text:
BiH/CRO/SRB
DiEM TV
Join Diem25
Tech Sovereignty
DiEM25 believes that Europe can become a beacon of hope if it unites political, social and technological progress — putting the flourishing of all human beings at the centre of technological change. This could have a transformative impact on a global scale.
#diem25 #TechSovereignty
Technological Sovereignty
Technology monopolies have attained tremendous powers to shape what we see, who we hear from, or how we think, without any democratic accountability for that power. Technology has become a central form of power in society. This power must ultimately belong to the sovereign citizens of a technologized society.
Our Tech Pillar promotes an ambitious plan to achieve Technological Sovereignty: the right and capacity of citizens and democratic institutions to make self-determined choices regarding technologies and their innovation.
The establishment of a Digital Commonwealth in Europe will counter the power of platform monopolies by:
Strengthening regulations on Data Protection (GDPR) and ePrivacy to limit involuntary data extraction;
Enforcing mandatory cross-platform-interoperability and Portability of Data;
Ensuring stronger EU antitrust laws and better enforcement; and
Introducing the concept of Data Unions for collective representation.
Its infrastructure will be created by:
Opening up and democratising algorithmic Automated Decision Making (often wrongly referred to as "artificial intelligence (AI)") processes;
Decommodifying data through the establishment of a public data commons;
Creating a framework of digital rights for citizens; and
Supporting alternative business models to democratise economic structures, such as platform cooperatives.
Democratising Innovation
Decisions about technology should not be irreversibly delegated to technocrats, corporations and tech monopolies — Europe can and must do better.
The policies proposed by DiEM25 call for new institutions and a participatory governance of technology. They include the development of technological citizenship in the 21st century, based on principles such as the commons, the capacity of self-organisation and the development of counter-power held by citizens and democratic institutions.
The Tech Pillar's democratisation of innovation ensures that knowledge is shared in such a way as to benefit as many as possible. It will involve a reversal of the trend of socialising costs while privatising benefits of innovation, and the abolishment of monopolistic approaches to innovation.
Read our policy paper
DiEM25 is funded solely by individual contributions from people like you. We do not receive EU grants, government subsidies or funds from the corporate Establishment. Please support DiEM25 if you can. No matter the amount, your donation will go a long way in our bid to transform Europe.
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PowerWorld Corporation has been participating in the North American SynchroPhasor Initiative (NASPI) to develop specialized tools and features for wide-area phasor monitoring in PowerWorld Retriever.
PowerWorld Retriever is the weather map of the control room, providing an instant overview of wide-area system health and helping operators discern what is most important during system emergencies.
Contouring shows phase angle, with numeric readings for angle differences across path and flashing red for alarm condition.
Data are fictitious and for illustration only.
Real-time contour at more than 30 frames per second, showing frequency from the Grid Protection Alliance openPDC Test Data Stream. The feature uses OpenGL graphics rendering and is in beta development. Data are fictitious and for illustration only.


text:
Q: Existence of a real number that cannot be encoded by the truth values in the "worldly-successive" levels of $V$ In this question, the term "real" implies an infinite binary sequence (a binary sequence of length $\omega$).
Assume that the theory "ZFC + there is a proper class of worldly cardinals" is consistent and use this theory as the background set theory. Additionally, assume that $V \ne L$.
Let $f(\alpha)$ denote the $\alpha$-th worldy cardinal. Let $t(\phi, \alpha)$ denote the truth value (either $0$ or $1$) of a statement $\phi$ (a finite formula of arbitrary complexity) in $V_{f(\alpha)}$.
Assuming that $\beta$ is either $0$ or a limit ordinal, let $r(\phi, \beta)$ denote a real encoded by the following sequence of bits: $$r(\phi, \beta) = t(\phi, \beta), t(\phi, \beta+1), t(\phi, \beta+2), \ldots$$
Let $S$ denote the set of reals such that for any $x \in S$ there exists a statement $\phi$ and an ordinal $\beta$ such that $r(\phi, \beta) = x.$
Question: does there exist a real $y$ which is not an element of $S$? If no, why? If yes, is it possible to prove it and maybe describe a particular example of such real?

A: Let's suppose $V = L$, which is relatively consistent with a proper class of worldly cardinals. We know that $L$ is definably well-ordered, so take the smallest bijection $f : 2^{\aleph_0} \to \{f : \omega \to 2\}$ according to this well-ordering.
Then consider the following statement:

There is a set of worldly cardinals. Let $\beta$ be the ordinality of the set of worldly cardinals. Then we can write $\beta$ uniquely as $\beta = 2^{\aleph_0} \cdot \gamma + \delta$ for some $\delta < 2^{\aleph_0}$. Furthermore, we have $\delta < \omega$ and $\gamma < 2^{\aleph_0}$. And the $\delta$th element of $f(\gamma)$ is $1$.

We denote the above statement as $\phi$. Note that $r(\phi, 2^{\aleph_0} \cdot \alpha) = f(\alpha)$. Therefore, all reals can be written as $f(\phi, \beta)$ for some $\beta$. $\square$
The above demonstrates that we cannot prove the existence of a real which is not of the form $f(\phi, \beta)$.
Now suppose we could show that all reals are written in the form $f(\phi, \beta)$. Then we could define a well-order on the reals. But I suspect that even with a proper class of worldly cardinals, we could not produce a definable well-ordering of the reals.
So it appears this question is independent of your axioms.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Learn what scientific studies are finding out about the health benefits of tea, tisanes and herbals.
Find out why giving your children tea or tisanes to drink is so much better than soda .
Our job is helping you learn about tea. We love our job.


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Frank Kowalski
June 1, 1930 - November 2, 2016
KOWALSKI, Frank
It is with heavy hearts we announce the passing of our beloved husband, father and papa, Frank Kowalski.
He passed away peacefully with his family at his side on November 2, 2016, at the age of 86 years.
He is survived by his loving wife of 61 years, Olga; daughters: Jocelyn (Jeff) Bertram and Shelley-Jo (Ed) Metera; granddaughters: Ashley, Nicole and Victoria; siblings: Lee, Jean and Alfred.
Frank was predeceased by his parents Sam and Mary; siblings: Helen, John, Betty and Sam. He will be sadly missed by extended family and friends.
The family wishes to thank Dr. Jakeway and all the caring staff at the Kipnes Centre for Veterans.
Funeral mass will be held on Thursday, November 10, 2016 at 10:00 am at
St. Albert Roman Catholic Parish, 7 St. Vital Avenue, St. Albert, Alberta.
In lieu of flowers, donations may be made in Frank's name to the Kipnes Centre for Veterans.
Funeral Mass
St Albert Catholic Parish
7 St. Vital Avenue, St. Albert, AB
© 2021 Serenity Family Service Society Frank Kowalski

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The excitement of Christmas is really starting to build, and the big day is getting oh so much closer. In complete style, we continue our advent countdown with a few sleeping tips for the run up to the big day itself. Not sure about you, but we still get a few butterflies in our tummy awaiting Santa's visit. So the Christmas Eve sleep we end up getting isn't quite what we need for a full day of festivities. So here are a few sleeping tips to ensure you are on top form for the whole of Christmas day.
Taking advice for the experts when it comes to sleeping tips is certainly advisable. Even though Christmas Eve sleeping is a little bit different, their professional tips can still work wonders. So here is where we turn to the Sleep Foundation. Now lots of their tips are for general life, but some of those apply to those christmas eve jitters.
'Wind down. Your body needs time to shift into sleep mode, so spend the last hour before bed doing a calming activity such as reading'.
We have a family tradition that every Christmas Eve we watch a film. But not just any film, it has to be a Christmas film! Perhaps this is the problem though – bright light stops you from sleeping easily. Do you have any Christmas family traditions? Tweet us at @Furl_Home. Perhaps reading might work for your family.
'Sleep on a comfortable mattress and pillows. Make sure your mattress is comfortable and supportive'.
Ahem to that! Of course this sounds pretty self explanatory, however you wouldn't believe the amount of people that 'make do'. Get yourself out and testing new mattress if you don't absolutely love getting into yours. We have a lovely selection of mattresses to test and choose from. We recommend knowing nothing about them before testing them. So come on down to our London Showroom and give them a go. Delivery for this year may have passed, but there is nothing wrong with getting yourself ready for next year.
Thanks professionals, but now we come to those weird and wonderful ways of falling asleep. It would be boring if it wasn't weird wouldn't it. Bedding Pal gives some sleeping tips away that are just pure genius.
I mean seriously? That is the absolute opposite of what we are trying to do! However, they are totally, completely right, it works! Two rules though – you are not allowed to move around or watch TV. This is the absolute dream for us as it makes the build up to Christmas Day so much more exciting. Not forgetting the proven fact that Santa prefers to visit later to avoid you from hearing him! (Sorry).
So following on from the weird and wonderful sleeping tips, now we just have the plain weird sleeping tips. Yes, we are going to try both of these on Christmas Eve this year. Don't worry, we will aim to report back.
'Eat a spoonful of raw organic honey before going to bed. Or for a savoury snack, eat two tbs of raw almond butter on celery'.
We did warn you that it was weird. But it could become the new family Christmas tradition or perhaps even part of a game. The winner gets the honey, and the loser gets the raw almond butter on celery. What have you got to lose?
'Take a cold bath or shower before going to bed'.
Now this one seems more like the losers prize to us, but despite being weird, it works. Your body temperature lowers for sleeping, so this just speeds up the process a little.
Hopefully you will be able to get a good nights kip before this years Christmas Day.
So here's to a happy 13th December. We thought we would leave you with a few bonus tips on the colours you should be using to decorate with. If you have a taupe or sand based home interior scheme, decorate with golds and white. If you have a grey scheme, decorate with silver, white and green. No matter what your home colour scheme, make sure you throw in lots of candles. This is what makes Christmas magical.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The Muppets is one of many shows from the 1980's making a resurgence these days. Palisades Toys has been producing one of the best lines currently available based on this license, and they've just hit a new plateau with the release of the Swedish Kitchen (with Swedish Chef, of course!).
They've released three series so far - Series 1 with Kermit, Miss Piggy, Dr. Teeth and Bunsen Honeydew; Series 2 with Fozzie, Gonzo, Floyd, and Crazy Harry; and Series 3 with Zoot, Scooter, Rowlf and Lew Zealand. There's also been two previous play sets, The Electric Mayhem with Animal and the Muppets Lab with Beaker. Let's not even get into all the variants on these basic figures!
This play set includes the Kitchen as seen on the show, with the Swedish Chef figure. The Swedish Chef was a highlight of the show for many fans, and the excitement over this set has been building since the initial announcement. It's just hitting retail as I type, and I picked it up at my local Media Play for $35. I have a couple on-line options at the end of the review that will save you some cash though.
2016 Update: Keep in mind that this set originally sold for $30 - $35. It now regularly sells for $200 - $300. It's not THE most desired of the Palisades Muppets sets (that honor goes to the Back Stage set with the only version of Rowlf, which can net $700 - $800), but it remains highly desirable. It's also still my personal all time favorite play set, and in the 13 years since it's release, there's been nothing produced to take that spot from it.
This is still the original package style - with series 4 we'll see a major change. Originally Palisades only held the license to the Muppet Show, and this package design reflects that. The license is expanding, and with series 4 and beyond we'll see this carry over to the card art.
The box is huge, solid, and well designed. You can see just about everything, but there's a ton of accessories hidden in a cardboard insert. It's not collector friendly, but once you free this play set you'll never consider putting it back.
The amount of detail in this play set is astounding. From the tiled floor, to the stone work on the floor and wall around the stove, to the wood grain on the cabinets, every detail is present.
Chef looks terrific as well, although his size will throw some people. He's the largest figure in the line to date, but remember that his hands on the show were real hands, and therefore he had to be a much larger muppet.
All the detailing on the figure that you've come to expect is there, right down to the more realistic appearing hands. The hands are also sculpted to hold a wide variety of the accessories.
Every time I look at the set I find something new to marvel at. The stove and refrigerator are my favorites right now, because the amount of attention that was paid to the various shelves, doors, and small details. But the entire set shows that level of devotion, including drains in the sinks, the brick walls above the counter tops, and the textured windows.
Damn - I wish my kitchen was this cool.
On my set, there were occasionally sloppy spots, some around the fridge, some around the tile floor - but considering the sheer number of colors and amazing amount of paint detail, I'd say it's amazing how few problems there were.
I love the painted ceramic and steel look of the stove and refrigerator, and the coloration on the brick, tile, and stone is extremely realistic. The more you play around with the set and look at the various details, the more you'll find to love.
The paint application on Chef is perfect as well. There's a ton of detail here too, with the stripes of his shirt and checks of his pants, but there was no bleed, sloppy lines, or inconsistent colors anywhere to be seen.
Chef has neck, ball jointed shoulders, elbows, wrists, waist, and hips. It all works well, and allows him most chef-like poses. He's not going to be doing any complicated kata stances, but then he never did on the show either.
The set has all kinds of mobility as well. I counted 15 separate drawers or doors that open. I've never seen this level of quality on any play set before, and Palisades is going to have a tough time ever topping this set.
And a funky white shelf that I think goes in the fridge, but I couldn't quite figure it out.
That's an AMAZING number of accessories. All of them are well scaled and sport great sculpts and excellent paint jobs. Now I have to add to it with additional accessories from other sets, especially in the fridge!
There were some plans to include Lobster Banditos with the set, but they just couldn't get them in at this price. However, there will be a convention exclusive messy Chef available later this year at the San Diego Comic Con (and through the collectors club of course!) that will include three of the deadly lobsters.
The set cost me $35 at Media Play, but many on-line outlets are selling it for less than $30. Had I found it on a shelf for $30, it would be a four star value with no doubt whatsoever. Even at $35 it blows away the competition. Is this superior to the usual $50 Batcave? No possible question. Is this superior to the usual $35-$50 Simpsons play set? Absolutely, considering the level of detail and accessories.
I'm a huge fan of play sets. They are dioramas that spice up your display when done well, and I've NEVER seen one done this well. This is easily the finest mass produced play set ever, even better than the vintage Mego sets of old. I've never seen this level of accessories and detail in any set.
Ken Lilly and Mike Horn at Palisades have hit their high note - I suspect they'll spend the rest of their careers trying to top this one.
Don't screw up - if you're collecting the Muppets line, buy this set the first time you see it. Don't wait for sales, don't have second thoughts - buy it. If you love the license - even if you don't - you will not be disappointed in this set. To give you some indication of the demand for this set, Entertainment Earth has one of the higher prices on the net for it at $35 plus shipping, and still sold out just through pre-orders.
I found this one at Media Play, so Suncoast and Sam Goody should have them in as well. On-line, you can search ebay for a deal.
I've covered many of the Muppets figures so far from Palisades, and will be covering many more. As I mentioned earlier, they've released three regular series so far - Series 1 with Kermit, Miss Piggy, Dr. Teeth and Bunsen Honeydew; Series 2 with Fozzie, Gonzo, Floyd, and Crazy Harry; and Series 3 with Zoot, Scooter, Rowlf and Lew Zealand. There's also been two previous play sets, The Electric Mayhem with Animal and the Muppets Lab with Beaker.
You should hit the Search Reviews page to find reviews of some of the variants, and in case any other applicable reviews were done after this one was published.


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Top 10 Telecom Leaders in Africa
ITNewsAfrica is profiling Africa's Top 10 male Telecom Leaders, based on their executive skills and their company's business performance.
IT News Africa | 24.10.2011
ITNewsAfrica is profiling Africa's Top 10 male Telecom Leaders, based on their executive skills and their company's business performance. Africa's Business Leaders have made great strides in building successful African Telecommunications companies.
Innovation has played a crucial part of Africa's telecoms market, and the continent is renowned for being at the forefront of new technologies and services.
Here's our list of top 10 African Telecom Leaders, in no particular order:
1. Naguib Sawiris
Naguib Sawiris is the Executive Chairman of Orascom Telecom Holding (OTH). He is also the executive chairman of Wind Telecom and chairman of the board of Wind Telecomunicazioni SpA (Italy).
OTH launched the first mobile operator in Egypt, Mobinil in 1998. OTH has 20,000 employees and manages 11 GSM operators around the globe. Naguib Sawiris is the eldest of three brothers. His brothers are Nassef Sawiris and Samih Sawiris. He is the son of Onsi Sawiris who established the Orascom Group.
In 2010, Naguib Sawiris was listed in Forbes magazine as the 374th richest person in the world, with a personal wealth of US$2.5 billion. Naguib Sawiris holds a Diplom (similar to a Master's) in Business Administration and Mechanical Engineering from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland and the Abitur (diploma) from the German Protestant School, Cairo, Egypt.
2. Mohamed Abdel Rehim Hassanein
Mohamed Abdel Rehim Hassanein is the CEO and Managing Director for Telecom Egypt (TE). Mohammed was promoted to Senior Vice President (SVP) and Chief Technology Officer (CTO) responsible for overseeing all network technology related functions across the TE Group including planning, implementation and operations and maintenance.
He has worked for TE in technical and managerial roles for nearly 35 years, most recently as VP for Operations & Maintenance, a role he was appointed to in 2001. He has been with the company in various managerial and technical positions since 1976, including General Manager of the First and Third Zones of East Cairo, then Sector Chief of East Cairo Zones. He holds a B.Sc. in Communications Engineering from Al Azhar University.
3. Alieu Conteh
Alieu Conteh is the Congolese Wireless Network Chairman and the developer of the nation's (Democratic Republic of Congo) first Global System for Mobile communications digital network.
Conteh Schooled in London and California State University, Long Beach. Conteh's business reputation on the continent has grown over the past twenty years by founding and operating a successful commodity business.
Conteh continues to lead the team in building out the infrastructure in the Democratic Republic of Congo while maintaining his focus on the acquisition of additional license franchises.
4. Mike Adenuga
Mike Adenuga is the Nigerian Chairman and CEO of Globacom, popularly known as GLO.
Adenuga's rise to wealth and accompanying fame is an interesting story. His resolve to succeed against all odds started when, while in America, he worked as a taxi driver and security guard to sustain himself in school.
Adenuga had his secondary school education at the Ibadan Grammar School, Ibadan, Oyo State, before proceeding to the North-Western University in Oklahoma and Pace University, New York, both in the United States where he studied business administration.
GLO is privately owned by the Mike Adenuga Group which also consists of Equatorial Trust Bank (ETB), Conoil PLC, a petroleum marketing company, and Conoil Producing, a crude exploration company.
5. Etinne Kouadio
Etinne Kouadio is the Alink Telecom Côte d'Ivoire MD. Alink Telecom is one of the leading pan African Telecom Group operating in 12 countries. Alink Telecom has positioned itself as the provider of Data, VoIP and dedicated Internet Provider in Western and Central Africa.
Kouadio has developed Alink Telecom as MD for Niger and Ghana business units before joining Côte d'Ivoire.
Kouadio has 10 years of experience in marketing and selling Telecom products and services. He graduated from the Top School of Business Management of Abidjan in 1999. He holds a Certificate of Business Language Proficiency from University of Brighton, England in 1998. He has been a key note speaker in GSM West Africa in Dakar.
6. Steven Evans
Steven Evans is the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) for Etisalat Nigeria. He has a depth of experience directing service providers across the globe. Evans was formerly CEO of BT Mobile and Director of Wireless Broadband at BT Mobile.
Evans has over 20 years global mobile telecommunications experience.
7. Sifiso Dabengwa
Sifiso Dabengwa is MTN Group CEO. Dabengwa previously served as CEO of the Nigerian business, where he is now director, after a stint as MD of MTN SA.
Before joining the telecom company in 1999, Dabengwa headed Eskom's distribution division, where he controlled a multibillion-rand budget in a division employing 17 000 people and generating revenues of more than R20bn/year (about US $ 2.5 bn).
Dabengwa is the former chairman of the Dawn Suite Hotel Group. He previously served on the boards of Peermont Global and Impala Platinum Holdings.
Dabengwa is an electrical engineer by training. He obtained his junior degree in engineering from the University of Zimbabwe, and has a Wits MBA.
8. Jose dos Sontos
Jose dos Santos is the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Vodacom Mozambique. He has over 20 years experience in the telecommunications industry, involved mainly in the GSM business.
Jose has spent several years outside South Africa, mainly in Tanzania and Mozambique. He has a very good understanding of the low-end and emerging markets, having been directly involved in the conceptualization and implementation of innovative products.
During his career, Jose held Management positions in various companies including Message Link, Auto Page Cellular, Cell C, Vodacom Tanzania.
Jose is a member of the South African Institute of Directors and a member of the South African Institute of marketing Management (IMM)
9. Bob Collymore
Bob Collymore is the CEO of Safaricom, Kenya's biggest mobile-phone company. Prior to joining Safaricom, Bob was the Chief Officer for Corporate Affairs in Vodacom Group responsible for the Group's Corporate Communication, Ethics and Compliance, Legal, External Relationships and Corporate Social Responsibility. Prior to that, he was Vodafone's Governance Director for Africa where he was responsible for developing and driving Vodafone's strategy for its investments in Africa as well as representing Vodafone as a key direct foreign investor in a number of African countries. Bob has more than 25 years of commercial experience working in the telecommunications sector.
Collymore now lives in Kenya after relocating from South Africa where he has lived for the past 3 years and had spent the previous 3 years living and working in Tokyo as Vodafone's Director, Consumer Marketing (Asia), overseeing the development and alignment of Vodafone's Japanese business. His previous roles included Global Purchasing Director for Vodafone and Purchasing Director for the Dixons Stores Group, one of the UK's largest electrical retailers.
Collymore is also a trustee of Holding companies in Kenya and Tanzania for M-PESA, Vodafone's pioneering money transfer service.
10. Mickael Ghossein
Mickael Ghossein is the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) for Orange Telkom Kenya. Ghossein has over 28 years experience in the telecommunications industry. Previously he was the Group CEO of Jordan Telecom, Mobilecom and Orange Reunion.
Ghossein has worked for Mobilrom as the Commercial Chief Officer and Marketing and Chief Officer. He has worked for the France Telecom Group between 1991 and 1997 as director of EUTELTRACS activities, director for the marketing bilateral department and director of business department.
Other companies he has worked for include Enterprise General de Telecommunications and Thomson CSF cooperation.
Ghossein holds a Master of Electronics Electrotechnics Automatisation from University of Lyon, holds an engineering diploma from The Institute of Superieur Electronic Nord and DEA signal processing from the University of Valenciennes.
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Литовський тимчасовий уряд — короткочасний уряд, сформований 22 квітня 1941 року в Німеччині членами Литовського фронту активістів. Передбачалося, що після нападу Третього Рейху на СРСР незалежність Литви буде відновлена, а новостворений уряд стане законною владою Литви. Німеччина не схвалила ініціативу ЛФА і помістили під домашній арешт главу уряду Казиса Шкірпу.

Попри це, відразу після нападу Німеччини на СРСР члени ЛФА розгорнули активні бойові дії проти радянських військ, взяли під свій контроль великі міста Литви й оголосили про перехід влади до влади тимчасового уряду на чолі з Юозасом Амбразявічюсом. Після заняття Литви німецькими військами окупаційна адміністрація відмовилася визнавати його, і замість нього сформували колабораціоністську установу на чолі з Пятрасом Кубілюнасом.

Передісторія
Проведені радянським керівництвом і місцевими комуністами в 1940—1941 рр. в Литві соціально-економічні реформи, що супроводжувалися масовими репресіями з боку органів держбезпеки СРСР і гоніннями на католицьку церкву, викликали різке неприйняття значної частини населення республіки. Вторгнення німецької армії в СРСР розцінювалося населенням як акт національного визволення.

В той самий час, на відміну від латишів і естонців, нацисти не розглядали литовців бездоганними союзниками. Їх культурно-історична близькість до поляків і ревний католицизм стали причиною введення в Литві більш жорсткого окупаційного режиму, ніж в Естонії й Латвії. Таким чином, Німеччина не ставила своїм завданням відновлення литовського державного суверенітету, що визначало весь алгоритм дій окупаційної влади. Своєю чергою литовська громадськість не намагалася протидіяти цьому збройним шляхом, вважаючи своїм основним ворогом Радянський Союз.

Керівники уряду

Створення

22 червня 1941 року по всій території Литви розпочалося повстання, очолене членами Фронту литовських активістів (Lietuvos Aktyvistų Frontas). Повстанці, що сформували «загони самооборони», взяли під свій контроль залізниці, мости, центри зв'язку, склади продовольства і спорядження, а також зайняли залишені радянськими військами населені пункти. Населення литовських міст і сіл зустрічало німецькі війська як визволителів.

23 червня озброєні формування Фронту литовських активістів, зав'язавши бої з відступаючими частинами Червоної армії, зайняли Вільнюс і оголосили по Каунаському радіо про створення Тимчасового уряду Литви. Прем'єр-міністром нового уряду став професор філології Каунаського університету Юозас Амбразявічюс. На місцях виникли паралельні владні структури — адміністрації Тимчасового уряду Литви та німецькі військові комендатури.

Повноваження Тимчасового уряду Литви не поширювалися на Віленський край. У Вільнюсі було сформовано самостійний Цивільний комітет Вільнюського повіту і міста на чолі з професором права Вільнюського університету Стасисом Жакявічюсом.

Діяльність
24 червня німецькі війська увійшли в захоплені литовськими повстанцями Каунас і Вільнюс. 25 червня в Берліні гестапо заарештувало голову створеного в Німеччині в жовтні 1940 року колишнього посла Литви в Німеччині Казиса Шкірпу. До 1944 року він перебував під домашнім арештом.

27 червня всі радіостанції Литви були включені в радіомережу Третього рейху. 29 червня Тимчасовий уряд Литви приймає рішення про створення в литовських містах єврейських гетто. В той же день в Каунасі архієпископ Римо-католицької церкви в Литві Йосип Сквірекас заявив про повну підтримку боротьби Німеччини з більшовизмом. Німецька влада заявила про своє бажання співпрацювати з Римо-католицькою церквою в Литві. У той же день Цивільний комітет Вільнюського повіту також видав постанову про створення у Вільнюсі єврейського гетто.

2 липня 1941 Тимчасовий уряд Литви анулював всі правові акти, прийняті з 15 червня 1940, і оголосив, що всі відновлені установи та служби повинні працювати на підставі законів Литовської Республіки, прийнятих до 15 червня 1940 року.

23 липня в структурах литовського самоврядування відбувся військовий переворот, в результаті якого влада в них була захоплена підпільною націоналістичною організацією «Залізний вовк» на чолі з колишнім майором ВПС Литви Йонасом Пірагюсом. Демократичні діячі в адміністрації і поліції були відтіснені радикальними литовськими націоналістами.

28 липня німецькі військові комендатури в Литві передали свої повноваження німецькій цивільній окупаційній адміністрації. У той же день Литва була включена в рейхскомісаріат «Остланд» як генеральний округ «Литва».

30 липня Цивільний комітет Вільнюського повіту і міста видав положення про те, що на території повіту діють закони, прийняті до 15 червня 1940, «якщо вони не суперечать порядкам воєнного часу».

5 серпня 1941 Тимчасовий уряд Литви за наказом окупаційної адміністрації було розпущено, а видані ним закони — анульовані, зокрема, не визнавалися його акти, що скасовують націоналізацію землі, а також розпуск колгоспів і радгоспів. З вулиць міст були прибрані литовські державні прапори.

Ставлення в сучасній Литві
У вересні 2000 року Вітаутас Ландсберґіс запропонував прийняти Акт про визнання Тимчасового уряду Литви законним урядом країни. Парламентом Литви Акт був схвалений (було подано голосів: За 48, Проти 0, утрималися 3). Після декількох консультацій спікера парламенту В. Ландсбергіса з Президентом країни і послом США він заявив про поспішність прийняття Акта.

Джерела
 Dr. Valentinas Brandišauskas Lietuvių aktyvistų frontas, Laikinoji Vyriausybė ir žydų klausimas : a presentation delivered during a seminar-discussion — March 23, 1999.

Литва в Другій світовій війні
Колаборація у Другій світовій війні

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Vitamin D3 can be synthesized by humans in the skin upon exposure to ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation from sunlight. But, due to the winter season, weather conditions, and sun block, the body's ability to produce optimal vitamin D levels may be inhibited. These factors point to the value of taking a daily vitamin D supplement.
Vitamin D has long provided significant support for healthy bone density.1-7However, scientists have also validated the critical role that vitamin D plays in regulating healthy cell division and differentiation, and its profound effects on human immunity.8-14 These findings link a deficiency of vitamin D to a host of common age-related problems.
The current RDA for vitamin D is only 600 IU which has resulted in startling evidence of a widespread deficiency for this vitamin. Most experts in the field now recommend an intake between 1,000–10,000 IU for adults to achieve a serum 25(OH)D level above those indicative of vitamin D deficient levels, at approximately 80 nmol/L or 32 ng/mL.
Life Extension suggests that healthy adults supplement each day with 5,000–8,000 IU of vitamin D with the objective of achieving an optimal 25-hydroxy vitamin D blood level between 50–80 ng/mL. A vitamin D blood test can help you determine the additional amount of vitamin D you may need to supplement with to achieve an optimal level.
If your calcium supplement or multivitamin also contains vitamin D3, this softgel is an excellent way to complement that intake and reach an optimum blood level of D3 for whole-body health!
Other ingredients: extra virgin olive oil, medium chain triglycerides oil, gelatin, glycerin, purified water, rosemary extract.


James Stevens was, at one time, a good man with a great life -- but that was then and this is now. After the tragic death of his wife and losing custody of his little girl, James is at the darkest crossroad of his life. Angry, desperate, and unable to hold down a steady job, he agrees to drive a box truck on a shady, one-time trip cross country for cash -- no questions asked. But when he discovers what he is delivering is actually who, he is compelled to save two beautiful and frightened sisters who are unaware of the danger that awaits them. This unlikely hero risks it all to save these women, confront the forces that oppose him and ultimately discover the life he was meant to live. PRICELESS is a powerful story from the creative minds behind the Grammy Award-winning band for KING & COUNTRY.


This is not to say that fashion is less important than literature.
Fine. I'll say it. Fashion is less important than literature. That's why the Times shouldn't natter on about fashion and flirting when they profile cultural magazines founded by women but focus on ideas and hard work when they profile similar magazines founded by men. There's no need to pretend otherwise, and it's no insult to fashion to place it somewhere behind Shakespeare and H.L. Mencken.


Thanks so much for your phone call last week inquiring about my sauna. I just love it. I try to use it every day but average 5 days a week most weeks. When you asked if it helped my aches and pains I was a bit puzzled because I never have any. After hanging up with you I started to think back to before I had the sauna and remembered I had a lot of them but they are only a memory now. My skin has never looked better and I have more energy then ever. I am so pleased that I went with infrared thermal system. Not only is it a beautiful piece of furniture, it is maintenance free. We did rearrange the placement of the unit and made it caddy corner in our room and it looks like it was made for the space.
I want you to know what a wonderful investment my Cedrus Sauna has been and how much I have really appreciated all of the terrific help and personal care that I have received from the two of you at (Healthy Spaces)! My naturopath, who treats many cancer patients, encouraged me to start using a sauna as it has been shown to boost the immune system. Nothing has been as convenient and comfortable as using my own sauna at my own schedule, and with the stereo and light inside, I enjoy beautiful music while I read or relax. In addition to helping me overcome the cancer, whenever I start to come down with a cold, I sauna twice a day and I am over it in two days. Also what a difference in being able to breathe with a cold when I sauna! My purchase prompted my Naturopath to acquire her own sauna which she uses every day, and in addition, my son-in-law who is a chiropractor is planning to purchase one for his family and clients use. I recommend it to anyone who has any health issues or wishes to avoid any health issues! You have both gone far above what is considered great customer service and I thank you for it! Coming out to my home to assemble my sauna and also coming out to help me assemble my Aqua Pour water filter cheerfully and without charge are just a few examples of your wonderful service which I have greatly appreciated. You are always available to help me when I have questions and I highly recommend Healthy Spaces to all of my friends!
We wanted to let you know how much we enjoy our sauna. We have had our sauna for a year now and have used it for relaxation, meditation and getting the deep cold winter chill out of our bones. By January and February the sauna's wonderful, deep penetrating heat is like breaths of summer, making winter seem mild. Work can be very stressful at times. One night I had a very tight knot between my shoulder blades. I thought relaxing in bed would help. By 12:30am it was so bad I couldn't rest. I got into the sauna and put my back close to the heater. After about 20 minutes of heat, stretching and rubbing, the knot relaxed. I thought I would have a stiff neck the next morning, but there was no soreness at all. Now I always stretch while in the sauna. I feel my cardio is stronger, my skin is softer and smoother, and my face has a younger, healthy glow. We conquered the nasty cold that has been going around everywhere. Bruce felt his first and got into the sauna a couple times a day over the weekend. He never developed the cold. I didn't feel mine until Monday morning when I got up and I didn't have time to sauna until I got home. I used the sauna morning and night for a few days and never felt bad enough to take any medication. I could feel the cold was close at hand, but it never came on. Other people were off work for 2-3 days. If the grandkids come over with a cough or cold, they get in the sauna and it shortens the duration of their illness. We have checked other saunas at shows and different stores. We have never found one to equal our Cedrus sauna we got from you. The quality and appearance is great and looks good in our living room.
Jacuzzi Clearlight are the Best, Including Construction and Guarantees!
Knowing I wanted one for my home, I researched infrared saunas until I was more confused at the end than at the beginning. There are cheap models on Amazon, Wayfair, EBay, online middle-men holding themselves out as manufacturers, and other options. Then I discovered Diane Bays at Healthy Spaces, who carries the Clearlight brand, endorsed by Jacuzzi. Jacuzzi had also done their research, looking for the best made and safest unit available upon which to put their corporate name.
I went with Diane Bays for three reasons. First, she is local and very accessible for training and advice, and could not be more accommodating. She is also a straight shooter who looks out for her customer's best interests rather than simply making a sale. Second, the specs on the Jacuzzi Clearlight are the best, including construction and guarantees. Safety is an issue for the poorly made units coming out of China, so that was a major concern of mine. With Clearlight specs, I got the peace of mind I was looking for. There are cheaper brands out there for sure, but I would never bring one of those into my home. Third, I gained peace of mind knowing Jacuzzi had also done their research, and chose Clearlight as their top choice.
I'm on week three since my Sanctuary Unit was installed, and I haven't missed a day of using it. It has become part of my daily health and wellness protocol. I have a small issue of staying warm on those damp, windy and wet days of winter, but the infrared sauna provides a warming heat that is incomparable, plus all the health benefits.


The Ride5 Media Group is having a contest for new filmmakers to earn $500 for a short film. They're a new class of creative agency. They offer clients customized media services, develop cross-platform products for their own consumer audiences and produce feature films.
A quick rundown of the contest: they are looking for filmmakers to create a short and creative film that can be shot on any type of equipment such as an HD camera, a cell phone, or even grandpa's Super8. The basic requirements are to incorporate their logo in the film and the length of the video must be under three minutes.


This 3 bedroomed Luxury Lawnside, new onsite in 2019 has a flat screen TV, DVD player, fridge freezer, with a warm, modern interior décor, the central feature of this caravan is the french doors that lead out onto a private raised terrace including outdoor furniture, witheasy access to the main lawns via a closable gate and steps.
It has one double bedroom, two twin rooms, a family WC/shower room and an ensuite WC.
*Please note the picture of the terrace is of Caravan 12, and is for illustration purposes of the terrace.


text:
Climate change could undermine children's education and development in the tropics
hrandell@umd.edu
ANNAPOLIS, MD.--Education of children is one of the ambitious goals for sustainable development as a way to alleviate poverty and reduce vulnerability to climate change and natural disasters. Yet, a new study by a University of Maryland researcher published in the April 15, 2019, issue of the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences concludes that exposure to extreme heat and precipitation in prenatal and early childhood years in countries of the global tropics could make it harder for children to attain secondary school education, even for better-off households.
University of Maryland researcher Heather Randell, lead author who conducted the synthesis study as a postdoctoral fellow at the National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center, and co-author Clark Gray, of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, found that climatic conditions affect education attainment adversely in multiple ways. In Southeast Asia, which historically has high heat and humidity, exposure to higher-than-average temperatures during prenatal and early childhood has a harmful effect on schooling and is associated with fewer years of attending school. In West and Central Africa, and Southeast Asia, greater rainfall in early life is associated with higher levels of education. In Central America and the Caribbean, children who experienced more than typical rainfall had the lowest predicted education.
Surprisingly, children from the most educated households were not cushioned from the climate effects, and they experienced the greatest penalties when they felt hotter and drier conditions in early life.
In the study, Randell and Gray investigated the links between extreme temperature and precipitation in early life and educational attainment in 29 countries in the global tropics. The research has implications for determining vulnerability to climate change and development trajectories.
"If climate change undermines educational attainment, this may have a compounding effect on underdevelopment that over time magnifies the direct impacts of climate change," the authors write. "As the effects of climate change intensify, children in the tropics will face additional barriers to education." The authors expected that children from better educated households would fare better, but found instead that climate change could erode the development and education gains in the tropics, even for better-off households, who have the most to lose as their advantages wear away.
Randell explained that as children in the tropics feel the intensifying effects of climate change, they will face additional barriers to education and this is more evidence of the varied social impacts of climate change. Policies to safeguard children in these exposed populations, for example making sure pregnant women and young children can get relief from high heat and humidity, or providing heat or drought tolerant crop varieties, could limit long term impacts of climate change, Randell explained.
"While these results may not be directly related to schools, they are important factors in early life that affect a kid's school trajectory," said Randell. "People rarely think about how kids' education is directly linked to climate. But this is really important given the extent that climate change is impacting extreme weather events. We need to better understand what gains in education are possible, and how climate change can act as a barrier to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. We have to take climate into account, plan for it, and design policies to create more resilient populations given that we know climate impacts are going to be worse in the next decade."
Randell and Gray's PNAS paper builds on their earlier study published in 2016 in Global Environmental Change that found how climate variability competes with schooling in Ethiopia and could lower adaptive capacity for generations.
Read the full article at PNAS.
hrandell


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The bed bug epidemic that has plagued the multifamily and rental housing industries over the past few years isn't going away any time soon according to the latest Bugs Without Borders Survey conducted by the National Pest Management Association (NPMA) and the University of Kentucky.
The survey of U.S. pest management professionals found that 99.6 percent of respondents encountered bed bug infestations in the past year and that they continue to be the most difficult pest to treat. As expected, bed bugs are most commonly found in residences, including apartments/condominiums and single-family homes, with 98 percent and 96 percent of pest professionals reporting that they treated bed bugs in these locations respectively.
The findings from the 2013 Bugs Without Borders survey demonstrate that bed bugs are as much, if not more of a problem today than they were a few years ago. It also shows the importance of property management teams having a bed bug action plan, as well as educating residents about the signs of a bed bug infestation.
Because when you get down to it, education and vigilance are still the best way to prevent infestations from spreading.
The 2013 Bugs Without Borders Survey highlights the latest findings on today's continuing pervasiveness of the bed bug epidemic in the United States. The survey was conducted from January 19 to February 18, 2013, and is based on responses from 251 pest management companies across the United States.
I think the most telling stat is the last one, that 72% say the problem is getting worse, not better. Any tips for reducing the risk of bed bugs in your apartment or home?
Thanks for the question, Keith.
Several of the steps in this plan can be followed by home owners, especially the points laid out in the Prevent section.


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The Little Honey Flawless Bronzing Kit includes a 125ml spray mist and a decent quality glove for NZD$55. You can also buy these items separately. They have also recently introduced the 'boyfriend mitt' which is a wider fit glove for the man in your life to reach those hard to get places on your back!
Little Honey is a paraben-free formula enriched with Pro Vitamin B5 and Aloe Vera which provides additional moisture and softens the skin. It's cruelty-free too, and created by a Kiwi company which gets two massive ticks from me!
Having naturally very fair skin, I like to have a light tan all year around to give me a healthy glow. But rather than risk sun damage (hello, aging!) I religiously apply my Bondi Sands Dark Self Tanning Lotion every Thursday night – yes even in winter. One application is enough to last me the week and if I'm looking for additional depth before an event I might double up with a Tuesday application too.
I've tried most other brands on the market before settling on Bondi, including supermarket gradual tanners, professional spray tans and St Tropez, so I would consider myself a fake tan connoisseur!
Little Honey has a lovely light vanilla scent. Initially, I tried spraying directly onto my skin and rubbing it in – but it got a bit tricky to keep the bottle upright when trying to spray the back of my legs etc, so I sprayed the mist onto the mitt and then rubbed the formula into my skin. From there, it was much more effective.
The tan is very quick drying – 10 seconds or less, so you gotta work fast! Before it dries, it does spread easily and the mist is tinted so you instantly have a light glow and can see where you have applied. The tint is a soft golden colour and not fake-looking at all. I have no streaks and it's easy enough to rub into my ankles and wrists.
I hop into bed and my partner remarks it smells nice – poor thing is getting used to tanned sheets every week, as I'm yet to purchase a Tanzee despite my regular tanning habit (I like to snuggle him too much!).
I always sleep in my tan, the bottle advises at least four hours development time, so this is up to you. I am impressed that there is little to no transfer, and when I rinse off the tint in the shower. I don't get a lot of the colour washing off like my Bondi babe. The final colour result is a beautiful golden colour which doesn't look unnatural at all.
I would suggest you exfoliate + moisturise your wrists and ankles though as I can see the colour has grabbed a bit here. I have white fingers but tanned wrists – nothing a bit of bronzer can't help but still noticeable enough to feel a bit self–conscious in meetings. I do feel brave enough to wear a white blouse though, confident I won't get any residual transfer throughout the day.
The colour lasts well until about day 3/4, I do use moisturising gel in the shower but no moisturisers throughout the week (just as I normally would) – and I find my skin goes quite dry and the colour becomes patchy and washed out in places, especially on my arms and legs. Ironically, I need to rub quite hard to remove the remaining tan (hot shower, exfoliating glove + moisturising shower gel).
Overall, I love that it has little to no transfer, it has a beautiful natural colour and a nice scent. The formula is non-streaky and quick to apply (I could do a full body in about 2-3 minutes!). My only advice would be to have a good moisturiser handy for ankles, wrists and elbows – and then apply your moisturiser every second day to keep the tan in tip top condition. It's important to note I did try this in the middle of winter, so I would need to use it again in summer when skin moisture levels are higher.
Chasing perfection. Working to pay for my botox and support my beauty addiction.


DimitriosTypaldos/Ideas: In this new directory I am trying to describe a few points that might eventually help improving the Translation Quick Start Guide, by updating the current content of the document.
Innovations, modifications and information about translating issues are happening along the way. Would a link towards a 'translation-news' or related (web/wiki) pages be of interest ?
Many of the items above aim to the idea to gather in this document as many as possible of useful tools, faq and general information that a (new) translator might need to know, minimizing the effort to browse around.


The Youth Stat Freshman Project seeks to service already identified Youth Stat disengaged 8th graders in their transition to high school, and over-age, under-credited freshman and repeating 9th graders. In its pilot years (2017-18 and 2018-19), the Youth Stat Freshman Project on will focus on the following schools: Hillhouse, Wilbur Cross, New Horizons, New Light, Riverside and High School in the Community. We intend to reach a minimum of 400 students over two years who will each receive at least one intervention, an individualized success plan and access to a network of services tailored to their personal needs.
What is the Youth Stat Freshman Project?
Mentors consist of community members, educators and local college students who will dedicate 2 sessions per week per student.
Tutors will consist of community members, educators, and local college students who will dedicate time as needed to help students with their class work and help with any academic struggles.
ALIVE staff assess the urgency for intervention across key domains of functioning. This assessment is not intended to be a comprehensive or complete evaluation of the 7 domains (physical health, mental health, academic performance, housing, legal, financial and social), but rather a concise impression of possible severe problems that may or may have not been attended to, and which require referral to specialized services such as provided by other Youth Stat partners.
Rapid Access is an immediate intervention response service that is both culturally-specific and culturally-sensitive to the needs of New Haven Youth. Rapid access provides more than just immediate crisis response; therapy services can be short-term or long-term and function to create a liaison relationship to help youth or their family access culturally appropriate services tailored to their level of need.
Rain of Hope will take on disengaged youth who have ambitions to work with kids or in the education system. They will be trained in social-emotional learning and strategies in order to maximize their effectiveness in mentoring and working with younger children in kindness, respect, communication, etc.
What Will Make the Youth Stat Freshmen Project Successful?


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I'm always a little apprehensive about ex-con redemption films. They are generally predictable, and the emotional puppeteering is all too easy and familiar. And I must acknowledge that in The Yellow Handkerchief, there is more than a little of all that. But I don't think that's at the core of the movie. Rather, this is a story about three individuals, all lost and lonely, led by fate into a beat-up convertible, and finding themselves unexpectedly on a little road trip in post-Katrina Louisiana bayou country.
Award-winning German producer Arthur Cohn put together this project, and Indian director Udayan Prasad made some great casting calls. William Hurt is at the center as Brett, a just-released ex-con battling his demons (which are gradually revealed throughout the movie) and tenuously reentering the outside world. It's a role that comes naturally to Hurt, more like his classics The Big Chill, The Doctor and The Accidental Tourist than his arresting departure in The History of Violence. Maria Bello shows up mostly in flashbacks, as the love of his pre-prison life. Eddy Redmayne (Gordy) and Kristen Stewart (Matine) steal the show as the youngsters who meet in a store, and find themselves moments later asking Brett to make them an unlikely threesome.
Prasad does a great job of sharing with the audience the unadorned emotions at play as these three feel each other out, and gradually get comfortable with each other. Of course there is tension, as Brett is older, obviously hardened, and something of mystery, and even more so when they find out he is an ex-con. But also anger, fear and disgust, before the softening. The strengths and weaknesses of each character are slowly exposed as their journey leads them in search of acceptance, hope and love. And talented cinematographer Chris Berges brings an eerie sadness to a Louisiana bayou country not nearly recovered from the ravages of Katrina.
The Yellow Handkerchief may move too slowly for broad public acceptance. But the pacing was even and the story never lagged. One might accuse the ending of being a little hackneyed (and one would be right) but that doesn't dull the effect of a movie that leaves you smiling and optimistic about life.
Sundance Moment: Prasad, Cohn, Hurt, Bello, Redmayne and Stewart were all at the premiere. Best line was from Cohn, who said some people told him this was a "little movie." "There are no little movies or big movies," he repeated twice. Sundance philosophy in a nutshell.
Labels: Eddy Redmayne, Kristen Stewart, Maria Bello, Udayan Prasad, William Hurt
posted by Bill at 10:00 AM 1 comments


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Direct and Indirect Crisis Effects on International Trade or: Is There a Chance to Employ an Income Stimulus to Stimulate Exports?
Konon, Alexander (2012): Direct and Indirect Crisis Effects on International Trade or: Is There a Chance to Employ an Income Stimulus to Stimulate Exports?
MPRA_paper_36363.pdf
While research concerning the fundamental connection between financial crises and international trade, at first appearance, provides conclusive results, it displays two specific methodological biases by ignoring income effects: first, crisis influence is underestimated; second, crisis dynamics do not take account of income dynamics, thereby giving the analysis a touch of avoidable incompleteness. This paper offers a solution to both problems without leaving the standard framework of the gravity model of trade. The solution is brought by a basic crisis adjustment technique of income. As an empirical test, the developed approach is employed to estimate the crisis response of German trade during the recent global crisis. Results correspond to consequences deducted from an elementary impact model for a quasi-non-crisis country: exports are mainly affected by non-income effects and foreign income effects; imports are influenced by domestic income and global non-income effects, and reveal expected dynamics. The outcome has two implications of interest for policy decisions: (i) stimulus spillovers can come back, and (ii) the indirect effect sensitivity of imports delivers a strong case for an international coordination of fiscal measures.
gravity model of trade; German trade; crisis impact; income effects; stimulus effects
E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics > E6 - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook > E62 - Fiscal Policy
F - International Economics > F1 - Trade > F14 - Empirical Studies of Trade
Alexander Konon
Abiad, A., Mishra, P. and Topalova, P. (2011). How Does Trade Evolve in the Aftermath of Financial Crisis. IMF Working Paper, (11/3).
Asmundson, I., Dorsey, T., Khachatryan, A., Niculcea, I. and Saito, M. (2011). Trade and Trade Finance in the 2008–09 Financial Crisis. IMF Working Paper, (11/16).
Baig, T. and Goldfajn, I. (1998). Financial Market Contagion in the Asian Crisis. IMF Working Paper, (98/155).
Beetsma, R., Giuliodori, M. and Klaassen, F. (2005). Trade Spillovers of Fiscal Policy in the European Union: A Panel Analysis. CEPR Discussion Paper, (5222).
Belitz, H., Clemens, M. and Gornig, M. (2009). Germany's Technological Specialization Assures Growth Opportunities. DIW Weekly Report, 5 (16), 108–113.
Berkmen, P., Gelos, G., Rennhack, R. and Walsh, J. P. (2010). Differential Impact. Finance & Development, 47 (1), 29–31.
Bun, M. J. G. and Klaassen, J. G. M. (2002). Controlling for Heterogeneity in Gravity Models of Trade and Integration. UvA Econometrics Discussion Paper, (2002/18).
Cheng, I. H. and Wall, H. J. (2005). Controlling for Heterogeneity in Gravity Models of Trade and Integration. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review, 87 (1), 49–69.
Cooper, R. and Kempf, H. (2009). Insulation Impossible: Fiscal Spillovers in a Monetary Union. Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas Globalization and Monetary Policy Institute Working Paper, (30).
Deardorff, A. V. (1995). Determinants of Bilateral Trade: Does Gravity Work in a Neoclassical World? NBER Working Paper, (5377).
Egger, P. (2000). A Note on the Proper Econometric Specification of the Gravity Equation. Economic Letters, 66 (1), 25–31.
Eichengreen, B. and Rose, A. K. (1996). Contagious Currency Crises. NBER Working Paper, (5681).
Feyrer, J. (2009). Distance, Trade, and Income: The 1967 to 1975 Closing of the Suez Canal as a Natural Experiment. NBER Working Paper, (15557).
Forbes, K. J. (2000). The Asian Flu and Russian Virus: Firm-level Evidence on How Crises are Transmitted Internationally. NBER Working Paper, (7807).
Forbes, K. J. (2002). Are Trade Linkages Important Determinants of Country Vulnerability to Crises? In S. Edwards and J. A. Frankel (eds.), Preventing Currency Crises in Emerging Markets , Univ. of Chicago Press.
Glick, R. and Rose, A. K. (1999). Contagion and Trade: Why are Currency Crises Regional? Journal of International Money and Finance, 18 (4), 603–617.
Harrigan, J. (2000). The Impact of the Asia Crisis on U.S. Industry: An Almost-free Lunch? Federal Reserve Bank of New York Economic Policy Review, 6 (3), 71–79.
Hausman, J. and Taylor, W. (1981). Panel Data and Unobservable Individual Effects. Econometrica, 46 (6), 1377–1398.
Hodrick, R. J. and Prescott, E. C. (1981). Post-War U.S. Business Cycles: An Empirical Investigation. Discussion Paper, (451), Northwestern University, Center for Mathematical Studies in Economics and Management Science.
Laeven, L. and Valencia, F. (2010). Resolution of Banking Crises: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. IMF Working Paper, (10/146).
Ma, Z. and Cheng, L. (2005). The Effects of Financial Crises on International Trade . In T. Ito and A. Rose (eds.), International Trade in East Asia, NBER-East Asia Seminar on Economics , vol. 14, Univ. of Chicago Press, pp. 253–285.
Masson, P. (1998). Contagion: Monsoonal Effects, Spillovers, and Jumps between Multiple Equilibria. IMF Working Paper, (98/142).
Quaas, G. and Klein, M. (2011). Struktureller Wandel und Krisenbewältigung der deutschen Volkswirtschaft. Wirtschaftsdienst, 91 (3), 186–193.
Spilimbergo, A., Symansky, S. and Schindler, M. (2009). Fiscal Multipliers. IMF Staff Position Note, (09/11).
Stirböck, C. (2006). How Strong is the Impact of Exports and other Demand Components on German Import Demand? Evidence from Euro-Area and Non-Euro-Area Imports. Discussion Paper Series 1: Economic Studies, (39).
Van Rijckeghem, C. and Weder, B. (2001). Sources of Contagion: Finance or Trade? Journal of International Economics, 54 (2), 293–308.


Do you feel lonely? You are not alone.
With ever expanding avenues and opportunities for connection that technology provides, we may expect loneliness to be a thing of the past – but unfortunately that is far from the truth.
Loneliness can be defined as a subjective, unwelcome feeling of lack or loss of companionship. It happens when we have a mismatch between the quantity and quality of social relationships that we have, and those that we want (Perlman and Peplau, 1981).
This lack of connection and companionship varies in severity – from a feeling that comes and goes, happens primarily at certain times (like holidays), or it could be something you feel most of the time. Loneliness can be classified as emotional (when we miss a particular person and their companionship) or social (when we miss a wider group or network of friends).
Exposure and attention for the significance and severity of lack of connection has been increasing, with Britain recently appointing a 'Minister of Loneliness' to provide support and education on the subject.
Studies have found that as many as 1 in 4 people feel like they have no one they can talk to – with over 50% of respondents saying that they felt that no one actually knew them well, and another 40% indicating that they felt isolated from others. When reading the stats, I originally was surprised – but if I reflect honestly on my own personal life, I can identify periods where I can relate to their sentiments.
But one thing that truly shocked me, was how significant a health impact loneliness (something I assumed was much less widespread or serious) could have – being associated with similar mortality rate as those who smoked 15 or more cigarettes a day (Holt-Lunstad, 2015), and greater than the health risks of being obese.
All this to say – loneliness is serious stuff.
We as humans are wired for connection – the occasional tinge of loneliness is a healthy biological signal to build stronger social relationships. It is our bodies way of reaching for what we need to survive – and that's a great thing. However, when it becomes chronic it has the ability to wreak havoc.
Has there ever been a time in your life when you felt like there was no one you could talk to or count on? How did you resolve that? What does loneliness look like to you? Does technology help you to feel more or less connected to others? Would love to hear your thoughts below!
This might sound odd, coming from a catholic priest, viz, in answer to Your question: 'Has there ever been a time in your life when you felt like there was no one you could talk to or count on?' I answer Yes.
In this, I know and acknowledge that there WERE people with whom I was relating, yet the point is that I wanted somebody with whom I relate at Depth.
Happily, have come out of all that happily and with satisfaction.
As Laura says, my Dear Friends and Fellow Sufferers, We are Not alone. And Loneliness Can be overcome. Here's wishing All of us All the Best.
Yesudas – thank you so much for sharing your experience and light! It really hit home for me when you expressed that when you felt alone it was a matter of depth of connection. What insight!
I'm aware of the recent studies revealing the physical effects of being alone, and I have to say that they scare me.
I don't feel lonely all that much, because I know how to entertain myself. I know how to live and survive on my own.
However, there are some times when I feel alone. The one that hurts most is when I feel that way among other people.
Im so glad you shared, thank you for that. Even in the middle of a busy social calendar I too sometimes feel alone – and sometimes that feels very restorative, and sometimes it feels more difficult. I think its a very natural thing to feel, and is a good indicator that perhaps we are needing some deeper connection points. One thing I have done in my life, was I picked 3 people I made sure I connected with weekly… and it helped me to cultivate deeper more vulnerable relationships that were reciprocal. It didnt shift my perspective overnight, but over time it really really helped. I hope you come with me on this journey – would love to hear how it goes for you!
3 people seems like A LOT, but definitely something I could try. Thanks for the idea.
Even start with one! Would love to hear how it goes for you, if you try it out. Good luck!
Looking fwd to learning more about your project!
Thank you so much! Fingers crossed you'll join in the conversation.
As I've stated before, many of my closet connections are via technology. I've moved often in my adult life, so close friends in up somewhere else from me. With today's busy lifestyles, I've often ended up doing a lot alone. Now though I enjoy my alone time. My intention though is to end up more in community.
Thanks for sharing your insights, Katelon!
I hear you! I also really love my alone time – its a balancing act finding the amount of community/connection that resonates with you. Loneliness is only when there is that 'mismatch' between reality and the amount of connection we want. Sometimes I find in my life, it gets more pronounced when Im in a time of need vs when Im flourishing.


South Shore Networks provides VOIP Telephony and networking support for small business as well as PC troubleshooting and repair. Onsite and shop services are available in the San Diego, CA and South of Boston, MA areas and remote services nationwide.
Would saving 50 to 70% on your phone bill and having an efficient network help your business?


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Q: Let $A = \{ r_1 r_2 e^{i\phi_3} + r_2 r_3 e^{i\phi_1} + z\,r_3 r_1 e^{i\phi_2} \} $ ,what is $A$? Let $A = \{ r_1 r_2 e^{i\phi_3} + r_2 r_3 e^{i\phi_1} + z\,r_3 r_1 e^{i\phi_2}  \} $
such that
$r_1,r_2,r_3\in \mathbb{R}$ and fixed, and $\phi_1 + \phi_2 + \phi_3 = 0$ and, $\left| z \right| = 1$
Can we prove that, $A$ is the  closed equilateral triangle whose vertices are the cube
roots of z?


China is one of the most important peanut producing countries in the world, and its total output, consumption and export are in the first place. Peanuts are widely used in the processing of various edible vegetable oils, and the degreased protein powder of peanut cake can be processed into various dairy products.
Margarine, blending oil and salad oil can not be separated from oil production as their important raw materials. Peanuts can be eaten directly after shelling, and can also be processed into various products, greatly improving the economic benefits of peanuts.
Whether it is simply shelled food, or refined into a variety of delicious food, peanuts must be shelled processing, shelling is an essential part of the peanut to play its important value. Microwave drying machinery and equipment.
Peanut sheller is a machine for removing peanuts from peanut pod and obtaining peanut kernel. Because peeling requires that the moisture content of peanuts be reduced to a certain extent, it is not possible to peel peanuts together in the field to achieve a complete combined harvest of peanuts. Some developed countries adopt two-stage harvesting method to harvest peanuts. Although the moisture content of peanuts is reduced by drying in the field, it can not be shelled and stored at the same time. At present, the peanut sheller widely used in China is the rubbing drum concave plate screen structure.
Its working principle is: when peanut enters the shelling gap of the sheller, the shell of peanut is broken because of repeated rubbing and rubbing by the shelling roller, and the peanut kernel comes out from the gap of the concave grid to achieve the purpose of shelling peanut.
However, this peeling method can not adapt to many varieties of peanut in China, and the peeling mechanism is a non-flexible mechanism; moreover, if the peeled peanut kernel is mixed with the peanut shell and the incomplete peeled peanut, the peeled peanut kernel will be easily damaged. Although it reduces labor and improves production efficiency, the quality of shell peeling is relatively low, the breakage rate of peanut kernel is higher, and the cost of peanut processing is also higher.
This cutting machine is a new type peanut cutting machine developed by our factory according to foreign technology. Raw peanuts and half grains can be machined and cut evenly, reducing waste and easy operation. The machine is composed of a silo, a vibrating feeding device, a cutting machine, a cutting roller and a discharge screen. Cut into half peanut strips.


The study of orthopaedics and fractures is hugely important to every undergraduate medical student, and it is difficult finding the right textbook that will give them a sufficient level of knowledge and help them through their examinations. "Textbook of Orthopaedics" is just such a book, giving more than enough information, while at the same time focussing on the main goal - passing the orthopaedics exam. The book is divided into 8 sections, which deal with the obligatory, standard areas of study, such as general orthopaedics, regional injuries, and both traumatic and non-traumatic disorders. But there are also innovative sections which discuss amputations, prosthetics, sports medicine, arthroplasty and arthroscopy, and the final section of appendices gives information about orthopaedic implants and instrumentation in common use, as well as tips and hints for practical exam sessions. The book is very "student friendly" with numerous excellent pedagogical features - diagrams, end of chapter summaries, flow charts, mnemonics, differential shading of tables and columns, anecdotes, jokes, and historical references. X-rays are found at the end of each chapter and there is also a focus on back ache, a very common orthopaedic problem often neglected by other textbooks. In short "Textbook of Orthopaedics" is an exam-oriented textbook designed and written specifically for medical undergraduates.


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Jennifer Lopez, Marc Anthony Bring Hilarity to Kohl's Campaign
Now this is funny! It's always a crap shoot when a brand selects a celebrity to represent it in an ad campaign. Mostly because it's never believable the celebrity would actually purchase the product or service they're representing. Not that that's any different with Kohl's and Jennifer Lopez but they way these new McCann Erickson-created Kohl's commercials link Lopez and the brand, it's mostly irrelevant.
The campaign, promoting new clothing lines from Lopez and Marc Anthony was conceived prior to the couple's split. In one commercial, Lopez is blocked by a security guard from entering Kohl's headquarters because he doesn't know who she is. Thankfully Lopez doesn't throw the predictable celebrity hissy fit, rather subtly tries to remind the guard of her fame. It doesn't work. But the low key humor does.
Another commercial features Lopez annoying some Kohl's employees by incessantly clicking her pen. Again, the slowly building humor works.
Anthony appears in two commercials. The first has him fighting with a Kuereg which refuses to brew his coffee even though, as demonstrated by a Kohl's employee, there's absolutely nothing wrong with the coffee maker. In the second, Anthony answers a phone at the Kohl's reception desk...without any help from that security guard who had no idea who Lopez was.
We like the whole understated, celebrity-is-irrelevant approach taken by this campaign. Obviously the use of Lopez and Anthony gives the campaign notoriety but the way they are portrayed prevents the campaign from becoming your typical, also-ran, celebrities-rule-the-world approach most other brands take. At which they fail miserably.
Kudos to the team behind this work.
by Steve Hall Aug-31-11 Click to Comment
Topic: Brands, Campaigns, Celebrity, Commercials, Creative Commentary


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Church Citizens' Voice
Sathyajwala
SMC4U(Gujarath)
Strive for unity through brotherhood! Lessons from Christchurch
by Isaac_gomes · 30/03/2019
A makeshift memorial to the victims of last week's mass chooting in Christchurch, New Zealand, on Tuesday, March 19, 2019. The man accused of carrying out the attack that killed 50 people at two mosques in Christchurch last week is expected to represent himself in court, but the country's prime minister said on Tuesday that she wants to do everything possible to deny him the attention he craves. (Adam Dean/The New York Times)
This report is published for two reasons:
1. To remind all the importance of the IDES OF MARCH, which is on March 15, 44 BC when the historic murder of Julius Caesar took place led by his friend Brutus, which gave rise to the exclamation: "You too Brutus!"
2. The Ghost of terror all over the world where Cane killing Abel – brother killing brother continues its brutal march which exploded again on the last Ides of March(15) in New Zealand.
Most important are the answers the writer gives to the question: So what do we learn from Christchurch? Read them carefully and prayerfully till you take the decision not to stop until you win. james kottoor editor ccv.
By Syeda Hamid
In India, Secular Parties Need to Invoke the Freedom Struggle's Inclusive Ideals: Lessons from Christchurch
There is something ominous about the Ides of March. That day in 44 BC, Julius Caesar was assassinated by his entire senate, and the attack was led by his best friend Brutus. World War II was sparked that day when Hitler invaded Czechoslovakia. The Syrian war erupted on the same day. And, on the same date, in Christchurch, New Zealand, a man walked into a mosque where people had gathered to offer Friday prayers: Armed with two automatics, he sprayed them with bullets. While shooting innocents, he was also filmed the incident on a camera attached to his helmet.
The world rose to condemn the incident, led by New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern. It was called an "act of a mentally deranged white supremacist". No one called it Christian terror. No one equated it with religion, nor quoted the Bible. Had the assassin been Muslim, though, it would have been labelled Islamic and all efforts made to misquote the Quran. Demonisation of Muslims would trend everywhere.
The mass killing in New Zealand's Al Noor mosque triggered an instant response from a Queensland senator, in Australia: Fraser Anning not only justified, but valourised the 28-year-old fellow Australian killer, Brenton Harrison Tarrant. In a statement published on an official letterhead, Anning averred that the growing fear in Australia and New Zealand of increasing Muslim presence was bound to result in such an act. He condemned New Zealand's immigration policy and said: "Islam is unlike any other faith… it is a religion of fascism". He described the Prophet as "A 6th Century despot masquerading as a religious leader."
Ironically, Australia and New Zealand are known for their usurpation of land rights and harsh treatment of the aboriginal people, the Maoris. Civilised nations the world over have a history of snatching the rights of the First Peoples in their quest for new lands and conquests. But history is usually forgotten and recalled only when an incident such as Christchurch uncovers the dirt that lies beneath the veneer of modernity.
Across the world, the aim is to not to equate terror with any religion. Even extreme right wingers have said it, albeit under political compulsion. Personally, I don't think of Christchurch in terms of Christian terror. Nor do I think of the killing of Jews in Pittsburg or Christians in Charleston as Islamic terror. Nor do I think of Malegaon as Hindu terror.
So what do we learn from Christchurch, Brenton Harrison Tarrant and Fraser Anning?
We learn that human depravity has seeped into some minds everywhere in the world. In India, it showed up in Nuh which saw the lynching of Rakbar Khan, in Alwar with the killing of Mohammad Akhlaq, in Rajsamund which saw the lynching of Afrazul, in Ballabhgarh which saw the killing of Junaid, and, in Kathua which saw the rape and murder of an eight-year-old. Our beloved country is being infected with this malaise: It incubates in the hearts of Muslim haters whose mission is to make Bharat "swachh" by obliterating their existence. Political leaders who valorise them now have a new mentor — senator Fraser Anning.
Are we letting this depravity become the new normal? In his commentary and explication of the Quran, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad wrote about all the religions. He said that Hinduism, Christianity, Judaism, Islam all enjoin their adherents to eschew every act of violence and follow the Sirat al-Mustaqim — the straight path of love and compassion for all beings created by God.
I believe in Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru who saw Hindus and Muslims as integral to the idea of India. This is best expressed in the 1923 address of Maulana Azad, the youngest Congress president, where he said that if an angel were to descend from heaven and declare that India will get Swaraj within 24 hours, provided she relinquishes Hindu-Muslim unity, "I will relinquish Swaraj rather than give up Hindu Muslim unity. Delay in attainment of Swaraj will be a loss to India but if our unity is lost it will be a loss to entire humankind". Those were days when such words could be spoken from public platforms without the fear of lynching or assassination. They need to be invoked across the board now by secular, democratic liberal peoples and parties.
India has 180 million Muslims who cannot be swept away by a spate of violence. Globally, 1.5 billion Muslims, most of whom live in 50 Muslim-majority countries, cannot be destroyed by random killings. There is solace in what prophets, philosophers, sufis, have instructed in every text, every language, and every religion. Gandhi said, "There have been tyrants and murderers and for a time they seemed invincible, but in the end they always fall". These words keep me alive.
* Syeda Hameed is a former member of Planning Commission
Source: indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/lessons-from-new-zealand-christchurch-terror-attack-india-secular-5646184/
Poem – The Dead Apple Tree
The importance of the Gujarat polls
KANA CHICAGO – New Website Launched
George Neduparambil says:
The writer has referred to The Bible which I have read. What I noticed is that there is plenty of violence in it where often God takes sides and even sends down angels to do the killing. But to the credit of Bible it must be said that there is a continuous transition from violence to peace, a process that Jesus takes up to the complete exclusion of violence. Of course, he has threatened people that they will be thrown into burning fire of hell but I do not recollect him calling on anyone or giving anyone the right to kill another human being and promising reward for doing so.
I presume that the writer is a Muslim. I have not read the Holy Quran but have watched a number of Malayalam videos available in Youtube put up by Muslim rationalists. There martyrs are promised heaven where there will be 70 virgins and young boys and best of alcohol on offer for them. They also say that there are other verses which call upon followers to kill unbelievers or infidels. If these are true, I would have liked the writer to comment on such verses and their influence of young minds and the potential for exploitation of these verses to egg on/ encourage suicide bombers.
Whatever there is in the holy books of both Christians and Muslims, need to necessarily be applicable for present times. Times were different when these books were written. So, there should be an honest effort from both groups to completely review their books and teach the new generation only things that enable them to live as a world citizen. For example, Jesus had said He is the way and no one reaches the Father except through Him. He said that but didn't do anything to reprograme the minds of people living then and to be born later. I would imagine that Prophet Mohammed may have also said something similar. But still there is only 1.5 billion Muslims in the world as against a population of 9 billion. Apparently there was no reprograming of minds just like in Jesus' time. So what we have ended with is "yours and mine" competitive spirt which is not good at all. Instead the world religious leaders must come to an agreement that all religioms are equally good as ultimately the purpose is to secure a guaranteed after life in comfort. Religions are just different ways to approaching the end. That is all to religion. Will there be takers for such a stand?
Denis Daniel says:
It's an awesome, brilliant and deeply inspiring article. Every reader must read it.
Next story Is Francis led by St. Gallen 'Mafia'? Evidence Pope follows blueprint to change Church by dissident cardinal who led St. Gallen 'mafia'
Previous story Papal ring is in question! To kiss or not to kiss?
George Nedumparambil says:
Beautifully summed up by the commentator. The salvation theology: that Father...
Abraham Koothottil says:
The relevance of Christianity is being blurred out from history. Christian...
I love and deeply admire this article. Lots and lots of...
Rev Fr Cedric Prakash has not answered the issues raised by...
Well said, George.
Isaac_gomes says:
A very incisive and crystal-clear article. Will it make Rip Van...
K J George says:
A must read for every man who has a working head...
Sorry guys; the letter is too long and tiring to read.
Yes James, the caste issue of greater significance for us Catholics...
Repeating: Congratulations and thanks for sending me your article rich and...
Sr Lucy claims she wasn't given an opportunity to explain her...
Extremely biased, one sided and vituperative article. CCV will be losing its...
Jose Kommattam says:
Christ was cruzified for His remarks against His own community. So,...
Sr Lucy is a symbol of women's struggle for respectability if...
I have been a long advocate of abolishing sainthood and instead...
Job Xavier says:
I am all for those who can laugh at all religions...
chhotebhai says:
A rather long review of an even longer diatribe by Kottoor.
The church is living in centuries gone by. They haven't really...
Chhotebhai, you are very baanced in your clarification. I fully agree...
It is sad and surprising to see learned and responsible people...
Interesting to know that a reform movement is active both in...
This sister should be given back every rupee she had turned...
Very thought provoking indeed.
Jesus is also referred to as Son of David. We know...
Brilliant, brave and inspiring.
There are typos in my post. Please read 'S' as 'a'. ...
My reading of Bible makes me lean more towards Muslim's understanding...
A very fine article. It can do immense good to spread...
I thought that I spotted a squint in both his eyes. ...
More Kottoors will be needed to cleanse the system. I am...
A really great scholar and wriiter, Dr. Kottoor can impress one and...
May the bereaved be found just and be with Jesus on...
"Anyone who thinks, sitting in Church can make you a Christian must also think that sitting in a garage can make you a car." Anonymous
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"I was hungry, and you formed a humanities club, and discussed my hunger.
I was imprisoned, and you crept of quietly to your chapel in the cellar and prayed for my release.
I was naked, and in your mind you debated the morality of my appearance.
I was sick, and you knelt and thanked God for your good health.
I was homeless, and you preached to me the spiritual shelter of the love of God.
I was lonely, and you left me alone to pray for me.
You seem so holy, so close to God:
But I am still very hungry, and lonely and cold.
So where have your prayers gone? What have they done?
What does it profit a man to go through his book of prayers, when the rest of the world is crying for help.
-Bob Rawland
CAA and NRC – What is in store for us? A troublesome Future? 21/01/2020
Column: Cabbages & Kings! Section 144 Is Colonial Tool For 'Nationalist' Oppression 20/01/2020
It's a Volley ball Match! Why NRC must be shelved: It will be an expensive, gargantuan, pointless exercise that could trigger civil war in the worst case! 20/01/2020
Live the day on your best judgment! Deepika Padukone, a Prophet from Bollywood 20/01/2020
HIGHER THE INTELLIGENCE, LARGER THE BLIND SPOT? 18/01/2020
CAA, NRC are issues! George Responds to Pamplanil! 17/01/2020
Varsity students are the leading LIGHTS today!! Never has a government been so anti-people in India! 17/01/2020
Pamplanil Reacts to George on CAA and nefarious intentions of the people in charge of governance 12/01/2020
SUPREME COURT OF INDIA – INTERNET A FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT 11/01/2020
Climbers or Alpiners, who are they? – Fr. Peter Daly, in NCR, Dec 9, 2019 10/01/2020
CAA: BJP plan to win over Christian clergy flops 08/01/2020
Students flee 3 universities of national importance! Unmask this: Students fearing violence have recently fled three universities of national importance. Why? 08/01/2020
For finding out India's 'cover-up villains' read this! A Bull-fight to Finish! 08/01/2020
Rejoinder to George Neduperambil's letter of 7th January 2020 to the Editor 07/01/2020
Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) 07/01/2020
Ethnic Indian churches struggle to retain young Indian American Christians within the fold! 04/01/2020
Illegal migration is wrong, not one's Religion! BJP leader: 'Netaji would support anti-CAA protests' 03/01/2020
Writer cites conflicting quotes from Modiji! Whose government is running the country? Who is lying? 03/01/2020
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