Commentators have compared the recent uprising in Abkhazia's capital Sukhumi to the protests on Kiev's Maidan Square. However, that is a bit of stretch. After all, tiny Abkhazia — which since its 1999 secession from Georgia has enjoyed strong Russian support — is definitely not Ukraine.
Ousted Abkhaz President Alexander Ankvab, who stepped down on June 1 in response to protesters demands, bears little comparison to former Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych. Moreover, the events in Sukhumi, in contrast to those in Kiev, transpired without any casualties.
However, during these early summer days in that subtropical republic on the Black Sea, a certain precedent was set concerning those parts of the former Soviet Union that Russia still controls. By calmly standing by as protestors unseated Ankvab, the Kremlin effectively sanctioned the violent seizure of power by the citizens of an independent state.
This indicates that Russia now has fewer options for influencing the parts of the former Soviet Union that it still controls, although various short-term tactics appear to meet the immediate needs of the moment.
Moscow, of course, sees Sukhumi differently and draws the distinction that, unlike Kiev, no outside forces were involved in the president's ouster. Russia, taking a rather unobtrusive stance in the negotiations between the opposing sides, announced that the situation was Abkhazia's internal affair.
The Russian authorities have never so readily acknowledged political changes achieved through direct pressure. And the Soviet authorities before them never reacted so calmly to conflicts among the former republics or to domestic confrontations.
For instance, in 2004 when protesters seized the administration building of Russia's Karachayevo-Cherkessia republic, I personally saw the former Presidential Envoy to the Southern Federal District, Dmitry Kozak, literally get down on his knees and beg them not to demand the resignation of the regional head and his ministers, saying, "If we do such things under force, we will set the country ablaze."
The key word here is pressure, but not always pressure applied through force. In South Ossetia's presidential elections in 2011, when disgraced Education Minister Alla Dzhioyeva unexpectedly beat Anatoly Bibilov — Moscow's protege and successor to President Eduard Kokoity — Russia decided to overturn the election results.
Completely new elections were named with a whole new set of candidates, even though the country's Election Commission had no complaints about the fairness of the first elections. In that case, Russia encountered pressure from outside forces and responded by doing everything in its power to neutralize that pressure.
Can we conclude that after Maidan, after Crimea and after all that is happening now in Donetsk and Luhansk, Russia's leaders no longer refuse to make decisions under pressure from outside forces? The answer is "yes and no."
"Yes" because political circumstances — including those resulting from the annexation of Crimea and that continue to develop against the backdrop of events in Donetsk and Luhansk — force Russian leaders to partially tone down their traditional image of Russia as an omnipotent sovereign that controls everything that happens within its zone of interests.
For example, the speed with which events are unfolding in Ukraine's eastern and southern regions, and the nature of those events are such that Moscow would do better to disavow the role of puppet master, even if it is pulling at least some of the strings.
At the same time, the answer is "no" because recognition of the revolution in Abkhazia is, to some extent, no different than the elections in South Ossetia in 2011 to 2012, which showed that change is only unacceptable when Moscow's "partners" are the ones subjected to it.
The fact is, Moscow never really wanted Alexander Ankvab as a partner in Abkhazia, and he gained the presidency more despite Moscow's strategists than because of them.
In the 2004 to 2005 presidential elections there, Ankvab supported the candidacy of Sergei Bagapsh who ran against Raul Khadzhimba, a Moscow protege. Following Bagapsh's death in 2011, Ankvab won the presidential elections without any particular objections from Russia, but also without Moscow's enthusiastic support.
Now the former KGB officer turned opposition leader Khadzhimba — whom Vladislav Surkov had unsuccessfully backed in 2004 — is taking revenge for the defeat of a decade ago. And he is acting in concert with the Russian administration that has finally advanced a figure on the tiny chessboard of Abkhazia who enjoys a position that Moscow had hoped to achieve back in the 2004 elections.
The residents of Abkhazia are euphoric over Ankvab's resignation and are counting on his successor — whether the favored Raul Khadzhimba or someone else — to turn around the country's struggling economy and carry out political reforms that would shift some authority from the president to the parliament. However, those people who are now in raptures are headed toward inevitable disappointment.
One reason is that the Constitution of Abkhazia requires that early presidential elections be held before any changes are made to the political system. That means the balance of power between the president and parliament will remain unchanged.
What is more, every presidential contender will fight to achieve the broadest possible power. The winner is unlikely to agree to limit those powers once in office, especially if he has embarked on the politically risky path of economic reform.
For Abkhazia, economic reform essentially means opening the domestic market to outside investors — a task made more difficult by the inertia of enormous public opposition. Abkhazia's aversion to foreign investors stems from the fear that they might destroy the republic's competitive advantage as an inexpensive holiday destination for Russians of modest means, and from the knowledge that investors might ultimately call into question Abkhazia's hard-won sovereignty more than the fact that the republic relies on Russia to finance two-thirds of its budget.
There is no good way out of this predicament: if Abkhazia does not open itself up to investors, the percentage of the budget financed by Russia will grow even as the economy itself shrinks.
To put that in perspective, Russian aid to Abkhazia totaled 6 billion rubles ($171 million) from 2010 to 2012, but with Moscow facing greater financial limitations now, that figure has fallen below 1 billion rubles ($28.4 million). With the same number of people trying to secure a piece of a significantly smaller pie has led to greater political competition and turmoil.
Ivan Sukhov is a journalist who has covered conflicts in Russia and the CIS for the past 20 years.


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Kabinett Aura steht für folgende Regierungen Finnlands:

 Kabinett Aura I
 Kabinett Aura II

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Home / Bible Commentaries / Wesley's Explanatory Notes/ Acts
Wesley's Explanatory Notes
Acts Acts 18
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And taking their journey through Amphipolis and Apollonia - St. Luke seems to have been left at Philippi; and to have continued in those parts, travelling from place to place among the Churches, till St. Paul returned thither. For here he leaves off speaking of himself as one of St. Paul's company; neither does he resume that style, till we find them together there, Acts 20:5-6 . After this he constantly uses it to the end of the history. Amphipolis and Apollonia were cities of Macedonia.
And Paul, as his manner was, went in unto them, and three sabbath days reasoned with them out of the scriptures,
And Paul, according to his custom — Of doing all things, as far as might be, in a regular manner, went in to them three Sabbath days - Not excluding the days between.
And some of them believed, and consorted with Paul and Silas; and of the devout Greeks a great multitude, and of the chief women not a few.
Of the principal women, not a few — Our free thinkers pique themselves upon observing, that women are more religious than men; and this, in compliment both to religion and good manners, they impute to the weakness of their understandings. And indeed as far as nature can go, in imitating religion by performing the outward acts of it, this picture of religion may make a fairer show in women than in men, both by reason of their more tender passions, and their modesty, which will make those actions appear to more advantage. But in the case of true religion, which always implies taking up the cross, especially in time of persecution, women lie naturally under a great disadvantage, as having less courage than men. So that their embracing the Gospel was a stronger evidence of the power of him whose strength is perfected in weakness, as a stronger assistance of the Holy Spirit was needful for them to overcome their natural fearfulness.
These were more noble than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all readiness of mind, and searched the scriptures daily, whether those things were so.
These were more ingenuous — Or generous. To be teachable in the things of God is true generosity of soul. The receiving the word with all readiness of mind, and the most accurate search into the truth, are well consistent.
Therefore many of them believed; also of honourable women which were Greeks, and of men, not a few.
Many of the — Of the Jews.
And of the Grecian women — Who were followed by their husbands.
Now while Paul waited for them at Athens, his spirit was stirred in him, when he saw the city wholly given to idolatry.
While Paul was waiting for the — Having no design, as it seems, to preach at Athens, but his zeal for God drew him into it unawares, without staying till his companions came.
Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the Stoicks, encountered him. And some said, What will this babbler say? other some, He seemeth to be a setter forth of strange gods: because he preached unto them Jesus, and the resurrection.
Some of the Epicurean and Stoic philosopher — The Epicureans entirely denied a providence, and held the world to be the effect of mere chance; asserting sensual pleasure to be man's chief good, and that the soul and body died together. The Stoics held, that matter was eternal; that all things were governed by irresistible fate; that virtue was its own sufficient reward, and vice its own sufficient punishment. It is easy to see, how happily the apostle levels his discourse at some of the most important errors of each, while, without expressly attacking either, he gives a plain summary of his own religious principles.
What would this babbler say? — Such is the language of natural reason, full of, and satisfied with itself. Yet even here St. Paul had some fruit; though nowhere less than at Athens. And no wonder, since this city was a seminary of philosophers, who have ever been the pest of true religion.
He seemeth to be a proclaimer — This he returns upon them at the23d verse; Acts 17:23 of strange gods - Such as are not known even at Athens.
Because he preached to them Jesus and the resurrection — A god and a goddess. And as stupid as this mistake was, it is the less to be wondered at, since the Athenians might as well count the resurrection a deity, as shame, famine, and many others.
And they took him, and brought him unto Areopagus, saying, May we know what this new doctrine, whereof thou speakest, is?
The Areopagus, or hill of Mars, (dedicated to Mars, the heathen god of war,) was the place where the Athenians held their supreme court of judicature. But it does not appear he was carried thither as a criminal. The original number of its judges was twelve; but afterward it increased to three hundred. These were generally men of the greatest families in Athens, and were famed for justice and integrity.
(For all the Athenians and strangers which were there spent their time in nothing else, but either to tell, or to hear some new thing.)
And the strangers sojourning there — And catching the distemper of them.
Some new thing — The Greek word signifies some newer thing. New things quickly grew cheap, and they wanted those that were newer still.
Then Paul stood in the midst of Mars' hill, and said, Ye men of Athens, I perceive that in all things ye are too superstitious.
Then Paul standing in the midst of the Areopagus — An ample theatre; said - Giving them a lecture of natural divinity, with admirable wisdom, acuteness, fulness, and courtesy. They inquire after new things: Paul in his divinely philosophical discourse, begins with the first, and goes on to the last things, both which were new things to them. He points out the origin and the end of all things, concerning which they had so many disputes, and equally refutes both the Epicurean and Stoic.
I perceive — With what clearness and freedom does he speak! Paul against Athens!
For as I passed by, and beheld your devotions, I found an altar with this inscription, TO THE UNKNOWN GOD. Whom therefore ye ignorantly worship, him declare I unto you.
I found an altar — Some suppose this was set up by Socrates, to express in a covert way his devotion to the only true God, while he derided the plurality of the heathen gods, for which he was condemned to death: and others, that whoever erected this altar, did it in honour to the God of Israel, of whom there was no image, and whose name Jehovah was never made known to the idolatrous Gentiles.
Him proclaim I unto you — Thus he fixes the wandering attention of these blind philosophers; proclaiming to them an unknown, and yet not a new God.
God that made the world and all things therein, seeing that he is Lord of heaven and earth, dwelleth not in temples made with hands;
God who made the world — Thus is demonstrated even to reason, the one true, good God; absolutely different from the creatures, from every part of the visible creation.
Neither is worshipped with men's hands, as though he needed any thing, seeing he giveth to all life, and breath, and all things;
Neither is he served as though he needed any thing — or person - The Greek word equally takes in both.
To all — That live and breathe;-in him we live; and breathe - In him we move. By breathing life is continued. I breathe this moment: the next is not in my power: and all things - For in him we are. So exactly do the parts of this discourse answer each other.
And hath made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth, and hath determined the times before appointed, and the bounds of their habitation;
He hath made of one blood the whole nation of men — By this expression the apostle showed them in the most unaffected manner, that though he was a Jew, be was not enslaved to any narrow views, but looked on all mankind as his brethren: having determined the times - That it is God who gave men the earth to inhabit, Paul proves from the order of times and places, showing the highest wisdom of the Disposer, superior to all human counsels.
And the bounds of their habitation — By mountains, seas, rivers, and the like.
That they should seek the Lord, if haply they might feel after him, and find him, though he be not far from every one of us:
If haply — The way is open; God is ready to be found. But he will lay no force upon man; they might feel after him - This is in the midst between seeking and finding. Feeling being the lowest and grossest of all our senses, is fitly applied to the low knowledge of God; though he be not far from every one of us - We need not go far to seek or find him. He is very near us; in us. It is only perverse reason which thinks he is afar off.
For in him we live, and move, and have our being; as certain also of your own poets have said, For we are also his offspring.
In him — Not in ourselves, we live, and move, and have our being - This denotes his necessary, intimate, and most efficacious presence. No words can better express the continual and necessary dependence of all created beings, in their existence and all their operations, on the first and almighty cause, which the truest philosophy as well as divinity teaches.
As certain also of your own poets have said — Aratus, whose words these are, was an Athenian, who lived almost three hundred years before this time. They are likewise to be found, with the alteration of one letter only, in the hymn of Cleanthes to Jupiter or the supreme being, one of the purest and finest pieces of natural religion in the whole world of Pagan antiquity.
Forasmuch then as we are the offspring of God, we ought not to think that the Godhead is like unto gold, or silver, or stone, graven by art and man's device.
We ought not to think — A tender expression especially in the first per son plural. As if he had said, Can God himself be a less noble being than we who are his offspring? Nor does he only here deny, that these are like God, but that they have any analogy to him at all, so as to be capable of representing him.
And the times of this ignorance God winked at; but now commandeth all men every where to repent:
The times of ignorance — What! does he object ignorance to the knowing Athenians? Yes, and they acknowledge it by this very altar.
God overlooked — As one paraphrases, "The beams of his eye did in a manner shoot over it." He did not appear to take notice of them, by sending express messages to them as he did to the Jews.
But now — This day, this hour, saith Paul, puts an end to the Divine forbearance, and brings either greater mercy or punishment. Now he commandeth all men every where to repent - There is a dignity and grandeur in this expression, becoming an ambassador from the King of heaven. And this universal demand of repentance declared universal guilt in the strongest manner, and admirably confronted the pride of the haughtiest Stoic of them all. At the same time it bore down the idle plea of fatality. For how could any one repent of doing what he could not but have done?
Because he hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge the world in righteousness by that man whom he hath ordained; whereof he hath given assurance unto all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead.
He hath appointed a day in which he will judge the world — How fitly does he speak this, in their supreme court of justice? By the man - So he speaks, suiting himself to the capacity of his hearers.
Whereof he hath given assurance to all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead — God raising Jesus demonstrated hereby, that he was to be the glorious Judge of all. We are by no means to imagine that this was all which the apostle intended to have said, but the indolence of some of his hearers and the petulancy of others cut him short.
And when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mocked: and others said, We will hear thee again of this matter.
Some mocked — Interrupting him thereby. They took offence at that which is the principal motive of faith, from the pride of reason. And having once stumbled at this, they rejected all the rest.
So Paul departed from among them.
So Paul departed — Leaving his hearers divided in their judgment.
Howbeit certain men clave unto him, and believed: among the which was Dionysius the Areopagite, and a woman named Damaris, and others with them.
Among whom was even Dionysius the Areopagite — One of the judges of that court: on whom some spurious writings have been fathered in later ages, by those who are fond of high sounding nonsense.
Wesley, John. "Commentary on Acts 17:4". "John Wesley's Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible". http://odl.studylight.org/commentaries/wen/acts-17.html. 1765.

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Home > The Chef > Virgilio Martinez talks exclusively to The Pro Chef Middle East
Virgilio Martinez talks exclusively to The Pro Chef Middle East
As chef-owner as Central Restaurante in Lima, Peru, which ranks fifth on The World's 50 Best Restaurants List, Virgilio Martinez is an advocate for Peruvian around the world – and was chosen as this year's recipient of the coveted Chefs' Choice Award 2017. He has a Michelin star to his name, is a leading star on the popular Netflix series, Chef's Table (season three), made his Dubai debut less than one year ago with LIMA Dubai at City Walk, and at present is easily one of the world's most accomplished culinary talents. In a one-to-one with The Pro Chef Middle East, Martinez explains why he feels Peruvian cuisine is finally getting the attention it deserves.
Peruvian cuisine has evolved a lot over the last ten years, why do you think this is?
It is a consequence of more and more people travelling more frequently, discovering new and authentic food experiences. It is not just a case of following trends, it is sharing gastronomic experiences through meals, which in turn has an evolutionary effect.
How have you found the process of sourcing Peruvian ingredients in Dubai?
It's not as difficult as we thought. Dubai has a well-established structure to enable sourcing ingredients from many countries around the world. Bearing in mind that at the end of the day Peruvian cuisine has been heavily influenced by visitors to the country for thousands of years so we aren't just using ingredients from the Amazon, but from regions such as Asia as well.
The food that we offer at LIMA Dubai is different to LIMA London, we have had to adapt to the location, to its limitations and to its benefits as well. We take what is Peruvian tradition and blend it to meet the demands modern lifestyles. Quality is important to us, so we are happy to use ingredients from different areas such as tomatoes from Italy, fish from jJapan and meat from Australia. But saying this, where we can we work with Peruvian producers, so you will still find ingredients from the Andes and the Peruvian jungle on your plate.
For suppliers reading this, what products would you like to see more availability of in Dubai?
Although in Dubai quinoa is very well known, I would like and hope to see more Andean grains and more fruit and vegetables from the Amazon available in the region. The varieties area so diverse and the ingredients work well for a variety of cuisines.
Tell us how the different regions of Peru inspire your cuisine…
It is the extreme contrast between the regions and what they offer that inspires me and my cooking. From extreme altitudes in the mountains, to the valleys of the Andres and the lush green of the Amazon, there is life flourishing and it excites me to be able to represent that in my dishes.
Your cuisine is known for encompassing ingredients from varied altitudes, why is this?
It is very Peruvian to be connected to with our surroundings, I wanted to work in a way that expressed the diversity of Peru altitudes and ecosystems. The factors have such a dramatic effect on the produce grown in the areas, but still within a relatively close proximity. Using ingredients from a variety of altitudes truly embodies the ethos of Peruvian cuisines.
What's your main mission while working in the culinary industry?
I think those working in gastronomy do have an important role. Tasting, sharing and creating food is one of the best ways to learn about a culture and experience another country without leaving your own. I want to grow with peoples taste and I am always striving to make things better.
Peruvian cuisine has come so far in recent years. How do you see the cuisine evolving further over the next ten years?
It is difficult to predict the evolution of a cuisine, but with constant improvements in technology and flow of new ideas I am sure we will see further twists on traditions in the not too distant future. I hope that there will be positives changes in sustainability as well. As we become more aware of the impact on our environment, we will look to find new ways to produce, prepare and enjoy food.
What's the biggest misconception of Peruvian cuisine?
That Peruvian cuisine is just ceviche and pisco sours. This is such misconception, due to the cultures that makeup Peru's history and the range of ecosystems and altitudes, the cuisine is so diverse.
What was it like filming Chef's Table?
It was a great experience. It was wonderful to be able to engage with people around the world via Netflix, people I would have never had the opportunity to connect with and share my story.
The episode focused on Peruvian nature, what Central is about and a bit of my personal life. I saw it as an opportunity to promote my region worldwide.
How have you found the market so far in Dubai since opening LIMA Dubai?
It's not yet been a year, but time does seem to fly in Dubai. The city continues to grow very fast, it is evolving and it is an exciting time to be in the market. I enjoy the different pace of Dubai to London and Peru and I am excited to see LIMA Dubai continue to grow as well.
When opening new outlets, how do you find your head chefs? Are they people who have worked with you for some time?
Yes, where possible I like to select chefs I have worked with before as it is all about connection and understanding. First, we look at the person, then we look at the technique, our head chefs must live and breathe the LIMA story, but also be able to make their own mark.
In most Peruvian restaurants, ceviche is highlighted on menus. Are there any Peruvian dishes you feel deserve a little more time in the spotlight?
Dishes like Tiraditios, Causas, Huatias, Carapulcras, Sudados, Tiger's Milk and Pachamancas. You will find these all on the LIMA Dubai menu and slowly the team are educating guests on these dishes and allowing them to discover more about the variety that comes with Peruvian cuisine.
Details: For more information visit LIMA Dubai. If you enjoyed this article, you may like this story on Chef Grégoire Berger.
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(-) Remove Consolidator Grant (CoG) (2) filter Consolidator Grant (CoG) (2)
(-) Remove Ireland (2) filter Ireland (2)
Project acronym European Unions
Project Labour Politics and the EU's New Economic Governance Regime
Researcher (PI) Roland ERNE
Host Institution (HI) UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN, NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, DUBLIN
Call Details Consolidator Grant (CoG), SH2, ERC-2016-COG
Summary Trade unions play a major role in democratic interest intermediation. This role is currently threatened by the increasingly authoritarian strain in EU's new economic governance (NEG). This project aims to explore the challenges and possibilities that the NEG poses to labour politics. Until recently, European labour politics has mainly been shaped by horizontal market integration through the free movement of goods, capital, services and people. After the financial crisis, the latter has been complemented by vertical integration effected through the direct surveillance of member states. The resulting NEG opens contradictory possibilities for labour movements in Europe. On the one hand, the reliance of the NEG on vertical surveillance makes decisions taken in its name more tangible, offering concrete targets for contentious transnational collective action. On the other hand however, the NEG mimics the governance structures of multinational firms, by using key performance indicators that put countries in competition with one another. This constitutes a deterrent to transnational collective action. The NEG's interventionist and competitive strains also pose the threat of nationalist counter-movements, thus making European collective action ever more vital for the future of EU integration and democracy. This project has the following objectives: 1. To understand the interrelation between NEG and existing 'horizontal' EU economic governance; and the shifts in labour politics triggered by NEG; 2. To open up novel analytical approaches that are able to capture both national and transnational social processes at work; 3. To analyse the responses of established trade unions and new social movements to NEG in selected subject areas and economic sectors at national and EU levels, and their feedback effects on NEG; 4. To develop a new scientific paradigm capable of accounting for the interplay between EU economic governance, labour politics and EU democracy.
Trade unions play a major role in democratic interest intermediation. This role is currently threatened by the increasingly authoritarian strain in EU's new economic governance (NEG). This project aims to explore the challenges and possibilities that the NEG poses to labour politics. Until recently, European labour politics has mainly been shaped by horizontal market integration through the free movement of goods, capital, services and people. After the financial crisis, the latter has been complemented by vertical integration effected through the direct surveillance of member states. The resulting NEG opens contradictory possibilities for labour movements in Europe. On the one hand, the reliance of the NEG on vertical surveillance makes decisions taken in its name more tangible, offering concrete targets for contentious transnational collective action. On the other hand however, the NEG mimics the governance structures of multinational firms, by using key performance indicators that put countries in competition with one another. This constitutes a deterrent to transnational collective action. The NEG's interventionist and competitive strains also pose the threat of nationalist counter-movements, thus making European collective action ever more vital for the future of EU integration and democracy. This project has the following objectives: 1. To understand the interrelation between NEG and existing 'horizontal' EU economic governance; and the shifts in labour politics triggered by NEG; 2. To open up novel analytical approaches that are able to capture both national and transnational social processes at work; 3. To analyse the responses of established trade unions and new social movements to NEG in selected subject areas and economic sectors at national and EU levels, and their feedback effects on NEG; 4. To develop a new scientific paradigm capable of accounting for the interplay between EU economic governance, labour politics and EU democracy.
Project acronym iHEAR
Project Investigating the meanings and mechanisms of psychotic experiences in young people: a novel, mixed-methods approach
Researcher (PI) Mary CANNON
Host Institution (HI) ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS IN IRELAND
Call Details Consolidator Grant (CoG), LS7, ERC-2016-COG
Summary Up to one fifth of young people have had the experience of psychotic symptoms, such as hearing voices when there is no-one around, or seeing visions. We now know that young people who experience these symptoms are at increased risk of developing psychotic disorders in adulthood. We also know that these young people are at higher risk of a range of co-morbid disorders such as depression and anxiety, and particularly suicidal behaviours. On the other hand, many of these young people will remain well and, for them, the psychotic experiences were merely a transitory phenomenon. Childhood trauma is known to be associated with increased risk for psychotic symptoms and is a promising target for intervention. However we do not yet know enough about what types or timing of stressors are involved in the pathogenesis of psychotic symptoms, nor the mechanism by which early life stress may lead to changes in brain structure and function resulting in symptoms such as hallucinations. We also need to be able to identify those young people who will benefit most from intervention. This ground-breaking, multi-disciplinary programme of work sets out to address these issues by drawing together epidemiology, social science, anthropology and neuroscience to devise a comprehensive programme of work examining the relationship between early life stress and psychotic symptoms among young people. Designed as three inter-related work packages, this iHEAR programme will exploit a large population-based cohort and will capitalise on my existing unique cohort of young people, who were known to have experienced psychotic symptoms in childhood, as they enter young adulthood. This iHEAR programme will result in new information which will allow the development of innovative interventions to prevent or pre-empt severe mental illness in later life.
Up to one fifth of young people have had the experience of psychotic symptoms, such as hearing voices when there is no-one around, or seeing visions. We now know that young people who experience these symptoms are at increased risk of developing psychotic disorders in adulthood. We also know that these young people are at higher risk of a range of co-morbid disorders such as depression and anxiety, and particularly suicidal behaviours. On the other hand, many of these young people will remain well and, for them, the psychotic experiences were merely a transitory phenomenon. Childhood trauma is known to be associated with increased risk for psychotic symptoms and is a promising target for intervention. However we do not yet know enough about what types or timing of stressors are involved in the pathogenesis of psychotic symptoms, nor the mechanism by which early life stress may lead to changes in brain structure and function resulting in symptoms such as hallucinations. We also need to be able to identify those young people who will benefit most from intervention. This ground-breaking, multi-disciplinary programme of work sets out to address these issues by drawing together epidemiology, social science, anthropology and neuroscience to devise a comprehensive programme of work examining the relationship between early life stress and psychotic symptoms among young people. Designed as three inter-related work packages, this iHEAR programme will exploit a large population-based cohort and will capitalise on my existing unique cohort of young people, who were known to have experienced psychotic symptoms in childhood, as they enter young adulthood. This iHEAR programme will result in new information which will allow the development of innovative interventions to prevent or pre-empt severe mental illness in later life.


As I was driving along the Mexican border between Phoenix and San Diego yesterday, I received this text message from AT&T, which I assume thought I was already on the other side of the border. The text message was sent to alert me of the prices abroad.
The moral of this story, if any, is that you should always be careful what you do with your iPhone when traveling oversea, especially with data which can run in the background and get you bad surprises at the end of your trip.
If you're going to use your iPhone abroad, I suggest you check out these tips for traveling overseas with an iPhone.


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Jim DeMint: More "Fangs for the Conservative Beast"
December 7, 2012 Marsha B. Cohen
The revolving door between government and industry is nothing new. Government regulators get jobs in related industries when they retire; military officers accept positions with defense contractors. Former members of Congress have also accepted positions in business and industry, often as lobbyists, after tiring of office or being voted out.
But there seems to be a new and somewhat unexpected trend among members of Congress: some are stepping down from elected office before their term is complete without a scandal or personal circumstances prompting their resignation.
Jim DeMint became the third member of Congress in just over three years to give up elected office to work for a think tank when he announced on Dec. 6 that he has accepted the position as head of the Heritage Foundation.
Midway into his seventh term representing Florida's heavily Democratic 19th congressional district, self-described "fire breathing liberal" Robert Wexler announced in October 2009 that he would be giving up the House seat he's held since 1996 to become Executive Director of the Daniel S. Abraham Center for Middle East Peace and Economic Cooperation. Not quite a year and a half later, nine-term California Democrat Jane Harman stepped down from her House seat to become the first woman President and CEO of the Woodrow Wilson Institute.
DeMint, founder of the Tea Party caucus, is the first Republican and sitting senator to relinquish his elected office in order to head a think tank. The Wall Street Journal, whose editorial board has much in common with Heritage Foundation ideology, explains the impetus behind DeMint's career change:
Sen. DeMint said he is taking the Heritage job because he sees it as a vehicle to popularize conservative ideas in a way that connects with a broader public. "This is an urgent time," the senator said, "because we saw in the last election we were not able to communicate conservative ideas that win elections." Mr. DeMint, who was a market researcher before he entered politics, said he plans to take the Heritage Foundation's traditional research plus that of think tanks at the state level and "translate those policy papers into real-life demonstrations of things that work."
While DeMint's new salary has not been publicly disclosed, his predecessor Ed Feulner received $1,025,922 in 2010 according to the Heritage Foundation's IRS filing for that year. The filing also indicates that Feulner received a base salary of $477,907, a bonus of $535,300, plus deferred and non-taxable compensation. Wexler openly stated that financial considerations played a role in his decision to take up a think tank post. DeMint has made no such admission, although the Los Angeles Times has pointed out that DeMint is one of the less wealthy members of Congress.
Interestingly, although the influential American Israel Public Affairs Committee's (AIPAC) recent presidents overwhelmingly favor pro-Israel Democrats, DeMint has also received political contributions from AIPAC's current president, Michael Kassen.
Since its founding in 1973, Heritage's "think" has always been subordinate to its "tank." Its Board is a Pandora's box of political has-beens from the Reagan and Bush years, such as Edwin Meese, and some very rich men like Richard Scaife (a Vice Chairman who Robert Kaiser and Ira Chenoy dubbed the "funding father of the right") and whose individual largesse, however generous, now pales in comparison to the $80 million annually that Heritage is able to rake in.
Hawkish and hardline (albeit vague) on foreign policy issues, the Heritage Foundation presents the Middle East — particularly the Israeli-Palestinian conflict — relations with the Arab world and the Iranian nuclear threat, through an often warped prism of US "national security."
While the Washington Post laments that "the intellectualism that was once the Heritage hallmark has become somewhat suspect in an era in which the insurgent passion of the tea party sets the terms of political activism," Jacob Weisberg's astute observations a dozen years ago are still timely and even more on point:
Because of its combat mentality, Heritage has never been a place with very high standards. Like other conservative outfits, it loves the lingo of academic life. Its hallways are cluttered with endowed chairs, visiting fellows, and distinguished scholars. The conceit here is that as a PC Dark Age has overcome the universities, conservative think tanks have become the refuge of thought and learning. At Heritage in particular, this is a laugh. AEI and the Manhattan Institute frequently produce stimulating books and studies and occasionally arrive at unexpected positions. Even the more dogmatic Cato Institute has cultivated a reputation for rigorous research and analysis from a libertarian point of view. Heritage, however, is essentially a propaganda mill.
To counter this image, Heritage has been attempting to cultivate a new generation of Fellows — aspiring pundits, interns, bloggers and twitterati — who spread Heritage talking points and sound bytes for the right-wing media from policy papers that could be mistaken for actual studies.
As a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, the Heritage Foundation is not permitted to engage in lobbying. When its "experts" testify before Congress, they are always careful to preface their remarks with the disclaimer "The views I express in this testimony are my own, and should not be construed as representing any official position of The Heritage Foundation." Briefing papers and other literature intended to influence policy contain the disclaimer, "Nothing written here is to be construed as an attempt to aid or hinder the passage of any bill before Congress." This, Weisberg pointed out, "is an evident absurdity. Heritage exists to aid and hinder legislation before Congress and often boasts about doing so."
The creation of Heritage Action for America (HAFA) in 2010, a 501(c)(4), was designed to sidestep such restrictions entirely. CEO Michael Needham explained that HAFA would provide "heat" while Heritage itself would continue to provide "light." Not surprisingly, DeMint received a 99% rating from HAFA. Placing him in the top slot may mean even more "fangs for the Conservative beast".
Commenting on DeMint's leaving the Senate, Sen. Minority Leader Mitch McConnell disclosed, perhaps inadvertently, his own close ties to the Heritage Foundation. "We're sorry to see Jim go. He's had a distinguished career," McConnell told Politico. "My wife [Elaine Chao] is a distinguished fellow at The Heritage Foundation. She'll be reporting to him."
Iran, Israel, Israel Palestine, Message AIPAC, Congress, Daniel S. Abraham Center for Middle East Peace and Economic Cooperation, demint salar, demint salary, Ed Feulner, Edwin Meese, Florida, Heritage Action for America, Heritage board, Heritage Foundation, Heritage lobbyists, Ira Chenoy, Jacob Weisberg, Jane Harman, Jim DeMint, Lobbying, Marsha Cohe, Marsha Cohen, Michael Kassen, Michael Needham, Mitch McConnell, Republican, Richard Scaife, Robert Kaiser, Robert Wexler, Tea Party, think tank, Wall Street Journal, Woodrow Wilson
Marsha B. Cohen
Marsha B. Cohen is an analyst specializing in Israeli-Iranian relations and US foreign policy towards Iran and Israel. Her articles have been published by PBS/Frontline's Tehran Bureau. IPS, Alternet, Payvand and Global Dialogue. She earned her PhD in International Relations from Florida International University, and her BA in Political Philosophy from Hebrew University in Jerusalem.
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At the April Home Furnishings Market in High Point, North Carolina, even the most casual observer could notice a decidedly West Coast vibe in the middle of the Carolina Piedmont. Four A-list companies—Baker, Castelle, Century, and Hickory Chair—featured fall collections by Los Angeles–based designers. While the looks from each showroom were as unique as the designers who created them, the mood was singularly California cool.
Born into a family of painters, Barbara Barry shares an artist's reverence for light. Her use of soft, subtle hues, like the one in this chair, is intended to express the magical mood of California light.
When Barbara Barry began to imagine her latest collection for Baker—a collaboration celebrating its 20th year—she wanted to conjure the natural beauty of her home state. "This collection was inspired in part by my personal move into the countryside and more into nature," says the designer. "California is more than a place; it's a state of mind, an open mind and an ease of living." Ease is the word that captures Barry's latest offerings, a 70-piece collection that feels rooted in the sundappled woods of Northern California. The mix of organic, relaxed silhouettes; luxurious fabrics; and honest, open-grained wood finishes pairs beautifully with modern or antique pieces. "Barbara has an innate sense of tapping into the zeitgeist," says Baker president Russell Towner, who credits the designer's instincts with her long-running success.
Inspired by geometric tile carvings, Barclay Butera's collection for Castelle features intricate fretwork and his signature blue-and-white palette.
Editing elegant, antique designs with dramatic lines is the hallmark of Windsor Smith's Alchemy collection for Century. In the Firestone sofa, she modernized a rare, 19th-century Federal canapé she found for a client and wished she could find again.
If we were on a tour bus, we would now turn away from the sparkling waters of Malibu and head straight to Beverly Hills , where the elegant, hip designs of Windsor Smith feel at home. Smith, an LA designer who counts Gwyneth Paltrow and other celebrities among her clients, has named her new collection with Century "Alchemy," and her designs reveal a magical transformation. "For this collection, I took more of a Parisian-salon approach," says Smith. "I'm moving away from four chairs and a sofa in the center of a room placed around a fireplace. I wanted to explore using the corners of a room, having furniture that looks as good from the back and the sides as it does from the front." Among Smith's collection, the seating stands out—curvy, low-slung sofas and chaises with a sweeping sense of movement that invite spontaneous conversation in what Smith calls "tête-à-tête lounging." "California design is always optimistic," she notes. And what incites more optimism than the promise of a great, impromptu conversation?
"[David Phoenix's] designs mirror his own personal demeanor and innate sense of style—equally generous, thoughtful, and welcoming," says Skip Rumley, Hickory Chair's vice president and creative director.
While stepping into a Windsor Smith room may feel like walking into a soirée of Rodeo Drive fashionistas, a walk through the warm, handsome interiors of LA designer David Phoenix feels like sneaking into an at-home screening party of a movie executive.Phoenix's inaugural collection with Hickory Chair showcases the designer's influential style of relaxed California luxury. The details of his pieces are fine, full of haberdashery accents like decorative inlays, rich leather, and sensual fabrics that beg to be touched. But the primary focus remains accessible livability. "I love classic, meaningful design," he says. "Being surrounded by those considered choices inspires us to live our best—comfortably, graciously and gratefully every day." The highly sought-after designer now travels the world creating rooms in his signature style, but the well of inspiration remains in California, as it does for each of these talented designers. In a state with such a wealth of beauty and possibility, that well runs deep.


When you were a little kid playing around in the pool, you probably engaged in all sorts of fun stuff with your friends, ranging from going down the slide to cannon-balling in from the diving board.
One other thing you may have done is held your breath underwater to see who could do it the longest. Most likely, you didn't manage to do so for more than a couple of minutes. That's kind of puny when compared to the world record of over 11 minutes without the aid of pre-breathing 100% oxygen.
But, oxygen deprivation is never a good thing, even for short periods of time, as this lesson will explore using various terms related to this problem.
Before I begin to go over why oxygen deficiency is so bad for you, we need to explore a few terms that deal with this topic.
One of these words is known as hypoxia, which is a term that describes an inadequate amount of oxygen supply or utilization in a region of, or the entire, body. This is a less extreme form of improper supply of oxygen than anoxia, which is the complete lack of supply to or utilization of oxygen to parts of the body or the entire body.
The reasons why hypoxia may occur are many. For example, one cause of hypoxia is ischemia, or the inadequate supply of blood to a tissue or organ, due to obstructed or constricted vasculature, resulting in an inadequate supply of oxygen.
You can liken the vasculature to one of those water slides at the pool. The water flowing down the slide is like the blood, and the round floats are the red blood cells that carry a person, or oxygen, to the pool, or body tissue.
If the water slide is obstructed by something or gets narrower, then the water won't be able to get through as well, the round floats will get stuck, and the person won't make it to the pool. All of this results in improper delivery of oxygen to an organ or tissue, causing hypoxia.
Real-world reasons for ischemia include atherosclerosis, where fatty buildup in arterial walls obstructs or narrows down blood vessels, blood clots, and much more.
Another reason for hypoxia is anemia. Anemia is an inadequate amount of healthy red blood cells. Anemia can occur due to three main reasons: destruction of red blood cells, not enough production of red blood cells by the body, or loss of red blood cells through bleeding.
Since you know that red blood cells carry oxygen, then obviously not having enough red blood cells, due to any reason, means there aren't enough round floats to carry enough people around on our water slide. This means that fewer people get down the slide and into the pool, resulting in oxygen deficiency at the tissue site.
There are plenty of other reasons as to why a lack of oxygen in the body may occur, even if there are plenty of red blood cells and the blood vessels aren't obstructed.
You've probably heard of one of those reasons: carbon monoxide poisoning. The reason this occurs is as follows. Your red blood cells contain a little protein called hemoglobin that has four oxygen binding sites. Meaning, it can carry four oxygen molecules. Once it grabs onto four oxygen molecules in your lungs, it will let them go once it nears an organ in your body that needs it.
The problem is that if you start inhaling carbon monoxide, the carbon monoxide will bind to hemoglobin far more tightly than it would to oxygen, and in preference to oxygen as well. Meaning, carbon monoxide molecules, which cannot be utilized by your body, out-compete oxygen molecules for the hemoglobin-binding sites.
Furthermore, the carbon monoxide also causes the remaining binding sites on hemoglobin to bind any oxygen molecules far more strongly than before. This increased strength in the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin means that as soon as the red blood cells near an organ that needs oxygen, the hemoglobin proteins cannot let the oxygen go. Therefore, even though there is plenty of oxygen in the blood, none of it can actually be delivered to the tissues and organs that need it.
It's as if your local delivery man drives his truck up to your house, leaves his truck with a package in hand, but doesn't actually want to let the package go. Therefore, you never get the package delivered to your front door even though the delivery man was right there, package in hand. That's what happens in carbon monoxide poisoning.
Another type of poison that can cause hypoxia is called cyanide. In this case, cyanide doesn't stop the delivery of oxygen to tissues, like carbon monoxide does. Instead, cyanide inactivates an enzyme called cytochrome oxidase within the cells of tissues. The inactivation of this enzyme renders the cells in our body's tissues and organs incapable of using oxygen for energy production, resulting in their death. Therefore, oxygen delivery to tissues in cyanide poisoning is not impaired; it is the utilization of the delivered oxygen that is compromised. In any case, this results in hypoxia.
Regardless of whether there isn't enough oxygen in the air to breathe, there's improper supply of oxygen via blood vessels, inadequate release due to carbon monoxide, or improper utilization due to cyanide toxicity - whatever the case may be - cells in your body, especially those of the brain, kidneys, and heart, begin to suffer and die when they do not receive enough oxygen, since they need an oxygen supply for energy production. Without energy, the cell simply dies.
You'd think that if a person were to undergo severe hypoxia that you'd want to restore blood supply and oxygen supply to the affected and dying tissue as soon as possible. While we used to think that was the case, we now know we need to avoid something known as reperfusion injury. In short, what happens is as follows. As soon as blood supply and oxygen supply is restored to a dying tissue after severe or prolonged hypoxia, an inflammatory response begins, which results in the generation of free radicals. The inflammatory process in and of itself, along with the dangerous free radicals, begins to actually damage the affected tissues and organs even more.
As you can tell, the reasons for hypoxia are many, and all of them are dangerous.
Hypoxia is a term that describes inadequate amounts of oxygen supply or utilization in a region of the body or the entire body. This is a less extreme form of improper supply of oxygen than anoxia, which is the complete lack of supply to or utilization of oxygen to part of the body or the entire body.
One reason for hypoxia is ischemia, or the inadequate supply of blood to a tissue or organ, due to obstructed or constricted vasculature, resulting in an inadequate supply of oxygen.
Another reason for hypoxia is anemia. Anemia is an inadequate amount of healthy red blood cells.
There are plenty more reasons for hypoxia, including carbon monoxide and cyanide toxicity.


Description: Lyman 7349007 243-6MM Rem Rifle M Dies Expands and flares the case mouth to help ensure consistent bullet seating during reloading. Two-step operation gives brass a longer service life because it doesn't stretch the case like a standard expander button. When used to reload cast bullets it prevents "shaving" bullet material during seating. Hardened steel, heat treated to Rc 50 and hand polished before and after to an 8 RMS finish. Shellholder not included.


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Notre Dame launches new master's program in engineering, science and technology entrepreneurship
by Marissa Runkle
As the 2009-10 academic year begins at the University of Notre Dame this week, an inaugural group of 29 students pursuing a master of science in engineering, science, technology and entrepreneurship will begin their coursework.
The Engineering, Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Excellence Master's (ESTEEM) program, an entrepreneurship master's program which is a collaboration among the College of Science, the College of Engineering and the Mendoza College of Business, teaches students to innovate and develop entrepreneurial skills and abilities specific to modern technology and science companies, crucial for the successful translation of science and engineering research in the world economy.
Students in the ESTEEM program will learn valuable skills in transforming science and engineering knowledge and discovery into societal and economic value. In addition to classes on finance, strategy and technical marketing, each student will complete a capstone business plan and value creation project. Guided by a faculty mentor, who will provide the seed of an idea for a breakthrough technology from his or her research, each student will develop a plan for commercializing the idea. Students may have the opportunity to further develop their plans into an actual business. The students will utilize the resources of Innovation Park at Notre Dame, the three-story, 55,000-squar- foot building located near campus which will aid in accelerating the market pathways for University research.
From small start-ups to Fortune 500 companies, businesses demand technologically grounded entrepreneurs who can identify new business opportunities and have the skills to develop them.
"I think this program is a natural advancement for Notre Dame," said Carolyn Woo, Martin J. Gillen Dean of the Mendoza College of Business. "It brings together science, business and engineering in a collaborative effort that allows the students to take their education and their knowledge … to create something tangible. You achieve the most leverage when you have all the disciplines working together."
Science, engineering, law and business faculty with interests and experience in business and technology management will lead the program, based on dynamic, small group interaction among faculty, students and technology leaders. The program will prepare students with entrepreneurial skills, and the ability to manage human, financial and technological capital, as well as expertise in their specific field of knowledge.
"The best part of ESTEEM is that students will be immersed in emerging technologies while learning and using business leadership skills that will bring these technologies to fruition," said Robert Alworth, interim director of the program.
"We will build upon Notre Dame's greatest assets — an overarching desire to be a force for good in the world; a strong ethical and moral environment; a tradition of science, engineering, and business working collaboratively in a liberal arts environment; and the collective intellectual capital of extraordinary students, faculty, and external constituencies," said Greg Crawford, dean of the College of Science.
"High technology innovation is the key to success for our nation's economy, and ESTEEM fills an important need for skilled, entrepreneurial scientists and engineers," said Peter Kilpatrick, McCloskey Dean of the College of Engineering. "I think ESTEEM will lead to additional cross-college programs in biomedical sciences and engineering, environmental sciences and engineering and in energy, all incorporating innovation and entrepreneurship."
Graduates of the program will be prepared to be entrepreneurs in technology and science-based fields, whether starting their own small business or creating new opportunities in larger companies.
Contact: Robert Alworth, (574) 631-1364, Robert.L.Alworth.4@nd.edu


The Roll A Bucket was designed by a painter to make painting easier. Why lift a heavy paint bucket when you can roll it? The Roll A Bucket comes with a custom paint grid. The Roll A Bucket is maneuvered with a paint roller, the same way you would use a mop to steer a mop bucket. The specially designed wheels are designed to roll over tarps.


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Mandriva Linux 2010 RC1 released
The Mandriva developers have announced the availability of the first release candidate for Mandriva Linux 2010. Mandriva Linux 2010 is aimed at improving the user experience for daily tasks. The fourth development release includes several bug fixes and updates to the included components.
Mandriva Linux 2010 RC1 is based on the final version of the 2.6.31 Linux kernel and features KDE 4.3, the latest 2.27.90 development release of GNOME and Xfce 4.6.1 as a choice of desktops. Several new Nepomuk related services and interfaces have been included in KDE that, for example, let users add notes, annotations and labels on their files.
Improvements have been made to the recently re-written Network profiles management tool (netprofile) that allow users to create several different network profiles depending on their location (e.g. home, office, away). Amarok 2.2 Beta 2, VirtualBox 3, Sage 4.1 and OpenOffice.org 3.1 are also included in the release. The developers note that Python 3 is now available in the contrib repository, however, due to compatibility issues, Python 2.6 will remain the default version.
More details about the release can be found in the release notes and a list of known issues is available on the project's 2010.0 Errata web page. Mandriva Linux 2010.0 RC1 is available to download as a 32 or 64-bit DVD image file. A second release candidate is scheduled to be released on the 8th of October and the final version of Mandriva Linux 2010 is expected to be available on the 3rd of November. Mandriva Linux is released under the GNU General Public License (GPL).
Mandriva get into the cloud backup business, a report from The H.
Mandriva 2009.1 Spring released, a report from The H.
(crve)
Mandriva Linux 2010 Spring RC2 arrives
Mandriva Linux 2010 Spring Beta 1 released
Mandriva Linux 2010 Spring Alpha 2 arrives
Mandriva Linux 2010 Spring Alpha 1 released
Final Mandriva Linux 2010 release candidate arrives
Mandriva Linux 2010 Alpha 2 released
Linux 3.10 will be able to use the video acceleration features offered by Radeon graphics cores. Systems with Intel graphics will wake from standby faster. Linux now has an input device driver for Apple's infrared receiver more »
The problem of creating funding in a new software business is a major one, and doubly so for open source based companies. Michael Widenius recently described his solution to the problem, "Business Source", claiming it delivers "most of the benefits of open source". The H took a look to see how that held up more »
Kernel developers have toned down an over-eager feature for protecting against the Samsung UEFI bug and added a function for reducing timer interrupt overhead. Improvements have also been made to Hyper-V support and instructions for reporting errors more »
Although Google continues to support a variety of open projects and people, Glyn Moody notes that, following recent changes to Google Code and Google Talk, concern is growing that something fundamental has changed more »
Service Pack 3 includes numerous enhancements for virtualisation and, by adding Secure Boot support and new drivers, beefs up support for newer hardware. There are also numerous enhancements relating to server storage and networking more »
In a nod to fans of classic desktop interfaces, the new Fedora includes a MATE variant and classic mode for GNOME. Systemd now takes care of containers and assigning network names. New drivers support 3D acceleration in newer Radeon graphics cards more »
A second SSD caching framework and support for the new Radeons' video decoder are two of the most important enhancements in Linux 3.10, which is now out. This version also includes several new and improved drivers and a change to the network stack to speed up HTTP connections more »
The news has been full of talk of spying, whistleblowing and data mining. Glyn Moody looks at how open source has been used to threaten freedom and privacy and how it could be used to defend them more »
Cross-site scripting (XSS) is one of the biggest problems faced by webmasters. The new Content Security Policy standard should finally provide some relief more »
Our associate's discovery that URLs sent through Skype are then visited by Microsoft has caused quite a stir. A little more information has now emerged and leads to even more questions more »
Those who heed well-intentioned recommendations and use a separate password for every service either require a photographic memory or the right techniques to keep the multitude of passwords under control more »
"Like" buttons for Facebook, Google+ and Twitter present a privacy problem. A 2-click concept developed by heise online addresses this problem more »
The next step for Java EE 6 was planned to be cloud support but the collapse of ambitious developer plans has meant Java EE 7 arrived with few fundamentally new aspects, representing more a consistent effort to round off existing features more »
An application's version-controlled source code is stored in the repository. Why not that of the database? To reproduce arbitrary database states in development, test or production environments, two powerful Java libraries are at hand that can be seamlessly integrated into a build for an agile Continuous Delivery more »
Consistent unit testing is a basic quality requirement in modern software rdevelopment. Mocha is a framework for writing and executing such tests in Node.js more »
On 24 February 2013, the Ruby community celebrated the 20th birthday of its programming language. Ruby 2.0, a new major release that includes various exciting new features, was released at the same time and The H looks at some of the major changes more »
The Linux Mint project has announced "the most ambitious release since the start of the project". Linux Mint 15 promises a focus on the desktop that Ubuntu has been neglecting lately. The H investigates whether the release delivers on these ambitions more »
The Linux kernel is finally able to use SSDs as hard-disk cache. Changes to the network subsystem promise to improve the way server jobs are distributed across multiple processor cores. Linux 3.9 also includes drivers for new AMD graphics chips and soon-expected Wi-Fi components from Intel more »
For a large number of internet users the current challenge is finding a replacement for Google Reader. The H's Fabian Scherschel has looked at the functionality that made Google Reader popular and the current best alternatives to the Reader experience more »
TrueCrypt is considered the software of choice for encrypting data. A small utility called TCHead systematically takes on this encryption more »
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The Violin is the highest string instrument used in the modern orchestra. Typically, violins are divided into two sections - first violins and second violins.
As with all string instruments, it has a wide range, capable of playing well-above the practical range indicated through the use of harmonics.
The lowest two strings have a rich and dark tone, while the upper two strings are brighter, with the high E string being particularly brilliant. A violin playing on their highest string can carry through thick orchestrations more effectively than on the lower strings.
Where do you find music?
Copyright © 2019 Jon Milton Music.


Description: LASER FLICKS is a business categorized under video tape rental, which is part of the larger category motion pictures. LASER FLICKS is located at the address 612 Lakeshore Road East in Mississauga, Ontario L5G 1J4. The Owner is D Stricek who can be contacted at 905-271-7779.


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The Best Ways to Explore the Slieve League Cliffs
Nearly three times the height of the Cliffs of Moher, the massive Slieve League cliffs are still off most people's tourism radars.
Located in the heart of Donegal – nicknamed Ireland's Forgotten County for good reason! – the Slieve League cliffs are one of Ireland's best-kept gems.
Find out here the best way to experience the wilderness of the Slieve League cliffs.
By Dawn Rainbolt, Marketing Executive
Published: Apr 09, 2018More by Dawn
Check out our Insiders guide for everything related on the great Slieve League cliffs of Ireland.
Want to enjoy a Slieve League hike? Or maybe just want to learn more about where the Slieve League cliffs are.
Whatever your question is then just check out list relating to the Irish Slieve League cliffs in Donegal. Just click one of the links below to be taken straight to more information on each topic.
Click on the links below to navigate this article
What is Slieve League?
Slieve League – Location
Best Cliff Panormas
Hiking Slieve League
History of the Slieve League region
A little more about Co. Donegal
How to visit Slieve League
What are the Slieve League Cliffs?
Hiking the Slieve League Cliffs in midsummer.
What makes the Slieve League cliffs so special? For starters, their height! They are 601 m (or 1,972ft) at their highest point, making them just about three times the highest point of the Cliffs of Moher (which clocks in at 155 m or 509 ft). In fact, they fall just shy from the highest cliffs in Ireland, beat by the Croaghaun Cliffs on Achill Island, whose highest elevation reaches 688 m. Both Croaghaun and Slieve League rank right at the top of Europe's highest sea cliffs.
Where is Slieve League?
These massive cliffs are located in County Donegal in the northwest corner of Ireland. Nicknamed Ireland's 'Forgotten County,' a foray into Donegal tells it all. Donegal is a wild, rural place – full of vast bogs, rugged mountains, forlorn coasts and quiet farms. Donegal is possibly the coolest county in Ireland – in fact, Donegal was voted the Coolest Place on Earth by National Geographic Traveller.
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The Best Slieve League Cliffs Viewpoint
Hike along the brilliant Slieve League Cliffs, among Europe's highest.
The most famous way to photograph the cliffs is from the Bunglas Viewpoint. Past Teelin village, follow the road until you get to the car park. You can park there, and walk up the road, about a mile (1.7 km) through a set of gates (as a general rule, always close such gates behind you as they're meant to keep livestock from straying) up the small, winding road through sheep pastures. Or, you can drive up the road, and park at the upper car park if there's space.
Rounding the final bend, you'll get your first view of the massive Slieve League cliffs! Leaving the car behind, you can walk out around the Bunglas viewpoint for the classic view of the cliffs. Get your cameras ready! This is the most photogenic viewpoint of Slieve League. On a clear day, turn around and look behind you – you'll get an amazing view of Ben Bulben, Ireland's iconic table mountain, located in County Sligo.
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The Best Ways to Hike Slieve League Cliffs
Exploring the remains of the mass rock on the slopes of Slieve League cliffs along the Pilgrim's Path
If you start from Teelin:
Those adventurers out there itching to get out to the wilds of Donegal and Slieve League should hike the Pilgrim's Path. To get there, follow a narrow road up from Teelin village for about a kilometre to where the road ends in a car park and trail head.
A rough, careworn path is chiselled into the green mountainside. The Pilgrim's Path is about 3km in length and will take you roughly 2-3 hours out and back. Or, you can continue upon One Man's Pass, along the cliffs and down to Bunglas (see below) and either walk back along the country roads or try to arrange a taxi. This full length walk will take 4-5 hours for the whole duration, or 3-4 hours if you get a lift along the roads.
The Pilgrim's Path is narrow and steep – in some places, it's rocky underfoot, and in other places, boggy. Therefore, make sure you've dressed appropriately in a waterproof jacket and trousers, as well as sturdy hiking boots with ankle support!
Hiking the Pilgrim's Path, up the back side of Slieve League.
The trail's name comes from the era of Ireland's Penal laws in the 18th and 19th centuries, a series of laws imposed on the local Irish population to force Irish Roman Catholic dissenters to convert to the "true faith" of the English Anglican Church.
This meant that official Catholic worship was outlawed, but many Irish refused to convert, so they met in secret in remote, rural places, such as Slieve League, where they said mass from allotted "mass rocks." Along the Pilgrim's Path, you'll find the remains of a Mass Rock, a makeshift "church." Today it's in ruin, but the name stuck!
Further up, you'll find a yellow pole marking the summit – as you round the bend, you'll feel a wall of wind blasting over the Slieve League cliffs. Inch closer through the wind to the edge (though keep in mind there isn't much in the way of barriers) and admire the amazing panorama of the massive cliffs and churning Atlantic below.
If you start from the Bunglas Viewpoint:
Hiking Slieve League from the Bunglas Viewpoint.
If you prefer, you can also start hiking directly from the Bunglas Viewpoint, where you'll get the classic views of the cliffs. Though higher than the Cliffs of Moher, the Slieve League cliffs are sloping rather than sheer precipices, so it's easier and safer to walk along the edge of the cliffs.
Most people only follow the first section of this cliff path, built out of stone steps. But within just 15-20 mins of climbing, you're in the wild. Follow the cliffs as long as you'd like, until you're standing at the highest point of the Slieve League cliffs, walking amongst mountain sheep and diving sea birds.
For the adventurous, you can keep going all the way to the Pilgrim's Path. However, this should only be attempted by experienced hikers… you'll see why in just a minute! First, follow the well-worn trail along the cliffs to the summit of Cnoc Ramhar, where the path becomes eroded and boggy. The next section is the infamous One Man's Pass. A narrow, 400m knife-like craggy edge, the land drops dramatically on each side. Less experienced hikers or those with vertigo can take the path on the right, a longer way that avoids the pass.
One Man's Pass connects with the Pilgrim's Path – see above. You could then continue down to Teelin and walk along the road back to the car park, or you could try to organise a taxi.
If these hikes sounds amazing, learn more about how you can join on our hiking trip along the Causeway Coast & Donegal.
Best place for tea and cakes?
Head back towards Teelin village where there's a small white building simply called Tí Linn. Though simple, this is the perfect place to warm up with a hot cup of tea, a bowl of simmering soup, and nice sandwiches. There's also a quaint craft gift shop there with a nice selection of wool products, handmade crafts, local souvenirs and books about travelling in Ireland.
What's the history connected with the Slieve League Cliffs?
One of Donegal's many Napoleonic signal towers just below Slieve League.
Aside from the Mass Rock, there are also remains of an early Christian monastic site (including the remnants of early beehive huts) – even traces of an older civilisation. More recently, there is an old signal tower dating back to the Napoleonic wars when the British (who occupied Ireland at the time) were worried about a potential French invasion (which never occurred). Most recent is the vestiges of the WWII era 'EIRE' sign, signifying Irish neutral ground. There are dozens of other signs like that dotted throughout the coastal headlands, though not all continue to be maintained.
What makes Co Donegal so unique?
Hiking at Malin Head, home to Star Wars and Ireland's northernmost point.
Nicknamed the Forgotten County for its remoteness, Donegal was the last county to come under British rule and had therefore retained Irish heritage throughout the 1500s (long after other parts of Ireland fell under British rule) – only losing its independence with the Flight of the Earls in 1607 after a failed revolt against the Crown.
Donegal is remote. It is wild. It is full of history and heritage and vast landscapes. In a way, it's the closest you'll get to "old, traditional" Ireland. Though it's not as huge an enterprise as it once was, you'll still find prestigious Donegal tweed clothing articles all over the county. Hidden waterfalls, forgotten neolithic sites, rugged coastlines and picturesque mountains await. In the north of the county, there's Glenveagh National Park, Malin Head (home to Star Wars), and Lough Swilly Fjord. In the south, you get the surfing beaches, tweed weavers – and Slieve League. It's a county with a lot to offer – and with far fewer tourists than further south.
How can I visit Slieve League Cliffs?
Enjoying the view of Slieve League at the Bunglas Viewpoint
For those that prefer a private trip, work with our expert travel designers to create a unique, outdoor adventure through Ireland's wild northwest, or book our ready-made self-drive trip exploring the Causeway Coast & Donegal.
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Meet the Author: Dawn Rainbolt
"American by birth but European in spirit, Dawn has called the US, Costa Rica, Spain, England, Poland, France and now Ireland home over the years. While she has travelled to more than 30 countries, she has fallen in love with the rich Irish culture and sweeping landscapes of Ireland. Armed with a Masters Degree in Tourism Marketing and a love of writing and photography, she is Wilderness Ireland's Marketing Executive since 2017."
View profileMore by Dawn
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Introducing NEW 2020 Trips


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Empathy and obedience: It's all in the execution
by Rosie Jackson
50 years on, Stanley Milgram's obedience studies retain a peculiar allure. Rosie Jackson asks why we want to watch people squirm, and why we really do like doing what we're told.
We like watching people in desperate dilemmas. In the 1988 film A Short Film About Killing, directed by Krzysztof Kieślowski, we are shown two murders of equal grossness. Both are implemented with considerable forethought and without hesitation: there's the cold-blooded killer who strangles a repugnant taxi driver and bludgeons his head with a rock; and there's the rabid, uniformed men who prepare the rope and execute the killer's hanging. The dilemma exists not for the characters but for us, because neither death — the one sanctioned, the one criminal — is better or more justified than the other. There can be no cancelling out.
It's a topical issue. In the same week that California's Proposition 34 – the anti-death penalty ballot initiative also known as Safe California – was narrowly defeated by a vote of 52.8% to 47.2%, an Amnesty International film called "Execution: Right or Wrong? You Decide" was screened throughout the US to thousands of people. According to the press release, "Select theaters across America will become execution chambers" as movie-goers watch documentary footage of life on death row. It is the only film ever to star a real condemned man (William Neal Moore spent 16 years on Death Row and was only 7 hours from the electric chair) a real warden, a real priest and a real (possibly) execution. It's 25 years after 70% of the state's voters approved the death penalty, but the population of California still teeters on the brink of indecision. Given the choice, it's preferable to put evil on a pedestal, and make it dance where we can see it.
In an article called "Deregulating Death", the Director of Stanford Criminal Justice Centre Robert Weisberg, likens the death penalty juror to the experiment subjects of Stanley Milgram, the Yale professor who famously shed light on the capacity of ordinary people to commit heinous crimes. In 1961, three months after the start of the Adolf Eichmann trial, Milgram began to measure the capacity of individuals to harm innocent parties when instructed to do so. The subject was assigned the role of "teacher" and an actor the role of "learner", before the two were separated into different rooms both connected with a microphone and loudspeaker. The teacher was asked to read aloud a series of word pairs to which the learner responded with the push of a button. If the answer was wrong, the teacher would dispense a shock, which increased in voltage as the test continued. 65% of participants did not terminate the experiment — even though many were visibly distressed by the shouts of pain from the learner — and successfully went on to administer the final 450V.
This "Behavioral study of Obedience" was the first of many conducted by Milgram and prompted a stream of copycat experiments, both scientific and artistic. Public and private evils acquired pop status on the big and small screen: Philip Zimbardo's Stanford prison experiment in 1971; 2010 French documentary The Game of Death; a black and white film called "Obedience" shot by Milgram himself in May 1962 to document his findings; and, most recently, Compliance, written and directed by Craig Zobel, whose frank depiction of the systematic abuse of a fast food employee in the name of a fake authority traumatised audiences at New York and Sundance. Chillingly, it's based on a true story.
A new book, "Behind the Shock Machine", which focuses on Milgram's professional agenda, as well as the personal histories of the study's actor and volunteers, misses the point of the matter entirely. The specifics of the experiment are in fact the least interesting thing about it. What is compelling about the 1961 study is its elegant assertion of what has continuously been proved to be the case – that for many of us there is no line that we will not cross if given a good enough reason to do so. As Thomas More in Robert Bolt's play A Man For All Seasons puts it: "The law is not a 'light' for you or any man to see by; the law is not an instrument of any kind…The law is a causeway upon which, so long as he keeps to it, a citizen may walk safely."
What Milgram rightly points out, biased or not, is that the subject's conflict "stems from the opposition of two deeply ingrained behaviour dispositions: firstly, the disposition not to harm other people, and secondly, the tendency to obey those whom we perceive to be legitimate authorities." For most people, the more questionable the act, the stronger and more entrenched the authority must be to convince individuals to implement it. And it won't be easy. As New York Times columnist David Brooks points out: "Nazi prison guards sometimes wept as they mowed down Jewish women and children, but they still did it."
There is a difference between knowing a particular kind of behaviour is wrong, and feeling it is wrong, but we do not know where this distinction lies. What we do know is that daily life is a balance between fitting in, and doing what we believe is the right thing (wherever that impulse comes from). Whether any given person would follow Milgram's experiment through to its logical conclusion, or not, simply depends on which of these impulses wins out.
As Craig Zobel incisively explains: "We can't be on guard all the time. In order to have a pleasant life, you have to be able to trust that people are who they say they are. And if you questioned everything you heard, you'd never get anything done. It's infinitely more efficient to follow a chosen leader and walk in lock step with a chosen tribe." On the whole, we would rather surround ourselves with people who share our codes of behaviour than have our actions constantly questioned by others. In all cases, we have a tendency to take the path of least resistance.
For Milgram, this is largely dependent on the way we perceive our role in specific situations. Elaborating on the 'agentic state theory', he maintained that "the essence of obedience consists in the fact that a person comes to view themselves as the instrument for carrying out another person's wishes, and they therefore no longer see themselves as responsible for their actions. Once this critical shift of viewpoint has occurred in the person, all of the essential features of obedience follow". If you see yourself as a pawn, you will be a pawn.
Commonly, our resting mode is deferral to a superior, the institution, the house rules. It is only when a freak event blows up in our faces, unexpectedly, that we are forced to act for ourselves. We cannot defer. Unlike the slow burn of Milgram's strain of obedience, where instructors whisper in your ear at every juncture, sometimes the immediacy of a situation knocks us out of line.
This immediacy and intimacy is key. When the person in pain is close to us we are far more likely to act. As Joan Didion argues in her essay on "wagon-train" morality and abandoning our loved ones to coyotes: "Except on the most primitive level – our loyalties to those we love – what could be more arrogant than to claim the primacy of personal conscience?" But do we act well, morally, kindly in the case of strangers? Sometimes, rarely, not always.
David Hume, who contradictorily maintained both that adopting the moral point of view often requires us to sympathise with the pain and suffering of distant strangers, and that our concern is limited to those in our close circle, said: "the minds of men are mirrors to one another" insofar as they "reflect each other's emotions". Indeed, social neuroscientists comparing neural activity when one feels pain and when one observes a close acquaintance in pain found similar firing patterns occurring.
Furthermore, in the closest bonds, mirroring is tangible. Parents actually mimic the facial expressions of their children as they register their pain. Hume goes on to say that "We sympathise more with persons contiguous to us, than with persons remote from us: With our acquaintance, than with strangers: With our countrymen, than with foreigners."
Empathising with the suffering of friends or strangers actually recruits different patterns of brain activation. While witnessing a friend's pain activates the regions of the brain associated with firsthand experience, observing a stranger in pain activates brain regions associated with "mentalizing" - thinking about the mental states and intention of others. In order to empathise with strangers, we have to imagine ourselves in the position of someone close to them. And even Milgram's experiments bear this out. In the experiment variation where the "learner's" physical immediacy was closest, where participants had to physically hold the "learner's" arm onto a shock plate, compliance decreased. Under that condition, only 30% of participants completed the experiment.
Of course empathy isn't infallible – it results in all sorts of dubious judgements. All studies after Milgram needle us into getting the compliance point, when in many cases authority is not the greater evil. Yale Finance Professor Robert Shiller, author of Irrational Exuberance, argues that the Milgram experiment evidences deeply-ingrained trust of authority which isn't misplaced: "[People] have learned that when experts tell them something is all right, it probably is, even if it does not seem so. (In fact, it is worth noting that in this case the experimenter was indeed correct: it was all right to continue giving the 'shocks' — even though most of the subjects did not suspect the reason."
We have learnt not to trust our own judgement, which is perhaps why we like to shake ourselves up a bit, to watch a film about killing, again and again. For the viewer, what is the difference between art about violence and violent art? Filmed experiments and films about experiments? Performances, like Milgram's, which overturn the dark damp side of the rock? The agenda is different but the reaction the same – varying levels of horror, disgust, empathy or detachment.
We might compare Milgram's experiment with Andy Warhol's electric chair, or the Discovery Channel's Curiosity show How Evil Are You? or Herzog's Into the Abyss? All are instances in art or life which satisfy our predilection for the dark side, which in the best cases startle and subvert, but which ultimately, leave us as cold and changeable as ever. Putting a flag on a thing, or chaining it up in the limelight, doesn't give you power over it. But it does, if only for a moment, make it questionable.
ROSIE JACKSON is a UK-based writer, journalist and former Associate Editor of the Journal of Wild Culture.
Image credit: Manya Fox
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Before the All-Star break, Philadelphia Union Team Manager John Hackworth mentioned it will be nice to have a whole week to prepare for New England. He turned out to be right as the Philadelphia Union defeated the New England Revolution 2-1 in an exciting comeback victory.
Antoine Hoppenot earned his first MLS start, and it looked like the line of McInerney and Hoppenot would cause trouble for New England. In the fourth minute Gabriel Farfan played a ball over the top to Hoppenot, but Hoppenot was whistled offside. Hoppenot earned the Union's first corner in the ninth minute, the ensuing inswinger by Freddy Adu was stopped, and Jack McInerney's chance on a loose ball was also stopped.
New England would score first and boded bad for the Union. This year the Union has not won after trailing in a game. In the 12th minute New England's Saër Sène shot a rocket from about 30 yards out and it found the net. Sène almost put the Revolution up by two goals in the 23rd minute, but Zac MacMath was well positioned to make the save. The score would remain 1-0 New England heading into halftime.
One minute into the second half Antoine Hoppenot earned an early corner for the Philadelphia Union, but nothing came of it. Three minutes later Sène had another scoring chance, but a sliding Sheanon Williams broke up the play. In the 53rd minute Sheanon Williams prevented another Sène scoring opportunity.
Jack McInerney was taken down near the box. While it looked to be outside the box, the head referee signaled for a penalty kick. Freddy Adu lined up to take the penalty kick, and buried the penalty kick past a diving Reis. The Union has made all ten penalty kicks they have attempted in league play in franchise history.
Zac MacMath would keep the game tied as New England had a barrage of scoring chances. In the 79th minute MacMath made a save on a well-taken free kick, and Feilhaber took a long shot in the 86th minute, but MacMath came up huge again to prevent a score. Sène got behind the back line in the 89th minute, however, MacMath made another save preventing New England from taking the lead and three points.
The Union would strike again for its first comeback win of the season. Sheanon Williams crossed the ball from the right side, and Jack McInerney headed the ball home for the game-winner. After the goal McInerney ran over to the River End and was lifted into the stands by the Sons of Ben supporters. The celebration showed just how big the Union's 2-1 victory over New England was. As a result of the win, Philadelphia is now tied for eighth place with New England and is only nine points back from fifth place Chicago Fire, who at the moment is in the last spot for the playoffs. Luckily for the Union, they have games in hand on everyone ahead of them in the standings but the Columbus Crew.
With the win against New England, the Philadelphia Union has now won four straight MLS games at home. They face off next against the Montreal Impact on August 4th.