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Sale: all books 50% off
About Islington
DISCOVER ISLINGTON
Islington's Local List
Link to local organizations
ISLINGTON'S LOCAL LIST
The Islington Society has completed its revision of the Islington Register of Locally Listed Buildings and Locally Significant Shopfronts, which had become out of date. This process was begun in 2016 by a group of volunteers, coordinated by The Building Exploratory, and partly funded by Heritage England. Building Exploratory was closed by its trustees in 2019, before the relisting project was completed, so the Islington Society took on the task of finishing it.
This has been a substantial project. There are more than 1600 locally listed buildings and shopfronts and some of the original listings date back to the 1970s and 1980s. Buildings have been demolished and altered, though the great majority have been well cared for and are in good condition. Each has been surveyed and most of them photographed, though the pictorial record is not yet complete.
The Islington Society submitted its draft revision to Islington Council for review and adoption earlier this year. In the meanwhile the Society has taken the decision to make its review more widely available through its website. We also include the April 2010 published version of the original list, which allows comparison with the Society's proposed revisions.
The main addition in the Islington Society document is a "Statement of Significance" for each building or group of buildings. These are the work of the project's volunteers and its editor, and reflect their own views and research. They do not necessarily reflect the views of the Council. Also, the spreadsheets offered here are only the most important sections of the project. Sources and references have not been included, nor have the names of the volunteers. The Society is grateful to them all for the work they have done and to Nicole Crockett and Katie Russell of The Building Exploratory for making it all possible.
Andrew Clayton
Islington Society Local List
The Islington Society
c/o Resource for London
356 Holloway Road, London
N7 6PA, (postal address only)
info@islingtonsociety.org.uk
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Holly Watt is a French photographer born in 1966. She spent her childhood in Berlin. She currently lives in Versailles.
At age 16, she bought her first film camera and started a journey across 5 continents which lasted several years. In the midst of the punk era she continued her formation in photography on the concert scene, having Pierre Terrasson as mentor.
A few years later, she joined the famous school of visual communication; Gobelins School of the Image in Paris, to become familiar with digital techniques. She is passionate about large format cameras. Gifted with great sensibility, Holly likes evoking emotion at the eyes of others.
A Commedian as well, Holly loves the stage. She finds inspiration all around her, because as she always says, our planet and our environment is full of works of art. Holly Watt opens her eyes and immortalize all this with her camera.
Unfortunately, there are currently no available works by Holly Watt.
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Cynical pandering to media-fomented hatred of politicians
The Dexter Government's decision to make a retroactive grab for disgraced MLA Trevor Zinck's pension should not pass without comment. It is a cynical exercise in pre-election pandering to public hatred of politicians. The pandering ploy reflects badly on the government as a whole, but especially on the lawyers among its ranks, including Darrell Dexter and Graham Steele, both of whom certainly know better. The courts should be left to deal with Mr. Zinck according to the evidence as it may be adduced at trial, and the law as it existed at the time his of alleged crimes and misdemeanors. His...
The shuffle: big losses; missed opportunities
Wednesday's smoothly orchestrated cabinet shuffle could not hide the central fact of the event: It is a big loss for the Dexter Government. Graham Steele has been the strongest member of Darrell Dexter's cabinet, turning in a sterling job at Finance while displaying a rare knack for speaking plainly, persuasively, and with conviction. Bill Estabrooks's departure likewise represents a big loss. He was the cabinet minister with the commonest touch, a popular, unpretentious man who did solid work putting systems in place for rational decision-making about road work. The province's roadbuilding oligopoly was apoplectic over Estabrooks's decision to set up a civil service...
The continuing education of Christine McCulloch, among others
Early last month, Contrarian revealed that Nova Scotia's Chief Electoral Officer had deliberately made her latest report of political donations harder to use by publishing them in an image-based PDF format whose text could neither be searched nor copied and pasted into another document. With help from hacker-readers, Contrarian republished the data in the searchable, text-grab-friendly format McCulloch used for previous years' reports. I'm not done with this topic. Several generous readers have converted the open PDF file we published into an Excel database file, thus enabling much broader use of the interesting political data it contains. I will post that Excel CSV...
Ei incumbit probatio qui dicit, non qui negat
I don't know which is more disturbing: The NDP Government's success in persuading a Supreme Court justice to impose a $5,725 fine on a man found innocent of the crime with which he had been charged; or Finance Minister Graham Steele's crowing about this 'victory" in a news release. [caption id="attachment_8539" align="alignright" width="300" caption="Acting Justice Minister Graham Steele [not exactly as illustrated"]"][/caption]CBRM's finest didn't have the goods on John Joseph Reynolds.They raided his Sydney Mines apartment last February, seized a bit of pot and and some hidden cash, but they couldn't prove he was selling marijuana, and they knew it. So they withdrew...
22 September, 2011 / 0 Comments
Presumption of innocence: a primer for Nova Scotia's NDP
Back on the last day of June, CBC Radio's Information Morning program put Justice Minister Ross Landry on the hot seat for the Dexter Government's embrace of the Civil Forfeiture Act, a right-wing scheme to short-circuit the presumption of innocence. More accurately, the program's listers put him on the hot seat. The act lets cops seize property from suspects as long as they can convince a court the assets probably came from criminal activity. No proof needed. Just probability. As a standard of justice, it's more Queen of Hearts ("First the verdict; then the trial") than Justice Blackstone ("Better ten guilty...
15 August, 2011 / 0 Comments
The strange case of the NDP vs. the AG – ctd.
Graham Steele and I had a further email exchange. I suggested he had not answered the question at the heart of my original query: Why didn't you (or, if you wish, why didn't [Cabinet Clerk Greg] Keefe) simply waive solicitor client privilege in these cases? [caption id="attachment_5552" align="alignright" width="250" caption="Canny Mandarins"][/caption] I added: A second question that I didn't ask, but which still hovers over this: Is this a sign that the NDP government, with its very small cabinet, is falling prey to a classic malady of new governments, especially new governments whose ministers have no experience in government: that of being unduly led...
The strange case of the NDP vs. the AG
At first blush, Auditor General Jacques Lapointe's refusal to issue an audit opinion on the province's two largest business loan funds looks like another in the lengthening string of Dexter Government screw-ups. This is the NDP, for heaven's sake, perennial champions of openness and accountability, withholding 281 documents and redacting a further 32 on grounds of cabinet confidentiality and solicitor-client privilege, thereby thwarting independent scrutiny of the corporate welfare trough they once scorned. Solicitor-client privilege protects communications between a lawyer and a client from being disclosed without the permission of the client. It binds the lawyer, not the client. In the...
NDP dissembling – reader feedback
Contrarian reader Cliff White, who perches somewhere to the left of our new blue NDP government, responds to our complaints about the Dexter/Steele spin on their foregone fiscal promises: Enough with the self righteousness already. Of course they have to take responsibility for, and be brought to task for, their broken promises and misleading statements. On the other hand, dismissing them offhand and branding them all as liars, as some readers have, is not helpful. Lets face it: they didn't get into this predicament on their own. There are, for instance, the unelected workers and volunteers who craft strategies and policy statements...
Deficits, lies, and audio tape
CBC Cape Breton's Information Morning host Steve Sutherland did a deft job Tuesday Morning holding Finance Minister Graham Steele's feet to the fire on the NDP's no-deficit, no-tax-hikes, no-program-cuts campaign pledge. Steele had a well-rehearsed answer, including a far-fetched analogy about a family doctor whose honest diagnosis gets overruled by four specialists, but Sutherland was politely persistent. He pressed Steele twice more to explain the glib falsehoods at the core of the NDP's spring election platform. "The fact is that we were acting on the best information we had at the time," Steele said. "The fact is that now we are in...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Wind Down, Wise Up
Yes, vacation is for relaxation. But at these four amazing destinations, learning something new will undoubtedly add to your adventure.
Posted by: Xanterra on October 5, 2020
Hayley Watkins has her toes in the sand as the sun rises above the Georgia coast every morning. The 26-year-old wildlife biologist and aquatic scientist gets to work immediately, riding a golf cart along Sea Island's five-mile stretch of white sand beach on the hunt for sea turtle nests.
On any given morning, Watkins will stop at one of the nests to collect a DNA sample. Then she'll stop to see if she can move an ill-placed nest ever so gently to keep predators away. On a lucky day, she'll measure the GPS coordinates of a nest and then get to watch as the loggerhead sea turtle eggs start to hatch. "That's always a highlight," she says.
The sea turtle research Watkins is collecting is state and federally funded—part of a conservation effort to save this endangered species. But here's the best part: Watkins and the team of marine biologists at the Sea Island Resort's Nature Center take up to 10 guests with them on their research patrol every morning, giving vacationers a chance to learn about the work these scientists do and how it contributes to wildlife conservation as a whole.
"It's so special to see guests of all ages—everyone from little kids to grandparents—watch us do this important research," Watkins says. "When I overhear kids saying to their parents, 'I'm going to be a marine biologist when I grow up,' those moments are the real highlights."
Of course, getting an education in sea turtle conservation isn't the only kind of learning you can do on vacation. Here are four options to consider for your next great adventure.
Love Heights in Canada
Conquer your fear of heights on the Capilano Suspension Bridge, high above towering evergreens and cedar-scented rainforest. You'll be able to practice your newfound love of taking views in from the top as you walk across one (or more!) of the seven suspended footbridges, which offer views from 110 feet above the forest floor. Don't miss the new Cliffwalk, which follows a granite precipice along the Capilano River, with a labyrinth-like series of narrow cantilevered bridges, stairs, and platforms—and only 16 anchor points in the cliff supporting the structure.
Learn more at HolidayVacations.com
Kayak in Alaska
With its extraordinary beauty and abundant wildlife, Alaska is high on many travelers' bucket lists—and a cruise is one of the best ways to visit our 50th state. If you want to witness the grandeur of Alaska's scenery, one of Windstar Cruises' kayak tours is a must. As part of its Signature Expeditions program, you'll take off directly from the ship to explore Alaska's wild coastlines at water level with guides who sail with the ship during the entire trip. This gives you a more intimate view, says Simon Hook, a naturalist and kayak guide with Windstar. "The places we go and scenery we see from kayaks are the gems of your itinerary, and you can really soak in the grandeur of the glaciers and national parks when you're kayaking," Hook says. "The waterfalls are spectacular as they cascade down the mountains. And you'll have a new appreciation of the wildlife—coastal mountain goats, seabirds, harbor seals, and even the occasional bear—from your kayak." You'll learn to paddle with two expert guides as you navigate one iceberg and calving glacier after another. This program is available in the Kenai Fjords, Misty Fjords, College Fjord, or Tracy Arm/Endicott Arm Fjords on three different Alaska itineraries with Windstar.
Learn more at WindstarCruises.com
Cook at The Broadmoor, Colorado
The Broadmoor is dining nirvana for foodies, with its outstanding restaurants and cafés (including Colorado's only Forbes Five Star, AAA Five Diamond restaurant, Penrose Room). So it's no surprise that guests flock to cooking classes led by the resort's chefs. Executive Chef David Patterson loves seeing guests get so excited about his craft.
"They are inquisitive about the process and where ingredients come from," he says. "Years ago it was only about the finished product. Now it's about the process." Chocoholics can indulge in a chocolate-making class with world-class chocolatier Adam Thomas at Café Julie's. Thomas leads a hands-on class in making truffles or bonbons, while weaving in the history of chocolate and how it's processed. Sushi lovers can learn the basics, such as how to cook rice, how to cut fish, and how to make sushi rolls. "And, yes, there's plenty of tasting throughout," Patterson says.
Learn more at Broadmoor.com
Marine Biology at Sea Island, Georgia
Ever wish you knew more about the beautiful sea life you witness when scuba diving or snorkeling? Or are you excited about the prospect of going on a beach getaway where you can watch marine biologists work to collect DNA samples from sea turtle nests? It's all possible at the Forbes Five Star Sea Island resort, which offers a robust education program at its Nature Center.
In addition to learning about sea turtles, you can go birding, fishing, shelling, and even tour Sea Island on a bike to learn about the different ecosystems. "When guests learn about the wildlife here and how important conservation efforts are to the well-being of these animals and ecosystems, they take those lessons home with them and start doing a little more to take care of the environment around them," wildlife biologist Hayley Watkins says. "What you learn when you're here may seem pretty specific—but it has the potential to have a much wider-reaching impact.
Learn more at SeaIsland.com
Ready to learn more about the exciting travel experiences available from Xanterra Parks & Resorts and its affiliated properties? Check out the latest digital issue of Explore Magazine.


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Jorge's Preferential Option for Apostasy
Although Jorge Mario Bergoglio, the pestilential little apostate from Argentina, has repeated himself so much over the course of the past nearly fifty months (his fiftieth month anniversary will occur on the one hundredth year anniversary of Our Lady's first apparition in the Cova da Iria near Fatima, Portugal, to Jacinta and Francisco Marto and their cousin, Luica dos Santos), there are times when it is appropriate to offer a few words about his sickening efforts to castigate those who try, despite their own sins and failings, to adhere to the entirety of the Sacred Deposit of Faith.
As I have noted on other occasions recently, I do not believe that it is a productive use of my own time to comment on everything that Bergoglio says and he is only saying and doing what he has done his entire career as a lay member of the Society of Jesus in its revolutionary captivity. Indeed, it is nothing other than dizzyingly mind-numbing to see how frequently this agent of Antichrist repeats himself in an obsessive manner about his favorite strawmen, namely, faithful, believing Catholics.
Nevertheless, however, Jorge Mario Bergoglio's trip to Egypt, which began on Friday, April 28, 2017, the Feast of Saint Paul of the Cross and the Commemoration of Saint Vitalis and, in some places, the Commemoration of the Feast of Saint Louis Grignion de Montfort, and ended on Saturday, April 29, 2017, the Feast of Saint Peter of Verona, provides me with an opportunity to comment on what he did not say while in the land that was sanctified by Our Blessed Lord and Saviour's physical presence for seven years after his foster-father, Saint Joseph, was directed by Saint Gabriel the Archangel to take the Holy Family into Egypt to flee from the ravages of King Herod the Great.
Sure, the false "pontiff" gave a series of speeches emphasizing "dialogue" and "encounter" when addressing the heretical and schismatic Coptic sect, with whose "pope," Tawadros II, he issued yet another "joint declarations" that professed, among other conciliar heresies, a "common baptism," and when addressing the civil authorities and Mohammedan religious figures, seminarians and in his "homily" at a staging of the Protestant and Judeo-Masonic Novus Ordo liturgical service. Each of his addresses could provide fodder for lots of commentary. At this point, however, there is really nothing new or terribly earthshaking about the kind of heretical drivel that characterized the "Petrine Ministry" of Karol Josef Wojtyla/John Paul II as Bergoglio's remarks were boilerplate Judeo-Masonic indifferentism that had nothing to do with the Catholic Faith.
What is very fascinating, at least to me, is that the diabolically profane Argentine, who is prone to fits of rage against his "rigid" enemies (see Call Me Jorge), made absolute no reference of his own volition to any of the great saints of Egypt.
Oh, yes, that were passing references to Saint Athanasius, whom the Copts venerate, and to Saint Antony of the Desert, the first monk, in the "common declaration" that Jorge issued with Tawadros. However, such declarations are the work of the ecumaniacs within his false religion's offices of ecumanianism. Other than that, however, there were no references to Egypt's glorious Catholic past.
As noted earlier, this is most interesting as Egypt is a land that was blessed by the very presence of the Second Person of the Most Blessed Trinity made Man in His Most Blessed Mother's Virginal and Immaculate Womb, Our Blessed Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, during the time that the Holy Family had taken flight into Egypt. Saint Joseph, the Patron of the Universal Church and the Protector of the Faithful, found refuge for his Most Chaste Spouse and his Divine foster-Child in Egypt. He toiled as a carpenter in Egypt. He learned the ways of the Egyptians. This was all done to fulfill the words of Sacred Scripture as Our Lord, the New Moses, was called out of Egypt to the Promised Land that Moses was permitted to see but not permitted to enter prior to his death. Our Lord returned to the Promised Land of the Patriarchs and Prophets to redeem us so that we could have the opportunity to be partakers of the true and eternal Promised Land that is Heaven itself. Egypt is much favored by Our Lord and His Most Blessed Mother and His foster-father, Saint Joseph. Much favored.
Mystics have written about how the very presence of Our Blessed Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ in Egypt predisposed this country to produce such great saints, some of whom suffered at the hands of pagans, in such a short space of time after His Resurrection and Ascension into Heaven and the beginning of the missionary work of Holy Mother Church following the descent of the Third Person of the Most Blessed Trinity, God the Holy Ghost, upon the Apostles and Our Lady and the others who were gathered in the same Upper Room in Jerusalem where He had instituted the Holy Eucharist and the Holy Priesthood at the Last Supper fifty-three days before.
Egypt is the land of Saints Antony of the Desert and Saint Paul the Hermit, who was buried in a tunic that had been worn by Saint Athanasius and who was visited when he was 113 years old by the great son of Dalmatia, Saint Jerome, and Saint Paul the Simple and Saints Chrysanthus and Daria and Saint Dorothy and Saint Maurice and his companions of the Thebian Legion, Saint Vitalis, Saint Mary of Egypt, who was a great penitent, Saint Cyril of Alexandria, who defended the Divine Maternity of Our Lady at the Council of Ephesus in the year 431 A.D., the courageous Saint Catherine of Alexandria and, among so many others, Saint Peter of Alexandria, who opposed heresy with his very life:
Saint Peter of Alexandria, whose feast is commemorated today, the Feast of Saint Sylvester the Abbot, suffered much from the civil authorities during of Roman Empire.Emperor Diocletian. He suffered more at the hands of the Arians because of his absolute refusal to receive anyone associated with Arius into communion with the Catholic Church:
This Peter succeeded that eminent Saint, Theonas, as Pope of Alexandria, (in the year of our Lord 300,) and the glory of his holiness and teaching hath enlightened not Egypt only, but the whole Church of God. The wondrous patience wherewith he bore the roughness of the times in the persecution under Maximian Galerius caused many greatly to increase in Christian graces. He was the first who cut off Arius, then a Deacon of Alexandria, from the Communion of the faithful, on account of his leaning to the Meletian schism. He was condemned to death by Maximian, and was in prison when there came to him the two Priests Achilles and Alexander to plead for Arius, but Peter told them that Jesus had appeared to him in the night clad in a rent garment, and when he asked what was thereby signified, had said unto him Arius hath torn My vesture, which is the Church. Also, he foretold to them that they should be Popes of Alexandria after him, and strictly commanded them never to receive Arius into Communion, because he knew him to be dead in the sight of God. That this was a true prophecy the event did shortly prove. At length, in the twelfth year of his Popedom, upon the 26th day of November, in the year of salvation 311, his head was cut off, and he went hence to receive the crown of his testimony. (Matins, the Divine Office, November 26.)
Egypt was a land suffused with Catholicism. This is why the devil struck at the heart of this country by means of those who belonged to the false religion known as Mohammedanism in the Seventh Century Anno Domini, and it is this Mohammedan invasion of Egypt that is responsible for the chaos there today as Catholicism is but the one and only foundation of personal and social order. The remote cause of the distress being visited upon Egypt now, which certainly has many and sundry proximate causes, to be sure, is the replacement of Catholicism by Mohammedanism as the driving force in Egypt, and no number of Bergoglio's calls for "dialogue" and no signs of can ever can change that reality.
Jorge Mario Bergoglio chooses not to make any reference to the lives of the Egyptian saints as they stand as eternal rebukes to him for the way he mocks the Holy Faith and castigates those who understand that one must adhere to everything that is contained in the Sacred Deposit of Faith without any kind of exception, qualification or reservation. Men such as Jorge Mario Bergoglio are as dead in the sight of God as was Arius as he, Bergoglio, does the bidding of Antichrist just as much as Arius.
Consider what the false "pontiff" said on April 24, 2017, on the Feast of Saint Fidelis of Sigmaringen about Catholics who believe everything that Holy Mother Church teaches:
"Our Creed does not say, 'I have to do this, I have to do that, I have to do something else, or that some things are for these ends.' No! They are concrete things. [This is] the concreteness of the faith that leads to frankness, to bearing witness even to the point of martyrdom, which is against compromises or the idealization of the faith."
At times, the Holy Father suggested, even the Church has fallen into "a theology of 'yes you can,' 'no you can't."
No Rigidity, Nor Faltering
Recalling that for these doctors of the law, the Word "was not made flesh, but "made law: and you must do this up to this point, and no further," "you must do this, and nothing else," he warned: "And so they were imprisoned in this rationalistic mentality, which did not end with them."
This mentality, he cautioned, "forgot the strength, the liberty of the Spirit, this rebirth of the Spirit that gives you liberty, the frankness of preaching, the proclamation that Jesus Christ is Lord."
The Lord, Francis underscored, gives us the Spirit in order to proclaim the Gospel without rigidity.
Pope Francis concluded, praying: "May the Lord grand to all of us this paschal Spirit, of going forward along the path of the Spirit without compromises, without rigidity, with the liberty of proclaiming Jesus Christ as He Who has come: in the flesh." (Jorge Wants Concrete Faith, Not Ideology.)
It is interesting to note that the Argentine Apostate made no reference to Saint Fidelis of Sigmarigen in his "homily" on April 24, 2017. He did not have to do so as this great martyr and witness against false ecumenism had his feast downgraded to that of an "optional memorial" in the calendar of the Protestant and Judeo-Masonic Novus Ordo liturgical service. Jorge simply "opted" to ignore Saint Fidelis as he has a preferential option for apostasy. He considers the doctine of Holy Mother Church to be "ideology." He is tool of the devil.
The false "pontiff" has great zeal for the propagation of error. Indeed, he is singularly possessed in this regard, and his constant use of profanity and fits of rage may be indications of the sort of diabolical activity within his soul which may very well be actual demonic possession.
No true Successor of Saint Peter has ever spoken in such a manner as to dismiss the binding force of the Ten Commandments as they have been entrusted by Our Lord to His Holy Church for their eternal safekeeping and infallible explication.
No true Successor of Saint Peter has ever called adherence to the Catholic Faith as "rigid" or dared to have blasphemed the Third Person of the Most Blessed Trinity, God the Holy Ghost, by teaching that He is nothing other than an amorphous wind of endless change, uncertainty and instability. Bergoglio's rants against mythical strawmen during his Ding Dong School of Apostasy at the Casa Santa Marta are endless. Endless.
Bergoglio's rant of April 24, 2017, is very similar to one he gave at the Casa Santa Marta on June 9, 2016:
Taking his cue from Jesus' warning to his disciples that unless their righteousness surpasses that of the scribes and Pharisees they will not enter into the Kingdom of Heaven, Pope Francis stressed the importance of Christian realism. Jesus, he said, asks us to go beyond the laws and love God and neighbour, stressing that whoever is angry with their brother will be liable to judgement.
Insulting our brother is like giving a slap to his soul
The Pope said we have "a very creative vocabulary for insulting others" but stressed that such insults are a sin and are akin to killing because they are giving a slap to our brother's soul and to his dignity. Noting the presence of several children at the Mass, Pope Francis urged them to stay calm, saying the preaching of a child in a church is much more beautiful than that of a priest, bishop or of the Pope.
A Churchman who does the opposite of what he preaches is a scandal
Jesus, said the Pope, urged his confused people to look beyond and go forward. But at the same time, Christ warned about the harm caused to the people of God by Christians who do not follow their own teachings.
"How many times do we in the Church hear these things: how many times! 'But that priest, that man or that woman from the Catholic Action, that bishop, or that Pope tell us we must do this this way!' and then they do the opposite. This is the scandal that wounds the people and prevents the people of God from growing and going forward. It doesn't free them. In addition, these people had seen the rigidity of those scribes and Pharisees and when a prophet came to give them a bit of joy, they (the scribes and Pharisees) persecuted them and even murdered them; there was no place for prophets there. And Jesus said to them, to the Pharisees: 'you have killed the prophets, you have persecuted the prophets: those who were bringing fresh air.'"
Follow the healthy realism of the Church: No to idealism and rigidity
Pope Francis urged his listeners to recall how Jesus's request for generosity and holiness is all about going forward and always looking out beyond ourselves. This, he explained, frees us from the rigidity of the laws and from an idealism that harms us. Jesus knows only too well our nature, said the Pope, and asks us to seek reconciliation whenever we have quarrelled with somebody. He also teaches us a healthy realism, saying there are so many times "we can't be perfect" but "do what you can do and settle your disagreements."
"This (is the) healthy realism of the Catholic Church: the Church never teaches us 'or this or that.' That is not Catholic. The Church says to us: 'this and that.' 'Strive for perfectionism: reconcile with your brother. Do not insult him. Love him. And if there is a problem, at the very least settle your differences so that war doesn't break out.' This (is) the healthy realism of Catholicism. It is not Catholic (to say) 'or this or nothing:' This is not Catholic, this is heretical. Jesus always knows how to accompany us, he gives us the ideal, he accompanies us towards the ideal, He frees us from the chains of the laws' rigidity and tells us: 'But do that up to the point that you are capable.' And he understands us very well. He is our Lord and this is what he teaches us."
Reconciling amongst ourselves is the tiny sanctity of negotiation
Pope Francis concluded his homily by reminding how Jesus exhorted us to avoid hypocrisy and do what we can and at the very least avoid disputes amongst ourselves by coming to an agreement.
"And allow me to use this word that seems a bit strange: it's the tiny sanctity of negotiations. 'So, I can't do everything but I want to do everything, therefore I reach an agreement with you, at least we don't trade insults, we don't wage a war and we can all live in peace.' Jesus is a great person! He frees us from all our miseries and also from that idealism which is not Catholic. Let us implore our Lord to teach us, first to escape from all rigidity but also to go out beyond ourselves, so we can adore and praise God who teaches us to be reconciled amongst ourselves and who also teaches us to reach an agreement up to the point that we are able to do so." (See Those who say "this or nothing" are heretics not Catholics.)
Holy Mother Church, however, does teach "do this, not that" and "this or nothing":
With reference to its object, faith cannot be greater for some truths than for others. Nor can it be less with regard to the number of truths to be believed. For we must all believe the very same thing, both as to the object of faith as well as to the number of truths. All are equal in this because everyone must believe all the truths of faith--both those which God Himself has directly revealed, as well as those he has revealed through His Church. Thus, I must believe as much as you and you as much as I, and all other Christians similarly. He who does not believe all these mysteries is not Catholic and therefore will never enter Paradise. (Saint Francis de Sales, The Sermons of Saint Francis de Sales for Lent Given in 1622, republished by TAN Books and Publishers for the Visitation Monastery of Frederick, Maryland, in 1987, pp. 34-37.)
The Church, founded on these principles and mindful of her office, has done nothing with greater zeal and endeavour than she has displayed in guarding the integrity of the faith. Hence she regarded as rebels and expelled from the ranks of her children all who held beliefs on any point of doctrine different from her own. The Arians, the Montanists, the Novatians, the Quartodecimans, the Eutychians, did not certainly reject all Catholic doctrine:they abandoned only a certain portion of it. Still who does not know that they were declared heretics and banished from the bosom of the Church? In like manner were condemned all authors of heretical tenets who followed them in subsequent ages. "There can be nothing more dangerous than those heretics who admit nearly the whole cycle of doctrine, and yet by one word, as with a drop of poison, infect the real and simple faith taught by our Lord and handed down by Apostolic tradition" (Auctor Tract. de Fide Orthodoxa contra Arianos).
The practice of the Church has always been the same, as is shown by the unanimous teaching of the Fathers, who were wont to hold as outside Catholic communion, and alien to the Church, whoever would recede in the least degree from any point of doctrine proposed by her authoritative Magisterium. Epiphanius, Augustine, Theodore :, drew up a long list of the heresies of their times. St. Augustine notes that other heresies may spring up, to a single one of which, should any one give his assent, he is by the very fact cut off from Catholic unity. "No one who merely disbelieves in all (these heresies) can for that reason regard himself as a Catholic or call himself one. For there may be or may arise some other heresies, which are not set out in this work of ours, and, if any one holds to one single one of these he is not a Catholic" (S. Augustinus, De Haeresibus, n. 88). (Pope Leo XIII, Satis Cognitum, June 29, 1896.)
No, "partial credit" does not cut it to retain one's membership in good standing within the maternal bosom of Holy Mother Church:
Such is the nature of Catholicism that it does not admit of more or less, but must be held as a whole or as a whole rejected: 'This is the Catholic Faith, which unless a man believe faithfully and firmly, he cannot be saved' (Athanasian Creed). There is no need of adding any qualifying terms to the profession of Catholicism: it is quite enough for each one to proclaim 'Christian is my name and Catholic my surname,' only let him endeavor to be in reality what he calls himself.
Besides, the Church demands from those who have devoted themselves to furthering her interests, something very different from the dwelling upon profitless questions; she demands that they should devote the whole of their energy to preserve the faith intact and unsullied by any breath of error, and follow most closely him whom Christ has appointed to be the guardian and interpreter of the truth. There are to be found today, and in no small numbers, men, of whom the Apostle says that: "having itching ears, they will not endure sound doctrine: but according to their own desires they will heap up to themselves teachers, and will indeed turn away their hearing from the truth, but will be turned unto fables" (II Tim. iv. 34). Infatuated and carried away by a lofty idea of the human intellect, by which God's good gift has certainly made incredible progress in the study of nature, confident in their own judgment, and contemptuous of the authority of the Church, they have reached such a degree of rashness as not to hesitate to measure by the standard of their own mind even the hidden things of God and all that God has revealed to men. Hence arose the monstrous errors of "Modernism," which Our Predecessor rightly declared to be "the synthesis of all heresies," and solemnly condemned. We hereby renew that condemnation in all its fulness, Venerable Brethren, and as the plague is not yet entirely stamped out, but lurks here and there in hidden places, We exhort all to be carefully here and there in hidden places, We exhort all to be carefully on their guard against any contagion of the evil, to which we may apply the words Job used in other circumstances: "It is a fire that devoureth even to destruction, and rooteth up all things that spring" (Job xxxi. 12). Nor do We merely desire that Catholics should shrink from the errors of Modernism, but also from the tendencies or what is called the spirit of Modernism. Those who are infected by that spirit develop a keen dislike for all that savours of antiquity and become eager searchers after novelties in everything: in the way in which they carry out religious functions, in the ruling of Catholic institutions, and even in private exercises of piety. Therefore it is Our will that the law of our forefathers should still be held sacred: "Let there be no innovation; keep to what has been handed down." In matters of faith that must be inviolably adhered to as the law; it may however also serve as a guide even in matters subject to change, but even in such cases the rule would hold: "Old things, but in a new way." (Pope Benedict XV, Ad Beatissimi Apostolorum, November 1, 1914.)
Pope Pius XI, writing in Mortalium Animos, January 6, 1928, also rejected any notion of a distinction between "fundamental" and allegedly "non-fundamental" doctrines of the Catholic Faith:
Besides this, in connection with things which must be believed, it is nowise licit to use that distinction which some have seen fit to introduce between those articles of faith which are fundamental and those which are not fundamental, as they say, as if the former are to be accepted by all, while the latter may be left to the free assent of the faithful: for the supernatural virtue of faith has a formal cause, namely the authority of God revealing, and this is patient of no such distinction. For this reason it is that all who are truly Christ's believe, for example, the Conception of the Mother of God without stain of original sin with the same faith as they believe the mystery of the August Trinity, and the Incarnation of our Lord just as they do the infallible teaching authority of the Roman Pontiff, according to the sense in which it was defined by the Ecumenical Council of the Vatican. Are these truths not equally certain, or not equally to be believed, because the Church has solemnly sanctioned and defined them, some in one age and some in another, even in those times immediately before our own? Has not God revealed them all? For the teaching authority of the Church, which in the divine wisdom was constituted on earth in order that revealed doctrines might remain intact for ever, and that they might be brought with ease and security to the knowledge of men, and which is daily exercised through the Roman Pontiff and the Bishops who are in communion with him, has also the office of defining, when it sees fit, any truth with solemn rites and decrees, whenever this is necessary either to oppose the errors or the attacks of heretics, or more clearly and in greater detail to stamp the minds of the faithful with the articles of sacred doctrine which have been explained. But in the use of this extraordinary teaching authority no newly invented matter is brought in, nor is anything new added to the number of those truths which are at least implicitly contained in the deposit of Revelation, divinely handed down to the Church: only those which are made clear which perhaps may still seem obscure to some, or that which some have previously called into question is declared to be of faith. (Pope Pius XI, Mortalium Animos, January 6, 1928.)
"Pope Francis" is not the "pope" as it is impossible for a Catholic to adhere to his teaching without defecting from the Catholic Faith as he did in his youth in Argentina.
Yes, it is all or nothing with Catholicism.
It is black and white.
It is yea or nay.
It is "this" or "that."
It is truth or error.
It is Christ or chaos.
Although the context of Bergoglio's screed nearly eleven months ago had to do with reconciling to one's brother before approaching the altar if a dispute has arisen, only those who have their heads in the sand coul fail to have seen that he was attacking his critics, especially those of his "bishops" who are opposed to Amoris Laetitia, who see his teaching on the Sacrament of Holy Marriage as Protestant and naturalistic. He is intent on eliminating all "episcopal" opposition to his blaspheming agenda of apostasy and heresy.
Yes, the man who claims to be "merciful" is very ruthless when it comes to his critics.
This is why "Pope Francis" used his preferential option for apostasy to heap praise on the heretical and schismatic Coptic Church in Egypt and their own "pope," Tawandras II, while saying not a word out of his own mouth about Saint Athanasius, the great foe of Arianism, while in Egypt a week ago, a silence that extended even on the Feast of Saint Athanasius, Tuesday, May 2, 2017, which is an "obligatory memorial" in the Protestant and Novus Ordo liturgical calendar:
(Vatican Radio) "The Lord softens those with hard hearts, those who condemn all who are outside the law." This was the message of Pope Francis homily, during Tuesday's Mass in the Vatican's Santa Marta residence. He said that those who are hard hearted do not know the tenderness of God and his ability to remove hearts of stone and replace them with hearts of flesh.
Beginning with the first reading, in which St Stephen was stoned to death by the temple authorities in Jerusalem, the Pope reflected on the witness of Christian obedience. He said that those who stoned Stephen to death did not understand the word of God. Stephen had called them "circumcised of heart," which was the equivalent of calling someone a pagan.
According the Pope, there are different ways of not understanding the word of God. For example, when Jesus had met the two disciples on the road to Emmaus, he had called them "fools." This was not an expression of praise, but it was also not a strong word either, unlike Stephen's expression.
"They did not understand, they were afraid, because they did not want problems, they had fear, but they were good men, open to the truth" said the Pope.
"And when Jesus rebuked them, they let his words enter them and their hearts burned within them, whilst those who stoned Stephen were furious and did not want to listen!" This, according to the Pope, is the drama of the closed hearted.
Turning to Psalm 94, the Lord admonished his people not to harden their hearts. Then Pope Francis said, the prophet Ezekiel makes a "beautiful promise" to change the heart of stone into a heart of flesh, a heart that knows how to listen and receive the witness of obedience.
"This causes suffering in the Church. The closed hearts, the hearts of stone, the hearts which do not want to be open, do not want to hear, the hearts which only know the language of condemnation. They know how to condemn, they do not know how to say 'Explain it to me, why do you say this? Why this? Explain it to me.' No, they are closed. That's all they know. They have no need of explanations," said Pope Francis.
The rebuke that Jesus speaks of also led to the killing of the prophets, "because they spoke to you what you did not want to hear. A closed heart cannot let the Holy Spirit enter in."
Pope Francis said "There was no place in their hearts for the Holy Spirit. In fact, the letter today speaks of how Stephen was filled with the Holy Spirit, he had understood everything, he was a witness to the obedience of the word made flesh, and this was done by the Holy Spirit. He was filled. A closed heart, a hardened heart, a pagan heart doesn't let the spirit in and feels himself in himself"
According to the Pope, the disciples on the road to Emmaus represent us, "with our many doubts, many sins. Many times we want to move away from the Cross, from the truth, but let us make space to hear Jesus, who makes our hearts burn. The other group, who are closed in the rigidity of the law, who do not want to hear Jesus, are saying worse things than Stephen did."
The Pope concluded with a reflection on the meeting between Jesus and the woman caught in adultery. He said that every one of us enters into a dialogue between Jesus and the victim of the hearts of stone, the adulteress. And to those who want to stone her, Jesus says "Look within yourselves:"
"Today, we look at the tenderness of Jesus, the witness of obedience, that great witness, Jesus, who has given life, which makes us look for the tenderness of God, confronting us, our sins, our weaknesses. Let us enter this dialogue and let us call for the grace of the Lord which softens the rigid hearts of those people who are always closed in the law and condemn all who are outside the law. They do not know that the word became flesh, that the word is a witness to obedience. They do not know the tenderness of God and his ability to take out the heart of stone and replace it with a heart of flesh." (May 2, 2017, Ding Dong School of Apostasy Screed: Athanasius Who?)
To adhere to the totality of the Deposit of Faith as Our Lord has entrusted exclusively to His Catholic Church, she who is His spotless, virginal mystical spouse born of the Blood and Water that gushed forth from His Wounded Side after Saint Longinus had pierced It following His death on the wood of the Holy Cross on Good Friday, is not be "closed" or "rigid." It is to be faithful to the true God of Divine Revelation, the Most Blesse Trinity.
To condemn the promotion of sin under the cover of law and/or to exhort non-Catholics to convert to the true Church, outside of which there is no salvation and without which there can be no true social order, is not to condemn individual sinners. Catholics have a duty to call to correction, which Saint Paul summarized as follows in His Epistle to Saint Timothy:
This is all an inversion, to use an insight provided us in 2005 by Monsignor Raymond Ruscito as we dined with him in Kingsburg, California. That is, everything is upside down. The conciliar revolutionaries preach a falsified gospel, which they mask by using every Modernist and Sillonist trick imaginable. Bergoglio is simply preaching this falsified gospel more boldly and with a clarity that clouded the reality of Karol Josef Wojtyla/John Paul II's own apostasies to many of us who were eager for Catholic truth after the death of Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria/Paul the Sick on August 6, 1978. This is a blindness that still afflicts those who cannot see that Joseph Alois Ratzinger/Benedict is an egregious apostate who has made war aggressively upon the nature of dogmatic truth, which is nothing other than direct warfare against God Himself. It is, to cite the words of a very anti-sedevacantist layman, a "war against being."
Yet it is that it was an Egyptian saint, one who was a bishop and is a doctor of Holy Mother Church, Saint Athanasius, whose very life and work was "yes and no," "black and white," "this and not that." This is why Bergoglio did not say anything other than to sign a "common declaration" with the Coptic Tawandras II that mentioned the historical importance of Saint Athansius. It is impossible for Jorge to praise a bishop who condemned heresy and who was not in the least bit interested in "encountering" heretics in order to better understand their Arian beliefs as the "fruit" of "dialogue" without proselytism.
The great Bishop of Alexandria, Saint Athanasius, never made any compromises with truth as he cared about pleasing God, not about pleasing men by reaffirming them in their falsehoods about God nor reaffirming them in their own sins:
The Court of our divine King, during his grandest of seasons, is brilliant beyond measure; and to-day, it is gladdened by the arrival of one of the most glorious champions of the world of truth for his holy cause. Among the guardians of the word of truth, confided by Jesus to the earth, is there one more faithful than Athanasius? Does not his very name remind us of dauntless courage in the defense of the sacred deposit, of heroic firmness and patience in suffering, of learning, of talent, of eloquence–in a word, of everything that goes to from a Saint, a Bishop, and a Doctor of the Church? Athanasius lived for the Son of God; the cause of the Son of God was that of Athanasius; he who blessed Athanasius, blessed the eternal Word; and he who insulted Athanasius insulted the eternal Word.
Never did our holy faith go through a greater ordeal than in the sad times immediately following the peace of the Church, when the bark of Peter had to pass through the most furious storm that hell has, so far, let loose against her. Satan had vainly sought to drown the Christian race in a sea of blood; the sword of persecution had grown blunt in the hands of Diocletian and Galerius; and the Cross appeared in the heavens, proclaiming the triumph of Christianity. Scarcely had the Church become aware of her victory when she felt herself shaken to her very foundation. Hell sent upon the earth a heresy which threatened to blight the fruit of three hundred years of martyrdom. Arius began his impious doctrine, that he who had hitherto been adored as the Son of God was only a creature, though the most perfect of all creatures. Immense was the number, even of the clergy, that fell into this new error; the Emperors became its abettors; and had not God himself interposed, men would soon have set up the cry throughout the world that the only result of the victory gained by the Christian religion was to change the object of idolatry, and put a new idol, called Jesus, in place of the old ones.
But he who had promised that the gates of hell should never prevail against his Church, faithfully fulfilled his promise. The primitive faith triumphed; the Council of Nicaea proclaimed the Son to be consubstantial with the Father; but the Church stood in need of a man in whom the cause of the consubstantial Word should be, so to speak, incarnated–a man with learning enough to foil the artifices of heresy, and with courage enough to bear every persecution without flinching. This man was Athanasius; and everyone that adores and loves the Son of God, should love and honour Athanasius. Five times banished from his See of Alexandria, he fled for protection to the West, which justly appreciated the glorious confessor of Jesus' divinity. In return for the hospitality accorded him by Rome, Athanasius gave her of his treasures. Being the admirer and friend of the great St. Antony, he was a fervent admirer of the monastic life, which, by the grace of the Holy Ghost, had flourished so wonderfully in the deserts of his vast patriarchate. He brought the precious seed to Rome, and the first monks seen there were the ones introduced by Athanasius. The heavenly plant became naturalized in its new soil; and though its growth was slow at first, it afterwards produced fruit more abundantly than it had ever done in the East.
Athanasius, who has written so admirably upon that fundamental dogma of our faith–the divinity of Christ–also has left us most eloquent treatises on the mystery of the Pasch: they are to be found in the Festal Letters which he addressed each year to the churches of his patriarchate of Alexandria. The collection of these Letters, which were once thought to be irretrievably lost, was found, a few years back, in the monastery of St. Mary of Scete in Egypt. The first, for the year 329, begins with these words, which beautifully express the sentiments we should feel at the approach of Easter: 'Come, my beloved brethren, celebrate the feast; the season of the year invites you to do so. The Sun of justice, by pouring out his divine rays upon you that the time of the solemnity is come. At such tidings, let us keep a glad feast; let not the joy slip from us with the fleeting days, without our having tasted of its sweetness.' During almost every year of his banishment, Athanasius continued to address a Paschal Letter to his people. The one in which he announced the Easter of 338, and which he wrote at Treves, begins thus: 'Though separated from you, my brethren, I cannot break through the custom which I have always observed, and which I received from the tradition of the Fathers. I will not be silent; I will not omit announcing to you the time of the holy annual feast, and the day on which you must keep the solemnity. I am, as you have doubtless been told, a prey to many tribulations; I am weighed down by heavy trials; I am watched by the enemies of truth, who scrutinize everything I write, in order to rake up accusations against me and thereby add to my sufferings; yet notwithstanding, I feel that the Lord strengthens and consoles me in my afflictions. Therefore do I venture to address to you the annual celebration; and from the midst of my troubles, and despite the snares that beset me, I send you, from the furthermost part of the earth, the tidings of the Pasch, which is our salvation. Commending my fate into God's hands, I will celebrate this feast with you; distance of place separates us, but I am not absent from you. The lord who gives us these feasts, who is himself our feast, who bestows upon us the gift of his Spirit–he unites us spiritually to one another, by the bond of concord and peace.'
How grand is the Pasch, celebrated by Athanasius, an exile on the Rhine, in union with his people who keep their Easter on the banks of the Nile! It shows us the power of the Liturgy to unite men and make them, at one and the same time, and despite the distance of countries, enjoy the same holy emotions and feel the same aspirations to virtue. Greeks or Barbarians, we have all the same mother country, the Church; but that which, after faith, unites us all into one family, is the Church's Liturgy. Now there is nothing in the whole Liturgy so expressive of unity as the celebration of Easter. The unhappy Churches of Russia and the East, by keeping Easter on a different day from that on which it is celebrated by the rest of the Christian world, show that they are not a portion of the One Fold of which Our Risen Jesus is the One Shepherd. (Dom Prosper Gueranger, O.S.B., The Liturgical Year: Pascal Time, Book II, pp. 403-406.)
Yes, it is "this or that." It is "yes or no." It is "black and white."
Unlike Jorge Mario Bergolio, who fawns all over non-Catholics, including Talmudists and Mohammedans, and who never loses a chance to praise Protestants or to reaffirm those living lives of moral degradation in the name of "accompanying them--to hell, it should be noted, Saint Athanasius praised another Egytian, Saint Antony of the Desert, for opposing all heresies in his own day. The following comes directly from Saint Athanasius's biography of Saint Antony of the Desert:
How he rejected the schism of Meletius and the heresies of Manes and Arius.
68. And he was altogether wonderful in faith and religious, for he never held communion with the Meletian schismatics, knowing their wickedness and apostacy from the beginning; nor had he friendly dealings with the Manichæans or any other heretics; or, if he had, only as far as advice that they should change to piety. For he thought and asserted that intercourse with these was harmful and destructive to the soul. In the same manner also he loathed the heresy of the Arians, and exhorted all neither to approach them nor to hold their erroneous belief. And once when certain Arian madmen came to him, when he had questioned them and learned their impiety, he drove them from the mountain, saying that their words were worse than the poison of serpents.
How he confuted the Arians.
69. And once also the Arians having lyingly asserted that Antony's opinions were the same as theirs, he was displeased and angry against them. Then being summoned by the bishops and all the brethren, he descended from the mountain, and having entered Alexandria , he denounced the Arians, saying that their heresy was the last of all and a forerunner of Antichrist. And he taught the people that the Son of God was not a created being, neither had He come into being from non-existence, but that He was the Eternal Word and Wisdom of the Essence of the Father. And therefore it was impious to say, 'there was a time when He was not,' for the Word was always co-existent with the Father. Wherefore have no fellowship with the most impious Arians. For there is no communion between light and darkness. 2 Corinthians 6:14 For you are good Christians, but they, when they say that the Son of the Father, the Word of God, is a created being, differ in nought from the heathen, since they worship that which is created, rather than God the creator. But believe that the Creation itself is angry with them because they number the Creator, the Lord of all, by whom all things came into being, with those things which were originated. (Saint Athanasius, Saint Antony of the Desert.)
How very "rigid" of Saint Athanasius and Saint Antony, huh?
Catholics give no quarter to error, which they hate because it is opposed to Truth Himself and thus deceives souls and causes chaos in society as a result.
Saint Anthansius's words in praise of Saint Antony of the Desert serve as a saltuary warning to us not to have any kind of fellowship with the most impious conciliar revolutionaries as there can never be any communion between light and darkness.
We must defend the Faith as we accept the rebukes that come out way in silence as we suffer in joy Christ the King as His consecrated slaves through the Sorrowful and Immaculate Heart of Mary, especially during this month of May and on the First Saturday in May, tomorrow, May 6, 2017, the Feast of Saint John the Evangelist Before the Latin Gate, thanking Our Lord abundantly for opportunity to be more perfectly conformed to His Holy Cross and as we seek to draw inspiration from this prayer of Dom Prosper Gueranger, O.S.B., to the glorious Bishop of Alexandria, whose feast occured three days ago after the false "pontiff" had returned from Egypt and then proceeded to ignore Saint Athanasius at the Casa Santa Marta as he had there:
Intercede for the country [Egypt] over which was extended thy patriarchal jurisdiction; but forget not this Europe of ours, which gave thee hospitality and protection. Rome defended thy cause; she passed sentence in thy favour, and restored thee thy rights; make her a return, now that thou art face to face with the God of infinite goodness and power. Protect and console her Pontiff, the successor of that Julius who so nobly befriended thee fifteen hundred years ago. A fierce tempest is now raging against the Rock on which is built the Church of Christ; and our eyes have grown wearied for a sign of calm. Oh! pray that these days of trial be shortened, and that the See of Peter may triumph over the calumnies and persecutions which are now besetting her, and endangering the faith of many of her children.
Thy zeal, O Athanasius! checked the ravages of Arianism; but this heresy has again appeared, in our own times, and in almost every country of Europe. Its progress is due to that proud superficial learning which has become one of the principal perils of the age. The Eternal Son of God, consubstantial with the Father, is blasphemed by our so-called philosophers, as being only Man–the best and greatest of men, they say, but still only Man. They despise all the proofs which reason and history adduce of Jesus' divinity; they profess a sort regard for the Christian teaching which has hitherto been held, but they have discovered (so they tell us) the fallacy of the great dogma which recognizes in the Son of Mary the Eternal Word who became incarnate for man's salvation. O Athanasius, glorious Doctor of of holy Mother Church! humble these modern Arians; expose their proud ignorance and sophistry; undeceive their unhappy followers, by letting them see how this false doctrine leads either to the abyss of the abominations of pantheism, or to the chaos of scepticism, where all truth and morally are impossibilities.
Preserve within us, by the influence of they prayers, the precious gift of faith, wherewith our Lord has mercifully blessed us. Obtain for us that we may ever confess and adore Jesus Christ our eternal and infinite God, 'God of God; Light of Light; True God of True God; Begotten not men; who for us men, and for our salvation, took Flesh, of the Virgin Mary.' May we grow each day in the knowledge of this Jesus, until we join thee in the face-to-face contemplation of his perfections. Meanwhile, by means of holy faith, we will live with him on this earth that has witnessed the glory of his Resurrection. How fervent, O Athanasius, was thy love of this Son of God, our Creator and Redeemer! This love was the very life of thy soul, and the stimulus that urged thee to heroic devotedness to his cause. It supported thee in the combats thou hadst to sustain with the world, which seemed leagued together against thy single person. It gave thee strength to endless tribulations. Oh! pray that we may obtain this love–a love which is fearless of danger, because faithful to him for whom we suffer–a Brightness of his Father's glory, and Infinite Wisdom, emptied himself, taking the form of a servant and humbled himself, becoming obedient unto death, even to the death of the Cross. How else can we make him a return for his devotedness to us except by giving him all our love,as thou didst. O Athanasius! and by ever singing his praise in compensation for the humiliations which he endured in order to save us? (Dom Prosper Gueranger, O.S.B., The Liturgical Year: Paschal Time: Book II, pp. 411-413.)
Saint Athanasius has given us marching orders, and those marching orders do not make us Pharisees, Jorge Mario Bergoglio, or "closed-minded:"
They have the premises – but you have the Apostolic Faith. They can occupy our churches, but they are outside the true Faith. You remain outside the places of worship, but the Faith dwells within you. Let us consider: what is more important, the place or the Faith? The true Faith, obviously. Who has lost and who has won in the struggle – the one who keeps the premises or the one who keeps the Faith? True, the premises are good when the Apostolic Faith is preached there; they are holy if everything takes place there in a holy way …
"You are the ones who are happy; you who remain within the Church by your Faith, who hold firmly to the foundations of the Faith which has come down to you from Apostolic Tradition. And if an execrable jealousy has tried to shake it on a number of occasions, it has not succeeded. They are the ones who have broken away from it in the present crisis. No one, ever, will prevail against your Faith, beloved Brothers. And we believe that God will give us our churches back some day.
"Thus, the more violently they try to occupy the places of worship, the more they separate themselves from the Church. They claim that they represent the Church; but in reality, they are the ones who are expelling themselves from it and going astray. Even if Catholics faithful to Tradition are reduced to a handful, they are the ones who are the true Church of Jesus Christ." (Letter of St. Athanasius to his flock.)
Let these words continue to be our consolation in these days when it is easier for most people to believe in the mythologies of naturalists in the political realm and the Modernist apologists of false "mercy" and a "God of Surprises" in the theological real, men who esteem false idols, than it is to hold steadfast to the Faith and lose human respect and possibly even earn the mockery, if not scorn, of one's own family members. Who wants to be "different" in this time of alleged "mercy"?
We turn to Our Lady with every beat of our hearts, consecrated as they must be to Most Sacred Heart of her Divine Son, Our Blessed Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, through her own Sorrowful and Immaculate Heart, pledging to her in this month of May to pray the Litany of Loreto every day in addition to praying as many Rosaries each day as our states-in-life permit. We can crown Our Lady as Queen of our hearts by making reparation for our sins and those of the whole world by enslaving ourselves to her Divine Son through her Immaculate Heart, giving unto whatever merit we earn each day so that she can dispose of that merit however she sees fit for the honor and glory of the Most Holy Trinity and for the good of souls in the Church Suffering in Purgatory and here in the Church Militant on earth.
The final victory belongs to Our Lady's Immaculate Heart. We must consider it a privilege that we are alive in these times to plant a few seeds for the restoration of the Church Militant on earth and for the restoration of Christendom in the world.
Saint Andrew the Apostle, pray for us.
Saint Athanasius, pray for us.
Pope Saint Pius V, pray for us,


Saskia Groneberg casts an ironic but tender gaze at those plants which find their often unappreciated destiny in the bland, in-between spaces of offices. Lit by fluorescent bulbs, perched on filing cabinets, or dangling from dropped ceilings, these flora blend unobtrusively into the background of the rational office world. The greenery – ornamental succulents and cacti, climbing vines, and all manner of 'Sansevieria' – grows and sprawls over tables and shelves, swallows up corners and neglected stacks of documents, and both divides and connects rooms. Groneberg frames these denizens as barely discernable traces or expansive gestures, highlighting their largely peripheral status. Thanks to Edition Taube (Munich).
76 pages, 21 x 29 cm, hardcover, Edition Taube (Munich).


text:
BU-Today
Pioneering Research at Boston University
Making the World a Lot Quieter
BU engineers have developed an "acoustic metamaterial" that can cancel 94 percent of sound
Boston University engineers have created synthetic, sound-silencing structures—acoustic metamaterials—that can block 94% of sounds. Reza Ghaffarivardavagh (ENG) (front center) holds two of the open, ringlike structures over his ears while Stephan Anderson (MED) (left), Xin Zhang (ENG) (rear center), and Jacob Nikolajczyk (ENG) (right) make a racket. Photo by Cydney Scott
Kat J. McAlpine
What sounds would you mute if you could? A pair of Boston University engineers are asking that question, with the ever-increasing din of drone propellers, airplane turbines, MRI machines, and urban noise pollution blaring in the mind's ear.
"Today's sound barriers are literally thick heavy walls," says Reza Ghaffarivardavagh. Although noise-mitigating barricades, called sound baffles, can help drown out the whoosh of rush hour traffic or contain the symphony of music within concert hall walls, they are a clunky approach not well suited to situations where airflow is also critical. Imagine barricading a jet engine's exhaust vent—the plane would never leave the ground. Instead, workers on the tarmac wear earplugs to protect their hearing from the deafening roar.
Xin Zhang and Ghaffarivardavagh were enticed by an alluring question: "Can we design a structure that can block noise but preserve air passage?"
Leaning on their mathematical prowess and the technology of 3D printing, it turns out they can. In a January 2019 Physical Review paper, the researchers argue that it's quite possible to silence noise using an open, ringlike structure, created to mathematically perfect specifications, for cutting out sounds while maintaining airflow.
Numbers and noise control
"I've always been interested in acoustics," says Ghaffarivardavagh, who finished his BSc in mechanical engineering at Sharif University of Technology in Tehran, Iran, before coming to Boston University for graduate school. Now, in Zhang's lab, he's close to finishing his PhD. "I like to work on something that I can hear or see the result. Something that I can have an impact on with issues we are facing nowadays."
Having lived in other major cities before coming to Boston, Zhang and Ghaffarivardavagh have always marveled at the layered urban soundscape enveloping them. In Boston, the cacophony of the city is garbled together from airplanes flying overhead, the engines and horns of cars, trucks, and buses on the street, the rumble and screech of MBTA trolleys, and the hum of building appliances and power sources.
City life is so noisy, you have to find a way to create quiet moments, they say.
That got them dreaming up a sound baffle that wasn't a barrier at all, but instead an open conduit. Such a feat could only be possible by developing a material with unusual and unnatural properties (known as a metamaterial), in this case with the ability to exert an isolated influence on sounds—an acoustic metamaterial.
"I've been working on metamaterials for more than a decade," says Zhang, a multidisciplinary professor at the College of Engineering and the Photonics Center. "But it was Reza that gradually got me more excited about the fundamental idea of a marriage between acoustics and metamaterials. If you ask me and my colleagues, acoustic metamaterials is a relatively young direction…. It's the future."
Mute button, incarnated
Ghaffarivardavagh and Zhang let mathematics—a shared passion that has buoyed both of their engineering careers and made them well-suited research partners—guide them toward a workable design for what the acoustic metamaterial would look like.
"Sound is made by very tiny disturbances in the air. So, our goal is to silence those tiny vibrations," Ghaffarivardavagh and Zhang say. "If we want the inside of a structure to be open air, then we have to keep in mind that this will be the pathway through which sound travels."
They calculated the dimensions and specifications that the metamaterial would need to have in order to interfere with the transmitted sound waves, preventing sound—but not air—from being radiated through the open structure. The basic premise is that the metamaterial needs to be shaped in such a way that it sends incoming sounds back to where they came from, they say.
On one end of the pipe, a loudspeaker blasts a noise. On the other end, the open acoustic silencing metamaterial redirects the sound as long as it's fitted in place. Video courtesy of the Zhang lab
As a test case, they decided to create a structure that could silence sound from a loudspeaker. Based on their calculations, they modeled the physical dimensions that would most effectively silence noises. Bringing those models to life, they used 3D printing to materialize an open, noise-canceling structure made of plastic.
Trying it out in the lab, the researchers sealed the loudspeaker into one end of a PVC pipe. On the other end, the tailor-made acoustic metamaterial was fastened into the opening. With the hit of the play button, the experimental loudspeaker set-up came oh-so-quietly to life in the lab. Standing in the room, based on your sense of hearing alone, you'd never know that the loudspeaker was blasting an irritatingly high-pitched note. If, however, you peered into the PVC pipe, you would see the loudspeaker's subwoofers thrumming away.
The metamaterial, ringing around the internal perimeter of the pipe's mouth, worked like a mute button incarnate until the moment when Ghaffarivardavagh reached down and pulled it free. The lab suddenly echoed with the screeching of the loudspeaker's tune.
"The moment we first placed and removed the silencer…was literally night and day," says Jacob Nikolajczyk, who in addition to being a study coauthor and former undergraduate researcher in Zhang's lab is a passionate vocal performer. "We had been seeing these sorts of results in our computer modeling for months—but it is one thing to see modeled sound pressure levels on a computer, and another to hear its impact yourself."
By comparing sound levels with and without the metamaterial fastened in place, the team found that they could silence nearly all—94 percent to be exact—of the noise, making the sounds emanating from the loudspeaker imperceptible to the human ear.
A quieter world
Now that their prototype has proved so effective, the researchers have some big ideas about how their acoustic-silencing metamaterial could go to work making the real world quieter.
"Drones are a very hot topic," Zhang says. Companies like Amazon are interested in using drones to deliver goods, she says, and "people are complaining about the potential noise."
"The culprit is the upward-moving fan motion," Ghaffarivardavagh says. "If we can put sound-silencing open structures beneath the drone fans, we can cancel out the sound radiating toward the ground."
The mathematically designed, 3D-printed acoustic metamaterial is shaped in such a way that it sends incoming sounds back to where they came from, Ghaffarivardavagh and Zhang say. Inside the outer ring, a helical pattern interferes with sounds, blocking them from transmitting through the open center while preserving air's ability to flow through. Photo by Cydney Scott
Closer to home—or the office—fans and HVAC systems could benefit from acoustic metamaterials that render them silent yet still enable hot or cold air to be circulated unencumbered throughout a building.
Ghaffarivardavagh and Zhang also point to the unsightliness of the sound barriers used today to reduce noise pollution from traffic and see room for an aesthetic upgrade. "Our structure is super lightweight, open, and beautiful. Each piece could be used as a tile or brick to scale up and build a sound-canceling, permeable wall," they say.
The shape of acoustic-silencing metamaterials, based on their method, is also completely customizable, Ghaffarivardavagh says. The outer part doesn't need to be a round ring shape in order to function.
"We can design the outer shape as a cube or hexagon, anything really," he says. "When we want to create a wall, we will go to a hexagonal shape" that can fit together like an open-air honeycomb structure.
Such walls could help contain many types of noises. Even those from the intense vibrations of an MRI machine, Zhang says.
According to Stephan Anderson, a professor of radiology at BU School of Medicine and a coauthor of the study, the acoustic metamaterial could potentially be scaled "to fit inside the central bore of an MRI machine," shielding patients from the sound during the imaging process.
Zhang says the possibilities are endless, since the noise mitigation method can be customized to suit nearly any environment: "The idea is that we can now mathematically design an object that can block the sounds of anything," she says.
This work was supported by a Boston University MSE Innovation Grant and Dean's Catalyst Award.
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There are 86 comments on Making the World a Lot Quieter
peter mazure
Please put them on leaf blowers first!!!
Huntington CALM
Yes, or ban them all together. The low frequency noise penetrates windows and walls and is above EPA, NIOSH, OSHA and WHO's recommended safe levels. The noise is an assault to every living creature.
Daniel Gish
I am the Director of Quality for a metal stamping company. I have been researching ways to reduce the noise in the facility from the presses stamping out parts all day. I would love to challenge the team to visit my facility and apply this development into a practical application in an industrial situation. Thank you!
Joseph Blank
I would appreciate a comment from one of the researchers as to whether or not their discovery might find a future application in significantly reducing infrasound.
In particular the powerful 10 Hz generated by diesel engine locomotives at great distances. I am thinking of protecting the sleep & health inside homes where this infrasound penetrates under any condition inside or outside (even if the building is surrounded by other structures & is not in direct ligne of sight).
Not to speak of the much less powerful harmonics which rarely annoying or health affecting.
As far as deep bass goes, nothing can hinder it – since it's not based on sound waves but sound pressure – so it passes though objects, even these sound dampeners. The most effective blocking of bass is high mass material, like cork.
I would imagine the solution is similar to much of audio recording: "get it at the source". In other words, not solving the problem by building homes that can block the sound, but by reducing/eliminating the sound coming out of the engine in the first place, and perhaps this research can help there!
Xin Zhang
The silencer design may be tuned to target different frequency ranges. However, in very low frequencies (infrasound), both the design of the structural shape and wave penetration into the structural material would be very challenging and problematic even in the context of this particular metamaterial design. However, infrasound silencing may be approached in a different manner where there is no requirement for the openness and preservation of ventilation, which were critical facets of this work. Many thanks!
Xin
Are these available for purchase ?
Also interested for a pair that could be purchased.
hi Xin, to follow up on what alot of people are curious about, what have you found to be a reasonable expectation of size vs low frequency reflection?
for example, the specific prototypes in this picture, what frequency band are they tuned to reflect, and how large would something similar be for the lower frequency bands? is there any publicly available published data on this yet? good work, this is fantastic.
Steve Nordquist
Upon review, it is more like an aphysical review letter, as it's not like those four got it out where nature could abhor it or not, unfrustrate urban bees, put it on all the campus service putt-abouts, performing arts building tunings, etc. as opposed to ASTM E 2611-09, which I choose to believe is a dronecore Boston band (…have citations for AIP always looked like that?) that stays under 600Hz in order to get a reputation or something.
Additionally, I look forward to spring renderings in, with or on moss, at the diesel outfitters in a 10Hz loopba…okay, that's clearly the right size…, and possibly at the clanky workers and fast recovery facilities in the gyms. We need to have a cutout for Boston Cheers to pass…
Put on vacuum cleaners please.
Subhash Palsule
This is amazing and am sure there will be number applications for this. Jet engines, MRI machines, Flyovers and roads which are near residential complexes and so on.
Peter Sherman
Hi! Absolutely Brilliant! BTW, your article is currently trending on Hacker News: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19344682 . Again, absolutely brilliant!
Bill Schultz
Please consider open-sourcing the 3d files for those of us who want to experiment. My primary interest is in ventilation for soundproofed tiny homes and I'd be happy to provide real world feedback of whatever I find.
You figure out a way to cancel the noise of dogs barking then you should get a nobel prize!
Increase transmission loss of sound path (e.g., double-pane laminated windows) or decrease sound power of the source (e.g., dog is better trained).
Nobel prize please :D
Congratulations on an amazing design that will literally change the world.
I have a home recording studio that is air tight but for two- 4" ducts pumping fresh air into the room and sucking old air out.
The problem is I can't use powerful enough fans to get the needed amount of air into the room due to incredible noise levels.
This is the perfect solution and those circular units would be all I need.
I would love to get my hands on two of them if someone from the group would message me privately please with more info…
Kalle Hahl
Now the interesting question is, how would/could this work in a real world scenario? There's a static sound, which is being driven through a pipe.
I'd love to hear how the material behaves when it's not a static, eg. 400Hz sound, but music, talking etc.
Talk to San Diego Airport.. they have an archaic blast fence to decrease sounds at takeoff on the single runway. All San Diegans would LOVE you if you helped reduce the noise!
Good Luck with the new invention..it will help in millions of places! :-)
Dan I'm going out on a limb but I really think all airports would benefit from this invention. I know I most definitely would.
What are high temperature resistance properties of the acoustic material?
They said the material was unimportant – can be made of various things.
Are you thinking what I'm thinking?
OkinSama
So it's a 3d Printed tube with 6 spiral that wrap around inside the walls?
Michael Meier
I need a Tesla covered in this material. The road noise in my current Model S is so annoying. Please Elon, cover the car and make is silent inside!
A fellow field audio engineer posted a link to your article, and like him I'm interested in the possibility of the metamaterials you've designed being used in sound engineering for film and video production and live sound; for instance with sound isolation for headsets and earplugs, and also applying these materials to designing better directional microphones. I wonder if there are some applications for this in speaker design as well?
I have some questions: How is sound cancelling effected when sound is coming from off axis? How does it respond to different frequencies ? How does it respond to complex acoustic situations like music and non patterned wide spectrum sounds?
I'm a member of the Norcal mixers group (nor-cal-mixers@googlegroups.com) in the San Francisco Bay area, and we have many audio engineers here who I know would be willing to test out your technology and give you valuable feedback from the field.
Gavin Vigil
everyone in the car audio/home theater community should be stoked about this stuff.
Jon Law
I too am curious about this application for subbass frequencies.
Also, I would like to see a demo of the contraption (muffler) used on that PVC pipe where the speaker plays a sine wave sweep from 1hz to 20khz. I can't but help thinking the sine wave chosen for the demo was one which the attenuation device was optimized for. As we know, noise naturally is comprised of a fundamental tone and overtones. Lots of noise includes white noise too. We need to hear a demo of a wide variety of tones to better grasp how it can work for the real world. I can see how something simple like that could affect tuning frequency of a port (the PVC pipe) and the pressure nodes and anti-pressure nodes. It is more simple for one sine wave, especially one that is a midrange frequency as shown in the video.
Yes, a leaf blower would be a good test since it has a sine sweep range between idle and wide-open throttle. :)
Frank Kushner
I agree the test video is only one frequency. There are many Helmholtz resonator silencer designs that are tuned for certain frequencies. The plug also would likely have very high pressure loss for duct or pipe gas flow.
It would make for an excellent computer chassis. The hum of a cooling fan is really irritating to the ears.
Paul Dulaney
94%? — that's just a 12 dB reduction, right?? My foam earplugs do better than that…
Evariste
I thought the same thing. 94% isn't as impressive when talking about the logarithmic nature of sound perception.
10*log10(0.06) ≈ -12.2 dB
TeeGeeRoo
I believe 6% of the original volume is about 40dB reduction, not 12dB.
i'ts 12db total. because 3db reduction is perceived by human ear as half volume reduction.
Roy O'Donnell
Oh my, if this tech could be used to quiet the hellish sound BART makes when traveling underground…
Will Piontek
What is the potential for availability with this technology?
Arthur Gooding
Is that 6 complete turns in the spiral, or is it fractional, introducing a phase change in the inner part of the pipe?
George Armenante
Maybe I'm getting lost in semantics, but this tech is geometry-based, not material-based, correct?
Wes Reddish
I had the same question. I would love to see the researchers response.
This is amazing and congratulation to the team!
I am currently looking for a solution to HVAC noise problem in my house, and I am wondering if there is a way to purchase one of these. I would be a superhero to my spouse and kid if could find something that can cut down on the mechanical noise which is drowning out our living room conversations (okay really our Netflix and bad LP's, but still).
I have looked into fiberglass duct insulation, but it will only have a nominal impact on reducing the noise and will be a pain to install. The situation seems perfect for what you have developed. I will love to be a real-world guinea pig if you are looking for one. Please contact me if it is possible or if you would like more details.
Same here! We are located next to a draft fan for a boiler system and it's awful. Sound reduction interior windows have helped some, but not entirely. This, however, would change our lives.
Bill Rose
I too have the same HVAC noise complaints as Brad Scott. Every condominium in Florida would love this device to bring down the almost unbearable noice level of our in the ceiling, "pancake," air handlers! Can't wait to see a device to mount at the room air vent.
FormerLurker
Is there any chance that an STL file could be posted for this design? I'd love to print one of these.
Darell
This is great! I do have a question about the testing apparatus; is there a reason why the PVC pipe is so long? Would the results be the same if the pipe was half the diameter and length?
AjayPRC
No doubt…grt Job. Sound has power to vibrate glass.till it breaks..so its(u r device) absorbing the sound wave… convert that to something like any other form of energy.
How can we donate for this project? I really would want to support them and spread the idea into the market
Congratulations team ! – could you tell me: is this frequency specific, or does it cover a spectrum? Is the 3D model available to be printed? Lastly I secretly wonder how such a shape may be used with photons….hmm. :)
Ethan C
Noise pollution can have such a damaging impact on wildlife, I hope it can be applied to sources of travel that affect such things
The device is effective for a narrow band of frequencies centered around the design frequency. Impulse or broadband sound would be a challenge.
I agree with Ted. I would like to see the test done with pink or white noise.
Please work on noise canceling floors. The downstairs neighbors are complaining even though we are very quiet. Congratulations on your enterprise!
Xin Zhang,
Congratulations on the achievement!
It's hard to tell from the picture what your device looks like. I'd love if you could give some more insight into the structure/make-up of the device, and how it's particularly designed structure helps to reduce sound effectively?
I have guesses, but, you're the expert. Enlighten us?
When do you think this would be commercially available?
Jay Collins
Could this be employed on boat engines to quiet the human sounds affecting marine life? I am thinking of the whales who can no longer communicate over long distances.
Promising work! In audio, dB is used. 94% claimed attenuation is -24dB. The demo video exhibits -13dB attenuation, which is quite an achievement.
The demo original sound is a 500Hz sine. How does the system perform with real life annoying noise, ie with a larger spectrum including frequencies below 100Hz? How much is size an issue for lower freq attenuation? thanks.
Im also wondering if the test could be done with White noise .. not a single tone …
I'm wondering if the structure is designed to reflect a narrow band of frequency's and its 3rd harmonic or a span until the functional wavelength is less than 1/2 the width of the inner diameter of the noise cancelling device?
Congratulations, I find this is very fascinating, which causes me to wonder that if sound waves are traveling vibrations of particles in media such as air, do they have mass on some level?
So cool – What a groundbreaking technology!
Perica Suran
Please translate "94%" to "dB decrease".
Also, are these devices reflectors or absorbers? I would conclude from the article that they are reflectors, but not 100% certain. Not even 94% certain :)
Diane Morris
This would be an absolute god-send to parents who live with adult children with autism or other developmental disabilities. My son scripts constantly and loudly, and the sound travels through our ducts throughout the house. Being able to dampen that noise would improve our quality of life and make it easier for us to keep our son at home.
Hello, congratulations to the research team! Brilliant new development! Could I get the STL file to print a sample for tryout? I realize the structural geometry is a unique development, but is the material a special formulation, or is it a generic resin?
Thank you everyone for all of your interest, we sincerely appreciate all of the questions and comments that have been posted. We are doing our best trying to keep up and answer your queries. Thanks again!
Sean Hoyt
Would love to 3D print hexigon versions to interlock as a wall panel. I'd rear mount 1/8" 1lb/sqft mass loaded vinyl to handle the lower frequencies. Could offer before/after data using DIRAC room correction analysis (impulse+frequency response measure and correction)
Richard Yonika
Hi, am local and work with drones if I can help with this research let me know
https://youtu.be/MhHEzo0ImGM
https://youtu.be/koOqenMpvck
I am curious about the potential application of this concept to firearms suppressors (silencers). Assuming that nothing could be done about the crack caused by the supersonic expansion of gases, would the metamaterial be able to attenuate the rest of the report?
Robert Clements
The challenge in HVAC applications is balancing pressure drop with acoustic performance. Silencers have been the go to solution for 30 years which are costly and typically add about .25″wc PD for a good selection. If the metamaterial offers lees press PD and cost than silencers, you have a winner.
Derrick Knight
Can you please clarify a few things?
1) Does this silencer only work at a single frequency baked into the geometry? If so, is there any hope of extending on the principles to make a broad band silencer? Alternatively, could it be made to be deformed in a predicable way that would allow tuning it to a range of frequencies?
2) Does the attenuation depend on the incoming sound wave being a plane wave? Another way of asking this, would it work if it was installed as the outlet to a plenum?
The paper is listed here:
https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.024302
Hope to see either open source or commercial product soon,
Can you install rings tuned to different frequencies in series to cancel out a broader spectrum?
Mr.RockyShi
Hello,Ms Zhang, did u test the gyroid filling structure for the noise decrease device? With Cura 3.6, can select gyroid filling, i prefer with 5% fill density. The gyroid is super light and can reflect most noise movement face.
Harry Heflin
From what I can gather this is a tuned, narrowband, passive attenuation device and so would offer very limited suppression of broadband noise such as a jet engine or a lawnmower. Likewise for an impulse such as a dog bark. It would be nice to see a curve of attenuation vs, frequency.
Tim Newton
At first blush, this structure appears to redirect a fraction of the impinging sound through a more lengthy channel, such that it emerges from the channel in anti-phase with the original, unmodified, un-delayed sound, in such a proportion as to most closely result in mutual cancellation. As such, it will only work in a narrow range around a specific frequency, and odd multiples of that frequency. So it would be useful for reducing the sound of a constant-frequency source emanating from a restricted aperture, such as the sound of a furnace blower through a heating duct. But it will not significantly reduce sound of arbitrary or variable frequencies, such as human voice sounds, music, variable engine frequencies, or other common disturbances.
Please help people who are living with hyperacusis. Auditory hyperacusis causes every sound to be magnified. People who have this condition need to wear 30dB or 35dB earplugs or shooting range headphones just to leave their houses. Forty percent of people with Lyme disease experience some, or suffer from chronic auditory hyperacusis. And now there are way too many people with Lyme disease (& additional tick-borne illnesses).
James W Valenta
Does the open area have to be completely open, or if placing a screen over the open space / hole would it destroy the silencing effect.
Is it mandatory that the center space be unobstructed , or could a screen or mesh be placed over the center area to slightly limit the air flow but still produce the desired results of sound reduction?
What is the difference from "Slit-like Expansion Chamber"??
First of all, thank you so much for your valuable comments and suggestions. Much appreciated!
Herein, we have summarized several of the points that have received the most questions and we sincerely encourage you to read the full paper at the link below for further details:
1. Acoustic metamaterials refer to structures in which the effective acoustic properties are dominated by their geometrical shape/pattern rather than their composite materials.
2. The main focus of our study is to present a silencer design methodology that features a dominant open area to preserve efficient ventilation. Indeed, it is demonstrated in this paper that an ultra-open silencer (+90% openness) may be designed within the presented framework.
3. Acoustic silencers are commonly in-duct based bulky structures which result in a considerable pressure drop in the case of forced ventilation. Our silencer features a large central opening to ensure efficient ventilation and its overall dimension is deep subwavelength. Moreover, it may be leveraged as a stand-alone structure such as the housing of a fan or propeller.
4. The silencer performance is based on the Fano-like interference which arises from the destructive interference between the continuum and resonating states. Consequently, the silencing performance is frequency selective and occurs when an acoustic wave in the helical channels of the periphery reaches its resonant state. Furthermore, silencing emerges for a targeted frequency range as well as its higher harmonics (both odd and even) which may make this design particularly suitable for tonal noise suppression. For variable speed fans and propellers, multiband and tunable versions of this methodology may be adopted.
5. The 94% reduction in energy is approximately equivalent to the 13dB loss which is strictly limited by the fabrication quality in our experiment. More advanced fabrication methods can significantly improve dB loss at the targeted frequency.
Email: xinz@bu.edu
Web: http://people.bu.edu/xinz
hi could you post .stl file on thingiverse for people to try and 3d print this. that woudl be great. thank you.
How would I go about licensing this technology for a consumer product?
EDUARDO SCHOENKNECHT
Does it work creating a long helicoidal path that makes part of sound wave meet the other part at the output with 180 degree phase shift? Making the two parts to destroy themselves?
This would mean the silencer works only for a specific tone(frequency).
Not as "magical" as the article suggests, but a great work anyway. Congratulations!
if you read whitepaper this is tuned to specific frequency. it doesn't block other frequencies. for that you need to change dimensions of the part, or material it is made out of. so for now this has very limited applications. maybe gun silencer or car mufflers. something that emits sound in a narrow frequency range.
SM Casper
I work in an office which where the staff complain daily about the noise level, due to the acoustics (a lot of glass walls). If you are looking for a place to test, please contact me.
I'm not sure what makes it happen, is it the shape of the print, or this "meta material"? A combination maybe? What is this meta-material? How hard would it be to print such a ring on a consumer grade 3D printer?
Bill Nowicki
Our property has freight train tracks just past the far end of our lot. Is it possible to build a sound barrier from this technology to reduce the noise generated by the freight trains …?
I know it's a matter of semantics, but "suppressor" or "muffler" should be used instead of silencer.
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