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Varilek v. Burke
This pro se appeal arises for the 2008 valuation of a parcel of property by the personal representative of the estate that owns the property. The initial valuation was $146,200. It was reduced to 112,100 by the Senior Municipal Appraiser who determined that the building was 50% incomplete. Varilek claimed that the home was 75% incomplete and the valuation should be reduced by another $35,000. He appealed to the Board of Equalization for a hearing on valuation.
At the hearing, his evidence was reviewed and discussed, but the valuation was not changed. Varilik appealed to the superior court which affirmed the Board. The Supreme Court points out that AS 29.45.210(b) gives one appealing an assessment valuation the burden of proof that the valuation is improper. It agrees with the superior court that Varilek did not meet this burden and affirms it decision upholding the Board's valuation.
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Cowan v. Yeisley
The Cowans were deeded a portion of a larger tract of land in Ketchikan including a thirty foot "right of way" for access to it. Other portions of the tract were later deeded out which did not mention the right of way or attempt to convey the portion of the tract upon which it was located. All of the tract except the Cowans' portion was later subjected to two plat which dedicated the right of way to the Borough which approved the plats. The Cowans did not sign the plats.
In 2006 the Cowans filed suit against the Yeisleys, other owners of property in the tract, and the Borough seeking ownership of the thirty foot strip either as part of the original conveyance to them or by adverse possession. The trial court ruled that the original deed did not convey a fee interest in the property and that they did not meet the requirements of the 2003 legislative amendments to the adverse possession statute, AS 09.45.052, requiring color of title or a "good faith but mistaken belief" that the disputed land was within the boundaries of their property.
The Cowans appealed arguing that the original deed must have intended them to be the owners of the right of way since the grantor never deeded the disputed portion to anyone else and it would be illogical that he intended to keep it for himself after deeding away the rest of the tract. The Court pointed out that the general rule is that the term "right of way" is synonymous with "easement." Therefore, the deed is unambiguous and there is no need to seek to determine intent.
The Cowans also argued that it was error to apply the 2003 version of AS 09.10.030 to their adverse possession claim because the Cowans were vested with title to the disputed land before the statute was changed, the legislative history indicates that the changes were not intended to be applied to vested adverse possession rights, and the Legislature did not indicate that the law changing AS 09,10.030 was retrospective.
The Court points out that AS 01.10.090 states that "[n]o statute is retrospective unless expressly declared therein." The 2003 amendments to AS 09.10.030 specifically stated that the amended version "applie[d] to actions that have not been barred before [July 18, 2003] by AS 09.10.030 as it read before [July 18, 2003]. Its application here would be retrospective since it would prevent a claim for adverse possession that could have been ripe prior to the time of the statute. The Cowans claimed they had adversely possessed the disputed land for more than ten years before 1980. Since title automatically vests in the adverse possessor at the end of the statutory period, the Cowans would be deprived of a valid claim, if they proved their case.
Since the factual disputes regarding the elements of adverse possession had not been determined, the case was remanded for further factual findings, particularly on the hostility element. The trial court's finding that the disputed land was validly dedicated to the Borough was vacated. If the Cowans are found to be owners at the time the plats were approved, their signatures would be required while the signatures of easement holders are not required.
Roberson v. Southwood Manor Associates, LLC
This case presents the issue of whether Alaska's Unfair Trade Practices and Consumer Protection Act (UTPA) applies to residential leases. Southwood Manor Associates, LLC (Southwood) filed a complaint against tenant Diane Roberson seeking eviction, back rent, late charges, and other damages. Roberson filed an answer and class action counterclaims alleging in part that the late charges violated the UTPA. The trial court held that the UTPA does not apply to residential leases. The Supreme Court granted Roberson's petition for review.
The Supreme Court first reviewed its past cases where it held that the UTPA did not apply to real estate transactions involving mortgages and the sale of standing timber. Some legislative history was reviewed including the legislature's adding some mortgage practices within the UTPA following the Supreme Court's holding that the UTPA did not apply to Mortgages. It also pointed out that the legislature's adoption of the Uniform Residential Landlord and Tenant Act was consistent with the conclusion that the UTPA did not apply to residential leases. It affirmed the decision that the UTPA does not apply to residential leases.
Horan v. Kenai Peninsula Borough Board of Equalization
This case of limited application deals with the property tax valuation of property participating in the low-income housing tax credit (LIHTC) as part of the Tax Reform Act of 1986. In it a developer can receive federal income tax credits by committing to rent to low income households at restricted rental rates. This raises issues of how the tax credits and restricted rents affect property tax assessment. Other states are briefly surveyed but have little consistency in the resolution of these issues.
Although AS 29.45.110(d) provides that the assessment is based on the actual income from the property without adjustment based on the amount of any federal income tax credit ($383,833 here), local governments can determine by ordinance whether to determine on a parcel by parcel basis whether to use the mandatory income approach. In 2005, 2006, and 2007 the Assessor valued the apartments owned by Pacific Park Limited Partnership (Pacific Park) at $2,930,700 using the cost approach. In 2007, Pacific Park had the apartments independently appraised using the income approach and the restricted rents resulting in a value of $652,000.
Pacific Park appealed the Assessor's valuation to the Borough's Board of Equalization (Board). The Board approved the use of the cost method, but based on the rent restrictions or economic obsolescence reduced the apartment's improvement value by 40%. The Assessor appealed the Board's decision to the superior court and Pacific Park cross-appealed. The superior court addressed four issues. First, the Board did not err by not adopting the income approach to value the apartments. Second, the Board did not violate state law, borough code, or legislative intent by adjusting the Assessor's valuation. Third, the Board did not err by finding the Assessor's application of the cost approach resulted in an overvalued and grossly disproportionate valuation. Finally, the facts and law supported the Board's valuation , including the 40% reduction.
The Supreme Court affirmed the use of the income approach holding that a taxing authority is allowed to choose a reasonable method for determining the value of a property "so long as there was no fraud or clear adoption of a fundamentally wrong principle of valuation." It further affirmed the superior court's approval of the Board's consideration of the rental restrictions when valuing the apartments under the cost approach. However, it found the record not clear on why 40% was chosen for the reduction or the basis for finding that the valuation was grossly disproportionate to similar properties and remanded for further proceedings on those issues.
Chambers v. Scofield
Reggie Chambers purchased a triplex from Curtis Carley in 2006. In 2007 Dana Scofield was appointed Carley's guardian due to his mental condition. Scofield subsequently sued Chambers alleging that Chambers had fraudulently induced Carley to sell the triplex for less than fair market value. The parties entered into a settlement agreement to rescind the sale and restore the parties to the position they would have been in had the sale not occurred. Adjustments were made for the down payment, rents, management, and utilities, taxes and insurance actually paid.
Additionally, Chambers was to be reimbursed for the "fair market cost" of repairs and improvements he made to the triplex. This ill chosen and undefined term became the cause of the litigation. The first appraisal by Keith Halsey, gave Chambers a credit of $25,525 for work performed on the triplex. This was a reduced amount due to poor workmanship, lack of permits, and similar deficiencies. The inclusion of value in addition to cost and the lack of clear instructions led the Superior Court to reject the appraisal.
The parties met off-record to draft rules for a new inspection byWilliam Roberts which would be attended by Judge Christen. Roberts determined the "fair market cost" to be $86,692.29 less $14,016.99 for work done to less-than-workmanlike standards. Judge Christen accepted the $86,692.29 but only reduced it by $5,693.73 for deficient work. No award was made for the profit and overhead normally part of a construction contract. She further declined to award attorneys fees and costs to either parties finding neither was fairly deemed the prevailing party in the case.
The Supreme Court (Christen not participating) affirmed the Superior Court. It pointed out there is little legal precedent defining the term "fair market cost" and no industry standard clearly indicating it includes profit and overhead. As such it would not be interpreted as part of the settlement agreement. It also pointed out that Chambers could have made it an explicit part of the agreement had he intended to be compensated for it. It further stated that it was within the trial court's discretion to deny attorney's fees and costs altogether so long as its reasons for doing so are clear in the record.
2008 Law Updates (10)


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Retired NASD® Rules
GENERAL PROVISIONS (0100)
MEMBERSHIP AND REGISTRATION RULES (1000)
1000. MEMBERSHIP, REGISTRATION AND QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
IM-1000-1. Filing of Misleading Information as to Membership or Registration
IM-1000-2. Status of Persons Serving in the Armed Forces of the United States
IM-1000-3. Failure to Register Personnel
IM-1000-4. Branch Offices and Offices of Supervisory Jurisdiction
1010. Membership Proceedings
1011. Definitions
1012. General Provisions
1013. New Member Application and Interview
1014. Department Decision
1015. Review by National Adjudicatory Council
1016. Discretionary Review by FINRA Board
1017. Application for Approval of Change in Ownership, Control, or Business Operations
1018. Reserved
1019. Application to Commission for Review
1020. Registration of Principals
1021. Registration Requirements
1022. Categories of Principal Registration
IM-1022-1. Limited Principal—Registered Options and Security Futures
IM-1022-2. Limited Principal—General Securities Sales Supervisor
1030. Registration of Representatives
1040. Registration of Assistant Representatives and Proctors
1050. Registration of Research Analysts
1060. Persons Exempt from Registration
1070. Qualification Examinations and Waiver of Requirements
1080. Confidentiality of Examinations
1090. Foreign Members
1100. Foreign Associates
1120. Continuing Education Requirements
1130. Reliance on Current Membership List
1140. Electronic Filing Rules
1150. Executive Representative
1160. Contact Information Requirements
CONDUCT RULES (2000–3000)
MARKETPLACE RULES (4000–7000)
PROCEDURAL RULES (8000–14000)
Retired Incorporated NYSE Rules
Retired Incorporated NYSE Rule Interpretations
Location: FINRA Manual > Retired Rules > Retired NASD® Rules > MEMBERSHIP AND REGISTRATION RULES (1000) > 1000. MEMBERSHIP, REGISTRATION AND QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS > 1020. Registration of Principals > 1022. Categories of Principal Registration
(9 versions)
Nov 15 2006 - Jun 22 2008Jun 23 2008 - Nov 1 2009Nov 2 2009 - Dec 30 2009Dec 31 2009 - Dec 30 2012Dec 31 2012 - Feb 3 2013Feb 4 2013 - Dec 30 2015Dec 31 2015 - Jan 3 2016Jan 4 2016 - Sep 30 2018 Oct 1 2018 onwards
(7 links)
09-41 SEC Approves Rule Change Creating New Limited Representative – Investment Banker Registration Category and Series 79 Investment Banking Exam; Effective Date: November 2, 2009
08-28 SEC Approves Amendments to Eliminate the Requirement for the Senior Registered and Compliance Registered Options Principals (SROP and CROP); Effective Date: June 23, 2008
06-63 Amendments to Registration Rules Extending the Date by which Eligible Registrants must Complete Continuing Education Program before Engaging in Security Futures Activities; Effective Date: November 15, 2006
04-81 SEC Approves New NASD Qualification Requirements for Supervisors of Research Analysts
03-20 Technical Changes to the NASD Registration Rules
01-52 SEC Approves NASD Rule Proposal Relating To Registration Requirements For Limited Principals-Financial And Operations And Limited Principals-Introducing Broker/Dealer Financial And Operations
01-51 SEC Approves NASD Rule Proposal Requiring Registration Of Chief Compliance Officers
This rule is no longer applicable. NASD Rule 1022 has been superseded by FINRA Rule 1200 Series. Please consult the appropriate FINRA Rule.
(a) General Securities Principal
(1) Each person associated with a member who is included within the definition of principal in Rule 1021, and each person designated as a Chief Compliance Officer on Schedule A of Form BD, shall be required to register with the Association as a General Securities Principal and shall pass an appropriate Qualification Examination before such registration may become effective unless such person's activities are so limited as to qualify such person for one or more of the limited categories of principal registration specified hereafter. A person whose activities in the investment banking or securities business are so limited is not, however, precluded from attempting to become qualified for registration as a General Securities Principal, and if qualified, may become so registered.
(A) Subject to paragraphs (a)(1)(B), (a)(2), (a)(5) and (a)(6), each person seeking to register and qualify as a General Securities Principal must, prior to or concurrent with such registration, become registered, pursuant to the Rule 1030 Series, either as a General Securities Representative or a Limited Representative—Corporate Securities.
(B) A person seeking to register and qualify as a General Securities Principal who will have supervisory responsibility over investment banking activities described in NASD Rule 1032(i)(1) must, prior to or concurrent with such registration, become registered as a Limited Representative—Investment Banking.
(C) A person who has been designated as a Chief Compliance Officer on Schedule A of Form BD for at least two years immediately prior to January 1, 2002, and who has not been subject within the last ten years to any statutory disqualification as defined in Section 3(a)(39) of the Act; a suspension; or the imposition of a fine of $5,000 or more for violation of any provision of any securities law or regulation, or any agreement with or rule or standard of conduct of any securities governmental agency, securities self-regulatory organization, or as imposed by any such regulatory or self-regulatory organization in connection with a disciplinary proceeding shall be required to register as a General Securities Principal, but shall be exempt from the requirement to pass the appropriate Qualification Examination. If such person has acted as a Chief Compliance Officer for a member whose business is limited to the solicitation, purchase and/or sale of "government securities," as that term is defined in Section 3(a)(42)(A) of the Act, or the activities described in Rule 1022(d)(1)(A) or Rule 1022(e)(2), he or she shall be exempt from the requirement to pass the appropriate Qualification Examination only if he or she registers as a Government Securities Principal, or a Limited Principal pursuant to Rules 1022(d) or Rule 1022(e), as the case may be, and restricts his or her activities as required by such registration category. A Chief Compliance Officer who is subject to the Qualification Examination requirement shall be allowed a period of 90 calendar days following January 1, 2002, within which to pass the appropriate Qualification Examination for Principals.
(2) A Limited Representative—Corporate Securities seeking registration as General Securities Principal who will have supervisory responsibility over the conduct of business in investment company and variable contracts products and/or direct participation programs as defined herein must, prior to or concurrent with registration as a General Securities principal, become registered pursuant to the Rule 1030 Series hereof, as a Limited Representative—Investment Company and Variable Contracts Products and/or a Limited Representative—Direct Participation Programs.
(3) Except as provided in Rule 1021(c), a person who was registered with NASD as a Principal, shall not be required to pass a Qualification Examination for General Securities Principal and shall be qualified as a General Securities Principal.
(4) A person registered solely as a General Securities Principal shall not be qualified to function as a Limited Principal—Financial and Operations; Limited Principal—Registered Options and Security Futures; Limited Principal—General Securities Sales Supervisor; Municipal Securities Principal; or Municipal Fund Securities Limited Principal, unless that person is also qualified and registered as such.
(5) A person registered solely as a General Securities Principal shall not be qualified to supervise the conduct of a "research analyst" as defined in Rule 1050, or a supervisory analyst qualified pursuant to Rule 344 of the New York Stock Exchange who approves research reports on equity securities as permitted by Rule 2210(b)(1), unless such principal has passed a Qualification Examination as specified by the Board of Governors.
(A) Each person associated with a member who is included within the definition of principal in Rule 1021 and who will have supervisory responsibility over the securities trading activities described in Rule 1032(f)(1) shall become qualified and registered as a Securities Trader Principal. To qualify for registration as a Securities Trader Principal, such person shall become qualified and registered as a Securities Trader under Rule 1032(f) and pass the General Securities Principal qualification examination. A person who is qualified and registered as a Securities Trader Principal under this subparagraph (A) may only have supervisory responsibility over the activities specified in Rule 1032(f)(1), unless such person is separately qualified and registered in another appropriate principal registration category, such as the General Securities Principal registration category.
(B) A person who is registered as a General Securities Principal shall not be qualified to supervise the trading activities described in Rule 1032(f)(1), unless such person has also become qualified and registered as a Securities Trader under Rule 1032(f) by passing the Securities Trader qualification examination and become registered as a Securities Trader Principal.
(b) Limited Principal—Financial and Operations
(1) Every member of the Association, that is operating pursuant to the provisions of SEC Rule 15c3-1(a)(1)(ii), (a)(2)(i) or (a)(8), shall designate as Limited Principal—Financial and Operations those persons associated with it, at least one of whom shall be its chief financial officer, who performs the duties described in subparagraph (2) hereof. Each person associated with a member who performs such duties shall be required to register as a Limited Principal—Financial and Operations with the Association and shall pass an appropriate Qualification Examination before such registration may become effective.
(2) The term "Limited Principal—Financial and Operations" shall mean a person associated with a member whose duties include:
(A) final approval and responsibility for the accuracy of financial reports submitted to any duly established securities industry regulatory body;
(B) final preparation of such reports;
(C) supervision of individuals who assist in the preparation of such reports;
(D) supervision of and responsibility for individuals who are involved in the actual maintenance of the member's books and records from which such reports are derived;
(E) supervision and/or performance of the member's responsibilities under all financial responsibility rules promulgated pursuant to the provisions of the Act;
(F) overall supervision of and responsibility for the individuals who are involved in the administration and maintenance of the member's back office operations; or
(G) any other matter involving the financial and operational management of the member.
(3) A person registered solely as a Limited Principal—Financial and Operations shall not be qualified to function in a principal capacity with responsibility over any area of business activity not described in subparagraph (2) hereof.
(c) Limited Principal—Introducing Broker/Dealer Financial and Operations
(1) Every member of the Association, that is subject to the requirements of SEC Rule 15c3-1, other than a member operating pursuant to SEC Rule 15c3-1(a)(1)(ii), (a)(2)(i) or (a)(8) in which case paragraph (b) shall apply, shall designate as Limited Principal—Introducing Broker/Dealer Financial and Operations those persons associated with it, at least one of whom shall be its chief financial officer, who perform the duties described in subparagraph (2) hereof. Each person associated with a member who performs such duties shall be required to register as a Limited Principal—Introducing Broker/Dealer Financial and Operations with the Association and shall pass an appropriate Qualification Examination before such registration may become effective.
(2) The term "Limited Principal—Introducing Broker/Dealer Financial and Operations" shall mean a person associated with a member whose duties include:
(A) final approval and responsibilities for the accuracy of financial reports submitted to any duly established securities industry regulatory body;
(3) Except as provided in Rule 1021(c), a person designated pursuant to the provisions of subparagraph (1) hereof, shall not be required to take the Limited Principal—Introducing Broker/Dealer Financial and Operations Examination and shall be qualified for registration as a Limited Principal—Introducing Broker/Dealer Financial and Operations if such a person is qualified to be registered or is registered as a Limited Principal—Financial and Operations as defined in paragraph (b)(2) hereof.
(4) A person registered solely as a Limited Principal—Introducing Broker/Dealer Financial and Operations shall not be qualified to function in a principal capacity with responsibility over any area of business activity not prescribed in subparagraph (2), hereof. Such person shall not be qualified to function in a principal capacity at a member unless such member operates under subparagraph (1), hereof.
(d) Limited Principal—Investment Company and Variable Contracts Products
(1) Each person associated with a member who is included within the definition of principal in Rule 1021, may register with the Association as a Limited Principal—Investment Company and Variable Contracts Products if:
(A) his activities in the investment banking and securities business are limited to the solicitation, purchase and/or sale of:
(i) redeemable securities of companies registered pursuant to the Investment Company Act of 1940;
(ii) securities of closed-end companies registered pursuant to the Investment Company Act of 1940 during the period of original distribution only; and,
(iii) variable contracts and insurance premium funding programs and other contracts issued by an insurance company except contracts which are exempt securities pursuant to Section 3(a)(8) of the Securities Act of 1933;
(B) he is registered, pursuant to Rule 1030 Series, as either a General Securities Representative or a Limited Representative—Investment Company and Variable Contracts Products; and
(C) he passes an appropriate Qualification Examination for Limited Principal—Investment Company and Variable Contracts Products.
(2) A person registered solely as a Limited Principal—Investment Company and Variable Contracts Products shall not be qualified to function in a principal capacity with responsibility over any area of business activity not prescribed in subparagraph (1) hereof.
(e) Limited Principal—Direct Participation Programs
(1) Each person associated with a member who is included within the definition of principal in Rule 1021 may register with the Association as a Limited Principal—Direct Participation Program if:
(A) his activities in the investment banking and securities business are limited solely to the equity interests in or the debt of direct participation programs as defined in subparagraph (2) hereof;
(B) he is registered pursuant to the Rule 1030 Series, as either a General Securities Representative or a Limited Representative—Direct Participation Programs; and
(C) he passes an appropriate Qualification Examination for Limited Principal—Direct Participation Programs.
(2) For purposes of the Rule 1000 Series, "direct participation programs" shall mean programs that provide for flow-through tax consequences regardless of the structure of the legal entity or vehicle for distribution including, but not limited to, oil and gas programs, cattle programs, condominium securities, Subchapter S corporate offerings and all other programs of a similar nature, regardless of the industry represented by the program, or any combination thereof. Excluded from this definition are real estate investment trusts, tax qualified pension and profit sharing plans pursuant to Sections 401 and 403(a) of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) and individual retirement plans under Section 408 of the Code, tax sheltered annuities pursuant to the provisions of Section 403(b) of the Code and any company including separate accounts registered pursuant to the Investment Company Act of 1940. Also excluded from this definition is any program that is listed on a national securities exchange or any program for which an application for listing on a national securities exchange has been made.
(3) A person registered solely as a Limited Principal—Direct Participation Programs shall not be qualified to function in a principal capacity with responsibility over any area of business activity not prescribed in subparagraph (1) hereof.
(f) Limited Principal—Registered Options and Security Futures
(1) Every member of NASD that is engaged in, or that intends to engage in transactions in security futures or options with the public shall have at least one Registered Options and Security Futures Principal who shall have satisfied the requirements of this subparagraph. Every person engaged in the supervision of options and security futures sales practices, including a person designated pursuant to Rule 3010(a)(2) shall be registered as a Registered Options and Security Futures Principal.
(2) Each person required by subparagraph (f)(1) to be a Registered Options and Security Futures Principal shall pass the appropriate Qualification Examination for Registered Options and Security Futures Principal, or an equivalent examination acceptable to the Association, for the purpose of demonstrating an adequate knowledge of options and security futures trading generally, the Rules of the Association applicable to trading of option and security futures contracts and the rules of registered clearing agencies for options and security futures, and be registered as such before engaging in the duties or accepting the responsibilities of a Registered Options and Security Futures Principal.
(3) Each person required to register and qualify as a Registered Options and Security Futures Principal must, prior to or concurrent with such registration, be or become qualified pursuant to the Rule 1030 Series, as either a General Securities Representative or a Limited Representative—Corporate Securities and a Registered Options and Security Futures Representative.
(4) A person registered solely as a Registered Options and Security Futures Principal shall not be qualified to function in a principal capacity with responsibility over any area of business activity not prescribed in subparagraph (1).
(5) Any person who is registered with NASD as a Registered Options and Security Futures Principal, or who becomes registered as a Registered Options and Security Futures Principal, must complete a firm-element continuing education program that addresses security futures and a principal's responsibilities for security futures before such person can supervise security futures activities.
(g) Limited Principal—General Securities Sales Supervisor
(1) Each person associated with a member who is included in the definition of principal in Rule 1021 may register with the Association as a Limited Principal—General Securities Sales Supervisor if:
(A) his supervisory responsibilities in the investment banking and securities business are limited to the securities sales activities of a member, including the training of sales and sales supervisory personnel and the maintenance of records of original entry and/or ledger accounts of the member required to be maintained in branch offices by SEC record keeping rules;
(B) he is registered pursuant to the Rule 1030 series as a General Securities Representative; and
(C) he is qualified to be so registered by passing an appropriate examination.
(2) A person registered in this category solely on the basis of having passed the Qualification Examination for Limited Principal—General Securities Sales Supervisor shall NOT be qualified to:
(A) function in a principal capacity with responsibility over any area of business activity not prescribed in subparagraph (1);
(B) be included for purposes of the principal numerical requirements of Rule 1021(e)(1); or
(C) perform for a member any or all of the following activities:
(i) supervision of the origination and structuring of underwritings;
(ii) supervision of market making commitments;
(iii) supervision of the custody of firm or customer funds or securities for purposes of SEC Rule 15c3-3; or
(iv) supervision of overall compliance with financial responsibility rules for broker-dealers promulgated pursuant to the provisions of the Act.
(3) Any person who is registered with NASD as a Limited Principal—General Securities Sales Supervisor, or who becomes registered as a Limited Principal—General Securities Sales Supervisor, must complete a firm-element continuing education program that addresses security futures and a principal's responsibilities for security futures before such person can supervise security futures activities.
(h) Limited Principal—Government Securities
(1) All persons associated with a member not previously registered as a principal who are to function as government securities principals shall be registered as such with NASD.
(2) Each person associated with a member must be registered as a Limited Principal—Government Securities if such person is:
(A) engaged in the management or supervision of the member's government securities business, including:
(i) underwriting, trading or sales of government securities;
(ii) financial advisory or consultant services for issuers in connection with the issuance of government securities;
(iii) research or investment advice, other than general economic information or advice, with respect to government securities in connection with the activities described in (i) and (ii) above;
(iv) activities other than those specifically described above that involve communication, directly or indirectly, with public investors in government securities in connection with the activities described in (i) and (ii) above; or
(B) responsible for supervision of:
(i) the processing and clearance activities with respect to government securities; or
(ii) the maintenance of records involving any of the activities described in paragraph (2)(A) above.
(3) Notification of Principal Status
A member shall promptly notify NASD when an individual not previously registered with the member as a principal assumes the duties of a principal on the form designated by the Board accompanied by the applicable fees.
Amended by SR-FINRA-2015-052 eff. Dec. 31, 2015.
Amended by SR-FINRA-2007-035 eff. June 23, 2008.
Amended by SR-NASD-2006-118 eff. Nov. 15, 2006.
Amended by SR-NASD-2005-087 eff. Aug. 1, 2006.
Amended by SR-NASD-2003-24 eff. March 3, 2003.
Amended by SR-NASD-2002-40 eff. Oct. 15, 2002.
Amended by SR-NASD-2000-77 eff. Sept. 17, 2001.
Amended by SR-NASD-97-28 eff. Aug. 7, 1997.
Amended by SR-NASD-95-39 eff. Aug 20, 1996.
Amended by SR-NASD-91-65 eff. Mar. 4, 1992.
Amended by SR-NASD-89-24 eff. Aug. 24, 1989.
Amended by SR-NASD-80-01 eff. June 26, 1980.
Amended by SR-NASD-78-16 eff. May 30, 1979.
Amended by SR-NASD-77-23 eff. Nov. 15, 1978.
Selected Notices: 01-51, 01-52, 03-20, 04-81, 08-28, 09-41, 15-45.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
MovieChat Forums > Freud (1962) Discussion > Composer Jerry Goldsmiths music is okay ...
Composer Jerry Goldsmiths music is okay but........
posted 9 years ago by hootson21
5 replies | jump to latest
.......but I would love to have heard Bernard Hermann compose the music for this film. With all those heavy brooding chords he has in his music he would have captured the tone of the film perfectly.
[–] jolacora 9 years ago
The movie is quite Hitchckockian too :) Hitchcock was very interested in Freud, according to Zizek.
[–] Lonixcap 7 years ago
Goldsmith was recommended to do this score by none other than Alfred Newman, who was working on Flower Drum Song at Universal during the same time Freud was being made.
He had noticed JG's work on the Thriller tv series and insisted to the execs at the studio that Goldsmith was the right choice to do the music for Freud.
The score earned Jerry his first Oscar nomination and led to his long-term contract at Fox, and his career took off.
I think his score to Freud is effective and dramatically appropriate.
Of course Herrmann would have done an excellent job, but this was a key assignment in Jerry Goldsmith's early career.
[–] CatTales 7 years ago
Jerry reused a cue or two from "Freud" in "Alien," but for copyright reasons those cues have never been included in legit "Alien" soundtrack releases.
[–] soerenft 7 years ago
Actually, the inclusion of music from Freud in Alien was a a desicion made by director Ridley Scott. Goldsmith was against it.
[–] devoe-3 5 years ago
Terry Rawlings maintains that while the use of Howard Hanson's Romantic Symphony was their decision, the Freud cues were retained at the demand of the studio.


With a new year underway, it's a great time to stop and evaluate how to improve the ministry programs at your church. It's easy to get stuck in routines and fail to see underdeveloped areas that might benefit from extra attention. Consider some of the following 10 resolutions to determine how to improve your volunteer ministry programs this year.
When temperatures drop and schedules fill up, there's little doubt that the holiday season is approaching. For a ministry scheduler, this can be a daunting time. Volunteers often have less mental space for communication and even fewer hours to dedicate to meetings, emails, and other common communication methods. Consider some of the following tips to help cut down on some of the biggest pitfalls of communication during the craziness of Christmas.
Learning something new can feel daunting. But a supportive community makes all the difference. This is why Ministry Scheduler Pro's active Google Group of nearly 900 members is one of MSP's biggest perks. It's a space for users to find answers to many common scheduling questions in a real world context.


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PHOTOS: The "Most Beautiful Home for Sale in Wisconsin"
Take a look inside the most beautiful home for sale in Wisconsin, according to Architectural Digest. The 7 bedroom, 11 bathroom mansion comes with a hefty price tag, nearly $9 million.
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SUMMING IT UP: Grand Forks Council rocks, talks and saves the birds?
by Mona Mattei on Thursday Apr 12 2012
Staff Sergeant Jim Harrison during his presentation on crime stats to Grand Forks Council with Jenny Coleshill looking on; Photo, Mona Mattei
Council members gearing up for a fundraiser to support the victims of the recent hotel fires, Whispers of Hope appeals for funding to shore up their operational costs, and the RCMP reports a steady decline in crime last year, an interesting mix of business for Grand Forks council's last meeting.
Staff Sergeant Jim Harrison gave the city a relatively clean bill of health in his annual presentation on policing. Harrison said that the Boundary saw a 19 percent decrease in overall crime since 2010, almost at the provincial average, and lower than Castlegar, Trail and Nelson based on rates per 1000 population.
"Part of our strategy in this community, besides working on crime reduction initiatives, has been to involve the public and the community as much as we can through programs such as restorative justice and citizens on patrol," Harrison commented.
"I think that's made a difference. We have people out there who care about their community, who are providing a great service and we're seeing the results on the statistics."
Key types of crime where Grand Forks saw decreases include wilful damage, vehicle thefts, break and enter for both businesses and homes. Harrison attributes the decrease to intelligence-like policing strategy and their diligence in reducing drug-related crime in the area.
"This helps us to target the resources that we do have at the areas where we know they will have the impact," Harrison added. "We have limited resources. We have to put them in the right place and we have to use them effectively. That's what's happened in the last four years."
Harrison agreed with Mayor Brian Taylor who added that if there could be more support for mental health patients in the region, one could see another drop in crime rates.
"We have what we call priority offenders," explained Harrison. "They're not really criminals, but they're a burden on all of the agencies because they have unresolved issues that they haven't received assistance with….(they) don't need to be in the criminal justice system. Somewhere the rest of the system failed (them)."
Whispers of closing
Although the city is well into their budget process, Lisa Fichtenberg called on the city to consider a grant of $10,000 to the Whispers of Hope, one-fifth of their operational costs.
"The fact of the matter is that we are facing closure due to the fact that we are running out of money," Fichtenberg said, "The cost of running the place has increased dramatically over the years."
The organization provides a soup kitchen, outreach for vulnerable people, and even substance abuse assistance as needed. They not only have their doors open for warmth and meals, but provide clothing and household items that people might not otherwise be able to afford for a nominal, or no cost.
Open six days a week, Whispers sees about 50 – 70 clients a day, and that number rises in the summer, said Fichtenberg. They co-ordinate their services with the Boundary Emergency and Transitional Housing Society who operates the extreme weather shelter and the Boundary Food Bank. Most of their clients are on a disability pension, or are low income employed people who cannot afford the basics
"We fell behind in our co-ordinator wages, our rent, our utilities a few months ago," added Fichtenberg. "The food isn't really the problem, the problem is keeping the bills paid."
Council referred the request to the list of other funding applications that were undecided at their last meeting.
Woodpecker lives here
Well not the cartoon character, but the Lewis woodpecker, an endangered species, certainly likes the Boundary. Jenny Coleshill, member of the newly formed Boundary Habitat Stewards, asked Grand Forks to consider signing a stewardship agreement to manage habitat for this bird.
"The City of Grand Forks came up (in a recent study) as one of the highest priority areas because there's a great number of Lewis woodpeckers here compared to anywhere else in B.C.," said Coleshill. "The numbers are 350 – 400 breeding pairs in all of B.C. and 33 of them are inside the city limits."
As a result of the study, the federal government is doing a long term monitoring program for the birds and they chose Grand Forks and Kamloops with a goal to increase the population by 50 percent in 25 years.
The Boundary Habitat Stewards are a group of professionals who are working together to give a voice to local habitat issues. Members include biologists, foresters, and other professionals concerned with local issues.
Coleshill left council with a copy of their proposed agreement which includes a commitment to conservation methods in managing danger trees which may be wildlife trees, and a copy of a green bylaws toolkit that council could use as a reference in future bylaws.
Musicians with a cause
Councillor Gary Smith has gathered forces with Mayor Brian Taylor and other local musicians for Sunday evening's fundraiser for the recent hotel fire victims. Five bands are gearing up to rock the Grand Forks Curling Rink Sunday from 4 – 9 p.m.
The bands are: Generation 2.0, Buck Naked & the Saddle Tramps, Bugsy & the Satellite Blues, Cauldera, and Dave's Not Here. Tickets are $10 at the door, and the money will all be placed in the CIBC trust fund set up for the victims.
And don't forget to pick up your own heritage coffee mug, created by Contact Photo Arts and Les Johnson, as yet another way to donate to the fund. The cups are for sale in Value Drug, Select Office, gallery 2 and CIBC.
CETA a threat to local purchasing
In support of a letter put forward by the Village of New Denver to the federal Minister of International Trade, council agreed to protest the potential damage the Comprehensive Economic Trade Agreement (CETA) between the European Union and Canada will have on small communities if it is approved.
"I'm disturbed that there's a considerable potential that they are trying to negotiate government procurement and operating of municipal services," said Smith. "I think this is an opportunity to make our voices known in this whole process before it's done behind our backs and fed to us on a plate."
The motion, calling for an exemption for local governments from the agreement on the grounds that it will impact its ability to procure goods and services locally and potentially control over its government facilities including waterworks, was unanimously passed.
Gun shot fired into Salmo home results in arrest of woman
Jan 15 2021 - 12:28pm
Hard work pays dividends with new ladder truck for Big White Fire Department


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O moralismo é uma filosofia surgida no século XIX que se preocupa em imbuir a sociedade de um determinado conjunto de morais, geralmente de comportamento tradicional, mas também de "justiça, liberdade e igualdade". Tem afetado fortemente a cultura norte-americana e britânica, tanto no que diz respeito a questões privadas como a unidade familiar e sexualidade, quanto a questões que passam para a praça pública, como o movimento da temperança.

História
Ao rastrear as origens do moralismo, o sociólogo Malcolm Waters escreve que "o moralismo surgiu de um choque entre o caráter irrestrito do expansionismo de fronteira, uma classe média, ênfase protestante na respeitabilidade cultivada em pequenas cidades da América e um evangelismo igualitário e anti-intelectual entre fragmentar grupos protestantes. "

No século XIX as questões de abolição e temperança formaram os "pilares gêmeos" do moralismo, tornando-se populares por meio das igrejas cristãs nos Estados Unidos, tanto protestantes quanto católicas romanas. O moralismo promovido por algumas denominações cristãs, como os quakers, manifestou-se em amplo apoio ao abolicionismo.

A ascensão do pós-milenalismo no século XIX "encorajou uma cultura geral do moralismo protestante e empurrou-o para uma série de movimentos de reforma social, desde o antiescravismo e o abolicionismo (liberdade para os escravos agora), aos protestos contra a remoção dos índios, aos esforços contra a guerra e pela paz, aos direitos das mulheres, ao trabalho de temperança antes e depois da Guerra Civil. " Como tal, a campanha pelo sufrágio feminino, evidenciada pelo ethos de organizações como a Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), foi altamente impulsionada pelo moralismo da época.

Na última parte do século XX, assim como no século XXI, os moralistas nos Estados Unidos voltaram sua atenção para defender o movimento pró-vida. Os moralistas também concentraram seus esforços em manter as leis azuis, como as que desencorajam as compras dominicais, de acordo com as crenças sabatistas do primeiro dia que tentam entrar em ressonância com as sensibilidades dos trabalhadores e sindicatos. O moralistas do século XXI também defendem guerras humanitárias.

Ligações externas
 União Mundial Feminina Cristã de Temperança (WWCTU)
 A Aliança do Dia do Senhor dos EUA

Sindicatos
Moralidade
Abolicionismo
Correntes e movimentos teológicos
História dos movimentos sociais

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Revealed: scandal of squandered overseas aid
Jill Sherman
April 17 2015, 1:01am, The Times
An investigation by The Times found that hundreds of 'team leaders' on aid projects earn at least £120,000 a yearFiona Hanson/PA
Britain is paying professional aid staff up to £1,000 a day to work in Africa and Asia as part of a spending frenzy to meet a government target.
Spending on consultants has doubled in the past four years to £1.4 billion, with the bill for outside help now eating up more than 10 per cent of the aid budget.
The figures prompted anger. "When people think of overseas aid they think of people who have had their homes damaged by an earthquake, a hurricane or a tsunami — they don't expect to be lining the pockets of consultant fat cats," said Philip Davies, the Tory candidate for Shipley.
"This is what happens when you are judged only by how much you are spending. How you…


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How Far Has World Bank Reached With Its Goal Of Eradication Of Poverty By 2030?
Poverty has been rapidly decreasing over the last three decades; still, more than 1 billion people worldwide live in destitution despite the amalgam of advanced technology and resources of today's world. Rising inequality and social exclusion further enhance the grievances significantly. In such a setup, the World Bank has adopted the mission to create a world free of poverty via certain ambitious but achievable goals.
They strive to reduce extreme global poverty, that is, people surviving on less than 1.25 dollar per day, to no more than 3 per cent by 2030.
The second overarching goal is to promote shared prosperity, which indicates to the establishment of a sustainable increase of well-being and living standards of the poorer segments of society of every country.
They plan to achieve these targets by promoting environmental, social and fiscal sustainability along with developing sustained social inclusion and limiting the amount of financial debt inherited by future generations.
These goals also hold a promise of progress in non-monetary fields of welfare like nutrition, health, education, ensuring participation in socio-political spheres and availability of essential infrastructures to all segments of society.
However, reducing poverty in the low-income countries of Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia will serve to be a challenge. In countries like Burundi, Liberia, Madagascar and the Democratic Republic of Congo, the extreme poverty rate is over 80 per cent. Even after reaching the desired 3 per cent rate of extreme global poverty, destitution could still exist in some of the poorest countries or Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations (FCS).
Severe institutional and policy challenges would force the countries to bear extreme poverty for a more extended period. The lowermost 40 per cent of the social hierarchy pyramid of every nation would undergo an income growth to achieve shared prosperity. The most effective way of reducing poverty, lies in a better labour market engagement in the form of easy access to multiple better-paying jobs.
Nonetheless, the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic has delved a significant blow on the World Bank's aspirations of eradicating extreme poverty by 2030. About 250 million people are now standing on the threshold of starvation, according to the UN.
The report of UN Special Rapporteur Mr Olivier De Schutter states that the governments have banked on economic growth to lift people out of poverty through Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and they can claim progress despite having none, as the World Bank has set the poverty line considerably low.
According to the report, around 176 million people would be pushed into extreme poverty which would further lead to continuous neglect of low-income people, including women, migrant workers and refugees.
De Schutter said, "Growth alone, without far more robust redistribution of wealth, would fail to tackle poverty effectively. Based on historical growth rates, it would take 200 years to eradicate poverty under a 5 dollar a day line and would require a 173-fold increase in global GDP. It is an entirely unrealistic prospect, not least since it does not take into account the environmental degradation associated with the economic growth, or the impacts of climate change on poverty itself."
He believes that extreme poverty is not only a result of low income, but a collective evil formed out of disempowerment, institutional and social abuse and discrimination. Until an inclusive society is built depending on a rights-based empowering approach, poverty won't be eradicated.
The World Bank has observed the extreme global poverty is expected to rise for the first time in over 20 years as the result of the pandemic. It is estimated that an additional 150 million people would face extreme poverty by 2021, based on the severity of economic contraction.
According to the Poverty and Shared Prosperity Report, the global poverty rate, which was expected to drop to 7.9 per cent in 2020, would likely hit 9.1 per cent to 9.4 per cent of world population. The pandemic, along with the problems of conflict and climate change, is seemingly taking the World Bank's goals beyond reach. Without swift, significant and substantial policy action, the global poverty rate would be at about only 7 per cent by 2030.
Unless collective action is taken by the nations and leaders all over the world, and develop an alternate economy post-COVID to find new ways of accommodating labour, capital, skills and innovative ideas, eradicating extreme poverty will be a distant dream. The World Bank calls upon the countries to engage in collective action, which would be supported by the World Bank Group to help the developing countries to work towards a sustainable and inclusive health, social and economic recovery.
Related Topics:CoronavirusCOVID19Global PovertyPandemicPovertySustainable DevelopmentWork Bank
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An ardent literature lover with my mind constantly travelling through far-off unexplored worlds. A lover of languages and cultures--the sweetest language in the world being my mother-tongue. Chasing the Northern Lights...taking one step closer. My pen is my sword. #BongAtHeart
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Gauri Godbole
On July 26, 2021, Lok Sabha passed a bill under the ministry of Food Processing Industry. The bill is titled as National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Bill, 2021. The main motive of this bill is to address issues with the Food Processing Industry, Entrepreneurship and one Institution for National Importance. With the passing of this bill, the Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT) and National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM) is now merged as Institutions of National Importance, and it aims at providing various research and advancement in learning about the Food Industry and its associated branches. The bill was first introduced in the house in February 2019 but was pending due to protest by the opposition.
Significance of Institutions of National Importance (INI)
With the passing of this bill, the institutions enjoy greater autonomy through which they can carry out various courses, research attracting skilled faculties and students from all over the country and overseas. Good standards in education will be adopted to improve the present and future of education in this branch and sector, overcoming the technological gap in the country. This law aims to improve and introduce new changes in food, bio-nanotechnology, cold chain technology etc. The desired efforts will be taken in terms of human resources and infrastructure developments, labs for research etc. Liberty to open centres anywhere in India is also granted to INI and include courses regarding food technology certification and improving the workforce of the country.
Some other important features of this act are the Institution has been authorized with the Board of Government, Senate and other acting Authorities. The Council of Board will include 16 members from different branches from the same field. The Head will be Chairperson, who will be a skilled person from the Food Industry, the Director, Dean and Registrar. Members appointed from Centre and State Governments, Members from FSSAI and Council of Agriculture Research, as mentioned in the bill. The 16 members of the board will carry out work of taking administrative decisions, creating annual budgets and paths for institution progress as an organization, establishing departments, their appointment terms of services, faculties etc. The Board of Council also holds power to grant Honorary Degrees and Diplomas. The Senate shall be the principal academic body of the Institute, consisting of the people such as Director as the Chairperson; Registrar; Full-time skilled level Professor; and Three academically skilled Individuals nominated by the board from the field.
The Union Minister of Food Processing Industry, Mr Pashupati Kumar Paras, expressed his gratitude to PM Modi for this landmark step in this industry from his Twitter handle, indicating new opportunities in Food Technology Industries. Therefore, this Act looks promising on paper with new opportunities and in Educational Development. Amidst the Pegasus Spyware and repeal of the farm laws, this looks positive from the Modi Government.
लोकसभा में आज, राष्ट्रीय खाद्य प्रौद्योगिकी, उद्यमिता और प्रबंध संस्थान विधेयक, 2021 (निफ्टेम विधेयक, 2021) को पारित किया गया।
इस विधेयक के पारित होने पर इससे जुड़े हर व्यक्ति को बधाई देता हूँ और साथ ही खाद्य प्रसंस्करण से जुड़े छात्रों को भी बधाई देता हूँ। @MOFPI_GOI
— Pashupati Kumar Paras (@PashupatiParas) July 26, 2021
Mayura Ghate
Pegasus is a spyware that can hack the victims' mobile phones and read their SMS messages and emails. The Pegasus spyware is owned by an Israeli software company named NSO Group. According to the various reports, this company has targeted more than 50,000 phone numbers at the Global level, of which 300 are in India for surveillance.
The news broke out after the 17 media partners investigated. This investigation brought into the picture information about a leaked database of mobile telephone numbers of Indian Ministers, Opposition leaders, journalists, the legal community, business people, government officials, scientists, activists and many influential personalities of the nation.
Pegasus Spyware and India
According to the report by the agency, the Israeli company which sells Pegasus around the world says that its clients are confined to 'vetted governments", believed to number 36. The NSO Group also says that 'the target list in India is not ours, never was.' Their refusal of the leaked database has created a loophole in understanding this case.
This whole case has violated the integrity of democratic institutions. According to the report by the agencies, after the mobile phones of the opposition leader Rahul Gandhi and various other leaders were hacked under the Pegasus spyware surveillance. Multiple tweets were made against the Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP) government in India. This whole case has become one of the major threats in the political arena and the Indian Democracy.
Though at the start, it was used for national security purposes. The explosive expansion of surveillance technology vendors has become a vast human rights and a global security issue. If such surveillance technologies increase, it might cause a lot of problems to countries around the globe. Hence, as a precaution, all these countries need to work on regulating this technology.
According to the reports by the agency, one of the targeted phones by the Pegasus spyware was of the former election commissioner of India, Ashok Lavasa. Various such people and such opposition leaders were somehow against the BJP government having their phones hacked with the NSO-owned spyware. All these instances and the names in the leaked list have pointed figures towards the Modi Government.
The Modi government's stand on this case was put forward in Lok Sabha by two serving ministers, Ashwini Vaishnaw and Prahlad Singh Patel. These two leaders were also featured in the leaked database. The recent Information Technology Minister, Ashwini Vaishnaw defended the BJP government in the parliament by saying, "the expose was an attempt to malign Indian democracy and its well-established institutions." She even said, 'any form of illegal surveillance is not possible with the checks and balances in our laws and robust institutions.'
This case has adjourned the parliament proceedings due to the protests inside and outside the house of parliament by the opposition party.
Pegasus Spyware and World.
In the statement given to the agency, Access Now, an organisation defending the digital rights of global users, said it was outraged that products sold by NSO were allegedly "used to hack and invade the private communications" of thousands of people across the globe.
At a global level, France's Emmanuel Macron was targeted in the Pegasus spyware case. As the phone of French President Emmanuel Macron was hacked, the investigation was carried out and later on was published which was directed by the Paris-based non-profit journalism group Forbidden. After this case came in front of the whole world, the Pegasus spyware surveillance came into the picture.
If this continues for some more time, it will ruin India's Democratic values at a global level. As well as this might become a huge technological threat between the different nations around the globe.
Hardik Kharbanda
On the 7th of July, the union government announced the biggest cabinet expansion in the 7 years of NDA rule. The recent expansion increased the size of the Council of Ministers from 53 to 77. About 43 new ministers were sworn in, 15 of which were Cabinet Ministers and 28 Ministers of State (MoS). This is the first cabinet overhaul in the second term of NDA governance.
Experts however claim that the new cabinet expansion is a pre-emptive measure to balance electoral formulae in different states ahead of the 2022 State Assembly elections. It is also conjectured that the reshuffle comes as rectification of prolonged criticism about BJP's governance in the past 2 years, including the Healthcare management during the Pandemic.
The Performance Paradox
This recent cabinet expansion is a report card of the BJP government's performance in the last 2 years. Major ministerial changes, such as the resignation and replacement of Dr. Harshvardhan as the Health Minister indicate a confession of their mismanagement of the pandemic.
He has been replaced by Mansukh Mandaviya, a 2 time Rajya Sabha MP who has also been awarded by the UN for initiatives in Women's healthcare in the past. His appointment as the Health Minister is one of hope for BJP, to change and streamline (a.) the COVID-19 Pandemic response and (b.) BJP's image in the name of healthcare management.
On the contrary, Anurag Thakur's promotion from MoS Finance to a Cabinet Minister defies all logical explanations for awarding performance. Not only has India's economic condition worsened under his management, his controversial statements like "Desh ke Gadaaro ko…" do not present a strong case for him. His appointment is a political investment by BJP in Himachal Pradesh's state elections next year which happens to be Thakur's home state.
Similarly, Sitharaman's finance ministry has remained untouched, after historical mismanagement of our Finance capabilities. All of this reflects a selective approach adopted by BJP, which is one of political hesitation and hyperopic ignorance.
BJP's Political Calculator
Apart from the 'punishment' narrative, the new cabinet expansion has also given an insight into BJP's political planning. This expansion has incorporated key leaders from several states that go to elections next year. Moreover, it has also been carefully planned to cover the losses BJP has incurred in the past two years.
As a reward for dismantling the elected Madhya Pradesh government and tipping scales in BJP's favor, Jyotiraditya Scindia was appointed as the Cabinet Minister for Civil Aviation (a post held by his father as well in '91) almost after 3 years.
On the contrary, Pashupati Kumar Paras got an early reward for breaking down Lok Janshakti Party's (LJP) representation in Lok Sabha. He was appointed as the Union Minister for Food Processing, after the attempted coup on Chirag Paswan's leadership.
Sarbananda Sonowal, who was replaced by Himanta Biswa Sharma as the Chief Minister of Assam after the fresh elections, was also awarded a berth in the Cabinet. It is conjectured that this development was in talks ever since Himanta Biswa Sharma was chosen as the CM.
As the Uttar Pradesh elections near, BJP also made sure to improve representation from the state. Major appointments such as Niranjan Jyoti (MoS Food Processing), Anupriya Patel (Mos Commerce and Industry), and Bhanu Pratap Singh Verma (MoS MSME) were made majorly because of their heavy support base in UP.
Following the same lead, Ajay Bhatt from Uttarakhand was appointed as MoS Defence and Tourism. As seen earlier, BJP has made major organizational changes in Uttarakhand which goes to elections next year.
Some Positives
In the mirage of calculated placements and image reconstruction, BJP has hit a few rights with this organizational change. The new cabinet includes a maximum number of women to have ever served in a Union Cabinet, a first in a nation with largely patriarchal tendencies.
The cabinet has also tried to focus on bringing people with commendable background experience and education on board. Ashwini Vaishnav, former IAS and an alumnus of Wharton School have been given major ministries such as Railways, Communications, and IT. Similarly, Anupriya Patel who has been given the Commerce and Industry as an MoS has also served as an educator at Amity University.
Moreover, the diffused reliance on regional strength has become the overarching theme in this cabinet reshuffle. Even though the ruling party intends to balance the voter dynamics, this regional unity has become something to watch out for.
Yet, the big story remains the ouster of major politicians who have served loyally and faithfully to this government. Ravi Shankar Prasad, Prakash Jaavedkar, and Dr. Harshvardhan are major losers in this dynamic reshuffle. While the current government has tried to modernize the leaders of this nation, it has set a new precedent that loyalty is not the most critical virtue anymore; Election Commission's schedule is.


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Home Advice Are Straight Men Confused By Transgender Women?
June 3, 2015 DamnPops 6
Are Straight Men Confused By Transgender Women?
"Men are only upset at transgender women because they are confused as to if they should be attracted to them."
Talk about a mouth full right? It was only a week ago that I said the beauty of life is the ability to have great debates and discussions. In the interim, we now have a name for the athlete formerly known as Bruce Jenner. That's right, excuse my French, and call her Caitlyn. What Caitlyn has done in just a mere few days is spark another conversation about gender identity in America. It is a needed conversation.
An aspect of this conversation that I think is interesting is how straight men react to transgender women. Many people think that what we think shouldn't matter. Maybe they're right. I happen to think all thoughts are necessary to push the conversation forward. Today's post isn't about whether or not I think that this whole thing is right or wrong. I honestly believe that people should live how they want to. I did want to highlight the quote I highlighted above.
That's a quote that I saw a bit of on Twitter in the wake of Caitlyn revealing her new name and new look. The quote has a tone to it that makes me scratch my head a little. On one end of it there's a vibe of humor. On the other end I don't think anyone should be upset about how someone else wants to live. But the issue of a straight man feeling confused by a transgender woman could be a real one. Maybe that issue is similar to a lot of guy's issues with makeup. Maybe some guys might feel deceived if they found out a woman they were dating had a sex change. It is a confusing thing.
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I don't think this is something that we can brush under the rug as simple.
I was born and raised in East Flatbush Brooklyn. I was born in the late 80's, so I really came up in the 90's. The things that I see in society today I couldn't even fathom as a kid. As a guy who hopes to be a parent one day, it's important that I gain more understanding of all people. My child is going to come up in a world where people will be more comfortable being themselves. Children may identify with an opposite gender at a younger age. So many intangibles come into play and will continue to come into play as society's awareness continues to grow. It's important that I raise my kid to be tolerant and also have a strong sense of self.
I say all of this to say that I grew up digging women.
I always loved women. So naturally, as I got older and was exposed to people having alternative lifestyles, it took time to build respect for those people's sensitivities. It took time to understand that them being different in one facet is okay and it isn't for me to really have issue with. But for a lifetime, you only saw things one way. All in a sudden things switch gears. You ever drive stick and switch gears before there's enough RPM's? You'd burn out the clutch.
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I don't think men are confused or upset at transgender women because they aren't sure if they should be attracted to them. The truth is that a straight man is attracted to women. If a guy sees a woman and doesn't see anything they deem as suspect (not genuine) about the woman's physique then his attraction is probably natural. Some guys out there may not care honestly if a woman was transgender or not.
As for me, I'd really only be into a woman who was born a woman. But to anyone else who feels otherwise they should feel how they want to feel without judgment. When it comes to issues regarding gender identity and sexual orientations, my philosophy is simple. What you eat don't make me s***. It's none of my business. But we as a human race and especially as millennials owe it to our world's future to grow with the times. Those who are more cognizant of social issues and sensitivities have to understand that tolerance is a gradual thing. If a guy is confused by a transgender woman that is okay. We weren't born into the same world. We all didn't have the same backgrounds. Can your parents intelligently appreciate the craft that is rap music? Probably not. They came up in a different world…and they still can't stand it.
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This is going to take time on all sides.
That needs to be understood. Allow many of us (myself included) some time to be ignorant. We are learning. I will get better. I support Caitlyn doing her damn thing and living how she wants to. More people will understand the more discussion we all end up having. It takes time. Do you all think (straight) men are confused by transgender women because they don't know if they should be attracted to them? How do you all feel about Caitlyn's coming out? Could you care less? Let's get into it.
These are my words and I make no apologies.
DamnPops is a writer and podcaster on the staff at SBM: "I'm not a biter, I'm a writer for myself and others. " Follow me on Twitter @DamnPOPS and @NegroPPodcast . Also, subscribe on iTunes to the Negro Please Podcast and visit our website here!
tags: alternative lifestyle attraction caitlyn jenner Men transgender
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I don't think men are confused but know they can ultimately be deceived by transgender women. Identifying with being a female and having a full sex change are two different things. Let's face it, it is still a man who doesn't want to be identified as such, that dresses as a female. I had a cousin, who has since passed away, that was beautiful when dressed as a woman. He was taking hormones, grew real boobs and had a cute body that would make heads turn….
I am tolerant and accepting to anyone who chooses to live his/her life on their terms. I don't disrespect or antagonize the behavior, as it's none of my business to pass judgment. The whole context within itself can be confusing, but to each its own.
I am a mother of two and I cannot honestly tell you how I would react if either of my kids became transgender.
Damnpops says:
It's rough stuff, and there's no manual to it. It's all still new. At least I think so. I'm only 26 and I feel like the day I have a kid, there is so much more I would have to tell him/her to be prepared for. I want them to respect all people. The more I end up knowing then I guess the more respectful I'll be able to raise a child.
Totally NOT new…uh, uh. The acceptance is what is new. As your kids mature situations will arise that warrants conversations but other than that there's no need to put emphasis on it.
Es Sully says:
I love this post. My thought on it is this: it is ABSOLUTELY necessary for transgender women (and men) to make it plain about what/who they are. Why? its not about being attracted to someone or not. There are plenty of good (and natural) looking transgender individuals. It's about being honest and transparent with the person who is showing interest, to let them decide whether this is something that they are cool with. I don't care if it is 2035…it's not right to just say that people should be okay with it. It's deceitful and selfish. So lets say, you start dating and getting serious, when do you drop the bomb? What if the man wants a child? How will it affect the person's entire psyche? It's the same as people lying about their age, occupations, children, marital statues hell, STDs!!! This is why, I believe that in this day and age, people need to really slow down when it comes to dating and sex. The consequences of the things that are now current issues….are much deeper than the YOLO satisfaction.
WeekzGod says:
The concept does take some getting used to, especially if you do not otherwise pay attention to gender studies issues. It's ok to be confused. Its not ok to respond with violence and hatred.
At the same time it is important that transgendered women be open because unfortunately a transgendered woman was not born with female reproductive organs (functional breasts & uterus) thus there will be men who will not want to be romantically involved with you because they want biological children. Other men may just be unable to view you as a woman in their minds because you DID (or do) have a penis.
Life is a messed up but we should all strive to be kind and honest with one another.
Transparent says:
This is a ridiculous article. You spend so much time and energy deconstructing the identity politics of a transgender woman, whereas you, as the concerted observer, proceed to simply LABEL yourself a "straight man" when all of your readers are well aware that "straight" is an empty identity because "straight" men also engage in same-sex sexual acts. So, on the level of sex and attraction it is entirely dishonest to publish a manifold dissection of a transgender woman's sexual politics while you pose as a rigid and unidimensional sexual being.


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Below you will find a selection of Case Studies highlighting a variety of different worldwide projects that atg airports have successfully completed. Scroll through to see our work in action.
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