Students at Lamar Community College have the option of focusing their academic pursuits within one of four degrees or several certificates. The requirements for these are described below. Specific information regarding the various academic programs available within the degree and certificate options can be found in the programs section.
Soil & Crop Science, A.S.
LCC students may have to choose online courses to complete these degrees.
The Associate of Arts (A.A.) degree is a 60-credit program for students who want to pursue a four-year degree in communications, social/behavioral sciences, or the arts and humanities. Students who wish to prepare for a particular four-year major should coordinate their course selection with their intended transfer institution. For Associate of Arts degree plans, please consult the Degree and Certificate section.
The Associate of Science (A.S.) degree at Lamar Community College provides a foundation in mathematics and sciences. It is designed primarily for those students intending to continue at a four-year college or university. Students who enroll in an A.S. degree program must complete a minimum of 60 credit hours.
A student may choose to pursue a plan of study while obtaining an Associate of Science degree. Access degree plans for general and specific requirements (www.lamarcc.edu or contact an advisor). Students who are planning on transferring to a four-year institution may refer to the receiving institution's catalog or web site for information regarding transferability of LCC coursework. The LCC Transfer Coordinator can also be of assistance.
The LCC plan of study in Sports & Fitness Management provides students the hands-on skills needed for care and prevention of athletic injuries. There is rigorous coursework in the anatomy and physiology of sports injuries. This Associate of Science degree is designed to prepare a student to transfer to a bachelor's degree in Athletic Training, Pre-physical Therapy, Sports and Conditioning or other sports-related areas. During the Capstone of the course students demonstrate their proficiency in the hands-on skills needed for care and prevention of athletic injuries. Our course of study in Sports and Fitness Management also provides students the learning outcomes necessary to take the National Council on Strength and Fitness certified personal trainer exam (NCSF-CPT). Successful completion of this exam results in certification as a Certified Personal Trainer.
The Associate of General Studies degree at Lamar Community College is designed primarily for those students who wish to pursue a broad program of career and transfer coursework without the constraints of subject specialization. There are also emphasis areas within the A.G.S. degree which enable students to pursue a particular academic interest in greater depth. While the A.G.S. degree is not designed specifically to enable transfer to a four-year institution, it can be used for that purpose. Transferability depends upon the courses taken and the requirements of the receiving institution. A student who enrolls in an A.G.S. degree program at Lamar Community College must complete a total of 60 credit hours consisting of at least 18 credit hours in general education courses, 39 credit hours of elective coursework, and 3 credit hours of LCC requirements. For Associate of General Studies degree plans, please consult the Degree and Certificate section.
Courses listed in the following emphasis areas relate to an area of academic interest and are offered as recommendations to those students wishing to pursue a particular academic interest in greater depth. Students who are planning to transfer to a four-year institution may refer to that institution's catalog for information regarding transferability of LCC coursework. The LCC Transfer Coordinator can also be of assistance.
The Associate of Applied Science degree at Lamar Community College prepares students for entry-level employment in a given occupation. It is designed primarily for those students intending to seek employment opportunities upon completion. However, four-year institutions accept some A.A.S. coursework toward specific baccalaureate programs. If a student plans to transfer to a four-year institution, he/she should refer to the receiving institution's catalog for information regarding transferability of LCC coursework. The LCC Transfer Coordinator can also be of assistance. For Associate of Applied Science degree plans, consult the Degree and Certificate section.
Available to students who have successfully completed technical coursework for a state-approved Career & Technical Education certificate in one of the four area vocational technical schools (AVTS). Colorado's AVTS are: Delta-Montrose Area Vocational Technical Center, Emily Griffith Opportunity School, San Juan Basin Area Vocational School, and T.H. Pickens Technical Center. Students complete at least 15 credits of selected general education courses at LCC to earn an A.A.S. degree.
The college strongly recommends that students complete a transcript review with an LCC advisor prior to selecting this option.
While the Desktop Publishing/Business Graphics and Business Certificates offer curricula which integrate business and information technology, the flexible AAS in Business allows students to expand both their knowledge and career opportunities. By the end of the program students are prepared for line supervisory roles in office settings and can effectively communicate through data entry, PowerPoint presentations, word processing, and desktop publishing. Students will also demonstrate posting/billing skills.
This comprehensive two year degree program prepares students to pursue a variety of professional career opportunities in the construction trades industry. The curriculum stresses a balance of classroom, technical and hands-on learning within the context of the industry's current practices. By the end of the program students can communicate a sound theoretical understanding of construction practices and demonstrate proficiency in the trades' skills including (exterior framing, windows & doors, finish work, drywall, document professional, etc.) and/or with general contractor. Students also demonstrate professionalism in the workplace, a sound understanding of ethical business practices, and communication with clients.
The AAS in Cosmetology is designed both to equip students with the knowledge and skills necessary to complete the exam for licensure as a cosmetologist and to earn general education credits for a more well-rounded course of study. The program's learning outcomes focus on sanitation practices, haircutting and styling, chemical uses in the salon, and skin and nail care. Students demonstrate professionalism in the workplace, a sound understanding of ethical business practices, and communication with clients.
Apply the theory of Cosmetology to clients.
Analyze the hair, scalp, and facial shape.
Perform various cutting edge and on trend haircuts for men and women.
Demonstrate proper permanent waving procedures.
Perform various types of coloring techniques.
Perform facials, makeup, and facial hair removal.
Perform proper manicuring, pedicuring and artificial nail procedures.
Effectively schedule appointments with clients.
Apply various business skills in your new career.
LCC offers three Associate of Applied Science degrees and three certificate options that prepare students for employment in a variety of areas in the equine industry. While these programs are not intended for transfer, some institutions may accept some or all of the coursework toward a bachelor's degree. Consult with an academic advisor or LCC's Transfer Coordinator for more information concerning transfer opportunities. By the end of each semester, students gain proficiency in some aspect of the horse industry. This program is focused on specialized training, and student learning is judged at the end of each semester at the horse show where students demonstrate their proficiency at training their horse to complete various patterns in the arena. Students also gain professionalism through the program's work-ethic and communication through the program's emphasis on working with horse owners. Those who choose to complete the Associates Degree are also measured by their performance on a capstone internship.
A student may pursue either Horse Training & Management , Barrel Horse Training , or an Equine Business Management program of study. Classroom and practical laboratory experience is provided in both program options. If a student plans to transfer to a four-year institution, he or she may consider an A.G.S. Degree with an Equine Science emphasis (See AGS Agriculture - Transfer).
The curriculum of the HTM and EBM programs are arranged in a sequential series of courses designed to effectively combine theory with practical experience. Therefore, students may enter the program only during fall semester and are expected to progress through the sequence of courses in a two-year period.
In addition to general admission requirements for LCC, those seeking acceptance in HTM or EBM programs must complete personal and riding interviews on campus during the year prior to fall enrollment. Interview dates and additional information may be found online on the HTM pages.
First semester you will need one 2-year-old; second semester you will need two 2-year-olds. Third semester you will need one green broke horse.
We will provide colts for students if you do not have a horse that meets the requirements.Owner of the colt(s) will be charged for boarding costs.
Owner of the colt will be charged for boarding costs.
Horse and student must be able to lope circles. Student needs to be able to move the horse's shoulder, and have control over the horse.
The horse must have never been started on the barrel pattern.
No horse that is currently running barrels.
Must be Quarter Horse, Appaloosa, or Paint.
Student must provide their own horse for this program. The same horse will be used for three semesters.
Boarding cost for these horses are included in the student's tuition and fees.
Boarding costs of these horses are included in the student's tuition and fees.
Student must provide their own horse for all three semesters.
Only horses in these equine programs can be boarded to Lamar Community College Equine Facility. Horses are provided an indoor stall, shavings, water, and alfalfa hay. Vet and farrier services are at the expense of the owner of the horse.
The LCC Nursing Program is an Associate Degree program comprised of two levels. Level I is the first year of the Associate Degree Nursing Program. Students have the option to sit for the PN licensure exam (NCLEX-PN) upon the successful completion of Level I. Level II is the second year of the program. Students who have completed Level I may go directly on to Level II. Level II is also open to L.P.N.'s seeking an Associate Degree in Nursing and transfer students. Level II completers are awarded an A.A.S. Degree in Nursing and qualify to sit for the R.N. licensure exam (NCLEX-RN).
For Nursing degree plan, please consult the Degree and Certificate section of this catalog. NOTE: Students must be 16 years of age or older to qualify to take the licensure examination.
The Renewable Energy Technologies Associate of Applied Science degree is a program designed for students interested in the manufacturing, repair, installation and maintenance of photovoltaic systems, wind turbines, solar thermal systems and biofuel equipment. By the end of the program students will be able to describe design requirements and installation guidelines, identify materials and resources, and provide information on green buildings, safety issues, maintenance and trouble shooting. Students will be able to install solar and other kinds of energy equipment and demonstrate basic welding skills. This program will include training in energy auditing for commercial and residential applications. Students also demonstrate professionalism in the workplace, a sound understanding of ethical business practices, and communication with clients.
Identify symbols and dimensions (lines) for ANSI/ASME/ISO standards as it relates to Computer Aided Drafting.
Ability to describe various layouts, materials calculations and cost estimates for rafters (roofs and trusses).
Understand the fundamentals of AC and DC circuits.
Identify key elements in electrical systems from generation to end consumer consumption.
Demonstrate knowledge of principles of active and passive solar systems, generating systems, bio-mass, wind, geothermal, electrical power generation and energy storage.
Understand the movement of energy, energy audits tools and conservation techniques to include creating a sales proposal of suggestions to the consumer.
Synthesize a complete (indentify system components) of an on-paper photovoltaic system based on knowledge of regulatory principles.
Provide a working knowledge of sizing, installation and maintenance of solar domestic hot water systems.
Understand and the ability to apply OSHA Regulation, 29 CFR 1926.
Understand plumbing systems, materials, joints, fitting, values and tools.
Operate shielded metal arc welding equipment in order to perform basic designs in a safe manner and to understand basic application of metal arc welding applications.
The ability to define and explain wind energy specific terms, identify the different classifications of wind turbines, understand the mechanics of converting a moving fluid (wind) into more useful electrical energy and estimate the potential wind energy available at a specific site.
This degree program is designed to train students in basic, intermediate and advanced welding applications. Students who complete this degree will be qualified for a variety of career opportunities in the welding industry. Students who complete this program will be able to describe and demonstrate proper safety procedures, proper use of welding equipment, and safe work habits. They will be able to perform Gas Metal Arc Welding/Flux Core Arc Welding, Gas Tungsten Arc Welding, and Shielded Metal Arc Welding in flat, horizontal, vertical and overhead positions. Students also demonstrate professionalism in the workplace and communication with clients.
Describe proper safety procedures in welding environments.
Demonstrate the proper use and applications of welding equipment.
Demonstrate the appropriate and correct application of blueprints in welding.
Perform Gas Metal Arc Welding/Flux Core Arc Welding (GMAW/FCAW), Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), and Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) welding procedures from flat, horizontal, vertical and overhead positions.
Apply the skills necessary to secure employment and be successful in the welding workplace.
In addition to the four types of degrees available through Lamar Community College, students may earn a Certificate of Study by successfully completing specific sequences of coursework. Certificate programs are designed to prepare students for entry level jobs in occupational and professional areas. They also provide the opportunity to upgrade skills or acquire additional skills in occupational fields. Students enrolling in certificate programs are subject to the same basic skills requirements as those enrolling in degree programs.
This one year program teaches the student basic accounting and payroll skills and offers more accounting theory than the bookkeeping certificate program. It augments a student's basic writing skills as well. With electives, the student may pursue additional knowledge in income tax, business law, business report writing, and/or accounting software packages. The certificate prepares the student to be a full charge bookkeeper in an accounting department and equips the student with the skills needed to advance beyond that level. The program gives the student the necessary academic background to complete an associate or bachelor's degree in accounting, if one so desires.
This one-year certificate within the Horse Training and Management program builds upon skills and knowledge acquired in the Starting Colts certificate program. It combines hands-on experience with a one-semester internship with a professional trainer. For the Advanced Horsemanship Certificate plan, consult the Degree and Certificate section.
Admission to this certificate program requires successful completion of the Starting Colts certificate program, or permission of the program instructors.
This one-year certificate allows students to focus solely on agriculture studies. It introduces students to the basics of animal science, agronomy and ag business. For the Agriculture Certificate plan, consult the Degree and Certificate section.
The Barber certificate is designed to provide students with the knowledge and skills necessary to complete the exam for licensure as a barber, including working with the scalp and hair of the head, performing face shaving and beard trimming and basic barber facials. Instruction is provided through classroom, clinical, and applied learning activities. It offers the newest techniques and hands-on experience needed, as well as the business skills and management preparation to launch a successful career in the barbering industry. The course of study has been approved by the Colorado State Office of Barbers and Cosmetology.
This certificate prepares graduates to pursue a variety of career opportunities in construction, sustainable building, and historic preservation industries. The curriculum stresses a balance of classroom, lab, and experiential learning.
Today's business support personnel perform functions in coordination of various activities in an organization. Upon successful completion of the Business Certificate program, students possess basic skills and knowledge necessary for an entry-level position in a business organization. For the Business certificate plan, consult the Degree and Certificate section.
This Certificate provides entry-level as well as upgrading skills courses in for a solid foundation of exterior building renovation and new construction. This certificate includes hand-on learning in framing, sizing and installation of windows and exterior doors, and the various materials and techniques used for exterior finishes and trim.
This certificate provides entry-level as well as upgrading skills courses for a solid foundation of interior building remodeling and new construction methods. This certificate includes hands-on learning of renovation of existing spaces to include design elements and estimations of costs, drywall installation, interior door installation, and the selection and application of interior trim choices.
This certificate provides entry level as well as upgrading skills courses for a solid foundation of the industry's current practices to include the practitioner's licensing requirements, types and content of construction documents, liability and management-labor functions, design techniques, roles and responsibilities of professionals in the industry. The individual enrolling in this certificate will have an option of taking a course in shielded metal arc (welding) or solar as it relates to installation at renovation or new building construction.
This certificate prepares a student for an entry level position as a computer technician. It focuses on computer repair, installation and maintenance of operating systems, and basic security principles. Electives allow the student to learn more about networking for the small and home office, advanced security, computer forensics and/or data recovery.
The Cosmetology Department offers four certificate programs designed to provide the successful graduate with the skills and knowledge needed to acquire licensure in these fields. The course of study in each field has been approved by the Colorado State Office of Barbers and Cosmetology. The Cosmetology certificate is designed to provide students with knowledge and skills necessary to complete the exam for licensure as a cosmetologist. Instruction is provided through classroom, clinical, and applied learning activities delivered in three phases: introduction, intermediate, and advanced. Students may enter the program in the fall, spring, or summer semester.
This certificate program prepares students for jobs requiring knowledge of and skill in word processing, image manipulation, font selection and use, and other small-scale publishing tasks. For the Desktop Publishing/Business Graphics Certificate plan, please consult the Degree and Certificate section.
Successful completion of the Emergency Medical Technician - Basic certificate allows a student to sit for the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians Basic Exam. The curriculum includes basic trauma and medical assessment as well as treatment of the sick and injured. Note: Students must be 18 years of age or older to qualify to take the licensure exam for EMT-Basic.
This certificate program builds on the Emergency Medical Technician - Basic Certificate and is designed to prepare the student for eligibility for the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians -Intermediate Exam. NOTE: Students must be 18 years of age in order to qualify to take the licensure exam for EMT Intermediate.
This one-year certificate within the HTM program is designed to provide students with fundamental knowledge and skills to prepare them for introduction to the Horse Training industry. Students will complete the 100 level courses found in the Horse Training AAS degree but earn a certificate of study.
The Hair Stylist Certificate is designed to provide students with the knowledge and skills necessary to complete the exam for licensure as a hair stylist. Instruction is provided through classroom, clinical, and applied learning activities delivered in three phases: introduction, intermediate, and advanced. Courses are offered in the fall semester only. For the Hair Stylist Certificate plan, please consult the Degree and Certificate section.
The Nail Technician Certificate is designed to provide students with the knowledge and skills necessary to complete the exam for licensure as a nail technician. Instruction is provided through classroom, clinical, and applied learning activities delivered in three phases: introduction, intermediate, and advanced. Courses are offered in the summer semester only.
This program prepares students for employment as nurse aides in hospitals, skilled care and other health care facilities. Students will learn to become direct caregivers as a part of a team. Entering students must pass a background check through LCC prior to enrollment. Additionally they must complete CPR (Basic Life Support for Health care Providers) and provide documentation of immunization (2 MMR's, at least 2 Hepatitis B, Chickenpox, and current TB test) as a requirement for clinical courses. Upon successful completion of the program, students will be eligible to take the Colorado National Nurse Aide Assessment Program (NNAAP) for certification through the Board of Nursing. Approximately an eight week course of study. For more information see https://lamarcc.edu/academics/occupational-programs/nursing/ NOTE: Students must be 16 years of age or older to qualify to take the licensure examination.
As an option to the two year ladder R.N. program, students may choose to obtain a Practical Nurse Certificate after successfully completing Level I. This certificate will allow the student to sit for the PN Licensure Exam (NCLEX-PN). For information see https://lamarcc.edu/academics/occupational-programs/nursing/ NOTE: Students must be 16 years of age or older to qualify to take the licensure examination.
This one-year certificate within the HTM program is designed to provide students, through hands-on experience, with the skills and knowledge needed to break colts for riding.
This program is designed to prepare individuals, under the supervision of veterinarians, and animal science professionals, to learn techniques of patient management and clinical procedures.
The Basic Welding Certificate provides entry-level skills courses in welding technology. Students who complete the basic welding certificate will be qualified for entry level positions in the welding industry.
This certificate provides entry level and advancing skills courses in welding technology. Students who complete this certificate following completion of the basic welding certificate will be prepared for more complex applications in the welding industry.
This certificate provides training in intermediate and advanced skills courses in welding technology. Students who complete this certificate in addition to the basic and intermediate welding certificates will be qualified for a variety of careers in the welding industry to include pipeline welding in the oil and gas industry.


1. At a mill, grains of wheat are ground into  our.
2. Bread is a common food in most parts of the world. Jesus wanted his Body to be available to everyone.
3. Jesus compares himself to a grain of wheat to explain the di erence his Death will make for his followers. A wheat seed that is planted will grow into many seeds. Jesus' Death grows into the saving power of the Resurrection.
4. Jesus' Death is like planting a seed because a seed must die to bring new life. Jesus died and rose again to bring us the chance of life in Heaven after our deaths.
5. Eucharist is the sacrament when we receive Jesus' Body and Blood to nourish us and help us become more like Jesus.
1. The people shouted Hosanna!
2. Passover is the Jewish feast that remembers how God rescued the Israelites from slavery in Egypt.
3. Jesus started the Sacrament of the Eucharist at the Last Supper. Another acceptable response if the Sacrament of Holy Orders.
4. Holy Week. Any combination of three of the following is acceptable: Jesus is greeted as he arrives in Jerusalem, Jesus shares the Last Supper with his Apostles, Jesus is cruci ed (and/or any events of his Passion), Jesus rises from the dead.
5. Adore means to worship or honor. We adore the cross on Good Friday.
5. We celebrate Jesus' Resurrection.
1. Buddy was brave when he kept Jason away from a snake in the woods.
2. Jesus' friends recognized him when he broke bread.
3. Any combination of three of the following is acceptable: in the people gathered, in the Word of God from the Bible readings, in the Body and Blood of Jesus/the Eucharist, in the person of the priest.
4. Jesus tells his friends to go out and tell his Good News to all people. 5. Creed means "I believe." It is a short statement of our beliefs.


Through this passage, you can get a general understanding about low back pain. If you suffering from a herniated disc or the spinal stenosis, please pay attention to the topics about herniated disc and lumbar spinal stenosis.
What is the low back pain?
The lower back is the very position that connects the upper body with the lower body. Hence, it undertakes most of your body's weight. If carelessness, it may bring about low back pain which may hurt the back anywhere down the ribs and above you legs. Since the lower back play so important role in the body, it is more likely to be injured due to poor postures.
Lower back pain is a common symptom that may occur on everyone. Fortunately, there is no need for you to afraid of it because it may disappear by its own a few weeks later. However, you'd better to visit the doctor if your symptom lasted several weeks or seriously enough.
What brings about back pain?
Generally speaking, low back pain is caused by the overuse of you lower back, or strain and injury of your back bone. When you are playing sports, working in the garden, being tossed in a traffic accident, or lifting heavily furniture, it is probably for your back to be injured.
Age is also an important factor in back pain. As people grows older, your bones and muscles get loose, which may increase your chances of injury. The spongy disc could not provide enough cushions between the bones when it is being squeezed. The back pain can be caused when a disc bulges which lead to the pressure on nerves.
In some cases, if you are suffering from, compression fractures which cause by bone loss, sickness, or some spine problems, low back pain is more likely to occur on you.
Generally, it is really difficult for the doctors to know clearly the reasons for your back pain. However, it is sure that if you are under great pressure, your low back pain may affect you for a long time. So please keep yourself in a good mood.
What are the symptoms caused by low back pain?
The symptoms of low back pain are numerous and various. According to its causations, it would have some common symptoms. Such as be dull, feel you are at a single point or over a broad area, dizziness, etc. Sometimes, it may be accompanied with muscle stiffness.
Generally, low back pain is more likely to bring about pain, numbness or weakness in legs , and if seriously, the pain can spread below knee. In most cases, the symptoms in legs may occur on its own, if unlucky, it may accompany with low back pain.
At the end of the spinal, there exist many important nerves. If these nerves are compressed due to the pressure from the lower spinal, an infrequent while severe symptom, which is known as causa equina may occur. In some emergency cases when weakness or numbness occur on your both legs, or you loss the control of bladder or bowel, you must go to see doctor without hesitation.
1.Acutely if the incubation period is less than three months. Generally, this kind of back pain will disappear after four to six weeks later with your home treatment.
2.Recurrently if the back pain occur again. However, it is a common phenomenon when the pain back again, and the majority of people may encounter this.
3.Chronically if the pain lasts more than three months and interrupt you life seriously.
This entry was posted in Lower Back Pain and tagged Back Pain Causes, Low Back Pain Causes, lower back pain causes on September 15, 2010 by admin.


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Footnotes in Texas History
A Journey Through Texas, 1853
Frederick Law Olmstead's highly enjoyable romp through Texas in the early settlement days before the Civil War
By Elaine Robbins December 2010
Image: Corbis
In 1853, five years before Frederick Law Olmsted became famous as the landscape architect who designed New York City's Central Park, he created another reason to be remembered.
Traveling through Texas on assignment for The New York Daily Times, the Connecticut Yankee set off with his brother John, a mare named Fanny, "a gay little roan creole pony," and a pleasant pack mule named Mr. Brown. For six months, they rode down rough dirt roads, camped or slept in log cabins or guest inns, and talked to the people they met along the way. The resulting travel narrative, which Frederick wrote as a series of articles and John edited into the book A Journey through Texas, is a highly enjoyable romp through Texas in the early settlement days before the Civil War.
In his few short months in Texas, Olmsted left us with a timeless legacy: a snapshot of a people and a place before the Civil War changed everything. Anglos were pouring in to pursue the promise of cheap land. The mostly Southern immigrants brought their culture with them, and slavery was soaring. A large segment of the population—including Olmsted—packed Colt Navy revolvers.
Olmsted began his journey in East Texas, where he spent the night in settlers' drafty cabins and complained about the lack of basic provisions and the unvarying diet of pork and corncakes. Traveling along the Old San Antonio Road, he met wagon trains of immigrants arriving from the Southern states to make a new start in Texas:
"Before you come upon them you hear ringing through the woods the fierce cries and blows with which they urge on their jagged cattle. Then the stragglers appear, lean dogs or fainting negroes, ragged and spiritless. An old granny hauling on by the hand a weak boy—too old to ride and too young to keep up. An old man, heavily loaded with rifle. Then the white covers of the wagons jerking up and down as they mount over a root or plunge into a rut, disappearing one after another where the road descends."
Visiting the German settlements in the Hill Country, he was impressed by the social organizations and schools he found there. Olmsted was fervently against slavery, and he cites the Germans' productive farms and civilized society as proof that voluntary labor was both morally and economically superior to slavery. "That such a community—generally industrious, active-minded, and progressively intelligent—can never exist in intimate connection with enslaved labor, I am well-convinced," he wrote in a newspaper article.
The book, meanwhile, is enlivened by Olmsted's conversations with ordinary people—cotton farmers and innkeepers, runaway slaves and new immigrants, Anglos and Mexicans—which he transcribed with dialect intact. He met a runaway slave working as a mechanic in Mexico, who told Olmsted that in the past three months, he'd counted 40 slaves escaping Texas into Mexico. Near Gonzales, he passed Tejano cart drivers, and outside San Antonio he visited an encampment of resettled Lipan. Upon meeting the Lipan chief Castro, Olmsted broke a tense silence by telling the chief about the Indians he'd seen in San Fernando, Mexico.
"What kind?" asked the chief.
"Lipans, Mescaleros, Kickapoos, Comanches, Tonkaways, Seminoles.—All drunk.—All fools."
Olmsted continues, writing, "This seems to excite a great hilarity in the chief. He wished me to say it again and again, repeating, 'so they were all drunk, were they,' and making his friends enjoy it with a sort of sparkling chuckle."
Infused with Mark Twain-like humor, the book is filled with Olmsted's excellent descriptions of the natural landscape. Of the wildflowers on the coastal prairies, he writes, "The beauty of the spring-prairies has never been and never will be expressed. It is inexpressible." He remarks on a gorgeous night sky in which "the sky seems nearer in Texas."
And his description of San Antonio's San Pedro Springs will ring familiar to anyone who has been dazzled by a Texas spring: "The whole river gushes up in one sparkling burst from the earth. It has all the beautiful accompaniments of a smaller spring, moss, pebbles, seclusion, sparkling sunbeams, and dense overhanging luxuriant foliage. The effect is overpowering. It is beyond your possible conceptions of a spring. You cannot believe your eyes, and almost shrink from sudden metamorphosis by invaded nymphdom."
Elaine Robbins is a frequent contributor to Texas Co-op Power.
This article appeared in the December 2010 issue

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
EBRPSS to hold Pathways to Bright Futures Informational Sessions
The East Baton Rouge Parish School System has set the dates and locations for public informational sessions on the district's Pathways to Bright Futures program. A least one session will be held in each of the district's five regions to allow the community an opportunity for input and receive information on the program. Dates and locations for the sessions are:
Tuesday, Feb. 8, at 6 p.m. — Northeast High School, 13700 Pride-Port Hudson Road, Pride
Tuesday, Feb. 15, at 6 p.m. —Broadmoor High School, 10100 Goodwood Blvd.
Tuesday, Feb. 22, at 6 p.m. — Istrouma High School, 3730 Winbourne Ave.
Wednesday, Feb. 23, at 6 p.m. — McKinley High School, 800 E. McKinley St.
Wednesday, March 9, a 6 p.m. — Scotlandville High School, 9870 Scotland Ave.
Thursday, March 10, at 6 p.m. — Woodlawn High School, 15755 Jefferson Highway
Monday, March 14, at 6 p.m. — Baton Rouge High School, 2825 Government St.
The Pathways to Bright Futures program is an opportunity for students to graduate from high school with both an associate degree or an industry-based credential, along with their high school diploma. The five pathways are technology; construction and manufacturing; medical and premed; transportation and logistics and liberal arts and management.


The quarterly anthology seeks to raise funds by offering advance sales and original artwork through Kickstarter. The funds will enable Spark: A Creative Anthology to pay all contributors a fair professional rate for their work.
I am committed to the idea that every contributor should be paid for their writing—whether they are experienced professionals or first-time submitters.
Spark: A Creative Anthology, a quarterly publication of fiction, nonfiction, and poetry from emerging and established writers, announces the launch of their Kickstarter campaign to raise funds in preparation for the release of the anthology's inaugural volume.
The anthology aims to influence the lives of up-and-coming writers by helping them gain experience in the publication process while providing professional feedback on their efforts. Available in both print and electronic formats, Spark makes a specific effort to emphasize the lasting value of the featured content.
Spark's Kickstarter campaign invites global participation in the ongoing project, and includes exclusive rewards for its backers, from advance-order eBook copies of the anthology for US$4 contributions to signed and numbered copies of cover art for higher contribution levels. There are even rewards targeted at writers, such as personal critiques from one of three editors and gift subscriptions to Duotrope. Interested donors are encouraged to visit http://SparkAnthology.org/support for more information.
Brian Lewis is confident in the projected success of Spark, and excited by the interest the anthology has already received from writers and patrons of the literary arts. In less than ninety days, the editors at Spark have already received 350 submissions varying in skill levels and genres. "While Spark actively encourages submissions from new writers, regardless of age, we are looking for quality writing and artwork across all genres—from professionals and amateurs alike," said Lewis.
Spark has confirmed contributions from Todd Walton, author of Inside Moves, and John Stocks, a Mariner-award-winning poet from the UK. Traci Gourdine, the well-known poet from Davis, CA, currently chairs the Creative Writing Department at the California State Summer School for the Arts and will write the introduction to the inaugural volume. Margaret Dilloway, an alumna of CSSSA and author of How To Be an American Housewife and The Care and Handling of Roses With Thorns, is currently completing a solicited short story for inclusion in the anthology.
Brian Lewis is an active member of the Editorial Freelancers Association, an alumnus of the California State Summer School for the Arts in Creative Writing, and a Senior Software Engineer working on a Master of Science degree in Information Security and Assurance.
Spark: A Creative Anthology is administered and published by the Empire & Great Jones Creative Arts Foundation, a registered non-profit corporation with pending 501(c)(3) tax-exempt status. Additional details are online at http://SparkAnthology.org/about.
Spark's editor-in-chief is available for interviews, and results of a recent interview can be found at http://tinapollick.com/interview-with-editor-brian-lewis/.


These fun, small earrings are perfect for kids! These also work great for anyone at any age. (These are the smaller size). These are made on a nickel free earring with rubber back included.
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Legal Learning & Development Assistant.
This is a fantastic opportunity for a highly organised senior administration assistant to join a top tier law firm in Liverpool. You will ideally have previous Learning & Development experience. You will be working directly with the talent team, providing talent development to all partners, legal, and business services staff in the UK.
You will be required to have strong organisational skills and previous experience from a legal or professional services background. You must have the ability to devise training plans and case studies.
The firm is a leader within the market, and offers a competitive salary banding alongside an excellent benefits package.
For more information on this rare Learning & Development Assistant opportunity in Liverpool, please contact Gemma Taylor. .


Civil servants of the Government of Extremadura, located in Mérida, Spain, will have to work under challenging conditions when retrofitting public buildings with technological solutions based on renewable energy. They are participating as a showcase site in the EU-funded Project BRICKER, which focuses on the development of so-called passive—that is architecture-based—and active—that is facilities-based—measures to improve the energy efficiency in public buildings that are non-residential.
Carolina Grau, general director of industry and energy at the Agriculture, Rural Development, Environment and Energy Council of the Government of Extremadura, and Noemí Jiménez, industrial engineer and director of the department of research and development of CEMOSA, a company that specialises in the study of materials and building control, talk to youris.com about the two-fold challenges of the project. First, it combines technologies that have never before been used together. Second, it integrates these technologies into existing and occupied public buildings.
What are the expectations with this research project?
Carolina Grau (CG): With this project we are hoping to reduce the building's energy consumption by about 50%. We then plan use it as a showcase for the region to encourage the use of renewable energies, particularly solar and biomass, both of which we are very lucky to have in abundance.
What is the main approach proposed?
Noemí Jiménez (NJ): In the Spanish pilot, only active energy saving measures are going to be applied as the building is relatively new and its passive behaviour with respect to energy saving is good enough. The project consists of integrating Parabolic Trough Solar Collectors (PTC), a biomass boiler, a heat and electricity cogeneration unit based on so-called Organic Ranking Cycle (ORC), an adsorption chiller and a cooling tower.
The PTC and the biomass boiler will produce hot oil that will feed the ORC unit. The ORC unit will produce electricity as well as hot water. This water will be used for heating the building during winter. In summer, the hot water will go through the adsorption chiller to produce chilled water to cool the building. The hot and chilled water will go to the terminal units that will condition the different building spaces. This system is known as tri-generation because it produces hot and cold water for heating or cooling and electricity. The electricity can be used in the building for own uses and the surplus energy can also be sold in the energy market.
Does the fact that the buildings will be in use during the renovation make it more difficult?
NJ: Indeed, one of the challenges is the integration of its technologies in existing public buildings. It means that people working in the building should not to be disturbed and that the available space for all the facilities is constrained.
CG: We plan to carry out the building work at times when the site is being least used. And most of the elements that could cause a nuisance—due to noise for example—will be housed in a new building, an annex to the demonstration site building. That way, the building's staff will be affected as little as possible during both the installation phase and for the day-to-day operation.
Are there any other barriers and bottlenecks that you have to deal with?
NJ: There are three barriers. First, the space restrictions due to the fact that it is an existing building. Second, the control of the whole project components and their integration with the existing heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. Third, the compatibility of the project goal of profitability of the building performance in the energy market with the Spanish regulations. The latter have restricted support for micro-generation from renewable energies.
CG: From the perspective of the Government of Extremadura, we are convinced that the use of low energy measures carries no limitation and presents a number of economic and environmental benefits. One of the main challenges we face is getting the funding to put initiatives like this into practice. We know that the profitability of the initiative is guaranteed in a reasonable medium-term period, as they can be paid for either directly or following the energy services model.
Is this approach likely to be replicated in other public buildings owned by the Government of Extremadura?
CG: One of the initiatives included within the framework of the project is the drafting of a replication plan. It includes an evaluation of the potential for replication of other government buildings in Extremadura. We, the government of Extremadura, believe that implementing low cost energy measures brings about a series of both economic and environmental advantages. Therefore, we opt for the use of renewable energies. This means converting them into a genuine engine for economic growth for our region and laying down the basis for a sustainable economy.


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Home/Steel Soccer News/Coach – UK Elite Symposium 2015
Coach – UK Elite Symposium 2015
By Steel Soccer|2019-12-02T18:48:56+00:00December 14th, 2015|Steel Soccer News|0 Comments
On December 9th and 10th, UK Elite Soccer hosted their annual staff symposium under the New York City skyline in Weehawken, New Jersey.
Over 100 staff attended the event which featured numerous guest speakers and presentations aimed at educating and engaging UK Elite staff members in new developments, initiatives and strategies ahead of 2016.
The event featured the announcement that PUMA would become the official uniform provider for UK Elite Soccer going forward. PUMA are a benchmark for innovation in soccer and the partnership with UK Elite will only further both company's reputation as leaders in youth soccer across America.
The symposium also saw the announcement of UK Elite's new involvement with Disney and the Disney Soccer Academy. The partnership will see UK Elite Soccer lead the Disney Soccer Academy Camps at the prestigious ESPN Wide World of Sports facility at their headquarters in Orlando, Florida. Disney have long been synonymous with excellence in sport and this relationship between two industry leaders will only help both parties continue to grow and develop.
The event was structured to include three separate seminar rooms, running simultaneous sessions, allowing staff in attendance the chance to sit in areas of specific interest to them. Seminars catered for the needs of all UK Elite staff from The Business of Soccer and Social Media Keys & Initiatives to coach led sessions on Exploiting Formation Weaknesses and Game Day Coaching, ensuring every member of staff in attendance had sessions specific to the needs of themselves and their job roles.
As part of the launch of Global Fives, a brand new national five a side tournament hosted by UK Elite subsidiary Global Team Events. Staff in attendance had the privileged to play in a Global Fives style tournament on the Hoboken FC turf field, complete with spectacular New York City views. The tournament was played in an enjoyable and competitive nature and was certainly enjoyed by all.
UK Elite would like to thank everyone who; presented, participated, organized and helped make the 2015 symposium the most successful to date.


European public employment services work together through the European network of public employment services.
Within this framework, each SYNERJOB member represents its own institution in the work carried out within the ENPES network.
Members inform each other of their position on a particular matter and discuss it at joint meetings.
Fons Leroy, General Administrator of the VDAB, will chair ENPES until September 2020.
WAPES brings together public employment services from around the world (Africa, the Americas, Asia and the Pacific, Europe and the Middle East and Arab countries).
SYNERJOB has also invested heavily in defining WAPES long-term strategy which will guide the Association's activities for the coming months and years.


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Q: Review spam messages in Office 365 We've just migrated to Office 365, and there's a report on our dashboard that's saying that almost 90% of our incoming mail has been filtered as spam.  This seems potentially alarming, and I'd like to review some of the messages.  However, I see no messages in any user's junk mail folders, and none in quarantine.  None of the reporting (message trace, etc...) seems to have any way to filter to just spam messages.
I opened a ticket with Microsoft, and they just said yes, there's no report that will do this.  But I shouldn't worry about it, because probably all the users just already deleted the junk out of their junk folders.
I don't find this a particularly acceptable answer - anyone found any way to do this?

A: Alright - finally got an actually somewhat useful answer for this.  To have spam still go to users' junk folders but also be available for central review, do the following:

*

*Log in as an admin to your O365 portal

*Go to Admin > Exchange > Mail Flow > Rules

*Click the plus sign and select "Create a New Rule"

*For "Apply this rule if...", add a condition.  Select "The message properties > Include an SCL greater than or equal to", and give it the value of 5.  This is the Spam Confidence Level, and 5 is the default threshold they use to flag as spam.

*For "Do the following" select what action you would like to take with the spam messages (note that this is in addition to what's being done in your content filter - i.e. send to junk or quarantine or whatever).  I selected "Bcc the message to" and then an account I just use for email administration.

Again, this is in addition to the content filter, so I have that (under Protection > Content Filter) set to send them to the users' Junk folder.  Then the above steps also bcc that junk mail into an account where I can go review at leisure.  This still allows the users to monitor and manage their own junk mail, since they generally know better than me what's spam in some cases - i.e. if they've signed up for email lists, etc...  However, having it central allows me to scan for patterns so I can whitelist when necessary or just generally ensure that filtering seems to be doing what it should.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Degree Program in Law provides an academic experience rooted in scientific research and professional training that is both well-established and continuously updated.
• to promote legal knowledge at both the European and international level through international mobility initiatives.
The Magistrale Degree Program prepares students for all high-level positions in the legal field, including: lawyer, judge, notary; legal expert in banks, insurance firms, businesses, independent organizations, public administration, European and international institutions, and the Diplomatic career.
Because the degree program is mostly theoretical in nature, a series of agreements have been arranged with legal institutions, municipal and regional administration, public offices and several professional firms in order to ensure students have access to internships that allow them to develop practical skills as well.
Finally, it is noteworthy that the degree program also makes use of new technical tools such as the Didactic Centers network that allows students in various municipalities of the Island (Budoni, Elini, Ghilarza, La Maddalena etc.) to connect to academic headquarters via video conferencing for lectures as well as to gain access to international scientific literature databases, thus connecting with Western and Eastern Europe and North and South America.
- gain the necessary skills for updating their competencies.
In addition to preparing themselves for future practice in legal professions and magistrature, graduates can find employment in high-responsibility roles in various fields, including socio-economic, social and institutional contexts such as public administration, private businesses, unions, information technology law, comparative, international and European law, as well as in international organizations where, in addition to having mere sectorial, content-based knowledge, legal experts are called to apply their analytical, assessment and decisional skills.
To be admitted to the single-cycle master's degree in Law, applicants must possess a high school diploma. There is no numerical limitation for enrolments provided for by the law. At the beginning of the academic year all the students enrolled in the course are required to take a general knowledge test, consisting on a non-selective test in order to verify student preparation.


The EuroPCR is one of the most important conventions during the year for Eurocor. This year it took place from May 19th – 22nd at the CCIB Forum in Barcelona, Spain. The company showed a strong performance during all days. The new designed booth positioned Eurocor as a global player and showed path braking ideas.
Many visitors came to the booth and so Eurocor was able to strengthen former connections and built up new ones. Beside the important discussion and meetings Eurocor contributed as well to the scientific program of EuroPCR. During the session "Innovative coronary devices - Part II" the talk "Drug-eluting balloon DIOR, enhanced Version" by Rembert Pogge von Strandmann was presented. It was a very well attended lecture about the DEB DIOR, teaching about developments and outcomes of preclinical work. A 30-45 sec inflation time is recommended to ensure safe drug transfer.
Moreover Eurocor had two live cases in cooperation with Patrick Serruys from the Erasmus Hospital, Rotterdam. One focussed on DIOR and Covered Stent, the other one on DIOR ISR. In front of the cases there was a short video trailer mentioning Dior 2nd Generation by Eurocor and a close up product movie was shown.
The EuroPCR contributes to the promotion of education and information, on existing and developing techniques in interventional cardiology. The objective of this annual course is to inform practitioners of the latest technological developments and offer practical tips and tricks that help interventional cardiologists and cardiac surgeons make the right ethical choice for each individual patient. It is also the official annual meeting of the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI). More than 10.000 professionals attended the Course, held - for the third year - in Barcelona, Spain.


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Misguided performance measures not the funding solution unis need: Greens
Mehreen Faruqi 7 Aug 2019
Australian Greens Senator and Education Spokesperson, Dr Mehreen Faruqi, has commented on reported details of university performance-based funding measures. Senator Faruqi is a former academic with the University of New South Wales.
"The Government's plan to tie measly funding increases to misguided performance measures is just the latest episode in their storied history of undermining higher education in Australia. It is just another excuse to not fund higher education properly.
"The Government has completely ignored the university sector and experts' advice that their plan won't deliver the amount of funding needed while having unintended consequences that may include incentivising universities to enrol fewer students.
"In particular, the narrow-minded use of graduate employment as a measure of success for universities betrays the purpose of our public universities. We cannot allow their collegial, public-focussed mission to be displaced by the Liberal's vision of unis as just factories for the workforce. Universities should be much more than this. They are places of learning.
"Universities are desperate for a real funding increase. The Greens have a plan to fund free undergraduate university and TAFE, and boost university funding by 10 per cent to improve learning and teaching conditions, reduce class sizes and enable researchers to pursue solutions to the big problems of our time," she concluded.


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Alliance/Fotolia
Moms Who Experience Mental Illness Usually Aren't Getting Enough Support, New Survey Says
by Josie Rhodes Cook
Maternal mental health issues have only recently become a publicly-discussed topic thanks to awareness campaigns and moms' personal stories. One of the most important outcomes of moms publicly discussing their mental health struggles is that it shows others that they aren't alone, and that they aren't an anomaly or a terrible mother for feeling the way they do. In fact, more than one-third of mothers have experienced mental health issues related to parenthood, according to a new online survey by the BBC. These issues can include conditions like acute stress, severe anxiety, and postpartum depression. The survey involved 1,800 British parents, but mental health issues related to parenthood are a concern the world over.
By comparison, 17 percent of fathers in the same survey had experienced similar issues, according to the BBC. So parental mental health can impact both moms and dads, and it's something we should all be concerned with.
When it comes to getting support in dealing with these issues, 60 percent of women in the survey said they had received emotional support from their friends, and 56 percent from their partner. I'm not sure why they're not getting more support from their partners, and would personally be interested in a follow-up exploring that, because that figure seems too low to me. Interestingly enough, 18 percent of women went online for support instead. Hooray for mom blogs and forums, right? Thankfully, more than two-thirds of the survey's affected mothers sought professional help for the conditions they reported.
The numbers in this recent survey are a little higher than those previously reported. Worldwide, about 10 percent of pregnant women and 13 percent of women who've just given birth experience a mental disorder, depression being a primary issue, the World Health Organization reported. But those numbers might not include all of the maternal mental health issues that the survey out of Britain did.
And in developing countries, the numbers are worse: 15.6 percent of women experience a mental disorder during pregnancy, and 19.8 percent do after childbirth, according to WHO. The organization noted that in severe cases, a mothers' suffering can be so severe that they may even commit suicide.
One of the most severe "cases," or disorders, related to parenthood is postpartum depression. It is "a severe, long-lasting form of depression" after childbirth, according to the Mayo Clinic. And contrary to popular belief, postpartum depression can affect men as well as women, according to the BBC.
Knowing that, it's really scary to read that in this survey, 15 percent of moms asked said they didn't receive any emotional support while parenting. And not surprisingly, parents who don't receive any — or limited — support after they have a baby often have trouble coping with the stress of parenthood. And sometimes that manifests in really serious conditions like postpartum depression.
Mom Lauren Doyle told the BBC she experienced post-traumatic stress disorder after giving birth to her first daughter because it was physically traumatic. But initially, she thought what she was feeling was normal. Doyle told the BBC:
I didn't think I was unwell. I thought, 'All mums feel like that, this is just mum mode, I'm a mum now.'
She also said she couldn't breastfeed, and felt really judged by other people for her parenting. In fact, many of the parents surveyed said they felt criticized by a lot of other people, according to the BBC.
Mothers reported that their parents were the most critical of their parenting (26 percent), followed by their spouse or partner at 24 percent. Eighteen percent of moms reported that other family members were the most critical of their parenting, and about 14 percent of mothers said they had been criticized by total strangers, compared to 5 percent of the 800 fathers in the survey.
I think the moral of the story here is that countries and communities need to be more supportive of mothers and parents in general. Some of the respondents may have experienced mental health issues regardless of support, and maternal and parental health issues should be better studied regardless. But it probably doesn't help to have everyone from family members to random strangers criticizing parents' choices, and we could all work on being more supportive and kinder to new parents, who have a lot on their plates without also dealing with unnecessary judgment from others.
Check out Romper's new video series, Romper's Doula Diaries:
Watch full episodes of Romper's Doula Diaries on Facebook Watch.


Images Of Small Kitchen With Hardwood Floors On Pintreast is free HD wallpaper. This wallpaper was upload at April 22, 2019 upload by admin in .You can download it in your computer by clicking resolution image in Download by size:. Don't forget to rate and comment if you interest with this wallpaper.


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Memorandum of Conversation, 'Economic Policy/Cyprus; French Nuclear Programs; Energy'
Transcript of a conversation between President Ford, Henry Kissinger, and French President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing. The conversation opens with a discussion of economic policy and the embargo on northern Cyprus following the 1974 Turkish invasion. Giscard then asks about the slow progress of US technical assistance to the French nuclear program. Lastly they discuss energy and oil prices.
Memorandum from George S. Vest to Secretary of State, 'September 16-17 Nuclear Suppliers' Meeting'
The September 1975 meeting of the suppliers' group brought out a conflict over a decisive issue, whether supplying countries should require recipient countries to place all nuclear facilities under safeguards or require them only for the technology and supplies at issue in the contract ("project safeguards"). The Canadians strongly supported the former, "full scope safeguards" (their terminology, which caught on), which the French saw as "tantamount to imposing NPT obligations" --a reference to the Treaty's Article III--which they would not accept.
Memorandum of Conversation, 'Visit of Secretary of State and Mrs. Kissinger to Canada; Luncheon at 24 Sussex Drive'
This memo contains a transcription of the conversation that took place when Secretary Kissinger and his wife visited Canada and had lunch with Canadian Prime Minister Trudeau, along with many other officials.
Memorandum of Conversation between Mao Zedong and Henry A. Kissinger
U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger met Chairman Mao at his residence in Peking. The two argued about the importance of U.S.-Chinese relations in American politics. Mao repeats that the United States' concerns order America, the Soviet Union, Europe, Japan, and lastly China. Kissinger responds that the Soviet Union, as a superpower, is frequently dealt with, but in strategy China is a priority. Throughout the conversation, Mao continues to point out his old age and failing health. The leaders also discuss European unity, Japanese hegemony, German reunification, and the New York Times.
Telegram from Pyongyang to Bucharest, No. 059.298
Pope discusses DPRK representatives' attempt to establish contacts with Henry Kissinger via China as Heo Dam is scheduled to meet Henry Kissinger after the latter's visit to Beijing.
Cable, Henry Kissinger, 'Angola: SAG Requests USG Provide FNLA/UNITA with Military Equipment'
Response to a request made by the South African Defense Forces Chief of Staff to supply UNITA/FNLA. The US believes that UNITA/FNLA are receiving sufficient support to meet their defensive needs.
Memorandum of Conversation between Mao Zedong and Gerald R. Ford
President Ford and Secretary Kissinger met with Chairman Mao and spoke about Chinese-U.S. relations, Japanese-U.S. relations, Chinese foreign relations with Japan and Western countries, NATO, the Sinai Agreement, and Soviet attempts to expand influence in Africa.
Memorandum of Conversation with Chinese Delegation led by Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping
Chinese delegation visits the White House and discusses Angola. The Chinese emphasize that South Africa must exit the conflict if there is to be any chance of rallying other African states to oppose Neto.
Memorandum from George S. Springsteen, Executive Secretary, to National Security Adviser Brent Scowcroft, 'Nuclear Suppliers Guidelines'
This document comprises the instructions which the White House approved for the September 1975 suppliers' meeting. At the November meeting, the suppliers completed negotiations on guidelines. Basic provisions included agreement to seek assurances by recipients of supplies not to produce nuclear explosive devices, physical security for installations and materials, transfer of trigger list items only under IAEA safeguards, restraint in transfer of sensitive technologies, facilities and materials, and the encouragement of supplier involvement in, and multinational controls over, sensitive installations. Appended to the guidelines was a two page "trigger list" based on the Zangger Committee's list.
US Department of State Cable, ROK Reprocessing Plant
A heavily redacted report on the U.S.-Canadian consensus that South Korea should not be able to obtain a nuclear weapons capability.
George Vest to the Secretary, 'Nuclear Suppliers Status Report'
In this document regarding the final agreement, George Vest wrote Kissinger that it "served to close many of the loopholes and inadequacies of previous nuclear cooperation agreements between suppliers and recipients." It also put the French and West Germans on record to restrict access to sensitive nuclear technologies. Nevertheless, as Vest noted, the guidelines would not prevent "indigenous" development of nuclear capabilities and "unsafeguarded developments" or the acquisition of sensitive technology.
George Vest to the Secretary of State, 'London Nuclear Suppliers Meeting'
This document provides an overview of the London Nuclear Suppliers' Meeting which included the addition of the five newest countries to the original seven. Most old and new members were receptive when Washington lobbied them to support a "long term and stable regime of restraint" on the export of sensitive enrichment and reprocessing technology. While the French were supportive of the moratorium proposal, the Germans were uncomfortable with it, not least because of the implications for their deal with Brazil.
Conversation between Prime Minister of South Africa Balthazar Vorster and US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger
Meeting of a US delegation headed by Henry Kissinger with South African officials including Prime Minister Vorster on the topic of the situation in Rhodesia, Smith's rule there, the military situation in that country, and the potential involvement of Cuba or China in the conflict.
Telegram to the President from the Minister of Foreign Affairs, 'Report on the Meeting between the Foreign Minister of the ROK and the US Secretary of State and Foreign Ministers of the ROK and Japan'
A report on the conversation between Minister of Foreign Affairs Pak Tong-Jin and US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger. The relationship between South Korea, North Korea, and the United States are discussed and linked with specific issues such as the Axe Murder Incident and conversations between US and North Korea.
Discussion between SWAPO with Dr Henry Kissinger, US Secretary of State, in New York
Dr. Kissinger expresses his proposal for a conference on Namibia to be attended by SWAPO (South West Africa People's Organization), Turnhalle members, and South Africa. The Conference concerned the ongoing struggle for independence by Namibian guerrillas from South African rule. Kissinger pledged US support to SWAPO as the leading force in Namibia, but Namibian delegates responded that they would not attend the conference unless South Africa met all preconditions including the withdrawal of troops from Namibian territory.
Background Papers, Kissinger Proposals at Geneva Conference
An examination of the consequences of Kissinger's proposal at the Geneva Conference. An overview of South Africa's predicament when it comes to Rhodesia.
Report for South African Prime Minister Balthazar Vorster from ADR, Prime Minister's Return to Geneva
Description of the situation at the Geneva Conference, the lack of Kissinger's presence due to Ford's electoral defeat, and the South African realization that the chance for a peace settlement at Geneva is almost gone.
Telegram by the Ambassador to the United States Petrignani to Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 'Prospects of resuming the FNI negotiations'
Ambassador Petrignani reports his conversation with Vice Secretary of State Burt following Kissinger's interview in Time where he talks about NATO's crisis and need for burden sharing reform. Burt distances the current administration from Kissinger's views, stating instead that euro-american relations are "in good health", and there is no need for drastic measures.
Record of Conversation between M. S. Gorbachev and H. Kissinger
Gorbachev and Kissinger discuss opening up a secret line of communication between Soviet Union and the US, facilitated by Kissinger and Brent Scowcroft, and coordinating a visit between President Bush and Gorbachev in the near future.


I've requested a number of short story collections this year from Netgalley and publishers – it's been a little bit since I've read them. There are a fair number being published this year that looked very interesting. Elsewhere, Home is from Netgalley, but I grabbed The Pre-War House and Other Stories from the library. I've been attracted to Alison Moore's writing ever since reading The Lighthouse (Man Booker 2012 shortlisted). While I didn't enjoy her second novel, He Wants, as much, I couldn't help but think a short story collection from her would make for an enjoyable reading experience. I wasn't wrong there!
Overall, I really enjoyed this collection. While none could be said are written using linguistic gymnastics or great lyricism, they were told with a great deal of heart and nostalgia. Each were a good length, as in none were too short to feel they end abruptly but not too long either to lose its sense as a short story.
Many stories were about the struggle of straddling two cultures, leaving home or their African and Arab ways of life. Many of the stories were centred in Sudan, and moving to a new Western life (mainly in London and Scotland). They all had longing and a sense of loss of leaving and alienation felt while adapting to a different way of life. There did seem to be a lot of repetition in some of the stories, certain elements would appear almost exactly as they appeared in different stories. There was also many mentions of glasses, of a character needing glasses, or not being able to see clearly. A number of the stories were about marrying outside of their Muslim culture – either the man or the woman – so they centred around introducing their fiancees to family, to new traditions so it meant there were many explanations in each on the author's culture.
The first story, Summer Maze was about a mother and daughter and it was a very nice start to the collection. While the daughter has lived in the US all her life, each year they return to Cairo. The mother struggles with wanting her to shelter her from western ways but is accused by her family in Egypt that while she's left, it's like she hasn't moved on – she remains firmly in the old ways, even though this is not the current way of life in Egypt at all. It's a story where the mother and daughter are trying to connect and recognize the value of new and old and what it means to each other. This seem to ground much of the rest of the collection – their struggle.
My favourites: Summer Maze, The Ostrich, and Farida's Eyes with The Ostrich being my favourite out of the entire collection – it was one that I found to be the most compelling and I could have easily continued reading with the characters involved.
I was happy to have this collection start my return of sorts to the short story.
Right off the top, the first story, When the Door Closed, It Was Dark, was unsettling and it gave me many feelings similar to the ones I had when reading The Lighthouse. Huzzah!
This whole collection gives the reader an overall uneasy, unsettled, creepy kind of feeling – of danger and unease in the regular and every day.
Each story amps up the unease, unsettled and disturbed feelings. Stories such as Nurture and Seclusion for sure! Seclusion being my favourite of these three mentioned (When the Door Closed, It Was Dark, Nurture and Seclusion). Each story has quick, short sentences but they just burst in with their disturbing uneasiness. They put you on edge.
In Sleeping Under the Stars, there was just something about this sentence that I smiled at, enjoyed, I don't know something about it just compelled me to include it here: "Mr. Batten lived alone. He had rabbits, and a grown-up daughter who no longer visited." Then she goes on to write, "He was always there. And then, one day, he wasn't." and "I never saw Mr. Batten again." These sentences were interspersed with the narrator's talking about her trips to the store for her mother and the people she would find in the shop, and how she would spend her days. They were inserted in places where it gave me this unsettling shiver down my spine. Reading these stories made me feel kind of creeped out, and definitely unsettled.
Many of the stories have threads of infidelity, wandering husbands, fathers sleeping on the couch, in separate rooms, mainly men, but there are some stories where women are the unfaithful too. And there are quite a few stories where you just aren't sure what it was that you read? And of course that just matches all the unsettled feelings and reactions to all of Moore's stories in this collection.
The title story was the longest at 41 pages long. Definitely lengthier compared to a few of the stories which were only two pages or so long. "My father was born in the 1950s, long after the end of the war, but not before the end of rationing; even in peacetime, the meanness of the war lingered. He was raised by my grandmother in this pre-war house, and it was he, in my childhood, who re-glued the wallpaper when it peeled, who mended the clock when it failed." It continues on to tell of the lives of this father's daughter and his wife and what that pre-war house meant to them.
The Pre-War House is a big story collection with 24 stories inside. It definitely wasn't a collection I steamrolled through! But I really, really liked this collection!!
I have two other collections to read as well, sent either by the publishers or through Netgalley — Home Remedies by Xuan Juliana Wang and Meteorites by Julie Paul — from Touchwood Editions.


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The Seattle General Strike was a five-day general work stoppage by 65,000 workers in the city of Seattle, Washington from February 6 to 11, 1919. The goal was to support shipyard workers in several unions who were locked out  of their jobs when they tried to strike for higher wages. Most other local unions joined the walk-out, including members of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). The national offices of the AFL unions were opposed to the shutdown. Local, state and federal government officials, the press, and much of the public viewed the strike as a radical attempt to subvert American institutions.

The strike's demand for higher wages came within months of the end of World War I, the original justification for the wage controls. From 1915 to 1918, Seattle had seen a big increase in union membership, and some union leaders were inspired by the Russian Revolution of 1917. Some commentators blamed the strike on Bolsheviks and other radicals inspired by "un-American" ideologies, making it the first expression of the anti-left sentiment that characterized the Red Scare of 1919 and 1920.

Background
In these years, more workers in the city were organized in unions than ever before. There was a 400 percent increase in union membership from 1915 to 1918. At the time, workers in the United States, particularly in the Pacific Northwest, were becoming increasingly radicalized, with many in the rank and file supportive of the recent revolution in Russia and working toward a similar revolution in the United States. In the fall of 1919, for instance, Seattle longshoremen refused to load arms destined for the anti-Bolshevik White Army in Russia and attacked those who attempted to load them.

The arrival of the Russian steamship Shilka in Seattle on December 24, 1917 added to the thought of Bolshevik involvement. The ship had been damaged and thrown off course in a storm and limped its way into the port almost out of fuel, food and fresh water.  The U.S. Attorney in Seattle was tipped off by an "informant" that the ship was coming and it was going to "aid the enemy." The enemy at this time would have been the labor parties threatening a strike.  Many believed that its arrival signified a Bolshevik connection with the labor unrest in Seattle.  A lot of rumors came about because of this ship's arrival.  The Seattle Post-Intelligencer ran a front-page article about an I.W.W. ship being held that contained over a hundred thousand dollars to help I.W.W. members get out of jail.  This article proved to be false as the search of the vessel by local law enforcement turned up nothing of significance.  A first-hand account of a sailor aboard the ship claimed that there was no evidence found on board because the only contentious material was some flyers in a briefcase that were carried off of the ship upon its arrival.  Another passenger that arrived with the ship was arrested for taking part in labor talks with one of the unions in the area. Although there was never any concrete evidence connecting the Shilka to the labor parties of Seattle, there was enough to show that the labor parties at the least had the support of Bolshevik Russia.  There was a lot of fear of the Bolsheviks because it was known that they had been hoping for a revolution in the Western World in order to support Russia by pooling resources.  The ship spent about a month in port before it was allowed to leave and was not seen again in the Seattle area.

Most unions in Seattle were officially affiliated with the AFL, but the ideas of ordinary workers tended to be more radical than their leaders. A local labor leader from the time discussed the politics of Seattle's workers in June 1919:

I believe that 95 percent of us agree that the workers should control the industries. Nearly all of us agree on that but very strenuously disagree on the method. Some of us think we can get control through the Cooperative movement, some of us think through political action, and others think through industrial action.

Another journalist described the spread of propaganda relating to the Russian Revolution:

For some time these pamphlets were seen by hundreds on Seattle's streetcars and ferries, read by men of the shipyards on their way to work. Seattle's businessmen commented on the phenomenon sourly; it was plain to everyone that these workers were conscientiously and energetically studying how to organize their coming to power. Already, workers in Seattle talked about "workers' power" as a practical policy for the not far distant future.

Strike

A few weeks after the November 1918 armistice ended World War I, unions in Seattle's shipbuilding industry demanded a pay increase for unskilled workers. They formed the Seattle Metal Trades Council, made up of delegates from twenty-one different craft unions; there were seventeen at the time of the first strike vote. At the time of the General Strike, these separate unions no longer made separate agreements with the yard-owners; a single blanket-agreement was made at intervals by the Metal Trades Council for all the crafts comprising it. In August 1917, the workers had succeeded in establishing a uniform wage scale for one third of the metal tradesmen working in the city. At the time of the general strike, James Taylor was president of the Council.

In an attempt to divide the ranks of the union, the yard owners responded by offering a pay increase only to skilled workers. The union rejected that offer and Seattle's 35,000 shipyard workers went on strike on January 21, 1919.

Controversy erupted when Charles Piez, head of the Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFC), an enterprise created by the federal government as a wartime measure and the largest employer in the industry, sent a telegram to the yard owners threatening to withdraw their contracts if any increase in wages were granted. The message intended for the Metal Trades Association, the owners, was accidentally delivered to the Metal Trades Council, the union. The shipyard workers responded with anger directed at both their employers and the federal government which, through the EFC, seemed to be siding with corporate interests.

The workers immediately appealed to the Seattle Central Labor Council for a general strike of all workers in Seattle. Members of various unions were polled, with almost unanimous support in favor–even among traditionally conservative unions. As many as 110 locals officially supported the call for a general strike to begin on February 6, 1919, at 10:00 am. Among the strikers were war veterans who wore their uniforms as they went on strike.

Life during the strike

A cooperative body made up of rank and file workers from all the striking locals were formed during the strike, called the General Strike Committee. It acted as a "virtual counter-government for the city." The committee organized to provide essential services for the people of Seattle during the work stoppage. For instance, garbage that would create a health hazard was collected, laundry workers continued to handle hospital laundry, and firemen remained on duty. Exemptions to the stoppage of labor had to be passed by the Strike Committee, and authorized vehicles bore signs to that effect. In general, work was not halted if doing so would endanger lives.

In other cases, workers acted on their own initiative to create new institutions. Milk wagon drivers, after being denied the right by their employers to keep certain dairies open, established a distribution system of 35 neighborhood milk stations. A system of food distribution was also established, which throughout the strike committee distributed as many as 30,000 meals each day. Strikers paid twenty-five cents per meal, and the general public paid thirty-five cents.  Beef stew, spaghetti, bread, and coffee were offered on an all-you-can-eat basis. The systems developed during the strike resemble systems of organization already in use by the Japanese community of Seattle, a group which was largely left out of the strike leaders efforts.

Army veterans created an alternative to the police in order to maintain order. A group called the "Labor War Veteran's Guard" forbade the use of force and did not carry weapons, and used "persuasion only." Peacekeeping proved unnecessary. The regular police forces made no arrests in actions related to the strike, and general arrests dropped to less than half their normal number. Major General John F. Morrison, stationed in Seattle, claimed that he had never seen "a city so quiet and orderly." The methods of organization adopted by the striking workers bore resemblance to anarcho-syndicalism, perhaps reflecting the influence of the Industrial Workers of the World in the Pacific Northwest, though only a few striking locals were officially affiliated with the IWW.

Radical visions

Revolutionary pamphlets littered the streets of the city. One called "Russia Did It" proclaimed: "The Russians have shown you the way out. What are you going to do about it? You are doomed to wage slavery till you die unless you wake up, realize that you and the boss have nothing in common, that the employing class must be overthrown, and that you, the workers, must take over the control of your jobs, and through them, the control over your lives instead of offering yourself up to the masters as a sacrifice six days a week, so that they may coin profits out of your sweat and toil."

In an editorial in the Seattle Union Record, a union newspaper, pro-Soviet activist Anna Louise Strong, although not a union member tried to use the general strike's power and potential to have the workers seize the industries of Seattle:

Newspaper across the country reprinted excerpts from Strong's editorial.

End of the general strike

Three simultaneous movements brought the strike to an end: Mayor Ole Hanson increased the police and military forces available to enforce order, though there was no disorder, and possibly to take the place of striking workers. Union officials, especially those more senior and those at higher levels of the labor movement, feared that using the general strike as a tactic would fail and set back their organizing efforts. Union members, perhaps seeing the strength of the forces arrayed against them, perhaps mindful of their union leaders concerns began to go back to work. The General Strike Committee attributed the end of the strike to pressure from international union officers and the difficulty of continuing to live in the shut-down city.

Mayor Hanson had federal troops available and stationed 950 sailors and marines across the city by February 7. He added 600 men to the police force and hired 2,400 special deputies, students from the University of Washington for the most part. On February 7, Mayor Hanson threatened to use 1,500 police and 1,500 troops to replace striking workers the next day, but the strikers assumed this was an empty threat and were proved correct. The Mayor continued his rhetorical attack on February 9, saying that the "sympathetic strike was called in the exact manner as was the revolution in Petrograd." Mayor Hanson told reporters that "any man who attempts to take over the control of the municipal government functions will be shot."

The international offices of some of the unions and the national leadership of the AFL began to exert pressure on the General Strike Committee and individual unions to end the strike. Some locals gave in to this pressure and returned to work. The executive committee of the General Strike Committee, pressured by the AFL and international labor organizations, proposed ending the general strike at midnight on February 8, but their recommendation was voted down by the General Strike Committee. On February 8, some streetcar operators returned to work and restored some critical city transportation services. Seattle's main department store reopened as well. Then teamsters and newsboys returned to work. On February 10, the General Strike Committee voted to end the general strike on February 11 and by noon on that day it was over. It stated its reasons: "Pressure from international officers of unions, from executive committees of unions, from the 'leaders' in the labor movement, even from those very leaders who are still called 'Bolsheviki' by the undiscriminating press. And, added to all these, the pressure upon the workers themselves, not of the loss of their own jobs, but of living in a city so tightly closed."

The city had been effectively paralyzed for five days, but the general strike collapsed as labor reconsidered its effectiveness under pressure from senior labor leaders and their own obvious failure to match the Mayor's propaganda in the war for public opinion. The shipyard strike, in support of which the general strike had been called, persisted.

Aftermath

Immediately following the general strike's end, thirty-nine IWW members were arrested as "ringleaders of anarchy" despite their playing a marginal role in the development of events.

Seattle Mayor Ole Hanson took credit for ending the strike and was hailed by some of the press. He resigned a few months later and toured the country giving lectures on the dangers of "domestic Bolshevism." He earned $38,000 in seven months, five times his annual salary as mayor. He agreed that the general strike was a revolutionary event. In his view, the fact that it was peaceful proved its revolutionary nature and intent. He wrote:

The so-called sympathetic Seattle strike was an attempted revolution. That there was no violence does not alter the fact... The intent, openly and covertly announced, was for the overthrow of the industrial system; here first, then everywhere... True, there were no flashing guns, no bombs, no killings. Revolution, I repeat, doesn't need violence. The general strike, as practised in Seattle, is of itself the weapon of revolution, all the more dangerous because quiet. To succeed, it must suspend everything; stop the entire life stream of a community... That is to say, it puts the government out of operation. And that is all there is to revolt–no matter how achieved.

Between the strike's announcement and beginning, on February 4, the U.S. Senate voted to expand the work of its Overman Judiciary Subcommittee from investigating German spies to Bolshevik propaganda. The Committee launched a month of hearings on February 11, the day the strike collapsed. Its sensational report detailed Bolshevik atrocities and the threat of domestic agitators bent on revolution and the abolition of private property. The labor radicalism represented by the Seattle General Strike fit neatly into its conception of the threat American institutions faced.

See also

 Everett Massacre
 Cleveland May Day riots of 1919
 Anna Louise Strong

Notes

References
 Brecher, Jeremy. Strike! Revised edition. South End Press, 1997.
 Foner, Philip S., History of the Labor Movement in the United States, v.8 Postwar Struggles, 1918–1920 (NY: International Publishers, 1988),
 Hagedorn, Ann, Savage Peace: Hope and Fear in America, 1919 (NY: Simon & Schuster, 2007),
 History Committee of the General Strike Committee. Seattle General Strike (Left Bank Books, 2012)
 Murray, Robert K., Red Scare: A Study in National Hysteria, 1919–1920 (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press), 1955)
 Zinn, Howard. "Self Help in Hard Times." A People's History of the United States. Rev. and updated ed. (NY: HarperCollins, 1995)
 Frank, Dana., Race Relations and the Seattle Labor Movement, 1915-1919 The Pacific Northwest Quarterly 86, no.1 (1994)

Further reading
 Robert L. Friedheim, The Seattle General Strike. Seattle, Washington: University of Washington Press, 1964.
 Friedheim, Robert L. "The Seattle General Strike of 1919." Pacific Northwest Quarterly 52.3 (1961): 81-98. online

 Robert L. Friedheim, and Robin Friedheim. "The Seattle Labor Movement, 1919-20." Pacific Northwest Quarterly 55.4 (1964): 146-156. online

 Pressman, Matthew. "Black and White and Red All Over? Reassessing Newspapers' Role in the Red Scare of 1919." Journalism History 39.1 (2013): 29-39. online

 Cal Winslow, Radical Seattle: The General Strike of 1919. New York: Monthly Review Press, 2020.

Archives
 The King County Labor Council of Washington (Seattle, Wash.) Records. 1889–2003.  The Martin Luther King County Labor Council is the successor organization to the Seattle Central Labor Council. This collection contains records relating to the Seattle General Strike of 1919.

 Anna Louise Strong Papers. 1885–1970. 24.11 cubic feet (43 boxes, 3 packages, 3 folders). Contains material collected by Strong about the Seattle General Strike.
 Broussais C. Beck Papers. 1919–1961. 2.93 cubic feet including microfilm (5 boxes). Contains materials Beck collected when he was monitoring labor activity before, during, and after the Seattle General Strike.

External links
 Seattle General Strike Project at the University of Washington
 Seattle Strikes Exhibit at the University of  Washington Library
 "An Account of What Happened in Seattle and Especially in the Seattle Labor Movement, During the General Strike, February 6 To 11, 1919," by the History Committee of the General Strike Committee

1919 labor disputes and strikes
1919 in Washington (state)
February 1919 events
1910s in Seattle
General strikes in the United States
Industrial Workers of the World in Washington (state)
Labor disputes in Washington (state)
Revolutions of 1917–1923
Protests in Seattle
Red Scare

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
–1684) – a very learned and useful Spanish biographer [vol. 2, p. 333]
The horizontal line represents the person's life.1617 - born1659 - "De exilio, sive de exilii poena antiqua et nova, exsulumque conditione et juribus, libri tres"1672 - "Bibliotheca Hispana Nova"1696 - "Bibliotheca Hispana vetus, complectens scriptores qui ab Octaviani Augusti imperio usque ad annum M. floruerunt"1684 - died
Antonio, Nicholas
, a very learned and useful Spanish biographer, was born at Seville in 1617. His father was made president of the admiralty established in that city by Philip IV. He received his early education among the dorainicans, and studied philosophy and divinity afterwards at Salamanca, under the ablest masters, particularly Francis Ramos del Manzano, who was afterwards preceptor to the king and preceptor to Charles II. He then returned to Seville, and entirely devoted to study, passed the whole of his time in the Benedictine convent, where Benedict de la Serra, the abbot, had collected a very copious library, and where Antonio first planned and composed his valuable "Bibliotheca Hispana." When considerably advanced in this work, he brought it with him to Rome in 1659, at which time he was sent thither by Philip IV. in the character of agent-general of affairs concerning the crown of Spain, the two Sicilies, and the inquisition, and he continued in this office twenty-two years, at the end of which Charles II. recalled him to Madrid, and made him a member of his council. Notwithstanding these profitable employments, he was so charitable to the poor, as frequently to be in want himself, but was considerably relieved by a canonry of Seville, which pope Alexander VII. bestowed upon him, on the recommendation of the cardinal of Aragon. He died at Madrid in 1684, and was then a ktiight of the order of St. James. It is said that among his papers was found a commission appointing him one of the supreme council of justice, but it is certain that he never filled that office. He left no property, but a library of thirty thousand volumes. His publications were, 1. "De exilio, sive de exilii poena antiqua et nova, exsulumque conditione et juribus, libri tres," Antwerp, 1659, fol. The editor of the Biog. Universell-e speaks of a previous edition, 1641; but this we do not find in the author's account in his "Bibl. Hispana." This is said to have been written when he was only twenty-three years old. 2. "Bibliotheca Hispana Nova," Rome, 1672, 2 vols. fol. and lately reprinted by Francis Perez Bayer, of Valeutia, at Madrid, 1783, 2 vols. fol. In this work, Antonio, according to the custom of the time, arranges his | authors in the alphabetical order of their Christian names, a fault not conveniently remedied by his indexes, which are intended to divide his authors into classes. The collection is unquestionably creditable to Spanish learning and industry, b-ut many of the persons here recorded have long been in the land of oblivion, and among these we may surely reckon the greater part of an hundred and sixty authors who have written on the immaculate conception. 3. "Bibliotheca Hispana vetus, complectens scriptores qui ab Octaviani Augusti imperio usque ad annum M. floruerunt," Rome, 1696, 2 vols. fol. The M. in this title should be M. D. Antonio having left no means of defraying the expence of this publication, cardinal d'Aguirre took the whole upon himself, and employed Emmanuel Mars, a learned Valentian, as editor. The authors are here ranged in chronological order, with proper indexes, &c. The "Bibliotheca Nova," although published first, is in fact a sequel to this last, which has also been reprinted by Bayer at Madrid, 1788. Baillet prefers Antonio's work to every thing of the kind, and Morhof considers it as a model. David Clement prefers it to all the Bibliothecas except that of Quetif and Echarcl. He thinks him blameable, however, for not giving the titles of books in their proper language, an objection to which other biographers, and particularly the French, until lately, have been justly liable. One other publication of Antonio was printed for the first time so lately as 1742, at Valentia, under the titla of "Censura de historias fabulas, obra postuma," fol. ornamented with plates, and published by D. Gregoire Mayans y Siscar. We know not whether this be part of a work in which Antonio tells us he was long engaged, and which was to be called "Trophaeum historico-ecclesiasticum Deo veritatis erectum ex manubiis pseudo-historicorum, qui Flavii Lucii Dextri, M. Maximi, Helecoe, Braulionis, Luitprandi, et Juliani nomine circumferuntur; hoc est, Vindiciae verae atque iludum notae Hispanarum rerum historise, Germanarum nostros gentislaudum non ex GermanoFuldensibus chronicis emendicatarum in libertatem et puritatem plena assertio," a work which Bayle thinks would have been of dangerous consequence, as people seldom like to be set right as to the fabulous stories which have long flattered their vanity. 1
1 Gen. Dict. -Life in his Bill. Hisp. art. Nicolas. Biog. Universelle.
Antonini, Annibal (1702–?)
Antoninus Pius, Titus Aurelius Fulvius Boionus Antoninus (?–161)
Antoninus Philosophus, Marcus Aureltus (121–?)
Antoninus
Antonio, Da Messina (1426–1475)
Antonio, Nicholas (1617–1684)
Antonius, Godefroy (1618–?)
Antonius, Marcus
Antonius Ælius Nebrissensis (1442–1522)
Antony, St.
Baan, John De (1617–1684)
Modern reprint, vol. 2...


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