text:
Vulnerable refugees
Help for migrants
Visits to detention centers
Guardianship of UMRs
Women & single mothers
Individual reception
Collective reception
Voluntary return
Preparation in Belgium
Reintegration after return
Caritas International by region
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Cyclone Idai: A new type of catastrophe?
© André Catueira - Keystone - Epa Lusa
Emergency & Development
Africa [ … ]
"Not a single door or window was able to resist the onslaughts from the ocean, sand, and stones," recalls Fabrizio Graglia, one of Caritas's partners in Beira. Caritas Mozambique describes the catastrophe as "the worst in decades." Days have passed since Cyclone Idai first hit the region and the emergency is getting worse. Cut off from the rest of the world, thousands of families are in urgent need of food, water, and shelter. What is happening on the ground? What can be done right now?
Last Thursday night, the cyclone sowed destruction in Mozambique. After causing preliminary damages on 4 March while it was still classified as a Category 1 cyclone with windspeeds of up to 120 km/h, Idai struck again with windspeeds surpassing 180 km/h, this time carrying downpours from the ocean. Residents in the costal town of Beira confronted waves that were 4 to 5 meters high. "Walls of water," as they are described by Jan Weuts, emergency coordinator at Caritas International. "Beyond Beira, there is now a new inland sea that has impeded proceedings and made access to the survivors impossible to humanitarian teams without a helicopter or flat-bottomed boat."
Idai is a precursor of the climate disasters to come. It represents a whole new type of catastrophe.
- Jan Weuts, emergency coordinator at Caritas International
In living memory, Cyclone Idai is a first for Southern Africa. Authorities, humanitarian organizations, and local communities alike were not prepared for a disaster of such scale. "Idai is a precursor of the future climate disasters to come. It represents a whole new type of catastrophe for the region and the international community," continues Jan. "Based on its size, and on the preparatory mechanisms that these phenomena will require of us in the future, it is high time to take heed of the lessons learned from this major emergency."
The cyclone swept away everything in its path: buildings, roads, roofs, houses, utility poles, etc. Many were unable to evacuate from buildings in time. We have heard news that a hospital roof collapsed, trapping more than 160 people in the resulting debris.
Facing sudden and massive flooding, survivors took refuge on the roofs of buildings that had been spared from destruction. Several also sought out higher ground. We are unfortunately unable to reach everyone, especially those in the south of the region. "In Mozambique alone, there are currently 550 confirmed victims; however, thousands have probably lost their lives," concludes Jan.
Caritas was already active in the areas affected by the cyclone after the first floods caused by Idai at the beginning of March. Local Caritas offices are currently working to identify needs, implement preliminary emergency plans, deliver available basic goods, and evacuate those who have lost their homes to governmental housing, churches, schools, and parish buildings.
As waters recede and access to victims becomes possible, Caritas will expand its area of intervention. This will gradually allow for a more impactful logistic deployment. "Unfortunately, this will take time, as once the water has receded, access will still be difficult due to mud and debris," explains Jan. "We also expect to discover crops of displaced people who have taken refuge in elevated places. They will, without doubt, be in need of water, food, hygiene kits, and refuge, but also seeds." Indeed, it will be crucial to quickly replant in order to save the following season's harvest and reestablish food security for the victims.
Your assistance is vital. Make a donation in support of Idai victims online by using bank number BE 88 0000 0000 4141 and selecting "I support survivors of Cyclone Idai in Southern Africa".
I help the survivors
Linked news
Emergency & Development [ … ]
Agroecology in response to climate change
"Climate change has a direct influence on the people in Niger. Because of the drought they have to move. Livestock farming, agriculture… everything has become…
Cyclone Kenneth: A second cyclone strikes Mozambique
Just six weeks after the devastating passage of Cyclone Idai, Mozambique has been struck by another natural disaster. Cyclone Kenneth raged across the ocean with windspeeds…
Cyclone Idai: An Update from Mozambique
"People are sleeping standing up because there's not enough space," Rita Farriya says, sitting in the shade of a tree at Muda-Mufo in Nhamatanda District.…
Cyclone Idai: Devastation in Mozambique, Zimbabwe, and Malawi
Cyclone Idai has caused unprecedented destruction in Southern Africa. More than 1,000 are feared to be dead. Extensive areas in Mozambique, Malawi, and Zimbabwe, have…
The importance of drinking water around the world
"We must protect our water resources." Those are the words of Martine, who has lived in Haiti for 30 years and has experienced repeated floods,…
Niger [ … ]
Long read: Circular migration and food security
More than 80% of African migrations take place inside the continent. Traditionally, circular migration is one of the main survival strategies in Niger: during the…
Emergency aid & development
Asylum & Migration
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text:
Q: Pythagorean identities: how do I calculate the proper cos sign? Having the formula

cos(x) = sqrt(1-sin(x)^2)

I am trying to test it in my simple program, but I don't get where is my fault.
The results are incorrect in the end.
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <cmath>

int main() {
    std::vector<float> data;

    constexpr float angleAdd = 360.0/10.0;
    constexpr float M_PI_DIVIDED_BY_180 = M_PI/180.0;

    for (auto angle = 0.0; angle < 360.0; angle += angleAdd) {
        data.push_back(angle);
    }

    //
    float res1 = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); ++i) {
        res1 += sin(data[i]*M_PI_DIVIDED_BY_180);
        res1 += cos(data[i]*M_PI_DIVIDED_BY_180);
    }

    std::cout << "\n\n";

    float res2 = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); ++i) {
        float angle = data[i];
        float sinVal = sin(angle*M_PI_DIVIDED_BY_180);

        bool isPositiveSign = (angle >= 0 && angle <= 90) || (angle >= 270 && angle <= 360);
        float cosVal = sqrt(1 -sinVal*sinVal);
        if (isPositiveSign) {
            cosVal = fabs(cosVal);
        } else {
            cosVal = -1.0*fabs(cosVal);
        }

        res2 += sinVal;
        res2 += cosVal;
    }

    std::cout << "res1: " << res1 << " res2: " << res2 << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

It gives me:

res1: -6.89606e-07 res2: -3.57628e-07

Obviously, res2 is wrong.
I am sure something is messed up in my calculations of the cos sign, but I cannot figure out - what.
Could the community give me some hints what is wrong here?

A: The number you're computing as res1 or res2 would be zero, if you could do the computation without error. However, floating-point arithmetic always incurs errors. So, the two different results you're obtaining are simply two different representations of floating-point zero to the accuracy of your calculations – do them with double precision and you find results with smaller magnitude.
Also note that std::cos() and std::sin() do not exactly satisfy the identity square(sin)+square(cos)=1. Therefore,
assert(square(std::cos(x)) != 1 - square(std::sin(x)));

for most values of x (exceptions are presumably only 0 and perhaps pi).
Since res1 and res2 are both approximations of zero, their signs are arbitrary (though deterministic). You will get different results (but still consistent with being approximations of zero) if you change angleAdd to another divisor of 360.
All this implies, of course, that your program tests nothing and any values for res1 and res2 that are within a few std::numeric_limits<X>::epsilon() from zero (where X is the floating-point type used) are valid. There is no correct answer.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Take a Garden Bed and Breakfast Tour!
Winner of the 2005 Best of Gardens prize given by the Anchorage Botanical Garden, the Alaskan Frontier Gardens Bed and Breakfast is a wilderness garden retreat. Set in a custom cedar house among the pines close to Chugach State Park, this B&B's lush lawns are edged by gardens filled with 8 foot tall delphiniums in various shades of purples, blues, and pinks. (Guests are encouraged to relax and enjoy the stars and Northern Lights from the Alaskan Frontier's large decks and eight-person hot tub). Inside, soft plush linens float over the finest mattress sets in the guestrooms; with fluffy pillows and European goose down comforters secured inside luxurious duvet covers and shams. As for breakfast? Guests awaken to the aroma of Belgian waffles with rum peaches, Amaretto French toast, Alaskan blueberry pancakes, a variety of Alaskan syrups, reindeer sausage, gourmet coffee, herbal teas, fresh seasonal fruit, cereals and juice. Yum!
California's Solvang Garden Lodge is located in the Dane-settled village of Solvang, which some have described as being 'more Danish than Denmark'! Certainly this B&B is the epitome of old world charm; including its wonderful gardens that surround the Lodge with constant color. Thanks to the warm weather of this area – which is why the Danes called it Solvang, for "Sunny Field" – flowers thrive; gracing this B&B with stunning roses and lilies. There's even an orchard!
Imagine lush fields during summertime, and blazing leaf colors in fall; accompanied by apple harvests, corn mazes, and pumpkin patches. Throw in wonderful rows of tulips, daffodils, and irises during the mild Washington state springs, and voila: You've captured the essence of the Queen of the Valley Inn Bed and Breakfast. Located on Mount Vernon near the Pacific Coast, the Queen lives in a 1900-era three-story "American Foursquare" farmhouse. Renovated in 2004, this B&B offers period-decorated bedrooms and great breakfasts on its sun porch. "The Queen never serves Spam, processed cheese-food, or any form of soup from a can," declares its website. "Our proper breakfasts feature locally grown produce and seasonal specialties from the Skagit Valley and around the northwest. You call it breakfast. We call it 'love on a plate'." By the way, even when the Queen's gardens are blanketed in snow, this B&B is a great place to bird-watch bald eagles, snow geese, and trumpeter swans.


The "View Image" Button In Google Search Was Lost, How Can You Get It Back?
The "View Image" Button In Google Search Was Lost, How Can You Get It Back?
Google has been everyone's best friend. It supplies us with everything we need; for entertainment, professional, and miscellaneous purposes, Google has been there all along. Along with this, Google had a lot of features; Google Maps, Google Translate, Google Images, even Google Music.
Google's image-based search engine has been our companion for more than a decade when it comes to media supply. Just yesterday, major changes were made and it would of course upset most Google Images fanatics.
See that View Image button there? Yes, that's the one that got lost. This is an old image from the google.com/images search engine and it still contained the button.
The View Image button's function is to bring the user directly to the image bypassing the website and the page. Clicking the link would allow you to head straight to the link or address of the said image.
However after Google signed the agreement with Getty Images, the stock image provider, this button apparently disappeared. This is to get the latest photo content found in the search results.
Is the view image button gone forever?
We hope not, of course. But don't lose your minds because a developer named Joshua Barr, released a Google Chrome extension just after a few hours when the news of the truce broke. Mr. Barr, our hero, is an independent developer and he saved everyone's lives.
Where can I find this extension?
The extension is free for everyone (as of the moment) and everyone who has Chrome can freely download and install it.
It's easy as 1-2-3. You just need to download the extension, add it to your chrome and voila, it's like Google didn't sign an agreement with Getty images in your side of reality.
After downloading, restart your browser of course and it will surely take effect.
Calm down, calm down. Apparently, this is just available to the Google Chrome browser as of the moment. Mozilla, Opera, and other browsers still sit in that puddle of misery without the view image button. But, stay tuned for more updates regarding these changes.


text:
Maple Leaf workers shocked by cuts
Meat plant workers in Moncton are still in shock over the news that Maple Leaf Foods is closing their facility, says the union's national representative.
CBC News · Posted: Oct 20, 2011 2:55 PM AT | Last Updated: October 21, 2011
The 460 workers were told on Wednesday that the company plans to wind down the whole operation by 2014 as part of a plan to simplify its distribution network.
"Pretty devastating for the workers," said Carl Flanagan, of the United Food and Commercial Workers.
"All along we'd been working and told by local management that this was one of the plants that was gonna survive."
Flanagan said the company just invested about $4 million on a new roof and new bacon lines. The company also brought in 35 new workers in recent months, he said.
A shock
"So it was pretty much a shock to us to get the announcement," Flanagan said.
Adam Horsman has been working at the plant for 13 years and thought the business was in good shape.
"They've been dumping money into the plant. We weren't expecting them to close it down. The membership's taking it pretty hard. To be honest with you, it hasn't really set in yet."
Horsman said he doesn't know what his plan is.
"There's a lot of people there that are over 50 years old ... so they're scared and the young people are scared also," said Yves Leger, who's worked there for 12 years.
Mayor George LeBlanc said he's keen to work with Maple Leaf to help workers adjust.
"We'll do whatever we can to try to cushion the blow, to see if there are ways we can assist to make things better and hopefully find opportunities for those who are losing their jobs."
Norm Sabapathy, a company spokesman, said the workers shouldn't have been surprised by the decision to close the facility.
"We have talked to our employees many times in advance to tell them that, you know, in our manufacturing network today, to be more competitive and to reduce our costs, to be North American competitive, we have too many smaller plants producing too many products," he said.
"So employees knew that. And we did extensive analysis on our network and this is the result of that."
Maple Leaf said a total of 1,550 jobs will be cut at four distribution centres across Canada. Burlington, Kitchener and Coquitlam facilities will also be closed.
A new, purpose-built facility in Ontario will service eastern Canada, while an existing facility in Saskatoon will serve as the western hub.
The Toronto-based company, which processes meats and other foods, is investing about $560 million in upgrades to boost competitiveness and profitability.
Sabapathy has said the company will seek alternative uses for the affected plants to try to create employment opportunities.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Q: Validating that associated objects have the same parent I'm creating kind of triangular structure like this:
class Company < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :departments
  has_many :employees
end

class Department < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :company
  has_many :employees
end

class Employee < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :company
  belongs_to :department # optional, employee can belong only to a company
end

Now, when creating Employee, what's the best way to make sure that it's possible to assign only departments that belong to the same company as the employee I'm creating?
company_id is automatically assigned from nested resource route and department_id is from params. I guess I could create a custom method that would validate this, but I was wondering if there's some kind of out of the box way (eg. using only associations) to do this.
So for example I'd like to avoid something like this:
CompA ---- DepA
 \
  \_ !EmpA! _
             \
CompB ---- DepB ---- EmpC
  \___________________/
   \
    \_______ EmpD


purchased a white shirt in L and it fit me impeccably yet I will say these shirts are free however clingy. I adored this shirt on the grounds that the material is excessively delicate yet it clung to my stomach excessively tight than I enjoyed and I am apple molded so it was not complimenting. I kept the shirt since it was truly agreeable to wear and I hacked my belly issue by utilizing this shirt with skirts. (Id like to take note of my stomach is a powerless spot for me however this shirt was so delicate I couldnt care less lol).
I purchased a SECOND shirt – dark XL. I figured it may be excessively free however it was flawless. I favor free so it relies upon your inclination yet it was free enough where my stomach would not look unflattering and it didnt make me resemble an inflatable with the additional texture. The dark and the white were NOT see through. I am certainly going to purchase another in dim! This shirt can be spruced here and there!
My estimations for reference: 5'2, 187lbs, 38D, 14 pants, as a rule wear L/XL shirts, and apple molded! (a large portion of my weight is close belly). Too adorable and would trust this shirt would look on for the most part everybody!
I bought this for yoga and I love it. I went a size smaller than I would typically buy and it's perfect. I'm 5'3″, 140lbs and purchased a small. It doesn't fall down when I'm in downward facing dog or other inversions and that's a huge bonus to me because I hate having to come out of a pose to adjust my clothes. I haven't worn the shirt to a class that made me sweaty so I'm not sure how well it would hide stains but that isn't what I purchased it for so I'm satisfied with it as is.


STOCKHOLM (Reuters) - Sweden's largest center-right party said on Friday it was prepared to form a government without other parties in its bloc, in an attempt to clear a political impasse left by last month's inconclusive election.
Swedish Moderates leader Ulf Kristersson said the other parties could support his cabinet from outside government - in an apparent bid to get around their refusal to work directly with nationalists who currently hold the balance of power.
Other members of the center-right Alliance bloc did not comment on the plan - which was quickly rejected by other groups.
If the scheme fails, the center-left will likely get a chance to form a government next week. Failing that, the country could face fresh elections.
The plan followed weeks of fraught negotiations after neither Kristersson's center-right Alliance bloc nor a grouping of center-left parties won enough votes on Sept. 9 to form a majority.
The vote left the anti-immigration Sweden Democrats, which has been shunned by all other parties, holding the balance of power in a deeply divided Riksdag.
Kristersson published a long Facebook post proposing that his party form a government which other members of the center-right Alliance block could support in votes but not have to formally join.
"Neither the Sweden Democrats nor the Left Party would be given influence over the government's political direction," he wrote.
Nevertheless, the Sweden Democrats or left-wing parties would at least have to agree not vote against any such minority government for it to survive.
None of the other members of Alliance members - the Centre Party, the Liberals and the Christian Democrats - commented on the proposal.
Several members of the center-left Social Democrats, which is currently in a caretaker government, dismissed the plan, saying it would depend on support from the far right.
"Kristersson is showing his true colors," Justice and Interior Minister Morgan Johansson said in a tweet.
The Sweden Democrats, which wants substantial curbs on immigration, also appeared to dismiss the scheme.


home › W Juniper Space Hoodie EV2 ten trees planted for every item purchased.
Raise the your eyes to the stars. The popular Juniper hoodie gets a celestial upgrade with the glow-in-the-dark background made from Oeko-Tex certified ink.


The New York Comedy Festival turns ten.
Bill Cosby, Kathy Griffin, Bill Maher, Jon Stewart, Wanda Sykes, and other comics appear in the New York Comedy Festival.
One could argue that New York City is the birthplace of standup comedy in America: nearly a hundred years ago, the vaudevillian Frank Fay, who served as the master of ceremonies at the Palace Theatre, on Broadway, started telling jokes directly to the crowd, in a conversational manner. Fay's innovation has been extended through the years, most recently by the New York Comedy Festival. Created and overseen by Caroline Hirsch, the founder of the standup institution Carolines, the festival celebrates its tenth anniversary this year, with more than sixty shows at small clubs and large theatres. "Most of these headliners appeared at Carolines, and went on to greater success, to the point where they're too big to play a club," Hirsch said. "We built this festival as a way of continuing to work with them." This year's event includes appearances by Wanda Sykes, Kathy Griffin, and Bill Maher, as well as "Stand Up for Heroes," an annual music-and-comedy benefit for military veterans, at Madison Square Garden, featuring, among others, Bruce Springsteen, Jon Stewart, Roger Waters, and Bill Cosby.
As the festival has expanded, so has the world of comedy. Several of the comedians participating in this year's festival came up through nontraditional channels, such as shows on smaller networks, like Comedy Central, FX, and Spike. Nick Kroll rose to prominence on a deep-cable sitcom (FXX's gleefully raunchy fantasy-football-themed "The League") and now has his own Comedy Central sketch show. Jenny Slate has been a cast member on both "Saturday Night Live" and "Parks and Recreation," though she is best known for her viral video series "Marcel the Shell with Shoes On." Both Kroll and Slate, as well as other young comedians with distinctive voices (the surreally pessimistic Anthony Jeselnik, the wry, racially focussed W. Kamau Bell), are products of the decentralized world of American comedy.


text:
Angelmusic ist ein Plattenlabel. Bei Angelmusic erscheinen CDs mit Filmmusik von Hans Engel und Musikproduktionen aus den Bereichen Film, Rock, Pop, Jazz und Klassik anderer Musiker. Hans Engel meldete das Label 2006 bei der GVL an. Der Labelcode lautet LC 15581.

Veröffentlichungen
 2006: Hans Engel – Die Rockies
 2007: Hans Engel – Filmmusik III
 2007: Hans Engel – Karelien – Das Kreuz des Nordens
 2010: Hans Engel – Wunderwelten
 2011 Hans Engel – Traumküste Algarve
 2012: Hans Engel – Lullabies of the World
 2012: Shaked Duo – Dance Preludes
 2013: Facundo Barreyra – Geschichte eines Reisenden Bandoneons
 2015: Morgana Moreno & Marcelo Rosário – Miscellaneous
 2016: Harry Unte / Thomas Oldenburg – DUO .. auf das Ende der Zeiten
 2016: Hans Engel – Transoceânica
 2020: Die Düsen – Na dann
 2022: Hans Engel – Verkehrswende -  Metropolen in Bewegung

Einzelnachweise

Deutsches Musiklabel
Gegründet 2006

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Home › Corporate culture
FuturePlan by Ascensus Appoints Kasey Price as Head of Sales
By FuturePlan by Ascensus
Highly Respected Retirement Industry and FuturePlan Leader Will Oversee Organization's Sales Strategy and Distribution Efforts to Provide Partner and Client Value
Dresher, PA—FuturePlan by Ascensus—the nation's largest retirement third-party administration (TPA) company—is pleased to announce the appointment of Kasey Price as head of sales. She will report to David Musto, interim president of FuturePlan and president and CEO of Ascensus.
Previously serving as FuturePlan's head of institutional sales, Price was responsible for developing, managing, and expanding relationships with financial advisors and the retirement industry's top-tier recordkeeping providers. In her new role, she will guide FuturePlan's sales strategy and broader distribution efforts, overseeing and contributing to critical projects and initiatives focused on increasing client value and growing the business. Price will continue to lead the institutional sales and internal sales teams, adding national field sales to her responsibilities.
Price brings more than 25 years of retirement industry experience to her newly created position. Prior to joining FuturePlan, she was a founding partner and CEO of Georgia-based Retirement Strategies, Inc. (RSI), a TPA firm known for its strong strategic partnerships with advisors and recordkeepers. Price holds a Bachelor's Degree in Economics and Corporate Finance from Augusta State University.
"Kasey has been an extremely valued member of our organization since RSI became part of FuturePlan in 2017," said Musto. "Her ability to build and advance client relationships is second to none, and she's extremely well-respected by her peers both inside our walls and throughout the retirement industry."
"This is a critical role, and I can't think of anyone better to lead the FuturePlan salesforce so that we may better serve our clients and grow our organization in 2021 and beyond," concluded Musto.
About FuturePlan by Ascensus
FuturePlan by Ascensus is the nation's largest retirement third-party administrator, combining high-touch local service with the strength and security of an industry leader. A line of business within Ascensus, FuturePlan's dedicated team serves more than 53,000 retirement plan sponsors across the country as of September 30, 2020. For more information, visit futureplan.com.
About Ascensus
Ascensus helps millions of people save for what matters—retirement, education, and healthcare. Through co-branded, private-labeled, and other governmental partnerships, our technology, market insights, and business knowledge enhance the growth and success of our partners, their clients, and savers. Ascensus is the largest independent recordkeeping services provider, third-party administrator, and government savings facilitator in the United States. For more information, visit ascensus.com.
Ascensus Names Naureen Hassan to Its Board of Directors
By Ascensus
25-Year Financial Services Veteran Brings Expertise in Business Strategy, Digital Transformation, Wealth Management, and Retail Financial Services
Dresher, PA—Ascensus—whose technology and expertise help millions of people save for retirement, education, and healthcare—is pleased to announce that Naureen Hassan joined its Board of Directors this month.
Most recently, Ms. Hassan was the chief digital officer for Morgan Stanley Wealth Management, with responsibility for the business's digital transformation, strategy, and delivery, focusing on modernizing how the firm and its advisors acquire, serve, and interact with clients.
Ms. Hassan previously was the executive vice president leading Investor Services strategy, segments, and platforms for Charles Schwab, and a member of the firm's 20-member Executive Committee. She also held leadership roles in Schwab Advisor Services, the leading custodial platform for nearly 7,000 independent advisory firms. Earlier in her career, she worked at McKinsey & Company, specializing in operational and process design for retail and healthcare firms.
"Naureen's expertise and experience across a variety of disciplines and elements of our lines of business make her a welcomed and valued addition to the Ascensus Board," said David Musto, president and CEO of Ascensus. "She also shares our passion for advancing diversity and inclusion at Ascensus and in our industry, and will be an engaged supporter and resource in our continued journey."
Ascensus helps millions of people save for what matters—retirement, education, and healthcare. Our technology, market insights, and business knowledge enhance the growth and success of our partners, their clients, and savers. Ascensus is the largest independent recordkeeping services provider, third-party administrator, and government savings facilitator in the United States. For more information, visit ascensus.com.
Get the latest trends and insights based on our proprietary data from more than 116,500 retirement plans, 5.5 million 529 accounts, 400,000 health savings accounts, and 21 ABLE plans.* Inside America's Savings Plans highlights average savings levels across these tax-advantaged accounts and showcases plan features that drive participation and growth. The State of Savings report outlines how plan contribution and withdrawal behaviors have shifted over the course of 2020 and since the passage of the CARES Act.
*As of March 31, 2020
Intac Actuarial Services, Inc. Receives Renewed CEFEX® Certification
Retirement Third-Party Administrator Certified for Adherence to Retirement Industry Best Practices for Seventh Consecutive Year
Woodcliff Lake, NJ—Intac Actuarial Services, Inc., part of FuturePlan by Ascensus (INTAC), is pleased to announce that it has been certified for the seventh consecutive year by the Centre for Fiduciary Excellence, LLC (CEFEX) as adhering to the American Society of Pension Professionals & Actuaries (ASPPA) Standard of Practice for Retirement Plan Service Providers. INTAC provides third-party administration for 401(k), profit sharing, money purchase, 457(b), 403(b), cash balance, and defined benefit plans, as well as plan design, implementation, and consulting services to plan sponsors and advisors.
The ASPPA Standard of Practice describes how a service provider of any size or type can help plan sponsors fulfill their fiduciary obligations. CEFEX uses two classifications: in-house recordkeeping services and third-party administration services. The Standard includes best practices for governance, organization, human resources, operations, planning, systems, and disclosure as defined by a cross-industry task force.
"All of us at INTAC take great pride in this CEFEX certification renewal, which reflects our firm's commitment to exceptional service and support to our clients nationwide," said Charles Rosenberg, INTAC vice president. "Our pension consultants, actuaries, and plan administrators work hard to uphold the high standards set by CEFEX and continually meet the rigorous requirements of certification."
INTAC was the first third-party administrator in the state of New Jersey to earn this designation in 2013. Maintaining certification requires a continued adherence to the industry's best practices and is verified through the organization's annual renewal assessment, which evaluates operational data and procedures and includes onsite interviews with key personnel. INTAC is registered at http://www.cefex.org/ASPPAAdministration/. Its certificate can be viewed at this site, as can a summary of the Standard.
Rosenberg added that the changes in retirement plan provisions enacted in the SECURE Act and CARES Act present new challenges for plan sponsors, making it all the more critical for third-party administrators and their clients to stay abreast of the evolving retirement plan landscape.
"Our team has been providing the most updated information available about 2020 plan changes," noted Rosenberg. "The articles and videos on INTAC's COVID-19 resources website page are designed to help employers understand how these bills may affect their workplace retirement plans."
For information on the CEFEX certification program and the Standard of Practice, visit www.cefex.org. Information about ASPPA can be found at www.asppa.org.
About Intac Actuarial Services, Inc.
Intac Actuarial Services, Inc. (INTAC) has been providing full-service retirement plan design, implementation, administration, and consulting for employer-sponsored retirement plans since 1977. The firm currently serves more than 2,800 small- to mid-sized companies, business owners, key executives, and employees in 35 states. In 2018, INTAC joined the FuturePlan by Ascensus family of retirement services providers. It was recognized as an NJBiz Best Places to Work in 2019 and has been consistently named by the publication as New Jersey's #1 401(k) defined contribution provider. For more information, visit intacinc.com.
About FuturePlan
FuturePlan by Ascensus is the nation's largest retirement third-party administrator, combining high-touch local
service with the strength and security of an industry leader. A line of business within Ascensus, FuturePlan's dedicated team serves more than 55,000 retirement plan sponsors in more than 54 locations across the country as of March 31, 2020. For more information, visit FuturePlan.com.
About CEFEX®
CEFEX, Centre for Fiduciary Excellence, LLC, an Fi360® company, is an independent certification organization. CEFEX works closely with industry experts to provide comprehensive assessment programs to improve the fiduciary practices of investment stewards, advisors, recordkeepers, administrators and managers. CEFEX is based in Pittsburgh, PA. Connect to CEFEX at www.CEFEX.org, via Twitter @CEFEX1 and on LinkedIn @CEFEX.
Ascensus 529 Assets Under Administration Surpass $150 Billion
Leader in 529 Plan Administration Manages Rapid Account Growth While Maintaining Commitment to Providing Top Technology and Service to Partners and Savers
Dresher, PA—Ascensus—whose technology and expertise help millions of people save for retirement, education, and healthcare—is pleased to announce that it has become the first provider to record assets under administration exceeding $150 billion on its 529 savings platform.
The market leader in 529 plan administration, Ascensus provides technology and service solutions for 27 states and more than 40 programs. The firm's 529 business is in the midst of a period of rapid growth, with a 40% increase in 529 accounts on its platform since the end of 2018. This has been driven by institutional wins that have added nine plans, as well as significant organic growth across plans under administration.
Partners and savers rely on Ascensus to power their savings plans' technology and service capabilities. The firm has successfully maintained its commitment to supporting these areas while managing the growth within its 529 business. Some examples of this include:
Ascensus' Ugift® platform has become an important component of Americans' education savings strategy, enabling family and friends to contribute money directly to a beneficiary's 529 account. In January 2020, Ascensus announced that more than $1 billion has been gifted to 529 education savings accounts through Ugift.
Recognized as a service leader in the 529 market, Ascensus has received a National Quality Review 5-star rating for service quality in the last 17 quarters.
Ascensus has made it a priority to develop resources such as HowToSaveForCollege.com, which helps individuals navigate the 529 selection process while reinforcing the benefits of 529 accounts.
Ascensus has recently launched 529 Fit, a plan selection tool that allows businesses to direct their employees or constituents to an education savings plan with ease.
"More than six million current and future students—along with partners and advisors—benefit from the 529 services we provide: leading technology, innovative platform offerings combined with world-class investment partnerships, and outstanding customer service and operations," states Peg Creonte, president of Ascensus' Government Savings line of business. "We're grateful for the trust our state clients and institutional partners have placed in us and are committed to servicing their investors with the highest quality and integrity."
Ascensus helps millions of people save for what matters—retirement, education, and healthcare. Our technology, market insights, and business knowledge enhance the growth and success of our partners, their clients, and savers. Ascensus is the largest independent recordkeeping services provider, third-party administrator, and government savings facilitator in the United States. For more information, visit ascensus.com. Explore the Ascensus' latest data and insights on savings behaviors at pulse.ascensus.com.
Investment objectives, risks, charges, expenses, and other important information such as specific benefits, limitations, rules and guidance are included in a 529 plan's offering statement/disclosure statement; read and consider it carefully before investing.
When you invest in a 529 plan you are purchasing municipal securities whose value will vary with market conditions. Depending on market conditions, you could lose all or a portion of your money by investing in a 529 plan. Account owners assume all investment risks as well as responsibility for any federal and state tax consequences. Consult with a tax advisor for specific tax applications or consequences.
Ugift® is a registered service mark of Ascensus Broker Dealer Services, LLC.
Chard Snyder Recognized by WEX Health for Outstanding Achievement at WEX Momentum Virtual Awards Ceremony
Earns Sales Excellence Award for Innovative Growth Strategies
Mason, OH — Chard Snyder, a national third-party administrator of employee benefit solutions and wholly owned subsidiary of Ascensus, has been honored by WEX Health with a 2019 Partner Excellence Award for outstanding business achievements. The employee benefit solutions provider received the Sales Excellence Award at the WEX Health Momentum event held virtually in place of the annual WEX Health SPARK Partner Conference.
Chard Snyder was selected for the award because of its significant accomplishments in identifying new and innovative ways to drive growth, along with successful execution on unique and differentiated sales strategies, campaigns, and channel programs to enhance partnerships. The firm has been recognized by WEX Health in past years for innovation and service, most recently receiving the Solution Visionary Award in 2018.
"Identifying new and innovative ways to drive growth is key to succeeding in our industry," said Jeff Ackerson, Vice President, Partner Experience at WEX Health. "Chard Snyder takes calculated risks, focuses on new markets, and leverages relationships within their parent company's ecosystem that allow them to accelerate growth. They're an organization that continues to impress. They work to identify key ways to partner with organizations, and constantly challenge themselves to be better, do better, and create more opportunities."
"We are honored to receive recognition from WEX Health again this year," said Chard Snyder President Barb Yearout. "The Chard Snyder team works hard every day to provide personal and flexible benefit solutions to make life easier for our clients and plan participants."
"Our collaboration with best-in-class partners like WEX enables us to offer forward-thinking, easy-to-use solutions supported by smart technology and a dedicated personal team," concluded Yearout.
The Excellence Awards, established in 2008, are presented yearly and recognize WEX Health Partners that have achieved extraordinary notable accomplishments. Chard Snyder has been a WEX Health partner since 2005.
About Chard Snyder
As a national third-party administrator of employee benefit solutions, Chard Snyder serves 1,500 employers in 38 states across the U.S. Chard Snyder administers savings and spending accounts (FSA, HSA, HRA, commuter benefits), benefit continuation services (COBRA; retiree, direct and other billing) and FMLA leave, and provides plan document services. Founded in 1988 by Ken Chard and Joy Snyder, the company employs over 200 team members today. Chard Snyder is a wholly owned subsidiary of Ascensus and part of its Health & Benefits line of business. Visit chard-snyder.com or call 833.212.1988 to learn more.
Ascensus helps millions of people save for what matters—retirement, education, and healthcare. Our technology, market insights, and business knowledge enhance the growth and success of our partners, their clients, and savers. Ascensus is the largest independent recordkeeping services provider, third-party administrator, and government savings facilitator in the United States. For more information, visit ascensus.com. Explore Ascensus' latest data and insights on savings behaviors at pulse.ascensus.com.
Ascensus Appoints Kevin Cox as Head of Retirement and Peg Creonte as Head of Government Savings
Cox to Succeed Shannon Kelly as Head of Retirement Line of Business
Dresher, PA–Ascensus–whose technology and expertise help millions of people save for retirement, education, and healthcare–is pleased to announce the appointment of Kevin Cox as head of its Retirement line of business. The firm is equally happy to share that Peg Creonte will succeed Cox as head of its Government Savings line of business. Both also will continue to build Ascensus' reputation as a leading technology services provider, partnering with financial institutions and government entities to support the delivery of tax-advantaged savings programs.
Cox succeeds Shannon Kelly, who recently announced her plans to take a professional sabbatical following an outstanding Ascensus career spanning nearly 20 years.
Cox has served as head of Government Savings for the past two years, and prior to that, spent six years as the business line's chief operating officer. In his new role, Cox will oversee and drive the strategic direction for Retirement, including Ascensus' full-service retirement plan recordkeeping and administration, along with its compliance, trust, and education and training functions. Prior to joining Ascensus, Cox spent more than a decade in the retirement industry, with a focus on large institutional 401(k) plans during tenures at MFS Investment Management and CIGNA. He holds a bachelor's degree in Economics and English from Lehigh University and graduated with honors from the Boston College Carroll Graduate School of Management master's program.
"Kevin has been a valued member of our Government Savings team since 2004 and has led the business with great success since 2018–growing Ascensus' share of the 529 college savings market, fostering our leadership role in ABLE accounts, and supporting the launch of the nation's first three state-facilitated retirement programs," said David Musto, president and CEO of Ascensus. "With more than 25 years of career experience in both the 529 and retirement markets, he brings the depth and breadth of proven experience and success that our clients have come to expect from Ascensus."
"Shannon has influenced all aspects of our Retirement line of business–bringing client satisfaction to new heights, overseeing material investments in our market-leading technology capabilities, and transforming service and operations to better serve our clients," Musto continued. "We thank her for being such a tremendous leader within our organization for nearly two decades and for the legacy that she leaves with us."
Creonte has served as Government Savings' senior vice president of business development for the past five years, leading a variety of initiatives to grow the business from both a revenue and client retention standpoint. In her new role, she is now responsible for setting the vision and strategy for Government Savings and charting its course for future growth. Creonte brings more than 25 years of experience in business development and technology to her new role. She joined Ascensus in 2004 on the Unite platform team, managed the development and launch of Ugift (the nation's first "529 gifting" platform), and oversaw a wealth of large-scale data conversions for recordkeeping transitions. Prior to Ascensus, Creonte served in leadership and consulting roles with several technology firms, including Advanced Micro Devices. She earned her Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical Engineering from Tufts University and her Master of Business Administration from Cornell University.
"Peg is known for her strong leadership, deep technical background, and impressive track record in new business wins," said Musto. "Her experience in product, platform, and process development–combined with her ability to build meaningful and substantial partnerships and relationships–made her the clear choice to lead our Government Savings business and its growth."
Cox and Creonte have assumed their new roles immediately, reporting to Musto, with Kelly remaining onboard through the end of May 2020 to support the leadership transition.
Intac Actuarial Services, Inc. Receives 2020 NJBiz Best Places to Work Honors
Retirement Third-Party Administration Firm Achieves Best Workplaces Ranking for Fifth Time
Woodcliff Lake, NJ—Intac Actuarial Services, Inc., part of FuturePlan by Ascensus (INTAC), is pleased to announce that the firm has once again been named to the NJBiz Best Places to Work list in the medium-sized business category. This is the fifth such recognition for the actuarial firm, which specializes in retirement plan design, implementation, and administration. The award is given by NJBiz, New Jersey's leading business journal.
Nominations for the annual Best Places to Work list are submitted by associates, who receive surveys asking for feedback regarding associate engagement/satisfaction and benefits. Charles Rosenberg, vice president of INTAC, said that his company's benefits and culture have led to favorable reviews and high associate retention rates.
"We moved our offices in 2019 to a modern, new space in Woodcliff Lake with lots of natural light and onsite amenities that provide many conveniences for our staff," notes Rosenberg. "Since then, we've added 12 new staff members and our retention is at an all-time high, in part because of our associate benefits, which stand out in our industry. We believe if we take care of our team, they'll take care of our clients—which is so important to us."
Illustrating his point about retention, Rosenberg added that a senior associate, Pam Cavallo, retired at the end of March after 31 years with the firm. Cavallo credits her long career there to the trust, teamwork, and flexibility embedded in INTAC's corporate culture.
"I started working for founders Max and Harry Rosenberg, who were easy to work with and had complete trust and faith in their associates," says Cavallo. "They were flexible about meeting my scheduling needs when family matters became a priority through the years. They also fostered great camaraderie at the office, where I've made many long-lasting friendships."
Cavallo added that there were only about 8 associates when she began her career at INTAC. Today, there are more than 60.
INTAC is located at 50 Tice Boulevard in Woodcliff Lake, N.J. It is part of FuturePlan, a national TPA formed by 28 outstanding legacy firms to create a unique market position: high-touch service from expert local TPAs backed by the strength and security of a large national firm. Visit intacinc.com and FuturePlan.com to learn more.
Intac Actuarial Services, Inc. (INTAC) has been providing full-service retirement plan design, implementation, administration, and consulting for employer-sponsored retirement plans since 1977. The firm currently serves more than 3,000 small- to mid-sized companies, business owners, key executives, and associates in 35 states. In 2018, INTAC joined the FuturePlan by Ascensus family of retirement services providers. It has been recognized as an NJBiz Best Place to Work five times and has been consistently named by the publication as New Jersey's #1 401(k) defined contribution provider. For more information, visit intacinc.com.
FuturePlan is the nation's largest retirement third-party administrator, combining high-touch local service with the strength and security of an industry leader. A line of business within Ascensus, FuturePlan's dedicated team serves more than 56,000 retirement plan sponsors in more than 40 locations across the country as of December 31, 2019. For more information, visit
FuturePlan.com.
About NJBiz Best Places to Work
The Best Places to Work in New Jersey is a survey and awards program dedicated to identifying and recognizing the area's best employers and providing organizations with valuable employee feedback. Small (15 – 40 associates), medium (50 – 249 associates), and large (more than 250 associates) honorees are decided based upon their participation with the Best Places to Work survey from fellow NJBiz sister firm Best Companies Group. The program confidentially collects data, allowing workers to comfortably share feedback about their employers so that those companies can learn from and act on what they learn. For a one-page program overview, click here.
Ascensus Appoints Lori Zeman as Division Vice President, Western Region
Company Veteran Brings Experience Across Multiple Sales and Operations Disciplines to Organizational Leadership Role
Dresher, PA—Ascensus—whose technology and expertise help millions of people save for retirement, education, and healthcare—is pleased to announce the appointment of Lori Zeman as division vice president of the firm's retirement plan sales team for the western region.
In this role, Zeman will help achieve national goals for Ascensus retirement plan sales while leading a team of external sales associates alongside Ascensus veteran Anthony Bologna, who will continue to manage the eastern half of the sales organization. She most recently served as a regional vice president for the firm's Pacific Northwest region, covering Alaska, Washington, Oregon, Nevada, Idaho, and Montana.
Along with an impressive track record of sales excellence, Zeman brings more than 15 years of financial services experience in relationship management and business development. She earned her Bachelor of Arts degree from Bemidji State University. She also holds her FINRA Series 6 and 63 designations along with her Certified IRA Professional (CIP) designation.
"Lori's deep understanding of Ascensus and tireless desire to help those around her excel have earned her the respect of colleagues both within our organization and across the industry," said Jason Crane, head of retirement sales at Ascensus. "I've been touting Ascensus' ability to attract and retain top talent for years now; I couldn't be happier to point out that our ideal and most-qualified hire came from within our own organization."
Ascensus helps millions of people save for what matters—retirement, education, and healthcare. Our technology, market insights, and business knowledge enhance the growth and success of our partners, their clients, and savers. Ascensus is the largest independent recordkeeping services provider, third-party administrator, and government savings facilitator in the United States. For more information, visit ascensus.com. Explore the Ascensus' latest data and insights on savings behaviors at pulse.ascensus.com and view career opportunities at careers.ascensus.com.
Dan Basile Shares Best Practices for Fostering Engagement with Financial Wellness Programs
By External Media
Source: PLANSPONSOR
In a PLANSPONSOR webcast presented on March 25, Dan Basile, Ascensus' head of retirement product, shared perspective on tactics employers can leverage to foster employee engagement with their financial wellness offerings. He encourages employers to utilize multi-channel communications tactics and to identify employee advocates who can act as champions of the program to their colleagues.
He also shared insight on why Ascensus chose to partner with Financial Finesse and how we've incorporated their wellness tools and services into our core retirement plan product to ensure employees across businesses of all sizes could access the tools and education they need to chart a personalized savings strategy. Watch a full recording of the webcast here.
Ascensus Appoints Two New Regional Vice Presidents
Michael Moschetta and James Swartz Join Retirement Plan Sales Team to Support Financial Advisors and Their Clients
Dresher, PA—Ascensus—whose technology and expertise help millions of people save for retirement, education, and healthcare—is pleased to announce the appointments of Michael Moschetta and James Swartz as regional vice presidents on the firm's retirement plan sales team.
Moschetta and Swartz are tasked with building and maintaining Ascensus' retirement plan distribution networks by working with financial advisors, third-party administrators, and financial institutions—including institutional and DCIO (defined contribution investment only) partners. Moschetta will report to Anthony Bologna, retirement sales divisional vice president of the eastern region, and Swartz to the soon-to-be-appointed head of the western region.
Moschetta will serve the Erie territory, covering Pittsburgh and upstate New York. He brings nearly 20 years of retirement experience across both recordkeeping platforms and investments, with a focus on consultative sales, relationship building, and financial acumen. He most recently worked as a regional vice president for CUNA Mutual Retirement Solutions and has also held retirement sales positions at Neuberger Berman, The Hartford, and Nationwide.
Moschetta earned his Bachelor of Science in Business Administration: Marketing from The Ohio State University. He also holds FINRA Series 6, 7, 63, and 65 designations.
Swartz will represent Ascensus in the newly established L.A. and Central Valley region, which was created to enhance sales support and coverage in California. Alongside counterparts in the Northern and Southern California regions, Swartz will tap into his 20+ years of retirement product, sales, and relationship management experience to serve advisors and their clients in the nation's most populous state. He most recently held the position of senior regional sales manager for Securian Financial and has also held positions at Transamerica, SunGard, and Wells Fargo.
Swartz earned his Bachelor of Science in Business Administration & Finance from California State University, Northridge and his Master of Business Administration in Management from California State University, San Bernardino. He is an Accredited Investment Fiduciary® and holds FINRA Series 7 and 66 designations as well as a life insurance license.
"Adding Michael and James reaffirms Ascensus' commitment to supporting advisors and their clients with high-performing individuals who build meaningful, lasting relationships and business alliances," said Jason Crane, head of retirement sales at Ascensus. "In James' case, the creation of a new territory also demonstrates Ascensus' continued investment in distribution so that we may help more people save for what matters."


text:
El macizo de Bashchelak (en ruso: Бащелакский хребет) forma un macizo montañoso del noroeste del Altaï en la parte meridional del Krai de Altái. Alcanza los 2421 metros de altitud.

Geografía
Los montes se encuentran entre los ríos Charysh y Anui formando la línea divisoria de aguas. Son poco elevados al noroeste, donde están cubiertos de bosques con estepas, y más elevados al sudeste, donde están cubiertos de bosques de hoja caduca. Están cubiertos por la taiga al norte y al noreste. Por encima de 2000 metros de altitud, se encuentran los prados y la tundra alpina.

Lugares destacados
Las cascadas del río Shinok se encuentran en la región, así como la gruta del Museo.

Fuente

Krai de Altái


Thanks. I bought a 7000 Watt generator online. should arrive here in a couple of weeks. will update you all when i test it out.
Dawn dish washing liquid for fleas. leave on for 7 minutes.
Thanks. I am thinking what it is the best way to bring down one.
If i order one through amazon to my ocean shipping company, will there be any special things i will have to do to clear it when it reaches.
Is it illegal to bring an ATV down in parts and reassemble for offroad use?
Topic: Natural Safe Methods to combat "bachac"
Re: Natural Safe Methods to combat "bachac"
I am in the market for a generator. who has good prices locally?
Topic: Bmobile Free Talk & LTE data for 1 year?
Re: Bmobile Free Talk & LTE data for 1 year?
17 FAQS and not one saying how much free calls or data.
Caribbean Safety Products have a San Juan Branch?
I saw one advertised, but I cannot find any record of it online.
Topic: Lets talk portable generators!
Re: Lets talk portable generators!
Just purchased one since Christmas and Flood do not mix .
Post some pictures nah. How much wattage?
Anyone bought a generator recently?
Looking to get one that I can weld from.
I am wondering if it will be cheaper to buy one locally or on Amazon.
Anyone ever do one of these?
Topic: Pundit wants back his $670k... (yes tis I with another PASHAW story)..
Re: Pundit wants back his $670k... (yes tis I with another PASHAW story)..
Does the Np300 XE (mnaual) comes with an touchscreen android compatible stereo?
If not, can it be changed without voiding warranty?
i always wondered how they make their money.
Works very well. One of the motion sensors kept tripping. It just needed some adjustment.
Going to install the wall spike product from VII next.
Thanks for the input. I got a touch screen alarm system and security cameras very reasonably by a local company. Works really good so far.
Anyone have experience with Max Motor atvs?


text:
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func (c *client) Replication() Replication {
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


"There is a proverb in Sanskrit literature that enthusiastic persons achieve the Goddess of Fortune. In the Western part of the world there is tangible example of this slogan. People in this part of the world are very much enthusiastic in material advancement and they have got it. Similarly, according to the instructions of Srila Rupa Goswami, if we become enthusiastic in spiritual matters, then we also get success in that way. Take for example, I came to your country in ripe old age, but I had one asset: enthusiasm and faith on my Spiritual Master. I think these assets only are giving me some lights of hope, whatever I have achieved so far with your cooperation."


K1 Speed in Carson, California is the place to race for younger drivers looking to give kart racing a try in Los Angeles. The growing Junior/Teen Challenge GP league which held its second round to the second half of the 2011 series this past Tuesday hosted a number of drivers at the K1 Torrance facility. With two sets of groups splitting the drivers up by height Junior class drivers are 4′-4'10", and teen drivers fall in the 4'10" and up category giving everyone a chance to compete with others of the same skill level and age range.
The Junior drivers would see clean driving all evening with Max Barnett taking the overall feature win for this class. He was followed by Chase Calero in second and rounding out the podium was Mathieu Ishida in third. The Teen group of drivers was no acceptation to the clean driving with Henry Morse showing his dominance by taking the class win. Rees Barnett would finish closely in second place and Gavin Shanofsky would round out the top three of the field in third.
The growing popularity of the Jr League is gaining popularity quickly and is a great way to get younger races to experience competitive kart racing. Come out to the next event which is scheduled September 6th and check out the K1 Speed Jr League Challenge GP race series.


Can Toms River find a way to curb development?
Neither a building moratorium or a multifamily housing ban seem likely to garner the support of a majority of Toms River's Township Council.
TOMS RIVER - Can a divided Township Council find a way to slow development?
Two proposals to curb construction — a building moratorium and rezoning to eliminate multifamily housing — don't seem likely to garner majority council support.
Republican Councilman Maurice B. "Mo" Hill Jr. on Tuesday said Councilman Daniel Rodrick's proposal to eliminate multifamily zoning could leave Toms River vulnerable to lawsuits from developers and those seeking to build affordable housing.
"It could potentially lead to Toms River having an increased number" of affordable housing units, Hill said, if a judge determined that the town was using discriminatory zoning practices to exclude affordable housing.
In January, Republican Councilman George E. Wittmann Jr. asked the Toms River Municipal Utilities Authority to study the sewer system in northern Toms River to see if the increased development has put it under strain.
Wittmann said a building moratorium could be put in place if the MUA finds that the system can not keep up with the demand from new housing. But a building ban might not survive a court challenge.
State law requires that a "qualified health professional" produce a written opinion "that a clear imminent danger to the health of the inhabitants of the municipality exists" in order to put a building moratorium in place for a maximum of six months.
Learn more about the building moratorium proposal in the video above.
In the late 1980s, Wall and Middletown put building bans in place because of drought concerns. Both bans were struck down by Monmouth County Superior Court judges.
Last month, Rodrick, a Democrat, had proposed that the council eliminate all multifamily zoning, which allows several homes per acre and frequently includes apartments and townhouse developments.
There are more than a dozen properties zoned multifamily in Toms River. They are zoned to allow six, eight or 12 homes per acre.
Rodrick had asked township staff to draft an ordinance eliminating multifamily zoning to be ready for introduction March 13. But no ordinance was introduced Tuesday.
Hill chided Rodrick for proposing such a measure without consulting the rest of the council and Toms River's professional staff. He said his council colleague should "think long and hard before jumping in with both feet."
Rodrick said he and Hill met last week with Township Planner Dave Roberts and Engineer Robert J. Chankalian to discuss rezoning and the potential purchase of more vacant property in town.
SHAKE SHACK: Shake Shack coming to Freehold Township?
"I'm still hopeful we could work together to rectify what many residents identify as a surge of development in Toms River," Rodrick said.
Frustration over rapid development — particularly in the North Dover and Pleasant Plains sections of town — helped Democrats win three seats on the seven-member council in November.
EAGLE RIDGE: Lakewood's Eagle Ridge Golf Club: Developer wants feedback, but will it matter?
Both Democrats and Republicans are struggling to respond to public anger over increased building by finding a realistic method to slow development.
More than 1,400 homes are either under construction or have been approved in the area. All of the developments contain at least 20 percent affordable housing units, to help Toms River meet its state-mandated obligation to provide such housing.
In 2016, the township reached an agreement with the Fair Share Housing Center, a housing advocacy group, that requires Toms River to provide 1,285 units of affordable housing, the fourth-highest number in the state.
Councilman Wittmann suggested Tuesday that the township partner with the MUA and Ocean County to purchase more vacant land.
He also said the council should put a referendum on the November ballot that would ask residents if Toms River's open space tax should be doubled, from 1.5 cents per $100 of assessed property value to 3 cents.
That would give Toms River more money to purchase vacant land to be used for recreation or kept as open space, Wittmann said.
The 1.5-cent open space tax generates about $1.9 million annually; doubling the tax would raise the amount to nearly $4 million.


ITVoice News- Supertron Electronics Pvt limited, has organized National Sales Meet in Bangkok early May'14 and worked out a business plans for year 2014-15.Company has set the target 2000 crore and each team member is determined and enthusiastic to achieve this goal. Supertron has set the theme for the year is "Towards a quantum leap". V.K.Bhandari Chairman & managing Director of Supertron Electronics Pvt Ltd (SEPL) has explained that this is a concrete initiatives by the company and to reach this height, we have various plans and innovations.
Supertron has foresees the future and promising market of SSD and added the product line and nationally doing the business of Samsung and Transcend SSD, Dell AMD series laptop, Dell TAB for southern market along with central India market Nagpur and Indore.Company is also focusing on special vertical of CVR (Car Video Recorders) which will be for Transcend, this product will go Online and also thru Automobile accessory market.
Further to strengthen the branch network Supertron opened branches in Vijaywada, Calicut, Madurai, Hubli and Surat. Supertron introduced these branches to reach out to partners from the rural areas and enable to grab the market share and develop better relationship with the partners. Company has the Satellite branches and opening few Satellite branches be a great help for Supertron to put its footprints in secondary market.
Speaking on the landmark, Bhandari, said, we are adding new product lines in our basket and maintaining current market dynamics, Supertron is providing its partners a better support in terms of logistics, marketing & warranty, schemes & promotional support. We aim to add more retail partners, SI and dealers from smaller towns".
Supertron is already the National Distributor for Seagate, Transcend, Acer, Dell (Desktop, Laptop. DLP Projector and TFTs) IBM, Buffalo, Samsung, Digilite and Cyberoam to name with others. Supertron is also revamping the own PC Component brands "Supercomp" and focusing on smaller cities and offering quality products as UPS,TV Tuner ,Keyboard, mouse and SMPS..
Meanwhile, Supertron has organized a "national accounts meet" with all branch accountants in Kolkata on 13th July to structuring the internal systems and policies to achieve 2000 crore yardstick.


In a large skillet, melt butter and sauté onions and mushrooms. Prepare kasha according to basic directions on package, adding the sautéed vegetables when the liquid is added and eliminating any additional butter or margarine. Before serving, fluff kasha with a fork and sprinkle with parsley.
The traditional Eastern European manner for serving varnishkas is as an accompaniment to beef brisket – along with lots of gravy or meat juices. Contemporary cooks may prefer to skip the gravy and pair this healthful and satisfying combo with turkey or lamb kebobs, veal loin, grilled swordfish, roasted chicken or boneless duck breasts. Vegetarians who pay attention to complementary proteins can be assured that varnishkas make an appropriate and nutritious meatless entree.
Amounts of mushrooms, onions and pasta bows can be increased, if desired. Shiitake or porcini mushrooms (fresh or dried) intensify the flavor. Instead of butter, some cooks use a combination of butter and walnut or hazelnut oil to sauté mushrooms and onions.
Fresh or dried herbs, such as thyme, oregano or chervil. Garlic.
Vary this basic pilaf to suit your tastes and the menu. Veggie variations: shallots, garlic, celery, carrots, peas, sweet peppers, kohlrabi. Favorite Fruits: apples, pears, currants, dried apricots, cherries, fresh or dried cranberries. Other options: herbs-thyme, rosemary, oregano, chervil, lovage, toasted pecans or almonds.


text:
Group to fly local WWII vet to D.C. memorials
Dan Wallach
April 18, 2016 Updated: April 18, 2016 9:13 a.m.
1of6Clyde DeFrate talks about his time in the U.S. Air Force while sitting behind a wooden replica of a B-17 bomber at his home on Thursday. DeFrates will be flown to Washington D.C. later this month to visit the World War II Memorial. DeFrates served in WWII as ball-turret gunner in a B-17 bomber. A graduate of Port Arthur, DeFrates flew 33 missions including a bombing run over Berlin in February of 1945. Photo taken Thursday, April 15, 2016 Guiseppe Barranco/The EnterpriseGuiseppe Barranco/Photo EditorShow MoreShow Less
2of6Clyde DeFrate during his time as an airmen in the U.S. Air Force. Photo provided by Clyde DeFrateGuiseppe Barranco/Photo EditorShow MoreShow Less
3of6Items collected by Clyde DeFrates' while working as a ball-turret gunner for the U.S. Air Force. DeFrates will be flown to Washington D.C. later this month to visit the World War II Memorial. DeFrates served in WWII as ball-turret gunner in a B-17 bomber. A graduate of Port Arthur, DeFrates flew 33 missions including a bombing run over Berlin in February of 1945. Photo taken Thursday, April 15, 2016 Guiseppe Barranco/The EnterpriseGuiseppe Barranco/Photo EditorShow MoreShow Less
4of6A wooden replica of a B-17 at Clyde DeFrates' Home. DeFrates will be flown to Washington D.C. later this month to visit the World War II Memorial. DeFrates served in WWII as ball-turret gunner in a B-17 bomber. A graduate of Port Arthur, DeFrates flew 33 missions including a bombing run over Berlin in February of 1945. Photo taken Thursday, April 15, 2016 Guiseppe Barranco/The EnterpriseGuiseppe Barranco/Photo EditorShow MoreShow Less
5of6Clyde DeFrates sifts through military paperwork at his home on Thursday. A Houston veterans group will fly DeFrates and other veterans to Washington D.C. later this month to see the World War II Memorial. DeFrates served in WWII as ball-turret gunner in a B-17 bomber. A graduate of Port Arthur, DeFrates flew 33 missions including a bombing run over Berlin in February of 1945. Photo taken Thursday, April 15, 2016 Guiseppe Barranco/The EnterpriseGuiseppe Barranco/Photo EditorShow MoreShow Less
Clyde Defrates Jr. earned his diploma from Thomas Jefferson High School in his native Port Arthur in January 1944. The next day, he was sworn into the armed forces of the United States.
Which do you want, the Army or the Air Force, he was asked.
"Let's try Air Force," he said and off he went for training.
The Air Force in those days was the Air Corps and part of the U.S. Army.
On Dec. 30, 1944, Defrates climbed into a B-17 Flying Fortress at a base north of London and the pilot took off down the runway with a load of bombs to drop on Germany.
After that eight-hour mission, they landed back at the base, Defrates cleaned the twin .50-caliber machine guns he had crouched over in his "office," the rotating ball turret in the B-17's belly. He slept in a warm bed after a good meal, got up the next day - New Year's Eve - and took the same ride over some of the most heavily defended air space in the world.
Later this month, Defrates will board a much more comfortable plane in Houston for an expenses-paid trip to Washington, D.C., to visit the nation's war memorials, specifically the memorial for veterans of World War II.
At 90, DeFrates is in great shape, takes a 20-minute walk every day, lives in the house he has owned for 53 years, tends his garden, builds "yard angels" for his grandkids and leads an active social life.
During the war, he flew 33 missions in a B-17, defying the odds in a service notorious for high casualties because of enemy fighters, anti-aircraft artillery called flak and the ever-present chance of a fatal accident like a collision or engine failure.
Defrates saw two B-17s collide over the North Sea and crash into the water. He had been on one of them 48 hours earlier as a replacement belly gunner when its regular gunner went on sick call.
At the height of the war in Europe for the United States, the Eighth Air Force, composed of more than 2,000 four-engine bombers and 1,000 fighter planes, had more than 200,000 airmen and officers. More than 26,000 men in the Eighth Air Force were killed in combat, more than the Marines lost in the Pacific war.
Defrates said he thinks he is the only surviving member of his crew that served on board the Mississippi Miss, a plane handed down to them after an earlier crew rotated out of active duty.
He flew aboard planes called the Flying Vixen, Blind Date and Stork Club, but most of his missions were in the Mississippi Miss, even though none of the nine-man crew was from Mississippi.
"You didn't dare change the name of the plane," he said.
A leading B-17 has 10 crew members, including a bombardier. All the other planes opened their bomb bays when the lead plane did, dropped their loads and headed homeward.
Defrates said a B-17 could fly well on three engines, which was not an uncommon occurrence.
He saw one B-17 with only two operating engines. One conked out approaching the runway and the last one gave up just as the pilot eased the wheels down.
Defrates, who had a career with the Texas Department of Transportation and with a couple of engineering outfits after his first retirement, will be one of a dozen recipients in June to see the nation's memorials to the 12 million who served in World War II courtesy of a nonprofit group called Honor Flight Houston.
"The American Veteran is one of our nation's greatest treasures - the men and women who answer our nation's call at its greatest time of need. At Honor Flight Houston, our mission is to thank and pay tribute to these heroes - especially our World War - I Veterans - by taking them to Washington, D.C., for two days of honor and remembrance at no cost to them," the group states on its website.
Even though Defrates is physically active, he'll have to ride a wheelchair on the visit. All the veterans will.
It's required so other vets who are not so spry won't feel pressured to keep up or over-promise their limited mobility.
One of his daughters will accompany him and already is having a little fun at Defrates' expense, telling him that he'll have to do what she says now.
While Defrates might enjoy his daily almost-mile walk, he's far from being able to crouch in a ball turret anymore.
At take-off, Defrates rode in the waist with that position's gunner because to get into the ball turret, the guns have to point down. There isn't clearance on a B-17 to do that on take-off or landing.
As the formations sortied over the North Sea en route to Germany, he would crank open the hatch on the turret and squeeze himself in a crouch.
In an eight-hour roundtrip, an airman might have to relieve himself. That was done by urinating into a funnel and holding it up straight so the urine would run down a tube to the exterior of the plane.
At 30,000 feet, it's cold in the unpressurized ship and if you didn't clear out the urine and it froze in the hose, the rest of the crew "gives you the devil," Defrates said.
When enemy planes pounced, the B-17s were arranged so that every gun could provide maximum protection for the formation.
A squadron was 12 planes, arranged in four Vs, he said.
"We were Tail-End Charlie Low," Defrates said. "We were the bottom V, bottom ship, left-hand side. We'd drop our bombs, the pilot would hit the left rudder hard and we'd go down to 150 feet and the fighter planes couldn't get you."
He shrugs about whether he hit an enemy fighter. A gunner is too busy to really notice, he said. Lots of other guns are trained on the same target, too.
Defrates remembers one mission in particular. It was Feb. 3, 1945. Their destination was Berlin, the capital of Nazi Germany.
He recorded each mission on a spiral notepad calendar, writing an "X" through the day after each return.
"I really took note of that one," he said.
Defrates said he met only one other veteran from Port Arthur during his time in the service, and it was after they returned to the United States after the war.
The man was Harry Kieschnick. Defrates married Kieschnick's younger sister Marilyn in September 1949. The couple was together for 61 years until her death in 2011. They have three children and five grandchildren.
Defrates will board the Honor Flight Houston plane with two dozen other veterans, which includes three women, and their chaperones for the two-day trip.
"I feel honored that people would donate to make a flight for vets to see the memorials," Defrates said.
DWallach@BeaumontEnterprise.comTwitter.com/dwallach
Dan Wallach is a reporter with the Beaumont Enterprise.


Filigree principal Josephine Gotianun Yap.
Luxury and design were the topics of conversation when Filigree, the newest luxury real estate brand in the country, was formally introduced to a select group at The Enclave Alabang's tropical modern clubhouse.
On hand to welcome distinguished guests and to lead the ceremonial toast was Josephine Gotianun Yap, one of the top leaders in the property industry today. "Filigree is my personal pride and joy, a venture that I am most proud of. In creating Filigree, we were inspired by global trends in luxury developments, offering masterpieces that are of low-density, a result of a collaboration of experts—design minds, builders and craftsmen," she said.
Spotted at the event were world-class consultants Bill Higgins of Architecture International, Juan Seriña Jr. and Raymond Hernandez of H1 Architecture, Isabelle Miaja of Miaja Design Group, Armando Casibang of AECOM and Budji Layug and Royal Pineda of Budji+Royal Architecture+Design. A sumptuous dinner was prepared by chef Margarita Fores.
Filigree's luxury property portfolio includes luxury high-rise developments such as The Beaufort at Bonifacio Global City, Bristol at Parkway Place and Botanika Nature Residences both at Filinvest City Alabang, and The Enclave Alabang, the ultimate in low-density, subdivision living.


Before we jump right into the code, we're going to discuss the architecture Gravity PDF uses to register and load custom templates, how multisite sites differ from standard WordPress installations and briefly touch on the template hierarchy.
When Gravity PDF is installed it automatically creates a folder called PDF_EXTENDED_TEMPLATES in your WordPress upload directory. This folder is used to store temporary files, fonts and custom PDF templates. Any PHP files in the root of this folder will be classified as a PDF template1 and the system will automatically register it.
On a vanilla WordPress installation the full path to the PDF_EXTENDED_TEMPLATES directory is /wp-content/uploads/PDF_EXTENDED_TEMPLATES. Your installation may be different if defining custom WP_CONTENT_DIR or UPLOADS constants.
Running the Setup Custom Templates tool function from Forms -> Settings -> PDF -> Tools in your admin area will setup the required folder structure and automatically copy all the core templates to the PDF_EXTENDED_TEMPLATES directory so you can easily begin templating. We recommend you copy and rename one of the core templates in PDF_EXTENDED_TEMPLATES to use as a starting point for your custom template.
To correctly handle multisite installations the plugin creates a directory in PDF_EXTENDED_TEMPLATES for each active multisite. The folders use the site ID parameter to determine which templates to load. For instance, site #5 will use the folder /wp-content/uploads/PDF_EXTENDED_TEMPLATES/5/ for its templates.
The site ID can be found by looking at each site's Edit URL in the Network Admin -> Sites section of your admin area (you'll need to be logged in as a network administrator). Alternatively, the site ID column is automatically added to this page when using the Multisite Enhancements plugin.
When we designed the Gravity PDF template system we used the Theme hierarchy as a starting point. The plugin's core templates are like the parent theme, while the PDF_EXTENDED_TEMPLATES directory acts like a child theme. All core template can be overridden by placing a file with the same name in PDF_EXTENDED_TEMPLATES – which is what happens automatically when you follow the preparing the infrastructure step.
The hierarchy in Multisite installations function a similar way to standard WordPress sites, except there are three hierarchy layers instead of two. The core templates and PDF_EXTENDED_TEMPLATES directory still act like parent and child themes, but the unique site folders act like a child "child theme".
The templates places in the root PDF_EXTENDED_TEMPLATES directory are loaded by all sites in the network. While templates in a site-specific directory – like PDF_EXTENDED_TEMPLATES/5/ – are, well, site specific. Keep in mind templates in site specific folders override templates in the root PDF_EXTENDED_TEMPLATES directory. This setup becomes very useful when duplicating sites in your network, but in most cases you can just drop your custom template in the unique site folders.
Template Name: The name of your template, which will be displayed to the user when selecting templates.
Description: A short summary about what your PDF template is for.
Version: The current version number of your PDF template.
Group: The group your PDF should be assigned to. The group can be anything and helps users find the templates they're looking for.
Required PDF Version: The minimum Gravity PDF version required to run the template.
* Description: A minimalist business-style template that will generate a well-spaced document great for printing. Through the Template tab you can control the PDF header and footer, change the background color or image, and show or hide the form title, page names, HTML fields and the Section Break descriptions.
The current Gravity Form object being processed. This is the main object in Gravity Forms and contains all properties of a particular form – form title, fields, notification, confirmation ect.
The current Gravity Form entry object being processed. This object contains all properties of a particular entry in raw format – accessing field data directly from the object should be avoided. The object is formatted as an associative array and the field IDs are the array keys.
The formatted $entry data stored in an associative array. View full documentation on the $form_data array.
The current PDF configuration settings in array format. Standard settings like filename and font size are stored in this array, as well as template-specific settings.
An array of the current Gravity Forms fields which can be accessed using their field ID number – print_r( $fields );. This is just a formatted version of the $form['fields'] array.
This is the main Gravity PDF object which contains all our helper classes (including data, form, options, notices, misc and log). Power users may find this useful.
An associative array containing all of the above variables. For instance $args['form'] or $args['entry'] reference $form and $entry, respectively.
The current form ID being processed. We recommend you use $form['id'] or $entry['form_id'] instead.
The current entry ID being processed. We recommend you use $entry['id'] instead.
An array of the selected entries to be processed. This array was used in Gravity PDF v3 to process multiple entries in a single PDF, but this had a lot of performance problems and has been removed in v4+. We strongly recommend against using this.
Now we've got all the theory out of the way let's create our first PDF template. In the traditional fashion, this will be a basic "Hello World" PDF.
As you can see it's very simple to let Gravity PDF know about your PDF template. More information about each individual header is available in the Template Structure section.
Think of Gravity PDF templates as HTML that is automatically included inside the  tag – unlike Gravity PDF v3 templates you won't need to add a <!DOCTYPE html> or  mark-up. Any supported CSS can be placed in the


Balloon Sinuplasty™ has been utilized in over 126,000 patients and 336,000 sinuses. Each day approximately 200 sinus surgeries are performed with this technology. The technology has had a significant impact on the treatment of chronic sinusitis, leading to positive outcomes in patients' lives to widen sinus ostia during the treatment of chronic sinusitis. Balloon Sinuplasty™ has been shown to be safe and effective in the treatment of sinus disease. Ultimately Balloon Sinuplasty™ may allow for significant patient symptom relief combined with rapid return-to-work.
Balloon Sinuplasty is a novel, endoscopic, catheter-based technology utilized in sinus surgery that you can discuss with your doctor. This FDA-cleared technology uses a small, flexible, sinus balloon catheter to open up blocked sinus passageways, restoring normal sinus drainage. When the sinus balloon is inflated, it gently restructures and widens the walls of the passageway while maintaining the integrity of the sinus lining.
Balloon Sinuplasty technology is used by qualified ENT physicians and involves the use of small balloons to open blocked sinuses; this approach is similar to the usage of balloons to open blocked arteries in modern angioplasty. In the diagram on the right, an inflamed and blocked maxillary sinus is a possible candidate for surgery with Balloon Sinuplasty.


text:
CATEGORY : FIFA 18 | Faces
Paulinho face and tattoo
AUTHOR seif.ahmed31 | February 16 2018 | 8396 hits
Be the first to rate this file
MOD DESCRIPTION
you have to add squad files to make tattoos work it is official update 15/2
enjoy :)
José Paulo Bezerra Maciel Júnior, commonly known as Paulinho, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Spanish club FC Barcelona and the Brazil national team. Paulinho has been described as a box-to-box midfielder, with powerful running and good movement into the box.
He also offers a useful presence in set piece situations at both ends of the pitch.
MODDER INFO
seif.ahmed31
TOTAL HITS : 8385
SCREENSHOTS GALLERY
MODDINGWAY MIRROR
Alternative Mirrors
FIFA 18 MODS GALLERY
Nike Hypervenom Harry Kane - Boots
Posted by AdiooszPL on February 16
FA MOD new transfers UPDATE!
Posted by iturbe 1967 on February 15
FIFA 18 GAME DESCRIPTION
FIFA 18 is a football simulation video game in the FIFA series of video games, developed and published by Electronic Arts and was released worldwide on 29 September 2017.
FIFA 18 is the second installment in the series to use the Frostbite 3 game engine and includes a continuation of "The Journey" a story-based mode that was originally in FIFA 17 entitled "The Journey: Hunter Returns".
FIFA 18 features the third tier of Germany's Bundesliga, the 3. Liga. It also features the Iceland national football team, the Saudi Arabia national football team, both the men's and women's national New Zealand teams and has again the Turkish Super League after EA renewed its licence with them.
Download Paulinho face and tattoo . This is a mod for FIFA 18 video game.
IMPORTANT : This mod was created to be used only with a legal copy of the game.


text:
\subsection{Background}
The cost incurred while traversing a vertex via two consecutive edges of different colors is called \emph{traversal cost} and it depends only on the colors of the traversed edges. This cost leads to two different global cost measures that appeared in the literature under the names of \emph{reload cost} and \emph{changeover cost}.

The reload cost concept is defined in \cite{wirth2001reload} and it received attention only recently, although it has numerous applications. For instance, a color may represent the mode of transportation in an intermodal cargo transportation network. The traversal cost corresponds to the cost of transferring cargo from one carrier to another. Another application is in energy distribution networks, where the energy transfer from one carrier to another one, such as the conversion of natural gas from liquid to gas state, results in loss of energy. In telecommunications, traversal costs arise in numerous settings. For instance, routing in a heterogeneous network requires switching among different technologies such as cables, fibers, and satellite links. This switching cost can be modeled by traversal costs. Even within the same technology, switching between different providers, for instance switching between different commercial satellite providers in satellite networks, leads to a switching cost. All applications hitherto mentioned can be modeled using traversal costs where an edge-colored graph is given as input, and this is the focus of the works in the literature, e.g. \cite{wirth2001reload, galbiati2008complexity, GGM14mincyclecover, gourves2010dmtcs, AGM11minreloadpathstoursflows, gamvros2012reload, GGM11minchangeover, GSVZ14}. However, problems of finding a proper edge coloring so as to minimize the reload (or changeover) cost have important applications as well. For instance, recently, cognitive radio networks (CRN) have gained increasing attention in the communication networks research community. Unlike other wireless technologies, CRNs are envisioned to operate in a wide range of frequencies. Therefore, switching from one frequency band to another frequency band in a CRN has a significant cost in terms of delay and power consumption \cite{gozupek2013spectrum}. An optimal allocation of frequencies to the wireless links in CRNs so that the switching cost is minimized, corresponds to a proper edge coloring minimizing the traversal cost. In this work we focus on this type of problems.

The reload cost refers to the sum of the traversal costs of a set of paths in a graph, whereas the changeover cost does not depend on the amount of commodity (or number of paths) traversing a vertex. The works \cite{wirth2001reload,galbiati2008complexity} consider the problem of finding a spanning tree having minimum diameter with respect to reload cost. The paper \cite{GGM14mincyclecover} considers the \emph{minimum reload cost cycle cover} problem, which is to find a set of vertex disjoint cycles spanning all vertices, with minimum reload cost. In \cite{gourves2010dmtcs}, the authors study the problem of finding a path, trail, or walk of minimum reload cost between two given vertices. They consider (a)symmetric reload costs and reload costs with(out) triangle inequality.
The paper \cite{gamvros2012reload} studies the problem of finding a spanning tree that minimizes the sum of reload costs over the paths
between \emph{all} pairs of vertices. The paper \cite{AGM11minreloadpathstoursflows} presents various path, tour, and flow problems related to reload costs.
One of the problems studied in that work is the \emph{minimum reload cost path-tree}, which
is to find a spanning tree that minimizes the reload cost from a given root vertex to all other vertices.
The paper \cite{GGM11minchangeover} studies a closely related, yet different problem, called
\emph{minimum changeover cost arborescence} in which the goal is to find a spanning tree that minimizes the changeover cost from a given root vertex to all other vertices.
The work in \cite{GSVZ14} considers the same problem and derives several inapproximability results, as well as polynomial-time algorithms for some special cases. In \cite{GSSZ14-ChangeoverTreewidth} these special cases are extended to show that the problem is polynomial-time solvable in bounded treewidth graphs.

\subsection{Our Contribution and Research Directions}
In this paper, we consider a different problem and focus on proper edge coloring of a given graph such that the reload/changeover cost is minimized. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first study of this family of problems. Specifically, we formulate two pairs of problems. In the first pair of problems, given a set of paths comprising a graph, the goal is to find a proper edge coloring of the graph so that the reload (resp. changeover) cost is minimized. In the second pair of problems, given a graph and a root vertex, the goal is to find proper edge coloring and a spanning tree of the graph so that the reload (resp. changeover) cost from the root vertex to all other vertices is minimized. We present several hardness results as well as polynomial-time solvable special cases of these problems.

Specifically, we show that the first pair of problems are hard to approximate in general, within any polynomial-time computable function of the input length, and this result is valid when the traversal costs are unbounded. When the traversal costs are bounded, we prove that the problems remain $\nph$ even when the underlying network is a star. However, we prove that this pair of problems are polynomial-time solvable in trees when the degrees of the vertices are bounded.

We then prove that the second pair of problems are $\apxh$ under bounded traversal costs in directed graphs. On the positive side, for these problems, we present a polynomial-time algorithm on trees (where both the degrees, and traversal costs are unbounded). We extend this algorithm to graphs where the difference between the number of edges and the number of vertices is constant, i.e. graphs that are in some sense close to trees. However, this extension does not cover cactus graphs, which have treewidth $2$. To solve the problem for other special graph classes such as cactus graphs or bounded treewidth graphs is one possible research direction. Another interesting research direction is to analyze these problems from the perspective of parameterized complexity where a few important and practical parameters are the treewidth of the graph, the number of colors, and the ratio of the largest traversal cost to the smallest non-zero traversal cost.

\section{Introduction}\label{sec:Intro}
\input{introduction}

\section{Preliminaries}
\label{sec:Preliminaries}
\input{preliminaries}

\section{Hardness Results}\label{sec:Herdness}
\input{hardness}

\section{Polynomial-time Solvable Cases}\label{sec:Algorithms}
\input{algorithms}

\small
\input{Main.bbl}
\end{document}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv