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Emma Coppolo, A&E editor | December 7, 2022
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Audiences 'reflect' on body image in new Disney+ short
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MU Theatre presents one of America's most famous plays
Nadine Fox, Staff writer
The Mercyhurst Theatre Pro- gram celebrates the 125th anniversary of playwright Thornton Wilder's birth with a production of his masterpiece, "Our Town," Dec. 1-3, in Taylor Little Theatre. There...
Bookstore offers great holiday deal
Eva Mihelich, News editor
The holiday season is finally here, and with the season comes the great joy - and stress - of gift giving. The Mercyhurst Bookstore has you covered. The Bookstore is offering a generous 20% off sale...
PA approves $1 million dollar fund for Julia House
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Pennsylvania has recently approved $1 million in funding for Julia House in an effort to ameliorate health care options for individuals suffering from serious illnesses in the Commonwealth. Julia Hospice...
Are Twitter's days coming to an end?
Bella Lee, Staff writer
Twitter is a social media giant that has been around since 2006. It has seen the rise and fall of social media platforms such as Myspace, as well as the rise and continued growth of social media platforms...
New animals find a home at the Erie Zoo
Eva Philips, Staff writer
The Erie Zoo is one of the most popular attractions in the area, and its recent addition of several new animals makes it even more appealing for visitors of all ages. The Erie Zoo acquired a female...
Erie company shows support for Ukraine
Erie based shipping and logistics company, Logistics Plus, recently opened a brand new office in the port city of Gdansk, Poland. Gretchen Seth currently works for Logistics Plus. When asked why he chose...
December 7, 2022 • No Comments
The latest episode of the Lak-er Student Media "What's the Scoop?" podcast covered an important...
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On Nov. 9 from 7:30 to 9:00 p.m. in the Mercy Heritage room the History department and the Evelyn Lincoln...
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Women's basketball splits two games December 8, 2022
FIFA World Cup continues in full force December 7, 2022
World Cup returns after four years in Qatar December 1, 2022
The Merciad: Digital Version
Check out this week's issue of the Merciad:
https://issuu.com/themerciad
/docs/09_merciad_1207
Emma Coppolo, A&E editor
In recent years, "Saturday Night Live" has been trending downward. The shift in cultural appreciation of the show can be attributed to many factors, especially the heavy...
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Feinstein pays tribute to Judy Garland
On Oct. 26, in another spectacular concert courtesy of MIAC, members of the Mercyhurst com-munity had the opportunity to witness musical virtuoso Michael Feinstein celebrate...
Nostalgia Nook: Playground Shenanigans
Samantha Weber, Editor-in-chief
If you ask any child what their favorite part of the school day was, they will most likely say recess. This was definitely one of my favorite parts of the day because it gave...
Hurst Hot Take: Gilmore Girls is the ultimate comfort show for the colder autumn days
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Nostalgia Nook: School lunch memories
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It's Wednesday again and you know what time is! It's #WCW. Yes, that's Woman Crush Wednesday!
It's about time we paused from the busy hustle called life, to shine a spotlight on all the amazing things women are doing, creating and building in this world!
So on #WCW you can expect to have some real, honest I See You Moments! I See You® Candle and wishes to follow!
Today's I See You® blog features the multi-talented Tiffany Perkins of Nashville, Tennessee.
We had the pleasure of meeting Tiffany through Instagram but did not realize that she was the founder and creator of the many platforms we are already fans of. A few DMs back and forth led to an amazing phone call about her upcoming event, Black Women in Creative Spaces.
As we discussed the details of this event, I knew we needed to know more about Tiffany when she said she wanted to create an event that represented women like her.
She candidly shared that she's gone to many workshops and panels, but often black women were rarely present or represented in these forums.
After reflecting about this she decided to create the Black Women in Creative Spaces event that will be held in Nashville on March 2, 2019.
Say What? Yes! Yes, you read that right! This amazing woman went out and created AN EVENT herself!
Mind you, she didn't just create any event. She has created a day with multiple panels featuring 15 inspiring women with diverse experiences in creative spaces, while making the time for breakout activities, shopping and networking!!!!
We believe equal representation is crucial. EVERYONE MUST have a seat at the table.
What Tiffany is doing, is not only pulling up a chair to the proverbial table, she's building the table and the room for everyone to participate in.
We say YES GIRL! And then we ask How Can We Help?
That's easy! For those of us in Nashville, we can all help by attending her Black Women in Creative Spaces event and seizing the opportunity to learn from what these 15 amazing women have to share from their varying experiences, industries and expertise.
Through Tiffany's blogging experience she has been able to create a platform and a following that trusts her expertise and values her candor. She is a feminist. She is a Womanist. She is a truth speaker!
These are just a few of the many reasons we are so excited for this week's #WCW I See You® blog. Enjoy learning a little bit more about Tiffany.
What or who inspired you to create your blog and side hustles? Tell us more!
I have a few side hustles, all of which I'd say have all been inspired by creative desires and entrepreneurship as a whole. When I feel myself in need of things, I like to create them. I blog with a good friend of mine at tiffandcoco.com. That is where I'm my truest self in digital form.
Not being in the same city as Co anymore led me to seek a blogging community. When I wasn't finding what I needed, I created the Nashville Blogging Collective. I've tried to use that as a resource for bloggers who are looking to grow and create longevity in the industry.
You can throw a rock (in Nashville) and find blogger events and parties, so I try to focus on education and hosting events with a clear focus.
When I'm not blogging I'm creating things or events. Grandma's Charm is my craft and event decor business. Crafting and art have always been "coping skills" for me, so transitioning them from hobby to business has been a blessing.
So hands down my Nana has always seen me. She supports me like no other person in this world, and always reminds me to see myself. I also have a super amazing tribe including my family and my best friends Amber, Deven, Sharese, and Joy.
To me, it means to see my soul and understand my heart. I'm very prideful and sometimes that can get in the way of me letting my guard down and letting people in. So, when people actually see me it means a lot, because I know they've had to do a little work.
Have a hobby. Life can get tough and be fast paced. Having a hobby is "me time". I think it's so important to carve out time regularly to do things that you enjoy simple for the sake of doing them.
We get caught up in monetary value a lot and that can take the fun out of so many things. Hobbies are things you do because they make your heart happy.
Growing up, did you play an instrument and/or did you participate in any organized sports, clubs or volunteer programs? How do you think these activities helped shape you as a person?
Growing up I did everything. I played basketball from elementary to middle school and my freshman year of high school. The rest of high school I played varsity tennis. I was in the yearbook club and my senior year was yearbook editor.
I've always volunteered and was in 4-H. I was the president of my class in high school. My parents put me in this weekly program where I learned French and the Pythagorean theorem in the 3rd grade! In college I worked with Big Brothers Big Sisters as an event and media intern. I always found ways to come back home and do different volunteer work with programs at my high school.
I appreciate my parents for giving me the space to live how I wanted and try things. I think this has helped shape me as a person by making me outgoing. It also keeps me moving. I'm always looking for new things to do and new ways to be excited.
Wow, so a few things. 1. Don't let other people decide your value. 2. Don't dim your light to accommodate other people. 3. Invest in people who bring out the good in you and let go of people who aren't positive.
What's one piece of advice you'd give someone thinking about starting their own company or side hustle?
Be intentional. Starting anything can be fun but knowing why you are doing it will help you find long term success and push through in days when it isn't fun anymore.
Tiffany, we SEE you! We see your heart and desire to use your voice and talents to positively impact our community. You are a builder, a creator. We celebrate you and all that you're manifesting.
You can help Tiffany by supporting her platforms and spreading her message.
For more information about tickets to her upcoming event, Black Women in Creative Spaces, check out it's BWICS Instagram and website.
Don't forget to show her some support by following her on her Grandma's Charm page, Nashville Bloggers Instagram, and her personal Instagram page.
You can find more details about this amazing woman and her many talents on her website at https://tiffandcoco.com/ and her Nashville Bloggers Collective site.
We hope people like Tiffany inspire you and motivate you to create more and more #iseeyoumoments with the I See You® Candle!


The mixed cost, are composed of both fixed and variable elements. The fixed part of represents a cost of capacity, while the variable elements is influenced by change in activity. For budgeting purposes, mixed costs must be broken down into their fixed amount of fixed costs and the proportion to to total changes in output/volume can be worked out. That is, the fixed costs remain constant regardless of activity, but the variable portion is assumed to change in direct proportion to change labor hours, labor costs, machine hours, material costs, material quantity, and so on.
The main element in the construction of a flexible budget have been outlined above. To summaries, a flexible budget in series of fixed budget and an increase or decrease (any change) in the level/volume of activity must be reflected in it. Each expense in each department/segment is to be categories into fixed, variable and mixed components. A budget may be prepared at the expected level of 100 per cent of capacity. Additional columns may then be added for costs below and above 100 per cent, say, 90 per cent and 110 per cent.


The icy weather created an unavoidable and late production change affecting our distributors in the Killeen area, preventing delivery of Saturday's American-Statesman to subscribers in the Killeen area. Saturday's edition will be delivered along with the Sunday edition.
Subscribers can read the Saturday edition via the ePaper at statesman.com/today.


Complete with a transparent and insightful clarification of the necessities for and advantages of buying the U.S. eco-friendly construction Council's LEED certification, Advanced construction applied sciences for Sustainability is a crucial source for architects, engineers, builders, and contractors all for sustainable initiatives utilizing complicated technologies.
Photovoltaics is likely one of the such a lot promising applied sciences for worldwide power construction within the context of the strength trouble and weather switch. Photovoltaic modules at the moment are on hand in one of these wide variety of types that just about all the traditional fl at components of constructions could be supplied with photovoltaic services.
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Indoor environment: The indoor environment is improved by contaminant control and ventilation effectiveness in displacement systems. Both benefits are due to the physics of the operating principle of displacement systems. Conventional air distribution systems, also known as mixed-air systems, lack these benefits because of their air delivery methodology. a. Contaminant levels: Contaminants generated at the floor level, from copy machines or occupants, directly rise along with the displaced air to the ceiling and into the return air grilles.
The Earth's surface temperature is maintained from the cycle of radiation of heat inward during the day and outward during the night. There is no medium such as air to transfer this heat. The radiant energy travels in electromagnetic waves, some of which are visible to our eye and others are not visible. Sunbathing in cold weather is a good example of radiant heating. The sunbather feels comfortable at a colder temperature due to the radiation from the sun. Similarly, in summer, when the outdoor air temperature is high at 90°F, one standing under the shade of a tree feels cooler than the temperature of the air.
Radiant cooling is generally a water-based system. However, there are technologies where hot or cold air is circulated through hollow concrete slabs, which are heated or cooled and radiate energy out. In the case of hollow concrete slabs, the slabs also act as a medium to store heat, leading to thermal energy storage. In a radiant cooling system the radiant surface, or slab, generally does not store heat. In a water-based system, water is the medium that is used to transfer heat from the space to the outdoors, where it is rejected.


Business Insurance is the authoritative news and information source for executives concerned about risk and the impact on their business. With information for risk managers, insurers, brokers and other providers of insurance products and services, Business Insurance delivers in-depth analysis on new and emerging risks, case studies of successful programs & market intelligence on trends.
Employers will likely have an easier time combating claims of Title VII sexual orientation discrimination in front of a high court without Justice Anthony Kennedy, but he took more conservative positions on other key labor and employment issues, experts say.
Validus Specialty Underwriting Services Inc. has recruited Bob Eells from XL Group to be senior vice president and chief operating officer of Validus Specialty, Western World Insurance Group and Crop Risk Services, the insurer said in a statement Thursday.
Lockton Cos. L.L.C. reported $1.57 billion in revenue for fiscal year 2018, a 9.9% increase over fiscal year 2017, the Kansas City, Missouri-based broker said Thursday.
Acend Inc., doing business as REIN, has launched DroneInsurance.com., its first digital portal designed to allow commercial drone operators to safeguard their business and self-manage coverage online, the company said in a statement Thursday.
A child's death caused by an apartment management company employee shooting — and encouraging others to shoot — a handgun was the result of gross negligence, said a federal appeals court in overturning a lower court decision in an insurance coverage dispute.
Total workers compensation insurer combined losses and expenses incurred in 2017 were $16.2 billion, or 91% of calendar year premium, compared with $16.9 billion, or 94% of calendar year premium, in 2016, the Oakland, California-based Workers' Compensation Insurance Rating Bureau reported Tuesday.
AssuredPartners Inc. on Thursday said it has acquired London-based B&W Brokers Ltd.
A federal appeals court has overturned a lower court ruling and held that Uber Technologies Inc. cannot compel plaintiffs in a putative class action suit to arbitrate their claims because the arbitration agreement provided during its registration process was inconspicuous.


2,585 +/- Acres located between Charlotte and Columbia in Fairfield County, SC. This property is roughly 5 miles east of Winnsboro and offers endless opportunities. Currently the property is zoned B-2 and is just minutes from exit 46 on I77 on Camp Welfare Rd. The property is currently used as a recreational park that includes miles of ATV and Horseback trails, a welcome center and many other buildings and improvements. Timber has been managed and maps available upon request. Suitable uses may include investment, recreation, conservation, mitigation, and any allowable use under B-2 zoning.


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Melchior Lotter der Ältere, auch Lotther, (* 1470 in Aue; † 1. Februar 1549 in Leipzig) war ein deutscher Buchdrucker und Verleger.

Leben und Werk

Melchior Lotter d. Ä. erlernte bei Konrad Kachelofen, einem der ersten Drucker Leipzigs, den Beruf des Buchdruckers (Hochdruck) und wurde zunächst sein Gehilfe. Er heiratete später dessen Tochter und erhielt 1498 das Leipziger Bürgerrecht. Bis etwa 1500 firmierten beide Drucker gemeinsam, anschließend übernahm Lotter die Offizin seines Schwiegervaters Konrad Kachelofen. Der erste sicher nachweisbare Druck unter Lotters Namen stammt von 1491. Bis Ende des 15. Jahrhunderts druckte und verlegte Lotter in lateinischer Sprache klassische Schul- und Studientexte sowie Schriften theologischen Charakters, die typographisch von besonderer Qualität waren. Ab 1500 herum kamen inhaltlich zunehmend Werke des Frühhumanismus hinzu. So stand Leipzig um 1500 mit seinen 11 Druckereien an der Spitze der deutschen Frühdruckorte. Ein wichtiger Auftraggeber für die Druckereien war der Universitätsbetrieb.

Lotter erkannte die zu jener Zeit wachsende Buchproduktion, stellte sich produktionstechnisch darauf ein und wurde ab 1500 zu einem der bedeutendsten Druckern (Hochdruck) Leipzigs. Er war bis 1537 auch als Sortimentsbuchhändler erfolgreich.

Nachdem er Martin Luther begegnet war, druckte er nach 1517 zahlreiche seiner Reformationsschriften, darunter die 95 Thesen. Während der Leipziger Disputation nahm er die Vertreter der Reformation in seinem Haus in der Hainstraße auf.

In Wittenberg gründete Lotter 1519 eine Zweigniederlassung, deren Leitung er seinen Söhnen Melchior und Michael übertrug. Es war dort der zweite Druckereibetrieb nach Johann Rhau-Grunenbergs Druckerei im Augustinerkloster.
In Leipzig hatten sich zum Beginn des 16. Jahrhunderts vier Druckereien etabliert, Wolfgang Stöckel, Jacob Thanner, Martin Landsberg und die Offizin Konrad Kachelofens, die um 1500 von Melchior Lotter übernommen wurde. Die Lottersche Druckerei wies eine etwas höhere Produktionsrate auf als die anderen drei Druckereihandwerker, von denen Landsberg und Stöckel etwa gleichauf lagen und Thanner den geringsten Ausstoß hatte.

Literatur

 Thomas Thibault Döring: Leipziger Buchkultur um 1500. Katalog zur gleichnamigen Ausstellung in der Bibliotheca Albertina Leipzig vom 19. April bis 22. Juli 2012, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig 2012, ISBN  978-3-86583-675-5
 Stefan Oehmig (Hrsg.): Buchdruck und Buchkultur im Wittenberg der Reformationszeit. Bd. 21, Schriften der Stiftung Luthergedenkstätten in Sachsen-Anhalt, Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2015, ISBN 978-3-374-04078-0, Textauszug

 Enno Bünz (Hrsg.): Bücher, Drucker, Bibliotheken in Mitteldeutschland. Neue Forschungen zur Kommunikations- und Mediengeschichte um 1500. Leipziger Universitätsverlag, Leipzig 2006. ISBN 3-865-83120-6. S. 88 u.ö.

Weblinks

 Drucke von Melchior Lotter d. Ä. im Katalog der Universität- und Landesbibliothek Halle
 Drucke von Melchior Lotter dem Älteren im Katalog der VD 16, bei Eingabe Alle Felder – Lotter Leipzig

Einzelnachweise

Inkunabeldrucker
Verleger (16. Jahrhundert)
Buchdrucker (Leipzig)
Person um Martin Luther
Deutscher
Geboren 1470
Gestorben 1549
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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What is the next great Orioles team going to look like?
The Orioles gave us some fun times for a while this year. What will they look like when they're even better than this?
By Mark Brown Sep 22, 2022, 11:00am EDT
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Austin Hays and Anthony Santander don't seem like they'll both be part of the next great Orioles team.
Photo by Bob Levey/Getty Images
Ever since the 2018 Orioles saw their hopes evaporate before they even got out of the month of April, the biggest question there was for fans of the team was simple: When are these guys going to be good again?
To the surprise of just about everyone's preseason expectations for the team, the 2022 squad gave us three good months in June, July, and August. They were fun months! No one should lose sight of that. What we're also seeing here in September that three good months isn't good enough. To get anywhere that matters, it takes something better than this.
The good news is, for the first time since the losing started, we can all start to believe that a lot of pieces are in place for a great Orioles team. They are keeping themselves in the Astros rebuild blueprint, as long as you're willing to discount the 2020 pandemic-disrupted season. The 2022 O's are like the 2014 Astros, who won 70 games after winning 51 in the 2013 season. The Orioles, as you know, are already better than that even if they collapse and are unable to get over .500 for this season. Staying on that path means a wild card berth next year.
The next step from here no longer feels like an impossible leap. It's not guaranteed that the Orioles will be able to make the next step, but you're not an idiot for believing in it. What the Orioles front office is going to have to do is figure out who are the real keepers for a contending window on the current roster, which prospects can be plugged in, and where they can make significant upgrades either by trade or by free agent signings. If they do it right, this could happen as soon as next year.
When the Orioles are great enough to make it into the postseason and hopefully contend for the division title until deep into the season - or maybe even win it - what will that team look like?
C - Adley Rutschman
1B - Ryan Mountcastle
2B - Ramón Urías
SS - Jorge Mateo
3B - Gunnar Henderson
Waiting in the wings: Whoever doesn't get traded out of Jordan Westburg, Joey Ortiz, and Connor Norby
Among the decisions that will have to be made in assembling the next great Orioles team are two will-they-or-won't-they questions about current infielders. Is Ramón Urías good enough to stick around? Is Mountcastle?
If you go by bWAR, Urías is the second-most valuable Oriole this season, behind only Rutschman. He rates very well in defense at third base on Statcast measures, including a 93rd percentile for Outs Above Average. Can he do as well if you put him at second base, where his bat, though currently below league average, would be an improvement over Rougned Odor's and roughly in line with league-wide performance at the position?
I'm inclined to find out if the answer is yes. Those who've been imagining the Orioles signing Carlos Correa might have a different answer. Others who are optimistic about the Westburg/Ortiz/Norby trio might like to see one of those guys in Baltimore right away, with Urías in kind of a "utility infielder, except he's good enough that you can play him more often" role. The Orioles do need some guys on the bench where it doesn't feel like a forfeit lineup if they make a start. This applies to the backup catcher role as well.
Mountcastle is another guy here where the Orioles will have to be unsentimental in thinking about him. A team that wants to win 90+ games needs better from its first baseman than the .243/.295/.424 batting line Mountcastle has mustered to date. He rates much better than this in the Statcast x-stats - expected performance based on batted ball quality. 89th percentile xBA, 97th percentile xSLG. If those were his real numbers, he would be in the elite ranks of hitters. They aren't, of course.
How much is bad luck and how much is Walltimore? Bad luck might improve. Infield defense is about to change with the new anti-shifting rules, even if it's more likely to change for lefty batters than righties like Mountcastle. The wall is here to stay, and even if you did want to blame the wall, Mountcastle has an OPS that's 45 points better at home compared to on the road.
I'm leaving Mountcastle here because I'm not excited by any of the first base free agent options, don't see any prospects who immediately fit here, and if the Orioles are going to improve the roster by trade, I think they shouldn't use their prospect capital to acquire a first baseman. We might as well give him 2023 to see if it's bad luck. If he doesn't start performing closer to those x-stats and the Orioles are contending, he should be a candidate to be replaced midseason.
Henderson and Rutschman require no explanation based on what they've done this year. Mateo's defense and speed do enough to make him a solid shortstop even though his overall batting numbers are subpar.
LF - Kyle Stowers (first half audition), Colton Cowser (second half)
CF - Cedric Mullins
RF - Free agent or trade
Bench - Ryan McKenna
Here we have another area where the Orioles will have to decide who is up to snuff to push them to greatness. The will-they-or-won't-they applies also to Hays and Santander.
In contrast to Mountcastle, there's nothing much on Hays's Statcast page to make you think he's had bad luck and deserves better this season. He is hitting at absolute best, average. His defense has really taken a dive in this metric, although I wonder how much of that is affected by Outs Above Average not knowing what to make of the new wall in its first year of existence. His second half split in particular is atrocious: .207/.276/.323. Maybe he's been playing hurt since July, or maybe when he plays a full season, this is about as good as he can do.
If Hays isn't part of the answer, what to do with him is tricky. Sending a player to the minors who's just hitting his first arbitration season after being worth 5.5 bWAR over the last three seasons seems untenable. A trade would be a tough sell unless paired with moves that are obvious upgrades to the roster. Plus, other teams would be seeing everything we're seeing about Hays; if you think he sucks, other front offices would too. So it's a bit of a hand-wave to have him out of the picture.
I'm letting Stowers rip for a couple of months to see if he's got the "it." If he doesn't, and the way the Orioles are treating him in 2022 does suggest perhaps they already think this, there are many other Orioles outfield prospects on the march, though only Cowser seems to have plausible chance based on current trajectory to ascend by, say, July of next year.
Santander shifts to be mostly a designated hitter in my imagined great Orioles team. Neither the eye test nor the publicly available defensive metrics are kind to him. He simply does not have the speed to be even an average defender out there. Even this comes with its problems, as he doesn't really hit enough to be excited about him as a DH.
There are two more seasons before Santander's a free agent. He might be the kind of player the O's, entering a good period, should keep until he can sign anywhere he wants, then wish him well and move on with one or more prospects hopefully ready to displace someone else to DH.
Starting rotation
Free agent or trade pitcher
Grayson Rodriguez
Two of the following: Tyler Wells, Dean Kremer, Austin Voth, Kyle Bradish, DL Hall. Second half/depth options: Drew Rom, John Means (after recovery), some minor league contract signing
The next Orioles team that aspires to be great needs to do better than what we've seen from Jordan Lyles overall in its starting rotation if it wants to reach that greatness. I appreciate his complete game last night.
Although the Orioles have had some good pitching at times from members of their 2022 rotation, they arrive at season's end with zero pitchers who've spent the whole year in the rotation and have pitched better than average. Kremer has done well in 2/3 of a season's worth of starts; the same is true of Voth with about a half season worth of starts.
Bradish has had a good second half, though his overall numbers for the year are poor. Wells has had some positives this year, but he's only pitched at least six innings in five of 23 starts and after Monday's clunker is a below-average pitcher for the season. Hall is in this group because I'm not counting him as a sure thing for the rotation until he stops walking so many dudes.
A winner's rotation probably does not contain all of those guys. It might contain the best two of them. The Orioles would have to figure out what to do about the others. They could drop into the bullpen, or to the minors, or both. Of the five guys listed, only Voth could not be optioned to the minors in 2023.
Rodriguez's inclusion on his own line requires no further explanation. One of the great shames of 2022 is that he suffered the lat injury and we didn't get to see him unleashed as part of the great Orioles summer we just experienced. It might have been even greater.
For me, the starting rotation is where we're going to find out how much Mike Elias really meant it when he talked about "significantly escalating the payroll" this coming offseason. They need to go out and get the big money pitcher that Dan Duquette never was able or willing to land, and then they need to be correct that the dude they sign can help them out over the length of the contract, which Duquette was also never able to do with his mid-market adventures.
This is where you can really dream big, if you can talk yourself into thinking a top-flight starting pitcher might actually come to Baltimore now that the team is heading towards respectability and has the left field wall dragging down righty batters. Jacob deGrom is expected to opt out and become a free agent. Justin Verlander is likely to decline his player option. Carlos Rodón seems headed for an opt out as well. They bring different amounts of age and injury risk. They will cost a lot of money. They are all great this year.
Even the wild dreams aren't going to get two of these pitchers into the Orioles rotation. I think they need another one. That could be a starting pitcher that they could acquire in trade, a guy with 2-3 seasons left before free agency that a bad team is willing to dump as his arbitration number increases. Miami's Pablo López is one idea of a target here. If Elias likes what he sees internationally, Japanese pitcher Koudai Senga is expected to explore MLB free agency this winter and might be a player to consider as well.
I've been writing an article like this each year as the season winds down since 2018. The question has morphed over time as the Orioles chances of medium-term success have changed. My philosophy all along has been not to worry about the bullpen, that when the Orioles are good, they'll figure it out.
The 2022 bullpen sure seems like good support for this philosophy. Elias shook up the bullpen by trading Cole Sulser and Tanner Scott in the final days before the season. This had the benefit of opening up roster spots and opportunities for other players. Jorge López had such a great run as the closer that he got traded.
Félix Bautista, Cionel Pérez, and Dillon Tate look like late-inning keepers. Keegan Akin, Bryan Baker, and Joey Krehbiel have had interesting moments. And that's not even getting into having someone like Bradish or Hall potentially bounce down into the mix. It will be good to keep assembling depth here, because reliever volatility being what it is, odds are at least one of these pitchers will get hurt or suck next year.
The Duquette-era philosophy of offseason roster improvement seemed to boil down to, "Assume everything that went poorly will improve and everything that went well will still go well." Sometimes they added an unexciting pitcher who nonetheless cost $10+ million per year and sometimes also cost a draft pick. It's why the Orioles only made the postseason in even years of the 2012-16 run, and why they eventually fell into the abyss.
There are cautionary tales out there for trying to jump from rebuild to contention too soon. Look no farther than the 2022 Detroit Tigers, who, though you wouldn't know it from how they played against the Orioles, made some big moves in the offseason with an eye on contending this year. They're 57-91 right now. It's worth keeping in mind.
Whether from returning players improving, full seasons of prospects who've already debuted, new prospects arriving, or free agent or trade acquisitions, I think that the Orioles need to find a way to add at least 12 wins to the tally to go from what they are to great. That seems like it's going to take three big moves and then some smaller tweaks. Elias is going to have to figure out how different the team will look from what it is right now in order to pull off this feat.
Will we see a 90+ win Orioles team in the 2023 season?
Sunday Bird Droppings: Now it's feeling like the Orioles are probably done with moves The Cole Irvin trade seems to suggest no more notable signings or trades are coming along before the season
Saturday Bird Droppings: Gunnar Henderson is the man of the hour

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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About the WSWS
American Nazi web site acclaims Humboldt Professor Jörg Baberowski
Johannes Stern@JSternWSWS
Following expressions of support from the German far-right newspaper Junge Freiheit and the fascist National Democratic Party of Germany (NPD), the views of Humboldt Professor Jörg Baberowski on refugees have now been acclaimed by American neo-Nazis.
On December 8, the Daily Stormer published an article entitled "German Professor Says German Identity will be Totally Destroyed by Mass Immigration." The web site includes a photo of Baberowski with the comment, "More and more people are willing to state the obvious."
The Daily Stormer reads like a modern version of the anti-Semitic Nazi rag Der Stürmer (The Stormer), which was published by Julius Streicher between 1923 and 1945.
Under columns entitled "Jewish Problem" and "Race War," repellent racist and anti-Semitic articles appear, with headlines like "Jews Urge World to Unite Against Le Pen" and "Actual Gorilla Slaughters Six-Year-Old White Boy in His Bed (For No Reason, Of Course)."
According to Wikipedia, the Daily Stormer has now replaced Stormfront.org as the most read "hate site" on the Internet. The editor of the Daily Stormer and author of the article on Baberowski is the neo-Nazi and anti-Semite Andrew Anglin. Before establishing the Daily Stormer in 2013, Anglin ran the blog Total Fascism in which he glorified Adolf Hitler and disseminated propaganda for the Greek fascist Golden Dawn party. In the Republican Party presidential primary contest in the US, Anglin is supporting the fascistic candidate Donald Trump following Trump's call for a ban on the entry of Muslims into the US.
Like Anglin's support for Trump, his support for Baberowski is no accident. The American fascists are clearly impressed with Baberowski's extreme right-wing views on refugees, his references to the "Christian West," and his advocacy of a new German war policy.
Here are some passages from a December 7 interview with Baberowski in the Huffington Post, quoted approvingly by Anglin:
"Even 9/11 wasn't immediately perceived as a turning point. But I do believe that something fundamentally new is happening that will change our country very much. Germany will no longer stay out of wars and conflicts. And the Germany that we know will disappear as a result of the mass immigration."
"Everything that was dear to us, what we have been given all our lives, must change, because people come from a different cultural background and have other ideas about how we should live."
"It is absurd that a Russian academic has trouble obtaining a visa, but Pakistani migrant workers, who come without a passport to Germany, have all options open. We do not control immigration."
"You cannot just open the borders and let the immigrants move in. … For this we will have to pay a high price."
"The borders should now be closed. That would be a clear signal to the European neighbours to take part in coping with the crisis. But will it happen? I doubt it."
Anglin also supports Baberowski's criticism of German Chancellor Angela Merkel and the mainstream media. He cited, inter alia, the following statements of the Humboldt Professor:
"This criticism refers mainly to the television media. … Journalists are obsequious and [provide] uncritical reporting, they do not provide critical questions, but see themselves as an extended arm of the chancellor and her strategy."
"It was not wise to take selfies with refugees who were sent from all over the world, and it was not wise to call out to the world that it could come to Germany…"
At the end of the article, Anglin reproduces some of the "selfies" showing Merkel with incoming refugees and makes the following comment: "lol @ selfie queen. What a narcissistic bitch."
The reason why a neo-Nazi like Anglin is drawn to Baberowski can be easily discerned. The international recognition accorded the Humboldt professor is based not on scholarly work (none of his books have been published in English), but rather on his playing down of Nazi crimes in World War II.
In a long article in Der Spiegel in February 2014 (also published in the international edition of Spiegel Online) Baberowski publicly backed the most notorious Nazi apologist among German historians, Ernst Nolte. According to Baberowski, "Nolte was done an injustice. Historically speaking, he was right."
In the same article, Baberowski sought to present the Führer in a favourable light. "Hitler was not a psychopath, he was not vicious," Baberowski said. "He did not want to talk about the extermination of the Jews at his table."
It is scandalous that someone who is praised and promoted by far-right and fascist circles holds a prominent position at one of Germany's leading universities, appears almost daily on German media, and is defended by the university administration against substantive criticisms of his views.
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Right-wing academic Jörg Baberowski agitates against refugees at Christian Social Union event in Germany
Far-right German National Party promotes Professors Münkler and Baberowski
German academic Jörg Baberowski stirs up hatred against refugees
War propaganda in the German Historical Museum
Find out more about these topics:
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More nursing homes are providing hospice care, but such services remain largely underused, a new LeadingAge report finds.
The analysis notes that the hospices' prevalence has skyrocketed in recent years, with the number of providers nearly doubling since 2000, at about 4,200 in 2016.
"Over the same period of time, the hospice patient population has changed drastically: Hospice is now serving more individuals residing in nursing homes and assisted living in addition to its traditional home-based population," according to the report.
In 2016, about half of all Medicare hospice beneficiaries died at home, while one-third died in a nursing home. Terminal conditions treated by the benefits have changed too. While the service was almost exclusively limited to cancer in the past, patients with dementia and heart disease are increasingly using it, too.
Though hospice use has grown exponentially in recent years, utilization remains low, report authors note. About 28% of Medicare beneficiaries who used the benefit enrolled for fewer than seven days before death, and there is wide variation from state to state. About 18% of Medicare beneficiaries used hospice in Alaska at the low end, compared to 59% in Arizona.
"Nonprofit Hospice Services: Where Mission and Community Meet" — produced in conjunction with LeadingAge Ohio and the National Partnership for Hospice Innovation — offers several suggestions to bolster use. Those include expanding telehealth options, providing more information to patients, and enhancing access in rural areas.


26 ELIZABETH L.L.C. is a business entity registered in the state of New York under the legal form of DOMESTIC LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY. It can be found in the register by the DOS ID 4215837. The company was established and set into the register at 13th March 2012 and its current status is ACTIVE. Company´s jurisdiction is in the state of NEW YORK in county NASSAU. Process address of this entity is at 31 SHERMAN AVENUE, PLAINVIEW, 11803, NEW YORK.
Entity Name 26 ELIZABETH L.L.C.
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JOINT TRADE BOARD OF LOCAL UNION 1486 AND THE GYPSUM DRYWALL CONTRACTORS OF NEW YORK, INC.


text:
#baseball #KBO
New KBO manager wants club to put bad season behind
All News 17:03 November 11, 2020
INCHEON, Nov. 11 (Yonhap) -- Former SK Wyverns pitcher Kim Won-hyong has rejoined the team as new manager, and he has the unenviable task of bringing the Korea Baseball Organization (KBO) club back to respectability.
In 2020, only two years after winning the Korean Series, the Wyverns finished in ninth place among 10 teams at 51-92-1 (wins-losses-ties). They played most of the season with bench coach Park Kyung-oan as their interim skipper. Manager Youm Kyoung-youb fell ill during a game on June 25 and was sidelined for all but five games over the rest of the season. Both Youm and Park left the club at the end of the regular season.
The message from Kim to his squad was simple: just forget about it.
"Up until last year, this wasn't that bad of a team. It's just that a lot of things went wrong this year," Kim said at his introductory press conference Wednesday at SK Happy Dream Park in Incheon, 40 kilometers west of Seoul. "I think there's still hope. The players should just forget about all the bad things that happened this year and focus on getting ready for next season."
Kim, 48, was an original member of the Wyverns in 2000, when the franchise replaced the Ssangbangwool Raiders. He was drafted out of high school by the Raiders before the 1991 season and became the youngest KBO pitcher to throw a no-hitter at age 20 in 1993 -- a record that still stands.
Kim spent 11 seasons with the Wyverns and captained their very first championship team in 2007. In his post-playing career, Kim has been a coach with the Wyverns, the Lotte Giants and then the Doosan Bears. He left the Bears during their postseason run last week to take the Wyverns' helm.
Kim said struggles from both of the Wyverns' foreign pitchers, Ricardo Pinto and Nick Kingham, were the main cause of their downfall. Kingham was released in July after making only two appearances in an injury-plagued season. Pinto went 6-15 with a 6.17 ERA in 30 starts and wasn't retained.
The Wyverns signed right-handers Wilmer Font and Artie Lewicki on Oct. 31 as their two new import pitchers.
Kim said the Wyverns should continue to shore up their mound, though he was concerned that there won't be any big fish on the open market this year. As for additional bats from free agency, Kim said, "I'll ask the front office to sign some new players."
Kim said the Wyverns have relied mostly on strong pitching and slugging to win championships, but that's not an ideal approach in his mind.
"I think we would all like to see great pitching and power hitting," Kim said. "But we always have to guard against players' declining skills. I'll speak to my coaches about preparing for the future."
Kim said his ultimate goal as a manager is to win a championship and added, "I want our team to be relentless and to battle hard without giving up so easily."


text:
Cosmos bipinnatus 'Velouette'
Semi-Dwarf Mexican Aster
Cosmos bipinnatus 'Velouette' is an exceptional Cosmos variety. The large flowers are the same sizzling dark red as Rubenza, but the petals have a unique contrasting colour pattern. Some flowers have clear white stripes, and some are white with a dark red picotee.
Cosmos 'Velouette' is early flowering and uniform. It is a semi-dwarf variety that grows to a height of around 60 to 80cm (24 to 32in) and with a spread of 40cm (16in). The same height as Rubenza, they give a wonderful effect when planted in combination and are an amazing sight when planted in large drifts. The plants are a useful height and are short enough to be used at the front of the border, they can also be used in larger container planting.
This early flowering cosmos will start to bloom in as little as 70 days from sowing, going on to offer to six months of colour from May to October - keep on top of the deadheading and new flowers will just keep coming.
Cosmos bipinnatus, commonly called the garden Cosmos or Mexican aster, is a medium-sized flowering herbaceous plant native to Mexico. The species and its varieties and cultivars are popular as an easy to grow ornamental plant in temperate climate gardens.
The plants are ideally suited for the patio and terrace, while in the border, it is a true eye catcher. These compact cosmos plants do not require staking and are the perfect option for exposed gardens where taller varieties would be blown about by the wind. Use the blooms en masse for an elegant feel to your displays, if not, set them in combination with other annuals to complement pastel shades or calm hot colours.
With all eyes on these easy to grow summer performers, Cosmos lovers will simply adore this new addition to the colour range.
Awarded the RHS Award of Garden Merit
Cosmos bipinnatus 'Velouette' has been awarded the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit (AGM).
Sowing: Sow indoors March to April, or sow outdoors April to May
Sow indoors in early spring 3 to 4 weeks before planting outside, alternatively, the seed can also be sown directly where they are to flower in mid to late spring. They will take approx 70 days from sowing to flowering. Keep soil moderately moist during germination. Plant out three weeks after sowing at a 25cm (10in) on a sunny or half sunny spot.
Sowing Indoors:
Use well drained soil and cover to a depth of 3mm (1/8in). When large enough to handle, transplant the seedlings into small pots to grow on. Acclimatise to outdoor conditions for 10 to 15 days before planting out after all risk of frost 15cm (6in) apart.
Sowing Direct:
Prepare the ground well and rake to a fine tilth. If sowing more than one annual in the same bed, mark the sowing areas with a ring of sand and label. Sow 1mm (1/18th in) deep in rows 30cm (12in) apart.
Sow seed sparingly or they will choke out other seedlings.
The seedlings will appear in rows approx 6 to 8 weeks after planting and can be easily told from nearby weed seedlings. Thin the seedlings out so they are finally 25cm (10in) apart. Carefully replant thinned plants.
When the seedlings have three pairs of leaves, pinch out the tips, leaving at least one pair of leaves.
Only water in an extended drought and do not apply large doses of fertiliser as flowering will be suppressed.
Stake the taller varieties with a single or tripod of canes and some twine. Cosmos foliage is finely-cut into threadlike segments. When flowering, the taller varieties may become top heavy. This problem is alleviated when grown in groups, as the bi-pinnate leaves interlock, and the colony supports itself.
Deadhead to prolong flowering and encourage new flower buds. At the season's end, don't be too quick to pull up withering cosmos plants. Birds (particularly gold finches) love to snack on their seedheads in autumn, and the seeds that they miss may drop to the ground and reward you the next year by sprouting into a whole new crop.
Cut Flowers:
Cosmos is a cut-and-come-again bloomer, meaning that the sooner you cut the blooms, the quicker new buds will pop up to replace them. The blooms appear so profusely that you'll still have plenty of colour in the garden after you've picked your flowers.
If you sear the stem end in boiling water for twenty seconds they will last a week in water.
Plant Uses:
Cottage/Informal Gardens, Flowers Borders and Beds. Container Planting.
Cosmos have been reassuring gardeners ever since the 1930s, when breeders first coaxed cosmos to bloom earlier than the native Mexican species, the flower-growing public has been hooked.
Like many of our warm weather annuals such as marigolds, Cosmos originated in Mexico and South America. Spanish priests grew cosmos in their mission gardens in Mexico. The evenly placed petals led them to christen the flower Cosmos, derived from the Greek kosmos, the word for harmony or ordered, or balanced universe. From this we also get the common name of 'The Mexican Aster'.
The species name is from the Latin bipinnatus meaning "twice-pinnate" The botanical epithet is from the Latin pinnatus meaning 'with leaflets arranged in opposite pairs'.
150 to 160 seeds per gram
Cosmea, Cosmos
bipinnatus
Cosmea bipinnata
Half Hardy Annual
White with a dark red picotee
Natural Flower Time
May to August
60cm (24in)
Needs full sun to flourish
Lean, well drained, sandy soils.
Sow indoors March to April, or sow outdoors April to May
7 to 10 days at 20-30*C (68-86*F)


So in an effort to begin making more production glass I've started designing some ornaments. I've been interested in putz houses since last winter when I found a few and made a few more out of cardboard (I posted about that last year here.. They seem to have stayed pretty popular throughout the years and I bet they'd make great ornaments. I drew up a quick design in SketchUp of a simple putz house to print and take a mold of. I'll take a plaster blow mold of it and see if I can make some blown glass ornaments using that mold. It's going to be tricky because I'll have to cut it off the pipe on the top edge of the roof and I'm worried about keeping the shape. When I get a chance to blow into the mold I make with this design, I might end up changing the design.
I ordered lagoon, copper ruby and off-white glass color to make the ornaments with and printed a model of my house the other day. The 3D printed model is only needed long enough for me to talk a flexible silicone mold that I can pour wax into. I'll use a lost wax process to make my final mold which will be made of plaster.
To take a flexible silicone mold I use clear Silicone that you find at the hardware store. It's a cheap and easy way to make a mold of many things. It picks up good detail too. To make the mold I spray the model with mold release then build up one thin layer with the silicone. Once that's dry I add 2 or 3 thicker layers, a blob at a time. The way I was taught to do this involves squiring each blob out into a cup of soapy water and folding it around to wash out the chemical that extends the set time, making the curing process quicker. When this is set up in a few hours I'll pop out the model, pour in wax and have a wax model I can use to make my final mold.


text:
Pirates Swept by Reds
By Charlie Wilmoth Sep 2, 2009, 5:13pm EDT
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This was an ugly series. The Pirates managed to lose four games against Kip Wells, Justin Lehr, a guy who was fresh off the DL (Johnny Cueto) and a guy who's pitched well recently but still entered the game with a 6.04 ERA (Homer Bailey). Take yesterday's game, for example. Yes, it might have turned out differently if the Reds hadn't managed to squirt about six dozen ground balls through holes in the infield, but it's still ridiculous to lose against Lehr, who had absolutely nothing, couldn't find the zone and just generally looked like the worst pitcher the Pirates have faced all year.
There were bright spots to this series--No Relation McCutchen's good major league debut, Garrett Jones' continued mashing, Joel Hanrahan. But the fact remains that this was the Reds, who are almost as bad on paper as the Pirates are.


Mohammad Jalil, the brother of one of the most sufferers of the Sahiwal taking pictures, has challenged the JIT shaped to research the case within the Lahore Prime Courtroom.
He petitioned the court docket on Thursday to claim the JIT null and void and shape a judicial fee to research the subject. In his petition, he mentioned they have got no religion that the JIT will be certain that justice is served.
The Punjab IG didn't have the authority to shape the JIT, but it was once shaped, Jalil mentioned. He accused the police of making an attempt to offer protection to the CTD officials concerned within the case.
He named the government, high minister and Punjab IG as respondents within the case.
Lately, Jalil and different members of the family refused to seem earlier than the JIT or earlier than the ATC for the identity parade. They mentioned they have got no religion within the JIT.
Zeeshan, Mohammad Khalil, his spouse and daughter had been killed on January 19 after the CTD allegedly opened hearth on their automotive in Sahiwal. A JIT investigating the case had held the CTD liable for the killings.


I'LL ALWAYS LOVE YOU, LOVER OF LIFE SINGER OF SONGS! You didn't become a myth just after you death, YOU WERE A MYTH every single minute of your life too.
Freddie was probably one of the most inspiration people that lived.
his music was fantastic and the world isn't the some without him.
It's been nearly 20 years since Freddie died but no one will forget him. He's inspired me to try to become a performer. Maybe one day, I'll be onstage accepting my Grammy, and I can say,"I'd like to give a special thanks to Mr. Freddie Mercury, who inspired me to become who I am today." Thanks, Freddie.
I love Freddie and all his music. Freddie will never be forgotton. Thanks, Freddie! For all the music and the drama that made you, in my eyes, the greatest performer that ever lived. Long live Queen!
Freddi Mercury is one of the greatest singers in history. There will never be another singer or man like him. I could see how much love he had for his fans through his songs. RIP Freddie I love you now and forever.
Freddie -I'm so glad you got to live your dreams! Thank you for creating Queen with Brian & Roger & John and for sharing your great talents with the world!!
My name is Anastasia from Palatine, Illinois, USA!!! I'm 11. I love listening to your songs! My favorite song of yours is The Show Must Go On!
I hope that you keep on Queening around!
Freddie, im so sad that you're gone before i was born.
i want to blame my mom and dad for creating me so late.
by the way, i love you freddie , theres no queen without you .
Queen wouldn't be where they are today and next month Mercury'll be dead for 20 YEARS!!!! We'll never forget the way he danced on the stage whever he went.
Freddie, Freddie, Freddie... where do I begin?
I'm young, very young. Your music was circulating around the world nearly twenty years prior to me being born... and yet you played such a big part in the musical industry. Hell, you still *are* playing a bigger part than most Musical revolutionists. You literally blew the worlds collective minds. You are the single most prominent musical figure ever to highlight the revolutionary movement that is Rock and Roll.
But I'm sure there're enough comments here saying that already, I'm sure.
Freddie, I'm posting this to say that, you aren't a Musician anymore, you're a Musical God. In 'We Will Rock You - The Musical', your monument points the way to the salvation of Music, and the Salvation of Rock and Roll. And I don't think Ben Elton could've gotten that part any more perfect, because it still does, every day. Your Music illustrates the very core of Musical Independence, and I don't think there's a single person on earth who's heard your Music and disliked it.
Wherever you are, whatever afterlife exists, if any. I hope they're treating you like a King up there, Freddie. You were the best Musician ever to walk the planet, and your tragic passing will forever haunt the musical world. Take joy, if you can, in the fact that your music has withstood the test of time, and it'll never stop. Centuries from now, you'll be revered. You, Brian, John and Roger are going to live *forever* in the eyes of Humanity. And you deserve no less.
Happy birthday Freddie! I know you're rockin heaven! We all love and miss you more and more as the years past. You are simply irreplaceable!
Happy 65th Birthday to the greatest entertainer of all time and the most important artist since Mozart!! You changed my life forever and inspired all who have followed in your mighty footsteps.We love you and will never forget you. Thanks Freddie and Happy Birthday!!
Thank You, Freddie, for all that you gave to us, your adoring fans... Life will never be the same without you...Thank God for DVD's, so we can see you over& over again. I'm so sorry for the suffering you went through, and am glad that you are at peace... hope to meet you in whatever comes next after this life...you were and always will be...Forever...THE KING OF QUEEN. All the wonderful songs you've left for us to listen to, until we wear them out & have to buy more...You will always be loved on so many levels.Thank You, Mr. Mercury.
Freddie, Happy Birthday!!!! We all love you!!! We do remember you! You join us together! You are the best!!!!!!!!!


text:
\section{INTRODUCTION}
\subsection{A. Introductory Remarks}

In a recent paper two of us (LRF and MN) have proposed a critical
re-examination of the general treatment concerning
Einstein\rq s Equivalence Principle (EEP). The starting
point rests on the well-known fact that EEP is
supported by experiment by at least\footnote{See the status of the
STEP (Satellite Test of the Equivalence Principle), an international
tentative of improving this result to one part in $10^{17}$.} one part in
$10^{11}$. This
statement should be understood in the very limited sense that it concerns
observed effects of gravity restrained to
the coupling of matter (that is, any non-gravitational form of energy) to the
gravitational field. However, many theories of gravity, starting from General
Relativity, go far beyond such limited domain of observation and
assume a generalized form which states that the EEP comprises absolutelly
all forms of energy (including gravitational).
This, of course, is a speculation that still nowadays remains
beyond any experimental test.
The recent general excitation among the scientific community concerning the
possible detection of gravitational waves led to the belief that the
observation of these waves could act as a crucial test on gravity-gravity
interaction and to provide for a decision concerning which,
among the rivals gravity theories, is the best one.

In \cite{LuMa} a class of
alternative models for gravity was presented and a specific one was
developed. Our purpose in the present paper is to proceed with such an
investigation on the consequences of our theory.
Here we will describe a solution of our set of equations of the gravitational
field produced by a spherically symmetric and static configuration. We shall
show that as far as the post-Newtonian approximation is concerned, the
behavior of matter (i.e. any form of non-gravitational energy), in
our theory is indistinguishable from General Relativity (GR).

{}From the experimental standard tests we can state the following
results\footnote{We are following the standard notation for the PPN
parameters. The reader not aware of this formulation should consult the
Appendix and the references.}

\begin{itemize}
 \item{$\alpha = 1$}
 \item{$\gamma = 1.000 \pm  0.002$}
 \item{$\frac{1}{3} (2 \gamma + 2 - \beta) = 1.00 \pm 0.02$}
 \item{$\chi < 10^{-3}$}
 \item{$ \alpha_{2}  < 4 x 10^{-4} $}
 \item{$\frac{2}{3} \alpha_{2} - \alpha_{1}  < 0.02$}
 \item{$49 \alpha_{1} - \alpha_{2} - 2.2 \chi  < 0.1$}
\end{itemize}

We shall prove in this paper that, for the new theory of gravity that we
are examining, like in the very same manner as General
Relativity, the unique non vanishing parameters are
$\alpha$, $\beta$ and $\gamma$. The extra parameters, present in others
theories describe strange non-usual properties of the gravitational
interaction\footnote{Like, for instance, possible deviation from
Lorentz symmetry, effects of prefered frames, non conservation of
energy-momentum at the post-Newtonian limit and an eventual spatial
anisotropy of three-body interaction.}.

This result supports a remark made in our previous paper which states that
the crucial distinction of ours gravity theory and GR should be made
in evidence from the detection of the gravitational waves.

\subsection{B. Synopsis}
The plan of the paper is the following. In section \ref{field} we make a
very short review of the field theory of gravitation\footnote{The reader
that would like to know more about this should look for the references of the
quoted papers by Feynman, Deser and our previous paper.}. We present the
fundamental variables that describe the gravitational field and its
corresponding equation of motion. In section \ref{solution} we describe the
symmetries of the problem and find the correspondent equations of
motion. A solution for the static and spherically symmetric configuration
is then presented. In section \ref{effective} we show the
effective geometry that
is the observed effect of the previous solution as seen by any
non-gravitational form of energy. In section \ref{energy} we evaluate the
corresponding distribution of gravitational energy within our theory. We
end with section \ref{conclusion} in which some comments concerning
the present solution and its consequences are shown.

\section{Field Theory of Gravity: A Summary}
\protect\label{field}

In this section we will provide a short resum\'e of the theory of gravity
that we will analyse. Actually, we will deal here with a field
theoretical model of gravitational interaction. In the standard
traditional way this field is represented by a
symmetric second order tensor that we denote by $\varphi_{\mu\nu}$. This
field is supposed to propagate in an auxiliary background Minkowski
geometry\footnote{We shall see that this metric is not
observable neither by matter nor by the gravitational field.}.

In order to exhibit the general covariance of the theory we will
write the auxiliary metric $\gamma_{\mu\nu}$  in an arbitrary
system of coordinates. We define the corresponding covariant derivative by
the standard way:

\begin{equation}
V_{\mu\hspace{0.1cm};\hspace{0.1cm}\nu} =
V_{\mu\hspace{0.1cm},\hspace{0.1cm}\nu} -
\Delta^{\alpha}_{\mu\nu} V_{\alpha}
\label{T1}
\end{equation}

in which
\begin{equation}
\Delta^{\alpha}_{\mu\nu} =
\frac{1}2 \gamma^{\alpha\beta}\hspace{0.1cm}(
\gamma_{\beta\mu\hspace{0.1cm},\nu} +
 \gamma_{\beta\nu\hspace{0.1cm},\mu} - \gamma_{\mu\nu\hspace{0.1cm},\beta}).
\label{T2}
\end{equation}

The associated curvature tensor vanishes identically that is

\begin{equation}
R_{\alpha\beta\mu\nu}(\gamma_{\epsilon\lambda}) = 0.
\label{T3}
\end{equation}

The gravitational field is represented by a three-index tensor
$F_{\alpha\beta\mu}$ obtained from the potential $\varphi_{\mu\nu}$
by derivation:

\begin{equation}
F_{\alpha\beta\mu} = \varphi_{\mu[\alpha;\beta]} +
\varphi_{,[\alpha}\gamma_{\beta]\mu} +
\gamma_{\mu[\alpha}{{\varphi_{\beta]}}^{\lambda}}_{;\lambda}.
\label{T4}
\end{equation}
where we are using the anti-symmetrization symbol $[\hspace{0.9mm}]$ like

$$ [A, B] \equiv AB - BA.  $$

We use an analogous form to the symmetrization symbol $(\hspace{0.9mm})$

$$ (A, B) \equiv AB + BA.  $$

{}From the above definition it follows that the field $F_{\alpha\beta\mu}$
is anti-symmetric in the first pair of indices and obeys the cyclic identity,
that is

$$ F_{\alpha\mu\nu} + F_{\mu\alpha\nu} = 0 $$
and

$$ F_{\alpha\mu\nu} + F_{\mu\nu\alpha} + F_{\nu\alpha\mu} = 0.$$

The trace of the tensor $F_{\alpha\beta\mu}$ is given by

\begin{equation}
F_{\mu} \equiv F_{\mu\alpha\beta} \gamma^{\alpha\beta} =
4({{\varphi_{\mu}}^{\lambda}}_{;\lambda} - \varphi_{,\lambda}).
\label{T5}
\end{equation}

This allow us to re-write the expression of the field in the
form

\begin{equation}
F_{\alpha\beta\mu} = \varphi_{\mu[\alpha;\beta]} +
 \frac{1}{4} F_{[\alpha}
\gamma_{\beta]\mu}.
\label{T6}
\end{equation}

The equation of motion of the gravitational field will appear in
a more convenient form when written in terms of
an associated quantity $M_{\alpha\beta\mu}$ that has the same
symmetries as  $F_{\alpha\beta\mu}$ and is defined by

\begin{equation}
M_{\alpha\beta\mu} \equiv F_{\alpha\beta\mu} -
\frac{1}2 F_{\alpha} \gamma_{\beta\mu} + \frac{1}2
F_{\beta} \gamma_{\alpha\mu}.
\label{d7}
\end{equation}

See \cite{LuMa} for other properties of these quantities.

The symbol $\kappa$ represents Einstein\rq s constant, written in
terms of Newton\rq s constant $G_{N}$ and the velocity of light $c$
by the definition $$ \kappa = \frac{8\pi}{G_{N} c^{4}}. $$ We set $c
= G_{N} = 1.$

Any theory of gravity that yields the correct weak field limit must
reduces in this limit to the standard Fierz equation of motion. We
have shown, in our previous paper, that in order to achieve such
correct limit the theory, described in terms of the gravitational
field $F_{\alpha\beta\mu}$, must be such that its Lagrangian is
a functional of the quantity $Z$ defined in terms of the invariants $A$ and
$B$ under the form:

\begin{equation}
Z \equiv A - \frac{3}{4} B.
\protect\label{Z1}
\end{equation}
in which
$$ A \equiv F_{\alpha\mu\nu} F^{\alpha\mu\nu} $$
and
$$ B \equiv F_{\alpha} F^{\alpha}. $$

We have argued that a good candidate for this is a theory the
Lagrangian of which is given by

\begin{equation}
L = \frac{b^{2}}{k} \left\{  \sqrt{1 + \frac{1}{b^{2}} ( -A +
\frac{3}{4} B )} - 1  \right\}.
\protect\label{Z2}
\end{equation}
We will analyse here only this particular form among the whole class of
theories that could be constructed with $Z$.

The equation of motion that follows from this Lagrangian is then given by

\begin{equation}
{G^{L}}_{\mu\nu} = \frac{1}{2} {L_{A}}^{-1} \left\{ L_{A;\lambda}
{M^{\lambda}}_{(\mu\nu)}  +  {T^{m}}_{\mu\nu}   \right\}
\protect\label{Z3}
\end{equation}
in which we have added the source term represented by the
energy-momentum tensor of matter.

In the theory of General Relativity the corresponding equation of
motion of the gravitational field in the geometrical representation takes the
form:

$$ R_{\mu\nu} - \frac{1}{2} R g_{\mu\nu} = -  {T^{m}}_{\mu\nu} $$
in which the curvature of the associated Riemannian metric appears
explicitly. However there is an equivalent way to describe the
equation of motion in GR that seems worth to mention here just in order to
exhibit the similarity and the distinction between both theories.
Indeed, many authors (see, for instance \cite{Deser})  have shown that it is
possible to re-write Einstein\rq s equation of motion by
isolating the linear operator ${G^{L}}_{\mu\nu}$ from the non-linear
terms, showing explicitly the form of the self-interacting terms. It
is given by:
\begin{equation}
{G^{L}}_{\mu\nu} =  -  {T^{m}}_{\mu\nu} -  t_{\mu\nu}
\protect\label{Z4}
\end{equation}
in which  $t_{\mu\nu}$ is a complicated non-linear expression
constructed with the metric tensor and its derivative\footnote{The
reader not acquainted with this formulation should consult \cite{GPP}
for a very didactic presentation of it.}
A simple inspection on both theories thus exhibits very clearly the
particular characterization of the self-interacting terms in each
theory. Let us emphasize that in both cases of equations (\ref{Z3})
and (\ref{Z4}) they represent the full theory. There is no
approximation of any sort in these expressions.

Let us just make one more comment on the properties of these rivals theories
of gravity. Since both theories satisfy the restricted EEP, the
behavior of matter (or any form of non-gravitational energy) is precisely the
same in both theories. Matter follows geodesics in an effective Riemannian
geometry. Only the gravity-gravity processes are distinct. Since we are not
dealing in the present paper with gravitational waves we will not
consider any longer such distinction here.

So much for the review. Let us now look for a solution of our
equation (\ref{Z3}), in the absence of matter.

\section{THE SOLUTION}
\protect\label{solution}

We set for the auxiliary metric of the background the form

\begin{equation}
ds^{2} = dt^{2} - dr^{2} - r^{2} ( d\theta^{2} + sin^{2}\theta d\varphi^{2} )
\protect\label{s1}
\end{equation}
This means that all operations of raising and lowering indices are made by
this Minkowski metric $\gamma_{\mu \nu}$\footnote{The reader should be
attentive to the fact that matter (massive or massless particles --photons,
for instance -- that is, any form of non-gravitational energy) feels
a modified geometry. See the previous paper \cite{LuMa}.}.

We search for the simple solution in such a way that the only
non-identically null gravitational potential components
$\varphi^{\mu\nu}$ are only

$$ \varphi_{00} =  \varphi^{00} = \mu(r) $$
and
$$ \varphi_{11} =   \varphi^{11}  = \nu(r). $$

The trace  $\varphi$  is then given by
$$ \varphi = \mu - \nu.  $$

{}From this we obtain the gravitational field $F_{\alpha\beta\mu}$. The
only non-null terms are

$$ F_{100} = -2 ( \mu' + \frac{\nu}{r} )  $$

$$ F_{122} =  \mu' r^{2} + 3 \nu r   $$

$$ F_{133} = sin^{2}\theta F_{122} . $$
in which we have used a prime $'$ to symbolise the derivative with respect
to the radial variable $r$.

Thus the unique component of the trace that remains is $F_{1}$ which is
given by:

$$ F_{1} = - 4 ( \mu' + 2 \frac{\nu}{r} ) $$

{}From these we can evaluate the associated quantities

\begin{itemize}
 \item{The invariant $A$.}
 \item{The invariant $B$.}
 \item{The associated tensor $M_{\mu\nu\alpha}$.}
\end{itemize}

We obtain directly the following values:

\begin{equation}
A = - 4 \left\{ 3 {\mu^{'}}^{2} + 10 \frac{\nu \mu^{'}}{r} +
11 \frac{\nu^{2}}{r^{2}} \right\}
\protect\label{a1}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
B = - 16 \left\{ {\mu^{'}}^{2} + 4 \frac{\nu \mu^{'}}{r} +
4 \frac{\nu^{2}}{r^{2}} \right\}
\protect\label{a2}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
M_{100} = 2  \frac{\nu}{r}
\protect\label{a21}
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
M_{122} =  -  r^{2} ( \mu^{'} +  \frac{\nu}{r} )
\protect\label{a22}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
M_{133} = sin^{2}\theta M_{122}.
\protect\label{a23}
\end{equation}

Under the above hypothesis of spherically symmetry of the solution,
there remain only two non-trivially satisfied equations, which are
given by

\begin{equation}
\left\{L_{A} \frac{\nu}{r} \right\}^{'}  +  2 L_{A} \frac{\nu}{r} = 0.
\protect\label{a3}
\end{equation}

and

\begin{equation}
\mu^{'} + \frac{\nu}{r} = 0.
\protect\label{a4}
\end{equation}

It seems worth to remark that the above set of equations (\ref{a3}) and
(\ref{a4}) are the same for any theory that satisfies the fundamental
condition, that is, for functionals only of the quantity $Z$ defined
by equation (\ref{Z1}).

Let us now especialize this for our theory characterized by
equation (\ref{Z2}).

We have
\begin{equation}
L_{A} = - \frac{b^{2}}{2}\hspace{0.9mm} ( b^{2} + L)^{-1}
\protect\label{a6}
\end{equation}

Substituting the above tentative form of a solution in the expressions
of the invariants we find for the quantity $Z$:
\begin{equation}
- A + \frac{3}{4} B = 4\hspace{0.9mm} \frac{\nu^{2}}{r^{2}}.
\protect\label{a7}
\end{equation}

Using this value in the equation (\ref {a3}) we find the solution

\begin{equation}
\nu = -\hspace{0.9mm} \frac{2M}{r}\hspace{0.9mm}
\left\{ 1 - {(\frac{r_{c}}{r}})^{4} \right\}^{-\frac{1}{2}}.
\protect\label{a8}
\end{equation}

in which the constant $r_{c}$ is given by

$$ {r_{c}}^{2}  \equiv \frac{4M}{b}. $$
The remaining function $\mu$ is given in terms of the elliptic
function $F(\alpha, \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2})$ by

\begin{equation}
\mu = \frac{1}{2} \sqrt{b M} \left\{ F(\alpha, \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} ) +
\mu_{0} \right\}
\protect\label{a9}
\end{equation}
in which the constant $\mu_{0}$ must be chosen to yield the correct
assymptotic limit. The quantity $\alpha$ is given by

$$ \alpha \equiv arc sin
\left\{ \frac{cosh\hspace{0.5mm} x - 1}{cosh\hspace{0.5mm} x}
\right\}^{\frac{1}{2}} $$
and $x$ is defined by
$$ cosh\hspace{0.5mm} x \equiv \left\{ \frac{r}{r_{c}} \right\}^{2}. $$

At this point let us make a preliminary comment concerning the value of the
constant $b$. At the value $r = r_{c}$ the field has apparently a
singularity. We shall see in a subsequent section that we deal here
with a true singularity once the associated gravitational energy
is singular at point $r_{c}$. Although the quantity $b$ is a free
parameter of the theory, its value must be such that it provides that
the domain $r < r_{c}$ should be hidden inside
all known celestial bodies. A typical example associates $b$ to the inverse of
Planck length. This provides a good possible value that satisfies the above
requirement. We leave the actual value of $b$, for the time being, as an open
parameter, the true value of which is to be decided later on.

\subsection{The Effective Geometry}
\protect\label{effective}
In this section we will turn our attention to a geometric representation of
the present theory. Following the standard procedure \cite{Feynman}
\cite{Deser} we define a
Riemannian metric tensor in terms of the gravitational potential
as\footnote{The reader should note that one can make different forms of
geometric representation.
For instance one can uses the contravariant representation to set
$g^{\mu\nu} =  \gamma^{\mu\nu} + \varphi^{\mu\nu}$; or use pseudo
quantities by means of the determinant $\gamma$ in the definition of
the geometry. Each one of these choices provides non-equivalent
representations.}

\begin{equation}
g_{\mu\nu} \equiv \gamma_{\mu\nu} + \varphi_{\mu\nu}
\protect\label{b1}
\end{equation}
It seems worth to call attention to the reader that this definition has
a deep meaning, once for all forms of non-gravitational energy the net
effect of the gravitational field is felt precisely as if gravity
was responsible of changing the metrical properties of the spacetime from the
flatness structure to a curved one that is related to the gravitational field
precisely by the above expression\footnote{The
reader should consult the previous paper \cite{LuMa} for more details and
for a proof of this statement.}. This means that any material body (or
photons) follows along the geodesics (null, in the case of photons) as if the
metric tensor of spacetime was given by the above expression.

{}From the previous calculation we find for the effective geometry the
form

\begin{equation}
ds^{2} = g_{00} dt^{2} - g_{11} dr^{2} - r^{2}
( d\theta^{2} + sin^{2}\theta d\varphi^{2} )
\protect\label{b2}
\end{equation}
with
$$ g_{00} = 1 + \mu.  $$
and
$$ g_{11} = -1 + \nu.  $$

Expanding for $r_{c} << r$ we have

$$ g_{00} \approx 1 -\frac{2 M}{r} - \frac{1}{10}
\left\{ \frac{r_{c}}{r} \right\}^{4} + ...$$
and

$$ g_{11} \approx - 1 -\frac{2 M}{r} -  \frac{M}{r}
\left\{ \frac{r_{c}}{r} \right\}^{4} + ...$$

We see that the modification of the flatness of spacetime, as seen by
matter, beyond the order $O(\frac{M}{r})$,  occurs only at order
$O(\frac{M^{3}}{r^{5}})$. This is radically different from the
results of General Relativity and should provide the basis for a future test.

Before this, however let us look into the
corresponding post-Newtonian parameter of our theory. Using the
isotropic coordinate system (see the Appendix) we can re-write our
effective geometry under the form

$$ ds^{2} = (1 - 2 \alpha \frac{M}{\rho} + 2 \beta \frac{M^{2}}{\rho^{2}}
+ ...)  dt^{2} - (1 + 2 \gamma \frac{M}{\rho}) \left\{ d\rho^{2} +
\rho^{2} ( d\theta^{2} + sin^{2}\theta d\varphi^{2} ) \right\} $$

It then follows from a direct inspection on this form of the effective
geometry the values of the PPN parameters corresponding to our solution. We
can use the associated table in order to compare the values of our model and
those obtained from General Relativity.

\begin{table}
\caption{PPN Parameters}
\label{ext}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{c r r} \hline
          & GR  & LN   \\ \hline
\hline
$\alpha$  & 1   & 1     \\ \hline
$\beta$   & 1   & 1     \\ \hline
$\gamma$  & 1   & 1     \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{table}

A direct inspection on this table led us to conclude that, at the PPN level
of observation, both theories provide the same answer for the efects of the
gravitational field on matter.

\section{Gravitational Energy}
\protect\label{energy}

The fact that we are dealing with a field theory in the conventional
way provide us directly as a by-product, with a well-defined definition of
the energy. We can arrive at the expression of the energy-momentum
tensor either by a direct variation of the associated background
metric or by means of Noether\rq s theorem\footnote{The reader should
note that many differents forms of the energy-momentum tensor of the
gravitational field have been described in the literature. Most of then
suffer from the disease of being pseudo quantities and not true tensor. Some
others, like the one described in \cite{GPP}, are true tensors but have a
hidden gauge symmetry. We note that our expression does not seem to suffer of
any of these difficulties.}.

Using the definition

\begin{equation}
{T^{g}}^{\mu\nu} = - \frac{2}{\sqrt {-\gamma}} \frac{\delta L
\sqrt{-\gamma}}{\delta \gamma_{\mu\nu}}
\label{n10}
\end{equation}
we find, from the above Lagrangian,

\begin{equation}
{T^{g}}_{\mu\nu} = - L \gamma_{\mu\nu} + L_{A} \left\{ 4
F_{\mu\alpha\beta}  {F_{\nu}}^{\alpha\beta} + 2
F_{\alpha\beta\mu}  {F^{\alpha\beta}}_{\nu} - 3 F^{\alpha}
F_{\alpha(\mu\nu)} - \frac{5}{2} F_{\mu} F_{\nu} + F^{\epsilon}
F_{\epsilon} \gamma_{\mu\nu} \right\}
\label{n12}
\end{equation}
Let us specialize this for the case of a static and spherically
symmetric configuration. Since in our theory the Lagrangian is given by
eq. (\ref{Z2}) we have, under the conditions of the above solution,

\begin{equation}
L = \frac{b^{2}}{k}
 \left\{ ( 1 - (\frac{r_{c}}{r})^{4} )^{-\frac{1}{2}} -  1 \right\}.
\protect\label{n121}
\end{equation}

Note that it then follows that $$ L > 0. $$

Finally we obtain, for the density of energy, the expression

\begin{equation}
\frac{k}{b^{2}} {T^{g}}_{00} = 1 - \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 -
{(\frac{r_{c}}{r})}^{4}}} +  \frac{32 M^{2} b^{2}}{r^{4}}
 \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 -{(\frac{r_{c}}{r})}^{4}}}
\protect\label{n13}
\end{equation}
We should point out two important conclusions that follow from this
expression.

\begin{itemize}
 \item{The density of energy of the gravitational field is positive.}
 \item{There exists a true singularity of the field at the point
$r = r_{c}$.}
\end{itemize}

Integrating from $r = R >> r_{c}$, the radius of the compact object,
until infinity a direct simple calculation gives a finite value for the total
energy, provided by

$$ E_{T} = 4 \pi \frac{32 M^{2}}{R}.  $$

This is the value one should expect on Newtonian grounds.

\section{CONCLUSION}
\protect\label{conclusion}
In this paper we continue the exam of a new theory of gravity.
We have found the exact solution of a compact spherically symmetric and
static configuration. We have shown that, although the general system of
equations is highly non linear,
the system reduces, for this symmetry, to a very simple one that allows a
direct integration to be done. An analysis of the properties of our solution
shows many points in common with GR. The PPN parameters
do not allow a distinction between these theories. In order to exhibit a
crucial observable difference between them, we should look for the
propagation of gravitational disturbances. Indeed, (see the Appendix) the
velocity of the gravitational waves is not the same in these two theories.
This should be a clear test to select the good model for gravitational
interaction.

\section{APPENDIX}
\subsection{The Velocity of Gravitational Waves}

In \cite{LuMa} we have shown that the gravitational waves travel in
different cones than the photons. This means that the gravitational waves
feel a geometry of the spacetime that is not the same as the one felt by
matter. The propagation of the gravitational disturbances follow along
trajectories $k^{\mu}$ that satisfy the equation

$$ \left\{ \gamma_{\mu\nu} - \frac{1}{b^{2}} {T^{g}}_{\mu\nu} \right\}
k^{\mu} k^{\nu}  =  0.  $$

This is one of the most important distinctions between the present
field theory of gravity and General Relativity.

\subsection{PPN Formalism}
The standard form of the metric in the PPN form is given by

$$ g_{00} = 1 - 2 \alpha \frac{M}{\rho} + 2 \beta
\left(\frac{M}{\rho}\right)^{2}. $$

$$ g_{ij} = ( - 1 - 2 \gamma \frac{M}{\rho} -
\lambda \frac{M^{2}}{\rho^{2}} ) \delta_{ij}. $$

We make a coordinate transformation to pass from this
isotropic system $(t, \rho, \theta, \varphi)$ to the spherical one
$(t, r, \theta, \varphi)$:

$$ \rho = r \left\{ 1 - \gamma \frac{M}{r} - \frac{1}{2}
(\lambda - {\gamma}^{2} ) \frac{M^{2}}{r^{2}}    \right\}  $$

It then follows that in the new system the metric takes the form
\begin{eqnarray}
{ds}^{2} & = & \left\{ 1 -  2 \alpha \frac{M}{r} -
2 (\beta - \alpha \gamma)
 \frac{M^{2}}{r^{2}}  \right\} {dt}^{2} -
\left\{ 1 + 2 \gamma \frac{M}{r}
+ ( 2 \lambda + {\gamma}^{2} ) \frac{M^{2}}{r^{2}} \right\} {dr}^{2} \nonumber
\\
& - & {r}^{2} ( d{\theta}^{2} + {sin}^{2} \theta d{\varphi}^{2} ). \nonumber
\end{eqnarray}

\subsection{Connections of the Background}

Just for completeness let us enumerate the non-identically null
connections of the background metric \ref{s1} defined by

$$ {\Delta^{\alpha}}_{\mu\nu} \equiv \frac{1}{2} \gamma^{\alpha \beta}
\left\{ \gamma_{\beta \mu,\nu} + \gamma_{\beta \nu,\mu} -
\gamma_{\mu\nu,\beta}  \right\} $$

They are:

$$ {\Delta^{1}}_{22}  = - r. $$

$$ {\Delta^{1}}_{33}  = - r sin^{2} \theta. $$

$$ {\Delta^{2}}_{12}  = \frac{1}{r}. $$

$$ {\Delta^{2}}_{33}  = - sin \theta cos \theta. $$

$$ {\Delta^{3}}_{13}  = \frac{1}{r}. $$

$$ {\Delta^{3}}_{23}  =  cot \theta. $$

\section{CONCLUSION}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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text:
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Pumphill Crime Activity was Down in December 2021
The Pumphill community experienced 0 crimes in December 2021, in comparison to 1 crime the previous month, and 2 crimes in December one year ago. Pumphill experiences an average of 1.2 crimes per month. On an annual basis, Pumphill experienced a total of 14 crimes as of December 2021, which is down 44% in comparison to 25 crimes as of December 2020. Total Pumphill crimes is calculated as the sum of break & enters (dwelling, commercial, and other premises), theft from vehicles, theft of vehicles, assaults (nondomestic), commercial robberies, street robberies, and non-domestic 'other' violence.
The Pumphill community experienced 0 break and enter (B&E) crimes in December, in comparison to 0 B&E crimes in November and 1 B&E crime in December 2020. On an annual basis, Pumphill experienced a total of 6 B&E crimes as of December 2021, which is down from 8 B&E crimes as of December 2020.
Pumphill experienced 0 vehicle related crimes (theft of or theft from vehicles) in December 2021, in comparison to 0 vehicle related crimes in the previous month, and 0 vehicle related crimes in December 2020. On an annual basis, Pumphill experienced a total of 4 vehicle related crimes as of December 2021, which is down in comparison to 13 vehicle related crimes as of December 2020.
Physical and social disorders are excluded from this article because a very low proportion of disorder-based calls for service result in crime reports. Physical and social disorders are often highly visible, occurring in public spaces; examples include drunks, panhandling, youth gangs, prostitution, littering, loitering and graffiti. Research indicates that disorders can have a negative impact on public perceptions of safety. See the Pumphill Crime Activity Table for additional information.
Pumphill Crime Activity Summary as of December 2021
Assault (Non-domestic)
Commercial Robbery
Street Robbery
Violence Other (Non-domestic)
Break & Enter – Dwelling
Break & Enter – Commercial
Break & Enter – Other Premises
Theft OF Vehicle
Total B&E Crimes
Total Vehicle Crimes
To see how crime activity in Pumphill compares to its neighboring communities, view the Total Crime Activity in the Nearby Communities Table below (sorted highest total annual crimes to lowest).
Total Crime Activity in Nearby Communities as of December 2021
8 11 5 18 14 14 9 7 13 8 7 4
3 9 12 3 15 10 3 5 4 2 4 5
1 3 3 3 3 15 5 10 5 4 4 8
Pumphill
With a population of 1,640 residents, the Pumphill community recorded 0.00 crimes per capita (per 1,000 community residents) in December 2021 vs its annual average of 0.71 crimes per capita. To see how crime per capita activity in Pumphill compares to its neighboring communities, view the Crime Per Capita Summary in Nearby Communities Table below (sorted highest to lowest by average annual crime per capita).
Crime Per Capita Summary in Nearby Communities as of December 2021
4.43 6.09 2.77 9.97 7.76 7.76 4.99 3.88 7.20 4.43 3.88 2.22