text:
Middle East - General
'Keep An Eye On Diyala'
Watching some of the areas being brought up at statfor, strategy page, and now this:
http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20070309/ts_nm/iraq_usa_troops_dc
U.S. general wants more troops for volatile province
By Andrew GrayFri Mar 9, 1:45 PM ET
The U.S. commander for northern Iraq has asked for more troops to clamp down on insurgent attacks and sectarian violence in the volatile province of Diyala, he said on Friday.
Maj. Gen. Benjamin Mixon said he had moved additional forces from his own area into Diyala and requested extra troops from elsewhere in the country from Lt. Gen. Ray Odierno, the top commander of day-to-day operations in Iraq.
"Could I use more forces in Diyala? No question about it and I'm in discussions about it with Gen. Odierno as he attempts to balance the requirements in Baghdad," Mixon told reporters at the Pentagon by videolink from Iraq.
Despite opposition from Democrats who want a timetable for a U.S. withdrawal from Iraq, President George W. Bush has already ordered more than 20,000 additional troops into battle, most of them to help stabilize Baghdad. There are currently about 140,000 U.S. troops in the country.
Religiously mixed Diyala, northeast of Baghdad, has witnessed some of the worst sectarian violence in Iraq between Shi'ites and Sunnis. A suicide bomber killed 30 people in a cafe in a town in Diyala on Wednesday.
U.S military commanders say militants are also using Diyala -- a rural area of palm groves and orchards -- as a launching ground for attacks in Baghdad.
Mixon declined to say how many additional troops he had requested but advised reporters to "keep an eye on what goes on in Diyala over the next couple of weeks."
He said he was encouraged by security progress in other northern provinces but that violence had increased in Diyala.
maineman
Diyala is now a problem? hmmmmm
and I thought that the addition of 21.5K in Baghdad and Anbar was all that was needed to turn this sow's ear into a silk purse...to turn this bloody sectarian carnage into a multicultural Jeffersonian democracy.....
the surge is going well, it would seem.
maineman said:
Did you read the article? Those on the ground in Iraq seem to think it's improving. You are not implying that those there know less than those at 'home' regardless of their experiences in the past?
I did read your article and I think that your portrayal of that article as saying that "those on the ground in Iraq seem to think it's improving " is nothing short of brilliant and creative fiction.
I misread this:
...Mixon declined to say how many additional troops he had requested but advised reporters to "keep an eye on what goes on in Diyala over the next couple of weeks."
Mixon said U.S. forces believed extremists had moved into Diyala from Baghdad, where U.S. and Iraqi troops are engaged in a security crackdown, and the western province of Anbar, a stronghold of Sunni insurgents and al Qaeda fighters.
"I have moved additional forces and capabilities into Diyala over the last couple of weeks as we began larger offensive operations in (the provincial capital) Baquba and other portions of the surrounding area," he said.
Mixon said he was cautiously optimistic his troops would see an improvement in Diyala in the next 30-60 days.
"If we do not, I will make adjustments and I may go back to Gen. Odierno and ask for additional support," he said.
you didn't misread it necessarily, but to characterize someone pointing out that the violence had shifted to another area of Iraq as a situation that was "improving" is just a tad too koolaid soaked for me to buy into.
red states rule
CNN Reporter: Artificial Iraq Deadline 'Serves Only America's Enemies'
Posted by Mark Finkelstein on March 8, 2007 - 16:08.
Something is happening on the ground in Iraq. Something that even certain representatives of the MSM can't deny. Earlier this week, as NewsBusters noted here and here, NBC's Brian Williams, reporting from Iraq, offered some unusually positive observations. Now comes this eye-opening exchange from earlier this afternoon on CNN International between host Jim Clancy and correspondent Michael Ware, also reporting from Iraq:
JIM CLANCY: "The Democrats are pressing for a deadline, be it at the end of 2007, 2008 to bring all U.S. troops home. How is that going to affect General Petraeus, the Iraqi government and the Iraqis themselves?"
MICHAEL WARE: "Well, Jim, certainly in terms of the Iraqis and the war that's being fought in the streets and the deserts of this country, I mean, what's happening over there, what the Democrats are saying about timetables may as well be happening on the planet Pluto for all that it counts, to the bloodshed and endless combat that we're seeing day in, day out. All that it does, anyone setting time frames like that without real pre-conditions, anyone trying to put artificial deadlines upon this conflict is only aiding the enemies, so-called, of America, al Qaeda and Iran. It allows them some leverage to know when to put the pressure on, to know that the clock is ticking and to know where the pressure points are.
WARE: "So, in terms of the battle, day-to-day here, General Petraeus isn't looking more forward than five or six months. He's trying to make this surge work. But in terms of the broader strategic framework, it serves only America's enemies."
Nancy & Harry, are you listening?
http://newsbusters.org/node/11288
so...rd stats rul.... if the bloodshed and carnage is continuing at the same rate as it is now by mid-summer, will you admit that the surge has not worked?
oh...by the way... it was not surprising in the least to see you resort to tangential arguments made with the words of others rather than actually try to put a string of words together yourself.
Just as I expected. Even when a reporter from the Clinton News Network reports postie news and says how the Dems are helping the terrorists - you being a loyal member of the jackass party - you still ignore the facts and attack the messenger
red states rule said:
why are you so afraid of answering simple questions?
let me try again:
if the bloodshed and carnage is continuing at the same rate as it is now by mid-summer, will you admit that the surge has not worked?
The violence is down and the people of Iraq are asking the US troops to stay. What is so hard about this for you grasp?
why are you afraid of answering a simple question?
I did. the surge is working much to your dismay. The troops are ready to complete the mission, why are Dems so determined not to let them?
NBC Highlights Troops Who Support US Presence in Iraq
Posted by Brad Wilmouth on March 6, 2007 - 23:45.
On Tuesday's NBC Nightly News, anchor Brian Williams, reporting from Baghdad, delivered a refreshing end to the show as he showcased several U.S. troops who voiced support for their work in Iraq, and for America continuing its presence there. While Williams did present one soldier who was less than enthusiastic about the mission, other troops, featured in pre-recorded soundbites, spoke of "staying until the job is done," and of feeling "proud" about helping the Iraqis.
As the NBC anchor introduced the story about how the military tries to deliver foods and items to comfort the troops stationed in Iraq, he featured an Army lieutenant colonel who does not feel "trepidation" about going out on patrol, even after the recent loss of American lives. Lieutenant Colonel Quammie Semper commented: "I think we should stay here until the job is done." (Transcript follows)
Williams then turned to Sergeant Tina Neal, on her third tour of duty, who "says she keeps coming back and risking her life for the Iraqi civilians." Neal commented: "I feel very proud to be here helping them. I think that it is a good thing that we're doing for them."
After featuring one soldier showing frustration at the mission, and after delving into some of the comforts troops are supplied with, Williams concluded the story with an exchange with Sergeant Kenneta Nelson, who "thinks America ought to stay in Iraq." Nelson: "It's not possible to just up and go. I mean, there are, with the things that are going on here, it's kind of like we're in the middle of something."
Below is a complete transcript of the story from the Tuesday March 6 NBC Nightly News:
Brian Williams: "We are back here in Baghdad tonight at this massive U.S. base they call Camp Victory. And for the thousands of American soldiers now asleep in these tents, it is nothing at all like home. So the military tries to make it at least comfortable, knowing so many have volunteered to serve and are dedicated to their jobs, however dangerous. On the very day when they received word that so many more of their fellow soldiers have been killed, you would forgive the young lieutenant for showing some trepidation about the patrol he's about to lead into Baghdad or the mission overall. But not this lieutenant, and not on this day."
Lieutenant Quammie Semper, U.S. Army: "I think we should stay here until the job is done."
Williams: "You feel you have an investment?"
Semper: "We do. We do. I see that every day, every time I roll out this gate."
Williams: "The sergeant on this same patrol is on her third tour in Iraq. She says she keeps coming back and risking her life for the Iraqi civilians."
Sergeant Tina Neal, U.S. Army: "I feel very proud to be here helping them. I think that it is a good thing that we're doing for them."
Williams: "Not all the solders here are like her. Go to one of the new American outposts in a dangerous, exposed part of Baghdad, and you'll hear this from a staff sergeant also on his third tour."
Staff Sergeant Jason Simmer, U.S. Army: "I've seen too many people get injured and no reason for it, and I've just seen enough."
Williams: "The highest ranking enlisted man on this base, Command Sergeant Major Jeff Mellinger, has been around a long time. He can readily spot the soldiers who have been out in it and badly need a break."
Sergeant Major Jeff Mellinger, U.S. Army: "They'll have the signs and symptoms that they're just, you know, they're dirty, they're tired, you know, they've got wrinkles on their face from staring, you know, down the road at something. Nobody here is riding for free."
Williams: "Camp Victory in Iraq is a stressed out, teeming city of American soldiers and those who support them, who are keeping up a fast tempo in a spotty war. There are victories and defeats, desk jobs and dangerous missions. And for all of them, the military has tried to provide. It is possible in the middle of this 10-square-mile fenced in corner of Baghdad fesert to pretend you're home. There's Popeye's and there's Burger King. There's Cinnabon and some of Seattle's Best. And there's a spot for lunch right up against a concrete blast wall with a canopy of camouflage netting overhead. There are more culinary reminders from home. In this case, Subway, and over here, Pizza Hut. In this case, emphasis on 'hut.' And inside the base PX, it's as if someone airlifted a Wal-Mart from America to Iraq. Everything you could ever want to eat, drink, watch, including watches and wear. A massive attempt to provide. For those just back from the action, this station tries to provide a respite from it, though some aren't looking for any more action than they've already seen. Sergeant Kenneta Nelson thinks America ought to stay in Iraq, even if we later found out she isn't."
Sergeant Kenneta Nelson, U.S. Army: "It's not possible to just up and go. I mean, there are, with the things that are going on here, it's kind of like we're in the middle of something. Even if I was staying longer than Friday-"
Williams: "Friday?"
Nelson: "Considering I'm going home, my year is done-"
Williams: "Wow!"
Nelson: "It's still not."
Nelson: "Yes."
Williams: "You got to be careful."
Williams: "The day so many soldiers live for, the end of the tour. That's our look at Camp Victory tonight, and that's the end of our broadcast for this Tuesday night. Thank you, as always, for being with us. I'm Brian Williams, reporting again tonight from Baghdad. We'll look for you again from here tomorrow night. For Campbell Brown in New York and our team on the ground here, good night."
how are the opinions of four sergeants and a lieutenant proof that the surge is working?
So only 5 guys in Iraq support the war in your pea brain?
I never said that...and whether anyone "supports the war" is not proof that the surge is working.
you have the logical reasoning skills of a carrot
Shhhh... The Surge is Working
By Patrick Ruffini
Send an email to Patrick Ruffini
gloomy haze has settled over the nation's prosecution of the War on Terror as of late. It seems like we can only watch helplessly as Nancy Pelosi and Jack Murtha size up new angles of attack for undermining the war effort. The media is chomping at the bit the tell the story of an America, bruised and humbled and exhausted, heading for the exits in Iraq.
But something interesting is happening on the way to the "new direction." Early indications are that the troop surge into Baghdad is working. It hasn't been reported on widely, but murders in Baghdad are down 70%, attacks are down 80%, Mahdi Army chief Moqtada al-Sadr has reportedly made off for Iran, and many Baghdadis who had fled the violence now feel it's safe enough to return. The strategy that Congress is busy denouncing is proving to be our best hope for victory.
In Iraq, there's a sense that change is in the air -- literally. Omar of Iraq the Model spots a B-1 Bomber in the skies of Baghdad for the first time since the end of the major combat. On the ground, Omar writes that the signs that Iraqis are getting serious about security are more palbable. With the help of Compstat-like technology, security forces are cracking down at checkpoints (even ambulances are getting stopped) and getting nimbler about locating them strategically so the terrorists don't know what to expect.
This turnaround in Baghdad is confirmed at home by the media's near-deafening silence. If it seems like you've heard less about how Iraq is spiraling into civil war in the weeks since the surge was announced, this is why. Even some discordant voices in the media are starting to wonder what's happening. Time magazine worries that it's "Quiet in Baghdad. Too quiet." That's right -- a dramatic reduction in violence is actually bad news.
It's too early to claim victory just yet; the operation is just two weeks old. But U.S. troops have been able to accomplish all of this with just one more brigade in-country, with four more on the way by May. These encouraging early returns show the potential for success when we apply concentrated military force to the security problem. When the Army and Marine Corps are on offense, carrying out combat operations and clearing out insurgent strongholds, we win. When we lay back, carrying out routine patrols and playing Baghdad beat cop, we lose.
The key to success is staying power. The always incisive Daffyd ab-Hugh has a good read on this dynamic. Counterinsurgency in Iraq has often been compared to a game of whack-a-mole -- secure an area, only to have the insurgents pop up somewhere else. But if we slammed a mallet into the hole, and kept it there, then picked up a new one... and did the same?
This is a new game called Seal-a-Hole , and it has a very different dynamic from Whack-a-Mole: the normal game is one of futility; the game continues until the player gets tired and quits or he runs out of money. But Seal-a-Hole actually has a victory point: when all the holes are sealed, the game is over -- and the player, America, has won.
Even though Seal-a-Hole is not futile, it nevertheless requires a great deal of patience; there are many, many holes, and each hole has a mole who must be whacked. Some of the holes, such as Sadr City, are very big and will require many mallets to properly seal. But if we have the courage and fortitude of our American forebears, we will seal those holes... and we will win.
On the political front, the White House also seems to have dislodged a major roadblock to victory: Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki's reluctance to allow U.S. troops to take the fight to Sadr and his militias. Returning American troops have expressed their frustration at having to walk on eggshells when it came to came to entering Shi'ite areas, a backbone of support for the government. Thankfully, the rules of engagement are changing. American troops are now freer to take on all comers, and the results are clear in both Sunni and Shi'ite areas.
In the coming days and weeks, these rules of engagement will face their ultimate test with the decision to enter Sadr City, the Mahdi Army's key stronghold. And enter we must. Those intent on turning Iraq into a breeding ground for al-Qaeda won't be convinced of our seriousness until we confront the key sources of violence on both sides of the sectarian divide.
When things don't go well in Iraq, we see the endless B-roll of chaos and carnage. When things are on the upswing, we tend to hear more about Anna Nicole Smith. The media will never acknowledge victories in Iraq, so we'll have to settle for an absence of bad coverage. But even in this relative lull in Iraq, it's important to understand and appreciate the short-term victories so we can create more of them. And finish the job.
Patrick Ruffini is an online strategist dedicated to helping Republicans and conservatives achieve dominance in a networked era. He has seen American politics from every vantagepoint — as a campaign staffer, activist, and analyst.
http://www.townhall.com/columnists/PatrickRuffini/2007/02/24/shhhh_the_surge_is_working
you really are incapable of carrying on a discussion using your own words, aren't you?
How about the words of the troops?
I see you still hate to read facts that blow your sorry ass out of the water
http://www.hyscience.com/archives/2007/02/more_evidence_s.php
for example, you might think about eliminating sentences such as this from your cut and paste tirades to give them a greater chance of acceptability:
Very Good News: US has captured Abu Omar al-Baghdadi
What About That 'Plan B'?
Impeachment proceedings against President* Biden to begin on January 21st
AzogtheDefiler
Sunsettommy
ElmerMudd
kyzr
Lesh
Before You Claim A Democrat Victory In The Election....
So Dr, Sexy Legs Jen on ABC said that the Vaccine doesnt prevent you from getting Covid
Started by fbj
The Democrat's FBI Announces Armed Protests In All 50 State Intentionally Setting Up A Guarantee For Violence From Leftists But Will Blame The Right
Started by mudwhistle
Time to end Trump's trade wars
Started by Ben Thomson
Trump Approval Rating Falls To New All Time Low; 29%
Started by ThoughtCrimes
COVID Response Political? Lockdowns No Longer Needed Now with Joe as Prez!!
Started by Weatherman2020
ABSOLUTE Proof that Trump DID NOT Incite Insurrection!!!
Started by Richard-H
LOL. Trump to declassify Russian scam docs.
Started by Hang on sloopy


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Student comparative law research spans sport, schools, drugs, recidivism, regs, copyright, crypto
He who learns teaches.
—widely cited as an Ethiopian or African proverb, the statement has parallels in other cultures and is sometimes paired with the Latin "qui docet discit," "he who teaches learns"
Image by Gordon Johnson via Pixabay
Because we are reasonable people, we can all agree that Torts is the most important course in law school.
Comparative Law, however, takes the cake as the best course to teach. That's because one can teach it without exhaustive knowledge of the doctrinal subject matter. For no one knows the law of every jurisdiction in the world.
Thus, for me and my co-teacher, a supremely skilled embedded librarian, Comparative Law is a never-ending opportunity to learn from our students. And our students in spring 2022, as in past semesters, had plenty to teach us.
This is a selection of the ambitious paper topics that our Comparative Law students tackled in the spring.
United States, Vietnam. Firaas Z. Akbar, Free Enterprise Versus Freedom to Enterprise: A Comparative Analysis of Entrepreneurship Rights in the United States and Vietnam. Despite pronounced cultural and ideological differences between the republics of the United States and Vietnam, one of the goals shared by both societies is promoting entrepreneurship among their citizens. While not explicitly provided by the U.S. Constitution, free enterprise has impliedly been read into its language through a series of judicial decisions since the nation's founding, within a legal system where courts are bound to follow precedent. Vietnam enshrined a broad right to entrepreneurship into its constitution as part of an effort to transition to a more market-friendly economy. Yet constitutionalism under Vietnam's civil law system works differently, where rights require legislative substantiation to take effect. This analysis explores how Vietnam gives effect to this right and compares this model of promoting entrepreneurship to the U.S. approach.
United Kingdom (pre-/post- Brexit), Switzerland. Alessandro Balbo Forero, The Impact of Brexit on Football. There has been much debate and discussion regarding the UK exit from the European Union in 2020. Brexit had an impact on the sports industry as a whole, leading to debate and discussion by legal sport scholars on football, in particular, the English Premier League (EPL), and whether Brexit is good or bad. The unrestricted movement of players across the European Union is the catalyst for competition and player power. Prior to Brexit, players enjoyed the freedom of movement between EU Member States when their contracts expired. The current Governing Body Endorsement (GBE) requirements established after Brexit restrict player movement, and, thus, players are no longer able to sign with teams in the UK without first satisfying specific requirements that are tied to their respective countries' FIFA rankings. Although players are able to appeal to an exception panel, it is still not guaranteed to be granted a GBE. The Swiss model of player immigration would provide the UK with the best of both worlds. Brexit would still be in place, thus enjoying the benefits along with it, like unrestricted EU broadcasting regulations, and players would enjoy the freedom of movement once granted by the European Court of Justice in the Bosman ruling. The Swiss model satisfies both the FA and EPL, because highly qualified, homegrown players would continue to be produced while maintaining the multicultural, global product that is the EPL.
United States, England. Elizabeth Cabral-Townson, Using a Comparative Analysis of Special Education Disputes in the United States and England to Develop a Model that Better Serves Schools and Families. Every country with a formal public education system has a responsibility to meet the needs of all enrolled students, including those with disabilities. Many countries have developed laws or regulations that describe their special education processes and procedures. In some instances, parents and school districts disagree about what a student with a disability requires to make progress in school. In these instances, there are several different dispute resolution techniques that can be an efficient way to resolve issues. Both the United States and England have developed laws and regulations specifically related to special education disputes. There are both similarities and differences to how the United States and England handle special education disputes, and elements from each country may be used to develop a more universal model. A preferred approach may be a consistently used three-tiered system that ensures the timely resolution of special education disputes using no-cost or low-cost options.
United States, Norway. Emma Clune, Prison Education as Means to Reduce Recidivism: A Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Prison Education Programs and Principles of Punishment in Norway and the United States. Access to prison education programs differs greatly between the United States and Norway. In the United States, prison education programs are not widely accessible due to issues such as lack of funding and resources. The programs that are available do not often prepare incarcerated persons for workplace environments after release. In Norway, where education is viewed as a fundamental right, all inmates are eligible to participate in education programs, and every prison facility provides access to academic and vocational programming. Norwegian prison education programs operate based on the "principle of normality," the idea that life inside prison should emulate life after release. Research confirms that participation in educational programming while incarcerated reduces an offender's likelihood of recidivating by improving the offender's mental health and increasing the likelihood of employment after release. Emulating Norway's prison education programs and adopting the principles of Norway's penal system could be a means to reduce high recidivism rates and ultimately decrease the rapidly growing prison population in the United States.
United States, Canada. Judith Patricia Cruz Caballero, A Comparative Analysis of Refugee Law in the United States and Canada. The United States and Canada are world-leading nations for their international law policies. Refugees are a group of the population displaced from their home country due to war, discrimination, or violence. The United Nations created the 1951 Refugee Convention and the 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees to create a better humanitarian world. However, as the refugee crisis continue to increase over the next few years, the refugee policies of host nations will impact the support refugees receive. This paper examines refugees' procedures, immigration processes, and funding structures provided to refugees in both countries. In addition, the paper aims to compare each
nation's method of handling refugees in a time of international crisis. Finally, after analyzing each nation's policy areas, the paper provides recommendations to help increase the efficiency and effectiveness of refugee response in the United States and Canada.
Netherlands, Colorado. Ryan Gulley, Comparing the Legalization of Drugs in the Netherlands and Colorado: Recommendations for the Future. This paper compares the similarities and differences between the recent implementation of changes regarding drug use within the legal systems of the country of the Netherlands and the state of Colorado. The paper begins with a brief introduction to both systems. Following the introduction is a brief history of the criminalization of drugs within the two systems, as well as the reason for the changes that have been made in response. The current landscape of the legal systems will then be laid out, including where society stands today. I then examine the effects of those changes. The paper concludes by providing recommendations based on the lessons learned from the changes that were made in both areas.
United States, European Union. Austin Gutierrez, SOPA & PIPA vs. Article 17 "Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market." This paper compares the failed U.S. legislation, the Protect IP Act (PIPA) and Stop Online Privacy Act (SOPA), to the currently enacted Directive (EU) 2019/790, Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market, with a focus on Article 17. This paper goes through the history and then the past and current critiques of each legislation. This paper then creates a hypothetical bill using methodologies from both legislations. This paper has discovered that the current critics of U.S. online piracy protection believe that the U.S. should legislate in favor of website blocking. The EU critics believe that the authorization requirement establishes a mandatory requirement of general monitoring, which may be too much of a request from the website owners. In conclusion, this paper decides that it is in the best interest of the United States to let other nations develop and test online piracy protection while protecting current copyright holders through the use of website blocking for piracy focused websites.
United States, China, Germany. Christopher Hampton, Comparative Analysis of Crypto Assets/Blockchain Regulation Between PRC & Germany to Form a Spectrum Based Guide for Impending U.S. Regulations. Crypto-assets and blockchain technology have created an array of regulatory responses globally, most of which address the risks associated with illicit activities, consumer protection, and financial stability. The choice of fitting crypto into traditional frameworks, modifying existing regimes, or forming bespoke regulations to address these risks inherently creates strategic variations across the board. However, this range of approaches creates a guiding spectrum for late movers, namely the United States, to survey during impending crypto-asset deliberations. By synthesizing Germany's and China's leading, yet antithetical, approaches to the same priorities, this paper reveals both sides of the spectrum (i.e., acceptance v. full ban), details how the respective strategies address the given concerns, and weighs perceived strengths and weaknesses of their enactments. Further, upon consideration of the United States' current regulatory uncertainty and objectives, recommendations are proffered in promotion of sustainable growth and innovation for the industry. Although the collective knowledge necessary for proper regulations is not solely within this analysis, adequate and sustainable decisions can only be made through considerations as equally expansive and flexible as the emerging industry of focus. Similarly limited, policymakers would be prudent to include market participants in their deliberations and promote international teamwork. Ultimately, regulatory clarity is necessary in any regard for the industry to truly evolve, though the path of evolution depends heavily on U.S. decisions.
Germany, Russia. Nicholas Hansen, A Comparative Examination of Environmental Regulatory Policy Models in the Federal Republic of Germany and the Russian Federation. Regulation of the economic activities of any sovereign nation can be foundational in determinations of status, power, and recognition in modern geopolitics. In modern environmental regulation theory, two primary characterizations of economic regulations are found. This analysis compares the use of "process-integrated" environmental policy, to the use of "end-of-pipe" environmental policy, and their relative benefits and hindrances. Process-integrated regulatory policy involves a more direct intervention in production processes and business action, whereas end-of-pipe regulatory policy involves the establishment of penalties for businesses that exceed their allotted carbon output, and violate industrial or automotive emission laws. These policies have disparate impacts on the economic health of the sovereignties in which they are employed, differing levels of legal security for businesses operating in these sovereignties, and these impacts have been modeled and cataloged in this article.
This author posits that the time-frame around which either model is implemented, and the substantive form of these model regulations have an indirect impact on the long-term economic growth and propensity for foreign investment. This hypothesis is most principally demonstrated by a comparative examination of the "process-integrated" model presently in use by the Federal Republic of Germany, and the "end-of-pipe" model presently in use by the Russian Federation. This article seeks to explain the characterization of the German and Russian regulatory models as an "end-of-pipe" or "process integrated" model and the statistical and legal evidence that supports this conclusion. In addition, Explanations of the German and Russian environmental regulation and their relative impact on the economic health and growth of their respective sovereignties are given.
Israel, Palestine. Rachel Kilgallen, The Unique Legal Systems of Israeli Settlements. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is one of the world's most enduring conflicts, the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip reaching 55 years. Within Israeli settlements, where Israelis and Palestinians must coexist, an abounding number of controversies have arisen. One such controversy revolves around the legal system adopted within these settlements. Upon Israel's occupation of the West Bank and Gaza (along with the Sinai Peninsula and Golan Heights) in June 1967, the Israeli military immediately established military courts in both territories in order to try offenses harming security and public order. Technically speaking, Israeli military and civilian courts hold "concurrent" jurisdiction to try Israelis for offenses related to security. The policy for the last four decades, however, has been to refrain from prosecuting Israeli civilians in the military system, despite critiques that doing so constitutes partial annexation of occupied territory. The result is that Israeli and Palestinian neighbors accused of committing the very same crimes in the very same territory are arrested, prosecuted, and sentenced in drastically different systems—each featuring staggeringly disparate levels of due process protections. The International community seems to be in concurrence that Israel's actions regarding its settlements violate international law on many levels. At this point in time, all measures taken against Israel, in consequence, have been in vain. The longstanding conflict between Israel and Palestine endures.
United States, Germany. Samantha Rapping, The Psychological Toll of Being Prosecuted as an Adult: A Comparative Analysis of Juvenile Prosecution and Incarceration in the United States and Germany. The United States has one of the most complex criminal justice systems, which significantly differs from other systems in the world, specifically Germany. One prominent difference between these two countries is how they handle juvenile offenders. The United States focuses merely on punishment and incapacitation, whereas Germany focuses on education and rehabilitation. As a result of the harsh treatment that juvenile offenders endure, such as frequent sexual and physical abuse, their mental health severely plummets. Juveniles are at a higher risk for suicide, depression, and anxiety. As a consequence, juvenile offenders are likely to re-offend post-release. Germany's recidivism rates are extremely low as a result of the educational approaches and opportunities that are available to juvenile inmates such as therapy, metalworking, farming, etc. The positive reinforcement that occurs while juveniles are incarcerated leads to an increase in a juvenile inmates overall attitude and positive outlook for the future. The United States should adopt Germany's educational approach to its juvenile offenders.
Students: If you spy any errors here, don't hesitate to contact me for correction. If you were in this class and I failed to include you here, that's because I don't have an abstract from you. Please send one, and I'll be happy to add it.
Publishers and employers: Contact me if I can help put you in touch with any of these promising law students, some of whom are now recent grads!
Flags from Flagpedia.net.
Posted by Richard Peltz-Steele at 3:00 PM
Labels: comparative law, international law, legal education, legal research, legal writing, pedagogy, scholarship
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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47% of all Statistics Are Made up… By Mitt.
I thought momentarily that Christian Schneider was going to do something I have rarely seen, in his opinion piece of Wednesday, September 19, 2012 "Insulting Voters Not Best Strategy." I thought the conservative Schneider was going to admit that one of his own made a mistake.
He laid out the factual details of Mitt Romney's "47%" blunder, and I hoped he was going to explain why Romney's statements were unfair, incorrect, or ill advised. Let's start there, before getting to Schneider. Romney said,
"There are 47 percent of the people who will vote for the president no matter what. All right, there are 47 percent who are with him, who are dependent upon government, who believe that they are victims, who believe the government has a responsibility to care for them, who believe that they are entitled to health care, to food, to housing, to you-name-it — that that's an entitlement."
Romney simultaneously implies that ALL Democratic voters are poor, dependent and shiftless AND that NONE of the 47% non-taxpaying, so-called dependent people vote Republican. Neither of these propositions are true. There are plenty of wealthy, or middle class voters who vote Democratic; a substantial percentage of those not paying taxes are elderly folks who certainly paid taxes most of their lives but are now on fixed income; and a substantial percentage of Romney's support comes from poor, red-state inhabitants making less than $24,000 a year who still vote Republican.
But Christian Schneider never got to the kind of mea-culpas hinted at by the column's title. Instead, he noted that Romney's gaffe was reminiscent of Obama's 2008 "cling to guns and religion" comment in Pennsylvania. This is some sort of distractionary "two-wrongs may not make a right, but you're just as guilty, judge not, lest ye be judged" kind of argument. Schneider does it again in his final paragraph, accusing Obama of "fomenting class warfare" but acknowledging Romney's doing the same thing in reverse. Can't a conservative criticize a Republican without having to first tell us all how bad the Democrat is?
Finally, all wistful hope was lost when Schneider began "Eastwooding." He wrote, "(Oddly enough, Obama was talking about rural Democrats; his thoughts on rural Republicans might make the author of "50 Shades of Grey" blush.)" I thought when Clint Eastwood talked to an empty chair at the recent Republican Convention, implying the President of the United States dropped the F-bomb, that we would have seen the last attempt by a Republican to put words in the President's mouth. Mr. Christian… Do you actually have ANY evidence of what the President would say about rural Republicans, or do you just want to suggest the President is a filthy mouthed sado-masochist, so therefore we should let Romney's upper-crust, ill advised, factually incoherent bad-mouthing of Democrats slide?
I thought momentarily that Christian Schneider (no relation) was going to do something I have rarely seen, in his opinion piece of Wednesday, September 19, 2012 "Insulting Voters Not Best Strategy." I thought the conservative Schneider was going to admit that one of his own made a mistake.
Romney simultaneously implies that ALL Democratic voters are poor, dependent and shiftless AND that NONE of the 47% non-taxpaying, so-called dependent people vote Republican. Neither of these propositions are true. There are plenty of wealthy, or middle class voters who vote Democratic; a substantial percentage of those not paying taxes are elderly folks who certainly paid taxes most of their lives but are now on fixed income; and a substantial percentage of Romney's support comes from poor, red-state inhabitants making less than $24,000 a year who still vote Republican. Not all republican supporters are millionaires.
But Schneider never got to the kind of mea-culpas hinted at by the column's title. Instead, he noted that Romney's gaffe was reminiscent of Obama's 2008 "cling to guns and religion" comment in Pennsylvania. This is some sort of distractionary, "two-wrongs may not make a right, but you're just as guilty; judge not, lest ye be judged" kind of argument. Schneider does it again in his final paragraph, accusing Obama of "fomenting class warfare" but acknowledging Romney's doing the same thing in reverse. Can't a conservative criticize a Republican without having to first tell us all how bad the Democrat is?


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What's on Friday: Best Friends Forever S.1 Finale, Fairly Legal & More
by Jason the TVaholic on June 1, 2012
Tonight, NBC has the first season finale of Best Friends Forever.
On cable tonight, Animal Planet has the fifth season finale premiere of Whale Wars, Cooking Channel has the series premiere of The Culinary Adventures of Baron Ambrosia, History has The National History Bee special, FX has the 14th season finale of The Ultimate Fighter, and Starz has the first season finale of Magic City.
Best Friends Forever (NBC): New. Jessica attempts to throw an open house party for Lennon's new dance studio.
Best Friends Forever (NBC): Season Finale. Everyone heads to Atlantic City for the debut of Joe's video game.
Fairly Legal (USA Network): New. Kate and Ben head to Lake Tahoe to settle a dispute. Lauren is helping Justin with a case. Plays again later.
Magic City (Starz): Season Finale. Victor and Mercedes get some bad news. Ike's future is uncertain given his family and business responsibilities. Plays twice.
Other Option
Common Law (USA Network): New. Wes and Travis end up investigating an online dating site after a woman is murdered. Plays again later.
ESPN has NBA Playoff action tonight.
MLB Network has a game tonight.
ION has six episodes of Cold Case tonight.
Oxygen has 16 episodes of Roseanne today.
TV One has 10 episodes of Living Single tonight.
USA Network has five episodes of House followed by six episodes of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit tonight.
WE tv has five episodes of CSI: Miami tonight.
Tagged as: best friends forever, fairly legal
1 Jim June 1, 2012 at 8:51 am
Tonight is the season premier of Whale Wars, not the season finale.
2 Jason the TVaholic June 2, 2012 at 6:50 am
Thanks Jim.
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John Oliver Looks at Nursing Homes and the Long-Term Care Industry
By Garrett Martin | April 12, 2021 | 3:45pm
Comedy News John Oliver
John Oliver's latest target: nursing homes and the long-term care industry. If you've ever had a family member in a nursing home before, you're probably familiar with the fundamental dilemma behind them: most people don't have the knowledge, money, or time to provide long-term care to their loved ones, but nursing homes can be unreliable and downright negligent, while also being incredibly expensive. As Oliver points out, the deep-seated issues within the long-term care industry have been both exacerbated and exposed by the Covid-19 pandemic, with often tragic ends.
It's a typically well-rounded and incisive Last Week Tonight segment, digging not just into the problem and revealing its systemic causes, but also looking at possible ways to reform and improve the system. And, as always, it's still absolutely hilarious, despite looking very closely at an inherently depressing situation. No, this topic isn't as eye-catching or viral-oriented as much of Oliver's work, but that just reinforces one of the saddest aspects of the nursing home debate: people just don't want to think or talk about this stuff. Not just because it makes them have to confront the mortality of their loved ones, and thus their own mortality, but also because there's so much shame and guilt wrapped around the issue of care. Because people don't want to talk about it, the problems that accumulate within the industry often go unnoticed, and that's investigations like Oliver's are important. Watch it below, and find last night's full episode of Last Week Tonight on HBO and HBO Max.
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Justia › US Law › Case Law › Federal Courts › Courts of Appeals › Ninth Circuit › 2011 › TrafficSchool.com, Inc., et al. v. Edriver Inc., et al.
Plaintiffs claimed that defendants, owners and managers of a for-profit website called DMV.org, violated federal and state unfair competition and false advertising laws by actively fostering the belief that DMV.org was an official state DMV website, or was affiliated or endorsed by a state DMV. The district court held that defendants violated section 43(a) of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. 1125(a), but rejected plaintiffs' claim under California's unfair competition statute. The district court issued an injunction ordering DMV.org to present every site visitor with a splash screen bearing a disclaimer and denied monetary relief and an award of attorney's fees to plaintiffs. Both sides appealed. The court held that plaintiffs had established sufficient injury for Article III standing and that plaintiffs had met both prongs of the test in Jack Russell Terrier Network of Northern California v. American Kennel Club, Inc. for Lanham Act standing. The court held that the district court committed no error in holding that defendants violated the Lanham Act but remanded for the district court to reconsider the duration of the splash screen in light of any intervening changes in the website's content and marketing practices, as well as the dissipation of the deception resulting from past practices. The court held that the district court did not err in denying damages. The court held that because the district court erred in finding that defendants'c conduct was not exceptional and that plaintiffs had unclean hands, its denial of attorney's fees was an abuse of discretion. Therefore, the court remanded for the district court to consider the award of attorney's fees anew. The court held that the district court's findings that defendants were jointly and severally liable were not clearly erroneous. The court held that the district court did not abuse its discretion by refusing to hold DMV.org in contempt for technical breaches of the injunction. Accordingly, the court affirmed in part and reversed in part, remanding with instructions.


Home/ Information Technology/What is Test Strategy?
Test Strategy is a high-level document (static document) and usually developed by project manager. It is a document which captures the approach on how we go about testing the product and achieve the goals.


Most U.S. adult citizens identify themselves as Christians (76.5 - 78.5%).A 2001 survey found 15% of the adult population to have no religious affiliation, still significantly less than in other postindustrial countries such as United Kingdom (44%) and Sweden (69%).cite web|url=http://www.adherents.com/Na/Na_46.html|title=Studies on Agnostics and Atheists in Selected Countries| publisher=Adherents.com|accessdate=2007-06-14] According to ARIS and other studies, non-Christian religions (including Judaism, Buddhism, Islam, Hinduism, and others) collectively make up about 5.5% of the adult population.
The largest religion in the US is Christianity, practiced by the majority of the population (nearly 76.5% in 2001). Roughly 51.3% of Americans are Protestants, 23.9% are Catholics, and 1.7% are Mormons (the name commonly used to refer to members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints), and 1.6% to various other Christian denominations. [cite news |title= US religious identity is rapidly changing|url=http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2008/02/26/us_religious_identity_is_rapidly_changing/ Boston Globe] Christianity was introduced during the period of European colonization.
The French, Spanish, Irish and Italians brought Catholicism, while Northern European peoples introduced Protestantism. Among Protestants, adherents to Anglicanism, Baptism, Calvinism, Puritanism, Presbyterianism, Lutheranism, Quakerism, Amish and Moravian Church were the first to settle to the US spreading their faith in the new country. Greek, Russian, Central and Eastern European, and Middle Eastern immigrants brought Eastern Orthodoxy to the United States. These branches of Christianity have since spread beyond the boundaries of ethnic immigrant communities and now include multi-ethnic membership and parishes.
Despite its status as the most widespread and influential religion of the US, Christianity is undergoing a continuous relative decline in demographics. While the absolute number of Christians rose from 1990 to 2001, the Christian percentage of the population dropped from 88.3% to 76.5%.
A 2001 survey directed by Dr. Ariela Keysar for the City University of New York indicated that, amongst the more than 100 categories of response, "no religious identification" had the greatest increase in population in both absolute and percentage terms. This category included atheists, agnostics, humanists, and others with no theistic religious beliefs or practices. Figures are up from 14.3 million in 1990 to 29.4 million in 2001, representing a proportionate increase from 8% of the total in 1990 to over 14% in 2001.
According to the 2001 National Jewish Population Survey,cite web |url=http://www.ujc.org/content_display.html?ArticleID=83784 |title=2001 National Jewish Population Survey] 4.3 million American Jews have some sort of strong connection to the Jewish community, whether religious or cultural. Jewishness is generally considered an ethnic identity as well as a religious oneFact|date=February 2008. Among the 4.3 million American Jews described as "strongly connected" to Judaism, over 80% have some sort of active engagement with Judaism, ranging from attendance at daily prayer services on one end of the spectrum to as little as attending Passover Seders or lighting Hanukkah candles on the other. Of these 4.3 million strongly connected Jews, 46% belong to a synagogue. Among those who belong to a synagogue, 38% are members of Reform synagogues, 33% Conservative, 22% Orthodox, 2% Reconstructionist, and 5% other types. The survey also discovered that Jews in the Northeast and Midwest are generally more observant than Jews in the South or West. Reflecting a trend also observed among other religious groups, Jews in the Northwestern United States are typically the least observant.
In recent years, there has been a noticeable trend of secular American Jews, called baalei teshuva ("returners", see also Repentance in Judaism), returning to a more religious, in most cases, Orthodox, style of observance. It is uncertain how widespread or demographically important this movement is at present.
Buddhism entered the US during the 19th century with the arrival of the first immigrants from Eastern Asia. The first Buddhist temple was established in San Francisco in 1853 by Chinese Americans.
During the late 19th century Buddhist missionaries from Japan came to the US. Simultaneously to these processes, US intellectuals started to take interest in Buddhism.
The first prominent US citizen to publicly convert to Buddhism was Henry Steel Olcott. An event that contributed to strengthen Buddhism in the US was the Parliament of the World's Religions in 1893, which was attended by many Buddhist delegates sent from China, Japan, Thailand and Sri Lanka.
The early 20th century was characterized by a continuation of the tendencies with roots in the 19th century. The second half, by contrast, saw the emergence of new approaches, and the move of Buddhism into the mainstream making itself a mass and social religious phenomenon.
Many foreign associations and teachers - such as Soka Gakkai and Tenzin Gyatso the 14th Dalai Lama (for Tibetan Buddhism) - started to organize missionary activities, while US converts established the first Western-based Buddhist institutions, temples and worship groups.
Estimates of the number of Buddhists in the United States vary between 0.5% and 0.9% [ [http://religiousfreedom.lib.virginia.edu/nationprofiles/United_States/rbodies.html Religious Freedom Page ] ] .
publisher=CI|date=2004-09-24 |accessdate=2007-12-30] and early Muslim visitors. [Queen, Edward L., Stephen Prothero and Gardiner H. Shattuck Jr. 1996. "The Encyclopedia of American Religious History." New York: Facts on File.] Once very small, the Muslim population has increased greatly in the last one hundred years. There is much controversy over recent estimates of the Muslim population in the US. Much of the growth has been driven by immigration and conversion.
Research indicates that Muslims in the US are generally more assimilated and prosperous than Muslims in Europe. [ [http://www.projectmaps.com/AMP2004report.pdf Zogby phone survey] ] [cite web|url = http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2006-09/Muslims2006-09-10-voa17.cfm|title=America's Muslims after 9/11|publisher = Voice of America] Surveys also suggest, however, that they are less assimilated than other American subcultural and religious communities. [ [http://www.abpnews.com/2176.article Study suggests Muslims in America more mainstream than in Europe ] ] There are many Islamic political and charity organizations supporting this community.
The first time Hinduism entered the US is not clearly identifiable. However, large groups of Hindus immigrated from India and other Asian countries since the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965. During the 1960s and 1970s Hinduism exercised fascination contributing to the development of New Age thought. During the same decades the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (a Vaishnavite Hindu reform organization) was founded in the US.
At present, estimates for Hindus in the US suggest they number nearly 800 thousand people or about 0.4% of the total populationhttp://religions.pewforum.org/pdf/report-religious-landscape-study-full.pdf] .
Hindu religion is growing in the US, not only thanks to immigration but also due many Western converts. Hinduism is expanding in popularity and influence on the public life. [ [http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?id=26416 Baptist Press - Hinduism influence on the rise - News with a Christian Perspective ] ] In 2004 the Hindu American Foundation - a national institution spreading the religion and protecting rights the Hindu community of US - was founded.
Hindu temples are flourishing in the US and in July 2007, Rajan Zed, a prominent Hindu chaplain, opened United States Senate in Washington DC with a Hindu prayer for the first time in its 218 years history. [ [http://www.cnsnews.com/ViewCulture.asp?Page=/Culture/archive/200706/CUL20070626a.html Hindu Prayer Will Open Senate Session in July - 06/26/2007 ] ] The event has been criticized and disrupted [http://www.thedailyreel.com/spotlight/politics/archive/2007/07/13/christian-activists-disrupt-hindu-senate-invocation] by many evangelical and fundamentalist Christians.
Unitarian Universalism (UUism) came into existence as a unique religion when the Unitarian Universalist Association (UUA) was founded in 1961 as a consolidation of the American Unitarian Association and the Universalist Church in America. Unitarian Universalism is a theologically liberal religious movement characterized by its support of a "free and responsible search for truth and meaning." Unitarian Universalism is a covenantal religion. Members do not share a creed; rather they are unified by their shared search for spiritual growth. Unitarian Universalists draw on many different sources and have a wide range of beliefs and practices.
Being historically derived from Unitarianism and Universalism, Unitarian Universalism traces its roots to Christian Protestantism, however, the theological significance of both Unitarianism and Universalism had significantly expanded beyond the traditional understanding prior to their decision to combine their efforts at the continental level as Unitarian Universalists. Many UUs appreciate and value aspects of Islamic, Christian and Jewish spirituality, but the extent to which the elements of any particular faith tradition are incorporated into one's personal spiritual practices is a matter of personal choice in keeping with Unitarian Universalism's creedless, non-dogmatic approach to spirituality and faith development.
As a result of these historical roots, Unitarian Universalist congregations and fellowships tend to retain some Christian traditions such as Sunday worship that includes a sermon and singing of hymns, despite the fact that they do not necessarily identify themselves as Christians.
No particular religion or religious tradition is hegemonic among Native Americans in the United States. Most self-identifying and federally recognized Native Americans claim adherence to some form of Christianity, some of these being cultural and religious syntheses unique to the particular tribe.fact|date=August 2008 Traditional Native American spiritual rites and ceremonies are maintained by many Americans of both Native and non-Native identity.fact|date=August 2008 These spiritualities may accompany adherence to another faith, or can represent a person's primary religious identity. While much Native American spiritualism exists in a tribal-cultural continuum, and as such cannot be easily separated from tribal identity itself, certain other more clearly-defined movements have arisen within "Trad" Native American practitioners, these being identifiable as "religions" in the clinical sense.clarifyme The Midewiwin Lodge is a traditional medicine society inspired by the oral traditions and prophesies of the Ojibwa (Chippewa) and related tribes. Traditional practices include the burning of sacred herbs (tobacco, sweetgrass, sage, etc.), the sweatlodge, fasting (paramount in "vision quests"), singing and drumming, and the smoking of natural tobacco in a pipe. A practitioner of Native American spiritualities and religions may incorporate all, some or none of these into their personal or tribal rituals.
Another significant religious body among Native peoples is known as the Native American Church. It is a syncretistic church incorporating elements of native spiritual practice from a number of different tribes as well as symbolic elements from Christianity. Its main rite is the peyote ceremony. Prior to 1890, traditional religious beliefs included Wakan Tanka. In the American Southwest, especially New Mexico, a syncretism between the Catholicism brought by Spanish missionaries and the native religion is common; the religious drums, chants, and dances of the Pueblo people are regularly part of Masses at Santa Fe's Saint Francis Cathedral. [ [http://www.csp.org/communities/docs/fikes-nac_history.html A Brief History of the Native American Church] by Jay Fikes. URL accessed on February 22, 2006.] Native American-Catholic syncretism is also found elsewhere in the United States. (e.g., the National Kateri Tekakwitha Shrine in Fonda, New York and the National Shrine of the North American Martyrs in Auriesville, New York).
Native Americans are the only known ethnic group in the United States requiring a federal permit to practice their religion.fact|date=August 2008 The eagle feather law, (Title 50 Part 22 of the Code of Federal Regulations), stipulates that only individuals of certifiable Native American ancestry enrolled in a federally recognized tribe are legally authorized to obtain eagle feathers for religious or spiritual use. Native Americans and non-Native Americans frequently contest the value and validity of the eagle feather law, charging that the law is laden with discriminatory racial preferences and infringes on tribal sovereignty. The law does not allow Native Americans to give eagle feathers to non-Native Americans, a common modern and traditional practice. Many non-Native Americans have been adopted into Native American families, made tribal members and given eagle feathers.
Many other religions are represented in the United States, including Sikhism, Jainism, Shintoism, Taoism, Caodaism, the Bahá'í Faith, Heathenism, Neopaganism, and many forms of New Age spirituality.
Denominations and sects founded in the U.S.
* Churches of Christ/Disciples of Christ - a restoration movement with no governing body. The Restoration Movement solidified as a historical phenomenon in 1832 when restorationists from two major movements championed by Barton W. Stone and Alexander Campbell merged (referred to as the "Stone-Campbell Movement").
* Adventism - began as an inter-denominational movement. Its most vocal leader was William Miller, who in the 1830s in New York became convinced of an imminent Second Coming of Jesus.
* The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormon) - founded by Joseph Smith, Jr. in 1830 in New York. Now headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah.
* Jehovah's Witnesses - originated with the religious movement known as Bible Students, which was founded in Pennsylvania in the late 1870s by Charles Taze Russell.
* Southern Baptist Convention, the largest Baptist group in the world and the largest Protestant denomination in the United States. In 1995, it renounced its 1845 origins in the defense of slavery and racial superiority.
* Unitarian Universalism - a theologically liberal religious movement founded in 1961 from the union of the well established Unitarian and Universalist churches.
*A 2006 online Harris Poll of 2,010 U.S. adults (18 and older) [cite web |title=The Harris Poll #80 |date=2006-10-31 |work=Harris Interactive |url=http://www.harrisinteractive.com/harris_poll/index.asp?PID=707 |accessdate=2007-12-25 ] found that 73% of those surveyed said that they believed in a God, 11% said they believed there was no God, and 16% said that they were not sure whether or not there was a God. The believers in God included 58% of respondents who said they were "absolutely certain", and 15% who said they were "somewhat certain" that there is a God. The believers in no God included 6% who were "absolutely certain", and 6% who were "somewhat certain" that there is no God. About 29% believed that God "controls what happens on Earth", while a plurality (44%) believed that God "observes but does not control what happens on Earth". The poll also showed that an "absolute certain" belief in God is correlated to age: only 43%-45% of those aged 18-29 were "absolutely certain" that God exists, while 54% of those aged 30-39 were "absolutely certain" that God exists, and 63%-65% of those aged 40 and older were "absolutely certain" that God exists.
*A 2006 CBS News Poll of 899 U.S. adults found that 82% of those surveyed believed in God, while 9% believed in "some other universal spirit or higher power," 8% believed in neither, and 1% were unsure.
*A 2004 Newsweek Poll of 1,009 U.S. adults, conducted by Princeton Survey Research Associates, found that 82% of those surveyed believed that Jesus was God or the Son of God.
*A 2000 Newsweek Poll of 752 U.S. adults, conducted by Princeton Survey Research Associates, found that 94% of those surveyed believed in God, while 4% did not and 2% were unsure.
*A 1998 Harris Poll of 1,011 U.S. adults found that 94% of those surveyed believed in God.
However, these numbers are open to dispute. ReligiousTolerance.org states::"Church attendance data in the U.S. has been checked against actual values using two different techniques. The true figures show that only about 21% of Americans and 10% of Canadians actually go to church one or more times a week. Many Americans and Canadians tell pollsters that they have gone to church even though they have not. Whether this happens in other countries, with different cultures, is difficult to predict."
In, a 2006 online Harris Poll of 2,010 U.S. adults (18 and older) found that only 26% of those surveyed attended religious services "every week or more often," 9% went "once or twice a month" 21% went "a few times a year," 3% went "once a year," 22% went "less than once a year," and 18% never attend religious services. An identical survey by Harris in 2003 found that only 26% of those surveyed attended religious services "every week or more often," 11% went "once or twice a month" 19% went "a few times a year," 4% went "once a year," 16% went "less than once a year," and 25% never attend religious services.
Politicians frequently discuss their religion when campaigning, and many churches and religious figures are highly politically active. However, to keep their status as tax-exempt organizations they must not officially endorse a candidate. There are Christians in both the Democratic Party and the Republican Party, but evangelical Christians tend to support the Republican Party whereas more liberal Christians and secular voters tend to support the Democratic Party.
Every President, with the exception of John F. Kennedy (a Roman Catholic), was raised in a family with affiliations with Protestant Christianity. However, many presidents have themselves had only a nominal affiliation with Protestant churches. Several early holders of the office were Deists, with at least four presidents being Unitarians, and several, such as Thomas Jefferson, having no formal affiliation.
*Alfred E. Smith -- Smith, the Governor of New York, secured the Democratic presidential nomination in 1928. A contributing factor to Smith's defeat in the presidential election of 1928 was his Roman Catholic faith.
*John F. Kennedy -- Kennedy, a U.S. Senator from Massachusetts, secured the Democratic presidential nomination in 1960. In the 1960 election, John F. Kennedy faced accusations that as a Roman Catholic President he would do as the pope would tell him to do, a charge that Kennedy managed to subdue considerably.
*John Kerry -- Kerry, a U.S. Senator from Massachusetts, secured the Democratic presidential nomination in 2004. In the 2004 election, there was discussion about whether Kerry's beliefs as a Catholic would be relevant to the national debate on abortion, but there was no implication that his being a Roman Catholic "per se" made him an undesirable candidate among pro-choice voters. Kerry himself was pro-choice, while the Catholic church staunchly opposes abortion.
There has never been a Jewish President or Vice-President. The only Jewish major party candidate for either of those offices was Joe Lieberman in the Gore-Lieberman campaign of 2000, during which Lieberman's Orthodox Judaic faith was not an issue. Some sources indicate that Jews constitute only 1.4% of the U.S. population, although others indicate that Jews comprise as much as 2.1% of the population (a significant decline from over 3% in the 1950s, chiefly due to the relatively low birthrate among Jewish Americans and high rates of out-marriage to non-Jews).
In the 2004 Presidential election, George W. Bush, a Methodist, earned a slim victory over John Kerry, with voters who cited "moral values" (a commonly used term among religiously-inclined voters) playing a crucial part in the election [ [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5297138/ Exit poll - Decision 2004 - MSNBC.com ] ] .
date=2007-02-20] indicates that 53% of Americans would refuse to vote for an atheist as president, up from 48% in 1987 and 1999.
The United States government does not collect religious data in its census. The survey below, the American Religious Identification Survey (ARIS) 2001, was a random digit-dialed telephone survey of 50,281 American residential households in the continental United States. The 1990 sample size was 113,723.
* there has also been a substantial increase in the number of adults who refused to reply to the question about their religious preference, from about four million or 2% in 1990 to more than eleven million or over 5% in 2001.
* Nearly 20% of adults who describe themselves as atheist or agnostic also report that either they themselves or someone else in their household is a member of a church, temple, synagogue, mosque or some other religious institution.
* On the other hand, nearly 40% of respondents who identified with a religion indicated that neither they themselves nor anyone else in their household belongs to a church or some other similar institution.
*Despite the growing diversity nationally, some religious groups clearly occupy a dominant demographic position in particular states. For instance, Catholics are the majority of the population in Massachusetts and Rhode Island as are Mormons in Utah and Baptists in Mississippi. Catholics comprise over 40% of Vermont, New Mexico, New York and New Jersey, while Baptists are over 40% in a number of southern states such as South Carolina, Tennessee, North Carolina, Alabama and Georgia.
* Historical traces of a Bible Belt in the South and a less religious West are still evident. Those with "no religion" constitute the largest "denomination" in Oregon, Washington, Idaho and Wyoming. In contrast, the percentage of adults who adhere to "no religion" is below 10% in North and South Dakota, Nebraska, South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi and Tennessee.
* Jews, Muslims, Buddhists and those with no religion continue to have a greater preference for the Democratic party over the Republican - much as they did in 1990. Evangelical or Born Again Christians and Mormons are the most apt to identify as Republicans. Buddhists and those with no religion are most likely to be political independents. In keeping with their theology, Jehovah's Witnesses disavow political involvement. Catholics, who at one point dominated the major eastern cities following immigration, formerly favored the Democratic Party, but after a century as the largest single religious group are now split roughly 50/50 between Democrats and Republicans.
* In both the 1990 and 2001 studies, the Buddhist and Muslim population appears to have the highest proportion of young adults under age thirty, and the lowest percentage of females. A number of the major Christian groups have aged since 1990, most notably the Catholics, Methodists, and Lutherans. Congregationalist/United Church of Christ and Presbyterian adherents show an older age str* ARIS2001 found that of all households that contained either a married or domestic partner couple, 22% reported a mixture of religious identification amongst the couple. At the low end there are the Mormon adults who are found in mixed religion families at 12% and such other groups as Baptists, those adhering to the Churches of Christ, Assemblies of God, the Evangelicals and those adhering to the Church of God (all at about 18%). At the high end we find the Episcopalians at 42% group shows the lowest incidence of marriage (just 19%) of all twenty-two groups. In sharp contrast, those identifying with the Assemblies of God or Evangelical/Born Again Christians show the highest proportions married, 73% and 74% respectively. The percent currently divorced or separated varies considerably less, from a low of six percent (Jehovah's Witnesses) to a high of fourteen percent (Pentecostals).
* The top three "gainers" in America's vast religious market place appear to be Evangelical Christians, those describing themselves as Non-Denominational Christians and those who profess no religion. Looking at patterns of religious change from this perspective, the evidence points as much to the rejection of faith as to the seeking of faith among American adults. Indeed, among those who previously had no religion, just 5% report current identification with one or another of the major religions.
* Women are more likely than men to describe their outlook as "religious." Older Americans are more likely than younger to describe their outlook as "religious." Black Americans are least likely to describe themselves as secular, Asian Americans are most likely to do so.
* 68% of those identifying themselves as Lutheran report church membership, while only 45% of those who describe themselves as Protestant (without a specific denominational identification) report church membership. Nearly 68% of those identifying with the Assemblies of God report church membership. Church membership is reported by 59% of Catholic adults. About 53% of adults who identify their religion as Jewish or Judaism report temple or synagogue membership. Among those calling themselves Muslim or Islamic, 62% report membership in a mosque.
*citation|last=Gaustad|first=Edwin|authorlink=Edwin Gaustad|title=Historical atlas of religion in America|publisher=Harper & Row|location=New York, NY|year=1962.
* [http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=7422542 Is America Too Damn Religious?] -- from NPR.


Say "1040," and most of us think of the income tax returns we file each year on April 15. But it's only because of chance that we fill out 1040s, instead of 1039s or 1041s: That number was up next in the sequential numbering of forms developed by the Bureau of Internal Revenue, the predecessor of today's Internal Revenue Service.
It all began on Jan. 5, 1914, when the Department of the Treasury unveiled the new Form 1040 for tax year 1913. The feds set March 1, 1914—less than two months away—as the deadline for filing the form with the local tax collector's office.
Today's 1040 differs completely from 1913's. Let's focus first on tax brackets: 1913's brackets began at 1 percent on taxable income of up to $50,000. The next ones were: 2 percent on income between $50,000 and $75,000; 3 percent on income between $75,000 and $100,000; 4 percent on income between $100,000 and $250,000; 5 percent on income between $250,000 and $500,000; and a top rate of 6 percent on income above $500,000. Contrast 1913's comparatively miniscule rates with those set by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA): 10 percent, 12 percent, 22 percent, 24 percent, 32 percent, 35 percent and 37 percent.
The first 1040 was just four pages. Page one summarized your income and deductions and was where you computed your income tax (eight lines). The second page listed the details of your income (12 lines). The third page listed your deductions (seven lines). And what was the fourth page? It provided instructions—all on a single page.
Page three's list of deductions was skimpy, compared to today's sumptuous array of write-offs. It included a deduction of $3,000 for single taxpayers and $4,000 for married couples. While spouses could file joint or separate returns, in no case could their combined deductions be more than $4,000. (So yes, the marriage penalty—which the TCJA has mostly erased—dates back to the first modern return.) The $3,000/$4,000 write-off alone was sufficient to relieve the vast majority of Americans of the need to pay income taxes.
What remained to be done after taxpayers filled out their forms? In 1914, they had to sign "under oath or affirmation" before "any officer authorized by law to administer oaths." Nowadays, we simply sign.
Back then, taxpayers filed just over 350,000 1040s, and IRS sleuths audited 100 percent of tax returns. Today, the underfunded agency is also understaffed—and your chances of being audited are slim.


Magic Hat sent me their new summer seasonal, Stealin' Time Summer Wheat, which is to hit shelves this month. This is a wheat ale brewed with ginger. The label depicts a super close-up of a woman's face, the sun reflecting in her sunglasses. 5.5% alcohol.
Wheat aroma, really had to get my nose in there to find any ginger. Lightly sweet flavors to start though balanced. Next, a tangy twang aggressively shows up. At the finish is where you will meet the ginger. The ginger shows up unassumingly, but as you drink the beer, it does start to grow. Thick texturally which hurt refreshment. Was OK and as much as I love ginger, it got a little annoying by the end of the bottle. Check it out. It will be widely available.


Be economical. Use low-cost or recycled items such as takeout containers or shallow disposable aluminum baking pans to start your plants. Sterilization is key in reducing disease. Thoroughly wash containers, then dip in a solution of 10% household bleach (1 part bleach : 9 parts water) to disinfect.
Start seeds in clean, sterile seed-starting mix. Don't skimp. Use a sterile mix that is primarily made of peat or coconut coir.
Transfer the seedling to an individual container/cell/pot with regular potting soil (when its first set of true leaves (the second leaves appear).
they will grow sturdier and not get thin and leggy.
facing) window with plenty of light is one option. Otherwise invest in some lighting.
Don't get started too early. Read the packet for the number of days/weeks before last frost to start your seeds.
fertilizing when they're put in a good potting mix.
For the complete article, check here: Starting Seeds with Success: Best Practices.
Plant Talk Colorado Starting Seeds Indoors.
Colorado State University Vegetable Planting Guide.
Soil Testing: CSU Extension or DIY?
What Happens to Insects During the Winter?


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Hawaii Five-O Fan Forums
Classic Hawaii Five-O (1968-1980)
The Late John Louisiana
Thread: The Late John Louisiana
Just watched "The Late John Lousiana", which is a great episode, and is often overlooked on "favorite" lists.
This early season 3 episode featured the caucasian Alfred Ryder playing "Harry Quon", an Asian gangster in control of parts of Oahu. They did a decent enough job making up Ryder to look somewhat Asian, so this wasn't as offensively bad as we saw in some other episodes where non-Asian actors played Asians.
One of Quon's men, Tigner, was found murdered on Maui. McGarrett has a tough time making sense of this, especially when it appears Quon was unaware of the killing, and that there doesn't seem to be a rival gang after Quon.
It turns out that the killing was done by Quon's hitman named Nick, who had been assigned to kill a female witness to a murder committed by Quon two years prior. Rather than kill the witness (Julie Grant, played my Marianne McAndrew), Nick fell in love with her, and feigned being a businessman who just happened to meet her and fall in love.
Only later in the episode does Nick reveal to Julie that he was really a hitman originally sent to kill her, and that he killed another girl in order to fake Julie's death. While Julie is understandably shocked and seemingly disturbed by this, she surprisingly regains composure and decides to stay with Nick anyway.
Another hitman working for Quon, Charlie, eventually comes to learn that Nick faked the hit on Julie, and she's still alive. At this point, Nick is forced by Quon to "finish the hit" and all will supposedly be forgiven. Charlie was played by Al Harrington, which becomes confusing to watch given Harrington's role as Ben later in the series.
It is unclear why they don't simply kill Nick for his betrayal, and then let Charlie (who is clearly fully loyal to Quon) attempt to kill Julie, who is now in police custody. I had a hard time believing that Quon would have forgiven Nick for everything, even if Nick performed the hit the second time around.
After Nick shoots Charlie instead of Julie, and gets shot himself, it's unclear what he thinks his plans are. Clearly he is bleeding profusely, and he drives them toward a "radar station", which has neither a means of escape or any kind of medical supplies.
It's also unclear why, while giving chase, McGarrett takes Quon along (probably to provide his presence for the dramatic ending, where Julie agrees to testify against him!)
The title of the show refers to the gangster Quon knocked off, who Julie originally witnessed being killed. We only briefly see him in a weird flashback scene, taking place in a dream of Julie's.
When Nick has Julie sublet an apartment next door to his, it's unclear what his plans are. The manager says she can only have the place for six weeks, yet Nick and Julie do not have an escape planned out during that timeframe.
The show ends how you'd expect. Nick is killed (so the viewer doesn't need to feel torn as to whether to be happy or unhappy about his arrest or escape), and Julie finally agrees to testify against Quon.
McAndrew, who is now 77 (just 28 when on Five-O), experienced some resurgence in notoriety in 2008, when a clip of her from "Hello Dolly!" appeared in the movie WALL-E.
I give this episode 4 out of 4 stars, which is also Mike's rating.
Mr. Mike
Five-O Home Page Author
I recently re-viewed this episode which I had originally given 3½ stars to, but it should have been given 4 all along. There are two things about this show which I particularly like. First, the fact that the two leads played by Stroud and McAndrew are probably the "most in love" characters of any on all of Classic Five-O ... real "slobbering in their mouths" kind of love, LOL. Second is the outstanding color photography which exceeds even that which we normally expect on the show, like in the shot below.
barnzoboy
I actually just watched this episode over the 4th of July weekend as well. I too agree that it's a top episode. Todd, I'd add to your comments something I thought a bit odd watching it this last time - after Nick is shot by Charlie, he's clearly quite injured by the gunshot, yet rather than have Julie drive the getaway car, somehow Nick still winds up in the driver's seat. Overall I thought Don Stroud was really awesome in this episode.
Also - a weird idea I had while watching this (not sure why this was in my head - maybe the Holiday time period over which I watched it?) but I thought this would be a good drinking game episode - whereby participants would be required to do a shot every time Nick refers to Julie as "baby" during the episode.
You will get pretty sloshed, because the word "baby" is heard 23 times during this show, 20 of which are spoken by Don Stroud's character.
I was wondering whether Marianne McAndrew's vocals were hers or someone else's in Hello Dolly (clip above). I found the following on a WWW page:
https://www.broadwayworld.com/articl...DOLLY-20170529
Marianne McAndrew auditioned for the role at the urging of her agent. Despite not being a singer or dancer, she had played the role of Irene in a production of The Matchmaker. McAndrew was flown out to LA and put through multiple screen tests and table reads before being placed on retainer while the casting team searched in London. Unable to find someone else, McAndrew won the part. She was the only cast member whose singing was dubbed. Gilda Maiken, lead singer of the 1940's band The Skylarks sang Irene's ensemble vocals. The solo vocals were recorded by Melissa Stafford, who was one of the longest running performers on Dean Martin's television show - 1966-74 - and was known as one of Dean's Girls.
My review of The Late John is here, by the way...
http://fiveohomepage.com/5-0log3.htm#57
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Bowdoin Celebrates 211th Commencement Archives
May 28, 2016 by Bowdoin
During Bowdoin College's 211th Commencement ceremony, held May 28, bachelor of arts degrees were awarded to the Class of 2016, comprising students from 39 states, the District of Columbia, and 15 other countries and territories.
The invocation was delivered by the Rev. Robert Ives '69, Bowdoin's director of religious and spiritual life.
"As a ship sails forth from its harbor, sailors use bell buoys and lighthouses as the navigational aids to guide them on their journey," Rev Ives said, before sharing words of guidance from the many faith traditions represented within the Class of 2016. Read the full text of Rev. Ives' remarks.
Student speakers Rachel Snyder '16 and Bill De La Rosa '16, with Class President Roberto Tavel '16 (center).
President Clayton Rose welcomed the graduating seniors, their family and friends, and members of the Bowdoin Community.
In his first Commencement address, President Rose spoke of what he called one of the most significant responsibilities and opportunities graduates will face—"the need to find ways for open, honest debate and discussion about the hardest ideas and most difficult social, political, and economic issues—discourse that we generally find deeply uncomfortable and sometimes even offensive."
Rose warned of the echo chamber in which we often find ourselves engaging only with those with whom we agree on tough issues.
Rose said that engagement in respectful discussion and debate on important issues with those who disagree is important not only to test and sharpen our ideas, and to enrich our lives, but because democratic society depends on robust discourse.
"The stakes are high, but you are more than ready for this challenge," said Rose. "I know this with certainty. You possess a powerful combination of intellect, knowledge, thoughtfulness, respect, and courage. Be confident and fearless, and engage. We are counting on you." Read the full text of President Rose's remarks.
Download a PDF of the 2016 Commencement program.
Read remarks by:
President Clayton Rose
Rev. Robert Ives '69
Rachel Snyder '16
Bill De La Rosa '16
View a slideshow and order images by Michele Stapleton and Angie Devenney.
As has been the tradition since Bowdoin's first graduation ceremony in 1806, commencement addresses were delivered by graduating seniors.
This year's speakers, chosen through competition, were Bill De La Rosa '16 and Rachel Snyder '16
Class of 1868 Prize Winner Rachel Snyder '16
Rachel Snyder '16 used her talk, "The Time of Your Life," to explain the phenomenon she calls Bowdoin Standard Time, a time warp in which days feel like weeks, and weeks end on Thursdays at 1:30 p.m.
"What happens tomorrow morning when I wake up to find that May is actually the middle of the year, and not the end of it?" Snyder asked. "For our entire lives, we've lived in the spaces between summers, in the gaps between midterms and finals, in the world of academia. Maybe today is really a graduation from the academic calendar to the actual one."
"We all know that Bowdoin teaches us how to think critically, worship our curiosity, confront change head on," she said. "But the more important lesson Bowdoin has taught us is to be engaged. Engaged with the common good, engaged with our intellect, engaged with each other and more importantly with ourselves. Bowdoin has taught us to be present in our own lives.
"We call today a commencement rather than a graduation. A beginning, not an ending. The clock starts now." Read the full text of Snyder's remarks.
Goodwin Commencement Prize Winner Bill De La Rosa '16
In his address, "The Power of the Common Good," Bill De La Rosa '16, who was born in the US but raised in Mexico, shared memories of going door-to-door selling his mother's tortillas and tamales, and helping her clean motel rooms—before she was deported in 2009 and barred from returning to the US for 10 years. His father then had a stroke, leaving De La Rosa to care for him and two younger siblings.
"I am aware that I could not have done this alone," De La Rosa said. "Had it not been for the collective effort of my community—the hot meals delivered, the support I received from my friends, teachers, and mentors—the love and sacrifices of my parents, had it not been for the power of the common good, I would not be standing here, nor would you be sitting there."
"Growing up my mother would always tell me, "Hay que sembrar buenos frutos para cosechar buenas cosas." We have to plant good seeds, to harvest great things," said De La Rosa, adding that everyone can contribute to the common by making a meal for a neighbor, mentoring a new student, advocating for the environment, or embracing world politics.
Baccalaureate 2016
Read about Bowdoin's Baccalaureate ceremony, held Friday, May 27, 2016, in Sidney J. Watson Arena, with talks by (pictured, from left) Dean of Student Affairs Tim Foster, Maya Reyes '16, President Clayton Rose, Ford Foundation President Darren Walker, and Matthew Williams '16.
"We all have the power of the common good." Read the full text of De La Rosa's remarks.
Honorary Degree Recipients
Bowdoin awarded four honorary doctorates at the ceremony:
Dorothea Rockburne, abstract artist
Frank Shorter, Olympic gold medalist
Peter M. Small '64, P'97, P'99, trustee emeritus
Darren Walker, Ford Foundation President
Senior Class Gift
Senior Class President Roberto Doño Tavel '16 announced the class gift — a scholarship fund for an incoming member of the Class of 2020, with participation by 79 percent of the class.
Commencement Music
Chandler's Band played during the Commencement march and recessional.
Senior members of the Chamber Choir, Chorus, and Student A Cappella groups performed "The Star-Spangled Banner" and led the audience in a rendition of "Raise Songs to Bowdoin."


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