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Q: prepositions used with DISTANCE Dears,
pls advise the difference in usage of the following prepositions with DISTANCE. There is little info in grammar, I'd be glad even just to hear the ideas of native speakers as they feel it.
(My assumptions in brackets)
1)In the/a distance (mostly vague remoteness)
2)On (a) distance (of) (physical figure with usually accurate figures, km, m..)
3)At the/a distance of (the same? physical figure with km, m..)
*e.g.
1)On a clear day you can see the temple in the distance./In a distance of 300 meters a number of tents housed a radio operator and helicopter pilots whose helicopters MI-8 stood motionless not very far away.
2)a picturesque valley of East Carpathians' foothills at a height of 350 m above sea level on distance of 105 km from L'viv./On a distance of 100 meters there is a concert hall Dzintari located and close to the lat is a Jomas street.
3)credit for land purchase is provided for land located in Kyiv or at the distance of 40 km.*/Particularly at a distance of three feet.
The examples are taken from the web randomly.Maybe some sounds unnaturally?
pls also advise when to use articles A or THE with DISTANCE.
Thanks in advance.

A: The only phrases which seem to me common and idiomatic are:
in the distance (which uses "distance" as a vague term)
and
at a distance of.
After a (specific) "distance of" has been introduced, it can then be referred to as "the distance", in accordance with the normal use of indefinite and definite articles.
There is also an idiom "go the distance", meaning "carry out some lengthy activity to completion".

A: *

*"at a distance of" is perfectly idiomatic and is used to describe how far something or someone is.

*The church is at a distance of 20 miles southwest of my house.

*"in the distance" is the most common way of saying that someone or something is far from you. This doesn't imply any measurements.

*Can you see the boat in the distance?

*"on the distance of" is very rare and I mostly met in sports. This speaks about what came to be on a specific distance, talking about measurements here.

*The car reached 350 km per hour on a distance of just 10 km. Its capabilities of accelerating are magnificent.
There is also a very uncommon usage of "up to a distance of" which means to a certain degree further away from either of the sides.

*

*The gap will soon stretch up to a distance of more than a mile if we do nothing.


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Mazen Kiwan : Le tango m'a appris l'attente du moment parfait
on 24 September، 2019 26 September، 2019 By scambalosa
Discret et talentueux, celui qui a lancé le tango au Liban et constitué une communauté d'aficionados n'a pas eu l'itinéraire d'un enfant gâté. Portrait d'un danseur passionné, à froid.
On s'en souvient membre du jury dans l'émission à grand succès Dancing with the Stars, pour ses interventions mais également pour sa barbichette nattée qui a déclenché des tempêtes entre pro et anti. Depuis quelque temps, Mazen Kiwan a changé de look. Il s'est fait couper les cheveux et une partie de la barbe, qui lui rappelait l'Égypte des Pharaons.
Lors d'une conférence de presse la semaine dernière, le chorégraphe et danseur de tango le plus connu du Liban a annoncé la dixième édition du Festival international de tango de Beyrouth. Un événement qu'il a lancé alors qu'il habitait encore la France, et qui est devenu une institution.
C'est à Paris où il a résidé dès 1995 pour suivre des cours à l'Institut pédagogique d'art chorégraphique qu'il a découvert cette danse toute en sensualité et en grâce.
« La France m'a appris l'humilité. Quand je suis arrivé à Paris, j'étais premier danseur chez Caracalla. Et puis, j'ai découvert mon niveau… J'avais à travailler énormément sur moi-même pour progresser parmi les danseurs européens », confie-t-il.
Né à Bater, dans le caza du Chouf, Mazen Kiwan, qui aimait cet art depuis tout petit, a rejoint la troupe de Caracalla en 1990 à 17 ans. « J'avais 22 ans quand je suis arrivé à Paris. Que de fois au début de mon séjour parisien je quittais des auditions avant de danser parce que je voyais la performance des danseurs qui m'avaient précédé, poursuit-il. J'avais le choix entre rentrer au Liban et vivre dans le déni en prétendant que je suis un grand danseur, ou rester en France et travailler », ajoute-t-il, fier de son parcours. En véritable bûcheur, il opte en toute humilité pour la solution difficile et reste dans la Ville-Lumière où il progresse petit à petit et découvre le tango. « Cet intérêt nouveau s'est fait à travers la musique, surtout celle d'Astor Piazzola et d'Osvaldo Pugliese », se souvient-il. Il assiste à des spectacles, prend part à des milongas, ces soirées où l'on danse le tango, et apprend les bases de la danse dès 1997, deux ans après son arrivée à Paris, dans un studio de Saint Cloud.
Les choses s'accélèrent en 1999 quand il devient l'assistant, l'espace d'un atelier de travail, du danseur et professeur argentin Gustavo Naveira, qui a surtout travaillé sur la structure des mouvements de la célèbre danse argentine. « À la fin du workshop, les danseurs qui y participaient m'ont demandé si je pouvais leur faire répéter les chorégraphies afin qu'ils ne les oublient pas. J'ai participé avec eux au paiement de la location du studio et je me suis acquitté de la tâche gratuitement. Moi aussi, je voulais danser pour ne pas oublier ! »
Petit à petit, d'autres danseurs entrent dans la danse pour apprendre le tango. Mazen Kiwan loue ainsi à l'heure un studio et commence à gagner un peu d'argent avec cette passion devenue un métier, animé par un goût du partage. Il se rendra à plusieurs reprises en Argentine, avant de retrouver une première fois le Liban en 2002. « Je suis venu en vacances avec mes élèves de différentes nationalités européennes pour danser et leur faire découvrir le pays », raconte-t-il. C'est ainsi qu'est née l'idée du Festival international de tango au Liban, qu'il a lancé il y a tout juste dix ans, en 2009, et qui mobilise, depuis, de plus en plus de danseurs et d'inconditionnels venus du monde entier.
Durant son séjour parisien, Mazen Kiwan a également travaillé au théâtre avec l'actrice et metteuse en scène franco-britannique Irina Brook. Il sera même le chorégraphe de sa pièce Résonance pour laquelle elle avait notamment reçu un Molière et le trophée de la Société des auteurs et compositeurs dramatiques pour les nouveaux talents. En 2004, il figure dansant un tango dans une séquence du film La demoiselle d'honneur de Claude Chabrol. Le danseur et chorégraphe qui parle du choc culturel qu'il a vécu en arrivant à Paris confie sans complexe qu'avant le film, il ne connaissait même pas l'importance du réalisateur dans le cinéma français.
Mazen Kiwan viendra presque chaque année au Liban pour le festival, jusqu'en 2013, où il figure parmi les membres du jury du programme Dancing with the Stars. « Pour le programme, je faisais tous les week-ends des allers-retours Paris-Beyrouth et j'habitais à l'hôtel », dit-il.
C'est à la deuxième saison du programme qu'il décide de s'installer définitivement au pays et d'ouvrir un studio à Badaro qu'il baptise The Academy.
« De nombreux Libanais manquent de sérieux et de discipline. Ils ont aussi le souffle court. Ils pensent que tout devrait leur venir facilement, or ce n'est pas le cas avec la danse. Ils veulent accéder à tout rapidement », dit-il. « Le tango m'a appris l'attente. C'est en fait une éducation à l'attente, celle par exemple du moment parfait. C'est la danse de l'harmonie entre un homme et une femme où chacun des partenaires est entier. Ils dansent pour devenir un », estime-t-il, ajoutant que « le tango est la danse qui éternise en mouvement l'instant présent grâce à l'harmonie entre le couple de danseurs. Tout s'efface. Seule cette union formée par leurs deux corps existe ».
Byblos Tango Festival 2019 !
Patricia Khoder
Lien vers l'article de l'Orient Le Jour.
Lien vers l'évènement du Byblos Tango Festival 2019.
Lien vers le site de l'organisateur Tango Lebanon pour l'inscription.
The Benefits of Dance
on 5 April، 2019 11 September، 2020 By scambalosa
How can dance be defined ? Many definitions are given by diverse sources. Taking them into consideration has led to understand dance as being an artistic and rhythmic movement in a given space that is usually in accord with a given music. Some people dance to express their emotions or ideas, some others find through dance a way to exercise or increase their performance, some look at dance as a way to socialize or have fun while some others are simply pulled in by the music. Actually, although those who dance are overwhelmingly motivated by one aspect of the discipline, dance has combined benefits including socializing, mental well-being, mental health and physical health. As we have discussed the social benefits in a previous article entitled ''Dance or the Art of Meeting Others'', we will focus here on both the mental and the physical benefits of dancing.
On one hand, dance provides undeniable physical benefits. First, dance is an activity that has, depending on the frequency of the sessions and on the intensity of efforts, advantages at least similar to those of sports. A study of 2015 called the Energetics of Dance was led by Dr. Nick Smeeton and Dr. Gary Brickley from the Department of Sport and Exercise Science at the University of Brighton. The researchers analyzed the results that came out of a group of 15 dancers aged from 24 to 38 who tested for the purpose of the study several activities such as ballet, ballroom, contemporary, salsa, street and swing dance as well as swimming, running and cycling. The sessions equally of 30 minutes each revealed different results: an average of 293 calories were burnt in swing dance while 264 calories were burnt in running, 258 calories in cycling and 249 calories in swimming. Swing dance which is the most intense of the aforementioned dances has led to the most calories burnt in a 30 minutes session. Nevertheless, the other dances as ballroom, contemporary or ballet have revealed periods of what is categorized as ''high and severe intensity exercise'', thus an effort that can be easily compared to cycling for example. Here lies the difference between dance and other physical activities. Second, dancing usually implicates the movement of extensive parts of the body unlike the majority of sports. The arms, the legs, the back, the hips, and the neck among others: every muscle and every joint may be called upon during the dancing process. Flexibility as well is a must for any dancer and especially for dances as ballet, contemporary or ballroom dancesport: the ''portes'', the ''ronds de jambe'', the ''pointes'', the ''drops'' and other movements require a lot of both flexibility and strength. Hence, by practicing these dances, you are nurturing both which will tend to keep you fit and in a good shape and health.
Third, dance helps preventing and curing diseases. As any sport, and furthermore as a discipline that is, by nature, more demanding due to its various and extended movements, dance (and dancing regularly !) is an efficient way to prevent and even cure heart diseases, diabetes and high pressure. An article of November 8, 2018 entitled "Diabetes and Depression in Lebanon and Association with Glycemic Control: a Cross-Sectional Study" was published on "The National Center for Biotechnology Information" website. The latter is a website managed by the US National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health that advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information. The article is based upon a study conducted on 436 diabetic patients in Lebanon and that examines links between Diabetes mellitus, "a chronic non-communicable disease characterized by hyperglycemia and is associated with chronic complications affecting the overall quality of life", glycemic control and depression. In the context, the International Diabetes Foundation estimates that in 2017, around 585 400 persons are diabetic in Lebanon whom amount to about 14.6% of the population. The study hence emphasizes, that with such a big number, the consequences of Diabetes which are "long-term complications affecting the retina of the eye, the nerves, and the kidneys, and may lead to higher risk of cardiac diseases or strokes", are of particular importance in Lebanon. The article says that the causes of Diabetes are due to "a result of many factors including obesity, sedentary life style, and genetic predisposition.5". Hence, dance may be an adequate solution in order to treat both the causes of Diabetes as sedentary life style and its effects as depression which was observed on 29% of the patients tested (notwithstanding the fact that depression may be, as well, a factor leading to diabetes). From one to another, a study of May 20, 2014, entitled ''Dance Therapy in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure: a Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis'' was conducted on 183 patients among them 62 patients who followed a dance therapy, 60 a classic exercise therapy and 61 as an observation group.
The results showed that the dance therapy patients, unlike the other patients, have enhanced their control over exercise capacity and improved their health-related quality of life. Let us note as well that the balance, the control over the body and the coordination of the movement procured by dancing help people at risk or suffering of osteoporosis to better manage the fragility: prevented falling, harmless falling, strengthened and stretched muscles.
On the other hand, the mental well-being includes primarily mental health. The latter is importantly affected by dance-related effects as dance may be, in some cases, a way to prevent and to cure mental health diseases. Preventing is preferable to curing would say the wise man. Well, dance does both ! A scientific article called ''White Matter Integrity Declined Over 6-Months, but Dance Intervention Improved Integrity of the Fornix of Older Adults'' was published in the journal Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience on March 16, 2017. Neuroscientifically Challenged is a website that defines the Fornix as ''a bundle of white matter fibers that arches around the thalamus. The fornix originates in the hippocampus, where it emerges from a collection of fibers called the fimbria. It then stretches up and around the thalamus toward the front of the brain'' and the White Matter as ''areas of the central nervous system'' mainly containing ''axons [or connections] and glial cells [or non-neuronal nervous system cells] '' in the brain. The neurodegeneration of the Fornix is associated to amnesia and Alzheimer disease. Thus, we can define the Fornix as being an essential component of the White Matter regarding its role linking to cognition abilities and memory. Moreover, hereof article mentioned that ''White Matter is considered one of the primary mechanisms underlying age-related cognitive slowing and memory decline (Gunning-Dixon and Raz, 2000; Madden et al., 2012)''. In other words, preserving White Matter integrity is to preserve cognitive performance which starts to decline at around 55 years old.
The study aforementioned which lasted for 6 months was tested on four groups of elderly people appointed at dance, walking, stretching or walking with nutrition. According to the organizers, ''Sessions were conducted in an appropriate dance space and were taught by experienced dance instructors. The choreographed dance combinations became progressively more challenging over the course of the 6-months program. Group social dance styles were selected (i.e., Contra and English Country dancing) to minimize lead-follow roles. Instead, these social dances required participants to move between partners during each dance. Each participant learned and alternated between two roles for each dance, increasing the cognitive challenge''. In brief, four indicators have been used in the experience: the Fractional Anisotropy (FA) which is associated, when abnormally low, to the loss of fiber integrity (Beaulieu, 2002), such as in Alzheimer's disease cases (Medina et al., 2006); Radial Diffusivity (RD),when abnormally high, is linked to White Matter degeneration (Song et al., 2003, 2005); Axial Diffusivity (AD) which relates to axonal integrity; and Mean Diffusivity (MD), which is, when abnormally high and when paralleled with RD and AD increases, is a sign of White Matter degeneration (Beaulieu et al., 1996; Beaulieu, 2002; Concha et al., 2006). The results were meaningful : ''FA in the fornix decreased in both Walking and the Stretching group, but in the Dance group increased on average by 0.68 × 10−2 (see figure below). […] RD and MD increased to a significantly lesser extent in the Dance group compared to all other''.
The study concludes by a particularly positive note for dance: dance implicates a multimodal stimulation of the brain including ''aerobic exercise, sensorimotor stimulation, and cognitive, visuospatial, social, and emotional engagement [… which is of] greater benefit for WM integrity than aerobic exercise alone (i.e., Walking and Walking + Nutrition). This is in line with recent findings that combined exercise and cognitive interventions have more benefit for cognitive, physical, and mental health in older population than each intervention alone (Oswald et al., 2006; Law et al., 2014; Bamidis et al., 2015; Lauenroth et al., 2016). Combined cognitive and physical interventions may also have more long-lasting effects (Rahe et al., 2015)''. The concrete consequences of such results on preventing and curing mental diseases are underlined by correlative studies that found that "ballroom dance has also been associated with a protective effective against dementia onset in older adults (Verghese et al., 2003) and reduced depression in community-dwelling older adults with depression (Haboush et al., 2006). Indeed, there is increasing interest in dance as a therapeutic intervention for various clinical groups (Dhami et al., 2015), such as in Parkinson's disease (McNeely et al., 2015) and dementia (Ballesteros et al., 2015; Adam et al., 2016)".
Finally, mental wellbeing is as well demonstrated through psychological wellbeing. In 2018, 300 000 million people suffer from depression according to the World Health Organization. First, dance helps fighting against depression and anxiety or state of distress. As referred to in the first paragraph of this paper, in the example referring to the article "Diabetes and Depression in Lebanon and Association with Glycemic Control: a Cross-Sectional Study", about the third of diabetics in Lebanon, around 585 400 persons, are potentially affected by depression in 2017. More globally, in Lebanon, about 693 659 persons or 17.3% of the population is depressive in 2017. Depression may lead to "low mood, not getting any pleasure from doing daily activities, and having weight and sleep changes, in addition to other symptoms". A study of September 23, 2009 entitled "Dance movement Therapy Improves Emotional Responses and Modulates Neurohormones in Adolescents with Mild Depression" was made on 40 Koreans who averaged 16 years old of age. The study tested a dance therapy on the students during twelve weeks in order to assess the eventual effects of dance on mild-depression state. An article published on greenmedinfo.com on February 5, 2018, commented the findings of the study: "Serotonin concentration increased from dancing, and dopamine levels decreased, suggesting that dance therapy may stabilize the sympathetic nervous system. Researchers concluded that dancing may "beneficially modulate" these important brain chemicals, and improve emotional health in sufferers of depression". Another similar study of June the first, 1984 entitled "Effects of Dance on Anxiety", examined the effects of modern dance on anxiety. The study which lasted for three months showed that dance training significantly reduced anxiety within the pilot group.
Second, dance may be a way to psychological rehabilitation and self-esteem reconstruction or enhancement. To illustrate, a study of August 28, 2018, entitled "Dance and Movement Program Improves Quality-of-Life Measures in Breast Cancer Survivors" was driven on 35 women who have benefited from a treatment in the first 5 years following the diagnosis of a breast cancer and who have survived it. The study observed women rehabilitation through dance therapy during a three months' program and concluded as follows: "the program that addressed the physical and emotional needs of women following treatment for breast cancer substantially improved a breast cancer-specific quality-of-life measure". In other words, the women were able through dancing to rebuild, to some extent, their self-esteem including a better perception of their body's image and self-confidence by assuming their body as is and by acknowledging others' acceptance. Third, simply to feel good energizes mental and even physical health. Socialization, contact with others, fun, and even effort, discipline and respect of rules provide a unique positive sensation. Per the study "Therapeutic values of dance movement and its influence on psychomotor development of deaf persons as a form of socialization and integration with the environment" (which title explains it all) published on January the first, 2002, young deaf people were brought through to participate in dance activities. As a result, their opinion and behavior were compiled at the end of the study: "The self-consciousness of participants after practice manifested itself by relaxation (50%), joy (30%), and resolution in taking decisions (15%)". An article of Markham Heid to the Time published on July 5, 2017, and entitled "Why dancing is the best thing you can do for your body" corroborates the same idea: "Touch is the first sense that emerges during infancy, and the more experts examine the benefits of massage, holding hands and other forms of human-to-human physical contact, the more they find that touching improves well-being and reduces stress and anxiety". This especially applies, in our opinion, in tango dancing where the "Abrazo" or embrace plays a key role in the movement. Tangueros and Tangueras (or tango dancers) have to be, through the connection and in such a subtle way, highly aware of the partner's body and energy. This will allow both quality and transcendence. Marcus Julian Felicetti underlines the main benefits of hugging each other in an article entitled "10 reasons why we need at least 8 hugs a day" that was published on August 10, 2012, on mindbodygreen.com. He assumes that, among others, a deep hug leads to a feeling of trust and safety, "instantly boosts oxytocin levels, which heals feelings of loneliness, isolation, and anger, lifts one's serotonin levels, elevating mood and creating happiness, [and] strengthens the immune system". During a milonga or tango soiree, eight hugs are the minimum guaranteed !
Fourth, music by itself has many benefits regarding mental health and especially psychological wellbeing. An article of Kendra Cherry entitled "10 Surprising Psychological Benefits of Music" published on November 18, 2018 on verywelmind.com summarizes these benefits. In brief, the article assumes, backed by scientific studies, that music can, among others, improve one's cognitive performance as increasing the processing speed or enhancing memory; reduce or help to manage stress; help eat less as in restaurants with soft-played music, people tend, in a relaxed setting, to be more aware of their fulfilled-state; help reduce and manage the pain, especially in the event of a surgical operation; help to sleep better, especially after listening to classical music for 45 minutes; and improve the mood and motivation, when playing fast-track music during sport exercises for example.
To conclude, dance combines many elements including the movement, the music, the place, often the contact with others and culture. Each element apart has its own benefits and its own character that can survive alone. However, dance is that magical stick that brings them all together and thus let them exhale their essence in an euphoric way. Through this paper, we tried to address and emphasize on the main benefits of dance. Those where divided into three: First the physical benefits of dance including benefits comparable to sports, benefits in contrast with sports and the sui generis benefits of dancing regarding curing and preventing physical diseases; second the mental health benefits of dance through a study published in the journal Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience that indicated that old persons where able to inhibit neurodegenerative effects due to age and to prevent diseases as Alzheimer and Dementia through dancing sessions; third, the psychological benefits of dance including the fight against depression and anxiety especially among young students, self-esteem reconstruction or enhancement especially for breast cancer (or other similar diseases) survivors, and last the feel-good sensation especially through human contact, socialization and music. These benefits travel across the body and spirit through dance. They actually show that when there are values emanating from the top of an activity as dance like respect, fun, commitment, effort, reward, smoothness, strength or gallantry, they can pop-up in such a sparkling way !
https://cary.aradiafitness.com/10-benefits-dance/
https://www.britannica.com/art/dance/The-aesthetics-of-dance
https://www.collective-evolution.com/2018/03/12/the-amazing-health-benefits-of-dancing/
http://time.com/4828793/dancing-dance-aerobic-exercise/
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-3371092/Desperate-lose-weight-DANCE-pounds-away-30-minute-classes-burn-calories-running-swimming.html
https://www.theargus.co.uk/news/14163029.Dancing_burns_more_calories_than_running___and_makes_you_happier/?ref=fbshr
https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/persons/nicholas-smeeton
http://www.greenmedinfo.com/article/dance-therapy-may-improve-peak-vo2-and-hrqol-patients-chronic-heart-failure
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2017.00059/full?&utm_source=Email_to_authors_&utm_medium=Email&utm_content=T1_11.5e1_author&utm_campaign=Email_publication&field=&journalName=Frontiers_in_Aging_Neuroscience&id=239011
https://www.frontiersin.org/files/Articles/239011/fnagi-09-00059-HTML/image_m/fnagi-09-00059-g002.jpg
https://www.neuroscientificallychallenged.com/blog/know-your-brain-fornix
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.2466/pms.1984.58.3.767
http://www.greenmedinfo.com/article/dance-and-movement-program-improves-quality-life-measures-breast-cancer-surviv
http://www.greenmedinfo.com/article/dance-movement-therapy-improves-emotional-responses-and-modulates-neurohormone
http://www.greenmedinfo.com/article/dance-movement-may-have-therapeutic-value-deaf-persons
https://www.mindbodygreen.com/0-5756/10-Reasons-Why-We-Need-at-Least-8-Hugs-a-Day.html
https://www.verywellmind.com/surprising-psychological-benefits-of-music-4126866
Dance or the Art of Meeting others
on 5 April، 2019 27 May، 2019 By scambalosa
Dance is an art, art of movement. Music, fluidity, listening to the partner and to the other dancers on the dance floor, technique, belief, practice, availability, modesty, comprehensiveness, precision and others are the key elements to release the magic of dancing. Art of movement comes out of a behavior that is dictated by prerequisites, specific rules and a specific practice of theses rules.
The prerequisites can be completed (and even modified) by dance either naturally or with increased effort. When the prerequisites marry dance with some natural ability, this means that the elements forming those as education, the character, personal experience and other factors are close to the inherited personality of dance that has been forged through centuries.
31st October 1933: Fred Astaire (1899 – 1987) and Claire Luce dance in the musical comedy 'Gay Divorce', at the Palace Theatre, London. Music by Cole Porter. It was made into a film the following year. (Photo by Sasha/Getty Images)
We can mention for example the way a person has been taught or has the natural tendency to behave with others and especially with a person of different gender. Let's say a dispute emerge in a couple regardless the reason. If the immediate reaction of one of them is to swear, shout or threaten the other in a confrontation paradigm, this would lead either to a dispute or to the domination of the other. To transpose the example to dance, let's say one of the partners misinterpret a given step. If the other partner stops virulently while dancing or tries to perform the step forcefully, this would lead either to a dispute or to tension and mistrust. Otherwise, improvising another step while continuing to dance or trying to know comprehensively the reasons of such a lost movement would increase trust and fluidity between the partners. Such a positive attitude is in our opinion very important for dance to provide pleasure and fun rather than to be a duty or a burden. Dance cannot be anyhow the expression of tensions but rather one of liberation. Anyway, such prerequisites have a big influence on the dancing process, especially while inviting or accompanying back a partner from the dance floor.
Rita Hayworth and Fred Astaire, 1941
Dance has its specific rules that are more or less strict depending on the phase at which we emphasize. At the invitation of the partner or when accompanying the partner back from the dance floor, these rules are smooth and they therefore leave a big room for the influence of the aforementioned prerequisites. The latter mostly depend on the social and cultural background of the dancers. If the background is overwhelmingly traditional, the invitation to the dance floor will stick to the initiative of the man and the response of the woman. This is apparently the system that is applied in conventional dancing as in competition. However, when dancing in soirees, practicas or other informal dancing events, another system, more easy-going, may apply. This system, in our opinion, is more adequate for social dancing. To explain, Cabaceo, which is especially known in Argentinean tango, is the way to invite a person to dance: By looking playfully at each other and by accepting the invitation through a nod or a blink. While, apparently, Cabaceo is a formal way to invite to dance, it shows in its essence a communication that is based on a linear relationship and not on a hierarchical one as in the previous system. Indeed, both the man and the woman can invite the other to be a partner for a dance. Moreover, tango dancers tend occasionally to invite same gender partners to ironically test the steps and the technique's requirements of the opposite gender. This non-rigid behavior, with the help of the adequate prerequisites, tends to facilitate and moderate the invitation to dance as well as to fulfill the desires of both partners at a given music or song and at a given time or mood.
Fred Astaire and Rita Hayworth
Thus, in our view, the invitation to the dance floor is more about meeting each other than about applying a rigid, predetermined and often inappropriate process commonly influenced by correlative prerequisites. From one to another, as the invitation is based upon meeting each other, it seems natural to accompany each other back to the sitting table. Concerning the rules related to the dances themselves, they are not as flexible as the prologue and the epilogue of such dances. More or less strict rules apply and training is necessary in order to improve and to provide quality while dancing.
Rules of dance do not come from nowhere. They come from the technique that enhances the most lead's clarity and steps' precision. In order to move in symbiosis with each other and in harmony with the music, some specific rules apply. Although, each category of dance, either standard dances or Latin dances in ballroom or Argentinean tango, has common rules within. For example, Latin dances are danced mostly on the toes while standard mostly on the heels. Argentinean tango stresses on the pivot of the body and on the dissociation between the chest and the hips. However, we shall not forget that each dance has its own identity.
For example, in the standard category, tango is sharp and jerky while waltz is about swaying and sliding. Whereas in the Latin category, samba is much about bouncing and kneel action while rumba for example is more about linear movement and hip action. However, knowing the rules and doing our best to apply them when dancing has to do as well with the prerequisites above. Thus, dance can be perceived as a case of a larger board. It is one continuity among others of the prerequisites that have somehow pushed us towards it. If we dance with passion, the art of movement can even lead to the mutation of such prerequisites in an on-going improvement and blossoming process.
To conclude, dance is complex until we try it. Dance is demanding until we test it. Dance is easy until we taste it. Dance requires a lot of control on the movement and a lot of attention on the music. Dance requires a certain behavior with the partner and with the other dancers that is dictated by prerequisites, specific rules and a given practice of these rules. As a result, in order to dance in harmony and to enjoy it, let us hear the body of our partner just as we listen to the music whispering to our ears.
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Mini 3D brain models could speed up search for MS treatments
Tiny 3-D models that mimic vital aspects of the human nervous system have been developed in a step that could accelerate drug research for neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS).
The millimetre-wide models – created using stem cells from human skin samples – will be used to study myelin, an insulating substance that helps nerve cells communicate with each other.
Researchers say the models are the most natural representation of human myelination developed in a lab and are a promising platform for studying neurological diseases and for testing drugs for conditions linked to myelin loss, including MS.
Nerve cells are found in the brain and the spinal cord and connect to each other with branch-like links called axons, which have an insulating coat similar to electric cabling. This insulating coat is called myelin, and it aids the electrical and chemical information flow between cells.
Damaged myelin underlies a number of neurological conditions including MS – an incurable disease affecting more than 100,000 people in the UK – and leads to a wide range of symptoms, including mobility issues, fatigue and vision problems.
Scientists at the University of Edinburgh's Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic and the Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research developed their human myelin model using skin samples donated by volunteers.
Skin cells were reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells, which can be turned into other cell types – in this case – spinal cord cells.
These cells were then grown slowly into organoids – 3-D structures of cell bundles including neurons and distinctive brain cells known as oligodendrocytes that are key to creating myelin.
Crucially, the researchers were able to see myelin developing spontaneously around the axons between cells within the organoids.
By looking at the axons under a microscope, they could see that the myelin in this model was functioning as it would in a healthy brain or spinal cord.
The research team then created an organoid using stem cells from a patient with a rare gene mutation that affects myelination. The model showed that key aspects of this cell bundle were consistent with the disease.
These new models will allow scientists to compare the differences between the cells of healthy individuals and those with different neurological diseases and to test drugs of interest in human cells before using them in a full clinical trial with patients.
The researchers hope that their model will overcome the challenges of studying the human brain and nervous system at the cellular level, which is extremely difficult due to problems accessing brain and spinal cord tissue without risk and huge inconvenience to patients.
The approach complements animal models, which can be limited in how they reflect human disease and the way that drugs interact with human cells.
The authors say the model is a significant step forward in the study of human myelination and drug development, but caution that treatments tested on this model are still some way from being offered to patients.
The study was funded by the Euan MacDonald Centre and is published in the journal Developmental Cell with DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.04.006. The research was carried out in collaboration with the UK Dementia Research Institute and the MS Society Centre for MS Research at the University of Edinburgh.
Lead researcher, Dr Owen Gwydion James, said: "Demyelinating disorders have a profound effect on the quality of life for patients. Now we have the capability of studying human myelination experimentally, a major goal is to identify drugs that can promote myelination. We believe that this new approach could be a huge boost to the toolbox that allows us to do this effectively."
Kate McAllister
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2021.04.006
Tags: Cell BiologyMedicine/HealthNeurobiology


text:
Download "OPERATING AND FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS. Subsequent Events"
Andrea Lawrence
1 Copa Holdings Reports Net Income of US$113.1 Million and EPS of US$2.57 for the First Quarter of 2015 Excluding special items, adjusted net income came in at US$106.0 million, or EPS of US$2.41 per share Panama City, Panama --- May 6, Copa Holdings, S.A. (NYSE: CPA), today announced financial results for the first quarter of 2015(1Q15). The terms Copa Holdings" or "the Company" refer to the consolidated entity. The following financial information, unless otherwise indicated, is presented in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). See the accompanying reconciliation of non-ifrs financial information to IFRS financial information included in financial tables section of this earnings release. Unless otherwise stated, all comparisons with prior periods refer to the first quarter of 2014 (1Q14). OPERATING AND FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS Copa Holdings reported net income of US$113.1 million for 1Q15, or diluted earnings per share (EPS) of US$2.57. Excluding special items, Copa Holdings would have reported an adjusted net income of US$106.0 million, or EPS of US$2.41 per share, a 30.4% decrease over adjusted net income of US$153.6 million and US$3.46 per share for 1Q14. Operating income for 1Q15 came in at US$127.3 million, a 28.1% decrease over operating income of US$177.0 million in 1Q14. Operating margin for the period came in at 20.1%, compared to 24.8% in 1Q14, as a result of lower unit revenues partially offset by lower unit costs. Total revenues decreased 11.5% to US$631.8 million. Yield per passenger mile decreased 16.2% to 14.8 cents and operating revenue per available seat mile (RASM) decreased 18.3% to 11.6 cents. Adjusting for an 8.5% increase in length of haul, yields and RASM decreased 12.7% and 14.9%, respectively. For 1Q14, passenger traffic (RPMs) grew 5.8% on a 8.3% capacity expansion. Consolidated load factor came in at 76.3%, 1.8 percentage points below 1Q14. Operating cost per available seat mile (CASM) decreased 13.2%, from 10.7 cents in 1Q14 to 9.3 cents in 1Q15 mainly due to lower jet fuel costs. CASM, excluding fuel, decreased 3.4% to 6.3 cents mainly due to lower sales related expenses and lower overhead expenses. Cash, short-term and long-term investments ended 1Q15 at US$1.16 billion, representing 44% of the last twelve months revenues. Of this amount, 41% or US$470.1 million was in Venezuela pending repatriation due to government currency controls. During the first quarter, Copa Airlines took delivery of one Boeing aircraft, and returned a leased Boeing As a result, Copa Holdings ended the quarter with a consolidated fleet of 98 aircraft. For 1Q15, Copa Holdings reported consolidated on-time performance of 90.0% and a flightcompletion factor of 99.5%, maintaining its position among the best in the industry. Subsequent Events On April 10, 2015, Copa Holdings signed an order with Boeing to purchase MAX aircraft, worth US$6.6 billion at Boeing list prices. The aircraft are expected to be delivered between 2018 and On June 15, 2015, Copa Holdings will pay its second quarter dividend of US$0.84 per share, on all outstanding Class A and Class B shares, to stockholders of record as of May 29, 2015.
2 Consolidated Financial & Operating Highlights 1Q15 1Q14 % Change 4Q14 % Change Revenue Passengers Carried ('000) 1,965 2, % 1, % RPMs (mm) 4,143 3, % 4, % ASMs (mm) 5,433 5, % 5, % Load Factor 76.3% 78.1% -1.8 p.p. 75.1% 1.2 p.p. Yield % % PRASM (US$ Cents) % % RASM (US$ Cents) % % CASM (US$ Cents) % % CASM Excl. Fuel (US$ Cents) % % Breakeven Load Factor (1) 60.0% 57.6% 2.4 p.p. 57.5% 2.5 p.p. Fuel Gallons Consumed (Millions) % % Avg. Price Per Fuel Gallon (US$ Dollars) % % Average Length of Haul (Miles) 2,109 1, % 2, % Average Stage Length (Miles) 1,247 1, % 1, % Departures 30,603 30, % 30, % Block Hours 97,530 91, % 97, % Average Aircraft Utilization (Hours) % % Operating Revenues (US$ mm) % % Operating Income (US$ mm) % % Operating Margin 20.1% 24.8% -4.7 p.p. 17.7% 2.4 p.p. Net Income (US$ mm) % % Adjusted Net Income (US$ mm) (1) % % EPS - Basic and Diluted (US$) % % Adjusted EPS - Basic and Diluted (US$) (1) % % # of Shares - Basic and Diluted ('000) 44,077 44, % 44, % (1) Breakeven Load Factor, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS for 1Q15, 1Q14, and 4Q14 exclude non-cash charges/gains associated with the mark-to-market of fuel hedges, and the impact of the Venezuelan currency devaluation. Note: Attached to this press release is a reconciliation of non-ifrs financial measures to the comparable IFRS measures. 2
3 MANAGEMENT S COMMENTS ON 1Q15 RESULTS Copa Holdings first quarter results reflect lower passenger yields driven in large part by the reduction in Venezuelan yields from the transition to all US dollar ticket sales, as well as demand weakness in other markets, particularly in South America, which were partially offset by a lower fuel expense and lower ex-fuel unit costs for the quarter. Total revenues decreased 11.5% to US$631.8 million during the quarter on capacity growth of 8.3%. Load factor came in at 76.3%, or 1.8 percentage points below 1Q14, while yields decreased 16.2% to 14.8 cents. As a result, passenger revenues per ASM (PRASM) decreased 18.2%, from 13.8 cents in 1Q14 to 11.3 cents in 1Q15. When adjusting for an 8.5% increase in length of haul, PRASM decreased 14.8% from 1Q14. Consolidated operating expenses for 1Q15 decreased 6.0% to US$504.6 million, while consolidated operating expenses per ASM (CASM) decreased 13.2% to 9.3 cents. Excluding fuel costs, unit costs decreased 3.4% to 6.3 cents, mainly as a result of lower sales related expenses and lower overhead expenses. Aircraft fuel expense decreased 22.7% or US$47.2 million compared to 1Q14, mostly as a result of lower fuel prices partially offset by increased capacity. The Company s effective jet fuel price, which includes a realized hedge loss of US$25.7 million in 1Q15 and a gain of US$2.8 million in 1Q14, decreased from an average of US$3.19 in 1Q14 to US$2.31 in 1Q15. For 1Q15, the Company had fuel hedges in place representing 32% of its consolidated volume. The Company has already hedged approximately 30% of its projected volume for 2Q15, 25% in 3Q15 and 20% in 4Q15. For 2016, the Company has hedged approximately 21% of its forecasted fuel consumption. The Company recorded a net non-operating income of US$0.8 million for 1Q15 compared to a net non-operating expense of US$3.3 million for 1Q14. For 1Q15, non-operating income (expense) included a fuel hedge mark-to-market gain of US$7.1 million compared to a fuel hedge mark-tomarket loss of US$3.4 million for 1Q14, and a US$3.3 million loss due to transactional and translational foreign currency devaluation by the end of the quarter, compared to a US$1.2 million gain related to appreciation of the Venezuelan Bolivar SICAD 1 rate in 1Q14. Copa Holdings closed the quarter with US$1.16 billion in cash, short-term and long-term investments, representing 44% of the last twelve months revenues. Of such cash, US$470.1 million is subject to exchange controls in Venezuela and pending repatriation. Cash, short-term and long-term investments excluding the funds pending repatriation from Venezuela represent approximately 26% of the last twelve months revenues. Total debt at the end of 1Q15 amounted to US$1.15 billion, all of which is related to aircraft and equipment financing. Copa Holdings first quarter results are the product of a solid and well executed business model based on the goal of operating the best and most convenient network for intra-latin America travel. Going forward, the Company will continue to strengthen its long-term competitive position by taking advantage of new growth opportunities and implementing initiatives to further strengthen its network and product. 3
4 OUTLOOK FOR 2015 For 2015, the Company updates its guidance as follows: Consolidated capacity growth at +/-6%, down from the previous guidance mainly as a result of capacity reductions in Brazil. Load factors are now expected to come in at +/-75% as a result of overall weaker demand. Unit revenues (RASM) are expected to come in at +/-11.4 cents, primarily due to weaker currencies and the economic outlook for South America. Unit costs excluding fuel, or CASM ex-fuel, are expected to come in lower at +/-6.5 cents due to lower passenger and sales related expenses, and cost efficiencies. Factored into the current guidance is an estimated effective price per gallon of jet fuel, including the effect of current hedge contracts and into-plane costs, of US$2.45 per gallon. As a result, the Company is projecting an operating margin in the range of 14% to16% for Full Year Full Year 2014 Financial Outlook Revised Prior Reported Capacity - ASM Growth +/-6% +/-7% 9.5% Average Load Factor +/-75% +/-76% 76.7% RASM (cents) +/ / CASM Ex-fuel (cents) +/-6.5 +/ Operating Margin 14-16% 16-18% 19.8% CONSOLIDATED FIRST QUARTER RESULTS Operating revenue Copa Holdings operating revenue for 1Q15 totaled US$631.8 million, an 11.5% decrease over operating revenue of US$713.6 million in 1Q14. This decrease was primarily due to a 11.3% or US$78.5 million decrease in passenger revenue. Passenger revenue. For 1Q15 passenger revenue totaled US$613.5 million, an 11.3% decrease over passenger revenue of US$692.0 million in 1Q14. Passenger yield decreased 16.2% to 14.8, while load factor decreased 1.8 percentage points to 76.3%, which resulted in an 18.2% decrease in passenger revenue per ASM (PRASM). Cargo, mail and other. Cargo, mail and other revenue totaled US$18.3 million in 1Q15, a 15.3% decrease over cargo, mail and other of US$21.6 million in 1Q14. Operating expenses For 1Q15, consolidated operating expenses decreased 6.0% to US$504.6 million, representing operating cost per available seat mile (CASM) of 9.3 cents. CASM, excluding fuel costs, decreased 3.4% to 6.3 cents. An overview of the major variances on a consolidated basis follows: 4
5 Aircraft fuel. For 1Q15, aircraft fuel totaled US$160.8 million, a US$47.2 million or 22.7% decrease over aircraft fuel of US$208.0 million in 1Q14. This decrease was primarily a result of a 27.5% decrease in the average price per gallon of jet fuel (all-in), which averaged US$2.31 in 1Q15 as compared to US$3.19 in 1Q14, and was partially offset by a 6.6% increase in gallons consumed. The all-in average price per gallon of jet fuel for 1Q15 includes a US$25.7 million fuel hedge loss, compared to a US$2.8 million gain in 1Q14. Excluding the effect of fuel hedge gains for both periods, fuel prices decreased 39.9%, from US$3.23 per gallon in 1Q14 to US$1.94 in 1Q15. Salaries and benefits. For 1Q15, salaries and benefits totaled US$78.0 million, a 5.5% increase over salaries and benefits of US$74.0 million in 1Q14. The main driver was an increase in operating headcount to support additional capacity, as well as the full-year effect of salary adjustments. Passenger servicing. For 1Q15, passenger servicing totaled US$66.1 million, a 3.2% increase over passenger servicing of US$64.1 million in 1Q14. This increase resulted from the growth in operations. Commissions. For 1Q15, commissions totaled US$26.0 million, a 0.6% decrease over commissions of US$26.1 million in 1Q14. This decrease was primarily a result of a lower revenue base, partly offset by a higher average commission rate. Reservations and sales. Reservations and sales totaled US$21.5 million, a 9.9% decrease over reservation and sales of US$23.9 million in 1Q14. This decrease was primarily a result of a lower revenue base and lower sales related taxes due to the revenue mix. Maintenance, material and repairs. For 1Q15, maintenance, material and repairs totaled US$25.7 million, a 3.9% increase over maintenance, material and repairs of US$24.7 million in 1Q14. This increase was mainly due to the increase in flight hours. Depreciation. Depreciation totaled US$31.5 million in 1Q15, a 13.1% increase over depreciation of US$27.8 million in 1Q14. This increase was primarily driven by the full-year effect of four additional aircraft from 2014 and maintenance events. Flight operations, aircraft rentals, landing fees and other rentals. Combined, flight operations, aircraft rentals, landing fees and other rentals increased 11.0% from US$69.7 million in 1Q14 to US$77.3 million in 1Q15, primarily as a result of an increase in departures and additional aircraft rentals. Other. Other expenses totaled US$17.6 million, a decrease of US$0.6 million from 1Q14. This was primarily a result of a reduction in other general administrative expenses. Non-operating income (expense) Consolidated non-operating income (expense) totaled a net non-operating income of US$0.8 million in 1Q15, compared to a net expense of US$3.3 million in 1Q14. Interest expense. Interest expense totaled US$7.6 million in 1Q15, a 7.0% increase from interest expense of US$7.1 million in 1Q14, as a result of a higher effective interest rate and outstanding debt balance related to recent aircraft deliveries. Interest income. Interest income totaled US$6.3 million, a 68.0% increase over interest income of US$3.7 million in 1Q14. 5
6 Other, net. Other, net totaled a net gain of US$2.1 million in 1Q15, compared to a net gain of US$0.1 million in 1Q14. Other, net, for 1Q15, consists mainly of a fuel hedge mark-tomarket gain of US$7.1 million and a US$3.3 million loss due to transactional and translational foreign currency devaluation, compared to a fuel hedge mark-to-market loss of US$3.4 million and a US$1.2 million gain on the Venezuelan Bolivar for 1Q14. About Copa Holdings: Copa Holdings is a leading Latin American provider of passenger and cargo services. The Company, through its operating subsidiaries, provides service to 73 destinations in 30 countries in North, Central and South America and the Caribbean with one of the youngest and most modern fleets in the industry, consisting of 98 aircraft: 72 Boeing 737NG aircraft and 26 EMBRAER-190s. For more information visit: CONTACT: Copa Holdings S.A. Investor Relations: Ph: (507) (IR section) This release includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of Such forward-looking statements are based on current plans, estimates and expectations, and are not guarantees of future performance. They are based on management s expectations that involve a number of business risks and uncertainties, any of which could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by the forward-looking statements. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement. The risks and uncertainties relating to the forward-looking statements in this release are among those disclosed in Copa Holdings filed disclosure documents and are, therefore, subject to change without prior notice. 6
7 Copa Holdings, S.A. Income Statement - IFRS (US$ Thousands) Unaudited Unaudited % Unaudited % 1Q15 1Q14 Change 4Q14 Change Operating Revenues Passenger Revenue 613, , % 649, % Cargo, mail and other 18,323 21, % 21, % Total Operating Revenue 631, , % 670, % Operating Expenses Aircraft fuel 160, , % 194, % Salaries and benefits 78,022 73, % 81, % Passenger servicing 66,142 64, % 70, % Commissions 25,988 26, % 25, % Reservations and sales 21,500 23, % 23, % Maintenance, material and repairs 25,709 24, % 23, % Depreciation 31,464 27, % 31, % Flight operations 33,346 31, % 34, % Aircraft rentals 30,245 25, % 30, % Landing fees and other rentals 13,748 13, % 13, % Other 17,601 18, % 23, % Total Operating Expense 504, , % 552, % Operating Income 127, , % 118, % Non-operating Income (Expense): Interest expense (7,590) (7,094) 7.0% (7,940) -4.4% Interest income 6,275 3, % 6, % Other, net 2, n/m (81,867) n/m Total Non-Operating Income/(Expense) 768 (3,291) % (83,427) % Income before Income Taxes 128, , % 35, % Provision for Income Taxes 14,926 22, % (516) n/m Net Income 113, , % 35, % EPS - Basic and Diluted % % Shares - Basic and Diluted 44,077,111 44,402, % 44,354, % 7
8 Copa Holdings, S.A. Balance Sheet - IFRS (US$ Thousands) March 31, December 31, Current Assets: ASSETS (Unaudited) (Audited) Cash and cash equivalents $ 220,409 $ 221,443 Short-term investments 380, ,160 Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments 601, ,603 Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts 138, ,258 Accounts receivable from related parties Expendable parts and supplies, net of allowance for obsolescence 61,891 59,954 Prepaid expenses 61,818 56,793 Other current assets 6,455 5,949 Total Current Assets 870,434 1,011,449 Long-term investments 558, ,802 Property and Equipment: Owned property and equipment: Flight equipment 2,776,098 2,725,407 Other equipment 94,337 89,257 2,870,435 2,814,664 Less: Accumulated depreciation (651,761) (630,503) 2,218,674 2,184,161 Purchase deposits for flight equipment 324, ,175 Total Property and Equipment 2,543,139 2,505,336 Other Assets: Net pension asset 13,473 13,784 Goodwill 18,928 20,380 Intangible asset 38,506 36,915 Deferred tax Assets 12,985 17,235 Other assets 86,307 88,973 Total Other Assets 170, ,287 Total Assets $ 4,142,063 $ 4,090,874 Current Liabilities: LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDER'S EQUITY Current maturities of long-term debt $ 206,544 $ 187,646 Accounts payable 115, ,412 Accounts payable to related parties 10,625 6,749 Air traffic liability 382, ,012 Taxes and interest payable 67,030 58,554 Accrued expenses payable 76,412 85,847 Other current liabilities 98, ,277 Total Current Liabilities 957, ,497 Non-Current Liabilities: Long-term debt 943, ,964 Post employment benefits liability 11,834 11,262 Other long-term liabilities 66,508 57,747 Deferred tax liabilities 31,775 36,296 Total Non-Current Liabilities 1,053,120 1,034,269 Total Liabilities 2,010,120 2,015,766 Shareholders' Equity: Class A - 33,451,370 issued and 32,977,353 outstanding 20,923 20,859 Class B - 10,938,125 shares issued and outstanding 7,466 7,466 Additional paid in capital 54,562 53,486 Treasury Stock (36,274) (18,426) Retained earnings 2,084,253 2,011,485 Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 1, Total Shareholders' Equity 2,131,943 2,075,108 Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity $ 4,142,063 $ 4,090,874 8
9 NON-IFRS FINANCIAL MEASURE RECONCILIATION This press release includes the following non IFRS financial measures: CASM Excluding Fuel, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS. This supplemental information is presented because we believe it is a useful indicator of our operating performance and is useful in comparing our performance with other companies in the airline industry. These measures should not be considered in isolation, and should be considered together with comparable IFRS measures, in particular operating income and net income. The following is a reconciliation of these non-ifrs financial measures to the comparable IFRS measures: Reconciliation of Net Income Excluding Special Items 1Q15 1Q14 4Q14 Net income as Reported $113,121 $151,357 $35,925 Special Items (adjustments): Unrealized (gain) loss on fuel hedging instruments 7,115 (3,373) (89,058) (Loss) gain due to devaluation of Venezuelan Bolivar (36) 1,178 (350) Adjusted Net Income $106,043 $153,553 $125,333 Shares used for Computation (in thousands) Basic and Diluted 44,077 44,403 44,355 Adjusted earnings per share - Basic and Diluted Reconciliation Operating Costs per ASM Excluding Fuel and Special Items 1Q15 1Q14 4Q14 Operating Costs per ASM as Reported Aircraft fuel per ASM (3.0) (4.1) (3.6) Operating Costs per ASM excluding fuel
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In 1Q18, Brazil s #1 airline achieves a 17% EBIT margin and grows net revenues by 14% Operating income for the first quarter doubled, reaching R$504 million São Paulo, May 9, 2018 - ( GOL or Company ),


Any VirtueMart update should be made on a backup copy of your site - never on a live site. This allows you to ensure that changes in the VirtueMart code or templating do not affect your site functions, and if they do, to apply any necessary template changes.
Virtuemart 1.1 and 2.0 are COMPLETELY different generations. It is a migration, not an upgrade.


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Sandbox for C++/CppCMS/Boost/Node.js

## Lection 1: Setting up C++ Development

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Highlights from top 2021 KELOLAND News investigations
SIOUX FALLS, S.D. (KELO) — From cases of fraud to sex abuse to accountability in government programs and with state officials, 2021 was a major year for KELOLAND News Investigations. Here are the highlights from Angela Kennecke's reports, including two investigations that were nominated for Upper Midwest Emmy Awards.
KELOLAND Investigates kicked off 2021 with a report called "Payback Time," which brought you the stories of people who were told they had to pay back unemployment benefits they collected during the pandemic.
The South Dakota Department of Labor claimed it overpaid $2.7 million in unemployment benefits and was demanding the money back.
"I don't know anyone who it wouldn't be a hardship on to get an unexpected $10,000 bill in the mail," Haigh said.
Jena Haigh won on appeal and only had to pay back $35. Sarah Knutson, who was told she owed nearly $6,000, will only have to pay back $1,035. on appeal.
Fake Farms: The New Cash Crop
In March, KELOLAND Investigates tracked down dozens of cases of fraud in a Small Business Administration program called the Emergency Injury Disaster Loans or EIDL for short. In South Dakota, nearly 8,000 businesses received $463.5 million. But KELOLAND Investigates uncovered that some of those businesses turned out to be fake farms with addresses smack dab in the middle of South Dakota towns.
Angela Kennecke: So is this Beth…
SEC warns investors against new Ponzi scheme – New Telegraph Newspaper
Urgent IRS warning over Christmas and New Years charity scams


The OSHA 30-Hour General Industry Program provides training for workers and employers on the recognition, avoidance, abatement, and prevention of safety and health hazards in workplaces. The program also provides information regarding workers' rights and employer responsibilities. This is a voluntary program and does not meet training requirements for any specific OSHA standards.
This 30-hour class is appropriate for owners, supervisors or workers with safety responsibility. Through this training, employers help to ensure that workers are more knowledgeable about workplace hazards and applicable standards, their rights, and contribute to our nation's productivity.
Upon completion of the course, attendees will receive a certification card from the Safety Council of Northwest Ohio and OSHA.
Successful completion demonstrates an effort towards voluntary compliance with all applicable OSHA standards and can be to your advantage in an OSHA inspection.
* You will benefit from receiving an official certification card from OSHA and an official certificate indicating you have successfully completed the course requirements.
* If an OSHA inspector arrives at your worksite, this card will demonstrate an effort towards voluntary compliance with applicable OSHA standards.
* You will receive a comprehensive text covering the 1910 standards.
Non-members $650 per person, no discount for mutiple attendee's.
Cancellations less than 24- hours in advance are responsible for the full registration fees and payments will not be refunded. Substitutions may be made at any time.


FREE Limerick car parking for shoppers and visitors this Christmas.
Hundreds of FREE Limerick car parking spaces will be available starting this weekend for shoppers and visitors to Limerick city centre this Christmas.
Following on from the success of the scheme in 2017, Limerick City and the County Council have provided hundreds of additional free car parking spaces with the Park & Strides and Park & Rides scheme available around the city. The FREE Park & Strides scheme will operate from 9 am to 9 pm each day with security provided on site. These spaces are within a short walk of the shopping districts in the city centre, making the city an ideal place to visit during the festive period.
Other new sites open for parking this year include the Irish Rail Depot, Great National South Court Hotel in Raheen and University of Limerick.
These extra spaces along with the Cleeve's site on O'Callaghan Strand and the Council's own car park at Merchant's Quay will mean shoppers and visitors to the city will be able to park for free.
The Cleeve's Site opens on the 7 December and will remain open daily until New Year's Eve inclusive.
The Limerick City and County Council Car Park, accessed via Nicholas Street, will operate on the 8, 9,15, 16, 22 and 23 December, as well as on Christmas Eve inclusive.
The Irish Rail Depot on Roxboro Road will be open on this Saturday and Sunday the 8 and 9 December and then daily from the 15 December to Christmas Eve inclusive.
The University of Limerick Park & Ride will be operating on Saturday and Sunday for the next three weekends.
The Park & Ride at the Great National South Court Hotel, Raheen operates on the 8, 9, 16, 22, and 23 December from 9 am to 9 pm.
All Park & Ride and Park & Stride locations will be signposted for visitors.
Motorists using the Park & Rides can board the regular Bus Éireann scheduled services 304, 304A and 301 from Raheen. A real-time information app can be downloaded from the National Transport Authority, and Leap Cards can be used for the best bus fares.
In Abbeyfeale, Kilmallock and Newcastle West, motorists will get an extra two hours free parking in each of the towns from 2.30pm daily from 7 until 31 December inclusive. They already have their first hour free.
As always, parking in the city centre is available on-street and in multi-storey car parks. On-street car parking is free after 5.30pm daily and is always free on Sundays. For payments, download the Limerick e-parking app, or pay by phone or disc.
Toots Christmas Train – Hop on board the award-winning 'Toots the Train' and travel through the heart of the city and experience the festive sights and sounds and the Christmas lights! Every Fri, Sat & Sun until 23rd Dec.
King John's Castle Magical Christmas – Why not visit Santa Claus and all his friends who have come to live within the magnificent castle walls for their weekends on the 8, 9, 15, 16, and 20 – 23 December.
Limerick Unwrapped – Join Celia Holman-Lee for some inspiration and gift ideas showcasing the best of fashion, jewellery, accessories and gifts from local Limerick stores. At Bowes Ryan Café, Arthur's Quay, and Alex Findlater & Co, O'Connell St, Limerick on 7 December and Sodalicious, Lower Cecil St and The Savoy Bar, Savoy Hotel on 8th Dec.
The Gingerbread Factory and Santa's Postbox – at the Hunt Museum. You can make your own gingerbread while enjoying a hot chocolate before writing your all-important letter to Santa and posting it in the Big Green Post Box. Every Fri, Sat & Sun until 23rd Dec.
Limerick on Ice – Enjoy the magic of real ice at Ireland's longest established ice-rink Arthur's Quay Park until 6th Jan.
Santa's Christmas Postbox – on Cecil Street is in place weekdays from 9.30am to 5.30pm and from 1 pm to 5 pm on Sundays until the 23rd Dec. Christmas Letter Forms are available from shops along Lower Cecil Street or can be downloaded from An Post's website www.anpost.ie/AnPost/Letters+to+Santa.htm.
Christmas at the Milk Market and the Christmas Market on Cruises Street – Soak up the atmosphere with local artisan traders showcasing the wonderful handmade craft, art, horticultural produce and seasonal treats. Milk Market: 14th – 16th Dec and 21st – 24th Dec. Cruises Street: 16th – 24th Dec.
Musical Treats – sponsored by Savins. Bedford Row will be filled with festive cheer as colourful street performers and musicians entertain live from the vintage caravan stage on the 8th Dec.
Winter Busking Competition – on Upper William Street. Sample some of the best sounds around as musicians and bands compete for one afternoon only on the 8th Dec.
Santas – A host of magical Santas across Limerick including Newcastle West: 8th, 15th, 16th, 20th, 22nd Dec, Lough Gur on 8th, 9th, 15th, 16th Dec, Kilfinane on 9th Dec and Stonehall: 1st to 22nd Dec.
Christmas Racing Festival – in Limerick's Racecourse – the four-day traditional festival is the ideal place to continue the celebrations in style from 26th Dec.
The Christmas in Limerick programme is being coordinated by Limerick City and County Council's Culture & Arts Department and the Marketing & Communications Department.
Gold Sponsors – Arthurs Quay Shopping Centre, King John's Castle/ Shannon Heritage, Specsavers, SuperValue.
Silver Sponsors – Brown Thomas, Caherdavin and District Credit Union, Limerick Chamber.
Bronze Sponsors – Alex Findlater & Co, Centra, O'Connell St., The Hunt Cafe, Retail Excellence Ireland, Savins, Shannon Airport.
Media Partners are Limerick's Live 95fm, Limerick Post, Limerick Leader, Spin SouthWest.


College India dating is fun for many reasons. The primary reason is since its college and subsequent reason is that majority of the college women are gorgeous. I went to college at Delhi University and I can explain you that I had the time of my life there. It was enjoyable and if I could return in time to achieve it again I would.


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How to Watch Every College Football Bowl Game For Free
Whether you're looking to tune in for college football playoff classics like the Rose Bowl or newer additions like the Bahamas Bowl, we've got you covered
The Best True Crime Movies and Series to Stream Now
By Oriana Schwindt
We're truly living in a Golden Age of True Crime TV. But how do you know what's really worth your time? We've got you.
Tech Support Options for Help With Troubleshooting
By Satta Sarmah Hightower
Whether it's setting up a new tablet or troubleshooting a finicky Wi-Fi connection, every day parents across America lean on their kids for tech help. In fact, 30-40% of parents have learned how to use the computer and internet from their kids. But even if you aren't a digital
7 Movies to Stream With the Family This Holiday
Grab a blanket and cozy up with the family for a holiday movie marathon. With some more than a half-century old, these family holiday films never go out of style.
Stream These Classic Christmas Specials from Your Favorite TV Series
There's nothing like watching your favorite TV shows as they celebrate the holidays right along with you. Below are 10 worthwhile Christmas specials from some of the most popular TV series of the past few decades."Friends: The One with the Holiday Armadillo"Season 7, Episode 10When Ross's son Ben comes
18 of the Best Yule Log Videos on YouTube
By Tina Charles
Warm up by the virtual fireplace with these yule logs and fun alternatives.
9 Hallmark Original Christmas Movies to Watch This Year
Hallmark original holiday movies only come once a year, and if you're reading this, you know why we're excited
All 5 "Home Alone" Movies Ranked from Worst to Best
When it comes to Christmas movies, "Home Alone" is a certified classic. Universally beloved, this franchise spans nearly two decades, though you may not realize that there are a total of five—yes, five "Home Alone" movies. It's the series that gave us Macaulay Culkin's legendary hands-on-face pose, and iconic lines
5 Tips to Get a Stronger Wi-Fi Signal From Your Router
By Katherine Goldman
There's nothing more frustrating than a connection that's not cutting it. When the Wi-Fi slows down, check out these tips and tricks to get back up to speed.
Finding Balance with Children and Electronic Devices
By Laura Dorwart
"Our baby won't need any screen time at all. We'll just be emotionally and physically present with her every moment," I said, probably smiling serenely (and smugly) as a first-time mom-to-be.Like many parents, my husband and I were in for a surprise. Ours was a classic first-time parent promise
internetkids and techsecurity
Top Apps for Guilt-Free Screen Time for Kids
The Advantages of Gig Speed for Gaming
Working From Home? A Gigabit Connection Is One of the Best Things You Can Get
Alina Labrada
Alina is a multilingual journalist and writer with decades of experience covering events spannin...
Julia Kindree
Julia is all for getting her snorkel and flippers to dive into the best stories and content. Fro...
Jennifer Gregory
Jennifer Goforth Gregory has been a freelancer for over 10 years. She specializes in technology ...
Lisa Lewis is an Entertainment and Culture writer focusing on the intersection of storytelling a...
Sue Marek
Sue Marek is a Denver-based freelance writer that has been reporting on the telecom and tech ind...


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News tagged with ethnic groups
Facial recognition: research reveals new abilities of 'super-recognisers'
Do you never forget a face? Are you one of those people who can spot the same nameless extras across different TV programmes and adverts? Are you the family member always called on to identify or match faces in old photographs? ...
Americans need to tackle youth obesity: US task force
(HealthDay)—Childhood obesity is such a crisis in America that officials have been updating recommendations for how early intervention should begin.
CDC study breaks down diabetes risk for hispanic, asian subgroups
(HealthDay)—There are significant differences in rates of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes between subgroups of Hispanic and Asian Americans, a federal government study finds.
Racial/ethnic differences in mortality for dialysis patients in US territories and states
A recent analysis found differences in mortality rates for various racial/ethnic groups among patients undergoing dialysis in the U.S. territories vs. the 50 U.S. states. The findings, which appear in an upcoming issue of ...
Tramadol is an odd, unpredictable opioid, scientists say
Scientists who've studied the curious chemistry of the opioid tramadol use an array of adjectives to describe it: "unpredictable," "messy," "crazy."
CDC: Nearly half of TBI-related deaths categorized as intentional
(HealthDay)—From 2015 to 2017, 44 percent of traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related deaths were categorized as intentional injuries, according to research published in the Nov. 22 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control ...
Debunking common misperceptions of Asian community health
Asian Americans have higher or faster-growing rates of cancer of various kinds—including breast cancer and cervical cancer—than any other ethnic group, yet often don't receive the necessary medical treatment. Common misperceptions ...
Study examines theory on menopause age and symptom severity
A recent theory states that women enter menopause at different ages and have varying extents of symptoms due in part to residence patterns after marriage—or whether couples disperse to live with paternal or maternal kin. ...
ADHD rates doubled among U.S. adults over 10 years
(HealthDay)—If the latest statistics are any indication, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is no longer an issue for children only.
Increase seen in opioid-, synthetic opioid-involved OD deaths
(HealthDay)—From 2015 to 2017, there were increases in opioid-involved and synthetic opioid-involved overdose drug rates in nearly all racial/ethnic groups, according to research published in the Nov. 1 issue of the U.S. ...
An ethnic group is a group of humans whose members identify with each other, through a common heritage that is real or presumed.
Ethnic identity is further marked by the recognition from others of a group's distinctiveness and the recognition of common cultural, linguistic, religious, behavioural ,, as indicators of contrast to other groups.
Ethnicity is an important means through which people can identify themselves. According to "Challenges of Measuring an Ethnic World: Science, politics, and reality", a conference organised by Statistics Canada and the United States Census Bureau (April 1–3, 1992), "Ethnicity is a fundamental factor in human life: it is a phenomenon inherent in human experience." However, many social scientists, like anthropologists Fredrik Barth and Eric Wolf, do not consider ethnic identity to be universal. They regard ethnicity as a product of specific kinds of inter-group interactions, rather than an essential quality inherent to human groups. Processes that result in the emergence of such identification are called ethnogenesis. Members of an ethnic group, on the whole, claim cultural continuities over time. Historians and cultural anthropologists have documented, however, that often many of the values, practices, and norms that imply continuity with the past are of relatively recent invention.
According to Thomas Hylland Eriksen, until recently the study of ethnicity was dominated by two distinct debates. One is between "primordialism" and "instrumentalism". In the primordialist view, the participant perceives ethnic ties collectively, as an externally given, even coercive, social bond. The instrumentalist approach, on the other hand, treats ethnicity primarily as an ad-hoc element of a political strategy, used as a resource for interest groups for achieving secondary goals such as, for instance, an increase in wealth, power or status. This debate is still an important point of reference in Political science, although most scholars' approaches fall between the two poles.
The second debate is between "constructivism" and "essentialism". Constructivists view national and ethnic identities as the product of historical forces, often recent, even when the identities are presented as old. Essentialists view such identities as ontological categories defining social actors, and not themselves the result of social action.
According to Eriksen, these debates have been superseded, especially in anthropology, by scholars' attempts to respond to increasingly politicised forms of self-representation by members of different ethnic groups and nations. This is in the context of debates over multiculturalism in countries, such as the United States and Canada, which have large immigrant populations from many different cultures, and post-colonialism in the Caribbean and South Asia.


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Jon Bartel Interview
by cedarthoughts	on January 4, 2018 January 4, 2018
How'd you get hooked up with Twang N' Bang Records? They've got a hell of a roster.
Twang N Bang is run by a local musician / promoter named Patrick Hayes. I met Pat about 10 years ago when we were both playing in very different bands- I was mangling a fiddle in a string band and Pat was fronting a group called Pennyjar (motto: "we've never heard of you either.") We played a few incredibly drunken, disaster-ridden shows together and became friends. In 2011 or so, Pat started organizing a twice-yearly festival that featured a mashup of local country and punk bands. It was called Twang N Bang Fest and I think the label idea was born when he started putting out compilation albums comprised of songs by the bands playing. Eventually I joined an alt/country/rock band called American Dirt and we asked Pat if he would record our first EP at his studio at the time, called "Cocks Lodge," which is still the best studio name ever. We put out that EP and 2 full length records on Twang N Bang. When I started The Creston Line a couple years ago, Pat played bass for a bit and agreed to put out our first couple recordings. The TNB family is pretty incestous, actually- I've filled in here and there on lead guitar in Pat's latest dystopian country band, The Dead Volts, and Brenneth is a pretty integral non-official member of the Turkey Buzzards. My buddies Dave and Brian from the American Dirt days have a cool thing going called The 40 Hour Work Week… it's a fun group of depressed songwriters to be a part of.
I saw that you are already recording some new tunes. When can we expect those to drop?
Probably sometime in the next 6 months to 2 years. Ha Ha. The material for the next record is mostly written at this point, and right now I'm busy demoing it, trying to figure out arrangements, etc. before we start recording. I record all our music in my studio, for better or worse, so sometimes I get stuck in the "I have infinite time" quagmire. All the new stuff pretty much deals with this huge battle with anxiety and booze that I've been fighting over the past year or so… I'm not sure if it's a battle I'm winning or losing, but writing about it seems to help. It's going to be a little weirder sonically than the last couple records, I think, a little more lyrically dense. I'm shooting for something between "A Man Needs a Maid" and "Grave Dancer's Union." Overall my goal is to put out a new full length record by the summer. We'll see.
What's an artist / band from your neck of the woods that folks in the midwest should be checking out?
Two come to mind immediately. The first is The Mutineers. They actually just bailed out for rural Washington state, but they've been good friends and a staple of the Central California music scene for a while. Killer husband/wife duo who do a sort of Pogues by way of White Stripes thing mixed with a healthy dose of late-era Vegas Elvis.
On the stranger end of things, I'm a huge fan of this band called Arthur Watership– and not just because Taylor and Adam (our drummer and guitar player) front the band! They are just great… really different. I watched them suck all the oxygen out of Hotel Cafe in LA one night and it was awesome. Audiences have no idea what to do with them… medieval style Viola DiGamba mixed with jazz/noise guitars, upright bass, skittery drums and some downright terrifying harmony work. It's like watching Tori Amos tenderly hatefuck Nick Drake. I'm probably not doing a very good job of selling it… they are making a new record right now but they have some stuff on Bandcamp that was recorded in a bathtub.
I saw you and Brenneth grew up with one another. How'd the rest of the band come together?
Originally Bren and I were just doing a duo thing that we called The Shots, with him on pedal steel and me on guitar. We decided to put together a full band and cycled through a bunch of buddies who sort of stepped in to jam here and there, but by the time we recorded our EP in early 2016 we had a solid lineup that included Kirk, our current bass player, who I met a while back when I used to sit in on fiddle with his country band. Kirk cut his teeth working as a tape op and engineer in some old analog LA studios back in the day, and we became friends when he started helping me put together a studio at my place, primarily with the goal of recording my own music. At the time on drums we had a guy named Alex from a band called Goodnight Texas who I met when I was booking shows at a local venue. Alex's twin brother Adam moved to the area around the time we were finishing up mixing the EP, and he started sitting in at some shows on guitar. He became an integral part of the band pretty quickly- he and Brenneth have pretty different lead styles, and both can shred tastefully, which is rare in my experience. It took about 10 seconds the first time he jammed with us for me to realize that it was going to be one of the great privileges of my life to have those guys on stage together playing my songs. After we put out the EP, Alex the drummer left to become a Triple A umpire (which is rad) and Taylor Belmore, our current drummer, took over the throne. She is, as the old joke goes, both a drummer AND a musician which makes her perfect for the band… she's got a really nice sense of how the song should flow and adapt to the stage / crowd / alcohol level, which is something we're far more interested in than playing stuff the same way every night. I met Taylor when she was recording some backing vocals at my studio with a band from San Francisco who later started a BB gun fight in my control room.
You walk into a gas station for a beverage and a snack. What do you walk out with?
La Croix and a granola bar. I'm boringly healthy these days. Plus ramen noodles make my anxiety worse for some unknown reason. Brenneth is a chemist and tried to explain it to me scientifically once but I was lost and driving us through Portland and I don't remember what he said.
Seems like your a man who appreciates a sad song. What songwriter(s) hit ya square in the chest when you listen to them?
Number one has to be John Moreland- that guy is just a master of the sad song. I got to open for him a few times, which was amazing, and the first night I found out that my best friend from childhood (and the subject of 1992 and Blood Brothers on our new record) had just shot himself to death. John opened with Blacklist about 4 minutes after I got the call and I just lost it. Then he played Cherokee.
Ryan Adams is a close second- I know I'm probably in the minority with this opinion but I think that both Demolition and 29 are fantastic records and both those are sad as shit. Also, The Eels make me feel lonely in the right way. I guess this list wouldn't be complete without Jeff Buckley, though I can never tell if his songs are actually sad or if I'm just nostalgic for the time in my life when I was listening to Grace on repeat.
When can we expect that Twang Pollution to hit the great state of Wisconsin?
Oh man. I'd love to make it out there this summer… We'll see. Is there a way to do this without having to drive through Nebraska?
Listen to The Creston Line's Latest LP "Vagabonds" here:
That's what we do, we share:
Atascadero Music
Jon Bartel
Patrick Hayes
The 40 hour work week
The Creston Line
The Dead Volts
The Turkey Buzzards
Twang N Bang
Twang N Bang Records
Vagabonds LP
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As Texans, we take great pride in our food. During the holiday season, our culinary creations play an important role in bringing families together and celebrating our Southern heritage. With the holidays fast approaching, we at Collin Street Bakery are getting ready to send our famous DeLuxe® Texas Fruitcakes across the 50 states and to almost 200 foreign lands.
Although we at Collin Street Bakery were born and bred in Texas, our fruitcake recipe stretches back to 19th century Germany. As such, we can't help but wonder what holiday treats the world's families and children are indulging in this time of year? How do they celebrate the holiday season?
France: Children of France celebrate Noel, which begins the French Christmas season on December 6th. A cherished tradition for French children is to leave their shoes outside on Christmas Eve for Le Pere Noel, their Santa Claus. The French also incorporate significant feasting into their festivities. One of their most popular treats is the Yule Log, a chocolate cake with a cream center, fashioned into the shape of a log.
Japan: Since sweets are not very popular in Japan, the country's Christmas cake is typically the most decadent treat children will indulge in all year. The traditional Japanese Christmas cake is a simple white cream cake with whipped cream frosting and succulent strawberries, served on a chocolate covered plate.
Italy: Italy's Christmas is focused on the family, and is traditionally a quiet day. Children write letters to their parents, expressing love and gratitude. On Christmas Eve, children and their families snack on Struffoli, a fried dough nugget with hazelnut and powdered sugar. They also indulge in Amaretti, an Italian almond cookie, and Panettone, an Italian sweet bread.
Sweden: In Sweden, children wait for the gnome, Jultomten, to bring them the gifts in his sack. Instead of reindeer, the flying goats of Thor, called the Julbocken, carry Jultomten around in his sleigh. While waiting for their gifts to arrive, children partake in traditional Swedish dishes like Swedish meatballs and Risgrynsgröt, a classic rice pudding.
Czech Republic: Children in the Czech Republic enjoy making gingerbread houses during the holiday season, though they prefer to eat them sooner rather than later. They also enjoy fruitcakes and Christmas cookies.
Australia: The children of Australia are on summer vacation during the Christmas season. They can be found surfing, riding bikes, and swimming, as well as partaking in Nativity plays that begin in late November. Once the children receive their gifts from Father Christmas, they are served a traditional breakfast of ham and eggs. Following their holiday dinner, most Australians enjoy rum balls, candy canes, and gingerbread cookies.
At Collin Street Bakery, we want to be a part of your holiday tradition, whatever it may be. While we are known for our famous DeLuxe® Texas Fruitcake, our deep-dish pecan pie, chocolate chip cookies, and collection of cheesecakes, are all delectable options for your Christmas festivities. Be sure to check out all the baked goods we offer this holiday season.
I have loved your deluxe pecan cakes for years, since my father started sending them to us at Christmas. Sadly, he died in 2012, and his special cakes stopped arriving. And then we went to friends during Christmas 2015, where they offered us one of the same cakes.


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Kostel Panny Marie Pomocnice křesťanů  je saleziánské středisko mládeže a klub pro rodiče s dětmi a dospělé, které se nachází na sídlišti Jižní Svahy ve Zlíně. Jedná se o velký areál se zázemím pro farnost a prostorem pro členy saleziánské komunity, má taky klubovny, učebny, společenský sál, velké venkovní hřiště i hrací kout pro děti. Stavba kostela začala slavnostním výkopem v den svátku svatého Jana Bosca 31. ledna 2000. Kostel byl posvěcen 8. května 2003 olomouckým arcibiskupem Mons. Janem Graubnerem. Kostel navrhl architekt Jan Kovář. Objekt je navržen tak, aby vypadal jako otevřená náruč, kterou uvidíte když se postavíte před kostel. Objekt je složen ze tří budov ve tvaru širokého písmene V. Ve střední části je kostel, boční trakty slouží pro aktivity klubu. Stavba z červených cihel v kombinaci s bílou fasádou koresponduje s okolními paneláky ze 70. let minulého století, které jsou pro Zlín příznačné. V Interiéru dominuje bílá barva a je v něm 350 míst k sezení.

Presbytář
Jednotlivé prvky presbytáře jsou kontrastem architektonického řešení kostela a doplňují jednoduchost interiéru. Vybavení presbytáře a výzdobu zvonů zrealizoval akademický sochař Daniel Ignác Trubač. Liturgické předměty jsou vyrobeny z bronzu, mramoru a skla.

Zvony
Do štíhlé věže kostela se vešly tři zvony – Svatý Jan Bosco, Svatá Ludmila a Svatý Vojtěch. Zvony jsou zdobeny reliéfy a motivy, vztahující se k osobě podle které byly nazvány. Největší zvon Svatý Jan Bosco má průměr bezmála 1 metr a váží 535 kg.

Reference

Související články
 Křesťanská sakrální architektura

Externí odkazy

 Stránky římskokatolické farnosti Panny Marie Pomocnice křesťanů
 Křesťansko-společenské centrum Jižní Svahy - záměr

Panna Marie Pomocnice křesťanů (Zlín)
Panna Marie Pomocnice křesťanů (Zlín)
Zlín
Panny Marie Pomocnice křesťanů Zlín
Kostely z 21. století
Salesiáni Dona Bosca

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Home » Salmonella, Campylobacter show signs of resistance to drugs
Salmonella, Campylobacter show signs of resistance to drugs
Jeremy Gerrard
KEYWORDS food security / salmonella
Treatment options for common foodborne infections such as Salmonella and Campylobacter are decreasing according to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) whose new research suggests types of these bacteria continue to show resistance to antimicrobial drugs.
EFSA says a number of different types of Salmonella proven to be resistant to drugs continue to spread across Europe. In addition, high resistance to the antimicrobial ciprofloxacin in Campylobacter types in both humans and animals has been reported in some parts of Europe.
Despite this, EFSA was encouraged to report that co-resistance to critically important antimicrobials for both bacteria remains low.
These findings are part of the latest EFSA-ECDC European Union Summary Report on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food, which analyses data from 2013.
"The high levels of resistance to fluoroquinolones observed in Campylobacter isolates from both humans and broilers are of concern considering that a large proportion of human Campylobacter infections come from handling, preparation and consumption of broiler meat. Such high resistance levels reduce the effective treatment options for severe human Campylobacter infections", said Mike Catchpole, chief scientist at ECDC.
The report also includes data on resistance in indicator Escherichia coli, indicatorenterococci and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, in animals and food.
The EFSA report can be found here.
Recent Articles by Jeremy Gerrard
QR codes not a smart move for GMO labeling
Progresso sourcing only antibiotic, hormone-free chicken breasts for soups
China lifts ban on US beef
Blue Bell recalls some ice cream over Listeria scare
Chobani selects six start-ups for inaugural Food Incubator class
Jeremy Gerrard was Food Engineering's Digital/Online Editor. He is a graduate of Auburn University with a degree in journalism. His previous work experience includes years spent as a reporter with the Daily Local News out of Chester County, PA. In addition to writing feature articles for Food Engineering, Jeremy covered the Dry Processing, Field Reports and People and Industry news sections.
USDA proposes measures to reduce Salmonella, Campylobacter
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Federal Salmonella, Campylobacter standards finalized
The 10 Principles of Food Industry Sustainability
Advances in Science & Engineering of Rice