text:
Rocket Raccoon's Spanish Voice Actor Says 'Key Character' Will Die in Avengers: Endgame
BY Olivia Montine
The Marvel Cinematic Universe is famous for withholding pretty much every bit of information about their upcoming projects—and Avengers: Endgame may be their most secretive movie yet. However, one actor involved in the project may have just accidentally dropped a major spoiler, as Complex reported.
Sergio Zurita, the Spanish voice actor who lent his talent to the role of Rocket Raccoon in the Spanish dub of the film, just revealed a pivotal plot point in an interview with MVS Noticias. "I can tell you that the movie takes you from laughter to tears," Zurita said. "A key character dies. I cannot say more ... it's too much. I do not know if I already said too much."
We're sure the MCU powers-that-be would agree that, yes, he did say too much—but we're not complaining. And even after recognizing that he may have given away an important detail, he still had one more juicy tidbit to add.
Zurita went on to add how Chris Hemsworth's Thor makes an "irreversible" decision at some point in the film. Besides this, the only hint fans have gotten regarding the fates of their beloved characters came from Chris Evans, who plays Captain America, back when the film finished shooting in October. He sent out a tweet that seemed to hint at a possible end to his character.
Officially wrapped on Avengers 4. It was an emotional day to say the least. Playing this role over the last 8 years has been an honor. To everyone in front of the camera, behind the camera, and in the audience, thank you for the memories! Eternally grateful.
— Chris Evans (@ChrisEvans) October 4, 2018
While Evans has neither confirmed nor denied that he is officially done with the MCU, his 2018 tweet—coupled with Zurita's revelation—has fans wondering if there's a possible connection between the two. We'll know for sure when Avengers: Endgame arrives in theaters on April 26, 2019
[h/t: Complex]
Comics entertainment Marvel Comics Movies News Pop Culture


text:
package edu.gemini.spModel.gemini.obscomp;

import edu.gemini.pot.sp.SPComponentType;
import edu.gemini.shared.util.immutable.None;
import edu.gemini.shared.util.immutable.Option;
import edu.gemini.shared.util.immutable.Some;
import edu.gemini.spModel.data.AbstractDataObject;
import edu.gemini.spModel.data.property.PropertyProvider;
import edu.gemini.spModel.data.property.PropertySupport;
import edu.gemini.spModel.pio.ParamSet;
import edu.gemini.spModel.pio.Pio;
import edu.gemini.spModel.pio.PioFactory;
import edu.gemini.spModel.type.DisplayableSpType;
import edu.gemini.spModel.type.ObsoletableSpType;
import edu.gemini.spModel.type.SequenceableSpType;
import edu.gemini.spModel.type.SpTypeUtil;

import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.*;

/**
 * Site Quality observation component.
 */
public class SPSiteQuality extends AbstractDataObject implements PropertyProvider  {
    // for serialization
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 3L;

    public static final SPComponentType SP_TYPE = SPComponentType.SCHEDULING_CONDITIONS;

    /**
     * SPSiteQuality owns a list of TimingWindow objects specifying when the target is observable.
     * By convention, an empty list signifies that the target is always observable, which is the same
     * as the list containing the ALWAYS static instance.
     * @author rnorris
     */
    public static class TimingWindow implements Serializable, Cloneable {

        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

        public static final int WINDOW_REMAINS_OPEN_FOREVER = -1;

        public static final int REPEAT_FOREVER = -1;
        public static final int REPEAT_NEVER = 0;

        private static final long MS_PER_SECOND = 1000;
        private static final long MS_PER_MINUTE = MS_PER_SECOND * 60;
        private static final long MS_PER_HOUR = MS_PER_MINUTE * 60;

        private static final String NAME = "timing-window";

        private static final String START_PROP = "start";
        private static final String DURATION_PROP = "duration";
        private static final String REPEAT_PROP = "repeat";
        private static final String PERIOD_PROP = "period";

        // All times and durations in ms
        private final long start, duration, period;
        private final int repeat;

        public TimingWindow(long start, long duration, int repeat, long period) {
            this.start = start;
            this.duration = duration;
            this.repeat = repeat;
            this.period = period;
            assert repeat >= -1;
        }

        public TimingWindow() {
            this(System.currentTimeMillis(), 24 * MS_PER_HOUR, 0, 0);
        }

        TimingWindow(ParamSet params) {
            this(Pio.getLongValue(params, START_PROP, 0),
                 Pio.getLongValue(params, DURATION_PROP, 0),
                 Pio.getIntValue(params, REPEAT_PROP, 0),
                 Pio.getLongValue(params, PERIOD_PROP, 0));
        }

        public long getDuration() {
            return duration;
        }

        public long getPeriod() {
            return period;
        }

        public int getRepeat() {
            return repeat;
        }

        public long getStart() {
            return start;
        }

        ParamSet getParamSet(PioFactory factory) {
            ParamSet params = factory.createParamSet(NAME);
            Pio.addLongParam(factory, params, START_PROP, start);
            Pio.addLongParam(factory, params, DURATION_PROP, duration);
            Pio.addIntParam(factory, params, REPEAT_PROP, repeat);
            Pio.addLongParam(factory, params, PERIOD_PROP, period);
            return params;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return String.format("{%d %d %d %d}", start, duration, repeat, period);
        }

        public TimingWindow clone() {
            try {
                return (TimingWindow) super.clone();
            } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
                throw new Error("This was supposed to be impossible.");
            }
        }

    }

    static class TimingWindowList extends LinkedList<TimingWindow> {

        private static final long serialVersionUID = 2L;
        private static final String NAME = "timing-window-list";

        ParamSet getParamSet(PioFactory factory) {
            ParamSet params = factory.createParamSet(NAME);
            for (TimingWindow tw: this)
                params.addParamSet(tw.getParamSet(factory));
            return params;
        }

        void setParamSet(ParamSet params) {
            clear();
            if (params != null) {
                for (ParamSet ps: params.getParamSets())
                    add(new TimingWindow(ps));
            }
        }

        @Override
        public TimingWindowList clone() {
            TimingWindowList ret = new TimingWindowList();
            for (TimingWindow tw: this)
                ret.add(tw.clone());
            return ret;
        }

    }

    @Override
    public SPSiteQuality clone() {
        SPSiteQuality ret = (SPSiteQuality) super.clone();
        ret._timingWindows = _timingWindows.clone();
        return ret;
    }

    public interface PercentageContainer {
        byte getPercentage();
    }

    private static <T extends PercentageContainer> Option<T> read(String strVal, T[] values) {
        if (strVal.length() < 3) return None.instance();

        String tail = strVal.substring(2);
        if ("Any".equalsIgnoreCase(tail)) tail = "100";

        byte perc;
        try {
            perc = Byte.valueOf(tail);
        } catch (NumberFormatException ex) {
            return None.instance();
        }

        for (T val : values) {
            if (val.getPercentage() == perc) return new Some<>(val);
        }
        return None.instance();
    }

    /**
     * Sky Background Options.
     */
    public enum SkyBackground implements DisplayableSpType, SequenceableSpType, PercentageContainer {

        PERCENT_20("20%/Darkest", 20, 21.37),
        PERCENT_50("50%/Dark", 50, 20.78),
        PERCENT_80("80%/Grey", 80, 19.61),
        ANY(       "Any/Bright", 100, 0);

        /** The default SkyBackground value **/
        public static SkyBackground DEFAULT = ANY;

        private final String _displayValue;
        private final byte _percentage;
        private final double _maxBrightness; // in vMag, smaller is brighter

        SkyBackground(String displayValue, int percentage, double maxBrightness) {
            _percentage = (byte) percentage;
            _displayValue = displayValue;
            _maxBrightness = maxBrightness;
            assert _percentage >= 0 && _percentage <= 100;
        }

        public byte getPercentage() {
            return _percentage;
        }

        /**
         * Returns the maximum brightness for this background percentile in vMag.
         * Note that smaller values are brighter. Wacky astronomers, go figure.
         */
        public double getMaxBrightness() {
            return _maxBrightness;
        }

        public String displayValue() {
            return _displayValue;
        }

        public String sequenceValue() {
            return Byte.toString(_percentage);
        }

        /** Return a SkyBackground by name **/
        public static SkyBackground getSkyBackground(String name) {
            return getSkyBackground(name, DEFAULT);
        }

        /** Return a SkyBackground by name with a value to return upon error **/
        public static SkyBackground getSkyBackground(String name, SkyBackground nvalue) {
            return SpTypeUtil.oldValueOf(SkyBackground.class, name, nvalue);
        }

        public String toString() {
            return (this == ANY) ? "SBAny" : String.format("SB%2d", getPercentage());
        }

        public static Option<SkyBackground> read(String s) {
            return SPSiteQuality.read(s, values());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Cloud Cover Options.
     */
    public enum CloudCover implements DisplayableSpType, ObsoletableSpType, SequenceableSpType, PercentageContainer {
        PERCENT_20("20%",        20),
        PERCENT_50("50%/Clear",  50),
        PERCENT_70("70%/Cirrus", 70),
        PERCENT_80("80%/Cloudy", 80),
        PERCENT_90("90%",        90),
        ANY(       "Any",       100),
        ;

        /** The default CloudCover value **/
        public static CloudCover DEFAULT = ANY;

        private final String _displayValue;
        private final byte _percentage;

        CloudCover(String displayValue, int percentage) {
            _percentage = (byte) percentage;
            _displayValue = displayValue;
            assert _percentage >= 0 && _percentage <= 100;
        }

        public byte getPercentage() {
            return _percentage;
        }

        public String displayValue() {
            return _displayValue;
        }

        public String sequenceValue() {
            return Byte.toString(_percentage);
        }

        /** Return a CloudCover by name **/
        public static CloudCover getCloudCover(String name) {
            return getCloudCover(name, DEFAULT);
        }

        /** Return a CloudCover by name with a value to return upon error **/
        public static CloudCover getCloudCover(String name, CloudCover nvalue) {
            return SpTypeUtil.oldValueOf(CloudCover.class, name, nvalue);
        }

        public boolean isObsolete() {
            return (this == PERCENT_20) || (this == PERCENT_90);
        }

        public String toString() {
            return (this == ANY) ? "CCAny" : String.format("CC%2d", getPercentage());
        }

        public static Option<CloudCover> read(String s) {
            return SPSiteQuality.read(s, values());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Image Quality Options.
     */
    public enum ImageQuality implements DisplayableSpType, SequenceableSpType, PercentageContainer {
        PERCENT_20("20%/Best", 20),
        PERCENT_70("70%/Good", 70),
        PERCENT_85("85%/Poor", 85),
        ANY(       "Any", 100);

        /** The default ImageQuality value **/
        public static ImageQuality DEFAULT = ANY;

        private final String _displayValue;
        private final byte _percentage;

        ImageQuality(String displayValue, int percentage) {
            _percentage = (byte) percentage;
            _displayValue = displayValue;
            assert _percentage >= 0 && _percentage <= 100;
        }

        public byte getPercentage() {
            return _percentage;
        }

        public String displayValue() {
            return _displayValue;
        }

        public String sequenceValue() {
            return Byte.toString(_percentage);
        }

        /** Return a ImageQuality by name **/
        public static ImageQuality getImageQuality(String name) {
            return getImageQuality(name, DEFAULT);
        }

        /** Return a ImageQuality by name with a value to return upon error **/
        public static ImageQuality getImageQuality(String name, ImageQuality nvalue) {
            // Note the following is a temporary patch.  If name has a value of 50, it means 70
            // if we have a value of 80 it means 85.  This should go away after the next version
            if (name.equals("50%")) return PERCENT_70;
            if (name.equals("80")) return PERCENT_85;

            return SpTypeUtil.oldValueOf(ImageQuality.class, name, nvalue);
        }

        public String toString() {
            return (this == ANY) ? "IQAny" : String.format("IQ%2d", getPercentage());
        }

        public static Option<ImageQuality> read(String s) {
            return SPSiteQuality.read(s, values());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Water Vapor Options.
     */
    public enum WaterVapor implements DisplayableSpType, SequenceableSpType, PercentageContainer {
        PERCENT_20("20%/Low", 20),
        PERCENT_50("50%/Median", 50),
        PERCENT_80("80%/High", 80),
        ANY("Any", 100),
        ;

        /** The default WaterVapor value **/
        public static WaterVapor DEFAULT = ANY;

        private final String _displayValue;
        private final byte _percentage;

        WaterVapor(String displayValue, int percentage) {
            _percentage = (byte) percentage;
            _displayValue = displayValue;
            assert _percentage >= 0 && _percentage <= 100;
        }

        public byte getPercentage() {
            return _percentage;
        }

        public String displayValue() {
            return  _displayValue;
        }

        public String sequenceValue() {
            return Byte.toString(_percentage);
        }

        /** Return a WaterVapor by name **/
        public static WaterVapor getWaterVapor(String name) {
            return getWaterVapor(name, DEFAULT);
        }

        /** Return a WaterVapor by name with a value to return upon error **/
        public static WaterVapor getWaterVapor(String name, WaterVapor nvalue) {
            return SpTypeUtil.oldValueOf(WaterVapor.class, name, nvalue);
        }

        public String toString() {
            return (this == ANY) ? "WVAny" : String.format("WV%2d", getPercentage());
        }

        public static Option<WaterVapor> read(String s) {
            return SPSiteQuality.read(s, values());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Elevation Constraint Options
     */
    public enum ElevationConstraintType implements DisplayableSpType {

        NONE("None", 0, 0, 0, 0),
        HOUR_ANGLE("Hour Angle", -5.5, 5.5, -5.0, 5.0),
        AIRMASS("Airmass", 1.0, 3.0, 1.0, 2.0),

        ;

        public static ElevationConstraintType DEFAULT = NONE;

        private final String _displayValue;
        private final double _min, _max;
        private final double _defaultMin, _defaultMax;

        ElevationConstraintType(String displayValue, double min, double max, double defaultMin, double defaultMax) {
            _displayValue = displayValue;
            _min = min;
            _max = max;
            _defaultMax = defaultMax;
            _defaultMin = defaultMin;
        }

        public String displayValue() {
            return  _displayValue;
        }

        public double getDefaultMin() {
            return _defaultMin;
        }

        public double getDefaultMax() {
            return _defaultMax;
        }

        public double getMax() {
            return _max;
        }

        public double getMin() {
            return _min;
        }

        public static ElevationConstraintType getElevationConstraintType(String name) {
            try {
                return valueOf(name);
            } catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
                return DEFAULT;
            }
        }

    }

    public static final class Conditions implements Serializable {
        public static final Conditions BEST    = new Conditions(CloudCover.PERCENT_20, ImageQuality.PERCENT_20, SkyBackground.PERCENT_20, WaterVapor.PERCENT_20);
        public static final Conditions NOMINAL = new Conditions(CloudCover.PERCENT_50, ImageQuality.PERCENT_70, SkyBackground.PERCENT_50, WaterVapor.ANY);
        public static final Conditions WORST   = new Conditions(CloudCover.ANY,        ImageQuality.ANY,        SkyBackground.ANY,        WaterVapor.ANY);

        public final CloudCover cc;
        public final ImageQuality iq;
        public final SkyBackground sb;
        public final WaterVapor wv;

        public Conditions(CloudCover cc, ImageQuality iq, SkyBackground sb, WaterVapor wv) {
            this.cc = cc;
            this.iq = iq;
            this.sb = sb;
            this.wv = wv;
        }

        public Conditions cc(CloudCover ncc)    { return new Conditions(ncc, iq,  sb,  wv); }
        public Conditions iq(ImageQuality niq)  { return new Conditions(cc, niq,  sb,  wv); }
        public Conditions sb(SkyBackground nsb) { return new Conditions(cc,  iq, nsb,  wv); }
        public Conditions wv(WaterVapor nwv)    { return new Conditions(cc,  iq,  sb, nwv); }

        @Override public boolean equals(Object o) {
            if (this == o) return true;
            if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

            Conditions that = (Conditions) o;
            return cc == that.cc && iq == that.iq && sb == that.sb && wv == that.wv;
        }

        @Override public int hashCode() {
            int result = cc.hashCode();
            result = 31 * result + iq.hashCode();
            result = 31 * result + sb.hashCode();
            result = 31 * result + wv.hashCode();
            return result;
        }

        public String toString() {
            StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
            buf.append(cc).append(", ").append(iq).append(", ").append(sb).append(", ").append(wv);
            return buf.toString();
        }
    }

    public static final PropertyDescriptor CLOUD_COVER_PROP;
    public static final PropertyDescriptor IMAGE_QUALITY_PROP;
    public static final PropertyDescriptor SKY_BACKGROUND_PROP;
    public static final PropertyDescriptor WATER_VAPOR_PROP;
    public static final PropertyDescriptor ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_TYPE_PROP;
    public static final PropertyDescriptor ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_MIN_PROP;
    public static final PropertyDescriptor ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_MAX_PROP;
    public static final PropertyDescriptor TIMING_WINDOWS_PROP;

    private static final Map<String, PropertyDescriptor> PRIVATE_PROP_MAP = new TreeMap<>();
    public static final Map<String, PropertyDescriptor> PROPERTY_MAP = Collections.unmodifiableMap(PRIVATE_PROP_MAP);

    static {
        CLOUD_COVER_PROP    = PropertySupport.init("CloudCover", SPSiteQuality.class, true, false);
        IMAGE_QUALITY_PROP  = PropertySupport.init("ImageQuality", SPSiteQuality.class, true, false);
        SKY_BACKGROUND_PROP = PropertySupport.init("SkyBackground", SPSiteQuality.class, true, false);
        WATER_VAPOR_PROP    = PropertySupport.init("WaterVapor", SPSiteQuality.class, true, false);
        ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_TYPE_PROP = PropertySupport.init("ElevationConstraintType", SPSiteQuality.class, true, false);
        ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_MIN_PROP = PropertySupport.init("ElevationConstraintMin", SPSiteQuality.class, true, false);
        ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_MAX_PROP = PropertySupport.init("ElevationConstraintMax", SPSiteQuality.class, true, false);
        TIMING_WINDOWS_PROP = PropertySupport.init("TimingWindows", SPSiteQuality.class, false, false);

        PRIVATE_PROP_MAP.put(CLOUD_COVER_PROP.getName(),    CLOUD_COVER_PROP);
        PRIVATE_PROP_MAP.put(IMAGE_QUALITY_PROP.getName(),  IMAGE_QUALITY_PROP);
        PRIVATE_PROP_MAP.put(SKY_BACKGROUND_PROP.getName(), SKY_BACKGROUND_PROP);
        PRIVATE_PROP_MAP.put(WATER_VAPOR_PROP.getName(),    WATER_VAPOR_PROP);
        PRIVATE_PROP_MAP.put(ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_TYPE_PROP.getName(), ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_TYPE_PROP);
        PRIVATE_PROP_MAP.put(ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_MIN_PROP.getName(), ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_MIN_PROP);
        PRIVATE_PROP_MAP.put(ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_MAX_PROP.getName(), ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_MAX_PROP);
        PRIVATE_PROP_MAP.put(TIMING_WINDOWS_PROP.getName(), TIMING_WINDOWS_PROP);
    }

    private Conditions conditions = Conditions.WORST;
    private ElevationConstraintType _elevationConstraintType = ElevationConstraintType.DEFAULT;
    private double _elevationConstraintMin = 0;
    private double _elevationConstraintMax = 0;

    private TimingWindowList _timingWindows = new TimingWindowList();

    /**
     * Default constructor.  Initialize the component type.
     */
    public SPSiteQuality() {
        super(SP_TYPE);
    }

    public Map<String, PropertyDescriptor> getProperties() {
        return PROPERTY_MAP;
    }

    public Conditions conditions() { return conditions; }

    /**
     * Set the sky.
     */
    public void setSkyBackground(SkyBackground newValue) {
        SkyBackground oldValue = conditions.sb;
        if (oldValue != newValue) {
            conditions = conditions.sb(newValue);
            firePropertyChange(SKY_BACKGROUND_PROP.getName(), oldValue, newValue);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Get the sky.
     */
    public SkyBackground getSkyBackground() { return conditions.sb; }

    /**
     * Set the cloud cover
     */
    public void setCloudCover(CloudCover newValue) {
        CloudCover oldValue = conditions.cc;
        if (oldValue != newValue) {
            conditions = conditions.cc(newValue);
            firePropertyChange(CLOUD_COVER_PROP.getName(), oldValue, newValue);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Get the cloud cover
     */
    public CloudCover getCloudCover() { return conditions.cc; }

    /**
     * Set the image quality.
     */
    public void setImageQuality(ImageQuality newValue) {
        ImageQuality oldValue = conditions.iq;
        if (newValue != oldValue) {
            conditions = conditions.iq(newValue);
            firePropertyChange(IMAGE_QUALITY_PROP.getName(), oldValue, newValue);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Get the image quality.
     */
    public ImageQuality getImageQuality() { return conditions.iq; }

    /**
     * Set Water Vapor
     */
    public void setWaterVapor(WaterVapor newValue) {
        WaterVapor oldValue = conditions.wv;
        if (oldValue != newValue) {
            conditions = conditions.wv(newValue);
            firePropertyChange(WATER_VAPOR_PROP.getName(), oldValue, newValue);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Get the Water Vapor.
     */
    public WaterVapor getWaterVapor() { return conditions.wv; }

    public ElevationConstraintType getElevationConstraintType() {
        return _elevationConstraintType;
    }

    public void setElevationConstraintType(ElevationConstraintType constraintType) {
        ElevationConstraintType prev = _elevationConstraintType;
        _elevationConstraintType = constraintType;
        firePropertyChange(ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_TYPE_PROP.getName(), prev, constraintType);
    }

    public double getElevationConstraintMin() {
        return _elevationConstraintMin;
    }

    public void setElevationConstraintMin(double min) {
        double prev = _elevationConstraintMin;
        _elevationConstraintMin = min;
        firePropertyChange(ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_MIN_PROP.getName(), prev, min);
    }

    public double getElevationConstraintMax() {
        return _elevationConstraintMax;
    }

    public void setElevationConstraintMax(double max) {
        double prev = _elevationConstraintMax;
        _elevationConstraintMax = max;
        firePropertyChange(ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_MAX_PROP.getName(), prev, max);
    }

    public List<TimingWindow> getTimingWindows() {
        return Collections.unmodifiableList(_timingWindows);
    }

    public void setTimingWindows(List<TimingWindow> windows) {
        List<TimingWindow> prev = Collections.unmodifiableList(new ArrayList<>(_timingWindows));
        _timingWindows.clear();
        _timingWindows.addAll(windows);
        firePropertyChange(TIMING_WINDOWS_PROP.getName(), prev, getTimingWindows());
    }

    public void addTimingWindow(TimingWindow tw) {
        List<TimingWindow> prev = Collections.unmodifiableList(new ArrayList<>(_timingWindows));
        _timingWindows.add(tw);
        firePropertyChange(TIMING_WINDOWS_PROP.getName(), prev, getTimingWindows());
    }

    public void removeTimingWindow(TimingWindow tw) {
        List<TimingWindow> prev = Collections.unmodifiableList(new ArrayList<>(_timingWindows));
        if (_timingWindows.remove(tw)) {
            firePropertyChange(TIMING_WINDOWS_PROP.getName(), prev, getTimingWindows());
        }
    }

    /*
     * Return a parameter set describing the current state of this object.
     * @param factory
     */
    public ParamSet getParamSet(PioFactory factory) {
        ParamSet paramSet = super.getParamSet(factory);

        Pio.addParam(factory, paramSet, CLOUD_COVER_PROP, conditions.cc.name());
        Pio.addParam(factory, paramSet, IMAGE_QUALITY_PROP, conditions.iq.name());
        Pio.addParam(factory, paramSet, SKY_BACKGROUND_PROP, conditions.sb.name());
        Pio.addParam(factory, paramSet, WATER_VAPOR_PROP, conditions.wv.name());
        Pio.addParam(factory, paramSet, ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_TYPE_PROP, _elevationConstraintType.name());
        Pio.addDoubleParam(factory, paramSet, ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_MIN_PROP.getName(), _elevationConstraintMin);
        Pio.addDoubleParam(factory, paramSet, ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_MAX_PROP.getName(), _elevationConstraintMax);

        paramSet.addParamSet(_timingWindows.getParamSet(factory));

        return paramSet;
    }

    /**
     * Set the state of this object from the given parameter set.
     */
    public void setParamSet(ParamSet paramSet) {
        super.setParamSet(paramSet);

        String v = Pio.getValue(paramSet, CLOUD_COVER_PROP.getName());
        if (v != null) {
            setCloudCover(CloudCover.getCloudCover(v));
        }
        v = Pio.getValue(paramSet, IMAGE_QUALITY_PROP.getName());
        if (v != null) {
            setImageQuality(ImageQuality.getImageQuality(v));
        }
        v = Pio.getValue(paramSet, SKY_BACKGROUND_PROP.getName());
        if (v != null) {
            setSkyBackground(SkyBackground.getSkyBackground(v));
        }
        v = Pio.getValue(paramSet, WATER_VAPOR_PROP.getName());
        if (v != null) {
            setWaterVapor(WaterVapor.getWaterVapor(v));
        }
        v = Pio.getValue(paramSet, ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_TYPE_PROP.getName());
        if (v != null) {
            setElevationConstraintType(ElevationConstraintType.getElevationConstraintType(v));
        }

        setElevationConstraintMin(Pio.getDoubleValue(paramSet, ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_MIN_PROP.getName(), 0.0));
        setElevationConstraintMax(Pio.getDoubleValue(paramSet, ELEVATION_CONSTRAINT_MAX_PROP.getName(), 0.0));

        _timingWindows.setParamSet(paramSet.getParamSet(TimingWindowList.NAME));

    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Taksim Brand Suite
Mingle with other guests at the complimentary reception, held daily. Self-serve breakfasts are available daily from 8 AM to 10 AM for a fee.
Featured amenities include express check-in, express check-out, and complimentary newspapers in the lobby. A roundtrip airport shuttle is provided for a surcharge (available 24 hours), and free self parking is available onsite.
Make yourself at home in one of the 10 guestrooms, featuring kitchenettes. Flat-screen televisions with satellite programming provide entertainment, while complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected. Conveniences include desks and complimentary newspapers, and housekeeping is provided daily.
Istanbul Technical University - 1.3 km / 0.8 mi
Museum of Innocence - 1.3 km / 0.8 mi
Lutfi Kirdar Convention and Exhibition Centre - 1.5 km / 0.9 mi
Istanbul Modern Art Museum - 1.6 km / 1 mi
Istanbul Congress Center - 1.6 km / 1 mi
Dolmabahce Palace - 1.9 km / 1.2 mi
Istanbul (IST) - 38.3 km / 23.8 mi
Sabiha Gokcen Intl. Airport (SAW) - 61.2 km / 38 mi
Located in Istanbul (Taksim), Taksim Brand Suite is within a 10-minute walk of Taksim Square and Istiklal Avenue. This aparthotel is 0.8 mi (1.2 km) from Pera Museum and 1.5 mi (2.4 km) from Galata Tower.
Near Taksim Square
Kocatepe Mahallesi Caylak Sokak No 34, Beyoğlu, Istanbul, 34400, TURKEY
More about Taksim Brand Suite
Fee for self-serve breakfast: EUR 5.00 for adults and EUR 3 for children (approximately)
Pet deposit: EUR 50 per night

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
New Walker Ad Touts Job Growth
Updated: 11:14 AM CDT Apr 13, 2012
Gov. Scott Walker's latest television ad in the recall campaign touts job growth in Wisconsin.Walker's campaign says the ad began airing Friday, but did not say in what markets. It comes on the heels of two attack ads Walker released Thursday against Democratic opponents Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett and former Dane County Executive Kathleen Falk.In the new ad, Walker touts the fact that Wisconsin has added more than 17,000 private sector jobs in the first two months of this year.But what the ad doesn't mention is that taking into account job losses from last year, the total number of private sector jobs created since Walker took office in 2011 is 8,100.Walker promised to create 250,000 jobs by 2015.
MADISON, Wis. —
Gov. Scott Walker's latest television ad in the recall campaign touts job growth in Wisconsin.
Walker's campaign says the ad began airing Friday, but did not say in what markets. It comes on the heels of two attack ads Walker released Thursday against Democratic opponents Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett and former Dane County Executive Kathleen Falk.
In the new ad, Walker touts the fact that Wisconsin has added more than 17,000 private sector jobs in the first two months of this year.
But what the ad doesn't mention is that taking into account job losses from last year, the total number of private sector jobs created since Walker took office in 2011 is 8,100.
Walker promised to create 250,000 jobs by 2015.


Proxy server agent, essential for surfing the Internet with privacy. Provides you with excellent tools to locate, test and logon to public anonymous proxy servers and includes a database with hundreds of pre- checked anonymous proxies. You can scan each server, test its speed (incl. speed for a particular URL), confirm its anonymity and IP isolation factors, set the best candidate as your default proxy, and share the anonymous Internet connection over a LAN. Advanced features include modification of any HTTP variables, blocking cookies, monitoring client requests, stop lists for clients and remote hosts, random server selection, anonymity confirmation for each request, and more.


Adam Goldberg is one of the only WTF guests who can match Marc's neuroses note for note. He's also a Renaissance man who continues to hone his skills in photography, songwriting, filmmaking and acting. And, oh yeah, he was thrilled to be gruesomely murdered in Saving Private Ryan. Strap in for this one. This episode is sponsored by Vinyl Me, Please, Comedy Central, Pro Flowers, Berries.


With an adjustable elastic band, not easy to lose.
Waterproof and can be worn on the rainy days.
Soles have non-slip soft particles, safe with protection from ice and snow, rain and so on.
It has reflective strips, keep the safety of the dog.
1. Please allow about 1cm error due to manual measurement, make sure you do not mind before you buy.
2. The colors may be different for different display, please understand.


Buffalo Check Pumpkin is rated 4.6 out of 5 by 5.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Jonesy1 from Looks just like the picture! I bought this right before Halloween because I missed seeing it on-line but when I did see it I fell in love with it. It is a wonderful touch to anywhere you put it and matches my other Buffalo Check items. I will be putting this out every fall for the next couple of years if my daughters don't abscond with it before!
Rated 5 out of 5 by M Cross from Fall Vibes! Great addition to my Ballard's decor. My house is full of Ballard's Designs!
Rated 5 out of 5 by frenchielove from Love it! Love the size, color and quality. The color is more of a subtle ivory with soft black tones and a low sheen rather than a stark white/black with a high gloss finish. Good quality workmanship--even has pads on the bottom to prevent scratches. Looks great on my table and I'll enjoy all through the fall!
Rated 5 out of 5 by Susan56 from Love Love Love Did i already say love? Even my husband thought this was good looking! Already on display. Just love it.
Rated 3 out of 5 by JudyAA from Just a couple of problems I debated on whether I wanted to spend $69.00 for this pumpkin. When I got it, the first thing I noticed was the lid did not lay in the notched area very well. It rocks back and forth even when it is in the notched area. And when I get it kinda in the notched area, the plaid does not line up. It is off noticeably. After that I noticed that where the notched area is, it is all scratched and you can see the terracotta underneath. it is scratched all along where the lid lies on the base. I love the pumpkin because it goes with my buffalo check chairs and throw pillows. I don't feel like wrapping and sending it back hoping to get one with no problems. In the photo, I lined the plaid up, but it is not laying in the notched area.


text:
Hudson Valley Tech Meetup
a Business in Dutchess
your Business in Dutchess
build Business in Dutchess
What do Brooklyn creative firms, family-owned companies, agricultural entrepreneurs and manufacturing industry disruptors have in common? They've all chosen to locate in Dutchess County.
Thanks to our excellent infrastructure and resources, accessible transportation, affordable, business-friendly climate and top-notch workforce, Dutchess County is the ideal location to grow your small business.
Whether you're the owner of a family business or a recent graduate with a new innovation, the Think Dutchess team provides business counseling, networking, incentives, site selection, and expedited permitting so that you can focus on doing what you do best. Seeking success for your small business? Contact Sarah Lee, CEO, 845.463.5406, sarah@thinkdutchess.com
Meet some of our successful small businesses:
See the public NYC art installation on our homepage? That belongs to our very own 4th State Metals, which specializes in multi-disciplinary design, engineering, and fabrication. Facing higher costs and lack of space in Brooklyn, the firm has found room to grow in Dutchess County, as did their neighbors RUSHdesign, which relocated to Dutchess just months later. Read more about why they chose Dutchess in their company profile.
Beginning with a farm purchase by an adventurous couple in Dover Plains, Crown Maple has grown into an agri-business powerhouse of international acclaim. With more than 90,000 taps; 2,000 points of distribution and plans to expand in 2018, Crown Maple takes advantages of the amenities only Dutchess County can provide and has become a favorite brand for locals and premier chefs alike. Read more about Crown Maple's success here.
Founded in 1945, Pawling Engineered Products started out small making compression seals for military ammunition cases, and has since grown into a global supplier of rubber and plastic architectural products. One of Dutchess County's largest manufacturers, the company supplies products as far as the Middle East, and in a variety of industries, including aerospace, defense, transportation, pharmaceuticals, life sciences and energy.
Since 1864, Marshall & Sterling has thrived in Dutchess County's seat, the City of Poughkeepsie. The insurance company's 30-plus employees are also its stakeholders. This community staple proudly provides business, personal and life insurance to the Hudson Valley and beyond, and has benefited greatly from doing business in Dutchess County for many years.
A certified advanced manufacturing facility in Poughkeepsie, Schatz Bearing builds high-quality products for many industries, including aerospace, automation, robotics, medical equipment and construction and agricultural machinery. The company benefits from Dutchess County's prime location, accessibility and resources.
Launched in Poughkeepsie in 1903, this family-owned business has chosen to manufacture jams, jellies, and fruit fillings in Dutchess County for over a century. Today, EFCO Products supplies to wholesalers, retailers and food processors worldwide, like Dunkin Donuts. Learn more about this Global business with Poughkeepsie roots in their company profile.
Founded by Dutchess County native and self-proclaimed "computer geek" Adam Albertelli in 2014, Bolt Mechanics is now a leader in mobile automotive mechanics. Seeking lower operating costs and faster business permitting time, the company recently moved from NYC to Poughkeepsie, and within a year had already expanded nearly doubling its footprint.
Resurrecting Poughkeepsie's brewing heritage while taking advantage of local resources and a growing entrepreneurial energy, Mill House Brewing Company opened in 2013 as a restaurant and brewpub. The trendy company has already expanded, acquiring additional production space and distribution capabilities not far down the road from its staple restaurant.
Founded in 1996 in NYC's Gramercy Park, it didn't take long for this agri-food leader to move upstate. Today, Irving Farm Coffee is distributed in trendy grocery stores like Whole Foods enjoys major roasting and retail operations in Dutchess County alongside their growing cafes, wholesale and educational programs.
Developed by one of Dutchess County's longstanding entrepreneurs, Brud Hodgkins, Indoor Organic Gardens of Poughkeepsie transformed an old Dutchess County dime store into the future of New York State agtech. Today, the startup sustainably produces 12 to 16 pounds of microgreens weekly, which are sold to more than a dozen of the region's top restaurants.
Dutchess County is the home of internationally renowned tea blender Harney & Sons, a family-owned-and-managed operation since getting its start in 1983 from the basement of founder John Harney. Now headquartered in Millerton, these tea masters employ more than 200 people and sell their teas in Target stores worldwide.


Some of you may be wondering what I mean by this. Of course a Kindle Fire can be networked, it's got a built-in WiFi interface. Yes, but that's not what I mean. Instead, it's now become my favorite way to read both technical and non technical books.
Using a Kindle Fire as a standalone documentation window.
The Kindle Fire is the device sitting just below my large monitor. Why do i have it set like this? It makes for an excellent place to read something technical and place it right at eye level when I'm working. It makes it easier for me to see and compare what is on the page and what I am actively working with. It lets me shift from book to book without my having to clutter up my physical desk or my computer screen.
While those are all good, the best benefit actually turns out to be what I now call the "Zed Shaw Effect" or "Hard Way Effect" (ZSE, HWE, sorry, there's no cool acronym there). What are those? The fact that I can see the text, I can read the text, I can ponder the text, but I cannot copy and paste the text. From working through Learn Ruby the Hard Way, I am now a firm believer that, if you want to learn a technical concept, you have to do it, not just read it, and seriously, you need to type that sucker out. That means making typos. It means cussing a little under your breath. It means re-doing what you thought you did correctly. It means you actually learn it by struggling a bit with it.
There's lots of reasons why a Kindle Fire may be a good investment for you (or hey, fill in the blank with your favorite tablet, the Fire just happens to be what I have). This, above, is my #1 reason :).


This lovely white cotton batiste dress was hand made in the Philippines in the 1930s. It features pintucking on both the front and the back with delicate white embroidery. It has a simple round neckline and the short puffed sleeves have sleeve bands. The dress closes in the back with two small buttons and is finished with a 2?" hem topped with hemstitching and elaborate embroidery.
A beautiful heirloom portrait dress, christening dress, or special occasion dress for your baby girl!


Bonnie Parker and the vicious circle.
The above poster is the Japanese promo for The Bonnie Parker Story, which starred Dorothy Provine in a fictionalized yarn about the famous outlaw's fast life and early death. The movie premiered in 1958 in the U.S., and in Japan today in 1960. On the surface it's a teenybopper oriented b-cheapie, courtesy of American International Pictures, but there's more entertainment value than you'd expect, especially from a movie where history dictates the ending. Quentin Tarantino famously loves the film, but we wouldn't go so far as to call it an overlooked gem. It's more of a cult curiosity. Provine says, "We got ourselves a one way ticket. There's nothing you can do once you get on but ride right to the end of the line." The end of the line is death in a hail of bullets, but the ride makes The Bonnie Parker Story worth a look. If you want to watch it, for the moment you can catch it on YouTube (with French subtitles). You can also see a cool promo from the film here.


Providence, R.I., Weybosset Street from Darranse St.
Visit us at Steingold Volvo in Pawtucket, RI for your new or used Volvo car. We are a premier Volvo dealer in RI providing a comprehensive inventory, always at a great price. We serve Pawtucket, Providence, Barrington, Attleboro and Seekonk, MA.
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Visit us at Tasca Lincoln in Cranston for your new or used Lincoln car. We are a premier Lincoln dealer providing a comprehensive inventory, always at a great price. We're proud to serve Providence, Warwick, Johnston RI and Smithfield RI.
Serving the state of Rhode Island, BMW of Warwick is the best place to purchase your next BMW. View photos and details of our entire new and used inventory!
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Search Flood Mazda's online Mazda dealership and browse our comprehensive selection of new cars, trucks and SUVs. Buy a new or used Mazda in Wakefield at Flood Mazda. Serving Cranston, Providence, Warwick and Narragansett.


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Karatigin o Karategin (Karatakon o Karatekin) és una regió de l'Àsia central al Tadjikistan, creuada pels rius Wakhsh o Surkhab (Kizil Su). La capital històrica és la ciutat de Garm.

Història
Era un principat hefatlita amb capital a Kala Rasht (moderna Harm o Garm). Va formar una marca fronterera amb una muralla construïda per al-Fadl ibn Barmak. La regió no s'ha de confondre amb el país dels komedes o kumidjs, nom que els àrabs van donar a una regió més enllà de Rasht (Kumidh o Kumadh, en xinès Kiumi-t'o). Els sobirans locals van conservar el poder per segles. Fins al  només es coneix un emir, Djafar ibn Shamaniku, que governava en temps de Tamerlà.

Al  la regió s'anomenava Kayir Tegin o Kayir Tigin. Segons l'etimologia popular el nom deriva del turc i vol dir "espina negra"; la població era kirguiz i uzbek. Al  els sobirans del país pretenien descendir d'Alexandre el Gran igual que els de Badakhxan; en aquest temps eren vassalls del kanat de Kokand probablement des de 1834 sota Muhammad Ali Khan (1822-1842). Amb el kan Alim Khan, els habitants de Karatigin formaven la majoria del seu exèrcit. Malla Khan (1858-1862) va fer una campanya contra Karatigin, època en què era kan Muzaffar Khan després Muzaffar Shah, que després fou capturat el 1869 per forces de Bukharà i portat a aquesta ciutat captiu; per la mediació del governador general rus K. O. Von Kauffmann, Muzaffar fou restablert al seu principat, però a la seva mort el 1877 fou annexionat a Bukhara. Gent del país va participar en la lluita a Fergana contra els russos (1874-1876). La frontera entre Fergana i Karatigin fou definida per un tractat signat el 9 de setembre de 1876 entre M. D. Skobelew i un germà del sobirà de nom Sufi Khan.

Després de l'annexió va formar una província de 10.792 km² i 60.000 habitants (vers 1890) amb majoria tadjik. El primer europeu que va estar al país fou V. Oshanin el 1878. El territori va seguir la història del kanat de Bukharà fins a la formació de les repúbliques soviètiques de l'Àsia central. Va formar part de la RSS del Tadjiskistan que el 1991 va esdevenir independent. Dins d'aquesta república soviètica va formar la regió (oblast) de Garm (vers 1924-1993) anomenada sovint Karategin i després Regió de Subordinació Republicana (tadjik: Ноҳияҳои тобеи ҷумҳурӣ, Nohiyahoi tobei jumhurī; rus: Районы республиканского подчинения, Rayonî respublikanskogo podchineniya).

A la guerra civil el Karategin (1992-1996) va estar al bàndol de l'oposició islàmica; els rebels van dominar Garm. La Regió de Subordinació Republicana està formada per tretze districtes sota direcció directe del govern de l'estat. Els districtes són:
 Tursunzoda (abans Regar)
 Shahrinaw
 Hisor
 Rudaki (abans Leninskiy)
 Varzob
 Vahdat (abans Kofarnihon)
 Faizobod
 Roghun
 Nurobod (Darband)
 Rasht (Gharm)
 Tavildara
 Tojikobod
 Jirgatol

Bibliografia
 Vassili Vladímirovitx Bartold, Turquestan des de la invasió mongol

Emirats històrics
Principats
Tadjikistan

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


There are a number of ways to improve unsightly teeth. You can, of course, replace them with dental implants — but not if they're still viable. You can crown them: however, you'll have to significantly reduce their structure for the crowns to fit over them.
There is another less invasive option for teeth with mild to moderate imperfections — you can cover them with porcelain veneers. As the name implies, a veneer is a thin covering of dental porcelain bonded to the outside surface of a tooth. They literally put a "new face" on chipped, stained or slightly gapped teeth.
You'll first need a dental examination to ensure your teeth are reasonably healthy and that you don't have any significant dental problems that could interfere with the veneers. We can then design your veneers' shape and color to achieve the look you desire. We can also create a temporary "trial smile" with acrylic replicas of your proposed veneers to give you a realistic impression of your future smile.
The next step is the possibility the teeth need to be prepared for the veneers. Although quite thin, veneers can still make the teeth look larger or bulky. To compensate, we remove some of the tooth enamel. Although much less than for a crown, this alteration is still permanent: your teeth will need some form of restoration from now on. There are also "no-prep" veneers, which require no tooth surface reduction. Ask us if this is an option.
We then make an impression of the teeth, which with other information will guide a technician at a dental laboratory to manually create your new veneers. This can take several weeks and requires a high degree of artistry to produce a custom product that will match your teeth.
Once they've arrived, we'll use a permanent bonding process to precisely attach them to your teeth. It will then be up to you to care for your veneers, especially not biting down on anything hard that could chip or crack them. You should also maintain regular dental visits and proper oral hygiene to keep your smile as bright and attractive as possible.
Although small in size, veneers can make a big impression. They can restore the smile you once had — or give you the look you've always wanted.


text:
Q: Averages of the two closest pairs out of a set of four observations Four random numbers are drawn at random from a standard normal distribution. They are grouped in two pairs of closest numbers, $\{x_1, x_2\}$ and $\{x_3, x_4\}$ so that $x_1\le x_2 \le x_3 \le x_4$, and the average of each pair is computed. What are the expected averages of each pair? I found papers dealing with the averages of 2 out 3 observations (e.g., here), but I wasn't able to find anything for this specific problem.

A: Let $\Phi$ be the standard Normal distribution and
$$\phi(z) = \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}z}\Phi(z) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}}e^{-z^2/2}$$
be its density function.  The the largest of a sample $(x_1,x_2,x_3,x_4)$ from this distribution, often written $x_{4;4},$ has distribution function
$$\Pr(x_{4;4}\le z) = \Pr(x_1\le z;x_2\le z; x_3\le z;x_4\le z) = \Phi(z)^4$$
(the latter arising from the independence of the $x_i$) and therefore has density
$$\phi_{4;4}(z) = \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}z} \Phi(z)^4 =  4\Phi(z)^{3}\phi(z).$$
Its expectation can be simplified a little via integration by parts upon exploiting the basic relation $\phi^\prime(z) = -z\phi(z),$ whence
$$\int z\,\Phi(z)^{3}\phi(z)\mathrm{d}z = -\phi(z)\Phi^{3}(z)\bigg|_{-\infty}^\infty + \int 3\Phi(z)^{2} \phi(z)^2\mathrm{d}z.$$
At this juncture we need a "trick"--a new idea.  One that works is to introduce a new variable $a$ and analyze the function
$$g_2(a) = \int \Phi(a z)^2 \phi(z)\,\mathrm{d}z.$$
This is differentiable, with a derivative we may compute mechanically as
$$\begin{aligned}
\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}z}  g_2(a) &=  \int \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}z}  \Phi(a z)^2 \phi(z)\,\mathrm{d}z \\
&= 2\int  z \phi(az)  \Phi(a z) \phi(z)\,\mathrm{d}z \\
&= \frac{2}{2\pi}\int  z  \Phi(a z)\exp\left(-(z^2 + a^2z^2)/2\right) \,\mathrm{d}z \\
&= \frac{2}{2\pi(1+a^2)}\int  z(1+a^2)  \Phi(a z)\exp\left(-(z^2 + a^2z^2)/2\right) \,\mathrm{d}z \\
&= \frac{2}{2\pi(1+a^2)}\int  \Phi(a z)\,\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}z} \exp\left(-(z^2 + a^2z^2)/2\right) \,\mathrm{d}z
\end{aligned}$$
This last expression is a lovely candidate for an integration by parts: because the exponential decreases rapidly for large $|z|,$ the resulting integral is
$$\begin{aligned}
\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}z}  g_2(a) &= \frac{2}{2\pi(1+a^2)}\int  \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}z} \Phi(a z)\,\exp\left(-(z^2 + a^2z^2)/2\right) \,\mathrm{d}z \\
 &= \frac{2a}{2\pi(1+a^2)\sqrt{2\pi}}\int \exp(-a^2z^2/2)\,\exp\left(-(z^2 + a^2z^2)/2\right) \,\mathrm{d}z \\
&= \frac{2a}{2\pi(1+a^2)\sqrt{1+2a^2}}.
\end{aligned}$$
The last evaluation arises by noting the integrand is a multiple of a Normal density function (with variance $1+2a^2$).
$g_2(a)$ can be recovered by integrating this expression with respect to $a.$  It can be computed via elementary means (substitutions), yielding
$$g_2(a) = C + \frac{1}{\pi} \tan^{-1}\sqrt{1 + 2a^2}$$
and, since $g_2(0) = \Phi(0)^2\int \phi(z)\mathrm{d}z = 1/4,$ the constant of integration is $C=0.$
This applies to our previous analysis to produce
$$E[x_{4;4}] = \int z \phi_{4;4}(z)\,\mathrm{d}z = 4 \int 3\Phi(z)^2\phi(z)^2\,\mathrm{d}z = \frac{12}{{2\pi}} \int \Phi(z)^2 e^{-z^2}\,\mathrm{d}z.$$
Substituting $z = u/\sqrt{2}$ puts this into the form

$$E[x_{4;4}]  = \frac{12}{\sqrt{2\pi}}\frac{1}{\sqrt 2}\, g_2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt 2}\right) = \frac{6}{\pi \sqrt{\pi}}\tan^{-1}\sqrt{2} \approx 1.029375\ldots$$

This is the only integral we need compute, because the distribution function of the second-highest sample value is
$$\Pr(x_{4;3} \le z) = 12 \Phi(z)^2(1-\Phi(z))\phi(z),$$
giving
$$E[x_{4;3}] = 12 \int z\left[\Phi(z)^2(1-\Phi(z))\phi(z)\right]\,\mathrm{d}z = 4E[x_{3;3}] - 3E[x_{4;4}].$$
To find the expectation of $x_{3;3},$ integrate by parts as before to produce an integral in the form of How can I calculate $\int^{\infty}_{-\infty}\Phi\left(\frac{w-a}{b}\right)\phi(w)\,\mathrm dw$.  The result is $3/(2\sqrt{\pi}).$  Thus

$$E[x_{4;3}] = 4\frac{3}{2\sqrt\pi} - 3\frac{6}{\pi \sqrt{\pi}}\tan^{-1}\sqrt{2} \approx 0.29701138\ldots$$

Finally, the question asks for the expectations

$$-E[(x_{4;1} + x_{4;2})/2] = E[(x_{4;4} + x_{4;3})/2] = \frac{3}{\pi\sqrt\pi} \tan^{-1}\sqrt{2} - \frac{3}{2\sqrt \pi} \approx 0.69424101\ldots$$

These are negatives of each other because the standard Normal distribution has a mean of zero, which implies
$$\begin{aligned}
0 &= (E[x_1] + E[x_2])/2 + (E[X_3] + E[x_4])/2 \\
&= E[x_1+\cdots + x_4]/2 \\&= E[x_{4;1} + \cdots x_{4;4}]/2 \\&= E[(x_{4;1}+x_{4;2})/2] + E[(x_{4;3}+x_{4;4})/2].\end{aligned}$$
Reference
Similar techniques can be applied to find positive integral moments of order statistics from random Normal samples of sizes $n=1,2,3,4,5.$  For larger sample sizes, numerical integration appears to be required.
Balakrishnan, N. and A. Clifford Cohen, Order Statistics and Inference.  Academic Press, 1991: Section 3.9.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
One of the World's Leading Exhibitors – Cinemex Selects GDC as Provider of Media Servers
Exhibition News • Boxoffice Staff • April 08 2019
LAS VEGAS, April 4, 2019 — GDC Technology Limited, a leading global provider of digital cinema solutions, announced today it has won a solicited proposal to be Cinemex's exclusive provider of digital cinema servers for the calendar year 2019. Cinemex is Mexico's second largest theatre circuit and operates 2,936 screens at 340 sites in 99 cities such as Mexico City, Guadalajara, Monterrey, Toluca, Juarez, Leon, Tijuana, Mexicali, Puebla and other Mexican cities. The agreement involves the deployment of the GDC SR-1000 Standalone Integrated Media Block™ , which was launched at CinemaCon 2018, at all of Cinemex's new construction projects in Mexico.
"At Cinemex we base our partnerships on trust. We firmly believe GDC is one of the most trusted names in the cinema industry, said Rolando Maggi, Cinemex Director of Operations. "Extending our relationship was based upon GDC's exceptional post-sales support, history of innovation, reliable products, and their passion to improve the experience for our guests."
Cinemex introduced its first multiplex in Mexico in 1995 and known for introducing new innovations to provide the best possible moviegoing experience at all its cinemas. Cinemex has always strived to offer moviegoers outstanding customer services, value and enjoyment based on its continuous evolution. This agreement provides Cinemex with GDC digital cinema servers designed with the latest and most powerful semiconductor technology for near zero maintenance and minimal total cost of ownership.
"We're delighted to build on our partnership and expand our presence with Cinemex, one of the world's leading exhibitors" said Michael Fernandez, vice president of sales for the GDC Latin America region. "Cinemex has been a valued partner since 2012. By selecting GDC again from the possible candidates, Cinemex will have ultra-reliable technology to help them achieve their mission of being the best at entertaining people."
Cinemex GDC GDC Technology GDC Technology Limited
Cinemark Building Eight-Screen Dine-In Theater at La Plaza Mall in Texas
Boxoffice Staff • Jul 17th
PRESS RELEASE PLANO, Texas–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Jul. 17, 2019– Cinemark Holdings, Inc., (NYSE: CNK), a leader in the motion picture exhibition industry, announced today plans to build an eight-screen dine-in theatre at La Plaza Mall in McAllen, Texas. Construction is scheduled to begin in April 2020 with plans to...
CGR's ICE Premium Large Format Concept Set to Make U.S. Debut
Vassiliki Malouchou • Jul 17th
Regal L.A. Live to Host the First ICE Premium Large Format Auditorium in the United States The Premium Large Format (PLF) field just got a little more crowded. The leading French circuit, CGR Cinemas will bring its first immersive ICE...
Tyler Cooper Named CFO of Harkins Theatres
PRESS RELEASE Scottsdale, AZ: July 16, 2019 – Harkins Theatres has announced the ascension of Tyler Cooper to Chief Financial Officer, effective July 1. Most recently the company's Executive Vice President, Cooper celebrated his 20-year anniversary with Arizona-based movie exhibitor this...
Alamo Drafthouse's Video Vortex Reimagines the Old-School Video Store
Who said DVDs are dead? To the delight of Angeleno cinephiles, Alamo Drafthouse will bring its Video Vortex, an 80's reimagined "video store/bar/arcade/board game store", to its soon-to-be-opened Los Angeles location. The video rental store will rent DVDs and Blurays...


I've got a standard issue plate, but if I went the vanity route — which allows a maximum of seven characters, including hypens, spaces, etc. — mine should probably read ETZALOT. As of this morning, according to the Washington State Department of Licensing, which keeps track of such things, it's mine for the asking.
Have you seen any other fun eats-and-drinks-related license plates? Do you have one? And if you don't, what would yours say if you did?


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Home / Family, Couple and Systemic Therapy
Family Therapy: Concepts Process and Practice: Third Edition
Author(s) : Alan Carr
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
Also by Alan Carr
Clinical Psychology: An Introduction
The Handbook of Adult Clinical Psychology: An Evidence...
The Handbook of Child and Adolescent Clinical Psychology: A...
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Now in its third edition, this highly regarded and well-established textbook includes up-to-date coverage of recent advances in family therapy practice and reviews of latest research, whilst retaining the popular structure and chapter features of previous editions.
* Presents a unique, integrative approach to the theory and practice of family therapy
* Distinctive style addresses family behaviour patterns, family belief systems and narratives, and broader contextual factors in problem formation and resolution
* Shows how the model can be applied to address issues of childhood and adolescence (e.g. conduct problems, drug abuse) and of adulthood (e.g. marital distress, anxiety, depression)
* Student-friendly features: chapters begin with a chapter plan and conclude with a summary of key points; theoretical chapters include a glossary of new terms; case studies and further reading suggestions are included throughout
Professor Alan Carr is the director of the Doctoral training programme in clinical psychology at University College Dublin and Consultant Couple and Family Therapist at the Clanwilliam Institute in Dublin. He has published over 20 books and 200 academic papers and conference presentations in the fields of family therapy and clinical psychology. He has extensive experience in family therapy and clinical psychology, having worked in the field in the UK, Ireland, and Canada.
More titles by Alan Carr
Bridging the Gap: A Training Module in Personal and Professional Development
Judy Hildebrand
Perspectives on Supervision
Family Therapy: 100 Key Points and Techniques
Mark Rivett
Functional Family Therapy in Clinical Practice: An Evidence-Based Treatment...
Thomas L. Sexton


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The Mars Volta's Self-Titled Album is a Simpler Yet Wholly Satisfying Return
The band's first new album in a decade largely recaptures their one-of-a-kind brilliance
The Mars Volta, photo by Fat Bob
Jordan Blum
September 13, 2022 | 11:00am ET
There's never been another band quite like The Mars Volta. The Texan troupe — spearheaded by guitarist Omar Rodríguez-López and vocalist Cedric Bixler-Zavala — grew out of post-hardcore outfit At the Drive-In and became one of the most distinctive rock bands of the 2000s. By fusing a host of different styles (progressive rock, ambient, Spanish rock, psychedelia, free jazz, and plenty more) with delightfully strange concepts, all six of their initial studio albums offered something typical yet special.
Unfortunately, they called it quits following 2012's Noctourniquet, with both Bixler-Zavala and Rodríguez-López choosing instead to focus on solo work and newer projects (such as Bosnian Rainbows and Zavalaz, respectively).
Of course, the mid-2010s saw the short-lived reunion of At the Drive-In (including 2017's in•ter a•li•a, their first new record since 2000's Relationship of Command); naturally, this development — alongside the duo forming Antemasque, and Cloud Hill Group releasing a career-spanning Mars Volta boxset, La Realidad de Los Sueños, in 2021 — prompted a ton of speculation and desire regarding a potential comeback for The Mars Volta, too.
That more or less brings us to The Mars Volta, the ensemble's seventh studio LP and first in over ten years.
Billed as the band's first pop record — with an emphasis on Caribbean rhythms — it drew inspiration from Peter Gabriel's 1986 triumph, So, which (the press release notes) "saw one of rock's most experimental, progressive and generally uncooperative voices find a way to deliver his avant garde ideas and powerful subversion in a way that mainstream audiences would be able to decode."
A Beginner's Guide to The Mars Volta in 10 Songs
The same holds true for this LP, which sees Rodríguez-López and Bixler-Zavala teaming up with drummer Willy Rodriguez Quiñones, bassist Eva Gardner, and Omar's younger brother, keyboardist Marcel Rodríguez-López.
On the Spectacular COPINGMECHANISM, WILLOW Saves Herself
Slipknot's THE END, SO FAR Is One for the Maggots and Beyond: Review
Björk Is as Vibrant as Ever on the Moving, Earthy Fossora
The Anxiety and Ambition of Yeah Yeah Yeahs' Cool It Down
On Hold the Girl, Rina Sawayama Epitomizes the Healing Power of Pop Music
Ozzy Osbourne Is a Bright Light on Star-Studded Album Patient Number 9: Review
Natural Brown Prom Queen Is Sudan Archives' Brilliant Homecoming
Muse's Will of the People is Vague, Jumbled, and Unimaginative: Review
The Mars Volta's Self-Titled Album is a Simpler Yet Wholly Satisfying Return


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Importance placed on Best Before & Use By Dates changes by age group and life stage, Bridgethorne Shopper Index finds.
By Bridgethorne|2017-07-31T14:58:52+01:00July 4th, 2016|Category Shopper & Sales|
There are marked differences in our approaches to food waste and how we shop for food based on "Best Before" and "Use By" dates on food packaging, new research has found.
In its latest Shopper Index, category and shopper management specialist Bridgethorne found that shoppers claim to regularly refer to use-by dates, with 75% of us looking more than 2-3 times per week, suggesting that ensuring we have the freshest products in our cupboards is important to us.
The over 55s seem more pragmatic about using food that is past a sell-by date, probably using past knowledge and experience to judge if it is okay to eat. Less experienced shoppers, however, are the least confident and rely much more on the advice on pack as to whether it should be used. 96% of retired people compared with 86% of those at the pre-family life stage say they understand the difference between "Best Before" and "Use By" dates. At home women are likely to check "Best Before" and "Use By" dates more regularly than men – 40% daily compared with just 29% of men. 53% of those in the pre-family life stage check daily compared with just 37% of families and only 33% of empty nesters.
But when out shopping the difference is event more noticeable. Unsurprisingly it is fresh products that shoppers check most frequently and for which they are most reliant on dates to help decide whether to use or throw away. Fresh meat and fish is the category where we pay most attention to "Best Before" and "Use By" dates with 66% of respondents saying they check labels every time they plan to buy. The over 55s seem most concerned with 82% always checking before they buy compared to just 68% of the 35-54 age group and only 39% of the 18-34 age group.
This is closely followed by chilled dairy products, where 64% of respondents say they always check labelling when shopping, compared with only half who check chilled ready meals every time. Just 16% of respondents say they check "Best Before" and "Use By" dates on tinned food and jars when shopping.
Nearly half of respondents (46%) say they think twice about using food beyond its "Best Before" or "Use By" date (51% among women); 39% of the over 55s say they ignore the dates and use the food anyway. 56% of respondents say that if items are close to their "Best Before" or "Use By" dates they are less likely to buy them, although this is significantly higher among Pre family (69%) compared with just 54% of families, 52% of empty nesters and 54% of those who are retired.
The freezer appear to have an important role to play with 39% of shoppers claiming to use it in order to ensure that food is eaten at its freshest. Retailers are doing their bit to help, providing storage advice on loose produce bags, reminding us that keeping most fruit & veg in the fridge helps it stay fresher for longer and to ensure we waste as little as possible.
"The data from this Shopper Index shows that there is a high level of understanding about the difference between Best Buy and Use By dates," comments John Nevens, Joint Managing Director, Bridgethorne.
"However, the difference between this and how different shoppers act on the information available to them on products suggest that shoppers are comfortable using this information to make their own decisions about what they should buy and when."
The Index also found that recycling household waste and reducing food waste are issues that take on greater importance to us as we get older and are far more important to women than to men.
Recycling household waste is our top environmental concern, named by nearly three quarters of respondents, followed closely by saving household energy (70%) and reducing food waste (69%). However, all three were ranked as higher in importance by women than men: 75% of women were concerned with reducing food waste compared to just 54% of men.
Around 15 million tonnes of food waste is thrown away every year; with nearly 50% of this coming from households (Source: Love Food Hate Waste website) and an overwhelming 94% of shoppers agree that it is important. These issues appear to grow in importance the older we get. Just 63% of 18-34s said recycling household waste and reducing food waste were importance issues, compared with 86% and 79% of the over 55s respectively.
Although nearly a third of us think that retailers and manufacturers have a role to play, the majority believe we are jointly responsible as individuals for the reduction of food waste. However, The difference in attitude between age groups was also evident here, with only 68% of 18-34s assuming personal responsibility compared with 91% of 35-54 ad 92% of over 55s.
"Shoppers are engaged with environmental issues, but the desire to reduce waste and recycle, is greater than the reality of what shoppers actually do," continues Nevens.
"Food waste is linked with communications on pack. The older generations are less reliant on this information, choosing to rely more on experience and senses, to decide if something is okay to consume. But more practical solutions to reduce food waste for younger shoppers could be really helpful to educate them on how to use products that could otherwise have been thrown away."
The Bridgethorne Shopper Index is a quarterly survey of shopper opinions from category and shopper management specialist, Bridgethorne. It gauges satisfaction, loyalty and future propensity to purchase.
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This article reports on some recent algorithmic development for the Rural Postman Problem (CPP) and for the Capacitated Arc Routing Problem (CARP). Heuristics are described for the RPP and for the CARP. A branch-and-cut algorithm is described for the RPP.


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Gypsy Camp Meadows, Thrandeston is a  biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Thrandeston in Suffolk.

These wet meadows on poorly drained boulder clay have a rich variety of flora, and drainage ditches, areas of drier grassland and hedges add to the diversity. Plants include early purple orchid, ragged robin, zig-zag clover and water avens.

The site is private land with no public access.

References

Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Suffolk


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All posts tagged "Toby Dawson"
Toby Dawson Inducted into Skiers' Hall of Fame
Toby Dawson, a Korean American athlete who won a bronze medal in men's mogul skiing at the 2006 Winter Olympics, has become the first man of Korean parentage to be inducted into the U.S. Ski and Snowboard...
First Choi-ce
Choi Jae-woo becomes the first Korean in Olympic moguls final By Kwon Ji-youn Freestyle skier Choi Jae-woo made history Monday night, securing a spot in the men's moguls final at the Sochi Winter Olympic Games, something a...
Korea bumps out of the gate
Injury shakes freestyle skier, curling team has ice worries By Kim Tong-hyung For Korean freestyle skier Seo Jung-hwa, the Winter Olympics nearly ended before they started. The 24-year-old landed awkwardly during a practice run at Sochi's Rosa...
Mogul skiers to start Games tonight
By Jung Min-ho Mogul skiers Seo Jung-hwa and Seo Ji-won will begin Korea's Olympic quest in Sochi before the Games' official opening on Friday (PST). At Rosa Khutor Extreme Park in Krasnaya Polyana, a mountainous region just...
Mogul skier Choi aims for Korea's first medal on snow By Kwon Ji-youn A tree is known by its fruit. When Choi Jae-woo began skiing at the age of 4 with his father,...


WASHINGTON - A plastic shunt that can temporarily rejoin the severed blood vessels of soldiers wounded on the battlefield won federal approval Friday, following an expedited review.
Citing what it called a critical need for the shunt, the Food and Drug Administration took less than a week to review and clear for marketing the Temporary Limb Salvage Shunt. The FDA did so following consultations with the U.S. Air Force, which had been approached by the device's manufacturer. Similar reviews typically take 60 to 90 days.
Lt. Col. Todd E. Rasmussen, an Air Force vascular surgeon who helped champion the shunt, said one or two soldiers a week wounded in Iraq or Afghanistan could benefit from the device.
For most, it won't be a matter of saving a limb outright but rather salvaging the quality of a wounded leg or arm, Rasmussen said. "By that, I mean the muscles work better,� he added.
Since the start of the Iraq war, more than 500 soldiers have lost limbs, many to injuries suffered in roadside bombings.
"This device has been used successfully by other countries, and is particularly important to serve our men and women in the armed forces who are seriously injured in combat,� FDA devices chief Dr. Daniel Schultz said.
The tubelike device is designed to connect the two ends of a severed blood vessel, providing a temporary bridge or shunt around a wound to restore blood flow to an injured limb, the FDA said. It's approved for both military and civilian use as a stopgap measure until a trauma victim can undergo surgery.
The Temporary Limb Salvage Shunt is made by Vascutek Ltd., of Renfrew, Scotland. Its parent company is Japan's Terumo Corp.
For now, Vascutek is giving away the shunts to the military to evaluate, said Mac Ritchie, vice president of U.S. subsidiary Vascutek USA. It has no immediate plans to market them for civilian use, he added.
A plastic shunt that can temporarily rejoin the severed blood vessels of soldiers wounded on the battlefield won federal approval Friday, following an expedited review.


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<!DOCTYPE html>

    <meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0;URL=fn.shm_unlink.html">

Redirecting to fn.shm_unlink.html...


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#pragma once
#include <aws/mediapackage-vod/MediaPackageVod_EXPORTS.h>
#include <aws/mediapackage-vod/model/SpekeKeyProvider.h>
#include <utility>

namespace Aws
{
namespace Utils
{
namespace Json
{
  class JsonValue;
  class JsonView;
} // namespace Json
} // namespace Utils
namespace MediaPackageVod
{
namespace Model
{

  /**
   * A CMAF encryption configuration.

See Also:
   AWS
   * API Reference

   */
  class AWS_MEDIAPACKAGEVOD_API CmafEncryption
  {
  public:
    CmafEncryption();
    CmafEncryption(Aws::Utils::Json::JsonView jsonValue);
    CmafEncryption& operator=(Aws::Utils::Json::JsonView jsonValue);
    Aws::Utils::Json::JsonValue Jsonize() const;

    inline const SpekeKeyProvider& GetSpekeKeyProvider() const{ return m_spekeKeyProvider; }

    inline bool SpekeKeyProviderHasBeenSet() const { return m_spekeKeyProviderHasBeenSet; }

    inline void SetSpekeKeyProvider(const SpekeKeyProvider& value) { m_spekeKeyProviderHasBeenSet = true; m_spekeKeyProvider = value; }

    inline void SetSpekeKeyProvider(SpekeKeyProvider&& value) { m_spekeKeyProviderHasBeenSet = true; m_spekeKeyProvider = std::move(value); }

    inline CmafEncryption& WithSpekeKeyProvider(const SpekeKeyProvider& value) { SetSpekeKeyProvider(value); return *this;}

    inline CmafEncryption& WithSpekeKeyProvider(SpekeKeyProvider&& value) { SetSpekeKeyProvider(std::move(value)); return *this;}

  private:

    SpekeKeyProvider m_spekeKeyProvider;
    bool m_spekeKeyProviderHasBeenSet;
  };

} // namespace Model
} // namespace MediaPackageVod
} // namespace Aws


Meditation- How do I start???
1. Set up a place for sitting – try and pick same place, same time, same cushion or mat where you will sit and breathe each time.
2. Use a timer- Use a meditation app like Calm to track your sessions and time them so you don't have to be worrying about the clock. Start with 3 minutes and just sit until the timer goes off.
3. Be alert and relaxed – your body stature affects your state of mind and presence. Upright back and yet also relaxed in muscle tension. Don't be so comfortable you fall asleep! Lol.
4. Begin with the breathe – notice the air flow coming into your nose and out of your body. Breathe naturally.
5. Find your anchor – where do you notice this amazing gift of breathing? At the end of your nostril where the hairs move as you inhale? Or maybe farther up your nostril as thy flare? Maybe it is the rise and fall of your chest. Find your sensation and make that the focus of your attention.
6. Train your concentration – observe your breathing…as the monkeys start wanting to play and thoughts begin coming in, recognize them gently and then let them go. Then refocus back on your breathe.
7. Enjoy the rest and rejuvenation of meditation. Relax and embrace the journey!
Try this tonight before bed!!!
** For more posts about this topic, check out the category Mindfulness & Meditation to the right! Enjoy!


Positive affirmations - Did you know changing a few simple thoughts could possibly change your life?
What are you saying to yourself on a daily basis?
Do you tell yourself you love yourself or you hate yourself?
Do you look in the mirror and go, "OMG, look at how fat I am!" or do you say, "It's okay, I know I have some weight or body fat to lose but I can do it."?
Do you say "I can't do that" or "I'm too tired or maybe later"?
Do you say "I don't have enough," "I'll never get caught up," or "I'll always be struggling"?
"I'll never find my soul mate."
"I found my soul mate, but I'm not with them any longer so at least I got to experience love, but I won't find another like him/her."
"I'm doomed to be with the same person every time, with a different name."
"I'm not good enough for him/her."
"Why do I always attract losers?"
"Once he sees who I really am he'll leave me."
Really give this thought. What is it that you say to yourself on a daily basis? I ask all of the above questions to show how your thoughts create your reality. Words are very powerful and we must choose them carefully and wisely. That's right, our words are a choice as everything else is in life.
Start monitoring what you are saying to yourself.
I am on my way to a healthier me.
I am attracting the person of my dreams.
I create a life of joy.
It's okay, I gained some weight, now I'm taking it off.
I am beautiful just the way I am and getting better and better by the day.
You may choose to state everything in the present.
I am with the love of my life.
I am happy and fit.
I have a beautiful body.
Whatever works for you. Do it. Don't wait another day. It's what keeps me going on a daily basis. Am I human? Do I look at myself in the mirror some days and say, "How did I let this happen"? Yes...but for the most part now, I say "You are doing a good job Marion, keep doing the best you can do"!
Here's to WORDS/POSITIVE AFFIRMATIONS... make them GOOD ones!!!!!
Write them down on a Post-it and leave it in your car, on your desk, in your wallet. Here are some examples.


A few years ago, PSFK wrote about an emerging technology from Israeli company Lumus. Now, they've released a new pair of glasses that lets the wearer view video content from the internet, movies and TV with their large, high-resolution virtual screen. The eyewear is see-through, providing simultaneous connectivity to what you want to watch and your surroundings.
The glasses project an 87-inch screen about 10 feet in front of the wearer that can only be viewed by them, passers-by will just see a pair of unusual specs. The video image is overlayed onto reality, allowing them to watch without obscuring visibility. The glasses project a 720p image and a full-HD version is in the works.
The lenses, which can be adjusted for those with poor eyesight, have a unique see-through display that allows for situational awareness while viewing content. So you can perform real-world tasks while watching TV, a movie, browsing the internet, playing a video game, viewing GPS information or checking your emails. When you turn them off, the picture disappears completely, and you can use them just like normal glasses.


Concepts can be considered as ideas, objects, or events that help us understand the world around us. Misconceptions, on the other hand can be described as ideas that provide an incorrect understanding of such ideas, objects, or events that are constructed based on a person's experience including such things as preconceived notions, non-scientific beliefs, naïve theories, mixed conceptions or conceptual misunderstandings.
Misconceptions themselves can be related to such things as misunderstanding factual information or being given conflicting information from credible sources such as parents and teachers.
A lot of people who hold misconceptions do not even know that their ideas are false or incorrect. When they are told they are wrong, they often have a hard time giving up their misconceptions, especially if they have held this understanding for a long time.
What is especially worrisome about misconceptions is that people continue to build knowledge on their current understandings. Possessing misconceptions can negatively impact an individual's learning.
According to the American Institute of Physics, Children's misconceptions about science are vast. As a science educator and homeschool mom, it is my goal to help change that.
Each day this week, I will be sharing 5 common misconceptions in science. In doing so, I will also provide hands-on activities and lessons that you can utilize with your students to correct these misconceptions.
The water in a sink (or toilet) rotates one way as it drains in the northern hemisphere and the other way in the southern hemisphere. Called the Coriolis Effect, it is caused by the rotation of the earth.
To explore this misconception, I delight in taking you to La Mitad del Mundo – or the equatorial monument near Quito, Ecuador. It was here, while we were traveling in South America, that I experienced first hand how others use our misconceptions to mislead us – and often out of our money!
You might also be interested in my 5 day tour through Peru, Discovering Peru. Here you will have the chance to win a travel guide of choice from DK Publishing.
This series is one of many hopscotch link-ups. Hop over and see what others are sharing.


Say hello to Next's brand new ambassador: Emma Willis. The TV presenter shared the news with her 900k followers, ahead of the launch of the collection today.
Emma also used her style credentials to curate a line of AW17 updates your wardrobe needs. Think cosy knits in autumnal shades, statement checked coats, sheer blouses and tapered trousers.
Not one to do things by halves, Emma is also the face of the campaign, modelling her edit in a series of chic pictures. We particularly love her party wear edit: the sequin skirt has our name written all over it.
Oh, and if you want to feel fabulous, no matter what, try 'a sharp suit or a beautiful dress' or 'a pair of killer heels'.


Cristine Reyes – Hot Pinoy!
Richard Guttierez On Saving Cristine Reyes Story Published At The NYTimes!
The well-publicized rescue effort of Richard Guttierez on Cristine Reyes' cry for help during the typhoon Ondoy also got an international attention, even making it to the New York Times.
"A popular Philippine actress cried out for help from a rooftop as a tropical storm roared and floodwaters rose menacingly. Then an actor emerged from nowhere on a speedboat and swept her to safety.
"A romantic scene from a movie?
Cristine was able to come back to her residence at Princeton St. Provident Village in Marikina a day after her cinematic rescue. She's safe and living with her sister Ara Mina. She has plans of getting a new house, though.
Some people take this as a publicity stunt altogether, but both Richard and Cristine denied it. It's true that they have a movie together, Patient X, showing later this October. But, that's too crazy if they're just making that up, right?
Posted on September 30, 2009 October 1, 2009 Author hotsyCategories Asian Heart Throbs, Asian Hot Babes, Buzzing Events, Celebrity Highlights, Showbiz NewsTags Cristine Reyes, NYTimes, Ondoy, Published, rescue, Richard Guttierez, Saving, Story1 Comment on Richard Guttierez On Saving Cristine Reyes Story Published At The NYTimes!
Cristine Reyes' getting her comeback cover this September for FHM Philippines as Queen of the Road. They actually had her photo shoot along South Luzon Expressway (SLEX).
Cristine was hailed as the country's sexiest woman of 2009 on FHM's annual polls and she's having the prime of her career. She just renewed her contract with ABS-CBN and has a month-long running show with Your Song Presents: Babalik Kang Muli. She also got the role that's supposedly be played by Heart Evangelista in the movie Patient X partnering up with asian heart throb Richard Guttierez that will be shown the last quarter of October.
ABS-CBN's Precious Hearts Romance "The Bud Brothers" is set to occupy the Hapontastic timeslot this coming May 4. Its story is actually based on the Bud Brothers Series, having eight best selling novels written by a Filipino romance writer, Rose Tan.
The cast will include Jake Cuenca as Vince Banaag, Rafael Rosell as Wayne Alban, Will Devaughn as Monty Geronimo, John Prats as Carlo Domingo, Joem Bascon as Pete Labrador, Manuel Chua as Dr. Ed Lacson, Guji Lorenzana as Rei Arambulo and Ahron Villena as Pio Andong Jr.
Definitely girls won't be missed with stars like Cristine Reyes, Roxanne Guinoo, Mariel Rodriguez, Valerie Concepcion, Wendy Valdez, Janna Dominguez, Maricar Reyes, Denise Laurel and also Camille Prats.


Complaints Regarding Ration Card, Fair Price Shop, LPG, PNG, Godown, Weighing and Customer Safety Complaint, State Consuemr Disputes Redressal Commission, District Forum, Kalparatur, Department Store, Gas Station Under Corporation, Petrol Pump Under Corporation and Other Complaints.
How and Where to Complaint in Online?
Two ways to complaint online regarding ration card and other complaints.
Method 1 Link 1:How to Register a Complaint in Gujarat about Govt Services?
Now you will logon to Online Complant Form then fill the Online form and submit.
After Submit you will get Complaint Number for future reference to check Complaint Status.
Chcek Here Online Compalint Status Here:After Visiting this Link http://ipds.gujarat.gov.in/PGRS/Complaint.aspx Click on "Click Here to Complaint Status" then enter Complaint Number and Click on Look. Now it will display your complaint Status.


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2022 Week 2: Packers vs. Bears
Stat of the Game, Packers-Bears: Understanding how bad Justin Fields was through EPA
This was no ordinary bad. This was legendary bad.
By PaulNoonan@BadgerNoonan Sep 20, 2022, 8:00am CDT
Share All sharing options for: Stat of the Game, Packers-Bears: Understanding how bad Justin Fields was through EPA
Wm. Glasheen/USA TODAY NETWORK-Wisconsin / USA TODAY NETWORK
All EPA stats courtesy of RBSDM.Com.
You probably have some idea how bad Justin Fields was in Sunday night's game between the Chicago Bears and the Green Bay Packers. His first of 7 completions in the game was a flea flicker to Equanimeous St. Brown that gained 30 yards. His next 6 completions gained a total of 40 yards. He was sacked 3 times for 22 yards. He threw an interception. He threw the ball while 4 yards beyond the line of scrimmage at one point. He fumbled. He was super bad when called on to pass. And yet you still don't know just how bad he was.
Let's dispense with the good first. On his first pass attempt of the game (after fumbling on first down and taking a timeout), the Bears ran a nifty flea flicker to spring EQ downfield. Fields delivered, creating 2.5 EPA (Expected Points Added). The Bears would score 3 plays later (all runs) and take a brief lead. Everything was coming up Chicago!
And then it started. The EPA framework, and the EPA statistic more than anything else, helps us to answer an important question about each individual play: namely, was it a good play or a bad play? When Football Outsiders first put together DVOA, they faced the issue of defining a "successful play," and settled on gaining 40% of the yards needed on first down, 60% of the yards needed on second down, and converting on third or fourth downs. This is necessary when discussing the value of an individual play because context is incredibly important. A 9-yard gain on 3rd and 15 is far less valuable than a 1-yard gain on 4th and 1. In football, 9 is not always greater than 1.
FO did a nice job at creating a shorthand for success versus failure back in the day, and they have refined their own definition of success several times over since then, eventually settling on something that looks quite a bit like EPA. At this point, everyone has more or less settled on EPA as the best way to do this, in one form or another.
EPA models leverage the enormous history of football to calculate just how much, in terms of likely points added or subtracted, each play creates or destroys. When a team gains 5 yards on 2nd and 10 from midfield, we now know historically just how likely that team is to put up points (and what type of points), and so can tell generally whether any given play was a success or failure, and how large of one. When the Bears decided to pass, outside of trick plays, they destroyed an almost inconceivable number of points.
On Fields' first passing attempt after the flea flicker, on a first down at the start of the second quarter, he was sacked for 5 yards by Preston Smith, costing the Bears -1.3 EPA. On the next play, now facing 2nd and 15, he hit Darnell Mooney for a loss of 4 yards, costing the Bears -0.93 EPA and all but ensuring they would not convert on 3rd and 19. They absolutely did not convert on 3rd and 19, as Fields completed a short 7-yard pass to running back David Montgomery. Remember that Fields only had 40 non-flea-flicker passing yards, and 7 of those went to this 3rd and 19 pass for -0.34 EPA.
His next pass, on first and 10 with 4:30 left in the second quarter, was incomplete to TE Cole Kmet, costing the Bears another -0.41 of EPA. After David Montgomery was stuffed on 2nd down for a loss of 5 yards, setting up a 3rd and 15, Fields hit Equanimeous St. Brown for 9 yards, forcing another Chicago punt. This play only cost the Bears -0.03 points of EPA, which is almost break-even. The reason for this is that Chicago was at their own 10-yard line, and when you're backed up in your own territory on 3rd and 15, the EPA model doesn't expect you to score many points, ergo there are not many expected points to give up. Those 9 yards resulted in a punt, but given the circumstances, it could have been worse.
Of course, we now have 16 of Fields 40 non-flea-flicker yards accounted for on 3rd down passes that didn't gain a first down. Only 24 to go! Oh, wait, Darnell Mooney lost 4 yards on his one reception. Only 28 to go!
The Packers would take that punt, and the good field position that came with it, and march right down the field, punching it in on a 5-yard pass to Allen Lazard just before half time. With 32 seconds left and trailing 24-7, Chicago would use the final play of the half for a check down to backup RB Kahlil Herbert, who gained 3 yards and cost the Bears -0.24 EPA. Of course, that number is actually quite high, as the Bears were not trying to score with only 32 seconds left in the half, and this was the functional equivalent of taking a knee. I just wanted to point out that one of Fields' 7 completions was the functional equivalent of taking a knee. Also, we now have just 25 yards to go.
On Fields' next passing snap on 2nd and 3, at the start of the 3rd quarter, he was sacked by Rashan Gary for 7 yards, costing the Bears another -2.0 points of EPA. That sack would prove quite costly as on the ensuing 3rd down, now 3rd and 10, Fields would check down to Montgomery for 7 yards, setting up another punt, and costing another -0.43 EPA. (And we're down to 18 yards to go!)
And now, finally, with 7:58 remaining in the 3rd quarter, we have what is both Justin Fields' first actual positive passing play since the flea flicker, and also his last positive passing play of the game. Fields connected with tight end Ryan Griffin over the middle for 18 yards on first and ten, taking advantage of an overmatched Darnell Savage and moving the sticks, helping to set up an eventual field goal. The pass itself was worth +1.23 points of EPA. Hooray Justin!
As for the rest of the game we had an incompletion to Darnell Mooney on 1st and 10 (-0.57 EPA), a 10-yard sack by Preston Smith (-1.33 EPA), an incompletion to EQ (-0.34 EPA), and of course, the pick by Jaire Alexander (-2.2 EPA). Top it off with the cherry that was his over-the-line throw (-1.3 EPA), and we really have a game for the ages. If you want to put that first fumbled snap on Justin (-0.8 EPA) it gets even worse, but let's be generous. When it was all said and done, after the flea flicker, Justin Fields dropped back to pass 14 times. Collectively, those 14 passes/sacks lost 10.3 points of EPA, or about -0.73 per play.
That is hilariously bad. It is a nearly impossible feat, especially when throwing only one interception, and if not for some good work on the ground by Montgomery and Herbert (and some corresponding bad play by the Packer defensive line, De'Vondre Campbell, and the safeties), the Packers likely win this game by 30 or 40.
We mentioned Darnell Mooney earlier, as the young receiver has really struggled this season, and did again in this game. Mooney was targeted twice, catching one pass for -4 yards. Mooney's EPA per play was -0.75.
Basically, after his first passing attempt, Fields was as valuable, on a per play basis, as a wide receiver who caught half of his targets and averaged minus 4 yards per reception.
Fields After Flea Flicker
qb_epa
-1.34699 (14:47) J.Fields sacked at CHI 15 for -5 yards (P.Smith).
-0.93248 (14:06) (Shotgun) J.Fields pass short left to D.Mooney to CHI 11 for -4 yards (R.Douglas).
-0.34287 (13:25) (Shotgun) J.Fields pass short right to D.Montgomery to CHI 18 for 7 yards (R.Douglas).
-0.40644 (4:30) (Shotgun) J.Fields pass incomplete short right to C.Kmet [K.Clark].
-0.02828 (3:47) (Shotgun) J.Fields pass short right to E.St. Brown to CHI 19 for 9 yards (E.Stokes).
-0.24052 (:32) (Shotgun) J.Fields pass short right to K.Herbert to CHI 28 for 3 yards (Q.Walker).
-2.01744 (14:24) (Shotgun) J.Fields sacked at CHI 22 for -7 yards (R.Gary).
-0.42561 (13:42) (Shotgun) J.Fields pass short middle to D.Montgomery to CHI 29 for 7 yards (D.Campbell).
1.2308 (7:56) J.Fields pass deep middle to R.Griffin to GB 31 for 18 yards (D.Savage).
-0.57117 (14:14) J.Fields pass incomplete deep middle to D.Mooney.
-1.32848 (13:31) (No Huddle) J.Fields sacked at CHI 25 for -10 yards (P.Smith).
-0.33869 (2:21) J.Fields pass incomplete short right to E.St. Brown (Q.Walker).
-2.21853 (2:18) (Shotgun) J.Fields pass deep right intended for E.St. Brown INTERCEPTED by J.Alexander at CHI 39. J.Alexander ran ob at CHI 39 for no gain.
-1.3 (10:37) (Shotgun) J.Fields scrambles up the middle to CHI 23 for 3 yards. J.Fields pass short middle to E.St. Brown to GB 46 for 31 yards. PENALTY on CHI-J.Fields, Illegal Forward Pass, 5 yards, enforced at CHI 23.
-0.82 (7:06) J.Fields FUMBLES (Aborted) at CHI 45, and recovers at CHI 46. J.Fields to CHI 45 for -1 yards (J.Reed).
-11.0867 Sum
-0.7391133333 Average
Reporting as Eligible: Burrow Hurts Ma Purdy Homes The championship games are upon us, dominated by smart coaches and interesting quarterbacks.


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Manuel Aspidi Warns Us With His 'Last Call' For Our Planet
Italian pop singer-songwriter Manuel Aspidi has just released an inspiring music video for his song "Last Call," imagined in collaboration with Phil Palmer who wrote the lyrics, and released in partnership with WWF Italy. In the song, Aspidi warns us with his "Last Call" for the planet and for the animals living on earth. The music video showcases thought-provoking and shocking shots of the cruelty with which we treat animals on our planet. Released on World Environment Day, "Last Call" is Manuel Aspidi's way of sharing his immense concern regarding our human behavior on earth, and we are most certain this creation will find its audience and help people change the way they see nature, animals, and the power of art.
"Manuel Aspidi is an important gesture that once again underlines his sensitivity towards the environment. We hope that Last Call can become a great amplifier of the request to act against the climate crisis and the loss of bio-loss to which it is necessary to put a barrier as soon as possible, through concrete, effective and above all immediate choices. Just as Manuel's piece says, we arrived at the last call: there is no more time to waste, this is the moment to reverse the course to build a sustainable future in harmony with nature. And just to build our future WWF Italy has launched the great consultation Il Mondo che Verrà, to which everyone can contribute their ideas on wwf.it."
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It has been confirmed that Bromley have been removed from this season's FA Trophy after they had been charged with a breach of competition rules.
It comes following their First Round tie against Sutton United and after the National League side attended a personal hearing with the Football Association this afternoon, they will not be facing Spennymoor Town in the Second Round.
FA Decision | The Club can this afternoon confirm that following an FA hearing regarding the Buildbase FA Trophy earlier today, we have been informed that the Club has been removed from the competition for this season.
The Club can this afternoon confirm that following an FA hearing regarding the Buildbase FA Trophy earlier today, we have been informed that the Club has been removed from the competition for this season.
At a meeting of an FA National Game Competitions Sub-Committee held today, Thursday 3 January 2019, the Members considered the charge raised against Bromley FC by The Football Association on 20 December 2018 for an alleged breach of FA Trophy Rule 15(i)(i) in relation to Junior Ogedi-Uzokwe playing in the above match having not received the required permissions by the lending Club in accordance with the Competition Rules.
Having given all the evidence before them due consideration, the Members found the charge of a breach of FA Trophy Rule 15(i)(i) proven, in so much that Junior Ogedi-Uzokwe played in the above match without being correctly qualified in accordance with the Competition Rules.
The Members ordered that Bromley FC shall be removed from this season's Competition and Sutton United FC be reinstated into the Competition.
Sutton United FC shall now play away to Spennymoor Town FC in the Second Round Proper with this match to be played on Saturday 12 January 2019.
The Club will be making a further statement later this afternoon regarding the above.
After Bromley tweeted the news that they have been removed from the FA Trophy, they took to reply with their reaction with the majority laughing at them – take a look at what they are saying on the next page.