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Showing posts with label damn girl. Show all posts
Damn, Girl-Trieu Thi Trinh
Little is known about Trieu Thi Trinh, despite the fact that she lead an incredible life. At the age of 19 she led armies against the invading Chinese, and spent four years attempting to drive them out of Vietnam before commiting suicide after a defeat. Her birthplace is unclear, even her proper name is unknown (Trieu Thi Trinh translates to something along the lines of 'Lady Trieu'). Despite the mystery surrounding her, Trieu Thi Trinh, also known as Ba Trieu, has survived to become one of Vietnam's greatest heroines, and is still celebrated today.
Traditional Vietnamese artwork depicting Ba Trieu
Ba Trieu was likely born sometime in 225 CE. At the time, Han China had been occupying Vietnam for about 200 years, and their hold on the region had only gotten stronger. It had been more than a century since the Trung Sisters had risen up, and the Han had successfully removed Vietnamese rulers and officials from every position of power in the country. Chinese domination was so widespread that they commonly referred to the area as 'Am Nam', which, translated, meant 'conquered south'.
When Ba Trieu was the sister of the powerful southern leader, Trieu Quoc Dat. He had taken care of Ba Trieu after their parents died, and he himself was involved in a certain amount of rebellion. Therefor, it was no surprise when, at 19, Ba Trieu decided to get into the sedition game herself, despite her brother's counsel that she get married instead of cause insurrection.
Ba Trieu gathered her army of 1,000, and headed up the nearest mountain to train. Though this whole story is surrounded in myth, here is where it becomes really tricky to separate fact from fiction. According to legend, Ba Trieu was nine feet tall, with three foot long breasts which she tied back over her shoulders when fighting. She was beautiful, and had a voice like ringing bells. In battle, she lead her armies from the top of an elephant, dressed with ivory shoes and golden hairpins. She struck fear into the hearts of her Chinese enemies, and she and her army won over 30 battles.
Ba Trieu's temple, about 100 miles south of Hanoi.
Unfortunately, Ba Trieu's army was severely underfunded, and possessed no siege equipment. When they came to a Chinese fortress, they had to wait on the Chinese to come out and meet them. Ba Trieu also had an enormous weakness--she was very fastidious, and couldn't stand the sight of filth. One Chinese took advantage of this, and sent his army of men running out of the fortress naked, kicking up dirt and grime. Ba Trieu left the battlefield, and her army panicked, leading to a massive defeat. Rather than let her enemies capture her, Ba Trieu committed suicide by throwing herself into a river. She was only 23.
However, according to legend, Ba Trieu's harassment of the Chinese invaders did not end with her death. She haunted the Chinese general who defeated her, and spread an illness among the Chinese soldiers that could only be warded off by hanging wooden penises over the doorways of rooms one wished to occupy.
There are, unfortunately, very few actual specifics on Ba Trieu, and much of what that is known about her is shrouded in legend. However, there is some proof that Trieu Thi Trinh existed. Records of the Chinese governor over Vietnam at the time of Ba Trieu's life mention a short period of resistance, and contemporary artwork featuring a lady on an elephant leading an army has been found
Mythical or not, Ba Trieu has been a popular folk hero since the 200 CEs, and is the subject of several epic works still studied in Vietnamese schools. She was cited as the inspiration of many Vietnamese rebels after her, and has a temple dedicated to her, and many streets named after her, most notably in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.
Modernity and My Mum: A Literary Exploration into the (Extra)Ordinary Sacrifices and Everyday Resistance of a Vietnamese Woman by Kim Huỳnh
Ba Trieu (225-248 CE)
Trieu Thi Trinh, the Vietnamese Joan of Arc
Vietnam Under Chinese Rule
Labels: 3rd century, china, damn girl, myths, revolution, vietnam, war
Damn, Girl-Sisi of Austria-Hungary
Known to her family as 'Sisi', Elisabeth, Empress of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, remains one of the most Romantic (the capital R is on purpose) and tragic queens in history. Married to her cousin at only age sixteen, Elisabeth was thrust into a life of strict etiquette and heavy media scrutiny. Deeply unhappy, she wandered Europe for more than three decades searching for peace.
Elisabeth on her wedding day.
Elisabeth was the fourth child of Duke Maximilian in Bavaria and Princess Ludovika of Bavaria. Ludovika and Maximilian were cousins, and were almost constantly at loggerheads with each other. Maximilian was something of a free spirit--preferring to roam Bavaria disguised as a commoner, playing the zither in taverns for public amusement. Maximilian also had several affairs, and had a distinct distaste for life in Possenhofen--the castle where Elisabeth and her siblings grew up. Though Maximilian seemed to have dislike Possenhofen, he didn't dislike his children. He would frequently take them on long nature expeditions, lasting weeks at a time. Due to this, and her mother's disbelief in an extensive education, Elisabeth's education was fairly unsettled, and she did not have the education she would later need to rule.
From all accounts, Elisabeth's childhood at Possenhofen was idyllic. She played with her siblings, avoided her lessons, wrote poetry, and rode horses. However, all of that changed in 1853 when Elisabeth was 15.
Western Europe at the time contained many more countries than it currently does. At the final dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, the Empire split in 360 smaller states. Many of those states banded together to form the German Federation in 1815. The German Federation was a loose collection of states presided over by the Austrian Emperor. Elisabeth was born into Bavaria--the third biggest of these German Federation states, and the direct neighbor of the much larger Archduchy of Austria.¹
Europe 1854, note the closeness of Bavarian and the
Austrian Empire
The archduke of Austria, Franz Joseph, was single, not opposed to mingling, and was the most eligible bachelor in Europe. Princess Ludovika was Franz Joseph's aunt, and she, along with Archduchess Sophie, Franz Joseph's mother, hatched a plan to marry Franz Joseph to Elisabeth's older sister, Helene. When Ludovika took Helene to meet the emperor, she had Elisabeth accompany them, presumably so she could set Elisabeth up with an equally enticing gentleman.
The plan was perfect--one trip, two marriages. However, Ludovika and Sophie didn't take Franz Joseph's feelings into mind. In a rare occurrence of love (or lust, if you're feeling cynical) at first sight, Franz Joseph informed his mother that he would not be marrying Helene, but that he would be marrying Elisabeth, and that was that. He proposed to Elisabeth after only a week.
Elisabeth, of course, accepted, and the couple announced their engagement on August 19, 1853. The fact that Franz Joseph was 23 to Elisabeth's 15, and that the couple were cousins doesn't seem to have mattered much to the parties involved. Franz Joseph loved Elisabeth, and one didn't tell the emperor no. It is, however, difficult to ascertain the depths of Elisabeth's feelings for Franz Joseph. Any hesitations she may have had aside, the couple was married in the April of the next year.
Hofburg Imperial Palace in Vienna.
Adjustment to the Imperial Court at Hofburg was difficult for Elisabeth. Etiquette was draconian, recalling the strict rules in place at Versailles. Particularly the rules about dressing irked Elisabeth. Court etiquette stated that the Empress could wear a pair of shoes only once before giving them to a lady in waiting. Gloves had to always be worn. There was a strict system of precedence, and a great deal of activities Elisabeth had previously enjoyed were deemed 'unseemly'. Elisabeth crossed swords with her mother-in-law, Archduchess Sophie over this more than once, particularly after the birth of Elisabeth's children.
In the view of the archduchess, Elisabeth's role was to provide heirs and look pretty, nothing more. This rankled Elisabeth, who had some interest in governing, particularly with the Hungarian part of the empire. However, Elisabeth's distaste for etiquette, and reticence at public gathering pushed her to the fringes of power, and isolated her at court.
This isolation, combined with a lack of freedom made Elisabeth deeply unhappy. Furthering her unhappiness was the fact that upon their births her first three children were taken away from her, and she was allowed little contact with them. She and Franz Joseph had three children in the first four years of their marriage, with two surviving to adulthood. These children--two daughters and a son--were raised by a staff of servants and the archduchess Sophie.
Probably the most famous of Elisabeth's
portraits, this dress was later the inspiration
for the 'Think of Me' dress in the 2004
'Phantom of the Opera' movie.
Elisabeth was a private person with a distaste for crowds and invasions of her privacy. Unfortunately for her, Elisabeth lived at a time when more people in Europe were literate than ever before, and European press was becoming a bigger and bigger industry. Royal reporting became the newest craze, with presses constantly cranking out articles and pamphlets about what Elisabeth ate, wore, and did. (and who she allegedly did) This only increased Elisabeth's feelings that she was in a sort of gilded cage, and imprisoned. Though she was much beloved by the masses, and she was welcomed everywhere she went, Elisabeth believed that she was viewed as a curiosity, once comparing herself to a dancing monkey.
Despite her distaste for it, Elisabeth discharged her duties as empress with great aplomb. She was, as mentioned, much loved by her people, and with good reason. She was known for personally interacting with her subjects, and taking time to speak with the people in front of her. She frequently would visit hospitals, a lady in waiting in tow, and would hold the hands of and converse with the patients.²
What Elisabeth is best known for, of course, is her legendary beauty. With wide dark eyes, and eighteen inch waist, and ankle length hair, Elisabeth was considered one of the most beautiful women of the era. Numerous paintings and sculptures were done of her, with, according to her husband, only a few coming close to actually capturing her good looks.
Elisabeth spent hours on her beauty routine. She would spend hours exercising, applying various compresses and ointments, and spent three hours having her hair done each day. While having her hair done, Elisabeth studied, learning Greek, Latin, and Hungarian.
As might be expected from a couple with an eight year age difference, who'd known each other a week before making a lifetime commitment, Elisabeth and Franz Joseph's marriage was less than congenial. Franz Joseph viewed Elisabeth's dislike for public duty as childish, and Elisabeth found Franz Joseph dull and humorless. Both had numerous extra-marital affairs.
A portrait of Elisabeth featuring her
famous hair.
Though she was a beautiful woman, Elisabeth was not a healthy woman. She suffered from depression, and exhibited all the signs of what we now recognize as anorexia. She ate little, at times only living off raw milk and oranges. She exercised obsessively, spending hours in a gym she'd had specially set up for her. She had a morbid fascination with death, and frequently remarked that insane people were the only ones who made sense. Her depression combined with her eating disorder took a great toll on Elisabeth, and unsurprisingly in 1862, Elisabeth had a nervous breakdown.
After her nervous breakdown, Elisabeth began to travel extensively, often spending more time outside of Austria than in it. She took long cruises on the royal yacht, sailing around the Mediterranean and western Africa. Elisabeth tried to keep a low profile while traveling. She wasn't making or receiving state visits, she was traveling for herself, often under an assumed name or auxiliary title. She eventually purchased land on the island of Corfu, and began to build a castle there.
In 1866 Elisabeth returned to her husband, and began putting pressure on him to treat with the Hungarians to make them an equal part of the country. Elisabeth was successful, and in 1867 the Austro-Hungarian Compromise was passed, granting Hungary equal status with Austria, and allowing them a greater degree of sovereignty. It is unknown exactly how much Elisabeth had to do with the passing of the compromise, but it is known that following the compromise Franz Joseph forbade her from interfering in politics ever again. Franz Joseph couldn't have been too angry, however, because the couple's fourth child was born in 1868.
Elisabeth at her coronation as Queen of Hungary
For some time Elisabeth's life was more or less uneventful. She was allowed to raise her last child, Marie Valerie, and they were quite close, Elisabeth taking her daughter with her on her travels. Though she and Franz Joseph didn't stay reconciled, the couple seemed to have been on amiable terms. And in 1890 Elisabeth was able to persuade Franz Joseph to allow Marie Valerie to marry the archduke of Austria-Tuscany, a man Marie loved despite his lack of dynastic connections.
While ostensibly a happy occasion, the engagement of Marie Valerie to her archduke dug up some bad feelings in the family. Crown Prince Rudolf, Elisabeth's third child, and heir to the throne, had been pressured into marrying a Belgian princess nearly a decade earlier, and seeing his younger sister get to marry for love rankled him. On January 30, 1889 he was found dead in a hunting lodge along with his mistress, having apparently shot her then himself.
Elisabeth went into deep mourning after the death of her son. She gave away her jewels, and dressed in black for the rest of her life, much in the same way Queen Victoria had been doing since 1861. She wandered Europe listlessly and without purpose.
This is the last photograph of Elisabeth, taken
shortly before she died.
In 1898 Elisabeth found herself in Geneva, Switzerland. She was there visiting a friend when on September 10 she was stabbed by anarchist Luigi Lucheni³ in front of a hotel. Luigi had stabbed Elisabeth with a small file, and Elisabeth had initially thought that he'd punched her until one of her ladies noticed the blood on her dress. Though they called for a doctor, Elisabeth soon died.
Today Elisabeth is remembered as a romantic figure--the beautiful empress who never wanted to be empress. Though her story was undeniably tragic, it must be remembered that she could wield great power when she wanted to. Her actions in the Austro-Hungarian Compromise contributed a great deal to Hungary's later independence from the empire. Given her huge impact with just one issue, it is easy to imagine just what she might have done had she been allowed to properly rule.
¹It is worth noting that while Austria may have been classified as an Archduchy in the context of the German Federation, it retained its status of an Empire due to it's possession of the Kingdom of Hungary and associated territories.
²This, along with many other parts of Elisabeth's life have led to many comparisons between her and Princess Diana.
³Luigi Lucheni didn't have anything against Elisabeth personally, he just hated the ruling class. He hadn't even come to Geneva for Elisabeth, he'd come to assassinate Prince Henri of Orléans. However, Prince Henri had canceled his visit at the last minute, and Luigi, not wanting to waste the trip, decided to assassinate Elisabeth instead.
"The Anorectic Empress: Elisabeth of Austria." by W. Vandereycken and T. Abatzi
Elisabeth, Empress Consort of Austria
The Tragic Austrian Empress Who Was Murdered By Anarchists
Sisi Museum
Empress Sisi
Elisabeth, Empress of Austria
Posted by Irene Carstairs at 10:37 No comments:
Labels: 19th century, Austria, austro-hungarian empire, damn girl, Hungary, monarchy, royalty
Damn, Girl-Jeanne de Clisson, Bloody Lioness of Brittany
Shrouded in mythology, Jeanne de Clisson was one of the bloodiest privateers of the 14th century. Born a wealthy lady of high rank, Jeanne took to the seas against the French after the execution of her much loved second husband Olivier. She proceeded to harry French ships--militaristic and merchant--on behalf of the English crown for 13 years before settling down into another happy marriage.
Modern picture of Jeanne done in
the artistic style of the time. It is
unknown exactly what Jeanne
looked like.
Born Jeanne de Belleville, Jeanne was born in 1300, and married wealthy land owner Geoffrey de Chateaubriant at the age of 12. Very little is known about Jeanne's first marriage, but she did have two children with Geoffrey--a son and a daughter. The son would inherit the Chateaubriant estate after Geoffrey's death in 1326, and the daughter would later inherit the de Belleville estate, as Jeanne had no living brothers.
Jeanne married again in 1330, this time to Olivier de Clisson, a widower and great friend of Charles de Blois. Though neither left a diary saying 'I <3 Jeanne/Olivier', tradition holds that their marriage was a love match. They would have five children together and live happily for 13 years.
The political situation of the time was more than tense. France and England were having at it (when were they not?), this time over Brittany, a northern Duchy in what is now France. At the time, the English still had extensive holdings in modern France, inherited from Eleanor of Aquitaine. The English, however, were having difficulties holding onto those territories, and had been at war with France off and on for several hundred years.
At Jeanne's time, England and France were involved in what would come to be called the Hundred Year's War, the same war which Jeanne d'Arc would fight and die in. (Remember, this is the HUNDRED Years war.) The war was over possession of Brittany, the territory in which Jeanne lived. Formerly an independent Celtic state, Brittany had become an independent Duchy. It was technically beholden to no other country, but had the misfortune to be surrounded by two major powers who were constantly trying to take it over. Brittany managed to hold strong until 1341 when Duke John of Brittany died without a direct heir.
The duke's death left two potential heirs to the Duchy, one backed by the French, another backed by the English. As was usual with such land disputes, France and England merrily began another war, hacking away at each other's populations and infrastructures mercilessly. Olivier, as a friend of Charles de Blois, the French candidate for the Duchy, was called away to command in the war, being posted at a fort in Vannes.
Olivier kneels on the scaffold, awaiting his death. He is
surrounded by the corpses of other noblemen executed
for treason.
During the siege of Vannes Olivier was taken captive by the English. He was later released in a prisoner exchange, but his friend Charles de Blois was suspicious. Charles suspected that the English had had French help when they took Vannes, and he suspected Olivier. He condemned Olivier for treason, and had him executed without trial in August of 1343. Olivier's head was sent to Nantes, and placed on a spike above the city.
Jeanne was, understandably, distraught.She took her sons to see their father's decapitated head, and told them that he had been murdered by Charles de Blois. Shortly after, she sold all of her land, and gathered a force of men loyal to her and Olivier's memory. With her men she set off on a revenge mission that would last nearly two decades.
First stop on the revenge tour was the castle of Galois de la Heuse. Galois was a supporter of Charles de Blois, and had been friendly with Jeanne's husband. Why Jeanne chose Galois' home for her first scene of revenge is uncertain, but what is known is that Galois never saw it coming. He opened the gates to let Jeanne in, and was, presumably, quite surprised to soon find himself and most of the people who lived there slaughtered. Jeanne's force left a few survivors to spread the news, then took to the seas where they could make the most impact.
With money from the sales of her lands, Jeanne purchased three ships. They were painted black, and outfitted with red sails. The sight of those ships struck fear into the hearts of many a sailor when Jeanne and her crew overtook unsuspecting French ships in the mist on the English Channel. Those ominous ships meant almost certain death to almost everyone on board the captured vessel. Jeanne only spared one or two members of each crew so there would be a survivor to carry tales of her exploits.
Noble status didn't protect seafarers from Jeanne's crew. Jeanne had a particular hatred for members of the nobility, and legend had it that she would behead noblemen herself. This, combined with her general modus operandi, earned her the ephitet 'Bloody Lioness of Brittany'.
Brittany on a map of modern France.
Jeanne wasn't a simple pirate motivated by self interest. She was a privateer. She colluded with the English crown to provide supplies to their troops in France, and to destroy French ships. She received ships and men from the English government, and became an integral part of English naval strategy.
In 1356 Jeanne quit the murder on the high seas business, and married again, this time to Englishman Walter Bentley. Once again, all signs point to this marriage being a love match. The pair moved to a castle near the coast of Brittany, and lived peacefully. Jeanne died quietly in 1359.
Today Jeanne is all but forgotten, and the few stories we have about her are romanticized with myth and legend. It is difficult to say which parts of her life are true and which are fiction, but what few concrete records we have of her paint a vivid picture of a strong woman unafraid to get her hands dirty (or, you know, murder someone.)
Jeanne de Clisson
The Lioness of Brittany
Jeanne de Clisson, the Bloody Lioness of Brittany
Labels: 14th century, brittany, celts, damn girl, france, pirates
Damn, Girl-Nur Jahan, a Woman Worthy to be Queen
Either the twelfth or the twentieth wife of Mughal Emperor Jahangir, Nur Jahan was thrust into a life of fear and uncertainty. She was born while her parents were fleeing Persia, and was left on the road. Luckily, she was returned to her family, and was regarded as a lucky symbol from then after. Indeed, Nur Jahan was lucky for her family, because she would later become the Emperor Jahangir's favorite wife, and would, essentially, rule India in his stead, raising her family to the higher echelons of power with her.
Contemporary portrait of Nur Jahan
Born Mehrunnisa, Nur Jahan was the child of Mirza Ghiyas Beg and Asmat Begum, both high ranking members of the Persian court. Although it is unknown precisely why Mirza and Asmat had to flee Persia, it is known that they were fleeing to the court of Emperor Akbar (Jahangir's father) in search of a better life. Asmat was heavily pregnant, and gave birth along the road. Shortly after Nur Jahan was born, their caravan was attacked by robbers, leaving the family with little goods or money to start over in their new life. Fearing that they would be unable to provide for their daughter, her parents abandoned Mehrunnisa on the road.
According to legend, Mehrunnisa's mother was so distraught at having left her daughter behind, Mirza agreed to go back for the infant. When Mirza found Mehrunnisa underneath the tree they'd left her, a large cobra was looming over her, ready to swallow her whole. Mirza rushed at the snake, shouting, and the snake slunk off to do it's snakely business elsewhere. Mirza took his daughter back to his wife, and after telling the tale of his daughter's miraculous escape, their fellow travelers gave them the money to continue with their journey.
Other accounts say that Nur Jahan was left on the road, but was returned to her parents by other members of their caravan. Either way, shortly after the return of their daughter Mirza and Asmat arrived at Akbar's court, and settled into life as a mid-level bureaucrat.
Prince Selim, later the Emperor Jahangir
-World Grabber
Mehrunnisa, who's name means 'The Sun of Women', grew up to become a beauty with an excellent education. She was an accomplished musician, poet, dancer, and artist, and she was also known for being witty and charming. She was also a fashionista, cook, and landscape artist. It is unsurprising that around 1594 she enchanted Prince Selim (later Jahangir) to the point that "he could hardly be restrained, by the rules of decency, to his place."
Prince Selim, heir to the throne, was so besotted with Mehrunnisa that he sought her hand in marriage. However, Mehrunnisa was already betrothed, and Emperor Akbar refused to break the engagement in favor of his son. So, at the age of 17, Mehrunnisa was married to Sher Afghan, a Persian courtier and adventurer. Her first marriage, while not a love match (or particularly propitious), gave Mehrunnisa Ladili Begum, Mehrunnisa's only child.
Sher Afghan wasn't destined to live to a ripe old age. He died in 1607, after 13 years of marriage. There are many rumors saying that Selim, angered by Sher Afghan's refusal to break his betrothal, and lust for Mehrunnisa, had Sher Afghan killed. The History of Hindostan, a somewhat sketchy contemporary source, gives an account of Selim's many failed attempts to have Sher Afghan killed, culminating in Selim ordering a small army to attack Sher Afghan. While if Selim actually arranged Sher Afghan's death is in doubt, it's proven fact that in 1607 Mehrunnisa was widowed at age 30.
Ladili Begum
Shortly after her husband's death, Mehrunnisa was summoned to Delhi to act as a lady-in-waiting to Prince Selim, now Emperor Jahangir's stepmother. In 1611 Mehrunnisa was married again, this time to the Emperor, becoming his 12th (or 20th, sources disagree) wife.
Emperor Akbar, Jahangir's father, had been a brilliant Emperor. Starting with only a small part of what is today Pakistan, Akbar managed to conquer all of north India, swallowing modern Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and parts of Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and China. He'd been a strict Sunni Muslim, but had encouraged religious discourse between Muslims, Hindus, Parsis, and Christians. He'd managed to woo local leaders of all religious persuasions to his side, yet retained his own religious supremacy (while building up a cult around himself).
Jahangir was a pale imitation of the brilliance of his father. Jahangir tried, undoubtedly; he extended his empire further down the Indian subcontinent, and managed to keep the empire more or less together. However, where Akbar had been focused on reform and expansion, Jahangir was focused on art and culture. Where Akbar had strictly followed the tenants of Islam (which forbid drugs and alcohol), Jahangir saw them more as guidelines, and at the time of his marriage to Mehrunnisa, was well on his way to becoming a non-functioning addict.
As far as marriages went, Jahangir and Mehrunnisa, renamed Nur Jahan (meaning 'Light of the World), were pretty happy. Jahangir was smitten with Nur Jahan, and she seemed to have returned his affection. While the couple never had children, Nur Jahan became Jahangir's Empress, and she was, by all accounts, a loving step mother. Jahangir and Nur Jahan had a great deal in common--they both loved the arts, and were passionate about hunting. Most importantly, Nur Jahan was more than willing to take over running the country, leaving Jahangir to lose himself in opium and mindless pleasure to his heart's content.
As the de facto ruler of India, Nur Jahan put herself in the forefront of government work. She signed her name to royal decrees, along with her husband's, essentially giving herself the power to issue decrees, as well as promote and dismiss officials within the empire. She struck coinage in her own name, something that had never happened in Mughal history. She presided at Court, hearing cases about disputes between nobles, and passing judgement. She conducted international relations with other powerful women in foreign countries, and cemented trade deals. She was a shrewd businesswoman, and under her guidance India enjoyed an era of peace and prosperity.
Nur Jahan
Nur Jahan was also a philanthropist. She was particularly concerned with the women of her empire. Concerned that poor women would be unable to marry, she personally provided a dowry for over 500 women. She was the patroness of dozens of female poets and artists, many of whom's works survive today.
Despite her peaceful reputation, Nur Jahan had no scruples about warfare. She was an excellent sharpshooter herself, known as 'Tiger Slayer' for her remarkable feat of killing four tigers with six bullets. (keep in mind, these are 17th century bullets.) She planned and led several expansionist campaigns herself. When her husband was captured, she rescued him with a contingent of soldiers, riding in on an elephant, and successfully winning the battle despite the fact that both her and her elephant were injured.
Though the empire was prospering, Nur Jahan reigning after the death of her husband was out of the question. It was widely assumed that Khurram (later Shah Jahan), Jahangir's third son, or Shahryar, Jahangir's youngest son. Nur Jahan initially supported Khurram, even marrying her niece Mumtaz Mahal to him. However, Khurram's hunger for power as he grew older led to Nur Jahan throwing her support behind Shahryar (who was married to her daughter Ladili).
When Khurram, now Shah Jahan, took power in 1628 he had Nur Jahan sent into exile in Lahore along with Ladili Begum, who was widowed after the death of Shahryar. Nur Jahan lived for another 18 years. Though she had backed his rival, Shah Jahan, kept her in comfort, and Nur Jahan was allowed to continue her building and artistic projects. She was kept from the political workings of the empire, but put her efforts into charity work instead, building mosques and assisting the poor. She died quietly in 1645.
Silver rupees with Nur Jahan's name on them
After her death, Shah Jahan did his best to erase Nur Jahan from history, having the coins with her name rescinded, and erasing her from official records. However, Shah Jahan was not at all successful--a testament to Nur Jahan's incredible influence. The hundreds of mosques and gardens she had constructed, as well as the waystation system for travelers she had established could not be demolished. Her artistic influence continues to influence India to this day. She invented several dishes which are now a staple of Indian cuisine, and the flowering patterned muslin she favored is a favorite in Indian fashion. Her style of stitched clothing and structured saris is still the norm for Indian dress. A wealth of poetry written by her still survives, as do many of her buildings and gardens.
Nur Jahan was an extraordinary woman for any era, but especially for the era into which she was born. She ran an empire so skillfully that even her staunchest enemies grudgingly admitted that she was, what would later become her most famous epithet, 'A Woman Worthy to Be Queen'.
A History of Hindostan: Translated from the Persian: to Which are Prefixed Two Dissertations, the First Concerning the Hindoos, and the Second on the Nature of Despotism in Indian. Volume III by Muhammad Qasim Hindu Shah Astarabadi Firishtah
Indian-Jahangir
Nur Jahan: Mughal Empress
Empress of Mughal Indian: Nur Jahan
World Changing Women: Nur Jahan
Labels: 16th century, 17th century, damn girl, india, mughal empire, pakistan, royalty
Damn, Girl-Arsinoe II, Three Times a Queen
To start off, Arsinoe is pronounced ar-SIN-o-ay. The only reason I bring this up, is because I recently discovered that I've been pronouncing it wrong for years. What can I say? I read way too many books, and don't talk to nearly enough people.
Bust of Arsinoe made in Alexandria.
Though she was often portrayed in
the Egyptian style, this sculture
has a distinctive Hellenic influence.
Born 316 BCE, Arsinoe, later known as Arsinoe Philadelphus, was wife to three kings. She has gone down in history as a schemer. She's been accused of vile crimes, such as propositioning her husband's son, ordering the banishment of her husband's other wives, and ordering the execution of men who threatened her son's places in the line of succession. The truth is much more tame, and reveals not a black-hearted schemer, but a talented and ambitious woman who wanted to see her sons on the throne of Egypt.
Arsinoe was the daughter of Ptolemy I Soter and his second wife, Berenice I. Not much is known about her early life, as she doesn't make much of an appearance in historical record until 299-- the year of her marriage to the 60 year old Lysimachus, king of Thrace, Anatolia, and Macedonia.
Lysimachus, like Arsinoe's father Ptolemy, was one of the heirs to the vast empire of Alexander the Great. Unlike Ptolemy, Lysimachus was having a little trouble keeping his kingdom under control. It was hoped that his marriage to Arsinoe would not only establish good relations between the two kingdoms, but help bring stability to Lysimachus' lands.
Lysimachus must have liked the 17 year old Arsinoe, because they had three children in rapid succession, Ptolemy in 297, Lysimachus Jr.¹ in 294, and Philip in 293. He renamed the city of Ephesus after her, and gave her at least three cities from around his empire. Though Lysimachus had other wives (polygamy was IN for Hellenic monarchs), Arsinoe was a clear favorite, especially after her full-brother (meaning same mother, same father. Keep this in mind, it'll be important later) Ptolemy II ascended the throne of Egypt.
Lysimachus, Arsinoe's first
husband.
For 17 years Arsinoe had a relatively quiet life. She enjoyed her time as the second most prominent person at court (after her husband), built religious buildings, and took care of the cities under her command. Unfortunately, as the 280 BCE's came on, she began to clash with Agathocles, Lysimachus' eldest son and heir apparent.
Now, it is important to note that the idea of primogeniture, and the eldest son of the first wife inheriting the father's title and position hadn't come around yet. During this time, King's chose their heir based off ability to rule, and while Agathocles, being Lysimachus' only adult son, was most likely going to inherit the throne and kingdom, it wasn't a sure thing, especially since Arsinoe's sons were nearing majority.
Tradition has it that around 283 Arsinoe propositioned Agathocles, who was only a few years older than her. Agathocles turned her down, and, incensed, Arsinoe convinced Lysimachus to execute his eldest son. This is very likely untrue. Agathocles was a full grown man, and could have expected to share in the duties (and perks) of kingship, but Lysimachus was stubbornly clinging on to his throne. Discontented, Agathocles had begun to plot against his father, and Lysimachus ordered his son's execution.
Enter Lysandra, Arsinoe's half sister, Agathocles' widow, and political schemer out for revenge. She had fled to Babylon with her brother Ptolemy Ceraunus, and was pouring ideas into the ear of King Seleucus, one of Lysimachus' main rivals.
Seleucus was king of what is modern Syria and Iran, and he wanted into Anatolia. Lysandra and Ptolemy C. convinced him to invade in Agathocles' name, and claim the country for himself. Seleucus happily complied, and with Ptolemy C. in the lead, invaded Lysimachus' European holdings. Lysimachus died in the chaos, and Ptolemy C. personally assassinated Seleucus, taking Lysimachus' kingdom for himself.
Ruins at the city of Ephesus. The city was renamed Arsinoea
by Lysimachus, but the name was changed back to Ephesus
after his death.
Arsinoe had fled with her sons to the city of Cassandrea. Located in modern Greece, the city had strong walls which Arsinoe kept manned by soldiers loyal to her. She was safely ensconced when Ptolemy C's emissaries came courting on his behalf.
Ptolemy Ceraunus was the son of Ptolemy I, and Arsinoe's half brother. He'd been passed over as king of Egypt in favor of his brother, and had fled abroad to make trouble. He'd been living in Lysimachus' court since 285, and recognized Arsinoe's political power. As the wife of the former king, she exerted significant pull with the government, and she was well loved by the common people for her piety. Throw in her Egyptian contacts, and Arsinoe was an ideal bride. Though they'd been mortal enemies weeks before, Ptolemy C. was ready to propose.
It is difficult to say what Arsinoe was thinking when she accepted his proposal. Ptolemy C. was well known for being someone who could not be trusted, and he'd contributed significantly to the death of Arsinoe's late husband. Arsinoe took every precaution--she insisted on a very public marriage ceremony, she made Ptolemy C. adopt her sons as his heirs--but the union still unsettled most people. Arsinoe's son Ptolemy was so against the union that he left before the wedding ceremony, a move which saved his life. Shortly after their marriage, Ptolemy C. had Arsinoe's younger sons killed, and Arsinoe fled to Egypt.
Ptolemy II, also known as Ptolemy Philadelphus (from here out, Ptolemy P.) was king of Egypt, and Arsinoe's full brother. He was already married (to a woman named Arsinoe, incidentally) with several sons when his sister returned to the land of her birth. Ptolemy P. welcomed his sister with welcome arms. She was well known for her political savvy, and she was ready to put that to work in Egypt. Unfortunately, this put Arsinoe II at odds with Arsinoe I. This eventually led to Ptolemy P. banishing his wife, and marrying his sister, making her co-pharaoh.
Arsinoe II and Ptolemy P. on a coin.
A marriage between full siblings didn't sit super well with the ancient Greeks, though it didn't seem to bother the Egyptians too much. However, Ptolemy P. and Arsinoe quashed objections to their marriage by associating themselves with Zeus and Hera, Osiris and Isis, two other pairs of married siblings, and the monarchs of their respective spheres. This association with deity would lead to Arsinoe being worshiped as a goddess both during and after her life.
Arsinoe adopted Ptolemy P.'s sons by Arsinoe I, putting an end to her dreams of her remaining son taking a throne. However, Arsinoe was just as much the pharaoh as Ptolemy P. She inspected troops, led the state cult, and appeared on the coinage, sometimes alone. She was widely venerated, especially in the countryside by the common people. Unfortunately, she died just five years after arriving in Egypt.
We remember Arsinoe today because of her masterful political maneuvering. She wasn't noted for her charitable works like similar schemers, but rather for her swift rises to power. She became the favorite wife of two men who already had wives, and prompted the banishment of her enemies. It is impossible to say if Arsinoe did all this maliciously, but it is certain that she must have had a forceful personality. Though she drew significant criticism after her death, both for the disappearances of her enemies and marrying her brothers (though it is important to note that no children came of the union of Arsinoe and Ptolemy P.) she was an important, and valued politician of her time.
¹Not his actual historical designation.
Arsinoe II Philadelphus
Arsinoe II, Queen of Thrace and Egypt
Arsinoe II
A Portrait of Arsinoe Philadelphos by Dorothy Burr Thompson
Labels: ancient egypt, BCE, damn girl, Greece, Ptolemaic, royalty
Damn, Girl-Tamar of Georgia, King of Kings
Crowned co-ruler at age 18, Tamar (sometimes spelled 'Tamara') reigned over Georgia's¹ golden age, and expanded the kingdom to its greatest height. She would reorganize the Georgian Orthodox Church, defeat multiple attempted internal coups, and send an Turkish invasion packing. A woman of faith, Tamar credited her religion for her battlefield successes, and performed extensive charity work. She was canonized shortly after her death, and is seen as a Georgian religious and national hero. However, behind her piety was a shrewd woman more than willing to fight for her throne and people.
Tamar was the only child of King Giorgi III and Queen Burdukhan. George, like his daughter, had to deal with scheming relatives. When his nephew Demma attempted to dethrone him, Giorgi had Demma blinded, castrated, and thrown into prison. Giorgi dealt with other insurrectionists in a similarly brutal manner-with breaking kneecaps as his preferred method of chastisement. Due to the instability of his kingdom, Giorgi had his 18 year old daughter crowned co-ruler.
Giorgi's main reason for this was to ensure the stability of Georgia during his lifetime and after his death. He hoped that if the restless Georgian nobility saw that he had a stable dynasty in place to succeed him, they might calm down a bit. Additionally, he was giving the patriarchal Georgians time to get used to the fact that there next ruler would be a woman, something that had never happened in Georgia before. While many nobles protested, Giorgi quashed their protests saying, "One knows a lion by its claws, and Tamar by her actions." While there is little known about Tamar's childhood, this praise from her father suggests that she was more than suited for her role.
Giorgi died six years after his daughter's investment, leaving Tamar to govern the country by herself. Historians disagree about the beginning of Tamar's reign. Some sources claim that she had a very smooth ascension, aided by the fact that the Georgian people had had a chance to get used to the idea of her rule. Other's claim that she was met by insurrection--insurrection that she quickly quashed.
Tamar holding court
Following her second crowning, Tamar's first order of business was to marry in order to produce an heir. She left the choosing of a spouse up to her council. They chose a Russian prince Yuri, the son of Prince Andrei Bogoliubsky of Vladimir-Suzdal. Yuri had a reputation as a warrior, and the council believed that he would be good for their queen and country. However, Yuri thoroughly disproved them not shortly after the wedding vows were said. He was thoroughly dissolute--engaging in extramarital affairs, torturing and murdering Georgian Muslims, and abusing alcohol. He publicly berated Tamar for not bearing him a son, and was prone to violent outbursts. He was such an awful husband that Tamar divorced him after only three years. In a merciful move her father would certainly have disapproved of, Tamar sent him packing off to Constantinople with a generous allowance--kneecaps intact.
Georgia was a largely Orthodox country at the time. This makes the fact that Tamar was able to obtain a divorce quite extraordinary, given that divorce is, to this day, largely contrary to Orthodox doctrine. Tamar was able to obtain a divorce not only because of Yuri's widespread unpopularity, but because of her own special relationship with the church.
Following her ascension, Tamar convened a Synod, and set about reforming the Georgian church. She was already known for her piety, and made several changes that reflected this. In addition to this, she also saw that the bishops and clergymen who didn't like her were defrocked. Every powerful clergyman in the church was Tamar's man, and she used this to her benefit.
With Yuri out of the picture, Tamar was free to remarry, and remarry she did. Her next husband was Davit Soslan, an Alanian Prince. He was chosen for her by her aunt Rusudan, who reportedly told Tamar that Davit was "Hewn from stone, and reared on wolf's milk." Davit, unlike Yuri, lived up to his reputation. He was handsome, supportive, and an able military man. Tamar installed him as Consort, and quickly had two children.
After the births of her children, Tamar set to conquest. This was largely to keep the Georgian nobles busy elsewhere, and not conspiring with her ex-husband to dethrone her. Despite his exile, Yuri attempted to dethrone Tamar twice, but was soundly defeated.
Georgia at it's height
Under Davit's leadership, the Georgians were able to take parts of Armenia, Shirvan, and Azerbaijan. Tamar's success made her Muslim neighbors nervous, and they sent a unified force after her under the leadership of the Rum Sultan, Rukn al-Din. Rukn was a lovely man. In his initial letter to Tamar he informed her that all women were feeble minded, and that, should she convert to Islam, he would make her his wife. Should she retain her religion he would make her his concubine. The letter was so insulting that one of Tamar's courtier's hit Rukn's courier hard enough that the courier passed out. When the courier finally came to, Tamar sent him back with a message that she didn't care to be married to Rukn, at that she would defeat him. True to her word, Tamar sent him packing.
In addition to her expansionist endeavors, Tamar also focused on developing and reviving Georgian culture. She had monasteries and churches built, and it was under her that a monastic town was carved into the cliffs of Vardzia.
Tamar died of an unknown illness in 1213. Her final resting place is a mystery, with rumors that she is buried in the Gelati Monastery or in Jerusalem. As mentioned, she was canonized shortly after her death, and she is still celebrated in the Orthodox churches. She was succeed by her son, Giorgi IV Lasha, who was later succeeded by her daughter, Rusadan, another female King of Kings.
¹No, not the Georgia in the United States, the Georgia in Central Asia.
Queen Tamar: the Confident Female Ruler of the Georgian Golden Age
Queens Regnant: Tamar of Georgia--the First Female Ruler
St. Tamar, Queen of Georgia
Tamar of Georgia-Queen of Kings
Queen Tamar
Labels: 12th century, 13th century, damn girl, georgia, king tamar, war
Damn, Girl-Omu Okwei, Captain of Robbing Industry
Okwei was a people-person, a trait that she used enormously to her advantage. Rising from having almost nothing to become the wealthiest woman in Nigeria, she built relationships with both native Nigerians and the British which led to her being crowned Omu, or Queen. Her political expertise and excellence in this position ensured that she would be the last to ever hold the title.
Okwei surrounded by her family
Okwei was the daughter of Prince Osuna Afubeho, a wealthy warrior. As was the practice of the time, Prince Osuna had many wives, all of whom were expected to provide for themselves through trade. Given that daughters were unable to inherit the property of their fathers, Okwei's mother insured that her daughter had a solid background in trade so that she would be able to provide for herself.
At age nine, Okwei was sent to be apprenticed to her maternal aunt in the Igala tribe. Nigeria was, and still is, a country with hundreds of tribes, each with unique languages and customs. At the time, the Igala language was very important for trade, and during her apprenticeship Okwei not only learned how to do business, but the language that would open a lot of doors for her. By the time she returned home at age fifteen, she was successfully trading in vegetables and poultry.
In 1889 Okwei married Joseph Allagoa, an influential brass trader. Okwei's family disapproved of the match, given that Joseph's family did not share the same royal status of Okwei's family. Okwei, however, didn't care, and married Joseph anyways, despite the fact that her family withheld her dowry.
Tribal and linguistic divisions of Nigeria
The dowry was an important part of marriage for an Igbo woman of the time. Because women could not inherit their father's money and property their dowry was the only way for them to build up a successful trading business after marriage. A dowry was essential for being self sufficient, and for having a successful marriage. Marriages in which the wife was not successful in her trading endeavors, and in which she did not contribute to the family financially, rarely prospered.
Despite her lack of capital, Okwei started a business in palm oil trading--a highly lucrative product at the time. She was able to make use of her husband's business connections to start building her empire, and though they divorced not a year after marrying Okwei was able to use those contacts throughout her life.
Okwei and Joseph divorced in 1890, and Okwei had custody of their son, Frances. Okwei continued her trading business, and in 1895 married again, this time to Opene of Abo, the son of a successful and wealthy trader. Okwei's family once again disliked the match, this time because of Opene's lack of work ethic, and once again Okwei ignored their protests and married despite her lack of dowry. Opene's lackadaisical attitude towards working, and his willingness to support Okwei in her trading endeavors suited her just fine, and they, reportedly had a very happy marriage, having one son, Peter.
Shortly after her second marriage, Okwei went into business with her mother in law, Okwenu Ezewene. Though Okwei later dissolved their partnership, Okwei was able to add less perishable items to her inventory. During this time Okwei diversified her stock to include cotton goods and tobacco-items in particular demand.
Unprocessed palm oil
By 1904, when Okwei dissolved her partnership with her mother in law and became an agent of the Royal Niger Trading Company, Okwei was making an astonishing amount of 400 tickets a month. The ticket system was put into place by the British colonial government because of a lack of universal currency in Nigeria at the time. Many tribes refused to trade in British pounds, preferring to trade in traditional cowrie shells or iron rods. British merchants, on the other hand, refused to accept cowrie shells and iron rods as payment. The ticket system was put into place as a compromise. Each ticket could be converted into a certain amount of oil or other goods, but ultimately amounted to about one pound sterling.
Okwei continued to grow her trading empire by starting to trade in clay and iron goods. She also grew her network of trade contacts by marrying off her maids and foster daughters to European shop owners, translators, and government officials. This, combined with her honest and open attitude, endeared her to Africans and Europeans alike.
Cowrie shells-the traditional currency of the Igbo
The palm oil industry--Okwei's bread and butter--collapsed during World War One, as the main market for palm oil was in Germany. Okwei changed her trade focus from selling palm oil to selling ivory and coral beads. Ivory was valuable to Africans and Europeans alike--used for ornamental accents in Europe, and ceremonial jewelry in Africa. Okwei not only exported and sold ivory, but she also amassed a large selection of ceremonial ivory jewelry which she rented out for a profit.
In 1918 the ticket system was abolished, and a new currency--neither pound sterling nor cowrie shell--was introduced. By this time the Nigerians had started to trust the old currency (the pound sterling), and were suspicious of the new money. Because the British paid them in new currency Nigerians turned to money changers to buy goods locally. Okwei set up a business as a money changer, taking advantage of local suspicion to pay two shillings of old currency for every five shillings of the new.
In addition to money changing, Okwei also set herself up as a landlady and a money lender. She owned some sixteen houses--fifteen of which she rented out. She provided business loans to local businesswomen, and invested in her local market. Her vast wealth also made it possible to import goods directly from England--a costly and risky venture made less risky by Okwei's vast fleet of personal trading trucks and canoes.
While she was certainly a shrewd businesswoman, Okwei was also a respected member of the community, and the core of her family. She supported her sons and their wives in their endeavors, and was often the calm, impartial mediator in family disputes. She was devoted to her traditional way of life, refusing to become a Christian and keeping up her devotion to her native religion. This, along with her support for tribal government led to her being elected Omu.
The Onitsha market--still located on the land leased out
by Okwei.
The Igbo system of government at the time consisted of an unrelated king and queen. The king was in charge of the men, foreign relations, and most warfare, while the queen was in charge of the women, the economy, and the markets. Both were appointed positions, usually given to people who were greatly respected. Okwei took her duties as Omu very seriously, and was such a good Omu that the title has never been awarded to another woman out of respect for her legacy.
Much like Andrew Carnegie or J.D. Rockefeller, Okwei rose from poverty to become a millionaire. It would be easy to classify her as a captain of industry because of the money she poured back into her community, or as a robber baron because of the high interest rates she charged her debtors, but in reality she falls somewhere in the middle. While her methods were not always ethical, Okwei contributed enormously to the Nigerian economy, and helped pave the way for the modern female entrepreneur in Nigeria.
Omu Okwei, The Merchant Queen of Ossomari--a Biographical Sketch by Felicia Ekejiuba
Women in the Economy of Igboland, 1900 to 1970: A Survey by Gloria Chuku
Okwei of Ossomari (1872-1943)
Labels: 19th century, 20th century, damn girl, igbo, nigeria, owkei of ossomari


UNSPLASH is AMAZING! This is a community of artist who provide their works for you to use on your website, print, social media, etc all for free. They do not charge you for any licensing. All they ask is for you to donate to the creator and give the creator credit. We use them all the time and love everything we have gotten from their site. These photographers are truly artist and it's a pleasure to help showcase their work to the rest of the world to experience.
ADOBE STOCK is also fabulous. All of their items are for purchase, but they have a wider range of stock footage you can use beyond just images/photography.


HOT JOE sits down exclusively with Samsung Electronics' Corporate Vice President and Head of Subsidiary Kevin Lee as he shares how they're transforming the offices of the future.
2018 was a huge year for Samsung.
The international electronics and IT giant started by offering Filipino consumers with tablets and mobile phones, but they've expanded to include the all-new Galaxy Note 9, which they launched this year. The much coveted phone comes with a stunning large display and an S pen, allowing users to snap photos, change slides, and pause YouTube videos with a press of a button—powered through Bluetooth technology.
But among their biggest milestones for 2018 was the expansion of their partnership with PLDT Enterprise, going beyond mobile solutions. This year, Samsung and PLDT Enterprise teamed up to offer local enterprises a smarter way to conduct their meetings.
"Samsung is one of the biggest IT companies in the world, and PLDT Enterprise is world-class service provider. We together, will be able to collaborate for all the levels in the future," says Samsung Electronics' Corporate Vice President and Head of Subsidiary Kevin Lee.


All above base papers were integrated into the whitepaper. The work on the base- and joint whitepaper was prepared by the experts in the NetWorld2020 Expert Group and SatCOM Working Group.
In September 2014 efforts on preparing another base paper have started: "5G Experimental Facilities in Europe" with Antonio Manzalini and Roberto Verdone as the lead editors. This is still work in progress.


text:
Microsoft revealed by GlobalData's score card as the most disruptive software company
Verdict Staff 5th November 2021	(Last Updated November 5th, 2021 16:55)
Volodymyr Kyrylyuk / Shutterstock.com
Microsoft is the technology company best positioned to take advantage of future application software disruption in the industry, according to GlobalData's s recent score card.
The US-based company comes top of the list in a ranking of overall leadership in the themes that matter most among application software companies.
These themes, which can be defined as any issues that keep CEOs awake at night, describe technological, macroeconomic and industry-specific challenges that companies are currently facing, as well as the opportunities they create. GlobalData's Thematic Research ecosystem identifies and tracks these challenges, and how they create long-term winners and losers.
Microsoft scored highly in several themes, particularly when it comes to artificial intelligence, blockchain, ESG and future of work, where it received top marks of five out of five.
Microsoft received scores of four for Big Data, cybersecurity, internet of things, hybrid cloud, multi-cloud management and Covid-19 performances.
These scores represent GlobalData analysts' assessments of the competitiveness of each company regarding a particular theme. They are then weighted based on their importance and used to create the final industry ranking.
Microsoft is followed in GlobalData's score card ranking by Alphabet, Amazon and IBM.
The interactive graphic below allows you to compare company ratings across the 10 themes in question. The higher up a company is on the list, the better positioned it is to weather disruption in the future, while the companies at the bottom are more vulnerable to disruptive threats.
Click on any of the companies to compare them across all the themes in our analysis.
GlobalData's analysis reveals that companies from USA are some of the best-prepared players in the application software game. Companies from China and NA also performed well.
These scores are based on overall technology, macroeconomic and sector-specific leadership in 10 of the key themes that matter most to the mining industry and are generated by GlobalData analysts' assessments.
This article is based on GlobalData research figures as of 03 November, 2021. For more up to date figures, check the GlobalData website.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
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Have you ever heard of Waikerie? This small town is about to star in an international feature film
It's not often that a small town like Waikerie in South Australia's Riverland hosts the cast and crew of an international feature film.
The Run Rabbit Run feature begins production in the Riverland region of South Australia from next month
The film, starring Sarah Snook, will bring together 60 cast and crew in the small town of Waikerie
Local novelist Hannah Kent wrote the screenplay with the region in mind
The $8million thriller Run Rabbit Run is based on a screenplay by South Australian novelist Hannah Kent and will partly be filmed in locations around Waikerie and Swan Reach in February and March.
Much of the script was written with the Riverland region in mind, and the local council hopes the production will showcase the area's natural beauty to international audiences.
South Australian actress Sarah Snook – who starred in US drama series Succession – stars as a fertility doctor struggling with issues with her daughter.
Snook, along with The Handmaid's Tale director Daina Reed, will be among the film's 60 cast and crew.
Riverland takes center stage
Waikerie is a town of about 2,500 people, located just off the Sturt Highway, about two hours drive from Adelaide.
The film's location supervisor, John Greene, said the town and nearby Murray River would feature prominently in the production.
"We had to find a place that used the high cliffs above the Murray River, and there were also a number of other written areas that showed that particular area, which is fantastic," Mr Greene said.
"Although the film is actually set in South Australia, our first three weeks are going to be filming in Victoria and then we will come here and finish the film in the Riverland area."
These cliffs along the Murray River form one of the locations spotted by the film's producers. (Provided: Jackie Haines)
Want more local news? Sign up for ABC Riverland's weekly newsletter.
Paul McCormick, vice president of the Riverland West Chamber of Commerce, said the film would put the region on the world map.
"It will be a fantastic thing for Waikerie," he said.
"The film is aimed at a global audience and it will feature the entire Riverland region, so this is a great opportunity for the region to be showcased internationally.
"When the movie comes out, I hope some of the COVID restrictions will be lifted and people around the world can see our fantastic, beautiful part of the world and they'll come here and visit us."
Injection of expenses for the community
The production will also be a welcome boost to the local economy.
Mr McCormick said it would be the region's biggest short-term outlay he's seen in recent years, with the production team estimating they pump $200,000 to $300,000 into the region during filming.
"Accommodation, food and fuel will be where the money is spent, so it will be a big boost for the city," he said.
South Australian novelist Hannah Kent wrote the screenplay with the Riverland region in mind. (Supplied: South Australian Film Corporation)
Mr Greene said that while the production would use local resources during filming, it would not extend to local talent on screen.
"Unfortunately, this movie doesn't have a lot of extras," Mr. Greene said.
"It's usually a way to get locals involved, but there will be quite a lot of spending in the area in a short period of time, so we're looking forward to energizing the area and helping out a bit."
To gauge local support for the production, Loxton-Waikerie District Council polled its social media followers to ask the community if they would support the local pool being closed for a week for filming.
Of the 473 people surveyed, 97% voted in favor of the temporary closure.
The town of Waikerie prepares to welcome the cast and crew of the film. (ABC Riverland: Samantha Dawes)
Loxton-Waikerie District Council chief executive David Beaton said the benefit to the town was multifaceted.
"We've had a fantastic response from the community and good engagement on social media, so it's been really good and really positive," Mr Beaton said.
"We hope there will be benefits to be gained from this, in increased knowledge and awareness of Waikerie.
"Waikerie is a beautiful town, but the freeway doesn't run right through it.
"If it becomes a bit more notorious, it gives people a reason to go see the city and see how pretty it is, to engage with the locals and enjoy the vibe."
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When working with junior developers and sometimes even senior developers, I'll see them get stuck, frustrated and struggle to work out why something isn't working how they expect. They'll mutter under their breath "but it SHOULD work", that they've checked everything and can't see why the code isn't doing what they want.
I feel like I'm pretty good at debugging, able to get to the root of a problem pretty quickly, and once you're there, it's generally very easy to work out the next step required to actually fix the problem.
So here are a few tips on how I debug that will hopefully save someone several hours of keyboard mashing and curse words muttering.
This should go without saying, but in the real world, not every piece of code has a test, and the tests don't always cover every case.
If it's a repeatable bug, write a test that fails. It'll be quicker in the long run than tinkering with code and manually going through the steps to reproduce every time. With the added bonus that the bug can't happen again without the test failing, and you won't reintroduce the bug again in the future. yay.
If you're working in Ruby, I find pry to be excellent, it doesn't give you full debugging capabilities but combined with pry-byebug, you have yourself one very powerful set of tools to help you.
Add binding.pry anywhere in the code will pause execution and let you use a more advanced version of irb while still in the current state of the application. From here you can see all the current application state visible from the scope where you added the binding.pry.
When you run your failing test, you can step through the code and see at what point it stops doing exactly what you expect. You can execute any code you like to help you see what isn't working.
In ruby it is common to use many many gems in the development of a product. There is usually a lot of different ones to chose from that claim to do the same thing, but it's always worth checking github repositories, paying attention to: How actively the library is developed - did someone write this 3 years ago and it hasn't been updated since?
How many open issues are there - are people having problems with the way it works?
If you are careful with what libraries you use, this shouldn't happen so often, but it does happen. Some code in another library is not working how you expect.
I've seen a lot of people hit a wall here; it's not my code, I've never seen it before and I didn't break it - what do I do?!
First thing is first, you can also debug inside your gems - they're just code files that are loaded in your project, no different from any of your own.
If you've identified a problem , fork the repository, get the tests passing, and write a failing one. You can contribute back to the community with a pull request and until that pull request is merged, you can update your Gemfile to reference your own forked repository of the gem.
Of course, I stuck a binding.pry in there, ran the task again, indeed, the configuration wasn't set. I added a binding.pry to my own initializer to check that the value was getting set, maybe its losing the configuration option some time later? I'm setting the value to a literal, so there shouldn't be anything wrong here.
Running the task again, I noticed the it didn't stop at my initializers pry… The rails environment wasn't getting initialized by the task (making the rake task depend on the environment task). None of the initializers were getting called, so the configuration wasn't picked up. Simple bug but quickly got the root cause of the problem.
This isn't really debugging, but what I'm trying to get at is, don't take documentation at face value. If you are trying to use a library at it doesn't say it does what you want, go and look at the code! Developers love writing code, but generally they don't love writing documentation, and if they do, its not always in sync with the reality of the code.
Take a look at the code, find the code that is responsible for whatever you are looking for, see if the functionality already exists, changes are, if you need it, somebody else has already done it. If not, you can always add it yourself and do a pull request.
A recent example I came across was when trying to use the cloudinary gem to compile static assets, by default, it stores all your static assets in cloudinary, which I didn't want. I just wanted it to do assets in a certain directory. Damn!
Taking a look at the code, I went right to the rake task in question cloudinary:sync_static, which is defined in lib/tasks/cloudinary.rake.
Clearly, we can set static_image_dirs configuration and it will use this, and if that isn't set, it'll use the default. Problem solved.
Hopefully this post has give you a better grasp on what to do when you hit that brick wall and get back do making awesome things.


text:
Peskotom = Pollock
There is some very promising and important work going on to help preserve and keep the Passamaquoddy language alive. The language is still spoken fluently by many of the older tribal members. However, with the rapid changes in the world today, there is much concern that the language will not survive. The younger generations are not becoming fluent in the language.
The digital age has brought a new way of preserving, learning and teaching the language. Multimedia computers now offer text, pictures, audio, video and interactivity. This new media has become a valuable tool with language preservation and revitalization. .
The on reservation grade school provides some classroom instruction teaching the Passamaquoddy language.
Over the years the staff employed at the Tribal Museum have contributed directly in the development and production of new dictionary. The new dictionary (in hardcover book form) has now been completed. It was published by the University of Maine Press, Orono, Maine and the Goose lane Editions, Fredericton, New Brunswick and is available through various book sellers on the internet. The dictionary has over 1200 pages and has taken several years to complete. There are well over 20,000 words in the dictionary. Through the dictionary project an extensive digital database was developed including digital audio files. This digital version of the dictionary project has not yet been published. It has been envisioned to make an interactive educational CD-ROM using this data. Many words have been published on the Mi'kmaq - Maliseet Institute UNB Libraries' Electronic Text Centre Web Site.
The Tribal Historic Preservation Department is working to help preserve certain aspects of the Passamaquoddy language. See "Placenames CD" page.
There are many dedicated individuals doing important language revitalization work on their own as well.
Visit the Passamaquoddy Dictionary Website:
http://pmportal.org/
Maliseet - Passamaquoddy Dictionary contains over 13,500 entries. Editors-in-chief are David A. Francis Sr and Robert M. Leavitt.
Language Keepers Website: is an innovative approach combining descriptive linguistics, documentary video, and community outreach to revive speaker groups to use heritage language in traditional and contemporary activities while recording it for language learning, dictionary development, research, cultural transmission, and revival.
Click Links Below for more information on the Passamaquoddy Language:
David Francis
Robert Leavitt


text:
Busby to Challenge Bilbray Again
By Lauren W. Whittington
Democrat Francine Busby is set to announce later this week that she will run again next year in California's 50th district, a seat currently held by Rep. Brian Bilbray (R).Busby rose to prominence as the Democratic nominee in the hard-fought and extremely expensive 2006 special election to replace disgraced ex-Rep. Duke Cunningham (R), who was convicted and sent to prison for evading taxes and taking more than $2 million in bribes.Busby won 44 percent in the initial all-party primary, but she fell to Bilbray in the second round of balloting — taking 45 percent to his 50 percent. She ran again in the 2006 November general election, losing by 10 points.In a statement, Busby noted the changing demographics of the San Diego-area district as evidenced by President Barack Obama's 51 percent to 47 percent victory in the 50th last year."Voters called for change in 2008 when they elected Barack Obama,— Busby said in a statement. "Bilbray didn't heed the message. He played a reckless, cruel game of politics with the lives of struggling San Diegans when he voted no on Recovery and Reimbursement Act that would bring millions of federal stimulus dollars into our economy.—National Democrats have been increasingly optimistic about new opportunities to put GOP-held seats in play in the Golden State in 2010, using Obama's performance in a handful of districts as their barometer.Busby, who has served as a Cardiff school board district trustee, will kick off her campaign at an announcement Thursday in Encinitas.


text:
from django.contrib.sites.models import Site
from django.test import RequestFactory
from django.test.utils import override_settings
from django.utils.functional import empty

from django_hosts.middleware import HostsRequestMiddleware

from .base import HostsTestCase
from .models import Author, BlogPost, WikiPage

@override_settings(ALLOWED_HOSTS=['wiki.site1', 'wiki.site2', 'admin.site4', 'static'])
class SitesTests(HostsTestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        super(SitesTests, self).setUp()
        self.site1 = Site.objects.create(domain='wiki.site1', name='site1')
        self.site2 = Site.objects.create(domain='wiki.site2', name='site2')
        self.site3 = Site.objects.create(domain='wiki.site3', name='site3')
        self.site4 = Site.objects.create(domain='admin.site4', name='site4')
        self.page1 = WikiPage.objects.create(content='page1', site=self.site1)
        self.page2 = WikiPage.objects.create(content='page2', site=self.site1)
        self.page3 = WikiPage.objects.create(content='page3', site=self.site2)
        self.page4 = WikiPage.objects.create(content='page4', site=self.site3)

        self.author1 = Author.objects.create(name='john', site=self.site1)
        self.author2 = Author.objects.create(name='terry', site=self.site2)
        self.post1 = BlogPost.objects.create(content='post1',
                                             author=self.author1)
        self.post2 = BlogPost.objects.create(content='post2',
                                             author=self.author2)

    def tearDown(self):
        for model in [WikiPage, BlogPost, Author, Site]:
            model.objects.all().delete()

    @override_settings(
        ROOT_HOSTCONF='tests.hosts.simple',
        DEFAULT_HOST='www')
    def test_sites_callback(self):
        rf = RequestFactory(HTTP_HOST='wiki.site1')
        request = rf.get('/simple/')
        middleware = HostsRequestMiddleware()
        middleware.process_request(request)
        self.assertEqual(request.urlconf, 'tests.urls.simple')
        self.assertEqual(request.site.pk, self.site1.pk)

    @override_settings(
        ROOT_HOSTCONF='tests.hosts.simple',
        DEFAULT_HOST='www')
    def test_sites_cached_callback(self):
        rf = RequestFactory(HTTP_HOST='admin.site4')
        request = rf.get('/simple/')
        middleware = HostsRequestMiddleware()
        middleware.process_request(request)

        get_site = lambda: request.site.domain

        # first checking if there is a db query
        self.assertEqual(request.site._wrapped, empty)
        self.assertNumQueries(1, get_site)
        self.assertEqual(request.site._wrapped, self.site4)

        # resetting the wrapped site instance to check the cache value
        request.site._wrapped = empty
        self.assertNumQueries(0, get_site)
        self.assertEqual(request.site.pk, self.site4.pk)

    @override_settings(
        ROOT_HOSTCONF='tests.hosts.simple',
        DEFAULT_HOST='www')
    def test_sites_callback_with_parent_host(self):
        rf = RequestFactory(HTTP_HOST='wiki.site2')
        request = rf.get('/simple/')
        middleware = HostsRequestMiddleware()
        middleware.process_request(request)
        self.assertEqual(request.urlconf, 'tests.urls.simple')
        self.assertEqual(request.site.pk, self.site2.pk)

    @override_settings(
        ROOT_HOSTCONF='tests.hosts.simple',
        DEFAULT_HOST='www')
    def test_manager_simple(self):
        rf = RequestFactory(HTTP_HOST='wiki.site2')
        request = rf.get('/simple/')
        middleware = HostsRequestMiddleware()
        middleware.process_request(request)
        self.assertEqual(request.urlconf, 'tests.urls.simple')
        self.assertEqual(request.site.pk, self.site2.pk)
        self.assertEqual(list(WikiPage.on_site.by_request(request)),
                         [self.page3])

    @override_settings(
        ROOT_HOSTCONF='tests.hosts.simple',
        DEFAULT_HOST='www')
    def test_manager_missing_site(self):
        rf = RequestFactory(HTTP_HOST='static')
        request = rf.get('/simple/')
        middleware = HostsRequestMiddleware()
        middleware.process_request(request)
        self.assertEqual(request.urlconf, 'tests.urls.simple')
        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: request.site)
        self.assertEqual(list(WikiPage.on_site.by_request(request)), [])

    def test_manager_default_site(self):
        with self.settings(SITE_ID=self.site1.id):
            self.assertEqual(list(WikiPage.on_site.all()),
                             [self.page1, self.page2])

    def test_manager_related_site(self):
        with self.settings(SITE_ID=self.site1.id):
            self.assertEqual(list(BlogPost.on_site.all()), [self.post1])
        with self.settings(SITE_ID=self.site2.id):
            self.assertEqual(list(BlogPost.on_site.all()), [self.post2])

    def test_no_select_related(self):
        with self.settings(SITE_ID=self.site1.id):
            self.assertEqual(list(BlogPost.no_select_related.all()),
                             [self.post1])

    def test_non_existing_field(self):
        with self.settings(SITE_ID=self.site1.id):
            self.assertRaises(ValueError, BlogPost.non_existing.all)

    def test_dead_end_field(self):
        with self.settings(SITE_ID=self.site1.id):
            self.assertRaises(ValueError, BlogPost.dead_end.all)

    def test_non_rel_field(self):
        with self.settings(SITE_ID=self.site1.id):
            self.assertRaises(TypeError, BlogPost.non_rel.all)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Pubs are a pivotal part of any Londoner's social life. It's rarely an inappropriate time for a quick pint with a mate. The art of the pub, in my view, is to create a warm atmosphere that lends itself to good conversation. Open fires and a good selection of beer are bonuses.
Everyone has their own specific pub preferences – The Wenlock is a favourite of mine. For one, it has a strong selection of locals – semi-permanent customers who determine the tone. Expect at least one of this motley crew will strike up conversation with you at the bar. Don't panic, they don't bite – and you never know, you might even learn a thing or two.
This tiny pub also offers a good range of changing ales and lagers in a traditional setting (and, yes, it does have an open fire). They also provide simple but delicious snacks including hot cheese toasties – great for warming your soul on a cold winter's day.


My purpose is to empower people to fulfill their potential. I want to hold space for myself and others to take care of our minds and bodies with kindness. Here you will find recipes, trail reports from my favourite places on Earth, and my views on holistic wellness. Enjoy!


DETROIT - Little Caesars Pizza founder Mike Ilitch, owner of Detroit Tigers and Red Wings, has died at age 87, a family spokesperson said.
"It is with great sadness that I inform you of the passing of my father, Mike Ilitch, our beloved colleague, friend and leader. Mr. I, as so many of you affectionately called him, died this afternoon at a local hospital. He was 87.
As many of you know, my father loved his family dearly. He is survived by his wife and my mother, Marian Ilitch, his partner in life and in business. They have seven adult children (Denise, Ron, Michael Jr., Lisa, Atanas, me and Carole), 22 grandchildren and three great-grandchildren. Mr. I's love extends to the many thousands of colleagues, players, coaches and franchisees, whom he regarded as his extended family. I know firsthand how much he truly cared for each of you.
Mike Ilitch was a true leader, setting the tone for our organization and our family. While doing so he embodied our vision, values and culture in a way that we all learned from and can carry forward. He was a titan in the world of sports, business and in the community, who will be remembered for his unwavering commitment to his colleagues, his passion for Detroit, his generosity to others and his devotion to his family and friends. He touched the lives of colleagues, franchisees, pizza lovers, sports fans and many others throughout the world. I'm honored to have had the opportunity to work with him to nurture and grow our businesses, but mostly, I'm grateful to have called him my Dad.
Like any great leader, my father was always looking ahead, and he appreciated the importance of cultivating the next generation of leaders. He put a strong management team in place across our companies that I will continue to lead in bringing his vision to life going forward. I know that, together, we will fulfill his amazing vision for our organization.
Following a private funeral service, we will celebrate the tremendous man he was at a memorial tribute for family, close friends and colleagues. When details and timing of this memorial service are finalized, I will share that information with you. In the meantime, you can share your thoughts, memories and condolences by email to Mr@ilitchholdings.com. Thank you for your support and dedication during this time."
Mike Ilitch, founder of Little Caesars Pizza, owner of the Detroit Tigers and Detroit Red Wings, Chairman of Ilitch Holdings, and champion for Detroit, died today at a local hospital. He was 87.
"My father was a once-in-a-generation entrepreneur, visionary and leader, setting the tone for our organization and our family," said Christopher Ilitch, President and CEO of Ilitch Holdings, Inc. "He made such a positive impact in the world of sports, in business and in the community, and we will remember him for his unwavering commitment to his employees, his passion for Detroit, his generosity to others and his devotion to his family and friends. Together my family and the company celebrate the tremendous man he was, and we will continue to work hard to uphold his remarkable legacy. I'm honored to have had the opportunity to work with him to nurture and grow our businesses, but mostly, I'm grateful to have called him my Dad, and I know my siblings feel the same."
Mike Ilitch was married to Marian Ilitch, his partner in life and business for 61 years. They have seven adult children Denise (Jim Scalici), Ron, Michael Jr. (Noelle), Lisa (Glenn Murray), Atanas (Patty), Christopher (Kelle), Carole, 22 grandchildren and three great-grandchildren. Mike Ilitch's life is a remarkable American success story. He was born in Detroit, Michigan in 1929 to Macedonian immigrants Sotir Ilitch and Sultana Tasseff Ilitch who came to the United States in 1924. He had one brother Peter who died in 2009. Ilitch was educated in Detroit where he attended Clinton Elementary, Post Intermediate and Cooley High School, where he was an All-City athlete in baseball and track.
Mr. Ilitch believed passionately in giving back to the community. Among his many contributions to others, Mr. Ilitch established the Little Caesars Love Kitchen in 1985. With two trucks on the road to serve those in need, these restaurants on wheels have served more than three million people.
Additionally, inspired by the story of a veteran returning to civilian life, Ilitch founded the Little Caesars Veterans Program in 2006. This program provides honorably discharged veterans with financial incentives and other support to help them open a franchise with Little Caesars. Further, Ilitch established the Little Caesars Amateur Hockey Program in 1968, and it has provided opportunities for tens of thousands of youngsters to play the great game of hockey over the years.
Ilitch Charities and its affiliates, the Detroit Red Wings Foundation and the Detroit Tigers Foundation, have given more than $35 million in cash and in-kind contributions to deserving organizations across the community since 2005. Additionally, Mr. and Mrs. Ilitch have personally gifted nearly $50 million to Detroit's Wayne State University, $40 million of which was dedicated to establish the new Mike Ilitch School of Business, which will train and educate the next generation of the city's great entrepreneurs."


Get excited foodies! The Sebel Brisbane Margate Beach has welcomed an enthusiastic and wildly experienced new Chef, Michael Harris. Michael is an impressive new addition to the restaurant, his career has spanned over many years and many countries and he is now ready for a new challenge at the Sebel's signature restaurant, Margate Beach House.
Beginning his career with an apprenticeship at the Dorchester Hotel in London, English Chef Michael Harris went on to train with Michelin starred chefs Andoni Luis Aduriz of Mugaritz and Philippe Legendre of La Cinq. As if that isn't impressive enough, he has also worked with Jamie Oliver and Heston Blumenthal and has spent time working in highly esteemed kitchens across Europe and Asia. His career recently took him to Singapore and New Zealand, before he arrived in Australia several years ago.
Now in his new position at Margate Beach House, Chef Harris is passionate about featuring fresh, seasonal produce from local suppliers in the new menu. The Redcliffe Peninsula provides a new opportunity for Michael, who is passionate about creating a quintessentially Australian restaurant experience.
About the menu, Michael states "I believe in letting the food speak for itself by enhancing the natural flavours." This attitude is clearly reflected in his new dishes, that are sure to draw you in and keep you coming back for more.
The new menu items include Truffle & Wild Mushroom Arancini, Mussels & Fries, Smoked Seafood Pie, Wagyu Burger, and line-caught market fish of the day. All of this, and the rest of the menu looks, and tastes, incredible. There are also gluten-free and vegetarian options, as well as a children's menu available, making this the perfect spot to take family and friends.
Margate Beach House is fast becoming a well-loved Redcliffe hotspot. Open daily, 6.30am to 9.00pm, the restaurant is perfect for a relaxed meal with stunning panoramic ocean views at any time of day. So next time you get a chance, drop in and try out the new menu for yourself, you won't be disappointed!


text:
Николай Михайлович Челов (1909 год, с. Левашёво, ныне в черте г. Стерлитамак, Башкортостан — 9 декабря 1943 года, гора Митридат, Керчь, Крым) — подполковник, Герой Советского Союза.

Начальная биография
Николай Михайлович Челов родился в 1909 году в селе Левашёво, (ныне в составе г.Стерлитамака  Республики Башкортостан) в крестьянской семье.

Окончил семь классов. С 1928 по 1929 год Челов работал секретарём Левашовского сельсовета.

Военная служба

Довоенный период
В 1929 году Николай Челов был призван в ряды РККА Стерлитамакским горвоенкоматом Башкирской АССР.

В 1932 году вступил в ряды ВКП(б).

Окончил полковую школу, курсы снайперов, а в 1941 году — курсы усовершенствования комсостава «Выстрел», после чего служил на должности начальника полковой школы.

Великая Отечественная война
С 1 июля 1941 года принимал участие в боях на фронтах Великой Отечественной войны.

Подполковник Николай Михайлович Челов отличился в освобождении Крыма. 9 декабря 1943 года 1331-й горнострелковый полк (318-я горнострелковая дивизия, 18-я армия) под командованием Челова прорвал оборону противника, войска которого блокировали штаб 318-й горнострелковой дивизии на горе Митридат под городом Керчь. Подполковник Челов возглавил атаку и погиб в этом бою. Похоронен в Керчи, у подножия горы Митридат.

Указом Президиума Верховного Совета СССР от 16 мая 1944 года за умелое командование полком, образцовое выполнение боевых заданий командования и проявленные при этом геройство и мужество подполковнику Николай Михайловичу Челову посмертно присвоено звание Героя Советского Союза.

Память

В честь погибших десантников на горе Митридат был установлен обелиск. В Центральном районе города-героя Керчь в честь Николая Михайловича Челова названа улица.

Награды
 Медаль «Золотая Звезда» (16.05.1944);
 орден Ленина (16.05.1944);
 два ордена Красного Знамени (30.04.1943; 06.11.1943);
 орден Отечественной войны 1-й степени (18.09.1943).

Примечания

Ссылки

Погибшие в боях Великой Отечественной войны
Члены КПСС
Командиры полков в Великой Отечественной войне
Выпускники курсов «Выстрел»
Похороненные в Керчи

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Greggs has issued a profit warning after it revealed like-for-like sales (LFLs) were down 4.4% in the first four months of the year due to the poor weather.
The BB75-leading bakery retailer said it had been particularly hit by adverse conditions in January and March.
But it also said the picture was improving slightly, with the most recent two weeks indicating an underlying rate of LFL decline of around 1.5%, "reflecting in part the beginning of the weaker comparisons seen last year".
Total sales in the period grew by 3%, driven by its new shop opening programme and the continued development of wholesale and franchise sales.
In a statement, the company, which recently saw the departure of chief executive Ken McMeikan, said: "We do not expect a significant improvement in the difficult underlying market conditions in the short term. The business is focused on continuing with our plans to invest in core sales performance whilst taking action to reduce costs.


text:
"Don't Play That Song (You Lied)" is a song written by Ahmet Ertegun and Betty Nelson, the wife of soul singer Ben E. King. It was first recorded by King and was the title track on his third album Don't Play That Song! (1962). The song reached number 2 on the U.S. R&B singles chart and number 11 on the pop chart when released as a single on Atco Records in 1962. In Europe, it ranked at #10 in Italy on FIMI National Charts between 1962 and 1963.

Aretha Franklin covered the song for her nineteenth studio album, Spirit in the Dark, released on Atlantic Records in 1970. Her version, performed with the Dixie Flyers, was released as a single in 1970 and peaked at number 1 for five weeks on the R&B singles chart and number 11 on the pop chart. Franklin's version was certified gold with sales over a million copies. It reached number 13 on the UK Singles Chart. This was the first of two covers Franklin did of songs made popular by King. The other was her cover of "Spanish Harlem" in 1971.

Other acts to have recorded or performed the song include Keith Locke and The Quests, Peppino di Capri, Adriano Celentano in 1977 and Mariah Carey. It was also performed to great acclaim on the first season of American Idol by Kelly Clarkson, the eventual winner. More recently Sam Moore duetted the song with Bekka Bramlett on his 2006 album Overnight Sensational. The British soul singer Beverley Knight included a cover of the song on her 2016 album Soulsville.

In 1962, the French singer Johnny Hallyday released a single with a French adaptation of the song under the title Pas Cette Chanson !

Bruce Springsteen recorded the song for his 2022 album, Only the Strong Survive.

References

1962 singles
1970 singles
1977 singles
Ben E. King songs
Aretha Franklin songs
Songs written by Ahmet Ertegun
1962 songs
Atco Records singles


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Jonathan Watt is an alarmingly average 17 year old. His many talents include asking his parents for money, doing accidental burnouts in his car, and taking in copious amounts of caffeine on a daily basis. He always makes sure to wait until the last possible minute to complete any given task, a trait he has come to depend on as he enters his senior year. He likes saying swear words in German, eating entire pints of ice cream with minimal guilt, and seeing how long he can hold his breath whenever a character in a movie goes underwater (just to see if he would survive).
The student newspaper of, by, and for Ames High School.


text:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
 Copyright (C) 2014 ZXing authors

 Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 You may obtain a copy of the License at

      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 limitations under the License.
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<resources>
  <string name="zxing_app_name">Barra-kode Eskanerra</string>
  <string name="zxing_button_ok">Ados</string>
  <string name="zxing_msg_camera_framework_bug">Barkatu, Android kamerak arazo bat izan du. Behar bada gailua berrabiarazi beharko duzu.</string>
  <string name="zxing_msg_default_status">Kokatu barra-kode bat laukizuzenaren barruan eskaneatzeko.</string>
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text:
Reaction to the Boston Marathon terrorist attack
The Sports Working Group of AEGEE-Europe would like to express its deepest condolence to all those affected by the bombing at the Boston Marathon.
It is hard to imagine in our times that some unscrupulous people are able to perform an action such as what happened yesterday in Boston. The Marathon of Boston is the first modern urban marathon in the world, with a very international character and a renowned event of sport, huge brotherhood between religions, ethnics and political ideologies. Certainly, the tragedy in the afternoon of April 15th only seeks to generate terror among the free thinkers of humanity. The board of the Sports Working Group is terribly affected by these news and condemns any kind of terrorist actions. We are shocked to see that the people behind this attack used such an International Sports Events to carry out their intention of spreading terror among the free and democratic societies. The marathon gathered all Boston society in a festive atmosphere, something that the terrorists sought to destroy with their will of maim and kill.
The images we've seen in the last day, have tried to break the spirit that for a century represent this international event. But we also witness a great hope and strength in the images of solidarity and brotherhood that arose seconds after the explosions. United we are stronger, and this should be the message.
The Boston Marathon with more than one century of history, since 1897, is the oldest marathon in the world. Inspired by the Olympic spirits of fraternity and improvement, it is held each year the third Monday of April, Patriots' Day. The Boston Marathon is one of the six World Marathon Majors and attracts more than 500,000 spectators each year, making it the most viewed sport event in Massachusetts. Each year gathers an average of about 20,000 registers participants, even when its starts was only performed by 18 participants, having its maximum in 1996 when around 36,748 participants run this event.
Father and son participating in Boston Marathon (photo by Steward Dawson)
The Boston Marathon was also an important step in the fight of the women rights. In the celebration of the 70th Boston Marathon, 1967, Kathrine Switzer, a young bachelor student, was the first woman ending this marathon. Even when all the Marathon referees tried to stop her due to her gender. At that time these kinds of events were supposed to be just for men.
We would like to express our deepest condolences to the families of the victims and we wish to those wounded a speedy recovery.
Written collectively by the Sports Working Group and the Board of AEGEE-Europe


Be it a single business building, a multi shop strip mall or a low-rise office building. We can build you the building that you need.
Why A Precast Industrial building?
Precast industrial buildings have many advantages compared to traditional building methods like industrial design, energy savings, and lower insurance rates.
Simple and practical designs that make sense for industrial applications.
Precast concrete helps insulate due to it's composition, thus saving energy and money.
In many cases precast concrete can decrease insurance premiums because it is fireproof, waterproof and rustproof.
Let us help you build a beautiful space to grow your business that will last and be easy to maintain.
Industrial buildings that will save you time and money.
Precast concrete buildings are great for use in the industrial sector. Our load bearing insulated panels, coupled with a structural column and beam setup, will support any size and type of roof design. The high durability and great thermal mass of concrete will transfer through to savings on maintenance and heating costs over the long life of the building. Precast buildings also also give clients the option to have decorative finishes to the concrete that will not only look great, but will be durable for years to come.
Send us a message to get started on your next project.


Quiring, Courtney, et al. "Embeda 30/1.2." Davis's Drug Guide, 16th ed., F.A. Davis Company, 2019. Pediatrics Central, peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Davis-Drug-Guide/109992/all/Embeda_30_1_2.
Quiring C, Sanoski CA, Vallerand AH. Embeda 30/1.2. Davis's Drug Guide. 16th ed. F.A. Davis Company; 2019. https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Davis-Drug-Guide/109992/all/Embeda_30_1_2. Accessed April 21, 2019.
Quiring C, Sanoski CA, Vallerand AH. Embeda 30/1.2 [Internet]. In: Davis's Drug Guide. F.A. Davis Company; 2019. [cited 2019 April 21]. Available from: https://peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Davis-Drug-Guide/109992/all/Embeda_30_1_2.


What's in Store for British Columbia Real Estate Market in 2014?
BCREA's Chief Economist, Cameron Muir, is forecasting an increase in sales which will be equal to the long term average, as well as an increase in prices. He has revised his prediction to 4.3% for 2014.
But Muir doesn't expect to see the frantic market of a few years ago, instead buyers will be less frantic and will be moving back into the real estate market in order to take advantage of the lower interest rates.
Take a look at BCREA's graph.
There are certainly more buyers in the market than there was a year ago.
Buying or selling Vancouver real estate?