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HMS Utmost (N 19)
Pennant N 19
Mod Second Group
Ordered 4 Sep 1939
Laid down 2 Nov 1939
Launched 20 Apr 1940
Commissioned 17 Aug 1940
Lost Nov 1942
History HMS Utmost (Lt. John Walter David Coombe, RN) disappeared without a trace after 23 November 1942.
Commands listed for HMS Utmost (N 19)
1 Lt. John Henry Eaden, DSC, RN 24 Jun 1940 30 Jan 1941
2 Lt.Cdr. Richard Douglas Cayley, RN 30 Jan 1941 Oct 1941
3 Lt. John Dennis Martin, RN Oct 1941 Nov 1941
4 Lt.Cdr. Richard Douglas Cayley, DSO, RN Nov 1941 4 Apr 1942
5 Lt. Anthony Walter Langridge, RN 4 Apr 1942 16 Sep 1942
6 Lt. John Walter David Coombe, RN 16 Sep 1942 Nov 1942
Notable events involving Utmost include:
Prestwich Urban District adopted HMS Utmost during a fund raising "Warship Week" aimed at raising money to pay for a ship from particular towns. The Town of Prestwich was presented with an oak plaque/shield made of materials from the submarine. The plaque was on display in Prestwich Town Hall until Prestwich joined Bury. The plaque is now in Bury Museum. (1)
The history of HMS Utmost as compiled on this page is extracted from the patrol reports and logbooks of this submarine. Corrections and details regarding information from the enemy's side (for instance the composition of convoys attacked) are kindly provided by Mr. Platon Alexiades, a naval researcher from Canada. He also provided details regarding the special operations and train wrecking missions carried out by HMS Utmost.
This page was last updated in December 2018.
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN) departed her builders yard at Barrow for the Clyde. (2)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN) arrived in the Clyde area for a period of trials and training. (2)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN) was docked at Ardrossan. (2)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN) was undocked. (2)
HMS Otway (Lt. E.D. Norman, RN), HMS Upright (Lt. F.J. Brooks, RN) and HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN) conducted exercises in the Clyde area. (3)
HMS Otway (Lt. E.D. Norman, RN) conducted exercises in the Clyde area with HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN). (3)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN) departed the Clyde area for Portsmouth. (2)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN) arrived at Portsmouth. (2)
While bottoming at Portsmouth during an air raid HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN) sustained damage to her fore hydroplanes. (4)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN) departed Portsmouth for her 1st war patrol. She was to have sailed on 22 September but was delayed by defects. She was ordered to patrol in the English Channel.
As no log is available for this period no map can be displayed. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN) ended her 1st war patrol at Portsmouth.
There were problems with 'singing' propellers. These were changed and several trials were undertaken afterwards. The dates Utmost as docked are unfortunately not known to us. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN) departed Portsmouth for Gibraltar. She was to join the Mediterranean Fleet. En-route she was to make a short 48-hour patrol in the Bay of Biscay making this her 2nd war patrol.
At about 1845 hours, in position 37°58'N, 09°50'W, HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN) stopped the Portuguese fishing vessel Machado (316 GRT, 1919) but released her after examination.
At 1225 hours, in position 36°08'N, 08°45'W, HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN) was rammed by the British destroyer HMS Encounter (Lt.Cdr. E.V.St J. Morgan, RN). Encounter was part of the destroyer screen for the battlecruiser HMS Renown (Capt C.E.B. Simeon, RN). Both Utmost and Encounter were damaged. They were escorted to Gibraltar by HMS Forester (Lt.Cdr. E.B. Tancock, DSC and Bar, RN).
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN) arrived at Gibraltar where repairs were undertaken to make her seaworthy again and made her able to dive. Permanent repairs were to be undertaken at Malta. (2)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN) departed Gibraltar for Malta.
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.H. Eaden, DSC, RN) arrived at Malta. Before she was to be used operationally she had to undergo repairs to her pressure hull that was damaged when she was rammed by HMS Encounter on 6 November. (2)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) departed Malta for her 3rd war patrol (1st in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to patrol the Western approaches to Tripoli, Libya.
For the daily and attack positions of Utmost during this patrol see the map below.
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) made a torpedo attack on an enemy convoy about 5 nautical miles North-East of Zuwara, Libya in position 33°00N, 12°11'E. Three torpedoes were fired but no hits were obtained.
1715 hours - In position 33°00N, 12°11'E sighted a convoy of three merchant vessels bearing 280°. Range was about 5 nautical miles. They were zig-zagging very erratically. Started attack.
1745 hour - The convoy stopped to wait for a fourth merchant vessel that came from the North.
1805 hours - The convoy proceeded. It was now getting dark.
1815 hours - When about to open fire on the leading ship from 500 yards she suddenly altered course towards. Went deep with the intention to return to periscope depth at the other side of the convoy and then to attack the rear ship. Three torpedoes were fired in this attack but due to the bad visibility no hits were obtained. No counter attack followed.
According to Italian sources the attack had been on a convoy consisting of the transport Nirvo (5164 GRT, built 1919) and the tankers Berbera (2093 GRT, built 1931) and Caucaso (2065 GRT, built 1920) screened by the armed merchant cruiser Attilio Deffenu (3510 GRT, built 1929). The torpedoes were seen and an escorting aircraft dropped a marking buoy in the vicinity but no retaliatory action occurred. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) torpedoed and damaged the Italian merchant Mauly (5942 GRT, built 1925) off Zuwara, Libya in position 33°00'N, 12°00'E.
0930 hours - Sighted a convoy of three merchant ships escorted by one destroyer bearing 100°, range 3 nautical miles, enemy course 260°. Started attack on the leading and largest ship of about 8000 tons. Fired three torpedoes and obtained one hit. Utmost went to 80 feet after firing the torpedoes.
0954 to 1022 hours - 25 Depth charges were dropped. HE indicated that two escorts were hunting. No damage was sustained. Utmost retired to the North-East.
1130 hours - Returned to periscope depth. Saw the target down by the stern and stopped. Aircraft were patrolling the area. The convoy meanwhile made off to the West.
[The convoy attacked was made up of the above mentioned Mauly as well as the Italian merchant Tembien (5584 GRT, built 1914) and the German merchant Leverkusen (7382 GRT, built 1928). They were escorted by the Italian torpedo boat Centauro. Mauly was hit astern and immobilised, her crew had abandoned ship but later reboarded her. The auxiliary Orlando and the tug Polifemo were sent from Tripoli to take her in tow and the torpedo-boat Rosolino Pilo to relieve Centauro who continued with the remaining ships. It took seven days to bring Mauly back to Tripoli.] (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) ended her 3rd war patrol (1st in the Mediterranean) at Malta. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) departed Malta for her 4th war patrol (2nd in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to perform a special operation.
For the daily positions of Utmost during this patrol see the map below.
At 1930 hours, HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) surfaced in position 35°59'N, 10°34'E (Gulf of Hammamet) and carried out the special mission. This was the first of five missions that Utmost would undertake in Tunisia. Although no official report appears to have survived, there is little doubt that Utmost made contact with a sailing vessel and transferred stores for the Mounier network. The previous month, Mounier had sailed from Tunisia in the sailing vessel Pescadou and reached Malta. He offered his services to organize a resistance network in Tunisia. They were later provided with limpets to sabotage Italian vessels engaged in the phosphate traffic. (5)
A few hours later the submarine sent a boat to pick up 2nd Lt. Fairclough near Sebkhet Halk El Menzel (souh of Hergla). This officer has not been definitely identified. Was he an agent or perhaps a flyer shot down over Tunisia? Any help in identifying him is appreciated.
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) ended her 4th war patrol (2nd in the Mediterranean) at Malta. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) departed Malta for her 5th war patrol (3rd in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to patrol off the Gulf of Hammamet.
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) torpedoed and sank the Italian merchant Capo Vita (5683 GRT, built 1916) off the Gulf of Hammamet about 30 nautical miles North-East of Sousse, Tunisia in position 36°09'N, 11°07'E.
1115 hours - Sighted two merchant ships escorted by an armed merchant cruiser bearing 345°, range 5 nautical miles, enemy course 170°. Started attack.
1205 hours - Fired three torpedoes from 1000 yards. Two explosions followed. A counter attack followed in which 6 depth charges were dropped but these did no damage. 12 Minutes later Utmost returned to periscope depth to find the armed merchant cruiser and one of the merchants in sight. The other one must have sunk. She had been heavily laden and was of about 8000 tons and it was also observed that there were troops on board.
[This convoy was made up of the above mentioned Capo Vita as well as the Italian merchant Fenicia (2584 GRT, built 1919), they were escorted by the Italian Armed Merchant Cruiser Attilio Deffenu (3510 GRT, built 1929). Capo Vita blew up, there were no survivors. An escorting Cant Z 501 of 144^ Squadriglia observed the attack but was powerless to intervene. Fenicia was sunk the next day by HMS Unique.] (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) ended her 5th war patrol (3rd in the Mediterranean) at Malta. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) departed Malta for her 6th war patrol (4th in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to patrol off Kerkennah as a convoy believed to be transporting German troops was expected to sail from Naples.
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) attacked a convoy of 5 German merchants and three Italian destroyers and torpedoed and sank the German merchants Heraklea (1927 GRT, built 1922) and torpedoed and damaged the Ruhr (5954 GRT, built 1926) 22 nautical miles south-east of Kuriat, Tunisia in position 35°40'N, 11°19'E.
In position 35°40'N, 11°19'E sighted six heavily laden merchant vessels escorted by two destroyers bearing 330°, range 9000 yards, enemy course 150°, speed 12 knots. Started attack.
2158 hours - Fired four torpedoes at three ships showing up as an unbroken line against the horizon. After the last torpedo had left the tubes Utmost dived. Two hits were obtained. The time between the explosions indicated that in either column a ship must have been hit. No counter attack followed which might indicate that there were survivors in the water. Utmost retired to the Eastward and remained dived until 2400 hours.
[The convoy attacked was made up of the above mentioned German merchant ships as well as the German merchants Adana (4176 GRT, built 1922) and Samos (2576 GRT, built 1923) and the Italian merchant Galilea (8040 GRT, built 1916). They were escorted by the Italian destroyers Folgore, Dardo and Strale. Heraklea was carrying 212 German soldiers and 100 vehicles, 78 were lost. Ruhr carried 585 German soldiers and 160 vehicles, she was towed by the destroyer Dardo to Trapani.] (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) ended her 6th war patrol (4th in the Mediterranean) at Malta. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) was docked in No.1 dock at Malta. (6)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) was undocked. (6)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) departed Malta for her 7th war patrol (5th in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to perform a special operation.
At 2145 hours, in position 35°57'N, 10°36'E (north of Sousse) HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) surfaced to carry out the special operation. The Breuillac/Mounier resistance network (see 28 February) had received a signal at noon the previous day that a submarine would pick up Breuillac at 22 hours on the 19th. In Malta, he was to meet with Lt. Col. Des Essarts, an envoy of General De Gaulle, who was to fly from Cairo. Breuillac, who was Chief of Staff to General Jurion, had secured a 15-day leave to do some 'tourism' in Tunisia. He lost no time and travelled by train to Sousse with Mounier and another member of their network, Verdier. They took a small sailboat to go 'fishing' and cruised for several hours at the rendezvous point. Utmost delivered stores and Mounier and Verdier returned with them leaving Breuillac to continue on to Malta.
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) departed Malta for her 8th war patrol (6th in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to carry out a special operation.
At 2105 hours, in position 35°58'N, 10°37.5'E HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) surfaced to carry out the special operation. This was to meet a sailboat manned by Mounier and Verdier and transfer Commandant Breuillac. The submarine cruised in a vain without meeting them, the two men later affirming that they had been at the rendezvous. (5)
At 2106 hours, in position 35°58'N, 10°37'E HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) surfaced again to carry out the special operation. This time the sailboat was sighted at 2140 hours and Breuillac and stores (including limpets for underwater sabotage) were transferred ashore. He had three days to spare for his furlough! (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) ended her 8th war patrol (6th in the Mediterranean) at Malta. At 0941 hours, shortly before entering harbour Utmost was attacked by enemy aircraft. She crash dived to safety. Several bombs were dropped causing minor damage. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) departed Malta for her 9th war patrol (7th in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to patrol off the Gulf of Hammamet and to perform a special operation.
At 2146 hours, in position 35°58'N, 10°34'E, HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) surfaced to carry out a special operation. No information appears to have survived but it probably was to land explosives and other stores for the Breuillac/Mounier network.
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) attacked a merchant vessel with three torpedoes about 5 nautical miles South-East of Kuriat. No hits were obtained. One of the torpedoes had a gyro failure.
1350 hours - In position 35°43'N, 11°06'E sighted a merchant ship of about 3000 tons. One aircraft was circling overhead and was believed to be an escort. Range was 10000 yards. Closed at speed to attack. In the attack three torpedoes were fired from 4500 yards. Upon firing Utmost went to 80 feet. One of the torpedoes had a gyro failure and appeared to be cruising around in an erratic and alarming matter. After 10 minutes HE from the torpedo became fainter and finally disappeared.
At the time this was believed to have been the Italian Florida II (3100 GRT, built 1905) but she was at Sfax at the time. The target has not yet been identified. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) departed Malta for her 10th war patrol (8th in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to patrol in the Tyrrhenian Sea to the North of the Straits of Messina. She also was to destroy a railway if the opportunity arose.
At 0001 hours, near position 39°10'N, 16°03'E (north of Amantea), HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) launched a folbot manned by Lt. D.R. Schofield, Royal Fusiliers and Lance Corporal F.C. Morgan to blow up a train in a railway tunnel.
2210 hours - Surfaced and proceeded towards the shore. A suitable tunnel in which to wreck a train had been spotted during the day.
0001 hours - Launched the Folbot with a party of two 400 yards from the shore. They successfully placed the charge and returned safely.
0200 hours - A train went through the tunnel but did not blow up.
0245 hours - Launched the Folbot again. The railway was now blown up without waiting for a train. The party returned safely shortly before dawn at 0500 hours. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) torpedoed and sank the Italian merchant Enrico Costa (4080 BRT, built 1928) 4 nautical miles from Cape Todaro, Sicily, Italy in position 38°07'N, 14°37'E. The vessel was travelling from Catania to Palermo with 3000 tons of coal. There were no casualties.
1200 hours -Sighted a partly laden merchant ship of about 6000 tons bearing 060°, 5 nautical miles away. Utmost closed to 1100 yards and fired two torpedoes. One of the torpedoes hit amidships. The crew abandoned ship but it did not sink. Utmost later fired a third torpedo that hit and sank the ship.
According to Italian sources the vessel was travelling from Catania to Palermo with 3000 tons of coal. There were no casualties. The torpedo-boats Castore and Albatros were directed to the scene. Utmost sighted Albatros at 1425 hours and correctly identified her but the Italian warships failed to detect the submarine. (5)
At 1410 hours, HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN), sighted three cruisers and three destroyers bearing 230 degrees, 5 miles, course 130°, the nearest cruiser was a Condottieri class, the others could not be identified. The submarine could not come within attacking range but attempted to make an enemy report, however Malta failed to acknowledge reception. These were most certainly the light cruiser Monteccucoli and the destroyers Fuciliere and Bersagliere who reached Palermo at 1530 hours. The other warships have not been identified (so far).
Just after midnight, while another landing attempt was underway in approximate position 38°02'N, 14°04'E (near Sant' Ambrogio, north coast of Sicily), Utmost was apparently seen from shore detected by a sentry of a railway tunnel. Shouts were heard and the landing party (Lt. D.R. Schofield of the Royal Fusiliers and Lance Corporal F.C. Morgan) also heard the alarm and wisely returned to the submarine. (7)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) ended her 10th war patrol (8th in the Mediterranean) at Malta. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) departed Malta for her 11th war patrol (9th in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to patrol in the Tyrrhenian Sea to the North of the Straits of Messina, one of the four submarines deployed for operation SUBSTANCE (the others were HMS Urge and HMS Upholder from Malta and HMS P 32 from Gibraltar). She also was to destroy a railway if the opportunity arose, just like in her previous patrol that was in the same area.
At 2305 hours, HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN), sighted a 6000 tons merchant vessel bearing 50 degrees, at a distance of five miles in position 38°26'N, 12°48'E, The ship was zig-zagging on a mean course of 260°. The submarine closed at high speed and, at 2325 hours, fired two torpedoes from a range of 3000 yards. Both missed. The target has not been identified for certain but may have been the Italian Ettore (4270 GRT, built 1912) who had sailed at 1830 hours from Palermo for Algiers.
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) landed a sabotage party in position 38°47'N, 16°06'E (near Pizzo, Calabria, Italy) (Lt. D.R. Schoffield, Royal Fusiliers, and Lance Corporal F.C. Morgan).
2330 hours - Landed the Folbot with a party of two which successfully laid explosives underneath a railway line.
0100 hours - A large explosion was seen as a large southbound train passed over the spot where the charge had been placed. Shortly afterwards the Folbot party returned safely. According to Italian sources the rear of the train was derailed. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) torpedoed and sank the Italian merchant Frederico (1488 GRT, built 1920) in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea of the west coast of Calabria, Italy in position 39°28'N, 15°52'E.
1835 hours - Sighted a 4000 tons merchant ship escorted by a 5000 tons Armed Merchant Cruiser bearing 330°, 9 nautical miles, course 160°, speed 8 knots. Started attack in which two torpedoes were fired from 700 yards. One hit was obtained and the ship sank immediately. The Armed Merchant Cruiser counter attacked with 20 depth charges but none were close.
According to Italian sources Frederico had been escorted by the armed merchant cruiser Adriatico (1976 GRT, built 1931) who rescued all the crew except one. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) ended her 11th war patrol (9th in the Mediterranean) at Malta. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) departed Malta for her 12th war patrol (10th in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to patrol off South coast of Calabria, Italy. Once again she carried a raiding party to destroy a railway if the opportunity arose.
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) landed a sabotage party (Lt. R. Wilson, R.A. and Marine W.G. Hughes) near the mouth of the river Saracena (39°50'N, 16°31'E).
2325 hours - Landed the Folbot with a party of two which successfully laid explosives on the railway bridge across the river Seracina.
0218 hours - A large explosion occurred. It appeared the charges were well placed.
0230 hours - The Folbot party returned safely.
According to Italian sources the explosion did not destroy the bridge but caused enough damage requiring repairs before traffic could be resumed. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) attacked an enemy merchant vessel in position 39°16'N, 17°17'E (near Punta Alice, Calabria, Italy). Three torpedoes were fired but no hits were obtained.
1650 hours - When in position 014°, 3 nautical miles from Alice Point, sighted an Armed Merchant Cruiser bearing 060°, range 5 nautical miles. She was escorting a merchant vessel of about 6000 tons. Their course was about 260°. The Armed Merchant Cruiser soon altered course to the South and came towards. It was expected that the merchant ship would follow but she did not do so immediately. Eventually Utmost had to go deep to avoid the Armed Merchant Cruiser. When she returned to periscope depth it was noticed that the merchant ship had finally changed course towards. Started attack in which three torpedoes were fired but these all missed.
The armed merchant cruiser was almost certainly Piero Foscari (3423 GT, built 1928) on passage from Bari to Naples via Messina. The merchant ship has not yet been identified.
Shortly after firing, another merchant vessel of 4000 tons escorted by a schooner appeared coast from the northward. Utmost reloaded the tubes but the target disappeared in a rain squall before an attack could be carried out. This was most probably the transport Dea Mazzella (3082 GRT, built 1919) escorted by the auxiliary Maria di Meglio on passage from Taranto to Crotone. A week later, Dea Mazzella was damaged by air attack at Crotone. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) ended her 12th war patrol (10th in the Mediterranean) at Malta. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) departed Malta for her 13th war patrol (10th in the Mediterranean). She had just returned to port after exercising in the morning when she was ordered to proceed to position 34°36'N, 12°12'E, near the Kerkennah Shallows, to pick up the crew from a crashed Blenheim bomber.
At 0745 hours, in position 34°35'N, 12°16'E, HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) sighted distress signals bearing 220°. 5 Minutes later sighted a rubber dinghy with three occupants. They were the missing aircrew and were quickly picked up. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, RN) departed Malta for her 14th war patrol (12th in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to patrol in the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea. Once again she carried a raiding party to destroy a railway if the opportunity arose.
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) landed a sabotage party (Lt. R. Wilson, R.A. and Marine W.G. Hughes) near Intavolata (position 39°29'N, 15°58'E). They were not successful in destroying the Torre di Rienzo railway tunnel as they were detected by Italian guards.
2200 hours - Stopped in 14 fathoms of water, 1500 yards from the shore. Landed the Folbot with a party of two which were to lay explosives in the entrance to a railway tunnel on the busy Naples-Messina line.
0152 hours - The operation had to be abandoned as the raiding party was detected by Italian guards.
0210 hours - The Folbot party returned safely despite being under constant gunfire from the shore.
The operation was thwarted by the arrival of the Italian Militia (Carabiniere Alfonso Cappuziello, Corporal Francesco Scarnati and a railway watchman). The commandos fired three rounds with their pistols and Cappuziello fired back two rounds with his rifle. The commandos fled, abandoning their explosives. The Italian High Command was upset that reaction had not been more energetic and the two soldiers and three of their superior officers were sentenced to several days arrest. (7)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) again landed a sabotage party party (Lt. R. Wilson, R.A. and Marine W.G. Hughes) near position 39°04.5'N, 16°06'E (Campomara di San Giovanni). They were not successful in destroying a railway bridge over the river Oliva as, yet again, they were detected by Italian guards.
2145 hours - Stopped in 16 fathoms of water, 1400 yards from the shore. Landed the Folbot with a party of two which were to lay explosives on the railway bridge over the river Oliva.
2245 hours - Saw flashes from gunfire on the shore. Looked like the raiding party was again detected.
2300 hours - The raiding party returned safely. Utmost retired to seaward.
Again the operation was thwarted by two sentries Alfonso Sementa and Enrico Murgano. Apparently the commandos fired two pistol shots hitting Murgano in the right arm but both Italian soldiers returned fire forcing the two commandos to flee, they managed to return to the submarine. The alarm had been given and more Italian soldiers arrived, the area was thoroughly searched and the explosives discovered. (7)
Utmost had been ordered to cover the northern approaches of the Strait of Messina during the passage of the HALBERD convoy. At 1435 hours, three cruisers and eight destroyers proceeding northward were sighted at a distance of 6 miles in 38°18'N, 15°41'E. The submarine closed to 2500 yards and was about to fire four torpedoes at the third cruiser when it nearly collided with a destroyer and the attack was broken off.
These were the heavy cruisers Trento and Gorizia and their destroyer screen who had just sailed from Messina. (7)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) attacked an enemy convoy off Marettimo Island. Only one torpedo was fired instead of the intended three as Utmost was detected by the escorts and the attack had to be broken off.
0119 hours - In position 37°53'N, 12°05'E sighted a convoy bearing 130°, range about 6 nautical miles, enemy course 330°. Escort a provided by two destroyers but most likely a third was astern. Attack conditions were very difficult. An attack was started and one torpedo was fired. More torpedoes were intended but a green Very light was fired in the direction of Utmost by an unseen destroyer. Utmost had to no other choice then to dive. The torpedo that was fired was heard to explode and is thought to have hit the target. Following this attack 14 depth charges were dropped by the escorts but none were close and no damage was sustained.
According to Italian sources this was the "H" convoy consisting of the transports Caterina (4838 GRT, built 1920), Marin Sanudo (5958 GRT, built 1926) and the tanker Minatitland (7651 GRT, built 1941) escorted by destroyers Alpino, Alfredo Oriani and Strale proceeding from Tripoli to Naples. It was Oriani who sighted the surfaced submarine and rushed to the attack, dropping 22 depth charges. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) was docked in No.2 dock at Malta. (10)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) was undocked. (10)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.D. Martin, RN) conducted exercises off Malta. (10)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.D. Martin, RN) departed Malta for 15th war patrol (13th in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to patrol off Kuriat and also to perform a special operation. Lt. J.D. Martin, RN had taken over command for this patrol from Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) in order to give this last officer a rest and to enable complete recovery from sandfly fever.
At 0245 hours HMS Utmost (Lt. J.D. Martin, RN) completed her special operation in the Gulf of Hammamet. This was probably to land stores for the remnants of the Breuillac resistance network. After sabotaging a couple of Italian ships, one of the saboteurs was captured and talked. Mounier had been forced to flee to Malta but was killed on his return trip when his plane (a captured Heinkel 115) crashed. The folbot sank as it was returning but the crew managed to swim to the submarine. (7)
At 0020 hours, HMS Utmost (Lt. J.D. Martin, RN), in position 35°47'N, 11°04'E, fired one torpedo at the grounded Italian merchant Marigola (5996 GRT, built 1906) but missed. (7)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.D. Martin, RN) destroys the (already grounded and damaged) Italian merchant Marigola (5996 GRT, built 1906) off Kuriat Island, Tunisia.
2230 hours - Set course and speed to close the stranded vessel.
2303 hours - Opened fire on this vessel. In all 39 HE and 19 SAP shells were fired from 400 yards. About 50 hits were obtained.
2335 hours - Retired to seaward. The stranded vessel was now definitely a total loss. (7)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.D. Martin, RN) ended her 15th war patrol (13th in the Mediterranean) at Malta. (7)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) departed Malta for her 16th war patrol (14th in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to patrol off the West coast of Greece. This was later changed to the Southern approaches to the Strait of Messina.
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) torpedoed and damaged the Italian heavy cruiser Trieste South of the Straits of Messina in position 37°48'N, 15°32'E.
2300 hours - In position 37°48'N, 15°32'E heard HE. Shortly afterwards sighted three Italian cruisers and three destroyers bearing 275°, range about 5 nautical miles, enemy course 110°, speed 20 knots. Started attack in which four torpedoes were fired at the rear cruiser.
2312 hours - One hit was obtained just abaft the fore funnel. A column of flame rose over 200 feet in the air and the sea was illuminated for considerable distance so dived. Two depth charges were dropped shortly afterwards. Utmost meanwhile retired to the South-East.
2355 hours - A rumbling noise was heard. It was hoped that this was the cruiser sinking. A further 84 depth charges were dropped but by now Utmost was well clear.
According to Italian sources Trieste (III Cruiser Division) was in company with the heavy cruisers Trento and Gorizia and covering the right flank of an important convoy of four transport ships (Napoli, Vettor Pisani, Mantovani and Monginevro) for Tripoli, the light cruisers Giuseppe Garibaldi and Luigi di Savoia Duca Delgi Abruzzi (VIII Division) were on the left flank. The group was screened by the destroyers Granatiere, Aviere, Ugolino Vivaldi, Geniere, Camicia Nera, Corazziere, Carabiniere, Alpino, Turbine, Emanuelle Pessagno, Antonio Da Noli and the torpedo-boat Perseo.
Trieste was hit in boiler no.3 and had 22 killed and three wounded and temporarily immobilised but at 0038 hours managed to proceed. It was estimated that she had embarked 3000 tons of water. Shortly after the light cruiser Abruzzi was hit by an aircraft torpedo and disabled but both cruisers managed to limp back to Messina while the convoy was ordered to Taranto.
The Trieste was out of action until mid-July 1942. (7)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) departed Malta for her 17th war patrol (15th in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to patrol off the Gulf of Taranto.
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) attacked the fast Italian transports Fabio Filzi (6836 GRT, built 1940) and Carlo del Greco (6837 GRT, built 1941) in the Gulf of Taranto in position 39°47'N, 17°22'E. All four torpedoes fired missed their targets.
0050 hours - Heard HE bearing 135°.
0110 hours - In position 39°47'N, 17°22'E sighted two destroyers and two merchant vessels bearing 130°, range about 6 nautical miles, enemy course 330°, speed 15 knots. Started attack.
0132 hours - Fired four torpedoes, two at each merchant ship. The nearest target was then at 5000 yards range.
0133 hours - Dived and retired to the South.
0139 hours - Heard one torpedo hit.
0150 hours - Depth charging started. About 40 were dropped throughout the night.
[The convoy was escorted by the Italian destroyers Nicoloso da Recco and Antoniotto Usodimare. Shortly after HMS Upright sent both transports to the bottom of the sea]. (7)
Operation MF 1 and the resulting first Battle of Sirte.
Operation MF 1, passage of the British supply ship HMS Breconshire to Malta.
At 2200 hours on 15 December 1941 the British supply ship HMS Breconshire (9776 GRT, built 1939) departed Alexandria being escorted by HMS Naiad (Capt. M.A.H. Kelsey, DSC, RN flying the flag of Rear-Admiral P.L. Vian, DSO and 2 Bars, RN), HMS Euryalus (Capt. E.W. Bush, DSO, DSC, RN), HMS Carlisle (Capt. D.M.L. Neame, DSO, RN), HMS Jervis (Capt. P.J. Mack, DSO and Bar, RN), HMS Kimberley (Cdr. J.S.M. Richardson, DSO, RN), HMS Kingston (Lt.Cdr. P. Sommerville, DSO, DSC, RN), HMS Kipling (Cdr. A. St.Clair Ford, RN), HMAS Nizam (Lt.Cdr. M.J. Clark, RAN), HMS Havock (Lt. G.R.G. Watkins, DSC, RN) and HMS Decoy (Lt.Cdr. J.M. Alliston, RN). This last destroyer was also to proceed to Malta for repairs to her bow that had been damaged in a collision at Alexandria. HMS Breconshire was carrying oil fuel for Malta.
At 1100/16 the Allied destroyers HMS Sikh (Cdr. G.H. Stokes, DSC, RN), HMS Maori (Cdr. R.E. Courage, DSO, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Legion (Cdr. R.F. Jessel, RN) and HrMs Isaac Sweers (Cdr. J. Houtsmuller, RNN) departed Malta. They joined up with the convoy at daylight on the 17th. During the day the convoy was attacked by enemy high level and torpedo bombers
These were followed at 1800/16 by 'Force K'; HMS Aurora (Capt. W.G. Agnew, CB, RN), HMS Penelope (Capt. A.D. Nicholl, RN), HMS Lance (Lt.Cdr. R.W.F. Northcott, RN) and HMS Lively (Lt.Cdr. W.F.E. Hussey, DSC, RN).
At dark on the 16th HMS Carlisle, HMS Havock and HMS Kingston were detached to make a W/T diversion to the eastward at midnight of the night of 16/17 and then to proceed to Alexandria. They were later joined by HMS Griffin (Capt. H.St.L. Nicolson, DSO and Bar, RN).
Enemy heavy forces were reported at sea at 2230/16 by the submarines HMS Unbeaten (Lt. Cdr. E.A. Woodward, RN) and HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) in the Gulf of Taranto area. Neither submarine was able to attack. The Italians were at sea to cover an imported Axis convoy to North Africa.
From Taranto had departed the transports Monginevro (5324 GRT, built 1940), Napoli (6142 GRT, built 1941) and Vettor Pisani (6339 GRT, built 1939). They had a close escort of the destroyers Ugolino Vivaldi, Antonio Da Noli, Nicoloso da Recco, Lanzerotto Malocello, Emanuelle Pessagno, Nicolò Zeno. From Naples the German transport Ankara (4768 GRT, built 1937) departed on the same day. She had a close escort made up of the destroyer Saetta and the torpedo-boat Pegaso.
Cover was provided by two groups of warships. One group was made up of the battleship Caio Dulio, the light cruisers Emanuele Filiberto Duca D'Aosta, Muzio Attendolo, Raimondo Montecuccoli and the destroyers Aviere, Ascari and Camicia Nera. The other, and larger group, was made up of the battleships Littorio, Andrea Doria, Guilio Cesare, heavy cruisers Gorizia, Trento and the destroyers Granatiere, Bersagliere, Fuciliere, Alpino, Corazziere, Carabiniere, Antoniotto Usodimare, Maestrale, Alfredo Oriani and Vincenzo Gioberti.
The enemy heavy forces were reported by reconnaissance aircraft at 0825/17 and again at 1525/17 when they were with their convoy and only about 60 nautical miles from the Allied convoy. Very few Allied aircraft were available for reconnaissance and shadowing was therefore not carried out at all. At 1745/17 the Allied convoy unexpectedly ran into the larger of the Italian cover forces. The Italian battleships opened fire but drew off to the northward when the Allied convoy escorts closed to attack. Contact was lost in the dark. When both forces made contact HMS Breconshire was detached with HMS Havock and HMS Decoy as escorts. They later made rendez-vous with 'Force K'.
To reinforce the convoy HMS Neptune (Capt. R.C. O'Coner, RN), HMS Jaguar (Lt.Cdr. L.R.K. Tyrwhitt, DSC, RN) and HMS Kandahar (Cdr. W.G.A. Robson, DSO, DSC, RN) were sailed from Malta.
The original convoy escorts meanwhile retired to the eastward and then proceeded to the north of Benghazi to try to intercept the enemy convoy but as it was bound for Tripoli they made no contact. They therefore retired eastwards and arrived at Alexandria during the night of 18/10 December.
HMS Breconshire and her escorts arrived safely at Malta during the night of 17/18 December 1941. (11)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) attacked a force of Italian warships off the Gulf of Taranto in position 39°33'N, 17°41'E. Four torpedoes were fired from long range but no hits were obtained.
2210 hours - Heard H.E. bearing 335°.
2220 hours - In position 39°33'N, 17°41'E sighted destroyers and large units bearing 315°, range about 6 nautical miles, enemy course 140°, speed 20 knots. Started attack.
2234 hours - Fired four torpedoes at what appeared to be a cruiser at long range. The torpedoes missed and it is thought that the speed, estimated at 18 knots, may have been to little.
[The force attacked was most likely made up of the Italian heavy cruisers Gorizia and Trento escorted by the Italian destroyers Maestrale, Alfredo Oriani and Vincenzo Gioberti. They were scouting ten miles ahead of the Littorio battle group as the First Battle of Sirte was developing.] (7)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) ended her 17th war patrol (15th in the Mediterranean) at Malta. This was the last patrol of her 1st commission. She was now sent back to the U.K. to refit. (7)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) departed Malta for Gibraltar. She was escorted out by the British minesweeper HMS Abingdon (Lt. G.A. Simmers, RNR). Due to the shortage of torpedoes in Malta, she carried only two Mark II torpedoes.
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) arrived at Gibraltar. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) departed Gibraltar for Holy Loch.
While on passage from Gibraltar for Holy Loch HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) is ordered to take up a patrol position South-West of Brest, France (in position 47°25'N, 06°30'W). The passage now became her 18th war patrol. (5)
At 2310 hours, in position 47°30'N, 06°33'W, a U-boat was sighted bearing 040°, range 3 nautical miles. Utmost dived but could not regain contact.
This was most likely the German U-boat U-753 on passage to St. Nazaire after her 1st war patrol in the North Atlantic.
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) left her patrol area and resumed her passage to Holy Loch. (5)
At 0800 hours, HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) made rendezvous off Wolfs Rock with her escort to Holy Loch, the British armed yacht HMS Breda (Capt.(Retd.) A. E. Johnston, RN). (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) arrived at Holy Loch. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) departed Holy Loch for Blyth. She was escorted by HMS Sherwood (Lt.Cdr. S.W.F. Bennetts, RN). (12)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) arrived at Blyth. (2)
HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN) commenced her refit at Blyth. (2)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) ended her refit at Blyth. (13)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) conducted exercises off Blyth. (13)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN). departed Blyth for passage to Holy Loch. She made the passage together with HMS Thunderbolt (Lt.Cdr. C.B. Crouch, DSO and Bar, RN). They were escorted by HMS Scalby Wyke (Skr. C.A. Grimmer, RNR). Off Dundee they were joined by the Dutch submarine HrMs O 14 (Lt.Cdr. H.A.W. Goossens, RNN) that was on passage to Scapa Flow.
The next day HrMs O 14 and HMS Scalby Wyke proceeded to Scapa Flow while HrMs Jan van Gelder (Lt. P.L.M. van Geen, RNN) took over the escort of HMS Utmost and HMS Thunderbolt. (14)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) arrived at Holy Loch to begin a period of trials and training. (14)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) conducted exercises in the Clyde area. These included a practice attack on HrMs Jan van Gelder (Lt.Cdr. P.L.M. van Geen, RNN). (14)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) conducted noise trials at Loch Goil. These were followed by trials near Fairlie. (14)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) conducted exercises in the Clyde area. (14)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) conducted speed trials on the Arran measured mile. (14)
HMS P 45 (Lt. H.B. Turner, RN) and HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) conducted exercises in the Clyde area with HMS La Flore. (15)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) conducted exercises in the Clyde area with HrMs Jan van Gelder (Lt.Cdr. P.L.M. van Geen, RNN). (14)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) conducted gunnery exercises in the Clyde area. These were followed by night exercises with special forces. (14)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) conducted exercises in the Clyde area with HMS La Flore. (14)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) shifted from Holy Loch to Campbeltown. (16)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) participated in A/S exercises off Campbeltown. (14)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) departed Holy Loch for passage to Gibraltar. She was to proceed to Malta to rejoin the 10th submarine flotilla. She was escorted to Bishops rock by HMS White Bear (Cdr.(Retd.) C.C. Flemming, RN).
For the daily positions of Utmost during this passage see the map below.
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) arrived at Gibraltar. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) was docked in No.3 dock at Gibraltar. (17)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) was undocked. (17)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) carried out exercises off Gibraltar. (17)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) departed Gibraltar for her 19th war patrol (16th in the Mediterranean). This was a work-up patrol in the Alboran Sea.
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) ended her 19th war patrol (16th in the Mediterranean) at Gibraltar. Before entering Gibraltar harbour she carried out A/S exercises with HMS Vansittart (Lt.Cdr. T. Johnston, RN). (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) departed Gibraltar for her 20th war patrol (17th in the Mediterranean). This was a passage from Gibraltar to Malta. She also had to take up a patrol position in the Sicilian narrows during 'Operation Pedestal'.
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) fires three torpedoes against the Italian merchant Siculo (1480 GRT, built 1906) off Marettimo. All torpedoes missed their target despite the claim for one hit.
1830 hours - Sighted a merchant vessel of about 6000 tons escorted by a CANT flying boat. Enemy course 250°, speed 14 knots. Started attack.
1921 hours - In position 38°03'N, 11°59'E fired three torpedoes from 4500 yards.
1925 hours - Heard a loud explosion from the direction of the target. HE also ceased.
1929 hours - Heard two more explosions thought to be torpedoes hitting Marettimo Island.
1935 hours - Heard HE again from the direction of the target but now only 70 revs instead of 160 revs.
1939 hours - Heard minor explosions from the direction of the target.
1946 hours - Heard two loud explosions.
1950 hours - No HE could be heard anymore.
2030 hours - Sighted the enemy ship steering 090° towards the South end of Marettimo Island.
According to Italian sources Siculo was on a trip from Naples to Tripoli escorted only by an aircraft which sighted the submarine and dropped a bomb. Siculo took avoiding action and sighted two torpedo tracks. (5)
The spirit in which to operation was carried out appears in Vice-Admiral Syfret's report: ' Tribute has been paid to the personnel of His Majesty's Ships, both the officers and men will desire to give first place to the conduct, courage, and determination of the masters, officers, and men of the merchant ships. The steadfast manner in which these ships pressed on their way to Malta through all attacks, answering every maneuvering order like a well trained fleet unit, was a most inspiring sight. Many of these fine men and their ships were lost. But the memory of their conduct will remain an inspiration to all who were privileged to sail with them. ' (19)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) ended her 20th war patrol (17th in the Mediterranean) at Malta. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) departed Malta for her 21th war patrol (18th in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to patrol off the West coast of Greece.
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) attacked the Italian merchant Nerucci (1180 GRT, built 1892) with three torpedoes West of Levkas Island, Greece. No hits were obtained as the torpedoes were seen from the air and could be evaded.
1220 hours - When in position 38°36'N, 20°30'E sighted an aircraft circling over the tops of two masts bearing 015°. Range was about 7 nautical miles.
1230 hours - Identified the targets as a 3000 tons ship escorted by one small Armed Merchant Cruiser with an aircraft overhead. They were proceeding southwards along the coast of Levkas Island. Started attack.
1256 hours - In position 38°36'N, 20°31'E fired three torpedoes from 2000 yards. Went deep upon firing. No explosions followed this attack.
1304 to 1320 hours - 20 Depth charges were dropped. None were close.
1401 hours - Returned to periscope depth. Nothing in sight.
According to Italian sources Nerucci was on passage from Preveza to Patras and Tobruk. Initially, she had sailed in convoy with Monstella (5311 GRT, built 1918) and Costante C (869 GRT, built 1901). escorted by the auxiliary Brioni, however Monstella had been torpedoed by HMS Rorqual and the convoy was diverted to Preveza. However Nerucci ran aground near Mytikae and a tug was sent to free her and she reached Preveza during the night of 31 August/1 September. She sailed from Preveza on the morning of 2 September but her escort has not yet been identified (Brioni had returned to Brindisi and Costante C. had gone ahead to Patras). The escorting aircraft dropped two bombs but could no ascertain the result. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt. A.W. Langridge, RN) was docked in No.1 dock at Malta. (20)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.W.D. Coombe, RN) departed Malta for her 22th war patrol (19th in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to patrol in the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea.
When HMS Talisman did not report to be clear of the minefields in the Sicilian Channel on the 18th Utmost was ordered to patrol off Empedocle, Sicily, Italy to find out if there was any E-boat activity originating from that port. Air reconnaissance had shown that five German E-boats were there on the 14th. They were probably fitted for minelaying and were laying new minefields along the routes used by allied submarines.
On the 22th Utmost was ordered to proceed to the Gulf of Hammamet.
At 2010 hours (zone -2) HMS Utmost (Lt. J.W.D. Coombe, RN) carried out a bombardment of Linosa Island. In 10 minutes 20 rounds (and 3 starshell) were fired. 17 Rounds had hit the target.
Italian sources indicate that an observation post on Monte Vulcano was the target but suffered no damage. Coombe came under criticism from Captain G.W.G. 'Shrimp' Simpson (Capt. S.10) as shelling a village 'seems to be carrying total war too far'. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.W.D. Coombe, RN) ended her 22th war patrol (19th in the Mediterranean) at Malta. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.W.D. Coombe, RN) departed Malta for her 23th war patrol (20th in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to patrol in the Tyrrhenian Sea. She was also to perform a special operation.
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.W.D. Coombe, RN) carried out special operation 'Blackbird'. Two Italian agents were to be landed near Napoli. It appeared the agents were detected by the enemy during the landing.
0030 hours - Surfaced near the selected landing spot (near Lido di Licola). Closed the shore.
0105 hours - The Folbot with the recovery line attached left the ship.
0145 hours - As no arranged 'signal' had been received, three strong pulls on the recovery line, the Folbot was recovered. When it arrived alongside both agents were still in it!!!. On being questioned why they had not landed they stated that it was too far for them. This seemed a very poor excuse and it looked like the agents preferred to abandon the operation. Lt. Coombe ordered them back towards the shore which they did at 0225 hours.
0321 hours - The recovery line was still running out (after being stopped several times). By now Lt. Coombe had to cut the line in order to retire to seaward to get clear of the land when dawn broke.
0405 hours - While still proceeding to seaward, flares and rockets were fired on the shore. It appeared the landing party was detected.
0416 hours - Utmost now dived and proceeded further to seaward to get in deeper water.
0425 hours - Utmost was now bottomed. The battery was now very low. They had to wait in this position for a day and proceeded to seaward to charge the next night.
The two agents are believed to have been caught and executed. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.W.D. Coombe, RN) attacked but missed a small merchant vessel with two torpedoes about 25 nautical miles South-West of Civitavecchia, Italy.
2000 hours - In position 41°54'N, 11°21'E sighted a small ship. She was quite fast, 15 knots. Fired two torpedoes from 3000 yards which missed. It was thought this was the mail streamer from Sardinia to Civitavecchia. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.W.D. Coombe, RN) torpedoed and sank the the Italian tanker Nautilus (2070 GRT, built 1921) [she is sometime referred in error as the German Languste] off Cape Figari, Sardinia, Italy in position 41°03'N, 09°43'E.
1305 hours - In position 41°03'N, 09°43'E sighted the masts and funnel of a small steamer bearing 310°. She was rounding Cape Ferro and when clear she proceeded on a course of 142°. Started attack.
1318 hours - Sighted masts and funnel of a tanker rounding Cape Ferro. She was following one mile astern of the first ship. Immediately shifted target to this vessel.
1349 hours - Fired four torpedoes from 2000 yards and went deep upon firing the last torpedo. The third torpedo had a gyro failure and passed twice overhead shortly after it had been fired, a lucky escape for Utmost.
1351 hours - Heard a large explosion thought to be the second torpedo hitting the target. HE of the target stopped and was not heard again.
1356 hours - Returned to periscope depth but immediately heard fast HE approaching so went deep again and took avoiding action. A counter attack now followed in which 19 depth charges were dropped. Some were quite close but no damage was done.
1515 hours - Returned to periscope depth. No sign of the tanker. The ship that was sighted first was still in sight and was most likely the escort for the tanker. An aircraft was also patrolling the area. Went deep again.
According to Italian sources she had been on passage from La Maddalena to Olbia escorted by the auxiliary Ipparco Baccich. The minesweeper S. Vincenzo picked up 29 survivors including two wounded, three were missing. (5)
While on the return passage to Malta, HMS Utmost (Lt. J.W.D. Coombe, RN) was ordered to take up a patrol position between Pantelleria and Lampedusa to intercept an enemy convoy to Tripoli, Libya. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.W.D. Coombe, RN) attacked an enemy convoy between Pantelleria and Lampedusa. Two torpedoes were fired but no hits were obtained.
0840 hours - In position 36°03'N, 11°56'E sighted two aircraft and the masts of four ships bearing 350°.
0850 hours - Identified the ships as three medium seized merchant ships in two columns escorted by seven destroyers disposed on each bow, beam, quarter and one right astern. Started attack to attack the leading merchant vessel of the Port column.
0932 hours - Sighted a tanker, the rear ship of the Starboard column. Shifted target to this ship.
1003 hours - Fired the last two torpedoes aboard at this tanker. Range was 6000 yards. No hits were obtained. No counter attack followed. Utmost later surfaced to make an enemy report.
[The convoy was made up of the Italian tanker Saturno (5029 GRT, built 1914) and the Italian merchants Beppe (4859 GRT, built 1912), Capo Orso (3149 GRT, built 1916), Titania (5397 GRT, built 1918). They were escorted by the Italian destroyers Antonio da Noli, Giovanni da Verazzano, Antonio Pigafetta, Ascari, Vincenzo Gioberti and Alfredo Oriani as well as the Italian torpedo boat Sagittario. The torpedo boats Nicola Fabrizi and Centauro had already left the convoy when Utmost attacked.] (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.W.D. Coombe, RN) departed Malta for her 24th war patrol (21th in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to patrol off 'the toe of Italy'.
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.W.D. Coombe, RN) attacked the Italian submarine Otaria with four torpedoes near Capo dell Armi. No hits were obtained.
1215 hours - In position 37°52'N, 15°47'E sighted a submarine bearing 300°, range 5000 yards, coming round Capo del Armi.
1220 hours - The submarine steadied on a course of 135°. Started attack.
1226 hours - Identified the target as an Italian Liuzzi-class boat.
1241 hours - Fired four torpedoes from 400 yards. No hits were obtained. The torpedoes are thought to have run under due to the short range.
1243 hours - The submarine made of at high speed.
According to Italian sources Otaria (C.C. Giuseppe Caito) was proceeding from Naples to Taranto. One torpedo was observed and avoiding action taken immediately, it passed astern or just under her stern. Four explosion were heard which were probably torpedoes at the end of their run. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.W.D. Coombe, RN) attacked an enemy cruiser force with four torpedoes about 15 nautical miles East of Augusta, Sicily, Italy. No hits were obtained.
0611 hours - Sighted three cruisers and three destroyers. The rear cruiser was nearest to Utmost so this one was selected as the target.
0637 hours - In position 37°16'N, 15°31'E fired four torpedoes at the rear cruiser from 7000 yards. Went deep upon firing.
0646 hours - Heard a heavy explosion thought to be a torpedo hit. One minute later another explosion was heard.
The enemy force was made up of the light cruisers Giuseppe Garibaldi, Luigi di Savoia Duca Delgi Abruzzi and Duca d'Aosta. They were escorted by the destroyers Alpino, Bersagliere, Camicia Nera and Granatiere. This force was on the way from Navarino, Greece to Augusta, Sicily, Italy. (5)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.W.D. Coombe, RN) departed Malta for her 25th war patrol (22th in the Mediterranean). She was ordered to patrol between Tunisia and Sicily. (2)
HMS Utmost (Lt. J.W.D. Coombe, RN) attacked the Italian auxiliary minelayer Barletta (1975 GRT) with torpedoes with torpedoes 3 miles north of Cape Blanc (Bizerta). No hits were obtained.
Barletta was on passage from Palermo to Bizerta escorted by the torpedo boat Groppo (C.C. Beniamine Farina). At 1215 hours, the minelayer observed three torpedo tracks, took evading action and dropped three depth charges. Groppo who was ahead and equipped with sonar did not observe or hear anything. Barletta went on to Bizerta while the torpedo boat turned back to search for the submarine. Groppo observed only dead fishes which marked the position of Barletta's depth charges but did not obtain a contact.
Utmost had withdrawn from the area and reported in her last signal timed 1231A/23 that she had made a successful attack. Perhaps the depth charges from Barletta had been mistaken for hits. She was in approximately 37°40'N, 11°03'E at 2200A and was expected in Malta on 25 November. Italian radio finding had detected the signal and estimated it to be from a position about 010° - 35 miles from Bizerta or approximately 37°50'N, 10°00'E. She was never heard again and disappeared with all hands.
On 25 November, Groppo sailed again from Palermo for Bizerta, escorting with the torpedo boat Sirio (s.o.) a convoy consisting of the transports XXI Aprile, Etruria and Carlo Zeno and the motorized lighters MZ.705 and MZ.756.
The same day at 1155 hours, an escorting aircraft dropped a bomb on the port side at a distance of 4000 metres and signalled a submarine. As the convoy turned to starboard, Groppo was detached to hunt. At 1210 hours an echo was obtained and four minutes later depth charges were dropped (the number is not given in the report, position 38°31.5'N, 12°01'E). The submarine was believed hit and the torpedo boat returned for a second run and claimed it sunk. After lingering in the scene for about an hour, Groppo left to rejoin the convoy.
At 1353 hours, the escorting Cant Z 506 dropped a bomb and signalled a submarine (38°32'N, 11°43'E). Again Groppo left the convoy to search the submarine. Seven minutes later the aircraft dropped a second bomb. At 1413.5 hours, Groppo sighted what appeared to be a torpedo track and at 1525 hours obtained an echo, she dropped 15 depth charges and lost the contact. However the result appeared inconclusive and Sirio ordered her to rejoin the convoy.
Although it has been sometime suggested that Groppo may have accounted for Utmost, there is considerable doubt that this was the cause of her loss. Coombe had seemed to indicate that he was returning to Malta in his last signal and he was due there on the 25th, the very day that Groppo attacked 'the submarine'. The position of Groppo's first attack was a little over 100 miles from Barletta's reported attack. It is true that it was not a great distance but it was not on her supposed route back and does not explain why Coombe would have taken his submarine in that direction without informing Malta.
In addition, the Italian analysis and assessment of Groppo's claims were not favourable; Capitano di Corvetta Farina was criticised for being too optimistic and the result of both attacks deemed to be doubtful.
It must be emphasized that echo contact and torpedo tracks were not necessarily indication that a submarine was present. A fair number of reported attacks by axis and allied forces were bogus.
It is most likely that HMS Utmost was lost on a minefield as she was returning to Malta. (21)
Personal communication
Platon Alexiades


text:
PI takes a prognostic peek into the 2018 crystal ball
Local | December 31, 2017
John Stroud
jstroud@postindependent.com
"Road Damage" signs are common along the crumbling stretch of Midland Avenue between 27th Street and the Glenwood Park area.
Post Independent file |
The 27th Street Bridge, better known as the Sunlight Bridge, is slated for replacement in 2018.
A rendering of the park area that is envisioned as part of the Sixth Street Redevelopment Master Plan.
Rendering by Studio Insite |
A rendering by consultants Shannon Murphy Landscape Architects and Charlier Associates shows the concept for a redesigned "festival street" on Seventh between Cooper and the new Grand Avenue Bridge.
City of Glenwood Springs / DDA |
A summertime birds-eye view from 2017, showing the confluence of the Roaring Fork and Colorado Rivers.
Show CaptionsHide Captions
Continuing our New Year's tradition with the flip of the calendar to 2018, the Post Independent offers up its annual predictions for the new year.
In years past we've tried to keep it serious, but we aren't at all averse to mixing it up with some slightly out there or just down right preposterous prophecies.
Our track record on the serious front isn't too bad. For 2017, we accurately foresaw that the new Grand Avenue Bridge would open ahead of schedule. It did just that the evening of Nov. 6 after a big celebration and community bridge walk, a full 10 days and 7 hours ahead of the target date.
Another of our predictions became painfully true when we said traffic through Glenwood Springs during the near-three-month bridge closure and Colorado Highway 82 detour would be worse than any of us could have imagined. Or, maybe we did imagine it, but just didn't want to believe it.
Amid all that frustration, road rage was fairly minimal with the exception of the occasional birds flying and bad language emanating from open car windows — predictable.
And an increase in bus ridership, bike commuting, walking and general errand schedule shuffling helped to ease the pain, which we also predicted.
We were, however, off base in our prediction that an anti-marijuana candidate would run for and win a seat on Glenwood Springs City Council, hell bent on closing down or severely restricting all the pot shops in town. Nor did Council take a hard swing to the right, as we thought might be the case.
And we didn't foresee the unfortunate fallout when about two dozen teachers were unexpectedly displaced due to planned student enrollment shifts before the much-anticipated opening of the new Riverview K-8 school south of Glenwood.
On the national front, we couldn't have been more correct in predicting that Democrats in Congress would give the new and much-maligned President Donald Trump about as much cooperation as Republicans gave Barack Obama during the previous eight years.
So, just as undaunted as we would have been if we'd completely struck out last year, here goes for our 2018 predictions.
seriously, folks
• After a month with virtually no snow accumulation, the heavens will open in mid-January. By mid-March some will be saying, "enough already," while those who know snow = water = money = happy will say "keep it coming" well into May. As a local ski shop employee recently reminded us, average snowfall is average snowfall. Let's hope for a heap of it to increase the numbers and start the new year right.
• As the Grand Avenue Bridge Project moves toward final, all's-said-and-done completion in June, Glenwood Springs' planning efforts will continue to be focused on the various post-bridge redevelopment projects that have already begun to take shape. Despite the desires of some city leaders and business interests to see priority given to the river confluence area and the newest diamond in the rough, Sixth Street, real needs and more immediate desires will funnel the money to rebuilding Seventh Street and the newly created plaza area under the south end of the bridge.
• In the same vein, a final design for the long-anticipated and desperately needed reconstruction of South Midland Avenue will be selected, and construction will be scheduled to begin in early 2019. That's soon after completion of the new, $8 million 27th Street (Sunlight) Bridge and related improvements, due by the end of 2018.
• A housing needs assessment being funded by local governments from Glenwood Springs to Aspen will find that there's just as much need for medium-sized, modestly-priced for-sale housing as there is for middle-income workforce rental units. The only way to get there, though, is to convince voters to create and fund a regional housing authority. While there will be a push to get such a question on the ballot this year, the consensus will be to wait another year.
• Social media protests will be abundant when the new Hanging Lake crowd control plan goes into effect. But, by mid-summer, after people get used to the new, mandatory shuttle and fee-based permit system, the popular hiking trail will be in better shape than usual. That will calm the complainers, who really just want continued access to the beautiful site.
• Glenwood Springs City Council will agree to allow electric-pedal-assist bicycles, or E-bikes, on all city bike/pedestrian paths on a permanent basis, building on the growing popularity of the alternative mode of transportation that came during the Grand Avenue Bridge closure. The Roaring Fork Transportation Authority board, on the other hand, will balk at allowing E-bikes on the greater reaches of the Rio Grande Trail. But it won't matter, because there won't be any enforcement and people will ride them anyway.
• On the Garfield County political front, an election year that will see a county commissioner seat, the sheriff, the coroner and other county-level elected offices up for grabs will be robust. The reinvigorated Garfield Democratic Party will come up with a formidable candidate to run against Republican Commissioner Tom Jankovsky, but the incumbent will win a third term by the usual comfortable margin delivered by west-end county voters.
• Garfield County's own Karl Hanlon will win the Democrats' nomination to run for the 3rd Congressional District seat against incumbent U.S. Rep. Scott Tipton. Vigorous, intelligent debate on issues common to rural interests and the mountain resort areas alike will give the incumbent all he can handle.
Well, maybe
• President Trump, with bipartisan support in Congress, will push through a massive U.S. infrastructure rehabilitation and new construction package that will put Obama's stimulus spending to shame, not to mention the national debt incurred under the latter.
• Said infrastructure bill will include the final piece of the funding puzzle to build Glenwood Springs' and Garfield County's South Bridge project, which will now have a price tag north of $65 million.
• Funding for an updated Glenwood Springs Airport master plan will get political. That will be amid concerns it might raise serious questions about the long-term value of maintaining a municipal air strip when weighed against workforce housing needs and the prospect of lowering the cost to build South Bridge. As Ward 5 City Councilman Jonathan Godes reported to fellow council members from a recent Airport Board meeting, "It's an issue for them."
• Glenwood Springs and other Colorado home rule municipalities will make some headway in their ongoing efforts to collect sales taxes on local internet retail transactions with passage of, either or both, the Marketplace Fairness Act in the U.S. Senate and the Remote Transactions Parity Act in the House. Both would serve to compel out-of-state retailers to collect remote sales tax based on the location of the consumer. Glenwood Finance Director Steve Boyd estimates the city could potentially collect an extra $1 million a year in taxes from online retailers.
• Colorado's new open primary elections in June, approved by state voters in 2016, will give greater power to unaffiliated voters, who make up the largest voting bloc in the state. With equal weight to registered Republicans and Democrats, independents will tilt the candidate selection process in favor of more populist candidates over the party-backed favorites.
• Third-party candidates will also benefit from the move away from the party elites, and will begin running legitimate candidates and campaigns against the major party candidates. Locally, look for a possible Libertarian challenge to Garfield Sheriff Lou Vallario. We'll see where that goes.
• Construction will not begin on the long-delayed new Kroger/City Market store in Carbondale. Instead, existing development rights will be sold to Amazon.com, new owners of the Whole Foods chain, clearing the way for the valley's second Whole Foods market.
in our wildest dreams
• E-bikes and regular bicycles will become so hugely popular in Glenwood Springs that the former traffic backups on Grand Avenue will be replaced by massive afternoon tire-to-tire backups on the Glenwood River Trail all the way out to Buffalo Valley.
• Always on the forefront of innovation, Parachute will approve the state's first combo drive-in movie theater and retail marijuana business. Opening night will feature a Cheech and Chong movie marathon and a package deal including four joints, a variety pack of Funyuns and samples of the latest carbonated beverage to hit local shelves, frack-a-cola.
• The Colorado Rockies will pick up where they left off in, well, June of last year actually, going up by 10 games in the NL West, only to fizzle … but wait! Blockbuster trade deadline deal brings Clayton Kershaw, Chris Sale and Alex Colome to Coors Field and … what? what?
• Jay Cutler returns to the Denver Broncos for one last hurrah to top off his, ahem, stellar career, leading the Broncos to the Super Bowl they would have won in 2010 were it not for the evil Sith Lord Belichick sending his young apprentice McDaniels on that little mission.
• President Donald Trump leaves the Republican Party and declares himself an independent, denounces the two-party duopoly, and signs an executive order opening up the presidential debates to just about anyone who says to themselves one day while looking in the mirror, "Hey, maybe I should be president."
(Post Independent staffers Carla Jean Whitley and Alex Zorn contributed to this report.)
Roaring Fork Valley's first recipient of Habitat house recalls dire times, golden opportunity
Marti Barbour was selected almost 20 years ago as the first recipient of a Habitat For Humanity house in the Roaring Fork Valley. She paid off her mortgage in June and recalled the dire times her family faced and the help that Habitat provided.
Glenwood prosecutor wins award for welfare fraud trial
UPDATE: CDOT partially re-opens one lane of Highway 325 to all travelers
Invasive mussel threat on the rise at Ruedi, other Colorado reservoirs
Sunday profile: Glenwood resident Annie Zancanella known as 'Tanzanian Tooth Fairy' after 5 months in African nation

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
By Ingrid Lind-Jahn on	 June 14, 2018 0 Comments
Is Nathan Bright really just the irresponsible, carefree, crazy, TV personality and weatherman who makes people laugh, or is there more to his story? Let's find out as we review The Weatherman #1 from Image Comics.
The year is 2770. The place is Mars, heavily populated and terraformed. The target is Nathan Bright, television personality and weatherman. The tragedy is eighteen billion people. This is the start of The Weatherman #1.
A SCI-FI THRILLER IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM
Oh, man does The Weatherman #1 pack a gut-punch. This book is rated M, in this issue mainly for violent situations. The story starts out with an old woman, Mrs. Morgan, looking at the hologram of a man. A young woman, Amanda, although we don't realize this until later, comes to pick her up and drive her to what we gradually find out is a memorial service. They each buy flowers and place them at the memorial, and we pan out to realize that this is huge, the equivalent of an enormous stadium.
It is not until the next scene (which happens the following day), that we learn that this was an annual address, by the President, to commemorate "the attack on Earth." We find this out in passing as we follow Nathan Bright starting his day. He is a TV weatherman, who is not at the studio when he's supposed to be the next segment on the morning show. We see him, still in bed, when his boss calls. He takes his time getting ready, hanging with his dog, and sauntering into the studio just in time. These pages are charming. On air, he is outrageous and funny – think morning weather celebrity amped up. How does he get away with this behavior? He makes people laugh…and forget.
Things take a sudden, darker turn as we are next introduced to a trio of bounty hunters. But then we are back to following Nathan, and his dog Sadie, as they leave the studio for the day. It's looking like a noodle bowl night for the two of them, until Amanda calls Nathan. He and Sadie meet her at the bar where she works, and he asks her out for a second date. When they leave they are being watched by the bounty hunters (a tattooed blonde female who does not speak; a Western-looking fellow who reminded me of a Lee Van Cleef character; and a burly, bald, armored type). They see that Amanda is packing. On their way back to Nathan's place, he and Amanda visit the memorial and he talks a little about how tries not to think about it.
And then all hell breaks loose. Sadie is shot and killed. (No! Not the dog!) Amanda pulls her gun, radios for her backup, and tries to pull Nathan out. Too late – the Lee Van Cleef bounty hunter shows up on the roof and knocks out her backup team, a half dozen people in full body armor. Then the female bounty hunter drops in to dispatch them – she is apparently quite the killer. The big guy bursts into Nathan's apartment and says he's there for "the weatherman." He and Amanda fight and he almost kills her when Nathan runs him through with a sword he had decorating his wall. We close with Nathan crying and cradling Sadie's body as Amanda arrests him for the murder of eighteen billion people.
GRITTY AND EXUBERANT
The art in The Weatherman #1 is solid. Settings are familiar feeling but have a lot of futuristic touches. Cars and trucks look like cars and trucks, but there are also small flying vehicles, and you can tell the billboards are electronic. Some communication is done through computers and some through black spheres. We see futuristic buildings, robots, and spaceships. We also see school girls and sports fans. It's a deft balance, setting a tale like this comfortably in the future but keeping in touch with the humanity of it. There is some humorous exaggeration in the people at times, and Sadie is plainly drawn by someone who knows dogs.
The action scenes are full of tension and really move. You can almost feel the impact of bodies hitting floors or walls. There is a fair amount of blood, and Sadie is killed on panel, which really hit me hard (she looks like a golden retriever, and I've had several goldens in my life). There are moments when the art is lighter – such as when we meet Nathan and Sadie – and it reflects just how goofy and carefree the two of them are. This makes the contrast of the fight all that much more raw and ugly.
BOTTOM LINE: WHO IS NATHAN BRIGHT, REALLY?
The Weatherman #1 wastes no time in setting up the story. I was left feeling really torn about Nathan – is he the feckless weatherman whom everyone loves even though he drives them crazy? Can someone who so loved his dog be responsible for the worst terrorist attack ever – an attack on Earth itself, leaving billions dead? If he's innocent, why is he everyone's target? If he's guilty, is he really that much of a sociopath? I honestly don't know which would be creepier. This looks like a very promising sci-fi thriller.
[taq_review]
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At Major Spoilers, we strive to create original content that you find interesting and entertaining. Producing, writing, recording, editing, and researching requires significant resources. We pay writers, podcast hosts, and other staff members who work tirelessly to provide you with insights into the comic book, gaming, and pop culture industries. Help us keep MajorSpoilers.com strong. Become a Patron (and our superhero) today.
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text:
Q: doctrine proxy OneToOne entity has the identity name set to [] but value is correct Hi i'm having a slight issue with a OneToOne relationship which when runs the below:-
$userToView = $this->view->entityManager->getRepository("Ajfit\Entity\User")
                                            ->findOneByName($userName);

This populates as intended but the a relational field called engineerFk, which is a proxy entity has the identifier field set to [] but with the value set correctly, see below:-

My User entity is this:-
class User extends PersistentObject
{
   /**
    * @var integer $pk
    *
    * @ORM\Column(name="pk", type="integer")
    * @ORM\Id
    * @ORM\GeneratedValue(strategy="IDENTITY")
    */
    protected $pk;

   /**
    * @var integer $engineerFk
    * @ORM\OneToOne(targetEntity="Ajfit\Entity\Engineer")
    * @ORM\JoinColumn(name="pk", referencedColumnName="user_fk")
    */
    protected $engineerFk;
}

My engineer entity setup like this:-
class Engineer extends PersistentObject
 {
 /**
  * @var integer $pk
  *
  * @ORM\Column(name="pk", type="integer")
  * @ORM\Id
  * @ORM\GeneratedValue(strategy="IDENTITY")
  */
 }
protected $pk;

And my sql in the database is this:-
/*user table*/

CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `pk` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  PRIMARY KEY (`pk`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=34 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin

/*engineer table */

CREATE TABLE `engineer` (
  `pk` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `user_fk` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`pk`),
  KEY `engineer_user_fk` (`user_fk`),
  CONSTRAINT `engineer_user_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`user_fk`) REFERENCES `user` (`pk`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

Any help reagrding this problem would be much apprieciated.
Thanks
Andrew

A: I think that you're defining the owning side of the relationship on the wrong entity. It should be defined on the entity that owns the foreign key.
I'm not comfortable with annotations, so I'll use YAML to describe the association.
So, for the Engineer entity, you should have something like:
oneToOne:
    user:
        targetEntity: User
        inversedBy: engineer
        joinColumn:
            name: user_fk
            referencedColumnName: pk

Then, for the User entity, the config should be like this:
oneToOne:
    engineer:
        targetEntity: Engineer
        mappedBy: user

Read this for details.
Also, with such association mapping, the Doctrine 2 console tool will generate slightly different entity classes.

A: Most likelly, it's got to do with lazy loading. Your proxy object will not be loaded until you start using it.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
'use strict';

/**
 * Module dependencies
 */
var piecesPolicy = require('../policies/pieces.server.policy'),
  pieces = require('../controllers/pieces.server.controller');

module.exports = function(app) {
  // Pieces Routes
  app.route('/api/pieces').all(piecesPolicy.isAllowed)
    .get(pieces.list)
    .post(pieces.create);

  app.route('/api/pieces/:pieceId').all(piecesPolicy.isAllowed)
    .get(pieces.read)
    .put(pieces.update)
    .delete(pieces.delete);

  // Finish by binding the Piece middleware
  app.param('pieceId', pieces.pieceByID);
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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text:
UF's recruiting experience during coronavirus crisis
Graham Hall @GrahamHall_
Florida's recruiting efforts continue in spite of the global coronavirus pandemic — with several changes and adjustments, of course.
Gators football coach Dan Mullen, speaking to the media via Zoom, said the program has transitioned from in-person recruiting to virtual tours during the COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to the texts and phone calls Mullen and his coaching staff regularly deploy in their recruiting efforts.
It's a change that, while unconventional and not the preferred method for a coach, does come with a few benefits.
"The recruiting aspect, I don't have to be at my desk to do it," Mullen said. "Wherever you have a phone and you can text kids or you can FaceTime kids, and you're calling and doing all of that part on the recruiting side of things, it's not that big of a deal."
But when it comes to the evaluation process — where coaches typically come away with far more than just an assessment of a prospect's talent — there's no doubt Mullen and Florida's coaching staff are, like all programs, in a tough spot in that regard.
And when it comes to imparting information to recruits about the program, Florida's in between a rock and a hard place, too.
"You're looking at guys that are making decisions on where they're going to school and where they're going to live, right? The difference is, between college and the pros, in college, players pick you," Mullen said. "In the pros, you get picked. They don't get to make any decision whatsoever about where they're going; they get drafted.
"So for us, it's trying to get virtual recruiting visits set up and what we can do, as much information as we can get to these recruits and help them make these decisions. That's what we can do with the limits to get them here and in person on campus, so that's always the thing that makes it tough."
However, the harsh reality is the Gators have yet to land a commitment in the seven weeks since the NCAA suspended all on-campus and off-campus recruiting. Meanwhile, the program has seen four-star defensive back Kamar Wilcoxson and three-star all-purpose back Brashard Smith back off their commitments to Florida.
Wilcoxson — who has now twice committed and later de-committed from the Gators within the last year — quickly found a new home, joining SEC Eastern division rival Tennessee just a month later, as did former UF commit Terrence Lewis, ranked the No. 9 overall prospect in the 2021 class.
While the decisions of Lewis and Wilcoxson wouldn't be cause for concern on their own, they're just a small piece in the Vols' apparent resurgence as of late on the recruiting trail.
Tennessee has added 10 commitments since the COVID-19 crisis, vaulting the Volunteers to atop the SEC in 247Sports' 2021 class ranking, largely thanks to the efforts of head coach Jeremy Pruitt, defensive coordinator Derrick Ansley and wide receivers coach Tee Martin.
When put in perspective, Tennessee's momentum has simply allowed the program to catch up to the head start UF made this cycle.
Florida is sitting comfortably at No. 4 in the nation with 14 commitments — although two are former signees Diwun Black and Deyavie Hammond, who therefore don't factor into 247Sports' ranking system. Although it remains very early in the process, Florida should sign close to 25 prospects by the conclusion of the 2021 recruiting cycle, meaning the Gators may still add double-digit prospects while already possessing a coveted top-5 ranking.
To top it all off, the Gators are weeks away from welcoming the majority of their 2020 signees to campus during summer A — which will be conducted virtually when it comes to both educational and athletic pursuits.
"We're able to have the virtual meetings, the Zoom meetings with the players. I think one of the benefits for me is I get to sit in on all those meetings," Mullen said. "I kind of just come in with no video, not audio. I just sit, kind of like sitting in the back of the room. But I get to do it for, you know, usually we're all always meeting with everybody at the same time. I can sit in during the day and I can sit in on three or four different position meetings every day. And, you know, so that's pretty good learning for me and learning what our players do and what's going on with all of them. So that's kinda exciting. And it is."
Another unprecedented issue for many to overcome in a time defined by the unexpected, it would seem.
"The ability to learn, we're trying to make the most out of this. One of the things we talked about, the coaches and our players, was just worry about what we can control," he continued. "And the big thing is, when this is over, are we gonna be the team that's prepared?� Are we the team that continued to stay in great physical shape? Are we the team that put in extra conditioning, extra training? Are we the team that spent extra time learning and maximizing what we can do, and maximizing ourselves of what we can do, so we're a better football team when we get back together than we are when we left."


Polish Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki. File Photo Xinhua.
Poland supports Romania's ambitions to accede to the EU's Schengen area border-control-free travel area, Polish Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki said on Friday.
The Polish PM spoke after consultations with her visiting Romanian counterpart Viorica Dancila.
Polish and Romanian governments signed an agreement concerning the graves of soldiers and civilian war victims, as well as places of remembrance dedicated to them.
Morawiecki stressed that it was the first international Polish-Romanian consultation during which positions had been agreed upon on a number of issues. He also stated that Polish-Romanian cooperation has been exceptionally positive for years.
The Polish PM pointed out that the Three Seas Initiative, grouping the countries between the Adriatic, Black and Baltic seas, is not "against anyone", but rather strengthens the EU and this part of Europe.
"Romania is one of our absolute key partners, both in the fields of economic and trade cooperation, as well as in the fields of defense policy, cultural policy and the broadly understood European policy," Morawiecki said.
Dancila raised the issue of historical relations between the two countries, as well as cooperation in the areas of culture, the economy and the military.


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With our unique digital sales promotions you won't struggle to reach the youth!
Source: www.promomarketing.info
Are brands missing an opportunity to enga ge with the youth market, asks Mindi Chahal
The UK's young adult population – those aged in their late teens to mid 20s – are savvy consumers to whom online and social media are second nature, which is why so many brands are using digital media in an attempt to reach them.
However, exclusive polling conducted by market research agency ICM on behalf of Promotional Marketing magazine has shown that traditional media is still most likely to generate a response from the 18-24 year old market.
In fact, young adults are slightly more likely to buy a product or service after seeing a promotion advertised on TV than the general population (28% of respondents aged 18-24 compared with 27% of all consumers).
But it is posters and radio that really deliver more impact with this age group: 10% of 18-24 year olds responded to a promotion advertised on a poster, compared to the UK average of 6%, while 5% responded to a radio ad, compared with the average of 3%. It is certainly true that some digital channels have a disproportionate impact with young adults.
While the 7% who respond to promotions on social networking sites may not seem high, it is more than twice the UK average (3%). Similarly, the 3% of young adults who respond to material sent to their mobile phones is 50% higher than the national average of 2%.
But not all digital channels deliver the youth market: email, for example, only works on 18% of 18-24 year olds, compared with the average of 24%. The research also highlights a real difference in behaviour between 18-24 year olds and the next age group up, 25-34 year olds (see table).
The latter are a lot more likely to respond to promotions in general, but particularly those using direct mail, email, couponing websites and brand's own websites. Nathan Bartlett, head of retail at ICM, comments: "The data seems to be reaffirming the belief that 18-24 year olds are a difficult group to target.
Their overall lack of responsibility (they usually have no mortgage and access to parent's money) reduces their need to respond to promotions generally. We can hypothesise that it is only when their responsibilities increase and their lifestyles become less transient, moving towards the 25- 34 year old subgroup, that promotions become more relevant to them."
The youth market is made up of "highly active consumers, particularly in areas like entertainment, snack foods, technology, fashion, travel, cosmetics and healthcare," observes Luke Mitchell, managing partner of the youth and student marketing consultancy, Reach Students.
Many in this age range are students, of course. Mitchell points out that students represent approximately half the youth market, and adds: "Students are somewhat immune to recession. They have money at university and the majority now work part-time to supplement income. But in my experience, 18-25 year olds always find the money for what they want."
Not everyone agrees that young adults are hard to reach. James Eder, co-founder and commercial director of studentbeans.com, argues: "They are usually clear on what they want and have fully-formed perceptions on different products, services, brands and outlets. Brands need to therefore push out messages that are relevant to the youth market and via mediums that they actually use."
Nathan Bartlett also points out that while some young adults do react to some traditional media approach, the research results may be skewed because promotional activity through newer media channels may not always be recognised as such. "The channel itself could reduce the feeling that it is direct selling," he says.
Engagement via social media is increasingly being used. Last month, research agency Conquest released a report into the social media habits of 16-24 year olds. It found that over a third of respondents said they have become a fan of at least one brand, product or company on Facebook.
Another major function of social media is the ability to share promotions, and brand information with friends. James Layfield, managing director at agency The Lounge Group, comments: "There is no one channel that's right. It's more sophisticated. There is a three screen generation who will sit with the TV on while on their laptop and mobile using all three at the same time. The youth market fully embraces social and geo-location functions like Facebook Places and BlackBerry Foursquare. Sharing is the way that you do everything."
Layfield continues: "Our ethos is 'only the market gets the market'." The Conquest research found that 91% of 16-24 year olds check their Facebook accounts over six times a day, with 30% on the site for over an hour a time.
This represents a major opportunity to reach the youth market, argues James Eder at studentbeans.com: "Brands are looking to build loyalty among a sector with disposable income and who are forming their brand allegiances and purchasing choices for life. Today's students are tomorrow's ABC1 consumers."


<> note: Just wanted to mention that several people over the years have researched this family trying to find the nativity of Andrew English. In 1947 Dr. W.D. English of Texarkana, Arkansas sent my father-in-law a copy of his research findings in a manuscript The Lineage of the English Family . Than Nadine English Watson put together a book in 1985 entitled English Family History. Phil Garn and his late father also worked to find the origin of this English family. I'm hoping with the Help of DNA we can someday find that origin.


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Flash-grilled: Dorian Janmaat
Related tags: Chef
The head chef at The Idle Rocks and St Mawes Hotel in Cornwall on his admiration of Raymond Blanc, the importance of chef development, and pairing oysters with Bloody Marys.
What was your first industry job?
I was lucky enough to get my first job working in a pizza restaurant – I started off washing dishes, then rolling out the dough, and eventually perfecting oven baking.
If you weren't in kitchens, what would you do?
Being a bit of a petrol head, I've always loved motorsport, so in another world I'd most likely be rally driver or involved in motocross.
What industry figure do you most admire, and why?
Raymond Blanc, purely because of his incredible work ethic and what he has done for our industry in pushing the boundaries of taste and food combinations. To hold two Michelin stars for over 35 years is a staggering achievement.
Pet hate in the kitchen?
Unnecessary food wastage is definitely my pet hate, and when stock isn't rotated properly that's when it happens the most. I was always taught to use up all the ingredients you have first and then use the newer stuff later – it's always worked for me and massively reduces wastage which can be a huge problem in the hospitality industry.
What's the oddest thing a customer has said to you?
The customer: "Excuse me was there a reason I didn't have Christmas pudding for lunch today."
Me: "Yes madam, because you had the 'Yule log' and no one really likes Christmas pudding."
Sum up your cooking style in a single sentence…
My cooking style is simple; it is produce driven and I use ingredients only when they're in season and at their peak to ensure that every single dish I make has the optimum intensity and flair.
What's the worst review you've ever had?
It has to be the steak, although it was a complaint about quality rather than my cooking. But we learn from the negatives and focus on the many positives!
Which single item of kitchen equipment could you not live without?
I like a large thick chopping board, once you've had the big ones you can't go back! Also leaves room for your coffee.
What would you choose to eat for your last meal?
'Spaghetti alle vongole' - beautiful fresh clams with loads of garlic, chilli and parsley. And a glass of viognier!
À la carte or tasting menu?
I prefer an à la carte menu, you might have to think a bit harder but it's a small joy in life going to a restaurant and choosing exactly what you want – it also means you can try other people's dishes so you get a taste of everything.
Favourite fast food joint?
Wimpy's… nah only joking. It's a tough one. If I'm in American then it has to be In-N-Out.
MasterChef or Great British Menu?
GBM of course… much more imaginative with the stories and props.
Where do you go when you want to let your hair down?
Ibiza – but not the party side. I love it for its beauty and unreal beaches.
Favourite food and drink pairing (the more obscure, the better)?
It's got to be the classic jumbo oysters and a really spicy Bloody Mary, while hungover of course.
What do you consider your signature dish?
Has to be my brill with parsley farfalle, pickled girolles, bacon, sea herbs and aged parmesan velouté - so simple, but very very tasty.
What advice would you give someone starting out in the industry?
Although working in a busy kitchen can often be a seen as a team profession, I think as a young chef it's so important to focus on your own development, to always listen to your colleagues and learn, reflect and react well to feedback regardless of whether it's good or bad. It's also so important to work somewhere which values you and shares your work ethic. If you invest your time in them, they'll invest their time in you.
Related topics: Chef, People, Restaurant
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