text:
National Guard of Mexico
Guardia Nacional
Seal of the National Guard
Preceding agency
Federal Police
Jurisdictional structure
National agency
Operations jurisdiction
Secretariat of Security and Civil Protection
Secretariat of National Defense
Constituting instrument
Law of the National Guard, 2019
Civilian police
Operational structure
Agency executive
Luis Rodríguez Bucio, Commander
The National Guard (Spanish: Guardia Nacional) is the Mexican national gendarmerie force, created in 2019 with national police functions.[1] The National Guard was formed by absorbing units and officers from the Federal Police, Military Police, and Naval Police.[1][2] A reform package approved in the Mexican Congress has made the transfer of the National Guard to the direct command of the Mexican Army official.[3]
Members of the National Guard
The National Guard was launched by President Andrés Manuel López Obrador in 2019. It has since played a major part in intensifying the enforcement of immigration policy.[4] Before becoming president, López Obrador campaigned on a promise to take the military off the streets.[2] Shortly after assuming office, he released a plan to create the National Guard under control of the Mexican Armed Forces which would be in charge of "preventing and combating crime".[2][5] López Obrador stated that the new National Guard would be critical to solving Mexico's ongoing security crisis.[1][6]
On 28 February, Congress voted to approve a 60,000-member national guard.[6] On 27 May 2019, the law regulating the National Guard entered into force.[7] On 30 June 2019, the National Guard was officially established.[8][9]
In June 2019, as part of a deal the United States, Mexico agreed to deploy the newly formed National Guard to its border with Guatemala.[10][11] While the guard was always intended to enforce immigration policy, it was not intended to do so as soon as announced.[10][11]
A 2019 survey sponsored by The Washington Post and Mexican newspaper Reforma gathered information on public opinion regarding both the new National Guard and illegal immigration to Mexico.[4] The survey was conducted from 9 July to 14 July 2019, among 1,200 adults across the country in 100 election districts by way of face-to-face interviews.[4] A 53% majority voiced their trust in the national guard, with two-thirds saying that they would like the national guard to be in their city, whereas 45% report that they feel more safe with the domestic force.[4] Furthermore, the survey said 51% of Mexicans support utilizing the country's recently formed National Guard to repel migration by illegal immigrants.[4]
Command structure
The law assigns full control of the National Guard to the Secretary of Security and Civilian Protection, who is in charge of all matters related to the work of the NG.[9]
According to article 12 of the Law of the National Guard, the National Guard is organized on five command levels:[12]
Secretary of Security and Civilian Protection
Operational Commander
Territorial Coordinator
State Coordinator
Unit Coordinator
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
According to article 29 of the Law of the National Guard, the ranks are:
Commissioned officers
Rank group
General/flag officers
Field/senior officers
Junior officers
Commissioners General
Mexican National Guard
Comisario General Comisario Jefe Comisario Inspector General Inspector Jefe Inspector Subinspector Primero Subinspector Segundo Oficial Suboficial
Basic scale ladder
Senior NCOs
Junior NCOs
Agente Mayor Agente Subagente Guardia Nacional
Fourth Transformation
Federal Police (Mexico)
Illegal immigration to Mexico
^ a b c "A Look At Mexico's New National Guard". NPR.org. 13 July 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
^ a b c Sieff, Kevin; Sheridan, Mary Beth (10 June 2019). "Mexico is sending its new national guard to the Guatemala border. The mission is unclear". The Washington Post. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
^ "Pase de la Guardia Nacional a la Sedena es oficial: AMLO publica decreto en el DOF". El Financiero (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 September 2022.
^ a b c d e Clement, Scott; Sieff, Kevin (17 July 2019). "Unauthorized Immigrants Face Public Backlash in Mexico, Survey". The Washington Post. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
^ "Plan Nacional de Paz y Seguridad" (PDF). transicion.mx (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 July 2019.
^ a b Semple, Kirk; Villegas, Paulina (28 February 2019). "Mexico Approves 60,000-Strong National Guard. Critics Call It More of the Same". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
^ "Ley de la Guardia Nacional". Ley of 2019 (PDF) (in Spanish).
^ "Acuerdo por el que se establecen los elementos de la Policía Federal, de la Policía Militar y de la Policía Naval que integrarán la Guardia Nacional.". Acuerdo of 2019 (in Spanish).
^ a b Correa, Catalina Pérez (8 August 2019). "México necesita una Guardia Nacional realmente civil". The New York Times (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 August 2019.
^ a b "Mexico Scrambles To Establish National Guard After Promising To Tighten Border". NPR.org. 10 June 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
^ a b Semple, Kirk (14 June 2019). "Mexico's National Guard, a 'Work in Progress,' Deployed to Curb Migration". The New York Times. Mexico City. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
^ "LEY DE LA GUARDIA NACIONAL" (PDF) (in Spanish). 27 May 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
Military of Mexico
Federal law enforcement agencies of Mexico


^ 7.0 7.1 姚润丰、李柯勇、于文静. 新华视点:全球变暖 为何我国爆发罕见雪灾?. 新华网. 2008年1月29日 [2008-02-01].
^ 大公网. 拉尼娜事件是此次雪災罪魁禍首. 2008年2月1日 [2008-02-01]. (原始内容存档于2008年2月28日).
^ 中国气象局中央气象台. 近期我国大范围低温雨雪冰冻天气概况及影响. 2008年2月1日 [2008-02-01]. (原始内容存档于2008年2月3日).
^ 京珠高速公路因結冰中斷. 明報. 2008-01-26. (原始内容存档于2008-01-28).
^ 11省份遭雪灾菜价上涨 个别品种涨价1倍左右. CCTV. 2008-01-31.
^ 股市遭遇"雪灾" 超过90%个股下跌. 腾讯网. 2008-01-29.
^ 新華社. China red cross donations reach 60 mln yuan. Xinuanet.com. 2008-02-06.
^ 新華社. Mongolia offers aid to China to fight snow disaster. Xinhuanet.com. 2008-02-06.
^ 新華社. Singapore, U.S. pledge emergency aid to Chinese snow-ravaged regions. Xinhuanet.com. 2008-02-04.
^ 新華社. More countries, int'l organizations express sympathy to China over snow havoc. Xinhuanet.com. 2008-02-05.
^ cnbeta.com. 美国政府向我国受灾地区提供紧急援助15万美元. cnbeta.com. 2008-02-05.
^ 中国新闻网. 马来西亚拨100万元助中国雪灾灾民. www.chinanews.com. 2008-02-08.
^ 兩岸國際 - 上海旅客哭訴:我們要回家。. 香港蘋果日報. 2008年1月30日 [2008年2月1日]. (原始内容存档于2008年2月10日).
^ 中国雪灾启示录. 德國之聲网站. 2008-02-04 [2008-02-04] (中文(繁體)).
^ 寒冷天氣警告. Weather Underground Forum. 2008-02-15 [2008-02-15]. (原始内容存档于2008-02-27).


Castelli diaries and notebooks: delivered just-in-time!
Founded in 1975, Cités Unies France allows the cooperation of local self-governments in France at an international level. The organization assists communities to develop their international activities. A 4D-based application manages contacts in working groups, manages emails, performs complex searches to aid in Cités Unies France's cooperative initiatives.
The City of Dallas, Texas, Water Utilities (DWU) uses XC2 "FOG" Software, built with 4D, to manage their proactive and very successful grease abatement program, "Cease the Grease". "FOG" stands for "Fats, Oil and Grease", materials that can cause sanitary sewer overflows (SSOs). SSOs can result in property damage, strong odors, and environmental, health and safety problems.
The city of Oullins, France, located near Lyon, has over 26,000 inhabitants. Seven of its council services produce or use images for administrative and legal affairs, cleaning, technical services, communications, record-keeping, printing, and parks. 4D-based Ajaris published by Orkis is employed to distribute multimedia content and manage its image archive.
For COME Media AG, C.A.O.S. is their way out of chaos. Since 1988, the specialist for cross-media services has been using an in-house 4D solution called C.A.O.S. which stands for 'Communication Agency Organization Software'. The application's main function is job development and control, connecting its interface to DATEV, the German tax-administration bookkeeping system.
The CPCN was established in 1995 to provide 24/7 home medical palliative care by a group of independent family physicians, and it quickly became apparent that an electronic medical records (EMR) database was absolutely critical to maintain an effective, secure, and coordinated care provider network. CPCN turned to Day2Day Solutions and 4D – and has never looked back.
The General Council of Indre et Loire helps manage the activity of nearly 280 town halls and almost 590,000 inhabitants. It uses MaqLabo, a 4D-based application used in its departmental laboratory. The MaqLabo software provides many opportunities and many tracking features for users and management teams alike.
The General Council of Charente helps to manage the activity of around 400 town halls, 25 joint local authority groups and almost 350,000 inhabitants. It uses MaqLabo, a 4D-based application in a few departments like the laboratory.


As it turned out, the nozzle of halva caught a lot of fish, mostly peaceful. Actively peck: a carp, a crucian, plotnicki. You can also catch Krasnoperov, hasterok, bream with skimmers.
Anyone who has ever dealt with this dessert, he knows that it is very painted. But you can make a very effective head mixing the paste with other ingredients. Of course, every fisherman has his own recipe. Next, we will cite only a few of them.
A piece of bread or the dough of average consistency.
The sweetness of the mash into small pieces. You can even RUB it on a grater. You should get weight, like cake, that is very crumbly. Now left indentation of the obtained cake in the bread.
If you are going to catch on the feeder, then to the obtained composition, add the wool. It will give the ground firmness. Make from a mixture of balls, and see them safely on the hook.
You can mix the paste with the semolina. To do this in a jar put mashed sweetness and semolina in equal proportions, then fill up with water. Water you need to pour a couple of spoons, because during heat treatment the paste will bleed oil. Next, prepare the composition in a water bath, or put it in the microwave.
To test the readiness of composition is very easy – it will be such a mess, and the consistency is sticky and thick. When the mixture is slightly cooled, you need to lay it on a cutting Board, add the semolina and then knead well. The greater the amount of semolina added, the more viscous composition.
If you chose as the tackle the float rod, the nozzle of the paste need to do soft. Stick on the hook need a small pea, while sting has to be hidden inside the bait. When you are hooking the fish, the tip of the hook will easily penetrate the ball, and will jump into the mouth of a fish.
When fishing the feeder or the ground need to form a more solid pellets. If you catch carp you can of halva balls to use hair installation.
Keep the attachment preferably in a dark place and safeguard it from direct sunlight, otherwise the product will quickly become worthless.


The consultation is often skipped over these days, but is almost as important as the session itself. During the in-person consultation we will sit down together here at the studio and discuss what is important to you in your portraits. who will be in the pictures, why you're doing them now, your previous experiences with photographers, and what you plan on doing with your portraits after we're done.
Keep in mind that if you're just looking for a CD to print at the local drug store, that is simply not us. If your're looking for "good enough" then we are overkill.
Planning for the session is the key to getting images you'll love and cherish forever. Together we will create a vision for your portraits, tailored to your personality. Each person, family, child and high school senior is special in their own way. Discussing what your looking to get out of your portrait session will give us a unique understanding on both sides of the camera.
We'll discuss everything from whether an indoor or outdoor session is best for you, wardrobe do's and don'ts, time frames & locations, down to the details such as when to get a hair cut and what foundation works best in pictures.
This is also when we will discuss pricing and products that are available. With my "create-a-package" system you'll never have to purchase images you don't want. This gives you the best value and variety as it is custom tailored for you, by you.
Your session is not left to chance. It is carefully planned and designed to meet your end goal.


How many flags or banners are allowed to be displayed in front of a business?
A business may display three (3) flags of these two sizes, (5x5 or 4x8). One banner measuring 32 square feet. A banner must obtain a banner permit in the amount of ten ($10.00) dollars through the Building Department.
Is my neighbor's grass too high?
A violation occurs once grass exceeds twelve (12) inches in height on improved lots or eighteen (18) inches on unimproved lots.
What can be done about my neighbor parking their vehicle and watercraft near the street?
Parking in the right-of-way is not prohibited unless posted with a sign from the applicable governmental agency or the vehicle is positioned such that public safety is compromised.
Is it a violation for my neighbor to store assorted materials outside of their home?
It is a violation to accumulate rubbish, trash, junk, or other abandoned materials, metal, lumber or things outside of a home.
What can be done about my neighbor's overflowing trash can?
Property owners are required to keep their properties free of litter and may only leave their trash can at the street on the day of the service.
Where can I place my trash can for pick-up if I live along Front Beach Road or Oleander Drive?
If you live along these two streets your trash containers are no longer permitted to be visible to pedestrians standing within the right-of-way. Please click here to view Ordinance 1316 pertaining to the proper placement location of trash containers along these two streets.
What can I do about my neighbor's tree limb(s) hanging over my fence?
There are no regulations restricting the spread of trees over property lines. Such matters usually must be addressed between the affected neighbors.
Does my home, condo unit, or business require turtle lighting?
If your home, condominium unit, or business is located south of Front Beach Road it requires turtle lighting fixtures. Please go to www.MYFWC.com for more information.
Can my neighbor have an old vehicle stored in their driveway?
Vehicles and any other machinery that remains outside must be in good, safe, and usable condition. Vehicles must have a current tag on the vehicle.


Facing door, wrap the ankle strap securely around R toe, and get down on all fours.
Keep your abs tight, inhale and drive R knee in towards chest.
Exhale and fully extend R leg back so that it's parallel to the ground.
Tip: Be sure to keep your core engaged throughout the entire movement.
Wrap the ankle strap securely around R ankle. Attach both ends of desired band combination to strap.
Facing door, step away until slight tension is felt in band(s).
Begin with a deep breath – exhale and press R heel back and up with a straight leg.
Lean back slightly to engage core.
Lift and lower R leg as high as possible – pressing L hip into mat. Do not allow heel to touch mat between repetitions.


Cake, a Swedish company focused on developing light, electric motorbikes, has revealed its first-ever street-legal machine called the Kalk& (and). It debuted at the Outdoor Retailer Show in Denver, a fitting location considering Cake's downhill and enduro mountain bike influences.
This is just an introductory launch however. The full sales launch with final sales price, complete specs and estimated availability will be in March of this year.
We do know that the Kalk& (and) is a close sibling of the Kalk OR, which was released in January 2018. The OR model is an off-road bike with a 51.8-volt, 2.6-kWh battery, Öhlins suspension front and rear, aluminum frame, three ride modes, carbon-fiber body elements, and a 2.5-hour charge time to full in a standard outlet.
The Kalk& (and) looks extremely similar to the Kalk OR, but Cake stresses that the components of the new street-legal version were "developed from scratch to support the category." That includes changes to the chassis, suspension, drive train, wheels, and tires among other elements. It also carries a faster top speed, providing a claimed 100 kph (62 mph). The Kalk OR only reaches an estimated 46 mph, for reference.
It's a really interesting idea and the clean, minimalist look of the thing is appealing too. For riders who don't want a fully fledged motorcycle, preferring something lightweight to tool around town with, this will be perfect.
While we don't know the final price yet, we do know that interested customers can lay down $200 to reserve a preorder unit. We don't expect the remaining balance to be cheap however, since the Kalk OR prices at $13,000.


text:
What Is Taro?
How Does Taro Work?
How Taro Assets Will Be Issued and Transferred
When Will Taro Be Usable?
Taro at River
Taro is a proposed protocol that will allow the issuance of digital assets on the Bitcoin blockchain.
Taro assets can be fungible currencies such as stablecoins, or non-fungible, unique tokens such as NFTs or collectibles.
Taro assets can be transferred over the Bitcoin network, or instantly, at low cost and more privately over the Lightning Network.
Taro is heralded as a new protocol that will bring assets to Bitcoin in a scalable way and enable new use cases. It has the potential to transform Bitcoin into a multi-asset network, on which users can have instant, global, and final settlement for low fees, with the stability of their preferred currency.
Taro could turn the entire global foreign exchange market into a protocol that can be run by any Lightning node in the world.
What exactly is Taro? How does it work? And when can users expect to see it live on the Bitcoin and Lightning network?
Taro (Taproot Asset Representation Overlay) is a proposed protocol that will allow people to issue digital assets on the Bitcoin blockchain. These digital assets can be fungible currencies such as stablecoins, or non-fungible, unique tokens such as NFTs or collectibles. Today such assets largely reside on other blockchains due to easier implementation, lower transaction costs, or higher scalability, but Taro could shift this balance.
Taro assets can be transferred over the Bitcoin network through an on-chain transaction. Additionally, fungible Taro assets can also be transferred instantly, at low cost, and more privately over the Lightning Network when deposited into a channel. The latter is expected to be the main network for Taro asset transfers, due to the overwhelming practical advantages.
If adopted, Taro could increase the activity and use cases of both networks without requiring a change in the user experience. Taro would increase Bitcoin's network effects and thus also benefit users who are not interested in additional assets beyond bitcoin.
The first proposal for Taro was announced by Lightning Labs in April 2022. It is not the first project that attempts to enable different assets on top of Bitcoin, but it is the first to make use of Bitcoin's Taproot upgrade to make the implementation more elegant and scalable. Another project attempting to achieve similar goals is the RGB protocol.
Before diving into how Taro works on a technical level, it is useful to take a moment to think about what properties are desirable in a system that allows you to transfer (non-)fungible assets:
The ability to use any type of asset on the same network.
Cheap asset transfers that work 24/7.
Assets that are not controlled by a centralized entity.
An easily auditable supply.
A very high degree of security, both for the individual asset as well as the network it is transferred on.
User-controlled privacy.
Global accessibility for everyone.
Below we look into what technologies the Taro protocol uses to address these desired properties.
Taro Uses the Bitcoin Network
Taro assets are registered on the Bitcoin blockchain in the form of hashed metadata attached to a transaction. Storing all of the metadata directly on the blockchain would take up more space and would thus be more expensive. This cost is avoided by using a hash, a one-way transformation of data which cannot be forged and is easy to verify.
Since there is no limitation to the amount of data that can be represented by a hash, one transaction on the blockchain can represent millions of transactions. This holds true for Taro asset transfers as well, and will be elaborated upon further in the Merkle tree section.
A transaction containing a Taro asset can be transferred over the Bitcoin network like any other Bitcoin transaction. Given Bitcoin's 99.98% uptime since its inception in 2009, and no downtime since 2013, it is an exceptionally reliable network to transfer assets, which gives Taro users a high degree of certainty that their assets are always safe and transferable. The Bitcoin network also ensures that a Taro asset cannot be double spent, just like bitcoin itself.
Taro Uses the Lightning Network
Taro uses the Lightning Network for fungible Taro assets (such as stablecoins) to achieve higher transaction speeds, better scalability and lower fees than if it were to only use the Bitcoin base layer. This is similar to how transferring bitcoin itself is faster, cheaper, and more scalable over the Lightning Network.
Non-fungible Taro assets (such as NFTs) would not work on the Lightning Network, as these cannot be split up and get partially transferred across a Lightning channel.
It is important for Taro to be compatible with the Lightning Network for fungible assets, as Bitcoin itself cannot scale to billions of users on the base layer. Bitcoin's base layer has a built-in limitation in transaction throughput that ensures the network can be joined by nodes on average computers. This ensures the network remains decentralized. If each Taro asset transfer would require an individual on-chain transaction, there would in turn be major limitations to the scalability of Taro.
With the proposed implementation of Taro, the Lightning Network itself would not need to be changed. To route a payment denominated in a Taro asset, only the participants in the first and last payment channels would need to be aware of the Taro asset transfer. For any routing nodes in between, the transfer would look like any lightning transfer as they would be moving bitcoin.
Taro assets would most frequently be exchanged for other assets at the edges of the network, similar to how in the traditional financial world, not everyone engages in asset swaps. They are mostly facilitated by specialized services such as foreign exchange offices.
Taro Introduces Brokerage on the Lightning Network
The fact that only senders and receivers of the first and last hop would need to be aware of the existence of the asset is a major game-changer for anyone looking to issue new assets.
Before Taro, when a new asset is created, a marketplace must be found to list it, and enough users need to be interested in exchanging the asset on that specific marketplace.
If Taro is released, this marketplace can be entirely decentralized and many nodes in the Lightning Network may choose to operate as a brokerage, taking in one form of asset and exchanging it for another as a market maker. When a user is looking to exchange a Taro asset, their wallet may simply find the fastest and cheapest place near them in the network to exchange it, for the best possible price.
With Taro, even an asset with only a handful of interested users would benefit from the Lightning Network's liquidity and network effects, just as an asset with millions of users would.
Taro Uses Taproot
Taproot is an upgrade made to Bitcoin in 2021. It allows users to create spending conditions for a transaction output (UTXO) in such a way that only the condition that is actually met is revealed on-chain to all observers. This makes a Taproot transaction look similar to any regular bitcoin transaction, which is great for privacy, and ensures that nodes don't even need to know that Taro exists.
The conditions that are created to send a Taproot transaction are organized in a tree structure called a Taproot script tree. This structure minimizes the amount of data needed to validate the transaction, which reduces the burden on nodes. The tree also ensures that observers can't tell if there were other conditions to spend this transaction, as only the hash of the tree is included in the transaction output.
Taro uses Taproot to embed asset metadata into a transaction output, and to set specific rules on how to interact with and validate this new asset data. Because the root hash of the Taro asset script is all that is included in the Taproot transaction, no observer can tell if it was a Taro transaction, as the hash could represent anything.
The use of Taproot makes Taro quite different from asset solutions built on other blockchains. In many cases these blockchains use account models rather than UTXOs, which means information about balances is usually revealed.
Taro Uses Merkle Trees
A Merkle tree is a structure that can store a lot of data, while making it easy to prove that specific data exists in the tree. It is also easy to verify if data in the tree has been tampered with, and exactly where the changes happened.
If you're not familiar with Merkle trees yet, we recommend to read up on them quickly to understand the next part.
Taro uses a specific variant of a Merkle tree, called a Merkle-Sum Sparse Merkle tree (MS-SMT). This is a combination of a Merkle Sum tree and a Sparse Merkle tree.
A Merkle-Sum tree is used to make it efficient to verify that there is no change in the value or distribution of the leaves of a Merkle tree, by assigning a numeric value to each leaf. If Taro assets are stored in a Merkle tree, then a Merkle Sum tree makes it much quicker to verify that the assets still add up to the same amount and are in the same places as before.
A Sparse Merkle tree is used to make it efficient to verify if any data is not in the tree. In this particular Merkle tree, all of the leaves are indexed. If a Taro asset transfer is done, the specific leaf where the asset used to be becomes empty, which makes it possible to prove that a Taro asset was transferred or it would still be in this position.
Combining all of the above properties, a Merkle-Sum Sparse Merkle tree has the following properties:
Scalable for a high number of assets.
Allows a user to prove a certain asset is stored in a Merkle tree, of which the root is metadata in a bitcoin transaction.
Tamper-resistant or the Merkle Root would change.
An easily auditable supply without having to reveal all the information.
Makes it possible to split and merge fungible Taro assets, as long as they continue to add up to the total supply.
Allows a user to prove a certain asset is no longer stored in a Merkle tree and has been transferred. This is also called proof of non-membership.
Taro assets can be transferred over the Bitcoin blockchain or the Lightning Network. For a user, there will be little practical difference besides additional assets being displayed in their wallet, and an off-chain place to store data that proves the Taro asset is authentic.
On a technical level, Taro asset transfers are more complicated, as can be identified by the usage of asset scripts, Taproot and Merkle-Sum Sparse Merkle trees.
Beyond those technical components that construct a Taro asset transaction, there is also a difference between how non-fungible assets such as NFTs or collectibles are transferred, and how this works for fungible assets such as stablecoins.
NFTs on Taro
Non-fungible assets are issued in a single, limited edition batch in an on-chain transaction. These assets cannot be split or merged, they can only change ownership, which will happen off-chain by transferring the unique identifier of the asset and its verification file of historical transaction data that proves the authenticity. This information is stored in Taro Asset Universes, which fulfill a similar role to a block explorer, and can be run by anyone with an interest in the assets.
The new owner of a Taro asset can examine the data in a Taro Asset Universe and use it to reconstruct the metadata in the blockchain to verify their ownership. They can also amend the metadata with their own proofs before passing on the asset.
Stablecoins on Taro
A fungible asset on Taro such as a stablecoin can be split and merged. This means that if a user has an asset, it can change ownership inside an existing group of users that all have assets within that same Merkle tree, or the assets could be transferred to a user in a different Merkle tree. An updated version of the Merkle tree would simply show that the total supply of the asset hasn't changed, but the balances of the different owners have updated.
Transfer a Taro Asset, Transfer its Rules
We previously mentioned in the Taproot section that Taro assets have specific rules on how to interact with them and validate them. These rules are stored in the asset script, a set of rules created by a developer that define how this specific asset can be transferred. This asset script becomes part of the Merkle-Sum Sparse Merkle tree.
The knowledge of how to handle Taro assets needs to be transferred to the new owner, so that this person knows how to transfer the asset after receiving it and can prove to the next owner that they have this knowledge. To make this possible, Taro will use an address format based on bech32 that will include the asset script hash. The owner can then prove that they have the knowledge on how to spend this Taro asset, by providing the next owner with the asset script, who can hash it to verify that it matches the asset script hash that is attached.
The first version of the Taro daemon has been released as of 28 September 2022. Developers can now mint, send and receive Taro assets on the test network of the Bitcoin blockchain.
These are still early stages for Taro, and more enhanced features will be added to the Taro daemon over the next months, including the previously mentioned Taro asset universes.
Once this stage is complete, the Taro protocol will be integrated into the Lightning implementation lnd, which will bring Taro to the Lightning Network as well.
There is still a ways to go until Taro will be usable by the average user. During this period any issues or feedback can be processed and implemented.
We've seen a similar process for the Lightning Network itself, which was first proposed in early 2016, became usable in 2018 for users willing to accept the risks of novel software, and has been rapidly growing and maturing since. We expect the rollout of Taro to follow a similar path, but perhaps accelerated given that no new network needs to be created.
At River, we are invested in the success of the Lightning Network. We've been operating Lightning nodes since 2019 and have grown into some of the biggest nodes in the network by capacity. With our team of dedicated Lightning developers, we're eager to support and adopt cutting edge technology like Taro once it is ready.
If you're interested in transacting on Lightning through River, you can sign up for a River account. To stay up-to-date on our latest research, subscribe to our newsletter.
Cryptography is a field of math which encompasses a variety of different methods for maintaining digital security and privacy. Bitcoin uses cryptography in several ways to ensure its security.
Merkle-Sum Tree
A Merkle-Sum tree is a type of Merkle tree that makes it efficient to verify that there is no change in the cumulative value or distribution of the leaves of a Merkle tree.
Sparse Merkle Tree
A Sparse Merkle Tree is a data structure that makes it efficient to prove that specific data doesn't exist within a given Merkle Tree
Taro Asset Universe
A Taro Asset Universe is a service that provides information about assets, as well as proofs for asset holders.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
PHOTO: © BUZZMEDIA.EU / Shutterstock.com
Two dead in Burnett Highway crash
September 9, 2018 9:48 am in National by Jaydan Duck
TWO men have died after the car they were driving collided with a 4WD on the Burnett Highway in Queensland.
The vehicles came to grief on the highway roughly seven kilometres south of Gayndah about 10pm last night.
Sadly, two men from the sedan sustained life-threatening injuries and were pronounced dead at the scene.
The male and female occupants in the four wheel drive escaped with non -life-threatening injuries.
Forensic Crash Unit is investigating the circumstances surrounding the collision.
If you have information for Police, please contact Policelink on 131 444 or provide information using their online form 24 hours per day.
You can also report information about crime anonymously to Crime Stoppers by calling 1800 333 000 or via crimestoppersqld.com.au 24 hours per day. Crime Stoppers is a registered charity and community volunteer organisation.
http://www.mygc.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Police.jpg 321 845 Jaydan Duck http://www.mygc.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/mygc-logo.png Jaydan Duck2018-09-09 09:48:502018-09-09 09:48:50Two dead in Burnett Highway crash
Jaydan Duck
Jaydan is a Digital News Producer at myGC.com.au. He was appointed Managing Editor of the Junee Southern Cross newspaper at the age of 17 and has since held positions in a number of newsrooms in New South Wales and Queensland. Jaydan joined the Hot Tomato Broadcasting Company in 2013 and has been keeping the Gold Coast up to date with the latest local, national and international news online at myGC.com.au ever since. With almost ten years' experience in both print and digital media Jaydan is committed to providing the best coverage during major news and weather events.
JACKPOT! Three lucky Aussies wake $36 million richer
Possible clue in search for missing backpacker from Byron
REVEALED: The first Big W stores set to close
Mazda recalls 18,000 cars over possible engine issue
Boy killed, another injured in farm tragedy Man stabbed 'multiple times' in home invasion


With its soaring mountains and wild coastline, the alpine Southern Lakes is one of the most diverse and beautiful regions in New Zealand. Our Queenstown tours captivate with majestic scenery, changing seasons and charming regional culture.
This place has it all. From the dramatic landscapes of Fiordland to the rugged mountains and picturesque lakeside town of Queenstown. This popular four-season lake and alpine resort offers activities galore, from bungy jumping to wine trails, jet boating to trekking, dining out to skiing. The hard part is fitting it all in.
Our Queenstown holidays also offer the chance to explore the snow-capped mountain ranges and crystal clear lakes of the surrounding Otago region. Discover Lake Wanaka in the north, an inspiring place of tranquility and beauty. It's also the gateway to Mount Aspiring National Park, where you can really get away from the crowds and into the wilderness.
Our expert guides can help you to discover the wild beauty of this region of New Zealand, especially the stunning landscapes of Fiordland. Explore untamed waterfalls that tumble hundreds of metres into virgin forested valleys. Rise early to see the fiords greet the sun with enchanted birdsong, and explore stretches of clear blue lake that shimmer in the pure air. It's all surrounded by a mantle of vivid green rainforest and towering granite peaks.


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Tucson Roadrunners Road Ahead: Abbotsford Is Arriving
November 23, 2021 - American Hockey League (AHL) - Tucson Roadrunners News Release
Upcoming Games (All times MST)
Friday, November 26: Abbotsford at Tucson, 7:00 p.m.
Saturday, November 27: Abbotsford at Tucson, 7:00 p.m.
Who's On The Schedule
The Roadrunners will head home and host the Abbotsford Canucks for the first time in franchise history for a pair of games Friday and Saturday night at the Tucson Arena. Both games will face-off at 7:00 p.m. MST. The Canucks are currently 4-4-2-1, with a +1 goal differential. They'll enter the series on a two-game point streak (1-0-0-1). Tucson will look to start the all-time series with Abbotsford off with a pair of wins, before the Roadrunners travel to Abbotsford December 22 and 23. The special food item for the weekend with the Canucks will be Arizona-Style Poutine.
Kachinas Coming Back
The Roadrunners fan-favorite Kachina jerseys, which debuted in 2019, will be back at the Tucson Arena for the pair of games this weekend, when the Roadrunners host the Abbotsford Canucks for the first time in franchise history. The weekend will be full of festivities, with a cowbell giveaway to the first 1,000 fans Friday night. Fans can purchase a discounted ticket which includes a free Kachina hat for either game.
Toys For Tucson
The Roadrunners will be hosting a Toy Drive for Diamond Children's Medical Center at each of their games this weekend. As a thanks for each toy donated, fans get receive a free ticket voucher for Tucson's December 14 or 15 games against the Henderson Silver Knights next month.
Serving Tucson This Thanksgiving
The Roadrunners are teaming with their fans, corporate partners and the Boys and Girls Clubs of Tucson to provide Thanksgiving Dinners to local families in Southern Arizona. All families will receive items to prepare Thanksgiving Dinners, tickets to the Roadrunners game on Friday, November 26 and four Roadrunners Kachina hats. Roadrunners fans who donate $100 towards the team's holiday meal efforts will receive a Kachina puck signed by goaltender Ivan Prosvetov and be recognized at the game on Friday, November 26. Fans can get involved.
Weekend With The Wild
The Roadrunners traveled to Des Moines to take on the Iowa Wild last weekend, handing the Wild their first regulation loss at home of the season on Sunday. Iowa entered the series with the best home power-play in the AHL, and atop the AHL Central Division. Tucson held them to 1/9 on the man advantage. The Roadrunners won on Sunday by a score of 2-1, with goals by Matias Maccelli and Terry Broadhurst.
A "Green" Blue-Line
The Roadrunners have a talented defensive unit full of both youth and experience. Out of the seven defensemen currently on the Tucson roster, the average age is 21.9 and four of the seven were born in the year 2000 or later. Vladislav Kolyachonok and Vladislav Provelnev both have prior professional experience in the KHL, and Victor Soderstrom and JJ Moser have played professionally in Sweden and Switzerland, respectively. The remaining three: Cam Crotty, Ty Emberson, and Cole Hults, each played three years of NCAA Hockey before making their way to the Roadrunners.
New Faces Making Noise
The Roadrunners had some fresh faces contributing to their 2-1 victory Sunday afternoon against the Iowa Wild in Des Moines. Forward Terry Broadhurst netted the eventual game-winning score, his first goal as a Roadrunner. Joining the Roadrunners and making his debut this weekend was forward Lewis Zerter-Gossage. A week removed from a six-point night with the Maine Mariners of the ECHL, the 26-year-old played in both games against Iowa and recorded an assist on Broadhurst's goal Sunday afternoon for his first point with Tucson.
In-Zane Roadrunners Debut
Also debuting with the Roadrunners this weekend was goaltender Zane McIntyre. McIntyre stopped 31 shots in the Roadrunners 2-1 win on Sunday, earning him first star of the game honors. The 29-year-old was originally drafted by the Boston Bruins and was a member of the Providence Bruins when current Roadrunners General Manager John Ferguson was GM of the AHL's Bruins. McIntyre has reached double-digit wins in all six of his previous AHL seasons, including three 20-win seasons, and has finished in the top five in wins three of the last five years.
Handling Teams At Home
The Roadrunners are returning home this weekend and will look to repeat the offensive performance of their last home stand. Tucson put up 11 goals in two games against the Ontario Reign at the Tucson Arena November 12 and 13. The Roadrunners handed the Reign their first regulation loss of the season that Friday night, with a thrilling 8-4 victory backed by a Matias Maccelli hat trick. In six games at home this season, the Roadrunners have had seven periods with multiple goals scored, including three periods of three goals scored. This includes the three-straight power-play scores in the previously mentioned 8-4 win over Ontario. Entering the series with Abbotsford, Tucson is averaging four goals per-game at home this season.
The Roadrunners will be looking to make it four-straight weekends at home to open the season where a Tucson player records a hat trick, dating back to the team's Home Opener against Texas on October 23. That weekend it was Ben McCartney with the feat, followed by Hudson Fasching the following weekend, then Matias Maccelli two weeks later. To help restock the hat supply of fans, the Roadrunners are offering a discounted ticket and a Roadrunners Kachina hat for $20 by clicking the link HERE.
The Tucson Roadrunners Happy Hour with Adrian Denny and Brett Fera goes live every Tuesday from 5 p.m. to 6 p.m. on Fox Sports 1450 AM and the iHeartRadio app. This week, Adrian and Brett will be live at the Boys & Girls Clubs with Roadrunners Head Coach Jay Varady scheduled to make an appearance. In addition to Roadrunners Happy Hour, the Tucson Roadrunners Insider Podcast is available every Monday, where Adrian Denny and Jimmy Peebles talk most things Tucson Roadrunners. The weekly podcast can be found on the iHeartRadio app.
Check out the Tucson Roadrunners Statistics
• Discuss this story on the American Hockey League message board...
American Hockey League Stories from November 23, 2021
Hållander, Penguins Deck Checkers in Overtime, 3-2 - Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins
Checkers Stumble Late in OT Loss to Penguins - Charlotte Checkers
Admirals to Host Food Drive Wednesday - Milwaukee Admirals
Condors Host 23rd Annual Teddy Bear Toss on Saturday - Bakersfield Condors
Bears Weekly #6: Trio of Games Forthcoming During Thanksgiving Week - Hershey Bears
Eagles Recall Miska from ECHL's Utah Grizzlies - Colorado Eagles
Gillies and Lappin Join Phantoms - Lehigh Valley Phantoms
Capitals Re-Assign Axel Jonsson-Fjallby to Hershey - Hershey Bears
Olivier Reassigned to Milwaukee - Milwaukee Admirals
Syracuse Crunch Weekly – Vol. 28, No. 6 - Syracuse Crunch
Senators Looking for Fans to Take Part in Second Kids Day Game - Belleville Senators
Two Minutes for Thoughts: November 23rd, 2021 - Hartford Wolf Pack
Moose Assign Shaw and Lynch to ECHL - Manitoba Moose
San Diego Gulls Announce 2021-22 Television Schedule - San Diego Gulls
Griffins Set to Battle Milwaukee, Chicago - Grand Rapids Griffins
Penguins Weekly - Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins
Devils Recall DeLeo, Reassign Holtz to Comets - Utica Comets
Justin Almeida and Will Reilly Reassigned to Wheeling - Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins
Thunderbirds Sign D Michael Kim to PTO - Springfield Thunderbirds
Belleville Senators Acquire Jack Dougherty from Providence - Belleville Senators
Tucson Roadrunners Road Ahead: Abbotsford Is Arriving - Tucson Roadrunners
The Bridgeport Report: Week 6 - Bridgeport Islanders
Reign Snap Stockton's Streak with Big Third - Ontario Reign
Point Streak Snapped as Heat, Reign Split Two-Game Set - Stockton Heat
Last Week around the Leagues - OSC Original by Fran Stuchbury
Other Recent Tucson Roadrunners Stories
Roadrunners Fall 4-1 On The Road
Game #28: Tucson at Stockton
Roadrunners Drop Friday Night Contest To Split Series With San Jose
Roadrunners Acquire Stephen Harper
Game #27: Tucson at San Jose


This 100 gram brick was uncovered in the depths of a puer warehouse, stacked tall, with no wrappers and nobody to claim it as a champion. When we first drank this tea, we knew we had found the bargain of our dreams. Plenty of body, but aged enough that it has a smooth and inviting character.
The White Whale can easily go toe-to-toe with similar factory productions from the 2002 era, but the whale weighs in at a fraction of the cost. Those in search of a smooth daily puer tea with over a decade of age that doesn't hurt the wallet need search no further.
100 gram bricks. Previously unwrapped, the tea is tightly compressed and was stored in dry storage between Yunnan and South China since 2002.


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BREAKING NEWS: Today's Stock Market News & Events: 1/21/2022
Dow Jones Industrial Average Futures Point to Caution Ahead of Fed Minutes
Does the Low VIX Mean It's Time to Buy Options?
Celeste Taylor
CSCO
DJIA futures are flat ahead of the FOMC meeting minutes
Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) futures are sticking close to breakeven, as traders exercise caution ahead of the release of the latest Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting minutes, which could provide more clues about the timing of the Fed's next interest rate hike. In the same vein, Wall Street will tune in to St. Louis Fed President James Bullard's afternoon speech, particularly in the wake of recent hawkish comments from fellow central bankers. Earnings misses by big names such as Target Corporation (NYSE:TGT) and Lowe's Companies, Inc. (NYSE:LOW) are also keeping stocks at bay this morning, and Dow component Cisco Systems, Inc. (NASDAQ:CSCO) is making headlines ahead of its own turn in the earnings confessional tonight. Meanwhile, September-dated crude futures are down 0.4% at $46.40 per barrel, as oil prices slip ahead of today's crude inventories report.
Continue reading for more on today's market, including:
Does the low CBOE Volatility Index (VIX) mean it's time to buy options? Schaeffer's Senior Quantitative Analyst Rocky White crunches the numbers.
One hedge fund may be taking profits, but don't count Activision Blizzard, Inc. (NASDAQ:ATVI) out just yet.
The oil-and-gas firm analysts are saying has a "significantly improved financial outlook."
Plus... Japanese markets jump, bullish attention for Valeant, and those big Cisco rumors.
Futures on the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) are 6 points above fair value.
5 Things You Need to Know Today
Japanese stocks ended higher, as the yen cooled and energy stocks outperformed.
The Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE) saw 747,106 call contracts traded on Tuesday, compared to 522,222 put contracts. The resultant single-session equity put/call ratio rose to 0.70, while the 21-day moving average remained at 0.63.
Valeant Pharmaceuticals Intl Inc (NYSE:VRX) is set to open with a 10.3% gain, following an upgrade to "overweight" from "equal weight" at Morgan Stanley, which also hiked VRX's price target to $42 from $33 -- territory not charted since March. In what is the latest round of bullish analyst attention for VRX, Morgan Stanley cited "a clearer vision" that will help "enhance financial prospects" under new CEO Joe Papa as one reason for its increased optimism towards the biotech.
CSCO is in the headlines ahead of earnings tonight, after CRN reported that the tech giant will be laying off 14,000 employees -- nearly 20% of its global workforce -- as it increasingly shifts its focus from hardware to software. Ahead of the bell, CSCO is sticking close to breakeven at $31.12.
LOW is down 4.6% in pre-market trading, after its quarterly earnings missed analysts' expectations, and after the home improvement retailer lowered its full-year guidance. The anticipated drop should have quite a few recent option traders cheering, though.
Earnings and Economic Data
Agilent (A), American Eagle Outfitters (AEO), Analog Devices (ADI), JA Solar (JASO), L Brands (LB), NetApp (NTAP), and Staples (SPLS) are among the firms due to release earnings results. To see what is coming up on this week's schedule, click here.
Don't miss the market's next move! Sign up now for Schaeffer's Midday Market Check
Tune Into This Streaming Stock's Earnings Tonight


Partner, Steptoe & Johnson LLP, Phoenix and Los Angeles (January 1994 – January 2012).
Partner, Streich Lang, Phoenix (April 1985 - December 1993).
Assistant United States Attorney, United States Department of Justice, Seattle (December 1980 - November 1985).
I draw upon my 42 years of experience as a business trial lawyer in national law firms handling a diverse range of litigation matters in federal and state courts and administrative agencies in 26 states and abroad in China and Canada. I help parties resolve their conflicts in a fair, cost-effective way through creative approaches and relentless follow-up in a framework of trust and civility. As a full-time neutral, I have had significant experience mediating and arbitrating disputes involving individuals and small, midsize and large businesses, including family businesses. I am available to conduct hearings throughout California and Arizona with no travel charges.
I use a mix of facilitative and evaluative approaches depending on the situation and the parties' desires. I like to get to know the parties and hear their perspectives so I usually ask the parties to speak personally in addition to the positions expressed by their counsel. I listen carefully and always treat the parties with empathy, respect and civility as I learn their views, motivations, wants and needs. In caucuses, we confidentially and constructively explore the strengths and weaknesses of the parties' cases, the best and worst and most likely alternatives to a negotiated agreement, the risks faced by each party if there is no settlement, and the costs of proceeding through trial. I work with the parties to creatively brainstorm ideas and solutions and their settlement demands or offers and their later settlement moves with them, to help the parties reach a resolution that they can all accept. This may include business solutions as well as money demands and offers. I prepare intensively in advance of each mediation session. I believe in outside the box approaches and relentless follow-up.
For private mediation I offer an all inclusive service fee which includes 30 minute pre-meeting calls with each party, one hour of preparation time for a four hour conference, two hours of preparation time for a full day conference, and follow up telephone conferences with the parties as needed to achieve a settlement. My private mediation fees include all of the above services at $2,250 for a half day conference and $4500 for a full day conference, with no travel charges within the states of California and Arizona.


• Caernarvon Township Authority received $50,000 to replace its existing water softener with a new water softener system and to install new piping, valves and meters at its well house on Mill Road.
• Robeson Township Municipal Authority received a $125,000 grant to update Pump Station No. 1 and Pump Station No. 2. Pump Station No. 1 will be equipped with a larger capacity pump with new controls, a flow meter and a televised monitoring and alarm system. A new emergency generator will be installed at Pump Station No. 2.
• Wyomissing received a $81,250 grant to replace 1,750 linear feet of cast iron pipe with new ductile iron watermain and associated items, including fire hydrants, valves, service lines and street restoration.


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What are the Emergency Lighting Test and Tag Requirements in Victoria?
Test and tag procedures exist for emergency lighting to ensure safety and proper function in every building in case of an emergency. At Intelligent Training Solutions, our specialised test and tag courses help train individuals in how to test and tag emergency lighting.
Why Test and Tag Policies are Required
Victorian law indicates that employers must take reasonable action to maintain a safe working environment that avoids risks to the health and safety of staff. An important aspect of workplace safety includes ensuring buildings are compliant with emergency guidelines. Part of this involves ensuring emergency lighting and exit signs are always functional in the event an evacuation is required by getting inspections and tests for a professional trained to test and tag emergency lighting.
How Often Do Emergency Lighting Systems Need to be Inspected?
While there are no specific laws outlining when emergency lighting needs to be expected, it is best practice to inspect and test all exit lights and emergency lighting every six months. This includes exit signs and emergency lights that are working and don't appear to require maintenance or replacement. It's hard to predict when emergency lighting systems may fail, so periodic inspections and tests are important to ensure they are always functional for peace of mind.
Our Emergency Lighting Testing Course
All instructors of our emergency lighting testing course at Intelligent Training Solutions are qualified A-Grade Electricians or maintenance personnel working in the test and tag field. You'll be certified as a competent person with an ability to provide a level of maintenance in accordance with the Australian Standards AS/NZS 2293.1, the National Construction Code (NCC) and the Essentials Safety Measures Building Code of Australia (BCA).
This course will provide you with all the relevant skills and knowledge required. This includes everything from obtaining work permits, hazard identification, safe work method statements, servicing operations and general maintenance on fittings through to actual methods involved when inspecting, testing and maintaining emergency lighting systems and exit lights.
Explore Our Test and Tag Courses
If you're interested in becoming qualified to inspect and test emergency lighting, choose to study at Intelligent Training Solutions in Victoria. Enrol in one of our test and tag courses today.


The Golden Tulip Khasab Hotel and Resort, set to open in the fourth quarter of 2003, is in its final stage of constructions.
This unique hotel of its category in Musandam peninsula will soon be ready to welcome the guests who are looking for a total relaxation by the sea, where they can also enjoy a day of scuba diving, or fishing, and have their "catch of the day" on the pool BBQ.
It is also the perfect place for meetings and seminars, with a fully equipped conference room that can accommodate up to 100 delegates.
The hotel started contracting with the leading tour operators and consortium, from Germany, Italy, Switzerland, France, UK, Dubai and the region, and will be soon bookable online through the Golden Tulip website, and the major GDS.


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