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Category Archives: King James Bible
Appologetics, Bible, Christian Living, Cults, Occult and False Religion, King James Bible
Does the Church have the power and authority to forgive your sins?
May 21, 2019 Rev. Kevin Airrington	Leave a comment
"There is no offense, however serious, that Church cannot forgive.", Catholic Catechism, Pg. 256, #982
"By Christ's will, the Church posseses the power to forgive sins of the baptized…", Pg. 257, #986
"Why doth this man thus speak blasphemies? who can forgive sins but God only?", Mark 2:7
"And be ye kind one to another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, even as God for Christ's sake hath forgiven you.", Ephesians 4:32
"Let us therefore come boldly unto the throne of grace, that we may obtain mercy, and find grace to help in time of need.", Hebrews 4:16
This verse LOUDLY proclaims that forgiveness of sins comes from God's throne, not the Church…
"Indeed bishops who are their successors, and priests, the bishops' collaborators, continue to exercise this ministry. Indeed bishops and priests, by virtue of the sacrament of Holy Orders, have the power to forgive all sins "in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.", Pg. 255, #1461
"The Church must be able to forgive all penitents their offenses, even if they should sin until the last moment of their lives." , Pg. 255, #979
The psalmist went straight to God:
"I acknowledge my sin unto thee, and mine iniquity have I not hid. I said, I will confess my transgressions unto the Lord; and thou forgavest the iniquity of my sin. Selah.", Psalm 32:5
"Look upon mine affliction and my pain; and forgive all my sins.", Psalm 25:18
And also in Psalm 51.
God never called us to go through a church for forgiveness.
Psalm 86:5, Colossians 3:13
Why then would the Catholic Church INSIST that forgiveness of sins is ONLY available through her?
"Were there no forgiveness of sins in the Church, there would be no hope of life to come or eternal liberation. Let us thank God who has given his Church such a gift.", Pg. 256, #983
The Bible I read teaches is to look to Jesus for our salvation and forgiveness…the Catholic Church once again is in conflict with your Bible!
You are in bondage to the Catholic Church if you call yourself Catholic…whether you think so or not!
The BIBLE or the Catholic Church…which side will you choose?
Appologetics, Archeology, Bible, Bible History, Bible History, Creation, Evolution & Dinosaurs, History, Jesus, King James Bible
AGE OF THE EARTH
May 21, 2019 Rev. Kevin Airrington
Jesus said that Adam was made in the beginning (Matthew 19:4, Mark 10:6) Genesis 1 says Adam was created on day 6.
Real slow… 🙂
The earth was 6 days old when God created the Adam.
Genesis 5 (KJB)
Adam was 130 when he begat Seth. The earth was 130 years old when Seth was born.
Seth was 105 when he begot Enos…track with me… 130 + 105 = 235. The earth was 235 years old when Enos was born…
Enos was 90 when Cainan was born…
130 + 105 + 90 = 315. The earth was 315 years old when Cainain was born…
I'm not going to do this all day, the years are right there in Genesis 5…do the math…but from Adam to the flood…the earth was 1656 years old…by the way. Adam lived to be 930 years old…after the flood something happened…and people started living less and less…now about 70 years.
From Adam to Jesus…is about 4,000 years…again…we can add the dates. If the Bible is wrong about it's history then it is wrong about it's theology…and then what are we doing?
From Jesus to today (2019)…about 2,000 years…4,000 + 2,000 = 6,000 years. The earth is about 6,000 years old.
Science absolutely supports this…another time we can attack these details.
It's simple by using the genealogy in the Bible (Genesis 5, Matthew & Luke)…we can add the years…to the Age of the Earth.
The Bible clearly says that Jesus created the earth in about 6,000 years. Anyone with BASIC math skills should be able to figure this out.
Try it…what number do you get?
4AXU (1)
arrangement24r (1)
drewqss (1)
eggvvw (1)
finenjz (1)
onceoqh (1)
outzrq (1)
previousagx (1)
think7bl (1)
view8ck (1)
6000 yearscreationCreation of GravityCreation ScientistsCreatorDarwindinosaursEvolutionGenealogyHugh ROssJesusOriginThe Big BangYoung Earth
Appologetics, Bible, Christian Living, Devotions, Discipleship, Jesus, King James Bible, Prayer, Salvation, Sanctification
How much do you have to hate someone to know that everlasting life is possible and not tell them?
eternal lifeeverlasting lifeHATEJOHN 3:16JUSTIFICATIONloveRAPTUREsalvationsanctificationSAVEDwitness
Bible, Bible History, Bible History, Christian Living, King James Bible
THE OPPOSITE BOYS & GIRLS MEANS IT'S DIFFERENT – You can trust just one Bible!
INSPIRED ~ INERRANT ~ PRESERVED
Do you truly think there is no difference in these bibles? I think most women would beg to differ. Bunch of Scripture twisting heretics. How many women truly would like to have a husband that dominates them…is your master?
And what does, "Lord it over you…" mean? I dunno, you got me.
The ESV is just the opposite (ummm…the opposite boys & girls means DIFFERENT)…Instead of her desire to her husband (KJB)…we have desire shall be CONTRARY TO her husband (ESV).
Only two things can be true. Either they are both wrong, although, other than desiring or not desiring your husband, I cannot think of a 3rd option…OR one of them is wrong.
The question then becomes WHICH ONE IS WRONG! Without a bunch of archeological evidence, etc. I can tell you that any bible that does not know who killed Goliath is a bible that cannot be trusted. See 1 Samuel 17:50, 2 Samuel 21:19 and 2 Chronicles 2:5 in both the ESV and the KJB.
Not only does the ESV get it wrong in 2 Samuel 21:19. It creates a double contradiction. I could list hundreds of such errors in the ESV and any/all of the Bibles printed after 1881. There exist no such error in the KJB. In fact, there isn't a single error in the King James Bible.
Maybe ladies you would rather trust a bible that says you are not to desire your husband or maybe you should choose the ISV where your husband is commanded to DOMINATE you. But then the VOICE…that's a good one…"but rather than a companion, He will be the dominant partner."
FRIENDS PLEASE WAKE UP! God Inspired His Word…and He preserved it…every Word…every jot and tittle…for you and I and it's called the KING JAMES BIBLE!
COMPARE GENESIS 3:16
KJB: "…and thy desire shall be TO THY husband, and he shall rule over thee."
ESV: "…Your desire shall be CONTRARY TO your husband, but he shall rule over you."
ISV: "…since your TRUST (not desire?) is turning toward your husband, and he will DOMINATE you."
TLB: "…your husband's AFFECTIONS, and he shall be your MASTER."
NET: "…You will want to CONTROL your husband, but he will DOMINATE you."
TLV: "…Your desire will be toward your husband, yet HE MUST rule over you."
VOICE: "…You will desire your husband; but rather than a companion, He will be the dominant partner." (wow, let that sink in)
NWT (JWs bible): "…and your LONGING will be for your husband, and he will DOMINATE you."
MSG: "…You'll want to PLEASE your husband, but he'll LORD IT over you." ('Lord it' over you? What? Lol)
One more reason we can only trust the Bible.
1 Samuel 17:501611 kjv1762 KJB1769 kjv2 Chronicles 2:52 Samuel 21:19AffectionsbiblecOMPANIONContradictContraryControlDavidDesireDominateEnglish Standard VersionESVGenesis 3:16GoliathHusbandsISVjot and tittleJWs bibleKing Davidking james biblekjbkjvMasterMSGnetNWTRuleThe VoicetlbTLVTrustWho killed GoliathWIvesWord
Bible, Bible History, King James Bible
YOU ARE GOING TO HELL!
1 Thessalonians 5:4-5, "But ye, brethren, are not in darkness, that that day should overtake you as a thief.
Ye are all the children of light, and the children of the day: we are not of the night, nor of darkness."
You keep reading these fake bibles…refusing to listen to listen…you read bibles that deny the ressurection…deny the deity of Christ…deny that Heaven or Hell exist.
11 Churches close in America every day. Is there any wonder Christianity is falling apart?
The Bible declares there will be a great falling away. 2 Thessalonians 2:1-3
It all starts because people are reading the NIV, ESV, NASV, NLT, NAB, TLB, AMP, CEB, NWT(JWs bible), MEV, MSG, any of about 300. Pick one. They are all based on the FAKE Sinaiticus, Vaticanus and Alexandrius.
Please pay attention! I think that the rapture will start with a bang (trumpets and a shout) and end in a fizzle.
Narrow is the gate and few find the way. Matthew 7:13-14
2 Timothy 3:7-9 says that some are caught in a loop of learning but they are never able to come to the truth.
These same also resist the truth: men of corrupt minds, reprobate concerning the faith. They cannot proceed in their faith…
The TRUTH begins when we read God's Word. Not some watered down fake bible that they sell at your local Bible store in the mall.
Speaking of which a couple months ago…I was in the market for small pocket Bible. I liked the look and feel of one that I had. The trouble was it was in French.
I approached the clerk…I handed my sample to her and told her what I was looking for. She immediately ignored…my request for a King James Bible…they had a very small KJB section.
She took me to the ESV section…pulled down a $150 packet bible. I said,. "thank you for showing me this…do you have anything in the King James?"
She said, "The ESV is easier to understand and is more accurate than the King James."
Ok okay…hmm said, " Who killed Goliath?". She smiled, rolled her eyes and said, "David."
In her ESV…I had her turn to. 2 Samuel 21:19 and 1 Samuel 17:50.
She read them over and over. Then said oh it's a different battles…I said, "nope the same battle…and 2 Samuel has Elhanan killing Goliath and 1 Samuel has David killing Goliath."
She sighed and then led me to the NLT. I said this one won't work… because it denies the Virgin birth in a footnote for Isaiah 7:14 and others."
She raised her voice and said, "If you wanted a King James then you should have said so."
I did say so. :). They defend these modern fake bibles as if they were the Holy Grail!
Please…the TRUTH is so much better than the fiction. Read the King James Bible….
Appologetics, Bible, Bible History, King James Bible
ESV don't know who killed Goliath!
April 21, 2018 Rev. Kevin Airrington	Leave a comment
In the ESV:
2 Samuel 21:19 says Elhanan killed Goliath
1 Samuel 17:50 says David killed Goliath.
Every Sunday School kid knows David killed Goliath. The King James Bible gets it right.
At least 30 modern bibles including the ESV gets it wrong. The Ironic thing is virtually every English Bible prior to 1611 does not have this contradiction.
There are thousands of other contradictions and errors in these so-called modern translations.
The NIV and most modern translations deny the TRINITY (Father, the Word & Holy Ghost)
See 1 John 5:7 in your Bible. King James gets it right.
Acts 17:29; Romans 1:20; and Colossians 2:9
All 3 contain the word "Godhead" in the King James Bible…"Godhead" is missing in modern translations that stamp out 1 John 5:7…
They are erasing Jesus…they are erasing the Trinity.
Was Mary a virgin?
Isaiah 7:14 In the King James Bible says so.
In the modern bibles virgin is replaced with young woman or handmaiden. No virgin birth….no miracle…no Jesus.
Some put it in a footnote. If God said it…it needs to be in the text…by adding to a footnote they add doubt. This is why I hate footnotes. Many times they will say, "or" and then show the footnote. Remember, if it says "or" you can ignore. King James hated footnotes too. He said that the Word of God can stand on its own. Many publishers are adding footnotes to the King James Bibles. Just remember, if it says OR you can IGNORE.
The errors and contradictions in these new Bibles are not just 2 or 3 verses…they occur in 100s and even 1000s.
My God inspired His Word. He promised to preserve it. And He is smart enough to make one Bible…in English that is His words.
There are about 300 modern bibles…all say something different…they can't all be right. Now, can they?
Is God confused? Can He not figure out what He wants to say?
How many errors or contradictions must be in a bible before it is no longer God's Word?
There were three main manuscripts that were used to translate these 300 modern translations. Two out of the three of these manuscripts have been proven fakes (see Is the World's oldest Bible a fake? https://www.ebay.com/itm/132515946947)
I trust the Authorized Version. You can trust just ONE Bible. The one that has stood the test of time for over 400 years without a single textual change. These modern bibles go through a textual change every 5 to 10 years. The NIV84, NIV2011, NIrV and the TNIV are a totally different bible. n 2011, an updated version of the NIV was released. The update modified and dropped some of the gender-neutral language of the TNIV (such as going back to using "mankind" and "man" instead of "human beings" and "people"), along with other changes.
1984 NIV
2005 TNIV
Blessed is the man who does not walk in the counsel of the wicked or stand in the way of sinners or sit in the seat of mockers. But his delight is in the law of the LORD, and on his law he meditates day and night. He is like a tree planted by streams of water, which yields its fruit in season and whose leaf does not wither. Whatever he does prospers. Blessed are those who do not walk in step with the wicked or stand in the way that sinners take or sit in the company of mockers, but who delight in the law of the LORD and meditate on his law day and night. They are like a tree planted by streams of water, which yields its fruit in season and whose leaf does not wither—whatever they do prospers. Blessed is the one who does not walk in step with the wicked or stand in the way that sinners take or sit in the company of mockers, but whose delight is in the law of the LORD, and who meditates on his law day and night. That person is like a tree planted by streams of water, which yields its fruit in season and whose leaf does not wither—whatever they do prospers.
The first three rows show the number of verses and percentage of verses where the NIV2011 and NIV1984 are the same, when the NIV2011 kept the tNIV rendering, and when the NIV2011 has something completely new.
The last two rows compare the total number of words that are the same and how many were changed (the average of added and removed). Puncation is not included in this count.
NIV2011 verse same as 1984
NIV2011 verse same as tNIV
NIV2011 rejected tNIV, reverted to NIV1984
269 .86%
NIV2011 verse verse is new
2,440 7.85%
NIV2011 words same as 1984
356,610 91.37%
NIV2011 changed words
33,666 8.63%
NIV2011 removed words
NIV2011 added words
Book by Book
The first three columns show the number of verses and percentage of verses where the NIV2011 and NIV1984 are the same, when the NIV2011 kept the tNIV rendering, and when the NIV2011 has something completely new.
The last two columns compare the total number of words that are the same and how many were changed (the average of added and removed). Puncutation is not included in this count.
NIV2011 verse is new
NIV2011 words changed from 1984
18,666 60.02% 9,726 31.27% 2,440 7.85% 356,610 91.37% 33,666 8.63%
1,163 75.86% 294 19.18% 73 4.76% 10,847 93.26% 784 6.74%
868 71.56% 287 23.66% 56 4.62% 10,235 92.06% 883 7.94%
392 45.63% 405 47.15% 61 7.1% 14,052 88.89% 1,757 11.11%
823 63.9% 420 32.61% 40 3.11% 13,951 91.51% 1,295 8.49%
416 63.22% 193 29.33% 45 6.84% 7,369 89.7% 847 10.3%
336 54.37% 217 35.11% 60 9.71% 9,062 91.79% 811 8.21%
36 42.35% 30 35.29% 19 22.35% 1,658 92.5% 135 7.5%
502 61.98% 269 33.21% 34 4.2% 10,939 93.41% 772 6.59%
583 71.45% 197 24.14% 31 3.8% 7,893 93.52% 547 6.48%
555 67.52% 229 27.86% 35 4.26% 9,716 94.4% 577 5.6%
195 69.64% 68 24.29% 16 5.71% 2,712 94.96% 144 5.04%
114 68.26% 49 29.34% 4 2.4% 2,129 93.32% 153 6.68%
694 64.86% 290 27.1% 68 6.36% 7,046 88.8% 889 11.2%
1,162 47.22% 1,086 44.13% 176 7.15% 25,234 88.34% 3,331 11.66%
311 33.99% 490 53.55% 103 11.26% 9,859 81.72% 2,206 18.28%
108 48.65% 81 36.49% 33 14.86% 2,932 86.52% 457 13.48%
48 41.03% 67 57.26% 2 1.71% 1,903 94.23% 117 5.77%
744 57.59% 389 30.11% 142 10.99% 18,366 92.83% 1,419 7.17%
847 62.1% 328 24.05% 135 9.9% 19,167 94.23% 1,174 5.77%
91 59.09% 49 31.82% 10 6.49% 1,847 94.86% 100 5.14%
115 58.38% 59 29.95% 22 11.17% 2,468 91.71% 223 8.29%
46 63.01% 22 30.14% 5 6.85% 925 92.55% 75 7.45%
63 43.15% 38 26.03% 32 21.92% 2,765 93.24% 201 6.76%
12 57.14% 5 23.81% 3 14.29% 338 94.41% 20 5.59%
20 41.67% 16 33.33% 11 22.92% 822 87.87% 114 12.13%
11 20.75% 34 64.15% 6 11.32% 1,400 89.46% 165 10.54%
21 55.26% 12 31.58% 4 10.53% 670 96.2% 27 3.8%
16 29.09% 34 61.82% 5 9.09% 1,411 89.33% 169 10.67%
788 68.46% 282 24.5% 76 6.6% 10,070 92.19% 853 7.81%
493 56.09% 317 36.06% 66 7.51% 10,466 91.27% 1,002 8.73%
187 43.19% 169 39.03% 74 17.09% 6,560 89.08% 805 10.92%
147 57.2% 86 33.46% 21 8.17% 3,138 91.15% 305 8.85%
46 30.87% 53 35.57% 48 32.21% 2,507 88.01% 342 11.99%
99 63.87% 43 27.74% 12 7.74% 1,308 89.93% 147 10.07%
47 45.19% 50 48.08% 7 6.73% 1,334 87.5% 191 12.5%
27 57.45% 16 34.04% 4 8.51% 489 85.56% 83 14.44%
14 56% 10 40% 1 4% 239 86.13% 39 13.87%
155 51.16% 120 39.6% 28 9.24% 4,083 90.51% 428 9.49%
40 37.04% 43 39.81% 23 21.3% 1,620 88.4% 213 11.6%
28 45.9% 30 49.18% 3 4.92% 913 89.86% 103 10.14%
7 53.85% 5 38.46% 1 7.69% 126 90.32% 14 9.68%
8 57.14% 2 14.29% 4 28.57% 148 86.3% 24 13.7%
8 32% 14 56% 3 12% 498 90.05% 55 9.95%
210 52.11% 118 29.28% 72 17.87% 6,496 92.34% 539 7.66%
Please see the NIV2011 executive summary and the translator's notes (PDF).
Follow the link below; it has verse by verse changes.
Robert Slowley's comparison (includes several great summaries of changes verses and words, including gender issues)
NIV 2010/2011 changes (by John Dyer)
The ESV had revisions done in 2001, 2007, 2011, and 2016. The 2007 revision changed about 500 words. The 2011 revision involved aboout 275 verses and less than 500 words. They also announced the 2007was being phased out. For the revision of 2016 Crossway announced the "ESV Permanent Text Edition", where multiple words and verses were changed. They claimed this would be the last revision.
Isn't nice to know that the King James has not been "phased out." The ESV had so many changes and it was so different than the previous revisions they had no choice but to get rid of the old ones. But weren't there changes in the King James Editions; the 1611, 1762 and the 1769? There were. But not like you might expect from seeing the changes in the NIV, ESV, et al. I will cover this in another article. But for now…here are a handle of what the anti-KJB folks call significant changes:
* 1 Corinthians 12:28 – "helpes in gouernmets" vs. "helps, governments"
* Joshua 3:11 – "Arke of the Couenant, euen the Lord" vs. "ark of the covenant of the Lord"
* 2 Kings 11:10 – "in the Temple" vs. "in the temple of the LORD"
* Isaiah 49:13 – "for God" vs. "for the LORD"
* Jeremiah 31:14 – "with goodnesse" vs. "with my goodness"
* Jeremiah 51:30 – "burnt their dwelling places" vs. "burned her dwellingplaces"
* Ezekiel 6:8 – "that he may" vs. "that ye may"
* Ezekiel 24:5 – "let him seethe" vs. "let them seethe"
* Ezekiel 24:7 – "powred it vpon the ground" vs. "poured it not upon the ground"
* Ezekiel 48:8 – "which they shall" vs. "which ye shall"
* Daniel 3:15 – "a fierie furnace" vs. "a burning fiery furnace"
* Matthew 14:9 – "the othes sake" vs. "the oath's sake"
* 1 Corinthians 15:6 – "And that" vs. "After that"
* 1 John 5:12 – "the Sonne, hath" vs. "the Son of God hath"
Yep…those are what they call SIGNIFICANT CHANGES. goodnesse becomes goodness. Arke of the Couenat becomes ark of the covenant. heples becomes help.
In 1769 Dr. Benjamin Blayney completed his revision of the King James Bible and using Dr. Samuel Johnson's first edition 1755 printing of the Johnson Dictionary the English language "came of age." Spelling, punctuation, and grammar became standardized making it possible to teach succeeding generations the fledgling languages' establishment as a great spoken and written language in the world of communication, commerce and education. I think we can see the 1755 Dr. Samuel Johnson's Dictionary at work in the above examples of "SIGNIFICANT CHANGES". More to come…
Want to know more? Just ask …
Appologetics, Bible, Bible History, Christian Living, Cults, Occult and False Religion, Devotions, Discipleship, Jesus, King James Bible, Salvation
WILL HE FIND FAITH ON THE EARTH?
March 13, 2018 Rev. Kevin Airrington	Leave a comment
Rev. Kevin Airrington
The most fascinating, almost haunting thing for me that Jesus ever said is this: "Nevertheless when the Son of man cometh, shall he find faith on the earth?" (Luke 18:8) I have literally lost sleep thinking about this verse.
"The Son of man" is what Jesus called Himself on earth. The phrase literally means "Dude". So, in essence, He is saying, "When this Dude comes…" 🙂
Absolutely awesome, Jesus, gotta love Him! 🙂
If He is omnipotent and omniscient, and He is, then why would He ask a question like that? It's almost like the feeling is that it's going to get so bad on earth before His return that He asks this question of whether or not there'll even be faith left on the earth at His return to warn us. Warn us of the Hell we will need to put us with and warn us of how easy it is for us to backslide and to always…ALWAYS stay in check.
Jesus asks, "Won't God answer His own elect who cry to Him daily?" (if you are a Christian you are His elect) prayer…Christians must more than ever pray! Pray without ceasing. The effectual fervent prayer of a righteous man availeth much.
In Matthew 24:12, where Jesus was speaking about the time just before His return, He said, "And because iniquity (sin) shall abound, the love of many shall wax cold." Boundless iniquity and a growing lack of love throughout the earth.
Then in II Thessalonians 2:3 Paul said about the second coming of the Lord, "that day shall not come except there come a falling away first."
A falling away from faith in God throughout the earth. Maybe you haven't fallen away or you live in a community where faith is still vibrant. But on a national and international scale, faith in God has declined dramatically in the last century or so, especially throughout the nations of the Western world.
My goodness, you would think the writers of the Bible got on Google and read today's newspaper!
The Bible says the Antichrist will have "scattered the power of the holy people" (Daniel 12:7), just before the return of Jesus.
Maybe that's why Jesus asked that question, "When the Son of man comes, will He find faith on the earth?" It's going to be the toughest time in the history of the world for the people of faith.
Will Jesus find faith on earth? The answer seems to be yes. However, weeping and gnashing of teeth…wide is the gate that leads to destruction…for many, He will not find faith. This is a fallen world….just watch the news!
Isaiah 5:20, "Woe unto them that call evil good, and good evil; that put darkness for light, and light for darkness; that put bitter for sweet, and sweet for bitter!" Again, watch the news…wow!
God help us all to hold on to our crowns and to keep the faith unto the end, whatever that will be for each of us.
May God bless you and yours.
FaithJesusReturn of Jesus
Archeology, Bible, Bible History, Bible History, Books, DVD, Music Review, Discipleship, History, King James Bible, Religion
King James VI & I
November 13, 2017 Rev. Kevin Airrington	Leave a comment
James Charles Stuart
James VI and I (19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625), the only child of Mary, Queen of Scots, was King of Scots from 1567 and King of England and Ireland from 1603, being the first monarch of the House of Stuart to rule all three countries. His descendants include Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, Philippe of Belgium, Felipe VI of Spain, Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden, Margrethe II of Denmark, Harald V of Norway, Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands, and Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg. This article deals with numerous descendants of James and his wife Anne of Denmark (Since he is not known to have had any illegitimate children).
James VI and I was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until his death in 1625.
Born: June 19, 1566, Edinburgh Castle, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Died: March 27, 1625, Theobalds House, Goffs Oak, United Kingdom
Spouse: Anne of Denmark (m. 1589–1619)
Mother: Mary, Queen of Scots
Father: Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley
Children: Charles I of England, Elizabeth of Bohemia, Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales
In August 1589, James married Anne of Denmark by proxy and their actual wedding ceremony took place in Oslo, Norway, on 23 November of that year. Although James and Anne were close at the beginning of their marriage, they gradually drifted apart. She had been brought up a Lutheran and converted to Catholicism shortly after marrying James, which was unpopular among the people of Presbyterian Scotland (and, later, those of Anglican England).
By the time of her husband's accession to the English throne in 1603, Anne was the mother of three living children (Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales, Elizabeth and Charles), but had also suffered at least three miscarriages and stillbirths, and had another four children who died in infancy. Their second son succeeded James as King Charles I.
Marriages and Issue
Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales 19 February 1594
Stirling Castle, Stirling Scotland Never married
no children 6 November 1612 (aged 18)
Elizabeth of Bohemia 19 August 1596
Falkland Palace, Fife, Scotland Frederick of Bohemia
8 children. The current UK monarchy stems from her 13 February 1662 (aged 65)
Charles I of England 19 November 1600
Dunfermline Palace, Fife, Scotland Henrietta Maria of France
5 children 30 January 1649 (aged 48)
Henry Frederick STUART, Prince of Wales
Birth 19 FEB 1594, Stirling Castle; Death 6 NOV 1612, St. James Palace, England. Notes: Duke of Rothesay, Earl of Carrick, Lord of the Isles, Duke of Cornwall, Earl of Chester. Died of Typhoid.
STUART, Child
Birth JUL 1595; Death JUL 1595–Stillborn
Elizabeth STUART, "The Winter Queen", Queen of Bohemia
Birth 19 AUG 1596, Dunfermline; Death 13 FEB 1662, Leicester House, London, England. Notes: Married Frederick V, Elector of Palatine of the Rhine, King of Bohemia 1619-1620. Had 13 children.
Margaret STUART
Birth 24 DEC 1598, Dalkeith Palace; Death MAR 1600, Linlithgow
Charles I STUART, King of Britain
Birth 19 NOV 1600, Dunfermline, Scotland; Death 30 JAN 1649, Whitehall Palace, England; Burial , St. George's, Chapel, Windsor, England. Notes: Acceded to English throne upon death of his father on March 27, 1625. Murdered by order of "Puritan" Oliver Cromwell and other insurgents. Trial of King Charles I ||| Last words ||| more links to information on Charles I on the King James VI & I index page.
Robert Bruce STUART, Duke of Kintyre
Birth 18 JAN 1602, Dunfermline; Death 27 MAY 1602, Dunfermline
Birth MAY 1603, Stirling; Death MAY 1603, Stirling
Birth 8 APR 1605, Greenwich Palace; Death 16 SEP 1607, Stanwell Park, Middlesex, England
Sophia STUART
Birth 22 JUN 1606, Greenwich Palace; Death 23 JUN 1606, Greenwich Palace
*King James VI & I is not known to have had any illegitimate children.
Geneaology from King James I
to Prince Charles and Princess Diana
(and subsequent descendants)
The following genealogical chart is used with kind permission from Yvonne Demoskoff (http://users.uniserve.com/~canyon/royalty.html). Thanks Yvonne! One can also see this page as a pdf at kjchart.pdf
This chart outlines the descent of the late Princess Diana and Prince Charles from their common ancestor, King James VI & I. The names in red are five of the six godparents of their son Prince William. Please note that some information (such as full names and titles, in some cases) has been omitted for the sake of space.
(Copyright © 1998 Yvonne Demoskoff)
JAMES I of England and VI of Scotland (1566-1625) | |————————————————————————————————————————| | | Elizabeth Charles I, King of England | | | | Sophia James II, King of England | | | | George I, King of Great Britain (natural daughter:) | Henrietta | | George II, King of Great Britain James, 1st Earl Waldegrave | | |———————————————————————–| |———————| Frederick, Prince of Wales Louisa 2nd Earl Waldegrave 3rd Earl Waldegrave | | | | |———————| | | | | | | | | Augusta George III, King of Great Britain Louise Anne Horatia 4th Earl Waldegrave | | | | | | | | | | Augusta Edward, Duke of Kent Louise Horace 8th Earl Waldegrave | | | | | | | | | | Paul Victoria, Queen of Great Britain Christian IX, King of Denmark Adelaide William | | | | | | |——————————–| | | | Pauline Edward VII, King of G.B. Alice George I, King of the Hellenes 6th Earl Spencer 11th Earl Waldegrave | | | | | | | | | | | | Nicholas George V, King of G.B. Victoria Constantine I, King of the Hellenes 7th Earl Spencer 12th Earl Waldegrave | | | | | | | |—————| |————| | | | Sophie George VI, George, Alice Louis, Earl Paul I, King of the Hellenes 8th Earl Spencer Lady Susan Waldegrave | King of G.B. Duke of Kent | Mountbatten | | | | | | of Burma | | | | | | | | | Anastasia Elizabeth II, Alexandra Philip, Duke Patricia Constantine II, King Lady Diana Spencer | Queen of G.B. of Edinburgh | of the Hellenes | | | | | | Georgina |——————————-| Norton | | | | | | | Natalia Charles, Prince of Wales | |————————————————————————————| | | H.R.H. Prince William of Wales
April 9, 2011, H.R.H. Prince William of Wales married Miss Catherine Middleton at Westminster Abbey. They became known as the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge.
July 22, 2013, The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge announce the birth of their first son, [the baby was eventually named George Alexander Louis] born at the Lindo Wing, St. Mary's Hospital, Paddington. "The baby is third in line of succession after His Royal Highness The Prince of Wales and His Royal Highness The Duke of Cambridge. He is styled His Royal Highness Prince [name] of Cambridge."
(derived from www.dukeandduchessofcambridge.org/the-duchess-of-cambridge/biography. Quote taken from www.dukeandduchessofcambridge.org/news-and-diary/the-duchess-of-cambridge-has-been-delivered-of-son)
May 2, 2015, the second child of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge was born–a daughter, HRH Princess Charlotte Elizabeth Diana of Cambridge at St. Mary's Hospital in London. She is fourth in line for the British throne: (1st) Prince Charles (her grandfather) (2nd) Prince William (her father) (3rd) Prince George (her older brother) (4th) Princess Charlotte.
King James I of England(VI of Scotland)INTERESTING FACTS
King James I was a Christian who wanted the Bible in the hands of the common man. Specially commanded the Authorized (King James) Version of 1611 of the Bible.
King James was known for his wisdom. He was known as "Great Britain's Solomon" while he was yet alive.
Fluent in Greek, Latin, French, English, and his native Scots. Schooled in Italian and Spanish.
Wrote extensively including Basilicon Doron (the Kingly Gift), Daemonologie, and tracts on varied subjects such as "Counterblaste to Tobacco" which condemned the use of tobacco. Counterblaste is considered the first anti-smoking tract. These and many other writings are found in The Workes of the Most High and Mightie Prince Iames (in Jacobean typography, the letter "I" can represent I or J), a massive collection of the king's writings now online. In The Workes, one finds that King James was a contender for the faith of Jesus Christ and cared about the spiritual well-being of his kingdom. He even wrote Christian meditations for his people. His writings are still relevant today–King James has a message that Rome does not want you to hear.
William Shakespere was one of his subjects. Learning and writing thrived under the King's reign.
Formed the foundation for what is now known as the British Empire by uniting warring tribes of Scotland and then enjoining the crowns of Scotland and England in 1603. He was the first to call his new kingdom, "Great Britain".
King James was became King of Scotland in 1567 when he was 13 months old and acceded to the English throne in 1603.
Scottish reformation leader John Knox read the sermon when he was crowned King.
He endured racism as a Scot ruling over the English, nevertheless had the love and admiration of many subjects. Years after his death, detractors tried to sully his good name. Unfortunately, it continues today, yet KJV translators, yea the King himself had predicted such.
King James was sickly having crippling arthritis, weak limbs, abdominal colic, gout, and a number of other chronic illnesses. He also had physical handicaps which affected his legs and tongue. Coupled with numerous attempts on his life, he required constant attention and watchcare.
His mother was Mary Queen of Scots who was deposed in 1567 and executed in 1587 after 19 years in prison. His father, Lord Darnley, was murdered in 1567.
Roman Catholic clerics tried to kill him more than once. The King was born during the time of the Reformation and well knew popery's atrocities. In 1536, popery burned William Tyndale to death for distributing the Bible and it was MUCH displeased with King James' authorization of a Bible in English (see translator's notes). Roman Catholic Nicolo Molin, an Ambassador said this of King James:
"…He is a Protestant…The king tries to extend his Protestant religion to the whole island. The King is a bitter enemy of our religion (Roman Catholic)…He frequently speaks of it in terms of contempt. He is all the harsher because of this last conspiracy (Gun Powder Plot) against his life…He understood that the Jesuits had a hand in it."
King James said this in Basilicon Doron:
"I am no papist as I said before…Now faith…is the free gift of God (as Paul sayeth). It must be nourished by prayer, which is no thing else but a friendly talking to God. Use oft to pray when ye are quiet, especially in your bed…"
He led a chaste life. Sir Henry Wotton (June 1602) said this of King James:
"There appears a certain natural goodness verging on modesty…He wears short hair…among his good qualities none shines more brightly than the chastness of his life, which he has preserved without stain down to the present time. Contrary to the example of almost all his ancestors, who disturbed the kingdom with the great number of bastards which they left."
F.A. Inderwick wrote in 1891:
"James had a reputation for learning, for piety, for good nature, and for liberality."
In 1603, Sir Roger Wilbaham wrote:
"The King is of sharpest wit and invention…of the sweetest most pleasant and best nature that I ever knew, desiring nor affecting anything but true honor."
King James loved literature and wrote extensively including the Basilicon Doron which contains instructions to his son on how to live and be a just king. King James' advice to his son concerning chastity:
"Keep your body clean and unpolluted while you give it to your wife whom to only it belongs for how can you justly crave to be joined with a Virgin if your body be polluted? Why should the one half be clean, and the other defiled? And suppose I know, fornication is thought but a veniall sin by the most part of the world, yet remember well what I said to you in my first book regarding conscience, and count every sin a breach of God's law, not according as the vain world esteems of it, but as God judge and maker of the law accounts of the same: hear God commanding by the mouth of Paul to abstain from fornication, declaring that the fornicator shall not inherit the kingdom of heaven, and by the mouth of John reckoning out fornication among other grievous sins that declares the commiters among dogs and swine."
Advice to his son on how to treat his wife.
"And for your behavior to your wife, the Scripture can best give you counsel therein. Treat her as your own flesh, command her as her lord, cherish her as your helper, rule her as your pupil, please her in all things reasonable, but teach her not to be curious in things that belong not to her. You are the head, she is your body, it is your office to command and hers to obey, but yet with such a sweet harmony as she should be as ready to obey as you to command, as willing to follow as you to go before, your love being wholly knit unto her, and all her affections lovingly bent to follow your will."
King James loved his wife, Queen Anne, and wrote beautifully of her. They had nine children together. Once, while out hunting, Queen Anne mistakenly killed King James' favorite dog. Sir Dudley Carleton wrote in 1613:
The queen shooting a deer mistook her mark and killed Jewel, the King's most special and favourite hound; at which he stormed exceedingly awhile; but after he knew who did it he was soon pacified and with much kindness wished her not to be troubled with it for he should love her never the worse; and the next day sent her a diamond worth �2000 as a legacy from his dead dog….The Queen by her late pacification hath gained Greenwich.
King James is the founding monarch of the United States. Under his reign, we have the first successful colonies planted on the American mainland–Virginia, Massachsetts and Nova Scotia. King James ordered, wrote and authorized this Evangelistic Grant Charter to settle the Colony of Virginia:
"To make habitation…and to deduce a colony of sundry of our people into that part of America, commonly called Virginia…in propogating of Christian religion to such people as yet live in darkness…to bring a settled and quiet government."
Sources: Wikipedia, http://www.edinburghcity.org.uk/attractions/castle-history/, http://scotlandsmary.com/james-i-vi/, https://www.jesus-is-lord.com/kinginde.htm, http://www.israelitesunite.com/king-james.html
Belgium Iron be mail (2)
fortuom (1)
worepcl (1)
1611and HenriCarl XVI Gustaf of SwedenCharles I of EnglandEdinburgh CastleElizabeth II of the United KingdomElizabeth of BohemiaFelipe VI of SpainGrand Duke of LuxembourgHarald V of NorwayHenry FrederickHenry StuartJames Charles Stuartking james bibleKing James VI & IKing of EnglandKing of IrelandKing of ScotlandLord DarnleyMargrethe II of DenmarkmaryPhilippe of BelgiumQueen of ScotsTheobalds HouseWillem-Alexander of the Netherlands
Archeology, Bible, Bible History, Bible History, King James Bible
Occult Roots Of The Modern Bible Versions
October 28, 2017 Rev. Kevin Airrington	Leave a comment
By David J. Stewart | October 2014
2nd Corinthians 2:17, "For we are not as many, which corrupt the word of God:
but as of sincerity, but as of God, in the sight of God speak we in Christ."
Luciferian Doctrines Infiltrating The Christian Churches
In essence, Theosophy is the worship of Lucifer. Occultists Helena P. Blavatsky and Henry S. Olcott founded the Theosophical Society in 1875. Their number one goal, as stated in "The Secret Doctrine" (a book written by Blavatsky), is "To form the nucleus of a Universal Brotherhood of Man without distinction of race, colour, sex, or creed." (The Secret Doctrine, 1888, Index, p. 32)
The founder of "Lucifer" Magazine in 1887, Helena Petrovna Blavatsky (1831-1891), and editor Annie Besant (1847-1933), along with other occultists believed that Christian churches were the key to introducing the doctrines of Lucifer to large masses of people. The 1904 annual report of the Theosophical Society stated:
"I believe it is through the Churches and not through the Theosophical Society that Theosophy [the worship of Lucifer]… must and should come to large bodies of people in the West." (Transactions of the Theosophical Society, H. P. Blavatsky, Annie Besant, 1904, p. 377).
And then just eight years later the 1912 report of the Theosophical Society stated:
"Our Lodges continue their propaganda work….Outside the Lodges many of the members engage in what is really Theosophical work such as lecturing, talking on the principles we are trying to put forward, preaching and other activities in connection with the Christian Churches and other organizations…." (Theosophist Magazine, Annie Besant, 1912, p. 88).
Nineteenth-century occult mystic Fenton Hort is perhaps best known for his part in the work of the corrupt bible revision committee of 1881. Speaking on the subject of creating a new eclectic New Testament text Hort stated:
"At present, very many orthodox but rational men are being unawares acted upon by influences which will assuredly bear good fruit in due time if the process is allowed to go on quietly;" (Life and letters of Fenton John Anthony Hort, Vol. 1, 1896, p. 400).
In the Old Testament Jeremiah said that "their course is evil, and their force is not right" (Jeremiah 23:10). The apostle Paul warned, "And no marvel; for Satan himself is transformed into an angel of light. Therefore it is no great thing if his ministers also be transformed as the ministers of righteousness; whose end shall be according to their works." (II Corinthians 11:14,15). Here's some startling information about how Theosophy has infiltrated groups Like "Focus On The Family" and "Christianity Today" magazine. Satan is not sitting idle as are most churches today. Rather, Satan "knoweth that he hath but a short time" (Revelation 12:12). Although this particular Scripture reference is to the time during the Tribulation, it is clear to anybody with spiritual discernment that we are living in the end times (toes mixed of iron and clay on Nebuchadnezzar's image in Daniel 2:31-45).
Westcott and Hort butchered the Greek. Rudolph Kittles butchered the Hebrew. All of the modern so-called easy-to-read Bible versions have been corrupted by Luciferian-worshipping occultists. Sadly, the average churchgoer doesn't realize it, and worst, the ones that have been warned don't care enough to address the issue. Please research the evidence. When you do, you'll trash your modern Bible version and cherish the trustworthy King James Bible. END
The "Easy To Read" Lie Behind Modern Corrupt Bible Versions
T H E N I N E T E E N T H C E N T U R Y O C C U L T R E V I V A L
The Legacy of Westcott & Hort
Excellent Information by Dr. Barbara Aho
"We learn from history that we do not learn from history," observed the German philosopher, George W.F. Hegel. The familiar axiom is at once lamentable and understandable. For the common man does not have at his disposal a store of reliable information upon which to base educated judgments, but a bewildering mass of half-truth, untruth, and skewed data. Among the purveyors of misinformation are undiscerning historians, who scarcely take notice of those organizations which maintain a covert existence, and revisionist historians who misrepresent the secret societies to serve their agenda.
Exceptional recorders of human events who probe beyond the aura of mystery surrounding the arcane Traditions discover that a veritable "occult underground" exists and has existed throughout human history. The more perceptive find within the multiform kingdom of the cults that individual persuasions share a common agenda: to conform their society to a mutual set of philosophical ideals. Among these few will be found historian James Webb. With the pen of a ready writer, Webb has explored The Occult Underground of Western Civilization — from the Renaissance through the rise of modern Spiritualism.
The Renaissance or rebirth describes the radical and comprehensive changes which occurred in European culture during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The Protestant Reformation commenced in 1517, being firmly established in Europe fifty years later. Webb explains:
"From one point of view, what had occurred during the Renaissance/Reformation was roughly this: what might be called the Establishment culture of Western Europe, based entirely upon Christian values as defined by Rome, had at last yielded up its monopoly of jurisdiction — never in theory, of course, but certainly in practice…The Renaissance represents the cultural release from the papal strait-jacket; the Reformation, the same release expressed in religious terms." (1)
Renaissance scholars believed that Western Civilization had progressed beyond the barbarism of the Middle Ages, having found its inspiration and closest parallel in the ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome. Humanism replaced medieval duty to God and the King and Renaissance men, such as Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci and Marsilio Ficino of the Platonic Academy in Florence, revived the artistic styles and metaphysical values of classical antiquity, notably in Italy. However, freedom from religious conscription produced a form of culture shock. Under the veneer of the revival of arts and refinement of culture, interest in the occult, magic, and astrology flourished as a substitute for religious faith.
"In other words, the material of the occult Traditions, whether in the rarified form of Metaphysical speculation or in the practical manifestation of magic, was common currency. This resulted from a period of uncertainty during which both the cultivated and the uncultured alike were searching for a departed security. The New Man of the Renaissance, liberated from his prison of the Middle Ages, flexed his muscles, and tried them on the Traditions . . .The figure of the Renaissance man is not complete if the place of the Magician is forgotten. Ficino was scholar, priest, and magician." (2)
Ficino incorporated Platonic literature and the Hermetic sciences – astrology, alchemy, and magic – with Scripture, professing a Christian form of Neo-Platonism.
"Another source from which occultists have drawn their Secret Tradition is the school of speculation called Neo-Platonism. It has been argued that the seeds of Neo-Platonic doctrine were sown by Plato himself, but it is equally possible that the originators were his first-generation pupils in the Academy of Athens. Even the 'magico-religious' complexion of Neo-Platonism seems to have sprung from the Academy, where there was an interest in demonology and occult phenomena… " (3)
The Catholic Church, in its alliance with secular powers, had permitted in a limited way theories deriving from Plato and Neo-Platonism as a secular support for religious doctrine. However, the works of Aristotle had obtained entrance to Western Europe along with Neo-Platonism. Aristotle introduced the "scientific method," which was based upon observation rather than faith.
"Plato is the philosopher of the beyond, of the great metaphysical questions, and of the religious spirit. Aristotle is the exponent of what has come to be called the 'scientific method,' the careful study of observed data, and the commonsensical drawing of conclusions… " (4)
Roman Catholicism and other mystical religions such as Neo-Platonism, regardless of their differences, have more in common with Plato than with Aristotle. When the scientific approach obtained a foothold in Western Europe, it represented a serious threat to the existing order and undermined religious faith. By the end of the Renaissance, the two systems of philosophy which historically had competed for preeminence were reversed and Aristotle became the philosopher of choice.
"At the collapse of medieval society, Aristotle, the philosopher of observation and the scientific method vanquished Plato, the Metaphysician, logician of the beyond, and father of much occult Tradition … " (5)
The Renaissance had been a severe but not fatal assault on the established Church and its alliance with European monarchies. The scientific method, which would be a threat to "faith in Christ," was now granted an uneasy tolerance. Webb notes that, "For a time, this dangerous aspect of Aristotle was not appreciated by the Church — not until it was too late."
"The Traditions had entered Europe with Aristotle, but, as has been explained, they were totally alien to the spirit of that philosopher. For a time the two strands of thought could draw support from the same sources. Both were opposed to the over-subtle theological approach of the late Middle Ages, and both employed practical experiment — for magical experiment is as 'practical' as any other. But the Traditional view is founded on faith, and is a religious attitude, while the approach of the Aristotelians was that of discovery by observation of what was. . . But by the 18th century the scientific method had triumphed and the Age of Reason began its much-publicized career . . . " (6)
The triumph of Aristotle over Plato during the Renaissance eventuated in a mass departure from established religion, which was superseded by reliance on human achievement. The popular opinion of the Age of Reason or Enlightenment was Deism, which held that the universe revolved around man and although God had created the world, man was left alone to manage things.
"In the earlier period ideas of duty to God and King had given way to a recognition of secular standards and the pursuit of profit. During the 18th century there gradually developed an attitude of mind which enabled man to pursue with more success his worldly activities. In its extreme form this became Rationalism, and the Age of Reason was characterized, if not by a devotion to the things of this world, at any rate by a neglect of things belonging to the next. The Industrial, Social, Scientific and Romantic revolutions were all, in one way or another, the outcome of this concentration." (7)
In this atmosphere of scientific rationalism, faith in the unseen realm diminished producing a decline in orthodox religion. Likewise, the pursuit of occult or hidden knowledge was adjudged by the Establishment to be of equally doubtful intellectual respectability.
"But after the turmoil of the transitional period had subsided the Traditions returned to their status as the interest of a tiny minority. They went underground — joined once more the opposition — because during the crisis of the Renaissance and Reformation, Aristotle and the scientific method had won." (8)
The Romantic Period
The conversion from worship of a Supreme Being to Human Reason had produced no minor insecurity and many failed to make the transition. The Romantic era was an artistic and intellectual movement of the late eighteenth century which also glorified Man, however with emphasis upon strong emotion, imagination, freedom from classical correctness in art forms, and rebellion against social convention. Discontent with the pursuit of materialism to the exclusion of transcendent ideals, the Romantic search for significance found fulfillment in occult mysticism and artists turned to the mysterious East with its Tradition of Oriental wisdom. The music and poetry of the Romantic masters became "conduits of essential truth" and "middle class drawing rooms…seedbeds for discussion of literary, political and musical topics among the intellectually progressive." (9)
The German metaphysician, Immanuel Kant, "challenged the salon culture to consign both the arid logic of ostensibly omnicompetent reason and tired reliance upon religious dogmas to the ash heap of bankrupt ideologies." (10) Kant further advocated the establishment of a world federation of republican states and Georg Hegel later developed the Kantian method of reasoning by "antinomies" as the basis for his dialectical method upon which the structure of Marxism was built. (11)
In the 1780's, young Frederich Schleiermacher readily absorbed Kant's philosophy. Although he had abandoned faith in the deity and vicarious atonement of Christ, Schleiermacher would enter ministry and become the "Father of Modern Theology." The evolution of his theology is described by Dr. Mark Devine in "The Apologetic Betrayal of the Gospel" as published in the Premise Journal:
"Doctrine then, odious to Kant in that it boasts of epistemological capabilities denied to it, is not dismissed by Schleiermacher so much as it is dethroned and domesticated. No longer will dogmas judge of true faith." (12)
As minister and metaphysician, Schleiermacher enthroned, instead of doctrine, "the power of Jesus self-consciousness" which was diffused through the believing community and taught that conversion is an arousal of the universal God-consciousness. Since the unity of the original church was the influence of the Savior, in Schleiermacher's view, "the essence of the church is fellowship." (13) The extensive influence of Schleiermacher would uproot the German church from its doctrinal base, giving rise to new principles of higher criticism which rejected the authenticity of the Gospels, particularly the miracles, and also the cardinal doctrines of the Christian faith.
The Occult Revival
Nineteenth century England and Western Europe experienced several major revolutions simultaneously. The Industrial Revolution had reconstructed the European economy; the scientific method of inquiry had challenged accepted religious norms; international communications removed geographical barriers; and the French Revolution of 1789 had created a milieu of abiding discontent among disenfranchised lower classes. James Webb records that "…in the short but significant upheavals of 1848 over fifty violent attempts took place to topple established governments." (14) Socialist organizations proliferated which received their inspiration from the dialectical writings of Karl Marx (Capital) and Frederich Engels. In 1859, in the midst of these converging revolutions, Charles Darwin published the Origin of Species, which evolutionary thesis shattered the already frail faith of many in the established Church.
James Webb likens the crisis of consciousness which overtook the nineteenth century to the cultural adjustment of the Renaissance period and contends that it was, in fact, "a belated continuation of the intellectual upheavals of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries."
"What was happening was the final collapse of the old world-order which had first been rudely assaulted during the Renaissance and Reformation.. ..just when the Age of Reason seemed to be bearing fruit in the 19th century, there was an unexpected reaction against the very method which had brought success, a wild return to archaic forms of belief, and among the intelligentsia a sinister concentration on superstitions which had been thought buried . . . " (15)
"Reason died sometime before 1865…" wrote the historian. "…after the Age of Reason came the Age of the Irrational." Bereft of assurances of immortality after so great an attack on biblical revelation were masses of hopeless people "begging for a revelation which was scientifically demonstrable." Ensuing was a widespread flight from reason and a revival of the occult Traditions that had been discredited during the Enlightenment.
The foundation for a modern Spiritualist movement was already in place through the enterprises of three eccentrics. Emanuel Swedenborg, "a Swedish engineer turned prophet," who communicated with angels and spirits, had published the Arcana Coelestia in London in 1749; Franz Mesmer, "an Austrian physician branded unacceptable by the world of learning," popularized the idea of trance and the concept of Animal Magnetism (c. 1775); and Andrew Jackson Davis, "a young American good-for-nothing who took to seeing visions," became the first theorist of the Spiritualist movement through the publication in 1847 of his channeled work, The Principles of Nature, Her Divine Revelations." (16)
In 1848 it was announced, "The gods came down to earth again…" (17) Mysterious rappings of spirits were reported by the Fox family in their home in Hydesville, New York. Modern communications catapulted this isolated affair to international prominence and ignited a revival of occult interest and activity which would become the modern Spiritualist movement. People longed for a new religion and it was estimated that, by 1851, there were 100 mediums in New York City alone. Séances became the vogue in Europe where mediums were in demand to entertain guests with physical and mental phenomena at private parties. In England, clairvoyants would consult the dead for a guinea a sitting. James Webb draws the inference,
"They could shout in the face of the bogey Darwin that they knew they were more than the outcome of a biological process, that they too had 'scientific proof'–and theirs was the reality of the after-life." (18)
Alan Gauld, author of The Founders of Psychical Research, estimated that, in England, by the 1860's and 70's "…the existence of four fairly successful periodicals suggests that the number of active Spiritualists must have been well into five figures. The numbers of those influenced by Spiritualism, or at least interested in it, may have been perhaps ten times greater." (19)
The Anglican Spiritualists
The perplexity and inquisitiveness of the age had led to the formation of numerous Spiritualist societies. One of the early pioneers of Spiritualist inquiry was the Ghost Society at the University of Cambridge, England. The Founders of Psychical Research records the stated objective of the Cambridge Ghost Society:
"In 1851, was founded at Cambridge a Society to 'conduct a serious and earnest inquiry into the nature of the phenomena vaguely called supernatural,' and a number of distinguished persons became members." (20)
The Ghost Society is also described in the biography of one of its founding members, The Life, and Letters of Fenton John Anthony Hort, by Arthur Hort.
"Two other societies…were started…in both of which Hort seems to have been the moving spirit…the other called by its members 'The Ghostly Guild.' The object was to collect and classify authenticated instances of what is now called 'psychical phenomena'…the 'Bogie Club' as scoffers called it, aroused a certain amount of derision, and even some alarm; it was apparently born too soon." (21)
The Society for Psychical Research: An Outline of its History and the Life of Edward White Benson by his son, Arthur, present further documentation of the distinguished founders of the Cambridge Ghost Society:
"Among the numerous persons and groups who in the middle of the nineteenth century were making inquiries into psychical occurrences may be mentioned a society from which our own can claim direct descent. In the Life of Edward White Benson, Archbishop of Canterbury, by his son, A. C. Benson will be found, under the year 1851-2, the following paragraph:
'Among my father's diversions at Cambridge was the foundation of a 'Ghost Society,' the forerunner of the Psychical Society [meaning the S.P.R.] for the investigation of the supernatural. Lightfoot, Westcott, and Hort were among the members. He was then, as always, more interested in psychical phenomena than he cared to admit.'
"Lightfoot and Westcott both became bishops and Hort Professor of Divinity. The S.P.R. has hardly lived up to the standard of ecclesiastical eminence set by the parent society." (22)
Canon J.B. Lightfoot, Bishop B.F. Westcott, and Professor of Divinity F.J.A. Hort also served on the Revision Committee for the English Revised Version of 1881. Drs. Westcott and Hort produced a New Greek Text and created a new theory of textual criticism for this revision of the Authorized Version of 1611. Edward White Benson, who became Archbishop of Canterbury in 1883, married Mary Sidgwick. Edward and Mary became the parents of Robert Hugh Benson, who converted to Roman Catholicism during the Oxford Movement led by John Henry Newman. (23) Mary's brother, Henry Sidgwick married Eleanor Balfour, the sister of Arthur Balfour, who became a future Prime Minister of England. Gauld reflects —
"To say that the Sidgwicks had friends in high places would be an enormous understatement. They were also, I should guess, among the most intellectual couples of the century." (24)
Arthur Balfour's brother, Gerald, was also the brother-in-law of Emily Lutyens, a disciple of Theosophist Annie Besant and foster-mother of Jiddu Krishnamurti, who was thought to be Lord Maitreya, the World Teacher of the new age.
"Lady Emily Lutyens, the wife of the architect, is interesting in this context. Before joining the Theosophical Society she had interested herself in state-regulated prostitution, and toyed with the notion of Women's Suffrage. Her sister, Constance, went the whole way, was jailed and forcibly fed. Converted by Mrs. Besant, Emily became for ten years the devoted "foster-mother" and adherent of Krishnamurti. . . even among the highest reaches of society the crisis of consciousness made itself felt. The supernatural was no stranger to the family of Emily Lutyens.
"She herself had been born Emily Lytton, the granddaughter of the occultist Bulwer Lytton, and was the sister-in-law of Gerald Balfour, who with his brother Arthur became president of the Society for Psychical Research. The Balfours' sister, Nora, married Henry Sidgwick, whose own sister, Mary, became the wife of Edward White Benson, and the mother of Robert Hugh. Within this family connection, it is quite natural to find at least one devoted Theosophist." (25)
As an undergraduate at Cambridge, B.F. Westcott also founded the Hermes Club, which he named after the Graeco-Egyptian deity, Hermes Trismegistus. Subsequent Hermetic societies founded by other Spiritualists would become famous in England — one organized in 1884 by Anna Kingsford and Edward Maitland, which was in close contact with the Theosophical Society, (26) and The Order of the Golden Dawn founded by MacGregor Mathers and Wynn Westcott. James Webb has elucidated the meaning of Hermes:
"In the history of the Secret Traditions the Hermetica became important because of the great value place on them in Renaissance Europe; in their context they are significant because they typify this magical attitude to life. The fact that Hermes is taken here as the founder of astrology, alchemy, or magic, the revealer of occult correspondences, is useful to emphasize that European attempts at practicing astrology, alchemy, or magic, often called the "Hermetic sciences," have their origins in the same period of religious ferment as saw the flourishing of the Mysteries and the birth of Neo-Platonism… the philosophical position of the Hermetica, with its doctrine, that matter is evil and to be escaped, can be paralleled by the Gnostics." (27)
In her Theosophical Glossary, Madame H.P. Blavatsky also reported the extensive use of Hermetic doctrines in Gnostic writings:
"Hermetic. Any doctrine or writing connected with the esoteric teachings of Hermes . . . Though mostly considered as spurious, nevertheless the Hermetic writings were highly prized by St. Augustine, Lactantius, Cyril and others. In the words of Mr. J. Bonwick, 'They are more or less touched up by the Platonic philosophers among the early Christians (such as Origin and Clemens Alexandrinus) who sought to substantiate their Christian arguments by appeals to these heathen and revered writings, though they could not resist the temptation of making them say a little too much.' Though represented by some clever and interested writers as teaching pure monotheism, the Hermetic or Trismegistic books are, nevertheless, purely pantheistic . . . " (28)
A contemporary of B.F. Westcott, Mme. Blavatsky classified Westcott with the Gnostic philosophers, even laughing him to scorn in her channeled work, Isis Unveiled, for his credulity of The Pastor of Hermas. It seems that Anglican scholars gave the weight of Scripture to apocryphal literature from the occult underground with which she was familiar:
"In their immoderate desire to find evidence for the authenticity of the New Testament, the best men, the most erudite scholars even among Protestant divines, but too often fall into deplorable traps. We cannot believe that such a learned commentator as Canon Westcott could have left himself in ignorance as to Talmudistic and purely kabbalistic writings. How then is it that we find him quoting, with such serene assurance as presenting 'striking analogies to the Gospel of St. John,' passages from the work of The Pastor of Hermas, which are complete sentences from kabbalistic literature?" (29)
The Anglican Apostasy
In the early nineteenth century, England had experienced a series of Christian revivals which were continuations of the Methodist revival and during which formed the Evangelical party of the Anglican Church. Evangelicals converted during this awakening recovered the doctrines of salvation which had long been obscured by the sacramentalism and other enormities of the Church of England. Secular historian Alan Gauld noted the profound influence of the Evangelicals upon English society:
"By the eighteen-thirties Evangelicalism had begun to affect the whole life of the nation . . . Many writers have suggested that it was from the zeal and influence of the Evangelicals, and even from the legislation which they brought about, that some of the factors most characteristic of the Victorian middle-class way of life derived. Halevy says that Evangelical religion was 'the moral cement of English society.'" (30)
Gauld highlighted the distinguishing feature of the Evangelical community: "It is indeed the pattern of family life which Evangelicalism disseminated so widely that seems in retrospect its most important legacy." Notwithstanding so rich a religious heritage, the spiritual casualties among Evangelical youth were legion.
"The faith of children who were born into such households during the second quarter of the nineteenth century was to be severely tested. These children grew to maturity in a period when, for the first time in almost two hundred years, the discoveries and speculations of scientists and scholars were coming into marked and public conflict with the teachings of Christianity. It was, tragically enough, the most sensitive and the most intelligent Christians who were the most liable to succumb." (31)
As detrimental as Darwin's theory of natural selection, were other pernicious elements corrupting the younger generation of England and future clergy of the Anglican Church. The German scholar, Schleiermacher, was by this time molding the theology of Oxford and Cambridge in the Gnostic tradition. And the High Romantic poets of pantheism, William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, were assiduously read and highly revered among the university intelligentsia. Coleridge, who ultimately died of an opium addiction,
"…had been to Germany and returned as a fervent devotee of its theology and textual criticism. At Cambridge University he became the star around which grouped a constellation of leaders in thought, Thirwall, (F.J.A.) Hort, Moulton and Milligan, who were all later members of the English Revision Committee." (32)
Another corruptive catalyst was the empiricist philosophy of John Stuart Mill, whose works attained enormous prestige at Cambridge and throughout England. The dominant theme of Mill's Logic, (1843) was that the only legitimate source of information man has about the world is the physical senses; conversely, "faith" is not a valid foundation for belief.
The failure of much Anglican hierarchy to repudiate the higher critics and radical freethinkers scandalized the Evangelicals, whose outraged response was considered reactionary by the scholarly community. In 1861, Benjamin Jowett and six liberal Churchmen published a volume entitled Essays and Reviews, in which they expressed alarm lest, "…the majority of Churchmen, by holding fast the narrow, fundamental beliefs, should estrange themselves more and more from contemporary thought." (33) Jowett himself maintained, "Scripture must be interpreted like any other book and some of the essayists were even more radical in their tone." The portents of apostasy in the Church of England were ominous.
"It seemed to conservative Christians quite appalling that at a time when the impregnable rock of Holy Scripture was being undermined by Darwin and his allies, a group of those whose sacred duty should have been to shore it up again had conspired to hammer their wedges not under it but into it." (34)
Many of the younger men of Trinity College at Cambridge were repelled by the Orthodox censure of the new speculations. In 1861 Henry Sidgwick, a Fellow and leading figure at Trinity, publicly defended the liberal manifesto of the clerical freethinkers: "As a learned divine (Mr. Westcott) expresses it, they love their early faith, but they love truth more." (35) Sidgwick finally resigned his Fellowship at Trinity College in 1869 on the grounds that he "could not continue in that assent to the doctrines of the Church of England which had been a condition of his appointment." It is noteworthy that in spite of this declaration, Sidgwick would be appointed to a position as professor of moral philosophy in 1892. Gauld records the rapid decline in spiritual aspirations among younger Cambridge men:
"Scepticism based on science flowed into and reinforced the older stream of doubt stemming from historical and ethical considerations. Their joint effect may be traced in the fact that whilst the outstanding Cambridge men of the 1840's — B. F. Westcott, C. B. Scott, J. Llewellyn Davies, J.E.B. Mayer, Lord Alwyne Compton, E.H, Bickersteth, C. F. Mackenzie, Charles Evans, J. B. Lightfoot, E. W. Benson and F.J.A. Hort — all took Orders (three of them becoming great clerical headmasters and six bishops), the outstanding Cambridge intellectuals of the 1870's — the Trinity group centring on Henry Sidgwick and Henry Jackson and including Frederic Myers, G. W. and A. J. Balfour, Walter Leaf, Edmund Gurney, Arthur Verrall, F. W. Maitland, Henry Butcher and George Prothero — tended towards agnosticism or hesitant Deism." (36)
Henry Sidgwick, Frederic Myers and Edmund Gurney were from devout Evangelical families and were sons of clergymen, as were their mentors at Cambridge, Brook Foss Westcott, Fenton John Anthony Hort and Edward White Benson. Sidgwick and Myers had matriculated at Trinity with the intent of entering the episcopate of the Church of England, Sidgwick having been influenced by his cousin E. W. Benson, who was a master at Cambridge before becoming a bishop and eventually the head of the Anglican Church. Alan Gauld explains Henry Sidgwick's mysterious change of mind:
"…the waning of his clerical ambition seems to have been the result of his election in 1857 to membership of the Apostles, a small but extremely select discussion society founded in the early part of the century." (37)
Gauld hints that the ideological disposition of this elite society was toward the design of a future global harmonization: "(The) Apostles had hoped that developments in the social sciences would before long make possible an equitable and frictionless society." (38) He notes also the club's profound effect upon its members: "The spirit of the society gradually came to absorb and dominate Sidgwick completely and to influence the whole direction of his life." (39) Sidgwick's memoirs state, "…the tie of attachment to this society is much the strongest corporate bond which I have known in my life." F.J.A. Hort and B.F. Westcott were also members, Arthur Hort describing his father's ardor and influence:
"…in June (1851) joined the mysterious Company of the Apostles…He remained always a grateful and loyal member of the secret Club, which has now become famous for the number of distinguished men who have belonged to it. In his time the Club was in a manner reinvigorated, and he was mainly responsible for the wording of an oath which binds members to a conspiracy of silence. " (40)
Young Fenton Hort had initial reservations about joining the Apostles, but a letter from Dr. F. D. Maurice whose "teaching was the most powerful element in his religious development," persuaded him to join. In Hort's words, Maurice was "the well-known radical" who was expelled from his position at King's College in 1853 for heretical views on cardinal doctrines of the faith, having published a story on the "divine unconscious humanity." (41) Hort explained his change of heart to a Rev. John Ellerton:
"Meanwhile I had (don't open your eyes too wide!) been asked to join the 'Apostles'; I declined, but after hearing a good deal which shook me, begged time to consider. Meanwhile, I wrote to Maurice for impartial counsel, telling my objections, and his second letter contained a P.S. which left me no alternative. He said 'he could not advise me impartially.' His 'connection with them had moulded his character and determined the whole course of his life'; he owed them more than he could express in any words…" (42)
An elite club for elder Apostles, the Eranus, was founded in 1872 by B.F. Westcott, J.B. Lightfoot and F.J.A. Hort. Arthur Hort records his father's membership in this select society:
"He also regularly went to the meetings of a sort of senior 'Apostles' called the 'Eranus,' a club composed of elder men of various tastes and pursuits…" (43)
Henry Sidgwick, also a member, provided Arthur a profile of the Eranus for his father's biography:
"The originator of the idea was the present Bishop of Durham (Westcott), and he, together with Lightfoot and your father, may be regarded as constituting the original nucleus of the club…It was not designed to have, nor has it from first to last had, a preponderantly theological character; on the contrary, its fundamental idea was that it should contain representatives of different departments of academic study, and afford them regular opportunities for meeting and for an interchange of ideas…" (44)
One eminent scholar who addressed the Eranus in 1897 was Lord Acton, a Roman Catholic who was appointed by Gladstone to the position of Professor of History at Cambridge. Lord Acton was distinguished for his vision of the ultimate "Universal History," a mystical belief in a universal conscience of the human race which enables mankind to gradually evolve morally, and to progress in civilization to overcome the world. (45) James Webb correlated Lord Acton's Universalism with the vision of religious unity undertaken by the Parliament of the World's Religions at its opening conference in 1893." (46)
The Society For Psychical Research
The Anglican clergymen who founded societies for Spiritualist inquiry became dignitaries in the Church of England. However, the younger Cambridge intellectuals whom they had disciplined in Spiritualist endeavors settled to work to establish a scientific basis for Spiritualistic investigation and proceeded to develop psychical research into a respected branch of knowledge.
"Of these (groups) the most important was that centered around Henry Sidgwick, Frederic Myers and Edmund Gurney, all Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge and deriving its inspiration from the Cambridge University Ghost Society, founded by no less a person than Edward White Benson, the future Archbishop of Canterbury." (47)
In 1882, Henry Sidgwick, Frederic Myers, Edmund Gurney, Arthur and Gerald Balfour founded the Society for Psychical Research. Sidgwick who became the first president of the S.P.R. continued in this position for nine years. His prestigious connections and influence at Cambridge drew a number of distinguished persons into the Society, which James Webb speculates fulfilled the function of "Spiritualist church for intellectuals." Future Prime Minister Arthur Balfour, who was Sidgwick's ablest student at Cambridge, would serve as president of the S.P.R., as did his brother, Gerald Balfour, and sister, Eleanor Sidgwick. The record shows:
"In 1887, Council Members and Honorary Members of the SPR included a past Prime Minister (William Gladstone)…and a future Prime Minister (Arthur Balfour); …2 bishops; and Tennyson and Ruskin, two of the outstanding literary figures of the day;…'Lewis Carroll'…with a surprising number of titled persons." (48)
William Gladstone, Prime Minister from 1865-74, called psychical research, "The most important work, which is being done in the world. By far the most important work." William James, the famous psychologist, philosopher, and father of author Henry James, became president of the American S.P.R. in 1885. However, in its industry and operation,
"… the driving force of the S.P.R. came very largely from the group of younger Trinity men of the 1870's mentioned previously (p. 64), as having turned, often with reluctance, towards agnosticism. Among the eleven who were named, six — Sidgwick, Myers, Gurney, the two Balfours, and Walter Leaf became not merely members of the S.P.R., but its principle organizers, its very engine room. Closely linked with them was Sidgwick's wife, Nora, and one of his former students, Richard Hodgson." (49)
The Society for Psychical Research: An Outline of Its History, by W.H. Salter, President in 1947-8, mentions this detail as to Nora Sidgwick, who became principal of Newnham College, Cambridge in 1892:
"Mrs. Sidgwick…did not join the Society till 1884, for fear, apparently, that an open connection with so unorthodox a venture might prejudice Newnham College, in which then recent foundation she held a responsible position." (50)
The original objective of the S.P.R. was to conduct research into "that large group of debatable phenomena designated by such terms as mesmeric, psychical and spiritualistic." Committees were organized to examine telepathy, hypnotism, mesmeric trance, clairvoyance, ESP, apparitions, haunted houses, and to determine the laws of physical spiritualistic phenomena. In recognition of the important work accomplished by Benson, Westcott and Hort — the leaders of its precursor, the Cambridge Ghost Society — the S.P.R. Historical Outline posits,
"It would hardly have been possible for the new Society to undertake an enquiry of such a kind or on such as scale if several of its leading members had not already gained previous experience of the difficulties attaching to that type of investigation." (51)
In its early stages, the S.P.R. held séances in the townhouse of Arthur Balfour of which his sister Eleanor was the principle organizer. Various mediums of reputation were investigated with the purpose of ruling out charlatans and determining if entities from the spirit realm or deceased persons did in fact communicate with the living. In 1884, Madame H.P. Blavatsky, founder of the Theosophical Society, was graciously interviewed by a committee of the S.P.R. Although Richard Hodgson later would report "the tangle of fraud, intrigue and credulity" associated with her work in India, the SPR was at first —
"…considerably impressed by the evidence of Mme Blavatsky and her friends, and in a report, circulated within the Society but not published, declared: 'On the whole (though with some serious reserves) it seems undeniable that there is a prima facie case for some part at least of the claim made.'" (52)
Later investigations yielded positive results in the area of mental phenomena from prominent mediums, such as Mrs. Thompson and Piper, who were able to conduct "cross-correspondences" devised by the spirits of deceased S.P.R. members to communicate with their colleagues. (53) Edmund Gurney and Frank Podmore, as Secretaries of the S.P.R., investigated and classified information on numerous mediums and, with Frederic Myers, wrote Phantasms of the Living. Gauld notes that Myers and Podmore, who wrote the classic Modern Spiritualism, may have been practicing homosexuals. (54) Gurney died unexpectedly in 1888 from an overdose of chloroform and there was considerable speculation of suicide. Frank Podmore was found drowned in 1910. (55)
In 1896, Frederic Myers joined the Synthetic Society, founded by Arthur Balfour and modeled upon the famous Metaphysical Society. The Synthetic Society was devoted, not to the mere discussion of religious and philosophical questions, but to "contribute towards a working philosophy of religious belief." Myers read two papers to this Society, which Gauld surmises "were based upon communications from the departed spirits with whom he was now convinced that he was in genuine contact." (56) Myers had developed and written in the SPR Proceedings a detailed theory of the subliminal self, upon which he based his worldview and which emerges in Gauld's summary of the five points presented in these papers:
"(1) The 'preamble of all religions,' the primary belief from which they all begin, is that our . . . material world is interpenetrated and to an extent acted upon, by another order of things, an unseen spiritual world. . . it is only if the existence and nature of such a world can be established scientifically that we may expect any rapprochement between the warring sects; (2) 'The founders of religions have attempted to begin at once with the highest generalizations. Starting from the existence of God…It is possible that in all this mankind may have begun at the wrong end…'(3) …we possess or are evolving capacities which transcend merely terrene laws; (4) We can therefore obtain information about the metetherial plane by 'communicating' with the discarnate in the orthodox ways…their state is one of endless evolution in wisdom and love; (5)…the metetherial realm (is) a World Soul from contact with which we can in a suitable frame of mind draw in a revitalising strength and Grace…And linked to all…is a Universal Spirit…(whose) benefits may come directly through the World Soul…or are so to speak channelled through spirits nearer to, but still above, us." (57)
In the early 20th century, Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung were SPR Corresponding Members and contributed to the S.P.R. Journal of Proceedings. (58) In a recent expose of Jung's occult proclivities, The Jung Cult, Richard Noll gives substantial credit to Myers and the S.P.R. for Jung's major theories.
"With the founding of the Society for Psychical Research in England in 1882 and the copious publications of its investigators, new models of the unconscious mind emerged. The most respected model was that of the 'subliminal self' by Frederick Myers (1843-1901), the 'mythopoetic' (myth-making) function of which resembles Jung's later conception of a collective unconscious. Jung read widely in the literature of psychical research in medical school and his 1902 dissertation cites the work of Myers and others in this school." (59)
The Founders of Psychical Research closes with the observation that psychical research emerged from the occult underground to a position of respectability within the establishment, largely due to the intellectual stature of the Society for Psychical Research.
"The concluding volume of the popular Harnsworth History of the World (1909) presents the work of the S.P.R. as the culminating point in the story of Mankind. Twenty or thirty years previously psychical research had met with much derision and hostility, but now the climate of opinion seemed to be changing for the better." (60)
In 1887, based on his investigation of deceased persons believed to inhabit the spirit realm, Frederic Myers forecast the future of psychical research:
"I do not feel the smallest doubt now that we survive death, and I am pretty confident that the whole world will have accepted this before A.D. 2000." (61)
The Society for Psychical Research is still active in London and is also accessible on the Internet. Current publications offered by the S.P.R. to interested seekers include:
"Hints On Sitting With Mediums; Tests For Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis; Trance Mediumship: An Introductory Study of Mrs. Piper and Mrs Leonard; Guide to the Investigation of Apparitions, Hauntings, Poltergeists and Kindred Phenomena; Psychical Research Past and Present; Survival: A Reconsideration, Do We Survive Bodily Death? Parapsychology and the UFO . . ." (62)
The Fabian Society
In 1881, Frank Podmore, who had joined the early Sidgwick group, met Edward Pease at one of the Spiritualist séances that were the vogue in London, at which time they became close friends. The next year he invited Pease to attend a meeting of this group in which the S.P.R. was formed. Norman and Jeanne MacKenzie relate this epic event in their history of The Fabians:
"In this same period a group of young dons from Trinity College, Cambridge, were also turning to psychic research as a substitute for their lost Evangelical faith. In February 1882, Podmore took Pease to a meeting at which this group founded the Society for Psychical Research . . . Among those who founded the SPR were Henry Sidgwick, Arthur Balfour — later a conservative Prime Minister — and his brother, Gerald." (63)
Edward Pease spent one year in the S.P.R. as secretary of its haunted-houses committee, but then turned to politics with the conviction that a social revolution was necessary. For a time he worked with an associate of Karl Marx, Henry Hyndman who founded the radical Social Democratic Federation. However, Pease was of the opinion that social revolution must begin with educating the intellectual and wealthy classes rather than fomenting agitation among the working class. He organized a Progressive Association which was joined by Podmore and other young fallen away Evangelicals.
The Association split into the Fellowship of the New Life, a commune with utopian illusions, and a research/debating group which Podmore named the Fabian Society, after the Roman general who defeated Hannibal. Fabius Cunctator's strategy which was to guide the Fabians was summarized in Podmore's words: "For the right moment, you must wait…when the time comes you must strike hard." The Fabians soon attracted intellectuals from various other dissident organizations. Of these, Sidney Webb, Bernard Shaw, and Annie Besant were members of the Dialectical Society influenced by the liberal millenarian aspirations of John Stuart Mill. As of 1886, the Fabian executive committee was comprised of Pease, Podmore, Besant, Shaw, and Webb. However, in 1889, Annie Besant was converted to the cult of Theosophy by Madame Blavatsky, whom she succeeded in 1891 as president of the Theosophical Society.
Upon this revolutionary base, Sidney Webb, his wife Beatrice and playwright George Bernard Shaw built an organization which educated the intellectuals, bohemians and disillusioned clergy of England in the art of "permeating" and using the machinery of government for their own socialist ends. The MacKenzie's observed, "There was, indeed, no clear dividing line between spiritual discontent and political radicalism in the netherworld of dissent." Bernard Shaw and Sidney Webb argued that "socialism could be proposed without forfeiture of moral credit by a bishop as well as a desperado." (64) The formation of the Christian Socialists and the Christian Social Union created the vehicle by which socialist doctrine would permeate the Anglican Church.
"…the first Fabians…had almost all lapsed Anglicans from Evangelical homes. There was a Christian fringe to the London socialism of the eighties, but this too was Anglican. The Christian Socialists came together in Stewart Headlam's Guild of St. Matthew and the Land Reform Union; and the more respectable Christian Social Union, formed in 1889 — seeking in Fabian style to permeate the Anglican Church — soon attracted more than two thousand clerical members. Dissenting clergymen too began to find a place in the Fabian Society and the London Progressives, while Unitarian churches and centres like Stanton Coit's Ethical Church provided a meeting place for believers and idealist agnostics . . . Socialism was for all of them, the new Evangelism." (65)
As Bishop of Durham, B.F. Westcott also served as the first president of the Christian Social Union. The subject of an address at Manchester in November of 1895 was Christian Law, which Westcott postulated changes to adapt to variable social conditions:
"The Christian Law then is the embodiment of the truth for action, informs answering to the conditions of society from age to age. The embodiment takes place slowly and can never be complete. It is impossible for us to rest indolently in conclusions of the past. In each generation, the obligation is laid on Christians to bring new problems of conduct into the divine light and to find their solution under the teaching of the Spirit." (66)
In 1894, the Fabian Society designated a large bequest to found the London School of Economics and Political Science. Philosopher Bertrand Russell served on the Administration Committee while Arthur Balfour contributed £2000 and also collaborated with Sidney Webb to introduce legislation in Parliament which would give the school university status. H.G. Wells, who had recently joined the Fabians, was "branching out into speculations about a new social order which naturally interested the Webbs." (67) An elite group of Twelve Wise Men, which included Russell and Wells, were selected as the "Co-Efficients" who met to discuss and formulate:
"Ideas about racial improvement by selecting out the efficient…and Shaw was working on these 'eugenic' notions in his new play Man and Superman. Beatrice Webb called it 'the most important of all questions, the breeding of the right sort of man.'
"…Above all they were avowed elitists, intolerant of the cumbersome and apparently wasteful processes of democracy, who wanted to see England ruled by a superior caste which matched an enlightened sense of duty with a competence to govern effectively. All of them, moreover, shared Sidney's belief — which had led him to spend so much effort on London education and at the School of Economics — that social improvement depended upon the training of the superior manpower needed to carry out schemes of reform. Shaw was suggesting in his latest play that universal suffrage was a disaster, putting power in the hands of the 'riff-raff' and… Webb who could not wait until a new race of supermen had been bred up to establish the millennium, felt that improved education and intelligent politics would at least start the necessary process of regeneration." (68)
Established as a long-term investment to educate and train an elite workforce to carry out the schemes of socialist reform, the London School of Economics is now one of the largest schools of the University of London, having also an international reputation. Over half of its 5,000 students and academic staff are from outside of the United Kingdom. Five of its former staff members have won Nobel Prizes and its Journal of International Studies, Millennium, enjoys worldwide circulation and recognition. The L.S.E. also provides consultants to many organizations, including the U.K. government, international bodies such as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and the United Nations. (69) The Ford Foundation, which funds and whose members serve as trustees on the Council of Foreign Relations, (70) provided a grant in 1967 to the LSE for a Centre for International Studies. The European Institute of the LSE participates actively in the European Series conferences and hosted the 1996 conference which held discussions on the European Union, i.e., EMU: How Would a Single European Currency be Managed? European Governance and Law, Europe in the World Economy. (71)
The New Testament Scheme
The progenitor of the Society for Psychical Research and the Fabian Society was the Cambridge University Ghost Society, founded in 1851. In 1853, two years after founding said Ghost Society, F.J.A. Hort, and B. F. Westcott agreed, upon the suggestion of publisher Daniel Macmillan, to take part in "an interesting and comprehensive 'New Testament Scheme,'" that is, to undertake a joint revision of the Greek New Testament. (72) The project was withheld from public knowledge during the twenty years required by Westcott and Hort to complete the New Greek Text and during the subsequent ten years during which an English Revision Committee revised the 1611 Authorized Version. However, during this period of nearly thirty years, Drs. Westcott and Hort maintained their involvement in the Spiritualist pursuits of their various secret societies and political cabals: the Hermes Club, Ghost Society, Company of Apostles, and Eranus. The following entry appears in April 1853 in The Life and Letters of Fenton John Anthony Hort:
"One result of our talk I may as well tell you. He (Westcott) and I are going to edit a Greek text of the New Testament some two or three years hence, if possible. Lachmann and Tischendorf will supply rich materials, but not nearly enough, and we hope to do a good deal with Oriental versions. Our object is to supply clergymen generally, schools, etc., with a portable Greek text which shall not be disfigured with Byzantine corruptions." (Italics in original) (73)
The elimination of "Byzantine corruptions" would be the substitution of minority (1%) Alexandrian manuscripts for the Greek Textus Receptus, the Received Text which had been recognized for nearly two millennia of church history and which agrees with the majority (99%) of manuscripts extant. (74) Karl Lachmann (1793-1851) was the professor of Classical and German Philology in Berlin, and also a German rationalist and textual critic who produced modern editions of the New Testament in Germany in 1842 and 1850. David Cloud expounds:
"(Lachmann) began to apply to the New Testament Greek text the same rules that he had used in editing texts of the Greek classics, which had been radically altered over the years… Lachmann had set up a series of several presuppositions and rules which he used for arriving at the original text of the Greek classics… He now began with these same presuppositions and rules to correct the New Testament which he also presupposed was hopelessly corrupted." (75)
Lachmann furnished the critical authority for Drs. Westcott and Hort in their formulation of a method of Textual Criticism, known as the Westcott and Hort Textual Theory. They hypothesized that the original New Testament text had survived in near perfect condition in two manuscripts other than the Received Greek Text, which theory according to translators of the New King James Bible, "has since been discredited for lack of historical evidence." (76) In The Revision Revised, the brilliant textual scholar Dean John William Burgon refuted the claims of the Westcott-Hort Theory as:
"…the latest outcome of that violent recoil from the Traditional Greek Text, — that strange impatience of its authority, or rather denial that it possesses any authority at all, — which began with Lachmann just 50 years ago (viz. In 1831), and has prevailed ever since; its most conspicuous promoters being Tregelles (1857-72) and Tischendorf (1865-72) . . . Drs. Westcott and Hort have in fact outstripped their predecessors in this singular race. Their absolute contempt for the Traditional Text, — their superstitious veneration for a few ancient documents; (which documents however they freely confess are not more ancient than the 'Traditional Text' which they despise;) — knows no bounds." (77)
Dr. Hort had, in fact, repudiated the authority of Scripture, writing to a Rev. Rowland Williams in 1858, "There are, I fear still more serious differences between us on the subject of authority and especially the authority of the Bible." (78) To B.F. Westcott he wrote in 1860, "But I am not able to go as far as you in asserting the infallibility of a canonical writing." (79) In response to this admission of a heretical position, Westcott wrote:
"For I too 'must disclaim settling for infallibility.' In the front of my convictions all I hold is the more I learn, the more I am convinced that fresh doubts come from my own ignorance, and that at present I find the presumption in favor of the absolute truth — I reject the word infallibility — of Holy Scripture overwhelming." (80)
Constantin Tischendorf (1815-74) was a German textual editor whom Dr. Frederick Scrivener of the English Revision Committee ranked "the first Bible critic in Europe." Tischendorf traveled extensively in search of ancient documents and was responsible for finding the two manuscripts most relied upon in the Westcott-Hort Greek Text, the Codex Sinaiticus and Codex Vaticanus. Tischendorf discovered (c. A.D. 1844) the Vaticanus B manuscript in the Vatican Library and Sinaiticus Aleph in a wastebasket in a Catholic Convent at the base of Mt. Sinai. (81) In The Revision Revised, Dean Burgon described for his English readers the corrupt character of the manuscripts primarily used by Westcott and Hort, not to revise the Textus Receptus, but to create an altogether new Greek Text.
"It matters nothing that all four are discovered on careful scrutiny to differ essentially, not only from ninety-nine out of a hundred of the whole body of extant MSS, besides but even from one another. This last circumstance, obviously fatal to their corporate pretensions, is unaccountably overlooked. And yet it admits of only one satisfactory explanation: viz. That in different degrees they all five exhibits a fabricated text…We venture to assure [the reader] without a particle of hesitation, that Aleph, B, D, are three of the most scandalously corrupt copies extant: — exhibit the most shamefully mutilated texts which are anywhere to be met with: — have become, by whatever process (for their history is wholly unknown), the depositories of the largest amount of fabricated readings, ancient blunders, and intentional perversions of Truth, — which are discoverable in any known copies of the Word of God." (82)
The manuscripts in question were found to derive from an underground of occult scripture within Christendom that has been passed through successive generations since the apostolic era. As the occult Traditions have sought to infiltrate and transform the secular establishment, the Church has historically been attended by an Alexandrian Tradition, which seeks to smuggle Gnostic doctrines into the Sacred Canon via the "revision" or "correction" of Scripture. Bible scholar, Dr. Herman Hoskier parallels the folly of Israel returning to Egypt to the Anglican scribes searching for inspired writings in the ancient house of bondage:
"Nearly all revision appears to center in Egypt, and to suppose all the other documents wrong when opposed to these Egyptian documents is unsound and unscientific . . . those who accept the Westcott and Hort text are basing their accusations of untruth as to the GoGospel listspon an Egyptian revision current 200 to 450 A.D. and abandoned between 500 to 1881, merely revived in our day and stamped as genuine." (83)
The Revision Committee
In 1857, liberal Anglican churchmen petitioned the Government to revise the 1611 Authorized Version, but were refused permission. A general distrust of revising the sacred text was prevalent and Archbishop Trench, later a member of the Revision Committee, called the issue, "A question affecting…profoundly the whole moral and spiritual life of the English people… (with) vast and solemn issues depending on it." Nevertheless, in 1871, the Convocation of the Southern Province was appealed to and consented to a revision.
The Revision Committee was divided from the beginning, the majority of two-thirds being those in favor of applying German methods of higher criticism to the revision process. The first chairman, Bishop Wilberforce, resigned calling the work a "miserable business," and protested the presence on the committee of a Unitarian scholar, Dr. G. Vance Smith. Dr. Smith, who denied the divinity of Christ, had nonetheless participated in a communion service at Westminster Abbey upon the invitation of Bishop Westcott prior to the first committee meeting. (84) Dean John Burgon has recorded that committee members were bound to a pledge of silence. (85) David Otis Fuller stated in Which Bible? that the Westcott-Hort New Greek Text, which altered the Textus Receptus in 5,337 places,
". . . was, portion by portion, secretly committed into the hands of the Revision Committee . . . The minority members of the Revision Committee, and especially the world, had no knowledge of the twenty years' effort of these two Cambridge professors to base their own Greek Testament upon these two [Aleph and B] manuscripts." (86)
The liberal majority was guided by F.J.A. Hort, B.F. Westcott and J.B. Lightfoot, of whom "Hort's was the strongest will of the whole Company, and his adroit-ness in debate was only equaled by his pertinacity." Arthur Hort confirms that on the committee, "Hort seems to have been the dominating influence…" In 1861, Dr. Hort implied the necessity of stealth to Dr. Westcott —
"Also — but this may be cowardice — I have sort of a craving our text should be cast upon the world before we deal with matters likely to brand us with suspicion. I mean a text issued by men already known for what will undoubtedly be treated as dangerous heresy, will have great difficulties in finding its way to regions which it might otherwise reach, and whence it would not be easily banished by subsequent alarms." (87)
Subsequently pleased with the progress of the "New Testament Scheme," Dr. Hort wrote in 1870 to a friend:
"It is quite impossible to judge the value of what appear to be trifling alterations merely by reading them one after another. Taken together, they have often important bearings which few would think of at first…The difference between a picture say of Raffaelle and a feeble copy of it is made up of a number of trivial differences…We have successfully resisted being warned off dangerous ground…It is, one can hardly doubt, the beginning of a new period in Church history. So far the angry objectors have reason for their astonishment."(88)
In 1881, the English Revision Committee cast upon the world a New Greek Text and an English Bible which, in the words of one reviser contained "between eight and nine changes in every five verses, and in about every ten verses, three of these were made for critical purposes." A treatise on modern translations, Another Bible, Another Gospel, includes twenty tables which compare hundreds of Scripture verses — in the English Revised Version and in modern versions based on the New Greek Text — which undermine fundamental doctrines of the Christian faith. (89) One table examines modifications in the modern versions which change the interpretation of key verses pertaining to Bible prophecy. Obscured in the ERV and modern Bible versions are the identities of the future man of sin "who sitteth in the temple of God, shewing himself that he is God", the occult Mark of the Beast which he will cause all to receive and the Harlot religious system which is situated upon seven mountains. (II Thessalonians 3:3,4; Revelation 13:16-18; Revelation 17:9,10)
The secular historians of the nineteenth century progressive underground — James Webb, Alan Gauld, the MacKenzies — agree that the dominant figures in the occult/socialist movements were, with few exceptions, from Evangelical homes and whose the fathers were Anglican clergymen. The onslaught of skepticism, higher criticism and mysticism had assailed the citadel of Scripture but not the lofty ideal of social transformation which inspired Evangelical activism. The authors of The Fabians explained this anomaly —
"The lesson instilled by Evangelical parents had been given a secular form. Evolution or what (Sidney) Webb called Zeitgeist, had taken the place of Providence, yet what Webb described as 'blind social forces…which went on inexorably working out social salvation' did not relieve men of their moral responsibility. Victorian religion had taught that a belief in God's purposes must be accompanied by an effort to discern and advance them. Socialists who substituted a secular religion for the faith of their youth felt the same compulsion." (90)
Of the nineteenth century cast of noteworthy characters, it may be postulated that two figures stand preeminently at the fountainhead of the converging streams of twentieth century Spiritualism and globalism. During the thirty year period in which B.F. Westcott and F.J.A. Hort were employed in the creation of a New Testament Greek Text and revision of the English Bible, they also guided organizations dealing in matters occult and conspiratorial. Their progeny includes not only the plethora of contemporary versions based upon Egyptian recensions, but also the Society for Psychical Research, which first propounded the principles of both modern Spiritualism and Psychology, and the S.P.R. derivative, the socialist Fabian Society, which founded the globalist London School of Economics and Political Science. The contribution of Westcott and Hort to modern spiritualism and global integration is indeed vast and is increasing exponentially as the modern prophets of occult Traditions receive international power to give full expression to MYSTERY BABYLON, which rides the Beast of the apocalyptic vision.
Another Bible, Another Gospel
James Webb, The Occult Underground, Open Court Publishing Company, 1974, p. 114.
Ibid., p. 222.
Ibid., p. 7.
"The Apologetic Betrayal of the Gospel, Premise, Volume III, No. 6., July 30, 1996, " Mark Devine.
Ibid., "Friendship in the Salons."
"Kant, Immanuel," Microsoft (R) Encarta. 1993 Microsoft Corporation. 1993 Funk & Wagnall's Corporation.
Mark Devine, op. cit., "Putting Doctrine in its Place."
Ibid., "Friendship and Communion at Niesky and Barby."
James Webb., p. 7.
Ibid., pp. 7-8.
Ibid., pp. 21-26.
Alan Gauld, The Founders of Psychical Research, Schocken Books, New York: 1968, p. 77.
Ibid., pp. 66-7.
Arthur Hort, Life and Letters of Fenton John Anthony Hort, Vol. I, Macmillan & Co., 1896, pp. 171-72; pp. 211, 219-20. Available through The Bible For Today Press.
W.H. Salter, The Society For Psychical Research, An Outline of it's History, London, 1948, pp. 5, 6.
Alan Gauld, p. 116.
James Webb, p. 105.
Ibid., pp. 198-99.
H. P. Blavatsky, Theosophical Glossary, London, 1892, p. 140
H. P. Blavatsky, Isis Unveiled, Vol. II, Theosophical University Press, Pasadena, California, p. 243.
30 Alan Gauld, p. 35.
David Otis Fuller, Which Bible?, Grand Rapids International Publications, 1975, pp.271-72.
Alan Gauld, p. 49.
Arthur Hort, Vol. I, p. 170-71.
Ibid., p. 242; also pp. 41-2,61, 64, 67, 76, 83, 92, 98, 105-6.
Ibid., p. 196; also p. 198.
Ibid., Vol. II, p. 184.
"Professor Lord Acton," Owen Chadwick, Acton Institute, http://www.acton.org/
James Webb, p. 73.
Gauld, p. 140.
Ibid., pp. 140-141.
W.H. Salter, p. 14.
Ibid., p. 34; Gauld, pp. 274, 338.
Alan Gauld, pp. 90-1 ff., 143 ff.
Alan Gauld, p. 174; Webb p. 38.
W.H. Salter, p. 31;Gauld, p. 338-9.
Richard Noll, The Jung Cult, Princeton University Press, 1994, pp. 31-2.
Society for Psychical Research, 49, Marloes Rd., Kensington, London W8 6LA.
Norman and Jeanne MacKenzie, The Fabians, Simon & Schuster, 1977, p. 18.
Ibid., p . 110.
Arthur Westcott, Life and Letters of Brook Foss Westcott, New York Macmillan and Co., 1896, Vol. I, p. 197. Available through The Bible For Today Press.
Ibid., p. 290-91.
London School of Economics Experts, http://www.lse.ac.uk/experts/intro/ELSE.htm
Gary Kah, En Route to Global Occupation, Huntington House Publishers, Lafayette, LA, 1992, pp. 32, 61.
The British Council, European Series, http://www.britcoun.org/european/euroseries/eur97thm.htm
Arthur Hort, Vol. I, p. 240.
D.A. Waite, Th.D., Ph.D., Defending the King James Bible, The Bible For Today Press, 1992, pp. 54, 57.
David Cloud, Way of Life Encyclopedia, 1219 North Harns Road, Oak Harbor, WA 98277.
New King James Version, Preface, "The New Testament Text," Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1982.
John William Burgon, B. D., The Revision Revised, Dean Burgon Society Press, 1883, pp. 241-42, 270.
Arthur Hort, Vol. I., p. 400.
Arthur Westcott, op. cit., Vol. I, p. 207.
John William Burgon, p. 319.
Ibid., pp. 11, 12, 16.
David Otis Fuller, pp. 141-43.
John William Burgon, p. 24.
Fuller, pp. 293-95.
Arthur Hort, Vol. II, pp. 138-39.
Watch Unto Prayer, http://watch-unto-prayer.org
Mackenzie, pp. 115-16.
SOURCE: 19th Century Occult Revival by Dr. Barbara Aho
This is not my article. I am posting it under the fair use act for educational purposes. (Section 107 of the Copyright Act) I found it to be very informative and I decided to share it with all of you. I have posted it in its entirety, to include links and source material. I did however correct numerous spelling & grammer errors. FOr further information please contact the author or the source. May God bless you and yours.
Was Madame Blavatsky a student of Westcott and Hort (10)
barbara aho (7)
Olcott occult (2)
so-called easier to understand bible versions (1)
1611 King James Bible1881Alan Gauldand Letters of Fenton John Anthony HortAnother BibleAnother GospelArthur and Gerald BalfourArthur BalfourAV1611B.F. Westcott and F.J.A. HortBible versionsBishop B.F. WestcottCanon J.B. Lightfootcorrupt bible revisioncultDavid J. StewartDr. Barbara AhoEdmund GurneyEdward White BensonEnglish Revised VersionEranusFenton HortFenton John Anthony HortFrederic MyersGeorge W.F. HegelHenry SidgwickJames Webbking james bibleKJNkjvLucifer MagazineLuciferian-worshipping occultistsMark of the Beastmodern so-called easy-to-read Bible versionsMYSTERY BABYLONNew Greek TextNew Testament Greek TextNew Testament textoccultOccultists Helena P. Blavatsky and Henry S. OlcottOld TestamentRenaissance and Reformationrides the Beast of the apocalyptic visionRudolph KittlesSatanSociety for Psychical ResearchThe Founders of Psychical ResearchThe Lifethe MacKenziesTHE NINETEENTH CENTURY OCCULT REVIVALTheosophical SocietyTheosophist MagazineWestcott & HortWilliam Gladstone
Appologetics, Archeology, Bible, Bible History, Bible History, Jesus, King James Bible
NKJV /MEV Marijauna Bible
September 14, 2017 Rev. Kevin Airrington	Leave a comment
The NKJV/MEV too be sure the New King James Version and /or the Modern English Version ('updated' NKJV) is not a King James. They marketed it like that in order to SELL more bibles.
Here are my problems with this version…First, as is the photo I posted from the back of my KJB /NKJV Parallel Bible it says that the NKJV is the perfect transition bib le to the modern bibles. I call it the "Marijuana bible" LOL…although, I think we know more today and Marijuana is not necessarily a transition drug to all. It is true that like the KJB the NKJV uses the Textus Receptus (5309 manuscripts from Antioch)…however, it also uses the Critical Text (44 corrupt texts out of Alexandria). The KJ translators had the CT available to them but they discarded them.
Now here are some real PROBLEMS I have with the NKJV.
The NKJV IGNORES the Receptus over 1,200 times.
The NKJV
22 omissions of "hell",
23 omissions of "blood",
44 omissions of "repent",
50 omissions of "heaven",
51 omissions of "God",
66 omissions of "Lord".
NKJV omits the word "new testament" entirely
NKJV omits the word "damnation" entirely
NKJV omits the word "devils" entirely
NKJV omits the word "JEHOVAH" 100% of the time!
The NKJV makes a very serious doctrinal error when dealing with the word "JEHOVAH" in Exodus 6:3. They change the word "JEHOVAH" to "LORD" thus making the Bible contradict itself. Even the corrupt "New World Translation" (Jehovah's Witnesses Bible) has a better rendering of this passage. LOL and they use the same manuscripts.
So what does Exodus 6:3 say? Please read carefully – "And I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, by the name of God Almighty, but by my name JEHOVAH was I not known to them." (KJV)
Now please note what the NKJV says – "I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, as God Almighty, but by My name, LORD, I was not known to them." (NKJV)
If you will take a concordance and go back to Genesis 1 and go through to Exodus 6:3 you will notice that the word "LORD" is mentioned 242 times.
Did anyone before Exodus know God by the name of "LORD" before Exodus 6:3. The answer is a resounding, YES! Don't just sit there, look it up for yourself.
So to eliminate the word "JEHOVAH" is not only poor scholarship but also perverts and damages the text making it contradictory. It is a key passage that shows God as He reveals Himself BY ANOTHER NAME to mankind. Someone on the translation committee evidently does not like the name, "JEHOVAH."
DOCTRINAL PROBLEMS
DEALING WITH SALVATION
The NKJV confuses people about salvation. In Hebrews 10:14 it replaces "are sanctified" with "ARE BEING SANCTIFIED", and it replaces "are saved" with "ARE BEING SAVED."
In I Corinthians 1:18 and II Corinthians 2:15. The words "may believe" have been replaced with "MAY CONTINUE TO BELIEVE" in I John 5:13.
The old straight and "narrow" way of Matthew 7:14 has become the "DIFFICULT" way in the NKJV.
In II Corinthians 10:5 the KJV reads "casting down imaginations", but the NKJV reads "CASTING DOWN ARGUMENTS". The word "thought", which occurs later in the verse, matches "imaginations", not "arguments". This change weakens the verse.
The KJV tells us to reject a "heretick" after the second admonition in Titus 3:10. The NKJV tells us to reject a " DIVISIVE MAN". How nice! Now the Alexandrians and Ecumenicals have justification for rejecting anyone they wish to label as "divisive men".
According to the NKJV, no one would stoop so low as to "corrupt" God's word. No, they just "PEDDLE" it (II Cor. 2:17). The reading matches the Alexandrian versions.
The KJV correctly says, "For we are not as many, which corrupt the Word of God …. "But the NKJV, NASV, NIV and RSV, change "corrupt" to "peddling." Is there any great difference between peddling (selling, or making a gain of) the Word of God and corrupting (adulterating) it?
The NKJV gives us no command to "study" God's word in II Timothy 2:15.
KJV reads, "Study to shew thyself approved unto God." NKJV and NASV change "study" to "be diligent." NIV and RSV change "study" to "DO YOUR BEST."
KJV – "Because strait is the gate, and narrow is the way, which leadeth unto life…"
NKJV – "Because narrow is the gate and DIFFICULT is the way which leads to life,"
Is the way unto eternal life difficult? No, that is false teaching. The way unto eternal life is "strait," as the KJV says, meaning "constricted, restricted, distressed, narrow, restrained."
KJV – "Then came to him the mother of Zebedee's children with her sons, worshipping him…"
NKJV – "Then the mother of Zebedee's sons came to Him with her sons, KNEELING DOWN…"
This is a wicked change. To kneel is obviously not the same as worship. "Worship" was in Tyndale's translation of 1526. It was in the Matthew's Bible of 1537. It was the Geneva of 1537. It was in the Authorized Version of 1611. Even the English Revised version of 1881 and the American Standard Version of 1901 retained the word "worship." It was the modernistic Revised Standard Version of 1952 which changed to "kneeling." Now the NKJV editors follow this same wicked error.
KJV – "For some, when they had heard did provoke: howbeit not all that came out of Egypt by Moses."
NKJV – "For who having heard rebelled? Indeed, WAS IT NOT ALL who came out of Egypt led by Moses?"
Was it ALL or not all of them? The NKJV make this verse to say something directly contrary to the KJV and to the Old Testament. The Bible plainly says that not all of the Israelites rebelled against God, but the NKJV creates a contradiction.
The NKJV also lines up with the (NWT) Jehovah's Witness Perversion in dealing with the above.
DANIEL 3:25 The fourth person who was in the fiery furnace with Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, was identified as "the Son of God." The same identification is given in the text of the NKJV but a footnote reads "or, a son of the gods," and both NIV and NASV actually have the latter reading in their texts. I hate footnotes…it leaves DOUBT as to what God really said!
The NKJV is supposedly easier to read and understand but its impurities actually make it doubly deceptive and dangerous. The New King James Version / Modern English Version is a counterfeit my friend.
EASIER? HARDER!
And by changing thee's and thou's they actually change the meaning of the text. Jesus said, "Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God" (Matt. 4:4). He also said, "Heaven and earth shall pass away, but my words shall not pass away" (Matt. 24:35). Since Christ is concerned about every word, we should also be concerned about every word!
Let me help…and you will never be confused by thee and thou again. ? If it starts with T it is singular. If it starts with Y it is plural…see EASY!
Archaic words? Yes! But the NKJV has them too as does every bible. Many of the words are EASIER in the KJB than the NKJV.
Please decide what God is saying to Moses:
"And the LORD said to Moses, "How long do you refuse to keep My commandments and My laws?" (Exodus 16:28, NKJV)
It looks like God is saying, "Moses, you are continuing to refuse to keep My commandments and My laws." But look carefully at the accurate King James:
"And the LORD said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep my commandments and my laws?"
Now we understand! It was the people, not Moses, that God was upset with. "Ye" and "you" mean more than one person. "Thee," "thou," "thy," "thine," "doeth," "hast," etc., only mean one person. How do we know? The "y" is plural. The "t" is singular. Isn't that easy? Now you know what Jesus meant when He said to Nicodemus, "Marvel not that I said unto thee, Ye must be born again" (John 3:7).
What Jesus said was, "Nicodemus, marvel not that I said unto thee, all of you need to be born again." This is very important. Not only Nicodemus needed to be saved. But everybody, including him, needed to be born again. That's why Jesus used the plural.
NKJV Demotes Jesus Christ
NKJV KJV
Luke 13:8 Sir Lord
Matthew 18:26 before him saying, Master and worshipped him saying, Lord
Matthew 20:20 kneeling down worshipping him
Matthew 26:64 right hand of the Power right hand of power
Genesis 22:8 God will provide for himself the lamb God will provide himself a lamb
John 8:35 a son the Son
Colossians 2:2 the mystery of God, both of the Father and of Christ the mystery of God, and of the Father, and of Christ (Trinity)
Matthew 8:19 et al. Teacher Master
Matthew 19:16 Good Teacher Good Master
Matthew 22:16 Teacher Master
Matthew 23:8 One is your Teacher, the Christ one is your Master, even Christ
Matthew 23:10 And do not be called teachers, for One is your Teacher, the Christ Neither be ye called masters: for one is your Master, even Christ
NKJV Copies Jehovah Witness Version
Demotes Jesus Christ
Acts 3:13 His Servant Jesus his Son Jesus
Acts 4:27 holy Servant Jesus holy child Jesus
Colossians 1:15 the firstborn over all creation the firstborn of every creature
Mark 2:15 OMITTED Jesus
Hebrews 4:8 Joshua Jesus
Acts 7:45 Joshua Jesus
2 Thessalonians 3:5 patience of Christ patient waiting for Christ
Demotes Trinity
Acts 17:29 Divine Nature Godhead
Philippians 4:20 our God and Father God and our Father
Revelation 1:6 his God and Father God and his Father
Colossians 3:17 God the Father through Him God and the Father by him
John 14:16 Helper Comforter
John 16:7 Helper Comforter
Works/Progressive Salvation
1 Corinthians 11:1 Imitate Christ followers…of Christ
Romans 3:3 faithfulness faith
Romans 11:30 disobedient not believed
Romans 11:32 disobedient unbelief
1 Corinthians 1:18 are being saved are saved
Ephesians 2:8 have been saved are…saved
NKJV Supports New Age Ideas
Works Salvation
Matthew 7:14 difficult is the way narrow is the way
Galatians 5:22 faithfulness faith
1 John 5:13 may continue to believe may believe
Ecclesiastes 5:20 God keeps him busy God answereth him
Progressive Ages
Matthew 12:32 age to come world to come
Matthew 13:39 et al. end of the age end of the world
Acts 15:18 from eternity from the beginning of the world
1 Corinthians 15:45 Adam became a living being Adam was made a living soul
Pantheism, Androgyny, Gender Equity
Luke 7:19, 20 the Coming One he that should come
Matthew 11:3 the Coming One he that should come
John 7:18 et al. the One he, his
John 4:24 God is spirit God is a spirit
2 Corinthians 2:10 presence person
Genesis 2:18 helper comparable to him help meet for him
Self-Esteem ("The devil made me do it.")
Philippians 3:21 lowly bodies vile bodies
1 John 5:19 whole world lies under the sway of the wicked one whole world lieth in wickedness
Luke 11:4 deliver us from the evil one deliver us from evil
Matthew 5:37 the evil one of evil
2 Corinthians 1:12 boast rejoicing
Religious Tolerance – One World Religion
Acts 24:14 sect heresy
Acts 17:22 very religious too superstitious
Psalms 19:1 nations heathen
Acts 8:9 astonished bewitched
Acts 25:19 religion superstition
2 Corinthians 10:5 casting down arguments casting down imaginations
Titus 3:10 Reject a divisive man an heretic…reject
Relative/Subjective Standards
Matthew 5:32 et al. sexual immorality fornication
1 Corinthians 6:9 homosexual (catamites only) effeminate
omit all perverted persons sodomite
2 Timothy 3:17 complete perfect
New Age Name Game/Jargon
Matthew 23:10 et al. the Christ Christ
Psalms 109:6 omit Satan
Romans 6:24 et al. slave servant
omit 22x hades hell
omit 81x demon(s) devil(s)
Revelation 13:16 et al. a mark on their hand a mark in their hand
1 Samuel 13:21 the charge…was a pim (positive identification microchip) they had a file…for the coulters
NKJV Uses Harder Words than KJV
NKJV Hard Word KJV Easy Word
2 Corinthians 3:12 we use great boldness of speech we use great plainness of speech
Amos 5:21 savor smell
2 Corinthians 5:2 habitation house
Ecclesiastes 2:3 gratify give
Isaiah 28:1, 4 verdant fat
Isaiah 34:6 overflowing fat
Isaiah 13:12 mortal man
Deuteronomy 28:50 elderly old
Judges 19:29 limb bones
Job 2:10 adversity evil
1 Samuel 16:14 distressing evil
Jeremiah 19:3 catastrophe evil
2 Kings 22:16 calamity evil
Ecclesiastes 12:1 difficult evil
Ecclesiastes 8:5 harmful evil
Ezekiel 5:16 terrible evil
HARD WORDS FOUND IN THE NKJV
Abase, abashed, abode, adhere, admonish, adversity, aground, algum, alienate, alighting, allays, allotment, alloy, aloof, alms, amend, amiss, annihilated, anise, antitype, arbitrate, apprehended, archives, armlets, ascertain, asps, attire, austere, backbite, banishment, baths [not to get clean,] bdellium, befalls, beggarly, begetting, behemoth, belial, beseech, betrothal, beveled, birthstools, bittern, bleat, booty, borne, breach, brandished, bray, bristling, buffet, buckler, bulrush, burnished, butress, calamus, caldron, capital, carcasses, carnally, carrion, cassia, caulkers, centurion, chalcedony, chalkstones, chaste, chasten, chrysolite, chrysoprase, circumspect, cistern, citadel, citron, clamor, cleft, cloven, commission, commonwealth [not shared money,] compound, concede, compulsory, conciliation, concubine, congealed, contemptuously, confederacy, contingents, corban, coriander, countenance, couriers covert, crags, crescents, crest, cropped, cubit, custodian [not the one who cleans the school halls,] curds, dainties, dandled, daubed, dappled, dayspring, denarii, deposed, deride, despoiled, diadem, diffuses, dilapidation, dispensation, disrepute, dissipation, diviner, docile, dragnet, dregs, drachmas, dropsy, dross, dryshod, eczema, edict, edification, elaborate, embellish, emitted, enigma, enmity, entrails, envoy, eventide, epistle, ephod, exorcise, expiration, faction, fallow, famish, fare, fatlings, feigned festal, fetched, fidelity, figurehead, filly, flanges, foreskin, fostered, fowlers, fuller furlongs, gad, garland, garrison, gaunt, gecko, graven, Hellenists, hew, homers, hoopoe, immutability, indignant, insolence, insubordination, intervene, itinerant, jackdaw, jeopardy, jubilation, kors, laden, lamentations, laud, lusty, mail [not a letter,] mammon, matrix [other than the movie,] mattock, mercenaries, mina [not a type of bird,] mite [not a bed bug,] moorings, nativity, offal, offscouring, omnipotent, oracle, pangs, papyrus [not a fruit,] paramours, parapet, penitents, perdition, phylacteries, pilfering, pillage, pims, pins [not like needles or bowling- has to do with a chariot,] pinions [not a type of nut,] plaited [not dishes,] platitudes, potentate, potsherd, poultice, Praetorium, prattler, principality, prodigal, proconsul, prognosticators, propitiation, pslatery, prow, pulverize, pyre, quadrans, quiver, rampart ravenous, ravished, raze [not to lift up,] reconciliation, recount, rend, renown, reprisal, retinue, rifled [does not have to do with guns,] rivulets, rogue, salute [ does not have to do with the army,] satiate, satraps, scruples, sepulcher, shamefaced, shards, Sheol, shod, shuttle [not a type of bus or spaceship,] siegeworks, sistrums [not an affectionate term for your sisters,] skiff, soothsayer, spelt straits, superfluous, supplanted, tamarisk, tares, tarries, temperate, terebinth, terrestrial, tetrarch, throng, timbrel, tittle, tresses, usury, vagabond, vassal, vehement, vermilion, verdure, verity, vestments, waifs, wane, wanton, warp, wend, wield, winebibber, woof, wrought.
None of the translators of the NKJV believed that either text was the Divinely preserved Word of God.
THE NKJV / MEV IS A DANGEROUS, COUNTERFEIT!