text:
... bio ... projects ... slippage ... preneo ...
Nanette Wylde
nwylde at preneo dot org
Born: California
Resides: Redwood City, California
Education: MFA, Ohio State University, 1996; BA, San Jose State University, 1986.
Employment: Professor Emerita, Art and Art History, California State University, Chico.
Laura Russell, Portland, Oregon
Vamp & Tramp Booksellers, Birmingham, Alabama
Public and Institutional Collections
Selected Exhibitions, Distinctions and Publications
Hidden Voices: Aesthetics of Change, Woodbury Art Museum, Orem, Utah. Juror: Ashlee Whitaker.
You Are The Tree, Redwood City Art Kiosk, Redwood City, California. Curator: Lance Fung/FC Projects and Redwood City Improvement Association.
First Impressions, Davis Art Center, Davis, California.
Perception of Place, Pacific Grove Art Center, Pacific Grove, California. Juror: Marianne McGrath.
Eco Echo: Unnatural Selection, Gallery Route One, Point Reyes, California.
Printmaking Residency & Exhibition, Palo Alto Art Center, Palo Alto, California.
Bound and Unbound V, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota. Juror: Jessica Drenk.
13th Annual California Centered: Printmaking Exhibition, Merced County Arts Council, Merced, California. Juror: Joseph Tipay
HBC 47: Handbookbinders of California, Skylight Gallery, San Francisco Public Library, San Francisco, California.
Traditional Techniques: Contemporary Prints, The Barn Gallery, Woodland, California.
Print It!, Village Theatre Art Gallery, Danville, California.
On Longing and Other Stories, Mohr Gallery, Finn Center, Mountain View, California.
Remarkable Lives: The Intertwined Worlds of Birds and Humans, Valene L. Smith Museum of Anthropology, California State University Chico, Chico, California.
Eco Echo: Art and Environment Laboratory, ARTLab Gallery, Cubberly Artist Studios, Palo Alto, California.
Food Glorious Food, The Art Center-Highland Park, Highland Park, Illinois.
Bibliophoria V, Sebastopol Center for Arts, Sebastopol, California. Curator: Macy Chadwick.
Tales of the Sea, South Haven Center for the Arts, South Haven, Michigan.
Betweenscapes, SOMArts, San Francisco, California. As a part of Al-Mutanabbi Street Starts Here.
Points of Departure, Bridge ARTSpace Gallery, Richmond, California.
Bookworks, San Francisco Center for the Book, San Francisco, California.
Eco Echo: Unnatural Selection, WORKS San José, San José, California.
Global Matrix IV International Print Exhibition, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio.
The Art of Our Century, Woodbury Art Museum, Oren, Utah. Juror: Nick Mendoza.
The Art of the Book, Seager/Gray Gallery, Mill Valley, California.
Bound and Unbound IV, University South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota. Juror: Eli Show.
#Resist, Nave Gallery, Somerset, Massachusetts. Curators: Susan Berstler and Greg Cook.
Art of Gastronomy II, Healdsburg Center for the Arts, Healdsburg, California. Jurors: Franco Dunn, Vicky Kumpfer and Diana Jameson.
Celebrate!, Anderson Academic Commons, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado. Juror: Sha Towers.
2017 Wheaton Biennial: Printmaking Reimagined, Beard & Weil Galleries, Wheaton College, Norton, Massachusetts. Juror: Andrew Raftery.
Global Matrix IV International Print Exhibition, Traveling exhibition
Robert L. Ringel Gallery and the Stewart Center Gallery at Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.
Wright State University, Fairborn, Ohio.
Idaho Booker's Dozen 2017, Traveling exhibition, Idaho Center for the Book, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho. Juror: Stephanie Bacon.
Al-Mutanabbi Street Starts Here: Transcendent Hope, Rosenberg Library, City College of San Francisco. Curator: Art Hazelwood.
words|matter, Arts on Elston, Chicago, Illinois. Curator: Eileen Madden.
Politics (NOT) as Usual, Branner Spangenberg Gallery, Redwood City, California. Curator: Martha Branner.
Anne and Mark's Art Party, San Jose, California. Curators: Anne and Mark.
Shapeshifting Texts, International Conference on Digital Media and Textuality, Bremen, Germany. Curator: Daniela Côrtes Maduro.
Absence and Presence: A Printmaking Response to the Bombing of Al-Mutanabbi Street
Graphic Arts Workshop, Scuola Internaziale di Grafica, Venice, Italy
The Art of the Book, Sebastopol Center for Arts, Sebastopol, California. Curator: Betsy Davids. Merit Award.
Wanderlust, 23 Sandy Gallery, Portland, Oregon. Curator: Laura Russell.
Home, Art Ark Gallery, San Jose, Cupertino, California. Curator: Valerie Raps.
Look! Book Arts, Healdsburg Center for the Arts, Healdsburg, California. Curator: Cheryl Itamura.
Flow, 23 Sandy Gallery, Portland, Oregon. Curator: Laura Russell.
Nothing is Here: DaDa is its name, Branner Spangenberg Gallery, Redwood City, California. Curator: Michael Paulker.
Contemporary Book Arts, Geisel Library, Saint Anselm College, Manchester, New Hampshire. Curators: Kimberly Kersey Asbury and Alicia Bailey.
An Inventory of Al-Mutanabbi Street
The Collins Gallery, Multnomah Central Library, Portland, Oregon.
Kaleider, Exeter, U.K.
George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia.
The Frank & Katrina Basile Gallery at the Herron School of Art and Design, The Herron Art Library of IUPUI University.
The Printed Page II, Abecedarian Gallery, Denver, Colorado. Juror: Sarah Carter.
Lovers and Other Strangers, Branner Spangenberg Gallery, Redwood City, California. Curator: Martha Branner and Michael Paulker.
Book Arts Preview Exhibition, Geisel Library, Saint Anselm College, Manchester, New Hampshire. Curators: Kimberly Kersey Asbury and Alicia Bailey.
Elemental, Art Ark Gallery, San Jose, California. Curator: Jamilla Rufaro.
Bookish, San Pablo Art Gallery, San Pablo, California. Curator: Jamilla Rufaro.
Mooncakes, Churros, and Cherry Pie, The Euphrat Museum, Cupertino, California. Curator: Diana Argabrite.
Absence and Presence: A Printmaking Response to the Bombing of Al-Mutanabbi Street, San Francisco Center for the Book, San Francisco, California. Curators: Art Hazelwood and Mary Austin.
L.A.S.E.R. UC Davis, Davis, California. Curator: Anna Davidson.
Book Art Art Book, Crawford Campus Center Gallery, The Episcopal Academy, Newtown Square, Pennsylvania. Curator: Susan Coote.
(This is Ourselves) Under Pressure! 1890 Bryant Street Studios, Paper on the Press 2014, San Francisco, California. Curator: Anne Beck.
Bookworks 2014, San Francisco Public Library, San Francisco, California.
Central Library of Rochester and Monroe County - Rochester, New York.
Monumental Ideas in Miniature Books III, SGCI at San Francisco State University and traveling.
The Printed Page, Abecedarian Gallery, Denver, Colorado. Juror: Aaron Cohick and Jessy Randall.
Deep Reading, The Euphrat Museum, Cupertino, California. Curator: Diana Argabrite.
Commission for Lauren Gunderson's Silent Sky, TheatreWorks, Mountain View Center for Performing Arts, California.
Undercurrents, Peninsula Museum of Art, Burlingame, California.
Artist Book Commission: Awagami Paper/Awagami Museum, Japan.
85 Years, Menlo College Art Gallery, Menlo College, Menlo Park, California.
Cornered, J. Willard Marriott Library, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Animated Type Showcase. Curators: Barb Tetenbaum and Marilyn Zornado.
CBAA Conference, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Northwest Animation Festival, Portland, Oregon.
Digital Textualities, Women Shift Digital Conference, London, U.K. Curator: Maria Mencia.
0P3NR3P0.NET, Furtherfield Gallery, London.
The Sheffield International, Bank Street Arts, Sheffield, England.
Poignant to Playful: Pop Up and Movable Books, 23 Sandy Gallery, Portland, Oregon. Curator: Laura Russell.
The Politics of _______, PRESS Gallery, North Adams, Massachusetts. Curator: Melanie Mowinski.
DIY (Visits Chicago): Photographers and Books, The Center for Book and Paper, Columbia College, Chicago. Jurors: Greg Harris, Karen Irvine, Jessica Cochran, and Steve Woodall.
Public Art Commission for New Works Festival, Lucie Stern Theatre, TheatreWorks, Palo Alto, California.
Character Profile, Root Division, San Francisco, California. Curator: Jon Fischer.
Rio Grande Review Digital Edition, University of Texas at El Paso. Editors: Scott Rettberg, Leonardo Flores and Juan Pablo Plata
500 Handmade Books, Volume Two, Lark Books. Curator: Julie Chen.
The John Rylands Library, Manchester, UK
The Cambridge Arts Council, Cambridge, Massachusetts
Center for Book Arts, New York City
Literary & Philosophical Society Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
Earth • Science • Art, USGS Headquarters, Reston, Virginia. Curator: Lisa Hochstein.
Glyph: Text in Art, Art Ark Gallery, San Jose, California. Curator: Susanna Davy.
The Book As Art, Cooperative Gallery, Binghamton, New York. Curator: Margaret Johnston.
Diverse Paths, public art commission for the Palo Alto Art Center, ZERO1 San Jose.
Feminism and the Artist's Book, Central Booking, Brooklyn, New York. Curator: Maddy Rosenberg.
Posted, Printmaking Center of New Jersey, Branchburg, New Jersey. Curator: Jessica Peterson.
How to Read a Book: an artists' books reading room, Lawton Gallery, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay. Curator: Stephen Perkins.
X Libris, Root Division, San Francisco, California. Curator: MicroClimate Collective.
Fukushima Biennale 2012, Fukushima, Japan. Curator: Koichi Watanabe.
Earth*Science*Art, R. Blitzer Gallery, Santa Cruz, California. Curator: Lisa Hochstein.
The New River: a journal of digital writing and art, Spring 2012, Virginia Tech, Virginia. Editor: Khalilah Boone
Man as Object: Reversing the Gaze, The Kinsey Institute Gallery, Bloomington, Indiana. Curator: Karen Gutfreund.
Artists' Book Cornucopia III, Abecedarian Gallery, Denver, Colorado. Juror: Tony White.
Bookstore, Drift Station, Lincoln, Nebraska
Florigenium, an anthology of digital poetics by Patricia Minks, University of Vienna, Austria
DYAD, Art Ark Gallery, San Jose, California. Curator: Valerie Raps.
FILE RIO 2012, Media Art Gallery, Oi Futuro-Flamengo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The Altered Book, Marin Museum of Contemporary Art, Novato, California
Encoded Structures: Interpreting the Story, Handmade & Bound, Watkins College of Art, Nashville, Tennessee. 2nd Place Award.
Uncommon Threads, 23 Sandy Gallery, Portland, Oregon. Curator: Laura Russell. Best of Show Award.
15th Anniversary Exhibition, San Francisco Center for the Book, San Francisco, California. Curators: Mary Austin & Kathleen Burch.
Man as Object: Reversing the Gaze, SOMArts Cultural Center, San Francisco. Curator: Tanya Augsburg.
The Asian Connection: Art in a Global Age; Asian Arts Gallery at Towson University, Towson, Maryland. Curator: J. Susan Isaacs.
The Electronic Manuscript. Curator: Judy Malloy.
Bibliophoria II, Sebastopol Center for the Arts, Sebastopol, California. Juror: Sas Colby.
FILE 2011, Galeria de Arte do SESI, São Paulo, Brazil.
Bookworks, San Francisco Public Library, San Francisco, California.
The Join and Cast Guide to Contemporary Art, Phoenix, Arizona.
Re-generation, selected works from the Web Biennial at Plato Sanat, Istanbul. Curator: Marcus Graf.
The Altered Book, Marin Museum of Contemporary Art, Novato, California. Juror: Donna Seager. Honorable Mention.
Elemental, Krause Center for Innovation, Los Altos Hills, California.
Kindred Spirits, Butte College, Oroville, California.
Benefit, WORKS/San Jose, San Jose, California. Curators: Jennifer Campbell & Catherine Akins.
Dolled Up, Gualala Art Center, Gualala, California. Curator: Jane Reichhold.
IDEAS10: Art and Digital Narrative, IDMAA, Emily Carr University, Vancouver, Canada. Curator: Dena Eber.
Wild Culture: Ecological Perspectives, Roy C. Moore Art Gallery, Gainesville State College, Oakwood, Georgia. Curator: Beth Sale.
Bay Area Book Artists, Olive Hyde Art Gallery, Fremont, California
Illuminated Ark, Art Ark Gallery, Zer01 San Jose, San Jose, California. Curator: Valerie Raps
Identity, Roy C. Moore Art Gallery, Gainesville State College, Oakwood, Georgia. Curator: Beth Sale.
Proximity Mag 007
The Mythical State of Jefferson,The Schneider Museum of Art, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, Oregon. Curator: Michael Crane.
Show and Bestow, Clarence Ward Art Library, Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio
FLAT Journal. Editor: Karol Shewmaker.
Miniature Artists' Books by American Artists, Baku Biennale Aluminium, Baku, Azerbaijan. Curator: Suzanne Reese-Horvitz.
Visual Communication Quarterly, Volume 16, Number 3, July - September 2009, Special Edition: Analog Interactivity. Editor: xtine
Show and Bestow: the Ruth Hughes Collection of Artists' Books, Free Library of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
BookOpolis 09, Asheville Bookworks, West Asheville, North Carolina
soundsRite, University of Western Sydney, Austraila. Curators: Hazel Smith & Roger Dean.
Breaking the Space, Speculum Artium '09, Delavski Dom Trbovlje, Trbovlje, Slovenia. Curator: Evelin Stermitz.
Polyglot: Expressive Media in Book Arts, Gualala Arts Center, Gualala, California. Curator: Penny Nii.
Digital Art and Narrative, Computers and Writing 2009 Conference, UC Davis, Davis, California. Curator: Jonathan Alexander.
The Doll Show, Olive Hyde Art Gallery, Fremont, California.
Conversations, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Library at San José State University, San José, California.
100Quotes, RomaEuropa Fakefactory.
Dog-Eared, Purdue University, West Layfayette, Indiana.
The Art of Democracy, Booksmart Studio Gallery, Rochester, New York.
Balancing Perspectives: East Asian Influences in Contemporary Art, JFKU, Berekely, California. Curators: Mike Grady & Robert Melton.
Good Buy: Cruel World, Space 47, San Jose, California.
Portraits, Vino Locale, Palo Alto, California.
Art and Politics '08, The Showroom Gallery at Hub-Bub, Spartanburg, South Carolina.
DigitalArt.LA, Los Angeles Center for Digital Art, Los Angeles, California. Curator: Rex Bruce.
What Does Compassion Look Like?, ArtXchange Gallery, Seattle, Washington. Curator: Lauren Davis.
Visionary Landscapes, ELO, Vancouver, Washington. Curator: Dene Grigar.
21st Stuttgart Filmwinter: Festival for Expanded Media, Stuttgart, Germany.
Meaning Maker, The Portland Art Center, Portland, Oregon.
Inscribing Meaning: Context of Text in Visual Art, GCSU Museum Focus Gallery, Milledgeville, Georgia. Curator: Shannon Morris.
The Qi Project, The Krause Center for Innovation Art Gallery, Los Altos Hills, California.
FILE Rio 2008, Oi Futuro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Meaning Matters: Projects from PreNeo Press, The Humanities Center Gallery, Chico, California.
Artist Residency, Kala, Berkeley, California.
Moving Cultures (. . . all over the map), Euphrat Museum, Cupertino, California. Curator: Jan Rindfleisch.
Crossroads, Rhonda Schaller Studio, New York, New York.
Corporate Art Expo '07, The Lab, San Francisco, California. Curator: Shane Montgomery.
cyber feminism past forward, Vienna, Austria. Curator: Evelin Stermitz.
Access, Rhonda Schaller Studio, New York, New York.
Pabellon dd, Juan Ismael Art Center, Puerto del Rosario, Canary Islands, Fuerteventura, Spain.
Bound to Inspire, Olive Hyde Art Gallery, Fremont, California.
FILE Rio, Telemar Cultural Center, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The Art of Book Art, 1212 Gallery, Burlingame, California.
Launch: Projects by PreNeo Press, Krause Center for Innovation Gallery, Los Altos Hills, California.
The Encouraging Force of Nature, Coyote Point Museum, San Mateo, California.
Wiseman Gallery, Grants Pass, Oregon.
Thailand 3rd New Media Arts Festival, Bangkok, Thailand.
Shared Passions, Euphrat Museum, Cupertino, California. Curator: Jan Rindfleisch.
Descriptors, Merced College Art Gallery, Merced, California.
ebaybies, Humanities Center Gallery, CSU Chico, Chico, California.
Slippage: Wording the Thought Bubble, Works/San José, San José, California.
Beauty and the Beast, Athens Institute of Contemporary Art, Athens, Georgia.
Touch my Books, Los Gatos Museum of Art, Los Gatos, California.
A Book in Hand, Diablo Valley College, Pleasant Hill, California.
Publish or Perish at INFEST: Artists Run Culture, Open Space Resource Centre, Victoria, British Columbia.
Pabellon dd at Observatori 03, Valencia, Spain
Exit Gallery, University of Nevada, Reno
Intervals (forms and variatons on relational space), Artists Television Access, San Francisco, California
Interfacing Ideas, Blue Room Gallery, San Francisco, California. Curator: Erika Gentry.
Digital Visions, University of British Columbia, Canada
ChiangMai First New Media Art Festival, CMU Art Museum, Chiang Mai, Thailand
ISEA 2002, Nagoya, Japan
WORD PLAY: Electronic Flipbooks, Krause Center for Innovation, Foothill College, Los Altos Hills, California
5th International Meeting of Experimental, Sound and Visual Poetry, Buenos Aires, Argentina
The Political Woman, WMG, Chicago, Illinois
SIGGRAPH 2002, San Antonio, Texas
Assumptions: Performative Texts, Serra House, Institute for Research on Women and Gender, Stanford, California
Electronic Literature Organization's State of the Arts Symposium Gallery, Los Angeles, California
15th Stuttgart Filmwinter: Festival for Expanded Media, Stuttgart, Germany
Lasers in the Jungle: Humans & Technology, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California
New Media Connections, The Tech Museum of Innovation, San José, California
The Impact of YLEM, SOMARts, San Francisco, California
wigged.net, online venue for time-based art
Fuzzy Logic, Southern Exposure @ Project Artaud, San Francisco, California
72nd Crocker Kingsley Exhibition, Crocker Art Museum, Sacramento, California
Book Nook, WORKS/San Jose, San Jose, California
Commission, from Tapestry & Talent of San José for creation and exhibition of Belief Manifesto
Artists' books, Art from Books, Sketchbooks, Sunnyvale Arts Center, Sunnyvale, California
ART-TECH @ West Valley, West Valley College Art Gallery, Saratoga, California
A Good Read. Selections from the book arts, Euphrat Museum, Cupertino, California
Digital Arts Pavilion, Palo Alto Festival of the Arts, Palo Alto, California
The Archaeology of Being, WORKS San José, San Jose, California
Psychic, Spiritual, Physical, and/or Emotional Baggage, The Luggage Store, San Francisco, California
Nothing But Time, Southern Exposure @ Project Artaud, San Francisco, California
Bound to Amaze You, Koret Gallery, Palo Alto, California
Art of the Digital Age, City Gallery, San Jose, California
Serious Play in Search of Meaning, Skyline College, San Bruno, California
A White Glove Affair, Los Gatos Museum, Los Gatos, California
Chik Tek '97: Women Artists Defining Technology, ART-TECH, San Jose, California
Bay Arts '97, Belmont, California. First Place Award.
Public Art Grant, San Mateo County Philanthropic Ventures Foundation
Achenbach Foundation for Graphic Arts, Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, San Francisco, California
Bainbridge Island Museum of Art, Bainbridge Island, Washington
Bank Street Arts, Artists' Book Collection, Sheffield, U.K.
Baylor University, Waco, Texas
Book Arts Program at the J. Willard Marriott Library, University of Utah
Brown University, Hay Library, Special Collections, Poetry Collection
College Book Arts Association
Columbia College, Chicago, Illinois
Cornell University Library, Ithica, New York
Denison University, Doane Library, Special Collections
Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
George Mason University, Fenwick Library, Special Collections, Fairfax, Virginia
Harvard University Fine Arts Library
Maryland Institute of Art, Decker Library, Special Collections
Mills College, F.W. Olin Library, Oakland, California
Minnesota Center for the Book, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Rotch Library, Cambridge, Massachusetts
Museum of the Miniature Book, Baku, Azerbaijan
New York Public Library, Schomburg Center, Special Collections, New York
The Oakland Museum of California, Oakland, California
Otis College of Art & Design, Library, Artist Book Collection
Pacific Northwest College of Art, Portland, Oregon
Peninsula Museum of Art, Burlingame, California
Queen Elizabeth II Library Special Collections, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland
Ringling College of Art, Sarasota, Florida
The Ruth Hughes Artists' Book Collection, Oberlin College, Ohio
San Jose State University, King Library, Special Collections
San Francisco Center for the Book, San Francisco, California
Savannah College of Art and Design, Savannah, Georgia
School of the Museum of Fine Arts Library, Boston, Massachutes
Southern Graphics Council International
Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, California
Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Kinder, Berlin, Germany
Telavi Iakob Gogebashvili State University, Artists' Books Collection, Republic of Georgia
The Center for the Study of the Book, The Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio
University of California, Berkeley, Environmental Design Library, Special Collections
University of California, Berkeley, Bancroft Library, Special Collections
University of California, Davis, Shields Library, Special Collections, Davis, California
UCLA Arts Library, Special Collections, Los Angeles, California
UCLA Darling Biomedical Library, Special Collections, Los Angeles, California
University of California, Santa Cruz, McHenry Library, Special Collections
University of Colorado, Norlin Library Special Collections, Boulder, Colorado
University of Delaware, Library, Special Collections
University of San Diego, Copley Library, Special Collections
University of Utah Rare Book Archives
University of Washington Libraries, Special Collections
University of Wisconsin, Green Bay, Wisconsin
Washington State University Vancouver, E-Lit Collection
Bay Area Book Artists. Menlo Park Library, Menlo Park, California, 2014.
Digital Humanities. New Works Festival, Palo Alto, California, 2013, with Tom Bruett.
Conceptually Bound 3. University Art Gallery, California State University, Chico and Mohr Gallery, Community School of Music and Art, 2007 - 2008.
Slippage: fragilities and instabilities in the phenomena of meaning. ISEA/ZeroOne San Jose, 2006.
Small Colored Squares. Humanities Center Gallery, CSU Chico, Chico, California, 2005.
Conceptually Bound 2. Coyote Gallery, Butte College, Oroville, California, 2002.
Conceptually Bound. 1078 Gallery, Chico, California, 2001.
Making Meaning: Banners & Icons by Kent Manske. Humanities Center Gallery, CSU Chico, Chico, California, 2000.
Narrative Structures. ART-TECH: Silicon Valley Institute of Art and Technology, San Jose, California, 1998, with Monica Vasilescu.
Roots and Offshoots: Silicon Valley's Arts Community, by Jan Rindfleisch, Ginger Press, 2017.
Anna Koster, "Peninsula Artists Sign up for Anne and Mark's Art Party" The Mercury News, September 2016.
J.R. Carpenter, "Translation, transmutation, transmediation, and transmission" TRANS.MISSION [A.DIALOGUE] Le laboratoire de recherches sur les oeuvres hypermediatiques, 2014.
Samira Nadkarni, "Storyland" I Love E-Poetry, February 2014.
Literary Gaming by Astrid Ensslin, The MIT Press, 2014.
Scott Rettberg, "Human Computation in Electronic Literature" Handbook of Human Computation edited by Pietro Michelucci, 2013.
Digital Prohibition: Piracy and Authorship in New Media Art by Carolyn Guertin, Continuum, 2012.
Contemporary Literature: The Basics, by Suman Gupta, Routledge, 2012.
Scott Rettberg, "Dada Redux: Elements of Dadaist Practice in Contemporary Electronic Literature" Fiberculture Journal, Digital Art & Culture Conference Perth, Issue 11, 2008.
Debra Koppman, "Moving Cultures at The Euphrat Museum of Art" Artweek, December 2007.
Sonia Easaw, "Exhibit pushes limits: Cultural boundaries confronted in latest exhibit at Euphrat" La Voz, October 2007.
Aimee Le Duc, "Corporate Art Expo Ô07 at The LAB" Artweek, June 2007.
Stephanie Ellis, "Corporate Art Expo Ô07" Stretcher, May 2007.
Todd Berman, "Meaning Maker at The Lab" The Art DonÕt Stop.org, April 2007.
Yasser Rashid, "Slippage" Furtherfield, August 2006.
Celeste Connor, "Bound to Inspire at Olive Hyde Gallery" Artweek, March 2006.
Theory Into Poetry: New Approaches to the Lyric edited by Eva Muller-Zettelmann, Eva Muller-Zettelmann Margarete Rubik, Rodopi, 2005.
Edith Decker, "Wiseman features prints, installation" Grants Pass Daily Courier, October 1, 2005.
MaryRose Lovegren, "Precious and Scary" Chico News & Review, March 5, 2005.
Megan Kumler, "Wylde at Merced College" Blue Devil's Advocate, March 2005.
Lauren Evans, "Dolling Up Online Auctions" The Orion, March 2, 2005.
Anita Amirresvani, "Tactile Texts" San Jose Mercury News, July 3, 2004.
Nora Raggio, "Slippage at Works" Works San Jose Newsletter, Spring 2004.
Elizabeth Joe, essay and interview, Digital Visions, May 2003.
neural.it, net.art review, April 2003.
Stuttgarter Zeitlung online, net.art review, January 2003.
Scott Brennan-Smith, "Reading Art" Chico News & Review, October 3, 2002.
Shannon Re, "Art You Can Touch" The Roadrunner, October 7, 2002.
Dena Eber, "SIGGRAPH 2002 Art Gallery: Process and Product" Computer Graphics, Vol. 36 No.3, Summer 2002.
Miki Kanai, Web Reviews n. paradoxa, Vol.10, 2002.
Sarah Ratchye, "Art at the Institute" Institute for Research on Women and Gender, Vol.27, No. 2, Spring/Summer 2002.
Zu Vincent, "Conceptually Bound at 1078 Gallery" Artweek, Vol. 32 No. 6, June 2001.
"Page Turners" Chico News & Review, Vol. 24, No. 39, 4/19/2001.
Melissa Gulden, "Practice What You Teach" The Orion, Vol.41 Issue 2, September 1998.
Terri Cohn, "Chik Tek '97 at Art-Tech" Artweek, Vol. 29 No. 2, February 1998.
Chiori Santiago, "Where serious art is child's play" San Jose Mercury News, December 21, 1997.
Ann Elliott Sherman, "Return to Gender" Metro , December 11, 1997.
The Application of a Feminist Aesthetic to Computer-mediated Art by J. Dawn Mercedes, Ohio State University, 1996.


Château Ksara Reserve du Couvent 2014 featured in Square Meal Magazine by Mark De Wesselow – Co-Founder and MD of Square Meal Magazine.
Influencers were invited to Château Ksara harvest.
Château Ksara Summer Stories Campaign featured in ARABAD September 2017 Issue.
Founded in 1857 by Jesuit Priests who produced the country's first dry red wine, Château Ksara is Lebanon's oldest, largest and most visited winery, attracting some 40,000 visitors per year.


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Why Abilene's History Fits Perfectly in Yellowstone Spinoff '1883'
Ally Published: January 12, 2022
Via ashistory.unt.edu
If you haven't been around an Internet connection or the Paramount Network recently, you might not know that 1883 is the spinoff series that tells the story of Dutton family ancestors traveling from Fort Worth, Texas to Montana.
Episode 4 of Season 1 premiered on January 9, 2022, and saw the main characters (played by country superstars Tim Mcgraw and Faith Hill, along with acting great Sam Elliott) ford the Brazos River in Texas as they continue westward. We already know that the show was shooting near the 6666 Ranch in Guthrie, north of Abilene, but it's still fun to theorize what an 1883 episode set in the early days of Abilene would look like.
Coincidentally, 1883 is the historical year when Abilene "got its start" (sort of).
Abilene, Texas came about in 1881, thanks to the arrival of the Texas and Pacific Railway line, which nearby beef cattle raisers used to ship their livestock out of Taylor County. One of Abilene's oldest businesses, the Abilene Reporter-News, also began publishing that year.
Abilene's acquisition of the railroad clashed with the existence of another town in Taylor County, Buffalo Gap, and residents voted three-to-one to name Abilene the county seat in1883. Because of this, Buffalo Gap saw a severe population decline in the years following.
Because cattle ranching dominated the middle of Texas during that time, any Abilenians we'd see on 1883 would either be pioneers themselves or cowboys in some capacity. We know that the show's creator, Taylor Sheridan, has ties to the 666 Ranch, so there's no shortage of real, local cowboys to fill in the show's fictitious trek across Texas.
If you missed Episode 4 of the show, catch up on all the Dutton action and drama here (beware of spoilers).
Episode 5 of 1883 will premiere on Sunday, January 16, 2022, on Paramount+.
LOOK: The Best Big Country Restaurants Outside Abilene, According to Listeners
Looking to eat out, but not in Abilene? Check out these listener-approved eateries in the Big Country.
Filed Under: 1883, abilene, history, local, Yellowstone
Categories: Abilene News, Entertainment, Misc. Content, Morning Show, State News, Television, Videos

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text:
HomePlaces to GoSPlaces to goPlaces to go - AANTALYA
The Big Orange Population: 2,222,000
Old name: Attaleia
Of all of Turkey's mega-resorts, Antalya has to be one of the finest - it's certainly one of my favourites not least because the tourism industry grew up around what was already a thriving town with a life of of its own that continues today.
Right at its heart is the delightful quarter inside the old city walls called Kaleiçi, where a collection of restored and rebuilt Ottoman houses are grouped together to give a good idea of what a Turkish town would have looked like in the 19th century.
Since many of them house atmospheric hotels and pensions, visitors get the chance to dream themselves back to the days before modernism. Squeezed in between the houses, old mosques and towers offer passing reminders of the Selçuks and Ottomans. The even more distant past lingers on most conspicuously in the landmark Arch of Hadrian that rises from rutted marble flagstones at the bottom of a flight of steps.
Kaleiçi stands beside and above Antalya's lovely old fishing harbour, where choice restaurants dish up pricy fish suppers.
Afterwards you can walk off your meal with a stroll in the park on the headland and imagine yourself a mariner about to set out on a voyage around the Mediterranean, an endless vista of dappled turquoise and green water flowing around rocky islands.
The Kaleiçi is far from all that Antalya has to offer. Out east and west the Lara (shingle) and Konyaaltı (pebble) beaches attract sunworshippers in their thousands. A short tram ride to the west the Antalya Museum houses one of the finest collections of Roman statuary in Turkey, including many statues taken from the site of Perge.
But what really makes Antalya stand out from most of the other resorts is that it is a sizeable town in its own right with all the shops, restaurants and other amenities that go with that. If you want to get a taste of the real Turkey to top up your holiday experience, this is one of the best places to do it.
With the summer temperature and humidity at wilting level, most August visitors won't want to drag themselves far from their hotel pool and air-conditioned bedroom. Come October, though, and the town makes a great base for excursions to the surrounding attractions, including some of Turkey's finest archaeological sites.
Antalya Museum
Antalya has one of Turkey's best museums (closed Mondays, admission fee) largely because of its proximity to the important archaeological sites at Termessos, Side, Perge and Aspendos.
The most impressive room is the so-called Hall of Gods, where statues of 16 Ancient Roman gods and goddesses, mainly found at Perge, are beautifully displayed. More poignant is a room which shows off sarcophagi and other ancient pieces recovered from overseas museums over the last decade or so. Attalus II of Pergamum (160-139BC) is credited with founding Antalya
Dotted about the Kaleiçi are other inviting places to eat such as the garden restaurant at the Villa Perla. Or there's the Demlik (Teapot), hidden behind a high wall and very popular with the cool crowd who hang out here no matter what the time of day.
Just outside the walls near Hadrian's Gate the colourful Le Man Kültür restaurant has a cool vibe in part because its decor reflects the cartoon paper after which it's named. Nearby a branch of Kahve Diyarı (Coffee Country) puts the adjacent Starbucks in the shade with its sails and delightful presentation.
The Dönerciler Çarşısı, a covered area full of döner and İskender kebab restaurants midway between Kale Kapısı and Hadrian's Gate, is nothing like as alluring as it used to be. You can find döner just as good for lower prices elsewhere.
After Safranbolu, Antalya probably boasts the best choice of Ottoman-house hotels hidden away in the old, walled Kaleiçi district. There's something to suit every taste here, with some of the hotels lavishly decorated in Ottoman style while others favour a modernist look.
Most of the package-holiday hotels line the beaches on either side of the city centre. You are more likely to get a good price for a room at any of them if you book through a tour company before coming to Turkey.
Hillside Su Hotel Design-driven hotel within easy reach of Antalya Museum and Konyaaltı beach. Some people will love it, others will feel as if they're strayed into a magazine photoshoot. Tel: 0242-249 0700
The Marmara Antalya Out near Lara Beach, this hotel is also very design-driven, although here colour and detail take over from the minimalism of the Hillside Su. Tel: 0242-249 3600
Welcoming AntRayTravel info
Daily Turkish Airlines, Onurair and Atlasjet flights to Antalya depart from İstanbul's Atatürk Airport.
Antalya Airport (www.aytport.com) is 10km east of the city and connected to it by Havaş buses.
The otogar is on the western side of the city and has two sections, one for inter-city buses, the other for local services to Kemer, Phaselis, Çıralı, Olympos etc. Infuriatingly, although there are servis buses from the otogar to town none of them goes to Kaleiçi.
The new AntRay tram line from Fatih to Meydan stops at the otogar. To get to Kaleiçi alight at the İsmetpaşa stop and walk straight ahead. At the crossroads walk straight ahead for Hadrian's Gate or turn right for Kale Kapısı. The tram does not yet run to the airport although an extension is being built (Oct 2014).
An older tram line trundles past Kaleiçi on its way to the museum (Müze), the last stop which is just as well as none of the others are labelled.
For a town that receives so many visitors Antalya is not good at providing public transport information for outsiders. The new tram service, for example, offers no information about ticketing even though most locals use a rechargeable Kentcard. Worse, if you arrive in the evening you may find no one staffing the ticket office and no machines where you can buy a ticket either!
Day trip destinations
Karain Mağarası (Cave)
Kurşunlu Şelalesi Tabiat Parkı
Read about the nearby attractions: http://www.todayszaman.com/news-255144-out-and-about-in-antalya.html
"Without doubt Antalya is the most beautiful place on earth."
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, 1930


text:
Indigofera conjugata är en ärtväxtart som beskrevs av John Gilbert Baker. Indigofera conjugata ingår i släktet indigosläktet, och familjen ärtväxter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Indigosläktet
conjugata

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Aug 17, 2021 - Health
Rich countries pull a reverse Robin Hood on COVID-19 vaccines
Caitlin Owens
Illustration: Annelise Capossela/Axios
Wealthy countries — including some that have started giving some people third doses — have been receiving coronavirus vaccine doses that were either made in or intended for low- or middle-income countries.
Why it matters: This only widens the gap in vaccine access between wealthy and poor countries, which could ultimately have global consequences.
Driving the news: Some rich countries that had already reserved a large supply of vaccines for themselves have also dipped into COVAX's vaccine supply, which is way behind on the number of doses it's promised to deliver around the world, AP reported over the weekend.
Meanwhile, millions of doses of Johnson & Johnson vaccines partially produced in South Africa have been exported for distribution in Europe, the New York Times reported yesterday.
Between the lines: "The result is that poorer countries have landed in exactly the predicament COVAX was supposed to avoid: dependent on the whims and politics of rich countries for donations, just as they have been so often in the past," AP writes.
In June, COVAX sent more than double the amount of doses to Britain than it sent to the entire African continent, per AP.
Qatar, Bahrain and Saudi Arabia have also recently received doses bought from COVAX, despite already having relatively high vaccination rates.
The big picture: The vast majority of people living in low-income countries remain unvaccinated and dependent on the rest of the world for shots.
But equitable vaccine distribution isn't just a humanitarian effort. Experts say that variants that can evade vaccine protection are way more likely to arise in countries with low vaccination rates than in those with high ones, as the virus has much more room to spread.


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text:
import section

class registry_section_handler(section.section_handler):

    def __init__(self):
        super(registry_section_handler,self).__init__()
        self.__populate_action_mappings()

    #Handle the file object oriented attributes
    def handle_object_attributes(self, action, object_attributes, action_attributes, action_mappings):
        #Handle the registry key
        regkey = action.get_key_name()
        normalizedkey = regkey.split('\\',2)[2]
        splitkey = normalizedkey.split('\\',1)
        value_dict = {}
        if len(splitkey) == 2:
            object_attributes['properties']['hive'] = self.__map_hivename(splitkey[0])
            object_attributes['properties']['key'] = splitkey[1]
        else:
            object_attributes['properties']['key'] = splitkey[0]
        try:
            value_dict['name'] = action.get_value_name()
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        try:
            valuedata = action.get_data().rstrip('(UNICODE_0x00000000)')
            #Handle special cases where the data is not actually included
            if '_data]' not in valuedata:
                value_dict['data'] = action.get_data().rstrip('(UNICODE_0x00000000)')
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        try:
            value_dict['datatype'] = action.get_data_type()
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        #Set the Registry Key Value, if applicable
        if value_dict: object_attributes['properties']['values'] = [value_dict]
        return object_attributes

    #Handle the action specific attributes correctly
    def handle_action_attributes(self, action, object, action_attributes, action_mappings):
        #Populate any action arguments
        action_arguments = []
        try:
            split_access_mode = action.get_desired_access().split(' ')
            for access_mode in split_access_mode:
                if len(access_mode) > 0:
                    argument_dict = {}
                    argument_dict['argument_name'] = {'value': 'Access Mode', 'xsi:type': 'cyboxVocabs:ActionArgumentNameVocab-1.0'}
                    argument_dict['argument_value'] = access_mode
                    action_arguments.append(argument_dict)
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        try:
            split_creation_options = action.get_create_options().split(' ')
            for creation_flag in split_creation_options:
                if len(creation_flag) > 0:
                    argument_dict = {}
                    argument_dict['defined_argument_name'] = {'value': 'Creation Flags', 'xsi:type': 'cyboxVocabs:ActionArgumentNameVocab-1.0'}
                    argument_dict['argument_value'] = creation_flag
                    action_arguments.append(argument_dict)
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        #Set any action arguments
        action_attributes['action_arguments'] = action_arguments

    #Create the GFI Sandbox -> MAEC/CybOX Action Mappings
    def __populate_action_mappings(self):
         self.action_mappings['open_key'] = {'action_name':{'value':'open registry key',
                                                            'xsi:type':'maecVocabs:RegistryActionNameVocab-1.0'},'xsi:type':'WindowsRegistryKeyObjectType', 'object_association':'input'}
         self.action_mappings['create_key'] = {'action_name':{'value':'create registry key',
                                                              'xsi:type':'maecVocabs:RegistryActionNameVocab-1.0'}, 'xsi:type':'WindowsRegistryKeyObjectType', 'object_association':'output'}
         self.action_mappings['delete_key'] = {'action_name':{'value':'delete registry key',
                                                              'xsi:type':'maecVocabs:RegistryActionNameVocab-1.0'}, 'xsi:type':'WindowsRegistryKeyObjectType', 'object_association':'input'}
         self.action_mappings['enum_keys'] = {'action_name':{'value':'enumerate registry key subkeys',
                                                            'xsi:type':'maecVocabs:RegistryActionNameVocab-1.0'}, 'xsi:type':'WindowsRegistryKeyObjectType', 'object_association':'input'}
         self.action_mappings['set_value'] = {'action_name':{'value':'modify registry key value',
                                                            'xsi:type':'maecVocabs:RegistryActionNameVocab-1.0'}, 'xsi:type':'WindowsRegistryKeyObjectType', 'object_association':'input'}
         self.action_mappings['delete_value'] = {'action_name':{'value':'delete registry key value',
                                                                'xsi:type':'maecVocabs:RegistryActionNameVocab-1.0'}, 'xsi:type':'WindowsRegistryKeyObjectType', 'object_association':'input'}
         self.action_mappings['query_key_info'] = {'action_name':{'value':'get registry key attributes',
                                                                  'xsi:type':'maecVocabs:RegistryActionNameVocab-1.0'}, 'xsi:type':'WindowsRegistryKeyObjectType', 'object_association':'input'}
         self.action_mappings['query_value'] = {'action_name':{'value':'read registry key value',
                                                               'xsi:type':'maecVocabs:RegistryActionNameVocab-1.0'}, 'xsi:type':'WindowsRegistryKeyObjectType', 'object_association':'input'}
         self.action_mappings['enum_values'] = {'action_name':{'value':'enumerate registry key values',
                                                               'xsi:type':'maecVocabs:RegistryActionNameVocab-1.0'}, 'xsi:type':'WindowsRegistryKeyObjectType', 'object_association':'input'}

    def __map_hivename(self, hivename):
        if hivename.lower() == 'machine':
            return 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE'
        elif hivename.lower() == 'user':
            return 'HKEY_CURRENT_USER'

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


QANA, Lebanon (AP) - An Israeli airstrike killed at least 56 people, including at least 34 children, in a southern Lebanese village Sunday, the Lebanese Red Cross said. It was the deadliest attack in 19 days of fighting. Lebanese security officials put the toll at 57 dead. Security officials said the toll rose dramatically after 18 people from two families were found in a single room of the building, where dozens of people had been taking refuge from the fighting.
Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice postponed a visit to Lebanon in a setback for diplomatic efforts to end hostilities.
Infuriated Lebanese officials said they had asked Rice to postpone the visit after Israel's missile strike on Qana. But Rice said she called Lebanese Prime Minister Fuad Saniora to say she would postpone the trip, and that she had work to do in Jerusalem to end the fighting.
The missiles destroyed several homes in the village of Qana as people were sleeping.
Israeli said it targeted Qana because it was a base for hundreds of rockets launched at Israeli, including 40 that injured five Israelis on Sunday. Israel said it had warned civilians several days before to leave the village.
"One must understand the Hezbollah is using their own civilian population as human shields," said Israeli Foreign Ministry official Gideon Meir. "The Israeli defense forces dropped leaflets and warned the civilian population to leave the place because the Hezbollah turned it into a war zone."
Rescuers aided by villagers dug through the rubble by hand. At least 20 bodies wrapped in white sheets were taken away, including 10 children. A row of houses lay in ruins, and an old woman was carried away on a plastic chair.
Rice said she was "deeply saddened by the terrible loss of innocent life" in Israel's attack.
But she did not call for an immediate cease-fire in the fighting between Israel and Hezbollah militias.
Saniora said Lebanon would be open only to an immediate cease-fire.
"There is no place at this sad moment for any discussions other than an immediate and unconditional cease-fire as well as international investigation of the Israeli massacres in Lebanon now," he told reporters Sunday.
More than 5,000 people protested in central Beirut, denouncing Israel and the United States, some chanting, "Destroy Tel Aviv, destroy Tel Aviv." A few broke car windows and tried briefly to break into the main U.N. building until political leaders called for a halt to damage.
The attack drew swift condemnation from several world leaders.
French President Jacques Chirac's office said "France condemns this unjustifiable action, which shows more than ever the need to move toward an immediate cease-fire, without which other such dramas can only be repeated."
Jordan's King Abdullah II condemned "the ugly crime perpetrated by Israeli forces in Qana," calling it "a blatant violation of the law and all international conventions."
France circulated a draft Security Council resolution on Saturday among the other 14 council members. It would call for an immediate halt to fighting between Israel and Hezbollah and seek a wide new buffer zone in south Lebanon monitored by international forces and the Lebanese army.
British Foreign Secretary Margaret Beckett said strike on Qana was a "tragedy for the people affected," especially so since negotiators had been close to reaching "the basis for a cease-fire."
She said the U.N. resolution was no longer on track to being reached by Monday or Tuesday. "We need to go back and pick up the pieces," Beckett told Sky News.
But she stopped short of calling for a cease-fire. "We have repeatedly called on the Israelis to act proportionately," Beckett said.
A peace package Rice brought to the region called for a U.N.-mandated multinational force that can help stabilize in the region, according to a U.S. official speaking on condition of anonymity because of the sensitive nature of the discussions.
It also proposes: disarming Hezbollah and integrating the guerrilla force into the Lebanese army; Hezbollah's return of Israeli prisoners; a buffer zone in southern Lebanon to put Hezbollah rockets out of range of Israel; a commitment to resolve the status of a piece of land held by Israel and claimed by Lebanon; and the creation of an international reconstruction plan for Lebanon.
The latter two provisions resembled parts of a proposal by Lebanon's government. But they fell short of Hezbollah's demands, including a prisoner swap to free Lebanese held for years in Israeli prisons and the disputed land, known as Chebaa farms, put under U.N. supervision until its status can be resolved.
Washington -U.S. citizens suspected of terror ties might be detained indefinitely and barred from access to civilian courts under legislation proposed by the Bush administration, say legal experts reviewing an early version of the bill.
Administration officials, who declined to comment on the draft, said the proposal was still under discussion and no final decisions had been made.
Senior officials are expected to discuss a final proposal before the Senate Armed Services Committee next Wednesday.
Scott L. Silliman, a retired Air Force Judge Advocate, said the broad definition of enemy combatants is alarming because a U.S. citizen loosely suspected of terror ties would lose access to a civilian court - and all the rights that come with it. Administration officials have said they want to establish a secret court to try enemy combatants that factor in realities of the battlefield and would protect classified information.
The administration's proposal, as considered at one point during discussions, would toss out several legal rights common in civilian and military courts, including barring hearsay evidence, (see lowestpit) guaranteeing "speedy trials" and granting a defendant access to evidence. The proposal also would allow defendants to be barred from their own trial and likely allow the submission of coerced testimony.
Senior Republican lawmakers have said they were briefed on the general discussions and have some concerns but are awaiting a final proposal before commenting on specifics.
Attorney General Alberto Gonzales and Deputy Defense Secretary Gordon England are expected to discuss the proposal in an open hearing next Wednesday before the Senate Armed Services Committee. Military lawyers also are scheduled to testify Wednesday before the Senate Judiciary Committee.
The legislation is the administration's response to a June 29 Supreme Court decision, which concluded the Pentagon could not prosecute military detainees using secret tribunals established soon after the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. The court ruled the tribunals were not authorized by law and violated treaty obligations under the Geneva Conventions, which established many international laws for warfare.
The landmark court decision countered long-held assertions by the Bush administration that the president did not need permission from Congress to prosecute "enemy combatants" captured in the war on terror and that al Qaeda members were not subject to Geneva Convention protections because of their unconventional status.
The draft proposal contends that an existing law - passed by the Senate last year after exhaustive negotiations between the White House and Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz. - that bans cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment should "fully satisfy" the nation's obligations under the Geneva Conventions.
Sen. John W. Warner, R-Va., chairman of the Armed Services Committee, said Friday he expects to take up the detainee legislation in September.
Everyone Everyone remaining in southern Lebanon will be regarded as a terrorist, Israel's justice minister said yesterday as the military prepared to employ "huge firepower" from the air in its campaign to crush Hizbollah.
Haim Ramon issued the warning as the Israeli government decided against expanding ground operations after the death of nine soldiers in fighting on Wednesday.
"What we should do in southern Lebanon is employ huge firepower before a ground force goes in," Mr Ramon said at a security cabinet meeting headed by Ehud Olmert, the prime minister. "Everyone in southern Lebanon is a terrorist and is connected to Hizbollah. Our great advantage vis-a-vis Hizbollah is our firepower, not in face-to-face combat."
Mr Olmert promised that the army would "continue toward the established goals".
Mr Ramon's comments suggested that civilian casualties in Lebanon, which stand at about 600 after 16 days of bombardment, could rise yet higher.
The government's unrelenting line has the backing of the Israeli media, which are demanding a harsh response to an ambush in the Hizbollah stronghold of Bint Jbeil, in which eight soldiers died.
The country's biggest-selling paper, Yedioth Ahronoth, said the army had raised the threshold of response to Katyusha rockets.
"In other words: a village from which rockets are fired at Israel will simply be destroyed by fire," it said.
"This decision should have been made and executed after the first Katyusha. But better late than never."
Three divisions of reserve soldiers, up to 15,000 men, are to be called up.
Almost 50 Hizbollah missiles landed in northern Israel yesterday, wounding four people and bringing the total number of rockets fired into the country to about 1,400.
Earlier, Olmert expressed deep regret for the harm inflicted on the civilians in Qana Sunday morning when at least 57 civilians - 37 of whom were children - were killed as the IAF fired missiles at a building in the southern Lebanese town.
While Israel is not interested in opening a front against Syria, if President Bashar Assad decides to attack Israel, the IDF will respond harshly and with its full might, a high-raking IDF officer in the Northern Command told The Jerusalem Post on Sunday.
"We are continuing with our message that we are not interested in fighting with Syria," the officer said, "But we are fully prepared for a Syrian attack, in the case of which we will strike back extremely hard."
The IDF officer said he believed Syria has been receiving the clear message Israel has been sending its way that Israel does not want to fight Syria. Whatever happened on border was completely depended on Assad, the officer said. "It is up to him, and at the moment we don't know what he plans to do."
He said that Saturday's IAF attack on a road that led from Syria into Lebanon near the border was meant to thwart attempts to smuggle weapons from Syria into Lebanon.
The IDF is also concerned about a possible Syrian attack on Israel in response to the ongoing IDF operations in Lebanon. It is also known that Syria has increased its alert along the border out of fear in Damascus that Israel might attack Syria.
Syria said on Sunday that the United States could no longer justify its support for Israeli military action in Lebanon and the Palestinian territories after Israel's air strike on the Lebanese village of Qana that killed 54 civilians.
"These bombs...Are American bombs," Said Syrian U.N. Ambassador Bashar Jaafari. "They call them laser-guided bombs but actually they are hatred-guided bombs, and unfortunately these bombs are made in the USA," said.
Iran's hardline forces should ready themselves to take revenge on Israel and the United States for the offensive on Lebanon, the head of the Revolutionary Guards was quoted as saying on Sunday.
Lebanese Prime Minister Fuoad Siniora expressed his 'gratitude' to Hizbullah and its leader Hassan Nasrallah for "sacrificing their lives for the country."
During a press conference held in wake of the Qana village incident in which 55 Lebanese were killed, Siniora asked: "Is Israel's mission to wipe out the Lebanese?
It seems they want to kill all of us. One of those killed today is a baby just one day old. With its aggression, Israel is encouraging extremism."
"Israel won't obtain a thing through the war," he added. "Does it believe that through war it will obtain goals? They won't obtain a thing, and the opposite is the truth. The entire Lebanese nation is united against the Israeli aggression," Siniora said.
Siniora emphasized that Lebanon won't take part in negotiations between Israel and Hizbullah "until the Israeli war machine stops spilling the blood of innocents."
He said that "in order to reach a general ceasefire Israel must pull back to its borders. Then, Lebanon will fulfill its obligations according to the seven clauses approved by the government."
Among others, the Lebanese government committed itself to an immediate ceasefire, the deployment of its army across all of Lebanon including the south, and the applying of a law according to which only the Lebanese army can carry weapons across the whole of the country.
Siniora repeatedly stressed his desire to reach a ceasefire, and called on the UN Security Council to meet immediately and act on the issue.
The Lebanese prime minister added that he esteems those who fell in "the defense of Lebanon,"' and said that his government is doing everything to strengthen its stance. He even expressed his "full admiration for Nasrallah and all those who sacrifice their lives for Lebanon."
Earlier, Siniora was interviewed on the American CBS network and turned to American citizens for aid in reaching an immediate ceasefire. The Lebanese prime minister declared that "there was no point in holding diplomatic negotiations when the blood was boiling."
In response, Vice Premier Shimon Peres, who arrived at the United States to manage Israel's public relations, said that "Siniora can tell Hizbullah to stop firing and there will be a ceasefire, but the government there is acting like a side observer. When Hizbullah stops shooting, the tragedy will end."
I think he should deputize Hizbolah, but then again that is "Not written"
It is commonly thought that the ultra-orthodox community (Chabad Pharisees) in Israel lives in a closed and sealed bubble, and does not take an interest in matters that do not directly relate to it .
"More than 50 years ago the ultra-orthodox community said 'you fight and we'll pray'", said a staff member at the prime minister's office this week, also a close aid of the former prime minister Ariel Sharon.
Mk:12:40: Which devour widows' houses, and for a pretence make long prayers: these shall receive greater damnation.
"It's true that they were always criticized about this, but on the other hand, they really do stand by their part of the agreement. They don't try to dodge the commitment they took upon themselves. Utra-orthodox worshippers pray because they truly believe that that's what will help, and perhaps we need someone to do it."
The Jerusalemite quarter is considered to be the stronghold of the ultra-orthodox community, (Hassidic Pharisee) and it is where members of the most extreme sects of the orthodox community, who are opposed to the Israeli government, reside.
Without prior notice a vehicle sounding psalms on a loudspeaker stopped at the Etnura square in Bnei Brak Thursday. An eye witness at the scene said hundreds of the city's inhabitants stopped to take part. Prayers and other rallies were also conducted throughout the country as well as in countries such as Antwerp, Belgium, Gateshead, England.
Members of an orthodox organization tried to maintain ongoing Gemara (Perverted Talmud of Babylon) studies in dozens of synagogues throughout the north of the country, (Dan Samaria) conducting lessons in the bomb shelters. The organization's coordinators touring the north tried to address the influx of requests for study kits. Requests also came from the IDF.
At the end of the sermon Rabbi Yossf prayed for the IDF soldiers, blessed the abducted soldiers and asked that they be returned safely, he prayed for the wellbeing of the citizens of the north and of the southern city of Sderot. He also asked those present to begin saying morning and afternoon prayers as well as a special prayer said during the ten days of repentance.
On Tuesday of this week, the eve of the month of Av, Rabbi Yossef announced the holding of a rally at the Western Wall, and modified the prayer marking "difficult times." More than ten thousand people attended the rally; they read psalms and prayers along with the kabbalist rabbis.
In the world of orthodox Yeshivas it is common to take a three week vacation commencing from the end of Tu Be'Av until the beginning of the month of Elul.
However, Rabbi Yossef told the congregation at the payer rally that there will be no vacations this year.
"We're all experiencing these troubled times, what's a vacation? We have to study the Torah. With the help of the Torah god will save us.
We have to strengthen those who are endangering their lives," said the rabbi.
The Rabbi of Braslev in Safed, Eliezer Kenig, arrived on the evening prior to the rally. He came with dozens of his students who had remained in the city, in order to pray at the gravesite of Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai in Miron.
Generally, at the beginning of each month, hundreds of worshippers, if not more, flock to the area. This week, only a few dozen arrived.
"Where can we go?" Several of our students joined their parents in Haifa and Carmiel, but the rockets fell there too. If we flee, will they stop firing the rockets? We have to stay put and pray that god will protect us, and we'll stay and prevails, thanks to our faith. These words were written thousands of years ago, not today."
Rabbi Kenig abides by a classic religious faith. He is of the opinion that "this war has come to awaken us, to remind us that we must become stronger and believe that the State of Israel is the only place for the Jewish people.
Even if we ask the non-Jewish populations they too will agree that the state of Israel is our home."
They all cry out for the son of perdition the murderer from the beginning, to be "King Over them"
For the past two weeks 25 volunteers from Megan David Adoms's orthodox volunteer organization have been manning four Magen David Adom stations in Safed, Hatzor Haglilit, Tiberias and Avivim. They sent the women and children to Kibbutz Hafetz Haim to the south of Gedera, so that they could dedicate themselves entirely to their work and the evacuation of wounded civilians and soldiers in the north.
"The contact with the forces who are risking their lives (Murdering wonderfully) for us," says one of the volunteers Nachman Klien, "strengthens the unity among the Jewish people. I evacuated several soldiers from the area, and it wasn't easy.
Klein talked about dozens of benevolent organizations who came to the north over the past two weeks, bringing food to those in the shelters or hosting families. "The volunteers don't stop running from one place to another. During the entire weekend, they give out hot Shabbat meals to those who have remained behind. This unity, the good deeds and charity is perhaps what's really missing."
"When a woman in a shelter can't leave her home because she is afraid and her husband has been recruited into the army, plus she has no food for her baby, suddenly encounters a volunteer from an orthodox organization, one she has never heard of before, and he brings her what she needs, she won't forget him for the rest of her life.
"Even when the war is over, the warmth created between the different groups proves that it is possible to work together. The war has been forced upon us, so instead of fighting we should unite, that will be making the most of the situation."
Mt:23:33: Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, how can ye escape the damnation of hell?


I'm English. It's always been 'a cuppa' or 'a cuppa cha'. At least it is in Yorkshire.
Ah ha. Then I shall begin my crusade in Yorkshire! Can you point the way?
Terrific post. I love the commercial.
I had a lovely raspberry tisane today, and I plan to have some cha tomorrow!


text:
Ludwig Vinzenz Fischer (* 22. Januar 1845 in Reschitza, Kaisertum Österreich; † 15. Dezember 1890 in Halle (Saale)) war ein österreichischer Autor, Novellist und Übersetzer aus der Volksgruppe der Banater Berglanddeutschen.

Leben
Fischer entstammte einer aus dem Königreich Sachsen in das Banater Bergland eingewanderten Tischlerfamilie. Sein Vater, Franz Fischer, lebte mit seiner Familie in Orawitz und arbeitete dort als Tischler. Er hatte Verwandte in Reschitza, wo Ludwig Vinzenz Fischer geboren und getauft wurde. 1859 wurde Ludwig Vinzenz Fischer unter der Obhut seines Onkels Johann Fischer Lehrling in die Reschitzaer Tischlerei. Nach zwei Jahren wurde er in der Werkskanzlei als "Schreiber" eingesetzt, später fand er in der Buchhaltung neue Aufgaben.

1871 verließ Fischer das Banat und ließ sich zunächst in Floridsdorf als Beamter am dortigen Stahlwerk nieder, danach war er Beamter an einer Papierfabrik in Heurichstal (Mähren). Darauf war er als Prokurist einer Papierfabrik in Erlau tätig. In Österreich heiratete er Helene Kapall. Er übernahm die Position des Direktors in einem Unternehmen im Königreich Württemberg, danach war er "bevollmächtigter Leiter" einer Papierfabrik in Kröllwitz. Hier verstarb Fischer am 15. Dezember 1890.

Literarisches Werk
Ab 1866 veröffentlichte Fischer Beiträge in den Zeitungen von Lugosch und Temeswar.
Zwischen 1868 und 1890 übersetzte Fischer rumänische Lyrik für österreichische und deutsche Zeitschriften wie Österreichische Gartenlaube (Graz), Die Dioskuren (Wien), Der Osten (Wien), Magazin für die Literatur des Auslandes (Leipzig) und Das Ausland (Augsburg). Er unterstützte zeitlebens die von Corneliu Diaconovici herausgegebene deutschsprachige Zeitschrift Romänische Revue, der er Papier zum Herstellungspreis lieferte und in der er eigene Beiträge veröffentlichte. Bereits vor dem Erscheinen der Romänischen Revue vermittelte Diaconovici Fischers Beiträge an Banater Zeitschriften, so an die 1881 in Lugosch gegründete Zeitschrift für vergleichende Literaturgeschichte, die "Südungarische Revue".

Ludwig Vinzenz gehörte zu den ersten Übersetzern rumänischer Volks- und Kunstdichtung. Er übersetzte als Erster "Luceafărul", ein Werk des rumänischen Dichters Mihai Eminescu, in die deutsche Sprache. Für seine Verdienste verlieh ihm König Karl I. von Rumänien 1888 die "Goldene Medaille für Kunst und Wissenschaft".

Weblinks
 Ludwig Vinzenz Fischer (22.01.1845 - 15.12.1890) In: Banater Berglanddeutsche Persönlichkeiten, Demokratisches Forum der Banater Berglanddeutschen.
 Fischer, Ludwig Vinzenz. Banat Author, Journalist & Translator. In: Banat Biographies, dvhh.org

Autor
Übersetzer aus dem Rumänischen
Übersetzer ins Deutsche
Banater Schwabe (Rumänisches Banat)
Person (Kaisertum Österreich)
Geboren 1845
Gestorben 1890
Mann


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April 3, 2017 From the bunker, LPGA, Video.
Then, a television viewer intervened via email to inform officials about a day-old rules violation. The infraction occurred on the 17th green Saturday, when she replaced her coin mark with the ball but put it maybe an inch out of position.
As small as the mistake was — tournament officials hadn't seen it — the penalty was equally severe. Thompson was assessed a four-stroke penalty; two for incorrect ball placement, two for signing an incorrect scorecard (which, at the time, everyone believed was correct).
Thompson was alerted to the violation and punishment by a rules official on her way to the 13th tee at the ANA Inspiration.
Thompson teed off at 13 in tears. She had gone from a seemingly comfortable cruise to her second career major victory to knocked out of the lead.
She persevered and forced a playoff with three birdies down the stretch. But So Yeon Ryu birdied the playoff hole to take the trophy — plus $155,000 more than Thompson collected.
Thompson's support extended to the digital realm, where Tiger Woods immediately offered his thoughts on Twitter.
Even through tears, Thompson took the heartbreak as well as anyone could.


One of the delights of our EHS profession, for me anyway, is when trivia we pick up elsewhere pays off big time during an investigation.
Case of National Geographic: When I first started a new job, I assumed responsibility for indoor environmental quality investigations. One of the first investigations involved paper mites allegedly biting female employees of the top floor of a building. The men scoffed and the women suffered. This had been going on for several years with paper files being uselessly sprayed with pesticides and placebo water mist. The perceived benefits varied.
Upon learning only the women were claiming being bit, I remembered a National Geographic article I read about explorers sleeping in a New Guinea jungle hut. Fleas devoured the lone female explorer while her dozen or so male colleagues slept unmolested. Apparently, human female hormones are irresistible to fleas. Examination of some volunteers' legs showed the signs of fleabites. An early morning reconnaissance above the suspended ceiling found bird nests (complete with bird fleas) in two of three locations checked. Problem solved.
Case of Dr. Royer's Botany Field Trip: At one point in my career, I was representing my employer's interest with regard to claims that a plating shop operation had caused outside soil chrome contamination. That's what the agency claimed when they found alleged high levels of chrome in soil samples. This could have been very expensive to dispute, let alone "treat." The agency thought they were on to something.
In college, my botany professor Dr. Royer took us on a field trip to observe the flora. The area was in the same geological formation as the shop. While there, I observed remains of 19th century mine entrances and pits. What are they, Dr. Royer? "Old chrome mines." she replied. With this knowledge, I was able to disabuse the chrome contamination idea at minimal cost.
I'd love to read some of your cases of applying trivia.
Dave Ermer, CIH, QEP, CLSO, can be reached at [email protected].


text:
Visitors' Choice Delta
Team Delta mayoral candidate Sylvia Bishop. (Grace Kennedy photo)
North Delta 'trailblazer' endorses Sylvia Bishop for mayor
"Her commitment to a new style of leadership … will put our city on the right track for generations."
Team Delta mayoral candidate Sylvia Bishop says she's thrilled to receive an endorsement from prominent North Delta resident and financial director, Lily Grewal.
"Lily has been a trailblazer in so many ways and her decision to endorse my candidacy is both meaningful and uplifting," Bishop said in a press release. "Having Lily in my corner as we head toward the local government election on Saturday is a real vote of confidence, and I enthusiastically accept her endorsement."
Grewal, vice-chair on the board of directors at a major credit union, said Bishop's vision for the future was a key reason for her endorsement.
"Sylvia understands the changing realities of Delta's citizens and she believes that having the right mix of services to support our community needs to be balanced with fiscal and environmental responsibility," Grewal said in a press release. "She is committed to ensuring that Delta remains affordable for families, and that diversity continues to be a strength."
Grewal added that her own experience at a major financial institution was a primary factor in her endorsement.
"It is a credit to Sylvia's leadership that she took the time to prepare a four-year plan of how she will oversee our city's finances if elected on Oct. 20 as Delta's next mayor, and I am proud to give her my vote," Grewal said. "In an election that represents the first change of city leadership in almost two decades, Sylvia Bishop has the experience and skill set to solve the issues facing Delta residents.
"Her commitment to a new style of leadership — and fresh new ideas — will put our city on the right track for generations to come."
Grewal, who earned a bachelor's degree from the University of British Columbia and a master's at the University of Toronto, also has served as a board member of the Boys and Girls Club of Delta/Richmond and the Council of Agencies Serving South Asians in Toronto. She sits on the board of the Canadian Centre of Policy Alternatives and has spent 15 years in public policy work.
The civic election takes place on Saturday, Oct. 20.
SEE ALSO: 43 candidates running in Delta civic election
editor@northdeltareporter.com
Delta South MLA endorses George Harvie for mayor
Smith says growing transit in Delta about 'more than just more buses'
Locke calls for brake on Surrey policing plan, says First Nations not consulted
Surrey City Councillor Brenda Locke wants immediate suspension of city's policing transition process
Cloverdale stamp club looking for new members
Surrey-based group meets every second and fourth Monday of the month
UPDATE: Surrey RCMP say 18-year-old David Talero has been found and is safe
Police were looking for him after he was last seen on Jan. 20 in 13400 block of 108th Avenue
Explore North Delta Reporter
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Delta Classifieds
© 2020, North Delta Reporter and Black Press Group Ltd.


text:
What's the official language of peru?
The official language is Spanish.
Sally Anderson
What's the official currency of peru?
What's the native language of peru?
What's the official language of belarus?
What's the official language of illinois?
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text:
The gyro monorail, gyroscopic monorail, gyro-stabilized monorail, or gyrocar are terms for a single rail land vehicle that uses the gyroscopic action of a spinning wheel to overcome the inherent instability of balancing on top of a single rail.

The monorail is associated with the names Louis Brennan, August Scherl and Pyotr Shilovsky, who each built full-scale working prototypes during the early part of the twentieth century. A version was developed by Ernest F. Swinney, Harry Ferreira and Louis E. Swinney in the US in 1962.

The gyro monorail was never developed beyond the prototype stage.

The principal advantage of the monorail cited by Shilovsky is the suppression of hunting oscillation, a speed limitation encountered by conventional railways at the time. Also, sharper turns are possible compared to the 7 km radius of turn typical of modern high-speed trains such as the TGV, because the vehicle will bank automatically on bends, like an aircraft, so that no lateral centrifugal acceleration is experienced on board.

A major drawback is that many cars – including passenger and freight cars, not just the locomotive – would require a powered gyroscope to stay upright.

Unlike other means of maintaining balance, such as lateral shifting of the centre of gravity or the use of reaction wheels, the gyroscopic balancing system is statically stable, so that the control system serves only to impart dynamic stability. The active part of the balancing system is therefore more accurately described as a roll damper.

Historical background

Brennan's monorail

The image in the leader section depicts the  22 tonne (unladen weight) prototype vehicle developed by Louis Philip Brennan. Brennan filed his first monorail patent in 1903.

His first demonstration model was just a  box containing the balancing system. However, this was sufficient for the Army Council to recommend a sum of  for the development of a full-size vehicle. This was vetoed by their Financial Department. However, the Army found  from various sources to fund Brennan's work.

Within this budget Brennan produced a larger model, , kept in balance by two  diameter gyroscope rotors. This model is still in existence in the London Science Museum. The track for the vehicle was laid in the grounds of Brennan's house in Gillingham, Kent. It consisted of ordinary gas piping laid on wooden sleepers, with a  wire rope bridge, sharp corners and slopes up to one in five. Brennan demonstrated his model in a lecture to the Royal Society in 1907 when it was shown running back and forth "on a taught and slender wire" "under the perfect control of the inventor".

Brennan's reduced scale railway largely vindicated the War Department's initial enthusiasm. However, the election in 1906 of a Liberal government, with policies of financial retrenchment, effectively stopped the funding from the Army. However, the India Office voted an advance of  in 1907 to develop the monorail for the North West Frontier region, and a further  was advanced by the Durbar of Kashmir in 1908. This money was almost spent by January 1909, when the India Office advanced a further .

On 15 October 1909, the railcar ran under its own power for the first time, carrying 32 people around the factory. The vehicle was , and with a  petrol engine, had a speed of . The transmission was electric, with the petrol engine driving a generator, and electric motors located on both bogies. This generator also supplied power to the gyro motors and the air compressor. The balancing system used a pneumatic servo, rather than the friction wheels used in the earlier model.

The gyros were located in the cab, although Brennan planned to re-site them under the floor of the vehicle before displaying the vehicle in public, but the unveiling of Scherl's machine forced him to bring forward the first public demonstration to 10 November 1909. There was insufficient time to re-position the gyros before the monorail's public debut.

The real public debut for Brennan's monorail was the Japan-British Exhibition at the White City, London in 1910. The monorail car carried 50 passengers at a time around a circular track at . Passengers included Winston Churchill, who showed considerable enthusiasm. Interest was such that children's clockwork monorail toys, single-wheeled and gyro-stabilised, were produced in England and Germany.  Although a viable means of transport, the monorail failed to attract further investment. Of the two vehicles built, one was sold as scrap, and the other was used as a park shelter until 1930.

Scherl's car

Just as Brennan completed testing his vehicle, August Scherl, a German publisher and philanthropist, announced a public demonstration of the gyro monorail which he had developed in Germany. The demonstration was to take place on Wednesday 10 November 1909 at the Berlin Zoological Gardens.

Scherl's machine, also a full size vehicle, was somewhat smaller than Brennan's, with a length of only 17 ft (5.2m). It could accommodate four passengers on a pair of transverse bench seats. The gyros were located under the seats, and had vertical axes, while Brennan used a pair of horizontal axis gyros. The servomechanism was hydraulic, and propulsion electric. Strictly speaking, August Scherl merely provided the financial backing. The righting mechanism was invented by Paul Fröhlich, and the car designed by Emil Falcke.

Although well received and performing perfectly during its public demonstrations, the car failed to attract significant financial support, and Scherl wrote off his investment in it.

Shilovsky's work

Following the failure of Brennan and Scherl to attract the necessary investment, the practical development of the gyro-monorail after 1910 continued with the work of Pyotr Shilovsky, a Russian aristocrat residing in London. His balancing system was based on slightly different principles to those of Brennan and Scherl, and permitted the use of a smaller, more slowly spinning gyroscope. After developing a model gyro monorail in 1911, he designed a gyrocar which was built by Wolseley Motors Limited and tested on the streets of London in 1913. Since it used a single gyro, rather than the counter-rotating pair favoured by Brennan and Scherl, it exhibited asymmetry in its behaviour, and became unstable during sharp left hand turns. It attracted interest but no serious funding.

Post-World War I developments

In 1922, the Soviet government began construction of a Shilovsky monorail between Leningrad and Tsarskoe Selo, but funds ran out shortly after the project was begun.

In 1929, at the age of 74, Brennan also developed a gyrocar. This was turned down by a consortium of Austin/Morris/Rover, on the basis that they could sell all the conventional cars they built.

21st century: Monocab

In October 2022 the Technische Hochschule OWL, the Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, the Fraunhofer-Institut für Optronik, Systemtechnik und Bildauswertung and the Landeseisenbahn Lippe e. V. presented a gyro-stabilized monorail according to Brennan on a section of the Extertal railway in Germany.

The system called Monocab is meant to permit bi-directional service on a single track since the vehicles use only one rail. The cabins that shall operate autonomously on-demand are designed accordingly narrow.

In September 2020 Monocab was funded from the European Regional Development Fund and by the state of North Rhine-Westphalia with 3.6 million euros combined.

Principles of operation

Basic idea

The vehicle runs on a single conventional rail, so that without the balancing system it would topple over.

A spinning wheel is mounted in a gimbal frame whose axis of rotation (the precession axis) is perpendicular to the spin axis. The assembly is mounted on the vehicle chassis such that, at equilibrium, the spin axis, precession axis and vehicle roll axis are mutually perpendicular.

Forcing the gimbal to rotate causes the wheel to precess resulting in gyroscopic torques about the roll axis, so that the mechanism has the potential to right the vehicle when tilted from the vertical. The wheel shows a tendency to align its spin axis with the axis of rotation (the gimbal axis), and it is this action which rotates the entire vehicle about its roll axis.

Ideally, the mechanism applying control torques to the gimbal ought to be passive (an arrangement of springs, dampers and levers), but the fundamental nature of the problem indicates that this would be impossible. The equilibrium position is with the vehicle upright, so that any disturbance from this position reduces the height of the centre of gravity, lowering the potential energy of the system. Whatever returns the vehicle to equilibrium must be capable of restoring this potential energy, and hence cannot consist of passive elements alone. The system must contain an active servo of some kind.

Side loads

If constant side forces were resisted by gyroscopic action alone, the gimbal would rotate quickly on to the stops, and the vehicle would topple. In fact, the mechanism causes the vehicle to lean into the disturbance, resisting it with a component of weight, with the gyro near its undeflected position.

Inertial side forces, arising from cornering, cause the vehicle to lean into the corner. A single gyro introduces an asymmetry which will cause the vehicle to lean too far, or not far enough for the net force to remain in the plane of symmetry, so side forces will still be experienced on board.

In order to ensure that the vehicle banks correctly on corners, it is necessary to remove the gyroscopic torque arising from the vehicle rate of turn.

A free gyro keeps its orientation with respect to inertial space, and gyroscopic moments are generated by rotating it about an axis perpendicular to the spin axis. But the control system deflects the gyro with respect to the chassis, and not with respect to the fixed stars. It follows that the pitch and yaw motion of the vehicle with respect to inertial space will introduce additional unwanted, gyroscopic torques. These give rise to unsatisfactory equilibria, but more seriously, cause a loss of static stability when turning in one direction, and an increase in static stability in the opposite direction. Shilovsky encountered this problem with his road vehicle, which consequently could not make sharp left hand turns.

Brennan and Scherl were aware of this problem, and implemented their balancing systems with pairs of counter rotating gyros, precessing in opposite directions. With this arrangement, all motion of the vehicle with respect to inertial space causes equal and opposite torques on the two gyros, and are consequently cancelled out. With the double gyro system, the instability on bends is eliminated and the vehicle will bank to the correct angle, so that no net side force is experienced on board.

Shilovsky claimed to have difficulty ensuring stability with double-gyro systems, although the reason why this should be so is not clear. His solution was to vary the control loop parameters with turn rate, to maintain similar response in turns of either direction.

Offset loads similarly cause the vehicle to lean until the centre of gravity lies above the support point. Side winds cause the vehicle to tilt into them, to resist them with a component of weight. These contact forces are likely to cause more discomfort than cornering forces, because they will result in net side forces being experienced on board.

The contact side forces result in a gimbal deflection bias in a Shilovsky loop. This may be used as an input to a slower loop to shift the centre of gravity laterally, so that the vehicle remains upright in the presence of sustained non-inertial forces. This combination of gyro and lateral cg shift is the subject of a 1962 patent. A vehicle using a gyro/lateral payload shift was built by Ernest F. Swinney, Harry Ferreira and Louis E. Swinney in the US in 1962. This system is called the Gyro-Dynamics monorail.

Potential advantages over two-rail vehicles

Shilovsky gave a number of claimed benefits including:

 Reduced right-of-way problems because steeper gradients and sharper corners may be negotiated in theory.
In his book, Shilovsky describes a form of on-track braking, which is feasible with a monorail, but would upset the directional stability of a conventional rail vehicle. This has the potential of much shorter stopping distances compared with conventional wheel on steel, with a corresponding reduction in safe separation between trains. The

Shilovsky claimed his designs were actually lighter than the equivalent duo-rail vehicles. The gyro mass, according to Brennan, accounts for 3–5% of the vehicle weight, which is comparable to the bogie weight saved in using a single track design.

Turning corners

Considering a vehicle negotiating a horizontal curve, the most serious problems arise if the gyro axis is vertical. There is a component of turn rate  acting about the gimbal pivot, so that an additional gyroscopic moment is introduced into the roll equation:

This displaces the roll from the correct bank angle for the turn, but more seriously, changes the constant term in the characteristic equation to:

Evidently, if the turn rate exceeds a critical value:

The balancing loop will become unstable.
However, an identical gyro spinning in the opposite sense will cancel the roll torque which is causing the instability, and if it is forced to precess in the opposite direction to the first gyro will produce a control torque in the same direction.

In 1972, the Canadian Government's Division of Mechanical Engineering rejected a monorail proposal largely on the basis of this problem. Their analysis  was correct, but restricted in scope to single vertical axis gyro systems, and not universal.

Maximum spin rate

Gas turbine engines are designed with peripheral speeds as high as , and have operated reliably on thousands of aircraft over the past 50 years. Hence, an estimate of the gyro mass for a , with cg height at , assuming a peripheral speed of half what is used in jet engine design, is a mere . Brennan's recommendation of 3–5% of the vehicle mass was therefore highly conservative.

See also
 Adhesion railway
 Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics
 Gyrocar
 Segway HT
 Lit Motors

References

Bibliography

External links

 Monorail Society Special Feature on Swinney's monorail
 Gyroscope Railroad

Monorails
Experimental and prototype gyroscopic vehicles
Irish inventions
Australian inventions


text:
'Tag' is too weird to be fiction — just like these 15 other films based on true stories
A man really did live in an airport terminal for 18 years, and some of your favorite horror movies are more fact than fiction.
By Alison Foreman on June 15, 2018
If you're planning to visit the theater this Friday, you may want to watch out for all the moviegoers chasing each other past concessions and into the parking lot screaming, "You're it!" Tag is a new buddy comedy that follows five friends engrossed in what is undoubtedly the most competitive round of tag ever played on screen.
Jeremy Renner and Jon Hamm head up the star-studded cast, depicting the surprisingly true story of the friend group that inspired the movie. As reported by The Wall Street Journal(Opens in a new window), 10 former high school friends have played an ongoing game of tag for decades. Yes, decades. Complete with a signed agreement and occasionally recruited spies, the elaborate game has become a way for the friends to stay a part of each other's lives, even as they grow apart.
SEE ALSO: 11 podcasts to listen to if you want to laugh your ass off
Find that story hard to believe? Check out 15 others you can hardly believe are true, used by movie makers to create cinematic magic.
The Terminal (2004)
Directed by Steven Spielberg and starring Tom Hanks, the story of an Eastern European man forced to live in JFK airport was inspired by the experience of Mehran Karimi Nasseri(Opens in a new window). Nasseri, an Iranian refugee, lived in Charles de Gaulle Airport for 18 years. Disputes over his nationality resulted in seemingly endless governmental red tape, and the situation was made more complicated by Nasseri's repeated refusal of citizenship offers. In 2006, Nasseri finally left CDG and was hospitalized with various health complications. As of 2008, he was living in a shelter in Paris.
Where to watch: Vudu(Opens in a new window)
The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974) & Psycho (1960)
Brace yourself. The killers in these two horror classics (as well as The Silence of the Lambs and FX's American Horror Story: Asylum) were inspired by the real-life Wisconsin murderer Ed Gein, also known as The Butcher of Plainfield. Gein admitted to the murders of two women, but is believed to be responsible for many more(Opens in a new window). His horrific record of body snatching and mutilation is the basis for many now-iconic cinematic villains.
Where to watch The Texas Chain Saw Massacre: Vudu(Opens in a new window)
Where to watch Psycho: STARZ(Opens in a new window)
Robin Williams' heartwarming portrayal of a gifted doctor striving to heal through kindness and laughter was based on Dr. Patch Adams of The Gesundheit! Institute. Adams, the founder of the medical center in West Virginia, has spent his life trying to change the way Americans view healthcare. In a 1998 interview with CNN(Opens in a new window), he said, "Well, I'm a clown, which could be a public health role. I'm really interested in moving our society away from a society needing Xanax and Prozac, and that is really feeling depressed, to one that is celebrating, and so I find just walking around in colorful clothes, people smile."
127 Hours (2010)
This survival thriller is a retelling of 28-year-old Aron Ralston's horrifying five days stranded in Blue John Canyon in Utah. Ralston slipped while repelling and ended up with his right arm pinned to a rock face by a large boulder. Realizing he would not be found, Ralston chose to amputate his own arm to survive. He then hiked to safety. Ralston recounted his experience in the autobiographical book Between a Rock and a Hard Place(Opens in a new window).
Where to watch: Amazon Video(Opens in a new window)
Almost Famous (2000)
Cameron Crowe took inspiration from his stint as a teenage Rolling Stone journalist for this Academy Award-winning coming-of-age story. The film's infamous flight scene was loosely based on the 1977 crash of a plane chartered by Lynyrd Skynyrd. Six passengers, including three of the band's musicians and their assistant road manager, were killed. Gregg Allman also admitted in his 2012 book, My Cross to Bear(Opens in a new window), that much of Almost Famous was rooted in Crowe's time with the Allman Brothers Band — including an incident in which Allman accused Crowe of being an undercover cop(Opens in a new window).
Where to watch: STARZ(Opens in a new window)
Adrift (2018)
The recently released Adrift is inspired by the true story(Opens in a new window) of sailor Tami Oldham's 41 days of survival following a hurricane that left her shipwrecked. In 1983, Oldham was sailing across the Pacific from Tahiti to San Diego, when she and her boyfriend, Richard Sharp, were caught in Hurricane Raymond, and Sharp was lost at sea. Oldham managed to sail 1,500 miles alone to Hawaii using a makeshift sail and surviving on leftover rations.
Where to watch: In theaters starting June 1, 2018.
The classic Julie Andrews musical is loosely based on the lives of The Trapp Family Singers. Led by Maria von Trapp — a nunnery school teacher turned tutor to one of the von Trapp children — the famous singing troupe traveled to the United States, fleeing the Nazi regime in Austria. They performed concerts around the world and appeared on Elvis Presley's 1957 Christmas album. The real Maria von Trapp and two of her children can be seen crossing an archway behind Andrews as she performs "I Have Confidence."
This Mafia film stands out from the rest thanks to its realism. Henry Hill, a member of the Luchesse crime family turned protected police informant, lived through many of the events in the movie. Although Goodfellas was directed by Martin Scorsese, writer Nicholas Pileggi is credited with much of its success. His book Wiseguy: Life in a Mafia Family(Opens in a new window) recounts the real Henry Hill's life and served as the basis for his screenplay adaptation. Hill's testimony against the Luchesse family resulted in at least 50 convictions(Opens in a new window).
Where to watch: YouTube(Opens in a new window) and Google Play(Opens in a new window)
Changeling (2008)
Clint Eastwood's take on the story of a missing boy and the corrupt police department that refused to look for him is a reasonably true dramatization of what happened to Christine Collins in 1928(Opens in a new window). Collins reported her 9-year-old son missing in March. Five months later, the LAPD claimed to have found him. When Collins was presented with a runaway pretending to be her son, Walter, the LAPD refused to admit the mistake and instead suggested she "try the boy out(Opens in a new window)." After being forced to take the boy home with her, Collins returned with support from friends to expose the LAPD for what they had done. Tragically, Walter was never found and is widely believed to have been a victim of the "Wineville Chicken Murders."
Where to watch: Netflix(Opens in a new window)
50 First Dates (2004)
The Adam Sandler and Drew Barrymore rom-com focusing on the wacky hijinks of a man trying to date a woman with short-term memory loss is rooted in a heartbreakingly true story(Opens in a new window). Michelle Philpots wakes up each day believing it's 1994. After two motor vehicle accidents in 1985 and 1990 (both resulting in head injuries), the Lincolnshire native became unable to form new memories. Her husband, Ian, goes through many of the motions Sandler portrays in the film on a daily basis — including using family photos to remind Michelle of their life together. He told The Daily Mail(Opens in a new window), "It can be very frustrating for me, but I have to be patient and understand. I have to keep calm because I love her."
Although this Angelina Jolie-directed picture has been criticized(Opens in a new window) for excluding and exaggerating much of this story, Louis Zamperini was a real and undeniably fascinating American. Based on Laura Hillenbrand's book of the same name(Opens in a new window), Unbroken chronicles Zamperini's time as an Olympic runner and later his survival as a POW during World War II. Before being captured by the Japanese, Zamperini was stranded at sea for nearly seven weeks following the crash of his bomber. Zamperini died at age 97, the same year as the film's release.
Okay, so this one is very loosely based(Opens in a new window) on a true story — but the MIT Blackjack Team was a real thing. The practice of "counting cards" in an effort to beat casinos (essentially attempting to take the gamble out of gambling via the science of probability) was developed throughout the 20th century and ultimately mastered by a group of students from Boston in the '90s. For more than 15 years, the MIT Blackjack Team traveled the world earning a fortune by card counting. However, according to former team members, the film's depictions of violence, lavish partying, and, specifically, money laundering through strippers is entirely untrue.
Just as the title says, this small family really did buy a zoo in 2006. Benjamin Mee(Opens in a new window) (portrayed by Matt Damon in the film) is the proud owner of the Dartmoor Zoological Park(Opens in a new window), a privately owned exotic animal collection near Sparkwell village in England. During the family's fight to reopen the financially ruined zoo, Mee's wife died unexpectedly, leaving him with the zoo and his two young children. Despite its immense struggles, the Dartmoor Zoo regained its license in 2007. The Mee family continues to operate the zoo.
This iconic supernatural horror flick was based off William Peter Blatty's book of the same name. It dramatized the 1949 exorcism of a young boy known by the pseudonyms "Roland Doe" and "Robbie Manheim." Blatty first heard rumors of the boy's demonic possession while he was a student at Georgetown University (hence the film's Washington, D.C., setting) and ultimately used the Jesuit priests at this exorcism as inspiration for his characters Father Lancester Merrin and Father Damien Karras. The famous "Exorcist stairs" are still frequented by pedestrians near Georgetown's waterfront.
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Alison Foreman
Alison Foreman is one heck of a gal. She's also a writer in Los Angeles, who used to cover movies, TV, video games, and the internet for Mashable. @alfaforeman