text:
Q: Python Anaconda Proxy Setup via .condarc file on Windows I am having trouble going through a proxy for Anaconda install conda on a Windows 7 machine. How do I use a proxy?
http://conda.pydata.org/docs/config.html
the above link is broken, use this one instead

A: On Windows 10 you need to set up additionally the domain name in the .condarc:
channels:
  - admin

show_channel_urls: true
allow_other_channels: true

proxy_servers:
  http: http://domainname\username:password@proxyserver:port
  https: http://domainname\username:password@proxyserver:port

ssl_verify: true

A: I had to create a .condarc file at the C:\Users\username folder.
Use copy con .condarc file if it does not exist at folder above.
File content is:
proxy_servers:
    http: http://username:password@corp.com:8080
    https: https://username:password@corp.com:8080

Two notes:

*

*Do not use tabs, there must be space between http: and http://...

*You might not have a username and password for the proxy. Leave out the username:password part and it will still work

A: On windows 10 machine also. Following accepted answer's format gives a load error, invalid YAML.
Changing '//' to '\' fixed the issue for me.
proxy_servers:
  http: http:\username:password@corp.com:8080
  https: https:\username:password@corp.com:8080

A: In my case on a linux machine behind a McAfee web-gateway proxy, only the following setup worked for conda (I removed the http proxy):
hostname:~ # cat .condarc
proxy_servers:
  https: https://domain\user:password@server:port
hostname# conda install tensorflow
Solving environment: done
Package Plan
environment location: /anaconda3
added / updated specs:
    - tensorflow
The following packages will be downloaded:
package                    |            build
---------------------------|-----------------
markdown-3.0.1             |           py36_0         107 KB
gast-0.2.0                 |           py36_0          15 KB
libprotobuf-3.6.0          |       hdbcaa40_0         4.1 MB
protobuf-3.6.0             |   py36hf484d3e_0         610 KB
conda-4.5.12               |           py36_0         1.0 MB
termcolor-1.1.0            |           py36_1           7 KB
tensorflow-base-1.9.0      |mkl_py36h2ca6a6a_0        75.7 MB
grpcio-1.12.1              |   py36hdbcaa40_0         1.7 MB
astor-0.7.1                |           py36_0          43 KB
tensorboard-1.9.0          |   py36hf484d3e_0         3.3 MB
tensorflow-1.9.0           |mkl_py36h6d6ce78_1           3 KB
absl-py-0.6.1              |           py36_0         152 KB
_tflow_190_select-0.0.3    |              mkl           2 KB
------------------------------------------------------------
                                       Total:        86.7 MB

The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:
_tflow_190_select: 0.0.3-mkl
absl-py:           0.6.1-py36_0
astor:             0.7.1-py36_0
gast:              0.2.0-py36_0
grpcio:            1.12.1-py36hdbcaa40_0
libprotobuf:       3.6.0-hdbcaa40_0
markdown:          3.0.1-py36_0
protobuf:          3.6.0-py36hf484d3e_0
tensorboard:       1.9.0-py36hf484d3e_0
tensorflow:        1.9.0-mkl_py36h6d6ce78_1
tensorflow-base:   1.9.0-mkl_py36h2ca6a6a_0
termcolor:         1.1.0-py36_1

The following packages will be UPDATED:
conda:             4.5.4-py36_0             --> 4.5.12-py36_0

Proceed ([y]/n)? y
Downloading and Extracting Packages
markdown-3.0.1       |  107 KB | ####################################### | 100%
gast-0.2.0           |   15 KB | ####################################### | 100%
libprotobuf-3.6.0    |  4.1 MB | ####################################### | 100%
protobuf-3.6.0       |  610 KB | ####################################### | 100%
conda-4.5.12         |  1.0 MB | ####################################### | 100%
termcolor-1.1.0      |    7 KB | ####################################### | 100%
tensorflow-base-1.9. | 75.7 MB | ####################################### | 100%
grpcio-1.12.1        |  1.7 MB | ####################################### | 100%
astor-0.7.1          |   43 KB | ####################################### | 100%
tensorboard-1.9.0    |  3.3 MB | ####################################### | 100%
tensorflow-1.9.0     |    3 KB | ####################################### | 100%
absl-py-0.6.1        |  152 KB | ####################################### | 100%
_tflow_190_select-0. |    2 KB | ####################################### | 100%
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done


The Missoni and Adidas Running limited edition collaboration includes an array of Ultraboost sneakers and apparel.
Whether you love Jane Austen or George R.R. Martin your literary taste can inform your fragrance choice.
Taylor Swift's dip-dyed lengths go well with the cryptic Instagrams she's been posting in the lead-up to a potential album release.
Gigi Hadid celebrated her 24th birthday with a stylish party in New York City, which brought out guests like Taylor Swift and supermodel sister Bella.
See Dua Lipa pull off one of those meme-worthy Viktor & Rolf gowns IRL.
The annual SIHH (Salon International de la Haute Horlogerie) and Baselworld shows, respectively held in Geneva and Basel, are not for the faint of heart.
Ali Wong cowrote and stars in "Always Be My Maybe," and the trailer gives us hope that Wong is bringing her signature raunchy humor to the rom-com revival.
Millenial shoppers, this collection of whimsical dresses is for you.
Daniel Arnold captures all the splendor and absurdity of New York City's Easter Parade for Vogue.
Tennant alleges in court documents that Walton pinned her down and forced himself on her in a hotel room.


Clinics provide medical care and opportunities to share the gospel.
Help pay the rent for Strong Hearts School.
Help campus ministry teams reach tomorrow's leaders for Christ.
Support nationals serving as interns with Roots campus ministry.
Support nationals serving as interns with La Ruta campus ministry.
Support the national campus ministers on Globalscope's teams.
Provide a home for women at risk of prostitution and begging.
Provide support staff for Hareg House.
Provide funds for the women in the Hareg House program.


text:
Biografia
Fisher è nata a Mascate, nell'Oman, da genitori scozzesi, Brian Fisher, che all'epoca vi svolgeva la professione di banchiere per conto delle Nazioni Unite, ed Elspeth Reid. È stata chiamata Isla dal nome dell'isola di Islay, la principale dell'arcipelago scozzese delle Ebridi Interne. Pochi mesi dopo la propria nascita, ritorna assieme ai genitori in Scozia, presso la loro cittadina natia di Bathgate, per poi ritrasferirsi in pianta stabile a Perth, nell'Australia Occidentale, quando non aveva che sei anni d'età.

All'età di diciotto anni scrive, con la collaborazione della madre, due romanzi intitolati Bewitched e Seduced by Fame. Lavora per alcuni anni nella soap opera Home and Away.
Nel 2001 si fa notare nel film tedesco The Pool mentre l'anno seguente recita nel film Scooby-Doo. Dopo aver recitato nel film I Heart Huckabees - Le strane coincidenze della vita si fa notare nella divertente commedia 2 single a nozze - Wedding Crashers. Nel 2005 recita nel drammatico London e nel 2007 nel film Sguardo nel vuoto.

Nel 2008 prende parte alla commedia romantica Certamente, forse, con Ryan Reynolds, e in seguito è protagonista di I Love Shopping, commedia tratta dall'omonimo romanzo di Sophie Kinsella, al fianco di Hugh Dancy. Nel 2012 recita nel film The Wedding Party. Nel 2013 recita in Il grande Gatsby di Baz Luhrmann, in Now You See Me - I maghi del crimine di Louis Leterrier e in Scambio a sorpresa - Life of Crime di Daniel Schechter, mentre nel 2016 è interprete di Grimsby - Attenti a quell'altro di Leterrier.

Vita privata
Nel 2004 si fidanza con l'attore Sacha Baron Cohen. La coppia ha tre figli, Olive (ottobre 2007), Elula (agosto 2010) e Montgomery Moses Brian (aprile 2015). La coppia si è sposata il 15 marzo 2010 a Parigi, e, prima del matrimonio, la Fisher si è convertita alla religione ebraica.

Filmografia

Attrice

Cinema
 Out of Depth, regia di Simon Marshall (2000)
The Pool (Swimming Pool - Der Tod feiert mit), regia di Boris von Sychowski (2001)
Scooby-Doo, regia di Raja Gosnell (2002)
The Wannabes, regia di Nick Giannopoulos (2003)
 Dallas 362, regia di Scott Caan (2003)
 I Heart Huckabees - Le strane coincidenze della vita (I Heart Huckabees), regia di David O. Russell (2004)
 2 single a nozze - Wedding Crashers (Wedding Crashers), regia di David Dobkin (2005)
 London, regia di Hunter Richards (2005)
 Matrimonio per sbaglio (The Pleasure of Your Company), regia di Michael Ian Black (2006)
 Sguardo nel vuoto (The Lookout), regia di Scott Frank (2007)
 Hot Rod - Uno svitato in moto (Hot Rod), regia di Akiva Schaffer (2007)
 Certamente, forse (Definitely, Maybe), regia di Adam Brooks (2008)
 I Love Shopping (Confessions of a Shopaholic), regia di P. J. Hogan (2009)
 Ladri di cadaveri - Burke & Hare (Burke & Hare), regia di John Landis (2010)
 The Wedding Party (Bachelorette), regia di Leslye Headland (2012)
 Il grande Gatsby (The Great Gatsby), regia di Baz Luhrmann (2013)
 Now You See Me - I maghi del crimine (Now You See Me), regia di Louis Leterrier (2013)
 Scambio a sorpresa - Life of Crime (Life of Crime), regia di Daniel Schechter (2013)
 Visions, regia di Kevin Greutert (2015)
 Klovn Forever, regia di Mikkel Nørgaard (2015)
 Grimsby - Attenti a quell'altro (The Brothers Grimsby), regia di Louis Leterrier (2016)
Animali notturni (Nocturnal Animals), regia di Tom Ford (2016)
 Le spie della porta accanto (Keeping Up with the Joneses), regia di Greg Mottola (2016)
 Prendimi! (Tag), regia di Jeff Tomsic (2018)
 Beach Bum - Una vita in fumo (The Beach Bum), regia di Harmony Korine (2019)
 Greed - Fame di soldi (Greed), regia di Michael Winterbottom (2019)
 Mia moglie è un fantasma (Blithe Spirit), regia di Edward Hall (2020)
 Fata madrina cercasi (Godmothered), regia di Sharon Maguire (2020)

Televisione
Clowning Around 2, regia di George Whaley – film TV (1993)
Bay City – serie TV (1993)
Paradise Beach – serie TV, episodi 1x101-1x130-1x139 (1993-1994)
Home and Away – serie TV, 390 episodi (1994-1997)
Oliver Twist – miniserie TV, episodi 1x2-1x3-1x4 (1999)
Sunburn – serie TV, episodi 2x1 (2000)
Hearts and Bones – serie TV, episodi 1x1 (2000)
Attila, l'unno (Attila) – miniserie TV (2001)
Bob Martin – serie TV, episodi 2x4 (2001)
BeastMaster – serie TV, episodi 3x17 (2002)
Pilot Season – miniserie TV, episodi 1x6 (2004)
Bored to Death - Investigatore per noia (Bored to Death) – serie TV, episodi 3x7-3x8 (2011)
Angie Tribeca – serie TV, episodi 4x2 (2018)
Arrested Development - Ti presento i miei (Arrested Development) – serie TV, 15 episodi (2013-2019)
Curb Your Enthusiasm – serie TV, episodi 10x5 (2020)
Wolf Like Me – serie TV, episodi 1x6 -in corso (2022)

Doppiatrice
 Professoressa Losà in Ortone e il mondo dei Chi
 Borlotta in Rango
 Dentolina in Le 5 leggende

Doppiatrici italiane
Federica De Bortoli in The Pool, 2 single a nozze - Wedding Crashers, Sguardo nel vuoto, Hot Rod - Uno svitato in moto, Certamente, forse, I Love Shopping, Ladri di cadaveri - Burke & Hare, The Wedding Party, Now You See Me - I maghi del crimine, Scambio a sorpresa - Life of Crime, Grimsby - Attenti a quell'altro, Le spie della porta accanto, Prendimi!, Fata madrina cercasi, Mia moglie è un fantasma
Valentina Mari in Scooby-Doo, Beach Bum - Una vita in fumo
Benedetta Ponticelli in Matrimonio per sbaglio
Rossella Acerbo in Paradise Beach
Gabriella Borri ne Il grande Gatsby
Loretta Di Pisa in Arrested Development - Ti presento i miei
 Daniela Abbruzzese in Visions
Antonella Baldini in Animali notturni
Da doppiatrice è sostituita:
Giuppy Izzo in Ortone e il mondo dei Chi, Rango
Federica De Bortoli in Le 5 leggende

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Attori televisivi australiani
Attori bambini australiani
Ebrei australiani

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Who knew there were so many types of Metal Boning available? If you use boning for making bras, corsets, costumes, waist cinchers, or compression wear, you are in the right place. Our collection is among the best in the world. Our customers love our selection, you will too!
There are two main types of metal bones; Spiral Boning and flat, Spring Steel Metal Boning. Spiral Boning is made of thin aluminium wire, wound into a spiral, then squashed flat. It looks like a flattened Slinky toy! We sell Spiral Boning both by the metre and in pre-cut lengths from 4″ (10 cm) and up. Our other type of Metal Boning is flat, coated steel, often called Spring Steel. That is because of its ability to spring back. We offer flat steel boning in two widths, 1/4″ (6 mm) and 1/2″ (12.5 mm). Plus, we have many lengths, in both a lighter weight and a heavier, stronger weight of steel. We sell only powder-coated flat bones, so they will resist rust.
If using the Spiral Boning by the metre, you will need to seal the sharp, cut ends. We carry 2 products, Sprial Boning Caps and Heat Shrink.


text:
Botshabelo [] (Sesotho, dt.: "Zuflucht") ist eine Stadt in der südafrikanischen Provinz Freistaat. Sie liegt in der Metropolgemeinde Mangaung. Trotz seiner hohen Einwohnerzahl ist Botshabelo nur auf wenigen Landkarten verzeichnet.

Geographie
Botshabelo hat 181.712 Einwohner (Volkszählung 2011). Die Stadt liegt rund 50 Kilometer östlich von Bloemfontein südlich der Nationalstraße N8, die nach Maseru in Lesotho führt. Die Bevölkerung besteht vor allem aus Basotho und Xhosa.

Botshabelo liegt im meist recht flachen, baumarmen südafrikanischen Highveld auf rund 1400 Metern über dem Meeresspiegel.

Wenige Kilometer östlich von Botshabelo liegt die Stadt Thaba Nchu.

Geschichte
Im Zuge der Apartheid wurde 1976 in der Nähe von Thaba Nchu das Lager Kromdraai als Siedlung für Schwarze gegründet. Das Gebiet kam 1977 zum damaligen Homeland Bophuthatswana, das als Wohnort für Batswana vorgesehen war, so dass die dort lebenden Basotho und Xhosa eine neue Bleibe suchen mussten. 1979 wurde das Lager von der Polizei Bophuthatswanas aufgelöst. Der damalige Premierminister des rund 200 Kilometer entfernten Basotho-Homelands QwaQwa, Tsiame Kenneth Mopeli, organisierte eine Fläche auf dem Gebiet der früheren Farm Onverwacht, westlich des zu Bophuthatswana gehörenden Gebietes, auf dem die neue Township errichtet wurde. Um 1980 bürgerte sich für die Siedlung der Name Botshabelo ein. Die Township wurde nach Soweto die zweitgrößte ihrer Art in Südafrika. Botshabelo wurde am 2. Dezember 1987 gegen den Willen der Mehrheit ihrer Bewohner nach QwaQwa eingegliedert, wodurch sich dessen Einwohnerzahl ungefähr verdoppelte. 1994 wurde QwaQwa aufgelöst und im Jahre 2000 wurde Botshabelo Teil der Gemeinde Mangaung.

Die Slumsiedlung Onverwacht erlangte wegen ihrer extrem skandalösen Lebensverhältnisse in den 1980er Jahren im In- und Ausland Aufmerksamkeit. Das beruhte auf dem Umstand, dass die Bewohner mancher Umsiedlungslager, so auch hier, in keinem Verantwortungsbereich von Chiefs lagen und Homelandregierungen oder die "weiße" Eingeborenenverwaltung sich nicht zuständig fühlten. Dadurch bestand dort kein Anrecht auf die Einrichtung und Nutzung  von Communal Land, was für Bewohner die Möglichkeit einfacher Lebensgrundlagen bedeutet hätte. Die desaströsen Lebensumstände an diesem Ort gaben Anlass dazu, sogar in Publikationen während des Apartheidsystems darüber zu referieren.

2011 kam Botshabelo zur Metropolgemeinde Mangaung.

Wirtschaft und Verkehr
Botshabelo ist seit seiner Gründung ein Wohnort für Schwarze, die in Bloemfontein arbeiten. Seither haben sich dort rund 140 Fabriken angesiedelt, überwiegend aus der Textilverarbeitung. Die Stadt liegt trotz ihrer hohen Einwohnerzahl abseits der wichtigen Verkehrswege. Nördlich verlaufen in Ost-West-Richtung die Nationalstraße N8 und die Bahnstrecke Bloemfontein–Bethlehem, die planmäßig nur noch im Güterverkehr betrieben wird.

Sehenswürdigkeiten
 Südwestlich der Stadt liegen der Stausee Rustfontein Dam und das Naturschutzgebiet Rustfontein Nature Reserve.

Sonstiges
 Ein Museumsdorf der Ndebele in der Provinz Mpumalanga und ein Projekt zur Unterstützung von AIDS-Kranken in Midrand in der Provinz Gauteng heißen ebenfalls Botshabelo.

Persönlichkeiten
 Masabata Klaas (* 1991), Cricketspielerin

Weblinks

 South African History Online: Onverwacht. auf www.sahistory.org.za (englisch)
  (englisch)
 Informationen, vor allem Fotos, zu Botshabelo (englisch)

Einzelnachweise

Ort in der Provinz Freistaat
Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality
Ort in Afrika


Hellraiser Release- November 3rd at 3pm!
Powerful and intense, Hellraiser lives up to its name. Deep golden with a white head, it gets its distinct character from pale ale and specialty malts, Belgian hops, coriander and orange peel. A high-gravity Belgian yeast rounds out its character.
FOOD PAIRINGS: Hellraiser pairs well with gouda or a creamy blue cheese, and most poultry and seafood. Try it with slow braised pork.


text:
Healthtech venture funding in Europe almost doubled in 2021
Venture investment in healthcare nearly doubled in Europe last year, rising from $8.4 billion (€7.4bn) in 2020 to $13.9 billion (€12.2bn) in 2021, according to a report by Silicon Valley Bank (SVB).
The annual Healthcare Investments and Exits report found that healthtech funding in Europe almost doubled from $1.36 billion (€1.2bn) in 2020 to $2.6 billion (€2.2bn) in 2021.
European investment in medical devices was particularly strong – rising threefold from $773 million (€681) in 2020 to $2.3 billion (€2.02bn) in 2021. The combined health tech and medical device markets in Europe saw a 150% increase in funding.
Biopharma also had a boost in venture investment from $4.6 billion (€4.06bn) in 2020 to almost $6.6 billion (€5.8bn) in 2021.
Although medical diagnostics and tools companies (dx/tools) trailed the other healthcare sectors, the UK continued to be a hot bed for deals in this area with 20 seed/Series A deals.
Overall dx/tool investment saw a new record with the number of European financings rising from $145 million (€128m) in 2020 up to $210 million (€186m) in 2021.
The report from SVB features analysis and data from Europe, the US and globally relating to new records set by venture capitalist (VC) backed exits and healthcare funding/investment in 2021, reflecting demand created by the COVID-19 pandemic.
THE LARGER CONTEXT
New venture funds allocated to healthcare in 2021 almost doubled 2020's record with investment into companies exceeding $86 billion (€75.8bn) in the EU and the US.
SVB predicts that venture healthcare investment in EU and US companies will total around $64 billion (€56.5bn) in 2022 as VCs slow down their deal pace but continue to invest from recently closed funds.
Big scorers in 2021 included British surgical robotics firm CMR Surgical, which scored $600 million (€529m) in a Series D round led by SoftBank Vision Fund 2 and co-led by Ally Bridge Group.
Also, Swedish digital healthcare firm Kry, closed a $300 million (€264m) Series D round led by CPP Investments (CPPIB) and Fidelity Management & Research LLC.
Other significant funding announcements in 2021 came from French biotechnology company Mnemo Therapeutics, which completed a €75 million ($90 million) Series A financing round and Swiss diet and lifestyle coaching scaleup Oviva, which raised €67 million ($80m) in Series C funding to expand its digital diabetes treatment across Europe.
SVB head of life sciences and healthcare UK, Nooman Haque, said: "2021 was the strongest year for investment into European life sciences and was especially strong in healthtech and medical devices which, on a combined basic saw a 150% increase in funding to $4.8. billion [€4.2bn].
"Companies like Kry from Sweden and CMR Surgical based in the UK led the way. These significant increases reflect how the ongoing pandemic has increased demand for healthcare overall and also changed, permanently, the way healthcare is structured and consumed."
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Cybersecurity co Pentera raises $150m at $1b valuation

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The spas on Mallorca provide a variety of treatments that allow for you to feel relaxed and invigorated. Digame Mallorca aims to provide you with an independent guide to some of the top spas on this beautiful island of ours. We want to ensure that we provide you with all the information that you will need to enable you to get the right treatments, in the right location, with the facilities and activities that you may like to experience and to showcase what these great spas have to offer.
Our website also allows our readers to upload independent reviews and comment on each spa experience, so have a look and let us know your thoughts if you have visited a spa on the island or if we don´t have your favorite on our website let us know and we´ll see about getting them on the site. If Spa´s aren´t your thing then why not check out the other activities listed on our website.
Enjoy, relax and allow yourself to be indulged.
Bodhana offers a wide range of treatments, classes and courses in its centers within the South West of Mallorca. With Bodhana you can achieve achieve greater consciousness and well-being.
Son Mascaro Mobile Massage Mallorca will come to you so you can receive your treatment privately in the comfort of your home, holiday home or on your boat. The best way to relax your body and soul!


text:
Global News Everyday | Latest Breaking News
Home Weird Bible prophecy fulfilled as 'first red heifer in 2,000 years born in...
Bible prophecy fulfilled as 'first red heifer in 2,000 years born in Israel'
GlobalNewsEveryday
The Temple Institute announced the birth of an entirely red female calf that "brings the promise of reinstating Biblical purity to the world".Red heifers feature in end times tales in both Christianity and Judaism.The cow's birth and sacrifice is said to proceed the construction of the Third Temple in Jerusalem.And the Third Temple's construction – following the destruction of the previous two – heralds the arrival of the Jewish Messiah.While some Evangelical Christian theologians have linked the building of the Third Temple to Judgement Day.Rabbi Chain Richman, director of the Temple Institute, hailed the red heifer's birth as suggestions the time could be right for the Third Temple.
"The appearance of a red heifer in these waning end times is a forerunner of the Messiah"
Rabbi Chain Richman
The Temple Institute announced the birth of the red heifer on their YouTube page with the video "Red heifer candidate born in Israel".
It includes a video of the red calf and its mother – revealing "a perfectly red heifer was born in the land of Israel".
The cow went under "extensive examination by rabbinical experts" who confirmed she is a "viable candidate for the Biblical red heifer".
They admitted however the cow could be disqualified through natural causes.
GETTYMESSIAH: Could the birth of the red heifer prelude to the Jewish saviour?
Temple Institute bosses founded their Raise a Red Heifer in Israel program three years ago and have trying to breed a perfectly red cow.Frozen embryos of red angus cows have been imported and implanted into traditional Israeli domestic cows, reports Breaking Israel News.The newborn red heifer was verified by a board of rabbis from the Temple Institute as fulfilling the prophesied requirements.
Prophecy in the Hebrew Bible states the cow must be red "without blemish", must not have worked.
YOUTUBE/TEMPLEINSTITUTERED HEIFER: Is this baby calf really the prophesied cow before the construction of the temple?
YOUTUBE/TEMPLEINSTITUEPROPHECY: Rabbis inspected the red heifer and confirmed its purity according to the institute
It is claimed there have only been nine true red heifers – and the 10th will herald the construction of the Third Temple.The Temple Institute believes a red heifer will be needed to be scarified to complete the ritual of purification for the temple – heralding the coming of the Jewish Messiah.Red heifers have previously been found by the organisation – who have then disqualified them for not meeting prophetic standards.One was found in 1999, but was disqualified for being male – and a second was born in 2002, which was found to have a patch of white hair.
GETTYJERUSALEM: The destruction of the first and second temple paved the way for the third
Writing on the Temple Institute's website, Rabbi Caimen said: "Does this perhaps mean that the appearance of a red heifer in these waning end times is an indication, a forerunner of the appearance of the Messiah himself, who will officiate at its preparation?"If there has been no red heifer for the past 2,000 years, perhaps it is because the time was not right; Israel was far from being ready."But now, what could it mean for the times we live in, to have the means for purification so close at hand?"He added: "We cannot help but wonder and pray: If there are now red heifers… is ours the era that will need them?"
GETTYISRAEL: Prophecy claims the raising of the Third Temple will herald the Messiancic Age
Evangelical Christians believe the construction of the Third Temple all herald their own end times prophecy.The prophecy has even been linked to the US President Donald Trump moving the US Embassy to Jerusalem.Rabbi Hillel Weiss said he believes Trump's decision over the embassy is the first stage of bringing about the end of days.And then a third Rabbi, Pinchas Winston, claimed ongoing tensions between Iran and Israel is building to the Messiah.
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Kmbold September 8, 2018 at 9:34 pm
Sorry, guys, the Messiah has come, is come, and will come again. He met all the qualifications. Judgment Day may be just around the corner, but the Perfect Sacrifice was made amd is made at every Catholic Mass offered throughout the world. A red heifer is a mighty poor comparison.
Steve Willis December 5, 2019 at 11:09 pm
What about the ones born in 2013 (disqualified for bearing a black calf) and 2015 and 2018 (above) now in 2019? How many do they need? Consider that maybe the final offering was made—about 2,000 years ago—ending animal sacrifice.
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The OMEGA De Ville Prestige collection has attracted a large and loyal following with its classic, elegant design. These timepieces are characterised by pure styling with luxury finishes, and exude a timeless design. This model features a sun-brushed silvery opaline dial with red gold-coloured Roman numeral hour markers and polished cobachons. The striking dial, with its date window at the 3 o'clock position, is protected by a scratch-resistant sapphire crystal. The 36.8 mm stainless steel case is presented on a matching bracelet. At the heart of this timepiece is the Co-Axial calibre 2500.


As a researcher, data is important. Data is life. Data is everything. I need to use the best methods available to collect data, and the best statistical tests to analyze it. But there is a big problem I often face, and I bet many other researchers have the same issue. Data is expensive. Data can be very expensive and out of reach for many investigators, particularly junior investigators who don't have access to alternative funding steams. So what's left? What can a researcher do if there are no resources to collect data?
This idea, that another researcher's dataset can be used for novel purposes, is the entire premise of secondary data analysis. This isn't a novel approach, and pointing out the pros and cons of secondary data analysis at this point would simply seem duplicative. The key to secondary data is finding it, which is the purpose of this post.
But before I delve into finding data, I want to make a distinction between secondary data and "Big Data." Big data has been a trendy research area for several years but even I get confused about what is and is not big not big data. A really large study database is not big data. Surveillance studies that include hundreds of thousands of people is not big data. Decades long longitudinal studies are not big data. Instead, big data, with some notable exceptions, are generated by the things we do in everyday life. Big data is combining information on the type of posts you Like on Facebook with your purchase history. Big data is combining medical records information with information from grocery store receipts. Big data is using credit card transactions at gas stations to determine the popularity of tourist attractions. These datasets are massive, encompassing millions of people and potentially billions of data points. The sheer size of the these datasets requires research to essentially program their own apps in order to effectively analyze them (Something which I am unable to do but am jealous of the people who can). SAS or SPSS simply can't handle the workload.
But back to secondary data. We all know what it is but where do we get some?
The Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR).
I feel like I've given away the punchline before even telling the joke, but ICPSR is the clearinghouse for data. This database of databases has been maintained for over 50 years and includes data on almost every conceivable topic. For instance, if I am interested in alcohol use, ICPSR has information on 1,325 studies that contain questions on alcohol use. There are 517 studies that contain information on pets; 129 studies on aspirin; 142 studies that have information on media literacy in urban schools; 1,735 studies on sexuality; and 2,263 studies on policy. Remember, those are studies. Each study can contain one or more variables on your topic of interest. Even a handful of studies on your topic may have hundreds of relevant variables. (For example, there are 57,468 variables pertaining to alcohol use).
An additional benefit of ICPSR is that it contains important information on all the large national surveillance studies that are currently being conducted in the U.S. (e.g. BRFSS, YRBS, NHANES, etc.). There will always be some database that isn't within ICPSR's search parameters, but there are no better systems to access the amount of data available (If you know of a better source, let me know.).
There's one problem though, a problem shared with all research on human subjects. In order to conduct a secondary analysis of individual-level human subjects data, approval is needed by an Institutional Review Board (IRB). For a professor at nearly any university, this is not a big hurdle. There are always some administrative inefficiencies but at least you have access to an IRB. For graduate students, post-docs, research assistants/associates, or researchers who aren't affiliated with an institution that has an IRB, IRB approval is a significant roadblock. For grad students, post-docs, and research assistants/associates, I know the obvious answer is to have a supervisor sign off the application, but there are ethical implications to consider. The supervisor may know nothing about the project or may not be interested in the project. Therefore, is it morally right to reward a supervisor for doing literally nothing? And is it right for a supervisor to sign off on a protocol that they have no knowledge of? These are the questions I dealt with while a doctoral student, and questions I still haven't fully answered for myself (Essentially, I'm not sure the cons outweigh the pros, particularly because future career opportunities in academia are almost universally reliant on publication history.). It's possible to send an IRB application to an unaffiliated, for-profit IRB, like WIRB, but if there are no resources to collect the data, I doubt there will be resources available to pay the required fees.
So for those of us who want to answer a research question but don't have the resources to collect our own data and aren't in a position to get IRB approval, there is one last type of data that can be used: ecological data. Ecological data is data that has been summarized across a population. For instance, the cancer rate per state, the prevalence of obesity by country, or average income by city. This type of data does not need IRB approval because it is not considered human subjects data since no single individual can be identified in the dataset. I have been fortunate enough to be able to publish ecological data using countries and villages as my unit of measurement, although researchers must be careful not to over-interpret the findings from ecological studies.
Where can you find ecological secondary data?
The answer is a little more complicated because there is no single website housing all of this data. If you are in the U.S. and are interested in a purely demographic/geography analysis, then the US. Census Bureau is the right place to look. You'll likely have to create a dataset by hand, but the Bureau has already created thousands of tables that will get you started. If you have a health-related research question, the CDC and other NIH institutes are likely the best source. State-level surveillance data will be available from nearly every surveillance survey that is conducted, and although the sample size is relatively small (n=~50 depending if DC and territories are included), the number is large enough to perform multivariable regression, among other techniques. Often, you may have to combine health-related data from a source like the CDC with demographic information available from the Census Bureau. If you research question has a larger geographic scope, then search through the World Health Organization's Global Health Observatory or the World Bank's Global Health Indicators. Each source provides summary statistics at the country-level, and datasets can be linked by country name.
The take home message: Any research question can be answered, even if funding isn't available to collect new data. If data is too expensive to generate, consider performing a secondary analysis using publicly available datasets. If you don't have access to an IRB, consider performing an ecological analysis using country-, state-, country-, or city-level data.
Despite thousands of articles being published every day, it always seems difficult to get your article published. Co-authors bicker. Journals seem to be picky, and peer-reviewers…well, peer-reviewers just seem to be out to get you. (I know. I'm one of them.) Now, there are dozens of guides that offer advice on how to be more successful at publishing. Here, I am going to talk about a new publication guide that just came out. How is this one different? Because I'm going to summarize the whole thing for you.
Publishing Addiction Science: A Guide to the Perplexed was published online a few weeks ago. I'll go over the major themes of the book shortly, but first, I want to point on two huge benefits of this book. First, it's free! Yup, free. Yes, for those that want a paper version, a print copy can be purchased through Amazon, but I won't even link to the page because it is unnecessary. Download the entire edition by clicking HERE. Second, despite its title, the lessons of this book are entirely generic. Every field is not identical and the requirements for publication may differ, but the process of publication is largely identical across disciplines, with the exception of physics and mathematics who often publish non-peer reviewed articles on arXiv.com, but even they are required to publish in peer-reviewed journals eventually.
Now, on to those themes. Well, more like lessons really, which can be succinctly summarized as plan, discuss, and be wary.
It has taken months, if not years, but you have finally completed your study. The last subject was enrolled, the data has been collected and cleaned, and you are able to answer your research question. Because you think your study is important and will make a valuable contribution to society, you decide to have it published in a peer-reviewed journal, which is an excellent decision by the way. Once you have made this decision, the best way forward is to plan out the entire process ahead of time. Before the paper is outlined, before the first word hits the page, ideally before the analysis is even completed, plan.
First, you need to determine where you are going to submit the manuscript. For better or worse, I take a two-step, hope for the best/prepare for the worse, approach. I search for a journal that I consider a "reach" journal. A reach journal is a peer-reviewed journal that has a high impact factor and is considered one of the pre-eminent journals in your field. Since I often conduct public health or addiction research, the American Journal of Public Health or Addiction may be reach journals for me. JAMA or the New England Journal of Medicine may be reach journals for someone else. I don't expect the paper to be accepted by the reach journal, but it is worth the extra effort if publication does occur. After selecting a reach journal, I always have a back-up. Or 2 back-ups because I know the risk of rejection is almost absolute. A back-up journal doesn't mean some unknown journal that isn't indexed anywhere or an open-access journal that doesn't even qualify as peer-reviewed. A back-up journal simply means a well-known, second-tier journal that doesn't have quite the aura of the reach journals.
Selecting the right journal, especially when you are new to publishing, takes time and effort. Journals should be researched regarding what topics they have published in the past and what topics they publish now. Rejection rates, if known, and impact factors, should be consulted as well but not taken as rules. Selecting your journal early allows you to plan how to write the manuscript. Each journal has a unique way of organizing and presenting research articles. Some journals require certain tenses to be used (e.g. present v. past) and certain person-voices to be used (e.g. 1st v. 3rd person). Others focus on the use of active or passive voice, and I can rant for hours about the differences in reference formatting. Knowing this information allows you to plan how you will write your article.
Before you write though, you need to identify who your co-authors are, if any. Who contributed to the project? Who can be counted on to contribute to actually writing the manuscript? Who will be responsible for what parts of the manuscript? These are only some of the questions to consider when deciding on the authorship list.
Hand-in-hand with planning is discussion. The most important discussion you need to have is with your co-authors because the first task after deciding on where to publish is who should be included as a co-author on the paper. Deciding on co-authorship is a classic "easier said than done" issue. It seems really straightforward. Whoever worked on the project should be included as a co-author. But does that include the research assistants who collected the data but may not have the training to integrate the results into a cohesive argument? Does it include the investigator who obtained the funding to conduct the study even if they had no part in the planning, analysis, or writing of the paper? Did anyone who was thought to be a co-author simply not do enough work to merit inclusion?
These can be tricky questions to answer and require open discussion between all parties to avoid awkward, and potentially, angry confrontations. As lead author, it may also require making tough decisions. I was talking with a junior investigator for a very large international research project about publications a few years ago. Hundreds of papers have been produced from this project, and she was working under the supervision of the overall principle investigator. She followed the project's protocol for retrieving data and proceeded to conduct a unique analysis of the data and write a manuscript meant for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Her and her fellow co-authors had reviewed the draft and were ready to submit to a journal; however, her supervisor, the overall PI of this massive international research project, never got back to her. There was no indication he had made any edits to the paper or was even reviewing the paper. So, she took the PI's name off the authorship list and submitted the paper without him. Even if a research is one of the greats in the field, they do not deserve authorship credit unless they have actually contributed to the paper.
Finally, Publishing Addiction Science asks the reader to make a mental note of the funding source of articles that are read and to be wary of who funds an investigator's research. We tend to assume that research is unbiased. That a $1 million project funded by NIH will produce the same results if funded by an industry group if the same methods are employed. Sadly, that is not the case. For a not unsurprising reason, studies funded by for-profit industries typically produce results that are favorable to that industry. Studies funded by government or non-profit organizations typically produce results that are favorable to individual or population-wide health. These two notions, industry and health, are often at odds with each other.
A classic example of this is tobacco, and there are countless examples of the tobacco industry funding research studies that were deemed favorable to industry interests. But I'll highlight a more recent example. Energy drinks and alcohol do not go well together. People who drink alcohol mixed with energy drinks suffer from significantly higher levels of negative alcohol-related consequences compared to people who just drink alcohol. There are numerous articles and systematic reviews that support this position with the exception of articles funded by the alcohol or energy drinks industries. These studies, funded by for-profit interests, conclude that energy drinks have no effect on alcohol consumption or are even beneficial to the user!
Be wary. Be cautious. Be alert. If you are seeking funding, know who the funder is and what the expectations are. Research must be performed independent from interference of those who may not like some of the results, yet some funders require just the opposite.
The take home message: If you have decided to publish your research in a peer-reviewed journal, plan each step advance, facilitate open discussions with potential co-authors to determine authorship order and division of labor, and be wary of stipulations and requirements some funders may put on grants, fellowships, and other funding mechanisms. And if you don't believe me, read PAS. It will literally cost you nothing.
A few weeks ago, I reviewed a pilot study for a health promotion campaign. The set-up was pretty simple. Five images were created to inform the population about the dangers of engaging in this specific health behavior. A number of adults were recruited and asked questions about their attitudes toward this behavior. They were then shown 1 of the 5 health promotion images and were asked the same attitude-related questions again. It was a standard one-group, within-subjects design evaluation.
Unsurprisingly, attitudes about the behavior decreased after viewing any of the health promotion images, exactly as the campaign creators had hoped for. But there was a problem. A very simple problem that could have been rectified before the evaluation even began.
I have no way of knowing if the health promotion images actually changed attitudes towards the behavior.
How is this possible? Because there was no control group.
Think about it this way. If you are part of a health-related study that relies on self-report, as in this study, it is fairly easy to guess what the evaluators or researchers want to hear. You are promoting a new exercise program? Great! I say I've doubled the number of days that I have exercised since participating. A new poster about how bad smoking is? Of course I agree that smoking is a terrible habit to have. Do I think fruits and vegetables are good foods? Why yes, yes I do.
Did you pick up on it? Depending on how an evaluation is designed, how an individual's response is measured, and how often an individual's response is measured, subjects may be inadvertently primed to give you the answer you want to hear, particularly if you are taking measurements at multiple time points (which you should be doing). This is what I call testing bias. By measuring something at one time point, we may inadvertently influence the measurement at a subsequent time point.
The solution to this is rather simple. Whenever we are testing individuals at multiple time points, there needs to be a control group that doesn't receive the new program or intervention. The exact nature of the control depends on many factors. First, you must consider whether you have the ability to randomize subjects. This is what is done in true experimental trials but is often difficult when evaluating a new program. Programs often cover geographic regions, and if there is belief the program has positive health benefits, there are limited ethical arguments for refusing to provide such services. In these situations, we often create a non-randomized control group be selecting individuals in a different town or neighborhood, which is done in quasi-experimental studies, often known as natural experiments. There are even instances where different states or countries have acted as non-randomized control groups.
Second, you must consider the type of control group to create. A true control group receives no intervention. For the pilot study mentioned above, a true control group would have simply been asked questions about their attitudes toward a health behavior on two separate occasions. A placebo control group is given some other intervention that isn't expected to influence what you are measuring. For example, if the health promotion campaign was to discourage smoking, a placebo control group could have been shown images about climate change, which would not be expected to change attitudes on smoking. Finally, the control group could be exposed to a previously tested intervention. These studies are known as comparative effectiveness studies. For our pilot study, the subjects could have viewed last year's health promotion campaign materials. In these studies, we hope to see the new intervention work as well or better than the previous intervention.
There is an unintended consequence of using a control group in a multiple time-point evaluation. Whoever is in charge of the data must be knowledgeable enough to properly analyze the data. This isn't a scenario that can be handled with t-tests and chi-square analysis. At a minimum, your data analyst needs to be proficient in repeated-measures ANOVA, multi-level modeling, or path analysis/structural equation modeling.
The take home message: Unless absolutely impossible, always use a control group in your evaluations. Programs, campaigns, and other interventions require considerable resources to develop, and funders will want to know that your new intervention worked. That is not possible unless there is a control group.


Specific Hazards Arising from the Material: Flammable in the form of dust or powder when exposed to heat, sparks or flame. May react with water under fire conditions liberating flammable hydrogen gas. May emit fumes of lanthanum oxide under fire conditions.
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: Flammable in the form of dust or powder when exposed to heat, sparks or flame. Reacts vigorously with acids releasing flammable hydrogen gas. May react with water under fire conditions liberating flammable hydrogen gas.
Incompatible Materials: Water/moisture, air, strong acids, strong oxidizing agents, acid chlorides, halogens.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Lanthanum oxides, lanthanum hydroxides, hydrogen gas.


text:
Tag: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Evan Wall
Evan Wall was a bright 19-year-old from the small town of Shellbrook, Saskatchewan whose only concerns were football, engineering college and partying. He was a top student with every reason to look forward to a very bright future until 2016, when a severe car accident and resulting traumatic brain injury brought his carefree life to a screeching halt.
Evan still doesn't remember the late-night accident on a country highway. He was a passenger in a truck that flipped and ejected him through the windshield into a roadside ditch. Paramedics weren't hopeful about his survival as a Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) air ambulance carried him to Saskatoon's Royal University Hospital. He spent two weeks unconscious in critical care. Along with bruised lungs and other more minor injuries, Evan sustained a diffuse axonal brain injury (DAI). The neurologists couldn't predict whether Evan would wake up or spend the remainder of his life in a vegetative state.
His anxious family was thrilled when Evan did open his eyes after a few weeks, but alertness took much longer to return. Evan spent six weeks in the neurology ward learning to communicate with head shakes and hand signals. During this time, he wore diapers, was fed by a stomach tube, and learned to sit in a wheelchair.
"After six weeks, I was more alert but still not talking or responsive beyond answering yes or no questions with hand gestures. Degree of alertness after a brain injury can vary greatly, and diminished alertness can be one of the permanent effects. Fatigue from not just physical but also cognitive activity is a very common condition after a brain injury, one that I still live with."
Evan's speech and motor coordination had been badly damaged. He spent the following winter in the rehabilitation unit of Saskatoon City Hospital, where he undertook a daily regimen of speech, occupational, recreational and physio therapies in hope of recovering his abilities to walk, talk, eat unassisted and many other basic life skills.
"Everything I was doing now was incredibly painstaking and slow going. You might think the frustration would have driven me through the roof, but my mind was fully engaged just dealing with the tasks at hand. In this new headspace, my sense of self-reliance was challenged at every turn and there was no more room for my former blasé attitude toward achievement. The option of that mindset had been plucked out of my life. The humbling was sudden and absolute."
When he was released from in-patient care to return to his parents' home in Shellbrook Saskatchewan, Evan had spent a total of six months in the hospital. Evan now faced a life irrevocably altered. Gone were the athletic skills and facile academic prowess he had built his life on in the past. He would have to recreate himself.
"The work was grueling and very lonely. What I was doing and experiencing was present in my mind, but higher-order thinking would take time. A few months earlier, I had been a sharp engineering student able to solve calculus equations in my head. Now, my consciousness was fully occupied with seemingly mundane tasks and movements. Ironically, the learning and adaptation going on inside my brain was more dynamic and demanding than a healthy adult would ever have to endure. I was working harder at learning basic life skills than I ever had before, in university or any other aspect of my life."
"I wasn't that Evan Wall anymore, and I truly didn't know what that was going to mean yet. Everything was new and scary without the hospital support I was used to. All I knew for sure was that I wanted to get to work and heal as soon and as much as possible."
Daily strength training at his local gym soon became a saving grace. Over time, Evan's body grew stronger and there were improvements in his coordination as a result. When he realized that good health would help optimize his recovery, Evan also started taking better care of himself, and put drinking and smoking behind him for good.
Evan's family connected with the Saskatchewan Brain Injury Association and through it, Saskatchewan Health's ABI Outreach Team, which runs the PARTY Program (Prevent Alcohol and Risk-related Trauma in Youth) for high schoolers. Evan was invited to team up with paramedics, fire fighters and police to help educate high school classes about the potential outcomes of risky behaviours. Since 2018, Evan has presented talks at high schools across Saskatchewan and is known to be a very relatable and engaging speaker.
"Hearing from a brain-injured kid close to their age really brought the message home. There was little difference between me and the current students when it came to interests and party lifestyle. The students were very engaged when I described the nitty gritty details about living with a brain injury and seemed to take the subject of safety seriously when they heard about my having to wear diapers, how I no longer work or attend school, even what it's like to talk to girls now. I was happy to help contribute to brain injury education and do something with my time to help keep other teenagers out of hospitals."
Five years after his accident, Evan has recovered an altered form of his voice that gives some people the erroneous impression that he is mentally challenged. He also walks unassisted, but his walk is slow and cumbersome. Evan lives on his own in Saskatoon, where he still visits his local gym daily. In fact, Evan has become an avid body builder and has even competed in physique building competitions.
"Bodybuilding is one of the purest forms of self-discipline because you're literally fighting yourself all the time. Even during exertion, the body shouts loudly and constantly that it wants more carbs, but it's not getting them. The results can be spectacular, but the self-discipline required to get there is enormous. I don't think I'd be where I am now if I hadn't gone through the physical and emotional rigors of coming back from the dead."
"Challenging my limits has always been part of my journey. I did it physically in my youth. Since my injury, I've had to challenge my limits mentally and emotionally as well. And I'm still doing it today. I can say in all sincerity that living with this brain injury, I have become well acquainted with physical weakness and, in dealing with it, have become tougher than I would have ever imagined."
To his dismay, Evan has found that the outside world reacts differently to him since his accident. Some acquaintances speak to him differently than they used to. Strangers look away or, when they do interact with him, often talk to him like a small child. Evan feels there is much society can learn about interacting with disabled people more respectfully.
"If there is one thing I know first-hand from being both an abled and a disabled person, it's that able-bodied people react distinctly differently to one versus the other. Before my accident, I never would have imagined I would one day talk about ableism, ableist fragility, and microaggressions. I was a strong, agile, and capable teenager who, having grown up with a sister with autism and epilepsy, was raised to be considerate of other peoples' differences. Prejudice in any form never crossed my mind or my path. I hadn't even heard of the word 'ableism' before my injury."
In 2020, Evan took on a collaborative writing project about his journey with a writer friend, Susanne Gauthier. Over many coffees and interviews with family, friends and colleagues in the brain injury community, Susanne drafted Evan's story in full detail – from his point of view. Their co-authored memoir is entitled Rebuilding a Brick Wall, published by DriverWorks Ink, Regina SK 2021, and available in Canadian bookstores.
What does Evan want people to take away from his story?
"For someone with an injury, that you will always move forward if you refuse to give up. Even though life looks completely different from before, there are always successes and joyful moments that make the journey worth it, not to mention wisdom!"
"For able-bodied people; you may not think you get uncomfortable when you meet a person with a disability or treat them differently, but are you sure? Microaggressions are still heavily embedded in our culture. We have only just begun to acknowledge the variety of microaggressions towards those with ability differences that are still rampant."
More information can be found on Evan and Susan's website
Kinnie Starr
Musician Kinnie Starr acquired a brain injury in 2015 after a distracted driver collided with her taxi in downtown Vancouver at 70 kilometres an hour. But she didn't know about it until 18 months later.
"I knew nothing about brain injury [before my accident]," Kinnie says. "For the first few months, the focus was on my physical injuries. I had an injured spine and limbs." As she worked through rehabilitation for her physical injuries, she began to realize that something else was going on.
"When I laid down to go to sleep, the bed would be spinning. I was experiencing sensations such as the room moving, depth-perception issues, and my spatial relationships changed," she says. Kinnie knew these things were real, but because of the brain injury that hadn't been discovered yet, she had trouble drawing attention to what she was experiencing – especially since her other injuries were more visible and immediate. "There were a lot of other physical matters with my legs, pelvis, shoulders and spine. And I couldn't articulate what was happening because of the brain injury."
"My husband is the person who noticed something was off. He said I was flipping my sentences, had slurred speech, and my walk had changed," Kinnie says. "It was about a year, a year and a half before I was [officially] diagnosed."
Finding answers and the right rehabilitation
The process of finding answers and treatment was a long one for Kinnie and her family. Once it was clear that something was going on besides her physical injuries, it took some time to find the right solutions.
"I was boggled with [the] medical investigation," Kinnie says, trying to describe what it was like to live with a brain injury and find a diagnosis. "It's…you're just in it". When she did receive her diagnosis, Kinnie started multiple kinds of rehabilitation – many of which she continues to this day. "I'm still ongoing with rehabilitation – for example cold laser therapy, sensory deprivation, and going to a chiropractor."
While the therapies are a big help, Kinnie still faces challenges every day. "I still have to be careful with changes in light," she says. "I try to build self-care into my days; take time away from stimulus. For example, I carry an eye mask with me to create my own dark space. Even if it's just a few minutes in an airport bathroom where I can get a little privacy – it makes a big difference for me."
Kinnie's other self-care tip is simple: "put your phone down." It may seem small, but for Kinnie replacing part of her scroll time with other activities or rest made a big difference.
The impact on her music
The impact of Kinnie's injuries had a profound effect on everything, including her livelihood as a musician. "I went from living my life to not being able to do my work," she says. "I'm an artist – that's my trade."
It was challenging for Kinnie to put to words what her experience was like in the early stages of her recovery – particularly when it came to the changes in her abilities. "There's no way to explain the lack when you aren't in a standard work environment," she says. "When you work alone, you don't have people interacting with you, noticing changes [in you]."
It was difficult for Kinnie to even sit down and pick up her instrument. "I couldn't play guitar: even looking at it I vomited or fell off my stool," she says. She would even occasionally experience the sensations that accompany urination.
When Kinnie had her accident, she had already committed to another album called Feed the Fire. "The record label hired a producer (Douglas Romanow) to help me meet my contract," Kinnie says. "It was the first time I had a co-writer. It was really interesting." Kinnie was used to working solo, and even when working with Douglas would continue to write the lyrics privately.
Co-working and her brain injury made for an unusual schedule that neither of them were quite used to. "When we started I could only do about 45 minutes at a time, and then I'd have to take a break or be done for the day," Kinnie says. This was a change from the full days of work she had been able to do in the past. "The album workflow was so dynamic, very stop and start. He [Douglas] turned out to be a good friend and was incredibly patient," Kinnie says.
With patience and hard work, Kinnie has made incredible improvements in her recovery and her music. "Now I can do 8 hours a day. And 6 months ago (2019) she was able to start playing guitar again. It was a big milestone, one she was happy to celebrate.
The way brain injury impacted Kinnie changed her outlook on being an artist. "I'm a new person. I'll never take my musical skill set for granted again," she says.
Furthering the conversation
One of the biggest challenges Kinnie has experienced is the lack of knowledge and understanding about brain injury. While her husband, mom and other family members and friends were incredibly supportive, other people didn't understand what was happening.
"People don't understand brain injury. Some thought I was just being emotional," she remembers. Now, a few years after the accident, she's hoping to help change that.
"[After the accident] I didn't know where to go for help – even my doctor didn't know I had a brain injury," she says. "There's a lot of misinformation about how a head injury presents itself," she adds. It's not just one set of symptoms – it's a whole range of them, and many are invisible.
"There's not enough info on nuanced human emotion and brain injury," Kinnie says. She explains that there are a lot of emotions connected to a brain injury, and for her it's easy to see them when you know what to look for. "When you have a brain injury, you know when someone else does. They look lost, confused, and scared," Kinnie says, adding she felt the same way.
Kinnie is also trying to bring more attention to the differences between genders when it comes to head injury. During the legal case for her accident, her lawyer was representing 3 other women with head injuries, all of whom were experiencing drastic changes to their reproductive health and sexual functions. "Because there is a history of women's sexual health being tied exclusively to reproductive function, women over 30 who experience sexual dysfunction from brain injuries are readily accused of histrionics…should their issues be brought to court. Men, on the other hand, can readily demonstrate loss of sexual function because (for them) it is visible," she says. This was an eye-opening discovery for Kinnie. She has spent time working with researchers at the University of Calgary on a medical journal article (being published soon) about women and concussion in an effort to further this particular conversation about brain injury and gender.
Listen to Kinnie Starr
Kinnie has been actively involved in many other projects since her injury, including the documentary Play Your Gender about the gender wage gap in the music industry, and was a musical partner for the Haida language film Edge of the Knife. She also has new tracks coming out in 2020. It's safe to say that brain injury has not impacted Kinnie's drive to support what she believes in and to share her music.
For more information about her music and to listen to her songs, you can visit her website or check her out on streaming services.
Jonathan McMurray
My name is Jonathan McMurray and I have been living with a traumatic brain injury since 1995. This story begins in August 1995 in Riviere Du Loup, Quebec. We were three students returning to Acadia University in Wolfville, Nova Scotia. We were enroute from Georgetown, Ontario to finish our final year at university. My life changed forever that day, late at night in the dark along the Trans-Canada highway near the New Brunswick border. A car tire popped and as the car flipped I was ejected from the side window. My seat belt wasn't fastened because it was my turn to sleep and I was stretched out in the back.
Help came quickly, because as luck would have it there was a trauma hospital near the accident site in Riviere Du Loup. Calls went out to my family around midnight from the hospital. My family was asked to get to Riviere Du Loup as quickly as possible as I lay in a coma (a 6/15 on the Glasgow coma scale). They came from Georgetown, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, and Victoria, British Columbia not knowing what to expect or what was to come next. No one knew that I had suffered a traumatic brain injury, they just knew they had to get there as quickly as possible.
I'd had a very hassle-free life up to that point. My parents, two brothers and I lived in Georgetown – a small town less than an hour west of Toronto. I'd had girlfriends, played some basketball and spent most of my free time on my skateboard or listening to music. All of my childhood and 22 years of my life were completely erased after my brain injury. So my life really didn't change: it ended. Everything was taken from me.
Coming back to earth in 1995, I was a complete alien. I knew no colours or shapes or much of anything really. Music had luckily stayed with me, and that was an enormous help to my rehabilitation. My family and friends of course were always able to fill in the countless gaps of my memory. Also social media was very helpful in putting my life back together. Not completely together because 22 years were missing, but as together as it was going to get. Everyone would always share stories about my youth which for me was a complete mystery: it seemed like make-believe or like someone else's story. Gradually over time I was able to piece together enough stories of my past to realize that the accident hadn't changed me really, it had just damaged some of my parts.
My parents and brothers were always there. I had to re-meet them and have complete trust that they knew what would help me. Never hovering over me, but always there to help me navigate. They would tell me that the raccoon I almost let into our house was not the neighbour's dog, but a slightly more dangerous animal. Or that shaving cream was not whipped cream and I shouldn't stick it in my mouth. I was forced to trust that these people that I didn't recognize (my parents) would look after me. Everything was entirely foreign so I had to hope that this "family" knew what I needed and how I would best get it.
A story that I sort of remember from the early days of my recovery was when I was tasked with picking a cassette tape for the ride to Annapolis Royal. My parents and I entered the store and my mother reminded me that I was allowed to pick out any tape that I wanted. Once we made our way to the tape section of the store I was a fish out of water. There were a lot of different tapes to choose from and I didn't have a clue what to get. I saw a staff member (which I recognized because of the uniform) and thought she could help me pick out a tape. "Excuse me, which tape should I buy?" I asked.
She looked at me like I was 100% alien, and I guess I was pretty close at that time. "I don't know, what do you like?
"I don't know," I said to her and I was being totally honest. I didn't know what I liked or what I wanted.
"Well you could get the last Nirvana tape, they won't be making anymore music now that Kurt Cobain is dead," she told me.
"Kurt Cobain is dead?" This had happened over a year ago but I had no idea, and this was an example of feeling 'out of it'. This feeling I would learn to accept and live with, but it was one of the hard realities of brain injury. When we got to my grandmother's house and I told my cousin Duncan that Kurt Cobain had died, he tried really hard not to look at me as though I had three heads.
Duncan and I went through my huge collection of music afterwards and something else shocking happened. For some reason that I couldn't understand at the time, there were a bunch of hip hop CDs and tapes in my collection. Without thinking twice I took every tape or CD that looked like a "rap" product and put it in a shopping bag to give to my cousin. Hundreds of dollars worth of music was bagged and given away; I was sure that this stuff wasn't mine. A year or so later I would buy all of these records again but at that point I was totally certain they didn't belong to me.
My brain injury also came with visual agnosia, which adds another layer of difficulty to my already complicated life. Visual agnosia is when you can see things, but you can't necessarily figure out what they are just by looking. My wife came in to visit me once at work some years back and I had no idea who she was until she spoke. She had straightened her hair.
Having been through my own traumatic brain injury, I have three suggestions to share from my long, exhausting, frustrating journey – and that of my family.
1. Be patient – Now the medical staff would understand this more easily than the patients, but it makes sense (trust me). Take baby steps, and celebrate your accomplishments as they happen. Take/make note of what you do as it's done (you may think "big deal" at the time but it is a big deal). So use a memory book or daily schedule to recognize your progress. This observation of your accomplishments will help you see progress and continue to be patient.
2. Take breaks – When you are tired and/or worn out you need to learn to give yourself time. Obviously everyone wants to work on making himself or herself better, but cut yourself some slack. If you could go and listen to a record, or go for a walk, or play a game then you would be taking better care of yourself. You are far less apt to throw in the towel and settle if you take breaks. Once you've had your break from what can be a totally intense reality, then get back to work on your self-reconstruction project. If you stick to it when you are tired than everyone loses. The project or task at hand won't be done as well as possible, and if you push it too much then you will either become even more frustrated with your situation and/or start to give up. Never ever give up. It's not a test that may affect your grades: this is your new reality. No magical spacecraft will come from the sky to return everything to how it was. In 1995 I was in such bad shape that the doctors and nurses would be surprised to see me today. But I took breaks, and I never gave up. There is no due date on rehabilitation: it is a journey.
3. Be happy – This will be the hardest to understand and the most likely piece of advice to frustrate you. Try however to look for the good in life, appreciate the beauty that surrounds us. It is not for me to guess or try to figure out how you will be happy. YOU figure out how to be happy. It could be puzzles that make you happy, art, picture books, watching birds, eating an orange – whatever! Music was mine – it had the ability to take me away to a much happier place. So when your world seems too much or too intense then you have found your front row tickets to a happier place.
This now is not advice but a fact that may get lost in the fog of rehabilitation. This can be an incredibly long journey. The sooner you realize this the better prepared you will be for what could lie ahead. 22 ago my family and I would have never predicted how far I would come. That I would have – with some extensions of course – finished my Bachelor of Arts at Acadia University. That I would become employable and employed. That I would meet a beautiful woman, get married and have two boys. That I would function quite well as a stay at home dad. That after a decade or so of hard work I'd become a published author with my first book "Mind the Gap" that describes my long journey back to health.
We also couldn't predict that over 20 years after my brain injury I would be diagnosed with cancer in three different parts of my body. Fortunately, after surgery and an intense treatment of chemotherapy I have recently been told that I am cancer-free.
Thanks to the lessons I've learned over the past two decades and a support system of family and friends, I'm here: I'm not sure where I would be today without them.
Thank you for reading my story and I wish you the best with yours.
For more information about my experience, visit my website: www.jonathanmcmurray.com
Traumatic brain injury & the corrections system
Evidence shows that sustaining a traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases the risk of criminal justice system involvement, including incarceration. In addition to the physical changes experienced after brain injury many of the following common cognitive, emotional and behavioural symptoms/impairments can increase the chance of interaction with police and the justice system:
Anger management issues
Challenges with processing information
Engagement in high risk behaviours
Inability to initiate which can be perceived as defiance
Inappropriate emotional response
Memory impairments
Perseveration
Statistics on brain injury and incarceration
The incidences of incarceration were higher among study participants with prior traumatic brain injury compared with those without one. Men and women who had sustained a TBI were about 2.5 times more likely to be incarcerated than men and women who had not sustained a TBI.[1]
TBI is more prevalent among males as than females in incarcerated populations[2]
The majority of the incarcerated participants reported having a TBI prior to their first criminal offence[3]
The average age of first TBI was 19.6 years for men and 21.9 for women inmates
55% of women reported TBI prior to first crime
41% of men reported TBI prior to first crime[4]
How does brain injury fit in the current criminal code?
Traumatic brain injury does not fit appropriately in the criminal code. It currently falls under the definition of "mental disorder" which is defined as "a disease of the mind." Individuals living with the effects of acquired brain injury may experience mental health issues, such as anxiety, depression and suicidal thoughts, but the brain injury itself is not a mental disorder.
The improper classification of brain injury as mental health disorder causes a cascading effect. Judges are unable to order the proper assessment[5], so are therefore not able to get an accurate picture of the impairments which may have contributed to the criminal behaviour. Without an accurate assessment, judges are unable to give sentencing that would focus on rehabilitative needs and upon release, the individual is likely to re-offend.
Indigenization of the Canadian correctional system
Indigenous peoples are the most over-represented ethnicity in Canada's criminal justice system. A recent report from Canada's prison ombudsman has warned, "the proportion of Indigenous people in federal custody has hit a record high of more than 30% due to disturbing and entrenched imbalances". The situation is particularly dire for Indigenous women, who account for over 40% of the female prison population.[6]
Traumatic brain injury accounts for a substantial proportion of injuries in indigenous North American populations.[7] Unfortunately, while indigenous populations are much more likely to experience serious brain trauma, they are much less likely to receive appropriate rehabilitation, or have access to other post-discharge programs and services.
A proper definition of TBI in the criminal justice code will grant greater power to judges to fulfil the Gladue Principle in sentencing as it relates to their acquired brain injury. Gladue refers to a right that Aboriginal People have under section 718.2 (e) of the Criminal Code. Gladue asks judges to recognize the unique circumstances of Aboriginal offenders and focus on a traditional Aboriginal justice approach, which is more restorative in nature and may not include jail time. This restorative approach will help reduce the drastic over-representation of Indigenous people in Canadian jails.
Amend the Criminal code to include a proper and accurate definition of acquired brain injury.
Ensure there is a place in the criminal code for assessments specific to ABI. This would allow judges to have the ability to order a report that would assist the court in determinations of disposition or judicial interim release.
Brain injury and proper assessment, including the Gladue principle where applicable, added as a consideration in sentencing to ensure there is a focus on rehabilitative and restorative approach, rather than just punitive.
How to advocate for criminal justice system reform for brain injury
Write government representatives and members of the criminal justice system about the need for an updated definition in the criminal justice code.
Share information and statistics about TBI and the criminal justice system with your network
Support Canadian groups that are advocating for criminal justice reform
See sources
Intimate partner violence & advocacy
While awareness about the diagnosis and treatment of concussion/mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) has increased in the last decade, most of the focus has been around sports-related injury. Research projects are finding differences in how sex and gender influence recovery outcomes after concussion. One area of research that is growing is women with concussion and mTBI due to intimate partner violence.
35-80% of women affected by IPV experience symptoms of traumatic brain injury[1]
92% of IPV incidents involve hits to the head and face, and strangulation[2]
Survivors and care providers can also mistake brain injury symptoms for the emotional distress brought about by the abuse itself[3]
It is estimated that for every NHL player who suffers a concussion during the season, approximately 7,000 Canadian women suffer the same injury at the hands of their intimate partner each year…this equates to about 250,000 new cases every year.
– Dr. Paul van Donkelaar, co-founder of the Supporting Survivors of Abuse and Brain Injury Through Research (SOAR) project and professor at the University of British Columbia,
The high prevalence of mTBI in victims of intimate partner violence and the challenge this poses in recovery can no longer be overlooked.
Need for more research & collaboration
Existing research is scarce, limiting the ability of health care providers to develop effective supports. The recent funding from the Government of Canada for the SOAR project out of University of British Columbia's Okanagan is a huge step in the right direction, but we need to ensure there are tools being implemented to support victims today. Without proper supports, victims of IPV can easily fall through the cracks. Often the symptoms of TBI are overlooked. Individuals face challenges managing everyday tasks and then also have to deal with a range of physical, emotional, behavioral, or cognitive issues indicative of post-concussive symptoms. It's difficult for victims of IPV to enter the recovery stage if they are subjected to repeated injuries.
Along with more research into the relationships between IPV and brain injury, we need more collaboration between researchers and frontline workers who interact directly with victims of IPV. They need more education in recognizing symptoms of brain injury and how to make referrals to specialists. IPV is an immensely complex situation; the more support and education there is for frontline workers and the general community, the more women will be helped.
Raise awareness about IPV-related TBI
Educate front-line workers on IPV-related TBI
Early identification of IPV-related TBI with standardized, evidence-based screening tools
Implementation of tools and strategies for those living with IPV-related TBI
Ways to advocate for IPV and brain injury supports
Advocating for more education, research and support for victims of IPV and brain injury can happen in a variety of ways.
Share information about IPV and brain injury with your networks, indicating the need for supports and education
Support organizations and groups advocating for increases in IPV and brain injury supports
Research the issue thoroughly
Write to government officials and representatives
Resources on IPV and brain injury
Abused & Brain Injured: Understanding the Intersection of Intimate Partner Violence and Traumatic Brain Injury
Acquired Brain Injury Research Lab
Supporting Survivors of Abuse and Brain Injury Through Research (SOAR)
An acquired brain injury (ABI) refers to any damage to the brain that occurs after birth and is not related to a congenital or a degenerative disease. This definition stems form the World Health Organization where a brain injury was defined as "Damage to the brain, which occurs after birth and is not related to a congenital or a degenerative disease. These impairments may be temporary or permanent and cause partial or functional disability or psychosocial maladjustment (Geneva 1996). There are two types of acquired brain injury: non-traumatic and traumatic.
Topics in this section include:
Challenge of prognosis
Traumatic acquired brain injuries (TBIs) are caused by something that comes from outside the body. This includes blows, bumps, and jolts to the head. Traumatic brain injuries can result in temporary injury or more serious, long-term damage. See statistics on TBI. Causes of traumatic acquired brain injuries include:
Explosive blasts, combat injuries
Gunshot wounds
Intimate partner violence (assault, strangulation, suffocation)
A video on acquired brain injury
Is a concussion a brain injury?
A concussion is an acquired brain injury. Anyone who sustains a concussion can experience many of the physical, cognitive, emotional, and behavioural effects that accompany acquired brain injuries.
Concussion is also known as mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) that has no neuroimaging findings. The term mild does not diminish the impacts that concussion can have on your health and activities of daily living (ADLs).
Information on concussion
Acquired brain injury affects every part of a person's life. This includes changes to your independence, abilities, work, and relationships with family, friends, and caregivers. Since a brain injury differs from person to person and recovery depends on several factors, in many cases it's difficult to know what long-term behavioural, cognitive, physical or emotional effects there will be.
The effects of brain injury can be put in the following categories [1]:
Behavioural changes: The way a person acts or makes decisions can change after a brain injury. Behavioural changes include engaging in risky or impulsive behaviour, having difficulty with social and work relationships and isolation. This can be stressful and depending on the behaviour can cause safety concerns. Rehabilitation and medical teams will be able to provide practical tips for behaviour after a brain injury.
Information on coping with behavioural changes after a brain injury
Cognitive changes: This is how the brain learns, processes information, forms memories and makes decisions. Challenges include communication, concentration, reading/writing, making decisions, and remembering things.
Information for survivors on coping with cognitive changes
Emotional changes: a brain injury, a person may experience new or different emotions, including depression, anxiety, and/or anger. Emotional changes are difficult to adjust to, and it's important to have a support system of family, friends, and medical professionals.
Information on coping with emotional changes after brain injury
Physical changes: In some cases, a brain injury will have physical effects. These effects include mobility challenges, headaches, fatigue, pain and sensory changes.
Information on coping with physical changes after a brain injury
(Source: Ontario Brain Injury Association)
The challenges of prognosis
Prognosis means the likely path a disease or injury will take. In the case of acquired brain injury, prognosis is meant to give a best estimate of effects and recovery. Acquired brain injuries are all different, and there are a lot of factors that will impact a prognosis of recovery.
Factors that affect prognosis include:
Severity of injury
Previous injuries and existing conditions
Location of injury
Research shows that there is no system or set of variables that can accurately predict outcome for a single patient [2]. There is no definite timeline for recovery – it's different for everyone. Doctors will update their prognosis as recovery progresses and provide next steps at the same time.
This section of our website covers the kinds of changes you may experience, management tips, and information on the kinds of tools and services that can help you and your family navigate living with brain injury.
In hospital information
Rehabilitation information
Living with brain injury information
Local brain injury associations
The Hamilton Health Sciences About Brain Injury Guide


The Knite box 48V 11.6Ah with 29E cell battery pack is one new products of us. It equip BMS 30A continuous discharge with Bluetooth data output function. You are able to get battery usage data from this Bluetooth function.


Chindeni Camp is in an enviable location on the edge of a lagoon where hippo chortle and elephant wallow, stands Chindeni – undoubtedly one of the most beautiful tented camps in the South Luangwa. There's something about sleeping under canvas that ignites a sense of adventure in everyone. At Chindeni you can combine that thrill with style and comfort in one of its four opulent tents. Gaze out from your private veranda onto the lagoon which attracts birds and animals from miles around.
With stripped wooden floors, four-poster beds, cosy sitting rooms, en suite bathrooms and vaulted canvas ceilings, Chindeni's spacious tents are so inviting you could be forgiven for never wanting to leave your room. Especially when you can see so much wildlife just by stepping onto your own private deck jutting out over the lagoon. Two of the tents have twin beds (queen-sized beds) and two have doubles (king-sized bed). Chindeni is open from June to December. Whether you are in the mood for intrepid exploration or perhaps some more sedentary wildlife viewing, Chindeni will deliver. Avid game viewers and birdwatchers can set out on superb walking safaris, game drives, night drives and scenic sundowner trips in the surrounding area. Or you can just park yourself in a deckchair at camp and watch the abundance of game that is drawn to the lagoon.


On March 15, 2010, Senator Chris Dodd introduced the Restoring American Financial Stability Act of 2010, now commonly referred to as the "Dodd Bill." The legislation is primarily aimed at reform of the United States financial system to prevent future financial crises, but among its 1,300 pages are significant proposals to change executive compensation and corporate governance rules for all public companies. The Dodd Bill is under consideration by the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, along with a House bill known as H.R. 4173, or the Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2009 (which we refer to as the "House Bill"). For summaries of earlier legislation, please refer to our December 18, 2009 Corporate Securities Update and our August 5, 2009 Executive Compensation Alert.
We believe that legislative changes to public company executive compensation and corporate governance are likely, as a result of both Congressional legislative action and Securities and Exchange Commission regulatory initiatives. It is important for public company directors, executives, counsel and advisers to familiarize themselves with the outlines of likely reform so that they can anticipate changes that may be required in response.
Shareholders have annual advisory (nonbinding) vote on the executive compensation matters disclosed in the proxy statement.
Shareholders to have an advisory (nonbinding) vote on "golden parachute" compensation payable in connection with a change in control if such compensation has not been previously approved by shareholders.
All compensation committee members must be "independent" (no compensation from the Company, other than in their capacity as a member of the board of directors or a member of a board committee).
Independence definition prohibits other compensation of committee members.
Independence to be defined in stock exchange listing standards, including consideration of sources of compensation and whether member is affiliated with the issuer.
The compensation committee must have the authority, funding and sole discretion to retain and obtain the advice of independent compensation consultants, independent counsel and other advisers. Company must provide funding.
Note: tax rules generally require similar independence thresholds as a condition to tax deductibility.
Advisers to the compensation committee will be required to meet independence standards to be established by the SEC.
Note: SEC rules currently require disclosure of whether consultant provides additional services for the Company.
Yes. Does not specifically include legal counsel.
Requires proxy statement disclosure of whether the committee engaged an independent consultant.
Yes. Specifically includes legal counsel.
Sets forth specific factors that affect adviser or counsel independence, including (i) the services provided to the Company by adviser's employer, and fees received for them, (ii) conflict of interest policies of the adviser's employer, (iii) any business or personal relationship between the adviser and a committee member, and (iv) any Company stock held by the adviser.
Requires proxy statement disclosure of whether the committee engaged an independent consultant, and any conflicts of interest that arose.
The SEC shall require companies to disclose in their annual proxy statement the relationship between executive compensation paid and the financial performance of the Company.
Issuers must have policy that requires re-payment of incentive compensation (including stock options) paid to current or former executives in the three years prior to an accounting restatement that results from the Company's material noncompliance with any financial reporting requirement.
Yes. Stock exchanges to implement through listing standards.
The SEC shall require companies to disclose whether any employee or director is permitted to purchase financial instruments that are designed to hedge or offset a decrease in market value of the Company's securities.
Companies must disclose to a federal regulator the details of incentive-based compensation arrangements and limit incentives that could result in undue risks that could threaten the soundness of the financial institutions or that could have serious adverse effects on the Company's economic conditions or financial stability.
Note: current SEC rules require risk analysis and disclosure, but with no outright prohibition.
Amends Exchange Act to clarify that the SEC has the authority to make rules governing process for including shareholder nominees for director in the Company's annual proxy statement.
Note: Provides the SEC with statutory authority to move forward with its already proposed proxy access rules.
Requires majority vote for election of directors in uncontested director elections (plurality in contested elections). Directors receiving less than a majority of the votes cast would be required to tender their resignation; the board must accept the resignation unless it unanimously refuses to do so, in which case it must disclose the analysis used in reaching the decision, citing specific reasons why the decision was in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders.
Yes. To be implemented through the stock exchanges. Gives SEC the power to exempt issuers based on size, market capitalization, number of shareholders and other factors.
The SEC must issue rules requiring public companies to disclose in the annual proxy statement why the same person serves as chairman of the board and chief executive officer, or different individuals serve in those capacities.
Note: Likely already covered by SEC proxy disclosure enhancements that now require a description of the board's leadership structure.
Whether proposed legislation will gain the support necessary to become law is far from clear, and passage will hinge on how Congress proposes to change the regulation of the financial services industry. We do expect that the executive compensation and corporate governance provisions described above will, in substantial part, be part of any final legislation. For more information on these or related matters, please contact Scott Spector or Horace Nash.


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Q: __invoke behavior lost on object reference Recently I came across with the following issue. This is a simple example where the issue occurs.
class a{
    public function __invoke($classname){
        return new $classname($this);
    }
}
class b{
    private $obj;
    public function __construct($obj){
        $this->obj = $obj;
    }
    public function getC(){
        return $this->obj('c');
    }
}
class c{}

$a = new a;
$a('b')->getC();

When i execute this code, I get the following error

Fatal error: Call to undefined method b::obj()

It seems the behavior of __invoke is lost on the object reference on this line
return $this->obj('c');

Its actually not that big problem for me because I can do it this way as well
return $this->obj->__invoke('c');

..but i would really like to know why __invoke does not work as expected here. Can anyone explain me this? Thanks in advance!

A: My guess is that it's because functions and objects in PHP are still not treated quite equally (even though recent versions of PHP have tried to fix this). I suspect there's a language limitation that doesn't allow for the obj in $this->obj() to be treated as an object (since that syntax would normally refer to a method), and so it instead inspects only the methods exposed by the class.
I've not tested it, but this might work:
$obj = $this->obj;
return $obj('c');

Of course, ideally, $this->obj should be accessible as an object whether it's a field of the class or a method defined by the class. This way, it wouldn't matter that there's an ambiguity in the syntax since there's no need for a distinction in the first place, but PHP doesn't work like this!

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