political leaders chose which candidates would run in the 2010 municipal elections, effectively deciding the
outcome well in advance of the balloting.
Eleven ministers allied with Hezbollah resigned in January 2011 to protest the STL's indictment of Hezbollah members in the Hariri case
and Saad Hariri's refusal to end the government's cooperation with the tribunal. The government collapsed, and Najib Miqati, backed by
Hezbollah, was named as the new prime minister. The move spurred protests across the country, which continued periodically until
June. The protests in May and June in particular included violent interfactional clashes between pro- and anti-Syrian demonstrators. The
Lebanese military response to these protests included door-to-door raids in search of those they suspected of firing shots. Miqati did not
announce a new cabinet until June, and the result was a deeply divided governing body. Despite his apparently close ties to Hezbollah,
Miqati affirmed in November that his government would contribute its share of the funding for the STL.
Tensions with Israel increased in 2011 due to a maritime border dispute in which the rights to offshore natural gas reserves were at
stake. Meanwhile, the internal conflict in Syria spilled over into Lebanon late in the year. Syrian forces allegedly crossed the border to
capture or kill fleeing military defectors and refugees on a number of occasions, and there were reports of landmines being placed along
the border.
Lebanon is not an electoral democracy. Although the 2009 parliamentary elections were conducted peacefully and judged to be free and
fair in some respects, vote buying was reported to be rampant, and the electoral framework retained a number of fundamental structural
flaws linked to the country's sectarian political system.
Lebanon: Indiscriminate bomb attack in busy residential area of Beirut
A large explosion reportedly from a car bomb attack in the busy Ashrafiya residential district in downtown Beirut killed at least eight
people and wounded dozens more on Friday.
Among those reportedly killed was Brigadier General Wissam al-Hassan, the head of the information branch at Lebanon's internal
security – but numerous bystanders are also believed to be among the dead and wounded.
Ann Harrison, Amnesty International's Deputy Middle East and North Africa Programme Director said:
"Today's attack which killed at least eight people and injured scores of residents in a bustling area of downtown Beirut and was an
indiscriminate attack that should be condemned in the strongest terms.
"That it happened during rush hour in a busy residential area meant it put the lives of many people, including children, in danger."
Lebanese Prime Minister Najib Mikati said the government was trying to identify the perpetrators and said they would be punished.
"The Lebanese authorities must carry out a thorough investigation into who was behind the attack and ensure those responsible are
brought to justice in trials that meet international fair trial standards, without recourse to the death penalty."
Wissam al-Hassan led investigations into the assassination of former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafic Hariri in 2005. He was part of the
anti-Syrian political movement the Future Movement. Internal Security Forces foiled an assassination attempt on al-Hassan's life in early
The Syrian Information Minister Omran al-Zoubi has also condemned the attack, calling it a "cowardly terrorist act".
Lebanon: Investigate and Punish Army Attacks on Migrants
Soldiers Accused of Beating Dozens of Syrian, Egyptian, and Sudanese migrants
(Beirut) – Lebanon's judiciary should investigate and prosecute any army and intelligence officials responsible for the beating and serious
abuse of at least 72 male migrant workers on the evening of October 7 in the Beirut neighborhood of Geitawi, Human Rights Watch said
today. According to victims and other witnesses, those beaten include at least 45 Syrian, 20 Egyptians, and 7 Sudanese migrant workers.
Human Rights Watch met with 25 men, all migrants, who all said they were beaten severely. Almost all had severe bruises consistent
with their statements. According to the men, uniformed members of the Lebanese army barged into the rooms where they lived and
proceeded to viciously kick and beat them, before asking any questions. One man was picked up off the street while walking home. The
soldiers, some reportedly wearing shirts labeled "Army Intelligence," did not interrogate them about any specific incident or crime, but
accused them of "harassing women."
"By engaging in such a nasty and possibly xenophobic attack against migrants, these soldiers acted more like a gang than a national
institution," said Nadim Houry, deputy director of the Middle East and North Africa division of Human Rights Watch.
All those Human Rights Watch interviewed said they had valid residency papers in Lebanon.
The army left four hours after the beating and abuse. It is not clear whether the army detained any of the migrants. None of those
interviewed knew of any arrest, but local residents told Human Rights Watch that they saw a group of seven migrants, their faces
covered, sitting inside a military jeep. Lebanese neighbors of the migrants confirmed their accounts of the army assaults and said that
they had not had any problems with the workers, some of whom have lived in Beirut's Geitawi neighborhood for years.
The Lebanese army has not issued any statement about the attacks.
"Lebanon's army is not above the law and the judiciary needs to immediately investigate this attack and hold those responsible to
account," said Houry.
This is not the first recent attack on migrants by soldiers. On October 1, soldiers rounded up migrants from another part of Achrafieh,
according to local residents who saw them storm a construction site where migrants worked and slept and heard screams from the
OFFICIAL GOVERNMENT
Address by His Excellency the President of the Republic of Lebanon General Michel Sleiman before the Diplomatic Corps on
the occasion of the New Year greetings
Unlike the previous four years, the past year has included some chapters which were tainted by some tension and violence. At the same
time, it has featured some positions and activities which showed the capacity of the Lebanese to converge and adhere to refined frames
of consensus and regularity, should they set their minds on it.
Despite these promising visions and the agreement they have gathered around them, the reality that You are aware of and that You have
pointed out, is that the Lebanese are still undergoing the repercussions of the assassination of martyr General Wissam El Hassan and the
uncertainties and questions raised by this terrorist act. The Lebanese also fear the fallout of the lingering Syrian crisis and the increase of
the numbers of Syrian refugees on their territory. They look anxiously at the political crisis that the country is going through, the
difficulty to resume the works of the National Dialogue Committee, and the escalating livelihood crisis.
As the new year seems full of challenges, the State will have to strive, at all levels, to raise these challenges, and it will deal with them as
a priority matter, in the following directions and fields:
1- To maintain the consultation with all the parties in order to find practical solutions and approaches to get out of the current political
stalemate.
2- To keep on driving the political parties back to the table of dialogue, in order to discuss the pressing issues that require the highest
level of national consensus at this critical stage that Lebanon and its neighborhood are going through.
3- To continue to call on all the parties not to get involved in the logic of regional violence and foreign interests, whether out of factional
sympathy or out of subordination.
4- To move on with the preparations for the parliamentary elections based on our commitment to our democratic tradition and to the
principle of periodic and peaceful alternation of power, within the regulations of Lebanon's consensual democracy. As for the electoral
law according to which these elections will be held, as long as we are determined to hold them and in the presence of a draft law based
on proportionality submitted by the government in this respect, the plea is to start debating this bill and introducing the necessary
amendments thereto, if need be, without moving away from the spirit of the Constitution, and while remaining in line with the role of
Lebanon, not only as a country but as a message.
5- To dedicate a special effort, as per the government's recent commitment, to face the security, economic and social challenge
represented by the steady and unprecedented increase in the numbers of incoming Syrian refugees.
6- To follow up the citizens' economic and social situation as well as their livelihood affairs, in view of re-launching the economic cycle
as a better option than sectorial and circumstantial remedies; and to work on spreading a political and security atmosphere that allows the
return of tourists, Arab brothers, investors and emigrants to Lebanon.
7- To move forward on the preparations for the exploration and extraction of the oil and gas wealth, after the governing body has been
formed and the decrees that allow the call for tenders according to a specific timetable, without linking our economy in the foreseeable
future to this investment activity which is expected in the medium and long terms.
CENTRE PROFESSIONEL
DE MEDIATION
TRANSLATED FROM FRENCH BY GOOGLE TRANSLATE
Mediation, time and inconvenience
The law on the establishment of an Ombudsman was passed February 4, 2005 ... ten days before the assassination of Rafik Hariri. Its
enforcement decree was never signed. Review of the issue with the French advocate, Dominique Baudis, Centre Professional Mediation
USJ.
Ombudsman. It is through this obscure term that began designate, in the Nordic countries of Europe, a mediator appointed by the
government, whose task, objective, impartial and noble, is to resolve conflicts that arise between currents individuals and the
administration, due to some malfunction. Conflicts irritants citizens and seemingly intractable due to bureaucratic obstruction which they
occur.
An example from France: the tickets for speeding motorists who reach long after they had sold their cars. Through the investigation by
the Office of Ombudsman, we discover the reason for this failure: the PV are addressed to the previous owner as the deed has not been
recorded on the computer mechanical service. This service responds positively to the information and decides to accept the date of the
deed and not the recording. With the result that the total elimination of these difficulties repetitive.
Today, the French mediator, as political authority, struggling against a new version of this frustration with the multiplication of France
false registration plates, but that is another story. Other examples include discrimination in employment, control "facies", or access to
housing for the elderly, refused because their pensions are "not seizable", etc..
The Professional Centre Mediation Université Saint-Joseph received Monday Dominique Baudis, named in 2011 French advocate, a title
which replaces the mediator, by which he was known before. Rights defender combines all the attributes of the various institutions of
mediation of the French Republic. Its scope of work covers both effect relationship for Administration (Ombudsman "classic")
that children's rights, discrimination of all kinds, including racial and ethically by the police, including private police. But the name does
not matter, the function is the same. It would even tend to regret the mediator, more elegant.
Dominique Baudis is not a stranger to the Lebanese. The former mayor and MEP began his career in radio and television in Lebanon. He
kept the articulation and clarity of thought. Since then he has made his way into the first great television journalism, then as elected. He
was appointed in 2011 to advocate a term of 6 years. Friend of Lebanon and Vocational Centre Mediation USJ led by Joanna Bourgély
Hawari, a mediator is a title that does not disdain.
Restricted, organized in the warm dining Joseph Zaarour campus humanities, the meeting was not less highly significant. It gathered
around Dominique Baudis, the Minister of Justice, Shakib Cortbaoui an elected MP Walid el-Khoury, Ambassador of Switzerland, Ruth
Flint, the French Cooperation Attaché, Gilles Thuaudet, the second counselor Embassy of France, Céline Place Ambassador Patrice Paoli
representative, as well as lawyers, jurists, the rector of the USJ, Professor Selim Daccache sj, teachers, researchers and leading media
representatives .
FOUNDATION FOR
HUMAN AND
HUMANITARIAN RIGHTS-
Lebanon: Human Rights Organizations Demand the Lebanese authorities to put an end to Security Agencies' violations
against foreigners
Alkarama
Illegal and racist practices against foreign workers or refugees in Lebanon are on the rise. The latest example in this regard took place on
the evening of 7 October as members of the Lebanese Army raided the homes of 70 Syrian, Egyptian and Sudanese workers in Beirut in
response to a complaint by some residents against these workers of "harassing the girls and disturbing the residents". The workers were
beaten during the raid.
Assaulting individuals and their privacy is totally unacceptable regardless of whether it was done by nationals or foreigners. Those
attacked have the right to seek recourse with the competent public authority to stop the attack and prosecute the perpetrators. However,
acting outside the rule of law or demonstrating an exaggerated form of reaction is unacceptable – whether it involved nationals or
foreigners. Use of force by security forces is not admissible unless there was an extraordinary and exceptional necessity to do so – such
as violent resistance or attacks on the security forces and public safety that cannot be stopped save through the use of force as long as it
proportionate with the act or risk at hand. We express our concern that such an incident might have been prompted by the fact that the
"defendants" are foreigners who are looked down upon and suffer marginalization and lack of protection.
By all means, what has taken place is to be regarded as a human rights violation, for such a case involves the following inherent
I. Lodging a complaint against some individuals who might have disturbed the residents does not mean that all members of the group the
defendants belong to should be targeted with punishment, or any foreign worker who might have been present in the area at the time of
the raid. The way the assault took place conveys a sense of xenophobia, including the content of the statement released by the
Orientation Directorate at the Lebanese Army that emphasized "the continuation of raids and investigations in areas suspected of
harbouring workers of various nationalities who abuse citizens and violate their privacy".
II. the competent authority to conduct investigation in alleged crimes is the "judiciary police" as duly mandated and supervised by the
judiciary. The Judiciary police may – in exceptional and emergency circumstances – ask for the support of the Lebanese Army; yet we
do not see in the said incident any political or security-based justification for the Army to intervene.
III. the fact that the security forces have the duty to stop "abuses against citizens and violation of their privacy" should not give them the
right to punish the perpetrators, otherwise these forces would be acting as if they have issued a final judgement or ruling against the
perpetrators and enforced the punishment whereas the only entity that has the right to issue and enforce the rulings and sentences is the
judiciary. The latter acts after concluding a professional forensic investigation, and receiving a judicial ruling duly issued in the name of
the Lebanese people.
IV. the two statements released by the Orientation Directorate-Lebanese Army signal a serious twofold dilemma; firstly, a violation of
delegated powers and launching military and security operations without referring to the law or competent political and judicial authorities
– a serious issue indeed that can only take place under totalitarian regimes where the rule of law is absent. Secondly, the xenophobic
attitude that permeates the statements, including the one released on 11 October in which the Lebanese Army called upon "all those who
suffer abuses of any kind to contact the security and military forces that can act swiftly and conclusively to stop such abuses" and
emphasized that it will continue to conduct its security operations to attend to "citizens interests" – disregarding thus the role of the
prosecutor's office.
The undersigned organizations denounce such infringement upon the safety and freedom of individuals, and demand that the executive
authorities that oversee the security forces and Lebanese army to live up to their responsibility to provide protection for citizens and
foreign nationals alike against any attacks.
We also demand that the judiciary intervene to put an end to such practices, promptly open an investigation into the events of 7 October
and penalize all violators and perpetrators regardless of the agency they are affiliated with – including the security and military forces.
We also call upon all authorities to uphold and respect the Lebanese Constitution and Lebanon's obligations under the international
standards as well as its local laws – particularly the right to personal and physical safety, the principle of all is equal before the law, the
right to enjoy all rights and obligations with no discrimination on the basis of colour, race, ethnicity, political opinion or any other
considerations for that matter. We also call for the respect of the principles of accountability and separation of powers, and those
enshrined in the UN convention against torture and other forms of cruel, inhumane or humiliating treatment or punishment.ublicized on
TV and in newspapers, and activists plan to lobby government for anti-harassment legislation.
Click here to read more>>
Click map for
Click flag for Country
Michel Sulayman
President since 25 May 2008
Prime Minister since 6 April 2013
TRAFFICKING IN
None reported.


Hozone. I changed in my DB the name of my pre existing column "ean_code" to "products_ean". Then I ran admin/amazon_addproducts.php. It showed no errors, but also did nothing. Then I clicked on "update amazon list" and it says "write ok". I went into amazon seller central and there is no product created.
Oh Then I already have another column but it's called "ean_code" . On which files of your great contribution do I have to change "products_ean" for "ean_code"?
Hozone. I did ran the SQL file that comes in your package since I installed it. The SQL went through without errors. This should have added the column right? If it had, then what might be the problem?
Hello I followed instructions and got my API credentials. Been trying to use it, but there is no local products to import. Do I have to export to a physical list cdv and then transform it to text and then put it in the required folder? Or should it create the list by itself?


text:
Q: Count Artikel that has same status I have this SELECT:
SELECT ADR_Adressen.AdressNrADR, ADR_Adressen.Name, ADR_Adressen.Vorname, CRM_Aufgaben.TerminVon,
CRM_Status.StatusCRM, LAG_Artikel.ArtikelNrLAG, LAG_Artikel.Bezeichnung1
FROM    ADR_Adressen
LEFT JOIN  PRO_Auftraege ON ADR_Adressen.AdressNrADR =  PRO_Auftraege.Kunde
LEFT JOIN  CRM_Aufgaben ON PRO_Auftraege.AuftragNrPRO =  CRM_Aufgaben.AuftragNrPRO
LEFT JOIN  CRM_Status ON CRM_Aufgaben.StatusCRM =  CRM_Status.StatusCRM
LEFT JOIN  LAG_Artikel ON CRM_Aufgaben.ArtikelNrLAG =  LAG_Artikel.ArtikelNrLAG
LEFT JOIN  ADR_GruppenLink ON ADR_Adressen.AdressNrADR =  ADR_GruppenLink.AdressNrADR
LEFT JOIN  ADR_Gruppen ON ADR_GruppenLink.GruppeADR =  ADR_Gruppen.GruppeADR
LEFT JOIN  CRM_AufgabenLink ON CRM_Aufgaben.AufgabenNrCRM =  CRM_AufgabenLink.AufgabenNrCRM
WHERE
CRM_Aufgaben.TerminVon >= { ts '2016-03-01 00:00:00'}
AND CRM_Aufgaben.TerminVon <= { ts '2016-03-31 00:00:00'}
AND ADR_Adressen.AdressNrADR = 10303
GROUP BY ADR_Adressen.AdressNrADR,CRM_Status.StatusCRM, ADR_Adressen.Name, ADR_Adressen.Vorname,CRM_Aufgaben.TerminVon,
CRM_Status.Bezeichnung, LAG_Artikel.ArtikelNrLAG, LAG_Artikel.Bezeichnung1
ORDER BY ADR_Adressen.Name,ADR_Adressen.Vorname,CRM_Aufgaben.TerminVon,LAG_Artikel.ArtikelNrLAG

With this i write a Report that Looks like this:

The Green parts is the StatusCRM field where i say when Status = 1 the "Anwesend" and so on.
Now i want to try to optimize my Report so that if the StatusCRM and ArtikelNrLAG is the same i want to make a X on the same line like i Show in the Picture below. In the Example downstairs i show how the motomed should look like.

Does someone know i could Change my SQL to make this work?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I'm very sorry about that. I know you look at your emails every morning, just waiting for my musings.
One of the problems I've faced in my blogging is having a wonderful idea and no place to stick it until I can write it down/type it in. I think I'm going to give in and give the WordPress iPhone app a try. I've had it loaded from a while but I detest typing on the little thing so much that I've managed to squirrel away in a back page.
Another little difficulty I've had has been the infamous "finding the time" problem. It's been cropping up in many more places then just blogging and it needs to stop.
Laurie Klein, one of my instructors and a great friend, told me about a book by Twyla Tharp entitled "The Creative Habit".
Twila is a firm believer in habits and personal rituals to make one perform something regularly. More on this later after I finish reading and digesting her ideas.
I've been shooting quite a bit, mostly digital work, but find it strangely hard to produce "finished" images from them. It's not that I don't like what I'm producing, it's a problem with organization, both in my image storage and my life.
So my friends…more about this in a bit and I definitely want to get some of my new images posted.
Have a wonderful & safe Memorial Day weekend for all my American readers and a Wonderful & safe weekend for all my other friends..
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged creativity, iPhone, organization, photographs, Twyla Tharp. Bookmark the permalink.


Now of course you would like to have a quick death, by having them drop a 2 ton boulder on your head. But no, they not only want to kill you because of your misdeeds ...But they want you to suffer an extremely painful death. this is done by throwing rocks at you, not just any rock, these rocks can't be too small or too heavy. Why? because if the rocks where too small they would just sting, and the big rocks would kill them too fast....depriving them of the pleasure of watching these poor women die !!!
Here look at article 4Article 104 of the Law of Hodoud provides that the stones should not be so large that a person dies after being hit with two of them, nor so small as to be defined as pebbles, but must cause severe injury. This makes it clear that the purpose of stoning is to inflict grievious pain on the victim, in a process leading to his or her slow death. This is the mentality we are up against, if we lose this war , WW 2 will look like a walk in the park . I shudder at the thought .


The 10th anniversary of the 9/11 attacks is a moment for all New Yorkers to reflect on not only that awful day but our city's response to it. It is an inspiring story of courage, resilience and determination.
The attacks and the setbacks that followed presented enormous obstacles, both emotional and physical. The unfathomable loss of life—including a tenth of the city's firefighters—and destruction of a signature element of our skyline were swiftly compounded by an economic downturn. Later came the grim realization that the valiant cleanup workers at ground zero had inadequate respiratory protection. There was a collective frustration with the years of bickering over how to rebuild the World Trade Center site and who should pay for it.
Residents unable to cope with the specter of terrorism moved away, and some lower Manhattan businesses couldn't survive the disruption. But the overwhelming majority stayed, and their patience and belief is being rewarded as a lively, mixed-use neighborhood emerges from what had been a drab business district. At the WTC site itself, the new towers and Sept. 11 memorial and museum will boost the city's economy and international standing.
Contributions from a variety of sources made it possible. The federal government promised $20 billion in aid, and New York's elected officials made certain that it delivered. The courts compelled insurers to make good on their obligations. Architects and engineers designed and redesigned the site, eventually producing an elegant yet viable project. Local government and the trade center's developer worked out their differences over financing. Private donations poured in to the memorial fund.
Many challenges remain. Poverty is an intractable problem in many neighborhoods, and income inequality is especially pronounced in New York. Middle-class families flee to suburbs in search of better schools. Economic growth is sluggish, and Wall Street has an uncertain future. The city has a structural budget deficit and has exhausted its surplus. Federal aid is dwindling. Our transportation system faces the risk of underinvestment.
On the whole, though, New York's regeneration since 9/11 demonstrates the strength of its foundation. The comeback traces back not to 2001 but to the 1970s, when the city nearly went bankrupt, streets and parks were filthy, subways routinely broke down and crime was rampant. Film and video footage from that era appears to be of a different planet.
We shouldn't assume that such a deterioration could not happen again. Continued reinvestment in the city's infrastructure and human capital are needed to ensure that it doesn't. And there's no better model for that than lower Manhattan. When the eyes of the world are on us this Sept. 11, it will see exactly what makes New York, New York.


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A splendid collection of Irish instrumental music recorded by several generations of musicians.
Miko, Pakie and Gussie Russell of Dolin, Co Clare, were an Irish musical family of singular attractiveness and interest, with aremarkably rich store of local Clare music. This record was recorded on location by John Tams and Neil Wayne in 1977, and is an exceptional document of the traditional music making still to be heard in the Irish countryside during the mid-1970s.
This collection, accurately remastered from recordings spanning 1926-48, exhibits his highly personal approach in a programme of tunes both familiar and rare.


It comes as no surprise to most that CBD, the non-psychoactive component found in cannabis and hemp, has a number of therapeutic benefits for those with difficult-to-treat medical conditions. As more and more studies are performed on this compound, it's becoming quite obvious that CBD can be an effective alternative to opioids as well as other prescription and over-the-counter medications.
CBD can be derived from the hemp or cannabis plant and can have anywhere from no THC to 20% THC. THC is the psychoactive component of marijuana that produces the 'high' effect. THC is only legal in states where medical and/or recreational marijuana is legal. For those who live in states where marijuana is still illegal, hemp-derived CBD with less than 0.3% THC is the only type they can buy. Some conditions can be treated better with CBD that contains higher levels of THC, but CBD with very little or no THC can still be very therapeutic.
Depending on the amount of THC and the extraction method of the product used, CBD can treat anything from mild symptoms to degenerative, chronic diseases. Here are just a few of the conditions that CBD has proven effective in treating.
Multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative autoimmune disorder that attacks a person's spinal cord, optic nerve, and brain. As the body attacks its own healthy cells, scar tissue emerges and causes even more problems. CBD can treat nearly every symptom involved in this disease and can help protect the brain from the harmful effects. As an anti-inflammatory, CBD counters the effects of the inflammatory proteins that are released in a patient's brains during an attack. CBD can also ease the pain that comes along with the creation of scar tissue and can also calm the spasticity that can affect up to 20% of those with MS. In addition to all this, CBD can help with sleep, digestion, depression, and inflammation of the optic nerve, all symptoms that those with MS frequently suffer from.
The effects of cancer ravage millions each year. CBD can help treat cancer in a number of different ways. First, it can help prevent the spread of tumors and slow down the disease's progress. Second, it can help treat the side effects of chemotherapy drugs that can include nausea, vomiting, and lack of appetite. Finally, it can provide an overall pain-relieving quality that helps cancer patients sleep and maintain a better quality of life as they fight the disease.
The effects of CBD on epilepsy have long been studied. CBD has been shown to lessen the number of seizures those with epilepsy suffer from as well as their intensity. CBD can also help patients ease off other prescription medications for their condition. This lessens the side effects of those prescriptions that can include low platelet levels, anemia, liver failure, thoughts of suicide, and allergic reactions.
More than 40 million people in the United States suffer from some form of anxiety. CBD has proven effective in treating anxiety that results from post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and social anxiety disorder. By stimulating serotonin receptors in the brain, the frequency of serotonin signals are boosted and mood is lifted while anxiety is eased. CBD has also been proven to help regenerate neurons that are lacking in those who have some types of anxiety disorders. In addition, CBD can also help treat secondary symptoms of anxiety that can include reduced appetite and insomnia.
When taken as a precautionary method, CBD can reduce the chances of high-risk patients having a heart attack. It does this by reducing the number of cell deaths, inhibiting oxidative stress, and reducing fibrosis and inflammation. CBD can also help preserve the left ventricle of the heart. CBD can also be used as a treatment after a stroke or heart attack to treat brain damage caused by oxidative stress and excitotoxicity.
CBD works by binding to CB1 receptors in the brain. The area of the brain that is affected in Parkinson's sufferers, the basal ganglia, has a high density of CB1 receptors. That means that CBD can have a number of positive effects on symptoms that emerge from this degenerative disease. CBD also has a neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effect that can actually help treat Parkinson`s disease and slow its progression.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, or OCD, is characterized by repeated, unwanted actions or thoughts and it can get worse throughout a person's lifetime and prevent them from leading a full and active life. Though there is no cure for OCD, it has been found that CBD can have a positive effect on the receptors that stimulate serotonin, leading to a boost in well-being and a reduction in the obsessive thoughts or behaviors exhibited by the sufferer.
Cannabinoid receptors play a big part in digestion as they are distributed throughout the digestive tract and in the portions of the brain that regulate the gut-brain axis. When CBD is taken by a person suffering from a digestive disorder, the receptors are activated and symptoms such as cramping, diarrhea, constipation, bloating, and appetite loss are reduced. CBD can help those with low-level, occasional digestive upsets as well as treat more serious conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome and Crohn's disease by reducing inflammation throughout the digestive tract and slowing the overall speed at which food travels throughout the digestive system.
CBD continues to be a highly studied substance by the scientific and medical community. More of its therapeutic benefits are likely to come to light as legal restrictions ease and more professionals recommend its use.
You can always speak to a medical marijuana doctor to see if CBD is right for you.
California Medical Marijuana Card – click here.


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text:
Adverse Possession/
What is Adverse Possession?
Adverse Possession Common Law Requirements
Claim of Right or Color of Title
Actual, Open and Notorious
Continuous Possession
Pay All Taxes Levied
Adverse possession is the process of getting the title to a property by continuous possession for a prescribed period of time.
In order to establish a title through adverse possession, all of the following five requirements must be satisfied:
Possession must be held under either a claim of right or color of title. The adverse possessor must either:
Have a defective document which tries (but fails) to transfer title of the property to the possessor ("color of title"), or
The possessor must actually occupy the property with the intent to claim the title to the property ("claim of right").
It is not enough to just be on the land; you have to show that you intend to make the property your own.
ALSO READ Schorr Law Wins Multi-Million Dollar Trial Involving Adverse Possession
There must be "actual, open and notorious" occupation of the premises in such a manner that constitutes reasonable notice to the record owner. As one court put it back in 1890, the adverse possessor "must unfurl his flag on the land, and keep it flying, so that the owner may see, if he will, that an enemy has invaded his domains, and planted the standard of conquest."
Occupation must be both exclusive and hostile to the title of the true owner. This is thankfully not an invitation for the adverse claimants to engage in a boxing match! To qualify as "hostile and exclusive", the occupation must be not have permission from the owner of the property, and must not recognize any of the property owner's rights. The adverse possessor must be the only person to use the property during the required time period.
There must be uninterrupted and continuous possession for at least five years. Once the adverse possessor invades the property, the clock begins ticking on the five year requirement. If the true owner resumes possession, records notice, or files an action to quiet title, the clock is stopped.
ALSO READ Adverse Possession Requirement: Property Taxes
The possessor must pay all taxes levied and assessed on the property during the five year period. An adverse possessor can add her name to the tax assessment roll for the property by filing a declaration with the county assessor. If she does not, she must ensure that she pays all taxes before they are paid by the true owner, otherwise this element has not been satisfied.
Once the five elements of adverse possession have been satisfied, it is important that the adverse possessor perfect their title by filing an action for quiet title and having their title recorded. Until the title appears in public records, the prior owner or his successor in interest can file a quiet title action to establish title against any and all adverse possessors.
Our adverse possession attorneys in California at Schorr Law can help analyze or litigate your potential adverse possession claim. To schedule a consultation, you can call our real estate attorney Los Angeles at 310 954 1877, email at info@schorr-law.com, or you can fill out our contact form on the side of the page. We have successfully taken adverse possession to trial and won! We know the ins and outs and how our experience with adverse possession also relates to prescriptive easement claims.
ALSO READ Adverse Possession Against an Estate
Adverse Possession and Permission to Use the Property
Adverse Possession Against an Estate
Adverse Possession Against a Cotenant
How Prescriptive Easement Can be Created and How Does it Differ From Adverse Possession?
The Difference Between Quiet Title, Easements, and Adverse Possession
Adverse Possession Requirement: Property Taxes
Monitoring Your Property for Adverse Possession
Other Adverse Possession Blogs

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Most Reverend John O. Barres, Bishop of the Diocese of Rockville Centre, ordained five men to the priesthood for the Diocese of Rockville Centre Saturday, June 24, 2017 at 11:00 a.m.
Rev. Mr. Christopher Sullivan and Rev. Mr. John Wachowicz.
Two were graduates of Marianist high schools. Fr. Michael Plona is a graduate of Kellenberg Memorial and Fr. Christopher Sullivan is a graduate of Chaminade.
Community life is designed to be a support and stimulus for holiness. The grace of Jesus is concretely at work in each of us. When we share our living of that grace, we all become enriched. Our prayer, our living of the vows, our faith, hope and charity thus develop new dimensions. When we accept the challenges of community as occasions for grace and conversion, when we overcome hostility by sympathetic understanding and indifference by interest and concern, we all support one another in our common call to holiness.
Community prayer is a "source and summit": it both expresses the life of the community and aims to deepen our sense of God and to enrich our practical charity for one another and for the world around us. A prayerful community immeasurably stimulates and deepens the spiritual experience of its members. We need to recognize that we can learn from one another in our spiritual lives, from the different ways in which others pray and experience God. A reasonable diversity of styles and modes of prayer, corresponding to the religious sensibilities of the different members, should be an enrichment for everyone.
Marianist community is also a permanent mission, not a cozy atmosphere closed in on itself. To share in the mission of Jesus is to join in the company of his disciples, companions whom he sends to preach the good news and to heal. We find ourselves together in communities, not by personal choice, but in function of a mission we share in the local Church. Our community is meant to be less a refuge from apostolic battles than a source of creativity and strength for mission.
We are not meant to be individual free-lancers in our ministries. Our whole history as a Society teaches us that. Great Marianist success-stories, great times and places of grace, have always involved a vital and unified community. The witness of a group of people – whether three or fifty – who truly work together in harmonious support is contagious, sometimes overpowering. It attracts followers.
Even if we may at times be called to work more individually, we need to consider our ministry as an outreach of our Marianist community, and ask for the support, guidance and evaluative discernment of the community (Rule of Life, 68).
A key element of our apostolic mission as Marianists is the discovering, building and maintaining of close community among us and the extension of such an experience of community to those around us. This is a deep way of understanding our ministry as religious within the entire Marianist Family – even within the whole Church.
The emphasis on prayer with and for one another, on trying to understand one another, on affirmation, on team work, on dialogue and a strongly felt community life is not navel-gazing or "nesting" in a warm, supportive atmosphere. It is an essential mark of our Marianist mission.
Rev. David Joseph Fleming, S.M.
So what does the word "soul" mean to you?
What does it do for us? What are we supposed to do for it?
We talk about "soul music" and "soul food," about "having soul" and "soulfulness," as though we know what we mean. But can we define it?
If the soul is not simply the divine spark, the spirit that animates each human being, and if it is more than just a well-developed and balanced sense of ego and superego, what is it?
Perhaps the best comparison we might try to look at is the Hebrew concept of "heart" - a reference that includes within it both the tumult of human emotions and urges the workings of the human mind. The "heart" was the center of the human person, the common residence for all we think and feel. Likewise the "soul" has come to represent the seedbed of all those facets of our being that make us both uniquely, and yet typically, human.
ROME - Pope Francis on Tuesday appointed 45 news members to the Pontifical Academy for Life, long regarded as the Vatican's primary beachhead for the most robustly pro-life voices in the Church, signaling that while he doesn't intend to muzzle the pro-life argument, he wants a body less inclined to be pugnacious or rambunctious.
The new members named by Francis include a mix of clergy and laity, and also feature a number of non-Catholics, including other Christians, followers of other religions, and non-believers.
All previous members of the academy had been removed from their posts in November under the terms of new statutes developed under Italian Archbishop Vincenzo Paglia, the current president, leaving Pope Francis free to completely overhaul the body's membership.
Often pontifical academies are somewhat low-profile operations, essentially think tanks without much decision-making authority. Because of the intensity of pro-life debates in many parts of the world and the key role the Church often plays in them, however, vicissitudes at the Academy for Life are closely scrutinized by Vatican-watchers.
In recent years, academy members have shown a willingness to push back when they believe the Church's pro-life witness is being compromised.
In 2009, roughly half the members of the academy protested against the body's president at the time, Italian Archbishop Salvatore "Rino" Fisichella, after Fisichella published an article appearing to criticize a Brazilian bishop who had said the doctors responsible for an abortion on a nine-year-old girl raped by her stepfather were excommunicated.
Twenty-seven of 46 members of the academy at the time signed a letter asking Fisichella to correct what they regarded as a "mistaken" impression about the Church's position on abortion created by the article.
In 2012, some of the same members of the academy objected to a conference on infertility in which some speakers argued in favor of in-vitro fertilization, which the Church officially opposed.
More recently, some academy members have objected to a decision by Paglia to eliminate a requirement for new members to sign a statement promising to defend life in conformity with the Church's magisterium from the body's statutes.
Noticeably absent in the appointments announced on Tuesday were some of the leaders of those uprisings, such as Christine de Marcellus Vollmer, a Venezuelan living in the United States, president of the Alliance for Family and of the Latin American Alliance for Family; Monsignor Michel Schooyans, a Belgian and professor emeritus of the Catholic University of Louvain; and Luke Gormally, a former research professor at Ave Maria School of Law.
Those omissions may suggest that Francis wanted to send a message that academy members are not to engage in public protest against its leadership, and that in general he wants a less combative tone from the group.
On the other hand, among the figures who were appointed on Tuesday are several that have long been regarded as champions of the pro-life cause, including Carl Anderson, Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus; Cardinal Willem Eijk, Archbishop of Utrecht in the Netherlands; Archbishop Anthony Fisher of Sydney in Australia; and John Haas, President of the National Catholic Bioethics Center in the United States.
Francis also named as "members for life" five former leaders of the academy, including retired Cardinal Carlo Caffarra of Bologna in Italy, long known as one of the most forceful pro-life voices at the senior levels of the Catholic hierarchy.
This past Sunday we celebrated Pentecost Sunday. Pentecost is the day the church of Jesus Christ entered the public domain, and it's "OK" to say to the church, "Happy birthday to you!"
Until Jesus' little band of disciples experienced the descending dove, the tongues of fire and the babble of ecstatic voices, they really weren't ready for prime time. Their faith was proprietary and private. After those remarkable events, though, their old song suddenly became new.
Pentecost is the third biggest celebration of the Christian year, but it runs far behind Christmas and Easter in popularity. In the case of the other two holidays, secular culture has embraced the religious feast, manufacturing its own cheap knock-offs. There's secular Christmas, with its blatant consumerism and vague ethic of doing something nice for someone you already love. As for secular Easter, it's nothing more than a rite of spring.
No one has trouble finding decorations and greeting cards for secular Christmas or secular Easter. Many of them feature the familiar mascots of the holidays, Santa and the Easter Bunny. Those symbolic figures have high name-recognition, even among people who've never darkened a church door.
Certain things you never, ever see in relation to Pentecost. Have you ever seen a rack of Pentecost cards in a drugstore? Have you ever savored a special candy that commemorates the holiday? Have you ever baked Pentecost cookies?
Will the church ever issue a call to "Keep the Holy Spirit in Pentecost"?
Not likely. It's not a problem. Nobody's trying to hijack the rights to this holiday. Pentecost is ours alone.
N.T. Wright reminds all of us that the presence of the Spirit makes a big difference in how we actually live our lives, not just how we actually feel.
In corporate America, there've been some major tweaks that have not had a desirable effect. Think of Comcast, the cable company and Internet giant. It decided to rename itself "Xfinity" back in 2010, in 11 of its U.S. markets. "Xfinity?" asked one person. "What the heck does that mean?"
According to one source at the time, "Comcast hopes the new moniker will help customers forget the high prices and poor customer service for which the company has been criticized in the past." What they really need to do is take steps to offer their customers a more positive experience. Otherwise, the rebrand goes bad.
God's work in us always goes deeper than just a name change. When God wants to create something span-kin new, he begins by liberating us from sin and helping us to overcome it. Then, God replaces selfish-thinking with Spirit-thinking.


and friends for ages to get a prototype made .
tray lugs and the engine bracket just disintergrates !!!!. I think I have replaced 6-7 of them .
So I am pleased to Say Joe from Jofer USA has now made a prototype ,after me nagging him to death !!
thats why his product is so good , we are lucky to have him on board .
Another cool upgrade from Jofer.
Here are a couple of PROTOTYPE Pics ,the very first " hand made clay model version but in alloy "
Looks great. These will sell like hot cakes.
Very nice , that will complete my car . Excited about this one.
how do you tell the diffrence? do you test bend the chassi?
Very nice I imagine the cost is going to be High due to the thickness of the billet alloy you have to start with.
One question would it be over kill if there was not one but two fixture points between the tray and engine-gear plate?
Looks like it's a three piece design, so the main part looks to be only about 5mm thick.
cage bars ,pull it forward ,but with the roll cage it's far from super solid .


The college newspaper at the University of California, Davis has issued a stern warning to students hoping to celebrate Cinco de Mayo: Don't drink too much or you're a racist engaging in cultural appropriation.
Instead of partying, the editors encourage students to educate themselves and learn about how they hold various "problematic" beliefs.
In fact, the editorial board's strongest suggestion is that students simply not party at all.
Instead, they should save their beer money and use it to advance progressive political causes.


text:
Regularisation of contract Persons Services in Telangana-GO.16
January 13, 2021 Prakash Vemula Leave a Comment
Regularisation of contract Persons Services in Telangana: Government Of Telangana-G.O.MS.No.16 Finance (HRM.I) Department Dated: 26/02/2016 – Acts- The Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014 – The Andhra Pradesh Public Employment (Regulation of Appointments to Public Services and Rationalisation of Staff Pattern and Pay Structure) Act, 1994 (Act 2 of 1994) – Adaptation to the State of Telangana -Notification – Orders – Issued.
1. The A.P. Public Employment (Regulation of Appointments to Public Services and Rationalisation of Staff Pattern and Pay Structure) Act, 1994 (Act 2 of 1994)
2. The Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act, 2014.
Order: Regularisation of contract Persons Services in Telangana
Whereas, by section 101 of the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act, 2014, the State of Telangana is empowered, by order, to make such adaptations and modifications of any law made before 02.06.2014, whether by way of repeal or amendment as may be necessary or expedient, for the purpose of facilitating the application of such law in the State of Telangana, before the expiration of two years from 02.06.2014 and thereupon every such law shall have effect subject to the adaptations and modifications so made until altered, repealed or amended by a competent Legislature or other competent authority;
And whereas it has become necessary to adapt the Andhra Pradesh Public Employment (Regulation of Appointments to Public Services and Rationalisation of Staff Pattern and Pay Structure) Act, 1994 (Act 2 of 1994) which was in force in the State of Andhra Pradesh as on 01.6.2014, with certain modifications/amendments for the purpose of facilitating its application in relation to the State of Telangana.
Accordingly, the following Notification will be published in an issue of the Telangana State Gazette. Regularization may be considered only in respect of eligible personnel working as on 2nd June 2014, immediately before the formation of Telangana State, and continuing till the date of proposed regularization.
For the purpose of continuity, the annual breaks in certain vacation departments like Education and Welfare Departments may be ignored. This condonation shall not, however, apply in respect of breaks on account of unauthorized absence and disciplinary cases.
The regularization shall be with prospective effect, i.e., from the date of issue of orders of regularization and appointment to the category.
The backlog in reservations if any arising out of regularization as above shall be carried forward and treated as backlog vacancies for that particular category".
Download Telangana-GO.16 from here
Contract Persons Services, Regularisation, Regulation, TS Govt Order contract Persons Services in Telangana, Regularization of contract Persons Services, Regularization of contract Persons Services in Telangana, TS GO 16


Both sides must ensure patients maintain access to safe medicines, groups wrote.
LONDON — Eight life sciences trade associations from the U.K. and Europe Wednesday wrote to the chief Brexit negotiators for the EU and U.K. to hammer home the importance of ongoing cooperation on medicines rules after March 2019.
Such an agreement would be the "best way" of ensuring that patients on both sides of the Channel maintain access to safe medicines and avoiding any harm to public health, they wrote, according to a copy viewed by POLITICO.
They call for "as much certainty as possible, as early as possible" around pharmaceutical regulations and highlight the recent support by Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt and Business Secretary Greg Clark for regulatory cooperation.
Medicines marketing authorizations across the U.K. and Europe should stay in place after Brexit, they urge. They also call for a reasonable implementation period so the sector has time to adjust to the new framework, not to mention the added workload for EU regulators once U.K. experts are no longer helping out.
The letter's signers include heads of the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry, the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations, EuropaBio, Medicines for Europe and others.
Politics is always easier without politicians.


Comment: Grey carpet in family room.
Comment: I would like to get an estimate for seven or 8 stains that I would like to have erased and a person who is capable of blending color into current finish to be hardly noticeable. Pet stains mostly and two high traffic with kids and water stains from snow boots etc.
Comment: seven or 8 stains that I would like to have erased and a person who is capable of blending color into current finish to be hardly noticeable. Pet stains mostly and two high traffic with kids and water stains from snow boots etc.
Comment: New 3/4 prefinnished floor needs repair or replaced.
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If you are looking for the perfect dress coat, this woolen coat is ideal for you. It comes in a beautiful black or classic tan to coordinate with all of your clothing. The cotton and polyester interior and woolen exterior make this coat ideal for any number of uses this fall and winter.


text:
Digital Archive:Cast list, The Caucasian Chalk Circle (1969)
translated into English by James & Tania Stern with WH Auden
Characters in order of appearance
The Singer…………………………………………….. Joe Griffiths
The Governor………………………………………… Carl Bernard
The Wife……………………………………………….. Petronella Ford
The Adjutant…………………………………………. Gary Hope
Kazbeki…………………………………………………. Harold Innocent
A Rider from the Capital…………………………. Richard Denning
Doctors………………………………………………….. Richard Kane Robert Sidaway
Simon……………………………………………………. Peter Ellis
Grusha…………………………………………………… Heather Sears
Architects………………………………………………. Auton Low Robert Selbie
Chambermaids……………………………………….. Jean Hastings Mildred Mayne Audrey Murray Tamara Ustinov
Nurse…………………………………………………….. Kathleen Worth
Cook………………………………………………………. Peggy Marshall
Chef……………………………………………………….. Geoffrey Burridge
Stableman………………………………………………. Knight Mantell
Ironshirts……………………………………………….. Prentis Hancock Brian Poyser Raymond Skipp
Blockhead……………………………………………….. Christopher Morley
Old Peasant with Milk………………………………. John Rogan
Corporal………………………………………………….. Phillip Hinton
Farmer…………………………………………………….. Auton Low
His Wife………………………………………………….. Helena Carroll
Merchants……………………………………………….. Carl Bernard Richard Kane Mildred Mayne
Lavrenti…………………………………………………… Philip Anthony
Aniko………………………………………………………. Hermione Gregory
Their Stableman……………………………………….. Raymond Skipp
The Mother in Law……………………………………. Patricia Routledge
Yussup……………………………………………………… Richard Denning
The Monk…………………………………………………. Brian Hayes
Azdak……………………………………………………….. Topol
Shauva……………………………………………………… Richard Kane
The Grand Duke………………………………………… Knight Mantell
The Baron's Nephew………………………………….. Christopher Guinee
The Doctor………………………………………………… Geoffrey Burridge
The Invalid………………………………………………… Robert Selbie
The Limping Man……………………………………….. Philip Antahony
The Blackmailer…………………………………………. Biran Hayes
Ludovica……………………………………………………. Sally-Jane Spencer
The Innkeeper…………………………………………… John Rogan
Stableman………………………………………………… Auton Low
Children……………………………………………………. Barry Gates Geoffrey Hindley Ian Ticehurst
Lawyers…………………………………………………….. Michael Aldridge Robert Sidaway
Director……………………………………………………… Peter Coe
Designer…………………………………………………….. Michael Knight
Lighting……………………………………………………… Mick Hughes
Music…………………………………………………………. Joe Griffiths
Orchestrations……………………………………………. Eric Rogers
Stage Manager……………………………………………… Christine Roberts
Assistant Stage Managers………………………………. Nicholas Daubeny, Bill Hutchison, Judith Vickers
May: Tue 13S, Wed 14F, Thu 15, Fri 16, Sat 17m&G, Thu 22e, Sat 24m, Tue 27, Thu 29m,
Fri 30, Sat 31e
June: Mon 2, Wed 4, Thu 5e, Sat 7m, Tue 10, Thu 12m, Fri 13, Sat 14e, Mon 16, Wed 18,
Thu 19e, Sat 21m, Tue 24, Thu 26m, Fri 27, Sat 28e, Mon 30
July: Wed 2, Thu 3e, Sat 5m, Thu 10m, Fri 11, Sat 12L
S = Society Preview
F = First Night
m = matinee
e = evening
L = Last Night
Festival Theatre, Plays, Press and Publicity, Productions
Cast List, The Aspern Papers (1978)
Set Design, Terra Nova (1980)
Drawing detailing the set, designed by Pamela Howard
Production Photograph, The Relapse (1986)
Featuring Richard Briers as Lord Foppington
Programme, How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying (2005)
Listing cast and creative team and including articles based on the production
Production Photograph, Holes In The Skin (2003)
Featuring Sarah Cattle as Kerry and Andrew Sheridan as Lee
Cast list, The School for Scandal (1995)
Production photograph, The Hothouse (1995)
Featuring Celia Imrie and Harold Pinter


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text:
Q: lost stash and commit I commit and stashed some work and now when changing back to the branch and trying to apply the stash I seem to be behind (about two weeks worth of work).
Here is what I did via terminal history:
$ git checkout dashboard-improvements
$ git pull
$ git stash apply "stash@{0}" (all is well at this point)
$ git status (finished working, wanted to see my changes)
$ git stash (received a warning about files not being commit)
$ git add -A && git commit -m "" (received a warning about blank commit message)
$ git add -A && git commit -m "create order" "
"
$ git stash
$ git checkout staging && git pull

At this point I continued to work on some other branches and projects.
I then went back to the dashboard-improvements branch and tried to apply my latest stash, but I am seeing old work:
$ git branch (viewed my branches)
$ git checkout dashboard-improvements
$ git status
$ git stash apply "stash@{0}" (seeing really old work)

I'm kind of panicking and I'm not really sure what to do.  I've tried $git fsck --lost-found and there are a ton of dangling commits, but I'm afraid to play around and potentially lose my work.
Is there a way to see the local commit with the sketchy quotations:
    $ git add -A && git commit -m "create order" "
    "

A: Let's pull apart what happened.
$ git checkout dashboard-improvements
$ git pull

Updated dashboard-improvements from the remote.
$ git stash apply "stash@{0}" (all is well at this point)

Applied some work from the last thing you stashed.
$ git status (finished working, wanted to see my changes)

Checked your status.
$ git stash (received a warning about files not being commit)

Stashed the changes you just applied. Why?
$ git add -A && git commit -m ""

Committed nothing, you just stashed all your changes.
$ git stash

Stashed nothing. Why?
$ git branch (viewed my branches)
$ git checkout dashboard-improvements
$ git status
$ git stash apply "stash@{0}" (seeing really old work)

At this point I have no idea what's in your stash.

The issue I see is you seem to be stashing as a cargo-cult thing. Your stash is probably full of all sorts of junk. Run a git stash list -p, look through what's there, and sort out what's useful and what isn't.
You might want to review the Stashing and Cleaning chapter of the Git Book.


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text:
Newsom: Vaccine distribution triples in state, but supply challenges remain
by The AV Times Staff • February 3, 2021
[View video of the press conference below]
Gov. Gavin Newsom Wednesday hailed downward trends in key metrics tracking the COVID-19 pandemic in the state, while urging continued vigilance and insisting that vaccine distribution has vastly improved in the state despite some localized challenges.
"We recognize … there are parts of the state that are already running out of vaccines, where they're throttling back in terms of their dose allocation because they're running out," Newsom said. "The federal government doesn't have the doses to support states like ours at the scale we all would like to see. We are limited on the basis of supply."
Newsom said the state is expected to receive 1.06 million doses of vaccine this week, a number he called "encouraging." He said the average number of people being vaccinated in the state has tripled in recent weeks, with the number averaging more than 1 million per week.
"No one is satisfied with the pace of distribution of these vaccines," he said. "Of course, we have more work to do but we have made demonstrable progress and we will continue to build on that."
He said the state is being more aggressive about ensuring vaccine doses are being used promptly, noting that the state last week pulled back 170,000 doses from a pharmacy chain that didn't administer its allocation quickly enough.
The state reported a total of 10,501 new COVID-19 cases on Wednesday, a number that Newsom noted was well below the reports from early January, when more than 60,000 cases were being announced each day.
Newsom also noted a sharp drop in the testing-positivity rate statewide, dropping from 14.3% a month ago to 6.1%. Hospitalizations have dropped by nearly 30% over the past two weeks, and the intensive-care unit population is down 21.5%. While hailing that progress, the governor insisted, "This does not mean we're out of the woods."
He pointed to concerns about new variants of the coronavirus that have been found to spread far more easily from person to person, but not more dangerous. The most well-publicized of the variants originated in the United Kingdom, and Newsom said 150 cases of that variant have been found in California. There haven't been any cases of the mutation first discovered in South Africa, but there have been 960 cases of a West Coast variant.
"The virulence, the transmissibility of those variants are obviously a concern," Newsom said. "That's why we have to be cautious."
He urged residents to continue wearing face coverings and practicing social distancing.
"With these vaccines, with these case rates declining, we see the light at the end of the tunnel," Newsom said. "… We need to continue the good work we've done in the state to continue to see that case rate decline, these ICU and hospitalizations decline and that positivity rate — 6.1% is still not where we want to be."
Filed Under: Health, Home, Los Angeles County, Politics
4 comments for "Newsom: Vaccine distribution triples in state, but supply challenges remain"
to hell with newsom says
I hope this idiot is recalled we also need to get Nancy Pelosi out
Now we spending more money on the bullet train this man is nothing but a damned liar
Vaccine says
This Scotch/Irish papist fraternity brother needs to go.
IGotYourMaskRightHere says
You're too nice, I would have just gone with greasy sleaze-ball.
100k signatures to go…..
ggmomof3 on Reward doubled to $20K in "ruthless" Lancaster shooting, photos of suspect released: "" Jan 21, 07:01


We want to present to your attention a new game the plot of which is easy to guess. Just imagine such picture: grandmother lives in the house, which stands in the depths of the coniferous forest. She is waiting for her lovely granddaughter – Little Red Riding Hood. A wonderful story comes to life during this game process. The main hero follows through the forest to visit her grandmother and give you a lot of rewards and winnings.
All together they will teach you how to earn coins if you launch Wicked tales dark red slot that is created by Microgaming company. Here you will find an unusual playing field 3х4х4х4х3. 25 fixed pay lines are involved in this machine. You can make a bet up to 200 coins for each spin. Moreover, there are several bonus features, such as the bonus game, free spins, mega-symbols and the "Wandering Reels" special function. We advise you to learn all the rules of the game process because these developers rewarded the slot by a large choice of the bonuses. But at the same time, they decided to hide the RTP (return to player percentage).
The frequency of falling of the bonus is statistically, every 128th spin (0,78%).
The probability of a hit (any winning) is 32.86%.
The maximum payout during the tests was 136x.
The average winning from the bonus was 35x.
Volatility is 5,46 out of 20 (average).
The rating of the slot machine for the wagering is 5,59 out of 10.
The rewards, which are presented below, are available during the game process at the maximum stake. The pay combinations are formed on 25 fixed lines and with the help of a special principle. If you want to get your payment, it will be necessary to collect at least 3 identical symbols, which are located on the adjacent reels.
The logo symbol will return 80, 800 and 4000 coins. Also, it will replace all the symbols, except for the scatter.
Moon became scatter symbol. It is responsible for triggering of the "Wolfs Wheel" feature.
Little Red Riding Hood will give out from 80 to 4000 coins.
Hunter will offer the rewards in the amount of 72, 720 and 1600 coins.
Wolf will be able to pay out 64, 640 and 1200 coins.
Medallion with a photo will give you 56, 560 and 960 coins.
Bag of coins will return from 32 to 640 coins.
Candle will give 32, 280 and 560 coins.
A, K, Q and J card symbols can deposit your account in the amount of 16 – 480 coins. The reward depends on the value of the card.
Wolfs Wheel. 3 symbols of Moon launch the special bonus. You will see the wheel of fortune. There are multipliers for the final stake up to x16 and other bonus functions in these cells.
If this wheel stops on the sector with an image of the chest with gold, the "Forest of Fortune" function will become active. There will be bags of the hunter on the screen. And you can find a different number of coins in them. You need to choose any of them and take away your rewards. The multiplier is increased by 1 during each successful choice. At this time, you can get the additional multiplier x10 of the final stake. When you get to an axe, you can kill 1 wolf. When this wild animal is on your way, the game will end.
But if this wheel stops on the sector with the image of Little Red Riding Hood, Hunter, Wolf or Medallion, 9 free spins feature will be triggered.
Wandering Reels. This function is available on any spin. The pay lines are collected, and Jumbo Blocks symbols will fall out in their places. These are symbols that occupy blocks of 3x3 cells.
Lines for the game – 25 (always active).
The biggest stake is 200 coins.
Maximum reward for the combination of the symbols is 4000 coins (during the activity of the highest bet).
Bonus games – yes (the "Wolfs Wheel" function, in which you can win free spins or the bonus game, the "Wandering Reels" and other modes).
RTP (return to player percentage) - unknown.