text:
What Does Michael Ignatieff's Demise Say About Us?
"There is no other country in the world where intellectuals suffer from such low repute as in Canada." - Hilda Neatby, 1956
Within days of Stéphane Dion being chosen as Liberal leader, "not a leader" attack ads began appearing on national television. The Conservatives must have selected the taglines for all possible victors in advance, and this just happened to be Dion's.
And it was not based on his lack of leadership skills, which were already tested in his writing of the Clarity Act and passing of the Kyoto Protocol. They knew they could capitalize on his difficulty with the English language, and they rode that, along with the misconception that the revenue neutral carbon tax, was an actual tax; to election victory.
When the ads first appeared, the media, amongst themselves, believed they would never work. And when they did, there is now an acceptance, and even an expectation, of mind numbing character assassinations, as part of normal political debate.
For two and half years, Michael Ignatieff endured "just visiting" propaganda in print ads, many paid for by taxpayers, and on television. A baseball fan, he once stated that he couldn't even enjoy a game on TV, because constantly his image would be moving across the screen, with his now infamous tagline.
And a man who has been called one of the world's foremost thinkers, was reduced to the level of a self-serving opportunist, while we ignored the fact that Stephen Harper has done more to gain and hold onto power, than anyone in the history of the country.
In this last election, Stephen Harper ran one of the most undemocratic campaigns on record. He limited questions and severely limited access, and yet media outlets threw him their support.
He stayed on message, they claim. Of course he did. If anyone tried to take him off message they were either shouted down, thrown out and even arrested.
And while journalists travelling with Ignatieff, constantly tweeted that the Liberal leader was a powerful speaker, and worked without notes, while Harper used a teleprompter, they still declared Harper the victor, long before we went to the polls.
And again Canadians tuned out. We may have set a new record for low voter turnout, possibly less than 50%. And the Conservatives now have a majority, based on the desires of less than 25% of eligible voters.
Our democracy is in shambles and will now only get worse. The most autocratic leader in the history of our country, now controls Parliament and the Senate, and before his four years are up, the Supreme Court.
Where will Canadians go for justice? The media? The Fourth Estate, who have traded away their integrity when they became kingmakers to a man so many Canadians not only detest, but fear.
Pollsters couldn't have been more wrong this election. And yet their predictions with sensational headlines, determined how we voted, or whether we voted at all.
Time to question whether we have polling at all now, when it appears that they just make stuff up.
Our system is broken. Based on the proportionately of the ballots cast, the makeup of Parliament, would have been: Conservatives 122, NDP 95, Liberals 58, Bloc 19 and Green 14.
A better and fairer representation. But what do we have instead?
I believe that Michael Ignatieff would have made an excellent prime minister, but we'll never know. Because it would appear that we have succumbed to something very ugly in our political system, exported from the United States, and refined by the Conservative Party of Canada.
So maybe from here on in, we will only get what we deserve.
Labels: Thank you Mr. Ignatieff and I'm Sorry
Nadine Lumley May 4, 2011 at 12:16 PM
To: Info Avaaz
Subject: Election Reform in Canada
Dear Avaaz,
Canada is very interested if you would run a campaign based on the below:
Canada needs election reform as the majority of voters are not represented after voting. IRV is a slight modification to the current system. People are already familiar with strategic voting and it is essentially automatic strategic voting. It's already used in some US municipal elections. There's a referendum coming up on it in the UK (called Alternative Vote there.) If we win IRV we can try PR next round. It's the practical choice.
IRV is automatic strategic voting. It allows you to rank candidates. If there is a second instant runoff ballot, one of your choices will make it on. This system is superior to strategic voting because it:
a) takes the guess work out;
b) doesn't require any recruitment; and
c) stops vote-splitting 100%.
Although PR is used in almost all developed countries, there is fierce opposition to it in Canada and other Anglo-Saxon countries. It is portrayed as radical here. The mainstream media hates it. Even the Toronto Star is rabidly anti-PR. It has lost in 5 provincial designed-to-fail referendums. It is toast here. A better bet is a Layton majority. If we go "all in" on PR, we will end up with nothing and can look forward to many neo-Con majorities in the future.
I think the safer route is to got for moderate gains with IRV first, which will be hard for the media to kill. Then after Canadians get a taste for electoral reform we go for PR. IRV, although not perfect, will get us to where we want to go. If we risk all on PR and lose -- which has happened 5 times already -- then electoral reform is dead as dirt. Papers like the Toronto Star are already claiming electoral reform is a settled issue: "the people have spoken loudly and clearly and rightfully rejected it." (to paraphrase Torstar corp.)
Animal Kingdom – 6 min. long
The Problems with First Past the Post Voting Explained
http://youtu.be/s7tWHJfhiyo
John Cleese Explains Proportional Representation
1:32 min. long
http://youtu.be/mtbfG_eKlZg
RMR: Everything You Wanted to Know About Electoral Reform
http://youtu.be/VZuBYzsQxis
Is your Cat confused about the referendum on the alternative vote on the 5th May?
http://youtu.be/HiHuiDD_oTk
Nadine Lumley May 4, 2011 at 1:20 PM
Harper's I.D. voting scam
Taking a page from Karl Rove's electioneering playbook, the Conservatives adopted provisions of the notorious Help America Vote Act (HAVA) that make voting more difficult for people not generally found among the conservative voting base of either America or Canada: the poor, indigent, seniors living in care facilities, immigrants, and young, first-time voters.
http://www.pacificfreepress.com/news/1/3175-stephen-harper-wants-your-vote-enough-to-try-steal-it.html
When the result at the polls is doesn't make sense to you
and when you see so much opposition towards the winner
makes you wonder how they won and how they keep winning
Invisible Ballots - A Temptation for Electronic Vote Fraud
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vZNJxZsMHV4
"Hacking Democracy"
HBO documentary about electronic vote fraud
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hNxBa6KENE
repost from Yoga Rani - Many Conservatives used two different names, addresses and telephone numbers, and voted twice. I know at least one person who has bragged about it.
Repost from Janice Gougeon - Can anyone who lives in a small town tell me where your voting stations were? In my town, it was set up on the outskirts of town - no public transit - anyone without a car that lives in town couldn't get out to cast a vote. Just wondering if this was part of a strategy as I live in a Con Town.
Repost from Gxxxx Xxxxxx - Well let me tell you. Not that I'm saying anything untoward happens, but the incumbent gets to supply & approve the majority of the poll clerks and deputy returning officers. Our ballots are all paper & hand counted so..............
Reports are coming in from key swing ridings in Ontario and other other provinces that voters are being called at home with false information that their voting locations have changed, and in some instances sending voters an hour in the wrong direction.
http://www.examiner.com/canada-headlines-in-canada/canada-election-hampered-by-false-information-possible-voter-fraud
Kay L. Davies May 4, 2011 at 4:31 PM
As you know, Emily, I was anxious to see Michael Ignatieff as our prime minister because he is both intelligent and dedicated. I am so sorry he has resigned.
Laura May 4, 2011 at 4:49 PM
There is currently a referendum being held on IRV in England, and the Tories have been campaigning HARD against it. Nick Clegg made it a key component of his coalition with Cameron, and is now feeling betrayed, since support for IRV started out overwhelmingly-pro, and is now running strongly against. All this to say, IRV may help to bring down the Cameron-Clegg coalition.
It's curious what biases and prejudices we have in Anglo-Saxon countries with respect to social and political policy. Living in a non-Anglo-Saxon country, I now see these biases in clear relief. For example, in Anglo-Saxon countries we don't believe that the poor merit dignity... We don't believe in fair pay for workers; we feel guilty for taking time-off, for taking vacations. Anglo-Saxon countries value cheapness, and do not embrace beauty as a worthwhile public value. For example, spending tax payer dollars on beautiful public architecture is fraught with recriminations and judgements. It's not a Protestant thing, because I am in a Protestant country, and the different attitude towards rights is shocking. No, the biases are squarely Anglo-Saxon. (and the root of the divide between Quebec and the rest of Canada).
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Wray & Nephew rum sales surpass $6b at half-year
Published:Tuesday | August 7, 2018 | 12:00 AMSteven Jackson/Senior Business Reporter
The entrance to the Joy Spence Appleton Estate Rum Experience on the Appleton Estate owned and operated by J. Wray & Nephew Limited in St Elizabeth.
Sales of the Jamaica rum brands owned by Campari Group rose above €38 million ($6.1 billion) over six months ending June.
Through J. Wray & Nephew Limited, JWN, Campari holds the largest stake in the local market and as such, the performance of its brands, led by Appleton and Wray & Nephew, gives a measure of the activity in the overall rum sector.
Campari said Jamaica's sales increased 14.8 per cent in the first half of the year "thanks to the double-digit growth recorded in the period by all the main brands, such as Campari, Wray & Nephew Overproof, Appleton Estate and other rums and local brands, especially Magnum Tonic".
After factoring exchange rate movements, sales growth for Jamaica shrank to 4.5 per cent, the Italian company indicated in its earnings report.
The Jamaica market at €38.4 million, grew from €36.8 million a year earlier and remains the second-largest market in the Americas for Campari behind the United States, which generated €209.3 million. Canada generated €23 million, Brazil €16 million, and Argentina €11.4 million.
Globally, the Jamaica rums portfolio represented 5.1 per cent of total sales for Campari group. Sales from the local rum portfolio are up globally, but sales of the group are down some 4.4 per cent to €778.2 million as at June 2018. Despite the dip in sales, group net profit before tax increased to €166 million, up from €108.5 million a year earlier.
Slight negative performance
"Despite the good result in the United States and Jamaica, Appleton Estate recorded a slightly negative performance, mainly due to a slowdown in orders in Canada," said Campari.
"Wray & Nephew Overproof recorded a good result in the first half, thanks to healthy performances in Jamaica, the brand's core market, the US and the UK," the spirits company said.
Within the Americas, Jamaica's double-digit growth was only bettered in Mexico, where sales rose 16.1 per cent.
"The Americas region closed the first half with organic growth of 4.6 per cent driven by good performances by the US, up 5.9 per cent; Jamaica, up 14.8 per cent; Mexico, 16.1 per cent and other markets in the Americas region, which made up for the decline in Brazil and Argentina," said Campari.
JWN operates an estate in St Elizabeth, where it grows cane and distils rum. With reference to the ongoing legal case by fish farm operator Algix Jamaica Limited, claiming damage from effluent from the Appleton Estate, Campari said that it made no provision in its financials for the US$23 million ($3.1-billion) lawsuit.
"The company, supported by its own legal advisers, maintains that there is no causal link between its activities and the losses alleged to have been suffered by Algix Jamaica Limited, and that the claim for damages therefore appears groundless, both in terms of substance and quantification of damages," Campari said.
The lawsuit was filed by Algix in December 2015.
steven.jackson@gleanerjm.com
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iCarly et Victorious : Le face à face est un épisode en trois parties de la série télévisée iCarly réalisé par Dan Schneider en 2011 (saison 4 (2010-2011))
C'est un univers où Victorious et iCarly se rencontrent. Cet épisode a été diffusé pour la première fois en  aux États-Unis, une version longue avec plusieurs scènes supprimées inédites est sortie en  à la suite du grand succès connu par la première version, le rendant épisode en quatre parties.

En France, l'épisode a été diffusé pour la première fois le , mais seule la version normale semble avoir été traduite.

Synopsis

Carly est très heureuse de son nouveau petit ami, Steven, qui passe sa vie entre Seattle avec sa mère et à Los Angeles avec son père, mais il se révèle que ce dernier est aussi le petit ami d'une fille de Los Angeles, Tori, ce que Carly refuse de croire. Lorsque André, l'ami de Tori, a le droit d'organiser une fête dans la nouvelle maison de Kenan Thompson, le groupe d'iCarly décide d'y aller, sous chirurgie esthétique grâce à Moni, une ancienne copine de Spencer pour retrouver Steven, à la suite d'un tweet de Rex, une marionnette ventriloque de Robbie. Une fois à la fête, Carly finit par le retrouver et s'apercevoir que cette histoire est vraie. Le groupe d'iCarly met Tori au courant de cette histoire et parviennent à se venger de Steven avec l'aide de Kenan sur iCarly.

Spencer souffre d'un mal de dos après avoir dû faire une sculpture de radios et se retrouvera dans le jacuzzi de la maison, où il rencontrera Beck et Jade.

Gibby n'a pas eu de chirurgie, mais simplement un déguisement comportant un grain de beauté, qu'il cherchera après l'avoir perdu. Mark, un garçon présent à la fête, le reconnaitra, mais Gibby l'assomme pour éviter leur plan de rater. On suppose ensuite que Gibby passe la fête à chercher son grain de beauté puisqu'il est absent jusqu'à la scène finale.

À la suite du tweet de Rex, la fête est rendue publique et beaucoup de gens s'y trouvent, André tente bien que mal de gérer la fête et d'arrêter un homme déguisé en panda et frappant les derrières des gens avec une raquette de tennis. Kenan finit par venir à la fête et rassure André, car autant de monde signifie toujours "une petite fête" pour lui. Ce dernier connait très bien l'homme dans le panda, qui l'a suivi pendant trois ans, il cherchera lui aussi à l'attraper.

Au cours de la fête, Robbie détruit par accident le système, ce qui aura comme effet l'organisation de concours de rap dans laquelle il participera par l'intermédiaire de Rex. Rex parvient à avoir plusieurs victoires, mais Sam l'affronte et gagne, mettant fin à la compétition.

Beck et Jade décident de profiter de la fête pour aller au jacuzzi, où ils retrouvent Spencer. Sikowitz, leur prof, s'y retrouvera aussi en cherchant à effrayer Beck pour son cours de tragédie. Leur temps passé dans le jacuzzi sera involontairement interrompu par Sinjin, qui jouait à un jeu de surf qui a mal fonctionné et qui l'a propulsé dans le jacuzzi.

Cat souffre d'un problème de gorge et ne doit pas parler. Elle obtient donc un bandeau parleur, lisant les messages qu'elle écrit sur son téléphone. Finalement, Cat parvient à s'exprimer en chantant, car le docteur lui a simplement déconseillé de parler.

Trina doit garder les enfants d'un ami de Lane, Morgan et Wilson, en ayant oublié la fête en acceptant, elle décide alors de les amener à la fête en laisse pour ça. Cependant, les enfants s'enfuient après que Trina les a confiés à Cat, et Lane les retrouvera près des poubelles. Trina parvient à éviter temporairement la punition en laissant Lane dehors.

La fête se termine par un karaoké sur un mash-up de "Leave it all to Me", le thème d'iCarly, et "Make it Shine", le thème de Victorious, qui devient "Leave it all to Shine", chanté par les personnages des deux séries.

Distribution

iCarly

 Miranda Cosgrove:  : Carly Shay
 Jennette McCurdy :  : Samantha Puckett
 Nathan Kress :  : Freddie Benson
 Jerry Trainor :  Spencer Shay
 Noah Munck :  : Gibby Gibson
 Mary Scheer : Marissa Benson
 David St. James : . Howard

Victorious

 Victoria Justice : Tori Vega
 Leon Thomas III : André Harris
 Matt Bennett : Robbie Shapiro
 Elizabeth Gillies : Jade West
 Ariana Grande : Cat Valentine
 Avan Jogia : Beck Oliver
 Daniella Monet : Trina Vega
 Jake Farrow : Rex Powers (voix)
 Michael Reid : Sinjin Van Cleef
 Eric Lange : Erwin Sikowitz
 Lane Napper : Lane Alexander
 Marco Aiello : Festus (version longue uniquement)
 Marilyn Harris : Charlotte Harris

Pour l'épisode

 Kenan Thompson : son propre rôle
 Cameron Deane Stewart : Steven Carson
 Leon Thomas II : le panda
 Cierra Russell : Morgan/Mabel
 Walt Shoen : Wilson
 Kwame Patterson : DJ Mustang
 Justin Castor : Mark
 Dabier : Premier adversaire de Rex
 Austin Crow : Deuxième adversaire de Rex (version longue)
 Jen Lilley : Moni
 Wesley Quinn : Danseur (version longue)
 Jazmine Antico : Danseuse (version longue)
 Donald Fisher : Sinjin Van Cleef (cascade)
 Matt Kelly : Rusty (figuration hors version longue)

Concours

Après la première diffusion de l'épisode, un concours a été organisé, dont les prix sont le bracelet de Carly, les radios de la sculpture de Spencer et le bandeau parleur de Cat. Ce concours ne semble avoir eu lieu qu'aux États-Unis. Les questions et réponses, écrites par Dan Schneider, sont ici traduites:

 Question 1 : Dans l'épisode, deux personnages mentionnent de la soupe. Qui sont-ils ?
 Réponse : Cat et Jade. Cat dit le mot après avoir eu son bandeau dans la version originale et Jade parle de soupe quand elle parle du jacuzzi.

 Question 2 : Quelle émission de télé des années 1970 est mentionnée ?
 Réponse : Laverne et Shirley, durant la bataille de rap entre Sam & Rex dans la version originale. Rex nomme Sam "Laverne" et Sam appelle Rex "Shirley"
 Note: The Muppet Show était accepté, car il y a une référence plus petite dans la bataille de rap dans la version originale également car Sam utilise le mot "muppet" pour désigner Rex.

 Question 3 : Il y a des références à deux de mes anciennes émissions. Quelles émissions ?
 Réponse : All That et Drake & Josh. All That est mentionné dans la version originale par Kenan Thompson lorsqu'il liste les personnes lui ayant demandé de l'argent et la casquette de Gibby contient le logo de Drake & Josh.
 Note : Plusieurs personnes ont pensé à Kenan & Kel, parce que Kenan joue dans l'épisode, mais cette émission n'est pas référencée.

 Question 4 : Deux personnages portent des t-shirts avec le symbole de la paix. Lesquels ?
 Réponse : Carly et Morgan, qui les portent à la fête

 Question 5 : Trois sites internet finissant par ".com" sont mentionnés. Lesquels ?
 Réponse: iCarly.com, TheSlap.com et TweenPants.com, dans la version originale, qui a été aussi mentionné dans "La mère de Sam".

 Question 6 : Si vous avez vu tout l'épisode, vous verrez deux personnages avoir des corn-dogs. Lesquels ?
 Réponse: Beck et Jade, grâce au générique d'introduction de l'épisode.
 Note : Dans la version longue, Spencer, Sikowitz, Morgan et Wilson en ont également, mais dans la version normale, ils ne les ont pas, ni Beck et Jade, pour rendre la question plus difficile.

 Question 7 : Combien de followers a Rex ?
 Réponse : 68143.

Musiques

Miranda Cosgrove & Drake Bell - Leave It All To Me

Victoria Justice - Make It Shine

Miranda Cosgrove, Victoria Justice, Jennette McCurdy, Nathan Kress, Jerry Trainor, Noah Munck, Leon Thomas III, Matt Bennett, Elizabeth Gillies, Ariana Grande, Avan Jogia, Daniella Monet - Leave It All To Shine

Service Group - Summer Sunn

Niki Watkins - The Joke Is On You

Ginger Fox (personnage de l'épisode d'iCarly "La pop star" - Number One

The Orion Experience - Queen of White Lies

Ariana Grande et Elizabeth Gillies - Give It Up

Backhouse Mike - Take me back

Différences de doublage

 Morgan est nommée Mabel en version originale.
 Le bandeau de Cat a une voix plus robotique dans la version française.
 Rex dit qu'il a enlevé Robbie de ses contacts, ce qui le fait passer de 21 à 20 contacts. dans la version originale, il passe de 14 à 13 (le numéro malchanceux)
 Dans la version originale, Robbie est appelé à deux reprises par quelqu'un de la foule « Samberg », car Matt Bennett est souvent comparé physiquement à Andy Samberg.
 Dans la version originale, Kenan dit qu'Andy Samberg et la moitié du casting de All That, ancienne émission de Dan Schneider, lui ont demandé de l'argent.
 Après avoir reçu son bandeau, Cat dit « Super ». Dans la version originale, elle prononce le mot « Soupe ».
 Bien que Nathan Kress et Noah Munch soient grands dans cet épisode ils ont les voix qui ont eu dans les premières saisons de la série

Anecdotes

 L'épisode est seulement compté comme un épisode d'iCarly, pas comme un épisode, d'où le titre original, « iParty with Victorious » (iFête avec Victorious). Cependant, le nom français donne le nom des deux séries avant le titre commun « le face à face », aussi, au Royaume-Uni, l'épisode est juste nommé « iParty » (iFête), ce qui signifie que l'épisode peu aussi être compté comme un épisode de Victorious.
 L'épisode a été traduit en français plus tôt que les autres dû à sa particularité. Ainsi, Freddie et Gibby ont leur voix jeunes des deux premières saisons, bien que Nathan Kress et Noah Munck aient grandis.
 Sam Puckett et Cat Valentine se rencontreront à nouveau dans Sam et Cat
 C'est le seul épisode dont le générique n'utilise pas la scène de l'épisode d'iCarly "Que le spectacle commence", où Carly est à la fête des chapeaux.
 Il s'agit du premier cross-over fait par Dan Schneider.
 . Howard réapparaît dans cet épisode après une certaine absence dans la série.
 Avan Jogia a dit qu'il a dû recouvrir un tatouage pour les scènes du jacuzzi
 C'est la seconde fois que le groupe d'iCarly va à Los Angeles après "iCarly contre Dingo Channel".
 La chaussette de beurre de Sam fait sa deuxième apparition depuis l'épisode mentionné précédemment.
 Cet épisode montre presque Socko, l'ami de Spencer, qui n'a jamais été vu à l'écran.
 C'est le seul épisode à avoir son propre générique.
 Il s'agit du quatrième épisode d'iCarly à avoir une version longue après "Que le spectacle commence", "On passe à la télé", "Je l'ai vu la première" et "Freddie, mon héros". C'est aussi le deuxième épisode sur Victorious à avoir une version longue après "Bienvenue à Hollywood Arts"
 La version longue de l'épisode est l'épisode d'iCarly le plus long.
 La version longue n'est jamais sortie en DVD, il semble aussi qu'elle n'a jamais été traduite.
 Le tableau de canards jouant au poker est une parodie de "Dogs playing poker"
 Sam dit que Tori ressemble à Shelby Marx, car toutes les deux sont jouées par Victoria Justice. Cependant, la même logique ne leur a pas fait dire qu'André ressemble à Harper, de "On passe à la télé" car tous les deux sont jouées pas Leon Thomas III, ou que Trina ressemble à la fille populaire de "La psychopathe", car toutes les deux sont jouées par Daniella Monet
 Ariana Grande ne parle que quatre fois dans l'épisode, ses autres moyens d'expression sont l'écriture, son bandeau parleur et le chant.
 Les deux séries, iCarly et Victorious, sont arrivées à leur fin, mais elles ont un spin-off commun, Sam & Cat.
 La présentation de la version longue de l'épisode par Noah Munck, Matt Bennett et Daniella Monet finit en révélant qui est dans le panda. Il s'agit de T-Bo, d'iCarly. Ce pouvait avoir été écrit dès le début ou non, mais cela expliquerait l'absence de ce personnage récurrent d'iCarly de l'épisode. Cependant, on ne sait pas pourquoi T-Bo a suivi Kenan pendant trois ans, ni comment le panda se retrouve à nouveau dans Victorious dans l'épisode "La retenue du samedi matin" s'il s'agit de T-Bo.
 Plusieurs personnes ont pensé que l'homme dans le panda était Kel Mitchell, à la suite de Kenan & Kel.
 La scène où DJ Mustang jette le micro à Carly est une allusion possible au générique de Victorious où Tori reçoit un micro.
 Jennette Mc Curdy (Sam)et Ariana Grande (Cat) ont toutes les deux la même date d'anniversaire, . Jennette est cependant âgée d'un an de plus.
 Les 12 personnages principaux des deux séries font une parité: 6 garçons (Freddie, Spencer, Gibby, André, Robbie et Beck) et 6 filles (Carly, Sam, Tori, Jade, Cat et Trina).
 La voix française de Steven et la voix que Gibby obtiendra plus tard à partir de la saison 3.

Erreurs

 Le nom de Steven est parfois confondu pour Stephen.
 Trina participe à "Leave it all to Shine", alors qu'elle chante mal.
 C'est parce que Daniella Monet sait très bien chanter, mais doit chanter faux pour son personnage. Incarnant un personnage principal, elle devait pouvoir participer à la chanson.
 Beck dit que rien ne peut l'effrayer, mais il y a quelques contradictions à cela dans Victorious.
 On peut entendre "Give it up" à la fête, chanté par Jade et Cat, alors que ces dernières ne le chantent pas à la fête, ce qui signifie que quelqu'un l'a enregistré.
 Carly et Tori modifient légèrement la phrase que Steven leur a dit en leur donnant leurs bracelets, en disant "tout comme toi" au lieu de "comme toi".
 Bien que Robbie ait détruit le système, on entend toujours de la musique jusqu'à ce que Carly, Sam et Freddie n'enlèvent leur chirurgies. On entend aussi de la musique quand Steven se dirige vers le placard.
 Sauf si Sam a pris le beurre dans la maison, elle ne pourrait pas utiliser sa chaussette car le beurre aurait perdu une partie de sa consistance.
 Trina appelle André par son prénom, alors qu'elle le confond toujours pour Andrew, Andy, ou elle l'appelle "ami de Tori".
 Sam a un téléphone bleu dans la transition, mais il devient noir ensuite.
 Quand Sinjin est projeté vers le jacuzzi, il est renversé sur le dos, mais il tombe dans le jacuzzi sur le ventre.
 Robbie est logiquement un bon rappeur s'il contrôle Rex.
 Ce pouvait avoir été volontaire, puisque Rex est parfois vu comme une partie cool de Robbie, il peut avoir besoin de lui pour exprimer ses talents de rappeur.
 On ne sait pas pourquoi le jeu auquel joue Sinjin fonctionne mal.
 On ne sait pas d'où viennent les corn-dogs que mangent Spencer, Sikowitz, Beck, Jade, Morgan et Wilson.
 Notamment pour Morgan et Wilson, si quelqu'un leur a donnés des corn-dogs, il ne les aurait pas laissés partir puisqu'ils sont de jeunes enfants dans une fête.
 Tori dit qu'elle a uriné de peur à cause de Sikowitz, mais ses vêtements ne sont pas mouillés.
 À certaines occasions pour des gags, le bandeau de Cat parle après que la phrase est écrite, alors qu'ils prononcent les mots après qu'ils sont tapés.

Il est possible qu'elle ait fait une mauvaise manipulation sur son application pour provoquer cela.

Quand Tori et ses amis mangent la frite que tient Tori change de taille a plusieurs reprises.

Lien externe

Références

ICarly
Épisode crossover

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Learn why Redwood Credit Union is a smart choice for banking services in the North Bay and San Francisco. Our values include service, trust, people and cooperation.
Learn more about how credit unions differ from banks, and how you can benefit from becoming a Credit Union Member. Learn about credit union advocacy.
Redwood Credit Union (RCU) is committed to keeping our Members informed and up-to-date on important Credit Union news, information and specials.
As a socially conscious organization, Redwood Credit Union is committed to earth-friendly business practices that benefit the environment for generations to come.
Go to Shared Branch & ATMs Access
Explore our Security Center to learn more about fraud, with information about the latest scams and how you can safeguard your information.
Go to Security Center
Redwood Review Winter 2020. Happy New Year from RCU! A Publication for Members of Redwood Credit Union. CEO Message, Holiday Budget, Security Tips and International Credit Union Day.
Go to Redwood Review
< Additional About RCU
About RCU/
Press Room/
Your source for official RCU news and information
Read our latest press releases and news updates
Find helpful resources and contact our responsive PR team
Redwood Credit Union Names Andy Ramos Senior Vice President of Member Engagement
Andy Ramos leads RCU's member service experience
Santa Rosa, CA - Redwood Credit Union (RCU) welcomes back Andy Ramos as senior vice president of member engagement. In his new role, Ramos will help ensure that RCU maintains its long-standing reputation for personalized service, partnership, and passion for helping members succeed.
Ramos formerly worked for RCU for many years, serving as regional branch manager, assistant vice president of sales and service, and senior vice president of member experience. He left the position to work for Key Point Credit Union as its executive vice president and chief retail officer.
Having returned as senior vice president of member engagement, Ramos oversees the overall service experience for RCU members, ensuring exceptional and positive interactions. He leads the team in forming partnerships as branches are opened in new communities and also serves as ambassador to RCU's Latino membership.
"Our members are the owners of our credit union, and our mission is to serve their best interests," said Cynthia Negri, chief operating officer. "Andy has put members first at every stage of his 15-plus years with RCU. We are thrilled to have him take the helm of member engagement."
The Santa Rosa resident holds a master's degree in business and organizational leadership from Chapman University, and a bachelor's degree in business administration from California State University, Monterey Bay. Ramos is a 2012 Leadership Santa Rosa graduate and has received numerous leadership recognitions, including a 2017 Credit Union National Association "Rock Star" Award and a 2007 Spirit of Sonoma County Award.
About Redwood Credit Union
Founded in 1950, Redwood Credit Union is a full-service financial institution providing personal and business banking to consumers and businesses in the North Bay and San Francisco. RCU offers complete financial services including checking and savings accounts, auto and home loans, credit cards, online and mobile banking, business services, commercial and SBA lending, and more. Wealth management and investment services are available through CUSO Financial Services L.P., and through RCU Services Group (RCU's wholly owned subsidiary), insurance and auto-purchasing services are also available. RCU has over $4.7 billion in assets and serves more than 344,000 members with full-service branches from San Francisco to Ukiah, plus more than 30,000 fee-free network ATMs nationwide. For more information, call 1 (800) 479-7928, visit redwoodcu.org, or follow RCU on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter for news and updates.
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Family History is exactly that, the story of a family through history.
Family historians want to know WHO their ancestors were, WHERE, WHEN and HOW they lived, WHAT they did and WHY they did it. They look a name on their family tree and wonder what that person was like, were they respected, was he/she an ordinary person or someone special. If a convict, what was their crime, but more importantly, why did they turn to crime? After their time in jail was up, did they live a lawful life? How? With whom? We're a nosy lot!
Why do we do this? For most of us, it is a desire to know where we came from; how we came to be the person that we are. We want to know the people who passed on to us their genes, appearance, personality and values. If we know where we have come from, we know better where we are going.
Genealogy is defined by the Oxford dictionary as "A line of descent traced continuously from an ancestor." Traditionally Genealogists use vital records and sound documentary evidence to trace back from a single individual to their earliest recorded ancestor in a direct line. The usual recording device is a Family Tree. The emphasis is often on how many generations there are on the tree; how high it has grown, and how many branches there are; how wide it is spread. Names and dates are the focus.
Trees are not the predominant interest, it's the fruit on the tree that's important.
Neither of these approaches can stand alone. Family Historians need to practice good genealogical research. They need to follow the basic principles of genealogy in order to find the fruit and examine it. Family History brings another dimension to genealogy. It enriches it.
As we set off in a search of the family members who lived in the past, we need to turn first to the Basic Principles of Genealogical Research. Along the way, we can take pride in our ancestors' achievements and ensure that those who come after us know their heritage and why we, as a family, are the way we are.


This cmdlet retrieves cloud media.
This cmdlet retrieves cloud media. You can filter the returned media by name, ID, catalog, and user.
Retrieves the cloud media devices with the provided IDs.
Retrieves the cloud media devices with the provided names.
Retrieves media from the cloud catalog named Catalog1.


text:
70 years and no snow closure
Posted: 11 April 2011 | Craig Toomey, Canadian Freelance Business Writer | No comments yet
Montreal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport's winter operations have kept the airport open regardless of weather conditions and become the envy of snowbound airports around the world.
The winter of 2010-2011 will go down as one of the toughest ever for airports in Europe and North America. Heavy snow, ice storms and freezing temperatures wreaked havoc on flight operations on both sides of the Atlantic. In some cases, they forced the complete shutdown of major airport hubs.
The disruption of travel plans for thousands of passengers led to widespread criticism that the airports were not properly prepared for the harsh weather conditions. This has put renewed pressure on airport authorities to revisit their snow removal procedures and winter contingency plans.
For several of the airport operators, these efforts include contacting Aéroports de Montreal (ADM), operator of Montreal-Trudeau and Montreal-Mirabel international airports in Canada and a recognised world-leader in snow removal.
ADM's expertise in snow removal is much sought after because it has a remarkable track record for uninterrupted winter operations. "In our 70 years of operation, Montreal-Trudeau has never had to close because of snow," affirms Normand Boivin, Vice-President, Airport Operations, ADM. "And keep in mind that we receive an average 220 centimetres of the white stuff a year, more than any other major airport in North America. In the winter of 2007-2008, almost 370 centimetres of snow fell on our city but we always kept the runways open."
ADM has received several awards over the years for its snow-clearing expertise, including two Balchen/Post Awards for Excellence in the Performance of Airport Snow and Ice Control from the American Association of Airport Executives. The secret to its success, says Boivin, is a proven winter operations formula that combines best practices, advanced tools and experience. "You can have the best equipment in the world, but you need to know what to do with it," he notes. "You need the right forecasting tools, the right procedures and the right instincts. We were born in the snow so have the experience that few others can claim in this field."
Nearly 60 events a year
Montreal-Trudeau's snow removal team, composed of about 40 permanent employees and 70 seasonal workers, is responsible for clearing more than 1.1 million m2 worth of apron, runways and taxiways – equivalent to driving 300 km. It tackles an average 57 snow events per winter. Together, these storms produce some 600,000 tonnes of snow that has to be hauled from the tarmac area each year in huge super trucks five times the size of normal dump trucks.
The team carries out this task with military precision, employing advanced technology tools, a modern fleet of snow removal equipment, and highly specific procedures to get the job done. "No two storms are alike so you really need to have systems in place that are both effective and flexible," says Boivin.
The process begins with weather forecasting. "We start preparing as much as 24 hours before a forecasted event, but check again 12 hours prior since weather conditions can change rapidly," says Boivin. "And because forecasts can be wrong, and storms under- or over-estimated, experience and instinct often play a role."
Snow removal teams are called in depending on the severity of the anticipated weather event. ADM's fine-tuned winter operations then go into action. These are controlled from a high-tech 'snow desk' that has a good vantage point for airfield operations and is equipped with sophisticated 'Winter Ops' software for call management and data handling.
"As soon as trace snow is found on the runways we dispatch the equipment," explains Boivin. "And we take friction measurements as soon as a runway is cleaned because you cannot have any contaminated surfaces." ADM uses the latest GPS and GIS systems to collect this friction, temperature and runway condition information in real time. The data is then sent to all stakeholders, including air navigation services provider NAV CANADA which provides it to airline pilots for takeoffs and landings.
Renewed fleet
Two years ago, ADM renewed most of the fleet of heavy equipment it uses for winter maintenance of the runways and aircraft manoeuvring areas at Montreal-Trudeau.
With twice the snow removal capacity of the old fleet, crews can now clear a 3,413m runway in 12 minutes. What's more, the time it takes for an entire snow clearing operation has been pared to 25 minutes – 20 minutes faster than with the old fleet. "Combined with our new snow removal techniques, this equipment gives NAV CANADA more time to land aircraft, reduces the frequency of ground stops and saves aircraft fuel. So everyone is benefiting – the airport, airlines, passengers and the environment," explains Boivin. "It took our staff some time to adapt to the new technology and operation of the vehicles but now they would never want to go back!"
The newly acquired machines include eight Oshkosh snow tractors, each equipped with a 7.32m wide plough in front and a 6.71m wide tow-behind broom. In comparison, the ploughbrooms on the old tractors were 4.27m wide. Also added were new snow blowers capable of blowing 5,000 tonnes of snow an hour, or nearly 50% more than the older machines.
In addition, Montreal-Trudeau purchased a new Tyler Ice liquid de-icer spreader capable of covering a 30.48m wide swath. The Tyler machine uses potassium acetate instead of urea, which had been found to deplete oxygen in runoff water, and boasts a tank capacity of 12,000 litres. It plays an especially important role in preparing airport surfaces before and during freezing or icy conditions.
This snow removal fleet is dispatched according to a clear set of priorities and based on the operational requirements of Montreal- Trudeau's three main sectors of activity: domestic, transborder (Canada/US) and international flights. "The airport's two main runways are cleaned on an alternating basis to ensure optimal fluidity," notes Boivin. "And if the snowfall is very heavy, the cleaning is pretty much continuous." Snow type (fluffy, wet, sticky, etc.) or freezing rain conditions are constantly monitored since these can affect the manoeuvres required and spreads employed, such as liquid potassium acetate (freezing rain) or granular sodium formate (snow).
ADM has also invested heavily in GIS/GPS technology to ensure safer and more efficient airfield operations. For example, in low visibility conditions, Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting (ARFF) vehicles and the Oshkosh snow fleet use a real-time GPS moving map display. This allows vehicle operators to see their respective location on the airfield and navigate to a known point (such as an aircraft) with audible and visual guidance. "GPS enhances the ability for vehicle operators to remain aware of their location and safely navigate during mission critical situations, such as aircraft retrieval," explains Boivin.
ADM's snow desk can also track the location of the entire snow fleet both in real-time and for historical purposes from specific desktop computer locations using Asset Tracking and Incursion Management (ATIM) technology. The same platform allows for the creation and set up of airfield geo zones, such as an area before a hold line. This can trigger an in-vehicle reminder to the vehicle operator that he/she is approaching a critical area on the airfield and can help to avoid hazardous incursions.
One of the biggest challenges Montreal- Trudeau faces is keeping areas around aircraft clean during a heavy snow storm while it is being serviced for departure or approaching a gate. "We have been adapting our equipment and using small sweepers and other devices to safely work around the aircraft," says Boivin. By leveraging ATIM technology and maintaining constant communication with on-site team leaders, the snow desk can assign snow clearing and or chemical requirements to specific vehicles and then capture and record the progress in both real-time and for post event review.
ADM has also recently acquired an automated Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system to count the number of dump truck loads and tally the volume of snow being hauled to its on-site dump. "Traditionally we used to post an employee at the snow dump to manually count the trucks entering and estimate the volume of snow they delivered," explains Boivin. "But this took up significant manpower and led in some cases to an overreporting of snow deliveries by dump contractors." Now, the RFID system is allowing ADM to accurately determine the volume of snow (approx. 4,000 m3 per hour) while saving manpower requirements, resulting in significant cost savings.
Unlike many airports in Europe and the United States, Montreal-Trudeau has been experiencing a relatively easy 2010-2011 winter in terms of snowfall, with 152 cm of snow and 39 events recorded as of mid-February. "We've had a lot of small snowfalls, which still require extensive intervention," notes Boivin. "But overall operations have been running very smoothly. And with our renewed fleet, dedicated staff and seven decades of experience, we are confident we can handle almost any event that comes along for the next many years."
De-icing operations a key element of Montreal-Trudeau's success
De-icing airplanes is a vital procedure for airline safety in the winter and a critical component of Montreal-Trudeau Airport's winter operations. It involves spraying a fluid, usually a heated glycol and water mixture, to remove frost, ice or snow from aircraft surfaces prior to takeoff. Crews in de-icing trucks with cranes on top spray the aircraft, usually in de-icing bays.
Montreal-Trudeau's de-icing facility, opened in 1997, has five de-icing bays supported by 20 de-icing trucks capable of servicing up to 30 aircraft an hour. About 7,000 aircraft are de-iced every season. Nearly $40 million has been invested in the construction of a new centre that allows used de-icing fluids to be recovered via a system of underground pipes, thereby protecting nearby streams.
In addition, de-icing trucks are now equipped with state of the art technology, including sensors, to achieve more targeted delivery of de-icer and increase their effectiveness. This reduces the quantity of deicer used while ensuring compliance with the most stringent safety standards.
Since a certain proportion of de-icer can be recycled, ADM and its partners are currently working to implement a system to recover and recycle the product, and potentially re-use it in the de-icing process.
Craig Toomey is a freelance writer who has been writing about the aerospace industry for more than 20 years. He is a former business reporter for the Montreal Gazette and also worked as a journalist for The Canadian Press. He is based in Montreal, Canada.
Winter operations
We rock all winter long!
By Janne Rostén
Solidarity in winter operations at Paris-Charles-de-Gaulle Airport
By Alain Gabry, Mathieu Rondel
Optimising winter operations through use of data
By Henri Hansson
Rezcomm Reservations – Product Overview
By Rezcomm


Hello! I am Grant and I am currently trying to get into DOS gaming after playing many games from the era such as the Goldbox AD&D games all the way up to Quake and TES II: Daggerfall in DOSBox. However, I am planning on purchasing a machine from Ebay from about the late 90s era. I am primarily looking for a machine with a Pentium 120 and an original 8mb Voodoo card. I have found a machine that meets what I'm looking for on ebay: A HP Vectra VL Series 3 5/120. However, I can't find any info about the machine online. Once again, I am new and don't really know where to look, but I feel I should have found something about. This wouldn't be a HUGE concern if it weren't for the fact that the machine only has an integrated 1mb videocard and I don't know how to tell if it is compatible with a Voodoo or even if it's upgradable at ALL. Once again, these questions are probably quite noobish, but I'm pretty out of my element here. Anyway, If someone could help me find information about the machine, or really give me any tips at all would be appreciated.
I don't know if you'll find a Voodoo card in a machine, unless you get really lucky. You might have better luck finding a general computer and trying to find the Voodoo card alone, later. I've done things like that trying to setup "real" sound blasters, etc., not that it's really necessary for sound. And it sounds like you're already working that plan.
Were the Voodoo 2 and 3 cards backwards compatible to the original Voodoo? I don't recall, and at least one had to be used alongside a "regular" video card, it only did the 3d - but you can look up the details. I've gotten rusty on the topic.
Other than that, can you ask the seller to take a picture of the inside of the case, if there isn't one already? That can quickly tell you if it's a normal expandable box, or if it's something custom and difficult to expand like some Dells and AST and so forth used to make. If it's a normal desktop/tower box, you should be fine. If it's a "compact desktop" or similar, they are harder to expand or take special hardware.
And, though others may correct me, a 1 meg video card in a dos machine sounds pretty good! Dos itself only had 1 meg to work with, after all... But no doubt that late in the hardware cycle you've probably got 4 or 16 MB in the machine, usable to dos games as 32 bit expander or XMS.
You should be able to find a list (and arguments) about the best Dos video card to get; the specs on that could help you judge the one in that box.
edit: wow, I see a lot of 3DFx VooDoo card flavors on ebay at the moment. Very cool! That should be no problem to pick up.
The thing I find most difficult now is getting the bios to recognise larger ATA harddisks - there is a limit to 8GB on this one, anything larger it just hangs. Disks are mechanical and rather sensitive; two of my old drives died from overheating since the original box was rather poorly ventilated and I had three drives in it.
I have dealt with some good ATAs in the past. The only problem is it is hard to find except on eBays these days. Now they are modern and that stinks. However I would put the speed to 4.33 or 8 MHz for really tweaking my brains for the nops etc. I would not care too much about the age however ask the seller directly if it works and check the reputation. If you get an honest answer you should be good to go!
Hey! I need those drivers.


text:
Q: Deleting Records in database through kafka jdbc connector I am trying to connect Kafka connector with database using confluent kafka jdbc connector.
I can do insert and update the records from one database to another, but when I try to delete the records, the deleted records are not reflecting into target db. I mean synchronization of records(deleted records) are not deleted from target database.

A: You won't be able to until this gets merged
https://github.com/confluentinc/kafka-connect-jdbc/pull/282

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
NerdWallet: Home renovations won't get easier or cheaper this year, but that doesn't mean you should wait
This article is reprinted by permission from NerdWallet.
The pandemic wreaked a specific kind of havoc on home remodeling. Swelling demand for construction projects collided with material and labor shortages, creating a home improvement traffic jam that has lasted into 2022.
"The pandemic threw a very large wrench into everything, but in particular housing," says Abbe Will, associate project director of the Remodeling Futures Program within Harvard's Joint Center for Housing Studies.
Renovating could be as expensive and stressful a process this year as it was in 2021. With the Federal Reserve expected to increase the federal funds rate several more times this year — a move that drives up interest rates — financing a renovation may seem even less appealing.
Here's what difficult remodeling conditions mean for home improvers this season and how to prepare.
Also see: New-home construction improves as builders work through backlog of permits — but they face pressure from inflation, labor shortages and rising rates
Expect supplies to remain low
This year, it may be difficult to find a contractor and the materials to do a remodel. Once you do, both will probably cost more than they did before the pandemic.
Workers and materials are in short supply, which has a big role in rising costs. Neither issue is expected to be resolved this year, says Paul Emrath, vice president of survey and housing policy research with the National Association of Home Builders.
The construction industry has a labor problem that predates the pandemic, Emrath says, but it was exacerbated as workers quit or became sick and unable to work at job sites in the last two years. That means even as people return to work, there will still probably be too few construction workers.
Building materials faced a new problem during the pandemic. Supply chain issues that rippled through many industries created an unprecedented materials shortage in which all building materials were in short supply at once, Emrath says.
Materials shortages are the biggest driver of higher remodeling costs. Easing supply chain issues could lower costs; however, "no one really expects that to happen for materials in 2022," he says.
Check out: A Completely Modernized 1950s House in Highland Park, Texas, is Headed to the Market for Almost $8 Million
Homeowner demand could taper
The pandemic triggered "phenomenal demand" for remodeling projects, which has increased each quarter since the end of 2020, Will says.
Last year, remodeling spending rose 9% year over year, and it's projected to rise 17% this year, according to Will. Historical average annual growth is about 5%. Will attributes the growth to many factors, including employees working from home, delayed projects from 2020, aging homes, nesting new homeowners and natural disaster preparation.
But spending could grow more slowly toward the end of the year as borrowing against equity becomes a less attractive option. Home values are expected to steadily rise, rather than skyrocket, meaning homeowners won't accrue equity as quickly as they did before. At the same time, Will says the Fed's expected rate hikes will raise rates on home equity loans and lines of credit.
"Higher interest rates for homeowners who are interested in tapping their home equity or using other financing methods could cut back on some of that demand, which then relieves some of this pressure," Will says.
Related: How to avoid decision fatigue when remodeling
How to plan your remodel this season
Neither Will nor Emrath sees a reason to delay a renovation in hopes that it will be easier or cheaper next year. In fact, Emrath says rising rates could be a signal to start a remodel sooner than later if you plan to finance it.
Will's advice to remodeling homeowners: Be flexible with materials and your timeline.
"Have some patience working with contractors and getting on their schedule, and be as flexible as you can be when they might be able to start work with you," she says.
A delayed project could be an opportunity to build your remodeling savings. Paying in cash for discretionary and non-urgent purchases is a better alternative than going into debt for them, says Jay Zigmont, a Mississippi-based certified financial planner. It's also an interest-free financing option.
If you choose to finance, look for the least expensive borrowing option, Zigmont says.
Right now, that may still be equity financing, which often has single-digit annual percentage rates. A home equity line of credit could work well for a project with a changing timeline, because you can draw money as you need it.
Personal loans are available for homeowners with little or no equity. Rates are between 6% and 36% — higher than most equity financing, but lower than credit cards for those with strong credit. Loan amounts for qualified borrowers can be up to $100,000.
Zigmont recommends piecemealing the upgrade if you want to see progress this year but don't have enough cash to pay for a full renovation. Start with what you're most excited about — new appliances or tiling, for example — and consider saving up for the rest.
How a Home Improvement Fund Can Upgrade Your New House to a Home
DIY or Call a Professional: Which Is Right for Your Remodel?
How Rising Fed Interest Rates Affect Home Buyers, Homeowners
Annie Millerbernd writes for NerdWallet. Email: amillerbernd@nerdwallet.com.
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text:
Джин Уэ́ствуд () — фигуристка из Великобритании, четырёхкратная чемпионка мира (1952—1955 годов), двукратная чемпионка Европы (1954 и 1955 годов), четырёхкратная чемпионка Великобритании (1952—1955 годов) в танцах на льду. Выступала в паре с Лоуренсом Демми. Их пара — первые в истории чемпионы мира и Европы в танцах на льду.

Спортивные достижения

(с Лоуренсом Демми)

Примечания

Ссылки

Персоналии по алфавиту
Фигуристы Великобритании


text:
Best of BP: Games Reinforce the World They Simulate
Patrick Dubuque
This article was originally published on June 12.
As related by Rob Arthur in his column last week, "Moonshot: Baseball Ought to Confront Its Own Racism," the designers of the baseball simulation game Out of the Park were confronted with a problem: Negative personality traits were disproportionately assigned to players of color, while positive traits and captaincy were more likely to be attached to white ballplayers. In a forum post, long-time developer Markus Heinsohn responded to the feedback, declaring that the root of the problem lay in old code, the effects were unintentional, and would be remedied in the next content patch.
Before Heinsohn's apology, however, there was a legitimate question of how the video game arrived in this state. After all, as Alex Speier reported for the Boston Globe Wednesday, racism remains entrenched in the baseball scouting arena, and one could argue that OOTP's inequality in character evaluation is an extremely authentic simulation of the realities of scouting. Video games as an industry has struggled with racial stereotyping and representation for as long as the medium has been capable of graphically depicting race, and in some cases even before that.
It's a particularly thorny issue for simulation games like Out of the Park, because it isn't always readily clear how a game should represent historic injustice. One example that stumbled into controversy upon release was the 2008 game, Sid Meier's Civilization IV: Colonization. A conversion of the wildly successful empire-building series, Colonization gives the player control of a European colonizer establishing, and eventually commandeering, New World settlements, wresting control of territory from the native population. The criticism surrounding the game was inspired primarily by Ben Fritz, then editor of Variety's video-game vertical, on the idea that a game could be made to celebrate such an evil historical moment. The response from angry internet commenters can be distilled into two common themes: "Colonization happened, stop trying to whitewash history" and "Media has always depicted awful things in movies/stories/games, storytelling isn't glorification." Are we saying that we shouldn't have movies like Downfall anymore? Are we to throw out all unpleasant history?
The latter argument lives on, healthier than ever, in the debate over whether video games can be apolitical. Certainly, many people want them to be; video games are, after all, an escape, and in their infancy often were apolitical, because they were arcade experiences that lacked the resources to tell even a simple story. But even comparing video games to movies (something the video game industry itself has always sought to do) is flawed, because there's two crucial distinctions: Video games demand interactivity, and they contain win and failure states. A game wants you to do a particular thing; it does not say Native Americans were killed, it asks you to kill them. To win at Colonization, you as the player must fulfill a certain set of conditions, which by being necessary, take on a moral capacity. Values are assigned. You can choose to be nice to the natives and not encroach on their territory, yes, but you are no longer playing a game at that point.
According to some, mere depictions of racism are not racist, making, in their minds, historical simulations like Colonization acceptable. It's a common mindset because, particularly in America, culture is obsessed with the concept of motivation. It's why so many recoil at the idea that someone could be called a racist, and that being addressed as such is very nearly as immoral as practicing racism itself. In the OOTP forum linked above, when the data was revealed, almost instantly the reaction was: There's no way this could be intentional. As if this made it less harmful. Some people are bad—some other people—but it's a few bad apples (you know the old quote, "one bad apple sits harmlessly among the bunch"). Only a few people actually want to be racist on purpose.
The "simulations have to be as accurate as possible" argument fails on two counts. One, they never can be; technological and human restraints will never allow a perfect simulation. (In the popular '80s NES game R.B.I. Baseball, African American players appear caucasian, due to the limits on how many colors the system could display on-screen.) And once that's true, the decision over what gets cut, either to make a game possible or make it fun, introduces bias. The other is that the designers themselves back away when they get too close. Colonization curtailed a crucial element to its depiction of history, removing the slave trade, the system underpinning the entire colonial project the game represents. Replicating a world, but only partially, is not an act of objectivity.
The counterarguments to Ben Fritz are correct about one thing: It would be impossible to make an apolitical version of Colonization. It tells only one side of the story; the native cultures are non-playable characters. But that story can and should be told with context, to make it clear what mastery of the game, and its systems, means. This is not to say there should never be violence in video games, or evil. It means we can't duplicate existing evils, free of context, as if that's the only way it can be.
We don't know how much of Out of the Park's systemic racism was due to random chance and how much was from faithful replication, and it's an indictment on the sport that it's impossible to tell. Either way, Heinsohn's solution was the correct one. It would have been possible to say that the values should remain, given what real baseball is like, with the proper contextualization to make the player understand that they were operating a corrupted machine. But removing that element, and simming a better baseball than the one that exists, is equally valid and far easier. Perhaps eventually the real baseball will live up to the decision.
Why is this essay published at a baseball website? Because baseball is a video game, played by LARPers. Like video games, the construction of baseball is entirely a construction of systems, of prohibited and rewarded actions, a formula that takes in intent and spits out results—some lionized, some derided. We celebrate the people and corporations that best navigate those systems, reward them and reward ourselves for rewarding them. Sports are, after all, the least objective history.
Racism in baseball is typically portrayed as personal, like Adam Jones being subjected to the hospitality of Fenway, the image of the vitriolic rather than the complicit. Systems don't make good stories; redlining lacks drama. But systemic racism is just as present in the game as it is elsewhere, and it's not as neatly symbolized as Cap Anson and his twirled, waxed mustache. It's present in the cost of travel teams for young ballplayers, and the selective bias introduced by existing economic inequality. It's in the lack of green spaces in America's urban centers, limiting opportunities for children to develop, and the development of roads that have killed the stickball workaround of generations past. It's present in the power structures of coaches and scouts, access to equal nutrition, ability to play sports after school instead of work. It's particularly present in the upper levels of baseball, nearly devoid of BIPOC from coaching to management to ownership.
And it's present in statements like this one, spiritually identical to the Gushers Tweet, promising to make a promise:
We want to be better, we need to be better, and this is our promise to do the work. pic.twitter.com/2cI6pCBdVb
— MLB (@MLB) June 3, 2020
All while taking long enough to have developed a plan to make actual, specific change.
It's no one person's fault that these forces exist to restrict the access of Black people and other minorities to the sport. Some of those systems were created by intentional racism, some were not. It doesn't really matter. They need to be addressed, and in order for them to be addressed their perpetuation of (and inaction toward) past injustices must also be addressed. People who make games make mistakes. They put the bases too far apart, or include a game-breaking bug, or thoughtlessly propagate existing racial stereotypes through invisible rules and laws. When it happens, they should apologize, fix the problem as quickly as possible, and if they made money by hurting people, give money back to the people they hurt.
What they shouldn't do is shrug their shoulders and say, "that's just the way it is." Or show support on social media, have a theme night, and ignore the reasons that things got this way. Major League Baseball can't take this situation, look at its own foundational race problem, and claim it'll try to make it right. Baseball is already idealized, already designed to be fair. It's not supposed to be realistic. It needs to be even better than real.
Best Of BP
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Best of BP: Rob Manfred and the Illusion of Truth
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John Johnston
Can't you people leave leftist politics out of anything? Now you're trying to ruin gaming.
Collin Whitchurch
We ruined gaming back in June. You're late to the party.
Reply to Collin
This is not one of BP's best articles. In fact, I'd argue it's one of the worst: the basic facts of the case remain wrong but that is actively ignored in favor of the narrative of a lazy social media post. It's bad analysis that's treated credulously because it went viral on twitter. The alleged causal claims by "Hellenic Jake" were explicitly shown by the developer to the game in question to be inaccurate. You can't ignore the substantive problems with what you're endorsing because you want to criticize structural racism.
This is nothing like the "How Civ treats colonialism" example because that's an issue that merely concerns interpreting how games use history not misrepresenting basic factual claims.
The twitter thread that gave birth to this article starts off by live tweeting a half assed pivot table combined with commentary like ("hey @ootpbaseball
what are your thoughts on race science"). This is the sort of thing any editor should reject as an insufficient replacement for an actual argument. The thread's author (and people responding) makes clear that he believes these are essentially hand coded values based on the biases of the creator.
You shouldn't be signal boosting such a low effort attempt at calling someone a bigot.
It's not even an accurate representation of the data: OOTP doesn't assign "personality traits," it assigns random values (weighted by player position) to 5 separate personality attributes and traits are defined as the combination of usually 2 or 3 traits (the full definition of which one can always find online). I'd have loved to see a high effort article on this topic that attempted to find what correlated with the in game personality traits even if such a thing would uncover genuine bias and not merely a null effect.
"Before Heinsohn's apology, however, there was a legitimate question of how the video game arrived in this state"
With all due respect, that's simply not true. It never made conceptual sense that a small indie developer would be hand coding thousands of players a year. It was also not reasonable to assume, before trying to account for ANY other possible explanations, that the game wrote an algorithm that actively attempted to generate new players based on prejudicial stereotypes about players from specific countries or of specific skin colors.
Reply to H
Anyone who owns these games can access the player databases on their home computer. It would have been trivially easy for someone to run analyses to figure out what does or does not correlate with various personality types/high or low values on various personality metrics.
We don't know how much of Out of the Park's systemic racism was due to random chance and how much was from faithful replication
You would know the answer if you took time to do the work. Uncritically accepting a semi viral twitter thread on a topical subject is how disinformation spreads.