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Transportation in Seattle – Wikipedia
Posted on July 9, 2020, By iwano@_84
Transportation in Seattle is largely focused on the automobile much like many other cities in western North America; however Seattle is just old enough that its layout reflects the age when railways and trolleys predominated.[not verified in body] These older modes of transportation were made for a relatively well-defined downtown area and strong neighborhoods at the end of several former streetcar lines, now mostly bus lines.
Because of the isthmus-like geography of Seattle and the concentration of jobs within the city,[not verified in body] much of the transportation movement in the Seattle metropolitan area is through the city proper. North-south transportation is highly dependent on the Interstate 5 corridor, which connects the Puget Sound area with southwest Washington cities, the Portland metropolitan area, and cities to the north such as Bellingham and Vancouver, Canada. I-5 continues as British Columbia Highway 99 at the US-Canada border's Peace Arch crossing, between Blaine and Surrey. State Route 99 is also a major arterial in the western half of the city and included the now defunct Alaskan Way Viaduct along the Seattle waterfront. Because of seismic instability, the Alaskan Way Viaduct replacement tunnel was opened in place of the elevated viaduct in February 2019.
Transportation to and from the east is via State Route 520's Evergreen Point Floating Bridge and Interstate 90's Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Bridge and Third Lake Washington Bridge, all over Lake Washington. Those bridges are the first, second, and fifth longest floating bridges in the world, respectively. State Route 522 connects Seattle to its northeastern suburbs.
Two public transportation agencies serve Seattle: King County Metro, which operates local and commuter buses within King County, and Sound Transit, which operates commuter rail, light rail, and regional express buses within the greater Puget Sound region. In recent years, as Seattle's population and employment has surged, transit has played an increasingly important role in transportation within the metro area. By 2017, nearly 50% of commuters to downtown Seattle arrived via mass transit.[1]
Unlike most North American cities, water transportation remains important. Washington State Ferries, the largest ferry system in the United States and the third largest in the world, operates a passenger-only ferry from Colman Dock in Downtown to Vashon Island, car ferries from Colman Dock to Bainbridge Island and to Bremerton, and a car ferry from West Seattle to Vashon Island to Southworth. Seattle was once home to the Kalakala, a streamlined art deco-style ferry that sailed from the 1930s to the 1960s.[not verified in body]
Seattle contains most of Boeing Field, officially called King County International Airport; but most airline passengers use Seattle-Tacoma International Airport in the city of SeaTac. Seattle is also served by three Amtrak routes from the King Street Station: the Cascades, Coast Starlight, and Empire Builder lines.
Even though Seattle is old enough that railways and streetcars once dominated its transportation system, the city is now largely dominated by automobiles, but has recently started rebuilding streetcar lines and light rail routes. Seattle is also serviced by an extensive network of bus routes and two commuter rail routes connecting it to many of its suburbs.
Organized land transportation in Seattle dates back at least to 1871; by that date a wagon traveled twice daily from what is now First Avenue (near Elliott Bay) to Lake Washington; the fare was 50 cents, no small sum for that era. In 1880 a two-horse carriage carried passengers and freight from roughly today's Pioneer Square to Belltown every two hours at a fare of 12.5 cents in an open coach or 15 cents in a covered coach. This was shortly followed by similar services connecting out to Lake Union and to Madison Park on Lake Washington.[2]
Water transport was important even within what are now city limits. A steamer connected South Lake Union to Latona (between today's Lower Wallingford and the University District and another steamer crossed Green Lake.
The first street railway, Seattle Street Railway, came in 1884, with horse-drawn cars plying 3.5 miles (5.6 km) of track up today's Second Avenue to Pine Street, then up First Avenue to Battery Street.[2][3] Yesler Way and Jackson Street got their cable cars (from Pioneer Square to Lake Washington) in 1888, allowing public transportation on routes over hills too steep for horses. Electric streetcars appeared in 1889, making Seattle one of the first cities in the United States to adopt this innovation.[4][5]
The Great Seattle Fire did not slow this progress at all: by 1890, there were lines along the waterfront from South Seattle (today's South Park) to Lower Queen Anne and from the center of town to Capitol Hill, Madison Park, and Madrona.[4] These were instrumental in the creation of a relatively well-defined downtown and strong neighborhoods at the end of their lines.
At the turn of the century, the streets were so bad that a boy named Joseph Bufonchio drowned in a sink-hole at the corner of Third and Jackson. As Gordon Newell noted in 1956, contemporary reports did not seem to consider this particularly unusual.[6]
At that time, there were about 25 independent transit lines in Seattle.[citation needed] By 1907, the Seattle Electric Company, owned by Boston-based Stone and Webster, leveraged its foothold in the electric power industry to consolidate these into one operation, known after 1912 as the Puget Sound Traction, Light and Power Company. It cost a nickel to ride. Puget Sound Traction was bought out by the city in 1919 for US$15 million. However, under the city's management the streetcars chronically ran a loss (even after a 1923 fare increase to three rides for a quarter, a fare of 8-and-a-third cents), and the quality of the system deteriorated.[7]
The advent of the automobile sounded the death knell for rail in Seattle. Tacoma–Seattle railway service ended in 1929 and the Everett–Seattle service came to an end in 1939, replaced by automobiles running on the recently developed highway system. When the city received a US$10.2 million federal grant to pay off transit-related debts and modernize its transit system, rails on city streets were paved over or removed, and the opening in 1940 of the Seattle trolleybus system brought the end of streetcar service in Seattle in the early hours of April 12, 1941. This left an extensive network of buses (including 188 miles (303 km) of trolleybus lines) under an independent Municipal Transportation Commission as the only mass transit within the city and throughout the region.[8][9]
The new transit system was jammed and profitable during the gasoline and rubber rationing of World War II, but the automobile reigned supreme after the war. Fares rose to 10 cents,[10] the first of many increases that would lead to a present-day fare of $2.75.[11]
Streets, roads, and automobiles[edit]
Interstate 5 highway passing through Seattle. A large volume of southbound traffic is visible during rush hour.
Seattle set its first speed limit in the 1880s, in the days of horse-drawn vehicles. At that time, traffic in the Pioneer Square neighborhood was limited to 6 miles per hour (10 km/h).[12]
The city is described in a mid-20th-century civics textbook as "a city of islands—islands created both by water and by abrupt valleys that can be traversed only by bridges."[13] Already by 1948, 221,500 vehicles a day crossed the city's bridges across the Lake Washington Ship Canal and Duwamish River; except for the high Aurora Bridge (officially George Washington Memorial Bridge) across the Ship Canal, these were all drawbridges.[14] This was before the construction of the Interstate Highways or State Route 520; the original Lake Washington Floating Bridge (opened 1940) provided the only road out of town to the east; construction of the Alaskan Way Viaduct, the first limited access highway through the city center, was still under way.
Even with the lesser population of that time and fewer major highways, difficulty parking downtown had already become "practically an institution".[15] The total number of vehicles parking downtown in a day would already have filled a parking lot the size of downtown had they all been there at once; naturally, many of these were there only briefly for shopping. Parking meters had been introduced in the early 1940s, and multi-level parking garages provided some relief (and would later provide more), but the impact of the automobile on the city was very apparent. The city was considering various proposals, such as the establishment of large parking lots on the periphery of downtown with shuttle buses into the center. The city was seeking (and failing to get) state permission to use the right of eminent domain to acquire property for multi-level parking lots.[15] Later, in the mid-1960s, the historic Seattle Hotel building was torn down for just this purpose; the reaction against that sparked the preservationist movement for the revival of Pioneer Square, and made it clear that the city would not solve its problem by demolishing a ring around downtown.
Over 15,000 Seattleites are members of the car sharing program Zipcar (formerly Flexcar). While not all members are frequent users, as of September 2004[update] the use of these shared cars has been substantial enough to justify the purchase of over 150 cars and other light vehicles for the program, with an additional vehicle purchased approximately every ten days.[citation needed] Two other car-sharing services, Car2Go and ReachNow, operate within Seattle.
SR 99 Tunnel[edit]
Upper (southbound) deck of the SR 99 Tunnel
The Alaskan Way Viaduct replacement tunnel, also known as the SR 99 Tunnel, is a 2-mile bored double-decker highway tunnel carrying a section of State Route 99 (SR 99) under Downtown Seattle from SoDo in the south to South Lake Union in the north.
Since the 2001 Nisqually earthquake, the replacement of the Alaskan Way Viaduct has been the source of much political controversy demonstrating the Seattle process. Options for replacing the viaduct, which carried 110,000 vehicles per day, included either replacing it with a cut-and-cover tunnel, replacing it with another elevated highway, or eliminating it while modifying other surface streets and public transportation. The current plan emerged in 2009 when government officials agreed to a deep-bore tunnel.
Construction began in July 2013 using "Bertha", at the time the world's largest-diameter tunnel boring machine. After several delays, tunnel boring was completed in April 2017, and the tunnel opened to traffic on February 4, 2019.
Freeways in the metropolitan region[edit]
There are 21 different freeways and highways the make up the Seattle freeway system. They are: Interstate 5, Interstate 405, Interstate 90, Interstate 705, US 2, SR 3, SR 16, SR 18, the Alaskan Way Viaduct/SR 99, SR 167, SR 303/Waaga Way, SR 410, SR 509, SR 512, SR 518, SR 520, SR 525, SR 526, SR 599, the Port of Seattle owned Airport Expressway, and the City of Seattle owned West Seattle Freeway. Interstate 5 is the major North-South route through the region. Interstate 5 is four or five lanes for most of its way through the metro area. The freeway connects the metro area to California, Oregon, and British Columbia.
The freeway system uses ramp meters to help keep traffic moving. WSDOT uses variable message signs to let travelers know if there is an accident, to tell drivers how long their drive will be to certain areas, and for Amber Alerts. Recently, WSDOT installed variable speed signs along SR 520 and I-90 between I-5 and I-405, and along I-5 between the West Seattle Freeway and SR 520. There are also HOV lanes to move buses and carpools faster on many freeways and arterials. The HOV lanes on I-405 allow general purpose traffic to use them after 7pm (till about 5am), and the lanes on SR 167 are actually HOT lanes (carpools may use the lanes free; solo drivers can use the lanes for a variable fee). There are 225 lane miles of HOV lanes built and another 100 unbuilt. Freeway improvements are paid for by two gas taxes, 2003 Gas Tax and 2005 Gas Tax.
Interstate 5[edit]
This is Seattle's largest and widest freeway. Traffic back-ups going into Seattle from the north and south are very common during the morning and evening rush hours.
The freeway runs just east of Downtown Tacoma as it goes through the metro area. After going through Federal Way and the west side of Kent it passes by a major shopping mall, Southcenter in Tukwila, where it connects with the south terminus of Interstate 405. Then the freeway continues and passes by SeaTac International Airport in the inner southern suburbs of Seattle and passes very close to Boeing Field (also known as King County International Airport). As the freeway heads towards Downtown Seattle, reversible lanes, or express lanes, branch off the mainline and continue north through the city. The express lanes carry southbound traffic in the morning and northbound traffic in the afternoon. The Express Lanes merge with the main line in the Northgate area of North Seattle. After that, I-5 continues north through the cities of Shoreline, Mountlake Terrace, and Lynnwood. In Lynnwood it merges with Interstate 405 again. It continues north to the last large city in Seattle Metro area, Everett. It was built in South Tacoma between 1955 and 1957, North Tacoma to Kent between 1959 and 1961, between Kent and downtown Seattle in 1966, from downtown Seattle to Roanoke Street in 1964, from Roanoke Street to Lake City Way/SR 522 in 1960, and north of there to Everett in 1964.
Interstate 90[edit]
This freeway goes east out of Seattle, eventually terminating in Boston. The freeway was originally built in 1940 from Rainier Avenue to Issaquah. It passes through the Eastside's largest city, Bellevue, and skirts the north side of Factoria Mall in Bellevue, where it interchanges with the north-south Interstate 405. Then the freeway continues east and passes through Issaquah, Snoqualmie, and North Bend before climbing into the Cascade Mountains. The freeway originally consisted of four lanes, and crossed the Lacey V. Murrow Floating Bridge. In the early 1950s, an interchange was built at Rainier Avenue and the highway extended 1 mile closer to Seattle's city centre along "Corwin Place". In the early 1960s, traffic congestion forced the Department of Highways to institute a tidal flow system, in which three lanes, controlled by overhead signals went into Seattle in the morning, and the toward Bellevue in the afternoon. In 1968, improvements to the east of Mercer Island were made; the highway was widened to up to 6 lanes in each direction and the interchange with I-405 was upgraded from a cloverleaf to a fully directional interchange. Litigation kept the 7-mile section between Bellevue and Interstate 5 from being upgraded until the 1980s, at which time a new bridge from the Eastside to Mercer Island was built and the dangerous "bulge" was removed from the Lacey V. Murrow Floating Bridge. In 1990, the renovations/widening of the freeway were completed, including the new Homer M. Hadley Memorial Bridge over Lake Washington to carry westbound traffic and the HOV/reversible lanes, or express lanes, from Bellevue to Seattle, with general-purpose traffic allowed to use the reversible lanes in between Mercer Island and Seattle. The express lanes carry westbound traffic in the morning and eastbound traffic in the afternoon. Further improvements are now being made to put HOV lanes in both outer roadways to ready the center roadway for Sound Transit's Link light rail.
Interstate 405[edit]
Interstate 405 begins in Tukwila at I-5, SR 518, and Westfield Southcenter, and continues east through Renton and then turns north and runs through Bellevue, Kirkland, and Bothell, before turning northwest and crossing I-5 in Lynnwood (near Alderwood Mall), where it becomes SR 525, a freeway for its first few miles. I-405 was built in stages between 1955 and 1968, with a major upgrade north of Bellevue to Bothell in 1972. HOV lanes were added in the 1980s and 1990s, the interchange between I-405 and SR 520 was upgraded in the early 1990s, and new ramps have been added in downtown Bellevue in recent years to supplement the original interchange at NE 8th Street.
SR 520[edit]
SR 520 begins in Seattle at I-5 and continues east across Lake Washington on the Evergreen Point Bridge through Bellevue, interchanges with I-405, then turns northeast, passes the main Microsoft campus (which funded an overpass at NE 36th St and an interchange at NE 40th to supplement the existing interchange at NE 51st St), and terminates in Redmond at SR 202. The section between I-5 and Bellevue Way was opened in 1963, with the interchange at I-405 built in 1966. It was further extended to it current terminus between 1973 and 1982. The Washington State Department of Transportation is currently widening the freeway on the Eastside, modifying interchanges, and moving the HOV lanes to the inside of the roadway.
SR 167, also known as the Valley Freeway, begins in Renton at I-405 and continues south through Kent, Auburn, where it interchanges with SR 410, Pacific, and Algona, then interchanges with SR 410, and currently terminates at SR 161. The Valley Freeway was built in stages between 1964 and 1977, with a major upgrade of its southern end in 1986. The Washington State Department of Transportation is currently planning to extend the freeway to Tacoma. SR 167 has HOV lanes between I-405 and SR 18 which also allow single-passenger vehicles to use them for a variable fee, also known as HOT lanes.
SR 99/SR 599[edit]
SR 99/SR 599, parts of which are also known as West Marginal Way, begins in Tukwila at I-5 and continues north to the First Avenue South Bridge, where it interchanges with SR 509, then continues as a surface street (East Marginal Way) for a few miles, then, adjacent to CenturyLink Field, becomes the SR 99 Tunnel. This tunnel passes under downtown Seattle and emerges in South Lake Union as Aurora Avenue, a divided expressway (partial control of access with interchanges) until Green Lake, where it becomes a surface street again. SR 599 was built in 1968, the freeway portion of SR 99 was built in 1956 as was the First Avenue South Bridge (a second structure was built next to the first in the early 1990s), and the Alaskan Way Viaduct was open in 1952, with an extension open in 1959, until its closure and demolition in 2019. North of that, Aurora Avenue was built in 1932, including the cantilever/truss George Washington Memorial Bridge.
West Seattle Freeway[edit]
The West Seattle Freeway begins in Seattle at I-5 and continues west, where it interchanges with SR 99 and terminates at a signal at Fauntleroy Way SW and 35th Avenue SW. The West Seattle Freeway was built in 1941, and the high-level bridge opened in 1984 and the roadway was widened in 2012 between I-5 and SR 99.
Other freeways[edit]
Most of the other freeways in the Seattle area are two lanes in each direction and generally travel in a north/south direction, with the exceptions of US 2, SR 410, SR 512, SR 518, SR 526, and Waaga Way. SR 16 is signed east-west but it travels mostly north-south.
Mass transit[edit]
Seattle public buses at a base. Buses with the green-and-yellow livery and blue-and-yellow livery are King County Metro buses; the bus with the white-and-blue livery is a Sound Transit bus.
Two public transportation agencies serve the city of Seattle: King County Metro Transit and Sound Transit. Snohomish County's Community Transit also runs bus routes to Downtown Seattle and the University of Washington. Sound Transit is the regional transit authority, commissioned by voters in 1996 to build a system of light rail, express buses, and commuter rail within the Central Puget Sound area. The agency provides a number of regional express bus routes connecting Seattle with neighboring suburbs and cities. Its Sounder commuter rail system consists of two lines, linking Seattle with Tacoma along its Southern run and Seattle with Everett along its Northern run. Several stations in intermediate cities along the lines are also served. The light rail system, called Link Light Rail, includes the initial 15.7-mile (25.3 km) Central Link from downtown Seattle to Sea-Tac Airport, which began service in 2009. A 3.15-mile (5.07 km) extension to the University of Washington called University Link began service in 2016. Future extensions approved by voters in 2008 are planned to connect the University of Washington to Northgate, Lynnwood and other areas to the north; east across Lake Washington to Bellevue and Redmond; and south to Federal Way. The Sound Transit 3 ballot measure, passed in 2016, will further expand the system both regionally and within the city, with service to Tacoma, Everett, Issaquah, south Kirkland, and to the neighborhoods Ballard and West Seattle.
ORCA readers at the Chinatown-International District station.
The Downtown Seattle Transit Tunnel is a 1.3-mile tunnel under downtown built in 1987 to relieve bus congestion along surface streets. The tunnel was retrofitted from 2005 to 2007 to accommodate light rail, and in 2009, Link light rail trains began serving tunnel stations as part of the initial Central Link segment. All tunnel bus routes were rerouted to surface streets in 2019 to make way for the demolition of Convention Place Station, making the tunnel an exclusive subway for Link trains within the city core.[16] Above the tunnel, 3rd Avenue through downtown serves as a major bus arterial, with access restricted to buses only during peak commuting hours.[17]
The city is currently in the process of expanding a modern streetcar network. In December 2007, the city inaugurated its South Lake Union Streetcar line between Westlake Center and stops in the South Lake Union neighborhood. In 2009, the Seattle city council approved a second line, the First Hill Streetcar, to connect First Hill to Link light rail at Capitol Hill and International District/Chinatown stations. The line began service in 2016 after two years of delays.[18] Metro Transit also operated a historic Waterfront Streetcar line that ran along Alaskan Way, but the streetcar's maintenance barn was demolished to make room for the Olympic Sculpture Park, resulting in the subsequent closure of the line. King County Metro now operates a replacement bus line that mirrors the route.[citation needed] The proposed City Center Connector project would connect the South Lake Union and First Hill streetcars into a single line with a routing along 1st Avenue in Downtown Seattle.
In 2009, the ORCA Card was introduced as a new way for fare payment between the seven transit agencies in the Puget Sound region. The card uses RFID technology to handle payment from either passes, vouchers, or the E-purse, a stored value debit account. ORCA's precursor, PugetPass, will be retained as one of the several passes that can be loaded automatically onto the card. The system also calculates transfers for a two-hour window for those paying with the E-purse.
The Seattle Center Monorail, constructed for the Century 21 Exposition, runs approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) between Seattle Center in Lower Queen Anne and Westlake Center in Downtown.
Metro Transit offers a trip planner on its web site that provides information for public transit in Seattle and surrounding areas (King, Pierce, and Snohomish counties), including Sound Transit's Regional Express bus routes, Sounder commuter rail, Washington State Ferries, and the Seattle Center Monorail. Riders enter their intended origin and destination, along with optional time, date, and other information, and the trip planner displays itineraries showing the stops, departure and arrival times, and times to get from the origin to the destination. Metro Transit uploads their route schedules to Google and this has spawned a new generation of trip planners such as TransitTrips. BoltBus began offering Seattle's first curbside intercity coach service in May 2012, with Portland as its first destination.[19]
Public transportation statistics[edit]
According to Moovit, the average amount of time users in the Seattle area spend commuting with public transit on a weekday was 74 min. 27% of public transit riders, ride for more than 2 hours every day. The average amount of time people wait at a stop or station for public transit is 14 min, while 22% of riders wait for over 20 minutes on average every day. The average distance people usually ride in a single trip with public transit is 12.5 km, while 34% travel for over 12 km in a single direction. [20]
Bicycle[edit]
There are extensive multi-use car-free regional pathways linking the city and county to the surrounding areas, including the King County Regional Trails System, which has 175 miles (282 km) of trails throughout the county.[21] Many of the trails were converted from former railways, including the popular Burke-Gilman Trail. The Seattle Department of Transportation aims to develop a 608.3-mile (979.0 km) network of bike lanes, including lanes on streets, protected bike lanes, and trails, within the city by 2034.[22] An urban bike sharing system, named Pronto Cycle Share, was launched in October 2014 and discontinued in March 2017.[23] A pilot program allowing private dockless bike sharing companies to operate within the city began in July 2017, making Seattle the first major city in North America to feature such a system.[24]
Airports[edit]
The city's primary commercial airport is Seattle–Tacoma International Airport, locally known as Sea-Tac Airport and located in the city of SeaTac, which is named for the airport. It is operated by the Port of Seattle and is served by a number of airlines connecting the region with international, national, and domestic destinations. The airport is a major hub for Delta Air Lines as well as Alaska Airlines and its regional subsidiary, Horizon Air.
Paine Field in Everett also began operating flights in February 2019 following the construction of a two gate passenger terminal. It receives a limited number of daily flights from Alaska Airlines and United Airlines.
Closer to downtown, Boeing Field is used for general aviation, cargo flights, and testing/delivery of Boeing airliners. In 2005, Southwest Airlines requested permission to move passenger operations from Sea–Tac to Boeing Field but were turned down by the county.[25]
Peterson, Lorin; Davenport, Noah C. (1950). "Living in Seattle". Seattle: Seattle Public Schools. CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Newell, Gordon (1956). "Totem Tales of Old Seattle". Seattle: Superior Publishing Company. CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
^ Schmitt, Angie (February 10, 2017). "Downtown Seattle Added 45,000 Jobs and Hardly Any Car Commuters". StreetsBlog USA. Retrieved April 21, 2017.
^ a b Peterson & Davenport 1950, p. 144
^ Newell 1956, pp. 73–74
^ Newell 1956, pp. 73–74. Newell also writes that the entrepreneur of both the first horse-drawn streetcars and the first electric streetcars was Frank Osgood from Boston; his partners in the enterprise were Seattle pioneer David Denny and Judge Thomas Burke.
^ Newell 1956, p. 106
^ Peterson & Davenport 1950, pp. 145–146
^ Walt Crowley (September 19, 2000). "Interurban Rail Transit in King County and the Puget Sound Region – A Snapshot History". HistoryLink.org. Retrieved September 29, 2007.
^ Peterson & Davenport 1950, p. 148
^ "What to pay". King County. June 15, 2018. Retrieved October 1, 2018.
^ Peterson & Davenport 1950, p. 50
^ a b Peterson & Davenport 1950, p. 53
^ "Downtown Seattle Transit Tunnel". March 23, 2019. Retrieved July 14, 2019.
^ Gilmore, Susan (July 27, 2007). "Third Avenue to stay bus-only during rush hour after tunnel reopens". The Seattle Times. Retrieved April 23, 2017.
^ Lindblom, Mike (January 22, 2016). "Seattle's First Hill Streetcar to open Saturday with free rides". Seattle Times. Retrieved April 21, 2017.
^ Lindblom, Mike (May 7, 2012). "Low-cost bus line to Portland on track to compete against Amtrak". Seattle Times. Retrieved May 8, 2012.
^ "Seattle–Tacoma–Bellevue, WA Public Transportation Statistics". Global Public Transit Index by Moovit. Retrieved June 19, 2017. Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
^ "Give us your best shot: King County Parks wants trail photos for new regional trail map" (Press release). Department of Natural Resources and Parks. February 28, 2014. Retrieved September 15, 2015.
^ Seattle Bicycle Master Plan, April 2014 (PDF) (Report). Seattle Department of Transportation. March 21, 2014. p. iii. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 24, 2014. Retrieved September 15, 2015.
^ Trujillo, Joshua (October 13, 2014). "Seattle bike share kicks off". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Hearst Corporation. Retrieved September 15, 2015.
^ "Free-Floating Bike Share". Seattle.gov. Seattle Department of Transportation. Retrieved March 9, 2018.
^ Jennifer Langston; Gordy Holt (October 12, 2005). "Plan won't fly: Sims kills Southwest's Boeing Field hopes". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved October 19, 2007.
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text:
Q: Advanced Linear Algebra resources for a newbie At work I'm leveraging some linear algebra concepts that I don't feel confident with or plainly don't understand. I'm hoping to find a book which would help me with that.
I'm using stuffs like:

*

*projecting or intersecting lines on a plane

*fitting a plane to points with svd or ransac (not even sure what makes the most sense)

*calculating planarity of depthmap based on 3x3 structure tensor's eigenvalues (I see eigenvalues being used everywhere without understanding why they can be used in such way)

Can you think about a book or some online resource which would cover such topics in a fun and simple way? French/English are ok, I would love if it could includes python snippets but I'm afraid I'm asking too much
Thanks!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


With its start in 1998, Tintex has flown across the last 20 years on the wings of innovation and sustainability. The two next decades should keep the emphasis on responsible innovation, always with the doors open to the world, including new R&D projects and an online store.
«Tintex was born to create differentiated products», states the CEO Mário Jorge Silva, and it was how it has grown. First, finishing fabrics with a fibre that was taking its first steps at the time, Lyocell, in 2000, and after with the incursion on fibres considered to be more sustainable, like corn fibre, soy and bamboo, and more recently with the acquisition of GOTS certification for the organic cotton. Along the way, Tintex always sought to be more than a specialist in textile ennoblement, becoming a company that makes finished fabrics, with its own collections focused Fashion, but also fabrics focused on technical textiles, that already earned awards.
«20 years ago, I expected many different paths, but I didn't expected being on such technical path and, luckily, on the spotlight. We are proud to say that we find ourselves among the best in Europe», states Mário Jorge Silva.
Innovation has paved this route, as well as the investment in new technologies (that in the last 7 years ascended to 7 million), like the mercerization and coating lines, being the ladder «unique in the world, because it fits inside a new type of water-based coating on knits», states Ricardo Silva, the second generation of Tintex's administration board. Although technical textiles are the natural market for this technology, fashion is being drawn by the possibilities offered by this type of coating. «We have ongoing projects with different Brands and customers on the development on completely unique materials. It is not a "natural" market, but a market that we've been exploring, always together with the Brand, to bring a differentiated value to the consumer», explains Ricardo Silva to Portugal Têxtil. «We can be referring to outer Jackets or leggings, but they are materials never seen before. We use natural materials with coating on top - can be elastic, water repellent, windproof,… - always granting some differentiating technical or aesthetical property.», states..
At Tintex, where 126 people work, there's a Research and Development core, born this year, and a group of 12 people dedicated to innovation, not only on the short-run but also on the medium and long-run. «They are people that do not produce, but that bring, in my opinion, a greater future value», believes the administrator.
Among the ongoing R&D projects we can find PICASSO, for the development of natural dyeing processes, through the use of plants or mushrooms, which results should get to the market in a one-year time; a vegan leather project, led by Têxteis Penedo that brings together Sedacor, CenTI, Citeve and CTIC - Technological Centre of leather Industries, and another that involves Fibrenamics platforms and intends to create materials that respond to nature's stimuli. «With the projects in which we are involved and including the other three to which we applied, we have an investment of over 2 million Euros», states Mário Jorge Silva to Portugal Têxtil.
Side by side with innovation, Tintex has been recognized as a company commited with sustainability, being invited to the Ellen MacArthur's "Make Fashion Circular" project, led by Ellen MacArthur's Foundation. «It's a project at a global scale, involving Brands, retailers, material producers like us, which goal is to bring different individual visions that come together in a way to make fashion circular.», explains Ricardo Silva. «We are the only Portuguese company and also, so far, the only knit producer integrating the group, worldwide.», underlines Mário Jorge Silva.
With a shipping capacity of 100 tons/month of finished product, Tintex now has HATA as a partner, a knitting company founded by Mário Jorge Silva that follows the same line as Tintex. «HATA's goal doesn't rest upon volume, but on technological differentiation», acknowledges Ricardo Silva. «The purpose of HATA is to produce different fabrics, very fine gauges, that cannot be found on the Portuguese market and besides that, also help to provide a very fast response on the development of samples.», clarifies Mário Jorge Silva to Portugal Têxtil.
With the goal to grow 20% until 2020 and the perspective of closing 2018 with a volume of 13 million Euros, the most immediate future of Tintex passes through communication, an area where there has been a strong investment, namely in International Tradeshows and in Branding next to the customers, and also by an online marketplace, that should be launched in September to «provide a different answer to the consumer's demand, young designers, younger brands. We want to answer the demands of the biggest amount of people possible», admits Ricardo Silva. On the long-run, the certainty is that the path initiated in 1998 should continue over the next years. «We will always have this focus, we don't know how the global market will adapt, but we will always keep responsible innovation. Innovation at the highest level, always one step ahead, we want to influence increasingly the projects, work with our strongest customers. Our positioning, from where I see Tintex in the next three, ten, twenty years, is as the ideal partner to those who aim to make always better», insures the administrator.


Conquer the day in a bouncy, stretchy gladiator-style athleisure sandal you slip on and just go. With a metallic sheen and studs accents, the Sasha pairs with so much more than a sneaker does, and yet it feels as comfortable as one.
It is a perfect summer sandal. It is open and comfortable for walking. I have a hard time finding comfortable shoes, but this is a find. Width is just right. I need wide and it is a perfect fit.
I own several pairs of Bzees shoes but this is a new style. I get so many comments on this shoe every time I wear them. They are a cross between gold and silver and they can be worn with any color.
I just received my sandals today and they are prettier than what I thought. My ususal 7 1/2 was not available so I ordered 7 w and the fit was good. I would love to have another pain in a different color.
The height of the heel for my age 63 was a little too high, I was concerned i would fall off, plus the width was too wide, but overall these sandals are beautiful and were so comfy either than they were too wide.
Runs wide and larger that regular sizing. Unfortunately had to return it due to size; big.


text:
Q: Stored Procedure returns Empty result set on Optional paramaters When I pass all the values required in query in return correct results. But when I only pass the ID, I get an empty result set. Shouldn't it be ignore the type in that case and still return the correct values?
Can you help me out with this and point out the issues in the query.
SELECT 'elementary_school' AS type, elementary_school AS obj, COUNT(*) AS count
FROM data
WHERE data.report_id = ReportId
AND (data.book_section = type
     OR data.book_section IS NULL
     OR data.book_section = ''
    )
GROUP BY elementary_school

UNION

SELECT 'middle_school' AS type, middle_school AS obj, COUNT(*) AS count
FROM data
WHERE data.report_id = ReportId
AND (data.book_section = type
     OR data.book_section IS NULL
     OR data.book_section = ''
    )
 GROUP BY  middle_school

UNION

SELECT 'high_school' AS type, high_school AS obj, COUNT(*) AS count
FROM data
WHERE data.report_id = ReportId
AND (data.book_section = type
     OR data.book_section IS NULL
     OR data.book_section = ''
    )
GROUP BY high_school

UNION

SELECT 'lot_sqft' AS type, lot_sqft AS obj, COUNT(*) AS count
FROM data
WHERE data.report_id = ReportId
AND (data.book_section = type
     OR data.book_section IS NULL
     OR data.book_section = ''
    )
GROUP BY lot_sqft

ORDER BY count, type

A: You can simplify the query:
SELECT t.type,
        (CASE WHEN t.type = 'elementary_school' THEN elementary_school
              WHEN t.type = 'middle_school' THEN middle_school
              WHEN t.type = 'high_school' THEN high_school
              WHEN t.type = 'lot_sqft' THEN lot_sqft

         END) AS obj, COUNT(*) AS count
FROM data d CROSS JOIN
     (SELECT 'elementary_school' AS type UNION ALL
      SELECT 'middle_school' AS type UNION ALL
      SELECT 'high_school' AS type UNION ALL
      SELECT 'lot_sqft' AS type
     ) t
WHERE d.report_id = @ReportId AND
      (d.book_section = @type OR
       d.book_section IS NULL OR
       d.book_section = ''
      )
GROUP BY t.type. obj;

I have highlighted what seem to be "parameters" using @ to clarify that they are parameters and not columns in tables.
If you want to check for a NULL value, then change the logic to:
WHERE (d.report_id = @ReportId OR @ReportId IS NULL) AND
      (d.book_section = @type OR
       d.book_section IS NULL OR
       d.book_section = ''
      )

A: Well, It was a silly but honest mistake. I was able to figure it out myself. The problem was I was checking if the column was null or empty but not checking on the value I passed. So it would be something like as follows:
AND (data.book_section = type
 OR data.book_section IS NULL
 OR data.book_section = ''
)

Converted To:
AND (data.book_section = type
 OR type IS NULL
 OR type = ''
)

As I only want to check if it was the 'type' which I'm passing a param is empty or null. Anyways way thanks for everyone who tried to help. Cheers.


text:
Jayneelbhai Patel
Student at University of Arkansas at Little Rock
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Patel named to fall 2018 Chancellor's List at UA Little Rock
Jayneelbhai Patel of North Little Rock, AR, has been named to the fall 2018 Chancellor's List at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock. UA Little Rock recognizes superior academic performance ...
January, 30 2019 - University of Arkansas at Little Rock
Jayneelbhai Patel enrolls at UA Little Rock for Fall 2018 Semester
Jayneelbhai Patel of North Little Rock, AR, has enrolled at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock for the fall 2018 semester. UA Little Rock is a metropolitan research university that provides...
October, 16 2018 - University of Arkansas at Little Rock
Jayneelbhai Patel enrolls at UA Little Rock for Spring 2018 Semester
Jayneelbhai Patel of North Little Rock, AR, was among more than 11,000 students to enroll in the University of Arkansas at Little Rock for the spring 2018 semester. UA Little Rock is a metropolita...
March, 08 2018 - University of Arkansas at Little Rock
Jayneelbhai Patel named to Fall 2017 Dean's List
Jayneelbhai Patel of North Little Rock, AR, was named to the University of Arkansas at Little Rock's fall 2017 Dean's List. To be included, students must have at least nine credit hours with a gra...
February, 23 2018 - University of Arkansas at Little Rock
Jayneelbhai Patel named to Fall 2017 Chancellor's List
Jayneelbhai Patel of North Little Rock, AR, was named to the University of Arkansas at Little Rock's fall 2017 chancellor's list. To be eligible, students must have at least nine credit hours with...
Jayneelbhai Patel named to UA Little Rock spring 2017 dean's list
Jayneelbhai Patel was named to the University of Arkansas at Little Rock dean's list for the spring 2017 semester. Students who have had superior academic performance in a semester are recognized ...
May, 30 2017 - University of Arkansas at Little Rock
Jayneelbhai Patel named to the spring 2017 chancellor's list
Jayneelbhai Patel has been named to the spring 2017 chancellor's list at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock. UA Little Rock recognizes superior academic performance each semester during whi...
Jayneelbhai Patel named to the Fall 2016 UA Little Rock Chancellor's List
Jayneelbhai Patel has been named to the Fall 2016 Chancellor's List at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock. UA Little Rock recognizes superior academic performance at the end of each semeste...
Jayneelbhai Patel named to the UA Little Rock Fall 2016 Dean's List
The University of Arkansas at Little Rock has announced that Jayneelbhai Patel was named to the Dean's List for the fall 2016 semester. Students who have had superior academic performance in a sem...
Jayneelbhai Patel enrolls for the spring 2017 semester
University of Arkansas at Little Rock is pleased to announce Jayneelbhai Patel is enrolled for the spring 2017 semester.
Jayneelbhai was awarded this badge for 3 achievements. Click on the stories below to view them.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Tag: Political parties
A Tale of Two Illiberalisms: Why Is Poland Failing Where Hungary Succeeded?
Post author By Anna Grzymala-Busse
2 Comments on A Tale of Two Illiberalisms: Why Is Poland Failing Where Hungary Succeeded?
Courtesy of Walkerssk/Pixabay
This article was originally published by IPI Global Observatory on 2 August 2017.
The European Union has threatened to sanction Poland unless it drops legal reforms that undermine the independence of its judiciary. The Polish legislation mirrors earlier changes in Hungary, leading many analysts to draw parallels between the broader challenges to liberal democracy by the two regimes.
There are certainly similarities between the goals and rhetoric of Fidesz, the ruling party in Hungary since 2010, and PiS (Law and Justice), in power in Poland since 2015. Both appear to be following the same template: First, target the highest courts and the judiciary, then restrict the independence of the media and civil society, and finally transform the constitutional framework and electoral laws in ways that enshrine their hold on power. Viktor Orban of Fidesz and Jaroslaw Kaczynski of PiS share the same goals, have had lengthy meetings together, and have repeatedly vowed to protect each other from potential EU sanctions.
Continue reading "A Tale of Two Illiberalisms: Why Is Poland Failing Where Hungary Succeeded?"
Tags Hungary, Liberal Democracy, Government, Political parties, Rule of law, Poland, Politics
Europe in the German Federal Elections: What Do the Manifestos Say?
Post author By Christel Zunneberg
No Comments on Europe in the German Federal Elections: What Do the Manifestos Say?
Image courtesy of Thomas Dämmrich/Flickr. (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
This article was originally published by the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR) on 26 July 2017.
Here we compare the parties' positions on the four core EU policy domains: common security and defence, migration, financial, and trade policy.
How does Europe feature in the German elections? How do Chancellor Angela Merkel's Christian Democrats (CDU), Martin Schulz' social democrats (SPD), the Greens (Bündnis90/Die Grünen), the business-friendly free democrats (FDP), the left party (Die Linke), and the right-wing Alternative for Germany (AfD) aim to reshape four core EU policy domains: common security and defence, migration, financial and trade policy? A comparison of their election manifestos provides some first answers to these questions.
Nearly all established parties running for the coming Bundestagswahl on 24 September have adopted a narrative that combines a pro-European outlook with an emphasis on the need for European reforms. Only the Eurosceptic AfD bucks the trend with its calls for a 'Dexit' referendum.
Continue reading "Europe in the German Federal Elections: What Do the Manifestos Say?"
Tags Migration Policy, Financial policy, Politics, National Elections, Common Security and Defense Policy, European Union, Trade policy, Political parties, Germany, Elections
Chávez vs UKIP? How Latin America Has Reinvigorated the European Left
Post author By Asa K Cusack
1 Comment on Chávez vs UKIP? How Latin America Has Reinvigorated the European Left
Nigel Farage, the leader of UKIP
This article was originally published by SPERI on 13 August 2014.
The numbers speak for themselves. Though currently in opposition, both its plurality in European elections and recent polling suggest that Syriza (Coalition of the Radical Left) will soon become Greece's largest political force. Only founded in March, Spain's Podemos (We Can) took five seats and 8 per cent of the vote in May's European elections. Its support now stands at 15 per cent, compared to 25 per cent apiece for the traditional parties. How did both manage it? Surprisingly, the answer is by emulating the Latin American left. Syriza leader Alexis Tsipras has undertaken numerous fact-finding missions to Venezuela over the past decade and considers Hugo Chávez a personal hero. Podemos, meanwhile, was established by a group of longstanding advisors to the governments of Bolivia, Ecuador and Venezuela, all based at Madrid's Universidad Complutense. So central has their experience been that Podemos cite 'thorough analysis and learning of recent Latin American processes' as one cornerstone of their approach.
Continue reading "Chávez vs UKIP? How Latin America Has Reinvigorated the European Left"
Tags Spain, Politics, Chavez, Far left, Radical left, Government, Elections, Political parties, Greece, Venezuela
South Africa's Growing Challenges
Post author By Bo Göransson
No Comments on South Africa's Growing Challenges
Jacob G. Zuma, President of South Africa at the World Economic Forum on Africa 2013. Image by World Economic Forum / Flickr.
The media coverage decreased in August outside the hospital in Pretoria, where Nelson Mandela was treated until he was sent home last week for the final stage of his life. Two South African television crews sat at folding tables next to their cars, looking at their computers and chatting. The outside area was full of posters, postcards and prints, all with greetings to Mandela expressing hopes for his recovery.
South Africa is waiting.
Mandela's career and personality is unique. And his role as a national and international icon has continued to grow since he finished his calling and left public life.
However, South Africa is unique in many respects. The country stands out from the rest of Africa.
Continue reading "South Africa's Growing Challenges"
Tags Corruption, Elections, South Africa, Justice, ANC, International Relations, Political parties
The Imperial Dream of the Muslim Brotherhood
Post author By Felix Imonti
No Comments on The Imperial Dream of the Muslim Brotherhood
Pro-Mursi groups and Muslim Brotherhood militias attack anti-Morsi protestors at the presidential palace in Egypt.
The end will justify the means to unite the Islamic peoples into a world of virtue and prosperity to where the Muslim Brotherhood says that it will bring them. Egypt is their launching platform. The entire Islamic world is their objective.
If they were running for office in the United States or any European country on their economic platform of job creation, the sanctity of private property, and a social safety net, they will likely win. It all sounds perfect. Then, you learn that you have just voted for the Muslim Brotherhood.
Members of the movement come from the upper levels of Egyptian society. They are the businessmen, doctors, university professors, military officers, and other professionals. Over their eighty four year history, they have infiltrated every area of government, education, and industry.
If its economic policies are all there is about the movement, it would pose no threat in the public mind. What does frighten so many is the secrecy that shields the organization from scrutiny and the negative propaganda spread by worried authoritarian regimes. Under such circumstances, it is understandable that the attacks by various governments would have forced the Brotherhood to protect itself beneath a cloak of secrecy.
They have grown in societies that are authoritarian, corrupt, and have shown little inclination to invest in the development of the society. Saudi Arabia has a quarter of its youth unemployed in spite of the wealth generated by the vast oil resources. Beyond the petroleum industry, the Kingdom has done little to expand its economy in order to absorb the coming generation: and that is true of most of the region where sixty-five percent of the population is under the age of twenty-nine years.
Continue reading "The Imperial Dream of the Muslim Brotherhood"
Tags Egypt, Political parties, Political crisis


In 2018, the NXT universe witnessed some of the greatest matches in NXT Takeover history! Now you can relive the hottest rivalries and watch the fastest rising super stars in Sports Entertainment. Featuring Tommaso Ciampa, Johny Gargano, Velveteen Dream, Ricochet and more!


WeWork and Bunker Labs Detroit invite you to the capstone event for the Winter 2019 WeWork Veterans In Residence Powered by Bunker Labs tribe.
Veterans in Residence offers the United States military veterans and spouses fully-sponsored workspaces to help entrepreneurs build and grow their businesses. The capstone event will celebrate the work of the Veterans in Residence tribe over the last six months.
Veterans in the tribe will briefly provide an update on what they have accomplished over the during their residency, the future of their entrepreneurial ventures, and any support they need going forward. Each veteran will also have a booth highlighting their company. Delicious food and beverages will be served.
The capstone event will be held at the will be hosted at WeWork .
The WeWork Veterans in Residence program powered by Bunker Labs provides fully sponsored workspace to tribes of 10 veterans across 14 cities every six months. Veterans and military family members should apply to their nearest city. WeWork is also proud to announce our commitment to hiring 1500 veterans over the next five years and will support member companies in hiring veterans as well.
For more information, visit we.co/veterans.


text:
package ca.uwaterloo.gsd.rangeFix
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter
import java.lang.Runtime
import java.io.InputStreamReader
import java.io.BufferedReader
import java.io.BufferedWriter
import java.io.Writer
import java.io.FileWriter
import scala.collection._

trait TraceWriter {
  def write(content:String)
  def flush()
}

class EnabledTraceWriter(w:Writer) extends TraceWriter {
  def write(content:String) = {
    val f = new FileWriter(TraceWriter.fileName, true)
    f.write(content)
    f.close
    w.write(content)
  }

  def flush() = w.flush()
}

class DisabledTraceWriter(w:Writer) extends TraceWriter {
  def write(content:String) = { w.write(content) }
  def flush() = w.flush()
}

object TraceWriter {
  var fileName:String = "temp.txt"
  var traceEnabled = false
}

class Z3 {
  val fixedParams = Array(CompilationOptions.Z3_PATH, "-in", "-smt2")
  val parameters = if (CompilationOptions.THREAD_NUMBER == 1) fixedParams else fixedParams ++ List("PAR_NUM_THREADS=" + CompilationOptions.THREAD_NUMBER)
  val p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(parameters)
  val orgWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(p.getOutputStream()))
  val writer = if (TraceWriter.traceEnabled) new EnabledTraceWriter(orgWriter) else new DisabledTraceWriter(orgWriter)
  val reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()))

  def declareVariables(vars: Iterable[(String, SMTType)]) {
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    for (v <- vars) {
      assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
      writer.write("(declare-const ")
      writer.write(v._1 + " "
		   + v._2.toString);
      writer.write(")\n")
      assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    }
    // writer.flush()
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
  }

  // assuming no string
  def assertConstraint(constraint: SMTExpression) {
    assertConstraint(constraint.toString)
  }

  def assertConstraint(constraint: String) {
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    // println("### asserting ### " + constraint)
    writer.write("(assert " + constraint + ")\n")
    assert(reader.ready() == false, constraint + " => " + reader.readLine())

  }

  def assertNamedConstraint(constraint:SMTExpression, name:String) {
    assertNamedConstraint(constraint.toString, name)
  }

  def assertNamedConstraint(constraint:String, name:String) {
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    writer.write("(assert (! " + constraint + " :named " + name + "))\n")
    // writer.flush()
    assert(reader.ready() == false)
  }

  def declareTypes(types: Iterable[SMTType]) {
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    val texts = types.map(_.toDeclaration).filter(_ != "")
    if (texts.size == 0) return
    writer.write("(declare-datatypes () (" + texts.reduceLeft(_ + _) + "))\n")
    // writer.flush()
    assert(reader.ready() == false)
  }

  def declareFunc(func: SMTFuncDefine) {
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    writer.write(func.toDefString + "\n")
    // writer.flush()
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)

  }

  def push() {
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    writer.write("(push)\n")
    // writer.flush()
    assert(reader.ready() == false)
  }

  def pop() {
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    writer.write("(pop)\n")
    // writer.flush()
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
  }

  def checkSat(): Boolean = {
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    writer.write("(check-sat)\n")
    writer.flush()
    val line = reader.readLine();
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    if (line == "sat") true
    else {
      assert(line == "unsat", line)
      false
    }
  }

  def enableUnsatCore() {
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    writer.write("(set-option :produce-unsat-cores true)\n")
    // writer.flush()
    assert(reader.ready() == false)
  }

  def getMinimalUnsatCore(vars: Iterable[String]): Option[Traversable[String]] =
  {
    val core = getUnsatCore(vars)
    if (core.isDefined) {
      var toTest = core.get
      val newCore = mutable.ListBuffer[String]()
      while (toTest.size > 0) {
	push()
	try {
	  // assert vars except toTest.head
	  def assertVar(v:String) { assertNamedConstraint(v, exprNamePrefix + v) }
	  newCore foreach assertVar
	  toTest.tail foreach assertVar

	  // if toTest.head is part of the minimal core
	  if (checkSat) newCore += toTest.head

	  // remove toTest.head
	  toTest = toTest.tail
	}
	finally {
	  pop()
	}
      }
      Some(newCore)
    }
    else core
  }

  val exprNamePrefix = "__ex__"
  def getUnsatCore(vars: Iterable[String]): Option[Traversable[String]] =
  {
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    push()
    try {
      for (v <- vars)
      assertNamedConstraint(v, exprNamePrefix + v)
      if (checkSat) {
	None
      }
      else {
	val result = getUnsatCore()
	result.map(_.map(name => {assert(name.size > exprNamePrefix.size, name); name.substring(exprNamePrefix.size)}))
      }
    }
    finally {
      pop()
      assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    }
  }

  // None means sat
  def getUnsatCore(): Option[Traversable[String]] = {
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    // println("### get-core ### " + varstr)
    writer.write("(get-unsat-core)\n")
    writer.flush()
    val line = reader.readLine()
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    val pattern = "(error \"line \\d+ column \\d+: unsat core is not available\")".r
    // println("### result ### " + line)
    if (pattern.findFirstIn(line) == line) return None
    assert(line.length() >= 2, line)
    assert(!line.startsWith("(error "), line)
    val trimmedLine = line.substring(1, line.length - 1)
    if (trimmedLine.size == 0) Some(List()) else Some(trimmedLine.split(" "))
  }

  //wj begin

  def getValValueMap(): (String,String) = {
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    writer.write("(get-model)\n")
    writer.flush()
    var strline:StringBuffer=new StringBuffer(80)
    var flag=true
    var n = false
    var r = false
    var braceNum=0
    var group=0
    while (flag) {
      val character = reader.read()
      if (!n && character.toChar == '\n')
        n = true
      if (!r && character.toChar == '\r')
        r = true
      if (character.toChar == '(')
        braceNum = braceNum + 1
      else if (character.toChar == ')') {
        braceNum = braceNum - 1
        if (braceNum == 0) { //括号匹配完成,读取输入结束
          //两个read将换行符和回车符读进来
          if (n)
            reader.read()
          if (r)
            reader.read()
          flag = false
        } else if (braceNum == 1)
          group = group + 1
      }
      if (character != 13 && character != 10) { //非换行符非回车符
        strline.append(character.toChar)
      }
    }
    val line = strline.toString()
    assert(reader.ready() == false, reader.readLine)
    (line.substring(9, line.length - 1), group.toString)
  }
  //wj end

  def exit() {
    writer.write("(exit)\n")
    try{
      writer.flush()
    }
    catch{
      case _ => //may have been closed
    }
    p.waitFor()
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Batista attacks Ric Flair on Raw to set up program with Triple H
Comments Off on Batista attacks Ric Flair on Raw to set up program with Triple H
The Ric Flair 70th birthday party on Raw turned out to be anything but a party thanks to the returning Batista.
With Triple H, Stephanie McMahon, Shawn Michaels, Kurt Angle, Ricky Steamboat, and Sting waiting in the ring and all the Raw Superstars on the top of the ramp, Flair never made his way out after his famous theme song kicked in.
WWE cameras then cut to backstage where Batista hijacked a WWE cameraman in front of Flair's locker room. He slammed the door shut and after a few seconds, the former World Heavyweight champion dragged Flair's body outside the room.
"Hey Hunter, do I have your attention now?" Batista said looking directly into the camera.
The angle kicks off the program between Triple H and his former Evolution partner Batista which will climax with a match at WrestleMania 35.
Batista was last seen at the Smackdown 1000 episode where he reunited with all members of Evolution and teased a confrontation with HHH after he noted how Triple H never beat him one-on-one.
Roman Reigns returns on Raw, announces his leukemia is in remission
Honky Tonk Man to be inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame class of 2019
Becky Lynch discusses main eventing WrestleMania and Ronda Rousey with ESPN's Ariel Helwani
Just two days before headlining WrestleMania, Becky Lynch sat down with ESPN's Ariel Helwani for a 30-minute chat in New York to discuss a variety of subjects. Helwani, who apart from being one of the leading MMA journalists is also a huge wrestling fan, had Lynch…
Triple H describes the "unbelievable" feeling of watching Daniel Bryan return
Speaking to USA Today regarding Daniel Bryan's return, Triple H said that it was "unbelievable" watching him back in action from backstage at Smackdown Live this week. Triple H said that one of the hardest part of his jobs is telling talent that they can't wrestle…
John Cena promises he'll be at WrestleMania 35
During an appearance a few days ago on SirisXM's The Today Show Radio with host Hoda Kotb, John Cena took a few questions from an audience of kids who asked him a few wrestling-related questions and one of them was about if he will be appearing at WrestleMania…


text:
NBC and Sony Can't Market for Sh*t: Predicting Tomorrow's "Community" Reviews Today
By Rob Payne | Think Pieces | February 7, 2013 |
Well, it's finally happened. After losing showrunner Dan Harmon, being shuffled around the prime time programming block, delayed until mid-season, and then also losing co-lead Chevy Chase, "Community" was finally back on the air in its original time slot, Thursdays at 8pm on NBC. While much has changed in the world since we last saw the Greendale Seven - "Arrow" turned out not to suck and we elected our second black President, y'all! - Jeff, Abed, Troy, Britta, Annie, Shirley, and Pierce are all back and as dysfunctional as ever. Joel McHale, Danny Pudi, Donald Glover, Gillian Jacobs, Yvette Nicole Brown, and the aforementioned Chase bring it like the champs we know and love for tonight's fourth season premiere. It's almost like nothing behind the scenes even happened. Almost.
Jeff is still the group's apprehensive leader, but he's softened enough to actually cherish these knuckleheads he never had any intention of knowing. Abed and Troy are still adorably weird and meta. Britta is still the worst, which makes her the best. Annie still has boobs and Shirley's still Christian. And Pierce, well, I guess six months off screen is enough time for anybody who sundowns as often as he does to forget all the maturation he supposedly experienced a year ago. But don't let that distract you because Dean Pelton still wears outlandish gender-bending outfits and Chang can't not get delightfully under your skin, burrowing inside like a syphilitic mouse until it nibbles away at your defenseless funny bone. Fat Neil, Annie Kim, Magntiude, and Leonard (oh, sweet, sweet Leonard) are all here, too, and they remain well calibrated for maximum hilarity with minimal effort, especially if you've obsessively watched every single episode of this show's first three seasons.
But there's a certain hollowness, a faintly false ring under all that familiarity, as the story of registering for History 101 — the last class Jeff needs to graduate and return to practicing law, and also this episode's title — unfolds as little more than a parody of Sony's recent blockbuster hit, The Hunger Games. The desperate grab for attention and money-spending eyeballs is nearly as farcical as the games themselves, more like the "American Gladiators" meets "The Real World/Road Rules Challenge" than anything Katniss Everdeen had to contend with. It's almost as though the idea was generated backward from the question of How to make the season premiere of this cult and critical hit as marketable — as broad — as possible? Something that synergistic could only come directly from the studio and network brass. It's enough to make one wonder just how many times Jim Rash was forced to gleefully shout "the Hunger Deans!!!!" before he wanted to melt down his Oscar and drown in the liquified gold.
Of course, the series riffed on pop culture before. That's almost entirely how it reached the heights of adoration from the fan community who don't understand why the show isn't more popular, anyway. The study group quickly became a clique all the fans wanted to join, and then they started a gang to control chicken fingers. And then they played paintball. Soon enough the show rode a rocket bus and an extended "Doctor Who" running gag into so many (of so few) hearts forever.
With the exception of the latter, which wasn't a single episode, did you notice how none of those references could be responsibly labeled the Die Hard Parody, or the Apollo 13 Parody, or the Goodfellas Parody? Despite those movies being obvious antecedents for many jokes and some overall plot structures, those episodes also mined heavily from the films of John Woo and James Cameron, The Right Stuff and Space Camp, Godfather, Donnie Brasco, and many, many others. The reason they're more easily categorized as the Action Movie Parody, the Space Movie Parody, and the Mob Movie Parody because those episodes were about the characters, not the gimmick. The same was/is true for Inspector Spacetime, who only exists to more fully flesh out Abed.
When Dan Harmon told Sony and NBC that he needed to cover every single one of the show's sets in paint again for the two-part paintball sequel, they probably didn't see mega dollar signs since there was no easy tie-in to promote. Or, when Harmon said they were doing Pulp Fiction but really meant My Dinner with Andre? It's reasonable to expect the studio or the network loved the idea of a zombie episode until Harmon demanded they use an actual ABBA song, which he paid for out of his own wallet. As well, both the Ken Burns Pillow Fight and the "Law & Order" episode were done because they were cheap and they were both supremely dedicated to parodying those properties exactly; so much so that "Basic Lupine Urology" is easily the best installment of "SVU" ever. "Abed's Uncontrollable Christmas" may have gotten some Emmy love, but just ask Judd Apatow and Tina Fey how often that translates to bigger audiences and larger budgets.
So why would the executive not only agree to pay for another expensive lampoon for a barely watched sitcom that is probably on its way out the network door? The best answer is to accept that they're willing to "Community" go out on its own absurd accord. But when that company-owned and audience-approved parody is also incessantly trumpeted in real life television ads that the show rarely received in the past? The attempt to shoehorn illogical context into the proceedings belies the answer. Since when has the Dean been capable of organizing such an epic endeavor, or when was it in his character to favor turning the school into a post-apocalyptic mess over less destructive measures? He's a goof and a fool, but he isn't that clever. That was the whole point of the Apocalypse Now Hearts of Darkness episode.
Sadly, "The Hunger Deans" is exactly what it looks like: a last desperate attempt to squeeze as much possible profits out of "Community" before NBC finally cancels it after burning off the fourth season. Apparently, this happened even though rumor has it the new season itself may not be the dead-eyed, soulless husk this season premiere resembled. According to comments left on the AV Club by the actor who plays Garrett, Erik Christian Nielsen, season four of "Community" won't be the absolute sh*tshow the suits want us to think it is. Or, maybe it will be?
But don't take my word — and definitely don't take Sony's or NBC's word — for it. After all, the new "Community" hasn't actually aired yet and I don't even get screeners. Do some homework and then watch the premiere yourself tonight. It's the only way to be sure.
Rob Payne also writes the comic The Unstoppable Force, tweets on the Twitter, tumbls on the Tumblr, and his wares can be purchased here. He may be worried about the new season, but he is also cautiously optimistic despite their best efforts.
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After the Parkland shooting, President Donald Trump and others have suggested that arming teachers with guns could be a possible solution. Not only is this suggestion unrealistic, but it is also extremely dangerous with many flaws.
By arming teachers, the real issue is being completely ignored.
It is taking the focus off the root of the problem; that mentally unstable 19-year-olds are able to get their hands on AR-15's and get them into a school in the first place.
Schools are supposed to be a safe space, and giving guns to teachers will not make it feel like one.
The first issue is that many teachers are not qualified to have a gun in their classroom.
Even if they have previously owned guns, suggesting that in the midst of chaos they will be able to correctly aim and shoot the suspect is unrealistic.
Secondly, having guns in the hands of teachers will make it even more confusing for law enforcement and others trying to stop the shooter.
The shooter can no longer be identified by being the sole person with a gun.
This could create more confusion and make innocent teachers holding a gun become an accidental target.
Another issue that arises is the fear of putting a gun in the hand of a mentally unstable teacher.
Earlier this year, Randal Davidson, a teacher at Dalton High School in Georgia, had been a favorite of many students, yet one day Davidson brought a firearm onto the school campus, barricaded himself into his room and fired off his gun.
Putting a gun in the hands of a teacher also poses risks of students finding their gun and taking it. This fear is also accompanied with the fear that an unstable teacher will use the gun on a student.
In CNN article, by Athena Jones and Carolyn Sung, Kristen Clarke, the president of the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under the Law, said "Teachers and staff with guns are likely to take the lives of innocent and unarmed minority students — a crisis that we already see play out at the hands of police officers on our nation's streets." As Clarke said, the concern of guns in the hands of teachers disproportionately affecting students of color is a legitimate fear.
Lastly, teachers should not be expected to have a gun. The majority of school shooters are previous students.
Expecting teachers to look at a past student and end his life is not an expectation that should be had.
Instead of arming teachers with guns, many teachers are calling out to be armed with other resources.
Some of the things they are asking for are resources to educate their students on mental health, smaller class sizes, time to build relationships with their students and other things that do not put the safety of the students at risk.


Without question, religion is one hell of a hot potato of a topic. If you post Facebook statuses about religion, you will almost certainly get a mixed response. If you are willing to take the rough with the smooth, then go right ahead and publish religion Facebook statuses. However, those who prefer peace and quiet might be better off easing up on Facebook statuses about religion.
Prepare for your death, it awaits you.
If you don't usually pray, please let this moment be of change. Start today. Your soul will thank you with each Sajdah.
Don't be a good person because you believe it will get you into heaven. Be a good person because it is the right thing to do!
You can't put it into words, even what you think doesn't do justice as to just how truly perfect & beautiful & amazing Islam is.
Pray like its up to God, because it is!
I am thankful that I have the right, even though people continually try to take it away, to stand up and say that I love the Lord.
Remember before hating other religions: out of the many different sects of Christianity&Judaism there is one sect that will enter paradise.
" If you were accused of being a Christian, would there be enough evidence from your acts to convict you?"
"No relationship is stronger than the relationship that exists between man and Allah" - Ali (radhiyallahu anhu)"
Never be afraid to entrust an unknown future to an all knowing God.
stumbled across the 11th commandment today. "Thou shalt not be a douche bag" You're all going to hell.
We sin yet Allah conceals our sins completely. We are nothing without Allah's mercy .
Something good or bad happens to you, It all happens for a reason, purpose and behind it meanings! That is life!!


The Modern Izakaya is a cusual Japanese dining destination styled after the Izakaya bars of Tokyo, Japan. The restaurant boots a chill atmosphere, offering a selection of sake, beer, and Japanese cuisine. Operating from one of Singapore's most historic site, Chijmes, it is encompassed in a special glasshouse bar and has an area for alfresco dining under the stars.


John F. Kennedy, the thirty-fifth President of the USA, shared the following observation about truth.
Likewise regarding truth, the Apostle Paul warned the young minister Timothy of the dangers that await him as new converts would "turn away their ears from the truth, and be turned unto fables" (2 Timothy 4:4). Truth, unfortunately, is being packaged in many forms; many are more speculation and creative editorializing, than substantive truth. Because of this trend, it is important that believers have a "real-time" reliable and trustworthy compass by which to navigate in this world. While our primary guide is the Word of God, as we discussed last week, God has also provided another source—the Holy Spirit, the Spirit of Truth.
Earlier in this series we defined truth as that which agrees with reality. For the believer, our reality has been defined by what God has placed in His written Word. For the disciples in our text today, however, there was no written Word as they faced a hostile world without the presence of their Beloved Jesus (John 15:18-20). It was Jesus' presence that gave them the courage to challenge the spiritual tyranny of the religious leaders. It was Jesus' loving response to the diseased and disenfranchised that modeled what true love looked like. They would need God's truth as they turned their focus to witnessing (Acts 1:8), baptizing and teaching (Matt. 28:19-20).
In John 14 Jesus promises to send the Spirit of Truth that would abide with them forever. It was the Holy Spirit Who would now come to live within them. We generally think of the Holy Spirit in terms of gifting or empowering believers to accomplish the purposes and ministries of Christ. However, the attribute Jesus chose to share with His disciples in John's text focused on "truth". It would be the Spirit of Truth that would assist the disciples as they were persecuted for their belief in Jesus Christ. They would be tempted to denounce and deny Him Whom "the world could not receive, because it neither saw Him nor knew Him" (v. 17). They would need the Spirit of Truth to call "to remembrance" the life and ministry of Jesus Christ—especially His work of salvation for sinners (John 14:26). The Spirit of Truth would assist the disciples in accomplishing the "greater works" promised by Jesus (John 14:12). Jesus was indeed "the Way, the Truth, and the Life". After Jesus' departure, the ministry of truth would continue because the Spirit of Truth.
Like the disciples of the first century, believers in the 21st century have the assistance of the Spirit of Truth to assist them especially in exposing the spirit of error. The spirit of error is seen in the morays and life styles of the world. For unbelievers, it leads them to be deceived and disobedient to the purposes of God in their life (Ep. 2:2). For the believer, the spirit of error tempts them to doubt God truth and draw them away from the leading of the Holy Spirit (2 Thess. 2:15). The Spirit of Truth stands ready to silence the lies, myths and fables of the 21st century. Our confidence lies in the promise, power, and presence of the Spirit of Truth. He is our True Compass as we search for truth.
Prayer: "Lead me in thy truth, and teach me: for thou art the God of my salvation; on thee do I wait all the day." Let your Spirit of Truth reign supreme in my life. Let me trust in that which He guides me to do and obediently follow the path of Your choosing. I receive Your Spirit of Truth and walk in the knowledge and freedom which You have graciously given me.
The Word of God is the truth by which believers are to successfully navigate this world. "All Scripture is inspired by God and is useful to teach us what is true and to make us realize what is wrong in our lives. It straightens us out and teaches us to do what is right. It is God's way of preparing us in every way, fully equipped for every good thing God wants us to do" (2 Timothy 3:16-17, NLT). As believers operate in these end times, it is critical that they are able to stand fast in their faith and boldly proclaim the truth of God's Word.
College students relegate the Bible to the status of "glorified fairy tales" with little substantive value. (Lord, help them!) These individuals will be our future workforce, leaders, and yes, our Church. Gen Xers and Millennials, seeking answers on how to live purposeful lives, discount the Bible as "irrelevant and inadequate" for the challenges they face. These generations are a formidable influence in the shaping of not only our current political and social policies but also in determining the religious beliefs of generations to come. And who will direct these groups to the "light of God's Word" (Ps. 119:105)? Current believers and the Church? There is little difference between them and the aforementioned groups. They seldom read their Bibles, let alone use it as the final authority on truth with their families or in their personal life. They look no different than the rest of the world.
The Word of God will continue to be challenged by the World and yes, even the Church. It is because of this fact that believers are to stand firm based on the power, sufficiency, and authority of the Word of God. Paul's instructions are still pertinent for believers today. We are to boldly proclaim, without excuse, the supremacy and sufficiency of Scripture over the worldview. How do we prepare for this challenge? Read books to help you defend your faith. Listen to Christian teachers who can help you answer frequent questions people have about God and His Word. Finally, ask the Holy Spirit (your Personal Teacher) to help you respond to challenges and push back you might receive. Remember, "Greater is He that is in you than he that is in the world" (1 John 4:4). Hold fast to the Word!
"You were getting along so well.
Truth is a very significant concept. As we discussed last week, our view of truth shapes our societies and our personal lives. It also influences our relationship with God and our view of Scripture. Our definition of truth is impacted by the magazines we read, our choice of news broadcasters and even the opinions of our friends. And if you follow social media, your "truth" is being adjusted with every post and tweet you receive—every 60 seconds, 175,000 tweets are sent. Let's face reality! We live in an age where we are being bombarded by varying opinions as to what is or isn't truth. Because of these deceptive trends, it is important that believers have a reliable and trustworthy compass by which to navigate in this world. We need guidance from God. We need divine perspective.
In the Old Testament, truth ('emeth) is rendered as "true" or "faithful". In either case, the Hebrew concept communicated in its use is reliability and trustworthiness. This trustworthiness is frequently used to describe God's divine faithfulness (Ps. 31:5; Jer. 42:5). Those who walk in God's truth accept as trustworthy God's view of moral realities and act in harmony with His divine revelations: "For thy lovingkindness is before mine eyes: and I have walked in thy truth." (Ps. 26:3) Dependence on God's truth is not based on emotional sentimentalities but firmly grounded in the nature of God (Deut. 7:9).
Through God's revelation we have access to reliable knowledge—divine truth—about God, about ourselves, and about how we are to live in relationship with our fellow man. This is especially important since there is often a tendency by believer's to separate their "faith walk" from their "life style". God's truth is to be put into daily practice. Knowing the reliability of God and accepting the reality of God, believers can begin to operate from God's perspective. God's divine truth becomes the vehicle by which we are able to successfully navigate in this postmodern society.


text:
Newark has citizen clergy: "residents who agree to take classes on public safety and conflict prevention, who are then called in to assist in volatile situations. They helped to ensure that the city's protests against racism and police brutality remained peaceful" https://www.economist.com/by-invitation/2020/07/06/ras-baraka-on-reforms-to-bring-communities-and-police-closer-together
community, police
"Attempts at regeneration through "landmark" cultural buildings have in the past foundered, but there is every chance that canny Manchester will be successful in running its new Factory. Yet, in the end, a city's commitment to culture is more to be welcomed as a way of building community, as a repository for shared memories and as a fund of personal enrichment, than as a replacement for cotton mills." – The Guardian view on Manchester's new cultural space: from one kind of factory to another | Editorial
community, cultural center, landmark
"People very understandably associate religious institutions with very real harm and danger," Stedman says. "But institutions are also places where people share ideas and where they organize, and heal, and hold each other accountable." – How to take Christ out of Christianity
christianity, community, institution
"group clustering (the odds that your friends mutually know one another) does not change with city size. It seems that even in large cities we tend to build tightly knit communities, or 'villages,' around ourselves. There is an important difference, though: if in a real village our connections might simply be defined by proximity, in a large city we can elect a community based on any number of factors, from affinity to interest to sexual preference." – The Urban Village
city, community, network analysis, scale, village


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text:
The Great Wave
Wearing: Thrifted shirt, skirt bought at a garage sale, handmade beaded shawl, Verner belt, Nicholas Kirkwood X Rodarte shoes.
So I was meant to wear this awesome beaded shawl in this post but at the time it just didn't seem to go well with the sequined dress so I decided to exclude it from that outfit. I bought it at the Alice Euphemia Garage sale for fifty bucks, with no information available about the designer other than the mysterious tag which read "L.A." the initials of the designer. The store owner Karen later explained she was a Melbourne gal making clothes but had since moved to Sydney to pursue a career in hospitality. The name of LA escapes me, but I humbly thank her for making such a wonderful little garment for me to find and treasure. It really is a treasure- it was nothing more than a scrap piece of material with a whole lot of beading and although the ends are fraying it feels really special. I wish more people wore stuff like this. I felt drawn to it because it made me feel like a weird Comme des Garçons angel and the heavy beads were contrasted against the lightweight nature of the sheer fabric.
It's a really odd, delicate piece but I love it so much, it's carefully wrapped in tissue paper in a little corner of my room as we speak. What's really significant about this piece for me is that it's white. I usually avoid white because it either makes me feel like a giant baby at a baptism or a bride straight out of a Hollywood C-grade film and I don't appreciate either of this comparisons. But obviously this is different because instead I feel luxurious but still very comfortable in my own skin. I think that fashion should ascend into personal style rather than make us feel we should try to conform to style as some sort of formula or math problem. That is the most satisfying outcome with the greatest reward and sense of satisfaction.
Labels: Beads, Clothing, Handmade, Nicholas Kirkwood, Outfit, Platform Heels, Pleats, Rodarte, Self-Portrait, Sequins, Skirt, Style, Verner, Vest, White, Wood Heels
Anneka August 4, 2014 at 2:30 AM
I love every aspect of this outfit. Those shoes are amazing.
aw thank you! I was a bit reluctant to post these photos but now I'm glad I did :)
Safiya August 10, 2014 at 1:00 PM
I really love everything about this outfit, especially the skirt. And wow, I totally agree with what you're saying. Far too many people fall victim to fashion and following trends. I always feel my best when I feel unique.
Cats in Crop Tops
DI$COUNT UNIVER$E MBFWA 2014
Give me a head with hair
post tropical
Melbourne Art Fair 2014
it's hip to be square
The Girl who Fell to Earth
status update:
Simone Rocha Fall 2014
Underneath the skin there's a human
Cara the Biography: Winner Announcement!


Eleanor LeCain discusses progressive economic strategies and immigration reform with Harold Meyerson, one of the country's leading political analysts.
Eleanor LeCain discusses post-election progressive strategies with Heather Booth, one of the top progressive strategists in the United States.
Eleanor LeCain analyzes the recent elections with Ruy Teixeira, a Senior Fellow at both The Century Foundation and the Center for American Progress.


Thanks so much for the kind introduction Erik! I'm greatly looking forward to this opportunity to work with you and making sure your amazing number of followers are always informed about the latest weather happenings in the Memphis/Mid-South area!
Glad to have you on board Kevin!


Fire Risk Assessment Inspection, Fire Extinguisher Service, Fire Extinguisher Supply, Fire Training & Fire Safety in London, Slough, Bracknell & Reading.
The size of premises, nature of operations & occupancy characteristics will determine actual fire evacuation times.
Annual, 6 monthly or 4 monthly fire evacuation drills may be required dependant on the qualified assessment?
Fire evacuation frequencies need to be assessed - depending on the type of premises & management fire strategy.
There are many areas that need to be taken into account within every fire evacuation drill occurrence.
We can conduct your annual, bi-annual or quarterly fire evacuation drill, to enable you to remain compliant.
We can also conduct weekly fire alarm call point testing with appropriate signage & log books provided.
How are you fire evacuation drills assessed..? RSET? ASET? Which PD or BS Guidelines Are Utilised..?
Too quick evacuation times advised, can lead to incorrect actions, panic, injury & a faulty fire strategy.
Too much evacuation time provided, can lead to complacency & untimely injury or worse, loss of life.
The correct timings & suitable fire evacuation procedure & fire safety strategy is a legal requirement.
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Award-winning publisher Archaia Entertainment, an imprint of BOOM! Studios, is excited to announce that Alyssa Milano's HACKTIVIST will debut as a new, four-issue limited series, which will be in stores tomorrow, Wednesday, January 22nd. Set in the world of tech entrepreneurs and social media, HACKTIVIST is the story of two friends who operate one of the largest social media firms by day, but by night, use their hacking skills to help important social causes all over the world. That is, until the U.S. government finds out!
WHY WE LOVE IT: From the creative mind of Alyssa Milano, with artist Marcus To (Huntress, Red Robin), and writers Jackson Lanzing and Collin Kelly, Hacktivist is a fast-paced cyber-thriller about friendship and freedom in a time war.
WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT: Fantastic characters and stunning action set pieces, beautifully illustrated by Marcus To (Cyborg 009, Red Robin) and Eisner-nominated colorist Ian Herring (Jim Henson's Tale of Sand).
WHAT IT'S ABOUT: Ed Hiccox and Nate Graft are young, brilliant, and the co-founders of YourLife, a social networking company that has changed the way the world stays connected. In secret, these best friends are also "sve_Urs3lf," the largest, white-hat hacking group on the planet, exposing information and sparking revolutions across the globe.
Hacktivist #1 will be in stores tomorrow, January 22nd.