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27 –28 October 2021, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
Embracing Change and Sustainability with Tech-forward
Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Kelantan and Kasetsart University ( Thailand), in collaboration with Institut Teknologi Bandung (Indonesia), Chiang Mai University (Thailand), and Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University (Thailand) cordially invite you to participate in Internation- al Joint Conference 2021 (IJC2021). The event joins together International Conference on Mathematics, Statistics and Computing Technology (ICMSCT2021) and International Conference on Governance, Management and Social Innovation (ICGMSI2021).
The joint conference will be held virtually from Kasetsart University on 27&28 October 2021. Embracing Change and Sustainability with Tech-forward is the theme for IJC2021 with the aim of gathering academicians and researchers from related fields to meet and share the ideas, knowledge and innovations. The joint forces of Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand educational institutions provide a platform for researchers and practitioners from diversified sectors to build various research collaborations at international level.
All accepted papers for ICGMSI2021 will be peer-reviewed and published in MyCite Journals (Journal of Governance and Integrity (JGI), ESTEEM Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (JSSM)) or refereed journals. Selected papers will be considered (subject to recommendations by reviewers) for publication in SCOPUS (Management and Accounting Review (MAR))/WOS (Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal (APMAJ)) with additional publication fees.
ICMSCT 2021
All accepted papers for ICMSCT2021 will be peer-reviewed and published in Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS) – SCOPUS conference proceedings. Selected papers will be considered (subject to recommendations by reviewers) for publication in SCOPUS/WOS journals with additional publication fees.
ICGMSI2021
For any inquiries, please contact
Wan Nuur Fazliza Wan Zakaria (+60133938727),
Dr Marziana Madah Marzuki (+60179808778),
Dr. Wan Fairos Wan Yaacob (+60199853350)
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICS, STATISTICS AND COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY (ICMSCT2021)
TRACK 1 | MATHEMATICS / STATISTICS
TRACK 2 | COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY http://icmsct2021.ijc-conference.com
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GOVERNANCE, MANAGEMENT AND SOCIAL INNOVATION (ICGMSI2021)
TRACK 1 | GOVERNANCE
TRACK 2 | BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT
TRACK 3 | SOCIAL INNOVATION & SUSTAINABILITY
http://icgmsi2021.ijc-conference.com
Call for Paper : October 2020
Camera Ready:15 August 2021
Registration Deadline: 30 September 2021
Full Paper Submission: 30 June 2021
Notification of Acceptance: 31 July 2021
Conference Date: 27-28 October 2021
Dhiya Al-Jumeily
Dhiya Al-Jumeily is a professor of Artificial Intelligence and the Associate Dean of External Engagement for the Faculty of Engineering and Technology. He has extensive research interests covering a wide variety of interdisciplinary perspectives concerning the theory and practice of Applied Computing in medicine, human biology, and health care. He has published well over 200 peer reviewed scientific publications, 6 books and 5 book chapters, in multidisciplinary research areas including: Technology Enhanced Learning, Applied Artificial Intelligence, Neural Networks, Signal Prediction, Telecommunication Fraud Detection, AI-based clinical decision-making, medical knowledge engineering, Human-Machine Interaction, intelligent medical information systems, wearable and intelligent devices and instruments. But his current research passion is decision support systems for self-management of health and disease.
Ken Haig (Ph.D.)
Ken Haig (Ph.D.) is Head of Energy and Environment Policy for Amazon Web Services (AWS) in the Asia-Pacific region and Japan. Before joining AWS, Ken helped launch the APAC business for Opower, a startup that pioneered the blending of behavioral science and data science to promote large-scale energy management programs (acquired by Oracle in 2016), and prior to this was a U.S.-based academic teaching/researching comparative politics and public policy at U.C. Berkeley, Harvard University, and Bard College. Ken holds a B.A. from Harvard University, and a Masters and Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of California, Berkeley.
Main Organizer
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In which I beg forgiveness once again.
I was on vacation in the Shenandoah Valley June 13–22. I know I promised to post from the road, but I was kind of enjoying being (relatively) unplugged.
We're still down by one person at work.
I'll be on leave again tomorrow and on July 18–24. We'll see if "post from the road" can happen then.


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Short notes on the Principles of evaluation
In evaluation, we reach a value judgment on the basis of the fixed principles of evaluation. In this connection the Secondary Education Commission opined, 'The school of today concerns itself not only with the intellectual pursuits but also with the emotional and social development of the child, his physical and mental health, his social adjustment and other equally important aspects of his life-is a word with all round development of his personality".
Evaluation is an attempt to know the extent of success of the child in various fields and to help him in making further progress. It is an attempt to measure the level of student's level of intelligence, attainment, aptitude and interest etc. Our evaluation system should be such as to help us in understanding our pupils better so that he may be helped to overcome his difficulties.
These lays "Evaluation" is used for "Examinations". Evaluation has been defined by Wrightston, "Evaluation is a relatively new technical term introduced to design a more comprehensive concept of measurement implied in conventional tests and examinations".
Examinations put more emphasis on measuring the student's achievements in academic subjects only but in evaluation an attempt is made to measure all the changes that take place in the development of balanced personality and measure the qualities of head, hand, health and heart of the pupil.
Putting his opinion in respect of evaluation M. Brown writes, "Evaluation is essential in the never ending cycle of formulating goals measuring progress towards them and determining the new goals which emerge as a result of new warnings-evaluation involves measurement which means objective quantitative evidence. But it is broader than measurement and implies that considerations have been given to certain values, standards and then interpretation of the evidence has been made in the light of the particular situation."
In the opinion of Good, "Evaluation is a process of ascertaining of judging the amount of some thing by careful appraisal".
From the above we can conclude that evaluation is concerned both with scholastic achievements and behavioural changes.
Guiding principles of evaluation
The principles of evaluation as suggested by Grim can be summarised as under:
(i) Evaluation takes into consideration the complete picture just as we consider the total personality of the child in learning.
(ii) For evaluation of the child an attempt is made to collect varied and relatively objective evidence.
(iii) Evaluation should enable the child to appraise himself.
(iv) For the success of evaluation process that teachers, parents, pupils, community, administration should participate in the process of evaluation.
(v) Evaluation must be a continuous and cumulative process.
(vi) Evaluation must be closely related to the guidance programme.
Valuable notes on the Evaluation Process in Education
What is the Difference Between "Scientific Evaluation and Humanistic Evaluation"?
Comprehensive Essay on Teacher Evaluation
Principles and Objectives of Evaluation Process in Teaching Science
What are the Principles, Objectives, Classes, Curriculum and Evaluation of Mirambika School?
What is the need for testing the student's performance?
What are the Devices of evaluation in commerce?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The generally accepted theory is that a meteor strike at the Yucatan Peninsula was responsible, but there is an increasing amount of data to suggest that volcanism in ancient India was the real cause.
Dinosaurs are charismatic megafauna that capture our imagination with their size and variety. The dinosaurs were wiped out along with 70 percent of all life forms at the end of the Cretaceous period, about 66 million years ago. Pterosaurs, which were flying reptiles and the mosasaurs, carnivorous aquatic lizards also died out at these events. Both of these are equally charismatic megafauna, but are not dinosaurs, although they lived during the same time. One of the biggest unanswered questions in science is what exactly led to their extinction. Over the years, there have been many proposed explanations.
In the Cretaceous period, angiosperms (flowering plants and hardwood trees) overran the landscape, replacing the ginkgos, cycads and conifers (roughly, ferns). According to some early extinction theorists, this onset of new genera of vegetation just a while before the extinction of the dinosaurs is no coincidence, it is the cause. The herbivores did not evolve fast enough to eat and digest the new plants, and because of this, they starved to death. As a consequence, the carnivores that depended on the herbivores as a food source also starved to death. The theory fails to explain the extinction of marine reptiles.
In 1962, an entomologist by the name of SE Flanders published a paper in the Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera suggesting that caterpillars killed the dinosaurs. In the middle of the Jurassic period, the caterpillars emerged, around the same time as the advent of flowering plants. For a brief time after their emergence, they had no natural predators. According to Flanders, without any external regulation, the caterpillars went on to consume all the plant matter. This left the herbivores without any food, and they starved to death. The death of the herbivores started a trophic cascade that ended with the extinction of all dinosaurs. However, the death by caterpillar theory has been discarded because of several reasons. It does not explain why small mammals also died off, and molluscs in the sea that were not part of the food pyramid that the caterpillars supposedly disrupted. The reptiles of the sea and air also went extinct at the same time.
Ophthalmologist LR Croft proposed that the dinosaurs became extinct because they went blind. In the 1982 book, The Last Dinosaurs: A New Look at the Extinction of the Dinosaurs, Croft argued that a global rise in temperatures led to dinosaurs going blind. Even in human eyes, prolonged exposure to heat and light can cause cataracts. As supporting evidence, Croft argues that the structures around the eyes and heads of dinosaurs such as spines, ridges and bones were all there to protect their eyes from intense solar radiation. As the dinosaurs went blind en masse, they could no longer find the food, and thus starved to death. This theory does not adequately explain why the lizards, turtles and crocodilians survived the extinction event, or why the ammonites in the sea did not.
The methane from farting bovines is a significant component in the amount of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere. If cattle can contribute so much to global warming, then the question arises about how much the giant plant-eating long-necked quadruped dinosaurs emitted. These are a group of dinosaurs called sauropods and included the brachiosaurus, the diplodocus, the apatosaurus and the brontosaurus. A 2012 study estimated that the global production of methane from sauropods was around 520 million tonnes per year, which is comparable to current levels. While the paper was a serious effort at estimating the amount of methane pumped into the atmosphere because of the sauropods, they did not go as far as to say that the resulting climate change caused the extinction of all dinosaurs. That leap in logic was taken by news sites in the quest for viral headlines.
In S04E10 of the History channel TV series, ancient aliens have a wild proposition for what killed the dinosaurs. According to the theory, the dinosaurs died in an extermination event, and not an extinction event. Instead of the global iridium layer being caused by an asteroid impact, the layer was the result of nuclear explosions. Further evidence for this is the heavy lead painted on top of fossil skeletons of some dinosaurs showcased in museums around the world. This is because the remains are radioactive. The reason some fossils are radioactive is much more mundane than nuclear weapons by ancient aliens. The ground itself is radioactive, and if the bodies were deposited in the regions with a large amount of radioactive minerals, then the resulting fossils are radioactive. The episode uses a combination of science and pseudoscience to propose the ridiculous extinction theory and does not stop there. It even goes on to claim that some dinosaurs survived the extermination, walked the Earth alongside humans, and may even be alive to this day.
Apart from the ridiculous, there are a whole bunch of other theories that are being investigated by a small number of these researchers. One of the theories that has almost been discarded by most scientists – is a global pandemic. Essentially, the idea is that diseases killed of the dinosaurs. A number of diseases have been pinpointed, including a plague, malaria, sleeping sickness, parasites, bone infections and cancer.
Roy Lee Moodie was one of the earliest practitioners of a field known as palaeopathology. The idea is to study the fossilised remains of the dinosaurs, and figure out if they were affected by any diseases. He wrote a book on the subject. Moodie noted that the number of broken bones and infections spiked around the time of the extinction of the dinosaurs. His conclusion was that the dinosaurs were killed by various diseases and that these diseases died off with them.
There are still a few palaeopathologists who are investigating the possibility of widespread diseases killing off the dinosaurs.
The work of George and Roberta Poinar inspired Jurassic Park. According to their theory, insects played a major role in the demise of the dinosaurs. They have found amber specimens with insects still trapped inside them – including mosquitoes and sandflies. Within the guts of the insects, are the blood sucked from the giant reptiles. The insects are studied by carefully cutting the amber away, until there is just a thin layer of it between the insect and the microscope. Among the blood cells, the researchers also identified microorganisms – parasites that spread diseases that are still around to this day. Additionally, coprolites – the fossilised dung of the dinosaurs show lines of burrows – which indicated that the stomachs of the beasts had worms within them. The dung from herds of sauropods would be extremely effective at harbouring and spreading disease spreading microorganisms.
Now conclusively proving widespread diseases among the dinosaurs is a monumental task, considering there is very little skin and tissue to work with. However, scientists holding on to the belief of a disease killing off the dinosaurs point out to an extinction by a disease that might be ongoing. Since the 1970s, hundreds of species of frogs and salamanders have gone extinct – all because of diseases. By and large, though, the wider scientific community does not believe that a pandemic wiped out the dinosaurs. The main reason for this is that the marine reptiles and the and shelled creatures are unlikely to be affected by the same vectors of spreading diseases. The sandflies and mosquitoes could not possibly have bitten them too.
In 1971, Dale Russell and Wallace Tucker proposed that the dinosaurs could have been killed off because of a nearby supernova. The amount of radiation because of the supernova would be enough to directly cause radiation sickness to the dinosaurs. A stream of high energy neutrinos could cause genetic mutations and cancers. With an intense enough nova, the ozone layer could have been wiped off for a few centuries. This meant any surviving organisms would be subjected to a sustained period of global warming and exposed to intense cancer-causing radiation from the Sun. Unlike most of the proposed theories for dinosaur extinction, such a nearby nova would affect marine and plant life as well. At that time, Russell and Tucker did not identify a known source of the supernova that supposedly killed the dinosaurs. The remnant of the explosion would have been scattered across the galaxy and is difficult to identify 65 million years later anyway. Such evidence can potentially be found in the geological record.
Interest in the theory was revived in 1993, by researchers associated with NASA and CERN, John Ellis and David N Schramm. The theoretical physicists published a paper calculating the effects of a supernova, and if it could possibly cause a mass extinction event. The conclusion was that about once every 100 million years, there is a supernova within 10 parsecs of the Earth, which can wipe out the ozone layer for a few centuries. The paper points out that the dangers of supernova explosions have been underestimated so far, and that further study is required in the area.
The first person to suggest that an asteroid impact could have wiped out the Earth was MW De Laubenfels in 1956. The starting point for the theory was the mysterious Tunguska event of 1908. Considering the damage caused by the unknown object, De Laubenfels calculated the consequences of a much a larger strike. According to the paper, the dinosaurs were wiped out by "hot winds" by a large meteor strike.
In 1980, a team of researchers led by Nobel Laureate Luis Walter Alvarez published a blockbuster paper. In the paper, the researchers announced the finding of a global layer of iridium in the geological record. Iridium is an abundant element in the bodies of the solar system, including asteroids. Most of the iridium in the Earth is expected to be deposited within its core, and very little is in the crust. The researchers concluded that the iridium layer, now called the iridium anomaly, was deposited by an extraterrestrial object – most likely an asteroid. The iridium layer also has shocked quartz. The substructures in the crystals were knocked out of place by seismic waves travelling around the globe. About 60 percent of the mass of the object would be injected into the atmosphere as dust. This dust would spread across the world, and eventually settle down everywhere. The dust would block out the sun, wiping out the bottom of the food chain – plants and phytoplankton in the oceans that produce oxygen. An asteroid about 10 kilometres in diameter striking the Earth would be able to cause such an impact. The impact would cause a crater about 100 kilometres in diameter.
Unknown to the researchers, such a crater had been discovered just two years before the paper was published. Geophysicists surveying the Gulf of Mexico for possible oil drilling locations noticed a vast crater embedded deep within the continental crust. The crater was 150 kilometres in diameter, expected to be caused by an object between 10 to 15 kilometres in diameter, and was reliably dated to within five million years of the extinction event that wiped out the dinosaurs, and 70 percent of all other species. The Chicxulub crater was the "smoking gun" for what is called the Alvarez hypothesis. The asteroid strike theory has since then grown to be the most widely accepted cause for the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) extinction event, previously known as the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K–T) extinction event.
A link between volcanism and the K-Pg extinction event was first proposed by a 1978 paper by DM McLean. According to Dewey McLean, volcanic eruptions first put particulate matter into the atmosphere, which led to a period of global cooling. The organisms were adapting to the cooling when a runaway greenhouse gas effect led to a sudden period of global warming. The organisms could not evolve rapidly enough to survive this sudden development, which is why most of the life forms on Earth died out.
Since then, there have been a small number of scientists holding on to the volcanism hypothesis. In a 2003 paper, Vincent Courtillot and Paul Renne published a paper showing that most of the major mass extinction events are associated with increased volcanic activity. For example, the massive volcanic outpourings from the Siberian Traps are believed to be the cause of the Permian–Triassic (P–T) extinction event. It is the only known mass extinction event for insects, and about 90 percent of all life forms were wiped from existence. Life on Earth took ten million years to recover from the P-T extinction event. Courtillot and Renne proposed that increased volcanism was the general explanation for all mass extinction events.
While all the major extinction events are chronologically linked to known sources of increased volcanism, only the K-Pg extinction event is linked to an impact crater. Considering the rarity of the impact craters of a similar size, and the frequency of flood basalt plains, the authors show that periods of increased volcanism are more common than large asteroid strikes. The paper goes on to demonstrate that while the volcanism is sufficient to cause the extinction on its own, and the only clear evidence of an asteroid that could have caused a mass extinction is during a period with increased volcanism.
One of the biggest opponents of the Alvares hypothesis is Gerta Keller, a palaeontologist from Princeton University. Keller, along with Ashok Sahni from Punjab University and Sunil Bajpai from IIT-Roorkee have published research linking the massive volcanic outpourings in the Deccan traps to the K-Pg extinction event.
The igneous rock that we read about in the boring geography textbooks are actually the remains of massive floods of lava. The Deccan traps, an igneous province that covers portions of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Northern Karnataka are one of the largest volcanic features in the world. The massive eruptions reached over 1000 km across India, and could well be the longest lava flows known to man. What remains of these layers of cooled down lava are the stratified rocks that we see in the Deccan traps today.
According to the volcanism theory, the massive eruptions pumped sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, over a period of a million years. The sulfur dioxide would have cooled the atmosphere, while the carbon dioxide would have heated it. The geological record shows mixed signals, with some rocks showing a period of cooling, while others showing a period of warming. One explanation is a period of cooling followed by a sudden period of warming, and a runaway greenhouse gas effect. The carbon cycle of the Earth was disturbed, and this led to the K-Pg extinction event. The volcanism also explains how the iridium got released into the atmosphere of the Earth and was deposited all over it.
While the debate got murky at times, the two theories are not totally at odds with each other. Researchers have been trying to accurately date the Chicxulub impactor, and some findings suggested that the asteroid had struck slightly before the extinction event. The best dating techniques now show that the strike coincided almost exactly with the extinction. However, that does not mean that the Chicxulub event was the only cause for the extinction of the dinosaurs. It could be that the asteroid strike was the "last straw". The fossil record shows that almost all the non-avian dinosaurs had been wiped out before the asteroid struck, which would make the volcanism in the Deccan traps the only available explanation.
Even in the 2003 paper, Courtillot and Renne did not consider that the Chicxulub impact as opposed to the volcanism hypothesis. Instead, they proposed that the perceived consequences of the strike were lesser than previously thought. The meteor was not the single reason that the dinosaurs died, but it did manage to wipe out species that were already stressed. The authors maintain that volcanism was the main agent for the K-Pg extinction event.
There are some questions still to be answered in the one-two punch or hybrid theory of dinosaur extinction. Essentially instead of just a single factor, it considers both the volcanism and the impactor as contributing factors. Out of the two, the volcanism could have finished off the dinosaurs on their own. The question now arises on how much the volcanism and the strike contributed to the extinction. While the volcanism was spread out over a million years, about 90 percent of the lava flows are suspected to have occurred right around the K-Pg boundary. A more precise dating of the layers in the Deccan Traps is needed to resolve the remaining questions.


Place beer, melted butter and 1 1/2 tablespoons of vanilla in the bowl of a stand mixer. Mix on low until combined.
Mix in eggs and sour cream until smooth.
Add in cocoa powder, sugar, flour, baking soda and salt. Mix on low, scraping the sides of the bowl as needed. Stir in chocolate chips.
Line your temp-tations® cupcake pan with paper liners. You will have to bake these in multiple batches. Fill each liner 3/4 full with batter.
Bake for 12 minutes or until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean. Cool slightly before removing from pan.
For the frosting, blend the cream cheese and butter in the bowl of a stand mixer until light and fluffy, about 3 minutes.
Add in remaining 1/2 tablespoon of vanilla and mix well.
Pour in powdered sugar and heavy cream. Start mixer on low until sugar is fully incorporated; then increase speed until frosting is smooth. Add more heavy cream if needed.
Pipe or spread frosting onto each cooled cupcake.


"All who love Nicholas the saintly . . ."
With the coming of the feast day of St. Nicholas, the fall semester at St. Herman Seminary comes to an end. After the celebration of the Divine Liturgy, the staff and students of the seminary enjoy a feast (and a little candy for the children) before many head back to their villages for the Nativity break. We also enjoy the presence of several of the faithful from Holy Resurrection Cathedral as together we share the joy of the day.


The Master Builders Association Malaysia (MBAM) Education Fund Scholarship Awards 2014 is now open for application from eligible applicants.
Malaysian citizens applying for undergraduate degree courses related to the construction industry at all local public universities and Malaysian Qualification Agency (MQA) accredited courses in private universities are eligible to apply.
For further enquiries please contact us at 03-7984 8636 or e-mail toed@mbam.org.my.
Application forms should reach MBAM Secretariat latest by 30th June 2014(Monday).Only shortlisted candidates will be notified for an interview.


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Photographed by Michel Widenius
Tove Lo on Why You Should Love Your Vagina
"Women don't need balls to be brave. Our vaginas will do just fine."
By Tove Lo
Photography by Michel Widenius
As a part of our very special, Volume II: Music Issue, we talked to singer-songwriter and unapologetic vagina enthusiast, Tove Lo, about what her vagina tattoo means to her and why more woman should be proud of their lady parts.
"Excuse me, what's that symbol on your jacket?"
"A vagina," I said.
"Oh, come on, my wife's right here."
"Well, she has one, so hopefully she's not offended."
My whole crew (of two girls and eight dudes) and I walked away smiling, with my vagina logo on the backs of our tour jackets. It's the same symbol I, along with many of our fans, have tattooed on my arm. To some people, like that couple, "showing off" the vagina in any way is seen as something shocking and scandalous.
I don't know if it's their religious or cultural beliefs that make them think it's something to be ashamed of, but I know for sure I don't feel that way: You should be proud of your vagina — it's a cool and positive part of you! Being open and free about the body and self-love (the way I am) can be provocative — but that doesn't mean that it's bad or dangerous.
My vagina tattoo reminds me not to make myself smaller, which is often what's expected of women. To be loud is to be seen as being a troublemaker. As girls, we're often not encouraged to speak up. I'm allowed to claim my space. The symbol, which is also on the cover of my album Lady Wood, is a reminder to go for the things that scare you but also give you a rush. People tell me all the time that I'm a chick with balls. It's supposed to be a compliment, but really it's insulting. Women don't need balls to be brave. Our vaginas will do just fine.
Go Inside Our Out-Of-This-World MUSIC Issue!Arrow
Don't forget to subscribe now to get our new, out-of-this-world MUSIC issue!
Related: Halsey Opens Up About Living With Bipolar Disorder and How Criticism Affects Her
Keywordsvolume 2 music
You Shouldn't Try to Make Your Vagina Smell Like Maple Syrup No Matter What TikTok Says
TikTokers are using this herb to change their vaginal odor, and experts say it's probably not a great idea.
By Sasha Monet Wayman
Noah Schnapp Came Out as Gay on TikTok
"I guess I'm more similar to Will than I thought."
By Brittney McNamara
In Ginny & Georgia Season 2, Zion Shines as the Voice of Reason
Actor Nathan Mitchell unpacks how he brings Zion to the screen in this edition of Main Character Energy.
By Stitch
The Last Of Us Star Bella Ramsey Almost Passed on Her Role as Ellie
The 19-year-old actress "seriously considered" saying no to the show.


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Indomania: Still Best Place You Don't Know
Alex Rodriguez | January 20, 2012 | 8:33am
estaurant options in Miami Beach? The most obvious choices are over-priced-and-tourist-laden Lincoln Road, south of 5th street for the "seen and be seen" evening scene, and Washington Avenue for the usual pizza and burger joints. But where's the fun in the regulars, though? Hint: there isn't any.
Enter the delightfully quaint Indomania on the corner of Collins and 26th Street.... tucked behind a sketchy convenience store-err... cafe, of sorts. You could miss it, but perhaps that's why it was named New Times Best Under-The-Radar Restaurant in 2008. With just a few blips on the radar since, we thought we'd pop in to see if it still made the cut.
Greeted by a waiter with all smiles, we were seated right away in one of about 30 seats at most. He quickly offered the menu, recommendations and wine.
We opted for the Rijsttafel Sumatra. At $28 per person, it was described to us as the "more flavorful and spicier" tasting menu. Bring on the heartburn and stomach aches.
Within ten minutes of ordering, our waiter, Ricky, came back equipped with a slew of small plates and bowls. The hot dishes were placed on our very own hot plates (something of a Bunsen Burner, but fancier) while the room temperature and cold dishes were sporadically placed around the table.
The meal as a whole was quite good, but if we had to fit most of this particular tasting menu's dishes into two categories, we could.
The favorites: sate ayam (grilled chicken skewer with peanut sauce), gulai telur (boiled egg in curry sauce), sambal buncis (crispy, spiced string beans), gado gado (salad with string beans, cabbage and tofu), acar ketimoen (sweet and sour cucumber) and rujak manis (Indonesian fruit salad of apples and sweet soy sauce).
The least favorites: ayam besengek (boneless chicken in mild coconut curry), and rendang padang (beef stew in spiced coconut sauce).
While the favorites were outright divine, the least favorites simply lacked seasoning. It doesn't mean they weren't good - someone (like myself, who prefers less to more) would most likely enjoy the simple chicken and beef dishes. On the other hand, someone (like my dinner partner who prefers over seasoned to under), found them unappetizing.
Aside from the minor table discrepancies, what really caught our eye about the place was the service. Husband and wife owned, Pieter and Ineke Both really put their effort into making Indomania a comfortable, family-oriented space. Pieter did not step off the floor for a second throughout our entire duration there. His genuine appreciation and adoration for his guests was the most obvious part of the evening - what's more, we're almost positive they were all strangers to him, strangers that were treated like family.
"We started five years ago just with Ineke in the kitchen and me in the front as a server and now it's four in the kitchen and four in the front and we're packed every night," said owner Pieter, "this is what I love to do". It shows.
Follow Short Order on Facebook and Twitter @Short_Order.


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On Saturday night, in the heart of Obama's America, Cobble Hill, Brooklyn, I paid $10 to see 2016: Obama's America, the anti-Obama documentary from Dinesh D'Souza that has been a sleeper summer hit, expanding from one screen in Houston on July 13th to wider release at more than a thousand theaters, finally cracking the box-office top ten this weekend. Though I'd read that the documentary was doing surprisingly well in New York City, even at the Union Square multiplex, I walked into the theater half-expecting it to be empty. Who in this quiet corner of bougie Brooklyn is going to see a movie that takes Obama's multi-culti life story and uses it not as cause for celebration, but rather as evidence that he is working his way through an insidious agenda meant to level the global playing field until America is on a sad par with developing countries like, say, Kenya and Indonesia?
The theater, it turned out, was not empty: there were 20 or so attendees, about a third of whom were sitting alone. A plurality were elderly white men. Four were people of color. I might have been the only person under 40. One couple had driven in from Mill Basin, a suburban-like neighborhood in far south Brooklyn. Another was visiting from Pittsburgh, and was "surprised" to find the film playing here. In the ladies room after the movie, a pair of Russian immigrant women, one dressed in a T-shirt with the Fendi logo and painted-on eyebrows, told me that America was lately reminding them of the Soviet Union.
According to Noah Elgart, who was manning the box office and whose family owns the theater, this was a typical crowd—sparse, elderly. It's been mostly older people seeing the show in Cobble Hill. They decided to screen the film after a customer inquired and Elgart—in his twenties, and a self-described "independent voter"—was intrigued enough to push his father on the issue. They've been getting angry phone calls and Facebook postings about showing it in Cobble Hill, but at the family's other theater, in Kew Gardens, Queens (part of the congressional district where Republican Bob Turner pulled off his surprising special-election victory to replace former Congressman Anthony Weiner—a victory that was widely interpreted as a canary in the coal mines for Obama's prospects with the Jewish vote), it's been doing much better.
The success of the film (made for $2.5 million and funded by 25 or so private investors) probably has a lot to do with its widespread promotion on conservative talk radio, but on the phone, D'Souza told me that he thinks it's striking a chord not for the policy, but for the plot. "[Moviegoers] find the story, particularly as occasionally told by Obama, to be riveting and really dramatic." That story, as in the splashy 2010 Forbes article that inspired the film and his book The Roots of Obama's Rage is Obama's own biography—indeed, D'Souza often uses the president's own voice from his audiobook narration of Dreams From My Father. In this case, Obama's polyglot background is read not as an extraordinary, only-in-America story, but as the reason for his deep "anticolonial" bias. In D'Souza's version of the Obama presidency, small pieces of evidence (Obama returned a bust of Winston Churchill that was in the White House back to the Brits; he doesn't support Britain in the dispute with Argentina over the Falkland Islands) are marshaled in service of the larger argument that he wants to put the rest of the world on equal footing with the United States in a way that will inevitably mean a degradation of the American way of life.
What's most troubling about the film is the relatively sophisticated way in which D'Souza manages to "other" Obama, even, or especially, while talking slowly and at about an eighth-grade reading level to his audience. He affects an air of puzzled investigatory journalism—"What is Obama's dream?" he asks. To D'Souza, the president's dream is nothing short of the death of the American one. We are told that Obama's founding fathers are not Franklin and Jefferson, but rather (relatively marginal) figures in his life like Bill Ayers and Edward Said. There's a reminder that Obama's Hawaiian high school had a liberal curriculum that can be boiled down to, in D'Souza's phrasing "oppression studies." There's a faux-measured conclusion that anti-colonialism can, occasionally, translate into "anti-white." Images of squalor in the third-world countries Obama has personal ties to are juxtaposed with discussions of his current presidency and the sad state of our economy.
Seriously as a threat, anyway. In our conversation, D'Souza kept mentioning that his film didn't have the marketing budget of films it's competing against, like Dark Knight. But what it does have is a villain (Obama) and a hero under duress (the American way of life). With this formula, is it any wonder it's become a summer blockbuster?


Waze – this amazing app is free on iOS, Android and Windows so that's a good start. Use your smartphone to download Waze and use it to get from A to B in the shortest possible time. Real-time traffic info is also supplied along with petrol prices as well as alternative routes to take if there are traffic jams. Waze is an ideal, easy to use app, so give it a try soon.
Petrolprices – this marvellous app lets you know where the nearest petrol station is and gives you the prices for the cheapest fuel, LPG including diesel. All fuel prices are updated on a daily basis so they are reliable and correct. Take a look at the map on the app to find out the best prices of the fuel you need. Do you have a Nectar card? You can find petrol stations that take Nectar cards whether they are 5 or 20 miles away from your position. Available to download for both iOS and Android.
Carcorder – is a dashboard camera that records your journey no matter where you are. Stay safe on the roads with an app that transforms your smartphone into a video recorder. All you need to do is mount the phone on the windscreen, rear camera facing the road and off you go. Your phone's camera will do all the work for you recording other drivers, road conditions and (hopefully not in your case) any accidents. Available from the Apple iOS store here.
iOnRoad – this affordable app appeals to those drivers who just love gadgets. It's a reality driving app and uses your phone's camera along with motion sensors and the in-built GPS. It maps the road you're taking and shows lots of useful information. The iOnRoad app also displays the time and distance to the car in front of you, your speed and reads speed limit signs. If you get too close to the car in front, an alert will sound. Speeding? A warning is given both visually and audibly.
Parkopedia – this free iOS and Android app is perfect when you're searching for a parking space. It maps and lists each parking space throughout the world! If you're in a town or city for the first time, or driving abroad, Parkopedia works in 75 countries covering more than 38m parking spaces. Just put in an address, filter your search results, decide whether you want undercover or free parking and press go.
Want to make your car journey more relaxing and enjoyable? Check out the many music apps available to listen to your favourite songs. Spotify, Pandora, iHeartRadio and many others are free, so download them now.
Remember to never use your phone while driving. For your safety and other road users, buy a hands-free kit. Also make sure the apps are UK based!


text:
Q: How to deny all stored procedures to specific user in SQL Server? I already have numerous existing stored procedure in database. I am now re-creating users and giving them access to tables, schemas and stored procedures.
How can I deny access to all of my stored procedures without denying it one by one in securables properties of user?

A: Datareader and datawriter don't grant execute on stored procedures.
So you can grant either/both of these and then grant the required stored proc execute permissions required.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
    <?php
    $form = $this->beginWidget('bootstrap.widgets.TbActiveForm', array(
        'id' => 'gallery-form',
        'enableAjaxValidation' => false,
        'method' => 'post',
        'type' => 'horizontal',
        'htmlOptions' => array(
            'enctype' => 'multipart/form-data'
        )
    ));
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    <fieldset>
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        </legend>

        <?php echo $form->errorSummary($model, 'Opps!!!', null, array('class' => 'alert alert-error span12')); ?>

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                        'label' => '',
                        'encodeLabel' => false,
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                            'style' => 'margin-left:3px',
                            'onclick' => 'js:bootbox.prompt("Name new description for this photo ",
			function(result){
                            if (result){
                                $.ajax({
                                    url:"' . url('gallery/updateDesc/' . $oGallery->id) . '",
                                    data:"desc="+result,
                                    type:"POST",
                                    success:function(result2){
                                        $("#elm' . $oGallery->id . ' .caption").html(result);
                                    }
                                });
                            }
                        })',
                        ),
                    ));

echo CHtml::ajaxLink(
                                        '', url('galleryCategory/defaultPhoto', array('id' => $oGallery->gallery_category_id, 'gallery_id' => $oGallery->id,'image'=>$oGallery->image)), array(
                                    'type' => 'POST',
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                                                    {
                                                      $("#elm' . $oGallery->id . '").css("border", "solid 4px cadetblue");
                                                    }'), array('class' => 'btn')
                                );
                    echo CHtml::ajaxLink(
                            '', url('gallery/delete', array('id' => $oGallery->id)), array(
                        'type' => 'POST',
                        'success' => 'function( data )
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                                                    }'), array('class' => 'btn')
                    )
                    . '

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                }
                ?>

            Foto

                <?php
                $this->widget('application.extensions.EAjaxUpload.EAjaxUpload', array(
                    'id' => 'primary_image',
                    'config' => array(
                        'action' => Yii::app()->createUrl('Gallery/upload/' . $model->gallery_category_id),
                        'allowedExtensions' => array("jpg", "jpeg", "gif", "png", "gif"), //array("jpg","jpeg","gif","exe","mov" and etc...
                        'sizeLimit' => 2 * 1024 * 1024, // maximum file size in bytes
                        'minSizeLimit' => 10 * 10 * 10, // minimum file size in bytes
                        'multiple' => false,
                    //'onComplete'=>"js:function(id, fileName, responseJSON){ alert(fileName  ); }",
                    //'messages'=>array(
                    //                  'typeError'=>"{file} has invalid extension. Only {extensions} are allowed.",
                    //                  'sizeError'=>"{file} is too large, maximum file size is {sizeLimit}.",
                    //                  'minSizeError'=>"{file} is too small, minimum file size is {minSizeLimit}.",
                    //                  'emptyError'=>"{file} is empty, please select files again without it.",
                    //                  'onLeave'=>"The files are being uploaded, if you leave now the upload will be cancelled."
                    //                 ),
                    //'showMessage'=>"js:function(message){ alert(message); }"
                    ),
                ));
                ?>

Untuk melakukan multiple upload file, drag foto secara bersamaan ke dalam area tombol Upload

Extensi yang diperbolehkan adalah jpg, jpeg, gif, png, gif

Thumbnail foto akan dicreate secara otomatis oleh systems

    </fieldset>

    <?php $this->endWidget(); ?>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
You are currently browsing the category archive for the 'Mersea Island' category.
By JD's Pie 'n' Mash I Sat Down and Wept (Clacton and Jaywick)
Sunday, 17 January, 2010 in * EAST, Clacton-On-Sea, Jaywick, Mersea Island | Tags: Clacton-On-Sea, Jaywick, JD's Pie 'n' Mash, lost promenade, Mersea Island, Rosa Lee, seaside | by tambamalam | 3 comments
dodgems
Today's trip is to Clacton, Lindsey is driving us. It's Halloween and grey and dank, the sky a trembling old lady, adrift and sobbing, goose-pimpled spindleshanks sprouting from dirty pop socks. And the 'lost' part of the Lost Promenade is uppermost in our minds, or at least in Tamsin's mind, for earlier this month Tamsin has lost something big. A commonplace betrayal, a partner of 13 years who scared of dying, yet also living, confused sex with love and chose a slow wino decline and the breathless little girl act of another self-abusing self-deluder. Chose to lie and keep on lying. Chose the path most shallow. And left Tamsin to walk alone. But although nothing is constant apart from dogshit, pain and Friends reruns, the coast retains a protean permanence, and everybody knows that sea air is a cure-all.
So here we are in Clacton and Jolly Roger's restaurant on the pier looks like a black silo. Tamsin can only see things through a sheet of scratched plastic, everything is blurred and distant. Controls are set to numb. Nhung and Lindsey try to rally her, but it's hard.
What can a silly woman do in such circumstances but get her fortune told? And hope the psychic will spin some comfort to wrap around like threadbare candlewick. Tamsin places her palms over the crystal ball, Gypsy Rosa Lee's hands are on top and Tamsin can feel her pulse. What does Rosa Lee see? Travel connected to water (quite frankly a bit difficult to travel anywhere without crossing water, but as the Lost Prom are going on a cruise next year, we'll give her the benefit of the doubt). A female friend betraying confidences. A new career, working with her hands (as she's useless at anything practical, Tamsin can only assume that she will become a strangler, Hands of the Ripper-style). A face from the past, and the great revelation – Tamsin lets her heart rule her head. No shit. Tamsin's stupid tears splash onto the gypsy's liver-spotted hands. And as Tamsin picks up her bag to walk out of the door, Rosa shouts after her "Don't be so soft!". And this is absolutely true. But every person who has ever gone to a fortune teller on a seaside pier could be described that way. Tamsin asked Rosa Lee if she enjoyed her job. She has done it for 25 years. She finds it tiring.
There was an aquarium. It promised a shark. But we didn't want to risk our pennies on what would probably be a disappointment, a haddock with a Dairy Lea triangle sellotaped on its back. However it was Halloween, so it would be churlish not to have a ride on the ghost train. Through the tunnel we clattered, past unconvincing tableaux of angry dogs and Norman Bates' mum. The Lost Prom were giggling when suddenly a man in a gorilla suit ran up to us and started shaking our shoulders, yelling over and over "Why are you laughing? Why are you laughing?". We pictured him being "discovered" for his job…a passing fairground impressario with a big cigar spots a local care in the community street shouter: "Boy, I'm gonna make you a star. Today Clacton Pier, tomorrow Coney Island".
wicked witch of the east
After shopping for temporary tattoos on the pier, we head to the town centre, and it's like nearly all the other modern town centres we've visited – same shops, same dispirited shoppers, same architecture that can only be described as of the "Exeterian ring road" school, except this time there's added fun – a BNP stall! Plum in the high street, nobody seemed that interested in talking to the racist twats, but nobody was challenging them either. Clacton started to look even less fun.
Lindsey was searching for a teapot. The charity shops weren't very promising, then suddenly we found a shop that sold almost nothing but teapots. Novelty teapots in all shapes and sizes; cottages, gnomes, strawberries, nipple clamps, whatever teapot you could want, they had it. Except they wouldn't sell any to us as the owner was out and hadn't said how much to charge. Oh well. Lindsey did buy a slightly less exciting teapot and a cheese dish (to use as a butter dish) in another shop. And as the helpful lady behind the counter suggested it could also be used as a cake stand or a church collection dish. So that was nice.
Time for food and as Clacton is a destination favoured by Cockneys we decided to go to JD's Pie 'n' Mash. Lipstick on the milk jug, Bobby Moore on the wall. The nice lady serving asked if we wanted gravy or 'liquor' with our food. 'What's liquor?' we asked, so she spooned some out for us to try. It was green, leafy-looking and quite pleasant, so we liberally slopped it over our mash and tucked in. Towards the end of the meal, the lady came over and we got talking to her about the shop and its recipes. "So what exactly is in liquor?" asked Tamsin. "Oh, parsley" the lady answered, "Yes, I thought it tasted like parsley" said Tamsin, "And eel juice" continued the lady, devastatingly. Tamsin has been a vegetarian since she was 12. Lost her boyfriend, ate some eels.
jaywick casino
So that was enough of Clacton; we decided to drive on to have a look at neighbouring Jaywick. And even through a haze of heartbreak and unhappiness, Jaywick is fascinating. A collection of chalets, huts and prefabs, all decorated differently and eccentrically and dumped on a beautiful white beach like a collection of Kinder toys littering a sheepskin rug. Little houses are decorated with leprechauns, mosaics and clocks and come in every colour.
In its individuality and otherness, Jaywick is a bit like Dungeness. But in Dungeness, the residents are called artists, whilst in Jaywick, they are labelled as criminals. Jaywick is one of the most deprived areas in the South East. The pub is called the Never Say Die. Sweet Tina's Curtains, with its "macrame, pelmets, swags and flounces" sells dreams of glamour amidst boarded up casinos. Jaywick has one of the most lovely beaches we've seen so far and is bordered on its other side by green fields. Although a flood-zone, it's a beauty spot. I wonder how long its current residents have left before they're turfed out and the land is sold to develop new 'beachside living' luxury apartments? If it wasn't for the current recession, the clocks on the chalet would all be pointing to midnight.
Finally onto Mersea Island, and the mist is coming down in earnest now. It hovers low over the fields, making eerie shapes, and visibility is poor, but Nhung is still able to spot a semi-deflated heart-shaped balloon lying abandoned in a field. We stop at a pub, the Peladon Rose, for a wee and a pudding. We put on our temporary tattoos in the toilets. Lindsey's goes on well, Nhung's is OK, Tamsin did it wrong and it didn't go on at all. Lost her boyfriend, ate some eels, shit tattoo. We hear a rumour that driving may be difficult as the fog is now very thick and we fleetingly wish we could get stranded here, just like in a book. It is Halloween, what could be more exciting? Maybe we would have an adventure – maybe something that could tear down this net curtain of numbness, push aside the nicotine-yellowed carapace from Tamsin's heart so she can feel alive again. But, the fog clears, we drive home. We listen to Eels.
mersea
Tiger tattoo
Feels like everything
Dark green cheese dish
Paisley print teapot
Dragon and skull tattoos
New career in pottery or murder
Feels like nothing


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text:
Home>Artists>New Boyz> New Boyz Videos
New Boyz Videos
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Legacy (New Boyz) "December 31st " Video
Peep Legacy (New Boyz) "December 31st " Video, the latest visual from Legacy (New Boyz). It dropped on Monday, June 10th, 2013. Legacy (New Boyz)'s odds keep getting better with each new leak, and Legacy (New Boyz) "December 31st " Video will undoubtedly improve his chances of winning. It's a worthy addition to a respectable catalogue that has seen a lot of growth since Legacy (New Boyz) debuted in this game. We're looking forward to the follow-up.
1,279 Views 1 Comment
New Boyz "Foolies" Video
Check out New Boyz "Foolies" Video, the latest video from New Boyz, released on Tuesday, March 27th, 2012. New Boyz's chances in this game are improving with each new release, and New Boyz "Foolies" Video is no exception - quite the opposite, in fact. It's a nice addition to the impressive catalogue New Boyz has been building over the years. We're definitely anticipating the next move.
New Boyz "Foolies [Episode #2] (Japan)" Video
By Rose Lilah
Stream New Boyz "Foolies [Episode #2] (Japan)" Video, the latest video from New Boyz, which dropped on Sunday, March 11th, 2012.
New Boyz "On Stage with Lupe Fiasco" Video
Stream New Boyz "On Stage with Lupe Fiasco" Video, the latest video from New Boyz, which dropped on Monday, November 28th, 2011. New Boyz's odds keep getting better with each new leak, and New Boyz "On Stage with Lupe Fiasco" Video will undoubtedly improve his chances of winning. It's a worthy addition to a respectable catalogue that has seen a lot of growth since New Boyz debuted in this game. We're looking forward to the follow-up.
99 Views 1 Comment
New Boyz "Tim Westwood Freestyle" Video
Watch New Boyz "Tim Westwood Freestyle" Video, the latest video from New Boyz, which dropped on Wednesday, July 13th, 2011. New Boyz's horizons are broadening with each new release, and New Boyz "Tim Westwood Freestyle" Video is no exception. It's a worthy addition to a catalogue that has seen much growth since New Boyz stepped foot in the rap game. We're looking forward to hearing more.
New Boyz Feat. Chris Brown "Better With The Lights Off" Video
Experience New Boyz Feat. Chris Brown "Better With The Lights Off" Video, a new offering from New Boyz, which was released on Thursday, June 16th, 2011. Things are looking better for New Boyz with each new release, which New Boyz Feat. Chris Brown "Better With The Lights Off" Video has proven yet again. It's worthy addition to the impressive body of work New Boyz has been developing over the years. We're looking forward to hearing what's next.
New Boyz Feat. YG "Crush On You" Video
Behold New Boyz Feat. YG "Crush On You" Video, a new offering from New Boyz, which was released on Thursday, April 14th, 2011. New Boyz's rap artistry continues to improve with every release, something which is most definitely evidenced on New Boyz Feat. YG "Crush On You" Video. His ever - expanding catalogue is definitely better for it, and we're looking forward to the next piece of the puzzle - aren't you?
906 Views 10 Comments
New Boyz "Tough Kids" Video
Watch New Boyz "Tough Kids" Video - it's the latest video from New Boyz, having dropped on Thursday, March 17th, 2011. New Boyz's musical situation is improving with every new release, and New Boyz "Tough Kids" Video will most definitely help the cause. It's a fine addition to the growing body of work New Boyz has been developing since stepping foot in the game. We're looking forward to what New Boyz has in store.
New Boyz Feat. Dev (Of The Cataracs) "Backseat" Video
Get a load of New Boyz Feat. Dev (Of The Cataracs) "Backseat" Video, a new visual from New Boyz that saw the light of day on Wednesday, March 9th, 2011. New Boyz's movement grows stronger with each new release, and New Boyz Feat. Dev (Of The Cataracs) "Backseat" Video has further strengthened that fact. It's a solid addition to the commendable body of work New Boyz has been creating since stepping foot in the rap game, and we're definitely looking forward to what New Boyz has on deck.
New Boyz "Behind The Scenes of "Backseat" Video Shoot" Video
Watch New Boyz "Behind The Scenes of "Backseat" Video Shoot" Video - it's the latest video from New Boyz, having dropped on Thursday, March 3rd, 2011. New Boyz's musical situation is improving with every new release, and New Boyz "Behind The Scenes of "Backseat" Video Shoot" Video will most definitely help the cause. It's a fine addition to the growing body of work New Boyz has been developing since stepping foot in the game. We're looking forward to what New Boyz has in store.
Legacy (New Boyz) "Cold Heart" Video
Watch Legacy (New Boyz) "Cold Heart" Video, the latest video from Legacy (New Boyz), which dropped on Tuesday, January 11th, 2011. Legacy (New Boyz)'s horizons are broadening with each new release, and Legacy (New Boyz) "Cold Heart" Video is no exception. It's a worthy addition to a catalogue that has seen much growth since Legacy (New Boyz) stepped foot in the rap game. We're looking forward to hearing more.
New Boyz Feat. Iyaz "Break My Bank" Video
Watch New Boyz Feat. Iyaz "Break My Bank" Video - it's the latest video from New Boyz, having dropped on Tuesday, August 17th, 2010. New Boyz's musical situation is improving with every new release, and New Boyz Feat. Iyaz "Break My Bank" Video will most definitely help the cause. It's a fine addition to the growing body of work New Boyz has been developing since stepping foot in the game. We're looking forward to what New Boyz has in store.


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LORI – INTUITIVE HEALER
LORI – AWARD WINNING AUTHOR
Clients Services Glossary
Privacy Policy and Health and Wellness Disclaimer
The underlying meaning of Christmas rituals may surprise you.
By Lori Morrison
From the day we are born we are immersed in the traditions of holidays. Christmas, of course, has the most impact on us with the anticipation of Santa and all the smells, colors and traditions that swirl around us as children at that time. These traditions get etched into our consciousness and the songs and sounds lift us into memories of the past and the remembering of those who are close and who are no longer with us. Although we have passed down holiday traditions with family, very rarely do we even know where these traditions came from. In this article I want to share the historical perspective of traditions that have become common place and the "real meaning" of why we celebrate the way we do.
So let's start with one my most favorite Christmas characters, the Elf.
Elf: The folklore of the Elf comes from Northern Europe. In our current state, the Elf is a being that exists on another plane of existence. In the old days it was an ally to human beings and was treated with great respect. Elves were known to make footwear. With the coming of Christianity however, Elf's disappeared from the possibility of our current consciousness since they were very linked to pagan beliefs. Their presence however was very pervasive throughout Germanic and Scandinavian mythology. There are many types of elves. Some live in the woods, some live in the mountains and others like to be near rivers. Others prefer a more domestic setting. They have been known to "transport" humans for a quick time warp, that may equate to several years, even though the time may equate to the blink of an eye. Elves can also swap out human children for elvish children and these particular infants are very magical. They are called changelings. Elves also have a dark side. In German the word for nightmares is Albtraum and elves are said to be the culprits for putting these stories into our mind at dreamtime. It is believed that taking magic mushrooms will induce the possibility of seeing an elf or other spirits of nature as they have the ability to dominate the consciousness of these plants. How the Elf got connected to Santa was because of the world renowned author Louisa May Alcott who wrote a book entitled Christmas Elves which she never published. Around the same time, the Godey's Ladies Book a well known magazine, had a front cover illustration for its 1873 Christmas issue showing Santa surrounded by toys and elves with the caption, "Here we have an idea of the preparations that are made to supply the young folks with toys at Christmas time." This was the birth of the image that led to the imagination of Santa working with elves.
Santa Claus: Santa Claus has several names, Old Saint Nick, St. Nicholas, Sinterlkaas, Kris Kringle, Papa Noel and probably many more. The concept describes a magical and generous man that comes bearing gifts at Christmas. Good kids will get gifts and bad kids will get nothing or coal. Perhaps this was devised for a chance at behavioral modification of children throughout the year? Santa must clearly be the master of quantum physics and time collapsing since he visits every house on the planet on one night with a sleigh pulled by a team of reindeer. His latest look became popularized by Coca Cola and a cartoon that appeared in the Harper's Weekly in 1863. Prior to the commercialization, Santa was portrayed as old man winter who would go from door to door, where he would receive food and water wherever he went. Now, he gets cookies and milk and vegetables for the reindeer. His job was to spread the spirit of winter. In the old days, there was also the God Odin who would appear as an old man with a beard. In Old Norse texts, Odin is depicted as one-eyed and long-bearded, frequently wielding a spear and wearing a cloak and a broad hat. He is often accompanied by his animal companions who are wolves and two ravens who bring him information from all over the country. He rides a flying eight-legged horse named Sleipnir across the sky and into the underworld. Children would leave their shoes stuffed with food for Odin's horse Sleipnir and the horse would then refill them with gifts. These customs seemed to have merged with Saturnalia, a festival that was held by Romans around Christmas time. It seems that the effort was to "un-paganize" this character and so he was converted into a saint and called St. Nicholas, a fourth century christian bishop that was born in Turkey and was well known for his generosity. Many images in Europe still portray St. Nick with a robe and a hat like a bishop. Santa's choice of reindeer is especially appropriate since they are conductors of spirits between the dimensions. Reindeer love the red and white agaric mushrooms which are hallucinogenic and therefore can help them fly! The symbol of Santa has even been integrated into other religions, in fact in India, Santa is a genie dressed in red and white and rides a flying carpet.
Holly: Holly is a very common image at Christmas time. It symbolizes eternal life and immortality. Its red berries stand for life and vitality. The custom of bringing holly into the home came from the idea that its prickly leaves would protect the fairies, who would come inside during the cold months. Romans also brought holly into their homes to guard the house from negative influences. The name Holly came from a Goddess named Hole, who was considered the mother of all unborn children and was responsible for giving them their names. Holly was seen as very sacred and was given the name "Holy Tree". Pagans had a Holly King who was a giant man made from holly that carried a holly club in his hand. He was the guardian of the midwinter solstice. In Norse mythology, holly was associated with Thor, god of thunder, and holly plants grown by the home were thought to prevent lightning strikes. In pagan times, holly was thought to be a male plant and ivy a female plant. It was considered unlucky to bring holly into the house before Christmas Eve. It is also a symbol of the mixture of paganism and christianity in meaning. The prickly leaves of holly were considered phallic symbols of fertility. For a period, ivy was banished as decor by Christians due to its ability to grow in shade, which led to its association with secrecy and debauchery. Nevertheless, the custom of decorating with holly and ivy during Christian holidays was eventually accepted and Christianity changed the meaning of the leaves to the crown of thorns worn by Jesus and the berries, represented his blood.
Frankincense and Myrrh: Myrrh is a very small tree that grows in the deserts of Africa. The resin was used by ancient Egyptians for embalming. It is one of the gifts along with gold and frankincense that the three wise men brought to Christ. At that time myrrh was worth more than gold and had five times the value of Frankincense. It is a symbol of purity and cleansing and much valued for it medicinal qualities and ability to disinfect wounds. Myrrh appears with more frequency than any other plant substance in the writings of the Greek physician Hippocrates, who revolutionized the field of medicine in the fourth and third centuries B.C., It is the dried sap of trees called boswellia. These trees grow in Oman, Yemen, the Horn of Africa, Somalia and Ethiopia. Frankincense and Myrrh were components of the holy incense ritually burned in Jerusalem's sacred temples during ancient times. Although banned for awhile, Christianity picked up the tradition again and started to burn incense in their church services.
Pine Trees: They are the symbol of immortality and longevity. It is also a deterrent to corruption since it is unaffected by storms and bad weather. In the Taoist religions immortal souls would eat the cones, needles and resin of the pine which would convert them into light bodies, able to fly. The needles and sap are medicine that protects people from illnesses, witchcraft, and more. In many Southwest tribes, the pine tree is one of the tribal clans and is even regarded as a sacred tree by a few tribes. In Northern Europe, pine trees (or firs) were decorated a the end of the year to celebrate the birth of Frey, the Norse god of the sun and fertility. The tops of the trees were lit because in winter as the days were shorter, the people believed that doing so they would attract the sun. This is the origin of the Christmas tree. The first Christmas trees were used in Germany in the seventeenth century. These firs trees, or Tannenbaum were placed indoors and adorned with apples and candles. The apples symbolized the fruit of the tree of paradise and the light (birth) of Jesus Christ. This is the origin of today's balls and Christmas lights! When Prince Albert, the consort of Queen Victoria brought a tree into the castle, the custom really exploded. Of course purist Christians allowed it by turning the tree into a symbol of the cross or the "tree" that Christ died on.
December 25th: This was the day of the celebration of the sun god, Attis. He was revered everywhere and was said to have been from Turkey. Then, a new God was born to an impoverished virgin mother on the same birthday as Attis. He preached the ideas of eternal life and brotherhood and his teachings were very popular among roman soldiers. So was this God christ? No, it was Mithras.
Mithra has the following in common with the Jesus character:
Mithra was born on December 25th of the virgin Anahita.
The babe was wrapped in swaddling clothes, placed in a manger and attended by shepherds.
He was later considered a great traveling teacher and master.
He had 12 companions or "disciples."
He performed miracles.
As the "great bull of the Sun," Mithra sacrificed himself for world peace.
He ascended to heaven.
Mithra was viewed as the Good Shepherd, the "Way, the Truth and the Light," the Redeemer, the Savior, the Messiah.
Mithra is omniscient, as he "hears all, sees all, knows all: none can deceive him."
He was identified with both the Lion and the Lamb.
His sacred day was Sunday, "the Lord's Day," hundreds of years before the appearance of Christ.
His religion had a eucharist or "Lord's Supper."
Mithra "sets his marks on the foreheads of his soldiers."
Mithraism emphasized baptism.
Mithra although now relatively unknown still has a temple named for him in England and In Mithraism, the 25th of December was celebrated as "The birthday of the unconquered sun" which is now "Christs" "Mass". Although it seems to be a very Christian holiday, because of Mithra many aspects of the story are celebrated all over the world.
The only difference in the dates may be that the old calendars celebrated this day on January 6th, whereas the Gregorian calendar has a 14 day difference and ends up being the 25th of December. Prior to Christianity, it was called the festival Geol which became the name Yule. Many of the customs still remain from this festival such as the log shaped yule log cake which depicts the tradition of finding a huge tree from the ground that was dragged to a large fireplace and kept burning for the duration of the festivities as a reminder of the sun in the darkness of winter. Astronomers have calculated that Christmas should be in June, by charting the appearance of the 'Christmas star' which the Bible says led the three Wise Men to Jesus. They found that a bright star which appeared over Bethlehem 2,000 years ago pinpointed the date of Christ's birth as June 17 rather than December 25
As time passed and during the period of reformation, Christmas was actually banned in 1647. A revival of the Christmas idea is credited to Charles Dickens, whose story a Christmas carol brought a message of goodwill and a time for families to be together. Pagan messages are subtlety interwoven into what is now the birthday of Jesus since it was the Christians that hijacked this celebration with Christian meanings.
Mistletoe: It is a pagan symbol of overt sexuality as the berries are seen to be semen and holds the tradition of kissing underneath it. Even to this day, mistletoe is banned in some churches.
Poinsettia: These bright red flowers were known in Latin countries as the 'Flores de Noche Buena', or 'Flowers of the Holy Night'. The shape of the poinsettia flower and leaves are thought as a symbol of the Star of Bethlehem which led the Wise Men to Jesus. The plant was cultivated and valued by the Aztecs and Mayans well before the arrival of Europeans. Aztec people used the plant to produce red dye and Aztecs called poinsettia cuetlaxochitl (brilliant flower) and the Mayans referred to it as k'alul wits (ember flower). Traditionally Poinsettia leaves are used to increase the flow of mother's milk and to relieve swollen breasts. The number 9 is an auspicious number in Mayan communities and it's said that if you braid 9 wild poinsettia plants in a necklace and wear for 3 days, the necklace will relieve body pain.
The twelve days of Christmas: In the Middle Ages, it was commonplace for workers to relax and celebrate Christ's birth with masses stretched over almost two weeks. It was established later that the period between Christ's nativity on December 25thand the Epiphany on January 6th should be the main celebratory days of the Christ Mass celebrations. Sp why was the period so long when Christ's birth related to only one day? The reason was simple. From mid-December to early January the Roman calendar was jam-packed with midwinter festivals. Most famous of all was the Saturnalia, which started on December 17 and lasted for a week. Then there was the winter solstice on December 21stand celebrations carried on into January, with January 7th dedicated to Janus, the god of beginnings and endings. Many people continued to celebrate these pagan festivals as the Christian era began. So the Church felt it was necessary to Christianize the festivities by absorbing them into the Christmas celebrations and combining them into 12 days.
Christmas Feasting: During Advent and up until Christmas Eve, Christians would fast as they prepared for the nativity. However, once Christmas day arrived, they made up for frugality with indulgence and excess. By the Middle Ages, it was customary to enjoy a surplus of food and drink and riotous entertainment. Dancing was a favorite pastime as well as all-around rowdy behavior. Many justified this excess by claiming they were celebrating Christ's birthday in high style. However, this behavior was no medieval degeneration, for it is clear that that partying and pleasure were a part of even the earliest Christmas. Early Christian leaders were warning against too much pleasure during Christmas as early as the fourth century AD. In 389AD, St Gregory Nazianzen, one of the four fathers of the Greek Church criticized customs of 'feasting in excess" and "dancing" at Christmas. This criticism arose because these festive excesses were hangovers from the pagan midwinter festivals like Saturnalia when celebrants suspended normal life and pleasure ruled.
Christmas Carols: Today we think of carols as songs of spiritual joy celebrating Christ's birth, sung by groups of carol singers or church choirs. However, the original carols had nothing to do with the birth of Christ. Indeed, Christmas hymns weren't part of Christmas church services until the thirteenth century and many of the familiar carols sung today were written in the nineteenth century to revive the caroling tradition. In the middle ages groups of people sang carols while going from door to door, much as they do until recently, however these medieval songs were a country tradition and firmly pagan in origin. The origins of carols is because of agricultural superstition. Performed during the summer and at harvest time as well as midwinter, country people sang them as they went about the village, offering good wishes and blessings on individual households in return for food and drink. Often at midwinter, the carolers provided a bowl full of ale in addition to their songs and blessings. Alternatively, carolers sang as they passed through the fields. Whether they sang at households or two the crops, the intention was the same: to drive away evil spirits with their singing.
Decking the Halls with Greenery was a Sign of Life during the Dead of Winter.
Christmas decorations: Now day Christmas decorations take the form of tinsel, baubles or a variety of other artificial formats. However, the original Christmas decorations consisted of winter greenery and once again postdated the birth of Christ "Crowning the doors', a reference to the practice of hanging evergreen vegetation around entrances was another pre-Christian custom. Across Europe, from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean it was customary to 'deck the halls' with the boughs of any trees or plants with any semblance of life and color during midwinter. It was a custom that endured in northern Europe well into the early modern period and beyond. In ancient Rome, December was the time when people decked temples with new foliage- particularly at the time of the month's festivals. At Saturnalia and Brumalia, they wreathed their homes and public buildings with vines in honor of Bacchus as well. For the ancient Egyptians, such greenery was not readily at hand, so they used palm leaves, a symbol of resurrection and rebirth as a midwinter decoration. The purpose of these evergreen decorations was to remind partygoers that even in the darkest months there was life- and to ward off evil.
So, although we embrace all of these traditions as "Christian", most are not and we must thank the old pagan traditions for much of what we do at Christmas time.
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Acquires chapel from Service Corp. International; will run it as a nonprofit
edited Emily DeNitto
BUYING TIDE EBBS in HAMPTONS
Wall Street's slowdown is being felt out on the East End.
Despite receiving huge year-end bonus payments for 2000, investment bankers have been reluctant to spend their dough for fear that the falling stock market will mean that this year, they will get less booty. Hamptons brokers say that has translated into a slower market for summer real estate.
"Usually there is a flood of new buyers starting in September, and this year, the fall rush just wasn't there," says Judi Desiderio, vice president of East End brokerage Cook Pony Farm. "The last couple of years, we never slowed down."
In the fourth quarter, the total number of Hamptons home sales fell nearly 20%, to 556 from 661 in the year-ago quarter, according to research from Cook Pony Farm. And that is beginning to affect prices. In 2000, the average sales price of a Hamptons house rose nearly 45% to $670,000. Now, sale prices are stabilizing, says Ms. Desiderio.
NONSTORM BURIES RESTAURANTS
The storm that wasn't nevertheless packed a wallop for city restaurants last week.
"We got crushed in our a la carte business," says Glenn Vogt, general manager of Windows on the World, where only 50 of 250 expected diners showed up and six groups postponed parties.
Lotus, the white-hot supper club on West 14th Street, shut down for dinner Monday because the chef couldn't get all his supplies. Guastavino's, the cavernous eatery under the 59th Street Bridge, decided to postpone its first anniversary party Monday because guests were canceling, and co-owner Sir Terence Conran couldn't get a flight from London in time.
Restaurateur Pino Luongo says business at his Le Madri in Chelsea was off by 75%. Nick Livanos, an owner of Molyvos and Oceana in midtown, says several parties canceled, but that one group, from Morgan Stanley Dean Witter & Co., actually booked a party on Monday and showed up.
Later in the week, Mr. Livanos says, customers were spending more than usual on liquor. "Everyone was ordering bottles of wine," he says. "People in New York can't stand to stay home more than one day. They have to get out."
HOTELS' KEY CHANGES
Manfred Timmel, an experienced hand at opening top-tier hotels in the city, has left downtown's fancy newcomer, the Regent Wall Street, for an even newer high-end property-the Ritz-Carlton Downtown New York, which is slated to open in September in Battery Park City.
His appointment as general manager is having a domino effect. Last week, Christopher Knable, formerly general manager of the upscale Regency on Park Avenue, took over Mr. Timmel's post at the Regent Wall Street.
At the Regency, he's being replaced by Stuart Schwartz, a longtime employee of parent company Loews Hotels, who was most recently managing director for Loews' House of Blues Hotel in Chicago.
Finding the right executives is crucial, given the jittery economy and a dip in the city's hotel business. Fancy furniture and luxury soaps aren't enough to attract high-paying customers, Mr. Knable says. "It's all about creating a feeling for the guest. You have to make an emotional connection."
RAISING VOICES FOR CHOICE
The Women's Campaign Fund, a political action committee that provides money and training to pro-choice female candidates, says it expects to raise $250,000-one-third more than normal-at its annual fund-raising dinner parties in New York tonight.
Officials say the election of President George W. Bush and the appointment of Attorney General John Ashcroft, both of whom are pro-life, has boosted interest in the fund's efforts. "There is much more empathy right now for the pro-choice cause, given the past presidential election," says Fabianne Gershon, a fund board member.
The $350-per-person fund-raiser features a reception at Guastavino's, followed by dinners at 20 parties around Manhattan. Among the party hosts will be developer Stephen Ross, investment banker Marshall Cogan, designer Yue-Sai Kan and Marnie Pillsbury, assistant to David Rockefeller.
SCHMOOZING ON THE SYLLABUS
With so much of philanthropic giving handled through business connections or arranged at exclusive cocktail parties, fund-raising has often been considered nothing more than high-level schmoozing.
But Naomi Levine, New York University's senior vice president of development, seeks to make a full-fledged profession out of convincing people to whip out their checkbooks for a cause. Under her direction, NYU next month will offer a series of intensive courses in fund-raising and philanthropy.
"There is an abundance of well-paying development jobs waiting to be filled, yet there is a dearth of qualified applicants," says Ms. Levine, nearly 80 and known by some as the $2 billion woman. "This is a profession and should be viewed as such."
Sponsored Content: Lessons learned: navigating financial assistance in a crisis


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Home Europe
Swiss President Wants a Vote to Clarify Country's EU Position
Switzerland's President Doris Leuthard speaks during a news conference in Tbilisi, Georgia, December 4, 2017. REUTERS/David Mdzinarishvili
By John Revill
ZURICH (Reuters)
A referendum in Switzerland to clarify the country's relationship with the European Union would be helpful, Swiss President Doris Leuthard said on Sunday, after ties between the two sides cooled this week
Switzerland's frictions with the EU, of which it is not a member, arise as Britain negotiates its withdrawal from the bloc following a referendum in June last year and seeks a new trading relationship with its closest neighbours.
Talks on securing a new "framework" treaty to govern the Swiss-EU relationship have been underway for some time, with Brussels wanting to replace the more than 100 bilateral accords which regulate its relationship with Bern.
But relations soured this week when the EU granted Swiss stock exchanges only limited access to the bloc, prompting Swiss threats of retaliation for what it called discrimination.
"The bilateral path is important," Leuthard told Swiss newspapers Sonntags Blick. "We therefore have to clarify our relationship with Europe. We have to know in which direction to go.
"Therefore a fundamental referendum would be helpful."
Talks on the an all-encompassing agreement made headway last month after Switzerland agreed to increase its contribution to the EU's budget.
Such a deal would ensure Switzerland adopts relevant EU laws in return for enhanced access to the bloc's single market, crucial for Swiss exports.
But a deal would be opposed by the anti-EU Swiss People's Party (SVP), currently the biggest group in parliament
Leuthard, who steps down as president at the end of the year, said the latest row had not overshadowed her year in the rotating office.
"Of course, the differences with Brussels are now in focus. Here our attitude is clear – for the EU to link such a technical thing like stock exchange equivalency with a political question like the framework treaty, that is not possible,"
She said some countries were putting Switzerland in the same category as Britain, while others wanted to strengthen their own financial centres at Switzerland's expense.
YouTube (News 2U):
"Others think we are cherry pickers who benefit too much from the single European market, they want to increase pressure for a framework agreement," Leuthard said.
Pressure from outside would did not contribute to a beneficial climate in Switzerland over a potential agreement, she said.
She said she understood Swiss scepticism towards the EU, but there was no alternative to finding an accommodation with the bloc which generates around two thirds of Swiss trade.
"We can strengthen the cooperation with India and China, but the EU remains central. We need a mechanism and regulated relationship with the EU, that would also prevent political games like we are having at the moment," Leuthard said.
(Reporting by John Revill; editing by Ralph Boulton)


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I read this article and found it very interesting, thought it might be something for you. The article is called This Week in Small Business — Social Media & What Customers Want and is located at https://www.rocketlawyer.com/blog/this-week-in-small-business-social-media-what-your-customers-want-95595.
This Week in Small Business — Social Media & What Customers Want
Business, Lawyers / Justin Tenuto / 24 Feb 2012
Last week, we took a look at some business news from across the web. It was a potpourri of stories, ranging from magic shops to trademarking your baby's name. This week? We're going to get a little more focused.
From Twitter ads to figuring out what your customers want before they know they want, these are our favorite small business stories from the past seven days.
Twitter Opens Up Self-Serve Ad Platform to 10,000 Small Businesses
Once maligned as yet another social media platform for the short attention span era, Twitter has ballooned into a near-necessity for countless small businesses. Recently, the micro-blogging platform announced a "self-serve" ad platform that will let small businesses bid on specific terms and advertise to specific users. An example? Say you owned a burger joint in Peoria. Your business could bid on phrases like "Where's the best burger in Peoria?" or "Peoria hamburger" and target Twitter users who used those phrases. The program starting small now, but expect to hear more about it later this year.
Gamestop to J.C. Penney Shut Facebook Stores
On the flip side of the coin, big companies are shuttering their Facebook storefronts after disappointing sales on the world's biggest social network. Why? It just didn't seem like people were buying. As one analyst said: "There was a lot of anticipation that Facebook would turn into a new destination, a store, a place where people would shop. But it was like trying to sell stuff to people while they're hanging out with their friends at the bar."
Three Ways to Predict What Consumers Want Before They Know It
Filled with anecdotes and insights for businesses of all sizes, this short Fast Company article was one of our favorites this week. By looking at three companies who innovated in, well, innovative ways, Scott Anthony shares a few tips that could just help your business find new customers, new opportunities, or maximize the ones in front of you today. It's a good reminder to keep thinking creatively and to keep out of the ruts even the best businesses find themselves in from time to time.
How Companies Learn Your Secrets
You often hear that single males, age 18-45 are the key demographic for the advertising industry. For retailers? It's new parents, and, even more specifically, mothers in their second trimester. In this piece, the New York times takes us into the world of statisticians, market research, and behavioral research. The thinking is: the more you understand your customers, the better able you are to give them what they want. Even if, as we learned in our previous piece, they aren't quite sure what it is that they want in the first place.
The Coupon Comeback
My grandma buys the Sunday paper for two reasons and two reasons alone: the extra big crossword and the hundreds and hundreds of coupons. If she had a computer, I'm sure half her emails would be from Groupon. This article, which is really more of an infographic, shows the remarkable resurgence of the coupon and expels some common myths. Find out who uses coupons, the staggering amount Americans saved as a whole, and start thinking if your business could benefit from a few offers to your more frugal neighbors.


text:
package org.apache.ambari.server.utils;

import com.google.inject.AbstractModule;
import com.google.inject.Guice;
import com.google.inject.Inject;
import com.google.inject.Injector;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.apache.ambari.server.configuration.Configuration;
import org.apache.ambari.server.security.CertGenerationTest;
import org.apache.ambari.server.security.CertificateManager;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang.RandomStringUtils;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.rules.TemporaryFolder;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Random;

public class TestShellCommandUtil extends TestCase {

  public TemporaryFolder temp = new TemporaryFolder();

  protected Constructor<Configuration> getConfigurationConstructor() {
    try {
      return Configuration.class.getConstructor(Properties.class);
    } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
      throw new RuntimeException(
          "Expected constructor not found in Configuration.java", e);
    }
  }

  @Before
  public void setUp() throws IOException {
    try {
      temp.create();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }

  @After
  public void tearDown() throws IOException {
    temp.delete();
  }

  @Test
  public void testOSDetection() throws Exception {
    // At least check, that only one OS is selected
    assertTrue(ShellCommandUtil.LINUX ^ ShellCommandUtil.WINDOWS
            ^ ShellCommandUtil.MAC);
    assertTrue(ShellCommandUtil.LINUX || ShellCommandUtil.MAC ==
            ShellCommandUtil.UNIX_LIKE);
  }

  @Test
  public void testUnixFilePermissions() throws Exception {
    File dummyFile = new File(temp.getRoot() + File.separator + "dummy");
    new FileOutputStream(dummyFile).close();
    if (ShellCommandUtil.LINUX) {
      ShellCommandUtil.setUnixFilePermissions("600",
              dummyFile.getAbsolutePath());
      String p = ShellCommandUtil.getUnixFilePermissions(
              dummyFile.getAbsolutePath());
      assertEquals("600", p);

      ShellCommandUtil.setUnixFilePermissions("444",
              dummyFile.getAbsolutePath());
      p = ShellCommandUtil.getUnixFilePermissions(
              dummyFile.getAbsolutePath());
      assertEquals("444", p);

      ShellCommandUtil.setUnixFilePermissions("777",
              dummyFile.getAbsolutePath());
      p = ShellCommandUtil.getUnixFilePermissions(
              dummyFile.getAbsolutePath());
      assertEquals("777", p);

    } else {
      // Next command is silently ignored, it's OK
      ShellCommandUtil.setUnixFilePermissions(ShellCommandUtil.MASK_OWNER_ONLY_RW,
              dummyFile.getAbsolutePath());
      // On Windows/Mac, output is always MASK_EVERYBODY_RWX
      String p = ShellCommandUtil.getUnixFilePermissions(
              dummyFile.getAbsolutePath());
      assertEquals(p, ShellCommandUtil.MASK_EVERYBODY_RWX);
    }
  }

  @Test
  public void testRunCommand() throws Exception {
    ShellCommandUtil.Result result = null;
    if (ShellCommandUtil.LINUX) {
      result = ShellCommandUtil.
              runCommand(new String [] {"echo", "dummy"});
      assertEquals(0, result.getExitCode());
      assertEquals("dummy\n", result.getStdout());
      assertEquals("", result.getStderr());
      assertTrue(result.isSuccessful());

      result = ShellCommandUtil.
              runCommand(new String [] {"false"});
      assertEquals(1, result.getExitCode());
      assertFalse(result.isSuccessful());
    } else {
      // Skipping this test under Windows/Mac
    }
  }

  @Test
  public void testHideOpenSslPassword(){
    String command = "openssl ca -config ca.config -in agent_hostname1.csr -out "+
            "agent_hostname1.crt -batch -passin pass:1234 -keyfile ca.key -cert ca.crt";

    assertFalse(ShellCommandUtil.hideOpenSslPassword(command).contains("1234"));
  }

}