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Emigrant returns to grow apples
Hector Ordoñez spent 53 years in the United States before retiring in Mexico.
Washington State IPM consultant Naná Simone (right) chats with Chihuahua orchardist Hector Ordoñez.
After spending most of his life in the United States, Hector Ordoñez returned to Chihuahua, Mexico, to spend his retirement growing apples and corn on what used to be his grandfather's farm.
Ordoñez was only three when his parents left the isolated farm, about 20 miles from Cuauhtémoc, to seek better opportunities north of the border. "My father, he got married and was struggling, so he moved to the states," Ordoñez recounted.
His father worked in construction and became very successful. Every summer, the family returned to Mexico to spend two or three months at the farm.
Ordoñez attended a community college in Los Angeles, and has also lived in San Antonio and El Paso. Before retiring three years ago and returning to Mexico, he sold water purification systems in Mexico for a U.S. company.
"Most of the systems I used to sell, I have them installed in all my wells," he said.
His grandfather planted trees on the farm about 30 years ago, and nurtured in Ordoñez an interest in horticulture and a desire to take over the farm.
"He planted the seed in me," he recalled. "I said, 'Grandpa, I live in the states. How can I continue this?' He said, 'You will find a way.'"
His grandfather started to teach him about farming, and after he died 23 years ago, Ordoñez spent more and more time at the farm. About nine years ago, he began planting more fruit trees. He'd visit for two months and then return to the United States.
Though thoroughly Americanized, he enjoyed spending time in Mexico. "I loved being down here and in the trees," he said. "The more I came, the more I was interested, and now I'm still learning. I haven't stopped learning."
Ordoñez has 59 hectares (145 acres) of apples at his Buena Vista orchard and 40 hectares (100 acres) of corn. His apples include Red Chief Red Delicious, Golden Delicious, and Gala. He expects Gala to replace Red Delicious in the Mexican apple industry.
"We planted Gala nine years ago, and we've had very good success with it," he said. "Personally, it's my favorite apple, and it's starting to catch on with the Mexican consumer."
Eduardo "Lalo" Carrasco, horticulturist for the orchard, said fruit size averages 138 with Gala, and he'd like to grow bigger apples. Chemical thinning hasn't worked very well. He feels he's been less aggressive with thinning than he should be because of the high risk of spring frost.
On the positive side, the Gala apples are harvested early—between August 10 and 20—when the market pays high prices. The farm receives about U.S.$0.20 per pound for orchard-run fruit.
The orchard is covered by a black hail netting, which protects the fruit from the sun as well as hail. The net reduces available light by 20 percent. Ordoñez is also applying Raynox this year for sunburn control.
Irrigation water comes from wells 400 feet deep. Water is pumped from all the wells into an accumulation pond so that the water can be pumped with enough volume to meet the trees' needs.
The diseases fireblight, mildew, and phytopthora are a concern. Carrasco said he tries to minimize the amount of irrigation he applies during the spring in order to lower the risk of fireblight, but he has to apply water to control spring frosts. Bloom can last for a month, and he alternates applications of the antibiotics streptomycin and terramycin for fireblight control.
Because the orchard is isolated, pests are of lesser concern than diseases. The main pests are aphids, codling moth, lygus bug, thrips, green fruit worm, and woolly apple aphid. Carrasco does not use mating disruption for codling moth because he gets adequate control with one or two sprays of Success (spinosad), Intrepid (methoxyfenoxide), or occasionally Lorsban (chlorpyrifos), which also help control the green fruit worm. He applies no herbicides, but controls weeds by hand hoeing, mechanical tillage, and a string trimmer.
He employs local people. Some are housed at the orchard, while others are bused back and forth between the orchard and their homes. He pays them U.S.$10 a day.
Rootstocks
The older apple plantings are on Malling 7. In a newer block, Gala and Golden Delicious on M.9 rootstocks are planted on a 3-foot by 14-foot spacing.
Carrasco said early experiments with the M.9 rootstock were not successful, as the trees stopped growing when they reached 5 feet tall. But Richard Chavez, with ProTree Nurseries, California, kept encouraging Ordoñez to give it another try and said he would pay half the cost of establishing the high-density block. The planting, now in its seventh leaf, worked out well, Carrasco said, though not as wildly successful as they had hoped.
Fruit size has been small in the Galas, perhaps because of inadequate thinning, and it's taken a long time for the trees to grow—perhaps because they were overcropped in the early years, he said. But the size of the Golden Delicious has been better, averaging 80 to 100 count. Fireblight and woolly apple aphid, which have colonized the rootstock, have been problems, as has the irrigation system, which was not designed for such close tree spacing. Sprinklers were spaced every 13 feet down the row, and trees between the emitters didn't grow as well, resulting in uneven tree growth.
Carrasco said Ordoñez is thinking about using one of the Geneva rootstocks in upcoming plantings, and perhaps planting the trees a little further apart. "He's looking for a rootstock that gives him a little quicker growth of the trees and more canopy per hectare."
Members of the International Fruit Tree Association who visited the orchard recommended planting the trees closer together, rather than switching to a more vigorous rootstock. With rows 10 feet apart, production per acre would be higher, Wilfrid Mennell of British Columbia, Canada, pointed out.
Bruce Currie of British Columbia stressed the importance of keeping the soil surface wet for trees on M.9, which has a shallow root system. He recommended a drip emitter for each tree, as a tree can be severely affected if the soil dries out between irrigations, he said. "Keep them wet so they have no chance to stress because of water."
Dr. Terence Robinson said close tree spacings are important for early profitability of a block. "If you get production in the second and third year, it tremendously changes the profitability of the orchard."
Geraldine Warner2021-09-28T10:28:19-07:00August 1st, 2006|August 2006 Issue|
About the Author: Geraldine Warner
Geraldine Warner was the editor of Good Fruit Grower from 1992-2015. During her tenure, she planned and prepared editorial content, wrote for the magazine, and managed the editorial team. Read her stories: Story Index


The blogging business is booming. What once was the realm of conspiracy theorists and teenage girls has evolved into a viable business tool that can be used to provide everything from personal customer contact to on-site event coverage. Since the first Agri Marketing article on blogging in March, the medium and its related technologies have continued to develop at a robust pace.
John Rozum, sales manager at World Dairy Expo, was unable to attend this year's National Agri-Marketing Association convention in Phoenix this past April, but was a subscriber to AgWired, a blog that covered the conference. By watching the blog, he was able to sit at his computer in his office and "virtually" follow the whole meeting. As he did, Rozum immediately saw the potential for using the medium for World Dairy Expo.
A phone call to ZimmComm, then several brainstorming sessions later and World Dairy Diary (www.wdexpo.org) was born. In this case, the blog is fully owned and operated by ZimmComm, in cooperation with World Dairy Expo. ZimmComm is responsible for the development of the blog, all sales and marketing and all postings. The Expo is providing content information, publicity and sponsor promotion, as well as other assistance as needed.
The primary goal of World Dairy Diary is, of course, to promote the World Dairy Expo, scheduled for Oct. 4-8 in Madison, Wisc. The target audience includes dairy farmers, processors, industry representatives, allied businesses and the media. Reporters are encouraged to view World Dairy Diary as an online media kit and are free to use the articles, releases, audio and images that are posted on the site. The blog will also provide regular information for those attending the event to help them keep up with all that is happening, much like an electronic convention newsletter.
World Dairy Diary was developed to complement the World Dairy Expo's "traditional" Web site by enhancing the Expo's visibility and providing visitors with what some call a "river of information."
The first task was to create a unique Web domain, host, name and look for the blog. The basic blog was actually created in about two hours, using a simple temporary template to start, while a Web artist worked on a custom "skin" for the site.
The name World Dairy Diary was chosen because it ties into the show name while leaving the door open to additional types of information on topics related to the dairy industry. The blog contains daily information during the show, plus fresh content throughout the year to keep visitors coming back.
Next, the blog was integrated into the World Dairy Expo Web site structure by using interconnecting links to both sites.
World Dairy Diary was first made public with a news release that was distributed internationally to journalists using PR Web, Talking News Releases and Expo's own media list. Simultaneously, World Dairy Diary was also registered with more than 30 Internet search engines. This simple registration process greatly increases the exposure of the site because blogs are "crawled" on a regular basis by search engines.
Visitors to World Dairy Expo will also be encouraged to visit the blog in the daily Expo newspaper and through audio billboard announcements throughout the event. Regular updates and posts throughout the entire event will be designed to both inform and entertain.
At the time this article is being written, the Expo is still over a month away, but the blog has been in existence for almost two months. As the number of posts increases, the amount of traffic to the site increases because it creates more information on the Web that can be picked up by search engines. Traffic to the blog will be analyzed using a number of Web statistics programs and compared with the World Dairy Expo Web site statistics. Success will be somewhat subjective -- after all, this is the first time a blog has been used to promote a farm show. Ideally, it is intended to create new awareness of the expo internationally, provide media with a new source of material to cover the event and give dairy industry representatives an on-site, personal view of the expo.
Chuck Zimmerman is president of ZimmComm, Holts Summit, Mo., which offers interactive marketing services to the agribusiness industry. He's an avowed agriblogging evangelist.


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The Settlement of 'New Edinburgh' - 'Dunedin'
Short history of the settlement by the Scottish of Dunedin
Compiled and written by: Brian Nicholls
With thanks to the "Hocken Library" for the use of the historic photo's
The 'John Wickliffe' and the 'Philip Laing' landed with the first settlers in 'Dunedin' in 1848.
The 'John Wickliffe' and the 'Philip Laing' with the first settlers landing in 'Dunedin
It was the end of a period of intense activity, both at 'Home' and in New Zealand. But not entirely the end - the people working in Dunedin learnt only at the last minute that the settler ships would soon be there, so there was nothing much for the new arrivals to live in when they arrived.
The first organised European settlements of New Zealand had been organised by the New Zealand Company, under EG Wakefield, in 1839 - 1840, at Wellington, and around that Central area.
It was Wakefield's idea of the 'class settlement' (transposing a cross-section of the Old Country to NZ, from the labouring peasant to the capitalist) which inspired further settler movements in Britain, including in Scotland, where it at first centered around George Rennie, MP. He, in 1842, first proposed the establishment of a Scottish settlement:
'We shall found a New Edinburgh at the Antipodes that shall one day rival the old', he predicted. It would be a 'class settlement' all right, but one founded upon the 'Free Church'. Which is where Rennie eventually bowed out.
The reins were enthusiastically taken over by the future 'leader' of the new town, Captain William Cargill, who had fought in the Peninsula War, and who was now in his sixties. His 'Free Church' religious organizer was to be the Rev Thomas Burns, nephew of the bard, who had forsaken the Established Church after the 1843 Disruption. Although the problems in the way were mighty, there were also circumstances favourable - it was 'the hungry forties', landlordism was stripping the Highlands, the people needed fresh beginnings, and NZ was one of the chosen lands.
Dunedin from "Little Paisley"
A Lay Association of the Free Church of Scotland for the NZ settlement was established, and they entered upon an arrangement with the NZ Company: the Co would make available 144,600 acres of land, divided into 2,400 properties.
Town allotment 1/4 acre
Suburban allotment 10 acres
Rural allotment 50 acres
The cost would be 2 pounds per acre. The direction was obviously to make people town-dwellers, and also give them a start as farmers. Of course, this meant the NZ Co in NZ had to get things going. A priority had been to find a place for people to settle in the South Island. NZ Co surveyors inspected areas as prospects, one not liking the Otago site at all. Edward Shortland, the government's Protector of Aborigines, with local Maori guides, entered the Harbour, proceeding to the upper reaches, then over a period of days walked what was to become the "Otago Block". (It is probable that the word 'Otago' came from the Southern Maori pronunciation of the village at the Heads, 'Otakou', which had also been a whaling station, now abandoned.) They came to the hills over-looking a hilly and heavily-wooded harbour. This was the area that Frederick Tuckett, commissioned by Wakefield, came to consider in 1844. He had been told to find a site for settlement, initially Banks Peninsula, in what was to become Canterbury. The site was to be called 'New Edinburgh'. Tuckett surveyed the South Island's East coast, looking for useful harbours, on and off the chartered 'Deborah', walking with, or without, local guides. He tried Port Cooper (Lyttelton), didn't like it, went to Otago, walking the last miles overland, at that time a very rough trip. He found the 'Deborah' waiting for him, in the bay ever since called after the little vessel. He and his team of surveyors (Barnicoat and Davidson) walked the territory and came back, minds made up. On such trips is history set up. The local Maori were now involved: the land had to be bought, and the locals wanted a high price. Wakefield came down from Wellington with Government officials, and distributed 2,400 pounds in cash to the chiefs for disbursement, and four-penny pieces into out-thrust hands. It was a very large block of land, from North of the Harbour, right down to the Molyneux (now Clutha) River, and inland by several miles.
Surveying began, and the movement to gather financial backers, capitalists, and other settlers, began in Scotland. It could have flown, but the plan suffered set-backs, amongst which, the NZ Co fell into financial difficulties. Everything slowed down, Tuckett returned to England, those NZ settlers who came to the future city site to help with preparations (including setting up an hotel!) languished in hope.
Octagon with Cargills Monument
Finally, the surveyors came back in 1846, led by 25-year-old Charles Kettle, to lay out the site. He had spent time in Edinburgh recently, and this knowledge enabled him to reproduce some of its characteristics and names in the new Edinburgh of the South. (In order to do this, of course, he frequently had to ignore the fact that straight street lines, though pretty on paper, have to ignore the sometimes near-vertical slopes of the future town's hills, and the many areas of swamp on the flat.) He brought with him a new wife, 11 surveyors and 25 labourers.
By the end of 1846 the pegs were being established. At that time, the sea covered much of the level ground, the swamps were fed from descending streams, and what was to be the principal street (Princes St through the Octagon to George St) was cut in two by a steep hill.
Of course, it wasn't Kettle's task to make the streets, just lay them out! Rennie's plan had been to have builders and labourers follow behind, but he was gone from the Lay Association in Scotland. To add to the difficulties of preparation, communications were so slow between the UK and NZ, and Wellington and Otago, that Wakefield found out the impending departure of the two first ships just before they left, and the boat he sent to Otago with stores and building materials arrived not long before the settlers.
"Dunedin", instead of 'New Edinburgh', had been chosen as the name of the new town in the promised land. It was the Celtic form of 'Edinburgh', and was part of the movement against establishing 'new' cities which had been current, eg New York. The two ships had sailed separately, the 'John Wickliffe' leaving Gravesend on the 24th November, 1847, and the 'Philip Laing' leaving Greenock three days later. The former carried Captain Cargill, 97 emigrants and a large quantity of stores. A majority of her passengers were not Free Kirkers, but Church of England (showing how difficult it had been to sell the idea of leaving everything for a foreign land to enough Scots). The 'Philip Laing' was only a little boat (450 tons), carrying 247 passengers. In charge was the Rev Thomas Burns. It would be a voyage of 117 days, during which there was no land in sight! She finally arrived on the 15th April, 1848, three weeks after the 'John Wickliffe'.
Life on board the 'Philip Laing' was disciplined and ordered. The emigrants rose at 6.30 am, roll-call 7.30 am, then quarters cleaned. Breakfast followed, then morning worship at 10.30 am. There were 93 children under 14, so they had school at 11 am, under the supervision of the Schoolmaster, James Blackie. Lunch followed, then, after free-time, school was re-called at 4 pm. Steerage passengers had tea at 5.30 pm, the cabin party at 6.30 pm. Evening worship brought the day to a close. And weekly rations for the steerage passengers:
51/4 lbs hard ship's biscuits; 31/2 lbs flour; 1lb beef; 11/2 lbs prime mess pork; 1lb preserved meat; 1lb rice; 1lb barley; 1/2 lb raisins; 3 oz suet; 1 pint peas; 1 oz tea; 11/2 oz coffee; 3/4 lb sugar; 7 oz butter; 1/2 pint vinegar or pickles; 2 oz salt; 1/2 oz mustard; 21 quarts water; 31/2 pounds potatoes.
Steerage passengers had paid 16 guineas passage money, cabin passengers from 35 guineas upwards.The 'John Wickliffe' had arrived off the coast opposite Saddle Hill on the 21st March, and finally entered the Harbour, accompanied by Kettle and Richard Henry Driver, the 'pilot', on the 23rd. The women and children stayed for a time on board while the men made their way to the town site, hastening to erect barracks on the beach, a jetty, a store (although a lot of the cargo had to stay covered in tarpaulins on the beach for a time). While building went on, the men lived in the bush, or in tents. Thankfully the weather was settled. One labourer wrote: "If I had been in Scotland, I would have been dead. I lived several nights in the bush, but found no ill effects from it."
Two sets of barracks were eventually built, one for the Scottish, the other for the English colonists. The 'Philip Laing' barracks were much larger, and divided into three: married couples in the middle, unmarried men and women at separate ends. Partly pre-fabricated cottages had been brought out for the leaders, and these were erected. The first note for the new settlement was struck by Captain Cargill, the 'father' and leader, when he addressed a united meeting of his pioneers: "My friends, it is a fact that the eyes of the British Empire, and I may say of Europe and America, are upon us. The rulers of our great country have struck out a system of colonization on liberal and enlightened principles. And small as we now are, we are the pre-cursors of the first settlement which is to put that settlement to the test."
"Robby Burns Statue" on Octagon
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Youth for Innovation for Trust (YIT) promotes youth development through social innovation.
YIT provides innovative solutions to problems faced by youth. YIT acknowledges that young women are at the center of development, whilst creating active global citizens by facilitating a critical thinking culture.
Headquartered in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, Youth for Innovation Trust maximizes on new media to reach out to youth across the country to encourage informed participation in political and socio-economic processes. YIT values the culture of volunteerism and is dedicated to investing in young people with a strong vision for positive social change to develop their personal skills and improve livelihoods.
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The Geek approach to Sustainable Development is a project that provides a combination of skills that elevates young people to a position where they are able to dictate their ability to access information and use it to improve their socio-economic status. The key phrase is "Creating Active Global Citizens". The project brings relevant aspects of Information Communication Technologies to specific youth groups using three different tenets: the technovation challenge, the hour of code and the motherboard project. Strategies under this project include mentorship, capacity building and strategic fundraising. Some of the activities that have been held include hackathons and innovations expo.


Now you just have to write the story.
Categories: Friday Prompts, Writing | Tags: gorilla, writing prompt | Permalink.
My question is: does the gorilla play the saxophone by using the baloons, or does he just play it with his fingers while surrounded by baloons?
I hope at least the gorilla is playing saxophone while floating in the air, suspended by a bunch of balloons.
The idea of the primate massaging a balloon attached to a saxophone to play Take Five feels a little cheap.


KANSAS CITY, Mo. -- The Chiefs offense led by second-year quarterback Patrick Mahomes has been stellar. However, the defense is quite another story.
The defensive unit has been without Chiefs all-pro safety Eric Berry, and it's definitely showed.
They gave up 37 points and allowed Steelers quarterback Ben Roethlisberger to pass for 452 yards. And, Big Ben dropped back to pass 60 times. The Chiefs defense managed just one sack.
For all of the effort the offense has put in with Mahomes' six-touchdown performance, and 10 touchdowns in the first two games of the season, setting an all-time NFL record for most in the first two games.
Those performances were almost undone by the defense.
Head coach Andy Reid found positive things to focus on during Monday afternoon's press conference.
"That second half, our guys did not get weaker on defense at all," Reid said. "They had 54 snaps in the first half. And then, the second half, they come out and, you know, I thought we were strong through that second half."


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Holland & Barrett chief urges supermarkets to ban plastic bags
By Suzanne Bearne2012-08-01T09:16:00+01:00
Holland & Barrett's boss has called on supermarkets to follow its lead and ban plastic bags following data showing grocers' plastic bags usage was on the rise.
The health food retailer banned plastic bags across all of its stores in January 2010, replacing them with reusable fabric and paper bags.
Following research from waste reduction body Waste & Resources Action Programme (WRAP), which found that UK supermarket customers used almost 8 billion carrier bags in 2011, up 5.4% on 2010, Holland & Barrett chief executive Peter Aldis, has urged supermarkets to ban plastic bags.
"Many retailers introduced half measures such as charging for plastic bags in a bid to encourage customers to shy away from using them," he said. "But no-one else stepped up to the mark and banned plastic bags all together. We have proven it can be done, and 800,000 customers who shop with us every week have praised us for it."
Aldis also said he would support a move by the government to introduce of a tax on plastic bags.
"It is rare for a retailer to call for more taxes, but I would encourage the government to use tax pressures on retailers as other countries have proved it is purely a cultural change with the public that is required to achieve success," he said.
Figures by WRAP showed that plastic bag usage in Wales had fallen by 22% after a minimum 5p levy was introduced.
Need to know: The new 5p charge on single-use plastic bags
From next Monday, large retailers in England must charge at least 5p for single-use plastic bags, under new Government rules.
Carrier bag charges in England: a missed opportunity to deliver real change
England will be the last UK nation to introduce a 5p charge for single-use plastic carrier bags on October 5.
Holland & Barrett profit up as sister company Julian Graves remains in administration
Health and beauty retailer Holland & Barrett has posted a pretax profit surge of 19.4% to £60m, a day after its sister company Julian Graves collapsed into administration.
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Boots launches 'biggest ever savings' to help customers with cost-of-living crisis
Boots is offering its biggest-ever savings on products this winter to help customers save during the cost-of-living crisis.
THG appoints new finance boss as Gallemore switches roles
Online retailer THG has named a new chief financial officer as the previous postholder John Gallemore changes responsibilities.


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Based on the true story of three dramatic days in April 1940, where the King of Norway is presented with an unimaginable ultimatum from the German armed forces: surrender or die. With Nazi soldiers hunting after them, the Royal Family is forced to flee the capital. In the best interest of the family, the Crown Princess Märtha leaves Norway with the children to seek refuge in Sweden, whilst King Haakon and the Crown Prince Olav flee to a small farming area just outside Elverum and meet the Germans head on. After three days of desperately trying to evade the Germans, King Haakon makes his final decision. He refuses to capitulate, even if it may cost him, his family and many Norwegians their lives.


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Faculty Profile: Shubha Pathak
You are here: American University College of Arts & Sciences Faculty Shubha Pathak
Shubha Pathak Associate Professor Philosophy & Religion
CAS - Philosophy and Religion
Battelle Tompkins - 113
Tuesdays and Fridays, 4:00–5:00 p.m., and by appointment
AM (divinity), PhD (history of religions), University of Chicago Divinity School; PhD (social and behavioral sciences), Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health; AB (religion), Princeton University
Shubha Pathak is a historian of religions who interprets myths from India, Greece, and Rome. In her research and teaching, she compares Greco-Roman and Indian epics in their original and later literary forms to illuminate their paradigmatic pantheons and their authors' creative understandings of their places in their universes. Her monograph, Divine Yet Human Epics: Reflections of Poetic Rulers from Ancient Greece and India (Center for Hellenic Studies, Trustees for Harvard University, 2014), shows how divinity-favored and -favoring bardic kings in the primary Greek and Sanskrit epics articulate and address their respective audiences' existential needs. Her edited volume, Figuring Religions: Comparing Ideas, Images, and Activities (State University of New York Press, 2013), demonstrates the methodological advances made by applying metaphor and metonymy theories in comparative religious studies.
Shubha Pathak's ORCID record
RELG-245 Stories of South Asia
RELG-225 Meaning & Purpose in the Arts
RELG-473 Hinduism
Past Chair (with Professor Patton Burchett, College of William & Mary, as Chair), Hinduism Unit
American Comparative Literature Association
American Oriental Society
Modern Language Association of America
Society for Classical Studies
Chair, Committee on Public Information and Media Relations, Communications and Outreach Division; Past Member, Committee on the Classical Tradition and Reception, Outreach Division
Renaissance Society of America
Scholarly, Creative & Professional Activities
The philosophical, psychological, and religious aspects of epic poetry and literary creativity; comparative philosophy and comparative religion; literary criticism; and contemporary psychological theories.
Grants and Sponsored Research
2016–17 College of Arts and Sciences Mellon Faculty Development Fund Grant, American University.
2010–11 Faculty Research Award, Office of Academic Affairs, American University.
2008–9 College of Arts and Sciences Mellon Faculty Development Fund Grant, American University.
Divine Yet Human Epics: Reflections of Poetic Rulers from Ancient Greece and India. Washington: Center for Hellenic Studies, Trustees for Harvard University; Cambridge: distributed by Harvard University Press, 2014.
Figuring Religions: Comparing Ideas, Images, and Activities (edited volume). Albany: State University of New York Press, 2013.
"Shubha Pathak on 'What does philosophy of religion offer to the modern university?'" Philosophy of Religion: big question philosophy for scholars and students (Web log). March 15, 2016.
"Why People Need Epics: Terming and Learning from the Divine Yet Human." Classics@ 12 (2015).
"Why Do Displaced Kings Become Poets in the Sanskrit Epics? Modeling Dharma in the Affirmative Rāmāyaṇa and the Interrogative Mahābhārata." International Journal of Hindu Studies 10, no. 2 (2006): 127–49.


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If we have developed the wiring for a certain orientation, or if we rely upon one side of our prefrontal cortex, does that mean that we are stuck? No! We can rewire our brains to navigate life more effectively and become more of someone others want to follow.
Personal & Leadership Development: Why Focus on Mindsets and Not Behaviors?
Rather than focusing on lists that tell us how we should act or behave, a much better approach when improving ourselves and our leadership is to focus on our mindsets.
The reality is that each of us, in our own ways, are engaging in fully justified thinking and actions that are ultimately limiting our experience, effectiveness, and performance.


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Meet the Mendeley Data advisory board: Amy Neeser
July 22, 2019 July 22, 2019 sallyransomLeave a comment
In this series of interviews, we meet some of the members of the Mendeley Data advisory board and get their thoughts on the role of research data management (RDM), and how Mendeley Data can contribute to this.
Name: Amy Neeser
Job Title: Consulting and Outreach Lead at University California Berkeley (UC Berkeley)
Bio: Amy is a data librarian working in Research IT. She coordinates the consulting efforts across the Data Management and Research Computing programs to offer a holistic approach to data and computation. She also facilitates their community, partnership, and outreach programs. She previously worked as the Research Data Management Program Manager at UC Berkeley, as Data Curation Librarian at the University of Michigan, and as a science librarian at the University of Minnesota.
What motivates you each morning?
I am passionate about research. I love that I get to help enable world changing research by helping Berkeley faculty, students, and staff address the challenges and opportunities associated with research data and computing.
What challenges do you want to see RDM fix?
There are two main things really. In terms of practicality, I would love to see RDM really focus on sensitive data needs. Currently this is often managed at an institutional level, but it would make a huge impact if there was a nationwide, or product-based solution that could address this. That would be huge.
Secondly, I think RDM is vital for reproducibility. Technologies like containers and Jupyter Notebooks enable users to share not only their data but also the software, versions, and specs to analyze it. As these types of technologies data management practices become more commonly used, it will be much easier to share and reproduce results!
What excites you most about Mendeley Data?
I like how the different modules and features available can easily interact with each other. And it's practical, supporting the data management process.
I feel that Mendeley Data Repository can help institutions address the reproducibility crisis, and it can save the need for institutions to create a repository at a local level.
What do you think the future holds for RDM?
I don't think RDM can or should be "owned" by one unit or department, such as the library. It's too big an area to be managed alone, and different players bring difference expertise and experience. It calls for a combined effort.
A lot of the questions that I get are in the active phase of the research lifecycle and often include sensitive data. IT can help with these issues, but also needs the library's expertise around the beginning (planning, finding) and end (publishing, sharing, preserving) of the research lifecycle to provide researchers with a holistic approach to their scholarship.
More researchers from across domains use data and computational resources, and I think IT must be closely aligned with the library and other important players on campus such as the office of research.
Find out more about Mendeley Data here.
Meet other members of the Mendeley Data advisory board here.
Meet the Mendeley Data advisory board: David Groenewegen
Name: David Groenewegen
Job Title: Director, Research, Monash University Library
Bio: David Groenewegen is the Director, Research. He is responsible for Library client services to the science, technology, engineering and medicine disciplines at Monash University, as well as the contribution the Library makes to the University's research activity.
David has wide-ranging experience working in the areas of electronic information provision and related technology. Before returning to Monash University Library in 2013 he spent four years as a Director of the Australian National Data Service, where he was involved with the development and implementation of data management solutions across the Australian university sector.
The thing I most love doing is trying to find ways to help our researchers do their job better, which in the library means giving them the tools, training and resources they need, at the time they need it, and in ways that simplifies their life, not complicates it. I've been lucky to have the chance to try lots of new and cool things in my career, and I'm always looking for the next one.
I want things to become frictionless. I'd like to see software that's smart enough to understand the subtleties of where data is stored and create that connect with other software and processes throughout the researcher lifecycle. This would really help to overcome the messiness caused by having information all over the place.
One valuable thing that Mendeley Data is trying to address is how to bring data together, and manage it in a consistent end-to-end way. But for me, the modular aspect of Mendeley Data is the most exciting part. You're not locked into one solution, instead you're able to plug in different Mendeley Data modules into your own workflows – it's the way universities like ours want to work
The need for RDM is well known, but there are still a lot of people struggling with finding the most frictionless way of doing things. Bespoke software might appear to be the best solution, but often this won't work fantastically well, as integrating new processes into existing workflows isn't easy. RDM isn't as simple as storing data in a repository. I'm seeing growing recognition of the need to curate data and package it up for later use, so that others can get a decent answer out of it. Most of the tools currently available don't support this very well.
Following on from this, long-term curation and management of shared data is also a key area I'd like to see develop. What was considered a lot of data 10 years ago isn't now, but it's not feasible to continue buying more storage so that we can keep everything just in case. Improving metadata goes a long way towards addressing this as it enables you to make quick decisions later on, but I'd like to see new processes developed that help us to identify if we no longer require to hold certain data.
Meet the Mendeley Data advisory board: Rebecca Koskela
Sharing research data has the potential to make research more reproducible and efficient. When developing Mendeley Data – an ecosystem that enables data to be stored, shared and re-used – we worked with a board of librarians and research leaders from across the research data management community.
Name: Rebecca Koskela
Job Title: Executive Director of DataONE at University of New Mexico
Bio: Rebecca Koskela is responsible for the day-to-day operation of DataONE—coordinating all technical, management, reporting, and budget issues.
Prior to her current position, Rebecca was the Life Sciences Informatics Manager for Alaska INBRE, and the Biostatistics and Epidemiology Core Manager for the Center for Alaska Native Health Research at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. In addition to her bioinformatics experience, Rebecca has over 25 years' of experience in high performance computing, including positions at Sandia National Laboratories, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Cray Research and Intel.
In addition to duties at DataONE, I'm a volunteer for other projects, such as EarthCube and Research Data Alliance, which are also concerned with research data management. The collaboration with these other projects moves them all forward.
There are two main challenges that I'd like to see addressed more quickly.
It's great that more and more funding agencies are requiring data management plans, but I think we're lagging in the development of tools to help people do the actual planning.
I also still see problems today around data discovery and the need for adequate documentations to re-use data. In 2010, we carried out a survey at DataONE which found that researchers had limited understandings of metadata standard. Unfortunately, even with the emphasis on FAIR data, we still have a long way to go to highlight the significance of metadata.
The thing that stands out to me the most about Mendeley Data is that, contrary to what people may think, Elsevier doesn't own the data – it remains in the control of the researcher. I love that.
I also really like the fact that users can pick and choose which modules they'd like to use. This means that you can get started somewhere, and have the option to expand into other RDM tools when it suits you, instead of having to start using everything from the offset.
What value does Mendeley Data bring to the space?
Mendeley Data is all about education – it helps people learn what is meant by RDM, and then provides the tools to do it.
I also like the fact that you can manage different metadata standards with Mendeley Data. It's a good quality product built on strong coding.
I hope that people will pay attention to the need for quality metadata. I'd like to see better tools being developed that will speed up change here.
I also think that education needs to play at important part in RDM – it should go hand-in-hand with tool creation. I also want to see some success stories that show how added effort can really pay off.
Advisor of the month: Ahmad Samir Alfaar
July 3, 2019 September 18, 2019 Rachel BrennesholtzLeave a comment
Dr. Ahmed Samir Alfaar
How did you get into your field and what is your research story?
My cousins had a home library full with science fiction stories that encouraged me to read more about science, my mother was a high school mathematics teacher that used to build models for teaching, I started to read early in biology and by the end of high school I decided to be a physician that practices medicine and does research. I entered medical school, finding no chances for practicing research for students, I decided to practice programming and by the end of medical school I decided to specialize in Ophthalmology and medical/biomedical informatics. I was called to participate in founding the research department at Children's Cancer Hospital, Egypt in 2008. The team we built created a great environment to learn more about clinical and biomedical research, so I specialized in ophthalmic oncology research. We have gained knowledge together in many aspects and identified the areas that need development in ourselves. After three years, I have been assigned as a head of the research education unit. I have designed and organized multiple training programs for students, early graduates and hospital staff training on clinical research. After finishing my diploma of informatics, Master of science in ophthalmology and Master science of Advanced oncology, I decided to pursue my PhD in molecular medicine and integrated my informatics knowledge in that. Due to the delay in starting my PhD, I have completed another doctorate degree for physicians (Dr. med.) and now I am conducting a second doctorate degree (MD/PhD in Neuroscience) at Charité Universtätsmedizin – Berlin and Humboldt University International Graduate School of Neuroscience. My current research focuses on the underlying mechanisms of Retinal degenerative diseases beside many other topics.
Where do you do your research? What kind of environment suits you?
I have found that the best place for production is the garden and on the train. However, I lack power supply in the garden, my laptop does not last for very long disconnected and I do not travel that often to allow myself to work on trains, so I find myself obliged to accept working at my desk.
The best environment for research, for me, is open space where I work with students, colleagues and other physicians, sharing knowledge freely, teaching and discussing clinical and biological dilemmas without limits or sensitivities. In any place I plan to work I install a big white board for describing, modelling, sharing and breeding ideas, sometimes, over years.
How long have you been using Mendeley?
Over 10 years, since its first beta versions.
What were you using prior to Mendeley and how does Mendeley influence your research?
Before Mendeley I was using Zotero. Zotero was a great move in the field of citation management after classic ones like Endnote. However, Mendeley represented the first user-oriented, user-friendly, and of course free, software. Its learning curve was extremely steep. Before that, researchers required longer time to learn the software, build their own library, and cite within the documents. Mendeley accelerated my speed of organization, annotation and writing and submission of manuscripts. These findings were noticed also by my students and colleagues whom I taught Mendeley. Moreover, it allowed hundreds of my students to collaborate effectively on publications and scientific documents over the last 10 years. Such web 2.0 features were unique in Mendeley.
Why did you decide to become an Advisor and how are you involved with the program?
I was teaching Mendeley before being an Advisor. Being a Mendeley Advisor means I am updated about feature-releases early and supported with teaching materials. Moreover, it allowed me to be recognized by those who want to learn about the software. A more valuable reason was the storage space given to Advisors. This allowed me to build large number of groups during the big courses that I was organising, to evaluate participants' progress, and to practice with them till the publications get published.
What researcher would you like to work with or meet, dead or alive?
From the last 100 years; Alfred G. Knudson Jr, and from the last 1000 years; Ibn Al-Haytham.
Besides, many people that impressed me by their art of organised depiction starting from nominal observations.
What book are you reading at the moment?
Behave, by Robert Sapolsky. It provides a perspective of a scientist on the triggers and development of human behaviour and the potential relation to other creatures.
What's the most interesting thing you've learned this week?
Working in research raises the threshold of signals that can be named interesting. It teaches you to doubt everything. Everything requires re-analysis even what very reputable outlets broadcast.
What is the best part about working in research?
You keep asking, diving in the space of answers, you keep mutating and breeding your questions, evaluating your question, however, no answer is satisfying, but you report your position and enjoy the game.
And the most challenging part about working in research?
To convince humans of something they cannot model (imagine) and to form holes in their conflicts of interest.
What is one Mendeley "ProTip" you have?
Drag, drop, show me your paper
Dr. Ahmed Samir Alfaar, is a physician (ophthalmologist), informatician, medical educator, patients' advocate and clinical research expert. He was graduated from Cairo University Medical School in 2005. He received PPCR Clinical research certificate from Harvard University in 2009, Certificate of E-Learning Development from Inwent-GIZ in 2009, Diploma in Informatics from Helwan University in 2010, Master of science in Ophthalmology in 2012, and Masters of Science in Advanced Oncology from Ulm University in 2014. Ahmed worked as a clinical research specialist in Retinoblastoma and Pediatric solid tumors between 2008 and 2014 in the Children's Cancer Hospital – Egypt, and the head of research education unit between 2011 and 2014.
He moved to Berlin in 2015 to work in the experimental ophthalmology department, Charité Universtätsmedizin-Berlin and received his first doctorate degree (Dr. med.) in Ocular Oncology in 2018 and since 2017 he has been studying for MD/PhD degree in the International Graduate School of Medical Neuroscience, Humboldt University and Charité Universtätsmedizin-Berlin.
Ahmed has received multiple awards and grants for his activities in research and education.
He has been a Mendeley advisor since September 2012, one of the first advisors in Egypt, and taught referencing management using Mendeley to hundreds of students worldwide.
Further details can be found on:
Website: http://www.ahmadsamir.com/
Mendeley Profile: https://j.mp/AlfaarMEND
LinkedIn: https://j.mp/AlfaarIN
ResearchGate: https://j.mp/AlfaarRG
Interested in becoming a Mendeley Advisor yourself? Find out more about the Advisor Community here
Advisor of the month: Serge Kameni Leugoue
July 3, 2019 July 8, 2019 Rachel BrennesholtzLeave a comment
Editor's note: Serge helped welcome our 10,000th Advisor-generated user of 2019 in early June.
I am involved in animal sciences, particularly animal reproduction research. I came across this research field because of my will to improve livestock practice in sub-Saharan Africa and especially in Cameroon. As a matter of fact, livestock remains labour intensive, leading to poor yield and subsequent insufficiency in protein availability on market regardless of the hard work of farmers. Furthermore, they solely rely on natural mating which limits their profits. Despite being on increasing pressure to farm as cost effective as possible, and taking into account the rapid increasing of population, producers are facing a critical challenge which on my view can be tackled using assisted reproductive techniques. My background is biology, indeed I obtained my bachelor with a major in animal physiology at the University of Dschang, Cameroon. I started a master's in plant pharmacology, but I rapidly switched to animal sciences and I moved to South Africa, to the University of Stellenbosch where I have refined my knowledge and lab practice in animal sciences close to Dr. Helet Lambretchs who gave me, in collaboration with Dr. Gilbert Ateufack from the University of Dschang, the opportunity to be part of the amazing voyage to the unknown reality that science allows to illuminate. I am a PhD student in animal sciences at the University of Dschang, Cameroon and my research project focuses on small ruminant's assisted reproduction. Currently, I am on a research stay at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy, where we are working on the development of biodegradable food packaging.
Where do you do your research?
The research I am involved in requires me to be outside for sample collection and to be in the lab for analysis. I am at my ease in both sites, but I generally prefer to be outside because I can browse and appreciate the beautiful landscapes of Africa in miniature – Cameroon and breathe some fresh air.
I have been on Mendeley since 2015. Indeed, I was introduced to the software at the beginning of my master studies in South Africa by the librarian in charge of the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Stellenbosch and have used it ever since. I want to say thanks again to Yusuf, the librarian, it has been of great help and it's still the case.
Before Mendeley, I was using the MS Word reference. Of course, it wasn't that efficient. I remembered one day that my system crashed, I lost all my resources and I had to rebuild it from the beginning.
Mendeley has drastically changed my research, now I am safe from losing my resources, I can access them anytime and anywhere, and I receive consistent suggestions of research papers – no need to browse the whole internet to stay updated. In addition, I can connect with others, find careers and funding opportunities.
Why did you decide to become an Advisor?
I am part of those who believe that right tools should be shared with others. For me, Mendeley is one of these excellent tools, that is the reason why I decided to become an Advisor and assist others to be more efficient by optimizing their research work with Mendeley.
Tu Youyou. She is the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize in 2015 for her work in creating an anti-malaria drug that saved millions of lives in Asia and Africa. She relied on traditional Chinese medicine in her discovery of artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin, which have helped significantly improve the health of people living in tropical climates. She made me think of the year I worked in plant pharmacology.
What book are you reading at the moment and why?
The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot. Recently, I attended a training course in France where we discussed cell culture and of course Hela cells. I then dug a bit about the origin of those cells and I found that they were derived from the cancer cells of Henrietta Lacks. The title of this book is just fascinating "immortal life" it effectively highlights how we have been moved forward with research – opening novel perspectives.
Life is really an adventure and should not be taken as a long and calm stream. Whatever the challenge you meet, keep going, you won't win anytime but do your best.
Without hesitation, being at the forefront of pushing the world forward by trying to improve living conditions, bringing your own stone to the big building.
Patience, nowadays being patient is not that a shared value, especially when working in a team, yet research that produce actionable results requires time, thus patience.
Being able to import the resources straight to the appropriate folder of the library using the web plugin. It's really time saving as you can import and tidy up everything at once. I think also being able to share your unpublished data is an important point as generally most of the research is not published, but at least you can share it with others.
Serge's Biography :
I obtained my High School certificate with a major in mathematics and physics and I then jumped in to university where I received my Bachelor Degree in Animal Physiology from the University of Dschang, Cameroon in 2011. I received my Postgraduate Diploma in 2012 and I moved to the University of Stellenbosch in the Republic of South Africa for a one-year research stay. Back in Cameroon, I completed my MSc in 2015 in the same field as my bachelor. While being a full-time PhD student at the University Dschang in Cameroon, I am currently on a 6-month research stay at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia in Italy.
I am a member of the Cameroon Forum for Biological Sciences (CAFOBIOS).
I am a Mendeley Advisor!!!
I share a special interest for environment protection, so I am involved in several NGOs as United voices to Serve Forests and Environment (USFE) International, which is an organization that design and implement actions towards environment preservation.
I am an amateur chess player.
Meet the Team: Maggie Brade, Executive Assistant/Office Manager
Name: Maggie Brade
Job title: Executive Assistant/Office Manager
In this Meet the Team, we introduce you to Mendeley's Office Manager, Maggie. Maggie is pivotal in making sure the Mendeley office runs smoothly, and that members of Team Mendeley have a happy and productive environment to work in (as well as keeping everyone well in check!) She also assists Mendeley's Managing Director, Gaby Appleton and Elsevier's SVP of Research Applications, Elisabeth Ling.
I am a single parent to a wonderful 15-year old son. I have been in administration for the past 7 years, previously I was a chef for 12 years working up to the rank of Sous chef. I am amazingly funny and I am great person to get to know. (Editor's note: WE ALL AGREE. Maggie is great)
When did you join Mendeley?
6th November 2018.
What do you love most about your job?
The variety of it all – no two days are the same!
How Not to Be a Boy by Robert Webb.
What's one thing you want people to know about Mendeley?
Mendeley has a diverse and eclectic team which I find works really well in this office environment, and shows what a down to earth a company it is.
Gaby Appleton is an amazing person to work for and her passion for Mendeley is inspiring. (She didn't pay me to say that). Whilst we're in different offices, working with Elisabeth is also great – she is just as amazing as Gaby when it comes to understanding her team, and us working together.
How would you explain your job to a stranger on a bus?
Why would I be explaining my job to a stranger? I support two managing directors with their diary commitments and other responsibilities which helps them manage the work day. I also manage the London Mendeley office, AlphaBeta.
What's the most exciting part of your job?
Helping and liaising with my executive assistant colleagues and getting to know all staff here at AlphaBeta.
What keeps you awake at night?
Nothing, my conscience is clear LOL.
How amazingly good I am at my job. 😊
Find out more about all things Mendeley at mendeley.com
Supporting the movement toward gender equity in STEM
July 1, 2019 July 1, 2019 sallyransomLeave a comment
Diverse faculties are vital. In research, they bring different perspectives to bear on projects, supporting innovation and discovery. In education, they foster a greater range of young minds thanks to their broader understanding of marginalization and privilege. While some advances toward gender equity in STEM faculties have been made, women remain greatly under-represented, particularly women of color.
The Association for Women in Science (AWIS) recognizes the serious long-term impact of this lack of diverse perspectives in research and education. They're working toward equity in STEM, and this year, they've launched an exciting initiative to further that crucial goal: the ADVANCE Resource and Coordination (ARC) Network Community. It is intended to bring together diverse audiences, including scholars, educators, practitioners and researchers, to collaborate on, discuss and implement change.
At Mendeley, we firmly believe in the goals of the AWIS and are proud to be supporting them. We have created a new dedicated online group for the ARC Network to help members from across the globe connect. They can share both ideas and resources, including reports, articles, datasets and videos, as well as organizing online events and learning opportunities.
In addition, Elsevier's preprint service SSRN will host a dedicated STEM First Look series to support the initiative. This will be a quarterly digest of STEM equity content and early-stage research, including presentations, white papers, videos, podcasts and webinars.
Mendeley and SSRN are designed for connection, sharing and collaboration, and that's exactly what the ARC Network needed when they approached us. As Dr. Heather Metcalf, AWIS Chief Research Officer and ARC Network Principal Investigator explains, "with the online research collaboration tools generously provided by Elsevier, the ARC Network will facilitate the early adoption and implementation of promising practices and sharing of new research findings. Providing these opportunities broadens our collective impact on STEM equity in unprecedented ways."
Gaby Appleton, Managing Director of Mendeley and Researcher Products said of the collaboration "Supporting researchers and educators is the core vision for Mendeley. We're delighted to be part of the ARC Network initiative because it means supporting a healthy future for scholarship and innovation in STEM."
Find out more about AWIS here and their ADVANCE Resource and Coordination (ARC) Network Community here
Find out more about SSRN here


An artist's impression of Hualianceratops wucaiwanensis, a newly discovered ancestral cousin of Triceratops.
The Jurassic fossil indicates that Triceratops' ancestors diversified earlier than previously thought, a new study suggests.
A newly discovered dog-sized relative to Triceratops had a showy skull covered with mysterious bumps of bone.
The newly discovered dinosaur is named Hualianceratops wucaiwanensis ("ornamental face") after its facial furrows. Its remains are about 160 million years old, researchers report Wednesday in PLoS ONE, making this one of the oldest ceratopsians—the group of dinosaurs that includes Triceratops—ever found.
Despite Hualianceratops' "ornamental" name, the researchers don't know what function its bone bumps served. But study co-author Jim Clark of George Washington University suspects that they're evolutionary holdovers from ceratopsians' ancestors, which also sired the knobby-skulled pachycephalosaurs.
Longrich, for one, suggests that Hualianceratops' skull furrows could have protected facial blood vessels from injury. He notes that similar bony bumps form on the skulls of giraffes and muskoxen, which fight among themselves for mates and territory.
The study describing Hualianceratops also rearranges the dinosaur family tree, suggesting that at least five different lineages of ceratopsians walked the earth more than 150 million years ago in an unexpectedly early burst of dinosaur diversification.
"It just shows how little we know and how much is left to discover, especially in the Jurassic," says Clark,who coauthored the study with support from the National Geographic Society.
The fossils were first recovered in 2002 by a joint Chinese-American expedition to northwestern China's Shishugou Formation, a site dated to the late Jurassic. Previous visits had yielded many remains of Yinlong downsi, a sheep-sized ancestral cousin of Triceratops that ran around on two legs and nibbled on vegetation with its parrot-like jaw.
But among the Yinlong remains, researchers found an enigmatic, poorly preserved skull and part of a hind foot. At the time, the oddball fossils aroused faint suspicions among the team's paleontologists, but they relegated the finds to the Yinlong drawers in Beijing's Institute for Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, where they would gather dust for the next 12 years.
In 2014, however, Fenglu Han of the Chinese University of Geosciences reexamined the remains as part of his Ph.D. research, and found that the bones were hiding extra secrets. Gnarled, furrowed bumps dotted every skull fragment's surface, forming a much more extreme bone texture than Yinlong had ever sported. And a closer look at the specimen's jaw revealed that it was much beefier than Yinlong's.
Han quickly realized that the skull belonged to a new species closely related to Yinlong, a revelation that has Han and his colleagues excited about what untold species are still hiding in the world's museums.


As a woman who works, the existence of a bag really helps them. Therefore, the bag can be a carrier of all the goods they need. Bags can also balance their style in the office. So, they will be very careful in choosing the ladies briefcase that they will use in the office. It would be nice if they could use the right bag in their office.
Bags that are too heavy and the wrong way to carry a bag can be a cause of increased risk of scoliosis, body posture will be bent, headaches and osteoarthritis, joint damage and anxiety can be a bad impact from carrying the wrong bag and heavy burden and trauma to the nerves.
It is not recommended to use bags only on one side. Because this can cause the muscles to work too hard and can worsen your body posture. For that, move the bag from the left shoulder to the right or vice versa every few minutes.
Using a bag that usually only rests on one shoulder makes the whole body rest on one point and will be very burdensome.
For that, the backpack is designed to be carried with both shoulders, so the load is halved and feels lighter.
So that the load is evenly distributed on the shoulder, use a bag with a wide strap. Ideally, use a bag with pads. It is able to accelerate your blood circulation.
With these four tips, you are expected to be able to use the bag correctly and to suit your needs. You also cannot carry a heavy burden because it will make your body feel pain in some parts. parts that will feel pain like your shoulders, back, and muscles. This will cause muscle trauma and stress.


To make recommendations to the Town Council regarding school capacity, school renovations and construction for Town of Jupiter schools. In addition, the task force may address and provide information to the Town Council as to the school age after-care and summer program availability and to evaluate alternatives that might be available should there be a gap in services offered.
Meetings start at 6:00 p.m. and are held in the Town Council Chambers, located at 210 Military Trail, Jupiter, FL 33458. The Public is welcome to attend.
Town incorporated residents with an interest in education. Members may be parents of a student in Jupiter schools. Members shall not be current educators.


The FOREX FORUM INVESTOR.BG an educational conference, dedicated to Forex-trading, will take place on the 22nd of November at Sheraton Hotel in Sofia, Bulgaria. The educational conference "FOREX FORUM INVESTOR.BG" is a major conference project dedicated to the Forex industry in Bulgaria and Europe in general. The organizers are Investor.bg, one of the most competent sources of business and financial information in the region, and the Association of Licensed Investment Intermediaries (BALII) and management companies, and the Bulgarian Stock Exchange – Sofia.
The "FOREX FORUM INVESTOR.BG" is a unique event for the investment community, which happens for the second consecutive year, gathering a large number of investors and exhibitors from all over Bulgaria and Europe. Among the participants of the exhibition are individual investors/traders, professional investors in the field of FX and other business, financial managers with interest in currency transactions and experts from the banking and financial sectors. As a traditional and long established company in Forex trading, TeleTrade will participate in the event presenting its successful, reliable and awarded Forex trading platform.
The conference program will cover topics on FX Trading Strategies, Indices & Commodities, Trading Psychology, Investments and Fundamentals Analysis, Investing in Shares and ETF's, Money Management, Hedging and other interesting and populate topics. Visitors will also have the great opportunity to meet with our expert Forex professionals at our specially developed presentation stand in the foyer of the conference rooms. TeleTrade offers to visitors the chance to attend unique presentations from experts in the field and the opportunity for one-to-one discussions with our professional team.


Concept Reference: Thoma, R. F., Z. A. Loughman, and J. W. Fetzner Jr. 2014. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) callainus, a new species of crayfish (Decapoda: Cambariade) from the Big Sandy River basin in Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia, USA. Zootaxa 3900(4):541?554.
Taxonomic Comments: Formerly recognized as Cambarus veteranus.
Reasons: Cambarus callainus appears to have been lost from over 70% of its historic range in the past half century (Thoma 2009, 2010; Loughman 2013) (Thoma et al. 2014). Although the species still occupies sites located throughout the breadth of its historical range, the remaining sites are significantly reduced to only the higher elevations within the watersheds; the remaining habitat and populations are threatened by a variety of factors acting in combination to reduce the overall viability of the species. The risk of extinction is high because the remaining populations are small and isolated, and because there is limited potential for recolonization (USFWS 2015).
Range Extent Comments: Cambarus callainus is endemic to the Levisa Fork, Tug Fork, and Russell Fork watersheds in the upper Big Sandy River basin of Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia. Kentucky populations occur in Floyd, Johnson, and Pike counties, with animals collected from the mainstem of both Levisa and Russell Forks, Knox Creek, Shelby Creek, Blackberry Creek, and the Tug Fork mainstem. Virginia counties harboring C. callainus include Buchanan, Dickenson, and Wise, with populations occurring in Russell Fork and its tributaries. In Virginia?s Levisa Fork basin, only Dismal Creek harbors the species. In West Virginia, populations have only been recorded from McDowell County in the Tug Fork mainstem and Dry Fork, a major tributary to the latter (Thoma et al. 2014).
Global Range: Cambarus callainus is endemic to the Levisa Fork, Tug Fork, and Russell Fork watersheds in the upper Big Sandy River basin of Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia. Kentucky populations occur in Floyd, Johnson, and Pike counties, with animals collected from the mainstem of both Levisa and Russell Forks, Knox Creek, Shelby Creek, Blackberry Creek, and the Tug Fork mainstem. Virginia counties harboring C. callainus include Buchanan, Dickenson, and Wise, with populations occurring in Russell Fork and its tributaries. In Virginia?s Levisa Fork basin, only Dismal Creek harbors the species. In West Virginia, populations have only been recorded from McDowell County in the Tug Fork mainstem and Dry Fork, a major tributary to the latter (Thoma et al. 2014).
Thoma, R. F., Z. A. Loughman, and J. W. Fetzner Jr. 2014. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) callainus, a new species of crayfish (Decapoda: Cambariade) from the Big Sandy River basin in Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia, USA. Zootaxa 3900(4):541?554.
Thoma, R.F. et al. 2014. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) callainus, a new species of crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the Big Sandy River basin in Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia, USA. Zotaxa 3900 (4): 541-554.
Thoma, R.F., Z.A. Loughman, and J.W. Fetzner Jr. 2014. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) callainus, a new species of crayfish (Decapoda: Cambariade) from the Big Sandy River basin in Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia, USA.


Tennis players have become the second group of paying customers in two years to push actively and with increasing stridency for new, better facilities operated by the Columbia Park and Recreation Association.
Patrons of the association-owned Columbia Tennis Bubble, at the Owen Brown Tennis Club, engaged this month in an e-mail campaign aimed at association administrators and the Columbia Council, which also is the association's board of directors.
The protesters want a permanent, indoor facility to allow year-round play. It is something that has been sought before - and produced the deflatable bubble, which is in its third year of operation.
Gary Kramer, president of the Columbia Tennis Committee, an advisory group to the association that in the past has rarely gone against management positions, is taking a much stronger tack this time.
At the end of last month, Kramer told the Columbia Council during a budget hearing, "It is the fourth quarter with two minutes to play, and tennis cannot get into the game. Someone has put up a brick wall, and 4,000 tennis players are running into it. The council needs to know that outdoor and indoor courts are fully utilized. To get block time [a regular time to play at one facility], it has to be willed to you. How long will [council members] continue to allow access to services to deteriorate?"
Association management has argued for years that its four tennis clubs, at Wilde Lake, Owen Brown, Hobbit's Glen and at the Athletic Club in Harper's Choice village, lose money collectively. A dozen courts are indoors - eight at the bubble, four at the Athletic Club.
But Kramer and his committee argue that with 98,000 tennis visits to association facilities annually, there is no way those facilities can lose money. Kramer challenges the financing mechanism used by association management to allocate money from sales of the Package Plan, its best-selling, family grouping of recreational memberships.
"The tennis allocation is significantly undervalued," he said, noting that 75 percent of Package Plan money goes to fitness centers, with the rest split among golf, tennis and other programs. "Based on the allocation formula, fitness is the only activity that can show a profit. No other activity, including tennis, can ever make a profit."
But Rob Goldman, Columbia Association's vice president for sports and fitness, sticks to the association position, saying he is proud of the array of courts and programs offered, and added: "I know of no permanent, free-standing tennis facility built anywhere in the last 10 years that makes money. That's why bubbles and the like are being built, to keep down expenses."
Kramer and his supporters reply that a properly run, permanent indoor facility could produce as much as $650,000 in revenue, more than enough to justify building it.
Kramer pleaded with the association's 4,000 members to engage in e-mail lobbying.
"We got a very, very strong response," he said. "It was much better than I thought we'd get. [Association management] asked us to stop, in fact."
Goldman said Kramer knows the association agreed last month to do another study of projected use of a tennis facility - seeking to determine demand that would increase revenue if a facility is built.
And with the association's budget for the next two fiscal years still being formulated, Kramer has been told by council members that $20,000 has been penciled in for 2006 for planning a new facility.
Whether that survives remains to be seen, with association leadership concerned over the fate of pending state legislation that would cap the association's annual assessment revenue from Columbia property owners.
Kramer has company in despising the bubble, which he said leaks at times, in addition to occasionally collapsing under heavy snow. It also has to be deflated for repairs.
"There was one day not long ago when you could have hung meat in there. It's cold all the time," said Andrew Washington, a Long Reach village retiree and regular player for 12 years. He e-mailed the association that "as you know ... the bubble is cold, dirty and unhealthy to play tennis."
The tennis players, like rebellious golfers who forced some $650,000 in changes at the association's Hobbit's Glen Golf Club just over a year ago, also are stressing that the association is losing memberships because of crowding and poor conditions.
So crowded are courts at times convenient to most players, wrote Bill Mueller, a former longtime Columbia business executive who lives in western Ellicott City, that an adult team he coaches "ends up having to use high school courts to get appropriate practice."
Mueller said the association's "revenue over time will be significantly impacted if this trend is allowed to continue."
Diane Shawver of Ellicott City, who calls herself "a tennis addict," wrote that "I have been trying to get my block of court time for years and have not been able to do so. I'm thinking of dropping my membership. The block times I do belong to are overcrowded, resulting in play every other week or once a month. I want to be able to play three or four times a week."
Shawver also said she is taking a daughter to Pikesville for lessons because an insufficient amount of practice time is available on Columbia indoor courts. "It just seems as if [the Columbia Association] doesn't seem interesting in grooming younger players."
TENNIS: Last week's article here about the Columbia Association's tennis program erred in the number of indoor courts in the new town. It's nine: five at the Owen Brown tennis bubble, four at the Athletic Club in Harper's Choice village.


text:
Q: Find all rows containing a key and concatenate cell values Here is the sheet that contains datas:

Team           | Hero
---------------+----------------
Avengers       | Captain America
Justice League | Superman
Avengers       | Iron Man
Avengers       | Hulk
Justice League | Green Lantern
Justice League | Batman
Avengers       | Thor
Avengers       | Wolverine

I want to get the names of heroes from Avengers team.
With VLOOKUP function, I got only the first hero of the team, i.e. Captain America :
=VLOOKUP("Avengers";A:B;2;FALSE)

I want to get a comma separated list like Captain America, Iron Man, Hulk, Thor, Wolverine.
How can I do that ?

A: Problem solved using FILTER and JOIN formulas :
Heroes sheet

Team           | Hero
---------------+----------------
Avengers       | Captain America
Justice League | Superman
Avengers       | Iron Man
Avengers       | Hulk
Justice League | Green Lantern
Justice League | Batman
Avengers       | Thor
Avengers       | Wolverine

Teams sheet

Team           | Heroes                                           | Formula
---------------+--------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------
Avengers       | Captain America, Iron Man, Hulk, Thor, Wolverine | =JOIN(", "; FILTER(Heroes!B:B; Heroes!A:A=A2))
Justice League | Superman, Green Lantern, Batman                  | =JOIN(", "; FILTER(Heroes!B:B; Heroes!A:A=A3))

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Dennis W. Billings, 77 of Chattanooga, passed away on Monday, September 3, 2018. He was born in Florence, AL on May 28, 1941, he was the first born of the late William Hubert Billings and Martha Nina Graham. He was a 1959 graduate of Decatur High in Decatur, AL, his boyhood hometown and where he was formerly a self-employed merchant and professional.
He was a U.S. Army Veteran serving as a signal corps instructor and as a Military Intelligence Aerial Photo Interpreter on the U-2 Project. He was a Gideon and member of Wesley Memorial Methodist Church in Chattanooga serving as a teacher and a member of the choir. He was an Eagle Scout and Scout Master.
Dennis was predeceased by two brothers, William Larry and John Lee Billings both of Birmingham and his son, Jeffrey Lee Billings of Chattanooga.
Survivors include Joy Bryant Billings, his kind and loving wife of 29 years; sister, Ann (Larry) Jarrett of Town Creek, AL; two brothers, Jerome Eugene (Sherry) Downs of Greensboro, NC & Thomas Cherry (Debra) Downs of Las Vegas, NV; three daughters, Angelia DeLene (Charles) Christian of Huntsville, AL, Amy Sheryl (Charles) Barnes of Birmingham, AL and Jennifer Lynn (Tom) Vann of Huntsville, AL.
Dennis was a farm boy until age 11 when he started delivering newspapers and promoted to Carrier Manager, Photographer and Sports Reporter for the Decatur Daily until graduating from high school. He attended the University of Alabama at Huntsville, and obtained a Gemologist degree from Gemological Institute of America.
He was owner and manager of Diamond Jewelry, and a manager of Mason Jewelry of Huntsville, AL and managed Rose Jewelry of Decatur, AL. He was owner and manager of Cecil Teague Insurance Adjusters of Decatur and Billings and Associates Adjusters of Huntsville and Chattanooga. He served as a Claim Office Superintendent for State Farm in Akins, SC, Gay & Taylor in Chattanooga and Savannah, GA and former President of Chattanooga Claims Association.
After he retired from hard labor at age 55, he took an easy desk job as manager for several hotels and supervising renovations in Chattanooga, Kentucky and Ohio while employed with Sunbest Management Company of Chattanooga. He started Sunbest Technology to export factory equipment and scrap industrial metals.
His hobbies when not working were storytelling, song & poetry writing and gardening. He just didn't have time to complete it all while on his visit to Earth.
The family will receive friends from 2-4 pm at Wesley United Methodist Church on Sunday, September 9. The Reverend Clair Sauer will conduct the service at 4 pm in the church.


text:
Q: UL-LI forced spacing? I am trying to make a simple navigation bar.
This is my HTML:

123

1234

and my CSS:
#navbar ul {
    list-style:none;
}
#navbar ul li {
    display:inline;
    background:green;
    margin:0px;
}

As you can see, the li margin is set to 0px, but there is still spacing between lis. I researched on it, but didn't found anything helpful.
How do I get rid of that spacing? And optionally: What is that spacing?

A: Whitespace around inline or inline-block level elements?
That spacing comes from the fact that you are treating list items as inline elements: therefore, any whitespace between them will be treated, and collapsed into, a single spacebar character. There are several ways to combat this problem, and Chris Coyier wrote a very good piece about it: http://css-tricks.com/fighting-the-space-between-inline-block-elements/
One way is to remove any whitespace between the
 elements: be it using HTML comments, or simply removing them outright:

123

1234

or...

123

1234

Workarounds
However, I recommend that you consider using floats or the latest CSS3 flexbox specification to create horizontal menus. Both workarounds are available as a code snippet at the end of the answer... but do allow me the luxury to explain the proposed solutions:
Not recommended: using font-size: 0 in parent element
While a quick and easy fix, this solution poses problems for layouts using relative font-sizes, such as % and ems, because the font sizes will be computed relative to the parent's font-size. The ratio, product or division of anything with 0 will give 0. However, if you are using px, rem, vh, vw, vmax or vmin that do not rely on computation based on parent element's font size, it is okay.
Floats
Floats are very useful and more importantly, easy to understand and widely supported across virtually ALL browsers (if IE4.0 can support it, I suspect all browsers today can). However, one issue is that when all immediate descendants of a parent element is floated (like when we float all
 elements in
), the parent's dimensions will collapse.
A popular fix will be the overflow: hidden (see this article for the detailed mechanistic explanation) or the clearfix solution. The reason is simple: floated elements are taken out of the normal document flow.
CSS3 flexbox specification
It is a rather new standard but allows you tremendous amount of flexibility over conventional CSS floats. The only shortcoming is that the new syntax takes time to learn (although there are many tutorials out there that helps you — this, this and this), and that it is not widely supported on the most common browsers used.
To avoid spacing between elements, you will either have to:

*

*stretch the elements using flex-grow: 1

*avoid using space-around or space-between for justify-content
...or a combination thereof.

Solution demo
Without further ado, here are the two possible workarounds in a code snippet:

ul {
  background-color: #eee;
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0 0 20px 0;
  padding: 0;
  }
ul li {
  margin: 0;
  }

#navbar1 ul {
  /* To prevent parent collapse when children are floated */
  overflow: hidden;
  }
#navbar1 ul li {
  float: left;
  }

#navbar2 ul {
  display: flex;
  }

Solution 1: Use floats.

123

1234

Solution 2: Use CSS3 flexbox.

123

1234

A: Use float instead:
#navbar ul li {
    float: left;
    background:green;
    margin:0px;
}

A: A simple workaround for this problem, is to use font-size: 0; on the parent and declare a font-size on the
.
#navbar ul {
    list-style:none;
    font-size 0; //removes the extra space//
}

#navbar ul li {
    display:inline;
    background:green;
    margin:0px;
    font-size: 12px;
}

The way I personally solve this inline whitespace issue, is to add a negative margin to the
's
#navbar ul li {
    display:inline;
    background:green;
    margin: 0 -4px 0 0; //removes the extra space//
}

And yet another option is to float the child elements, but you need to clear the floats on the parent with overflow: hidden.
#navbar ul {
    list-style- none;
    overflow: hidden; //clear the floats//
}

#navbar ul li {
    margin: 0 5px 0 0; //provides spacing between elements//
    background:green;
    float: left;
}


Invasion of the Viking River Longships!
Torstein "Tor" Hagen, the brash, confident, highly entrepreneurial chairman and CEO of Viking River Cruises, has always had a streak of the gambler in him. While he was educated as a nuclear physicist, he ended up at Harvard Business School and eventually at Royal Viking Line, the fabled but long defunct cruise company. Hagen then transferred his attentions to the rivers of Russia and Europe to build what arguably is the largest river cruise line in the world at 19 ships, if you're counting before this past week.
Now Hagen is doubling down big time with the launch the first four of 12 planned "Longships," the newly designed Viking River standard for river cruising. Four ships – Viking Odin, Viking Idun, Viking Freya and Viking Njord – were christened on March 21, an event I was lucky enough to attend in Amsterdam. Viking River will then introduce two more ships – Viking Embla and Viking Aegir – in July and August. And Hagen isn't done yet. He's building another six Longship class ships set for delivery in 2013. Each ship carries 190 passengers, so the entire new fleet of Longships will add another 2,280 berths to the Viking fleet.
With that kind of wager on the river cruise market, Hagen must be convinced he's betting on a sure thing. Indeed, he probably is. The river cruise market has expanded dramatically in the last 20 years and is on pace to grow even more extensively now with Viking's newbuilds, as well as new ships this year from AmaWaterways, American Cruise Lines, Avalon, Great American Steamboat and Scenic, among others. Only Uniworld Boutique River Cruises and Tauck appear to be sitting it out this year, though no doubt they'll expand their fleets in the future. Meantime, the pace of new oceangoing ships has slowed dramatically, with only five newbuilds set for delivery this year.
That said, the passenger capacity of the entire river cruise fleet could probably fit into a couple of oceangoing mega-ships, though I believe that's going to be tested in the next few years. For their part, Americans have discovered what European travelers have known for years: a cruise on the rivers of Europe is a great way to see the cities, culture, culinary attractions and history of the Continent. River cruise companies also are applying their formula to other destinations, including the Nile (where river cruises have been offered for years), Southeast Asia, South America and the United States.
So what makes a Viking Longship different from its competition in Europe? Well, first off there are going to be a lot more of them in the next two years – more than any other river ship afloat. More importantly, Viking River has fundamentally altered the design of the vessel to accommodate more cabins with verandas. The new design, which Viking River says is patent-pending, also includes two 445-square-foot Explorer Suites with private wraparound verandas and 270° views. All cabins also have rather large (32-inch minimum) flat-screen TVs and some very good Wi-Fi Internet service due to the introduction of new technology.
For me, however, one of the most innovative features is the new Aquavit Terrace, an indoor/outdoor area at the bow of the ship where passengers can relax, engage in casual dining and do what they came to do – namely view the scenic river views. As far as I know, no other river ship has such an area in the bow of the ship with or an area that combines a more classic lounge with a large outdoor space.
Each Longship has 95 outside staterooms (including two Explorer Suites, two Veranda Suites, 39 Veranda Staterooms, 22 French Balcony Staterooms, 25 Standard Staterooms). All suites feature two rooms with a veranda off the living room and a French balcony in the bedroom. The ships also feature a sun deck with 360-degree views and shaded sitting area, an organic herb garden and solar panels.
With the introduction of the Longships, Viking River has developed a revolutionary design that represents yet another leap forward for river cruising. But that also seems to be the norm over the past few years, with most of the major river cruising companies unveiling new products, new designs and revolutionary features designed to appear to a new generation of river cruise passenger. Indeed, river cruising today just happens to be one of the most innovative and exciting categories in all of travel today – and one that is attracting increasing numbers of customers and making even more money for travel agents. So Tor Hagen may be betting big time on the future of river cruising with his new Longships, but my guess is he's going to get a big payoff!