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text:
2017-2018 | Opinion
North and South Korea Olympics unification shows sign of hope
By Haleigh Whisted
@Mitzpeh
South Korea marches in 2010 Olympics (Photo: Matt May/Wikimedia Commons)
Views expressed in opinion columns are the author's own.
The world has watched tensions grow between North and South Korea for many years, making it easy to feel that there will never be hope for one unified Korea. However, this pessimism has diminished as both countries march under one unified flag for the 2018 Winter Olympics.
In 1948, The North Korean and South Korean leaders each announced their claim over the Korean peninsula, creating a divide between the two. Soon, the North started the Korean War in 1950, only making matters worse. By the end of the war, the population had plummeted by 10 percent in North Korea and tensions had grown due to drastic differences in leadership.
There have been multiple Olympic games where North and South Korea have tried to team up but could never agree on each other's conditions. Finally, in the 2000 Olympics at Sydney, Australia, the two countries competed together on one team. This statement showed a lot of promise for the two countries, but that is nothing compared to the two teams marching underneath one flag during the 2018 Olympics, located in South Korea.
This unification taking place in the location where the Korean War occurred, is an excellent step for a more peaceful Korea. It shows promise for a brighter future and growth as one country. Two nations coming together for a worldwide sports competition, when the two are so vastly different, shows that even a slight fraction of stubbornness can break to bring people together and highlight the urge for harmony.
North Korea is, without a doubt, attempting to shine a brighter light on their country by unifying with South Korea, the universally favored side of Korea. Maybe peace is something that North Korea wants with its southern companion, but its dictator does not appear to be thinking of changing the political climate of his country any time soon. Kim Jong Un has also made other strong gestures toward peace with South Korea by inviting its president, Moon Jae-in, to visit the capital, Pyongyang.
Moon allowed North Korea to not only participate in the games, but also send 22 of its athletes and multiple performers and cheerleaders to represent their country. Some might wonder why South Korea would allow its participation due to North Korea's violent background, but their reasoning could be that excluding it would only increase tensions. A good relationship between the two nations could also benefit South Korea, and other countries, if Moon successfully persuades Kim to stop his nuclear threats.
While this partnership in the Olympics affects the two Korean countries, it also affects nations that formed alliances with them. The U.S., for instance, is one of South Korea's allies, and has always been against engagement with North Korea. The strength of the two nations' relationship may run the risk of deteriorating due to Moon going against the United States' warning to not engage with North Korea.
In the long run, the opportunity that South Korea took to work with North Korea, instead of against, probably helped with killing some of the resentment the two countries had for each other. There is a lot of promise for the future political relationship of these nations.
Haleigh is a sophomore journalism and art major. She can be contacted at haleigherin20@gmail.com.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: How to optimize my Trie implementation so that I don't get OutOfMemoryError I'm implementing text predictions using a very simple Trie implementation, which is a slightly modified version of this code
It performs better than I initially expected, but I'm receiving an OutOfMemoryError frequently. Any ideas how can solve this problem by either:

*

*increasing the memory designated to my app

*optimizing the implementation to use less memory

or any other suggestions?
I've seen recommendations that the memory limitation problems could be avoided by using a native implementation of a part of the code, but I would prefer to stay in Java, if possible.

A: You could try turning on largeHeap in your manifest to see if it helps:
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/manifest/application-element.html#largeHeap

A: By doing this.next = new Node[R]; the implementation allocates an array with 26 pointers to nodes on level 1, then 26^26 pointers to nodes on level 2, then 26^26^26 on level 3 and so on. That could be one reason you run out of memory.
You can try and change the implementation so that every Node has a HashMap of nodes with a small initial capacity, say 5. The HashMap will grow only when there's a real need - which will save some memory.
Another problem in that code is with the delete:
    // delete a node
    public void delete(Node node) {
        for(int i = 0; i < R; i++) {
            if(node.next != null) {
                delete(node.next[i]);
            }
        }
        node = null;  // <-- this is not doing anything!
    }

The reason it's not doing anything is that the reference to the node is passed by value in Java - so the real reference remains intact. What you should do instead is:
    // delete a node
    public void delete(Node node) {
        for(int i = 0; i < R; i++) {
            if(node.next != null) {
                delete(node.next[i]);
                node.next[i] = null; // <-- here you nullify the actual array item
            }                        // which makes the object a good candidate for
                                     // the next time GC will run
        }
    }

So it could also be a memory leak - in case you counted on delete to free space.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


In a market suddenly awash with new analytic DBMS entrants, Aster Data Systems differentiates itself with an aggressive posture: in-database computations, MapReduce integration and commodity hardware. Like several other firms I've talked to recently, the San Carlos-based vendor has a Big Customer (mySpace), a Recent Launch (May 2008) and a Core Team of Hotshots with industry experience. They have been quick out of the gate, and boast 15 customers who are tackling "frontline data warehousing" for problems they could not solve any other way.
It's been fascinating to watch new players garner early wins by asserting that general purpose databases are not optimal for analytics. Since Sybase IQ entered the market in the early 1990s, other specialists like Esssbase and Redbrick have disappeared into larger firms, and their messages have largely disappeared from the marketing of companies like Oracle, IBM and Microsoft. They can be found if you hunt for them, but the fundamental point is not made: analytic problems are better served with specialty products- like OLAP, columnar databases and other architectural innovations.
Aster's 3 founders - CEO Mayank Bawa, CTO Tasso Argyros and Chief Scientist George Candea - were all involved in Ph. D projects at Stanford. They got together to found a company after tackling some large scale problems for an emerging Valley startup or two and concluding that commodity hardware, in-database analytics, and a carefully interconnected multi-tier architecture would allow them to bring a cost-effective, differentiable product to market.
Some of the architectural pieces are unsurprising. Managing state at scale is the big problem, and the flagship nCluster 3.0's ethernetinterconnect (gigabit or 10-gig) has made it fairly efficient over a large number of commodity (and increasingly cheap) servers. Internally nCLuster uses 3 tiers: dedicated loading nodes that bring data in and partition it; (redundant) working nodes perform reads and updates at the same time; and a "Queen" server group that plans queries. The tiers can be scaled independently and configured differently - for example, loaders can be almost diskless. A lot of power can be brought to bear - 800 cores over a 100-node cluster makes a big impression on most problems.
Software architecture inside the engine is a leading message. nCluster supports ANSI SQL as well as developers who want to write in-database. The idea is to wrap their work in SQL; Aster is extending the language with SQL MapReduce. The alternative, says Ajeet Singh, Director of Product Management, is to require a single script written by one person, who needs both sets of skills. Aster's model promotes reusability; one programmer codes in java and the SQL programmers can all use it. A separate execution environment also provides process isolation; problems don't affect other users.
In February, Aster announced the completion of additional funding that brought its total Series B financing to $17 million, led by JAFCO Ventures, and including return backers Sequoia Capital, Cambrian Ventures and First Round Capital. Thus armed, and with a few good references for its half-dozen or so sales teams to leverage, we can expect to hear much more from nCluster - and some new announcements will up the ante more in the months just ahead.
IBM has made it clear that InfoSphere Streams, the commercialized part of the System S research project that has been underway for some years, is a priority, and they are committing substantial investments to it. In fact, the release was hurried a bit, as I noted in my (hopefully) humorous post about naming for complex event processing (CEP) and related technologies. At a major financial analyst meeeting in May 2009, CEO Sam Palmisano called it out as an IBM opportunity, and Software Group honcho Steve Mills listed it as one of four themes within his topline Information Agenda message. That kind of push makes things happen.
I've seen skepticism about this from people I respect like Curt Monash (here and elsewhere), Neil Raden (here), and Peter Thomas (here), and it's not surprising - there is much evangelism to be done here to establish the vision. What are the use cases? IBM is starting to describe then based on real, money-making engagements, and they will continue to. Let's look at a few things that will drive this technology into wider use.
The world is being instrumented.I hardly need to give you the numbers - they're everywhere. It's not just radio telescopes (although that's cool) - it's traffic cams. RFID tags. Trades on financial exchanges. Transactions on electronic consumer systems. And that's only the beginning. There is a class of information for which the right answer is not "let's put it into a box and then look at it." Michael Stonebreaker, a seminal thinker and innovator in database, said as much when he started StreamBase a few years ago, and that firm's lack of breakthrough success so far only indicates to me that they were a bit ahead of the market need. We are deploying more instruments streaming data all the time, and that will only accelerate.
Early use cases have proved out. Admittedly, some are still rocket science, but in the financial industry (where StreamBase is doing most of its business) the notion that one might usefully filter and react to things as they go by, without building a place to keep them first - or at all - makes sense. And in everyday monitoring-based use, who cares about last month's traffic patterns, or the shipping record for that package last month? Somebody does - but not for every application we'll associate with that business activity. And certainly not for all the interesting ones.
Tools are emerging.There are SQL-based approaches, including the work being done at SQLStream with standards, and IBM has introduced an Eclipse-based IDE, with its language called Stream Processing Application Declarative Engine (SPADE), that includes visual metaphors that are lightyears away from the thorny approaches of the earliest uses. And with rules engines and decision automation climbing executive wish lists, the combinations could be compelling. Object-oriented databases were a zero-billion dollar market and always will be, because only scientists used them, and they weren't moving toward mainstream use. That is simply not the case here.
Complementary technologies are available.IBM is coupling InfoSphere Streams with their recently acquired SolidDB in-memory database for some classes of applications. They and other vendors have fashioned adapters to simplify connections to existing industry-standard streams of information in finance, logistics and healthcare, again, shortening the time to deliver something meaningful. And more streaming standards will emerge.
Expertise will drive proliferation.Complex software is everywhere, and it creates employment opportunities for SIs. Who has one of the biggest such organizations? IBM. Who has demonstrated world-class capability to replicate hardened IP based on engagements they've done a few times? Ditto. As the flywheel picks up speed, watch out.
So, if you think I'm succumbing to the hype, so be it. I believe that we are at the beginning of a new class of applications that will be as fundamentally different from database-based ones as those were from the kind that made single passes of files in the early days of punch-card systems. As each new level of abstraction emerges, we think differently about the world, and the art of the possible. If a baseball player had to compute angles and speeds and gravity and wind and the weight of his bat before swinging, how many hits would he get? And yet, without storing data and doing queries against it, he responds to events with flashes of partial data, context, and some rules, and knocks it out of the park sometimes. Oh, and misses sometimes too. (Raden, that sports analogy was for you.) But that just means we factor that into our thinking about what we try to accomplish, and what's at stake.
Stream-based computing will change the world, and the power of IBM's engine will be a big accelerator of the change. Technology, marketing, sales, services add up. Steve Mills' organization provided 43% of IBM's profit in 2008, and his belief that, as he has told me, "our investments position IBM to do things nobody else can do" is spot on. Mills told the financial analysts at the May 13 meeting that he is focused on "better optimization of the business decision process and becoming more predictive." Elaborating on that, he spoke about federation, pattern recognition and prediction - with streams as a key enabler. This is visionary, and in sync with the "Smarter Planet" theme, so it will be relentlessly sold at the highest levels of the world business community. IBM changes markets. What's come so far has been prologue. Change is gonna come.
The last couple of years for Information Builders (IBI) have been a mixed bag. On the one hand, WebFocus, their flagship BI offering, has received stellar reviews, getting top marks from Gartner and Forrester in published research. On the other hand, growth stalled and sputtered a bit for the past year or two, and then the economy went south. But a strong new management focus, the clearing of the field as other leading independent BI vendors were acquired, and some timely new product introductions have set the table for a new surge by the New York-based vendor.
"A large enough qualitative change makes a quantitative change happen."
Gerald Cohen, founder, President and CEO of IBI, made this remark in a recent conversation with IT Market Strategy. Cohen is one of the seminal thinkers in the software industry. At a time when reporting was laboriously done in COBOL, he created the hosted, interpreted environment that launched the fourth-generation language (4GL) product category and rode FOCUS to success and a huge installed based of mainframe, then Digital, and ultimately Windows-based reporting and analysis products. IBI later broke data access out into a separate business and still dominates the market for heterogeneous data gateways with their iWay subsidiary, which also provides a range of other integration solutions that often underlie connections between products from IBM, Oracle, Microsoft, SAP, and other giants. But the client-server BI wave was not kind: SAS, Cognos, and Business Objects took the newer paradigm to customers more quickly and aggressively, and built a substantial lead.
Michael Corcoran, Sr. V.P. and Chief Marketing Officer, chafes at the lag in market share IBI has suffered, but believes things are about to change for the better. "Those brands are going to struggle to retain their reputation for independence and broad usability," he says. While Cognos and Business Objects built their visibility and revenues dramatically, IBI continued steady performance with one of the most loyal customer bases in the industry and a stellar reputation for quality and support. Equally important, a very high percentage of IBI's customers describe WebFocus as their strategic platform, even if they have other tools scattered around the organization.
IBI's team is filled with employees who have been with the firm for decades. [Disclosure - I worked for the firm two decades ago. Many of the people I knew there are still employees.] They are ramping up the sales organization and trying new go-to-market strategies. "We created a 3-5 day paid solution assessment model," Corocan says. "We take a half day with the CFO, VP of Sales, and VP of Marketing. We identify their pain points and help them build a strategy." Preliminary pilot successes have led to a greater commitment to training additional resources. This is not the only change in the air; recent hires and longtimers alike are ramping new efforts in partnership deals with hardware and software firms and with SIs.
Perhaps the most visible example is IBI's OEM relationship with longtime partner IBM on System I, where Cognos does not run natively. IBM includes WebFocus DB2 Web Query on every shipped unit. At the recent Common, IBM called it the "fastest growing software product in the platform's history." For IBI, it meant 25000 mostly new names. They get a royalty and they can upsell. Execution will be a challenge. A little probing showed that there are issues in getting to those customers; many are sold through IBM's channel partners and some kinks still have to be worked out in identifying and getting to them. Still, this is a fresh new opportunity if the will and the spending are there to leverage it.
On the product front, IBI seems to have learned the lessons of the new world of open source; they are basing continuing innovations on code including: Tomcat application servers; the Lucene search engine (in Magnify, a new search offering); and R statistics in WebFocus RStat for predictive analytics. They are continuing UI innovation with Adobe Flex, Google Maps, and others.
Qualitative changes indeed - IBI seems (no pun intended) refocused; the buzz seems to be that it's time to take the offensive. SIs are willing to talk again, after watching other leaders acquired by firms that will compete with them; quality and loyalty have built a reservoir of goodwill and referenceable customers for the sales force to leverage, and new products are allowing IBI to once again assert its thought leadership in emergent categories. Perhaps the quantitative changes Cohen spoke of are just around the corner.
The announcement went beyond what is said in the press release. Here's the deal: MicroStrategy has granted Sybase a number of licenses which Sybase is choosing (with permission) to pass on to their customers. Microstrategy benefits because, candidly, IQ is doing very well and there is every reason to think its users would like their product. And with Sybase closing significant numbers of deals every quarter, there is real upside in seeding them with Microstrategy seats. If the customer likes the product, of course, there is an upsell opportunity. And both vendors - and the customer - benefit. Nice.
This is not what we analysts like to call a "Barney agreement" ("I love you, you love me...") like so many partnership announcements. The two vendors have agreed on integrated packaging, joint product certification, and vendor-to-vendor technical support. But in addition, Sybase can now offer MicroStrategy consulting services and education, which is a much more concrete engagement level. One can expect that there will be some new business here.
Greenplum is one of several companies who have defied the notion that "RDBMS has been done," and one of the most successful of late on the high end (of scale, but not necessarily price.) The argument goes that it's a waste of time to build a new enterprise class RDBMS - kernel, optimizer, and associated feature set - because there is no room left for real innovation. It takes years, deep engineering expertise, and money - and when you're done, your reward is to enter a crowded market dominated by players who have multi-billion dollar deep pockets, massive sales and engineering teams, and legions of loyal customers. A losing proposition. And yet, Greenplum has done it, and is winning deals. Regularly, and at an increasing rate.
I visited the team last week to catch up on recent progress, and their story illustrates the possibilities. If you want a good summary of Greenplum's first two years (2006-07) and technical highlights, there's no need for me to do that here - Curt Monash does an excellent job on this post from 2008, and he recently talked with Ebay about their use of Greenplum on a massive scale in this article. The eBay site is also a harbinger of things to come, as Greenplum settles into a vision of supplementing, feeding, and coexisting with older enterprise data warehouse products that don't cost-effectively handle the new petabyte-scale business opportunities. Monash does a nice job explaining how eBay describes the new opportunities for exploiting data in ways that didn't exist when leading RDBMSs were designed.
Greenplum's 2006 deal with Sun came at an important time in their arc, and it helped kickstart things. When venture capital was most necessary, as Greenplum hardened its multi-year engineering effort and moved to deploy, support early customers and ramp up sales and partner efforts, Sun's strong endorsement was an important validation. It no doubt helped convince early investors to come on board for Greenplum's C round, and helped open doors for some key early sales, too. So it was natural for me to ask president Scott Yara how much impact he expects from Oracle's potential acquisition of Sun. His answer: "Our relationship with Sun has been a very productive partnership, but from day one our focus has always been about software and leveraging general purpose hardware. As long as Oracle maintains its commitment to be a general purpose systems provider, we have every intention of continuing to support Sun/Solaris, and give our customers the power of choice whether that's Sun/Oracle, Dell, HP, EMC, etc."
Greenplum has racked up 65 customers in two and half years - a pace faster than, say, Teradata over a similar period, Yara says. "Our vision seems to be resonating well in the market: we've been acquiring 8-10 new enterprise customers per quarter, at a pace (wins per sales team) faster than our much larger competitors [i.e. Netezza and Teradata - MA] with a fraction of the sales coverage. We are continuing to aggressively build out that sales force, which today has direct coverage in the US, Asia Pacific, Japan and EMEA." IT Market Strategy believes that Greenplum will double its number of sales teams in 2009. The firm has recently announced a partnership with EMC, and has a new release about to launch. And Greenplum has a clear message about their offering: a petabyte-scale database for data warehousing and business intelligence. They know what kind of deals they are after - big ones. And they're getting them.
So yes, there is still room for innovation. Numerous firms are building off open source code lines, as Greenplum and others have done with postgres, adding features targeted at specific markets, and winning business. Open source + capital has created an intriguing new model of rapid innovation in "mature" markets, and the database space - like BI - is not a done deal. It is indeed possible to escape the gravity well, if you execute. Greenplum is getting it done, and is among the new stars to watch.


text:
excerpt from Randy's Rodeo by Randy Anthony
"The significance of STANLEY BOOTH as a writer will forever be marked by his proximity to the Rolling Stones. He had full access to the band, drinking, drugging, and screwing alongside them as they barreled through the late 60's. His book about the Stones, The True Adventures of the Rolling Stones, is considered by many to be a classic of rock journalism, and it is indisputably one of the most important books ever written about the legendary band. Quoth Keith Richards, "Yeah, that's how it was.""
excerpt from Swampland - James Calemine
"In all Booth's work, he uses the miracle of language to breathe eternal life into the accomplishments and circumstances of great American musicians, some who died poor, neglected, talented, and forgotten. Booth serves as a voice for these underdog, or underground, musicians.
Booth's writing remains a cornerstone testimony of Sunday morning gospels, minstrel sideshows, sawmills, scaldcat, funeral parlors, wizard oil, swamp water, shotgun shacks, dirt roads, Mississippi churches, Memphis mean streets, bottleneck junctions, catfish, barbecue woodsmoke, gris-gris, juke joints, railroad tracks, traveling medicine shows, stone cold fevers, voodoo practioners, mojo dust, soul food, zombie powder, midnight undertakers, whiskey stills, cut-throat wages, chickenyard fiddles, devil's shoestring, spooky field recordings, Civil War songs, fatback grease, black cat bones, and many other redemptions and temptations buried in American music folklore and fact..."
Amazon links to Books by Stanley Booth
Stanley Booth interviewed about Colonel Bruce Hampton:
Stanley Booth Program on Blind Willie McTell
(from Georgia Music Hall of Fame and Georgia Public Radio)
From Wikipedia: McTell is unusual, if not unique, among country bluesmen for his ability to play the guitar in both a complex, fingerpicking ragtime style similar to Blind Blake or Blind Boy Fuller (see, for example, his recording of "Georgia Rag," a cover of Blake's "Wabash Rag") and a heavier bottleneck blues style ("Three Women Blues"). His playing in both idioms is masterly, fluid, and inventive; based on multiple recordings of the same song (for example, "Broke Down Engine"), he never played a song the same way twice. His style could almost be called "stream of consciousness," as he would vary the bar pattern and sometimes even the rhythm and chord progression from verse to verse. McTell was also an excellent accompanist and recorded many songs with his longtime musical companion, Curley Weaver; their recordings are some of the most outstanding examples of country blues guitar duets. See, for example, "It's a Good Little Thing" or "You Were Born to Die."


Swiss archaeologists seem to have solved a mystery at a famous Roman site. They have come to the conclusion that some mysterious shafts at the archaeological site were used as a method of refrigeration. The team believes that this is how the Romans preserved their food in the ancient city. Although controversial, the theory could help experts understand the enigmatic pits that have long baffled investigators.
The team have been working at the archaeological site and open-air museum of Augusta Raurica, some 20 kilometers (14 miles) from Basel. The site had originally been a Roman colony - the oldest known colony on the River Rhine. It became a large urban center and eventually the capital of the local province. It was devastated during an invasion by Germanic tribes during the 3 rd century crisis and the population was re-settled elsewhere.
The site is rich in archaeological remains, including a basilica, forum, theater, and aqueduct. There are also a set of shafts that run some 4 meters (12 feet) deep into the earth. The reason for the construction of the shafts has long perplexed experts. Various theories had been put forward, including one that the shafts were used as places to refrigerate supplies. According to SWI, the 'Romans are known to have used such holes to store fruit, vegetables, oysters, cheese and other products that go off'.
A team led by Professor Peter-Andrew Schwarz at the University of Basel decided to conduct a test to determine if the shafts could have been used to refrigerate food and drinks. They developed a simple experiment, they placed a bottle of beer and other items into a shaft in April 2018. They then, according to The Local website, 'packed in compacted snow-ice and covered with straw' in the shaft and its walls lined with straw to see if the beer and other products could be refrigerated. This technique was based on one that is still practiced on the Spanish island of Majorca. Last week, four months after they placed the items into the shaft the team of experts much to their delight discovered that the items were still cold.
This test does not prove conclusively that the mysterious shafts were used to refrigerate food and drink. It does show that it is possible that this was the case. The Local reports that this is the ''third and most successful time the team has attempted to recreate the Romans' cool box''. Previous attempts had not been successful, even though ice and snow had been employed. When the team members from the University of Basel found that the beer was still chilled, they celebrated by drinking it.
The Swiss team now believe that the shafts at Augusta Raurica were used to keep food and stores cool and fresh during the hot summers. The, shafts, as in their experiment were filled with snow and ice during the winter and early Spring. This helped to keep the shafts cool, as did the fact they were underground. This would mean that the local population could keep supplies fresh some time into the summer months. The ability to preserve food would mean that the inhabitants of Augusta Raurica had access to perishable foodstuffs for more of the year, perhaps contributing to the growth and development of the colony.
The site at Augusta Raurica has provided many important insights into life in the Roman provinces. The experiment conducted by the Swiss team may show that the Romans had developed a sophisticated way to preserve their food. It should be noted that while the test indicates' that the shafts could keep stores, the team acknowledged that the shafts do not appear to have been able to keep produce cool for an extended period.
It seems likely that there will be those who will not accept the theory that the shafts were used for refrigeration, but this test has proved it to be a possible function.
The thinking behind this is sound. It's not isolated to this site either, it's applicable to all historical sites. We could be missing something hugely important. Just because a site is repurposed by an elite as a burial chamber does not imply that this was there intended purpose from construction. There are Babylon sites that use that take in cold nighttime air to regulate temperature in the day (a natural refrigerator using no power, OK slightly different method). All these beehives tombs on the islands may have once been winter food storage chambers (it is a much better match). Completely dug in too, so raiders, don't get your Winter food. It's been overlooked just how important this is, the Egyptian had a 7 year food reserve when Thera erupted, with the proceeds they purchased huge amounts of land! Great article. It would be well worth considering the need for a society to store food for winter (we don't think of this today as food is abundant) but in ancients times you were one failed harvest away from perishing and your entire society collapsing (leading to raiding).


text:
Yes, People Eat Bugs—So Why Don't You Farm Them?
Eating insects is really a thing—technically called entomophagy—and farmers, now's your chance to jump in on this emerging market.
by Heidi StrawnAugust 26, 2014
When HobbyFarms.com managing editor Rachael Brugger suggested that I write something about edible insects, I was like, "Really?" And then I met a friend at a local bookstore, and here was this book, The Insect Cookbook: Food for a Sustainable Planet (Columbia University Press, 2014), and again, I was like, "Really?" But more people are into eating insects, obviously, because a quick Amazon.com search yielded five more edible-insect texts.
I've done a significant amount of traveling, farming and eating my way through the U.S., Europe and Turkey, but I've not encountered a culture that readily serves up insects as anything more than novelty. Now I feel like I'm missing out. The Food and Agriculture Organization says there are 1,900 edible insect species (see a list here) and has a 201-page guide to edible insects, outlining their contribution to food security and examining the possibility of raising them commercially to improve food and feed production and diversify diets around the world. "Edible insects are a promising alternative to the conventional production of meat, either for direct human consumption or for indirect use as feedstock," the FAO claims.
As a small-scale, sustainable farmer and sustainability-minded person, I'm all about sustainable food sources. I'm also not one to judge people for trying something new, so here I am, writing about edible insects. The more I started thinking about eating bugs, the more I wondered: Can we eat invasive species to get rid of them? Can I eat those &JE$#@% harlequin bugs that go after my kale? And, wait, is this article about a company grinding insects into flour for baking? Bring it.
Once cooked, I don't think insects retain the same squirmy, slimy, smooshy consistency that we know them to have as live bugs. (Also, calling them insects rather than bugs gives them a less icky quality, don't you agree?) Health-wise, insects are full of high-quality protein, vitamins and amino acids. And they're sustainably produced. I mean, just try to stop the crickets from breeding on your farm! Feed-wise, crickets need six times less feed than cattle, four times less than sheep and two times less than pigs and broiler chickens to produce the same amount of protein. Waste-wise, they emit little greenhouse gases and ammonia, unlike cattle.
A Three-Course Meal
The United Kingdom has cooking-contest shows, just like we do in the U.S. Former contestants of one show, the Great British Bake Off, undertook an edible-insect dessert challenge in honor of pest-control company Rentokil's "Pestaurant," a pop-up restaurant serving dishes that feature common pests. I wouldn't have a problem digging in to the Early Bird Breakfast Pie, Black Forest-Floor Brownie (which is gluten-free and high in protein!), or Chocolate Cupcakes with Cricket and Peanut Brittle that these chefs put together.
Closer to home, I asked friends if they'd ever eaten insects as a legitimate food source. My friend Molly Ashley sent me to her dad, Stuart Ferguson, in Union, Ky., who in his late teens, ate grasshoppers after reading a magazine article that included a recipe that friend them.
"Catching them was the hard part," Ferguson tells me. "I heated up a fry-pan with oil 1/2 inch deep, and threw in the live grasshoppers I just caught. They were surprisingly good. Crispy shell, not much to them—sort of like popcorn or chips. Everything deep fat fried is good."
This is a good point—fry a bug right, and it could be mistaken for anything. But fry a bug wrong …
"A few months later, I caught a really big grasshopper," Stuart continues. "I cooked it the same as the smaller ones I had before, but it had a foul taste. Not real sure I can describe the taste, but it made me a bit ill. I believe if I stayed with the smaller grasshoppers, I may not have got ill. I like adventure, and eating new things is part of that."
When you get that hankering for insects away from home, restaurants—many serving a style of Asian- or South American-inspired cuisine—are offering edible insects as side dishes and main courses. Just to name a few:
In San Francisco, Don Bugito is a street-food establishment offering "rather unusual but tasty creative foods inspired by Mexican pre-Hispanic and contemporary cuisine with locally sourced ingredients."
The Bug Appetit Buffet at the Audubon Nature Institute in New Orleans invites visitors to learn from chefs preparing edible insects—though this is more of a novelty than a legit meal.
Portland's Sushi Mazi promotes entomophagy with its grasshopper sushi.
The Insect-Farm Bandwagon
With all of this insect-eating going on, someone has to be producing them—or at least corralling them so they can be caught and turned into human food. Some farmers in Youngstown, Ohio, decided they were up for that task and opened Big Cricket Farm—the first human-food-grade insect farm in the country. With what appears to be mounting interest in edible insects, this might be a market where small-scale farmers can really dig in.
So maybe I do need to buy one of those cookbooks.
« More The News Hog »


The course teaches the development and impact of the media in Germany since 1945 with a special focus on contemporary society and its relations with Israel. Furthermore, it examines the shifting media landscape in the 21st century with an emphasis on news and current affairs.
The course aims to transmit a comprehensive view of the media landscape in Germany. This includes the acquirement of knowledge about ongoing current affairs and debates as well as media ethics, the influence of ownership and journalistic standards.
•	To orient themselves within the German media landscape and assess the role of major as well as minor media outlets from a historical and contemporary point of view.
•	To read, analyze and discuss media content relating to current affairs.
•	To evaluate news content and its impact on various audiences and the political landscape.
•	To gain insights into the journalistic process of producing and distributing media content within a national and transnational context.
•	To have a reflective view on German society through the critical discussion of the media.
Teaching arrangement and method of instruction: The teaching combines theoretical and practical approaches. Each unit focuses on a thematically arranged overview focusing on chronological developments since 1945 as well as on current affairs. Each topic will be discussed by referring to its historical and sociological context. The students introduce key media players to the class and present a weekly "media revue" summarizing the main news and current affairs debated in Germany. Furthermore, guest lecturers from the field will be invited to give insights into their own journalistic work.
•	Two oral presentations: (1) introducing a key player of the German media, (2) summarizing and contextualizing the news of the week.
•	One written final assignment based on one of the presentations.
Students needing academic accommodations based on a disability should contact the Center for Diagnosis and Support of Students with Learning Disabilities, or the Office for Students with Disabilities, as early as possible, to discuss and coordinate accommodations, based on relevant documentation.
For further information, please visit the site of the Dean of Students Office.


Hampshire-based four-piece, The 109s, are here to put rock riffs back where they belong: loud and high in the mix, clawing and stomping their way through the speaker cones to grab listeners by the throat and pummel them into submission . . .
The 109s have taken everything good about Zeppelin, Sabbath, Royal Blood, AC/DC, Iron Maiden, MC5, The Stooges, Soundgarden and The Black Keys, and distilled from it a 100-percent-proof moonshine-mash that is all their own - a heady brew that kicks like a mule, burns like a mother, but has everyone asking for seconds . . .
The fantastic power of the band's music is led by vocalist Damian Shelley's strong but nuanced delivery and impressive vocal harmonies, while lead guitarist, Matty Pritchard's short, high-octane solos reference everyone from Jimmy Page to J. Mascis.
Of course, none of this would be real rock if there wasn't a stunning rhythm section (Pete Smith, bass, and Steve Collings, drums) who deliver the precision-power and flair of legendary pairings such as John Bonham and John Paul Jones, or Keith Moon and John Entwistle.
The band's song arrangements are always original and surprising, wringing every droplet of dynamism and groove from a single riff, before strutting seamlessly through a flurry of exciting changes that are strung together with the delicacy of dewdrops on a cobweb.
A multi-talented artist, lead guitarist, Matty Pritchard, is also an author and member of the UK Crime Writers Association. He has published three novels in the UK to date - Scarecrow, Broken Arrow and Werewolf - under the name Matthew Pritchard, and was nominated for the CWA's Gold Dagger Award.


The LeTV mobile service center has team of experts who experienced in the wide range of repair services not only in the leTV. The experts satisfy the thousands and thousands of customers as well as repair mobile electronic devices in an effective manner. The experts also repair the device without delay anymore and easily analyze the exact cause of the problem. The professionals specially offer best prices on all sorts of repairs in the LeTV and exceptional repair services to address the requirements and distinct focus on the ideal customer service. Whatever, the LeTV mobile repair doesn't wait for anymore to contact the 24×7 customer support service. The letv mobile service center is accessible for the customer who has issue in their mobile contact at anytime and from anywhere to clarify the doubts. Get ready to stay connected with the mobile service center and get huge benefits. It is the right time for you to hire the experts and repair mobile with professional assistance.


In a previous post I mentioned that my new macbook pro was taking a long time to shutdown. Well I have found the problem, at least on my machine and tunnelblick seems to be the culprit. If I close the tunnelblick software before shutting down, my laptop immediately turns off.
I've posted a new version of Tunnelblick that should solve your problem. Can you check if your problem still persists in the new version?
I'm using Tunnelblick_3.1.7 on OSX 10.4.11 and it still takes up to 5 minutes for the computer to shutdown/restart. I hope the update solved your problem. because it still hasn't solved mine. Even after quitting the application the system still hangs while shutting down. I presume that it has something to do with having mounted a windows samba share still being attached. Hopefully disconnecting the share, or closing the vpn connection will fix the problem.
Eric, I ended up moving over to Viscosity and my slow shutdowns on the Macbook Pro went away.


text:
The priority of definition
Hugh H. Benson
In John Bussanich & Nicholas D. Smith (eds.), The Bloomsbury Companion to Socrates. Continuum (2013)
Socrates in Ancient Greek and Roman Philosophy
This entry has no external links. Add one.
The Socratic Fallacy Undone.Dylan B. Futter - forthcoming - British Journal for the History of Philosophy:1-21.
Socrates, the Primary Question, and the Unity of Virtue.Justin C. Clark - 2015 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 45 (4):445-470.
Dialéctica, pensamiento 'intuitivo' y 'discursivo' en Platón.Marcelo Boeri Carranza - 2017 - Tópicos: Revista de Filosofía 52:11-42.
Risk-Free Approaches to the Priority View.David McCarthy - 2013 - Erkenntnis 78 (2):421-449.
Monism and Intrinsicality.Kelly Trogdon - 2009 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 87 (1):127 – 148.
A Causal Model for Causal Priority.Martin Bunzl - 1984 - Erkenntnis 21 (1):31 - 44.
Priority Setting and Evidence Based Purchasing.Lucy Frith - 1999 - Health Care Analysis 7 (2):139-151.
The Functions of Definition in Science.Peter Caws - 1959 - Philosophy of Science 26 (3):201-228.
On the Possibility of Nonaggregative Priority for the Worst Off.Marc Fleurbaey, Bertil Tungodden & Peter Vallentyne - 2009 - Social Philosophy and Policy 26 (1):258-285.
A Framework for Priority Arguments.M. Lerman - 2010 - Cambridge University Press.
On the Definition of "Religion".Phillip E. Devine - 1986 - Faith and Philosophy 3 (3):270-284.
Priority in Aristotle's Metaphysics.Michail Peramatzis - 2011 - Oxford University Press.
The Priority of the Now.Sam Baron - 2014 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly:0-0.
What is the Difference Between (Moderate) Egalitarianism and Prioritarianism?Karsten Klint Jensen - 2003 - Economics and Philosophy 19 (1):89-109.
On Gilmore's Definition of 'Dead'.Seahwa Kim - 2011 - Philosophia 39 (1):105-110.
Causal Priority and Temporal Priority.A. Grant McCrea - unknown
Valuing, Desiring and Normative Priority.By Michael S. Brady - 2003 - Philosophical Quarterly 53 (211):231–242.
Rawls's Defense of the Priority of Liberty: A Kantian Reconstruction.Robert S. Taylor - 2003 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 31 (3):246–271.
Sorry, there are not enough data points to plot this chart.


A gourmet ice cream boutique in Hong Kong that sources its cream from France, milk from Australia and vanilla bourbon from Madagascar drew curious crowds with adventurous palates at an international food expo last week for its lobster and foie gras flavored desserts.
Arron Liu's Ice Cream Gallery was a crowd favorite at this year's edition of the Hong Kong Food Expo for audacious ice cream flavors that aim to elevate "fine ice cream" to fine dining.
Since 1994, Liu has developed more than 600 ice cream flavors, some of which are inspired by French haute cuisine – like the foie gras and salmon varieties – and regional ingredients like Malaysian durian and Philippine mangoes. Ingredients for their ice creams are all natural.
Some of their newest flavors include ginger vinegar and egg ice cream made with Italian black vinegar; French bacon and egg ice cream made with American bacon; and wine ice cream from Canada.


This is not a commercial website and we will not sell, distribute or lease your personal information to third parties. You may request details of any personal information which we hold about you under the Data Protection Act 1998 and, after May 25th, the General Data Protection Regulation 2018. If you would like a copy of the information held on you please contact us. If you believe that any information we are holding on you is incorrect or incomplete, please contact us as soon as possible. We will promptly correct any information found to be incorrect.


That's it for this week folks. Don't forget to post your comments dear readers because we'd love to hear your thoughts and opinions. If there's anything at all you'd like to share with us or talk about through Kellogs, just drop us a line at eng.kels@gmail.com and we'd be glad to have you as part of our team.
"If you desire glory, you may envy Napoleon. But Napoleon envied Caesar, Caesar envied Alexander, and Alexander, I daresay, envied Hercules, who never existed. You cannot, therefore, get away from envy by means of success alone, for there will always be in history or legend some person even more successful than you are. You can get away from envy by enjoying the pleasures that come your way, by doing the work that you have to do, and by avoiding comparisons with those whom you imagine, perhaps quite falsely, to be more fortunate than ourself."
Go figure people! see you next week.


text:
		<input type="button" class="btn btn-warning" ng-click="showCancelDialog(true)" value="Cancel"/>
		<input type="button" class="btn btn-primary" ng-click="showSaveDialog(true)" value="Save"/>

					<button type="button" class="close" ng-click="closeDialog()" aria-hidden="true">×</button>

Save record

If you have finished entering all the information, you can submit your request for assistance.

If you are unable to complete entry of this record, you can save it as a draft, which will then be available in your list of drafts on the Management Centre.

					<button type="button" ng-click="closeDialog()" 		 class="btn btn-default" >Cancel</button>
					<button type="button" ng-click="saveDraftFn();closeDialog()"       ng-disabled="disabledSave" class="btn btn-info">Save as draft</button>
					<button type="button" ng-click="saveRequestFn();closeDialog()"  ng-disabled="disabledSave"  class="btn btn-primary" >Submit request</button>
					<button ng-if="isAdmin" type="button" ng-click="saveCompletedFn();closeDialog()"  ng-disabled="disabledSave"  class="btn btn-primary" >Submit & Publish</button>

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Canceling changes

If you want to cancel the changes you just made to this draft, you can keep the previous version of the draft, which will then be available in the list of drafts on the Management Centre. You or your colleagues can then continue editing the record in the current, or a later, session.

					<button type="button" ng-click="closeDialog()" class="btn btn-default" >Cancel</button>
					<button type="button" ng-click="close()"       class="btn btn-primary" >Close without saving</button>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Kamienica przy ulicy Stolarskiej 7 – zabytkowa kamienica, zlokalizowana przy ulicy Stolarskiej na krakowskim Starym Mieście.

Historia
W średniowieczu w miejscu obecnej kamienicy wzniesiono trzy gotyckie domy. W XVIII wieku zostały one zakupione przez rodzinę Badenich i przebudowane w jeden pałac miejski w stylu empire. Na przełomie XVIII i XIX wieku budynek zakupił Felicjan Ludwik Morsztyn, na którego zlecenie został on przebudowany według projektu Szczepana Humberta. Kamienica częściowo spłonęła podczas wielkiego pożaru Krakowa w 1850. Zniszczeniu uległa większość zbiorów biblioteki Morsztynów, zawierającej m.in. inkunabuły z XV wieku, druki z XVI wieku, rękopisy z okresu od XVI do XIX wieku oraz diariusze sejmowe z XVIII wieku. W 1945 budynek został znacjonalizowany. Od początku lat 50. XX wieku do 1976 mieścił się w nim Dom Sportu. W latach 1976–1982 kamienica została gruntownie odnowiona. Podczas prac renowacyjnych odkryto trzy gotyckie portale w piwnicach budynku oraz dziedziniec i portal z XVII wieku. Od 1992 jest ona siedzibą konsulatu generalnego Niemiec.

12 maja 1966 kamienica została wpisana do rejestru zabytków. Znajduje się także w gminnej ewidencji zabytków.

Przypisy

Zabytkowe kamienice przy ulicy Stolarskiej w Krakowie

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Do you have previous experience as an administrator or Data entry Clerk?
My client, a well respected company based in Didcot are looking for temporary members of staff to join a busy team and help with the process, migration and retention of information in spreadsheets.
Currently this role is ongoing so will be guaranteed up to March.
If you are interested or know of suitible aplicants please feel free to get in contact via the details below.


Forbes List of "Grateful Grads"
We've made it easy. Finishing a simple application is just a click away. Your first steps to becoming a Morningsider start here.
It's the best way to get to know us. Talk with students, meet professors, take a tour and attend special sessions planned for you and your parents.
Experience matters at Morningside, and we're so confident in you and your journey here that we offer the Morningside XP Guarantee.
More than 20 NAIA varsity sports give you many opportunities to participate in a nationally recognized athletic program.
There are plenty of reasons why Morningside is a great choice but take it from the ones who know best, our students!


text:
Hicksville, OH: A Review
The typical household size in Hicksville, OH is 2.91 family members members, with 75.8% being the owner of their own houses. The average home appraisal is $96605. For those renting, they pay an average of $769 per month. 59.4% of households have dual incomes, and a median household income of $61910. Average income is $28659. 9.8% of citizens exist at or below the poverty line, and 10.9% are disabled. 10.7% of inhabitants are ex-members of the military.
The work force participation rate in Hicksville is 67.1%, with an unemployment rate of 1.2%. For all those in the labor force, the average commute time is 18.3 minutes. 6.2% of Hicksville's population have a grad diploma, and 9.4% posses a bachelors degree. For all without a college degree, 29.3% have some college, 41% have a high school diploma, and only 14.1% have received an education lower than senior high school. 7.4% are not included in medical health insurance.
Hicksville, Ohio: Visualizing
It's time to manifest. Feel it and first believe it. Use these objectives that are clear routine time each day to live in the emotions you would like. It could be the thing that is first do in the morning or the final thing you do before going to bed (or both). Make this a daily meditation in which you picture yourself in this situation that is prosperous. Maybe you see your self involved in a new office, managing your company, or driving the new automobile you've always desired. The more you sense it, the more you'll be able to trust it's coming your way. You must have the impression that every little thing you want is already in your lifetime. You aspire to be a published author, right? Believe you've already been published. Assume you're already the CEO of a corporation that is profitable. Convince yourself, then leave the rest to the cosmos. A dilemma arose for a buddy of mine. She could only afford $600 per month in rent, but she desired a stylish one-bedroom apartment in the West Village, close to her gym and friends. Given that rentals in the region were easily double that, it seemed like an impossible task. Yet, I advised her to concentrate on what she desired rather than what she did not want! If you believe you'll never discover such a accepted place, think again. You'll show that you're correct. She remained upbeat and focused on her goals. A friend of a friend was town that is leaving few months later and wanted to lease her flat for $600 per month. It was the apartment that is ideal complete with a little garden and exposed brick walls for extra character. Everyone thought it couldn't be done, but she proved everyone wrong. Most of us, knowingly or not, still hold these views that are restricted. If that you don't let go of these notions, you may never find a way to attract money. You must first alter your inner before you can transform your outer. Make a list of all of your money beliefs, ideas, and emotions. I suggest meditating for a few minutes before beginning therefore that you can connect with your higher self.
research belief with manifestation examining belief as a new topic. read more
visualization and your clarity
believing in examining love and align in current times. read more
Mount Ayr, IA: peace and belief
Mount Ayr, Iowa: discovering an analysis of dreams in current times. read more
find out about the power of belief
wish for money? in Bath: researching money and vision as a new topic. read more
the power of belief, yearning for health
visualization: Discover manifesting for money an examination of money while its in fashion. read more


text:
Q: Using Interface to convert objects I have this entity class Map and I have created another partial class that implements the interface which basically carries common properties that is shared among classes.
namespace entity
{
    public partial class Map
    {
        public Guid Id { get; set; }

        public DateTime date1 { get; set; }

        public DateTime date2 { get; set; }

        public int? test1 { get; set; }

        public int? test2 { get; set; }

    }

    public partial class Map : ICommonFields
        {

        }

}

namespace Test
{
    public interface ICommonFields
    {
        Guid Id { get; set; }

        DateTime date1 { get; set; }

        DateTime date2 { get; set; }

    }
}

Now, in my code I get List of class Map
check(List<Map>);

private void check(List<ICommonFields> co)
{
   // do something
}

I get this error

"cannot convert from system.collections.generic.list map to
  system.collections.generic.list ICommonfields"

How can I do this conversion, since I am only interested in common field Id, date1 and date2 ?

A: Your code lack a bit of explaination but if I understand it right whhat you want to do is
var myList = new List<Map>();

/* loading of myList */

check(myList.ToList<ICommonFields>());


text:
Grisolles – miejscowość i gmina we Francji, w regionie Oksytania, w departamencie Tarn i Garonna.

Według danych na rok 1990 gminę zamieszkiwały 2772 osoby, a gęstość zaludnienia wynosiła 157 osób/km² (wśród 3020 gmin regionu Midi-Pireneje Grisolles plasuje się na 123. miejscu pod względem liczby ludności, natomiast pod względem powierzchni na miejscu 647.).

Zabytki

Bibliografia

Miejscowości w departamencie Tarn i Garonna


text:
Digital Marketing Core Modules
Certified Digital Marketing Strategist (CDMS) Programme
WSQ Digital Marketing Strategy (DMS)
WSQ Content Marketing Strategy (CMS)
WSQ Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
WSQ Digital Advertising
WSQ Social Media Marketing (SMM)
WSQ Digital Marketing Analytics (Google Analytics Certification)
Digital Marketing Advanced Modules
Advanced Content Marketing Strategy
Advanced Search Engine Optimisation
Advanced Social Media Marketing
Advanced Digital Marketing Analytics (GAIQ Certification)
Digital Marketing Electives
Facebook Marketing and Advertising
WSQ Google Ads Search Engine Marketing (SEM) and Display (PPC)
Google Tag Manager Certification
LinkedIn Sales & Marketing
Conversion Rate Optimisation (CRO)
NICF WSQ WordPress Website Creation
Unsure Which Course to Take?
Try Out the Course Selection Diagnostic Tool
Resources For Digital Marketers
Digital Marketing Guides
Digital Marketing Templates
Digital Marketing Videos
Digital Marketing Career Portal
Digital Marketing Career Progression
Digital Marketing Salary Guide
Digital Marketing Team Structure
Digital Marketing Job Roles
Digital Marketing Internship
Digital Marketing Essential Skills
Digital Marketing Resume
Digital Marketing Job Listings
Digital Marketing Agency Directory
What is Digital Marketing and Digital Marketing Strategy? (With Examples)
A 4-Step Digital Marketing Strategy Framework
Digital Advertising Strategy Guide (Flowchart Included)
The State of Digital Marketing in Singapore 2018 [Infographic]
Why Learn At Equinet Academy
Strategic Approaches to Content Marketing
A Marketing that is "Always On"
In this day and age where brands are vying to emerge as the consumers' first choice during the decision-making moment, it's crucial for one to keep consumers constantly engaged by creating consistent and engaging content. This is also known as the "always-on" marketing approach.
By putting in conscious and consistent effort in generating new and engaging content, it ensures that the brand is stipulated in the minds of their target audience and as a result, their customers would be encouraged to purchase while able to have their needs met at any given moment.
Importance of "Always On" Marketing
Why is "always on" marketing approach imperative?
Following the rise of social media, businesses are expected to enhance their community management as 80% of the patrons expect companies to acknowledge and interact with their social media posts within a day. If one limits marketing to only during "regular" business hours, it may cause them to forego on opportunities to acquire new business.
Hence, by using the "always on" marketing approach, it elevates customer relationship-building and stronger bonds would be created.
To kickstart your "always on" marketing approach, you must first implement the strategic approaches to content creation through the following content marketing models:
Create, Curate and Repurpose
Let's take a closer look at each of the content models.
Youtube Strategy for Content Marketing
Designed by Google for YouTube publishers, the Hero, Hub, Hygiene content marketing model not only is a holistic video strategy that helps the publishers to ensure that their tactics satisfy the need for creative brand building and fundamental content. It also highlights the importance of consistency as well as content series creation to promote customer retention.
Image from 'The YouTube Creator Playbook for Brands'
There are 3 basic objectives that can be met by the Hero, Hub, Hygiene content marketing framework.
Hero content drives brand awareness and reaches out to the mass audience.
Hub content places emphasis on the brand message for discussion, community building, and promotes customer retention.
Hygiene content ensures that when consumers search for a piece of information that the brand is able to provide, it is readily available.
Approach: Hero, Hub, Hygiene explained
Let's say your brand is launching a new product or event and needs to reach out to a crowd. This is where you can engage hero content into your strategy as it helps in heightening awareness through extensive events or programs to reach the mainstream.
Done on an average of once to twice a year through emotional storytelling to entertain and inspire viewers, hero content generally needs a considerable amount of time and financial investment to execute.
Even though it may lead to an outstanding rate of return, it also possesses a high degree of risk as success isn't guaranteed.
With the intention to drive brand awareness and engagement with the community to keep audiences coming back, hub content should be updated frequently and are ought to encourage viewers to "subscribe – like – follow".
As compared to hero content, it generally costs lower to publish hub content as they often come in the form of blogs, collaborations, testimonials, and newsjacking topical content marketing.
When creating and distributing this content, it is important to make use of mediums or channels that serve as the best fit for your brand. For example, if your brand delivers services that are visual and experimental, it would be great for you to use videos and content that is visually appealing as an alternative to a written piece of content.
Specifically created surrounding the core interests of relevance to the target audience and to captivate viewers who search for key terms relating to the brand, hygiene content ensures that your brand remains visible in organic searches for a precise keyword as well as long-tail phrases.
Defined as "search phrases with longer word count", an example of long-tail keywords would be "buying silk fitted bedsheets" instead of "buying bedsheets".
By educating consumers through hygiene content, your brand would be perceived as a thought leader and those content could simply come in tutorials, tips and tricks, self-help articles, and many more.
If one does it right, hygiene content usually rewards with the highest return on investment from content marketing.
This infographic summarises the different content-types used for the different intents.
Case Studies: Volvo
Hero Content
Volvo created the video to showcase the directional stability and precision of the world-first technology, Volvo Dynamic Steering, which makes the Volvo FM easier to drive.
In the video, Jean Claude Van Damme could be seen performing splits between a pair of Volvo juggernauts and the video has garnered over 99 million views on YouTube as of 2020 and was extremely successful at getting people into watching videos that sell trucks. This undoubtedly makes 'The Epic Split' the hero content of Volvo.
Video of "The Epic Split" by Volvo
Hub Content
To sustain the interest following 'The Epic Split', a series called "Welcome to My Cab" was created and it highlights customized Volvo trucks and its owners who are living in it.
An episode of "Welcome to My Cab" by Volvo
Hygiene Content
Hygiene content can include creating educational content by simply showcasing a series of explainer videos around specific product features.
Another series by Volvo, "What's your story?", was created in collaboration with its customers, and the series highlights safety tips and productivity.
An episode of "What's your story?" by Volvo
Case Studies: OnePlus
As a standard hero campaign, this video was created to introduce the OnePlus 3 and it's targeted at a large audience with the simple intention of launching the smartphone.
Video of the OnePlus 3 by OnePlus
Several pop-up events are held at key cities and OnePlus then records the events regularly and publishes them on their YouTube channel.
Video of the OnePlus3 Pop-up Event in Berlin by OnePlus
To heighten their core hero proposition, comparison content was also created. In the video, the OnePlus 3 was compared to the Samsung Galaxy S7 to showcase one of the key features of OnePlus 3, the Dash Charge.
OnePlus 3 vs. Samsung Galaxy S7 video by OnePlus
Another suggested hygiene content can be unboxing and 'how-to' videos.
Following the launch of the OnePlus3, the search term "oneplus 3 unboxing" became extremely popular. In order to help the consumers in the decision-making process of purchasing the phone, OnePlus incorporated the hygiene factor by releasing an official unboxing of the OnePlus 3.
OnePlus 3 official unboxing video by OnePlus
OnePlus also answered the various "how-to" questions that will arise after the phone is bought.
"How to: Claim an invite" as part of the "How to" series by OnePlus
Case Studies: Red Bull
The hero content of Red Bull would definitely be their Project Stratos where they sent Felix Baumgartner, an Austrian skydiver to freefall from the edge of space.
The live-streamed event not only garnered over 36 million views that brought Red Bull thousands of new subscribers in just slightly over one year. It also set the world record for the highest freefall jump in 2012.
Video of 'Project Stratos' by Red Bull
Red Bull released a series of behind the scenes and training videos of Felix Baumgartner and other than enabling viewers to learn more about the man behind the parachute, it was also effective in terms of sustaining the interest leading to the official Project Stratos jump.
Video of 'The man behind the parachute' by Red Bull
The statistics from the jump was presented in a smart CGI video where it shows a clearer view of how the jump was conducted.
Video of 'Red Bull Stratos CGI' by Red Bull
Approach: Hub & Spoke Content model
While the Hero, Hub, Hygiene approach places emphasis on the consistency and content series creation to promote customer retention, the Hub & Spoke content model focuses on creating valuable information to keep the audience engaged, generate leads, and eventually get conversions in the long run.
When you plan and strategize a comprehensive guideline to publishing content, it enables the projection and planning of substantial content which varies in formats that are then referred to and promoted in other ancillary content. This is where you can then apply the hub-spoke-model to your content strategy.
As derived from an article written by Mike Lieberman, this is how the hub-spoke-model works.
Sitting behind a lead capture form are topics that are rich in depth and of a high degree of excellence as the content is acquired from persona pain points, key topics, and target keywords. The content hub may also potentially come in the form of a webinar, e-book, or tip sheet.
Primary Content Spokes
With the purpose to direct traffic to the hub where the key content sits while addressing the sub-topics and related keywords, primary content spokes potentially comes in the form of emails, blogs, and videos.
Secondary Content Spokes
Secondary content spokes commonly come in the form of social media posts and are designed to direct traffic to primary spokes through a promotion plan.
Image from verticalmeasures.com
Promote a Hub & Spoke content strategy
Planning and Creating Articles
In the process of planning and creating, one must ensure that the spoke articles are individual pieces of an exhaustive topic and that each of them has an enthralling and expressive title as well as a comprehensible idea and writing style.
A call-to-action that brings readers to a landing page that offers a lead magnet should also be included at the end of each article as brands would then be able to obtain the reader's email address via the lead magnet.
Strategy for Well-Established Businesses
Other than being able to establish an understanding and gain insights about a customers' problems through the experience of working with them, it's also easier for businesses to discover topics as they have existing information of the clients on hand.
Helps to find the right keywords for content creation
It's important to conduct keyword research for your hub and spoke structure as it brings the focal point to keywords that are distinct to your topics. Also, since the hub can be disseminated into spokes, the keywords in the blogs would be influenced by the keywords determined at the level of the hub.
For example, if your hub covers keywords and topics like "content planning", "content strategizing" and "content marketing", it would be great if three individual blog articles are written surrounding each keyword.
Lead Magnets in the Hub & Spoke Content
Remember seeing a pop-up widget that says, "To continue reading, please enter your email" or "Enter your email to download our free template/e-book/checklist"?
An example of a Lead Magnet via neilpatel.com
This is known as a lead magnet and other than the 'popup' widget mentioned earlier, tools for lead magnets also include slide-out boxes, content upgrades, and website overlays.
The reason why the readers' email addresses are so easily obtainable is due to the beneficial content provided and these leads can then be cultivated with content to be sent to their inboxes.
Hub & Spoke Landing Page
As the content estate that holds the utmost importance in the entire strategy, the hub page should be designed in such a way that it eases browsing and navigation since the purpose of the page is to serve as a resource center.
It also includes links to spoke articles as well as outside sources and tools that provide support to the topic.
Marketing Funnel for Hub & Spoke Strategy
At the top of the marketing funnel usually sits the Hub and Spoke content and businesses generally aim to own potential customers so that relationships with them can be nurtured and developed over time.
However, to target the leads that would more likely make a purchase, one may require smart automation as well as email marketing tools.
Promote the Hub & Spoke Content
Other than reaching out to influencers to get them to share your content with their followers and benefitting from the association with their trusted brand, you may also help to answer any queries at forums like Quora, Reddit, or social media groups as a form of content promotion.
One can also immediately gauge how effective the content hub is through the engagements from paid ads like Google or Facebook ads.
Leveraging on Hub & Spoke Content
In a Hub and Spoke content, the spoke content is the one that brings the hub content back to life and extends forward to develop, market, and distribute new content. Hub content, on the other hand, is only required to be refreshed once in a while as they are usually considered as 'evergreen' content. (Huber, 2018).
The spoke content can be repurposed into a series of blog posts, tweets, Facebook posts, infographics, and more.
Case Studies: Pepsi Pulse
Launched with the intention of associating the brand with pop culture and music, the Pepsi Pulse is a content hub that shares the pop culture stories of entertainers and it engages the audience by asking fun questions as well as sharing social media posts from Pepsi and their fans.
The content hub makes a brilliant pop-culture source for younger users as it includes photos, text articles, and a Youtube connection is also established to the hub.
Screengrab of pepsi.com
Case Studies: Four Seasons Magazine
Comparable to a luxury magazine, the Four Seasons Magazine is published through multiple platforms and covers engaging topics of food, style, travel, destination suggestions, and many more.
Placed in every guest room to enhance the in-room experience, the large-format magazine with premium editorial and graphic talent directs readers to the online version for even more location-specific content.
Screengrab of https://www.fourseasons.com/magazine/
Approach: Create, Curate, and Repurpose
With the aforementioned approaches in mind, there is also another approach to content creation and that is the Create, Curate, and Repurpose content model.
As the demand for content rises, it's important for brands to constantly put out fresh and consistent content which requires time, creativity, and money even if that means no guarantees as to whether the content created would be well received by the audience.
Putting out fresh content may be important but being able to make use of curation and repurposing to extract value from content is the easiest way to save time, money, and creativity. This is where you can apply this content model into your content marketing strategy.
A very typical way to repurpose content is to modify an existing piece and serve it to a different audience and you can do so by simply replacing the examples in a blog post of a certain industry name and then add specific examples for the other industry.
A brilliant way of repurposing content
Repurposing Content
Repurposing content allows one's brand to satisfy different audiences. For instance, the same piece of information can come in different media formats like White Paper and an article series with a few supporting infographics, webinars, or a short video series.
Same information but expressed in different media formats
Modular Content Repurposing
Under the modular content repurposing, a series of distinct content pieces are created with the idea of extracting parts to create something fresh.
Extracting the best parts of the content pieces to create something new
A few examples of how you can extract parts from contents to create something new includes soliciting for tactics and tips from industry thought leaders through interviews and then consolidate them into a new article, inserting the most outstanding comment on your blog into the company newsletter and lastly, collating quotes into infographics or Slideshare decks.
Curating Own Content
Content curation can begin by searching for the most popular content through the internet or search traffic and social media analytics reports. You can expand on these content instead of using new and groundless content ideas.
Next, keyword research can be done for terms with the most relevance to your content and you can kick start by taking the high performing and converting pages and conduct a ranking audit. By conducting the audit, you will be able to gauge their position on the relevant search engine results pages (SERP) and the terms that contribute to the best rankings.
Finally, to have an impression of the relative informational needs that are not filled by your direct competitors or alternative content sources that are vying for the attention of your audience, evaluation of competitive opportunities can be done. This would ensure differentiation from your competitors by making the content shared, unique, and valuable.
Strategy of Content Repurposing
A strategy of content repurposing would be focusing 80% of your time creating evergreen content and 20% on trending content.
Evergreen content is content that would still be of relevance and use to the target audience in the long run and they can be split into other content types namely infographics, videos, memes, blogs, and more.
These content can then be republished and distributed across all Owned, Shared, Earned, and Paid (OSEP) Channels (Link to Principles of Content Marketing > Distribute Across OSEP channels).
Owned Media: Websites and Brochures
Shared Media: Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn
Earned Media: Fans Comments & Reviews, Press Release
Paid Media: Facebook Ads, Google Ads
Benefits of Content Repurposing
You've learned how to repurpose content but what exactly are the benefits of content repurposing?
First and foremost, not only is it easy to scale and extend the reach of a piece of content to new audiences across the Owned, Shared, Earned and Paid (OSEP) Channels, it also increases the lifespan of the content instead of having to scan for new content constantly.
Next, content repurposing also improves on the organic search visibility and increases backlinks and reduces overall production time while spreading out the cost.
Lastly, following the 'Marketing Rule of 7' where a consumer needs to "hear" about the brand at least 7 times before they will purchase the product or service, content repurposing benefits you by reinforcing your brand's awareness and message. (Link to Principles of Content Marketing > Clear ROI Attribution)
Case Studies: Crazy Rich Asians
Starting out as a bestselling novel by Kevin Kwan, the story about the lives of incredibly wealthy Chinese families was then adapted into a movie a few years later where a mix of both American- and British-Asian actors was cast to be a part of the blockbuster.
Leveraging on the popularity of Crazy Rich Asians, the audience's reactions to the film in various cities across the United States were featured in a Tweet Review Map Video as part of a campaign by DMM and Warner Bros. to show that the movie was the talk of the town. They also wanted to highlight the status of the movie in Rotten Tomatoes.
Screenshot of The Tweet Review Map Video by https://digitalmediamanagement.com/work/crazy-rich-asians/
As part of the collaboration between DMM and Warner Bros., the virality of the movie was intensified through a series of activities involving the cast like capturing live social content with them and posting the content live, producing a filmed Q&A session with the cast and getting them to interact with one another from thousands of miles away through an Instagram live.
You may have already incorporated these strategic approaches into your content marketing and even if you haven't, it's still not too late to experience the rewards that come with these approaches.
The "Hero, Hub, Hygiene" content marketing model may not guarantee success on its own, but do take note that you should still have a grasp of this approach to draw viewers and turn them into a community.
On the other hand, by providing exceptional value through the "Hub & Spoke Content" approach, you'll soon be attracting and converting visitors and then be rewarded with fans in the long run.
Finally, don't get too caught up in mulling over creating new content when you can use the "Create, Curate, and Repurpose" approach to repurpose all the great content that was already created.
Having covered the three strategic approaches to content marketing which each has its own individuality and merits, we hope that you now have a further understanding of each of the approaches.
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October 15, 2020 /0 Comments/by Tom Goh
https://www.equinetacademy.com/wp-content/uploads/cutting-paper-on-white-table-.png 806 1210 Tom Goh https://www.equinetacademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/EA-Logo-White.png Tom Goh2020-10-15 18:40:212021-01-05 12:45:15Strategic Approaches to Content Marketing
Tom Goh
Tom is a native Digital and Content Strategist with 20 years of experience across Tech,
Banking, and Digital Advertising and Media verticals. He is also the lead trainer for Equinet Academy's
Content Marketing Strategy and Advanced Content Marketing Strategy course. In his spare time, Tom is actively in the start-up scenes providing pro bono advice to budding entrepreneurs.
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Harvard Law Today
Professor Glendon examines the Court's use of foreign law
By HLS News Staff
The following op-ed by Professor Mary Ann Glendon, Judicial Tourism: What's wrong with the U.S. Supreme Court citing foreign law, originally appeared in The Wall Street Journal on September 16, 2005.
Professor Mary Ann Glendon
References to foreign law in Supreme Court opinions have become controversial. Nevertheless, it was startling when Sen. Tom Coburn suggested in the Roberts confirmation hearings that justices who cite foreign authority might deserve impeachment. At first glance, it is hard to see why these side-glances at what other countries do have provoked such alarm. True, the references have increased somewhat, but they remain rare, and no one suggests that the court has directly based any of its interpretations of the Constitution on foreign authority.
As the issue was framed recently in a debate between Justices Stephen Breyer and Antonin Scalia, it comes down to this: The former says that if a judge abroad has dealt with a similar problem, "Why don't I read what he says if it's similar enough? Maybe I'll learn something." Yet the latter would exclude such material as wholly without bearing on the meaning of the Constitution; and quite apart from originalism, the different political, constitutional, procedural and cultural contexts in other nations drastically limit its relevance. Justice Breyer counters that the experience of others "may nonetheless cast an empirical light on the consequences of different solutions to a common legal problem."
The Breyer view may sound sweetly reasonable; but when one looks at the cases where foreign law has figured prominently, it is evident that the practice is more problematic than proponents have let on. Earlier this year, in Roper v. Simmons, a 5-4 majority struck down the death penalty as it applied to persons over 15 and under 18. Justice Anthony Kennedy stated for the court that "the overwhelming weight of international opinion [is] against the juvenile death penalty," and that "the opinion of the world community, while "not controlling our outcome, does provide respected and significant confirmation for our own conclusions." In its effort to delegitimate state laws in question, the Roper majority, including Justice Breyer, not only reached out to "international opinion," but selectively cited various social science materials.
There is, of course, no such thing as a "world community." As Eleanor Roosevelt and her fellow drafters of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights well understood, universal rights are premised on the acceptance of a legitimate pluralism in forms of freedom. Human rights become real only when brought to life in concrete cultural settings. In our system, rights are protected not only by courts, but by the structure of our government–designed to give us citizens a say in the kind of society we wish to bring into being, limited only by constitutional text and tradition. But neither our design for government nor our model of judicial review has been widely copied. "International opinion" usually means the opinions of likeminded judges, academics and journalists who wish to use the courts to impose their vision of the good society.
In Roper, the absence of an American consensus on the death penalty prompted Justice Sandra Day O'Connor to dissent. Though not averse to consulting foreign law, she could "assign no such confirmatory role to the international consensus described by the Court." The majority had simply substituted its own "independent moral judgment" for the judgments of many state legislatures that juries are capable of determining whether the youth of a murderer should be taken into account in the penalty phase.
The problem is not reference to foreign law: It is how foreign law is used by judges who usurp powers reserved under the Constitution to the people and their elected representatives, and whose desire to "learn" is limited to finding arguments in support of conclusions that have little constitutional warrant. The learning process of the foreign law enthusiasts, moreover, is selective. They have shown no disposition to explore why most democracies take a different view from theirs on exclusion of illegally obtained evidence, regulation of abortion or separation of church and state. With reason, Justice Scalia accuses them of "looking over the heads of the crowd and picking out their friends."
What has been overlooked in these debates is the crucial difference between the legitimate use of foreign material as mere empirical evidence that legislation has a rational basis, and its use to buttress the court's own decision to override legislation. Take Lawrence v. Texas, the decision striking down criminal penalties for homosexual sodomy, where Justice Kennedy, joined by Justice Breyer, wrote, "The right petitioners seek . . . has been accepted as an integral part of human freedom in many other countries. There has been no showing that in this country the governmental interest in circumscribing personal choice is somehow more legitimate or urgent." The remarkable implication is that it is up to our legislatures to justify a different view of human rights from that accepted elsewhere. This gives short shrift to the fundamental right of Americans to have a say in setting the conditions under which they live–the right that is at the very heart of our unique democratic experiment. Contrast the responsible use made of foreign law by Chief Justice William Rehnquist in Washington v. Glucksberg, to support Washington state's legislative prohibition of assisted suicide in an opinion noting that in "almost every state–indeed, in almost every western democracy–it is a crime to assist a suicide."
The importance of the distinction between these two modes of use cannot be exaggerated. It is not only a question of respecting the separation of powers. Those who believe the Washington legislature got it wrong can work to change the law through the ordinary democratic processes of persuasion and voting. But in the U.S., unlike in countries whose constitutions are easier to amend, the court's constitutional mistakes are exceedingly hard to correct. The unhealthy ripple effects of judicial adventurism are many: Legislatures are encouraged to punt controversial issues into the courts; political energy, lacking more constructive outlets, flows into litigation and the judicial selection process.
Few judges have understood the distinction between legitimate and problematic uses of secondary authorities so well as the late Henry Friendly, one of the most respected judges never to sit on the Supreme Court. In the 1970s, when judicial citation of social science materials was being hotly debated, Judge Friendly defended their use, but cautioned that when judges use social science or foreign material to substitute their own judgment for that of the legislature, their legitimacy is at its lowest ebb. For all who hope the next Supreme Court justice will possess interpretive skill and respect toward authoritative sources of law, it is an encouraging sign that John Roberts received his first lessons in judging as law clerk to Henry Friendly.
Ms. Glendon is Learned Hand Professor of Law at Harvard Law School.


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External Reviewers
Independence in opposition to the "Russian world": a philosophical and pedagogical dimension
Volodymyr Volkovskyi Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy, NAS of Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4674-3956
https://doi.org/10.31874/2309-1606-2021-27-1-4
independence of Ukraine, nation-building, Nationalism Studies, Postcolonial Studies, political philosophy, national idea, national identity, civil religion, civic education
In the article, the author analyzes some political and philosophical dimensions and perspectives that become relevant on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of Ukraine's Independence. The author, positioning himself within the political philosophy and philosophy of history, points out several fundamental points relevant to the identity and positioning of Ukrainian society on "eternal issues of Ukrainian society", such as discussions on the national idea, national identity, its historical and spatial perspective. The author's presentation is divided into four points: the century-old perspective of the Ukrainian struggle for independence, definition of the current Ukrainian situation in the context of nation-building and confrontation with Russia, the theoretical dimension of "national idea" and "civil religion", practical conclusions about the Ukrainian kind of these concepts. The author relies on the methodology of modern Nationalism Studies, Postcolonial Studies, the experience of Ukrainian studies, especially in the era of Ukrainian modernity (XIX-XX centuries). He postulates that the thirtieth anniversary of Ukrainian independence is inextricably linked with the century of liberation struggles of the Ukrainian nation, that the situation in Ukraine, in particular in the context of defining national identity and confrontation with Russia, can be correctly described as a confrontation between independentists of a modern emerging nation and the colonial empire, which fights for regaining its power over the former colony-province, relies on its numerous loyalists and uses various methods of aggression (both "cold" cultural war and "hot" military confrontation) to subdue the region. The author offers his view on the concept of "Ukrainian national idea", based on the basic literary sources of the history of Ukrainian nation-building. Based on the research, the author offers certain practical conclusions important for teaching history, law, civic education and for the education of a responsible citizen in Ukraine.
Volodymyr Volkovskyi, Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy, NAS of Ukraine
Ph.D., Researcher of the Department of History of Philosophy of Ukraine; Master of Philosophy of Drahomanov National Pedagogical University, teacher of social sciences and humanities
Anderson, B. (2001). Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism / transl. from English by V.Morozov. Кyiv: Critique. [In Ukrainian].
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Volkovskyi, V. P. (2017). Idea of Sociality: Political Philosophy in 19th century Ukraine. Кyiv: Publishing House «Academperiodika». [In Ukrainian].
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Abstract views: 228
Volkovskyi, V. (2021). Independence in opposition to the "Russian world": a philosophical and pedagogical dimension. Filosofiya Osvity. Philosophy of Education, 27(1), 57–79. https://doi.org/10.31874/2309-1606-2021-27-1-4
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