NEW BRUNSWICK, N.J. (Legal Newsline) – A professor of science history at Columbia University on Monday told a jury how asbestos came to be regarded as a deadly toxic substance in a trial to determine if Johnson & Johnson baby powder caused Ricardo Rimondi's mesothelioma.
The trial, held in the New Jersey Superior Court for Middlesex County, is being streamed live courtesy of Courtroom View Network.
Rimondi is suing Johnson & Johnson over allegations J&J baby powder caused him to develop mesothelioma, a deadly and incurable cancer of the linings of the lungs. A native of Peru and a father, Romindi, 58, was diagnosed with the disease in 2016.
Dr. David Rosner, an expert witness for the plaintiff, told a jury that concern about asbestos originally began in the late 19th century when female factory inspectors were sent into textile mills in England to find out why workers were unable to breathe properly were dying young.
Workers who began working at age 18 were dying at age 33, Rosner added.
Asbestos in the early days was used in the production of insulation materials, including wrap-around mitts to insulate hot water boilers.
In 1906, a British pathologist conducted exams that looked at the scarring of the lungs of workers.
In 1917, Fred L. Hoffman, a statistician and insurance executive with the Prudential Insurance Co., kept detailed records that culminated in one of the first reports on the effects of breathing mineral dust.
In 1927, a report by a pathologist described asbestosis as a disease involving the scarring of lungs and shortness of breath.
"Now they were calling it a disease (asbestosis) meaning a dust-lung disease caused by asbestos and not just a general problem," Rosner said.
In 1928, the Journal of the American Medical Association published an article called "Pulmonary Asbestosis." Articles on the condition began to be circulated in the U.S. and around the world.
Rosner said by the 1930s, it was known that asbestos in dust was dangerous, but the exact amount later to be called a "threshold limit," or safe level of exposure, remained unknown.
"There is no known safe level of exposure to asbestos when you're talking about cancer," Rosner said.
By the 1940s, people were making a more direct connection between asbestos exposure and cancer and by the 1960s, specific studies linked asbestos-contaminated talc powder with the disease.
In 1970, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration was formed to regulate the safety of workers.
On cross-examination, Allison Brown, attorney for Johnson & Johnson with the New York-based Weil, Gotshal & Manges law firm, asked Rosner if he would tell the jury there was asbestos in Johnson & Johnson baby powder.
Brown asked Rosner if he would tell the jury Romindi's mesothelioma had something to do with baby powder.
"No, that's causation," Rosner said.
"Do you know that Johnson & Johnson went above industry standards (testing)?" Brown asked.
"I know what was said," Rosner responded.
Rosner agreed that looking at the miners and millers of talc powder would be a good place to start a discussion about asbestos contamination.
Thousands of cases against Johnson & Johnson alleging injuries from asbestos exposure are pending in courts. In New Jersey, plaintiff verdicts have been high. There have been verdicts of $117 million and $37 million.
In neighboring Pennsylvania, a Philadelphia judge recently dismissed a plaintiff's lawsuit after refusing to let her expert testify. Without experts to testify to a link between talc and asbestos-related cancers, plaintiffs' cases fall apart.


text:
Doctor Who arrives in modern times. And it works
http://cuttingsarchive.org/images/6/64/2005-03-26_Daily_Telegraph.jpg
Publication: The Daily Telegraph
Author: Stephen Pile
The sci-fi series that returns tonight has all the classic ingredients — except the scarves, writes Stephen Pile
AFTER a long absence Doctor Who lands at 7pm on BBC1 tonight, smack, bang, up-to-date. It works. Thumbs up. Let them live.
It is like watching a completely new programme but with enough references to the great tradition to make it authentic. It has the Tardis, the monsters, the female companion responsible for the sexual awakening of boy viewers everywhere, the sonic screwdriver and that crucial balance between scariness and comedy. But no scarves.
Gone are the flamboyance and theatricality. The theme tune is more edgily orchestrated, like the whole show. Christopher Eccleston's doctor, with his black leather jacket and northern accent, is modern, urban and of today, manically driven by his desire to save the world.
His new assistant, Rose (Billy Piper), lives on a housing estate. She has a black boyfriend and a mum in tracksuit bottoms who is only interested in getting compensation for her daughter's distress during an attack of the Autons.
Rose did not know what a blue police box was, never mind a Tardis.
Watching a preview tape, we adults thought it was state-of-the-art ("Wow, we never had faces morphing like that") whereas the children, raised on The Matrix and Buffy the Vampire Slayer, found it charmingly low-tech, particularly when Dr Who was attacked by the disembodied arm of a possessed shop dummy.
"There's hardly any CGI," they observed. (Computer-generated imagery. Catch up.)
Eccleston is such an electrifying actor that he conveys the doctor's alien status (he is 900 years old with two hearts) by the means of wide-eyed, slightly unhinged over-enthusiasm.
He has real chemistry with Piper's Rose, who is the most interesting development of all. Like the Roman centurion's costume, Doctor Who constantly evolved. The female companion, for example, changed from a screaming, helpless girl only good for rescuing into a feisty, independent young thing, like Leela in her leather leotard or street-wise Ace. Rose is post-feminist. Soft, caring and unashamedly attractive but she still saves her pathetic boyfriend, and even Doctor Who, with a moment of no-fuss girl power. Russell T Davies's script is vastly better than anything before it and the scariness, this week at least, seems more everyday.
Under the London Eye, a seething, malevolent porridge of alien consciousness is bringing plastic everywhere to life aimed at wiping out humanity. It includes dolls, shop mannequins and, as Rose says, "breast implants".
Will it be popular? This is not for an adult to say. My teenage son twice purred "This is really cool," which augurs well. But he worried that his friends would not watch it. "It's sad watching programmes your parents liked." Do these children have no sense of tradition?
Stephen Pile on television: Arts & Books Page 19
Caption: The new Doctor Who (Christopher Eccleston and his new girl companion (Billie Piper) emerge from the old Tardis, still disguised as a London police box
APA 6th ed.: Pile, Stephen (2005-03-26). Doctor Who arrives in modern times. And it works. The Daily Telegraph p. 11.
MLA 7th ed.: Pile, Stephen. "Doctor Who arrives in modern times. And it works." The Daily Telegraph [add city] 2005-03-26, 11. Print.
Chicago 15th ed.: Pile, Stephen. "Doctor Who arrives in modern times. And it works." The Daily Telegraph, edition, sec., 2005-03-26
Turabian: Pile, Stephen. "Doctor Who arrives in modern times. And it works." The Daily Telegraph, 2005-03-26, section, 11 edition.
Wikipedia (this article): <ref>{{cite news| title=Doctor Who arrives in modern times. And it works | url=http://cuttingsarchive.org/index.php/Doctor_Who_arrives_in_modern_times._And_it_works | work=The Daily Telegraph | pages=11 | date=2005-03-26 | via=Doctor Who Cuttings Archive | accessdate=1 February 2023 }}</ref>
Wikipedia (this page): <ref>{{cite web | title=Doctor Who arrives in modern times. And it works | url=http://cuttingsarchive.org/index.php/Doctor_Who_arrives_in_modern_times._And_it_works | work=Doctor Who Cuttings Archive | accessdate=1 February 2023}}</ref>
Retrieved from "http://cuttingsarchive.org/index.php?title=Doctor_Who_arrives_in_modern_times._And_it_works&oldid=10854"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
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Shaman Days
The vast and haunting landscape of the Four Corners region -- where Arizona, New Mexico, Utah and Colorado meet -- touches places in my soul I scarcely knew existed. After my first visit nearly 20 years ago, the place nagged at me until I returned.
I imagined, on that first visit, understanding how the Native Americans feel about this land. I learned, on a recent return, how naive I can be.
This is the land of the Navajo, the Diné, "the people," chosen as their reservation when forced by the inexorable tide of Manifest Destiny. Anglos were content to let them keep this land. "As far as the Anglos were concerned, there was really not much going on out there, just lots of sand and rocks," says Robert S. McPherson, PhD, author of Sacred Land, Sacred View: Navajo Perceptions of the Four Corners Region (Signature Books).
The Navajo feel differently.
The 25,000-square-mile reservation lies within four mountains considered sacred by the tribe: Blanca Peak, Colo. (Sisnaajinii to the Navajo); Mount Taylor, Ariz. (Tsoodzil); San Francisco Peak (Dook'o'oostiid), Ariz.; and Hesperus Peak, Colo. (Dibé Ntsaa). In his book, McPherson compares the area's landforms to the stained glass windows of cathedrals built in Middle Ages, which helped depict and act as mnemonic devices for the tenets of Christianity. "If you understand Navajo thinking, every place has a name, every place tells a story," says McPherson, who also teaches sociology and Native American philosophy and literature at the College of Eastern Utah.
A friend and I -- tourists, not scholars -- recently visited Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park with the intention of hiring a guide to share those stories with us.
Monument Valley, with its extraordinary red rock monoliths rising hundreds of feet from the desert floor, is one of the area's most compelling landscapes. Visitors may tour a 17-mile self-drive loop, but all other access must be with a Navajo guide. Hiking, jeep and horseback tours, from 90 minutes to overnight, are available. Some companies specialize in photography tours, guides are available for the magic moments of sunrise and sunset, and many accommodate special requests.
But my inquiries about tours focusing on Navajo legends garnered mostly blank stares. "What do you mean?" I was asked more than once.
The formations of Monument Valley are commonly known by the names given them by Harry Goulding, an Anglo trader and promoter who came to the area in 1923. Goulding opened a trading post, gained the friendship of the tribe, and persuaded Hollywood director John Ford to use the valley in the classic Western films that put the great rock formations into the American consciousness. It was his imagination that named the Mittens, Elephant Butte, Camel Butte and others, for the shapes they resemble. Guides use these names, point out where John Wayne sat on his horse in The Searchers (for a small fee, a local will recreate the pose for photographs). And guides might point out rocks that look like Snoopy, Jay Leno, Jesus Christ.
"For the entertainment value," one explained.
"It's a White veneer over something that's very Navajo," says McPherson. "The Navajo have names for all those rocks but my gut impression, if we're talking generally, is that many guides may not know the names."
In the introduction of Sacred Land, Sacred Views McPherson explains he wrote the highly readable book "most importantly for the Navajo people of the Four Corners region," because Elders fear "many of the beliefs accepted as part of Navajo culture will be lost if not recorded."
Compounding this fading awareness is protectiveness."They look at this knowledge as a cultural resource. They're looking at the preservation of the information as something that should be handled very carefully," says McPherson. And the belief system itself causes stories to be closely held. "The story is a very tangible power. They're not treated lightly, they are not given away freely, they are treated with respect. Some stories, for example, may be told only in certain seasons." And, he points out, the oral tradition of Navajo legends means stories may change from telling to telling.
And so my companion and I learn that we cannot simply buy the knowledge (such a corrupt 21st century notion!). Instead, we mine for it, glean it, piece together what we can, and finally catch only the merest glimpse of the mythology of the powerful landscape.
From McPherson's book we learn that Monument Valley's traditional Navajo name translates to There Is a Treeless Area Amid the Rocks, and that the famous formations familiarly known as The Mittens are thought by some to be the hands of the gods, left behind as a sign that some day they will return and rule from Monument Valley. We read that El Capitan (Agathla) beams information to the sun, and that the sacred Shiprock, which we pass on our drive to Monument Valley from Albuquerque, was desecrated -- ironically -- when a Sierra Club expedition climbed it in 1939.
Through Simpson's Trailhandler Tours we find guide Wes Howard, who has been informally studying the legends of his land and tribe. As we jolt across the desert in a jeep, Howard discusses modern Navajo issues ("A lot of older people die of preventable diseases because they go to medicine men first," he says). He explains the power of the wind in Navajo belief; sings us a Navajo song about seeking balance in life as we rest within a red rock bowl; tells us how rain can be male (a hard, driving storm) or female (a gentle and nourishing shower), and that the power of eagle feathers is greater if the feathers are taken from a live eagle. And with Howard, book and folk knowledge meet. From the book we learn that climbers desecrated Totem Pole Rock. Howard pinpoints a stunt during the filming of the 1975 Clint Eastwood film, The Eiger Sanction. "A lot of people blame the drought on that," he says.
The next day we take a horseback tour with Black's Hiking and Jeep Tours and fortuitously have John Holiday as a guide (our beyond-apathetic mounts are less entertaining). Holiday is grandson and son of medicine men and may someday be taught the sacred rituals of the shaman himself, "When I settle down and get less wild," he says. "I'm not ready." With persuasion, Holiday shares some of what he knows already, showing us medicinal plants, relating tales of evil Skinwalkers, who can change shape, telling us about the heavenly sign he saw the moment his grandfather died.
After a few days, my companion and I have a fuzzy sense of what Monument Valley and its surrounds mean, a strong sense of the depth of its significance, an embarrassed awareness of the inappropriateness of our plan to simply drop in and buy wisdom.
Perhaps that is just the way of my people.
"When you start talking about sacred sites the problem is that Americans have a habit of loving things to death," says McPherson. "You have a lot of people going to the places that are sacred and special and trying to glom on to that religiosity. It's comparable to riding your motorcycle through a cathedral." Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park is about 170 miles northeast of Flagstaff, Ariz.; about 300 from from either Phoenix or Albuquerque. The park has 99-sites at the Mitten View Campsite.
All rooms at Goulding's Lodge (435-727-3231) have balcony views of the valley. Book early in peak seasons of summer and fall. Kayenta, Ariz. about 30 miles from the park entrance, has Hampton Inn (520-697-3170); Best Western Wetherill Inn (520-697-3231); and Holiday Inn (520-697-3221). Nearby Mexican Hat, Utah also has some accommodations.
Tours may be arranged through many hotels and at booths by the park visitors center. Simpson's Trailhandler Tours may be reached at (453)727-3255; www.trailhandlertours.com. Black's may be reached at (800) 749-4226.
4 Modern Miracles You Forgot About
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He may not have run a $50bn ponzi scheme but the domain name industry has found its Bernie Madoff. Yesterday, it was revealed that an employee of SnapNames, a popular domain name drop service and auctioneer, had been bidding on SnapNames domain name auctions, winning valuable domains, inflating auction prices and boosting revenue for the company in the process.
All told, the employee, who was an early member of the SnapNames team and a vice president at the company, is said to have participated in 5% of SnapNames' total auctions between 2005 and 2007 and that the value of his bidding accounted for 1% of SnapNames' revenue during that time.
Building a brilliant brand online requires a brilliant domain name but unfortunately, supply and demand aren't in your favor when it comes to acquiring great domains. Trying to find a catchy .com can seem as difficult as trying to catch a fly.
But that doesn't mean that the perfect domain name is out of your reach. To the contrary: when you know where to look, finding the domain you've always dreamed of can be far easier than you might imagine.


text:
Q: Google EarthEngine Python in VirtualEnv: requests can connect to google.com but ee.Initialize() fails with SSL get certificate error Trying to get a working installation of the Google EarthExplorer.  I am inside a robust corporate firewall, and had to examine the certificate used by Chrome to verify the server/address being verified (using Chrome's dev tools).
After some reading - it looks like the situation is that:
1) when calling Initialize method on ee object, ee uses requests to manage the connection.
2) To configure the VirtualEnv correctly, I had to configure my virtualenv to use the organization provided certificate.  Based on this SE (SE Python SSL Requests...) I was clued in to the fact that the python stack was using requests, which along with certifi manage a cert bundle for SSL on python.
3)  After configuring the supplied certificate (matching that used with Chrome), I can open a connection to google inside my VirtualEnv using requests.  Great!
(earthengine) X:\_01_VirtualEnvs\earthengine>python
Python 2.7.10 (default, May 23 2015, 09:40:32) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import requests
>>> requests.get("https://earthengine.google.com/", verify = True)
<Response [200]>
>>>

I think this is 'working' now ... when I try the same outside of the VirtualEnv, I get failed SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE... message.  This lets me know that I got my certificate in the right place, and it seems to be working correctly.
However, I'm still getting errors on the ee.Initialize():
>>> ee.Initialize()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "X:\_01_VirtualEnvs\earthengine\lib\site-packages\ee\__init__.py", line 9
3, in Initialize
    ApiFunction.initialize()
  File "X:\_01_VirtualEnvs\earthengine\lib\site-packages\ee\apifunction.py", lin
e 151, in initialize
    signatures = data.getAlgorithms()
  File "X:\_01_VirtualEnvs\earthengine\lib\site-packages\ee\data.py", line 410,
in getAlgorithms
    return send_('/algorithms', {}, 'GET')
  File "X:\_01_VirtualEnvs\earthengine\lib\site-packages\ee\data.py", line 738,
in send_
    response, content = send_with_backoff()
  File "X:\_01_VirtualEnvs\earthengine\lib\site-packages\ee\data.py", line 735,
in send_with_backoff
    'Unexpected HTTP error: %s' % e.message)
ee.ee_exception.EEException: Unexpected HTTP error: [Errno 1] _ssl.c:510: error:
14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed

Anyone have any ideas on what is going wrong here?  I thought that ee was using requests, therefore setting the python environments' requests properly.
From looking at the exception trace-back, it seems that ee has sub-class of requests based on the similarity of the trace-back signature... am I reading this right?   The trace-back in both cases points towards the same _ssl.c:510 failure - failing on the same filename on the same line?
Is there a way to get more info from the exception?   I'm really at a loss at this point.

A: So it looks like the EE stack is using httplib2 to handle the authentication.  This gives a few options:
In data.py ~ line 700  Override the SSL check (the quick and dirty):
http = httplib2.Http(timeout=(_deadline_ms / 1000.0) or None,
                        disable_ssl_certificate_validation=True)

It looks like you should be able to explicitly direct httplib2 when instantiating the http connection object with:
HTTPLIB_CA_CERTS_PATH = os.environ.get('HTTPLIB_CA_CERTS_PATH')
http = httplib2.Http(timeout=(_deadline_ms / 1000.0) or None,
                     ca_certs=HTTPLIB_CA_CERTS_PATH)

I found this in the ca_certs_locator module, __init__.py.  It is being sourced in the ee.Initialize() method (probably through  something in data.py but I can't back track it.  Regardless, the second option (explicitly passing the ca_certs path) doesn't solve the problem.
I'm rolling with the disable SSL validation, and using only earthengine.google.com endpoint.

A: In more recent versions, the ee.Initialize() method is accepting a http_transport argument, so we no longer need to modify its source code, but rather create it in our own:
_http_transport = httplib2.Http(disable_ssl_certificate_validation=True)
ee.Initialize(credentials, http_transport=_http_transport)

This way you can also control the ca_certs option, but I haven't tried that one.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
9/23/21: One Detroit – Mackinac Policy Conference Highlights
Tonight on One Detroit:
Thursday, 7:00 p.m. ET: One Detroit team Christy McDonald, Stephen Hendersonand Nolan Finley provide their seasoned analysis of the week's proceedings, which centered around such topics as the Future of Work, racial equality, community health and public education.
There will be key segments from McDonald's anchor desk interviews with Roz Brewer, CEO of Walgreens Boots Alliance, and Dr. Paul Elam, chief strategy officer at the Michigan Public Health Institute. And no Mackinac Policy Conference would be complete without hearing from the Governor of Michigan, Gretchen Whitmer, and the Mayor of Detroit, Mike Duggan.
Subscribe to One Detroit's YouTube Channel & Don't miss One Detroit Mondays and Thursdays at 7:30 p.m..
Catch the daily conversations on our website at http://OneDetroitPBS.org, Facebook, Twitter @DPTVOneDetroit, and Instagram @One.Detroit.
Watch One Detroit every Thursday at 7:30pm ET on Detroit Public TV.
PreviousHow President Biden's Federal Vaccine Mandate Could Affect Michigan Directly
Next9/27/21: One Detroit – Satori Shakoor on Detroit Performs / Detroit Chefs / Armando Vega's Salsa Band
Student Reporters Share Their Concerns About School This Year
The History of Detroit's Celebrated Boxing Scene
Solutions Roadshow: Islandview
The problems when talking politics in the workplace
WATCH LIVE: U.S. Ambassador to the UN Linda Thomas-Greenfield joins State Department news briefing
State Department deputy spokesperson Vedant Patel will hold a briefing Wednesday afternoon.


period through June, the latest data available, stood at 3.81%.
The inflation rate ended 2008 at 7.67%, well above the bank's target for that year.
Inflation has slowed down sharply so far this year as the economic contraction contained pressure on prices.
4.5% in a bid to stimulate the country's economy.
With such a low inflation, the central bank may cut its rate further in the near future.
of research at local brokerage Ultrabursatiles.


Heat the pan over a medium heat. Very lightly grease the pan with melted butter. Using a ladle, pour roughly 2 tbsp of batter into the pan and swirl it around so the bottom of the pan is evenly coated. You want to use just enough batter to make a delicate, lacy pancake. Cook the pancake for about 45 secs on one side until golden and then using a palette knife or fish slice, flip the pancake over and cook the other side for about 30 secs until it freckles.


In this article, you'll learn how to minimize secondhand stress while still supporting your teammates and entrepreneur.
I don't know about you, but I've always been the person people confide in at work. Maybe a teammate is ranting about a project or task, or perhaps my entrepreneur calls me stressing out about something else.
I actually don't mind this role, as I get to hear other people's perspectives and stressors at work; more often than not, we can come up with some actionable solutions to improve the situation in the same call.
Not everyone shares my openness to coworker venting. In fact, researchers have confirmed the existence of empathetic stress. When we hear someone getting stressed out, and that person has a close kinship with us, our bodies produce cortisol, also known as the stress hormone. So just listening to someone we like complain, vent or undergo stress is enough for us to physiologically get stressed out.
Disassociate yourself from immediate, knee-jerk reactions and strong emotions based on your teammate's tone of voice. Instead, listen to your teammate to identify the core issues at play.
Resolve concerns and propose solutions.
What would [someone you respect] do?
What would an objective person do in this situation?
Empathetic stress is a real danger, so mitigate it with stress-relieving activities. Make the time to exercise, meditate and get plenty of sleep at night. Exhibit gratefulness. After particularly stressful conversations or workdays, reconnect with what you love about your work.
Set boundaries for energy vampires.
On the finale of the Oprah Winfrey show, Oprah discussed a sign she had hanging up in her makeup room. It said, simply, "Please take responsibility for the energy you bring into this space."
But you don't need a sign to proactively manage your exposure to energy vampires. A simple, "Excuse me, I've got to get back to this project," is often enough to keep them at bay.
If you've just listened to a coworker venting, it's time to take a short break to recenter. Get up from your desk (or wherever this conversation took place) and take a short walk. Ideally, get some fresh air. Chances are good that your emotional energy took a big hit, and you need some time to refuel.
Our job exposes us to empathetic stress all day long. By learning how to react in the most productive fashion, we inhibit this stress but still are available to support our team emotionally.
In practice: Identify the last time your entrepreneur was stressed out and ranted to you. Write down how you would resolve concerns, present new options and react/act afterward to recharge.


text:
Rhodes v. Bell/Opinion of the Court
< Rhodes v. Bell
Rhodes v. Bell
Opinion of the Court by John McLean
690992Rhodes v. Bell — Opinion of the Court
Case Syllabus
Opinion of the Court
43 U.S. 397
A writ of error brings this case before us from the Circuit Court of the District of Columbia.
Moses Bell, the defendant in error, filed a petition in the Circuit Court representing that he was held in slavery by one James Rhodes, of the said county, and prayed that his rights might be inquired into by the court. The defendant pleaded that the said Moses was not free, &c. The jury returned a special verdict, and found 'that previous to the year 1837, the petitioner was the slave of a certain Lawrence Hoff, a resident of Alexandria county, in the District of Columbia; that in the year 1837, the said Hoff, then owning and possessing the petitioner as his slave, in the county of Alexandria aforesaid, whereof he continued to be a resident, did sell and deliver the petitioner to one Little, then being a resident of Washington county, in the district aforesaid, and that the delivery of the petitioner was made to the said Little in Alexandria county aforesaid, and the petitioner was immediately removed by said Little to Washington county aforesaid, to reside and also for sale, whereof said Little was resident; that the said Little shortly afterwards, to wit, about one year or a little more, sold the petitioner to one Keeting, in Washington county, who sold and delivered him to the defendant; that since said sale to said Little, the petitioner has always been kept and held in slavery in the county of Washington aforesaid; that at the time of the sale and delivery of the petitioner as aforesaid by Hoff to Little, the petitioner was more than forty-five years of age, to wit, fifty-four or five years.'
Upon the above facts the Circuit Court held, that the petitioner was entitled to his liberty. To revise this judgment, the writ of error has been prosecuted.
In the second section of the act of the 19th of December, 1791, the state of Maryland declared, 'that all that part of the territory called Columbia, which lies within the limits of this state, shall be, and the same is hereby acknowledged to be for ever ceded and relinquished to the Congress and government of the United States, in full and absolute right and exclusive jurisdiction, as well of soil as of persons residing, or to reside thereon pursuant to the tenor and effect of the eighth section of the first article of the constitution of government of the United States-provided that the jurisdiction of the laws of this state, over the persons and property of individuals residing within the limits of the cession aforesaid, shall not cease or determine until Congress shall, by law, provide for the government thereof, under their jurisdiction, in manner provided by the article in the constitution before recited.'
Previously to the above cession, in 1789, Virginia ceded to the United States, 'ten miles square or any lesser quantity for the purposes aforesaid, as Congress might direct,' with the reservation 'that the jurisdiction of the laws of Virginia over the persons and property of individuals residing within the limits of the cession aforesaid, shall not cease or determine until Congress having accepted the said cession, shall, by law, provide for the government thereof, under their jurisdiction, in manner provided by the article of the Constitution before recited.' This cession was accepted.
By the first section of the act of the 17th of February, 1801, Congress provided, 'that the laws of the state of Virginia, as they now exist, shall be and continue in force in that part of the District of Columbia which was ceded by the said state to the United States, and by them accepted,' &c., 'and that the laws of the state of Maryland as they now exist, shall be and continue in force in that part of the said district which was ceded by it, &c.' The part of the district ceded by Virginia constitutes Alexandria county, and the part ceded by Maryland, constitutes Washington county.
As the laws of Maryland and Virginia have been adopted by the above act of Congress, within the counties respectively ceded, it will be necessary to refer to those laws, so far as they have a bearing in the present case.
By the Maryland statute of November, 1796, 2 Maxcy's Laws, 351, it is declared, 'that it shall not be lawful from and after the passing of this act, to import or bring into this state, by land or water, any negro, mulatto, or other slave, for sale, or to reside within this state; and any person brought into this state as a slave contrary to this act, if a slave before, shall thereupon immediately cease to be the property of the person or persons so importing or bringing such slave within this state and shall be free.'
The exceptions to the above provisions are,
1. Any citizen of the United States who removes to Maryland with a bona fide intention of becoming a citizen, may bring his slaves with him, or bring them within one year afterwards, provided such slaves have been in the United States three years preceding the time of their removal.
2. By the act of 1797, the above privilege is extended to the executors of such persons, dying within one year after removal, &c.
3. Any citizen of Maryland who being seised and possessed of an estate of inheritance in land in any one of the adjoining states, who employed slaves in the cultivation of said land, is at liberty to bring such slaves into the state for his own benefit, but not for sale, provided such slaves had been in one of the adjoining states before the 21st of April, 1783.
4. Slaves acquired by descent, by a citizen of Maryland, may be brought into the state to be employed by the owner, but not for sale.
5. Travellers or sojourners may bring their slaves into the state.
By a law of Virginia passed the 17th of December, 1792, it is declared, 'that no person shall henceforth be slaves within this commonwealth, except such as were so on the 17th of October, 1785, and the descendants of the females of them.' And the second section declares that all 'slaves which shall be brought into this commonwealth and kept therein one whole year together, or so long at different times as shall amount to one year, shall be free. The third section imposes a penalty on any person who shall import slaves into the commonwealth, and also upon any one who shall sell or purchase such slaves. Exception is made of a person who, with a bona fide intention of becoming a citizen of Virginia, removes into the state, and exceptions extend to some other specified cases.
By the seventh section of the act of Congress of the 3d of May, 1802, it is provided, 'that no part of the laws of Virginia or Maryland, declared by an act of Congress, passed the 27th of February, 1801, concerning the District of Columbia, to be in force within said district, shall ever be construed so as to prohibit the owners of slaves to hire them within, or remove them to the said district, in the same way as was practised prior to the passage of the above-recited act.'
Again, by the ninth section of the act of the 24th of June, 1812, Congress provides, 'that it shall be lawful for any inhabitants in either of the said counties (of the district) owning and possessing any slave or slaves therein, to remove the same from one county into the other, and to exercise freely and fully all the rights of property in and over the said slave or slaves therein, which would be exercised over him, her, or them, in the county from whence the removal was made, any thing in any legislative act in force at this time in either of the said counties to the contrary notwithstanding.'
From the foregoing legislative action it will be seen, that the counties of Washington and Alexandria are governed by the laws of the states to which the territories composing them were respectively attached before the cession. This is especially true in regard to the importation and sale of slaves. Neither the act of Congress of 1801, adopting the laws of the respective states, nor the act of 1802 above cited, made any modification of the Virginia or Maryland law in regard to slaves. It was, undoubtedly, the policy of Congress, until the passage of the act of 1812, to preserve the same relation between the counties of the district, on this subject, that existed between the two states.
A slave imported from Virginia to Maryland, not within one of the exceptions named, was free by the Maryland law. And it is not pretended that Bell can be brought within any one of the exceptions. The jury found that Little purchased Bell in Alexandria county, and brought him into Washington to reside and for sale, the purchaser being a resident of Washington county. Now independently of the act of 1812, no one can doubt that this act of the purchaser entitled the petitioner to his freedom. Indeed, he is entitled to it, under the express provision of the Maryland law.
The act of 1812 was designed to enable the owner of slaves in either of the two counties, within the district, to hire or employ them in the other. And this is the full purport of its provision on this subject. It clearly does not authorize a citizen of Washington to go to the county of Alexandria, purchase a slave and bring him to Washington county for any purpose, much less for the purpose of sale, as found by the jury in this case. If this could be done, it would subvert the whole policy of the Maryland law, which was to prevent, except in specified cases, the importation of slaves into the state. And Congress, by adopting the Maryland law, sanctioned its policy.
It is true that the two counties of this district are under the same political organization, and, in a certain sense, constitute one sovereignty. But this can have no effect upon the question under consideration. It depends exclusively upon the laws referred to. No views of policy or of supposed convenience can enter into the decision.
The case of the Bank of Alexandria v. Dyer, 14 Pet., 141, has been relied on by the plaintiff in error, as showing that the counties of Washington and Alexandria, being united under the same government, cannot be considered as foreign to each other.
That was a case where the statute of limitation was pleaded to a suit in Washington county. The plaintiffs replied that they were citizens of Alexandria, &c., to which the defendant demurred. And on this state of the pleading the question was, whether the plaintiffs were beyond seas, within the meaning of the Maryland statute. The court held that they were not; 'that the counties of Washington and Alexandria resemble different counties in the same state; and do not stand towards one another in the relations of distinct and separate governments.'
The words 'beyond seas,' in the Maryland statute, were borrowed from the statute of James 1, ch. 21, and have generally been construed in this country not literally, but as meaning, 'without the jurisdiction of the state.' Now, in reference to this construction, the decision of the court was correct, but it can have no direct bearing upon the question under consideration. That the District of Columbia must be considered as exercising the same general jurisdiction in both counties, is undoubted; but the rights of its citizens are not governed by the same laws. The counties of Washington and Alexandria, excepting the modification made by the act of 1812, are as foreign to each other, as regards the importation of slaves, as are the states of Virginia and Maryland. Such we understand to be the settled doctrine of the Circuit Court of this district. And this is no unsatisfactory evidence of what the law is. An acquiescence of many years in a course of decision involving private rights, should not be changed except upon the clearest ground of error.
There is a provision in the Maryland law prohibiting the owner of a slave from manumitting him, if he be over forty-five years of age; and this is urged by counsel as a reason why the petitioner in this case should not receive his liberty. He is now near sixty years of age; but how his rights are to be affected by a law which restrains the master, is not perceived. He claims to be wrongfully held in servitude, and the court think his claim is founded in law. Now, shall he be kept in servitude because his master, if he were disposed, could not manumit him? The law makes him free without the concurrence of his master. Slaves brought into the state of Maryland, in violation of the law, are declared to be free without reference to their age. And the court cannot affix a condition to the right of freedom, which the law does not authorize. Upon the whole, we are unanimously of opinion, that the judgment of the Circuit Court should be affirmed with costs.
This cause came on to be heard on the transcript of the record from the Circuit Court of the United States for the District of Columbia, holden in and for the county of Washington, and was argued by counsel. On consideration whereof, it is now here ordered and adjudged by this court, that the judgment of the said Circuit Court in this cause be, and the same is hereby affirmed with costs.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).
Retrieved from "https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Rhodes_v._Bell/Opinion_of_the_Court&oldid=7139717"


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Фридек-Містек () — адміністративно-територіальна одиниця в Мораво-Сілезькому краї Чеської Республіки. Адміністративний центр — місто Фридек-Містек. Площа округу — 1 208,49 км², населення становить 213 260 осіб.

До округу входить 72 муніципалітета, з котрих 6 — міста.

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Faith Salie
American Journalist, Writer, Actress, Comedian, Television And Radio Host
Faith Salie is a American American journalist who was born on April 14, 1971 in South Weymouth, Weymouth, Massachusetts, United States. As of 2021, the age of Faith is 51 years. The American journalist has accumulated a solid net worth of $2 million with perseverance and determination.
General Wiki of Faith Salie
South Weymouth, Weymouth, Massachusetts, United States
North Springs High School. M.Phil. in Modern English Literature.
Robert Salie
Gail Salie
Who is Faith Salie? Faith Coley Salie is an American journalist, writer, actress, comedian, television and radio host and Rhodes scholar. She is an Emmy-winning contributor to CBS News Sunday Morning and a regular on NPR's Wait Wait…Don't Tell Me! She is also the author of many books like
faithsalie
Faith Salie Age, Wiki/Biography
Faith Salie was born on April 14, 1971 inside South Weymouth, Weymouth, Massachusetts, United States to Robert Salie(dad) and Gail Salie(mom) along with no one. As of 2021, the age of Faith is 51 years.
How tall is Faith Salie?
Faith Salie is 5 feet 6 inches (1.68m) tall and weighs around 68 Kgs. The eye color is Green and hair color is Brunette.
Faith Salie Net Worth
Faith Salie's net worth is around $2 million with some more assets. The American journalist, writer, actress, comedian, television and radio host has accumulated the wealth with lots of hard work and dedication towards work. However, this is just an estimation, the actual net worth might be more or less than that.
Faith is active on the following social media whose links are active as Who is Faith Salie? Faith Coley Salie is an American journalist, writer, actress, comedian, television and radio host and Rhodes scholar. She is an Emmy-winning contributor to CBS News Sunday Morning and a regular on NPR's Wait Wait…Don't Tell Me! She is also the author of many books like, twitter, imdb, wikipedia, tiktok, and on faithsalie.
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Working in the media world these days is a bit like crossing a rickety bridge. At night. In a thunderstorm. And there are snakes.
OK maybe not snakes, but there is certainly a lot to contend with. We're talking cord-cutters and video pivots, viral content and click-bait headlines, SEO and CPMs and B2B and all sorts of other BS jargon that nobody really cares about. It's a whole lot of craziness and it's terrifying.
That's why we're going to follow the advice of legendary Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen, who demolished his bridges throughout a life spent chasing adventure and education.
At Razed Media, we're going to demolish the bridge of conventional media and leave it behind us, tear it down and find a new way forward. We're not going to chase clicks (though we won't turn them away), we're not going to pivot to video (though it will be a part of what we do) and we're not going to worry about SEO and CPMs and your other favorite acronyms.
We're simply going to tell stories.
Inspiring stories. Educational stories. Entertaining stories. That's our passion and we hope it's yours, too.
We're going to start with sports, then we'll see where it takes us from there. Hopefully you'll like our stories, because then we can make more.
Thank you for coming along on this journey with us.


Jordan Spieth began the final day nine shots adrift of the lead. What subsequently transpired came within the realms of the finest closing round in Augusta history. Spieth briefly tied Reed's lead; the cracking of a tree branch at the last halted the 2015 champion's charge. Spieth's 64 and minus 13 total proved in vain.
Fowler was next to emerge from the pack, with a birdie at the last meaning Reed had no margin for error. Reed feared he had pulled a drive which found the left side of the fairway. A mid iron into two-putt range followed, as did typical celebration. Given what expectancy had come before, the denouement felt like an anticlimax; which is credit to Reed's steeliness under the most intense of pressure. Fowler is worthy of credit for making sure he was outside the scoring hut to congratulate the champion. "I left it all out there, I made him earn it," said Fowler.
Rory McIlroy's bid to complete a grand slam will have to wait for at least another 51 weeks. Just when he needed it most, McIlroy's putter was to prove colder than a December morning in Siberia. His Sunday shortcomings can be linked only to that scenario, with confidence visibly draining from a player who was so in control of his emotions for 54 holes.
The Northern Irishman missed from 4ft for an eagle at the 2nd in what was a jarring indicator of woes to come. McIlroy didn't recover confidence or touch on the greens thereafter; his 74 meant nine under plus a share of fifth with Henrik Stenson, Bubba Watson and Cameron Smith. The 28-year-old McIlroy cut a disconsolate figure when walking from the 72nd green. This one will sting.
Jon Rahm earned fourth at 11 under, with the Spaniard's visible annoyance at that scenario telling in respect of competitive instinct. A major win appears close for Rahm.
Paul Casey, who started day four in the nether regions of the scoring table, briefly flirted with history. The Englishman was nine under par through 15 holes; raising the prospect of equalling the Masters record score of 63. As often transpires in these scenarios, a jab was delivered by reality. Casey bogeyed each of his last two holes for a 65 and aggregate of five under.
"That was fun, wasn't it?" said Casey. "Birdie, birdie, eagle on Amen Corner, I'm going to remember that for a long time.
As this major hurtled towards its end, the fevered anticipation attached to Tiger Woods's involvement felt like an eternity ago. Woods had set a Sunday target of returning to even par on aggregate having started at plus four. He did precisely that before an untimely bogey at the last, with a 69 most notable for a stunning Woods eagle at the 15th. In recognition of that, Woods will take home some crystal goblets as opposed to the Green Jacket, which was never really a viable target. The 42-year-old, typically, was vague on where and when he will next appear in a tournament environment.
"Generally after this tournament I put away the clubs for a while," Woods said. "I usually take three to four weeks off – throughout my entire career – and usually the clubs are put in the closet and I just kind of get away for a while. The run-up to this event is pretty hard and pretty gruelling. I pushed myself pretty hard to get ready.
"So I'll take a little time off, get back in the gym and start working on my body again. I'll get it in good shape and get back at it.
Twelve months ago, Reed didn't even feature on Masters weekend having signed for rounds of 76 and 77. What's the opposite of horses for courses?


U.S. Neon is owned and operated by Mr. Udo Schumacher.
Udo has been successfully working in the Sign Industry since 1983. Producing glasswork for large as well as small Texas sign companies, his workmanship can be seen displayed Nationwide.


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The Presiding Bishop and General Overseer of the Action Chapel International (ACI) Arch Bishop Nicholas Duncan Williams has revealed that there was once an assassination attempt on his life.
The powerful and charismatic man of God failed to mention who were behind the botched plot to kill him and for what reason.
The Archbishop who was named by the New African Magazine one of "The 100 Most Influential Africans" In 2017, in an interview on Metro TV's Good Evening Ghana show Tuesday, disclosed that the Holy Spirit revealed to him what was to befall him a day before the scheduled day for the attack to be carried out.
The Archbishop Duncan-Williams who became the first non-American to lead the prayer for the incoming President and Vice President of the United States during the inauguration added that he escaped the assassination attempt supernaturally.
"I was subjected to all manner of situations even an assassination attempt on my life was made and I escaped supernaturally. I came out of it but the plot was there and the only reason why I escaped it was because the night before we were praying and the Holy Spirit said they are coming for you tomorrow at 8:30 pm and then before 8:30 somebody came and told me that I'm one of those assigned to take your life but I can't do it. These are things I've never talked about so when I'm talking about the culture of Ghanaian and the things that destroy and I'm telling you as a spiritual man that it is a spirit in this country and among Africans which destroys our own and it needs to be confronted and we have to be deliberate about it."
Source: kasapafmonline.com
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Concern over Africa's rising Covid-19 cases
Health Latest Tech World
President Mnangagwa yesterday expressed concern over the surge in Covid-19 infections in Africa which has recorded over 210 000 confirmed cases and 5 000 deaths, emphasising the urgency needed in accessing test kits, and securing medical supplies and equipment to meet the targeted 10 million tests.
He was participating in the virtual meeting of the African Union (AU) Bureau of the Assembly of Heads of State and Government and Chairpersons of AU Regional Economic Communities, chaired by AU chairperson, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa.
President Mnangagwa said Covid-19 continued to impact negatively on Africa's socio-economic landscape.
"Mr Chairman, I wish to express concern over the increased rate of infections on the continent. In that connection, I would like to emphasise the need to expedite the process of accessing diagnostic kits required to meet the target of 10 million tests in the following few months," said President Mnangagwa.
"As a result there is urgent need to secure critical medical supplies and equipment, including personal protection equipment, sanitisers and ventilators."
Reiterating the need to confront Covid-19 as a united front, the President lauded special envoys who had mobilised resources required to secure critical medical supplies, equipment such as personal protection equipment, sanitisers and ventilators to assist the continent in fighting the pestilence and alleviate its impact.
Zimbabwe with 332 active cases, and four deaths, President Mnangagwa said, has executed a raft of swift measures despite limited financial ability to keep the Covid-19 at bay, which has minimised local transmissions.
"The increase in Covid-19 cases witnessed in the past few weeks have been attributed to Zimbabwean citizens returning home from abroad.
"In that regard we have been working around the clock to adequately equip quarantine centres and health facilities at our borders, and in all provinces up to district level," said the President.
Cumulatively, the President revealed, the country has done more than 53 000 tests, and is on level two lockdown aimed at curbing the spread of Covid-19, while at the same time allowing the economy breathing space.
Assuring his colleagues in the African Union that the Government of Zimbabwe "will continue to monitor the situation taking into consideration the World Health Organisation, and the African CDC guidelines" and "benchmarking from the experiences of the region and the continent", President Mnangagwa expressed gratitude to development partners for their resolute support.
"I must at this juncture acknowledge with deep gratitude the positive responses from international corporate partners, the private sector, non-governmental organisations, international and private individuals whose support played an enormous role in complementing Government's efforts to mitigate the threat caused by the coronavirus. Their contributions to assist in ameliorating the situation have been commendable," he said.
Tags Africa Coronavirus Update Coronavirus Covid-19 President Emmerson Mnangagwa
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To see St. Helena Shuttle Maps and Schedules, click here.
The St. Helena Shuttle is an on-demand, door-to-door, transit service within specific areas of the city (See Map for details). Call (707) 963-3007 for same day pick-up. You can also request rides using your smart phone! See the instructions below on how to download the Ride the Vine app. Don't have a smart phone? We have you covered. You can make a ride request from your personal computer as well! Just click HERE. The service also operates on fixed route during the AM and PM on weekdays (please follow link to map/schedule above). Fixed route is free to youth and seniors. Adults must pay 50¢.
Exact fare is required on all buses. All fares are non-refundable. Drivers cannot make change.
Adult passengers can transfer to the VINE at a discounted rate and from the VINE free of charge.
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Abstract: Ageing causes loss of function in tissues and organs, is accompanied by a chronic inflammatory process and affects life- and healthspan. Calorie restriction (CR) is a non-genetic intervention that prevents age-associated diseases and extends longevity in most of the animal models studied so far. CR produces a pleiotropic effect and improves multiple metabolic pathways, generating benefits to the whole organism. Among the effects of CR, modulation of mitochondrial activity and a decrease in oxidative damage are two of the hallmarks. Oxidative damage is reduced by the induction of endogenous antioxidant systems and modulation of the peroxidability index in cell membranes. Mitochondrial activity changes are regulated by inhibition of IGF-1 and Target of Rapamycin (TOR)-dependent activities and activation of AMP-dependent kinase (AMPK) and the sirtuin family of proteins. The activity of PGC-1α and FoxO is regulated by these systems and is involved in mitochondria biogenesis, oxidative metabolism activity and mitochondrial turnover. The use of mimetics and the regulation of common factors have demonstrated that these molecular pathways are essential to explain the effect of CR in the organism. Finally, the anti-inflammatory effect of CR is an interesting emerging factor to be taken into consideration. In the present revision we focus on the general effect of CR and other mimetics in longevity, focusing especially on the cardiovascular system and skeletal muscle.


achieve a general acknowledgement of the contribution and role of LRAs in reaching policy objectives, which is vital in building a strong case for further pursuing decentralisation reforms, and in support of the sustained empowerment of LRAs and targeted resource allocation.
	is committed to delivering on and measuring up to the regard CORLEAP is held in by its partners by showcasing the success and potential of territorial cooperation and by increasing the understanding and visibility of the benefits of EaP policy for citizens.
The launch event of the Peer to Peer initiative took place on 8th March 2018 in Brussels, in the framework of the 4th meeting of CoR – Ukraine Task Force.Shyroke in the Zaporizhzhia Oblast in eastern Ukraine teamed up with Barleben from Saxony-Anhalt in Germany. This was facilitated by the rapporteur, who payed a follow-up visit to Shyroke on 5 April 2018.


BEIJING, May 3 (Reuters) - Smartphone and connected device maker Xiaomi filed for a Hong Kong initial public offering on Thursday, in what is expected to be one of the largest listings by a Chinese tech company in almost four years.
The announcement came as the company posted revenue of 114.62 billion yuan ($18 billion) in 2017, up 67.5 percent against 2016. It also said it made a net loss of 43.89 billion yuan versus a profit of 491.6 million yuan in 2016.


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Court to hear BAT SA tobacco ban challenge on Tuesday
By Genevieve Quintal - 26 June 2020 - 10:48
Cigarettes on sale in the Johannesburg CBD. File image.
Image: Alaister Russell/The Sunday Times
The high court in Cape Town will hear British American Tobacco SA's (BAT) application to have the ban on the sale of tobacco products set aside next week.
The application is expected to be heard on June 30, reports BusinessLIVE.
The ban has been in place since late March when the country entered into a strict lockdown to curb the spread of the coronavirus.
Despite attempts by tobacco companies and manufacturers to lobby for the legal sale of the products, the government has refused to budge on lifting the ban.
For now, level 3 regulations only allow for local production and sales for the export market.
The ban has led to a loss of tax revenue and has boosted illicit cigarette sales. Sars, which is expecting a huge revenue shortfall for 2020/2021, had expected to collect R14.5bn on excise taxes for tobacco over the 12 months.
Coronavirus watch
BAT, supported by Japan Tobacco International (JTI), as well as groups and organisations representing the tobacco value chain countrywide, wants the court to declare the government's regulations prohibiting the sale of tobacco products unconstitutional and invalid, and to have it reviewed and set aside.
In its court papers, BAT detailed the devastating effect of the continued ban on its revenue, and on the national fiscus, which is losing out on billions of rand in excise duties due to the prohibition.
Minister of co-operative governance and traditional affairs Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, in an affidavit to the court on behalf of herself and President Cyril Ramaphosa, defended the ban. The government is adamant that the public-health risks associated with tobacco products during the Covid-19 pandemic outweigh the economic loss, which it claims is not as severe as tobacco companies say.
This is the second court application brought in a bid to have the ban lifted. The first application was brought by the Fair Trade Independent Tobacco Association (Fita), a tobacco lobby group representing smaller cigarette manufacturers, in the high court in Pretoria. The matter was heard in court two weeks ago and judgment has been reserved.
PODCAST | Is cigarette ban turning citizens into criminals?
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President Cyril Ramaphosa announced changes under "advanced level 3" lockdown, however, no mention of tobacco sales or the reopening of parks was made
Cigarettes are not returning to shelves this week, says Fita
The Fair-Trade Independent Tobacco Association (Fita) has debunked a WhatsApp message claiming that cigarettes will be sold from Wednesday.
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Worldwide coronavirus cases cross 8.04 million, death toll at 435,682
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'No intelligible basis for U-turn on tobacco sales': Fita


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I know people on here love a good debate, so here it goes.
Although this is nowhere near my career goals, it seems like a good options to do on top of my current job so I can have some extra cash for things. In college I knew a girl that did work like this, but have not met anyone else who does, or has done it. The pay seems pretty good and I can choose what I want to work on.
Have any of you worked for a writing company like this? I know there people seem to think it's a bad thing but really, it's a job that I feel would provide me with more than I have right now. Plus, I'm seeing it as a way to improve my writing skills (something I know will be helpful in my career).
Should I or should I not take this job? Thougts?


30 July is almost here and all we want to do is encourage every Zimbabwean to go out and vote. Don't leave it to chance, don't let them intimidate you by telling you the result is already determined. Go and perform your civic duty. Build a new Zimbabwe, a better Zimbabwe for all.
7. Bantu - Roll With Me ft. Shungudzo.


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Chrome just added a handy feature to save what you're reading – here's how to use it
Web browsers are stepping up their game right now. New updates are rolling out that add cool features to the mix — making work and play on the internet more enjoyable and productive.
Just take a look at some of the nifty updates we've seen recently. Mozilla Firefox rolled out a new feature to protect your privacy online earlier this year, and others have followed suit. Google Chrome also added new security features to the mix this month — making it easier and safer to browse the web.
And now Google is at it again. A recent update added a secret useful feature to the Chrome browser, and you're going to want to know what it is. Let's check it out.
Google adds secret feature to Chrome
The new Chrome feature is a Read Later tool. It was released as part of the latest version of the Google Chrome browser, v86, which landed in our laps earlier this month.
What's odd about this new tool is it wasn't made public prior to rollout, and most people still aren't aware it exists. This Read Later function is actually really useful, though.
As you may have guessed by the name, Read Later is handy for times when you want to save a tab and read it later — but you don't want to bookmark the website. It works a lot like that old "Set Aside" function from Microsoft Edge, which was an awesome feature for Edge users.
The interesting thing about this tool is it's not enabled by default. So not only was it a quiet addition to Chrome, but it's also not something you'd know how to use without help.
Related: Chrome feature is enough to make you switch browsers
How to use Read Later tool
If you want to use Read Later, you'll have to enable it by activating a Chrome flag. Luckily, that's super easy to do.
The first thing you need to do is check to make sure you're using the latest version of Chrome. To do this, you'll open Chrome and click on the Menu icon in the upper right corner of the screen. From there, you'll click on Help, and then About Google Chrome. That will give you the Chrome browser version you're using.
You want to be updated to the v86 version of Chrome. If you aren't, you'll need to update your browser before taking the steps below.
Once you're on v86, open your Chrome browser and type chrome://flags/#read-later into the address bar. Hit enter and a menu will pop up.
You'll see a drop-down menu next to a highlighted "Read Later" flag and description. Click the drop-down menu and then select "Enabled."
You'll need to relaunch your browser after you do this. Once you relaunch, you'll have full functionality of the Read Later feature via the right-click menu in Chrome. Note: This also works with your mobile browser, which is what we used for screenshots below.
Once the function is enabled, you can add pages to the Read Later list by right-clicking and selecting the Read Tab Later option from the drop-down list. This will close the tab you're saving and add the tab link to the bookmarks folder called "Reading list."
When you want to read the saved tab, just toggle to your Reading List and select it.
It's that simple. Now go forth and save those tabs — it's a lot easier than leaving them open for later.


Bāruipur (West Bengal, South 24 Paraganas, India) is located in IST (Asia/Kolkata) time zone. Difference to Greenwich mean time in hours: GMT+5:30. Current local time in Bāruipur is: 2:00 am Friday, April 26, 2019 [info].


This blog is for higher education online course designers and builders, whether they be professors, educational technologists or instructional designers. It is dedicated to creating essential bridges between learning management systems and other online environments. These bridges are essential to make participation, resource sharing, and community-building as meaningful and effective as it can be.


The 2016-2017 national  budget has finally been presented to the Commonwealth of Dominican Parliament for scrutiny, discussion and approval. Much to our dismay, after having reviewed that which the Prime Minister and Minister of Finance, the Honourable Roosvelt Skeritt has proposed, we in the People's Party of Dominica find ourselves in a quagmire. The 2016/17 budget of the Commonwealth of Dominica fails to address the meaningful purposes of a budget and leaves much to be desired.
While the reader gets an understanding as to the basic formulation and budgetary processes from which estimates have been derived, it falls short in following up on results from such formulation and procedural processes.
The purpose of a budget is to establish a framework as to how the entity, government or corporate, might perform given the implementation of certain strategies, the occurrence of events (planned or unplanned), and alterations to the budget procedure itself. It relies on decision-making tools, and addresses concerns like, whether or not it would be necessary and cost-effective to execute proposed courses of action; whether or not actual expended line items can be subject to further appropriation; and whether or not allocated revenue can be shifted from an over-performing to an under- performing sector.
While the 2016-2017 budget does offer brief time-series variance analysis, more could have been done in that area. For the more in-depth, data-craving audience, the lacklustre of econometric data renders the 2016-2017 budget simplistic and vague. Vague because for example, we still do not know the exact formula for calculating gross domestic product (GDP) and how GDP variances are dealt with, from an economic impact point of view. An appendix of statistical tables at the end could have been inserted, which allows for source data/reporting comparisons, and for further research.
The 2016-2017 budget suffers from clarity in terms of fiscal policy objectives and a succinct statement thereof. For example, it lacks pro-forma analysis on courses of fiscal action which may have to be undertaken in the event of contingencies. To explain further, it may be necessary to manipulate taxes in order to offset the negative consequences of unforeseen events or to adjust revenue-deficit producing programs.
The Prime Minister has made a clear statement on the position of new taxes. A statement to the effect that "there are no new planned taxes" may have been more sound, with allusions to worst-case economic scenarios where taxes may have to be raised and/or new taxes legislated. Another fiscal policy example would be the implementation of a government-run scheme to boost productivity and thus demand in a key economic area, where private investment alone would be inefficient. Such fiscal policy data would enhance the reality of the budget and would add credibility in terms of the fruition of a worst-case scenario.
and accountability, to be assured via and through the budgetary process. Property taxation is another case in point; some budgets have stated amounts raised from property taxes, while others do not.
While we can all agree that the national debt is impeding the progress of Dominica (some $14,600 owed per citizen), two key contributors to GDP, agriculture and the Citizen-By-Investment (CBI) programme, are conspicuous because of the way they are managed. The agricultural sector is in dire need of funding and restructuring, and is virtually dead because of this government's policies.
The CBI programme is suffering from a lack of transparent and accountable management, thereby subjecting it to much distrust and suspicion. The programme enjoys significant promotion in places far removed from Dominica, thus making scrutiny difficult. Though persons seem to by 'investing' in citizenship, a dearth of tangible evidence exists on the ground.
This year, some 8.10% of the capital budget is being allocated to agriculture. This, despite the fact that farmers suffered hundreds of million of dollars in losses to damage due to Erika, and despite the fact that farmers were already complaining pre- Erika, about feeder road conditions, crop disease, and a deteriorating market for overseas goods. This also, despite the fact that agriculture once moulded the Dominican economy into one of the most resilient in the Caribbean.
$1.3 million more than we did, even though agriculture contributed to 29% less of their economy than ours. Grenada allocated some $42.2 million, almost double, for an agricultural output per GDP about the same as ours. For fiscal 2016/2017, St.
Lucia plans to utilize over $87 million to satisfy agriculture-related capital expenditure programmes. We believe that the government should take agriculture much more seriously, in light of the fact that Dominica has some of the richest soil in the Caribbean, an inheritance that cannot go wasted.
We have already written about the enigmatic Citizen-By-Investment programme, arcane in the sense that the depth and whereabouts of record keeping from its inception is not known to the general public. Up to fiscal year 2011/2012, we have relied on government audited statements to give us a close to true understanding as to the actual amounts collected under the programme.
We have encountered ludicrous variances in CBI revenue reporting year-to-year, from 2009 to past fiscal year 2015/2016. This could either stem from an exceptionally wild unpredictable passport market, and/or an ignominious, callous method of accounting; the likes which would have made Kenneth Lay and Jeffrey Skilling blush. There is also a question as to why the Director of Audit's Report has not been read to the Parliament for a few years now, despite the legal requirement for this presentation to be made annually. This audit reporting delay deprives the tax-paying Dominican of much needed updates on the true economic state-of-affairs. The Dominican public is entitled to a thorough report on the reviewing, verifiability, and accountability on the state of the CBI programme.
The inflows of the CBI programme for fiscal year 2015/2016 amounted to $279,800,000.00. According to budgetary statements, moneys from the programme are deposited and maintained from two banks, the National Bank of Dominica (NBD) and the Royal Bank of Canada (RBC). Based on this statement, we find ourselves in a curious position to want to know firstly, how long have these accounts been established and secondly, we request a complete breakdown of transactions from inception till current.
The Minister of Finance summarized the revenue and expenditure of the CBI scheme. However, we either missed something or the table is incomplete. Actual expenditure (project and operations) came to $99,047,300. This amount is being reported as transferred to the Consolidated Fund, as accounted for by prevailing constitutional law. Of the remainder, $180,752,700.00, fees and other miscellaneous expenses are reported to be deducted to the tune of $33,975,136.80.
Now unless we have completely skipped out on new financial laws passed in parliament, the final remaining amount, or some $146.7 million should also be subject to consolidated fund accounting. We cannot find an explanation for the handling of the final remaining amount. Is there another system of government accounting off limits or opaque to public scrutiny? We would like complete and exhausted details, as to why this amount of $146.7 million does not appear in the accounting figures related to the Consolidated Fund! This requires much further scrutiny!!
In conclusion, more could have been done to deliver a more qualitative aspect to this year's budget. As a slight deviation from traditional budget-based accounting, elements of performance-based budgeting could have been introduced. In doing so mission statements, goals, and objectives would have to be introduced, explaining more comprehensively where money will be spent and why. Resources then could be allocated to achieve specific objectives based on program goals and desired results.
The national budget of the Commonwealth of Dominica does have some way to go before being taken seriously in the international community.
Clever Bunch. Everything I've read thus far from this new party has simply made sense and sounds like they are really for the people. I am thinking more and more they are genuine and have the competence we need here in Dominica. While we only have had two names mentioned so far, I believe this team is bigger and better than most would like to think. We indeed need change in Dominica, this party may very well be it. I am hopeful. Great analysis and brave move even entering into the political arena.
Finally I feel there's hope for an opposition that can compete. I welcome the new perspective and blood. You have my vote. Focus and keep up the good work. Rome wasn't built in a day.
Who the hell are this people's party no one told me about that lots, anyway good luck to all i surely did not see you guys coming.
Some one just advice me silver fox, them people are the same Salop so called Workers Party lots hiding behind the smoke screen but we will on their hills.
You have chosen to display your knowledge of economics in a most pedantic manner and allowed your political rhetoric to range over a small island budget with international zeal. The national budget is a compendium of estimates based on a perception of needs and expectations, itemized as forecasted by the various departments of state. This is a financial instrument in the main, modifiable through discussion and debate in the House. You claim to be a political party, yet fail to make distinction between economic planning and fiscal responsibility. Good Luck!
Stop hiding come and let the people know who yor are. As Obana said its not an easy job be head of a country.
Honestly , I don't know we should take this U.S. based Peoples Party serious since the logo they are using is the same as the Italian luxury car Maserati. May be that is another Skrit trick to divide the opposition? Seriously, don't now what to make of it.
PPOD is a joke . That being said, their aim to discuss the budget is a step in the right direction. Maybe if they launched, their party could be seen as somewhat relevant. Honestly, everyone should realize that they and the DLP are two rotten peas in a pod.
Hmmm… All you did was criticize the government's budget. I thought that as an alternative choice in governance you would have presented a recommended budget allocation (based on the information available to you), so that we could see your demonstration of good stewardship. My question to you is, what is your recommended/alternative/comparison budget?
We are our own enemies. We keep saying we need a better opposition, near all the comments are worried as to who these people are rather than challenge the points being made. Am so sorry for us as a people.
I am in agreement with the analysis made. I find it to be very objective and realistic. It is not all that different from what the opposition argued in their rebutals.. The disturbing thing for me was the fact that the invited guest some of whom we know are aware of the stagnation in the economy and the fact that the budget does not address any innovative ways to grow the economy in a sustainable way these same people who know otherwise gives the Prime Minister a standing ovation at the end of his presentation. I said to myself what high class hypocrisy.
Do we need another political party,no Whoever you are,it's not a good idea to come fragment the and divide the political divide unless you all are taking away the support of the death lame pests. I think you all should join in the movement with the already established patriots in removing the illegal rogues posing as government with a prime mistake as the leadass!!!
This is like throwing a needle in a hot bowl of soup. We have Aliens in Dominica and some uwp ready to vote them in. First of all, their trial balance won't balance, so where do they go from there.
A joke that man? So they expect me to read that? lol. These people are jokers. They should rename themselves as the Circus Phantom Party.
Boss what are you on? This long long response of yours is pure ACADEMIC, you write as if the Public Funds are some sort of Private entity. Look carefully and you will observe each line Ministries are given an allocation for the year… Government deals with what is referred to as MERIT GOODS and i know you know that. So all your advise posted on here is BULL CRAP!!!!!
I keep saying you because 'The Peoples Party of Dominica' is only one person and that is the one who writes all these crap on DNO!!!!!
Keep it up. Folks need to see better.
P-Pod, they are like peas in a pod, hiding from us.
Great response to budget maybe Under Water Party should learn a thing or two. I am really liking these "Phantoms". They have got my vote already!
Just call yourselves UWP and finish with that!
Who are the Hell are you ALL(People's Party Of Dominica)? Stop hiding and make known yourselves to the Dominican public…Are you PHANTOMS? Dominica is not governed by remote control. Come out from your cocoons and show your faces.


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With tears and resolve, immigrants vow to keep fighting
NEW YORK (AP) — After learning the Supreme Court deadlocked on an immigration plan that would protect her from being deported, Marta Gualotuna could barely speak through her tears.
"This decision is very, very painful for me," Gualotuna, 57, said in Spanish through a translator. The Ecuadorian immigrant had hoped the court would uphold President Barack Obama's 2014 executive order, which was designed to reduce the threat of deportation for certain immigrants living in the U.S. illegally.
Despite her sadness, Gualotuna, a New York City resident who's been in the country for more than 20 years and has three American-born children, was also determined. "The only thing I know is we're going to keep fighting," she said.
It was a sentiment expressed by other immigrants and their advocates Thursday after the high court's deadlock left intact a lower court ruling blocking Obama's order.
"For me, living in the shadows, it's like I don't have a life. I'm like nobody. I feel like nobody," said Betty Jaspeado, a mother of three in Los Angeles.
The Mexican immigrant described her working life in the United States as one devoid of hope, one where she constantly watched her back in fear of deportation. The possibility of protection offered by Obama had given her something to hold onto.
"I was thinking I could feel human again," Jaspeado said.
In November 2014, Obama proposed Deferred Action for Parents of Americans and Lawful Permanent Residents, or DAPA, and he expanded the 2012 Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, or DACA, to effectively shield up to 4 million immigrants. His executive orders to this effect were put forth in a political climate where the chances for a legislative overhaul of the nation's broken immigration system were remote at best.
But 26 states filed suit against those orders, and a divided Supreme Court had no definitive answer. Stuck in the middle were people like the parents of Giselle Gasca, 22, of Fresno, California.
Gasca said her parents, whose names she did not reveal, were eligible for DAPA through her sister, a U.S. citizen. She had hoped they would get a chance to experience the opportunities she has been able to get through the original DACA program, such as the ability to travel outside the United States with the right permits. The travel limitations, Gasca said, prevented her mother from returning to Mexico to visit her own parents.
"That's something that my mom was hoping for, and I was hoping for her," Gasca said. "When her dad passed in 2009, she wasn't able to go back to Mexico and say her final goodbyes."
Obama said the ruling was "heartbreaking." He tried to offer assurances, saying his administration's priorities for deportations would continue to be new arrivals and those with criminal records.
"As long as you have not committed a crime, our limited immigration enforcement resources are not focused on you," Obama said.
That wasn't reassuring to many immigrants and their advocates, who have long criticized Obama for tightening enforcement of current laws at the border. Many of them call him the "deporter in chief," and some didn't waste any time making their unhappiness known.
In Phoenix on Thursday, more than 60 people blocked a major thoroughfare outside the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement building, carrying signs in sweltering heat and chanting in Spanish and English. Protester Eduardo Sainz, of the nonprofit advocacy group Mi Familia Vota, said the Supreme Court's deadlock brought tears to his eyes.
"This is a demonstration to show our community members that they're not alone and to also show our elected officials that we will hold them accountable. And that we will explore all the different scenarios that we have to do in order to move our agenda forward," Sainz said.
Meanwhile in North Carolina, Latino activists blamed Gov. Pat McCrory for joining the federal lawsuit that blocked a program to shield some immigrants. A few dozen people rallied outside the executive mansion in Raleigh Thursday evening chanting "sin papeles, sin miedo" - no papers, no fear - and "McCrory, escucha, estamos en la lucha" - McCrory, listen, we're fighting.
"We're going to keep pushing and fighting and going forward," said Carmen Rodriguez, a DAPA eligible parent from Raleigh, who has three sons who are U.S. citizens. "We're going to work to make sure Latino voters come out like never before."
The outcome puts even more pressure on the result of the presidential election. Democrat Hillary Clinton has spoken out in support of the executive actions, while Republican Donald Trump has spoken of his intention to build a border wall and deport all 11 million immigrants in the country illegally.
Immigrants plan to be part of the election process, said Javier Valdes, co-executive director of Make the Road New York, an advocacy organization.
"We're going to be fighting this until we get the outcome we want," Valdes said, pointing to efforts to influence those who can vote. "We want to punish those that came after us," he said.
Alejandro Mendiaz-Rivera, 26, a graduate student at the University of New Mexico, said the court's action may spark more Latinos to vote in November.
"I think that might be the only silver lining in this ruling," Mendiaz-Rivera said. "Those of us (who) are undocumented ... can't vote. But we sure as heck can encourage our friends and family who are citizens to go vote."
Associated Press writers Janie Har in San Francisco; Astrid Galvan in Tucson, Arizona; Anna Gronewold in Raleigh, North Carolina and Russell Contreras in Albuquerque, New Mexico, contributed to this report.


Thanks to everyone who participated in JSIG this year!
JSIG, the Java Special Interest Group is a SIG in the ACM here at USU. We will be meeting a few times a month to learn more about Java. If you are interested in knowing more about Java, or learning Java, come join us! At our kick-off meeting, we formed a plan of what we wanted to cover this semester. Below are some of the topics that we will hopefully cover, bold indicates topics that we've already discussed.
I know our list was longer than this, but I don't know where I put my notes from the meeting. If you guys can think of anything else that we talked about, feel free to add it to the list. Hopefully I'll find my list though.


Visitor Asks: Why is everything about the youth? What about those women that are encouraged to study further, if after that we are not going to give them chance? Because when I am listening I just hear about youth or work experience. Where must they go and get experience?
Editors Respond: Your first question is a very important one. I see you are writing from South Africa, but sometimes I feel the same way here in the United States.
Of course there are some important reasons to focus on youth. They do not resist change quite as much as we older folk. They have energy and enthusiasm. If the energy is misguided, they are the trouble-makers. So we are correct to have a lot of youth activities to channel their lively minds and bodies productively.
Also in Africa and some other places across the world, youth make up a very significant proportion of the population.
But as you are suggesting, adults also are capable of growth and change. It is so encouraging to see the education and economic progress of women becoming more of a priority around the world. But if education is seen as the key to economic development, you are correct in thinking that a society must create pathways for newly educated adults to contribute to the economy.
I can't presume to tell you exactly how to solve this problem. Students graduating from universities in the U.S. also face the problem of lack of the work experience that is required for many jobs. For many groups that need extra help toward empowerment, we find that the solution is becoming an owner of a very small business. That is just one suggestion for helping women gain experience.
1. What do the women themselves think? How can their interests and life experiences plus their new level of literacy contribute to a more economically sustainable future for their families and their regions?
2. Where do the men who are community leaders think that women can or should contribute? If the answer to this question is significantly different from the answer to question 1, it is important to set up some dialogue sessions to reach greater mutual understanding. We do not want the men to begin actively (or more actively) opposing a greater economic development role for women.
3. How can traditional roles for women in your society be enhanced and made more economically productive? To the extent that individual women enjoy working with children, cooking, growing food, and making jewelry or clothing, the community should make an effort to help those women figure out and develop a market for the products of this work.
Of course, in some corners of the world, the women are the warriors, so please understand we are just using these as examples.
In Africa the market (here I mean a system connecting traders or buyers with sellers, not a place) might consist of trading with neighboring villages at first. In the U.S., Canada, and Europe, women should take full advantage of advice and assistance from state and local governments and from universities to figure out how to turn traditional strengths into new economic possibilities.
For long-term success in helping women, it is best to provide a wide variety of choices and projects. Women are often especially resourceful about organizing people into cooperative working groups. That skill is very valuable in economic development. But some women will want to take on work traditionally assigned to or reserved for men. When that happens, it is wise to expect some men will try to hold on to all their power. Women will need to help each other, and to respect one another's choices.
So while it is important not to neglect the youth, it is also vital to develop new opportunities for women to contribute to economic progress. We agree that we should support adult women as they take on new projects and roles as they become educated.
We also agree that over-emphasizing youth programs means that we really are saying that adults cannot learn, change, and grow.
Join in and write your own page! It's easy to do. How? Simply click here to return to Economic Development Issues.


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Photo Friday: Bushfires in Australia Blanket New Zealand Glaciers in Soot
13 December 2019, by Zoe Klobus
Smoke and dust from bushfires in Australia have crossed the Tasman Sea and settled on glaciers in New Zealand. This coating of ash threatens New Zealand's glaciers by increasing melting. It also highlights the severity of Australia's bushfires.
Why Lake Superior Is Rising and What That Means for the City of Duluth
12 December 2019, by Audrey Ramming
As a climate threat, sea level rise has been well-documented. However, it's rising lake levels, linked to the warming climate, that may be threatening the shores of Duluth, Minnesota, a city recognized for its climate-safe attributes and that is being advertised as a safe haven for climate refugees.
Video of the Week: How do we Keep the Paris Agreement on Track by COP26?
11 December 2019, by Elza Bouhassira
The Video of the Week highlights what needs to be done between now and COP26 to keep the Paris Agreement on track to meet its goals.
Airport Construction Threatens Andean Environments and Cultural Monuments
10 December 2019, by Grennan Milliken
Construction of a mountain airport has landed the Sacred Valley of the Incas in Peru—a world heritage site—on the World Monument Fund's "Watch List." Archaeologists, environmentalists, and social activists worry that greater access to the region will lead to unrestrained tourism, putting ancient sites, traditional ways of living, and fragile environments at risk.
Roundup: Global Glacier Monitoring, Tourism and Public Management in Kenai Fjords, and the Development of an Austrian Glacier
9 December 2019, by GlacierHub
In this week's roundup read about a new study analyzing strengths and weaknesses of glacier monitoring systems, a study on tourism and public management at Kenai Fjords, and the development of a glacier at an Austrian ski resort.
Photo Friday: Alaska's Sheridan Glacier––via Operation IceBridge
A stunning image of Sheridan Glacier in southeast Alaska from Operation Ice Bridge, which after a decade of airborne ice observations, has been replaced by a new satellite.
Study Analyzes Strengths and Weaknesses of Glacier Monitoring Systems Around the World
5 December 2019, by Elza Bouhassira
Glacier monitoring programs are essential to the national and global climate policy-making process. A recent study assessed the status of glacier monitoring programs around the world.
Video of the Week: AWS Installation on Yala Glacier
This week's Video of the Week features a short clip of researchers installing an automatic weather station on Yala Glacier in Nepal.
Large storage potential in future ice-free glacier basins
Glaciologists at ETH Zurich and WSL assessed the global water storage and hydropower potential that could be freed up in future as glaciers melt in response to climate change.
Roundup: New Carbon Sink Discovery, Himalaya GLOFs, and Invasive Plants in Antarctica
In this week's Roundup read about a new carbon sink discovered––proglacial freshwaters, a National Geographic feature on GLOF risk in the Himalaya, and an invasive plant species has taken root in Antarctica's glacier forelands.
Photo Friday: Glaciers of the McMurdo Dry Valleys
29 November 2019, by GlacierHub
The McMurdo dry valleys are one of the world's most extreme deserts. The region is also home to eleven named glaciers. The Suess, Canada, and Commonwealth Glaciers are shared this Photo Friday.
Video of the Week: Study Examines Melting of Greenland
27 November 2019, by Elza Bouhassira
Greenland's melting could cause 27cm of sea level rise by 2100. Researchers are working on a 4 year study to better understand the rate of melting of Heheim, one of Greenland's largest outlet glaciers.