Posted by Admin . on Thursday, November 3rd, 2011 at 3:39pm.
The organizational benefits of downsizing can be very rewarding. You can save time, restore order, relieve stress, free up space, and perhaps most importantly, save money.
1) Try not to focus on the entire house at once. Break things down room by room. Take on one project at a time and don't allow yourself to get overwhelmed. If the room itself seems to be too much to take on, just focus on one area at a time, like a closet. Accomplish something before moving on to another area. Small steps yield big rewards. Set realistic goals about the amount of time you need, and create a timeline that works for you.
2) Evaluate what you have. Everyone has extra stuff. Ask yourself: Do I use this? Need it? Love it? Is it in good condition? If you haven't used or thought about something in over a year, it's probably safe to get rid of it. Sell valuable items that you no longer need. Ebay and Craigslist are both great online tools that will help you cash in on things that you don't need anymore. Or donate. There's no shortage of organizations that take in the things you don't use and distribute them to people in need. What a great feeling!
3) Properly store irreplaceable items. Meaningful items such as old photos, yearbooks, wedding dresses, and christening gowns should be properly stored in sealed containers in order to protect them from the elements. You may even want to go one step further with old photos and convert them to a digital format to ensure that they will always be safe. If your children have grown and moved out, as hard as it may be, remind yourself that you are not responsible for providing storage for your adult children.
4) Stay positive. Getting rid of items that remind you of your past can be an emotional process. At first it might seem difficult to part with those masterpieces that your children created when they were small, but there's no reason to keep every scrap of paper your child has ever brought home. Instead, concentrate on what's important you, and visualize what your home will look like when you have de-cluttered and re-imagined your space. I have found that after de-cluttering, most people wish they had done it sooner.
5) Hire a REALTOR® who specializes in working with downsizers. This type of move is a specialty and requires a unique set of skills and a great deal of planning and patience. You will need someone who works well with you. You might find yourself needing the services of others, such as stagers, de-clutterers, and junk removers, as well as a storage plan for the things you can't bear to part with or want to keep safe. With the right connections, you'll be able to find someone who is not only familiar with your situation, but who has existing relationships and can assure that the process moves smoothly from beginning to end.


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"Person who retires or is going to retire has no value in the country": CJI while hearing freebies matter
Thyagarajan Narendran
03:24 PM, 24 Aug 2022
Chief Justice of India Justice NV Ramana, who is superannuating on August 26, 2022 today while hearing a plea pertaining to the issue of irrational distribution of freebies said, "A person who retires or is going to retire from his professional life has no value in India."
The remark was made in response to Senior Counsel Vikas Singh's suggestion that Justice (retd) Lodha be appointed as the chairperson to the committee to examine the issue of freebie.
In response to CJI's remark, Singh said "The position a person has held has some value milord."
Justice Ramana, who was appointed as Supreme Court judge on February 17, 2014 took over as the top judge on April 24, 2021, He will dem office on August 26.
Earlier, CJI Ramana had directed that a matter be listed before another bench, as the senior counsels appearing against each other got into a heated exchange. He said, "Why do you want to do this just as I am retiring?"
It may also be recollected that last week, when Senior Counsel Dushyant Dave, mentioned about registry deleting a matter without intimation, CJI said he will address all this in his retirement speech that is scheduled to happen on August 26, 2022.
The court was hearing a plea filed by Advocate Ashwini Kumar Upadhyay seeks the declaration of distribution of irrational freebies from public fund before election unduly influences the voters, shakes the roots of free-fair election, disturbs level playing field, vitiates the purity of election process and also violates Articles 14, 162, 266(3) and 282 of the Constitution.
The petition filed through Advocate Ashwani Kumar Dubey has sought direction to the Election Commission of India to seize election symbol and deregister political parties, which promise/ distribute irrational freebies from public fund before election and to Centre to enact Law in this regard.The plea states that "Aam Aadmi Party promised Rs. 1000 per month to every wom an aged 18 and above and Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD) promised Rs. 2000 to each woman to lure them.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


SPL chairmen fear a huge financial hit if broadcaster Setanta goes into administration this week.
Club bosses already expect the TV firm to pull the plug on live Scottish football next season which will see £13.5m vanish instantly from their collective coffers.
But the real crunch will come if, and when, Setanta fold altogether as a new four-year contract worth £125m due to kick in next year is lost and a cheaper option would have to be renegotiated with other TV firms.
Worried club bosses reckon they would be lucky to pocket even half what has already been agreed, leading to major cut-backs in staff and wages.
"We've been told not to comment on the situation in the hope that something can still be salvaged with Setanta but I'm far from optimistic," said one club insider last night.
"It looks like they are going under and the likes of Sky, ESPN and maybe the BBC will come in and try to pick up our games on the cheap.
"It's not that we are in a position to resist any half-decent offer.


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Home » Resources » Pat Moffat recalls the time when the Beatles came to Liverpool and met the Lord Mayor
Pat Moffat recalls the time when the Beatles came to Liverpool and met the Lord Mayor
Resource Type: Audio | Posted on 12th September 2011 by Liam Physick
Pat Moffat, sitting in on the Maureen Hunt interview, remembers when the Beatles came to Liverpool and met Lord Mayor Caplan, presumably in 1964 (though she is uncertain of the date) for the Northern premiere of their first film, A Hard Day's Night. The Lord Mayor and Lady Mayoress set out for the town hall from Edge Hill rather than Lime Street. Pat herself delivered a bouquet of flowers to the Mayoress that day
Interviewee: Pat Moffat
Interviewee Gender: Female
> Your browser does not support the audio element.
Interview Transcript
Jenny: You say there was a visit from . . . for . . .
Pat: Oh, yeah, what, that happened was, it's, it is archived, the, the Beatles were invited to the town hall and Castle Street and Dale Street . . . oh, millions of people there, but instead of the Lady, the Lord Mayor and the Lady Mayor (sic) going from Lime Street, they came from Edge Hill.
Jenny: (sounds amazed) Really?
Pat: Really, I don't know how it come about, but she was given two bouquets of flowers. I got the first one to be taken to SFX Church . . .
Jenny: Yeah.
Pat: . . . which is off Shaw Street, because their business was in Islington, they lived in the house and they had the warehouse in Soho Street and the . . .
Jenny: The, the Mayor?
Pat: Yeah . . .
Jenny: The Mayor's business?
Pat: . . . oh, yeah, yeah.
Jenny: And what was that?
Pat: Tobacconist . . .
Jenny: Oh, yeah.
Pat: . . . and sweet shop and he used to have a savings club, but they came from this station and me and me mum had to come up on the bus and wait to pick these flowers up, whether they'd been on somewhere else, but all the women from around the neighbourhood cleaned and threw water all over the flags because the car was at the very top (Jenny laughs), honestly.
Maureen: Mind you, we . . .
Jenny: What year was that, do you remember, roughly?
Pat: 19 . . . about . . . between 63 and 64.
Tagged under: edge hill station, liverpool lime street station, lord mayor of liverpool, dale street, the beatles, shaw street, town hall, castle street, soho street, a hard day's night
Categorised under: The Station & Railway Pioneers
Graham Middleton remembers the former location of stables on Tunnel Road
Lines on the death of William Huskisson MP, 15th September, 1830 by John Cooper Clarke


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Gateway raises mental health awareness
PORT AUX BASQUES — Mental Illness Awareness Week ran from Oct. 3 to the 9. Organizations across the country raised awareness about mental illness and provided resources to help individuals address mental illness issues in their lives. One local organization that participated was the Gateway Women's Centre in Port aux Basques.
"So for Mental Illness Awareness Week itself, of course, we don't have any in-person events at this time because of COVID, and our center is by appointment only," said Director Megan Bateman. "We are open for appointments."
The centre has a variety of resources on hand for area residents.
"We do lay counselling essentially, and for any reason at all you can come in – even if it's just to have a cup of tea and just be around some friendly faces and being in a safe non-judgmental environment," said Bateman. "So if for any reason you're experiencing any difficulty in your life, from being in an unhealthy relationship, to struggling with mental health or addiction. Anything at all you can think of, we are here for you."
While no one at the centre is a registered counsellor, the staff are there to listen and offer resources.
"We are not licensed counsellors. I am a social worker, but other than that our staff mostly come from perspective of different, you know, educational, and career backgrounds, and lived experience. But we are here for any kind of, I would say more informal support. So like people who come in may also be in touch with a counsellor through Western Health, or a social worker through Child and Family Services, or whatever the case may be. But we help in terms of hearing people, helping direct them in the direction of the proper channels they may be looking for, like helping people access legal aid, helping people again with their personal care product needs, and just being a listening ear and someone that they can talk to in the moment."
While residents may come to the centre during crisis moments, it is not a crisis centre, but rather a resource centre.
"We don't do crisis counselling or anything like that," said Bateman. "But we are knowledgeable, and we are able to help. And if there's something that we can't help with necessarily, we point folks in the right direction."
Bateman noted that 'peer support' might be a better term to describe the service Gateway offers. The centre also offers a confidential lending library, which provides literature on mental illness and other issues, like relationship trauma, gender-based violence, and addiction. The centre also offers a personal care program, providing essential items that are also key to mental wellbeing.
"Monthly you can come in and get whatever your personal care (and) households are – like we have dish soap, laundry soap, body wash, shampoo; things like that. And our personal care specialists and outreach coordinator also has a different literature that can be put in our personal care bags to send out to folks."
There is also information about the Willow House.
"Willow House is a transitional house that is in Corner Brook, so that's pretty much our closest, say, shelter or transitional house that we work really closely with. And if somebody had to leave an abusive situation, for example, an emergency situation, or were under-housed and needed emergency housing – whatever the case may be – we can help you get in touch with Willow House, and also help coordinate transportation and everything to get you to Willow House. So that's something that we do offer for clients as well, who may be in a situation where they need that."
The centre also provides information on a variety of other available resources, like the 211 helpline, or the DoorWays service that provides rapid access to mental health and addictions counselling.
"For example if they come in for an appointment with us, and we think that they have additional needs, that they may want to see someone else, we are able to help them get in touch with the proper channels that might help their more specific needs. So we do help clients navigate the other systems as well, beyond our scope."
Those who wish to avail of the services at the Gateway Women's Centre can reach them through multiple channels, including via email at gswc@nf.aibn.com.
"We do take messages on Facebook. So a lot of people choose to contact us that way," said Bateman. "We also can be reached by phone at 695-7505."
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Description: Padgett Stratemann LLP is a business categorized under legal services, which is part of the larger category legal services. Padgett Stratemann LLP is located at the address 809 East Court Street # 200 in Seguin, Texas 78155-5871. The Partner is Robert C Pfullmann who can be contacted at (830)303-1040.
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My name is Mary and I am the head teacher/principal at PCEA Nanyuki Academy in Kenya, Africa. I want to take this opportunity to thank you all for making the Colors of Kids programme a success for our school.
The paints, canvases and brushes were provided for our students and they passionately created works of art. This experience is the first time that some of our children have ever held a brush and painted before, so as you can see by the finished work, some of the work is quite basic. I hope that will not detour you from helping support our school by purchasing them.
The NCEA Nanyuki Academy has an enrolment of 245 students, 3-10 years old, from kindergarten to grade level 4. We have eight qualified teachers and three non-teaching staff members. Our facility has seven classrooms and an office. We are in great need of many resources such as chairs, tables, a complete classroom for grade 5, computers, books, crayons, pens, paper and we are hoping to purchase a nice camera for the school to capture special moments, so the children will have a photograph of themselves in that grade.
On behalf of my students and teachers I sincerely thank you, and may God bless you abundantly.


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Many of those deeply interested in the spiritual life apart from particular religious traditions believe that the evolution of religion itself has been leading to a new age of god-awareness, an age of cosmic harmonizing between human consciousness and divine reality. Anticipated as a time of convergence, when the sharp divisions between human philosophical, ethical, and religious systems and divine movements begin to fade, many believe that the time is now; the veil is thinning and human consciousness is now ready to receive the divine in new ways. How well attuned are we to this spiritual transition? What is emerging and how will it transform and transcend both religious and scientific claims? Whose are the voices that best articulate this great awakening and what vision are they giving us? How can we best cooperate with and enter into this new age of human/divine confluence?
Is the World Any Thinner? No.


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Public Knowledge and 11 Organizations Raise Concerns over Data Breach Bill
By Shiva Stella
This morning, Public Knowledge and 11 other nonprofit organizations sent a letter opposing the draft Data Security and Breach Notification Act of 2015. The letter was sent to the Subcommittee on Commerce, Manufacturing and Trade of the House Energy and Commerce Committee, as that committee is holding a hearing on that bill this morning.
The bill relates to security of data and notification to customers when their data is stolen in a breach of a company's security. Among other things, the bill would limit the authority of the Federal Communications Commission, which currently oversees data breach notifications with respect to communications providers, to regulate such data breaches.
The following are selections from the letter sent this morning:
"We are twelve organizations representing the public interest in the areas of privacy and consumer policy. We write to express our strong opposition to the draft Data Security and Breach Notification Act of 2015. As currently written, the bill severely undercuts communications data breach protections upon which millions of Americans rely, by superseding key parts of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 as implemented in rules promulgated by the Federal Communications Commission.
"Communications record data is among the most private information we have because it easily could reveal the identities of the persons and the places called, and thus reveal the most intimate details of a person's life. For decades, the Communications Act has protected this sensitive information about communications network usage. But section 6(c) of the proposed Data Security and Breach Notification Act of 2015 would replace many of these key protections with weaker standards.
"This excoriation of communications data breach protection could not come at a worse time, right on the heels of the FCC's historic Open Internet order. As the Order explains, 'consumers concerned about the privacy of their personal information will be more reluctant to use the Internet, stifling Internet service competition and growth.'
"To eliminate those data breach protections that consumers currently enjoy under the Communications Act, to take authority from a commission with decades of experience regulating use of personal information by communications providers, to cut back on the FCC's ability to protect consumers when the FCC has prominently expressed its commitment to protecting them — these would not merely be a mistake. These would be an affront to the American people's expectations for privacy and for their communications services."
Public Knowledge previously expressed concern with the draft bill when it was first introduced. As was attributed to Charles Duan, staff attorney with Public Knowledge:
"We strongly oppose the provisions of the Data Security and Breach Notification Act that would strip the Federal Communications Commission of its ability to fully protect consumers' right to privacy in their telephone records. This bill likely undermines the trust that the people have come to expect in their communications services. It is a slap in the face of the American public that this bill would stop the FCC from continuing its mission of protecting the consumer interest in the area of communications privacy.
"We certainly believe that data breach legislation is necessary and essential, and look forward to working with the bill's sponsors and members of Congress to craft appropriate laws that properly protect the consumer interest. This bill, however, does not do that, and we cannot support it."


Pasty and boulderfist for helping me to organize all this information.
Randolphe for correcting me about the etymology of "proc".
LikeIke for many helpful additions to the list of undead mob locations.
1.1 So what are paladins good for?
1.2 Are paladins fun to play?
1.3 Should I roll a warrior or a paladin?
1.4 Okay, I'm going to make a Paladin. What race should I make?
1.5 What are good professions for a Paladin?
1.6 What about secondary skills? Are those worth bothering with?
1.7 What do paladins end up doing in the endgame raid instances?
2.1 Someone told me that Paladin seals work on a "procs per minute" system. What does that mean?
2.2 Can Paladins tank? How?
2.3 Jeez, Righteous Defense is really clumsy to use, since you have to target a friend with it. Is there a way to make it easier?
2.4 Can a Paladin be a main healer for a party?
2.5 Why don't anti-undead spells like Exorcism work against Undead PC's?
3.1 So what should I be doing in an instance group?
3.2 What about duels and 1v1 PvP?
3.3 Okay, and what about group PvP?
4.1 Should I learn all the weapon types? Do I need to keep all my weapon skills trained up to the maximum for my level? Where do I learn to use <insert weapon type here>?
4.2 Is there any difference between axes, swords, and maces?
4.3 Should I use a one-hand weapon and shield, or a two-hander?
4.4 What kind of weapon is best for a Paladin?
4.5 Okay, what's the best two-hand weapon for a level 60 Paladin that isn't ridiculously hard to get?
4.6 What are important stats for a paladin, and how do they affect me?
4.8 So what kind of gear should I be looking for?
4.9 What's Lightforge? Is it any good? Where do I get it?
4.10 What are the other Paladin sets? Where do I get them? Are they any good?
4.11 Where can I get some good crit gear?
5.1 Where should I quest/grind at level ____?
5.2 Yeah yeah, I know about that, but where are the undead?
5.3 How do I get the quest for Redemption (Resurrection)?
5.4 Is Verigan's Fist worth getting? How do I start the quest?
5.5 Woohoo! Level 40! Now what's this I'm hearing about a free mount?
5.6 Okay, I'm at level 50 now. Anything special here?
5.7 Okay, I just hit level 60. So what do I do to get one of these spiky gold epic mounts?
6.1 Help! I just reached level 10 and I have no idea what to do with my talent points!
6.2 So what's the best tree/what are the best talents?
6.3 So what's a good talent build?
A Paladin is a hybrid tank/healer, capable of taking a beating and surviving, and helping allies survive as well. Paladins can deal respectable damage, but the focus of the class is protecting others and keeping them alive. The defining abilities of a Paladin are all defensive. Paladins can solo fairly well, but they're at their strongest in groups, where their lifesaving abilities shine. Priests heal damage, but Paladins save lives.
A Paladin is not always the main tank or the main healer, although a Paladin can serve quite well in both these roles with the right gear. But the Paladin is always the final guardian of the party's safety.
It depends on what's fun for you. If you're focused on just one role in the game -- dps, healing, or tanking -- and you want to do that and nothing else, you're better off with another class. If you don't enjoy teamwork and helping others, then a paladin probably isn't for you.
But if you want to do a bit of everything, take care of your friends, and experience the thrill of saving your entire party from a wipe with a well-timed stun or blessing, you'll probably like playing a paladin.
Short answer: If you're asking the question, the answer is probably warrior.
Long answer: A common misconception is that a Paladin plays similarly to a Warrior, just with healing and weaker damage to balance it out. This is not the case; Paladins and Warriors involve very different playstyles. Warriors have a lot of interactive combat abilities they can use to deal damage, or put debuffs on a target, etc. A Warrior has control over these things; most of them happen instantly with the press of a key.
Paladins are very different; melee combat for a Paladin is usualy just a seal followed by autoattack, maybe with a judgement every 10 seconds or so. This is intentional; if you're a Paladin in a fight, you're not supposed to spend all your time pressing buttons to hurt something; you're supposed to spend your time watching your teammates to see if they need help. The button-pushing for a Paladin is mostly defensive: Healing, cleansing, blessing, stunning, shielding, etc.
Neither class is better than the other, but be aware that they are very different.
Whichever one you like best. Dwarves have slightly better starting stats and stoneform. Humans have perception, a tiny mace/swords bonus and slightly faster reputation gains. Draenei get a heal over time and a jewelcrafting bonus. Blood Elves get to steal a bit of mana and silence their enemies.
In the end, you're best off chosing whichever race you enjoy seeing on the screen.
There are a lot of options; which one is best depends on what you want.
If you're looking for something that will make you stronger in combat, especially PvP, Engineering is probably the best choice, since it gives you a nice assortment of bombs and other nifty gizmos you can use in fights. Most of the craftable items in Engineering can only be used by other engineers, so there's not a large sales market.
Blacksmithing lets you make your own weapons and armor. This can be quite a help at the lower levels, since the craftable items are often better than the drops you get at those levels, although as you level up the drops become better and better. At very high levels, Blacksmiths can create powerful weapons and armor that only they can use, which makes it particularly suitable for a plate-wearing melee class.
Leatherworking and Tailoring are essentially like Blacksmithing, except that you'll be making leather and cloth gear that you generally won't be using yourself, except for bags.
Enchanting is difficult to make money with until you get to the very high levels, but it has advantages in that it doesn't require you to get a separate gathering skill, and you can use it to disenchant the otherwise useless Bind-on-Pickup items that drop off of instance bosses.
Jewelcrafting lets you craft various rings, necklaces and trinkets, and at higher levels it lets you create the gems that are used to customize armor and weapons.
Alchemy is very nice, both for personal use and for making money, since everyone can use potions.
In the Burning Crusade expansion, all of the crafting professions include Bind-on-Pickup items that can only be used by the crafter. It's worthwhile to look through the crafting lists to see what items will be available to you for each profession.
If all you want out of professions is money, your best bet is to pick up two gathering skills, probably Skinning and Mining, and sell the materials you gather at the Auction House.
First Aid might seem unnecessary for a healing class, but it can come in quite handy for situations where you don't want to spend mana to heal. If you're grinding monsters solo, you might prefer to spend your mana on Consecration, Holy Shield, Exorcism, etc, so you can kill faster and then use bandages to patch yourself up. There are situations in PvP and some of the PvE raid boss fights where it can be useful to be able to heal yourself without spending mana. Finally, when you have excessive amounts of cloth sitting around, you can make bandages and sell them to a vendor for a decent price.
Cooking and Fishing are matters of personal preference. You can make useful foods with them for stat boosts, but you can also get friends to make these things for you, so whether you want to level them up yourself is your call.
This will depend somewhat on your spec, and on what the raid needs. Paladins are capable of filling any of the three basic raid roles -- healing, tanking, and dps -- and you should be willing to do your best if called on for any of those. Obviously this will depend somewhat on your spec -- a Protection Paladin will be called on to tank more often than a Retribution or Holy Paladin will -- but you will at times be expected to do all three. This is especially true for healing.
"Proc" is an acronym for "Programmed Random OCcurrence", and it refers to any effect that has a chance to happen. For example, Seal of Light has a chance to heal you on any weapon hit; if you swing your weapon and the Seal actually does heal you, you say that Seal of Light procced.
The chance for a paladin seal to proc on a weapon swing depends on the speed of the weapon. Slower weapons will have a higher chance to proc the seal on each swing than faster weapons. However, faster weapons will give more swings in the same amount of time, so the overall effect is that you can expect the same number of procs over a one-minute period from any weapon.
This does not apply to Judgement of Light or Judgement of Wisdom. Unlike the seals, these judgements have a flat chance to proc on each hit, regardless of weapon speed.
Note that each swing has an identical chance to proc a seal, regardless of how many times the seal has procced already. These numbers are not guaranteed; they're just the number of procs you can expect on average.
Paladins can tank quite well if they have proper gear. Having some talent points in Protection can help on more difficult things.
The basic principle is to have the Righteous Fury spell active, and apply Holy damage to the target(s) you want to tank. This builds "threat" on the target, which is what keeps the target attacking you even when dps classes are doing much more damage to it. You can do this to one target with Seal of Righteousness and Judgement of Righteousness. Consecration will build threat on all the targets it hits; this can be handy if you have friends who like to use AoE spells like Blizzard or Rain of Fire. Various other abilities and talents cause Holy damage and can be used to build threat for tanking.
The Spiritual Attunement ability gives you mana each time you're healed by someone besides yourself. Since tanking involves taking damage and (hopefully) getting healed, this can allow you to tank for quite a long time even while spending mana on threat-building abilities, although it doesn't always give enough mana to allow you to go all-out on threat indefinitely. Remember that after the first 10-15 seconds of a fight, you don't need to always go full-throttle on threat, you only need enough threat to keep the monsters attacking you. Don't be afraid to experiment with scaling back your threat later in a fight to conserve mana, especially early in an instance where the pulls aren't too dangerous.
- The first thing you should do is cast Righteous Defense on whoever's getting beaten up. Unless it's resisted, this will cause all the enemies attacking that person to come back to you. Follow this up with a threat-generating ability like Consecration.
- If Righteous Defense is on cooldown, or gets resisted, you can try casting Blessing of Protection on the squishie in question. This will make the squishie immune to melee attacks, so the melee monsters will come back to attack you.
- Another option is to stun the monster. This will buy time for you to whack on it and get aggro back, or for your party to kill it quickly.
- If you have Holy Shock (and it's not on cooldown). This will generate a decent amount of hate instantly. If you're fighting undead, Exorcism works for this too.
- If all else fails, start healing the squishie so you can keep him alive until the party kills the monsters, or until Righteous Defense becomes available again. Blessing of Sacrifice works nicely with this as well.
If you use this macro on a friendly target, it will cast Righteous Defense normally. If you use it on an enemy target that's attacking a friend, it will cast Righteous Defense on your friend (in other words, behave like a warrior's Taunt). This removes the need to fumble around and switch targets while tanking.
Yes, but you need a lot of mana, you have to spend just about all your time healing, and your party has to know how to manage aggro.
If you want to be main healer for an instance run, load up on +int gear. At higher levels, look for, +healing and mana regen (mana/5 seconds) gear as well. It doesn't matter if it's not plate, because you'll be spending your time in the back of the party pretending to be a priest, and Paladin heals don't draw much aggro.
In the instance, put Blessing of Light on the tank(s), Blessing of Wisdom on yourself, and Blessing of Salvation on everyone else in the party. Use Flash of Light to keep the tank(s) as close to full health as possible -- it's a weak heal but it's very mana efficent. If a healing emergency comes up, switch to Holy Light to patch people up, and then go back to Flash once everyone is safe. You'll rarely draw aggro, but if you get a lot of monsters pounding on you for some reason, use Divine Shield.
At higher levels (60-70) this becomes substantially more difficult, although still quite possible. Holy talents help quite a bit at this stage of the game, because "emergencies" where you have to do a lot of healing quickly become more common.
Lore answer: Undead PCs are Forsaken, which are different from regular undead.
Game answer: Because Blizzard says so, that's why.
Full answer: In the Beta test of WoW, Undead PCs were actual undead. This meant that they were vulnerable to all of the Paladin anti-undead abilities as well as the Priest's Shackle Undead spell, but they were immune to abilities that work on humanoids only, such as sap and polymorph. This made it very difficult to balance PvP, because Alliance mages and rogues were substantially weaker against Undead than against the other Horde races, while Priests and Paladins were stronger. In the end, Blizzard decided that it was easier to simply treat Undead PCs as Humanoids.
Above all, watch out for the safety of the group. Watch for problems and fix them when they happen, or at least do what you can to hold down the fort until the rest of the group can deal with it.
Keep the group blessed, or at least make sure everyone's blessed before the fights start. Salvation is your most powerful PvE blessing; the whole group will run a lot smoother if you put this on everyone except paladins and warriors (and maybe hunters).
Put blessing of protection on cloth-wearers that draw aggro.
Use purify/cleanse to get rid of debuffs on your party members.
Pitch in with healing if you notice the main-healer falling behind.
Have Righteous Fury on yourself, and use Righteous Defense and holy damage to get ahold of loose mobs that the main tank can't pick up.
Use judgement of justice to stop mobs that look like they're about to run away.
If everything looks cool, feel free to dps, but keep your eyes open.
Basically, just learn to watch your group and the enemy and remember that keeping the party safe is your strong point. When you're playing well, you probably won't hear people saying "Wow, ______, you're an awesome paladin!" But they will say things like "Wow, I can't believe how smooth this run is going. We haven't wiped at all!" and that's when you know you're kicking ***.
The strength of the class in PvP is survival. In most cases, your best bet in a 1v1 situation is to turn the fight into a battle of attrition. You're not likely to be able to out-dps anyone, but you can oulast almost anyone if you play smart. You'll need decent damage output to make this work, but don't go overboard to the point where you're gimping your health and mana pool.
I'm not going to go into all the details of fighting every class out there, but one thing is important in almost all one-on-one fights: Most classes have ways to interrupt heals -- counterspell, shield bash, kick, earthshoch, etc -- so you'll need to plan ahead to heal only when they can't do that to you. This usually means saving your stun and your shields (and Repentance if you have it) for situations where you need to heal. There are some cases where you can use HoJ offensively, but usually you should go into a duel with it earmarked for healing.
The principle is the same as group PvE -- keep your teammates alive and safe -- but the methods are very different. Damage comes a lot faster in PvP, and smart teams will focus fire on the squishier members of your group, so you have to keep your eyes open and react fast.
Use your blessings. Blessing of Freedom has only a 20-second cooldown, so toss it around liberally to get rid of hamstrings and wingclips on your teammates.
Blessing of Sacrifice can do a lot to keep a squishy alive against focused fire. As an extra bonus, the damage transfer from the blessing will make you immune to sap/polymorph/etc. Always toss BoSac on a teammate or two when you start fighting.
And of course Blessing of Protection turns any cloth-wearer into an almost-unkillable god for ten seconds. It also breaks sap, and you can even cast it on yourself when you're sapped.
Cleanse nasty stuff off of your group. You probably won't be able to keep everyone clean, so learn to recognize what's important. Squishies are fragile, so keep DoTs off of them. Rogues can't stealth with DoTs or hunter marks on them, so try to keep those taken care of as well. On the other hand, a warrior probably isn't going to die from a Shadow Word: Pain, so if there are other things going on you can let that slide.
Healing can be tough at times because our only useful PvP heal takes 2.5 seconds, compared to 1.5 seconds for other classes. This makes our heals harder to get off in time when someone is beating hard on a teammate. It helps a lot if you can start a heal before your target even starts taking damage, and the way to predict this is to watch the enemy. Compared to PvE healing, you'll need to spend a bit more time watching the action and a bit less time watching health bars. Try to avoid enemies that can interrupt your heals, and use the confusion of battle to your advantage; if a mage is tossing fireballs at someone else, he'll almost never switch targets to counterspell you.
There are times to melee and deal damage of course, but your first priority should be taking care of your group. Spending 2.5 seconds to heal a warrior is probably going to help your group dps more than any damage you could do in that time, and casting BoP on a priest who's getting ganked by a rogue is a much bigger help than trying to kill the rogue yourself. The best quote about PvP I've ever seen was on the Wow Paladin forum: "When I'm playing well, I'm making everyone else on my team look really good."
Same goes for raising your weapon skill: if you have a nice axe you're going to use for awhile, don't worry about skilling up maces. When you find a mace and you want to switch, you can train up then. The only exception is that you should be trained up to your level maximum in a one-hand and a two-hand skill, because you'll need both one-handers and two-handers for different situations.
If you're Alliance, You can learn one-handed and two-handed swords and polearms from Woo Ping in Stormwind. You can learn one-handed and two-handed axes from a trainer in Ironforge whose name escapes me at the moment. Either trainer can be found by asking a guard in the appropriate city for help. There's also a sword trainer in Darnassus if you're unfortunate enough to find yourself there needing training.
If you're Horde, you can learn one and two-handed maces in Thunder Bluff, one and two-handed axes in Orgrimmar, and polearms in Silvermoon City.
For a paladin, no. Axe = mace = sword for a paladin. Human paladins do get a skill bonus for maces and swords, but this is very small compared to the differences between weapons. Use whichever weapon has the best stats or looks the coolest.
One-hand and shield is better for tanking with a group, for soloing tougher melee monsters, and basically any situation where you need to last a long time.
A two-hander is better for dealing raw damage (in most cases), for soloing easier monsters and spellcaster types, and for most PvP situations.
These are guidelines, not rules. You should go with your own instincts and what you feel comfortable with in different situations.
It depends on your spec and what you're doing.
A Retribution spec Paladin trying to deal damage will generally be best off with a slow weapon. Seal of Command and Crusader Strike both give "free" weapon swings, so it pays to have a slow weapon to make these swings as powerful as possible.
Seal of Righteousness, on the other hand, doesn't care what speed weapon you're using. Slower weapons do more SoR damage per swing, but since they swing slower the dps comes out the same.
If you're Protection specced and have Reckoning, then ideally you'll want a weapon with a speed of 2.0 or slower to make your Reckoning procs last the full eight seconds.
There are a lot of good, slow blue two-handers available at the endgame, including Dreadforge Retaliator (Blackrock Depths), Blackhand Doomsaw (Upper Blackrock Spire), Tombstone Axe (Scholomance), Malown's Slam (Stratholme), Ice-Barbed Spear (Alterac Valley quest reward), Hammer of the Titans (crafted), and Arcanite Reaper (crafted). The Arcanite Reaper does the most damage, though Malown's Slam is my personal favorite for the proc. But any of these weapons will serve you well.
Of course, if you can get your hands on something purple from MC or wherever, then by all means go for it.
Short answer: For grouping, stamina and intellect. For soloing, stamina and a mix of intellect and strength depending on your build and how much mana you think you'll need.
The focus of the class is taking a beating and staying alive, so stamina is clearly very important. You'll also need mana to do just about anything useful, so intellect is important as well. Strength boosts your damage output, which is useful when you're alone but not so important in groups where other classes will be pumping out more damage.
Agility boosts your crit rate, which is nice, but in the long run you'll get a much bigger damage boost from strength, so it's not worth sacrificing other stats for agility. If you want to boost your crit rate, look for items with direct +crit% bonuses, which are not hard to find at level 60.
Spirit can be useful for soloing by reducing downtime between kills. However in group situations, especially at higher levels, you'll find yourself casting something or other very often. Since you don't regenerate mana from spirit for 5 seconds after the last spell you cast, even throwing a few cleanses in a fight can put a big damper on your spirit regen. For this reason, spirit isn't much use in groups. If you need mana regeneration for long fights, look for gear that restores mana every 5 seconds, which will always give you mana back whether you're casting or not.
Some gear comes with bonuses such as "Increases damage and healing by spells and effects by up to X", or just "Increases healing done by spells and effects by up to X". For short, these are usually called something like +spelldamage and +healing. These bonuses increase the damage or healing done by spells; the exact amount they increase it depends on the spell.
Gear with +spelldamage works in a similar manner. However, most spells with casting times less than 1.5 seconds still get treated as 1.5-second casts. So for example, Hammer of Wrath (1 second cast) and Exorcism (instant cast) still get a 43% bonus to their damage from +spelldamage gear. There are some exceptions, however, for things like AoE spells and Seals that proc.
Seal of Righteousness: 10%. This is 10% per swing, so if you're using +spelldamage gear with SoR, a fast weapon will do more holy damage than a slow one -- this can be important for tanking.
Seal of Command: 29% (per proc).
Consecration: 33%. This amount is spread over the entire length of the spell. It takes 24 points of +spelldamage to increase the damage of each tick of Consecration by 1 point.
Holy Shock: 43%. If used for healing it gets the +healing bonus. If used for damage it gets only the +damage bonus.
For greens, anything "of the Eagle" (sta/int) is good. For soloing, you can mix in some Bear (sta/str) if you like, or even some Gorilla (str/int).
In most cases you'll want to stick with the heaviest armor you can wear (mail til level 40, plate afterwards) although in situations where you don't expect to get hit much it can sometimes be worth wearing leather or cloth if it gives you useful stats.
At level 60 you can start accumulating some gear with +damage and +healing bonuses, which will boost your healing and holy damage abilities.
4.9 What are Lightforge and Soulforge? Are they any good? Where do I get them?
Lightforge Armor is the blue Paladin set (sometimes referred to as Dungeon Set 1, or Tier 0), and it drops in three of the endgame 5-10 man instances: Stratholme, Scholomance, and Blackrock Spire. It has eight pieces, some of which are great and some of which are not so great. Overall it's a fairly nice mixture of stamina, intellect, strength, and even some agility.
These pieces vary in usefulness; some are excellent, others not so good.
The various Lightforge pieces can be upgraded to the Soulforge Armor set through a series of level-60 quests that begin with Deliana in the throne room of Ironforge. The Soulforge set consists of four rare and four epic pieces, with a combination of stamina, intellect, strength, spell damage, mana regeneration, and melee and spell criticial bonuses. This makes it an excellent all-around set for a level 60 Paladin.
The quest chain starts off with some fairly easy solo questiong, but quickly gets more difficult and requires a good group to complete. (Each class follows the same quest line to upgrade its armor set.) Be warned that a fairly substantial amount of cash (400-500g in total) and materials is required. The quest line can be done in stages, but you have to have all the pieces for each stage in order to upgrade and move on to the next series of quests. The first stage upgrades the bracers; the second upgrades belt and gloves; the third upgrades shoulders, leggings, and boots; and the final stage upgrades the helm and chestplate.
The Tier 1 Paladin epic armor set is Lawbringer Armor, which is eight pieces and drops off of bosses and random mobs in Molten Core. This set has a lot of stamina and intellect, some mana regeneration and healing bonuses, and a decent amount of strength (though actually less than Lighforge). To get it, you'll have to go with a 40-man raid into Molten Core, which takes a fair bit of time and effort and can only be raided once a week. There will probably be at least 4-5 other Paladins on the raid who will also want Lawbringer, so it'll take you many months of regular MC raids to get the complete set.
Lawbringer is nice for general PvE and PvP; it gives you a very nice mana pool and decent melee damage; you can fill out your other gear slots (rings, trinkets, etc) with either damage items or mana/healing items and still have a nice well-rounded gear set.
The Tier 2 Paladin epic armor set is Judgement Armor, which has eight pieces. The legs drop off of Ragnaros in Molten Core, the helm drops off of Onyxia, and the other six pieces drop from bosses in Blackwing Lair, which is the higher-difficulty raid zone beyond Molten Core. Judgement has a strong mix of stamina, intellect, and strength, as well as mana regeneration and +spelldamage/healing bonuses, all of which make it excellent gear for Paladins.
which has nine pieces (the normal eight armor slots, plus a ring) and can be obtained by raiding Naxxramus. This set is designed totally for healing; it includes no offensive stats or bonuses, but a lot of stamina, intellect, mana regeneration, and healing bonuses.
Avenger's Battlegear is a five-piece set (helm, shoulders, chest, legs, feet) that can be obtained through quests and faction-building in the Temple of Ahn'Qiraj. The set is damage-oriented, with large amounts of stamina, intellect, strength, and agility, as well as mana regeneration, +spelldamage/healing, and +crit (both melee and spells).
The "superior quality" Paladin PvP armor set is the Lieutenant Commander's Redoubt, which includes six pieces (no bracers or belt) and can be purchased at PvP ranks 7-10. This set was introduced in patch 1.12, and is designed along similar lines to Soulforge, but it focuses a bit more on stamina and strength at the cost of some intellect. Notably, the three-piece set bonus reduces the cooldown on Hammer of Justice by 10 seconds.
The Lieutenant Commander's Aegis is the older blue PvP set. This set is no longer available from the PvP vendor, as it has been replaced by the Lieutenant Commander's Redoubt. However, you may see it occasionally on Paladins who purchased it prior to patch 1.12.
The epic Paladin PvP armor set is the Field Marshal's Aegis, which is basically a beefier version of the blue set. You can get this if you reach PvP ranks 12 and 13.
Freethinker's Armor is a five-piece set that can be obtained through questing and faction grinding in Zul'Gurub, the 20-man raid zone in Stranglethorn Vale. The necklace and chestplate are purple; the bracers, belt, and trinket are blue. The items are well-designed for PvP and general PvE, with a nice balance of sta/int/str/agi. The chest has a +1% crit bonus and the necklace increases Hammer of Justice duration by half a second.
Although it is not officially a Paladin set, Deathbone Guardian is a set designed with Paladin tanking in mind. The set features stamina, defense, and mana regeneration, and can be mixed and matched with other pieces in order to put together a good tanking set.
There's a lot of gear out there that gives +crit% bonuses, and listing it all would be a monumental task. However, if you've just reached level 60 and you're looking to accumulate some +crit% gear, the best place to start is by doing quests that give it as a reward. You can get all these pieces without having to do a dungeon/raid over and over hoping for a lucky drop, and you won't have to roll against snippy warriors, rogues, and hunters for them.
Blackhand's Breadth (trinket). This is a fantastic little trinket. The quest line starts when you kill Overlord Wyrmthalaak in Lower Blackrock Spire (you can do this in a raid) and you loot a letter from his body. It ends with a quest to kill General Drakkisath in Upper Blackrock Spire, which can be done in a 10-man raid.
Omokk's Girth Restrainer (plate belt). This involves killing three Lower Blackrock Spire bosses in a 5-man group. The quest line starts with a goblin named Bijou in LBRS.
Gordok's Handguards (plate gloves). Nice damage-dealing gloves. This quest comes from Captain Kromcrush in Dire Maul North, and can only be obtained and turned in after a successful tribute run. To complete the quest, you'll have to kill Prince Tortheldin in Dire Maul West.
Magni's Will (ring). This is an excellent ring for damage dealing. The quest line is challenging, and involves killing the Emperor in Blackrock Depths with a 5-man group. The chain begins with King Magni in Ironforge.
Band of the Penitent (ring). This is not a very good ring, since it only has the +crit%, but it's very easy to get. All you need to do is collect five Holy Waters from crates inside Stratholme. The quest starts at Light's Hope Chapel in Eastern Plaguelands.
Blinkstrike Armguards (plate bracers). Like the Ring of the Penitent, this isn't a very good item, but if you're a total junkie for crit gear, you can use these until you find something better. The quest line starts with Count Remington Ridgewell in the Stormwind Keep.
See the WoW Region Level Guide.
According to several people, the undead on the large island near Hillsbrad are apparently elites now.
5.4 Is there a level 20 quest?
Yes, and it's one of the best quest series in the game. To start it, speak to Duthorian Rall in Stormwind. When you've finished all the quests in the chain, you'll get a very, very nice reward.
For a thorough guide to this questline (with spoilers, however) see Navigar's post here.
Ironforge (who will send you to Stormwind anyway).
Talk to Brandur Ironhammer in Ironforge. He'll start you on a quest line that takes you out to Western Plaguelands and then later on to Sunken Temple. The end reward is your choice of a sword, a ring, or a trinket.
Talk to Brandur Ironhammer in Ironforge. He'll send you to speak to Lord Grayson Shadowbreaker, which will start you on the epic mount quest.
300g cash for "donations" to the Order.
Another 50g cash for Meredith Carlson to make Mana-Enriched Horse Feed.
Total cost should be less than 600g if you pay market prices for all the items.
There are a lot of viable builds, and the game is pretty forgiving if you choose a less-than-perfect build. And at any point, you can go to the trainer and pay a bit of gold to get all your talent points back to spend again. So nothing is set in stone; don't be afraid to experiment.
The most useful leveling talents are Seal of Command, Spiritual Focus, and the Divine Favor/Illumination combo. Seal of Command provides an enormous damage boost when using a slow two-handed weapon.
Spiritual Focus is still incredibly useful for almost anything a Paladin does. Unfortunately, in their infinite wisdom the developers chose to move it from the first tier of the Holy tree (where it was prior to the 1.9 patch) to the second tier of the Holy tree, so it's not as easy to get.
Divine Favor and Illumination combine to give you a free critical heal every two minutes, which is a huge benefit when you're grinding through monsters alone or with a group. However, this has also been moved deeper into the Holy tree.
1) Go for Seal of Command first, have it at level 20, and take advantage of the damage boost. You'll have to be careful about healing when you're getting whacked on, because you won't have Spiritual Focus until 26-30 or so, so you'll have to use your stun and shields to buy time to heal.
2) Get Divine Strength or Divine Intellect first, and then go for Spiritual Focus at levels 15-19. Damage-wise, you'll have to get by with Seal of Righteousness until you can climb Retribution for SoC (which you can have by level 30), but you'll have the comfort of being able to reliably heal while you're getting hit.
Either way will do well; it's a matter of personal preference. I don't recommend the Protection tree for leveling anymore; it doesn't reach full potency until you get Holy Shield, which you won't have until level 40 at least. Prior to that it doesn't contain many useful leveling talents.
Depends on what you like to do and how you like to do it. The Holy tree focuses on healing efficiency and holy damage. Protection is about stuns, shield blocking, and reactive damage. Retribution is about raw melee damage.
Consecration (Holy) is useful in both PvE and PvP. In PvE it's a great source of holy damage for tanking; it'll generate threat on all mobs in the area of effect, even more so if you have Righteous Fury up. In PvP it interrupts channeled spells, slows down spellcasting, and de-stealths rogues. Usually the damage isn't worth the mana cost, so in PvP you can stick with rank 1 to conserve mana most of the time. However, when you're trying to kill someone quickly, it can be worthwhile to spend the mana for the extra damage.
Divine Favor is a free critical heal every two minutes (with the prerequisite Illumination). This is hugely useful almost anywhere. In solo PvE it lets you grind with very little downtime. In solo PvP, it lets you heal a much larger fraction of your health bar in one heal (very useful when you only have a six-second stun to heal yourself without getting interrupted). In group situations it lets you stretch your healing beyond what your mana bar would normally allow. Since the 1.9 patch, there's no limit on how long you can wait between casting Divine Favor and casting the Heal, so if you like you can simply cast it before a fight and it'll be there until you actually cast your first heal. This makes it much more useful in group PvP because you don't have to take the extra time to cast Divine Favor right before a heal.
Holy Shock (Holy) is terribly mana-inefficient, but its value is that it's a burst of damage you can use exactly when you need it. It's the only instant-damage ability we get in PvP. This is great for finishing off enemies that are almost dead before they can heal (in conjunction with Hammer of Wrath), interrupting channeling spells (like bandaging), and pulling aggro (with Righteous Fury). Since the 1.9 patch, it can also be used as a heal, although it's fairly weak (about on the level of your maximum rank of Flash of Light).
Blessing of Kings (Protection) makes everyone better at whatever they're already good at. If the target has reasonably good gear, this is the best buff in the game; it can give more total stat points than Improved Mark of the Wild, and more importantly it distributes those points to wherever the character needs them most (assuming intelligent gear choice, of course). Very nice in groups, especially in large raids with multiple paladins.
Reckoning (Protection) turns your opponents' crits against them. This works on all crits, including ranged and spell crits. If your autoattack is turned off when you get critted, the extra attack will be stored. You can save up to four attacks this way, and all of them will be released when you turn autoattack back on. This is incredibly useful because it lets you store up free attacks while you're stunned, or being kited, or just healing and supporting your teammates; then once you have four, you can run over to a cloth-wearer, switch on autoattack, and take away 2/3 of their health in one shot. This is not generally useful in PvE, where monster crit rates are low and you won't get kited or stunned. For some people Reckoning won't help much, but if it matches your playstyle it's a fantastic talent.
Holy Shield (Protection) allows you to put out very nice dps without giving up on the damage mitigation of wielding a shield -- as long as you're being attacked. This can be used for efficient solo grinding (usually fighting two mobs at once to use up all four charges), for keeping aggro in instances (with Judgement of Fury) and for destroying rogues and dual-wield warriors in PvP.
Seal of Command (Retribution) is the best damage-boosting ability available to Paladins. The chance for it to proc depends on the speed of the weapon; slower weapons have a higher chance to proc per swing, and you can expect any weapon to proc 6-8 times per minute. Since it does 70% of weapon damage, a slow, hard-hitting weapon is the best for this. The description says it does "additional holy damage" but the way it really behaves is like an extra melee attack that does holy damage. The proc can be dodged, parried, or blocked, but it crits at the melee crit chance for 200% damage (instead of 150% damage like spells), and armor has no effect on it. The judgement also behaves the same way, so if you crit the judgement you'll do 200% damage (potentially 800+ points) that won't be affected by armor.
Repentance (Retribution) has the same mana cost and cooldown as Hammer of Justice, so it's effectively a second stun every minute. It does break on damage, but it's also ranged, so you can use it as a spell interrupt, to stop runners, or to get full damage from Judgement of Command. Only marginally useful in PvE (most mobs aren't humanoids) but absolutely fantastic in PvP.
This is a classic build updated for the new talents in the 1.9 patch. The deep spec in Holy gives excellent healing for both PvP and PvE, while the Retribution talents give very good melee damage. This build packs more controlled burst damage than any other spec, which makes it excellent for duels and PvP. The version here is my current spec, which I use for endgame PvE raids and occasional PvP.
An excellent spec for PvE raids, since it gives you excellent healing and the ever-popular BoK. This also works well for tanking in 5-man groups, with Improved Righteous Fury and Consecration, as well as shortened cooldowns for Hammer of Justice and Blessing of Protection. Also very useful in group PvP, although the lack of Seal of Command means this build works much better in a support role.
This is a build optimized for PvP healing and support. Reduced cooldowns on Hammer of Justice and Blessing of Protection improve the ability to protect teammates in group PvP situations, and Improved Concentration Aura makes it easier to keep healing under fire. Consecration is also available for some light AoE damage, and Reckoning delivers huge amounts of burst damage when taking crits.
A PvP-oriented spec based on the Retribution tree, although it can also work well for PvE. Best tactic for killing things with this build is to load up on +crit gear to keep Vengeance active as much as possible. Repentance is handy for squeezing full damage out of Judgement of Command, for interrupting spells, for stopping runners, and for buying time to heal.
Holy Shield is a nifty talent; unfortunately the fact that it requires 31 points means there isn't a lot of room for varied builds with it. This is a tanking-oriented build designed for getting aggro with Consecration and keeping it with Holy Shield.
This guy's goal is maximum damage in PvE. He doesn't care about much else. My personal opinion is that if you're seriously considering this build you'd probably be happier rolling a warrior. But, people sometimes ask for the build that deals the most damage, so here it is.
Righteous Defense was Taunt for Paladins added in TBC , so basically this is not Vanilla Guide.
The Spiritual Attunement ability gives you mana each time you're healed by someone besides yourself.
What talents were/are new in 1.9 patch? Anathema is on patch 1.9 since aq right?
I found it helpful. Never claimed it was mine.
remove the TBC stuff, add some talent builds (since you removed the old links).
I know it says through naxx, but honestly it has nothing to do with naxx. It mention tier 3, that's it.


text:
Immorality, North America
West Point Tries to Defend the Idea of a Just War
By David Swanson, Director, World BEYOND War
Villanova University is hosting a West Point Military Academy-supported event about "Just War" theory.
The professor who teaches "ethics" at West Point last year lost two debates on the topic of whether war can ever be justified. Videos: one, two. I admit to being biased, as I was the one debating him, but the first event polled people at the start and finish and found that they'd been moved in the direction of agreeing with me. At the second event, the moderator failed to poll the audience, and I suspect the audience was more in agreement with me to begin with, but the video speaks for itself.
The idea that a war can be justified by an ancient imperialist set of sophistries is thoroughly debunked here. That's a link to a book I wrote in preparation for a debate on "Just War" theory with a professor who writes books in defense of it. Here's the video of that debate.
I believe it is plain from watching such videos that no great skill is required to debunk this stuff, that it falls under its own weight. But, perhaps I'm biased. Judge for yourself.
Talk Nation Radio: Omali Yeshitela on No to NATO — Yes to Peace
What's NATO Ever Done? Nuclear-Armed Terrorist Organization creates enemies
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Q: How to get column value from "nested relation" in sql Not sure of the correct phrasing to use here, but here's the case.
I have 3 tables.
Employee

id
name
department_id

1
Jon Doe
2

Department

id
name
office_id

2
Accounting
3

Office

id
name

3
London

Now, getting the employee with department name is straight forward:
select employee.id, employe.name, department.name as department_name, department.office_id
from employee
inner join department on employee.department_id = department.id

How can i also include the office name in the result?

A: You can use a second inner join for the office:
select employee.id, employe.name, department.name as department_name, department.office_id, office.name as office_name
from employee
inner join department on employee.department_id = department.id
Inner join office on office.id = department.office_id

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


For allergy and asthma suffers, the critical issue is the amount of dust and allergens present in the air. In the past carpet has been unfairly singled out for its alleged association with dust and allergies.
However, those views are little more than urban myths.
A major study by the German Allergy and Asthma Society (DAAB) (ALLERGIE konkret 2/2005) found that wall-to-wall carpet reduces dust in the air by 50% of that found above hard flooring surfaces.
The researchers concluded that for particularly sensitive persons already suffering from previous damage to their airways, "the selection of a flooring material that binds dust and does not emit it to the air to be breathed is an essential preventative aspect".
A properly maintained carpet traps dust particles, removing them from the breathing zone and, compared to hard surfaces, particles are retained within the carpet pile structure.
The German study backs up the views of Australian respiratory experts Marks and Abramson in their paper 'House dustmite avoidance: Facts and fiction' (Asthma Update 2001). Reviewing evidence of the effectiveness of the various dustmite exposure minimisation strategies and clinical evidence, Marks and Abramson conclude that removing carpet has not been demonstrated to reduce overall dustmite allergen exposure in the home and recommend against any drastic and unproven lifestyle modifications such as removing carpet.
It has now been proven that a properly maintained carpet has a positive effect on indoor air quality.
VOC emissions consist of a range of volatile organic compounds which at room temperature may be released from materials or products in the form of gases.
Some of the common sources of VOCs in the indoor environment are cleaning agents and polishes, cosmetics and deodorants, dry cleaned clothing, building materials (e.g. adhesives, laminates, caulking compounds, medium density fibre board), furnishings (e.g. furniture, drapery and floor coverings), office equipment (e.g. photocopiers and laser printers), cigarette smoke and air drawn from outside.
As part of the manufacturing process, carpet passes through a finishing oven at 150°C to 170°C. This drives off most of the volatile chemicals including solvents in adhesives and raw materials, leaving a product with a low VOC content.
When compared to other building materials with significant indoor exposure, carpet is a minor contributor to VOC emissions. Approximately 90% of VOCs discharged from carpet dissipate within a few days of installation.
In addition, carpet has a purifying impact on indoor air quality by absorbing VOCs e.g. formaldehyde, and trapping particulates present in indoor air.
Note: During installation of new carpet, the area should be adequately ventilated.
Flooring and stairs can be a risk factor for slips and falls in buildings. And the most common hazards are hard slippery surfaces that do don't absorb energy impacts when falls occur.
Most injurious falls occur in the home and those most at risk are the elderly and children.
Carpet is slip resistant because of the product's piled surface. This is confirmed by the results obtained from commissioned testing carried out by independent laboratories. 60 carpets were tested in accordance with the requirements of Australian standard AS 4586:2013 – Slip resistance classification of new pedestrian surface materials. All carpets tested achieved P4 or P5 slip resistance ratings. For dry surfaces which is the majority of carpet installations only a classification of P3 is required (other than ramps steeper than 1:14).
Carpet, with or without underlay, can also reduce the severity of slip and fall injuries because the surface provides greater impact attenuation than hard flooring.
Wall to wall carpet and carpet tiles provide a safe, slip resistant surface option.
Carpet softens harsh sounds and creates a quieter and more productive indoor environment.
Carpet is the only method available for eliminating excessive noise generated by floor impacts such as noise produced from footfalls and also helps to reduce sound reverberation to acceptable levels. While there are other sound absorption alternatives such as acoustic ceiling tiles and panels, they do not reduce floor impacts and for this reason cannot achieve the same overall reduction in noise levels.


text:
Q: Tricky inheritance issue when dealing with static variables My understanding is that in Java inheriting a parent class with static variables means that the static variables will simply be shared between the parent and child classes, and trying to "override" static variables will only result in hiding them.
I already have defined class A in my project, with functions that use the static variables defined in class A. I would like to create a very similar class--class B--such that it would have the same functions (without having to duplicate the code for the functions by copy-pasting them into the class B file), but have the functions use static variables defined in class B.
If I simply tried "overriding" the static variables after extending class A, the functions (even when called through an instance of class B) would simply still use static variables in class A (instead of class B) due to "hiding". Is there a way to not duplicate the code for the functions and share the logic (that reference the static variables) but somehow still meet the following requirements?

*

*Keep using static variables

*Don't add/force the use of getter methods for the static variables because forcing the use of getter methods would mean that future changes to the code would require remembering to have to use getter methods instead of the variables directly. For example, if we implemented it this way and then someone adds a new function (say newFunction()) that uses the static variable directly (instead of using the getter method), class B would now use the static variables for class A (since getter methods were not used) when newFunction() is called for class B.

public class A {
    public static String CONSTANT_1 = "Some information";
    public static String CONSTANT_2 = "More information";
    public static String CONSTANT_3 = "Something Something";
    public static String CONSTANT_4 = "More stuff, more stuff";

    public void doSomething() {
        // do something with CONSTANT_1
    }

    public void doSomething2() {
        // do something with CONSTANT_2
    }

    public void doSomething3() {
        // do something with CONSTANT_3
    }

    // ...
}

public class B extends A {
    public static String CONSTANT_1 = "abc";
    public static String CONSTANT_2 = "def";
    public static String CONSTANT_3 = "ghi";
    public static String CONSTANT_4 = "jkl";

    // don't want to repeat all the logic in the functions in class A,
    // want to somehow inherit or share code for functions between classes A and B,
    // but have different static variables being used in the functions
}

What I considered so far but am not fully satisfied with yet:

*

*Converting to Kotlin (not sure how well inheritance would work, with static being replaced with companion objects)

*Usage of getter methods as described in the post

*Using non-static instead of static (trying to see if we can keep the variables static)

A: I would define the member variables and methods as non-static members of an abstract class. Then expose a singleton instance of the abstract class in A, which you can use like:
A.getInstance().doSomething();

And then in B, you can expose a singleton instance of a subclass of the abstract class.
In Kotlin, this could look a bit cleaner. You could make A and B each be objects that extend the same abstract class. Or if A or B is also a regular class, then instead give them companion objects that extend the abstract class.

A: If you want to keep the variables static, you could make the methods in class A accept variables as a parameter.
To use the methods without creating objects of the class make the methods static too.
public static void doSomething(String one) {
    // do something with CONSTANT_1
    System.out.println(one);
}

And you can use the same method as follows,
A.doSomething(A.CONSTANT_1);
A.doSomething(B.CONSTANT_1);


In this recipe for slow cooker apple crumble, the apple filling cooks at the same time as the crumble oatmeal topping for the ultimate warm dessert to go with a family meal. It's a one-pot recipe with the added convenience of getting the food prep out of the way earlier on.
A crumble is of course a well-loved dessert enjoyed in the UK to follow the good old Sunday roast, or in fact any day for a bit of comfort food! Cooking apples are sliced up and baked in a dish at the same time as the crumble topping.
Apple crumble is very similar to apple crisp which is a dessert from the USA. Traditionally crumbles don't contain oats, but I actually like to add in oats in my crumbles to give the topping a bit more texture than just flour, butter and sugar.
An apple crisp topping usually has a higher proportion of oats, and as they bake they crisp up, giving the pie its name. In practice though I think crumbles and crisps are often very much the same dessert, so feel free to call this recipe a slow cooker apple crumble or a slow cooker apple crisp!
For me the convenience of making desserts in my slow cooker is that same key factor which makes me use my crockpots for main meals – convenience!
Taking the food preparation and doing it earlier, then leaving your dish bubbling away in the crockpot, while you can then do something else, means there is no mad rush to get the food cooked when everyone is hungry and I've just finished work.
Make sure you check out my slow cooker archives for loads of slow cooker recipes from main dishes, bread, desserts, fudge, one-pot dishes to the most indulgent chocolate bakes!
I also have an extensive guide to all the different bakes and desserts you can make in a slow cooker, some of which might surprise you!
When you make a crumble in the slow cooker you still get that delicious topping with crispy edges, and the apples cook wonderfully underneath the crumble streusel top layer.
Prepare your cooking apples by peeling and coring, then slice and place them in the slow cooker. Add the sugar for the apples, and cinnamon (if using), and stir to coat the slices evenly.
2. In a large bowl, prepare your crumble topping. Sift the flour into the bowl, then cut the butter into cubes and rub it into the flour. You can use butter straight from the fridge when making crumble, you don't need to bring it to room temperature like when you are making a cake. Rub in until the mixture has the texture of medium (not fine) breadcrumbs.
Stir in the sugar and oats.
3. Pour the crumble topping over the fruit, and even it so it is flat and evenly distributed in the pot, press down lightly.
4. Turn on the slow cooker. Take a clean dish towel and place it under the slow cooker lid, folding up the sides so they do not drape over the metal edges of the slow cooker, but instead up over the lid. Put the lid on and cook on high, set the timer to 2.5 hours.
5. Once the 2.5 hours has passed, take the lid off, turn it at a right angle so the steam can escape, and cook for another 30 minutes on high. This helps the crumble topping to crisp up.
6. Serve, with custard if desired.
Prepare the apples by coring, peeling and slicing, and place them in the slow cooker.
Make the crumble in the usual way; sift the flour into a bowl, rub in the butter, stir in the sugar and oats.
Tip in the sugar for the fruit and give it a stir. Spray the sides of the slow cooker bowl where the crumble will be with some cooking spray or oil, to prevent sticking.
Finally, tip the crumble mixture over the fruit and press it down lightly.
Now switch the slow cooker on to high, place a clean tea towel under the lid to stop water dripping onto the crumble, and cook on high for 3 hours.
After two and a half hours, place the lid ajar and cook for another 30 mins to an hour until the crumble firms up and starts to go crispy around the edges.
Would not have thought to do a crumble in the slow cooker but great idea and I love how the apple becomes so soft!
What a great idea for the slow cooker. Apple crumble is a firm favourite in our house and always looking for ways to make cooking easier and more time efficient.


Nothing says True Health like a soft skin and shiny coat.
This formulation contains a unique blend of ingredients that are high in Omega-3 fatty acids, which play a critical role in normal skin function and appearance.
• Hemp leaf, hemp oil and ground hemp seed, containing naturally-occuring phytocannabinoids, omega-3 fetty acids and a source of protein and dietary fibre.
• Ground flax seed: a natural source of Alpha Linolenic Acid (ALA).
• Salmon oil: a marine source of Omega-3 fatty acids DHA and EPA.
• Dried pomegranate: a natural source of antioxidants.
Dried poultry protein (16%), fresh chicken (15%), potato flour, potato protein, potato starch, potato flakes, poultry fat, dried liver, hemp oil (4%), hydrolysed protein, cellulose, hemp seed (2%), hemp leaf (dried & ground, 1%), sunflower protein (0,5%), linseed (0,45%), pomegranate (dried 0,3%), salmon oil (0,3%), dried brewer's yeast.
Protein 32.0%, fat content 17.0%, crude fibre 4.5%, crude ash 5.9%, moisture 10.0%, omega-3 - 1.4%, omega-6 - 4.9%.


text:
Sunrise and sunset times in Capel Saint Mary
Check out today's and tomorrow's sunrise and sunset times in Capel Saint Mary, England, United Kingdom, as well as the whole calendar for January 2023.
Day length: 9 hours, 7 minutes
Sunset in Capel Saint Mary, England was 3 hours, 43 minutes ago
Tomorrow will be 3 minutes longer than today in Capel Saint Mary
Capel Saint Mary,
Longitude: 1.044820
January 2023 - Capel Saint Mary, England - Sunrise and sunset calendar
Sunrise and sunset times, civil twilight start and end times as well as solar noon, and day length for every day of January in Capel Saint Mary.
In Capel Saint Mary, England, the first day of January is 7 hours, 55 minutes long. The last day of the month is 9 hours, 7 minutes, so the length of the days gets 1 hour, 12 minutes longer in January 2023.
7:23:23 am 8:01:43 am 3:56:48 pm 4:35:09 pm 07:55:05 11:59:16 am 6:39 am 5:18 pm 5:58 am 5:59 pm
Year distribution of sunrise and sunset times in Capel Saint Mary, England - 2023
The following graph shows sunrise and sunset times in Capel Saint Mary for every day of the year. There are two jumps in the graph that represent the hour change for Daylight Saving Time (DST) in Capel Saint Mary, England.
Llanwonno
Roecliffe
Lower Halstow
Kirkcambeck
Mickle Trafford
Wood End
Marston Green


Overload and maximum interrupting capacities are specified for each series, defined as the maximum current levels that can be switched safely for a minimum of 40 operations, and a minimum of 3 operations respectively. For thermal circuit breakers back-up protection is advised if higher currents are possible. Please contact us for further advice on specific applications.
IEC 60934/EN 60934 defines interrupting capacity as the rated conditional short circuit current performance. According to category PC1, this is the value of rated conditional short circuit current (interrupting capacity) for which the prescribed conditions do not include fitness of the CBE for its further use. PC2 is defined as the value of rated conditional short circuit current for which the prescribed conditions do include fitness of the CBE for its further use.
The switching sequence for short circuit tests is normally abbreviated as follows, according to relevant international CBE standards.
The circuit breaker in the closed position is caused to open through a short circuit current applied by means of a separate switch. Referenced as co (closed open) in earlier specifications.
The circuit breaker in the open condition is closed onto a sustained short circuit and must immediately re-open. This operating mode requires the circuit breaker to be fail-safe as the actuator cannot be released as quickly as the circuit breaker mechanism will open. Referenced as oco (open close open) in earlier specifications.
Normally 3 minutes, or the period required before the circuit breaker can be re-set.
Common switching sequences are: O-t-CO or O-t-CO-t-CO.


text:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 22/11/2014 09:20:02 by Hibernate Tools 3.6.0 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="farmaciaweb.Models.DetalhesPedido" table="Detalhes_pedido" schema="dbo" catalog="farmaciaweb">
        <composite-id name="id" class="farmaciaweb.Models.DetalhesPedidoId">
            <key-property name="codigoPedido" type="int">
                <column name="codigo_pedido" />
            </key-property>
            <key-property name="codigoProduto" type="int">
                <column name="codigo_produto" />
            </key-property>
        </composite-id>
        <many-to-one name="pedidos" class="farmaciaweb.Models.Pedidos" update="false" insert="false" fetch="select">
            <column name="codigo_pedido" not-null="true" />
        </many-to-one>
        <many-to-one name="produtos" class="farmaciaweb.Models.Produtos" update="false" insert="false" fetch="select">
            <column name="codigo_produto" not-null="true" />
        </many-to-one>
        <property name="precoUnitario" type="long">
            <column name="preco_unitario" precision="18" scale="0" not-null="true" />
        </property>
        <property name="quantidade" type="int">
            <column name="quantidade" not-null="true" />
        </property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Matier & Ross March 22, 2017 Updated: March 22, 2017 6 a.m.
Mayor Ed Lee in May 2016.
The drive to recall San Francisco Mayor Ed Lee died a quiet death when its leaders failed to deliver any of the 47,565 voter signatures needed to put it on the ballot.
"Recall leaders blundered from the beginning, and never gathered any significant public or political support," said P.J. Johnston, spokesman for the anti-recall effort.
Recall effort leader Mike Murphy did not return our call.
The recall, launched last year, was prompted by Lee's close ties with tech and real estate interests. At the time, many of those close to Lee considered it a threat to the mayor, given his slide in popularity.
Lee's friends in the business community and labor raised $75,000 to beat back the measure and spent $10,000, mostly on legal fees.
However, just as quickly as it was launched, the drive went off the road when a confrontation between recall backers and a group of 200 Lee supporters — many of whom were Asian American —was caught on video.
The video went viral, and even the mayor's staunchest critics condemned the outburst. Whatever momentum the recall effort might have had was stopped in its tracks.


text:
Finders Keepers: Hunt for £12,000 Diamond Continues in Lincolnshire
Bingo Ventura
Residents of Lincolnshire, a county east of England, are still searching for the £12,000 ($20,100) that dropped down from the sky.
A few days ago, jewelry retailer 77 Diamonds launched a box containing a 1.14-carat diamond into space as a publicity stunt. The company secured permission from the Civil Aviation Authority to launch the helium balloon to the edge of space.
The box containing the diamond was attached to a helium balloon. Mirror UK reports that the balloon with the precious diamond was tracked using GPS technology after it went up to a height of 20 kilometers above the earth.
The balloon burst, and according to reports, the diamond descended and is now said to be within a 5-mile radius of Lea, a village in Lincolnshire.
People are now scrambling to find the diamond, but it seems that no one has found it as of writing. 77 Diamonds' co-founder said that anyone who finds the diamond gets to keep it.
"Whoever finds our diamond really does get to keep it, so we are encouraging the general public to go out and start searching for it."
The company said that people should watch out for a bright orange parachute connected to a white balloon. If they find it, they will be able to find the diamond inside a red and silver box that is about the size of a shoebox.
Two days after its launch, the diamond still has not been found, and the GPS still reads that it is still in the location where it landed.
Residents of the county announced on Twitter that they were out searching for the diamond in the sky. Other wished that they didn't have to go to work so that they can spend time looking for the diamond.
According to International Business Times, 77 Diamonds did the stunt to promote their interactive universe called "Diamonds in the Sky," where users are asked to fill the virtual sky with thousands of stars. Tobias Kormind, the company's co-founder said that their goal was to bring a diamond in the sky, literally.
"77 Diamonds has a long history of helping people to find the perfect diamond for an extra-special event in their lives. With Diamonds in the Sky, we wanted to explore the parallels between diamonds and stars in an imaginative and engaging way."
The company said to follow their Twitter account as they will be announcing who gets to find the Diamond in the Sky.
[Images via International Business Times]


Radio presenters Jalas and Mwakideu are the most renowned and among the most highest paid radio presenters in the country.
Jalas who had worked together with Mwakideu at Radio Maisha for four years parted ways and Jalango headed for greener pastures to Hot 96.
A month or two later they both came together and started working at Milele fm. It is believed that Jalango left Hot 96 because they had a disagreement with co-host Jeff Koinange and abused each other live on air.
In this video below, we can also see Jalas and Alex Mwakideu disagreeing on transport matters that resolved around the new implemented Michuki rules.
After the disagreement, Jalango is seen waking up from his sit and went ahead to face Alex Mwakideu who was seated from the other side of the studio.
Time Is An Asset: See Photos Of East Africa's Rich And Finest Celebrities Before And After Fame!