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From 1966 to 2016 Audi manufactured 59 models under the model names 100, 200, 4000, 50, 5000, 80, 90, A1, A2, A3, A3 e-tron, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, AD, AL2, Allroad, Asso, Avantissimo, Avus, Coupe, Fox, LeMans, Nuvolari Quattro, Pikes Peak Quattro, Q1, Q3, Q5, Q7, Q7 e-tron, Quattro, R8, R8R, Rosemeyer, RS 5, RS 7, RS2, RS3, RS4, RS5, RS6, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, Sport, SQ5, Steppenwolf, Super 90, TT, TTS, UR, V8, and Variant.
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Audi 100 - Produced in 1991, 1992, 1971, 1979, 1985, 1989, 1986, 1981, 1977, 1976, 1970, 1994, 1978, 1980, 1975, 1990, 1993, 1982, and 1968
Audi 200 - Produced in 1988, 1986, 1985, 1987, 1979, 1991, 1989, 1984, 1990, 1982, 1980, and 1981
Audi 4000 - Produced in 1984, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1985, 1986, and 1987
Audi 50 - Produced in 1977, 1975, 1976, and 1978
Audi 5000 - Produced only in 1984
Audi 80 - Produced in 1986, 1981, 1982, 1991, 1985, 1980, 1989, 1983, 1984, 1978, 1975, 1987, 1993, 1979, 1992, 1990, 1988, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1976, and 1977
Audi 90 - Produced in 1989, 1991, 1984, 1985, 1995, 1990, 1986, 1987, and 1988
Audi A1 - Produced in 2010, 2011, and 2012
Audi A2 - Produced in 2001, 2003, 1999, 2005, 2002, 2004, and 2000
Audi A3 - Produced in 2012, 2001, 2006, 2009, 2005, 2002, 2003, 2007, 2004, 2008, 1998, 1996, 1999, 1997, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2016
Audi A3 e-tron - Produced only in 2015
Audi A4 - Produced in 1997, 2006, 2008, 2004, 2005, 2007, 1999, 2009, 2002, 2001, 1994, 2003, 2000, 1998, 1995, 1996, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015
Audi A5 - Produced in 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016
Audi A6 - Produced in 2008, 2009, 2007, 1999, 2006, 2000, 2001, 1997, 2003, 2004, 1996, 2005, 1998, 1994, 1995, 2002, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016
Audi A7 - Produced in 2012, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016
Audi AD - Produced only in 1998
Audi AL2 - Produced in 2001, and 1998
Audi Allroad - Produced in 2006, 2005, 2000, 2001, 2004, 2014, and 2015
Audi Asso - Produced only in 1973
Audi Avantissimo - Produced in 2001, and 2002
Audi Avus - Produced only in 1993
Audi Coupe - Produced in 1989, 1984, 1991, 1990, 1986, 1992, 1985, 1994, 1987, 1995, 1982, 1975, 1993, and 1988
Audi Fox - Produced in 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, and 1979
Audi LeMans - Produced only in 2003
Audi Nuvolari Quattro - Produced only in 2003
Audi Pikes Peak Quattro - Produced only in 2003
Audi Q1 - Produced only in 2016
Audi Q3 - Produced in 2012, 2015, and 2014
Audi Q5 - Produced in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, and 2015
Audi Q7 - Produced in 2008, 2009, 2007, 2006, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, and 2015
Audi Q7 e-tron - Produced only in 2016
Audi Quattro - Produced in 1984, and 1980
Audi R8 - Produced in 2002, 2009, 2007, 2008, 2000, 1999, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, and 2015
Audi R8R - Produced only in 1999
Audi Rosemeyer - Produced only in 2000
Audi RS 5 - Produced in 2014, and 2015
Audi RS2 - Produced in 1995, and 1996
Audi RS4 - Produced in 2007, 2009, 2002, 1999, 2004, 2006, 2000, 2001, 2003, and 2005
Audi RS5 - Produced only in 2012
Audi RS6 - Produced in 2004, 2005, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2002, and 2010
Audi S2 - Produced in 1991, and 1993
Audi S3 - Produced in 2007, 2006, 2002, 2000, 2009, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2004, and 2015
Audi S4 - Produced in 2006, 2000, 2005, 2008, 2007, 2004, 2002, 1997, 1993, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, and 2015
Audi S5 - Produced in 2009, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, and 2015
Audi S6 - Produced in 2008, 1996, 2007, 2005, 1995, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, and 2015
Audi S7 - Produced in 2012, 2014, and 2015
Audi S8 - Produced in 2000, 1999, 2007, 1998, 2008, 2002, 2005, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, and 2015
Audi Sport - Produced only in 1980
Audi SQ5 - Produced in 2014, and 2015
Audi Steppenwolf - Produced in 2001, and 2000
Audi Super 90 - Produced in 1968, and 1970
Audi TT - Produced in 2005, 2004, 2006, 2001, 2000, 2008, 2009, 2003, 2007, 1999, 1995, 2002, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015, and 2016
Audi TTS - Produced in 2014, and 2015
Audi UR - Produced in 1982, 1983, 1981, and 1980
Audi V8 - Produced in 1993, 1989, 1991, 1988, 1990, 1992, and 1994
Audi Variant - Produced in 1972, 1970, 1966, 1967, 1969, and 1971


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Fall in love with beautiful Barbados, home to golden sands, restaurants with fresh-from-the-ocean seafood, and beach bars where couples dream up romantic things to do over jugs of rum punch.
Date ideas for couples flow as easily as the tides in romantic Barbados
With 3,000 hours of sunshine per year and romantic things to do 'round every corner, Barbados adds new meaning to the term "hot date." Moonlit strolls along a soft, sandy beach? That's just the first evening. After that, how about a catamaran cruise on jewel-toned waters, grilled snapper for supper with flickering torches in the background, or a dive to spot seahorses around vibrant coral reefs? At Radisson Hotels, our concierges have no trouble proposing date ideas for couples in Barbados.
Not that you need to be a honeymooner to fall under the spell of this magical island. Everyone from families to business travelers loves the capital, Bridgetown, with its soul-food shacks, British colonial architecture, and string of laid-back beaches along Carlisle Bay. For active types, there's jet blading and stand-up paddleboarding, and if you can tear yourself away from the beach, jeep safaris inland to explore tropical rainforest and remote villages. And if your idea of paradise is lounging by the hotel pool with a rum punch for company and the sound of reggae or calypso drifting in on the breeze, you'll find ample opportunity for that, too.
Reasons to go:
Beautiful beaches: From secluded, spray-lashed coves to private clubs with parties on the sand, Barbados has a beach for every mood. Surfers prefer the east coast, where Atlantic waves crash into beaches like Cattlewash, Bathsheba, and Lakes. Couples love the west coast of Barbados, where watching the sun set over Brighton Beach, Paradise Beach, or Brandons Beach tops the list of romantic things to do.
Tax-free shopping: It's hard to leave Barbados, but a good stash of souvenirs can soften the blow. Tourists don't pay import taxes on items like jewelry, clothing, and cosmetics, so don't be surprised if you come away with a new watch or an upgraded anniversary present. For artisanal mementos, skip the glitzy malls and look for independent stores selling brightly dyed sarongs and traditional Bajan carvings.
Rum: Time flies when you're having rum, and on Barbados there are many ways to do just that, from umbrella-topped cocktails in a chic bar to half-gallon jugs of punch in a beachside shack. Barbados has been fermenting sugarcane molasses for centuries, and you can witness this time-tested process on a tour of Mount Gay Distillery, founded in 1703.
Waterfront dining: Looking for date-night ideas in Barbados? Keep it simple and book a table at a seafront restaurant, where staff will welcome you like old friends, light a candle, and tell you what the fishing boats brought in that day. Asian and soul-food influences are strong, so don't be surprised if your shrimp is served with a Thai red curry or if your grilled dorado comes with macaroni and cheese. Many of the best waterfront restaurants are on the coast of Saint James, an area just north of Bridgetown.
Historic houses: George Washington only went abroad once, and Barbadians take great pride in having hosted America's first president at the age of 19. The handsome mansion where he stayed in 1751 has been preserved as a museum, where visitors can admire period furnishings on a tour of the interior and explore a stretch of underground tunnels. Set in beautiful landscaped gardens laced with pathways, Sunbury Plantation House has a noted antiques collection, including pieces made from Barbadian mahogany.
Tropical Barbados offers warm and sunny weather year-round. Peak season is December through April, with average highs in the mid-80s. Rainfall, including spectacular tropical downpours, is more likely in the summer off-season.
One of the biggest draws in summer is the Crop Over festival in July and August, marking the end of the sugarcane harvest with six weeks of parties and parades. Foodies shouldn't miss October's Food & Rum Festival, which attracts superstar chefs and mixologists from Barbados and beyond.
If you're planning to splurge on tax-free jewelry, designer clothing, or appliances, keep your passport and flight ticket handy at all time. Vendors need to see these documents before selling you goods at the discounted rate. Note that tobacco and alcohol are only sold duty-free at the airport, so leave some space in your budget for a bottle of local rum.
Ready to go? Check out our hotels in Barbados to find the perfect place to stay.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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You are at:Home»Cities of France»Aix-en-Provence»Montagne Sainte-Victoire, Provence
Montagne Sainte-Victoire © Olivier Risnes
Montagne Sainte-Victoire, Provence
By Pierre on	 11 June Aix-en-Provence, Alps, Mountains of France, Provence, Walking in France
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An iconic natural landmark in Provence, similar to Mont Ventoux and Sainte-Baume, Montagne Sainte-Victoire, a white limestone mountain range, extends over 18 kilometres east of Aix-en-Provence. Reaching 1,011 metres at Pic des Mouches, this celebrated mountain was painted extensively by Paul Cézanne, who could see it from his home in Aix-en-Provence. The stunning view from the 19 metre high cross placed on the mountain, locally named "Croix de Provence" (945 m) takes in Sainte-Baume, the Luberon and the Étoile ranges, the valley of the Durance and the Provençal Alps.
The Sainte-Victoire mountain range extends over 18 kms between the départements of Bouches-du-Rhône and Var. On average the range is 5 km wide. It is located in the communes of Puyloubier, Saint-Antonin-sur-Bayon, Rousset, Châteauneuf-le-Rouge, Beaurecueil, Le Tholonet, Vauvenargues, Saint-Marc-Jaumegarde, Pourrières, Artigues and Rians.
The mountain range's highest point is Pic des Mouches (1,011 metres) and ranks as one of the département of Bouches-du-Rhône's highest points, behind Pic de Bertagne in the Sainte-Baume range (1,042 m). The summit crest, resembling a long ridge, is about 7 kilometres long.
On its Southern side, the mountain is steep and dominates the Arc basin with vertical limestone crags and sharp ridges. The vegetation is typically mediterranean with bushes and contorted Aleppo pines.
On its Northern side, the mountain falls slowly into a series of calcareous plateaux towards the Durance Valley. The vegetation on this side receives less sun and is more alpine.
The site contains over 900 types of flowering plants which represents 20% of the plant species found in France.
The fauna of the region is rich and diverse comprising hares, boars, bats and hundreds of bird species.
To the North-West of the mountain are two dammed lakes: Lac de Bimont and Lac de Zola.
The artificial Lac de Bimont was created by Joseph Rigaud between 1946 and 1951 to ensure manageable water resources for the local region.
Situated downstream of Lac de Bimont, the dam of Lac de Zola is named after its architect: François Zola, the father of famous French writer Émile Zola. The dam operated between 1864 and 1877, supplying water to Aix-en-Provence. It still serves as a buffer in case the level of Lac de Bimont falls to emergency low levels.
A protected area
15,493 hectares of the Montagne Sainte-Victoire range have been listed as a special protection zone (Zone de Protection Spéciale), located at altitudes between 246 and 1,016 metres. In 2004, Montagne Sainte-Victoire received from the Ministry of Environment the prestigious "Grand site de France" label.
Historic facts about Montagne Sainte-Victoire
The unique silhouette of the mountain, rising high above the hills of Provence, has impressed mankind since time immemorial. The barren crests where the Mistral wind blows strongly and lightning often strikes has led the local inhabitants of Provence to revere the mountain as a god.
The Celto-Ligurians named Montagne Sainte-Victoire the "Vintour" in honour of the god of winds. They also named another emblematic mountain of Provence after the wind (le vent in French): Mont Ventoux.
When the Romans came into the region they originally named Aix-en-Provence 'Aquae Sextiae' (the waters of Sextius).
In the 13th century, a chapel dedicated to "Sainte Venture" was built near the summit.
The mountain was formally named "Sainte-Victoire" during the 17th century either to commemorate the victory of Marius or as a derivation of Sainte-Venture, a local martyr who died during the christianisation of the region.
In 1989 a huge fire devastated over 5,000 hectares of forests on the mountain range.
Croix de Provence
At the western peak of Montagne Sainte-Victoire at an altitude of 946 metres stands the monument of Croix de Provence.
The current cross is the fourth to be erected on the mountain. The first Croix de Provence was built in the 16th century by a sailor who had vowed to put up a cross on the first mountain he saw after escaping death from a shipwreck. His monument was made of wood and decorated with two anchors at its base.
In 1785 the first cross was replaced with a second by Jean Laurans. Rapidly deteriorating, it was again replaced in 1842 with the third cross on the initiative of a law student from Aix-en-Provence. The Croix de Provence became a popular pilgrimage site and pilgrims used to take away pieces of the monument out of superstition. This practice, along with the effects of the strong Mistral wind, led to its total disintegration by the 1870s!
Today's monument dates from 1875 and was built by Abbot Meissonnier, a Catholic priest from the village of Rousset. He vowed to raise the cross in an attempt to ward off two scourges which were plaguing the people of France: smallpox and the consequences of the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871). On 18 May 1875, the new cross was solemnly blessed by the Archbishop of Aix-en-Provence, Théodore-Augustin Forcade, in the presence of 3,000 people.
The monument is 18.25 metres tall and contains, encased inside its metallic base, the 22,000 names of its donors: people, parishes and the dioceses of Aix-en-Provence, Arles and Embrun.
On the base are engraved four inscriptions:
On the side facing towards Rome: an inscription written in Latin meaning "Great and good God, O Cross, God's strength is our strength, Salvation! Let your soft light shine far away for the hearts of those who love Jesus and be merciful to those who unfortunately do not love Him".
On the side facing towards Paris: an inscription in French: "Cross of Provence, blessed by His Grace Monseigneur Théodore-Augustin Forcade, Archbishop of Aix, Arles and Embrun on the 18 May 1875" (Croix de Provence, bénite par Monseigneur Théodore-Augustin Forcade, Archevêque d'Aix, Arles et Embrun le 18 mai 1875).
On the side facing towards Marseille: an inscription in Greek: "Here is to sailors your lighthouse, to traders your profit, to workers your restful place and your wealth".
On the side facing towards Aix-en-Provence: an inscription in the Provençal dialect: "O salvation Cross! Source of eternal light, with the blood of a God. O written covenant, Provence was first to bow down at your feet. Protect Provence, o Cross of Jesus-Christ".
Due to strong winds and being struck several times by lightning, the cross was restored for the first time in 1982 and again in 2004 when the whole base of the monument was replaced by a stone coloured reinforced concrete one.
The site of the Cross of Provence commands a breathtaking panoramic view.
On a clear day, the city of Aix-en-Provence and its suburbs can be clearly seen to the West, surrounded by the rolling plains of the Aix area. To the South, Cap Canaille (the vertical cliff just off Cassis on the Mediterranean coast), the Étoile range near Marseille, the Vitrolles range and the Crau plain. To the North, the Durance Valley, the Luberon and Mont Ventoux are easily recognisable. To the East are the Sainte-Baume ranges and the far Maritime Alps.
Gouffre du Garagaï
To the East of the Cross of Provence, near the ridge of Sainte-Victoire lies the "gouffre du Garagaï", a cave system which is actually comprised of two natural tunnels open at each end. These caves are a good example of karst phenomena in the mountain. the tenebrous "Petit Garagaï" is the deepest at 150 metres long. According to legend, Marius the Roman threw the Teutons through it. The cave was first explored in 1928.
The "Grand Garagaï" runs through the mountain from its summit to the cliff. This very large tunnel, slippery and angled opens onto a 400 metre precipitous incline.
Numerous legends surround these mysterious caves, some of them might have scared children from Aix! Rumour has it that its pit is bottomless and leads straight to hell…
The Sainte-Victoire Priory
Perched at an altitude of 888m, near the top of the Sainte-Victoire, the priory is a site of local pilgrimage.
It is probable that a small religious retreat was built on the site of the current building as early as the 5th century by St Cassien.
Over the years, the priory has received visits from kings and crowned heads such as the four daughters of Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence; Beatrix, Queen of Naples and Sicily in the 13th century and Margaret of Anjou, Queen of England in the 15th century.
In the 16th century, the mountain received fervent popular attention with the pilgrimage of the Pertuis brotherhood, which is still celebrated today on the last Sunday of April through the Roumavagi pilgrimage.
In 1654, the priory was built by Jean Aubert, Master of Liturgical Celebrations at Aix Cathedral. In order to host the growing number of pilgrims, a chapel devoted to Notre-Dame de la Victoire was erected in 1656 as well as a convent in 1664.
After his death in 1692, the religious life of the priory declined and only a few hermits agreed to remain living at the priory. However, pilgrims from the brotherhoods of Vauvenargues, Aix-en-Provence and Pertuis continued to visit the priory regularly.
Practically abandoned in the 18th and 19th centuries, the buildings of the priory deteriorated. In 1954, the "Friends of Sainte-Victoire" society, established by Henri Imoucha, endeavoured to restore the buildings of the priory in order to make them "worthy of their prestigious past and their natural destination".
Sainte-Victoire by road
With a starting point at Aix-en-Provence, the mountain range is encircled by a 60 kilometre circuit (D17, DD57D, D24, D10 roads) which offers plenty of wonderful viewing points over Sainte-Victoire and many starting points for walks. The itinerary crosses some picturesque villages, such as Vauvenargues, dominated by the steep side of the mountain and natural sites like the wooded Infernet Gorge.
The Cézanne Route
Linking Aix-en-Provence to Puyloubier, the Cézanne Route (D17) runs along the whole length of Sainte-Victoire's Southern side. The winding road is marked with the painter's memory when he used to travel to Le Tholonet.
The D17 road offers great views of the towering cliff of Sainte-Victoire in the vicinity of Antonin-sur-Bayon, as well as a diversity of landscapes from the plain of Le Tholonet to the hilly land around Puyloubier.
The little village of Antonin-sur-Bayon houses the Maison de la Sainte-Victoire which displays a permanent exhibition of the mountain, in particular the dinosaur eggs which were discovered on the site. It provides information and hiking maps as well as a tourist shop.
At Puyloubier, the castle of the wine domain of Capitaine Danjou houses an Institution of the Légion Étrangère for the wounded legionnaires of the French Foreign Legion. Set in the middle of a magnificent vineyard landscape, the castle has its own museum (entrance free) with a collection of uniforms and ceramics, metalwork and bookbinding workshops.
One of the finest view of Sainte-Victoire is on the D58 between Meyrieul and Beaurecueil The view from here at sunset is unforgettable.
Vauvenargues Castle
The peaceful Provençal village of Vauvenargues is located 14 km from Aix, at the foot of the Northern side of Sainte-Victoire. Just outside the village on a rocky hillock above the narrow gorge of River Cose stands the red-shuttered castle.
Vauvenargues Castle is actually a fortified bastide, a local name for a Provençal manor house. A bastide, of square or rectangular shape, was usually occupied by a wealthy farmer. With its tile roof, walls of fine ashlar-stone, it was larger and therefore more elegant than a Provençal mas.
The site of the Vauvenargues was occupied in the Roman era by a fort and became a residence for the Counts of Provence during the Middle Ages. In the 13th century, it came into the possession of the Archbishops of Aix-en-Provence before being acquired in the 17th century by the Marquis de Vauvenargues.
The castle was sold to the Isoard family after the French Revolution and was listed as a "Monument Historique" in 1929. The Isoard family sold the castle in 1943 to three industrialists from Marseille who removed all the furniture and a large part of the interior decoration.
In September 1958, the exiled Spanish artist Pablo Picasso acquired Vauvenargues Castle.
Picasso and his wife Jacqueline are buried in the garden of the castle under a 1933 monumental sculpture of "La Dame à l'offrande" (Woman with a Vase) which was originally placed at the entrance of the Spanish pavilion at the 1937 International Exhibition in Paris. The castle is still privately owned by Picasso's stepdaughter.
Walking and other activities
Each year, nearly 1 million people visit the range, most of them hiking in the mountains. Several walking tracks lead to a priory founded in the 17th century and to the famous Croix de Provence, the easiest being those starting from the northern approach of the mountain range.
There are 250km of footpaths, from half-day to two-day walks, across and about the Sainte-Victoire range. The hiking trail GR 9 (Grande Randonnée) runs the full length of the 17km ridge along some breathtakingly vertiginous cliff faces and also involves a challenging 1-2 hour uphill walk from Vauvenargues.
As a result of the great 1989 fire when most of the hillside was deforested, access is heavily restricted and can be banned from July to September. It is advised to avoid walking under the hot summer sun between 11am and 3pm and to wear a hat and bring plenty of water and sunscreen. The shooting season runs between 13 September and 13 January. Hiking should be restricted to the main paths and hikers should wear bright clothing.
Read more about walking on Sainte-Victoire on Mostly Walking.
Apart from walking, the rocky range is appreciated for other sporting activities such as mountain biking, climbing, paragliding and speleology.
Paul Cézanne and Montagne Sainte Victoire
Montagne Sainte-Victoire has been immortalised in more than sixty paintings by Paul Cézanne, a famous post-impressionnist artist native to Aix-en-Provence.
Before Cézanne, Montagne Sainte-Victoire was not as well known as Sainte-Baume. It is the painter who has contributed to its worldwide recognition, hence is nicknamed "Cézanne's Mountain".
Cézanne's oil paintings and watercolours are now preserved in private collections and in some of the world's largest museums such as the National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.,; the Musée d'Orsay, Paris; the Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg; the National Gallery, London; the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; the J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles; the Tate Gallery, London; the National Gallery of Australia, Canberra and the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
Cézanne would settle in front of the Sainte-Victoire with his easel, his canvas, his box of paints, his palette and his paintbrushes, protected from the wind, sun and indiscreet glances behind umbrellas.
Interestingly enough, the painter never featured the Cross of Provence in any of his reproductions of Sainte-Victoire.
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Pierre is a French/Australian who is passionate about France and its culture. He grew up in France and Germany and has also lived in Australia and England. In 2014 he moved back to Europe from Sydney with his wife and daughter to be closer to their families and to France. He has a background teaching French and holds a Master of Translating and Interpreting English-French with the degree of Master of International Relations and a degree of Economics and Management.
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About French Moments
At French Moments we have a little thing for France … ok maybe a big thing. What started as a blog to share some cultural pages and things about France for our language students turned into a huge resource which we're dedicated to continuing and making available to everyone that is interested in this beautiful country.
The French Moments team is dedicated to sharing the French culture through their dynamic website and blog. A large resource of cultural articles, photos, recipes and travel information is continually being built with free access for everyone. Find out more
The best travel bag for your next trip to France!
Top 10 Most Famous Monuments of Paris
The Best Itinerary for Walking in the Old Town of Rouen
The formidable story behind the French croissant
The towers of Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris
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My mum and I had a wonderful day touring the Barossa with Lis. We highly recommend booking a tour with Barossa Exclusive Tours.
Fabulous day with a lovely person We cannot recommend Lis highly enough. Perfect service, tour adjusted to suit our interests, caring, and made us feel like part of the Barrosa family. Book with Lis and you will not be disappointed!!!
Such an awesome day with Lis from Barossa Exclusive Tours. We have been in underground cellars, seen wash outs, tasted grapes off the vine, learnt about pressing methods, tasted secret bottles of sticky that you can't purchase and spent time with awesome Barossa wine makers who have been so generous with their time, knowledge and wine! Lis you exceeded all expectations and tailored our tour as we went along. Thank you so much for a wonderful day!


Read this article for UP B.Ed Admission Official Notification 2017, UP B.Ed Online Application form 2017,UP B.Ed JEE Notification 2017-2018 online registration form, Lucknow University B.Ed application 2017-18 Apply Now..
Uttar Pradesh Lucknow University B.Ed application 2017-18, will sort out a placement test to give affirmation in B.Ed course to scholarly year 2017-2018. Loads of competitors are looking for Admission in B.Ed Course in Uttar Pradesh State. Hopefuls who need to take affirmation in Govt College/University for B.Ed course, they have to qualify the B.Ed JEE 2017-18 Entrance Exam which will be lead in month of April or May 2017.
Lucknow University B.Ed application 2017-18 will sort out Joint Entrance Exam for the following session 2017-18 on wards B.Ed course. Lucknow University will held direct B.Ed Entrance Exam 2017-2018 in month of April or May 2017 (Expected). Intrigued applicants can check the qualification criteria and fill the online application according to said in UP B.Ed Admission 2017 Official Notification. Lucknow University will discharge the official warning for a state level joint placement test 2017-2018 for affirmation in Uttar Pradesh Govt Colleges for B.Ed course.
Consistently, a selection test led for confirmation in Bachelor of Education (B.Ed) Course by a University named by State Government of Uttar Pradesh. Appliers need to fill the Application frame through Online Mode. Competitors will be chosen on the premise of their execution in placement test and took after by the advising procedure. Insights going to UP B.Ed Entrance Exam 2017, for example, qualification criteria, age restrain, application charge, key dates, choice process, how to apply and so forth are said beneath.
Exam Level: Belongs to All state students.
Job Application Mode: Online Mode.
The candidates should have completed his Graduation and Post Graduation with minimum of 50% of marks and B.Tech candidates should have minimum 55% of marks form relevant specialization from recognized University/Institute.
Age limit is not applicable for the examination.
The candidates will be select by counseling process after giving the examination.
Start date for Application Form: – 10th March 2017.
Closing date for online application form: – 31st March 2017.
Admit Card: – April 2017.
Written exam- 03rd May 2017.
UP B.Ed JEE 2017-2018 Apply online:- Click Here.
For more details UP B.Ed JEE 2017-2018:- Click Here.
Applicants who are qualified for UP B.Ed Joint Entrance Exam 2017-2018, they can apply online at the official site – www.upbed.nic.in. prior to the end date. Methodology for online enlistment will be accessible in authority add you need to peruse all directions and rules which are accessible authority entry.
Category: Admission Form Application Form Tags: B.Ed Entrance Exam 2017-2018, B.Ed JEE 2017-18, Lucknow University B.Ed application 2017-18 Apply Now, UP B.Ed Admission Official Notification 2017, UP B.Ed Application Form 2017-2018, UP B.Ed JEE Notification 2017-2018 online registration form, UP B.Ed Online Application form 2017, www.upbed.nic.in.


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Q: node net socket connection timeout I noticed, that my node server's net.createConnection() has a very long timeout before firing an error on some occasions (seems to be a particular problem with ports...)
i tried to connect to somedomain:9000  (listening, connecting and working as expected)
and to somedomain:1234 (same domain, different port, waiting around 2 minutes until "connect ETIMEDOUT")
When i connect to non-existent domains, i get an error right away, but not if i connect to unreachable ports on reachable hosts.
i need to determine if a machine is reachable in <1sec..
how do i handle this? Must be some way to notice an unreachable port in under 2minutes?
at least some kind of timeout that just sets the address as unreachable after a set amout of time?
Thanks
UPDATE: current Connection code:
this.openConnection = function() {
    try {
        console.log("[INFO] connecting to " + device.ip + ":" + device.port);
        device.clientSocket = new net.createConnection(this.port,this.ip)
            .on('connect', device.connected)
            .on('data', device.inputReceived)
            .on('error', function(err) {

                if (err.code == "ENOTFOUND") {
                    console.log("[ERROR] No device found at this address!");
                    device.clientSocket.destroy();
                    return;
                }

                if (err.code == "ECONNREFUSED") {
                    console.log("[ERROR] Connection refused! Please check the IP.");
                    device.clientSocket.destroy();
                    return;
                }

                console.log("[CONNECTION] Unexpected error! " + err.message + "     RESTARTING SERVER");

                process.exit(1);

            })
            .on('disconnect', function() {
                console.log("[CONNECTION] disconnected!");
            });
    } catch(err) {
        console.log("[CONNECTION] connection failed! " + err);
    }
};

A: When you connect, you can just set your own timer for whatever timeout you want and if the connect has not succeeded when that timer fires, then it did not succeed as quickly as you want.
This could be encapsulated in a single function with a single callback or returning a promise.

Based on your code, here's a shot at adding a timeout to it (untested code):
this.openConnection = function(timeout) {
    var timer;
    timeout = timeout || 2000;
    try {
        console.log("[INFO] connecting to " + device.ip + ":" + device.port);
        device.clientSocket = new net.createConnection(this.port,this.ip)
            .on('connect', function() {
                clearTimeout(timer);
                device.connected();
            })
            .on('data', function() {
                clearTimeout(timer);
                device.inputReceived();
            })
            .on('error', function(err) {
                clearTimeout(timer);
                if (err.code == "ENOTFOUND") {
                    console.log("[ERROR] No device found at this address!");
                    device.clientSocket.destroy();
                    return;
                }

                if (err.code == "ECONNREFUSED") {
                    console.log("[ERROR] Connection refused! Please check the IP.");
                    device.clientSocket.destroy();
                    return;
                }

                console.log("[CONNECTION] Unexpected error! " + err.message + "     RESTARTING SERVER");

                process.exit(1);

            })
            .on('disconnect', function() {
                console.log("[CONNECTION] disconnected!");
            });
        timer = setTimeout(function() {
            console.log("[ERROR] Attempt at connection exceeded timeout value");
            device.clientSocket.end();
        }, timeout);
    } catch(err) {
        console.log("[CONNECTION] connection failed! " + err);
    }
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This is a True 8x8 HDMI Matrix Switch and will allow you to view up to 8 source devices on 8 displays. This matrix switch gives you the flexibility to view a single source device on all displays simultaneously or to have multiple devices going to multiple displays all at the same time.
For example, if you wanted your DVD Player going to 5 displays and your DVR going to 3 displays all at the same time, then this is the device you need. What if you wanted to have your Xbox going to 4 displays downstairs, your DVD player to the display in your bed room upstairs, and your cable box to your living room display��and you wanted all of this to happen simultaneously? Well then this HDMI Matrix switch is the answer.


We are a good old-fashion homegrown farm stand. Whether you are looking for the freshest fruits or vegetables we are the best place to stop, we are highly recommended for our fresh produce. We are on route 239 2 miles north of route 93 in Nescopeck Township. We are well known for our yellow somborka peppers, people travel from New York City just for our somborka peppers. Call us for availability of our yellow peppers or other varieties of peppers. Yellow peppers and other peppers are in season from mid-August until frost. We have been told that we have the best strawberries in the county! We are upto 8 acres of pick-your-own strawberries.
Call for strawberry picking hours in the month of June.


Credit Card Debt: AR vs. U.S.
The average credit card debt amount in Arkansas is 9% less than the national average of $4,965.
Arkansas ranks 3rd in the nation with a credit card delinquency rate that is 33% greater than the national average of 0.57%.
Credit Scores: AR vs. U.S.
The average credit score for Arkansas residents is 2% less than the national average score of 696.
Household Income: Arkansas vs. U.S.
For more information about Arkansas credit cards, or for additional resources regarding credit cards overall, visit Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.


Goddard (nickname as of today) has been registered since April of 2007. He has been regared as an elder of the board and is a proud contributor to many of the topics posted. He is younger in actual age than most of the regular users, and has seen a lot happen tot he Pikmin Board. He is well-known for his laidback attitude.


Spring is simply a prelude to the dog days of summer. If we skipped summer altogether we could have Spring and then Fall. That makes a lot more sense.
I know many people love summer. Therefore they love Spring, the gateway to 100 degree weather or even hotter. No thank you. Years ago, we lived in such a place and had no air conditioning. I know! Since I was doing radio, I got off work quite a bit earlier than Heather did so I saw every single movie in the cool theaters at least twice.
I don't understand it, but to each his own. I like it cold, some like it hot. It's a fact of life. Some people I know live in very hot places and spend all of their time in air conditioned buildings. This really baffles me. I understand people who live in the South and tolerate the heat and humidity because when it's all done, there are gorgeous trees and rivers.
What is there to see in the desert? Cactus? Snakes? Scorpions? No thank you. Seriously, maybe someone can explain it to me. I really don't get it. Even the homeless, like birds head south for the winter. I don't blame them. It's horrible trying to sleep outside in the cold and there are only so many beds available for birds.
What if the air conditioning goes out in your car in the heat of the desert and you don't have enough money to fix it? Horrible. You're be forced into a life of crime, selling drugs out of your air conditioned home. Even if you got caught you would go to an air conditioned jail with the squares a day and no worries except to stay alive. But even if you die and go to heaven it will be perfect there.
If you're not going to heaven, that's very bad. I've heard it's very hot down below.
Not just me then…… that's a relief!


All EMOP2016 participants are warmly welcome to join the Welcome Reception on Wednesday evening. The welcoming toast will be offered by the City of Turku. The event is free of charge but pre-registration is required.
The Symposium Dinner is held at the Brewery Restaurant Koulu. The beautiful neo-renaissance building was built in 1889 and it formerly served as a school. Thus the name of the restaurant "Koulu", school in English. Nowadays Koulu is the largest brewery restaurant in Finland. Ticket price 60 eur.
Please see the symposium map for the locations!
Guided visit to Kuusisto, Parainen and dinner in the archipelago - canceled!
Departure from river Aurajoki at 19.00 (sharp!), return at 23.00. Address: Linnankatu 38.
Join a cruise on board the steamship s/s Ukkopekka to the little island of Loistokari in the beautiful Turku archipelago. An archipelago style traditional buffet dinner will be served outdoors on the tiny island, followed by live music and dancing on the quay. Spend an evening to remember in the unique archipelago and enjoy the bright Nordic summer night!
A guided walking tour, departure at 19.00, duration 2.5 hours. Departure point: Aurakatu 2, in front of the Turku City Hall.
A Field trip for beer lovers is an introductory tour to the most famous pubs in town. The Old Bank – also known as simply the Bank – a pub situated in what used to be the offices of a bank and converted into a comfortable restaurant. Cross the river from the Bank is the New Pharmacy. This quaint and cozy pub combines the unique atmosphere of an old apothecary with a wonderful array of refreshments. Your 'final exam' is taken at WaterLoo, the only public toilet in the world converted into a functionalist-style restaurant which nowadays occupies a British pub.
The tour will also introduce visitors to the history, Turku Cathedral's surroundings, Old Market Square, Turku city centre and the River Aura views.
This tour introduces you to unique historical milieus in beautiful surrounding nature and archipelago.
Timetable: bus transportation at 15.30 from the congress venue to Kaarina where the group will meet an English speaking guide at 16.00. The tour starts from the Kuusisto castle ruins, which history begins in the 1200s, followed by a visit to Parainen's old quarters and its medieval stone church. At 17.30 a visit to Finland's largest open-pit mine. At 18.00 a ferry to the charming seashore dinner venue. Return trip starts at 21.00.
(min. 30 participants) Departure at 19.00, return at 23.00. Departure point: Aurakatu 2, in front of the Turku City Hall.
Enjoy the evening in the traditional Finnish sauna at the Harjattula Manor. Located in Kakskerta, an island and a district of Turku, Harjattula is surrounded by the sea, the archipelago, glamorous manor style old buildings and old cultural landscape in the middle of verdant nature. After enjoying the seaside sauna you can take a refreshing swim in the sea. Light dinner (grilled sausages, salad) will be served. Remember to bring your own swimsuit! Separate saunas for men and women.
Pub tour – Field trip for beer lovers - canceled!
Vector hunting trip - full!
Join a trip to the Finnish woods and enjoy our beautiful nature – and bugs. The trip is guided by the local colleagues. Nets and other equipment will be provided. The tour includes bus transportation and light refreshments.
Departure by bus on Sunday at 14.45, from Aurakatu 2, in front of the Turku City Hall.
The naturally beautiful, but oddly historical island of Seili is located in the Turku Archipelago, just a short sea passage from the parish village of Nauvo. Seili does not offer any real tourism services. Instead, the island is home to University of Turku Archipelago Research Institute.
The trips starts with transportation to Nauvo at 14.45, where we catch an afternoon ferry at 16.20 to Seili island. In Seili, we will explore the island and visit the Archipelago Research Institute, enjoy sauna in the evening, do a little fishing and visit the intriguing museum church. The island offers basic accommodation facilities. Return on Monday after lunch with 14.20 ferry from Seili (back in Turku about 16.30).
The fee includes meals (dinner, evening snack, breakfast, lunch), non-alcoholic drinks, accommodation, bus transportation, ferry tickets.


New York, NY – The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has awarded New York University nearly $66 million over the next five years to study how exposure to environmental factors influences children's health. This new funding is an extension of a previous award of nearly $15 million over the last two years.
The awards are part of a seven-year NIH initiative called Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO), which investigates how a range of environmental factors in early development – from conception through early childhood – affects the health and development of children and adolescents.
Experiences during sensitive developmental windows, including around the time of conception, later in pregnancy, and during infancy and early childhood, can have long-lasting effects on the health of children. These experiences encompass a broad range of exposures, from air pollution and chemicals in our neighborhoods, to societal factors such as stress, to individual behaviors like sleep and diet.
The ECHO grants will continue to support multiple longitudinal studies – including those led by two NYU researchers – that extend and expand existing studies of mothers and their children.
Over the next five years, in annual amounts of about $5.14 million from ECHO, Clancy Blair, professor of applied psychology at NYU's Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, will build upon his teams' past two years of ECHO-funded research and past 15 years of NIH-funded research to conduct the Family Life Project (FLP). Blair's work investigates ways in which adverse environmental exposures early in life – psychosocial as well as chemical -affect children and their families.
The large, longitudinal study follows a sample of 1,292 children and their families, who live in and around small towns in Pennsylvania and North Carolina in counties with high poverty rates. The Family Life Project began following the children and their families when the children were born in 2003-2004.
The researchers have gathered a wealth of information at regular intervals since the children's births, including home visit questionnaires and interviews, school data, health records, and blood and saliva samples to look at stress, immune function, and other biological markers. A main focus of the project thus far has looked at how stress early in life, such as violence in the home, affects children's brain development in the areas of self-regulation, ADHD, and learning disability. With ECHO funding over the past two years, this research has been expanded in a number of ways. Blair and his collaborators have linked previously collected GPS data to EPA and Census data to quantify and evaluate exposure to toxicants and pollutants, have documented environmental exposure to chemicals, including tobacco smoke and lead, have sequenced the genome of participating children and mothers, and have expanded their original focus on brain development to look at obesity risk.
From research done within the last two years, Blair and the FLP Investigators have submitted five manuscripts and are in the process of completing 15 manuscripts for submission and publication in top-tier peer reviewed journals across areas of public health, toxicology, and developmental science.
Over the next five years, participating children and families will be seen twice for data collection in which a variety of direct assessment, questionnaire, and biospecimen data will be collected.
Blair is excited about the opportunity to continue to follow the FLP sample. "Large longitudinal cohorts like the FLP that have been followed from birth through adolescence are rare and a unique scientific resource," said Blair. "I am grateful that my collaborators and I have the opportunity to contribute to the overarching goal of the ECHO to safeguard the health of our nation's children."
The FLP is a partnership between NYU, the University of Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Pennsylvania State University. More information about FLP is available at https://steinhardt.nyu.edu/ihdsc/flp.
The ECHO grant number is 4UH3OD023332-03 and will be administered by NYU's Institute of Human Development and Social Change.
Leonardo Trasande, associate professor in pediatrics, environmental medicine, and population health at NYU School of Medicine, will receive $8 million each year for the next five years to continue studying the short- and long-term dangers of chemical contaminants to infant and child development.
Exposure to chemicals, including phthalates, bisphenols, and pesticides, have been linked to cardiovascular and renal risks. However, most studies of child development and the environment have been small and incremental, focusing on small populations, considering one factor at a time rather than the interaction between several, or only following children for a brief period of time.
As part of the ECHO-funded NYU Pediatric Obesity Metabolism and Kidney Cohort Center, NYU School of Medicine, in partnerships with multiple other institutions, will examine two large birth cohorts to inform our understanding of early life environmental impacts on child health and development.
The cohorts–eventually comprising a total of 2,700 births–are the NYU Children's Environmental Health Study and the Infant Development and Environment Study. ECHO funding will extend the duration of time children are followed in each cohort, ranging from 2 to 9 years. Researchers will examine how chemicals contribute to disability and disease, including obesity, heart disease, and such metabolic conditions as insulin resistance, loss of kidney function, and uncontrolled blood pressure.
"We are delighted to continue our leadership in children's environmental health through the ECHO program. Our studies will go far to identify the impacts of chemical as well as other environmental factors on child development. The ECHO program will develop a roadmap for communities, families and government officials to ensure a healthy future for America's children," said Trasande, who also holds appointments in NYU's Wagner School of Public Service and NYU College of Global Public Health.
The corresponding grant number is 4UH3OD023305-03.
The Institute of Human Development and Social Change is the largest interdisciplinary institute on New York University's Washington Square campus. The Institute, a joint initiative of the Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development, Wagner School of Public Service, Faculty of Arts and Science, and the Office of the Provost, aims to break new ground through support for rigorous research and training across social, behavioral, educational, policy, and health sciences. Learn more about IHDSC at https://steinhardt.nyu.edu/ihdsc/.


On Thursday we took a jet boat ride out of Wrangell and up the Stikine River with Zack from Breakaway Adventures. Breakaway Adventures does trips to LaConte Glacier, Anan Bear Observatory, the Stikine River, and Telegraph Creek, B.C. in their super fast, super fun jet boats.
We inquired about the Anan Bear Observatory trip, but the season for that pretty much ended a few days ago and they told us there was really only one bear hanging out there right now, and even that one wasn't always around. I think we'll plan on doing that earlier in the season next summer.
Our captain, Zach, was born and raised in Wrangell and has been exploring the Stikine River since he was about ten years old. He knows it well!
The jet boat can run in as little as 6 inches of water, and the channels in the mud flats and the river are constantly moving and shifting. Zach has to constantly be watching and reading the surface of the water to figure out where the deepest part is (today) as the boat is zooming along at about 30 mph. It's quite exciting!
We headed up river through some side sloughs and ended up in Shakes Lake and Shakes Glacier.
The wall of ice that you can see sticking out of the water is about 150 feet tall.
It was a great trip, and Zach made it feel like we were just going out for a jet boat ride with a friend…he knows a lot about the area and the river, is very friendly and down to earth, and was a great guide and a fun captain!


text:
Russia in SCO
русeng中文
14th Meeting of Supreme Court Chief Justices of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Member States held in Sochi on 17-19 June 2019
On 18 June 2019 the Chief Justices of the Supreme Courts of the SCO member states met in Sochi, with heads of the Supreme Courts of India, Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Pakistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan attending. The heads of the top judicial bodies of the SCO observer states – Afghanistan, Belarus and Mongolia, as well as Cambodia, which is a dialogue partner – were invited as guests.
During the meeting, representatives of the SCO member states discussed the following key topics:
1. Reducing the time and the number of pending cases at various levels of the judicial system, the mechanism for pre-trial settlement (efforts at conciliation to resolve disputes), the experience of SCO countries.
2. Court application of national and international legal acts to protect the family rights of children, including those related to the protection of children's property rights.
3. Reviewing court decisions and sentences that have entered into legal force in criminal cases.
4. Jurisdiction in administrative proceedings: problems and development outlook.
5. Measures to strengthen the independence of the judiciary.
Discussion No. 2 proved one of the most heated (Court application of national and international legal acts to protect the family rights of children, including those related to the protection of children's property rights). Supreme Court judges from Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan actively participated in the debate. Representatives of the participating countries spoke about the new editions of codes and laws protecting children's rights, which contain fundamentally different approaches to regulating existing legal relations. The participating judges also focused on current problems in legal proceedings that need to be addressed.
Firuz Tursunov, Supreme Court Judge of the Republic of Uzbekistan:
"A presidential executive order on additional measures to further strengthen the guarantees of children's rights in Uzbekistan in 2017-2021 introduced the office of children's ombudsman in the republic; it also established the office of the ombudsman, which promotes policies that ensure children's rights. Based on this, amendments and changes are being developed to the Law on the Representative of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan for Human Rights (Ombudsman). For example, today in our country, children left without parental care are provided with all types of social services up to the age of 18 regardless of their place of registration or citizenship; they are granted the right to reserve accommodation in municipal and public housing; and thorough review of their petitions to state bodies is guaranteed. All this is of great importance for each of them."
The discussion of topic 3 (Reviewing court decisions and sentences that have entered into legal force in criminal cases) was equally lively. Presentations were given by Chief Justice of the Supreme People's Court of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China Bahaerguli Saimati, Judge of the Supreme Court of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan Manzoor Ahmad Malik, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Tajikistan Shermuhammad Shokhiyon, Judge of the Supreme Court of India Mukeshkumar Rasikbhai Shah, Judge of the Supreme Court of Russia Irina Kochina and other representatives of the Supreme Courts of SCO member states.
Most participants agreed that the institution of reviewing sentences that have entered into legal force plays a major role in protecting rights and legal interests of victims as well as in correcting mistakes by lower courts. According to Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Tajikistan Shermuhammad Shokhiyon, it is still necessary to address many issues such as court procedure when hearing supervising complaints and protests or minute taking at supervisory courts. However, the main things are already being done, thanks to international experience sharing within the SCO among other things; and the principle of competition and equality between the prosecution and defence is beginning to work.
Irina Kochina, Judge of the Supreme Court of Russia:
"Thanks to a whole range of serious amendments, the cassational part of the process will soon turn from something exceptional into a regular part of criminal proceedings. I believe that my colleagues will agree with me, because the laws of many SCO countries include a clause that allows the court to review the case if mistakes related the factual circumstances were made, or if an innocent person was convicted. I hope that Russian legislators and lawyers will also address this issue as part of improving court procedure."
And, finally, the discussion of topic 5 (Measures to strengthen the independence of the judiciary) began with a report by Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation Vyacheslav Lebedev. In his opinion, the independence of the courts is not only a fundamental principle of the rule of law that ensures balance in the separation of powers but also a key condition of effective justice and fair legal proceedings. And what guarantees the independence of justices is the transparency of legal proceedings and mandatory publication on the internet of court rulings and information on non-procedural petitions to justices and heads of courts. The independence of the courts is ensured by judicial review of the legality of laws and regulations, actions and decisions of executive government bodies. In addition, President of Russia Vladimir Putin proposed jointly with the Russian Government in 2018 a whole package of measures aimed at enhancing the independence of justices and ensuring the most effective legal proceedings. These measures are designed both to expand social guarantees of the independence of justices and toughen their disciplinary responsibility.
Vyacheslav Lebedev, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation:
"The legislation of the Russian Federation on court organisation, legal proceedings and the status of justices provides for a ramified and effective system of guarantees of judicial independence. The development of these guarantees is an absolute priority in the work of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. Therefore, the experience of the SCO member states in consolidating judicial independence is of special interest for Russia and other participants in the Meeting of Supreme Court Chief Justices of SCO Member States."
Following the 14th Meeting of Supreme Court Chief Justices of SCO Member States, the participants signed a joint statement. The event was capped off by a gala reception on behalf of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation.
Official website of Russia's SCO Presidency https://sco-russia2020.ru/
14th Meeting of Supreme Court Chief Justices of SCO Member States Meeting of the Supreme Court Chief Justices of the SCO Member States Opening ceremony
Greetings on opening of 14th Meeting of Supreme Court Chief Justices of SCO Member States
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Smartphone Repair in Lee's Summit, MO by PhoneFixation!
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The consultation is a vital part in the preparation of any surgical procedure. You will get the opportunity to have a one-to-one private appointment with the surgeon who will perform the thigh lift surgery. For this reason it is important to arrive prepared with any questions or concerns you may still have. It is perfectly acceptable to come in prepared with a written list of questions if necessary, as this may be your only opportunity to discuss in detail your surgery.
The discussion will revolve around your medical history, expectations, understanding of the risks involved, how the procedure will unfold, aftercare and recovery. This will include a look at any medication you might currently be taking and your current lifestyle. The consultant may advise you to temporarily stop taking certain supplements for example, so it is important to include those medicines which are taken off–label, as well as those that are prescribed. Even natural remedies can powerfully interact with other chemicals, so if in doubt, it is advisable to take the bottles with you in case your doctor needs to identity any of the ingredients or is not familiar with the trade name.
Your lifestyle can have a significant impact on how you recover from surgery, from healing of scars to energy levels. Consequently, your surgeon will seek to advise you to maintain high activity levels and eat a healthy diet if possible. During this discussion, they may be able to make some constructive, practical suggestions as to how to do this, or refer you to a reputable nutritionist and gym. This is to be taken as seriously as the surgery itself, as improvements to your lifestyle could help maintain the youthful and supple appearance desired from thigh lift surgery, as well as make a great deal of difference to discomfort and motivation levels after surgery. In addition, if you are a smoker you will be asked to give up until several weeks after surgery. Some clinics will test that this has been successfully done before surgery, due to the increased risks of complications in the operating theatre, and the inhibition of recovery. A mere reduction in smoking is simply not enough; a complete stop must occur. This requires a great deal of will power and sacrifice, which provides another reason to consider how much the surgery will improve your quality of life. It also might be helpful to start with the use of aids such as nicotine patches in advance of the consultation, making you more certain of success in the critical few weeks before surgery.
As well as this, your consultant or a nurse will take a number of simple measurements of health, including blood pressure readings and peak flow tests for lung capacity. Basic blood tests and allergy tests can also be used to screen for various problems before surgery commences, such as an allergy to anaesthetics. The consultant will then examine your thighs in detail, while clarifying what effect you precisely require. They will check that there is enough excess skin and that it appears safe to proceed, and will take detailed measurements. They may also draw their intended line of incision on you, which will give a reasonably good indication of the course of the scar. At this point it is worth discussing the extent of the scar and its visibility. It is possible to make the surgical cuts higher up in order to make them less visible in certain clothing, but this may compromise the level of lift achieved. Your consultant will try to take all of your points into consideration to achieve the best outcome for you. These measurements and plans will also give the consultant a clearer idea of cost, which the surgeon may either discuss directly with you, or refer you to a finance or customer services team.
You may have pictures taken for your medical records and for comparison after your recovery. These should be taken in a way that maintains your dignity, and you have the right to refuse or deny publication on the company's website, provided it is not in the terms and conditions of the company. You will then be required to sign a consent form to certify that you agree to surgery, the terms and conditions of the company (which usually restricts the opportunity to sue should you be unhappy with the result of your surgery or conduct of the company) and usually your willingness to be resuscitated if you go into trauma, or to receive a blood transfusion should the need arise. When this is completed, if the aftercare offered by the company is limited or you are based far away from your clinic, it is advisable to request a short written report detailing the procedure mutually chosen by you and the consultant. In this way, you have some information to produce for your home General Practitioner, should you require extra aftercare at home. The more information they have at their disposal, the more they can help. This is especially true if they are less familiar with plastic surgery and you have internal symptoms rather than an easily identifiable surface complication.


1920 House Bill 0502. An Act To Repeal An Act To Change The Name, Of The Massachusetts Mutual Automobile Insurance Company.
Title 1920 House Bill 0502. An Act To Repeal An Act To Change The Name, Of The Massachusetts Mutual Automobile Insurance Company.


text:
Plant's POEM: 'No need to fertilize, for increase in seed size'
Expectations for robust crop production under various environmental conditions
Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (ITbM), Nagoya University
IMAGE: (A) An ovule inserted with a pollen tube that can fertilize. Ovule enlargement is observed upon fertilization. (B) An ovule without insertion of a pollen tube. Without insertion of a... view more
Credit: ITbM, Nagoya University
Plant biologists at ITbM, Nagoya University, have made a key discovery that the contents in pollen tubes alone can increase the size of seeds, without the need for fertilization. This new plant phenomenon, named as POEM (pollen tube-dependent ovule enlargement morphology), shows that even in the absence of fertilization (fusion of sperm and egg cells), release of the pollen tube content (PTC) to the ovule leads to enlargement of the ovule and seed coat formation. This finding may be useful in developing crops, which can develop seeds under unfavorable environmental conditions where fertilization does not readily occur.
Nagoya, Japan - Dr. Ryushiro Kasahara, Professor Tetsuya Higashiyama of the Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (ITbM) of Nagoya University and their colleagues have reported in Science Advances, on the discovery of a new plant phenomenon where the pollen tube contents (PTCs) trigger seed enlargement in the absence of fertilization.
Upon pollination, pollen grows pollen tubes inside the pistil, in order to deliver its sperm cells (male) to the egg cells (female) located inside the ovules. Although PTCs have been known to exist inside the pollen tube along with sperm cells, its actual function has been unknown for a long time.
In animals, the function of the seminal fluid (containing sperm cells), which is in a similar position to PTCs in plants, has been well studied. Research in mice shows that when a particular protein is removed from the seminal fluid, the sperm cell is unable to induce fertilization, thus indicating that the seminal fluid is essential for fertilization to occur in animals.
Ryushiro Kasahara, a leader of this research, decided to look into the function of PTCs to see if it has a similar function to the seminal fluid in animals. He conducted hybridization experiments using mutants of a model plant Arabidopsis thaliana that can release PTCs into the ovule even when fertilization does not occur.
As a result, his group found that ovules subjected to PTCs without fertilization lead to cell division, along with enlargement of the seed. In addition, formation of the seed coat and endosperm was also observed. For years, it has been considered that ovule enlargement only occurs upon fertilization. Nevertheless, Kasahara's new discoveries show that PTCs alone can induce ovule enlargement, which breaks the common principle that fertilization is essential for seed development.
"The most difficult part of this research was to make sure that fertilization does not occur in order to identify the function of PTCs," says Kasahara. "I was extremely excited when I saw that PTCs alone led to seed development without fertilization."
Reproduction in plants starts from pollination on the pistil, followed by pollen tube guidance, which eventually leads to fertilization. This research demonstrates the existence of an unexplored step between pollen tube guidance and fertilization, where PTCs have a major role in seed development.
In crops, such as rice, corn and wheat, the parts that we mainly eat are the endosperm in the seed. By further elucidation on the function of the PTCs, as well as development of new technology to apply PTCs to plants, it may become possible to produce crops that can form the endosperm without fertilization. As the fertilization rate becomes relatively low under unfavorable or unusual weather conditions (e.g. typhoon and high temperatures) during the flowering season, this has drastic effects on crop production. If endosperms can form by application of the key molecules in PTCs, without the need for fertilization, this may be useful in producing crops that are unaffected by climate conditions.
Initially, Kasahara and his colleagues investigated what kind of genes is expressed in ovules that have accepted PTCs, by analyzing the genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. They carried out experiments using mutants that do not necessarily fertilize upon pollination.
"We found that ovules that have accepted PTCs, undergone fertilization and have developed an embryo and endosperm, show expression of genes that are essential for embryo and endosperm formation," explains Kasahara. "On the other hand, ovules that have accepted PTCs but have not been fertilized did not show gene expression of the embryo and the endosperm. We were surprised to see that this unfertilized ovule showed expression of genes that induce cell expansion and division, as well as seed coat formation."
From the results of gene expression, Kasahara hypothesized that the division and enlargement of ovules, as well as seed coat formation can occur without fertilization. Therefore, he decided to look into the gene expression of ovules.
"We found that ovules with the insertion of pollen tubes but without fertilization are on average 2.5 times larger that those without the insertion of pollen tubes. The unfertilized ovules?with pollen tube insertion also showed seed coat formation," says Kasahara. "This new observation overturns the common principle that ovules need to fertilize for enlargement to occur."
Kasahara was then able to confirm through further experiments that PTCs were responsible for ovule enlargement. By using mutants where pollen tubes burst at a certain rate and release PTCs, they compared to ratio of ovules that increased in size without fertilization, to the ovules where the pollen tube ruptures and releases PTCs.
"We were delighted to see that the percentage of ovules that become enlarged and the percentage of ovules accepting PTCs showed a good match," describes Kasahara. "This shows evidence that PTCs contribute to ovule enlargement." Kasahara named this new phenomenon, POEM, which stands for "pollen tube dependent ovule enlargement morphology".
Upon using a mutant that generates an endosperm without fertilization, the rate of autonomous endosperm formation was below 3% without PTCs. On the other hand, when PTCs were released into the ovule, 50% of the ovules autonomously formed an endosperm. This indicates that PTCs are able to increase the probability of endosperm formation in ovules.
"We are currently interested in what kind of molecules in the PTCs are responsible for triggering POEM," says Kasahara. "We hope we can find key molecules, which can be constantly expressed in ovules so that the endosperm can be formed without fertilization. This is expected to be highly useful for producing crops in various climates, where fertilization does not readily occur."
This article "Pollen tube contents initiate ovule enlargement and enhance seed coat development without fertilization" by Ryushiro D. Kasahara, Michitaka Notaguchi, Shiori Nagahara, Takamasa Suzuki, Daichi Susaki, Yujiro Honma, Daisuke Maruyama, Tetsuya Higashiyama is published online in Science Advances. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600554
About WPI-ITbM
The Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (ITbM) at Nagoya University in Japan is committed to advance the integration of synthetic chemistry, plant/animal biology and theoretical science, all of which are traditionally strong fields in the university. ITbM is one of the research centers of the Japanese MEXT (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) program, the World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI). The aim of ITbM is to develop transformative bio-molecules, innovative functional molecules capable of bringing about fundamental change to biological science and technology. Research at ITbM is carried out in a "Mix-Lab" style, where international young researchers from various fields work together side-by-side in the same lab, enabling interdisciplinary interaction. Through these endeavors, ITbM will create "transformative bio-molecules" that will dramatically change the way of research in chemistry, biology and other related fields to solve urgent problems, such as environmental issues, food production and medical technology that have a significant impact on the society.
Author Contact
Dr. Ryushiro Kasahara
JST CREST
Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University
Furo-Cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
TEL/FAX: +81-52-789-2101
E-mail: kasahara@bio.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Dr. Ayako Miyazaki
TEL: +81-52-789-4999	FAX: +81-52-789-3053
E-mail: press@itbm.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Nagoya University Public Relations Office
E-mail: kouho@adm.nagoya-u.ac.jp
press@itbm.nagoya-u.ac.jp
@NagoyaITbM
http://www.itbm.nagoya-u.ac.jp/
Japan Science and Technology Agency
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION/ECONOMICS
日本のニュース
Growth of Pollen Tube Towards the Ovule (IMAGE)
Discovery of POEM (IMAGE)
Seed Coat Formation from POEM (IMAGE)
http://www.itbm.nagoya-u.ac.jp/en/research/2016/11/POEM-Kasahara.php
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600554
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The tragedy in Newtown has brought out the political prostitutes from under rocks and holes in the walls. Every conceivable moronic gun control suggestion in the world has been brought up by these "caring" political hacks, just to get face time on TV or print space in the papers. I won't mention these person's names to give them more publicity, read about them.
We have a state representative who wants to publish the names of gun permit holders in CT. Gee, that will stop a lot of crimes, right? Oh, let me see, that's right the bad guys/whack jobs don't have gun permits or follow the already very strict gun laws we have on the books!
A state senator now wants to limit guns to one shot. I love this one. Immediately, every bad guy/whack job is going to run right down to the local police station and turn in his multi-shot weapon, right? And, how many bad guys/whack jobs turned in their guns for cash over the last several weeks?
Guns are totally inert objects. Loaded and cocked, they are still inert until a person comes along and picks them up to use them. It is a people problem we have, lax prison sentences, lax law enforcement by eliminating the death penalty. The liberal judges/legislators have given the bad guys/whack jobs the green light to commit serious crimes because there are no more SERIOUS CONSEQUENCES for committing those crimes. So for the two legislators mentioned above, the guns are not at fault. Looking in the mirror will give you a clue as to who is to blame. Research the number of school shootings by persons on anti-depressant medications -- the number is staggering.
All these moronic gun control ideas are leading up to disarming law abiding citizens. The "caring" politicians are going to do it incrementally, a little at a time. They are starting with "assault" weapons, 99 percent of politicians have no idea what an assault rifle is. Assault rifles were banned from 1994 to 2004, look up the statistics, it did NOTHING to stop or reduce crime. Next is 30 round magazines. OK, I admit nobody really needs one except the military/law enforcement people. Again, the bad guys/whack jobs that own these items are not going to turn them in, so their use should automatically invoke the death penalty, no exemptions! So the question remains, would the political prostitutes have the stomach to pass and enforce that law??
In response to the recent op-ed piece concerning Israeli settlements in Jerusalem and the West Bank, what always seems to be universally overlooked is these regions would not have come under Israeli control at all if its neighbors had not acted aggressively against it and failed in those attempts. These so-called "disputed territories" are therefore not disputed at all in my mind, but acquired as a result of Israel's successful attempt to protect itself.
When we see all of Israel's efforts and concessions to live in peace with its adversaries both without and within met with continued hostility, why should they further reduce their own security by allowing those committed to their destruction a free hand in these places to do just that? For example, why should they, as is the case in Gaza, give them more places to send rockets into a civilian populace? There is no peace in the Middle East because the truth of the matter is that the only kind of peace that will satisfy Israel's enemies is for it to totally cease to exist. That's something else that also seems universally ignored by the anti-Israel contingent. I think it's time someone pointed that out and I'm very glad to do that job here today.
Flu season is here, and it's time again to ramp up the fear-mongering.
Big pharma and the medical mafia will continue to line their pockets by promoting the vaccine agenda, an agenda which may very well exceed mere short-term financial gain. Of course, this opens the door to "conspiracy theories," and its quite likely that any reader who has already made the blind decision to obey their M. Deity and get their flu shot will likely find such "theories" well beyond their willingness to consider. There is no single virus that causes the flu and there is no single flu vaccine that protects against all strains. Scientists formulate a vaccine based upon 3 (out of 300) likely culprits for a particular flu season. As such, you basically have a three out of 300 chance (only one percent) of being vaccinated for the proper viral strain. In addition, the viruses are always adapting and may change form by the time you are exposed.
Assuming that the scientists targeted the correct strains and formulated the proper vaccine, there are some additional technical factors which make its effectiveness even further questionable.
But here's the real kicker. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, obviously a major proponent of the flu vaccine, actually admit what is contained in the cocktail: "The following substances are found in flu vaccines: aluminum, antibiotics, egg protein, formaldehyde, human aborted fetal apparatus (dead human tissue), monosodium glutamate (MSG), and thimerosol (mercury)." That's right, it's a direct quote from the CDCP.
Is this the Twilight Zone, or what? Well, maybe they expect that most are unwilling to do their own research and actually read what they are pumping into their bodies at the behest of their M. Deities, the corporate-owned media, the corner pharmacy, and their employers (all of whom surely know better then they). And sadly, they're correct. Most will not do their own research.
Beside the proven links to cases of brain damage and paralysis each year from the flu vaccine, research is now suggesting that it may also be responsible for the deaths of some with compromised or under-developed immune systems.
Research also suggests the onset of long term health issues (such as the dreaded Alzheimer's Disease) caused by the mercury, aluminum and formaldehyde contained in the cocktail.
So, while big pharma continues to speak its "wisdom" through its complicit and trusted servants, urgently telling the unsuspecting public to be good scouts and get their vaccines, the tainted revenue being generated at the public's expense (both monetarily and otherwise) is utterly abhorrent.


Ohmigosh! How hard are you laughing right now? It's more like a sputtering old jalopy that needs a tune-up. Especially since my last post four weeks ago was all whiney and I'm going to try harder and post more and read more and do more and blah blah blah, and then I got so busy between home and work and Christmas that I haven't posted since.
So. I have a valid excuse. Maybe if I got some voice-activated equipment that would transcribe my blog for me, that would make it easier. I definitely would not do a VLOG because I'm now past the age where I still look cute and adorable with messy hair and without make-up , and by the time I got myself VLOG camera-worthy, I could've just written my post.
After the first of the year, I expect to have more time on my hands (well, after getting those New Year's gifts out of the way). There have been some recent changes going on with work that I don't quite feel at liberty to discuss here yet, but will give me back some time so that I can start spending a little more time with my family, and allow me to turn this jalopy into a rebuilt, humming dream machine.
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Hey, I hear ya, and personally? You're my hero for even HAVING a garden. SERIOUSLY. You rock…I just hope you hear that often! We also made one batch of sugar cookies and I have the ingredients to make more…thing is they probably won't be made until that quiet week between Christmas & New Years, which is just fine by me!
Hope you're surviving the holiday rush!
You should totally just vlog sometimes. Don't worry about how you look: nobody cares. Besides, you ARE cute. I have vlogged many times and I am definitely not cute, yet people still seem to like it, so I think you should give it a shot. Just put on mascara and run your brush through your hair once, then…GO!


text:
Ogden >
Ogden Colleges, Universities, Trade and Vocational Schools
Ogden Colleges and Schools
Colleges in Ogden, Utah
There are at least 6 colleges in Ogden, listed and described below. These schools represent 22,510 or more students (full-time and part-time), a combined student body equivalent to 15,786 full-time students, and a reported 668 dorm rooms.
The largest schools here include Weber State University and Ogden-Weber Applied Technology College.
We also provide an extensive list of Utah Colleges.
Of Note For College Students
There are a lot of studio and one-bedroom apartments in Ogden.
Education Institutes in Ogden
Total Number of Educational Institutes
Total Enrollment in all institutes
Number of Public Educational Institutes
Number of Private For-Profit Institutes
Number of Private Non-Profit Institutes
Total Graduates With Bachelors Degree
On Campus and Online Programs in Ogden
Number of Institutes Offering on-campus programs
Number of Institutes Offering on-line programs
Number of Institutes Offering both
Source: Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) 2018-19, National Center for Education Statistics, http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/


Relax & Unwind or Bait up & Reline! – Open 6:30am – 7:00pm.
Visit our Tiki Bar and Bait Shop before or after your boating day.
Enjoy beer and wine and a heck of a good time.
Or purchase beverages and snacks to go.
As you can see, we have plenty of room for you and your friends to enjoy and imbibe.
Live and frozen bait and a great stock of tackle are also available.


text:
Q: how to create a table with side column?
This is a table I need to create. I all most know nothing about frontend, I work with google and ctrl-c, ctrl-v.
I want to create a table like this, the value of the type, key, and value will be filled in backend.
Is there anyone could tell me how to create a table like this, please give me some hints or related resources, thanks in advance.

A: You need to use colspan and rowpsan on the element you want to set as aside colum.
https://html.com/tables/rowspan-colspan/


Just as our leaf began to touch a small portion of our region, the excitement from the donors pool as well as the positive effects from our projects have begun to ripple out of the north county and truly making a difference in the lives of others throughout the entire region of San Luis Obispo County and beyond.
The program at the Boys and Girls Club sought to increase the services offered to children by a robust board recruitment, retention, and training program, investing in high-level exective staff, commit time and resources to serving on the board. This club is now in the place of expansion and soon to be a county wide organization, as they take the leadership helm of the region, are in the process of a name change and have hopes to begin a pilot summer program in San Luis Obispo in 2016. Must! charities is funding a portion of their expansion model as we wish to see all children in need of a Boys & Girls Club be served.
Real food for Real Children expand on existing program to reach 2,500 children within the 2 years of the project, increase nutritional density, be self-sustaining after program period, and ultimately will reach all at-risk children in the North County. 21 different site locations served free lunches to kids ages 0-18 over the 2014 summer, a growth from 6 two years prior prior years. In 2014, in the North County we served 11 different sites, and the South County now has 10 different lunch sites. Our afterschool snack locations exist in 18 different locations, with 4 of those being in the south county. The vehicles purchased for the food bank are serving families and children throughout the entire county, allowing the foodbank to securely deliver refrigerated food to all areas of the county.
It's about 1997 and a couple of old buddies are sitting around sharing a "bit" of vino. Isn't that how all good stories are forged? It's no different for must! partner, Bella Luna Estate Winery whose partnership between Kevin Healy and Sherm Smoot formed over one such glass (ok, perhaps a few glasses). They never looked back.
Today, Bella Luna Estate Winery's five acres in the Templeton gap produces predominately Italian varietals, making small lot productions of premium wine. But it's not just Bella Luna's vines that are deep in Central Coast soil. Sherm's father started a business on the Central Coast in 1947, raising his family in the North County. While Sherm has a story or two for every bend and fork in the road, there is no making light of his passion and allegiance to the region. For over 30 years, he was an aviator who flew all over the world – ask any aero-aficionado and they will know his name as well as his feats.
It made sense for him that after a successful career in aviation, he settle back into Northern San Luis Obispo County. And the pull and tug of the North County is one reason why he listened to Doug and Sabrina Kruse when they said they had a project he may want to align himself with.
Enter must! charities. Sherm likes to keep it local and knows that funds he raises for must! charities are infused directly into his community. And he is a numbers guy who respects accountability. Another win for must!, which holds project collaborators accountable to regular financial and project deliverable reporting.
Since becoming a partner with must! charities, Bella Luna has hosted winemaker dinners and bottling parties, proceeds of which go to must! charities. Wanna see what Sherm is all about for yourself? Bella Luna is now open 7-days a week and he is usually around, ready to share his passion about wine along with a few great stories from his aviator days.
We were first approached by Madyson's grandmother in Spring of 2013, desperate to find a place for her four-year old granddaughter to spend the summer. Her first question was, "What do you do when a child runs away?" Further discussion with the family helped us understand that Madyson would need some special attention. Her young age, behavioral issues, and lack of experience with a structured program were all cause for concern. Nonetheless, we were determined to give Madyson a chance to find her place at the Boys and Girls Club.
Early on Madyson struggled with following directions, sitting for organized group activities, and focusing on summer learning activities. She had difficulties keeping her hands to herself and her method of communicating with other members was yelling and grabbing. Hiding under tables and behind doors was frequent when she did not want to participate in our programs or did not her her way, and she received several disciplinary write-ups during her first months.
Over several months staff worked with her on proper ways of communicating, using words to explain how she feels and get her needs met. We also worked with her on socialization and provided individualized help to accommodate her learning style. It became apparent that Madyson loves to he a helper and we used this framework to help her understand and follow club rules. Madyson is now a wonderful club member who participates fully in classes, Power Hour, and group activities. She shows up with a huge smile and willingly engages with others. For the 2014-2015 school year, Madyson has not received a single disciplinary write-up and in fact, was honored as Youth of the Month for January.


The author discusses the most important procedural issues concerning a complaint about lengthiness of a proceeding, including the composition of the bench in the complaint case, adequate use of regulations regarding a complaint proceeding which are in force in the proceeding being complained about (civil, penal, court and administrative one) as well as the court ruling in the subject-matter of the complaint. Referring to the doctrine opinion and judicial decisions, the author concentrates on a complaint about the lengthiness lodged in the course of the penal proceeding. The article is based on the state of law after 1 May, 2009, although the comparative comments refer to the state of law binding before that date.