text:
25 years ago today - Jul 31, 1992
Counselor Gordon B. Hinckley is a speaker with RLDS president Wallace B. Smith at the RLDS Auditorium in Independence, Missouri, where the Mormon Tabernacle Choir also performs a concert "to the sell-out audience of 5200."
[Source: The Mormon Hierarchy - Extensions of Power by D. Michael Quinn, [New Mormon History database ( http://bit.ly/NMHdatabase )]]
[Mark Hofmann]
County Attorney's office releases 600-page transcript of interviews its staff conducted with prisoner Hofmann. Hofmann confessed that all the documents listed on statement of probable cause were forged. Some dissatisfaction is expressed in scholarly circles and in the public with the incompleteness of Hofmann's confessions.
[Source: Whittaker, David J., The Hofmann Maze, A Book Review Essay with a Chronology and Bibliography of the Hofmann Case, BYU Studies Vol. 29, No. 1, pg.80,]
115 years ago today - Jul 31, 1902
[First Presidency letter]
We learn from your communication of 29 inst. that in your stake there are children who have been baptized before they were quite 8 years of age; the time varying from a few days to a month. You ask 'should such baptisms be considered valid, or shall they be set aside and the ordinance repeated?' In reply we will say that it has been decided by the General Authorities of the Church that such baptisms are valid; but we advise that all children should be baptized as near as possible when they are 8 years old. ... Some children are more advanced, both mentally and bodily, even at seven than others are at 8 years old, consequently, in our opinion a few days either before or after the 8th birthday makes but little, if any, difference. ...
[Source: Joseph F. Smith, John R. Winder, and Anthon H. Lund, Letter to George C. Parkinson, as quoted in Minutes of the Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1835-1951, Electronic Edition, 2015]
125 years ago today - Jul 31, 1892 • Sunday
[George Q. Cannon]
In the afternoon, President Smith spoke spiritedly for about 85 minutes. Although the usual time was exhausted, I took the liberty of speaking for some five or ten minutes on the necessity of the saints refraining from controversies and from engendering ill-feelings and animosity over politics.
I felt impressed, as there were three Bishops present, to have them and their Counselors and a few other leading men, remain after the meeting while we spoke to them on the policy that the First Presidency was endeavoring to pursue, so far as they could use their influence, in political matters in the Territory. The brethren expressed the pleasure that they had at what we said to them. There seems to be a great deal of bigotry in the minds of many people concerning this question of politics, and we find it principally, if not altogether among the Democrats.
[Source: The Journal of George Q. Cannon, Church Historian's Press, https://churchhistorianspress.org/george-q-cannon]
Nancy Marinda Hyde sealed to Joseph Smith for all eternity by her Husband Orson Hyde
[Source: Genealogical Archives in Salt Lake City; Exploring Mormonism: Polygamy Timeline, http://www.exploringmormonism.com/polygamy-timeline/]
[Apostle Wilford Woodruff]
July 31 I Called upon Brother Kimball early this morning & had some Conversation with him. He told me a dream. He said He thought He had some Hogs caught with ropes & he was driving them up a mountain. He had one vary fat hog. He said we had better kill him. He would never be as good again to kill as now. He told some one to take Care of him for a while till he could attend to some others, and they let him get away from them & the hog ran up the mountain with all his might. When Brother Kimball saw him he took after him & told the brethren to help ketch him & kill him but they Could not ketch him so he got away.
He gave me what He thought to be [an] interpetation of the dream. The Hogs were our Enemies & one of them run away.
A few days since I Called upon Presidet Young & had some Conversation with him. I then went to the Endowment House & worked till 2 oclok. <President Young sealed Sarah Delight Stocking to me [the 3rd "Sara" Woodruff has married]. She was born in Canton, Hartford County> Ct July 28 1838.
I spent the Afternoon in the office. While in the Endowment House President Kimball said He wished me to write the account of the sayings of Joseph the prophet when He pledged himself that He would not speak upon a certain occasion untill all the 12 Had spoken so he had to sit 3/4 of a day & hear the 12 express their feelings & he could not say a word. He then said to the 12 you have caught me this once & I now want to give you some advise. Never get Caught as I have. Never go into a Cornor unless you Can see your way out in some manner. We gathered togeth[er] a Copy of all our works by request of Presidet Brigham Young to make a Deposit of them <in the corner of the temple.>
165 years ago today - Jul 31, 1852 (Saturday)
Elder Christoffer O. Folkman was brutally whipped and nearly killed by a mob at Tinstad, Bornholm, Denmark, where he labored as a missionary.
Orson Pratt and Henry G. Sherwood began the first survey in Salt Lake City. It is completed three weeks later, and construction of a bowery is begun on the Temple lot.
185 years ago today - about Jul 31, 1832
Hiram, Ohio. Joseph Smith completed his work on the inspired translation of the New Testament and resumed translating the Old Testament at Genesis 24.
[Source: BYU Studies Journal, volume 46, no. 4: A Chronology of the Life of Joseph Smith, http://byustudies.byu.edu]
105 years ago today - 105 years ago - Jul 30, 1912; Tuesday
A telegram was received from Brother Anthony W. Ivins this morning, stating that four hundred of our people in Mexico had already crossed the border line [due to unrest in Mexico], and that five hundred more were expected tonight, that they were practically destitute.
Brother Francis M. Lyman, Brother Heber J. Grant and Bishop Charles W. Nibley were consulted in regard to this situation. It was decided to send Bishop Orrin P. Miller to El Paso [Texas] tonight to assist Brother Ivins.
120 years ago today - 120 years ago - Jul 30, 1897; Friday
[After reviewing a case that the High Council refused to re-hear] The decision of the members of the First Presidency and Apostles present was, that no member of the Church should be punished by excommunication or suspension without due notice and trial before the constituted courts of the Church, and that brethren personally interested in a case should not act as judges or as adjudicators.
120 years ago today - 120 years ago - Jul 30, 1897
[Brigham Young Jr.]
Sent Moses Thatcher who is in Logan Canon [Utah] notice as follows
[']S[alt]. L[ake]. C[ity]. Utah July 30. [18]97. To the presidency & High Council of the S[alt]. L[ake]. Stake]. of Zion
Dear Brethren
We hereby prefer a charge against Bro[ther]. Moses Thatcher of apostasy and unchristian-like conduct; exhibited in public speeches, private conversations, in interviews through newspapers & in other ways, showing a departure from the spirit of the Gospel and the doctrine and discipline of the church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, such as to prohibit his right to fellowship and standing in the church.
Your Brethren
/ss/ Brigham Young [Jr.]
Francis M. Lyman
Heber J. Grant['] This was sent to Pres[ident] O[rson]. Smith Logan [Utah] who forwarded by special messengers to Bro[ther]. T[hatcher].
[Source: Brigham Young Diary, as quoted in Minutes of the Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1910-1951, Privately Published, Salt Lake City, Utah 2010]
[Apostle Francis M. Lyman]
Pres[ident] Jos[eph] F. Smith [counselor in the First Presidency] called bro[ther] [apostle] Moses Thatcher to task for some things he considered wrong in him. Pres[ident] Geo[rge] Q. Cannon and I were asked to listen. We did for two hours or more. Some of the charges made by Pres[ident] Smith against Moses, he seemed to clean up all right. In fact his explanations were generally plausible. There was finally some feeling shown by bro[ther] M[oses] when he declared that Pres[ident] Jos[eph] F. had been stuffed with lies about him for 14 years. Pres[ident] Smith told him that the day would come when he would regret the stand he had taken upon the question of church and state, which tends to prevent the Presidency from counseling the people in political matters. Moses said he never would. He was not afraid to stand by his position. We separated at 2 P.M. Bro[ther] Joseph sent a line by me to bro[ther] Moses on the train at 3:30 P.M. as we started for Logan demanding of him proof of his assertion that he had been stuffed with lies about him for 14 years. ...
[Source: Excerpts of Apostle Francis M. Lyman Diaries, http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies]
Church property confiscated
United States Attorney General files suit and confiscates the property of the church as well as that of the Perpetual Immigration Fund Corporation.
[Source: Tungate, Mel, Mormon Polygamy, http://www.tungate.com/polygamy.htm]
[Wilford Woodruff]
Dr Sanderson was spoken of who had been with the [Mormon] Battalion and it was believed he had tried to poison the Brethren to death & that He would be rewarded for his Crimes.
... [Brigham Young] informed the Brethren that there going into the Armey proved our temporal salvation at the time for the Governor of Mo had already recieved orders not to let our people pass the Mo river if we did not enlist.
The goverment intended to distroy us from off the face of the earth but through the Blessing of God we are here And I thank my Heavenly father for it. And [he?] knew we should prevail. Zion would arise the Judgments of God would be poured out the Blood of the Prophets would be av[enged] & their Cup would be filled double unto them. And if we were faithful we should yet have Brs Joseph & Hiram & many of the saints in there resurrected Bodies with us on earth & when we died should not sleep but a little time but should Come forth out of our graves with Bodies that no mob could kill. ...
The meeting opened with A shout of Hosannah to God & the Lamb repeated three times with its Amen. Br Young said the Ancient of days was not as far off as many supposed.
About noon A company of about 20 Utahs visited our camp. There seemed to be two parties of them. They came to trade with us & while traiding deerskins for powder & lead &c one Indian struck another one over his head with his gun & broke it. The old [Chief?] whiped them both, & during the Afternoon the one that had the gun broke over his head stole the other ones Horse & put out with it. Soon the Indians found it out & put after him. Followed him into a Canion & shot both him & his horse d[ead?] & returned to our camp with the Horse that the Indian [stole?].
The Utahs appear vary friendly to us as yet.
There was A [rumor/report?] out to day that the Indians intended to come & ask pay for their lands. Br Young has expressed his opinion that we Should not buy any land of the Indians but as the Lord made the land there was enough for both them & us, that we would teach them to labour & cultivate the earth. Br Pratts opinion was that we should not feed them at all untill they had done sumthing for it so as to begin right with them & teach them industry. ...
175 years ago today - 175 years ago - July/August 1842
The Millennial Star (England) republishes the available text of the Book of Abraham, facsimiles included.
Eleven days after Apostles Brigham Young, Heber C. Kimball, and Orson Hyde arrive at Liverpool, England, they baptize nine converts in the Ribble River near Preston. These are the first convert baptisms outside of North America. Heber C Kimball records: "about daybreak, Elder Isaac Russell (who had been appointed to preach on the obelisk in Preston Square, that day), who slept with Elder Richards in Wilfred Street, came up to the third story, where Elder Hyde and myself were sleeping, and called out, 'Brother Kimball, I want you should get up and pray for me that I may be delivered from the evil spirits that are tormenting me to such a degree that I feel I cannot live long, unless I obtain relief.' "I had been sleeping on the back of the bed. I immediately arose, slipped off at the foot of the bed, and passed around to where he was. Elder Hyde threw his feet out, and sat up in the bed, and we laid hands on him, I being mouth, and prayed that the Lord would have mercy on him, and rebuked the devil. "While thus engaged, I was struck with great force by some invisible power, and fell senseless on the floor. The first thing I recollected was being supported by Elders Hyde and Richards, who were praying for me; Elder Richards having followed Russell up to my room. Elder Hyde and Richards then assisted me to get on the bed, but my agony was so great I could not endure it, and I arose, bowed my knees and prayed. I then arose and sat up on the bed, when a vision was opened to our minds, and we could distinctly see the evil spirits, who foamed and gnashed their teeth at us. We gazed upon them about an hour and a half (by Willard's watch). We were not looking towards the window, but towards the wall. Space appeared before us, and we saw the devils coming in legions, with their leaders, who came within a few feet of us. They came towards us like armies rushing to battle. They appeared to be men of full stature, possessing every form and feature of men in the flesh, who were angry and desperate; and I shall never forget the vindictive malignity depicted on their countenances as they looked me in the eye; and any attempt to paint the scene which then presented itself, or portray their malice and enmity, would be vain. I perspired exceedingly, my clothes becoming as wet as if I had been taken out of the river. I felt excessive pain, and was in the greatest distress for some time."
[Source: On This Day in Mormon History, http://onthisdayinmormonhistory.blogspot.com]
... in Preston, England, Elders Russell, Hyde, and Kimball ... at the River Ribble they baptize nine members. George D. Watt runs a race with another for the honor of being the first to be baptized in England in this dispensation and wins; nine thousand spectators watch.
[Source: Orson F. Whitney, Life of Heber C. Kimball 129-32; Conkling, Christopher J., Joseph Smith Chronology]
On the morning of this day, in Preston, England, Elders Russell, Hyde, and Kimball have a terrible experience with the devil, being knocked about by an invisible force. They finally rebuke the evil spirit. At ten A.M. at the River Ribble they baptize nine members. George D. Watt runs a race with another for the honor of being the first to be baptized in England in this dispensation and wins; nine thousand spectators watch.
A Quorum of the Twelve letter to the general Relief Society presidency states that women should seek blessings of health from priesthood holders and not from other women. This officially ends more than a century of women's anointing and sealing blessings of health on other women and sometimes on men.
The death of George H. Brimhall from a self-inflicted gunshot. He served as BYU president from 1904 to 1921 and is the only BYU president to commit suicide.
During civil unrest in Mexico, thousands of Latter-day Saints flee the LDS settlements in northern Mexico.
130 years ago today - Jul 29, 1887 • Friday
... Bro. Jos. F. Smith and myself rode to the city. As it was asserted that they were watching the Temple Block very closely, we got out at a new place, beside Bro. Thatcher's house, and went back in the lot and got through a gate in the wall into the Tithing Office block, and by that means reached the office, where we found Brother Wilford Woodruff, who had arrived yesterday at 10 o'clock. [He comments on how various fellow general authorities have changed since he last saw them.] ... Bro. Bateman took Bro. Smith and myself down to my place, as we thought it was not safe for any of us to stop at the office. The deputy marshals are very vigilant and, thinking that they would find some of us around, they might make a search. Our meeting with the Twelve this evening was not attended by any clerk – no one outside of our Council. As the carpet of the room in which President Taylor was sick and died was spoilt by the packing of the body in ice and the using of carbolic acid upon it, I met our host this evening, having sent for him to come and arrange for his wife to select a new carpet in place of the other one. ...
Elder George Q. Cannon said: 'Brethren I desired to see you together so that I might explain to you our position. Brother Joseph F.[Smith] and I, have acted since President [John] Taylor's death in a manner to avoid confusion, and that no duty pertaining to his funeral might be neglected. But now that President Taylor is buried'laid away to rest'we desire to say that our functions, as his counselors, are ended. We therefore wish to know whether or not you desire us to carry on the current business of the Church requiring daily attention.' ... [Note: Franklin D. Richards moved that Cannon and Smith continue to function as a de facto First Presidency until a majority of the Twelve meet to take action. Moses Thatcher disagreed, saying that with Taylor's death the First Presidency was dissolved and that governance now rested with the Twelve Apostles. The meeting ended when a majority of those present agreed to allow Cannon and Smith to continue their activities until a majority of the quorum could meet....]
[Source: Minutes, as quoted in Minutes of the Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1835-1951, Electronic Edition, 2015]
25,000 people pass by John Taylor's body as it lies in state in the Salt Lake Tabernacle. At the funeral a letter written a decade previously by Taylor is read: " "I have no desire for any particular formula, but I should wish my body to be washed clean, to be clothed in clean white linen garments and robes, with shoes, apron and cap, etc.; to be laid in a coffin sufficiently large to contain my body without pressure. Should I die here, let me be buried in my own lot in the grave yard. Let the coffin be neat and comely, but plain and strong, made of cedar or red wood, or of our own mountain pine; if of the latter, colored or stained, and placed in an outer strong box, with a light cotton or woolen mattress or bed and a convenient pillow for the head. . . . Should I die in Jackson County, Missouri, let the above directions be carried out as far as practicable." Taylor's former secretary, L. John Nuttall, describes the funeral procession: "There were 1 hurse, 7 bands of music and band carriages, 43 carriages, 31 buggies, 19 wagons and one cart. Total vehicles 101"
152 members of the Mormon Battalion (discharged early due to illness) arrive in Salt Lake Valley accompanied by wives, children and 47 Mississippi Mormons. This swells the population to over 400. William Clayton notes: "The soldiers appearing in military order, many of them mounted. They have 29 wagons in the company and one carriage."
SANGAMO JOURNAL editorializes: "We do not know what course will be pursued by Mr. [Orson] Pratt. If he sinks under the denunciations and schemes of Joe Smith- if he fails to defend the reputation of himself and of the woman he has vowed to protect before high heaven-he will fix a stain upon his character which he can never wash out, and carry to the grave the pangs caused by 'the gnawings of the worm that never dies.'" Pratt had recently refused to sign a statement attesting to the good character of Joseph Smith after finding that Joseph had proposed marriage to Pratt's wife while Pratt was on a mission.
[Heber C. Kimball]
A singular sercustance [circumstance] occured on Sartady night which I will mention. Elder Russel was much trubled by Evel spirits and come into the room [where] Elder Hide and my self ware sleeping and desired us to lay our hands on him and rebuke the Evil spirrits. I Rose upon flower [the floor] and Elder Hide sat on the bed and we laid our hands on him and I rebuked and praid for him but Just before [he] had finished his prairer and Rebuked [the spirits] his voice faltered and his mouth was shet [shut] and he began to trembel and Real to and fro and fell on the floor like an dead [man] and uttered a deap groan. I immedially s[e]ized him by the shoulder and lifted him up begin [being] satisfid that the devils ware excee[d]ingly angry becaus we attempted to cast them out of Brother Russel and they made a powerfull attempt uppon [me] as if to despatched [me] at once. They struck [me] sensless and [I] fell to the flower. Bro. Russel [and Brother Hyde] then Laid [their] hands upon [me] and rebuked the evil spirit in the name of Jesus Christ and immediatly [I] recoverd [my] strength in part so as to get up. The swet began to roll from [me] most profusly and [I] was almost as wet as if taking out of water. We could very sencibly hear the Evil Spirits rage and fome [foam] out their shame. [I] was qite weack for a day or two after it. It seames that the devels ar determined to distroy us and prevent the truth from being declared in England; this was on Sartady.
[Source: Kimball, Stanley B. ed, On the Potter's Wheel: The Diaries of Heber C. Kimball]
Mormon families abandon their colonies in Chihuahua, northern Mexico, and "began to pour into El Paso penniless and with little except their clothing." As the chaos of the Mexican Revolution worsens, a Mormon writes that on 18 Aug. "a stampede was on for the border" by those in Sonora. Of several thousand Mormon colonists who leave, most never return to Mexico. Without the supportive polygamous environment of the colonies, many ex-colonists end previously stable polygamous marriages.
Young selects the site of the Salt Lake temple by using Oliver Cowdery's divining rod. This same day Cowdery writes David Whitmer, also a Book of Mormon witness and previously ordained successor that "we have the authority, and DO HOLD THE KEYS. It is important, should we not be permitted to act in that authority, that we confer them upon some man or men, whom God may appoint..." A year later Cowdery would disavow his succession claim and accept baptism in the church Young was leading to Utah.
I having lost my Carriage whip the evening before 4 miles back, I started in the morning on Horsback to go back after it. As I got near the place I discoverd two objects appear on A ridge before me About 1/2 a mile distant. I at first took them to be bears but after approaching a little nearer I discoverd about 20 objects appearing over the Hill. I soon saw that they were Indians And as I was unarmed & over 3 mi from camp. I did not consider it prudent to go among them. I wheeled my Horse & started on my return in a slow trot.
As soon as I Started back they called to me & one mounted his horse & came After me with all speed. When He got within 20 rods of me I stoped & met him. The rest followed on. I found them to be Utahs & wanted to trade. ... He stoped in Camp awhile & wanted to smoke the pipe of peace but we soon started on & He waited for his company to come up....
We walked from the north camp to about the centre between the two creeks when Prest. Young waved his hands & said here is the forty Acres for the Temple (we had conversed upon the subject of the location for the Temple previous to this) & the city can be laid out perfectly square North & South, east & west. It was then moved & carried that the Temple lot contain 40 Acres on the ground whare we stood.
It was also moved & carried that the City be laid out into lots of 10 rods by 20 <[long?]> exclusive of the streets & into Blocks of 8 lots each, Being 10 acres in each block & one acre & a quarter in each lot.
It was also moved & carried that each street be laid out 8 rods wide & that there be a side walk on each side 20 feet wide & that each House be built in the centre of the lot 20 feet from the front line that there might be A uniformity through out the City & President Young remarked that He wished but one house built upon A lot & they being in the centre if they took fire they would not burn up their neighbors....
President Young in his address to the Saints remarked ... He spoke of the saints being driven from place to Place, And Said the ownly way Boggs, Clark, Lucas Benton & all the leaders of the mob could have been saved in the day of the Lord Jesus would have been to have come forward voluntarily & let their heads been cut off & let their blood run upon the ground & gone up as A smokeing incens before the heavens as an antonement but now they will be eternally damned. ...
If the Brethren had not gone they would have made war upon us & the Gov of Mo would have been ordered not to have let us Cross the Missouri & the raising of the Battalion was our temporal Salvation at the time & said Polk would be damned for this act & that He with many of the goverment men had a hand in the death of Joseph & Hyram & that they should be damned for these things & if they ever sent any men to interfere with us here they shall have there throats cut & sent to Hell. And with uplifted hand to Heaven swore by the Gods of Eternity that He would never cease His exhertion while He lived to make every preperation & avenge the blood of the Prophets & Saints. That He intended to have evry hole & corner from the Bay of Francisco to Hudson bay known to us And that our people would be connected with every tribe of Indians throughout America & that our people would yet take their squaws wash & dress them up teach them our language & learn them to labour & learn them the gospel of there forefathers & raise up children by them & teach the Children & not many generations Hence they will become A white & delightsome people & in no other way will it be done & that the time was nigh at hand when the gospel must go to that people to.
He Said Be long spoken of giving a lecture to the females & when Be got time He intended to do it. He spoke of the duty of man to his God that he should love him with all of his heart soul, mind, & Strength serve & obey him. And that the woman in like manner ought to obey her husband & not to have a woman every time A man steped out be A watching him as uneasy as A fish out of water & as soon as he returns O whare have been, & what have you been about, & why did you not get back before & many other things that was none of her business. Her business is to take care of her Children keep herself Clean & House & keep my Close clean. Instead of that the Husband asks whare is the Children? The wife will say dear I dont know. I was so Concerned about you I have not thought about the Children. They are probably to some of the neighbors...
He said that every spirit was pure when it first entered a body, but many persons have been ruined in consequence of the mother giving way to temptation & fretfulness while in the state of [-] And the Husband ought to be vary tender & kind to them when in that State. And the Mothers mind ought to be excercised [-] things during the whole time & be calm & composed that what temptation the mother should give way to would effect the Child [in la?]ter life. Many other principles was spoken of By President Young of interest.
Heber J. Grant writes: "It makes one's heart ache to see so many people who are willing to work and cannot find positions." The Great Depression hits Utah particularly hard because its agricultural economy has also experienced a local depression during the national "Roaring Twenties." In some urban stakes, 60 percent of previously employed Mormons are without jobs in 1932.
Deseret News editorial, "Blood Atonement," affirms: "We take the ground that the only atonement a murderer can make for his guilt is the shedding of his blood according to the divine mandate... Under the new and everlasting covenant, as well as under the Mosaic law and the patriarchal law which preceded it, an adulterer who is under a sacred vow not to commit that crime is also worthy of death. But this is not sanctioned by modern civil law; therefore, the penalty cannot be executed. For the Church is commanded of God to obey the laws of the land."
A blessing given by John Smith, Patriarch upon the head of David Oman McKay ...
Brother David Oman McKay, thou art in thy youth and need instruction, therefore I say unto thee, be taught of thy parents the way of life and salvation, that at an early day you may be prepared for a responsible position, for the eye of the Lord is upon thee; He has a work for thee to do in which thou shalt see much of the world, assist in gathering scattered Israel and also to labor in the ministry. It shall be thy lot to sit in counsel with thy brethren and to fireside among the people and exhort the saints to faithfulness; ... and thou shalt go forth wheresoever thou art sent by the Priesthood, like a roaring lion in the forest, none to stay thee, for the power of God shall rest upon thee, and give thee strength, wisdom and understanding so long as thou art in the discharge of thy duty, and thou shalt confound the wisdom of the wicked and set at naught the counsels of the unjust. Study the laws of nature and follow the promptings of the still small voice of the comforter, and thou shalt be healthy and strong in body and mind, and thy days and years shall be many... Thou shalt also be mighty in healing the sick by the laying on of hands, for this shall be thy gift through prayer and faith, thou shalt also, if necessary, perform miracles in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ; ... This blessing I seal upon thee in the name of Jesus Christ, forth in the morning of the first resurrection a savior to thy kindred. Even so Amen.
[Source: Patriarchal Blessings]
Jul 27, 1887 • Wednesday
It struck me that Brother Woodruff, who, I expect, would reach Nephi to-night [travelling to Salt Lake on news of John Taylor's death], might, if proper precautions be taken, be saved a long and tedious journey from there by team if he could be carried safely on the train. I sent Bro. James Jack to see Bro. John Sharp upon the subject, and he brought me word back that Bro. Sharp would arrange so that it could be done. ... Bro. Hyde consented, and a letter was written to the Presidency and Bishops of the Juab Stake, informing them that he had been assigned a special mission and asking them if they would render him the necessary aid in carrying it out. Bro. Hyde came himself and I explained to him what we needed. ... The brethren think that Brother Woodruff is really in no danger; but Brother Woodruff has an idea that he is, and, I understand, is quite nervous upon the subject. I had a telegram sent yesterday to Brother John W. Young, asking him if anything could be done towards securing Brother Woodruff's exemption from arrest in time for the funeral. There has been a proposition made, I believe, to exempt men over a certain age from the operations of the Edmunds law. Brother Woodruff has been mentioned in connection with this, also President Taylor. Now that President Taylor has passed away, killed by the cruelty of these people, it has seemed to me that it might lead to a favorable consideration in the case of Brother Woodruff and other cases of men of advanced years.
SALT LAKE TRIBUNE responds in an editorial to the previous day's charge by George Q. Cannon and Joseph F. Smith that John Taylor was "killed by the cruelty of those officials who have in this Territory misrepresented the government of the United States." The TRIBUNE states: "George Q. Cannon and Joseph F. Smith seized upon the opportunity presented by the death of a worn-out old man to grossly slander some gentlemen whose only crime has been their efforts to perform their official duties under their oaths. There has not been one moment during the past two and a half years that John Taylor could not have shaken all fear of Federal officials by simply appearing before the District Court and promising to henceforth obey the laws."
Samuel L. Sprague, president of weekly prayer circle in Salt Lake City, instructs its members about "the holy anointing, that those who appreciated those sacred ordinances had in them the spirit and power to avenge the blood of the Prophets."
27, 28, 29, 30 I spent these 4 days in the Harvest field cutting wheat. I have never seen so great Crops of wheat & Corn among the latter Day Saints as this season & this is in accordance with the Prophesyings of the Presidency.
27th I took President Young in my Carriage & Started for an exploring expedition. ... We took our dinner at the fresh water pool & then rode 6 miles to a large rock ["Black Rock"]on the Shore of the Salt lake. We here made A Halt, And all went into the Salt water & we made up our minds at once that the great Salt lake ought to be added as the eighth wonder of the world. ... while standing to our waist in water we Could not get our knees to the bottom but would rise to the top like a cork. We found the most beautiful white Salt that I ever saw lying in bunches on the shore whare the water dryed away. The whole dody of the water will make at least 3 pints of the best quality of white salt to one gallon of water. ...
Joseph Smith receives a revelation giving the words of a polygamous marriage ceremony. The words were used by Newel K. Whitney to seal his 17-year-old daughter Sarah Ann to Joseph Smith the same day. Newell is promised that the marriage will bring eternal life to his household, including his posterity. Sarah is given to Joseph, but Joseph is not given to Sarah. The same practice occurs in sealing ceremonies in the temple today. The ceremony invokes ancient priesthood lines, which will "concentrate" through their posterity. The mention of posterity indicates the marriage was to produce children. The ceremony concludes sealing eternal life on Joseph and Sarah.
The SALT LAKE TRIBUNE publishes an interview with LDS President Heber J. Grant: "We never believed polygamy was wrong and never will. . . . "one of the cardinal rules of the Church is to obey the law. So long as polygamy is illegal we ourselves will strictly enforce the law." Grant had violated his 1891 amnesty agreement with the government by attempting unsuccessfully to take Fanny Woolley as a post-Manifesto plural wife and was found guilty of "unlawful cohabitation" in 1899.
Church leaders in northern Mexico order the Saints to evacuate to El Paso, Texas, as a result of civil strife within Mexico, which displaces some forty-eight thousand Latter-day Saints from the Mexican colonies.
120 years ago today - Jul 26, 1897; Monday
Pres[iden]ts. Geo[rge]. Q. Cannon and J[oseph]. F. Smith, at the Office this morning, received a visit from Stephen H. Goddard, from California, one of the Pioneers of 1847. He went there at an early day to better his financial condition, against the counsel of Pres[ident]. Brigham Young. In this he had not succeeded, but appeared to be a poor and broken down old man, barren in mind and feeble in body. However, he remembered many things spoken of by the Prophet Joseph [Smith], and having heard Pres[ident]. Joseph F. Smith in the Tabernacle on Sunday, he told Elder Geo[rge]. Goddard that he heard the Prophet Joseph give instructions concerning the removal of the Saints to the Rocky Mountains, and prophesy that they would eventually go there. He now told Pres[iden]ts. Cannon and Smith that on one occasion in his presence in the Masonic Hall in Nauvoo [Illinois], the Prophet Joseph mapped out on the floor with a piece of chalk a diagram of what he called the Great Salt Lake Basin or Valley, and said that the Latter Day Saints would go there. The course of travel was mapped out, which afterwards was the route taken by Pres[iden]t. Brigham Young and the Pioneers. He did not remember the exact date of this prophecy but as the Masonic Hall was not built until 1843, it must have been after that date...
130 years ago today - Jul 26, 1887 • Tuesday
The intelligence of President Taylor's death was concealed from the public until the Deseret News was issued. There had been so many rumors about his condition and reports that he was dead that people were, to some extent, prepared for the sad event.
Since his death I have felt that a change has taken place in myself in regard to exercising authority. I spoke with Brother Joseph F. Smith in relation to this subject. I have done all in my power to get the Twelve informed; ... so that someone may be prepared to take the responsibility of pending measures and the business of the Church. ... It is important, I feel, that I should do nothing at the present time that would not be fully sustained by the brethren, and I feel my position, therefore, to be quite a delicate one. ...
Br. Brigham Spoke on the folly of apostasy, and the lying Spirit that Apostates give way to after turning away from the truth. Said that while Joseph And Oliver were translating the Book of Mormon, they had a revelation that the order of Patriarchal Marriage and the Sealing was right. Oliver said unto Joseph, '"Br. Joseph, why don't we go into the Order of Polygamy, and practice it as the ancients did? We know it is true, then why delay?'" Joseph's reply was '"I know that we know it is true, and from God, but the time has not yet come.'" This did not seem to suit Oliver, who expressed a determination to go into the order of Plural Marriage anyhow, although he was ignorant of the order and pattern and the results. Joseph said, '"Oliver if you go into this thing it is not with my faith or consent.'" Disregarding the counsel of Joseph, Oliver Cowdery took to wife Miss Annie Lyman, cousin to Geo. A. Smith. From that time he went into darkness and lost the spirit. Annie Lyman is still alive, a witness to these things.
[Source: Diary of Charles Lowell Walker. Andrew Karl Larson, ed. Logan: Utah State University Press, 1980. 349, in The Complete Discourses of Brigham Young, Ed. Richard S. Van Wagoner, Smith-Pettit Foundation, Salt Lake City (2009), http://bit.ly/BY-discourses]
Counselor Heber C. Kimball publicly prophecies: "And the President ofthe United States will bow to us and come to consult the authorities of this Church to know what he had best to do for his people." Latter occurs 31 Jan. 1964.
Heber C. Kimball refers to 2,500 approaching troops and states that if somehow their wagons and cattle arrive in Utah without the troops, it would be "a mighty help to us" . Jokingly, he said he had "wives enough to whip out the United States"
[Source: Wikipedia, Utah War, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utah_War#Timeline_of_events]
Brigham Young, Heber C. Kimball, Wilford Woodruff and five others explore the hills at the north end of the valley. They climb what is now called "Ensign Peak." Heber C. Kimball declares, "someday an ensign will be flown here" and waves his yellow bandana tied to Willard Richards' walking stick as a crude flag. There was no American flag among the pioneers. Howard Egan writes in his diary of the beginning of Mormon agriculture in the Salt Lake Valley: "At 6 a.m. the bugle sounded for the brethren to collect their horses and cattle to recommence plowing and planting, the team to be relieved at intervals of every four hours during the day." The next day, he continued, "the bugle sounded as usual for the brethren to go to work plowing and planting."
[Wilford Woodruff, 2nd day after arriving in Salt Lake valley]
Ten men including the Twelve were appointed to go on an exploring expedition. ...
Brs Mathews & Brown returned to camp. Had Crossed the valley in the Narrowest place opposite the camp to the mountain on the west. Found the valley about 15 miles across. Passed over A river [Jordan] 4 miles from camp about 8 rods wide from which we saw sulpher hot springs and ensign Peak. We also had A good view of the salt lake through our glass & many rivers & creek runing through the valley.
In England, the Rev. Fielding begins to fear he will lose his flock if the [newly arrived] elders continue to preach there. He does not allow them to preach any longer.
105 years ago today - Jul 25, 1912; Thursday
... Brother Perry A. Bingham, and before introducing Brother Bingham, Dr. Hall was told that he was the father of nineteen children, eighteen of whom were living, and all good citizens with families, which information delighted him. And referring to Brother Bingham, Dr. Hall told the congregation that Brother Bingham's crowning glory was that he was the father of nineteen children. Dr. Hall also remarked that no other people afforded such a field for the study of eugenics as the Mormons, as they had drawn from and were composed of nearly all the civilized races, and besides, were maintaining a high standard of virtue.
130 years ago today - Jul 25, 1887 • Monday
... [Reflecting on the presidency of John Taylor] I have thought that age had an effect upon his mind. I look back now and see some things which gave me very serious reflections that I now attribute to the effect of age upon his mind and memory. ... It would have been an exceeding great pleasure to have seen him live and retain the full possession of his powers, both physical and mental; but it would not have been a pleasure to me to have seen him live with impaired mental faculties. I had known him in his vigorous manhood, when he stood among men as a great leader, to whom everyone looked and listened with attention and respect; and to to see him fail in these powers and become an object of pity, I knew would not be desirable to him and I could not take any pleasure in seeing him live in such a condition. ...
July 25 1887 {President John Taylor DIED 5 Minutes to 8 oclok P.M. July 25, 1887 Aged 78 Years 8 Months, & 24 days}
Thus another President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints has Passed away. President John Taylor is twice a Marter. At the Death of the Prophet Joseph & Hyrum Smith in Carthage Jail. He was shot with four Balls & Mingled his Blood with the Martered Prophet. This was in 1844. Now in 1887 Now He is Driven into Exile By the United States officers for his religion untill through his Confinement and suffering He lays down his life and suffers Death. "Leave Judgment with me for it is mine. and I will repay" Saith the Lord God sec 82, verse 23 D.C.
President John Taylor Died to day at 5 Minuts to 8 oclk which Lays the responsibility of the Care of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints upon my shoulders as Presidet of the Church or Presidet of the Twelve Apostles which is the presiding authority of the Church in the Absens of the first Presidency. This places me in a vary Peculiar situation, A Position I have never looked for during my life. ... Bishop Edward Hunter in several instances said I should outlive President Taylor and be president of the Church. I clashed him on those occasions and asked him not to Prophesy to me upon that subjet. He said Nevertheless it was true. It Certainly has Come to Pass And I Can ownly say Marvelous are thy ways O Lord God Almighty, For thou has Certainly Chosen the weak thing of this world to perform thy work on the Earth. May thy servant Wilford be prepared for whatever awaits him on Earth and have power to perform whatever is required at his hands by the God of Heaven. I ask this Blessing of my Heavenly Father in the Name of Jesus Christ the Son of the Living God.
President John Taylor died while in "exile" at Kaysville, Utah, at age 78. The Quorum of Twelve Apostles assumed leadership of the Church until 1889.
[Source: Church News: Historical Chronology of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, http://www.ldschurchnewsarchive.com/articles/58765/Historical-chronology-of-The-Church-of-Jesus-Christ-of-Latter-day-Saints.html]
[Heber J. Grant]
I arrived in Saint George the evening of the 14th and about 830 I called at the place where Prest. Wilford Woodruff was stopping. ... We had a long talk regarding the sickness of Prest John Taylor and the changes that would of necessity take place in case of his death. He told me of a number of dreams that he had had since the middle of April that had impressed him with the idea that Prest Taylor was not going to live long.
I expressed my opinion of the way Prest Cannon had treated our quorum in plain terms and said that I had much more confidence in Prest Joseph F. Smith than in Prest. Cannon and that I never expected to see the day after the death of Prest Taylor that Joseph F. Smith would not be a greater man among the latter day saints than George Q. Cannon. Prest Woodruff seemed to share my opinion that Prest Cannon had not treated our quorum with as much respect and consideration as he should have done, and also seemed to fully endorse my good opinion of Prest. Smith. Prest Woodruff favored bringing Prests Cannon and Smith back into our quorum in case of the death of Prest Taylor. Prest. Woodruff said he would be willing to have Joseph F. Smith made the Prest of the Church provided the quorum of the Apostles should wish it but as near as I could judge he had no idea that such a thing would be done. Prest. Woodruff expressed himself as having no desire to become the President of the Church, and I am convinced that he is perfectly sincere in what he said. I know that some of the members of our quorum are of the opinion that in the case of the reorganization of the First Presidency after the death of Prest. Taylor and before the death of Prest. Woodruff that Bro Woodruff must be made the President. I have no such feeling. I feel that Prest. Joseph F. Smith will succeed Prest Taylor is the First Presidency is reorganized. ...
Prest. Woodruff felt that John Taylor had been the right man and in the right place but at the same time he could not endorse in his feelings Prest Taylor's mining schemes; felt that Church funds should not go into mines. Felt that Bro Joseph F Smith should come home. Did not endorse the manner in which A. M. Cannon had run things in the Salt Lake Stake. ...
Felt that the Gardo House was a great mistake and wanted it closed after the President's death. Felt that, as he know little or nothing regarding the way Church funds had been handles, that an Auditing Committee should be appointed to fully investigate matters. ... Stated that many years ago he had dreamed that he was present at the dedication of the Salt Lake Temple, also dreamed the same thing in April last when dreaming of Prest Taylor's sickness, I never enjoyed anything more than I have my visit with Prest Woodruff. ...
Going from Silver Reef to Saint George and while in Saint George I had a number of talks with my Cousin Anthony W. Ivins regarding the movement which was being made to try and get Utah into the Union. He felt very much opposed to the sections in our Constitution proposing to punish polygamy and thought we were compromise on God-given principles for the sake of liberty. There is nothing under heaven that I know of that I am not willing to do sooner than compromise or relinquish any of the principles of the gospel. To agree to punish one's self instead of allowing our enemies to do it is not to relinquish or compromise anything in my opinion, and in as much as I have an assurance in my heart that I will not offend my Heavenly Father by supporting a constitution that punishes men for keeping His laws I am in favor of the Constitution which has been adopted and shall do all in my power to get the people to adopt it....
[Source: The Diaries of Heber J. Grant, 1880-1945, Abridged, Digital Edition Salt Lake City, Utah, 2015]
[Hosea Stout]
Heard letters read from Hyde containg covenants which he desired to have the people [of] Garden Grove enter into before they could be restored to fellowship. The Council objected to them as unreasonable.
Those covenants required them to swear under the most bitter curses and imprecations & Damnation to themselves to all eternity that they had not stolen or knew any one who had nor would not since they left the Mississippi river & that they would inform on all who they knew who had or did &c[.] Let this suffice that it was totally vetoed by the Council
[Wilford Woodruff, 2nd day in the Salt Lake Valley]
July 25 Sunday This is the first Sunday that the Latter Day Saints ever spent in the great /salt Lake valley bason. We Washed Shaved & Cleaned up & met in the Circle of the encampment. ... Evry man that spoke upon the subject said they were Joyfully disappointed that the whole appearance was Altogether better throughout the valley than they had Anticipated or even dreamed of.
At the Close of the meeting President Young though feble Addressed [us] for A few moments And Informed the brethren + they must not work on Sunday that they would loose five times as much as they would gain by it, & they must not hunt or fish on that day. And there should not any man dwell among us who would not observe these rules. They might go & dwell whare they pleased but should not dwell with us.
He said that no man should buy any land that come Here. That He had no land to sell neither should He buy any but evry man should [have?] his land measured of to him for City & farming purposes what He could till. He might till it as he pleased but He should be industrious & take care of it. He also warned the Saints against keeping any thing that did not belong to them. That if they followed this course it would leek out & they would Stink in the nostrils of Jehovah Angels & the Saints & though they might live with the Saints & die with them they would be damned at last & go to Hell for they were thieves & nothing but burning through Hell would Clens them...
Brigham Young, Joseph Smith, Hyrum Smith, David W. Patten, Sidney Rigdon and Thomas B. Marsh head out on missions. Going through Painsville, Joseph Smith is arrested several times for various debts; Anson Call bails him out [per Brigham Young].
President Gordon B. Hinckley breaks ground for a twenty-one-thousand-seat assembly building just north of Temple Square in Salt Lake City, Utah.
Zion Lutheran Church of Salt Lake City enters a float in the "Days of '47 Parade," apparently the first participation of a non-LDS church in this celebration of Mormon Pioneers.
Centennial of arrival of Mormon pioneers to Utah which is celebrated in special ceremonies outside United States by Austrian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, German, and Japanese Mormons according to reports in CHURCH NEWS. In Salt Lake City the "THIS IS THE PLACE" monument is unveiled and dedicated. Sculptor Mahonri Young says he has been deprived of $11,000 in payment for the monument. This brings a severe rebuke from George Q. Morris, who instructs him never to write the President again about this matter. Young never recovered the $11,000 and is bitter about it to the end of his life.
... I suggested to Brother Smith that we talk to President Taylor's wives about their privilege to anoint his feet preparatory to his burial, according to the pattern set by Mary in anointing the feet of the Savior. We called his wives in and explained the ordinance to them. I read to them from the Scriptures upon the subject and told them that while we had no precious ointment, I had some perfume that they might use if they wished to do so.
... President Taylor lies breathing heavily, though I think I see a change since he was dedicated to the Lord; he is more quiet and moves his hands less than he did; yet his strength is visibly failing.
[Brigham Young]
I said if General Harney came here, I should then know the intention of the government; And it was carried unanimously that if Harney crossed the south pass the buzards should pick his bones. The feeling of mobocracy is rife in the States. The constant cry is kill the Mormons. Let them try it. -- Little Cottonwood Canyon [At the Pioneer day celebration. News had just arrived that General Harney with 2,000 infantry, and a proportionate number of artillery and cavalry were marching to Utah. Young already knew about this, but waited until the Pioneer celebration day to inform the saints.]
[Source: BYS; Brigham Young Diaries, Leonard J. Arrington Papers, Special Collections, Merrill-Cazier Library, Utah State University, Logan.. (A reference reading LJA 12-55-5, 10, means LJA Series 12, Box 55, Folder 5, page 10.), in The Complete Discourses of Brigham Young, Ed. Richard S. Van Wagoner, Smith-Pettit Foundation, Salt Lake City (2009), http://bit.ly/BY-discourses]
The journey from Winter Quarters to Salt Lake valley took 111 days. No deaths occured on the journey. Brigham Young is one of the last members of the pioneer company to enter the valley due to ill health, arriving at 11:45 AM.
Young enters Salt Lake Valley with the rest of the pioneer company, and officially decrees this as the new Mormon headquarters. Among these pioneers are three plural wives and three black slaves. Young's attitudes toward African-Americans differ from the founding prophet's, and Utah would become the only western territory where African-American slavery and slave-sales were protected by territorial statute.
{+} July 24th 1847 This is an important day in the History of my life and the History of the Church of JESUS CHRIST of Latter Day Saints. On this important day after trav[eling] from our encampment 6 miles through the deep ravene, valley, ending with the canion through the last creek we came in full view of the great valley or Bason [of] the Salt Lake and land of promise held in reserve by the hand of GOD for a resting place for the Saints upon which A portion of the Zion of GOD will be built.
We gazed with wonder and admiration upon the vast rich fertile valley ... Our hearts were surely made glad after A Hard Journey from winter Quarters of 1,200 miles ... to gaze upon A valley of such vast extent entirely Surrounded with a perfect chain of everlasting hills & mountains Coverd with eternal snow with there inumerable peaks like Pyramids towering towards Heaven presenting at one view the grandest & most sublime seenery Probably that could be obtained on the globe.
Thoughts of Pleasing meditations ran in rapid succession through our minds while we contemplated that not many years that the House of GOD would stand upon the top of the Mountains while the valleys would be converted into orchard, vineyard, gardings & fields by the inhabitants of zion & the Standard be unfurled for the nations to gather there to.
President Young expressed his full satisfaction in the Appearance of the valley as A resting place for the Saints & was Amply repayed for his Journey....
As soon As we were formed in the encampment before I took my dinner having 1/2 a bushel of potatoes I repaired to the ploughed field & planted my potatoes Hopeing with the blessings of God at least to save the Seed for another year. ...
He personally lead the first pioneer company to the Great Basin, and on 24 July 1847, upon seeing the Great Salt Lake Valley for the first time announced: "It is enough, this is the right place, drive on." Over the next thirty years, he continued to supervise the migration of thousands of emigrants to the Great Basin through the formation of the Perpetual Emigrating Fund Company, which brought them West by various means, including covered wagon, handcart, church teams and finally railroad. He also oversaw Mormon settlement in dozens of far-flung communities throughout Utah and also in Nevada, Idaho, Wyoming, Arizona, and California in the process becoming one of the foremost colonizers in American history.
[Source: Utah History Encyclopedia: Brigham Young, http://www.uen.org/utah_history_encyclopedia/]
PALMYRA HERALD publishes an article titled MONEY DIGGERS: "We could name, if we pleased, at least five hundred respectable men, who do, in the simplicity and sincerity of their hearts, verily believe that immense treasures lie concealed upon our Green Mountains; many of whom have been for a number of years, most industriously and perserveringly engaged in digging it up." The same issue also includes "Poetical Description of the Mammoth, by a Shawnee Indian."
Officer in U.S. army heading for Utah writes that he met "a number of receding Mormons who found the severity of the Saints intolerable and who left Utah last Apr. They said secret assassinations had occurred during the last winter."
TIME magazine quotes an associate of recently installed president Harold B. Lee as saying that he was a "genius for organization. The Church runs like a great beautiful computer, clicking away. Everything is in its place."
L. John Nuttall writes of President John Taylors condition: "Prest. Taylor had a very bad night. Appeared to have some pain. His tongue is swelled & he has some canker in his mouth. . . . He is declining, merely sips a little brandy & water at intervals." Taylor's two counselors, George Q. Cannon and Joseph F. Smith send a telegram to leaders in Provo: "The precarious condition of President Taylor's health, suggests to us that elaborate festivities and rejoicings are not what the Saints should indulge in on the approaching 24th as they would be inappropriate under the circumstances."
Before three hundred spectators, the Salt Lake City baseball team, the Deserets, hosts the Cheyenne Red Stockings in the first game with an out-of-territory club; the Deserets win 3–2. The following year, Heber J. Grant begins playing second base for the Deserets.
We went up a Kanyon behind the house this mor to-day for the purpose of praying according to the order; [IE prayer circle] ... Bro. Keeler was placed on guard below and it made us [Cannon, Hawkins, and Hammond] feel safe from disturbance or intrusion. I was melted down, and enjoyed a powerful share of the spirit and had the spirit of prophecy. I felt to renew my determination to do right and to go forward with renewed strength with the assistance of my Father. It was a source of rejoicing, gratitude and thanksgiving to think I should be so privileged.
170 years ago today - Jul 23, 1847. Friday
[William Clayton, one day before entering Salt Lake valley]
The grass here appears even richer and thicker on the ground than where we left this morning. The soil looks indeed rich, black and a little sandy. The grass is about 4 feet high and very thick on the ground and well mixed with rushes. ... At the opening the brethren united in prayer and asked the Lord to send rain on the land &c. The brethren [of the advanced party] immediately rigged 3 plows and went to plowing a little North East of the Camp. Another party went with spades &c. to make a dam on one of the creeks so as to thro[w] the water at pleasure on the field, designing to irrigate the land in case rain should not come sufficient. ... The afternoon heavy clouds began to collect in the [S]outh West and at 5 o'clock we had a light shower with thunder. We had some rain for about 2 hours...their has been three plows going near all day. At night the camp were called together and a[dd]ressed by Elder Richards on a subject which seemed a little unwelcome to many from the way it was handled. It was a sermon of s[al]t from end to end, some felt a little insulted but all passed off well and jokingly. Some of the thinking brethren attributed it to the Dr's [Willard Richards] being inspired warmly or in other words pretty [] . . .
[Source: George D. Smith, An Intimate Chronicle; The Journals of William Clayton, Signature Books in association with Smith Research Associates, Salt Lake City, 1995, http://bit.ly/WilliamClayton]
[Wilford Woodruff, one day before the pioneer camp enters the valley]
We Left Ogdens fork /webber river East Canyon Creek/ & travled to the west 5 miles up Hill an exceding hard hill to clime. 5 miles brought us to the summit of the Hill. We then descended the Hill 6 miles through a thick timberd grove of Aspen & Spruce Balsom &c. The timber had been cut out of the road yet it was full of stumps & it kept evry teamster vary busy to dodge the stumps & not break his waggon. One man turned over his ox w[aggon] smashed the top all to a rock. There was two children in the waggon but they were not Hurt. The last 6 miles was as bad as any thing we had found.
Having travled 5 miles up hill & 6 down total 11 miles we nooned by A splendid spring in A small Birch grove. ...
At the spring whare [we] nooned we were met by Brothers Pack & Mathews from the forward camps. They brought A letter to us, & informed us it was ownly 10 miles to the valley of the Salt Lake or great basan & 14 to their Camp. They had explored the country as far as possible & had made Choice of a spot to put in seeds. They considered it the greatest greazing country in the world but was destitute of timber as far as they had been. Several fine streams of fresh water cutting through the valley.
After nooning we travled up another vary tedious Hill & down it into a valley & camped for the night, with Hills miles high on each side of us. I climbed to the top of one hill over 2 mil high. Was in a high state of perspiration when I reached the top of it. Whole distance of the day 15 mi.
[Heber C. Kimball, first foreign mission sermon]
... I went forword with Elder Hide with me having peculier feelings [it] being a long Sinigog [synagog] and crow[d]ed full to hear the strang thing thare [their] minds being much excited. I rose up and began to declare that thare had an Angel viseted the lorer [lower] regons and commited the Everlasting gospel to man and [I] prevailled on them to repent and prepare for his seckent [second] coming, and laid down the way for them to Enter Ito [into] His Rest. After I got threw Elder Hide bore testamony. It seam to have a gr[e]at effect on the congr[eg]ation. They cride glory to God to think that the Lord, had sent His servent to them. ...
180 years ago today - (Sun) Jul 23, 1837
Smith's only revelation for 1837 was issued at Kirtland: Concerning the Twelve Apostles, including reprimanding instructions for Quorum President Thomas B. Marsh. Smith reasserts his authority in the Church by maintaining that Jesus Christ said to him: "the keys which I have given unto him, and also to you, shall not be taken from him till I come." (LDS D&C 112)
[Source: Broadhurst, Dale R., Mormon Chronology, http://olivercowdery.com/history/morchrn2.htm]
25 years ago today - Jul 22, 1992.
During summer term various faculty members hear from friends or anonymous well-wishers that they are on a BYU Board of Trustees "hit list." From various reports the names on the hit list seem to be Cecilia Konchar Farr, Tomi-Ann Roberts, Martha Sonntag Bradley, David Knowlton, and Sam Rushforth. Provost Bruce Hafen denies that the administration received "a letter listing faculty members to be investigated" and explains that a complaint from the board is passed "down the chain of command and it's `responded to as appropriate.'"
Judge Nephi Jensen called and complained bitterly because the Deseret News quite frequently fails to publish things that happen in his court where influential people are involved, and a poor Negro or a person of no importance whatever receives lots of publicity. He said there is a feeling that is growing that the moneyed interests control the Church organ. ... He said he thought the News was committing suicide by not coming out actively and strongly in favor of the interests of the common people as against the moneyed interests.
120 years ago today - Thursday, Jul 22, 1897
[John Henry Smith]
This is Children's day. More than ten thousand of them were in line and at the Tabernacle. Prest. Wilford Woodruff was crowned King by little Miss Whitaker.
170 years ago today - Jul 22, 1847. Thursday.
[William Clayton, two days before the pioneer company arrives in Salt Lake valley]
Agreeable to President Young's instructions, Elder Pratt accompanied by George A. Smith, John Brown, Joseph Mathews, John Pack, O. P. Rockwell and J[esse] C. Little started on this morning on horses to seek out a suitable place to plant some potatoes, turnips &c. so as to preserve the seed at least.
While the brethren were cutting the road I followed the old one to the top of the hill and on arriving there was much cheered by a handsome view of the great Salt Lake laying as I should judge, from 25 to 30 miles to the west of us, and at 11 o'clock I sat down to contemplate and view the surrounding scenery. There is an extensive, beautiful, level looking valley from here to the Lake which I should judge from the numerous deep green patches must be fertile and rich. ...There is no prospect for building log houses without spending a vast amount of time and labor, but we can make Spanish brick...or we can build lodges as the Pawnee Indians do in their villages.
When I commune with my own heart and ask myself whether I would choose to dwell here in this wild looking country amongst the Saints surrounded by friends, though poor, enjoying the privileges and blessings of the ever lasting priesthood with God for our King and father, or, dwell amongst the gentiles with all their wealth and good things of the earth, to be eternally mobbed, harassed, hunted, our best men murdered and every good mans life continually in danger the soft whisper echos loud and reverberates back in tones of stern tho' quiet determination. Give me the quiet wilderness and my family to associate with, surrounded by the saints and adieu, adieu to the Gentile world till God says return and avenge you of your enemies. ... The ground seems literally alive with the very large black crickets crawling round, up grass and bushes. They look loathsome but are said to be excellent for fattening hogs which would feed on them voraciously. The bears evidently live mostly on them at this season of the year... We are now 5 1/4 miles from the mouth of this Kanion making the whole distance of rough mountain road from the Weber River to the mouth of the Kanion on this side a little less than 35 miles and decidedly the worst piece of road on the whole journey...
A while after we camped Elder Pratt and company returned and reported that they had been about 15 miles north from here and this region is as suitable a place to put in our seeds as they have seen . . .
A council was held at the Dr. [Willard Richards] Wagon and decided to move early tomorrow to the place designated, also, to send two men back to the president and company to report progress &c. then to commence forthwith and plow and plant about 10 with potatoes this week if possible, and thus continue till the seed is secured.
[Martha Brotherton]
"Well," said he [Heber C. Kimball], "there are many things revealed in these last days that the world would laugh and scoff at; but unto us is given to know the mysteries of the kingdom. ...
A little later, Brigham Young proposed to her saying:
Brother Josaph [Joseph] has has [sic; had] a revelation from God that it is lawful and right for a man to have two wives; for as it was in the days of Abraham, so it shall be in these last days ... if you will accept of me, I will take you straight to the celestial kingdom; and if you will have me in this world, I will have you in that which is to come... "
Ten minutes later, Joseph came into the room and told her:
"Yes," said Joseph, "and I know that this is lawful and right before God, and if there is any sin in it I will answer for it before God, and I have the keys of the kingdom, and whatever I bind on earth is bound in heaven, and whatever I loose on earth is loosed in heaven; and if you will accept of Brigham, you shall be blessed... it would be the greatest blessing that was ever bestowed upon you...."
Brigham Young added:
and you will never have reason to repent it -- that is, if I do not turn from righteousness, and that i trust I never shall ...
As she concluded her account, she noted:
"The next day being Sunday, I sat down, instead of going to meeting, and wrote the conversation, and gave it to my sister ... "
[Source: John C. Bennett's fourth letter (written Jul 15) to the Sangamo Journal containing the Martha Brotherton affidavit]
175 years ago today - Jul 22, 1842 - Friday
[Joseph Smith journal]
At the stand conflicting with O. P. [Orson Pratt] and correcting the public mind with regard to reports put in circulation by [John C.] Bennett & others.
[[The meeting was called "to obtain an expression of the public mind" with respect to the efforts of Bennett to defame JS's character. Wilson Law presented a resolution upholding JS's integrity and moral character. The vote by the citizens of Nauvoo, numbering "about a thousand men," was nearly unanimous, but Pratt arose and spoke at length to explain his negative vote, whereupon JS publicly asked Pratt, "Have you personally a knowledge of any immoral act in me toward the female sex, or in any other way?" Pratt replied, "Personally, toward the female sex, I have not."]]
In the P.M. a petition was prepared and singed [signed] by the citizens praying the Governor not to issue a writ for the Prest.
[[Rumors published as early as 21 May 1842 charged JS with complicity in the attempt to assassinate Lilburn W. Boggs, former governor of Missouri. Bennett made the same accusation in his 2 July letter, published in the 15 July Sangamo Journal. In St. Louis, the 14 July 1842 issue of the Bulletin published another letter and affidavit from Bennett connecting JS and Orrin Porter Rockwell with the attempted assassination. Soon after, on 20 July, Boggs made a sworn statement that JS "was accessary before the fact" in the assassination attempt and requested that JS be extradited to Missouri.]]
[Source: Joseph Smith, Journal, Dec. 1841–Dec. 1842 in "The Book of the Law of the Lord," Record Book, 1841–1845]
Orson Pratt votes against a public resolution in defense of Joseph Smith's virtuous conduct. George W. Robinson, a prominent Nauvoo citizen and brother-in-law of Nancy Rigdon, writes to James A. Bennett, a New York friend to the church, that "Smith sent for Miss Rigdon to come to the house of Mrs. [Orson] Hyde, who lived in the under rooms of the printing-office." According to Robinson, Nancy "inquired of the messenger . . . what was wanting, and the only reply was, that Smith wanted to see her." Robinson says that Smith took her into a room, "locked the door, and then stated to her that he had had an affection for her for several years, and wished that she should be his; that the Lord was well pleased with this matter, for he had got a revelation on the subject, and God had given him all the blessings of Jacob, &c., &c. and that there was no sin in it whatever." Robinson states that Nancy "repulsed him and was about to raise the neighbors if he did not unlock the door and let her out."
[Patriarchal Blessing of John Pack by Joseph Smith Sr.]
180 years ago - Jul 22, 1837
[Source: lastdaysPBbJSSb]
[Patriachal Blessing of Julie Ives Pack by Joseph Smith Sr.]
[Source: lastdaysJwgaotspahhTPbaamr]
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services presents a plaque to the Relief Society general president Elaine Low Jack in honor of the Society's service for older women.
Time Magazine features President George Albert Smith on its cover.
Wilford Woodruff writes: "Madam Mountford called at the house this evening and gave me a sample of her massage treatment." Woodruff had corresponded with "Madame Lydia Mamreoff Von Finkelstein Mountford," an international lecturer and world traveler, and was rumored to have taken her as a plural wife. During his last years she is constantly mentioned in his diary. She was sealed to him by proxy in 1920.
130 years ago today - Jul 21, 1887 • Thursday
When President Taylor received the manifestations that prompted him and myself to take the course we did in purchasing a two-thirds share of the Bullion, Beck and Champion Mining Co., we were under the necessity of borrowing $25,000./ of the Trustee-in-Trust. This was done with the knowledge of the Twelve, it having been submitted to them by President Taylor. For this sum we gave our joint note, drawing eight per cent interest, and President Taylor drew a mortgage on his mill at Ogden to cover the note and also secured it by a portion of the Stock which we had consecrated. In view of the precarious condition of President Taylor's health, I was exceedingly anxious to have this note taken up. I wanted it settled, if possible, in some way before his death, that it might not be mixed with his private affairs and put in the hands of his executors. ...
Apostle Franklin D. Richards: "God, the Father came down in his tabernacle of flesh and bone and had association with Mary, and made her pregnant with Jesus."
Apostle George Q. Cannon preaches: "But God, our Heavenly Father, reserved this-the land of promise-for the especial purpose of building up his kingdom in the latter days. As the 'Book of Mormon' informs us, it has been hid from the eyes of the generations of men for this purpose. If it had not been thus hidden the nations of the earth would have overrun the land until there would have been no foothold found for the establishment of the kingdom of God upon it. But the Lord concealed it, from the days of the flood, from the eyes of men, excepting those whom he led hither; as we are informed by the 'Book of Mormon' that no nation after the flood, knew anything about this land; although I believe it, is said in the Norwegian Antiquarian researches, that this land was visited by the Icelanders in the eleventh century. But there is nothing authentic in this. But be that as it may, this land was kept secret until Columbus was moved upon by the Spirit of God, to go forth and penetrate the western ocean."
Jesse N Smith Spoke in the Morning 30 Minuts & Henry W Lawrence 15 minuts. He had Just returned from the States. Visited Nauvoo & Emma Smith. Said there was not a vistage of the [Nauvoo] Temple left. The foundation of the temple had been taken up & the whole Block was Covered with a grape vine yard. He said the whole town looked like desolation.
[Three days before the pioneer company enters Salt Lake Valley]
Erastus Snow was with the vanguard company of Mormon pioneers led by Brigham Young. On 21 July 1847 Snow and Orson Pratt, alternately riding a single horse and walking, followed the Donner Party trail over Little Mountain and down Emigration Canyon, and they were the first of the Mormon pioneers to enter Salt Lake Valley.
[Snow writes in his journal: "From the view we had of the valley from the top of the mountain, we supposed it to be only an arm of prairie extending up from the Utah valley, but on ascending this butte we involuntarily, both at the same instant, uttered a shout of joy at finding it to be the very place of our destination, and beheld the broad bosom of the Salt Lake spreading itself before us."]
[Source: Utah History Encyclopedia: Erastus Snow, http://www.uen.org/utah_history_encyclopedia/]
Wilford Woodruff writes: "There was a Counsel of the Twelve held for four days with Elder Orson Pratt to labour with him to get him to recall his sayings against Joseph & The Twelve but he persisted in his wicked course & would not recall any of his sayings which were made in public against Joseph & others sayings which were unjust & untrue. The Twelve then rejected him as a member of their quorum & he was cut off from the Church."
Between July 20 and November 27, Joseph Smith writes for the first known time about his earliest vision of "the Lord."
... thus from the age of twelve years to fifteen I pondered many things in my heart concerning the situation of the world of mankind the contentions and divi[si]ons the wicke[d]ness and abominations and the darkness which pervaded the of the minds of mankind my mind become exceedingly distressed for I become convicted of my sins and by searching the scriptures I found that <mankind> did not come unto the Lord but that they had apostatised from the true and living faith and there was no society or denomination that built upon the gospel of Jesus Christ ...
marvilous even in the likeness of him who created him (them) and when I considered upon these things my heart exclaimed well hath the wise man said the (it is a) fool (that) saith in his heart there is no God my heart exclaimed all all these bear testimony and bespeak an omnipotant and omnipreasant power a being who makith Laws and decreeeth and bindeth all things in their bounds who filleth Eternity who was and is and will be from all Eternity to Eternity and when I considered all these things and that (that) being seeketh such to worship him as worship him in spirit and in truth therefore I cried unto the Lord for mercy for there was none else to whom I could go and to obtain mercy and the Lord heard my cry in the wilderness and while in (the) attitude of calling upon the Lord (in the 16th year of my age) a piller of fire light above the brightness of the sun at noon day come down from above and rested upon me and I was filled with the spirit of god and the (Lord) opened the heavens upon me and I saw the Lord and he spake unto me saying Joseph (my son) thy sins are forgiven thee. go thy (way) walk in my statutes and keep my commandments behold I am the Lord of glory I was crucifyed for the world that all those who believe on my name may have Eternal life (behold) the world lieth in sin and at this time and none doeth good no not one they have turned asside from the gospel and keep not (my) commandments they draw near to me with their lips while their hearts are far from me and mine anger is kindling against the inhabitants of the earth to visit them acording to th[e]ir ungodliness and to bring to pass that which (hath) been spoken by the mouth of the prophets and Ap[o]stles behold and lo I come quickly as it [is] written of me in the cloud (clothed) in the glory of my Father and my soul was filled with love and for many days I could rejoice with great Joy and the Lord was with me but [I] could find none that would believe the hevnly vision nevertheless I pondered these things in my heart ...
[Source: Joseph Smith 1832 Diary]
LAS VEGAS REVIEW-JOURNAL publishes a letter to the editor by Apostle Bruce R. McConkie in response to an article about a National Nude Beach Days outing at Lake Mead which identified the organizer as a Mormon. "We cannot speak about the laws of your recreational areas, but we are in a position to inform members and nonmembers of our church that this type of nude conduct is not moral behavior and is not permissible if an individual is to remain a stalwart member of our faith and religious belief." McConkie then urged the LDS naturist "to immediately contact his local bishop regarding this immoral practice," or to contact Elder McConkie personally "for an immediate interview."
80 years ago today - 1937. July 20
[Butch Cassidy] Died of rectal cancer in Spokane at the age of seventy-one. He was cremated and his ashes scattered over the Little Spokane River.
[Source: Van Wagoner, Richard and Walker, Steven C., A Book of Mormons, http://amzn.to/newmormonstudies]
The Brigham Young statue in downtown Salt Lake City is unveiled as part of the Pioneer Jubilee celebrations. Wilford Woodruff unveils the statue: "In the name of God I unveil this statue." Catholic Bishop Lawrence L. Scanlan gives the Benediction.
170 years ago today - Jul 20, 1847. Tuesday.
[William Clayton, four days before the pioneer camp arrives in Salt Lake valley]
...One of Brother [Robert] Crows men returned from Elder [Orson] Pratts company and reported that their camp is about 9 miles from here. He is hunting stray cattle. He says the road is very rough from here and about a mile beyond where they are camped the road begins to ascend over a high range of mountains. Elder Pratt has been to the top but cannot see the Salt Lake from there. Their company is gone on. I walked ahead of the camp near four miles and picked many gooseberries nearly ripe. They are very plentiful on this bottom. The brethren spent much time cutting brush wood and improving the road. The road over which we have traveled is through an uneven gap between high mountains and is exceeding rough and crooked. Not a place to be met with scarcely where there would be room to camp for the dense willow groves all along the bottom. We then proceeded on and travelled over the same kind of rough road till a little after 5 o'clock then encamped on a ridge having traveled today 7 1/4 miles ...We have passed through some small patches today where a few house logs might be cut, but this is truly a wild looking place . . .
180 years ago today - --20 [July, 1837].
[Willard Richards]
--Awoke this morning in the utmost horror. It appeared to me that evil spirits or devils had fastened on every muscle of my body, pinching it so severely as to completely stop the circulation of the fluids, and Satan himself held me so close by the throat, that I was gasping for breath. Doubtless it would have gratified the prince of the power of the air if he could have strangled me, but the Lord suffered him not.
We anchored in the Mersey, took the small boat, and Elders Kimball, Hyde and myself were the first who landed, after a prosperous voyage of twenty days from New York. We sought the first opportunity to unite our hearts in thanksgiving to our Heavenly Father for his protection.
[Richards, Heber C. Kimball and others have just landed in Liverpool to begin the first ever foreign mission.]
[Source: Willard Richards Journal]
Some three million hours of community service are contributed Churchwide as part of Worldwide Pioneer Heritage Service Day.
150 years ago today - Jul 19, 1867 (Friday)
The grasshoppers appeared in vast numbers and did great damage to the crops in Utah during the following few weeks.
[Five days before the pioneer company enters the valley]
From the top of Big Mountain, Orson Pratt and John Brown become the first in Brigham Young's company to see the Salt Lake Valley.
Brother McKay attended a Sunday School conference at Vernal [Utah]. The speaker remarked that Pres[iden]t. Don D. Colton, referring to the great improvement along the line of temperance
which had grown out of the prohibition movement, said that on the Fourth of July was the largest celebration ever held at Vernal, and yet not one arrest was made for drunkenness, a very unusual thing, in fact a thing which had never been known before.
Incorporation of the church's Utah-Idaho Sugar Company. As the successor to church sugar companies formed since 1889, U-I Sugar dominates the western sugar economy but puts an enormous financial drain on church resources during its early decades.
I received a copy of the Pioneer Programme and read some of it, from which I felt outraged in my feelings and in the evening expressed myself vigorously as to the manner I have been treated. I am one of the first and oldest pioneers which with my position in the church Should entitle me to some consideration. Not one of my sons or any of my family have been asked to take any part in the pioneer proceedings, whilst the Clawsons and their friends and associates are into everything. I felt like sending for Bro Spencer Clawson so as to free my mind, but concluded to wait until after the Jubilee & then express myself.
The first verified letter from the First Presidency authorizing Apostle George Teasdale, president of the Mexican colonies, to perform polygamous marriage there.
About the middle of the afternoon Bros. A. W. Davis and John W. Woolley drove up in a covered wagon, bringing President Joseph F. Smith with them. I was exceedingly pleased to meet him and we embraced. I have for weeks and months desired his presence; for I felt that in the condition that President Taylor was he should be with us. I have had to bear the whole burden and, it may be said, responsibility of the affairs resting upon the First Presidency for months. President Taylor's health has not been good since last January, and much of the time it has been apparent to me that if decisions were reached and action taken in certain directions, I must assume the responsibility, and have done so, though there are many things that I have not been able to do – which I would liked to have done. President Taylor has been unwilling to have them done, and, of course, I have felt restrained by his wishes or feelings. Yet if there had been two counselors with him it might have been different. ... I had President Taylor's attendants withdraw from the room and took Bro. Joseph F. Smith in, and we were alone. I tried to convey to President Taylor who it was. He was barely conscious and, I think, recognized Bro. Smith. I said to him, among other things, "This is the first time the First Presidency have been together for two years and eight months; how do you feel?" The response came back, in a scarcely distinguishable whisper: "I feel to thank the Lord." To me this meeting was a very affecting one, as it was to Brother Smith also, for he could not but help feel with greater force, because of his absence, the great change that had taken place in President Taylor since he saw him last.
First of 2,500 federal troops leaves Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, ―to establish and maintain law and order in Utah territory.
Jas Clayton had up and reprimanded & acquitted for firing pistols on the Sabbath.
170 years ago today - Jul 18, 1847. Sunday.
[William Clayton (six days before the pioneer camp enters Salt Lake valley)]
This morning the Camp was called together and addressed by Elder Kimball. He reports President Young as being a very sick man. He proposed to the brethren that instead of their scattering off, some hunting, some fishing, and some climbing mountains &c. that they should meet together and pray and exhort each other, that the Lord may turn away sickness from our midst and from our president that we may proceed on our journey. ... Elder Kimball proposed to the brethren that all the camp, except President Young's and 8 or 10 other wagons with brethren enough to take care of him &c proceed on tomorrow and go through, find a good place, begin to plant potatoes &c as we have little time to spare. The proposition was acceeded to by unanimous vote... Elder Kimball again gave much good instruction and prophecied good things concerning the camp. The Bishops brake bread and the sacrament was administered.
U.S. President George Herbert Walker Bush meets with the First Presidency and members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles and in the evening makes a surprise appearance at the Mormon Tabernacle Choir's concert on Temple Square.
105 years ago today - 105 years ago - Jul 30, 1912...
175 years ago today - 175 years ago - July/August ...


How much do you know about Hamilton Park in Dallas? Two miles beyond the NorthPark Center sits a neighborhood built for doctors, lawyers and educators in the 1950s -- a segregated, blacks only community. Some of the area's original residents still live there, and remember the rece-based beginnings very well.


text:
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This village along the Lomami must look much as they did a century ago.
The Belgians fought the Arabs from 1892 -1894 to end slavery in the Congo. They beat the Arabs. Did that end slavery in Congo?
My American elementary school definition of slaves was "people who are bought and sold" to run plantations. The Arabs also used slaves to run their Congolese plantations, but they didn't buy them. They were captives of war, a war driven by search for profit – ivory. Is there a difference between capture and "own" and buy and "own" people? Arab captives sometimes became important warriors or, like Ngongo Luteta, entirely freed (read his story in my previous post).
Was it freedom that the great emancipator, King Leopold II, brought to the Congo? Or was it another kind of "slavery".
Was it the King of the Belgians that emptied the Lomami?
The Lomami that Ashley saw from the prow of the dugout was vast and mainly empty of villages.
That is the historical mystery I want to solve. Why did Ashley find so few people when he took the dug-out up the Lomami? The Lomami was a main navigation route a century ago. What happened? The DR Congo today is, after all, a country of more than 60 million people in an area no bigger than the USA east of the Mississippi.
King Leopold II, not the country of Belgium, was the "owner" of the entire Congo Free State from 1885 until 1908. He had a personal challenge to "develop" the Congo but being unable to use the Belgian coffers, he had to make his colony profitable.
This antislavery movement has its dark side also. The natives suffer. In stations in the charge of white men, government officers, one sees strings of poor emaciated old women, some of them mere skeletons, …carrying clay water-jars, tramping about in gangs with a rope round the neck, and connected by a rope one and a half yard apart. They are prisoners of war.
And no surprise that the first international objections were not about slavery but about the lack of free trade. Europe had agreed to King Leopold's Congo Free State on the condition that there would be no economic "monopoly" and no commercial "privilege" in the Congo Basin… But that is not what happened.
The Congo State… has officially declared a monopoly of the products of the soil… either for itself exclusively or for certain Corporations… whose management it controls (appointing and dismissing Directors, & etc) and whose operations it assists by its Force Publique (private army).
The Force Publique forced the population to produce wild rubber, copal, cotton, ivory.
Congo State granted concessions to the Lomami Company in 1898 to 1912. The company established ports all along the north part of the river in the land of the Mbole peoples. The Mbole gained little and maintain somber memories. Colonel Tom is Mbole as is the current Territorial Administrator from Opala. Ivory, rubber and copal were essential riches for King Leopold II and they were plentiful along the Lomami. The Congo Free State used cruelty to force villages to make their quotas. Mutilations and murder were part of the repertoire of punishment.
For just a few posts, this 'search for the elusive bonobo' has sent us on a skim through history to when bonobo were abundant but already the future of their forests was being forced to a new vision. So, let us change the vision. OK, "us" includes me, but "us" also includes my neighbors in Kinshasa, the diplomats of the free world, the prospectors from China, the students of the Great Ape Trust Academy in Des Moines, Iowa… "Us" has to be big to make a difference.
Glave, E.J. 1897. Cruelty in the Congo Free State – report from December 1894. The Century.
Hochschild, Adam. 1998. King Leopold's Ghost: a Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa. Houghton Mifflin Books.
This entry was written by Terese Hart, posted on 2007-10-14 at 4:27 pm, filed under History of TL2. Bookmark the permalink. Follow any comments here with the RSS feed for this post. Post a comment or leave a trackback: Trackback URL.
money was the driving power for this bloody history, money is also the key to destroy or save the environment.
who destroyed almost all their own nature have the right to restrict poor people in rainforests to use their environment? Isn't this another form of colonialism?
Only if life animals and plants bring more value than dead ones or even gold,cobalt… then conservation can be successfull.
In my opinion the oil industry must pay taxes to save vast stands of rainforests(against climate change)all over the world. With this money the inhabitants of the rainforests should be compensated for using their forests in a suistanable manner.
The sad thing is that where there is a large area of forest resources and no protection…what happens in a country like DRCongo is usually some other kind of ripoff. Outside poachers, or outside miners…..
For too long DR Congo has been a no-win place for too much of the population.


text:
Q: Passing arguments into the revealing Module pattern in Javascript How can you pass arguments to a function when implementing the Revealing module pattern in JavaScript. I have a module like this
var GlobalModule = (function() {
    function consoleLog(textToOutput) {
        console.log(textToOutput);
    }

    return {
        consoleLog: consoleLog()
    };
})();

Later on, when i run GlobalModule.consoleLog("Dummy text");, I get undefined as the output.

A: return {
    consoleLog: consoleLog()
};

That part of your code is wrong.
You're exporting the Result of the consoleLog call due to the () at the end of the function, where you want to export the function itsself.
So just remove the function call:
return {
    consoleLog: consoleLog
};

A: Do with function inside the return object

var GlobalModule = (function() {
  return {
    consoleLog: function(textToOutput)
    {
     console.log(textToOutput);
    }
  }
})();

GlobalModule.consoleLog("Dummy text");

Simply Do like this same output achieved . object => function call .No need a return object

 var GlobalModule ={
        consoleLog: function(textToOutput) {
                                    console.log(textToOutput);
                                  }
      }

    GlobalModule.consoleLog("Dummy text");

A: Change the line
consoleLog: consoleLog()

To
consoleLog: consoleLog

Or even(es6) to:
consoleLog

A: You can do like this
var GlobalModule = (function() {
    function consoleLog(textToOutput) {
        console.log(textToOutput);
    }

    return {
        consoleLog: consoleLog // () is removed otherwise it will execute immediately
    };
})();

GlobalModule.consoleLog('Hello')

DEMO
You you want to pass a global variable pass it in the parenthesis of the IIFE
var GlobalModule = (function(x) {
    function consoleLog(textToOutput) {
        console.log(textToOutput,x); // will log Hello temp
    }
   return {
        consoleLog: consoleLog
    };
})('temp');

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Paul Baldwin was appointed as a trustee of Shaw Trust in February 2016 and is currently pursuing a portfolio career working with a select number of charitable organisations across a range of different sectors. Paul is also Chair of the Finance Committee for World Animal Protection, Trustee of the Gorilla Organization and a Trustee of First Rung Ltd, a North London-based charity that provides vocational training and work-experience opportunities to young people. Prior to the merger between Shaw Trust and the Disabled Living Foundation (DLF) Paul served as Chair of the DLF Board.
Paul has nearly 20 years' experience of the banking industry, working for UBS, Kleinwort Benson, Goldman Sachs, and HSBC. Whilst working at HSBC, Paul led a team of 65 across 10 different countries developing financial risk management products for large corporate and institutional clients. Prior to banking, Paul worked as a Management Consultant with The LEK Partnership, and within the Strategy and Planning sector for a large manufacturing business.
Paul has a passion for skiing and is a BASI (British Association of Snowsport Instructors) qualified instructor for both Alpine and Adaptive skiing, as well as a Volunteer Instructor and Treasurer for an Aldershot-based Disabled Snowsports club. Paul has a degree in Engineering from Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge University and an M.B.A from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.