text:
stated on June 14, 2016 in a tweet after the Orlando shooting:
The ammunition used in the Orlando shooting "is banned by Geneva Convention. It enters the body, spins & explodes."
By Neelesh Moorthy June 23, 2016
Liberal filmmaker Michael Moore incorrectly claims AR-15 bullets banned by Geneva Convention
Filmmaker and liberal commentator Michael Moore made a provocative claim about the ammunition used in the June 12 Orlando shooting — that it is prohibited by the Geneva Conventions.
"Ammo used in AR-15/M-16 is banned by Geneva Convention," Moore tweeted June 14. "It enters the body, spins & explodes. Show the crime scene photos and the NRA is over."
The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives reported June 12 that Omar Mateen had been in possession of a 9 millimeter semiautomatic pistol and a .223 caliber AR-type rifle. The latter was later identified as a Sig Sauer MCX rifle by the gun shop owner who sold Mateen the gun. Law enforcement has not released the exact type of .223-caliber ammunition used as of this fact-check's publication.
Still, many people responded on Twitter to Moore trying to debunk his tweet, so we took a closer look. We contacted Moore's office but didn't hear back.
What is the Geneva Convention?
The 1949 Geneva Conventions are a set of treaties and protocols dictating the humane treatment of people during war. For example, they prohibit torture, hostage-taking, deportation and execution without "judicial guarantees."
In particular, the Conventions prescribe protections for various classes — the ill, medical workers, prisoners of war and civilians during wartime.
The main text of the Geneva Convention treaties does not include any specific mention of prohibited ammunition, and neither do the supplementary protocols.
The closest thing to Moore's claim is Article 35 of the first protocol. It prohibits "weapons, projectiles and materials … causing superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering" but does not offer further clarification.
In any case, the Geneva Convention does not apply to domestic weapon use, said Dan Joyner, a professor of law at the University of Alabama. Only wartime.
"No source of international law prohibits the sale or use within a country of any particular kind of ammunition," Joyner said.
Mateen's declaration of allegiance to ISIS does give the incident an international character, but the Conventions primarily apply to issues between nation-factions.
Different conventions
We looked at other international conventions to see if they banned certain ammunition. Some do, but experts suggested Mateen's ammunition might not qualify, again because these agreements are binding for traditional warfare, not domestic purchases.
The first appearance of an ammunition ban in international treaties comes in the 1868 Declaration of St. Petersburg, which bans explosive or flammable projectiles weighing less than 400 grams.
Declaration III of the 1899 Hague Convention bans bullets that "expand or flatten" upon entering the body — commonly known as "hollow-point bullets." The same language is included in the 1998 Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.
The catch? Hague only applies "in the case of war" between two or more signatories. Rome only creates jurisdiction over genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes.
Case in point, the International Committee of the Red Cross notes that many parties to the Hague Convention use "expanding bullets" in their domestic police forces.
Jonathan Brostoff
stated on January 7, 2021 in a tweet
The woman killed during the Jan. 6 U.S. Capitol assault was shot by a Secret Service agent, not Capitol Police.
By Eric Litke • January 7, 2021
Gary Mauser, professor emeritus at Simon Fraser University, said Moore's claim errs in relating the Orlando shooting to the Convention.
"That ban does not apply to the attacker in Orlando since he was not part of a formal military force," Mauser said.
In its newly set International Small Arms Control Standards, the United Nations has recently included a ban on a narrowly defined type of armor-piercing ammunition. However, these protocols are only guidance for how countries could choose to behave domestically, Mauser said.
"ISACS recommendations are merely recommendations, and do not have the force of law, either internationally or within any nation," said Mauser, who is also an ISACS expert advisor.
The bullets
Experts are unsure whether Mateen's ammunition matches what the treaties describe anyway, as law enforcement officials have not yet released the exact type of bullet Mateen used.
George Mocsary, a professor of law at Southern Illinois University, said that the vast majority of AR-15 bullets (mentioned in Moore's tweet) are .223 "full metal jackets."
These, Mocsary said, would not violate any conventions because they are "not expanding," "not explosive," and "not armour-piercing by the ISACS definition." Mocsary did, however, note that many .223 rounds can penetrate some armour simply by nature of being shot from a rifle.
However, investigators have not confirmed whether "full metal jackets" were in fact what Mateen used.
Tim O'Rourke, an investigator for The Grafton Group forensic science firm, said it is impossible to definitively characterize Mateen's rounds without further information. It is possible and legal to purchase hollow-point "controlled expansion" rounds in Florida, he said.
Regarding what Moore tweeted about the bullets' "spin," O'Rourke noted it is possible for bullets to "tumble" in the body depending on contingent factors such as barrel length and distance fired.
O'Rourke noted, however, that the bullets would not be designed to explode or detonate in the body.
Nonetheless, doctors treating the injuries noted the severe damage done to victim's bodies, such as "big, giant cavities" in the victims.
One mentioned that bullets struck with such force that ripple effects damaged even nearby tissue.
"It actually puts kinetic energy into tissue that it didn't hit," said doctor John M. Porter in the Philadelphia Inquirer. "It can go next to the liver and still destroy the liver."
Moore tweeted that the Geneva Convention prohibits the type of ammunition used in the Orlando shooting. However, the Geneva Convention does not deal with ammunition.
Other international conventions do prohibit certain ammunition, but only during wartime, not domestically. Even if they were binding domestically, experts are not sure whether Mateen's bullets qualify, given the limited information released from law enforcement.
That being said, Moore's tweet does emphasize the amount of damage these bullets inflicted. Even if his specifics might be off, doctors' reports support Moore on the general point about damages.
We rate Moore's claim False.
https://www.sharethefacts.co/share/c7d1cc63-b740-4c9e-ae93-d00188ad5e6a
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives official Twitter account, "Orlando guns," June 12, 2016
New York Post, "Weapons used in nightclub shooting bought at ex-NYPD cop's gun shop," June 13, 2016
International Committee of the Red Cross, "The Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949"
American Red Cross, "Summary of the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and Their Additional Protocols," April 2011
Yale Law School, "Laws of War: Declaration on the Use of Bullets Which Expand or Flatten Easily in the Human Body; July 29, 1899"
United Nations, "Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court"
International Committee of the Red Cross, "Practice Relating to Rule 77. Expanding Bullets"
International Committee of the Red Cross, "Rule 77. Expanding Bullets"
Florida Senate Website Archive, "Chapter 790: Weapons and Firearms," accessed June 16, 2016
United Nations, "Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects," July 2001
United Nations, "International Instrument to Enable States to Identify and Trace, in a Timely and Reliable Manner, Illicit Small Arms and Light Weapons," December 2005
United Nations, "Protocol Against The Illicit Manufacturing Of And Trafficking In Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition, Supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime,"
United Nations, "The Arms Trade Treaty"
International Small Arms Control Standards, "National regulation of civilian access to small arms and light weapons," June 11, 2015
International Small Arms Control Standards, "Glossary of terms, definitions and abbreviations," April 22, 2016
The Hill, "ATF shelves bullet ban proposal," March 10, 2015
The Philadelphia Inquirer, "Doctors: High-velocity Orlando rifle inflicts 'devastating wounds," June 16, 2016.
Email Interview with Gary Mauser, professor emeritus at Simon Fraser University, June 15, 2016
Phone Interviews with George Mocsary, professor of law at Southern Illinois University, June 15, 2016
Email Interview with Daniel Joyner, professor of law at the University of Alabama, June 15, 2016
Email Interview with Steven Howard, lawyer and ammunitions experts, June 15, 2016
Phone Interviews with Tim O'Rourke, investigator at The Grafton Group investigative firm, June 16, 2016
More by Neelesh Moorthy
stated on August 2, 2016 at the White House:
Because of the Trans-Pacific Partnership "we've got a country like Malaysia taking really serious efforts to crack down on human trafficking."
By Allison Graves • August 5, 2016
stated on August 2, 2016 a press conference at the White House:
Thanks to the Trans-Pacific Partnership, "Vietnam is drafting and presenting unprecedented labor reforms, changing their Constitution to recognize worker organizations in Vietnam for the first time."
stated on August 2, 2016 a White House press conference:
The Trans-Pacific Partnership "knocks out 18,000 tariffs that other countries place on American products and goods."
stated on July 30, 2016 a tweet:
"American homeownership rate in Q2 2016 was 62.9% - lowest rate in 51yrs."
By Neelesh Moorthy • August 2, 2016
stated on August 1, 2016 on Fox and Friends:
"Nobody covered" the remarks of Patricia Smith, the mother of a Benghazi victim, "live, but almost everybody covered Khizr Khan's, Mr. Khan's remarks live."
Says Hillary Clinton wrote, "I believe the primary role of the state is to teach, train and raise children. Parents have a secondary role."
Reince Priebus
stated on July 17, 2016 an interview on "Meet the Press":
Says no one from the Bush family attended the 2012 Republican National Convention and "there was no President Bush" at the 2008 convention.
By Allison Graves • July 17, 2016
Mike Rawlings
stated on July 8, 2016 a news conference:
In 2016, Dallas, Texas, has fewer "police officer-related shootings than any large city in America."
By Neelesh Moorthy • July 12, 2016
Rebuilding America Now
stated on June 23, 2016 an advertisement against Hillary Clinton:
Says Hillary Clinton "savaged" the dignity of people who accused Bill Clinton of sexual harassment or assault "and shamed them."
By Neelesh Moorthy • July 6, 2016
stated on June 29, 2016 a press conference at the North American Leaders Summit:
"During my administration, for example, we boosted U.S. exports to Canada and Mexico by about 50 percent. That supports about 2.8 million American jobs."
Kevin Brady
stated on June 24, 2016 a press conference for Republican tax reform:
The United States "is the only major country that taxes its own exports."
By Neelesh Moorthy • June 28, 2016
stated on June 21, 2016 a meeting with Christian leaders:
"We don't know anything about Hillary in terms of religion. Now, she's been in the public eye for years and years, and yet there's no — there's nothing out there."
stated on June 14, 2016 a tweet after the Orlando shooting:
stated on June 1, 2016 in a town hall:
"We've seen more manufacturing jobs created since I've been president than anytime since the 1990s. That's a fact."
stated on June 13, 2016 a speech responding to the Orlando shooting:
"According to Pew Research, 99 percent of the people in Afghanistan support oppressive Sharia law."


Contents of Basic Property Report: Property Ownership, Property Location, Property Characteristics, Site Information, Last Owner Transfer and Last Market Sale data.
Provided Property Data: most Property Ownership information is sufficient to obtain the current Property Owner name (individual(s) or business) and the mailing address. Location provides the full property address. Property Characteristics include year build, living area and various other fundamental property details. Site information provides the land use, lot area and site description. Last Owner Transfer provides data related exclusively to the last ownership transaction. Last Market Sale information contains the last sale and recording dates, as well as the sale price, seller name, Deed type and document numbers.
The following types of Document Images can be available for purchase from Basic Property Reports: last ownership transfer document and last market sale/mortgage documents.
Detailed Property Report is a complete and conventional Real Property Profile. This broad Property Profile contains comprehensive information extracted from Public Real Estate Records. It is comprised of the prevalent property data acquired from County Records and Tax Assessor's Offices, and is distinctly more inclusive than the Basic Property Report .
Title History Report, also referred to as Property Ownership History Report, consists of compiled segments of public real estate records that provide information on the subject of ownership transfers, sales, and mortgages recorded on a property. Ordinarily, it is comprised of the property data acquired from County Recorders and Tax Assessor's Offices, and mostly contains property history records that are not typically available in our conventional Basic or Detailed Property Reports .
Voluntary Liens Report, also referred to as Debt Report, consists of chosen liens placed on property with consent of or at the request of the property's owner, or as a result of a voluntary act by the owner of a property. This report contains current and historical information about the status of secured financial interests in a property, as well as entire information on secured financial interest that is created by agreement between a creditor and the borrower. In simple terms this type of property report consists of known current and historical debts that a property owner agreed to have recorded. In essence, when the borrower is agreeing to use the property as collateral to secure the loan, it places a voluntary lien on that property. Once recorded, it becomes publicly accessible information. Mortgages and trust deeds are best examples of voluntary liens. The most common type of a voluntary lien is the one created by a mortgage given for a home loan.
This specialized chronicle contains property information commonly extracted from several Public Property Records. It is comprised of the prevalent property data acquired from County Records and Tax Assessor's Offices, and is distinctly more comprehensive than our Title/ TransactionHistory Report . An existing Title History Report on a given property is in every respect comprises a part of a Voluntary Liens Report. We do not recommend obtaining a Title History Report if you decided to obtain or already have obtained a Voluntary Liens Report.
The logic behind the Voluntary Liens Report: to provide an instant online access on the history of financial transactions such as sales, mortgages, releases, assignments and foreclosures, as well as ownership records of a real property in the United States. This product is included in all of our Subscription Plans, and is offered either on its own and can be purchased independently, or sold as a supplemental purchase from already obtained property reports.
egal and Vesting Report is a compilation of segments of Real Estate records that provide information on the subject of Property Title Vesting, Property Legal Description, and Property Tax and Assessment data. Legal and Vesting is not a part of a conventional property profile; this property report is contents-specific and includes information not found in other property records, such as in our Basic , Detailed, Property History, and Voluntary Liens reports.
The logic behind the Legal and Vesting Report: to provide an instant online access to legal descriptions and vesting information on practically all supportable Real Estate properties in the United States; to immediately verify property ownership, identify all title holders and the manner in which a title of ownership is held, locate and identify a particular parcel, ensure the accuracy of mortgage recordings and property related taxes, and avoid potentially fraudulent Real Estate transactions. To file a non-consensual lien, such as performance of labor (a.k.a. Construction or Mechanics' Lien) against the property, one must have the Legal description of a property in order to enforce judicial claim. This product is included in all of our Subscription Plans and is offered either on its own and can be purchased independently, or can be a supplemental purchase from already obtained property reports.
An AVM is a computerized modeling system designed to simulate the traditional appraisal process and provide residential property valuations at a specific point in time by analyzing values of comparable properties. "AVM" is the acronym for Automated Valuation Model. AVMs formulas are mathematical and based upon numerous factors including data quality, real estate fundamentals and complexity of the underlying technology. AVM reports may have some of the same data found in traditional property reports, yet they are not considered to be as such and should not be generated for that purpose. AVMs, unlike most other real estate filings are not public record.
Numerous statistical methods have been applied to index estimation and property valuation in the United States. Selection of a particular methodology has depended largely on the available data, and as data quantity and quality have improved so have the estimates.
Released about 2 decades ago, Value Service has continued to progress as the superior automated valuation model (AVM) of choice. Our newly released next generation Value Service combines two independent valuation systems coupled with a continuous hi-tech testing process to deliver greater precision and hit rate. This latest model with its improved relevancy outperforms traditional single system models. The types of valuation methods contained in Value service include: hedonic, repeat sales indexes and a patented neural networks technology.
The hedonic method of property valuation recognizes that housing is a composite good, and defines value as a mathematical function of its characteristics. Hedonic methods can be applied to estimate the value of new or existing homes, and observations on value may be actual sales prices, listing prices, appraisal values, or even owners' estimates of housing values.
Repeat-sales methods use the observed sales prices of the same properties at different points in time to create a sample of price differentials that can be used to estimate the appreciation rates of houses.
Artificial neural networks attempt to emulate the process by which the human brain converts external stimuli (inputs) into specific responses (outputs) via neurons and synapses. When applied to property valuation, the inputs are the explanatory or independent variables, such as location and property characteristics, and the output is the dependent variable, in this case the property value. Valuations based on these systems can be used to supplement or is some situations entirely replace human appraisals.
Since our electronic AVM utilizes a combination of hedonic and repeat-sales house price indexes and neural networks to generate estimates of property value, the systems generated estimates are believed to have the smallest possible error. Based upon millions of observations of continuous rigorous testing, Value Service incorporates an extremely accurate neural scoring system that adapts to changing market conditions.
A construction permit, also called a building permit or a repair permit is a lawful formality required in most U.S. jurisdictions for new or expanded construction, or adding onto pre-existing structures, and in some cases for major renovations. Property owners who do any essential remodeling or adding other improvements to their real properties, such as decks, pools or retaining walls, almost always are required to apply for a building permit.
Unlike real estate property records, building permit report relates to an actual structure – in a way it reaches inside a structure.
In theory the safety of the occupants of buildings is the primary reason for having construction codes and zoning compliances. An argument is often made as to why one needs to pay for a permit to build or add onto something on person's own property? The compelling reason for requiring and insisting on building permits, even for jobs done by a licensed contractor, is that if a structure is substandard or the workmanship is subpar, it usually inconveniences neighbors and others in surrounding areas and could lead to serious problems. Building permits are one of the ways for a municipality to regulate construction to ensure that everything is safe and in compliance with local laws and regulations. Normally, the new construction must be inspected during the course of construction (not to be confused with 'Builders Risk' – a term used in insurance industry) and after completion to ensure compliance with national, regional, and local building codes. Failure to obtain a proper permit is punishable; it can result in hefty fines and penalties, and even demolition of unauthorized construction, if for whatever reason it cannot be made to meet codes. Property owners may need to create plans to submit to the local permitting authority, make a plot plan for their property showing the improvements, and describe the type of construction they will be using.


text:
Hong Kong students boycott classes as China warns 'end is coming'
Thousands of black-clad students rallied in central Hong Kong Monday at the start of a two-week university boycott, piling pressure on the city's leaders to resolve months of increasingly violent anti-government protests that show no sign of easing.
Students have been the backbone of opposition to government plans to allow extraditions to China, a movement that has morphed into wider protests against the Beijing-backed territory's unelected leadership.
Hundreds have been arrested in violent clashes with police, and an increasingly shrill Beijing has labelled protesters "terrorists", with an editorial by China's state news agency Sunday warning "the end is coming".
Chinese foreign ministry spokesman Geng Shuang said Monday the protests had "gone beyond the scope of freedom of assembly and demonstration".
AFP / Philip FONG Protesters stood at doorways of trains, stopping them from closing, at a series of stations on the underground system
"They have evolved into extreme acts of violence, seriously challenging the legal system and social order of Hong Kong," he told a press conference.
Hong Kong enjoys freedoms unseen on the Chinese mainland under the "one country, two systems" banner inherited following the handover from Britain in 1997, but locals fear those rights are being eroded.
On Monday, as universities reopened after the summer break, thousands of students skipped classes and gathered instead in central Hong Kong.
"Today is the first day of school, but I still want to come out," a 19-year-old university student named Tommy told AFP.
"I don't think we will miss anything. This is also a form of learning."
AFP / Lillian SUWANRUMPHA Protesters wearing masks of French President Emmanuel Macron, British Prime Minister Boris Johnson, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe at a rally at Tamar Park in Hong Kong
Earlier Monday, a call for a general strike went largely unheeded — but riot police patrolled some subway stations after protesters briefly disrupted services during rush hour by preventing train doors from closing.
Elsewhere, secondary pupils formed human chains at schools, and nurses carrying pro-democracy placards lined hospital corridors in flash protests to show support for the anti-government movement.
"Hong Kong is our home… we are the future of the city and have to take up responsibility to save it," said a 17-year-old secondary school student who gave her surname as Wong.
– Worst violence in decades –
One nurse suggested the protest is doomed because China will never allow the Hong Kong government to concede to protester demands.
AFP / Philip FONG Riot police patrolled some subway stations after protesters disrupted rush hour services
"But we still have to stand and say something. At least we have shown the world what is happening," she told AFP, requesting anonymity.
Over the weekend the city witnessed some of the worst civic violence in decades as protesters lobbed bricks and petrol bombs at police, who responded with tear gas, water cannon and baton charges.
On Sunday, at least a dozen flights were cancelled after protesters blocked routes to the airport.
A day earlier hardcore protesters rampaged through the city centre, setting fires and throwing petrol bombs at riot police in defiance of a ban on marching.
AFP / Anthony WALLACE Medical staff holding placards in support of anti-government protesters lined the corridors of several Hong Kong hospitals
Video footage captured by local media showed police charge and beat people cowering inside a train carriage, with Amnesty International calling their actions "horrifying".
The images have fortified anger against the police, who protesters accuse of brutality.
Hong Kong's security minister described protester violence as "on the verge of being out-of-control".
"I call on the general public to reject violence, keep our society in order and safeguard the rule of law," John Lee Ka-chiu told reporters.
Mak Chin-ho, an assistant commissioner of police, said 159 people had been arrested between Friday and Sunday, aged from 13 to 58.
AFP / Philip FONG The protesters want the city's leader and all its lawmakers to be directly elected, scrapping the current system that heavily favours Beijing-backed candidates
"All this pushes Hong Kong to the brink of great danger," he told a press briefing.
Embattled city leader Carrie Lam has done little to directly address the crisis, save offer to form a largely derided "platform for dialogue".
Her removal is one of the key demands made by protesters, who also want the extradition bill to be formally scrapped, and an independent inquiry into alleged police brutality.
The protesters want the city's leader and all its lawmakers to be directly elected, scrapping the current system that heavily favours Beijing-backed candidates.
Hong Kong's reputation as a stable place to do business has been shaken by the protests.
Visitor arrivals have plummeted, hotel vacancies have soared and retailers have reported huge losses.
'Racist white man' Donald Trump destroyed for making MLK Day about himself
David Badash, The New Civil Rights Movement
President Donald Trump supposedly was "preparing for Davos" on Monday but spent an extraordinary amount of time tweeting. It was bound to happen: he made Martin Luther King Day about himself.
Although King's actual birthday is January 15, the federal holiday falls on the third Monday in January of each year, which this year happens to be January 20, when America's presidents are sworn in to office every four years.
Trump couldn't resist.
Breaking down Harry and Meghan's bid for 'financial independence'
Following their newly-forged agreement with Queen Elizabeth II, Prince Harry and Meghan hope their departure from the royal family will give them "financial independence".
- What is their income? -
Harry and Meghan earned a small share of the Sovereign Grant, paid annually to Queen Elizabeth II to cover her and family members' official duties, as well as the upkeep of royal palaces.
The grant amounted to £82 million ($107 million, 96 million euros) for the 2018-2019 financial year.
Senators who vote for Trump's vindication are blessing such corruption in the future: columnist
In an op-ed published at The Washington Post this Monday, Michael Gerson argues that despite Donald Trump's election promises of rooting out corruption and fixing the 'broken' culture in Washington, he has instead called upon his party and followers to "normalize corruption and brokenness as essential features of our political order."
Using the example of the core foundation of Trump's upcoming impeachment trial, which is that he "used public funds as leverage to gain private, political benefits from a foreign government an impeachable abuse of presidential power," Gerson contends that Republicans' only means of defense against the charges is a "babbling incoherence in trying to avoid it."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Whether you're new to Sage or have been using it for years, we have two bespoke training options available to help you get the most from your software. You can choose from a one to one personalised remote training session or a Sage expert can visit your office to deliver 100% customised training. To find out more, give us a call on 1890 88 20 40, or leave your details and we'll get in touch.


Directory listings of christian art related sites, including painters, artists and contemporary fine art prints.
A non-profit ministry helping those in need through sales of a hidden panther photo called "Still Waters" and other original Christian art work.
Offers custom made Chinese scrolls with your favorite Bible verse as well as free inductive chapter by chapter Bible studies.
Art that is centered around our Lord Jesus Christ. Artists like Liz Lemon Swindle and others can be found here.
Caerphilly, Cardiff CF83 3DS U.K.
inspiring artwork painted during prayer, with various items for sale, including banners, posters, dvd's, prints.
Unique Christian art and artists from all over the world.
Creative artist resource to help you uncover your talents and fulfill your destiny as a Christian visual artist.
Discover inspirational fine arts and canvases by artist Ghenadie Sontu featuring realistic oil paintings portraying Christian and Biblical themes.
Affordable and unique Christian art that comforts and encourages. We feature quality note cards and bookmarks for gift giving, retreats, sympathy, etc.


text:
Het jaar 1252 is het 52e jaar in de 13e eeuw volgens de christelijke jaartelling.

Gebeurtenissen
maart
 9 - Graaf Arnold IV van Loon en Chiny verkoopt een woud gelegen tussen Genk, Zonhoven en Hasselt aan de vrouwenabdij van Herkenrode te Kuringen bij Hasselt.
mei
 15 - Paus Innocentius IV schrijft de bul Ad extirpanda: De inquisitie mag foltering toepassen als methode om bekentenissen af te dwingen van ketters.

juli
 23 - Privileges van 1252: Breda koopt privileges van heer Hendrik IV van Schoten. Dit wordt vaak gezien als de datum dat het stadsrechten krijgt.

zonder datum

 De stad Florence begint met het uitgeven van gouden florijnen.
 De Lijflandse Orde bouwt de Memelburg en sticht de stad Memel.
 Stadsrechten voor Hasselt en Vreden.
 Kluczbork en Villefranche-de-Rouergue worden gesticht.
 oudst bekende vermelding: Slonim

Opvolging
 patriarch van Antiochië (Syrisch) - Ignatius III David opgevolgd door Johannes XII bar Madani
 Armenië - Isabella opgevolgd door haar echtgenoot Hethum I
 Brunswijk-Lüneburg: Otto het Kind opgevolgd door zijn zoons Albrecht en Johan
 Castilië - Ferdinand III opgevolgd door zijn zoon Alfons X
 kanaat van Chagatai - Yesü Möngke opgevolgd door zijn neef Qara Hülëgü, op zijn beurt opgevolgd door zijn zoon Mubarak Shah
 Denemarken - Abel opgevolgd door zijn broer Christoffel I
 Duitse Orde - Günther van Wüllersleben opgevolgd door Poppo van Osterna
 Lohn - Herman I opgevolgd door zijn broer Otto, waarnemend voor Hermans zoon Herman II
 Venetië (doge) - Marino Morosini opgevolgd door Renier Zen
 Vladimir (grootvorst) - Andrej II opgevolgd door Alexander Nevski van Novgorod

Afbeeldingen

Geboren
 25 maart - Konradijn, koning van Sicilië en Jeruzalem (1254-1268)
 augustus - Hugo II, koning van Cyprus (1253-1267)
 Filippa van Luxemburg, echtgenote van Jan II van Avesnes
 Safi-ad-din Ardabili, stamvader van de Safawiden
 Stefan Dragutin, koning van Servië (1276-1282) (jaartal bij benadering)
 Jan I van Brabant, hertog van Brabant van 1267 tot 1294 en van Limburg van 1288 tot 1294.

Overleden
 27 november - Blanca van Castilië (64), echtgenote van Lodewijk VIII
 6 april - Peter van Verona (~45), Italiaans geestelijke
 17 mei - Hendrik I, graaf en vorst van Anhalt (1212-1244)
 30 mei - Ferdinand III (53), koning van Castilië (1217-1252)
 9 juni - Otto het Kind, hertog van Brunswijk-Lüneburg
 29 juni - Abel (~33), koning van Denemarken (1250-1252)
 Günther van Wüllersleben, grootmeester van de Duitse Orde
 Herman I, graaf van Lohn
 Sorghaghtani Beki, echtgenote van Tolui
 Yesü Möngke, kan van het kanaat van Chagatai (1246-1252)
 Qara Hülëgü, kan van het kanaat van Chagatai (1242-1246, 1252)
 Walter van Marvis, bisschop van Doornik
 Gijsbrecht III van Amstel, Nederlands edelman (jaartal bij benadering)
 Herman V van Woerden, Nederlands edelman (jaartal bij benadering)
 Isabella (~36), koningin van Armenië (1219-1252) (jaartal bij benadering)
 Rosa van Viterbo, Italiaans kloosterlinge (jaartal bij benadering)

Jaar

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The big game is next week. Don't hate me- I'm not a big pro football fan and I won't be watching the game. I could still get into a fun party with friends and great food, so here's 5 dips that would be fun to try out.
Hi Fonda! Thanks for linking up. That Apple Caramel Dip looks so darn delicious.


text:
ROBIN'S SHOW RECOMMENDATION: WHITE'S LIES
(photo credit: Ken Howard)
Some guys are scared stiff at the prospect of settling down, getting married, having kids, etc. Joe White is no exception. He's a divorce lawyer, representing one of his many ex-girlfriends and; above all else, he's a bachelor who wouldn't have it any other way. So, when his mother desperately wants him to start a family, he'll do the next best thing: make one up! What could go wrong?
At the risk of giving the plot away, let's just say...alot.
Fast-paced with snappy dialogue, White's Lies offers up a slick, rollicking, revolving door of relationships.
Two actors play a multitude of parts, and it's qiute amusing to see them weave in and out of a variety of over the top characters. The cast is appealing in general, and it was a particular treat to see Betty Buckley, though she unfortunately wasn't given the opportunity to sing. I''m also a fan of Peter Scolari, dating back to his "Bosom Buddies" days.
This frisky romp is entertaining, and if you are happily married, you'll be all the more grateful that you're not out there in the dating arena.
Producers are Aaron Grant, Jana Robbins, Jeremy Handelman, Craig Haffner & Karl E. Held.. The playwright is Ben Andron. Director is Bob Cline. It stars Betty Buckley, Tuc Watkins, Peter Scolari, Christy Carlson Romano, Andrea Grano, Jimmy Ray Bennett and Rena Strober.
TUC WATKINS currently appears on ABC's "Desperate Housewives" and is known for the role of "David Vickers"on ABC's "One Life to Live."
PETER SCOLARI is best known to TV audiences as Michael Harris, the bumbling TV producer on "Newhart" and as the co-star with Tom Hanks in "Bosom Buddies."
BETTY BUCKLEY has been called the "Voice of Broadway" ever since, her rendition of "Memory" in Andrew Lloyd Webber's Cats. She is well known to TV audiences for her role in "Eight is Enough" and to film goers as Carrie's gym teacher in Carrie.
CHRISTY CARLSON ROMANO began her career as one of the rising young stars of Disney. She has appeared on Broadway in Parade, Beauty & the Beast and Avenue Q. Her TV credits include Disney's "Even Stevens," "Cadet Kelly" and as the voice of Kim Possible in the series of the same name, for which she was nominated for an Emmy in 2004.
JIMMY RAY BENNETT is the creator of the "cult hit" The Nuclear Family.
ANDREA GRANO recently appeared on stage in the World Premiere of David Ives' The Other Woman & in the Los Angeles Premiere of Kate Robin's ANON. She has guest starred on "Brothers and Sisters," "October Road," "InJustice" and in a recurring role on "24." .
RENA STROBER most recently starred as Tzeitel in National Tour of Fiddler on the Roof, opposite Topol and Harvey Fierstein.
BEN ANDRON is a writer/producer of motion picture marketing at The Ant Farm, one of the largest motion picture advertising agencies in Los Angeles, where he was involved in the releases of Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince, Where the Wild Things Are, Star Trek, The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian, Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End, among others. Ben was also a producer of DVD Extra Content on numerous DVD's including "One Tree Hill" (Seasons 1-3), Point Break: Pure Adrenaline Edition, and Ben Hur: Collector's Edition. As a writer, Ben worked with Disney TV Animation developing an animated series he co-created for Jetix/ABC Family & wrote multiple episodes for the BBC animated series "Friends and Heroes." White's Lies marks his first venture into the legitimate theatre.
BOB CLINE had the pleasure of directing the reading of White's Lies at the Jerry Orbach Theatre in September. Most recently, he directed sold out productions of Cabaret and Bare, a Pop Opera, at Pace University, in Manhattan. He currently has regional productions of both Rent and Oliver up and running, while working on a brand new musical entitled Chick Soup, all directed for the Vital Theatre Company in New York, Medusa, Bright, Apple, Crush, and Kiss and Tell have been nominated and/or won the Sam French Festival. Other acclaimed productions include Crimes of the Heart; Violet; Songs for a New World; A Christmas Carol (all nominated, best director); and A New Brain (winner, best director); Other favorite productions include; Ragtime, The Sound of Music; Titanic; Nunsense; Sideshow; Showboat; Come Back to the Five and Dime Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean; The Full Monty; Into the Woods(4x's) ; To Kill A Mockingbird; A Year with Frog and Toad; Falsettos; Assassins; Little Shop of Horrors; Pippin; Godspell; and his favorite Das Barbecu.
SHOW DETAILS/TO PURCHASE TICKETS....
TIMES: Monday & Wednesday – Friday @ 8pm; Saturday @ 2pm & 8pm
Sunday @ 3pm & 7:30pm
THEATRE: New World Stages ~ 340 West 50th Street, NYC
WEBSITE: http://www.whitesliesonstage.com/
RESERVATIONS: (212) 239- 6200 (telecharge)
Labels: betty buckley, broadway, nyc, theatre, white's lies
posted by Robin Gorman Newman at 10:30 AM
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text:
Eco India (English) - Season 1
Genre: Nature • Environment | 25:51
Age Description: U/A 7+ PG
Cast: Sannuta Raghu
Scuba diving for ghost nets, how grass protects against landslides in Nepal, how sanitary pads can improve women's lives, and how World Cleanup Day became a worldwide movement.
Bengaluru lakes
Loating islands on Bengaluru's lakes, a cotton-like substance that can absorb oil, fighting violence against women, an 11-year-old climate activist from Germany and wild leopards in Mumbai.
Green Farming
Growing crops in greenhouses, indoor vertical farming in Germany and saving baby elephants in Assam. All this and more in the latest episode.
Zero waste management in Mysuru, a recycled plastic floating park in the Netherlands, innovative wooden stove technology, a matriarchal society in India and protecting coastlines with artificial seagrass.
Stray Dogs Of Mumbai
Mumbais street dogs, the wild boars of Berlin, paying the price for Indias appetite for coal, Malaysias campaign to save energy, and raising awareness of air pollution and climate change with masks.
Ecosystem 2
The woman building toilets for slums, Mumbai's tree man, curbing bear bile farming in Laos, using big data to predict changes in ecosystems, and innovative water wheels with handles.
Potholes in Mumbai
A man on a mission to fill potholes in Mumbai, how to recycle old wind turbines and vegan leather made from pineapples.
Recycling flowers
Recycling flowers offered in Indian temples, restoring moorlands and reviving a traditional handicraft.
How to get edible fish from dirty water, underwater gardening in the Mediterranean, a new air pollution forecasting tool, e-bike taxis and a female Indian comedian.
Snake Rescuer
The snake rescuer tackling the human-wildlife conflict, environment lessons in schools and sharing solar power in Bangladesh
Turning crop stubble into plates, luxury sustainable tourism and adding environmental matters to school curricula.
Bird surgeons Delhi
The self-taught bird surgeons of Delhi, plants from paper and pencils and Rajasthans sheep herders.
Trying to revive the dirtiest river in India, traditional wells may save Bengaluru and flamingos campaign for the environment in Ibiza, Spain.
Alternatives To Plastic
The impact of new alternatives to plastic, cleaner cities through digitization and empowerment for Indian women entrepreneurs.
Permaculture in India helps regions threatened by water scarcity, bread for the poor of Mumbai, a family experiment to reduce CO2, Germany's wood detectives, and new hope for Indian child brides.
Building community with Ultimate Frisbee in Chennai, a German classroom goes green, feeding thousands of kids in India's largest school kitchen and taking a German village off the grid.
From burning to composting: the potential of dried leaves for gardeners, clean and cost-effective: a German startup is making wind energy cheaper and hip-hop for change: youngsters in Mumbai uplift their community through hip-hop.
How to live happily without electricity for decades tide power for clean energy and financial independence empowering female artisans in Rajasthan.
On this weeks Eco India we celebrate Womens Day and bring you stories about villagers who plant trees to honor and defend the value of girls lives, a group of women organizing mangrove safaris and female role models from Germany and India.
We All Need To Eat
The world population is nearly eight billion and rising, and we all need to eat. Farmers have to make agricultural production more efficient and adapt to changing conditions while ensuring their livelihoods. Eco India showcases some pioneering projects.
How can we make buildings more sustainable? An Indian organization shows how to use regional building materials and, in Germany, a team of researchers studies how concrete house facades can generate energy.
Sustainability Special
This weeks show is a sustainability special, featuring the environmentally-friendly tradition of dyeing fabric, smartphones made from ethical and sustainable materials, and the transformation of barren land in Karnataka into lush green forest.
Water, The Basis Of Life
Water, the basis of life: how oyster farming can provide a sustainable livelihood and purify water bodies, how an environmentalist is restoring India's lakes and how the philosophy of Jugaad is spreading across France.
Training women as solar engineers, why spiders are important for the environment and supporting smallhold farmers in Indonesia.
Kharai Camels
This week we look at protecting the unique Kharai camels of Gujarat, how an Indian man is building hundreds of thousands of public toilets and an app developer who is making cities safer for women.
This week we look at waste and what to do with it. We show inspiring stories from India and Europe about people upcycling, recycling and reusing what others define as trash.
This time, we train the spotlight on changemakers, among them a marine conservationist saving Goas dolphins, a founder cleaning up the tanning industry and city planners who are turning a port into an eco-district.
Eco India meets people trying to make a difference: A woman who makes nutritious cookies with help from local farmers and rural women a developer of greenhouses for Indian farmers and Indians studying ecology in Germany.
This week we look at how food is produced sustainably in Berlin, why birds are important for the ecosystems in cities and hear from a pioneering architect in India .
Upcycling Design
This week with a focus on upcycling. A designer is ensuring that heirloom saris don't lose their essence, a German company is rescuing worn-out sneakers and a Greek city is pioneering the art of printing public seating.
Exploring the extraordinary impact otters have on their ecosystem. Also on the show: a Spanish response to climate change and an artist who transforms old jeans into high-end pieces of art.
Green energy - for mobility, heating and electricity. Renting electric scooters in Kolkata, tapping geothermal energy to heat a German town, and championing solar energy in the Philippines.
We visit farmers in India using solar power to water their fields, consider the transition to renewable energy, present an innovative method for cleaning up waste water, and demonstrate how to build your own windmill.
Delhi's Environment
How Delhi's residents are getting more involved with their environment, how mobile veterinarians are helping remote areas, and what solutions climate change requires in a game - and in reality.
Rajasthan Plants Trees
Village in Rajasthan which plants 111 trees every time a girl is born. Also: we see how eco-tourism can protect a forest from mining companies, and take a look at some sculptures made of leaves.
Track the path of a plastic spoon in the world showcase compostable organic film as an alternative to plastic film and we meet the women who hold the reins of power in Sumatra.
Rethinking Farming
The food we grow comes from the 2.5 billion farmers around the world who brave droughts and floods, depleting arable land, and unequal land distribution. Today, lets look at why the practice of farming - today, and of the future - needs a serious rethink.
Rising Sea Levels
In Mumbai extremely hot summers, and aggressive monsoons and the floods that accompany it - bring life to a halt on many occasions. But this coastal metropolis now has another massive problem to deal with - Rising Sea Levels. Climate change is making the already vulnerable city, more vulnerable.
We've often shown you stories of changemakers inspiring the people around them to be the change they want to see in the world. They've made a difference for the better - to the everyday lives of people, and to the environment. Today on Eco India, we'll dig deeper into how movements come together, and why big change occurs when the power is in the hands of the people
Every minute, we produce and process huge amounts of food - around the planet. And to make sure it reaches you - this produce is transported by ships and trucks from one part of the world to the other. But nearly a billion people go hungry every night. Food waste is one of the most important reasons for the hunger in the world.
The world's growing population uses more and more resources everyday - and our lifestyles are becoming costly for the environment we live in. What does it mean to live sustainably in such a scenario - does it mean living a life of lack? Well, it's actually the opposite.
Water is a basic human need - but with potable water depleting every day, it is also becoming a part of big business. Bottled water, chemical filters, water purifiers are a part of every jargon in many parts of the world. How can we take care of water better, and use it sustainably so that generations to come don't lose access to it?
Plastic is everywhere - in our water bottles, lunch boxes, in makeup tubes and our favourite sneakers. And all of it turns to garbage faster than you'd imagine. According to the latest numbers, 360 miliion tonnes of plastic was produced in 2018. That number is growing every year - and most of it is not recycled.
Forests are the lungs of the earth - we can't really afford to live life without healthy forests. But every year, 8.8 million hectares of forests are being destroyed - making way for every imaginable human activity - from palm oil plantations and soy fields, to roads, to amusement parks, to parking lots.
The world generates more than two billion tonnes of garbage annually. According to the World Bank, at least 33 of this is not managed in an environmentally-safe manner. And these growing piles of garbage not only pose a serious threat to the environment, but endanger human health worldwide.
Re-Use Plants
Plants. And how they can be reused to offset the effects of harmful materials on our
Half of the oxygen on earth is produced by trees. They use energy from sunlight to make glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
Living From The Sea
Our love for the fish on our plate, and other seafood - is causing great harm and an imbalance to the marine ecosystem worldwide. How can we preserve our oceans and, even our rivers so that they continue to remain a living space?
The forgotten power of traditional knowledge. Take traditional farming practices, for example - they promoted biodiversity and defied climate change for hundreds of years.
Vulnerable Coasts
Some of the most fragile ecosystems around the world are found where the ocean meets the land. And no matter how fast the world manages to curb its carbon emissions, sea-levels are going to rise - and 300 million people will be at risk of flooding by 2050.
Many discussions take place at different levels of the society to address exactly this - high level meetings and international climate conferences are held every year with representatives from most countries.
Early Climate Adapters
Life itself arose from water - It is where the essential building blocks were formed over millennia. It took thousands of years for aquatic animals and plants to make the transition onto land.
Man Made Oasis
A habitat in the middle of an unliveable place. Whether it is a green lush oasis in the desert or the idea of a human settlement on the cold, dry, red Mars. Humans always try to transform inhospitable lansdcapes into vivid places.
Sustainable Consumption can be the solution. But how does that work? We show you some examples.
Keep The Valuable
Nutrient rich soil, plentiful sun and water and many weeks or even months of careful work. A lot is needed to grow corn, rice.
Unspoilt world in the middle of the Amazon rainforest
Role In Women In Society
A special episode of Eco India to mark Womens Day March 8. Throughout history, the central role of women in society has ensured its stability, progress and long-term development of nations. But their own needs are not always met.
Wild animals and humans
Wild animals and humans: it can be a symbiotic relationship. But during the coronavirus pandemic weve also learned that being close to each other can be dangerous.
Forests rich with trees, large swamplands, and the expansive sea bed - are all, believe it or not, the biggest repositories of carbon dioxide on our planet.
Youth for Future
An increasing number of young people are trying to live in a more sustainable and environmentally friendly way.
Rrapid urbanization comes with serious challenges. The demand for jobs, food, housing or education facilities will increase significantly resulting in a growing need to optimise the use of available space in cities and to find eco-friendly construction options.
Change through Technology
In many societies, high-tech is replacing industrialization as a driver of change. Can it reverse the negative effects of modern living on our planet and help us to a more sustainable way of life? Change through technology, our focus this week.
Can economic progress happen in harmony with the environment? Perhaps they dont have to be enemies after all. This week Eco India looks at green solutions for progress.
Value of Environment
The pandemic has changed the world as we know it. Will we be more conscious about our environment and the way we use resources now?
Staying at home during the corona crisis has meant using less transport, less air pollution, less stress. But how can we make mobility green and sustainable once we are moving again?
Food is essential to life. Across the globe, people are seeking food security – by both looking to the past to see how our ancestors found the nourishment they needed and finding new solutions for the future.
Apps, virtual reality and the digital economy can bring people and nature back together. Eco India shows initiatives and solutions where technology has a green impact.
Money is what makes the world go round, or so they say. But it is also often behind the destruction of nature and the planets wildlife. What if we could change that? Eco India takes a look.
Climate change and other environmental issues – problems so huge, they almost seem impossible to fix ourselves. But there are things we can do individually to help protect the environment. Eco India explores.
Natural Homes
Our energy needs are shooting up everyday
Every day things
Even in our everyday lives, there are many ways we can support sustainability. On the latest edition of Eco India we explore how we can make small changes to our habits that have a big effect on the environment.
All living things need a refuge, where they're protected from the outside world. Refuges help humans cope with everyday life, and they also help increase biodiversity in the plant and animal kingdoms. Safe havens - the topic of this week's episode.
Education helps connect us to the world around us and better understand the way it works. This weeks Eco India looks at how education can help us keep moving to a greener future
Textile production
Textile production impacts the environment in many ways – whether its the vast amount of water used to grow cotton, or the chemical pesticides used to protect plants. So how can the textile industry become more sustainable?
The motto of this weeks Eco India is new beginnings: new ways of taking care of livestock and earning money with cow dung a restricted military area bursting with new life, and rescued elephants given a second chance.
The motto of this weeks Eco India is good conscience: how we pursue sustainable living as a conscious decision by using solar energy or celebrating in an eco-friendly manner. Also. looking after orangutans in a jungle school.
What a waste
Waste is everywhere in our world. Plastic bottles end up in landfills or in our oceans and can take hundreds of years to decompose. How can we change this? What are the alternatives and solutions to this huge problem?
Self - Reliance
The motto of this weeks Eco India is good conscience: how we pursue sustainable living as a conscious decision by using solar energy or celebrating in an eco-friendly manner. Also looking after orangutans in a jungle school.
Swaraj is a traditional Indian philosophy of responsible self-governance and collective decision-making. Eco-Swaraj is a new environmental movement based on these principles. It encourages people to live more socially and sustainably.
All over the world, women continue to fight for gender equality - and also for climate justice. Women are more impacted by climate change and so there is a greater connection to the environment. We meet the women fighting the good fight.
Burning fossil fuels generates carbon dioxide and the other heat trapping gases causing the climate crisis. So why do we continue to do it? One answer is: energy. But there are innovations that provide an alternative.
There are about 7.8 billion people on Earth, and they all need food. But food production is responsible for many environmental problems. How can we feed the world in a sustainable way?
Human behaviour in our industrialized world often causes a lot of noise, garbage and other kinds of pollution. But what can we do to avoid pollution and its negative effects on environment and on ourselves?
Global hunger for energy is increasing with every passing year. Unless we make the switch to renewables, we will soon end up in climate disaster. But renewable energy also comes at a cost. This week, we take a more critical look at this alternative.
For many women worldwide, climate change and environmental destruction are very real, and often threaten their livelihoods. Which paths are they taking to protect the climate and have sustainable and successful lives?
A fast, fuel-guzzling car, a trendy new outfit every few weeks – not long ago, those were a primary aims for many of us. But things are changing. Now, we want e-cars and sustainable clothing. Were changing our lifestyle. So, is it for the better?
Recycling, riding a bike instead of driving, protesting for change - despite all our efforts to help the environment, sometimes it feels like were fighting an uphill battle. But small, individual actions can make a difference. We meet people working against all odds to make a change
Balance of Nature and Human Impact
Balance of Nature and Human Impact Our ecosystem hangs in a fragile balance. When a species is gone, or the climate has changed, or a landscape is destroyed it will always have consequences for all of us. We need the right balance between human beings and everything else. Can humans balance their needs with those of the environment?
Eco India - The Environment Magazine Trees provide essential services - shade, food, habitats - and they are the lungs of the Earth. But they are disappearing at an alarming rate. There are people trying to save them. We meet these tree guardians in this weeks Eco India.Every tree counts in Delhi Scroll, neu Its not uncommon for trees to simply disappear in Delhi. Activists, there, are turning to censuses in a bid to save them. They provide a map of the trees and proof of their existence. Mining Europes lithium Nicole Ris, neu Mining Europes second biggest lithium deposit would give the entire continent the ability to power its own e-cars and other electronic devices. But the Span
Environmental justice : Clean air and water, a healthy ecosystem - we all have a natural right to access these resources. But for many, its a distant dream. Is that fair? How can we ensure environmental justice is served to those who most need it?
In this edition of Eco India we show some examples of the circular economy concept: producing with recycled resources and reusing products so we can finally reduce waste to a minimum and protect the environment. Sustainable fashion in Delhi Scroll, neu An entrepreneur in Delhi is giving the traditional handloom industry a new lease of life, by upcycling textile fabric waste into yarn for making new garments. A sustainable solution that also provides employment for traditional weavers. Explainer: Circular economy Aditi Rajagopal, neu What does circular economy really mean? Conceptually, it's about making sure that what we have and create causes the least possible harm to the environment, to our society and our businesses, while wasting as few resources as possible. From fast fashion to a circular model Wiederholung Global 10.05.21 Fast fashion has made buying clothes cheaper and easier. Its terrible for the environment because a lot of garments end up in the trash. But businesses are looking for ways to move towards a circular model in fashion. Making paper out of Rhino dung Wiederholung Scroll 15.01.21 An organization in the Indian state of Assam is implementing the circular economy in a unique way: by making paper from Rhino dung. And this project has also eased the human-wildlife coexistence in that region. Circular economy concept of Amsterdam Wiederholung Global 24.08.20 The city of Amsterdam has ambitious plans to switch to a circular economy by 2050. Waste and was
Food and Future
Food is the fuel of our existence. But the industrial production we use to get food has a severely negative impact on the environment. How can we change course so that future generations dont go hungry? Find out in this weeks Eco India. Food nurseries help Indian women out of poverty Scroll, Neu Guava, lemon, coconut, mango - growing these fruits could help rural women in West Bengal find a way out of poverty. An organization is giving them a helping hand, empowering women to set up their own nurseries. Explainer: Saving the worlds seeds Cornelia Boorrmann, Global 3000, Wdh 30.04.2021 Its risky to rely on a few varieties of crops. Climate change and disease pose threats that could one day wipe out any. Seed banks preserve as many strains of crop plants as they can. Some older strains are more resilient than current ones. Can we feed our population without chemical pesticides? Aditi Rajagopal, Planet A Pesticides have been instrumental in feeding growing populations throughout history. But critics say they have also brought about poor health and the decimation of biodiversity. So can we do without them? Keeping Indias traditional spices on the menu Scroll, Wdh. 31.12.2020 The globalized food industry has led to a shift away from traditional spices and greens. Few farmers now cultivate them. Through the revival project Sarjapura Curries, farmers and urban gardeners are learning to grow their own spices again.
Communities in distress
Where you find water, trees, minerals, you often find people. Some communities have more access - and this can be a boon and a curse. We meet the communities most impacted by our increasing hunger for natural resources. The true costs of coal mining in India Aditi Rajagopal, Planet A Mining coal is detrimental to the environment. But while policymakers and activists debate the development versus environment protection, communities who live close to mines face some devastating consequences. Explainer: The history of coal Ajit Niranjan, Planet A Growth in the West was largely powered by coal. But if we want to avoid the worst impacts of climate change, we have to ditch fossil fuels. Asia is now the biggest consumer of coal — how can it quit its new addiction? Bringing communities together with radio in India Scroll, Neu Uttarakhand is a state prone to catastrophic flooding and forest fires. Its hard for communities. But Kumaon Vani radio station connects people, helping them tackle environmental problems in the region.
Your Daily Water
Water is fundamental to life. Despite this basic need, almost half of the worlds population experience water shortages or drought. We look at ideas to use water sustainably. Restoring ancient water tanks to deal with drought Scroll, Neu Water tanks have historically been a way to deal with water shortages in parts of Indias Tamil Nadu state. But rapid urbanization has destroyed some. An organization is working with residents to restore and maintain the ancient tanks. Solving our plastic bottle problem Aditi Rajagopal, Planet A Around the world, approximately one million plastic bottles are bought every minute. Disposing of them is one of the biggest environmental challenges humans face. But has Germany found a sustainable solution? Caring for Berlins city trees Julia Henrichmann, Wdhl. 27.11.2020 City trees lower temperatures and improve air quality. But climate change poses a threat to them. A project at Berlins CityLab has created a website showing residents which trees need water so they can help. From toilet to tap Scroll, Wdhl. 18.10.2019 Fresh, clean water from the tap is far from the norm in many countries. In India, many residents rely on water tanks for their daily needs. A company in Delhi is converting sewage water into drinking water. But barriers to acceptance are high
Fighting for the human right to water
Nothing on our planet can survive without water. Yet in most parts of the world, it's scarce. The global water crisis is threatening millions of people and their livelihoods. But there are ways to combat water scarcity.
The Indian women waging a war on waste
The world produces 2 billion tons of garbage every year. Almost half is disposed of unsustainably. Fed up with mismanaged waste, people in India are taking the fight against trash into their own hands.
Fighting climate change and improving people's lives with renewable energy
Whether it's from the sun in the sky or the waste on our land, energy generated from renewable sources is already shaping the sustainable energy systems of tomorrow. On this edition of Eco India, we explore some game-changing technologies.
Can nature help us to cope with the problem of plastic waste?
A simple plastic bag is used for only 15 minutes on average - but it can last in a waste pile without decomposing for over a millennium. Think about that. Our world produces 300 million tonnes of plastic every year - and it's found everywhere - in cities, in towns and in villages. It pollutes our land and our oceans. What can we do to eradicate our dependence on plastic?
How to feed the world without wrecking the environment
We are nearly 8 billion people here on earth. And we all need food - grains, vegetables, fruits and meat. But most of the food we cultivate and most of the meat we eat creates a huge imbalance in our environment. Is environmentally friendly food for all a distant dream? Are food substitutes sustainable and safe? Can humans unlearn old food habits to adopt new ones which could help our planet thrive?
Endangered landscapes
Climate change is threatening many fragile ecosystems around the world. From international scientists to local NGOs, we meet people working to save precious resources and protect our endangered landscapes.
The value of ecosystems
Food, water, climate regulation and flood management: The ecosystems that span our planet offer a wealth of services that sustain and support us. But human activity is undermining their ability to provide those benefits. On this edition of Eco India, we discover how preserving and restoring our natural lands can help us mitigate the impacts of climate change.
An animal's world
Biodiversity is a key element keeping the Earths entire ecosystem in balance. Its essential to preserve the habitats of rare and threatened species and enable humans and animals to coexist.
Protecting Nature From Traditional To Technological
For millennia, people preserved the ecosystems that sustained them. Today, ancient practices are key to conserving our natural resources, but science too offers exciting innovations to promote environmental protection.
How innovative and ancient solutions can help cities
Cities are home to more than half of the people living on our planet today. These urban centers face a host of pressures: from the demands on infrastructure by growing populations, to the risks of climate change. On this episode of Eco India, we discover solutions to enhance the quality of life in our changing cities.
Innovative businesses, technology and courage can help billions of hungry
Everyone should have access to adequate amounts of healthy, affordable food. But more than 800 million people go to bed hungry each night and 2 billion are malnourished worldwide. How can we achieve food security for all?
Humans have done immense harm to natural ecosystems
The Earth's vital natural ecosystems are under threat. Urbanization and agricultural expansion is largely to blame, as is human-made climate change. But sometimes we're given a second chance to restore what we've destroyed.
Wildfires - consequences of a warming world
Natural drought cycles and human activity have led to a rise in massive wildfires in recent years. Forest fires in Siberia, the US and Canada, and the Mediterranean are also caused by climate change. We look for solutions.
Finding sustainable solutions by looking to nature
Rediscovering what our ancestors already knew. When looking for sustainable and eco-friendly solutions, we often find that there are perfect solutions in nature. They are part of natures gift.
A race is on to save endangered species
Our planet sustains life thanks to a delicate balance of nature maintained by all living organisms. But human activity is pushing many species to the brink of extinction. Scientists and volunteers are racing to halt the trend.
Marginalized communities and their efforts to conserve biodiversity
By safeguarding their ancestral lands for centuries, indignous peoples have protected our planets biodiversity. Often marginalized, these communities play a key role in caring for the Earth and its diminishing resources.
Climate Change: What's at stake?
Floods, droughts and extreme weather events are not new to the world – but climate change has increased their frequency and intensity. Scientists warn that the window to avoid a climate catastrophe is closing. There's a lot at stake for countries around the world – including India
Losing your home to climate change
Housing is one of the most basic human needs, and a fundamental human right. But more and more homes are under threat from global warming. How can lives and structures be protected from the impacts of climate change?
Farming and climate change
Farmers everywhere face increasingly volatile weather, making it harder for them to produce the food we eat. Some have found traditional or experimental methods can help them withstand the pressures of climate change.
Promoting gender equality to strengthen climate action
Women bear a disproportionate burden of the climate crisis. Gender inequalities are largely to blame. We meet women tackling both the root causes and the effects of the crisis.
Building the sustainable cities of the future
75 of the worlds population will live in cities by 2050. But that isnt a guarantee of survival for all existing cities. The more attractive, sustainable and environmentally friendly they are, the better their chances for prosperity. What needs to be done today to ensure that cities of the future are environmentally sustainable?
Ecology vs Economy
Our earth is bountiful: her forests, soil and seas provide us with food and the natural capital our economies are built on. But ever-increasing production, consumption and the relentless use of resources are fueling our biggest environmental problems. How can we balance the needs of society, our economy, and ecology?
Re-think mobility!
Were always on the move - usually by car. But cars clog public space, emit greenhouse gases and cause noise pollution. On Eco India today, we explore alternative mobility concepts that could steer us toward more sustainable transport.
Ways to combat the plastic pollution plague
The UN is calling plastic pollution an 'epidemic' and there's no question that it's impacting our health and ecosystems. While nations seek a global cure, there are people already implementing remedies of their own.
Synching back with nature
The challenges of climate change seem to be having an ever more urgent impact on this planet and us humans. How can we tackle this by changing our behavior and our consumption? Synching back with nature is how we could solve this. That's the topic of this episode of Eco India.
Nature vs Plastic
Plastic waste is everywhere, not only in landfills. It is also found in remote areas, and in oceans. But are there natural substitutes? Can nature help us to get rid of plastic waste? Our topic on this edition of Eco India.
Urban Chances and Challenges
Urban migration is speeding up as people seek jobs and opportunities in our ever-growing cities. The challenges in making these urban centers sustainable continue to mount. So what can we do to make life in cities better for everyone?
Eco India (Hindi)
We all read about Climate Change and applaud when environmental activists make speeches. But how is this situation affecting India? Eco India brings the ground reality of Climate Changes impact in our country - from drought-stricken villages in Maharashtras Beed to the pollution of Yamuna. Watch people affected in these regions as well as leading environmental scientists, engineers entrepreneurs who are working towards environment and conservation in this series.
Eco India (English)


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Things That Work
Can optical illusions trick drivers into slowing down?
By Matt Rocheleau Globe Staff,November 9, 2017, 2:02 a.m.
In West Vancouver Canada, a nonprofit installed a 3-D decal on a road near a school to raise awareness about drivers speeding through school zones.The Community Against Preventable Injuries
Here's a creative way to get speeding drivers to slow down: Deceive them and then scare the heck out of them.
A handful of cities around the world have painted optical illusions on roadways — think raised beams and even images of children — that appear, at first glance, to be blocking motorists' paths.
The idea is to get lead-footed drivers to put on the brakes. After all, if you think you're going to hit a steel beam or a little girl chasing her ball, you're going to slow down.
Popular from New Delhi to a tiny town in Iceland, the most prevalent of these illusions are the striped lines made to look like they're three dimensional blocks floating in the middle of the road. Similarly, in London, officials have painted what look like speed bumps, even though the road is flat.
And, in Canada, a 3-D image known as "Pavement Patty" that depicts a girl chasing a ball into the street was temporarily painted on a road near a school to raise awareness about cautious driving.
But could these cartoonish images improve roadway safety in Boston? Local officials are intrigued.
Officials in the other countries say the markings have contributed to better driving. And while they can add an element of surprise, officials in other locations said they haven't seen any reports of drivers stopping so quickly that they've caused an accident.
In New Delhi, India, 3-D crosswalks have gotten drivers to slow down and pay better attention.Yogesh Saini / Delhi Street Art
Initial measurements by the city's traffic police found speeds dropped by 15 percent in the areas where 3-D crosswalks were installed last year, according to Yogesh Saini, founder of Delhi Street Art, which painted the crosswalks on the municipal council's behalf.
"As people got accustomed to seeing them, the speeds appear to have crept up some," Saini added in an e-mail.
Even so, he said, there are clear benefits.
"They surely created an awareness in the public," a reminder to drive safely, he said. And, drivers are more likely to notice pedestrians because "they appear to be walking on floating concrete blocks."
Saini said there are now nearly 20 such crosswalks across New Delhi.
But he acknowledged there's a potential downside — a problem that has occurred elsewhere, too.
"Pedestrians started using the crossings to take selfies when there was no traffic," he said, though "this trend now appears to have tapered off."
Ísafjörður, Iceland
The scenic town of Ísafjörður, Iceland recently installed a 3-D crosswalk on a centrally-located street.Ralf Trylla / Town of Ísafjörður, Iceland
In this small, scenic town, a recently installed 3-D crosswalk on a centrally located street certainly got people talking.
Officials said they don't have statistical proof, but believe it is has caused drivers to slow down, just as it did in a major city halfway across the world.
"We feel like it did," said an e-mail from Gautur Ívar Halldórsson, managing director of Vegamálun GÍH, the company that installed the Iceland crosswalk.
The 3-D crosswalk costs only a bit more than a standard one and officials there plan to install more, using different colors and effects.
But as in New Delhi, the effect may be waning.
"For sure drivers are getting used to it and (probably) don't pay too much attention to that crossing in the long run," Ralf Trylla, the town's environmental officer, wrote in an e-mail.
Even so, "when they drive over it, they always get reminded that there is something different than just a normal crossing," said Trylla.
In London, officials have painted what look to drivers like speed bumps, even though the road is flat.Transport for London
A series of markings that look like speed bumps — officials call them "2-D road cushions" — were first tested in late 2014.
The trial period showed "average speeds reduced by 3 m.p.h. nine months after installation," said Danny Keillor, a spokesman for Transport for London, which oversees the area's transportation network.
Encouraged by those results, the agency expanded the effort. There are now 45 road cushions installed across roads it manages around London, he said.
"Even if some drivers become accustomed to 2-D road cushions, if one driver slows for the 2-D cushions, they will help slow all traffic behind them," Keillor said.
West Vancouver, Canada
A different angle than the photo at the top of this story, this shows how the 3-D effect of the decal painted in West Vancouver, Canada — like the markings used in other cities — was only visible to approaching drivers at certain distances.The Community Against Preventable Injuries
In Western Canada, officials took the optical illusion even further when a nonprofit called The Community Against Preventable Injuries installed a 3-D decal on a road near a school to raise awareness about speeding in school zones.
The decal, called "Pavement Patty," looked like a girl was in the street chasing a ball. It was installed temporarily during the 2010 back-to-school season, said Jennifer Smith, the organization's senior program manager.
Because it was a short-term initiative, the nonprofit didn't try to measure whether drivers slowed, Smith said.
The goal "was to highlight the issue in a novel way, and generate public conversation," she said via e-mail. "The idea behind this installation, and all of Preventable's work, is to get people's attention and get them thinking about their behavior."
Smith said the decal was "highly successful in generating conversation in the community, the local media, and garnering attention worldwide. Although this installation was done in 2010, Preventable still receives questions about the decal to this day."
She said the public's response was "overwhelmingly positive.''
"Some people expressed concern that the decal would startle or distract drivers, potentially increasing the risk of a crash," she added.
But, as with the crosswalk illusions elsewhere, no collisions occurred, she said.
So could these illusions work here?
Officials from several national transportation safety organizations said they were not aware of any currently in use in this country. And some experts expressed skepticism, saying the concepts at least require further study.
At least one, albeit limited, study has been done in the United States. A 2012 study by a Western Michigan University graduate student looked at the effects of adding lightning bolt-shaped, 3-D markings just ahead of a pair of crosswalks in Chicago. It found the markings initially caused drivers to yield more often, but the effects wore off soon after.
In the United States, experts said such markings violate existing national roadway standards governed by the Federal Highway Administration. But the agency can grant approval for such ideas to be tested and approved.
Federal highway agency officials said they were aware of the use of such road markings in other countries but were not aware of any proven benefits compared to standard markings.
But others, including Boston's transportation head, said the ideas seem promising.
"They are all really terrific elements in terms of roadway design," said Boston Transportation Department Commissioner Gina Fiandaca. "We're really intrigued, and communities really welcome these innovative designs."
Fiandaca said city officials will review the markings more, and are open to asking the federal highway agency for permission to test them in Boston.
Matt Rocheleau can be reached at matthew.rocheleau@
globe.com. Follow him on Twitter @mrochele.


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