Friday was a blockbuster day on Wall Street, as earnings results from some of the largest technology companies in the market helped power the Nasdaq Composite Index to a gain of more than 2%. Those stocks' rises filtered out into the S&P 500 and Dow Jones Industrials as well, but to a somewhat lesser degree, with those benchmarks finishing the day up by less than 1%. Investors have been waiting to see if the companies that have been the big growth engines for the overall economy would start to misfire, but the news from this earning season so far appears just as good as it has been for the last several years now.
Microsoft (NASDAQ: MSFT), Align Technology (NASDAQ: ALGN), and Intel (NASDAQ: INTC) were among the best performers on the day. Below, we'll look more closely at these companies to tell you why their stocks did so well.
Shares of Microsoft jumped 7% in the wake of the release of its fiscal first-quarter 2018 results. The tech giant said that revenue climbed 12%, lifting net income by 16% as Microsoft's internal shift in emphasis continued to take hold. As CEO Satya Nadella said, "Our results reflect accelerating innovation and increased usage and engagement across our businesses as customers continue to choose Microsoft to help them transform." The company continued to see its customers seek to transform their digital presences to take advantage of new capabilities from the tech sector. Cash cows like the Office productivity suite kept showing solid performance, but huge gains like the near-doubling of revenue from Microsoft Azure pointed to the importance of the cloud for its future. So far, Microsoft has answered the call and found ways to take full advantage of cloud-related demand.
Align Technology climbed 16% after posting its own report from the third quarter. The maker of the Invisalign orthodontic device said revenue jumped by 38.3% on a 32.8% rise in Invisalign case shipments. Shipments to teenage patients were up by nearly half, showing the company's successful transition from oriented more toward adults and balancing its exposure to its target patient base. A strong outlook for the fourth quarter also made investors more confident in Align Technology's long-term promise, and with the potential to expand to provide treatments for more severe forms of dental problems, shareholders hope to see its growth accelerate.
Finally, Intel shares picked up 8%. The chipmaker released its third-quarter report late Thursday afternoon, in which it said revenue of $16.1 billion was up 6% from year-earlier figures excluding the McAfee business. Intel pointed to the exceptional results from its data-centered businesses, which posted a 15% increase in segment revenue, and CEO Brian Krzanich highlighted innovations in artificial intelligence, autonomous cars, and the Internet of Things as drivers of the company's stronger performance. Intel's core client computing group still faces challenges however; sales were flat year over year, and the biggest growth drivers are still extremely small compared to its historical focus areas. Nevertheless, the company is making progress, and investors believe there are more gains to be had if it keeps executing well.
Teresa Kersten is an employee of LinkedIn and is a member of The Motley Fool's board of directors. LinkedIn is owned by Microsoft. Dan Caplinger has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool owns shares of and recommends Align Technology. The Motley Fool recommends Intel. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.


text:
Q: Android studio not founded I am starting a new project with react-native. I had used expo before but now I'm trying to use Android Studio for my development. But Vs is not finding the android studio and emulator I  created. I've added the path to systems but it is still not working? I am using Windows 11, Is there anything you recommend?
This is the result I get when I run React-native doctor
`
**npx @react-native-community/cli doctor
Common
 ✓ Node.js
 ✓ npm

Android
 ✓ JDK
 ✓ Android Studio - Required for building and installing your app on Android
 ✖ Android SDK - Required for building and installing your app on Android
   - Versions found: N/A
   - Version supported: 31.0.0
 ✓ ANDROID_HOME

Errors:   1
Warnings: 0
```**
`

A: I uninstalled and installed again android studio and react-native then it worked. I'm not exactly sure why!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Teen suspect wanted in shooting death of Temple University student turns himself in, source says(fox29.com)
506 points507 points508 points submitted 1 year ago by evanmiller20
ChangingtheSpectrum 55 points56 points57 points 1 year ago
You can not believe it all you want. Hate to say it, but the science is in: crime has a strong correlation with poverty. Like, studies have been done, it's not up for debate anymore. I'm glad you turned out okay, maybe your situation was different than this kid's - either way, we need to find a way to lift our poorest up
DJRoombasRoomba 24 points25 points26 points 1 year ago
"I don't believe it therefore it's not true".
"It didn't happen to me like that, therefore everybody else should have the same experience".
This mentality is pervasive throughout society and its a shame that so many people prefer to believe in personal anecdotes and delusions instead of accepting scientific evidence as reality.
I said in another thread earlier that there was a study done by UC Davis that showed that if somebody lives in poverty for 7 consecutive years or more, they only have a 13% chance to climb out of it. People don't care, though. They find the one success story and say "see I'm right!"
Shit is sad, man. Not just in regards to this, but it happens in so many different areas of life these days.
PhillyHatesNewYorkSouth Philly 🤟🏿 -4 points-3 points-2 points 1 year ago
Ok question, why are you quoting sentences that don't exist? The stuff you put in quotation marks was NEVER said.. so take your "Scientific evidence as reality" and go back and read what I said.
I'm sharing my opinion just because I don't necessarily believe something doesn't mean it isn't true you are perfectly entitled to an opinion and you are perfectly entitled to believe as you please. I shared what I thought, you took my words and injected your narrative.
DJRoombasRoomba 8 points9 points10 points 1 year ago
I'm quoting people who have said those things in the past because they apply to what you're saying. You're basically saying that because you and your buddies didn't end up trapped in cyclical, systemic poverty that you don't believe that that's what the majority of kids born into poverty experience.
It's saying that you allow your personal anecdote/experience to affect your beliefs so heavily that even though the studies and science say you're wrong, you don't care, you just don't believe it.
Studies are important. However, there are few people who grow up in these circumstances who comment on it here and I for one, appreciated PhillyHatesNY perspective.
PhillyHatesNewYorkSouth Philly 🤟🏿 21 points22 points23 points 1 year ago
And the change starts in the home, I can't express that enough!
TheThingy 10 points11 points12 points 1 year ago
And if the home is broken?
zooberwask 0 points1 point2 points 1 year ago
Pull yourself up from your bootstraps, obviously
Tumble85 6 points7 points8 points 1 year ago
You can express whatever you want, it doesn't change the fact that crime is a societal problem. The home you're talking about exists in a larger world and is subject to the problems that exist in that world.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
OGRA Asks Govt to Standardize Fuel Quality in Pakistan
Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) has requested the government to finalize standards and specifications of petroleum products, as complains rise from Japanese and Pakistan automobile manufacturers over local fuel's below-par quality.
According to an OGRA official, Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA) and Pakistan Automotive Manufacturers Association (PAMA) have shared major concerns over the high manganese level content in fuel being sold across the country, which could contribute to health issues and engine problems.
Related: OGRA Tests Confirm Petrol in Pakistan is Harmful for Engines, Environment & Health
In November 2017, Honda Atlas filed the complaint, saying the additive appeared to be damaging engines in its vehicles. The company had to discontinue its flagship 1.5 liter Civic turbo variant.
Manganese can be added to fuel to make it appear to be of a higher quality, but it can reduce fuel economy and potentially harm public health due to emissions. According to Honda's complaint, Pakistani fuel suppliers used the manganese additive to elevate the Research Octane Number (RON) used to grade petroleum and lower quality fuel up to the RON 92 grade required by regulatory standards.
Acting on Honda's complaint, OGRA and Hydrocarbon Development Institute of Pakistan (HDIP) have conducted tests on the petrol samples and have found that local fuel being sold is highly adulterated, capable of damaging engines and has a high CO2 emission impact on the atmosphere.
Related: Honda Pakistan Seeks Japan Experts' Help to Curb Use of Chemicals
A team of JAMA paid a visit to Pakistan in March 2018 and informed that Japan had serious reservations over the gasoline being utilized in Pakistan which was said to contain manganese content whose average was 52.6 ppm (parts per million). The JAMA team highlighted that according to United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) standards, no metal was allowed to be used whatsoever.
The Japanese delegation recommended permitting 18 ppm of metal to begin with, in order to help the oil industry in reducing the present level, which would eventually be concluded by completely removing the metal additives.
JAMA further stated that car parts were being destroyed by the high amount of manganese content in petrol, which was jamming the engine components and contributing to partial combustion whereas at the same time, is extremely dangerous to human health and the environment.
Tags:Fuel QualityHDIPOGRARON
previousCivic and City Combined, Surpassed Monthly Sales of Corolla for the First Time
nextRenault Pakistan Website Launched


Jersey Knight make thin slender spears and Asparagus plants - roots - crowns that are 2 years old are fast and easy to plant. However you must have patience as the Asparagus plants will not produce edible size spears until the Asparagus plants roots - crowns are 3 years old. Remember to check the soil pH. Ideal Buyer of 2 year Asparagus roots - crowns: Gardeners and farmers who have patience and that are looking for an economical way to introduce Asparagus to their garden. Why plant 2 year old Asparagus roots- crowns? There are several benefits for planting 2 year crowns: there is an economical benefit as 2 year Asparagus crowns cost less than more mature 3 year Asparagus roots and crowns, they are less cumbersome to handle, take less time to plant, and take the worry out of first time planting in your garden. Feed you Asparagus Happy Meal Asparagus Plant Food and they will reward you with years of great harvest.


One of the big pluses of participating in the social media is the surprise contacts with old classmates and, if you were a teacher, old students reaching out to tell you how you influenced their lives. How I wish my father, who was an inspired teacher, could have benefited from that. After I left my editing job at Newsday, I moved on to college teaching of English and, especially, of Journalism. Learning now, years later, how some of my students fared after graduation, has given me a great deal of unexpected pleasure.
And another surprise, quite unrelated to teachers and students, is the lovely writeup I received in Alicia Dean's blog page this morning. http://aliciadean.com/2013/09/27/kids-pets-and-problems-and-a-free-kindle-ebook/ . In fact, here's the reverse of the coin, as Alicia was my editor on my romantic suspense novel, TAKING THE TUMBLE, which is still being offered free on Amazon for Kindle today and tomorrow.


GM and OnStar are working on the integration of mobile Android application into one of their cars (Chevrolet Volt). A demonstration of a first working prototype can be seen in the video below.
Pandora is a free internet radio which currently sadly cannot be accesed in Austria. It has similar functionality to Last.fm.
Really great what is possible now and what will be possible in the future. I definitely have to have a look at Android App development. Has anybody already some experience with it?


text:
How did our universe and our world come into existence?
Revision as of 21:59, 30 August 2011 by Jamesm (talk | contribs)
The universe originated from an ancient, archetypal bang, produced by a minuscule but highly compressed, flea-sized ball of energy. Originally this energy consisted of purely spiritual energy which created itself from within, although even it can be traced back to an Ur-Universe's energy conception [Ur = is a German prefix which means archetypal, most ancient or original in English]. A universe is also called a "Creation" or a "Universal Consciousness" and so forth, of which exist 1049 variations. The least evolved Creational form is called a Creation-Universe and the next higher form is an Ur-Creation or Ur-Universe; the one following is called a Central Creation or Central Universe, etc. The ultimate of all Creational forms is the 1049, called the Absolute Absolutum. This Absolute Absolutum was the initial Creational form which created Itself from the Absolute Void by way of the Primary Big Bang, thereupon It embarked on Its path through 1049 different main Creational forms before becoming the Absolute Absolutum. Thereafter It wafts in non-space as the highest of the highest Creational forms and continues to endlessly expand and evolve through the wisdom of all Creations which unite with It once each individual Creation achieves a status of being an Absolute Absolutum as well.
Not one Creational form is absolutely perfect, not even the Absolute Absolutum. Creational forms, just as life itself, can only achieve a relative type of perfection over their evolutionary course through processes of constant waxing and waning and waxing again that characterize all life.
We live in a Creation-Universe, a material universe, unequivocally the lowest form of a Creation or universe. And our universe, our Creation, Universal Consciousness or whatever else people want to call It, must Itself strive to work Its way up the evolutionary ladder. It must evolve so as to become one with the Absolute Absolutum once It has passed through the 1049 Creational-form transformations. From a human perspective this process takes an unfathomably long time, for alone the period during which our Creation, our Universe, transforms into the next higher Creational form, that of an Ur-Creation or Ur-Universe, takes more than 85 quintillion years (85 x 1018 or 85,000,000,000,000,000,000 years). Once the Universal Consciousness, or Creation, reaches the stage of Ur-Universe, respectively Ur-Creation, this Ur-Universal-Consciousness self-generates an idea for a new, simple Creation, the type of material universe with which we are familiar. This "idea" or "concept" consists of the purest spirit energy and contains everything It needs to become self-creating for Itself from within Itself. From a tiny energy ball the mere size of a flea, It creates within Itself new, immense energies which become highly compressed until this process culminates in a monumental explosion - the Big Bang. The energies from this explosion initially shoot outward and then expanded for fractions of a second at 107000 times the speed of light, as they displace other universes in an effort to create Its own space among the uncounted other universes, or Creations, already in existence. The seven Creational belts, or Universe belts, form simultaneously, of which one is the coarse-matter belt, the visible-matter-universe. In this belt originate coarse matters and gases and dust particles from which derive meteors, suns, comets, planets, nebulae, galaxies and other things when coarse matter gathers and condenses. In this way our Earth was born. This means our universe's birth and that of our Earth, along with foreign worlds, stars and galaxies and so forth, is a Creational-physical energy process and has nothing to do with a Creator God. These happenings are the result of purely spiritual-physical and material-physical laws and processes based upon physics and chemistry in every way and are, indeed, explainable through them.
Interview with Billy (1998)
Spirit Teaching
Retrieved from "http://www.futureofmankind.co.uk/w/index.php?title=How_did_our_universe_and_our_world_come_into_existence%3F&oldid=17163"


text:
Cancer, heart surgeries delayed as coronavirus alters care
by: MARILYNN MARCHIONE, Associated Press
FILE – In this Tuesday, Jan. 23, 2018 file photo, a surgeon directs a special camera to be able to view his patient's cancer tumor on monitors while performing surgery at a hospital in Philadelphia. As the COVID-19 coronavirus spreads, many cancer surgeries are being delayed, stent procedures for clogged arteries have been pushed back and infertility specialists were asked to postpone helping patients get pregnant. In March 2020, doctors in virtually every field are scrambling to alter care. (AP Photo/Matt Rourke)
Some cancer surgeries are being delayed, many stent procedures for clogged arteries have been pushed back and infertility specialists were asked to postpone helping patients get pregnant. Doctors in virtually every field are scrambling to alter care as the new coronavirus spreads.
Medical groups issued advice this week on how hospitals and doctors should adapt as beds and supplies are pinched and worries rise about exposing patients to possible infection. That includes canceling elective surgeries, including many for slow-growing or early-stage cancers, which many people would consider not elective at all.
Luciano Orsini's operation, set for April 1 at Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia, was pushed to April 29. He lost one kidney to cancer last year and was eager for this surgery to remove tumors on the sole kidney he has left.
"I don't want it to get any larger," Orsini said of his cancer, which his doctor says it's growing so slowly that he should be safe waiting. He understands but said: "The anxiety of just have this inside of you and not knowing and wanting to get it out" is hard.
Choices like this are happening across the United States, said Dr. Len Lichtenfeld of the American Cancer Society.
"We are going to face ethical dilemmas, not just in cancer care but in medical care in general," he said. "We recognize that any delay is not good but we may not have a choice."
The cancer society on Tuesday urged people to forgo mammograms, colonoscopies and other routine cancer screenings until the outbreak eases.
On Wednesday, Vice President Mike Pence called on hospitals to delay all elective procedures across the country to help ensure medical capacity is focused on stemming the spread of the coronavirus. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services administrator Seema Verma said her agency will soon issue guidance on elective procedures, including dental care.
Dr. Deborah Birx, the White House coronavirus response coordinator, also addressed the issue, telling hospitals and dentists: "Things that don't need to be done over the next two weeks, don't get it done."
Medical care is being rescheduled for unplanned reasons, too: On Tuesday, Joslin Diabetes Center in Boston canceled all patient appointments after a staff member tested positive for the virus.
In Seattle, the U.S. city with the most virus cases, surgeon Dr. David Byrd of the University of Washington said many women with early-stage breast cancer that's fueled by estrogen — the most common form of the disease — could try hormone-blocking drugs and delay surgery for a month or two. One of his patients this week chose that because she was worried about the risks of virus infection if she went to a hospital for surgery now.
"This tumor probably took months to years to form. The likelihood of it spreading in the next few weeks is highly unlikely," Byrd said.
Many prostate and thyroid cancer operations also can wait, cancer doctors say. Other cases pose tougher decisions, Byrd and other doctors wrote in a paper published Wednesday by the Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network.
Cancer doctors "will face the heavy reality of rationing care," they wrote. "As the pandemic progresses, there will come a point when channeling a large amount of resources for an individual patient will be in direct conflict with the greater social good."
At Fox Chase, it was a tough call to advise Orsini to delay his kidney cancer operation, said surgery chief Dr. Robert Uzzo. Hundreds of surgeries each week at his hospital are under scrutiny to see which can be put off.
"We want to balance the harm of delaying immediate cancer care against the harm of potential COVID infection or possible transmission to other people," Uzzo said. "What people hear about a lot are about ventilators, respirators, personal protective equipment" being in short supply, but there also are shortages of blood and other things needed for surgery, he added.
IV chemotherapy treatments also are being scrutinized to see if a delay seems safe. Some patients can be switched to an oral medicine, and sometimes home health care can administer IV drugs, but only certain cancer drugs are approved for that.
"It's not necessarily a simple solution," said Dr. Richard Schilsky, chief medical officer of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, which has posted patient advice.
Family planning also has been disrupted. The American Society for Reproductive Medicine on Tuesday called for suspension of most infertility treatments, including in vitro or lab dish fertilization, retrieving eggs or sperm, and transferring embryos to a womb. Doctors should continue to treat patients in the midst of these procedures, but start no new ones until the virus outbreak eases, the group said.
Wei Escala has been preparing to freeze eggs for a possible future pregnancy but decided to postpone next steps.
"Egg freezing can wait for a few weeks or a few months, it's no problem," said Escala, who runs a software company in Austin, Texas. Delaying it to avoid spreading the virus is the responsible thing to do "for myself and for everybody."
Heart groups have advised postponing elective stent procedures for people with stable chest pain caused by clogged arteries. That's virtually all outpatient cases at New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Medical Center, said the chief of these services, Dr. Ajay Kirtane. Emergency stent procedures for heart attacks are still happening.
Several heart groups warned patients this week against discontinuing certain medicines. Some ACE inhibitors, like captopril, enalapril and lisinopril, and ARB medications, like losartan and valsartan, that are widely used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure and diabetes have been linked in some reports to COVID-19, the disease the new virus causes.
"There is the suggestion that the receptors that interact with these drugs also are the receptors that the virus are attaching to," but that's not known for sure, said Dr. Mariell Jessup, the American Heart Association's chief scientific officer. Some reports suggest the drugs help and others suggest they don't, she said.
"The harm that could come with withdrawing these drugs … is much greater than continuing the drugs and individualizing the care for each patient if they develop symptoms" of COVID-19, Jessup said.
In a podcast Wednesday with a medical journal editor, the National Institutes of Health's Dr. Anthony Fauci said there's no data showing harm but some scientific basis to think there could be a relationship between the drugs and the coronavirus.
"It is a possibility that we need to address" with more information, he said.
AP medical writer Carla K. Johnson contributed from Seattle.
by MIKE SCHNEIDER, Associated Press / Jan 18, 2021
Dillingham said in a statement that he would resign on Wednesday, the day Trump leaves the White House and President-elect Joseph Biden takes office.


text:
Q: How to expand PrimeNg TreeTable by code Assuming I have a TreeTable provided by PrimeNg for Angular2. How can I expand a particular node in code (for example in onNodeSelect callback)?

A: Once the code mentioned by prajeesh kumar is executed, to get the tree table refreshed, please add the following line of code:
this.treeNodeData = [...this.treeNodeData];

You can call the expandChildren() method like this:
  expandTreeNodes() {
    if (this.treeNodeData) {
      this.treeNodeData.forEach(x => this.expandChildren(x));

      // Below line is important as it would refresh the TreeTable data,
      // which would force automatic update of nodes and since expanded
      // has been set to true on the expandChildren() method.

      this.treeNodeData = [...this.treeNodeData ];
    }
  }

A: I guess the OP no longer needs the answer, but for anyone who reaches here and finds no answer -
There is a property expanded for TreeNode, all you need to do is just set it to true
selectedNode.expanded=true;

And if you want the tree to be shown all expanded, just traverse the TreeNodes and set expanded on each.  Which will be something similar to this
  expandChildren(node:TreeNode){
    if(node.children){
      node.expanded=true;
      for(let cn of node.children){
        this.expandChildren(cn);
      }
    }
  }

A: Using above I just wrote function for expanding/collapsing entire treatable nodes.
In my template I am passing entire treetable json to exapandORcollapse
<button type="button" (click)="exapandORcollapse(basicTreeTable)">Collapse /Expand all</button>
 <p-treeTable [value]="basicTreeTable" selectionMode="single" [(selection)]="selectedPortfolio" (onNodeSelect)="nodeSelect($event)"
            (onNodeUnselect)="nodeUnselect($event)" (onRowDblclick)="onRowDblclick($event)" scrollable="true">

In my component.ts file
 exapandORcollapse(nodes) {
    for(let node of nodes)
  {
    if (node.children) {
        if(node.expanded == true)
          node.expanded = false;
          else
          node.expanded = true;
        for (let cn of node.children) {
            this.exapandORcollapse(node.children);
        }
    }
  }
}

A: I did the same but I cloned the same tree object to itself and it worked.
this.treeData.forEach((node) => {this.expandRecursive(node, true);});
this.treeData = _.cloneDeep(this.treeData);


Is Marie Osmond Lesbian ?
Marie Osmond, an American singer, actress, and screenwriter is currently married to Steve Craig, a designer, since 2011. She was born to mother Olive May and father George Virl Osmond. Marie made her first TV appearance at the age of three when she and her older brothers performed on The Andy Williams Show as the Osmonds. After spending the 60s as variety-show fixtures, the Osmonds shot to pop stardom in 1970 after turning to recording.
Marie Osmond was born on 13 October 1959 in Ogden, Utah to the family of George Virl Osmond and Olive May. As a child, she was a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
She herself made a debut on TV as the part of her brothers' act The Osmond Brothers on The Andy Williams Show when she was just four years of age.
She came up with her fourth studio album named 'This Is The Way That I Feel in 1977. She collaborated with Dan Seals singing a duet called 'Meet Me in Montana. The song became the no.1 country hit in 1985.
Some of her hit songs include I Only Wanted You, You're Still New to Me, I Only Wanted You, and Everybody's Crazy 'Bout My Baby.
She started her acting career in 1976 in Donny & Marie. The show was renamed The Osmond Family Hour in 1979. She performed in the documentary series Ripley's Believe It or Not! with Jack Palance in 1985 and 1986 for two seasons.
Not just acting and music, she also had a radio show called 'Marie and Friends' in 2004.
Osmond has an estimated net worth of about $20 million at present.
Marie has been married three times and twice with the same man.
Previously, she was in a relationship with Jeff Clayton, an acting student. The couple got engaged in 1979 but soon called off the betrothal. She mentioned that it was too tough for her to make a commitment as marriage is a very crucial step.
She married her first husband the Brigham Young University basketball player Stephen Lyle Craig on 26 June 1982. They welcomed their only child Stephen James Craig on 20 June 1983.
Because of some personal disputes, the two divorced in 1985. The next year she married Brian Blosil at the Jordan River Temple in Utah in October 1986.
The couple shares two kids Rachael Lauren (1989) and Matthew Richard (1998). Also, they adopted five more kids namely Michael Bryan, Brandon Warren, Brianna Patricia, Abigail Olive May, and Jessica Marie.
Her daughter Jessica is bisexual. Osmond revealed the fact in April 2009 and mentioned that she's living with her partner in Los Angeles.
The couple announced they were divorcing on 4 March 2011. In May 2011 she remarried her first husband Craig in a small ceremony in the Las Vegas Nevada Temple and wore the same dress from her first wedding.
Her son Michael killed himself by jumping from the eighth floor of his apartment on 26 February 2010. Sources reported that he was in rehabilitation at the age of 12. He was battling from depression and addiction.
Osmond herself suffered from postpartum depression back in 1999.
Age: As of 2019, she is 59 years old.
Height: She stands at a height of 5 feet 5 inches tall.
Weight: 120 lbs or 54 kg.
Marie Osmond got married to Steve Craig on 26 June 1982, but the couple did not continue their marriage relationship and they divorced on 4 October 1985.
She got married to Brian Blosil on 28 October 1986 but the couple did not continue their marriage relationship and they divorced in 2007.
She then remarried her first husband Steve Craig on May 2011.They have one child named Stephen.
They have one child named, Stephen James Craig, who was born on April 20, 1983. He is the first child of this couple.
Rachael Lauren is the second child who was born on August 19, 1989. There is not much information about Rachael.
Matthew is the third child of Marie. There is not much information about him except a few pictures.
She is the adoptive child of her named Jessica Marie born on December 17, 1987. There is no more information about her.
He is the adoptive child of her named Brandon Warren born in November 1996.There is no more information about his.
She is the adoptive child of her named ,Brianna Patricia who was born on November 19, 1997.
He is the adoptive child of her named,Abigail Olive who was born in May b. September 5, 2002.


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We are committed to providing you with high-quality genetically standardized models such as SPF (Specific Pathogen Free) and SOPF (Specific and Opportunistic Pathogen Free) animals which are free of select infectious agents and parasites. The terms SPF and SOPF are mare commonly used in continental Europe while, VAF Plus and VAF Elite are mare recognisable in the UK and North America.
SPF = VAF Plus and SOPF = VAF Elite; they are based on the same monitoring programmes in terms of agents screened, number and age of animals screened, frequency of testing, and recycling policies.
Research models, products and services can be ordered with our customer service deparment, via telephone or mail.
Each order must be confirmed.
To do the order processing smoother we encourage to use our ordering form, which is available on your request.
Quarantines are often required by animal facilities to screen incoming animals for unwanted pathogens prior to introduction, and often take place either in a designated quarantine space or at a third-party facility. Quarantines can assess the current animals' health status and safeguard against a potential facility contamination.
The integrity of your research is susceptible to compromise in the face of natural disaster, genetic drift, and microbial contamination. Our embryology services ensure that no matter the circumstances, you maintain the ability to access your original stock and keep your research moving forward. These options provide an alternative to maintaining live animals for strains that are not currently being used, but may be needed in the future.
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Vandana Shiva was an early opponent of India's "green revolution": she criticised the commercialisation of agriculture with its disease-prone monocultures and hybrid plants. Seed, once perceived as a "free public resource", has been transformed into a commodity over which small-scale farmers no longer have any control.
Indeed, multinational companies are now patenting seeds.Shiva has fought this trend for many years.
Shiva's key goals are to maintain the free availability of indigenous seeds in Indian village communities and to promote chemical-free cultivation. As she sees it, farming must be communal: she rejects the role of multinational companies as proprietors of agriculture.
Dr Vandana Shiva has received multiple accolades for her activism in the areas of environmental protection, biological diversity, women's rights and sustainability. In 1993, she was awarded the Right Livelihood Award.


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Presence at ICA 2004 – Proceedings
(Tele)Presence: Theory and Measurement
A presence event co-sponsored by the Information Systems division of the International Communication Association (ICA), the International Society for Presence Research (ISPR), and the Media Interface &
Network Design (M.I.N.D.) Labs
at the annual ICA conference
in New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
A double session Friday, May 28, 2004 from 3:45 p.m. – 6:30 p.m. (followed by dinner!)
For more information please contact Matthew Lombard.
The concept of presence, variously defined as a sense of 'being there,' a 'sensation of reality,' and more generally as 'an illusion of nonmediation,' is being examined by a growing international community of scholars in diverse fields from computer science to philosophy, but the concept has particular relevance to communication. This double panel features presentations by and discussions among scholars at the forefront of work in this area. The first panel considers important theoretical issues regarding presence phenomena, while the second panel focuses on the increasingly diverse and sophisticated tools and approaches available to presence researchers who need to measure presence responses. Participants and interested audience members are invited to dinner following the panel (location to be announced at the session).
The paper titles, authors/presenters and abstracts for the two panels are below.
Introduction: Defining and Theorizing About Presence
Matthew Lombard
Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
International Society for Presence Research (ISPR)
Media Interface and Network Design (M.I.N.D.) Lab
[Powerpoint]
This presentation will serve as an introduction to the panel. The proper conceptual definition, and even the proper term, for presence have been the subject of extensive discussion and debate. The different perspectives, the degree to which they represent terminological vs. substantive disagreement, and their potential to hinder advances in presence theory and research, will be considered. To address the issue regarding advancement of theory, the presentation will propose attributes of an ideal theory of presence and assess our progress in developing such theories.
Presence Theory in the Realm of Spatial Orientation
Frank Biocca
Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Spatial presence (also known as physical presence) is often defined simply as the "sense of being there," the illusion of being inside the mediated space. Recent theorizing on presence has attempted to unpack the psychological mechanisms that help generate this illusion in media as diverse as books and virtual reality. The presentation will review current models of spatial cognition and presence, including those that posit two contributing mechanisms, one driven by attention and mental imagery, the other driven by preattentive perceptual processes such as those involved in spatial updating. The presentation will also suggest that these mechanisms may be essential to any form of representation.
Shifting Perspectives in Communication Media: Social Presence and Connectedness as Complementary Notions
Wijnand A. IJsselsteijn,
P. Markopoulos, J. van Baren, N. Romero
Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands
A central vision driving today's telecommunication research is the one of transparent immediacy: communication media attempting to simulate the real-time face-to-face situation as closely as possible, thereby engendering a sense of being together, or social presence. In contrast, the emergence and proliferation of email, instant messaging and SMS indicate a need for low-bandwidth, asynchronous, informal communication systems, enabling people to stay emotionally connected. Such communication needs may not be best served by systems emulating physical proximity. We investigate how telecommunication devices may support light-hearted, effortless interpersonal communication, helping people to stay in touch, to maintain peripheral awareness of each other's whereabouts and activities over extended periods of time. In this paper, we present the concepts of social presence and connectedness as complementary notions, each relating to a different set of media properties that serve distinct communication needs. Based on existing literature and empirical work from the ASTRA project, we discuss user requirements and evaluations for home awareness systems.
Presence Theory in the Realm of Social Interaction with Technology:
Computers, Computer Agents, and Beyond
Prabu David
Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
In a series of cleverly designed experiments, Reeves, Nass, Moon and colleagues have demonstrated how people orient to computers in ways that are similar to human interactions in social contexts. The tendency of humans to apply social rules and norms in human-computer interaction is referred to in the literature as the CASA (Computer as Social Actor) effect. Reeves and Nass argue that the human mind, so attuned to human-human interactions over years of evolution, resorts to this default mechanism when placed in a human-computer interaction context. Elsewhere, Nass and Moon have argued that a social orientation toward a computer is a "mindless" response. While both these explanations have currency, further research is required to understand whether the underlying cognitive mechanisms in human-computer interactions are similar to mechanisms involved in human-human interaction. Using Searle's Chinese Room argument against the Turing Test, I argue that there are qualitative differences between human-human interaction and human-computer interaction, and that the focus of future research in this area should be to identify the boundary conditions at which human-human interaction differs from human-computer interaction. Constructs such as intentionality and fairness seem to be promising markers to examine the differences between human-human and human-computer interaction schemas and I will present some data to support my arguments.
Presence and Reality: Making Media Experiences Conceptually Real by
Getting Beyond Sense Perceptions
Michael Shapiro
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
A great deal of attention has been paid to the sensory aspects of mediated experiences, in particular computer games and game graphics, to enhance their realism. Conceptual definitions of presence also focus on the sensory aspects of the feeling of being there. However, for older children and adults much of their sense of realism is based on conceptual thinking, not just sensory processing. This presentation will consider what we know about these more conceptual aspects of reality perception and how can they be used to create the computer games and other media experiences (e.g., VR) of the future.
Measurement of Social Presence: The M.I.N.D. Lab Social Presence
Chad Harms
Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
Mediated social presence has been defined as the degree to which a user of a communication technology feels that another human being or intelligence is accessible and co-present via the medium. There is general acknowledgement that compared to face-to-face interaction, the level of social presence varies across media. There is far less agreement on how to measure social presence. This presentation will review criteria that have been proposed for a successful measure of social presence and efforts at devising useful, valid, and generalizable measures of this challenging but valuable construct.
Measuring Behavioral Correlates of Social Presence in Virtual Encounters
Gary Bente, Sabine Rüggenberg, Bernd Tietz and Silja Wortberg
University of Cologne, Germany
Although questionnaire data can provide relevant insights into the psychological processes underlying the experience of social presence they are restricted to the measurement of 'high level responses', i.e. conscious effects that can be identified by self observation and that can be easily verbalized. As in face-to-face communication, however, we have to expect for virtual encounters also low level processes, i.e. transient and subtle perceptual and emotional responses that can hardly be described by the interlocutors. This paper addresses methodological issues inherent in measuring behavioral correlates of social presence focusing on aspects of visual attention and emotional involvement. Methods for the registration and analysis of eye movements, gaze direction and psychophysiological arousal will be introduced. Data from observation studies comparing video and computer-animated social stimuli as well as data from avatar-based communications via the internet will be presented pointing to distinct low level and high level responses to virtual characters.
Implications for the Measurement of Presence from Convergent Evidence
on the Structure of Presence
Jonathan Freeman
Department of Psychology (and i2 media research ltd.)
Goldsmiths College, University of London
As the study of presence ("a perceptual illusion of non-mediation yielding a sense of being there in a displayed scene or environment") matures, a consistent structure is emerging. From different starting points and using different methodologies converging evidence points to presence being composed of three key dimensions, relating to a "spatial" dimension, an "engagement" dimension, and a dimension relating to how consistent the media experience is with the real world, "naturalness". Taking account of its structure in developing subjective measures of presence will result in more reliable and valid measures. Moreover, the search for reliable objective indicators of presence has a greater chance of success if researchers make explicit the dimension of presence to which an objective indicator may relate. In this presentation, the
convergence in views of the structure of presence will be demonstrated, and links between the three dimensions outlined above and potential objective indicators will be suggested.
The Neuropsychology of Spatial Presence
Lutz Jäncke and Petra Jäncke
University of Zurich, Institute of Psychology, Division Neuropsychology, Zurich, Switzerland
Spatial presence is a concept explaining the experiences and perceptions which are associated with the perception and imagination of spatial stimuli. A fundamental problem in spatial presence research is the question of how to measure spatial presence. Mostly, questionnaires of various types are used to quantify the subjective spatial presence experience. Although there is no doubt that spatial presence experience is a covert experience it is nevertheless difficult to measure it on the basis of questionnaires. With the advent of modern brain imaging methods it is now possible to measure the cortical activation pattern during spatial presence experience. Applying these techniques we were able to demonstrate that spatial presence experience is based on the activation within a distributed cortical network. In this presentation we will demonstrate several of our own findings obtained with the above mentioned methods together with summarizing and elucidating models explaining the neuropsychological view of spatial presence.
Spatial Presence: From Theory to Measurement
Saskia Böcking1, Peter Vorderer2, Werner Wirth1, Tilo Hartmann3, Christoph Klimmt3, Holger Schramm1, Ana Sacau4, Jari Laarni5
1 University of Zurich, Institute of Mass Communication and Media Research (IPMZ)
2 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Annenberg School for Communication, USA
3 Hanover University of Music and Drama, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication Research (IJK)
4 University Fernando Pessoa (UFP), Porto
5 Helsinki School of Economics and Business Administration (HKKK), Helsinki
[Powerpoint (in Acrobat .pdf format]
One of the most important measures of presence is the questionnaire. Different instruments have been introduced; however, they are based on different and partly implicit theoretical assumptions. The MEC model of spatial presence has been proposed as a theoretical framework for the unification and simplification of the existing presence research. It has been used to develop a standardized questionnaire for the measurement of spatial presence. It covers the different concepts that are addressed by the model and therefore consists of various subscales, for example to measure involvement, suspension of disbelief, and the actual experience of presence. We will present findings from pretest studies that were conducted to develop the scales and point out connections between them and related user traits and states. Moreover, we will discuss advantages and disadvantages of questionnaires in general and possible problems arising out of this for the measurement of spatial presence and its related constructs.
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