text:
/**
 *    @file
 *          Defines events used by the chip Device Layer to signal actions
 *          or changes in device state.
 */

#pragma once
#include <stdint.h>

#include <inet/IPAddress.h>
#include <lib/core/DataModelTypes.h>

namespace chip {
namespace DeviceLayer {
namespace DeviceEventType {

enum
{
    kFlag_IsPublic           = 0x8000,
    kFlag_IsPlatformSpecific = 0x4000,
    kFlag_Reserved1          = 0x2000,
    kFlag_Reserved2          = 0x1000,
    kMaxEventNum             = 0x0FFF,
};

/**
 * Event Type Ranges
 *
 * Defines numeric ranges for event types based on their visibility to the application,
 * an whether or not they are specific to a particular platform adaptation.
 */
enum EventTypeRanges
{
    /**
     * Public Event Range
     *
     * Denotes a range of event types that are publicly visible to applications.  Events in this
     * range a generic to all platforms.
     */
    kRange_Public = kFlag_IsPublic,

    /**
     * Public, Platform-specific Event Range
     *
     * Denotes a range of platform-specific event types that are publicly visible to applications.
     */
    kRange_PublicPlatformSpecific = kFlag_IsPublic | kFlag_IsPlatformSpecific,

    /**
     * Internal Event Range
     *
     * Denotes a range of event types that are internal to the chip Device Layer.  Events in this
     * range a generic to all platforms.
     */
    kRange_Internal = 0,

    /**
     * Internal, Platform-specific Event Range
     *
     * Denotes a range of platform-specific event types that are internal to the chip Device Layer.
     */
    kRange_InternalPlatformSpecific = kFlag_IsPlatformSpecific,
};

inline bool IsPublic(uint16_t eventType)
{
    return (eventType & kFlag_IsPublic) != 0;
}
inline bool IsInternal(uint16_t eventType)
{
    return (eventType & kFlag_IsPublic) == 0;
}
inline bool IsPlatformSpecific(uint16_t eventType)
{
    return (eventType & kFlag_IsPlatformSpecific) != 0;
}
inline bool IsPlatformGeneric(uint16_t eventType)
{
    return (eventType & kFlag_IsPlatformSpecific) == 0;
}

/**
 * Public Event Types
 *
 * Enumerates event types that are visible to the application and common across
 * all platforms.
 */
enum PublicEventTypes
{
    /**
     * WiFi Connectivity Change
     *
     * Signals a change in connectivity of the device's WiFi station interface.
     */
    kWiFiConnectivityChange = kRange_Public,

    /**
     * Thread Connectivity Change
     *
     * Signals a change in connectivity of the device's Thread interface.
     */
    kThreadConnectivityChange,

    /**
     * Internet Connectivity Change
     *
     * Signals a change in the device's ability to communicate via the Internet.
     */
    kInternetConnectivityChange,

    /**
     * Service Connectivity Change
     *
     * Signals a change in the device's ability to communicate with a chip-enabled service.
     */
    kServiceConnectivityChange,

    /**
     * Service Provisioning Change
     *
     * Signals a change to the device's service provisioning state.
     */
    kServiceProvisioningChange,

    /**
     * Time Sync Change
     *
     * Signals a change to the device's real time clock synchronization state.
     */
    kTimeSyncChange,

    /**
     * SED Interval Change
     *
     * Signals a change to the sleepy end device interval.
     */
    kSEDIntervalChange,

    /**
     * CHIPoBLE Connection Established
     *
     * Signals that an external entity has established a new CHIPoBLE connection with the device.
     */
    kCHIPoBLEConnectionEstablished,

    /**
     * CHIPoBLE Connection Closed
     *
     * Signals that an external entity has closed existing CHIPoBLE connection with the device.
     */
    kCHIPoBLEConnectionClosed,

    /**
     * Thread State Change
     *
     * Signals that a state change has occurred in the Thread stack.
     */
    kThreadStateChange,

    /**
     * Thread Interface State Change
     *
     * Signals that the state of the Thread network interface has changed.
     */
    kThreadInterfaceStateChange,

    /**
     * chip-over-BLE (CHIPoBLE) Advertising Change
     *
     * Signals that the state of CHIPoBLE advertising has changed.
     */
    kCHIPoBLEAdvertisingChange,

    /**
     * IP address availability - either ipv4 or ipv6 addresses assigned to the underlying
     * wifi/ethernet interface.
     */
    kInterfaceIpAddressChanged,

    /**
     * Commissioning has completed by a call to the general commissioning cluster command.
     */
    kCommissioningComplete,

    /**
     * Signals that the fail-safe timer expired before the CommissioningComplete command was
     * successfully invoked.
     */
    kFailSafeTimerExpired,

    /**
     *
     */
    kOperationalNetworkEnabled,

    /**
     * Signals that DNS-SD platform layer was initialized and is ready to operate.
     */
    kDnssdPlatformInitialized,

    /**
     * Signals that bindings were updated.
     */
    kBindingsChangedViaCluster,

    /**
     * Signals that the state of the OTA engine changed.
     */
    kOtaStateChanged,
};

/**
 * Internal Event Types
 *
 * Enumerates event types that are internal to the chip Device Layer, but common across
 * all platforms.
 */
enum InternalEventTypes
{
    kEventTypeNotSet = kRange_Internal,
    kNoOp,
    kCallWorkFunct,
    kChipLambdaEvent,
    kChipSystemLayerEvent,
    kCHIPoBLESubscribe,
    kCHIPoBLEUnsubscribe,
    kCHIPoBLEWriteReceived,
    kCHIPoBLEIndicateConfirm,
    kCHIPoBLEConnectionError,
    kCHIPoBLENotifyConfirm
};

static_assert(kEventTypeNotSet == 0, "kEventTypeNotSet must be defined as 0");

} // namespace DeviceEventType

/**
 * Connectivity Change
 *
 * Describes a change in some aspect of connectivity associated with a chip device.
 */
enum ConnectivityChange
{
    kConnectivity_NoChange    = 0,
    kConnectivity_Established = 1,
    kConnectivity_Lost        = -1
};

enum class InterfaceIpChangeType
{
    kIpV4_Assigned,
    kIpV4_Lost,
    kIpV6_Assigned,
    kIpV6_Lost,
};

/**
 * Activity Change
 *
 * Describes a change in some activity associated with a chip device.
 */
enum ActivityChange
{
    kActivity_NoChange = 0,
    kActivity_Started  = 1,
    kActivity_Stopped  = -1,
};

enum OtaState
{
    kOtaSpaceAvailable = 0,
    /**
     * This state indicates that Node is currently downloading a software update.
     */
    kOtaDownloadInProgress,
    /**
     * This state indicates that Node has successfully downloaded a software update.
     */
    kOtaDownloadComplete,
    /**
     * This state indicates that Node has failed to download a software update.
     */
    kOtaDownloadFailed,
    /**
     * This state indicates that Node has aborted the download of a software update.
     */
    kOtaDownloadAborted,
    /**
     * This state indicate that Node is currently in the process of verifying and applying a software update.
     */
    kOtaApplyInProgress,
    /**
     * This state indicates that Node has successfully applied a software update.
     */
    kOtaApplyComplete,
    /**
     * This state indicates that Node has failed to apply a software update.
     */
    kOtaApplyFailed,
};

inline ConnectivityChange GetConnectivityChange(bool prevState, bool newState)
{
    if (prevState == newState)
        return kConnectivity_NoChange;
    if (newState)
        return kConnectivity_Established;
    return kConnectivity_Lost;
}

/**
 * A pointer to a function that performs work asynchronously.
 */
typedef void (*AsyncWorkFunct)(intptr_t arg);

} // namespace DeviceLayer
} // namespace chip

/* Include a header file containing platform-specific event definitions.
 */
#ifdef EXTERNAL_CHIPDEVICEPLATFORMEVENT_HEADER
#include EXTERNAL_CHIPDEVICEPLATFORMEVENT_HEADER
#elif defined(CHIP_DEVICE_LAYER_TARGET)
#define CHIPDEVICEPLATFORMEVENT_HEADER <platform/CHIP_DEVICE_LAYER_TARGET/CHIPDevicePlatformEvent.h>
#include CHIPDEVICEPLATFORMEVENT_HEADER
#endif // defined(CHIP_DEVICE_LAYER_TARGET)

#include <ble/BleConfig.h>
#include <inet/InetInterface.h>
#include <lib/support/LambdaBridge.h>
#include <system/SystemEvent.h>
#include <system/SystemLayer.h>
#include <system/SystemPacketBuffer.h>

namespace chip {
namespace DeviceLayer {

/**
 * Represents a chip Device Layer event.
 */
struct ChipDeviceEvent final
{
    uint16_t Type;

    union
    {
        ChipDevicePlatformEvent Platform;
        LambdaBridge LambdaEvent;
        struct
        {
            AsyncWorkFunct WorkFunct;
            intptr_t Arg;
        } CallWorkFunct;
        struct
        {
            ConnectivityChange Result;
        } WiFiConnectivityChange;
        struct
        {
            ConnectivityChange Result;
        } ThreadConnectivityChange;
        struct
        {
            ConnectivityChange IPv4;
            ConnectivityChange IPv6;
            // WARNING: There used to be `char address[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN]` here and it is
            //          deprecated/removed since it was too large and only used for logging.
            //          Consider not relying on ipAddress field either since the platform
            //          layer *does not actually validate* that the actual internet is reachable
            //          before issuing this event *and* there may be multiple addresses
            //          (especially IPv6) so it's recommended to use `ChipDevicePlatformEvent`
            //          instead and do something that is better for your platform.
            chip::Inet::IPAddress ipAddress;
        } InternetConnectivityChange;
        struct
        {
            struct
            {
                ConnectivityChange Result;
            } Overall;
            struct
            {
                ConnectivityChange Result;
            } ViaThread;
        } ServiceConnectivityChange;
        struct
        {
            ConnectivityChange Result;
        } ServiceSubscriptionStateChange;
        struct
        {
            bool IsMemberOfFabric;
        } FabricMembershipChange;
        struct
        {
            bool IsServiceProvisioned;
            bool ServiceConfigUpdated;
        } ServiceProvisioningChange;
        struct
        {
            bool IsPairedToAccount;
        } AccountPairingChange;
        struct
        {
            bool IsTimeSynchronized;
        } TimeSyncChange;
        struct
        {
            uint64_t PeerNodeId;
            uint16_t SessionKeyId;
            uint8_t SessionType;
            bool IsCommissioner;
        } SessionEstablished;
        struct
        {
            BLE_CONNECTION_OBJECT ConId;
        } CHIPoBLESubscribe;
        struct
        {
            BLE_CONNECTION_OBJECT ConId;
        } CHIPoBLEUnsubscribe;
        struct
        {
            BLE_CONNECTION_OBJECT ConId;
            chip::System::PacketBuffer * Data;
        } CHIPoBLEWriteReceived;
        struct
        {
            BLE_CONNECTION_OBJECT ConId;
        } CHIPoBLEIndicateConfirm;
        struct
        {
            BLE_CONNECTION_OBJECT ConId;
            CHIP_ERROR Reason;
        } CHIPoBLEConnectionError;
        struct
        {
            BLE_CONNECTION_OBJECT ConId;
        } CHIPoBLENotifyConfirm;
        struct
        {
            bool RoleChanged : 1;
            bool AddressChanged : 1;
            bool NetDataChanged : 1;
            bool ChildNodesChanged : 1;
            struct
            {
                uint32_t Flags;
            } OpenThread;
        } ThreadStateChange;
        struct
        {
            ActivityChange Result;
        } CHIPoBLEAdvertisingChange;
        struct
        {
            InterfaceIpChangeType Type;
        } InterfaceIpAddressChanged;

        struct
        {
            uint64_t nodeId;
            FabricIndex fabricIndex;
        } CommissioningComplete;

        struct
        {
            FabricIndex fabricIndex;
            bool addNocCommandHasBeenInvoked;
            bool updateNocCommandHasBeenInvoked;
        } FailSafeTimerExpired;

        struct
        {
            // TODO(cecille): This should just specify wifi or thread since we assume at most 1.
            int network;
        } OperationalNetwork;

        struct
        {
            OtaState newState;
        } OtaStateChanged;
    };

    void Clear() { memset(this, 0, sizeof(*this)); }
    bool IsPublic() const { return DeviceEventType::IsPublic(Type); }
    bool IsInternal() const { return DeviceEventType::IsInternal(Type); }
    bool IsPlatformSpecific() const { return DeviceEventType::IsPlatformSpecific(Type); }
    bool IsPlatformGeneric() const { return DeviceEventType::IsPlatformGeneric(Type); }
};

} // namespace DeviceLayer
} // namespace chip


text:
Formation of the WhaleTeam Encouraged
Going into the bush with your primary source of defense being stealth, provokes an adrenaline spike unlike anything you can get from coffee. The movie "American Sniper" provides a glimpse into the normality and human mind set of highly trained individuals willing to endure weeks of intense training, emotional hardships and service to our nation.
During the Vietnam War, the .50 caliber rifles used were different than the .50 caliber used now in the Middle East. Fifty caliber arms were heavier and mostly used in place with a tripod. The rounds for the .50 often required one man to carry the weapon and one man to carry the ammunition. The replacement for the M-1, the M-14 became one of the best weapons for distance shots, both light weight and extremely accurate. The Department of Defense exported the M-14's to other countries and later attempted to get many back with little success. The M-16 became a staple due to their smaller rounds, lighter weight and ability to rapid fire covering larger swaths of territory. Initially, the M-16 was basically worthless in the bush, jamming up, causing many troops deaths and having little accuracy. The problem was corrected by using Crome where the round enters the chamber and the M-16 became a staple for ground troops in Vietnam. The 30 cal. M-14, became a preference for long distance shots. Accuracy with or without a scope was amazing. My first impression of the M-14 was negative due to the plastic feel of new light weight materials and the need to tape and sound proof rattles in certain areas of the weapon. But, once used, the accuracy was superb.
Having used both, the M-1 and M-14 for distances of 1000 yards, the M-14 always provided slightly higher accuracy and held more rounds. The M-16 was best for short, spraying effect.
The .50 caliber was awesome for single shot long distance once set up. Hitting a target as far away as two miles was possible. The round arrives on target before the sound. Carlos Hathcock, Marine Corps sniper had documented hits at 2,000 yards using a modified version of the M-1 called an M-2.
The accusation by movie producer Michael Moore that American snipers are cowards reflects an ignorance beyond that of stupid. Attempts to take back intent "ala Jane Fonda" should be rejected. Moore has no concept of what it takes to arrive at your destination unseen, through perilous enemy territory and remain silent, unobserved and totally focused on your mission for days at a time. Often covered in a gillie suit, darkened face, peering through curtains of brush, moving inches at a time, only yards or feet from the enemy is no laughing matter. A misstep, sneeze, a cough, an itch or having to relieve yourself can cost you your life. Being a sniper does not guarantee you take your shot from a distance as Moore assumes, many times in the bush the enemy walks right past you and communicating how many, location and type of movement back to your command post becomes essential to the survival of the others. In Vietnam, this advance information was key but also put the sniper in our troops target zone. Consequently, snipers would be serving to save the others while exposing themselves to artillery or mortar fire from our own troops. Hearing the enemy crossing the river heading straight towards your position in the dark of night leaves no space for cowardice, only quick thinking, stealth and evasion with all your gear. At this distance, there is no defense. Snipers were sometimes issued only 8 rounds and a specific target. The reason for 8 rounds was to assure the sniper would not engage in any fire fight, remain totally undetected and only accomplish his assigned mission. Snipers were often used as forward observers with clowns in Washington calling the shots, fearful of creating international incidents. You are in a war and idiots in command in Washington are worried about creating international incidents? Things have not changed much since Vietnam. Todays leadership is conclusively worse. Worthy of a serious analysis asking; whose side are we on?
The withdrawal of troops for political posturing at home, intentional downsizing in war zones contrary to field assessments is immensely frustrating to the troops in harms way. Because of instant communications, often, Washington approval is needed before taking any shot. You cannot freeze the image in your scope.
The Marine Corps and the Navy Seal teams operate under the Department of the Navy. The Navy should seriously consider forming the "Navy Whale Team" and use Michael Moore's body profile.
Editors note: Al Vasquez served in the USMC and wrote the book: "A Sniper's Trail" in 2012, undergoing a 2nd edition with added material.
Anterior: La Nueva Europa
Siguiente: ¡Todos la miran! Gloria Trevi provoca gran caos en México
Acerca de Al Vasquez
Tina Turner regresa al número uno de Billboard
Liderazgo con Corazón
Concejales del Valle de Coachella Realizan Foro Informativo sobre Prácticas de COVID-19

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Singer, actress, most followed person on Instagram. As if Selena Gomez's resume wasn't hefty enough, the musician has now turned fashion designer with her ready-to-wear collection for Coach. Selena, who has served as Coach's brand ambassador since 2016, came out with a capsule collection of accessories and handbags for the company last year which practically flew off the shelves. So a full-blown collection seems like a natural transition for the luxury brand and hitmaker. And spoiler alert: they definitely lived up to the hype surrounding the collab!
The collection has Gomez's trademark style all over it. Think feminine pastels, playful infusions, lace appliqué coupled with sportier pieces such as bomber jackets and hoodies and of course, handbags. Selena's personal motto "Not Perfect, Always Me", which has been engraved in her handwriting on a few pieces, is a thoughtful addition that makes the collection truly hers.


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SBI Specialist Officers Notification 2018 is out on the official website of SBI. It has released two notifications for Specialist Officer Recruitment 2018 which are Advt No. 18/07 and Advt. No. 18/08 for various posts. Recruitment will be conducted for the candidates seeking job opportunities in SBI for the concerned post. Eligible candidates can apply as per the available vacancies through the official website of SBI. For all the relevant information regarding the recruitment process, the candidates can refer to this Article or the official website. Candidates, who will apply for the SBI Specialist Officer (SO) Recruitment 2018, will be selected on the basis of their performance in written/Interview (Whichever is applicable). Before applying, candidates must ensure that they fulfil the eligibility criteria specified by the conducting body.
SBI SO 2018-19 has announced a total of 50 Deputy Manager and 121 Manager and Chief Manager vacancy for the upcoming recruitment.
The age limit for Advt No. 18/08 is 21-35 years and 25 – 38 for Advt. No. 18/07 as on June 30, 2017.
Candidates must have done CA/ ICWA/ ACS/ MBA/ PGDM or equivalent PG Degree in the relevant field from the recognised institution as on the date mentioned in the Advertisement.
An application fee of Rs 600 is required to be paid by candidates belonging to General and OBC category.The same amount is narrowed down to Rs. 100/– for candidates belonging to SC/ST/PWD category.
Eligible candidates need to fill the application form for the SBI SO posts which is available on the official website of SBI.
The direct link to apply for the same is also given on the application form page.
The application form is available in the online mode only; no other mode is allowed to the candidates.
Candidates need to register themselves on above-mentioned websites.
Candidates need to fill in the application form with the correct details along with the uploading of scanned images of photograph and signature.
After filling the form, the candidates need to pay the application fee through online mode using debit/credit cards/Internet Banking.
At last, the candidates need to take a printout of the E-receipt for the future reference.
Stay tuned for more vacancy notifications and updates. If you have any query or suggestion, Do write us in the comments below.


text:
Preben Richard Christensen, med dæknavnene Willy og Villy (født 8. august 1925, død 27. februar 1945 i Ryvangen) var en dansk modstandsmand, som var medlem af BOPA.

Han blev arresteret af Gestapo den 10. februar 1945, og ført til Ryvangen den 27. februar 1945, hvor han blev henrettet sammen med ni andre.

Preben Richard Christensen blev den 29. august 1945 begravet i Mindelunden i Ryvangen.

Kilder

Medlemmer af BOPA
Henrettede i Danmark af den tyske besættelsesmagt under 2. verdenskrig
Personer henrettet ved skydning

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Nariman () is a rural locality (a derevnya) in Yuğarı Oslan District, Tatarstan. The population was 79 as of 2010.

Geography
Nariman is located 30 km south of Yuğarı Oslan, district's administrative centre, and 67 km southwest of Qazan, republic's capital, by road.

History
The village was established in 1924.

Until 1927 was a part of Zöyä Canton; after the creation of districts in Tatar ASSR (Tatarstan) in Tämte (1927–1931), Yuğarı Oslan (1931–1935),  Tämte (1935–1958), Yuğarı Oslan (1958–1963), Yäşel Üzän (1963–1965) and Yuğarı Oslan districts.

References

External links

Rural localities in Verkhneuslonsky District


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text:
Coffee Commodity
01:30:00 PM MI Indication
Commodity Snapshot
Belfast Telegraph 5d
Brown's Coffee Company Ballyclare: Cosy cafe with church pews is preaching to the converted
BBC 9d
Croatia, the euro and a coffee controversy - but is it all just froth?
Investegate 11d
Cooks Coffee Company : Trading Update
Belfast Telegraph 15d
Coffee donated to NHS workers as doctor praises 'little signs of support'
Korea Times 19d
Korea's coffee imports jump 45.1% in 2022
Unit conversion for Coffee Price Today
Coffee Price
1 Pound ≈ 0,453 Kilograms Coffee Price Per 1 Kilogram 3.68 USD
1 Pound = 16 Ounces Coffee Price Per 1 Ounce 0.10 USD
Cotton 0.87 -0.55 USD per lb. 1/27/23 02:20 PM
Oats 3.86 0.06 USD per Bushel 1/27/23 02:20 PM
Lumber 495.10 1.41 USD per 1.000 board feet 1/27/23 04:05 PM
Coffee 1.69 1.14 USD per lb. 1/27/23 01:30 PM
Cocoa 2,030.00 1.25 GBP per Ton 1/26/23 11:55 AM
Live Cattle 1.57 0.08 USD per lb. 1/27/23 02:05 PM
Lean Hog 0.76 -1.23 USD per lb. 1/27/23 02:05 PM
Corn 6.84 0.26 USD per Bushel 1/27/23 02:20 PM
Feeder Cattle 1.84 2.23 USD per lb. 1/27/23 02:05 PM
Milk 19.48 0.00 USD per cwt.sh. 1/27/23 02:32 PM
Orange Juice 2.06 0.12 USD per lb. 1/27/23 02:00 PM
Palm Oil 3,776.00 0.51 MYR per Ton 1/26/23 05:00 AM
Rapeseed 545.75 0.37 EUR per Ton 1/27/23 12:30 PM
Rice 18.26 -0.27 USD per cwt. 1/27/23 02:20 PM
Soybean Meal 474.00 -0.80 USD per Ton 1/27/23 02:20 PM
Soybeans 15.12 -0.74 USD per Bushel 1/27/23 02:20 PM
Soybean Oil 0.61 -0.02 USD per lb. 1/27/23 02:20 PM
Wheat 285.75 -0.78 EUR per Ton 1/27/23 12:30 PM
Sugar 0.21 1.40 USD per lb. 1/27/23 01:00 PM
Coffee (from the Latin Coffea) is a tropical plant belonging to the Rubiaceae family which mainly grows in equatorial regions with lots of rain and warm temperatures of over 21 degrees all year round. The coffee beans are the fruits of the coffee tree and are similar in colour and shape to cherries. Coffee beans have come to be regarded as the most important agricultural commodity in global North-South trade. (read more)
Although there are many different varieties of coffee plant, only two species are of major economic importance. These are Coffea Arabica and Coffea Robusta. Today, more than 60 per cent of the world's coffee output is produced from Arabica beans. The Arabica bean is considerably more demanding than Coffea Robusta. Coffea Arabica originates from what is now Ethiopia, whereas the Robusta bean comes from Indonesia and can be cultivated even at heights of between 200 and 600 metres. Besides these two main species there are also other exclusive bean species such as Liberica and Excelsa.
The Arabica species is cultivated and processed primarily in Brazil and Columbia. Coffea Arabica is also produced in Costa Rica, Mexico and Guatemala, however. The most important producers of Coffea Robusta are Africa and Asia. In 2005 around 28.2 per cent of the world's harvest of green coffee beans came from Brazil, making the country the world's largest coffee producer. In recent years world production has increased further from 90 million bags to 100 million bags. Coffea Robusta accounts for around 40 per cent of this.
Coffee is regarded as the most important export commodity after crude oil, and is therefore of high economic importance for the coffee producing countries. More than 100 million people earn their living from the production and processing of coffee and many countries in the third world depend entirely on the coffee trade. Because the market prices for coffee have fallen considerably in recent years, however, the proceeds from coffee sales are frequently no longer sufficient to cover the production costs, something which hits small farmers particularly hard.
Coffee originates from the Ethiopian region of Kaffa, where it was discovered in the 9th century. Slave traders brought the coffee to Arabia in the 14th century, from where the drink spread throughout the world through trade. The main trading venue for coffee was the town of Mocha. The first coffeehouse was opened in London in the 17th century and was known as "Penny University" because customers could purchase a cup of coffee for one penny. The English coffeehouses led to the establishment of the London Stock Exchange, which developed from one of these original houses.
As an export commodity, coffee is normally transported in the form of green beans which are only roasted to form the familiar brown coffee beans once they reach their destination. The largest coffee roaster is located in Berlin and is operated by Jacobs (Kraft Foods). The demand for coffee is relatively constant, as a result of which the price for the black beans is influenced primarily by the weather conditions and the political situation in the producer countries.
The most important trading venues for coffee are the London International Financial Futures Exchange, the New York Board of Trade, the Bolsa de Mercadorias & Futuros and the Tokyo Grain Exchange.
Business Insider 5 hrs ago
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Business Insider 01/26/23
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Judging by their name GreenGeeks should be the ones who are very concerned about "green" idea. And it is much probably so – the provider under this name declares it is a green web host.
Offer reliable and quality hosting at affordable prices aimed at satisfaction of every customer.
Promote websites hosted with any green hosting company (not necessarily GreenGreeks) to see that customers choose green energy.
With GreenGreeks "green" commitment they also promise to provide feature-rich hosting plans and quality service, guarantee high uptime to keep customers' website online and provide North American customer service support available 24/7/365. GreenGreeks support departments are located in Los Angeles, Chicago and Toronto, CA. The company has got a number of awards for their services, mostly for the green hosting and also being among Top 10 hosting providers, for best web hosting reviews and more.
GreenGreeks data center resides in Chicago, Illinois. According to the host, it has a well planned infrastructure, in-house servers and is equipped with all necessary things to keep up customers data secure. Moreover, GreenGreeks is supposed to utilize the newest generation processors – Intel, and for network switching or routing Cisco and Juniper.
Greengeeks offer its hosting solution to small businesses and personal users and for those who may have no experience in web hosting field. The company provides 3 hosting plans. Eco hosting package should have complete functionality, and before making a decision the host suggests trying the control panel.
Greengeeks have been over 10 years web hosting experience and are likely to offer complete hosting solution in order to meet customers expectations. They are known for being eco-conscious by using EPA Green Power Partner program and purchasing 300% of wind power to be replaced with wind energy.


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You are here: Home / Events / ICE THEATRE OF NEW YORK IS PROUD TO PRESENT A LIVE MUSICAL COLLABORATION WITH THEO BLECKMAN & URI CAIN "WINTERICE" FEBRUARY 9 AT NATIONAL SAWDUST
ICE THEATRE OF NEW YORK IS PROUD TO PRESENT A LIVE MUSICAL COLLABORATION WITH THEO BLECKMAN & URI CAIN "WINTERICE" FEBRUARY 9 AT NATIONAL SAWDUST
ICE THEATRE OF NEW YORK IS PROUD TO PRESENT
A LIVE MUSICAL COLLABORATION WITH
THEO BLECKMAN & URI CAIN
"WINTERICE"
FEBRUARY 9 AT NATIONAL SAWDUST
New York, NY: Ice Theatre of New York (ITNY) is proud to announce its collaboration with Theo Bleckman & Uri Cain in "WinterICE" at National Sawdust in Brooklyn, NY.
Grammy ® Award-nominated Theo Bleckmann, otherworldly vocalist and composer who has "a remarkable array of extended techniques and sound effects at his disposal" (New York Times) performs Schubert's song cycle "Die Winterreise" as reimagined by himself and Grammy Award-nominated pianist Uri Caine. In a first for National Sawdust, the venue will be turned into an ice skating rink, as ice skaters from the Ice Theatre of New York complement the music with a wintry experience over synthetic ice, led by their artistic director Moira North.Founder/ Director Moira North said, "Ice Theatre of New York has been talking with Theo for some time and we are excited to see our plans become reality!"
TICKETS: https://nationalsawdust.org/event/theo-bleckmann-uri-caine-present-winterice/
WHEN: Friday, February 9, 2018 at 7:00 P.M.
WHERE: National Sawdust, 80 North 6th Street, Brooklyn, NY 11249
About Theo Bleckmann
Grammy Award-nominated jazz singer and new music composer Theo Bleckmann's diverse recorded work includes albums of Las Vegas standards, Weimar art songs, and popular "bar songs" (all with pianist Fumio Yasuda); a recording of newly-arranged songs by Charles Ives (with jazz/rock collective Kneebody); and his acclaimed "Hello Earth – the Music of Kate Bush." Bleckmann has appeared as a special guest on recordings by Ambrose Akinmusire for Blue Note Records and Julia Hülsmann's trio for ECM Records. Bleckmann's recording of his own compositions with his "ideally attuned" (The Guardian, Feb. 9, 2017) Elegy Quintet, was produced by legendary ECM label head and founder, Manfred Eicher. It was reviewed by the Guardian's John Fordham: "…[His] lightness of touch and the band's independence (several pieces are instrumentals) ensure that startling music-making is the overarching theme." Bleckmann has collaborated with musicians, artists, actors and composers, including Ambrose Akinmusire, Laurie Anderson, Uri Caine, Philip Glass, Ann Hamilton, John Hollenbeck, Sheila Jordan, Phil Kline, David Lang, Kirk Nurock, Frances MacDormand, Ben Monder, Michael Tilson Thomas, Kenny Wheeler, John Zorn, the Bang on a Can All-Stars, and, most prominently, Meredith Monk, with whom Bleckmann worked as a core ensemble member for over fifteen years.
He has been interviewed by Terry Gross on NPR's Fresh Air and appeared on the David Letterman show with Laurie Anderson. In 2015, Bleckmann premiered a new work for the American Composers Orchestra at Carnegie Hall, and in 2016 brought new work to the New York Philharmonic Biennial and the LA Philharmonic. Bleckmann has consistently appeared in the top-five spots in the DownBeat Critics' Polls for Best Male Vocalist, and top-ten spots in their Readers' Polls, and his work on Phil Kline's "Out Cold" helped win WQXR's Operavore "Best Opera of 2012" title for that production. In 2010, Bleckmann received the prestigious JAZZ ECHO award from the Deutsche Phono-Akademie in his native Germany.
About Uri Caine
Since coming to New York in 1985, Grammy Award-nominated jazz pianist Uri Caine has recorded 33 albums as a leader, most recently the album "Space Kiss" with the Lutoslawski Quartet (816 Music 2017), and projects with his ensemble performing arrangements of Mahler, Wagner, Mozart, Verdi, Schumann, and Bach's Goldberg Variations. He also leads the electric Bedrock trio. He was nominated for a Grammy award for "Othello Syndrome" (Winter & Winter) in 2009. Caine composed "The Passion of Octavius Catto" for the Philadelphia Orchestra with gospel choir celebrating the life of murdered Philadelphia civil rights leader Octavius Catto (2017). Caine, who directed the 2003 Venice Biennale, has received commissions to compose for the Vienna Volksoper, the BBC concert orchestra, Concerto Koln, the Basel Chamber Orchestra, the Arditi Quartet and the Beaux Arts Trio among others.
About Ice Theatre of New York
Founded in 1984 by Moira North, Ice Theatre of New York (ITNY) has changed the face of figure skating by creating works that integrate the sensibilities of movement, music and art. Its mission is to elevate dance on ice as a performance art.Through its performances in both traditional and site-specific venues, ITNY presents ice dance that opens one's eyes to seeing skating in unexpected ways. ITNY was the first ice dance company to receive dance program funding from the National Endowment for the Arts, the New York State Council on the Arts and the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs. In addition to building and performing works of artistic merit, ITNY also reaches out to the next generation of skaters and audiences through education, community outreach and training programs.
Ice Theatre of New York's programming is supported, in part, by public funds from the New York State Council on the Arts and New York City Department of Cultural Affairs, in partnership with the City Council. Ice Theatre of New York receives funding from Bloomberg Philanthropies, the Lisa McGraw Figure Skating Foundation, the Pioneer Fund, the Richard T. Button Foundation, the Victor C. & Clara C. Battin Foundation, the Will Sears Fund and its generous private patrons.
For more information on Ice Theatre of New York or to purchase tickets for upcoming shows call 212.929.5811, or visit www.icetheatre.org.
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Ливо () — коммуна в Италии, располагается в провинции Тренто области Трентино-Альто-Адидже.

Население составляет 883 человека (2008 г.), плотность населения составляет 55 чел./км². Занимает площадь 15 км². Почтовый индекс — 38020. Телефонный код — 0463.

Демография
Динамика населения:

Администрация коммуны
 Официальный сайт: https://web.archive.org/web/20100126071801/http://www.comunelivo.it/

Ссылки
 Официальный сайт населённого пункта
 Национальный институт статистики
 http://www.istat.it/english/


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Declaration by the High Representative on behalf of the European Union on the alignment of certain countries concerning restrictive measures against Syria
EU Council and council of the EU Press 14 January 2022
(Source: Council of the EU and European Council)
On 27 May 2021, the Council adopted Decision (CFSP) 2021/8551 amending Council Decision 2013/255/CFSP.
The Council Decision extended the existing restrictive measures until 1 June 2022 and amended the annex as set out in the Annex to Decision 2021/855.
The Candidate Countries The Republic of North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Albania2, and the EFTA countries Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway, members of the European Economic Area, as well as Georgia align themselves with this Council Decision.
They will ensure that their national policies conform to this Council Decision.
The European Union takes note of this commitment and welcomes it.
1 They will ensure that their national policies conform to this Council Decision.
2 The European Union takes note of this commitment and welcomes it.


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23_Life of Pictures, 2014
Future in the Past, 2015
In my films I usualy work with only one camera drive, without any cuts. Every scene comes from the previous one. The construction of parallel worlds, which are exclusively imaginable in the virtual world and which are based on literature and the combination of past and present ideas is one of my main issues. My animated films reflect a certain aesthetics, which is rooted in poetry and a minimalist, melancholic visual language. The permanent blending of reality and fiction of memory and imagination of consciousness and subconsciousness is a central theme in my work.
born 1961 in Kempten (Allgäu), GER
lives and works in Munich, GER
1983 - 1988 Academy of Fine Arts, Munich, GER
1990 - 1991 Pratt Institute, New York City, USA (DAAD Scholarship)
Selected exhibitions and screenings
- FILE 2017 - Electronic Language International Festival, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Digital Arts Festival, Athens, Greece
- Tricky Women, Metro Kinokulturhaus, Vienna, Austria (Int. Competition)
- Traverse Vidéo, Toulouse, France
- Videonale.16, Kunstmuseum, Bonn, Germany
- 29th Festival Les Instants Vidéo, Friche la Belle de Mai, Marseille, France
- CÒDEC Festival, Centro Cultural, ALIAC, Mexico City, Mexico
- Festival VideoBabel, Cusco, Peru
- VideoBardo, Buenos Aires, Argentinia
- ZEBRA Poetry Film Festival, Münster / Berlin, Münster (German Competition)
- Linoleum 2016, Festival of Contemporary Animation and Media Art, Kiev, Ukraine
- FILE 2016 - Electronic Language Int. Festival, Sao Paulo, Brazil (2nd place FILE ANIMA+ Award)
- ADAF Athens Digital Art Festival, File Anima + screening, Athens, Greece
- EMAF 2016, European Media Art Festival, Osnabrück, Germany
- Les Rencontres Internationales, Paris, France
- Huntington Museum of Art, West Virginia, USA
- "FILE ANIMA+GAMES RIO 2015" , Oi Futuro Flamengo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- CYCLOP, video poetry contest, Kiev, Ukraine (1st place international contest)
- 5th Sadho Poetry Film Fest, Alliance Francaise, New Delhi, India
- Alexei von Schlippe Gallery at the University of Conneticut-Avery Point, USA
- Museum of Moscow, Moscow, Russia
- FILE 2015, Electronic Language International Festival, Video Art @ FIESP Cultural Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- dotdotdot International Short Film Festival, Vienna, Austria
- Goethe-Institut, Montreal, Canada
- Schusev State Museum of Architecture, International Video Art Festival Now&After, Moscow, Russia
- National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts, "Typmotion",Taipei, Taiwan
- FACT (Foundation for Art and Creative Technology), "Type Motion",Liverpool, UK
- TAM Torrance Art Museum, Los Angeles, USA
- ZEBRA Poetry Film Festival, Berlin, Germany
- National Gallery of Art, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Petaluma International Film Festival, Petaluma, CA, USA
- LINOLEUM, 9th International Festival of Contemporary animation & media-art, Kiev, Ukraine
- El Paso Museum of Art, Texas, USA
- Muestra Internacional de Videoarte, Quito, Ecuador
- FONLAD – Digital Art Festival Coimbra, Portugal
- National Museum of Contemporary Art "The Moving Silence Film Festival", Athens, Greece
- ZKM, Museum of Contemporary Art "SCRIPT FILMS. Script as Image in Movement", Karlsruhe, Germany
- Sadho Poetry Film Festival, Alliance Francaise, New Delhi, India
- ICA Institute of Contemporary Art, London, UK
- FILE 2013, Electric Language International Festival, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Akademie der Künste, Poesiefestival, Berlin
- Athens Video Art Festival, Athens, Greece
- WRO 15th Media Art Biennale, Wroclaw, Poland
- Contemporary Art Center, Tbilisi, Georgia
- Traverse Vidéo 2013, Toulouse, France
- Institut Francais, Tokyo, Japan
- MIA Screening Series, Armory Center for the Arts, Pasadena, CA, USA
- VAFA, VideoArtForAll, Macau, China
- Musée des Abattoirs, Toulouse, France
- Anima - International Animation Festival, Banja Luka /Bosnia-Hercegovina
- ZEBRA Poetry Film Festival, Berlin
- Francis McCray Gallery of Contemporary Art, Western New Mexico University, USA
- Museums of Los Gatos, California, USA
- Festival Miden, Kalamata, Greece
- 7th International Fest of Contemporary animation & media-art, LINOLEUM, Moscow
- crosstalk 2012, video art festival, Budapest, Hungary (Ballon-Prize)
- Rencontres Traverse Vidéo, Toulouse, France
- VAFA 2011, 2nd Macau Video Art International Festival, Macau, China
- 24th Festival Les Instants Vidéo, Marseille, France
- Poesifestival Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- 3rd Annual Petaluma International Film Festival, Petaluma, CA, USA
- 6th intern. fest of contemporary animation & media-art, Moscow, Russia
- Video Art Festival /SI:N/ 2, Palestina, Qattan Foundation, Ramallah
- trevigliopoesia, Bergamo, winner of the prize "la parola immaginata 2011"
- Digital Arts Festival, Athen
- re-new, digital arts festival, Copenhagen
- Directors Lounge Media Art Festival, Berlin
- ZEBRA, poetry film festival, Berlin
- kunsTTempel, Kassel
- Les Instants Vidéo, Marseille
- International Shortfilm Festival, Berlin (Best of ZEBRA Poetry)
- "pixileration", Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- 700IS Reindeerland, Iceland
- Centre Culturel Français, Oran, Algeria
- Foundation AllArtNow, Damascus, Syria
- "Les Instants Vidéo", Marseille
- Gallery Lothringer13/spiegel, Munich
- Art + Technology Center EYEBEAM, New York City
- VideoArtFestival MIDEN, Kalamata
- International Film Festival, IFFR, Rotterdam
- EMERGEANDSEE - Festival, Cinema Babylon, Berlin
- i-camp theatre, Munich
- "paraflows" festival in cooperation with MAK, Vienna
- "Jenisch-Haus", Hamburg
- Pinakothek der Moderne, München
- Kunsthalle, Kempten (Allgäu)
- Residenzplatz, Kempten "Bayerische Architekturwoche"
- Literaturhaus, Munich "1.Münchner Architekturwoche"
- Junges Theater, Göttingen "11. Literaturherbst Göttingen"
born 1961 in Kempten (Allgäu), GER lives and works in Munich, GER Education 1983 - 1988 Academy of Fine Arts, Munich, GER 1990 - 1991 Pratt Institute, New York City, USA (DAAD Scholarship) Selected exhibitions and screenings 2017 - FILE 2017 - Electronic Language International Festival, Sao Paulo, Brazil - Digital Arts Festival, Athens, Greece - Tricky Women, Metro Kinokulturhaus, Vienna, Austria (Int. Competition) - Traverse Vidéo, Toulouse, France - Videonale.16, Kunstmuseum, Bonn, Germany 2016 - 29th Festival Les Instants Vidéo, Friche la Belle de Mai, Marseille, France - CÒDEC Festival, Centro Cultural, ALIAC, Mexico City, Mexico - Festival VideoBabel, Cusco, Peru - VideoBardo, Buenos Aires, Argentinia - ZEBRA Poetry Film Festival, Münster / Berlin, Münster (German Competition) - Linoleum 2016, Festival of Contemporary Animation and Media Art, Kiev, Ukraine - FILE 2016 - Electronic Language Int. Festival, Sao Paulo, Brazil (2nd place FILE ANIMA+ Award) - ADAF Athens Digital Art Festival, File Anima + screening, Athens, Greece - EMAF 2016, European Media Art Festival, Osnabrück, Germany - Les Rencontres Internationales, Paris, France 2015 - Huntington Museum of Art, West Virginia, USA - FILE ANIMA+GAMES RIO 2015 , Oi Futuro Flamengo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - CYCLOP, video poetry contest, Kiev, Ukraine (1st place international contest) - 5th Sadho Poetry Film Fest, Alliance Francaise, New Delhi, India - Alexei von Schlippe Gallery at the University of Conneticut-Avery Point, USA - Museum of Moscow, Moscow, Russia - FILE 2015, Electronic Language International Festival, Video Art @ FIESP Cultural Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil - dotdotdot International Short Film Festival, Vienna, Austria - Goethe-Institut, Montreal, Canada - Schusev State Museum of Architecture, International Video Art Festival Now&After, Moscow, Russia - National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts, Typmotion,Taipei, Taiwan - FACT (Foundation for Art and Creative Technology), Type Motion,Liverpool, UK 2014 - TAM Torrance Art Museum, Los Angeles, USA - ZEBRA Poetry Film Festival, Berlin, Germany - National Gallery of Art, Vilnius, Lithuania - Petaluma International Film Festival, Petaluma, CA, USA - FILE 2014, Electronic Language International Festival, Video Art @ FIESP Cultural Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil - LINOLEUM, 9th International Festival of Contemporary animation & media-art, Kiev, Ukraine - El Paso Museum of Art, Texas, USA - Muestra Internacional de Videoarte, Quito, Ecuador - FONLAD – Digital Art Festival Coimbra, Portugal - National Museum of Contemporary Art The Moving Silence Film Festival, Athens, Greece 2013 - ZKM, Museum of Contemporary Art SCRIPT FILMS. Script as Image in Movement, Karlsruhe, Germany - Sadho Poetry Film Festival, Alliance Francaise, New Delhi, India - ICA Institute of Contemporary Art, London, UK - FILE 2013, Electric Language International Festival, Sao Paulo, Brazil - Akademie der Künste, Poesiefestival, Berlin - Athens Video Art Festival, Athens, Greece - WRO 15th Media Art Biennale, Wroclaw, Poland - Contemporary Art Center, Tbilisi, Georgia - Traverse Vidéo 2013, Toulouse, France - Institut Francais, Tokyo, Japan - MIA Screening Series, Armory Center for the Arts, Pasadena, CA, USA 2012 - VAFA, VideoArtForAll, Macau, China - Musée des Abattoirs, Toulouse, France - Anima - International Animation Festival, Banja Luka /Bosnia-Hercegovina - ZEBRA Poetry Film Festival, Berlin - Francis McCray Gallery of Contemporary Art, Western New Mexico University, USA - Museums of Los Gatos, California, USA - Festival Miden, Kalamata, Greece - 7th International Fest of Contemporary animation & media-art, LINOLEUM, Moscow - crosstalk 2012, video art festival, Budapest, Hungary (Ballon-Prize) - Rencontres Traverse Vidéo, Toulouse, France 2011 - VAFA 2011, 2nd Macau Video Art International Festival, Macau, China - 24th Festival Les Instants Vidéo, Marseille, France - Poesifestival Oslo, Oslo, Norway - 3rd Annual Petaluma International Film Festival, Petaluma, CA, USA - 6th intern. fest of contemporary animation & media-art, Moscow, Russia - Video Art Festival /SI:N/ 2, Palestina, Qattan Foundation, Ramallah - trevigliopoesia, Bergamo, winner of the prize la parola immaginata 2011 - Digital Arts Festival, Athen - re-new, digital arts festival, Copenhagen - Directors Lounge Media Art Festival, Berlin 2010 - ZEBRA, poetry film festival, Berlin - kunsTTempel, Kassel - Les Instants Vidéo, Marseille - International Shortfilm Festival, Berlin (Best of ZEBRA Poetry) - pixileration, Providence, Rhode Island, USA - 700IS Reindeerland, Iceland - Centre Culturel Français, Oran, Algeria - Foundation AllArtNow, Damascus, Syria 2009 - Les Instants Vidéo, Marseille - Gallery Lothringer13/spiegel, Munich - Art + Technology Center EYEBEAM, New York City - VideoArtFestival MIDEN, Kalamata - International Film Festival, IFFR, Rotterdam 2008 - EMERGEANDSEE - Festival, Cinema Babylon, Berlin - i-camp theatre, Munich - Les Instants Vidéo, Marseille 2007 - paraflows festival in cooperation with MAK, Vienna - "Jenisch-Haus", Hamburg 2006/07 - Pinakothek der Moderne, München 2004 - Kunsthalle, Kempten (Allgäu) - Residenzplatz, Kempten Bayerische Architekturwoche 2002 - Literaturhaus, Munich 1.Münchner Architekturwoche - Junges Theater, Göttingen 11. Literaturherbst Göttingen


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How long is the sermon? Study ranks Christian churches
FILE - In this Wednesday, Aug. 28, 2013 file photo, Rev. Shanan Jones delivers a sermon at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta. According a study released on Monday, Dec. 16, 2019 by the Pew Research Center, the median length of U.S. sermons in April and May was 37 minutes. Catholic sermons were the shortest, at a median of just 14 minutes, compared with 25 minutes for sermons in mainline Protestant congregations and 39 minutes in evangelical Protestant congregations. Historically black Protestant churches had by far the longest sermons, at a median of 54 minutes. (Curtis Compton/Atlanta Journal-Constitution via AP)
DAVID CRARY
NEW YORK (AP) — How long should a sermon be?
The major branches of Christianity in the U.S. have sharply different traditions, with sermons at historically black Protestant churches lasting — on average - nearly four times as long as Roman Catholic sermons.
That's among the findings of an analysis by the Pew Research Center — billed as the first of its kind — of 49,719 sermons delivered in April and May that were shared online by 6,431 churches. Pew described its research as "the most exhaustive attempt to date to catalogue and analyze American religious sermons."
According to Pew, the median length of the sermons was 37 minutes. Catholic sermons were the shortest, at a median of just 14 minutes, compared with 25 minutes for sermons in mainline Protestant congregations and 39 minutes in evangelical Protestant congregations. Historically black Protestant churches had by far the longest sermons, at a median of 54 minutes.
Pew said sermons at the black churches lasted longer than mainline Protestant sermons even though, on average, they had roughly the same number of words. A possible explanation, Pew said, is that the preachers at black churches allow more time during their sermons for musical interludes, responses from worshippers in the pews and dramatic pauses in their oratory.
Numerous prominent pastors have pondered the question of a sermon's length.
"I've asked and been asked that question a hundred times," the Rev. Hershael York, a professor of Christian preaching at the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, wrote in 2016. "Today, after 35 years in ministry, I have a definitive answer: You can preach as long as you hold their attention."
The question came up in a 2018 episode of "Ask Pastor John," a Q-and-A forum hosted by the Rev. John Piper, chancellor of Bethlehem College & Seminary in Minneapolis. He said he generally needs at least 40 minutes, sometimes more than 50, to deeply explore his themes.
"If I look around the nation, there are many hundreds, maybe thousands, of growing churches where pastors preach rich, Christ-exalting, God-centered, Bible-saturated, textually rooted, intellectually challenging, emotionally moving, life-altering sermons for 50 or more minutes, and very few people get frustrated that they are too long," Piper said.
Missouri-based researcher/writer Chris Colvin, who helps pastors with sermon preparation, notes that Jesus' Sermon on the Mount — containing some of the most powerful passages in the Scriptures — can be read aloud in less than 15 minutes.
In addition to sermon length, the new Pew analysis delved into an examination of words and phrases most commonly used by preachers from the different Christian traditions.
It found that the word "hallelujah" appeared in sermons from about 22% of the historically black Protestant churches, and those congregations were eight times more likely than others to hear that word.
Sermons from evangelical churches were three times more likely than those from other traditions to include the phrase "eternal hell."
Pew said the sermons it examined came from 2,156 evangelical congregations, 1,367 mainline Protestant congregations, 422 Catholic parishes and 278 historically black Protestant congregations, while other congregations could not be reliably classified. The research did not analyze sermons delivered in synagogues, mosques or other non-Christian congregations.
Associated Press religion coverage receives support from the Lilly Endowment through the Religion News Foundation. The AP is solely responsible for this content.
From "emaciated" refugees to crops burned on the brink of harvest, starvation threatens the survivors of more than two months of fighting in Ethiopia's Tigray region. The first humanitarian workers to arrive after pleading with the Ethiopian government for access describe weakened children dying from diarrhea after drinking from rivers. A local official told a Jan. 1 crisis meeting of government and aid workers that hungry people had asked for "a single biscuit."
Why Is Israel Doing Better Than Everyone Else in COVID Vaccinations?
Eleven years ago, Dan Senor and Saul Singer dubbed Israel the "Start Up Nation" for its disproportionately large number of technology start-ups and NASDAQ stock listings. Make way for the Vaccination Nation. Israel leads the world in COVID-19 vaccinations. It has already vaccinated nearly a quarter of its population, including 75 percent of the population most at risk, people over age 60. It has administered 24.5 doses per 100 persons, nearly double the next-best country (the United Arab Emirates) and about 8 times as many people per capita as in the U.S. and the U.K. Israel's per capita vaccination rate is 24 times that of the normally efficient Germans and 50 times better than the world average. Only three other countries in the world — the U.S., China, and the U.K. — have administered more vaccines. Why is Israel doing so much better than anyone else? Israel's small size simplifies logistics. But there are other factors. First, unlike American states, which have administered only about a third of the doses they have received, Israeli made sure it was ready to use its supply. Officials set up large vaccination centers and mobile units in advance. They reached out to minority groups, such as the ultra-Orthodox and Arab citizens, ahead of the roll-out to encourage vaccine uptake. Israel started vaccinations in mid-December and by the end of the month was vaccinating more than 150,000 people a day. Second, Israel secured a large supply from Pfizer by promising to provide comprehensive safety and effectiveness data. Israel has a nationwide, computerized health database that can provide anonymized outcomes for all citizens, letting Pfizer use the country of nearly nine million as a real-time laboratory. In return, Pfizer has pledged to provide enough doses to vaccinate every Israeli over 16 by the end of March. In addition, Israel was the first country outside of North America to approve the Moderna vaccine and has purchased six million doses. Israel also paid premium prices — a wise investment in ending the economic devastation occasioned by pandemic lockdowns. Needless to say, Israel is good at planning for and executing during emergencies. Senor and Singer identified universal army service as promoting Israelis' resourcefulness and willingness to take the initiative to improve existing systems. Pfizer packages its vaccine in trays of 1,000 doses, which, because of the need for ultra-cold storage, must be all be used within a short period of time once they have been defrosted. The large number of doses limits vaccinations to centers that can line up large numbers of recipients. Israel figured out how to repackage the trays into smaller lots of doses to improve flexibility for delivering doses to a broader range of providers and less populated locations. Israelis are also willing to buck established authority. The Pfizer multi-dose vaccine vials were authorized to hold five doses. This led many American vaccinators to discard vaccine remaining after administering five doses, even if it was adequate to provide one or two extra doses, for fear of running afoul of FDA instructions (the FDA eventually clarified that it is acceptable to use every obtainable full dose). Israelis, in contrast, were willing from the start to use windfall sixth and seventh doses. American vaccinators have been reluctant to give remaining doses to people outside of government-mandated priority order — New York's Governor Cuomo promised hefty fines for vaccinating out of order — leading to doses' being discarded at the end of the day. Israeli providers vaccinated end-of-day walk-ins outside of the guidelines to avoid wasting valuable doses. Finally, Israelis' willingness to pull together and treat the pandemic as if it were a war and the government's successful roll-out have changed Israelis' initial reluctance into eagerness to be vaccinated. Prime Minister Netanyahu set an example by being the first Israeli to be vaccinated. The prophet Isaiah said Israel would function as "a light unto the nations," providing spiritual and moral guidance to the world. Modern-day Israel, the Start-Up Nation, can provide technological and practical guidance as well.
Israel has vaccinated at least 25 percent of its population against the coronavirus so far, which leads the world and makes it "the country to watch for herd effects from" the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, says infectious disease expert David Fishman. Recently, the case rate in Israel appears to have declined sharply, and while there could be a few reasons for that, it's possible the vaccination effort is beginning to play a role.> Israel's reproduction number appears to have declined rather sharply in recent days, with around 25% of the country vaccinated, and some additional percentage having at least partial immunity via prior infection. pic.twitter.com/sVyCYYd9dj> > — David Fisman (@DFisman) January 17, 2021One study from Clalit that was published last week reports that 14 days after receiving the first Pfizer-BioNTech shot, infection rates among 200,000 Israelis older than 60 fell 33 percent among those vaccinated compared to 200,000 from the same demographic who hadn't received a jab.At first glance, Fishman writes, that might seem disappointing since clinical trials suggested the vaccine was more than 90 percent effective. But he actually believes the 33 percent figure is "auspicious." Because vaccinated and non-vaccinated people are mingling, there could be "herd effects of immunization." In other words, when inoculated people interact with people who haven't had their shot, the latter individual may still be protected because the other person is. On a larger scale, that would drive down the number of infections among non-vaccinated people, thus shrinking the gap between the two groups' infection rates.> Estimated vaccine efficacy is a function of relative risk of infection in the vaccinated...when there is indirect protection via herd effects, we expect efficacy estimates to decrease because the risk among unvaccinated individuals declines.> > — David Fisman (@DFisman) January 17, 2021More data needs to come in, and Fishman thinks "we'll know more" this week, but he's cautiously optimistic about how things are going.More stories from theweek.com 5 more scathing cartoons about Trump's 2nd impeachment Trump's vaccine delay is getting suspicious New Yorker reporter's footage provides 'clearest view yet' of Capitol rioters inside Senate chamber
Philippines, China vow cooperation for post-pandemic recovery
China promised on Saturday to donate 500,000 COVID-19 vaccine doses to the Philippines as the two countries signed infrastructure deals aimed at boosting post-pandemic recovery efforts, officials said. Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte imposed one of the world's longest and strictest lockdowns to contain the virus in March last year - bringing one of Asia's fastest-growing economies to a standstill. "As a friend of the Philippines and your closest neighbour, we will firmly stand with the people of the Philippines until the defeat of this virus," senior Chinese diplomat Wang Yi said during a meeting with the Philippines' foreign minister.
Donor backlash fuels GOP alarm about Senate fundraising
Republicans are worried that a corporate backlash stirred by the deadly Capitol insurrection could crimp a vital stream of campaign cash, complicating the party's prospects of retaking the Senate in the next election. The GOP already faces a difficult Senate map in 2022, when 14 Democratic-held seats and 20 Republican ones will be on the ballot. Eight Republican senators voted to reject Electoral College votes for President-elect Joe Biden, even after the ransacking of the Capitol by a mob of Donald Trump supporters who were exhorted by the president to stop Congress from certifying Biden's victory.
President Trump is known for going off script, but his premature presidential election victory declaration in the early hours of the morning on Nov. 4 wasn't a completely spur-of-the-moment decision, Axios' Jonathan Swan reports.In the first installment of a reported series on Trump's final two months in office, Swan writes that Trump began "choreographing election night in earnest" during the second week of October following a "toxic" debate with President-elect Joe Biden on Sept. 29 and a bout with COVID-19 that led to his hospitalization. At that point, Trump's internal poll numbers had reportedly taken a tumble, Swan notes.With that in mind, he reportedly called his first White House chief of staff, a stunned Reince Priebus, and "acted out his script, including walking up to a podium and prematurely declaring victory on election night if it looked like he was ahead." Indeed, in the lead up to Election Day, Trump reportedly kept his focus on the so-called "red mirage," the early vote counts that would show many swing states leaning red because mail-in ballots had yet to be counted. Trump, Swan reports, intended to "weaponize it for his vast base of followers," who would go to bed thinking he had secured a second-term, likely planting the seeds of a stolen election. Read more at Axios. > As I've been writing, the plan was to steal the election all along. Fantastic reporting here. https://t.co/k8C73o8vH7> > -- Jonah Goldberg (@JonahDispatch) January 16, 2021More stories from theweek.com 5 more scathing cartoons about Trump's 2nd impeachment Trump's vaccine delay is getting suspicious New Yorker reporter's footage provides 'clearest view yet' of Capitol rioters inside Senate chamber
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Police and National Guard troops are standing sentry at the Georgia State Capitol ahead of possible demonstrations planned for the leadup to President-elect Joe Biden's inauguration. (Jan. 17)
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Indian Journal of Biotechnology
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Indian Journal of Biotechnology publishes full papers, short communications and reviews in agricultural, animal, environmental, industrial, medical, and microbial biotechnology, bioinformatics, and socio-legal and ethical aspects in biotechnology ISSN: 0975-0967 (ONLINE) ISSN: 0972-5849 (PRINT) Journal metadata
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Indian Journal of Biotechnology, started as a quarterly journal in 2002, publishes full papers, short communications and reviews in agricultural, animal, environmental, industrial, medical, and microbial biotechnology, bioinformatics, and socio-legal and ethical aspects in biotechnology. The latest developments in biotech-industry are covered under Notes and News.
Dr Gangan Prathap
Dr M A A Khan
Prof N S Punekar, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay
Prof Sudhir Sopory, Jawaharlal Nehru University,New Delhi
Prof Debabrata Das, Indian Institute of Technology
Prof A Surolia, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi
Dr Ashok Pandey, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
Prof K G Ramawat, M L Sukhadia University
Prof T Satyanarayana, Delhi University South Campus, New Delhi
Prof U C Banerjee, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research
Prof M V Rajam, Delhi University South Campus, New Delhi
Dr Ashok Tiwari, Indian Veterinary Research Institute
Prof Paramjeet Randhawa, University of Pittsburg
Prof Indra K Vasil, University of Florida
Prof M S Reddy, Auburn University
The Indian Journal of Biotechnology, a quarterly journal, publishes original research papers, reviews, digests (biotechnology highlights), news-scan, etc. The journal covers papers on Biotechnology in the following main areas: (i) Agriculture; (ii) Animal husbandry; (iii) Environment; (iv) Industry; (v) Microbiology; (vi) Medicine; (vii) Bio-informatics; and (viii) Socio-legal and ethical aspects.
Indian Journal of Biotechnology invites original research and review manuscripts not submitted for publication elsewhere. It is mandatory on the part of the corresponding author to furnish the following certificate at the time of submission of the manuscript:
This is to certify that the reported work in the paper entitled "..." submitted for publication is an original one and has not been submitted for publication elsewhere. I/we further certify that proper citations to the previously reported work have been given and no data/tables/figures have been quoted verbatim from other publications without giving due acknowledgement and without the permission of the author(s). The consent of all the authors of this paper has been obtained for submitting the paper to the "Indian J Biotechnology".
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Tables. Tables should be typed in double space on separate sheets, numbered consecutively, and only contain horizontal cells. The table headings should be typed with the first letter capital.
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Following the same sequence of the text, the list of references be appended under the References heading. Each reference should provide names and initials of all the authors, giving coma in between the authors and '&' before the last author. In case, the authors are more than five, then use et al after the 5th author. It should be followed by title of the paper, abbreviated title of journal (in italics), volume number, year of publication (within circular bracket), and the starting and closing page numbers. Abbreviated titles should conform to the international guidelines, e.g. The Chemical Abstracts Service Source Index (CASSI) or BIOSIS
The style of references should be:
- Ghosh A C & Basu P S, Extracellular polysaccharide production by Azorhizobium caulinodans from stem nodules of leguminous emergent hydrophyte Aeschynomene aspera, Indian J Exp Biol, 39 (2001) 155-159 [If accepted for publication, give (in press) in place of volume, year and pages].
- Newell C A, Lowe J M, Merryweather A, Rooke L M & Hamilton W D O, Transformation of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam) with Agrobactericum tumefaciens and regeneration of plants expressing cowpea trypsin inhibitor and snowdrop lectin, Plant Sci, 107 (1995) 215-227.
- Hoffman M P, Zalom F G, Smilanick J M, Malyj L D, Kiser J et al, Field evaluation of transgenic tobacco containing genes encoding Bacillus thuringensis d-endotoxin or cowpea trypsin inhibitor: Efficacy against Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), J Econ Entomol, 85 (1991) 2516-2522
Books & Proceedings of Conferences
- Truzuki T & Irukayama K, Minamata disease (Elsevier, Amsterdam) 1977, 30-45.
- Roels O A & Mahadevan S, Vitamin A, in The vitamins: Chemistry, pathology and methods, 2nd edn, vol VI, edited by P Gyorgy & W N Pearson (Academic Press, New York) 1967, 139-210.
- Allossp P G, Nutt K A, Geijsk R J & Smith G R, Transgenic Sugarcane with increased resistance to canegrub, in Sugarcane pest management in the new millennium, 4th Sugarcane Entomol Workshop, held on 7-10 Feb, 2000 (Int Soc Sugarcane Technol, Khon-khon, Thailand) 2000, 63-67.
- Chaturvedi H C & Sharma A K, Citrus tissue culture, in Proc Natl Semin Plant Tissue Cult (ICAR, New Delhi) 1988, 36-46.
- Kapoor B C, 2000. Managing in the face of not-so-developed and organized environment, paper presented in Natl Symp Manag Dev, Institute of Public Administration, Jaipur, India, 21-23 July, 2000.
- Chaturvedi H C, In vitro growth and controlled morphogenesis in callus tissue of Rauvolfia serpentina. Ph D Thesis, Agra University, Agra, 1968.
- Trepaginer J H, New surface finishings and coatings, US Pat 1276323 (to DuPont Inc, USA). 27 June, 2000; Chem Abstr, 49 (2000) 27689.
Manuscript along with referees' comments will be sent to the author identified for correspondence on the title page of the manuscript. It should be checked carefully and the modified manuscript should be returned within ten days of receipt. No page proofs will be sent to author(s).
National Institute of Science Communication & Information Resources
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Editor: Dr M A A Khan
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As long as there have been known substances that alter a person's perceptions there have been people abusing them. Drug abusers and drug dealers are known to spread falsehoods that the drugs they abuse or sell don't really cause harm to users. When people suffer ill effects due to these substances addicts and dealers are quick to come up with a multitude of excuses as to why someone became sick or even worse, died because of the drug. They may say that the person ingested a "bad batch" of the drug, or they didn't take it the "right" way or that they took "too much". All of these are easy reasons to explain away the negative effects of drugs. However, the truth is that drugs (illicit street-drugs, prescription drugs and alcohol) are basically poisons.
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All drugs can be described as toxins, or put more simply, poisons. It is the amount of the substance you take that is responsible for how the drug effects and controls you. When a person takes a small amount of a drug it acts as a stimulant (speeding up their body's activity) and a larger amount works as a sedative (calming down their body's activity). A larger amount even still acts as a poison in the user and can be fatal. This reaction is true for just about every drug. Take alcohol for instance, 1 or 2 drinks work as a stimulant on the user. 5 drinks have a depressive effect causing the user to feel tired and lethargic. 12 drinks over a short amount of time may be enough to severely harm a person or even kill them.
Fort Collins New Life Center understands the severity of substance abuse and drug addiction. Their program is completely drug-free and focused on providing individualized care. While each program participant works though the same processes, they do so at a pace that works best for them. There is no set program completion date when clients enroll in Fort Collins New Life Center's drug rehab program. As clients progress through the program they learn new ways of problem solving, communication skills and effective life skills to prevent returning to a life of substance use when they leave treatment.


Discussion in 'Music & Music Streaming Services' started by Ed Selley, Jan 8, 2017.
A selection of material will be available on Tidal in high res audio via the new Master Audio format from MQA.
Given that Apple , for example , have made billions out of mp3 it will be very interesting to see if they have the ' courage' to provide mobile hi-res ?? There really is no need to chuck 40-60% away anymore .
It sounds noticibly better! I struggled to actually hear any difference between high quality and hifi, but master def sounds better. Yay!
I have been playing some of the Master material for the last couple of days and some of it sounds very good. If you are using an external dac make sure you go into the settings for the audio output (there is a cog next to the option where you select your dac) set it to Use Exclusive Mode and Force Volume.
If you have a dac that supports MQA then you can also select Passthrough MQA to allow that to do the decoding rather than doing it in software.
Fairly impressed so far but from the available tracks there is not that much that I would normally listen to, I'm hoping some more record companies start to work with it and the catalogue grows a bit.
Mobile is apparently in the works.
Quick question. Should the passthrough be greyed out when using a non MQA dac as I'm using an oppo HA-2 which i don think is MQA but it lets be check and uncheck the box.
The master audio material sounds brilliant.
Finally some true high quality streaming audio perhaps it's now worth the hassle?
JVC X9500 in bat cave + LG OLED, Anthem MRX-720 + 3x power amp=7.1.4, Martin Logan Motion 60XT fronts, Martin Logan Motion FX rears, Martin Logan Motion 50XT centre, Atmos/DTS:X on ceiling 4x Martin Logan Motion 2 and 4, Martin Logan Balanced force 210 as the beast, 120" screen, STAX-3170 earspeakers, HTPC, etc.
It's not greyed out with my non MQA dac, I just don't tick passthrough. I tried ticking it and it still works but I'm assuming it just plays at a lower quality as it can't be decoded by the dac.
Don't know for sure, but wild guess time: from what MQA themselves say, their data is additional to WAV or FLAC, so even when it gets to the DAC I would think it relies on the DAC to decode and include that additional data in its decoding. If you untick that option and use software decoding then I would hazard a guess that it somehow puts everything into the digital stream that goes to your non-MQA DAC in its normal non-special format. I've no idea if in this case you're getting the full benefit, there isn't much to suggest that you aren't though.
The exclusive mode is very important. While it means (I think) nothing else will work with your DAC whilst Tidal is running, if you dont tick it, then the DAC run at the output you have set it at on the OS and wont change.
So on my iMac, if it's set to 44hz, then thats what the music will be played at if the "exclusive option" is NOT ticked.
I don't have an MQA dac to test but apparently with those you can get up to 24bit/352.8kHz and with a standard dac 24bit/96kHz.
Still sounds pretty good but would love to try a MQA enabled dac just to hear what difference there might be.
For me I seriously doubt I'd be able to tell the difference between those levels.
I agree with the above comment (re exclusive mode). It took me a while to discover this. I have a Chord Hugo and a MAC mini and it would only output hi-res after I selected exclusive mode. I would also note that the Tidal Masters that I have tried so far output in either 96kHz or 88.2kHz as indicated by the colour of the lights on the Hugo. This leads me to believe that those are the Master versions available on Tidal at the moment and that an MQA DAC would not be able to access anything else. I assume that the Tidal app is doing all of the decoding and outputting as PCM 24bit/88.2 or 96kHz. Does anyone know if that is the case?
does that mean i should set it back to what tidal is telling me to take advantage of the better quality?
so i cant listen to the master albums when my amp/dac has exclusive mode ticked, has to be unticked. this is so confusing, as i read you need it enabled to get the increased quality?
I have been playing with Tidal tonight and discovered that the albums listed under the selection' What's New; Masters, are NOT the only MASTER recordings available. I have found a number of albums by browsing artists and looking for multiple versions of the same album. The only way I have found to determine this is selecting a track and observe the bottom right corner to see if it shows HI-FI or MASTER.
I have so fat found additional albums by Fleetwood Mac and The Eagles that display MASTER but don't appear under What's New; Masters.
This does seem a bit odd and annoying because ideally I would like to see ALL MASTER albums appear under that selection and also there should be some kind of identifier on an album or in album info. Is there another easier way?
Not familiar with the Fiio, but can you set it to a different setting? Again if so leave it at 44hz. Unless you have an MQA DAC, you need to leave the decoding to Tidal.
Then if you select "Exclusive Mode" Tidal is decoding the MQA track and your Fiio should display 24bit/96hz.
That's interesting because I found some tracks not on the Master selection coming up as 88hz. Didn't look if Master was being displayed on the Tidal screen though.
Could be still 16bit? My Mojo only display Hz not Bit so cannot tell.
That is interesting, can you remember which tracks so that I can also test?
I have no idea lol. Was literally just click this that and the other on stuff as i often do. All I can remember it was other albums of an artist who's album was on the Masters list and it definitely wasnt on the Masters list.
also Say You Will, Mirage, Tusk Expanded, Fleetwood Mac.
I knew I'd get there! was consumed.
If you like some Country and my-dog-died-Western, Blake Shelton has almost every album duplicated as 48hz.
Right thats enough. Just click on an artist on the master page and look at their other albums. Any duplicated might be a Hi-Res version if its not a special extended one.
How do I do that? I go onto my amp dac and change it that way but should I be doing something else?
I go onto playback devices select my amp with right click properties then go into the advanced settings and it gives you a list of what setting you want to use 16bit 44100hz 24bit 96khz etc i should then choose the option of 16bit 44100hz? Did that already. Is there anything else I should be doing? There's no way to change anything on the amp controls itself. If i then start exclusive mode it still tells me I need to change it to 16bit 44100hz in control panel. But on the amp itself it always says 16bit 48khz..
Are you using Windows? If so I cannot help you much lol. Make sure the midi settings for that are on 44100hz or auto.
Although I guess if you tick the exclusive mode on Tidal it shouldn't make any difference. Tidal overrides any setting I set my Mac to this way.
Then make sure the Passthrough MQA is NOT ticked/on/blue.
Your DAC should then show it's playing either 48hz/88hz/96hz. Tidal should then display "Master" next to the speaker icon on screen.
I did play Beyoncé lemonade and it did show master next to the speaker icon but my exclusive mode was not enabled..when people say it needs to be turned on to get the benefit? As I can't turn it on without music not playing in the masters list and the error popping up.
My sound preference was set to default as that's the only way I think it works for me..
When you say nothing works, what exactly do you mean? Is it that your Fiio is not saying it's receiving a hi res signal?
Sorry I meant in windows itself.
The Master next to the speaker icon will show up whatever.
OK, so it sounds like to me something on your OS or Fiio is messing with Tidal. If exclusive option is enabled then you SHOULD have zero issues.
Not sure how, but you also need to turn "everything" to "off" on the Fiio that might do "something" to the sound. Sorry about the vagueness as I only have a Fiio Mount Blanc Amp.
Right so the the Fiio E17 excepts (MAX) through USB 24/96. This is fine for Tidal. What might be the issue is that it is apparently only USB1.0 compatible. It might well be that Tidal does not see the Fiio properly.
So, you MIGHT be ok if you have the "exclusive mode" deselected and set the Fiio to 24/96. Tidal (without the MQA passthrough) optioned should then decode the track and you get a decoded MQA to your DAC.


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Rep Rapport: Five Benefits of Developing a Good Relationship Between Foodservice Designers and Manufacturers' Reps
Written by Amelia Levin, Contributing Editor
Developing solid working relationships with each and every member of the supply chain can help foodservice design projects progress smoothly. In this article, consultant Sean King outlines five ways he uses reps to the advantage of his projects and foodservice operator clients.
Most of us can agree: the role of the manufacturers' rep has changed over the years, from pure sales rep to more of a liaison between manufacturer and consultant or operator. A manufacturers' rep has to be an educator, a trainer, a listener, a negotiator, and an overall supportive colleague. While there is no strict rule for how foodservice designers should work with reps, the more supportive you are of them, the more supportive they'll be for you.
"It really is a back and forth relationship," says Sean King, co-owner of Culinary Consulting & Design with his wife Leigh Craig in Knoxville, Tenn. King should know — he is a former Little Caesars Pizza franchisee and a manufacturers' rep for hot and cold side equipment. He points out five key things manufacturers' reps can do to help — and what foodservice designers can do to work with them more effectively.
1. Technical Data
"I look to my local reps when I need technical information quickly," says King, who consults on both design and business operations for chain restaurants, schools, prisons and more. "Architects are always throwing something at me last minute so having a good rep to help is very important."
These days, King finds that the more successful reps have their own websites, easier access to cut sheets and other technical data so foodservice designers and MAS consultants don't have to track the actual rep down. This also comes in handy when writing very technical spec documents for general contractors on large projects.
Foodservice designers have a part to play in this relationship, too. Unless the rep is completely unresponsive or unavailable, "It's good to give your rep a chance to get you the information you need before going straight to the manufacturer," says King. This builds trust and rapport between both parties.
"Sometimes if I need something directly from the factory I'll tell the rep that I am going to be calling them as a heads up," says King. "Often, they'll connect me directly and continue to offer assistance."
2. Budgeting
Manufacturers' reps can also help with budgeting for large-scale, non-commercial projects like schools. "They can give us potential costs for equipment that we can use to calculate the overall budget for the project," says King. "It's easier to come down in price than go up."
Lately, King's been focused on working with K-12 schools to improve their scratch cooking and nutrition efforts, so he's even more in touch with manufacturers' reps when it comes to budgeting and learning how to train a school's cooking staff on how to better use certain equipment. Manufacturers' reps can also equip foodservice designers and MAS consultants with the right language to educate and explain to schools and other institutions how specific pieces of equipment, such as pulpers and disposers, can save costs over time when working on long-term budgets.
3. Holding Spec
Many foodservice designers know the challenge of getting general contractors and project leads to hold spec when it comes down to the wire. Having a good rapport with contractors and dealers plays a role in this, but manufacturer's reps can help too.
"When I was a rep, if I worked with the consultant to spec certain equipment I would work with the dealer and the general contractor to get them to hold spec," King says. "Sometimes I would hold lunch and learns or other educational sessions with the general contractor about the equipment to build good will and as another way to get them to hold the spec."
4. Education and Training
A good manufacturers' rep stays on top of the latest and greatest equipment to inform their consultant partners. While many hold regular factory training sessions or other workshops, good reps will be available for last-minute training needs when called upon.
"Every scenario is different," King says. A rep could send someone on a plane to the factory to learn more about certain equipment, or he or she could bring the equipment to the consultant directly. In other cases, the rep could bring the consultant to a nearby restaurant or test kitchen to see the equipment in action. The key is to just ask.
Both good foodservice designers and reps know the importance of following up with a client even after the project concludes. Working with the rep to do this only builds rapport even more.
If there's a problem with equipment, the protocol with most warranties is the GC contacts the dealer who then might contact the rep, King says. As a foodservice designer, if you find out about a problem with the equipment, giving a heads-up to the rep helps build rapport and can solve the problem faster. Reps will also help conduct training after installations so the staff knows how to properly use and maintain equipment to its full potential.
Working with the rep closely on follow-up covers your back, too. "If the equipment isn't represented properly and the staff doesn't understand how to use it or thinks it's a piece of junk, that can easily come back on me as a consultant," says King. "That's when I reach out to the rep to make sure they have the best training. The last thing I want is for the foodservice or nutrition director to feel like I let them down because of the design or equipment in the kitchen. The best reps are the ones that thoroughly train and leave the staff competent and confident."
As a foodservice designer and MAS consultant, you know that providing your clients with honesty and fairness, consistency and follow-up is key. But also providing that to your rep will get you what you need, too. It's a win-win situation in the end.
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Q: Linux/shell command to control screen brightness in android I am working on a kiosk project using an android tablet.If there is no input power to the kiosk for a long time then, the tablet will eventually shutdown.In order to auto-reboot the tab when the power comes back I modified the code in my tabs battery animation file(ipod) using:
#!/system/bin/sh
sleep 300
/system/bin/reboot

However,during the sleep period(shown above),the tabs screen remains in the ON state (and hence takes longer retries for the tab to charge and bootup).I need to turn the screen OFF.
What is the command I should use prior to the sleep command to turn my tabs screen OFF during the charging/bootup stage. Thanks !

A: Try this command too,
echo 100 > /sys/devices/platform/nov_cabc.0/leds/lcd-backlight/brightness

or
echo 100 > brightness

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