In many UHV-systems there is a chronic lack of sample plates, often due to a shortness of storage spaces for them.
Our currently largest of many sample receiver and storage solutions is the pictured RECOMSTAGE(D20).
It consists of four stacks, each stack featuring five double spaced slots for SHOM flag style sample plates or SHBSOMHM sample holders. The sample plates are held in place by two beryllium copper leaf springs.
"We ordered a custom-based ambient pressure XPS endstation from Ferrovac to study solid-liquid interfaces. Ferrovac did an excellent job both in terms of engineering and assembly and delivered the product on time. This endstation is very productive from the very first day it was connected to the synchrotron at the Swiss Light Source."
This configuration example provides every necessary degree of freedom for full control over your samples in a UHV environment and sample temperatures down to 10 Kelvin by combining a "Boomerax" high precision XY stage with our MZ linear Z-axis drive and incorporating a well-established and very stable Janis ST-400 continuous flow cryostat.
ST-400 He-Flow Cryostat :: As one of the the simplest methods of providing cooling in an ultra-high vacuum environment, the ST-400 has several features that are specific for UHV requirements.
MZ Z-Translator :: The optionally motorized linear Z-axis drive comes into play for accurate lifting and lowering. It's highest quality edge welded bellows fulfill the strictest requirements in terms of leak tightness and durability.
Boomerax MXY Module :: For smooth and exceptionally precise adjustment, it offers a resolution of 2 microns when manually driven and even higher resolutions when motorized.
Sample Environment :: Sample Heating Stage assembly for flag style sample plates, featuring a standard rectangular PBN/PG heater.
Sleeker and even more refined, yet equally precise and consistent, the new version of our DRVRM manual linear drive for RM and GMD sample transporters is also considerably more affordable than the previous model.
The DRVRM's hand wheel enables especially accurate manipulation, it's high precision spindle drive is coupled to the outer magnet of the sample transporter and controls it's linear motion.
Rotation can easily be locked or undone with a locking screw.
We constantly strive to make your daily work as simple and straight forward as possible, which in this case led to the development of our new LSA3.0 Ion Pump Controller.
It's new and advanced features are the direct pressure display in mbar (rather than a current value that had to be converted), an alarm function for low battery and/or high temperature as well as the built-in temperature measurement and display for a Pt100 sensor, making it the essential controller to have for our LN2-cooled VSN40S UHV Suitcases.
We are launching a less complex version of our sample transporter with independent rotary motion of the two inner shafts. It's main bearings are of the sliding type to ensure a long lifetime and smooth operation, even over the course of numerous bake out cycles.
The new and simplified design enables lower sales prices compared to our RMDG40 models.
Complementing our heating solutions is the recently updated HSASM40-MD16(TS)-TSMDH-HSMDDCOM heater assembly for direct current heating of SHOMDC sample holders.
Customizeable in it's lengths of travel and retraction, it's main element is the sample heating stage that's integrated into a complete assembly including a special DN40CF flange with linear/rotary as well as an electrical feedthrough.
Our new EVEX40 watercooled evaporation source is an advanced technological concept, based on the well-established EV40FC evaporator for ultra clean thin film deposition.
The great advantage this new design of the EVEX40 offers, is the very quick and easy in-situ exchange of the crucible as it is mounted on a SHOMEVCRW flag style sample plate.
A swivable front lid offers easy access. All that's needed is a pincer-equipped wobblestick for quick exchange of multiple crucibles (e.g. for various materials) that can all be used with the same evaporation source.
We have developed an even smaller, lighter and more cost efficient version of our UHV suitcase. The VSN40M is equally reliable yet especially practical wherever space is at a premium.
The Mini NexGeneration UHV Suitcase is the ideal solution for carrying and transferring multiple samples at once under true UHV conditions from one instrument to another. The samples are held in a storage mechanism such as a stack of receptacles or a carousel. Should only a single sample holder need to be stored and transferred, this is also possible using a pincer grip, fork or similar instead of the storage option.
Just like the standard size UHV suitcase, the VSN40M is designed as a modular concept so that it can be adapted to suit your specific requirements.
We presently have various EXSICA Vacuum Exsiccators on stock and available with a 10% discount*!
So take advantage of the current savings and quick delivery times.
Our Vacuum Exsiccators are the ideal solution for storing sensitive items under vacuum or in a controlled atmosphere.
Transparency of the polished PMMA as well as the storage box sets ensure a clear view and easy organization of samples. After pumpdown with a membrane pump, the exsiccator holds a base pressure of approximately 25mbar over a period of several months. A pressure meter roughly indicates the vacuum level. The box can be filled with dry Nitrogen or Argon if desired. An overpressure valve is provided for safety reasons.
Standard and portable versions of the vacuum desiccator as well as a complete portable system including a small membrane vacuum pump are readily available.
This time around, our product of the month is an "old acquaintance".
After freezing production of our EV40FC Evaporators in 2014, a limited amount will be ready for production shortly.
Either available fully assembled or as a self build kit, make the most of the opportunity and contact us for more information.
A rugged, versatile evaporator for a wide range of materials such as Ag, Au, Al, Ni, Co, Fe and many more. The evaporant is either placed into a tungsten crucible or the material can be directly evaporated from a rod.
A removable front lid allows easy access to the crucible which can be pulled out for replacement by releasing one single screw. The filling volume of the crucible is up to 500mm3.
The water cooled housing ensures ultra-clean film growth at base pressures in the lower 1E-10 mbar range. The EV40 is equipped with a manually actuated shutter.
Specialised in the supply of precision parts and components suitable for UHV, we also offer top quality products for a wide range of other applications.
Brand new in our line-up of heating solutions are three versions of the HSOMRAD sample heating stage.
Prepare your samples on SHOM flag style plates by inserting them into the shielded receptacle of the HSOMRAD heating stage.
Three filaments rapidly heat the stage up to a maximum operating temperature of 1000°C.
The HSOMRAD includes the heatable receptacle with heat shields and tungsten filaments, integrated into a stage that can easily be attached to one of our MD16 or MD40 Linear/Rotary Feedthroughs.
As an example for a flag style sample holder for single crystals, the SHOMCH can be individually adapted to suit other monocrystalline types.
This special flag style sample holder simplifies the process of mounting single crystals (type K005), it's four slits in the retaining plate ensuring safe and level clamping.
If you use another single crystal type and/or need other dimensions, please do not hesitate to contact us.
The VSCT40 dock paves the way for rapid transfer from a UHV Suitcase to your UHV system.
Our portable UHV-Suitcases are the most refined and easiest way of transporting samples under true UHV conditions between instruments in different locations.
In order to also greatly speed up transfer of your samples from the UHV-Suitcase into the UHV- System, our VSCT40 transfer chamber establishes sufficient vacuum within a fraction of the time needed when baking out conventionally. Vacuum in the VSCT40 is created using a turbo pump as well as a cryogenic pump.
The RMHS40-IVBR-TSRMBD serves as a vertically mounted manipulator, commonly used for sample insertion into cryogenic SPM's.
The layout of these systems calls for long travel and precise manipulation.
The RMHS40 sample transporter features a specially treated hollow shaft that offers the necessary straightness, lighter weight and crucially it also avoids excessive thermal conduction.
Strongly recommended for safety reasons is the inclusion of an IVBR in-vacuum brake that prevents the inner shaft from suddenly dropping, should the magnetic coupling be let go by accident.
Facilitating the handling of such long sample transporters, the TSRMBD belt drive provides quick elevation over longer distances using it's belt. Two hand wheels enable precise linear as well as rotary positioning.
Application example (with UHV cube) shown: Scanning tunneling microscope setup operating in UHV, very low temperature (T<0.1K) and high magnetic field (B>15T). The hollow shaft, belt-driven sample transporter by Ferrovac enables top-loading of the sample and tip holders from the transfer chamber (UHV cube) down to the STM head.
Used to align transfer axes of manipulator-to-chamber or chamber-to-chamber systems, port aligners are indispensable for most sample manipulations and transfer mechanics in UHV.
While all types of port aligner allow for angular and linear adjustments and compensation, the "HEX" models additionally enable lateral axis displacement.
Thanks to this enhanced flexibility, the axis of for example a sample transporter can be aligned with two different sample exchange positions in just one setting.
Hexapod port aligners are also especially sturdy.
Also see our Special Offers for discounted stock items.
Our RECOM receivers are a utilitarian component for UHV systems that operate with SHOM flag style sample plates.
Machined from a solid block, they are available in a variety of shapes and materials to suit specific requirements like high heat resistance or non-ferromagneticity. We also supply matching SHOM plates in a great variety of materials.
Secured in the RECOM by leaf sprung Ruby spheres, the sample plates glide over these point contacts with very low friction.
RECOMs are the fundamental building block for a whole host of sample storage solutions such as revolving carriers for SHOM plates.
Please contact us to find your matching off the shelf or customized sample plate receiver and/or storage solution.
Using longer sample transporters, it can be hard or impossible to simultaneously look inside the chamber over the full length of travel. Thus alignment checking is a step-by-step process, making for cumbersome handling.
Our new TSRMKG extension for remote manipulation is mounted on a guide rail for the sample transporter and enables full control while standing close to the system - for constant visual monitoring.
The finishing touches to an all-round sample handling and storage solution were realized mid-year with delivery to the University of California following soon after.
The system was developed in close collaboration between the engineering department of Ferrovac and Alexander S. McLeod and Michael Goldflam of the Department of Physics at UC San Diego.
"Behold, [...] an infrared image now from our microscope, showing conductive metallic regions percolating during a metal-insulator transition in an oxide film at ~160K. Suffice to say we are happy everything is working for us now with the RECOMECs, load-lock and wobblestick, this hardware is enhancing our productivity quite a lot!"
The system (pictured above) consists of a customized KS load lock cross and chamber, a WMG40 wobblestick with custom-made PGWMS pincer, a pair of MD linear/rotary feedthroughs equipped with eightfold RECOMSTACK sample storage stacks and the elementary RECOMEC13S receptacles and SHOMEC13 sample plates with electrical contacts.
In very limited space, the approach to the interchangeable probe and sample plates is only possible at a 47° angle, with the probe also tipping forward. A special pincer design accounts for these issues, making access to and exchange of the samples a smooth affair.
By simply twisting the wobblestick to one or the other side and back, the sample plate is held either straight for exchange with either storage stack or at an exact 47° for access to the microscope.
To store, protect and easily transport your samples, the small-scale exsiccator EXSICA3P in combination with the PUM005 roughing pump is the ideal solution.
The transparent (PMMA) panels provide a clear view of the contents for easy organization and the pump is mounted in a compact box that can be mounted/detached to an EXSICA3P desiccator - for on the spot pump down pretty much anywhere you are, as it operates on 12 Volts.
So even if you're truly "in the field" you can for example plug it into your car's 12V DC socket adapter to run it. A mains power adapter is also included.
Newly complementing our heating solutions are the modularly configurable resistive sample heating items presented below.
The basic building block is the RECOMHTR1001 heatable receptacle for sample plates, that fits directly on top of a HTR1001 Boralectric™ resistive heating element. For the resistive heater to function proficiently and reliably at high temperatures, material choice and a thoroughly considered construction of the stage are required.
The HSOMRHTR1001MD heating stage component is the intermediate configuration level, featuring both the heatable receptacle as well as the heating element, integrated in a stage that can be easily attached to one of our MD16 or MD40 Linear/Rotary Feedthroughs.
The HSASM40-MD16(TS)-TSMDH-HSOMRHRT1001MD is the fully configured assembly, with the heating stage attached to a Linear/Rotary Feedthrough, mounted on a DN40CF-flange and includes wiring as well as the electrical feedthrough.
Motorization of manipulators provides reliable, safe and precise movement, positioning and handling. Implemented in our motorized linear/rotary drives are the necessary prerequesites: a fine step resolution and a sturdy construction.
Shown below is a sectional view of a stepper motor-driven linear drive for MD40 Linear/Rotary Feedthroughs, equipped with an optional stack of receptacles for SHOM sample plates.
The motorized precision drive unit allows for easy, independent manipulation of the linear and rotary axis.
Motorization of manipulators provides reliable, safe and precise movement, positioning and handling. Implemented in our motorized sample transporters are the necessary prerequesites: a fine step resolution and a sturdy construction.
Where different users operate, automation is especially advantageous and also saves valuable working time.
Shown in the video below is a stepper motor-driven linear drive for RM and GMD sample transporters. The motorized drive allows for automatic and reproducible extension of the shaft. Rotary motion is done manually.
Pictured right is a motorized linear and double rotary drive with pincer grip for SHOM sample plates. The separate rotation of each shaft enhances operation of the pincer by being able to open/close and also rotate it.
With immediate effect, list prices accross our ranges of Single Shaft and Dual Shaft Wobblesticks, as well as Dual Shaft Linear/Rotary feedthroughs have been reduced!
For further updated prices, please see our pricelist.
Linear motion of the shaft is controlled by a precision motorized spindle that is coupled to the outer magnet. The shaft is rotated via gear wheels that transfer the motion from a second stepper motor.
Atomically resolved Graphene on Ni thin film, SiO2/Si substrate.
We are introducing a simplified single shaft sample tranpsporter with superior slide bearing technology. Slide bearings ensure a long lifetime and smooth operation even after numerous bake out cycles, as proven by years of experience with our wobblestick manipulators.
The new and simplified design leads as well to a generally lower sales price compared to the GMD40 models.
Over the past couple of months, David put a lot of effort into developing our new website which was finally lounched in March. Besides the friendlier look, the new platform gives us great flexibility in presenting information and helps us to keep it's content up to date.
Thank's David, for your effort and congratulations to the result!
The transport of samples under true UHV conditions from one instrument to another, sometimes from one institution to the other, is an increasingly important task in modern surface science. Ferrovac is constantly extending its product range in order to provide tailor made solutions. We would like to present our new models of NEG/Ion pumped UHV suitcases optimized in size, cost and performance.
EXSICA vacuum desiccator cabinets provide a truly "transparent" solution for storing delicate items under clean and dry conditions. The portable version EXSICA3P is presented here, intended to carry samples around under vacuum or in a controlled atmosphere.
scattering of polarized soft x-rays"
A versatile heating stage for SHOM sample plates. The Positive high voltage applied to the sample, attracts free electrons generated by a tungsten filament which is placed on the rear side of the plate. With this very effective way of heating, temperatures of ~2000°C can be reached within a few seconds.
Prices decreased by 10% & End of the year special offer [read].
Product presentation Sample Transporter for Wafer Handling FRKLIFT & Useful Accessories Port Aligner PA16, PA40, PA63 [read].
Subscribe to one or more of our newsletters using the form subscribe. Browse the newsletter archive.
Redesign of the fully equipped UHV-suitcase. Bakeout panels and heaters were added, chamber geometry improved, a larger pumping port provided.
Two new rotary drives, a DN16CF miniature rotary and a high precision, heay duty rotary drive are extending our product line.
In collaboration with Pierre et Marie Curie University an X-Ray Spectrometer was designed and built at Ferrovac. The System was delivered in may and will be subsequently tested during this year.
After the redesign of our classical Mott-Polarimeter the fist prototype was sucessfully installed to a test setup at the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland. Performance tests are currently running, the preliminairy results look very promising.
Ferrovac moves to an industrial site in Zurich Oerlikon: The Oerlikerhus. As the Ferrovac team of engineers and administrative staff is constantly growing, more space is required in general. Lab and assembly facilities are greatly improved.
After three years of sucessful use at the Swiss Light Source, a second, identical UHV sample preparation System for the Elmitec-PEEM was installed at BESSY GmbH in Berlin.
In cooperation with the Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, the APE-Beamline of ELETTRA and the company Attocube Systems, a 5-axis positioning system for the relative positioning and scanning of a Fresnell lens and order shield aperture with nanometer precision is developed. The system will be used for spatially resolved photoemission and related experiments at the APE-Beamline of the ELETTRA synchrotron in Trieste.
An ultra high vacuum system was designed to extend the sample preparation methods of the Photoelectron Emission Microscopes (PEEM) manufactured by Elmitec.
Ferrovac moves to its new company site: Ferrovac GmbH, Winterthurerstrasse 457, CH-8051 Zurich.
A complete set of accessories for sample manipulation has been developed.
Rotateable sample carring platforms, forks, sample holder blocks and heating stages are readyly available.
Please contact us for detailed informations.
Increasing interest for a solution to transport and store samples under uhv conditions has led to the development of the VK40 portable load-lock. Please visit our new web pages.
Ferrovac introduces new website with online product information and download of specsheets.


PMO Coordinator/PMO Support/Project Coordinator/Project Support is urgently required by our Global IT Services Company for an initial 2 months rolling contract, to be based in Edinburgh, Scotland. The primary responsibility of the PMO Coordinator will be to provide Project support and assist in the successful delivery of Projects by coordinating specific activities which could include but not be limited to , document management, planning, risk or financial management. The project is based around SharePoint, On Premise, O365, so experience working in this environment is highly desirable.
Experience of supporting projects focused around Microsoft Office products, SharePoint, (on-premise), Office 365 etc.


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Q: Adding sin(x + a) + sin(x + b) I'm trying to prove
$$\forall a,b \in \mathbb{R} \exists c,d,e\in \mathbb{R}: f(x):=\sin(x+a) + \sin(x+b) = c \sin(x+d) + e$$
I attempted using $\sin(s) = \frac{e^{is} - e^{-is}}{2i}$ and ended up with an equality similar to $e^{ix} - \alpha e^{-ix}$, where usually $\alpha \neq 1$, which indicates that this way is impossible.
I also looked at the series expansion of sine, but had no idea where to even start.
This is part of a larger problem, and likely not required in the solution, but I am curious how this can be solved.

A: Do you get access to calculus to do this?
Your function $f$ is given by $$f(x)=\sin(x+a)+\sin(x+b)$$
And you propose that it is equal to $g$ given by $$g(x)=c\sin(x+d)+e$$
First of all, the midline of $f$ is clearly(?) at $y=0$, so if this will work, $e$ must be $0$.
Now note that both functions satisfy $y''=-y$. So if they have the same value at $x=0$ and derivative at $x=0$, then they are indeed the same function. To make this happen requires
$$\begin{align}
\sin(a)+\sin(b)=c\sin(d)\\
\cos(a)+\cos(b)=c\cos(d)
\end{align}$$
Which is a system of equations from which you could eliminate $c$ to solve for $d$ in terms of $a$ and $b$. And then you could solve for $c$ too.
This results in $$\sin(x+a)+\sin(x+b)=\frac{\sin(a)+\sin(b)}{\sin\left(\arctan\left(\frac{\sin(a)+\sin(b)}{\cos(a)+\cos(b)}\right)\right)}\sin\left(x+\arctan\left(\frac{\sin(a)+\sin(b)}{\cos(a)+\cos(b)}\right)\right)$$
(And the trig(inverse trig) parts could be simplified using $\sin(\arctan(z))=\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}$.)

A: Another approach to prove this to yourself would be to choose special points like $x = \pi + a$ and $x = -b$, and so on, and solve for $c,d,e$.  After having solved for your constants, you can then go and verify your answer with as many points as you want (or, as said above, by using the addtion formulae).
I will hint that it will be easiest to use your initial equation and its first derivative.

A: Don't use complex exponentials, just expand everything using the addition formula for sine and group terms alike.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Strapless wedding dresses have become a little less common in recent seasons, with many brides opting for a more traditional look. However, as the staple of the bridal fashion industry, we at Zankyou feel it is our duty to ensure the survival of the strapless dress – and we've received quite a lot of help from our favorite designers for 2019! In this gallery we show you the most beautiful and most classical strapless wedding dresses out there for next year – and we're sure you're going to love them!
Strapless dresses are often by avoided by brides because they can be more revealing than other shapes and silhouettes. We recommend that women with well-sculpted collar bones look here before they decide on another shape, and that all of you ladies with toned arms dive right in. However, if you have a larger chest, you may want to go for a dress with sleeves to draw the eye away a little! More than anything, you should bear in mind where it is that you are getting married – if it is an outside wedding that is not taking place in June, July or August, we might opt for sleeves!
One of the best features of the strapless dress is that you can accessorise extravagantly for your big day! Help us to bring back the strapless dress, and get inspired by these beautiful gowns for 2019! You will be the envy of all of your friends – don't miss out!


Since I am now an engaged woman, I have to leave it up to readers like Michelle to do my dating for me! Michelle is a modern-day Helen Gurley Brown, except she cooks and eats and I don't hate her. But Michelle adores men, and men adore Michelle, and she's happy to see as many as them as possible–sometimes I'm surprised she can keep them all straight!
I think I literally went on 50 three minute dates. It was exhilarating.
Michelle, Kissing Her Boyfriend in Copenhagen!
Naturally, at a speed dating event with absolutely no filter I was expecting to leave my 50 dates with at least 5 horror stories. And instead I have none.
A few guys were invading my personal space too much, but it was also much louder than one would expect (a crowded bar with no music but 50 conversations going on does require raising ones voice).
For a few the three minutes seemed a bit too long.
But all of the rest of them were positive interactions with decent conversations and a lot of laughing.
I did not meet the love of my life.
My friends and I all liked the same five guys most.
But the fact that there were actually FIVE cute and personable men seems like better odds than usual.
There were a variety of backgrounds- it was in Manhattan-different professions (teacher, cops, business, pilots, engineers) a number of foreigners (Israel, India, Austin) in addition to the natives. I could see myself being friends with many of them and wish we had a little more time to talk in general.
I think the success lies in the fact that at a bar most guys are not comfortable coming up to girls unless they are so used to rejection they don't care (and they will continue to be rejected because they are weird). This actually created a comfortable environment where everyone had a fair shot. I assume all the girls acted like I did- being personable and friendly to all of the guys so they actually had a chance to show their personality. In a normal bar, a guy has to worry about a girl not being single, being surrounded by friends, or being scared. Since we're all asking to be here the approach is much easier and people can actually be the best version of themselves for three minutes at a time.
Of course, during the break I talked to a couple of guys and it wound up being a girl who bought me a drink (she was interesting- too bad I didn't get her number since she clearly knows how to have a good time!) I was kind of awestruck by the guys still not being what I consider a gentleman, but it was a fun night overall.
Next time I would definitely try one of the less dates with longer times mostly because by the end I had forgotten who everyone was and it was a big blur. But since I was expecting to be entertained by imps and was instead entertained by charming conversation it was still a win.


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Bar peeling on a grand scale
BGH machines forged bar steel with a diameter of up to 600 mm
For many years, bar peeling has been the preferred method at BGH Edelstahl Siegen for removing the oxide and roll skin as well as any surface damage from forged, cylindrical bars. With what is currently the largest peeling machine from the SMS group GmbH, even bar steel can now be efficiently peeled with a diameter of 600 mm.
BGH Edelstahl in Siegen produces stainless steel and special alloys for maximum loads. In order to guarantee the desired surface quality, dimensional accuracy and roundness of their bar steels, BGH peels the bars prior to delivery. The result is semi-finished products that are further processed by turning shops. The bars therefore act as a raw material for mechanical engineering, the oil & gas industry and the chemical industry. Heavy-duty gearboxes for wind power plants are also made from the raw material from BGH. "Our customers demand a mechanically machined bar steel without a rough forged surface," explains Jost Kretzer, Operations Manager at BGH. In order to guarantee both the desired diameter tolerance and surface roughness, the oxide and roll skin is peeled off the forged bars.
When turning is used, it takes around 8 hours to fully machine a tool steel bar with a diameter of 600 mm and a length of 8 m. This can be cut to 30 minutes using the peeling machine from the SMS Group.
16 times faster than turning
"One of the main advantages of bar peeling is the simultaneous usage of several tools, which in turn enables higher feeds than with turning. When turning is used, it takes around 8 hours to fully machine a tool steel bar with a diameter of 600 mm and a length of 8 m, whereas this can be cut to 30 minutes with bar peeling. That is a huge difference," says Kretzer. A diameter tolerance of 0.5 mm and a surface roughness of Ra=0.5 µm are standard. But things are getting even finer and more accurate: "up to a tolerance grade of IT 11," clarifies Jost Kretzer. "We then send the bar steel through automatic ultrasonic testing machines, which enables us to check the internal properties and surface for defects. This means we can guarantee our customers 100% product quality."
This investment in one of the world's largest peeling plants is BGH's response to the changing market situation. High-quality goods are now being delivered in large diameters with machined surfaces and correspondingly high testing requirements. "We would not have been able to cover the higher sales volumes with our existing machines," explains Kretzer. "We had to make a decision: either 5 to 6 new turning machines or an additional peeling machine." Since half of the production volume at BGH was processed by the existing peeling machine and there was no alternative machine in the event of a failure, the decision fell in favour of an additional peeling machine. The new machine had to have certain properties, however. It had to be possible to machine bar steel with a total weight of 25 tonnes and a diameter range of up to 600 mm. "We approached the peeling machine manufacturer with these figures, as a machine of this size previously did not exist. Over a period of 2 years, we worked with the SMS Group to design this machine according to our requirements," recalls Jost Kretzer.
The cutter head provides space for 6 cartridge systems. The tandem system is equipped with a roughing and a finishing insert and is suitable for medium rough machining. The trio system is the first choice for larger depths of cut and maximum chip volume. Up to 18 indexable inserts are used simultaneously in this system.
Advancing into new dimensions and market segments
The SMS Group developed a completely new machining concept to suit BGH's requirements, which revolutionised the production of forged bar steel. The new type PMH 600 peeling machine does away with conventional turning technology and peels bar material up to a diameter of 630 mm and a length of 18 m. Bar peeling is therefore entering the diameter range of up to 600 mm for the first time, opening up brand new market segments. BGH can now provide the raw material for mechanical engineering, the oil & gas industry, the chemical industry as well as heavy-duty gearboxes for wind power plants efficiently, quickly and in high quality.
The main challenge when it comes to producing bright steels is the fact that materials that are difficult to machine, such as stainless steels and nickel-based alloys, are often processed here. The machines in the PMH series offer higher power reserves than their predecessors or conventional turning technology. Depending on customer requirements, the new PMH series can not only work according to the conventional principle with rigid guides, but also adapts to the curvature of the bars and removes only a minimal amount of steel.
Another key consideration was for the PMH 600 to implement an optimised operating cost concept throughout the service life of the machine in conjunction with the technical peeling innovations. Maintenance and tool change costs for the PMH 600 have been reduced considerably in comparison with large-scale peeling machines of the previous generation. The use of low-wear infeed rollers, for example, has eliminated the need for these to be regularly replaced. Changing worn rollers of a feeding mechanism not only wastes several thousand euros in material costs but also takes up to half a shift of working time, during which the machine cannot be used.
The tool change for the PHM from the SMS Group is also limited to the replacement of the tool cartridges, keeping the changeover time for the peeling tools to a minimum. In the case of conventional machines, the entire carriage unit has to be replaced. The entire adjustment of the machine can also be covered by just one tool. The new procedure is therefore not only up to sixteen times faster than turning technology while removing less material and adapting to the curvature of the forged bar, but it also opens up new market segments.
The tandem cartridge system, with the new hexagonal roughing insert and a finishing insert, is designed for medium machining. This enables depths of cut of up to ap 12 mm to be achieved.
Peeling inserts for the world's largest peeling machine
The investment in such a machine was not without risks for BGH. Previously there had been neither a peeling machine of this size nor a tool that could be used to achieve the high machining values. For this reason, BGH turned to the experts from Cutting Solutions by CERATIZIT, who offer a comprehensive range of peeling indexable inserts for the most diverse range of peeling applications and have extensive expertise in this area. The special requirements of BGH and the demands that one of the world's largest peeling machines places on the tools prompted CERATIZIT to develop completely new peeling indexable inserts. Product Manager Ronald Huber has fond memories of the development process: "The existing button insert had major disadvantages in terms of its positioning. We therefore remodelled the roughing insert with a multi-edged outer geometry in order to achieve improved machining properties in addition to precise indexing in the insert seat." According to Huber, good chip breakage is decisive when it comes to process-secure peeling. Five tonnes of chips are produced every hour during the peeling process, so it is important to prevent the build-up of long swarf. "The new hexagonal roughing insert not only enables us to guarantee optimum chip formation. It can also withstand extremely high feeds of up to 24 mm/U."
Pioneering work in the field of peeling
With the new hexagonal insert from CERATIZIT, BGH is achieving excellent results with easy to machine structural and tempering steels. In future, it will also be possible to machine higher-alloy materials with the new peeling insert types. Tests are continuously being carried out on the peeling machine in order to optimise the results. "We are hugely grateful to BGH for giving us the opportunity to test our peeling inserts on the machine. This is the only way for us to continuously further develop and improve our tools," explains Andreas Schätzl, Head of Engineering at CERATIZIT. "The development of our new hexagonal roughing insert was pioneering work in collaboration with BGH and the SMS Group that enabled us to enter new territory in the field of peeling, where no-one had gone before and where no-one but us has been since," emphasises Schätzl.
The hexagonal roughing inserts defy the extremely high machining values with optimum chip formation. High process security, the best surface quality and maximum chip production are among the outstanding features of these innovative inserts.
For Jost Kretzer, the trustful partnerships with the SMS Group as machine manufacturer and Cutting Solutions by CERATIZIT as the preferred tool supplier is the key to success. "If all those involved hadn't pulled together, we wouldn't have been able to achieve the same result," concludes the BGH Operations Manager. "We also have a duty as a user and must communicate any advantages and disadvantages openly and honestly. As long as the tool supplier and machine manufacturer are prepared to listen to these concerns, the results can be continuously improved. Everyone benefits from this," says Kretzer.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Ludovico Pratesi delivering his lecture at Artinformal last Nov. 7.
Photo courtesy of the Embassy of Italy in Manila
Is the Philippines still interested in contemporary art?
PLATFORMS - Arianna Mercado (The Philippine Star) - December 3, 2018 - 12:00am
Ten thousand, five hundred and seventy-five kilometers apart, Italy and the Philippines sound like a distant match, but Ludovico Pratesi tells us otherwise.
Ludovico Pratesi is the director of the Guastalla Foundation of Contemporary Art. He is a curator and art critic based in Italy. He writes art criticism for the newspaper La Republica and his latest book, Perchè l'Italia odia l'arte contemporanea (Why Italy is Not Interested Anymore in Contemporary Art), was published in 2017.
Pratesi visited Manila earlier this month and conducted a lecture at Artinformal Makati about spaces for contemporary art in Italy. I had the chance to sit and have a chat with him about his book on Italian contemporary art and the state of institutions in Italy.
Interestingly enough, I ended up finding more similarities than differences when I spoke to Pratesi and listened in on his lecture. In his research, he discovered a decline in Italian interest towards contemporary art as shown through statistics and details on public funding. The world-renowned Venice Biennale began as a way to exhibit Italian art every two years which lasted until the 1980s and '90s. Now, Pratesi remarks that public interest has since declined and if one were to go to Venice for the Biennale today, they would notice an attendance of mostly foreigners than Italians.
There could be many reasons for why public interest towards art can decline. Pratesi does research into public museums and policies to look for answers. While Italy may be home to 10 museums on modern and contemporary art, Ludovico remarks that it's difficult for them since they are "very much influenced by politicians."
It's interesting to compare the state of art institutions both in Italy and the Philippines because I feel that we share similar problems. Perhaps it is not so much that Filipinos are uninterested in contemporary art, since this seems to be quite the opposite. However, in the public sector, there is a clear focus on other aspects of development rather than arts and culture. The National Museum of Natural History was recently opened, yet, we still do not have appropriate government venues in Manila outside of the Cultural Center of the Philippines or the NCCA Gallery to actively exhibit contemporary art on the governmental level. In the same way, qualms being voiced in this year's Visayas Islands Visual Arts Exhibition and Conference (VIVA ExCon) echo similar issues — a lack of funding and infrastructure to support art and artists in the Visayas.
In a way, when public museums falter, the private art institution flourishes. "Private [art institutions] are of course very different, luckily. We have big foundations and of course they promote, and money is not so much a problem to them," says Pratesi. Like Italy, the Philippines is host to privately owned institutions that are led by dedicated patrons. Privately owned and organized events such as Art Fair Philippines provide a venue for people to see Philippine contemporary art, and each year we see a trend of more and more visitors attending.
It may be a good thing that private organizations and institutions exist, but at the same time, it is difficult to rely on such institutions to invoke an interest in the arts. Too often, the arts comes off as something reserved only for the people that have the time and luxury to come and see it, rather than something universal to everyone. For a lasting interest in art, art has to be made relevant to the public. Art must be supported and encouraged by policymakers to be able to create widespread, publicly available opportunities for people to engage with art to foster an interest in it.
ARTINFORMAL CONTEMPORARY ART LUDOVICO PRATESI


Cultivate Cornwall are about to launch a new initiative which will help young disadvantaged people in Cornwall experience life changing travel opportunities but we need help to get it off the ground.
We are currently seeking volunteers that are willing to help us sell raffle tickets which will raise money for project. We will be happy to help you as much as possible and will provide you with information and advice on selling the tickets and your work will support a great cause.
All volunteers will be rewarded with a free ticket to our end of year volunteer party in September and the volunteer who sells the most tickets will win one of the great prizes on offer.


The Sunseeker London Group are delighted to announce the arrival of the stunning 76 Yacht. The all-new 76 Yacht will be making her world debut at the Southampton Boat Show from 15th-24th September.
With an impressive super yacht feel, this sleek new model maximises both social and entertainment spaces, making it perfect for entertaining on a short trip or longer distance cruise.
Designed strategically to maximise both light and space, the new 76 Yacht features four luxurious cabins each accompanied by their very own en-suite, making it the perfect boat to entertain guests both day and night. As with all of our Sunseeker yachts, attention to detail is key, investing heavily in premium materials and features throughout.
The full-beam Master Cabin is the pinnacle of luxury providing a spacious dressing area, large vanity unit, comfortable seating area and impressive hull windows offering extensive panoramic views. The sumptuous master en-suite exudes style and sophistication, with his and hers sinks complete with a marble and wood finish.
The sleek new window design provides extensive natural light to flood through both the lower and upper deck levels providing a very bright and airy feel in which to relax. The open plan crew cabin offers accommodation for up to three people, whilst also including a spacious kitchen, shower room and comfortable living area. Alternatively, this cabin has an option to include an enclosed double berth cabin.
The galleys refreshed new-look and cutting edge design emphasises the open and inviting social space that Sunseeker yachts are so familiar with.
The optional retractable glass skylight over the lower helm, creates an almost open boat feel, and the adjacent companion seating area to port which is the ideal spot for guests to enjoy the view whilst underway.
With a secondary helm alongside two seating areas, well-equipped cocktail bar and impressive hard top roof, the newly configured flybridge offers extensive spaces to socialise and unwind with your guests. In addition to the standard spec an optional spa-tub, crane and coachroof skylight can be included to further enhance your boating experience.
The sociable layout continues through to the extensive cockpit with additional lounge seating, where guests can relax and unwind over a refreshing afternoon drink. Spanning through to the wide bathing platform (capable of launching a Williams 445 Jet Rib), an optional barbecue, fold-away seating and overhead rain shower are available, making full use of the extensive bathing platform.


I do love Aunty Gok. He has a real understanding of what looks good on real women, not models. So I'd always cast an eye on his collection for Tu at Sainsburys.
The first collection I really didn't like – the Chinese kimono jackets with floppy sleeves weren't my style, and the bright red colour-way didn't suit me either.
I think it might have been collection 3 that really caught my eye, and to be honest, it was because it was being heavily discounted. The blue green colours were much more appealing to me, and the first item I bought was the flare-hem dress (down to £20). I wore it on Fathers Day, with a lime green short sleeved jacket (M&S) and green shoes (Camper, bought in Malaga a few years ago). It attracted lots of compliments.
I wore it again at a formal dinner, with my ecru Office shoes, and a black cardi with diamanté buttons. Again, it got lots of compliments.
I absolutely LOVE this dress – it is wonderfully easy to wea, my favourite features are the packets in the side seams and the funky chunky back zip. It is easy to dress up or down, it's very versatile. Washes like a ribbon, dries quickly and doesn't need ironed. It has rapidly become one of my favourite items in my wardrobe.
the black one with skinny jeans on a trip to London, and took the blue one on a cruise, where it was hard to find something that looked good underneath – bulky shorts were so so wrong. I like lounging about the house in these tops with Capri length leggings. Washing is simple, they dry quickly, but they do really need ironing, and they crease easily.
I think the swing tops work best with closely fitting bottom half – legings or skinny jeans. This combination, with loose black linen trousers, and cropped cardi, was just OK.
Buoyed by the positive comments the dress received, I did something I don't often do – I bought clothes FULL PRICE from the new collection. And took them for a test run.
First up was the shell top with pleat front. I bought this in the baby-pink colourway, with dove grey pleated front panel. I love the subtle and sophisticated colour palette of this collection – much easier to integrate with an existing wardrobe. The top is a good length, covering the tummy at the front, and wont reveal a muffin-top when you raise your arms, but I felt it kind of short at the back, as it reached half way down my bottom. The material is polyester, which I usually avoid, and it's quite sheer, so you need to have a good neutral bra underneath, and I was quite conscious of my back tattoo being visible. The loops for hanging it up are well placed under the armpits, and don't poke out the way they do on may garments. I wore it with loose grey trousers, and felt the co-ordinating front panel helped to elongate my silhouette. The style is quite sophisticated – I think it would work well for an interview, dinner date, theatre visit. However, my husband felt that the billowing effect of the pleat panels made me look pregnant.
I bought this in the grey colour. It comes with a camisole that is quite tight fitting, and being attached to the sheer outer layer it is tricky to get on and off. The colour is just amazing – a deep smoky grey, almost dark aubergine. The fine denier of the top layer is really silky and smooth. It sits neatly, shows off the waist, and looks very classy. I wore it with my grey Mallorca pearls, and it gathered a few compliments.
Fitted cardigan: I love ¾ length sleeves, as I'm quite petite. I bought the oatmeal colourway with black bow pattern and hem. This will be great with black trousers and a black or cream camisole underneath. It will also look smart over a sleeveless black dress. The little bow-shaped top button is cute, but tricky to fasten in a hurry – an important detail for we women of a certain age. I don't often do patterns – I still think this has a hint of pyjama about it, and the bow pattern is so recognisable people will know it's from Sainsburys.
And I've just realised that Mini, my cocker spaniel, has managed to sneak into most of those photos – the little diva…..


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News and views from across Mayo Clinic
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Volunteer Gig Becomes Labor of Love for Former Teacher
By In the Loop
Pete Ingvarsson's role in Mayo's Caring Hands program is more than just giving hand massages to patients and visitors. It's also being a listening ear during some of their darkest moments.
Pete Ingvarsson sat beside the woman as she absorbed the heartbreaking news. There was nothing more doctors could do for her child, who had been airlifted to Mayo Eugenio Litta Children's Hospital after an accident. "The family was in shock," Ingvarsson, a volunteer with Mayo Clinic's Caring Hands program, tells us. Just a few minutes earlier, the mother had said yes to his offer of a hand massage. Now as she listened to a doctor explain an unimaginable future, the warmth drained from her hands. As Ingvarsson continued the gentle massage, the woman closed her eyes. "She was trying so hard to be strong, and she was finally able to rest," he says.
It's moments like that, though difficult, that Ingvarsson finds most rewarding about his work with the program, which provides hand massages to patients and visitors. "It's a small way to remove some of the stress people are feeling," he says. "I was glad I could be there for her in that moment."
There have been many moments like that since Ingvarsson began volunteering following his retirement, when he and his wife relocated to Rochester to be closer to their daughter, a nurse at Mayo Clinic. Each Thursday, Ingvarsson visits patient rooms and waiting areas throughout the medical center, offering hand massages that provide a comfort that words often cannot. On Wednesdays, the former teacher volunteers in Pediatrics, and tells us he's grateful for the opportunity to stay connected to kids by building relationships with some of Mayo's youngest patients.
"As a teacher, you always think back on kids whose lives you've impacted," he says. Now his impact extends to parents as well. Like another mother keeping vigil beside her child's bedside.
"She was at the hospital alone because her husband had to stay back home to work," Ingvarsson tells us. He'd just begun giving the woman a hand massage when the child experienced a grand mal seizure. Ingvarsson left the room while a medical team tended to the patient, but he stopped back later to see if the child's mother wanted him to continue the massage. She did, and "after about 10 minutes, the words just poured out of her," Ingvarsson says. Sometimes what patients and families need most, he's discovered, is someone to listen — a gift he's grateful to provide.
In addition to patients, Ingvarsson also listens to the health care providers he encounters during his volunteer shifts. Ingvarsson tells us he's been struck again and again by the "sense of empathy" he hears from the doctors, nurses, therapists and other caregivers who show an unwavering devotion to their patients. "Just to be a part of that, to feel a part of that healing mission, has been very meaningful to me," he says.
If you'd like to lend a hand (or ear), you can learn about volunteer opportunities at Mayo Clinic here. Then we'd be grateful if you left a comment below before using the handy social media tools atop this page to share this story with others.
Learn more about Mayo Clinic's Volunteer Services.
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Tags: Caring Hands, Employee Stories, grand mal seizure, Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Mayo Clinic Volunteer Services, Mayo Eugenio Litta Children's Hospital
kmartella207
@kmartella207
Posts: 1 Joined: Sep 14, 2018
Posted by kmartella207 @kmartella207, Sep 14, 2018
Pete Ingvarsson has touched many lives in so many positive ways…….he was my english teacher in the 6th grade. English is still my best subject. lol. I have family that lives in Forest Lake and White Bear Lake. I believe pretty close to where your at now. My aunt was one of the first liver transplant recipients for Mayo back in the late 60's. She remained in the area. Will look him up next time I go to visit. He is missed here in Grayling……walking the streets! Our loss is your gain. Take care and God bless you, Pete.
Karen (Schlehuber) Martella


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Wild Animals Banned from British Circuses
By One Green Planet
British Ministers just announced they will introduce a bill to Parliament this summer banning circuses from keeping wild animals. The bill is expected to take effect within two years.
Animal rights advocates have expressed disappointment over the sluggish implementation timeframe, despite nearly unanimous public and parliamentary support. However, the British government feels it must act with prudence to mitigate the risk of lawsuits from circus owners and workers.
In the interim, the Circus Licensing Scheme will be put into effect. All traveling circuses currently using wild animals will be required to hold a valid license, meet specific welfare standards, and have a retirement plan for each animal (for after the ban takes effect). Welfare standards refer to accommodations, veterinary care, diet and treatment during training and performances. A government-appointed inspector will ensure that these requirements are met.
Although it is disappointing that the ban will not be implemented more quickly, the licensing scheme and promise of a longer-term ban represent important progress for animal rights.
Image Credit: William Warby/Flickr


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January 17, 2022 January 17, 2022 Stephen K.
REVIEW: Terminus – All Roads Lead Here (2022)
A Wrestling Pay-Per-view by Terminus, presented by Fite.TV
For me, one of the more exciting projects to come out of the ROH hiatus is Terminus, a new promotion headed up by AEW's Baron Black and current ROH interim (classic belt) Champion Jonathan Gresham. Going into this, I wholly assumed that the company would be build on the rules found in the ROH "Pure Championship", with a bigger focus on matches that are more "sports-like". I don't necessarily mean worked MMA matches, because those are usually bad, but a wrestling style that has been tearing up the US Indy scene for a while. This "back to basics" approach will excite modern wrestling fans, and older fans alike.
With this emphasis on strict rules, it will be interesting to see some different finishes we may not be used to. Hopefully they have situations where matches go into OT, people get disqualified, or manage to have a well-placed purposeful technical foul to get heat. I'm excited to see what happens, and hope they book this to their advantage.
Lee Moriarty def. Josh Woods
Terminal Eliminator 4-Way: Daniel Garcia def. JDX, Adam Priest, and Invictus Khash
Mike Bennett def. Moose via disqualification
Diamante def. Janai Kai
IMPACT Digital Media Championship: Jordynne Grace def. Kiera Hogan
ROH World Championship: Bandido def. Baron Black
Joe Keys & Dante Caballero def. Tracy Williams & Fred Yehi
ROH World Championship (Original): Jonathan Gresham and Josh Alexander resulted in a draw via double-pin
Pre-Show Sound Issues:
Oooof, this was tough – technical issues are bound to happen, but I'm amazed nobody stepped in to stop Suge D from using his microphone – It was hard watching the pre-show due to sound cutting in and out for around minutes. Luckily this only killed the preshow, but considering I have not seen some of the talent on this roster, I was sad to miss their promos. I did find that watching on my laptop with headphones actually led me to hear the quiet parts, just at the risk of blowing my eardrums out when it went back to "normal". It was also interesting to see that the show got delayed for a while, I guess there was terrible weather that caused some talent swaps on the card, so I wonder if that was the reason?
First Match:
No matter how it is, the first match for any promotion is always memorable. Luckily we got something great with a match between ROH Pure Champion, Josh Woods, and Lee Moriarty. Not a particularly long match, this match was a good introduction to the style, with commentary using most of the time going over the new rules.
Janai Kai is Interesting:
In a night of firsts, this was the first time I have ever seen Janai Kai in a fairly competitive match. She did pop up briefly in an episode of AEW Rampage, but it was an enhancement "squash match" for the most part. Using her background in some sort of kickboxing, she definitely earned her name "The Kick Demon" in this match. She is now on my radar, and it will be interesting to see where she pops up next!
Always a Highlight:
I usually gush on these reviews about how much I enjoy seeing Jonathan Gresham, jokes on you guys I will purposely not focus on him this time! Instead I will be pointing out how awesome his girlfriend Jordynne Grace is! When she initially signed with Impact Wrestling rather than AEW after her awesome appearance at All In, which was basically a proto-AEW show, I was disappointed. AEW needed women, and she was so good. That said, she has been amazing over at Impact, winning belts left and right and even taking on dudes twice her size. She and Keira Hogan put on a hell of a match here, even though I'm still not too sure what exactly the Impact Wrestling Digital Media Championship signifies (TV title analog I'd imagine?).
Tony Khan: Baron Black is Way Too Good to Be 0 and 1 Million in AEW:
AEW made a big storyline, in 2020, out of the fact that both Peter Avalon and Brandon Cutler feuded after realizing they were both at somewhere around 0 and 16, Cutler won and went on to get a big winning streak before an injury and becoming a "young boy" for The Elite. This entire time, Baron Black has been on AEW Dark and AEW Dark Elevation eating losses left and right. He's got to be well over 50 in the red. His match with Bandido here shows he can go the extra mile and be higher on the card, here's hoping this show being a success jumpstarts that a bit! I'd love to see him start a bit of a streak, somewhat like "Captain" Shawn Dean. The 2020 "extras" should be the "new blood" starting to get mini-pushes now, make it happen!
The Walking Weapon Does it Again:
Match of The Night!
I feel like Josh Alexander is one of THE guys to watch in 2022. With his Impact Wrestling contract set to expire in about a month, and his former World Champion status with a win over Christian Cage on his resume, I can imagine most companies will be tripping over themselves to talk to him. Once again, he pulls of a spectacular match here against Jonathan Gresham, who is without a doubt one of the best technical wrestlers working today. I didn't expect him to win the Interim ROH Championship, but the match was solid and I can't wait to see the sequel. With a double pin making that future match inevitable, I'm ready!
But…….not until AEW's Santana has his say!
While no HUGE, expensively produced show, Terminus – All Roads Lead Here shows a lot of promise for it's smaller size. It reminds me a lot of GCW, in the way that it already seems to have a core group of passionate fans that will hopefully get more and more shows produced. With partnerships from major promotions, and cross-promotion from the upcoming return of ROH, I assume Terminus 2 will be even better. The only downsides for the entire show were a couple of minor hiccups on the technical side and the fact that bad weather caused the show to not be as packed as it should have been. Georgia isn't known to handle things like snowstorms very well, so I'm sure Atlanta was ground to a halt.
Match quality here was great, and the rules are interesting, if not somewhat refreshing. Some will not like the "THIS IS A SPORT" production style, but for others that tire of variety shows and other nonsense dominating wrestling shows, it's a much wanted alternative. In the last year, so many great things have happened in the world of professional wrestling, even when things looked bleak. When ROH announced layoffs, many feared the worst, but between this and other projects like Free The Narrative, I hope we are on the cusp of another "Golden Age".
Baron Black
Jonathan Gresham
Pure Rules
Previous REVIEW: Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings (2021)
Next REVIEW: Wallace & Gromit's Grand Adventures – Episode 2 The Last Resort
REVIEW: Terminus 2 (2022) – Arcadia Pod says:
[…] and a VERY diverse roster, Terminus is a company to keep your eyes on in 2022. At the end of the first show, Santana from AEW's Proud and Powerful came out and seemingly challenged for the ROH […]
[…] Terminus 1 […]


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Search Results for: the-cambridge-companion-to-literature-and-the-environment
The Cambridge Companion to Literature and the Environment
Author: Louise Westling
Category: Literary Criticism
This authoritative collection of rigorous but accessible essays investigates the exciting new interdisciplinary field of environmental literary criticism.
2013-12-23 by Louise Westling
The Cambridge Introduction to Literature and the Environment
Author: Timothy Clark
The degrading environment of the planet is something that touches everyone. This 2011 book offers an introductory overview of literary and cultural criticism that concerns environmental crisis in some form. Both as a way of reading texts and as a theoretical approach to culture more generally, 'ecocriticism' is a varied and fast-changing set of practices which challenges inherited thinking and practice in the reading of literature and culture. This introduction defines what ecocriticism is, its methods, arguments and concepts, and will enable students to look at texts in a wholly new way. Boxed sections explain key critical terms and contemporary debates in the field with 'hands-on' examples and comparisons. Timothy Clark's thoughtful approach makes this an ideal first encounter with environmental readings of literature.
2011-01-06 by Timothy Clark
A Global History of Literature and the Environment
Author: John Parham,Louise Westling
In A Global History of Literature and the Environment, an international group of scholars illustrate the immense riches of environmental writing from the earliest literary periods down to the present. It addresses ancient writings about human/animal/plant relations from India, classical Greece, Chinese and Japanese literature, the Maya Popol Vuh, Islamic texts, medieval European works, eighteenth-century and Romantic ecologies, colonial/postcolonial environmental interrelations, responses to industrialization, and the emerging literatures of the world in the present Anthropocene moment. Essays range from Trinidad to New Zealand, Estonia to Brazil. Discussion of these texts indicates a variety of ways environmental criticism can fruitfully engage literary works and cultures from every continent and every historical period. This is a uniquely varied and rich international history of environmental writing from ancient Mesopotamian and Asian works to the present. It provides a compelling account of a topic that is crucial to twenty-first-century global literary studies.
2016-12-01 by John Parham,Louise Westling
The Cambridge Companion to Canadian Literature
Author: Eva-Marie Kröller
This fully revised second edition of The Cambridge Companion to Canadian Literature offers a comprehensive introduction to major writers, genres and topics. For this edition several chapters have been completely rewritten to reflect major developments in Canadian literature since 2004. Surveys of fiction, drama and poetry are complemented by chapters on Aboriginal writing, autobiography, literary criticism, writing by women and the emergence of urban writing. Areas of research that have expanded since the first edition include environmental concerns and questions of sexuality which are freshly explored across several different chapters. A substantial chapter on francophone writing is included. Authors such as Margaret Atwood, noted for her experiments in multiple literary genres, are given full consideration, as is the work of authors who have achieved major recognition, such as Alice Munro, recipient of the Nobel Prize for literature.
2017-06-08 by Eva-Marie Kröller
The Cambridge Companion to British Fiction, 1945-2010
Author: David James
The Cambridge Companion to British Fiction since 1945 provides insight into the critical traditions shaping the literary landscape of modern Britain.
2015-10-31 by David James
The Cambridge Companion to the Literature of Los Angeles
Author: Kevin R. McNamara
Los Angeles has a tantalizing hold on the American imagination. Its self-magnifying myths encompass Hollywood glamour, Arcadian landscapes, and endless summer, but also the apocalyptic undertow of riots, environmental depredation, and natural disaster. This Companion traces the evolution of Los Angeles as the most public staging of the American Dream - and American nightmares. The expert contributors make exciting, innovative connections among the authors and texts inspired by the city, covering the early Spanish settlers, African American writers, the British and German expatriates of the 1930s and 1940s, Latino, and Asian LA literature. The genres discussed include crime novels, science fiction, Hollywood novels, literary responses to urban rebellion, the poetry scene, nature writing, and the most influential non-fiction accounts of the region. Diverse, vibrant, and challenging as the city itself, this Companion is the definitive guide to LA in literature.
2010-05-06 by Kevin R. McNamara
The Cambridge Companion to American Science Fiction
Author: Gerry Canavan,Eric Carl Link
This Companion explores the relationship between the ideas and themes of American science fiction and their roots in the American cultural experience.
2015-01-26 by Gerry Canavan,Eric Carl Link
The Cambridge Companion to Don DeLillo
Author: John N. Duvall
With the publication of his seminal novel White Noise, Don DeLillo was elevated into the pantheon of great American writers. His novels are admired and studied for their narrative technique, political themes, and their prophetic commentary on the cultural crises affecting contemporary America. In an age dominated by the image, DeLillo's fiction encourages the reader to think historically about such matters as the Cold War, the assassination of President Kennedy, threats to the environment, and terrorism. This Companion charts the shape of DeLillo's career, his relation to twentieth-century aesthetics, and his major themes. It also provides in-depth assessments of his best-known novels, White Noise, Libra, and Underworld, which have become required reading not only for students of American literature, but for all interested in the history and the future of American culture.
2008-05-29 by John N. Duvall
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