text:
Light iron-age reading
Gabbin' with God
Old / New Testament
Evidence for the Exodus
G'Tach
The gospels are books/collections of writings/scribblings on looseleaf that "document" the birth, life, crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus of Nazareth. Most Christians only know of the four canonical gospels: those ascribed to Matthew, to Mark, to Luke, and to John. Of these 4, the first 3 are known as the synoptic gospels — they say basically the same thing with different territorial twists thrown in — while John and the myriad Apocryphal gospels can read quite differently.
Many Christians regard the four canonical gospels as a particularly important grouping among the books of New Testament section of the Christian Bible.[1]
The Modern English word "gospel" comes from the Olde Englishe gōd-spell (gōd [GOOD] + spell [MESSAGE])[2] - a literal translation[3] of the Greek word εὐαγγέλιον or euangelion (eu [GOOD] + angelion [MESSAGE]). Latin-speakers transmogrified the Greek word euangelion into the Latinised evangelion, from which we get the words "evangelical" and "evangelism"; the alleged authors of the canonical gospels have therefore become known in Christian folklore and in Christian theology as "the four evangelists".
1 Canonical gospels
1.1 Synoptic gospels
1.2 Possible audiences for the gospels
2 Non-canonical gospels
3 In Islam
4 Gospels as history
4.1 Conflicts with known history
4.2 Matthew vs Luke problem
4.3 Picking other timelines from the Gospels
Canonical gospels[edit]
There is no agreement on what is the earliest canonical gospel or how they came into being though there are four main schools of thought
Marcan priority (Mark first) has four main sub-theories with Two‑source Marcan priority being the most popular
Matthaean priority (Matthew first) has two main sub-theories
Lucan priority (Luke first) has a version that suggest that Marcion's Evangelikon (c. 145 CE) was the first written Gospel and the versions we have are derived from it.
No Gospel has Multi‑source, Proto‑gospel, and Independence theories.
All of the canonical gospels were originally written in Greek, even though Jesus spoke Aramaic. Moreover, other than what are claimed to be paraphrasing, no meaningful quoting of our canonical gospels occurred until Irenaeus' Against Heresies c. 180 CE, and our first fully intact copy with a definitive (i.e. not dated palaeographically) date is the Codex Sinaiticus at 330-360 CE.
Since Paleographic dating as it currently exists is unable "to construct a 95% confidence interval for NT manuscripts without allowing a century for an assigned date" [4] none of the fragments of the canonical Gospels nor non canonal works like Egerton Papyrus 2 can be said definitively predate Against Heresies c. 180 CE. So the best that can be said is that the canonal Gospels existed in some form no later then 145 CE. Anything before that date is pure speculation.
The intertextuality of the Gospel of Mark—and its embellished variants Matthew, Luke, John—with Old Testament scripture has been recognized by scholars such as Thomas L. Brodie , who writes, "Since around 1970 an alternative explanation of the New Testament and related texts has been emerging. Researchers are recognizing precise ways in which New Testament texts are explained as depending not on oral tradition but on older literature, especially older scripture."[5][6][7][8] Neil Godfrey writes,[9]
Following Thomas L. Thompson's overview of the way the Jewish Scriptures were written I tend to see the Gospel of Mark as yet one more story in the same tradition as other (OT) biblical narratives.
The same story of being lost, then called, then obeying, then falling away, then punishment, then restoration is told over and over. Each story warns the "new Israel" not to fall into the errors of the "old Israel".
The Gospel of Mark (and its [embellished] variants, Matthew, John, Luke) continue that same tradition of literature and theology. . . . The same story of the displacement of the natural order or privileged generation in favour of the younger and chosen is repeated in the Exodus (the old generation must die and the new enter the land of promise), in the stories of the prophets and their promises for a new generation, in the selection of the younger/initially disposessed over the older, right through to the New Testament.
The motifs for new beginnings are also repeated — the splitting of the waters at the initial creation is repeated again with the renewal after the Flood, and then again in the Exodus and Red Sea crossing, and then the crossing of Jordan as those waters also divided, then with Elijah and Elisha at the Jordan, then again at the baptism of Jesus.
The stories are retold, recycled, in their different mutations, and they are re-written for new generations who may have come through some crisis or are desirous of a new start as a "new" people of God who are now learning the lessons of the old generation, both in their real experience and in the stories themselves.
Synoptic gospels[edit]
Of the four canonical gospels, Matthew, Mark, and Luke share similar stories, similar descriptions of events, and even exact phrases from time to time. John remains the odd man out, sharing little material at all with the other three.
When the three synoptic gospels are set side by side, academics are able to work out theories on the relationship between the three texts. The most generally accepted relationship is that Mark is the earliest text written, and that both Matthew and Luke had a copy of it when writing. Then there is material that is unique to Mark and Matthew, and Mark and Luke; and material that is unique to Luke and Matthew is sometimes called the Q document.
Possible audiences for the gospels[edit]
According to academic research,[10] each of the four canonical gospels as well as extra-biblical gospels (e.g. Gospel of Thomas, Gospel of Peter, and Gospel of Mary) were written for different churches and at slightly different times.
The Gospel of Mark, generally assumed to be the earliest of the canonical gospels (c 70 CE),[11] remains a Jewish-focused text, with a largely human Jesus, though several puzzling mistakes in relation to Mark's depiction of Jewish customs and teachings may suggest either a very Hellenized Jewish origin or an author who wasn't a Jew himself.
The Gospel of Matthew (70-100 CE),[12] generally considered a Jewish apologetic, stressing Jewish law, correcting Mark's aforesaid errors and drawing direct parallels between Jesus and the OT prophets.
The Gospel of Luke (80-130 CE)[13] was traditionally attributed to Luke the Physician who was claimed to be a companion of Paul and the gospel was written, along with Acts, for Peter and Paul's church — the church which was to become the dominant player in early Christendom. Considerably less focused on the Jewishness of Jesus than Matthew.
The Gospel of John (c 100 CE) is considered by most scholars to to have Gnostic elements.[14] It should not be confused with the similarly named gnostic Secret Book of John.
It should be noted that there are no manuscripts going back to these dates nor any reference to actual content of a Gospel until the 130s so there is no proof of the Gospels existing before 130 CE.[15]
Non-canonical gospels[edit]
There are well over 20 gospels of Jesus Christ. However, the Catholic Church found it necessary to leave certain ones out. The gospel of Mary Magdalene, possibly the most famous Apocrypha for example, depicts her being second to Jesus rather than Peter. It also insinuates that Mary and Jesus were lovers, and forms the basis of alternative interpretations and conspiracies such as in Holy Blood, Holy Grail. In the Gospel of Thomas, Jesus asserts that the idea of hell is not for an eternity, rather a time that meets the severity of the punishment. A gospel according to Judas (dating to around the 3rd/4th Century AD) was discovered in the 1970s but has only really been studied since the late 90s. This alters the narrative slightly to portray Judas' actions towards the end of Jesus' story not as a betrayal, but as following the instructions of Jesus himself. Considering that it is canonical Christian belief that it was God's plan to have Jesus brutally murdered, this does make some sick and twisted sense.
Some of these non-canonical gospels have been reconstructed in Robert M. Price's The Pre-Nicene New Testament: Fifty-four Formative Texts, Bart Ehrman's Lost Scriptures, and Robert J. Miller's The Complete Gospels.
In Islam[edit]
Muslims believe that Jesus (Isa) was a prophet who received a revelation from God, which they call Injil. The dominant view is that the message God gave to Jesus has been lost or distorted through time and the New Testament contains at best only fragments; the original text would have been a revelation to Jesus rather than simply an account of his life, and presumably would have omitted details like Jesus being the son of God which Muslims don't accept. A minority view in Islam is that the message revealed by God to Jesus was indeed that in the New Testament gospels or non-canonical gospels such as the Gospel of Thomas or Gospel of Barnabas.[16] Some people (mainly Christians) claim that the Quran nowhere says that the Christians had a corrupt or incorrect gospel, and therefore we can infer that the New Testament is indeed the word of God.[17] But this seems to put too much faith in both the infallibility and the comprehensiveness of the Quran.
Gospels as history[edit]
""The generally unreliable, untrustworthy, and fiction-filled Gospels can occasionally be considered excellent sources of objective and accurate historical information because of their foundational written sources, which do not exist, which contained many fictions if they did, and which cannot now be scrutinised for authorship, age, genre, intent, and so forth. These hypothetical written sources are themselves based on oral traditions, that also cannot be scrutinised, that changed over time, and that may well have been made up whole cloth. Therefore we have conclusive proof that Jesus definitely existed.
—Raphael Lataster describing Bart Ehrman's approach to the Gospels.[18]
As with most religious texts, scholars assume some basic level of reliability on topics like "Who were the players?", "What were the major events?" and "What was the attitude of the community the texts intend to represent?"[19] However there are major issues of reliability per standard historical methodologies. Richard Carrier writes,[20]
[W]e discount the Gospels as at all reliable on standard historical methodologies that would produce the same result in every other field:
They're late, post-dating any evident witness known to still be alive;
and written in a foreign land and language;
by unknown authors of unknown credentials;
who cite no sources, and give no indication they had any sources;
and never critically engage with their material but only credulously (e.g. they never discuss conflicting accounts or reasons to believe their information, unlike rational historians of the era);
and about whose texts we have no reactions, critical or otherwise—whatever people were saying about these Gospels when they came out, we never get to hear, not for many more decades, by which time we see those reacting have no other information to judge them by;
all the earliest of which texts just copy their predecessors verbatim and change and add a few things;
and which contain in every pericope patent implausibilities or wholly unbelievable stories (from a random guy splitting the heavens and battling the devil and wandering out of the desert and converting disciples to instantly abandon their livelihoods after but a few sentences, to mystically murdering thousands of pigs, miraculously feeding thousands of itinerants, curing the blind, calming storms, and walking on water; from having a guy arguing against Pharisees with arguments that actually were the arguments of the Pharisees, to depicting a trial and execution that violates every law and custom of the time; and beyond);
which stories have obvious and rather convenient pedagogical uses in later missionary work;
and often emulate and "change up" the prior myths of other historically dubious heroes, like Moses and Elijah;
and often contain details that can only have been written a lifetime later (like the Sermon on the Mount, which was composed in Greek after the Jewish War; or prophecies of Jerusalem's destruction, likewise; or Mark's emulation of the passion of Jesus ben Ananias or Luke's confused cooption of The Antiquities of Josephus; and so on).
and for none which do we have any prior corroboration.
There is no field of history—absolutely none—where such sources as these would be trusted as history at all.
The first reference to the Gospels in a manner we can cross check didn't appear until c180 CE, nearly 150 years after the supposed events and some 50 to 110 years after the Gospels are thought to have been written down. And these are the Gospels that were formally canonized by the First Council of Nicea in 325 CE out of the literally dozens of other Gospels around.
For these reasons, as a primary historical record, the Christian gospels are dubious at best. For one, the gospels themselves are admittedly propagandist: "And many other signs truly did Jesus in the presence of the disciples, which are not written in this book: but these are written that ye might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God; and that believing ye might have through his name." (John 20:30-31) The writers peppered the gospels with Old Testament references — most details of Jesus' life are Old Testament references.[21]
Richard Carrier wrote on the supposed resurrection:
Can you imagine a movement today claiming that a soldier in World War Two rose physically from the dead, but when you asked for proof all they offered you were a mere handful of anonymous religious tracts written in the 1980's? Would it be even remotely reasonable to believe such a thing on so feeble a proof? Well — no.[22]
Conflicts with known history[edit]
A major problem with the Gospels and Acts as history is that when they are compared with known historical events or people, they fail spectacularly.
Richard Carrier wrote about some of these issues:
If you want a more historically plausible account of how the Jewish elite would have actually handled the Jesus problem, look at how we're told they planned to handle the Paul problem (Acts 23:12-21). More likely, they would have killed him immediately upon his vandalism of the temple square, which was guarded by six hundred armed soldiers (with thousands more to summon just a javelin's throw away in Fort Antonia, which housed a whole Roman legion, adjacent to the Temple: Josephus, Jewish War 2.12.1, 4.5.1, 5.238-248; Jewish Antiquities 20.8.6, 20.8.11), who were not afraid to beat down any rebellious public who got in their way (most especially trouble-makers in the Temple). Certainly in the temple they could have arrested him easily, with ample armed support (note that Gentiles were permitted in the Temple area that Jesus vandalized, so Roman legions could police it, as well as the Jewish guards authorized to kill any Gentiles who entered the forbidden areas).
Thus, as Acts would have it, Claudius Lysias had no difficulty dispatching hundreds of soldiers and cavalry from within Jerusalem to escort Paul outside the city (Acts 23:22-24), and Paul was able to be arrested even in the middle of a riot. As Josephus relates in Antiquities 20.1, the Romans regularly killed political undesirables surrounded by hundreds of fanatical supporters, without wasting time on an arrest or trial. And even Mark seems to imagine the Jews could assemble a large armed force, and indeed arrest Jesus with one (Mark 14:43, Matthew 26:47; according to John 18:3, they even came with six hundred Roman legionairies, a full cohort).[23]
Some other issues that come up are:
Herod's Slaughter of the Innocents (Matthew 2:16-18) is not recorded in any other history (or Gospel) — not even by Josephus, who really didn't like Herod and meticulously catalogued his other misdeeds.
Luke 2:1-4 claims Jesus was born in the year of a universal tax census, but the first such census did not occur until 74 CE — and it is not in the other gospels. [24]
Luke 2:2 KJV specifically states "And this taxing was first made when Cyrenius was governor of Syria." Cyrenius is the Greek name for Publius Sulpicius Quirinius, who came to this position in 6 CE.
Luke 3:1 KJV references a "Lysanias the tetrarch of Abilene" but the only Lysanias ruling Abilene that can clearly be identified in secular sources was killed by Mark Antony in 36 BCE.
Luke 3:2 KJV talks about "Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests" but there is a major problem with that: according to Josephus, Annas and Caiaphas were never high priests together. Annas was high priest c 6 CE - c 15 CE while Caiaphas was high priest c 18 - c 36 CE with a priest called Eleazar the son of Ananus between them.
The throwing out of the moneychangers in the Court of the Gentiles area (10 acres or over 7.5 American football fields) would have prompted a response as there were guards, both Jewish and Roman, there to prevent just such an action.
Jesus preaches in the open so there is no need for Judas' betrayal. A real Roman official would have sent a modest group of soldiers and got the guy as what happened with John the Baptist. In fact, based on what Josephus writes, even this would have been subtle by Pilate's standards which can be summed up as being on par with the Silver Age Incredible Hulk i.e. 'puny people annoy Pilate, Pilate smash'.
The Sanhedrin trial account is totally at odds with the records on how that court actually operated in the 1st century.[25][26] In fact, a little quirk of the Sanhedrin court was that a unanimous verdict for conviction resulted in acquittal.[27]
Pontius Pilate is totally out of character based on other accounts. Josephus relates two accounts where Pilate's solution to mobs causing a disturbance was brutally simple—have Roman soldiers go out and kill them until they dispersed. Moreover, it is never really explained in the Bible why, if Jesus' only crime was blasphemy, Pilate would need to be involved. If Jesus' crime has been sedition, then there would be no reason for Pilate to involve Herod Antipas — or for the Sanhedrin to be involved for that matter.
The crucified were left to rot as a warning to others unless there was intervention on the behalf of an important person per The Life of Flavius Josephus (75)
Given Jesus' short time on the cross and reports of him being out and about afterwards, certainly the Romans might have wondered if they had been tricked. Never mind that theft of a body was a capital crime. Yet there is nothing in the reports about the Romans acting on either possibility. Carrier describes how the Romans would have handled the situation and it is totally at odds with the account in Acts. [28]
Jesus is depicted as hugely popular in the gospels, yet he is unrecorded by non-Biblical historians.
Even some of the surrounding events are at odds with history from other sources to where a form of time shifting and condensing seems to have occurred.[29]
Acts has Theudas' death before Judas the Galilean which would put his death before 6 CE; Josephus clearly puts Theudas' death during the time of Fadus or 44 to 46 CE
The Gospels talk of robbers but Josephus only talks of them for two time periods: 63 BCE to 6 CE and 48-70 CE.
Mark 15:7 KJV states "And there was one named Barabbas, which lay bound with them that had made insurrection with him, who had committed murder in the insurrection." But Josephus gives no account of an actual insurrection in the time of Pilate. Instead we are told of two non-violent protests and Pilate's reaction to the Samaritan prophet of 36 CE. In fact, in what little of Tacitus that covers this time period that was preserved we are told "Under Tiberius all was quiet."
Outside of the questionable Testimonium Flavianum Josephus makes no note of crucifixions of Jews between 4 BCE. and 46 CE
The Gospels indicate friction between the Jews and Samaritans in the time of Pilate; Josephus records no such friction until well after Pilate, finally resulting in the Galilean-Samaritan War (48-52 CE).
Acts 6:5–8:2 tells of an attack against a man called Stephanos, a very uncommon name in the area. This is identified as Saint Stephen who was killed 34 CE. The only Stephanos Josephus mentions in his entire work is c. 48 CE and that Stephanos was simply robbed.[30]
Josephus does record co-reigning high priests but these are Jonathan, son of Annas, and Ananias, son of Nebedaios at 48-52 CE.
Matthew vs Luke problem[edit]
A major issue with using the Gospels is that in terms of time Matthew and Luke do not agree as to when Jesus was born. Matthew specifically puts it 6 to 4 BCE while Luke, with his reference to Quirinius establishes it as being no earlier then 6 CE.
Apologists try to handwave this conflict away with various claims that are not supported by history. Here is the historical reality of the period 6 BC to 6 CE:
Publius Sulpicius Quirinius was fighting some two provinces to the east a minimum of 6-3 BCE with him being Duumvir of the area 6-1 BCE.[31] and some say the war goes back as far as to 12 BCE.
Publius Quinctilius Varus oversaw the area covered by Herod the Great's kingdom from c. 8 BCE to 4 BCE as documented by Josephus and Sentius Saturninus preceded him 10 BCE - c. 8 BCE.
In Antiquities 17:27 Josephus expressly stated "the Judaean kingdom was immune from Roman taxation for as long as Herod lived ... this immunity seems to have remained in force even after Herod's death during the rule of his son Archelaus (4BC - AD6)" [32] Therefore, Luke's taxation census must have occurred after Herod's death, while Matthew requires it to have happened before.
While Herod Archelaus' removal as Ethnarch of Judea (where Bethlehem of Judea is) made it subject to Roman taxation, Herod Antipas remained Tetrarch of Galilee (where Nazareth is) clear until 41 CE, making its subjects exempt from the Judean census, so the reason given by Luke for the trip makes no sense.
Because ΙΟΥΔΑΙΑΣ could refer to all Palestine or the southern portion of Palestine lying on this side of the Jordan and the Dead Sea, to distinguish it from Samaria, Galilee, Peraea, and Idumaea Luke 1:5's ΗΡΩΔΟΥ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΤΗΣ ΙΟΥΔΑΙΑΣ could refer to either Herod the Great or Herod Archelaus with Luke 2:2 indicating the later Herod.[33]
A little-known fact is that in the time period Jesus supposedly lived there was a Bethlehem of Zebulun (around 10 kilometres north-west of Nazareth and 30 kilometres east of Haifa, i.e. in Galilee) and it has been suggested that this is the Bethlehem Jesus really came from.[34]
Moreover, a census would not and has never meant ordering a return to the town people were born in, but rather taking records of them where they live at the time. The alternative would be a logistical nightmare in which the roads would be clogged with travelers returning to their home towns throughout all of Judea, making a census-taking far more difficult. This part of the story likely was added so that Joseph (who is said to come from the House of David—i.e. the royal line) would return to Bethlehem so Jesus could be born there, thus fulfilling a supposed old prophecy regarding the Jewish Messiah. However, some translations of Micah 5:2 make it clear that the supposed "Bethlehem" prophecy is in reference to a group of people in Judea, not a town, so there is no prophecy regarding the Jewish Messiah being born in the town of Bethlehem but rather coming from the Bethlehem clan who could have been anywhere in the land that had once been called Judea.
Finally Matthew implies that nearly two years had passed since Jesus' family had fled to Egypt when Herod starting killing the children in and around Bethlehem while Luke expressly states they went to temple every year.
Picking other timelines from the Gospels[edit]
As pointed out by Robert M. Price, Irenaeus had Jesus crucified under Claudius Caesar (41-54 CE)[35][36]
The Irenaeus example Price provides is actually far worse than Price presents it. The actual passage in Demonstration (74) is
"For Herod the king of the Jews and Pontius Pilate, the governor of Claudius Caesar, came together and condemned Him to be crucified."
and this one sentence is so full of historical inaccuracies that it is unbelievable that few have pointed them out.
The key issue is the title "King of the Jews" (ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ ΤΩΝ ΙΟΥΔΑΙΩΝ in Greek). At best only three Herods held this formal title: Herod the Great, Herod Agrippa I, and Herod Agrippa II[37] When Herod the Great died, his kingdom was broken up between this three sons: Herod Archelaus (Ethnarch of Judaea 4 BCE – 6 CE), Herod Antipas (Tetrarch of Galilee 4 BCE - 41 CE), and "Herod" Philip II (Tetrarch of Batanea 4 BCE – 34 CE). Archelaus was removed 6 CE with Judea governed by Roman prefects until Herod Agrippa I came to power in 41 CE. Furthermore, while some later books have called Herod Agrippa II "king of the Jews", he in truth never ruled over the Judea province.[38]
In any case only one of these Herods ruled Judea during the reign of Claudius Caesar: Herod Agrippa I. Moreover, we know exactly when he had the title "King of the Jews": 42-44 CE. But this is long after Paul's vision, so why did Irenaeus make such a statement? Against Heresies 2:22 shows that Luke 3:23 locked him at Jesus being [about] 30 around 28/29 CE and John 8:56-57 as he states "such language is fittingly applied to one who has already passed the age of forty, without having as yet reached his fiftieth year, yet is not far from this latter period." Even you push Jesus's supposed birth date in Matthew to c6 BCE (Herod the Great killing children two years old and younger), putting Jesus at 34 in c29 CE (there is no year zero), you don't get to the required minimum 46 years of age until 41 CE, which requires the Caesar to be Claudius (41-54 CE) and the Herod "king of the Jews" to be Agrippa I (42-44 CE). The Gospel material Irenaeus was using effectively locked in the time period and he was forced throw in Pontius Pilate (who if there was a Herod "king of the Jews" in charge would not have been needed) to make everything fit.
Furthermore the old out of claiming Irenaeus was, for some insane reason, referring to Tiberius Claudius Nero (whose name had changed to Tiberius Julius Caesar when he was adopted by Julius Caeser in 44 BCE) takes a dirt nap thanks to this passage:
But Jesus being derived from that father who is above the God that made the world, and coming into Judæa in the times of Pontius Pilate the governor, who was the procurator of Tiberius Cæsar - Against Heresies 1:27:2
Irenaeus then provides this piece of temporal insanity:
"for our Lord was born about the forty-first year of the reign of Augustus" (i.e. 14 CE[39]) - Against Heresies 2:21:3
But a Jesus who had been born in 14 CE been 30 in 44 CE requires ignoring Luke 3:1 which clearly states "It was in the fifteenth year of the emperor Tiberius' reign" (28/29 CE) was when Jesus was about 30 years old. Irenaeus is clearly making theological arguments with history and logic going out the window. The efforts to make statements like this fit history require insane disregard of history to even work. Augustus was originally called Octavian and didn't get the title name Augustus until 27 BCE.
Salvation - "The Gospel" is often used as a synonym for a salvation message in particular, rather than the four Gospels in general.
Calvin's Commentaries
↑ Compare for example: Espín, Orlando O.; Nickoloff, James B., eds (2007). An Introductory Dictionary of Theology and Religious Studies. Michael Glazier Books. Collegeville, Minnesota: Liturgical Press. p. 501. ISBN 9780814658567. https://books.google.com/books?id=k85JKr1OXcQC. Retrieved 2017-08-26. "For Christians, the four Gospels are not only the most important books in the New Testament, they are the most important books in the Bible."
↑ http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=gospel
↑ See the Wikipedia article on calque.
↑ Griffin, Bruce W. (1996), "The Paleographical Dating of P-46"
↑ Brodie, Thomas L. (2012). "epilogue: Bart D. Ehrman's 'Did Jesus Exist?'". Beyond the Quest for the Historical Jesus: Memoir of a Discovery. Sheffield Phoenix Press. p. 229. ISBN 978-1-907534-58-4.
↑ Boyarin, Daniel (2012). The Jewish Gospels: The Story of the Jewish Christ. New Press/ORIM. p. 105. ISBN 978-1-59558-711-4. "[In the Gospel of Mark] we see its background in the Jewish mode of biblical interpretation, midrash. Once again, to remind readers, midrash is a way of multiply contextualizing verses with other verses and passages in the [Hebrew] Bible, in order to determine their meaning."
↑ Nanine Charbonnel (2017). "Les Évangiles comme midrash" (in French). APPROCHES – Les promesses du commencement. n°172. "In my book I draw a parallel between all that is said about Jesus' actions, attitudes or feelings and ancient Jewish texts. Divided in two columns covering 43 pages I point out clear evidence that the authors of the texts always had those Jewish sources on their minds when they wrote their narratives. This Jewish material is used like playing bricks [Lego bricks] and they should not be read as historical references. . . . I give a specific and in-depth account of the devices to be found in the narratives and which became later like stumbling blocks in further interpretation. They usually result from a shortcoming in the handling of complex proper and figurative meanings."
↑ Comment by R. G. Price—3 September 2019—per Lataster, Raphael (August 2019). "When Critics Miss the Point About Questioning Jesus' Historicity". The Bible and Interpretation. "I think what we can prove is that the Gospel narratives are entirely post-First Jewish-Roman War literary inventions, and that the Jesus character in those stories is derived entirely from scriptures and the letters of Paul."
↑ Comment by Neil Godfrey—5 October 2019—per "The OT Sources for Mark 1". Vridar. 4 October 2019. See also: Comment by Neil Godfrey—6 October 2019
↑ It probably goes without saying that some Christians believe these 4 accounts were written by the disciples of Jesus, immediately after his death.
↑ Raymond E. Brown. An Introduction to the New Testament.
↑ Some scholars think the existing versions of Luke came about as a rebuttal of Marcion's Evangelicon making "our" versions no younger than c 120 CE)
↑ Harris, Stephen L. (2006). Understanding the Bible (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-296548-3.
↑ Richard Carrier The Formation of the New Testament Canon
↑ See the Wikipedia article on Gospel in Islam.
↑ Dictionary of Islam, Patrick Hughes, 1895
↑ Lataster, Raphael (2019). Questioning the Historicity of Jesus: Why a Philosophical Analysis Elucidates the Historical Discourse. BRILL. p. 57. ISBN 978-90-04-40878-4.
↑ e.g. JD Crossan, Historical Jesus, Life of a Jewish Peasant; A Schweitzer, Quest for the Historical Jesus; W. Blanton, Shadow of the Galilean.
↑ Carrier, Richard (30 September 2019). "Did Jesus Exist? Craig Evans' Post-Debate Analysis". Richard Carrier Blogs.
↑ R.G. Price, 2007-01-03. "Jesus Myth - The Case Against Historical Christ".
↑ Richard Carrier. "Why I Don't Buy the Resurrection Story." (6th ed., 2006)
↑ Richard Carrier. (June 14, 2013)"Brown Out: A Christian Reviews Proving History"
↑ Carrier, Richard (2011) The Date of the Nativity in Luke (6th ed., 2011) Secular Web
↑ Reverend Kenny Nailimup THE TRIAL THAT NEVER TOOK PLACE
↑ "12 Reasons Jesus' Trial Was Illegal" part 1, part 2 The Restored Church of God
↑ Maimonides, Laws of Sanhedrin, 9:1
↑ Did Jesus Even Exist? (Carrier's Missouri State University lecture) YouTube
↑ Lena Einhorn, PhD (Nov.17-20, 2012) 'Jesus and the "Egyptian Prophet"' Society of Biblical Literature Annual Meeting
↑ A.J. 20.113-114; B.J. 2.228-229
↑ Carrier, Richard (2011) "The Date of the Nativity in Luke (6th ed., 2011)"
↑ Vermes, Geza (2010) Jesus: Nativity - Passion - Resurrection
↑ David Goodblatt's "Dating Documents in Herodian Judaea" in Herod and Augustus: Papers Presented at the IJS Conference, 21st-23rd June 2005
↑ see Aviram Oshri's "Where was Jesus Born?" in Volume 58 Number 6, November/December 2005 of Archaeology for more details on the Bethlehem of Zebulun idea.
↑ Irenaeus (c180 CE)Demonstration (74)
↑ See Robert M Price. "Jesus at the Vanishing Point," in James K. Beilby & Paul Rhodes Eddy (eds.) The Historical Jesus: Five Views. InterVarsity, 2009, p. 80-81.
↑ Crossan, John Dominic (1996) Who Killed Jesus?: Exposing the Roots of Anti-Semitism in the Gospel Story pg 94
↑ Gelb, Norman (2010) Kings of the Jews: The Origins of the Jewish Nation pg 205
↑ "Augustus Caesar, emperor and princeps of the Roman people, died in the forty-first year of his reign, at the age of seventy-six. In that same year, 14 CE,..." - Coogan, Michael D. (2001) The Oxford History of the Biblical World Oxford University Press pg 389
Articles about the Bible
Old Testament: Abel • Abraham • Adam and Eve • Amalekites • Asherah • Baal • Cain • Curse of Ham • Ezekiel's wheel • Firmament • G'Tach • Garden of Eden • Gibeah • Global flood • Goliath • Incubus and succubus myths • Isaac • Ishmael • Jacob • Jezebel • Joseph (Old Testament) • Joseph was Imhotep • King David • Leviathan • List of actions prohibited by the Bible • Lot • Mark of Cain • Messiah • Moloch • Moses • Nephilim • Nimrod • Noah • Old Testament • Satan • Serpent seed doctrine • Sirach • Sodom and Gomorrah • Tamar • Tower of Babel •
Torah: Book of Deuteronomy • Book of Exodus • Book of Genesis • Book of Leviticus • Book of Numbers • Torah •
Old Testament History: Book of Esther • Book of Ezra • Book of Joshua • Book of Judges • Book of Ruth • Books of Chronicles • Books of Kings • Books of Samuel •
Old Testament Wisdom: Book of Job • Book of Proverbs • Book of Psalms • Ecclesiastes • Song of Solomon •
Major and Minor Prophets: Book of Daniel • Book of Ezekiel • Book of Isaiah • Book of Jeremiah • Book of Lamentations • Books of the Minor Prophets •
New Testament: Authorship of the New Testament • Book of Revelation • Good Samaritan • Gospel of Barnabas • Jesus • John the Baptist • Joseph (husband of Mary) • Joseph of Arimathea • Judas Iscariot • Magi • Mary (mother of Jesus) • Mary Magdalene • Messiah • Nag Hammadi library • New Testament • Paul of Tarsus • Peter the Apostle • Pontius Pilate • Principalities and powers •
Gospels and Acts: Acts of the Apostles • Gospel of John • Gospel of Luke • Gospel of Mark • Gospel of Matthew • Q gospel •
Pauline Epistles: Colossians • Corinthians • Ephesians • Epistle to Philemon • Epistle to Philippians • Epistle to Titus • Epistle to the Romans • First Thessalonians • First Timothy • Galatians • Second Thessalonians • Second Timothy •
General Epistles: Epistle of James • Epistle of Jude • Epistle to the Hebrews • First Epistle of John • First Epistle of Peter • Second Epistle of John • Second Peter • Third Epistle of John •
Bible analysis: Abomination • Annotated Bible • Apocalyptic literature • Arsenokoites • Authorship of the New Testament • Bible interpolation • Bible translation • Biblical contradictions • Biblical literalism • Biblical scientific errors • Biblical sexism • Bibliolatry • Documentary hypothesis • Evidence against a recent creation • Evidence for the Exodus • Evil Bible.com • Examples of God personally killing people • Firmament • G'Tach • Genealogy of Jesus • Herod • Horizontal reading • King James Only • List of actions prohibited by the Bible • List of mistakes made by God • Nag Hammadi library • Noah's Ark • Pesher • Q gospel • Septuagint • Skeptic's Annotated Bible • Slavery in the Bible • Ten Commandments • The Brick Testament • Torah • Word of God •
Bible translations: Annotated Bible • Bible translation • Cockney Bible • Douay-Rheims • Jefferson Bible • King James Only • Septuagint • Vetus Latina •
Apocrypha: 1 Maccabees • 2 Maccabees • 3 Maccabees • 4 Maccabees • Apocrypha • Book of Judith • Books of Enoch • Books of the Maccabees • Didache • Gospel of Barnabas • Gospel of Judas • Gospel of Mary • Gospel of Philip • Gospel of Thomas • Infancy Gospel of James • Infancy Gospel of Thomas • Nag Hammadi library •
Biblical figures: Abel • Abraham • Adam and Eve • Amalekites • Asherah • Baal • Cain • God • Goliath • Habakkuk • Herod • Isaac • Ishmael • Jacob • Jesus • Joseph (Old Testament) • Joseph (husband of Mary) • Joseph of Arimathea • Judas Iscariot • King David • Lot • Mary (mother of Jesus) • Mary Magdalene • Moses • Nephilim • Nimrod • Noah • Paul of Tarsus • Peter the Apostle • Pontius Pilate • Satan • YHWH •
Bible woo: Acharya S • Benny Hinn • Biblical longevity • Biblical scientific foreknowledge • Black Hebrew Israelites • British Israelism • Bryan Denlinger • Creation Week • Dr. Bronner's Soap • Gematria • Hanzi of Genesis • James Ussher • Jesus diet • Jonathan Otto • Jose Luis De Jesus • Ken Ham • Name it and claim it • Prayer • Presents Of God Ministry • Presidential Prayer Team • Roman Piso • Ron Wyatt • Snake handling • Solfeggio frequencies • Speaking in tongues • Spiritual warfare • Stigmata • The Bible Code • The Drama of the Lost Disciples • Trinity Broadcasting Network • Zecharia Sitchin • Zion Oil and Gas •
Scientific foreknowledge: Biblical scientific foreknowledge • Eternal Productions: 101 Scientific Facts and Foreknowledge • Gaps between Science and the Bible • Modern Science in the Bible • Science Confirms the Bible • Scientific Facts in the Bible: 100 Reasons to Believe the Bible is Supernatural in Origin •
Articles about apologetics and counter-apologetics
Apologetics and counter-apologetics: Answering Islam • Apologetics • Atheist professor myth • Atheists hate god • Christianity is not a religion • Evidence for God from Science • FAQ for the Newly Deconverted • Free will • New Apologetics • Proof God is Always Right • Proof the Bible is True • ProphecyFilm.com • Question Evolution • Richard Dawkins - God Hater • Russell's Teapot • Statements that are wrong on the level of a Young Earth • Torah Philosophy • Zeal of the convert •
Existence of gods: Appel à la beauté • Argument from beauty • Argument from design • Argument from fine tuning • Argument from first cause • Argument from molarity • Argument from morality • Evidence for God's existence • Evil is the absence of God • God of the gaps • Intelligent design • Kissing Hank's Ass • Lewis Trilemma • Magic sandwich • Oenological argument • Omnipotence paradox • Ontological argument • Presuppositionalism • Problem of evil • Religious scientists • The Dragon in My Garage • Transcendental argument for God •
Belief in gods: Pascal's wager • Spanish Inquisition •
Science and religion: Accommodationism • Burwell v. Hobby Lobby • Creation science • Faith • Fideism • God of the gaps • Intelligent falling • Louis Pasteur • Non-Overlapping Magisteria •
Morality and religion: Birth as a Grave Misfortune • Divine command theory • Euthyphro dilemma • Just world hypothesis • Responding to Sam Burke's Argument That Christianity Entails Anti-Natalism •
Scriptures: A Course in Miracles • Aquarian Gospel of Jesus the Christ • Avenue Q gospel • Bible • Book of Mormon • Book of Mormon • Books of Enoch • Dianetics • Doctrine and Covenants • Essene Gospel of Peace • Hadith • Holy book • Kutub al-Sittah • New Testament • Oahspe • Old Testament • Pearl of Great Price • Q gospel • Qur'an • Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures • Septuagint • Talmud • Tao Te Ching • The Urantia Book • Torah • Upanishads • Vedas •
Bible analysis: Abomination • Apocalyptic literature • Arsenokoites • Authorship of the New Testament • Bible interpolation • Bible translation • Biblical contradictions • Biblical literalism • Biblical scientific errors • Biblical sexism • Bibliolatry • Documentary hypothesis • Evidence against a recent creation • Evidence for the Exodus • Evil Bible.com • Examples of God personally killing people • Firmament • G'Tach • Genealogy of Jesus • Herod • Horizontal reading • King James Only • List of actions prohibited by the Bible • List of mistakes made by God • Nag Hammadi library • Noah's Ark • Pesher • Q gospel • Septuagint • Skeptic's Annotated Bible • Slavery in the Bible • Ten Commandments • The Brick Testament • Torah • Word of God •
Qur'an analysis: List of actions prohibited by the Qur'an • Qur'anic contradictions • Qur'anic scientific errors • Qur'anic scientific foreknowledge •
Apologists and counter-apologists: Armoured Skeptic • Candace Owens • Charles Templeton • DarkMatter2525 • Edward Current • Hemant Mehta • Matt Dillahunty • TheraminTrees •
Christian apologists: Alister McGrath • Alvin Plantinga • Andrew Snelling • Anselm • Apologetics Press • Augustine of Hippo • Ben Carson • Ben Hobrink • Bible Issues • Bill Muehlenberg • Billy Crone • Brian Thomas • Brittany Sellner • Bryan Denlinger • Buddy Davis • C.S. Lewis • Chuck Baldwin • Computing Forever • Cornelius Van Til • David Ray Griffin • David Wood • Dennis Prager • Dinesh D'Souza • Duane Gish • E. Calvin Beisner • Edward Feser • Encyclopedia of American Loons • Eric Hovind • Frank Turek • Gary Habermas • Gary North • Got Questions • Henry M. Morris • Herb Titus • J. P. Holding • Jack Chick • Jair Bolsonaro • Jeffrey Tomkins • John D. Morris • Jonathan Sarfati • Jordan Peterson • Joseph Farah • Josh McDowell • Ken Ham • Kirk Cameron • L. Brent Bozell III • Lawrence Ford • Lee Strobel • Mark Cahill • Mike Huckabee • Mike Pence • Nathaniel Jeanson • Norman Geisler • One America News Network • Pat Robertson • Patrick Glynn • R.J. Rushdoony • Randal Rauser • Ravi Zacharias • Ray Comfort • Rick Perry • Ross Douthat • Roy Moore • Rush Limbaugh • Sye Ten Bruggencate • Ted Cruz • Theodore Beale • Thomas Aquinas • Thomas E. Woodward • Thomas Malthus • Tim Todd • Timothy LaHaye • WallBuilders • William Lane Craig •
Muslim apologists: Dawah Man • Hamza Tzortzis • Harun Yahya •
Retrieved from "https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Gospels&oldid=2146235"
Apologetics and counter-apologetics
Bible analysis
Pages containing cite templates with deprecated parameters


We provide a full range of web design services, delivered with creativity and inspiration. From simple "brochure style" websites through to highly complex database driven applications, C-Me Online can design and build a solution that will work for you and your clients.
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Websites come in all shapes and sizes. At C-Me Online, we customise every website to suit the exact requirements (and budget) of each client. Unlike our competitors, we do not operate from a fixed pricing structure for our services. Whatever your budget, C-Me Online can facilitate all of your web design requirements - for some clients, we may be able to offer flexible monthly instalment payment plans.
Our 600+ clients come from just about every industry. Each website and campaign have different needs and therefore different solutions – from relatively simple brochure style websites for local businesses to complex, e-commerce websites with a myriad of functionality.
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C Me Online has designed, developed and deployed hundreds of websites, for clients in Ireland, the UK, Spain, Portugal, Germany, Norway, China, Canada & the USA - below is a small selection of our web design, e-commerce, logo design and web development projects.


text:
Lola Brooks 18k & long oval moonstone drop earrings, 10.33ct
Lola Brooks 18k yellow gold & long oval moonstone drop earrings, 10.33ct. Each stone measures approximately 7/8″ x 1/4″ & is set in Lola's signature fine bezel. When hanging, the earrings measure approximately 1 1/4″ from the top of the 18k yellow gold ear wire to the bottom of the earring.
- moonstone, 10.33ct
- 1 1/4" total length
Lola Brooks has always been captivated by the Victorian-era concept of jewelry as a form of communication, and the role of personal adornment in cultural identity. Nowhere is that more evident than her own informal-yet-elegant large-scale designs that lend themselves to self-expression.
Stones, often hand-cut, are the starting point for Brooks, who incorporates a prism of gems spanning rubies to tourmaline in her collections — though she has a professed fondness for diamonds.Reflecting influences ranging from the Victorians to the Arts & Crafts movement and modernist American studio jewelry, each piece is fabricated or carved in wax and cast, resulting in limited production and one-of-a-kind works.
An artist and educator who studied at Pratt Institute and earned a BFA in metals at SUNY New Paltz, Brooks has had her work chronicled in numerous publications. Her jewelry can be found in the permanent collections of New York City's Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Museum of Art and Design.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


At the Halberg Law Firm, Family Law Attorneys, we offer our clients personal service by our attorneys and staff. When we approach child custody issues, we look to serve the best interests of the child or children as well as our clients. We will negotiate a livable custody and parenting time arrangement if possible through a negotiated or mediated settlement. If necessary we will litigate all custody and parenting time issues before the court. We can resolve, either through negotiation, mediation or litigation, any dispute that arises in a prior parenting plan. The attorneys at The Halberg Law Firm, Family Law Attorneys will help you create a parenting plan (custody agreement) that is beneficial to your children, and one that both you and your former spouse can abide. At the Halberg Law Firm we represent both men and women equally regardless of their sexual preference.


Sunglasses Coloring Page for the Kids!
Grilling Month Coloring Page for the Kids!
Father's Day eCards to Share!
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What Was Your Favorite Part About ASIS 2013?
Protection 1 Welcomes You To ASIS 2013!


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What's the future for Keynsham's green-belt gap as Bristol housing demand rises?
As cities across the country struggle to meet rising demand for housing within their boundaries, it's understandable that those stretches of green space on their edges might seem the obvious answer to some to accommodate the inevitable urban spread.
But for many living in the small towns that exist on their edges, those fields and empty expanses might represent the last line of defence against being "swallowed up" by their larger neighbours and the loss of their independent character.
It's an argument Keynsham knows well, separated from Bristol by the smallest of green buffers, the scene of battles by past campaigners to prevent development over the years, as this poster created by Mary Fairclough in the 1970s proves.
The "thorny question" of the green belt was raised again recently by Bristol Alderman Paul Smith, who has spent his career working in the housing sector and was invited to speak to Bristol's Civic Society. There he posed the question whether the green-belt boundaries, such as that to the city's south east between Keynsham and Bristol, should be reconsidered if brownfield sites couldn't meet the need.
Speaking to Keynshamvoice, he said: "The thorny question is if we need more housing then where are they going to go? Whenever a development is proposed, whether it's urban, rural or in a market town, there tends to be a lot of opposition very quickly.
"RIBA (Royal Institute of British Architects) suggests, and I agree, that the green belt should be looked at again – which bits are really important pieces of land that need to be protected and which pieces are rough agricultural land with little environmental value which could be used to extend the city. But rather than reduce green belt we could do a swap by designating other land to become green belt.
"If we are going to address the housing need we can't just look at brownfield sites, which in Bristol tend to have become parks, the green spaces that make cities livable."
Despite Keynsham's close proximity to Bristol and RIBA's suggestions, however, Mr Smith doesn't think the two will be joined up any time soon.
"Keynsham is economically part of Bristol but I don't think they will be physically linked as there isn't any will to see that," he said.
"Being joined doesn't stop places having their own character and identity within a city – people in Kingswood still feel they live in Kingswood not Bristol, for example."
But for long-term resident and Keynsham Civic Society member Judi Grant, Keynsham's independence is worth fighting for – particularly, she says, as the town's future looks bright with plans to provide more of its own employment for its own growing population, making it economically more independent.
She said: "I was brought up and educated in Bristol and am proud to be a product of such a great city. I've spent over 35 years living in Keynsham, a thriving town which still has the friendliness and inclusiveness of a large village.
"The people of Keynsham enjoy easy access to both Bristol and Bath while wishing to maintain their town's unique character. We've respect for our larger neighbours but do not wish to become part of them."
As Bristol City Council works towards the target of providing more than 26,000 new homes set out in its core strategy, the green belt between the city and Keynsham is earmarked as land that could be used as a contingency if there was a shortfall in new homes in future.
But developments are on course to meet targets, said a city council spokesperson: "Green-belt land is an important resource which helps to prevent urban sprawl and allows neighbouring towns to maintain their separate identities. While local authorities allocate these areas, green belt is part of a wider government policy.
"While this land is intended to be permanently dedicated to this status, there are certain areas which could be used as part of a long-term contingency for development. This includes areas in the south-east of Bristol. However, this would only be considered if Bristol was struggling to deliver the planned amount of housing or if more was required.
"Currently, Bristol has a five-year supply of housing land and is on course to meet its targets for new homes. Therefore, there is no need to consider developing on this land at this present time."
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Traders give mixed reaction to hotel plan.. Read More


Replacement Handle for Dutton Lainson Winches - Offset - 6"
Today we're gonna take a quick look at the Draw-Tite trailer hitch conical tooth washer. This is going to have a three eighths inch diameter, and it comes as a quantity of one or 20. Now, this is gonna work for a lot of your Draw-Tite accessories, pretty much anything that's gonna need a washer for three eighths bolt. Again, this is going to be available as a single washer, or as one of 20. Those part numbers for the single is going to be 01292006-020-01. For just the kit of 20, it's gonna be that same part number minus that last dash 01.Now, as you can see, we'll have those little nubs around the side.
Those are the conical teeth. That's where it gets its name, and it does have that curved design there. That's just gonna help to give a good bite into the metal that we're mounting this to so it's gonna stay secure.You have that inner diameter. It's gonna fit our three eighths inch bolt, so it's gonna be about three eighths of an inch in diameter. The overall diameter from outside edge to outside edge is gonna be about an inch, and the washer is gonna be about an eighth of an inch thick.Now, if you need more hardware for your hitch, or any other accessory that you're installing, we do have a complete replacement hardware kit for trailer hitches, available here at etrailer.com.
That part number is gonna be RHK. That's gonna come with a lot of different things, including conical tooth washers, so keep that in mind if you need some additional hardware.But that's gonna do it for our look at the Draw-Tite trailer hitch conical tooth washer with the three eighths inch diameter.


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November 23, 2020 In Management By Maggie
Reserve Fund compliance now urgent for ST schemes
Sectional Title schemes that are not yet compliant with the reserve fund provisions of the Community Housing Schemes Ombud Services Act should rectify that position as soon as possible.
So says Andrew Schaefer, MD of national property management company Trafalgar, who notes that since the Act was passed in 2016, the Ombud is likely to take a "dim view" of schemes that haven't yet set up a reserve fund to cover long-term, planned maintenance activities.
"The CSOS Act stipulates that every scheme must have a 10-year maintenance plan, compiled by a professional, separate reserve fund to cover the estimated costs of the items listed in this plan. These could include painting the building exteriors at certain set intervals, for example, or waterproofing the roofs, or replacing certain equipment that is expected to wear out.
"The size of this reserve fund is determined according to a set formula, depending on the size of the scheme, and it must have its own budget, own bank account and own books of account, separate from those of the so-called administration fund, which covers the day-to-day operations of the scheme and any running repairs."
The Act also provides, he notes, that contributions to the reserve fund must be included in the monthly levies that owners pay, "and that naturally means higher levies which, we believe, is the main reason that quite a large percentage of ST schemes are still not compliant with the legislation. Trustees are often reluctant to implement a levy increase that is more than the rate of inflation, even when this will lead to a budget shortfall.
"Nevertheless, it is really important for them to address the reserve fund situation now, preferably with the help of a professional management company like Trafalgar, which can streamline the whole process of getting a 10-year maintenance plan drawn up, establishing the reserve fund and ensuring that the required contributions to the fund are built into owners' monthly levies."
Apart from contravening the provisions of the CSOS Act, there are two other important reasons for them to become compliant, says Schaefer. The first of these is to avoid having to impose special levies when any major repair or maintenance work outside of the day-to-day running of the complex becomes necessary. "Special levies are loathed by owners, are notoriously difficult to collect and make it more difficult to attract potential buyers to units that are for sale.
"It is far better to have a reserve fund and for owners to pay monthly contributions that are included in their levies, in the same way that it is better for individuals to save a little 'rainy day' money every month, instead of having to take out a big personal loan when they face a major expense that isn't in their normal budget."
The second reason, he says, is that auditors are starting to "qualify" the financial reports of schemes that don't have a 10-year maintenance plan or a reserve fund, due to the risk this poses to their financial stability. "And that is very serious because it could lead to the banks refusing to approve home loans in non-compliant schemes and the units in those schemes once again becoming unattractive to potential buyers and losing a lot of their value."
*For more advice on achieving compliance with the CSOS Act, trustees and directors of Sectional Title and other community housing schemes should contact Andrew Schaefer at Trafalgar on 011 214 5228
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Why is Wi-Fi so Important to Retailers?
Shopper's habits are changing and one of the reasons for that is the improvements in technology which is rapidly changing the customer experience. More consumers have smartphones and these users are taking advantage of the many additional options this gives them while shopping both in-store and online - including shopping lists, product reviews and price comparison with other retailers or just to send a picture to a friend for their opinion on which to buy.
The most successful retailers are those that have embraced the new technology and understand the value of in-store Wi-Fi for not just customers but also their staff. The Wi-Fi not only gives the customer a better experience but allows the retailer to gain buying and shopping data analytics from their customers through them logging into the store Wi-Fi.
Being able to bring in new customers as well as keeping existing customers by offering additional value is imperative to any retailer. Wi-Fi location analytics systems allows customers to connect through in-store Wi-Fi and creates a direct channel of communication that helps the store to understand and provide what the customer wants. This could be identifying footfall or producing marketing based on the location and user analytics.
ability to identifying the busiest location to enable positioning or pricing of certain products within that location.
ability to plan store layout to optimise traffic flow in busy periods.
to foresee where staff should be placed, dependant on customer flow and time of day.
If retailers do not embrace Wi-Fi they will fail to meet their customer's expectations and will potentially lose those customers to competitors who can offer the service the customers expect.


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Q: Event to trigger related list data change I see that there is a force:refereshview handler event that i can use to handle refreshview

The challenge is when the related list is edited the refreshview does not fire consistently(Observed this when editing/deleting individual account team member from account)
Is there a handler for capturing relatedlist changes in general instead of relying on refreshview event?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Scale SVG in flexbox (direction row) I'm trying to keep an SVG inside a div which is inside a flexbox. The following code works for flex-direction: row but not for column.
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  box-sizing: border-box;
  padding: 1em;
  gap: 1em;
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  background-color: steelblue;
}

.left {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background-color: green;
  flex: 1;
}

.right {
  background-color: red;
  flex: 1;
}

Working but not what I want

* {
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

html,
body {
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
}

.container {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  padding: 1em;
  gap: 1em;
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  background-color: steelblue;
}

.left {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background-color: green;
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}

.right {
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  flex: 1;
}

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      <title>SVG Logo</title>
      <desc>Designed for the SVG Logo Contest in 2006 by Harvey Rayner, and adopted by W3C in 2009. It is available under the Creative Commons license for those who have an SVG product or who are using SVG on their site.</desc>

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            <dc:title>SVG Logo</dc:title>
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                <dc:title>Harvey Rayner, designer</dc:title>
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    </svg>

Not working but what I want

* {
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

html,
body {
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
}

.container {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  padding: 1em;
  gap: 1em;
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  background-color: steelblue;
}

.left {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background-color: green;
  flex: 1;
}

.right {
  background-color: red;
  flex: 1;
}

some text in left

    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 300 300">

      <title>SVG Logo</title>
      <desc>Designed for the SVG Logo Contest in 2006 by Harvey Rayner, and adopted by W3C in 2009. It is available under the Creative Commons license for those who have an SVG product or who are using SVG on their site.</desc>

      <metadata id="license">
        <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:cc="http://web.resource.org/cc/">
          <cc:Work rdf:about="">
            <dc:title>SVG Logo</dc:title>
            <dc:date>14-08-2009</dc:date>
            <dc:creator>
              <cc:Agent>
                <dc:title>W3C</dc:title>
              </cc:Agent>
              <cc:Agent>
                <dc:title>Harvey Rayner, designer</dc:title>
              </cc:Agent>
            </dc:creator>
            <dc:description>See document description</dc:description>
            <cc:license rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/" />
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            <dc:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage" />
          </cc:Work>
          <cc:License rdf:about="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/">
            <cc:permits rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/Reproduction" />
            <cc:permits rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/Distribution" />
            <cc:requires rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/Notice" />
            <cc:requires rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/Attribution" />
            <cc:prohibits rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/CommercialUse" />
            <cc:permits rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/DerivativeWorks" />
            <cc:requires rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/ShareAlike" />
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        </rdf:RDF>
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          <path id="V" d="M 73.452,0.024 L60.482,62.625 L49.742,62.625 L36.782,0.024 L47.522,0.024 L55.122,36.687 L62.712,0.024 L73.452,0.024 Z" />

          <path id="G" d="M 91.792,25.952 L110.126,25.952 L110.126,44.286 L110.131,44.286 C110.131,54.413 101.918,62.626 91.792,62.626 C81.665,62.626 73.458,54.413 73.458,44.286 L73.458,44.286 L73.458,18.359 L73.453,18.359 C73.453,8.233 81.665,0.025 91.792,0.025 C101.913,0.025 110.126,8.233 110.126,18.359 L99.385,18.359 C99.385,14.169 95.981,10.765 91.792,10.765 C87.597,10.765 84.198,14.169 84.198,18.359 L84.198,44.286 L84.198,44.286 C84.198,48.481 87.597,51.880 91.792,51.880 C95.981,51.880 99.380,48.481 99.385,44.291 L99.385,44.286 L99.385,36.698 L91.792,36.698 L91.792,25.952 L91.792,25.952 Z" />
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          <use xlink:href="#svgbar" transform="rotate(45)" />
          <use xlink:href="#svgbar" transform="rotate(90)" />
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      <use xlink:href="#svgstar" />
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A: You can try with grid:

* {
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

html,
body {
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
}

.container {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  padding: 1em;
  gap: 1em;
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  display: grid;
  background-color: steelblue;
  grid-template-rows: repeat( auto-fit, minmax(0px, auto) );
}

.left {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background-color: green;
  flex: 1;
}

.right {
  background-color: red;
  flex: 1;
}

some text in left

    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 300 300">

      <title>SVG Logo</title>
      <desc>Designed for the SVG Logo Contest in 2006 by Harvey Rayner, and adopted by W3C in 2009. It is available under the Creative Commons license for those who have an SVG product or who are using SVG on their site.</desc>

      <metadata id="license">
        <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:cc="http://web.resource.org/cc/">
          <cc:Work rdf:about="">
            <dc:title>SVG Logo</dc:title>
            <dc:date>14-08-2009</dc:date>
            <dc:creator>
              <cc:Agent>
                <dc:title>W3C</dc:title>
              </cc:Agent>
              <cc:Agent>
                <dc:title>Harvey Rayner, designer</dc:title>
              </cc:Agent>
            </dc:creator>
            <dc:description>See document description</dc:description>
            <cc:license rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/" />
            <dc:format>image/svg+xml</dc:format>
            <dc:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage" />
          </cc:Work>
          <cc:License rdf:about="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/">
            <cc:permits rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/Reproduction" />
            <cc:permits rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/Distribution" />
            <cc:requires rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/Notice" />
            <cc:requires rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/Attribution" />
            <cc:prohibits rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/CommercialUse" />
            <cc:permits rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/DerivativeWorks" />
            <cc:requires rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/ShareAlike" />
          </cc:License>
        </rdf:RDF>
      </metadata>

      <defs>
        <g id="SVG" fill="#ffffff" transform="scale(2) translate(20,79)">
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          <path id="V" d="M 73.452,0.024 L60.482,62.625 L49.742,62.625 L36.782,0.024 L47.522,0.024 L55.122,36.687 L62.712,0.024 L73.452,0.024 Z" />

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          <use xlink:href="#svgbar" transform="rotate(90)" />
          <use xlink:href="#svgbar" transform="rotate(135)" />
        </g>
      </g>
      <use xlink:href="#svgstar" />
      <use xlink:href="#base" opacity="0.85" />
      <use xlink:href="#SVG" />

    </svg>


Drayton Side Chair, British, c.1750. Post-conservation photograph by Craig McDougal. Courtesy of Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Gift of Mr. Charles H. Drayton, III.
One of two significant pieces of British furniture placed on loan to Colonial Williamsburg for the new exhibit A Rich and Varied Culture: The Material World of the Early South (officially opening this Friday, February 14) is a side chair contemporary to Drayton Hall's construction (c.1738-1750). Carved from mahogany and deal and marked with the number 1, this chair is one of four known survivors from an original set of twelve numbered chairs imported from Britain for use in the great hall. Conservation of the wooden chair frame began with the careful cleaning of dirt and debris. This was followed by the removal of 20th century upholstery from the existing slip seat frame in an attempt to locate evidence of the original seat fabric. Through this process, it was determined that the slip seat frame was a 20th-century replacement, and an example of period silk upholstery was selected from 18th-century patterns to finish the chair.
Check out the Drayton side chair and 26 other pieces from Drayton Hall at the DeWitt Wallace Decorative Arts Museum's exhibit A Rich and Varied Culture: The Material World of the Early South.


after market close, the Company will release third quarter 2018 results.
The Company will also host a conference call the same day at 5:00 p.m.
officer, will host the conference call.
section of the Company's Web site at www.perkinelmer.com.
section of the Company's website at www.perkinelmer.com.
information is available through 1-877-PKI-NYSE, or at www.perkinelmer.com.


Qualified and interested applicants should fill out the online application or download and mail it to Human Resources Manager, Harrisonburg-Rockingham Community Services Board, 1241 N. Main Street, Harrisonburg, VA 22802.
HRCSB is currently seeking to fill an anticipated opening for the position of Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner. Incumbents for this position will provide psychiatric evaluations, assessments and treatment for persons of the HRCSB service delivery system. Will work within a team of other professionals providing similar and/or complementing services. Incumbent must have a Masters of Science in Nursing, and have graduated from an accredited program for nurse practitioners. He/she must possess and maintain current licensure and prescriptive authority in the Commonwealth of Virginia and with the DEA. At least two years of experience in a mental health treatment setting is preferred.
HRCSB is currently seeking to fill an anticipated opening for the position of Reimbursement Administrator. This position provides oversight, supervision, technical direction and administrative leadership in the areas of reimbursement and accounts receivable. The incumbent must be able to work with a great deal of independence while maintaining a positive role as the member of a larger financial team. Completion of high school, preferably supplemented by college or business school courses; plus, four years of progressively responsible experience in reimbursement and/or billing areas utilizing third-party payer systems; supervisory experience preferred.
HRCSB is looking for an energetic and organized individual to work in our residential setting as a Program Assistant and Residential Advisor. Primary responsibility is providing program assistance to Residential Site Coordinator and office administration for the residential site. Tasks could include responsibility for assigned reports, coordinating vehicle maintenance, and coordinating facility repairs. Additionally individual will provide direct services to individuals with mental illness including training and support in daily living skills, household management skills, supportive and/or education counseling, client goal-setting and progress evaluation, and activities to promote community integration. Schedule is primarily daytime Monday- Friday, but individual must be willing to work flexible schedules as needed for the program. Individual must have graduated from an accredited college or university with a bachelor's degree in human services or a related specialty plus one year of experience in a mental health, mental retardation, or substance abuse setting; OR have any equivalent combination of experience and training which provides the required knowledge, skills, and abilities. Past experience with office administration duties is preferred.
Full-time, salaried position to provide services to infant and toddlers with developmental delays or disabilities in the ITC (Infant and Toddler Connection) program. Opportunity to work with a team of professionals in the child's natural environment. Requires diagnostic and evaluative skills, knowledge of child development and intellectual disability; ability to work effectively with families from diverse backgrounds; and ability to provide services within complex regulations associated with Part C services. Bachelor's degree and certification in child development, early childhood special education, early childhood education, nursing or related field required.
Full-time, salaried position to perform a variety of moderately complex clerical and receptionist tasks. Position requires exceptional customer service and interpersonal skills, ability to operate multi-line telephone system, and excellent computer/EHR skills. Applicant must be able to interact positively with consumers and staff and be a team member, as well as be detailed-oriented, organized, and dependable. Two years progressively responsible experience in relevant administrative/clerical support work, including multi-line phone system experience. General knowledge of behavioral health field and electronic health records is preferred.
Full-time, salaried position, to provide case management and coordination for individuals with developmental disabilities, including intellectual disabilities, many of whom receive Medicaid-funded waiver services. Activities include planning, linking, and service coordination as well as monitoring of service provision. Position requires ability to organize, manage, and document complex services involving consumers, families, and private providers. Candidates need the ability to work effectively with a varied range of ages and disability levels. Requires knowledge of developmental disabilities and documentation procedures; and a working knowledge of client rights and local service systems. Bachelor's degree in human services plus one year of experience working directly with persons with intellectual disabilities or other developmental disabilities is required.
HRCSB is seeking a Registered Nurse to facilitate, monitor and report data for a StepVA initiative to ensure compliance with primary care screenings for children with serious emotional disturbance and adults with serious mental illness. The incumbent will work as a member of the medical team with psychiatrists, nurse practitioners and other nurses and in collaboration with other agency personnel in an outpatient behavioral health setting with clients who have a mental health, substance use, or intellectual disability diagnosis. Major duties include direct client care including administration of injectable medications and venipunctures, coordinating nursing services and provides supervision of assigned staff, ensures operations and compliance for the alternative delivery site, and documentation according to agency standards. Requires graduation from an accredited nursing program and licensed as a registered nurse in the State of Virginia with experience in psychiatric nursing. Supervisor experience preferred.
HRCSB is seeking an experienced licensed clinician to serve as our Supervisor of Community Outreach. Candidates should have experience working with individuals with mental health and substance use related issues and have strong supervisory skills. This position provides leadership to our substance abuse case management program, including drug court case management and peer services. Seeking a candidate that has a passion for working with individuals involved in the criminal justice system. Qualified applicants must have four years of direct clinical experience. Professional license required.
Full time salaried position. Position's primary role is to support the Behavioral Health Benefits Coordinator Position with the authorization process for behavioral health services. Duties include obtaining insurance eligibility; conducting pre-audit documentation reviews for medical necessity and minimum documentation compliance; submitting authorization and registration requests; entering authorization information into an electronic health record; maintaining relevant reports, tracking data and sending authorization expiration notices to clinical staff. Knowledge and experience with excel spreadsheets and electronic data systems required. Experience in human services, behavioral healthcare and/or managed care is preferred. Experience with electronic health records is beneficial. Position open until filled.
Temporary, hourly, part-time work to provide direct client services to individuals in the community who need assistance with their medication regimen. Services are provided daily, shifts are generally 7:45a- 10:15a and 6:45p-9:15p. Position works in rotation with other pharmacy technicians to provide coverage 365 days per year. Pharmacy Technicians work hours as scheduled in order to provide the needed level of care for clients in the program. Client's needs vary based on the results of a skills assessment and range from medication delivery to phone call reminders to weekly visits to monitor if a client is filling their med box correctly. Position requires working knowledge of mental illness and substance abuse and the ability to work effectively with clients. Current certification as a Pharmacy Technician, Valid Virginia driver's license with good driving record and reliable vehicle required.
We are looking for a Full-time Licensed therapist (LPC or LCSW) to join our team of child and adolescent outpatient clinicians. Primary responsibilities of this position would be to provide outpatient counseling to children, adolescents, and their families. This position will provide the opportunity to work with a diverse clientele in a supportive, professional environment. The right candidate will be personable, motivated and passionate about their work, and have the knowledge and ability to diagnose mental health disorders using the DSM-5. He/she will have familiarity with trauma-informed, person-centered care and will have the skills to produce timely, concise clinical documentation. The ability to work as a team member within the agency and the community is essential.
Harrisonburg-Rockingham Community Services Board (HRCSB) is actively recruiting a Board Certified Psychiatrist to join our team as Medical Director. Candidate will need to have leadership experience and experience/comfort treating children and adolescents as well as adults. The Medical Director provides clinical supervision to a team of 4-5 psychiatrists and psychiatric nurse practitioners. Typical work hours are day shift, Monday-Friday, and the position is largely direct care with 10-15% devoted to supervision and chart review. Day to day administrative duties and scheduling are handled by the Medical Practice Manager.
HRCSB is one of 40 community-based public providers of mental health, substance abuse, and developmental disability services throughout Virginia. Harrisonburg City and Rockingham County are centrally located in the beautiful Shenandoah Valley nestled between Alleghany and Blue Ridge Mountain ranges. The city and county offer many opportunities for family activities, cultural experiences and outdoor adventures. Conveniently located, we are only 2 hours away from Virginia's Capital, Richmond, and the Nation's Capital. Harrisonburg is known as "the Friendly City" and newcomers to our community quickly find out that it is not uncommon to be greeted with a warm smile.
The Harrisonburg-Rockingham Community Services Board (HRCSB) has an immediate need for a Chief Financial Officer. Established in 1972, HRCSB is quasi-governmental agency that specializes in the treatment of behavioral health and developmental disabilities across the life span; with an operational budget exceeding $12.6 million, employee base of approximately 250 positions, and services delivered to well over 4000 unique individuals in FY2017. The ideal candidate will demonstrate strategic thinking; be able to ensure the financial health of the organization while ensuring operational effectiveness for the future; strong budgeting and forecasting skills related to the annual planning cycle and in-year reporting; expert analytical and modeling capabilities for conversion of information to communicate and influence communication and outcomes; and be able to exercise a high degree of initiative and independence. This position is a member of the leadership team and reports to the Executive Director. CPA license is preferred.
•	The CFO monitors and financially accounts for services provided by HRCSB and responsible for all facets of planning, developing, administering, and servicing fiscal operations, including accounting, reimbursement, and payroll. The CFO oversees budgeting, contracting, and is directly responsible for reporting of financial and performance data.
•	The CFO proposes and develops the agency's fiscal policies and procedures, ensuring effective internal controls and supporting the process of revenue cycle management.
•	The CFO provides timely and accurate fiscal information to the Executive Director and other leadership, keeps the Executive Director and the Board informed of the agency's financial position and routinely reports the results of CSB financial operations through financial statements which conform to generally accepted accounting principles.
•	The CFO ensures compliance with the Federal, State, local and board fiscal regulations and policies as well as the DBHDS Performance Contract.
Residential Hourly Staff provide direct client services to the residents of Community Services Board operated residential services. Clients are adults with mental illness who are residing in community-based residences. Position requires: working knowledge of psychology, counseling and/or social work; mental illness and substance abuse; ability to work effectively with clients and service providers in the community. Services include skill building and support in daily living skills, household management skills, supportive and/or educational counseling, client goal-setting and progress evaluation, activities to promote community integration, on-site support and emergency intervention. Services are provided 24 hours per day, 7 days a week.
This is a mostly asleep and awake as needed position. Shift coverage is Thursday, Friday and Saturday overnights 10:30 PM – 7:30 AM. Approximately 18-27 hours per week.
Valid driver's license, ability to drive and safe driving record required.
Harrisonburg-Rockingham Community Services Board (HRCSB) is seeking a part time, hourly nurse practitioner to work 10-15 hours per week Monday through Friday with on-call coverage for after-hours crisis coverage in order to provide a range of specialized diagnostic and treatment services within our Crisis Stabilization Program. This crisis stabilization program is a short term, 7-bed intensive residential program staffed 24 hours a day to provide crisis services to individual with mental health and co-occurring disorders. Participates with the CSU Team in planning and implementing the delivery of psychiatric care for residents of the CSU and in providing education and consultation to CSU residents, families and staff regarding medication and health issues. Qualified candidates must have a Masters degree in Nursing, with a current Virginia license and be licensed as a Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner with prescriptive authority in Virginia.
HRCSB is a publicly funded agency providing recovery-oriented community-based services to individuals with mental health, intellectual disability, or substance use disorders in the Rockingham County and Harrisonburg area of Virginia. Located in the heart of the Shenandoah Valley, along interstate I-81 approximately 2 hours from Washington, D.C. and Richmond, VA. The Harrisonburg area provides an abundance of community resources while maintaining a reasonable cost of living (Harrisonburg Rockingham Chamber of Commerce). Harrisonburg is home to both James Madison University and Eastern Mennonite University, with two other colleges nearby.
An exciting opportunity for a full time individual at Harrisonburg-Rockingham CSB. We are currently seeking a full time, energetic mental health skill builder to work individually with consumers diagnosed with a serious and persistent mental illness in community based settings. This position works to coach individuals in skills needed to live meaningful lives in the community and work toward recovery. Services may include budgeting, community integration, coaching on ADL's, monitoring and accessing health and wellness resources, medication monitoring and management. We are looking for someone with knowledge of serious mental illness, ability to work effectively on a team, skill in providing recovery-oriented supports, and skills in documentation and time management. Current valid Virginia driver's license required. Degree in human services and at least one-year work experience with individuals with mental illness is necessary. Must meet qualifications for QMHP-A certification. This is a full-time, salaried position with benefits.
Full-time, salaried Physical Therapist opening to work with infants and toddlers with developmental delays or disabilities and their families.
Duties include transdisciplinary evaluation and treatment in a family-centered environment, primarily within the home. 40 hours a week with benefits. Requires expertise in diagnosis and treatment of very young children and ability to work with families from diverse backgrounds. Professional Virginia license in Physical Therapy required.
HRCSB is seeking a Full-time Licensed therapist (LPC or LCSW) to join it's Adult Outpatient Team to provide assessments and therapy services to individuals with mental health and substance abuse needs. This position will provide the opportunity to work with a diverse clientele in a supportive, professional environment. The right candidate will be personable, motivated and passionate about their work, have the knowledge and ability to diagnose behavioral disorders using the DSM-5. He/she will have familiarity with trauma-informed, person-centered care and will have the skills to produce timely, concise clinical documentation. The ability to work as a team member within the agency and the community is essential.
HRCSB is seeking a community psychiatric nurse to work in an outpatient behavioral health setting with clients who have a mental health, substance use, or intellectual disability diagnosis. The incumbent will work as a member of the medical team with psychiatrists, nurse practitioners and other nurses and in collaboration with other agency personnel. Major duties include direct client care, medication procurement and administration of injectable medication, venipuncture, and documentation according to agency standards. Requires graduation from an accredited nursing program and licensed as a practical nurse or registered nurse in the State of Virginia with experience in psychiatric nursing preferred.
Provide crisis intervention, information, referral and/or prescreening for emergency hospitalization to individuals by telephone or face-to face who are experiencing a mental health or substance abuse emergency. Requires a Master's degree in a relevant human services field, with eligibility for LCSW or LPC in Virginia. Supervision for professional licensure with Virginia Board of Counseling (LPC) or Social Work (LCSW) provided as part of benefit package. Will receive on the job, specialized training to qualify as Certified Prescreener. Position requires strong clinical and problem solving skills, and the ability to work independently.
Residential Hourly and Relief Staff provide direct client services to the residents of Community Services Board operated residential services. Clients are adults with mental illness who are residing in community-based residences. Position requires: working knowledge of psychology, counseling and/or social work; mental illness and substance abuse; ability to work effectively with clients and service providers in the community. Services include skill building and support in daily living skills, household management skills, supportive and/or educational counseling, client goal-setting and progress evaluation, activities to promote community integration, on-site support and emergency intervention. Services are provided 24 hours per day, 7 days a week.
HRCSB is in search of LPN, to join an interdisciplinary team at Arbor House, a 7-bed crisis stabilization program. Duties include standard nursing practices, as well as working with team of mental health professionals to ensure high quality care to those experiencing a psychiatric crisis. Value placed on person-centered care. Basic understanding of mental illness important and familiarity with commonly prescribed psychotropic medications necessary. This position was designed to incorporate opportunities for client engagement, teaching moments, and basic skill development outside of general nursing duties. Hours include overnight weekends. Current nursing license required plus one year of nursing experience in mental health setting desired. Valid Virginia driver's license required.
HRCSB is in search of LPN, to join an interdisciplinary team at Arbor House, a 7-bed crisis stabilization program. Duties include standard nursing practices, as well as working with team of mental health professionals to ensure high quality care to those experiencing a psychiatric crisis. Value placed on person-centered care. Basic understanding of mental illness important, and familiarity with commonly prescribed psychotropic medications necessary. This position was designed to incorporate opportunities for client engagement, teaching moments, and basic skill development outside of general nursing duties. Hours may include daytime, evening, weekdays, and/or weekends. Number of hours may vary. Current nursing license required plus one year of nursing experience in mental health setting desired. Valid Virginia driver's license required.
HRCSB is an Equal Opportunity Employer and maintains a Drug-Free Workplace.


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Safari Park Hotel offers a wide selection of rooms, which are larger than global standard and enjoy ensuite marble bathroom (bath and shower), wooden polished floors, antique African themed four-poster bed and furniture. Both smoking and non-smoking rooms are available.
6 Executive suites and 1 Presidential suite are spread out in 9 storey blocks, 2 floors each and have rear and front private balconies overlooking the beautifully manicured gardens. The rooms have large windows and enjoy natural light.
For the complete global connectivity, The Paradise Business Centre is fully equipped to be your office away from office/ home or just to keep in touch with the world.
Our Guest Relations Desk is strategically located at our reception entrance the Guest Relations Officer dressed in adorning African attire is available to assist with all arising matters just to ensure you experience the African Paradise.
Or you can visit our Shopping village, located within the hotel premises.
A five-star luxury hotel located 15 minutes drive from the City Centre, Nairobi. The Safari Park Hotel is off Thika Road Super highway, opposite Moi International Sports Centre, Kasarani. It is an ideal affordable stopover for tourists on Safaris to and from Mt Kenya.
The Safari Park Hotel is the top all in one entertainment spot in Nairobi. It?s a combination of a pub, discotheque, karaoke, live entertainment and Casino all within the hotel premises.
The famous Safari Cats dancers and Acrobats are unrivalled for their breath-taking 45 minutes live performance at the Nyama Choma Ranch, African Restaurant, while the live band just sets the mood for a party. If you have a passion for disco dancing, the Cats Club Discotheque is a great place to hang out and rock the night away. The Piano bar provides a cosy place to cool down with Karaoke or catch up with your favorite sports game on big screen.
They are equipped with a work desk, modem plug point with cabled and wireless internet access, Satellite TV offering the following stations: CNN, BBC, KBC, DSTV,TV5, STV, Nation TV, Citizen, CCTV and electronic safes. Amenities include tea and coffee making facilities, a refrigerated mini-bar, a hairdryer, European adapters, umbrellas and Mosquito nets. The hotel has 24 hrs concierge services.
In case of no-show and where booking is not canceled 72 hours to arrival time a no-show charge equivalent to one nights' accommodation will apply.