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https://phys.org/news/2022-02-scientists-mechanism-involved-memory.html
Scientists discover new mechanism involved in learning and memory
by Rockefeller University
The FMRP protein performs different functions in the cell bodies (yellow) and dendrites (red) of hippocampal memory neurons. Credit: Rockefeller University
What happens inside neurons when we memorize a password or learn the cello? Some of our basic understanding about learning and memory comes from the study of conditions in which cognitive development is disrupted. For example, FMRP, a protein whose loss causes fragile X syndrome, intellectual disability, and some forms of autism has been shown to play a key role in these brain functions, helping regulate synaptic connections between neurons.
A new study now suggests that the role of this protein is more sophisticated than previously known. Looking at memory neurons in the hippocampus region of the mouse brain, Rockefeller scientists found that FMRP has two different jobs. Inside a neuron's extensions, or dendrites, it regulates proteins required for strengthening the connections with other neurons. Inside the body of the cell, however, FMRP regulates the overall state of gene expression in the neuron.
"By micro-dissecting the brain tissue, we were able show that this protein controls distinct functions at different cellular locations," says Robert B. Darnell, Rockefeller's Robert and Harriet Heilbrunn Professor and HHMI Investigator, who led the research.
The findings, published in the journal eLife, may give new clues to mechanisms underlying learning and memory, intellectual dysfunction, and autism.
Master regulator
The forming of every memory, or the fading of another, requires a change in the strength of synapses between neurons. As incoming communication reaches it in the form of an electric signal, a neuron can modify synaptic strength, for example by creating new receptors or removing old ones, an upgrade that requires it to quickly produce a slew of new proteins.
This protein production occurs at the cell's dendrites, which are filled with RNA molecules waiting to be translated into proteins. FMRP acts like a switch, delaying translation by binding to the RNA sequences, then starting it up by dissociating from the RNA.
More than 900 RNAs are known to be directly bound and regulated by FMRP. To better understand the protein's role in learning and memory, Darnell and his colleagues marked individual mouse neurons using molecular genetics, and then dissected synapses and cell bodies by hand to separate them. Next, they used CLIP, a technique developed by the lab to freeze protein-RNA complexes in their place and analyze their composition.
The dendrite fraction contained FMRP bound to RNAs whose protein products can change the synaptic response.
Simultaneously, within the cell body of the same neuron, the protein bound to a different set of RNAs that code for chromatin modifiers, proteins that regulate gene expression by entering the cell nucleus and adding chemical tags to DNA.
The findings suggest FMRP helps establish a feedback loop between the nucleus and the dendrites, a mechanism that Darnell believes may provide a crosstalk between a cell's command center and its thousands of faraway extensions, keeping the synaptic response under control.
"If neurons weren't under tight control, they could keep getting more and more excited, ultimately leading to a seizure, a phenomenon seen in fragile X syndrome," he says. "The system is built to contain itself."
Study looks at stem cells for answers to how a type of autism develops
More information: Caryn R Hale et al, FMRP regulates mRNAs encoding distinct functions in the cell body and dendrites of CA1 pyramidal neurons, eLife (2021). DOI: 10.7554/eLife.71892
Journal information: eLife
Provided by Rockefeller University
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I would appreciate if someone would help me. I never used macro until today and I searched for a solution but I just don't understand.
I need to write macro that will insert pictures in column F based on inventory numbers. So if in A2 is 11111 then in F2 should be picture named 11111.
I'm very grateful for every response.
Well good luck with this. Excel is for calculating complex mathematical equations, not an interface for images. Even if the code will insert it into the row and column you wish, if the images are not all the same size, it will WRECK the formatting of your columns, making them unreadable.
Which part of the scripting are you having issues with?
Here is short code for you to play with in the sandbox!


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Karel Camrda (ur. 26 października 1964 w Taborze) – czeski kolarz przełajowy i szosowy reprezentujący Czechosłowację, dwukrotny medalista przełajowych mistrzostw świata.

Kariera
Pierwszy sukces w karierze Karel Camrda osiągnął w 1988 roku, kiedy zdobył złoty medal w kategorii amatorów podczas przełajowych mistrzostw świata w Hägendorfie. Wyprzedził tam bezpośrednio Szwajcara Rogera Honeggera oraz Duńczyka Henrika Djernisa. Na rozgrywanych cztery lata później mistrzostwach świata w Leeds był drugi wśród zawodowców. Lepszy okazał się tylko Niemiec Mike Kluge, a trzecie miejsce zajął Adrie van der Poel z Holandii. Najlepsze wyniki w Pucharze Świata w kolarstwie przełajowym osiągnął w sezonie 1993/1994, kiedy był piętnasty w klasyfikacji generalnej. Startował również w wyścigach szosowych, ale bez większych sukcesów. Nigdy nie wystąpił na igrzyskach olimpijskich.

Bibliografia
 Profil na cyclingarchives.com
 Profil na the-sports.org

Czechosłowaccy kolarze przełajowi
Czechosłowaccy kolarze szosowi
Urodzeni w 1964
Ludzie urodzeni w Taborze (Czechy)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Police Rehabilitation Centre, Flint House
When was it established?
Founded in 1890 by Miss Catherine Gurney OBE and based in Hove, West Brighton until the Centre moved to its present location in South Oxfordshire in 1988.
What is Flint House?
Every year, a team of highly skilled physiotherapists and healthcare professionals assist over 3,500 injured police officers to get back to full operational health.
Through an ever-increasing range of specialist intensive treatments and care services, the focus of everyone working at Flint House is on assisting officers back to duty quickly, effectively and with long lasting results.
The Centre offers a residential, holistic environment for the undertaking of intensive rehabilitation, psychological support, physiotherapy, and health & wellbeing, supported with complementary treatments including health classes, aromatherapy, Pilates, and all backed by comprehensive treatment and medical facilities.
The main income of the Centre derives from a small weekly charity payroll donation by serving officers within the 29 forces covered by the Centre, plus a small number of independent donations and ex gratia grant funds. No regular income is received from government or local authorities.
Regulated by the Care Quality Commission (CQC), Flint House is highly regarded by officers who have experienced the Centres environment and is consistently credited with assisting in the return of officers to full duties earlier than expected.
Downloadable 'Application to Attend' forms can be found on the Flint House website. Admissions are normally administered at force level by the occupational health or welfare departments in conjunction with the local federation.
Serving donating officers normally undertake a free of charge 12-day stay (retired officers five days) in order to facilitate effective and individual treatment programmes. In most cases attendance at Flint House is classed as special duty time thus officers are not taking annual leave or sick leave to come to the Centre.
Retired officers who attend the rehabilitation centre at Flint House will be charged. To find out more contact Flint House directly.
TO MAKE A DONATION CLICK HERE AND VISIT WEBSITE
Police Rehabilitation Centre Flint House, Reading Road Goring-on-Thames Oxfordshire, RG8 0LL
Email: enquiries@flinthouse.co.uk
http://www.flinthouse.co.uk/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


KALX Co-announce: 25 Years of Dookie!
Join KALX at 924 Gilman on Saturday February 2nd @ 6PM for a DIY Celebration of 25 years of Green Day's Dookie!
Catch KALX at The New Parish on Monday, December 31st @ 8PM for a New Years' Eve celebration with Shannon and the Clams, Once and Future Band, and Glitter Wizard!
Join KALX at Slim's on Tuesday, October 9th @ 7PM to see The Buttertones with Prettiest Eyes!
Join KALX at Oakland Metro Operahouse on Saturday, September 15th @ 7:30PM to see YOB ft. Acid King and CHRCH!


Hot and cold water adjustment, ceramic valve core, specially selected materials, grade 10 plating, with filter to remove impurities.
Lifemate Nigeria Limited has been established as a furniture manufacturing company in Nigeria for 11 years. Our traditional business model is based on the company decision to diversify operations. Lifemate Nigeria Limited engages mainly in six large production categories spanning home furniture, office furniture, kitchen cabinets, sanitary ware, massage chairs, outdoor furniture and wield expertise in Projects planning and execution, interior decoration, and wholesale purchase with over 3,000 product varieties. Our factory, Wei-Chi Industry Nigeria located in Lagos covers 200,000square meters.
Transform your bathroom into a luxurious, relaxing retreat that feautures the looks and amenities of an upscale spa with our products, giving you the best bath experience ever.


Recently Veugelers and Ekwaru published data  indicating that, in its dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) had made a serious calculation error . Using the same data set as had the IOM panel, these investigators showed that the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for vitamin D had been underestimated by an order of magnitude. Veugelers and Ekwaru, using the IOM's data, calculated an RDA of 8895 IU per day. They noted that there was some uncertainty in that estimate, inasmuch as this value required an extrapolation from the available data, which did not include individuals receiving daily vitamin D inputs above 2400 IU/day.
In this communication, we present data from a different cohort entirely, including many individuals with vitamin D intakes spanning a range from zero to above 10,000 IU per day. The data presented here are derived from the GrassrootsHealth (GRH) database, which had been characterized elsewhere . Here we examine the probability range for the previously published GRH data at all supplement intakes across the relevant range.


We want your wedding to be a blast and what better way to make that happen than to invite your closest family and friends. To make sure everyone's taken care of, we've put together a list of Group Benefits for you and your guests to enjoy and make your wedding day truly epic.
Earn one complimentary room and one room category upgrade for each 10 rooms paid nightly.
Special rates apply to traditional groups only and requires signed group contract. Not applicable to Flex Groups. Tour Operator must report Palace Pro Agent name when requesting special rates. *11th room night is complimentary. Maximum double occupancy. Complimentary rooms earned incur a $20 per person/per night extra tax and gratuity charge. 11th room night is upgraded to the next category available. No maximum comps. Room upgrade is to the next category available, restrictions apply per property. Suites are not included in the upgrade amenity. Room upgrades are not combinable and apply individually. **Simplified Deposit of $50 USD per person applies only to group contracts for Leisure and/or Weddings Groups. Not applicable to Meetings, Incentive Groups, Conventions or Corporate Events (MICE), or to any group for which Meetings and Conventions space will be requested. Applicable to new groups only. Palace Resorts reserves the right to change these rules without prior notice at its sole discretion. ***Private Events: No event day may have less than three (3) complimentary hours or more than five (5) complimentary hours, unless the group has earned less than three (3) complimentary hours total. Shorter events, as well as additional hours, are available for an extra charge. Room reservations must be for three (3) nights or more in order to count towards benefits. Event hours are between 8:00 AM and 11:59 PM. Any event that extends past midnight (12:00 AM) will incur an additional charge and complimentary hours cannot be used. Applies to groups with a minimum of 20 people. Additional restrictions apply. ****Applies to 50 or more rooms arriving at the same time. Subject to availability at the time of arrival and cannot be confirmed in advance. *****One paying adult must be in the same room in order to receive the kids and teens stay free promotion. Maximum occupancy applies per room category. Child's age must be reported in the reservation and proof of age will be required upon check-in. In the event the age of the child is 18 years of age and older at the time of check-in the difference in rate will be charged upon check-in directly to the guest. Minimum stay requirement of three (3) nights applies. Does not apply to Presidential Suite, Concierge Level guest rooms, oceanfront guest rooms, or any other room category that is for two (2) adults only. Palace Resorts reserves the right to change or discontinue any of the above promotions without notice. Other terms and conditions apply.
Special rates apply to traditional groups only and requires signed group contract. Not applicable to Flex Groups. Tour Operator must report Palace Pro Agent name when requesting special rates. *11th room night is complimentary. Maximum double occupancy. Complimentary rooms earned incur a $20 per person/per night extra tax and gratuity charge. 11th room night is upgraded to the next category available. No maximum comps. If the bride and groom book a Concierge Level or higher, the upgrade can be extended to a member in the group of choice for the duration of bride and groom's length of stay. Maximum upgrade will be provided to Concierge Level when the prior category is booked, based on availability. Suites are not included in the upgrade amenity. Room upgrades are not combinable and apply individually. **Simplified Deposit of $50 USD per person applies only to group contracts for Leisure and/or Weddings Groups. Not applicable to Meetings, Incentive Groups, Conventions or Corporate Events (MICE), or to any group for which Meetings and Conventions space will be requested. Applicable to new groups only. Palace Resorts reserves the right to change these rules without prior notice at its sole discretion. ***Private Events: No event day may have less than three (3) complimentary hours or more than five (5) complimentary hours, unless the group has earned less than three (3) complimentary hours total. Shorter events, as well as additional hours, are available for an extra charge. Room reservations must be for three (3) nights or more in order to count towards benefits. Event hours are between 8:00 AM and 11:59 PM. Any event that extends past midnight (12:00 AM) will incur an additional charge and complimentary hours cannot be used. Applies to groups with a minimum of 20 people. Additional restrictions apply. ****Applies to 50 or more rooms arriving at the same time. Subject to availability at the time of arrival and cannot be confirmed in advance. *****One paying adult must be in the same room in order to receive the kids and teens stay free promotion. Maximum occupancy applies per room category. Child's age must be reported in the reservation and proof of age will be required upon check-in. In the event the age of the child is 18 years of age and older at the time of check-in the difference in rate will be charged upon check-in directly to the guest. Minimum stay requirement of three (3) nights applies. Does not apply to Presidential Suite, Concierge Level guest rooms, oceanfront guest rooms, or any other room category that is for two (2) adults only. Palace Resorts reserves the right to change or discontinue any of the above promotions without notice. Other terms and conditions apply.
NOT IN THE US OR CANADA?
Please call 1 (877) 725-4933 for more information about complimentary benefits.
Terms and conditions may apply. Contact a Palace Resorts representative for more information.


Cleveland Police has teamed up with local care homes to provide a safe haven for missing people with dementia.
Reuben Manor nursing home in Eaglescliffe, Willow View Residential Care Centre in Stockton and Roseberry Court in Redcar are now registered with Cleveland Police as a place of safety for those living with dementia.
This is in addition to the Forces' Herbert Protocol, which encourages carers, families, friends and neighbours of those with dementia to hold information about the person with dementia which could help the police find them if they go missing.
There are currently more than 34,000 people across the North East living with dementia and over recent months work has been ongoing to highlight dementia awareness across the Force.
Temporary Inspector Phil Spencer said: "If officers come across a person living with dementia who has been reported missing from home, lost, confused, disorientated or they are unable to identify them, the care homes will act as a safe haven for them.
"We recognise that taking someone with dementia to a care home is much better than being taken into a police station.
Police and Crime Commissioner for Cleveland, Barry Coppinger, said: "A lot of excellent dementia friendly work has already been done within the PCC office and Cleveland Police since we joined the Dementia Action Alliance last year.


What year is this? It's Leonardo's year (in Italy at least)! In 2019, a series of exhibitions will celebrate the artist, inventor and all-round genius – and arguably the most famous Italian in history. The celebration will be so ubiquitous that the official app that collates the information on all means of transportation in Italy has started planning routes designed to help users discover Leonardo's work through these amazing events. We decided to join in, with a special activity, reserved for our corporate clients.
The itinerary for the official celebrations of Leonardo's life and work is set to start in his birthplace: the village of Anchiano, in Tuscany. The second, obvious stop is in Vinci, where the artist resided and where he is believed to have been baptised, in the local Church of Santa Croce. Vinci is also home to the Leonardo Museum, containing artefacts and a wealth of information that will thrill anyone intent on cracking the authentic Da Vinci Code. The following stops are, obviously, Florence and Milan, where some of Leonardo's most iconic works of art are kept, but also Parma, where the famous drawing Head of a Woman, also known as La Scapigliata is kept. Visitors are then invited to explore Leonardo's masterpieces in Rome. The Vatican museums are home to his famous Saint Jerome, while the Basilica of Santa Maria del Popolo has a whole museum dedicated to the Tuscan genius.
Start planning your next event in Italy today!
This year, we will be reprising a fascinating team building activity we originally created for Burger King, called Leonardo's Secret. This is a very special version of our beloved scavenger hunt, involving clues that are intended to help participants learn about Leonardo's work and his contribution to the progress of technology. We divided our client's staff into two teams and equipped them with mini iPads – thus adding a hi-tech touch that we are sure Leonardo would have appreciated – and sent them on a city tour of Milan. In order to solve our puzzles, the teams needed to answer questions that required them to tap into their shared knowledge of history and art. Each clue was designed to be challenging but approachable and to lead to a new nugget of learning, in order to lead to the next clue and eventually to the ultimate goalpost. The true "treasure" to be found, of course, was a deeper connection to the city and its history, as well as with the incredible and unique legacy that Leonardo left behind for the whole of humanity to enjoy and benefit from.
Team building activities are often associated with dull and slightly awkward afternoons outside the office: we want none of that. We want our clients to enjoy the authentic thrill of a unique experience, that leaves them with something valuable to show for it. And we are aware that there are fewer thrills, in the life of a human being, stronger and more pleasurable than the thrill of discovery, of learning something new and making a connection to places, people and our shared history. The feedback on this kind of team building activity, so far, has been overwhelmingly positive and we are working on improving it further, to meet the needs of a variety of clients.
Book a this experience for your team today!