text:
Q: react redux how to delete object from state array I have a state array that I want to delete an object from. For example, I have:
[
 {
  name:'bench',
  weight: 200
 },
{
  name:'squat',
  weight: 300
 },
]

I want to give the user the option to delete an exercise if they wanted to, but I can't figure out how.
Here is my reducer:
const initialState = [];

const movementReducer = (state = initialState, action) => {
    switch (action.type) {
        case ADD_MOVEMENT:
            return [
                ...state, action.payload
            ];
        case UPDATE_MOVEMENT:
            return [
                ...state.map(item => item.movementName === action.payload.movementName ? action.payload : item  )
            ];
        case DELETE_MOVEMENT:
            return [
                state.filter(item => item.movementName === action.payload.movementName ? "true" : "false"  )
            ];
        default:
            return state;
    }
};

export default movementReducer;

With the code I have now, I get nothing returned on the page, but I can still see my state in my redux devtools, meaning it's still there. Any help?

A: In you're filter you're returning "true" or "false" from your comparison, but both those values are truthy: e.g. Boolean("false") === true.
Change your movement reducer to look like:
const movementReducer = (state = initialState, action) => {
    switch (action.type) {
        case ADD_MOVEMENT:
            return [
                ...state, action.payload
            ];
        case UPDATE_MOVEMENT:
            return [
                ...state.map(item => item.movementName === action.payload.movementName ? action.payload : item  )
            ];
        case DELETE_MOVEMENT:
            return [
                ...state.filter(item => item.movementName === action.payload.movementName)
            ];
        default:
            return state;
    }
};

I simplified the filter function as having a ternary was redundant.
As a note, this function is comparing the movementName prop as that's what the original code had, but the code example you provided for those items used name as the prop. I am not sure which one is correct but be sure they match


Relationships have been a key part of business since the beginning of time. Lobbyists need the attention of their politicians. Public relations professionals need the interest of reporters and editors. And similarly, media sellers need the time and interest of media planners if they are ever to be recommended on a media plan and win a piece of a client's budget.
We would never question that a media seller would give time, thought and energy to connect with his or her prospect. Sellers work hard to book an appointment and gain face time with their potential media planner/buyer, which often means learning what they can about the client, agency and buyer before even reaching out for the first time. But, why is there so much focus on the benefit to the seller? What about the benefit to the buyer, who is acting as the agent for their client? Aren't there benefits to good relationships for ALL parties involved in a transaction? Twenty-five years in the media business has proven to me that the answer is a resounding YES!
Most buyers expect quick (immediate) responses from sellers, usually because of pressure being put on them by a client, account manager, or deadline. In some cases, those buyers are the same people who ignore rep communication, without respect to the pressures they may be under. Even if it is a short, canned answer, a quick email of acknowledgement goes a long way. I'm still amazed at the sound of shock and surprise, and usually the gratitude, expressed by sales reps at the simple act of a media person returning an email or phone call these days! It really shouldn't be so novel.
Many media sellers have been media buyers. Many media buyers have been media sellers, be it TV, radio, print, outdoor/billboard, or digital sales. Just because you happen to be the one holding the client's budget does not mean you are not entitled to be rude, condescending or otherwise unpleasant towards sellers. "Media Queen" is generally not a complimentary term.
Being respectful also includes patient listening. You don't know what you don't know, so be a good listener and think creatively about how you can use what the seller is offering to do better work for your clients. If you are rushing a seller or looking at your phone as someone is trying to explain something, you aren't truly listening. This one can be challenging, as many media planners have a default attitude that can be somewhat negative, as they have so many options being presented to them every day, and their job is to scrutinize both the strengths and the shortcomings of any given product.
Taking a quick moment to let someone who worked hard on a proposal for you know if you can't use them, and why.
You will spend far longer fielding multiple, drawn-out email conversations where it can take many hours to reach a conclusion, than you would just having a real-time conversation with one person. Make one call, have one conversation and move on.
Most importantly, if there's even suspicion that an email you've received might have come from an annoyed, unhappy or offended sender, a phone call can rapidly diffuse a situation. If for no other reason, it proves you cared enough to take the time to address the situation. There are many reasons to pick up the phone, but diffusing confusion and frustration might be the best one.
Get out from behind your screens!
Nothing helps you get to know a person better and faster than face-time. Tone of voice, body language and facial expressions communicate far more than words often do, and eye contact makes a connection that surpasses any email or phone call, and is not as easily forgotten.
She pleaded on my behalf to her manager, and ended up honoring the lower rate. Do you think that if she was a salesperson who I didn't spend the previous two years building a respectful relationship with, would have taken the necessary time and decreased commission to fight for my cause? I think not.
Technology has changed how business is done, and even the act of buying advertising can be done through digital platforms with things like programmatic buying.
We are in a unique business. Is there another industry outside of media sales where hugging after a first meeting is common, and where personal and professional networks are so interrelated? We are a unique group. If you're a media professional and are not developing meaningful relationships with your media partners, you're not doing your job as well as you could be. Part of the value media planners and buyers bring to clients is the time spent learning about new offerings from media partners, and developing those relationships by managing communication and staying abreast of opportunities. As a media planner or buyer, you become an extension of the clients themselves. Act as if your client is monitoring your every communication, and then you'll know you're doing great work. Finally, who wouldn't agree that it sure makes things more pleasant when you get to work with people where the respect is mutual? Now, go book lunch with someone! You might even get a hug!
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text:
En stridshammer er et håndvåben, der har været i brug indtil middelalderens slutning. Våbnet er udformet som en hammer, dog med nakken af hammerhovedet spidset til, således at al slagets kraft kan koncentreres i et punkt.

Det moderne håndværktøj kaldet en lægtehammer giver en god ide om en stridshammers udformning.

Stridshammeren er eminent til at gennembryde brynjer og pladerustninger og var i middelalderen forbudt i visse lande, idet det ansås for værende for farligt at møde en modstander bevæbnet på denne måde.
Stridshammeren har ofte et forholdsvis langt skaft.
Stridshammeren har en pendant i den nordiske mytologi, hvor Thor svinger hammeren Mjølner.

Eksterne henvisninger

 Stridshammer i Ordbog over det Danske Sprog

Håndvåben
Hammere

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Learning how to increase your vocal range can be a confusing task – with all the contradictory advice out there, and gurus trying to sell you expensive courses and spruiking basic singing techniques as the 'secret' to great singing, it's hard to know where, and how, to start. This tutorial will show you how to increase your vocal range without all that unnecessary fluff and marketing, by detailing EXACTLY which techniques you need to know so you can learn how to increase your vocal range.
Since 2010, Bohemian Vocal Studio has grown into the premier voice studio for professional singing lessons and vocal coaching online – helping budding singers reach their singing goals faster and more efficiently through the most practical singing techniques and professional advice in the world.
Lets get started learning how to increase your vocal range!
With these three simple steps, you can build the highest vocal range imaginable without straining or pushing. Make sure you've set up a healthy foundation first by using our complimentary short courses and the free tutorials available in the troubleshooting guide to your right so that your voice is ready and prepared for these three powerful singing technique that will expand vocal range and build a POWERFUL vocal range.
As you can see, your middle voice isn't a disconnected register that occurs after your chest voice and before your head voice, it is in essence a combination of these two main registers. Develop your mix coordination, and then you can move on to number three in this list of simple steps to expand vocal range.
As you ascend in range and start to access your mix coordination, it's important that you learn how to alter the width of your vocal tract to accommodate subtle changes in the size and shape of your resonators. A basic way of achieving tuned resonance is to modify your vowel, in simple terms – by making subtle changes to the sound of your vowels so that they resonate in the most efficient way. A great way to wrap your mind around the concept of vowel modification is to start with the AH vowel and develop the subtle changes required for correct resonance production.
Now, the AH vowel isn't a pronunciation, or a speech vowel – it is in fact a tongue shape, combined with a specific vocal tract width (stay with me!). To sing an AH vowel in the correct manner, first you need to CLOSE your soft palate, shape your tongue low and concave – similar to a yawn without actually yawning, and let the vowel resonate rather than trying to manipulate your resonance into a vowel by using your articulators. Now, you'll notice that this vowel is tough to sing when you get to your first vocal break, and likely 'flips' up into a weak sound, or requires you to PUSH to hit the pitch – instead of allowing either of these things to happen, you simply need to alter the character of your vowel in the throat to a subtle "OH/AWE" instead. Can you feel how this allows you to reach the next resonance chamber in your range? Congratulations, you just tuned your resonance by modifying your vowel.
Vowel Modification is but one of the ways to tune your resonance as you ascend in range, make sure your voice coach is showing you HOW and WHY vowel modification works so you're not just following blind instructions. Modifying your vowel in a controlled way requires control over the soft palate and tongue root and your vocal mechanism as a whole for it to function correctly – don't just mangle your vowel sound hoping for the best.
This last point is incredibly important to understand, and is the basis of your appoggio singing technique. By raising your sternum in this manner without breathing in at the same time, you'll notice that your ribs widen, and your stomach contracts, allowing you to breathe solely by extending the diaphragm while your ribs and chest actually stay stationary.
As you ascend in range, you simply need to allow this posture setup to remain so that extension of your diaphragm can continue as you sing higher, allowing better moderation between air flow and air pressure, while allowing you to compress your air for faster and more efficient vibration of your vocal chords – after all, a high note is simply a FAST vibration of your vocal chords.
Using these free voice training exercises, you will be able to develop middle voice, resonance tuning and Appoggio singing technique and learn how to increase your vocal range with ease – singing high doesn't have to be difficult, but it does need to be deliberate and controlled.
Lip trills, or lip bubbles as they're often called – have two functions in your singing voice. The first is simply to moderate airflow so that you're not blowing air out when you sing, and the second is to release your registers, an important part of any good training regime. By releasing your registers with a lip trill, you are inadvertently building coordination between your chest and head voice musculature, and this will allow you over time to develop your middle voice. Lip Trills are an exceptionally useful and powerful learning tool.
Singing with placement requires you to remove any excess frequencies when you sing – I personally prefer an "N" sound for this one, but as I often say, a singing exercises is only as good as the intention behind it, so make sure you're aiming for placement by limiting any unnecessary frequencies instead of simply trying to sing nasal or create a big sound.
As we discovered earlier in this tutorial, shaping your vowels is incredibly important for singing well, and each vowel has it's own unique shape and corresponding tract width – by practising the shapes of each of your vowels when you are warming up and practising exercises, you ensure that you're building healthy vowel habits from the very start.
Using these three free voice training exercises, you will set up a powerful foundation for your voice that allows you to build an impressive and extensive vocal range on top using Appoggio singing technique, Middle Voice and Resonance Tuning. By practising lip trills for air moderation and register release, along with shaping your vowels and developing placement – you will coordinate the different elements of your voice easier and more efficiently than any other approach out there.
When you're ready to take your singing voice to the next level and extend vocal range with professional voice training, you can book a Skype session and get started today!
If you have any questions about extending your range, feel free to leave any queries or feedback below!
Cheers Vicki! Let me know when you're ready to get back to work on your voice and take it to the next level!
Awesome tips. Love the video and this site. You are extremely skilled and knowledgeable. Rock on!
Cheers Dave! Hope it's going well – let me know if you have any questions about your voice.
Very informative tutorial – I didn't realize there was that much to know and focus on to improve your vocals. It seems to take quite a bit of talent, that which I do not have lol – is singing something that can purely be learned, or are there people who can't sing?
Cheers Brandon! I started out as a very unconfident and completely untrained singer myself and could barely sing even a few notes – it's all about training, perseverance and consistent practice.
Let me know if you have any questions about your voice!!


text:
Q: filter list in entity framework i have been working with dotnetnuke portal and there i have created a module for department links. where in this modulei have colDepartmentPageLinks  which is type of List and returns me the list of links of particular departments and bind with the datalist but now i have to filter the colDepartmentPageLinks based on module id and module id is also a field in this DepartmentPageLinkInfo list.
  DepartmentPageLinkController objDepartmentPageLinks = new DepartmentPageLinkController();
                        List<DepartmentPageLinkInfo> colDepartmentPageLinks;

                        //get the content from the DepartmentPageLink table
                        int TabId = this.TabId;
                        int ModuleId = this.ModuleId;
                        colDepartmentPageLinks = objDepartmentPageLinks.GetDepartmentPageLinks(TabId);
lstContent.DataSource = colDepartmentPageLinks;
                    lstContent.DataBind();

A: You could either modify your objDepartmentPageLinks.GetDepartmentPageLinks(TabId) method so that it accepts ModuleId as an arguement (after modifying your GetDepartmentPageLinks method accordingly) or you could run some quick LINQ to filter the colDepartmentPageLinks list just prior to databinding:
//get the content from the DepartmentPageLink table
int TabId = this.TabId;
int ModuleId = this.ModuleId;
colDepartmentPageLinks = objDepartmentPageLinks.GetDepartmentPageLinks(TabId);

colDepartmentPageLinks = (From dpl In colDepartmentPageLinks Where dpl.ModuleId = intModuleId Select dpl).ToList;

lstContent.DataSource = colDepartmentPageLinks;
lstContent.DataBind();

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
\section{Introduction}

 The internal structure of a jet is expected to depend mainly on the type
of primary parton, quark or gluon, from which it originated and to a lesser
extent on the particular hard scattering process. For cone jet algorithms
\cite{cone2,snow} a useful representation of the jet's internal structure is
given by the jet shape \cite{sdellis}. At sufficiently high jet energy, where
fragmentation effects become negligible, the jet shape should be calculable by
perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (pQCD). pQCD predicts gluon jets to be
broader than quark jets as a consequence of the gluon-gluon coupling strength
being larger than that of the quark-gluon coupling \cite{qgjets}. Measurements
of the jet width in $e^+e^-$ interactions at LEP1 have shown that gluon jets
are indeed broader than quark jets \cite{lepjewi}. The dependence of the
structure of quark and gluon jets on the production process can be
investigated by comparing measurements of the jet shape in different reactions
in which the final-state jets are predominantly quark or gluon initiated.

 Measurements of the integrated jet shape were made in $\bar{p}p$
collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.8$~TeV using charged particles \cite{cdf1} as
well as both neutral and charged particles \cite{d01}, and a qualitative
agreement with $O(\alpha_S^3)$ QCD calculations \cite{sdellis,jetrad} was
found. Measurements of the integrated and differential jet shapes were
made in $e^+e^-$ interactions at LEP1 using both neutral and charged
particles \cite{opal1} and were found to be well described by
leading-logarithm parton-shower Monte Carlo calculations. It was observed
\cite{opal1} that the jets in $e^+e^-$ are significantly narrower than those
in $\bar{p}p$ and most of this difference was ascribed to the different
mixtures of quark and gluon jets in the two production processes.

 Measurements of the integrated jet shape in quasi-real photon proton
collisions at HERA have recently been presented \cite{zshape97} and were found to
be well described by leading-logarithm parton-shower Monte Carlo
calculations except for the inclusive production of jets with high jet
pseudorapidity ($\eta^{jet}$) and low jet transverse energy ($E_T^{jet}$).
Fixed-order perturbative QCD calculations at the parton level \cite{kramer}
are able to describe the measured jet shapes within the uncertainties on
the matching between the theoretical and experimental jet algorithms.

 At HERA, jet production has been observed in both neutral-
\cite{zeusjets,h1jets} and charged-current \cite{zeuscc94} deep inelastic
$ep$ scattering (DIS) at large $Q^2$ (where $Q^2$ is the virtuality of the
exchanged boson). In this paper, measurements of the differential and
integrated jet shapes in neutral- and charged-current DIS at $Q^2>100$~GeV$^2$\
are presented. The data sample used in this analysis
has been collected with the ZEUS detector in $e^+ p$ interactions at the
HERA collider. To compare with measurements of the jet shapes in $\bar{p}p$,
$\gamma p$ and $e^+e^-$ collisions, jets are searched for with an iterative
cone algorithm \cite{zshape97} with radius $R=1$ in the
pseudorapidity\footnote{The ZEUS coordinate system is defined as
right-handed with the $Z$-axis pointing in the proton beam direction,
hereafter referred to as forward, and the $X$-axis horizontal, pointing
towards the centre of HERA. The pseudorapidity is defined as
$\eta=-\ln(\tan\frac{\theta}{2})$, where the polar angle $\theta$ is taken
with respect to the proton beam direction.}
($\eta$) - azimuth ($\varphi$) plane of the laboratory frame. Jets have
been selected with jet transverse (with respect to the proton beam
direction) energy $E_T^{jet}>14$~GeV and jet pseudorapidity in the range $-1<\etajet<2$.
The jet shape has been measured using the ZEUS calorimeter and corrected to
the hadron level. The measurements are presented as functions of $E_T^{jet}$ and
$\eta^{jet}$. The measured jet shapes are compared to similar measurements in
other reactions and to leading-logarithm parton-shower Monte Carlo
calculations.

\section{Experimental setup}

 During 1995 and 1996 HERA operated with protons of energy $E_p = 820$~GeV
and positrons of energy $E_e = 27.5$~GeV. The ZEUS detector is described in
detail in \cite{sigtot,status}. The main subdetectors used in the present
analysis are the central tracking system positioned in a 1.43~T solenoidal
magnetic field and the uranium-scintillator sampling calorimeter (CAL).
The tracking system was used to establish an interaction vertex and to
select neutral- and charged-current DIS events. The CAL is hermetic and
consists of 5918~cells each read out by two photomultipliers tubes. Under
test beam conditions the CAL has energy resolutions of 18\%/$\sqrt{E}$ for
electrons and 35\%/$\sqrt{E}$ for hadrons. Energy deposits in the CAL were
used to identify the scattered positron, to find jets and to
measure jet energies. Jet energies are corrected for the energy lost in
inactive material in front of the CAL. This material is typically about one
radiation length. The effects of uranium noise were minimised by
discarding cells in the electromagnetic (EMC) or hadronic (HAC) sections
if they had energy deposits of less than 60~MeV or 110~MeV, respectively.
A three--level trigger was used to select events online
\cite{zeuscc94,status,zeushix}.

\section{Data selection}

 Neutral-current (NC) DIS events have been selected offline from the ZEUS
1995 data sample, which corresponds to an integrated luminosity of
6.3~pb$^{-1}$, using criteria similar to those reported previously
\cite{zeushix,zeusf294}. The main steps are briefly discussed here. The
scattered positron candidate has been identified by using the pattern of
energy deposits in the CAL \cite{sinistra}. The energy ($E_{e^{\prime}}$)
and polar angle ($\theta_{e^{\prime}}$) of the positron candidate have
been determined from the CAL measurements. The $Q^2$ variable has been
reconstructed by the double-angle method ($Q^2_{DA}$) \cite{dameth}, which
uses $\theta_{e^{\prime}}$ and an angle that corresponds to the direction of
the scattered quark in quark-parton model type events. This second angle
has been determined from the CAL measurements of the hadronic final
state. The following requirements have been imposed:
\begin{itemize}
 \item A positron candidate of uncorrected energy $E_{e^{\prime}}>10$~GeV.
      This cut ensures a high and well understood positron finding
      efficiency and suppresses background from photoproduction events,
      where the scattered positron escapes down the rear beampipe.
 \item $y_e < 0.95$, where $y_e=1-E_{e^{\prime}}
      (1-\cos{\theta_{e^{\prime}}})/(2 E_e)$. This condition removes events where
      fake positron candidates are found in the forward
      region of the CAL.
 \item The total energy not associated with the positron candidate within
      a cone of radius 0.7 units in the $\eta-\varphi$ plane around the
      positron direction must be less than 5~GeV. This condition removes
      photoproduction and DIS events where part of a jet has been falsely
      identified as the scattered positron.
 \item A track is required to match the positron candidate identified in the
      CAL for $\eta_e < 2$, where $\eta_e$ is the pseudorapidity
      of the positron candidate. This requirement suppresses
      cosmic rays, beam-halo muons, photoproduction and DIS events where
      an electromagnetic shower in the CAL has been falsely identified as
      the scattered positron.
 \item For $\eta_e > 2$ the transverse energy of the positron candidate should
      be larger than 20~GeV. This requirement further reduces the number of
      fake positrons in the forward region of the CAL.
 \item 38~GeV~$<(E-p_Z)<65$~GeV, where $E$ is the total energy as measured
      by the CAL, $E=\sum_i E_i$, and $p_Z$ is the $Z$-component of the
      vector $\vec{p} = \sum_i E_i \vec r_i$; in both cases the sum runs
      over all CAL cells, $E_i$ is the energy of the calorimeter cell $i$
      and $\vec r_i$ is a unit vector along the line joining the
      reconstructed vertex and the geometric centre of the cell $i$. This
      cut removes events with large initial-state radiation and further
      reduces the background from photoproduction.
 \item Events have been removed from the sample if there was a second
      positron candidate with energy above 10~GeV and without
      a track match, and the energy in the CAL after subtracting that of
      the two positron candidates is below 10~GeV. This requirement removes
      elastic Compton scattering events ($ep \rightarrow e\gamma p$).
 \item ${\mbox{$\not\hspace{-.55ex}{P}_t$}}/\sqrt{E_t} < 3$~GeV$^{1/2}$ where ${\mbox{$\not\hspace{-.55ex}{P}_t$}}$ is the
      missing transverse momentum as measured with the CAL
      (${\mbox{$\not\hspace{-.55ex}{P}_t$}} \equiv \sqrt{p_X^2+p_Y^2}$) and $E_t$ is the
      total transverse energy in the CAL. This cut removes
      cosmic rays and beam-related background.
 \item The vertex position along the beam axis must be in the range
      $-30 < Z < 36$~cm.
 \item $Q^2_{DA}>100$~GeV$^2$.
\end{itemize}

 Charged-current (CC) DIS events have been selected offline from the ZEUS
1995 and 1996 data samples, which correspond to an integrated luminosity
of 14.8~pb$^{-1}$, using criteria similar to those reported in
\cite{zeuscc94}. The $Q^2$ variable has been determined using the method of
Jacquet-Blondel ($Q^2_{JB}$) \cite{jacblo}, which uses the information from
the hadronic energy flow of the event. The following conditions have been
imposed:
\begin{itemize}
 \item ${\mbox{$\not\hspace{-.55ex}{P}_t$}} > 11$~GeV. This cut ensures high trigger efficiency.
 \item ${\mbox{$\not\hspace{-.55ex}{P}_t$}}/E_t > 0.5$. This cut rejects photoproduction and
      beam-related background.
 \item The vertex position along the beam axis should lie in the range
      $-30 < Z < 36$~cm.
 \item At least one track should point to the vertex. This requirement rejects
      cosmic rays and beam-gas interactions.
 \item The number of tracks not associated to the vertex must be less than 20\%
      of the total number of tracks. This cut further reduces the
      background from beam-gas interactions.
 \item The difference $\Delta \varphi$ between the azimuths of the net
      transverse momentum as measured by the tracks associated with the
      vertex and as measured by the CAL has been required to
      fulfill $|\Delta \varphi |< 1$~rad. This requirement removes overlays
      of cosmic rays on $ep$ interactions.
 \item $P^{tracks}_t/{\mbox{$\not\hspace{-.55ex}{P}_t$}} > 0.1$, where $P^{tracks}_t$ is the net
      transverse momentum of the tracks associated with the vertex (this
      condition has not been applied if ${\mbox{$\not\hspace{-.55ex}{P}_t$}} > 25$~GeV). This cut
      rejects beam-related background, in which ${\mbox{$\not\hspace{-.55ex}{P}_t$}}$
      is pointing to small polar angles, and events with additional
      non-$ep$ related energy deposits in the CAL (mainly cosmic rays).
 \item The event has been removed from the sample if there was an isolated
      positron candidate with energy above 10~GeV and a track match. This
      condition removes NC DIS events.
 \item Pattern recognition algorithms based on the topology of the CAL
      energy distribution were applied to reject cosmic rays and
      beam-halo muons.
 \item $Q^2_{corr} > 100$~GeV$^2$, where $Q^2_{corr}$ denotes the
      corrected value of $Q^2_{JB}$ as described in \cite{zeuscc94}. The
      resolution in the reconstruction of $Q^2$ is $\approx 25$\%.
\end{itemize}

 A search for jet structure using the CAL cells (see Section~5) has been
performed on both samples (NC and CC DIS), and events with at least one
jet of `corrected' transverse energy (see Section~5) $E_T^{jet}>14$~GeV and
$-1<\eta^{jet} <2$ have been retained. The selected sample of NC (CC) DIS
consists of 6926 (231) events containing 7092 (233) jets. In both cases,
the background from photoproduction has been estimated using Monte Carlo
techniques and was found to be below 1\%.

\section{Monte Carlo simulation}

 The response of the detector to jets and the correction factors for the
jet shapes have been determined from samples of Monte Carlo (MC) events.

 NC and CC DIS events have been generated using the {\sc lepto} program
\cite{lepto} interfaced to {\sc heracles} \cite{heracles} via {\sc django}
\cite{django}. The {\sc heracles} program includes photon and $Z^{o}$
exchanges and first-order electroweak radiative corrections. The CTEQ4D
\cite{cteq4} NLO proton parton densities have been used. The hadronic
final state is simulated using the colour-dipole model \cite{cdm} including
the leading-order (LO) QCD diagrams as implemented in {\sc ariadne}
\cite{ariadne} for the QCD cascade. As an alternative, samples of events
have been generated using the model of {\sc lepto} based on first-order
QCD matrix elements plus parton-shower ({\sc meps}). For the generation of
the samples with {\sc meps}, the soft colour interactions option has been
switched off.

 In addition, a sample of NC DIS events has been generated using the
{\sc pythia} program \cite{pythia}: a lowest-order electroweak calculation
including initial- and final-state QCD radiation in the leading-logarithm
parton-shower approximation. In this case, events have been generated
using the MRSA \cite{mrsa} set of proton parton densities and the
first-order QCD matrix elements have not been included. In all cases, the
{\sc lund} string model \cite{lund} as implemented in {\sc jetset}
\cite{pythia} is used for modelling the fragmentation into hadrons.

 All MC generated events have been passed through the ZEUS detector and
trigger simulation programs \cite{status}. They have been reconstructed and
analysed by the same program chain as the data.

\section{Jet search and energy corrections}

 An iterative cone algorithm in the $\eta-\varphi$ plane \cite{cone2,snow}
is used to reconstruct jets from the energy measured in the CAL
cells for both data and MC generated events, and also from the final-state
hadrons for MC generated events. A detailed description of the algorithm
can be found in \cite{zshape97}. The jets reconstructed from the CAL cell
energies are called $cal$ jets and the variables associated with them
are denoted by $E_{T,cal}^{jet}$, $\eta_{cal}^{jet}$ and $\varphi_{cal}^{jet}$. The axis of the jet is
defined according to the Snowmass convention \cite{snow}, where $\eta_{cal}^{jet}$
($\varphi_{cal}^{jet}$) is the transverse--energy weighted mean pseudorapidity
(azimuth) of all the CAL cells belonging to that jet. The energy sharing
of overlapping jets is dealt with using the following procedure. Two jets
are merged if the overlapping energy exceeds 75\% of the total energy of
the jet with the lower energy; otherwise two different jets are formed
and the common cells are assigned to the nearest jet. The cone radius $R$
used in the jet search is set equal to $1$.

 For the MC generated events, the same jet algorithm is also applied to
the final-state particles. The jets found are called $hadron$ jets and
the variables associated with them are denoted by $E^{jet}_{T,had}$,
$\eta^{jet}_{had}$, and $\varphi^{jet}_{had}$. $Hadron$ jets with
$E^{jet}_{T,had}>14$~GeV and $-1<\eta^{jet}_{had}<2$ are selected.

 The comparison of the reconstructed jet variables between the $hadron$ and
the $cal$ jets in MC generated events \cite{zeoct94} shows no significant
systematic shift in the angular variables $\eta_{cal}^{jet}$ and $\varphi_{cal}^{jet}$ with
respect to $\eta^{jet}_{had}$ and $\varphi^{jet}_{had}$. However, the
transverse energy of the $cal$ jet underestimates that of the $hadron$ jet
by an average amount of $\approx$~16\% with an r.m.s. of 11\%. This effect
is due mainly to energy losses in the inactive material in front of the
CAL and is corrected for using the following procedure. The transverse
energy corrections to $cal$ jets averaged over the azimuthal angle are
determined using the samples of MC generated events \cite{zeoct94}. These
corrections are constructed as multiplicative factors, $C(E_{T,cal}^{jet},\eta_{cal}^{jet})$,
which, when applied to the $E_T$ of the $cal$ jets, give the `corrected'
transverse energies of the jets, $E_T^{jet}=C(E_{T,cal}^{jet},\eta_{cal}^{jet}) \times E_{T,cal}^{jet}$
\cite{zeoct94}.

\section{Jet shape}

 The differential jet shape is defined as the average fraction of the
jet's transverse energy that lies inside an annulus in the $\eta-\varphi$ plane
of inner (outer) radius $r-\Delta r/2$ ($r+\Delta r/2$) concentric with the jet
defining cone \cite{sdellis}:
\begin{equation}
\label{eqjsd}
 \rho(r)=\frac{1}{N_{jets}} \frac{1}{\Delta r}
 \sum_{jets}\frac{E_T(r-\Delta r/2,r+\Delta r/2)}{E_T(0,R)},
\end{equation}
where $E_T(r-\Delta r/2,r+\Delta r/2)$ is the transverse energy within the
given annulus and $N_{jets}$ is the total number of jets in the sample.
The differential jet shape has been measured for $r$ values varying from
$0.05$ to $0.95$ in $\Delta r=0.1$ increments. The integrated jet shape
defined by
\begin{equation}
\label{eqjsi}
  \psi(r) = \frac{1}{N_{jets}} \sum_{jets} \frac{E_T(0,r)}{E_T(0,R)}
\end{equation}
is also used. By definition, $\psi(R)=1$. It has been measured for $r$
values varying from $0.1$ to $1.0$ in $\Delta r=0.1$ increments.

 The following procedure is used to reconstruct the differential jet
shape from the CAL cells in data and MC generated events: for each jet
the sum of the transverse energies of the CAL cells assigned to the jet,
$E_{T,cal}(r-\Delta r/2,r+\Delta r/2)$, with a distance
$r'=\sqrt{(\Delta \eta)^2+(\Delta \varphi)^2}$ to the jet axis between
$r-\Delta r/2$ and $r+\Delta r/2$ is determined and divided by
$E_{T,cal}(0,1)$. The differential jet shape as measured with the CAL,
$\rho_{cal}(r)$, is then defined in analogy with eq.~(\ref{eqjsd}), where
the sum now runs over all the $cal$ jets in the selected sample and
$N_{jets}$ is the total number of $cal$ jets in the sample. Similarly,
the integrated jet shape as measured with the CAL, $\psi_{cal}(r)$, is
defined in analogy with eq.~(\ref{eqjsi}).

 The same jet shape definition as used above for the CAL cells is applied
to the final-state particles in the case of MC generated events and the
resulting differential (integrated) jet shape is denoted by
$\rho^{MC}_{had}(r)$ ($\psi^{MC}_{had}(r)$).

\subsection{Jet shape correction}

 The differential and integrated jet shapes as measured with the CAL are
corrected back to the hadron level using the samples of MC generated
events. The corrected differential and integrated jet shapes, $\rho(r)$ and
$\psi(r)$, refer to jets at the hadron level with a cone radius of one
unit in the $\eta-\varphi$ plane. The measurements are given for jets with
$E_T^{jet} > 14$~GeV and $ -1 < \eta^{jet} < 2 $ in the kinematic region $Q^2 > 100$ GeV$^2$.

 The corrected jet transverse energy is used only to select the sample
of jets ($E_T^{jet} > 14$~GeV) and to study the dependence of the jet shape
as a function of $E_T^{jet}$. The reconstructed jet shapes are then corrected
for acceptance and smearing effects using the samples of MC generated
events. The correction factors also take into account the efficiency of
the trigger, the selection criteria, the purity and efficiency of the jet
reconstruction, and the effects of the energy losses due to inactive
material in front of the CAL.
The corrected differential (integrated) jet shape is determined
bin-by-bin as $\rho(r) = G^{MC}_{cal}(r) \cdot \rho_{cal}(r)$ and
$\psi (r) = F^{MC}_{cal}(r) \cdot \psi_{cal}(r)$, where the correction
factors are defined as $G^{MC}_{cal}(r) = \rho^{MC}_{had}(r)/\rho^{MC}_{cal}(r)$ and
$F^{MC}_{cal}(r) = \psi^{MC}_{had}(r)/\psi^{MC}_{cal}(r)$
and are determined separately for each region of $\eta^{jet}$ and $E_T^{jet}$.

 For this approach to be valid, the uncorrected jet shapes in the data
must be described by the MC simulations at the detector level.
As shown later, this condition is satisfied by the {\sc ariadne} and
{\sc meps} simulations in all $\eta^{jet}$ and $E_T^{jet}$ regions studied.
The samples of events generated with {\sc ariadne} are used to correct
the jet shapes. The correction factors $G^{MC}_{cal}(r)$ do not show a
strong dependence on $\eta^{jet}$ or $E_T^{jet}$ and vary between $0.7$ and $1$
for $r \geq 0.15$. The correction factors for the integrated jet shape
$F^{MC}_{cal}(r)$ differ from unity by less than 25\% for $r\geq0.2$.
Close to the centre of the jet the correction factor $G^{MC}_{cal}(r=0.05)
\equiv F^{MC}_{cal}(r=0.1)$ is large and varies between $1.4$ and $1.7$
depending on $\eta^{jet}$ and $E_T^{jet}$.

 The jet shapes have been also reconstructed using tracks instead of CAL
cells both in data and MC generated events. Since the use of tracks gives
an improved spatial resolution for the transverse-energy flow of the
charged particles within a jet, this study provides a cross-check of the
resolution in $r$ for the jet shape reconstructed using the CAL. The
resulting corrected jet shapes are consistent with those using the CAL
cells within the uncertainties of the measurements (see next section).

\subsection{Systematic uncertainties}

 A detailed study of the sources contributing to the systematic
uncertainties of the measurements has been carried out \cite{mmthesis}. The
uncertainties have been classified into four groups:
\begin{itemize}
 \item The energy corrections to the jets and the correction functions to the
       jet shapes in NC and CC DIS have been evaluated using the {\sc meps}
       generator. The changes induced in $\rho(r)$ are typically below 10\%.
 \item The absolute energy scale of the $cal$ jets in the MC generated events
       has been varied by $\pm 3$\%. The resulting corrected $\rho(r)$
       changes typically by less than 3\%.
 \item Variations in the simulation of the CAL response to low-energy
       particles yielded changes in $\rho(r)$ typically below 3\%.
 \item Variations in the simulation of the trigger and a variation of the
       cuts used to select the data within the ranges allowed by the
       comparison between data and MC simulations resulted in
       negligible changes in the corrected jet shapes.
\end{itemize}

 For the measurements of jet shapes in NC DIS, the statistical errors are
negligible compared to the systematic uncertainties. Conversely, the
statistical errors dominate in the CC DIS analysis. The total positive
(negative) systematic uncertainty on $\rho(r)$ at each value of $r$ has
been determined by adding in quadrature the positive (negative) deviations
from the central value. The systematic uncertainties have been added
in quadrature to the statistical errors and are shown as error bars in
the figures.

\section{Results}

\subsection{Jet shapes in DIS}

 The differential and integrated jet shapes are measured for jets
in the reactions
$$ e^+ p \rightarrow e^+ (\overline{\nu}) \; + \; {\rm jet} \; + \; X $$
with $Q^2>100$~GeV$^2$. Jets are required to have $E_T^{jet} > 14$~GeV and
$-1 < \eta^{jet} < 2$. There are 6018, 855 and 53 events in the NC DIS data
sample with $Q^2$ in the range $100-1000$~GeV$^2$, $1000-5000$~GeV$^2$
and $5000-25000$~GeV$^2$. The corresponding numbers for the CC DIS data
sample are 84, 123 and 24 events.

\vspace{0.5cm}
\noindent {\bf Jet shapes in NC DIS}

 The measured differential jet shapes in NC DIS for different regions in
$\eta^{jet}$ and $E_T^{jet}$ are shown in Figures~\ref{figdra1} and
\ref{figdra2}, respectively. The differential jet shape exhibits a prominent
peak at the centre of the jet. It decreases by a factor $\approx 40$
from the centre of the jet ($r=0.05$) to the edge of the jet ($r=0.95$).
Figure~\ref{figdra3} shows the measured average fraction of the jet's
transverse energy that lies inside an inner cone of radius $r=0.5$
concentric with the jet defining cone, $\psi(r=0.5)$, as functions of
$\eta^{jet}$ and $E_T^{jet}$. Note that $\psi(r=0.5)$ has been measured in ranges of
$E_T^{jet}$ and the data points in Figure~\ref{figdra3} (lower plot) are located
at the weighted mean in each $E_T^{jet}$ range. It is observed that the jets
become narrower as $E_T^{jet}$ increases. The measured $\psi(r=0.5)$ exhibits no
significant dependence on $\eta^{jet}$.

 The predictions of {\sc ariadne}, {\sc meps} and {\sc pythia} are
compared to the measured jet shapes in Figures~\ref{figdra1}
to \ref{figdra3}. The predicted jet shape of the colour-dipole model
({\sc ariadne}) describes the measured jet shape well in all $\eta^{jet}$ and
$E_T^{jet}$ regions considered. The predicted jets of {\sc pythia} tend to be
narrower at low $E_T^{jet}$ than those in the data (see Figure~\ref{figdra3}).
In the case of {\sc meps}, the predicted jets show a tendency to be
broader at low $\eta^{jet}$ than those in the data.

\vspace{0.5cm}
\noindent {\bf Jet shapes in CC DIS}

 The results for $\rho(r)$ in CC DIS for different regions of $E_T^{jet}$ are
shown in Figure~\ref{figdra4}. The differential jet shape shows similar
general features to those of the jets in NC DIS.
Figure~\ref{figdra5} shows the measured $\psi(r=0.5)$ as functions of
$\eta^{jet}$ and $E_T^{jet}$. The measured $\psi(r=0.5)$ exhibits no
significant dependence on $\eta^{jet}$ and its dependence on $E_T^{jet}$ is
similar to that observed in NC DIS. The predictions of {\sc ariadne} and
{\sc meps} (see Figures~\ref{figdra4} and \ref{figdra5}) provide a
reasonable description of the measured jet shape.

 The measured jet shapes in NC DIS are compared with those in
CC DIS in Figure~\ref{figdra6} and found to be very similar in each region
of $E_T^{jet}$. Measurements of the ratio of the differential jet shapes in CC
and NC DIS, $\rho^{CC}(r)/\rho^{NC}(r)$, for the same regions of $E_T^{jet}$
as above are also shown in Figure~\ref{figdra6} (lower part of each
plot) and found to be compatible with unity. In these measurements some of
the systematic uncertainties common to NC and CC DIS cancel. The
median of the $Q^2$ distribution has been determined for the NC and CC DIS
samples of jets in each $E_T^{jet}$ region:
 310~GeV$^2$  (450~GeV$^2$) for $14<E_T^{jet}<21$~GeV,
 710~GeV$^2$ (1000~GeV$^2$) for $21<E_T^{jet}<29$~GeV,
1260~GeV$^2$ (1600~GeV$^2$) for $29<E_T^{jet}<37$~GeV and
2000~GeV$^2$ (2200~GeV$^2$) for $37<E_T^{jet}<45$~GeV in the NC (CC) DIS samples
of jets. Some differences are observed in the $Q^2$ distributions of the
two processes for a given range in $E_T^{jet}$. As a cross-check, the jet
shapes in NC and CC DIS have been measured in a common region of $Q^2$
for each range in $E_T^{jet}$ and no significant difference has been found.
Therefore, the observation that the jet shapes in NC and CC DIS are very
similar, for the same range of $E_T^{jet}$, is independent of the different
$Q^2$ distributions in these processes.

\subsection{Comparison to jet shapes in photoproduction}

 In photoproduction, two types of QCD processes contribute to jet
production at LO \cite{owens,drees}: either the photon interacts directly
with a parton in the proton (direct process) or the photon acts as a
source of partons which interact with those in the proton (resolved
process). It has been noted that resolved processes dominate jet
photoproduction in the entire $E_T^{jet}$ region studied \cite{zeoct94}. In the
case of dijet photoproduction the contributions of resolved and direct
processes can be separated \cite{zenov93} by using the variable
$x^{OBS}_{\gamma}=(\sum_{jets}E^{jet}_T e^{-\eta^{jet}})
/(2 E_{\gamma})$, where the sum runs over the two jets of highest
$E^{jet}_T$ and $E_{\gamma}$ is the initial photon energy. This variable
represents the fraction of the photon's momentum participating in the
production of the two jets with highest $E^{jet}_T$. The LO direct and
resolved processes largely populate different regions of $x^{OBS}_{\gamma}$,
with the direct processes being concentrated at high values.

 In Figure~\ref{figdra7} the measured integrated jet shape in NC DIS are
compared to those in dijet photoproduction \cite{zshape97} for two different
regions: $x^{OBS}_{\gamma}\geq 0.75$ and $x^{OBS}_{\gamma}< 0.75$. The comparison
between the jet shapes in NC DIS and dijet photoproduction is made for the
same ranges of $\eta^{jet}$ and the $E_T^{jet}$ spectrum is similar in these two
processes. The jets produced in NC DIS are narrower than those in dijet
photoproduction but closer to those dominated by direct processes
($x^{OBS}_{\gamma}\geq 0.75$). This comparison can be understood in terms of
the large fraction of final-state quark jets expected in NC DIS
($e^+ q \rightarrow e^+ q$) and direct processes in photoproduction
(dominated by the subprocess $\gamma g\rightarrow q\bar{q}$). The remaining
differences may be attributed to the contribution from the direct subprocess
$\gamma q\rightarrow qg$ and that of resolved processes, in which the jets are
broader as shown by the measurements in dijet photoproduction with
$x^{OBS}_{\gamma}<0.75$.

\subsection{Comparison to measurements in $e^+e^-$ and $\bar{p}p$
collisions}

 The measured jet shape in NC (CC) DIS with $Q^2 > 100$~GeV$^2$ for jets
with transverse energy between 37 and 45~GeV, with a mean of 40~GeV
(41~GeV), is compared to the measurements of the jet shape corrected to the
hadron level in $\bar{p}p$ collisions by CDF \cite{cdf1} and D\O\ \cite{d01}
and in $e^+e^-$ interactions by OPAL \cite{opal1}:
\begin{itemize}
 \item The CDF data \cite{cdf1} have been obtained using an iterative cone
      algorithm with $R=1$ similar to that used here.
      The measurements shown are for jets with transverse energy
      between 40 and 60~GeV, with a mean of 45~GeV, and pseudorapidity
      $0.1<|\eta^{jet}|<0.7$. The contribution to the jet shape due to the
      underlying event was found to be small\footnote{In NC and CC DIS the
      underlying event is not expected to contribute in the kinematic
      region studied here.}. If a jet shares more than 75\% of its energy
      with a jet of higher energy, the two are merged together; otherwise,
      they are defined as distinct and the particles common to both jets
      are assigned to the nearest jet.
 \item The D\O\ data \cite{d01} have been obtained also using an iterative
      cone algorithm with $R=1$ similar to that used here.
      The jet direction was defined according to a convention
      different from that of Snowmass; however, this difference is not
      expected to have a significant effect on the results \cite{glover}.
      The jet shape has been measured for jets with transverse energy
      between 45 and 70~GeV, with a mean of 53~GeV, and pseudorapidity
      $|\eta^{jet}|<0.2$. The jet shape has been corrected to remove the
      small contribution due to the underlying event. Two jets were
      merged if more than 50\% of the $E_T$ of the jet with smaller $E_T$
      was contained in the overlap region; otherwise, the two jets were
      not merged and each particle in the overlap region was assigned to
      the nearest jet.
 \item The OPAL data \cite{opal1} have been obtained using a cone algorithm
      especially designed to emulate that of the CDF measurements, i.e.
      defining the cone in the $\eta-\varphi$ plane, using $R=1$, demanding
      $|\eta^{jet}|<0.7$ and measuring the transverse energy flow.
      The jet shape has been measured for jets with energy
      greater than 35~GeV, with a mean of 40.4~GeV. The $e^+e^-$ data
      have no underlying event. Overlapping jets are treated using the
      same procedure as CDF.
\end{itemize}

 The measured differential jet shapes in NC and CC DIS are compared to that
measured in $e^+e^-$ interactions in Figure~\ref{figdra8} and are found to be
similar. The ratio of the differential jet shapes in NC DIS and $e^+e^-$
interactions, $\rho^{NC}(r)/\rho^{e^+e^-}(r)$, is also shown in Figure~\ref{figdra8}
(lower part of the figure) and is found to be compatible with unity within
the uncertainties of the DIS measurements, which are dominant. For the
selected samples of jets, the jet shapes in $e^+e^-$ interactions and DIS
are expected to be similar due to the large fraction of final-state quark
jets in these two processes. However, some differences may appear since
there are configurations of colour flow (for example, that of
initial-state QCD radiation) in DIS which are not present in $e^+e^-$. The
striking similarity in the jet shapes indicates the large extent to which
the pattern of QCD radiation within a quark jet is independent of
the hard scattering process in these reactions.

 The measured integrated jet shapes in DIS are compared to those in
$e^+e^-$ interactions and $\bar{p}p$ collisions in Figure~\ref{figdra9}. The
measured jets in DIS at HERA are found to be narrower than those in
$\bar{p}p$ collisions. The measurements in $\bar{p}p$ collisions have been
performed for jets with slightly higher energy than those in NC and CC DIS.
This difference cannot explain the discrepancy in the jet shapes
since the jets become narrower as the jet energy increases. As stated in
\cite{opal1}, most of the difference between the jet shapes in $e^+e^-$
interactions and $\bar{p}p$ collisions can be ascribed to the larger fraction of
gluon jets in the latter reaction. The comparison between the measured jet
shapes in DIS and $\bar{p}p$ collisions suggests that, also in this case, the
difference can be attributed to differences between quark and gluon jet
properties.

\section{Summary and conclusions}

 Measurements have been presented of the differential and integrated jet
shapes in neutral- and charged-current deep inelastic $e^+p$ scattering at
$\sqrt{s}=300$~GeV using data collected by ZEUS in 1995 and 1996. The
jet shapes refer to jets at the hadron level with a cone radius of one
unit in the $\eta-\varphi$ plane and are given for the kinematic region
$Q^2 > 100$~GeV$^2$. Jets with $E_T^{jet} > 14$~GeV and $-1<\etajet<2$ have been
considered. The jets become narrower as $E_T^{jet}$ increases. No
significant $\eta^{jet}$ dependence of the jet shape has been observed.
The measured jet shapes in neutral- and charged-current DIS are found to
be very similar.

 The measurements of jet shapes have been compared to the predictions of
Monte Carlo generators using different models for the QCD radiation. The
colour-dipole model as implemented in {\sc ariadne} provides a reasonable
description of the measured jet shapes in all $\eta^{jet}$ and $E_T^{jet}$ regions
studied. The parton-shower approach without first-order QCD matrix-elements
predict jets which are slightly narrower at low $E_T^{jet}$ than those in the
data for all the $\eta^{jet}$ regions studied. The inclusion of first-order QCD
matrix-elements improves the description of the data for $\eta^{jet} >1$, but
leads to jets which are slightly broader for $\eta^{jet}<1$.

 The jets in neutral-current DIS are narrower than those in dijet
photoproduction but closer to those in direct-photon processes for the
same ranges in jet transverse energy and pseudorapidity. The jets in DIS
are found to be narrower than those in $\bar{p}p$ collisions. This
difference can be attributed to a larger contribution of gluon jets in
$\bar{p}p$ collisions. The measured jet shapes in neutral- and
charged-current DIS are similar to those in $e^+e^-$ interactions for
comparable ranges of jet transverse energy. Since the jets in $e^+e^-$
interactions and deep inelastic $e^+p$ scattering are predominantly quark
initiated, the similarity in the jet shapes indicates that the pattern of
QCD radiation within a quark jet is to a large extent independent
of the hard scattering process in these reactions.

\vspace{0.5cm}
\noindent {\Large\bf Acknowledgements}
\vspace{0.3cm}

 The strong support and encouragement of the DESY Directorate have been
invaluable. The experiment was made possible by the inventiveness and the
diligent efforts of the HERA machine group.  The design, construction and
installation of the ZEUS detector have been made possible by the
ingenuity and dedicated efforts of many people from inside DESY and
from the home institutes who are not listed as authors. Their
contributions are acknowledged with great appreciation.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Beautiful creations Celestina! I especially love the pink glitter snowman! Really gorgeous!
Such darling treasures and the shoes are so sweet! I love decorating with things that remind me of Little Women, their little gifts for Marmie under the tree.
We also make Pizzelles every year and truly enjoy it. When the old relatives were still living we would make 6-7 patches of pizzelles to give to all of them. what fun we all had together doing that.
Such a lovely blog and you certainly did receive some treasures!
Where does the time go? Has it really been ages since I stopped by or have you been posting more than normal? LOL!! You certainly have been a busy bee Celeste.
And lucky too, to have received such pretties. BTW I love your Pizzelles!
Hi Celeste. Oh my, everything you received is truly lovely. You have been really busy stocking your MMP shop! Busy and faithful about it.
Your photos really show off how pretty all of the gifts are that your friends gave you. Christmasy and so feminine.
AMD THEY LOOK SOOOO PRETTY ON YOUR PINK TREE :) LUCKY DUCKY YOU :) IM LOVING THE DRESS PILLOW JUST ADORABLE!! ENJOY YOUR NEW PRETTIES!
Celeste, when you told me you had bought the little houses too, I had to go take a peek in your Etsy shop!
Adorable! Isn't it neat the way we each see and do something differently! Yours look like candy.
Beautiful ornies you received, I don't know which I like best. Please sign me up to WIN your fabulous give away. You work is gorgeous!
I must say that you are very talented at taking beautiful pictures. I'm so happy you are enjoying the oranaments. I put my heart and soul into all the things that I create and it was especially fun making them for you.
Thanks for all your kind words. I wish you the moon and stars.
Wow! What to open that box. The ornaments are just darling. I love the dress form. The is so sweet.
I hope you're not working yourself to death and are enjoying some fun things this season.
the ornament you received are just beautiful.


Increase in water retained in soil. Increased organic matter retains water; increased shading reduces evaporation from the soil. More water is available for plants. Decrease in pH of soil. Acids released during decomposition lower pH. Mobilizes cations facilitating mineral uptake (e.g., Fe++,. Ca++); favors acid-tolerant plants.
AP Biology Review Games View, This AP Bio website contains links to review games on all topics. Apr 22, 2010, 1:47 PM, Sandra Putrino. ċ. Campbell AP Biology PRACTICE QUIZZES—All Topics View, The quizzes contain many great diagrams that may appear on the AP BIO Exam. Apr 22, 2010, 1:46 PM, Sandra Putrino.


text:
The Akali Dal has received a shot in the arm with the induction of PPCC Secretary & MC Zirakpur Jaspal Singh along with his supporters into the party: Sukhbir Singh Badal – President, Akali Dal
PPCC secretary & MC Zirakpur Jaspal Singh joining Akali Dal along with his supporters is a big jolt for Punjab Congress.
The Party has received a shot in the arm with his induction. Pleased to appoint him as party vice president & wish him all the best in his new role.
Conducting plebiscite is just a pretext, Delhi CM Arvind Kejriwal himself wants to become CM of Punjab.
All this drama is to befool Punjabis, he wants to project a dummy face while himself eying the post of Punjab CM.
theind.tvIndia NewsAkali Dal, Punjab Assembly Elections, Sukhbir Singh BadalLeave a comment
Glad to meet UK Secretary of State for International Trade: Dr S Jaishankar
Headlines by the indian national daily – 13 Jan 22

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home » GAMING » Netflix Gaming Platform
Netflix Gaming Platform Possibly In The Works
BY Diego De Matos October 20, 2022October 20, 2022
It's been a rough year for Netflix. The service faced considerable backlash in the last few months. And, some even believed that the company would die out. However, it seems like it experienced a rebound. Now, a Netflix Gaming Platform might be in the works.
Cloud gaming has been a huge industry for years now. Xbox cloud gaming moved to mobile devices last year. And, a new Xbox entirely focused on cloud games was possibly leaked as well.
However, not all forays into cloud gaming have been successful. After a troubled history, Google Stadia is officially shutting down. And, other companies, like Amazon, have failed to become mainstream.
#Disrupt2022 is happening now! Stay in the loop with all the latest Disrupt news right here!👇https://t.co/H0VwjE8lSZ
— TechCrunch (@TechCrunch) October 19, 2022
During TechCrunch Disrupt, the VP of Netflix talked about the company's plans. We learned that they want to offer an accessible entry to gaming for people. But, they don't plan on competing with other gaming companies.
So, what did we learn?
Netflix seriously exploring cloud gaming services
During TechCrunch's Disrupt conference, Mike Verdu spoke about their plans. The VP of games at Netflix summarized their plans. Essentially, the company looks to leverage its streaming expertise in a new area.
According to Verdu, the company is "seriously exploring" a cloud gaming service. They're targeting both TV and PC among their audience. And, their approach isn't to go all-out from the start.
This time, the strategy is somewhat similar to their mobile move. They'll start small and humble. Setting a strong foundation is the first step. From there, they can build out based on consumer feedback and performance.
On the same day, the company revealed that it's working on around 55 games. And, they appear aware of Google and Amazon's problems.
According to Verdu, the issue with Google Stadia wasn't the technology. Instead, the problem came with its business model. With that in mind, Netflix doesn't plan to replace consoles. Instead, it's added value to their current business model.
Netflix's gaming platform prompts new studio in California
In TechCrunch's summary, they go through a surprising investment from Netflix. They're opening a new studio in California. Yet, it'll only be focused on the Netflix gaming platform. It's part of stepping up the game development strategy.
The new studio also seems to have a strong team. Chacko Sonny will be the leader. If you don't know, he was the executive producer for Overwatch. The game was one of Blizzard's most successful games.
Sonny retired from the company after the sexual harassment and discrimination controversy. According to Verdu, it was Sonny's choice to join Netflix. So, he believes in the commitment to making the project successful.
With the new California studio, Netflix now has five game development studios. Plus, we believe this might be the last push to TV and PC gaming. Right now, Netflix's video game endeavors have stuck to mobile devices.
Not the first time the company shows interest in gaming
However, this move is far from a first for Netflix. The company already runs a Netflix Games offering since 2019. The company offers a bunch of mobile device titles from different IPs. The service currently has over 30 games available.
You can find both original and licensed IPs within the games. For instance, there's a Stranger Things game. There's also a League of Legends title, presumably due to Arcane's success.
That said, the company had stated it had no plans for game streaming. That was a few years ago, when launching Netflix Games.
Back in 2011, Netflix expressed plans to rent games via mail. Supposedly, Xbox, PS, and Wii owners could use the service. That said, the idea seemed to crumble shortly after the announcement.
That said, I can't assure you that Netflix is an expert in the gaming industry. Their Netflix Games offerings seem decent. But, the company hasn't made big news among gamers. Let's just hope they learned from Stadia's mistakes.
Olivia Wilde Addresses Misogyny And Drama In 'Don't Worry Darling'
Oscar Isaac Hints At The Possibility Of Moon Knight Season 2


Long Beans and Raw Banana are cooked in little water and fried in Oil till it turns crisp.
Cook Long Beans (Achinga Payar) and Raw Banana in little water along with turmeric powder and salt.
Put the cooked ingredients and Crushed Chilly into it and fry utill it turns crisp.


You can watch The Goldfinch, full movie on FULLTV - A boy in New York is taken in by a wealthy family after his mother is killed in a bombing at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. In a rush of panic, he steals 'The Goldfinch', a painting that eventually draws him into a world of crime. You are able to watch The Goldfinch online, download or rent it as well on video-on-demand services (Netflix Movie List, HBO Now Stream, Amazon Prime), pay-TV or movie theaters with original audio in English. This film will be release in theaters in 2019 (Movies 2019). The official release in theaters may differ from the year of production.
Film directed by John Crowley.
Soundtrack composed by Trevor Gureckis.
Film produced and / or financed by Color Force, Warner Bros. Pictures and Amazon Studios.
As usual, the director filmed the scenes of this film in HD video (High Definition or 4K) with Dolby Digital audio. Without commercial breaks, the full movie The Goldfinch has a duration of 95 minutes. Possibly, its official trailer stream is on the Internet. You can watch this full movie free with English subtitles on movie TV channels, renting the DVD or with VoD services (Video On Demand player, Hulu) and PPV (Pay Per View, Movie List on Netflix, Amazon Video).
Full Movies / Online Movies / The Goldfinch - To enjoy online movies you need a TV with Internet or LED / LCD TVs with DVD or BluRay Player. The full movies are not available for free streaming.


Play outside in the natural world at new WildRootz. We did - a highly recommended family day out.
If you go down to the woods today... Fairies, Elves, magic and more at The Fairyland Trust's fabulous annual Fairy Fair.
Homeward bound. Via The Pigs in Edgefield. One final foodie hurrah to end a perfect Norfolk holiday.
A fun but chilly family day out in Cromer, ending with Pizza at The Jolly Sailors at Brancaster Staithe.
In which we become 'Podders'. Our experience of camping with the family, in 'Pods', in North Norfolk.


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HomeAwardsCall for entries: Michael Elliott Award for Excellence in African Storytelling
December 9, 2022 Ola Awards, Latest Opportunities Comments Off on Call for entries: Michael Elliott Award for Excellence in African Storytelling
DEADLINE: JANUARY 31, 2023 —The International Center for Journalists (ICFJ), the ONE Campaign, and the Elliott seek entries for the Michael Elliott Award for Excellence in African Storytelling.
The award is open to English-speaking journalists with no more than 10 years of journalism experience working in Africa for print, broadcast, and online news media.
Applicants must submit one published piece that exemplifies Africa through thoughtful reporting and excellent storytelling. Entries must have been published between December 1, 2021, and December 1, 2022.
Winners will receive a $5,000 cash prize and a personalized crystal award.
The deadline for applications is January 31, 2023.
Scholarships for journalists to cover biodiversity conferences


Undisputed personality Skip Bayless believes Nick Saban is "overrated" as a football coach, according to a discussion on the latest episode.
"I still don't believe he's the overall football coach that Jim Harbaugh is," Bayless said.
Special guest and Fox Sports analyst Joel Klatt pushed back and discussed Saban's success at Alabama.
"He is the best college football coach of this era and maybe ever," Klatt said.
Alabama opens the 2018 season against Louisville Saturday, Sept. 1, beginning at 8:00 p.m. on ABC.


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Home - Dirtbike - Dirtbike Features - Do it Yourself Workbench Tech - Build Your Own Bike Work Stand
Subject of email:
Do it Yourself Workbench Tech - Build Your Own Bike Work Stand
Nov. 01, 2005 By Rick Sieman
The plans for this simple and effective work bench came from the Texas Vintage Racing Club newsletter, courtesy of David Rhynehart, who thinks the plans came from a very old U.S. Norton Owners Association newsletter.
Material list:
You'll need 1 1/2 sheets of 4' x 8' x ?" plywood. Note: Buy three sheets with a friend and eliminate left-over material.
2x4s. Two cut to 70 1/2 inches, two 22 ? inches and one 19 1/2 inches. One 22 ? inch 2x6.
Four sturdy hinges, approximately 2 inches by 4 inches on each plate of the hinge. At least three bolts per plate.
One hook-and-eye latch.
Assorted nails, screws, bolts, nuts and washers to attach hinges.
Note: Lengths of the 2x4s may need to be adjusted slightly to match the plywood pieces.
From one sheet of plywood, cut out the two sides and the two end pieces. Save the 12x96 section for later. Build the base from the two 70 ? inch 2x4s and from the 19 ? inch 2x4 and the 2x6. Bevel the top edge of the 2x6 to match the angle on the side pieces. Note: It's best to use screws for assembly.
Assemble the sides to the base, making sure the ends of the base are flush with the ends of the sides. Install the two 22 ? inch 2x4s as shown. Be sure the back edge of the pivot 2x4 is aligned with the angle where the top and the ramp cutout meet, or the top will not pivot properly.
Install one of the 18x24 plywood sheets onto the end, forming a box. Now attach the other 18x24 sheet to the 96x24 sheet with two hinges. Use nuts and bolts, with body washers between the bolt heads and the plywood.
Rest the assembly on top of the box with "A" flush with the ramp end of the box. With the box on its side, you can then place and mount the two pivot hinges. If you do not align the hinges properly, the top will not pivot. Turn the stand upright with "A" perpendicular to the base. The top should be parallel to the ground.
If everything has been done properly, you should be able to turn the "A" piece until it's parallel to the ground. The entire top should then pivot to form a ramp the bike can be pushed up. As the bike's center of gravity passes the pivot point, the top should return to a horizontal position and "A" will fold in, preventing the top from swiveling.
Build a front wheel stop so you don't push the bike off the end. It's best if the stop is positioned so the front axle is a few inches past the end of the box. Use eye bolts, or cut a hole in the sides, for tiedowns. Install the hook-and-eye latch at the angled end of the box to prevent "A" from pivoting unexpectedly!
Extra notes:
Cut holes in the sides for storage underneath. Use only top grade plywood. You can add 3/4 inch angle iron down each side of the top (screws every 6 to 8 inches) to prevent the top from flexing with heavier motorcycles. You might have to add some weight to the underside of the pivot end so it will stay in the down position when rolling a bike up on the stand. Make the front wheel stop moveable for different length bikes. Use oil base paint for the top. You can also add two 19 ? -inch 2x4s to the base for added strength. To make the stand look really pro, you can put some sheet metal on top, and this makes clean-up easy.
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Why choose one color when you can have them all? This rug features a brilliantly abstract pattern in varying shades of grey, blue, pink, green, yellow, and more. Crafted in a micro-hooked wool construction that's low maintenance and designed for high-traffic areas.


2020 Mitsubishi Pajero Sport Price – While it even so was not technologically started, everyone knows which completely new 2020 Mitsubishi Pajero is well preferred. His particular status is obviously received through the years. It is actually goods and services regarding a great number of excellent Pajero many years therefore we be aware that that you can be awesome and possibly the top so far. Enables take a look at each one of the specifics we've got created in relation to completely new Pajero to have a determination is certainly this individual the top so far.
A person's near future 2020 Mitsubishi Pajero is often a stylish and splendid SUV along with the wild healthy posture. The modern design features highly refined exterior and also superb performance. On top of that, it provides elegant interior facilities alongside enhanced safety options the particular operating an automobile feature is extremely good and in most cases, Pajero presents anything pertaining to almost all varieties of individuals. Whether or not you prefer ease and comfort or it could be productive capabilities, Pajero could possibly create anything. For 2020 design, specific reviews are usually recommending significant innovations, and connect-in hybrid, really are a decision. Right this moment, this can be basically conjecture.
It is distinct which completely new 2020 Mitsubishi Pajero would seem far more present day compared to almost all their earlier on decades. To accomplish this, Mitsubishi`s creators and also techs ended up needed to lead him to a bit boxier compared to prior to. Even so, they could admit which threat. Currently, completely new Pajero was not ordinary looking for SUV, it is just a little particular. To see reality, right now this indicates more sophisticated simultaneously. It includes increased front side section structures with increased notable and also wider grill which will before long often be linked to the particular front lights. That will grill can get a couple side to side night clubs produced completely out of stainless steel, this also is another matter the way completely new Pajero looks elegant.
Aside from that, it is destined to be created using light-weight components throughout their shape. In conjunction with that, completely new 2020 Mitsubishi Pajero can without doubt eliminate a considerable amount of kilo. Rear piece of fresh Pajero provides greater taillights which are dispersion just about out of the top of the the particular fender for the roof structure composition. Actually significant taillights which often can enhance their visibility and also with that, their safety likewise. People today lamps, similar to any alternative for fresh Pajero, employ not too long ago created Driven lights which are most sophisticated technological innovation buttocks.
Your interior regarding brand-new 2020 Mitsubishi Pajero is certainly yet another thing precisely why he is can be really widely used compared to their preceding many years. Initially, their music musical instrument table will not be loaded way up with lots of management secrets and also drawer pulls. Feel-display screen is going to be above prior to, and also it can often be wear the core of that. Beside the item, you can discover much more substantial scale temperature oxygen air vents which is often presently there to enable you to create the warmth when you aspiration that within. Your dim shade might be typically throughout, plus it could possibly get him to search elegant compared to prior to. Seats will not be which particular, however it is probably going to be shown air conditioning and also home heating decisions, even just in the primary trim diploma. Each of the features which might be all set for first time 2020 Mitsubishi Pajero are likely to be well intended to often be very simple to cope with.
For this, Mitsubishi provides loaded dialog grips pertaining to a few of the features, in numerous far better clip quantities. With the use of that, it may really help make safety bigger than ever before. Fresh Pajero can really be the ideal choice for greater households, often be happy on this. The truth which the infotainment screen is certainly improperly inserted and appears such as an enhanced item just one will not assist one specific bit. We all generally confront decor you are aware of are usually economical associated with your skin, however are not able to genuinely illustrate to simply by merely being placed in all of them. The primary reason has been turning out to be, the particular cheapness is commonly invisible with a stunning design and also quite a few interesting facts.
So far, engine gadgets for first time 2020 Mitsubishi Pajero may be the most crucial secret for it. We understand simply for quite a few possibilities motors and do not his or her vigor parts. An extremely initial engine which can be inserted within the cover hottest Pajero will probably be 3.-liter energy driven motor which often can sometimes come as easy driver for this particular specific SUV. And then, there could possibly be 3.8-liter V6 MIVEC process, 3.2-liter DOHC and also 2.8-liter turbocharged design being the selection. Though the most wonderful issue pertaining to is certainly sometimes greater secret. It is in reality announced the place which fresh 2020 Mitsubishi Pajero may get presently there by using hybrid engine selection that is the particular legitimate distress for almost all regarding Pajero fanatics.
Regarding drivetrain dilemma, this type of design certainly can have not real 2,4-liter turbo within the vehicle. These particular driver is certainly skilled to provide you some sort of almost all superb production of 133kW as well as 430Nm. In addition, the particular engine contains a good 8-10-tempo intelligent transmission. As well, you will find given multiple-operate generate process which makes it possible for one to pick 2WD simply for on-avenue utilize or possibly a 4WD towards the off-road. However, moreover, you will find a couple of variations to choose from pea gravel, fine sand, soil, alongside rock and roll and also rotate approaches.
The maker has not yet still having said that picture the reliable charges and also recognized release date for this particular specific SUV. Having said that, you will find large likelihood that is announced perfect at the conclusion of the particular 12 many months. Basics MSRP is without question predicted at about $ 40,000.


Gary Smulyan is a jazz musician who plays baritone saxophone. He studied at SUNY before working with Woody Herman. He currently leads a trio with bassist Ray Drummond and drummer Kenny Washington.
Smulyan is also the current baritone saxophonist with the Vanguard Jazz Orchestra, and played with its previous incarnation, the Mel Lewis Big Band. He also plays baritone saxophone with the Dave Holland Big Band and Octet, and the Dizzy Gillespie All Star Big Band, and he has performed and recorded with Carla Bley's Big Band.
Smulyan's biggest influence is Pepper Adams. When Adams died, Smulyan recorded an album entitled Homage, which featured eight pieces composed by Adams. He has recorded additional albums for Criss Cross Jazz, as well as Reservoir Records, including the critically acclaimed "High Noon: The Jazz Soul of Frankie Laine," featuring arrangements by Mark Masters.
Since 2006, Smulyan has served as artistic director at the Berkshire Hills Music Academy in South Hadley, Massachusetts. He and his wife, pianist and conductor Joan Cornachio, live with their family in nearby Amherst.
Smulyan has consistently been ranked as the Number 1 baritone saxophone player in the annual Downbeat Readers and Critics polls. He is considered the standard bearer of his generation for the baritone saxophone.


Frown lines form between the eyebrows due to the fact that muscles in the forehead pull the skin there into the same position every time certain expressions are made. Dysport® at the Naples-based Skin Wellness Physicians works to reduce the look of those wrinkles by causing the muscles to relax for up to four months.
Dr. Daniel Wasserman and Dr. Anne Marie Tremaine perform the injections themselves, administering the prescription cosmetic in just a few minutes per treatment session. Though it is similar to BOTOX®, another muscle-relaxing neuromodulator, Dysport® is a faster acting cosmetic treatment. Patients typically start to see results two to three days after their injections and can return for more once the effects start to fade.
Contact Skin Wellness Physicians about Dysport® in Naples, FL, and Marco Island. Arrange a consultation by sending a message online or calling (239) 732-0044.


FS companies are located in the Midwest and northeastern United States and in Ontario, Canada. Local FS Member Companies provide farm and non-farm customers with fuels, lubricants, propane, plant nutrients, crop protection, seed, structures, equipment, and grain marketing assistance. FS teams deliver unmatched technical expertise and a genuine interest in partnering in our customers' success. FS Crop Specialists act as trusted advisors in day-to-day farm operations. FS Energy Specialists offer reliable heating, fueling and lubrication solutions to farm and non-farm customers.
FS companies are part of the GROWMARK System, and strive to be the best agricultural cooperative system in North America. FS employees are always ready to do more to move operations forward and never stop asking, "What's next?"


Park-Wide Halloween Family Day on Oct. 27 offers a day full of hair-raising activities and free museum admission for kids.
Enjoy Halloween-themed arts and crafts that teach all ages how to live more sustainably. Meet special guest Ivana Waste, an energy vampire who feeds off the electricity of turned-off, plugged-in appliances.
Kids in costume who are accompanied by an adult will receive a free gift while supplies last. Also, enter a drawing to win passports to Balboa Park, Old Town Trolley/Seal Tour tickets, and Junior Theatre tickets to Sound of Music.
Kids can go on a scavenger hunt of the garden and participate in a miniature Japanese dry gardening workshop. Kids in costume will also receive a free gift.
Children can attend a free puppet-making activity at 11:45 a.m. and 1:45 p.m.
Receive a vintage, circa 1900s-style treat bag full of various goodies, including coupons and candy while supplies last. Stick around for mask making and creepy coloring.
Trick your friends into thinking it's 1914! Anyone in costume is welcome to take a photo in the museum's turn-of-the-century "Man in the Moon" photo backdrop.
Toddlers (ages 5 and under) can get crafty and create "Pasta Skeletons" and "Pumpkin Guts" Halloween decorations in the Kid City activity area. The Fleet is also offering $6 IMAX admission for kids participating in Halloween Family Day. Limit two discounted children's IMAX tickets per one full-price paid adult ticket.
Prepare for the pumpkin drop off the museum's roof by making pumpkin parachutes and enjoy kid-friendly 3-D films. Also enjoy a special admission price of $4 to see the How Things Fly exhibition. Pumpkin drop at 2:30 p.m.
Discover your inner car designer with ghost car coloring sheets in the Children's Art Gallery.
Tombstone Trivia tests your knowledge of notorious people and legendary ghosts from San Diego's past in a simulated graveyard setting. The Make-n-Take Pumpkin Treat Bag for the little ones will be filled with treats to take home to eat later.
Take a spooky ride down the Haunted Tracks to learn what an engineer does, hear stories about haunted railroads, and make a Halloween mask.
Use the special search-and-find hangout to discover the many masks and costumes depicted in works of art in the museum's collection.
Grab a flashlight and visit the Critter Cavern to learn about bats and other nocturnal creatures, then join in a costume parade led by Ms. Frizzle following her performance at 1:30 p.m. Also enjoy hands-on activities to create crafts to take home.
To learn about Dia de los Muertos, the Day of the Dead, make a calavera mask or a paper flower to honor friendly spirits, then take a spooky tour of the museum's mummy collection, presented in ghostly rhyme.
On the second floor of the Casa del Prado building, orchestra rehearsals is free and open to the public.
Pins, decals, magazines and Halloween candy will be handed out to everyone at the zoo's booth along the Prado. Free admission to all children through 11 years of age, regardless of adult ticket purchase.
Head to the instrument "petting zoo" where students will demonstrate and teach visitors how to play a variety of instruments. Kids will be treated to free candy while supplies last.
Dress up your dog and join the Dog Costume Parade and Contest at the Lily Pond. First place receives a $25 Spanish Village Gift Certificate. Then decorate goody bags and trick-or-treat at the art studios. Parade at 1 p.m.
Revel in ghostly giggles at a Family Storytelling that will give ages 5 and up "just the teeniest bit of shiver." 11 a.m.
Pick up a Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF box for kids to take along with them as they go trick-or-treating this Halloween. The money they collect will be sent to UNICEF to help children around the world who need clean water, food, school supplies, etc. One free flag per family while supplies last.


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Introduction | Aetiology | Epidemiology | Pathogenesis | Clinical signs | Pathology | Diagnosis | Differential diagnosis | Control | References
M-L PENRITH, J A NESER AND M M HENTON
GENERAL INTRODUCTION: FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC GRAM-NEGATIVE RODS Salmonella spp. infections
Infection of pigs with certain serovars of Salmonella results in clinical disease with important consequences for pig production. Pigs can also act as reservoirs for a wide variety of salmonellas with zoonotic potential, leading to their introduction into the human food chain.14
Porcine salmonellosis usually manifests as septicaemia or enterocolitis in weaned pigs, and can result in serious production losses. Salmonella was first isolated from diseased pigs in 1886 by Salmon and Smith.52 The pigs proved to be suffering from classical swine fever (hog cholera), and it was only when that disease was eradicated from the USA that it was recognized that the bacterium isolated, named Salmonella Choleraesuis, was capable of causing septicaemia in pigs.14, 52 Enterocolitis caused by S. Typhimurium is also well known in pigs, and at present is the most common form of porcine salmonellosis in pigs in Europe, while S. Choleraesuis remains an important cause of disease in the USA.14, 42, 43 Salmonella Choleraesuis was isolated from pigs in outbreaks of suspected African swine fever in South Africa in the first half of the last century,12 but was subsequently, until 2000, only rarely diagnosed in South Africa. Although on average several thousand isolates from all domestic animal species are received annually by the Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute for typing, numbers from pigs are small (Table 153.1). This suggests that porcine salmonellosis as a disease is uncommon in South Africa, and in recent years until 2000 S. Typhimurium has been the most frequent isolate (Table 153.1). However, in 2000, four isolates of S. Choleraesuis were obtained from three farms. Two were separated by a river, but with road access from different areas, and the third was 50 km distant, with ostensibly no contact with the other two. The source of this pig-associated Salmonella infection is unknown, but its occurrence demonstrates the unpredictability of outbreaks and emphasizes the need for laboratory examination of suspect cases.
Salmonellosis in humans, caused by numerous serovars, the most notable of which is S. Typhimurium, is an important food-borne disease. It usually manifests as a severe gastro-intestinal disturbance that may be fatal in older people and children. Increasing concern about the potential of animal products to cause disease in humans has resulted in the institution of quality control programmes that include routine on-farm and abattoir sampling for pathogenic organisms. Salmonellas are commonly isolated from both healthy and diseased pigs, and, unless associated with characteristic clinical signs and lesions, are unlikely to be significant to the health of the pig. However, outbreaks of human salmonellosis have been traced to pork products.10, 14, 38 The problem is compounded by the demonstration of multiple antibiotic resistance among some of the strains commonly isolated.2, 14, 22, 38
For general information on the morphology, physicochemical and other properties of salmonellas, consult the introduction to Salmonella sp. infections.
Most cases of porcine salmonellosis have been associated with S. Choleraesuis or S. Typhimurium. Salmonella Choleraesuis is associated mainly with septicaemia, but pneumonia also occurs as a separate entity.26, 43, 46 Meningoencephalitis may occur in a limited number of cases.43, 50 Infection with S. Typhimurium usually presents as enterocolitis, and rectal strictures, generally as a complication of colitis, have been reported and experimentally confirmed.48, 49 Outbreaks of disease caused by S. Typhisuis have been reported in Europe, Asia and the USA.5, 17, 52 Salmonella Typhisuis does not grow well under standard conditions for culture of salmonellas, and it has therefore been suggested that this organism may be underdiagnosed.52 Salmonella Dublin and S. Enteritidis have been reported from cases of meningitis in suckling pigs.29, 32, 40, 52 Numerous serovars have been isolated from healthy pigs.14
Table 153.1 Salmonella isolates from diseased pigs typed annually at the Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, 1994 to 2000
SEROVAR YEAR TOTAL
S. Typhimurium 0 1 2 2 3 5 1 14
S. Choleraesuis 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3
S. Agona 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 3
S. Dakar 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 2
S. Bradford 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
S. Bispebjerg 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
S. Blockley 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
S. Bovismorbificans 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
S. Aba 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
S. Derby 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
S. Duisberg 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
S. Heidelberg 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
S. Infantis 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
S. Joa 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
S. Nezziona 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
S. Rideau 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
S. Stratford 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
S. Schwartzengründ 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
S. Tennyson 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
TOTAL 0 4 3 8 6 8 8 37
Salmonellas are ubiquitous organisms that have been isolated from virtually every species of vertebrate from which culture has been attempted.52 They are also relatively resistant in the environment, which may consequently remain...


barmouth.net -Volkswagen Taigun 2013 Volkswagen - The latest cars as well as a look at the automotive past with the best Volkswagen pictures.Wikipedia. Der VW Taigun ist ein Sport Utility Vehicle, entwickelt vom deutschen Automobilhersteller Volkswagen. Der Öffentlichkeit wurde der Taigun erstmals Ende 2012 als Konzeptfahrzeug auf dem Internationalen Automobilsalon in São Paulo vorgestellt.Volkswagen golf. The Volkswagen Golf (listen (help · info)) is a compact car produced by the German automotive manufacturer Volkswagen since 1974, marketed worldwide across seven generations, in various body configurations and under various nameplates – such as the Volkswagen Rabbit in the United States and Canada (Mk1 and Mk5), and as the Volkswagen Caribe Volkswagen golf mk7. The Volkswagen Golf Mk7 (also known as the Golf VII) is a compact car, the seventh generation of the Volkswagen Golf and the successor to the Volkswagen Golf Mk6.
8. Sera Ou Sera Pas à Francfort ?
21. Vw Taigun De Série ?


Republican Suffolk County lawmakers are calling for federal oversight of the Suffolk County Police Department after the recently retired chief of department was accused beating a handcuffed suspect and covering it up.
The county legislators also called for Suffolk County Executive Steve Bellone to expand his search for a new police commissioner and questioned the wisdom of nominating Timothy Sini, a former federal prosecutor who most recently served as a deputy county executive, to replace Ed Webber, the retiring police commissioner.
Trotta made the announcement Tuesday during a news conference in reaction to the news Friday that ex-chief James Burke was denied bail after pleading not guilty to violating a suspect's civil rights and conspiracy to obstruct justice. Trotta was flanked by fellow Republican legislators, including Legis. Kevin McCaffrey (R-Lindenhurst), the legislature's GOP minority leader, who recently won re-election over Sini, who was since named deputy Suffolk police commissioner.
Both lawmakers said that Sini might be the right person to be the county's next top cop, but now is not the time for politically connected promotions.
"Political connections should not determine how an investigation goes or who the police commissioner is," agreed Trotta.
Justin Meyers, a Bellone spokesman, called the press conference "a political, partisan attack" and defended Sini.
The call for a federal monitor came two years after the U.S. Department of Justice settled a probe into allegations that the police department turned a blind eye to hate crimes before one left an immigrant dead.


When we are in love we say that we give our heart to our loved one. We see that in Jesus who gave us all of his heart because he gave-up his life for us. There was nothing left to give and when he cried out "it is accomplished" it was to say that he was satisfied that he had given everything so that we could have life eternal. This is the extent of Jesus' love.
The Cross is a doing of love. It is a pulpit of sorts and what we must realise is that what Jesus did is personal. The crucifixion is the manifestation of God's love for each of us individually, personally. The Lord himself is constrained by the fact that he could only give his life once. If possible he would do it again for you, just so that you may comprehend how much you mean to God.
Mother Teresa understood this love very well. Next to every Crucifix in the chapels of the MC's there was an inscription. "I thirst." "I thirst communicates well Jesus' desire or thirst to love us deeply," says Archbishop Joseph Kurtz of Louisville.
Through the merits Jesus' death new life is offered to all. This is a life of profound interior intimacy with God for those who thirst for God. Understood properly, the Passion of Jesus becomes a scene in the greatest ever love story where love conquers every tribulation.
Today we are really celebrating love, not suffering. Jesus' great act of love embraces all and can heal your interior wounds that come about by those times you thought you were not loved. Reflect on that love. Let it heal you and bring wholeness to your life. Let it open your heart to be reconciled to others and to your God.


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communicator —
Communicator ( communicator) wrote,
More on audio books
I've been listening to a lot of audio lately. I just downloaded the BBC radio version of 'The Importance of Being Earnest' (from the early 1950s with John Gielgud as Jack). Frankly I didn't think it was that great. Sorry, but diction in those days was so mannered, and they all sound so old. In fact checking, Gielgud must have been nearly 50, because he was born in 1904. I know this sounds like heresy but I preferred Colin Firth in the recent film, because he came across as a bit of a dork, which made me laugh.
I've looked at the American original of audible.co.uk, and the selection is much better and the prices much lower (not least because a dollar is only worth about 50p these days). But they say they can't offer downloads to the UK - do you think it's worth pretending to be a US-ian? Probably wouldn't work would it, because of my billing address? It's just they've got lots of things I'd like which the British audible don't have. And I don't mean just American books: they've got the Seamus Heaney Beowulf, and two Yeats collections, and the British site doesn't have either.
Anyway, I've just downloaded the Call of Cthulhu, and the complete Shakespeare Sonnets from the Brit site, so I'll see what those are like.
Phew what a scorcher
I see Gove has backed down on climate change and it's back in the curriculum again.
GCSE Computer Science
My book is now for sale
LJ Settings
At the moment I have set up this journal so that only friends can comment. I hate doing this, but I was just getting too much Russian spam.


Escape to The Carrickdale for comfort and indulgence on the Cooley Peninsula. It has a leisure centre, a fitness centre and the therapeutic Serenity Spa.
Note: Map is an approximate indication ONLY. Please contact Carrickdale Hotel & Spa for directions and precise location prior to your visit.


Emeryville Public Market patrons and neighbors have likely noticed the construction activity behind the Market Hall and across from Pacific Park Plaza.
The renovation of the long-anticipated Christie Avenue Park is well underway and will bring needed amenities to the 'Christie Core' neighborhood when complete. The park was designed by Hart Howerton and being built by Plant Construction.
The renovation plans were presented at a special community meeting as well as the Parks and Recreation Committee in 2014. The project was approved by our Planning Commission back in February, 2015 [1:36:28].
The previous "amphitheater" park design failed to attract many visitors and the lack of programming left it sparsely used. The renovated park will include amenities such as children's playground, a fenced off dog park, additional trees and cherished open space.
The Children's park will also feature Aquatic themed elements including a life-sized spruce plywood whale structure designed by Danish studio Monstrum Playgrounds. Monstrum is credited worldwide for pushing playground design away from the cookie-cutter designs that are prevalent and infusing narratives into their designs.
The interior of the Whale play structure (Photo: PublicMarketEmeryville.com).
The whale was custom built and shipped via a freight container and required a crane to lift and position into place. Inside, the whale is equipped with ladders and access to the whale's mouth, teeth and barnacles. Outside, the whale is covered with platforms for climbing including a slide.
The expansion of Christie Park will increase our city's dearth of park space by nearly a half-acre. Recent additions of the Peladeau Park Greenway extension (.4 acres) and the Stanford Park extension (1.74 acres) have increased Emeryville's current tally to just over twenty-five acres.
The Sherwin-Williams project will add an additional three acres to this total when it is completed.
The grand reopening of Cristie park is tentatively set for September 29th.
The renovation will add about half an acre to the existing space increasing its size to 1.27 acres.
This is terrific, and I'm glad it's going ahead. I'm relatively new to Emeryville ('15) but a long time Oaktown resident.
It looks great. How accessible (for children with disabilities) is the playground?
Any more news about who will occupy the New Seasons Market space? Thanks.
A very popular question. All I can tell you is if/whenever this happens, you'll read it here first! In the meantime, subscribe, follow, and (if capable) donate to hyperlocal news.
What are they building right next to the park? The area behind what used to be the New Seasons building? I've been watching it go up, but can't tell what it's supposed to be.