text:
20th Century & Contemporary Art Evening Sale
London Auction 8 March 2017 5pm GMT
Grace Borgenicht Gallery, New York
Smorgen Family Collection of Contemporary American Art, Melbourne
Sotheby's, New York, 17 February 1999, lot 275
Private Collection (acquired at the above sale)
Sotheby's, London, 2 July 2008, lot 323
Sacramento, Crocker Art Museum; Las Vegas, The Nevada Institute for Contemporary Art Museum; Rockford, Rockford Art Museum; Idaho, Boise Gallery of Art
Arizona, Tucson Museum of Art, The Smorgen Family Collection of Contemporary American Art, 1985, p. 36, no. 11 (illustrated)
The graphic force of Barbara Kruger's use of language in her oeuvre is a testament to the artist's lasting reputation in today's conceptual art world. Composed of the portrait of a woman alongside text stating 'Our Time is Your Money', the present work accentuates a strong, feminist message about the role of woman in society.
Pressing a pair of tweezers to her cheek, the depicted female figure is a symbol of a physical and sexual appeal imposed on women by society today. Kruger creates a crisp division of the sexes, addressing women as 'our' and men as 'your', thus placing women as victims of a consumer society controlled by men. Supplementing an image with a caption refutes the age-old phrase which argues that 'an image is worth a thousand words'. The combination of words and image serves to accentuate the artist's desired message.
Translating political or social statements into clever catchphrases, Kruger delivers these declarations as emphatic appeals, urging the viewer to respond and take action. In Untitled (Our Time is Your Money), the monochrome palette of the image and text succeeds in blending the two components, giving image and text an equal, democratic right within the composition. Kruger leaves no room for ambiguity: she is determined to make her message understood in the most cohesive and straightforward manner.
Best known for her captioned silkscreen prints, Barbara Kruger's impact on contemporary art is evident through her presence within major public collections today, including the Museum of Modern Art, New York, London's Tate Modern and the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris, among many others.
Cool yet critical, Barbara Kruger's advertising-influenced conceptual works address and challenge cultural constructions of power, identity, consumerism, and sexuality through their aggressively direct interrogations of the iniquities of modern life. Often employing the use of direct address and inclusive personal pronouns such as "I," "you," and "they," Kruger's aphorisms are unspecific and all-encompassing; the accusatory ambiguity of Kruger's artworks unflinchingly implicates the viewer, society, and the artist herself for the omnipresent societal sins of our time.
Kruger's work is deeply ironic and thoroughly anti-hierarchical, criticisms delivered through a panoply of media for indiscriminate and immediate reception. Her moralizing messages, memento mori for the digital age, have been featured on museum walls as well as on t-shirts, billboards, and the façade of an infamous Frankfurt department store; they have become so ubiquitous that they seem to emanate from inside of our own consciences. Kruger has been the subject of solo exhibitions at the Serpentine Gallery, London; the Moderna Museet, Stockholm; and the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930 of 30 lots
Untitled (Our Time is Your Money)
gelatin silver print, in artist's frame
187.5 x 126.5 cm (73 7/8 x 49 3/4 in.)
Executed in 1985. This work is unique.
£250,000 - 350,000 ♠
Specialist, Head of Evening Sale
Study for Homage to the Square: Wet and Dry
Infinity Nets (BSGK)
Missing in Action
Estimate £1,200,000 - 1,800,000 ‡
Sold for £1,445,000
Untitled (Plan B)
Estimate £2,500,000 - 3,500,000 ‡ ♠
Estimate £1,200,000 - 1,800,000
Squeaky Fromme
Cityscapes - (con sabana), (Triptych: Francis - Juan Garcia - Emilio Rivera)
An Homage to Monopink, 1960 E
Beautiful Mider Intense Cathartic Painting (with Extra Inner Beauty)
Automobile in corsa – studio
Miquel Barceló
Muletero
España Económica
Frank Auerbach
Seated Figure I
Elisabeth Frink
Tribute II
Ray II
Estimate £250,000 - 350,000 †
Jumeirah Palm
T.N.O.N. - L
Kelley Walker
Wimbledon I


text:
Q: Plot a curve in grafana I have a 2-D time series for which I take 1-minute snapshots that I put in my influxdb.
To give a concrete example, consider a yield curve : this is a curve giving the interest rate by maturity date and looks like this:
maturity | 1YEAR | 2 YEARS | 2 YEARS | 3 YEARS | 4 YEARS | 5 YEARS |
interest | 0.5   | 0.75    | 0.83    | 0.99    | 1.01    | 1.05    |

My application takes snapshots of the curve and stores them in influxdb.
Now I want to plot these snapshots in grafana. So at one particular time stamp I want to plot the curve (X axis will be my maturities, and Y axis the corresponding interest rates for each maturity).
Can this be done in Grafana?

A: To the best of my knowledge, this is not currently possible with Grafana. One of your axes must always be time.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Fencing There are 7 products.
Fencing Pin 48" x 5/8"
For Heras Type Fencing. Please contact the Norwich branch on 01603 616 211 for pricing.
Panel Size 3.5m x 2m Please contact the Norwich branch on 01603 616 211 for pricing.


text:
\section*{Abstract}
\else \normalsize
\begin{center}
{\bf Abstract\vspace{-.5em}\vspace{0pt}}
\end{center}
\quotation
\addtocounter{page}{-1}
\fi}
\def\if@twocolumn\else\endquotation\fi{\if@twocolumn\else\endquotation\fi}
  %

\def\spacing#1{\def#1{#1}
\typeout{baselinestretch is modified to #1}}
  %
\catcode`\@=12
 %
\spacing{1.4}
\footnotesep 11.76pt
\preprintnumber{KEK-TH-428\\
                KEK Preprint 94-192}
\preprintdate{February, 1995}
\title{ SUSY and CP Violation\footnote{Talk given at 1994
International Workshop on B Physics, October 26-28 1994,
Nagoya, Japan.}}
\author{Yasuhiro~Okada}
\begin{document}
\makepreprititle
\begin{abstract}
Flavor changing neutral current and CP violating processes are
discussed in the minimal supergravity model. The constraint on
charged Higgs mass from the new measurement of the inclusive
branching ratio of the $b\rightarrow s\gamma$ process is obtained.
The $B^0_d-\bar{B}^0_d$ mixing parameter ($x_d$)
and the CP violating parameter in the $K^0-\bar{K}^0$ mixing
($\epsilon _K$) are calculated in this model and it is shown
that these parameters can be enhanced by 10\% $\sim$ 20 \%
compared to the prediction within the standard model.
Impacts on new physics search at B factories are also discussed.
\par
\vfil
\end{abstract}
\newpage
\begin{center}{{\tenbf SUSY and CP Violation\\}
\vglue 5pt
\vglue 1.0cm
{\tenrm YASUHIRO OKADA \\}
\baselineskip=13pt
{\tenit Theory Group, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305, Japan\\}
\baselineskip=12pt
\vglue 0.8cm
{\tenrm ABSTRACT}}
\end{center}
\vglue 0.3cm
{\rightskip=3pc
 \leftskip=3pc
 \tenrm\baselineskip=12pt
 \noindent
Flavor changing neutral current and CP violating processes are
discussed in the minimal supergravity model. The constraint on
charged Higgs mass from the new measurement of the inclusive
branching ratio of the $b\rightarrow s\gamma$ process is obtained.
The $B^0_d-\bar{B}^0_d$ mixing parameter ($x_d$)
and the CP violating parameter in the $K^0-\bar{K}^0$ mixing
($\epsilon _K$) are calculated in this model and it is shown
that these parameters can be enhanced by 10\% $\sim$ 20 \%
compared to the prediction within the standard model.
Impacts on new physics search at B factories are also discussed.

\vglue 0.6cm}
{\elevenbf\noindent 1. Introduction}
\vglue 0.4cm
\baselineskip=14pt
\elevenrm
Although nature of gauge interactions between fermions and gauge bosons has
been getting clearer in recent years, other aspects of the standard
model (SM) such as
origin of CP violation and mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking have
not yet been understood experimentally. Main purpose of B factory projects at
KEK and SLAC is to measure CP violating asymmetries in B decays and
to see whether various CP violating processes are consistently explained
by a single phase of the Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix. If that
turns out to be the case, one of important aspects of the SM will be
established experimentally, on the other hand, if not, we will have a clear
evidence of physics beyond the SM.

One of promising candidates of the physics beyond the SM is a supersymmetric
(SUSY) extension. It is then important to know how the SUSY effects can
appear in physics on B decays. Although the original motivation of the SUSY
models is to give a possible explanation to the hierarchy problem in the
Higgs sector of the SM, their flavor sector also has unique
features. Firstly, any viable SUSY model contains at least two Higgs
doublets, therefore a physical charged Higgs is an inevitable consequence
of the SUSY SM.  This Higgs
can affect flavor changing neutral current (FCNC) processes through
loop diagrams. Moreover, squark mass matrices can be new sources of
flavor mixing. Since these squark mass matrices are in part determined from
SUSY
breaking parameters, the investigation of FCNC and CP violating processes could
lead us to knowledges about the SUSY breaking mechanism.

In this talk I will discuss how SUSY effects can appear in physics on
B decays. For this purpose, we should distinguish two scenarios on the
flavor mixing in SUSY models\cite{CPsusy}.
The first one is the `` minimal flavor
mixing case'' in which the origin of the flavor mixing and the CP
violation lies in the ordinary Yukawa coupling constants in superpotential.
The minimal supergravity model is classified as an example of this type,
where the SUSY breaking parameters are real and common for all flavors
at the grand unification scale. The other corresponds to the general flavor
mixing case where the flavor mixing in the squark sector is not simply
related to that in the quark sector and CP violations could arise from
many new physical complex phases. In the latter case  phenomenological
constraints from the $K^0-\bar{K}^0$ mixing and the neutron's electric
dipole moment  become important. Here we only consider the minimal case,
especially a model based on the minimal supergravity model. We first
consider the constraints on parameters obtained from the recent
measurement of the inclusive $b\rightarrow s\gamma$ branching ratio
\cite{cleo}.
Although there have been many works\cite{BBMR}-\cite{Carena}
on the SUSY contributions to
the $b\rightarrow s\gamma$ process, both in the minimal supersymmetric
standard model (MSSM) and in the minimal
supergravity model, we re-evaluate the branching ratio and present the result
as a constraint on charged Higgs mass from this process\cite{GO}.
Next, we calculate the $B^0_d-\bar{B}^0_d$ mixing parameter ($x_d$)
and the CP violating parameter in the $K^0-\bar{K}^0$ mixing (
$\epsilon _K$) in the SUSY model.
Here also there have been many previous works\cite{CPsusy,BBMR,BBbar}.
We have updated the analysis \cite{GNO} using the new experimental
input on the top quark mass\cite{top} and the constraint from
the measured inclusive $b\rightarrow s\gamma$ branching ratio\cite{cleo}.
Presently,
these processes do not put strong constraints on the SUSY parameter space
once other phenomenological constraints
are taken into account. However, when
the measurements of CP asymmetries at future B factory experiments
provide new information on the CKM matrix
there is a good chance that some SUSY effects are extracted from combined
analysis of  $x_d$, $\epsilon _K$ and the CP asymmetries in B decays.

\vglue 0.6cm
{\elevenbf\noindent 2. Minimal Supergravity Model}
\vglue 0.4cm
We consider here the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM)
\cite{Nilles}. Each
particle of the SM has its superpartner. Corresponding to gauge bosons, quarks,
leptons and Higgs boson, gauginos, squarks, sleptons and
higgsino have to be introduced.
These particles can be classified in five sectors,
namely, three ordinary sectors (quark-lepton, gauge field and Higgs
sectors) and two sectors of superpartners (squark-slepton and
chargino-neutralino-gluino sectors). Here the charginos and neutralinos
are combinations of the gauginos and higgsinos.

The Higgs sector contains two Higgs doublets. One of them, denoted by
$H_1$, couples to the down-type quarks and the leptons and the other,
denoted by
$H_2$, to the up-type quarks. There are five physical particle states, i.e.,
two neutral scalars and one neutral pseudo scalar and one pair of
charged Higgs. The masses and mixings of these particles
are parametrized by the pseudo scalar
mass ($m_A$) and the ratio of the two vacuum expectation values,
$\tan {\beta}=\frac{<H^0_2>}{<H^0_1>}$, where $H^0_1$ and  $H^0_2$
are neural components of the Higgs fields. In addition to these
parameters the top and stop masses enter in the formulas of the
various Higgs masses through one loop corrections to the Higgs
potential\cite{SUSYHiggs}.

For discussions on FCNC processes the existence of the
charged Higgs is important. At the tree level, the charged Higgs
and the pseudo scalar masses are related as follows;
\begin{equation}
m_{H^\pm}^2=m_W^2+m_A^2,
\end{equation}
where  $m_{H^\pm}$ and $m_W$ are masses of the charged Higgs
and the W boson. This relation remains to be in a good approximation
even if the one loop corrections to the Higgs potential are taken
into account\cite{charged}. Notice that properties of the lightest neutral
scalar Higgs are almost the same as those of the SM Higgs
if the charged Higgs mass is much larger than 200 GeV. On the other
hand, the investigation of the lightest Higgs
alone could provide us an evidence that the Higgs sector is different from
the simplest one Higgs doublet model in the case that the
charged Higgs is relatively light. We will see later that
the FCNC and CP violating processes are especially sensitive to the
parameter region with the light charged Higgs.

The chargino-neutralino sector consists of two charged
Dirac fermions and four neutral Majorana fermions. Their mass matrices
depend on SUSY breaking gaugino masses ($M_1, M_2$) and a higgsino
mass parameter ($\mu$) as well as the W and Z boson masses and
$\tan{\beta}$. The chargino mass matrix is given by
\begin{eqnarray}
M_C &=&  \left( \begin{array}{cc}
                M_2 & \sqrt{2}m_W \sin \beta\\
                \sqrt{2}m_W \cos \beta & \mu\\
                \end{array} \right),
\end{eqnarray}
where the first row and column corresponds to the wino (a superpartner
to the W gauge boson) states and
the second row and column to the higgsino states. From this mass
matrix we can see that the lightest chargino  behaves like a pure
wino (or higgsino) in the limit of $M_2\ll \mu$ ($M_2\gg \mu$ ).

In the squark sector one complex field must be introduced for each Weyl fermion
in the quark sector. Since there are three generations of quarks
the up-type and down-type squark mass matrices are 6x6
matrices including left-right squark mixing terms. These squark
mass matrices depend on SUSY soft breaking parameters. A general
form in the Lagrangian contributing to the matrices is given by
\begin{eqnarray}
{\cal L}_{soft} &=& -m_{Q_{ij}}^2\tilde{q}_{L_i}^*\tilde{q}_{L_j}
                  -m_{d_{ij}}^2\tilde{d}_{R_i}^*\tilde{d}_{R_j}
                  -m_{u_{ij}}^2\tilde{u}_{R_i}^*\tilde{u}_{R_j}
\nonumber\\
              & & -\tilde{u}_{R_i}^*(m_u A_u)_{ij}\tilde{u}_{L_j}
                  -\tilde{d}_{R_i}^*(m_d A_d)_{ij}\tilde{d}_{L_j}
	          + c.c..
\end {eqnarray}
Although these soft breaking terms contain many free parameters
in general SUSY SM, their forms are strongly constrained
from FCNC processes. Especially, the smallness of the $K^0-\bar{K}^0$
mixing requires that the masses of squarks with the same gauge quantum
numbers should be highly degenerate for the first and second generations
if these masses are less than a few TeV\cite{KKbar}. Whether this degeneracy is
obtained without fine-tuning depends on how these SUSY soft breaking
terms are generated.

In the minimal supergravity model, soft breaking terms are supposed
to arise from gravity interactions with a sector where local SUSY is
spontaneously broken. We can assume that this sector, called
a hidden sector, is flavor-blind. In such a case the ordinary Yukawa
coupling constants in the superpotential are a unique source of
the flavor mixing. In this minimal model the soft
breaking terms are given as,

\begin{equation}
{\cal L}_{soft} = -m_0^2 \sum_{i}|\phi_i|^2
                    -A (H_2 \tilde{u}^c f_u \tilde{q}_L+
                        H_1 \tilde{d}^c f_d \tilde{q}_L) +c.c.,
\end{equation}
where $m_0^2$ is a common SUSY breaking mass for all scalar fields and
$A$ is a common trilinear coupling parameter. $f_u$ and $f_d$ are the
ordinary Yukawa coupling constant matrices.

These parameters are supposed to be generated at the GUT or Planck
scale. The squark mass matrices at the weak scale are calculated by
solving renormalization group equations for soft breaking and other
relevant parameters. As a result, the following general conclusions
can be drawn:\\

\noindent 1) The squarks in the first and second generations with the same
quantum numbers remain highly degenerate at the weak scale.
Therefore, the constraint from the $K^0-\bar{K}^0$ mixing is
naturally satisfied. On the other hand, the squarks in the third
generation can be substantially lighter than other squarks
because renormalization effects due to the large top Yukawa
coupling constant make the stop or left-sbottom mass lighter
at the low energy scale\cite{KKSG}.\\

\noindent 2) The electroweak symmetry breaking can be induced by the
renormalization effects due to the large top Yukawa coupling
constant starting from the assumption that all the scalar fields have
a common SUSY breaking mass.  This is called radiative electroweak symmetry
breaking scenario\cite{RBS}.\\

\noindent 3) Although squarks and quarks are simultaneously diagonalized
at the GUT scale, the renormalization from the GUT to the weak scale can induce
a mismatch between two mass matrices. This will cause flavor changing
interactions even in gluino(or neutralino)-quark-squark couplings
\cite{KKSG}.\\

We have solved the renormalization group equations numerically
including full complex Yukawa coupling matrices and calculated the squark
mass matrices at the weak scale. In the present model, the squark's
flavor mixing is completely determined by the CKM matrix
and other flavor-blind parameters. We have also found
that in a very good approximation the complex phase of the squark's
mixing matrix is the same as
that of the corresponding element in the CKM matrix. As a result, the
$B^0-\bar{B}^0$ box diagrams both for the SM contributions and for the SUSY
ones have the same complex phase.
Previously, this was pointed out
using an approximate solution of the renormalization group equations
\cite{CPsusy}.
Our numerical calculation has confirmed the assertion.

Although the  $K^0-\bar{K}^0$ mixing does not cause any serious
problem once we take the minimal flavor mixing scenario, the FCNC
processes including the third generation might be substantially
influenced by the presence of SUSY particles. We will discuss such
processes, i.e. $b\rightarrow s\gamma$, $B^0_d-\bar{B}^0_d$ mixing,
and $\epsilon _K$ in the followings.

\vglue 0.5cm
{\elevenbf \noindent 3. $b\rightarrow s\gamma$ Process in the Minimal
Supergravity Model}
\vglue 0.4cm

Recently, the CLEO collaboration reported the inclusive branching ratio
of the radiative b decay, $Br(b\rightarrow s\gamma)=(2.32\pm 0.51 \pm
0.29 \pm 0.32)\times 10^{-4}$\cite{cleo}. This value is consistent with the
theoretical prediction within the SM which is $(2\sim 3)\times 10^{-4}$
\cite{GSW,Misiak,BurasMisiakMunzPokorski}.
In the SM this process is induced by the electroweak one-loop diagram
called a penguin diagram. If new physics beyond the SM exists, there may
be extra contributions to the $b\rightarrow s\gamma$ amplitude.
In fact, for a certain type of two Higgs doublet model (THDM) called Model II
the charged Higgs mass less than 260 GeV is excluded by this process
\cite{cleo,GSW,thdm}.
In SUSY models, SUSY particles also contribute to the $b\rightarrow s\gamma$
amplitude in addition to the SM particles and the charged Higgs.
New contributions are loop diagrams from (i) chargino and
up-type squarks, (ii) gluino and down-type squarks and (iii)
neutralino and down-type squarks. Although the charged Higgs contribution
is the same as that of the Model II THDM, and therefore only
constructively interferes with the SM contribution, the amplitude due
to the SUSY particle loops can have either sign depending on parameters
in the SUSY Lagrangian. Therefore, no general bound on the charged Higgs
mass is obtained unlike the simple Model II THDM.

We now consider the $b\rightarrow s\gamma$ branching ratio in the
context of the minimal supergravity model and present the results
as the charged Higgs mass bounds\cite{GO}.
In this case number of free parameters in the SUSY sector is much
smaller than that in the general SUSY SM. Requiring
the radiative electroweak symmetry breaking, we can take $\mu, M_2,
\tan{\beta}$ and the charged Higgs mass as independent parameters
after using the GUT relations among SU(3), SU(2) and U(1) gaugino masses.
Then, all other Higgses' and squarks' masses and mixing parameters
can be calculated with the help of the renormalization group equations.
The detail of our calculation is described in Ref. \cite{GO}.

In Fig. 1 the $b\rightarrow s\gamma$ branching ratio is shown for
$m_t$ (top mass) $= 175$  GeV and $\tan{\beta}=5$. Each point of this
figure corresponds to a particular choice of free parameters.
\begin{figure}
\baselineskip=12pt
	\vspace{8cm}
	\caption{\tenrm{$b\rightarrow s\gamma$ branching ratio for
$m_t= 175$  GeV and $\tan{\beta}=5$. Each dot corresponds to a sample
point which satisfies radiative breaking and phenomenological constraints.
Solid line represents the branching ratio calculated with the SM and
charged Higgs contributions only (Model II THDM). Dot-dashed line
represents the SM value.
}}
\end{figure}
In the calculation we have taken account of various phenomenological
constraints \cite{pdg}:
(i) the mass of any charged SUSY particle is larger than 45 GeV,
(ii) the sneutrino mass is larger than 41 GeV,
(iii) the gluino mass is larger than 100 GeV,
(iv) neutralino search results at LEP \cite{aleph}, which require
$\Gamma(Z \rightarrow \chi \chi)< 22$ MeV,
$\Gamma(Z \rightarrow \chi \chi')$,
$\Gamma(Z \rightarrow \chi' \chi')< 5 \times 10^{-5}$ GeV,
where $\chi$ is the lightest neutralino and
$\chi'$ is any neutralino other than the lightest one,
(v) the lightest SUSY particle (LSP) is neutral,
(vi) the condition for not having a charge or color
  symmetry breaking vacuum \cite{aterm}.
We have neglected the neutralino loop contribution to the amplitude
which is known to be very small. For comparison we also present
the branching ratio which is calculated with only the SM and charged Higgs
contributions retained. We can see that the predictions of the branching
ratio are divided by the line of the THDM. In fact points above the line
corresponds to the case $\mu < 0$ and below it to the case $\mu > 0$,
respectively. Therefore, whether the SUSY particle effects enhance
or suppress the branching ratio depends on the sign
of the $\mu$ parameter, which was pointed out previously\cite{Lopez1,
BertoliniVissani,Lopez2}.
In Figs. 2 and 3,
excluded region in the charged Higgs mass and $\tan{\beta}$ space
from the $b\rightarrow s\gamma$ process is shown separately for $\mu < 0$
and $\mu > 0$.
\begin{figure}
\baselineskip=12pt
	\vspace{8cm}
	\caption{\tenrm{Excluded region in the $\tan{\beta}$ and
$m_{H^\pm}$ space for $\mu < 0$. Each line represents the lower
bound for the charged Higgs mass: solid line: all constraints included;
dashed line: without $b\rightarrow s\gamma$ constraint; dot-dashed line:
Model II THDM with  $b\rightarrow s\gamma$ constraint.
}}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
\baselineskip=12pt
	\vspace{8cm}
	\caption{\tenrm{The same as Fig.2 for$\mu > 0$ }}
\end{figure}
In accordance with the above discussion, the lower bound of the charged
Higgs mass becomes much larger than that in the Model II THDM for
$\mu < 0$, but no strong bound is obtained for  $\mu > 0$ due to
cancellation between
the SUSY and other contributions. In determining the excluded region
in the parameter space, we have calculated the $b\rightarrow s\gamma$
branching ratio varying free parameters ($\mu, M_2$) for each fixed
set of the charged Higgs mass and $\tan{\beta}$. Since the main
theoretical ambiguity comes from the choice of the renormalization
scale ($Q$) at the bottom scale in evaluating the QCD correction
\cite{BurasMisiakMunzPokorski}, we have
calculated the branching ratio by varying the renormalization scale
from $Q=m_b/2$ to $Q=2m_b$ where the bottom mass $m_b$ is taken to be
4.25 GeV. To be conservative, we also include additional 10 \%
theoretical uncertainties. Then, if the calculated branching ratio
cannot be within the experimental value ($1\times 10^{-4}<Br<
4\times 10^{-4}$) for any choice of ($\mu, M_2$) even if the theoretical
uncertainties are taken into account, we regard the point in the charged
Higgs mass and $\tan{\beta}$ space excluded. In Fig. 4, two cases,
$\mu < 0$ and $\mu > 0$ are combined and the excluded region is
shown independently of the sign of $\mu$. For $3\lsim \tan{\beta} \lsim
5$, the charged Higgs mass smaller than 180 GeV is excluded by this
process.
\begin{figure}
\baselineskip=12pt
	\vspace{8cm}
	\caption{\tenrm{Excluded region in the $\tan{\beta}$ and
$m_{H^\pm}$ space irrespective of the sign of $\mu$. The meaning of
the lines are the same as those in Fig. 2.  }}
\end{figure}
Due to the phenomenological constraints and the condition for radiative
electroweak symmetry breaking,
this region was previously allowed only for $\mu < 0$.
It is, however, completely excluded by the new
measurement of the $b\rightarrow s\gamma$ process.
\vglue 0.5cm
{\elevenbf \noindent 4. $x_d$, $\epsilon _K$ and CP asymmetries
in B decays \hfil}
\vglue 0.4cm
In the SM, all the flavor mixing and CP violating processes are determined
by the parameters of the CKM matrix. There are four physical parameters
in this matrix. A convenient way of the parametrization was given by
Wolfenstein as follows\cite{Wolf}:
\begin{eqnarray}
V_{CKM}&\simeq&  \left( \begin{array}{ccc}
                1-\frac{\lambda^2}{2}& \lambda
                 & \lambda^3 A (\rho-i\eta)\\
                -\lambda  & 1-\frac{\lambda^2}{2} & \lambda^2 A\\
                \lambda^3 A (1-\rho-i\eta)& -\lambda^2 A & 1\\
                \end{array} \right),
\end{eqnarray}
where we have ignored higher order terms in $\lambda$ in each
element. Among four parameters the Cabbibo mixing parameter $\lambda$
and the $A$ parameter which is determined by $|V_{cb}|$ are
well known experimentally. The $\rho$ and $\eta$ parameters
are not yet precisely fixed. We can determine the present allowed
region on the ($\rho$, $\eta$) space from three measured quantities,
i.e., the CP violation parameter in K decays ($\epsilon _K$),
the $B^0_d-\bar{B}^0_d$ mixing parameter ($x_d$) and $|V_{ub}|/|V_{cb}|$
from charmless b decays.

When experiments on B decays are done at the asymmetric B factories
we can directly measure three angle of the triangle formed by
three points $0+i0$, $1+i0$, $\rho+i\eta$ in the complex plane. This is called
the unitarily triangle. The time dependent asymmetry of the $B^0_d$
($\bar{B}^0_d$)
decay to a CP eigenstate ($f$) determines a quantity $\xi=Im \left(
\frac{q}{p}\right)_B \left(\frac{\bar{A}_f}{A_f}\right)$, where
$\left(\frac{q}{p}\right)_B$ corresponds to the complex phase
of the $B^0_d-\bar{B}^0_d$
box diagram and $A_f(\bar{A}_f)$ is the amplitude of $B^0
\rightarrow f (\bar{B}^0\rightarrow f)$\cite{Sanda}. In the SM the $B^0
\rightarrow \psi K_s$ mode gives the angle $\phi_1$ ($=$ angle
at the point $1+i0$) which is in fact directly related to the phase
of the $B^0_d-\bar{B}^0_d$ box diagram. $\phi_2$ ($=$ angle
at the point $\rho+i\eta$) is obtained from $B^0
\rightarrow \pi \pi$ or $\pi \rho$ process. The measurement of the
angle $\phi_3$ ($=$ angle at the point $0+i0$) can be done with direct CP
violation in $B \rightarrow D K$ processes\cite{Gronau}. Combining these
measurements we will be able to determine the $\rho$ and $\eta$
parameters precisely. If the SM prediction is correct the parameter
determined by these angle measurements should fall in the range
obtained by the analysis of $\epsilon _K$,
$x_d$ and $|V_{ub}|/|V_{cb}|$. Any inconsistency among these
observables give us a hint on physics beyond the SM.

In the minimal supergravity model the phase of the $B^0_d-\bar{B}^0_d$
box diagram is the same as that of the SM box diagram in a very
good approximation, as we discussed in section 2. On the other hand
the magnitude of the mixing can be different from the SM due to
contributions from the charged Higgs and SUSY particles.
The same is true for $\epsilon _K$ which is determined from the
$K^0-\bar{K}^0$ box diagram. Therefore, combining these observables
with angle informations we may be able to get useful information
on existence of SUSY particles.

We present calculation of  $x_d$ and $\epsilon _K$ in the minimal
supergravity model\cite{GNO}. In addition to the SM box diagram, we have
included diagrams with the charged Higgs, chargino and up-type
squarks, gluino and down-type squarks. One loop diagrams
with neutralino are expected to be very small, therefore neglected
here. In the calculation of these quantities we have taken into account
the phenomenological constraints and the condition for the radiative
electroweak symmetry breaking as described in the previous section.
We have also included the constraint on the SUSY parameter space from the
$b\rightarrow s\gamma$ process discussed in section 3. Fig. 5 shows
a plot of $x_d=\frac{\Delta M_B}{\Gamma}$ in the SUSY model normalized
by $x_d$ in the SM.
\begin{figure}
\baselineskip=12pt
	\vspace{8cm}
	\caption{\tenrm{Ratio of $x_d$ in the supergravity model
and that of the SM for $m_t= 175$  GeV and $\tan{\beta}=2.5$.
Each dot correspond to a sample point
which satisfies radiative breaking and phenomenological constraints
including the $b\rightarrow s\ \gamma$\  constraint.
Solid line represents the same ratio calculated with the SM and
charged Higgs contributions only (Model II THDM). }}
\end{figure}
This ratio does not contain the theoretical ambiguity of the hadron
matrix element, i.e., $f_B^2 B_B$. Here, we have taken $m_t=175$ GeV,
$\tan{\beta}=2.5$ and $\rho=0.18,\eta=0.31$. In the supergravity
model this ratio is almost independent of the values of $\rho$ and $\eta$
since the diagram containing squarks has almost the same
$\rho$ and $\eta$ dependence as the SM box diagram.
Here we have also shown the line
corresponding to the case in which only the SM and the charged Higgs
contributions are retained. We can see that the SUSY contributions
always enhance the value of $x_d$.
This is in contrast to the $b\rightarrow s\gamma$ case where
cancellation between SUSY and other contributions is possible.
(This is true even if we have not included the $b\rightarrow s\gamma$
constraint.) The SUSY and the charged Higgs contribution typically
enhance $x_d$ by 10 $\sim$ 20 \%. The enhancement is larger
for smaller value of the charged Higgs mass. We also calculated
this ratio for different values of $\tan{\beta}$. The result
show that $x_d$ is larger for smaller $\tan{\beta}$. A similar
plot is shown for $\epsilon_K$ in Fig. 6. The size of the SUSY
and charged Higgs contributions is quite similar to that of $x_d$.
\begin{figure}
\baselineskip=12pt
	\vspace{8cm}
	\caption{\tenrm{The same figure as Fig.5 for the ratio
of $\epsilon_K$ in the minimal supergravity model and that of SM.
The solid line corresponds to Model II THDM.}}
\end{figure}

Since the effect of new particles are less than 20 \%, $x_d$ and
$\epsilon_K$ do not strongly constrain the SUSY parameter space from
the present measurements. This is because large
hadronic uncertainties exist in the calculation
of $\epsilon_K$ and $x_d$, i.e. $B_K$,
and $f_B^2 B_B$, and also still two free parameters $\rho$
and $\eta$ remain in the prediction of the size of $\epsilon_K$
and $x_d$.
The situation will be changed if independent information on the
$\rho$ and $\eta$ parameters is obtained at the B factories. With
expected improvement on determination of $B_K,f_B$ and $B_B$ from
the lattice gauge theory in the next few years\cite{Soni},
the 10 $\sim$ 20 \%
effects on $x_d$ and $\epsilon_K$ can be large enough to detect
new physics contributions like SUSY particles' ones.
\vglue 0.5cm
{\elevenbf \noindent 5. Conclusions \hfil}
\vglue 0.4cm
We have seen that SUSY particles and charged Higgs can contribute to
various FCNC and CP violation processes like $b\rightarrow s\gamma$,
$B^0-\bar{B}^0$ mixing and $\epsilon_K$. They are induced not only
by the usual quark flavor mixing but also by the squark's counterpart.
In the minimal supergravity model this squark's flavor mixing is specified
by a few free parameters so that the model has predictive power. We
have seen that the prediction of the $b\rightarrow s\gamma$
branching ratio depends on the sign of the $\mu$ parameter. Then,
the sensitivity to the charged Higgs mass is quite different
for $\mu>0$ and $\mu<0$. We also
calculated $x_d$ and $\epsilon_K$ in this model and have shown that
these quantities are always enhanced compared to the SM prediction.
The effects can be as large as 20 \% after taking account of the
$b\rightarrow s\gamma$ constraint. These effects are large enough
to give impacts on the new physics search at the B factories by
measuring sides and angles of the unitarily triangle.
\vglue 0.5cm
{\elevenbf\noindent References \hfil}
\vglue 0.4cm

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
La Bodega Restaurant Celebrates 50th Anniversary All Year Long
Kevin Chase Published: March 28, 2022
La Bodega celebrates its 50th anniversary this year and it will be a year-long celebration according to restaurant owners.
According to CBS 7, La Bodega opened the very first restaurant in Midland in 1972, and then in 1981, they opened the location in Odessa.
Employees who have worked at the restaurant from the beginning say it feels less like a job and more like they are part of the family.
"We are like family, we see each other as we treat each other like all the employees do and since we all know each other it's easy to work like that," said Jesus Moreno.
Moreno says he is grateful to take part in and witness the 50th anniversary of a restaurant that has become such an integral part of Midland and Odessa.
"I feel ecstatic. I mean I witness families with their young children come here and then those children get married and have their kids and then they bring their kids, and they bring their parents who are now grandparents. It's beautiful," said Moreno.
The owners of the restaurant say they have 50th-anniversary celebrations going on all year long to celebrate this big anniversary.
The celebrations will include mariachis, pinatas, vibrant colors, and of course delicious La Bodega food.
All of the festivities will not just be in Midland but also in the Odessa restaurant as well.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


ABSTRACT: Harvesting of living resources involves conflicting objectives between profits, human consumption, population sustainability and ecological impacts. These trade-offs are often complex, as harvesting affects demography and productivity of wild populations immersed in rich ecological interactions, and consequences may extend to the evolutionary dimension. In a life-history model of a commercially harvested fish stock, the Northeast Arctic stock of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua, we show how fishing mortality and gear selectivity affect evolution of maturation age, population dynamics and fisheries yield. We focus on common management objectives, and show that taking more of the catch with gillnets that select for intermediate sizes has the potential to increase yield and reverse undesirable evolutionary effects that have taken place over the past century. We compare the high fishing pressure of past decades with the current management plan and alternative scenarios that maximize (1) food production, (2) product quality (size of individual fish in the catch), or (3) evolutionary reversal. Directing more of the catch towards individuals below or at maturation size improves sustainability and food production from fisheries while reversing evolutionary impacts. This demonstrates that evolutionarily enlightened management of size selectivity, based on existing gear types and technology, can reconcile seemingly conflicting management objectives.


text:
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Light Year 14: Japan Parade is in conjunction with the exhibition, "The Yuko Nii Retrospective," celebrating the WAH Center's 20th Anniversary. Light Year 14: Japan Parade was originally exhibited on June 2, 2016 as a public art video projection in Dumbo, Brooklyn, organized by 3_Search and the Leo Kuelb Collection. During this show, artists' videos were projected on the underside of the Manhattan Bridge Archway.
Kyoko Sato, an experienced, independent curator, has brought together a broad group of artists to make the "Japan Parade" possible. The contributing artists are all internationally active, Japanese artists; each bringing a unique style of videography to the project: Momoyo Torimitsu, who is known for works featuring Japanese businessmen, Motoko Wada, who worked on the 3D Snoopy movies, Kenji Toma, a photographer who has taken many photos for luxury brands such as Chanel and Dior, Mami Kosemura, an associate professor at Wako University in Tokyo, Kenji Kojima, who is known for his 'techno synesthesia' art, ON megumi Akiyoshi, known for her flower-themed works, and Yuki Ideguchi, who has just finished his first solo show in New York. (in collaboration with Suguru Ikeda and Masatora Goya). Director of animation films, Shigeyoshi Tsukahara recently joined the project for this event.
The theme of the video is centered on Japanese culture. They will use modern animation and high-tech methods to express traditional Japanese culture such as fusuma (sliding door) paintings, woodblock prints, Japanese novel and unique Japanese customs. The video will last around 30 minutes providing an exploration of Japanese culture through many unique lens. Leo Kuelbs Collection is an art project series founded by curator and art collector Leo Kuelbs, who is based in New York and Berlin. The outstanding works of Kuelbs includes DIVINE COALESCENCE (2012, Berlin) organized by Don Perignon, and THE DIAMOND SKY (2014, New York) organized by Tiffany & Co. at the Guggenheim Museum. Both works are presented using Projection Mapping and displayed over the inner walls of the entire building. They have also created many public art projects. BLUEPRINTS AND PERSPECTIVES (2013), and SENSE/COALESCENCE (2015) were presented in Dallas, in which videos were projected on the outside walls of a building.
In 2007, Kojima developed a computer software program named "RGB Music Lab" that enables color on the screen to covert to 12 levels of music tones through a mathematical algorithm. [I-MY] is a music video work that was composed from digital data of light and shades made by Noh dancing. Noh was created in the 14th century in Japan. His series of 'Techno Synesthesia' videos with music has been archived in the New Museum, New York, ACM Siggraph, and presented many other cities and countries such as Berlin, Istanbul, Spain, Brazil, Finland, China, and Copenhagen. Kojima lives in New York. The Noh-dance performer in the video is Mayo Miwa.
Based in New York, Toma has long been shooting commercial photos for luxury brands such as Apple, Tiffany & Co., Chanel, Dior and Laurent-Perrier. He has been working on his own project called "Flower Encyclopedia" and will present brand new footage for this show with his signature rich expression inspired by traditional Japanese aesthetics.
Kosemura has a PhD from Tokyo Art University in oil painting (2005), and is now staying in New York for a year on a Gotoh Memorial Foundation Scholarship. She creates animation films by applying the structure of painting, combining photographs that look like paintings and enormous amounts of drawing-photos. The work "Flowering Plants of the Four Seasons" (2004-2006, 2016) is currently being shown at the Asia Society, New York until January 2017. For this work, she photographed flowers as they might appear on a Japanese screen. She will present a modified version of the video "Frozen" to fit the outdoor installation. The original work is in the collection of the Museum of Contemporary Art Tokyo. She serves as the editing director of this exhibition.
Torimatsu is well known for her works based on Japanese businessmen. She joined P.S.1 International Studio Program in 1996, and has been living in New York since. She presented in many exhibitions including Deitch Projects (NY), Mori Art Museum (Tokyo), National Museum of Singapore, Museum of Contemporary Art Australia (Sydney), ZKM| Museum of Contemporary Art (Karlsruhe), Gwangiu Biennale, Swiss Institute, Kunsthale KAdE (Amersfoort) and Tate Gallery (London). She produced this video work after watching a TV news program showing Tokyo Electric Power Company executives apologizing after the nuclear disaster. This animation is her sarcastic view of them as if they are incommunicable aliens in a puppet show.
Wada works for Blue Sky Studios, which has been producing many 3D animation big hit films such as "The Peanuts Movie" and "Ice Age". She will present a 3D animation of Japanese monsters shown in traditional Japanese scrolls such as the skeleton of Gyosai Kawanabe (1831-1889). She is planning to produce a hundred monsters in the near future. She received a BA in literature at the Kyoto University, and an MFA in Graphics Animation from the Academy of Art University, San Francisco.
She received her BFA from Tokyo University of The Arts in 1997, and MFA from School of Visual Arts, New York in 2002. Her flower themed mural is already in Leo Kuelb's collection. Pouring water into a cup, bubbles appear and disappear. Akiyoshi sees these bubbles as a symbol of life, wishing all living things blossom fully. Her works were presented at Brooklyn Museum (NY), Singapore Art Museum, MOCA Shanghai, Japan Society (NY), and other venues worldwide.
Born in 1981, Tokyo, he started to create animation when he was student. His works "JOSEITO", "HASHI no MUKOU", "USHIGAERU" have won many prizes in Japan. "JOSEITO" was recently presented in New York Japan CineFest 2016 at Asia Society. The original footage is 14 minutes, and remastered for Light Year 14, and is based on Osamu Dazai (1909-1948)'s novel "School Girl", describing a day of young girl in Showa-era(1926-1989), featuring various retro items from the age.
Ideguchi has a MFA in Japanese traditional painting from the Tokyo Art University (2013). Hailing fresh from Japan, he was scouted by Kyoko Sato, the curator of this show, for his debut in New York in group and solo exhibitions. His painting "Does the World Go Pop?" (2015) is already in the Leo Kuelbs Collection. He will create a video work for the first time by showing his signature wave and sun flowers. Ikeda collaborates with Ideguchi on making animation, while Goya adds music to the video. Goya received a BA from Kyoto University in Integrated Human Studies and a DMA from Five Towns College in Music Composition (2016).
Kyoko Sato is a Japanese independent curator based in New York. She moved to the US in 2002 to pursue her dream as an art curator. In 2014, She proposed and coordinated the exhibition "Ancient Egyptian Queens and Goddesses: Treasures from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York" held in Tokyo and Kobe, Japan. As curator for contemporary art shows, Kyoko has participated in Waterfall Mansion & Gallery located in the Upper East Side of Manhattan and curated many shows throughout Manhattan and Brooklyn with artists across a wide range of media. She also held two exhibitions about the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 and 2016. Kyoko was responsible for press photo installations as well as the introduction of four photographers who relocated to the Tohoku region to document the lives of people living post-disaster.
Kyoko has previously produced and directed exhibitions and fashion shows for the NHK Group, a public television network in Japan. She received a Bachelor of Arts in art history from Waseda University in Tokyo Japan in 1995. The theme of her graduate thesis was on Jackson Pollock.


text:
Regiment History
4-101 Aviation Regiment
"The Wings of the Eagle" proudly traces its history back to the Korean War.
"The Wings of the Eagle" proudly traces its history back to the Korean War. On 7 December 1950, the 4th Light Aviation Section was assigned to the eighth US Army Korea where it remained until deactivated on 5 November 1954.
The 4th Light Aviation Section was reactivated on 1 July 1956 as the 101st Aviation Company and assigned to the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault) at Fort Campbell, KY. On 3 December 1962, the 101st Aviation Company was redesignated as the 101st Aviation Battalion.
Company A deployed to the Republic of Vietnam on April 11, 1965 and became the first element of the division to see combat since World War II. The remainder of the 101st Aviation Battalion deployed to Vietnam in December 1967 and served with distinction there until the 101st Airborne Division redeployed to Fort Campbell in February 1972. The 101st Aviation Battalion was redesignated 4th Battalion on 16 October 1987 with the activation of the 101st Aviation Regiment.
In 1990 and 1991 the Battalion served with distinction in Operation Desert Shield and Desert Storm, completing over 3000 hours of accident free flying while conducting combat operations. The Battalion's record of excellence includes planning, leading, and executing, at the time, the longest Air Assault in history to the Euphrates River in Iraq.
In light of the world changing events of 11 September, 2001, the Battalion was given two short-notice missions to deploy elements in support of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) deploying 29 aircraft and 6.5 aircrews to Khandahar, Afghanistan. These soldiers executed Aviation operations during Operation Anaconda while conquering the difficult environment of Afghanistan. The Battalion strategically deployed another 5 UH-60L helicopters and 6.5 aircrews to Bagram Air Base, Afghanistan on 3 May 2002 until September 2002 in support Joint Task Force combat operations.
The Battalion reset for future combat operations in the CENTCOM AOR and in February 2003 4-101 AVN RGT became one of the first units of the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault) to arrive in Kuwait for Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF). On 23 March, 2003, the 4th Battalion conducted not only the first Air Assault in support of OIF but also the longest in history of the 101st Airborne Division (AASLT) moving C/3-187 IN deep into enemy territory to establish site security for FARP SHELL. On 6 May, 2003 the entire Battalion moved to Baghdad International Airport.
The high operations tempo of the Battalion did not diminish with the official closing of combat operations in May 2003. 4th Battalion flew over 10,000 hours in support of TF Rakkasan, 159th AVN BDE, and the 101st Airborne Division with daily flights ranging as far south as Camp Doha, Kuwait, and far north as the Turkish border, as far west as the Syrian border and as far east as the Iranian border with northern Iraq.
The Battalion redeployed and began the execution of the Army's Transformation Campaign Plan for the 101st Airborne Division. The Battalion split from two 15 aircraft companies to three ten aircraft companies and divided the HHC into a HHC and FSC. In the winter of 2005, the Battalion gained an additional unit to its formation – the Pathfinder Co. These seven companies completed transformation and the final mission rehearsal exercise for their deployment to OIF 05-07 in October 2005.
4th Battalion's latest mission in Iraq has been nothing less than spectacular. Over 27,000 hours flown on more than 2,600 General Support and Air Assault combat missions, more than 150,000 passengers and 559 tons of equipment transported, and more than 2.5 million gallons of JP8 fuel pumped, all in support of Multi- National Corps Iraq and Multi- National Forces Iraq. The most significant statistic being that it has all been accomplished without loss of life or equipment.
The Wings of the Eagle Battalion's next Rendezvous with Destiny has yet to be determined but inevitably the battalion will continue its record of excellence as it writes its next page in history with the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault).
Unit Awards:
Presidential Unit Citation: 18-27 December 1944
Valorous Unit Award (W/1 OLC): 22-23 July 1970
Army Superior Unit Award: August 1983 to February 1984
SPC(P) Martinson, Derek A
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These are the ultimate maternity jeans. Soft, stretchy fabric for maximum comfort for skinny fit maternity jeans with over-bump waist panel to ensure they stay put. The dark blue denim is stylish and sophisticated and can be easily dressed up or down.


text:
Anti-ship missile, Japan's ambition for offensive capability
China Military Online
Chen Zhuo
A+-
An F-2 fighter jet is in a test flight carrying two ASM-3A supersonic air-to-ship missiles.
In the past month, Japan has taken constant moves on the research and development of anti-ship missiles by proposing plans to buy ASM-3A supersonic air-to-ship missiles, enhance the range of Type 12 surface-to-ship missiles and develop the stealth anti-ship missile with a shooting range of 2,000km. Eyeing the long shooting range and the supersonic/subsonic performance targeting both sea and land objects, Japan attempts to establish a new-generation anti-ship missile system, which reveals its ambition to break the confines of the "exclusively defense-oriented" policy and create an offensive combat system.
Japan will buy its first supersonic air-to-ship missile
On December 25, 2020, the Japanese Defense Ministry announced to include the new ASM-3A supersonic anti-ship missile procurement plan in the 2021FY national defense budget, saying this was the result of selecting new key equipment.
Japan's previous anti-ship missiles are all subsonic missiles whose defense penetration performance isn't outstanding. In 2010, the country began to develop air-launched supersonic anti-ship missiles code-named XASM-3, whose cruise speed exceeded Mach 3 thanks to the combination of the solid rocket booster and ramjet engine. Mounted on an F-2 fighter jet, the XASM-3 weighs 900kg and measures 5.52m in length, equipped with an active/passive radar seeker and a GPS system. To realize the 200km range, it has to contain more fuels, hence a larger size than other air-to-ship missiles of Japan.
The Japanese Self-defense Force (JSDF) planned to buy the XASM-3in the name of the ASM-3 air-to-ship missile in 2019, but postponed the plan in consideration of changes in the naval strengths of surrounding countries. Meanwhile, it upgraded the missile to extend its shooting range further. Since the upgrade cycle was too long, Tokyo launched the ASM-3A supersonic air-to-ship missile with limited modifications for mass production, but analysts said it wouldn't have marked performance enhancement.
Notwithstanding, ASM-3A is still the first supersonic air-to-ship missile commissioned in Japan, and it will improve the country's anti-ship missile defense penetration capability given its combat performance equivalent to that of same-type missiles in other countries.
Japan extended the range of surface-to-ship missiles
The Type 12 surface-to-ship missile is a truck-mounted land-based anti-ship missile developed by Japan's Mitsubishi Heavy Industries in 2012 and an upgrade of Type 88 surface-to-ship missile. It is launched from a six-barrel launcher.
The subsonic Type 12 surface-to-ship missile is 5m in length, 0.35m in diameter, and about 700kg in weight, with the maximal flying speed of Mach 0.9. Adopting combined guidance, the missile applies initial-course and mid-course inertial guidance and GPS guidance, with a strong landform matching ability.
After the missile is launched, it is able to detour along a preset route before heading to hit targets on the sea. It features a long capture distance, high guidance precision, and strong anti-jamming ability while also hitting small targets moving at high speed.
The shortcoming is that Type 12's shooting range is only 200km, and the actual working radius on the sea is even shorter, so it doesn't pose a severe threat to vessels or aircraft carrier fight groups. To address this, Japan has extended the missile's range in disguise.
At the moment, the ship-borne variant of Type 12 – the Type 17 ship-to-ship missile – is already in service, mounted on the Maya-class guided-missile destroyer and the Kumano guided-missile frigate with an extended shooting range of 400km. The air-launched variant is also under testing with the range extended to 300km, and the actual range will be longer, taking into account the carrier plane's flying range.
Moreover, the Japanese government at the end of last year decided to enhance the Type 12 missile's range to 900km and eventually to 1,500km, which will turn it into a land-targeting assault cruise missile that can hit military ports and warships there. But it's not easy to achieve such a long range, which is practically equivalent to developing a new missile.
Japan will develop a strategic cruise missile under the disguise of an anti-ship missile
Japan's Sankei Shimbun reported on December 29, 2020, that the Japanese government has put forth a development plan for a new type of anti-ship missile with the range of 2,000km. Called the Japanese version of Tomahawk, the new missile will be able to not only carry out anti-ship tasks, but also attack land targets. Public pictures show the new missile has a similar stealth appearance as America's JASSM and LRASM anti-ship missiles, but with a shooting range twice longer.
Technically speaking, the new-type anti-ship missile will be a sizeable subsonic missile featuring good stealth performance and high maneuverability. America's JASSM anti-ship missile, for example, weighs as much as 1.1 tons and carries warheads weighing up to 450kg, with a speed of Mach 0.95 and range of over 1,000km.
What Japan tries to achieve is a missile range of 2,000km with an equivalent warhead weight, so the missile will surpass JASSM in size and total weight and reach the class of Russia's Kalibr-NK strategic cruise missile, which is mounted on strategic bomber, surface vessel and submarine with a 6m length, 1.25-ton weight, 500kg warhead and 2,100km range.
When the country first began to design the new-type anti-ship missile, Japan made it clear it must be capable of attacking land targets, an undisguised revelation of its yearning for establishing strategic deterrence. It's safe to say that Japan wants to develop a strategic cruise missile in the name of a long-range anti-ship missile.
Sankei Shimbun reported that Japan intends to deploy the new missile on its southwestern islands for "island defense". With Okinawa-Jima in the center, the missile will cover China's southeastern coast and the entire Korean peninsula, which is far beyond Japan's defense demand and contravenes provisions in its Constitution of Peace.
The Japanese government recently decided to put off unlimitedly discussions about "the ability to attack enemy bases," but it is secretly making preparations to possess it. Kyodo News quoted a JSDF official as jeering that "which targets on earth would the missiles be hitting? If they were launched to attack the cities of another country, wouldn't that be a deviation from the 'exclusively defense-oriented' policy? Japan hasn't developed a mature strategy yet, but it's taking significant strides in developing military equipment."
Intelligentized Warfare Symposium held in Beijing
China, Russia hold 2nd joint aerial strategic patrol in Asia-Pacific
Chinese peacekeepers to South Sudan awarded top UNMISS commendation
Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site capable of high-density space launch
China and India hold 20th WMCC meeting on border affairs
U.S. side responsible for failed bilateral military meetings: spokesperson
Fighter jets participate in round-the-clock flight
Guided-missile frigates conduct training in South China Sea
Field maneuver training held in extremely cold weather
70th Anniversary of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea
75th victory anniversary of anti-Japanese war, WWII
China's paticipation in International Army Games 2020


text:
Heather Donahue
The Evil Dead and the Evil Dad: "Paranormal Activity" and "The Stepfather"
It's not often that you witness an image in a horror movie (or in any movie, really) that you instinctively recognize as iconic. The last one I can think of in the scare-flick genre would probably be Heather Donahue in The Blair Witch Project, with her wool cap, her nose running, and her mouth out of camera range as she videotapes a final, tearful apology. (Seeing that shot for the first time in 1999, you knew it was one that would endure - and be parodied ad nauseam.) But we now have a new addition to the Iconic Image Hall of Fame thanks to Paranormal Activity, which, like Blair Witch, was filmed on a shoestring budget, and which features a shot, like that of Donahue, that will no doubt be instantly identifiable for generations of horror-movie fans.
Funny Business: "Chicken Run," "Me, Myself, & Irene," and "Boys & Girls"
CHICKEN RUN
To discuss the numerous, simple joys of Chicken Run is to risk ruining what's great about the film; how beautifully it's underplayed, and how sly and gentle its considerable streak of humor is. Using Nick Park's miraculous Claymation, the film tells the story of a group of miserable, caged English chickens who are trying, in vain, to escape from their evil human captor (voiced by Miranda Richardson). Their days appear numbered until the arrival of Rocky (Mel Gibson), an American circus-escapee known for his "Flying Rooster" act. The chickens' hope is that he'll teach them to fly away to safety; Rocky's hope is that they won't discover he's a fraud.


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text:
New York Times bestselling author Jenna Bennett
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Inheriting her aunt's old Maine cottage has led Avery Baker down a new career path—home renovation. Finding a property's hidden potential has rewards and challenges—not to mention certain unanticipated dangers. Like murder…
When Avery and Derek take on the renovation of a decrepit 1783 center-chimney Colonial house on a remote island off the coast of Maine, they soon get more than they bargained for.
A grumpy thriller-writing neighbor, a mysterious animal that lives under th e porch, and the dead body of a young woman floating in the ocean between Rowanberry Island and Waterfield Harbor conspire to make this the most thrilling and dangerous renovation Avery has ever undertaken.
Derek aimed the boat towards a small cove and rocky beach and cut the engine. "There's our house. See it?"
I nodded. I did. It was big and square, positioned with its rear against a backdrop of dark pine trees and bare birches and oaks, getting closer every second as we drifted toward shore. The chimney had fallen in, there was a hole in the roof, more than half the windows were broken, and there wasn't a speck of paint left on the entire front of the house, the old planks faded to a silvery gray from the constant onslaught of wind, sun, and salt. I shuddered.
"Isn't she a beauty?" Derek said, and meant it. His entire attention was focused on the house, his eyes soft and dreamy, and his mouth curved in an adoring smile. Another woman might have felt a twinge of jealousy—I don't think Melissa had ever understood why he'd look at a run-down wreck of a house with more emotion than he ever showed her—but I've gotten used to it. It's no reflection of how he feels about me, it's just how he feels about old houses. It seemed a pity to disturb his no doubt beautiful dreams; however, I didn't have a choice.
"Derek? Look out. You're about to hit the dock. " Literally.
"Oops." His eyes came back into focus, and he made the necessary adjustments to bring the boat up alongside the decrepit-looking dock leaning into the water at a precarious angle. "Sorry about that."
"No problem. Is the dock safe, do you suppose?"
"I'm sure it is," Derek said, looping a rope around a pylon and bringing the boat to a rocking stop. He bounced out and onto the dock, which looked to me as if it could break into pieces under his booted feet at any moment. Miraculously, it held. "C'mon."
He reached down. I grabbed his hand and used the support to get to my feet, unsteadily. Growing up on the coast of Maine, Derek had been in and out of boats his entire life. I was born and raised in Manhattan, and the closest I'd ever gotten to a boat was the occasional trip on the Circle Line, when friends from away came to visit.
"Upsy-daisy." He lifted me onto the dock. Sometimes it's nice to be short. Especially when your boyfriend is a strapping six feet or so, and used to hauling lumber and other heavy objects. I tottered—just slightly on purpose; the dock was slippery and about as wobbly as it looked—and he put an arm around me to steady me. I leaned in. The puffy orange life west made cuddling less fun than usual, but his arm was nice and warm and solid through the wool sweater, and the brisk wind hadn't managed to eradicate his particular aroma: Ivory soap and shampoo mixed with paint thinner and sawdust. Mmmm!
All too soon he let me go, though, and turned to survey the house again.
I sighed. "You're more comfortable in the boat than I am. Why don't you hand the stuff up to me, and then we'll carry it to the house together."
"Sure." He tore his gaze away and went back into the boat. He lifted and I caught for a few minutes, and then we picked up what we could carry, and started across the meadow toward the house.
I'm not sure what the reason was; whether it was that this was the first time I'd seen the place clearly, in bright sunshine, since early November—and the light hadn't been that good then, with the fog and the rain—or whether it was because this was the first time I'd seen the house uncovered by snow while we owned it… but I was aware of a horrible sinking feeling in my stomach. Had it really always looked this bad? Or had the winter months and the snow done a number on the place so that it now needed another ten or twenty thousand dollars worth of work above and beyond what we had expected to put into it? Had the hole in the roof always been so big? Had there always been so many broken windows? And how was it possible that I hadn't noticed how the whole thing tilted to the right like something out of Dr. Seuss?!
"What?" Derek asked when I stopped dead in the middle of the grass, my eyes round. "You OK, Tink? You look like you're gonna faint."
"I feel like I'm going to faint," I said. "Did it always look this bad?"
He stared at it. For a long time, before he turned back to me. "Pretty much, yeah."
Copyright © 2022 New York Times bestselling author Jenna Bennett. All Rights Reserved. | Catch Responsive by Catch Themes


text:
book review / excerpt / fist of gods / frederick forsyth / novel
An exercpt from the Fist of God by Frederick Forsyth
by Karthik Murali October 14, 2006 October 3, 2020
All wars must teach lessons. If they do not do so, they were fought in vain and those who died in them did so for naught.
The Gulf War taught two clear lessons, if the powers have the wit to learn them.
The first is that it is madness for the thirty most industrially developed nations of the world, who dispose between them of ninety-five percent of high-tech weaponry and the means for its production, to sell these artifacts to the crazed, the aggressive, and the dangerous for short-term financial profit.
For a decade the regime of the Republic of Iraq was allowed to arm itself to a frightening level by a combination of political foolishness, bureaucratic blindness, and corporate greed. The eventual destruction, in part, of that war machine cost vastly more than its provision.
A recurrence could easily be prevented by the establishment of a central register of all exports to certainregimes, with draconian penalties for nondisclosure. Analysts able to examine the broad picture would soon see, by the type and quantity of materials ordered or delivered, whether weapons of mass destruction were in preparation.
The alternative will be a proliferation of high-tech weaponry that will make the years of the cold war seem like an age of peace and tranquillity.
The second lesson concerns the gathering of information. At the end of the cold war, many hoped this could safely be curbed. The reality shows the opposite.
During the 1970s and 1980s technical advances in the gathering of electronic and signals intelligence were so impressive that governments of the Free World were led to believe, as the scientists produced their expensive miracles, that machines alone could do the job. The role of "humint," the gathering of information by people, was downgraded.
In the Gulf War the full panoply of Western technical wizardry was brought to bear and, partly because of its impressive cost, presumed to be virtually infallible.
It was not. With a combination of skill, ingenuity, guile, and hard work, large parts of Iraq's arsenal and the means of its production had been hidden or so disguised that the machines could not see them.
The pilots flew with great courage and skill, but often they too were deceived by the cunning of those who had devised the replicas and the camouflage.
The fact that germ warfare, poison gas, or the nuclear possibility was never employed was, like the outcome of the Battle of Waterloo, "a damn close-run thing."
What became plain by the end was that for certain tasks in certain places, there is still no substitute for the oldest information-gathering device on earth: the human eyeball, Mark One.
Mortal Gods
September 7, 2007 October 3, 2020
How Opal Mehta Got Kissed,Got Wild and Got A New Life


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
[SINGAPORE] Budget and Itinerary
[SINGAPORE] Marina Bay Sands + Universal Studios
[SINGAPORE] Chinatown + Orchard + Clark Quay
Wicked (Mediacorp Vizpro)
Mamma Mia! (Lunchbox Theatrical)
中文 - Week 13 (New Practical Chinese Reader 1)
한국어 - WEEK 13 Korean 1 (Hankuk University of Forei...
日本語 - Week 13 (Contemporary Japanese Vol. 1)
EYEBALL: New Visions in Philippine Theater - Maliw...
Manila Kingpin: The Untold Story of Asiong Salonga
Enteng ng Ina Mo
Buenos propósitos/Resolutions
♣♣♣♣/♣♣♣♣♣
Nicasio "Asiong" Salonga (Jeorge Estregan Jr) makes a name for himself by forming a gang of his own, clashing with other gangs, and giving whatever is left of the loot they have shared among themselves to their neighbors in need. Their existence is tolerated by the system, as evidenced by various politicians trying to win their favor. Of course his wife Fidela (Carla Abellana) does not approve of the said lifestyle, as if her opinion mattered. Asiong will eventually piss someone off, and that someone is Totoy Golem (John Regala), the kingpin of the rival gang who hatches a plan to get rid of his new nemesis, slowly but surely. Welcome to 1950's Tondo! I'm so glad I'm in 2012. These gangs should all rot in hell.
The entire movie is in black and white, which makes everything seem more epic than it should be. Some dialogues and the way by which they are delivered are cheesy, although it would have been cool if we were in the 50's. It is still tolerable though and you forgive this because of the special effects which would make you rethink if it is indeed a Pinoy action movie you are watching. Most Filipinos would simply dismiss the good production values in lieu of the disbelief that we could ever produce an action movie oozing with excellence in terms of technical aspects. Could we really blame ourselves, though?
I grew up with the notion that a Filipino action movie has Cesar Montano in it. Everything begins with a choreographed chase scene in ancient Toyota Corollas. He is alone and a dozen men are chasing him, but somehow his gun kills them all. Somewhere along the dénouement Bayani Agbayani will appear to crack a non-sense joke, which would be followed by a playful hit on the head signaling the audience to laugh. In the end the beautiful leading lady is dragged into an abandoned warehouse where more gunfire ensues. The PNP will arrive late as usual. And they all live happily ever after. See you again in six months when we change locations and replace Sunshine Cruz with Dayanara Torres! Nostalgic.
In a way, Asiong uses the same template but has to modify some things due to the timeline. Instead of car chases, they ride "kalesas" while shooting each other. They also rob warehouses, but they shoot each other in slow motion. When they take it outside it would always be raining. Tikoy Aguiluz is really making a statement here with how he shot those scenes. In short, kinareer niya 'to. No wonder he is pissed off. I would love to see his version. Still, you would be satisfied with the visual aspects. It is the story that is kind of lacking. In fact, the fight scenes get repetitive after a while but you enjoy watching them anyway because of the way they are rendered onscreen.
I would never understand the violence involved in the way of life portrayed here. You have a world dominated by good-for-nothing bums who survive from day to day through their inherent preference for violence. And people laud them for it? WTF. And this person actually lived, and died at age 28. Rockstar lang? Some scenes seem like electoral campaign commercials though.
Estregan is an unknown name and face to the new generation and this automatically puts the film on a disadvantage. I only have a vague recollection of this guy as one of the goons in old action movies. However, to be fair to him he is not that bad. Erap is probably the peg, which is just apt since he apparently originated the role. The good thing? He benefits from the good ensemble acting with none other than Philip Salvador to back him up. Carla Abellana does not do much here but looks regal in black and white. The gang members are credible, what with casting Baron Geisler as a thug. John Regala is also okay as the rival kingpin, although I would have given the supporting actor award to Salvador instead, also for this movie.
Does this movie deserve all the awards it raked in at the recent festival? Yes. I would even go as far as to say that it also deserves the box office returns the reigning top two are enjoying at the moment. It is not a perfect film but among the entries this year, coming from someone who has seen six out of seven, I would say that this is the best among the bunch if every factor is taken into consideration.
WRITTEN BY: ihcahieh at 12:42:00 PM
CATEGORY: Filipino, Film


Your elder self is charging into winter. To be more exact, it's the hours that charge forward; I follow, slower and less certain. When the time comes, you'll find me less a comet and more like Riley, the chocolate Lab Retriever who lives next door. Grey-muzzled and slightly stiff, she still — charmingly, to me — strains at the leash when pointed towards the park, splendour and lavatory calling like sirens.
There were times I imagined myself a Nietzschean character, watching death do its dirty work—at least as it played out in ICUs and the dementia wards where ninety-year-old women played with dolls and screamed about concentration camps. But all I really managed was to keep my eyes open and take notes. I paid attention out of a shopworn sense of filial duty, exhausted curiosity, and because it dawned on me that there might be a vein worth mining in all this. Artists—I've imagined myself one of those too—can be monsters.
To paraphrase what Chuck Close said a long time ago: Photography is the easiest medium in which to become technically competent and the most difficult medium in which to develop a personal vision.
When I look at these six images I see different things. I see the human face of time and its juxtapositions, that what looks and feels like a long life is a cipher. I see what looks like a man's destiny and feels like a tragedy, emerging from a life left in more ways than one. I see a boy, a man, looking, for something. I wanted to see, he said. But what?
I don't see my view as dark. It's the world that's dark. Not always, but when it is, and when it slams into you and yours, it's transformative.
A couple of years after finding the photos of my mother, I found more old photographs—small beaten up prints. They show me as a child, maybe four years old, standing naked in a bathtub. My father—it must have been my father—had taken them over half a century ago.


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text:
5 Potential Landing Spots For Ray Rice
Ray Rice is eligible to sign with any team, but which club is willing to take a shot on an embattled back on the decline?
Sam Spiegelman
Sam Spiegelman is a native New Yorker covering sports in New Orleans. He likes Game of Thrones way too much. Tweet him @samspiegs.
Latest posts by Sam Spiegelman (see all)
XN Sports NFL Mock Draft 4.0 - Apr 10, 2015
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Manziel, RGIII Among 6 NFL Players Facing A Make-Or-Break 2015 Season - Apr 6, 2015
Embattled running back Ray Rice won his appeal Friday following an indefinite suspension handed down to him by Commissioner Roger Goodell, and now he's eligible to return to the NFL … that is, as long as a team is willing to sign him.
There are two looming factors that will determine whether or not Rice returns to a team in 2014. Prior to the suspension, there were already concerns about the back's effectiveness following a disappointing 2013 campaign. And of course, second is the fact that he's endured a lot of trouble and negative publicity for his actions away from the field, which could deter some organizations from bringing him on board.
If a team does take a chance on Rice, it will likely be for depth purposes, not to make him a featured back right away. Here are five teams battling for the playoffs that may consider signing Rice:
1. Indianapolis Colts
The Colts are far and away the team in most need of help at the running back position. With Ahmad Bradshaw on the shelf for the remainder of the year, the workload is split between Dan Herron and the all-too-ineffective Trent Richardson.
Herron is a young, inexperienced back, and while he's seizing the opportunity at hand, it couldn't hurt to add a veteran with plenty of postseason experience to the mix. Either way, the Colts reportedly put in a waiver claim on Ben Tate, which indicates they must be hesitant about leaving the bulk of the work in Herron's hands.
Chuck Pagano was with Baltimore while Rice was a star there, so he likely already has a solid relationship in place with the back. Indianapolis is one of the most highly regarded NFL organizations, so if there was such a thing as second chances, it could definitely happen with the Colts.
2. Arizona Cardinals
Andre Ellington is the perfect fit for Bruce Arians' spread offensive attack, but with Drew Stanton now at the helm, it couldn't hurt to beef up the Cardinals' rushing attack.
Behind Ellington, who is a tad on the injury prone side, is Stepfan Taylor, a cat named Marion Grice, and Michael Bush, who signed with the team earlier this week. None of those backups appear to be adequate fill-ins should Ellington go down with an injury, and even the '13 version of Rice is an upgrade.
Like the Colts, Arizona was also reportedly in the mix for Tate once he was released by the Browns. They are looking for help in the backfield.
3. Pittsburgh Steelers
After a six-year career in Baltimore, could you imagine Rice switching over to the Black and Yellow?
Rice has rushed for more than 600 yards and three touchdowns in his career against the Steelers while with their AFC North rivals, so they are well aware of what he's capable of. And with LeGarrette Blount now out of town and in a Patriots uniform, the team could afford to add some depth behind Le'Veon Bell.
The Steelers are still vying for a division crown and remain very much alive in the Wild Card hunt, and Rice's playoff experience could serve the team well, even if he's reduced to merely a mentor for Bell, the second-year pro.
4. Miami Dolphins
Lamar Miller has been a fantastic surprise for the upstart Dolphins this season, as the second-year running back has started to come into his own under first-year offensive coordinator Bill Lazor. However, Miller has been slowed down by a knee injury over the past couple of weeks, and as a result the offense has had to see increased touches for Damien Williams and Daniel Thomas.
Rice could held pad the Dolphins' depth until Miller is 100 percent healthy, and he could provide a veteran presence on a team that's aiming to nab one of the two Wild Card spots in the AFC.
5. Denver Broncos
This may come as a surprise as Denver is just a week removed from its best rushing performance of the season. But then again, can C.J. Anderson be counted on to be the Broncos' workhorse for the remainder of the season and into the playoffs?
There's no question Montee Ball was disappointing early on as he tried to take over where Knowshon Moreno left off. Now he's sidelined due to a groin injury for a second time, and there's no guarantee when he'll be healthy or if he'll be effective upon his return.
Ronnie Hillman filled in admirably for Ball, but a foot injury is nagging him and could keep him on the sidelines for another month. Like Ball, there's no knowing how effective Hillman will be when he does return.
For a team with as much as stake as the Broncos, it doesn't make sense to leave the running game in the hands of Anderson and Juwan Thompson. Playing alongside Peyton Manning will be a relief for Rice.
Related TopicsfRay Rice
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text:
Akashili Blames First Bank's Slump On Poor Blending
First Bank female basketball club of Lagos captain, Nkechi Akashili has blamed the team's slump to third spot at the Africa Women Club Champions Cup on the late arrival of their foreign-based players for the competition in Maputo, Mozambique.
Although the team appeared to do well until they lost in the semi-finals, and eventually had to settle for bronze, Akashili disclosed that the late arrivals could not blend properly with the other players and their level of understanding was not good enough.
However, Akashili acknowledged she was grateful that they eventually won bronze, as The Elephant Girls defeated Vita Club of Congo 93-69 in the losers' final.
The Nigerian champions played better than in their semi final loss to hosts' team, Ferroviario and looked solid even when they trailed after the end of the first quarter which ended 21-14.
The other quarters ended 9-27, 22-23, 17-29 for a cumulative score of 69-93 in favour of First Bank to finish third, just as they did last year in Angola beating Inter Club.
Once again, Jasmine Nwajei led the floor with 23 points, Akashili added 15 points, Cecilia Okoye and Nkem Akaraiwe had 11 points respectively, while Malaika Nyree Green contributed 10 points.
For the Congolese, Ortice Kabobo Haongi led her team in scoring with 17 points, Marlene Ngobeleza who lasted the entire game added 16 points, while Gracia Mawano Nguz and Alliance Ndiba contributed 13 and 12 points respectively.
The Congolese reduced the deficit to eight points early in the fourth quarter but the Nigerians who were bent on redeeming themselves after their poor performance in the semi final against the hosts.
They seized the initiative and went on a scoring run which extinguished the fire in the Congolese.
Afterwards, Akashili stated that third place games are very difficult to play and commended her teammates for putting in their best despite the semi final disappointment.
She, however, said bringing in the foreign-based players at the venue of the competition did not help the team.
Akashili stressed: "We had the chance of winning the championship with the calibre of players in the team.
"The pros joined us in Maputo and did not understand our play. So it is necessary to bring them in early for the next championship."
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text:
CHANGE REGION Central AsiaSub-Saharan AfricaMiddle East and North AfricaRussia, Ukraine and Belarus (now closed)South CaucasusSouth Asia
Women in the criminal justice system
While the rate of imprisonment in India is comparatively low by global standards at 30 per 100,000, the rate of pre-trial detention is particularly high with 67% of detainees awaiting trial. The same is true of pre-trial detention in Pakistan with pre-trial detainees making up 69% of the prison population and in Bangladesh 73.8%.
Prisons in all three countries are severely overcrowded. India's prison system is operating at 117% of its capacity, Bangladesh at 201% and Pakistan at 171%, according to the latest figures from the World Prison Brief. The Human Rights Commission in Pakistan reported in 2014, for example, that in some prisons 'a few convicts had to stand while the others slept or prisoners could not access the washroom in the night because sleeping prisoners covered the entire barrack floor'.
While there is a trend towards rehabilitative models of justice, non-custodial alternatives are still rarely applied and there are huge challenges to implementation.
We work with local civil society partners and prison, probation and police officials as well as the judiciary to promote non-custodial measures and good prison management.
We conduct and publish research, including reports on alternatives to imprisonment in Pakistan and in Bangladesh, and work with criminal justice stakeholders to take its recommendations forward.
We promote good practice and share expertise on alternatives to imprisonment within the region.
We provide training for prison managers on international standards and good practice, and for criminal justice professionals on developing and implementing alternative measures.
Indian prison officers tour the UK prison system


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