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USD / en
Trains from Secaucus Junction to George Washington Bridge Bus Station
Duration 44 min
Frequency 4/hour
Secaucus Junction
George Washington Bridge Bus Station
The average train between Secaucus Junction and George Washington Bridge Bus Station takes 44 min and the fastest train takes 36 min. The train runs at least 4 times per hour from Secaucus Junction to George Washington Bridge Bus Station. The journey time may be longer on weekends and holidays; use the search form on this page to search for a specific travel date.
Train, subway
Frank R Lautenberg Secaucus Upper Level
34 St - Penn Station
Secaucus Junction to George Washington Bridge Bus Station train times
Trains run every 15 minutes between Secaucus Junction and George Washington Bridge Bus Station. The earliest departure is at 08:18 in the morning, and the last departure from Secaucus Junction is at 23:29 which arrives into George Washington Bridge Bus Station at 00:24. All services require a transfer at NEW YORK PENN STATION and take an average of 44 min. The schedules shown below are for the next available departures.
NJ Transit, MTA
08:18 Secaucus Junction
09:02 George Washington Bridge Bus Station
Want to know about travelling from Secaucus Junction to George Washington Bridge Bus Station? We have put together a list of the most frequently asked questions from our users such as: What is the cheapest mode of transport?, What is the quickest option?, How much do tickets usually cost? and many more.
Is there a direct train between Secaucus Junction and George Washington Bridge Bus Station?
No, there is no direct train from Secaucus Junction to George Washington Bridge Bus Station. However, there are services departing from Frank R Lautenberg Secaucus Upper Level and arriving at 175 St via 34 St - Penn Station. The journey, including transfers, takes approximately 42 min.
How far is it from Secaucus Junction to George Washington Bridge Bus Station?
The distance between Secaucus Junction and George Washington Bridge Bus Station is 9 miles. The road distance is 14.3 miles.
Where do I catch the Secaucus Junction to George Washington Bridge Bus Station train from?
Secaucus Junction to George Washington Bridge Bus Station train services, operated by NJ Transit, depart from Frank R Lautenberg Secaucus Upper Level station.
Where does the Secaucus Junction to George Washington Bridge Bus Station train arrive?
Secaucus Junction to George Washington Bridge Bus Station train services, operated by MTA, arrive at 175 St station.
Where can I stay near George Washington Bridge Bus Station?
There are 2434+ hotels available in George Washington Bridge Bus Station. Prices start at $100 USD per night.
Secaucus Junction to George Washington Bridge Bus Station
Train trips from Secaucus Junction
Train Secaucus Junction to Yankee Stadium Train Secaucus Junction to Rockefeller Center Train Secaucus Junction to Exchange Place Station PATH Train Secaucus Junction to Trump Building Train Secaucus Junction to 7 World Trade Center Train Secaucus Junction to Empire State Building Train Secaucus Junction to Journal Square Transportation Center Train Secaucus Junction to Pennsylvania Station NY USA Train Secaucus Junction to Tuxedo Park NY USA Train Secaucus Junction to Weehawken Train Secaucus Junction to Chinatown NY USA Train Secaucus Junction to South Orange Train Secaucus Junction to New Rochelle Train Secaucus Junction to Villanova University Train Secaucus Junction to South Street Seaport Train Secaucus Junction to Elizabethtown PA USA Train Secaucus Junction to Rutherford Station Train Secaucus Junction to Kew Gardens Union Turnpike IND Queens Boulevard Line Train Secaucus Junction to Meatpacking District Train Secaucus Junction to Mountain Lakes Train Secaucus Junction to Philadelphia Airport PHL Train Secaucus Junction to Teterboro Train Secaucus Junction to Balthazar restaurant Train Secaucus Junction to W Hoboken Train Secaucus Junction to The Standard East Village New York Train Secaucus Junction to Port Washington NY USA Train Secaucus Junction to Detroit Train Secaucus Junction to Steinway St Train Secaucus Junction to 47 Av 48 St Train Secaucus Junction to Giants Stadium
Train trips to George Washington Bridge Bus Station
Train Yankee Stadium to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Harlem 125th St to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Times Square to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Glen Rock to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Montclair State University to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Jackson Heights Roosevelt Avenue 74th Street New York City Subway to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Upper West Side to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Metropolitan Museum of Art to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Hempstead to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Hastings on Hudson to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Dover NJ USA to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Perth Amboy to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Radio City Music Hall to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Doylestown to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Flushing Main St to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Pier 11 Wall St to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Santa Barbara to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Asbury Park to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Kean University to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train 79th Street Boat Basin to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Eastchester to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Scarsdale Station NY USA to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Spuyten Duyvil Station to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Museum of Modern Art NY USA to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Rochester to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Roselle Park to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Orange NJ USA to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Montreal to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train San Diego State University to George Washington Bridge Bus Station Train Newark Penn Station to George Washington Bridge Bus Station


'Why do only teachers have access to clean washroom, GU?
At Gujarat University, access to clean toilets seems to be the right of only teachers and administrative staff, not students. At GU 'bhavans' that offer various arts courses, the faculty washrooms on the first floor are clean but out of bounds for everyone else. The students, who are on campus for at least six hours at a stretch, have just two options: Forget using the loo or make do with the dirty, unhygienic one on the ground floor.
Older notices pasted on the faculty washrooms in the Department of Psychology, Bhasha Bhavan, and Samaj Vidya Bhavan state, "Only for teachers." The notices, which are visibly newer, issue a clear warning: 'No student is allowed'.
Students allege discrimination, saying the washrooms on the ground floor are so filthy that they raise serious risks of infection. "We spend at least six hours in the department. I was horrified when I saw the ladies' washroom locked and the other washroom on the first floor barred to students. I rushed to the toilet on the ground floor and it was so filthy that I almost puked. Most of the toilets have broken doors and latches too," said a student of psychology.
The students do not know when the notices were pasted but "it has been there since we started our academic session".
"It is not possible to avoid using the washroom for the entire duration that we spend on campus. What stops the varsity from keeping the students' washroom as clean as those reserved for faculty members? The university boasts about having a swanky campus.
Having wide roads is good. But the varsity needs to provide students with clean washrooms. It is a basic necessity," said a student studying at Samaj Vidya Bhavan.
Students are scared of asking the faculty members access to the cleaner washrooms. "We fear repercussion if we ask authorities to open the locked toilet or allow us to use the toilets on the floor we study," they said.
Student leaders claim that such apathy is one of the reasons stopping meritorious and quality students from taking admission in GU.
"GU has so many cases of discrimination, be it caste-based or other favouritism by teachers, but it is disgusting that the administration does not allow students to use clean wash-rooms. If they fear that students may leave the place unclean, they should hire someone to keep it clean," said student leader Parthiv Raj Kathwadia.
While Pyschology HoD Dr Kamayani Mathur did not respond to our calls, Bhasha Bhavan Director Ranjana Argade said, "We do not stop students from using the faculty members' washroom.
About renovation of toilets, Argade said it stopped and they have no information why.
Samaj Vidya Bhavan head Rajasi Clerk denies that students were being discriminated against.
"I am not sure who put the notices but students are not barred from using these toilets. I agree that the washrooms are not in a good state. We have made representation multiple times, hoping that it will get attention," she said.
Meanwhile, several attempts to contact GU VC Himanshu Pandya yielded no result.


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Category: Enter the Dragonfly
Spyro on the Switch, PC, and CTR
5:05 PM - Tuesday the 11th of June, 2019 - by dark52
In today's E3 Nintendo Direct it was very briefly revealed that the Spyro: Reignited Trilogy will indeed be releasing on the Nintendo Switch at long last, due on the 3rd of September the game will also be releasing on Steam at the same time.
It was also announced today that Spyro will be a playable driver in the upcoming Crash Team Racing: Nitro-Fueled. He won't be available at launch but will instead be unlocked in a free, post launch, Grand Prix event.
And in some Spyro: Enter the Dragonfly news, LXShadow recently discovered a couple of brand new cheat codes for the game including one that makes the game really slow!
Enter the Dragonfly
Comments (76 - Locked)
12:56 PM - Friday the 6th of June, 2008 - by dark52
It's another year that has rolled on by and darkSpyro celebrates its fourth birthday. Since this time last year we've had the addition of a guide for the latest game, The Eternal Night, a new guide of the old game Enter the Dragonfly and the rapid expansion of the Guidebook which now contains over 700 characters.
As for statistics, well the site has received over 30 million hits, the forum has broken the 1000 registered members mark and there are now currently around 175,000 posts. The forum has gained several new features including the much requested Private Message service.
What's in the future? I made a comment regarding a new Guidebook last year, that's progressed since then and is still on its way, as too are reworkings of the Season of Ice and Attack of the Rhynoc sections. And of course a guide for the new game Dawn of the Dragon once it becomes available towards the end of the year.
Season of Ice
The Eternal Night
Dawn of the Dragon
Return of the Dragonfly
7:19 PM - Friday the 21st of March, 2008 - by dark52
A little late in the game perhaps but I've now completed work on my newest guide, one for Spyro: Enter the Dragonfly.
The game wasn't well received or highly rated by many, but it had been the only game that I hadn't written a complete walkthrough for for so long that it just had to be done. And it's about time too as I've been meaning to do it since just about the very first day of this website.
Galleries, Galleries and more Galleries
7:14 PM - Monday the 16th of April, 2007 - by dark52
For no other reason than that I had access to a load of Spyro related images, I've added brand new galleries and brand new images to already existing galleries for several of the games.
We've got additions for Spyro: Enter the Dragonfly, Spyro: A Hero's Tail, Spyro: Fusion, Spyro: Adventure, and Spyro: Season of Ice.
A Hero's Tail
Fusing the Cards
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7:00 AM - Monday the 4th of October, 2004 - by dark52
For the first time in a long time, it's time for an update on a Monday. Woo! However this update is of no content and is just a basic bug fixing and corrections correcting update that I thought I might as well do now.
Spyro Fusion
All of the Trading Cards have been optimized in size and format so as to load faster and to reduce the space needed for them. This is all thanks to Mozepy who did all of the work on optimizing the cards (I just changed the page a bit). In a related note, I've also fixed a few errors that were found on said Trading Card page and it now has all 200 Cards rather then 198 as it accidently had prior. Also, after closer inspection of a couple of cards I've decided to not use duplicates for the Castle Riptoc and Ice Riptoc cards anymore, they're all the right card now. Hopefully. Also related, I've optimized the other png images that are used in the Spyro Fusion section too, so now all of the Fusion pages should load just that little faster.
And I've also updated the Party Mode page with some things I originally meant to put it but never got around to.
I've finally deleted the unused links from the sidebar so no more confusion about that little problem.
I noticed last week that the page wasn't loading correctly in Mozilla Firefox (possibly others too though) as the random image in the top-right kept escaping from its set position. And thanks to a small bit of recoding, it should now work just as it's supposed to. Wahey! Although there are other small problems involving Firefox I currently have no idea about solving them (the main problem being Geocities banners appearing right at the bottom of the page for no reason).
And, if you're lucky and have a browser that lets you see it, I've added a small logo to the side of the site link when you bookmark it. It's not very artistic, but it works on Firefox (hopefully).
Oh, and I've replace Red's picture at the top with a better one.
As the ice melts, so the flames rise once again...
7:00 AM - Saturday the 4th of September, 2004 - by dark52
As you might have guessed from the really pointless title to this update, I've finished off the Season of Ice guide, and started the Season of Flame guide. Read on for more in depth info.
After three horrendous weeks of work non-stop on this guide, I've finally completed it all the way through collecting all 100 fairies. Yes, there is no more to the guide, all is done and it can rest in the archives, except for those two levels I screwed up before, I'll have to go back at a later date to sort that out. Ah well. Also the cheats are now on the site too.
And as usual, I've completed yet another of the maps. Click here to see it along with the other two that I've already completed.
Season of Flame
Finally I have begun work on the second best Spyro game to ever grace the GBA, the best being Adventure. So far I've managed to complete only the first homeworld and nothing else but a tedious intro to the next level Country Farms. So far so good though as with the much better Atlas in-game, I've been able to provide the guide with a bit more colour then any of the others. Check it out so far here.
And so with the Season of Ice guide being completed, I now have the full text version of the guide ready for download on the downloads page. I have also removed the .zip files from the site as they are just taking up space and the amount they compress is pretty pointless, plus some people might not trust the site enough to warrant a download of a .zip file, therefore I've removed all doubt and gotten rid of them completely, you'll just have to save the text files as you open them.
My apologies for not supplying the contet I said I did last week. I never actually got round to writing it and I still haven't. The links remain dead until I do so sometime in the future.
While I will probably be able to get an update to you for next week, the weeks after that may start to become less and less fruitful from a lack of updates as I'm gonna be quite busy from Thursday onwards. Therefore updates might become a lot more scarce and not happen every week. I'll try to do something that's worth updating the site for, but I can't promise it. I might start the character guide and do a bit of that each week just to tide the site over until A Hero's Tail arrives in November when I promise to try to write a full guide for as soon as possible, although obviously only after I complete it for myself. Sheesh. See you next week then, probably.
7:00 AM - Saturday the 28th of August, 2004 - by dark52
Hmph. I managed to do a bit of work for this update. See below for details.
I managed to complete the whole of the Autumn, Winter and Spring Fairy Homes. So scroll on down and click on the links on the sidebar to get to it if you're in dire need of help on any of them. A couple of the levels I really didn't do very well, so I'll have to update them in the future, but for now they are slightly useful in that they give all the details you need to know how to get the fairies, just not as detailed as any of the other levels (they are both levels in the Spring Fairy Home). Also, I have made a second map for the game, for some reason I made Roman City. Click here to see it. With a total of 15 levels that require a map, I have now completed 13.3% of the maps. Not too long to go eh? One a week and I'll be done by the 27th of November.
Well, no actual content yet but I've added some filler pages in the meantime.
I've removed a few redundant pages that were just cluttering up the sidebar, so no more Hearts or Bonus Items pages to confuse you, they weren't really bonus at all. Sheesh.
I've expanded the section on the side to include a few extra things to make it look more like the game actually exists rather then just having a walkthrough and five very poor screenshots. It's just not a good game so there's nothing I can really do for it. Shame really. Although, saying that, I am planning to rewrite the walkthrough so it's more of a walkthrough then a general dragonfly guide with very basic directions, mostly wrong.
the Spyro the Dragon guide is begun
7:00 AM - Thursday the 1st of July, 2004 - by dark52
After abandoning the EtD re-write a few days ago due to excessive annoyingness, I started up with a brand new guide for the original Spyro game, Spyro the Dragon on the PlayStation (PSone). That very guide has been partially uploaded this very day, and covers all the way through the magnificent first Dragon Realm of The Artisans. Read it all in the Walkthrough of the Spyro the Dragon section on the sidebar.
And in other news, not much has happened. Kthxbye.
and breathe...
7:00 AM - Sunday the 20th of June, 2004 - by dark52
Ahh, finished up almost all of the Spyro Orange guide now. Just the odd little bit here and there to perfect it, but as far as I can see, the entire walkthrough is complete!
Now that that's done, I can get back to work on all the other Spyro games, working backwards from the newest to the oldest. My current aim is to get the Enter the Dragonfly walkthrough up to a better standard then it is now, so that you can all be helped out in it. Thankyou.
forums and content
7:00 AM - Tuesday the 15th of June, 2004 - by dark52
It's been a few days since I last added anything to the site, but this update should make up for that. After postponing the re-write of my EtD walkthrough, I have started on a guide to what is most likely the more requested game at the moment, Spyro Orange: The Cortex Conspiracy. I currently have a full card listing of all the cards possibly gained in the game along with a picture of the card.
While I have done some of the walkthrough, it's nothing worth reading yet as it has only gotten to the second mini-game portal in Dragon Castles. Anyway, enjoy the card pictures, but watch out when opening the page as it is likely to take a while for everything to load.
I have also removed all of the text on the sidebar that looked like it could be a link but wasn't as I can just as easily add links there as extra text. Now for all the sections with no current content it reads 'Coming soon...' just to let you know that I am intending to get to work on it.
In other news, I am taking this moment to point you in the direction of the brand new forums that I set up a few days ago for my darkgta.tk website. It now also has content for Spyro and so I would ask you to go there to ask any questions about any of the Spyro games as it is more likely to get a better answer there then from an e-mail to my shoddy e-mail account. To get to the forums simply clink on the link at the top of the page.
Thankyou for your visit here and have a good day.
The second day...
7:00 AM - Monday the 7th of June, 2004 - by dark52
OK, I worked on the site a little since yesterday and have slightly altered the site with a new bar at the top. Not sure why I did that, but there you go. I have also made several pages more for screenshots of most of the games. The exceptions to this are the GBA games which I have yet to make screenshots of.
And just to keep you updated, I am currently still working on my EtD guide which I am rewriting almost entirely to make it a lot better. As soon as I have finished that I will begin work on the back catalogue of games, starting with the original game, Spyro the Dragon. And since I currently own a copy of all Spyro games (except EtD on the GameCube, and obviously A Hero's Tail since it isn't out yet) I will be able to write accurate walkthroughs quickly, although my estimated time of completion for all of the guides is around the end of July / beginning of August area of time, so you'll have to wait until then before I can help you out. However I will generally respond to e-mails asking for advice in completing certain parts of the games. Send your e-mails to me at darkgta4@yahoo.com
The first day...
7:00 AM - Sunday the 6th of June, 2004 - by dark52
Hello and welcome to my brand new site dedicated entirely to the 'Spyro the Dragon' series of games which were originally developed by Insomniac Games. In a website of the same mould (yet slightly more purple) as darkgta.tk this site, darkspyro.tk, aims to bring the whole of the Spyro universe to one place, here.
I am currently accepting all contributions to the site as it is basically just a skeleton of what I hope to eventually turn it into. With the brand new GBA Spyro game (though arguably the second worst Spyro game ever) just released in North America and soon to be released here in Europe, and a brand new multi-format game Spyro: A Hero's Tail for PlayStation2, GameCube and X-Box set for release in November (exact date unknown to me currently) the Spyro series deserved to get it's own site from me.
This site should get a lot more attention as my other site is pretty much done until October when the main focus game gets a brand new sequel. Until then, I hope to continue working on this site and making it one of the best Spyro resources out there.
If you find that none of the links work, it may be because I am still working on the site and names of pages are bound to change a lot so try to not get annoyed with the site and just to come back later when the changes should have been implemented.
Also, just for reference, I am currently working through all of the Spyro games and writing brand new Walkthroughs for them all to go here on the site, as well as finding screenshots for the site. Currently the only game to have any content on the site so far is Attack of the Rhynocs which was the first Spyro game that I wrote a walkthrough for. For that reason, there are just plain words under all titles except the 'site' one and the Attack of the Rhynocs one. And since I am working through them in order, the next game to receive a Walkthrough will be 'Spyro the Dragon' the original Spyro game created by Insomniac Games. I hope to get this finished soon, but since I currently have exams going on it may be several weeks before any new content is made, so check back here often to see whether I have finished it up or not. I am also working on rewriting my Enter the Dragonfly guide which is still available in it's old form on the side so use that if you need to.
If you are in need of more info here are some other sites about Spyro that I have come across on my travels:
Official Spyro Site
The Spyro Universe
Spyro Hints

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Chelsea transfer news: How can the Blues keep spending? - VANNY RADIO
Mykhailo Mudryk, Raheem Sterling and Joao Felix among the 14 new signings made by Chelsea this season
Chelsea's signing of Mykhailo Mudryk took their spending this season past the £400m mark with two weeks to go before the end of the latest transfer window.
According to Transfermarktexternal-link, their January spending totals 143.50m euros (£126.8m) on five arrivals as they try to turn around the form that has left them 10th in the Premier League.
That comes after a summer in which they spent a Premier League record £270m – the second-highest summer spend by any club in the world after Real Madrid (£292m) in 2019.
So how can they afford to keep spending, and how do the numbers work with regard to Financial Fair Play rules? BBC Sport takes a closer look at the sums.
Firstly, what are the rules on spending?
There are two sets of rules that Chelsea have to adhere to – the Premier League's profit and sustainability rules and, as they regularly play in European competition, Uefa's Financial Fair Play regulations (FFP).
Premier League profitability and sustainability rules allow for total losses of £105m over a three-year period. Any club that posts losses in excess of that figure could face penalties, including large fines or even a points deduction.
Under Uefa's current rules, clubs can spend up to 5m euros (£4.4m) more than they earn over a three-year period. They can exceed this level to a limit of 30m euros (£26.6m), if it is entirely covered by the club's owner.
Uefa has a wide-ranging list of potential punishments for clubs which break these rules – such as Wolves in 2020 – from warnings, fines or even the loss of European titles.
However, new Uefa rules introduced in June limit clubs' spending on wages, transfers and agents' fees to 70% of their revenue, though permitted losses over a three-year period have risen to 60m euros (£49.96m).
Clubs have been given three years to implement these changes.
Football finance expert Kieran Maguire estimates that Chelsea only had a three-year FFP loss of £5m in their most recent accounts, which go up to 2021, so have a fair amount of leeway in terms of permitted losses.
How can Chelsea keep spending so much?
Kieran Maguire on BBC Radio 5 Live's Monday Night Club:
There are two issues: can they afford it in terms of cash? They can because they are buying players and paying for them in instalments. So the finances of the club itself are fine.
With regards to Financial Fair Play, the accounting is more Harry Potter than Graham Potter in the sense that it's quite weird and wonderful.
When you buy a player, you spread the cost of the player over the life of the contract. If we take a look at Mykhailo Mudryk, they bought him for £89m and he is on an eight-and-a-half-year contract. When you sell a player, all of the profits are taken into the accounts immediately [even if actual payments are made in instalments]. We have got the sales of Tammy Abraham and Fikayo Tomori. That was £77m worth of profit.
They also won the Champions League, they won the Uefa Super Cup, they won the Fifa World Club Cup and all of that was extra money coming in. So things aren't as bad as I think some of the commentators are making out.
Chelsea's ins and outs
Marc Cucurella – Brighton, £60m Gabriel Slonina – Chicago Fire £8m
Raheem Sterling – Man City, £50m Denis Zakaria – Juventus, loan
Kalidou Koulibaly – Napoli, £33m Benoit Badiashile – Monaco, £35m
Carney Chukwuemeka – Aston Villa, £20m David Datro Fofana – Molde, £8m
Cesare Casadei – Inter Milan, £12m Andrey Santos – Vasco da Gama, £10m
Wesley Fofana – Leicester, £70m Joao Felix – Atletico Madrid, £9.7m loan fee
Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang – Barcelona, £10.3m Mykhailo Mudryk – Shakhtar Donetsk, £89m
Total: £415m
Alvaro Morata – Atletico Madrid, £31m
Tammy Abraham – Roma, £34m
Kurt Zouma – West Ham, £29.8m
Fikayo Tomori – AC Milan, £24m
Timo Werner – RB Leipzig, £25m
Emerson – West Ham, £13m
Mario Pasalic – Atalanta, £12.8m
Total: £169.6m
Football finance expert Kieran Maguire:
It's a very high-risk strategy.
If the players turn out to underperform, you have then got a player on a total salary cost of £7m or £8m a year and you are committed to that for seven to eight years. No other clubs are willing to take that wage off your hands for such a long period of time. So you've got four or five players who are happy to sit down for the rest of the contracts. They are even taking up space on your 25-man roster as far as Uefa is concerned or they are tying up space on your payroll.
If they are fantastic players, it is great because it means that if Real Madrid come calling in two years' time, you have still got five or six years remaining on the contract and can extract the maximum fee.
What if Chelsea fail to qualify for the Champions League?
Kieran Maguire to Sky Sports:
It would be restrictive. If you take when Chelsea won the Champions League in 2021, they generated around 120 euros (£106m) in prize money. You can expect to make £3-4m per home game plus bonuses from sponsors.
Compare that to the Europa League. For every £1 you make in that competition, you are making around £4.50 in the Champions League, so there will also be a significant effect if you don't qualify.


As explained in Mellodrama: The Mellotron Movie, during the peak period of Mellotron mania in the early 1970s, a slew of creative musicians and entrepreneurs took it upon themselves to build their own versions of the ingenious magnetic tape sampler. Here's one of the more famous homespun machines, also probably the rarest. Backed financially by Rick Wakeman of Yes, Dave Biro's Birotron was an attempt to store sounds on 8-track cartridges, the most expedient and widely available format of the day.
Did it work? Well, see the film for the full story. Like Brian Wilson, Mikael Åkerfeldt, Fabio Frizzi, Jon Brion, and many others, Dave Biro tells his story in Dianna Dilworth's Mellodrama: The Mellotron Movie documentary. And later in 2013, the incredible story will be laid out in even more detail when Bazillion Points releases Dilworth's upcoming book on the Mellotron, the Chamberlain, the Birotron, and other analog samplers.


See it in Action! Click on Residential or Automotive for an interactive demonstration.
Window tinting is a must have in West Palm Beach, Florida.
East Coast Window Films offers all types of Window Tinting Services in West Palm Beach including Automotive Window Tinting, Residential Window Tinting, Commercial Window Tinting, Security Window Film and Green Energy Tinting. We are the only Window Tint Company who is authorized to offer the Hüper Optik Window Films product line which is German made and the best in the business by far. The categories of Hüper Optik Window Films that we carry are Select Series Films, Ceramic Series, Fusion Series and Security Series.
Lets face it. Florida is hot! The sun will find its way into your home and inevitably into your pocket. Tinting your windows can greatly reduce the amount of heat that enters your home. Window tinting in West Palm Beach is a great way to save money and keep your air conditioning system from working overtime trying to cool your home. East Coast Window Films will custom tailor a solution for your car, home or office providing energy efficient window tinting films that will not break your wallet.
The technology in window tinting films has come a long way. Dual reflective films have been the norm in the industry for quite some time now. These films offer their heat rejection by the dyes and metals within the product. Unfortunately dyes will fade over time causing the window tinting film to appear distorted and change in color. Metals in the film give the window tint that shiny look that may have been popular a few years ago. More and more people today dislike the shiny appearance of these films and always associate window tinting with shiny and dark windows.
Ceramic window tinting films have become popular due to the fact they contain no dyes or metals. These films give your windows a natural look while letting a significant amount of light enter your home, keeping the aesthetics of your home while rejecting a significant amount of heat. East Coast Window Films is a proud Hüper Optik window film dealer offering a variety of ceramic window films. We offer no pressure consultations in West Palm Beach and have a film for every budget. There is no job to big or small. Contact us for a consultation and let us show you how we can reduce your energy bill.


The key to the life of any diesel fuel system is filtration. At Diesel Distributors, we have partnered with some of the worlds most advanced filtration manufacturers to offer a selection of OEM replacement and retro fit fuel systems to the Australian Market.
Diesel engines are highly susceptible to damage from debris, water and other contaminants. In the same way that air filtration is crucial to the life of one half of the engine, the fuel filtration MUST be able to handle our harsh Australian environment.
Our environment throws all kinds of challenges at diesel fuel injection systems. From heat and cold extremes causing expansion and contraction in the fuel tank which leads to water vapour ingress, to dust and dirt from our roads and beyond, it is obvious that 'adequate' fuel filtration just doesn't cut it.
The result in poor or substandard quality fuel filtration can be expensive fuel system repair or even piston detonation and full engine overhaul.


In its 16th year, the Bridgewater Triathlon is an event for everyone. Whether you're an experienced triathlete or have never competed in one, this event is for you!
There are four events to choose from, you can compete each leg yourself or as part of a team. The swim is in the Loddon River (not keen on swimming? Check out our duathlon option), the ride is on a quiet bitumen road and the run takes you along the banks of the beautiful Loddon River.
Our event is all about having a go and having fun so gather your mates and register today!
Registrations open 1 December 2018 and close noon 2 Feb 2019. $5 late fee will be applied to all entries on the day.
This year we are giving you and your friends a chance to win $1,000 to donate to a charity of your choice! Simply register under the same group and the group with the most entries wins $1,000 for their nominated charity.
*The charity must be a registered charity. Only online registrations count towards the prize.
Parking is free and there is heaps of it! Please follow parking signage when you arrive in town.
Please contact us if you have any questions at all, below are the answers to a few common questions we receive.
The Loddon moves very slowly and there is next to no current. The SES patrol the swim leg and there will also be two kayaks on the water if you get into trouble. If you are new to triathlons, hang out at the back of the pack that way you won't get overwhelmed by other swimmers.
Yes! But the water is usually quite nice at this time of year if you are worried about getting cold.
I don't have a road bike.
No problem, any bike will do.
Yes, a helmet must be worn before mounting and dismounting your bike.
If you are in a team the other members have to wait in the designated areas for the transition between each leg. You can have a team of two or three.
If I ordered merchandise when do I receive it?
Just head to the merchandise tent on the day.
How long before my race do I need to arrive?
Please sign in 45minutes before your race and head to the start line 10minutes prior to the race start for a race briefing.


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During absentee voting at an extraordinary general meeting, Aeroflot shareholders voted "to approve a deal with the interest on buying by OJSC Aeroflot Russian Airlines of 30 new regional jets from CJSC Sukhoi Civil Aircrafts".
In favor of approving the deal voted the overwhelming majority of the shareholders with no interest in the deal, holding voting shares. 0,06% of the shareholders, holding voting shares, voted against the deal, 0,04% abstained from voting.


North Bay Major Trappers capped an unbeaten regular season on Tuesday with a 6-0 whitewash of the Sudbury Nickel Capital Wolves. With the win, the Major Trappers completed the regular season schedule in the Great North Midget Hockey League with a perfect record of 36-0-0.
Veteran coach Guy Blanchard gave credit to his players for the unbeaten regular season.
"This is a special group that was focused from our first practice of the season," Blanchard told Hockey News North. "They set some goals for the year and achieved it but we have a long way to go to reach the ultimate goal.
"They work hard and buy in on what the coaches are teaching. It's been fun so far but nobody will remember what you did … only your last game," said Blanchard, in waxing philosophical.
How dominant were the Major Trappers over the course of the 36-game, regular season?
Well, in winning all 36 games, North Bay out-scored the opposition by a resounding 276-42 margin.
Meanwhile, the Majors Trappers, along with the second-place Kapuskasing Flyers, will get an opening round bye in the Great North playoffs.
In the two opening-round, best-of-three series, third-place Sudbury Nickel Capital Wolves take on the sixth-place Timmins Majors while fourth-seed Soo Major Thunderbirds face off against the fifth-seed New Liskeard Cubs.


Monitor your infrastructure, applications and data flows with Lenses. Lenses also integrates with a JMX exporter, with Prometheus and Grafana for rich dashboards and metrics representation.
When it comes to monitoring software and infrastructure, multiple systems are playing an important role. Lenses does not try to be a time-series database. It integrates and enriches popular open source solutions, where you can monitor in Prometheus and Grafana your whole platform, not just the middleware.
Domain knowledge, pre-built dashboard, agent configuration and curated templates highlighting 100's of critical KPIs are provided to all clients, so you can have the same monitoring capabilities that Fortune-100 companies are enjoying, setting up your project for production.
Every component of a data topology is recommended to have a single responsibility. At the same time different characteristics are indicating whether this component is healthy and performing efficiently at scale.
Irrespective of the underlying data processing technology, complete visibility is a requirement. Metrics, logs, threshold alerts as well as detailed status of the distributed processing are visually highlighted, and presented for immediate action.
A 360-degree of the key metrics of your Apache Kafka cluster curated into a single template, allows time travel between the past 60 days (by default) for key metrics. Pro-actively receive alerts and notifications when your streaming platform is under pressure, prevent downtime before it occurs.
Lenses continuously monitors your Apache Kafka cluster and provides alerts and notifications for important metrics degradation, such as consumer lag and offline or under-replicated partitions. It does not strive to become a time-series database. Established solutions from domain experts already exist.
Monitor your apps like a pro! Lenses provides in-app features to monitor you applications and apply alerts to never miss an SLA. Lenses ships with Apache Kafka specific dashboards in order to monitor your low level metrics.
Apart from monitoring the underlying infrastructure and application, it's also about monitoring how the data streaming platform and data are utilized. Lenses captures all events (configuration changes) as well as all data access patterns so that you can know who did what and when at any point in history.


I have been unwell for a few days so blogging has not been high on the agenda but I am back now.
Tonight I have a quick post to show you how I mended a small hole in the sleeve on my woollen cardigan.
I noticed the hole a couple of weeks ago when I was about to lightly press the cardigan so I put it aside to mend and finally got around to doing it today.
Darning seems to be a dying skill and my method is far from the traditional method but I find it quite effective. The basic premise is to replicate a weave by running a series of tiny stitches parallel to each other in one direction and then another series perpendicular to the first. It is generally done in a fine matching wool on knitwear.
Today I used 4 strands of regular sewing thread in a matching colour to darn a small hole in the sleeve of my cardigan. I do not have a 'before' photo but the 'after' one shows the result. It is not perfect but I am happy that the cardigan is still wearable.


Refunds can be requested by emailing refunds@completeformations.co.uk and stating the reasons why one is sought. Following a purchase refunds will be at our sole discretion.
In situations where we deem that a refund is warranted, we reserve the right to deduct such amounts as we view are reasonable to cover the costs of our administration and any other incidental costs incurred.
Such costs could be, but are not limited to, credit card charges on the initial purchase and refund and costs of correspondence relating to the transaction. In any case, the amount of such a deduction will not be less than £15 plus VAT.
In situations where a refund is requested for a company formation which has been submitted on for incorporation on our system, no refunds will be given in any circumstances whatsoever. Any actions relating to an unwanted company will be the sole responsibility of the purchaser and costs incurred in dissolving, reselling or amending any details relating to such a company will be borne by the purchaser in their entirety.
If an order or part thereof is not executed in full within 1 month from the date of purchase, the transaction will be deemed as no longer and monies paid will be forfeited.


text:
'use strict';

const { getImportConfig } = require('../config/config');
const debug = require('../util/debug')('import');

const BaseImport = require('./ImportContext');
const ImportResult = require('./ImportResult');
const saveResult = require('./saveResult');

exports.import = async function importFile(
  database,
  importName,
  filePath,
  options = {},
) {
  debug('import %s (%s, %s)', filePath, database, importName);

  const dryRun = !!options.dryRun;

  const config = getImportConfig(database, importName);

  const baseImport = new BaseImport(filePath, database);
  const result = new ImportResult();

  const { couch, filename, fileDir } = baseImport;

  try {
    await config(baseImport, result);
  } catch (e) {
    await couch
      .logImport({
        name: importName,
        filename,
        fileDir,
        status: 'ERROR',
        error: {
          message: e.message || '',
          stack: e.stack || '',
        },
      })
      .catch((error) => {
        debug.error(
          'error while logging import error for (%s)',
          filename,
          error,
        );
      });
    throw e;
  }

  if (result.isSkipped) {
    return { skip: 'skip' };
  }
  // Check that required properties have been set on the result
  result.check();
  if (dryRun) {
    return { skip: 'dryRun', result };
  }
  const uuid = await saveResult(baseImport, result);

  await couch
    .logImport({
      name: importName,
      filename,
      fileDir,
      status: 'SUCCESS',
      result: {
        uuid,
        id: result.id,
        kind: result.kind,
        owner: result.owner,
      },
    })
    .catch((error) => {
      debug.error(
        'error while logging import success for (%s)',
        filename,
        error,
      );
    });

  return { ok: true, result };
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Fashion is often thought to be the ultimate form of identity and self expression. Our clothes tell personal narratives without us always knowing. We believe that vintage clothing has the potential to express even richer narratives due to the way they have been passed from wearer to wearer. This causes messages to be layered over time. What is so interesting to us is their exquisite details and teachings of a by-gone time. They have a mysterious and elusive quality. They are wearable histories.
To immerse the audience is a world of whimsical narratives and make them ponder over what vintage treasures they might own. We live in a fast-paced world with a throw-away culture. These should be more awareness of the lasting quality of vintage clothing and the stories it can teach us.
As vintage fashion covers a vast period of time, this book focuses on arguably the most revolutionary decades for fashion. The 1950s and 1960s marked huge changes for fashion that rippled into the modern day. All the fashion objects featured in the project have been collected by ourselves, passed down from family members and purchased at vintage fairs and stores.
So the next time you slip off your shoes or try a jacket on for size. Ask yourself, what personal narrative am I telling today?
The book is hard-bound, measuring 33cm x 28cm and is visually rich with a beautiful range of mixed media illustrations.
An exhibition featuring the clothes that inspired the book would also be a conceptual outcome of this project. It provides a more social touch-point for the audience and is branded using the Wearable Histories branding to tie together fashion, narrative and illustration.
The exhibition would be held at Salts Mill, Bradford, in their 1853 Gallery which currently stocks a variety of art books, ceramics, and paintings. As all the pieces depicted have been collected from a variety of places around Yorkshire it makes good sense to bring them together in the former textile mill in Bradford. The space is beautiful and contains traditional features from its days as a mill. This can be seen in the photos below that were taken by myself on my last visit to the gallery.
The following shows a mock-up of the exhibition layout. The objects would be placed throughout the gallery alongside super-scaled versions of their coinciding illustrations. The animation would be projected at the back of the gallery with a small seating area. Vintage inspired products would also be sold at the exhibition as a way to allow visitors go home with their own fashion objects.
These scarves measure 90cm x 90cm and are printed on silk de chine. The designs tell stories of 1950s and 1960s housewives.
The animation has been created using Adobe After Effects and depicts the story of a nurse's belt buckle that was purchased from Fattorini and Sons in Leeds during the 1960s. The animation is a story that is based mainly on facts rather than my imagination due the large amount of primary research I collected. The belt buckle was passed down to me from my Grandma who I used as a resource to tell the story of the nurse's uniform during the 1960s. The animation includes real voice recordings from my Grandma.
The animation would be shown in the exhibition alongside the belt buckle.
A short animation inspired by a vintage nurse's belt buckle and real voice recordings. By Chloe Baldwin.


Nereus Fellow Kisei Tanaka (Princeton University) writes a blog about species' suitability to their surrounding habitat and how traditional ecological models take into account a species' habitat preference and known geographic distribution. His research focuses on incorporating species' evolutionary aspects and adaptations into models, to better reflect their suitability to a changing habitat and environment.
Nereus Fellow Tyler Eddy (University of South Carolina) recently published an article in Science, entitled 'Plan S: Motivations of for-profit publishers'. In it, he discusses how the academic community should consider if a journal is open access, as well as the publisher's profit motivations, when deciding which venue to publish their research.
Press Release: Nereus Program members Rashid Sumaila, Vicky Lam, William Cheung, Andrés Cisneros-Montemayor, Oai Li Chen, and co-authors published a study in Science Advances today, 'Climate Target Could Net Additional Billions in Fisheries Revenue'. You can read the press release from UBC and access the article here.
Nereus Fellow Julia Mason recently had a chapter of her thesis published in Fisheries Research, 'Community-level Effects of Spatial Management in the California Drift Gillnet Fishery'. You can read the abstract here, as well as access the article.
Nereus Fellow Kisei Tanaka (Princeton University) recently had a paper accepted by ICES Journal of Marine Science in which he and contributing authors use a modeling approach that incorporates environmental factors in assessing commercial fisheries influenced by climate, specifically the American lobster.
Nereus Research Associate Andrés Cisneros-Montemayor (University of British Columbia) will give a webinar to a group of young researchers and professionals in Central America on the Blue Economy. This is part of the Leadership Program in the Mesoamerican Reef System, hosted by the Fondo Mexicano para la Conservación de la Naturaleza.
What is the Future of Funding for Sustainable Fisheries and Oceans?
A workshop on ocean finance co-organized by Nereus Program researchers Robert Blasiak (Stockholm Resilience Centre) and Colette Wabnitz (University of British Columbia) took place on December 6-7, 2018 at the Stockholm Resilience Center. Nereus fellow Robert Blasiak writes about the workshop, which included Solène Guggisberg (Utrecht University) presenting her recent publication on funding coastal and marine fisheries projects under the climate change regime.
Nereus Fellow Julia Mason (Stanford University) recently successfully defended her Ph.D. dissertation – 'Who knows and who decides? Incorporating diverse perspectives in fisheries management'. You can read the abstract for it here.
Nereus Fellow Solène Guggisberg (Utrecht University) will present her paper entitled "Funding coastal and marine fisheries projects under the climate change regime" at a workshop on Ocean Finance at the Stockholm Resilience Center in Sweden. Her paper examines projects related to fisheries which are financed by the four multilateral funds created within the climate change regime.
Nereus Fellow Guillermo Ortuño Crespo (Duke University) attended the Climate Impacts on Oceanic Top Predators (CLIOTOP) symposium in Taiwan, where he presented his research on the spatial ecology of pelagic long liners. Guillermo's research was recently published in a special collection in Science Advances on high seas fisheries.
Nereus Program Manager and Research Associate Dr. Vicky Lam (University of British Columbia) and Nereus Fellow Muhammed Oyinlola (UBC) participated in a meeting organized by the World Bank and held at the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) headquarters in Rome on October 22-24, 2018. While there, they discussed how marine fisheries in Sub-Saharan Africa are important both economically, and for the millions of people dependent on them for food.
Nereus Fellow Tyler Eddy (University of South Carolina) writes about his recent trips to attend climate change impacts workshops at the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research in Potsdam, Germany and Institute for Marine Science in Barcelona, Spain. While there he worked with other climate change impacts modellers on ways to get different models to interact with each other.
Nereus Program Manager and Research Associate Andrés M. Cisneros-Montemayor (University of British Columbia) recently co-authored an article titled 'Managing at Maximum Sustainable Yield does not ensure economic well-being for artisanal fishers'. In the article the authors discuss potential reasons for why it may be difficult for artisanal fishers to escape poverty, even with improved fisheries management and practices.
Nereus Research Associate Colette Wabnitz (University of British Columbia) attended, and Nereus Fellow Jessica Spijkers (Stockholm Resilience Center) co-facilitated a workshop on fisheries resources and conflict at the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS) at University of California, Santa Barbara. The purpose of the workshop was to better understand exiting types of fisheries conflicts, and which drivers spark different types of conflict and intensities.
Healthy Eating – For Those Who are Disadvantaged, How Much of it is Really a Choice?
Nereus Fellow Tiff-Annie Kenny recently published an article in The Conversation, 'Time and money – the biggest hurdles to healthy eating'. In the article, Tiff-Annie discusses how diet quality and health are socially stratified in developed countries.
Nereus colleague Jack Kittinger (Arizona State University), with Transform Aqorau and Johann Bell, respond in Science's Policy Forum to a recent article co-authored by Nereus PI Malin Pinsky (Rutgers University). Pinksy et al. discuss how geographic shifts of migratory species due to climate change may potentially lead to conflicts over resources, while Aqorau et al. discuss examples of how good governance is working for migratory species.
Nereus fellow Fernando Gonzalez Taboada from Princeton University writes about how the painting 'And They Still Say Fish are Expensive!' by Joaquín Sorolla is still relevant to modern fishing culture and practices, as well as different approaches to predicting future fish abundance in the ocean.
Impacts from climate change will increase the risk of extinction for vulnerable marine species, both locally and globally. But according to a new study from UBC, effective fisheries management may be able to reduce the probability of certain species going extinct by as much as 63%.
University of British Columbia researchers have found that chemical pollutant accumulation in Chinook salmon and southern resident killer whales in the Pacific Northeast Coast region will be exacerbated under climate change. This is yet another anthropogenic stressor that threatens the survivability of the both Chinook salmon and southern resident killer whales.
Nereus PI Laurie Chan and Senior Fellow Tiff-Annie Kenny attended the International Society of Exposure Science and the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology conference (ISES-ISEE 2018) in Ottawa, Canada on August 26th-30th. The conference's focus was on environmental health concerns, and included how scientific and local knowledge combine to assess the impact of contaminated fish consumption on First Nations' health and well-being in Canada.
Nereus Director of Policy, Yoshitaka Ota, gave the keynote lecture at the 20 year anniversary symposium for Satoumi (Japanese coastal restoration) in the Okayama Prefecture in Japan.
On the surface, it's a joy to see students take ownership of research and form a connection with the ocean. But now, against a backdrop of cuts to programs supporting low-income communities and erosion of policies protecting marine ecosystems, this kind of community-oriented science education is incredibly urgent.
New models developed by Nereus researchers may help reduce this threat by giving regulatory agencies a powerful new tool to predict the month-by-month movements of longline fishing fleets on the high seas. The predictions should help determine where and when the boats will enter waters where by-catch risks are greatest.
What happens to big prey when you fish out all of their big predators?
What happens to big prey when you fish out all of their big predators? Nereus researchers dig deeper into size-specific diet shifts.
Behind the scenes with a determined group of human rights and fisheries experts working to bring social responsibility to the forefront of sustainable fishing.
On April 3rd, 2018, tribal representatives, students and academics gathered to discuss a pressing issue for coastal indigenous communities of the Pacific Northwest: the future of the fish they've relied on since time immemorial.
We are excited to announce our newest interdisciplinary collaboration: Ocean Link Northwest. Ocean Link Northwest is a collaboration between the UW Communication Leadership graduate program and the Nereus Program.
Sustainable marine fisheries seem to tick all the boxes. They can fill your belly, fill your wallet, and do it all for a fraction of carbon emmissions generated by conventional agriculture. Getting marine fisheries "right" could also help to reduce the loss of biodiversity in the ocean, and increase equity among coastal populations.
Robert Blasiak, Nereus Fellow at Stockholm Resilience centre, has published a new study on climate change vulnerability.
Nereus Program research featured in the Independent, National Geographic, Radio New Zealand, Newsweek, Huffpost UK, ABC Spain, and more.
Fellowships provided by the Nippon Foundation have been a life-changing opportunity for thousands, opening up new frontiers of personal and professional development. Another lasting positive impact of the fellowship programs is the networks that develop among participants.
Developing scenarios — projections of the future — may help individuals, communities, corporations, and nations develop a capacity for dealing with the future. Scenarios are an important tool for proactively thinking about, and acting in a way that anticipates, things to come.
Fachidiot! This wonderfully direct word from the German language describes a person who knows their subject (Fach), and nothing else. It was on my mind recently as I read articles in a new special issue of the journal Ecology & Society on "Reconciling Art and Science for Sustainability". The issue is filled with contributions from scientists and artists who have in some sense travelled into unknown and unfamiliar territory, and discovered along the way that this was feeding innovation and adding value to their work.
Women working in natural resource extraction face many challenges, which hinders countries in efforts towards sustainable development and from achieving gender equality. This is especially true in the context of small-scale fishing communities.
When the European Space Agency (ESA) launched a satellite into orbit on Oct. 13, it did so despite opposition from Inuit leaders in Canada and Greenland over its potential to contaminate an important Arctic area.
Overfishing & overpopulation: Too many fishers chasing too few fish?
There's a tendency among conservation scientists to attribute the world's environmental crises to the growing global population. Fisheries science is no exception—the issue of overfishing is often condensed to one of "too many fishers chasing too few fish," leading to inevitable fisheries declines.
Nereus Director of Science William Cheung has won the Prix d'Excellence Award by the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). The ??????????Prix d'Excellence is awarded every three years for a high level of achievement in marine sciences work through research, scientific leadership and scientific policy leadership.
Nereus Alumnus Natasha Henschke (Princeton University) and current UBC postdoc with Evgeny Pakhomov is at sea on the RV Investigator, sailing off the East Australian coast. She is working as the deputy chief scientist, helping to collect data that will allow, for the first time, the relationship between open ocean production and coastal fisheries off south eastern Australia to be established. The voyage will be used to study the Tasman Sea ecosystem and examine the link between plankton and fisheries in the region.
As part of the 2016 International Marine Conservation Congress, in St John's, Newfoundland, new Nereus Fellow at Stanford Julia Mason shared her story about beginning her career in science and the realizations she had. She discusses the disconnect between fisheries science and the management of the fisheries on the ground and the importance of building relationships.
Hanson Hosein discusses creative outputs and content and how they're changing in the year 2017 at a CreativeMornings talk in Seattle on September 8. He was the September speaker on the topic of "compassion".
Climate change is expected to have many impacts on the oceans; one of them is where fish are located in the ocean. Ocean warming is expected to cause fish to shift to different locations that are cooler — generally toward the poles and into deeper waters. But not all fish are moving in the same directions and at the same speeds. This is changing what fish are eating and who are eating them.
Nereus Fellow, Rachel Seary, a PhD Student at the University of Cambridge and the United Nations Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre, has just returned from Cambodia, where she conducted a month long fieldwork period aimed at understanding the links between mangroves and fishing community livelihoods.
The authors looked at how food production on land and in the sea will be threatened by climate change and what the future effects on biodiversity, livelihoods and food security will be. They adopted the human development index (HDI) — a global index of life expectancy, education and per capita income. They found that all of the low human development index countries will face declines in both agriculture and fisheries production by 2050.
The rapid development of fisheries in the 1950's facilitated declines in predator biomass, overexploitation, collapse of fish stocks, and degradation of marine habitats. A new PLOS ONE paper investigates past changes in trophic functioning of marine ecosystems cause by human-induced changes in species assemblages by applying an ecosystem approach to fisheries.
Let's turn the clock back 113 years. The prominent German zoologist Franz Doflein is about to embark on a two-year journey with the dream of becoming one of the first scientists to study the marine flora and fauna of the deep-sea trenches off the coast of Japan. Reports that the Japanese and Russian empires have just declared war on each other are troubling, yet months of preparation cannot be abandoned, and in the summer of 1904, he boards the Prince Heinrich, a steamship bound for East Asia.
Compared to historical times, there has been an increase in the frequency of reportings of jellyfish sightings in coastal waters. Based on a few regional case studies, many have gathered that jellyfish population sizes are exploding due to warming waters. However, there are not a lot of datasets to support this. Natasha Henschke addressed this topic in her research completed during her fellowship with the Nereus Program.
Pacific bluefin tuna are in trouble — they're at just 2.6% of historic, pre-fishing levels. They have been overfished and this overfishing is still continuing. Due to this dire situation, proper management of the stocks is increasingly important, yet information of the fish's life history and migration patterns is limited.
The oceans are very expansive. Their enormous size and distance from where people stay long term presents a challenge for scientists monitoring the oceans. Unlike many atmospheric measurements for meteorology which we can make just outside of cities, often at airports, to get good measurements for ocean science, a journey on the sea is often required. Around the world, there are many ships designed or outfitted specifically for bringing scientists to the ocean – so called Research Vessels (RVs).
Nereus Program Fellow Phil Underwood (Cambridge-WCMC) attended the Advances in Marine Ecosystem Modelling Research (AMEMR) Conference, which took place between July 3 and July 6, 2017 at the Roland Levinsky Building of the University of Plymouth.
Nereus Program Director of Policy Yoshi Ota (University of Washington) attended the Association of Pacific Rim Universities' (APRU) Annual Meeting, where he delivered a keystone speech on the interrelationships between oceans, climate change, and social equity, with an emphasis on their importance in contributing to sustainable development.
Coastal ecosystems are undergoing complex changes caused by both social and ecological drivers occurring at varying scales and speeds, which ultimately act as either risks or opportunities to coastal social-ecological systems. The assessment of adaptive capacity of coastal ecosystems is crucial in understanding the extent to which they will be able to accept and adapt to these social and biophysical drivers.
Nereus Program fellow Jessica Spijkers attended the 2017 EAT Stockholm Food Forum, hosted between June 12 and 13, 2017. At the conference, 500 of the world's leading experts from the science, business, politics, and civil society fields gathered to collaborate on transforming the food system to solve the interconnected challenges of climate, sustainable development, and health.
The United Nations Ocean Conference to "Support the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 14" was held in New York at the UNHQ between June 5 and 9, 2017. On Friday June 9, the Nereus Program hosted a side event, 'The Role of the Oceans in Sustainability: Benefits of Achieving SDG 14 for all Sustainable Development Goals,' at the conference. This side event introduced recent research that evaluates how achieving ocean SDG 14 targets contributes to- and in some cases is required for – the achievement of other SDG targets.
Developing nations, which have contributed little to the issue of climate change, are likely to experience reduced livelihood opportunities and emerging dietary nutrient deficiencies as a result of climate change impacts on fisheries.
Human activities degrade and convert coastal ecosystems through infrastructure development, resource extraction, and tourism, among other anthropogenic activities. There is an urgency to gain a comprehensive understanding of how human activities/stressors impact coastal ecosystems and the ecosystems services they provide us.
The third day of the UN Ocean Conference continued with plenary discussions between member state representatives on making fisheries sustainable and increasing benefits to small island developing States (SIDS) and least developed countries (LDCs).
Continuing on the tone set during the first day of the UN Ocean Conference, day two showed the engagement and commitment of many nation states, NGOs, businesses and other stakeholders to achieving SDG 14 'Life Below Water'. It featured two important plenary meetings and partnership dialogues addressing targets 14.2 and 14.3: managing, protecting, conserving and restoring marine and coastal ecosystems, and minimizing and addressing ocean acidification. During those meetings, the need for enhanced international cooperation to address the common challenges were emphasized; with, for example countries such as the Soloman Islands, Israel, Tuvalu and Estonia expressing commitments to minimize ocean acidification.
Indigenous seafood consumption study featured in the Washington Post, CBC, and Metro News.
The study "Biogeochemical regions of the Mediterranean Sea: an objective multidimensional and multivariate environmental approach" was recently published in Progress in Oceanography with Nereus Fellow Gabriel Reygondeau (UBC) as the lead author.
Coastal Indigenous people eat, on average, 15 times more seafood per person than non-Indigenous people in the same country, finds a Nippon Foundation-Nereus Program study published today in PLOS ONE.
Traditionally, Indigenous people have resisted research, especially quantitative research that has fed into the imposition of discriminatory socio-economic and political policies to the detriment of Indigenous communities. However, having access to a global database that quantifies fish consumption specifically by Coastal Indigenous peoples around the world, is a critical contribution to Indigenous struggle on a number of fronts.
"Our energy choices have ramifications for many other types of pollutants," said Elsie Sunderland, Associate Professor of Environmental Science and Engineering at Harvard University and Nereus Program collaborator.
Nereus Fellow at Princeton University Colleen Petrik won the Science Board Best Presentation Award at the North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES) annual meeting, held in San Diego, from November 2 to 11.
Madingley is a global computational model. To a broad approximation, the Madingley model represents all (most) forms of life.
From November 2 to 13, the North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES) held their annual meeting in San Diego, USA. The meeting celebrated the 25th anniversary of PICES with the theme of looking at the past 25 years and imagining the next 25.
For the past ten years, Sea Around Us has been constructing a more accurate view of world fishery catches, finding, among other things, that 30% of catch goes unreported.
Spatial differentiation of marine eutrophication damage indicators based on species density" was recently published in Ecological Indicators, co-authored by Nereus Alumnus Miranda Jones (UNEP-WCMC) and Nereus Director of Science William Cheung.
"Emptying seas, mounting tensions in fish-hungry Asia" was published yesterday by Nikkei Asian Review. It discusses the state and future of oceans and fisheries in Asia, with increasing demand yet overfished stocks, and features insights by Nereus Director of Policy Yoshitaka Ota.
Mexico recently released its budget for 2017, and among the top five largest cuts were environmental protection (down by 37%), culture (-30%), and education (-11%). Political rhetoric aside, these cuts reflect a continuing view of these issues as minor, long-term, or otherwise less important or pressing.
"After climate change, fishing is the biggest impact humans will have on the oceans. But we have very a limited understanding of what happens beyond the horizon.
Nereus Director of Science William Cheung gave a keynote entitled "Applying macroecology to project future marine ecosystems under climate change" at the British Ecological Society's Aquatic Macroecology Meeting in London on September 30, 2016.
We know the oceans are quickly changing; we are at a point in time where very different future oceans could be laid out in front of us.
In spring, as the plant buds push up through the ground and the days get warmer and longer, the baby salmon fry hatch out of their eggs and start swimming and feeding. At this time, their food – phytoplankton – should also bloom.
Nereus Program research featured in Wired, NEWS 1130, The Ubyssey, and Conservation magazine.
Nereus Principal Investigator at Utrecht University Erik Molenaar and the Netherlands Institute for the Law of the Sea (NILOS) hosted a seminar on fishing in the polar regions on September 12 at Utrecht University.
Nereus Fellow at UBC Mathieu Colléter participated in the Day of the Thousandth Fisheries Scientist conference, which took place at Agrocampus Ouest in Rennes, France, on September 16.
Nereus Alumni at ETH Zurich Thomas Fröelicher attended The Royal Society's meeting on 'Ocean Ventilation and Deoxygenation in a Warming World' on September 12 and 13, in London, United Kingdom.
Gerald Singh is a Nereus Fellow working with Yoshitaka Ota and Andres Cisneros-Montemayor and collaborating with the United Nations Development Programme. Gerald is characterizing the contribution of a sustainable ocean to achieving broad sustainable development goals.
Nereus Program research featured in Global News, CBC Radio Canada, Metro News, and CKNW AM 980.
Nereus Director of Science William Cheung attended the Scoping Meeting for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways as an invited expert.
Jessica Spijkers is a PhD student at the Stockholm Resilience Centre (Sweden) and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies (Australia).
Explaining Ocean Warming is a comprehensive report produced by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) looking at the impacts of warming on ocean life, ecosystems, and goods and services. The report is the work of 80 scientists from 12 countries, launched during the IUCN World Conservation Congress, September 1-10 in Hawaii. Nereus Program research was contributed to two chapters within the report.
Nereus Program research covered in National Geographic, Reuters, CBC Radio Canada, Metro, LocalXpress, and Sport Fishing.
Nereus Fellow at University of Cambridge/UNEP-WCMC Rachel Seary attended the 1st FishAdapt conference on climate change adaptation for fisheries and aquaculture, held in Bangkok from August 8 to 10, 2016.
A new source of publicly accessible data on fishing vessel activity is providing unprecedented insight into the scope of fishing in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) and governance gaps therein.
Nereus Fellow at UBC Muhammed Oyinlola attended the ClimEco5 Summer School organized by the Integrated Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem Research project (IMBER), titled 'Towards more resilient oceans: Predicting and projecting future changes in the ocean and their impacts on human societies'. The summer school took place from August 10 to 17, in Natal, Brazil.
The ocean has provided incredible services for us — taking up 28% of carbon emissions since preindustrial levels and absorbing 93% of the Earth's excess heat since the 1970s — but because of this, it is undergoing changes.
Nereus Director of Policy Yoshitaka Ota acted as moderator at the International Symposium on Capacity Building for Sustainable Oceans from July 19 to 20 in Tokyo, Japan.
Nereus Director of Science William Cheung participated in a lecture at the Centre for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV) in Merida, Mexico, from July 25 to 26.
Nereus Alumni and Research Fellow at Duke University Andre Boustany attended the International Scientific Committee for Tuna and Tuna-like Species in the North Pacific Ocean (ISC) plenary meeting in Sapporo, Japan, from July 13th to July 18th.
It's important to address the activities of transnational corporations in global fishery reform, argues a new letter co-authored by Nereus Program Principal Investigator Henrik Österblom, Stockholm Resilience Centre, and published in PNAS.
Senior Nereus Fellow at Duke University, Daniel Dunn, acted as a panelist at a COMPASS Capitol Hill briefingon ocean change and implications for fisheries and fishing communities.
"Towards an integrated database on Canadian ocean resources: benefits, current states, and research gaps" was recently published in the Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, authored by Nereus Fellow Andrés Cisneros-Montemayor (UBC), Director of Science William Cheung, and OceanCanada Director Rashid Sumaila (Nereus Honorary Research Associate).
Five key aspects of sustainable aquaculture: Can aquaculture help tackle global food security, especially in Africa?
Aquaculture, the farming of aquatic species, is gradually becoming an important aspect of solving the challenge of global food security. The supply of seafood from fisheries is declining; fish stocks can only be increased if we reduce our fishing pressures, yet governments continue to subsidize the fishing industry for us to fish more. Hence, the open window we have is aquaculture.
For five days, from May 23rd to 27th, and 14 years after the 1st World Fisheries Congress in Athens, Greece, the 7th World Fisheries Congress visited Busan, the second largest city of South Korea.
Nereus Program research and interviews in Vice, the Globe and Mail, and Radio Canada International.
More than 10% of the global population could face nutrition deficiencies in the coming decades due to fish catch declines, says a new Nature commentary published today co-authored by Nereus Director of Science William Cheung.
The Nereus Program presented at the Global Fishing Watch Research Workshop on June 6th and 7th at Google's offices in San Francisco, California, United States.
Nereus Fellow Andres Cisneros-Montemayor (UBC) attended the OceanCanada Partnership Meeting, in Vancouver, BC, Canada, from May 24 to 27.
Nereus Program Fellow at Princeton University Natasha Henschke attended the ICES/PICES 6th Zooplankton Production Symposium "New Challenges in a Changing Ocean" from May 9-13 2016, in Bergen, Norway.
Paris tends to relate to fisheries through its gourmet cuisine, which every so often includes fish. However, in December 2015, Paris was the epicenter of the renowned United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 21), which aimed at setting a target to curb Carbon emissions at a global scale.
Fish of the day: Why does seafood seasonality matter?
The paper "Temperature-based targeting in a multispecies fishery under climate change" was recently published in Fisheries Oceanography by Nereus Program Fellow Daniel Dunn (Duke University) and Principal Investigator Patrick Halpin (Duke University). The study looked at whether the bottom temperature of the water, in spring and fall, affected the distribution of Atlantic cod in the USA Northeast compared to other species of fish.
Andre Boustany, Nereus Alumnus (Duke University), attended the ICCAT Advisory Committee Meeting and the Highly Migratory Species Advisory Panel Meeting in March. Boustany sits on the advisory panel for both.
Nereus Program research and interviews featured in Vox, Deutschlandfunk, and Toronto Star.
Ask an Expert: Why is the global fishing industry given $35 billion in subsidies each year?
OceanCanada Research Director Rashid Sumaila and his collaborators from the UBC Global Fisheries Cluster (Sea Around Us and the Nereus Program) have published an updated estimate of global fisheries subsidies in the international journal Marine Policy. The researchers found that the global fishing industry is being supported by $35 billion yearly in government subsidies, the majority of these, upwards of $20 billion annually, promote increased capacity that can lead to harmful impacts such as overfishing.
Climate change is expected to have major impacts on the ocean, the species that live there, and the people who rely it for their food and livelihood. Since the beginning of the 20th century, CO2 emissions from human activities have altered physical and chemical properties of the ocean. The ocean has become warmer and, in some areas, less oxygenated, which has caused changes in the productivity and distribution of marine species.
Controlled chaos is one way to describe a Surya Vanka-led Design Swarm. Controlled chaos that brings great minds together to solve important real world problems would be more accurate. Conceived of by Vanka, a design industry leader and former Director of User Experience at Microsoft, the innovative hack-a-thon meets brainstorm design approach has been traveling the globe tackling issues where solutions are in high demand.
My mother is an abstract expressionist painter who creates art using oil paints, acrylics, watercolors, and pen and ink. My father has a Masters degree in physics and spent most of his career working as a software engineer. As a result, I have born witness to many conversations about the intersection between art and science throughout my life.
Recently published in Fisheries Oceanography,by Nereus Alumnus Andre Boustany (Duke University) and Principal Investigator Patrick Halpin (Duke University), was the study "Tuna and swordfish catch in the U.S. northwest Atlantic longline fishery in relation to mesoscale eddies".
Jellyfish for dinner: Is fishing a viable solution to the increase in jellyfish blooms?
While jellyfish, with their soft, gelatinous bodies, may seem like innocuous creatures, when they occur in large blooms they can often cause detrimental effects. Jellyfish blooms have been observed to clog power plants, cause mass mortality to fish in aquaculture farms, burst fishing nets and even sink a 10 tonne fishing vessel.
For three days from January 18th to 20th, Monterey, California, has become an aggregation hotspot for more than 100 of the world's foremost experts on the conservation and management of the three bluefin tuna species that inhabit our global ocean.
A new Nereus Program study, funded by the Nippon Foundation, finds that dynamic ocean management, which changes in real time in response to the nature of the ocean and its users, can reduce bycatch — fish and marine species caught accidentally while catching targeted species — without additional costs to fishers.
Countries drastically underreport the number of fish caught worldwide, and the numbers obscure a significant decline in the total catch.
Climate change news, editorials and interviews from CKNW, the David Suzuki Foundation and Future Oceans.
Climate change is resulting in the earlier arrival of spring conditions in many ecosystems around the world.
Colleen Petrik, Senior Nereus Fellow at Princeton, visited the Stockholm Resilience Centre at the University of Stockholm from October 26 to 30 to collaborate with former Nereus Fellow James Watson.
The fourth Integrated Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem Research (IMBER) IMBIZO (a Zulu word meaning 'meeting or gathering') workshop took place at the Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia and Geofisica (OGS) in Trieste, Italy, from October 26 to 30th, 2015.
New media coverage from Science, BBC News, South China Morning Post, International Business Times, Undercurrent News and more.
Vicky Lam, Fisheries Economist and Senior Research Fellow (UBC), was invited by the Fraser Basin Council to give a presentation on the impacts of climate change on fisheries on the coast of northwest British Columbia, Canada.


text:
The EU's Security Role in South Korea: from Bystander to Main Actor
Lena Krikorian - 25. June 2018
Since initiating diplomatic ties 55 years ago, both the Republic of Korea and the European Union have benefited significantly from increased cross-sectoral cooperation. In...
Brexit Two Years On: Uncertainty in London, an Opportunity for the Western Balkans?
On June 23, 2016, European politics were shaken to the core by the United Kingdom's decision to exit the European Union. Two years later,...
The Female Tide of Russian Conservatism
A century ago, after revolutions which toppled the Tsar, Russia became one of the first countries to grant women the right to vote. International...
The death of an Empire, the birth of a Republic: Austria commemorates its 100th...
This year, Austria commemorates the 100th anniversary of the deaths of four titans of Viennese modernism: Gustav Klimt, Egon Schiele, Kolomon Moser and Otto...
The European Narrative: EU & the Media
The state of the media in the European Union is under intense pressure, facing threats such as fake news and physical risk to journalists,...
The Church of Contradictions: a Review of Pope Francis' Five Year Tenure
Lena Krikorian - 28. February 2018
This March marks five years since Pope Francis' 2013 election, inheriting what the Washington Post called an "office demystified by scandal." The Catholic Church's...
Bucking the System – A New Campaign Strategy Changes Austrian Elections
Lena Krikorian - 7. January 2018
Using an anti-system campaign strategy has defined a new approach to elections across Europe, with the Austrian Freedom Party joining the Austrian People's Party...
Russian War Games Spark Fear in the West
Zapad 2017 ("The West 2017") represented the biggest Russian-led military exercise since Russia's annexation of Crimea in 2014, and has raised concerns among military...
Gibraltar after Brexit: Where Will the Rock End Up?
Lena Krikorian - 1. July 2017
The United Kingdom's vote to leave the European Union last June, commonly known as Brexit, shocked not only the world, but also many subjects...
In uncertain terms: How current narratives influence refugee integration
Strewn across the front page of newspapers and littered on News Feeds, Austria's recent ban of the full-face veil in public places has been...
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The Northern Bone of Contention
Nuclear Renaissance in Developing Countries: Will it Pay off?
R2P: R.I.P.
Rote und Schwarze Reichshälften


Caravan parks that provide water and power are located at Policeman's Point, Meningie, and Kingston.
Coorong National Park Camping offers some of the best beach sites in South Australia.
Coorong National Parkcamping and campgrounds.


text:
Eyas's Blog
SCHEMA.ORGSOFTWARETYPESCRIPT
Schema.org Classes in TypeScript: Properties and Special Cases
July 9, 2019 JSON-LD Logo in Public Domain.
In our quest to model Schema.org classes in TypeScript, we've so far managed to model the type hierarchy, scalarDataTypevalues, and enums. The big piece that remains, however, is representing what's actually inside of the class: it's properties.
After all, what it means for a JSON-LD literal to have "@type" equal to "Person" is that certain properties — e.g. "birthPlace" or "birthDate", among others — can be expected to be present on the literal. More than their potential presence, Schema.org defines a meaning for these properties, and the range of types their values could hold.
The easy case: Simple Properties
You can download the entire vocabulary specification of Schema.org, most of which describes properties on these classes. For each property, Schema.org will tell us it's domain (what classes have this property) and range (what types can its values be). For example, the name property specification shows that it is available on the class Thing, and has type Text. One might represent this knowledge as follows:
interface ThingBase {
name: Text;
Linked Data, it turns out, is a bit richer than that, allowing us to express situations where a property has multiple values. In JSON-LD, this is represented by an array as the value of the property. Therefore:
name: Text | Text[];
Multiple Property Types
Often times, however, the range of a particular property is any one of a number of types. For example, the property image on Thing can be an ImageObject or URL. Note, also, that nothing in JSON-LD necessitates that all potential values of image have the same type.
In other words, if we want to represent image on ThingBase, we have:
image: ImageObject | URL | (ImageObject | URL)[];
Properties are Optional
In JSON-LD, all properties are optional. In practice Schema.org cares about "@type" being defined for all classes, but does not otherwise define any other properties as being required. This is sometimes complicated as specific search engines require some set of properties on a class.
name?: Text | Text[];
image?: ImageObject | URL | (ImageObject | URL)[];
Properties Can Supersede Others in the Vocabulary
As Schema.org matures, it's vocabulary changes. Not all of these changes will be additive (adding a new type, or a new type on an existing property). Some will involve adding a new type or property intended to replace another.
For example, area was a property on BroadcastService describing a Place the service applies to. Turns out, a lot of other businesses also apply to a specific area. serviceArea replaced area, and instead of applying to BroadcastService, it applied to its parent, Service. In addition, serviceArea can also apply to Organization and ContactPoint (something area never did). In addition to being just a Place, serviceArea can be an AdministrativeArea or an arbitrary GeoShape.
Later on, serviceArea was replaced by areaServed, which also included a freeform Text as a possible value, and applied to a few more objects.
When a property replaces another, it supersedes it (inversely, the other property is superseded by the new one). These changes keep existing Schema.org JSON-LD backwards-compatible. A property p2 superseding p1 will generally imply:
p2 is available on all types p1 was available on. (p2's domain is strictly wider).
This includes (a) additional types in the domain, or (b) the domain changing to a parent class, for example.
p2 includes all possible types of p1 (p2's range is strictly wider).
Typically, new data will be written with p2, but the intention is that any old data written using p1 continues to be valid.
In TypeScript, we can use the @deprecated JSDoc annotation to recommend using a new property instead. We can go further and simply skip all deprecated properties (properties that are superseded by one or more properties) if we wanted to.
The story of area, serviceArea, and areaServed can be partially summarized as follows:
interface BroadcastServiceBase extends OrganizationBase {
/** @deprecated Superseded by serviceArea */
"area"?: Place | Place[];
interface OrganizationBase {
/** @deprecated Superseded by areaServed *
"serviceArea"?: AdministrativeArea | GeoShape | Place |
(AdministrativeArea | GeoShape | Place)[];
"areaServed"?: AdministrativeArea | GeoShape | Place | Text |
(AdministrativeArea | GeoShape | Place | Text)[];
Multiple Types
"@type" is just another property (albeit it has speical meaning).
JSON-LD permits a node to have multiple "@type"s as well, and search engines are happy to accept multiple types (at least for some nodes). In practice, a node having two types means that it can have properties on both types. For example, this is valid:
"@type": ["Organization", "Person"],
"birthDate": "1980-01-01",
"foundingDate": "2000-01-01"
In TypeScript, discriminating a union on an array seems to be hard, and it becomes a bit clunky to define. For now, our TypeScript definitions will not allow multiple @type values.
Sub-Properties
Schema.org takes advantage of the RDF concept of a sub-property:
If a property P is a subproperty of property P', then all pairs of resources which are related by P are also related by P'
RDF Schema 1.1
Simply put, a sub-property is a more specific version of a property.
For example, image exists on Thing, but has two sub-properties: logo, which exists on Brand, Organization, and a few other types, and photo, which exists on a Place.
One thing I expected is not to be able to specify a super-property on a node whose type has the sub-property available. I.e., if I'm describing a Brand, it's logo will sufficiently describe image, thereby serving no meaning to specify image.
That's not quite true, though, a sub-property implying a property still leaves room for the property itself to be available (an Organization can have multiple images, one of which is its logo).
And while that should be true (by the RDF specification), turns even that isn't true in Schema.org. Some sub-properties have more general types than their super-properties, e.g. photo can be a Photograph, but it's super-property, image cannot.
So here, we simply punt.
Reading Schema.org documentation, you might expect as I did that there are two distinct hierarchies of data: Thing (aka classes/node types) and DataType (aka values/scalars/primitives). That's definitely not true in JSON-LD in general, where many values are untyped to begin with, specified using an "@id" reference, or a string. Schema.org implies it imposes a tighter requirement, and describes these hierarchies dis-jointly, but that turns out not to be true.
Turns out, some types, like Distance are in the Thing hierarchy, but expect string values (in the case of Distance, those would take the form "5 in" or "2.3 cm", etc.).
We might consider having our typings include string (or Text?) for all of our classes. To encourage semantically specifying properties, however, I decided to only allow string on a subset of our nodes.
type Distance = DistanceLeaf | string;
Schema.org is a vocabulary designed in an inherently human way. This sometimes have repercussions of being thoughtful. Yet, just as often, it means that the semantics have evolved in a way that is inconsistent. The result is often dissatisfying: relations that are defined but don't hold in practice, objects that are described with textual comments but have no formal relations specifying them, distances that are described as nodes, and many others. These inconsistencies often lead to hacks when trying to represent the vocabulary in TypeScript.
Yet, it's important not to lose track of why modeling Schema.org in TypeScript to begin with. The lack of tooling around Schema.org (specifically in IDEs when writing out a specific piece of data), is precisely the need we're filling in. But ultimately, adding structure to an ontology that is largely decided by a loose set of guidelines will be lossy.
The question remains: is the trade-off worth it?
For my purposes, schema-dts has helped me tremendously over the past several months.
Schema.org DataType in TypeScript: Structural Typing Doesn't Cut ItLearning by Implementing: Observables
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text:
import ezdxf
from ezdxf import recover
from pathlib import Path

DXF_ENTITY = "SUNSTUDY"

def has_dxf_entity(filename, entity_name):
    try:
        doc = ezdxf.readfile(filename)
    except IOError:
        return False
    except ezdxf.DXFError:
        try:
            print("Using recover mode.")
            doc, auditor = recover.readfile(filename)
        except ezdxf.DXFStructureError:
            print(f"DXF structure error!")
            return False

    entities = doc.modelspace().query(entity_name)
    if len(entities):
        return True
    entities = doc.objects.query(entity_name)
    return bool(len(entities))

def process_dir(folder: Path):
    for filename in folder.iterdir():
        if filename.is_dir() and filename.stem != "BigFiles":
            process_dir(filename)
        elif filename.match("*.dxf"):
            print(f"processing: {filename}")
            if has_dxf_entity(filename, DXF_ENTITY):
                print("\n" + "*" * 40)
                print(f"FOUND: {DXF_ENTITY}")
                print("*" * 40 + "\n")

process_dir(ezdxf.options.test_files_path)


Gear: Gibson Les Paul, Line 6 UX2, JCM800 emulation, touch of reverb and delay.
great playing man, good job!
Great work Sted. Sometimes I see the movement of your fingers like you're not relaxed 100%. If that was a bit smoother and better connected I would have easily give some fives. Anyway, well done.
There is some room for improvement but very nicely done!
Very good job Sted !
Thank you Sted! Nice take! Everything is played very good except one lick at the end of the solo that has some timming problems. I can also note that sometimes your bends don't reach the correct pitch.
However it really cool to see you playing! Keep on rocking!
Nicely played, 89.08% on the lesson..Pass!


As tropical timber is naturally resistant, aesthetic and ecological, it is the logical choice for the manufacture of upscale products.
The aesthetic character of the timber is the main selection criterion to be retained. Timber species with a high degree of stability will be easier to use, even though this characteristic is not essential (valuable species such as Ebony and Rosewood are often difficult to use and are not very stable). The timber that is used must not be too heavy, in order to avoid the manufacture of products that are too difficult to handle.


An intriguing release from newly-launched independent bottler, Copper Monument. This is an 8 year old bourbon, distilled by Heaven Hill in 2009 and matured in a single cask until 2017, when it was bottled at full-on cask strength. Indie bourbons are not common at all, so we expect this to pique the interest of many whiskey enthusiasts.
Nose: Fried banana and vanilla ice-cream, with a whack of allspice for good measure.
Palate: Dark chocolate bitterness balanced by intense caramel sweetness. A touch of corn gives it a savoury note.
Finish: Peppery and very warming.


Editorial: The wheat and the tares - A mixed multitude is defiling Christianity, suggests Jacob Ninan.
Excellence in character - We must set high standards and make efforts to achieve them, teaches Francis Sunderaraj.
Closing the back door - It is not enough to begin well, warns Stanley Mehta.
The two covenants - The standard of righteousness expected from a New Testament believer is higher than that of the Law, exhorts Lily Abraham.
The strength to go on - It is better to look for God's strength in our weaknesses and look to it as the source of our strength, encouragesVico.
The true gospel and the false - Man was created to be centred in God and not in himself, states Zac Poonen.
Rabboni – my Lord and my God - Jesus is in need of followers, not for the good times alone, encourages Christiana Joseph.
The disciple and his walk by faith - Imanuel G. Christian answers the question, how the assurance and certainty of the long-term future help us as we face many uncertainties?
The epistle of James – continuing debates - Luke Vydhian takes us through the book of James and its strong teaching to live to reflect the character of Christ at all times.
Wisdom: God's view versus man's - One should aspire to possess the wisdom to know God, believe in Him and honour Him, encouragesJanet Edwin.
Of crowds and Christ - Not everyone in the crowds following Jesus is after Him, warns Suresh Manoharan.
WEAVE PRAYER INTO YOUR LIFE - Samson Gandhi challenges us to couple or bind prayer to what we do to fulfil His purposes in our lives.
The making of peter the disciple- 14 - The church should never lose its own primary focus on holiness within, exhorts Sandeep Poonen.


Once you have answered these questions, start researching every college you are initially interested in. Make a chart or master list, to keep track of those criteria. College Board is a good place to start (bigfuture.collegeboard.org) and there are many more college review sites & resources available out there.
A sensible and balanced college list takes time! Do your homework NOW. Your original college list will likely look VERY DIFFERENT from your final college list. That's the way it should be as the weeding process progresses! All this takes time to process, so don't procrastinate.
Get out and visit some colleges to educate yourself more! If you can't get to faraway campuses, seek out video tours on college websites, college reviews, ask admissions people questions, do whatever it takes to find out what you want to know! The more you ask, the better your list will be in the end. Remember students, this is YOUR journey, so be at the head of the family parade when it comes to college research!