text:
HAMNET Emergency Communications
A division of the South African Radio League
SANLAM Cape Town Peace Trail 22 September 2018
Posted on September 30, 2018 by Dave Reece
Alister van Tonder, ZS1OK reports:
The 2018 Sanlam Peace Trail run took place on Saturday 22nd of September in support of the trail running taking place on the slopes of Lions Head and Signal Hill. This event forms part of the larger Cape Town Marathon, which took place on the following day, Sunday 23rd.
The Hamnet operators consisted of ZS1JMT Michael and Virginia holding the fort at The Glen in the vicinity of the Round House Restaurant in Camps Bay, and the team at Signal Hill consisting of John ZS1JNT and Ian ZS1OSK, and with Alister ZS1OK at the base. Matt ZS1MTF assisted by setting up a VHF/UHF cross-band repeater in a vehicle parked on the slopes of Table Mountain which provided a relay between The Glen and to the base located, located at the new Green Point Athletics Track, as well as to the Signal Hill team. While there was no directly line of sight between the cross-band repeater to the base – it was well within the lee of Signal Hill, the cross-band repeater worked very well. Matt set the VHF transmitter power to 20 watts which ensured that with the extra power a good signal was provided whereas the line of sight UHF link to The Glen was using 5 watts.
The base was operational by 05h30 with the comms being verified between the different locations by 06h00. The start of the race was delayed by more than 30 minutes due to race safety issues, but once it started the well planned operating procedures by the race organisers ensured things went smoothly.
There were a handful of minor runner injuries, but overall no major incidents. As with most competitive sports it was vital to verify runners were not taking short cuts or taking advantage, and matters of this nature took up some bandwidth.
The team of Michael ZS1MJT and Virginia were the first to stand down after the race sweep had progressed well beyond their location. The team Signal Hill is very busy as both the long and the short course runners pass through their check point. By the time the sweep passed the Noon Gun, they also stood down, since any injured runners would thereafter had to continue down the slopes rather than being taken back up to Signal Hill. Support was concluded when the based stood down at 13h30.
This was the second year we have used cellular APRS for the race sweeps. Last year we had some teething problems with the cellular APRS, but this year it worked really well and we had regular fixed interval position updates via aprs.fi for both race sweeps. There were only small areas that did not have cellular coverage.
Yes, radio based APRS has its place – the race sweeps find the mangoes APRS radios bulky and heavy – but having cellular based APRS provided good operational feedback. To provide effective VHF digipeater coverage for this event would be quite a daunting task, requiring many suitably located digipeaters.
Posted in Exercise, Western Cape
HAMNET Report 30 September 2018
Glynn Chamberlain, ZS6GLN, Regional Director HAMNET Gauteng South reports that, on Sunday the 23rd September, Hamnet Gauteng South kicked off their next season of events by assisting with the Route42 Mountain Bike Cycling Event organised by the Nigel Cycling Club.
Hamnet Gauteng South has proudly been assisting with this race for a number of years, and in total, 21 members helped on the day.
The morning started at 06h00 with the team arrival, setting up of the Hamnet Gauteng South Communications trailer, and a team briefing, before members started heading out to their pre-defined locations. Communications was facilitated with the erection of the units portable 70cm repeater near the "Webb Industries" high site where, coincidentally, the cyclists had to pass. Communications with all the members was perfect.
The race consisted of a completely new route from a venue, south east of Nigel. The route was through farmlands, forests, river beds and mountainous areas to name but a few. Feedback from the riders was that it was one of the best routes they have participated in, and they thoroughly enjoyed the race.
For the first time, the organisers asked if Hamnet Gauteng South could supply 2 riders on motorbikes to lead the 30km and 60km batches. Fortunately, we could accommodate the request, and were also able to supply the organisers with live position updates as both riders were carrying trackers. A further request was could the unit also provide a tail end vehicle for sweeping behind the last cyclists. This we were able to do, but with some apprehension, as the race was essentially a mountain bike race, and we were out of motorbike members. The plan was for one of the members to perform this duty initially in his vehicle as the first part of the race was through farmlands. Once one of the lead motorbikes had completed bringing in either of the 2 routes, that bike would then head off and meet the tail end vehicle and take over in the more difficult areas of the route. The plan worked out perfectly, with the bike meeting up with the last car about 20km into the race.
Overall, the race was a huge success not only for Hamnet Gauteng South, but also for the race organisers. Once again, the unit and members were able to practice and test their preparedness for real disaster events, which we hope will never come!
Thank you for the report Glynn, and well done, the team.
And now to Indonesia, where a sequence of earthquakes and a tsunami in the Indonesian areas of Donggala and Palu on 28th September have left hundreds of people dead and many more injured. Dani Halim, YB2TJV, as the new IARU R3 Disaster Communication Coordinator reports, Amateur Radio Operators in Indonesia immediately activated to respond to the disaster unfolding in Central Sulawesi Province.
Following the magnitude 7.7 earthquake at 17:02 Local Time (11:02 am UTC), electricity, cellular and all communication facilities in the area were cut off. Communications have been established from the Luwuk Disaster Management Agency located 700 km from the epicentre of the Earthquake with YD8MII (Net Control) and YC8OBM to get information, on landslides occurring in the area, and also that communications routes were blocked. Many photos and videos now circulating on social media, show the enormity of the earthquake.
The Indonesian National Society ORARI immediately established an Emergency Net on 7.110 MHz and also activated the Lapan-Orari IO-86 satellite as a back-up.
Communications have now been established with YB8NT and YB8PR in Palu, who are using mobile stations. Due to QRM on 7.110 MHz though, a second net has been set up on 7.065 MHz.
ORARI asks that they be given room to use 7.110 MHz and 7.065 MHz since this earthquake could be worse than the one in Lombok at the end of August. Please allow them a QRM-free space to complete their work.
Thanks to Greg G0DUB for this report from RAYNET-HF.net
Meanwhile, a little bit North-East, Tropical Cyclone Trami-18 has been approaching Japan from the South-West, with sustained wind-speeds of 200km/h, and today, the 30th, will have crossed over Okinawa, and be pummelling the Southern half of Japan with winds in the region of 185km/h. It is expected to run along the entire length of Japan, in a North-Easterly direction, clearing the top right corner of Japan by Monday night.
I'd like to draw the attention of the rapidly growing group of South African amateur satellite enthusiasts, to the interview aired in this week's edition of Ham Nation, available on You Tube, of AMSAT President Joe Spier, K6WAO, which was featured in September 26th's episode #369.
Well known Amateur Radio journalist Gordon West, WB6NOA interviewed Joe and discussed the latest news from AMSAT and ARISS.
Joe remarked, "The opportunity for this interview couldn't have come at a better time. With the launch of ARISS's Fundrazr drive to sustain Amateur Radio operations on the ISS and AMSAT's own development needs, this interview will help get the word out to segments of the Amateur Radio community that don't normally track the Amateur Radio satellite community.
"Ham Nation is promoted well throughout Amateur Radio social media so the potential audience is substantial. I hope everyone has a chance to watch the show and perhaps share it with your friends who might become interested in AMSAT and Amateur Radio in Space."
Thanks to The Southgate Amateur Radio News page for this insert.
Finally, on a more sobering note, if you'll pardon the pun, the World health Organisation issued a report on Friday, that noted that harmful use of alcohol leads to violence, road traffic crashes, injuries, mental health problems and diseases like cancer and stroke. A new report launched by WHO estimates that 3 million people die every year from harmful use of alcohol, and most of these are men. That is 6 people every minute of every day! Today contains 1440 minutes, so that means 8640 people today!
Worldwide, an estimated 2.3 billion people drink alcohol. Of these, around 237 million men and 46 million women suffer from alcohol-use disorders. By far the majority therefore drink alcohol harmlessly, but this is certainly a statistic to make one sit up and think. The writer earnestly asks you not to become one of these statistics.
This is Dave Reece ZS1DFR reporting for HAMNET in South Africa.
Posted in Bulletin, National
Conventional telecommunications are starting to return to normal in some communities affected by Hurricane Florence, but the now long-gone storm set up others for persistent and record-breaking flooding, primarily in eastern North Carolina and along several of the state's rivers. The storm, which made landfall near Wilmington, North Carolina, primarily affected the Carolinas, Georgia, and Virginia.
"Things are back to normal communication status, and demobilization is occurring for folks deployed," South Carolina Section Emergency Coordinator Billy Irwin, K9OH, said on September 19. At mid-week, the FCC reported that nearly all cellular service had been restored in South Carolina.
Over the weekend, ARES volunteers from several South Carolina counties had pitched in to support emergency communication in the face of power and telecommunication outages and heavy rainfall. ARES Richland County Emergency Coordinator Ronnie Livingston, W4RWL, said volunteers in his county staffed the county Emergency Operations Center (EOC) and Red Cross operators at the State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) kept in contact with field volunteers in Marion and Dillon counties, after conventional telecommunications failed there.
ARES District Emergency Coordinator EMEA Area 3 Earl Dean, W4ESD, said ARES deployed assets as well as personnel who coordinated with the appropriate agencies. Horry County ARES and ARRL South Carolina Section Public Information Officer (PIO) Gordon Mooneyhan, W4EGM, said radio amateurs set up and organized communication networks to assist local government and emergency agencies, as well as to handle health-and-welfare traffic for affected residents, to let their family members outside the affected area know they were all right.
In North Carolina, storm surges had caused flooding in many communities. Ham radio volunteers responded in counties along the coast, including Wilmington, Topsail Beach, Jacksonville, and Morehead City, staffing both EOCs and shelters. Farther inland, numerous ARES teams activated in the face of river flooding to address a combination of sheltering needs for local residents and evacuees. Communication throughout the state was supplemented by neighbourhood-based operators, who reported emergencies to county EOCs. The FCC reported on September 19 that nearly one-third of cell service was out in Columbus, Pender, and Onslow counties. The storm also took out several broadcast outlets in the state.
We are grateful to the ARRL letter published on Thursday for these reports.
SocialistWorker.org says that the storm that hammered the Carolinas has moved on, but the catastrophic effects, made much worse by man-made factors, are still being felt. And like the storms before Hurricane Florence, poor and working people will suffer the most.
As dramatic as the images of the hurricane making landfall on September 14 were, it is the misery and suffering for days, weeks and months to come that will be burned into the lives and memories of ordinary people here. As an activist friend beautifully wrote:
"Poverty has always been a flood and not a hurricane. It's always been a long, rolling disaster, with muddy gray water under an incongruent blue sky. It's always been a slow build of mould between generations of people making do with babies in faded milk crates floated on mattresses down city streets." Close quotations.
Florence struck the North Carolina coast with winds reaching 92 miles per hour (160km/h), then moved inland and south to South Carolina, then drifted north again toward Virginia and eventually West Virginia.
The storm brought destruction to every community in its path. As of the writing of this article, it had claimed 32 lives, including that of a 1-year-old who was swept away by floodwaters in Union County in North Carolina.
One preliminary estimate puts the damage caused by Florence at $18 billion. Nearly a million people lost power, and many are expected to remain without it for weeks.
The storm dropped torrential amounts of rain on the Carolinas as it moved inland, with some areas getting over two feet of rainfall (The record rainfall I picked up in another report was 39 inches in the two days – that's 990mm, nearly three times our annual rainfall in parts of Cape Town!) The resulting flooding will be an ongoing hazard for weeks to come.
And if that wasn't bad enough, the flooding triggered a series of ecological disasters with coal ash ponds, chemical factories, landfills and hog farm lagoons located on or near the two main rivers in Eastern North Carolina, the Cape Fear and Neuse Rivers.
We in South Africa can only give thanks that we are not commonly exposed to this kind of meteorological disaster!
K1CE Rick Palm reports in the ARES E-Letter this week:
"DC power management has become a sub-hobby for me: I have two 100 W solar panels on the roof of my shack, two 31 A/hr gel cell batteries, a heavy duty 60 A power supply, a VHF FM radio and an HF transceiver, all fed by wires terminated with Powerpole® connectors, and managed/connected by a high power (40 A) routing/battery charging device. I changed all of my connectors to the now-ubiquitous Powerpoles years ago and never looked back.
Two aspects of 12 V power management systems are often overlooked by amateurs, admittedly including myself: length and gauge of wires. Power is saved when runs are kept as short as possible, and of a high (lower number) gauge (AWG). The power supply wire should be heavy gauge (#10) and kept as short as possible. The same applies to the batteries, which should also have a fuse in the positive lead directly at the battery's positive terminal.
I spent a morning recently replacing all of my 12 V cables with shorter, larger gauge ones. I fused the positive battery terminal and had fun reorienting myself to installing the Powerpole connectors. There is a wealth of information available online.
One final note, and it's an important one: Be Careful! Any short in the battery wire, connector, or load can cause a fire and battery explosion. People almost never think of 12 V batteries as dangerous, but they are. Use the utmost of care when wiring your 12 V management system!
Thank you Rick for those words of advice.
On diametrically opposite sides of the globe, two huge tropical storms are exerting their might on the weather.
Tropical Cyclone MANGKHUT-18, by far the bigger storm, is moving more or less due West across the Philippines, and threatening, China, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and Vietnam, with maximum wind-speeds expected to be in the 280km/h range. The estimated population affected by winds in excess of 120km/h is nearly 7 million.
The northern tip of the Philippines have already been battered, and, as I write this on Saturday afternoon, the eye of the storm is East-Northeast of the tip of the Philippines, and bearing down on the coast of China, just South of Hong Kong. Its projected path will take it Westwards along the border of China and Vietnam, just North of Hanoi.
There are an awful lot of people living in those areas, in dwellings not very cyclone-proof, houses which have probably been destroyed and rebuilt many times by previous cyclones, and the population of 7 million threatened are therefore very vulnerable. We'll keep watching the news dispatches for further detail.
On the other side of the globe, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) already had advanced plans and deployments in place for Hurricane FLORENCE, a Category 4 storm, approaching the Carolina States of the USA in a North-Easterly direction. By Monday just gone, FEMA had already positioned more than 80,000 litres of water, 402,000 meals, 1,200 cots and 34 generators at Fort Bragg near Fayetteville, North Carolina.
The projected path of Florence had it crossing the coast of North Carolina on Friday morning at about 7am our time. Wind-speeds of about 250km/h were expected as it crossed the coast.
The ARRL reported that it shipped seven Ham Aid kits to South Carolina by way of Georgia on September 11, to assist with emergency preparedness needs in advance of Hurricane Florence. These kits are the same ones that ARRL volunteers took to Puerto Rico a year ago to assist with disaster communications following Hurricane Maria.
"South Carolina ARES is fully activated," ARRL South Carolina Section Emergency Coordinator Billy Irwin, K9OH, told ARRL, adding that he's been coordinating regularly with the state Emergency Management Division. "We have operators serving 12-hour shifts at the SC Emergency Management Division and will move to 24-hour coverage on Thursday. Two operators have been deployed to Berkeley County to assist with shelter operations at the request of the Emergency Coordinator there." Irwin said information about frequencies in use is in the Tactical Guide on the South Carolina ARES website.
"We are literally modifying plans on the fly to meet the needs of the mission," Irwin added. "Several ARRL Sections have offered assistance."
The Hurricane Watch Net (HWN), at Alert Level 3, was closely monitoring three systems, Hurricane Florence, Tropical Storm Isaac, and Invest 95L, currently in the Gulf of Mexico. The net shifted its formal activation to Thursday, September 13, at 1300 UTC, as Florence closed in on the US east coast. The net activated on both its 14.325 MHz and 7.268 MHz frequencies and remained active around the clock, as needed. "Hurricane Florence is drawing a lot of concern for its size and strength, but more so for the potential flooding," Assistant HWN Manager Stan Broadway, N8BHL, said.
HWN stations will be on both frequencies throughout the day and evening on Wednesday, September 12, to talk with stations in the coastal states. "We want to log their locations, their weather instrumentation and other pertinent information, so that when they are actively producing storm reports we already have them in the database," Broadway said. "This will speed the reporting process Thursday and Friday as the storm does make landfall."
WX4NHC at the National Hurricane Centre remained active through Friday, September 14, operating cooperatively with the HWN as net stations funnelled ground-level reports to the Centre. WX4NHC will monitor the HWN and the VoIP Hurricane Net (VoIPWX).
The Salvation Army Team Emergency Network (SATERN) announced plans to activate for Hurricane Florence from 1700 through 2100 UTC on Thursday, September 13, and to reactivate on Friday and Saturday at about 1600 UTC until propagation no longer supported it, or the Net Manager closed the net for the day.
And as I compiled this yesterday afternoon, ARRL News reported that the Hurricane Watch Net (HWN) announced that it shut down its activation for Hurricane Florence, now downgraded to a Tropical Storm but still "a formidable system that will affect the coastal states for days," HWN Assistant Manager Stan Broadway, N8BHL, said. "Because the storm is moving inland, Amateur Radio activity will shift to the various state and regional emergency nets," Broadway added.
"While propagation was not good on 20 meters for the period, 40 meters afforded a fairly consistent contact with stations in the area," Broadway recounted. "The net has been in operation for 38 hours."
Over the course of its activation, listening for reports and relaying them to the National Hurricane Centre (NHC) via WX4NHC, nearly 200 stations checked in, and the net took in approximately twice that number of reports.
"Many were not at severe levels, but all 'ground truth' [reports] assist in plotting the activity of the storm," Broadway explained. WX4NHC will remain active through Friday.
As of 0000 UTC on September 15, the centre of Florence had moved into extreme eastern South Carolina, the National Hurricane Centre reported. "Life-threatening storm surges and strong winds will continue tonight," the report said, "[with] catastrophic freshwater flooding expected over portions of North and South Carolina."
The storm was some 15 miles north-northeast of Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, and about 55 miles east-southeast of Florence, South Carolina, with maximum sustained winds of 70 MPH. Florence was moving to the west at a leisurely 3 MPH.
And, if you want a live feed from the Carolina Beach, Wilmington area, visit https://www.facebook.com/derekvandamfanpage/videos/ to see daily reports from Derek van Dam.
HAMNET Report 9 September 2018
Posted on September 9, 2018 by Dave Reece
Seeing that we are now at the start of Spring, I thought to present a bulletin that relates to time and its consequences. Let's start with time on the Sun.
The Royal Observatory of Belgium's Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence (STCE) has asserted that the reverse-polarity sunspot group 2720 observed in late August belongs to the current solar cycle — cycle 24 — and does not represent the start of cycle 25 [as initially thought].
"Because of its reversed polarity, some websites claimed sunspot group 2720 was possibly one of the first groups of new Solar Cycle 25," the Centre said. "This is simply not true, in view of its very low 8° latitude. The next Solar Cycle 25 sunspot group should have both reversed magnetic polarity and much higher heliographic latitude, typically 20° to 40° from the equator. Only two tiny, short-lived numbered sunspot groups are currently assigned to new Solar Cycle 25, sunspot group 2620 in December 2016 and 2694 in January 2018."
STCE said that while both of those small sunspots have been assigned to cycle 25, some uncertainty exists as to just which sunspot cycle they actually belong to. STCE said some additional sunspot groups that belong to cycle 25 were so tiny and short-lived that they were not assigned a sunspot number. "During each solar cycle, about 3% of all active regions have reversed polarity but do not belong to the previous or next solar cycle," the Centre said. "With 2,000 to 3,000 sunspot groups per solar cycle, this means that every solar cycle has a few dozen reverse-polarity sunspots that belong to the ongoing sunspot cycle despite their reverse polarity."
After examining magnetograms of the sun's surface, well-known Amateur Radio solar observer and propagation authority Carl Luetzelschwab, K9LA, agreed that AR2720 is reversed in polarity from other sunspots in the northern solar hemisphere. What confuses the issue, he said, is its low latitude, as a cycle 25 sunspot area should be at a much higher latitude.
The same weekend of sunspot group 2720, a radio blackout lasting about a day took place, affecting the HF amateur bands as well as GPS systems. Solar watcher Dr Tamitha Skov, in her YouTube report, called the G3-level geomagnetic storm "one of the top five storms of the solar cycle."
Thanks to the ARRL Letter for that insert.
Now time on the air you can set your watch to.
VOANews.com reported on September the 2nd that President Donald Trump's administration wants to shut down U.S. government radio stations that announce official time, a service in operation since World War II.
WWV and WWVB in the state of Colorado and WWVH on the island of Kauai in the mid-Pacific state of Hawaii, send out signals that allow millions of clocks and watches to be set either manually or automatically.
WWVB continuously broadcasts digital time codes, using very long electromagnetic waves at a frequency of 60 kilohertz, which are automatically received by timekeeping devices in North America, keeping them accurate to a fraction of a second.
"If you shut down these stations, you turn off all those clocks," said Don Sullivan, who managed the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) stations between 1994 and 2005.
Some argue the terrestrial time signals have been rendered obsolete by the government's Global Positioning System, whose satellites also transmit time signals, but users disagree, noting GPS devices must have an unobstructed view of a number of satellites in space to properly function.
"Sixty kilohertz permeates in a way GPS can't," Sullivan told VOA, explaining that WWVB's very low frequency signal can be received inside buildings and it is an important backup to GPS in case adversaries attempt to interfere with the satellite radio-navigation system.
WWV and WWVH broadcast on a number of shortwave frequencies, meaning their signals can be received globally.
WWV, the oldest continuously operating radio station in the United States, first went on the air from Washington in 1919, conducting propagation experiments and playing music. In the early years, it also transmitted — via Morse code — news reports prepared by the Agriculture Department.
The station subsequently was moved to Maryland and then to Colorado in 1966. WWV has been a frequency standard since 1922 and has disseminated official U.S. time since 1944.
All of the NIST stations rely on extremely precise atomic clocks for the accuracy of their time signals.
One second is defined as the period of the transition between two energy levels of the ground state of the Cesium-133 atom, making Cesium oscillators the primary standard for time and frequency measurements.
WWV, at two minutes past every hour, also transmits a 440 hertz note (A above middle C on a piano), something it has done since 1936, allowing musicians to tune their pianos and other instruments.
All three stations retain a huge following worldwide, according to Sullivan.
Tom Kelly, an amateur radio operator in the state of Oregon, has launched a petition to try to save the stations. Kelly's petition calls the stations "an instrumental part in the telecommunications field, ranging from broadcasting to scientific research and education," noting their transmissions of marine storm warnings, GPS satellite health reports and specific information about solar activity and radio propagation conditions.
Britain, China, Germany, Japan and Russia also have very low frequency time transmissions, but their stations are too distant to automatically set clocks in the United States.
Thanks to the Voice of America for this report.
Then, time in Europe.
Southgate Amateur Radio News says that BBC News reports the EU Commission is proposing to end the practice of adjusting clocks by an hour in spring and autumn after a survey found most Europeans opposed it.
Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker said millions "believe that in future, summer time should be year-round, and that's what will happen".
The Commission's proposal requires support from the 28 national governments and MEPs to become law.
In the EU clocks switch between winter and summer under daylight saving time.
A European Parliament resolution says it is "crucial to maintain a unified EU time regime".
However, the Commission has not yet drafted details of that proposed change.
And now it's Time in South Africa to return you to the Amateur Radio Today Studio!
On Wednesday 29th of August the City of Cape Town's Disaster Risk Management department held an exercise with the Koeberg Nuclear Power Station to test their disaster processes under the watchful eyes of inspectors of the National Nuclear Regulator. HAMNET participated with the exercise and were ready to provide emergency communication backup should any of the other existing services have failed (or be simulated to fail).
In matters of this scale there are multiple layers of redundancy to ensure that, even should multiple simultaneous faults occur for whatever reason, the situation would never put the general public at risk.
In preparation for the exercise, a mobile VHF/UHF cross-band repeater was installed at a high site known to provide suitable coverage to areas where other existing systems were struggling with coverage, and where coverage would be required.
Three HAMNET members participated with this exercise – Dean ZS1KP, Hendrik ZS1EEE and Alister ZS1OK. After setting up the HAMNET communications room at Goodwood for the specific requirements necessitated for this exercise, we were able to follow the development of the exercise from the spill-over JOC – which had CCTV coverage of the active Disaster Management Operations Centre – where the exercise was playing itself out.
As could be expected there were a couple of curved balls thrown at the emergency management committee, but these were all dealt with very well and in due process and time.
In the end, due to the specifics of this exercise, the HAMNET members earmarked to be mobile operators in support of the exercise were not deployed, but it was a good training ground to follow the process as it unfolded from the spill-over JOC.
After the exercise was concluded, the mobile cross-band repeater was retrieved, and in preparation for future events, the radio coverage in some areas, and this experience, is to be included in future operating procedures.
Thank you to Alister ZS1OK, for providing these notes of the exercise.
KCCI News at Noon on August the 29th stated that the hurricane that struck Puerto Rico in 2017 is now the United States' deadliest natural disaster in the last century. A new study suggests nearly 3,000 people died after Hurricane Maria struck Puerto Rico. The government initially reported the death toll at 64.
While volunteering on the island with the American Red Cross, Juan Trujillo helped an amateur radio group re-establish communication among hospitals. Through their HAM radios, Trujillo said volunteers were able to determine which patients needed immediate help and could help facilitate trips to San Juan by ambulance or helicopter.
"They were critical, but they were still alive in the facility they were brought into," he said. "After that, we did not know. I did not know if they were going to make it or not. We did not (ever) have that information."
Trujillo said he trusts the increased reported death toll because of the destruction he saw in Puerto Rico.
"We knew the activity was real," he said. "We knew the emergency was really a true emergency for everyone."
Trujillo said that, despite the harrowing moments, he would volunteer again in a heartbeat. "A little bit of help was provided by my doing," he said. "So yes, I would do it anytime."
Puerto Rico's governor commissioned an independent review of how the island responded to the hurricane. Trujillo said he hopes the review helps the island prepare for natural disasters in the future.
Southgate Amateur Radio News has reported that the National Telecommunications Commission of Honduras (abbreviated CONATEL in Spanish), delivered radio communications equipment to COPECO on August 22, 2018, that had been donated by ITU for emergency communications.
Honduras is part of a pilot project of ITU that includes Central America and the Caribbean, aiming to achieve full implementation in South America.
Miguel Alcaine, ITU Area D Representative, said: "The most important thing is that CONATEL, COPECO and the radio amateurs start working with the WinLink tool. I am very happy to know that we are doing something before disaster strikes".
Lisandro Rosales, National Commissioned Minister of COPECO, stated that "one of COPECO's objectives has been the strengthening of information and communication technologies (ICTs), and, thanks to them, the institution has one of the most powerful communications networks of the region, with coverage of 95% of the national territory".
Minister Rosales also said that "We have realized that telecommunications is a key element in order to give early warnings and to warn about imminent danger, or to coordinate assistance or reconstruction activities".
The cooperation agreement also includes a training process. To this effect, COPECO technicians, along with professionals of the 911 National Emergency System and CONATEL personnel, initiated a series of workshops, with the support of Honduran radio amateurs.
Omar Paredes, HR1OP, secretary of Club de Radio Aficionados Central de Honduras (CRACH), commented: "This program and radio equipment will allow first responders that work during emergencies to send information through radio waves in high-frequency (HF) bands, when telephone and digital communications collapse or if there are power outages".
Now, in news from the ARRL, a team of moonbounce enthusiasts expect to activate the 32-meter dish antenna GHY-6 at Goonhilly, on the Lizard Peninsula in Cornwall (IO70jb) in the UK, on September 1 – 2, operating as GB6GHY. The group, including G8GTZ, G8GKQ, and G4NNS, will be on the HB9Q logger while operational, which should be between 0800 and 1200 UTC, but "earlier if possible," they've said.
GB6GHY will concentrate on 3.4 GHz on September 1 and 5.7 GHz on September 2, with the ability to switch bands immediately.
"Anyone with a relatively small dish (3-meter or less) should be able to work us," their announcement said. The European Space Agency is undertaking a project to upgrade Goonhilly Earth Station to track missions to the Moon and Mars. The work will see the GHY-6 antenna — which carried the 1985 Live Aid concert around the world — upgraded over the span of 2 years.
Gauteng South
Gauteng North
HAMNET Report 12th January 2020
HAMNET Report 5th January 2020
HAMNET Report 29th December 2019
HAMNET Report 22nd December 2019


The sun shone brightly over Wright Robinson college in Manchester on Saturday 25th July as 34 teams gathered to play in the 'This Girl Can' Netball festival organised in conjunction with Key103 (a local radio station) and North West Netball's NDCC's.
Teams were seeded and grouped according to ability so everyone could play against teams of the same standard.
There were 4 groups, and each group played a round robin. With the teams that came second winning a medal and those who came first we presented with a medal and trophy.
Group 4: Wilmslow Girls Can!
Congratulations to the winners, and Well done to all the teams who participated!
A massive thank you all the volunteers and umpires! who were all fantastic and made the day run as smoothly as possible and to Key 103 and 'Manchester Girls Can'.
Off court, during the festival, there was also a raffle, Fire engine, Zumba, Smoothie bike, and Tennis to keep teams and the spectators entertained whilst not on court.


The opening ceremony of overseas technical training in November 2018 was successfully held in Jack on November 12, 2018. There were 17 technicians attended this ceremony, who from Indonesia, Thailand, Ecuador, Poland, Vietnam and Mexico. At the opening ceremony, the director of service department and the sales director of the Africa region made a speech respectively, and also warmly welcome the technicians to Jack.
After the opening ceremony, the technicians had a tour in Jiaojiang and Linhai factories. The technicians showed great interest in the exhibition hall machines, and actively asked questions from the lecturers. At Linhai Special Machine Workshop, the technicians were fortunate enough to see the assembly of some of the latest models, and have a strong interest in these.
On November 13th, the technical training course for overseas technicians was officially started. The electronic control and mechanical training were carried out in an orderly manner under the guidance of two teachers. The electronic control training students are composed of technicians from India, Thailand and Ecuador. Most of the trainees are beginners and not really know much about electronic control. Despite this, they always ask questions in the classroom, keep up with the progress, and form a good training atmosphere for active questioning.
The mechanical training students are composed of technicians from India, Poland, Vietnam and Mexico. The theory and practice are closely combined in the classroom, and the teacher also carefully explained when somebody face difficulties. Skilled overseas technicians also actively share their skills and communicate with national technicians in easy-to-understand body language. Everyone was deeply immersed in the atmosphere of learning.
In order to experience Chinese traditional culture and Taizhou culture, overseas technicians also visited the historical and cultural attractions such as Dabei Temple, East Lake, Jiangnan Ancient Great Wall after the training.
After nearly a month of training, the electronic control training class carry out final exam on November 30th. Kriwanto, who came from Indonesia, got NO.1 in this final exam with excellent technical skills and a tireless learning attitude. As the only female student of this training, Salomé from Ecuador, got NO.3 at the ranking. At the closing ceremony,all of students all sincerely shared their learning experiences with each other. This training was successfully concluded with warm applause.
Then, the mechanical training class was completed on December 5th in the Linhai Special Machine Study Room.
At the examination of mechanical training class was completed on December 5th, Afa won the first place, who came from Vietnam, with excellent skills and years of experience in machine repair. William from Indonesia and Christian from Poland won the second and third respectively.
In order to improve the quality of Jack's service and strengthen the overseas technical support of Jack, we work hand-in-hand with the dealers at home and abroad to improve the hard power of the technicians by training. Jack's service will get better and better.


text:
Supreme Court Sacks Ravens' Appeal
00-1744. Baltimore Ravens Inc. v. Self-Insuring Emp. Evaluation Bd.
Franklin App. Nos. 99AP-1262 and 99AP-1263. Judgment reversed and cause remanded.
Moyer, C.J., Douglas, Resnick, F.E. Sweeney, Pfeifer and Lundberg Stratton, JJ., concur.
Cook, J., dissents.
Opinion: http://www.supremecourt.ohio.gov/rod/newpdf/0/2002/2002-ohio-1362.pdf
Please note: Opinion summaries are prepared by the Office of Public Information for the general public and news media. Opinion summaries are not prepared for every opinion released by the Court, but only for those cases considered noteworthy or of great public interest. Opinion summaries are not to be considered as official headnotes or syllabi of Court opinions. The full text of this and other Court opinions from 1992 to the present are available online from the Reporter of Decisions. In the Full Text search box, enter the eight-digit case number at the top of this summary and click "Submit."
(March 27, 2002) The Supreme Court voted 6-1 that the Baltimore Ravens must pay a $50,000 fine lodged against it more than three years ago by an Ohio workers' compensation review board.
The decision arose from complaints over unpaid claims filed by five men who played for the team when it was headquartered in Ohio as the Cleveland Browns.
Justice Alice Robie Resnick wrote the court's opinion, which finds that the Franklin County Common Pleas Court should have dismissed the team's appeal of the review board's order. The trial court was without jurisdiction to hear the matter, the justices said.
Because the team maintained its own funds for workers' compensation claims rather than contributing money to the state workers' compensation fund, it was categorized as a self-insurer. Consequently, the dispute was referred to the Self-Insuring Employers Evaluation Board.
The board found that the Ravens "consistently refused to pay workers' compensation awards, acting in a manner inconsistent with its legal obligations" and imposed a $10,000 fine for each complaint. The Ravens appealed the decision to the common pleas court, which sent the case back to the board for a hearing.
The board appealed to the Supreme Court, asserting that the Ravens were not permitted to appeal the board's decision. The board argued that it is not an agency for the purposes of the Ohio statute that provides "any party adversely affected by any order of agency" with an appeal to the common pleas court of Franklin County.
The Supreme Court agreed. "Disciplinary orders issued by the Self-Insuring Employers Evaluation Board…are not subject to judicial review," Justice Resnick wrote.
The court rejected arguments that the board is an agency distinct from the Bureau of Workers' Compensation. "Rather than being a separate and independent agency…the board is inextricably entangled with and dependent upon the bureau."
"The board is not self-sustaining or self-governing. It is not charged with administering or implementing any legislation, does not have its own staff or agenda, and does not promulgate nay rules or regulations. The board is devoid of power to execute or enforce its own recommendations and cannot autonomously impose a penalty, revoke or refuse to renew a self-insurer's status, or otherwise take disciplinary action against a self-insuring employer. Only the [bureau] administrator has the statutory authority to take such action," Justice Resnick wrote.
Justice Deborah L. Cook dissented, writing that the statutory scheme "evinces legislative intent to establish the board as a separate agency from the bureau."
Irwin J. Dinn, for the Baltimore Ravens.
Betty D. Montgomery and William J. McDonald, 614.4666.6696, for the Self-insuring Employers Evaluation Board.
Neil Cornrich, for Ricky Bolden, Paul Ferren, Mark Harper, Lee Jones and Stacey Hairston.
Posted by NC Sports on Wednesday, August 25, 2010
Labels: neil cornrich, Neil Cornrich in the News
Top 25 Buckeyes of the Decade: #1 Troy Smith
MORTGAGE BROKER: Todd Grantham keeps his business ...
Turning sleepless nights into happy days
Aaron Kampman is more than a rush-man
Kicker Steve Hauschka impresses Lions
Marshal Yanda "as good of a right guard as there i...
Randy Shannon has Miami on the right track
Top 25 Buckeyes of the Decade: #5 Ted Ginn Jr.
Kosar Starts Second Half
Cleveland Browns Kicker Phil Dawson Does What He D...
Dave Zastudil, one of NFL's best punters and fundr...
Sports Illustrated discusses painkiller abuse in t...
Iowa Football: No Coaching Carousel Exists in Hawk...
Kampman embraces Jaguars
Dawson crushes field goal
Stoops getting it done in the classroom, too
Tauscher Grins Through Grind
Clear Commitment
OSU players to get educated on agents

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Nanuk New World Fund is a responsible, sustainably themed, ESG and ethically aware fund which allows investors to access to a well-diversified portfolio of listed global companies whose business activities and practices benefit from, or contribute to, greater global environmental sustainability and resource efficiency. The Fund seeks to provide investment returns which exceed the Fund's benchmark and outperform traditional / mainstream global equity benchmarks over the long term. The Fund provides clear non-financial outcomes through ethical and ESG related exclusions, and through the higher than average contribution of investee companies to the delivery of basic needs for global sustainable development. Positive (inclusionary) and negative (exclusionary) screening and ESG integration is utilized within a conventional, valuation based, active, fundamental investing approach.
Responsible & Sustainable Investing. The Nanuk New World Fund employs a "core" sustainable investment strategy which seeks to achieve a combination of financial and non-financial outcomes - specifically, by providing sound risk-adjusted financial returns which are aligned with Nanuk's responsible, social and ethical values. The Fund utilises positive (inclusionary) screening, negative (exclusionary) screening, integrates ESG factors into the decision-making process and is aligned with the "basic needs" that underpin the UN's Sustainable Development Goals.
Fund Objective. The long-term objective of the Fund is to outperform traditional global equity performance benchmarks such as the MSCI All Countries World Index. The Fund's formal benchmark is the FTSE-Russell Environmental Opportunities All Share Index.
Positive Screening. Positive (inclusionary) screening associated with Environmental (E) factors is intrinsic to the firm's investment approach. To be included in Nanuk's investable universe and portfolios, companies must derive at least 25% of their value from activities within these eight sectors, ensuring that a material proportion of each investee company's activities are contributing in a clear way to improving global environmental sustainability and resource efficiency. Nanuk's proprietary investment universe is defined around eight broad sectors: 1) Clean Energy, 2) Energy Efficiency, 3) Industrial Efficiency, 4) Waste & Pollution, 5) Food & Agriculture, 6) Advanced & Sustainable Materials, 7) Water and 8) Healthcare Technology.
Adult Entertainment, Alcohol, Correctional Facilities, Gambling, Gross Corruption, Tobacco, Serious Violations of Human Rights & Ethical Norms.
Aligned with its intention to assist in the global transition to greater environmental sustainability and resource efficiency, Nanuk's exclusions framework is constructed in a pragmatic manner and will permit investment in the following circumstances: a) where a company is making a positive contribution to improving global sustainability and resource efficiency yet may have indirect involvement in contentious areas, and b) where a company's involvement in, or transition towards, sustainable technologies and practices outweighs limited involvement in contentious areas and/or activities. Nanuk does not invest in companies having a material proportion of their primary business activities in contentious areas specified in the table above and which are not involved in the transition to environmental sustainability and resource efficiency. The specific exclusion definitions and thresholds are outlined below.


Dana Whiteside presenting David Hoose with his proclamation from the mayor on "David Hoose Day"
John Harbison conducts Cantata BWV 1 in Sanders Theater, Harvard University.
David Hoose and David Rockefeller, Jr.
Jane Cryden, D'Anna Fortunato, Karl Dan Sorensen, Mark Baker. Early soloists with Cantata Singers.


text:
Animal Crossing: New Leaf Review
System: 3DS
Dev: Nintendo
Pub: Nintendo
Release: June 9, 2013
Screen Resolution: N/A Comic Mischief
Life's Better In The Slow Lane
by Becky Cunningham
Animal Crossing is one of those rare game series that is beloved by a truly diverse group of people. Just check out the GameStop reservation line on release day—grannies, snot-nosed kids, and tattooed punks alike have found something to love in this most laid-back of life simulators. Still, even die-hard fans have admitted that after its first three entries, the series was getting a bit stale. Animal Crossing: New Leaf, the fourth entry in the series, has promised to shake things up by allowing the player to be the mayor of their town full of cute fuzzy and feathery villagers. Is that enough to re-ignite interest in the series?
It was certainly enough in Japan, where the game dominated the sales charts for months after its release. Now that it's coming to North America, we've had the chance to see what all the fuss is about. With New Leaf, Nintendo has created the best Animal Crossing game yet, keeping the familiar elements that fans love while adding a ton of new gameplay elements and clever tweaks that make the experience feel fresh.
Animal Crossing is, at its heart, a free-form life simulation in which the player builds a home and lives in a village full of talking anthropomorphic animals. Major activities in the village involve collecting furniture and other kinds of interior decor in order to customize the home, catching and collecting bugs and fish, filling up the exhibits in the local museum, befriending animals, meeting up with friends to trade items and chill in each others' towns, etc. Days in the game operate in real time, with the village changing from hour to hour. It's a relaxing, slow-moving game that is meant to be played for a short amount of time each day.
The life simulation aspects of Animal Crossing have been freshened up in New Leaf with the addition of many new items to collect. Along with new furniture sets and even more bugs/fish/fossils to find, the player can now wear custom pants, socks, shoes, a greater variety of hats, and other accessories. Even returning furniture models can be updated when the player unlocks a villager who customizes furniture, allowing the player to change the color and pattern of various pieces. Most importantly, the player is now the mayor of the town, and can build a wide variety of public works projects with both visual and practical uses.
In previous Animal Crossing games, the player's biggest investment was in his or her own house, with house improvements costing hundreds of thousands of "bells," the game's currency. That aspect remains, along with the ability to customize the house's exterior via Tom Nook's new housing shop. As the mayor, however, the player also has the ability to add decorations, new shops, and other amenities to the town, placing them wherever they're desired. All these things come with a price, and though the locals will chip in a bit, the player will be doing the lion's share of the public works funding. This means that no two towns will look alike, and it also means that there are far more objectives to work toward. Even Animal Crossing vets will be hard-pressed to amass a giant fortune in bells with the number of ways the game provides to spend money.
Perhaps the biggest new gameplay element added to New Leaf can be found on the tropical island resort, which the player gains access to fairly early on. The resort not only features the opportunity to catch rare bugs and fish for sharks, but also plays host to an impressive variety of "tours," which are actually mini-games that can be played solo or with friends. These tours challenge players to timed fishing, bug-catching, diving, fossil-hunting, and other contests, rewarding medals that can be redeemed for exclusive items on the resort. Players can even join Club Tortimer, which allows them to join up with random people from around the world to go on tours together.
Many Animal Crossing fans have been hoping for more formalized games and contests to play with their friends when they visit each other's towns, and now they have a fairly impressive array of different mini-games that work well with the games user interface and controls. The tours come in three difficulty levels, with many of the three-star tours offering up a genuine challenge. Just try the shark-fishing challenge that requires cat-like reflexes. Overall, the tours are a fantastic addition to the game, especially when it comes to the multiplayer element.
Along with these new features, small tweaks to existing systems make this Animal Crossing more entertaining to play than its predecessors. Many elements of the game that were once down to random chance now have a more game-like element to them. Gulliver, a seagull, now asks the player simple geography questions in exchange for a prize. The fox Redd, who once sold art that had a random chance of being counterfeit, has now made subtle visual changes to famous works of art. Savvy players can examine his wares and catch him in the act, separating the genuine articles from Redd's counterfeits using their own knowledge of the works in question.
In addition, several activities and events that used to reward random pieces of normal furniture now award special, unique furniture sets. Holidays have also been retooled. Most of them are interactive in some way, so the player is actively celebrating instead of just watching the villagers observe the occasion. All these small changes add interest to the game and give the player yet more reasons to check in with their towns every day.
All of Animal Crossing: New Leaf's activities are enhanced by an excellent localization that is full of humor and whimsy. From the terrible fish puns to the jock villagers calling female players "ladybro" to the adorably silly sea shanties that Kapp'n sings on the way to the tropical island, I dare anybody not to crack the occasional grin while playing. Villager AI has been improved as well. For instance, a villager visited my home early in the game and commented that my walls looked bare. The next day, he sent me a wall clock in the mail. Although there are still a set number of villager personalities, the things they say and do are diverse enough that they seem more like actual people than ever before.


Please contact the Fryer Library, University of Queensland Library to inquire about this work. Email fryer@library.uq.edu.au.
Hayes, Edward Leo, 1889-1967, "Holy medals," accessed April 18, 2019, https://uqlibraryonlineexhibitions.omeka.net/items/show/931.


text:
Home » Art » After Continuously Getting In Trouble For Doodling In Class, This 9-Year-Old Get A Job Decorating A Restaurant
After Continuously Getting In Trouble For Doodling In Class, This 9-Year-Old Get A Job Decorating A Restaurant
By Josien Hofman November 5, 2019 December 10, 2019 Art
It's important to encourage your kids and support their creativity because great things might come out of it. The parents of Joe Whale, 9 years-old, thought exactly this when their son kept on drawing, even though he got in trouble for it at school.
Noticing Joe's obsession with drawing, his parents sent him to an after-school art class where his artistic abilities were quickly acknowledged. He was even chosen to decorate the dining room of the restaurant 'Number 4' in Shrewsbury, England. He is now well-known as 'The Doodle Boy' and even has his own website as well as several social media channels where anyone can admire his art.
More info: TheDoodleBoy.co.uk | Facebook | Instagram
Doodling in class is what got creative 9-year-old Joe Whale into trouble…
Image credits: The Doodle Boy
Doodles cover all of his school notebooks
According to Joe's father, Greg, his son has always loved drawing and "was added to the Gifted register in primary school-aged 4." He added: "His identical twin brother Jesse was also added to the register."
At an after-school art class, Joe's doodles were much appreciated by his teacher who shared his art on Instagram
Image credits: Greg Whale
The staff of the restaurant 'Number 4' noticed Joe's doodles
"Joe spent about 12 hours illustrating the wall." Said Joe's father Greg.
Greg has got some advice for other parents who want to support their children to follow their creative inspiration: "I would advise parents to encourage their children to always follow their passion and dreams — research local workshops or groups within your local community."
The restaurant asked Joe to doodle their restaurant's dining room
After school, Greg brings Joe over to the restaurant
Some parents might not be happy when their children get into trouble at school and might shut the troubling behavior down. Others, however, might see that their children need a creative outlet and will give them the space to develop their talent.
Joe has been given a lot of creative freedom that many artists might be envious of
Joe's talent was recognized by his art teacher who posted his work on Instagram. Restaurant 'Number 4' saw Joe's work and wanted to have their dining room full of his doodles. After school, Greg drives Joe to the restaurant so he can let his creativity go wild. Who could have known that doodling in class would lead to a real job at only 9 years-old?
"They wanted to get Joe into their restaurant to complete an art piece on their wall, and it was in their main dining area, we were over the moon," Joe's dad Greg told the media. "I asked Joe and he, of course, leaped at the chance to do it so we have been going there after school where for a couple of hours a night he'll put his creativity on their wall."
Joe, 'The Doodle Boy', has several social media profiles now and his own website
Image credits: Caters
The doodles really show Joe's unlimited imagination
Greg continued: "Joe loves doodling and we're so proud of everything he's achieving, the fact that a completely independent business has asked our 9-year old son to do a professional piece of work for them is incredible."
The 9-year-old is very well on his way to becoming a professional artist
It's extremely important to embrace whatever ambitions, dreams, talents, and desires young children might have, according to Self-Sufficient Kids, even if these interests might not equal those of the parents.
Joe's family is very proud of him and amazingly encouraging
In conclusion, it is also important for parents to notice the difference between a child who is uninterested in something and a child who needs some support and encouragement.
« Beautiful Pictures Of Baby Caracals, One Of The Most Gorgeous Cat Species Ever
Cheetah Spots Photographer Napping Under a Tree, Decides To Join In »
© The Wild Child 2017


The page provides the exchange rate of 1000 South Korean Won (KRW) to Japanese Yen (JPY), sale and conversion rate. Moreover, we added the list of the most popular conversions for visualization and the history table with exchange rate diagram for 1000 South Korean Won (KRW) to Japanese Yen (JPY) from Friday, 19/04/2019 till Friday, 12/04/2019. Latest update of 1000 South Korean Won (KRW) exchange rate.
Convert currency 1000 KRW to JPY. How much is 1000 South Korean Won to Japanese Yen? — 98.44 Japanese Yen.
1000 South Korean Won to Japanese Yen, convert 1000 KRW in JPY.


text:
using System;

namespace MyCouch.Extensions
{
    internal static class ObjectExtensions
    {
        internal static string ToStringExtended(this object v)
        {
            if (v == null)
                return null;

            if (v is string)
                return v.ToString();

            if (v is DateTime)
            {
                var d = (DateTime) v;

                return d.ToString(MyCouchRuntime.DateTimeFormatPattern, MyCouchRuntime.FormatingCulture);
            }

            //No IConvertible
            if (v is byte)
            {
                var i = (byte)v;

                return i.ToString(MyCouchRuntime.FormatingCulture);
            }

            if (v is short)
            {
                var i = (short)v;

                return i.ToString(MyCouchRuntime.FormatingCulture);
            }

            if (v is int)
            {
                var i = (int)v;

                return i.ToString(MyCouchRuntime.FormatingCulture);
            }

            if (v is long)
            {
                var i = (long)v;

                return i.ToString(MyCouchRuntime.FormatingCulture);
            }

            if (v is float)
            {
                var i = (float)v;

                return i.ToString(MyCouchRuntime.FormatingCulture);
            }

            if (v is double)
            {
                var i = (double)v;

                return i.ToString(MyCouchRuntime.FormatingCulture);
            }

            if (v is decimal)
            {
                var i = (decimal)v;

                return i.ToString(MyCouchRuntime.FormatingCulture);
            }

            return v.ToString();
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Over the past 60 years, three-time NASCAR Cup series champion Darrell Waltrip has been behind the wheel of race cars or radio and television microphones at race tracks across the country. After his retirement from driving in 2000, his move to the broadcast booth offered a new arena from which to continue expressing insights on the sport. For 19 NASCAR seasons, his charismatic personality has been a huge part of the FOX Sports NASCAR team of announcers that includes broadcast legend Mike Joy and four-time Cup champion Jeff Gordon.
This coming June, the Owensboro, Ky. native will retire at the conclusion of the Cup series event at Sears Point Raceway at Sonoma, Calif.
Waltrip has successfully resonated with generations of race fans through trademark catch phrases and easy-going mannerisms. His style of delivery is unlike any other, mirroring a stellar driving career that produced 84 Cup series victories.
When he walked into Bristol Motor Speedway's media center this past Friday for the announcement, the group waiting to receive him resembled more of a family reunion than a press conference. The feeling in the room was one of sadness but upbeat in the fact it was at a track where he won 12 Cup series races with seven coming consecutively.
With a humble tone in his voice, Waltrip confirmed it was time to look at new ventures, including that of proud grandfather to 14-month old granddaughter Louisa. The decision to retire was his, citing the need for more time with his family.
Waltrip's first experience with broadcasting came while winning races and championships in the 1980s and 1990s joining disc jockey and television host Ralph Emery on his country music shows in Nashville. Waltrip also worked with TNN, TBS and ABC/ESPN for races he had not entered, such as companion IROC or Xfinity Series events and TNN's "Winners" show documenting driver's careers. The move to FOX Sports in 2001 proved to be a natural and seamless transition.
He has felt the highest of highs through some of the sport's greatest finishes and lowest of low when Dale Earnhardt lost his life in the 2001 Daytona, Waltrip's first race with FOX. It's been a tremendous ride. The difficult decision to leave came with numerous conversations with his family over many months.
There is no question Waltrip will be difficult to replace come February of 2020 when FOX returns to Daytona. Required will be an upbeat personality, a vast knowledge of the sport and present-day drivers and the cars they race.
It's all speculation at this point, but when Kevin Harvick someday elects to step away from driving, he would be a great choice. He has already worked several television broadcasts and like Waltrip, is a natural in front of the camera. Another is Carl Edwards, a well-spoken former NASCAR driver with a great amount of talent in the broadcast booth. Edwards also has broadcast experience and is popular among race fans as a commentator.
Make no mistake. Waltrip will miss going to the race track, something he's done as long as he can remember.
"Next February when all of you are in Daytona, headed down for the Daytona 500, and I'm not with you, that's when it will hit me," Waltrip said. "But between now and then, we've got races to do. Maybe when I walk out of the booth at Sonoma and look at all these wonderful people that have been there the whole time, I'll think about not seeing them anymore. That's when it will hit me. That's when it will hurt.
Thank you, D.W., for many decades of incredible memories.


text:
Man raises money for Calshot RNLI after the station's volunteers saved his life
In July 2017 Micky Tooke found himself in trouble on the water after suffering a stroke while out alone on his boat. Having managed to raise the alarm to the HM Coastguard, Calshot RNLI carried out the rescue that saved Micky's life.
RNLI/Steve Foulkes
Photo of the original rescue of Micky Tooke
Having arrived quickly at the scene, Calshot RNLI were able to get Micky airlifted by Rescue 175 helicopter and quickly to the hospital.
Since his ordeal Micky and his partner Betty Cowley have showed their gratitude to the volunteers at Calshot RNLI Lifeboat Station by treating them all to a Chinese meal and recently raising over £128 for the station.
For the recent fundraiser the couple set up an impressive display of Christmas lights in their front garden in Lordshill, Southampton, over the 2018 Christmas period. The festive display included an inflatable Santa and snowman.
The garden was open for the public to enjoy, with a donation box for Calshot RNLI for those who wished to pop in their spare change.
Betty is no stranger to the emergency crews that attended to her partner in 2017, having worked for a restaurant in Lee-on-the-Solent Betty had delivered food to the crew of the Rescue 175 helicopter on many occasions.
The festive garden was not a first for the couple who had raised money the previous year for a cancer charity, and subsequently the couple plan for an even bigger and better light display for Christmas 2019 to raise more money for the RNLI and a dementia charity.
The money raised was greatly received by Calshot's volunteer crew, who are delighted to still be in contact with the couple.
Laura Bean, Volunteer Lifeboat Press Office 07772 529985 creativelittleworld@gmail.com
Paul Dunt, Regional Media Officer, London and South East 07785 296252 paul_dunt@rnli.org.uk
For enquiries outside normal business hours, contact the RNLI duty press officer on (01202) 336789
The Royal National Lifeboat Institution is the charity that saves lives at sea. Our volunteers provide a 24-hour search and rescue service in the United Kingdom and Ireland from 238 lifeboat stations, including four along the River Thames and inland lifeboat stations at Loch Ness, Lough Derg, Enniskillen and Lough Ree. Additionally the RNLI has more than 1,000 lifeguards on over 240 beaches around the UK and operates a specialist flood rescue team, which can respond anywhere across the UK and Ireland when inland flooding puts lives at risk.
The RNLI relies on public donations and legacies to maintain its rescue service. As a charity it is separate from, but works alongside, government-controlled and funded coastguard services. Since the RNLI was founded in 1824 our lifeboat crews and lifeguards have saved at least 140,000 lives. Volunteers make up 95% of the charity, including 4,600 volunteer lifeboat crew members and 3,000 volunteer shore crew. Additionally, tens of thousands of other dedicated volunteers raise funds and awareness, give safety advice, and help in our museums, shops and offices.
Members of the public may contact the RNLI on 0300 300 9990 or by email.
The RNLI is a charity registered in England and Wales (209603) and Scotland (SC037736). Charity number 20003326 in the Republic of Ireland.
The RNLI is a charity registered in England and Wales (209603) and Scotland (SC037736). Charity number 20003326 in the Republic of Ireland
Share on FacebookShare on TwitterShare on Google+Share via email
Laura Bean
Lifeboat Press Officer, Calshot Lifeboat Station
Related stationCalshot Lifeboat Station
Calshot Lifeboat Station


At DumpsterWay, we strive to bring you the best service at the best price available. We have a wide selection of dumpster sizes in stock in Avella, PA, with flexible & timley pickup and delivery. Give us a call today for all your dumpster rental and roll off needs.
Rapid service like next day Garbage Dumpster for Rent in Avella, PA is the one other fantastic merchandise to look for. If you're in a hurry to have the project began and finished, this is a must have option.
Discover which size hired dumpster you will need. The actual Garbage Dumpster for Rent in Avella, PA company needs to have at least a few sizes-small, medium and enormous.
Nearly just about any business need some sort of Garbage Dumpster for Rent in Avella, PA for property. With regards to the type of business can reflect which kind of service is needed, and will also reflect what size dumpster must be rented. A number of the available collection options can range from everyday, to regular, to perhaps monthly pick-ups. Specialty dumpsters regarding recyclable merchandise is also available to help rent out to companies. If you need a compacting dumpster regarding boxes along with cardboard merchandise, this too may be rented from the same organization that rental prices out any other kind of dumpster.
Many of the Garbage Dumpster for Rent in Avella, PA companies fee fee based the period of time of the rental along with tonnage of the debris disposed to the dumpster. Be quite specific regarding the time period of the actual rental before you place a purchase. Though most of the companies handle instant jobs, it is always far better to schedule the actual delivery along with pick up in advance so that you have enough time to make out place for dumpster when they get it to your place.
This is where the Garbage Dumpster for Rent in Avella, PA service stomach in practical. The company not simply provides the dumpster, additionally they discard the actual waste available for you. So, this could be one significantly less thing you'd probably have to worry about, specifically after a special day.
All goods can be thrown away in one dumpster. They don't need to be split up for example: window, metal, timber and sheetrock can be disposed of within the same dumpster. Local trash collection regulations prohibit the amount of rubbish that is available regarding pickup with the city. Additionally they require the bagging of all rubbish and the splitting of any recyclables. By using a construction Garbage Dumpster for Rent in Avella, PA helps make trash removal much easier along with quicker simply because it does not require the actual bagging of trash or perhaps the separating of recyclables.
It is time for anyone to vitally understand the must protect the surroundings. In spite of the federal government taking many measures safeguard the environment; the surroundings is still affected due to the polluting of the environment that is generated in the country. It's very important for the federal government and individuals to function in simultaneous to protect the surroundings.
If you want the actual dumpster placed on the driveway, you might want to lay down numerous pieces of plywood to protect the spot from any injury.
Tired of all the clutter taking up valuable place in your home or even on your lawn? After that don't wait for spring to help swing in to cleaning mode. With affordable and easy Garbage Dumpster for Rent in Avella, PAs through your local removal company, you may clear away a great deal of accumulated crap in a single day along with reclaim the real estate regarding better utilize.
Once the residence has been satisfied of the tenant's things, it's time to focus on repairs. Evictees are sometimes terrible property owners (they had to get evicted, in the end!), and they are capable of doing some fairly extensive damage to your property that need to be repaired before you could rent it out once again. Odds are that you may have to replace the actual carpeting within the rental; few renters leave whole carpeting. Should the former renter had pets, it is essential to replace the carpet to eliminate all allergens. However, when there has been virtually any damage done to the partitions or repainting is necessary, save time and difficulties by keeping all those old carpeting and rugs installed to perform as drop cloths because you repair along with repaint. After the repairs are executed, rip out there and replace the old new carpet. Perform virtually any needed maintenance on home equipment and features, and then begin to show the property to get rented once again. Better chance with your subsequent tenants!
If you are embarking on a major clean out, or if you have large scale appliance fingertips or rubbish removal requirements, hiring a dumpster services a great idea. Make absolutely certain you know going into exactly what solutions your dumpster business offers so that you can employ one that's right for you.
Should you be looking to throw-away equipment containing gas or even oil may very well not throw them into a rented dumpster. Again, check the rules on your state on the way to dispose of propane or gas.
When you choose a new Garbage Dumpster for Rent in Avella company, assistance options change so dig through them as well as work out the most beneficial one for you.
Using spring swiftly approaching, individuals in the southeast are aware that having lovely springtime days will come with the horrible storms of spring: the actual howling really winds, heavy rain fall, hail, tornadoes as well as our infamous late snowfalls. Many of these disruptive climate patterns can certainly leave into their wakes an enormous mess for you and your friends and neighbors to clean up. But wherever do you possibly begin? Here's a few suggestions to get a neighborhood alongside one another to clean up after a hurricane.
You are no longer required to worry that rubbish disposal with effective way is another burden for you. These Garbage Dumpster for Rent in Avella organizations with the many years of experience can certainly suggest the actual most affordable strategy for disposing the garbage without traveling your budget boundaries. Hiring a dumpster may relive via all the headaches of rubbish disposal. You'll get ample time to focus on many other issues so that your brand-new rebuilt house will heal the wounds of aged ruins.
Find out how long you can keep the rented dumpster at your home so that you are not stunned with additional fees. You should hire a roofer that will allow the actual dumpster to be on your house for at least a couple weeks for one one-time fee. If you need the actual dumpster longer you will have the option to do it.
There are a lot more people that are opting for to deal with undesirable items in a great eco friendly manner. It is important that when you are doing a clean as much as do it carefully so that you will not end up with accidental injuries. Dumpster rental can come in incredibly handy on the subject of dealing with undesirable rubbish, whether it be from clean up or even construction function.
There are some preventive measures that a user may miss out although dealing with the actual waste produced if it is handled on home. Initially the consumer will be unacquainted with the size of the actual dumpster that is required in order to the trash from one proceed. Picking the incorrect sized dumpster may result in doubling the project as well as price tag in terms of move. There exists diverse number of constraints from town to town which the consumer has to know thyself to dump the garbage.
Thankfully when you're getting started on your house construction, the very next day you can rent a new dumpster. To figure out which usually size of dumpster to buy look at the dimensions of the construction undertaking you will be taking on.
In the spring you'll probably decide to start classes renovations that need to happen currently. As time goes on, schools are getting an increasing number of crowded. Additions need to be produced as well as school room sizes created larger. In the course of spring break you possibly can have a contractor arranged to start the actual renovations. If you want to get the renovations done rapidly you will need to hire a roofer that housing costs next day dumpsters. The particular contractors can readily do their work and clean up subsequently with a dumpster right next to these. Make sure you deal with a company that has dumpsters with small wheels on the bottom. The particular contractors will have the ability to easily move the dumpster from area to yet another while working.
With virtually any support, the price ends up being a key factor. This kind of tends to perform an even larger role if you assume effects will be the same goes with any company. Because of this assumption, a few Garbage Dumpster for Rent in Avella, PA companies possess resorted to sly pricing strategies. Much like flight companies, they publicise one selling price and then locate all kinds of means to sneak in more charges.
It is a good idea to obtain a size in excess of the one you think that you will need, as underestimating your requirements can be high priced due to obtaining to rent a second trash can.
It is no wonder which the pollution which is being generated on the earth is transforming the cycle of character, the reason why you are receiving uneven rainfall falls, in season changes and the result is raising temperatures. People throw on their own into a hazardous pit, when they do not require immediate steps.
You can thoroughly clean the yard, dispose of of which trash immediately after your house's renovation which enable it to do a many more for keeping the home clean basic services. The particular disposal trash can and Garbage Dumpster for Rent in Avella, PA providers help you point out bye to people heaps of trash of your house inside a convenient method only.
You can save yourself any time and energy regarding hauling trash over the next couple of weeks outside to wait for the area trash pick-up by simply with a dumpster today. You can experience any next day dumpster entrance by phoning the night previous to or by ordering online. You can find rid of ones trash at the earliest opportunity rather than anticipating the community trash pickup and you could save yourself time and effort by avoiding the need to distinct recyclables and digest the trash directly into bags.
Obtaining a roll off dumpster for a structure project is usually especially important if there are any chemical substance wastes and hazardous supplies that have to end up being cleared in the construction internet site. There are specifically licensed trash companies familiar with taking care of these kind of materials to suit your needs. If this situation applies to you and the company, it is best to discuss these matters when you produce inquiries with your prospective trash service company. This is particularly important with there being special legislation that cover these kinds of set up. The intention of these legislation is to control the controlling of these unsafe materials to those that know how to practice it, thus lessening the likelihood of which members of the public will likely be exposed. One example is asbestos, which can cause cancers and serious respiratory difficulties if not disposed of properly.


Khaled Babbou of Tunisia has been elected President of Rugby Africa during the 13th General Assembly of Rugby Africa in Marrakech, Morocco held yesterday.
Zimbabwe's Aaron Jani was elected in the executive committee at the assembly.
Outgoing President, Abdelaziz Bougja, was elected Honorary President unanimously.
The newly elected Vice President Owor hailed the election promises and the support they have from the member states.
"I m very glad that the elections went on well and that most of the countries accepted our nominations and gave us the mandate to lead Rugby Africa for the next four years. We think with our strategy we can work together with all the different members of Rugby Africa and we can accelerate the growth of the Game on the continent," he commented.


Am I the only guy getting the right pics?
@ Firaga777: You're probably the luckiest.
On a second thought, this is not too bad either.
hmm. please say this isnt too dirty.
As long as it's not actual images of it, it should be fine.
and i dunno how to put the pic.
use the after, square brackets inclusive.
Norica Pistol Mod 38 Magnum.
41. I HOPE WE GET TO REACH OVER 9000 BY THE END OF THE YEAR.
this is gonna be LOOOONG.


The Latin American Initiative at Brookings compiled a guide to the tourism and travel industry in Cuba. As Cuba enjoys its new status as a trophy destination, the Cuban government has recognized tourism as a strategic sector of the economy in its 2030 Vision Plan. This paper offers a comprehensive review of the Cuban government's policies toward international tourism since the 1959 revolution. It analyzes the challenges to meeting the government's objectives, explores the organization of the tourism industry in Cuba, and outlines policy options for both Cuba and the United States to help foster growth in Cuba's tourism industry.
Felipe González discusses the 60th Annual World Tourism Organization Regional Commission on the Americas meeting held in Havana in May of 2016 in conjunction with 36th edition of the Cuba's International Tourism Fair, emphasizing the recent increases in travel to Cuba as well as noting the emphasis placed by Minister of Tourism Marrero on the important role of the booming non-state sector in the tourism industry. Marrero also announced new strategies to implement standards for the domestic tourism industries as well as the restoration and updating of facilities and opening 2,500 new rooms on the island. Marrero noted that in 2015 tourism brought in about 2.8 billion dollar of direct income to the Cuban economy.
Since Cuba's establishment as a communist state, the U.S. government has placed sanctions, including travel restrictions, on the island in an effort to isolate it from the rest of the world. This report examines developments in U.S. policy restricting travel and remittances to Cuba, including significant changes that have occurred, current permissible travel and remittances, enforcement of the travel restrictions, and debate on lifting the travel restrictions.
Johnson calls for an open exchange of academic information with Cuba to promote advances in several areas of study. Although Cuba is a closed society, the authors point out that past relationships between the United States and other restricted nations such as North Korea and Iran proved to be mutually beneficial. Based on historic relations with Cuba, the author believes that an open educational dialogue would catalyze advances for both U.S. and Cuban scholars.
In 2011 President Obama eased travel restrictions with Cuba to increase contact between Cuban civil society and those living in the United States. The President asks to continue the embargo, while allowing charter flights for purposeful travel from the United States to Cuba.
Cuban citizens sent the letter below to Congress, encouraging them to remove the travel ban. The letter reminds the Congress members that there are many non-profit organizations, constituencies, and human rights councils concerned with Cuban isolationism. By easing travel restrictions, the signatories of this letter hope to promote development and to curtail governmental repression.
President Obama's plan to modernize and globalize Cuba by removing travel restrictions and limits on remittances while adding telecommunications technology and an improved diplomatic relationship with their leaders is detailed here. This fact sheet also lists advisories and changes to policy regarding travel to Cuba.
The White House releases Obama's plan to promote contact between the United States and Cuba through the removal of travel restrictions and limitations on remittances.
Rafael Romeu considers the ramifications of opening Cuba to tourism. He claims that U.S. tourism to Cuba would threaten other Caribbean nations' that are economically dependent on U.S. travelers.
This position paper from the Latin American Working Group criticizes the George W. Bush administration's stringent policies towards Cuba and Cuban-American immigrants. Despite harsh restrictions, the authors point to academic relationships between scholars of the two nations as a sign of cooperation and the promise of an eventual restored relationship.
Sanders and Long explore the potential economic benefits to the United States that would result from easing trade and travel restrictions with Cuba. Considering three different scenarios, the report gives both conservative and high estimates about the probability of mutual economic growth.
Survey results from first- and second-generation Cuban immigrants to the U.S. indicate a generation gap concerning visitation, aid, and government relations between the United States and Cuba. According to the researchers' findings, first-generation immigrants are much more likely to oppose an open relationship with Cuba for moral and political reasons. In contrast, their children have fewer moral qualms about traveling to Cuba and are more likely to support a normalized relationship.
The Cuba Sanctions Resource Center includes guides to Frequently Asked Questions about the Changes to the Cuba Sanctions, Sanctions Brochures, Specific Guidance on the Cuba Sanctions, Fact Sheet on Recent Changes to the Cuba Sanctions, and Interpretative Guidance formulated by the Department of the Treasury.


text:
earthman (n.)
also earth-man, 1860, "a spirit of nature; a demon who lives below the ground," from earth (n.) + man (n.). Science fiction sense of "inhabitant of the planet Earth" first attested 1949 in writing of Robert Heinlein.
Entries linking to earthman
earth (n.)
Old English eorþe "ground, soil, dirt, dry land; country, district," also used (along with middangeard) for "the (material) world, the abode of man" (as opposed to the heavens or the underworld), from Proto-Germanic *ertho (source also of Old Frisian erthe "earth," Old Saxon ertha, Old Norse jörð, Middle Dutch eerde, Dutch aarde, Old High German erda, German Erde, Gothic airþa), perhaps from an extended form of PIE root *er- (2) "earth, ground."
The earth considered as a planet was so called from c. 1400. Use in old chemistry is from 1728. Earth-mover "large digging machine" is from 1940.
man (n.)
"a featherless plantigrade biped mammal of the genus Homo" [Century Dictionary], Old English man, mann "human being, person (male or female); brave man, hero;" also "servant, vassal, adult male considered as under the control of another person," from Proto-Germanic *mann- (source also of Old Saxon, Swedish, Dutch, Old High German man, Old Frisian mon, German Mann, Old Norse maðr, Danish mand, Gothic manna "man"), from PIE root *man- (1) "man." For the plural, see men.
Sometimes connected to root *men- (1) "to think," which would make the ground sense of man "one who has intelligence," but not all linguists accept this. Liberman, for instance, writes, "Most probably man 'human being' is a secularized divine name" from Mannus [Tacitus, "Germania," chap. 2], "believed to be the progenitor of the human race."
Specific sense of "adult male of the human race" (distinguished from a woman or boy) is by late Old English (c. 1000); Old English used wer and wif to distinguish the sexes, but wer began to disappear late 13c. and was replaced by man. Universal sense of the word remains in mankind and manslaughter. Similarly, Latin had homo "human being" and vir "adult male human being," but they merged in Vulgar Latin, with homo extended to both senses. A like evolution took place in Slavic languages, and in some of them the word has narrowed to mean "husband." PIE had two other "man" roots: *uiHro "freeman" (source of Sanskrit vira-, Lithuanian vyras, Latin vir, Old Irish fer, Gothic wair; see *wi-ro-) and *hner "man," a title more of honor than *uiHro (source of Sanskrit nar-, Armenian ayr, Welsh ner, Greek anēr; see *ner- (2)).
Man also was in Old English as an indefinite pronoun, "one, people, they." It was used generically for "the human race, mankind" by c. 1200. As a word of familiar address, originally often implying impatience, c.1400; hence probably its use as an interjection of surprise or emphasis, since Middle English but especially popular from early 20c.
As "a woman's lover," by mid-14c. As "adult male possessing manly qualities in an eminent degree," from 14c. Man's man, one whose qualities are appreciated by other men, is by 1873. Colloquial use of the Man for "the boss" is by 1918. To be man or mouse "be brave or be timid" is from 1540s. Meaning "piece with which a game (especially chess) is played" is from c. 1400.
Man-about-town "man of the leisure class who frequents clubs, theaters, and other social resorts" is from 1734. Man of the world is from mid-14c. as "secular man, layman;" by early 15c. as "man experienced in the ways of the world, one able to take things in stride." To do something as one man "unanimously" is from late 14c.
So I am as he that seythe, 'Come hyddr John, my man.' [1473]
MANTRAP, a woman's commodity. [Grose, "Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue," London, 1785]
At the kinges court, my brother, Ech man for himself. [Chaucer, "Knight's Tale," c. 1386]
earthling (n.)
Old English yrþling "plowman" (see earth (n.) + -ling); the sense of "inhabitant of the earth" is from 1590s and might be a re-formation, as the word seems to be missing in Middle English. Compare earthman. Earlier in this sense was earthite (1825).
Share earthman
https://www.etymonline.com/word/earthman
Etymology of earthman by etymonline
Harper, D. (n.d.). Etymology of earthman. Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved $(datetime), from https://www.etymonline.com/word/earthman
Harper Douglas, "Etymology of earthman," Online Etymology Dictionary, accessed $(datetime), https://www.etymonline.com/word/earthman.
Harper, Douglas. "Etymology of earthman." Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com/word/earthman. Accessed $(datetimeMla).
D. Harper. "Etymology of earthman." Online Etymology Dictionary. https://www.etymonline.com/word/earthman (accessed $(datetime)).
Dictionary entries near earthman
earthman
earth-mother


JULIE OLSON is a Science Teacher at Mitchell High School, 920 N. Capital Street, Mitchell, SD 57301; e-mail: julie.olson@k12.sd.us.
MICHAEL AMOLINS is a Science Teacher at Harrisburg High School, PO Box 339, Harrisburg, SD 57032; e-mail: michael.amonlins@k12.sd.us.
PETER VITIELLO is an Assistant Scientist at the Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th Street North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104; e-mail: peter.vitiello@sanfordhealth.org.
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a fundamental laboratory technique with direct applications across scientific research and clinical diagnostics as well as everyday life. Unfortunately, many challenges exist that inhibit both its introduction and implementation in the high school biology classroom. We present a reliable yet inexpensive way of effectively simulating this assay, allowing student exposure to several advanced topics, including immunodetection, clinical diagnostics, and qualitative and quantitative colorimetric analysis.


text:
Q: Count the number of occurrences of all the digits in the string S.? output format: string = 7714
0 0
1 1
2 0
3 0 .....
7 2 and so on till digit 9. Note: there will be new line after each digit occurence value. Alongside each digits same occurence is showing up which is 15 or 20 or 25.
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

    string s;
    cin>>s;
    int i,j;
    int c=0;
    int a;
    int l=s.length();
    for(i=0;i<l;i++)
    {
        cin>>s[i];
    }
    for(i=0;i<l;i++)
    {
        for(j=0;j<=9;j++)
        {
        if(s[j]==1 || s[j]==2 || s[j]==3 || s[j]==4 || s[j]==5 || s[j]==6 || s[j]==7 || s[j]==8 || s[j]==9 || s[j]==0)
        {
            c++;
        }
        }
    }
    for(i=0;i<=9;i++)
    {
        cout<<i<<" "<<c<<endl;
    }

}

A: Since after one day all the comments and answers so far obviously could not help you, see the following simple solution.
The exercise targets people starting with C++, so I suppose it is better to use basic constructs like arrays and loops.
The array counts holds the counts of the digits, one for each possible digit; so the size of the array is 10. Note that the characters in the string are not integral digits from 0..9, but characters in (very likely) ASCII code from 48..57. The ASCII-code of character '0' is integral value 48, not integral value 0. So to get a range from 0..9, one has to substract 48 (or '0', which is the same as integral 48) from the respective character.
Hope it helps.
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main() {

    std::string s = "7714";
    int counts[10] =  { 0 };  // init all the counters with 0
    for (int i=0; i<s.length();i++) {  // iterate over the characters in s
        char c = s[i];
        if (isdigit(c)) {
            int index = c - '0'; // c is from '0' to '9' (i.e. ASCII codes 48..57); need it from 0..9; char('0') stands for int(49).
            counts[index]++;  // increment the counter representing the respective digit
        } else {
            std::cout << "invalid character (not a digit) in s" << std::endl;
        }
    }
    for (int i=0; i<9; i++) {
        std::cout << i << ": " << counts[i] << std::endl;
    }
}

Output:
0: 0
1: 1
2: 0
3: 0
4: 1
5: 0
6: 0
7: 2
8: 0

A: The power of algorithms . . .
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>

int main()
{
    // Get String from user
    std::string s; std::cin >> s;
    // This is what we want to search
    std::string digits("0123456789");

    // Do all the work in a one liner
    std::for_each(digits.begin(), digits.end(), [&s](const char c) { std::cout << c << ' ' << std::count(s.begin(), s.end(), c) << '\n'; });

    return 0;
}

A: Create an array of counters.
int counters[10]; //will store the counts of each instance.
                 //counters[0] will count the number of 0s, etc.

Convert each input character to integer.
look up how to do this on the internet.

Increment that index of counters array.
counters[the_converted_character_to_integer]++;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


If you're in the market for any type of commercial paving or asphalt services in Michigan, you likely have quite a few companies to choose from. There are companies that have been in business for decades, as well as those who may not be around tomorrow. When you're in need of commercial paving work for your business, it's best to call a reputable company like Michigan Paving & Materials Co. for quite a few reasons. In this blog we'll explain why hiring a reputable and experienced paving contractor is key.
Why Hire A Reputable Michigan Paving Contractor?
While you may find a company that is willing to offer rock bottom prices when it comes to commercial asphalt, the reality is that they may be offering rock bottom service as well. When you work with a reputable paving contractor like Michigan Paving & Materials Co. you can rely on a number of key factors that will ensure the finished product is everything you thought it would be.
Fully Licensed and Insured – At Michigan Paving & Materials Co., we have been providing our paving services to companies and municipalities around the Michigan area for decades. One thing that our customers never have to worry about is whether we're properly licensed and insured. All of our customers are happy to ask for proof of all our proper licensing and insurance documents.
Asphalt Material Producer – Not only is Michigan Paving & Materials Co. an asphalt paving contractor, but we also produce all of our own paving materials as well. This gives us complete control over the entire paving process to ensure we're using the highest quality paving materials on each of our jobs.
Satisfaction Guaranteed – Whenever we perform a job at your facility or business, know that your satisfaction is always 100% guaranteed. If you're not satisfied, we'll come back and fix any issue until you are.
High Quality Paving Company – Many paving companies are using equipment and technology that is quite dated. At Michigan Paving & Materials Co., we're always using the latest and greatest paving equipment to ensure we're completing your paving project as quickly and efficiently as possible. We understand that many times our clients are unable to access their facilities during paving work, so we always strive to finish our jobs on time, and on budget without ever sacrificing quality.
If you're in Michigan and looking for any type of asphalt repair or replacement at your place of business, don't hesitate to reach out to Michigan Paving & Materials Co. today. We'll be happy for one of our paving estimators to provide you with a free consultation to determine exactly what it is you need. We look forward to working with you soon.