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Investment Topics
Endowment Management
TEF Library
About TEF
TIFF Education Foundation > Library
The Library section lists all of TEF's written materials - including articles, speeches, and commentary - chronologically, dating back to 1994. If you cannot use the roll over feature in the timeline above, you may wish to download Silverlight.
2011 Edition 1
Summaries of interviews, including Ken Hersh (NGP Energy Capital Management), David Dominik (Golden Gate Capital), Runa Alam (Development Partners International), Steve Mandel (Lone Pine Capital), Lee Ainslie (Maverick Capital Management).
Interviews with Michael Eisenson (Charlesbank Capital Partners) and Josh Kopelman (First Round Capital) from the 2009 Endowment Management Seminar.
A great financial journalist of the 20th century gets remembered and honored by a new voice of the 21st.
Interview with Stu Porter (Denham Capital Management) from the 2008 Endowment Management Seminar.
Interview with Seth Klarman (Baupost Group) from the 2008 Endowment Management Seminar.
Interviews with Arshad Zakaria (New Vernon Capital) and Jon Moulton (Alchemy Partners) from the 2008 Endowment Management Seminar.
Interviews with Ian Wace (Marshall Wace Asset Management), Jeremy Hosking (Marathon Asset Management), and Antoine van Agtmael (Emerging Markets Management) from the 2009 Endowment Management Seminar.
Interviews with Hilda Ochoa-Brillembourg (Strategic Investment Group) and Tom Steyer (Farallon Capital Management) from the 2007 Endowment Management Seminar.
Interview with Robert Bruner (University of Virginia Darden School of Business) from the 2008 Endowment Management Seminar
An address entitled Endowment Management Circa 2007: Art, Science or Craft? by TIFF's founding president David Salem at a gathering assembled by the National Association of College and University Business Officers (NACUBO).
Interviews with Bevis Longstreth (Former SEC Commissioner), Joanne Hill (Goldman Sachs), and Marty Leibowitz (Morgan Stanley) from the 2007 Endowment Management Seminar.
Interviews with Jim Garland (The Jeffrey Company), Charlie Ellis (Yale University's investment committee), and Mark Kritzman (Windham Capital Management) from the 2005 Endowment Management Seminar.
A fictional investment committee deliberates the pros and cons of a novel approach to policy portfolio construction entailing a highly unconventional approach to risk budgeting.
Interviews with Harvey Dale (NYU School of Law), Mohamed El-Erian (Harvard Management Company), and Bill McCalpin (Rockefeller Brothers Fund) from the 2006 Endowment Management Seminar.
Interviews with Bill Helman (Greylock Partners) and Jeremy Grantham (GMO) from the 2006 Endowment Management Seminar.
Thoughts on ways in which persons charged with stewarding endowment capital can do a more effective job discharging this solemn duty.
Discusses how most investment failures tend to be rooted in overly aggressive play.
Presentations by Jack Meyer (Harvard Management Company) and Steve Galbraith (Maverick Capital) from the 2005 Endowment Management Seminar.
2004 1Q
Discusses the fact that even if the Chinese economy keeps expanding at a rapid clip, this doesn't necessarily mean that shareholders in the latter will pocket large profits
Discusses an ambitious initiative: to develop a truly integrated approach to investment policy formulation for endowed charities.
Focuses on a concise and internally consistent investment policy statement (IPS) for endowed charities.
Discusses the costs that endowed charities and other investors incur due to a misalignment of interests between owners or principals on the one hand and agents on the other.
China Syndrome
Discusses the fact that even if the Chinese economy keeps expanding at a rapid clip, this doesn't necessarily mean that shareholders in the latter will pocket large profits.
Discusses – among other things – the fact that few investors can afford to "buy and hold" stocks on a truly permanent basis, perpetual life charities not excepted.
Discusses regulation, the money management industry, and hedge funds versus absolute-return-oriented investment partnerships.
A fictional investment committee debates long-term asset allocation and why relatively small money management shops have an edge investing in marketable stocks on a truly global basis.
Dear Diary Part III
Policy Portfolio Redux
By devising creative answers to familiar questions – or by asking questions that others lack the creativity or courage to pose – investors can gain a material edge over the competition.
The best means of preserving the non-profit sector's vitally important independence is for those privileged to hold leadership positions within it to insist that the organizations they lead adhere to the highest possible standards of performance and fair dealing.
Because so many forms of investing have failed of late, the demand for certain types of managers is shrinking relative to available supply, making it easier on the margin for attentive investors to negotiate more client-friendly fees and terms.
A fictional investment committee debates a host of scintillating investment policy issues, including sensible policy changes, adding private investments into a policy, and foreign stocks.
What If...
CoF 4/29/2002 - 6% Real or Bust?
Focuses on the fact that there's no such thing as an "ideal" asset mix or policy portfolio, even for endowed charities with identical spending rules.
NACUBO 1/17/2002 - 6% Real or Bust?
Two Percent Dilemma
Asks the question: how can trustees of endowed charities deploy their assets in a manner that will give them a "fighting chance" of maintaining purchasing power while consuming 6% of endowment assets per annum?
Keeping a diary of timeless truths about investing has helped at least one fiduciary avoid certain mistakes that investors tend to make on a recurring basis.
Boiled to their essence, all prescriptions for investment success have just two active ingredients: "think long term" and "control your emotions."
Asset allocation, like parenting, is such a universal and important challenge that laypersons assume "experts" have reduced it to an exact science. In fact, it's nothing of the sort.
Dear Diary Part I: Timeless Truths About Investing
Dear Diary Part II
The Six Percent Solution
Discusses asset allocation, i.e., what types of assets endowed charities should hold and in what proportion.
Financial markets were memorably unkind to most investors in 2000, and careful study of that year's market action reveals several important lessons for investors.
Bibliography for K12 Educational in America
America's elementary and secondary schools (private as well as public) are manifestly failing to prepare students to compete effectively in a truly globalized economy.
Provocative Panel on Private Investing
Three broad categories are covered: (1) the Internet's impact on corporate strategy and tactics, (2) the Internet's impact on institutional investment strategy and tactics, and (3) the Internet's impact on public policy formulation and implementation.
Tending Toward TIPS
Discusses Inflation Linked Bonds (ILBs) and the global ILB market.
Reflections on US Real Estate
Discusses the two main segments of the real estate market: the first includes those areas that cater to the technology industry (San Francisco area, Boston, New York City, west Los Angeles), and the second segment is everything else.
There are more than a few parallels between what speakers had to say at a pension officers' conference in Cape Town and what wide-eyed tourists espied on the game reserve: there is safety in numbers, overconfidence is to be overcome, expect the unexpected, sloth is a virtue, risk is in the eyes of the beholder.
The lamentable fact is that computer-based approaches to asset allocation do not eliminate the need for fiduciaries (or their advisers) to make subjective judgments about future returns, volatilities, and correlations of the asset classes and subclasses being considered for purchase.
A Look Ahead Parts I and II
Comprises a series of observations about the state of American society and markets circa December 1999.
The S&P 500 comprises not the 500 largest US stocks but rather 500 issues that a committee of Standard & Poors employees deems representative of the broad US economy.
Fund of Funds: Cure or Disease?
Discusses the vital disciplinary role of fund-of-funds in the private equity marketplace.
Exogenous Risk vs Endogenous Risk
"Exogenous risk" is a fancy way of describing what most investors focus on when they ponder why securities move up or down in price.
One nice thing to be said about both the M² and Sharpe methods is that they are robust enough to accommodate multiple definitions of risk.
Much Ado About Bonds
The only reason to hold bonds on a truly permanent basis is to hedge against a major deflation like the 1930s, and the only bonds worth owning in a major deflation are long-term, high quality, non-callable ones.
Emerging Markets Dugout Speech
Covers interesting facts and figures about emerging markets and discusses whether or not emerging markets is a distinct asset class.
Inflation Linked Bonds
Attempts to synthesize the chief arguments for and against the US Treasury's proposal to issue inflation-indexed bonds — from both an investor's and a taxpayer's perspective.
Inflation_Linked Bonds Redux
Expands upon Inflation Linked Bonds and discusses new things learned about the US Treasury's issuing of "Canadian-style" inflation-linked bonds.
Mark Twain was right: there's as much human nature in any of us as there is in all of us, and hence the only safe premise on which our investment behavior can be based is the assumption that our intuitions are likely to mislead us from time to time.
"Alternative" Investment: Balancing Risks and Rewards
The principles that underlie most successful attempts to diversify institutional funds beyond domestic stocks and bonds are in fact the same principles that animate successful investment programs that are confined to these two traditional asset classes.
Why Not 100 % Stocks
The problem with the all-equity approach that a lot of colleges adopted in the early 1970s is not that the approach was wrong, but rather that they didn't have the discipline to stick with it.
Thinking About Risk
Many investors have been so conditioned to examine carefully the risks inherent in each investment that they make — to make sure that their downside is tolerable — that they ignore entirely or give short shrift to the important question of whether their upside is adequate.
Reflections on Investing
There is no such thing as an "ideal" asset mix — even for foundations with identical spending policies.
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text:
import React from 'react';
import { Platform } from 'react-native';
import PropTypes from 'prop-types';
import { compose, withProps } from 'recompose';
import PaddedView from '@ui/PaddedView';
import { H7, BodyText } from '@ui/typography';
import styled from '@ui/styled';
import HorizontalTileFeed from '@ui/HorizontalTileFeed';
import { Link } from '@ui/NativeWebRouter';
import CardTile from '@ui/CardTile';
import { ButtonLink } from '@ui/Button';

const LocationCard = styled(({ theme, isHighlighted }) => ({
  backgroundColor: theme.colors.background.paper,
  ...(isHighlighted ? {
    borderColor: theme.colors.primary,
    borderWidth: 3,
  } : {}),
  ...Platform.select(theme.shadows.default),
}))(CardTile);

const LearnMoreText = styled(({ theme }) => ({
  marginTop: theme.sizing.baseUnit / 2,
}))(ButtonLink);

const DistanceText = styled(({ theme }) => ({
  marginBottom: theme.sizing.baseUnit / 2,
  color: theme.colors.text.tertiary,
}))(H7);

const renderCampus = ({ item: campus }) => (
  <Link to={campus.url}>
    <LocationCard
      isHighlighted={campus.isHighlighted}
      title={campus.name || ''}
      isLoading={campus.isLoading}
    >
      <PaddedView vertical={false}>
        {(() => {
          if (!campus.distance || !campus.distance.value) return null;
          return (
            <DistanceText>
              {(campus.distance.value * 0.000621371192).toFixed(2) /* meters to miles */} miles away
            </DistanceText>
          );
        })()}
        {campus.services && campus.services.map(x =>
          (<BodyText key={x}>{x}</BodyText>))
        }
        <LearnMoreText>Learn More ›</LearnMoreText>
      </PaddedView>
    </LocationCard>
  </Link>
);

renderCampus.propTypes = {
  item: PropTypes.shape({
    url: PropTypes.string,
    name: PropTypes.string,
    isLoading: PropTypes.bool,
    isHighlighted: PropTypes.bool,
    service: PropTypes.arrayOf(PropTypes.string),
  }),
};

const CampusFeed = compose(
  withProps(({ campuses = [], geoElements = [] } = {}) => ({
    content: campuses
      .filter(campus => campus.location && campus.location.street1)
      .map((campus, i) => ({
        ...campus,
        distance: geoElements[i] ? geoElements[i].distance : undefined,
      }))
      .sort((l, r) => (l.distance && l.distance.value) - (r.distance && r.distance.value))
      .map((item, i) => ({ ...item, isHighlighted: geoElements.length > 0 && i === 0 })),
    renderItem: renderCampus,
  })),
)(HorizontalTileFeed);

export default CampusFeed;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home Uncategorized Beginning Again With Joy
Beginning Again With Joy
admin March 31, 2018 March 31, 2018 Uncategorized
I have addressed the topic Beginning Again With Joy as the subject of a past speaking engagement, but I feel compelled to write about it because I can see that joy is missing in so many lives. It's certainly obvious how much joy is missing in our world.
Part of the problem is, people have become preoccupied with pursuing happiness. And happiness is not the same as joy. We tend to equate happiness with joy, but they're two entirely different ideas because they spring from two different sources. Happiness comes from momentary happenings in the world around us, while joy originates from the Spirit living within.
When I speak of joy, I'm not talking about the instant rush of pleasure we might feel in response to some event. I'm talking about a feeling and a grace that arises from inside us that can be a constant companion, even when we're facing challenges in our human experience.
Happiness is something that happens to us, and it only lasts as long as the happy event lasts. Joy is evidence of the presence of God in our life, and it's a constant, providing we don't shut it down or slow it down, interfere, or get in the way of its flow.
How do we limit the flow of joy in our lives? Well, I'm sure most of you have heard about a "set-point" of happiness. This theory suggests that our habit level of joy, what we're used to, is often ingrained in our consciousness early in life. It then tends to remain at a constant level to which we always return after our momentary spurts of happiness. That set-point, or joy level that we're used to will determine our "perception" of what we see, hear, and experience in the human world. (You might want to read that again so you make sure you "get" it!)
So, a person with a high set-point of joy will notice more beauty, goodness, that which is positive, uplifting, inspiring and courageous. Such a set-point will be anchored in hope, faith, and victorious living. But a person with a low set-point will, in spite of feeling an occasional sense of giddy pleasure, always return to a perception of life that notices what isn't right, what's wrong with other people, what's wrong about themselves, what's missing, and so on. So the idea is to find ways to lift one's set-point of joy higher and higher as they journey through this human experience.
Many of us have lost touch with the true feeling of joy because we have become lost in the pursuit of happiness, pleasure, more and better, bigger and faster. We have amped up the need for more and more in order to feel anything at all. Our society has become addicted to overstimulation and escapism in order to cope with all the stress we've created in this relentless pursuit of happiness. It's made us edgy, touchy, impatient, grumbly, and short-tempered.
Have you noticed how many people in public service jobs have buried their joy so deeply that what they mostly bring to their jobs is resentment and cynicism? Have you noticed how many people have grumpy, bossy personalities because they've lost touch with their joy?
I remember reading a story about a man, we'll call him Tom, who walked into his doctor's office and was greeted by one of these grumpy, bossy people who happened to be the receptionist. Tom told her that he had come in to have the doctor take a look at a sore that had suddenly cropped up on his face.
She said to him, "Down the hall, first door on the right, and take off your clothes.
"But" Tom said, "It's just a sore on my face. I don't need to do all that."
She again said with a bit more intensity, "Down the hall, first door on the right, and take off your clothes!"
"But … " Now she really let him have it! "Down the hall, first door on the right, and take off your clothes!!"
So, he followed orders and went down the hall, opened the first door on the right, walked in and there was another man already sitting there in his underwear, looking very confused. Tom said to him, "Wow! That receptionist is really something, isn't she? I just have a sore on my face, and she told me to come in here and take off my clothes." The man in his underwear said, "You think that's crazy? I'm the FedEx delivery guy!"
We run into people like this receptionist all the time. People who are out-of-sorts because they've lost touch with their joy.
Their set-point is anchored in self-pity, blame, shame, resentment, and other perceptions that interfere with the flow of grace and joy. When people lose touch with their joy, they become less and less compassionate and more and more inflexible They take their resentment out on people around them with nasty attitudes and unbendable demands.
In Galations 5:22, Paul talks about the fruit of the Spirit, which refers to the demonstration of Spirit in our lives. He states, "But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness and self-control." He also says, "If we live in the Spirit, let us also walk in the Spirit." In other words, if we live, and move, and have our being in the all-pervasive Presence of the One Source, then it's our responsibility to bring the qualities of God forth into our experience of life.
The very first "fruit of the Spirit" that Paul mentions is love. The next is joy. The fact is, a lot of people are looking for love in all the wrong places, and likewise, they're looking for joy in all the wrong places. The result is, they look alive, they sound like they're alive, but they're dead to an inner connection with the joy of Spirit. Their happiness has become dependent upon what's happening to them. If people treat them good, if things are going well in their life, if they are "getting" from life that which they expect, then they're happy. But if circumstances aren't favorable, if they aren't getting from life that which they expect, then they're unhappy. As a result they begin to dry up inside, thinking of everything they have to do as just some thankless, joyless routine.
I think that this spirit of discontent, this feeling of unsatisfied expectations, is one of the greatest joy-stealers. Many people are discontent with the way their lives are progressing. Maybe the expectation of some wonderful, high-paying job hasn't shown up. Perhaps their expectations for a fulfilling relationship hasn't happened. Or maybe family members aren't living like they're expected to.
I find it interesting to notice that St. Paul calls contentment a "secret", implying that there's a kind of mystery about being content. In Philippians Paul says, "I know what it is to be in need, and I know what it is to have plenty. I have learned the secret of being content in any and every situation, whether well fed or hungry, whether living in plenty or in want."
Contentment doesn't come when we have everything we want, but when we accept as good that which we have, and begin again with joy.
Another joy-buster is unresolved conflict. When we allow conflict between ourselves and another person to continue, our connection to the source of joy within us becomes blocked. This doesn't mean that joy goes away, but we lose touch with it. Prolonged anger and resentment, as well as an unbendable and closed attitude . . . doesn't leave much room for the joy of Spirit to find its way into our lives.
In 1 Corinthians 13, it talks about how love keeps no record of wrongs. So if you're still keeping track of other people's mistakes, the fruit of joy will be squashed.
Other joy-stealers include unresolved guilt, where a person is unable to accept and forgive themselves.
Another joy-buster is the wounded ego, where we take personally that which someone else says or does, and continue to let it offend us, hurt our feelings, and haunt us.
Now I'm not saying that these things don't happen. People don't always say the right things, or behave the way we expect them to. Sometimes people do offend us and hurt our feelings. As a result we feel unloved, unneeded and left out. And there we stand feeling joyless – back at our old set-point.
As I was putting my thoughts together about this subject, I asked myself, "What is it that comes with the feeling of joy and distinguishes joy from a feeling of momentary happiness?" The first thing I noticed was that true joy is uninterrupted and sustainable, without any help from outside sources. It plays like soothing music in the background of whatever is happening. It's there not only in response to happy events, but just because we allow it to flow.
One thing that always suppresses our joy is the unrealistic expectation that something or someone will come along, change things and make us happy. What we get to realize at some point is that we are already whole and complete. There is, in Truth, nothing anyone can add. It's all about our rediscovery of who we really are. When that realization dawns, really dawns upon our awareness, the joyful, lighthearted energy of Spirit begins to express itself through everything we do. And our desire to give that joy away, with no expectations for anything in return, begins to expand and grow and bring more joy. Nothing is dull, nothing is boring, nothing is anything but a kind of synchronistic flow of well-being.
Friedrich von Schiller was an 18th century philosopher and poet, and author of Ode to Joy which provided the words for Beethoven's Ninth Symphony. Schiller explained that joy is found with the balance and union of reason with feeling, and then making each moment in life a game. The problem is, most people think that making life a game is not something a responsible person does. Most people have let expectations lead them down the path of chronic seriousness and critical judgment. They think of life as a duty of some kind. But when we allow ourselves to become "open" to the task at hand, and open to the power and flow of Spirit as we do what's before us to do, we transform duty into joy, and suddenly everything changes. Myster Eckard called it practicing the presence of God.
In The Power of Now, Eckhart Tolle writes: "If there is no joy, ease, or lightness in what you are doing, it does not necessarily mean that you need to change what you are doing. It may be sufficient to change the how. 'How' is always more important than 'what'. See if you can give much more attention to the doing than to the result that you want to achieve through it. Give your fullest attention to whatever the moment presents. As soon as you honor the present moment, all unhappiness and struggle dissolve, and life begins to flow with joy and ease."
When we let joy enter into everything we do, joy intoxicates and opens the doors to our own heaven on earth. The sad thing is that society has suppressed joy and replaced it with the search and pursuit of happiness. Happiness seduces people with a false promise of stability, contentment, security and peace, while joy is always leading us into an ever-expanding world as we open ourselves to more of that which life has to offer.
I've said it many times: "Joy keeps the flow moving." I suppose it's also true that the flow keeps the joy moving. One of the things we can do to keep the joy moving is to turn our minds toward gratitude.
Gratitude is one way to allow our joy to flow back to God and thereby keep the flow and our joy moving.
Another important thing to remember is that joyful people attract what they want in life more often than joyless people. When we focus our thoughts and feelings on the loving God within, we draw to us that which meets our needs, that which is good, uplifting and healing.
"Seek ye first the Kingdom, and all shall be added unto you." Seek ye first the Kingdom, and you will begin again with joy.
So remember … the moments in which you feel the most joy-filled are not just moments of temporary happiness. They are opportunities to lift your perceptions and increase the frequency and intensity with which to feel joy in the future. In every present moment, begin again with joy!
Treat Yourself To Love!
Are You Growing through Challenges?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Beautiful fully restored 2 bedroom stone cottage. Rate covers one bedroom for use of 2nd bedroom cost is $60 per night for duration of booking. Minimum 2 days per booking.
ETA & phone no. must be given when booking. We will need a mobile phone number and email to give you details to allow you to go direct to the property, please call 9335 4473 if you need any further information. Office hours are 10am to 2pm.
Just 200 metres from the Cappuccino strip and cat bus route. 50 metres from shops. 1 bedroom with king size bed and 2nd bedroom with queen bed. Ceiling fans, wooden floors and built in robes in each. Fully equipped modern kitchen and bathroom/laundry. Open plan living, dining kitchen with reverse cycle air conditioning. A delightful secure rear courtyard.
Standard Terms and Conditions of Temporary Holiday Accommodation with Fremantle Holiday Accommodation.
Fremantle Holiday Accommodation will make every effort to ensure the property is available as booked. However they reserve the right to make alterations to bookings due to unforeseen circumstances without penalty.
Parties and Functions are strictly prohibited. The price charged is for domestic use only and not commercial. Accordingly this rate does not allow for the extra wear associated with functions in terms of cleaning, garbage removal, wear and tear, repairs etc. Use contrary to this may result in additional payments charged to your credit card or immediate eviction.
Damage, Breakages, Theft and Loss are the tenants responsibility during their stay, their credit card will be charged after inspection of the apartment/cottage after the guests vacate the property.
Departure - the property should be left in a similar state to its condition on arrival. Check-out time is 10 am at the latest, to allow time to prepare property for next guests.
Disturbance to the neighbors, including excessive noise, is prohibited and may result in immediate termination of rental and loss of the balance of rent.
This property is rented as short term accommodation and is not serviced until the end of the booking. Linen is supplied by us. The towels supplied are for the bathroom only and are not to be taken from the premises. Beach towels must be supplied by the guest.
Loss - the owners take no responsibility for the guest's personal property.Variations to these conditions may only be made by prior arrangements with the owner in writing.


Washington, D.C. - As Vice President Mike Pence visits Asia and the Trump administration pursues a more assertive approach toward China, the United States and its allies face a growing set of challenges. At the heart of those challenges is a set of maritime disputes between China and its neighbors in the East and South China seas. These disputes threaten regional peace and stability and could pull the United States into a conflict, as illustrated by the recent near-collision between U.S. and Chinese naval vessels in the South China Sea.
For more information, please contact Sam Hananel at [email protected], or 202-478-6327.


I have been having a problem for quite a while on my OpenVPN setup. OpenVPN is running on a FreeBSD 8.0 Server and my client is running Windows 7 Ultimate. This setup was working fine for me for ages on Windows XP. When I switched to Windows 7, it worked fine for a few months then suddenly started erroring out saying "Route: Waiting for TUN/TAP interface to come up...".
Now this is the really irritating thing. Sometimes, for no apparent reason, it will work! It will work wonderfully for a few connections, then it will just die with the same error message.
Any ideas why this may be happening? I have been searching google for weeks now trying to figure it out. I have disabled UAC, Set OpenVPN to compat mode, disabled the firewall, alot of things. I even tried it on another Windows 7 computer with the same result. I have a vague feeling it may be something to do with Windows 7 but I don't have a Windows XP machine to test with.
What version of openvpn are you using on your client system?
I just upgraded to 2.1.4 but there was no change, it still errored out.
Hrm. Ok. If you can, please post your client configuration.
I should also note I am running 64bit Windows.
Just tested it again... It's stopped working Any other ideas?
A: "you start the client, it works for a while but then stops working at some point"
B: "It doesn't work at all now"?
When I go to connect to my OpenVPN server, it will connect 2 times out of 10. The rest of the time it just keeps cycling that same error message.
When it does connect, it works great. But then I may disconnect it for some reason (Like computer reboot) and then it wont connect again. I have to keep trying to connect until it works (As I said, usually around 10 tries).
When I put in the route-delay option, it seemed to work fine. I'd connect every time I tried (I tried 3 times). I turned off my computer, restarted it and it wouldn't connect (Saying the same error message).
I just managed to test on a friend of mines computer which is running Windows XP. I tried to connect using Windows XP and it worked fine. Tried a second later (After disconnecting the Windows XP connection) with my Windows 7 laptop and it didn't work.
When I look at the link, I can't find anything about "dhcpclientserv" and when I search the source code for the anchor "dhcpclientserv" I don't find anything.
are you sure you are starting openvpn as ADMIN?
I have the exact same problem wih windows7!
Then it established connection with errors. I can't go anywhere.
After disconnecting, the second time goes well.
It will eventually work but it started mysteriously for me too. I am using OpenBSD.
a.Go to Start > Run, type services.msc , and Click OK. The service manager appears.
b.In the list of services, find and double-click DHCP Client.
c.Set the Startup type to Automatic.
d.If the Service status is Started, click Stop.
f.Click OK, and close the service manager.
g.Restart ExpressVPN and try connecting again.
■On Windows Vista or Windows 7, right-click Command Prompt and select Run as administrator.
■On Windows XP, click Command Prompt.
d.Start ExpressVPN and try connecting again.
Then the Waiting for TUN/TAP interface to come up stopped to loop.
OK i could use some help. i am trying to connect to 2 different servers. i have the additional TAP adapters installed. my client configs reflect the adapter it should use under devnode! this is the log i get with not connection.
i can connect to either server one at a time but not both. the error below is the second client trying to connect. the first is up and running just fine.


text:
Q: High performance primitive array builder in Java I currently use google-or tools to solve a max flow problem, so this has me create a few int[] arrays in java to pass into ortools. Now ortools is very fast and not an issue here but I'm open to performance minded alternatives here.
The problem lies mostly in building the arrays which takes a majority of the time as well as GC when the results are returned from which I chalk up to probably JNI overhead and not much I can do about that. The primitive arrays approach around the 5 - 7 million point mark and they are large enough to require them to be integers, short is not an option. Do I have any options or tricks or does anyone have any insight into how to most efficiently build these? Memory is not really an issue here I have enough that and for the most part I am open to any solution for the absolute bleeding edge performance, even if it requires a different representation of my data but this still must be able to be plugged into Ortools (unless
You have an idea to replace it) but I welcome any suggestions at all regarding how to get the fastest array building out of this. Mind you I don't know the length of the arrays ahead of time, I don't do updates, deletes, only appends.  I'm happy to provide anymore details. Thanks for any suggestions.

A: Too long for a comment.
If building the problem representation takes a lot of time when compared to solving, then you're doing something wrong. I guess, you're using something like
int[] appendTo(int[] array, int element) {
    int[] result = Arrays.copyOf(array, array.length + 1);
    result[result.length - 1] = element;
    return result;
}

which has a quadratic complexity. The solution is similar to what ArrayList does: Grow by some fixed factor and ignore trailing array elements. This mayn't be what you need at the end, but shrinking all arrays once (just before passing them to the library) is cheap.
You could use a class like
class MyIntArray {
   private int length;
   private int[] data = new data[4];

   // This does the final shrinking.
   public int[] toArray() {
       return Arrays.copyOf(array, length);
   }

   public MyIntArray append(int element) {
       if (array.length == length) {
           array = Arrays.copyOf(array, 2 * length);
       }
       array[length++] = element;
   }
}

or misuse the last element of an int[] for tracking the logical length (slightly more efficient, but very hacky).
There are various trade-offs, e.g., you could reduce your growth factor to 1.5 by using length + (length >> 1) instead of 2 * length, start with shorter or longer arrays, or even with an empty array (like ArrayList does; then you'd need to adapt the growth factor as well).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Test for table/view existence with Scalaquery & create if not present I am writing some tests to automate checking if a database (a MS SQL
Server instance) has certain views, and if it does not, creating those
views using the BasicTable object.
Something like:
  @Test def CheckAndBuildViewsOnDB() = {
    VerifyViewExists(FooTable, BarTable) //FooTable et al defined as:
FooTable extends BasicTable[Foo], where Foo is a case class & FooTable
has a DDL create defined.
  }

Based on this and cribbing from Stefan Zeiger's assertTablesExist example, I made a little method to check the db for a view, and if the
check throws an exception call that view's BasicTable ddl.create:
  def VerifyViewExists(views:BasicTable*) = {
    DatabaseSession.session() withSession { //helper class which
initiates a db connection & session
      views map {
        v => (try queryNA[Int]("select 1 from '"+ v.tableName +"'
where 1<0").list
            catch {case _: Exception => v.ddl.create;
println("Couldn't find view "+v.tableName+", creating it
now...");})
      } } }

Which seems reasonable to me, but has two problems:

*

*this isn't the right way to type the views parameter as BasicTable,
resulting in "error: class BasicTable takes type parameters"

*something funky is happening with the map argument v's scope,
resulting in "error: value tableName is not a member of type parameter
T0".

Pardon my ignorance with this question, as I suspect that the root of
my issue lies with not understanding Scala's type system.
Along with those two problems is the nagging feeling that I haven't
really done VerifyViewExists in the most succinct or readable style.

A: Since you don't care what the type parameter is, you should be able to solve #1 by adding [_]:
def VerifyViewExists(views:BasicTable[_]*) = {

My guess is that fixing #1 will cause #2 to disappear.
By the way it may be better to write foreach rather than map, since the latter will collect the results into a new collection, which I don't think you want.


The PAQ certification is aimed for people with current Agile knowledge to take their skills to a practitioner level in an intensive learning environment. The certification focusses on practical, accelerated learning in Agile.
As everyone has an equal responsibility for product quality, this module is designed for the whole team. It covers the key competencies required to function effectively and efficiently whilst delivering quality. The course is focused on practical application, experiential and collaborative learning through discussion and exercises.
This includes Testers, QA Engineers, Developers, Business Analysts, Project Managers, Team Leaders, Scrum Masters and all other members of an Agile delivery team.
Candidates are expected to have met one of the agile knowledge prerequisites which can be demonstrated through certifications such as ISTQB® Foundation Level Agile Tester OR have 2 years professional experience working in Agile.
Due to the practical experiential learning approach to this course, there is assumed knowledge which, if not met, will make it difficult for candidates to complete the course and assessments within the timeboxed course.
Practical: Candidates gain credits by demonstrating they can apply the PAQ competencies to complete tasks in a product backlog release that includes user stories, associated design documentation plus a 'multi-drop' application seeded with defects.
Scenario questions: there will be 1 or 2 scenarios with questions associated with each (up to 5 questions in total across the scenarios). Note: these are not multiple choice but written answers.
Candidates are required to score 60 overall credits; there is no pass for each individual part of the assessment.


text:
Orcula jetschini is een slakkensoort uit de familie van de Orculidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1883 door M. von Kimakowicz.

Orculidae

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Readers respond to Lower Snake River Dam removal study and to local emergency room workers
Columbia Basin Federal Caucus photo
The Lower Monumental Dam on the Snake River, near Kahlotus, Washington.
Regarding the assessment of the costs and benefits of Lower Snake River dam removals (see "The $375,000 Question," 1/2/20) by Gov. Inslee: Unfortunately, our Rep. Cathy McMorris-Rodgers is blinded by her religious devotion to agri-business and their willingness to destroy sea-run salmon in the Snake River System, one of the largest salmon-producing watersheds in the entire Columbia Basin. Inslee is well justified to seek this review at this time since all the dams are in Washington state. She and Rep. Dan Newhouse should commend Inslee for only spending 50 percent of the funds allotted for the review. The report shows how lame and one-sided the excuses are for leaving the dams standing.
All the farmers need to do without the dams is to truck their grain and beans to Pasco and put their produce on barges there instead of the Lewiston-Clarkston area. They have received billions of dollars in other farm subsidies beside these dams; it is time for them to give back to the people of the Pacific Northwest at this critical time for salmon. The irrigation near the lowermost dam's reservoir also seems trivial compared to our dire need for salmon recovery in the Snake River watershed.
If we keep doing the same thing year after year over decades and it does not recover the runs, then it is time to do something different, and dam removal is the most intelligent alternative.
James Bergdahl
Spokane, Wash.
Why a new report examining dams along the Snake River is unlikely to break through the logjam
ANGELS IN THE ER
I have had the good fortune, or misfortune (depending on how you look at it), to have been in three hospital emergency rooms in the last four months for family-related health issues. St. Mary's in Long Beach, California, Providence and Deaconess in Spokane, Washington. What I found was both disheartening and inspirational. Disheartening, because many patients were there because it was the only access they had to general medical care. I found this to be a pathetic indictment against our current health care system because it is so costly and ineffective. Inspirational, because the compassion and caring for patients was evident.
At each hospital, I viewed some of the patients to be discourteous and belligerent to the workers. In every case, staff members maintained their composure and compassion in this extremely stressful environment. If you are looking for everyday heroes — and maybe even angels — look no further than the people in your local hospital emergency room. We are all the better for having them to care for us.
Frank DePasquale
A Water Protector, a Human Saver
Inspiration and insights from 13 local writers
Columns & Letters,
From readers,
letter,
Readers respond to Friday's news that Dr. Bob Lutz — Spokane's health officer who's managed the region's response to COVID-19 — had been asked to resign
Readers respond to the psychological impact of the pandemic on children; column about Biden's obstacles to defeat Trump
Readers respond to the Black Lives Matter mural in Spokane, at 244 W. Main Ave.
Readers respond to critiques of Spokane County Sheriff Ozzie Knezovich's coronavirus response
Latest in Columns & Letters
By Tara Ramos
George Washington's brave decision to inoculate the Continental Army against smallpox contributed to America's liberty — now it's time to do our part
By Lawrence B. A. Hatter
Road Rants
Amelia Clark, the Spokane Regional Health District's new administrator, aims to chart a course towards a healthier regional community
What the founder of the local urbanist blog Spokane Rising thinks the city is doing right- and where it's faltering
We're supposed to be kind to the fine folks prolonging this pandemic?
By Gary Crooks
More Columns & Letters »
All Comment »


text:
How to Choose the Best GNSS Module and Setup for Your Industrial Application
Just a few years ago, GPS was the only option if you wanted to use worldwide navigation in your IoT devices and tracking applications. With only a handful of satellites to connect to at any given moment, GPS couldn't always offer a continuous, reliable connection in all areas. It wasn't uncommon to completely lose the satellite signal for minutes at a time.
Today, new options for global navigation, including GLONASS, BeiDou, Galileo and multi-GNSS functionality are changing the way we design and use IoT devices for navigation-based applications. Choosing the best module can be more complicated than it used to be, but these new options allow tracking and IoT companies to provide their customers with superior service.
Which GNSS Setups Are Available?
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is an umbrella term for any navigation system that offers user geo-spatial positioning worldwide. Not all GNSS setups operate in the same way or provide the same level of coverage. Modern tracking and navigation companies have five different GNSS setups to choose from.
This US-based GNSS setup is run by the military, but it's also used by civilians. GPS used to be the standard for global navigation, and most companies used it as the basis for their applications. Today, GPS is still the most common setup in tracking and navigation devices because it is extremely reliable in areas with robust coverage and is very easy to deploy.
This Russian setup is also military-run and supports civilian use. Compared to GPS, GLONASS offers users much better coverage at high altitudes. Some companies choose to combine GPS and GLONASS to get the best possible coverage.
Like GPS and GLONASS, BeiDou is run by the military and used by civilians. But unlike other systems, the China-based setup supports a unique text feature. This feature can provide your location to a third party, which has proven especially useful for rescue efforts in the past. For instance, if a ship is lost at sea, BeiDou can automatically provide text notifications to emergency services to help locate the lost crew.
Galileo is the newest GNSS setup and is unique because it is run and used exclusively by civilians. This EU-based setup promises the best accuracy, up to 1 meter. Galileo is still evolving and expanding its services. Like BeiDou, Galileo will soon support a rescue feature called RLM, which will automatically send location information to emergency services in Europe when accidents occur.
Multi-GNSS
Navigation companies no longer have to choose just one of these options when they create their applications. Companies can already use multi-GNSS setups to combine the features of two to three of these constellations. Combining satellite systems ensures that your connections are stable and that your customers get the most out of your services—even as they move around the globe. We expect to see more triple constellation setups implemented in 2018, with quad constellation setups becoming possible as early as 2020.
How Multi-GNSS Setups Improve Navigation
Multi-GNSS services will offer the best positioning information and the most accurate location readings. Businesses that operate in dense urban areas will notice an immediate difference between single and multi-GNSS setups, as the extended satellite coverage makes connections far more reliable and interference less likely. In addition to improved accuracy, a multi-GNSS setup significantly reduces TTFF (Time to First Fix) – the more satellites your navigation devices can connect with, the faster you can get a fix on your exact position.
You won't get the same benefits by switching between single setups, since the number of satellites that you can connect with at any given moment is limited. Using more than one constellation simultaneously will vastly improve the reliability of your connection. For instance, if GPS coverage in your region is poor, your devices may automatically rely more heavily on GLONASS instead.
Multi-GNSS also means you only need one product SKU to cover multiple global markets and quickly expand into new regions. The expansion process used to be expensive and time-consuming, but with multi-GNSS setups available, chipset costs have been driven down, as has deployment time.
How to Choose the Best GNSS Module and Setup
While all four of these GNSS options are easily supported by most existing hardware, the most common multi-GNSS setups can only support two simultaneously. It likely won't be until 2020 that we will see all four setups being used at the same time. Knowing this, to pick the best GNSS module and setup for your business, you'll need to consider the following options:
Dual System (GPS + _______)
A dual system uses two setups simultaneously. This is usually a combination of GPS and one of the other three GNSS setups. Dual systems are available right now and are most popular with navigation and industrial companies. The majority of these companies use a combination of GPS and GLONASS which together offer well-rounded, worldwide coverage. If your company needs global satellite coverage and you don't have any region-specific needs, consider this combination. However, if you have more end users in China or western Europe, then you may prefer GPS plus BeiDou or Galileo.
Triple System (GPS + GLONASS +________)
In a triple system, companies use a combination of GPS, GLONASS and one other setup. While it consumes more power than a dual system, a triple system can connect to more satellites and is a great option if your company needs the best accuracy and coverage available on the market today. Until a quad system becomes available, this is the most reliable setup.
Quad System (GPS + GLONASS + BeiDou + Galileo)
There isn't a quad system on the market yet, but it is expected to be available to companies by 2020. A quad system combines all four GNSS setups at once and represents the future of navigation technology. This type of system will be even more accurate than triple or dual systems, with reliable coverage and extremely fast connection speeds. With a quad system, your navigation devices will work anywhere a satellite connection is available. While this setup isn't available yet, it's still important to have a basic roadmap to prepare for the release of this technology in the future. You may want to pivot to this setup as soon as it becomes available.
Start with Sierra today to find the best GNSS module for your company. Our XM1110 and XA1110 already support a triple system with a GPS, Glonass and Galileo combination. We also offer an XA1120 and an XA1130 module for GPS + BeiDou and GPS + Galileo combinations, respectively. For more information, read our GNSS whitepaper
Four Things You Need to Know About the New CBRS Band
What is LPWA for the IoT? Part 1: The Four C's
What is LPWA for the IoT? Part 2: Standard vs. Proprietary Technologies


text:
Community Spotlight: Jeronimo's Bar and Grill
Posted: Jul 24, 2019 / 07:43 PM CDT / Updated: Jul 24, 2019 / 07:43 PM CDT
In a small town like this, Its hard to miss a hub like Jeronimo's Bar and Grill.
" We didn't have a bar here in town for a while and my parents live right over the top of the hill. So i said one day lets open up a bar in town and here we are," says owner of the restraurant Jeremy "Mo" Budde. Budde opened up shop over 20 years ago. Just a bar at first, then a restuarant. Over time, Jeronimo's has gained notoriety because of one food item. "We make a big burger."
Big is right. On the menu, customers can order a cheeseburger. But it's a little-known fact that they find out for themselves it's ten ounces!
"We do have people who sometimes come in here and order a double cheese burger and my first words to the waitresses, i go obviously they've never eaten here before," Budde shares.
It comes with the regular toppings of ketchup, mustard, onions and pickles. The reason for adding the big burger on the menu? Because… Why not, says Budde."We just always wanted a big burger in town i guess when we first started doing it."
To make extra bucks Budde shares his delicious foods at the Jackson County Fair with a hot ride called The Outlaw.
"Some people got a boat- i got a concession trailer so i gave it a name."
He's been going for six years now. He says it's brought in new faces to his restaurant. "Its one of the reason's why we're over there because you can't beat the fair so you might as well be there."
Assumption Boys top Davenport West
One lucky Quad Citian could soon start a seriously spicy side-quest sampling sizzling sauces
QC Chamber president: Amazon will change how QC sees itself
Capitol mob built gallows and chanted 'Hang Mike Pence'


GREENVILLE, S.C. – May 7, 2018 – Crawford Strategy, a full-service agency committed to providing strategic and creative communications solutions to a wide variety of organizations, was recently recognized with four Mercury awards and one Silver Wing award at the annual Mercury Awards ceremony held by the South Carolina chapter of the Public Relations Society of America (SCPRSA). At the ceremony, outstanding individual public relations programs and campaigns were recognized with Mercury awards. Silver Wing awards recognized outstanding individual tactics used in public relations.
Crawford Strategy received two Mercury Awards of Excellence. The team's work for Southern Wesleyan University (SWU) was recognized in the Marketing Consumer Services category and the firm's campaign for North Myrtle Beach's "The Coast is Clear" was honored in the Crisis Communication and Issues Management category.
The agency also received two Mercury Awards of Merit. In the category of Events and Observances, Seven Days or Fewer, the team received an award for their efforts on behalf of the Greenville Tech Foundation's event with internationally renowned businessman Carlos Ghosn. In the Integrated Communications category, the team was recognized for their work on United Community Bank Ice on Main.
Crawford Strategy also received a Silver Wing Award of Merit in the Creative Tactics category for the 2017 United Community Bank Ice on Main Opening Ceremony invitation.
"At Crawford Strategy, it is our privilege and our passion to work with our clients to tell their stories and reach their goals. We are honored that these successful campaigns and projects have been recognized by our peers in PRSA," said Marion Crawford, president and CEO of Crawford Strategy.
The SCPRSA's Mercury Awards recognize and showcase South Carolina's finest professionals, agencies, tactics and campaigns. Public relations practitioners across the state are eligible to enter the competition.
Crawford Strategy provides relevant communications solutions to help businesses move forward. Based in Greenville, SC and serving clients across the Southeast, Crawford provides a full complement of award-winning capabilities, including brand development, strategic planning, traditional and digital marketing and public/media relations. To learn more, please visit www.crawfordstrategy.com.


text:
Trypanosoma variabile is een soort in de taxonomische indeling van de Euglenozoa. Deze micro-organismen zijn eencellig en meestal rond de 15-40 micrometer groot. Het organisme komt uit het geslacht Trypanosoma en behoort tot de familie Trypanosomatidae. Trypanosoma variabile werd in 1902 ontdekt door Laveran & Mesnil.

Euglenozoa


If you haven't received your Private Beta code yet, all you have to do is Pre-order Call of Duty Black Ops 4 and you'll jump right into the early action. A word of advice too, don't delete the Beta once it ends, because it'll switch to the official Blackout Beta in September, another Beta you won't want to miss!
Next articleCall of Duty: Black Ops 4 Beta Stream W/ s0leb!


text:
All issues Volume 13 (2022) EPJ Photovolt., 13 (2022) 19 Abstract
Revealing of InP multi-layer stacks from KPFM measurements in the dark and under illumination
Mattia da Lisca1,2,3*, James P. Connolly1,2,3, José Alvarez1,2,3, Karim Mekhazni4, Nicolas Vaissiere4, Jean Decobert4 and Jean-Paul Kleider1,2,3
1 Institut Photovoltaïque d'Ile de France, 30 Route Départementale 128, 91120 Palaiseau, France
2 Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, CNRS, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique et Electronique de Paris, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
3 Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique et Electronique de Paris, 75252 Paris, France
4 III-V Lab, 1 Avenue Augustin Fresnel, 97167 Palaiseau, France
* e-mail: mattia.dalisca@ipvf.fr
Received in final form: 18 July 2022
Solar cells are complex devices, being constituted of many layers and interfaces. The study and the comprehension of the mechanisms that take place at the interfaces is crucial for efficiency improvement. This paper applies Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) to study materials and interfaces with nanometer scale imaging of the surface potential in the dark and under illumination. KPFM measurements are highly sensitive to surface states and to the experimental measurement environment influencing the atomic probe operating conditions. Therefore, in order to develop a quantitative understanding of KPFM measurements, we have prepared a dedicated structured sample with alternating layers of InP:S and InP:Fe whose doping densities were determined by secondary-ion mass spectroscopy. We have performed KPFM measurements and shown that we can spatially resolve 20 nm thick InP layers, notably when performed under illumination which is well-known to reduce the surface band-bending.
Key words: Kelvin probe force microscopy / III-V multilayer stack / surface photovoltage
© M. da Lisca et al., Published by EDP Sciences, 2022
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


Then steered the white moth hither in the night?
Since time immemorial, we have been in awe of the Nature around us and several people, like Robert Frost, have questioned creation and life using observations from our surroundings. If you have ever visited a zoo, you may have observed that some animals, like the Giant Pandas and the Koalas, eat specific food—it's bamboo shoots for the former and eucalyptus leaves for the latter. However, other animals such as crows and dogs eat almost everything and survive!
The lives of plants and insects are no different.There are over 500,000 'phytophagous' insects that use plants to feed on, mate, and lay eggs, and together with the plants they feed on, they comprise nearly half of all living species. Many of these insects are 'generalists'—they can feed on any plant. For example, the cotton bollworm caterpillar makes use of many plants as 'hosts' and has a varied diet.
There are a few insects that are fussy eaters, or 'specialists', that feed only on a few closely related families of plants! Monarch butterflies, for example, are one of these specialists who use milkweeds as their hosts. Insect groups such as aphids (sap-sucking insects), leafhoppers and leaf miners are also specialists.
Being a fussy eater is beneficial both ways! For the insects, they get to eat their favourite food without much competition. They can also camouflage/mimic their hosts and protect themselves from predation. The leaf insect mimics the shape of a leaf with its wings and legs to avoid predation. In some cases such as the relationship between fig trees and fig wasps, the host plants could have the right pollinators or seed dispersers in these 'specialists', thus benefiting both the parties.
Sometimes, this 'specialisation' could also lead to reproductive isolation among host plants, where different individuals of related species are prevented from interbreeding. This accumulation of genetic differences in populations could eventually give rise to new species.
However, being fussy also comes with a cost. With the recent trends in habitat loss and climate change, these host plants could be one of those affected and threatened to extinction. In such a scenario, the 'specialist' insects are also at risk of coextinction.
The changing times seem to be a winning scenario for generalists, who are highly adaptable and can use a wide range of resources to find food, water and shelter. Perhaps, it is the age of the generalists after all?


Your Southern Peach: Sid Evans for Southern Living + The greatest gardening book of all times!
Sid Evans for Southern Living + The greatest gardening book of all times!
Did you notice anything different about your latest issue of Southern Living magazine? There's a new editor-in-chief in town, Sid Evans, and he joins the magazine with a pretty impressive background. In his first letter to the readers, he writes, "If I'm doing my job right, you will have a sense of anticipation and discovery every time you open this magazine, and you will always find ideas in here that make you smile...I hope you find a little magic in this issue, and in many more to come." I've always found the magazine inspiring and look forward to a fresh perspective on tried and true southern traditions.
In other news from Southern Living, their Ultimate Guide to Gardening book is set for release in January 2015! This book is certain to be a must-have for any gardener and will certainly be tops on my Christmas list. Some of you may remember the previous version published in 2004 but the new guide promises more photographs, more organic gardening advice and introductions to plants that are new on the gardening scene. Sounds absolutely splendid, don't you think?
I miss seeing the list of the employees. One of my pledge sisters is a copy editor and I loved seeing her name every month.


I don't know how she slide down I was sitting very fixedly.
First her body slided down and after that her head from a table moved down too. After falling she started moving instantly. On a floor is a slim carpet and below is parquet. After that I placed her to her hide box.
She is there in hide box and 2 nights she didn't come out. After firs night I take her from her hide box and let her go back. Looks like she is fine.
Today is a feed day.
Is it right if she'll take a good she is fine ?
Why she don't come out ? Is this bc she is fear after wall down ?
Thanks and don't be rude pls.
craigafrechette, thanks for reply. I think I have to test her like you said a bit later. If she had a crack in her bones she need time to heal. And this kinda tests now can hurt.
They're pretty tough critters. I'm glad she wasn't hurt.
EL Ziggy, I saw a video about vipers. Viper strike so fast and if a human had that speed of move of his had he'd lost his consciousness . So it means snakes brain can take much more strain than ppl's do.
Last edited by kazz; 05-30-18 at 09:44 AM..


What I wanted to know when I was about to move to Leiden?
In a couple of days, I'll have a reason for a little celebration: I have lived two complete years in the Netherlands. And I hope for plenty of more years to come!
I decided to take myself back in time to August 2015, and answer the questions I had in my mind back then, because I acknowledge that some of you readers may be pondering similar things.
This is the first time I will study in English. Will I survive?
Yes, easily! It takes some time to get used to it, especially if you haven't studied at a university before. However, in a couple of months you'll notice that your English vocabulary is a lot broader than it used to be and that you get used to writing scientific reports and even giving presentations in English.
I'll be older than most of the new students. Will I make any friends?
I was 27 when I started studying psychology – and I wasn't the oldest one on my class, and there were several people who were about the same age. Besides, the age gap isn't such a big deal.
So yes, you will make friends, with people of all ages and cultures.
At the moment, my closest friends in the Netherlands are the people I know from my studies – but that's not the only place to make friends. The last time I hit it off with total strangers was in a jazz bar a couple of weeks ago. In towns like Leiden and The Hague, there are always fellow foreigners who are looking for new friends and contacts.
Will my studies really take 40 hours a week?
Well, this depends on how much you're ready to invest in them. And of course, it depends on your academic skills; other people read and write and take inform in faster than some others.
However, in principle, I would say that at least studying psychology in Leiden is a full-time job. Nevertheless, that won't even bother you if you love your studies as much as I do!
Will I regret my decision to move abroad?
You may not wanna stay in the Netherlands for the rest of your life, and you may hate cycling in a pouring rain every now and then. But will you regret? No!
Living and studying abroad is one of the most fantastic experiences and opportunities one can get in life. It forces you to grow. It makes you acknowledge that things can be done in many ways, and they will still work out. And it allows you to see what you really want to do in life and where your place really is.
No matter what happens, you won't regret. You can always go back to your home country if you feel like it, but changes are that you'll just happen to find a completely new home country with a completely new safety network.
Have a lovely academic year 2017-2018!
This entry was posted on August 21, 2017 by ajhaapala in Study and tagged moving, new to leiden, psychology.


text:
Standing out from the crowd
29 April 2018 - By: Alex Evans
Home Publications Magazine Standing out from the crowd
Nature is teeming with weird and wonderful relationships between individuals and their social groups, leading to a whole host of interesting and observable differences in physiological and behavioural traits. An upcoming session at the 2018 SEB Annual Main Meeting this summer entitled the "Role of individual variation in the behaviour of animal groups" aims to bring these issues into the spotlight, and Alex Evans gets to know a few of the speakers in advance of the session...
Fishtanks Photo: Shaun Killen
Session organisers, Shaun Killen from the University of Glasgow, UK, and Stefano Marras from the National Research Council (CNR), Italy, believe that now is an ideal time to make the most of the SEB's diverse and interdisciplinary roster of delegates for a discussion of this topic. "Understanding how individuals within social groups contribute to leadership, decision-making, hierarchy formation and group cohesion are all critical for gaining a basic understanding of ecology," Shaun explains. This fascinating topic has attracted researchers from a wide breadth of research angles, which, while useful, has also led to gaps in communication between scientists working in separate fields - an issue that Shaun and Stefano hope to tackle. "There are so many fantastic researchers in different parts of the world that are studying this subject that it made sense to try to get a bunch of them in the same place at the same time to exchange ideas", explains Shaun. "We hope that this session can facilitate more discussion from people working on different sides of the same problem."
Nature's social network
Shaun, the recipient of the Animal Section's President's Medal at 2017's SEB Annual Meeting, has plenty of experience working on the social interactions of animals and presented some of the research from his lab during his medallist's session talk last year in Gothenburg. "It was a great honour," says Shaun of receiving the award, "but science is by nature an extremely collaborative process and none of what I have done would have been possible without working with such amazing mentors, colleagues and students along the way". Recently, the focus of Sean's research has been on the interactions between the physiology of individuals and group behaviours in social animals. "We use fish in our work and tend to focus on how energy demand and swimming ability interact with leadership and other types of social behaviour," he says. The costs of swimming solo and in groups are also intrinsically linked with variability in sensitivities to environmental conditions such as temperature and food availability, which is another topic of interest to Shaun and his lab. "Learning more about social behaviours is critical for predicting how animals might respond to environmental change," he explains, adding that "we are also finding that physiological factors and social behaviours in fish are important for determining which individuals are likely to be captured by various fishing practices, so there are a range of potential conservation applications"1.
With the potential for a diverse offering of talks and posters, Shaun proposes that this session is a great choice for first-time attendees to SEB, and is looking forward to seeing research featuring animals from all walks, swims and flights of life. "It is always amazing how, despite the obvious differences among these types of animals, there are often incredible similarities in how they behave socially." he says, adding: "We can't wait to see you all in Florence!"
The right ant for the job
Social behaviours aren't just a vertebrate fad, and there are many insect species that can also be found living in communities with interesting inter-individual dynamics. In particular, eusocial insects, such as ants, bees, wasps and termites, have developed complex societies where individual variation is pushed to the extreme in order to partition up tasks between its members. The division of labour observed in ants is one of the most impressive examples of how animal societies can dictate not only the general behaviour of a society's individuals to suit specific roles, but also their size and shape.
It is currently believed that individuals within these social ant societies develop different sensitivities to certain tasks, and that workers are more likely to engage in tasks to which they are more sensitive. But what are the sources of these variations in sensitivity? This is a question that Dr Raphael Jeason of Université Paul Sabatier, France, was very keen to answer. "By manipulating the social environment experienced by ants, we aim to examine how this impacts the range of behavioural variations between workers," explains Raphael. Utilising both theoretical and experimental approaches, Raphael and his team are working to understand how such a diverse community structure as those seen in ants and other social insects can be acquired and regulated. "Social insects provide some of the most familiar and spectacular examples of social groups with large inter-individual differences," he says, "and behavioural variability among the workers of a colony is increasingly regarded as fundamental for a key feature of social insects."
At the upcoming session in Florence, Raphael will be presenting a talk on the different mechanisms underlying the expression of behavioural variability that can give rise to this impressive division of labour in insect societies2. He believes that now is an important time to examine the issues of heterogeneity and variation in insect communities, saying that "there is currently a need to identify the proximate causes and ultimate consequences of variations among entities in biological systems, at all scales of analysis."
Raphael hopes that future research into this field will certainly benefit from the input of a wide range of researchers interested in the division of labour amongst social insects: "Most studies have focused on behavioural variability based on genetic variability, while other mechanisms that may be responsible for the behavioural differentiation have been largely neglected," he says. Finally, Raphael predicts that this session will be a good opportunity to develop and grow new ideas, concluding that "the interdisciplinary attendance of the SEB Annual Meeting offers the ideal condition for stimulating and exciting discussions around the concept of variation."
Muddying the waters
Predators and prey alike rely on their keen senses to keep aware of each other, be it through any number of their physical senses. Previous research on collective behaviour has shown that group tactics can often be the key to successfully utilising these senses in both hunting prey and avoiding predation for many animal species. Dr Lesley Morrell, of the University of Hull, UK, is eager to understand more about the effects that environmental changes can have on how animals detect their prey or evade predation, and some of her latest research has expanded to investigate the additional interactions when group sizes are considered. Working with a former PhD student, Ása Johannesen, Lesley's starting point was investigating the effects of olfactory clues on foraging sticklebacks by reducing the visibility of their environment and seeing how the size of prey groups affected the ease at which they were detected and devoured3. However, inspired by the interesting overlap in their findings with those from work carried out by another former PhD student, Ben Chapman, now at the University of Leeds, UK, on how environmental effects can affect olfactory cues in guppy foraging4, a new grouping behaviour project was born.
"I recruited Helen Kimbell to a PhD to try rearing fish in turbid environments and looking at their behaviour," explains Lesley, adding that it is important to investigate these environmental changes, as "water bodies are increasingly impacted by human activities such as agriculture, industry and mining. " The primary goal of Helen and Lesley's work was to assess how social behaviours in sticklebacks can be disrupted by the visual clarity of the water in their habitat. By placing stickleback shoals in tanks containing clear or turbid water, the team were able to film the fish and track the positions of individuals to see how the shoaling patterns changed. "One of the key findings from that study was that turbidity seemed to make the fish in groups behave as they would when they were alone and not in groups," says Lesley5. These disruptions to grouping strategies could have consequences for the health of wild fish populations, as Lesley explains: "Social behaviour carries with it a wide range of anti-predator benefits for shoaling fish and, if turbidity disrupts these behaviours, they could be left vulnerable to predation." Group-living has benefits beyond avoiding predators however, and Lesley stresses the importance of their role in the wider ecological community. "Changes in behaviour can also have implications for mating success and finding food, and so can have important knock-on implications throughout the ecological network," says Lesley.
Just as the attendees of conference presentation sessions may behave as an organised social group of animals, so too can the dominant behaviour of a few individuals (you know who you are) dictate the flow of the group's focus. This is also the case for wildlife, where the behaviour of a few atypical individuals can play a large role in the group dynamics of a population. These traits can often be a valuable asset for an animal society, but how do they arise in the first place? And under which circumstances does it pay to be bold?
These were questions that Dr Jonathan Pruitt, at the University of California in Santa Barbara, was keen to answer. His initial interest in the topic was inspired by the tales of wildlife biologists lamenting the actions of one or two individuals of their study populations acting differently, which affected the behaviour of the group, and often, the poor biologist's data collection. Later, he noticed that, even in his own study organisms (spiders), a small number of risk-taking individuals could have an unexpectedly large influence on the behaviour and success of their colonies. "This sparked my ongoing interest in how rare or extreme-phenotyped individuals evolutionarily come to be, how they wield such social influence, and how they influence group performance in contrasting situations," Jonathan explains.
Painted Spiders .Photo:Jonathan Pruitt
In order to evaluate how the rare bold-phenotype spiders affected the collective behaviour of their colonies, Jonathan created experimental colonies along two precipitation gradients in the Kalahari and Namib deserts, producing so-called "arid sites" and "wet sites", and ensured that both sites had some colonies containing bold individuals and some without6. "We then monitored the behaviour of each group and observed which colonies lived and died over the next 6 months," says Jonathan. Interestingly, Jonathan found that, while the braver individuals increased the collective aggresiveness and survivability of the colonies, this was only observed in the arid sites, leading him to question how differences in the environment can affect the importance of headstrong individuals in a social setting. "It seemed odd that bold individuals only appeared to be influential at arid sites and not wet sites," says Jonathan, "and this got us thinking...are bold individuals at arid sites particularly socially influential, relative to their counterparts at wet sites?"
In order to learn more about this, Jonathan replicated the original experiments, but this time created chimeric societies that contained a mixture of bold individuals from arid sites with shy individuals from wet sites, and vice versa, to produce surprising results. "What we found was pretty astonishing!" says Jonathan. "When we paired bold, influential individuals from arid sites with shy individuals from elsewhere, these bold individuals had no effect on colony behaviour," he explains, "but when we paired the less-influential bold individuals from wet sites with shy individuals from wet sites, we found that bold individuals were just as effective at changing the behaviour of their foster societies." These results demonstrate that it is not purely down to variations in the key behavioural traits that makes bold individuals hold sway over a group, but also factors that affect the willingness of the group to follow. "Their social susceptibility is the key for emergence of social influence," adds Jonathan, "and in the truly socially susceptible, anything approximating a leader will do." Jonathan hopes that more research like this will open the door to a deeper understanding of individual and group behaviours, and that the meeting of minds during the session this summer will be an ideal place for people to discuss their ideas and collaborate on new and innovative projects.
Stay in School!
"I have always wondered how fish schools work, who makes the decisions and how are they transmitted within the group," says Dr Jens Krause, a collective behaviour researcher at Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fishery, Germany. While Jens' work includes many aspects of research into group behaviour, he is especially interested in how self-organisation within animal groups develops into social decision making. "Collective cognition is a particular interest of mine and we run experimental work both on fish schools and human groups on this topic," says Jens.
Many of Jens' experiments are designed to compare the abilities of single fish against increasingly large schools of fish in order to examine how group size affects the way the fish function7. And to make things more interesting, Jens' research isn't just limited to the natural world, as he is also interested in how live fish react to the presence of robotic fish8. "Our new generation of fish robots are fully interactive and can both lead and follow in a social context," explains Jens. "This allows us to do many experiments that were not possible before as we can now decouple the appearance of a fish from its natural behaviour." The robot fish also allow Jens and his team to experimentally test the collective behaviour algorithms they have developed from theoretical studies, and evaluate the performance of group behaviours against simulated models.
Robofish. Photo: Jens Krause
Jens and his research group are very keen on the biomimetic applications of their research, especially in generating new ways of thinking about group problem solving. "We have regular meetings with public institutions and private companies to inform them about potential applications of collective behaviour and collective intelligence," says Jens. By further studying group-living animals, Jens and his team hope to develop models and algorithms that can apply to decision making processes in human society, such as improving crowd management and improving communication between medical professionals for improved diagnoses. This session will be Jens' first visit to the SEB Annual Main Meeting, but he is looking forward to seeing the research available: "I am excited about making new connections with scientists who have matching research interests and to be inspired by those who do something completely different!
1. Killen, S., Nati, J., Suski, C., (2015) Vulnerability of individual fish to capture by trawling is influenced by capacity for anaerobic metabolism. Proc. R. Soc B., 282(1813)
2. Pasquaretta, C., Jeanson, R., (2017) Division of labor as a bipartite network. Behavioural Ecology
3. Johannesen, A., Dunn, A., Morrell, L., (2012) Olfactory cue use by three-spined sticklebacks foraging in turbid water: Prey detection or prey location? Animal Behaviour, 84(1)
4. Chapman, B., Morrell, L., Tosh, C., & Krause, J., (2010) Behavioural consequences of sensory plasticity in guppies. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B, 277
5. Kimbell, H., & Morrell, L., (2015) Turbidity influences individual and group level responses to predation in guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Animal Behaviour, 103
6. Pruitt, J., Goodnight, C., Riechert, S., (2018) Intense group selection selects for ideal group compositions, but selection within groups maintains them. Animal Behaviour, 124
7. Ioannou, C., Krause, J., (2008) Searching for prey: the effects of group size and number. Animal Behaviour, 75(4)
8. Bierbach D., Lukas J., Bergmann A., Elsner K., Höhne L., Weber C., Weimar N., Arias-Rodriguez L., Mönck H.J., Nguyen H., Romanczuk P., Landgraf T., Krause J. (2018) Insights into the Social Behavior of Surface and Cave- Dwelling Fish (Poecilia mexicana) in Light and Darkness through the Use of a Biomimetic Robot. Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 5
Alex Evans is a PhD student at the University of Leeds investigating the energetics of bird flight. In his spare time, Alex enjoys writing about the natural world, contributing to the Bird Brained Science blog and exploring other avenues of science communication.


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Peru discusses importing natural gas through pipeline from Bolivia
The pipeline would provide crucial access to the Pacific Ocean for land-locked Bolivia, running to Peru's southern port of IloREUTERS | January 11, 2019, 13:04 IST
LIMA: Energy ministers from Peru and Bolivia agreed on Thursday to discuss building a pipeline that would transport natural gas and liquefied natural gas (LNG) from Bolivia to its neighbor.
The pipeline would provide crucial access to the Pacific Ocean for land-locked Bolivia, running to Peru's southern port of Ilo.
Bolivia had wanted to build a pipeline through Chile to reach the ocean and expand its gas exports, but the International Court of Justice ruled against Bolivia's demand that Chile negotiate granting it sovereign access to the sea in October.
Bolivia is South America's top natural gas exporter, but it is a net importer of oil, as is neighboring Peru.
Bolivia told Peru it would also like to build an oil pipeline to Peru and import gasoline, diesel and crude through Ilo.
Peru did not mention that an oil pipeline was under consideration.
"We're interested in investing in Peru's Ilo port. We're working to build a large storage plant for imports of gasoline, diesel and crude," Bolivian Energy and Mines Minister Luis Alberto Sanchez said in a statement following his meeting with counterpart Francisco Ismodes.
Talks between Peru and Bolivia also include the creation of a joint venture between Bolivian state energy company YPFB and its Peruvian counterpart, Petroperu, to commercialize LNG in border regions, Bolivia said.
Neither country gave a timeframe for implementing the projects discussed or the cost, but they said they would meet again in February.
Tags : Oil & Gas, pipeline, peru, natural gas, liquefied natural gas, international


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text:
Rajasthan: CFAR honours women and transgender persons on International Women's Day 2021
Read this story on Times Now News
Jaipur: The Centre for Advocacy and Research (CFAR) honoured women and transgender persons in Jaipur and Ajmer on March 09 for their roles as 'Community Champions' on International Women's Day. Women's leadership and empowerment were discussed today as part of this year's theme, "Women in leadership: Achieving an equal future in a COVID-19 world."
At an event in Jaipur, among the community champions who were felicitated included Pushpa Mai, transgender leaders, and Sonia, a staff member of CFAR who has shown exemplary courage as a single mother. In a statement, Rakhee Badhwar from CFAR Jaipur said, "We once again celebrated women's struggles, resilience and achievements. A lot needs to be done before the poorest and the most marginalised are able to make significant progress in their lives."
CFAR, working in 69 urban settlements of Jaipur on WASH inclusion with the support of the Water for Women fund of the Australian government, is collaborating with the National Urban Livelihood Mission, Jaipur Heritage and Jaipur Greater Municipal Corporation. The joint event was conducted as part of the week-long campaign on gender equality, recognizing the commitments and determination of the community and stakeholders in achieving a gender-inclusive future.
The success stories of the community champions including transgender, persons with disabilities, women and girls, in strengthening menstrual hygiene and health management and men who have involved themselves in redefining gender norms and contributed to the progress in achieving gender equality were shared.
Over 120 participants, representing 24 settlements belonging to 19 wards in Jaipur, gathered on the occasion. During the event, women, persons with disabilities, girl champions and CSOs have been felicitated for their efforts and collective commitment to gender equality when it comes to dignity, safety and access to all services which enhance the quality of life such as safe and sustainable WASH services, nutrition, healthcare and livelihood, among others.
"This event also strongly reiterated the importance of focusing much on gender equality and inclusive society," said Badhwar. The felicitation was done by the key officers of Jaipur Heritage and Greater Jaipur Municipal Corporations – National Urban Livelihood Mission.
Around 17 Self-Help Groups with over 170 women belonging to various settlements in Jaipur were trained by the National Urban Livelihood Mission (NULM) on livelihood under sanitation to produce products including low-cost sanitary napkins, masks, floor cleaners, herbal agarbathi, washing soaps and liquid handwash. A four-page flyer depicting the various products prepared by the SHGs was released during the event.
This event helped in showcasing the role played by the community platforms in partnership with the government departments during the COVID-19 pandemic and how they were able to reach and support the vulnerable population to access sanitation through a film that was shown during the event.
Anita Mittal, Deputy Commissioner, NULM said, "Any effort that involves women is very effective, it helped in creating a cleaner, healthier, safe and sustainable change. NULM is committed to enhancing livelihoods, especially among persons with disabilities, women and transgender. The knowledge provided to women in the family would not only benefit her but also to the entire family, and NULM will continue to work in partnership with these vulnerable groups to make a difference together."
Banwari Lal Atal District Program Officer, NULM, said "Congratulations to women! NULM is proud to be part in strengthening the livelihood of the urban poor through SHGs. The SHGs did remarkable work, especially during the pandemic, which proved women are no less than anybody else. Today is just a small recognition of their innumerable efforts to support the urban poor."
Dinesh, State ASHA coordinator, said, "The National Health Mission is committed to reaching women and children in the urban slums through ASHAs, and we are able to focus and strengthen our programme on women and child health. We are committed to strengthening it through a gender-sensitive perspective, and we require women volunteers to carry it forward. CFAR has managed to create such platforms and we are committed to work in partnership with them to reach the larger population."
Akhila Sivadas, Executive Director of CFAR said, that women had been central in coping with the pandemic and contributing to the process of building both an integrated response and a pathway for recovery. "This includes everything that the community, particularly the sanitation and frontline workers and marginalized groups such as transgender and persons with a disability, have done to minimise the spread of COVID-19, primarily through safe and effective hand-washing practices, and improving sanitation for all and dignity of the community."
Sivadas said, "This year's theme recognizes the tremendous efforts by women and girls around the world in shaping a more gender-equal future and recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and highlights the gaps that remain."
"There are more community representatives who have emerged as "Community Champions" in all the key areas whether it is strengthening sanitation, addressing violence against women, bridging the gaps in accessing social, WASH and legal entitlements, and addressing boldly addressing gender biases in every walk of life," said Badhwar.


War of the Rebellion: Serial 013 Page 0622 THE PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN, VA. Chapter XXIII.
I placed a picket on the Williamsburg road and held the hill by order until the 30th, when I was ordered off.
On July 1, finding myself in the rear without orders, I pushed forward until I got within a quarter of a mile of Littleton's house, on the Malvern Hills. Here I halted and went forward with my adjutant and adjutant-general of the Maryland Line. A short distance from my position I met Brigadier General George B. Anderson coming back, wounded, with the fragments of his command, which had been repulsed, losing heavily. I rode on, and just in front of Littleton's house came suddenly on a small body of the enemy within 100 yards of me. Returning, I reported the fact to Major-General Jackson, and asked should I go forward. He said, "No." I remained in position until dusk under the most terrific fire of shell and shrapnel I can conceive of. At that time, finding troops coming pouring back from the front, and no one to get orders from, I concluded to move forward toward the firing. As I was going up Major-General Ewell rode up and approved of my action.
I then went on and found Brigadier-General Winder, and by his order took possession of the woods beyond the Littleton house, which I held until we marched. This gave us complete command of the battle-field.
The next morning a squadron of cavalry, escorting an officer of rank, coming impertinently near, was driven off, and a regiment of infantry moving off gave us a few scattering shots.
On this day I only lost 1 man, hit by a piece of shell, and my assistant surgeon had his horse killed.
On July 4 we occupied, with Brigadier-General Early's command, the woods in front of Westover Church. There was some sharp skirmishing, but no loss, except that Lieutenant Bond, assistant adjutant-general, Maryland Line, had his horse killed.
C. S. Army of engagement at King's School-House and battles of Mechanicsville and Gaines' Mill, engagement at White Oak Swamp Bridge, and battle of Malvern Hill.


Objective:to serve the youth on Gabriola Island by supporting them in staying resilient in their lives.
We work with the developmental processes of this age group. We establish activities that focus on problem solving skills. We examine how much that is related to getting along with others and negotiating relationships. Through play, creative pursuits, physical activities, and a youth generated curriculum, we engage this age group in prevention programs that support skill development. Our programming is designed to insert as many developmental assets as possible into the environment of these youth's lives, while the content challenges them in developing the necessary internal attitudes to support them in order to thrive in their lives. With problem solving and social skill development as the core skill sets, we offer fun and engaging programs that build supportive trusting relationships with attending youth.
Mondays to Fridays, after school, ages 5 to 12.
The After School Licensed Care Program runs five days a week during the school year. The developmental needs of this age group places our focus on enhancing problem solving skills and overall social competencies to meet the objective of promoting resiliency. The program is structured with a primary focus on relationship between staff and program participants and between program participants and their peers. We use arts, games, crafts, discussions, peer leaders and spontaneous interactions to enhance their social skills. This programn links into our leadership initiatives where youth ages 11 - 12 act as peer leaders for this group, and implement much of the curriculum that covers problem solving and social competency.
Peer helpers in Training ( PHIT ) runs for eight months of the school year. It is an intensive interactive learning experience that focuses on skill building. As these youths are on the brink of entering the world of adolescence, we spend two afternoons a week facilitating their ability to communicate and listen to others, clarifying personal values, and learning how to make healthy decisions. The program's focus is on peer helping or "leadership through service." The youth spend one afternoon a week covering the training modules. They spend the second afternoon practicing their skills working with the youth in the After School Licenses Care Program and building community-change projects. We accept 10 youths a year into the program.
HOPE for Grade 7's promotes resiliency among our youth ages 11 to 13. Resiliency is the ability to overcome obstacles. There are many real obstacles that youth face today as they navigate their way through the terrain of modern day adolescence. The question of how to support our youth has been answered by many different strategies. The HOPE for Grade 7's program interacts with youth through the perspective of prevention. The program equips our youth with the tools they need to keep themselves from harm. Our focus is to educate, motivate, and facilitate youth's understanding of the power of making personal choices. This program runs throughout the school year. Our focus also includes establishing trusting relationships with the Grade 7 youth in order to provide a safe support the following year when they will attend high school off island.
Kids Summer Fun Day Camp is back for 2012. This is a summer program of the HOPE Centre, for children ages 5 to 12. Children will have tons of fun while developing self-assurance, as well as social and problem-solving skills. Each Day we provide a nutritious midday snack. The types of activities offered will include: Arts, Crafts, Games, Field Trips, Theme Days, Hiking, Biking, Outdoor Sports, Activities at local beaches, Drama, and Movies.
The program runs daily from Monday through Friday, 9:00 am - 5:00 pm.
Beginning Tuesday, July 3rd, through the summer to Friday, August 31st.
Sign up your kids for the whole summer, a week, or for just a day. Registration forms are available at the HOPE Centre or call 247-8020 and speak to Wendy Vigh. Sign up in advance - Space is limited. Cost: $35. per day, per child. Subsidies are available if eligible.