text:
History of the Holland America Line. | THE PAST AND NOW.
America headquarters holland
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· The Holland America Line was founded in 1873 as the Dutch-America Steamship Company (Dutch: Nederlandsch-Amerikaansche Stoomvaart Maatschappij), a shipping and passenger line. Selig said Holland America would not lease the remaining 9,000 square feet in the Third Avenue West building. Holland America Line N. · We looked for opportunities to incorporate this into Holland America's new headquarters, spaces where you can feel the energy of the group, but be protected and have enough privacy to do your own thing. Where is Holland America Line headquarters? 700 S. In 1989 however, it was itself the subject of an acquisition, when it was purchased in full by Carnival Corporation. Waverly Rd. Holland America Line's fleet of 11 ships offers more than 500 cruises to more than 470 ports in 98 countries, territories or dependencies around the world. Its headquarters is based in Seattle, Washington. · Holland America Line has added new marketing, sales and training tools for travel sellers to its full-featured Travel Agent Headquarters online portal. Its headquarters are now in Seattle. The company is owned by Carnival Corporation & plc. Holland America operates under the umbrella of Carnival Cruise Lines. , to Seattle. Centre of Excellence for Hay tools Regional Head Quarters for North America Birth place of the New Holland Machinery Company in 1895. Where is holland america headquarters
· Holland America It has a fleet of 14 modern ships and offers approximately 500 sailings a year visiting all seven continents. You won't find rock climbing walls, large outdoor movie screens, waterslides on these ships. Customer Service Number:. Business Partner Code of Conduct Learn More. Holland America has about 1,400 employees. External Website - Selling points: Holland America Cruise Line is the perfect choice for someone who wants to cruise for the pleasure of cruising. Holland America Line N. Cruises include both popular and less-traveled ports in the Caribbean, Alaska, Europe, Mexico, South America, the Panama Canal, Australia, New Zealand and Asia — as well as unique voyages to the Amazon and Antarctica. With more than 130 years of experience, Holland America Cruise Lines is recognized as a leader in luxury cruising. V. Holland America Group's expansive new office brings its brands into closer alignment. Holland, MIPickups/TracingPhone Email Sales. Because it was headquartered in Rotterdam and provided service to the Americas, it became known as Holland America Line (HAL). New Holland, Pennsylvania is the home and headquarters of the New Holland Agriculture and Construction brands in North America and the global Center of Excellence for Hay and Forage. 1,, and became Group CEO for Holland America Group and Carnival UK on Ma. Holland America Line's president Gus Antorcha, released this statement this week: "Holland American Line, in alliance with our entire industry, is optimistic for the resumption of cruising. Because it was headquartered in Rotterdam and provided service to the Americas, it became known as Holland America Line (HAL). Where is holland america headquarters
Please do not use email to send any communication that contains confidential information (credit card or other sensitive information). He was appointed CEO of the newly formed Holland America Group on Dec. · It was so important to Holland America, the company decided to move its headquarters to accommodate the concept. Ashford said he expects the new, more open office can help the 142-year-old company. The 4 phone number for Holland America Cruise Line Corporate Offices with tips to quickly reach and to call a live Holland America Cruise Line support rep. | For more than 140 years, Holland America Line has been a recognized leader in cruising, taking our guests to exotic. Who are Holland America Line competitors? V. Holland America Line has 6,228 employees. , 450 Third Avenue West, Seattle, WA 98119 USA. Savor the Journey! Competitors of Holland America Line include Makila Voyages, Travel Best Bets and FBI Travel. Holland Partner Group is committed to facilitating the accessibility and usability of our website for all individuals with disabilities. Structures inside structures. Originating in the Netherlands, the company moved its headquarters to Seattle, Washington, United States. SEE DETAILS. If you're going to to call an agent atbe sure to read here for the best way to do it with alternatives and shortcuts. Where is holland america headquarters
It was founded in 1873. Holland America Line has been named Number One for cruises to Alaska, the Mexican Riviera, and the Panama Canal & Central America in Cruise Critic's Cruisers' Choice Destination Awards—and we couldn't be more thrilled. Holland America Group Headquarters. Founded in 1935, Holland has been a leader in progressive and comprehensive solutions spanning the rail industry for 85 years. · Holland America is owned by Carnival Corp. Headquarters: Seattle, USA. Please do not use email to send any communication that contains confidential information (credit card or other sensitive information). · SkB Architects has instilled the spirit of adventure in the design of the Holland America Group headquarters located in Seattle, Washington. · Related Searches. Before we list other contact numbers for Holland America Cruise Lines, here is a bit of background about this historic cruise line. · WHO OWNS THE HOLLAND AMERICA CRUISE LINE? Eight categories are featured on the Travel. Holland America Line is an American-owned cruise line, a subsidiary of Carnival Corporation & plc headquartered in Seattle, Washington, United States. The end result is that Holland America has an assortment of intimate spaces within public areas. Holland America Line headquarters is located at 450 3rd Ave W, Seattle. How many employees does Holland America Line have? Where is holland america headquarters
Fargo (North Dakota), USA. · Location: 450 3rd Ave West, Seattle, Washington, USA Holland America Group Seattle Headquarters To bring Holland America Group's brands—Holland America, Princess, and Seabourn—into closer alignment and increase operational efficiencies, the company sought to consolidate operations within a single facility. · The Holland America Line was founded in 1873 as the Dutch-America Steamship Company (Dutch: Nederlandsch-Amerikaansche Stoomvaart Maatschappij), a shipping and passenger line. We're known across North America as the premier provider of flash-butt welding services and lead the way in track geometry measurement and track maintenance and construction. Cnh north american headquarters new holland • cnh north american headquarters new holland photos • cnh north american headquarters new holland location •. Holland America Corporate Office Headquarters 300 Elliott Avenue 100 Seattle, WA 98119 Corporate Phone Number: 1-206. So you had a bad experience on a cruise? That drives industry innovation for construction professionals in North America in an era of sustainability and technological. Today, a production facility for Hay and Forage applications that has produced over 700,000 small square balers to date. Holland America continued to thrive well into the 1980s, consolidating its business with the acquisitions of Westours, Windstar Cruises and Home Lines. New Holland (Pennsylvania), USA. Its headquarters are now in Seattle. Stein Kruse, CEO. Well, it's not as easy as you might imagine to NOT put the money into the pockets of the people that upset you the first time. Holland America Line is a British/American-owned cruise line, a subsidiary of Carnival Corporation & plc. Holland America Group called on SkB Architects to consolidate its operations within a single facility, with an aim to bring its Holland America, Princess and Seabourn brands into closer alignment and increasing its operational efficiencies. If at any time you require assistance with accessing our website, career site, or services, or if you have specific questions or concerns about the accessibility of a particular web page, please contact us at or jobapplicants. PartnerSHIPS eNewsletter December 21 December 29 January 8 January 19 February 2 February 4 February 18 March 3 March 18 April 2 April 6. Where is holland america headquarters
Learn more here. Never again, you say, will you book a cruise on that cruise line. Holland America Line Wins Best Cruise Destinations. Holland America Line is a large cruise travel company. · Holland America Group, a crusing company that operates 41 cruise ships with over 36,000 employees worldwide, recently moved into a new headquarters in Seattle, Washington designed by architecture and interior design firm SkB Architects. · Holland America Cruise Lines has a number of different departments to assist customers in all areas. In January he was appointed chairman of Seabourn when the company's corporate headquarters transitioned from Miami, Fla. Holland America Line recommits to honoring travel advisor earned commission tier in through the end of. , 450 Third Avenue West, Seattle, WA 98119 USA. Holland America Line | 79,267 followers on LinkedIn. Where is holland america headquarters
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text:
To Zanarkand (Very Accurate)
Thread: To Zanarkand (Very Accurate)
LordBlackudder
Note changes at 0:57 down to F# left hand instead of up to B, D.
I took the MP3 from the soundtrack and put it through Amazing MIDI than viewed the MIDI in Synthesia, the notes that came out were slightly different to the official sheet music.
I doubt there was much error as it kept the majority of the piece as the usual notes.
I played it with the new notes and it sounds more accurate.
This raises the question was the Nobuo Uematsu's original arrangement changed slightly by Masashi Hamauzu for the sheet music book?
Why do many To Zanarkand versions such as Dissidia, Distant Worlds, Black Mages, Itadaki, FFX Chips all have these notes and not released sheet music.
Zeratul13
I have noticed that many official sheet music version having less note, or missing emblished notes. sometimes i think making easier, other times to making less complicated.
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august rush score (flac)
RIP FFShrine: 2001-2010
Originally Posted by LordBlackudder
Wrong on multiple levels. First of all, let's look at the left hand's pattern for that measure (I'm going by the Doremi Music Publishing Co. release which I in fact bought from a sheet music store). The sheet music indicates six eighth-notes: G2, D3, G3, A3, B3, F#3 (the numbers refer to the octaves of the piano). This is exactly the way the original song from the game goes. In your video, you are proposing that the actual left hand pattern omits that B3 and instead moves from A3 back down to G3 (you got it wrong in your description). This is not the way the song goes and is actually detrimental to the music. The interval between B-G forms a minor sixth, a very colorful interval that gives the melody and accompaniment a particularly resonant character, especially considering the piece is touching on G major in a piece in E minor. That's how the piece originally goes. You're proposing that the interval is not between B and G, but instead between G and G. In standard counterpoint, octaves should only be arrived at in structurally significant places. This means usually at the beginning and ends of pieces, or if necessary, the beginning of a phrase or even beginning of a measure. That's because it's the "most consonant" of all intervals in that it's the same pitch, just shifted into a different register. There is no structural reason as to why an octave would be necessary where you put it, which is in the middle of a phrase and the middle of a measure. To my ears the octave sounds like a moment of dullness, where melody and accompaniment no longer harmonize, but got stuck playing the same note.
Later on, you play a perfect fifth between D-A in the bass instead of B-F#. That is also incorrect. Considering the chord that follows it, it's the difference between a retrogression (V-IV) and a more normal progression (iii-IV).
Even later, you play A3-G3 in the bass (after the held dominant chord B major) to lead into Section D instead of B-A. That is also incorrect. A leads more smoothly to the tonic E than does G because G is already part of an E minor triad, whereas A is not.
There are other chords you get completely wrong in Section D, like the dyad A-B in the right hand instead of the three note chord A-B-F#. You're also not playing that A major chord in the right hand correctly; I have no idea what you're doing there or why.
Your version is inaccurate. I have compared your version to the original and you are wrong. I have also compared the sheet music to the original song and it is completely correct, not omitting or recomposing anything as you suggest. On top of that, if there were these inaccuracies you claim there are, people would have found them in the fourteen years this game has been out. Your program obviously didn't get this right.
Last edited by Olde; 08-23-2014 at 09:31 AM.
Originally Posted by 1982_tarheels
Reddas is the guy who got his brains blown out by Travolta in the backseat of Jules' car.
Originally Posted by ManRay
Oh, now i get it...
Your Posts aren't meant to be ironic... You actually think you're funny....
I fucking hate FFShrine.
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The Polish Episcopal Conference or Polish Bishops' Conference () is the central organ of the Catholic Church in Poland. It is composed of 2 cardinals, 28 archbishops and 118 bishops.

Members
 President – abp Stanisław Gądecki (since 12 March 2014)
 Vicepresident – abp Marek Jędraszewski (since 13 March 2014)
 Secretary general – bp Artur Miziński  (since 10 June 2014)
 Presidium
 President – abp Stanisław Gądecki
 Vicepresident – abp Marek Jędraszewski
 Primate of Poland – abp Wojciech Polak
 Metropolitan Cardinals – card. Kazimierz Nycz
 Secretary general – bp Artur Miziński
 6 diocese bishops (chosen for 5 years) – abp Stanisław Budzik, abp Andrzej Dzięga, abp Grzegorz Ryś, abp Józef Kupny, abp Tadeusz Wojda, bp Andrzej Czaja
 2 auxiliary bishops (chosen for 5 years) – bp Damian Bryl, bp Piotr Turzyński
 Commissions (only bishops can be members)
 for the Doctrine of the Faith – head abp Stanisław Budzik
 for Catholic Education – head bp Wojciech Osial
 for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments – head bp Piotr Greger
 for the Clergy – head abp Wojciech Polak
 for Christian ministry – head bp Andrzej Czaja
 for Missions – head bp Jerzy Mazur
 Charity – head bp Wiesław Szlachetka
 for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life – head bp Jacek Kiciński
 Marian – head abp Wacław Depo
 Bishops and religious superiors – head bp Artur Miziński
 for Polish diaspora – head bp Wiesław Lechowicz
 Revisions – head abp Stanisław Budzik
 Councils (priests, religious and lay members allowed)
 for Family – head bp Wiesław Śmigiel
 Science – head abp Marek Jędraszewski
 for Ecumenism – head bp Jacek Jezierski
 for Inter-Religious Dialogue – head bp Rafał Markowski
 for the Laity – head bp Adrian Galbas
 for Society problems – head bp Marian Florczyk
 for the Pastoral Care of Youth – head bp Marek Solarczyk
 for Culture and Cultural Heritage – head bp Michał Janocha
 for Social Communications – head abp Wacław Depo
 for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerants – head bp Krzysztof Zadarko
 Law – head bp Ryszard Kasyna
 Economical – head bp Jan Piotrowski
 Teams (priests, religious and lay members allowed)
 for contacts with French Episcopal Conference – head bp Jan Piotrowski
 for contacts with Lithuanian Episcopal Conference – head bp Romuald Kamiński
 for contacts with German Episcopal Conference – head bp Jan Kopiec
 for contacts with Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church – head bp Arkadiusz Trochanowski
 for contacts with Polish Ecumenical Council – head bp Jacek Jezierski
 for help Catholic Church in East – head bp Antoni Dydycz
 for contacts with Russian Orthodox Church – head abp Wojciech Polak
 for Scholarships – head bp Henryk Wejman
 for Dialogue – bp Adam Bab, bp Roman Pindel, bp Krzysztof Nitkiewicz, bp Jacek Jezierski, bp Henryk Wejman
 for Alcohol Abstinence – head bp Tadeusz Bronakowski
 for programmed television transmission of Masses – head abp Józef Górzyński
 for Enthronement of Christ movements – head bp Andrzej Czaja
 for the Pastoral Care of Health Care Workers – head bp Romuald Kamiński
 Bioethics – head bp Józef Wróbel
 for Sanctuary – head bp Henryk Ciereszko
 for the Pastoral Care of Radio Maryja – head bp Wiesław Śmigiel
 for Promoting the New Evangelization – head abp Grzegorz Ryś
 for novelization Polish Episcopal Conference regulations – head bp Krzysztof Wętkowski
 Press office
 Fr. Leszek Gęsiak SJ
 Concordat commission
 bp Artur Miziński

Presidents
(Until 1994, position held ex officio by the Primate of Poland)
 1919–1926 – card. Edmund Dalbor
 1926–1948 – card. August Hlond
 1948–1981 – card. Stefan Wyszyński
 1981–2004 – card. Józef Glemp
 2004–2014 – abp Józef Michalik
 since 2014 – abp Stanisław Gądecki

Vicepresidents
 1969–1978 – St. card. Karol Wojtyła
 1979–1994 – card. Franciszek Macharski
 1994–1999 – abp Henryk Muszyński
 1999–2004 – abp Józef Michalik
 2004–2014 – abp Stanisław Gądecki
 since 2014 – abp Marek Jędraszewski

Secretaries general
 1918–1919 – bl. bp Antoni Julian Nowowiejski
 1919–1925 – bp Henryk Przeździecki
 1925–1926 – bp Romuald Jałbrzykowski
 1926–1946 – bp Stanisław Kostka Łukomski
 1946–1968 – bp Zygmunt Choromański
 1969–1993 – bp Bronisław Wacław Dąbrowski
 1993–1998 – bp Tadeusz Pieronek
 1998–2007 – bp Piotr Libera
 2007–2011 – bp Stanisław Budzik
 2011–2014 – bp Wojciech Polak
 since 2014 – bp Artur Miziński

See also
Episcopal Conference
Day of Prayers for Prisoners

References

Poland
Episcopal Conference

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text:
Home CelebritiesRemembering Hank Williams
Remembering Hank Williams
Celebrities, Iconic Communities, On the Road, People
https://americanprofile.com/articles/remembering-hank-willilams/
By Judy Woodward Bates on September 17, 2009
Historical photo courtesy of the Hank Williams Museum Hank Williams
https://americanprofile.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/cover_completeh_300cmyk_gc-150x150.jpg
Cecil Jackson vividly recalls the day in 1944 when Hank Williams stopped at a gas station just north of Montgomery, Ala. "He bought me a Coke," beams Jackson. "I was 8, and that was the day I started following Hank's career."
Since that day, Jackson, now 73, has been accumulating memorabilia related to the life and career of the singing and songwriting legend. Since 1999, his collectionpurchased at flea markets and antique shops, from other collectors and donated from Williams' familyhas been on display at the Hank Williams Museum in Montgomery as part of the Hank Williams Memorial Foundation, which Jackson oversees as president.
Managed by Jackson's daughter, Beth Petty, the 6,000-square-foot museum contains more than 2,000 itemsthe largest collection of Williams' personal effects and career artifacts in existence. One of its highlights is the restored 1952 Cadillac convertible in which 29-year-old Williams was riding before he was pronounced dead of heart failure on New Year's Day 1953.
Visitors are greeted by the distinctive sound of Williams' voice, from one of his radio and television appearances or singing one of his songs, such as "I Saw the Light," "Jambalaya (On the Bayou)" or "Honky Tonkin'." The hand-carved wooden Indian that inspired another hit, "Kaw-Liga," stands just beyond a bronze bust of Williams smiling from beneath the brim of his cowboy hat.
"I was raised on Hank," Petty says, welcoming a visitor. "And by the time you leave here, you'll know him and love him, too."
Entire walls are covered with LP records and album covers, and room after room displays personal items, like Williams' custom-made, ornately tailored suits. Bob and Anna Jones of Summerside, Ohio, watch the original restored newsreel footage of Williams' funeral, then sit for a 90-minute documentary about his life. "I've always been a fan," Bob says.
Petty taps a glass case, indicating a small, gray book, Songs of Hank Williams, The Drifting Cow Boy. "To my daddy, this was the most important thing in here," she says, "the first Hank piece he ever bought."
About 20,000 people tour the museum each year, and a glance at guestbook entries shows the international reach of Williams' music: Israel, Norway, Sweden, Italy. His short career produced 225 recordings and 101 albums, and a new set of recordings being released this year indicates his continuing popularity.
The Hank Williams Museum is part of the state-designated Hank Williams Trail encompassing his boyhood home, many of his favorite haunts and his burial place.
Much of Williams' short life was spent within blocks of the museum, from his mother's boarding house to the streets where the youngster shined shoes, strummed guitar and sang alongside his mentor, black street musician Rufus "Tee-Tot" Payne.
"Montgomery Street is called 'Hank's first and last' because he won his first talent contest in 1937 at age 14 at the old Empire Theater," Petty explains, "and held his final concert on the same street at the Elite Café," which has since been renamed Noble's.
"The only theatrical movie made about Hank, Your Cheatin' Heart, had its world premiere in 1964 at the Paramount across the street from the Empire, and Hank's funeral was held at the City Auditorium on Perry Street, with the attendance being the largest crowd ever assembled on the streets of the city."
Petty pauses, soaking up the vibes of Hank Williams that still seem to linger all around.
"This was Hank's town," she says, "and he's still a powerful presence here."
Found in: Celebrities, Iconic Communities, On the Road, People
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UO grad up for multiple Tony awards for play 'Constitution'
As a teenager, Heidi Schreck had a thing for the U.S. Constitution.
"I was excited by it," she said during a recent appearance on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, "like kind of horny for it. I was into Justice William O. Douglas. I love the Ninth Amendment."
Heidi Shreck profile in Oregon Quarterly
CHC alum Jeff Whitty finds his Oscar nomination nicely timed
Department of Theatre Arts
Schreck, a 2009 graduate of the University of Oregon, turned that obsession into the critically acclaimed play, "What the Constitution Means to Me." She wrote and stars in the play, which is based on her experience as a teenager delivering speeches about the Constitution at American Legion halls and how her relationship with the document evolved into "a bad romance."
"Constitution" was a Pulitzer Prize finalist and recently won an Obie Award, given for off-Broadway productions, for best new American play. And Shreck has been nominated for Tony awards for best play and best actress for "Constitution." The Tonys will be announced June 9, with the local broadcast at 5 p.m. on CBS.
In recent months, even as she performs the play at the Helen Hays Theater on Broadway eight times a week, Schreck has been everywhere. In addition to her appearance on The Late Show and on the Today Show, she's been featured in The New York Times, New Yorker and Atlantic magazines, and National Public Radio's Fresh Air and This American Life.
Schreck grew up in Wenatchee, Washington, and as a teenager she entered speech contests sponsored by the American Legion. Traveling with her mother, she delivered speeches about the Constitution and answered questions for prize money. She did this all through high school, and was so successful she earned enough money to pay for her college education at the University of Oregon, she said.
She enrolled at the UO in 1989 intending on becoming an environmental lawyer, but soon fell in with the theater crowd. She finished her studies at the UO in 1994, but her degree in English and theater arts was conferred in 2009.
"I fell in love with acting and the theater department," she told Oregon Quarterly last year. "I stopped being prelaw after my first term and did a play every term after that. I might not have gone into theater at all if they hadn't converted me."
Her time at the UO overlapped with Ty Burrell, best known for "Modern Family," and Rob Urbinati, now a playwright and director in New York. She lived in a house on Charnelton Street with other theater majors, including Tricia Rodley, who now teaches in the UO theater department, and Jeff Whitty, a playwright who won a Tony for the musical comedy "Avenue Q" and was nominated last year for an Oscar for best adapted screenplay for "Can You Ever Forgive Me?"
The students that Schreck came up with all had an adventurous spirit, said John Schmor, who was a graduate student at the time and is now an associate professor in the theater arts department.
"They certainly picked up a willingness to take risks and jump into life from each other," Schmor told Oregon Quarterly. "They all had that that same gusto."
After stints working as a journalist, teaching English in Siberia and doing theater in Seattle, Schreck moved to New York with her husband, Kip Fagan, a theater director, in 2003. There, she acted in the theater but also started writing plays to growing acclaim.
After co-starring in a 2013 play with Edie Falco, best known as the mobster's wife on "The Sopranos," she started writing for and acting in "Nurse Jackie," a series on Showtime starring Falco as a drug-addicted nurse. That led to other television writing jobs, including episodes of "Billions" and "I Love Dick," as well as acting roles on those shows and others, including "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit" and "The Good Wife."
The idea of writing a play about her experience as a teenager giving speeches about the Constitution percolated for years as her feelings about the founding document evolved.
"Female bodies were left completely out of the Constitution," she told Colbert. "Couldn't vote, were not considered people or citizens, could not hold property. They were the property of their husbands."
Which is why Schreck loves the Ninth Amendment.
"The Ninth Amendment says that just because a certain right is not listed in the Constitution, it doesn't mean the right doesn't exist," she said. "It's like a little escape hatch that says we understand we don't know everything, and in the future there might be things we cannot imagine. And we're going to put this amendment here that says don't assume because it's not in the Constitution you don't have that right. It's wonderful.
"The Ninth Amendment is what they had to use when they started making laws about our bodies — for example, the right to choice, the right to birth control," she continued. "They had to use this amendment that says there are other things we forgot about. They had to use the Ninth Amendment to make decision about our bodies.
"Because when they made the Constitution, they were like" — and here Schreck breaks into a deep, confused man's voice and gestures to her body — "we don't know what this is.'"
She wrote "Constitution" to reflect her changing views, and it ended up being a much more personal play than she thought it would.
"The play became about the stories of the women in my family, the way their lives have been shaped by the Constitution, and the ways the Constitution has failed them over generations."
—By Tim Christie, University Communications
Black History Month helps pack this month's arts events
'Mighty Oregon' report spotlights the UO's public purpose, impact
University announces the date for spring commencement
New tank helps keep campus, and the planet, a little cooler
UO alums share family stories for Holocaust Remembrance Day
All Campus News
Feb 1 Penn State law dean to explore creating a just and multiracial democracy
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Around the O is the UO's go-to place for information about the university, its people and the difference they make in Oregon and around the world. We bring stories of the university's groundbreaking research and world-class faculty and students to the broadest possible audience, while also serving as the hub for news, announcements and information of interest to the campus community.


text:
The Crime Report (https://thecrimereport.org/2017/07/10/child-trafficking-the-tragedy-of-princess/)
Child Trafficking: The Tragedy of 'Princess'
By Kimberly Mehlman-Orozco | July 10, 2017
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Child sex trafficking is a clandestine crime that has increasingly moved off the streets and online over the last decade. However, even when information about these crimes is brought to the attention of law enforcement, victims can still be treated as "disposable people" by the system meant to protect them.
In recent years, law enforcement has become more aware of how social media is used by sex traffickers to target, groom, and recruit victims. Stories about sex trafficking through Facebook and Instagram, dating websites like OkCupid and Tinder, and apps like Kik messenger and SnapChat are becoming increasingly common.
However, as the following story suggests, there is little awareness of how these social media platforms can be used to identify victims, much less what happens to these victims post- "rescue."
On May 29, 2017, Sandra Sparks, Executive Director of ERASE Child Trafficking, was tagged in an anonymous tip on her organization's Facebook page about an "underage runaway" in Louisiana who was seen having sex with an "old man" in his truck. She was linked to the girl's social media account.
"PLEASE alert authorities," a subsequent post appealed. "There is an underage runaway being trafficked."
After visiting the social media account, Sparks discovered that the 16-year-old girl, whom I will refer to by the pseudonym "Princess," had been trafficked for months, despite being previously rescued and returned to her family.
"If it wasn't for u guys I'd b dead I'm not even suicidal anymore."
The girl's social media account, which chronicles her life being trafficked, ballooned with over 60,000 followers in a little over a month.
She told them in one post:
When they weren't looking, "Princess" took pictures and videos of her traffickers and posted them for her followers to see. She wrote:
If my pimp saw my page he would literally grab his pistol and shot (sic) me… I do it in secret.
She claims that one of the men pimping her is wanted for gun offenses, and another has multiple warrants out for his arrest. In one of her pictures, "Princess" is shown holding an AK-47 and in several others she appears to be snapping images as the traffickers physically abuse her.
She captioned one image, "Pray for me."
"Princess" also secretly takes pictures of the men who pay for sex with her. One of them is a truck driver who she calls "Santa." The old, white, man has a long white beard and white hair, with an oversized frame. There are several pictures of "Princess" in a black bra lying next to a shirtless "Santa."
She claims that he gave her $100 after their sexual encounter, but her pimp took the money away.
Another one of the men who pays for sex with "Princess," she nicknamed "Bill Cosby" because of his resemblance. The man, who is also a truck driver, is shown on video asking "Princess" for directions to a motel room. Later, she posted pictures and video of the same man laying on a motel bed, rolling and smoking a joint.
In many of the videos "Princess" appears to be happy and smiling, despite living in a roach-infested room and sleeping on a mattress with no sheets or on a towel on a bathroom floor. She is told to have sex with multiple older men per night, while her pimps collect the money.
But she claims there is nowhere for her to escape to.
In one of her videos, she said:
A lot of people are telling me that I should just leave this situation. A lot of people don't realize I don't really have a choice, because I ain't got nowhere else to stay. So if I get up and I leave right now and say, 'I ain't coming back, I'm not working for you,' I won't have nowhere to sleep and ya'll don't understand that."
"Princess" told her followers that her mom died when she was only 13 years old and her life has been hell ever since. She also reveals that her dad is a pastor in New Orleans.
Some of the videos are extremely sexually explicit, taken mid-coitus with the men raping her for money. The posts prompt mixed reactions from her followers. Some encourage her to continue the pornographic exploits, while others urge her to find a pimp to take better care of her by feeding her properly, as well as providing her with clothes that fit and an appropriate residence.
Some try to convince her to go back home or to a homeless shelter, so that she can leave the sexual exploitation she is facing.
Upon learning of this sex-trafficking situation, Sandra Sparks immediately alerted both state and federal law enforcement. However, the girl's social media posts continue.
Although some agencies are trying to use the information contained in her posts to help locate "Princess" and bring the men exploiting her to justice, past rescues have failed to provide the girl with trauma-informed services. Instead, she tells her followers that previous rescue attempts left her jailed and then returned to the same living situation that she ran away from.
There is no guarantee if—or when—"Princess" will be found.
She has already been erroneously criminalized and hasn't received appropriate services, which is unfathomable considering that "Princess" is a sex-trafficked minor, but her experience is not uncommon.
In order to better combat sex trafficking, law enforcement must be given the resources—and the support—to swiftly intervene in these situations and connect sex-trafficking survivors like "Princess" with long-term, trauma-informed care by trained service providers.
Kimberly Mehlman-Orozco
Websites and social media services can be used as a catalyst for sex-trafficking victim identification and rescue, but this is meaningless if there isn't expeditious and appropriate response.
Dr. Kimberly Mehlman-Orozco holds a Ph.D. in Criminology, Law and Society from George Mason University, with an expertise in human trafficking. She currently serves as a human trafficking expert witness for criminal cases and her book, "Hidden in Plain Sight: America's Slaves of the New Millennium," will be published by Praeger/ABC-Clio this year. She welcomes readers' comments.
AZ Court Affirms Police Posing as Teens in Sex Sting
The case involved the 2014 arrest of a 44-year-old man who believed that he was soliciting two 16-year-old prostitutes. In fact, they were adult undercover cops . . .
Want to read more? Please subscribe to The Crime Report!


It needs to be sent parameters of type www.test.com/test.asp?val=1 to send it will be necessary very often.
A question. How to realize that worked more less quickly?
@Krol: I'm having a difficult time following your request. Maybe some more detail about what you are trying to accomplish would help? For example, are you asking how to send information to the server? Are you asking how to write the code for the server itself? Etc.
If you could give us a broader description of what you are trying to accomplish, maybe we can help you out.
Question. How it is possible to send this script parameters?
This will not create a visible IE window... the code is untested but it should work.
Thanks as a variant I shall consider.
But I need to be sent many such inquiries to a script.
I think that with any functions IE is will work very slowly.
How to realize without IE?


text:
Homeland Security chief: No sign airplane attack part of larger plot
Napolitano talks terror attack
Napolitano: Right now there is no indication that it is part of anything larger
Suspect's name was on a broad security watch list that has "half a million" names
A lack of specific evidence prevented him from being classified as a greater security risk
Napolitano praises "process" of responding to the incident
(CNN) -- Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano said Sunday there was no indication so far that an alleged botched terror attack on a U.S. airliner was part of a broad international effort.
"Right now we have no indication that it is part of anything larger," Napolitano told CNN's "State of the Union" program.
A lone suspect is accused of trying to ignite an explosive device on a Northwest Airlines flight from Amsterdam, The Netherlands, to Detroit, Michigan, on Christmas Day.
The device apparently failed to detonate and the suspect was subdued.
Napolitano said the suspect, Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, was on a broad security watch list that contains "half a million" names and is shared with airlines and foreign security agencies. However, a lack of specific evidence prevented him from being classified as a greater security risk that would bar him from travel to the United States, she said.
"You need information that is specific and credible if you're going to bar people from air travel," Napolitano said.
Despite a possible tragedy, Napolitano said the response system worked as passengers and crew avoided panic and subdued the suspect while authorities notified other flights in the air and kept the air transport system operating.
"The whole process of making sure that we respond properly, correctly and effectively went very smoothly," Napolitano said.
Security screening has been increased since the incident, with different procedures at different airports to prevent predictability, Napolitano said.
"While we continue to investigate the source of this incident, the traveling public should be very confident of what we're doing now," she said.
GOP divide over Obama tax plan goes public
Accomplished and determined, Susan Rice at center of political storm
Republican obsession with Benghazi makes no sense


text:
The 2017 World Allround Speed Skating Championships were held at the Vikingskipet in Hamar, Norway, from 4 to 5 March 2017.

Schedule

Medal summary

Medal table

Medalists

References

External links
Entries, results and announcements
ISU website

World Allround Speed Skating Championships
World Allround Speed Skating Championships
2017 Allround
World Allround Speed Skating Championships
World Allround
Sport in Hamar


text:
Why Do Leicester City Play In Blue & White?
Leicester City supporters young and old would be forgiven for thinking the Club's traditional colours of blue and white have been in place for the entirety of 136 years of history.
The Fabric Of Leicester City: The Evolution Of Foxes Shirts
However, there have been clues over recent seasons to the contrary, usually in the form of away shirts, designed with several nods to bygone eras from the Club's rich heritage.
Formed, initially as Leicester Fosse, in 1884 by the members of a bible class at the now-demolished Emanuel Chapel on New Park Street, the Club was naturally quite different in its formative years.
Leicester Fosse's first-ever match, featuring a team with an average age of 16, was a 5-0 victory over Syston Fosse and included a shirt which would return to prominence 119 years later.
Unfortunately, despite the wealth of material in the Club's archives, there are no pictures of the kits which Leicester Fosse adorned in the years between 1884 and 1886.
However, in 2003, using drawings and first-hand accounts, the Club made the decision to mark the year of their 120th anniversary with an away kit which replicated that maiden shirt design.
Cambridge Blue sash
No images exist in Leicester City's archives of the original Fosse kit, but it was replicated in 2003/04 and later in 2009/10.
An all black kit, featuring a striking Cambridge blue sash, running from the right shoulder down to the left hip on the shirt, was a modern twist on the Club's first-ever home strip.
During Fosse's time adorning these colours, they played at Victoria Park, but a move to the Belgrave Road Cycle & Cricket Ground was curtailed when the Leicester Tigers Rugby Club outbid them in 1888.
Indeed, the presence of Leicester Tigers on the local sporting scene, in a time when association football was seldom viewed as a public spectacle, may have played a key role in the decisions taken by the Club.
It is speculated that Leicester Fosse's continual switch in primary colours could, at least in part, be put down to the Club's desire to always be easily distinguishable from their rugby counterparts.
As a result, in 1886, two years after the Club's formation, Leicester Fosse began to run out onto the field in an entirely new - and decidedly unique - set of colours.
Chocolate brown and blue halves
Bowler hats, moustaches, early shin pads and Fosse's chocolate brown and light blue home kits.
It was around this time that Leicester Fosse elected to wear shirts with chocolate brown and Cambridge blue halves, with white shorts, or as they were called at the time, 'knickers', with dark 'stockings'.
This is a version of Leicester's colours which has never been returned to or replicated, even in the era of more elaborate away shirt designs, but it nonetheless coincided with several key landmarks.
In 1890, the kit's final year of use, Fosse defeated Coalville in the Leicestershire County Cup final in Loughborough and, the following season, they were introduced to the FA Cup for the first-ever time.
For the next nine years, running until 1899, Leicester wore white shirts with black shorts and, for reasons difficult to explain definitively, some players had Leicester Town's coat of arms sewn into the fabric.
The white shirts were also the first to be adorned at Filbert Street in 1891, before spending the next 111 years there, as the 'Fossils' embarked on their first full season in the Midland League.
Sep Smith, wearing a royal blue home shirt, alongside two brothers and opponents ahead of an FA Cup tie against Portsmouth.
A major moment in the Club's history arrived in 1894, meanwhile, as a AGM granted Fosse with enough votes to earn election to the recently-formed Division Two within the Football League pyramid.
By 1899, however, the Club had taken the notable decision to play in the Cambridge blue and white palette which is vaguely recognisable today, but it would take Leicester Fosse 14 years to earn promotion to the top tier.
Their spell in 'light' blue and white lasted just two seasons, though, as the Club changed its colours again, to dark blue shirts, with light blue sleeves, white shorts and dark socks in the 1901/02 season.
From 1902 until 1919, a year after the conclusion of the First World War, Fosse were back in blue - a darker shade than previously - and white as players not in conflict represented the Club in wartime regional competitions.
By the time football began to get back in order, the Club was in a dire financial situation and, in the same year Leicester regained city status, the Club was registered as Leicester City Football Club in 1919.
Light blue sleeves
The Club's first use of a darker blue, with lighter sleeves, featured between 1901 and 1902.
Their inaugural season as 'City' saw the team run out with blue and white vertical stripes across the home shirt, alongside white shorts and blue socks, but this design would remain for just three years.
Thus, finally, after 38 years of existence, Leicester City returned to the blue and white strips which remain in place in the present day, later finishing within one point of winning the top title in 1929.
In blue and white, Leicester City have won the second tier title a record seven times, been to four FA Cup finals, won the League Cup three times, and competed in four European campaigns, most notably in the 2016/17 UEFA Champions League, when the Club reached the quarter-finals.
They were in all blue, meanwhile, on the day they ended a 132-year wait to be crowned as English champions in 2016, with Wes Morgan and manager Claudio Ranieri lifting the Premier League trophy.
Throughout that passage of time, on the other hand, the Club has been distinguished by an array of crests, ranging from the fox's head within a shield for the 1949 FA Cup Final to the one used today.
Glory in blue
The Club's crowning glory in 2016, wearing an all-blue PUMA kit.
Between 1949 and 1983, a crest featuring a sideways fox's head, replicated by the Club's retail brand Fox & Crop was used, while the 'running fox' emblem featured on shirts until 1992.
Across the Club's entire history, Leicester City have also appeared in a wide variety of away shirts, with colours ranging from shades of white, green, yellow, red, gold, black and, this season, pink.
Indeed, for one season only, in 1972/73, the Club did deviate from their traditional home colours, electing to wear an all-white kit for one season, inspired by Spanish giants Real Madrid.
Players and fans alike, though, rebelled against the decision, making it the only year since 1922 in which Leicester's football team wore anything other than a blue home shirt.
One year in white
A brief flirtation with a white home kit in the early 1970s.
Despite this, there have been occasions when outside influences have forced the Club to briefly break from tradition, largely due to the growing demand to broadcast fixtures on television.
Before the advent of colour TVs, FA Cup Finals were broadcast in black and white, but when two teams in dark colours confronted each other in the showpiece event, measures had to be taken.
In the days leading up to 1963 final defeat by Manchester United, for instance, a coin toss decided that Leicester would have to wear white shirts, to avoid a clash with United's red shirts.
Those occasions are rare in City's history, however, meaning the Club's association with its current colour palette, especially following 2016, is one recognised by fans of all teams around the world.
1 hr 41 mins ago
6 hrs 1 min ago


text:
// Copyright (c) 1992-2006.  Ken Kahn, Animated Programs, All rights reserved.

#if !defined(__TT_DEFS_H)
#include "defs.h"
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_STRINGS_H)
#include "strings.h"
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_SPRITE_H)
#include "sprite.h"
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_FLOOR_H)
#include "floor.h"
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_PAD_H)
#include "pad.h"
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_EVENT_H)
#include "event.h"
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_ROBOT_H)
#include "robot.h"
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_UTILS_H)
#include "utils.h" // for sound stuff
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_COMMON_H)
#include "common.h" // for copy_wide_string
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_NUMBER_H)
#include "number.h"
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_MOUSE_H)
#include "mouse.h"
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_TEXT_H)
#include "text.h"
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_SOUND_H)
#include "sound.h"
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_HELP_H)
#include "help.h"
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_JAVA_H)
#include "java.h"
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_SPEAK_H)
#include "speak.h"
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_MARTIAN_H)
#include "martian.h"
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_PUZZLE_H)
#include "puzzle.h"
#endif
#if TT_DIRECT_INPUT
#if !defined(__TT_INPUT_H)
#include "input.h"
#endif
#endif
#if TT_XML
#if !defined(__TT_XML_H)
#include "xml.h"
#endif
#endif
#if !defined(__TT_WINMAIN_H)
#include "winmain.h" // for simulate_mouse_up
#endif

#ifdef _DEBUG // new on 160103 to debug leaks
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif

Sprite *Sound::respond_to_keyboard(unsigned char key, boolean extended, boolean robot_selected, Sprite *by,
										     boolean record_action, Sprite *original_recipient, boolean size_constrained_regardless) {
   if (record_action) { // commented out on 270499 since interferred with re-training && by != NULL && !by->still_running()) {
      record_event(KEYBOARD_CHARACTER,by,floor,this,TRUE,key);
		record_action = FALSE;
		simulate_mouse_up();
	};
	if (!extended) { // extended test new on 010704 since Delete caused pad to be stopped (treated like '.')
		if (key == tt_run_character) {
			if (!ok_to_make_a_sound(floor)) { // moved into conditional on 180204 since might not be typing run character
				// in another house -- good policy to make no sound?
				by->completed();
				return(this);
			};
			make_sound();
			user_did(TEXT,TEXT_SOUNDED,by); // moved from obsolete commented out code on 161204
//			completed(action_status); // commented out on 080400 since Sprite::respond_to_keyboard does this
		} else if (key == tt_stop_character) { // new on 190799
			stop_making_sound();
//			completed(action_status); // commented out on 080400 since Sprite::respond_to_keyboard does this
//		} else if (tt_log_version_number < 15) { // old behavior
//			make_sound();
//			completed(action_status);
			// following is a good idea for localizing sounds but it is a bigger job than I thought
//		} else { // restored on 180204 -- rewritten on 050304
			// new policy to allow you to change the names of sounds -- even text-to-speech?
//			Text::respond_to_keyboard(key,extended,robot_selected,by,record_action,size_constrained_regardless); // new on 160200
		};
	};
	if (held()) { // condition new 050304 so when held can change the text (including space and period)
		return(Text::respond_to_keyboard(key,extended,robot_selected,by,record_action,original_recipient,
													size_constrained_regardless));
	} else {
		// updated the following on 080400
		return(Sprite::respond_to_keyboard(key,extended,robot_selected,by,record_action,original_recipient,
													  size_constrained_regardless));
	};
};

Sprite *Sound::used(Sprite *, Sprite *by, boolean , boolean record_action,
                    millisecond , boolean , Sprite *original_subject) {
    return(respond_to_keyboard(tt_run_character,FALSE,FALSE,by,record_action,original_subject));
};

//void Sound::prepare_for_deletion(Sprite *by) { // completedly commented out on 060204
////   stop_making_sound();
// commented out on 121000 since should finish the sound (e.g. explosion) and the sound buffer is now shared
//   Text::prepare_for_deletion(by);
//};

void Sound::generate_help(output_stream &message, Sprite *tool_in_hand, Sprite *selection) {
	// on 120699 replaced did(TEXT_BLANKED_INSIDE_THOUGHT_BUBBLE) with
	// did_user(TEXT_BLANKED_INSIDE_THOUGHT_BUBBLE,TEXT) since TEXT is where the info is stored
	if (blank) {
		// could say more if done this before
		if ((contained_in(THOUGHT_BUBBLE) && !did_user(TEXT_BLANKED_INSIDE_THOUGHT_BUBBLE,TEXT) &&
			 !did_user(TEXT_BLANK,TEXT)) ||
			 tt_help_counter == 1) {
			 describe_pointing(message,tool_in_hand,selection);
		};
		if ((!did_user(TEXT_BLANKED_INSIDE_THOUGHT_BUBBLE,TEXT) && tt_help_counter == 0)
		    || tt_help_counter == 1) {
			message << S(IDS_TEXT_BLANKED_TB_HELP2)
					  << S(IDS_TEXT_BLANKED_TB_HELP3);
		};
		return;
	 } else if ((!did_user(TEXT_SOUNDED,TEXT) && tt_help_counter == 0 &&
					tt_sound_option&SOUND_BIT)
					|| tt_help_counter == 6) {
		tt_help_history_action = TEXT_SOUNDED;
		message << S(IDS_SOUND_HELP);
		describe_right_button(message);
		message << S(IDS_SOUND_HELP2,"") << end_sentence();
		message << S(IDS_SOUNDS_ON_PAGE8);
	 };
};

// commented out on 101202 since doesn't do anything
//boolean Sound::receive_item(Sprite *item, Sprite *by, millisecond duration, Sprite *original_recipient) {
//   return(Text::receive_item(item,by,duration,original_recipient)); // ignore it -- was Sprite:: prior to 140301
//};

// commented out on 101202 since doesn't do anything
//ReleaseStatus Sound::add_to_side(boolean right_side, Sprite *item,
//										   Sprite *by, millisecond duration, Sprite *original_recipient, Sprite *original_item) {
//   return(Text::add_to_side(right_side,item,by,duration,original_recipient,original_item)); // ignore it -- was Sprite:: prior to 140301 but that made an infinite loop if a user sound is dropped on another
//};

void Sound::java(java_stream &out) {
   if (blank) {
      out << S(IDS_JAVA_TT_BLANK_SOUND);
   } else {
      java_new_quote_arg1(out,S(IDS_JAVA_TT_SOUND),_T("unknown.au"),_T("\"UNKNOWN\""));
   };
};

void Sound::set_inside_vacuum(boolean new_flag, boolean recur) {
  	boolean changed = (!!inside_vacuum_flag != !!new_flag); // force to true boolean before comparing
   Text::set_inside_vacuum(new_flag,recur);
   if (new_flag && changed) stop_making_sound();
};

WaveSound::WaveSound(city_coordinate llx, city_coordinate lly,
			            wide_string text, long text_length,
		               long priority,
			            city_coordinate width,
			            city_coordinate height,
//                     boolean ok_to_reuse_initial_text,
                     color_index text_color) :
      Sound(llx,lly,text,text_length,priority,width,height,text_color),
		sound_file_name(NULL),
		sound_buffer_table_index(-1),
		sound(NULL),
		sound_hash(NULL) {
	initialize_sound(text);
//#if TT_POST327
//	change_font_size_to_fit_extent_flag = TRUE; // new on 161103 so if pasted computes a good size
//	change_size_to_fit_extent_flag = FALSE;
//#endif
//	if (text != NULL) Sound::set_wide_text(short_file_name(text)); // commented out on 080401
};

void WaveSound::initialize_sound(wide_string text) {
	if (sound_file_name != NULL) return; // new on 180204 so that if already initialized don't do this again
#if TT_DIRECTX
   if (text != NULL) {
		// text+5 changed to text here on 240599
		string narrow_text = NULL; // moved out here on 311000 - not clear how it could have been deleted below??
		if (sound_file_name == NULL) {
			narrow_text = copy_narrow_string(text);
			FileNameStatus file_status;
			// is it OK that this might be a URL temporary cache file name?? - now it is
			string new_sound_file_name = existing_file_name(file_status,narrow_text,"wav","NewUsers",TRUE,FALSE);
			if (new_sound_file_name != NULL) {
				boolean different_file_name = (strncmp(new_sound_file_name,narrow_text,strlen(narrow_text)) != 0); // narrow_text might not include extension but that's OK
				sound_file_name = new_sound_file_name; // do this before the following since it can recursively call this method
				if (tt_maintaining_private_media_directory || (different_file_name && !is_url(narrow_text))) { // added !is_url on 110401 since that shouldn't change
					// new on 080401 since if narrow_text can't be found then just short version of narrow text is all that is being used
					// new on 250303 that if tt_maintaining_private_media_directory then use short version too
					string new_text = basic_file_name(narrow_text);
					if (strcmp(new_text,narrow_text) != 0) {
						boolean reset_sound_hash = (sound_hash == NULL);
						// the following will clober the sound_file_name unless sound_hash is non-NULL
						sound_hash = (hash) "temp"; // pretty ugly
						set_text(new_text);
						sound_hash = NULL;
					};
				};
			};
      };
		if (sound_file_name == NULL) { // moved here from initialize_sound on 241199 so only when used is this work done (first time)
			say_file_name_error(IDS_NO_FILE_NAME_FOR_USER_MEDIA_FILE,narrow_text,4,"wav");
			sound = NULL;
//#if TT_DEBUG_ON
//		} else if (strchr(sound_file_name,'[') != NULL) {
//			log("debug this");
//#endif
		};
//		if (file_status == FILE_ON_INTERNET_AND_DELETE_COPY) DeleteFile(sound_file_name); // should I delete the string too??
		if (narrow_text != NULL) delete [] narrow_text;
   } else
#endif
      sound = NULL;
};

string WaveSound::return_dump_text() {
//	return(sound_file_name); // commented out 170200 this is wrong - can be temporary cache file name
	// added 170200 so this behaves like pictures
	if (tt_dump_reason == DUMPING_TO_CLIPBOARD && tt_mouse_button&SHIFT_KEY_DOWN) { // new on 160200 so control-shift-c saves short names
		// added tt_dumping_to_clipboard on 170200 since appropriate when saving in notebooks, etc.
		return(short_file_name(return_narrow_text()));
	} else {
		return(copy_narrow_text_string()); // restored on 080401 since if file wasn't found locally but was on FileSearchPath then text is the right value and if still local text should still be equal to sound_file_name
//		return(copy_string(sound_file_name)); // revised on 101000 so copy and paste on same machine works for sound not on FileSearchPath
	};
};

#if TT_XML

xml_character_data *WaveSound::xml_create_character_data(xml_element *element, xml_document *document) {
   if (tt_dump_reason == DUMPING_TO_CLIPBOARD && tt_mouse_button&SHIFT_KEY_DOWN) { // control-shift-c saves short names
		string short_text = short_file_name(return_narrow_text());
		if (short_text == NULL) return(NULL); // error handling new on 040704
      wide_string text = copy_wide_string(short_text);
      xml_character_data *result = create_xml_character_data(text,document);
      delete [] short_text;
      delete [] text;
      return(result);
	} else {
      return(Sound::xml_create_character_data(element,document)); // Text::xml_create_character_data can handle it fine
	};
};

void WaveSound::xml(xml_element *element, xml_document *document) { // new on 200303
	Text::xml(element,document);
	load_sound_and_generate_hash(); // new on 190803 in case needed
	if (sound_hash != NULL) { // conditional new on 240303
		string hash_string = hash_to_string(sound_hash);
		xml_set_attribute(element,L"UniqueName",hash_string);
		delete [] hash_string;
		if (tt_saving_media) {
			insert_at_end_if_not_member(this,tt_sprites_with_media_to_save);
		};
	};
};

#endif

void WaveSound::set_hash_string(string hash_string) {
	if (hash_string != NULL) {
		if (sound_file_name != NULL) {
			delete [] sound_file_name;
		};
		sound_file_name = new char[MAX_PATH];
		media_file_name(hash_string,".wav",sound_file_name,tt_private_media_directory,tt_private_media_directory_length);
		set_hash(string_to_hash(hash_string));
	};
};

string WaveSound::private_media_file_name(boolean &worth_compressing, boolean full_path) {
	if (sound_hash == NULL) return(NULL);
	string file_name = new char[MAX_PATH];
	if (full_path) {
		media_file_name(sound_hash,".wav",file_name,tt_private_media_directory,tt_private_media_directory_length);
	} else {
		media_file_name(sound_hash,".wav",file_name);
	};
	worth_compressing = TRUE; // until I start compressing these myself
	return(file_name);
};

void WaveSound::set_wide_text(wide_string text, int new_text_length,
										boolean text_was_updated,
										boolean size_constrained_regardless) {
	if (text == NULL) return; // for robustness - added 171199 -- warn??
//	Sound::set_wide_text(short_file_name(text),-1,text_was_updated,size_constrained_regardless);
	Sound::set_wide_text(text,new_text_length,text_was_updated,size_constrained_regardless);
	if (sound_file_name != NULL) return; // new on 180204
	if (sound != NULL) {
		// commented out since these are shared now
//#if TT_DIRECTX
//		release_sound_buffer(sound);
//#endif
		sound = NULL;
	};
	if (sound_file_name != NULL && sound_hash == NULL) { // new on 241199
		delete [] sound_file_name;
		sound_file_name = NULL;
	};
	sound_buffer_table_index = -1;
	initialize_sound(text); // added on 140699 so saved user sounds are restored right
//	delete [] text; // new on 311000 - since others save this while this guys saves a modified copy
};

Sprite *WaveSound::copy(boolean also_copy_offsets) {
   WaveSound *copy = new WaveSound(llx,lly,
											  NULL,0, // so this doesn't generate a spurious warning about a missing file - new on 241103
//						  	              wide_text,text_length, // restored on 080401 since wide_text is now either local file or short name
//											  NULL,0, // new on 140301
								           current_priority-1,
								           width,height,text_color);
	// commented out on 080401
//	if (sound_file_name != NULL) { // new on 140301 since file might not be on FileSearchPath
//		copy->set_text(sound_file_name);
//	};
	//if (blank && !tt_copy_restores_pre_blank) {
	//	copy->become_blank();
	//};
 //  copy->set_priority_fixed(priority_fixed_flag);
	//if (comment != NULL) {
	//	copy->set_comment(comment->copy());
	//};
	// somehow the code for copying the private media stuff for wave sounds was missing prior to 151103
	copy->set_sound_file_name(copy_string(sound_file_name));
	if (sound_hash != NULL) { // condition new on 091203 - Leonel had a crash about this
		hash hash_copy = new byte[hash_byte_length];
		memcpy(hash_copy,sound_hash,hash_byte_length);
		copy->set_hash(hash_copy);
	};
	copy->set_wide_text(copy_wide_string(wide_text,text_length),text_length); // on 251103 changed to copy the wide_string
   finish_making_copy(copy,also_copy_offsets);
	return(copy);
};

boolean WaveSound::make_sound() {
#if TT_DIRECTX
	load_sound_and_generate_hash();
   if (sound != NULL) {
		play_sound_buffer(sound);
		return(TRUE);
	} else if (sound_file_name != NULL) {
		// warn??
	   return(PlaySound(sound_file_name, NULL, SND_ASYNC|SND_FILENAME));
		// new on 031205 so that if can't play WAV format -- e.g. is MP3 interally - then play it this way
		// not default since too hard to stop just this sound without stopping all sounds
		// and is loaded from file each time
	};
#else
	if (wide_text != NULL) {
		tt_main_window->MCI_send_string(wide_text);
		return(TRUE);
	};
#endif
	return(FALSE);
};

void WaveSound::load_sound_and_generate_hash() { // abstracted on 190803
	if (sound_file_name != NULL) { // && sound == NULL) {
		// commented out on 050100 since might have been flushed from cache - should be a quick check
		// moved here from initialize_sound on 241199 so only when used is this work done (first time)
		sound = load_sound_from_file(sound_file_name,sound_buffer_table_index);
		if (sound_hash == NULL && sound != NULL && tt_maintaining_private_media_directory) { // new on 200303 -
			// should only happen first time loaded from a user file - otherwise sound_hash will be non-NULL
			// could someday deal with sound compression here
			sound_hash = new byte[hash_byte_length];
			string private_file_name = hash_and_copy_file(sound_file_name,".wav",sound_hash,FALSE,
				                                           tt_private_media_directory,tt_private_media_directory_length);
			if (private_file_name != NULL) {
				delete [] sound_file_name;
				sound_file_name = private_file_name;
			};
		};
   };
};

SpriteType WaveSound::dump_type() {
 	if (blank) {
      return(BLANK_USER_SOUND);
   } else {
      return(USER_SOUND);
   };
};

void WaveSound::stop_making_sound() {
#if TT_DIRECTX
	sound_buffer buffer = previously_loaded_sound(sound_buffer_table_index);
	if (buffer != NULL) stop_sound_buffer(buffer); // new on 210300 since this makes sure sound is still available first
//   if (sound != NULL) stop_sound(sound);
#endif
};

void WaveSound::release_all_references() { // renamed on 130504
	if (releasing_all_references) { // new on 230305
		return;
	};
   Sound::release_all_references();
//   release_sound_buffer(sound); // shared start 201199
   sound = NULL;
	if (sound_file_name != NULL) { // new on 311000
		delete [] sound_file_name;
	};
};

void WaveSound::java(java_stream &out) {
	if (blank) { // new on 221100
      out << S(IDS_JAVA_TT_BLANK_SOUND);
		return;
	};
   java_string text_string = java_text_value();
//	string file_name = copy_narrow_string(wide_text); // commented out on 230104
	if (sound_file_name == NULL) { // new on 100401
		log("While making a Java applet found a sound from a file whose name is empty. The sound is ignored.");
		Sound::java(out);
		return;
	};
   java_string au_file_name = au_file_for_java(sound_file_name); // on 240599 no longer skips over the "play" part --
	// sound_file_name changed from file_name on 230104 so user sounds work correctly in Java applets
//   delete [] narrow_text; // commented out on 080201 - makes no sense and broke repeated Java-izations
	if (au_file_name != NULL) { // there is a au equivalent so use that
      java_new_quote_arg1(out,S(IDS_JAVA_TT_SOUND),au_file_name,text_string);
      delete [] au_file_name;
   } else {
		tt_error_file() << "While generating Java applet couldn't generate the \"au\" version of " << sound_file_name << endl;
      Sound::java(out);
   };
//	delete [] file_name; // new on 031200 // commented out on 230104
};

// commented out on 071104 since does nothing
//boolean WaveSound::receive_item(Sprite *item, Sprite *by, millisecond duration, Sprite *original_recipient, Sprite *original_item) {
//	// added on 241199 so is changed just like text
//   return(Text::receive_item(item,by,duration,original_recipient,original_item));
//};

boolean MCISound::make_sound() {
   if (wide_text != NULL) {
		string narrow_text = copy_narrow_string(wide_text);
		tt_main_window->MCI_send_string(narrow_text);
		delete [] narrow_text;
		return(TRUE);
	};
	return(FALSE);
};

Sprite *MCISound::copy(boolean also_copy_offsets) {
   MCISound *copy = new MCISound(llx,lly,
						  	            wide_text,text_length,
                                 current_priority-1,
                                 width,height);
	//if (blank && !tt_copy_restores_pre_blank) {
	//	copy->become_blank();
	//};
 //  copy->set_priority_fixed(priority_fixed_flag);
	//if (comment != NULL) {
	//	copy->set_comment(comment->copy());
	//};
   finish_making_copy(copy,also_copy_offsets);
	return(copy);
};

SpriteType MCISound::dump_type() {
 	if (blank) {
      return(BLANK_MCI_SOUND);
   } else {
      return(MCI_SOUND);
   };
};

boolean SpeechSound::make_sound() {
#if TT_TEXT_TO_SPEECH
	return(speak_after_preprocessing(wide_text,text_length));
#endif
};

SpriteType SpeechSound::dump_type() {
 	if (blank) {
      return(BLANK_SPEECH_SOUND);
   } else {
      return(SPEECH_SOUND);
   };
};

void SpeechSound::stop_making_sound() {
#if TT_TEXT_TO_SPEECH
	if (!tt_shutting_down && showing_on_a_screen()) {
		stop_speaking();  // this stops all speaking not just this one...
	};
#endif
};

Sprite *SpeechSound::copy(boolean also_copy_offsets) {
   SpeechSound *copy = new SpeechSound(llx,lly,
						  	                  wide_text,text_length,
                                       current_priority-1,
                                       width,height);
	//if (blank && !tt_copy_restores_pre_blank) {
	//	copy->become_blank();
	//};
 //  copy->set_priority_fixed(priority_fixed_flag);
	//if (comment != NULL) {
	//	copy->set_comment(comment->copy());
	//};
   finish_making_copy(copy,also_copy_offsets);
	return(copy);
};

// commented out 071104 since does not
//ReleaseStatus SpeechSound::add_to_side(boolean right_side, Sprite *item,
//										         Sprite *by, millisecond duration, Sprite *original_recipient, Sprite *original_item) {
//   return(Text::add_to_side(right_side,item,by,duration,original_recipient,original_item)); // don't ignore it
//};

// commented out on 071104 since does nothing
//boolean SpeechSound::receive_item(Sprite *item, Sprite *by, millisecond duration, Sprite *original_recipient, Sprite *original_item) {
//	// added on 171199 so is changed just like text
//   return(Text::receive_item(item,by,duration,original_recipient,original_item));
//};

void SpeechSound::java(java_stream &out) { // new on 301100
   if (blank) {
		out << "TT.BLANK_TEXT_TO_SPEECH_SOUND"; // could put string in javacom.rc
   } else {
      java_string text_string = java_text_value();
      java_new(out,"TTTextToSpeechSound",text_string); // could put string in javacom.rc
      delete [] text_string;
   };
};

#if TT_SPEAK_ALL_NUMBERS

void SpeechSound::set_wide_text(wide_string text, int new_text_length,
										  boolean text_was_updated,
										  boolean size_constrained_regardless) {
	// new on 071104 to replace numbers with names
	if (text == NULL || new_text_length == 0 || text_was_updated) { // don't do this while typing (since too confusing)
		Sound::set_wide_text(text,new_text_length,text_was_updated,size_constrained_regardless);
		return;
	};
	wide_string new_text = copy_and_process_for_text_to_speech(text,new_text_length);
	int length_of_new_text = wide_string_length(new_text);
	if (length_of_new_text == new_text_length) { // no change
		if (length_of_new_text > 0) {
			delete [] new_text;
		};
		Sound::set_wide_text(text,new_text_length,text_was_updated,size_constrained_regardless);
	} else {
		wide_string trimmed_new_text = copy_wide_string(new_text,length_of_new_text);
		Sound::set_wide_text(trimmed_new_text,length_of_new_text,text_was_updated,size_constrained_regardless);
		delete [] new_text;
		delete [] text; // not needed and was being passed here to be kept by the speech sound
	};
};

#endif

Sprite *BuiltInSound::copy(boolean also_copy_offsets) {
   BuiltInSound *copy = new BuiltInSound(llx,lly,
						  	                    wide_text,text_length,
								                 current_priority-1,
								                 width,height);
	//if (blank && !tt_copy_restores_pre_blank) {
	//	copy->become_blank();
	//};
   copy->set_index(index);
 //  copy->set_priority_fixed(priority_fixed_flag);
	//if (comment != NULL) {
	//	copy->set_comment(comment->copy());
	//};
   finish_making_copy(copy,also_copy_offsets);
	return(copy);
};

boolean BuiltInSound::make_sound() {
	play_sound(index,FALSE);
	return(TRUE);
};

SpriteType BuiltInSound::dump_type() {
 	if (blank) {
      return(BLANK_BUILT_IN_SOUND);
   } else {
      return(BUILT_IN_SOUND);
   };
};

boolean BuiltInSound::dump(output_stream &stream, boolean just_prepare, boolean is_controlee, boolean on_nest) {
   if (!Text::dump(stream,just_prepare,is_controlee)) return(FALSE); // puts right type
   stream.write((string) &index, sizeof(index));
	return(TRUE);
};

#if TT_XML

void BuiltInSound::xml(xml_element *element, xml_document *document) {
//   xml_element *element = Text::xml_create_element(document);
	Text::xml(element,document);
   xml_set_attribute(element,L"Index",index);
//   return(element);
};

boolean BuiltInSound::handle_xml_tag(Tag tag, xml_node *node) {
   switch (tag) {
		case NO_MORE_TAGS: // was BUILT_IN_SOUND_TAG: prior to 070103
         set_index(xml_get_attribute_int(node,L"Index",0));
//         return(TRUE); // and the following (as of 070103)
      default:
         return(Text::handle_xml_tag(tag,node));
   };
};
#endif

void BuiltInSound::java(java_stream &out) {
   if (blank) {
      out << S(IDS_JAVA_TT_BLANK_SOUND);
      return;
   };
   java_string file_name = ensure_file_for_java(index,kind_of());
   if (file_name == NULL) {
      Sound::java(out); // java_new_quote_arg1(out,S(IDS_JAVA_TT_SOUND),"unknown.au","\"UNKNOWN\"");
   } else {
      java_string text_string = java_text_value();
      java_new_quote_arg1(out,S(IDS_JAVA_TT_SOUND),file_name,text_string);
      delete [] text_string;
      delete [] file_name;
   };
};

Sound *load_sound(SpriteType type, InputStream *pad_in, int notebook_version,
						NaturalLanguage language, long index, Sprite *container, boolean descendants_inactive) {
	Sprite *comment = NULL;
	if (notebook_version >= first_version_to_save_copied_nests) {
		comment = load_item(pad_in,notebook_version,language);
	};
	unsigned short int length;
   pad_in->read((string) &length, sizeof(length));
	wide_string contents = NULL;
   if (length > 0) {
		string narrow_contents = new char[length+1];
		pad_in->read((string) narrow_contents,length);
		narrow_contents[length] = '\0';
	   contents = copy_wide_string(narrow_contents);
		delete [] narrow_contents;
   };
	boolean set_color_and_flags = FALSE;
	color_index color,flags;
	if (notebook_version >= first_version_to_save_copied_nests) {
		color = (color_index) pad_in->get();
		flags = (unsigned char) pad_in->get();
		set_color_and_flags = TRUE; // new on 010899
	};
   Sound *sound = NULL;
   boolean need_to_make_blank = FALSE;
   switch (type) {
      case BLANK_BUILT_IN_SOUND:
      case BLANK_SOUND: // older version when there was only built in sounds
         need_to_make_blank = TRUE;
      case BUILT_IN_SOUND:
      case SOUND: // older version when there was only built in sounds
        {
         unsigned short index;
         pad_in->read((string) &index,sizeof(index));
         sound = new BuiltInSound(0,0,contents,-1,0,0,0,TRUE); // -1 was length prior to 161199 but if there was an error it will be shorter
         ((BuiltInSound *) sound)->set_index(index);
         break;
        };
      case BLANK_MCI_SOUND:
         need_to_make_blank = TRUE;
      case MCI_SOUND:
         sound = new MCISound(); //0,0,contents,length,0,0,0,TRUE);
         break;
      case BLANK_SPEECH_SOUND:
         need_to_make_blank = TRUE;
      case SPEECH_SOUND:
         sound = new SpeechSound();
         break;
      case BLANK_USER_SOUND:
         need_to_make_blank = TRUE;
      case USER_SOUND:
         sound = new WaveSound();
         break;
      case BLANK_FORCE_FEEDBACK:
         need_to_make_blank = TRUE;
      case FORCE_FEEDBACK:
         {
         unsigned char joystick_number = (unsigned char) pad_in->get();
         boolean ignore_old;
#if TT_DIRECT_INPUT
			string narrow_contents = copy_narrow_string(contents);
         int index = force_index(narrow_contents);
			if (narrow_contents != NULL) delete [] narrow_contents;
#else
         int index = 0; // no joysticks anyways
#endif
         sound = new ForceFeedback(joystick_number,
                                   force_parameter_controlee(index,joystick_number,ignore_old));
//                                   intensity,direction,duration,trigger_button,
//                                   0,0,contents,length,0,0,0,TRUE);
         };
         break;
   };
   if (container != NULL) {  // new on 160702
      if (container->kind_of() == PROGRAM_PAD) {
         sound->set_in_notebook((Notebook *) container,FALSE); // no point recuring
      } else if (container->kind_of() == VACUUM) {
         sound->set_inside_vacuum(TRUE,FALSE);
      };
   };
	associate_shared_item(index,sound);
   if (need_to_make_blank) {
      sound->become_blank();
   };
	sound->set_comment(comment);
	if (contents != NULL) {
		sound->set_wide_text(contents);
	} else { // new on 100401
		log("Loading a sound from a file whose name is empty. Sorry, the sound won't work. ");
	};
	if (set_color_and_flags) { // and more...
		sound->set_color(color);
		sound->set_visible((boolean) (flags>>1));
		sound->set_show_all((boolean) (flags&1));
		sound->set_infinite_stack((boolean) (flags>>2)); // new on 190500
	};
   // what about active flag?
   return(sound);
};

boolean describe_sound(SpriteType type,
                       InputStream *pad_in, output_stream &text_out, int version_number,
                       boolean in_thought_bubble, Article article) {
	if (version_number >= first_version_to_save_copied_nests) {
		describe_comment_encoding(pad_in,text_out,version_number,SOUND);
	};
   unsigned short int length;
	pad_in->read((string) &length, sizeof(length));
   string contents = new character[length+1];
	if (length > 0) {
		pad_in->read((string) contents,length);
		contents[length] = NULL; // terminate the string
	};
	if (version_number >= first_version_to_save_copied_nests) {
		pad_in->get(); // ignore color
		pad_in->get(); // ignore flags like show all
	};
   switch (type) {
      case BLANK_BUILT_IN_SOUND:
      case BLANK_USER_SOUND:
      case BLANK_SPEECH_SOUND:
      case BLANK_MCI_SOUND:
         if (in_thought_bubble) {
			   text_out << S(IDS_ANY_SOUND);
		   } else {
			   text_out << S(IDS_BLANK_SOUND);
		   };
         if (type == BLANK_BUILT_IN_SOUND) { // was BLANK_SOUND prior to Sept. 5 '98
            unsigned short index;
            pad_in->read((string) &index,sizeof(index));
         };
         break;
      case BUILT_IN_SOUND:
      case USER_SOUND:
      case SPEECH_SOUND:
      case MCI_SOUND:
			{
         print_type(SOUND,text_out,article);
         for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
			   if (new_line(contents[i])) { // was  == '\r' prior to 090802
				   contents[i] = ' '; // replace carriage returns with spaces
		      };
		   };
			if (length > 0) {
				text_out << " \"" << contents << "\"";
			} else {
				text_out << " \"\""; // new on 100401
			};
         if (type == BUILT_IN_SOUND) {
            unsigned short index;
            pad_in->read((string) &index,sizeof(index));
         };
			};
         break;
		case BLANK_FORCE_FEEDBACK: // new on 160799
			if (in_thought_bubble) {
			   text_out << S(IDS_ANY_FORCE_EFFECT);
		   } else {
			   text_out << S(IDS_BLANK_FORCE_EFFECT);
		   };
			pad_in->get(); // ignore joystick number
			break;
		case FORCE_FEEDBACK: // new on 160799
			{
			print_type(FORCE_FEEDBACK,text_out,article);
         for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            if (new_line(contents[i])) { // was == '\r' prior to 090802
				   contents[i] = ' '; // replace carriage returns with spaces
		      };
		   };
         text_out << " \"" << contents << "\"";
			char joystick_number = pad_in->get();
			text_out << " (" << S(IDS_JOYSTICK_LABEL) << (int) (joystick_number+1) << ")";
			};
			break;
	};
   delete [] contents;
	return(TRUE);
};

/* commented out on 190799 since sound::respond_to_keyboard does a good job now
Sprite *ForceFeedback::respond_to_keyboard(char key, boolean , Sprite *by,
												       boolean record_action, ActionStatus *action_status) {
   if (record_action) { // commented out on 270499 for retraining && by != NULL && !by->still_running()) {
      record_event(KEYBOARD_CHARACTER,by,floor,this,TRUE,key);
		simulate_mouse_up();
	};
	completed(action_status);
   if (toggle_on) {
   	if (!ok_to_make_a_sound(floor)) {
         // in another house -- good policy to make no effect?
		   return(this);
	   };
      make_sound();
   } else {
      stop_making_sound();
   };
   toggle_on = !toggle_on;
	return(this);
};
*/

boolean ForceFeedback::make_sound() {
#if TT_DIRECT_INPUT
   if (parameter_controlee == NULL) return(FALSE); // new on 300799
	parameter_controlee->play_effect();
	return(TRUE);
//      play_force_feedback_effect(text,FALSE,joystick_number); // should be joystick index...
#else
// else beep or something??
	return(FALSE);
#endif
};

void ForceFeedback::generate_help(output_stream &message, Sprite *tool_in_hand, Sprite *selection) {
	// new on 310799
	if (blank) {
		// could say more if done this before
		if ((contained_in(THOUGHT_BUBBLE) && !did_user(TEXT_BLANKED_INSIDE_THOUGHT_BUBBLE,TEXT) &&
			 !did_user(TEXT_BLANK,TEXT)) ||
			 tt_help_counter == 1) {
			 describe_pointing(message,tool_in_hand,selection);
		};
		if ((!did_user(TEXT_BLANKED_INSIDE_THOUGHT_BUBBLE,TEXT) && tt_help_counter == 0)
		    || tt_help_counter == 1) {
			message << S(IDS_TEXT_BLANKED_TB_HELP2)
					  << S(IDS_TEXT_BLANKED_TB_HELP3);
		};
		return;
	 } else if ((!did_user(TEXT_FORCE_EFFECT_FELT,TEXT) && tt_help_counter == 0 &&
					tt_force_feedback_joystick_count > 0)
					|| tt_help_counter == 6) {
		tt_help_history_action = TEXT_FORCE_EFFECT_FELT;
		message << S(IDS_FORCE_EFFECT_HELP);
		describe_right_button(message);
		message << S(IDS_FORCE_EFFECT_HELP2,"") << end_sentence();
		if (tt_force_feedback_joystick_count > 0) {
			message << S(IDS_FORCE_EFFECTS_ON_PAGE4);
		};
	};
};

//void ForceFeedback::toggle() {
   // unlike Sound this really does toggle since lots of effects are INFINITE
   // but it does mean that you
//   if (making_sound) {
//      stop_making_sound();
//   } else {
//      make_sound();
//   };
//   making_sound = !making_sound;
//};

void ForceFeedback::stop_making_sound() {
#if TT_DIRECT_INPUT
   if (parameter_controlee != NULL) parameter_controlee->stop_effect();
#endif
};

Sprite *ForceFeedback::copy(boolean also_copy_offsets) {
   ForceFeedback *copy = new ForceFeedback(joystick_number,parameter_controlee,
//                                           intensity,direction,duration,trigger_button,
                                           llx,lly,
						  	                      wide_text,text_length,
                                           current_priority-1,
                                           width,height);
	//if (blank && !tt_copy_restores_pre_blank) {
	//	copy->become_blank();
	//};
 //  copy->set_priority_fixed(priority_fixed_flag);
	//if (comment != NULL) {
	//	copy->set_comment(comment->copy());
	//};
   finish_making_copy(copy,also_copy_offsets);
	return(copy);
};

SpriteType ForceFeedback::dump_type() {
 	if (blank) {
      return(BLANK_FORCE_FEEDBACK);
   } else {
      return(FORCE_FEEDBACK);
   };
};

boolean ForceFeedback::dump(output_stream &stream, boolean just_prepare, boolean is_controlee, boolean on_nest) {
   if (!Sound::dump(stream,just_prepare,is_controlee)) return(FALSE);
   stream.put(joystick_number);
//   controlee->dump(stream,just_prepare);
	return(TRUE);
};

#if TT_XML

void ForceFeedback::xml(xml_element *element, xml_document *document) {
   Sound::xml(element,document);
   xml_set_attribute(element,L"JoystickNumber",joystick_number);
   if (parameter_controlee != NULL) {
      xml_set_attribute(element,L"ForceIndex",parameter_controlee->return_force_index());
		if (tt_include_descriptions_in_xml) { // tt_dump_reason == DUMPING_TO_CLIPBOARD) { // no need to waste time and space otherwise -- conditional new on 261102
			xml_set_attribute(element,L"Description",parameter_controlee->return_force_name());
		};
   };
};

boolean ForceFeedback::handle_xml_tag(Tag tag, xml_node *node) {
   switch (tag) {
		case NO_MORE_TAGS: { // was FORCE_FEEDBACK_TAG: prior to 070103
         boolean ignore_old;
         set_parameter_controlee(force_parameter_controlee(xml_get_attribute_int(node,L"ForceIndex",0),xml_get_attribute_int(node,L"JoystickNumber",0),ignore_old));
//         return(TRUE); // and the following
								 };
      default:
         return(Sound::handle_xml_tag(tag,node));
   };
};
#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


To volunteer with the students at Mergenthaler Vocational-Technical High School in Baltimore, Landrum and Mitchel, of local organization Noisy Tenants, first had to gain their trust. The students were used to adults coming into their classrooms and making promises they were unable to keep. Students had gotten their hopes up about new computers, textbooks, and other school materials several times before Landrum and Mitchel arrived with the idea of helping them conceive and run their own pop-up restaurant. The teens weren't used to feeling like their ideas and passions were taken seriously.
The students eventually opened and ran the restaurant, Noisy Burger, in 2017, managing a rush of hungry locals who visited the pop-up space. Executing the business plan was about more than serving burgers: It was a chance for students to utilize the skills that they already possessed in new and unexpected ways, and a reminder that there are people in their community who believe in them.
Baltimore teenagers and adults alike have long resented the public narrative that surrounds their city. They want outsiders to know that amid the city's violence and poverty, there's also a vibrant arts scene and a community determined to look out for one another, even when it feels like the rest of the world has already counted Baltimore out.
Over a three-day weekend, from August 17-19, the Red Bull Amaphiko festival facilitated events that developed and highlighted social entrepreneurship occurring throughout the city. From a concept for a trans-friendly sliding-scale home-sharing program to a yoga initiative that focuses on bringing wellness initiatives directly to black men and boys, the festival highlighted the efforts of local entrepreneurs who are working to improve their city.
During the festival, entrepreneurs seemed to be in agreement about two things: Baltimore residents are the most equipped to solve the issues their community faces, and youth have to be at the forefront of doing so.
During their performance at the the Medicine Show, a part of the entrepreneurship festival, the Dewmore Baltimore Youth Poetry Team criticize a system that allows "gavels to sing out acquittals rather than accountability," sarcastically reflect on the privilege that comes with "white-boy magic," and exhibit a confidence in their identities in a way that most people struggle to do in their teenage years.
Keyma Flight, 17, and her teammates, including 19-year-old Kraileani Lea-Conner, 17-year-old Maren Lovey Wright-Kerr, and 18-year-old Deleicea Greene, didn't participate in the riots that followed the death of Freddie Gray in 2015, but the teens say the way the youth in their city was portrayed motivated them to riot in their own way: through their poetry. The teens have won poetry slams nationally and internationally, conveying their perspectives with impassioned expletives, and showing up to competitions and events unapologetic about their identities.
This passion persisted throughout the Medicine Show. The concept for the show is to pair social entrepreneurs that might not have the stage presence to effectively showcase their work, with local artists, including poets, singers, and more. Host Michelle Nelson conducted quick interviews with the entrepreneurs, before an artist took the stage to convey the overall goal of their initiative.
During the show, Landrum and Mitchel also highlighted their work with the youth-hosted Greenmount West podcast, which allows young people to take the lead in discussing community issues and pop culture. Walker Marsh, a man described poetically during the event as "embodying the sunflower," talked about starting a flower farm in an empty lot surrounded by abandoned buildings. In the beginning stages of the farm he named Tha Flower Factory, he employed formerly incarcerated youth, and later enlisted the help of kids from public schools and others in the neighborhood.
For her segment of the Medicine Show, Brittany Young brought out two kids on dirt bikes to help the audience visualize the concept of her program, B-360. Young started developing the idea of using the Baltimore's prominent dirt bike culture to teach kids about STEM in 2016. A "city schoolkid," much like the children she works with, Young said she knows what it's like to feel unheard and have undeveloped talent. The 29-year-old said she got in trouble a lot as a kid, until she was gifted a chemistry kit and discovered her love of science.
"Growing up we only heard about The Wire, how Baltimore city schoolkids are dumb and there's no talent here," she said.
In 2017, The Baltimore Sun reported the city had arrested 45 people and confiscated more than 200 bikes in about a year. Police set up a special task force to address the issue. According to the Baltimore Police Dirt Bike Violators Task Force, both riding and owning a dirt bike, or "other unregistered motorcyle," are illegal in Baltimore. Young said she hopes to eventually use her position on the task force and her relationships with city officials and riders to decriminalize dirt bike riding within the city.
For many of her students, Young said, riding a dirt bike is a way for them to escape the pressures of life in Baltimore. She often says, if her students have to choose between picking up a gun or a dirt bike, she'd rather they choose to ride, as long as they're doing so safely.
B-360 works to teach students as young as five years old to "build, code, design, 3D print and test" using dirt bikes. Young notes that many of the students grew up fixing their own bikes, unaware that what they were doing was a highly technical skill. The entrepreneur noted the similarities in dirt bike and motocross cultures, and one glaring difference: the demographics of the riders and the way they're treated for their passion.
"When you're able to allow kids to have pride in what they're good at and [teach them] how to navigate what their passions are, it puts ownership into black kids' hands and it allows them to be a part of changing the direction into how people view parts of black culture," Jessica Sackey, 20, a dirt bike instructor and college student working with Young, said.
So far, Young has worked with 3,000 Baltimore kids, but to expand her efforts and continue to provide these services to kids for free, she said she'll need more than the grants and donations she's been relying on. She's hoping to do some for-profit consulting, city planning, and product development to support these efforts.
As members of the 2017 Red Bull Amaphiko Academy, the company's first in the U.S., Young, Marsh, and other social entrepreneurs in Baltimore had access to 18 months of mentoring and development that helped them conceptualize and execute their visions.
Changa Bell is another Amaphiko fellow who got to shine during the festival. Driven by a desire to pour love into a community he felt didn't receive enough, Bell created the Black Male Yoga Initiative to encourage black boys and men to take an interest in wellness.
Bell's ultimate goal is to train 1,000 men in yoga so that they can go into the community and create a ripple effect that can reverberate through the city and beyond. For now, though, he partners with local organizations that hire him to train and teach yoga to youth in the community, including girls.
Lanae Leath, 17, was pleased when she discovered yoga class doesn't always have to be the way it's depicted on television. When she was instructed to take yoga as a part of Fresh Start, a program that "serves out-of-school youth, ages 17-19 — most of whom, according to organizers, are referred by the Maryland Department of Juvenile Services," — she envisioned trying (and failing) to contort her leg to fit behind her head.
To Leath's surprise, she grew to enjoy the yoga classes led by Bell. She says now that she's completed the program, she still does yoga every day, returning to some of the poses she learned from Bell and relying on YouTube videos.
In addition to highlighting its fellows and local entrepreneurs, the Red Bull Amaphiko festival also partnered with community institution New Beginnings Barbershop to join as a sponsor Luv's Art Block Party — a free community event that has been hosted in Baltimore's Hollins Market for nearly a decade, featuring barbecue and live performances.
Red Bull's AJ White said it was important for the company to show up to support community efforts that were thriving long before Red Bull showed up, instead of trying to create its own ideas of how and what Baltimore should be.
"A lot of people don't realize how strong the community is," Baltimore poet Keyma Flight said, explaining why events like these matter. "It's important to show people that Baltimore is not just the city that had the riot. We have heritage, culture, all of these other things. It's important to show that we're connected to our youth, because people don't believe that.


The second day of the Afterfeast of Theophany falls on January 8. At Vespers we repeat a hymn which has already been sung at Compline for Theophany. In the hymn Saint John wonders in whose name he should baptize Christ. Should he baptize Him in the name of the Father? The Lord Jesus Christ already bears Him in Himself. Of the Son? He Himself is the incarnate Son of God. Of the Holy Spirit? Christ Himself sends the Spirit.


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text:
Britney Spears' concert in Israel is 'delaying' a leadership contest
"There were likely to be traffic jams"
By Katie Frost
When the date for Britney Spears' concert in Israel was set for 3rd July, fans were quick to get their hands on tickets for her one-night-only show as part of her upcoming world tour. Yet for the country's Labour party, the announcement of the pop star's first-ever Tel Aviv gig turned out to be seriously bad timing.
The political party was due to hold its primary election for party chairperson on that date, but according to The Times of Israel, the leadership vote has been pushed back a day to avoid competing with Britney taking to the stage in the city's Hayarkon Park. After all, the singer's Israeli fans have been waiting years to see their pop idol perform Oops I Did It Again in their homeland.
A spokesperson for Labour party said the change in date made sense for logistical reasons. Speaking to the newspaper, he said the decision would "make it easier for people to reach polling stations". He added that there had also been "a difficulty in recruiting security guards" for the original chosen date.
Former party leader and defence minister Amir Peretz, who is tipped to be a contender to challenge Labour leader Isaac Herzog, also said that holding the election on the same day as Britney's concert would be a nightmare for transport, particularly as both events were due to take place next to each other.
"We put it back one day to July 4," Peretz told local radio, reports The Telegraph. "They said there were likely to be traffic jams."
So, with the traffic crisis averted, will the party's leader be making the most of his spare day by going to watch the princess of pop? His spokesman said he was "unaware of plans" for Herzog to attend.
Katie Frost Senior Editor Katie Frost is Deputy News Editor in the Newsroom, covering lifestyle, travel, food, celebrity and royals-related content.
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