text:
Sia Announces a Huge New Project With Maddie Ziegler
Because the music video trilogy was just the start.
By Alyssa Bailey
Sia and Dance Moms star Maddie Ziegler's powerful music video trilogy, featuring "Chandelier," "Elastic Heart," and "Big Girls Cry," may have ended in April, but their partnership hasn't. Sia announced Ziegler will star in a film she has written and will direct at a Venice Film Festival Q&A, according to The Hollywood Reporter.
"I was too embarrassed to tell anyone I wanted to make a movie because I thought it would be seen as a vanity project because I was a singer," she said. "And then last year, after I made the 'Chandelier' video, I realized that I was pretty good at directing, so I felt a little bit braver."
Friend and author Dallas Clayton helped her write the screenplay for the movie, entitled Sister, that's based off a one-page short story Sia wrote eight years ago. The script was then reviewed by five friends, including Whitney Cummings, Joel Edgerton and Sia's husband Erik Anders Lang, who "gave the best notes, actually."
No word yet on its release or production schedule, but given Sia's past work, we're excited.
Alyssa Bailey Senior News and Strategy Editor Alyssa Bailey is the senior news and strategy editor at ELLE.com, where she oversees coverage of celebrities and royals (particularly Meghan Markle and Kate Middleton).
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When I was a boy growing up on the High Plains of Colorado, entertainment options for us were few and far between. For starters, we had one TV channel, which signed off with the Star Spangled Banner every night at midnight.
Luckily, one show in that channel's programming schedule was roller derby. My brother and I wouldn't miss it. To this day I have no idea which city the girls played in, but I do know that there was plenty of action on that rink: women pushing and shoving, some of them flying over the rail that tried to contain the action. Boys always love watching girls fight, and this was even better: these were grown-up women fighting.
Well, evidently, that version of roller derby was a little like professional wrestling: the violence and drama were choreographed and acted and ramped up for a television audience. I know this because I finally got the chance to see a real roller derby match last night.
The sport has made a comeback in recent years, and a facebook friend of mine (thanks, Teresa) who plays on a Colorado team talked me into going. I gathered up my wife, friends and daughter who was visiting from college for Easter weekend, and we walked over to the Nashville Municipal Auditorium to watch Music City take on Kansas City.
1. Roller Derby tickets cost $8! It's good, cheap family entertainment.
2. Key word is family: These women weren't violent in the least. Not one girl fight. Honestly, I was a little disappointed. I wanted some hair-pulling or body slams or something.
3. Roller Derby concessions serves the biggest beers I've ever seen. 'Can't remember the official ounce-count, but one friend noted that one can of Bud was equal to 2.5 regular-size cans.
4. Know the rules of the game. If you don't understand them, it merely looks like a bunch of girls skating around in a circle. The woman with the star on her helmet is the jammer, and it's this jammer's job to out-lap the members of the opposite team. Each time she does this she makes a point for her team. Meanwhile, her other four team members try to clear the way for her while the opposing team, of course, tries to stop her. What this means is that offensive and defensive plays are going on at the same time. This sport requires ACTIVE watching. Lots going on.
5. The whole thing is wonderfully low-budget and has a homespun feel to it. The clock and scoring was shown via laptop on a projector screen. The cheerleaders: a rag-tag collection of women and men with tattoos, piercings and hair dyed all sorts of colors. They used meager pom-pons that looked like ones bought for a child at a football game.
8. Most impressive was the ending. (Incidentally, Nashville got their clocks cleaned). The women of opposing teams greeted each other with smiles and hand slaps and congratulations, and then they rolled around the rink, hands out, slapping high-fives to everyone in the Suicide Seating section.
So ... Nashville ... looking for someone to play a mascot for y'all? I'm available and interested.
Roller Derby is making a huge comeback. Lots of mad derby love for you Ad! Thanks for spreading the word.
I'm so glad you enjoyed it, and especially glad that you wrote about it! <3 Thanks for supporting your local roller derby!
We LOVE us some roller derby! Great overview for the newbies, though.
Hubby and I got into it a few years back while living in PA. A friend was on a local team there, and now we attend the 'Vette City Roller Derby in Bowling Green. SO much fun!


Annual Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Finnish 2015 Report has been published.
Finland is a competitive and business friendly economy with its well-developed and well-functioning support system for entrepreneurship. As to overall economic performance and business environment Finland is still a prime member of EU countries. Despite the supportive policies and environment for entrepreneurship, positive perceptions on business opportunities and high entrepreneurial potential do not turn into potentially growing and remarkable start-ups and new businesses. Finland has potential entrepreneurs with new ideas and skills, but we still seem to lack the ones who take the initiatives and exploit the opportunities. Moreover, there is a danger that the prolonged economic downturn and the lack of other employment options create increasing amount of entrepreneurs with rather modest aspirations and performance levels, particularly with regard to growth expectations, innovation-orientation and international orientation. Fortunately, in Finland the entrepreneurial employee activity is still at the average level among EU member states although it has declined. Entrepreneurial employees have good perceptions of opportunities and their entrepreneurial skills. This asset is hardly fully exploited in existing organisations and continuous work needs to be directed to those existing organizations.
Finnish governmental policies and regulation are supportive for entrepreneurship. Further, in Finland there is lot of support provided for female entrepreneurs and high growth firms.
However, according to expert opinions Finnish adults are good at spotting opportunities but lack the skills for entrepreneurial activity. ? Adult population in Finland shares the same view with experts: people are good at perceiving business opportunities but their perception of their entrepreneurial skills falls behind. Still, highly educated Finnish adults are more alert to new business opportunities than Finnish adults on average.
Among adult Finns there are constantly a number of adults who perceive that they obtain both suitable opportunities and necessary skills, but who lack the entrepreneurial intentions. The question remains how to harness this potential.


text:
Q: Reference-Type passed by ref to another method does not return with updated values I'm facing the following issue:
I need to make a call from my controller into my domain layer; which calls a web service method that takes in the request by reference (ref).
Controller code:
//BusinessEntityObject is a Reference-Type (BusinessEntity) object
var request = View.BusinessEntityObject;
_workflowService.PerformAction(request);
if(request.Errors.Count != 0)
{
    View.Errors = request.Errors;
    return false;
}

Domain Layer (WorkflowService.cs class):
public void PerformAction(BusinessEntity request)
{
    //TryAction(System.Action action) basically wraps action in try catch and handles exceptions
    TryAction(() =>
             {
                 _wcfClient.RequestSomething(ref request);
             });
}

IF _wcfClient.RequestSomething modifies the Errors collection upon return the request object has this errors updated errors collection. However once control is returned back to the controller & the errors collection is checked, then my updates are gone.
Edit00: ohh and shameless plug, I'm at rep 14 and I've tried to bump up a buch of questions/answers that were useful to me and it says that I can't becuase my level is low.
Edit01:Thanks so much Dylan, see always good to have a site like this to point out very small things one might miss out on. The updated code that returned the value to me looks as follows:
Domain Layer (WorkflowService.cs class):
public BusinessEntity PerformAction(BusinessEntity request)
{
    //TryAction(System.Action action) basically wraps action in try catch and handles exceptions
    TryAction(() =>
             {
                 _wcfClient.RequestSomething(ref request);
                 return request;
             });
}

A: When you pass an object over to a WCF service it is serialized, sent across the wire, then deserialized on the server.  Passing it "by ref" doesn't change anything in this case, if the server makes changes to it, it will not be sent back to the caller.  Only the return value of the WCF call is serialized and sent back.
I would suggest, if you need the WCF service to return any data you package it up into the return value.

A: You're missing a ref modifier on your PerformAction method.
public void PerformAction(ref BusinessEntity request)
{
    TryAction(() => _wcfClient.RequestSomething(ref request));
}

However, making this change will prevent your code from compiling. You'll get the following error:

Cannot use ref or out parameter 'request' inside an anonymous method,
  lambda expression, or query expression

You'll have to do something like this to make it work:
public void PerformAction(ref BusinessEntity request)
{
    var r = request;
    TryAction(() => _wcfClient.RequestSomething(ref r));
    request = r;
}

All up it seems a bit flakey passing the request by reference. It would be better to return a new (or the same) instance and do an assignment at the outer level.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Syllepte monoleuca is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1912. It is found in Papua New Guinea.

The wingspan is about 28 mm. The forewings are uniform black brown with a cupreous tinge. The hindwings are black brown with a cupreous tinge, with a rather quadrate white spot beyond the lower angle of the cell.

References

Moths described in 1912
monoleuca
Moths of New Guinea

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Hotel Library Presidency Mussoorieis found in the centre associated with city. Surrounded by tall trees that are green this hotel offers homely rooms and a tranquil atmosphere to its patrons. The host of business and leisure facilities get this hotel ideal selection for all the travellers.
Hotel Library Presidency Mussoorieoffer enjoyable and haassle-free holiday experience. The hotel offers conference services, that could be availed by business guests. Laundry, parking, power back up and room service will be the facilities that are basic. The disco that is in-house music and laser lights is sure to recharge every guests stay as the game room is perfect for recreation. Delicious vegetarian and vegetarian that is non are served because of the in-house restaurant from Maharashtrian and North Indian cuisine that may savoured during the stay.
Hotel Library Presidency Mussoorie offers Early Check-in and Late Check-out on Request Basis but How Ever Hotel Has Check-in 10:00-PM and 10:00-PM For More Information about Hotel Library Presidency Mussoorie Please Call To Our Reservation Team.
Hotel Library Presidency Mussoorie is Placed at Kempty Stand, Library, Mussoorie, Uttarakhand 248179. Hotel Library Presidency has 2 Story Building and 22 decent rooms.
Hotel Library Presidency , Mussoorie The primary guest must be at least 18 years of age to be able to check-in the hotel.
Hotel Library Presidency Mussoorie Photos - Check Photos and VIdeos Reviews of Hotel Library Presidency Mussoorie.


text:
Aphaereta breviterebrata is een insect dat behoort tot de orde vliesvleugeligen (Hymenoptera) en de familie van de schildwespen (Braconidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Samiuddin & Ahmad in 2008.

breviterebrata


text:
Q: Relay subscriptions not working with react-native I'm using Express Graphql server with react native and Relay. My device does connects to the subscription but it does not subscribe to it. Here's my index.js on the server
const subscriptionServer = SubscriptionServer.create(
  {
    execute,
    subscribe,
    schema,
    onOperation: (message, params, webSocket) => {
      console.log(params)
      return params;
    },
    onConnect: () => {
      // My device does connects
      console.log("client connected")
    }
  },
  {
    server,
    path: '/subscriptions'
  },
);

app.use('/graphql', graphqlHTTP({
  schema,
  graphiql: true
}));

app.use('/graphiql', graphiqlExpress({
  endpointURL: '/graphql',
  subscriptionsEndpoint: `ws://127.0.0.1:8080/subscriptions`
}));

server.listen(PORT, ()=> {
  console.log("Groceries running on port " + PORT)
  console.log(
    `subscriptions is now running on ws://localhost:${PORT}/subscriptions'}`
  );
});

The resolver for subscription on the server, it was quite troublesome to figure out since everyone is using executable schema from apolloGraphql.
export default {
  type: OrderEdges,
  args: {
     ShopId: {type: GraphQLID},
  },
  subscribe: withFilter(() => pubsub.asyncIterator('orderConfirmed'), (payload, variables) => {
    console.log(payload)
    console.log(variables)
    return payload.orderConfirmed.node.ShopId == variables.ShopId;
  }),
}

Now the react-native client. My subscription setup with relay environment.
const setupSubscriptions = (config, variables, cacheConfig, observer) => {
  const query = config.text; //does console logs the query
  const subscriptionClient = new SubscriptionClient(`ws://192.168.0.100:8080/subscriptions`, {reconnect:true});
  subscriptionClient.request({query, variables}, (err, result) => {
    console.log(err) // doesn't get call inside the request method
    observer.onNext(data:result)
  })
}

My subscription method,
export default function() {
  const variables = {
    ShopId: shop.getShop()[0].id
  }
  requestSubscription(
  environment,
  {
    subscription,
    variables,
    onCompleted: (res, err) => {
      console.log(res)
      console.log(err)
    },
    updater: (store) => {...},
    onError: error => console.error(error),
    onNext: (response) => {console.log(response)}
  });

}

the component where I'm calling to subscribe,
import subscription from '../../GraphQLQueries/subscriptions/orderConfirmed';

class OrdersBox extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
  }

  componentDidMount() {
    //initializing subscription
    orderSubscriptions();
  }

When the device starts the app, my device is connected to the web socket as I can see the console.log statement inside the onConnect method in SubscriptionServer. But when the payload is published after a mutation, the subscribe method doesn't get called. I can't seem to figure out what I'm doing wrong. Maybe it's some react-native specific config that I'm missing cuz everything seems to work fine when I test it on graphiql.
I can't find any example of react-native and relay subscriptions used with express graphql.
note: Everything is working when I use subscription with graphiql. But not with react-native and relay.
Thanks in advance guys
....

A: I wasn't returning the subscriptionClient.request method. Adding a return statement solved the problem. You don't have to return when using subscribe method in subscriptions-transport-ws@0.8.3. But version 0.9.1 replaces the subscribe function with request which does require it to return.

A: try:
function setupSubscription(config, variables, cacheConfig, observer) {
  const query = config.text;

  const subscriptionClient = new SubscriptionClient(websocketURL, {
    reconnect: true
  });

  const client = subscriptionClient.request({ query, variables }).subscribe({
    next: result => {
      observer.onNext({ data: result.data });
    },
    complete: () => {
      observer.onCompleted();
    },
    error: error => {
      observer.onError(error);
    }
  });

  return {
    dispose: client.unsubscribe
  };
}

subscriptions-transport-ws@0.9.1


On this episode of What's Next, Jackie Ross discusses Major League Quidditch and increasing gender equity within the sport with MLQ Human Resources Director Lisle Coleman.
Lisle started her quidditch career in 2012 playing for the University of Rochester while in undergrad where she eventually served as captain and as a member of the team's executive board. After graduating in 2015, she joined the MLQ team the Rochester Whiteout, and a year later joined the governing body as their HR director.
She earned a Bachelor's in Public Health and Anthropology, and after college worked with Americorps and learned about capacity building. She now works as an intake coordinator at the Bivona Child Advocacy Center, which delivers excellence in child sexual abuse response, healing, and prevention through collaborative service, awareness, education, and leadership.
March 21, 2019 in Jackie Ross, Podcasts, What's Next?.


Learning to play guitar lefthanded.
These images show some of my guitars.You may notice they are lefthanded.
In my opinion, and it is just my opinion! I recommend students buy a left handed guitar from the outset.
If you need a classical lefty at a good price, check out Alhambra, Takamine, Hokada, Lag or Dean guitars, also take a look at Pavanguitars.com.
If price is not an issue, Luthiers such as Carrillo, Cashimira and Contreras build high end guitars to order.
When starting out, many students, or more usually parents, are concerned about the cost of buying their first guitar.
There is nothing wrong buying a cheap second hand right handed guitar, especially an acoustic. But you have got to restring it lefthanded. Just as I did when I started out.
This would not have any noticable effect on quality of sound. If you make progress and decide to upgrade to a better guitar, then would be the time to see what the left handed market has to offer.
But bear in mind, there are numerous lefthanded electric and acoustic guitar packages available.
Whilst we may not have the same market choice as right handed guitarists, there are still plenty of models to choose from at all price points.
Is the guitar you intend to buy the correct type?
Probably best to not buy a classical if you want to play Greenday or Metallica, any more than you should buy an electric if you want to play flamenco guitar.
So! Purchase a lefthanded guitar, but do not restring it upside down.
Do not buy a right handed guitar and play upside down.
And most importantly. Do not be pressured by salespeople. If it doesn't feel right, leave it for another day.
And finally. I have seen numerous publications of left handed guitar books. Whilst I have never purchased these books, I wonder how useful they are! I read music and tab the same way as everyone else.
So why would I want to look at something back to front? After all, we all read books and newspapers the same way.
I cant help thinking these books may help the beginner learn a basic chord or two, but you would only have to adjust to the 'normal' way later on as you progress to more demanding pieces of music.
There is a tremendous amount of printed tab, lyrics and notation available, often with chord boxes printed out to show you what shape chord to play.
I have yet to see music and tab printed left handed. I'm tempted to stay with convention!
I think trying to adjust to right handed chord symbols after spending time learning them back to front, may very well confuse me.
Lefties can have fun too!


Escondido, CA – Jazz duo MandoBasso will perform at Escondido Public Library on Saturday, May 14, 2016 at 3:00 p.m. in the Turrentine Room. The duo features Emmy award-winning composer Bill Bradbury on mandolin and Gunnar Biggs on bass. Their performances include original compositions, classical music, jazz, and ragtime. For more information on MandoBasso, visit their website: http://www.williambradburymusic.com.
Following the May concert, the 2nd Saturday Concert Series will take a hiatus until next fall. The annual Summer Reading Challenge for kids, teens, and adults runs from June 13 to July 31, 2016 and provides ample opportunities for community members of all ages to Exercise Your Mind through free educational, recreational, and cultural programs. Log reading online for a chance to earn prizes. For more information about the Summer Reading Challenge visit library.escondido.org/summer or contact Librarian David Frazee at 760-839-4839.
The 2nd Saturday Concert Series is free, open to the public, and generously sponsored by Friends of the Escondido Public Library. Escondido Public Library is located at 239 South Kalmia Street, Escondido, CA 92025.
Escondido, CA – Escondido Writers Group meets at the Escondido Public Library on Tuesday, May 3, 2016 from 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. in the Turrentine Room. Writers of fiction, non-fiction, and memoirs are all invited to join the Escondido Writers Group for an opportunity to improve their writing by participating in monthly readings and group critiques. Participants are encouraged to bring samples of their current writing projects to share and receive constructive feedback. Pre-registration is required, please register at library.escondido.org/register.
Escondido, CA - Rincón Literario (The Literary Corner), Escondido Public Library's Bilingual Book Discussion Group, will meet on Saturday, April 23, 2016, from 3:30 – 4:45 p.m. in the Turrentine Room. Senior Library Associate Cecy Rayphole will lead the discussion of this month's classic selection, El Conde de Montecristo/The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexandre Dumas in both English and Spanish. Copies of the book are available for check out and may be reserved in the Library catalog at library.escondido.org.
Young merchant sailor Edmond Dantès is successful, well-liked, and engaged to be married when he is suddenly accused of treason and sentenced to life in prison. While in prison, Dantès befriends Abbé Faria, an old priest who teaches Dantès the arts of language, culture, and science, and tells Dantès about a hidden treasure. When Faria passes away, Dantès makes plans to escape from jail, find the treasure, and seek revenge on those responsible for his imprisonment.
Rincón Literario will meet next month, on Saturday May 21, 2016 to discuss Nunca me abandones/Never Let Me Go by Kazuo Ishiguro.
Escondido, CA – Escondido Public Library's Burritos & Book Club for teens, ages 13 to 18, meets on Saturday, May 7, 2016, in the Turrentine Room from 1:00 p.m. to 2:30 p.m. A Girl Called Fearless, by Catherine Linka, is the selected title and copies are available for checkout at the Library's Information Desk or can be reserved using the Library's online catalog at library.escondido.org. Students can also check out copies from the school libraries at Escondido High School, San Pasqual High School, and Orange Glen High School. The highlight of this month's Book Club is a guest appearance by author Catherine Linka, who will discuss her book and answer questions.
A romantic, thought-provoking, and frighteningly real story, A Girl Called Fearless takes place ten years after a synthetic hormone in beef has killed fifty million American women. Avie is living the normal life of a privileged teen, dreaming about her future and what she'll make of her life. Her father, in a desperate effort to save his struggling company, has contracted Avie in marriage to a much older and very powerful man. Now her only two choices are to either be trapped in a marriage with a controlling politician or run across the border to Canada, leaving behind her best friend Yates. As her feelings for Yates develop into something more than friendship, the decision to leave becomes more difficult, but staying could cost her life.
In addition to discussing A Girl Called Fearless, teens can share their opinions and ideas about other books they have enjoyed and propose titles for the next Burritos & Book Club meeting. The selected book will be discussed at the next meeting on Wednesday, July 6, 2016. Complimentary burritos will be provided, and all participants receive a free book or audiobook at the end of the program.
Escondido, CA – Escondido Public Library will host a Star Wars May the 4th Be With You program on Wednesday, May 4, 2016 from 3:30-5:30 p.m. This interactive event for all ages celebrates the Star Wars culture in books and cinema.
Children and adults are encouraged to wear Star Wars themed costumes and participate in a contest which will begin at 5:00 p.m. Special guests from the international Star Wars costume enthusiasts' organization, the 501st Legion, will be dressed in authentic Star Wars regalia to provide character meet-and-greets. Bring your camera for this unique photo opportunity! Additional activities include craft stations, an interactive lightsaber workshop, and a costume parade through the Library led by the 501st Legion.
Escondido Public Library is located at 239 South Kalmia Street in Escondido. All Library programs are free and open to the public. This program is sponsored by Friends of the Escondido Public Library.Registration is not required, but early arrival is encouraged as space and supplies may be limited. For more information about the Star Wars May the 4th Be With You program, contact Adult Services Librarian, Monica Barrette, at 760-839-4836 or at mbarrette@escondido.org. Additional information about the Library's programs can be found at library.escondido.org.
Escondido, CA – Escondido Public Library will celebrate El Día de los Niños, El Día de los Libros (Children's Day, Book Day) on Thursday, April 28, 2016, from 3:30—5:00 p.m. in the Turrentine Room. This interactive program with storytelling and crafts connects families and children of all ages to books and reading, and celebrates the diversity of cultures in our community.
El Día, as it is commonly known, is inspired by Mexico's annual El Día del Niño (Day of the Child) and serves as an introduction to the rich family traditions preserved in the Latin community. It is also a nationally recognized initiative, especially celebrated by libraries, that emphasizes the importance of literacy for all children from all backgrounds. The program encourages parents to celebrate their children by making a daily commitment to promoting reading at home. Escondido Public Library's program will feature storytime beginning at 3:30 p.m., followed by a variety of craft stations for puppet-making, tissue paper flower creation, water color painting, and chalk art.
Escondido Public Library is located at 239 South Kalmia Street in Escondido. All Library programs are free and open to the public and this program is sponsored by Friends of the Escondido Public Library. Registration is not required, but early arrival is encouraged as space and craft supplies may be limited. For more information about the El Día de los Niños, El Día de los Libros program, contact Senior Library Associate, Cecy Rayphole, at 760-839-4289 or at crayphole@escondido.org. Additional information about the Library's programs can be found at library.escondido.org.
Escondido, CA - String quartet Quartetto Sorrento will perform at the Escondido Public Library on Saturday, April 9, 2016 at 3:00 p.m. in the Turrentine Room. Violinists Paula Simmons, Ondrei Lewitt, Michael Dvoskin and cellist Gordon Grubbs perform classical music by composers ranging from Haydn and Mozart to Shostakovich, Debussy, and Thompson. Learn more about Quartetto Sorrento at http://theviolinshopsandiego.com/quartetto-sorrento/. The 2nd Saturday Concert Series runs through May 2016 and features an array of classical, jazz, and other diverse musical styles. May's concert presents bass and mandolin duo MandoBasso.
Escondido, CA – National Library Week is celebrated April 10 to 16, 2016, to raise awareness of the resources, programs, and services offered by libraries everywhere. Escondido Public Library extends this celebration throughout April with its own National Library Month, showcasing special programs and services offered to the community. The Library offers endless opportunities to access information and technology that enhance learning, nurture the love of reading, and enrich lives.
April 2, 2016, 9:00 a.m. - April Pools Day - Join Library and Recreation staff at James A. Stone Pool (131 Woodward Ave, Escondido) for a free water safety expo.
April 5, 2016, 1:00 p.m. - Escondido Writers Group - Aspiring writers share samples of their work and receive constructive feedback at this new monthly workshop.
April 9, 2016, 3:00 p.m. - 2nd Saturday Concert Series Presents: Quartetto Sorrento, a classical string quartet.
April 13, 2016, 10 a.m. - National Bookmobile Day - participate in pop-up programs for all ages throughout the day in the Library's parking lot.
April 28, 2016, 3:30 p.m. - Día de los Ninos, Día de los Libros (Children's Day, Book Day) Celebration with music, storytelling, and crafts honoring children families, books, and reading.
Escondido Public Library is located at 239 South Kalmia Street in Escondido. Library programs are free, open to the public, and sponsored by Friends of the Escondido Public Library. For more information about Library programming celebrating National Library Month, contact Principal Librarian Joanna Axelrod at 760-839-4330 or at jaxelrod@escondido.org. Additional information about the Library's programs can be found at library.escondido.org.
Escondido, CA – Escondido Writers Group meets for the first time at the Escondido Public Library on Tuesday, April 5, 2016 from 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. in the Turrentine Room. Writers of fiction, non-fiction and memoirs are all invited to join the Escondido Writers Group for an opportunity to improve their writing by participating in monthly readings and group critiques. Participants are encouraged to bring samples of their current writing projects to share and receive constructive feedback. Pre-registration is required, please register at library.escondido.org/register.
Escondido Writers Group is free and open to the public. For more information about future Escondido Writers Group meetings and other Library programs, visit library.escondido.org or contact Cecy Rayphole, Senior Library Associate, at 760-839-4289 or at crayphole@escondido.org. Escondido Public Library is located at 239 South Kalmia Street in downtown Escondido.
Escondido, CA - Escondido Public Library invites adult readers to join the 2nd Tuesday Book Club meeting on April 12, 2016 at 6:00 p.m. in the Turrentine Room. This month's selection is The Bees by Laline Paull. Copies of the book are available for check out and may be reserved in the Library catalog at library.escondido.org.
Told from the perspective of Flora 717, a lowly sanitation bee, The Bees challenges the way we see the world. Flora's unusual ability to move easily amongst varying levels of the strict caste system empowers her to question the status quo and challenge the Queen's authority. Thrilling, suspenseful and spectacularly imaginative, The Bees introduces us to a dazzling young heroine.
The 2nd Tuesday Book Club continues on May 10, 2016 with Rebecca by Daphne du Maurier. The selection for June 14, 2016 is Code Talker: The First and Only Memoir by One of the Original Navajo Code Talkers of WWII by Chester Nez. This title was selected for the 2016 Adult Summer Challenge theme of Exercise Your Mind! Library programs are generously sponsored by Friends of the Escondido Public Library and are free to the public. Escondido Public Library is located at 239 South Kalmia Street in downtown Escondido. For more information about the 2nd Tuesday Book Club visit library.escondido.org or contact Adult Services Librarian Monica Barrette at 760-839-4836.


text:
Tutorial: Contemporary Peer Code Review in Scientific Software Development
Presenters - Jeffrey Carver & Nasir Eisty (Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama, USA)
Date & Time - October 29, 2018 at 8:30 to 12:00
Tutorial Slides
Venue - 14the eScience IEEE International Conference (Amsterdam, The Netherlands)
Contemporary peer code review is a lightweight, asynchronous, tool-supported method for ensuring the quality, maintainability, and sustainability of software. While this approach has been useful in the development of traditional software, it is underutilized in the development of scientific HPC software. Because the complexity of scientific HPC software makes testing difficult, peer code review is a good option. Under the umbrella of Software Engineering for Science https://se4science.org/ and supported by the Better Scientific Software http://BSSw.io initiative, this tutorial introduces eScience developers (and students) to the concepts of code review and its tool support. The tutorial will begin with a general introduction to code review, a more specific discussion of the unique nature of scientific code review, and an overview of avaiable tool support. Then, tutorial attendees will participate in hands-on exercises to practice tool-supported code review. We will conclude the tutorial with a group discussion about best practices for performing scientific code review.
Tutorial Goals
Help participants learn about the practice and tools associated with contemporary peer code review.
Help participants learn how tool-based contemporary code review differs from code reviews based upon mailing lists or pull request.
Help participants begin to understand how contemporary code review can be applied to the development of eScience software.
Targeted Audience
Developers of eScience software who are interested in learning how to use tool-supported peer code review to improve the quality and maintainability of their software.
Students who are still learning the process of writing effective eScience software.
Audience Prerequisites
Laptop with command line tools for git installed
Github account
Overview of "Hands-on" Exercises
Participants will follow along with the presenter to learn the use of a code review tool.
Participants will set-up their own GitHub account to work with the code review tool.
Participants will use the code review tool to request a code review and to perform a code review.
Attendee Benefits
Learn how to employ contemporary code review on their own projects.
Use of code review will improve scientific results in the short term (through higher quality software) and in the longer term (through development of more maintaiable and sustainable software).
8:30 - Introductions
8:45 - Background Lecture on Contemporary Peer Code Review
9:30 - Gerrit Tutorial
10:15 - Code Review Task 1 (dayOfYear.java)
10:30 - Coffee Break
11:00 - Q/A From Code Review Task 1
11:10 - Code Review Task 2 (leapYear.java)
11:50 - Overview of other code review tools
12:05 - Feedback survey and Discussion
12:30 - Lunch
Zip file of code
If you have any questions, please contact Jeffrey Carver.
Updates of this tutorial will be published at https://se4science.org/tutorials/ and at @SE4Science on Twitter.
Conference registration information is available at https://www.escience2018.com/.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
New Isobel Campbell and Mark Lanegan video and LP
animals, suzanne ciani, The Fontaines
Chamber pop goddess Isobel Campbell and former Screaming Trees frontman Mark Lanegan are at it again with their third collaborative LP.
The album, entitled Hawk, will be released August 24 on Vanguard Records. The album is produced by Isobel herself and all the arrangements are also by her. It was produced in multiple locations including Texas, Louisiana, Arizona, Los Angeles, Denmark, and her native Glasgow and includes guest appearances by former Smashing Pumpkins guitarist James Iha and erstwhile British chat-topper and Martha's Vinyard native Willy Mason.
The album is available to stream for free right now on Facebook, the only catch being that you have to click the "Like" button on Isobel Campbell's Facebook page.
If you don't feel like professing your "like" of Isobel Campbell for all your friends and family to see, then you can just watch the video for the first single "You Won't Let Me Down Again", an atmospheric montage of cheap motels, country roads, pistols, and vintage cars. I might also add that Isobel is looking like a total babe in it.
PrevPreviousSame hiatus, new Stereolab album
NextOSA pulls the plug on Jelly Pool PartiesNext


Robert Reich takes a take an in-depth look at antitrust laws in the United States and explains how corporate giants have come to dominate the American economy and politics.
When a transparent facsimile of Amazon or Facebook or Google pops up in the movie you've devoted Friday night to watching, it attracts a wider audience and can distill more recognizable fears.
An early expression of democracy, the US patent system is out of step with today's citizens.


All my scanned pages have random dot one pixel size which caused the OCR engine to fail. The original pages were destroyed so rescanning is not an option. Please help me remove these random dots using PS. I have CC with Lightrooms and PS but am really a newbie. Also can this be automated as i have about 300 scanned pages. Many thanks.
You just saved my life. Thank you. I had to convert all the TIFF pages to JPG and learn action (macros) for the first time and was able to DE-NOISE the images and save the files back to TIFF format. Again. Thank you.


text:
Кенсі́ () — муніципалітет у Франції, у регіоні Центр-Долина Луари, департамент Шер. Населення —  осіб (2011).

Муніципалітет розташований на відстані близько 195 км на південь від Парижа, 90 км на південь від Орлеана, 19 км на захід від Буржа.

Демографія

Розподіл населення за віком та статтю (2006):

Економіка

У 2010 році в муніципалітеті числилось 343 оподатковані домогосподарства, у яких проживали 840,0 особи, медіана доходів виносила  євро на одного особоспоживача

Посилання

 Кенсі на сайті французького Національного інституту географії
 [ Розташування муніципалітету Кенсі на мапі Франції та сусідні муніципалітети]

Див. також
 Список муніципалітетів департаменту Шер

Примітки

Муніципалітети департаменту Шер


Hi everyone, today I'm here for Craftie Cafe and I have a new baby card to share with you all. I'll be using the Lion and Tigers stamp set by My Favorite Things along with the Essential Greetings stamp set also by MFT for my sentiment, since the Lion and Tigers set isn't aimed for baby themed cards.
To begin my card today I first stamped three of my lion images onto some masking paper. I then fussy cut them out using some fine detail scissors. I then used a stitched rectangle die and cut out a piece of white cardstock. Then stamped the smallest lion first, added a mask on top, stamped the lion on the right, added a mask on top and then stamped the final lion on the left and added the mask over top. Then, I used another piece of masking paper, cut a hill shape and adhered it onto the bottom of my panel, underneath the lions feet. I then used Broken China, Tumbled Glass and Salty Ocean to blend the sky. Next I removed the hill mask, applied the negative piece of the mask and used Twisted Citron and Mowed Lawn to blend the grass. Once I blended my grass, I removed all the masks and used my Copic Markers to colour my lions.
Now that all my colouring was done, I cut down a piece of Perfectly Plaid Rainbow Patterned Paper from Lawn Fawn and covered my card base. I then used foam tape along the back of my panel and adhered it horizontally onto a vertical card – there is a little over hang, but I like this look a lot better than on a horizontal card. I then used the Essential Sentiments stamp set and white heat embossed 'Welcome, Little One' onto a thin strip of black cardstock. I then mounted that onto the top of my panel with more foam tape and that finished up my card for today. This card was super fast to make!
Thanks so much for stopping by today, I hope you enjoyed.


text:
Marine fish may be biochemically constrained from inhabiting the deepest ocean depths
Paul H. Yancey, Mackenzie E. Gerringer, Jeffrey C. Drazen, Ashley A. Rowden, and Alan Jamieson
PNAS March 25, 2014 111 (12) 4461-4465; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1322003111
Paul H. Yancey
aBiology Department, Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA 99362;
For correspondence: yancey@whitman.edu
Mackenzie E. Gerringer
aBiology Department, Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA 99362;bDepartment of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822;
Jeffrey C. Drazen
bDepartment of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822;
Ashley A. Rowden
cNational Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington 6021, New Zealand; and
Alan Jamieson
dOceanlab, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Newburgh, Aberdeenshire AB41 6AA, United Kingdom
Edited by George N. Somero, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, and approved February 7, 2014 (received for review November 23, 2013)
Fish appear to be absent from the ocean's greatest depths, the trenches from 8,400–11,000 m. The reason is unknown, but hydrostatic pressure is suspected. We propose that the answer is the need for high levels of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO, common in many marine animals), a potent stabilizer capable of counteracting the destabilization of proteins by pressure. TMAO is known to increase with depth in bony fishes (teleosts) down to 4,900 m. By capturing the world's second-deepest known fish, the hadal snailfish Notoliparis kermadecensis from 7,000 m, we find that they have the highest recorded TMAO contents, which, moreover, yield an extrapolated maximum for fish at about 8,200 m. This is previously unidentified evidence that biochemistry may constrain depth for a large taxonomic group.
No fish have been found in the deepest 25% of the ocean (8,400–11,000 m). This apparent absence has been attributed to hydrostatic pressure, although direct evidence is wanting because of the lack of deepest-living species to study. The common osmolyte trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) stabilizes proteins against pressure and increases with depth, going from 40 to 261 mmol/kg in teleost fishes from 0 to 4,850 m. TMAO accumulation with depth results in increasing internal osmolality (typically 350 mOsmol/kg in shallow species compared with seawater's 1,100 mOsmol/kg). Preliminary extrapolation of osmolalities of predicted isosmotic state at 8,000–8,500 m may indicate a possible physiological limit, as greater depths would require reversal of osmotic gradients and, thus, osmoregulatory systems. We tested this prediction by capturing five of the second-deepest known fish, the hadal snailfish (Notoliparis kermadecensis; Liparidae), from 7,000 m in the Kermadec Trench. We found their muscles to have a TMAO content of 386 ± 18 mmol/kg and osmolality of 991 ± 22 mOsmol/kg. These data fit previous extrapolations and, combined with new osmolalities from bathyal and abyssal fishes, predict isosmotic state at 8,200 m. This is previously unidentified evidence that biochemistry could constrain the depth of a large, complex taxonomic group.
deep-sea
piezolyte
chemical chaperone
osmoregulation
All known marine organisms are vertically constrained within distinct bathymetric strata (1, 2). The factors that set these limitations remain elusive, as the effects of temperature, pressure, salinity, oxygen, and food supply are often covarying and difficult to disentangle at the species level (1, 3). The most conspicuous environmental gradient in the sea is hydrostatic pressure, which increases by 10 atm (about 1 MPa) per 100 m, reaching ∼1,000 atm or 100 MPa in the deepest environment, the hadal zone (6,000–11,000 m, primarily in the tectonic trenches). Identifying the effects of hydrostatic pressure on bathymetric zonation of all individual deep-sea species is currently an unrealistic task; however, examining trends across large groups of species, for example, ray-finned bony fishes (Actinopterygii, infraorder Teleostei), is practical. With scientific investigations now reaching full ocean depth (4), some of the extreme depth limits for life in the marine biosphere are emerging. Two of these limits, founded on historical databases of net captures and recent observational data, are the absence of elasmobranchs (sharks, etc.) from below about 4,000 m (5) and the absence of all fishes including teleosts from below about 8,400 m. Moreover, only two teleost families [snailfish (Liparidae) and cusk-eels (Ophidiidae)] have been found below about 6,000 m (see Discussion for more details) (6⇓–8). Although the elasmobranch limit has been attributed to energy limits (5), the apparent ultimate 8,400-m limit for all fish does not appear to correlate with any environmental factor (e.g., energy, oxygen, temperature, predators) except for pressure (6).
Hydrostatic pressure can have large inhibitory effects on cellular structures, including proteins. Proteins from deep-sea organisms have been found to have structural adaptations that confer some pressure resistance (9, 10). Such genetic adaptations might limit a species' depth range, as proteins adapted to a particular pressure range do not work well at other pressures. Even with such adaptations, many proteins from deep species still retain significant levels of pressure sensitivity in vitro (9, 11⇓⇓–14). Recently, another mechanism for pressure adaptation has been hypothesized involving "piezolytes" (11, 15): small organic solutes that counteract the effects of pressure on proteins, potentially allowing proteins to work over greater depth ranges but possibly also constraining species depths if regulation of these solutes is limited (11, 13⇓⇓⇓–17). Piezolytes are solutes first discovered as organic osmolytes (intracellular chemical effectors that prevent osmotic water loss). Most marine invertebrates are osmoconformers with internal osmolalities about the same as seawater, about 1,100 mOsmol/kg at 35 ppt; however, whereas extracellular fluids are dominated by NaCl, cells accumulate organic osmolytes to achieve osmotic balance. In many shallow-living marine invertebrate taxa, these osmolytes are neutral amino acids such as glycine and taurine and methylamines such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) (18).
Inorganic ions are not elevated intracellularly above basal levels to serve as osmolytes because they perturb macromolecules; in contrast, organic osmolytes are said to be "compatible" (nonperturbing). However, beyond simple compatibility, many of theses solutes have protective properties (18, 19). In particular, TMAO is a potent protein stabilizer that is able to counteract the effects of destabilizers, including temperature and urea, and to enhance protein folding in general (18⇓–20). The latter property has led to the term "chemical chaperone" for TMAO and related stabilizers, with potential medical and biotechnological applications (21). Importantly, TMAO (but not glycine or other common osmolytes) has been found to counteract the effects of hydrostatic pressure on cnidarian, fish, and mammalian enzyme kinetics and protein stability, as well as on yeast growth (11⇓⇓–14, 19). The latest study suggests that TMAO alters water structure in a way that reduces the tendency of pressure to force water molecules into protein interiors (22).
We propose that this property of TMAO is highly relevant to the distribution of teleost fishes in the deep sea. Although most marine organisms are osmoconformers, most vertebrates are osmoregulators, using osmoregulatory organs to maintain a relatively homeostatic internal osmolality. These vertebrates are very hypoosmotic to seawater (e.g., shallow marine teleost fishes have internal osmolalities around 350 mOsmol/kg and only low levels of organic osmolytes, mainly TMAO at 40–50 mOsmol/kg) (11). Deep-sea teleosts, however, have only recently been found to violate this textbook characterization of fishes because they exhibit a striking correlation between TMAO and depth of capture: Muscle TMAO contents among numerous species and families of teleosts were found to increase up to 261 mmol/kg at 4,850 m, concomitantly raising internal osmolalities (11, 13, 16, 17). Moreover, a preliminary extrapolation of osmolalities with depth predicted that teleosts would become isosmotic with seawater at 8,000–8,500 m (6, 17), which corresponds very closely with the apparent depth limit for teleosts noted earlier. To live deeper would require TMAO contents above isosmotic levels, necessitating significant physiological reorganization of osmoregulatory systems because the fish would be hyperosmotic, rather than isosmotic or hypoosmotic. Species that can switch (as salmon during migration) between hyper- and hypoosmotic states are not common and typically require extended time to acclimatize. We propose that it is unlikely that a hadal fish could evolve the ability to migrate down a trench slope and then wait for hours or days at 8,400 m while altering physiological systems for hyperosmotic regulation to migrate deeper (see Discussion for more details).
In this study, we set out to test two hypotheses: the piezolyte hypothesis, that TMAO is needed in teleosts down to their greatest depths, and the depth-limit hypothesis, which predicts that TMAO accumulation results in a physiological osmotic maximum near the observed depth limit for fishes. To test these hypotheses, we obtained a variety of deep-sea teleosts from a greater variety of species and depths than used in previous studies and analyzed TMAO contents and osmolalities of dorsal white muscle tissue. In part, we used frozen tissues from bathyal and abyssal species originally collected for another study (23) in Monterey Bay, California, between 493 and 3,200 m: eelpouts (zoarcids), grenadiers (macrourids), a morid from 3 different depths, and a snailfish (liparid).
However, the most important new data were obtained from new specimens from the hadal zone. After several attempts with a free-fall, retrievable baited trap deployed from a surface vessel, we successfully caught a record number of intact snailfishes (n = 5) from a depth of 7,000 m (24). This liparid, Notoliparis kermadecensis (Fig. 1) from the Kermadec Trench north of New Zealand, is the deepest known fish in the southern hemisphere, the second deepest fish ever seen alive (8), and had not been captured for 59 y until this study (25).
The hadal snailfish N. kermadecensis (25). The image shows the snailfish alive at 7,199 m, photographed by baited camera close to the site where the samples were retrieved in this study (8). N. kermadecensis is endemic to the Kermadec Trench off New Zealand and occupies a very narrow depth band of 6,472 (24) to 7,561 m (8). The samples recovered for this study represent the second time this fish has ever been captured (the first time in 59 y) and represents the second deepest fish ever seen alive (7).
Tissue Integrity.
Dorsal white muscle samples of the hadal snailfish were analyzed in several ways. We first tested for changes that might have occurred during the fish trap's 3 h 11 min ascent by analyzing water, sodium, potassium, and trimethylamine (TMA) contents. The muscles had a mean water content of 84.8 ± 1.1% (wt/wt), very similar to those in bathyal and abyssal species from 2,000–3,000 m (26). Sodium and potassium contents were 199 ± 19 and 48.2 ± 5.1 mmol/kg, respectively, differing considerably from seawater, which at 35 ppt has sodium and potassium concentrations of about 470 and 10 mM, respectively. Levels of TMA, a product of bacterial breakdown of TMAO and a common indicator of spoilage, were low (< 3 mM) in the hadal fish (as well as in all other species used). These results suggest there was little change in muscle contents during recovery. Fish skin is largely impermeable to water and solutes, with most ion exchange occurring at the gills (presumably not functioning, as the fish die during ascent).
Muscle TMAO Contents.
We next analyzed TMAO contents (per kilogram wet mass of tissue) and osmolalities (mOsmol/kg) of muscles. For TMAO, we first plotted muscle contents against depth for fish from previous studies (Fig. 2, circles). Although the pattern appears sigmoidal at lower depths, with a threshold at about 500 m, it is linear from about 900–4,850 m (Fig. 2, black line and equation). We then added the bathyal and abyssal fish from Monterey Bay; these fit well with the regression (Fig. 2, red squares without error bars). For the abyssal grenadier Coryphaenoides armatus, the data from specimens caught at different depths are noted with an asterisk in Fig. 2. Finally, we plotted the hadal snailfish; most strikingly, it had much higher TMAO contents, at 386 ± 18 mmol/kg (Fig. 2, red square with error bars). This value fell within the error range of the original linear fit, changing that fit only slightly (Fig. 2, red line and equation).
Muscle TMAO contents (mmol/kg wet mass) vs depth of capture for teleosts. Circles, with standard deviation bars, are published data (11, 13, 16, 17), with a linear fit (black line) from 900–4,850 m. Solid red squares without standard deviation bars are new data (n = 1 each) for a snailfish C. melanurus (793 m), four eelpout, and two grenadier species. The solid red square with standard deviation bars is the hadal snailfish N. kermadecensis from 7,000 m (n = 5), with a new linear fit (the red line) for all new and old data for 900–7,000 m. *C. armatus (abyssal grenadier) at four depths (note that the specimen at 4,850 m was from the northeast Atlantic, whereas the others were from the northeastern Pacific).
Muscle Osmolalities.
Last, we measured and plotted osmolalities of muscle fluids against depth, first for the fish from 490–3,000 m (Fig. 3, circles). Values increased linearly with depth to 3,000 m (Fig. 3, solid black line and equation). Finescale moras (Antimora microlepis) caught at different depths are noted by an asterisk in Fig. 3. The fitted line extrapolated to an isosmotic value of 1,100 mOsmol/kg at 8,450 m (Fig. 3, dotted black line). We then added the new value for the hadal snailfish. Similar to TMAO, the value was much higher, plotting close to the extrapolated line, at 991 ± 22 mOsmol/kg (Fig. 3, red square), changing the linear fit only slightly (Fig. 3, solid red line and equation). Including the hadal snailfish data yielded an extrapolated isosmotic state at about 8,200 m (Fig. 3, dotted red line), an even closer fit to the maximum depths observed or estimated from meta-analytic approaches (6).
Osmolalities (mOsmol/kg) of muscle fluid vs depth of capture for teleosts. Circles (n = 1 each; for the two osmolalities with standard deviation bars, n = 3) are new data for Monterey Bay fish: eelpouts, grenadiers, a morid, and a snailfish C. melanurus († at 793 m). A linear fit (the solid black line) extrapolates to isosmotic state at 8,450 m (dotted vertical black line). The red square with standard deviation bars is the hadal snailfish N. kermadecensis from 7,000 m (n = 5), included in a new linear fit (the solid red line) extrapolating to isosmotic state at about 8,200 m (dotted vertical red line). *A. microlepis (finescale mora) at three depths.
Implications for Depth Hypotheses.
The osmotic and TMAO data clearly support both of our hypotheses; that is, teleosts appear to need TMAO (presumably as a piezolyte) at all depths in proportion to hydrostatic pressure, and any teleosts approaching about 8,200 m depth would become isosmotic. We propose that fish would find it physiologically difficult to migrate readily to greater depths (see Reasons for an Osmoregulatory Limit below). The ability to regulate TMAO with depth may also determine whether a particular species can migrate over a wide depth range or not. Some species, such as C. armatus and A. microlepis (points with asterisks in Figs. 2 and 3), can regulate TMAO over a wide range, but other species may not be able to do so. Both up- and down-regulation are important because excess TMAO in the absence of a perturbant (such as urea or pressure) can inhibit protein function as a result of overstabilization (19, 27). For example, a recent finding is that elevated TMAO in human blood is associated with cardiovascular disease (28). Negative effects of TMAO may explain why TMAO is not elevated in shallow teleost species, even though high TMAO might reduce osmoregulatory costs (19).
Alternative Hypotheses and Explanations.
Although the data support our hypotheses, there are other possibilities. First, of course, there may be deeper-living fish species that simply have not been found. However, we regard the evidence against this possibility to be compelling (6). To date, the Hadal Environment and Educational Program project (7, 8) has deployed baited cameras and traps successfully 47 times at depths from 6,000–10,000 m across five Pacific Trenches. Fish have been consistently observed in all deployments made up to a depth of 7,700 m (7). No fish have been observed in the 14 deployments deeper than this. The only two major trawling efforts undertaken below abyssal depths were on the Danish Galathea and Soviet Vityaz expeditions of the 1950s to many trenches. The Galathea performed 150 trawls or dredges, of which 28 were greater than 6,000 m (29). The deepest fish trawled in these 28 stations were from 6,660–6,770 m and 7,160 m (30). The Vitjaz performed 106 trawls from depths greater than 6,000 m (down to nearly 11,000 m) in most of the trenches of the Western Pacific Ocean, and the deepest fish recovered were from 7,210–7,230 m and 7,587 m. Various other catches have been made that are reviewed in Fujii and colleagues (7), but all fish are recorded from depths less than the current record of 8,370 m (25). Nevertheless, we recognize that a future discovery of a fish thriving at 10,000 m, for example, would disprove our second hypothesis. The piezolyte hypothesis, however, would not necessarily be challenged.
Second, if the depth limit for fishes is real, it might not be a result of osmoregulatory difficulties. One alternative possibility is inadequate food supply. In turn, that might limit a variety of internal processes, including the ability to make or ingest sufficient TMAO. Another possibility is that TMAO itself is toxic above 400 mM or so, regardless of pressure. As noted earlier, TMAO in the absence of a perturbant can have negative effects; perhaps such effects at depths below 8,200–8,400 m become greater than positive effects in counteracting pressure. Finally, it may simply be that TMAO cannot adequately counteract pressure effects below that depth and that fish have not evolved other mechanisms to cope with higher pressures.
Reasons for an Osmoregulatory Limit.
Our hypothesis of an osmotic limit for fishes is based on the extrapolated value for isosmotic state at 8,200–8,400 m, coinciding with the observed depth distributions of fishes. If this hypothesis is correct, what would prevent fish from evolving mechanisms to pass this barrier? To understand this, we must examine the evolutionary history of bony fishes. There is very strong phylogenetic, fossil, and physiological evidence that the ancestors of bony fishes evolved in fresh water (31), which can approach 0 mOsmol/kg. Freshwater fish are therefore hyperosmotic at about 300 mOsmol/kg internally. To cope with this osmotic imbalance, these fish have (among other adaptations) kidneys with glomeruli, filtering structures that remove excess water from vertebrate bodies (32). In evolving for seawater, shallow teleosts have become hypoosmotic at about 350 mOsmol/kg internally, with the opposite physiological processes, including inactive glomeruli or, in some groups, complete absence of glomeruli. These so-called aglomerular species include some gelatinous deep-sea fishes (33). Many marine fish lineages have never returned to fresh water, including the Liparidae (no species of which have been found in low-salinity waters) (34). Those that can reacquire hyperosmotic regulation during their life cycles, including euryhaline fish such as salmon, pause at an intermediate estuarine salinity as their gills reorganize and glomerular filtration is reactivated. This "reprogramming" of osmoregulation takes many hours or days (35).
We do not know whether the deepest-living marine teleosts are aglomerular, but they are gelatinous, similar to known aglomerular deep-sea species (33), with N. kermadecensis having a thick subdermal gelatinous layer. Regardless, they would need to switch from a hypo- to a hyperosmotic state were they to accumulate TMAO at levels much greater than 400 mOsmol/kg. A fish migrating down the slope while it accumulates TMAO might have to wait many hours or days around 8,200–8,400 m while acclimatizing for greater depths. The fish would need reactivated glomeruli or other mechanisms to cope with water influx. If our hypothesis is correct, it may be that there is insufficient selective pressure or genetic variation for physiological switching and waiting behavior to evolve. Another possibility is that there has not been enough time for these mechanisms to evolve; indeed, there is strong evidence that deep-sea lineages have only recently and gradually (in geological terms) recolonized the deep after an anoxic extinction event in the Cretaceous (36). A slow recolonization of the deep is also supported by observations that the number of fish families declines with depth and that only ophidiids and liparids have been found below about 6,000 m (6⇓–8, 36).
Implications for Other Taxa.
Although TMAO may explain the depth limit for teleosts, other taxa (e.g., archaea, bacteria, foraminifera, and among animals, anemones, holothurians, and amphipods), which are isosmotic even in shallow species, exist at the ocean's greatest depths, including the Mariana Trench at nearly 11,000 m. We do not yet know how these organisms survive at higher pressures. Do piezolytes play an important role, and/or have these organisms evolved proteins more pressure-resistant than those of teleosts? Although anemones, mollusks, and holothurians cannot make TMAO, species analyzed from 3,000 m have other osmolytes, including scyllo-inositol and glycerophosphocholine, that are not found in their shallow relatives (37). These solutes are chemical chaperones (13, 19), although they have not yet been tested with hydrostatic pressure. Future investigations into depth zonation should provide great insight from examining the upper end of the pressure gradient, which the hadal zone provides.
Fish Capture and Equipment.
For the Monterey Bay fish, bathyal fishes were collected in 2009 using otter trawls from the R/V Point Sur (23). Trawls were fished along depth contours using an acoustic pinger so that depth could be monitored in real time. For the Kermadec Trench hadal fish, the free-falling fish trap (24) included two fish cages (40 × 40 × 100 cm cuboid) with a square funnel opening of 14 × 14 cm recessed 25 cm into the trap. Each trap was lined with 1 cm mesh and baited with ∼500 g Jack mackerel (Trachurus declivis) and attached to either side of a 1 m−3 aluminum frame. Each trap was also equipped with a temperature and pressure sensor (SBE-39; SeaBird Electronics) that recorded at 30-s intervals throughout the deployment. The traps were positioned such that they were in contact with the sea floor on landing. Each trap was deployed in free fall, whereby it descended to the seafloor at a speed of 36 m⋅min−1 and remained static on the seafloor for 12 h 39 min. After this period, ballast weights were jettisoned by acoustic command from the surface vessel [R/V Kaharoa; National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), New Zealand] which initiated the trap's ascent to the surface at 40 m⋅min−1.
Confirmation that the hadal snailfish were collected from 7,000 m, and not during the trap's ascent, is given by the use of a baited camera deployed in the same vicinity. This provides unequivocal observations that the fish are benthic; moreover, this species is known to be benthic from other trawl and camera deployments (8, 25). Furthermore, the traps ascend to the surface at 40 m⋅min−1 and are therefore extremely unlikely to capture fish. For the fish from Monterey Bay, the trawl caught specimens at bottom depths measured with pingers (accurate acoustic transmitters that continuously show height above the seafloor). Although animals could be captured in the water column during ascent, this is not likely, as acoustic studies often show very little biomass in the water column above about 100 m off the seafloor. Moreover, the species we analyzed are known from camera work to be benthic or benthopelagic, and no species were caught that are known to be pelagic from other studies using midwater nets well above the seafloor.
Other Fish Species.
For Fig. 2, the older (11, 13, 16, 17) data were from bathyal and abyssal species caught by otter trawls off the Oregon, California, and Ireland coasts: hake (merluciid), flatfishes (pleuronectids), a sablefish (anoplopomatid), rockfishes (scorpaenids), eelpouts (zoarcids), a mora (morid), and grenadiers (macrourids). Species from Monterey Bay, again caught by otter trawl (23), for new TMAO data were a snailfish (liparid) Caraproctus melanurus from 793 m, eelpouts Lyocdes diapterus from 493 m, Bothrocara molle from 2,100 m, Pachycara gymninium from 2,972 m, Pachycara sp. from 3,200 m, and grenadiers Coryphaenoides acrolepis from 1,300 m and C. armatus from 3,100 m.
For Fig. 3, species from Monterey Bay (23) used for initial osmolality extrapolation (circles) were a snailfish (liparid) C. melanurus from 793 m; eelpouts L. diapterus and L. cortezianus from 493 m; B. molle from 2,100 m; a morid A. microlepis from 1,300, 2,100, and 2,910 m; and grenadiers C. acrolepis from 1,300 m and C. yaquinae from 2,870 m. The species used for Figs. 2 and 3 overlap only partly because for some there was insufficient muscle tissue left from other studies to perform both analyses.
Tissue Integrity Analyses.
On the ship, on ice, white muscle samples were rapidly dissected from the anterior dorsal side of each fish and flash-frozen in liquid nitrogen and then transferred to −80 °C freezers on shore. They were stored in tightly capped cryovials to prevent hydration changes. The following were analyzed as indicators of changes that might have occurred during ascent of the capture device: TMA was analyzed by the TMAO method discussed earlier, omitting the iron reagent; water contents were determined by weighing tissues before and after heating for 3 d at 60 °C on tared aluminum-foil "boats"; and sodium and potassium contents were measured in the dried material dissolved in 1% nitric acid and analyzed by atomic absorption.
Tissue TMAO and Osmolality Analyses.
Frozen weighed muscle samples were homogenized in 7% (vol/vol) perchloric acid to remove proteins by centrifugation, and then TMAO concentrations of the supernatants were measured using an iron-EDTA reagent and a colorimetric reaction with picric acid, with appropriate standards, as previously described (16). TMAO and TMA standards show that the precision of the colorimetric test is about ±3%. Osmolalities of tissue fluid were measured with Wescor vapor-pressure osmometers in fluid obtained from muscle pieces mechanically homogenized with a Teflon pestle in a microcentrifuge tube, which was then centrifuged at maximum speed for 30 min at 4 °C. Ten microliters of supernatant were then taken for the osmometer. The osmometer standards show that the precision of the machines is ±1%.
We thank the crew of the R/V Kaharoa (NIWA, New Zealand) for their assistance in sampling the fish and Andrew Stewart (Te Papa Tongarewa, Museum of New Zealand) for species identification confirmation and housing the specimens. P.H.Y., M.E.G. and J.C.D. acknowledge support from National Science Foundation (grants OCE-1130712 and OCE-0727135), and A.J. and A.A.R. acknowledge support from the Total Foundation (France) and Ministry for Business, Innovation and Employment (New Zealand). P.H.Y. developed the hypotheses and designed the experiments; M.E.G. and P.H.Y. performed the tissue analyses; A.J. designed the hadal sampling gear; A.J., A.A.R., and M.E.G. organized the Kaharoa expedition and sampling of the hadal fish; and J.C.D. collected and dissected the Monterey Bay samples. All authors were involved in the writing and editing of the paper.
↵1To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: yancey{at}whitman.edu.
Author contributions: P.H.Y. and A.J. designed research; P.H.Y., M.E.G., J.C.D., A.A.R., and A.J. performed research; A.J. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; P.H.Y. and M.E.G. analyzed data; and P.H.Y., M.E.G., J.C.D., A.A.R., and A.J. wrote the paper.
This article is a PNAS Direct Submission.
Freely available online through the PNAS open access option.
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You are going to email the following Marine fish may be biochemically constrained from inhabiting the deepest ocean depths
Fish biochemically excluded from deepest oceans
Paul H. Yancey, Mackenzie E. Gerringer, Jeffrey C. Drazen, Ashley A. Rowden, Alan Jamieson
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Mar 2014, 111 (12) 4461-4465; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1322003111


Offer cheap price for wholesale Ralph Lauren all over the world. So many kind of Ralph Lauren Polo be sale on Plorg.org.. You will find your favorite ralph lauren here!
Earlsfield, London, UK – The British experts in patio awnings, Deans Blinds and Awnings is introducing one of its new products, The Deans All Weather Retractable Terrace Cover.
Michaela DePrince talks about her burning passion for ballet, how she danced around naysayers who said being a black ballerina was impossible and why she hasn't forgotten her Sierra Leone roots.
Charlotte, NC and surrounding areas can now obtain farm-fresh local produce right to their door by ordering online.
The "SHOWBOAT CLASSIC" All-Star basketball game for High School Seniors will be held March 23rd, 2013 from 6:00 to 9:00 PM at MacArthur High School in Irving Texas.
Perfect Pixel Photo Booth Rentals was recently selected as the winner of both the WeddingWire's Brides Choice Award for 2012 and The Knot and Wedding Channel's Best of Photo Booths for 2013.
Aaradhya Bachchan, the 1 year and 4 month celebrity baby gets her education from her mother Aishwarya Rai Bachchan.
While Google has made public the decision not to announce updates publicly through official channels, recent reports indicate that updates have already been made.
Zolarium Tanning Studio in Denver/s trendy, LoDo neighborhood is proud to announce the newest addition to their line up of professional tanning equipment, the VersaPro™ Heated Sunless Spa Series spray tan booth.
Amy Sacco's exclusive celebrity hangout Club No. 8, was the perfect venue to celebrate Camilo Him's Big Shows photo exhibit and to mark the end of Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week NY F/W 2013.
Sabadell Bank & Trust hosted a luncheon for twenty guests as part of their Women's Connoisseur Series. The guest speaker was renowned Connecticut gallery owner Kathryn McCarver Root who spoke on The Art of Collecting Photography.
'Lucky Arkadians will loot the gaming glasses from GUNNAR while hunting,' says Arkadia Studios Community Manager, Cyrus Chen.
The Norlandia Care Group rolls out HappyOrNot system in their patient hotels and nursing homes in Norway, Sweden and Finland.
There's a new candle on the block and the people at Tamar Valley Candles are eager to tell us why we should be thinking about soy candles to fragrance our homes.
SANAYA IRANI, HINA KHAN & ROOPAL PATEL ENJOY ED BEING PART OF STAR PLUS' MASTERCHEF KITCHEN KE SUPERSTAR Everyone looks upto the quint essential saas- bahus on TV.
6 years ago, 2739 views, By Lady Bizness, Inc. for BuildUP!
Building Up People, Inc. (www.jackiemasonministries.org) has relocated from Rocky Mount, NC to the Triad area in search of partnerships that will allow them to produce BuildUP! Empowerment Training Sessions for women.


More than one-third of American youths ages 12 to 17 report being victims of cyber bullying in the past year, a survey says.
View the report and additional resources from Fight Crime: Invest in Kids.
Of the more than 500 teenagers surveyed for the Washington-based nonprofit organization Fight Crime: Invest in Kids, 36 percent reported that mean, threatening, or embarrassing things had been said about them or to them through instant messages, e-mail, social-networking sites, chat rooms, or text messages. Of those teenagers, 59 percent said that the harassment had to do with dating or relationships, and 38 percent said that they had been harassed about their physical appearance.


text:
Abbas Faiz, University of Essex
A letter signed in early July by 22 Western countries, including the UK, Australia, Canada and France, raised serious concerns to UN officials about China's incarceration of Uyghur people in so-called education camps in the country's Xinjiang region. A few days later, a second letter emerged. Signed by 37 governments, including North Korea, Russia and Saudi Arabia, it effectively endorsed China's human rights abuses in the region.
All of the signatories of the second letter have appalling human rights records of their own. Like the Chinese government, they suppress their political opponents and impose severe restrictions on critical media. Many subject their critics to arbitrary arrest, torture, long prison sentences or the death penalty after grossly unfair trials.
The letter highlights China's latest win in its plan to reshape the international human rights system. For more than a decade, as documented in a 2012 Chatham House study, Chinese officials have worked hard to derail human rights resolutions at the UN whether or not they had a bearing on the country's own record.
Alarm about the role China is playing to weaken the UN human rights system was also raised by Human Rights Watch in 2017. It accused China of intimidation on UN premises, obstruction of NGO advocacy at the UN, resistance to routine practices regarding appointments and media broadcast, and efforts to weaken key human rights resolutions.
If China succeeds in gaining the support of a majority of UN member states, it can push to water down some of the binding international legal safeguards for human rights, such as civil and political rights.
Read more: China's Uyghur re-education centres in Xinjiang will not produce a loyal and obedient population
Insisting on sovereignty
China's approach has been to engage with the UN's human rights bodies to impose its own narrative, which misinterprets sovereignty as being distinct and above human rights. The Chinese government persistently reacts to any criticism of China by labelling it interference in the internal affairs of a sovereign state. In doing so, it ignores repeated emphasis in international human rights law that human rights depend on one another. The exercise of one right, such as the right to sovereignty, cannot allow the violation of another, such as the right not to be tortured.
Chinese delegates at the UN Human Rights Council said they "highly appreciated" the letter of support by the 37 signatories. China's ambassador to the council, Chen Xu, said: "We have repeatedly expressed that what is going on in Xinjiang is entirely an internal affair of China and it involves China's sovereignty and territorial integrity."
A dangerous block
China is recruiting like-minded governments to push its line on sovereignty. The 37 signatories of the letter, as well as other countries not on the list, including Iran and Turkey, are taking the same approach towards legitimate criticism of their human rights records. Not only are they brothers in arms against safeguarding human rights, but for many their partnership with China's Belt and Road Initiative or their dependency on China's low interest loans is a growing incentive to join China's block. The stronger this menacing form of solidarity grows, the less effective human rights safeguards will be in these countries.
Chinese officials have repeatedly termed the criticism of their treatment of Uyghurs in Xinjiang region as Western media politicising the issue. But the block of support that China is building is itself a highly political enterprise. The countries include Muslim states, such as Pakistan and Saudi Arabia, who turn a blind eye to the treatment of Muslims in China but have been vocal against the treatment of Muslims in other parts of the world in a display of double standards.
What unites many of the 37 countries who support China is their style of governance. They all appear hostile to campaigns for democracy in their countries, ruthlessly suppress freedoms, and with a few exceptions rank high in Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index.
China may not be currently pushing for actual amendments to international human rights law, but it is advocating a change in how the law is interpreted. It may also want to have control in future on the appointment of independent experts, for which it would need support from other countries. A block of 37 countries may not yet be a decisive development, but it is the start of what could be a nightmare for human rights defenders.
China's economic might and worldwide influence enable it to deflect international criticism of its poor human rights record. With a growing army of like-minded governments behind it, international human rights safeguards have never been so dangerously exposed.
Abbas Faiz, Lecturer on Human Rights, School of Law, University of Essex
ChinaHuman Rights
The army is being used to fight Cape Town's gangs. Why it's a bad idea
IMF says it cares about inequality. But will it change its ways?


The firm provides client focused business diligence, financial advisory, debt and lease restructuring, and legal/accounting diligence services. A diverse network of relationships with investment bankers, legal and advisory service firms and the combination of legal and financial experience provides the contacts and experience required to achieve the results you desire. You receive big firm results at small firm rates, and, with the personal attention you expect. We perform due diligence on investment and financial proposals, including new business investment, bridge financing and refinancing, commercial real estate investment and single investor and leveraged equipment leasing investments. The firm's due diligence services are performed by its founder Paul Lechner, who is both an Attorney and Certified Public Accountant and who is also an Adjunct Professor in Financial Fraud Program at the Chicago Police Department Academy.


This week's One Layer Wednesday card challenge kept me awake half the night. The challenge, set by Ardyth, is to create a card inspired by your favourite song, singer, composer, performer or something else musical. Hours of mentally going through my music, and my stamps, and I was still wide awake at 2am - I just couldn't switch off.
One of my favourite bands is The Rolling Stones, but a lot of their song titles don't lend themselves to a cardmaking challenge: Sister Morphine? Sympathy for the Devil? Honky Tonk Women? Dead Flowers? Mother's Little Helper? However, one of their early songs is called, "Time Is On My Side", which works perfectly with this clock stamp and sentiment.
The watch is from Kanban 9039 Jasper, and the sentiment is from Fiskars Make a Wish Quotes.
I'll take a Mother's Little Helper, please! lol! I'm so glad that I'm not the only one crazy (I mean that in the nicest possible way!) enough to be thinking about cards in the middle of the night! This is a great interpretation and a wonderful sentiment - it really got me thinking! Thanks for playing along with this week's OLW!
Hey, sign me up for this card crazy club! I do my best thinking when I should be sleeping too! It was well worth the the lack of sleep because you came up with a dandy idea and produced an amazing card! Great sentiment - will be pondering that one for a bit!
A brilliant combination of challenges! Thanks for playing along with CR84FN this week!
Shirley you are brilliant! Fabulous design for both challenges!
Great combination of challenges! Those clocks are SO cool. So happy you played along with us at CAS(E) this Sketch!
It's a wonderful combination of challenges Shirley! The clock images are a great image for the circle elements in the sketch! So glad you played along with us in this week's CAS(E) this Sketch!
Your post made me laugh...come on, you couldn't think of something for Sister Morphine? (A syringe stamp maybe?) Love your interpretation of the challenges...those clocks are fantastic!
Perfect card!! I love how well the sentiment and images work together. I particularly like how each clock is slightly different! So glad to see you at CAS(E) this Sketch!
Ha! What a clever card! Very cool.
Great card, I like the clock images, and the CAS design.


text:
4.5 tons of cocaine seized in Spain in cattle shipment from Colombia
Ônibus with adolescents from time of football amador do RJ cai de ponte and left dead and injured
Home » Half Moon Bay shooting suspect to be charged with seven counts of murder
Half Moon Bay shooting suspect to be charged with seven counts of murder
January 25, 2023 No Comments United States
The man accused of killing seven people in a shooting rampage at a farm and a nursery in Half Moon Bay, unleashing terror and sending shockwaves and grief through this rural coastal community, is facing several felonies, the San Mateo County district attorney's office said Wednesday.
The alleged gunman, whom authorities identified as Chunli Zhao, was arrested Monday outside of the sheriff's substation in Half Moon Bay after the attacks and was booked into jail.
Zhao, 66, will be charged with seven counts of murder, one count of attempted murder, firearm use enhancements for each count and a special circumstance allegation of multiple murder, according to the Dist. Atty. Steve Wagstaffe.
He is scheduled for arraignment Wednesday afternoon in the Hall of Justice in Redwood City, Wagstaffe said.
This is a breaking news story and will be updated as additional information becomes available.
Source: LA Times
An explosion inside a mosque in the city of Peshawar, in northwestern Pakistan, has killed…


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To have your personal data transferred to another company under certain circumstances.
To complain to your national data protection regulator if you feel that your personal data has been unlawfully processed.
8. For how long do we retain your personal data?
We may use your email address information to periodically send you information about our new products and services, or events which we think may be of interest to you. If you do not wish to receive such emails, please email us at info@glgroup.co.uk or click on the "manage your preferences" link at the bottom of any emails you receive.
We are committed to ensuring that your information is secure. In order to prevent unauthorised access or disclosure, we have put in place suitable physical, electronic and managerial procedures to safeguard and secure the information we collect online, by email, over the phone and in person. However, we cannot guarantee that unauthorised third parties will never be able to defeat those measures or use your personal information for improper purposes.