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U.S.S.R. so good in its heydey, its play 'wasn't even hockey. It was like ballet or something'
By Joe PosnanskiFeb 14, 2014, 2:00 PM EST
SOCHI, Russia – A feeling lingers in Russia. In the moments after Russia's occasionally brilliant and often sloppy 5-2 victory over Slovenia Thursday, reporters peppered coach Zinetula Bilyaletdinov with somewhat indignant questions that seemed just a little bit out of step with the moment. After all, this was only the Russians' first game, a virtual warm-up against an over-matched team, and they did win pretty comfortably …
Bam: Why did the team decline so much in the second period?
Bam: If you could not stop the Slovenian line, all due respect, how can you stop the Americans?
Bam: What are you going to do about the struggling first line?
The Russians have not won a gold medal in hockey in more than 20 years. Officially, they have never even won a gold medal as Russia – their eight Olympic gold medals came under the banner of the Soviet Union and the Unified Team.
And still, a feeling lingers – a feeling that this sport is conclusively Russian, a feeling that the nation's greatest traits come out in ballet, literature and the hockey rink, a feeling that no many how many years of heartbreak go by, Russia is supposed to win the hockey gold medal.
VIDEO: Watch U.S.-Russia (Saturday, 7:30 am ET) live online
There was, for all intents and purposes, no ice hockey in Russia before World War II ended. There were a few fledgling efforts to get hockey started, and these generally died before they were born. Instead, there was a popular ice sport called bandy, and it helped define a Russian style of hockey unlike anything that came before.
Bandy is a lot like soccer on ice – the outdoor rink is roughly the same size as a soccer pitch, there are 11 players on each team, the ball used is small and round and so on. Success in bandy depends on speed and precise passing and angles – there is not much player contact – so this was the perspective the Russians brought to ice hockey. The Canadians and Americans would rough you up. The Russians were too refined for that kind of game.
The father of Russian hockey was a fascinating man named Anatoli Tarasov who seems like he was sort of a Bear Bryant type of coach. In 1946, in the wake of more than 20 million Russian deaths during the war, there was an effort to start the first Russian hockey league. Legend goes that the first championship was basically formed based on a couple of old hockey rulebooks.
Tarasov was soon taking the lead in creating a Russian style of hockey. He wanted to make it different from the rough-and-tumble Canadian version of the game – he never did like those physical Canadians.
"A hockey player," he once said, "must have the wisdom of a chess player, the accuracy of a sniper and the rhythm of a musician." This was how he saw the game. As art. As expression. And to a startling degree, he was able to bring that vision to the ice. The Soviet team played in its first world championships in 1954 – just eight years after the sport essentially began. And the Soviets won it, going undefeated and crushing Canada 7-2 in the final game.
Tarasov had instilled his hockey vision just that quickly. He was forceful man, exuberant, irrepressible, exceedingly harsh one minute, positively jovial the next. His players loved him and despised him in equal measure (which made him different from the other giant of Russian hockey, Viktor Tikhonov, who was unanimously hated).
His love was for the strategies of the game, the angles, the methods of attack. He wanted his players to know each other so well that they would sense, instinctively, without looking, where everyone stood on the ice. He saw the beautiful geometry of the rink and was thrilled with a pass that seemed headed for nowhere only to have a teammate materialize and take the puck in full stride.
The Russian style of hockey awed the world, much in the same way that the Brazilian style of soccer or the American style of basketball did. The Soviet Union took its sports very seriously during the Cold War. Each gold medal, each world record, each triumph was seen as just that, a triumph of Soviet dominance. It was that way in space. It was that way in the arts. And it was particularly that way in hockey. The Soviets won 22 world championships and eight Olympic gold medals and, even more, won them with style and finesse and a flair that was exclusively Russian.
VIDEO: Introducing Russian hockey sensation Viktor Tikhonov
"When they got it going," American Mike Eruzione would say, "it wasn't even hockey. It was like ballet or something. You would be on the ice watching them just like the fans."
It has been a long time since Russian hockey was like that. The breakup of the Soviet Union badly hurt the team. Between 2002 and 2010, Belarus, Latvia, Kazakhstan and Ukraine each fielded a hockey team that qualified for the Olympics. All four countries were part of the Soviet Union before the break.
And with the addition of NHL players to the Olympics, Russia's ability to field a brilliantly honed team that can make art – the way Tarasov's teams did – is basically at zero. Olympic hockey now is more about individual skill and the ability to make quick adjustments than it is about building a finely tuned team that moves as one.
But a feeling lingers in Russia. Also, there's a tremendous amount of talent on this year's Russian team. Alex Ovechkin, Evgeni Malkin and Pavel Datsyuk probably go on most fans 10 best players in the world list. And with the advantage of home ice and some goaltending questions among the other favorites, there's a feeling that this is the year for Russia to capture some old glory.
There really wasn't a lot to learn from Thursday's game. The Russians scored two goals in the first five minutes and peppered Slovenia goalie Robert Kristan with shot after shot in the first period. The Russians promptly lost their edge in the second period against a game Slovenian team. They regained their footing in the third.
VIDEO: U.S. ready for its showdown with Russia
It was the sort of game, frankly, where you probably saw what you expected to see, and what Russian journalists saw, predictably, was doom. You could almost hear the minds whirring away as they tried to figure out the conversion rate for a 5-2 win over Slovenia against Saturday's game against the loaded U.S. team.
There's so much pressure on this Russian hockey team. The Sochi Olympic cost $50 billion and countless hours of frustration to create … and for what? There are other gold medals, of course. Russia won the pair figure skating, for instance – Russia has an unprecedented record in pairs figure skating.
But, in Russia, realistically, there are no other gold medals.
"What would gold mean here?" Ovechkin was asked in what has already become the most talked about exchange of the Olympics. Ovechkin had clearly prepared his answer.
"It means gold only cost $50 billion," he said and he smiled. It was a joke. Sort of.


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Controvento è un singolo della cantante italiana Arisa, pubblicato il 18 febbraio 2014 come primo estratto dal quarto album in studio Se vedo te.

La canzone vinse il 64ª edizione del Festival di Sanremo.

Descrizione
Il brano, scritto da Giuseppe Anastasi, fu presentato da Arisa in occasione della 64ª edizione del Festival di Sanremo, segnando la quarta partecipazione della cantante alla kermesse in qualità di concorrente.

Controvento venne eseguito durante la prima serata del Festival nella categoria "Campioni". La canzone, sfidandosi contro il secondo inedito portato dall'artista, Lentamente (Il primo che passa), passò il turno della votazione combinata tra giuria e televoto, ottenendo il 64% delle preferenze: il regolamento di quell'anno infatti prevedeva che ogni artista proponesse in gara due canzoni. Nell'ultima serata della manifestazione Controvento ottenne il primo posto, permettendo ad Arisa di conquistare la sua seconda vittoria nell'ambito della kermesse, dopo aver già trionfato fra le "Nuove Proposte" nel 2009 con Sincerità.

A proposito del significato del brano, la cantante aveva dichiarato:

Video musicale
Il videoclip del singolo, diretto da Ivana Smudja, fu pubblicato su YouTube dal canale della Warner Music Italy il 18 febbraio 2014.

Successo commerciale
Controvento debuttò in vetta alla Top Singoli, mantenendo la sua permanenza al primo posto della classifica per due settimane consecutive e dimostrandosi il terzo numero uno della cantante dopo Sincerità e La notte. A distanza di dieci settimane dalla pubblicazione, il singolo fu certificato disco d'oro dalla FIMI per le oltre  copie vendute, mentre sette settimane più tardi venne certificato  disco di platino per aver superato il traguardo delle  copie vendute.
Nel corso dell'anno Arisa ricevette anche il limone d'oro durante il Radionorba Battiti Live a Bari il 28 luglio 2014.

Controversie
A seguito della vittoria del Festival di Sanremo, Red Ronnie sostenne che la canzone Controvento fosse un plagio di Entra nel cuore di Micol Barsanti; il popolare conduttore affermava che l'intro del pezzo fosse praticamente identico a quello della cantante lucana. La stessa Barsanti, tuttavia, successivamente dichiarò di non aver mai parlato di plagio e che le due canzoni differissero completamente per melodia e armonia ma che l'arrangiamento dell'introduzione dei due brani fosse molto simile.

Tracce

Classifiche

Classifiche settimanali

Classifiche di fine anno

Note

Collegamenti esterni

Brani musicali del Festival di Sanremo 2014
Brani musicali vincitori del Festival di Sanremo
Singoli al numero uno in Italia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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L. G. v. Brock
United States District Court, D. South Carolina, Florence Division
L.G., as the parent and natural guardian of JANE DOE, a minor, Plaintiff,
CARRIE BROCK, MACK BURGESS, HESTER GADSDEN, and WILLIAMSBURG COUNTY SCHOOL DISTRICT, Defendants.
Matthew T. Douglas Attorneys for Plaintiff.
Vernie L. Williams Attorneys for Defendants.
R. BRYAN HARWELL, JADGE.
This matter is before the Court following a teleconference between the parties and the Court regarding Defendants' failure to timely answer and respond to Plaintiff's discovery requests.
I. FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
This is a Title IX and 1983 action arising from alleged student on student sexual harassment and discrimination. On August 17, 2018, Plaintiff served the Defendants with Plaintiff's First Set of Interrogatories and Plaintiff's First Set of Requests for Production. Following several consultations between the parties, Plaintiff's counsel contacted the Court to schedule an informal telephone conference to address the outstanding discovery issues consistent with this Court's requirement that the parties engage in an informal teleconference with the Court prior to the filing of a discovery motion. On November 2, 2018, the informal conference was held which resulted in the Court entering a Text Entry (Dkt. No. 19) which stated, in part, that the "call concluded with Defendants agreeing to produce the requested discovery by November 17, 2018."
On November 28, 2018, the Defendants electronically forwarded Plaintiff's counsel some, but not all, responsive documents. As of the date of this order, the Defendants have not served the Plaintiff with any formal Responses to Plaintiff's First Set of Requests for Production nor any answers to Plaintiff's First Set of Interrogatories.
On January 4, 2019, the Court held another informal teleconference call with the parties' counsel regarding Plaintiff's still-outstanding discovery requests. In response thereto, the Court filed a Text Entry (Dkt. No. 22) which states, in part, as follows, "The Court suggested the parties attempt to reach a consent order to resolve the discovery-related delays/issues, and that consent order could provide for an appropriate sanction for noncompliance….If the parties cannot reach an agreement on a consent order, Plaintiff may file an appropriate motion." This order comes in response to the parties' consultation.
II. LEGAL STANDARD
Fed. R. Civ. P. 37 ("Rule 37") permits the district court to enter orders compelling discovery and to impose an array of sanctions for the failure to comply with such orders. Fed.R.Civ.P. 37(b)(2)(A). Rule 37(b)(2)(A) governs the appropriate sanctions for failure to obey a discovery order, stating in pertinent part: "If a party...fails to obey an order to provide or permit discovery...the court...may issue further just orders...[including]... dismissing the action or proceeding in whole or in part; rendering a default judgment against the disobedient party; or treating as contempt of court the failure to obey any order...." Fed.R.Civ.P. 37(b)(2)(A). "In exercising its discretion to select sanctions appropriate to the particular violation, however, the district court should consider four factors: (1) whether the noncomplying party acted in bad faith; (2) the amount of prejudice his noncompliance caused his adversary, which necessarily includes an inquiry into the materiality of the evidence he failed to produce; (3) the need for deterrence of the particular sort of noncompliance; and (4) the effectiveness of less drastic sanctions." McKenna v. Sovran Bank NA, 836 F.2d 546, 1987 WL 30159, at *3 (4th Cir. 1987) (citations omitted). "A district court must consider all of these factors; however, no one factor is dispositive." Elmore v. City of Greenwood, C/A No. 3:13-cv-01755-TLW-KDW, 2015 WL 3868068, at *7 (D.S.C. June 23, 2015) (quoting Cox v. Deal, No. CIV. 2:09-CV-2715, 2011 WL 3418397, at *5 (D.S.C. Aug. 3, 2011)).
"In considering what sanctions are appropriate, the court must focus on determining a sanction that fits the case at hand, considering the potential harm to the party seeking discovery and the conduct of the non-producing party." Ashmore v. Allied Energy, Inc., No. 8:14-CV-00227-JMC, 2016 WL 2898007, at *3 (D.S.C. May 18, 2016) (quoting Taylor v. Specialty Mktg., Inc., No. 91-3053, 1993 WL 21080, at *2 (4th Cir. Feb. 2, 1993)).
III. ANALYSIS
The Defendants have agreed to serve the Plaintiff with full and complete Answers to Interrogatories and Responses to Requests for Production on or before January 21, 2019. In the event the Defendants fail to meet this deadline, the Defendants shall be imposed sanctions that shall include the following: (i) attorney's fees and costs related to the Defendants' failure to timely produce discovery responses and (ii) any other sanction deemed appropriate by the Court under the circumstances.
After considering the four pertinent factors and determining a sanction that fits the case at hand in connection with the undisputed procedural background giving rise to this matter, this Court finds that the sanctions set forth above are reasonable, appropriate and necessary in the event the Defendants fail to meet the January 21, 2019 deadline. This order does not preclude the Plaintiff from ...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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RIDERS INFO
3 DAYS CROC
Photoservice
TRAVEL & ACCOMODATION
STAGE PLAN
RIDERS COMMENTS
The Crocodile Trophy was founded by ex-Road Pro and Tour de France Racer, Gerhard Schönbacher. The Austrian first had the idea of organising a ´Tour de France´ type of cycle race for mountain bikes in 1993. Originally, it was planned to be the longest and most difficult mountain bike stage race in the world and was actually not supposed to take place in Australia but in Vietnam. It was to start in Saigon and finish in Hanoi 18 days and 2500km later. However, after spending two weeks in Saigon, Schönbacher realised that it wasn't possible to organise the event he had visualised in that way there. Here our founder tells the story what happened next.
Australia, where I had been active as a pro-cyclist from 1982 – 1986, and where I had settled buying a house at the time was the perfect choice. – Gerhard Schönbacher
Gerhard assembled a team and flew to Darwin in the Northern Territory, studied the most accurate maps and finally decided on a route between Darwin and Cairns. In Darwin they collected as much information as they could on the route with the help of the local tourism organisation, police and ranger station. After a few days the team believed to have all crucial information together, even though it was all quite scanty. We were advised to obtain further tips from the farms along the way.
We left Darwin in an all-terrain vehicle packed with food and water, and headed on a recce mission towards the Kakadu National Park, a world heritage site and one of the most beautiful nature parks in the world.
The most difficult thing had been to find challenging routes and tracks which could still be ridden on a mountain bike. The individual stages had to be less than 180km, which was not always possible as the crew soon found out as sometimes there was no farm, water station or even a river at the end of such a distance.
Searching for a name for the event, Schönbacher went through all the Australian animals, from "Koala GP" to "Kangaroo Challenge", but nothing felt right until the third or fourth evening during the recce mission.
Where we camped on the river bank having a few glasses of wine and tossing around ideas for a name, when a warning sign board suddenly drew our attention: "Don't swim – Crocodiles" – This sign struck us. We finally had the name for our event. The "Crocodile Trophy" was born.
The first Crocodile Trophy was held in 1995 and took riders from Darwin to Cairns. It had 17 stages and the racers had to complete 2,556km. The race route has changed for every edition ever since and has it´s current home in Australia´s "Tropical North Queensland".
World Wide Sports Agency
12 Satellite Street, Clifton Beach Australia
info@croc.at
© 2018 reginastanger.com
POSTPONEMENT: 2020 → 2021 21. October 2020
Corona Virus Update 04 16. April 2020
Corona Virus Update 03 4. April 2020
Corona Virus Update 02 26. March 2020
CROC 2020 – STAGE PREVIEW: STAGE 5 17. March 2020


text:
Written Statements
General Affairs and External Relations Council
The Minister for Europe
(Mr. Geoffrey Hoon)
The General Affairs and External Relations Council (GAERC) will be held on 23 April in Luxembourg. My right hon. Friend the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs will represent the UK.
The agenda items are as follows:
World Trade Organisation/Doha Development Round
The Commission is expected to update the Council on its latest contacts, including the G4 ministerial in New Delhi.
Bilateral Mandates for Negotiations of Free Trade Agreements and Association Agreements
The Council is expected to agree mandates for the Commission to negotiate free trade agreements with the ASEAN countries, India and South Korea and Association agreements with the Central Americas and Community of Andean Nations.
Commissioner Mandelson is expected to brief the Council on progress on negotiations between the EU and the Gulf Cooperation Council on a free trade agreement.
EU-US Summit
The presidency is expected to brief the Council on preparations for the EU-US summit on 30 April including plans for a declaration covering political, economic and climate change issues. The Government support the presidency's objectives for the summit, particularly its desire to move transatlantic cooperation on economic and climate security issues forward.
The Council is expected to discuss recent developments in Sudan and will be briefed by UN Special Envoy for Darfur Jan Eliasson. Although the Government of Sudan have now accepted the second phase of the UN support for the African Union peacekeeping force, they have yet to accept the third phase, a hybrid African Union/UN force. The Government want the EU to maintain pressure on Khartoum to accept the full African Union/UN peacekeeping force as well as the ceasefire and reinvigorated political process agreed in Addis Ababa last November.
The Council is expected to discuss the situation in Zimbabwe and adopt conclusions that the Government will argue should condemn recent and ongoing human rights abuses and extend the EU's visa ban list in response while welcoming the commitment of the Southern African Development Community to engage in efforts to resolve the crisis in Zimbabwe.
The Council is expected to discuss the situation in Somalia and adopt conclusions expressing concern about the recent violence in Somalia and stressing the importance of implementing the UNSCR 1744 in addressing the political, security and humanitarian challenges in Somalia. The Government will stress the need for the EU to continue to work for full implementation of UNSCR 1744, particularly for the National Reconciliation Congress in Mogadishu to convene as soon as possible and for the rapid deployment of further elements of the African Union's mission to Somalia.
The Council is expected to discuss the presidency's plans for an EU Central Asia strategy and agree conclusions noting the second round of EU-Uzbekistan expert talks on Andizhan and the decision to establish a regular, results-orientated human rights dialogue with Uzbekistan.
The Government support the presidency's plans to increase engagement in the region, which it will want to ensure reflects the EU's human rights concerns.
The Council is expected to agree a common position implementing UNSCR 1747. The Government will underline Iran's lack of progress against United Nations Security Council, International Atomic Energy Agency and EU benchmarks and the consequent need to maintain international pressure, which is beginning to prompt debate within the regime.
The high representative for the common foreign and security policy Javier Solana, is likely to brief the Council on contacts with Ali Larijani, Secretary of Iran's Supreme National Security Council, as part of the EU's agreed twin track approach.
The presidency is expected to update the Council on the situation in the western Balkans.
The February Council conclusions set out the EU's support for former President Ahtisaari's proposals on Kosovo's status and make the restart of stabilisation and association agreement talks with Serbia conditional upon concrete action by a new Serb Government on co-operation with the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia. The Government fully support this position.
The Council is expected to welcome the Arab League Peace Initiative and to extend the temporary international mechanism for support to the Palestinians for three months while setting out that the EU's long-term goal is to resume direct budgetary assistance once there is a Palestinian Government whose policy and actions reflect the three Quartet principles. The Council should also highlight the importance of building the capacity of Palestinian institutions, a position the Government support as essential in achieving success in political negotiations.
International Moratorium on the Death Penalty
Italy has asked to discuss EU action to promote a global moratorium and eventual abolition of the death penalty. The Government fully support this important EU objective.


Hen Parties at home are fast becoming popular in Ireland as an alternative to the traditional Hen Night on the town. A Hen Party at home is ideal for those who don't like to paint the town red or for a bride who is having a hen abroad but not everyone can go. A Hen Party at home is a fantastic way to include everyone in celebrating your upcoming nuptials.
Choose your theme and add some personality to your Hen Party. You could have a champagne or Prosecco reception with some delicious cupcakes, a DIY Photobooth, Mr & Mrs Games, the idea's are endless!
This is a really fun way to celebrate going from Miss to Mrs!


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Model Ship Builder :: Forums :: Reference Material :: Books
Anatomy of an Admiralty Model
Gene Bodnar
Sat Jan 17 2015, 06:22pm
by Robert Bruckshaw
Free book on the web that can be found by googling "Anatomy of an Admiralty Model pdf"
The first page of the book says "This manuscript by Master Modeler Robert Bruckshaw was discovered in the archives of the Great Lakes Historical Society Inland Seas Maritime Museum by Dave Stevens.
The volume is described as a "Diamond in the Rough" because it was never completed and is unedited in form. Some of the discussions are unclear. Although there are many photographs throughout the book, none of them are labeled even though the author refers to Fig. 1 or Fig. 2, etc.
However, on the plus side -- and that's a very big plus -- the book is filled with valuable tips and methods of building on almost every aspect of building an admiralty model, including research, plans, lofting, building techniques, building tables, hulls, planking, deck fittings, beakheads, cannons, shop hints, jigs, paint, rigging -- you name it. It is a fascinating read, even though unclear at times, because of the gems it contains.
As it says on the first page, you will come away from this book saying, "Why didn't I think of that?" or "That's a great jig" or "I'll have to try that." The manuscript is educational, entertaining, and well worth the download.
[ Edited Sat Jan 17 2015, 06:23pm ]
Joined: Wed Jul 15 2009, 12:01pm
yup looks like someone finally did a pirated version of the CD the lumberyard published.
there is a story behind the manuscript
back in the days of the museum club two of the leading members were Bob Bruckshaw and Harold Hahn
Harold was actually a student of Bob's and I became a student of Harold. So I got to know Bob through Harold. Well when bob passed away the NRG went to his wife and asked for his modeling belongings and library. At the time she said no because she was going to give it to the museum. But as it turned out she was duped and gave almost everything to NRG members who were members of our modeling club thinking they were going to the museum. Instead the work of Bob Bruckshaw vanished except for a few boxes of stuff which were in our shop. Years ago I asked directors of the NRG where all Bruckshaw's stuff was because his wife said it went to you and they said they knew nothing, saw nothing, know nothing. In one box in our shop was this raw manuscript so I took it to the directors of the NRG asking them if they wanted to publish it. They said no it was to rough and cost to much and not worth the effort. So I took it on myself to form a group of volunteers and published the manuscript "as is" and that is why my name is on it.
I'm sorry. I wasn't even aware there was a CD, much less being sold on your site.
Perhaps this thread should be deleted??
donfarr
Joined: Fri Dec 23 2011, 09:51pm
Dave, I too did not know these cd existed, I certainly will be bying them shortly. Don
Sun Jan 18 2015, 02:56pm
http://www.dlumberyard.com/Shopping%20Cart/Out/index1.html?c26.html&1
I know over at NRG/MSW they are very anti pirate and ban anyone from buying pirated kits or downloading pirated plans, CDs or other material. They will black list companies or people if they don't like what you are doing or said.
I do not have a copyright on the CD or the manuscript I did not even lock the CD to prevent it from being copied. So it is fair game. Just make sure there is no virus lurking in the file.
All is fair in love and war and what you can find on the internet
for anyone with some spare change you can purchase a model built by Bob Bruckshaw. He has built and sold several models to the Smithsonian and was a personal friend of Howard Chapelle.
Bob once said " I cannot clearly define the feeling. It is some kind of desire, love, madness or whatever that leads a man to build model ships. Any serious model builder will recognize the feeling that I am trying to express."
[ Edited Sun Jan 18 2015, 05:42pm ]
Bill Edgin
Joined: Wed Jan 22 2014, 02:37am
Thank you both for the information. I did take a look at the book and it is great. I have ordered both the book CD and the Harold Hahn CD set (4CD)s from the Lumberyard. Since my next ship will be an admiralty version of the Brig Eagle, these will come in very handy.


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Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act
The Tariff Act of 1930 that raised import duties to protect U.S. businesses and farmers
Home › Resources › Knowledge › Economics › Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act
What is the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act?
The Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act raised around 900 import tariffs by an average of 40% to 60%. Also referred to as the United States Tariff Act of 1930, its purpose was to safeguard U.S. businesses and farmers. Rather, it added extensive stress to the Great DepressionThe Great DepressionThe Great Depression was a worldwide economic depression that took place from the late 1920s through the 1930s. For decades, debates went on about what caused the economic catastrophe, and economists remain split over a number of different schools of thought.. The law got its name from its chief supporters, Representative Willis Hawley of Oregon and Senator Reed Smoot of Utah.
Understanding the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act
In June 1930, the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act increased U.S. tariffs on agricultural imports and more than 20,000 imported goods. The tariffs imposed were the second-highest in American history. The goal was to protect American farmers who were most affected by the Great Depression. However, it raised the prices of food and other items.
Other countries retaliated with their respective tariff hikes, forcing global trade to decline by 65%. Economists believe that the Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act was one of the principal causes of the economic depressionEconomic DepressionAn economic depression is an occurrence wherein an economy is in a state of financial turmoil, often the result of a period of negative activity based on the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) rate. It is a lot worse than a recession, with GDP falling significantly, and usually lasts for many years.. The legislation highlighted how dangerous protectionist trade policies are for the world economy. Afterward, most countries promoted free trade agreements that support fair trade for all.
During the time of the Great Depression, farmers made up around 20% of the U.S. population. Food prices skyrocketed between 1915 and 1918 as countries emerged from World War I. In the 1920s, as European farmers were recovering from the war, American farmers met harsh competition and falling prices due to overproduction. As a result, American agricultural bodies pushed the government to safeguard against agricultural goods and imports.
During the 1928 U.S. presidential campaign, Herbert Hoover vowed to raise prices on agricultural imports. However, as soon he took office, representatives from other sectors asked him to increase tariffs on other imported goods. The bill came into law on June 17, 1930.
The law raised the tariff by approximately 20%, prompting other countries to impose high tariffs on U.S. exports as retaliation. It led to U.S. exports falling from $7 billion in 1929 to $2.5 billion in 1932. Farm exports were down by one-third from their 1929 levels by 1933. International tradeInternational TradeInternational trade is an exchange involving a good or service conducted between at least two different countries. The exchanges can be plummeted 65%.
In 1934, President Roosevelt signed the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act, which reduced tariffs and supported trade independence and collaboration across countries. Some historians believe that the tariff hike deepened the Great Depression, which might have incited the rise of political extremism and extremist leaders.
Impact of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act
On the Stock Market
On May 28, 1929, the Smoot-Hawley bill cleared the U.S. House of Representatives. On March 24, 1930, it passed the Senate, triggering a fall in stock prices. On June 17, 1930, President Herbert Hoover signed the bill into law, further plummeting the stock market.
Foreigners started withdrawing capital from the stock market. Millions of investors incurred heavy losses when the market crashed. Soon, imports became overly expensive, making it tougher for the jobless to buy anything other than domestic goods.
On Global Relations
The legislation did the most harm by souring trade relations with other countries. The League of Nations, of which the U.S. was not part, previously talked of a tariff treaty. However, the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act helped undermine that idea.
By September 1929, the Hoover administration experienced protests from 23 trading partners following news of the higher tariffs. However, the U.S. ignored the retaliation threat. As a result, Canada, the U.S.' largest trading partner, imposed extra duties on some American goods and cut tariffs on imports from the rest of the British Empire.
On the General Economy
Within two years, several countries adopted similar retaliatory duties. It led to the worsening of an already struggling world economy and reducing global trade. U.S. imports and exportsImports and ExportsImports are the goods and services that are purchased from the rest of the world by a country's residents, rather than buying domestically with Europe fell by two-thirds between 1929 and 1932.
Global trade declined at a similar rate in the four years the legislation was in effect, making it harder for the United States to pull itself out of its economic difficulties.
Amending Trade Policies
The drastic effects of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act influenced the long-term trade policies. At the start of the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act of 1934, the U.S. began to negotiate exclusive trade policies with countries.
Over the following decades, the U.S. encouraged international trade by taking a lead role in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and the World Trade Organization (WTO).
Today's world economy is dependent on one another. The Smoot-Hawley Act showed that trade protectionism practices could severely affect one's economy and the global economy. Being the economic epicenter, the U.S. is accountable for putting together policies that are fair for all.
CFI is the official provider of the global Commercial Banking & Credit Analyst (CBCA)™Program Page - CBCAGet CFI's CBCA™ certification and become a Commercial Banking & Credit Analyst. Enroll and advance your career with our certification programs and courses. certification program, designed to help anyone become a world-class financial analyst. To keep advancing your career, the additional resources below will be useful:
Economic UnionEconomic UnionAn economic union is one of the different types of trade blocs. It refers to an agreement between countries that allows products, services, and workers to cross borders freely. The union is aimed at eliminating internal trade barriers between the member countries, with the goal of economically benefitting all the member countries.
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is an agreement that brought together three North American countries, i.e., the United States, Canada, and
Non-Tariff BarriersNon-Tariff BarriersNon-tariff barriers are trade barriers that restrict the import or export of goods through means other than tariffs. The World Trade
World Trade Organization (WTO)World Trade Organization (WTO)The World Trade Organization (WTO) is a multilateral organization headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. It came into existence on January 1


text:
package de.peeeq.wurstscript.frotty.jassValidator;

import de.peeeq.wurstscript.jassAst.*;

public class JassValidator {

    @SuppressWarnings("null")
    public static void validate(JassProg p) {
        p.accept(new JassProg.DefaultVisitor() {

            @Override
            public void visit(JassExprVarAccess e) {
                super.visit(e);
                e.attrVariableDefinition();
            }

            @Override
            public void visit(JassExprVarArrayAccess e) {
                super.visit(e);
                e.attrVariableDefinition();
            }

            @Override
            public void visit(JassExprFunctionCall e) {
                super.visit(e);
                e.attrFunctionCall();
            }

            @Override
            public void visit(JassExprFuncRef e) {
                super.visit(e);
                e.attrFuncRef();
            }

            @Override
            public void visit(JassStmtCall e) {
                super.visit(e);
                e.attrFunctionCall();
            }

            @Override
            public void visit(JassStmtSet e) {
                super.visit(e);
                e.attrVariableDefinition();
            }

            @Override
            public void visit(JassStmtSetArray e) {
                super.visit(e);
                e.attrVariableDefinition();
            }

        });
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


These votive plaques called tamata are used in Greece, particularly in the Greek Orthodox Church, as offerings to religious icons or saints in exchange for a prayer granted. The votive plaques come in a variety of images and each image symbolises the subject of prayer for which the plaque is offered. For example, the plaques shown with an image of a baby and a man and woman might symbolise a prayer for a child to be conceived and for a happy marriage. Similarly, the plaque with an image of a leg might symbolise a prayer for a leg ailment to be cured. These votive plaques are made from silver plated metal and were purchased for the museum's collection in Crete in 2007.


Alessi expresses the finest in large scale industrial production in the houseware sector; both in terms of quality of manufacturing and design. It is one of the most recognizable and highly-coveted modern brands, Alessi has been creating beautiful dinnerware, cookware, housewarming gifts and modern home accents since 1921. This Italian brand boasts a wide range of colorful contemporary kitchenware and entertaining accessories to brighten your home and delight your visitors. From tea kettles to kitchen clocks, Alessi has all the fun, modern house wares you need!


'S e prìomh-bhaile riochdail Afraga a Deas a tha ann am Pretoria. Ach tha dà phrìomh-bhaile eile ann: Cape Town (reachdail) agus Bloemfontein (breithneachail). Tha Pretoria suidhichte mu 50 cilemeatair san taobh tuath Johannesburg anns an earra-thuath Afraga a Deas. Tha ruith-bheanntan Magaliesberg timcheall air a' bhaile. Tha Pretoria 412km bho Mhaseru (Leasoto), 1,175km bho Windhoek (Namibia) 921km bho Harare (Zimbabwe), 253km bho Ghaborone (Botsuana), 305km bho Mbabane (Dùthaich nan Suasaidh), agus 444km bho Maputo (Mòsaimbic). Tha e suidhichte ann an ceann a tuath na dùthcha, aig 1,335m os cionn ìre na mara.
Chaidh Pretoria a stèidheachadh anns a' bhliadhna 1855 le Marthinus Pretorius. Thaghadh esan an t-ainm airson urram a thoirt don athair aige: Andries Pretorius a bha na ghaisgeach nàiseanta. Bhon 1ad an Cèitean 1860 bha Pretoria na phrìomh-bhaile Poblachd Afraga a Deas neo (ZAR). Nuair a dh'atharraich Poblachd Afraga a Deas gu Afraga a Deas ann an 1961, bha Pretoria na phrìomh-bhaile riochdachail. Bha mì-chliù air a' bhaile mar: "Prìomh-bhaile Apartheid (sgaradh-cinnidh). Ach dh'atharraich sin aig an àm nuair a bha Nelson Mandela na chiad cheann-suidhe dhubh. Bha esan a' fuireach anns na Union Buildings ann am Pretoria. Tha an riaghaltas Afraga a Deas ag obair an seo. Tha an togalach na laighe air Meintjies Kop. 'S e an còigeamh baile as motha na dùthcha a tha' ann Pretoria.
University of South Africa, ainm goirid: UNISA, an t-oilthigh as motha a tha a' dèanamh foghlam aig astar.
Air a tharraing à "https://gd.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pretoria&oldid=497140"
Chaidh an duilleag seo a dheasachadh 24 dhen Ghiblean 2015 aig 13:19 turas mu dheireadh.


The Buddhist nation of Bhutan, with its population of around 740,000, draws interest from around the world because of its search for gross national happiness (GNH) rather than a slavish desire for economic growth at any cost.
By taking a cautious approach to its development, the land of the thunder dragon has been largely successful in avoiding the social and environmental destruction wreaked in other developing countries.
But as Bhutan seeks to further open its doors to the outside world and liberalise its economy to provide much-needed jobs and reduce poverty, it is starting to face many of the same challenges that other countries have spent years struggling to contain. The next few years will be critical in determining whether GNH is able to withstand the pincer movement of urbanisation and consumerism.
Tho Ha Vinh, the head of civil society organisation, the Gross National Happiness Centre, says Bhutan's attempt to balance economic prosperity and deep contentment is being closely watched by other countries seeking to understand how to incorporate wellbeing metrics into their own national performance.
"By Chinese standards, Bhutan is just one village, but it's very important because it's kind of a lab for the world," he says. "If one country can show it is possible to have an alternative development paradigm; that it is possible to grow and develop in such a way that is more holistic, more sustainable and that really focuses on what brings wellbeing and happiness to the people and to all life forms, that's a lab and the world can learn from.
"So if it fails here, well for Bhutan it's of course sad and too bad, but it would be even more so for the rest of the world."
In Bhutan's favour is that GNH is not based on a political fad but is borne out of something more profound and enduring. The country, which only saw the emergence of an embryonic private business sector 20 years ago, continues to nurture a deep sense of spirituality that is alive in the people and their relationship to nature. It's in the simple life in the scattered villages and in the scores of monasteries where monks chant through the day, as well as in the many debates ranging from how to manage conflicts between wild animals and humans over access to berries and nuts in the forests, to protecting the sacredness of the soil from chemical fertilisers.
But as wonderful and rich as the culture is, it is important not to romanticise the kingdom. The predominant agricultural sector is in danger of stagnating. Farming, on which nearly two-thirds of the population depends, is difficult at the best of times in these mountainous regions. Making a living is becoming even harder as weather patterns become more erratic and farms become more fragmented as land is traditionally split between siblings upon the death of the parents.
Many young people no longer want to work the land, get up at 5am to plough the fields with oxen, or spend nights warding off bears, wild boar and porcupines.
Prime minister Tshering Tobgay hopes the introduction of tractors and co-operatives as well as broader access to modern technology will make it more attractive to stay in farming communities. But this is unlikely to put people off the capital Thimphu, which has resulted in a property boom with prices to match.
One 21-year-old farmer I spoke to in the remote Tang valley, who already owns a tractor, seemed to speak for many of her generation when she told me how unhappy she is living in a tiny village. She dreams of a job in the city and the chance to wear makeup and socialise.
But while young people are flocking to Thimphu, many have difficulties finding jobs and adapting to being away from their traditional family lives. Tobgay points to growing feelings of isolation and a worrying rise in everything from suicide and addiction to divorce rates.
He says: "Urbanisation is a new phenomenon here, and we have to learn to live in an urban setting. The modern economy is also something that we're still trying to get to grips with, I mean we were all farmers."
The simple fact is that the economy is not in the most healthy of states, facing foreign currency shortfalls and remaining reliant on development aid. State-owned companies still dominate and the private sector remains tiny in size.
Those few entrepreneurs who are trying to make a go of it complain of a lack of access to capital, unnecessary red tape and long delays in providing permits to operate.
Businessman Sonam Tobgay Dorji, who was previously a civil servant, says: "We got carried away by brand Bhutan and our image. We need to get away from a planned economy. We have seen many well-intentioned policies but any time the government tries to intervene we get into trouble. We come from a paternalistic society where government will take care of you and the private sector is extremely tiny."
To address the shortfall in jobs, the government is seeking to liberalise the economy to attract more foreign direct investment in order to diversify away from its reliance on hydro-electric power, which creates little local employment. But what will the impact be?
Despite the government's wish to screen out companies that will not respect its GNH philosophy, overseas companies are unlikely to put happiness ahead of maximising profits. Making money for the sake of accumulating wealth is on the rise in Bhutan and when you scratch the surface, it is clear that many Bhutanese have a very limited understanding of what GNH means at a practical level. It is a shame, for example, that the chamber of commerce focuses on talking about the western concept of corporate social responsibility, when it has something much more powerful that is home grown.
A consumer culture is on the rise, driven by greater access to the TV and internet. As consumption tightens it grip, Buddhism is already starting to lose its core essence for many young urban people.
One young man I spoke to says many of his peers have lost their sense of the sacred and have fallen under the spell of the advertising. "We are told that owning more stuff will make them happy, but we are not being shown the suffering this addiction has caused in the West," he says.
With the lamas and monks remaining in their mountain retreats, it is being left to others to do their bit to ensure the Buddhist practice, on which GNH is based, remains accessible and relevant.
For example, the GNH centre is flying monks from Vietnamese Zen master Thich Nhat Hanh's monastery in Hong Kong to work with young people on the art of mindfulness because it cannot find monks in Bhutan who are prepared to get involved.
It is impossible to know whether Bhutan will achieve the balancing act of modernising without all the ills that traditionally accompany it. What is clear, however, is that the core Buddhist practice of following the middle path will be a skill that will be critical in determining whether Bhutan becomes another victim of globalisation or continues to be a beacon of hope to other nations.