text:
\section{Introduction}
This is the second part of the series of papers on dg analogues of the Zuckerman functors and the dual Zuckerman functors, following \cite{H1}. We have three subjects in this series: The first subject is to introduce and study fundamental properties of their categories of dg analogues of weak (Harish-Chandra) pairs, pairs, weak triples and triples over an arbitrary commutative ring, and modules over them, which was partly achieved in the previous part \cite{H1}; The second subject is to define dg analogues and their weak analogues $I^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K,w}$, $I^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K}$, $P^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K,w}$, and $P^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K}$ of induction functors, production functors, the Zuckerman functors, and the dual Zuckerman functors, which was done in \cite{H1}; The third subject is to define their derived functors.

The main theme of this paper is to establish the third subject. The first subject will be also discussed as a supplement at the beginning. This project was partly done by \cite{P1}, \cite{Ja1}, \cite{Ja2}, and \cite{Ja3} by means of homological algebra. Our approach here is based on the theory of model categories introduced by Daniel Quillen in \cite{Q1}. This will suit to the context of unbounded derived functors and (stable) $\infty$-categories (\cite{L2}). The main goal is to construct combinatorial model structures on the categories of modules over pairs and weak pairs, which are appropriate to the aim.
\subsection{Reviews on \cite{H1}}
In this paper we follow the same conventions as those of the former paper \cite{H1}. Here we shall begin with a brief summary on loc\ cit. Let $k$ be a (small) commutative ring, and let $k\cmod$ denote the category of cochain complexes of $k$-modules. For a flat affine group scheme $K$ over $k$, let $K\cmod$ denote the category of cochain complexes of $K$-modules. A weak pair is a pair $(\cA,K)$ of a flat affine group scheme $K$ and a monoid object $\cA$ of $K\cmod$. If one wants to emphasize the corresponding action map $\phi$ of $K$ on $\cA$, this weak pair is denoted by $(\cA,K,\phi)$, and it is called a weak tuple. For a weak pair $(\cA,K)$, we define the category $(\cA,K)\cmod_w$ of (left) weak $(\cA,K)$-modules as that of left modules over $\cA$ in the sense of the theory of monoidal categories. For a weak $(\cA,K)$-module $V$, the corresponding differential and actions of $\cA$ and $K$ will be dented by $d=d_V$, $\pi=\pi_V$, and $\nu=\nu_V$ respectively. Morphisms of weak pairs are also defined by a general context of monoidal categories. Namely, for weak pairs $(\cA,K)$ and $(\cB,L)$ a weak map from $(\cA,K)$ to $(\cB,L)$ is a pair $f=(f_a,f_k)$ consisting of a group scheme homomorphism $f_k:K\to L$ and a $K$-equivariant dg algebra homomorphism $f_a:\cA\to\cB$ via $f_k$. For a weak map $(\cA,K)\to(\cB,L)$, we have the ``forgetful functor''
\[\cF^{\cA,K}_{\cB,L,w}:(\cB,L)\cmod_w\to(\cA,K)\cmod_w.\]
\begin{lem}[\cite{H1} Proposition 2.3.6]\label{1.1.1}
For a weak map
\[(f_a,f_k):(\cA,K)\to(\cB,K)\]
with $f_k$ the identity map, the functor $\cF^{\cA,K}_{\cB,L,w}$ admits a left adjoint functor $P^{\cB,K}_{\cA,K,w}$.
\end{lem}
We next consider their ``non-weak'' analogues. In this case our affine group schemes are supposed to satisfy \cite{H1} Condition 2.2.2. This is a condition to define the adjoint representation Ad. A pair consists of a weak pair $(\cA,K)$ with $K$ satisfying \cite{H1} Condition 2.2.2 and a $K$-equivariant dg Lie algebra homomorphism $\psi:\fk\to\cA$ such that the following equality holds for any $\xi\in\fk$:
\[d\phi(\xi)=\left[\psi(\xi),-\right]:\cA\to\cA.\]
Here $\phi$ denotes the corresponding action of $K$ on $\cA$. See \cite{H1} 2.1 for the rest of notations. If we want to emphasize the maps $\phi$ and $\psi$, this is denoted by $(\cA,K,\phi,\psi)$, and it is called a tuple. For a tuple $(\cA,K,\phi,\psi)$, a weak $(\cA,K)$-module is called an $(\cA,K)$-module if it satisfies the following equality:
\[d\phi(\xi)=\left[\psi(\xi),-\right]:\cA\to\cA.\]
The full subcategory of $(\cA,K)\cmod_w$ spanned by $(\cA,K)$-modules is denoted by $(\cA,K)\cmod$ in this paper.
\begin{lem}[\cite{H1} Lemma 2.3.2]\label{1.1.2}
For a pair $(\cA,K)$, the category $(\cA,K)\cmod$ is both a localization and a colocalization of $(\cA,K)\cmod_w$.
\end{lem}
We next define maps of pairs. Let $(\cA,K,\phi_\cA,\psi_\cA)$
and $(\cB,L,\phi_\cB,\psi_\cB)$
be tuples. Then a map $(\cA,K)\to(\cB,L)$ of pairs is a weak map $f=(f_a,f_k)$ respecting $\psi$, i.e., satisfying the equality
\[f_a\circ\psi_\cA=\psi_\cB\circ df_k:\fk\to\cB.\]
By easy computations, we showed the following results:
\begin{lem}[\cite{H1} Proposition 2.3.1, Proposition 2.3.6]\label{1.1.3}
\begin{enumerate}
\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{(\arabic{enumi})}
\item Let
\[(\cA,K)\to(\cB,L)\]
be a map of pairs. Then the restriction of $\cF^{\cA,K}_{\cB,L,w}$ gives rise to the ``forgetful'' functor
\[\cF^{\cA,K}_{\cB,L}:(\cB,L)\cmod\to(\cA,K)\cmod.\]
\item For a map $(f_a,f_k):(\cA,K)\to(\cB,K)$ of pairs with $f_k$ the identity map, the restriction of $P^{\cB,K}_{\cA,K,w}$ gives rise to a functor
\[P_{\cA,K}^{\cB,K}:(\cA,K)\cmod\to(\cB,K)\cmod.\]
Moreover, $P_{\cA,K}^{\cB,K}$ is a left adjoint functor of $\cF^{\cA,K}_{\cB,K}$.
\end{enumerate}
\end{lem}
We also constructed functors $P^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K,w}:(\cA,K)\cmod_w\to(\cB,L)\cmod_w$ and $P^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K}:(\cA,K)\cmod\to(\cB,L)\cmod$ in the cases where the base ring $k$ is the complex number field and the groups $K,L$ are reductive in \cite{H1}.
\begin{prop}[\cite{H1} 2.5]\label{1.1.4}
The functors $P^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K,w}$ and $P^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K}$ admit exact right adjoint functors.
\end{prop}
\subsection{Backgrounds}
Before stating the main results let us begin by introducing their prototypes in classical homological algebra. Let $f:A\to B$ be a homomorphism of rings, and let $A\cmod$ (resp.\ $B\cmod$) denote the category of cochain complexes of $A$-modules (resp.\ $B$-modules). It is well-known that the restriction functor $f^\ast:B\cmod\to A\cmod$ admits both the left adjoint functor $B\otimes_A-$ and the right adjoint functor $\Hom_A(B,-)$. An approach to define its (unbounded) derived functors is to construct the so-called injective and projective model structures.
\begin{thm}[\cite{Hov1}]\label{1.2.1}
The category $A\cmod$ admits a proper combinatorial model structures satisfying the following conditions:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(C)]A map is a cofibration if and only if it is a monomorphism.
\item[(W)]A map is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a quasi-isomorphism.
\end{enumerate}
This is called the injective model structure. Moreover, the functor $f^\ast$ is left Quillen with respect to this model structure. In particular, the unbounded derived functor $\bR\Hom_A(B,-)$ exists.
\end{thm}
More generally, such a result is valid for the category $C(\cA)$ of cochain complexes of objects of a Grothendieck abelian category $\cA$.
\begin{thm}[\cite{Be}, \cite{Hov2}, \cite{L2}]\label{1.2.2}
The category $C(\cA)$ admits a proper combinatorial model structures satisfying the following conditions:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(C)]A map is a cofibration if and only if it is a monomorphism.
\item[(W)]A map is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a quasi-isomorphism.
\end{enumerate}
\end{thm}
As a variant, it is also known that for a differential graded ring $A$ the category of $A\cmod$ admits a similar model structure (see \cite{A} for example).

We next get into the projective model structure.
\begin{thm}[\cite{Hov1}]\label{1.2.3}
Let $A$ be a ring. Then the category $A\cmod$ admits a proper combinatorial model structures satisfying the following conditions:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(F)]A map is a fibration if and only if it is an epimorphism.
\item[(W)]A map is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a quasi-isomorphism.
\end{enumerate}
This is called the projective model structure. Moreover, if $A$ is commutative it is a symmetric monoidal model category satisfying the monoid axiom in the sense of \cite{SS} for $\otimes_A$.
\end{thm}
\begin{cor}\label{1.2.4}
If we are given a homomorphism $f:A\to B$ of rings the functor $f^\ast$ is right Quillen with respect to this model structure. In particular, the unbounded derived functor $B\otimes^\bL_A-$ exists.
\end{cor}
To generalize it to dg rings we can use the transfer method:
\begin{thm}[transfer of a model structure, \cite{GS} Theorem 3.6]\label{1.2.5}
Let $\cC$ be a combinatorial model category, $\cD$ a locally presentable category, and let $(F,U):\cC\to\cD$ be an adjunction. Suppose that if a map $f$ of $\cD$ has the left lifting property with respect to any map $p$ of $\cD$ with $U(p)$ a fibration, then $U(f)$ is a weak equivalence. Then $\cD$ admits a model structure satisfying the following conditions:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(F)]A map $p$ of $\cD$ is a fibration if and only if $U(p)$ is a fibration.
\item[(W)]A map $w$ of $\cD$ is a weak equivalence if and only if $U(w)$ is a weak equivalence.
\end{enumerate}
\end{thm}
A typical application is to transfer a symmetric monoidal model structure to the category of modules over a monoid of the given category.
\begin{thm}[\cite{SS} Theorem 4.1, \cite{L2} Proposition 4.1.4.3]\label{1.2.6}
Let $\cV$ be a combinatorial symmetric monoidal model category satisfying the monoid axiom, and $A$ be a monoid in $\cV$. Then the category of $A$-modules in $\cV$ inherits the structure of a combinatorial model structure satisfying the following conditions:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(F)]A morphism of $A$-modules is a fibration if and only if it is a fibration as a morphism of $\cV$.
\item[(W)]A map of $A$-modules is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a weak equivalence as a morphism of $\cV$.
\end{enumerate}
\end{thm}
\begin{cor}\label{1.2.7}
Let $A$ be a dg ring. Then the category $A\cmod$ admits a proper combinatorial model structure satisfying the following conditions:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(F)]A map is a fibration if and only if it is an epimorphism.
\item[(W)]A map is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a quasi-isomorphism.
\end{enumerate}
\end{cor}
For a relation of the two model structures, one can easily prove the following result:
\begin{prop}[\cite{Hov1}, \cite{A}]\label{1.2.8}
For any (dg) ring $A$ the injective and projective model structures on $A\cmod$ are Quillen equivalent.
\end{prop}
However, the two model structures are not equal in general. For instance every cofibration of $A\cmod$ with respect to the injective model structure is not necessarily a cofibration with respect to the projective model structure. It is known that the coincidence happens for example when $A$ is a field. For its proof we shall introduce a generalization of Theorem \ref{1.2.3} due to Mark Hovey:
\begin{thm}[\cite{CH} Theorem 2.2]\label{1.2.9}
Let $\cA$ be a bicomplete abelain category, and $\cP$ be a projective class on $\cA$. Then the category $C(\cA)$ together with the $\cP$-equivalences, the $\cP$-fibrations, and the $\cP$-cofibrations (in the sense of \cite{CH}) gives rise to a model category if and only if cofibrant replacements exist. Moreover, the resulting model structure is proper if it exists. The latter condition is satisfied in the following cases:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(A)]$\cP$ is the pullback of the trivial projective class (i.e., the whole class of objects) along a right adjoint that preserves countable sums;
\item[(B)]There are enough $\kappa$-small $\cP$-projectives for some cardinal $\kappa$, and $\cP$-resolutions can be chosen functorially.
\end{enumerate}
\end{thm}
As a special case where $\cP$ is the trivial projective class we get the following consequence:
\begin{thm}[\cite{CH} Example 3.4]\label{1.2.10}
Let $\cA$ be a bicomplete abelian category, and $C(\cA)$ the category of complexes of objects of $\cA$. Then there exists a model structure on $C(\cA)$ satisfying the following conditions:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(C)]A map is a cofibration if and only if it is a degreewise split monomorphism.
\item[(F)]A map is a fibration if and only if it is a degreewise split epimorphism.
\item[(W)]A map is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a homotopy equivalence.
\end{enumerate}
In particular, every object is both fibrant and cofibrant. Moreover, if $\cA$ is closed monoidal then this model structure is also monoidal for the standard monoidal structure on $C(\cA)$.
\end{thm}
We now set $\cA$ as the category of vector spaces over a field $k$. Then the resulting model structure on $k\cmod$ from Theorem \ref{1.2.10} is both injective and projective. Though Theorem \ref{1.2.9} does not assert its combinatoriality it follows in our case by combining Theorem \ref{1.2.1}.
\subsection{The Main Results}
In this paper we will achieve analogues of the above for our categories. In a view from the proof of Theorem \ref{1.2.2} and our aim to prove the combinatoriality, we will need the following easy fact at the first place:
\begin{lem}
Let $(\cA,K)$ be a (weak) pair. Then the category of (weak) $(\cA,K)$-modules is Grothendieck abelian. In particular, it is locally presentable by \cite{Be} Proposition 3.10.
\end{lem}
Then the next result is proved by the same way as Theorem \ref{1.2.2}.
\begin{thm}\label{1.3.2}
Let $(\cA,K)$ be a (weak) pair. Then the category of (weak) $(\cA,K)$-modules admits a proper combinatorial model structures satisfying the following conditions:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(C)]A map is a cofibration if and only if it is a monomorphism.
\item[(W)]A map is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a quasi-isomorphism (i.e., a quasi-isomorphism as a homomorphism of cochain complexes of $k$-modules).
\end{enumerate}
We will call it the injective model structure.
\end{thm}
\begin{cor}\label{1.3.3}
The forgetful functors $\cF_{\cB,L,w}^{\cA,K}$ and $\cF_{\cB,L}^{\cA,K}$ of \cite{H1} are left Quillen with respect to the injective model structure. In particular, their right adjoints $I^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K,w}$ and $I^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K}$ admit the right derived functors.
\end{cor}
To put the projective model structure we work with a field $k$ of characteristic 0 and reductive algebraic groups $K$ over $k$.
\begin{thm}\label{1.3.4}
There is a proper combinatorial symmetric monoidal model structure on $K\cmod$ such that the following conditions are satisfied:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(C)]A map is a cofibration if and only if it is injective.
\item[(F)]A map is a fibration if and only if it is surjective.
\item[(W)]A map is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a quasi-isomorphism.
\end{enumerate}
\end{thm}
Using the transfer, we deduce the following result:
\begin{thm}\label{1.3.5}
If we are given a (weak) pair $(\cA,K)$ with $K$ reductive the category of (weak) $(\cA,K)$-modules admits a proper combinatorial model structure satisfying the following conditions:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(F)]A map is a fibration if and only if it is surjective.
\item[(W)]A map is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a quasi-isomorphism.
\end{enumerate}
Moreover, it is Quillen equivalent with Theorem \ref{1.3.2}.
\end{thm}
\begin{cor}
The functors $P^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K,w}$ and $P^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K}$ are left Quillen. In particular, these admit the left derived functors.
\end{cor}
For a digression of Theorem \ref{1.3.4} we consider the symmetric monoidal full subcategory $K\cmod^{\leq 0}$ of $K\cmod$ spanned by complexes concentrated in nonpositive degrees. A motivation comes from derived (homotopical) algebraic geometry (\cite{TV}, \cite{L3}, \cite{GR}). In \cite{GR} for example, they use the commutative dg algebras concentrated in nonpositive degrees as a model of the coordinate rings of affine dg schemes. In this paper we acheive its equivariant analogue.
\begin{thm}
There is a right proper symmetric monoidal model structure on the category of commutative monoids of $K\cmod^{\leq 0}$ such that the following conditions are satisfied:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(F)]A map is a fibration if and only if the underlying homomorphism of dg vector spaces is surjective.
\item[(W)]A map is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a quasi-isomorphism.
\end{enumerate}
\end{thm}

In \cite{H2} we will work on basic studies of the underlying $\infty$-category of Theorem \ref{1.3.2} and its dg enhancement.
\renewcommand{\abstractname}{Acknowledgements}
\begin{abstract}
The author is grateful to his advisor Hisayosi Matumoto for useful advice, and to Jun Yoshida for helpful discussions. He also would like to express his gratitude to Fabian Januszewski for encouraging him to work out this paper.
\end{abstract}
\section{Model structures}
We put model structures on
\[(\cA,K)\cmod_w,\ (\cA,K)\cmod,\]
whose weak equivalences are quasi-isomorphisms in order to define the unbounded derived functors of the functors $I^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K}$ and $P^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K}$ (see 1.1 for our conventions). We also give examples of homotopies. \cite{Hov1} is a standard and basic reference on model categories. The appendix of \cite{L1} is also useful.
\subsection{Local presentability}
This section is devoted to supplementary results to \cite{H1} towards constructions of the combinatorial model structures.

Let us fix a ground commutative ring $k$. Notice that for a weak pair $(\cA,K)$ over $k$ each Hom set $\Hom_{\cA,K}(M,N)$ of the category of weak $(\cA,K)$-modules is a $k$-submodule of the Hom $k$-module $\Hom_k(M,N)$ of $k\cmod$. With this $k$-module structure, the category of weak $(\cA,K)$-modules (and that of $(\cA,K)$-modules for a pair $(\cA,K)$) inherits a $k$-linear structure. Moreover, in the former paper \cite{H1} we showed that the category of weak $(\cA,K)$-modules (and that of $(\cA,K)$-modules for a pair $(\cA,K)$) is a locally small bicomplete abelian category, whose colimits and finite limits are computed in $k\cmod$ (\cite{H1} Corollary 2.3.9 (1)). In this section we verify the following stronger statements:
\begin{thm}\label{2.1.1}
\begin{enumerate}
\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{(\arabic{enumi})}
\item Let $(\cA,K)$ be a weak pair. Then the $k$-linear category of weak $(\cA,K)$-modules is a Grothendieck abelian category (\cite{Gro}).
\item Let $(\cA,K)$ be a pair. Then the $k$-linear category of $(\cA,K)$-modules is a Grothendieck abelian category.
\end{enumerate}
\end{thm}
\begin{proof}
In virtue of Lemma \ref{1.1.2} it will suffice to prove (1). Let $(\cA,K)$ be a weak pair. Then filtered colimits of the category of weak $(\cA,K)$-modules are exact since those of $k\cmod$ are exact. Existence of a generator of $(\cA,K)\cmod$ follows since $K\cmod$ is a Grothendieck abelian category. In fact, we have a unique monoid morphism from the unit monoid $(k,K)$ to $(\cA,K)$ (\cite{H1} Example 2.2.4 (2)), and the image of a generator of $K\cmod$ under $P^{\cA,K}_{k,K,w}$ is again a generator.
\end{proof}
\begin{cor}\label{2.1.2}
\begin{enumerate}
\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{(\arabic{enumi})}
\item For a weak pair $(\cA,K)$, the category $(\cA,K)\cmod$ is locally presentable.
\item For a pair $(\cA,K)$, the category $(\cA,K)\cmod$ is locally presentable.
\end{enumerate}
\end{cor}
\begin{proof}
The assertions follow from the fact that every Grothendieck abelian category is locally presentable (\cite{Be} Proposition 3.10).
\end{proof}
\begin{rem}\label{2.1.3}
We constructed right adjoint functors $I^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K,w}$ (resp.\ $I^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K}$) of $\cF^{\cA,K}_{\cB,L,w}$ (resp.\ $\cF^{\cA,K}_{\cB,L}$) by using the theory of monoidal categories in \cite{H1} Theorem 2.3.4. Instead, these right adjoint functors can be constructed directly by Corollary \ref{2.1.2} and the adjoint functor theorem.
\end{rem}
\subsection{Notations}
Here, we collect some additional notations related to the theory of model categories. Let $\cC$ be a category, and $S$ be a class of morphisms of $\cC$. Then we will say a map $p:X\to Y$ has the left lifting property with respect to $S$ if for any tuple of maps $i:A\to B$ of $S$, $f:A\to X$, and $g:B\to Y$ of $\cC$, which satisfies $p\circ f=g\circ i$, there exists a map $F:B\to X$ such that $F\circ i=f$ and $p\circ F=g$.
\[\xymatrix{A\ar[r]^{\forall f}\ar[d]_i& X\ar[d]^p\\
B\ar@{-->}[ru]^{\exists F}\ar[r]_{\forall g} &Y}\]
In this paper, the class of maps satisfying the left lifting property with respect to $S$ will be denoted by $S_{\bot}$. Dually, we say $i:A\to B$ has the right lifting property with respect to $S$ if for any tuple of maps $p:X\to Y$ of $S$, $f:A\to X$ and $g:B\to Y$ of $\cC$, which satisfies $p\circ f=g\circ i$, there exists a map $F:B\to X$ such that $F\circ i=f$ and $p\circ F=g$. The class of maps satisfying the right lifting property with respect to $S$ will be denoted by ${}_\bot S$.
\subsection{The injective model structure}
\begin{thm}\label{2.3.1}
The category of (weak) $(\cA,K)$-modules admits a proper combinatorial model structure satisfying the following conditions:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(C)]A map is a cofibration if and only if it is a monomorphism.
\item[(W)]A map is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a quasi-isomorphism.
\end{enumerate}
We will call it the injective model structure.
\end{thm}
This is proved in a similar way to \cite{L2} Proposition 1.3.5.3 and \cite{LS} Proposition 4.1. Let us recall some results of the appendix of \cite{L1}. We say that a collection $W$ of morphisms of a locally presentable category is perfect if the following conditions hold:
\begin{enumerate}
\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{(\roman{enumi})}
\item Every isomorphism of the given category belongs to $W$.
\item The collection $W$ has the two-out-of-three property.
\item The collection $W$ is stable under filtered colimits.
\item There exists a small subset $W_0\subset W$ such that $W$ is generated by $W_0$ via filtered colimits.
\end{enumerate}
\begin{ex}[\cite{L1} Example A.2.6.11]\label{2.3.2}
For a locally presentable category, the class of its isomorphisms is perfect.
\end{ex}
\begin{prop}[\cite{L1} Corollary A.2.6.12, \cite{AR} Remark 2.50, \cite{Be} Proposition 1.18]\label{2.3.3}
Let $F:\cC\to\cC'$ be a functor between locally presentable categories preserving filtered colimits, and $W_{\cC'}$ be a perfect class of morphisms in $\cC'$. Then $W_\cC=F^{-1}W_{\cC'}$ is perfect.
\end{prop}
\begin{thm}[\cite{L1} Corollary A.2.6.13, see also \cite{Be}]\label{2.3.4}
Let $\cC$ be a locally presentable category, $W$ be a perfect class of morphisms of $\cC$, and $I$ be a small set of morphisms of $\cC$. If these satisfy the following conditions, $\cC$ admits a left proper combinatorial model structure such that the class of cofibrations is the (weakly) saturated class generated by $I$ and that of weak equivalences is $W$.
\begin{enumerate}
\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{(\roman{enumi})}
\item Suppose that we are given a diagram
\[\xymatrix{X\ar[d]_f\ar[r]&X'\ar[d]\ar[r]^g&Y\ar[d]\\
Z\ar[r]&Z'\ar[r]_{g'}&V,}\]
where the squares are pushout diagrams. Then if $f\in I$ and $g\in W$, $g'$ belongs to $W$.
\item If $f$ has the right lifting property with respect to $I$, $f$ belongs to $W$.
\end{enumerate}
\end{thm}
\begin{note}\label{2.3.5}
For a dg $k$-module $M$ and a homogeneous element $m\in M$ we will denote the degree of $m$ by $\overline{m}$.
\end{note}
\begin{cons}[shifts, \cite{P1} 5.2.1]\label{2.3.6}
Let $V$ be a weak $(\cA,K)$-module, and $n$ be an integer. Then we set a new weak $(\cA,K)$-module $V\left[n\right]$ by taking the shift $\left[n\right]$ both as a dg $\cA$-module and as a complex of $K$-modules. Namely, the complex $V\left[n\right]$ is defined as follows:
\begin{itemize}
\item $(V\left[n\right])^m=V^{m+n}$ for every integer $m$;
\item $d_{V\left[n\right]}(v)=(-1)^n d_V(v)$ for $v\in V$;
\item $\nu_{V\left[n\right]}(k)v=\nu_V(k)v$ for any $v\in V$ and $k\in K$;
\item $\pi_{V\left[n\right]}(a)v=(-1)^{\overline{a}n}\pi_V(a)v$ for any $v\in V$ and $a\in\cA$.
\end{itemize}
This is actually an $(\cA,K)$-module if so is $V$.
\end{cons}
\begin{cons}[mapping cones, \cite{P1} 5.2.1]\label{2.3.7}
We construct mapping cones of (weak) $(\cA,K)$-modules. Let $f:X\to Y$ be a homomorphism of weak $(\cA,K)$-modules. Then its mapping cone $\Cone(f)$ is defined as follows:
\begin{itemize}
\item $\Cone(f)=Y\oplus X\left[1\right]$ as a graded $K$-module;
\item $d_{\Cone(f)}(y,x)=(d_Y(y)+f(x),-d_X(x))$ for $(y,x)\in\Cone(f)$;
\item $\pi_{\Cone(f)}(a)(y,x)=(\pi_Y(a)y,(-1)^{\overline{a}}\pi_X(a)x)$ for any $x\in X$, $y\in Y$, and $a\in\cA$.
\end{itemize}
This is actually an $(\cA,K)$-module if so are $X$ and $Y$. If we are given a (weak) $(\cA,K)$-module $V$ we set $\Cyl(X)$ as the mapping cone of the map $V\to V\oplus V$ determined by the identity map $id_V$ and its minus $-id_V$. Explicitly, this is given as follows:
\begin{itemize}
\item $\Cyl(X)=X\oplus X\left[1\right]\oplus X$ as a graded $K$-module;
\item $d_{\Cyl(X)}(x,y,z)=(d_X(x)+y,-d_Y(x),d_X(z)-y)$;
\item $\pi_{\Cyl(X)}(a)(x,y,z)=(\pi_X(a)x,(-1)^{\overline{a}}\pi_X(a)y,\pi_X(a)z)$.
\end{itemize}
\end{cons}
\begin{rem}\label{2.3.8}
In \cite{H2} we will generalize these constructions above and characterize the resulting objects universally in the context of dg categories (\cite{BK}).
\end{rem}
\begin{lem}\label{2.3.9}
If a homomorphism $p:X\to Y$ of (weak) $(\cA,K)$-modules has the right lifting property with respect to every acyclic injection then $p$ is surjective.
\end{lem}
\begin{proof}
Let $p:X\to Y$ be a map of (weak) $(\cA,K)$-modules with the right lifting property with respect to every acyclic injection. Then the canonical projection
\[\Cone(id_Y)\left[-1\right]\to Y\]
lifts to a map $\Cone(id_Y)\left[-1\right]\to X$ since $\Cone(id_Y)$ is acyclic. The surjectivity now follows.
\[\xymatrix{&X\ar[d]^p\\
\Cone(id_Y)\left[-1\right]\ar[r]\ar@{-->}[ru]&Y
}\]
\end{proof}
\begin{proof}[proof of Theorem \ref{2.3.1}]
We check the conditions in Theorem \ref{2.3.4} to apply it. Here we consider the category $(\cA,K)\cmod$. The proof of the theorem for $(\cA,K)\cmod_w$ goes in the same way.

Firstly, recall that $(\cA,K)\cmod$ is locally presentable (Corollary \ref{2.1.2}), and notice that there exists a generator of the class of monomorphisms as a saturated class (Theorem \ref{2.1.1}, \cite{Be} Proposition 1.12 and Remark 1.13).

Secondly, we show that the class of quasi-isomorphisms of $(\cA,K)\cmod$ is perfect. Let $k\cmod^\heartsuit$ denote the category of $k$-modules, and
$H^n:(\cA,K)\cmod\to k\cmod^\heartsuit$ the $n$th cohomology functor for each integer $n$. Then the functor
\[\prod_n H^n:(\cA,K)\cmod\to\prod_nk\cmod^\heartsuit\]
commutes with filtered colimits since those of $k\cmod^\heartsuit$ are exact. If we set $W_{\prod k\cmod^\heartsuit}$ as the collection of isomorphisms, $W=(\prod_nH^n)^{-1}W_{\prod k\cmod^\heartsuit}$ is the collection of quasi-isomorphisms. Since $\prod k\cmod^\heartsuit$ is locally presentable, $W_{\prod k\cmod^\heartsuit}$ is perfect (Example \ref{2.3.2}). Therefore $W$ is also perfect (Proposition \ref{2.3.3}).

Thirdly, we check that a map $p:X\to Y$ with the right lifting property with respect to the generator of the class of monomorphisms is a quasi-isomorphism. From \cite{L1} Corollary A.1.2.7, it is equivalent to proving that a map with the right lifting property with respect to all injective homomorphisms is a quasi-isomorphism. Notice that $p$ is a surjective map. In fact, $p$ has a section since $p$ has the left lifting property with respect to the zero map $0\to Y$. Therefore it also suffices to prove that every injective object $I\in(\cA,K)\cmod$ is acyclic since $\Ker p$ is injective. Since $I$ is injective, the natural injective homomorphism $I\to \Cone(id_I)$ admits a retract $r:\Cone(id_I)\to I$. Since $\Cone(id_I)$ is acyclic, so is $I$.

To complete the proof it will suffice to show that pushouts (resp.\ pullbacks) of quasi-isomorphisms along injective (resp.\ surjective) homomorphisms are again quasi-isomorphisms (Lemma \ref{2.3.9}). These follow from \cite{Hov2} Corollary 1.4.
\end{proof}
The following lemma is obvious by definition. This says that we have the unbounded derived functors $\bR I^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K,w}$ and $\bR I^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K}$.
\begin{lem}\label{2.3.10}
The functors $\cF_{\cB,L,w}^{\cA,K}$, $\cF_{\cB,L}^{\cA,K}$ are left Quillen with respect to the injective model structures.
\end{lem}
As a close of this section, we give an example of a cylinder object, and compute a left homotopy with respect to it. For a dg algebra $\cA$ we denote its underlying graded algebra by $\cA^\sharp$. For (weak) $(\cA,K)$-modules $X,Y$ an $(\cA^\sharp,K)$-module homomorphism is a graded $K$-module homomorphism $X\to Y$ such that it is also a graded $\cA^\sharp$-module homomorphism. A chain homotopy of two homomorphisms $f,g:X\to Y$ of (weak) $(\cA,K)$-modules is a graded $(\cA^\sharp,K)$-homomorphism $h:X\to Y\left[-1\right]$ such that $h\circ d_M+d_N\circ h=f-g$. If there exists a chain homotopy of maps $f$ and $g$ then we will say that $f$ and $g$ are chain homotopic.
\begin{prop}\label{2.3.11}
Let $(X,\pi_X,\nu_X)$ be a (weak) $(\cA,K)$-module. Then $\Cyl(X)$ with the diagram
\[\xymatrix{X\oplus X\ar[rr]^+\ar[rd]&&X\\&\Cyl(X)\ar[ru]&}\]
is a cylinder object of $X$ in the sense of \cite{Hov1} Definition 1.2.4, where $X\oplus X\to\Cyl(X)$ is the natural embedding map, $\Cyl(X)\to X$ is the summation map of the two sides, and $\Cyl(X) \to X$ is given by summing up the two sided components of $\Cyl(X)$. Moreover, a left homotopy with respect to this cylinder object provides a chain homotopy of (weak) $(\cA,K)$-modules, and conversely a left homotopy with respect to this cylinder object is constructed from a chain homotopy.
\end{prop}
\begin{proof}
The first half of the assertion is obvious. We show the other half. Here we consider weak $(\cA,K)$-modules with $(\cA,K)$ a weak pair for simplicity. Our arguments below also hold for $(\cA,K)$-modules.

Let $f,g:X\to Y$ be maps of weak $(\cA,K)$-modules. Notice that a graded $(\cA^\sharp,K)$-module homomorphism $H:\Cyl(X)\to Y$ such that the composition
\[X\oplus X\to\Cyl(X)\to Y\]
is $(f,g)$ is uniquely determined by a graded $(\cA^\sharp,K)$-module homomorphism $h:X\to Y\left[-1\right]$ and
\[H^n(x,y,z)=f^n(x)+h^{n+1}(y)+g^n(z)\]
for integers $n$. Furthermore, our $H:\Cyl(X)\to Y$ commutes with the differential if and only if the corresponding map $h$ is a chain homotopy from $f$ to $g$. In fact, we have
\[d^{n-1}_Y\circ H^{n-1}\circ\left(\begin{array}{ccc}
0\\
id\\
0\end{array}
\right)=d^{n-1}_Y\circ h^n\]
and
\[H^n\circ d^{n-1}_{\Cyl(X)}\circ\left(\begin{array}{ccc}
0\\
id\\
0\end{array}
\right)=-h^{n+1}\circ d^n_X+f^n-g^n\]
as maps from $X^n$ to $Y^n$ since $f$ and $g$ commutes with the differential.
\end{proof}
\subsection{The projective model structure I}
In the rest of this paper we assume that the base ring $k$ is a field of characteristic zero and that affine group schemes $K$ are reductive algebraic groups. In this section we study fibrations of our injective model structure on $K\cmod$.

We say that an abelian category $\cA$ is semisimple if every object of $\cA$ is injective. Thanks to Theorem \ref{1.2.10} we deduce the following model structure:
\begin{cor}\label{2.4.1}
Let $\cA$ be a bicomplete semisimple abelian category. Then there exists a model structure on $C(\cA)$ which is described as follows:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(C)]A map is a cofibration if and only if it is a monomorphism.
\item[(F)]A map is a fibration if and only if it is an epimorphism.
\item[(W)]A map is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a quasi-isomorphism.
\end{enumerate}
\end{cor}
\begin{cor}\label{2.4.2}
Let $K$ be a reductive algebraic group over $k$. Then there is a proper combinatorial symmetric monoidal model structure on $K\cmod$ such that the following conditions are satisfied:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(C)]A map is a cofibration if and only if it is injective.
\item[(F)]A map is a fibration if and only if it is surjective.
\item[(W)]A map is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a quasi-isomorphism.
\end{enumerate}
In particular, every dg $K$-module is both fibrant and cofibrant. We sometimes call it also the projective model structure.
\end{cor}
\begin{cor}\label{2.4.3}
There is a proper combinatorial model structure on the category of monoids of $K\cmod$ such that the following conditions are satisfied:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(F)]A map is a fibration if and only if the underlying homomorphism of dg vector spaces is surjective.
\item[(W)]A map is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a quasi-isomorphism.
\end{enumerate}
\end{cor}
\begin{proof}
Use \cite{SS} Theorem 4.1 (3) and \cite{L2} Proposition 4.1.4.3.
\end{proof}
As a variant we consider the category $K\cmod^{\leq 0}$ of dg $K$-modules concentrated in nonpositive degrees.
\begin{prop}\label{2.4.4}
There is a proper combinatorial symmetric monoidal model structure on $K\cmod^{\leq 0}$ such that the following conditions are satisfied:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(C)]A map is a cofibration if and only if it is injective.
\item[(F)]A map is a fibration if and only if it is surjective in each negative degree.
\item[(W)]A map is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a quasi-isomorphism.
\end{enumerate}
In particular, every dg $K$-module is both fibrant and cofibrant.
\end{prop}
\begin{proof}
The model structure is obtained by applying \cite{Bo} 4.4. Since every dg $K$-module is both fibrant and cofibrant, this model structure is proper. The symmetric monoidalness follows from Corollary \ref{2.4.2}

To make this model structure combinatorial, observe that the collection of monomorphisms of $K\cmod^{\leq 0}$ is perfect by a similar argument to the proof of Theorem \ref{2.3.1}. The assertion now follows from \cite{L1} Corollary A.2.6.13.
\end{proof}
Finally, we transfer this model structure to the category $\CAlg(K\cmod^{\leq 0})$ of commutative monoids of $K\cmod^{\leq 0}$. For this, let us recall the notion of power cofibrations (\cite{L2} Definition 4.5.4.2). Given a pair of homomorphisms $f:A\to A'$ and $g:B\to B'$ of $K\cmod^{\leq 0}$, let $f\wedge g$ denote the induced map
\[(A\otimes B')\oplus_{A\otimes B}(A'\otimes B)\to A'\otimes B'.\]
For a cofibration $f:A\to B$ we iterate this operation to obtain a map
\[\wedge^n f:\Box^n(f)\to B^{\otimes n}.\]
Moreover, this is $\fS_n$-equivariant for the natural actions of $\fS_n$ on the target and the domain, where $\fS_n$ denotes the symmetric group of degree $n$. Let us regard $\fS_n$ as a groupoid, and put the projective model structure on the category $(K\cmod^{\leq 0})^{\fS_n}$ of diagrams of $K\cmod^{\leq 0}$ indexed by $\fS_n$. We will say that $f$ is a power cofibration if for every $n\geq 0$ the morphism $\wedge^n f$ is a cofibration of $(K\cmod^{\leq 0})^{\fS_n}$.
\begin{cor}\label{2.4.5}
There is a right proper symmetric monoidal model structure on the category of commutative monoids of $K\cmod^{\leq 0}$ such that the following conditions are satisfied:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(F)]A map is a fibration if and only if the underlying homomorphism of dg vector spaces is surjective.
\item[(W)]A map is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a quasi-isomorphism.
\end{enumerate}
\end{cor}
\begin{proof}
In view of \cite{L2} Proposition 4.5.4.6 it will suffice to show that every cofibration is actually a power cofibration. We may identify the model category $(K\cmod^{\leq 0})^{\fS_n}$ with the category $K\times\fS_n\cmod^{\leq 0}$ equipped with the model structure of Corollary \ref{2.4.4} since $K\times\fS_n$ is reductive. The assertion is now obvious.
\end{proof}
\subsection{The projective model structure II}
From the previous section on, we assume that the ground ring $k$ is a field of characteristic $0$, and that all the group schemes $K$ in this section are reductive. We generalize Corollary \ref{2.4.2} to put the so-called projective model structure on $(\cA,K)\cmod_w$ and $(\cA,K)\cmod$. We recall some key ways to construct model structures.
\begin{thm}[\cite{Hov1} Theorem 2.1.19]\label{2.5.1}
Let $\cC$ be a locally presentable category, and $W$ be a collection of morphisms of $\cC$. We also let $I$ and $J$ be small sets of morphisms of $\cC$, whose domains and targets are small. Then there is a combinatorial model structure on $\cC$ with $I$ as a generator of the class of cofibrations, $J$ as a set of a generator of trivial cofibrations, and $W$ as the subcategory of weak equivalences if and only if the following conditions are satisfied:
\begin{enumerate}
\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{(\roman{enumi})}
\item The class $W$ has the two-out-of-three property and is closed under
retracts.
\item $({}_\bot J)_\bot\subset W\cap({}_\bot I)_\bot$.
\item ${}_\bot I\subset W\cap{}_\bot J$.
\item Either $W\cap({}_\bot I)_\bot\subset({}_\bot J)_\bot$ or $W\cap {}_\bot J\subset {}_\bot I$.
\end{enumerate}
\end{thm}
\begin{cor}[transfer of a model structure, \cite{GS} Theorem 3.6]\label{2.5.2}
Let $\cC$ be a combinatorial model category, $\cD$ a locally presentable category, and let $(F,U):\cC\to\cD$ be an adjunction. Suppose that if a map $f$ of $\cD$ has the left lifting property with respect to every map $p$ of $\cD$ with $U(p)$ a fibration, then $U(f)$ is a weak equivalence. Then $\cD$ admits a model structure satisfying the following conditions:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(F)]A map $p$ of $\cD$ is a fibration if and only if $U(p)$ is a fibration.
\item[(W)]A map $w$ of $\cD$ is a weak equivalence if and only if $U(w)$ is a weak equivalence.
\end{enumerate}
\end{cor}
\begin{proof}
We set $I$ (resp. $J$) as a small set generating the class of cofibrations (resp.\ trivial cofibrations) of $\cC$. Let $F(I)$ (resp.\ $F(J)$) denote the set of the images of the maps of $I$ (resp.\ $J$) under $F$, and also let $W$ be the collection of maps of $\cD$ whose images under $U$ are weak equivalences of $\cC$. Then there is a combinatorial model structure on $\cD$ with $F(I)$ as a generator of the class of cofibrations, $F(J)$ as a generator of the class of trivial cofibrations and $W$ as the subcategory of weak equivalences. In fact, it suffices to check that they satisfy the conditions of Theorem \ref{2.5.1}.

The condition (i) is obvious since the collection of weak equivalences satisfies the two-out-of-three property and the stability under retracts. To prove the rest, observe that for a collection $S$ of morphisms of $\cC$, ${}_\bot F(S)$ precisely consists of the maps $p$ with $U(p)\in {}_\bot S$, where $F(S)$ is the image of $S$ under $F$. In particular, ${}_\bot F(I)$ (resp.\ ${}_\bot F(J)$) consists of maps $p$ in $\cD$ with $U(p)$ a trivial fibration (resp.\ a fibration). Part (ii) is just what we assumed. The conditions (iii) and (iv) are now obvious. This complete the proof.
\end{proof}
We are now ready to construct the projective model structure below.
\begin{thm}\label{2.5.3}
If we are given a (weak) pair $(\cA,K)$ with $K$ reductive the category of (weak) $(\cA,K)$-modules admits a proper combinatorial model structure satisfying the following conditions:
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(F)]A map is a fibration if and only if it is surjective.
\item[(W)]A map is a weak equivalence if and only if it is a quasi-isomorphism.
\end{enumerate}
\end{thm}
\begin{proof}
This will be obtained by transferring the projective model structure on $K\cmod$ via the standard adjunction $(P^{\cA,K}_{k,K,w}$, $\cF^{k,K}_{\cA,K,w}$) of Lemma \ref{1.1.3}. In view of Theorem \ref{2.3.1} and Lemma \ref{2.3.9} a map $f$ of $(\cA,K)\cmod_w$ satisfying the left lifting property with respect to all surjective maps is a quasi-isomorphism. In particular, the assumption of Corollary \ref{2.5.2} is satisfied, so that the desired model structure is obtained.
By a similar argument we can obtain the desired structure on $(\cA,K)\cmod$ with $(\cA,K)$ arbitrary by transfer of the projective model structure on $K\cmod$ by $\cF^{U(\fk),K}_{\cA,K}$ (\cite{H1} Example 2.2.4 (5)).

The properness follows by a similar argument to Theorem \ref{2.3.1}.
\end{proof}
As an application let us consider the functors $P^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K,w}$ and $P^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K}$. The next assertion immediately follows from Proposition \ref{1.1.4}:
\begin{lem}\label{2.5.4}
\begin{enumerate}
\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{(\arabic{enumi})}
\item For a weak map of weak pairs
\[(\cA,K)\to(\cB,L)\]
with $K$ and $L$ reductive, the associated functors $P^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K,w}$ is left Quillen with respect to the projective model structures.
\item For a map of pairs
\[(\cA,K)\to(\cB,L)\]
with $K$ and $L$ reductive, the associated functors $P^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K}$ is left Quillen with respect to the projective model structures.
\end{enumerate}
As a consequence we obtain the unbounded derived functors $\bL P^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K,w}$ and $\bL P^{\cB,L}_{\cA,K}$.
\end{lem}
Let $M$ be a weak $(\cA,K)$-module. Then set $\Path(M)$ as the $\left[-1\right]$-shift of the mapping cone of the homomorphism $M\oplus M\to M$ determined by $-id_M$ and $id_M$. With the diagonal map to the two sides $M\to\Path(M)$ and the projection map $\Path(M)\to M\times M$, $\Path(M)$ is a path object of $M$. Moreover, if $M$ is an $(\cA,K)$-module, so is $\Path(M)$. We are then able to compute right homotopies with respect to this path object in a similar way to Proposition \ref{2.3.11}.
\begin{prop}\label{2.5.5}
A right homotopy with respect to the path object constructed above provides a chain homotopy of (weak) $(\cA,K)$-modules. Conversely a right homotopy with respect to this path object is constructed from a chain homotopy.
\end{prop}
It is immediate from Lemma \ref{2.3.9} that the two kinds of model structures we constructed in this paper are equivalent:
\begin{thm}\label{2.5.6}
Suppose that $k$ is a field of characteristic $0$, and $(\cA,K)$ be a weak pair with $K$ reductive. Then the identity functor from $(\cA,K)\cmod_w$ with the injective model structure to $(\cA,K)\cmod_w$ with the projective model structure is a right Quillen equivalence. Similarly, for a pair $(\cA,K)$ with $K$ reductive, the identity functor from $(\cA,K)\cmod$ with the injective model structure to $(\cA,K)\cmod$ with the projective model structure is a Quillen equivalence.
\end{thm}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


The most common gadget seen in everyone's hand is cellphone. To use it securely, there are some tips which can keep the phone out of viruses or any problems and users out of risks.
Many people feel very comfortable to install apps from untrusted sources( that is nothing but apps which are not from Play store). Google looks over all the apps in play store for any malware or viruses. So it is better suggested to download the apps from Play store or respective stores of their phones to make the phone secure.
It is better to lock your apps in the phone. This is because if the phone falls in any wrong hand, that person can harm any of the data or can you use photos in a wrong way.
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Updating software is very important measure in keeping the phone securely. This will not only increase the speed of the phone but also increases the security of the phone.
Backup all the data in your android phone because there may be some important details in the phone like bank passwords, etc.., So it is necessary to backup the data.
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text:
In focus: Implications of criminalising language - reasons why terminology matters
By Maria Giovanna Manieri2016-08-09T13:37:00+01:00
Maria Giovanna Manieri of the Platform for International Cooperation on Undocumented Migrants (PICUM) on why the choice of terminology matters and how it affects policy.
'If the foreigners were described as undocumented, the use of coercive force against them might be harder to justify. The language of criminalisation assists in justifying the deployment of coercive enforcement techniques in the field'.
Council of Europe, Issue Paper - Criminalisation of Migration in Europe: Human Rights Implications, February 2010
The choice of correct terminology is crucial, as often language contributes to shape the reality which national authorities present to their societies and the world. In a context where the use of language associates the concepts of migration and criminality, irregular migration becomes intrinsically linked with security concerns. Being considered 'illegal', undocumented migrants have frequently been denied their fundamental rights, including the right to health care, the right to education, the right of access to justice and redress and the right to family unity.
The perception that someone is 'illegal' can have an enormous impact, by leading the general public to accept policies that violate undocumented migrants' rights. Hostile terminology can lead to discriminatory behaviour, hinder public acceptance of migrants, and exacerbate social exclusion.
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"gives no recognition to the fact that for many irregular migrants their first entry into the country was lawful, and that their slide into an unauthorised situation may not have been entirely their fault…it also downplays or even overlooks the calmer assertion that every human being has recognition before the law and possesses fundamental human rights, which are protected by major international and regional human rights instruments…which apply to everyone within the jurisdiction of state parties".*
Moreover, defining an individual or group as 'illegal 'is erroneous and incorrect from a legal point of view, as neither could an individual be considered by nature as 'illegal', nor have the individuals necessarily committed a criminal offence under national laws. 'Illegality' as a status is only applied to migrants, and is used to deny them their rights.
Preferring the use of 'undocumented' or 'irregular' rather than 'illegal' is a position that is increasingly being taken by a multitude of actors, including the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the European Parliament, and the European Commission, as well as numerous non-governmental organisations, local authorities, professionals from diverse fields, media and undocumented migrants themselves.
The Platform for International Cooperation on Undocumented Migrants (PICUM) is an international non-governmental organisation (NGO) that represents a network of around 140 organisations working with undocumented migrants in 33 countries, primarily in Europe as well as in other world regions. With nearly 15 years of evidence, experience and expertise on undocumented migrants, PICUM promotes recognition and realisation of their human rights, providing an essential link between local realities and the debates at policy level. PICUM provides regular recommendations and expertise to policy makers and institutions of the United Nations, the Council of Europe and European Union, and has been awarded participatory/ consultative status with both the United Nations and Council of Europe.
More Migration
In focus: A viable solution to Europe's migration problem?
The EU-Turkey Statement that was adopted on 18 March 2016 by the European Council and the Turkish government was presented as a game changer for the migration crisis that emerged in Europe last year.
In focus: closing doors on social benefits
Highlighting the cases of Dano and Alimanovic, which both have an important bearing on in-work benefits for EU citizens.
In focus: the commission v the world - 40 New Infringement Proceedings
The Commission initiates 40 new infringement proceedings related to the migration crisis.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
April 8, 2015 April 12, 2015 by muchadoboutlove
Posters and Teasers for the Upcoming MBC Sageuk Hwajung
It feels like an eternity since the news about Splendid Politics or Hwajung first came out and the wait is almost over with the premiere date set on 13 April, which is next Monday! After the mixed reactions regarding the casting, the drama is ready to embark on its 50-episode journey, with the promise to stay true to the history without going off-tangent with the fictional parts. Still, it is a drama after all (and not a documentary), so I'm hoping to see a good sageuk which respects the historical facts and manages to fill in the blanks with acceptable fictional takes, making it a decent 'faction' historical drama.
The press conference took place on 7 April and the main lineup attended the event decked up in suits, save for the only flower Lee Yeon-hee, who opted for a simple black dress. Posters and teasers for the drama have been released, with the main poster boasting the painting of the royal palaces with the red calligraphy of the title in Hanja across it. The painting is a part of the National Treasure of Korea No 249, Donggwoldo (Painting of the Eastern Palaces), which depicts the two eastern royal palaces of Joseon, Changdeok Palace and Changgyeong Palace. Changdeok Palace was known as Donggwol or Eastern Palace due to its location to the east of the main palace Gyeongbok Palace, but the painting also included Changgyeong Palace as the palace was built adjacent to Changdeok Palace.
Changdeok Palace served as the main residence for Joseon kings after Gyeongbok Palace was destroyed during the Japanese Invasion (Imjin War, 1592-1598). Thus, the palace witnessed the political situations during Gwanghae and Injo's reigns, and it will be the main background of this drama. The calligraphy holds a special meaning too, as it was written personally by Princess Jungmyung. The princess was famous for her calligraphy skills taking after her father Seonjo and her mother Queen Inmok.
The production team promises a drama full of the political turmoils surrounding Joseon during the dynasty's most challenging times, weathering attacks from the neighbouring countries as well as the rising influence among the political factions. Looking at the list of characters, the list is incredibly long, stretching from Seonjo to Injo's eras of reign. I am hoping that Hwajung will be able to tell another side of the story despite the abundance of productions centering around Seonjo, Gwanghae, and Injo.
I'm loving the colourful character poster as well, because it reminds me of the portraits of the kings and high-ranking ministers. All the characters are seated and bear no smile at all, just like how the portraits were made back then to preserve the regal mannerism of the figures inside them. After all, they're the key players of the splendid political games in Hwajung 🙂
(Jo Sung-ha, Seo Kang-joon, Cha Seung-won, Lee Yeon-hee, Kim Jae-won, Han Joo-wan)
Prince Gwanghae (Cha Seung-won/Lee Tae-hwan)
A charismatic, refined, and heartless ruler. Personal name Yi Hon, second son of Seonjo and his concubine, Lady Kim Gongbin. His birth to the world wasn't welcomed by anyone but he proved himself to be a bright child since he was young. He did his best to protect the country as the Crown Prince for Seonjo's sake when the war broke out, but the betrayal he experienced after the war ended became a turning point in his life. He brought out the ugly side of him, training himself to become a ruthless man. Right after his ascension to the throne, he got rid of them without mercy: from Imhae, Neungchang, Yeongchang, and the people behind them, to the flower-like Jungmyung, who called him brother with affection. Years later, he pushed for the development of gunpowder in secrecy for the sake Joseon's safety as well as his own and got reunited with Jungmyung whom he couldn't recognize at one glance, but he was shaken by the subtle emotion he felt…
Princess Jungmyung (Lee Yeon-hee/ Jung Chan-bi/ Heo Jung-eun)
A legitimate princess with the Heaven's prophecy. The first legitimate issue of the 14th ruler of Joseon, Seonjo with his second consort, Queen Inmok, making her the only legitimate princess among Seonjo's children. Growing up a sheltered life in the palace, showered with love from the royalties, Jungmyung's life turned upside down at the expense of his half-brother Gwanghae after he became the king. She fell from her high status to the lowest rank as a slave and almost met her death, but Jungmyung ended up being deported to Japan and grew up into a tenacious woman after sending her years working at a sulphur mine. With the help of Hong Joo-wan who came to Edo as a diplomat, she managed to make her return to Joseon. Hiding her real identity, Jungmyung entered the heart of Gwanghae's government, the Special Directorate for Artillery (Hwagi Dogam).
Prince Neungyang/ Injo (Kim Jae-won)
The ambitious,obsessive, and jealous prince. Neungyang was the eldest son of Seonjo's issue, Prince Jungwon and later, he organized the reform to overthrow Gwanghae before rising to the throne himself as the 16th ruler of Joseon, Injo. Instead of having the authority in his hands, he wanted to become the authority itself. There was no king in Joseon who had active participation in staging a coup like him.After Gwanghae's coronation as the king, the Westerners were accused of committing treason and it was his brother, Neungchang, who was accused of planning to make himself the next king. Neungyang was humiliated but eventually, his brother made the decision to plan the reform in secrecy. His brother ended up being sentenced to death by poisoning, and he was the one receiving the support from the Westerners and led the reform to success. But then, he got to know that Seonjo's only legitimate child, Jungmyung, was still alive and the people, including his own court, preferred her words over his own, despite his status as the nation's ruler. Injo felt inferior, and thought that the woman had to be eliminated.
Hong Joo-won (Choi Kwon-soo/ Yoon Chan-young/ Seo Kang-joon)
The cold, handsome man who fell into a tragic love. Joo-won was the firstborn of the influential, reigning noble family of that time, Poongsan Hong clan. After getting the first place in the state examination, he was transferred to the Office of Diplomatic Correspondence (Seungmunwon) as a drafter (Gyori) but in reality, he was the person in charge of the Special Directorate for Artillery. A true Confucian scholar at heart, Joo-won could be regarded as a walking encyclopedia, as he knew literally everything. As he's always firm in making decision and a level-headed scholar, he was not afraid to speak his mind even in front of the high-ranking ministers and appeared to be a man full of pride; but then, the proud man had a knack in persuading people, and the ladies inside the palace, especially the palace maids and female investigators called him with the nickname 'cold, handsome man'.
Kang In-woo (Lee Tae-woo/ Ahn Do-kyu/ Han Joo-wan)
A man abandoned in love; the darkened kingmaker. The only heir to a family with the inheritance that would put the Royal Family in shame, In-woo gave up on entering the government rather early in his life since he had no interest in politics. He spent his day waking up late and visiting various spots in the capital: from the haunted houses and the archery grounds to the newly opened courtesan houses. If Joo-won was considered the cold handsome man, then In-woo was known as the 'real handsome man' among the Hanyang ladies. Possessing confidence in his looks more than a woman should be, the handsome lad had more good points in his books, considering how kind and generous he was to others. That was how the man named In-woo spent his time indulging himself in other people's eyes. No one would have imagined that the same In-woo, the one who was called the whiz, underwent a complete change after a few years..
Kang Joo-seon (Jo Sung-ha)
Kang In-woo's father. Secretary (Bujeong) at the Bureau of Translation (Sayeokwon), managing the translators and teaching them. Thanks to the frequent trips to the foreign countries with his grandfather and his parents since he was young, he became an open-minded and flexible man. Growing up in a special environment like that, he turned into a man who possessed neither any favoritism towards the political factions nor any interest in them; instead, he became a mediator between the factions. He was not rigid but had the grace of a real man, earning him endless respect and admiration from others because of his virtues. Since Joo-won's father, Hong Young, was his close friend, Joo-won trusted him with all his heart.
First Teaser:
Second teaser:
Third teaser:
Hwajung/Splendid Politics takes over the Mon-Tue slot from Shine or Go Crazy on MBC.
Credit to: iMBC
Posted in kdrama, news & updatesTagged cha seung won, han joo wan, hwajung, jo sung ha, kim jae won, lee yeon hee, seo kang joon, splendid politics
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6 thoughts on "Posters and Teasers for the Upcoming MBC Sageuk Hwajung"
shiningmoon says:
This drama sound interesting, and I love Cha Seung Won, although I don´t want to engage in a heavy drama at the moment.
Are you going to recap it? If you will I will read it here. 🙂
I'll do so if the drama manages to steal my heart and soul, enough for me to stay glued to my screen for the upcoming 6 months. We'll see 😉
ParkChohwa says:
I've been literally waiting forever and I'm so excited..
zk says:
Yay! It premiers tomorrow!! I am so looking forward to this one. 😀
Thank you for an awesome introduction to the drama, @mimi!
Mitta says:
An excellent intro to this sageuk! Love the premise of this story with all the historical nuances but not sure I can sit through a 50 episode drama. Interesting, only one main female protagonist. Looking forward to your recaps!
Thank you for the reminder. I almost forgot about this one! 김재원 오빠~


Jackie Calderone, Director of Calderone Arts, has played many roles throughout her arts career including: presenter, funder, booking agent, fundraiser, evaluator, panelist, board member, educator, and artist. Calderone pulls from these diverse experiences to help organizations and individuals uncover a greater capacity to create, connect, and deepen relationships with their changing communities.
Calderone also serves as the founding Director of TRANSIT ARTS, Artists on the Move, launched in 2007. TRANSIT ARTS, a program of Central Community House, engages young people throughout Columbus through the six members of the Columbus Federation of Settlements. TRANSIT ARTS is working in partnership with the Ohio Alliance for Arts Education and a wide variety of artists, arts organizations and other community-based organizations throughout Central Ohio. She received an Artists-in-Communities grant from the Ohio Arts Council in 2007 to create an interdisciplinary performance project in collaboration with a variety of outstanding Columbus-based artists and youth primarily based through TRANSIT ARTS.
In 1998 Calderone was invited to become CAPA's first Director of Education and in 1999 created the CAPACITY program, expanding on the model of Calderone's innovative work with the nationally acclaimed Short Stop Teen Center. In October 2001 the CAPACITY Studios were opened in an economically challenged area of the near east side of Columbus. For six years this tiny complex was an explosion of creativity and home to CAPACITY's gallery, workshops, offices and a beautiful youth-created garden/art space. CAPACITY touched thousands of teens in Central Ohio and received coast-to-coast acclaim through several national projects and commissions.
Calderone was the creative force behind the Short Stop Teen Center and Third Avenue Performance Space. Her passion for community-based arts was sparked during her seven years at the Ohio Arts Council where she coordinated the Dance and Jazz Music programs.
She has served on numerous National Endowment for the Arts panels and has designed and lead workshops for organizations which include Jacob's Pillow Dance Festival, The National Performance Network, The Association of Performing Arts Presenters, Dance USA and many more. Until 1990 she performed with an ensemble directed by noted choreographer John Giffin and she continues to collaborate with her husband, national touring artist Robert Post.
She has received numerous awards from organizations including Ohio Dance, the Ohio Arts Presenter's Network, the Hot Times Festival "Listen to the Jazz" Award, and the 2006 "Honored Artist" Award from the Columbus Community Festival (ComFest). She was honored for her civil rights contributions during the 2008 Martin Luther King, Jr. Birthday Celebration at Veterans Memorial, received the Arts Freedom Award from South Side Settlement in 2009, in 2010 received the Greater Columbus Arts Council's Community Arts Partnership Award for Arts Educator, and in 2012 received the Ohio Alliance for Arts Education's Virtuoso Award for "her innovative programs for central Ohio youth". Calderone is a member of the Ohio Art League, Ohio Dance and the Ohio Alliance for Arts Education, and currently serves on BalletMet's Education Outreach Committee and the Fort Hayes Advisory Committee.


Rhoda Macpherson lives on a little island in the most northerly reaches of the UK! She loves her four boys and her encouraging husband, and also crafting, eating cake and drinking tea at her classes and with her team. Follow her to see clean and simple projects, waffle-free videos and to make pretty things with Stampin' Up!
Rhoda is a mum of four boys living in the tip top of Scotland on the Shetland Islands. She loves movie nights with her family, travelling with Stampin' Up and eating cake and crafting with her team. Rhoda is a Christian and thanks God often for bringing Stampin' Up! into her life.
Welcome to the Mediterranean Achievers Blog Hop for February. This month our theme is One for the Guys. We are sure that you will find some incredible inspiration from the projects that you are about to see.
You may just be starting the blog hop here at my blog - Passion & Purpose or may have come from the person previous to me in the list. If you get off track at any time, the full lineup below will help you move along from blog to blog so you see all the projects. At the moment you are visiting Rhoda MacPherson.
This month's theme is something I think most of us find tricky, men! Oops, I mean masculine cards and gifts! Although clean and simple is my thing, I like to make things look and feel pretty so this is a little out of my comfort zone. I hope that some of you can relate and we can push ourselves to make something masculine and be happy with it.
Recently I have been working on my blog design and am about to switch over to a new look, feel and even logo. My husband has been helping me figure out my audience and my crafting style and it has been incredibly helpful. I feel more confident in just being me and going for it, rather than what I think it should look like. So I grabbed the bundle I had been planning to use and just 'went for it'!
I chose the Going Places suite for the hop. The Going Global set has such a variety of images and phrases and I especially love the font. I decided to place it off centre and add a pop of colour with the Owl Builder punch's tiny heart. I covered the heart in Crystal Effects so it would stand out a little. For the map I chose Always Artichoke ink and then realised after that it is also included in the patterned paper pack :) I'm a fan of the banners and used them to 'anchor' down the globe image and then repeated them at the edge of the white to tie it into the background.
I hope you like it and it inspires you to leap out of that comfort zone and go and make something for a guy or just try something new... and don't forget to check back for the Project Go Create! video that will be posted later this week.
Thanks for taking part in our blog hop, there are so many amazing ideas and inspiration you don't want to miss. Remember that currently you are at my blog - Rhoda MacPherson, so check the blog hop line up list to see who is next in the list.
Simple and sophisticated, love it.
Awesome masculine card! Love it!


text:
Velika nagrada Avstralije 2000 je bila prva dirka Svetovnega prvenstva Formule 1 v sezoni 2000. Odvijala se je 12. marca 2000.

Rezultati

Kvalifikacije

|-
! 1
| 1
|  Mika Häkkinen
| McLaren-Mercedes
| 1:30,556
|
|-
! 2
| 2
|  David Coulthard
| McLaren-Mercedes
| 1:30,910
| +0,354
|-
! 3
| 3
|  Michael Schumacher
| Ferrari
| 1:31,075
| +0,519
|-
! 4
| 4
|  Rubens Barrichello
| Ferrari
| 1:31,102
| +0,546
|-
! 5
| 5
|  Heinz-Harald Frentzen
| Jordan-Mugen-Honda
| 1:31,359
| +0,803
|-
! 6
| 6
|  Jarno Trulli
| Jordan-Mugen-Honda
| 1:31,504
| +0,948
|-
! 7
| 7
|  Eddie Irvine
| Jaguar-Cosworth
| 1:31,514
| +0,958
|-
! 8
| 22
|  Jacques Villeneuve
| BAR-Honda
| 1:31,968
| +1,412
|-
! 9
| 11
|  Giancarlo Fisichella
| Benetton-Playlife
| 1:31,992
| +1,436
|-
! 10
| 17
|  Mika Salo
| Sauber-Petronas
| 1:32,018
| +1,462
|-
! 11
| 9
|  Ralf Schumacher
| Williams-BMW
| 1:32,220
| +1,664
|-
! 12
| 18
|  Pedro de la Rosa
| Arrows-Supertec
| 1:32,323
| +1,767
|-
! 13
| 19
|  Jos Verstappen
| Arrows-Supertec
| 1:32,477
| +1,921
|-
! 14
| 12
|  Alexander Wurz
| Benetton-Playlife
| 1:32,775
| +2,219
|-
! 15
| 15
|  Nick Heidfeld
| Prost-Peugeot
| 1:33,024
| +2,468
|-
! 16
| 23
|  Ricardo Zonta
| BAR-Honda
| 1:33,117
| +2,561
|-
! 17
| 14
|  Jean Alesi
| Prost-Peugeot
| 1:33,197
| +2,641
|-
! 18
| 20
|  Marc Gené
| Minardi-Fondmetal
| 1:33,261
| +2,705
|-
! 19
| 16
|  Pedro Diniz
| Sauber-Petronas
| 1:33,378
| +2,822
|-
! 20
| 8
|  Johnny Herbert
| Jaguar-Cosworth
| 1:33,638
| +3,082
|-
! 21
| 10
|  Jenson Button
| Williams-BMW
| 1:33,828
| +3,272
|-
! 22
| 21
|  Gastón Mazzacane
| Minardi-Fondmetal
| 1:34,705
| +4,149
|}

Dirka

|-
! 1
| 3
|  Michael Schumacher
| Ferrari
| 58
| 1:34:01,987
| 3
| 10
|-
! 2
| 4
|  Rubens Barrichello
| Ferrari
| 58
| + 11,415 s
| 4
| 6
|-
! 3
| 9
|  Ralf Schumacher
| Williams-BMW
| 58
| + 20,009 s
| 11
| 4
|-
! 4
| 22
|  Jacques Villeneuve
| BAR-Honda
| 58
| + 44,447 s
| 8
| 3
|-
! 5
| 11
|  Giancarlo Fisichella
| Benetton-Playlife
| 58
| + 45,165 s
| 9
| 2
|-
! 6
| 23
|  Ricardo Zonta
| BAR-Honda
| 58
| + 46,468 s
| 16
| 1
|-
! 7
| 12
|  Alexander Wurz
| Benetton-Playlife
| 58
| + 46,915 s
| 14
|
|-
! 8
| 20
|  Marc Gené
| Minardi-Fondmetal
| 57
| +1 krog
| 18
|
|-
! 9
| 15
|  Nick Heidfeld
| Prost-Peugeot
| 56
| +2 kroga
| 16
|
|-
! DSQ
| 17
|  Mika Salo
| Sauber-Petronas
| 58
| Diskvalifikacija
| 10
|
|-
! Ods
| 10
|  Jenson Button
| Williams-BMW
| 46
| Motor
| 21
|
|-
! Ods
| 16
|  Pedro Diniz
| Sauber-Petronas
| 41
| Prenos
| 19
|
|-
! Ods
| 21
|  Gastón Mazzacane
| Minardi-Fondmetal
| 40
| Menjalnik
| 22
|
|-
! Ods
| 5
|  Heinz-Harald Frentzen
| Jordan-Mugen-Honda
| 39
| Hidravlika
| 5
|
|-
! Ods
| 6
|  Jarno Trulli
| Jordan-Mugen-Honda
| 35
| Motor
| 6
|
|-
! Ods
| 14
|  Jean Alesi
| Prost-Peugeot
| 27
| Hidravlika
| 17
|
|-
! Ods
| 1
|  Mika Häkkinen
| McLaren-Mercedes
| 18
| Motor
| 1
|
|-
! Ods
| 19
|  Jos Verstappen
| Arrows-Supertec
| 16
| Vzmetenje
| 13
|
|-
! Ods
| 2
|  David Coulthard
| McLaren-Mercedes
| 11
| Motor
| 2
|
|-
! Ods
| 18
|  Pedro de la Rosa
| Arrows-Supertec
| 6
| Vzmetenje
| 12
|
|-
! Ods
| 7
|  Eddie Irvine
| Jaguar-Cosworth
| 6
| Zavrten
| 7
|
|-
! Ods
| 8
|  Johnny Herbert
| Jaguar-Cosworth
| 1
| Sklopka
| 20
|
|}

Opombe
Mika Salo je sicer končal dirko na šestem mestu, a bil zaradi neskladja prednjih krilc s pravili diskvalificiran.

Formula 1 sezona 2000
2000

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Jeffrey and Brittany were married on October 10th with a ceremony at the Eolia Mansion at Harkness Park.
Jeffrey and Brittany met on her last year as a Patriots cheerleader. It was a Super Bowl winning season, too, and it was so exciting that the couple was able to celebrate that exciting win together. This amazing couple loves the ocean, watching the sunset, their two fur babies and little man Julian, traveling, antiquing, going to concerts and watching sports. And of course—they love pizza and the Patriots! Not only is Britt super-talented with her cheerleading, but Jeff is also talented. He has killer bartending skills, an eye for photography and is super handy. He built most of their beautiful home himself!
On a chilly early spring day, Jeff and Britt were out on Groton Long Point walking the beach. With their shared love for the beach, one of their favorite weekend activities is wandering the shore looking for sea glass. They made their way down to the end of east dock and were sitting there, watching the water. Britt had started to get a little bit cold—and by her own admission, when she gets cold, she gets grouchy. But when Jeff encouraged her to wait, she realized he was up to something. When she saw him get down on one knee, she says everything is a blur, but apparently she said yes!
Jeff and Britt had an intimate ceremony at the mansion with about 15 of their closest friends and family. Their ceremony was supposed to be outside in the gardens, but the rain changed their plans. Luckily, the ceremony was able to be moved inside the mansion, into a gorgeous sunroom. The huge windows overlooked the nearby shoreline and the arched, painted ceilings of the room provided a beautiful backdrop for their vows. The mural on the ceiling depicted four seasons of changing florals, so it was like bringing the gardens inside. After they said their "I Do's," we took some family portraits and ventured out between the raindrops to take portraits of Jeff and Britt as husband and wife!
Jeff and Britt braved the rain to adventure around the grounds of Harkness with me. The pergola and spectacular stone structures in the amazing Harkness gardens provided some cover for portraits. Their son Julian was such a little ham for the photos and was just cheesing it up with his little grin and adorable little outfit. He was all smiles in all of his pictures, from when mama was getting ready through the family portraits. What a cutie!
We then adventured down to the water. That's when it really started to rain. Britt and Jeff were absolute champs, though. They were so excited to take portraits by the ocean, their love for the water eclipsed only by their love for each other. At one point, a wave came up and soaked both of them. They both just started hysterically laughing. No amount of water could douse their happiness or dampen their celebration.
As the saying goes – "Life isn't about waiting for the storm to pass… It's about learning to dance in the rain." These two literally danced in the rain together!! And of course, stormy ocean portraits are always so pretty!
Jeff and Britt, I am so happy for the two of you! You two are a great team and amazing parents to little Julian. He is so lucky to have you guys! Cheers to a bright future together!


text:
Wednesday, July 26, 2017 Staff
TNP Seeks Input on Food Security
WARREN, Ohio – The Trumbull Neighborhood Partnership will host three community meetings on food security in the city July 27 and August 2.
Tomorrow's meeting will be held 6 to 7:30 p.m. at the Southeast Side Community Association hall, 2534 Milton St. SE. The August 2 meetings will be held 10 to 11:30 a.m. at the YWCA of Warren and 5 to 6:30 p.m. at the Raymond John Wean Foundation.
During the meetings, TNP's Garden Resource of Warren program will look for input on ideas to improve access to healthful food in the city.
"Community food security is a very complex issue that cannot be achieved from an individual perspective by a single organization," the organization said in a release. "It will take a collaborative effort by public, private, government, and institutional entities, as well as the citizens of Warren, Ohio to achieve community food security and increase access to the foods and nutrients needed to live healthy and enriched lives."
The meetings are part of the Community Food Security Assessment Project, which includes creating a demographic profile of the city and examines food distribution, affordability and production resources.
"This allows us to recreate, on a much smaller scale, the same process we followed over 3 years that lead to the neighborhood plans we developed that focused on blight remediation," said TNP Executive Director Matt Martin in a release. "There is a lot of work to do, but the formula is fairly simple: we collect data, conduct community outreach and use the two to develop a plan."
Penn-Northwest Awarded $100K for Homegrown Initiative
HERMITAGE, Pa. – Penn-Northwest Development Corp. on Monday announced additional funding for the Homegrown Initiative, a project of Penn-Northwest's Future Leaders group. First funded with a $200,000 grant from Pennsylvania's Department of Community and Economic Development in 2021, the commonwealth…
City Wants Chill-Can to Tell What It Did with Equipment Used as Collateral
YOUNGSTOWN, Ohio – The city has asked a court to order the developer of the Chill-Can project to deliver documents and information related to the status of specific equipment that the city says is covered under a security agreement the…
Agencies Aid Those Living in Old Housing in a Food Desert
YOUNGSTOWN, Ohio – With inflation placing bigger burdens on those served by community nonprofits, leaders are finding ways to handle food and housing needs. More senior citizens than ever are heading to a food pantry to supplement what they can…


text:
Benjamin Cimatu, bedre kendt som Branco, er en dansk musiker.

Branco startede sin musikalske karriere i rapgrupperne MellemFingaMuzik og Molotov Movement, inden han i juni 2019 udgav sit første soloalbum, Baba Business, der blev nummer 1 på den danske album-hitliste. Han udgav i februar 2020 i fællesskab med Gilli albummet Euro Connection og i januar 2021 Baba Business 2.

Baggrund
Han er opvokset i Albertslund på Københavns Vestegn og har filippinske rødder. Han kom ind på en kriminel løbebane og var som 17-årig millionær ifølge ham selv.

Han er far til tre.

Karriere
Branco startede sin karriere i 2011. Stepz og Branco dannede tilsammen gaderap-duoen MellemFingaMuzik, og duoen udgjorde desuden halvdelen af Molotov Movement, der også tæller rappere som Gilli og Højer Øye.

Sammen med BMB-medlemmet Miklo blev han i juni 2018 beskudt på den københavnske vestegn. Det skete få dage før, at Molotov Movement skulle udgive deres debut-EP, M.O.L.O.. De besluttede sig herefter for, at de ville satse på en musikalsk karriere, og at de ville vende ryggen til det gadeliv, som havde formet dem.

Den 14. juni 2019 udgav Branco sit første soloalbum, Baba Business. De refleksioner, der kom som følge af skudepisoden i juni 2018, dannede grundlaget for debutalbummet, der handlede om, hvordan han var kommet ind på en kriminel løbebane, samt "den tilsvarende svære vej ind på dydens smalle sti". GAFFA kvitterede med tre ud af seks stjerner til albummet, og albummet gik direkte ind på 1. pladsen på den danske album-hitliste. Bare i den første uge var albummet blevet streamet mere end 900.000 gange.

Branco slog for alvor igennem med nummeret "London Town" fra oktober 2019 sammen med Gilli. Nummeret opnåede i de følgende uger over 100.000 afspilninger om ugen og var nummer 1 på den samlede danske album-hitliste fire uger i træk, og i august 2020 havde nummeret haft over 13,5 millioner afspilninger på Spotify. Han var ved Danish Music Awards nomineret i kategorierne 'Årets nye danske navn' og 'Årets urbannavn', men han valgte ikke at møde op til prisuddelingen.

Den 5. februar 2020 udkom albummet Euro Connection. Albummet blev i den følgende uge nummer 1 på den danske album-hitliste. Det fik blandt andet fire ud af seks stjerner i Soundvenue og fem af seks i GAFFA. På albummet var der gæsteoptrædener fra franske Daks samt britiske Nafe Smallz, og efterfølgende udgav Branco solosangene 'Ballin' og det nye 'Djomb (Remix)', der er lavet sammen med henholdsvis britiske Kojo Funds og franske Bosh. Kristian Karl fra Soundvenue mente, at det viste, at Branco havde internationale ambitioner, og at det var særligt, at han sigtede mod at lave gennembruddet på dansk.

Diskografi

Soloalbum

Med andre musikere

Med Gilli

Med MellemFingaMuzik og Molotov Movement

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Rappere fra Danmark


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This athletic and relaxed 3/4-sleeved French terry sweatshirt is great for the gym or a day around the town. It is made of 50% combed ringspun cotton, and 50% polyester lightweight French terry.


text:
Q: Using jQuery callback function? I've been trying to learn jQuery and it's going pretty alright for me, I think. However, I can't seem to figure out how to make my coding efficient enough. Some times instead of using the callback function I do like a "double code", simply because I can't seem to figure out how to SKIP the "easing" thing, which makes me unable to use the callbacks.
I've tried to make a navbar which fades out using jQuery animate and opacity, however, sometimes when you hover over the navbar too fast it gets stuck at the opacity, and some times they just keep blinking and won't stop for a while. I can't seem to figure out how I can fix it, this is my code for the navigation bar:
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(document).ready()
    $("#navbar ul li.1 a").mouseover(function() {
        $("#navbar ul li.1 a").animate({
            opacity: 0.5
        }, 500, function() {
            $("#navbar ul li.1 a").mouseout(function() {
                $("#navbar ul li.1 a").animate({
                    opacity: 1.0
                }, 500, function() {
                });
            });
        });
    });
    $("#navbar ul li.2 a").mouseover(function() {
        $("#navbar ul li.2 a").animate({
            opacity: 0.5
        }, 500, function() {
            $("#navbar ul li.2 a").mouseout(function() {
                $("#navbar ul li.2 a").animate({
                    opacity: 1.0
                }, 500, function() {
                });
            });
        });
    });
    $("#navbar ul li.3 a").mouseover(function() {
        $("#navbar ul li.3 a").animate({
            opacity: 0.5
        }, 500, function() {
            $("#navbar ul li.3 a").mouseout(function() {
                $("#navbar ul li.3 a").animate({
                    opacity: 1.0
                }, 500, function() {
                });
            });
        });
    });
    $("#navbar ul li.4 a").mouseover(function() {
        $("#navbar ul li.4 a").animate({
            opacity: 0.5
        }, 500, function() {
            $("#navbar ul li.4 a").mouseout(function() {
                $("#navbar ul li.4 a").animate({
                    opacity: 1.0
                }, 500, function() {
                });
            });
        });
    });
</script>

I hope you can help me, thank you in advance!

A: Use this to refer to the element on which the event was detected  :
$("#navbar ul li a").mouseover(function() {
    var $a = $(this);
    $a.off('mouseout'); // unbind the previous mouseout event handlers
    $a.animate({
        opacity: 0.5
    }, 500, function() {
        $a.on('mouseout', function() {
            $a.animate({
                opacity: 1.0
            }, 500);
        });
    });
});

A: Some things to note:

*

*Use .hover() and save yourself a couple of event handlers. This binding allows you to pass the mouseenter and mouseleave methods directly in.

*Look at .stop() and how it can save you from animation hangs.

*Take advantage of the multiple selectors jquery can use (it looks like the only difference in all of those is a class on the nested li element.

Assembling it all:
$('#navbar ul')                 // start with UL within #navbar
   .find('li.1,li.2,li.3,li.4') // find the <li>'s with classes 1-4
   .find('a')                   // find the <a>'s within those matches
  .hover(function(e){           // add binding
    // mouseenter
    $(this)                            // <a> target
      .stop()                          // stop current animation
      .animate({ opacity: 0.5 }, 500); // begin new animation
  }, function(e){
    // mouseleave
    $(this)                            // <a> target
      .stop()                          // stop current animation
      .animate({ opacity: 1.0 }, 500); // begin new animation

  });

Also, you could probably use .fadeTo() if you want to only adjust opacity, but that's your call. I don't know enough about your intent and you may just be playing with opacity as a test to get it working.
Working example

A: The following article explains exactly how to fix your problem: http://www.learningjquery.com/2009/01/quick-tip-prevent-animation-queue-buildup
So basically adding stop() before starting the animation - by calling animate() - jQuery prevents building up an animation 'queue'.

A: Try this...
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(function() {
        $("#navbar ul li a").mouseover(function() {
            $(this).stop().animate({
                opacity: 0.5
            }, 500);
        }).mouseout(function() {
            $(this).stop().animate({
                opacity: 1.0
            }, 500);
        });
    });
</script>

I've replaced the multiple DOM lookups with just one.  It finds all #navbar ul li a tags and adds relevant code, using this which is the selected element, for mouseover and mouseout.  I've also added stop() to stop any running animations at the time, which will stop the issue you have when you mouseover and out a few times quickly.
Finally, I've used $(function() { }) instead of document.ready, just because that's how I do it.
I used to struggle with animation queues until I found out about stop().  From my understanding that's your main problem but the above code should work better for you regardless.

A: Caching your selectors is more performant, but you can also chain your handlers for something that reads a little cleaner:
$("#navbar li a") // i'm assuming you want to target all li > a  elements in your nav (but maybe your markup is complicated enough to justify li.1 etc.
  .mouseover(function() {
      $(this).animate({
          opacity: 0.5
      }, 500);
  }).mouseout(function() { // still refers to the same object
      $(this).stop().animate({
          opacity: 1.0
      }, 500 );
  });

A: Could be using handlerInOut of hover method:
{ stealing Brad Christie's selector & idea... :) }
$('#navbar ul:has(li.1,li.2,li.3,li.4) a').hover(function () {
    if (!$(this).data('out')) $(this).data('out', true).stop().fadeTo(500, .5);
    else $(this).data('out', false).stop().fadeTo(500, 1);
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Listen to Scarlett Johansson cover U2 with Bono in 'Sing 2' trailer
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'Marriage Story' review: tear-stained break-up drama will have you in floods
Get the hankies at the ready. Noah Baumbach's searing examination of a marital break-up, Marriage Story, is tailor-made to bring great swathes of the watery stuff...
Scarlett Johansson says quotes about casting were "widely taken out of context"
Scarlett Johansson has addressed the backlash to comments she made about casting by clarifying that they were "taken out of context". In a statement released...
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New single 'Candy' will be released on Dave Sitek's label Federal Prism


text:
using System.IO;
using Gibbed.Spore.Helpers;

namespace Gibbed.Spore.Properties
{
	[PropertyDefinition("vector2", "vector2s", 48)]
	public class Vector2Property : Property
	{
		public float X;
		public float Y;

		public override void ReadProp(Stream input, bool array)
		{
			this.X = input.ReadF32();
			this.Y = input.ReadF32();

			if (array == false)
			{
				input.Seek(8, SeekOrigin.Current);
			}
		}

		public override void WriteProp(Stream output, bool array)
		{
			output.WriteF32(this.X);
			output.WriteF32(this.Y);

			if (array == false)
			{
				output.WriteU32(0); // junk
				output.WriteU32(0); // junk
			}
		}

		public override void WriteXML(System.Xml.XmlWriter output)
		{
			output.WriteStartElement("x");
			output.WriteValue(this.X);
			output.WriteEndElement();

			output.WriteStartElement("y");
			output.WriteValue(this.Y);
			output.WriteEndElement();
		}

		public override void ReadXML(System.Xml.XmlReader input)
		{
			System.Xml.XmlReader subtree = input.ReadSubtree();

			subtree.ReadToFollowing("x");
			this.X = subtree.ReadElementContentAsFloat("x", "");

			subtree.ReadToFollowing("y");
			this.Y = subtree.ReadElementContentAsFloat("y", "");
		}
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Shared Havana cradle nurtures bonds and babies
Nubyjas J Wilborn
Democrat staff writer
Bob Bruggner had a lot of nervous energy. It was September 1980. His firstborn was on the way. So in the weeks before his wife gave birth to Robert Jr., the Havana resident got busy with his hands.
"I decided to build a baby cradle as a surprise present for her upon her return from the hospital," Bruggner recalled.
With the help of a neighbor who operated a small wood shop in Tallahassee, he spent two weeks constructing and finishing the red oak cradle and rocking stand. It would stand a little over a foot high and was about 2 feet wide.
There was just enough room for a baby to feel snug and secure. But it was strong enough to serve dozens of babies for the last 35 years.
The cradle was intricate and ornate. Other families wanted to bring their children home to the cradle. Mothers have stood by it singing their lullabies and reading bed time stories. Laughter has emanated from within it for at least three generations.
"Many of our friends admired the cradle, and it was soon being loaned out regularly to expectant friends and relatives," Bruggner said. "It was suggested that a diary should be started where the new parents could include a birth picture and record their hopes, thoughts, and reflections on becoming new parents."
After Robert Jr. was old enough to sleep in a bed, more than 30 children have been brought home to lay in that red oak cradle. On Sunday, several of those children -- some now grown -- and their parents came back to celebrate the anniversary of the crib. They gathered to celebrate life, healthy babies and love. Young and old laughed and cried tears of joy and shared memories. They agreed that the group would get together more often. The last reunion was in 1989. That wasn't often enough, they said.
"We're a family, a big extended family." Bruggner said. "I want to see these kids do well just like I do my own. I have to get them back here more often, they're all doing so well and I want to show these kids as much love as possible."
The youngest person there was 1-year-old Aria Luz Sanchez. Her father, Bruggner's neighbor Richie Sanchez, beamed as he placed his daughter in the cradle for pictures.
"I knew I wanted my daughter in that crib from the first time I saw it," Sanchez said. "You don't see craftsmanship like this anymore. I'm so happy my daughter is part of this tradition."
Robert Jr. is now 35. He holds a Ph.D. from Stanford University. He flew from California to join about three dozen others at the reunion.
"I'm amazed at how this cradle brings us all together," he said with a smile. "We're all from this small town and are doing well. Some of us are doctors, lawyers, and nurses; we're all living well and our lives started with that cradle."
Since Robert's birth, the cradle has traveled to Texas, Wisconsin and will be soon headed to New York. Avery Allaman was one of the first babies to use the cradle. She's about to deliver a baby in Brooklyn.
"It's not often that you get to pass something like this down to your children," Allaman said, "My sister Bree was the third child to use it, I used it and now my son will."
Once Allaman's son is born, she will return the cradle to Havana and the life cycle will be repeated. According to the detailed diary, there have been 37 children rocked to sleep in the cradle.
"We already have a waiting list once Avery brings it back," Bruggner said. "We recently re-finished it and we plan on this tradition living well after I'm gone."
Contact Nubyjas Wilborn at nwilborn@tallahassee.com or follow him on Twitter @nwilborn19


Lester B. Pearson High School's Sport-Etudes program is designed for the high performance athlete who is able to maintain high academic standards.
This high-level program is recognized by the Ministère de l'Éducation et de l'Enseignement supérieur (MEES) and is administered in conjunction with provincial sports federations. It allows students to combine learning an athletic sport and academic studies, in order to achieve excellence in both spheres.
We provide our student athletes with a supportive environment which will enable them to succeed academically while pursuing their athletic careers.
The Sport-Études program provides for a personalized daily schedule, daily study hall and tutorials, sufficient time to practice and compete in your sport, flexible deadlines and the opportunity to e-mail or fax assignments and projects.
To provide a balance between the academic and athletic development of the student athlete.
To provide time to work on school assignments and to access remedial help when required.
Reduce the mental and psychological stress created by both academic and athletic demands.
A student must meet the requirements for a Secondary School Diploma in 75% of the designated time, leaving the remaining 25% of the time to pursue the athletic endeavor.
The schedule must allow for the student athlete to cover all the required subjects.
The student athletes are to maintain an average to above average success rate in each subject. They will also receive pedagogical support whenever necessary.
You must be classified by your sports federation as an espoir / relève / excellence / or élite athlete.
You must be eligible to attend a public English School.
You must be able to maintain the program's academic standards.
In addition to having provincial agreements with the sports federations above, Lester B. Pearson High School also offers a Sports Concentration Program. Students enrolled in these sports enjoy the same schedule and academic benefits as those students recognized as Sport-Etudes. Students in the Sports Concentration Program must meet a certain level of ability and level of training within their sport.
The success of the Sports-Études program depends on the collaboration of many partners, including the Lester B. Pearson High School administration, staff and Governing Board, and of course, its sports partners.