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Starring: Richard Dean Anderson, Dana Elcar, Bruce McGill, Michael Des Barres
MacGyver follows the adventures of the laid-back, extremely resourceful secret agent Angus MacGyver. He prefers non-violent conflict resolution whenever possible and refuses to carry or use a gun. MacGyver works as a problem solver for the... More
MacGyver follows the adventures of the laid-back, extremely resourceful secret agent Angus MacGyver. He prefers non-violent conflict resolution whenever possible and refuses to carry or use a gun. MacGyver works as a problem solver for the Phoenix Foundation in Los Angeles. Utilizing his education as a scientist and his experience as an operative in the Department of External Services (DXS), he is able to solve a range of problems usually with the help of his ever-present Swiss Army knife.
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Ep: 1 Pilot
Opening Gambit: MacGyver rescues an American pilot who has crashed on top of a high cliff. Main Episode: When a science lab studying the ozone layer mysteriously explodes, MacGyver is called in to rescue the scientists that are trapped... More
Opening Gambit: MacGyver rescues an American pilot who has crashed on top of a high cliff. Main Episode: When a science lab studying the ozone layer mysteriously explodes, MacGyver is called in to rescue the scientists that are trapped underground. It's soon discovered that the explosion cracked a tank of sulfuric acid, and MacGyver is in a race against time before the Army uses a missile to seal up the base.
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Ep: 2 The Golden Triangle
Opening Gambit: MacGyver uses a magnet to retrieve stolen documents, escapes a car about to be flattened, and then traps the thieves in midair. Main Episode: When MacGyver tries to retrieve a canister filled with a deadly chemical in Burma, he... More
Opening Gambit: MacGyver uses a magnet to retrieve stolen documents, escapes a car about to be flattened, and then traps the thieves in midair. Main Episode: When MacGyver tries to retrieve a canister filled with a deadly chemical in Burma, he stumbles right into an area known as the Golden Triangle, where the military uses farmers as slaves on the opium fields. MacGyver is mistaken for a narcotics agent and is captured, but convinces the slaves to fight their oppression. MacGyver assists by setting several traps at the slave camp, and when the army returns to suppress the unrest, the real action begins.
Ep: 3 Thief of Budapest
MacGyver travels to Budapest to meet with a Russian double agent who is in possession of a watch containing information about other Russian spies. However, before MacGyver can take the watch, the agent is killed and the watch is stolen. Now... More
MacGyver travels to Budapest to meet with a Russian double agent who is in possession of a watch containing information about other Russian spies. However, before MacGyver can take the watch, the agent is killed and the watch is stolen. Now MacGyver must work with the Gypsies to get it back.
Ep: 4 The Gauntlet
Opening Gambit: MacGyver retrieves a top-secret map, then uses it to escape his pursuers in the desert. MacGyver escapes the desert by using a hot-air balloon conveniently stored at a rendezvous point. Main Episode: MacGyver attempts to get a... More
Opening Gambit: MacGyver retrieves a top-secret map, then uses it to escape his pursuers in the desert. MacGyver escapes the desert by using a hot-air balloon conveniently stored at a rendezvous point. Main Episode: MacGyver attempts to get a reporter out of a Central American country with evidence linking a general to an illegal arms dealer. As MacGyver and Kate (the reporter) reach the border, it is clear escaping to Mexico will be no easy task, as the general and the arms dealer have every imaginable route severely guarded. There is no turning back. MacGyver must figure out how to get across the border, as his life, as well as Kate's, hangs in the balance.
Ep: 5 The Heist
When $60 million worth of stolen diamonds destined for a relief charity end up in the hands of casino owner Jack Catlin, MacGyver must head to the Virgin Islands to try and get them back. With the help of Chris Rhodes, a senator's daughter,... More
When $60 million worth of stolen diamonds destined for a relief charity end up in the hands of casino owner Jack Catlin, MacGyver must head to the Virgin Islands to try and get them back. With the help of Chris Rhodes, a senator's daughter, MacGyver masterminds a plan to break into Catlin's vault and steal them back.
Ep: 6 Trumbo's World
Opening Gambit: In the Pyrenees Mountains, MacGyver rescues a prisoner, then makes a daring escape with her by raft. Main Episode: MacGyver comes along on a expedition to Brazil with his friend, entomologist Dr. Alden. They meet with a landowner... More
Opening Gambit: In the Pyrenees Mountains, MacGyver rescues a prisoner, then makes a daring escape with her by raft. Main Episode: MacGyver comes along on a expedition to Brazil with his friend, entomologist Dr. Alden. They meet with a landowner and recluse, Trumbo, who is initially hostile. However, when they realize that a mile-wide column of army ants is moving through the jungle, they team together to mount a defense. Alden is killed by the ants, which seem unstoppable. MacGyver tries to flood the ants by filling the surrounding troughs with water, but when that plan fails, he uses a flamethrower to burn the oncoming ants. Out of gasoline and quickly running out of time, MacGyver must come up with a plan to dispose of the ants, or Trumbo will lose in one afternoon what he spent his life assembling.
Ep: 7 Last Stand
When MacGyver is on his way to a vacation, he takes the wrong way and ends up at a small airstrip where everybody seems to be behaving strangely. Too late, he discovers that the airstrip has been taken hostage, and he has been caught in the... More
When MacGyver is on his way to a vacation, he takes the wrong way and ends up at a small airstrip where everybody seems to be behaving strangely. Too late, he discovers that the airstrip has been taken hostage, and he has been caught in the middle of a plane-hijacking attempt.
Ep: 8 Hellfire
During a trip to visit some friends, an accident starts a fire in an oil well owned by MacGyver's friends. MacGyver and his buddy then go to fetch dynamite in an abandonned mine at great peril to themselves after they decide the dynamite is the... More
During a trip to visit some friends, an accident starts a fire in an oil well owned by MacGyver's friends. MacGyver and his buddy then go to fetch dynamite in an abandonned mine at great peril to themselves after they decide the dynamite is the only feasible way the fire can be put out. However, when they use it, the fire only becomes more intense. Can MacGyver and his Hellfire friend survive the incredible heat to put out the fire and save the oil buried underneath the well?
Ep: 9 The Prodigal
A man wants to testify against his mobster brother in Federal Court, and MacGyver has the job of keeping him safe, but the man's mother is dying and he wants to visit her.
Ep: 10 Target MacGyver
Opening Gambit: MacGyver rescues a lady general at a beach house, then nabs her kidnappers using common kitchen equipment. Main Episode: After blowing away a nuclear facility under the control of an aggressive world leader, MacGyver returns home... More
Opening Gambit: MacGyver rescues a lady general at a beach house, then nabs her kidnappers using common kitchen equipment. Main Episode: After blowing away a nuclear facility under the control of an aggressive world leader, MacGyver returns home for some peace and quiet, only to find his boss waiting for him. He advises MacGyver that a contract is out on his life and he needs to skip town for awhile.
Ep: 11 Nightmares
When MacGyver comes home with some important documents, he's drugged by enemy agents and told that he will die in six hours if he doesn't retrieve the documents for them. But MacGyver, using an old prisoner trick, escapes. Now the only problem is... More
When MacGyver comes home with some important documents, he's drugged by enemy agents and told that he will die in six hours if he doesn't retrieve the documents for them. But MacGyver, using an old prisoner trick, escapes. Now the only problem is convincing someone that he's not just another drunk.
Ep: 12 Deathlock
Opening Gambit: Posing as a corpse, MacGyver escapes Berlin by coffin-turned-jet-ski. Main Episode: MacGyver is trapped in a mansion with Pete, a code expert, and a government agent who may or may not be on their side. However, an old nemesis... More
Opening Gambit: Posing as a corpse, MacGyver escapes Berlin by coffin-turned-jet-ski. Main Episode: MacGyver is trapped in a mansion with Pete, a code expert, and a government agent who may or may not be on their side. However, an old nemesis has electronically booby-trapped the entire mansion to make sure they can't go anywhere.
Ep: 13 Flame's End
An old girlfriend of MacGyver's contacts him for help after she discovers evidence of uranium thefts from a nuclear processing plant where she works.
Ep: 14 Countdown
A mysterious person, who calls himself "Viking", has just bombed a cruise ship. He demands six million dollars or another bomb will go off within hours. So MacGyver, with an old friend from Vietnam, Charlie Robinson, is sent to disarm it. But... More
A mysterious person, who calls himself "Viking", has just bombed a cruise ship. He demands six million dollars or another bomb will go off within hours. So MacGyver, with an old friend from Vietnam, Charlie Robinson, is sent to disarm it. But when they get there, they find out there's more then one bomb on the ship.
Ep: 15 The Enemy Within
After a daring escape from East Germany where he gets rescued, and in the process saves a fellow operative with a quick mechanical fix, MacGyver thinks that he deserves some peaceful vacation time. But Pete lures him into baby-sitting a Russian... More
After a daring escape from East Germany where he gets rescued, and in the process saves a fellow operative with a quick mechanical fix, MacGyver thinks that he deserves some peaceful vacation time. But Pete lures him into baby-sitting a Russian defector who can identify KGB agents.
Ep: 16 Every Time She Smiles
MacGyver is on his way out of Bulgaria with a secret microfilm, when he meets Penny Parker, a beautiful, talkative American, who is on the run from her lover, a man named Stephan Frolov. She stashes some jewels on MacGyver, thus making him a... More
MacGyver is on his way out of Bulgaria with a secret microfilm, when he meets Penny Parker, a beautiful, talkative American, who is on the run from her lover, a man named Stephan Frolov. She stashes some jewels on MacGyver, thus making him a suspect, and now MacGyver and Penny must flee Bulgaria together.
Ep: 17 To Be a Man
In Afghanistan, wounded and hunted by the Soviets, MacGyver is given refuge by an Afghan woman and her son. But they are themselves at the mercy of an Afghan thug, who will kill MacGyver if he finds him at his woman.
Ep: 18 Ugly Duckling
A 15-year-old genius accidentally hacks into a defective missile guidance system and attracts the attention of both the FBI and some black marketeers, who think that she may fix it for them. It's up to MacGyver to save her from being kidnapped by... More
A 15-year-old genius accidentally hacks into a defective missile guidance system and attracts the attention of both the FBI and some black marketeers, who think that she may fix it for them. It's up to MacGyver to save her from being kidnapped by either side.
Ep: 19 Slow Death
At the beginning of the episode, MacGyver literally has to jump onto a moving train that he missed earlier to return top-secret files and documents to the U.S. Government. Soon after, a local tribe stops the train. They take all passengers... More
At the beginning of the episode, MacGyver literally has to jump onto a moving train that he missed earlier to return top-secret files and documents to the U.S. Government. Soon after, a local tribe stops the train. They take all passengers hostage until the men responsible for the death of the tribal leader's son is found among the passengers.
Ep: 20 The Escape
When a mother superior at a religious mission in North Africa asks MacGyver to help a young woman with something, he is glad to help. However, when he finds out the young woman wants him to break her brother out of jail, he may have taken on more... More
When a mother superior at a religious mission in North Africa asks MacGyver to help a young woman with something, he is glad to help. However, when he finds out the young woman wants him to break her brother out of jail, he may have taken on more than he expected.
Ep: 21 A Prisoner of Conscience
Pete Thornton investigates the supposed death of an old friend, a prominent Russian dissident, and finds he must get his friend's daughter Maria out of the country before the secret police arrest her for an alleged conspiracy. However, while in... More
Pete Thornton investigates the supposed death of an old friend, a prominent Russian dissident, and finds he must get his friend's daughter Maria out of the country before the secret police arrest her for an alleged conspiracy. However, while in Russia, Pete bumps into MacGyver, who followed him from the United States. While disappointed MacGyver followed him, Pete gladly welcomes MacGyver into his plans when the secret police arrive to take Maria into custody. Following a high speed boat chase to escape the police, Pete and MacGyver find out from Maria that her father is not dead, he is being held in a maximum security ward at a state mental institution. To get into the mental hospital, MacGyver plays the part of a mad patient and Pete plays the part of a doctor who has been assigned to him. With the help of the other patients, MacGyver is able to escape into Ward Zero, where Pete's friend is held. MacGyver breaks him out and hides him with the other patients
Ep: 22 The Assassin
Posing as a watchmaker who manufactures bomb timers, MacGyver manages to catch a master killer—Piedra—before he attempts an assassination on a high-profile target. However, Piedra isn't about to be stopped for long.
Ep: 1 The Human Factor
MacGyver and Pete are testing a new security system at the Strategic Research Development Administration. MacGyver successfully bypasses the security and meets Dr. Jill Ludlam, the system's designer. She tries to turn off the security system, but... More
MacGyver and Pete are testing a new security system at the Strategic Research Development Administration. MacGyver successfully bypasses the security and meets Dr. Jill Ludlam, the system's designer. She tries to turn off the security system, but it doesn't realize that it was just a test. MacGyver and Dr. Ludlam are then forced to find a way out, as the security system, named Sandy, tries to destroy the "intruders."
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Ep: 2 The Eraser
Mac inadvertently leads a hit man to his target, believing that he's helping a father find his lost son.
Ep: 3 Twice Stung
MacGyver and Pete have a surprise party planned for a colleague, but when the colleague doesn't show up, MacGyver goes looking for him, and finds him on the verge of committing suicide. When questioned why he would do such a thing, Kelly explains... More
MacGyver and Pete have a surprise party planned for a colleague, but when the colleague doesn't show up, MacGyver goes looking for him, and finds him on the verge of committing suicide. When questioned why he would do such a thing, Kelly explains that a con artist has swindled him out of his life savings. MacGyver tells Pete about Kelly's situation and the two of them decide that they will get Kelly's money back from the con
Ep: 4 The Wish Child
While MacGyver goes to pick up a Chinese friend's brother from a birthday party, he witnesses something strange: Paul is being called "The Wish Child." It seems that a greedy businessman has wrapped him up in a scam, because he looks exactly like... More
While MacGyver goes to pick up a Chinese friend's brother from a birthday party, he witnesses something strange: Paul is being called "The Wish Child." It seems that a greedy businessman has wrapped him up in a scam, because he looks exactly like a boy from an old legend that owns the secret of immortality. Now, MacGyver must try to talk him out of this, because Paul is starting to believe he really is The Wish Child!
Ep: 5 Final Approach
MacGyver goes to the mountains to lead four ex-gangster teens on a Phoenix Foundation funded rehabilitation trip. When he gets there, he finds that this task may be a little more complicated then he thought. All of the kids are very rebellious... More
MacGyver goes to the mountains to lead four ex-gangster teens on a Phoenix Foundation funded rehabilitation trip. When he gets there, he finds that this task may be a little more complicated then he thought. All of the kids are very rebellious and one of them has a bad grudge against another one. A couple of days later when MacGyver is returning with the kids, their plane crashes in the middle of the wilderness and one of them is injured. Now, MacGyver must fix the plane and help the kids work out their differences so they can save their friend.
Ep: 6 Jack of Lies
MacGyver, returning home one night, walks into his apartment, only to everything he owns missing from his apartment. Initially suspecting a robbery, MacGyver eventually comes to the conclusion that his old friend Jack Dalton is the one... More
MacGyver, returning home one night, walks into his apartment, only to everything he owns missing from his apartment. Initially suspecting a robbery, MacGyver eventually comes to the conclusion that his old friend Jack Dalton is the one responsible for the theft.
Ep: 7 The Road Not Taken
MacGyver and Pete head to Asia to rescue a nun, who is an old friend of Pete's, and the orphaned children she takes care of from aggressive regime troops. While there, MacGyver runs into someone he never expected, his old fiancee, Debra. Now... More
MacGyver and Pete head to Asia to rescue a nun, who is an old friend of Pete's, and the orphaned children she takes care of from aggressive regime troops. While there, MacGyver runs into someone he never expected, his old fiancee, Debra. Now MacGyver must complete his mission, work out his differences with Debra, and escape from the troops, all before the troops find them.
Ep: 8 Eagles
While hang gliding in the west, MacGyver crosses paths with an escaped felon who shot and wounded a rare eagle. Now, with the help of his new friend Susan Cooper and her son Darin, MacGyver must heal the eagle and trap the felon before he kills... More
While hang gliding in the west, MacGyver crosses paths with an escaped felon who shot and wounded a rare eagle. Now, with the help of his new friend Susan Cooper and her son Darin, MacGyver must heal the eagle and trap the felon before he kills more eagles.
Ep: 9 Silent World
While helping the Phoenix Foundation test a new missile-guidance system for the government, MacGyver's efforts are hampered by men who are trying to steal it. When the men escape with it, MacGyver turns to his deaf friend, who has been having... More
While helping the Phoenix Foundation test a new missile-guidance system for the government, MacGyver's efforts are hampered by men who are trying to steal it. When the men escape with it, MacGyver turns to his deaf friend, who has been having premonition-type dreams of this happening. Now MacGyver must try and analyze her dreams so that he can find the men who stole the system.
Ep: 10 Three for the Road
A retired actor and his wife stop at a motel on the way to Los Angeles. MacGyver rescues them from a drunkard who nearly makes a mark on their car. MacGyver is supposed to meet a mobster-turned-informant at the motel, but the meeting goes wrong.... More
A retired actor and his wife stop at a motel on the way to Los Angeles. MacGyver rescues them from a drunkard who nearly makes a mark on their car. MacGyver is supposed to meet a mobster-turned-informant at the motel, but the meeting goes wrong. The mob shows up and kills MacGyver's friend before he can give MacGyver what he promised. Instead the bag lands in the old couple's car, where the old actor finds it and discovers it full of money.
Ep: 11 Phoenix Under Siege
While retrieving tickets for a hockey game at the Phoenix Foundation, MacGyver and his grandpa Harry get caught in the middle of a woman's plot to blow up the building using a bomb that she herself made. They try to escape, but are locked in. Now... More
While retrieving tickets for a hockey game at the Phoenix Foundation, MacGyver and his grandpa Harry get caught in the middle of a woman's plot to blow up the building using a bomb that she herself made. They try to escape, but are locked in. Now they must figure another way out before she activates the bomb.
Ep: 12 Family Matter
Pete's ex-wife and son are kidnapped down in Louisiana while on an archaeological trip. The kidnappers demand that Pete comes to Louisiana in exchange for letting his family go. But when he gets there, it soon becomes apparent that they don't... More
Pete's ex-wife and son are kidnapped down in Louisiana while on an archaeological trip. The kidnappers demand that Pete comes to Louisiana in exchange for letting his family go. But when he gets there, it soon becomes apparent that they don't plan to let any of them go.
Ep: 13 Soft Touch
MacGyver puts up Penny Parker for a few days while she's looking for a job as a singing telegram. But on her first day, she happens to witness two thugs torturing a man. Unfortunately, she can't find her way back, and when she does, MacGyver... More
MacGyver puts up Penny Parker for a few days while she's looking for a job as a singing telegram. But on her first day, she happens to witness two thugs torturing a man. Unfortunately, she can't find her way back, and when she does, MacGyver thinks this may be the start of something bigger as the victim is a Federal agent.
Ep: 14 Birth Day
MacGyver's fishing trip is cut short when he meets a very pregnant woman whose husband is out to kill her. Accidentally, she found out that his half-way home for ex-cons is really a recruiting place for new crimes. Mac and the woman are chased... More
MacGyver's fishing trip is cut short when he meets a very pregnant woman whose husband is out to kill her. Accidentally, she found out that his half-way home for ex-cons is really a recruiting place for new crimes. Mac and the woman are chased into a warehouse where they are trapped.
Ep: 15 Pirates
While on an expedition to find a Spanish treasure fleet, Dr. Barbara Ortega's boat is hi-jacked by modern-day pirates. They steal the small amount of treasure that she has already found - including the ship's log, which is the key to finding the... More
While on an expedition to find a Spanish treasure fleet, Dr. Barbara Ortega's boat is hi-jacked by modern-day pirates. They steal the small amount of treasure that she has already found - including the ship's log, which is the key to finding the whole fleet - and take off. When she makes it public that she was hi-jacked, the Phoenix Foundation sends MacGyver to help. Now, MacGyver and Barbara must recover the ship's log, so she can find the treasure before the pirates do.
Ep: 16 Out in the Cold
When MacGyver and Pete go skiing, a man switches poles with MacGyver, only moments before being gunned down and killed by his former friends. But the gunshot starts an avalanche, which covers MacGyver completely, leaving it up to Pete to convince... More
When MacGyver and Pete go skiing, a man switches poles with MacGyver, only moments before being gunned down and killed by his former friends. But the gunshot starts an avalanche, which covers MacGyver completely, leaving it up to Pete to convince the mountain rangers to stage a search and rescue before the next avalanche comes. As MacGyver finally is dug up, the gangsters are there, waiting for him, and whatever is hidden in that ski pole.
Ep: 17 Dalton, Jack of Spies
Dalton, who is believed to be dead, recruits MacGyver to help uncover a CIA mole.
Ep: 18 Partners
MacGyver and Pete meet at a wrecking yard, both thinking that the other one arranged the meeting. Soon an unknown assailant captures them inside a big truck. Their only clue is an obituary for them and Jack Dalton.
Ep: 19 Bushmaster
When MacGyver is sent to rescue an American pilot held in Central America for supposed espionage, his wargame-trained daughter tags along, but she didn't quite come prepared for the real thing. MacGyver must now rescue the pilot while keeping his... More
When MacGyver is sent to rescue an American pilot held in Central America for supposed espionage, his wargame-trained daughter tags along, but she didn't quite come prepared for the real thing. MacGyver must now rescue the pilot while keeping his daughter safe from the soldiers.
Ep: 20 Friends
MacGyver's friends throw a birthday party for him, but he's somberly reflecting on his past and future. While reflecting, MacGyver decides to leave the Phoenix Foundation to get married and have a family. Can Pete convince him of how important he... More
MacGyver's friends throw a birthday party for him, but he's somberly reflecting on his past and future. While reflecting, MacGyver decides to leave the Phoenix Foundation to get married and have a family. Can Pete convince him of how important he is to the Foundation and get him to change his mind?
Ep: 21 D.O.A.: MacGyver
MacGyver is called to a meeting with a former British spy, who has learned of a group of terrorists that will use a new plastic explosive in a vengeful attack on the U.S. army. This explosive can be hidden anywhere. However, before the spy can... More
MacGyver is called to a meeting with a former British spy, who has learned of a group of terrorists that will use a new plastic explosive in a vengeful attack on the U.S. army. This explosive can be hidden anywhere. However, before the spy can give MacGyver all the details he is shot. MacGyver flees through a window and is picked up by a boat. The female who owns the boat soon learns that the man she has rescued doesn't have any memory.
Ep: 22 For Love or Money
MacGyver is forced to work with a ruthless freelance agent to rescue a human rights activist who is being held in a psychiatric hospital in Czechoslovakia. The rescue is an apparent success, until the secret police then kidnap the activist's wife... More
MacGyver is forced to work with a ruthless freelance agent to rescue a human rights activist who is being held in a psychiatric hospital in Czechoslovakia. The rescue is an apparent success, until the secret police then kidnap the activist's wife to get him back.
Ep: 1 Lost Love (1)
While helping the People's Republic of China secure a priceless national treasure—The Ming Dragon—in a San Diego museum, MacGyver runs into a Lisa, a woman that he had loved and thought was long dead. MacGyver learns that Lisa has been alive... More
While helping the People's Republic of China secure a priceless national treasure—The Ming Dragon—in a San Diego museum, MacGyver runs into a Lisa, a woman that he had loved and thought was long dead. MacGyver learns that Lisa has been alive all these years and needs his help escaping the KGB.
The KBG have Lisa in their grasp, and MacGyver must get The Ming Dragon for them to free Lisa. MacGyver enlists the help of his old buddy, Jack Dalton, to help him steal it.
Ep: 3 Back From the Dead
Jimmy Kendall, living undercover after testifying against his Mob bosses, surfaces when he becomes the manager for a winning baseball team.
Ep: 4 Ghost Ship
While mapping the wilderness for the Phoenix foundation, MacGyver stumbles on a deserted ship and finds a runaway girl who tells him that the rest of crew was driven away by Bigfoot.
Ep: 5 Fire and Ice
A jewel thief with diplomatic immunity kills Mac's friend. But there are more people involved in the crime - and Mac can't be sure who's on his side.
Ep: 6 GX-1
Mac and Nikki race to recover equipment from a downed experimental plane before the Soviets, who are using a psychic to guide them to the wreckage.
Ep: 7 Jack in the Box
MacGyver and Jack Dalton are arrested in Arkansas by a corrupt sheriff who arrests people to make them work in a labor camp used for mining gold. MacGyver wants to escape, but Jack has other ideas: He wants to find five million dollars his uncle... More
MacGyver and Jack Dalton are arrested in Arkansas by a corrupt sheriff who arrests people to make them work in a labor camp used for mining gold. MacGyver wants to escape, but Jack has other ideas: He wants to find five million dollars his uncle Charlie left in the mines years before.
Ep: 8 The Widowmaker
MacGyver is forced out of his grief over the tragic death of a friend by a madman with a score to settle from their past association.
Ep: 9 Hell Week
A desperate physics student goes off the deep end and boobytraps a college lab when he fails to win a science competition and to live up to his father's high expectations.
Ep: 10 Blow Out
MacGyver teams up with colleague Nikki Carpenter to find out who is behind the attempts on her life. When they find out that the man who tried to kill her is connected to two terrorists who blew up a local post office, MacGyver and Nikki must... More
MacGyver teams up with colleague Nikki Carpenter to find out who is behind the attempts on her life. When they find out that the man who tried to kill her is connected to two terrorists who blew up a local post office, MacGyver and Nikki must find out what the terrorist's next target is before it's too late.
Ep: 11 Kill Zone
An impulsive scientist who cuts corners in her research work creates an uncontrollably mutating organism that speeds up the aging process.
Ep: 12 Early Retirement
While testing a new nuclear bomb defusing team at the Phoenix Foundation, a deadly explosion kills three men. Pete blames himself for not inspecting their equipment better and resigns from his job out of guilt. However, Pete is replaced by a... More
While testing a new nuclear bomb defusing team at the Phoenix Foundation, a deadly explosion kills three men. Pete blames himself for not inspecting their equipment better and resigns from his job out of guilt. However, Pete is replaced by a not-so-trustworthy man—one who may have been connected to the explosion.
Ep: 13 Thin Ice
While back in Minnesota to fill in as coach for a high-school hockey team, MacGyver tries to change the attitude of a callous player who has a shot at playing for the pros. But when this kid's ambition lands another player in the hospital,... More
While back in Minnesota to fill in as coach for a high-school hockey team, MacGyver tries to change the attitude of a callous player who has a shot at playing for the pros. But when this kid's ambition lands another player in the hospital, MacGyver must try and find out what or who is pushing him so hard to succeed.
Ep: 14 The Odd Triple
After returning home from a long assignment, MacGyver has an unwelcome surprise. Jack Dalton is waiting and wants him to help with a new scheme. A wealthy woman has just acquired some invaluable jewels, needing Jack to fly her back to her home in... More
After returning home from a long assignment, MacGyver has an unwelcome surprise. Jack Dalton is waiting and wants him to help with a new scheme. A wealthy woman has just acquired some invaluable jewels, needing Jack to fly her back to her home in France. Things seem to be going fine, that is, until they land. Jack and MacGyver are arrested and accused of theft.
Ep: 15 The Negotiator
MacGyver becomes infatuated with a woman while conducting environmental-impact studies. However, what MacGyver does not know is that the woman was hired to "persuade" him to skip the studies—and if necessary, kill him.
Ep: 16 The Spoilers
MacGyver enlists a recluse nicknamed "Earthquake" to help find a person who is dumping toxic waste and polluting mountain streams.
Ep: 17 Mask of the Wolf
Jack and Mac help an ancient Indian search for a wolf mask that two mercenaries are also eager to have.
Ep: 18 Rock the Cradle
Mac and Jack return from a flight to find an abandoned baby in Jack's hangar, complete with a desperate note from the mother and his own endowment fund hidden in his diapers.
Ep: 19 The Endangered
While visiting an old girlfriend who's a park ranger at a wildlife reserve, MacGyver runs into deadly poachers who are intent on hunting animals on the reserve. When MacGyver tries to uncover their plot, they come after him. Now it's a race... More
While visiting an old girlfriend who's a park ranger at a wildlife reserve, MacGyver runs into deadly poachers who are intent on hunting animals on the reserve. When MacGyver tries to uncover their plot, they come after him. Now it's a race against time to escape the poachers, save the animals, and save their own lives.
Ep: 20 Murderers' Sky
When the head of a American-Chinese shipping company is attacked in his office by a killer, MacGyver and the man's grandson—who is heir to the company—must find out who was behind the attempt on his life.
Ep: 1 The Secret of Parker House
MacGyver accompanies his friend Penny Parker to an old house she has inherited from her Aunt Betty, who mysteriously died 30 years before. When strange things start happening, Penny is sure that the house is haunted. However, MacGyver tries to... More
MacGyver accompanies his friend Penny Parker to an old house she has inherited from her Aunt Betty, who mysteriously died 30 years before. When strange things start happening, Penny is sure that the house is haunted. However, MacGyver tries to convince her that there's no such thing as ghosts, but then he starts witnessing the strange events, too.
Ep: 2 Blood Brothers
MacGyver returns to his home town of Mission City, Minnesota to meet up with two old friends, Chuck and Neil, so they can dig up a time capsule they buried twenty-five years before. However, MacGyver is hesitant to dig the capsule up because he... More
MacGyver returns to his home town of Mission City, Minnesota to meet up with two old friends, Chuck and Neil, so they can dig up a time capsule they buried twenty-five years before. However, MacGyver is hesitant to dig the capsule up because he is still haunted by the death of his old friend Jesse, who died when MacGyver was young. But now MacGyver has another problem to deal with. Chuck's and Neil's sons, Danny and Sean, have gotten wrapped up in a drug deal, and the dealer is after Danny. Danny takes off to hide, and now MacGyver must find him, before the drug dealer does.
Ep: 3 The Outsiders
MacGyver helps an Amish family, who saved his life, from having their farm seized by the government.
Ep: 4 On a Wing and a Prayer
Central American rebels capture Pete and a nun, and it's up to Mac and Jack to rescue them. But, Jack's plane is sub par, and they go down in the middle of enemy territory.
Ep: 5 Collision Course
When a friend of Mac's is injured in a crash, Mac agrees to test the new racing engine designed by the Phoenix Foundation. However a business rival has other plans for him, and he has someone from the inside to help him.
Ep: 6 The Survivors
While on assignment for the Phoenix Foundation to test field agents to make sure they are still in shape, MacGyver finds out he now has another agent to test: Pete. Things take a turn for the worse when MacGyver and Pete head into the wilderness... More
While on assignment for the Phoenix Foundation to test field agents to make sure they are still in shape, MacGyver finds out he now has another agent to test: Pete. Things take a turn for the worse when MacGyver and Pete head into the wilderness where they stumble upon a wrecked plane and pictures of two dangerous drug smugglers who shot it down.
Ep: 7 Deadly Dreams
MacGyver gets involved in the search for an escaped serial killer. Soon he comes to the conclusion that the killer had help from another prisoner—an even more sinister man.
Ep: 8 Ma Dalton
Jack receives mementos of his father from an anonymous sender. This triggers a search for Jack´s mother, who has been missing since Jack was a boy. But when he finally gets to meet her, she turns out to be a fugitive in fear of her life, and... More
Jack receives mementos of his father from an anonymous sender. This triggers a search for Jack´s mother, who has been missing since Jack was a boy. But when he finally gets to meet her, she turns out to be a fugitive in fear of her life, and Jack´s presence only complicate things more.
Ep: 9 Cleo Rocks
Penny Parker's big chance in a major professional role is threatened from two directions: a money shortage and several deaths linked to the musical she is set to perform in.
Ep: 10 Fraternity of Thieves
When Pete's son, Michael, returns to work for the foundation, neither Pete nor MacGyver see that Michael has used his connections to get closer to a Phoenix Foundation technology system in order to steal it and to sell it to the mysterious... More
When Pete's son, Michael, returns to work for the foundation, neither Pete nor MacGyver see that Michael has used his connections to get closer to a Phoenix Foundation technology system in order to steal it and to sell it to the mysterious Papillion. But Papillion has plans of his own for Michael and his gang.
Ep: 11 The Battle of Tommy Giordano
When a kid is kidnapped by his estranged father, MacGyver tries to help the mother, a Phoenix employee, to rescue the boy. But the father is the son of an aging organized crime kingpin whose control is being threatened by subordinates.
Ep: 12 The Challenge
An inner city youth club is threatened when a black resident is framed for auto theft by a neighborhood racist who'll stop at nothing to close the center—even murder.
Ep: 13 Runners
MacGyver helps a young runaway with a vicious pimp and a tragic secret about her policeman father.
Ep: 14 Gold Rush
MacGyver joins a joint U.S.-U.S.S.R. team trekking into the Alaskan wilderness to retrieve a huge amount of Russian gold from a downed plane only to learn that someone has beaten them to it.
Ep: 15 The Invisible Killer
MacGyver heads up a trip with four other Phoenix Foundation employees into the wilderness as part of a stress reduction program. After discovering that a prison bus accident has freed several prisoners, the employees begin to question each... More
MacGyver heads up a trip with four other Phoenix Foundation employees into the wilderness as part of a stress reduction program. After discovering that a prison bus accident has freed several prisoners, the employees begin to question each other's behavior. MacGyver must now figure out which man, if any, is not to be trusted before it's too late.
Ep: 16 Brainwashed
Jack Dalton is brainwashed by an African politician and his wife to assassinate the leader of an African nation, who is in town for an awards ceremony.
Ep: 17 Easy Target
MacGyver and Pete are captured by terrorists intent on wiping out a nearby city with an electromagnetic pulse, unless their leader is freed.
Ep: 18 Renegade
MacGyver works hard to retrieve the anthrax bacillus stolen by a former Navy commando who once saved his life, and is now suffering the effects of an old head wound.
Ep: 19 Unfinished Business
Jack, MacGyver, and Pete review their past adventures while on a gold-panning expedition, unaware they're being stalked by a vengeful killer.
Ep: 1 The Legend of the Holy Rose (1)
Opening gambit- The Airplane: MacGyver rescues a man who is being held against his will on a high cliff, with a home-built para-glider. MacGyver and an old friend dash around the world searching for the artifacts necessary to locate the Holy... More
Opening gambit- The Airplane: MacGyver rescues a man who is being held against his will on a high cliff, with a home-built para-glider. MacGyver and an old friend dash around the world searching for the artifacts necessary to locate the Holy Grail, just one step ahead of a ruthless man on the same trail, who will do anything to get to it before they do...
MacGyver and an old friend dash around the world searching for the artifacts necessary to locate the Holy Grail, just one step ahead of a ruthless man on the same trail.
Ep: 3 The Black Corsage
Mac and a bounty hunter join forces with a bulldog named Frog to track down a Bulgarian defector who was the accidental witness at a murder and who is now being stalked by the killer, who needs a map she doesn't know she possesses.
Ep: 4 Cease Fire
During some tough negotiations between two neighbouring states, one side plants a sniper in the vincinity. When Mac discovers the sniper, fights him, but loses the man, the accusations go out against Mac. Wounded, he is forced to run, and hide at... More
During some tough negotiations between two neighbouring states, one side plants a sniper in the vincinity. When Mac discovers the sniper, fights him, but loses the man, the accusations go out against Mac. Wounded, he is forced to run, and hide at a private girls' school, where one of the young ladies becomes his only hope to prevent further bloodshed. But the young girl has her own issues, and the assassination attemts won't stop until the targeted delegate is dead.
Ep: 5 Second Chance
MacGyver and an old friend discover a gang ripping off medical supplies from a Phoenix Foundation clinic in Asia, and an Amerasian son the friend never knew he had.
Ep: 6 Halloween Knights
Mac is called to Jack's hangar, but when he comes there, Jack is gone. The only clue leads to a cemetary. Mac goes there, thinks that he sees Jack, but suddenly he's trapped underground - by Murdoc. Murdoc asks Mac for help in locating his... More
Mac is called to Jack's hangar, but when he comes there, Jack is gone. The only clue leads to a cemetary. Mac goes there, thinks that he sees Jack, but suddenly he's trapped underground - by Murdoc. Murdoc asks Mac for help in locating his sister, whom he has kept secret for all years, but who's now been kidnapped by Murdoc's old employers: a cartel of assassins-for-hire. Mac and Murdoc attempt to sneak into the cartel's club, using Halloween costumes and a secret meeting between the leaders of the cartel. But just as they think they have found the sister, they are caught in deadly gauntlet...
Ep: 7 Children of Light
MacGyver's Chinese foster daughter arrives unexpectedly from China, carrying videotape of the massacre in Tianamen Square and a list of fax machine phone numbers vital to the continuing freedom movement.
Ep: 8 Black Rhino
MacGyver takes off for Africa, where the youngest of the Colton brothers has decided to take on deadly rhino poachers single-handedly.
Ep: 9 The Ten Percent Solution
The Phoenix Foundation purchase of a Nazi art treasure leads Mac to a concentration camp survivor who claims family ownership of the painting and an `Aryan nation' group actively working to create their own country.
Ep: 10 Two Times Trouble
MacGyver tries to help an old friend who believes her jealous twin sister is trying to kill her.
Ep: 11 The Madonna
On Christmas Eve, MacGyver tries to help the priest of a poor church locate a stolen Madonna figure, help his friend Cynthia figure out how to keep the Challenger Club solvent and figure out a strange street woman who seems to have a miracle up... More
On Christmas Eve, MacGyver tries to help the priest of a poor church locate a stolen Madonna figure, help his friend Cynthia figure out how to keep the Challenger Club solvent and figure out a strange street woman who seems to have a miracle up her sleeve.
Ep: 12 Serenity
Exhausted MacGyver dreams he's a Civil War vet trying to claim a home in Montana that's threatened by a neighboring rancher who looks a lot like Pete Thornton. But this Pete has hired Murdoc to kill Mac...
Ep: 13 Live and Learn
MacGyver tries to inspire a promising but unmotivated high school student, despite the negative efforts of a cynical teacher and the boy's skeptical father.
Ep: 14 Log Jam
MacGyver tries to help an environmentally active friend find out what happened to a company whistle-blower about to expose the illegal practices of a large logging firm.
Ep: 15 The Treasure of Manco
MacGyver and a friend race with a group of dedicated guerillas to locate a valuable Incan treasure.
Ep: 16 Jenny's Chance
MacGyver, Dalton, and Thornton go undercover to expose a murderous money launderer.
Ep: 17 Deep Cover
Pete and Mac try to help when a Phoenix Foundation engineer is seduced and betrayed by a spy seeking her prototype for a new stealth technology for submarines.
Ep: 18 The Lost Amadeus
A strange young woman gets Mac involved with a priceless violin and an eccentric maestro being sought by syndicate hoods.
Ep: 19 Hearts of Steel
MacGyver is reunited with Lisa, whose help cleared him of assassination charges in Switzerland, when a steel plant executive kidnaps her as revenge against her cold corporate-raider father.
Ep: 20 Rush to Judgement
MacGyver risks judicial displeasure when he breaks jury sequester to investigate the scene of a racially charged murder, and discovers evidence that drastically alters the interpretation of the facts.
Ep: 21 Passages
Frantic with worry about his gravely-ill Grandpa Harry, MacGyver experiences a strange near-death phenomena, seeing his parents again, when he's injured by a man who's stolen an ancient Egyptian relic.
Ep: 1 Tough Boys
MacGyver's pacifist policies are put to the test by a militant youth leader he hooks up with to find out who has been organizing a gang of youthful vigilantes using extreme measures to clean the neighborhood crack problem.
Ep: 2 Humanity
MacGyver and Thornton are left to the mercies of a Romanian agent still loyal to his deposed leader Ceausescu after a mission to obtain his secret files is sabotaged.
Ep: 3 The Gun
MacGyver searches for a gun used in an assassination twenty years ago and in a present day cop killing to clear a friend.
Ep: 4 Twenty Questions
MacGyver tries to help his teenage friend Lisa admit she has a drinking problem, but it takes a brush with the law when she's implicated in a string of home break-ins to really wake her up.
Ep: 5 The Wall
MacGyver helps reunite an East German girl with her grandfather in America, unaware that she's been recruited by two bitter former Stasi agents who believe the old man possesses a store of hidden gold.
Ep: 6 Lesson in Evil
Dr. Zito returns to menace MacGyver and Murphy when he escapes after his latest sanity hearing, leaving a series of nasty clues designed to give Mac a crash course in evil.
Ep: 7 Harry's Will
When Mac tries to claim the station wagon left to him by his late Grandpa Harry, it starts a strange chase that leads him to an ex-con with a dream of running a restaurant, a soup kitchen in need of money, and a gang of crooks out for themselves.
Ep: 8 MacGyver's Women
Macgyver's reluctance to commit to a permanent relationship causes him to dream an Old West scenario where he defends three of his lady friends from some ornery outlaws as he drives their wagon cross country.
Ep: 9 Bitter Harvest
MacGyver goes undercover to investigate the death of a farm-worker organizer during an investigation of illegal pesticide use.
Ep: 10 The Visitor
Mac uncovers an out-of-this-world scam when he investigates some mysterious indentations in a farmer's field.
Ep: 11 Squeeze Play
Mac defends a former player's daughter being blackmailed by a baseball memorabilia-counterfeiting ring trading on her father's name.
Ep: 12 Jerico Games
Mac is reunited with a high school sweetheart whose husband is a wealthy man sponsoring an international sports competition.
Ep: 13 The Wasteland
Mac seeks to stop a shortsighted developer whose latest project will create an environmental ruin and could result in his premature death at the hands of his greedy children.
Ep: 14 Eye of Osiris
Mac helps out on an archelogical dig for Alexander the Great's tomb. But the expedition seems to be followed by bad luck. Several incidents nearly causes a shut-down. Then Mac finds clues leading to Alex's tomb. Unfortunally, the accidents are... More
Mac helps out on an archelogical dig for Alexander the Great's tomb. But the expedition seems to be followed by bad luck. Several incidents nearly causes a shut-down. Then Mac finds clues leading to Alex's tomb. Unfortunally, the accidents are not coincidental, and they meet a very vengeful man who traps them inside the grave...
Ep: 15 High Control
Mac tries to help an acquaintance just out of prison stay on the straight and narrow despite the efforts of his old biker gang to blackmail him into rejoining them.
Ep: 16 There But for the Grace
Mac feels a personal involvement in the death of a priest who worked among the homeless and takes to the streets himself to find the killer.
Ep: 17 Blind Faith
An old sweetheart of Pete Thornton's appeals to him for help when she tries to reveal the atrocities being committed in her Latin American homeland.
Ep: 18 Faith, Hope & Charity
Mac finds himself being cared for by two determined ladies running a bed and breakfast in an isolated spot chosen as a drop spot by two murderous mobsters with an untrustworthy partner.
Ep: 19 Strictly Business
After enlisting MacGyver's help in saving his sister (from a previous episode), Murdoc wants to come out of retirement, but his former employers at Homicide International request that he take out MacGyver as a demonstration of his sincere desire... More
After enlisting MacGyver's help in saving his sister (from a previous episode), Murdoc wants to come out of retirement, but his former employers at Homicide International request that he take out MacGyver as a demonstration of his sincere desire to rejoin them. Knowing that MacGyver is the only contract that he failed to execute, Murdocs agrees to "clear" his otherwise perfect record. MacGyver, returning home one night, finds Murdoc waiting for him at his dinner table- with dinner waiting. Murdoc sets MacGyver up for execution and forces MacGyver to admit defeat to him- or be killed via cyanide. After that, Murdoc warns MacGyver of his intention to kill him and then leaves. MacGyver knows the professional killer is not bluffing- and he knows he will use anybody and do anything to get to him...
Ep: 20 Trail of Tears
A land dispute over the building an electricity station pits a fanatical Native American, convinced he has been given a mission by his spiritual ancestors, against the power company and MacGyver, who's just as sure that the Indian spirits are... More
A land dispute over the building an electricity station pits a fanatical Native American, convinced he has been given a mission by his spiritual ancestors, against the power company and MacGyver, who's just as sure that the Indian spirits are opposed to the man's violent plans.
Ep: 21 Hind-Sight
As Pete waits for glaucoma surgery, he and MacGyver reminisce about their past adventures and try to figure out who has been sending some vaguely threatening messages to Pete.
Ep: 1 Honest Abe
Mac's trip to the airport to pick a friend's father arriving for his grandson's bar mitzvah turns into a wild international caper involving Caribbean terrorists and a stolen helicopter.
Ep: 2 The 'Hood
Mac helps his new neighbors to rescue one of their own after she overhears two hitmen planning a job.
Ep: 3 Obsessed
The ghost of his archenemy Murdoc leaves MacGyver sleepless and on edge just as he is about to supervise the security of the criminal trial of a deposed dictator, a task that could determine Pete's continued employment at The Phoenix Foundation.
Ep: 4 The Prometheus Syndrome
MacGyver becomes personally involved in the effort to find a psychopathic arsonist.
Ep: 5 The Coltons
Mac's old friends, the bounty-hunting Colton brothers try to find a young woman who's the only witness to a Chinatown murder, aided by their wise and patient mother, their impatient younger brother and their dog, Frog.
Ep: 6 Walking Dead
Mac helps his neighbor, Mama Lorraine, rescue a young student activist who has been kidnapped and turned into a zombie by Haitian terrorists hiding behind a powerful voodoo priest.
Ep: 7 Good Knight MacGyver (1)
A genealogy investigation and a knock on the head takes Mac back to King Arthur's court, where he must use his knowledge to prove Merlin innocent of harming the King, find the fair Cecilia and foil Morgana's attempt to take over the throne.
Ep: 9 Deadly Silents
Mac tries to help an old silent film star retrieve the only existing prints of his work from a pair of special-effects obsessed fans.
Ep: 10 Split Decision
Mac's friend Earl Dent looks to him for help when he fights to retain custody of his teenage daughter while preparing for a boxing comeback that bookmakers want him to throw.
Ep: 11 Gunz 'N Boyz
Mac and the Challenger Club try to help a boy prepared to take the rap for another boy murdered by weapons dealers exploiting the fear and suspicion in the neighborhood.
Ep: 12 Off the Wall
Mac battles a callous slumlord when a young graffiti artist asks for help when his grandmother faces eviction from the apartment where she's spent her life.
Ep: 13 The Stringer
While working with Chinese dissidents to expose illegal labor camps, MacGyver gets unexpected help from a young photojournalist who claims to be his son!
Ep: 14 The Mountain of Youth
MacGyver joins Jack Dalton in Kabulstan on a search for a fountain of youth, but finds himself battling nuclear terrorists in the process.
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We thought we had seen presentation disaster at its worst with the last set of PowerPoint slides. We were wrong. These train wrecks, captured in all their not-so-fiery infamy, show what truly terrible PPT slides can do to burn innocent audiences everywhere.
Can I Get an Acronym?
JPEG versus GIF Battle Royale!
If this slide doesn't define irony, then I don't know what does.
Oops! I spoke too soon on the previous slide. This slide attempts to explain the details of an online survey on "what annoyed audiences most about PowerPoint presentations": 120.7% of respondents said: "Slides Are Too Complicated." Math and English extra help anyone?
Mind you, this slide aims to help people: "Effective Presentations Using PowerPoint" is the title, noted at the bottom. Also be sure to note that, purportedly, 76 slides come before this one.


Came back to my seat and wondered why my laptop has masking tap on it.
Rushed to the toilet halfway cause damn urgent.
Are you stalking me now, mr bean?
OKAY I GEDDIT ITS APRILS FOOL BITCHESSSSS.
LET ME PEE IN PEACE!
Kthanks @iamselheng for sprouting mr bean (geddit geddit) all around the office today.
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J. Bone talks DC Super Friends.
Thanks to CBR for running this interview. CBR asks: you've been committed to "Super Friends" now for more than two years. What freedoms does working on an all-ages book allow? Any restrictions? J. responds: "I think the freedom the book has is that it's not part of DC continuity. The book is free from crossovers… Read More J. Bone talks DC Super Friends.
Two GG's for Harvey / Deux GG pour Harvey
canadacouncil.ca Montreal, November 17, 2009 – The names of winners of the 2009 Governor General's Literary Awards were announced today by the Canada Council for the Arts. The seven English and seven French awards are given to authors, illustrators and translators and in the categories of fiction, poetry, drama, non‑fiction, children's literature (text and illustration)… Read More Two GG's for Harvey / Deux GG pour Harvey
November 25th, 2009 Releases featuring Canadian Creators
If I have missed any works by Canadian Comic Book Creators, please leave a comment, or send me an email at jason@joeshusterawards.com Astonishing X-Men: Ghost Box Trade Paperback Marvel US$24.99 Artwork and Colours by Kaare Andrews. Batman: The Brave And The Bold #11 DC/Johnny US$2.50 Written by J. Torres. Berserker #3 Image US$2.99 Colours and… Read More November 25th, 2009 Releases featuring Canadian Creators
It's open! Libraire the 4th Wall
With an eye towards being the comic equivalent of an Apple Store, Librairie the 4th Wall opened it's doors last month. Owned by webcomic creator Ryan Sohmer and others, Librairie the 4th Wall is located in bustling Pointe-Claire, Quebec, a suburb of Montreal bustling with 16 to 30 year olds. With the store receiving great… Read More It's open! Libraire the 4th Wall
Excellence in Teaching + Comic Books = GG Award
Lindsay Hall, of Woodstock, Ontario, is one of seven teachers to be honoured with the Governor General's Awards for Excellence in Teaching Canadian History. Hall's award comes from her use of movies, video games and, specifically, comic books, in the the examination of World War II. In Lindsay Hall's Grade 10 class, and the mandatory… Read More Excellence in Teaching + Comic Books = GG Award
11/23/2009 Robert Haines

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Russell Orlando Huggins is an Attorney-at-Law by profession. He was born in Toco. Huggins attended Queens Royal College and then the University of the West Indies Cave Hill Campus where he studied for his Law degree. He later attended the Hugh Wooding Law School in 1978 where he completed his legal training. By 1982, Huggins has become a Partner.
Russell Huggins served as the Minister of National Security for three (3) years from 1992 - 1995 in the first Cabinet of Prime Minister Patrick Manning.
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with 3 of his "babes"
Custom sports figurines created to your specifications. A unique gift for coaches and team members, each clay figurine can function as a trophy or award. Your sports person in action, any game or activity is possible with these humorous personalized sports figurines. Let us know the sport, team uniform, team name and number and any other specifications and we will sculpt the perfect custom trophy/award/present for the athlete in your life. Excellent reward for coaches or members of the team. Look through these past examples and contact us to get the ball rolling...present them with their own custom trophy.
the winning team loved it!
the sculptures are really amazing!
I keep staring at them......and seeing something new each time!


Access the tools media professionals use in one unique package - The Autodesk Media & Entertainment Collection.
Autodesk media and entertainment software is widely used across the entire spectrum of projects and is the software of choice that has helped the creation of a string of Oscar winning blockbusters and TV series such as Jungle Book, Harry Potter, Rise of the Planet of the Apes, Transformers and Game of Thrones.
In the gaming industry, Autodesk software has been used in a run of globally successful titles such as Deus Ex, Uncharted and Black Ops III and is the platform of choice for industry leading studio's such as EA Sports, Eidos and Ubisoft.
The list of global projects is almost endless and the Media and Entertainment Collection delivers no matter what your challenge may be, from 3D modelling, animating, rendering, Autodesk make sure you have the right tools to achieve goals, targets and deadlines, so all you need to bring to the table is your creativity and commitment to deliver stunning CGI or VFX.
Featuring industry leading software, Maya and 3ds Max, you can take your designs to a whole new level, thanks to the high-end features and functionalities. Couple this with key software such as Mudbox, Motionbuilder and ReCap Pro and you have the capability to bring your most imaginative and drastic ideas to life.
Whether you are designing for the next upcoming film blockbuster, TV hit or game phenomenon, be confident knowing you can create realistic characters, picturesque environments and wow audiences with striking visual effects; using the Media & Entertainment Collection from Autodesk.
This short video shows a typical workflow using the software within the Media & Entertainment Collection. It guides you from conceptual drawing, to drone photogrammetry, animation layout, texturing, look development to the final process of interactive and batch rendering.
The Media & Entertainment Collection is available on a monthly, annually or 3 yearly term subscription, giving you the flexibility to choose what is best for you, your company or project criteria.
As an added benefit, when you purchase your subscription through Graitec you can get 30 days installation support for free.
You may also be surprised to know that the collection is more cost-effective than buying 2 individual products; meaning you are getting a range of high end software applications at an extremely good price and ultimately saving money.
If you would like to purchase the Media & Entertainment Collection, just give Graitec a call or click on the button below and we will be happy to guide you through our best deals and any offers that may currently be available.
We also offer flexible payment options and terms, so be sure to get in touch today.
Continue reading to find out more about the Autodesk Media & Entertainment Collection.
Like stated above, you can access to the Autodesk Media & Entertainment Collection by subscribing to the software; this is available through a single user or multi user license. If you choose a multi user license, then multiple users can get access to this; it is important to know that only one user can use the software at a time though.
• Cloud storage and more!
A full list of subscription benefits, including information on each can be found on our 'Subscribe to Autodesk' page.
What does the Media & Entertainment Collection Include?
Subscribing to the Autodesk Media & Entertainment Collection means you can decide which programmes you want to install and there is an assortment to choose from. Creating a 3D world to a project for virtual reality, you can download the software that is most suited for you.
Maya – Animation, modelling, simulation and rendering. Get a complete toolset that allows you to work effectively and efficiently on workflows and projects. Just a few of the key features include a motion graphics toolset, parallel rig evaluation and symmetry modelling.
3ds Max – 3D visualisations to virtual reality experiences. With 3ds Max you have a powerful set of tools enabling you to produce characters, environments and 3d animations, and render these out at a high quality.
Motionbuilder – Animators and directors, with Motionbuilder you can easily create 3D character animations with realistic human movement.
Sketchbook – This drawing app is perfect for concept drawings and illustrations, allowing you to quickly and easily get your ideas on Digital 'paper'; using unlimited brushes, predictive stroke, layers and more.
Mudbox – 3D artists can sculpt and paint in Mudbox using a tactile and intuitive toolset, that features a familiar layered workflow.
Character Generator – Using web based tools, create 3D characters for animation and alter their full appearance including clothes and hair.
Recap Pro – Use Recap to 'tidy up' your reality captured designs and turn them into a point cloud or mesh. These 3D models are then ready for use in your other CAD software programmes.
Autodesk Rendering – Tired of waiting hours, if not days for your designs and projects to render locally? Use the power of the cloud to create photo-realistic renders and view them on-line in less time.
Cloud Storage – With the Media & Entertainment Collection you get 25 GB to use in the cloud.
Working within the Media & Entertainment industry you will know that having the correct hardware is vital for efficiency, productivity and to meet tight deadlines.
With the range of applications available within the collection, it is important to make sure your workstation is sufficient for running the software you'll be using so please make sure you visit the Autodesk website and find out the software hardware requirements. As with all software investing in the right hardware solution will dramatically improve both your productivity and user experience so don't look at minimums, as you'll ideally need a good balance of Processors, Graphics, Memory and ultra fast storage to really make your software work to it's full potential.
Graitec are HP Workstation specialists, so if you need to invest in new we can provide pre-configured workstations that are more than capable of running a number of CAD applications, all at an affordable price or even a bespoke HP High end workstation to meet your demanding requirements.
If you are interested in subscribing to the Autodesk Media & Entertainment Collection or would like to discuss hardware requirements, just click on the button below and a member of the team will be in touch to guide you through what's best for you or your company; including deals, payment options and any available offers.


text:
MFIT
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The Second Brain | Our Enteric Nervous System
Posted on July 20, 2014 by Michael Sterling
Your body contains a separate nervous system that is so complex it has been dubbed the second brain. The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the reflexes of the gastrointestinal system.
It comprises an estimated 500 million neurons – about five times as many as in the brain of a rat – and is around 9 metres long, stretching from your oesophagus to your anus. It is this brain that could be responsible for your craving under stress for crisps, chocolate and biscuits
Michael Sterling on The Second Brain – Our Enteric Nervous System
Embedded in the wall of the gut, the enteric nervous system (ENS) has long been known to control digestion. Now it seems it also plays an important role in our physical and mental well-being. It can work both independently of and in conjunction with the brain in your head and, although you are not conscious of your gut "thinking", the ENS helps you sense environmental threats, and then influences your response. "A lot of the information that the gut sends to the brain affects well-being, and doesn't even come to consciousness," says Michael Gershon at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York.
If you look inside the human body, you can't fail to notice the brain and its offshoots of nerve cells running along the spinal cord. The ENS, a widely distributed network of neurons spread throughout two layers of gut tissue, is far less obvious, which is why it wasn't discovered until the mid-19th century. It is part of the autonomic nervous system, the network of peripheral nerves that control visceral functions. It is also the original nervous system, emerging in the first vertebrates over 500 million years ago and becoming more complex as vertebrates evolved – possibly even giving rise to the brain itself.
Digestion is a complicated business, so it makes sense to have a dedicated network of nerves to oversee it. As well as controlling the mechanical mixing of food in the stomach and coordinating muscle contractions to move it through the gut, the ENS also maintains the biochemical environment within different sections of the gut, keeping them at the correct pH and chemical composition needed for digestive enzymes to do their job.
But there is another reason the ENS needs so many neurons: eating is fraught with danger. Like the skin, the gut must stop potentially dangerous invaders, such as bacteria and viruses, from getting inside the body. If a pathogen should cross the gut lining, immune cells in the gut wall secrete inflammatory substances including histamine, which are detected by neurons in the ENS. The gut brain then either triggers diarrhoea or alerts the brain in the head, which may decide to initiate vomiting, or both.
You needn't be a gastroenterologist to be aware of these gut reactions – or indeed the more subtle feelings in your stomach that accompany emotions such as excitement, fear and stress. For hundreds of years, people have believed that the gut interacts with the brain to influence health and disease. Yet this connection has only been studied over the last century. Two pioneers in this field were American physician Byron Robinson, who in 1907 published The Abdominal and Pelvic Brain, and his contemporary, British physiologist Johannis Langley, who coined the term "enteric nervous system". Around this time, it also became clear that the ENS can act autonomously, with the discovery that if the main connection with the brain – the vagus nerve – is severed the ENS remains capable of coordinating digestion. Despite these discoveries, interest in the gut brain fell until the 1990s when the field of neurogastroenterology was born.
We now know that the ENS is not just capable of autonomy but also influences the brain. In fact, about 90 per cent of the signals passing along the vagus nerve come not from above, but from the ENS (American Journal of Physiology – Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, vol 283, p G1217).
The feel-good factor
The second brain also shares many features with the first. It is made up of various types of neuron, with glial support cells. It has its own version of a blood-brain barrier to keep its physiological environment stable. And it produces a wide range of hormones and around 40 neurotransmitters of the same classes as those found in the brain. In fact, neurons in the gut are thought to generate as much dopamine as those in the head. Intriguingly, about 95 per cent of the serotonin present in the body at any time is in the ENS.
What are these neurotransmitters doing in the gut? In the brain, dopamine is a signalling molecule associated with pleasure and the reward system. It acts as a signalling molecule in the gut too, transmitting messages between neurons that coordinate the contraction of muscles in the colon, for example. Also transmitting signals in the ENS is serotonin – best known as the "feel-good" molecule involved in preventing depression and regulating sleep, appetite and body temperature. But its influence stretches far beyond that. Serotonin produced in the gut gets into the blood, where it is involved in repairing damaged cells in the liver and lungs. It is also important for normal development of the heart, as well as regulating bone density by inhibiting bone formation (Cell, vol 135, p 825).
But what about mood? Obviously the gut brain doesn't have emotions, but can it influence those that arise in your head? The general consensus is that neurotransmitters produced in the gut cannot get into the brain – although, theoretically, they could enter small regions that lack a blood-brain barrier, including the hypothalamus. Nevertheless, nerve signals sent from the gut to the brain do appear to affect mood. Indeed, research published in 2006 indicates that stimulation of the vagus nerve can be an effective treatment for chronic depression that has failed to respond to other treatments (The British Journal of Psychiatry, vol 189, p 282).
Such gut to brain signals may also explain why fatty foods make us feel good. When ingested, fatty acids are detected by cell receptors in the lining of the gut, which send nerve signals to the brain. This may not be simply to keep it informed of what you have eaten. Brain scans of volunteers given a dose of fatty acids directly into the gut show they had a lower response to pictures and music designed to make them feel sad than those given saline. They also reported feeling only about half as sad as the other group (The Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol 121, p 3094).
There is further evidence of links between the two brains in our response to stress. The feeling of "butterflies" in your stomach is the result of blood being diverted away from it to your muscles as part of the fight or flight response instigated by the brain. However, stress also leads the gut to increase its production of ghrelin, a hormone that, as well as making you feel more hungry, reduces anxiety and depression. Ghrelin stimulates the release of dopamine in the brain both directly, by triggering neurons involved in pleasure and reward pathways, and indirectly by signals transmitted via the vagus nerve.
In our evolutionary past, the stress-busting effect of ghrelin may have been useful, as we would have needed to be calm when we ventured out in search of food, says Jeffrey Zigman at UT Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, Texas. In 2011, his team reported that mice exposed to chronic stress sought out fatty food, but those that were genetically engineered to be unable to respond to ghrelin did not (The Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol 121, p 2684). Zigman notes that in our modern world, with freely available high-fat food, the result of chronic stress or depression can be chronically elevated ghrelin – and obesity.
Gershon suggests that strong links between our gut and our mental state evolved because a lot of information about our environment comes from our gut. "Remember the inside of your gut is really the outside of your body," he says. So we can see danger with our eyes, hear it with our ears and detect it in our gut. Pankaj Pasricha, director of the Johns Hopkins Center for Neurogastroenterology in Baltimore, Maryland, points out that without the gut there would be no energy to sustain life. "Its vitality and healthy functioning is so critical that the brain needs to have a direct and intimate connection with the gut," he says.
But how far can comparisons between the two brains be taken? Most researchers draw the line at memory – Gershon is not one of them. He tells the story of a US army hospital nurse who administered enemas to the paraplegic patients on his ward at 10 o'clock every morning. When he left, his replacement dropped the practice. Nevertheless, at 10 the next morning, everyone on the ward had a bowel movement. This anecdote dates from the 1960s and while Gershon admits that there have been no other reports of gut memory since, he says he remains open to the idea.
Then there's decision-making. The concept of a "gut instinct" or "gut reaction" is well established, but in fact those fluttery sensations start with signals coming from the brain – the fight or flight response again. The resulting feeling of anxiety or excitement may affect your decision about whether to do that bungee jump or arrange a second date, but the idea that your second brain has directed the choice is not warranted. The subconscious "gut instinct" does involve the ENS but it is the brain in your head that actually perceives the threat. And as for conscious, logical reasoning, even Gershon accepts that the second brain doesn't do that. "Religion, poetry, philosophy, politics – that's all the business of the brain in the head," he says.
Still, it is becoming apparent that without a healthy, well-developed ENS we face problems far wider than mere indigestion. Pasricha has found that newborn rats whose stomachs are exposed to a mild chemical irritant are more depressed and anxious than other rats, with the symptoms continuing long after the physical damage has healed. This doesn't happen after other sorts of damage, like skin irritation, he says.
It has also emerged that various constituents of breast milk, including oxytocin, support the development of neurons in the gut (Molecular Nutrition and Food Research, vol 55, p 1592). This might explain why premature babies who are not breastfed are at higher risk of developing diarrhoea and necrotising enterocolitis, in which portions of the bowel become inflamed and die.
Serotonin is also crucial for the proper development of the ENS where, among its many roles, it acts as a growth factor. Serotonin-producing cells develop early on in the ENS, and if this development is affected, the second brain cannot form properly, as Gershon has shown in mutated mice. He believes that a gut infection or extreme stress in a child's earliest years may have the same effect, and that later in life this could lead to irritable bowel syndrome, a condition characterised by chronic abdominal pain with frequent diarrhoea or constipation that is often accompanied by depression. The idea that irritable bowel syndrome can be caused by the degeneration of neurons in the ENS is lent weight by recent research revealing that 87 out of 100 people with the condition had antibodies in their circulation that were attacking and killing neurons in the gut (Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, vol 18, p 78).
If nothing else, the discovery that problems with the ENS are implicated in all sorts of conditions means the second brain deserves a lot more recognition than it has had in the past. "Its aberrations are responsible for a lot of suffering," says Pasricha. He believes that a better understanding of the second brain could pay huge dividends in our efforts to control all sorts of conditions, from obesity and diabetes to problems normally associated with the brain such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Yet the number of researchers investigating the second brain remains small. "Given it's potential, it's astonishing how little attention has been paid to it," says Pasricha.
Mental illnesses of the gut
A growing realisation that the nervous system in our gut is not just responsible for digestion (see main story) is partly fuelled by discoveries that this "second brain" is implicated in a wide variety of brain disorders. In Parkinson's disease, for example, the problems with movement and muscle control are caused by a loss of dopamine-producing cells in the brain. However, Heiko Braak at the University of Frankfurt, Germany, has found that the protein clumps that do the damage, called Lewy bodies, also show up in dopamine-producing neurons in the gut. In fact, judging by the distribution of Lewy bodies in people who died of Parkinson's, Braak thinks it actually starts in the gut, as the result of an environmental trigger such as a virus, and then spreads to the brain via the vagus nerve.
Likewise, the characteristic plaques or tangles found in the brains of people with Alzheimer's are present in neurons in their guts too. And people with autism are prone to gastrointestinal problems, which are thought to be caused by the same genetic mutation that affects neurons in the brain.
Although we are only just beginning to understand the interactions between the two brains, already the gut offers a window into the pathology of the brain, says Pankaj Pasricha at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. "We can theoretically use gut biopsies to make early diagnoses, as well as to monitor response to treatments."
Cells in the second brain could even be used as a treatment themselves. One experimental intervention for neurodegenerative diseases involves transplanting neural stem cells into the brain to replenish lost neurons. Harvesting these cells from the brain or spinal cord is not easy, but now neural stem cells have been found in the gut of human adults (Cell Tissue Research, vol 344, p 217). These could, in theory, be harvested using a simple endoscopic gut biopsy, providing a ready source of neural stem cells. Indeed, Pasricha's team is now planning to use them to treat diseases including Parkinson's.
As Olympians go for the gold in Vancouver, even the steeliest are likely to experience that familiar feeling of "butterflies" in the stomach. Underlying this sensation is an often-overlooked network of neurons lining our guts that is so extensive some scientists have nicknamed it our "second brain".
A deeper understanding of this mass of neural tissue, filled with important neurotransmitters, is revealing that it does much more than merely handle digestion or inflict the occasional nervous pang. The little brain in our innards, in connection with the big one in our skulls, partly determines our mental state and plays key roles in certain diseases throughout the body.
Although its influence is far-reaching, the second brain is not the seat of any conscious thoughts or decision-making.
"The second brain doesn't help with the great thought processes…religion, philosophy and poetry is left to the brain in the head," says Michael Gershon, chairman of the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology at New York–Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, an expert in the nascent field of neurogastroenterology and author of the 1998 book The Second Brain (HarperCollins).
Technically known as the enteric nervous system, the second brain consists of sheaths of neurons embedded in the walls of the long tube of our gut, or alimentary canal, which measures about nine meters end to end from the esophagus to the anus. The second brain contains some 100 million neurons, more than in either the spinal cord or the peripheral nervous system, Gershon says.
This multitude of neurons in the enteric nervous system enables us to "feel" the inner world of our gut and its contents. Much of this neural firepower comes to bear in the elaborate daily grind of digestion. Breaking down food, absorbing nutrients, and expelling of waste requires chemical processing, mechanical mixing and rhythmic muscle contractions that move everything on down the line.
Thus equipped with its own reflexes and senses, the second brain can control gut behavior independently of the brain, Gershon says. We likely evolved this intricate web of nerves to perform digestion and excretion "on site," rather than remotely from our brains through the middleman of the spinal cord. "The brain in the head doesn't need to get its hands dirty with the messy business of digestion, which is delegated to the brain in the gut," Gershon says. He and other researchers explain, however, that the second brain's complexity likely cannot be interpreted through this process alone.
"The system is way too complicated to have evolved only to make sure things move out of your colon," says Emeran Mayer, professor of physiology, psychiatry and biobehavioral sciences at the David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles (U.C.L.A.). For example, scientists were shocked to learn that about 90 percent of the fibers in the primary visceral nerve, the vagus, carry information from the gut to the brain and not the other way around. "Some of that info is decidedly unpleasant," Gershon says.
The second brain informs our state of mind in other more obscure ways, as well. "A big part of our emotions are probably influenced by the nerves in our gut," Mayer says. Butterflies in the stomach—signaling in the gut as part of our physiological stress response, Gershon says—is but one example. Although gastrointestinal (GI) turmoil can sour one's moods, everyday emotional well-being may rely on messages from the brain below to the brain above. For example, electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve—a useful treatment for depression—may mimic these signals, Gershon says.
Given the two brains' commonalities, other depression treatments that target the mind can unintentionally impact the gut. The enteric nervous system uses more than 30 neurotransmitters, just like the brain, and in fact 95 percent of the body's serotonin is found in the bowels. Because antidepressant medications called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) increase serotonin levels, it's little wonder that meds meant to cause chemical changes in the mind often provoke GI issues as a side effect. Irritable bowel syndrome—which afflicts more than two million Americans—also arises in part from too much serotonin in our entrails, and could perhaps be regarded as a "mental illness" of the second brain.
Scientists are learning that the serotonin made by the enteric nervous system might also play a role in more surprising diseases: In a new Nature Medicine study published online February 7, a drug that inhibited the release of serotonin from the gut counteracted the bone-deteriorating disease osteoporosis in postmenopausal rodents. (Scientific American is part of Nature Publishing Group.) "It was totally unexpected that the gut would regulate bone mass to the extent that one could use this regulation to cure—at least in rodents—osteoporosis," says Gerard Karsenty, lead author of the study and chair of the Department of Genetics and Development at Columbia University Medical Center.
Serotonin seeping from the second brain might even play some part in autism, the developmental disorder often first noticed in early childhood. Gershon has discovered that the same genes involved in synapse formation between neurons in the brain are involved in the alimentary synapse formation. "If these genes are affected in autism," he says, "it could explain why so many kids with autism have GI motor abnormalities" in addition to elevated levels of gut-produced serotonin in their blood.
Down the road, the blossoming field of neurogastroenterology will likely offer some new insight into the workings of the second brain—and its impact on the body and mind. "We have never systematically looked at [the enteric nervous system] in relating lesions in it to diseases like they have for the" central nervous system, Gershon says. One day, perhaps there will be well-known connections between diseases and lesions in the gut's nervous system as some in the brain and spinal cord today indicate multiple sclerosis.
Cutting-edge research is currently investigating how the second brain mediates the body's immune response; after all, at least 70 percent of our immune system is aimed at the gut to expel and kill foreign invaders.
U.C.L.A.'s Mayer is doing work on how the trillions of bacteria in the gut "communicate" with enteric nervous system cells (which they greatly outnumber). His work with the gut's nervous system has led him to think that in coming years psychiatry will need to expand to treat the second brain in addition to the one atop the shoulders.
So for those physically skilled and mentally strong enough to compete in the Olympic Games—as well as those watching at home—it may well behoove us all to pay more heed to our so-called "gut feelings" in the future.
There are millions of neurons lining your gut almost as extensively as in your brain – do you think that might have something to do with your mood, your 'intelligence', and your overall health? Sometimes called the enteric nervous system, the stomach and intestines have a lot to say about how you feel, or how you 'stomach' emotions in general, as well as how well your body fends off unwelcome guests.
The enteric nervous system is so intelligent, in fact, that it houses entire networks of neurotransmitters and special proteins that tell the rest of the body what's going down – quite literally. It is so wise, that it can operate distinctly from the brain and spinal nerves, and quite often does. Just think of the last time you ate something that didn't agree with you. Your brain probably didn't override a sudden urge to purge. Your enteric 'brain' knew to get that unsavory meal out of you as fast as possible to prohibit an even more unappealing outcome.
Did you also know that the gut produces more serotonin, the well-known happy hormone, than the brain does? 95% of all serotonin lives in the gut, not in the head. A big part of how we feel every day is truly related to our gut's feeling, as it digests through the daily grind, our food as well as our food for thought. In fact, irritable bowel syndrome is caused by an imbalance of serotonin in the gut, and is sometimes called the 'mental illness' of the brain. We cannot experience an emotion or think a thought without a biological correlation. The brain-gut axis is deeply moved by our daily emotions.
Going further, our gut health is also key to our immunity. Actually, it's been said that gut flora makes up about 80% of our immunity, and is especially important for infants to bypass illness. Millions of tiny benevolent bacteria live in our large and small intestines as well as our stomachs, and they help to fend off bad bacteria, which can causedisease andeven multiple types of cancer. Often called the 'second brain,' our gut is more important than we ever might have suspected.
So how do you ensure a healthy gut? Antibiotics are a major player in the destruction of gut health as they destroy both the bad and good bacteria, so it's important to avoid antibiotics whenever possible. Luckily, there are numerous natural antibiotics that can be utilized for remedying various resistant infections. In addition to avoiding antibiotics, try implementing these 4 ways to improve gut health.
Our stomachs can often be a mystery to us and many of us don't realise just how much the foods we eat can impact on our mood and mental wellbeing.
According to charity Allergy UK, a shocking 45% of us suffers with food and drink intolerances, beverage – this is called food intolerance.
Food intolerance is a much more common problem than food allergy and one of the most harmful symptoms can be low mood. 1 in 4 people in the UK will suffer problems with their mood or mental health every year, with anti-depressant prescriptions increasing by over 40% in the last 5 years*.
In a recent paper published in the journal of Nutrition and Food Science, over 81% of patients reported a significant improvement in mood and mental wellbeing as a direct consequence of applying the dietary changes recommended by YorkTest.
So how is it that the food we eat can have such a significant impact on our mood?
Bidirectional connections between the gut and the brain are complex and are regulated in the body in three different ways; through nerves, hormones and the immune system. The gut mediates the body's immune response; at least 70 per cent of our immune system is situated in the gut and is used to expel and kill foreign invaders.
Our gut contains some 500 million neurons (nerve cells), more than in either the spinal cord or the peripheral nervous system. All of these neurons lining our digestive system do much more than merely handle digestion or cause occasional nervous feelings. Our gut partly determines our mental state and plays key roles in certain diseases throughout the body. Many people will not be aware that 90% of serotonin, the brain's 'happy hormone' is produced in the gut – it is for these reasons that the gut is often referred to as the 'second brain'.
In addition, research has shown that depression is frequently associated with gastrointestinal inflammation – a common symptom of food intolerance. By tackling unidentified food intolerances, not only will physical symptoms benefit, but mental health symptoms can often show significant improvement.
That gut feeling – www.apa.org
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1 thought on "The Second Brain | Our Enteric Nervous System"
John Baker on April 9, 2015 at 8:52 am said:
Great article , like your work. The internet is littered with victims of Gallbladder removal by surgeons preaching a one stop problem free process to treat gallstones. They preach the gallbladder is a non-essential organ , thus no risk to future heath. Unfortunately this is a lie. Many who undergo the procedure systematically experience developing reflux and bile reflux very soon after surgery. Postcholecystectomy Gastroparesis is a risk also. My question, have you come across any studies confirming cutting out the Gallbladder also cuts and damages the Vagus Nerve ( enteric nervous system) by default. I see the Gallbladder and liver are connected to the ENS. Gastric emptying problems causing Reflux symptoms could be caused from damaging the ENS system / Vagus nerve which also controls the stomach-and-pyloric-valve. If this is true, it would provide a definitive clue for the victims left with butchered heath post gallbladder surgery , many of which are denied treatment support and lift with disabled poor quality of life . Thanks for your time to reply