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ArlettGK
About ArlettGK
Love the outhdoors, travel and reading.
Key Reviews
ArlettGK replied to Grenouille21's topic in Royal Caribbean International
So my family and I had a really positive experiance with "The Key" and I wanted to weigh in with 'the was it worth it' question. In my family of 3 we all were already considering internet pacakages (Surf and Stream). So we took that into consideration with the price we paid. We also bought it while it was on sale so we paid $20 per person per day. Keeping that in mind... It was absolutely worth it! Here's why: 1. Priority embarkation. Once we got into the check in building, we got into the priority line with suites and such and there was about 4 families ahead of us. This is compared to the hundreds (if not thousands) of people in the other lines. We didn't book a suite and our Crown and Anchor level is Gold (the lowest). So there is no way we could have skipped the lines otherwise. We go onto the ship in about 15 minutes. This was at about 11:00 am. 2. Priority disembarkation. As part of They Key, we were the 3rd group off the ship and were personally escorted off in a group of about 8. Some picked up thier luggage, we carried our own. By the time we got to customs, we were in line ahead of people who said they were in the first group off the ship. Later on at the airport, we heard others with horror stories of being customs for hours. There are 10 customs officers to process 4000 people! It took us 10-15 minutes to get off the ship and get through customs. So worth it. 3. Embarkation Lunch/ Disembarkation Breakfast. While everyone else was hustling and bustling for food. We enjoyed a leisurely and relaxed meal. A wonderful way to start and end a cruise. 4. Private hours. We did flowrider and there were 5 people in line ahead of us. We also did the the ice skating and had the ice to ourselves and 1 other family. That's 1 hour of ice time with only 5 people on the ice total. Amazing!!! One of the best experiances my family had on the cruise. 5. Reserved seating. For most shows we just came early and found a seat. But for one show, we were running late and showed up to the theater 2 minutes before the show and were shown to our reserved seats. They were on the uppper deck so not the closest, but there was a bar just for those guests (so no waiting) and because it was semi private, after the show we could leave without being in the massive crush of people. In conclusion, if you are even thinking about purchasing internet, spring for "The Key". The time saving is sooo worth it. Especially if you are a low level C&A and don't have a suite. A much more relaxed experiance on the 2 busiest days.


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NGC 1439 est une galaxie elliptique située dans la constellation de l'Éridan. Sa vitesse par rapport au fond diffus cosmologique est de , ce qui correspond à une distance de Hubble de . Elle a été découverte par l'astronome germano-britannique William Herschel en 1784.

À ce jour, une vingtaine de mesures non basées sur le décalage vers le rouge (redshift) donnent une distance de , ce qui est à l'intérieur des valeurs de la distance de Hubble.

Groupe de NGC 1395
NGC 1439 fait partie du groupe de NGC 1395. Ce groupe fait partie de l'amas de l'Éridan et il comprend au moins 31 galaxies, dont NGC 1315, NGC 1325, NGC 1331, NGC 1332, NGC 1347, NGC 1353, NGC 1371, NGC 1377, NGC 1395, NGC 1401, NGC 1414, NGC 1415, NGC 1422, NGC 1426, NGC 1438, IC 1952, IC 1953 et IC 1962.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Liste des objets du NGC

Liens externes

 NGC 1439 sur spider.seds.org
 NGC 1439 sur la base de données LEDA
 NGC 1439 sur WikiSky
 NGC 1439 sur le site du professeur C. Seligman

1439
Constellation de l'Éridan
Galaxie elliptique
Amas de l'Éridan
Objet céleste découvert en 1784
Objet céleste découvert par William Herschel

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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All Investigators are required to adhere to the university's policy on the Disclosure of Financial Interests and Management of Conflicts of Interest Related to Sponsored Projects [pdf] which requires that a financial disclosure form must be completed at least annually and be reviewed in connections with certain proposals submitted to the Office of Sponsored Awards Management (SAM). Currently, this requirement applies to all proposals submitted to the Public Health Service (PHS), including the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the National Science Foundation (NSF). It also applies to any investigator who discloses a financial interest connected with the work to be performed on a sponsored project.
When must a disclosure form be submitted or amended?
Annually. Or, at the time a proposal is submitted to SAM there must be a disclosure on file.
When there is a change in previously reported financial interests, including while a proposal is pending and during the period of an award.
Who must submit a disclosure of financial interests form?
Any individual named on a sponsored project who is responsible for the design, conduct, or reporting of the results of work performed must complete a Disclosure Form. This includes the principal investigator, co-investigator(s), and other individuals, including consultants, who have independent responsibility for accomplishing project objectives.
What must be disclosed?
Anything of monetary value received by the investigator (including the Investigator's spouse or dependent children) that reasonably appears to be related to his/her institutional responsibilities* must be reported. Financial interests that are deemed to be significant will be reviewed to determine if there is a financial conflict of interest (FCOI).
*Institutional responsibilities include teaching/education, research, outreach, clinical service and public service, which are carried out on behalf of the University of South Carolina within the scope of the investigator's USC appointment/employment.
What constitutes a Significant Financial Interest (SFI)?
For a publicly traded entity: Income or other payment for services including, but not limited to salary, consulting payments, honoraria, paid authorship, payments made to a health sciences compensation (practice) plan, or other consideration of value, received during the prior twelve months and the value of any equity interest (including stock, stock options or other ownership interests, as determined by public prices or other reasonable measure of fair market value) in the entity as of the date of disclosure, which when aggregated, exceeds $5,000.
Investigators are not required to disclose (a) payments made by USC, including salary, stipends, royalty payments, honoraria, reimbursement of expenses, or any other remuneration from USC; (b) income for seminars, lectures, teaching engagements, or service on advisory committees or review panels sponsored by federal, state or local governments, a US institution of higher education, or a research institute, academic medical center or hospital that is affiliated with an institution of higher education; or (c) SFI in mutual funds or other investment vehicles such as retirement funds as long as the investigator does not directly control the investment decisions made for these investment vehicles.
Intellectual property rights and interests: Income received from each organization that exceeds $5,000 during the prior twelve months; however, SFI does not include royalties or payments related to patents and copyrights that are owned by USC (i.e. payments from USC are excluded from the reporting requirement).
For a non-publicly traded entity: Income or other payment for services including, but not limited to salary, consulting payments, honoraria, paid authorship, payments made to a health sciences compensation (practice) plan or other consideration of value, received during the prior twelve months that exceeds $5,000, or ANY equity interest, including, but not limited to stock, stock options, or ownership interest in the entity.
Travel: Reimbursements or payments of any amount for travel received by the Investigator during the prior twelve months, or the value of travel paid on behalf of the Investigator. Whether or not the value of the travel is known, the following must be reported for each trip:
Destination; and
Duration of trip
This does not include travel paid by USC grants, sponsored projects, or other USC institutional funds. Nor does it include travel paid by a non-foreign government agency, an institution of higher education, academic teaching hospital/medical center, or a research institute affiliated with an institution of higher education.
What happens after the proposal is submitted?
The USC Reviewing Official (RO) will review the disclosure form and reasonably determine whether any reported financial interest is related to the sponsored project, and if related, whether the financial interest constitutes a financial conflict of interest.
When is a financical interest considered related to a sponsored project?
When the work to be performed under the sponsored project and/or the results of the undertaking reasonably could be expected to have an impact on a financial interest, the financial interest is "related" to the sponsored project and must be reviewed by the university's RO to determine if the relationship constitutes a FCOI.The following are examples of "related" financial interest(s):
The organization in which an Investigator has a financial interest will manufacture or commercialize the drug, device, procedure, or any other product which will predictably result from the project;
The results of the project would be relevant to the development, manufacturing, or improvement of the product or services of the organization in which an Investigator has a financial interest;
The sponsored project will subcontract a portion of the work, lease property, or make purchases from an entity in which an investigator has a financial interest;
The sponsored project will involve referral of participants to an organization in which an investigator has a financial interest, or includes collaboration or participation in a consortium of organizations in which an investigator has a financial interest.
What constitutes a FCOI?
A FCOI exists when it is determined reasonably by the RO and COIC that the related financial interest could affect directly and significantly the design, conduct, or reporting of the sponsored research/project.
How is a FCOI managed?
If it is determined that a FCOI exists, the RO and CoIC will advise the investigator and the university on how the project must be managed and other actions that must be taken to eliminate the conflict or reduce it to an acceptable level. This will be communicated to the Investigator in the form of a Conflicts Management Plan.Options for managing financial conflicts include, but are not limited to:
Public disclosure of financial conflicts of interests (e.g., when presenting or publishing the research; to staff members working on the project; to Institutional Review Board(s);
For research projects involving human subjects research, disclosure of financial conflicts of interest directly to subjects;
Appointment of an independent monitor capable of taking measures to protect the design, conduct, and reporting of the research against bias resulting from the FCOI;
Modification of the research plan;
Change of personnel or personnel responsibilities, or disqualifications of personnel from participation in all or a portion of the research;
Reduction or elimination of the financial interest (e.g., sale of an equity interest); or
Severance of relationships that create financial conflicts
What will be reported to sponsoring agencies?
In the case of PHS supported projects, the University must report the existence of a FCOI prior to expending any grant funds. The report must include sufficient information to enable the sponsoring agency to understand the nature and extent of the FCOI and to assess the appropriateness of the university's management plan. The report will include, but not be limited to, the following elements.
Project number;
PD/PI or Contact PD/PI if a multiple PD/PI model is used;
Name of the investigator with the FCOI;
Name(s) of the entity(ies) with which the investigator has a FCOI;
Nature of the financial interest (e.g., equity, consulting fee, travel reimbursement, honorarium);
Value of the financial interest (dollar ranges are permissible: $0-$4,999; $5,000- $9,999; $10,000-$19,999; amounts between $20,000-$100,000 by increments of $20,000; amounts above $100,000 by increments of $50,000), or a statement that the interest is one whose value cannot be readily determined through reference to public prices or other reasonable measures of fair market value;
A description of how the financial interest relates to the NIH-funded research and why the institution determined that the financial interest conflicts with such research;
A description of the key elements of the institution's management plan, including:
Role and principal duties of the conflicted investigator in the research project;
Conditions of the management plan
How the management plan is designed to safeguard objectivity in the research project;
Confirmation of the investigator's agreement to the management plan;
How the management plan will be monitored to ensure investigator compliance; and
Other information as needed.
Additional reports must be submitted to PHS throughout the life of the award as follows; 1) when progress reports are submitted, 2) within 60 days of determining that a newly acquired SFI constitutes a FCOI, or 3) within 60 days of determining that a FCOI exists for an investigator who joins the project.Reports to other sponsoring agencies will be submitted in accordance with agency requirements. (e.g. NSF requires that the university report only the existence of a FCOI which cannot be managed, reduced or eliminated.)
What will happen in the case of non-compliance?
Failure to file a complete Disclosure of Financial Interest Form, update the disclosure, or to comply with any conditions or restrictions imposed on the conduct of the project under USC Policy RSCH 1.06 will be grounds for disciplinary action pursuant to the relevant university policies related to faculty conduct or other applicable employee disciplinary policies. In addition, federal regulations may require reports to the federal sponsor of any information which may show a violation of university policy. Sponsors may suspend or terminate the award and/or debar an Investigator from receiving future awards in the event of failure to comply with applicable federal regulations on disclosure, review, and management of significant financial interests related to federally sponsored projects.
Will the disclosure form be available to the public?
The disclosure form(s) will be retained as part of the project file, and upon receipt of a written request, disclosures that meet the following criteria may be disclosed publicly.
The SFI was disclosed and is still held by the senior/key personnel for the PHS-funded research project
The university determines that the SFI is related to the PHS-funded research; and
It is determined that the SFI is a Financial Conflict of Interest.
Information subject to public disclosure includes at a minimum:
investigator's name;
investigator's title and role with respect to the research project;
name of the entity in which the SFI is held;
nature of the SFI; and
approximate dollar value of the SFI.
The information included on disclosure forms must be retained for three (3) years after termination of the sponsored project or until resolution of any action by the sponsor, whichever is longer.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Shark Island was one of the most popular club bands in Los Angeles during the 80`s metal explosion. They dubbed themselves the "the longest running successful rock show in L.A.", but they were never able to break wide open.
They began as the Sharks as early as 1979 when high school friends Richard Black (considered to be the man from whom Guns N` Roses` front man Axl Rose stole most of his stage moves!) and Spencer Sercombe joined forces. The lineup for the Sharks changed regularly, with vocalist Black and guitarist Sercombe being the only staples.


Monthly Column: Are Attorney's Fees Consequential Damages In Legal Malpractice Actions?
On behalf of Weisberg Law posted in Legal Malpractice on Monday, February 13, 2012.
In reading The Legal's reporting in First Judicial District of Pennsylvania v. Rotwitt, et al., Phila. C.P. October term; 2011, No. 4286, it appears plaintiff-FJD additionally seeks attorney's fees secondary to its legal malpractice claim arising from the Philadelphia family court construction project litigation. Said differently, as reported, this, in part, legal malpractice action seeks its related attorney's fees: both regarding incurred by FJD in the underlying action as well as to be incurred in prosecuting this action.
To the best of this author's knowledge, there is no Pennsylvania precedential authority to allow the recovery of attorney's fees related exclusively to the prosecution of the legal malpractice action absent a contractual provision in the underlying fee agreement otherwise. With this action, it appears there was no contractual provision.
However, as reported cited by FJD, New Jersey holds otherwise: legal malpractice actions are "fee shifting." Saffer, et al. v. Willoughby, 670 A.2d 527 (N.J. 1996).
Willoughby, a former professional basketball player, retained the services of All-Pro Reps, Inc., and its principals, as agent and business manager, respectively. For most of his career, Willoughby arranged for All-Pro to receive a portion of his earnings for All-Pro to invest on Willoughby's behalf. However, All-Pro's principals diverted most of the money without Willoughby's authorization into tax shelters, resulting in Willoughby losing approximately $1,000,000.00.
All-Pro principal, Jerry Davis, brought an action against Willoughby alleging Davis owed $129,000.00 in fees. Willoughby retained Michael Saffer, Esquire, to defend him in the fee dispute litigation.
Willoughby asserted counterclaims against Davis alleging breach of fiduciary duty and misappropriation of funds. When Willoughby requested Saffer to implead All-Pro's other principal, Lewis Sheffel, Saffer refused claiming there was no evidence to support Sheffel's involvement in the mishandling of Willoughby's money.
A jury awarded Willoughby $768,047.84 in compensatory damages and $100,000 in punitive damages on the counterclaim. The Appellate Division (New Jersey's intermediate court) reduced the award to $750,957.78.
Thereafter, Davis filed a Chapter 11 bankruptcy petition. As a result, Willoughby was only able to collect $150,000.00 of the total judgment.
Saffer then accused Willoughby of Willoughby's failure to pay Saffer's legal fees. Willoughby alleged Saffer breached their fee agreement by billing at excessive rates and for duplicative work. This new fee dispute between Saffer and Willoughby resulted in arbitration with the fee committee for Passaic County (in New Jersey, an opportunity for fee dispute arbitration is mandatory and that opportunity must be advised of the client-defendant prior to the initiation of the fee dispute complaint with the trial court; in Pennsylvania, fee arbitration is permissive with no pre-suit requirement of notice).
During the arbitration litigation, Willoughby reviewed Saffer's file regarding the Davis-Willoughby matter - discovering a promissory note signed by Sheffel that tied Sheffel to the misappropriation of Willoughby's earnings. This caused Willoughby to allege that Saffer withheld this evidence when he advised Willoughby that there was no legal basis for impleading Sheffel. Willoughby alleged that had Sheffel been held jointly liable for the judgment, Willoughby would have been able to collect the full amount of his damages from Sheffel.
During the arbitration, Saffer filed a malpractice complaint in the trial court. Notwithstanding, the fee dispute committee found Saffer entitled to his total fee as compliant with RPC 1.5. Saffer sought to vacate the arbitration award or stay it pending disposition of the legal malpractice complaint, but the trial court denied both requests.
While much of the New Jersey Supreme Court's opinion regards the procedural interplay between the fee dispute arbitration and separate legal malpractice proceeding, the remainder of the opinion directly bears the directly upon FJD's request for legal malpractice attorney's fees.
In reaching its decision that a cause of action in legal malpractice presents a fee shifting remedy, the Saffer court surveyed other jurisdictions. The court held that there is a general rule that "permits a lawyer who rendered negligent services to collect his or her reasonable fee less damages sustained by the client." Conversely, "a client may recover the actual damages sustained by an attorney's malpractice ... ." In adopting a prior Appellate Division's opinion, the Supreme Court held an attorney precluded from fees for services negligently performed.
To the surprise of perhaps the entire New Jersey legal community, the court went further: "a negligent attorney is responsible for the reasonable legal expenses and attorney's fees incurred by a former client in prosecuting the legal malpractice action." The Supreme Court reasoned that those damages are consequential.
In reviewing New York law, the New Jersey Supreme Court rejected New York precedent holding that an arbitration panel's attorney's fee award bars a subsequent malpractice case as "necessarily includ[ing] the finding of no malpractice."
Thus, in New Jersey, as to attorney malpractice actions, the "American Rule" has been rejected (with the exception of executor or trustee undue influence). Time and time again, New Jersey courts have rejected the application of Saffer fee shifting to other similar but not attorney-malpractice (or attorney breach of fiduciary) claims. Except as discussed,Saffer has never been since expanded (but has often been criticized).
What makes legal malpractice actions different than other professional negligence matters (or, in fact, other matters altogether)? Why are claims against attorneys so different as to warrant the expansion of fee-shifting almost solely with regard to attorneys - whereas the American rule is the prevailing standard in every other category?
Unfortunately, the New Jersey courts (seem to this author) as to have not well-explained this difference. In looking at the Saffer commentary, it seems that Saffer does not make much sense - but that New Jersey attorneys are struck with it.
Certainly, in New Jersey, attorneys have traditionally been treated differently than other professionals. No other professional requires a pre-suit notice towards the opportunity of binding arbitration prior to collection of a delinquent debt (except in foreclosure). The New Jersey legal malpractice statute of limitations is six (6) years (in contrast to Pennsylvania's two years - with the Gorski perhaps breach of contract exception discussed in prior columns). The New Jersey disciplinary system seems to be much more draconian (with many more rules and more severe punishments for the violation of those rules).
Thus, in New Jersey, Saffer perhaps is a recognition that the state simply treats attorneys differently at large.
While this author can presume that difference arises out of our self-patrolling system of governance, special relationship to our clients, and the overriding duty of candor and honesty in all things as a reflection of the necessary implication that attorneys through judges do, in fact, make the law. As to the law, legislators are held to like standards (except are, in their individual capacities and, in large part, in their official capacities, immune from civil actions).
However, why are medical malpractice actions not fee-shifting? Certainly, there is no more vulnerable or unsophicate as a patient undergoing surgery. There is no less an obligation of candor and honesty with regards to a psychiatrist. Medical professionals have their own governing body and licensure requirements (including the obligation for ongoing continuing education).
Thus, it would appear on the surface that we treat ourselves differently than compared to doctors (or even other like professionals) treat each other - i.e., we treat ourselves worse (as is no more evident than in law school versus medical school: shark tank v. fraternity).
In reviewing Saffer, it would seem that the one distinct difference is, frankly, our fees.
With the exception of contractual provisions or statutes, the American Rule necessitates that a client must pay their own attorney; thus, the client cannot be truly fully compensated - made whole. In a legal malpractice action, where the client seeks that underlying compensation through a second more difficult and expensive action, the New Jersey Supreme Court seems to have understood the practicality that a client suing his attorney, at least in part, must be, as much as possible, placed in a position he would have obtained had the underlying attorney not acted negligently.
By this economic analysis, Saffer makes sense. However, the economics have never been addressed by the New Jersey courts.


From "The Jews in Latvia". Editorial board: M. Bobe, S. Levenberg, I. Maor, Z. Michaeli. © 1971 Association of Latvian and Esthonian Jews in Israel. Used with permission.
JEWS settled in Kurland earlier than in other parts of Latvia.
According to the historian Reuven Wunderbar, Jewish settlement there began in the 16th century. The first-comers originated from East Prussia. They came by sea as merchants, and eventually established their home in Hasenpot and Pilten. The Bishop of Pilten encouraged Jews to stay, realizing the usefulness of their trading between Prussia and his district. The greater part of Jewish immigration into Kurland, however, came across the southem border, namely from Lithuania.
Kurland was incorporated into the Russian Empire in 1795. Its Jewish population at that time amounted to less than 5000 souls. It is interesting to note that only 20% lived in towns, while 80% found a livelihood in the countryside, on the large estates of the German Barons, as petty artisans, innkeepers, land tenants and peddlars. In 1850, fifty-five years later, the Jewish population in Kurland had grown to 22,000; and by the end of the century, in 1897, it reached the impressive number of 51,000.
During the second half of the 19th century important developments took place in Russia's foreign trade, its export being channelled to a great extent through the Baltic sea ports of Riga, Libau and Windau. Two important railway lines were laid for the export of Russian grain through the two latter ports: The Romni-Libau Line and the Rybinsk-Windau Line. These two ports had the advantage over Riga of being open for shipping all the year round, whereas the big port of Riga was closed during the winter months because of massive ice. To store the grain at the exit ports, huge silos were built with modern facilities for speedy loading into vessels. Libau had a further economic asset, namely a naval port where part of the Russian Baltic fleet was stationed.
These economic changes had a great impact on the port cities, which prospered and grew fast. However, inland towns like Goldingen, Talsen, Sasmaken, Zabeln, and others had only a small share in the economic expansion and remained almost untouched in their idyllic quaintness. Zabeln, Kandau, Talsen and their surroundings were called the "Switzerland of Kurland" for their romantic beauty. (The name Talsen is supposed to be a combination of the German words "Tal" and "See", meaning "valley" and "lake".) Goldingen on the shore of the Venta river, with its waterfall, its wonderful big park in the heart of the town, its classic German gymnasium and entirely German atmosphere, had a particularly provincial character, with practically no change for generations in spite of its industries: A match factory (Hirschmann), a needle factory, and a flourmill, all belonging to Jews.
Mitau was the seat of the central government administration, where the Governor of Kurland resided. Tukkum had the advantage of two railway lines meeting there; while Hasenpot, for example, enjoyed its position on the crossroads from Goldingen to Libau, with which there was a narrow gauge railroad from Hasenpot.
Kurland was not part of the Pale of Settlement (the part of Russia where Jews were permitted to live), and only those who were born there had the right of residence. In spite of restrictions, however, the influx of Jews from other parts of Russia, and in the first place from Lithuania, was very considerable throughout the 19th century. There had always been neighbourly ties of all kinds between Kurland and the adjacent sections of Lithuania. There were no Yeshivot (Talmudical academies) in Kurland. For this reason well-to-do Jews in Kurland sent their sons to study at the famous Yeshivot of Volozhin, Slobodka, Telsh, Mir, and others. They also chose learned young Yeshiva students as husbands for their daughters. Eventually these students became rabbis or teachers, who were badly needed in Kurland. Most of the rabbis in Kurland who established a succession of renowned rabbinical families originated in Lithuania. To mention only a few: The Rabbis Eliasbere (Bausk), Samunoff (Windau, Mitau), Lichtenstein (Tukkum) and Nurock (Mitau, Libau). Rabbi Abraham Yitzhak Hacohen Kook resided in Bausk, and later became Chief Rabbi of Israel. Thus Lithuania had a considerable share in Jewish religious education and spiritual leadership in Kurland.
However, winds of knowledge and education also blew from the West. Famous educators came to Kurland from Germany. Thus David Friedlander, a pupil of Moses Mendelssohn, and Professor Marcus Hertz of Berlin, both resided in Mitau for several years. The Emancipation and the ensuing urge for contemporary education in neighbouring Germany did not pass without infuencing the Jews in Kurland who, in fact, were quite perceptive to Western culture, their language being German (Kurisches Deutsch), even if they also spoke Yiddish. Indeed, long before Friedlander and Hertz came to Kurland, the German cultural influence on the Jewish population there was paramount. The historian Wunderbar remarks in his book, which appeared in 1853: "As to their (the Jews of Kurland's) education, it is most satisfactory. Even the poor do their utmost to give their children a fair education, and among the adults there are practically none who do not command the German language."
As it happened, there was no competition between East and West in guiding the Jews of Kurland. On the contrary, both complemented each other. Where the East took the lead in Jewish religious education, the West cared for the secular aspects.
All these developments and currents created the unique type of the Kurland Jew, often named "Kurischer" by his brethren from other parts ot Latvia. It meant the Jew from the province, straightforward, not too smart, observant but not very learned, a person with a distinctly German background who at the same time was responsive to cultural and spiritual influences from the Russian provinces.
The favourable economic developments during the second half of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century were a blessing to the Jewish population in Kurland. However, not all parts of the country enjoyed the economic upsurge to the same degree. As already mentioned, the sea-port cities of Libau and Windau were prospering. They attracted Jews from neighbouring communities. Libau gained new residents from Grobin, Hasenpoth and Goldingen; Windau from Pilten (virtually the entire Jewish population gradually moved to Windau), Zabeln, Talsen, Sasmaken and Kandau. However, Libau and Windau, and even the big city of Riga, were unable to absorb all those who struggled for a livelihood. With the approach of the 20th century, emigration to the United States of America set in, expanding considerably with the terror and persecution following the abortive revolution of 1905, and reaching South Africa and England. In this context it may be of interest to mention a historical episode which took place 60-65 years earlier, namely in the year 1840, when 341 Jewish families, consisting of 2530 souls, emigrated to the south of Russia (Kherson Guberniya) to work on the land there. The emigrants were mainly from Mitau, Bausk, Hasenpoth and Goldingen, the communities which suffered most from lack of gainful occupation. This enterprise was sponsored by the Russian Government, but also by some Jewish leaders and educators from Germany like Dr. Max Lilienthal, who called for the productivisation of the Jewish masses.
In spite of the fact that Kurland scarcely had an organized labour force among its Jewish population, Jewish youth took an active part in the rising against the Russian Government in 1905. They paid a high price for their participation, when the reaction set in and the Revolution was smashed with an iron fist. To liquidate the revolting Latvian peasants who rebelled against their landlords the German barons, chasing them out of their estates and setting their mansions on fire, the Russian Government sent a punitive task force consisting of Cossack and dragoon detachments to Kurland. Latvian peasants in hundreds were executed on the spot, while Jewish revolutionaries -- real or suspect -- were not spared either. In Windau two Jews, Meir Wulfson and young Behrman, were shot by the Russians. Fearing pogroms, Jews and Latvians organized a common self-defence which did not abstain from attacking the government forces wherever possible.
High government officials representative of the Tsarist regime were assassinated. On a Saturday morning the District Commissioner, Colonel Brown, was shot dead in Windau on the way to his office. The assailant was never identified. In Tukkum, the town commandant and 17 dragoons were killed by revolutionaries; which, of course, led to condign punishment on the part of the authorities. An entire section of Tukkum was wiped out, including several Jewish families. Shaul Berman and Jacob Blumenthal from Tukkum were sentenced to death for taking part in the rising, but managed to escape before it was too late. Israel Friedman of Bausk, a locksmith, was accused of making arms for the self-defence and was executed.
Talsen suffered more than any other town in Kurland. The Russian dragoons surrounded the town and fired indiscriminately, setting it on fire. Half of the place went up in names. There were several Jewish casualties, among them a young man by the name of Ludwig Thalberg.
World War I broke out in August 1914, and had an immediate effect on life in Kurland. The German border was not far away, and in spite of initial victories of the Russian army in East Prussia, the dangers of hostilities spreading to Kurland and of a possible German occupation were imminent. The Autumn and Winter passed without spectacular changes, except for a standstill in many fields of the economy. The snow of the first winter had hardly melted away, however, when a strong German offensive began, endangering the right wing of the Russian front. The Russian Army leaders, seeking excuses for their defeats, had the answer ready: The Jewish population was in sympathy with Germany, and was spying for the Germans. They therefore demanded that Jews be removed at least 50 kms from the front.
The Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army, Nikolai Nikolaevitch, an uncle of the Czar, Nikolai II, decreed on April 28, 1915 that the entire Jewish population of Kurland should be expelled within twenty-four hours. The confusion, anxiety and panic of the Jews on that memorable day of April 28, 1915 can hardly be described. Jewish leaders appealed to the authorities, but all they could achieve was a postponement of several days. Five provinces (Guberni) in the heart of Russia were designated for the resettlement of the expelled Jews; namely Mogiliov, Chernigov, Poltava, Voronezh and Yekaterinoslav. The greater part of the Jewish community of Windau chose the town of Orsha in the Mogiliov district.
Why Orsha of all places? The writer recollects exactly how the choice was made. To a certain extent, he was responsible for the selection. When the five Guberni were announced, my sister and I, the best-educated members of the family, opened an Atlas to see where those five Guberni were situated. We found that the least distant was the Mogiliov Guberni, and the first town to be reached on the way would be Orsha. Father was enlightened on the geographical situation, and accepted our suggestion. When neighbours, relatives and friends came in to ask the fateful question: "Where do we go"?, we replied "Orsha", stressing its geographical advantage, and everybody found our choice reasonable enough. There was actually no reason whatsoever to choose Orsha, other than its being the least distant point from Kurland. Apparently the choice was dictated by the secret hope of the expelled that they would be able to return to their homes before long.
The brutal decree struck the Jews of Kurland as an overwhelming blow. It meant leaving everything behind, their homes, businesses, and properties, and setting out on an adventurous journey to an unknown Russian land without even knowing the Russian language. At that time families were blessed with plenty of children. The writer belonged to a family of seven children, aged from 4 to 18. The concern and worry grew even greater when it was announced that there would be no accommodation in passenger trains, but special freight cars (cattle trucks) would be provided and only the most necessary personal belongings could be taken along.
The day when several hundred families gathered at the railway station of Windau, to entrain in the long row of cattle-trucks prepared for the fantastic journey into the unknown, will not be forgotten by those who participated in the nightmarish adventure. The platform was crowded with men, women and children of all ages, old, young, fit and sick, all sitting on their bundles, the miserable remains of their households, now the only property left to them; the women weeping, some of the men uttering prayers. When the doors of the cattle-trucks were opened the people started crawling in, stowing their bundles, suitcases, and prams st the sides of the trucks. It took several hours until everybody was settled somehow -- relatives, neighbours and friends together as far as possible. By the time the doors were shut and the long, sad freight train left the station in the direction of Riga darkness had fallen. Most of the people fell asleep on the floor at once, resting their tired and heavy heads on their bundles, their children next to them. There were probably many heads of families who could not find sleep at all, their minds turning over the fateful question: What were they to expect over there? How would they make a living, where would they house their families?
Next morning the train arrived in Riga, after several stops during the night. In Riga, at the freight yard where freight trains normally stop, a surprise was in store. A delegation of Riga Jews came to make us welcome and put heart into us, greeting us with fresh rolls, cheese, sausage, tea, sweets for the children, and a good supply of food for the rest of our journey. The delegation also brought the gratifying message that a public committee consisting of prominent Jewish leaders (Lazar Ettingen, Mordechai Nurock, Professor Paul Mintz, Mendel Luloff and others) had been formed to provide help for the suffering Jews of Kurland. Similar committees had immediately been organized in other towns with a Jewish population. On our long journey we were met in Dvinsk, Polotsk, and Vitebsk in the same friendly and hospitable manner as in Riga.
We arrived in Orsha on a Saturday morning before dawn, after a journey of almost a whole week. Here in Orsha, a town of 50,000 Jews (only 5000 non-Jews) a further surprise awaited us. We were literally carried out of the cars on the hands of those who came to greet us. Jewish men and women, mostly students, accompanied us into the station hall where long tables had been set with tea and fresh food. We were not allowed to carry our bundles. That was done by the students themselves. We were their guests, and under their protection and care. This remarkable devotion and brotherly love on the part of Russian Jews was manifested not only in Orsha but in all places where the expelled Jews chose to settle. Russian Jewry proved to be a solid and dependable protector of the poor Jews from Kurland, who had suddenly become homeless through no fault of their own.
Outside the station hall a new day was coming to life, a lovely sunny early summer day. The newcomers were now carried to town in all sorts of carriages and settled temporarily in schools, synagogues, and private homes. Our family was split. The five younger children remained with our parents in a schoolhouse, the two older ones were accommodated in the house of a wealthy farmer outside Orsha, who came to the railway station to share in the reception of the newcomers and give a hand. The Jews of Orsha spared no effort to give every possible assistance to the "refugees", as we were misleadingly described. We were not refugees. We did not run away from our homes, but were expelled by order of the military authorities. Help was extended in a public organized way, and very frequently in a private manner. It soon became plain that we were not the only Jews who needed help. Many more "refugees" landed in Orsha and became the responsibility of the local Jewish community.
Two years later, when the German armies were approaching the Dnieper Line, the good Jews of Orsha became refugees themselves. Some of them found shelter in Riga, which was still in Russian hands. This was unfortunately the fate of our benefactor farmer, his wife and his two children. An irony of fate indeed, but it gave my parents, who in the meantime had managed to return to Riga, a welcome though sad opportunity to reciprocate and repay the kindness and hospitality they themselves had enjoyed a few years earlier.
The expulsion of Jews from Kurland had far-reaching consequences. Many perished in Russia. Others remained there for good. Few returned to their homes. It is estimated that of the 40,000 people expelled in 1915, only 16,000-17,000 re-settled in the old places. It can be said without exaggeration that the expulsion of 1915 was a major tragedy in the history of the Jewish community of Kurland.
The abortive Russian revolution of 1905 was not entirely in vain. It produced the so-called constitutional regime and its parliamentary expression, the Duma. There were four Dumas in all. The first was elected in 1906 and included 12 Jewish members from the whole of Russia. Kurland elected Dr. Nissan Katzenelson of Libau, an outstanding Zionist leader. This Duma had a very short life of about three months only. Its composition was not to the taste of the Russian Government, which did not hesitate to dissolve it. The progressive members, among them the Jewish representatives, protested against this action of the Government and signed the famous "Vyborg Declaration". All the protesters, among them Dr. Katzenelson, were imprisoned for three months and disqualified from serving as members of the next Duma.
The Second Duma began its sessions in February 1907, but as it appeared to be even more leftist than the first it was dismissed in June 1907. To the Second Duma only three Jewish members were elected, among them a representative from Kurland; namely Jacob Shapiro of Windau, a timber exporter and a well-educated man of liberal views, who was highly esteemed by the community. The Third Duma (1907-1912) saw only 2 Jewish representatives from the whole of Russia, one of them again a representative from Kurland -- Dr. Lazar Nisselovitch, a lawyer, a native of Bausk. He engaged in very keen parliamentary activity, particularly on Jewish issues. This was not an easy task, since the third Duma was particularly reactionary and anti-Semitic.
Also in the Fourth Duma (1912-1917) Kurland had a Jewish representative, Dr. Yehezkiel Gurvitz, a physician from Jacobstadt. Although the number of Jewish members was cut to a minimum of 2-3, we find a representative from Kurland in all four Dumas. This interesting feature is undoubtedly a great achievement on the part of the Jews of Kurland. However, it should be pointed out that this was only possible thanks to pre-election agreements concluded between Jews and Latvians or Jews and Germans. As a result of such agreements the Jews managed to get one of the two representatives accorded to Kurland. The Duma representatives did their share to obtain more rights for Jews in the days of Tsarist Russia.
The Jews of Kurland were in many respects a homogeneous group. For instance, with very few exceptions they were strictly traditional. Saturdays and holidays were observed throughout, with all shops and business closed, and full attendance at synagogues, kosher households, traditional Friday evenings, and so on. There were very few fanatical members of the community, and even fewer non-conformists.
It can be said in the same way that all Kurland Jews, with very few exceptions, were Zionists. In the early stages of the Zionist Movement the participation of Jews from Kurland was particularly evident. In 1885 a "Hovevei Zion" Organization was founded in Libau by Nissan Smolitzinsky, with some 300 registered members. Kurland dispatched three delegates to the Hovevei Zion Convention in Druskeniki in 1887. They were: Dr. Hillel Klein and Joseph Zakheim of Libau, and Rabbi Zvi Rabinovitch of Mitau. At the close of the Convention the Hovevei Zion Organization in Libau published a declaration which was signed by well-known Rabbis like Mordechai Eliasberg, Shmuel Mohilever, Naphtali Zvi Yehuda Berlin and Jacob Reines, and was distributed in the cities of Russia. In 1902 the famous all-Russian Zionist Convention in Minsk took place. The delegate from Kurland (Mitau) was Rabbi Mordechai Nurock who eventually published a report on this Convention in the form of a book. According to his report there were 22 Zionist organizations in Kurland in 1902. Dr. Nissan Katzenelson of Libau took part in the Third Zionist Congress at Basle. He was elected to the Directorate of the Jewish Colonial Trust. He was a close friend of Dr. Theodore Herzl, who invited him to accompany him to St. Petersburg in 1903.
The Zionist idea struck deep roots among the Jews of Kurland. It was the only Jewish national or political movement in Kurland to speak of before, and in great part after, the independence of Latvia. Thanks to Zionist activities many hundred Jewish youths emigrated to Palestine as pioneers, and escaped the fate of their brethren who remained in Kurland. Today one can meet Kurlanders in kibbutzim and moshavim, also in cities as manufacturers, businessmen, Government officials, high-ranking army officers, doctors, lawyers, engineers, artisans, and workers.
This essay consists largely of personal reminiscences. Thus it conveys incomplete and sometimes fragmentary information on memorable events, important trends and developments. It does not pretend to be more than a modest contribution to a true portrayal of the distinguished Kurland Jewry which was so cruelly and inhumanly destroyed by the Nazis, and which has perished almost completely. It is dedicated to their blessed memory, with deep and genuine affection. Very few who can tell the story of Kurland Jews are left, and it is doubtful whether more publications on their life will see the light. Therefore this essay is, I trust, its own justification. Its shortcomings will, I hope, be tolerated and forgiven.


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Apple drafts Cynthia Hogan from NFL and VP Joe Biden's staff to head Washington office
With recent spats with the FBI and the Obama administration, Apple's presence in Washington is growing rapidly. Today it was revealed that Apple hired insider Cynthia Hogan to head up its Washington office. Politico broke the story:
Hogan will become the iPhone maker's vice president for public policy and government affairs for the Americas, a role that oversees not only the company's D.C. operations but also Canada and Latin America. She'll report to Lisa Jackson, Apple's vice president of environment, policy and social initiatives, who previously led the Environmental Protection Agency."Cynthia's intellect and judgment have consistently distinguished her as a uniquely talented professional and we're lucky to have her join the team at Apple," Jackson said in a statement.
Hogan will serve as vice president for public policy and government affairs at Apple and report to VP of environment, policy and social initiatives, Lisa Jackson, who joined the company from the EPA in 2013 and reports directly to CEO Tim Cook. Politico notes she'll be responsible not only for US operations from Washington, but also Latin America and Canada.
"Cynthia's intellect and judgment have consistently distinguished her as a uniquely talented professional and we're lucky to have her join the team at Apple," Jackson said in a statement.
Hogan is no stranger to controversy having presided over an NFL dealing with serious health issues involved with concussions and head injuries, "Deflategate" and the local Washington "Redskins" derogatory name.
Before the NFL she was a top aide to US Vice President Joe Biden, which will certainly come in handy, for the next year anyway.
NFL Cynthia Hogan


The year 1993 wasn't shaping up to be the best year of my life. I was into my eighth year as a single parent.
I had three kids in college, my unmarried daughter had just given birth to my first grandchild and I was about to break up with a very nice man I'd dated for over two years.
Faced with all this, I was spending lots of time feeling sorry for myself.
That April, I was asked to interview and write about a woman who lived in a small town in Minnesota.
So during Easter vacation, Andrew, my thirteen-year-old, and I drove across two states to meet Jan Turner.
Andrew dozed most of the way during the long drive, but every once in a while I'd start a conversation.
Andrew fell asleep again before I could finish telling him what little I did know about what had happened to Jan.
As I drove across Minnesota, I began to wonder how the woman I was about to meet could cope with such devastating news that all four limbs had to be amputated. How did she learn to survive? Did she have live-in help?
When we arrived in Willmar, Minnesota, I called Jan from our hotel to tell her that I could come to her house and pick her and the boys up, so they could swim at our hotel while we talked.
"Sure, that'll be fine," I said haltingly, wondering what it would be like to eat in a public restaurant with a woman who had no arms or legs. And how on earth would she drive?
Ten minutes later, Jan pulled up in front of the hotel. She got out of the car, walked over to me with perfect posture on legs and feet that looked every bit as real as mine, and extended her right arm with its shiny hook on the end to shake my hand.
I grabbed her hook, pumped it a bit and smiled sheepishly. "Uh, yes, this is Andrew." I looked in the back seat of her car and smiled at the two boys who grinned back.
Cody, her younger son, was practically effervescent at the thought of going swimming in the hotel pool after dinner.
We arrived at the restaurant, went through the line, paid for our food, and ate and talked amidst the chattering of our three sons.
The only thing I had to do for Jan Turner that entire evening was unscrew the top on the ketchup bottle.
Later that night, as our three sons splashed in the pool, Jan and I sat on the side and she told me about life before her illness.
My conscience stung. I had to face it -- the woman next to me was better at single parenting than I ever thought about being.
Jan continued. "One Sunday in November of 1989, I was playing my trumpet at the front of my church when I suddenly felt weak, dizzy and nauseous.
Jan then explained that by the time she arrived at the hospital, she was comatose. Her blood pressure had dropped so much that her body was already shutting down.
She had pneumococcal pneumonia, the same bacterial infection that took the life of Muppets creator Jim Henson.
One of its disastrous side effects is an activation of the body's clotting system, which causes the blood vessels to plug up.
Because there was suddenly no blood flow to her hands or feet, she quickly developed gangrene in all four extremities.
Two weeks after being admitted to the hospital, Jan's arms had to be amputated at mid-forearm and her legs at mid-shin.
Just before the surgery, she said she cried out, "Oh God, no!"
"How can I live without arms and legs, feet or hands?"
"I'll never walk again. I'll never play the trumpet, guitar, piano or any of the instruments I teach!"
"And God's still small voice said, "Trust Me..."
Six weeks after the amputations, as her dangling limbs healed, a doctor talked to Jan about prosthetics. She said Jan could learn to walk, drive a car, go back to school, even go back to teaching.
Jan found that hard to believe so she picked up her Bible.
Jan thought about that -- about being a new and different person -- and she decided to give the prosthetics a try.
With a walker strapped onto her forearms near the elbow and a therapist on either side, she could only wobble on her new legs for two to three minutes before she collapsed in exhaustion and pain.
Take it slowly, Jan said to herself. Be a new person in all that you do and think, but take it one step at a time.
The next day she tried on the prosthetic arms, a crude system of cables, rubber bands and hooks operated by a harness across the shoulders.
By moving her shoulder muscles she was soon able to open and close the hooks to pick up and hold objects, and dress and feed herself.
Within a few months, Jan learned she could do almost everything she used to do -- only in a new and different way.
"Still, when I finally got to go home after four months of physical and occupational therapy, I was so nervous about what life would be like with my boys and me alone in the house.
As Jan and I continued to talk, Cody, who'd climbed out of the hotel pool, stood close to his mom with his arm around her shoulders.
Jan laughed like a woman who is blessed with tremendous happiness, contentment and unswerving faith in God.
Since our visit, Jan has completed a second college degree, this one in communications, and she is now an announcer for the local radio station.
She also studied theology and has been ordained as the children's pastor at her church, the Triumphant Life Church in Willmar.
After meeting Jan, I was a new and different person as well. I learned to praise God for everything in my life that makes me new and different.
Whether it's struggling through one more part-time job to keep my kids in college, learning to be a grandmother for the first time or having the courage to end a relationship with a wonderful friend who just wasn't the right one for me.
Jan may not have real flesh-and-blood arms, legs, hands or feet, but that woman has more heart and soul than anyone I've ever met before or since.
She taught me to grab on to every "new and different" thing that comes into my life with all the gusto I can muster... to live my life triumphantly.


AddWæs beboden ꝥ se tægel sceolde beón gehál ǽfre on þám nýtene æt þǽre offrunge for þǽre getácnunge ꝥ God wile ꝥ wé simle wel dón oþ ende úres lífes; þonne biþ se tægel geoffrod on úrum weorcum, Ælfc. Gen. Thw. 3, 39-42.
Toller, T. Northcote, and Joseph Bosworth. "tægl." An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary: Based on the Manuscript Collections of the Late Joseph Bosworth : Supplement. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1921. 72.
tægl es; m. A tail Oxan tægl biþ stiłł. weorð, L. In. 59; Th. i. 140, 3. Foxes tægles se ýtemesta dǽl, Lchdm. i. 340, 22. Se ðrowend slihþ mid ðam tægle tó deáðe, Homl. Th. i. 252, 5, 10, 12. Ða beón beraþ ǽtterne tægel, Frag. Kmbl. 37; Leás. 20, Hí habbaþ tæglas ðám wyrmum gelíce ðe men hátaþ þrowend, Wulfst. 200, 14.


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Tags Ashker v. Brown
Tag: Ashker v. Brown
Gov. Newsom made a cynical gamble on prisons during the pandemic...
Gavin Newsom seems more interested in protecting a future run for president than the health and safety of the state's most vulnerable populations, whether they be undocumented residents or prisoners in our state's sprawling gulag. Being "tough on crime" while preserving a generally liberal reputation is the cynical balancing act.
Liberate our elders! California Prison Focus demands Gov. Newsom protect peacemakers...
Support demands by CPF and the Prisoner Human Rights Movement that Gov. Newsom release all state prisoners who are medically fragile or over 60, starting with the authors of the Agreement to End Hostilities and followed by the remaining members of the Ashker Class Action Settlement.
The four California prisoner class representatives call for solidarity and change
Collectively, we are an empowered, mighty force that can positively change this entire corrupt system into a system that actually benefits prisoners and thereby the public as a whole.
Black August: The power of prisoner-led organizing
"Settle your quarrels, come together, understand the reality of our situation, understand that fascism is already here, that people are dying who could be saved, that generations more will die or live poor butchered half-lives if you fail to act. Do what must be done, discover your humanity and your love of Revolution. Pass on the torch. Join us, give your life for the people." – George Jackson
SHU-shifting update: Relief finally granted to California prisoners experiencing ongoing isolation
On July 3, a critical ruling issued in Ashker v. Brown (aka Ashker v. Governor, Docket No. 4:09-cv-09-5796 CW (N.D. Cal.)), the federal class-action lawsuit challenging indefinite solitary confinement in California. The ruling, issued by Presiding Judge Claudia Wilken, granted Plaintiffs' appeal on a motion challenging the ongoing conditions of extreme isolation endured by many class members.
'Solitary Man' play and panel at the Black Rep – pain,...
On April 21, I finally got to see Charlie Hinton's "Solitary Man" play at the Black Repertory Theater in Berkeley. It was so much more than a cultural experience. The play was gripping, emotional and real, with jazz trumpet sprinkled in. The panel powerfully reflected the layers of pain, survival and resistance in the prison movement. And the event, a benefit for the San Francisco Bay View, was a moving tribute to Mary and Willie Ratcliff's devotion to their invaluable newspaper.
Glenn Dyer Jail hunger strike: 'We have people that are only...
In mid-October, 125 prisoners at the Glenn Dyer Detention Facility in downtown Oakland – over 30 percent of the prisoners housed there – participated in a five-day hunger strike to protest what they say are abusive conditions of isolation and poor healthcare in Alameda County jails. On Oct. 17, over 30 supporters rallied outside of the Alameda County administrative building, where the county supervisors' offices are located, to draw attention to the striking prisoners.
Don't let CDCR reverse our hunger strike-won legal victory: Statement of...
The Oct. 14, 2015, victory was achieved through three hunger strikes and the non-violent legal and political action of thousands of California prisoners, their families, supporters and their attorneys. Now, however, we believe that CDCR is still engaged in constitutional violations that deny prisoners due process and seeks to put us back in the hole – for many, indeterminately under the guise of Administrative SHU.
Old Folsom prisoners hunger strike for their 8th Amendment right –...
"Administrative segregation" is prison bureaucratese for solitary confinement. On Thursday, prisoners in solitary at California's Old Folsom State Prison went on hunger strike for their Eighth Amendment right to be protected from cruel and unusual punishment. I spoke to Raquel Estrada, wife of Anthony Estrada, a prisoner writing for the strikers in the San Francisco Bay View newspaper, who elaborated on the conditions of her husband's confinement.
Bay View turns 40! Part 2
Now, as the San Francisco Bay View newspaper's 40th birthday year comes to a close, is the time to bring up to date the historical sketch of our paper that I began with Part 1 in the January paper. Piles of old papers rest on my desk, waiting to be read once again – a banquet of stories and pictures of our lives, our hopes, our goals. Let me let you taste the flavor of the freedom we continue to fight for in the age of Trump.
Advice for prisoners and their supporters regarding Board of Parole Hearings...
The California Board of Parole Hearings has established the Forensic Assessment Division, a staff of psychologists who conduct psychological evaluations of prisoners for Board hearings. This paper is provided to help California prisoners applying for parole understand the psychological evaluations conducted for the Board of Parole Hearings and to provide advice to them and their supporters on how to counter the psychological evaluation with letters and other materials submitted to the Board.
Free Speech Society emergency bulletin: We refuse to fall prey to...
It is no secret that CDCr's counterintelligence units have been plotting revenge on the class members of Ashker v. Brown to have us returned to indefinite solitary confinement. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that it wasn't a matter of coincidence, as we embark upon the first anniversary of Brotha Hugo "Yogi Bear" Pinell's assassination, that the media began leaking fraudulent reports to the public generated by IGI, ISU, OCS and the FBI about the BGF plotting to avenge the death of Hugo Pinell.
Jesse Perez prevails: Prison guards found liable for retaliatory abuse of...
In what amounts to an improbable plaintiff victory, a federal jury unanimously found several Pelican Bay State Prison guards liable for retaliating against a prisoner in solitary confinement for successfully exercising his first amendment right to file a prior lawsuit against other guards. In the case, I was the prisoner plaintiff alleging that the guard defendants conspired to retaliate and did retaliate against me.
Prison guards face jury in retaliatory abuse of solitary confinement case...
Jesse Perez, a young man buried alive in the Pelican Bay SHU, began advocating for a Prisoner Political Action Committee after the hunger strikes, when attention had turned to legislative action. Now he's suing his jailers for their retaliation, and the judge denied defendants' summary judgment motion. The trial began Nov. 9 and is expected to continue to Friday, Nov. 20. Pack the courtroom daily (except no court Thursday): Courtroom 4, 17th floor, Federal Building, 450 Golden Gate Ave., San Francisco.
Gracias for the anti-solitary class action settlement from a named plaintiff
Can you please give me a little space in Bayview, so that I can say gracias – thank you. I'm one of the named plaintiffs in our class action lawsuit, Ashker v. Brown, at Pelican Bay SHU. By now you have all heard that it was settled Sept. 1, 2015. I'm happy for all of us in the SHU. For now we must enjoy this ONE victory of many more to come. It's just the beginning.
Summary of settlement terms in anti-solitary confinement class action, Ashker v....
When Ashker v. Brown (Governor of California) was filed as a class action in 2012, California held thousands of prisoners in solitary confinement, in Security Housing Units (SHU). In September 2015, the case was settled, and far-reaching reforms were ordered. These reforms are expected to dramatically reduce the number of prisoners currently detained in the SHU and limit the way SHU confinement is used going forward.
California prisoners win historic gains with settlement against solitary confinement
Today, California prisoners locked in isolation achieved a groundbreaking legal victory in their ongoing struggle against the use of solitary confinement. A settlement was reached in the federal class action suit Ashker v. Brown, originally filed in 2012, effectively ending indefinite long-term solitary confinement and greatly limiting the prison administration's ability to use the practice, widely seen as a form of torture.
We can't breathe! Thoughts on our Agreement to End Hostilities
The Webster's New Universal Unabridged Dictionary defines the word "hostility" as 1) a hostile state, condition or attitude; enmity; antagonism; unfriendliness; 2) a hostile act; 3) Opposition or resistance to an idea, plan project, etc.; 4) acts of warfare; 5) war. So our initial question to the people is: "What does hostility mean to you?"
On the 23rd of every month, Californians demand, 'End solitary confinement!'...
On May 23, 2015, families and loved ones of people in solitary, community organizations and prisoner-class human rights advocates once again mobilized Statewide Coordinated Actions to End Solitary Confinement (SCATESC) throughout California and in Pennsylvania. Since the actions began on March 23, 2015, over 30 organizations – statewide, nationwide and worldwide – became co-sponsors, 45 endorsed, and the movement keeps growing.
The first monthly Statewide Coordinated Actions to End Solitary Confinement held...
Statewide Coordinated Actions to End Solitary Confinement (SCATESC) began March 23, 2015. Actions were held in California from San Diego to Arcata (Arcata-Eureka, Los Angeles, Oakland, San Diego, San Jose, Santa Cruz) and Philadelphia, Penn. Activists in more locations will be joining in on April 23 and the 23rd of each month. Below is a report from just one locality, Santa Cruz, which took a creative approach.


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Tallgrass Energy Announces Completion of Consent Solicitations for its Senior Notes due 2023, 2024 and 2028
LEAWOOD, Kan.–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Tallgrass Energy, LP (NYSE: TGE) ("TGE") announced today that its
subsidiaries, Tallgrass Energy Partners, LP and Tallgrass Energy Finance
Corp. (together, the "Issuers"), have completed the previously announced
solicitation of consents (the "Consent Solicitations") from holders (the
"Holders") of their outstanding 4.75% Senior Notes due 2023 ("2023
Notes"), their outstanding 5.50% Senior Notes due 2024 ("2024 Notes"),
and their outstanding 5.50% Senior Notes due 2028 ("2028 Notes",
together with the 2023 Notes and the 2024 Notes, the "Notes"). In
connection with the Consent Solicitations, the Issuers, the guarantors
party thereto and the trustee have entered into supplemental indentures
(the "Supplemental Indentures") to each of the indentures governing the
Notes (the "Indentures") to effect amendments (the "Amendments") to each
of the Indentures as described in the Consent Solicitation Statement,
dated as of February 21, 2019 (the "Consent Solicitation Statement").
The Consent Solicitations expired at 5:00 p.m. New York City time, on
February 27, 2019 (the "Expiration Date"). The Issuers received the
consent of Holders of at least a majority of the aggregate outstanding
principal amount of each applicable series of Notes (the "Requisite
Consents"), and such consents had not been validly revoked prior to the
time that each of the Supplemental Indentures had been executed (the
"Consent Time"). The Issuers will pay a consent fee (the "Consent Fee")
in an amount equal to $1.00 per $1,000 aggregate principal amount of the
Notes to The Depository Trust Company ("DTC") for the benefit of
eligible Holders of the Notes as of 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on
February 20, 2019 (the "Record Date") who delivered valid and unrevoked
consents to the Amendments on or prior to the Expiration Date, subject
to the terms and conditions set forth in the Consent Solicitation
Statement. The Issuers expect to pay or cause to be paid the Consent Fee
to DTC for the benefit of such Holders substantially concurrently with
the consummation of the acquisition, previously announced by TGE, by
Prairie Non-ECI Acquiror LP, Prairie ECI Acquiror LP, Prairie VCOC
Acquiror LP, and Prairie GP Acquiror LLC of (i) all of the membership
interests in Tallgrass Energy GP, LLC, the general partner of TGE, (ii)
approximately 44% of the outstanding limited partner interests in TGE,
and (iii) approximately 44% of the economic interests in Tallgrass
Equity, LLC (the "Acquisition"). No accrued interest will be paid in
respect of the Consent Fee.
The Supplemental Indentures executed in connection with the completion
of the Consent Solicitations became effective upon the execution and
delivery thereof, but the Amendments will cease to be operative if the
Acquisition is not consummated, or if the Issuers do not pay or cause to
be paid the applicable Consent Fee. All Holders of the Notes are bound
by the terms of the Supplemental Indentures, including those that did
not give their consent. However, Holders who did not deliver consents on
or prior to the Expiration Date (or who delivered consents but validly
revoked them prior to the Consent Time) will not receive the Consent Fee.
Citigroup Global Markets Inc. ("Citi") acted as the Solicitation Agent
for the Consent Solicitations. Global Bondholder Services Corporation
acted as the Information and Tabulation Agent for the Consent
Solicitations. Questions or requests for assistance related to the terms
of the Consent Solicitations or for additional copies of the Consent
Solicitation Statement and other related documents may be directed to
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others, toll free) or to Global Bondholder Services Corporation at (212)
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This announcement is not an offer to purchase, a solicitation of an
offer to purchase, or a solicitation of consents with respect to any
securities. The Consent Solicitations were made solely by the Consent
Solicitation Statement and were subject to the terms and conditions
stated therein.
About Tallgrass Energy
Tallgrass Energy, LP (NYSE: TGE) is a growth-oriented midstream energy
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storage, terminal, water, gathering and processing assets that serve
some of the nation's most prolific crude oil and natural gas basins.
To learn more, please visit our website at www.tallgrassenergy.com.
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experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions,
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which may cause actual results to differ materially from those implied
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Tallgrass Energy, LP
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The evidence is damning. And the silence underscores the arrogance.
More than seven weeks after a devastating report from the media watch group FAIR, top executives and prime-time anchors at MSNBC still refuse to discuss how the network's obsession with Russia has thrown minimal journalistic standards out the window.
Meanwhile, MSNBC's incessant "Russiagate" coverage has put the network at the media forefront of overheated hyperbole about the Kremlin. And continually piling up the dry tinder of hostility toward Russia boosts the odds of a cataclysmic blowup between the world's two nuclear superpowers.
In effect, the programming on MSNBC follows a thin blue party line, breathlessly conforming to Democratic leaders' refrains about Russia as a mortal threat to American democracy and freedom across the globe. But hey—MSNBC's ratings have climbed upward during its monochrome reporting, so why worry about whether coverage is neglecting dozens of other crucial stories? Or why worry if the anti-Russia drumbeat is worsening the risks of a global conflagration?
In the aftermath of the FAIR study, a petition gathered 22,784 signers and 4,474 individual comments—asking MSNBC to remedy its extreme imbalance of news coverage. But the network and its prime-time luminaries Maddow and Hayes refused to respond despite repeated requests for a reply.
As the cable news network most trusted by Democrats as a liberal beacon, MSNBC plays a special role in fueling rage among progressive-minded viewers toward Russia's "attack on our democracy" that is somehow deemed more sinister and newsworthy than corporate dominance of American politicians (including Democrats), racist voter suppression, gerrymandering and many other U.S. electoral defects all put together.
At the same time, the anti-Russia mania also services the engines of the current militaristic machinery.
It's what happens when nationalism and partisan zeal overcome something that could be called journalism.
Across a U.S. media landscape where depicting Russia as a fully villainous enemy is now routine, MSNBC is a standout. The most profound dangers from what Rachel Maddow and company are doing is what they least want to talk about—how the cumulative effects and momentum of their work are increasing the likelihood that tensions between Washington and Moscow will escalate into a horrendous military conflict.
Even at the height of the Cold War during the 1960s, when Soviet Communists ruled Russians with zero freedom of speech or press, most U.S. political and media elites recognized the vital need for détente. They applauded the "Spirit of Glassboro" when the top leadership of the United States and Russia met at length. Now, across most of the U.S. media spectrum, no such overtures to the Kremlin are to be tolerated.
The U.S. government's recently released "Nuclear Posture Review" underscores just how unhinged the situation has become.
But—with everyone's survival at stake—none of that seems to matter much to those who call the shots at MSNBC.
Norman Solomon is the coordinator of the online activist group RootsAction.org.


First Dance for the Bride & Groom - Wedding Party + Family too!
WeDo Wedding Dance Workshops !
Now that you have planned all the details for the perfect wedding, it is time to think about making your first dance together just as perfect. The following information are some common questions and answers that you should take into consideration when deciding on which dance program is best for you.
Are the lessons private or with a group?
You will experience the individual attention of private instruction. This is not a group class and you will not share your lesson with other couples.
Will we be in a private room?
YES. Private lessons will be scheduled in a private room.
Will we learn to dance to our wedding song?
Your dance will be choreographed specifically to your wedding song. The dance can be choreographed from beginning to end or any desired length from your favorite song and CD. Or, we can suggest a piece from our collection.
Each lesson is 55 minutes.
There are several different packages offered.
Will we be able to play our own music?
In a private room you have exclusive use of the music system and space. Enjoy!
Is Chorreography Design available for the First Dance?
Your instructor will work with you to design a First Dance experience that is chorreographed and developed around the skill of the Bride & Groom - they will be visually beautiful for your guests as well as the dancers.
You can feel confident that you are being taught by someone who is an experienced and specializing in teaching wedding couples.
Following are the various lesson packages offered. All lessons are 55 minutes in length. Multiple lesson packages are discounted and must be paid in advance on your first lesson. ALL PACKAGES INCLUDE A PRIVATE ROOM, MUSIC and INSTRUCTOR. Lessons are to be paid by CASH or CHECK.
When there isn't a lot of time or trying to coordinate schedules can be a hassle then this may be the package for you. I have had great success in getting couples to dance and feel comfortable enough to make that first dance something special with just three lessons.
When you can afford the time and squeeze into your schedule five lessons, this is the ideal package. Couples feel less rushed and not under so much pressure having five lessons to prepare. Even if you are dancing like "Fred & Ginger" within the first three lessons, this package allows for more practice time and sometimes a few basic steps in some other dances so that the first dance isn't the last dance you are dancing at your wedding.
If you are really unsure of your schedule and just want to get in one or two lessons to learn a couple of basic steps so you feel comfortable dancing, then you can buy each lesson one at a time.
WeDo Wedding Dance Privately !
CLICK to hear more about your Wedding Dance!


The modular design of the SQ-F24100 F24 Square Aluminum Truss allows portability and ease of set-up.
SQ-F24100 is a light duty truss that is excellent for applications that require small trusses for a decorative look.
Do not exceed the load capacity of the SQ-F24100. The SQ-F24100 should thoroughly be inspected before use. In the occurrence of any damage or defect, the SQ-F24100 should not be used. Truss assembly should be carried out by those who are familiar with the trussing. Do not attach truss with damaged or fewer coupler connectors than required. Make sure the coupler connectors are installed correctly and that the coupler pin and cotter pins are in place and secured.


I was never a huge fan of the discipline of fasting.
I battled an eating disorder for most of high school and college, so the idea of spiritualizing my self-punishment just never seemed that appealing to me. Or fair for that matter.
Even when the struggle with food started to subside, and I was a part of a community where the discipline of fasting was taught and practiced in a healthy way, I took the advice of the Natropathic doctor I was seeing at the time and focused on allowing myself to eat and enjoy food.
Not giving up all food all the time, but certain foods for a certain amount of time. It's not a discipline I would recommend to everyone, at every stage of life, but I'm beginning to see the value of it in my life.
Going without is a sacrifice I make, not as deprivation, but as a reminder of my desperation.
It's a reminder I'm human.
We're so good at managing our desperation. We don't spend much time wanting something before we go out and get it. When we want something like a new outfit, or a car, or good food, we go buy it. If we can't afford it, we put it on a credit card.
When we want something we can't have, like a husband, or a baby, or a new job or different circumstances, we pretend like we don't want it.
Very rarely do I allow myself to feel the whole weight of it, the whole pain of living without, of longing.
And the problem with pretending like we aren't desperate when we are is we lose a little piece of ourselves, of our humanity. At least I do.
I lose a small piece of myself when I pretend like I don't want things I want.
And I guess that's what fasting does for me. It reminds me that it's okay to want things, to be hungry. That I won't die. It shows me how frail I am, how much I need resources and people and things outside of myself to survive and thrive.
And fasting is different than starving myself.
Not as a punishment, but as a way to connect with the God who provides.
That's what fasting is for me.
Bring it to the feet of a God who cares.
Are you desperate for anything? What do you want (or love) that you can't have? To reply, click HERE.


Catch this popular Melbourne quartet on their last tour before calling an end to their successful band.
After five years of touring and one year after the release of their breakthrough album Other Voices, Other Rooms, Melbourne quartet The Getaway Plan have decided to call it quits.
The popular Melbourne outfit are calling it quits - catch them before they do.
The announcement comes after a successful 2008 for the band, which concluded with a national spot on the Big Day Out circuit, two hit singles, three nationally sold-out headline tours and a plethora of praise from media and fans alike.
For their last hurrah, The Getaway Plan will play a run of East Coast dates joined by close friends, The Amity Affliction and Elora Danan.


Mix feta cheese, cream cheese, garlic, and oil with electric mixer on medium speed until blended. Add olives and onions and mix well. Shape feta cheese mixture into a 10" log, wrap in plastic and chill in refrigerator while toasting walnuts. Toast walnuts in a large non-stick skillet on medium-high heat 5 minutes stirring constantly; cool. Remove feta log from refrigerator, roll in parsley and walnuts. Wrap in plastic, refrigerate.
To serve, remove plastic wrap and serve with assorted crackers.
For the holidays, consider adding ¼ cup well drained diced sun-dried tomatoes to the cheese mixture.


Black Painted Brick Wall Texture Wallpaper 3000x2000 Px Free is part of the Home Element collection. You can see the popular more images from this collection below. See the image detail section to get more info, including source and download link.


text:
« Dorushe 2008
THANK YOU!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! »
I like New York in June…
Published 10 April 2008	Academia , College , General , The Orthodox Faith 3 Comments
Tags: fellowship of ss. alban and sergius
I am registered and have booked a flight for the Fellowship of Ss. Alban & Sergius conference. Signed, sealed, delivered, money has exchanged hands. I will have my laptop with me, of course, so I will be there reporting on the events as a blogger, I will also be there as a prospective student, and I will also be there as someone with a genuine interest in the subject matter (euphemism for "wide-eyed tourist"). If you can be there, I think you should go too. If you can't be there, the tip jar still awaits its first contribution — I'd rattle it, but there's nothing in it to rattle.
Who else is going? I frankly have heard of nobody else who is. I guess I'm not totally surprised, since the Fellowship really is, for all intents and purposes, a group of people with the most specialized of special interests, but I would think that the roster of speakers would have at least generated a bit more attention. Maybe it's too soon for that. Well, regardless — I'm very much looking forward to the experience. (It is also, not terribly coincidentally, the only trip I'll really be able to take this summer.)
I'll note that since registering, I received an e-mail announcing that they would be making available the opportunity to students and seminarians to work at the conference in exchange for the registration fee, and would I be interested? I e-mailed back and said yes, but we'll see how all of that works out.
Moving on to different matters… I really appreciate what Alden Swan had to say regarding a post from Michael Spencer:
I think it's telling that the two most prolific evangelism programs in evangelicalism both approach their audience with questions that Jesus never used.
"Do you know that God loves you and has a wonderful plan for your life?"
"If you were to die tonight, and God were to asked you, why should I let you into my heaven, what would be your answer?"
[Spencer] points out that Jesus merely proclaimed the Kingdom of Heaven, which had very different connotations than our dangling Heaven on a stick (my terminology).
The comments on Spencer's post are themselves fascinating — give them a read. I'm also considering printing up a t-shirt that says, "The Orthodox Church: Refraining From Dangling Heaven On A Stick Since 33 A.D."
Okay, maybe not. But that's still a great phrase which I'd love to figure out how to use sometime.
Rod Dreher's "Conservatism is dead. Long live conservatism!" examines at the Tory Anarchist's "look at the future of the right," who says the following:
Orlet asks whether a movement with as much young talent as conservatism has can really be doomed. Of course it can. Young journalists are one thing, but there's no young Willmoore Kendall or young James Burnham or young Frank Meyer on the scene. No, I wouldn't expect a 20-year-old or a 30-year-old to have the gravity of any of those thinkers — but even looking at our 40-year-olds and 50-year-olds, I can't think of too many who are of much significance as theorists or academics. […]
Part of the problem on the theoretical side is that too many of the best young minds in conservatism have followed Buckley's example by shunning grad school and embracing journalism or the movement instead.
With that in mind, consider my liberal friend Emily Hindrichs' opinion:
I have long maintained that the nation in which I live will not have an academic as a president for one simple reason: people fear the educated. They fear the big words and the complex sentence structure and the literary references. Instead, they elevate the mediocre with descriptors such as "down to earth" and "plain-spoken."
Now take this incident into account. Mostly what I wish to focus on is a response in the comments:
Universities, especially humanities and social science departments, have long since ceased channeling received wisdom and have turned into liberal advocacy organizations. A good deal of what they do either subtly or overtly pushes liberal ideology. […]
One should hold one's head low and get a technically oriented degree at a university.
If we accept that premise that conservatives have largely ceded academia, the question then becomes, "Why?" (I accept this premise in part, by the way, but not entirely.) Does Emily's assertion and the comment about the Delaware problem answer the question satisfactorily? Is it that conservatives are anti-intellectual? (Perhaps.) Or afraid of their ideological purity being tainted? (Probably, at least in part.) Is it a utilitarian view of education? (Largely, I think.) Or maybe it's a marketing issue — getting back to Emily's point, they'd rather play in Peoria than compete on the academic front. It's a way of catering to the masses, which ensures their continued ability to eat with the classes.
What is the best way to synthesize this? I don't know. What I do know is that conservatism only has itself to blame for its intellectual bankruptcy if the only acceptable response is retreat. The alternative is not easy — that being, conservatives have to be superior in their scholarship and not hope that correct ideology will do their work for them — but it's what needs to be done.
Last year, a question came up in a class about Nestorius — what did he actually teach? I offered what I understood to be the basic summary of the Orthodox understanding, and the liberal skeptic in the class was able to quote Nestorius' writings chapter and verse, offering a snarky comment to the effect of, "You Orthodox types have cooked up a lot of your own issues with him."
By contrast, I heard a lecture the same year by a scholar who is Orthodox who teaches at an Ivy League school. This. Person. Knows. Her. Stuff. Top to bottom, in and out, she's got it cold. Somebody from here who falls under the category of a liberal debunker went up to her afterward and said, in a manner more or less suggesting a rivalry that was friendly and professional but a rivalry nonetheless, said, "There are major problems with your thesis." At that point it becomes about which bias informs the scholarship — and make no mistake, atheism is a bias, it is not a guarantee of objectivity by any means — but there was no denying that she was right on in terms of the sources, the languages, and everything else.
That's what we have to do. If conservatives aren't willing to put in the time and the work, they shouldn't be surprised when their lunch gets eaten by people who may be on Mars ideologically but have the facts and the sources straight.
3 Responses to "I like New York in June…"
1 Anna 10 April 2008 at 6:22 pm
Heck, I'd work at the conference in exchange for the registration fee… of course, I am neither a seminarian nor a student.
2 Fagan 3 May 2008 at 1:29 am
Hmm, that's interesting about the seminarian/student discount. I'm a student here at SVS, and they haven't mentioned anything to us about such things, and we are normally the main resource for cheap labor. Oh well!
3 Richard Barrett 3 May 2008 at 7:11 am
Hmmm. What I can say is that I contacted them initially to inquire about possibilities, it took them two weeks to write back, and it's only been in the last couple of days that I've been able to confirm that yes, they'll allow me to participate in this manner. Maybe it's something they're still organizing.
I want Biden to wear a tan suit at the inauguration with a jar of Dijon mustard on the podium 9 minutes ago


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