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Q: Laplace [Heat] type equation with source terms $$\lambda_h \frac{\partial^2 \theta_w}{\partial x^2} + \lambda_c V \frac{\partial^2 \theta_w}{\partial y^2} =\beta_h e^{-\beta_h x} \int e^{\beta_h x} \theta_w(x,y) \, \mathrm{d}x + \beta_c e^{-\beta_c y} \int e^{\beta_c y} \theta_w(x,y) \, \mathrm{d}y$$
on a domain where $x,y$ vary between $0$ to $1$. The bc(s) are
$$\frac{\partial \theta_w(0,y)}{\partial x}=\frac{\partial \theta_w(1,y)}{\partial x}=0 $$
$$\frac{\partial \theta_w(x,0)}{\partial y}=\frac{\partial \theta_w(x,1)}{\partial y}=0 $$
The two terms on the RHS come from solving the following two
$$ \frac{\partial \theta_h}{\partial x} + \beta_h (\theta_h - \theta_w) = 0,
\frac{\partial \theta_c}{\partial y} + \beta_c (\theta_c - \theta_w) = 0$$
which have bc(s) as $\theta_h(0,y)=1$ and $\theta_c(x,0)=0$.
Then subsequently $\theta_h$ and $\theta_c$ were eliminated from the following $$\lambda_h \frac{\partial^2 \theta_w}{\partial x^2} + \lambda_c V \frac{\partial^2 \theta_w}{\partial y^2} = \frac{\partial \theta_h}{\partial x} + V\frac{\partial \theta_c}{\partial y} $$
to reach the top equation
So to start i had three coupled PDEs
\begin{eqnarray}
  \frac{\partial \theta_h}{\partial x} + \beta_h (\theta_h - \theta_w) &=& 0,\\
  \frac{\partial \theta_c}{\partial y} + \beta_c (\theta_c - \theta_w) &=& 0,\\
  \lambda_h \frac{\partial^2 \theta_w}{\partial x^2} + \lambda_c V \frac{\partial^2 \theta_w}{\partial y^2} - \frac{\partial \theta_h}{\partial x} - V\frac{\partial \theta_c}{\partial y} &=& 0
\end{eqnarray}
and then i worked onto the top equation
Any advice on how to move forward with this problem ?

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The purpose of this subcommittee is to help make sure that PCDA and the campus are aware of various indications of the extent to which Lawrence is welcoming and inclusive of various groups of students, faculty and staff, particularly those traditionally underserved by higher education. This includes, but is not limited to, review of climate survey data, bias incident reports, and reports of various forms of discrimination including violations of Title IX and general student satisfaction. The committee will monitor data related to equity in student and employee success including retention and participation in high impact educational practices. The group will also provide recommendations regarding ways to enhance/improve campus climate.
The purpose of this subcommittee is to continue efforts related to recruiting a more diverse faculty and begin to systematically employ similar techniques to the recruitment of staff in an intentional effort to use best practices to diversify Lawrence employees and achieve inclusive excellence by hiring the best qualified applicants.
The purpose of this subcommittee is to identify and help implement best practices related to the retention of faculty and staff, particularly those underrepresented in higher education or a particular employment group. Some of these techniques include targeted mentoring and coaching programs, as well as employee resource/affiliation groups.
The purpose of this subcommittee is to provide a variety of training opportunities related to improving cultural competency and the ability to hold productive conversations and deliberations across differences on the part of students, staff and faculty.
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The Committee on Diversity Affairs (CODA) is a sub-committee of the Lawrence University Community Council which helps to represent all student identities, especially those that are under-represented, in the decision making process. CODA exists to support different diversity focused organizations on campus by promoting the groups' events and interests while addressing issues of injustice as they arise, using a social justice framework. CODA provides a safe space to discuss multiple perspectives regarding life at Lawrence as it works to brainstorm and develop solutions to help create a more inclusive campus. The committee also assists the Assistant Dean for Multicultural Affairs.
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The Faculty/Staff Pride resource group is for faculty and staff who identify as LGBTQ+ and for faculty and staff with family who identify as such. This group will provide a space to build community and identify resources. In addition, the group will host opportunities for networking and socializing for those who identify as LGBTQ+ (or are family) in and outside of the Lawrence community. For more information please contact Dakota Williams, Assistant Director of Alumni and Constituency Engagement at dakota.a.williams@lawrence.edu, or Helen Boyd Kramer, Instructor of Gender Studies at helen.boyd@lawrence.edu.
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Do you have a project that could benefit from a PhD student's expertise?
We have been awarded funding via the National Productivity Investment Fund (NPIF) to enable all postgraduate students funded via the Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC) to access additional Innovation placement opportunities.
Placement opportunities are requested for up to 3 months and will be fully funded by the EPSRC via Newcastle University.


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Family Support – Family Support Assistant
Nicola Cunnington 11th February 2016
Barnardo's (Bristol, South Gloucestershire and Bath & North East Somerset) Published: 11th February 2016
The New Fulford Family Centre, Gatehouse Avenue, United Kingdom
Children's Services - Volunteer
Purpose of Position
To work alongside Barnardo's Project Worker, assigned to a particular family.
Role could include:
Offering advice and signposting to parents around a variety of subject.
Helping parents/children/young people to access services and support in the local area.
Providing practical advice to parents to enhance parenting skills.
Mentoring work with children and young people, where appropriate.
The aim of the work overall is to support families who have difficulties, so that family life improves.
Examples could include:
Mentoring work: Visiting young people in their homes, going out in the community with young people, finding out their interests, doing activities that the young person enjoys, keeping the project worker informed of any concerns about the young person.
Parenting work: Working with parents to embed parenting skills in their family's life and support them to work towards and end goal, alongside the Project Worker.
Family support: travelling with parents to or meet parents at appointments to encourage them to attend, researching resources in the local community.
Due to the importance of building up a relationship with a family, we are looking for someone who can commit to at least 1.5 hours every two weeks for a minimum of 6 months.
Period of opportunity
Attitude/Skills/ Knowledge required
Ability to work with young people and their families, in a warm, caring and non-judgemental way.
Ability to work as part of a team an as directed by project workers.
A full clean driving licence and own transport would be an advantage.
Training, support or other benefits available to the volunteer
Volunteer induction training package
Supervision and ongoing support
Access to Barnardo's internal training and vacancy listings
Genuine Occupational Qualifications & disclosures
DBS Check Required - Enhanced and Children's Barred list – Child Workforce
Good Neighbours Volunteer Bristol, United Kingdom

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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USMNT coach candidates for USA soccer men's team: Latest reports on Mourinho, Bielsa, Berhalter and Marsch
The US men's national team has a few directions it can go to determine who will take charge as its next head coach for the most important four-year cycle in the program's history.
Ahead of the expanded 2026 World Cup, which the USA will host alongside Canada and Mexico, the American men have a unique opportunity to use the coming years to prepare for a breakthrough on the biggest stage. The expectations on the men's team to make a deep run on home soil will be higher than in any previous edition.
After decades of trying to push into the upper echelon of international soccer, the US now has an opportunity to gain millions of fans domestically while also using the host boost to push towards a milestone World Cup performance. Therefore, hiring the right head coach is of critical importance to the health of the national team not just now, but for years and decades to come.
With 2022 World Cup boss Gregg Berhalter out of contract and his future still to be determined with an investigation also currently underway, The Sporting News brings you a rundown of some of the possibilities as the US soccer federation makes its next coaching hire.
MORE: Where will the 2026 World Cup final be held?
Gregg Berhalter as next USMNT coach?
Former USMNT defender Gregg Berhalter was hired to take charge of the US national team in 2018, leading the US back to the World Cup after the devastating failure to qualify in 2018. He managed the USA in Qatar, seeing the US out of Group B, but then suffered elimination at the hands of the Netherlands in the Round of 16.
There are two main considerations at play in determining whether Berhalter is the right man for another four-year cycle.
First, did Berhalter do enough in his four years in charge to deserve a new contract? He won regional trophies in North America (CONCACAF) and qualified for the knockout rounds of the World Cup, while developing young talent and setting up the player pool for future success. But there is a faction of the fanbase that believes he could have done more in his time.
MORE: Should the USA retain Gregg Berhalter or move on?
Second, Berhalter is currently under investigation for an incident of domestic violence that occurred over 30 years ago which came to light due to the Reyna family disclosing it in reaction to their son's treatment during and after the 2022 World Cup.
The 1991 incident, the handling of Giovanni Reyna, and other findings of the investigation will all factor into the US federation's final decision on Berhalter.
MORE: Berhalter-Reyna saga explained as domestic violence report leads to investigation
Jesse Marsch next USMNT head coach?
The Leeds United boss is a popular name when discussing USMNT coaching candidates. His rise to a Premier League manager has made him a well-liked figure back in his home country. There aren't many top-level American coaches who have reached the level he has, so naturally his name will crop up when there is an opening.
However, despite his work at the club level, it's no sure thing Marsch would make a good USMNT coach or that he would be a viable candidate to begin with.
First of all, he has a contract with Leeds United through the summer of 2025, which would need to be sorted out should he still be employed by Leeds when US Soccer came calling. With Leeds mired in a relegation battle, some have begun calling for his dismissal, and he may wish to continue solidifying his standing as a coach at the highest club level before transitioning to the national team stage.
Additionally, Marsch plays a very specific tactical style which may not necessarily translate to the national team environment.
National team coaches typically deploy a more pragmatic, structured approach despite having better talent at their disposal. Players only get to train a few weeks out of the year with their national team, and Marsch's high-press, high-energy style of play requires regular practice time and an understanding of the tactical nuance involved in order to be implemented.
Still, the 49-year-old is an exceptional coach who has Champions League, Premier League, and domestic league experience with MLS. He has developed a reputation as a man-manager and knows the American player well, plus he has managed the likes of Tyler Adams and Brenden Aaronson at the club level, which would only help as a national team coach.
MORE: USMNT's 2023 schedule
Jim Curtin next USMNT head coach?
The best domestic option would likely come in the person of Philadelphia Union head coach Jim Curtin. Some fans may not be keen to dip back into the MLS well after Berhalter, but Curtin's resume is glittering.
The 43-year-old Pennsylvania native has been with the Union his entire coaching career, and has proven his ability to develop young talent, win with a limited roster, and deliver consistent performances within the salary restrictions of MLS. He has won MLS Coach of the Year twice, and has seen cup success domestically, reaching both the US Open Cup final and the MLS Cup final during his tenure.
While US Soccer continues to plod along in its decision-making process, Curtin is reportedly in talks to extend his contract with the Union, and while that wouldn't necessarily rule him out of contention for the USMNT job, it would make acquiring his services a much more expensive and complicated process.
Jose Mourinho as USMNT head coach?
According to a report by World Soccer Talk, current Roma coach Jose Mourinho is on the shortlist of names for the US Soccer Federation should they move on from Berhalter.
Mourinho has proven to be a divisive figure at some of the stops in his career, and while he has achieved undisputed success at the highest European level (Champions League, Premier League, and Serie A titles, just to name a few), he also comes with a number of risk factors.
First, Mourinho has never managed on the international level, which is a completely different landscape. Yet that shouldn't be too big of a drawback, as neither have other names believed to be candidates.
Even with all the trophies he's won, when results become hard to come by, some of his coaching spells have ended poorly. Mourinho's trophy haul has slowed in recent years, and for a manager who made his name with big budgets and stars, development of young talent isn't something he's known for, although he's getting a taste of it in Italy with Roma.
It's hard to make the argument that Mourinho would be a sensible choice for a long-term project such as managing a national team over a four-year cycle, but his past success and big name make him an enticing option.
Other USMNT coach candidates: Zidane, Low and others
Other names have been mentioned in connection with the US national team job.
Former Real Madrid boss Zinedine Zidane would be an incredible hire, but he has reportedly turned down the job along with a number of other offers, according to a report by French publication L'Equipe.
Joachim Low, the former Germany boss, has also been mentioned as a possibility as he is currently out of a job, yet to secure his next role since leaving the German national team in 2021 though he is reportedly looking for a new gig. While Low has plenty of national team success in his managerial past, he left Germany in tatters when he departed, and US fans may still have PTSD from ex-Germany coaches given how the Jurgen Klinsmann era ended.
Two domestic-based names that have been floated are former USMNT players Steve Cherundolo and Tab Ramos.
Cherundolo is just now cutting his teeth as LAFC manager, only on the heels of his first season in charge after years of coaching in the Hannover youth system and a brief one-year stint with USL side Las Vegas Lights. The 43-year-old would be an exciting young hire, but handing the keys to such an inexperienced coach would be massively risky ahead of such a critical World Cup cycle.
Ramos, meanwhile, is far more experienced, having served as an assistant with the USMNT youth and senior sides for years before venturing out to test himself at the club level, but his time with the Houston Dynamo didn't quite go as planned and he's Since had to step down to the USL level with Hartford Athletic.
Former NFL player Jessie Lemonier dead at 25 – National
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Patrick Mahomes, MVP contenders, injury update, Kansas City Chiefs, record, Tyreek Hill trade
Kansas vs Kentucky Prediction | College Basketball Betting Preview
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By 8 a.m., Ruger's body was being taken to the medical examiner's office for an autopsy, and by 8:15 a.m. a green Dodge minivan was towed from the scene.
An employee at the piano warehouse, who declined to give his name, said employees were surprised at the scene as they came to work. He stood near the crime scene that cleared just moments earlier.
"It's a little bit unusual happening this morning," he said. "We have no details."
He said the office shuts down after 5 p.m. and has been located on 12th Street East since 2002. He said employees did not know who the victim was.
John Vassallo, who owns Arrowhead Industrial Services, just down the street watched the investigation unfold.
"I'm a little surprised to see it. I've been at this park late at night and there's usually no one here," Vassallo said. "We make sure we lock the door, set the alarm and close the gate, but that's really all you can do."
Anyone with information about the case can call Detective Chad Oyler at (941) 721-2000, ext. 306, Detective Ryan LaRowe at (941) 721-2000, ext. 125, or Manatee County Crime Stoppers at (866) 634-8477. Callers may remain anonymous and may be entitled to a reward.
CRIME WATCH blog | Slaying ends Palmetto's lucky streak
Julie K. Brown reports after Jeffrey Epstein's arrest in New York City
Group of masked burglars rifles through Bradenton vehicles on Fourth of July weekend
By Mark Young
Bradenton area Florida woman goes on a violent burglary rampage and gets identified through her Facebook profile.
Watch as Florida deputies bust an illegal cockfighting ring — 60 roosters were rescued
Man said he viewed thousands of child porn images, cops say. Now he's behind bars
She really, really, really wanted his PlayStation, cops says. She's now in jail
Years later, victims recount impact of Jeffrey Epstein abuse
Have you seen one of these 7 Manatee fugitives? If so, you could earn a $3,000 reward


Situated a mere 20 minute drive from Dona Filipa Hotel, the traditional city of Loulé is consumed by culture – with its origins dating back to the times of the Romans, who were later succeeded by the Algarve's Moorish occupants and various Portuguese conquerors. What remains today is a medley of markets, castles and churches; which are easily discoverable as you meander along the tree-lined plazas and narrow cobbled lanes of Loulé's historic centre.
For over 100 years, Mercado Municipal de Loulé served as the beating heart for the regions trade and commerce; still operating everyday (except Sunday) as the Algarve's primary market for everything, from local delicacies to handcrafted goods, and even Cliff Richard's Algarve grown wine.
The bulk of the market is housed within the crowning jewel of Loulé's diversely designed centre – the Art Nouveau building which takes its inspiration from the decorative domes, spheres and crescent moons of Arab architecture. While these features are distinctly Moorish, the salmon pink flourishes of the frames scream Portugal – bringing splashes of colour to Loulé's sand-hued skyline.
Beyond the building and into the bustling interiors of Mercado Municipal de Loulé; a realm of cuisine, culture and handcrafted caches await. Must tries include piri-piri peppers, displayed in colourful arrangements on the numbering stalls; though best enjoyed on charcoal-grilled chicken – providing for a true taste of Portugal. For souvenirs of your Algarve experience, look no further than the diverse array of arts and crafts lovingly handmade by local artisans. More edible mementos are provided courtesy of the indigenous wines, cheeses and cured meats that abound on the markets' sea of stalls.
Known locally as Castelo de Loulé, the first remnants of the castle date back as far as the Second-Century BC; when Roman settlers decided upon the advantageous hillside location to construct their military fortifications. The centuries that followed would see the castle inhabitants change frequently; from the Moors in 715 to the numbering Portuguese kings and conquerors who would claim the fortress for their own – each bringing with them architectural additions and cultural customs.
Today, much of Castle of Loulé has perished with the sands of time; though the imposing exteriors still remain – with a trip to the top providing for unrivalled views over the picturesque patchwork of Loulé's Old Town. The outer walls are also embellished by pristine manicured gardens and adjoining patios, where you can marvel at the macabre guillotine and antique cannons.
Where kingly interiors once endured, the buildings on the castle grounds now house the Museu Municipal de Loulé. Dating from prehistoric times to the modern day, the museum's numbering exhibits provide an insight into the long and illustrious history of Loulé – with highlights arriving in the form of Roman and Bronze Age artefacts and the excavated Moorish ruins that are viewable through a glass floor.
A further exploration of Loulé's cultural heritage is afforded through the Cozinha Tradicional Algarvia – a reconstruction of a traditional Algarvian kitchen complete with archaic utensils; and a short walk across the road will arrive you at the Dried Fruit & Nut Museum. Here, the disused factory is still equipped with the machinery that once powered the regions thriving fruit and nut industry; supplemented further with historical facts and photographs.
First constructed in the 13th Century, São Clemente is the oldest and most important church in all of Loulé; though the site on which it was raised once served as a Moorish mosque – as indicated by the Baroque bell tower which was converted from an Islamic minaret.
Much of the exterior too lends itself to a mix of periods, with significant restoration during the 16th Century catering for the churches Gothic elements – namely its lateral doorway; while the Great Lisbon Earthquake of 1755 would later pave the way for São Clemente's Baroque embellishments.
Upon stepping through the elaborate entrance of the basilica, the three-nave interior houses an impressive core; like the towering columns whose capitals are decorated with intricate art in a seemingly Islamic style. The main altar is also a veritable work of art – formed from grandiose gilded woodwork and flanked on either side by examples of Baroque sculpture.
Situated opposite Castelo de Loulé, the small but splendid Nossa Senhora da Conceição compiles three extraordinary elements: a beautifully stuccoed ceiling, an imposing gilded altar and walls that are almost entirely submerged in azulejos (hand-painted tiles).
Construction of the chapel began during the 17th Century, though like many of Loulé's churches its origins may date back to the times of Algarve's Moorish inhabitants. The Third-Century Islamic door, recovered from the floor during excavations is the biggest clue to its beginnings – still viewable today behind a protective layer of glass.


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SWE webshop
Jonas Appelgren
Jonas Appelgren, a genuine "Malmöpåg" (Citizen of Malmö) who lives together with his wife Marie and their youngest daughter Melinda in Veberöd on the doorstep to Österlen and fantastic Romeleåsen. Jonas is among others a trained Hyposynthesis therapist, Mental Trainer, Conversational therapist, crisis manager in three levels and instructor in conflict management with communication and self-protection at the police academy in Stockholm. The interest in personal development and studies was awakened from their slumber about five years ago after his entire life was turned upside down in a series of personal tragedies, right now he is studying the second year of two to "Soul Coach". Throughout his adult life, Jonas has worked in leading positions within various organizations such as the school environment, the security industry and personal protection as an armed bodyguard in different contexts. Jonas is also a Swedish champion in heavyweight boxing with several national matches and has a black belt in kickboxing. The writing and especially his philosophical thoughts have not gained enough space in his life until now when he has celebrated his 49th birthday and debuted with his strong autobiographical novel "Livet är en lek – på blodigt allvar", roughly "Life is a game – but bloody serious" at Lange Forlag.
Göran Brohammer
Göran Brohammer, 62 years old. He lives his life in Gothenburg, West Sweden. Married and has three daughters, currently 3 grandchildren. Loves nature in all its forms. Aesthetically minded and was good at painting and drawing early on, and also wrote some. Won, among others, a poetry contest as a child. But life took a different path, and after a civil engineer education in machinery and energy, the choice was within the Swedish industry. After 10 years of such focus, he then slipped over into the environmental area and was active in the area of life-cycle analyses and environmental audits. After another 10 years, the career choice slipped into the area of social responsibility and there he is still active today, even though he has partly started to take out his pension. Göran has written a few books before within the subject area environment.
As a consultant in the field of environment and social responsibility, he has traveled around the world for many years. The literary writing that has just begun fetches its inspiration in technology, nature, and the environment, humanism and spirituality and the interaction between them.
Karl Johansson
I have worked almost 24 years within its graphics industry (in a bookbinding company) and in recent years I have worked in healthcare. As for my writing, I have been on for a number of years and previously been published with shorter prose texts and short stories in various journals. This will be my first novel script published by a publisher.
Björn Jacobsson
I was born and raised in Malmö and live here again today. I have spent a good portion of my adult life in an international environment in many different countries and cultures. Here I have worked and lived because of my profession as a businessman. I also like to travel and for me, traveling, meeting new people and environments is a way of living and developing. I also spend a lot of my time in Österlen and have done so since my youth. There you are close to both the sea and nature. I love to sail, but also diving is one of my favorite activities.
The story in Sillastryparen has been in my mind for many years. However, it wasn't until a few years ago that I grabbed the thing and started its script. It is a portrayal, which connects some real-life events of the present time, with a number of invented episodes. I personally have been involved in some of the events. It's my debut as a writer.
Leif Eriksson was born and raised in Strängnäs, Sweden, but has long lived in Norway. In 2009 he released the novel "Peugeot Overdrive" and in 2011 "Jag, en punktmarkerare". "S.K.U.N.K." is his third novel.
Bijan Farhanieh & Marita Karlsson
Bijan Farhanieh & Marita Karlsson have together written some novels in Swedish.
Bijan started writing when he was 15 years old. For the past ten years, he has spent more and more time on the writing. He has written 70 novels and has three published fiction books.
The most recent publications:
The Bride ("Galin" in Persian) published by Behnami publication.
Marals Eyes (in Persian) published by Koleposhti publication.
Physics of turbulence (Sharif Press)
Dynamics of heat fluxes (Sharif Press)
Viscous flows (Gilan Press)
Charlotte Hector
Charlotte Hector, 30 years old.
She lives in Högdalen and has worked for 11 years at a preschool in Kärrtorp.
Since childhood, she had a great interest in writing and creation. "Upp och Ner" first came out as an e-book in May 2018 at Lange Forlag and was well received by the readers. A printed version will be available in both Swedish and English.
Ethel Hedström
In the autumn of 2014, Ethel stopped working in the business world and finally got the opportunity to write fiction full-time. Ethel has published short stories at other publishers and in weekly magazines. In addition to short stories, she writes fiction texts that she publishes on her blog and occasionally her chronicles are published on a cultural site. Currently, it is a planned trilogy, three novels about relationships, that engage Ethel most. The social game between people is something that interests her a lot. She often thinks about how and why we behave as we do to each other. Why we fight for empowerment, everyone's right to freedom and their own life choices. Why we never give up, but continue to struggle, albeit in a strong headwind.
Christina Henricson
Emil Karlsson
Emil Karlsson is the author of the fantasy book, "Adam Stormstjärna and the lost legacy". It was released on Lange Forlag 2016 and is part 1 of 3. Part 2 will soon be released.
The book is about Adam Stormstjärna and his brother Björn who lose their mother and move home to their grandmother on Öland. There they become friends with a curious and tough girl named Alva. Adam thinks everything is as it should and tries to adapt to his new life in a new school in a new city. But soon it will be revealed that nothing is as he believed and that behind the family's calm and ordinary surface, unbelievable secrets were hiding. And everything begins with the fact that he inherits a box from his mother. He is then thrown into a big and dangerous adventure.
Mattias Kvick
PC Nilsson
Camilla was born into a dysfunctional family in the early 1970s Värmland, a time when mental illness, self-medication, and abuse was spoken very quietly about. However, I was lucky to end up in a class with nice classmates and highly competent educators. The other parents did what they could to help me and my brother. We went along to different summer cottages and other vacations so that we would not spend the entire summer vacation in our apartment in the small community. We learned early on to take the bike to bathing places and to play in the woods with all the freedom it entails. I am what you call a dandelion child. I have always searched for good people and borrowed security, from a friend's dad's arm or been taught crochet by someone else's mother. That has continued into my adult life.
She has worked in healthcare, as an educator with children and young people and always had a desire to help others with difficulties in different ways. I have experienced close up what stress does to people. Both to others and myself.
Through my private and professional experience, I have now linked them to entrepreneurship that promotes recovery and the path to holistic health. I have a salutogenic approach where I clearly see how both the psychological and physical effects, but also how important the environment in which you live and work is. If you are in a place where you do not feel comfortable, then you will eventually get sick in one way or another.
I am very much addressed by evidence-based research while using my highly developed intuition when I work. To me, there is only one way to achieve happiness, health, and well-being and that is through your own heart.
It has become obvious for me to sort, compost and recycle. For many years now, I've eaten locally produced and organic as much as possible, exercised regularly and to thought kindly about myself. I also know how it is like do not do all these things, and that you can't start doing all of them at once. I have an optimistic view of humanity and am convinced that the good always wins, sooner or later, but we must take care of our planet and we must do that now. One step at a time, through love for oneself, others and everything that lives and grows.
Oskar Romell
Oskar Romell was born and raised in Stockholm. For some time now, he's been living in Maputo, Mozambique. He is working as a Branch manager and project manager at a company that builds power lines in Africa.
He started writing at an early age, mostly articles and chronicles on various football pages. With a burning interest in horror films and literature combined with the view that the market lacks a quick and intense horror novel, the ideas for a book began to emerge.
The debut novel "Die as I died"/"Dö som jag dog" is a fiction horror story told at a high pace. With classic horror as a foundation and a modern intensity, the goal is to make the reader constantly alert and induce shivering throughout the body. The book will be released at Lange Forlag in November 2019.
Bengt Rålin
Bengt Rålin, for almost 40 years, he has his career in ambulance care. He has often met with these vulnerable women in his work. At each occasion, he feels the same frustration, hopelessness and often anger when he met these often abused and depressed women, who are in the most diverse environments. These women you meet as much on the finest of villas, as in smaller status areas. These women's hopeless calls for help usually look the same way. But the calls are rarely seen by neighbors, friends or even close relatives.
He has been married for forty years and has three wonderful daughters together. Four grandchildren, all girls. Perhaps this is the reason his feelings are so obvious and direct when he meets these devastated women. But we all need to react. All of us should dare to see. Everyone should dare to get involved when these suspicions become obvious and clear. The reaction from the surroundings must come before the woman's name is mentioned, in the newsletter or on the internet.
Magnus Rörström-Pellgaard
Magnus Rörström Pellgaard, born 1969, grew up in Västerås but has lived in Falun in Dalarna for more than 25 years.
For 20 years, he worked as a teacher and has since worked as a lecturer, regular administrator, and administrator in adult education.
Writing has always been central in his life, to tell a story and to give it life.
Daniel Sjöberg, born in February 1973, grew up in Tyresö, outside Stockholm. He now lives in Bromma, west of Stockholm, with his wife Susannah and their four-year-old son Ellis. The writing has always been there and naturally also became a profession. As a journalist, Daniel has worked for several of the major newspapers, such as Dagens Nyheter, Aftonbladet, and Svenska Dagbladet. Writing books has come and gone, but in connection with the parental leave from the assignment as a football examiner at Expressen, it gained traction for the first time. For ten months, during the hours the son enjoyed sleeping dinner, Daniel was at the computer, writing.
One and a half script was completed before it was time to return to work, but by that time the book dream was impossible to put aside and writing continued.
The third script, just as many years old, became the story that got the name Nästan Friends, which is getting published at Lange Forlag 2020. With this message, Daniel has begun his fourth script, his first thriller.
When Daniel isn't writing or working, the family instead gets the attention. Well, sometimes a football game.
Harriette Sjödahl
Harriette Sjödahl, born and raised in Skövde, now lives in Stockholm and previously rewarded the Västra Götaland region's literature prize, takes the reader with her into the sparkling nights of the Sahara, the Roman amphitheater in El Djem, Las Palmas rough quarters and the winding souk in Marrakech …
This is a book that grabs the reader, a melancholy adventure, told with refined crispness.
Julia Thimberg Silfwerling
Julia Thimberg Silfwerling, born and raised in Floda outside Gothenburg. Culture, literature, and nature have always taken up a large part of her life, which has meant that she has spent much time abroad in recent years and lived occasionally in both the USA, Spain and Costa Rica. She is currently living in London where she studies journalism.
Hillevi Söder
Hillevi Söder born in 1961, grew up in a large family in Hedesunda in Gästrikland. During her youth, she trained jiu-jitsu and also learned transcendental meditation. After high school, she moved to Stockholm to more easily find jobs and be able to develop her training. There she met the man she married and they had 3 children together. In 1995, when the children were still small, the couple separated. The eldest son reacted negatively to the divorce and Hillevi tried to find help for him and came in contact with Reiki healing. It helped the son and she became curious, educated herself to Reiki master and also underwent training in medicine at the basic level.
Interest in alternative health and crisis assistance grew, and she has attended several courses and educations in health and spirituality. She is now also a trained medium and life coach. In 2013 she started "Oasen för alla", in English "The Oasis for all", where she offers people in crisis an opportunity for retreat, hosts courses in stress management and medial development, provides coaching, relaxation massage, and medial guidance.
When the youngest son Daniel, took his life in 2010, she wrote to get through the days and dispel the thoughts. This resulted in the book "Utan Dig", English "Without You". The book is available as an e-book and printed book.
Arne Wester
Lars-Gunnar Winsa
Lars-Gunnar has a motley background; born and raised in Kainulasjärvi in Pajala municipality with different careers such as builder of power plants, miner, forest worker, garden grower, assistant in abusive care, etc. Social education as an adult in Umeå and since 1986 various social work, since 1991 in supervisory positions. With his background, his great interest in social work has been to coordinate society's efforts for marginalized people. This is why he has led various local community projects with the aim of including people with exclusion problems.
His social work as a manager has been recognized by the fact that he was awarded the MR-Prize in 2014 by the association Vision "the employer who in an exemplary manner has worked with human rights and carried out conscious active measures to promote diversity and integration and counteract discrimination in the workplace".
Since 2017 he is a pensioner and activates himself with for example gardening, house improvements, reading, and writing. Currently working on a collection of short stories about different life stories in Tornedalen and has begun a short story about the Finno-Ugrian peoples at the Cap of the North during the Iron Age.
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text:
Preparing for the future of public health: ecological determinants of health and the call for an eco-social approach to public health education
Margot W. Parkes ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-1967-29771,2,
Blake Poland1,3,
Sandra Allison1,2,4,5,
Donald C. Cole1,3,
Ian Culbert1,6,
Maya K. Gislason1,7,
Trevor Hancock1,8,
Courtney Howard1,9,
Andrew Papadopoulos1,10 &
Faiza Waheed1,11
Canadian Journal of Public Health volume 111, pages60–64(2020)Cite this article
As a collective organized to address the education implications of calls for public health engagement on the ecological determinants of health, we, the Ecological Determinants Group on Education (cpha.ca/EDGE), urge the health community to properly understand and address the importance of the ecological determinants of the public's health, consistent with long-standing calls from many quarters—including Indigenous communities—and as part of an eco-social approach to public health education, research and practice. Educational approaches will determine how well we will be equipped to understand and respond to the rapid changes occurring for the living systems on which all life—including human life—depends. We revisit findings from the Canadian Public Health Association's discussion paper on 'Global Change and Public Health: Addressing the Ecological Determinants of Health', and argue that an intentionally eco-social approach to education is needed to better support the health sector's role in protecting and promoting health, preventing disease and injury, and reducing health inequities. We call for a proactive approach, ensuring that the ecological determinants of health become integral to public health education, practice, policy, and research, as a key part of wider societal shifts required to foster a healthy, just, and ecologically sustainable future.
Notre collectif, appelé Ecological Determinants Group on Education (cpha.ca/EDGE), s'est structuré pour aborder les incidences pédagogiques des appels à la mobilisation de la santé publique autour des déterminants écologiques de la santé; nous exhortons les milieux de la santé à bien comprendre l'importance des déterminants écologiques de la santé publique et à en tenir compte, faisant ainsi écho aux appels de longue date de nombreux acteurs – dont les communautés autochtones – le tout dans le cadre d'une approche écosociale de la formation, de la recherche et de la pratique en santé publique. Les approches pédagogiques détermineront si nous serons en mesure de comprendre les changements rapides qui se produisent dans les systèmes vivants dont dépend toute vie – y compris la vie humaine – et d'y réagir. Nous revenons sur les constatations du document de travail de l'Association canadienne de santé publique intitulé Les changements globaux et la santé publique : Qu'en est-il des déterminants écologiques de la santé?, et nous faisons valoir qu'une approche intentionnellement écosociale de la formation est nécessaire pour mieux appuyer le rôle du secteur de la santé dans la protection et la promotion de la santé, la prévention des maladies et des blessures et la réduction des inégalités en santé. Nous réclamons une démarche en amont pour que les déterminants écologiques de la santé fassent partie intégrale de la formation, de la pratique, des politiques et de la recherche en santé publique, car ces déterminants seront un élément essentiel des grands mouvements sociétaux nécessaires pour favoriser un avenir sain, juste et écologiquement durable.
The health implications of far-reaching social and ecological change are creating new demands on how the (public) health sector will prepare for the future. Understanding and responding to the degradation of the living systems on which all life—including the well-being of humans—depends is especially important for public health education. While acknowledging that educational reform is only part of what is needed, we view public health education as a key driver of future practice, policy, and research, and therefore, an important lever of systems change. We argue that a particular type of educational and systemic change is demanded when, consistent with other core public health values, the health community recognizes the deep, reciprocal interconnections among the ecological, social, cultural, and economic factors that determine the health of all who share this planetary home (Benatar and Poland 2015; Canadian Public Health Association (CPHA) 2015; Horwitz and Parkes 2019).
The interacting components of our shared home include social systems tightly coupled with the ecosystems that provide the basis for Earth's life-supporting systems (Canadian Public Health Association (CPHA) 2015; Hancock et al. 2015; Parkes and Horwitz 2016). The dynamic relationships within ecosystems create the foundations for all life, providing oxygen, water, food, fuels, materials, waste decomposition and recycling, as well as the constituent parts for all life-giving systems necessary for the health of humans and other species (Hancock et al. 2015; Parkes and Horwitz 2016; Whitmee et al. 2015). Consistent with long-standing and ongoing calls from Indigenous communities and knowledge systems (Greenwood et al. 2015; Ratima et al. 2019), closer attention to relationships and interconnections helps to overcome false dichotomies between the ecological and social influences on health, and provides the foundation for what is described here as an eco-social approach.
The descriptor 'eco-social' is intentional: focusing attention on the reciprocity among the ecological and the social as essential features of a proactive orientation to future health and collective well-being, especially in the face of rapid planetary-scale ecological changes that threaten human well-being and societal stability (Canadian Public Health Association (CPHA) 2015; Hancock 2015; Hancock et al. 2015; Whitmee et al. 2015). Here, we underscore the particular role of education in drawing attention to the ecological determinants of health (EDoH), as a necessary complement to the social determinants of health (SDoH), and as part of an integrative, eco-social approach to public health. Eco-social education and learning are seen as key contributions within a wider suite of deep reforms to policy and practice required to take decisive and much needed action on extensively documented health, (in)equity, and sustainability challenges (Benatar and Poland 2015; Buse et al. 2018; Canadian Public Health Association (CPHA) 2015; EDGE 2018; Greenwood et al. 2015; Hancock 2015; Hancock et al. 2015; Horwitz and Parkes 2019; Parkes and Horwitz 2016; Poland et al. 2011; Ratima et al. 2019; Rayner and Lang 2012; Webb et al. 2010; Whitmee et al. 2015).
Contributing to the transition to a sustainable, just, and healthy future has become an integral part of the health sector's role—and responsibility. This need was revisited by the Canadian Public Health Association at the 20th anniversary of the landmark 1992 report on human and ecosystem health and resulted in a discussion paper 'Global Change and Public Health: Addressing the Ecological Determinants of Health' (Canadian Public Health Association (CPHA) 2015). The CPHA Working Group that contributed to the 2015 discussion paper was informed by its 400+-page 'full' report and a 100-page 'report in brief' (Hancock 2015). This work addressed what is known about the EDoH, identified key drivers of ecological change, assessed existing and projected population health impacts, laid out the potential for a change of course, and proposed an ambitious agenda for an effective public health response (see Box 1).
The CPHA report on 'Global Change and Public Health: Addressing the Ecological Determinants of Health' (Canadian Public Health Association (CPHA) 2015) identified a range of roles and responsibilities for responding to EDoH:
(a) Understanding and reporting on the health implications and impacts of our current unsustainable forms of development;
(b) Undertaking research into the health implications of ecological change and the health benefits of alternative approaches;
(c) Proposing healthier public policies and private and community sector actions that support the transition;
(d) Communicating effectively with key stakeholders (including the rest of the health care system and the general public) the importance of this issue, the health implications of our present path, and the health benefits of the transition we require; and
(e) Making public health an ally, at all levels, with those working to bring about the transition to a sustainable, just, and healthy future, recognizing that in many cases these partners have decades of experience to draw upon.
Calls for educational reform include:
• Update Canada's set of core competencies for public health to give greater prominence to the ecological determinants of health, ensuring that public health practitioners have the ability to address both the ecological and social determinants of health;
• Revise the curricula in Canada's schools and programs of public health to reflect a broader understanding of population health and its determinants, incorporating core concepts or courses that address the ecological determinants of health and links with social determinants;
• Encourage awareness of combined approaches to ecological and social determinants of health that will align public health with a range of existing movements spanning environmental, Indigenous, conservation, labour, social justice, climate change efforts, etc.; and
• Include learning of a wide range of change-oriented practices employed by diverse actors involved in complexity science, community organizing, social practice theory, interdisciplinary work on governing societal transitions, transformative learning, Theory U, generative dialogue, etc.
Calls for educational reform were central to the recommendations of the 2015 CPHA report, recognizing the need for a concerted response to meet the education, training, and professional development needs of current and future health professionals to more fulsomely address these emerging challenges (Box 1). In this context, the EDoH can no longer be an educational 'option', but rather a foundational component of learning about health: recognized as integral to achieving core public health functions of protecting and promoting health, preventing disease and injury, and reducing health inequities. Recognizing this need, the Ecological Determinants Group on Education (EDGE) was co-created with a range of partner agencies, including CPHA (https://www.cpha.ca/EDGE). EDGE brings together public health and allied professionals, researchers, and educators with interest and expertise in the ecological determinants of health, with the goal of promoting the integration of EDoH within public health education, training, and professional development, attending to issues of content as well as issues of process and pedagogy (including alignments between these), with the intention of supporting and informing practice, research, advocacy, and policy relating to EDoH.
Recognizing the scope of public health education, an initial focus for EDGE involved forming three working groups, focused on graduate curriculum development, continuing professional development for those working in public health, and training/education for health care professionals. Building on insights across these working groups, EDGE undertook a preliminary scan of needs, challenges, and assets in relation to EDoH in the context of public health education in Canada (EDGE 2018). This scan provides an overview of the emerging state of the field, recognizing the connections with converging and inter-related developments relevant to public health, including but not limited to ecological public health (Rayner and Lang 2012), ecohealth, ecosystem approaches to health (Horwitz and Parkes 2019; Parkes and Horwitz 2016; Webb et al. 2010), and the emergence of planetary health (Ratima et al. 2019; Whitmee et al. 2015) among others (Buse et al. 2018). The EDGE report offers an initial appraisal of key educational resources and emerging initiatives (including a matrix of options for integrating EDoH into education strategies: EDGE 2015, Table 1) and highlights overlaps with other timely critiques of the need for the redesign of public health education and practice to respond to contemporary challenges (see Poland et al. 2019; Walpole et al. 2019; Yassi et al. 2017).
The key premises that undergird our work on the EDoH have become clearer over time and are presented here given their relevance to public health education, training, and professional development.
First, we recognize that integrative approaches to health that address both social and ecological determinants of health are not new. There are a range of ongoing efforts to connect equity, ecosystems, and public health that can be and have been applied in practical, clinical, and policy contexts (see, for example, Buse et al. 2018; O'Connell 2017; Parkes et al. 2017; Poland and Dooris 2010; Walpole et al. 2019; Webb et al. 2010; Yassi et al. 2017).
Second, we emphasize that the EDoH are not the same as the field of environmental health and are also not adequately captured within traditional framings of 'environmental' determinants of health. While environmental and ecological approaches are complementary, EDoH responds to the need for explicit attention to ecologies and ecosystems as foundational to human health (Horwitz and Parkes 2019; Parkes and Horwitz 2016), recognizing the complex and interacting impacts of climate change, biodiversity loss, pollution, ocean acidification and depletion, land and water degradation, and food security, from local to global scales, as they affect personal, public, and planetary health (Canadian Public Health Association (CPHA) 2015; Greenwood et al. 2015). This emphasis on systems relationships is complementary to, but not the same as, current framings of environmental public health, with its focus on the built environment, food handling, water safety, waste disposal, workplace health and safety, communicable disease control, and more generally the identification and management of known environmental health risks and exposures.
More to the point, occupational and environmental health are, in the main, predicated on a risk management approach that emphasizes the prediction and control of putative 'threats' to human health, and privilege efforts to bounce back from adversity in ways that typically maintain the status quo, often placing human health considerations ahead of ecological concerns. While these efforts remain essential, they do not respond to the imperative for transformational change, in the ways that an eco-social approach can: drawing from a more relational world-view, complexity science, and an understanding that human and non-human well-being are inextricably interwoven (Greenwood et al. 2015; Horwitz and Parkes 2019; Poland and Dooris 2010; Ratima et al. 2019; Webb et al. 2010). Resilience in the face of mounting uncertainty and accelerating change involves more than the capacity to bounce back, instead valuing the capacity to embrace change and bounce forward into new ways of seeing and doing (what some call transformative resilience, or transilience), drawing on change processes that are deeply collaborative and emergent, rather than command and control (see O'Connell 2017; Parkes et al. 2017; Poland et al. 2011, 2019).
Third, in keeping with the far-reaching implications of a relational systems orientation, we argue that (public) health efforts to address the EDoH need to acknowledge, engage, and be more actively informed by other holistic and integrative approaches to health and wellness, especially in terms of established leadership of Indigenous peoples and perspectives in integrative understandings of ecological, social, cultural, and intergenerational determinants of health (Buse et al. 2018; Greenwood et al. 2015; Ratima et al. 2019; Rayner and Lang 2012). This fuels the imperative for the health community to commit to an inclusive approach that respects diverse knowledge systems and ways of knowing, and to the challenging but essential work of truth and (re)conciliation that such understandings and inclusions imply, in the spirit of informed allyship and decolonization (O'Connell 2017).
Fourth, we recognize that attention to EDoH and an eco-social approach requires collaboration within and beyond the health sector, creating benefits and challenges across converging efforts, in a space rapidly populated by a variety of overlapping approaches, perspectives, and agendas (Buse et al. 2018; Poland and Dooris 2010). Within the health sector, the EDoH and related eco-social approaches touch on multiple dimensions: crossing boundaries between health protection, health promotion, and health care in ways that may be challenging for traditional roles and responsibilities, and the operational structure of public and population health programs (e.g., where does climate change 'fit' within existing public health programming?). Ongoing social and ecological changes also mean that health sector agendas are converging with those of groups and agencies beyond the health sector in new ways. This means working with professional sectors (planning, land and water management, emergency preparedness, etc.); with non-health ministries and municipal governments; with 'unusual allies' in civic society (e.g., environmental organizations, social justice movements, Indigenous, and other groups); and, where appropriate, with emerging green/sustainable and social enterprise entrepreneurs in the private sector. While health professionals can provide important perspective and leadership, we also need to support experienced partners from disciplines and fields beyond the health sector that, in many cases, will appropriately continue to lead in the wider community and society, toward the healthy, just, and sustainable future to which we aspire. Health professionals will be called on to engage as humble, informed, and trusted partners in the collective, boundary-crossing effort of transforming practices and structures to better sustain the health and well-being of all life, including our own.
Fifth, we recognize that educational reform, while necessary for proactive change, is not sufficient in and of itself. The systemic drivers of ecosystem degradation and social inequity are deeply entrenched and not easily amenable to change through the application of 'enlightened' information alone: the deficit model of educational reform and change-making has underperformed relative to current demands (Parkes et al. 2017; Walpole et al. 2019; Yassi et al. 2017). While EDGE and this commentary have focused on the education implications of embracing eco-social approaches to the EDoH, these need to be seen as synergistic with the urgent need for a fulsome whole-of-society retooling of the systems and power structures that continue to perpetuate both ecological and social degradation (Poland et al. 2011; Ratima et al. 2019; Whitmee et al. 2015). That the prospects for such change seem daunting and hitherto 'unrealistic' should not detract from their necessity, or indeed the likelihood that they will be thrust upon us anyway if we fail to embrace them proactively.
These premises and insights underscore the imperative for proactive and assertive efforts to ensure that the EDoH are embedded in public health education, policy, and practice. Given the challenges of the Anthropocene (Buse et al. 2018; Hancock 2015; Whitmee et al. 2015), this can no longer be considered a 'nice-to' but rather a 'need-to' that will push public health to bring out its best responsive, proactive, and collaborative tendencies. An eco-social approach to the EDoH, informed by the five premises outlined above and aligned in terms of content (concepts and topics) as well as process (pedagogical approaches suited to learning from the land and living systems), is, in our view, an essential step in unleashing the transformative potential of public health in the coming decade.
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Whitmee, S., Haines, A., Beyrer, C., Boltz, F., Capon, A. G., de Souza Dias, B. F., et al. (2015). Safeguarding human health in the Anthropocene epoch: report of The Rockefeller Foundation–Lancet Commission on planetary health. The Lancet, 386(10007), 1973–2028. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60901-1.
Yassi, A., Lockhart, K., Gray, P., & Hancock, T. (2017). Is public health training in Canada meeting current needs? Defrosting the paradigm freeze to respond to the post-truth era. Critical Public Health, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2017.1384796.
The two lead authors are co-chairs of the Ecological Determinants Group on Education (EDGE) Steering Committee since 2016; the remaining authors are members of the EDGE Steering Committee, listed in alphabetical order. We also acknowledge the contributions of EDGE Working Group members (www.cpha.ca/EDGE) and associated research assistants, including Julia Koropeski and Afnaan Naeem. We acknowledge a range of financial and institutional support for the work of the EDGE, including the Canada Research Chair Program (Parkes: 950-230463).
Ecological Determinants Group on Education, Steering Committee, Ottawa, Canada
Margot W. Parkes, Blake Poland, Sandra Allison, Donald C. Cole, Ian Culbert, Maya K. Gislason, Trevor Hancock, Courtney Howard, Andrew Papadopoulos & Faiza Waheed
School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
Margot W. Parkes & Sandra Allison
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Blake Poland & Donald C. Cole
Faculty of Medicine, University British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Sandra Allison
Northern Health Authority, Prince George, BC, Canada
Canadian Public Health Association, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Ian Culbert
Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
Maya K. Gislason
School of Public Health and Social Policy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
Trevor Hancock
Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment, Toronto, Canada
Courtney Howard
Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
Andrew Papadopoulos
Intrinsik, Mississauga, ON, Canada
Faiza Waheed
Margot W. Parkes
Blake Poland
Donald C. Cole
Correspondence to Margot W. Parkes.
Parkes, M.W., Poland, B., Allison, S. et al. Preparing for the future of public health: ecological determinants of health and the call for an eco-social approach to public health education. Can J Public Health 111, 60–64 (2020). https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-019-00263-8
Issue Date: February 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-019-00263-8
Ecological determinants of health
Eco-social approaches
Public health education
Ecosystem approaches to health
Déterminants écologiques de la santé
Approches écosociales
Formation en santé publique
Approches écosystémiques de la santé
Santé planétaire


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text:
Pop PHP Framework
=================

Documentation : Mvc
-------------------

Home

Η συνιστώσα MVC, όπως περιγράφεται στην επισκόπηση τεκμηρίωση, είναι μια
υλοποίηση του προτύπου σχεδίασης MVC, με το επιπλέον στρώμα του
δρομολογητή για να διευκολυνθούν οι πολλαπλές διαδρομές των χρηστών και
των ελεγκτών. Με απλά λόγια, ο ελεγκτής χειρίζεται την αντιπροσωπεία των
αιτήσεων, το μοντέλο χειρίζεται την επιχειρηματική λογική και η θέα
καθορίζει τον τρόπο για να εμφανίσετε την έξοδο στο χρήστη. Όλα αυτά τα
μαθήματα σε αυτό το στοιχείο είναι πολύ εύκολο να επεκτείνουν τη
μόχλευση τους μέσα στην ίδια την αίτησή σας.

Ενώ αυτό μπορεί να φαίνεται υπερβολικά περίπλοκη, εάν χρησιμοποιείτε το
στοιχείο CLI χαρακτηριστικό του έργου εγκατάστασης, το μεγαλύτερο μέρος
αυτού του κώδικα μπορεί να γραφτεί και να εγκατασταθούν για σας. Απλά
πρέπει να καθορίσετε το όνομα του έργου και τις ρυθμίσεις στο αρχείο
ρυθμίσεων εγκατάστασης. Δείτε το συστατικό doc αρχείο έργου για να
πάρετε ένα παράδειγμα ενός έργου εγκατάστασης αρχείο ρυθμίσεων.

    use Pop\Mvc\Controller,
        Pop\Mvc\Router,
        Pop\Mvc\View,
        Pop\Project\Project;

    // Define your project class
    class MyProject extends Project
    {
        // Extend the parent 'run' method to establish router paths
        public function run()
        {
            parent::run();
        }
    }

    class MyModel
    {
        // Perhaps does something special pertaining to whatever data you are manipulating
    }

    class MyController extends Controller
    {
        // Constructor
        public function __construct(Request $request = null, Response $response = null, Project $project = null, $viewPath = null)
        {
            if (null === $viewPath) {
                $viewPath = __DIR__ . '/path/to/my/view';
            }

            parent::__construct($request, $response, $project, $viewPath);
        }

        // Your home page
        public function index()
        {
            $model = new MyModel(array('username' => 'myusername');
            $this->view = View::factory($this->viewPath . '/index.phtml', $model->getmyData()); // This would return an array into the view object
            $this->send();
        }

        // Your 404 page
        public function error()
        {
            $this->view = View::factory($this->viewPath . '/error.phtml');
            $this->send(404);
        }
    }

    // Create a project object, to define the project config, router and controller(s)
    $project = MyProject::factory(
        include '../some/config/project.php',
        include '../some/config/module.php',
        new Router(array(
            '/' => 'MyApp\MyController'
        ))
    );

    // Run the project
    $project->run();

\(c) 2009-2014 [Moc 10 Media, LLC.](http://www.moc10media.com) All
Rights Reserved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Volume 10, issue 3 | Copyright
Clim. Past, 10, 975-985, 2014
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-975-2014
Research article 21 May 2014
Research article | 21 May 2014
Evaluation of the ability of the Chinese stalagmite δ18O to record the variation in atmospheric circulation during the second half of the 20th century
S. Nan1, M. Tan2, and P. Zhao3,1 S. Nan et al. S. Nan1, M. Tan2, and P. Zhao3,1
1Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
2Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
3State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
Received: 08 Jun 2013 – Discussion started: 29 Jul 2013 – Revised: 17 Dec 2013 – Accepted: 10 Apr 2014 – Published: 21 May 2014
Abstract. The Chinese stalagmite δ18O (δ18Ocs) has provoked debate worldwide over the past few years due to its lack of quantitative calibration, leading us to questions of whether δ18Ocs records a local or large-scale signal and whether δ18Ocs records the signal of a single remote water vapor source or multiple water vapor sources. In this study, we observe all of the δ18Ocs trends within the instrumental period to verify whether they possess a common trend, which could be used as a basis to determine whether the trends reflect the large-scale signal together or whether each trend reflects the local signal. The results show that most of the δ18Ocs experienced a linear increase from 1960 to 1994, which may indicate that the δ18Ocs could record a trend occurring in large-scale atmosphere circulations. We then quantitatively describe the proportion of water vapor transport (WVT) from different source regions. Using the NCEP/NCAR (National Centers for Environmental Protection/National Center for Atmospheric Research) reanalysis data from 1960 to 1994, the ratios of the intensities of three WVTs from the Bay of Bengal, the South China Sea, and the western North Pacific during the summer are calculated. We define RSCS/BOB as the ratio of the WVT intensities from the South China Sea to those from the Bay of Bengal, RWNP/BOB as the ratio of the WVT intensities from the western North Pacific to those from the Bay of Bengal, and RWNP/SCS as the ratio of the WVT intensities from the western North Pacific to those from the South China Sea. The significant decadal increase occurs in the time series of RWNP/BOB and RWNP/SCS, most likely resulting from the strengthening of the WVT from the western North Pacific in the late 1970s due to the western Pacific subtropical high that extended westward. Further analysis indicates that when the equatorial central and eastern Pacific is in the El Niño phase, the sea surface temperature (SST) in the tropical Indian Ocean, the Bay of Bengal, and the South China Sea is high, and the SST at the middle latitudes in the North Pacific is low, then the RWNP/BOB and RWNP/SCS values tend to be high. After the late 1970s, the equatorial central and eastern Pacific have often been in the El Niño phase. Therefore, we confirm that the δ18Ocs primarily records the variation in atmospheric circulation during the second half of the 20th century.
How to cite: Nan, S., Tan, M., and Zhao, P.: Evaluation of the ability of the Chinese stalagmite δ18O to record the variation in atmospheric circulation during the second half of the 20th century, Clim. Past, 10, 975-985, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-975-2014, 2014.


← Meshing Philosophy: Automated or Automatic?
came up with the Prandtl-Glauert correction for predicting compressibility corrections for airfoil performance prediction.
You might know a few of the 85 doctoral students he supervised as well: Adolf Busemann, Theodore von Kármán, Oskar Tietjens, Walter Tollmien and Hermann Schlichting.
This entry was posted in Off Topic and tagged history, Prandtl, wind tunnels. Bookmark the permalink.
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the perfect fit for you (and your pet).
Can't get home during the middle of the day? We offer 15 and 30 minute visits which includes a neighborhood walk or backyard potty break, fresh water, treat, play time and a note to the owner describing the day's visit. This visit is ideal for puppy potty breaks to help with house breaking, potty relief for senior dogs and mid-day breaks/socializing for those that are home for longer periods of time while Mom and Dad are at work.
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Bed and Biscuit Boarding (Dogs only) - THIS SERVICE CURRENTLY NOT AVAIL.
her home (and heart) to provide custom, private care in a comfortable home setting.
Pet Taxi service is available for pick-up and drop-off.
stay and morning walk and breakfast. Litter box clean out is included for cats.
their schedules to accommodate last-minute reservations.
Mid-day clients may cancel without penalty as long as they contact The Wagging Tail before the walker has left for your house.
Shopping made simple. Just leave us a list of items needed and we'll visit the local pet store and stock you up.
*Not to exceed one hour.
$3 per pet, per visit (drop in bowl meds are at no additional charge).
should be tested prior to distribution to the pet sitter.
availability of the walker only; it is not guaranteed.
For the safety of our walkers and sitters, The Wagging Tail will follow the Local Government closing policy during inclement weather. If the schools and government are closed, we feel that driving conditions are too dangerous for our animal care givers to brave the roads. We request that our clients contact us to check availability by 9:00am.
If possible, please make appropriate arrangements in advance to enlist the help of a neighbor during severe weather. Clients requesting service on severe/inclement snow days will be charged an additional $10 per visit. The surcharge will go directly to the sitter who is going out in dangerous conditions.
Prices are subject to change at The Wagging Tail's discretion.


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Access to adequate housing is one of the most debated issues in democratic South Africa. The government continues to battle with existing backlogs in the provision of housing and a seemingly increasing demand. At the same time, urban populations take to the streets to register their anger and frustration at the slow progress of service delivery as a whole, including housing and other basic services. Clearly this is an important issue in the country, one that has inspired great public debate and further engagement between the state and the people. Notably, this dissatisfaction endures despite the fact that South Africa's post-apartheid government discourse on state-society relations has centred on greater participation, especially at local government level, as reflected in the commitment to participatory democracy in the South African constitution. Despite this, in general government housing policy has focused on ensuring the delivery of houses to the people rather than the participatory processes in the provision of housing. The 1994 Housing White Paper took an 'incremental' or 'progressive' approach to housing, which is a developer driven approach that limits the participation of ordinary citizens in the provision of housing, despite the government's commitment to enabling participation. The introduction of the People's Housing Process (PHP) in 1998 (later revised and became the Enhanced People's Housing Process) was a breakthrough in government's efforts for the involvement of communities in the housing process. However, even this initiative was criticised for its lack of any meaningful participation, as the contribution of individual residents and communities was limited to the implementation process, while the policy decisions were still in government hands. The revision of this policy and the broadening of the housing policy through Breaking New Ground were meant to encourage community ownership of housing provision and empower them beyond the limitations of the PHP. Notably, the meaning of participation encoded in housing programmes, particularly those such as the PHP, is taken for granted. It is assumed that participation will occur in a straight forward process. However, as this demonstrates, effective participatory processes necessitate particular forms of representation for beneficiaries. Designing an effective participatory mechanism thus requires paying attention to new practices of representation as well as new practices of participation. In the participatory housing processes in particular such representation is essential as the direct participation of communities in decision making might not be feasible at some points in the process, hence, community residents need people that will communicate and make decisions on their behalf in engaging with government. The South African literature on state-society relations is largely silent on the relationship between representation and participatory processes, thus there is limited analysis on local level leaders that become part of these participatory processes. This is the gap that this study explores in relation to housing through a case-study of the role of local community leaders in a People's Housing Process housing project in Imizamo Yethu, Hout Bay. It aims to understand the significance of the representative role played by local leaders who are not part of the formal democratic system of representation in development participatory processes. In exploring the Niall Mellon Housing Project as a case study, the research illustrates three main points: first, local leaders played a crucial role in the housing project. They initiated and implemented the programme and contributed to the overall success of the project. Indeed it is sensible to assume that organised and legitimate local leaders are essential to development projects as they are able to provide an effective link between government and the community. Second, since these local leaders are not part of the established democratic system of representation, their status is vulnerable to contestation. Local leaders lack the formal authority that usually occurs in representation modes that require explicit authorisation or those formalised as part of the state system of representation. Their position can easily be challenged and their legitimacy questioned. Third, development projects such as the one under investigation also create these kinds of legitimacy crisis. This is due to the competition for scarce government resources introduced by the development projects. Thus, those who feel excluded from the project may retaliate and question the actions of the local leaders. Hence, even though community leaders are useful in this participatory process, the state of their position is vulnerable and their legitimacy can be undermined by the very process that needs their participation.


text:
Vikings at Carymoor.
Last week, the year fives went on a school trip to a place called Carymoor. Carymoor is a place where lots of things have been recycled and reused.
First, we hopped on a coach to get there, which was just under an hour away. When we arrived, we met a man called Gary. Gary explained that we would be doing lots of fun activities today but before we start, we are going to look at a PowerPoint. The PowerPoint was good and everyone enjoyed it.
The first activity that we did was make some wood cookies. We got a piece of wood, shaped in a circle, and then wrote our initials on it in Viking letters. We were allowed to decorate it too. We then attached a long piece of string so we could hang it up.
The next activity was creating some flour. We put some grains on a slightly curved rock and bashed, rubbed and squashed them, which made flour. Then there was another way which was two rocks together (very circular) with a small sip in the top rock so we could put a small, thick stick in the hole to spin it, which also made flour.
After that, we split half the class in one group and the other half would be the other group. One group made bread whilst the other group did orienteering. The first group got a stick and a ball of dough, You had to roll the dough out into a long sausage shape then wrap it around the stick with tin foil on the top. Then, you put it over the fire and let it cook.
The orienteering group got a map, a question sheet and an answer sheet to record your answers. We went off in groups of four and used the map to find the questions you had to answer. Once both groups finished, they swapped around. Then it was lunchtime!
After lunch, Gary said that we were going to do a treasure hunt. How it works is, in an area there are lots of Viking letters hidden in bushes, soil or a pack of flowers. We got a piece of paper with the Viking letters on to help us to work out the letter that we found. Then once you found all the letters, we had to make a word. The word that was right was gold coins, and even better we actually got to eat one. Yum!
The final activity that we did on our trip to Carymoor, was almost like we were being detectives. Gary put out lots of green mats with different types of animal footprints. Our job was to go around and find them, then record what animal we thought each footprint belonged to. Luckily, Gary wasn't that harsh because he gave us a booklet with clues in about the appearance of that animal's print.
I hope you enjoyed finding out about how our trip at Carymoor was.