text:
Q: How to close a file? I felt at peace with Posix after many years of experience.
Then I read this message from Linus Torvalds, circa 2002:

int ret;
do {
    ret = close(fd);
} while(ret == -1 && errno != EBADF);

NO.
The above is

(a) not portable
(b) not current practice

The "not portable" part comes from the fact that (as somebody pointed
  out), a threaded environment in which the kernel does close the FD
  on errors, the FD may have been validly re-used (by the kernel) for
  some other thread, and closing the FD a second time is a BUG.

Not only is looping until EBADF unportable, but any loop is, due to a race condition that I probably would have noticed if I hadn't "made peace" by taking such things for granted.
However, in the GCC C++ standard library implementation, basic_file_stdio.cc, we have
    do
      __err = fclose(_M_cfile);
    while (__err && errno == EINTR);

The primary target for this library is Linux, but it seems not to be heeding Linus.
As far as I've come to understand, EINTR happens only after a system call blocks, which implies that the kernel received the request to free the descriptor before commencing whatever work got interrupted. So there's no need to loop. Indeed, the SA_RESTART signal behavior does not apply to close and generate such a loop by default, precisely because it is unsafe.
This is a standard library bug then, right? On every file ever closed by a C++ application.
EDIT: To avoid causing too much alarm before some guru comes along with an answer, I should note that close only seems to be allowed to block under specific circumstances, perhaps none of which ever apply to regular files. I'm not clear on all the details, but you should not see EINTR from close without opting into something by fcntl or setsockopt. Nevertheless the possibility makes generic library code more dangerous.

A: With respect to POSIX, R..'s answer to a related question is very clear and concise: close() is a non-restartable special case, and no loop should be used.
This was surprising to me, so I decided to describe my findings, followed by my conclusions and chosen solution at end.
This is not really an answer. Consider this more like the opinion of a fellow programmer, including the reasoning behind that opinion.

POSIX.1-2001 and POSIX.1-2008 describe three possible errno values that may occur: EBADF, EINTR, and EIO. The descriptor state after EINTR and EIO is "unspecified", which means it may or may not have been closed. EBADF indicates fd is not a valid descriptor. In other words, POSIX.1 clearly recommends using
    if (close(fd) == -1) {
        /* An error occurred, see 'errno'. */
    }

without any retry looping to close file descriptors.
(Even the Austin Group defect #519 R.. mentioned, does not help with recovering from close() errors: it leaves it unspecified whether any I/O is possible after an EINTR error, even if the descriptor itself is left open.)

For Linux, the close() syscall is defined in fs/open.c, with __do_close() in fs/file.c managing the descriptor table locking, and filp_close() back in fs/open.c taking care of the details.
In summary, the descriptor entry is removed from the table unconditionally first, followed by filesystem-specific flushing (f_op->flush()), followed by notification (dnotify/fsnotify hook), and finally by removing any record or file locks. (Most local filesystems like ext2, ext3, ext4, xfs, bfs, tmpfs, and so on, do not have ->flush(), so given a valid descriptor, close() cannot fail. Only ecryptfs, exofs, fuse, cifs, and nfs have ->flush() handlers in Linux-3.13.6, as far as I can tell.)
This does mean that in Linux, if a write error occurs in the filesystem-specific ->flush() handler during close(), there is no way to retry; the file descriptor is always closed, just like Torvalds said.
The FreeBSD close() man page describes the exact same behaviour.
Neither the OpenBSD nor the Mac OS X close() man pages describe whether the descriptor is closed in case of errors, but I believe they share the FreeBSD behaviour.

It seems clear to me that no loop is necessary or required to close a file descriptor safely. However, close() may still return an error.
errno == EBADF indicates the file descriptor was already closed. If my code encounters this unexpectedly, to me it indicates there is a significant fault in the code logic, and the process should gracefully exit; I'd rather my processes die than produce garbage.
Any other errno values indicate an error in finalizing the file state. In Linux, it is definitely an error related to flushing any remaining data to the actual storage. In particular, I can imagine ENOMEM in case there is no room to buffer the data, EIO if the data could not be sent or written to the actual device or media, EPIPE if connection to the storage was lost, ENOSPC if the storage is already full with no reservation to the unflushed data, and so on. If the file is a log file, I'd have the process report the failure and exit gracefully. If the file contents are still available in memory, I would remove (unlink) the entire file, and retry. Otherwise I'd report the failure to the user.
(Remember that in Linux and FreeBSD, you do not "leak" file descriptors in the error case; they are guaranteed to be closed even if an error occurs. I am assuming all other operating systems I might use behave the same way.)
The helper function I'll use from now on will be something like
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>

/**
 * closefd - close file descriptor and return error (errno) code
 *
 * @descriptor: file descriptor to close
 *
 * Actual errno will stay unmodified.
*/
static int closefd(const int descriptor)
{
    int saved_errno, result;

    if (descriptor == -1)
        return EBADF;

    saved_errno = errno;

    result = close(descriptor);
    if (result == -1)
        result = errno;

    errno = saved_errno;
    return result;
}

I know the above is safe on Linux and FreeBSD, and I assume it is safe on all other POSIX-y systems. If I encounter one that is not, I can simply replace the above with a custom version, wrapping it in a suitable #ifdef for that OS. The reason this maintains errno unchanged is just a quirk of my coding style; it makes short-circuiting error paths shorter (less repeated code).
If I am closing a file that contains important user information, I will do a fsync() or fdatasync() on it prior to closing. This ensures the data hits the storage, but also causes a delay compared to normal operation; therefore I won't do it for ordinary data files.
Unless I will be unlink()ing the closed file, I will check closefd() return value, and act accordingly. If I can easily retry, I will, but at most once or twice. For log files and generated/streamed files, I only warn the user.
I want to remind anyone reading this far that we cannot make anything completely reliable; it is just not possible. What we can do, and in my opinion should do, is to detect when an error occurs, as reliably as we can. If we can easily and with neglible resource use retry, we should. In all cases, we should make sure the notification (about the error) is propagated to the actual human user. Let the human worry about whether some other action, possibly complex, needs to be done before the operation is retried. After all, a lot of tools are used only as a part of a larger task, and the best course of action usually depends on that larger task.


The Greater Houston area is projected to create 71,000 jobs in 2019, according to the Greater Houston Partnership's annual Houston Employment Forecast released Dec. 5.
Once again health care is expected to be the top job-producing sector in the metro, with 9,000 projected new jobs to be created compared to the 8,000 jobs projected in 2018. Assuming population growth, the Houston region has about 100,000 births annually, according to the GHP. This, combined with Houston's senior population increasing by 30,000 each year, is expected to create continued demand for health care in the region.
However, construction jobs are expected to make the largest gain over last year. In 2018 the construction industry was projected to lose 4,500 jobs. This year it is the second-largest growing sector and is projected to see 8,900 new jobs as construction activity picks up. According to the report, projects including the passage of Harris County's $2.5 billion bond for flood projects, Texas Central's high-speed rail, and multibillion plants to be built in Channelview and Baytown could account for some of the new jobs created.
Other top sectors include administrative support, waste management, technical services, manufacturing, restaurants and retail. The energy sector, now classified as oil and gas, is projected to see 1,900 new jobs after relatively little job creation last year. The Houston region lost more than 86,000 jobs since the oil and gas downturn in 2014 but has only regained about 24,400. In the years since GHP officials said Houston survived the downturn by creating jobs elsewhere.
Team may want to do some more research. Texas Central High Speed Rail will never break ground. The FRA has already pushed the record of decision out to March 2020 and even that doesn't grant them with eminent domain rights. If ever built, it will cost jobs when Texas is forced to subsidize. Let's not turn Texas into California.


Generally, Outlook users encounter various issues from time to time. Duplicate items are one such common issue which may lead to severe problems. In this article, we'll find out the common reasons for duplicate emails in Outlook and how to prevent them. Also, we'll learn how to remove duplicates from the Outlook PST files in the most effortless way possible.
Duplicate emails in Outlook can surely affect the performance and productivity of mailbox. Also, it may cause error messages sometimes.
All the messages stored on the server get reloaded whenever Outlook starts. This action can affect the performance of the computer system.
Having duplicate emails in Outlook increases the size of the PST file. Keep in mind that PST file has a definite size limit. And whenever it reaches or crosses the size limitation, it becomes highly prone to corruption.
Duplicate items can be a major problem for those users who have to deal with numerous email messages every day and reply to each message.
Have you ever noticed duplicate emails in Outlook mailbox? You must be wondering where they've come from or how they've generated.
In the Outlook mailbox, a duplicate item can be anything like an email, contact, calendar, task, note, etc. Many times Outlook users complain about the duplicate items in the mailbox, especially the emails. Suppose you look in your Inbox folder, and you find it filled with duplicates upon duplicates of email messages, i.e. all having the same subject, timestamp, etc. Ain't it annoying?
The situation of having duplicate emails in Outlook can cause a real nuisance at times. You have to search or diagnose the real source of the duplicate items. Then you need to find a fix for it. And finally, you need to clean up your Inbox. Or you can simply leave the duplicate items just like that, and get on with work. But keep in mind that those duplicate items will take up space in the Outlook mailbox. And one day, the Outlook data file will reach its maximum size or maybe cross it. This will definitely slow down the Outlook client and degrade the performance. And sometimes it may lead to more complex issues like corruption.
Outlook users might also be interested in How to Deal with an Oversized PST File?
Rule 1: Move emails from contact A to folder B.
Rule 2: Move emails containing xyz in the subject line to folder C.
Let's suppose you receive an email from contact A that contains xyz in the subject line. Consequently, due to the rules, you get the same email in both B and C folders. You need to resolve this issue by changing the rules appropriately.
Reason #2: Suppose something goes wrong after you synchronize your Outlook profile with any other application or device. And due to this, the last batch of emails is present twice on your computer. In order to fix this issue, you need to delete the duplicates manually from the mailbox.
Reason #3: Maybe an email is corrupt on the server, and thus a duplicate is generated when Outlook starts the Send/Receive operation. You need to fix this issue by logging into the email server and deleting the corrupt email that's creating the duplicates.
Reason #4: Outlook generates duplicates on each Send/Receive operation if the "Leave a copy of the messages on the server" box is checked on your account settings. In order to fix this issue, you can simply uncheck this option under Account Settings > More Settings > Advanced.
Reason #5: If you subscribe to a mailing list multiple times, you're likely to have duplicate emails in Outlook mailbox. You can simply unsubscribe this service or contact the person that sends you the same emails again and again.
How to Remove Duplicate Items?
You must delete or remove duplicate items so that you can prevent severe issues. Generally, there are two ways to remove duplicate emails and other items: either manually or by using a professional solution. In the manual method, you need to select the duplicate entries and delete them in the Outlook manually. If you have a large number of duplicate items in the Outlook mailbox, it's a matter of deep concern. Deleting or removing them manually will definitely involve a lot of time and effort. In such a situation, you should use a professional solution to make this task easy and effortless.
The Outlook Duplicate Remover provided by Shoviv Software is an award-winning solution to remove duplicate items from Outlook PST files. It's a powerful utility that can search the duplicate emails in Outlook and successfully remove them to make Outlook more productive. Additionally, this software can remove duplicate items from contacts, notes, tasks, journal, and calendar items in the Outlook mailbox. Being a safe solution, it only removes the duplicate items. It doesn't cause any alteration to the original PST files and keeps them intact. Instead, it creates new PST files and saves all the mailbox data excluding the duplicate items.
Shoviv Outlook Duplicate Remover tool can supports both ANSI and Unicode PST files created by all major versions of Microsoft Outlook including the latest 2016. For free evaluation purpose, the software is available with the demo version. You can download the free demo version before purchasing the software. By using the demo version, you can save first 25 email items from each mailbox folder of the selected PST files into new PST files.
Duplicate emails in Outlook are one of the most common issues faced by Outlook users. It not only affects the Outlook performance and productivity but also the mailbox functionality. Therefore, it's really important to remove duplicate items by using a solution recommended by professionals. In this article, we've discussed the harmful effects of duplicate emails in Outlook. Also, we've discussed the most common reasons for duplicate items and their fixes. Keep in mind that duplicate items are unnecessary. There's no need to keep them in the Outlook mailbox. Use the smart Outlook Duplicate Remover tool to remove duplicate items from PST files.


text:
CAMPUSSPORTS Writer
Caleb Bailey
Caleb is a young veteran of the sports journalism world that has a passion for college football, mostly the SEC, but namely the LSU Tigers. He also has an affinity for the Georgia Southern Eagles, because who doesn't love Erk Russell and national championships, right? He has experience working in print and online media as well as broadcasting, working with his high school alma mater football team and the Savannah Bananas.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
#include "container/unorderedContiguousSet.h"

#include "engineTest.h"

namespace
{
    TEST(UnorderedContiguousSet, SanityCheck)
    {
        UnorderedContiguousSet< U8 > f;
        EXPECT_EQ(0u, f.Size());
    }

    TEST(UnorderedContiguousSet, Insert)
    {
        UnorderedContiguousSet< U8 > f;
        EXPECT_EQ(0u, f.Size());
        EXPECT_TRUE(f.Insert(2));
        EXPECT_TRUE(f.Insert(4));
        EXPECT_TRUE(f.Has(2));
        EXPECT_FALSE(f.Has(3));
        EXPECT_EQ(2u, f.Size());
    }

    TEST(UnorderedContiguousSet, InsertDouble)
    {
        UnorderedContiguousSet< U8 > f;
        EXPECT_EQ(0u, f.Size());
        EXPECT_TRUE(f.Insert(2));
        EXPECT_FALSE(f.Insert(2));
        EXPECT_TRUE(f.Has(2));
        EXPECT_EQ(1u, f.Size());
    }

    TEST(UnorderedContiguousSet, GetValues)
    {
        UnorderedContiguousSet< U8 > f;
        EXPECT_EQ(0u, f.Size());
        EXPECT_TRUE(f.Insert(2));
        EXPECT_TRUE(f.Insert(4));
        auto matcher = ::testing::UnorderedElementsAre< U8, U8 >(2u, 4u);
        EXPECT_THAT(f.GetValues(), matcher);
    }

    TEST(UnorderedContiguousSet, GetValuesConst)
    {
        UnorderedContiguousSet< U8 > f;
        EXPECT_EQ(0u, f.Size());
        EXPECT_TRUE(f.Insert(2));
        EXPECT_TRUE(f.Insert(4));
        auto matcher = ::testing::UnorderedElementsAre< U8, U8 >(2u, 4u);
        EXPECT_THAT(((const UnorderedContiguousSet<U8> &)f).GetValues(), matcher);
    }

    TEST(UnorderedContiguousSet, Delete)
    {
        UnorderedContiguousSet< U8 > f;
        EXPECT_TRUE(f.Insert(2));
        EXPECT_TRUE(f.Insert(4));
        auto matcher = ::testing::UnorderedElementsAre< U8, U8 >(2u, 4u);
        EXPECT_THAT(((const UnorderedContiguousSet<U8> &)f).GetValues(), matcher);

        EXPECT_TRUE(f.Delete(4));
        EXPECT_FALSE(f.Has(4));
        EXPECT_EQ(1u, f.Size());
        auto matcher2 = ::testing::UnorderedElementsAre< U8 >(2u);
        EXPECT_THAT(((const UnorderedContiguousSet<U8> &)f).GetValues(), matcher2);
    }

    TEST(UnorderedContiguousSet, DeleteNotExists)
    {
        UnorderedContiguousSet< U8 > f;
        EXPECT_TRUE(f.Insert(2));
        EXPECT_TRUE(f.Insert(4));
        auto matcher = ::testing::UnorderedElementsAre< U8, U8 >(2u, 4u);
        EXPECT_THAT(((const UnorderedContiguousSet<U8> &)f).GetValues(), matcher);

        EXPECT_FALSE(f.Delete(20));
        EXPECT_EQ(2u, f.Size());
        EXPECT_THAT(((const UnorderedContiguousSet<U8> &)f).GetValues(), matcher);
    }

    TEST(UnorderedContiguousSet, Clear)
    {
        UnorderedContiguousSet< U8 > f;
        EXPECT_TRUE(f.Insert(2));
        EXPECT_TRUE(f.Insert(4));
        auto matcher = ::testing::UnorderedElementsAre< U8, U8 >(2u, 4u);
        EXPECT_THAT(((const UnorderedContiguousSet<U8> &)f).GetValues(), matcher);

        f.Clear();

        EXPECT_EQ(0u, f.Size());
        EXPECT_FALSE(f.Has(2));
        EXPECT_FALSE(f.Has(4));
        EXPECT_EQ(0u, f.GetValues().size());
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Patti Labelle is adding some Asian flair to her resume of baked goods.
According to Page Six, the legendary singer is expecting to add a line of frozen Chinese food to her pre-existing line of retail food products. Labelle, who already has become a pie-mogul, can expect for her new frozen food items to be sold across supermarkets around the country.
Helping her to achieve this is her partner, restaurateur Stratis Morfogen. The two brought in the celebration at Morfogen's Brooklyn Chop House. Also there, was Labelle's son Zuri Edwards, Charles Suit, and Alex Thompson.
Morfogen shared a post on his Instagram account. In the post, he expresses his excitement to be working with the mogul.
Before her new venture of frozen Chinese food, the "Somebody Loves You Baby" singer launched a line of pies. Her most famous concoction is the sweet potatoes pie, sold largely in Walmart. She's since moved on to include a Southern buttermilk pie, vanilla pound cake, and chocolate cake.
Thoughts? Have you ever tried the Patti-pies? If so, do you see yourself trying Patti Labelle's new line of frozen Chinese Food? Let us know, by leaving a comment below.


We invite kids to dive into God's truth, get soaked with us in His love and make a SPLASH in the world!
This is a time to learn about and get involved with worship through music for kids.
We love being a part of the Worship Service.
If you have questions, prayer requests or the need for biblical or spiritual counsel contact the church office.


Restaurant designers are usually very creative. When choosing an interior designer, attention should be paid to the experience in the functionality of a restaurant. Eurabia is specialized in the design of restaurants.
Interior design concerns itself with more than just the visual or ambient enhancement of an interior space but seeks to optimize and harmonize the purpose to which the construction itself will be put.
Many factors come into play when formulating the design solution. There is the space itself, its dimensions and construction together with its potential and limitations. Imperative is, that attention be paid to which type of concept the space will be used for. Trendy or traditional? Low budget or fine dining? Additionally, age, income and nationality of the customers, as well as health and safety will play a role.
The elements of design range from the visual, with colours and lighting. From the form to the tactile surfaces, shape and textiles and on to the auditory level and echo. An aesthetic but also practical approach is applied to combine all these elements in a way so as to optimise interaction and therefore reach the desired results.
We source and procure furniture and fixtures, lighting, carpeting and floor covering, paint and wall covering, glass, decoration and wrought metal fixtures, art and artefacts in accordance with the concept theme.


text:
It's the Air Filters
by Andy Spears
While Tennessee has a clear need for school infrastructure upgrades, especially as it relates to lead in water, it's also worth noting that improving air quality in schools could have tremendous benefits for students — both in terms of health and academics. A new study highlighted in Vox notes that student achievement improves when schools install air filters.
The impact of the air filters is strikingly large given what a simple change we're talking about. The school district didn't reengineer the school buildings or make dramatic education reforms; they just installed $700 commercially available filters that you could plug into any room in the country. But it's consistent with a growing literature on the cognitive impact of air pollution, which finds that everyone from chess players to baseball umpires to workers in a pear-packing factory suffer deteriorations in performance when the air is more polluted.
A study following the installation of the air filters noted a significant impact on student performance:
He finds that math scores went up by 0.20 standard deviations and English scores by 0.18 standard deviations, and the results hold up even when you control for "detailed student demographics, including residential ZIP Code fixed effects that help control for a student's exposure to pollution at home."
These findings are consistent with other data on the subject:
But Sefi Roth of the London School of Economics studied university students' test performance relative to air pollution levels on the day of the test alone. He found that taking a test in a filtered rather than unfiltered room would raise test scores by 0.09 standard deviations. That's about half the impact Gilraine found, just based on day-of-test air quality. In Gilraine's natural experiment, students benefited from cleaner air for about four months. Given that context, it's not incredibly surprising that you could see an impact that's about twice as large.
So, a relatively inexpensive change in schools could have a big, positive impact on every student in the state. By contrast, school vouchers represent a very expensive intervention that negatively impacts participating students:
Recent data from the non-partisan Brookings Institute, for example, shows that four rigorous studies done in Louisiana, Washington, D.C., Indiana and Ohio found that struggling students who use vouchers to attend private schools perform worse on achievement tests than struggling students in public schools.
So, will the Tennessee General Assembly repeal the voucher legislation and move forward with a plan to add air filters to classrooms?
This entry was posted in School Funding, School Improvement, Vouchers and tagged Air Filters and Vouchers. Bookmark the permalink.
2 × = eighteen


A lot of people are confused about why we would need to add Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) or any condition to the list for medical marijuana now that we've legalized recreational use in Colorado. They assume people can find whatever they need at the rec stores. Unfortunately, that perception is mistaken.
First, although technically cannabis is cannabis whether used medicinally or recreationally, it's important to realize that there is a great variety in strains and product options. The needs of medicinal users are different from those of recreational users. Recreational users are primarily looking for the fun, euphoric effect of THC (hence, the recreational part). Medicinal users are looking for relief from symptoms which may include THC, but also cannabinoids such as CBD and CBN that may not be abundant in recreational strains. Therefore, the strains and products available through the rec market can be quite different and may not satisfy the needs of medical users including those suffering from PTSD.
Second, some laws and regulations recognize the value of medical marijuana and allow for its use. The newly passed Medical Marijuana on Probation bill is a prime example where those already licensed to use marijuana medicinally may continue its use while on probation under certain conditions. This new law does not accommodate recreational use. Currently, someone using marijuana medicinally for PTSD would not qualify, even if it is the only medicine that works, unless they had a medical marijuana license for another qualifying condition.
Third, when considering military veterans, the Veterans Administration requires that vets using cannabis be participating in a State marijuana program. Currently, in order to fulfill those requirements, veterans suffering from PTSD in Colorado must get their medical marijuana recommendation for another condition such as chronic pain in order to qualify. Those veterans who did not sustain physical injuries may still suffer from PTSD but are unable to qualify for medical marijuana. Adding PTSD to the list would remedy this situation.
VHA policy does not administratively prohibit Veterans who participate in State marijuana programs from also participating in VHA substance abuse programs, pain control programs, or other clinical programs where the use of marijuana may be considered inconsistent with treatment goals.
As marijuana use is still a federal offense VA will not provide for use or conduct research with illegal substances regardless of state laws. However, patients who participate in a non-VA marijuana program will not be denied access to care for VA clinical programs, but should be assessed for misuse, adverse effects, and withdrawal. While patients participating in State marijuana programs must not be denied VHA services, the decisions to modify treatment plans in those situations need to be made by individual providers in partnership with their patients.
Fourth, having a medical marijuana license enables a patient to engage the services of a caregiver. This is particularly important in areas of the state with bans and moratoriums in place where access to the recreational system is limited. We're finding some veterans are creating informal support groups by working with other veterans as caregivers who have personal knowledge and understanding of PTSD and can provide additional help and assistance.
Fifth, recreational marijuana is subject to taxes not imposed on medical marijuana. This can make it harder for those already struggling to pay bills to afford the medicine they need if they have to purchase through the rec system. Prescription pharmaceuticals aren't taxed. There is no prescription drug benefits when it comes to medical marijuana, forcing patients to pay 100% out of pocket for their medicine. This can be quite cost-prohibitive, especially when taxes are included.
Finally, and perhaps most importantly, patients and clinicians need to be honest in their discussions about healthcare and treatment options. If a patient is using cannabis to treat PTSD, wouldn't their physician want to know that? Patients need to feel free to have this discussion with their doctors, and doctors need to listen to what their patients are telling them. Without this open conversation, how are doctors to provide adequate treatment or counseling? How are patients to get quality care? And how will we move from anecdotes to research without documented stories and case studies from patients?
Simply sending patients to the recreational market for medicine isn't good enough. To serve veterans and others suffering from the debilitating effects of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, the Colorado Board of Health must add PTSD to the list of conditions qualifying one for a medical marijuana license.
On July 15, the Board of Health will be voting on whether or not to add Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder to the list of conditions for medical marijuana. We need your help to get this through. PLEASE email the Board of Health at cdphe.bohrequests@state.co.us encouraging them to take this important step and add PTSD.
HELP get PTSD added to the list for medical marijuana in Colorado!
To keep this moving forward, we need your financial support. Coordinating an effort like this takes a lot of time and resources. If you think this cause is important, then PLEASE DONATE to Cannabis Patients Alliance TODAY so we can keep working on issues important to patients!


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SOLOMAN DIAS v. SECRETARY, MINISTRY OF DEFENCE AND OTHERS
013-SLLR-SLLR-2002-3-SOLOMAN-DIAS-v.-SECRETARY-MINISTRY-OF-DEFENCE-AND-OTHERS.pdf
SOLOMAN DIAS
v.SECRETARY, MINISTRY OF DEFENCE AND OTHERS
SUPREME COURTFERNANDO, J.
J. A. N. DE SILVA, J. ANDWEERASURIYA, J.
SC NO. 604/2001 (FR)
Fundamental Rights – Travel to Vavuniya – Travel pass system – Article 14 (1)(h)of the Constitution.
The petitioner was an Attomey-at-Law employed under an organization in Colomboand performing functions relating to human rights and legal aid in the VavuniyaDistrict for displaced persons. It was necessary for him to travel to Vavuniya inconnection with his duties.
On 05. 09. 2001 the petitioner travelled to Vavuniya by bus. On the way it wasstopped at a checkpoint and upon producing his identity card he was allowedto proceed without a pass. On his return the same day, the bus was stoppedwhen the 3rd respondent, the officer-in-charge of the checkpoint severely admonishedhim for not obtaining a pass even though he said that he was a lawyer. By reasonof that delay the petitioner's bus proceeded without him; and having found othermeans of travel he returned to Colombo only at 4 am the next morning. Thatevent was the petitioner's first complaint.
His next complaint was that on 04. 10. 2001 he left for Vavuniya by train. Atthe railway station next morning, police officers instructed passengers to obtainpasses. The petitioner was refused exemption. He had to go in a queue. On hisproducing his identity card he was issued a pass for six days. He returned bybus on 08. 10; 2001. The . bus was stopped at a checkpoint and all passengerswere asked to produce their passes. The petitioner produced his Bar Associationidentity card and was allowed to continue his journey although he had not producedthe pass.
(Fernando, J.)
Even assuming that the petitioner's first complaint was factually accurate,the application was filed only on 08. 11. 2001. Hence, that complaint wasout of time.
As regard the second complaint, the treatment of the petitioner on 05. 10.2001 constituted no more than minor irritations. His rights under Article14 (1) (h) were not infringed.
APPLICATION for relief for infringement of fundamental rights.
M. A. Sumanthiran with P. S. Bandaranayake, K. Prabakaran and RenukaSenanayake for petitioner.
/. Demuni de Silva, Senior State Counsel for respondents.
Cur. adv. vult.
FERNANDO, J.
This application was argued together with Vadivelu v. Offcer-irt-Charge,Sithambarapuram Refugee Camp Police Post, Vavuniya, SCApplication No. 44/2002 (FR), as both cases involved a challengeto the pass system for travel to. and from Vavuniya.
The petitoner is a citizen of Sri Lanka and an Attorney-at-Lawemployed as the Executive Secretary of the Peace, and ReconciliationCommittee, National Council of YMCA's of Sri Lanka, in which capacityhe had functions relating to human rights education and legal aid,inter alia, at a centre in the Vavuniya District for internally displacedpersons. It was necessaiy for him to travel to Vavuniya in connectionwith his duties.
The petitioner pleaded that Principle 25 (3) of the Guiding Principleson Internal Displacement formulated by the UN Special Representativeon Internally Displaced Persons imposed a duty on national authoritiesto grant and facilitate persons engaged in the provision of humanitarianassistance rapid and unimpeded access to the internally displaced.He further contended that Article 12 (1) embodied the principle ofequality before the law and that Article 14 (1) (h) guaranteed freedomof movement within Sri Lanka, free from arbitrary and unjustifiedrestrictions; and that the "travel pass" system constituted an arbitraryand unreasonable restriction of those fundamental rights, and was notauthorized by or under law or regulations made under the law relatingto public security.
The petitioner's account of the relevant facts is as follows. His firstallegation was that on 05.09.2001 when he was travelling to Vavuniyaby bus he was stopped at the Eratperiyakulam checkpoint. He wasasked to submit his identity card, which disclosed that he was anAttorney-at-Law, whereupon he was allowed to proceed on his journeywithout obtaining a pass. On his return from Vavuniya the same day,the bus was stopped at the same checkpoint, and he was asked toproduce his pass. Although he explained that he had not been requiredto obtain a pass that morning, he was asked to get out of the bus,and was then taken to the 3rd respondent, the officer-in-charge ofthe checkpoint, who interrogated him. When he said that he was alawyer the 3rd respondent retorted : "you may know the law in therest of the country but here in Vavuniya you have to follow our lawand we require you to obtain a pass". All this resulted a delay ofover 45 minutes, and by then the. bus had left. There were no morebuses that evening, and the petitoner had to obtain lifts toMedawachchiya, and from there to Anuradhapura, from where heboarded a. bus which reached Colombo only at 4.00 a.m. the nextmorning. Even assuming that the petitioner's account is accurate, thisapplication was filed only on 08. 11. 2001, and accordingly thisparticular complaint is out of time.
The petitioner's second complaint was that on 04. 10. 2001 heleft for Vavuniya by train. When he arrived at the railway station thenext morning, police officers instructed passengers to obtain passes,and for that purpose to join either the queue for permanent residentsof Vavuniya or the queue for visitors; his request to leave the railwaystation without obtaining a pass was refused. Upon submitting (but 50nor surrendering) his identity card, he was issued a six-day pass,and he was allowed to leave the station after his bags were checkedby the police. After finishing his work he returned by bus on 08. 10.2001. The bus was stopped at the Eratperiyakulam checkpoint, andall passengers were asked to submit their passes. The petitionerproduced his Bar Association identity card, and was allowed to continuehis journey although he had not produced the pass.
The petitioner's third grievance was that the pass system applicableto travel between Colombo and Vavuniya, and the manner in whichit was being implemented, constituted an imminent infringement of %Articles 12 (1) and 14 (1) (/?), as in the future too persons havingto travel in a sudden emergency would be liable to arrest if theydid not have travel passes. It is unnecessary to consider this contentionas the pass system is no longer in operation. In any event, whetheran infringement is "imminent" would depend on the circumstances.
As for the petitioner's second complaint, it is clear that the travelpass system did not in any way hinder his return journey oh
10. 2001 : he was not even asked to produce the pass issuedto him on 05. 10. 2001. As for the journey to Vavuniya on05. 10. 2001, the formalities to which- he was subject – queueing toup, obtaining a pass, and having his baggage securtiy-checked – werein the circumstances no more than minor irritations.
I, therefore, dismiss the application but without costs.
J.A. N. DE, SILVA, J. – I agree.
WEERASURIYA, J. – I agree.
Application dismissed.


(Think Billy Crystal— "It is better to look good than to feel good"—from 1985, Saturday Night Live).
Graphic design makes you (you being your business, your services, your products...) look your best! Graphic design defines, beautifies, and frames the form you choose to present to the world. The selected type face, the chosen colors, the layout of the words and images…each of these communicates your business, message, and intent to the world.
Graphic design is art with purpose, purpose to communicate, engage, and motivate action. To enable that purpose you must always keep in mind your audience and make sure you are speaking in their visual language. To continue the Billy Crystal reference, don't wear MC Hammer pants to a formal dinner! Make your message clear, digestible, and compelling.
Build an attractive brand that is recognizable as you (you being your business, your services, your products...) when you are not there. Excellent brands speak for themselves. Think about the associations you have with companies like Nike, Apple, BMW. While you may definitely recall the products, I would hazard that concepts such as motion, clean lines, powerful performance are equally recalled. Graphic design gives shape to your brand and forms your identity (what the world sees when they look at your messaging) and sets you apart from your competitors (cuts through the noise). Keep in mind that you are competing for the most valuable resource anyone has..time. An effective and compelling brand can do this.
Great and consistent graphic design gives your business shape and form on paper, on line, and in the world. While looking good and having a powerful brand matters, they really just get you in the door or open the possibility for consideration. Credibility is what keeps your target audience coming back, participating, donating, or taking whatever action you are trying for. While credibility can be defined many ways, the most simple is doing what you said. Make sure that you clarify and enhance your communications so that there is no unintended confusion, so that it is clear that your organization does what it says it will do. Consistency in delivering this experience will, in conjunction with the first two points, provide you with an audience that likes what they see, recognizes what they see, and ultimately trusts what they see.
People do judge a book by its cover.... First impressions matter.


The McArthur River lead-zinc mine is one of the world's largest zinc mines and deposits, presently producing about 180,000 tonnes of zinc per year.
The deposit was discovered in 1955 but underground mining did not begin until 1995 – due mainly to the very difficult nature of the ore to process. The site was converted to a highly controversial open cut mine in 2006 – which was fiercely opposed by local indigenous people due to the massive diversion of the McArthur River.
The mine is currently owned by Xstrata, acquired during its takeover of Mt Isa Mines in 2003. Xstrata are considering yet another expansion at McArthur River.
Harry Lansen – Borroloola, 2011 from jessie boylan on Vimeo.
Fraser Baker – Borroloola, 2011 from jessie boylan on Vimeo.
Jack Green talking about McArthur River, NT from Mineral Policy Institute on Vimeo.


20/01/2018 · 3. The first line of players should be called "administrator". Click on the little computer to the left of that name. Now you can fill in all your information. Give yourself a name, blah blah blah, type in your e-mail, your password, and your SMTP information. The e-mail is there because the game knows to send you the game when his turn is over with. It's a neat little feature. The SMTP is... 3) press ctrl+shift+z To start the game immediately with a second player, one can use the ctrl+t cheat to teleport a ship to the civilization's homeworld and then enable ctrl+shift+z. (Note: The second player loses some of the bonuses that the computer civilization had.
Civilization III: Conquests is the second expansion for Civilization III. It was published in 2003. This expansion added eight new civilizations to the game, and including the eight civilizations from Play the World this brings the total number of playable civilizations up to thirty-one (the maximum supported by the game).... 8/08/2015 · 1. Deactivate mods. 2. Click 'Multiplayer'. 3. On one PC, pick 'new game' and set up the game. When done with the settings, hit 'start'. This will put you in the Lobby.
There are three ways that you can play against other players in Civilization V. To begin, launch the game and select Multiplayer, where you will be presented with three options. Standard : players take turns continuously over the Internet or LAN.
Civilization IV Hands-On - Multiplayer A multiplayer Civ game that works? That's what we thought, too, until we flew to Firaxis to actually play the game head-to-head.


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Ireland Club Team
IQRugby
Bowe Starts, Three Irish On Bench
6th June 2013 11:01
Ulster and Ireland winger Tommy Bowe will start his second successive match for the British & Irish Lions when they play the Queensland Reds at Suncorp Stadium on Saturday (kick-off 7.40pm local time/10.40am Irish time).
Tommy Bowe scored his first try of the 2013 tour in yesterday's 69-17 triumph over Western Force in Perth, and the Monaghan man has retained his place in the starting line-up for this weekend's match.
Paul O'Connell, who led the Lions in their tour opener in Hong Kong, returns to the matchday squad as a replacement, while Conor Murray and Jonathan Sexton – the starting half-backs in Perth – will also be on bench duty.
Sam Warburton has recovered from a knee ligament strain and is set to become the 800th player to wear the famous red jersey in a competitive fixture when he finally makes his debut as a Lion and as tour captain.
Three-times tourist Gethin Jenkins will join Warburton in making his first appearance on the 2013 tour, while lock Geoff Parling, prop Matt Stevens, hooker Tom Youngs and his brother and scrum half Ben Youngs will all make their first starts for the Lions.
Lions head coach Warren Gatland said: "Two games and two victories is great, but those two matches are building blocks as we head towards the Test series.
"We always said we would give every player a start in the first three matches and this team reflects that. It also provides us with the opportunity to continue to look at different combinations.
"For the Reds match this includes a new centre pairing and a different front five. At the same time we have several players playing their second matches on tour and some proven combinations starting the match – Ben Youngs and Owen Farrell are the incumbent England half-backs and we have an all-Welsh back row."
Tour manager Andy Irvine added: "We have played two matches so far and done very well but the stakes get higher on Saturday against the Reds, who are a leading Super Rugby side.
"It is the type of game we require at this point in the tour and it will be a measure of how we are progressing on the field."
The Reds, the 2011 Super Rugby champions, were the last Australian state team to beat the Lions way back in 1971 – their second triumph over the tourists to go with their first in 1899.
Their matchday squad, announced earlier in the day, includes 12 Wallabies who hold 127 caps between them.
Meanwhile, the tour fate of Ireland prop Cian Healy hangs in the balance after he picked up an ankle injury and was also cited for allegedly biting Force scrum half Brett Sheehan during the first half of yesterday's game.
The Queensland fixture will be the third tour match full-back Rob Kearney has missed due to a grade one hamstring tear, but the Louth native is recovering well and reportedly on course to feature against the NSW Waratahs on Saturday week.
Speaking about Kearney's fitness yesterday, Gatland said: "We spoke to the medics this morning and they're pleased about the progress he's making.
"He's hit all his markers at the moment so he's on track to hopefully be back fully training next week and to be in selection for either next Tuesday, if he's quick enough, or for the following Saturday."
Healy's first Lions start was prematurely ended by an injury to his left ankle in the first half, following a tackle by Force flanker Angus Cottrell.
The young front rower is on crutches and had his foot in a plastic boot as the Lions squad travelled to Brisbane today. He will undergo a scan to confirm the extent of his injury.
The Dubliner's disciplinary hearing for the alleged biting offence has been rescheduled for Friday at 9am local time/12am Irish time.
BRITISH & IRISH LIONS Team & Replacements (v Queensland Reds, 2013 British & Irish Lions Tour, Suncorp Stadium, Brisbane, Saturday, June 8, kick-off 7.30pm local time/10.30am Irish time):
15. Stuart Hogg (Glasgow Warriors/Scotland)
14. Alex Cuthbert (Cardiff Blues/Wales)
13. Manu Tuilagi (Leicester Tigers/England)
12. Jonathan Davies (Scarlets/Wales)
11. Tommy Bowe (Ulster/Ireland)
10. Owen Farrell (Saracens/England)
9. Ben Youngs (Leicester Tigers/England)
1. Gethin Jenkins (Toulon/Wales)
2. Tom Youngs (Leicester Tigers/England)
3. Matt Stevens (Saracens/England)
4. Richie Gray (Scotland)
5. Geoff Parling (Leicester Tigers/England)
6. Dan Lydiate (Newport Gwent Dragons/Wales)
7. Sam Warburton (Cardiff Blues/Wales) (capt)
8. Toby Faletau (Newport Gwent Dragons/Wales)
Replacements:
16. Richard Hibbard (Ospreys/Wales)
17. Mako Vunipola (Saracens/England)
18. Adam Jones (Ospreys/Wales)
19. Paul O'Connell (Munster/Ireland)
20. Justin Tipuric (Ospreys/Wales)
21. Conor Murray (Munster/Ireland)
22. Jonathan Sexton (Leinster/Ireland)
23. George North (Scarlets/Wales)
Lions Tour
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Home/News/Artificial intelligence explained the mysterious circling of animals
Artificial intelligence explained the mysterious circling of animals
Ordo News EditorJanuary 24, 2022Last Updated: January 24, 2022
475,325 1 minute read
(ORDO NEWS) — Circling is observed in large groups of animals at different stages of evolution, from insects and worms to fish: they move in concert around the center of the group. The biological function of such bizarre behavior has so far baffled evolutionary biologists and systems theorists.
The standard approach to explaining circling postulates the presence of some artificial forces that arise between animals and affect their collective movement. Scientists at Skoltech took a different path: their model is goal-based and formulated in terms of reinforcement learning, a tool from the field of artificial intelligence.
Based on simple rules and natural constraints, the animals modeled by the researchers through trial and error learned to move collectively. Strikingly, the demands placed on them – to stay within the given limits from the center of the group and from the neighbors – led to spontaneous circling.
Even more unexpectedly, circling turned out to be very useful for survival: according to researchers, a team trained in such behavior is hundreds of times more resistant to harmful environmental disturbances – in nature, they can be, for example, wind or underwater currents.
Another application of artificial intelligence in a similar context is grouping animals. Birds migrate, wolves hunt, and fish swim in packs. If animals move together in an optimal position relative to each other, they thereby minimize energy costs.
The Skoltech researchers used the same goal-oriented approach based on reinforcement learning and confirmed that as a result, animals find the optimal configuration for movement, allowing them to save strength: two of them line up, three of them form a triangle, four of them form a diamond.
These and other, sometimes unexpected constructions, with a larger group size, were independently found by an alternative method.
Although there are other factors in nature that determine the structure of the pack, such as protection from predators, the position of the leader, and so on, the results obtained clearly demonstrate the wide applicability of the method and its reliability.
As Professor Brilliantov says, "I understand that everything is built from simple 'mathematical building blocks', but I never cease to be amazed at the possibilities of AI methods!".
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Pat Forde
Aaron Rome sues NHL after career-ending hip injury
August 5, 2016, 1:21 p.m.
(Photo by Glenn James/NHLI via Getty Images)
Former NHL defenseman Aaron Rome has reportedly sued the league and his insurance company after a hip injury ended his career at American Airlines Center in 2014.
The Dallas Morning News reports Rome suffered a left hip injury against the St. Louis Blues in 2014 when Rome was a member of the Dallas Stars. Rome had surgery on the hip, but did not recover to play professional hockey again. The Stars used a compliance buyout on him in the summer of 2014. Rome's contract, signed before the 2012-13 season, was for three years at $4.5 million total.
Rome then made a claim for disability benefits from HCC Life Insurance Company, but was denied. He alleges that the insurance adjuster assigned to handle his claim was not licensed in Texas and withheld documents he needed to appeal the claim.
It's unclear how much money Rome is seeking or whether he is eligible for disability benefits.
Here is a screen shot of the NHL's disability policy, which is referenced in the Dallas Morning News.
Cumulative injuries do not count according to The News. The 32-year-old Rome played a total of 226 games that spanned from the 2006-07 season with the Anaheim Ducks through 2013-14 with Dallas.
According to Rome's bio from TSN's player page, he missed NHL games with multiple injuries – thumb, sprained MCL, foot and others.
The Dallas Morning news says the defendants "mistreated an athlete who gave his heart and effort to professional hockey only to be betrayed by those who were supposed to help, protect, and provide benefits he undoubtedly deserves."
Rome is known for one of the more infamous hits in Stanley Cup Final history. When he was a member of the Vancouver Canucks, Rome concussed Boston Bruins forward Nathan Horton in Game 3 of the 2011 Cup Final and was suspended four games. Horton missed the rest of the series, and the hit became a major rallying cry for the Bruins as they came back from a 2-0 deficit to win the Cup that year.
Josh Cooper is an editor for Puck Daddy on Yahoo Sports. Have a tip? Email him at puckdaddyblog@yahoo.com or follow him on Twitter! Follow @joshuacooper
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BUFFALO, N.Y. (AP) — Dylan Larkin scored the tying goal in regulation and notched the game-winner 2:07 into overtime to give the Detroit Red Wings a 3-2 comeback win over the Buffalo Sabres on Monday before a sparse crowd in snowbound western New York. "Very satisfying," Larkin said. "It's real nice to get this one done in overtime." Vladislav Namestnikov added a short-handed goal for the Red Wings, who swept Buffalo in a home-and-home series to snap an 0-4-2 skid on the road and improve to 4-4-


text:
Home Scandal and Gossip Alabama drug addict grand-mom charged in overdose death of 19 month old...
Alabama drug addict grand-mom charged in overdose death of 19 month old child
Christopher Koulouris: About author bio at bottom of article.
Pictured, Journey Dorman, Michelle Lee Light Alabama grandson.
Alabama drug addict grand-mother, Michelle Lee Light charged in overdose death of 19 month old child, Journey Dorman. Overdosed on methadone.
An Alabama woman has been arrested in the death of her 19-month-old grandson, after the boy swallowing and overdosing on methadone.
Michelle Lee Light, 44, of Sylvan Springs, West Jefferson County, was charged Monday with chemical endangerment of a child resulting in death Alabama.com reported.
The charges follow Journey Dorman being found unresponsive while in his grandmother's care on July 21, 2018.
Journey was found unresponsive about 2:10 p.m. that day and was taken to Children's of Alabama. He was pronounced dead at 3:27 p.m.
Pictured, Michelle Lee Light Alabama grandmother.
Hopelessly addicted:
Authorities initially investigated the possibly that Journey had gotten into rat poison, but the autopsy ultimately showed he died from methadone toxicity, or overdose.
Jefferson County Sheriff's Capt. David Agee says Light didn't tell rescue workers that Journey might have ingested the methadone, so they weren't able to try to save his life with Narcan or other anti-overdose treatments.
'Ms. Light allowed this substance in an area where the child was able to access it and ingest it. Worse than that, when medical personnel arrived, she failed to tell them of the possibility he had ingested this substance. If they had known, maybe Narcan might have revived the child.' Capt David Agee said.
'Journey Dorman suffered a tragic death due to the recklessness of the person who was supposed to protect him from danger,' Capt David Agee reiterated.
It remained unclear how the methadone made its way onto the Sylvan Springs property, with the medication- typically used to wean off heroin and opioid addicts– given to users at a clinic where they are mandated to consume at the time of administering. The practice nevertheless is often ripe to abuse- as documented by the National Institute of Health.
Following a one year investigation, Agee says detectives obtained an arrest warrant for the 44 year old woman and had been searching for Light since early July. She was arrested during a traffic stop on August 25th, WVTM13 reported.
Light is being held in the Jefferson County Jail on $500,000 bond.
Christopher Koulouris
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Freemasons is not at secret security, but an ORDER with secrets, and it shall remain this way, you can as a mason practise what you learn, but it is forbidden for a freemason to participate in a public discussion about freemasonry, and I really hope that anyone who does will be properly punished.
Some of the ritual I find uplifting and thought provoking - the Craft rituals are particularly beautiful both in their content and their implications. Eg North-East corner; Charge to the Initiate.
My overwhelming thought immediately after the initiation ceremony and for many days after was " what the hell was that all about and what have I let myself in for". Perseverance has illuminated some of these dark corners and practice has led to an appreciation of the anachronistic use of language which I feel has tended to make me think about the content more - maybe that was the intention - if it was it succeeded and I think I am a better person for it.
On the other hand some of the ritual seems to delight in obfuscation - and I do not understand it at all right now. The storylines I usually find enjoyable (I belong to Craft; Royal Arch; Mark; Mariners; Rose Croix and ROS.) and find areas of overlap and further illumination.
I feel that many would find it difficult to verbalise what Freemasonry means to them - but they keep coming back for more which can't be too bad.
My 'living resurrection' when made a Master Mason was one of the most significant moments in my life. It would be a profanity to put into mere words as 'Ignorance is displayed in a cloud of words'.
Regarding Freemasonry being kept secret.... I wouldn't worry about it too much. The world is much too distracted with their stomachs to give much thought to important matters.
1. Freemasonry shoul'd be discreet.
2. Sacret,interresting,tels us about Humanities roots.
I just gave back my third degree last week 3/8/08. My father and grandfather were Masons. Dad never did very much after receiving his third degree, but my grandfather was very proud and always wore his Masonic ring, which I now wear.
I am 58 this year and I felt very proud of my accomplishment. My mother is very happy with what I have done. She never thought I would travel to be a Free Mason.
My father, and probably my grandfather, were Freemasons. I know my father was very proud of this, but he never talked about it to any of the family. Now that I am "old", I wish he had spoken about it so that I could better understand his religious attitudes. Perhaps we would have had a better relationship if I had understood certain things. In our dining room were large framed certificates which I always assumed were proof of his level of achievement in the Freemasons. They had the columns etc. Do you know, I never read them completely or ever found out exactly what they meant. I regret that. I think that Freemasonry went back several or perhaps many generations in my family. I have done a great deal of genealogical research, and wish this was a findable piece of the puzzle.
Perhaps at one time, it was wise for Freemasonry to be secretive. I think that the time has come now, when most people are open to "new" ideas, for them to 'fess up and tell us the truth (as they know it).
I agree with what you said on talkshoe. I think it's a way for me to see myself from my internal and external perspective.
I work in Local Government and it is such a shame that I and Brethren in similar situations can't celebrate our Membership amongst colleagues. There is still fear that one will be regarded and treated differently in the career stakes.What changed attitudes so much that there is so much antagonism now towards Freemasonry? That would be auseful attitudinal study!
i would like to say, that freemasonry was in my family for generations, and my stepfather was a worshipful master at one of the lodges in Wales.
He was someone who I respected and conducted his life in a very mild and humble way.
I believe and hope that freemasonry will grow, and continue for many generations to come!
Few people in the English speaking world are aware that Brazil was founded by masons (Adonhiramita rite), slavery was abolished in Brazil through a masonic movement (non-violent and in stages) and Brasilia is based on old masonic designs from the 1880�s.
Loges are called Lojas (also the name for a shop in Portuguese - both are from the arabic though the roots are different: in arabic, al laj, is a raised dias or holy place, where, for example, couples are married). There is also widespread acceptance that much of the philosophic rites are adapted from Sufism.
Esoteric masonary is now growing, with a younger membership, and is still very active, especially in smaller towns.


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Hong Kong's Security Law: One Year Later, a City Remade
HONG KONG — With each passing day, the boundary between Hong Kong and the rest of China fades faster.
The Chinese Communist Party is remaking this city, permeating its once vibrant, irreverent character with ever more overt signs of its authoritarian will. The very texture of daily life is under assault as Beijing molds Hong Kong into something more familiar, more docile.
Residents now swarm police hotlines with reports about disloyal neighbors or colleagues. Teachers have been told to imbue students with patriotic fervor through 48-volume book sets called "My Home Is in China." Public libraries have removed dozens of books from circulation, including one about the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Nelson Mandela.
when antigovernment protests erupted.
Now, armed with the expansive national security law it imposed on the city one year ago, Beijing is pushing to turn Hong Kong into another of its mainland megacities: economic engines where dissent is immediately smothered.
goose-step in the Chinese military fashion, replacing decades of British-style marching. City leaders regularly denounce "external elements" bent on undermining the country's stability.
Senior officials in Hong Kong have assembled, right hands raised, to pledge fealty to the country, just as mainland bureaucrats are regularly called on to "biao tai," Mandarin for "declaring your stance."
also warn of termination or other vague consequences if violated. Mr. Li had heard some supervisors nagging his colleagues to fill out the form right away, he said, and employees competing to say how quickly they had complied.
"The rules that were to protect everyone — as employees and also as citizens — are being weakened," Mr. Li said.
purge candidates it deemed disloyal, Beijing called the change "perfecting Hong Kong's electoral system." When Apple Daily, a major pro-democracy newspaper, was forced to close after the police arrested its top executives, the party said the publication had abused "so-called freedom of the press." When dozens of opposition politicians organized an informal election primary, Chinese officials accused them of subversion and arrested them.
helped lead an operation that smuggled students and academics out of the mainland.
But Beijing is more sophisticated now than in 1989, Mr. Chan said. It had cowed Hong Kong even without sending in troops; that demanded respect.
end of an era.
The rush of mainland money has brought some new conditions.
declaring that those who do not go risk missing opportunities.
Growing up in Hong Kong, Toby Wong, 23, had never considered working on the mainland. Her mother came from the mainland decades earlier for work. Salaries there were considerably lower.
promising to subsidize nearly $1,300 of a $2,300 monthly wage — higher than that of many entry-level positions at home. A high-speed rail between the two cities meant she could return on weekends to see her mother, whom Ms. Wong must financially support.
Ms. Wong applied to two Chinese technology companies.
"This isn't a political question," she said. "It's a practical question."
many signals were missed.
Mapping Out China's Post-Covid Path: Xi Jinping, China's leader, is seeking to balance confidence and caution as his country strides ahead while other places continue to grapple with the pandemic.
A Challenge to U.S. Global Leadership: As President Biden predicts a struggle between democracies and their opponents, Beijing is eager to champion the other side.
'Red Tourism' Flourishes: New and improved attractions dedicated to the Communist Party's history, or a sanitized version of it, are drawing crowds ahead of the party's centennial.
The Hong Kong government has issued hundreds of pages of new curriculum guidelines designed to instill "affection for the Chinese people." Geography classes must affirm China's control over disputed areas of the South China Sea. Students as young as 6 will learn the offenses under the security law.
Lo Kit Ling, who teaches a high school civics course, is now careful to say only positive things about China in class. While she had always tried to offer multiple perspectives on any topic, she said, she worries that a critical view could be quoted out of context by a student or parent.
accused it of poisoning Hong Kong's youth. The course had encouraged students to analyze China critically, teaching the country's economic successes alongside topics such as the Tiananmen Square crackdown.
Officials have ordered the subject replaced with a truncated version that emphasizes the positive.
"It's not teaching," Ms. Lo said. "It's just like a kind of brainwashing." She will teach an elective on hospitality studies instead.
Schoolchildren are not the only ones being asked to watch for dissent. In November, the Hong Kong police opened a hotline for reporting suspected violations of the security law. An official recently applauded residents for leaving more than 100,000 messages in six months. This week, the police arrested a 37-year-old man and accused him of sedition, after receiving reports that stickers pasted on the gate of an apartment unit potentially violated the security law.
most effective tools of social control on the mainland. It is designed to deter people like Johnny Yui Siu Lau, a radio host in Hong Kong, from being quite so free in his criticisms of China.
Mr. Lau said a producer recently told him that a listener had reported him to the broadcast authority.
"It will be a competition or a struggle, how the Hong Kong people can protect the freedom of speech," Mr. Lau said.
censor films deemed a danger to national security. Some officials have demanded that artwork by dissidents like Ai Weiwei be barred from museums.
Still, Hong Kong is not yet just another mainland metropolis. Residents have proved fiercely unwilling to relinquish freedom, and some have rushed to preserve totems of a discrete Hong Kong identity.
font of hope and pride amid a resurgence in interest in Canto-pop.
Last summer, Herbert Chow, who owns Chickeeduck, a children's clothing chain, installed a seven-foot figurine of a protester — a woman wearing a gas mask and thrusting a protest flag — and other protest art in his stores.
But Mr. Chow, 57, has come under pressure from his landlords, several of whom have refused to renew his leases. There were 13 Chickeeduck stores in Hong Kong last year; now there are five. He said he was uncertain how long his city could keep resisting Beijing's inroads.
"Fear — it can make you stronger, because you don't want to live under fear," he said. Or "it can kill your desire to fight."
Joy Dong contributed research.
Filed Under: WORLD Tagged With: Academics, AI, Ai Weiwei, Apple, Apple Daily, Art, Books, Business, Children, China, Cities, Communist Party of China, Demonstrations, Protests and Riots, Economy, Engines, Fashion, Freedom of speech, Freedom of the Press, Friends, Gas, Government, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Protests (2019), Human Rights and Human Rights Violations, Jobs, landlords, Law, Leadership, Luo Huining, Martin Luther King, Meituan, Military, Money, Moving, National, neighbors, Police, Protest, Radio, Research, Skyscrapers, Society, South China Sea, Summer, technology, Xi Jinping, Young people


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ece frontpage
Police intensifies patrol in Akosombo over the death of 2 expats
Kojo Emmanuel
Two expatriate women have been allegedly murdered by unknown assailants at Akwamufie in Akosombo.
The grave site where the bodies were exhumed
The Police in Akosombo in the Eastern region have found the bodies of two African Americans killed and buried by some unknown assailants.
The victims were earlier reported to have gone missing and a search in their room Tuesday afternoon purportedly revealed blood stains on the floor; and a blood-stained cudgel, believed to have been used to hit them, was also found.
The paramount chief of the Akwamu Traditional Area, Odeneho Kwafo Akoto II, on Wednesday dispatched over 70 people to complement a police search for the two missing persons.
There were suspicions among residents that the two murdered persons – a 75-year-old lady identified only as Mamlena and 60-year-old Nzinga – were kidnapped and murdered.
According to reports, the two, who were leaders of the African-American community in Akwamu, were recently accused by the Chieftaincy Minister, Dr. Henry Seidu Dannaa, of illegally acting as chiefs.
The Akosombo Divisional Commander, ACP Bosompem, said his outfit detected a burial site on Wednesday morning and that they were waiting for officials from the Criminal Investigations Department (CID) headquarters in Accra to come and help with investigation.
According to him, they 'suspected that something had been buried there,' and until the place is investigated 'they wouldn't know what was in the ground there.'
A search party was organised which found a shallow grave in which the two had been buried.
The bodies were subsequently exhumed, under the supervision of health professionals, and deposited at the Police Hospital mortuary in Accra.
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View United Constructions collections on Australian Fashion Review Blog.
Perth-based womenswear label United Constructions was founded in 1996 by Australian designers Jill Crabb and Helen Miraudo, who both already had extensive experience within the fashion industry. The design duo soon became known for their fashion forward and androgynous, developing a cult following not only across Australia and New Zealand, but also internationally, thanks to the rise of the online retailer.
Since inception, the brand has maintained a design philosophy that takes a unique approach, focusing on grunge, wit and glamour, with the aim of creating directional fashion that pushes the boundaries. The label's strong design aesthetic forgoes current trends and fads, instead choosing an off-kilter approach, which often starts with the deconstruction and manipulation of traditional tailoring. Inspiration comes from Jill and Helen's own sense of humour, as well as everyday objects, current affairs, artists, overseas countries and cultures.
As of 2012, the United Constructions collections are available in selected boutiques throughout Australia and New Zealand, a full list of which can be found on the brand's official website. In September of 2011 Australian fashion review blog were lucky enough to have a chat with the duo behind the brand for a few quick words about their label.
Who is behind the United Constructions fashion label and what do you specialise in?
'united constructions' is a collaboration between Jill Crabb and Helen Miraudo. It is a designer womenswear label.
How did it all start for United Constructions? When and where was the label founded?
The womenswear label was founded in 1996 in Perth, and garments are still manufactured in Western Australia. Unusually this designer label does not follow current trends, it has a strong design aesthetic which offers a perfect balance, but also a contradiction of grunge, wit and glamour.
What are the future plans of the label?
In the near future the plans for this brand will be to stock in Asia such as Japan and Malaysia, 'united constructions' hopes to sell to UK/Europe/USA in the future.
Name some inspirations and fellow designers you draw influence from?
The designers behind this brand hold great respect for the traditional craftsmanship of the old design houses. In homage, all the label's garments are beautifully made on the inside as they are on the outside.
Name the ideal celebrity that reflects United Constructions style?
Various stockists throughout Australia and New Zealand which you can check at the official website.
Visit the official United Constructions website, or check out United Constructions fashion collections on Australian Fashion Review Blog.
If you like the look of United Constructions, why not check out fellow Australian fashion labels, Leonard St, Joveeba and Daniel Avakian.


I think you just solved a mystery for me. I can no longer find a particular mark on a granite glacier erratic that I visit frequently. I couldn't figure out what happened to it. But now I think it may have been been black lichen, and it may have been scoured out over the winter, or maybe just heavy rain or high water in the river beside it. Thanks!
I am pleased you were able to solve the mystery, Linda. Lichens get everywhere and alter colour, texture, and often enhance the appearance of many rocks. Ultimately they can be destructive because some of them not only settle on the surface but actually penetrate the substrate.


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