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Directing In A Limited Series Or A Special
Supporting Actor In A Limited Series Or A Special
Supporting Actress In A Limited Series Or A Special
Writing In A Limited Series Or A Special
Lead Actress In A Limited Series Or A Special
Lead Actor In A Limited Series Or A Special
Music Composition For A Limited Series Or A Special (Dramatic Underscore)
Individual Achievement - Animated Programming
Art Direction For A Limited Series Or A Special
Individual Achievement - Special Sound Achievement
Cinematography For A Limited Series Or A Special
Costume Design For A Limited Series Or A Special
Individual Achievement - Costumers
Film Editing For A Limited Series Or A Special
Film Editing For A Series
Video Tape Editing For A Limited Series
Video Tape Editing For A Series
Film Sound Editing For A Limited Series Or A Special
Film Sound Editing For A Series
Film Sound Mixing For A Limited Series Or A Special
Film Sound Mixing For A Series
Live And Tape Sound Mixing And Sound Effects For A Limited Series Or A Special
Live And Tape Sound Mixing And Sound Effects For A Series
Individual Achievement - Classical Music/Dance Programming
Individual Achievement - Graphic Design And Title Sequences
Individual Achievement - Informational Programming
Individual Achievement - Special Visual Effects
Lighting Direction (Electronic) For A Limited Series Or A Special
Lighting Direction (Electronic) For A Series
Technical Direction/Camerawork/Video
Technical Direction/Camerawork/Video For A Limited Series Or A Special
OUTSTANDING FILM SOUND MIXING FOR A LIMITED SERIES or a special - 1984
A Streetcar Named Desire An ABC Theatre Presentati
William L. McCaughey
Mel Metcalfe
Terry Porter
Richard Raguse
Flight #90: Disaster on the Potomac
Don Minkler
William Randall
R. William A. Thiederman
Kenny Rogers as "The Gambler"-The Adventure Contin
Gordon L. Day
Keith A. Wester
Stan Wetzel
Howard Wilmarth
The Day After An ABC Theatre Presentation
Gary Bourgeois
Robert L. Harman
Charles T. Knight
The Dollmaker An ABC Theatre Presentation
Chris Carpenter


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Learn Miaodao
Xing Yi Quan is powerful and effective martial art with origins tracing back to the last days of the Ming Dynasty (around 1644). The art was developed by Ji Long Feng (aka. Ji Ji Ke) who had been a solider in the armies of the Ming Dynasty but found himself without an occupation when the Manchurian Qing Dynasty took control of China.
Ji is said to have wandered widely, developing his martial skills, the legend has it that at Zongnan Mountain, near to present day Xian, he inherited the tradition of the famous Song Dynasty General Yue Fei. Whether this story is true or not is a matter of opinion but Ji still went on to develop what was to become today's martial art of Xing Yi Quan.
He first taught Ma Xue Li in Henan Province who would go on to call the art Xin Yi Liu He Quan (Spirit, Intention, Six Harmonies Boxing) this art was preserved especially in the Muslim communities of Henan and later would expand out to other areas such as Shanghai.
The Dai Family of Shanxi Province were taught martial arts either by a former government official named Cao Ji Wu who may have studied under Ji Long Feng, or from students of Ma Xue Li. The Dai Family mixed the Xin Yi Lui He with their own martial art (thought to be some kind of Mantis boxing) and other practices which may have come from a local man skilled in martial arts, calligraphy and painting named Yu Shan. The Dai Family developed their own interpretation of the art and called it Dai Family Xin Yi Quan.
In the early 1800s a man named Li Neng Ran (aka. Li Luo Neng) came to Shanxi province and discovered the martial arts of the Dai Family. He went on to learn Xin Yi from the Dai Family and he further developed it, taking it with him on his travels to Hebei Province. At that time, the terms Xin and Xing were used interchangeably, but over time the name Xing Yi Quan (Shape/Character Intention Boxing) came to be used for those that derived their martial arts from Li Neng Ran both in Shanxi province and Hebei, and then later further afield.
Xing Yi in all its forms has a reputation for being a direct and powerful martial art which can be used practically. It historically was associated with weapons and especially with the use of the Da Qiang (Big Spear), which lends itself to strong and forceful offensive techniques. Through the 1800s, Xing Yi became an art sought out by those in Northern China wanting to make their name as martial artists, prize fighters, bodyguards, armed escorts for caravans, local militia men (called Braves) and at times by rebels and bandits. Many of the famous names of Xing Yi were employed as Biaoju - armed caravan escorts - and earned their reputations for protecting valuable goods across Northern China and beyond.
Today, Xing Yi still retains it's practical aspect and this is something that Xing Yi Academy is proud to preserve, with principles, applications, weapon work and sparring forming the majority of our practice rather than performing flowery forms.
XING YI ACADEMY
PAUL ANDREWS
Paul Andrews is the founder and head instructor of Xing Yi Academy.
Paul grew up near the city of Leeds, West Yorkshire in Northern England (United Kingdom). He was always interested in furthering his understanding of the world around him, from academic studies to sports and art. He began martial arts in his late teens, when a friend at university asked if he would like to go along to a Wing Chun class.
Paul immediately connected to the martial arts and has since been practicing them for over 20 years. He has studied many different arts to greater or lesser extents, but his most complete and continuing study has always been Xing Yi Quan.
Paul's main teacher and mentor is Sifu Damon Smith, who he met in Leeds in the early 2000s. Sifu Smith taught Paul Xing Yi as well as a form of traditional Japanese Kempo (Mishima Kempo based on the Kiado Miwa Ryu style) and introduced him to Tai Ji Quan (Tai Chi Chuan), Choy Lee Fut, Mei Hua Zhuang, Bohiin Barildaan (Mongolian Wresting) and Baji Quan among other arts.
Through Sifu Smith he was introduced to many of his close classmates and training partners. For many years he was part of Sifu Smith's indoor student classes and trained with close friends and fellow Xing Yi students Jon Doveston, Alex Sellars and Dev Jassi. He also cross-trained extensively with kempo instructors trained by Damon Smith, including Sensei Harry Lea and Sensei Phil Marsh of the Kiado Miwa Ryu style of Japanese Kempo. Paul's training partners were at times unrelenting and intense, Sensei Marsh was a close training partner and friend who never held back in sparring and had a particularly practical approach, having honed his martial skills as a doorman and security specialist for many years.
Paul has been part of the Yongquan Martial Arts Association since 2004, again introduced through Sifu Smith. The association is headed by Sifu Raymond Rand (the senior student of Master Lam Kam Chuen) and instructors Donald Kerr and Douglas Robertson. Over the years Paul has trained extensively in Tai Ji Quan and Choy Lee Fut with the Yongquan Association, participating in training days and competitions, practicing forms, push hands, Xing Yi linking sequences, sparring and weapons. Paul is still active in the association and has close connections with Sifu Donald Kerr whom he regularly visits in London to exchange teaching and practice.
In 2011 Paul heard of the European Chinese Swordfighting Tournament in Groningen, The Netherlands. He tried to get some of his friends and training partners to commit to going but in the end got on a ferry and drove across Holland by himself to compete in a tournament with complete strangers trying to smash his head in with heavy wooden swords. In fact, Paul actually knocked out his first opponent with a blow to the head which was heavy enough to go through the padded helmet! Paul eventually reached the quarter final and lost to Marko Khov who would go on to win the tournment, but not without some controversy as Paul actually broke Marko's hickory sword during the bout but he replaced the sword and fought on to victory! Undetered Paul returned the next year and brought his student and friend Alistair Chatterley. Paul reached the semi-final and had to face Alistair, but lost to a well timed thrust! Alistair then went on win the tournament.
It was at the European sword tournaments that Paul met Scott M Rodell. Rodell Laoshi (Laoshi means teacher/instructor) and Paul kept in contact and later Paul would bring him to the UK to teach Tai Ji Sword. Paul continues to train under Rodell Laoshi whenever possible and was named as one of Rodell Laoshi's Apprentice Sword Students.
Paul has also visited and trained in China, in 2016 Paul visited Beijing where he studied intensively in Yi Quan with Yao Cheng Rong, son of the famous Yao Zong Xun, spending six hours almost every day training in zhang zhuang (standing exercises), shi li (force testing), and tui shou (push hands). Through a chance encounter at a local park and outdoor gym Paul also met wrestling coach Wang Tong Qing and spent time training Shuai Jiao (Chinese Wrestling) with him. During a short break in training Paul travelled to Shanghai and met up with Jon Nicklin (a practitioner of Song Style Xing Yi) who took him to a martial arts meeting in Qi Dong city in Jiansu Province. The meeting was in an athletics stadium and many martial artists had travelled from around China to perform martial arts displays. On returning to Shanghai Paul met up with Will Wain-Williams (Monkey Steals Peach YouTube Channel) and they went to visit a local Xin Yi Liu He Master - Tao Guang Wen who demonstrated a little Xin Yi Liu He and discussed martial arts. Whilst in Beijing Paul also briefly visited and met Xing Yi practitioner Byron Jacobs and his teacher Di Guo Yong.
In 2019 Paul returned to China with his friends Jon Nicklin and Will Wain-Williams to visit teachers and practitioners of Xing Yi in Tianjin and Shanxi. Paul arrived in Beijing and after an eventful dash across the city he missed his train to Tianjin! He managed, despite his almost non-existent Chinese language ability to get his ticket transferred and he made it onto a luxurious bullet train to Tianjin. Spending a few days in Tianjin Paul and his friends met with teachers in local parks and saw Tianjin's Hebei Style Xing Yi. They then boarded a less than luxurious sleeper train to Taiyuan in Shanxi, spending the night in a coach for six people in bunkbeds on a noisy and very bumpy slow train into the country. Changing at Taiyuan they travelled to Taigu, a centre for Xing Yi in the mid 1800s where they trained Xing Yi in the still existing Song Family Courtyard, went out to the countryside and met representatives of Che Style Xing Yi before visiting the old Che Yi Zhai training courtyard, travelling to a farm where the old teacher studied Dai Style Xin Yi, and met with more representatives of Dai Style Xing Yi.
Paul's studies have allowed him to experience a great variety and depth in his Xing Yi, seeing all the different styles of Xin Yi and Xing Yi performed first hand, as well as training with world leading teachers in Chinese martial arts and weapons. He has cross trained with extremely capable and experienced martial artists, he has competed against his peers and in tournaments, he has taught classes and workshops for many years. There are few other Xing Yi instructors in the world that have Paul's extensive experience.
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XING YI BODY MECHANICS
Learn how to move from the waist (Dantian and Zhongwan)
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45-year veteran's role to be filled by Will Irving.
Telstra Wholesale group executive Stuart Lee will leave his role at the end of March after almost 45 years with the telco.
Lee first joined the Postmaster-General's Department, a predecessor of Telstra, in 1971 as a cadet engineer. He was promoted to a senior leadership position in 2005, and became the head of its Wholesale division in 2011.
During his nearly 45-year tenure at the telco, Lee has served in more than 20 different roles, including as the group general manager for the NBN transition.
Lee will go on extended long service leave after he works his last day in March. He will be replaced in the role by Telstra Business group managing director Will Irving.
Irving has overseen the telecommunications giant's small and medium business unit since 2011.
He was previously Telstra's group general counsel, where he played a crucial role in both the T3 privatisation and NBN negotiation teams.
Telstra is yet to announce a permanent replacement for Irving as head of Telstra Business.
Telstra chief executive officer Andy Penn thanked Lee for his contribution to the company.
"Telstra Wholesale has substantially improved customer focus under [Lee's] leadership while returning to growth after years of decline. He is widely respected for his courage, values and getting things done," Penn said.
Lee's departure is the latest in a series of management changes at Telstra over recent months, which have included retail boss Karsten Wildberger's October resignation.


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Thomas J. Kibwana
Dr. Hussein Mwinyi vs. Seif Sharif Hamad
Now that it is official that the race for the presidency of Zanzibar will be between Mr. Seif Sharif Hamad of ACT Wazalendo and Dr. Hussein Mwinyi of CCM, I thought it would be fitting to contrast the two candidates vying for the Isles highest public office. It is no secret that I have always favoured Dr. Mwinyi's candidacy during CCM's nomination process and still believe he is a better candidate than his opponent and here are the reasons why.
New School vs. Old School
When the ballots are cast on 25th October, 2020, Dr. Hussein will be a few months shy of his 56th birthday and Mr. Hamad will have just turned 77. This means that before his would be first term is over, Mr. Hamad will be will into his 80s and Dr. Mwinyi while Dr. Mwinyi will just be entering his 60s. This is not ageism but an acknowledgement that the job of the presidency requires a lot of vigorous and strenuous activities which would not be suitable for a gentleman of an advanced age. This is in no relations to any health reasons associated with age but the general understanding that with advanced age the body and mind are no longer suited to handle the rigours of a 24/7 job.
Despite its challenges, the Union between Tanganyika and Zanzibar is one of the most successul political experiments in Africa. It is well documented that many of Africa's founding fathers wanted to get rid of colonial borders and unite African countries as much as possible. However, that reality has been easier said than done. In deed Senegal and Gambia tried to unite and in 1982 formed the Senegambia Confederation. That union only lasted 7 years up to 1989. In deed the trend has been towards division rather than unification as we can see in the example of South Sudan which seceded from Sudan in July 2011. According to Didier Champion, other African countries are likely to split in the coming years such as Somalia (which already has independent territories of Somaliland and Puntland), DRC (very unstable with different regions ripe for secession), and Cameroon (where there seems to be deeply inbedded differences between the Anglofones and Francophones). This is what makes our Union unique and special and it is no secret that Mr. Hamad has never been a fan of the Union and quit frankly cannot be trusted to maintain it. As unfair as it may seem, it is important to point out that Mr. Hamad was chased out of CCM in the late 1980s when he was Chief Minister because of accusations of trying to weaken the Union. Mr. Hamad has not said or done much to dispel those suspicions ever since. While giving his opinions to the Warioba Commission regarding a new Tanzanian consitution, he did point out that he believes that the reason for the Union was Mwl. Nyerere's ambition to colonize Zanzibar (his opinions on the Union can be read through mkr1znz.wordpress.com). He continued to state that Tangayika maliciously took on the role of the Tanzanian government. Mr. Hamad forgets that there a Zanzibaris in the Tanzanian government and infact a Zanzibari is qualified to be president of Tanzania while the same cannot be said about a "Tanganyikan" seeking high office in Zanzibar or employment in the government of Zanzibar. Mr. Hamad conviniently forgets that the two government structure was kept in place to defend Zanzibari interests and that a Tangayikan government was purposely removed so as for it to not dominate Zanzibar due to the difference in size, population amd economy. Dr. Hussein Mwinyi well aware of the history of the Union and the importance of the Union and having served as the minister of defence for Tanzania for the past 11 years is well aware of the importance of maintaining the Union and the sovereignty of the United Republic of Tanzania.
Evolution vs. Revolution
Dr. Hussein Mwinyi has only been in politics for the last 20 years while Mr. Hamad has been in politics for nearly 50 years. Dr. Hussein Mwinyi is just now entering presidential politics while Mr. Hamad has been running unsuccesfully for the presidency since 1995. This unsurmountable desire to be president almost cost Zanzibar its peace in 2010 leading to a highbrid government. This "Saviour" mentality where he believes he is the only man that can lead Zanzibar and Zanzibaris to the "promised land" is outdated and this idealism should be replaced by the logical and realpolitik approach that would be spearheaded by Dr. Hussein Mwinyi. Mr. Hamad is a "revolutionist", a populist and is more suited as an opposition member rather than the head of the government. Dr. Hussein on the other hand is pragmatic and poised to be a breath of fresh air in Zanzibari politics. Under Mwinyi's presidency, I believe, Zanzibar will evolve and transform into a formidable economy, an attractive tourist destination, and a coastal business hub.
Last but not list, I would like to point out that I don't question the character of Mr. Hamad and I believe he is sincere in his beliefs. It is just that his beliefs are wrong and would be dangerous and he would be unreliable if he wins the presidency. I believe Dr. Hussein Mwinyo will be candid, reliable and trustworthy and will executie the duties of the office in a way which is beneficial to ALL Zanzibaris and not just a portion of it.
Thomas J. Kibwana.
More from Thomas J. Kibwana
Political Enthusiast


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How Adrienne Houghton Sharing Her Infertility Journey Empowers…
Photo: Instagram/L-R: Rosa Torres, Maritza Gomez, Yaquelin Hernandez
Culture Lifestyle
Undocumented Latina Entrepreneurs Thrive Despite Their Status
by Virginia Isaad April 23, 2020 July 24, 2020
Rosa Torres is a 23-year-old undocumented sociology student who co-founded Floreria Esperanza with her mom selling custom flower arrangements through Instagram as a creative avenue to make money. Torres was born in Guadalajara, Mexico and came to the U.S. when she was six and is now a student at Calif. State University, San Bernardino and because of her undocumented status she doesn't qualify for aid. It was this reality that set her on a path toward entrepreneurship, paving a way for herself to make money when the traditional path is beyond reach.
https://www.instagram.com/p/B8H_OobD0rl/
Torres is not alone. There are an estimated 10.5 million to 12 million undocumented immigrants living in the U.S. who have to navigate alternative ways to make money without a social security number. Due to the clandestine nature of these jobs, it's difficult to track but some of the common factors include contractor roles and services jobs. Entrepreneurship allows Torres to make money doing something she enjoys while being able to have more control and a direct line to her profits.
Torres is one example of the entrepreneurial spirit that many undocumented immigrants, specifically women, exhibit in Los Angeles. There's an estimated 50-60,000 street vendors selling food and merchandise and many, if not the majority, of these vendors are women immigrants, mostly from Mexico and Central America, according to Victor Narro, project director at UCLA Labor Center.
Narro states that the low-wage service industries that make up 25 percent of the economy are mostly an immigrant workforce. This includes garment, restaurant, house cleaning and domestic work and he emphasizes that it's these jobs that suffer from wage theft.
"In order to uplift and improve the lives of the immigrant workforce, we have to eliminate the prevalent levels of wage and hour violations and improve labor enforcement standards."
These circumstances mean women like Torres are subject to time and energy-consuming jobs that aren't financially viable but the advent of social media has provided her with a different path. Torres lives in Bloomington, an unincorporated town in San Bernardino County, in Southern California (SoCal), a state with roughly more than 2 million undocumented immigrants. She works a full-time job (for safety reasons she can't disclose where) making $11 an hour while managing Floreria Esperanza. She is not a DACA recipient but the program itself is at risk of being terminated by the Trump administration. The current political climate has only added to her fear and those of many undocumented immigrants who are in desperate need of financial security but have limited means to attain it.
"During this time you have to do everything possible to bring in extra money," she tells HipLatina.
Floreria Esperanza launched May 10, 2019, as a way to help pay for her tuition and as an added source of income for her mom. Her mom went to school for about a year to learn about floral arrangements and they launched on Instagram on Mother's Day to capitalize on the holiday. From floral bears to half-chocolate/half-floral gift boxes to the traditional rose bouquet, their creations are all made by hand and sold via the social media platform.
"Such social media platforms have helped me gain new customers by simply sharing a picture or video of my products. The goal that I have for myself is to start selling flowers at farmers markets once I am done with my college degree. I want to start furthering my business in hopes that I can leave behind the job I currently have," she said.
The real dream – the one she would pursue if she had an SSN/authorization to work- is to be a school counselor. "It is heartbreaking and at times I ask myself if I should continue furthering my education. There are always times of self-doubt and the attitude of 'I can't do it, only a US citizen can do it, only they can apply to the country or a government job that I know I have the full potential for, but I am limited."
This need to pivot from pursuing a dream to a more realistic goal is one 39-year-old Martiza Gomez is familiar with. She's the founder of @Folkloricwear and MG Custom Printing, one selling Mexican-inspired folk apparel handmade by her mom and the other providing custom printing as well as Latin-themed mugs. She was nine years old when her family immigrated from Mexico to SoCal where she grew up in Orange County and Riverside County, where she still resides.
Happy Valentine's Day to all of my Chingonas and Chingones. Let's continue to celebrate each other,my triumphs are yours too, maybe not at that moment but you are winning in your own way. Roses are Red, Violets are Blue.I am a Chingona and so are YOU! Stickers are available at mgcustomprinting.com or by clicking on post picture. #mgcustomprinting #chingona #chingonapreneur #mgcp5years #comadres #weallgrow #shoplatinx #molcajetedominguero #stvalentinesday
A post shared by MG Custom Printing, Inc. (@mgcustomprinting) on Feb 14, 2020 at 5:05pm PST
"My status has always been a roadblock, a roadblock that I've been chipping away at for more than 20 years," she told HipLatina. Before owning her own businesses she attended a local community college while working for a shoe store making $30 a day with a nine-hour shift six days a week. She used her wages to pay her way through school and after nine years earned her associate's degree. With the California Dream Act in 2012, she returned to school to study entrepreneurship and created a business plan with the help of a program through the Inland Empire Women's Business Center. For the sellers permit, she used her mom's Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) since she was the registered owner.
For two years she hustled, working a booth at events and doing homework when it got slow while making products during the week, which took time away from her studies. Last year she was able to adjust her status but says that she's glad she didn't wait in order to make a living."Despite my status, I was able to accomplish so much." Today she sits on the board of directors of the National Association of Women's Business Owners- Inland Empire Chapter and is a proud graduate of Calif. State University, San Bernardino.
It is this sense of accomplishment despite the roadblocks that inspired her to create the Instagram account, @Undoculadypreneur, a platform she uses as a source of motivation and information for budding undocumented entrepreneurs. She also speaks on panels about how she has thrived despite her status and encourages others like her to make an effort to similarly give back to the community and be a positive light. Though many undocumented describe life as lived in the shadows, it's women like Gomez that not only give a voice to the voiceless but act as a beacon of hope for younger undocumented generations who feel helpless.
When I started at Cal State San Bernardino in 2014, I never imagined I would be leaving something behind after graduation. This picture hangs right outside one of the entrepreneurship classes in the Jack Brown college of business. When I first walked the halls, I saw pictures of past award winners and said to myself, one day I will be on that wall. This picture represents who I am and it will be a reminder for other students that someone that looks like them walked through the same halls and was able to achieve great things. #undoupreneur #undoculadypreneur #leaveyourmark #educatedchingonapoderosa #chingona #csusb #educatedchingona
A post shared by Maritza (@undoculadypreneur) on Jan 28, 2020 at 7:56am PST
Women like Yaquelin Hernandez, 29, who recently became an entrepreneur with the soft launch of @LaVidaPomPoms in August of 2018 selling handcrafted earrings and accessories. The Los Angeles-based Mexicana had a stable job as a nanny for five years but wanted to pursue a creative venture so she established the company in 2018 and in 2019 she left the nanny job. She now works full time creating earrings (sold via DMs on Instagram) and working as a freelance photographer promoting her vibrant and colorful work on the Instagram account @lavida.dacolores, launched January 2019.
🌈🍓🍇cuando como una concha de @lamonarcabakery 🌈🍓🍇@carlitamorrison inspired me. #fucklamigra pin. 😍
A post shared by @ lavida.dacolores on Jan 29, 2020 at 10:12pm PST
"[The photography] is my main income because it's faster money in a shorter time. They are both growing but I don't think I can choose between them. They both bring different magical things in my life," she tells HipLatina.
She explains that a small business like hers might be viewed as simply a hobby and her lack of business experience or college degree is used against but she doesn't let it get to her saying she "just [has a] high school education and the 'Gana de echarle ganas." Her entrepreneurial education is primarily courtesy of Youtube videos on how to start a business with little or no money.
Some of her best-selling designs are inspired by her roots including the "corazonsito" earrings inspired by a trip to her homeland of Chiapas, Mexico where she realized she too could be an artisan. There's also a rainbow earring inspired by her favorite show, Reading Rainbow which aired on PBS, which she watched growing up after moving to the U.S. when she was just a year old.
I'll have small quantities at the event this Saturday @ittybittycafe. Also if you'd like to purchase I am taking orders. If you have any questions please feel free to DM. I am working on different ones. Otra Vez THANK YOU!! 😭😭❤✨❤
A post shared by @ lavidapompoms on Sep 12, 2019 at 11:56am PDT
"As I started both my businesses little by little they have helped me heal parts of myself," she says. "It's allowed me to see my capabilities, my worth, and meet people. I've met the most amazing folks that with their guidance and feedback have helped me build my confidence and my growth which translates to my work."
All three women are a small sampling of what the immigrant, not just the undocumented immigrant, workforce looks like with a work ethic and determination that are understood to be the cornerstones of the American Dream.
When it comes to discussing immigrant labor with political conservative, Narro tells HipLatina that he always "asks them to show me a more entrepreneurial spirit in this country than immigrants who wake up every morning at 4am to be at public areas and street corners to sell their goods or make their skilled labor available for hire. They go home late in the evening only to wake up again early the next morning."
While there is still a lot of work that needs to be done to improve the circumstances of undocumented immigrant workers, it's women like Gomez, Hernandez, and Torres that are finding a way to fight back instead of succumbing to this difficult reality. It's their courage and ganas that's helped them pave their own path where there seems to be none.
"I've seen so many undocumented businesses thriving and they always tell me to just keep going. The hard part has been done, which was to start," Hernandez says. "The rest is all about just continuing on and to keep living our best life because we are worthy."
How Adrienne Houghton Sharing Her Infertility Journey Empowers Latinas


Drama classes, Singing and dance lessons in Basingstoke.
Theatretrain-Basingstoke Performing Arts School RG24 9UP provides Professional Training for young people.
Theatretrain Performing Arts School offer drama classes, singing classes and dance classes which are fun, build confidence and develop the imagination, classes take place in The Everest Community Academy, Basingstoke.
At Theatretrain Basingstoke we love to perform and provide many opportunities for ALL our pupils to perform in our local, regional and West End shows.
Our classes of drama, singing and dancing are taught in age groups 6-9, 9-12 and 13-18. Children learn a step by step understanding of the performing arts and previous experience isn't necessary.
We have high expectations of our pupils and we ask for energy, enthusiasm and commitment in the work. All our teachers at our School are experienced professionals chosen for their experience and enthusiasm.
For more information on our drama School in Basingstoke and all our classes in please call Jane for further information on: 07901 557 569.
The children are in their own age groups.
They have an hour of dance, an hour of singing and an hour of drama. Each of these classes are taken by different qualified professional teachers. The lessons are fun and there's no undue stress attached to them, children can work at their own pace and within their abilities.
We are currently performing 1 main show a year. We are soon to be performing at Sadlers Wells Theatre in our brand new show 'Now Then' on Saturday 8th September!! Last year we had a local show in Basingstoke, and 2010 saw us perform at the Royal Albert Hall!
All of our children take part in the shows!
experience into childrens' lives. Ability isn't essential - but enthusiam is! We want children to really enjoy their classes. With great performing opportunities they quickly gain their confidence too.
6-9, 9-12 and 13-18 and each group gets 1 hour of Singing, Dance and Drama.
We show our young people how to dance, act and sing in performing arts lessons at centres throughout England and the UK. Creating amazing opportunities for our pupils to perform on stage in local, regional and world famous West End venues.
Stage school brings out the best in students builds confidence, and gives aspiring young entertainers opportunities of a lifetime via our drama classes.


A couple of weeks ago, Indian Motorcycles announced The Wrench: Scout Bobber Build Off Competition, where small-time builders with big-time skills would enter their ideas for a custom Scout build. All the details can be read by following the link below, along with each builder's concept.
Of the 12 semi-finalists, three would be chosen based on the competition's judges' opinions as well as fan voting, to move onto the next round. Well, the people have spoken and the three finalists have been announced. A NASA Engineer, an OSHA Inspector and a Mining Equipment Engineer were selected. Check out what they have planned as well as a little bit about each builder.
MINNEAPOLIS, MN – April 24, 2018 – Indian Motorcycle today announced the three finalists for The Wrench: Scout Bobber Build Off, a custom motorcycle competition that spotlights amateurs who build bikes purely for the love of turning a wrench. A judging panel of professional builders and experts, including Roland Sands, Satya Kraus, Jason Paul Michaels and Hot Bike Editor-in-Chief, Jordan Mastagni along with an online fan vote, selected Alfredo Juarez, PJ Grakauskas and Christian Newman as the top three entrants. The three selected finalists will face off in a custom-build battle for a grand prize of $10,000 and a feature spread in Hot Bike Magazine.


It's almost Summer. You're going to be doing some laying out in your Wayfarers with your trusty Walkman. You're going to be driving around with the windows down and the volume up on your car's cassette player. You're going to want to listen to some rockin' tunes on your jambox. You're going to want to impress a special someone with your musical taste and generosity.
You NEED a good mix tape.
But what to put on it?
A perfect mix tape is a crazy quilt of musical styles. Not all one genre or tempo, yet fitting together nicely into an appreciable pattern. Some sort of theme is nice, I think, but don't be too restrictive. It's enough to pick music that YOU love; that way, your own sparkling personality will shine through. Do be careful to pick a song you won't mind having stuck in your head for the last song.
You'll need a dual cassette jambox and some cassettes of your favorite music so you can record your own tape. If necessary, you can tape a song off the radio, but avoid if possible; the sound quality will be poor, and you have to spend a lot of time hovering by the radio to punch the RECORD button at exactly the right time.
Be sure to take a little time to label your tape neatly, yet creatively. Pick a title that sums of the mood of the tape. Be sure to list all of the songs on in the cassette liner, and embellish with a little personal artwork and the date. If it's a gift, inscribe appropriately. Your mix tape isn't just a convenient way to listen to some of your favorite tunes; it's ART.
Here's my ideal mid-80s summer mix tape: playful, bouncy, and way cool. They're songs that make me want to sing along and smile as I bop my head along to the beat. I can just imagine chilling to this mix while eating a Nestle Crunch Ice Cream Bar, chasing it with a crackling cup of icy Sprite, and letting that hot summer sun shine down.
Hot, Hot, Hot 80s Summer Mix on 8tracks Radio.


A complete copper alloy sestertius of Commodus, AD 180-192; [P M TR P XI/XII IMP VII/VIII COS V P P S C], (FOR RED); Fortuna seated left, holding rudder on globe and cornucopiae; Mint of Rome, c. 186-8. RIC III, pp. 423 & 425, c.f. nos. 493 & 513.


text:
Q: SQL Escaping character for quotation mark I have the following procedure:
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[UpdateAllClients]
    @ClientIDs varchar(max)
AS
BEGIN
    SET NOCOUNT ON
    DECLARE @vSQL varchar(max)
    SET @vSQL = 'UPDATE Clients SET LastOnline=GETDATE() WHERE ClientID IN (' + @ClientIDs  + ')';
    EXEC(@vSQL);
END

The @ClientIDs contains an array of many Client ID's, I want to update another field in the Clients table, so I want the query to look like:
UPDATE Clients SET LastOnline=GETDATE(), Status='Open' WHERE ClientID IN (@ClientIDs)

The problem is that I can put a quotation mark inside the @vSQL variable.
Any clue how can I add the ", Status='Open'" to my query?

A: Use two quotes:
SET @vSQL = 'UPDATE Clients SET LastOnline=GETDATE(), Status=''Open'' WHERE ClientID IN (' + @ClientIDs  + ')';

A: I would suggest passing the client IDs as a table valued parameter, rather than a string. Then you can just write SQL, instead of dynamic SQL.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Q: Why am I getting no reverse match error in django 3.2? I am making a simple todo list application but while adding a delete button, I am receiving the error.
I tried many things searching on internet but couldn't solve the issue, probably because i am new to django.So, your help will be very important.
urls.py(of app):
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns=[
path('',views.home,name='home'),
url('delete/<str:id>', views.delete_data,name='deldata'),
]

views.py:
from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, render,redirect
from todo.models import value
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect

# Create your views here.
from .forms import TitleForm
from django.urls import reverse

def home(request):
   values=value.objects.all()
   form=TitleForm
   if request.method=='POST':
      form=TitleForm(request.POST)
      if form.is_valid():
        form.save()
        return redirect('/')
  else:
      form=TitleForm()
  return render(request,'home.html',{'values':values,'form':form})

 #delete

 def delete_data(request, id ):

    ggwp=value.objects.get(id=id)
    if request.method=="POST":
       ggwp=value.objects.get(id=id)
       ggwp.delete()
       return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('deldata', kwargs={'id':id}))
    context={'ggwp':ggwp}
    return render(request,'/',context)

models.py:
from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class value(models.Model):
   task=models.CharField(max_length=200)
   complete=models.BooleanField(default=False)
   created=models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

   def __str__(self):
       return self.task

home.html(One and only html page):

TO DO LIST

<form method="POST" action="\">
   {% csrf_token %}
   {{form.task}} <input type='submit' name='add' value="add" >
</form>
{% for val in values %}
  {{val}}
  <form action="{% url 'deldata' val.id %}" method="POST" class="in-line">
      {% csrf_token %}
      <input type="submit" value="Delete" >
  </form>

{% endfor %}

traceback:
    raise NoReverseMatch(msg)
 django.urls.exceptions.NoReverseMatch: Reverse for 'deldata' with arguments '(15,)' not
  found. 1 pattern(s) tried: ['delete/<str:id>']
 [05/Oct/2021 22:37:17] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 500 127858

Its my first question, so sorry if I have made any mistakes while writing the question.

A: You are using path(…) [Django-doc] syntax with the url(…) function [Django-doc]. You should work with a path(…) here:
urlpatterns=[
    path('',views.home,name='home'),
    # ↓ path, not url
    path('delete/<str:id>/', views.delete_data,name='deldata'),
]
Normally paths also end with a slash, altough that is not required, it is common.

Note: As of django-3.1, url(…) [Django-doc] is
deprecated in favor of re_path(…) [Django-doc].
Furthermore a new syntax for paths has been introduced with path converters: you
use path(…) [Django-doc] for that.


Description Two beautiful girls in white clothes are laughing near laptop computer outdoors. Lay on the green grass.
Description: Two beautiful girls in white clothes are laughing near laptop computer outdoors. Lay on the green grass.
Image Description: Two beautiful girls in white clothes are laughing near laptop computer outdoors. Lay on the green grass.


text:
Q: Error while translating dataframe using a function I am trying to translate a script i have saved.
I have a series:
transcript
Out[69]:
0                o entraremos project windows en pinyin
1             místico en serio estás en dicho caso allí
2               no hay ningún for cierro forzar nada en
3                                 sí cinco interior del
4                                   fausto ruina en mon

159                                   soc gracias señor
160    seguro de estar bien okay hasta la edad arias ...
161                                           la voz no
162    tal vez no saben la intención que no comen no ...
163                                         cuál de los

type(transcript)
Out[66]: pandas.core.series.Series

I want to be able to translate this
import goslate
gs = goslate.Goslate()

englishtext = []
for trans in transcript():
    transword = gs.translate(trans, 'en')
    englishtext.append(transword)
Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<ipython-input-68-60f24c45c582>", line 2, in <module>
    for trans in transcript():

TypeError: 'Series' object is not callable

Why do I get this error? How do I resolve his?

A: Looks like the error is here: for trans in transcript():, you should remove the parentheses.  The program is trying to call transcript like a function


CENTRAL CITY - Alex "Henry" Anderson, 67 of Central City, died Wednesday, December 5, 2012 at the Muhlenberg Community Hospital in Greenville. He was born September 9, 1945 in Muhlenberg County, was a retired coal miner and a member of the Church of God of Prophecy in Central City. He is preceded in death by his wife, Claudette Anderson, a son, Henry Allan Anderson and his parents, Walter and Loretta Evans Anderson.
Survivors include a daughter, Melissa Anderson(Norman)House of Central City, a son, Christopher Lynn Anderson of Greenville, three grandchildren, Preston Alex Keith House, Bethanie Layne House and Skyleigh Grace House, two step grandchildren, Angelia Marie Franklin and Natasha Nashae Smith, three brothers, Walter(Alice)Anderson of Central City, Bobby Joe(Marilyn)Anderson of Greenville, and Jimmy(Donna)Anderson of Central City and a sister, Becky Sue(Sonny)James of Central City.
Funeral Services will be held Saturday December 8, 3012 at 1:00 PM at Tucker Funeral Home in Central City, conducted by Rev Arnold Harper and David Anderson with burial to follow in the Fairmount Cemetery in Central City. Visitation will be after 5:00 PM Friday and after 8:00 AM Saturday at the funeral home.
The beautiful and interactive Eternal Tribute tells Alex 's life story the way it deserves to be told in words, pictures and video.
Melissa and Family, so sorry for your loss. Praying that God will wrap his arms around you and comfort you in this time of sorrow.
I have known Henry for 53 years (the seventh grade) and he has always been a good friend. We had a lot of laughs together in the old "car lot" days and he was a great Husband and Father. I'm sorry I can't be at the funeral home to express my sympathy to the family due to work obligations (auctions) but always celebrate his zest for life and his love and pride for his family. He will certainly be missed. May God bless and comfort you during this difficult period.
My heart goes out to your family...This man was a dear friend to many...He is going to be so missed..May you each find comfort with God....Met him as a child..He always was a very nice guy...Know he is where he wants to be with his love who he missed so much.
The world has lost a bright light in the passing of Henry. He was one of the kindest, nicest, and most generous people -- always thinking of how he could make the way a little better for others -- always giving, always smiling, always telling a good story or a funny joke! And he was a good photographer -- we came to rely on his work for breaking news at NEWS 25!
My heart goes out to Melissa and all his family. I know you'll miss Henry so much -- as we all will.


text:
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% load party_tags %}
{% load pagination_tags %}
{% load category_tags %}
{% load leaflet_tags %}
{% block content %}

Leaflet category - {{ category.name }}

		{% autopaginate qs 12 %}
		{{ total }} leaflets found, page {{ currentPage }} of {{ totalPages }}

			{% for leaflet in qs %}

                {{ leaflet.title|truncatesmart:"20"}}

			{% endfor %}

		{% paginate %}

				Subscribe to an RSS feed of the latest leaflets

Parties

			{% party_list_by_count %}

Categories

					{% category_list %}

{% endblock %}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Cobitis bilineata, la loche italienne, est une espèce de poissons à nageoires rayonnées de la famille des Cobitidae, rencontrée en Croatie, Italie, Slovénie et Suisse.

Ses habitats naturels sont les rivières intermittentes et les marais d'eau douce. Elle n'est pas considérée comme menacée par l'UICN.

Lien externe

Références

Cobitidae
Statut UICN Préoccupation mineure
Poisson d'eau douce d'Europe

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Home Doctorate in Psychology Ph.D. in Psychology Degree Programs
Ph.D. in Psychology Degree Programs
There are two types of doctorates in the field of psychology: Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in psychology and Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.). A Ph.D. generally prepares students for careers in research or academia, while a Psy.D. is best suited for those who wish to work with patients in a clinical setting.
This page focuses on the Ph.D. You can learn more about the Psy.D. by visiting our Psy.D. degree page.
What Can I Do With a Ph.D. in Psychology?
According to the APA, a Ph.D. is for those interested in "generating new knowledge through scientific research and/or gaining teaching experience." Ph.D.-holders typically go on to pursue careers in research, teaching, or a combination of both. Some become clinical psychologists—although Ph.D. programs emphasize research methods and theory, most also provide the training needed to become licensed as a clinician.
Psychology Ph.D. Careers in Research
The goal of research psychologists is to better understand human behavior—both generally and to address a specific problem (the latter is known as "applied research"). They begin by asking a question—such as "Are bystanders less likely to come to the aid of a victim if there are others present?" To answer that question, they formulate studies, analyze their results, and draw conclusions. (Psychologists John Darley and Bibb Latané actually did research the bystander question, devising an experiment called the "Bystander Apathy Experiment.")
There are a number of methods that researchers use. They might conduct a survey, observe the behavior or people or animals in their natural environment, or analyze existing research. They might work in a lab to conduct controlled experiments, use computer simulations, or perform case studies.
Researchers generally have expertise in a particular subfield and work within that field. Examples include:
Developmental psychology: Focuses on how behavior, thinking, and feelings change throughout the human lifespan
Educational psychology: Studies the way people learn and retain knowledge, particularly in classrooms or other educational settings
Cognitive psychology: Deals with learning, perception, memory, and other critical mental processes
Behavioral psychology: Deals with human actions and the events or stimuli that cause them
Neuropsychology: Focuses on brain behavior and function issues stemming from everything from brain injuries to dementia to developmental delays
Research psychologists might work in government agencies (such as the National Institute of Health), private research organizations, law enforcement agencies, the military, or universities.
Psychology Ph.D. Careers in Academia
Earning a Ph.D. can lead to a career as a postsecondary teacher. These teachers generally also conduct research, working with other faculty and graduate students in their area of expertise.
Other opportunities in academia include positions such as:
University or college administrator: If you pursue a career as an administrator you might oversee student services, faculty member research, or academics at the college or university level.
Department chair: As a department chair you'll serve as the executive leader of your department, advocate for the faculty, promote vision and leadership for the department, and provide a forum for both faculty and students to voice their concerns and opinions.
Clinical Psychology Ph.D. Careers
A clinical Ph.D. trains you in the techniques and methodologies needed for a career producing new scientific research, just like a regular Ph.D. The difference is, you'll complete a clinical specialty with significant training in applied psychology for working directly with patients in clinical settings.
There are a host of specialty career options in this area, such as school psychologist, child psychologist, neuropsychologist, and social psychologist.
Featured Psychology Ph.D. Schools
If you're pursuing a Ph.D. in psychology, you have a wide variety of excellent programs to choose from across the country. The following are just a few of the top programs in the nation. We chose the programs on this list based on our own research with regard to factors such as cost, quality, and program options. Note that all schools listed provide full tuition funding through stipends and fellowships.
University of Minnesota (Minneapolis, Minnesota)
Nearly 48,000 combined graduate and undergraduate students attend the University of Minnesota, the flagship university of the Twin Cities, which serves as the state's land grant public research university. The Department of Psychology, the largest in the College of Liberal Arts, is home to 140 Ph.D. students.
Degree programs: The highly customizable psychology Ph.D. program offers eight areas of specialization: biological psychopathology; clinical science and psychopathology research program; cognitive and brain science; counseling psychology; industrial/organizational psychology; personality, individual differences, and behavioral genetics; quantitative/psychometric methods; and social psychology.
Stanford University (Stanford, California)
The world-renowned Stanford Department of Psychology was honored by the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. One of the first departments formed at Stanford, the psychology program has roots dating back to the 19th century.
Degree programs: The full-time Ph.D. in psychology program offers several different subfields, including affective science, cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, neuroscience, and social psychology. No matter which field you choose, you'll spend the final year of the five-year program working on your dissertation.
University of California, Berkeley (Berkeley, California)
Berkeley's graduate psychology program is designed to produce scholar-researchers equipped to contribute significant independent research to the field. Candidates are encouraged to also take out-of-department courses to supplement their field of study.
Degree programs: The Ph.D. program is organized into six training units, each of which is overseen by department members who focus on that specific unit. The units include behavioral and systems neuroscience, clinical science, cognition, cognitive neuroscience, developmental, and social-personality.
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Chapel Hill, North Carolina)
The Department of Psychology and Neuroscience at UNC-Chapel Hill was founded in 1920 and consistently ranks among the top in the nation. The graduate program prepares students to teach, conduct research, and provide professional and public services at the highest levels in the field of psychology.
Degree programs: Training in the Ph.D. program is offered in six subfields: social psychology, quantitative psychology, developmental psychology, clinical psychology, cognitive psychology, and behavioral and integrative neuroscience.
Yale University (New Haven, Connecticut)
The highly competitive graduate program at Yale accepts only about 15 new Ph.D. students every year. As an applicant, you'll specify which of five labs you'll call home, although the program includes cross-lab collaboration.
Degree programs: The five areas of concentration available in the psychology Ph.D. program are social/personality psychology, neuroscience, developmental psychology, cognitive psychology, and clinical psychology. Each program offers weekly seminars for both faculty and students.
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign (Champaign, Illinois)
The Department of Psychology at UOI, Urbana-Champaign was created in 1904. The research program includes nearly two dozen research themes, each of which is overseen by faculty dedicated to that program and theme.
Degree programs: There are nine different options for research by program areas, including social-personality, quantitative, industrial-organizational, developmental, cognitive, cognitive neuroscience, clinical-community, behavioral neuroscience, and attention and perception.
What Can I Earn With a Ph.D. in Psychology?
Salary can vary depending on who you work for, where you work, and what you do. However, the data that follows from PayScale.com can give you an idea of your salary potential with a Ph.D.
Salaries with a Ph.D. in Psychology
Professor, postsecondary
Senior researcher
What Can I Expect in a Ph.D. Program?
No matter what career path you decide to pursue, getting your Ph.D. will entail completing a program that can last anywhere from five to seven years. Here is what you can expect.
A bachelor's degree is required for all graduate-level study. Some Ph.D. programs also require a master's degree. But even if a program doesn't, it can be wise to get one. Earning a master's allows you to make a fully-informed decision about your focus area and may lower the amount of time it will take to complete your Ph.D.
Schools may vary in the specific requirements for entering a Ph.D. program, but in general you will need to:
Have a specified GPA in your undergraduate or master's program, usually of 3.0 or higher
Write an essay—sometimes a statement of purpose, sometimes one of your own choice, or sometimes both
Interview with faculty members
Provide official transcripts
Submit letters of recommendation
Give proof of internships or other work experience
Submit a resume or curriculum vitae
Provide a portfolio of published works
Curriculum in Psychology Ph.D. Programs
The subject matter and curriculum will vary depending on your area of specialization and career path. All Ph.D. students, however, can expect to encounter coursework focused on research methods. These courses might include:
Quantitative analysis and design
Research theory, design, and methods
Statistics for psychology
Ethics in research
In addition to coursework, you will likely have to pass a comprehensive exam, write and defend a dissertation, and complete a specified number of hours (usually equivalent to one or two years) of a practicum, internship, or externship in your area of study.
Accreditation and Ph.D. Programs in Psychology
It's important that your Ph.D. program is accredited. Schools or programs that are accredited have been recognized by independent third-party governing bodies for the rigor of their programs.
Examples of accrediting bodies for graduate programs in the field of psychology include:
Council for Accreditation of Counseling & Related Educational Programs (CACREP)
National Association of School Psychologists (NASP)
Cost of a Ph.D. Program
Although Ph.D. programs can be expensive, the good news is that many universities fully fund their doctoral students. This may include full tuition and a stipend for living expenses throughout the course of the doctoral program. In exchange, doctoral students work in research or as teaching assistants.
If cost is an issue for you, make sure that you understand a university's policies regarding tuition before you commit.
Online Psychology Ph.D. Degrees
The APA accredits some hybrid doctoral programs, which include both online and face-to-face instruction. The APA does not, however, currently accredit any fully online doctoral programs, though other accrediting agencies may. Also, programs delivered 100% online will not satisfy licensure requirements in most states or will require you to demonstrate equivalency to an APA-accredited doctoral degree, if you are intending to practice as a psychologist anywhere in the U.S.
After You Earn Your Psychology Ph.D. Degree
Once you earn your degree, you may be able to jump right into your career. But those who plan to work in clinical settings will need to get a license. Some states also require researchers to earn one. Check with your state's psychology board to learn about your location's regulations.
Once you start working, you will need to keep abreast of developments in your field; or, you may wish to delve more deeply into your current specialty or focus on a new one. Therefore, continuing education in the form of professional development is an essential component. For those who need to be licensed, it is usually required for license renewal.


text:
Italy's minimal competition to host the 2026 Winter Olympics
June 24, 2019 Littlebytesnews	0 Comments
Syndicated with permission of The Conversation
Italy will host the 2026 Winter Games, the International Olympic Committee announced on June 24. The IOC, which organizes the Winter and Summer Games, chose a bid from Milan and the Alpine ski resort of Cortina d'Ampezzo over a single rival bid from the Swedish capital of Stockholm and the village of Åre. The field had narrowed to two contenders after four others had dropped out due to public pressure.
Team Italy. Philippe Lopez/Pool via AP
Advocates for hosting the Olympics say the events draw such big investments in facilities and infrastructure and boost current and future tourism income enough to be worth it. But most experts agree that these claims don't hold up because the costs are too high.
After four of the original six candidates for the 2022 Winter Games bowed out, the IOC chose Beijing – where it almost never snows. All the skiing events will take place 120 miles away in the city of Zhangjiakou when that event gets underway on Feb. 4, 2022.
Aside from the Swedish and Italian contenders for the 2026 Winter Games, the six cities that met IOC standards included Calgary, Canada; Graz, Austria; Sapporo, Japan; and Sion, Switzerland. The IOC eliminated a fifth, Erzurum, Turkey, which it said wasn't eligible.
Opponents of hosting the Winter Games in Denver objected to the concept at a town hall in 2018. AP Photo/David Zalubowski
The IOC's own polling found that a much bigger share of the Italian public favored hosting the Winter Games in 2026 than was the case in Sweden. But hosting in Stockholm and the village of Åre would have been more practical for a simple reason: It's colder there and the Swedish region gets far more natural snow than Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo.
Looking ahead, we believe that climate change will make it even harder to find willing host cities that are snowy enough to hold this event. A multinational team of researchers led by the University of Waterloo in Canada has predicted that by the 2080s as few as four places that have hosted the Games in the past or will soon do so may have climates that are reliably cold enough to do so again: Calgary, Salt Lake City, Albertville, France and Beijing – which gets very little precipitation in the wintertime.
Already, the Winter Games are harder on the environment than other big events. That's because they require the construction of venues and other infrastructure, which is often located in protected areas – potentially harming endangered plants and animals.
Due to the risks tied to running out of snow, hosts stockpile natural snow or divert and use a lot of water to make mountains of artificial snow that's expensive and harder on the environment.
What might help contain costs, alleviating the public's qualms?
Denver was supposed to host the Winter Games in 1976, before the city backed out of that plan. AP Photo
To be sure, the Winter Games is bound to find willing hosts even if there's no city on earth where the locals want to do the honors – as long as there are authoritarian governments. We have observed that regimes where freedom of speech and electoral power are limited at best have grown more likely to proceed with bids because the public opposition in those countries is inherently quieter and weaker.
[ Like what you've read? Want more? Sign up for The Conversation's daily newsletter. ]
The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.
Source: The Conversation
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FIRST PREVIEW: Exclusive Look At New Book's Chapter on RACISM
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Untangling the Root Causes of the School Shootings


text:
My Favourite Gainsborough
As one of the most important artists in eighteenth century Britain, Thomas Gainsborough's influenced countless nationally significant artists from John Constable, Paul and John Nash to Maggi Hambling.
Over the past five years Gainsborough's House have asked artists, curators and critics to select their favourite Gainsborough work and explain what it means to them. Here is a selection of those responses.
Christoph Vogtherr
Christopher Le Brun
Andrew Lambirth
Maggi Hambling
Philip Mould OBE
Amanda Isaac
Gainsborough's House Information Point Temporarily Closed
New public face for Gainsborough's House
Gainsborough House in Moscow
About Gainsborough's House
Thomas Gainsborough (1727-88) was born in Sudbury and baptised at the Independent Meeting-House in Friars Street on 14 May 1727, the fifth son and ninth child of John and Mary Gainsborough. In 1958, Gainsborough's House Society was formed to purchase the house and establish it as a centre for Thomas Gainsborough. The Museum opened to the public in 1961 and has remained open for over 50 years. The beautiful historic garden at the heart of Gainsborough's House is maintained by a devoted body of volunteers, who garden exclusively with plants that were available in Gainsborough's lifetime.
Gainsborough's House Society , Charity No. 1170048 and Company Limited by Guarantee No. 10413978
Gainsborough's House, 46 Gainsborough Street, Sudbury, Suffolk, CO10 2EU
mail@gainsborough.org
© Gainsborough's House 2016 | Website by The Web Foundry


text:
De Nederlandse Basketball Bond (NBB) is de overkoepelende sportbond voor basketbalverenigingen in Nederland. De NBB is gevestigd in Nieuwegein en is onderverdeeld in vijf afdelingen (voorheen Rayons genoemd):
West
Noord-Holland
Noord
Oost
Zuid

Geschiedenis
De bond werd opgericht op 15 juli 1947. Bij de oprichting begon hij met iets minder dan duizend leden en waren 120 teams uit Amsterdam, Haarlem en Rotterdam aangesloten.

Basketbal was op dat moment een sport die nog niet in het hele land werd beoefend, maar vooral in Amsterdam. Logisch is het dan ook dat de NBB voortkwam uit de in 1945 opgerichte Amsterdamse Basketballbond. In het seizoen '49-'50 werd er naast eerder genoemde steden basketbal gespeeld in Groningen, Leeuwarden, Winterswijk, Utrecht, Dordrecht en Den Helder.

Ledenaantallen
Hieronder de ontwikkeling van het ledenaantal en het aantal verenigingen:

Externe link
 Officiële website

Basketbalbond
Basketbal in Nederland
Basketbal


text:
Q: If $\mathcal{E}$ is a family of subsets of $\Omega$ then there is a unique $\sigma$-algebra $\mathcal{F}$ over $\Omega$ If $\mathcal{E}$ is a family of subsets of $\Omega$ then there is a unique $\sigma$-algebra $\mathcal{F}$ over $\Omega$ such that:
i) $\mathcal{F}$ contains $\mathcal{E}$.
ii) If $\mathcal{G}$ is a $\sigma$-algebra over $\Omega$ that contains $\mathcal{E}$, then $\mathcal{F} \subset \mathcal{G}$
Well I don't know how to prove this but I have thinking that maybe there is a way if I note that $\mathcal{F} = \sigma(\mathcal{E})$ and then see that
$$\mathcal{F}=\sigma(\mathcal{E}) \subset \mathcal{G}.$$
Then $\mathcal{F}$ contains $\mathcal{E}$
Someone could help me to prove the second statement, please. Thanks for the help and time.

A: Yes, $\mathcal{F} := \sigma(\mathcal{E})$ is the $\sigma$-algebra you are looking for. By the very definition, $\sigma(\mathcal{E})$ is the smallest $\sigma$-algebra containing $\mathcal{E}$; this means that for any $\sigma$-algebra $\mathcal{G}$ containing $\mathcal{E}$ we have $\sigma(\mathcal{E}) \subseteq \mathcal{G}$ - and that's exactly (ii).

A: Take $\sigma(\mathcal{E})$ to be the intersection of all sigma-algebras that contain $\mathcal{E}$.
This is a pretty generic pattern in mathematics, let $\mathcal{F}$ be a family of sets satisfying some property $P$ that is closed under arbitrary intersection (i.e. if $\mathcal{G} \subset \mathcal{F}$, then $\cap_{A \in \mathcal{G}} A \in \mathcal{F}$). Then for a set $S \subseteq X$, the smallest set that satisfies $P$ generated by is necessarily the intersection of all elements in $F$ that contain $S$. This shows up a lot: the sub-group $H \leq G$ generated by a set of group elements $S \subset G$; the convex hull of a set $S \subset \mathbb{R}^d$; the sigma-algebra generated by $\mathcal{E}$ in your example, etc.


text:
Journal of Alcoholism Drug Abuse & Substance Dependence Category: Medical Type: Research Article
Alcohol Related Crashes in Europe
Eduard Missoni1*, Sanja Mlinaric-Vrbica2, M Meschino3 and E Pancrazi3
1 University Of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
2 General Hospital Dubrovnik, Dubrovnik, Croatia
3 Sapienza University Of Rome, Rome, Italy
Eduard Missoni
University Of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Tel:+385 13361814,
Email:emissoni@fpz.hr
Accepted Date: Jan 17, 2018
Published Date: Jan 31, 2018
DOI:10.24966/ADSD-9594/100008
The European Commission estimates show that one out of four incidents in the EU (25%) is attributable to alcohol. 96% of people involved in this type of accidents are represented by male individuals, of which 33% are young people between 15 and 34 years of age. The estimates produced by the European Commission convey that every year at least 10,000 people in the European Union die in road accidents caused by alcohol.
European-level statistics show that young people aged between 18 and 24 have a higher risk of causing or undergoing such accidents, while 25% of them are attributable to alcohol. The higher health institute estimates that alcohol related road accidents in Italy make up 30-35% of the total number of accidents. An analysis conducted in 2012 under the XX Report ACI-CENSIS on alcohol consumption and behaviors shows that 13.8% of drivers do not abstain from consuming alcohol before driving. Among them 8.2% do not think that alcohol present a problem for their behavior behind the wheel.
Between 2012 and 2015, more than 8 out of 100 people among car drivers have driven under the influence of alcohol, having taken two or more alcohol units an hour before driving. Another 6 out of 100 claim to have been transported by a driver driving under the effect of alcohol. Systematic checks with ethyl test are a proven tool to reduce mortality caused by traffic accidents but are still uncommon, encompassing only 10% of those who have been stopped.
Blood alcohol concentration; Education; Prevention; Road traffic accident
While alcohol can initially perk people up and even help them to socialize at a party, it is nevertheless a central nervous system depressant. Alcohol acts on two receptor groups in the brain. Its effect on dopamine receptors produces pleasurable feelings, whereas its impact on GABA and glutamate receptors acts like a sedative resulting in the slowing down of movement and speech. Acute reactions to alcohol intake are: walking impairment, blurred vision, slurred speech, slowed reaction times and impaired memory. Some of these impairments are detectable after only one or two drinks. The degree of the impairment depends mainly on the Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC).
The driving task can be divided in three subtasks. The first group includes the tasks on the operational level. They include steering, changing gear, accelerating, braking but also other manual and mostly fully automated actions for maneuvering and keeping the vehicle in an optimum operational state. The second group of subtasks includes the tasks at the tactical level. This consists of the application of the rules of the road and decisions concerning maneuvers that include other road users. The third group includes the tasks at the strategic level. These tasks deal with vehicle choice and route choice. In this particular case one can think of the decision a driver has to take whether he will drive or not after having consumed alcohol.
Alcohol affects task performance at all three levels. On the first level, most skills related to the driving task start to deteriorate at a BAC-level as low as 0.18 g/l [1]. With tracking performance (keeping course) affected first while keeping headway from the vehicle that changes speed is impaired at BAC 0.3 g/l and keeping distance from the vehicle on constant speed is defective at BAC of 0.54 g/l. Choice reaction time begin to deteriorate at a BAC of 0.6 g/l while reactions on a visual detection when driving starts to decrease significantly at a BAC of 0.8 g/l. Decrease in the ability to divide attention between the driving task and another task starts at BACs between 0.3 and 1 g/l.
At the second level, alcohol consumption leads to the increase in the number of mistakes and prolonged reaction times when drivers are confronted with a complex secondary task, even when small quantities of alcohol are consumed, indicates that alcohol causes information processing to be hampered. Under the influence of alcohol, drivers tend to fix their eyes more on the central visual field and fewer eye movements are made to the peripheral view. Using fewer sources in the visual field to obtain information about the environment cause longer time to recognize and respond to vital information about their environment [2].
At the third level, the most important effect of alcohol consumption is on the perceived ease or difficulty of undertaking a given behavior that leads to loss of self-control. After having consumed alcohol a driver is much more inclined to think that he can easily drive safely when he is a bit drunk.
Acute impairments resolve soon after the normalization of the Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) and the most important thing is to prevent the person from driving while there is still alcohol in the system. Chronic alcohol consumers can develop brain deficits that persist well after they stop drinking and some impairment cannot restitute to normal even if the person stops drinking permanently. The risk of developing the permanent brain damage from alcohol consumption depends on the age when the person starts to drink, frequency and amount of alcohol per day, gender, comorbidities and use of some drugs, especially psychoactive drugs. Such persons can have impaired driving capabilities even with normal BAC.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) the main causes of road accidents that cause deaths are:
• Excess speed
• Not using safety devices
• The use of alcoholic drinks by the driver
The human factors that impact motor vehicle fatalities (Figure 1) include drunk driving (29%), speeding, accounting for 27% of fatal crashes, drugged driving (21%), distracted driving (10%) and drowsy driving (2%). In the follow picture it is possible to see the distribution of the factors involved in fatal motor vehicle traffic crash in 2015 (data refers to America) [3].
Figure 1: Factors involved in fatal vehicles carshes-2015.
Source: Foundation of advancing alcohol responsibility.
The WHO has also estimated the achievable results intervening on these causes:
• -25% of deaths with a reduction of average speed of 5 km/h
• -15% of deaths with a generalized use of safety devices
• -5/40% of deaths with a reduction of alcohol rate for drivers always at below of 0.5 g/l.
Driving under the effect of alcohol is one of the more risk factors that causes road accidents serious or fatal. Road accidents cause many deaths but also disability, temporary and permanent, with heavy physical, psychosocial consequences on the quality of life.
Drinking alcohol before driving is a socially habitual behavior that is often underestimated and therefore not considered in its risk. Scientific evidence shows that alcohol consumption, even at low doses, is a risk for those who are driving and for people around them.
The problem of alcohol-related accidents is not only due to alcoholics: all drinkers/abusers, even occasional ones, are a risk to the streets, both for themselves and for others.
Guide is a complex task that requires attention and concentration skills. These faculties are heavily influenced by the action of ethyl alcohol which, being a psychoactive substance, interferes with the nervous system and hence its capabilities.
The European Commission estimates that one in four-incident in the EU (25%) is attributable to alcohol. The 96% of people involved in this type of accidents are represented by male individuals, of which 33% are young people between 15 and 34 years. The estimates produced by the European Commission, very conservative in function the state of being drunk, show how every year at least 10,000 people in the European Union die in road accidents caused by alcohol.
European-level statistics show that young people aged 18 and over 24 years are those for which there is a higher risk of causing or undergoing one accident. The latest estimates show that 25% of accidents for young people between 18 and 24 years are attributable to alcohol.
In the following picture (Figure 2) is shown the annual consumption value for each country [4].
Figure 2: Alcohol consumption among adults (15+), liters per person (2013).
The highest values are registered in Luxembourg and Czech Republic. The lowest values are registered in Turkey and Armenia, where the most population is Mussulman. In Italy there is a value of annual consumption of alcohol (6.94 liters) the lowest among those registered in Europe, where the average value is 10.51 litres.
The high percentage of alcohol-related accidents is due to the usual alcohol consummation. ISTAT (Italian National Institute for Statistics) data (Figure 3) indicates that 75% of Italians consume alcohol (87% of men and 63% of women) [5]. The first glass of alcohol is consumed at the age of 11-12 years and it is the lowest age of the entire European Union. There are over 3 million risk drinkers and 1 million alcoholics. About 400,000 young people under the age of 17 are alcoholic. Behaviors that exceed the recommendations are noted among young people aged 18-24 (22% and 8.7% respectively) and among adolescents of 11-17 years (21.5% and 17.3%). The most at risk for binge drinking is youth age (18-24 years): 14.5% of young people (21% of males and 7.6% of females) behaves in this way, mostly during moments of socialization. These are the most sensitive age range about alcohol-related accidents. The binge drinking or the drunkenness for you people is very risky, because they don't have the perception of the risks and consequences of their actions [6].
Figure 3: Alcohol consumption in Italy related to the age.
Source: "Use e abuso di alcol Italia"-ISTAT.
METHODS AND MEASUREMENTS
To determine alcohol concentration, it is not necessarily a laboratory blood test; since a portion of alcohol ingested by the body is disposed of urine and breathing, a very precise and rapid test has been developed, commonly called "balloon test". To calculate the alcoholic level it is asked to the subject to exhale within a balloon where there is a substance that serves as a chemical indicator and it is therefore able to change its color if the concentration of alcohol in the exhaled air is higher than that allowed. The name of this type of measurements is Breathalyzer [7].
It is a measurement tool used to determine the alcohol value, i.e., of ethanol content in the blood. In Italy this are approved devices capable of measuring such concentration through the analysis of air exhaled alveolar air. Ethanol, after being ingested, it is rapidly absorbed from the stomach and the small intestine and is distributed throughout the body water (which, for the human body, is approximately 0.55 l/kg). The majority (about 90%) ethanol is metabolized in the body, while a small part is eliminated in the urine, in sweat and exhaled air: the etanolemia ratio (concentration of ethanol in the blood) and air alveolar is relatively constant, 80 mg of ethanol per 100 ml of blood produce 35 micrograms/100ml of exhaled air ethanol.
The main factors involve on the road are three:
• The vehicle
• Environmental conditions
• The human factor
The last is very important, and it is the only one on which people are directly responsible. It is known that the driver's altered psycho-physical state, due to alcohol or drugs, is the cause of serious accidents, even fatal.
The negative effects of alcohol on the guide are well known. It acts on different brain functions (perception, attention, processing, evaluation, etc.,), with different effects and closely related to the amount of alcohol present in the blood, i.e., the alcoholic rate.
The alcohol level is measured in grams of alcohol per liter of blood; an alcoholic rate of 1g/liter indicates that in each liter of blood of the subject there is 1 gram of pure alcohol; the same alcoholic rate can also be expressed in the percentage form 0.1%.
1. Generally the alcohol effects are the following [8]:
• Eye problems: Following alcohol intake, disturbances to the eye occur because of reduction of lateral vision (tunnel vision) and of a reduced ability to adapt to vision night.
• Slowdown of reaction times: The reaction time is the time interval between exposure to stimuli and the answer. Response times vary individually and they are influenced by several factors: alcohol makes coordination of movements difficult, increases reaction times, movements and obstacles are perceived with very late.
• Minor concentration: Alcohol intake compromises the supervisory ability, as well as provoking drowsiness and dizziness sleeps.
• Reduction of judicial capacity: Alcohol creates a sense of well-being, security and euphoria that leads to overestimating the abilities and to face risks that in normal situations we avoid it.
The first negative effects start at values of 0.2 g/liter, they concern the ability to divide the attention between two or more sources of information and the interaction with fatigue; with a rate of 0.5 g/liter, the side field of vision, reaction times, stamina resistance, psychomotor coordination begin to be compromised. At a rate of 0.8 g/liter, the previous symptoms worsen and the distances to be evaluated are also compromised, attention decreases considerably, decreasing red light sensitivity. At a rate of 1-1.2 g/liter, the previous symptoms worsen and the euphoria appears, the side vision is greatly compromised, as well as the perception of the distances and the speed of movement of the objects. At rates of between 1.5 and 2 g/liter, all of the above symptoms are exaggerated, with complete underestimation of the risks, the no coordination of the movements (for example, it accelerates instead of braking), strongly slowed reactions. All this is reflected in the risks of a serious accident.
The previous data are resumed in the following table 1.
Alcol g/l
Driving Effect
Reaction times begin to increase
Slow down mental capacity
Legal limit
Reduction of the field of vision and reaction times
Europia and erratic perception of the risk
Prolongation of reaction times
Less ability to adapt to darkness
Drunkenness and unstable balance
Mental confusion and inability to evaluate distances
Table 1: Driving effect.
Source: ACI: (Automobile Club of Italy).
In Italy the legal limit is fixed at 0.5 g/l. In America the alcohol limit in blood that determines the state of drunkenness is 0.8 g/l, 60% more than in Italy and before the 1980s awareness campaign (where arrests were more than double) varied between 1 and 1.5.
In the following picture (Figure 4) is shown the legal limit of alcohol intake for several countries.
Figure 4: Legal limit for alcohol intake in different.
Alcoholic level depends from several individual factors: Depends on the mechanism of alcohol diffusion (from the stomach to the blood and then to cellular brain fluids), the alcohol content of the drinks, the way alcohol is drunk, the sex and age of the subject, its alcohol habit of drinking alcohol.
It is possible to see in the following picture (Figure 5) the trade of the alcoholic rate in time.
Figure 5: Trade of the alcoholic ate in time.
Source: ACI (Automobile Club of Italy).
It is possible to see that the time taken by the alcohol to manifest its effects is shortly opposed to the duration of the consequences which may occur for several hours.
If, in a period of time (for example during and after a meal), you consume subsequent amounts of alcohol, each absorption and elimination curve is added and overlaps with the previous one, resulting in cumulative effects.
From 2013 to 2014, fatalities in alcohol-impaired-driving crashes decreased by 1.4 percent (10,110 to 9,967 fatalities). Alcohol-impaired-driving fatalities in the past 10 years have declined by 27 percent from 13,582 in 2005 to 9,967 in 2014. The rate of alcohol-impaired-driving fatalities in motor vehicle crashes in 2014 was 0.33 per 100 million Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT), a decline from 0.34 in 2013. The alcohol-impaired-driving fatality rate in the past 10 years has declined by 27 percent, from 0.45 in 2005 to 0.33 in 2014 [9].
The following picture (Figure 6) presents the fatality numbers and rates for the past decade.
Figure 6: Fatalities and fatality rate per 100 million VMT in alcohol-impaired-driving crashes, 2005-2014.
Source: Fatalities-FARS 2005-2013 final file.
It is possible to see in table 2 that the rate of alcohol impairment among drivers involved in fatal crashes in 2014 was almost 4 times higher at night than during the day (34% versus 9%). In 2014, 16 percent of all drivers involved in fatal crashes during the week were alcohol-impaired, compared to 29 percent on weekends. The following table presents information on drivers involved in fatal crashes in 2005 and 2014 by time of day and day of week, as well as single-vehicle and multiple-vehicle crash data.
Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes
Change in Percentage with BACs0.08+2005-2014
BAC=0.08+
Total number of drivers
BACs 0.08+
Percent total
Drivers by crash type and time of day
Single vehicle crash
Multiple vehicles crash
Drivers by time delay
Drivers by day of week and time delay
Weekday*
Weekend*
Table 2: Drivers involved in fatal crashes with BAC22 of 0.008 g/dL or higher, by crash type, time of day of week (2005-2014).
Source: FARS 2005 final file and 2014 ARF.
A very important decrease occurred regarding crash-related deaths of persons under 21 years of age. The data in figure 7 show that in 1982 there were 5,215 persons under 21 involved in driving fatalities, whereas in 2015 there was 1,021. Drunk driving fatalities among those under 21 have declined 80% from 1982 to 2015. The stated data are presented in the following picture.
Figure 7: Under 21 involved in crash fatalities.
Source: "2015 State of drunk driving fatalities in America"; Foundation for advancing alcohol responsibility.
According to ISTAT statistics, in Italy in 2012 road accidents with personal injuries were 186,726, injured 264,716 and deaths 3,653. ANIA (American Nursing Informatics Association) data, however, show a much worse situation, revealing about 3 million accidents and about 900,000 injured. Incidents related to incorrect driver behavior are, according to ISTAT, more than 80% of the total: 16.6% of them are due to distracted driving, 16.2% failing to comply with the rules of precedence or traffic light and 11.2% at too high speeds. The Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS) estimates that road accidents in Italy account for 30-35% of deadly accidents: therefore, in our country in 2012 the number of victims at the wheel because of alcohol abuse would be attested to 1100-1300.
Few and simple interventions could cause, almost immediately, a drastic reduction in the number of road accidents and therefore of their most serious consequences [9]. Alcohol ignition interlocks, increase in alcohol enforcement patrols and tightening of the legislation are the measures that every European country should implement to achieve the goal of reducing alcohol-related road accidents.
Italy is still lagging behind in alcohol-related injury prevention: there are not so much motor locks and alcohol-zero driving is only applicable to professional drivers and newcomers. In addition, the number of road alcohol controls is growing but is still insufficient. As shown in figure 8, the European average in 2010 was 176 controls per 1,000 inhabitants, while the Italian standard stands at meagre 27 per 1,000 inhabitants.
Alcohol-induced risky driving is often exacebrated by impairing effects on driver skills and poor inhibitory control [10,11].
Figure 8: European average values of polices control in road.
Source: ARS Toscana (Regional company for healthy).
Regarding the tightening of the legislation, in Italy the law about the "road murder" is a starting point in order to initiate an important and radical cultural change, especially in view of behavior patterns adopted at young age. This law condemns anyone who causes the death of a person as a result of the violation of the rules governing road traffic. In case of people who in a state of drunkenness with a level of alcohol greater than 1.5 g/l or in a state of psycho-physical alteration resulting from taking narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances cause the death of other persons, they can be sentenced to eight to twelve years in prison.
Finally, it is possible to analyze the economic cost of all motor vehicle traffic crashes. For example, in Unites States in 2010 that cost amounted to 242 $billion, of which 44 billion $ resulted from alcohol-impaired-driving crashes. In Italy, according to the study conducted by the Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport, the cost of social accidents with injuries in 2013 was estimated to €17.95 billion. With the additional costs of accident without injured persons, this estimate increases to over €24 billion.
These costs represent tangible losses caused by motor vehicle traffic crashes. However, in cases of serious injuries or death, such costs fail to capture the relatively intangible value of the lost quality-of-life resulting directly from these injuries. When considering the quality-of-life evaluations, in the United States in 2010 it was estimated that the total value of social harm from motor vehicle traffic crashes amounted to $836 billion, of which $201.1 billion resulted from alcohol-impaired-driving crashes.
Moskowitz H, Robinson C (1987) Driving-related skills impairment at low blood alcohol levels. In: Noordzij PC, Rosbach R (eds.). Alcohol, drugs and traffic safety, T86. Excerpta Medica,, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/specialist/knowledge/alcohol/effects_of_alcohol_consumption/effects_on_driver_capabilities
http://www.dronet.org/pdf/alcol_e_guida.pdf
http://www.aci.it/laci/sicurezza-stradale/alcool-e-guida/cosa-ce-da-sapere.html
http://www.istat.it/it/files/2015/04/statistica_report_alcol_2014.pdf?title=Uso+e+abuso+di+alcol+-+16%2Fapr%2F2015+-+Testo+integrale.pdf
http://www.my-personaltrainer.it/salute/tasso-alcolemico.html
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etilometro
https://www.ars.toscana.it/it/aree-dintervento/problemi-di-salute/incidenti-stradali-domestici-e-balneari/incidenti-stradali/news/2475-incidenti-stradali-alcol-correlati-dati-preoccupanti-dalla-commissione-europea.html
Traffic safety facts 2014. U.S. Department of Transportation, NHTSA, Washington DC, USA.
Missoni E, Boži? B, Missoni I (2012) Alcohol-related road traffic accidents before and after passing of the Road Traffic Safety Act in Croatia. Coll Antropol 4: 1483-1489.
Laude JR, Fillmore MT (2015) Simulated driving performance under alcohol: Effects on driver-risk versus driver-skill. Drug Alcohol Depend 154: 271-277.
Citation: Missoni E, Mlinari?-Vrbica S, Meschino M, Pancrazi E (2018) Alcohol Related Crashes in Europe. J J Alcohol Drug Depend Subst Abus 4: 008.
Copyright: © 2018 Eduard Missoni, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Alcohol Health Risks
Effects of Alcoholism


text:
Stepney mum crowdfunds for Reece Kempley's therapy after prankster puts him in wheelchair
Published: 7:05 AM April 18, 2018 Updated: 8:50 AM October 14, 2020
Reece and his mum at his temportary Isle of Dogs flat. Picture: Mike Brooke - Credit: Mike Brooke
Reece Kempley was on the last day of his holiday on the Greek Isle of Corfu when a prankster pushed him off a pier into the sea and changed his life for ever—causing a spine injury that has put him in a wheelchair.
Now the 23-year-old's family in Stepney Green are desperately trying to raise funds to pay for intensive physiotherapy in his fight to regain movement in his limbs.
His mum Rachel is starting a fundraising campaign to run car boot sales, pub evenings and a charity football match.
"We need at least £25,000 for physiotherapy," she tells tomorrow's East London Advertiser.
"I feel bad having to ask the public to help, but we have no choice. We are desperate because my son is being written off. I won't let that happen."
She has also set up a Reece Kemply Just Giving online page for donations from wellwishers.
Reece is in temporary accommodation in an Aspire spinal injury charity's ground-floor flat at Millharbour on the Isle of Dogs—but isolated from his family and friends in Stepney.
Rachel pleads with Tower Hamlets Council for appropriate family accommodation suitable for Reece, her other two children and his 24-hour carer.
"Reece needs to be on the ground floor," the 49-year-old Brick Lane beigal bakery shopworker said. "We need him back with us in a family environment."
The council is looking for a property meeting their needs as their flat in Stepney Green Court is unsuitable and cannot be adapted.
A town hall spokesman said: "Wheelchair accessible properties are sadly in short supply and not everyone can be housed on the ground floor."
Natasha Bolter (centre) with the Kempleys... The familys crowdfunding is brilliant, she says, but "they shouldnt have be doing this". Picture: Mike Brooke - Credit: Mike Brooke
Reece is beginning to feel tingling sensation in his feet and legs. But corrective therapy is expensive. A bill for a week's intensive treatment is £10,000—but cheaper abroad, Rachel has found. The family has scraped £5,000 together to send him to Poland for two weeks' treatment.
Reece remembers the holidaymaker's prank that has put him through months of medical care and therapy.
"A girl on the pier asked if I could swim and suddenly just pushed me into the water," he recalls. "I hit the rocks—my head bobbed up, but I couldn't move my limbs."
Bystanders pulled him to safety. The girl just vanished into the crowd.
"She must have realised what she did," Reece added. "I feel upset that someone could do that. She didn't even stay to see if I was alright."
He was in intensive care for a week on life support, then flown back to Heathrow on July 3 where an air-ambulance took him to the Royal London in Whitechapel.
But he wasn't happy with the 13 weeks of care at the hospital before being sent to a rehab centre in Stanmore.
"I wasn't getting washed," he claimed. "I had medication left on the side and couldn't move to get it. I don't know how they expected me to take my tablets."
The hospital apologised when contacted by the Advertiser for the family feeling the care "fell short of the quality we aim to provide". A spokesman said: "We discussed with the family us purchasing a shower chair—but unfortunately it wouldn't have been safe on the neurosciences ward."
The family's plight was revealed during Tower Hamlets election campaigning at Canary Wharf when independent candidate Natasha Bolter knocked on Reece's front-door in Millharbour and Rachel answered.
Natasha said: "More should have been done for this family. Reece has been let down by everyone.
"The family's crowdfunding is a brilliant idea—but they shouldn't have to do this."
Reece's life-changing accident has opened his eyes to a "lack of care" for the disabled. He wants the whole system looked into and improve what can be done for spinal patients and others who need support, especially access to buildings and public transport.


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Un avion d'entraînement est un avion militaire utilisé pour former les équipages au pilotage, à la navigation et au maniement du système d'arme. Ils sont parfois appelés avions-école, bien que ce terme soit plutôt utilisé pour les avions destinés à la formation des pilotes civils.

Historique

Les premiers aéronefs étaient la plupart du temps pilotés par les pionniers qui les avaient conçus et réalisés. Dès la Première Guerre mondiale, la construction en grandes séries d'avions de combat (chasseurs ou bombardiers) nécessita de former un grand nombre de pilotes en peu de temps.

Les premiers pilotes furent formés sur les appareils destinés au combat. Bientôt le besoin se fit sentir de disposer d'avions spécifiquement conçus pour l'apprentissage, c'est-à-dire capables de pardonner les erreurs des débutants et équipés d'une double commande pour l'instructeur.

Depuis les années 1950 et l'apparition d'avions de combat à réaction de plus en plus complexes, on distingue la formation de base des pilotes (généralement assurée sur monomoteur à hélice) de la formation complémentaire destinée à leur permettre de maitriser les caractéristiques de vol de leurs avions et de tout le système d'armes associé, ainsi que l'entraînement au tir.

En raison du coût de l'heure de vol d'un avion de combat, cette formation complémentaire est généralement réalisée sur des appareils plus légers conçus pour l'entraînement, et sur simulateur de vol. Le pilote termine ensuite sa formation sur une version biplace de l'avion sur lequel il sera affecté.

Description

Un avion d'entraînement est (généralement) biplace, de façon à accueillir à la fois l'élève pilote et son instructeur. Suivant les cas, les deux pilotes peuvent être disposés l'un derrière l'autre (en tandem) ou côte à côte. À part une vitesse nettement inférieure, les avions d'entraînement modernes ont des qualités de vol proches de celles des avions de combat, et possèdent des systèmes électroniques simulant toutes leurs fonctionnalités, telles que radars d'acquisition et de poursuite de cibles, emport d'armement, systèmes de communication, etc.

Certains avions d'entraînement comme le Folland Gnat, le Fouga Magister ou l'Alpha Jet ont acquis une certaine notoriété après avoir été utilisés par les patrouilles acrobatiques de différents pays.

Sont également utilisés des avions dérivés d'avions de transport légers, permettant par exemple d'entraîner plusieurs navigateurs en même temps. Comme ceux-ci s'entraînent principalement au maniement des instruments, ils peuvent être assis à des consoles dans la cabine de l'avion et n'ont pas besoin d'une vision directe sur le terrain au-dessus duquel l'avion est en train de voler. Les personnels qui s'occupent des armes ou des systèmes radars peuvent être entraînés de la même manière.

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