As a member of the Board of Trustees for Sustainable Morristown, we have worked on the action step, in conjunction with Sustainable Jersey's certification requirements, to launch an Arts and Creative Task Force. We serve as the Town of Morristown's Green Team. I am also a member of the Creative and Arts Task Force of the Dodge Foundation, and a member of the Morris County Chamber of Commerce Sustainability Committee.
Working with our vendor, we purchase LEED silver certified products to be used for cleaning and maintenance. In addition, we use biodegradable trash liners, and 75% biodegradable corn starch alternative plastic cutlery.
By appointing a recycling coordinator, and working in conjunction with the Town of Morristown and the Recycling Center on Lake Rd., we have coordinated a weekly pickup of our plastics, glass and paper products to be recycled single stream thereby reducing our waste over 45% from 2015.
Our management team is trained in the sustainability model, and works continually to reduce our footprint by eliminating paper filing, and reducing marketing materials by 30% throughout the fiscal year. We have also instituted a paperless program book to be viewed digitally on our website.
Cipollini Waste and Recycling is our hauler. They reported the tonnage to the Town of Morristown for 2016. They are a single stream recycling, sending our theater cups (#7 plastic) to Mine Hill.
We use Gogel/My Limo for our performances to shuttle patrons from neighboring garages and parking lots. This is a patron service that not only provides a customer service component, but lessens emissions and traffic issues within the area of the theatre.
As the author of our extensive EAP as well as our 3 year ADA plan for the organization, we received an excellent score from the New Jersey Council on the Arts. Detailed plans are available upon request but due to sensitive materials contained therein, are not downloaded here.
We are proud of our accessibility to the Arts for all our patrons. We have partnered with Employment Horizons and Easter Seals of NJ to onboard new hires for our organization. We also reached out to Independence 360 for our volunteer program and we are proud of the organization's inclusion policy.
Member of Sustainable Jersey and was part of the application process for Sustainable Morristown certification. We applied for Silver certification for FY17.


text:
August in the Abbotsford Gardens
It's been amazing to have visitors enjoying our gardens again over the past couple of months. Head gardener Tim updates us on what the team has been up to as we near the end of the season.
After working in a very small team of two through most of lockdown, it's been great to have our team of volunteers back to help us in the gardens as well as visitors enjoying them again. We've had lots of positive feedback from visitors which is great to hear.
The unseasonably wet and windy weather throughout August has presented some challenges. Unfortunately the rain has meant some of the vegetables rotting and some flowers not lasting as long as they might have but we've been doing what we can to lessen the impact of the elements. We've been busy tying back and staking plants to protect them from the wind and tidying the gardens up after bad weather.
As we're nearing the end of the season, we've been focusing on maintenance in the gardens such as trimming box hedges and deadheading flowers. But we still have plenty of plants flowering through the next month including Nicotiana, Chleome, Ammi Visnaga, Agapanthus and Dahlias.
Despite the weather, we've had plenty of good fruit and veg from the kitchen garden which we've been able to sell in the visitor centre shop this year. This has included courgettes, radishes, plums and two varieties of potato.
We're also preparing for next season already. We've been planning what the gardens will look like in Spring 2021 and our spring bulbs, including Tulips, Alliums, Chionodoxa, Muscari, Scilla, Pushkinia and Anemone, are already ordered for planting in October and November.
We also have 4000 crocus bulbs coming from Galashiels Rotary Club as part of The Rotary Crocus international fundraiser for the End Polio Now Campaign. Appropriate to Abbotsford as it was after suffering polio as a child in 1773 that Sir Walter Scott was sent from Edinburgh to his grandfather's farm in Roxburghshire where he first developed his life-long love of the Scottish Borders.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Sad And Naughty Known Associates [SANKA]
Submitted by Democratic Labour Party (DLP) Supporter
It's very commendable that one of the editors of one of the leading print media in Barbados has taken up the challenge of voicing the concerns of the public who according to the article seems to be in contact with so many Barbadians. It is quite pleasing that freedom of the press does allow for these persons to write without any fear of losing their jobs.
The article posed a number of questions to our Minister of Finance and bore the signature CRUEL. It is quite Sad and Naughty that Known Associates of the Opposition would seek to damage the editorial integrity of their employers by publishing week after week articles that seek to undermine the very fabric that makes it possible for all to coexist. But, nevertheless it is quite refreshing that "those citizens who, as independent individuals have no entity to speak for them" have found one in their champion CRUEL.
However, it is quite Sad And Naughty that Known Associates of the Opposition continue to practice intellectual dishonesty by not reminding Barbadians that " the current Administration faces a more severe crisis than any other in the history of independent Barbados." …"it is the most devastating since the Great Depression of the 1930s when a quarter of the United States work force was idle". It is quite Sad And Naughty that Known Associates of the Opposition expect , the high fuel cost and soaring food prices are all within the remit of this administration to control.
We acknowledge that we can influence policy to effect or temper consumption but when the great United States has to "inject over a trillion dollars in major financial institutions" that were thought "too big to fail". Where does this leave our policy makers with options when in times of plenty a bigger effort should have been made to restructure the Barbados economy. Former Opposition Leader and Minister of State in the Ministry of Finance always made that point while sitting as a member of the Democratic Labour Party. Our response through the Medium Term Fiscal Strategy has been acknowledged by international credit rating agencies and International lending Institutions as one that is working. We saw on June 17 comments from Standards and Poors which supported our growth strategy.
Former Central Bank Governor Sir Courtney Blackman associated himself with the efforts of the Tourism strategy to increase promotional spending in Canada. Despite the economic down turn, we stand committed to safeguarding the jobs in both the private and public sector. The tone has been set by our former Prime Minister the Hon David Thompson and continued by the current Prime Minister and Party Leader Freundel Stuart.
We continue to push the agenda in Tourism which paid dividends in the first quarter. We have seen the award of the new Marina that will transform life for all Barbadians and those doing business in the city. Capital works have not been halted and schools are being built.
It is quite Sad And Naughty that Known Associates of the Opposition have chosen to turn a blind eye to developments that matter to Barbados and people. Prof Frank Alleyne spent from 10.00 am until 2.00 pm on VOB and supported the direction this DLP Gov't has taken to steer Barbados thru these times. And not one mention was placed in the Nation reporting on anything he said, only because it was positive and uplifting, he did not say what the Nation would have wanted to portrait in their Gloom and Doom that they wallow in.
This entry was posted in Blogging and tagged Bajan News, Barbados, Barbados Media, Barbados Press, Caricom News, Journalism, Sanka by David. Bookmark the permalink.
0 thoughts on "Sad And Naughty Known Associates [SANKA]"
clone on July 6, 2011 at 8:29 AM said:
I agree with most of your points about the Nation newspaper. It is very negative towards Barbados. Most of the journalists along with the editors seem to be anti DLP.
The real news can be gathered on the internet and therefore no need to really buy a Nation or Advocate.
That being said the DLP cannot win the next election on the economy because things are tight although we are doing better than was expected.
A reality check has surface according to Barbados Today that the BLP can win the government with either Owen or Mia.
So please beg the DLP to introduce the promised Integrity and Freedom on Information legislation. Those DLP parliamentarians who are opposing it will find themselves out of parliament.
If they achieved this then they will get my vote and a lot of other people.
David on July 6, 2011 at 8:35 AM said:
@Clone
How would Barbados tyoday have gotten a whiff of the Wickham poll?
It is no secret Wickham is a backer of Sinckler, classmates and all.
Until we see the bona fides of this poll something smells rotten in Denmark.
iWatchya on July 6, 2011 at 9:21 AM said:
More political hogwash. Read the DLP manifesto. What did they promise BIM?!!??
All the people want is for them to deliver!
A bad Communications Strategy was partly responsible for the fall of Sandiford.
PM Stuart is a student of history, politician beware!
one on July 6, 2011 at 9:37 AM said:
I expected a poll to show the improvement of the BLP because the DLP is not doing a good PR job.
Also Freudel is still taking a beating with Adrian Clarke sound becoming very popular and nullifying any effort now of trying to correct his inaction over a period of time.
The people like Chris and therefore I cannot go with the conspiracy
It seems that ministers are letting civil servants frustrate the population, for example the entertainment license now being required in these hard times and was never enforced in the good times and land evaluation increases that are not realistic. These things are making the government very unpopular
@ One
I find it hard to believe that the civil servants are frustrating the GOB.
If that is the case why don't the ministers in charge come forward and score some points by rolling back these unpopular decisions?
Adrian Hinds on July 6, 2011 at 10:23 AM said:
You would have to be living on Mars to not think that the economy will cause the DLP much difficulty in being re-elected. We all understand that the global economy is the core reason for the poor economy in Barbados, but like elswhere where all current politicians are facing the same potential outcome, voters always feel the need to exercise their angst towards those in office. The sales clerk don't set the price of products, but who gets cuss for high prices in the store?
No a bad economy cause Sandiford stumble, and he completely fell over with a push from his parliamentary collegues via a no confidence vote. I call this one correct on Facebook where I said that the DLP will have to fight like they had too in 2008, this time to be re-elected.
David on July 6, 2011 at 10:27 AM said:
@Adrian
You are correct, the challenge for the DLP will be not only by its policies but its PR in selling the challenges of the job
The next election is for the BLP to win.
@Trained Economist
Yours is a naive argument, people will vote based on their personal circumstance.
If BU were privileged to interview the decaffeinated one, a question at the top of the list would be:
Editor, how would you respond if a senior editor at a leading newspaper was seen photocopying election material for a BLP candidate, no longer active?
Trained Economist on July 6, 2011 at 10:44 AM said:
So I take it that according to the poll and Sanka Price, the middle class voters whose travel and entertainment allowances are now taxed, either prefer thousands of their fellow citizens to face unemployment if the fiscal deficit is to be reduced, or have concluded that a change in leadership would restore economic growth and government revenues to pre -recession levels.
I hope the latter is correct, and the spirit of joint sacrifice for a greater good is still alive.
Price has still not found it fit to revisit his position on the reforms to the Drug Service in light of the comments made by Prof. Henry Fraser. is he serious about analyzing issues or scoring points?
Interesting piece on Ratings Agencies
The European Commission has strongly criticised international credit ratings agencies following the downgrade of Portugal by Moody's.
The Commission said the timing of the downgrade was "questionable" and raised the issue of the "appropriateness of behaviour" of the agencies in general.
Earlier, Greek Foreign Minister Stavros Lambridinis said the agencies' actions in the debt crisis had been "madness".
Ratings agencies have downgraded Greece and Portugal many times recently.
The three main agencies are Standard & Poor's, Moody's Investors Service and Fitch.
German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schaeuble told a news conference that he wanted to "break the oligopoly of the ratings agencies" and limit their influence.
'Speculation'
On Tuesday, Moody's downgraded Portugal's debt to "junk" status, citing worries that the country may need a second bail-out.
"The timing of Moody's decision is not only questionable, but also based on absolutely hypothetical scenarios which are not in line at all with implementation," said Commission spokesman Amadeu Altafaj.
"This is an unfortunate episode and it raises once more the issue of the appropriateness of behaviour of credit rating agencies."
Commission President Manuel Barroso added that the move by Moody's "added another speculative element to the situation".
He also said it was strange that none of the ratings agencies were based in Europe.
"[This] shows there may be some bias in the markets when it comes to the evaluation of specific issues of Europe," he said.
'Self-fulfilling prophecy'
Earlier, Mr Lambridinis told a conference in Berlin that the agencies had exacerbated an already difficult situation.
He told the conference that Moody's decision to downgrade Portugal's rating was not based on any failure to implement economic reforms.
He said Moody's made an "assumption that Portugal would need a second bail-out", a move that had "the wonderful madness of self-fulfilling prophecy" – because it made it harder for Portugal to borrow to keep afloat.
Portugal's downgrade has led to the yield on its 10-year bonds exceeding 11%. German 10-year bonds – deemed the safest in the eurozone – have a yield of about 3%.
Avoiding default
Greece and Portugal – with the Irish Republic – are the eurozone countries whose finances are so weak that they have received assistance from the European Union (EU) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
Greece is currently in the process of negotiating a second bail-out. Rating agencies are watching this closely, as commercial lenders are discussing how they can contribute to the bail-out.
Later on Wednesday, senior executives from European lenders will hold a meeting to discuss how to agree repayment terms which would fulfil both their need for repayment and Greece's need to access funds.
The agencies have voiced doubts that this can be done without them declaring that Greece has defaulted on its debts.
That would spark a round of write-downs of Greek debts held by state and commercial banks, potentially causing mayhem on the financial markets.
jack spratt on July 6, 2011 at 11:11 AM said:
David, are you saying that all journalists in Barbados are neutral. Name one…
@spratt
Not at all but there is a difference between a leaning and being professional.
For example, BU household has 'positions' we hold but we try to be fair anyway.
Part of the sense of poor management of the economy in Barbados has come from the media's uncritical acceptance of the pronouncements of the Rating Agencies.
David on July 6, 2011 at 12:34 PM said:
Peter Wickham confirms a poll was done but challenges the conclusion of the Nation media house chalenges the conclusion of the Barbados Today Online media house.
Peter Pan on July 6, 2011 at 2:18 PM said:
Your last post says it all.
Would you as a rational person repose confidence in a political party like the BLP…..which is yet to distance itself from Rawle Eastmond's charge of vote-padding/rigging for the BLP Annual Conference 2010 ?
Would you as a rational person repose confidence AGAIN in a person like Owen Arthur……who in a speech in the Bahamas in 2010 says this is the worst Global economic crisis and Caribbean economies & governments can DO NOTHING about it….and yet a few months later tell Barbadians that the DLP caused the Global economic crisis ?
Hear this one……would you repose confidence AGAIN in a person like Owen Arthur…..who secretly deposits BLP party funds into his personal accounts for his own use ? (There are more cheques to be revealed )
Leave Peter Wickham…..he & Chris knows what there are doing….ALL Barbadians would soon find out !
Negroman on July 6, 2011 at 2:27 PM said:
I have great respect for Peter Wickham as a pollster.I disagree with many of his political views especially his views on immigration,however his opinion polls are usually accurate
It is a given fact that Christopher Sinckler is the prefer choice of leader for the Democratic Labour Party gauging from the results from the opinion poll held last year September by the said Peter Wickham.In that poll Prime Minister Freundel Stuart was not given much credit.
It must be admitted that Prime Minister Freundel Stuart has not done much since assuming the post of Prime minister to enhance his image.He continues to be laid back as a leader and we Barbadians prefer a more flamboyant type of leader.Freundel Stuart definitely does not fit into that image.However,within recent months and especially at his first CARICOM Summitt as Prime Minister,his performance was polished and he did us proud when he stood up to Trinidad & Jamaica.I think he did a fantastic job at that recently held summit
I do not have any information on the opinion poll done by Peter Wickham but I believe the data collected is being manipulated to convey the impression that the Barbados Labour Party is the prefer party Barbadians will vote for if an election is call now.I suspect that the Barbados Labour Party might have gain some ground hence the impression that the Barbados Labour Party is poise to regain power.
I am eagerly awaiting Peter Wickham analysis on the poll,.It should make interesting reading..
David & BU,I did not get the chance to listen to the 12.30 news on VOB,but I heard Peter Wickham responded to the article in the Barbados Today.I see you also indicated he made a response.
Is it possible that what Peter Wickham said can be summarise by you in a little bit more detail so as to give us an idea of what he actually said?
David on July 6, 2011 at 2:46 PM said:
@Negroman
Not much was stated only that the conclusions made by the Bdos Online would have be as a result of a national poll, it appears his were constituency polling if we got it rights.
Inkwell on July 6, 2011 at 6:10 PM said:
When it suits his purpose, Peter Wickham extrapolates polls using small samples to give them national significance, but claims that it can't be done in this case. How convenient. It seems this issue is so critical that he is willing to put his credibility on the line.
I dare say he had no intention of publishing the results of this poll, and now that it has been leaked, he has to play Harbhajan, but I think he will find that this wicket aint taking spin.
enuff on July 6, 2011 at 8:36 PM said:
What a hypocritical post by Peter W. Gilkes. Pray tell who the Advocate and CBC supports?
I don't think a poll was needed to tell us that the current government will have to fight to retain the reigns of power given the current conditions. Next!!
Trained Economist on July 6, 2011 at 8:58 PM said:
I wish Sanka would take the time to connect the dots between the various sources he often refers to. For example, he recently referred to comments by
Charlie Skeete and Courtney Blackman. One of the key points from these gentlemen is that in an environment where your major source markets are in recession or weak recoveries your foreign exchange earnings are likely to be negatively impacted. When you add to that oil at $90+ a barrel, economic policy should be focused on protecting your foreign exchange reserves and by extension your fixed exchange rate regime.
How do you protect foreign exchange reserves in a small open economy like Barbados? You certainly don't protect them by policies aimed at expanding domestic demand (as Sanka seems to be suggesting) which uses up foreign exchange (at least 75 cents of every dollar spent constitutes a leakage of foreign exchange).
Economic policy is a lot about choices, Sanka's columns seem to be a lot about advocacy for particular groups and concerns which is admirable. I think the columns would be enhanced if they explored some of the consequences of the choices he advocates for. For example, more spending power in the hands of the middle class will likely result in increased imports and a leakage of foreign exchange. is that a wise choice in the current global environment? Reasonable people can differ on this but at least acknowledge the consequences of the various policy choices on offer.
In the late 1990s and up to this most recent recession barbados benefited from massive private capital inflows, mainly for real estate development. The recession has put a serious dent in these inflows. What it means is that foreign exchange reserves are now a constraint on domestic economic policy in a way they have not been for a while.
The policy options for a country with a fixed exchange rate are not the same as those for countries with floating rates or reserve currencies. be careful how we copy the debate on the impact of taxes and government spending from countries that have floating exchange rates and reserve currencies.
Sargeant on July 6, 2011 at 10:23 PM said:
After reading Sanka's piece about the folks in CRUEL who were clamoring for a return of tax free entertainment and travelling allowances it led credence to the belief that the vast majority of Bajans want to milk the cow but no one wants to feed it
The Peter Wickham story is an interesting one.
It seems he has become the goto man for media houses in Barbados to comment on any and everything under the rising sun.
Some believe his mouthings and polls maybe influencing the landscape.
Pooposition Is At Sea on July 6, 2011 at 11:52 PM said:
David | July 6, 2011 at 10:55 AM | BU if we were privileged to interview the
decaffeinated one, a question at the top of the list would be:
As some one recently said a picture is worth a 1000 words, yep he was caught red handed by a senior reporter running brochures on the Nation Photocopier for his friends the Cantankerous Liz Thompson's Election campaign.
Truthman Burton on July 7, 2011 at 2:17 AM said:
POOP-AT-SEA
What a funny man you are, posting this DLP "Mount Stinkeroo" garbage
about Liz Thompson! If you think your piece is funny, what about this: You speak of the Decaffeinated One, but more importantly, what about Barbados's largest ever green-verb, Mr. Malapropism buffoon, better known as the "DECAPITATED ONE?"
That's how he used to tell his office maid to bring his coffee: "DECAPITATED".
And the BUFFOON wasn't caught at the Photocopier. He was caught at the shredder, hurriedly destroying all those important documents that he and the dear departed one signed, and could not be found by the oversight committee.
Of course he kept the big one (only God knows why) that the court and the defendant's lawyer even now cannot find, and that is the CONTRACT FOR THE TEN MILLION DOLLAR BONUS, prepared by the dearly departed one, signed by both of them ……. imagine …. a contract for a BOGUS BONUS OF TEN MILLION DOLLARS …. monies demanded years down the road AFTER the so-called signing, for a miserably failing performance PLUS PLUNDERING, resulting in his policy holders and annuity plan holders inability to get a single cent of their hard earned invested money.
Straight talk on July 7, 2011 at 2:49 AM said:
Sir Courtney Blackman was (is?) chairman of the Board of Directors of the failed Sandford International.
Should we at this time really be heeding the advice of a man signing off the accounts of a "probable" drug money laundering corporation?
Pride and Industry.
just only asking on July 7, 2011 at 5:25 AM said:
@Tarained Economist
I agree with your reasoning. I am not an economist, but understand development issues. I argue that point with one JosquIn Despperez(desperate).
Enuff on July 7, 2011 at 8:20 AM said:
@ Truthman Burton
That contract fits the definition of corruption. What proof you have that the contract existed at the time of the Oversight Committee's investigation? I wonder who, besides Parris, were set to benefit from that $10m 'fortune teller' contract?
BAJAN TRUTH on July 7, 2011 at 9:10 AM said:
People who walk about talking bout eocnomics like if they know. What a load of crap. If 75c out of every dollar is spent overseas then how do you justify hiring alot of people to do non-work. They ain spending the same money that leaking foreign exchange. DLP ha sno sense and their advisers seem to be idiots or ar enot being listened to. You do not tax your middle class to death, so the business could keep employing people then gov't would not have to be hiring thousands of people. To stop foreign exchange leakage you tax unnecessary items to discourage purchase and loss of foreign exchange or block importation altogether. Ease tax on essentials so everybody can eat. DLP has been on a spending spree to prop up their political chances at the expense of the economy, hiring gone mad, camps, busfares, councils. This self-serving drivel about being commended by Courtney Blackman, the man as good as said they are bungling idiots but he will not it criticise them.
Now I miss the thing on the poll, and I do not trust Wickham or his polls. It could say good or bad, he is not a trustworthy or professional person. I have listened to political spin he puts on his polls to shape the opinion not report the opinion. It does not take a genuis to read that Bajans are disillusionned and will pitch out htis gov't. The only thing I noted recently is that Wickham talking everything but local politics and hinted that this is a one time gov't. People shame, the media people who got into bed with the Dems to try to shape public opinon instead of doing their job. Embarrassed and always got to apologise and excuse this gov't and paint BLP black or Arthus some other colour or try to stir the controversy between Arthur and Mottley. That bugs me as much as others promoting the BLP. Just report the facts without trying to hoodwink people. Sad, sad thing in a country that professionals take sides.
Truthman Burton on July 7, 2011 at 10:35 AM said:
@Enuff | July 7, 2011 at 8:20 AM |
Enuff ….The proof of existence at time of OC investigation would have to be deduced. The dearly departed was the one who appointed the Oversight Committee, and the $10m 'fortune teller' contract would have been prepared and signed by him while he was alive, no?
But on the other hand, do you recall RONALD JONES' statement that he "travels at night and often speaks with the dearly departed?". If JONES to this day, actually meets and speaks with the late "annointed one", it figures that that contract could also have been prepared and signed AFTER his death! Sounds a tad macabre? Better ask RONALD JONES; he might be able to provide a good lead as to the whereabouts of the mysterious "contract", and to determining the effective date of existence.
Tell me Why on July 7, 2011 at 11:29 AM said:
I don't see any related info regarding the proposed 92 million medical facilities at the old St. Joseph Hospital. However, I have a fundamental concern regarding the funding of this project, the participation of Government and the statement from AWC regarding the freedom of tax treaty, problems associate with the US government Health Care system, administrative hassles, less government interference, less liability, tax advantages, and the ability to make nuff money in Barbados. Now I am asking, what about the existing health care facilities like the Sparman Clinic, Bayview Hospital and even our own QEH? David, let's here your views on this AWC that has been in operation from only February 2011.
Please check the below sites for more information
http://www.thirdevo.com/awc_facts.htm
http://www.thirdevo.com/awc_main.htm
http://www.awc.sonetwork.co.uk/medical-practice/business-model
balance on July 9, 2011 at 6:22 AM said:
just a few observations, i keep hearing reading about mr stuart's stellar performance at the recently concluded summit in defence of barbados's positions and how he stood up to the leaders of trinidad and jamaica over the controversial issues of redjet and immigration. as hard as i have tried , i seem not to be able to share the same view. with respect to immigration matters, mr stuart disassociated himself from mr thompson's bellicose 'ever so welcome wait for the call' dictum by proceeding in a statesmanlike manner to give the conference facts and figures highlighting the commitment of barbados to honouring the decisions of caricom in matters of immigration. no disrespect to mr stuart but the permanent secretary could have delivered those remarks.with respect to aviation, may i ask if redjet is flying into trinidad or jamaica now or do they still not have to wait on the benediction of kamla and bruce irrespective of mr stuart's ineffective tonguelashing.
trined economist, i find your eferences to 'policy choices' in your comments quite interesting and in this regard i would like to share aspects of the international monetary fund report no 9/291 of september 2009 on barbados. the report recognises the difficulties faced by the barbados economy as a result of theglobal recession but notes that 'the authorities are reluctant to tighten fiscal policy on the grounds this would deepen the recession and weaken confidence and are confident that they can secure foreign financing to cover the budget shortfall and stabilize reserves'. the I.M.F MISSION recommended early tightening of the FISCAL STANCE within a credible MEDIUM MID-TERM FISCAL CONSOLIDATION framework.THE MISSION encouraged the AUTHORITIES to aim for a lower FISCAL DEFICIT in the FINANCIAL YEAR 2009/2010 BY trimming the fat(my words)of such entities as the TRANSPORT BOARD and the B.A.M.C among other things given the uncertainties about the strength of the global recovery.The Mission supported the efforts of the AUTHORITIES to intensify its engagement with multilateral institutions but noted that some uncertainty persists with respect to to the financing of 5the FISCAL DEFICIT next year.THE MISSION also noted that there was a risk that under current policies, PUBLIC DEBT would gradually grow to unsustainable levels. page 14 of the report makes interesting reading. in looking at the barbados economic performance in a REGIONAL context BETWEEN 2004-2009, it notes' like other Caribbean countries,Barbados has been buffeted byb the Global crisis and tourism arrivals which experienced slow growth over the last five years has contracted sharply so far in 2009.barbados' position has deteriorated significantly even compared to its neighbours further exacerbating an already dificult public debt situation.( please also note that public spending rose by 9.1% during the first quarter of 2009) and this was in a recessionary period. choices, choices
@balance
You should note to be balanced that the BLP Opposition at the time was calling for the government to rollout a aggressive stimulus package which equates to spending more money.
balance on July 10, 2011 at 2:57 PM said:
thank you david, i was not aware. i was only providing information with a view of showing that our problems were not strictly the global recession but about policy choices as trained economist indicated.do not for one moment believe that my comments placces the level of public debt at the door of the dlp alone. not at all. as much as i give mr arthur credit for his overall handling bof the economy between2004-2009; expenditure on such non-productive ventures as greenland , kensington and the carteblanche permission to the BTA to borrow as they like do contribute to our fis cal problems to which the present administration seems to have no answer.
just one more comment, david; the opposition was voted out of office in 2008 because i presume the majority of registered voters were not happy with their performance in government. they are not on trial; what they say cannot count because they cannot implement anything.the authorities referred to in the I.M.F. report were those elected to form the government of barbados not the opposition.
David on July 10, 2011 at 6:38 PM said:
this is true but by the mouthings of the opposition it shows itself as a credible government in waiting.
balance on July 13, 2011 at 5:27 AM said:
david, you mean it ought to show itself as a credible govt in waiting.is the present opposition doing enough to promote itself as a credible govt in waiting? would floating voters support a party riddled with internal conflict?
Pooposition Is At Sea on July 13, 2011 at 9:04 AM said:
And the knowledge that they will resume the wholesale theft and corruption once they were returned to power ?
Arthur and Mottley are only in it to enhance their bank accounts and corrupt the morals of society, Mottley with her Gay and LESBIAN THEME and Arthur with children arriving from nowhere even while married to Beverley.
TWO CORRUPT AND RUDDERLESS AND MORALESS BEAST.
we must be very careful how we demonise people because all of us have sinned and fallen short. yes, good morals and values are important but people who live in glass houses should not throw stones. if you want to condemn arthur and mottley on their supposedly corrupt lifestyles as leaders; then the father of independence stands equally condemned because he is reported to have fathered a child out of wedlock as well and the errant lifestyle of the respected mr cameron tudor while widely known did not stand in the way of his contribution to the D.L.P .and the nation.so we ought to be balanced.


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Kohoutek může označovat:

příjmení osob
 Kohoutek (příjmení) – více nositelů tohoto příjmení

zoologie
 hřbetní hrbol – u řady savců či jejich plemen se běžně udává jako základní údaj výška v kohoutku a utváření kohoutku
 kohoutek – obecně zdrobnělina označení samce kurovitých ptáků

botanika
 kohoutek – rod květin z čeledi hvozdíkovitých

kopce a vrchy
 Kohoutek (Lužické hory) – vrchol v Lužických horách

astronomie
 Kohoutkova kometa – C/1973 E1
 Kohoutek (planetka) – 1850 Kohoutek, 1942 EN

zařízení

 vodovodní kohoutek
 ventil
 kohoutek zbraně – součástka a ovládací prvek palných zbraní

hudba
 Kohoutek – skladba hudební skupiny R.E.M. z alba Fables of the Reconstruction,  pojmenovaná po Kohoutkově kometě
 Kohoutek – instrumentální skladba hudební skupiny Journey ze stejnojmenného alba

jiný význam
 označení účesu nemluvňat a malých dětí (vlásky vyčesané nahoru)

Související články
 Kohout

Externí odkazy

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Do I have to use guns to achieve A+ scores in Hotline Miami 2? It definitely seems off for me for the sequel, in which I seemingly have to rely on guns to achieve A+ scores.   In Hotline Miami 1 it was simple getting A+ scores with melees or fists, but  Hotline Miami 2 seems to have much more emphasis on guns over fists.
Is it possible to even get an A+ score with melees/fists? I've been trying over an hour or so and the closest I've come is a B average on most levels.
Do I have no choice but to bring guns?

A: On the first few levels it's possible, but you'll need to start using them eventually if you want A+.  It's all about keeping the combo up and using a variety of different weapons.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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Monica Harrison is this year's recipient of the award honoring an employee with a significant disability who has demonstrated outstanding achievement and remarkable passion for self-advocacy on a local or national level. She is an accomplished staff member at Opportunity Village in Las Vegas, providing direct care services to people with disabilities. In addition, as Chairperson of the largest self-advocacy organization in Nevada, Monica tirelessly advocates for issues such as better accessibility at the voting booth for those who often cannot advocate for themselves.
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Gary Hunter, current recipient of the Honor Roll for Veterans with Disabilities Award, is a U.S. Army veteran with schizoaffective disorder who struggled to find a job after his disability was diagnosed. As a customer service technician for Peckham, Inc., he's flourished. He provides outstanding service, mentors other employees and is building a database of information for other customer service agents to answer client questions.
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The Free Library > Business and Industry > Business > Huddersfield Daily Examiner (Huddersfield, England) > November 5, 2019
The Free Library > Business and Industry > Business, international > Huddersfield Daily Examiner (Huddersfield, England) > November 5, 2019
The Free Library > Communications > News, opinion and commentary > Huddersfield Daily Examiner (Huddersfield, England) > November 5, 2019
The Free Library > Date > 2019 > November > 5 > Huddersfield Daily Examiner (Huddersfield, England)
Our heroes; THESE ARE THE REAL STARS OF TONIGHT'S SHOW ON ITV - OUR INSPIRATIONAL WINNERS. FROM DIFFERENT WALKS OF LIFE, FROM EVERY PART OF THE COUNTRY, FROM INCREDIBLE CHILDREN TO REMARKABLE PENSIONERS, THEY SHARE A SPIRIT THAT EMBODIES ALL THAT IS BEST ABOUT OUR NATION. MEET THE PRIDE OF BRITAIN 2019.
<a href="https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Our+heroes%3b+THESE+ARE+THE+REAL+STARS+OF+TONIGHT%27S+SHOW+ON+ITV+-+OUR...-a0604763810
MLA style: "Our heroes; THESE ARE THE REAL STARS OF TONIGHT'S SHOW ON ITV - OUR INSPIRATIONAL WINNERS. FROM DIFFERENT WALKS OF LIFE, FROM EVERY PART OF THE COUNTRY, FROM INCREDIBLE CHILDREN TO REMARKABLE PENSIONERS, THEY SHARE A SPIRIT THAT EMBODIES ALL THAT IS BEST ABOUT OUR NATION. MEET THE PRIDE OF BRITAIN 2019.." The Free Library. 2019 MGN Ltd. 15 Jan. 2021 https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Our+heroes%3b+THESE+ARE+THE+REAL+STARS+OF+TONIGHT%27S+SHOW+ON+ITV+-+OUR...-a0604763810
Chicago style: The Free Library. S.v. Our heroes; THESE ARE THE REAL STARS OF TONIGHT'S SHOW ON ITV - OUR INSPIRATIONAL WINNERS. FROM DIFFERENT WALKS OF LIFE, FROM EVERY PART OF THE COUNTRY, FROM INCREDIBLE CHILDREN TO REMARKABLE PENSIONERS, THEY SHARE A SPIRIT THAT EMBODIES ALL THAT IS BEST ABOUT OUR NATION. MEET THE PRIDE OF BRITAIN 2019.." Retrieved Jan 15 2021 from https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Our+heroes%3b+THESE+ARE+THE+REAL+STARS+OF+TONIGHT%27S+SHOW+ON+ITV+-+OUR...-a0604763810
APA style: Our heroes; THESE ARE THE REAL STARS OF TONIGHT'S SHOW ON ITV - OUR INSPIRATIONAL WINNERS. FROM DIFFERENT WALKS OF LIFE, FROM EVERY PART OF THE COUNTRY, FROM INCREDIBLE CHILDREN TO REMARKABLE PENSIONERS, THEY SHARE A SPIRIT THAT EMBODIES ALL THAT IS BEST ABOUT OUR NATION. MEET THE PRIDE OF BRITAIN 2019.. (n.d.) >The Free Library. (2014). Retrieved Jan 15 2021 from https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Our+heroes%3b+THESE+ARE+THE+REAL+STARS+OF+TONIGHT%27S+SHOW+ON+ITV+-+OUR...-a0604763810
Byline: AARON HUNTER
Good Morning Britain Young Fundraiser Terminally-ill youngster is on a mission to raise hundreds of thousands of pounds so other children won't suffer too AARON, nine, has ROHHAD, an extremely rare and complex disease that affects the function of every system and organ within the body. There are just 100 known cases worldwide, 12 of which are in the UK.
Sufferers face a daily fight for survival and many die before they reach their teens. And Aaron is determined to help them, and make sure others don't have to suffer like him.
When doctors confirmed he had ROHHAD in January 2015, there was no test to diagnose it, little research into the illness and critically, no cure.
Aaron and his family founded the ROHHAD Association to raise awareness and money for research, as well as to offer support to other families. So far they have raised PS310,000.
of e f ar.
After seeing the Ice Bucket Challenge to raise awareness motor neurone disease on the news, Aaron asked his mum if he could do something similar. He came up with the Muddy Puddle Challenge, where participants jump in puddles - something Aaron can't do due to his condition.
- e n He made a video calling on his favourite superhero, Ironman - played by Hollywood star Robert Downey Jr - to do the challenge. The actor was so inspired by Aaron's selflessness and desire to help others, he flew to Britain to meet him and do the challenge.
w o Robert said: "As I got to know him more, I just got caught up in the spirit of his desire to help others." | You can donate online at rohhadassociation.com JAYDEE-LEE DUMMETT Child of Courage Schoolgirl saved her family's lives by raising the alarm when she recognised the signs of carbon monoxide poisoning IN March 2019, Jaydee-Lee, seven, noticed her brother Laylan, four, was disoriented and acting strangely when he awoke in the night. She immediately recognised his behaviour as the signs of carbon monoxide poisoning, which she had learned about at school three weeks previously, during a gas safety visit.
Laylan was disoriented and saying there was someone at the end of his bed. Mum Lindy thought he was sleepwalking but Jaydee-Lee noticed the light on the family's carbon monoxide detector had turned from green to red, but with no alarm sounding, Lindy would not have noticed. Jaydee-Lee even remembered the gas emergency number - 0800 111 999 - for her mum to call.
Without Jaydee-Lee's quick thinking, her family would have been among the 50 people killed by carbon monoxide poisoning in the UK this year.
Lindy says: "I couldn't be prouder - she saved our lives. Looking back, without that lesson, I genuinely don't think we'd still be alive. She's our little hero."
SGT STEVIE BULL This Morning Emergency Services Award Heroic police officer risked her own life to tackle a man brandishing a gun at terrified nurses in a hospital ward STEVIE was at University College Hospital in London in March 2018 with a colleague who had been taken ill, when she heard a call on her radio and saw security guards run past.
Stevie, a PC at the time, ran to the scene where she was confronted by a man pointing a handgun at a nurse. He also had a large suitcase, raising fears it could be a bomb.
When he refused to put the weapon down, she attempted to tackle him to the floor.
During the struggle, Stevie sustained a head and neck injury, but she continued to wrestle with the gunman.
With the help of two security guards, she pinned him to the ground, handcuffed him and retrieved the gun, which was later found to be a starter pistol.
Sgt Chris Couling, Stevie's superior officer at the time, said: "Having seen a photo of the gun you wouldn't know it was a starter pistol."
Stevie, who has since been promoted to sergeant, said: "I didn't really think about my own safety, I just acted on instinct."
DANTE MARVIN Child of Courage Youngster whose motto is "there are no disabilities, only abilities". A powerful advocate for other disabled children DANTE, 11, was born with brittle bone disease and scoliosis. He has spent most of his life in and out of hospital for treatment, including painful rod replacement surgery in his legs. But the Liverpool schoolboy refuses to let it get him down.
He became involved with the children's charity Variety when his mum Rachel asked for help to buy a new wheelchair. During the home visit, Dante dazzled the assessor with his optimistic outlook and she asked him to speak at an event.
His speech was such a success he now speaks regularly to audiences of adults to raise awareness and PS30,000 for a Sunshine Bus.
Dante also visits other seriously ill and disabled children in hospital, bringing light and laughter to the wards and identifying others who could benefit from Variety's support.
Dante says: "I am lucky, I have the best mum in the world. My message to others is be resilient, be brave and never give up. And just because you are disabled, you are no different to anyone else.
Marvin Never forget that."
BEN HEDGER Child of Courage Hero schoolboy steered car across dual carriageway, after his mum collapsed at the wheel at 65mph BEN'S mum Lauren had picked him up from school last December. They were on the way home, on the A120 near Colchester, Essex, when Lauren began staring into space.
Initially Ben thought she was joking, but then the car began to swerve into the right-hand lane at 65mph.
The car veered across both lanes of the dual carriageway before hitting the central reservation and scraping along the barrier.
Lauren had now started shaking and her muscles tensed causing her foot to push down on the accelerator. Ben, then eight, undid his seatbelt and grabbed the wheel, steering the car back across two lanes and onto the grass verge where it stalled and came to a stop. Ben even put the hazard lights on to warn other drivers.
Lauren was now slumped over the steering wheel, and Ben feared she had died, but she made a full recovery in hospital.
Lauren says, "I've never had a seizure before so there's no way he would have known what to do in that situation. I'm so proud of Ben and amazed." JOSH LITTLEJOHN & ALICE THOMPSON Special Recognition Friends who began a sandwich shop to raise money for social causes now lead a global movement to end homelessness Josh & THE pair opened Social Bite, a cafe which donates profits to social causes, in Edinburgh in 2012. Now Social Bite has grown from a single cafe to five, and a social business aimed at ending homelessness worldwide. One in three staff have experienced homelessness, and customers can pay for food and drink in advance for a homeless person.
After a fundraising sleepout with business leaders, in 2017 they launched Sleep in the Park, which saw 8,000 people raise PS4million. A year later, 10,000 people took part, raising a further PS3.65million.
They have also built the Social Bite Village from reclaimed wasteland in Edinburgh, which provides shelter for up to 20 homeless people. And they asked landlords to pledge accommodation, a programme called Housing First. The scheme received PS6.5million from the Scottish Government. By April 2021, 830 people will be housed.
Alice In December, the World's Big Sleep Out will take place in 50 cities including London and New York. It aims to raise PS40million for homelessness initiatives.
BEN CLIFFORD TSB Community Partner Inspirational surfer gives with disabilities the chance experience the joy of the sport world-leading surf school WHEN a disabled person asks Ben if they can go surfing, his answer is always: "Of course you " This is the mission statement for Surfability UK, the country's first fully-inclusive surf school, which Ben set up in Caswell Bay near Swansea in 2013. He goes tolengths to help people with the most severe disabilities take part in the sport.
If someone arrives at Surfability with a disability he has not seen before, he researches their Ben condition and even invents new kit, such as the UK's first seated tandem surfboard for people who cannot sit up.
It means nobody misses out, and Ben says: "Our youngest surfer at the moment is six and our oldest 73. I see them as individuals and I try to find a way to make it work."
Ben, 34, is now a world-leader in new teaching methods and safety techniques. He is working with the International Surfing Association to develop standards for adaptive surfing, helping those in surfing hotspots such as California, South Africa and Australia.
Today, Surfability supports more than 500 people.
DAME ELIZABETH ANIONWU Lifetime Achievement Overcame prejudice to become a nurse and transform care for people with sickle cell disease BORN in 1947 to an Irish student and a Nigerian law student, Elizabeth's early life was dogged by racism and the stigma of illegitimacy. Shame led her family to put her in a home run by Catholic nuns.
It was a childhood filled with cruelty - in one home she was made to stand with a urine-soaked sheet over her head as a punishment for wetting the bed. But a caring nursing nun who treated her when she was four, inspired her to become a nurse. At 16 she started as a DANIEL NICHOLSON & JOEL SNARR Outstanding Bravery Sales manager and former soldier risked their lives to pull three people from a burning plane DAN Nicholson was driving home in May last year when a light aircraft plummeted to the ground just 200 yards in front of his car.
The plane had suffered engine problems shortly after take off, hit power lines and crashed into the central reservation of the A40 in Abergavenny.
With no thought for his own safety, Dan, 46, ran towards the burning wreckage. Trapped inside were teenage brother and sister Jack Moore and Billie Manley, and their uncle, the pilot Stuart Moore.
Dan recalls: "The plane was upside down and flames were coming out. I could hear screaming so I climbed under the wing. You could feel the heat and smoke."
He smashed the rear window and pulled Billie, 16, from the smoke-filled cabin. At that point Joel Snarr, a former army officer, ran from his car to help. Joel, 35, helped Dan get Jack, 19, out of the wreckage. And then Joel grabbed the pilot and pulled him free, minutes before the plane was engulfed in flames.
Dan adds: "I would do it all over again. I am so proud we managed to save all three people inside."
HEZRON BROWN Prince's Trust Young Achiever Overcame a life of crime and homelessness to help steer thousands of young people away from gangs and violence WHEN Hezron was five, he fell into a bath of scalding hot water and was severely burned. Despite months of skin grafts in Birmingham Children's Hospital, he was badly scarred. It led to bullying from other children and Hezron resorted to violence as a coping mechanism.
After being expelled from both primary and secondary school, his mother could no longer cope and asked him to leave home.
He was 13. He initially lived with his older sister but by 15, he was living on the streets. Social services secured him a flat and he got a place at college, but he was soon drawn into gang life.
Facing a long sentence for robbery, Hezron, now 29, was given a second chance by the judge, who did not jail him. He left court determined to change his life and went back into education.
After a Prince's Trust programme helped him find a job, he turned his attention to helping others. Over the past seven years he has told his story to thousands of youngsters to steer them away from gangs, drugs and violence, he has mentored hundreds of young people, and works with the National Citizen Service, and is a Prince's Trust Ambassador.
JAMIE MCDONALD ITV Fundraiser of the Year Growing up with a rare spinal condition inspired Jamie McDonald to raise almost PS1million to help others WHETHER it's rattling a tin in the street, selling raffle tickets or running a marathon, we all know someone who raises money to help others.
ITV regional news programmes asked viewers to nominate exceptional fundraisers in their area.
Regional winners were selected by judges from each ITV area, then the Pride of Britain judges had the tough task of choosing the overall winner, Jamie McDonald, who was announced at the awards.
Jamie has completed a series of gruelling endurance challenges including running 5,500 miles across America dressed as his alter-ego, Adventureman.
For the first nine years of his life, he was in and out of hospital with rare spinal condition syringomyelia. As an adult, he has been determined to help others and repay the support he received when he was younger.
In 2012, he cycled 14,000 miles from Bangkok to his hometown of Gloucester, UK. He then broke the world static non-stop cycling record, spending 268 hours pedalling an exercise bike.
In February 2014, he became the first person to run the 5,000 miles across Canada from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific coast without the aid of a support crew.
In March this year, dressed as Adventureman, he completed a solo 5,500 mile run across America. Weeks later, he broke another world record, running 524 miles on a treadmill.
CAPTION(S):
Aaron with his hero Robert Downey Jr, aka Iron Man
After being diagnosed with a rare condition known as ROHHAD, Aaron Hunter came up with a social media campaign to raise awareness of the illness
Jaydee-Lee with brother Laylan and mum Lindy
Dante Marvin
Ben Clifford
Josh & Alice
in Dame Elizabeth Anionwu
Hezron Brown
COPYRIGHT 2019 MGN Ltd.
AARON HUNTER
Huddersfield Daily Examiner (Huddersfield, England)
Geographic Code:
4EUUK
T'S the most uplifting TV [...]; Our awards recognise some truly inspirational people at star-studded celebration bash.
THE room was packed with [...]; Infectious joy of 11-year-old Pride Of Britain Award winner is one of the highlights of a night full of laughter,...
Fund raising events


text:
Fiery Melee
Energy Aura
Exothermaniac
"Just another experiment." she said to herself. "What if I try to put the embryo into a plasma environment, I already know how to shield it." Said and done, the embryo was put into a reaction chamber and she fired the generators up. Seconds later, the laboratory was in flames and she ran. What had been left behind in the flames, however, started growing. With each cell replicating, the being absorbed fire and energy from the surroundings. The fire lasted for hours, and the entity was charged, alive and growing. As the last flame died out, the being felt the energy surging through its body; and slowly let part of it out in form of a fire sword. The Exothermaniac was born.
Exothermaniac has collected 240 of 1461 badges.


text:
Citigroup Gearing Up to Trade CME Bitcoin Futures: Sources
Citi will begin trading CME bitcoin futures first and then bitcoin exchange-traded notes, one of the sources said.
By Ian Allison, Tanzeel Akhtar
Aug 24, 2021 at 3:11 p.m. UTC
Citigroup tower in London
Ian Allison
Tanzeel Akhtar
U.S. banking giant Citigroup (NYSE: C) is awaiting regulatory approval to begin trading bitcoin futures contracts on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), according to a source within the bank who asked to remain nameless.
The bank is said to be fielding a surge in client demand for cryptocurrency exposure as bitcoin again mounts a climb toward $50,000. Citi, which is still working through the necessary regulatory approvals, would join fellow megabank Goldman Sachs in offering bitcoin futures trading.
A second person familiar with cryptocurrency derivatives markets said Citi is activelyhttps://jobs.citi.com/job/london/quantitative-developer-fx-autotrader-and-algo/287/6920262032 recruitinghttps://jobs.citi.com/job/london/vp-fx-etrading-quantitative-developer-london/287/12550262560 people to join a crypto-focused team in London, adding:
"The team is likely to win approval to begin trading CME bitcoin futures first and then bitcoin exchange-traded notes (ETNs)."
"Given the many questions around regulatory frameworks, supervisory expectations and other factors, we are being very thoughtful about our approach," a Citigroup spokesperson told CoinDesk via email. "We are presently considering products such as futures for some of our institutional clients, as these operate under strong regulatory frameworks."
In January, CME took the prime spot on the list of the biggest bitcoin futures trading platforms, indicating a continued rise in institutional participation.
An increasing number of big banks are venturing into crypto, often by way of cash-settled products that track the price of cryptocurrencies. In July, CoinDesk reported that Bank of America's prime brokerage unit started the clearing and settlement of cryptocurrency exchange-traded products (ETPs) for hedge funds in Europe.
Read more: Citi Launches 'Digital Assets Group' Within Wealth Management Division
Citigroup, one of the largest banks in the U.S., holds some $23.7 trillion in assets under custody. In June, Citi launched a business unit to offer cryptocurrency-related products under the bank's wealth management umbrella. In May 2021, Citi was said to be weighing cryptocurrency trading and custody, according to a Financial Times report.
During the last crypto bull run in 2017, Citi's U.K. brokerage platform started offering clients access to ETH ETNs. But as the price of bitcoin dropped in 2018, the demand for the products declined and the offering was shelved.
CitiBitcoinBankingBitcoin FuturesCitigroupCME Futures


text:
info@brexitfactbase.com
Contents map
3. EU budget and UK contribution
Section contents
EU plan and budget
UK contribution and benefits
Financial settlement
UK net contribution was about 0.4% of GDP and less than 1.2% of public expenditure in 2019
For 2019, UK contribution was:
£14.4 billion gross after rebate;
£7.9 billion after public and private sector receipts
£152 million a week (or 32p per person per day)
Economic benefits of EU membership add an estimated 4% to GDP (IFS)
About ten times UK's net contribution to the EU
In 2019, GDP was £2.3 trillion and EU membership was worth:
~£90 billion
~£1,700 million a week
~£450 per person for the year
UK financial settlement was about £34 billion at 31 December 2020
Includes £10.1 billion contributions for 2020
From 2021 onwards, UK pays EU for participation in EU programmes (e.g. Horizon)
Click here for summary of Brexit FactBase.
Exact matches only Search in content
Multi-annual financial plan
The EU plans its spending in seven-year financial plans in a Multi-annual Financial Framework. The relevant Multi-annual Financial Plan (MFP) ran from 2014 to 2020. Annually, the European Parliament and the Council approve each year's budget, within the MFP, separately in advance.
The 2014-20 MFP had 11 principal goals:
Strengthening research, technological development and innovation
Enhancing access to, and use and quality of, information and communication technologies
Enhancing the competitiveness of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)
Supporting the shift towards a low-carbon economy
Promoting climate change adaptation, risk prevention and management
Promoting sustainable transport and improving network infrastructures
Preserving and protecting the environment and promoting resource efficiency
Promoting sustainable and quality employment and supporting labour mobility
Promoting social inclusion, combating poverty and any discrimination
Investing in education, training and lifelong learning
Improving the efficiency of public administration
Sources: European Commission, Priorities for 2014-20
EU budget
The EU annual budget is always balanced, so there is no deficit or debt. It consists mostly (>90%) of payments for the current year plus commitments in future years (<10%).
Country contributions to the budget vary principally according to country Gross Domestic Product. They average about 1% of GDP (the EU uses a similar measure, called Gross National Income – GNI). The GNI contribution is the major item but country contributions also include a VAT contribution, tariffs and levies. (See NAO diagram below for more details).
The 2018 budget was €160bn, consisting of:
€132bn (83%) spent in EU countries, benefitting citizens directly, on the EU's main objectives of sustainable growth and smart and inclusive growth:
€59bn (37%) on sustainable growth;
€56bn (35%) on economic, social and territorial cohesion
€22bn (14%) on competitiveness for growth and jobs
€10bn (6.3%) on Global Europe;
€10bn (6.3%) on administration; and
€3bn (1.9%) on security and citizenship.
The EU budget for 2018 of €160bn averaged 85 cents a day per citizen (EU population 513 million) or €312 a year per citizen.
(The 2017 budget was €158bn and spent in similar proportions to 2018).
Source: European Commission, EU annual budget lifecycle – figures
EU28 contributions compared
Figure 3.2 shows member state shares of the contributions to the EU budget. Of these, the top four contributors are Germany (19%), France (16.6%), UK (13.5%) and Italy (12.5%) who account for over 61% of gross contributions.
The chart shows that the UK contributed 13.45% of the EU budget in 2016. However, when pubic sector receipts from the EU are deducted, the UK's net contribution was about 10% in round figures.
On a gross and net basis, the UK was the third largest contributor.
Source: Statista and House of Commons Library, A Guide to the EU Budget, January 2018
Budget accountability and control
This diagram from the excellent NAO briefing on the EU-UK finances shows the steps in granting funds, spending, reporting and auditing.
There is more detail on the role of the European Court of Auditors and its regular sign-off of the EU's accounts in the section on 'What is the EU?'.
Source: National Audit Office, Briefing on EU-UK finances, December 2016
Contribution for 2019
HM Treasury recorded the UK gross contribution to the EU budget in 2019 as £18.9 billion. After rebate, this reduces to £14.4 billion (£277 million/week), which is the amount sent to the EU (including duties UK collects on behalf of EU). Against this, the UK benefited from receipts from the EU of £5.0 billion (Table 3.1.).
From 2021, the UK will make contributions to the EU for its ongoing participation in EU programmes such as Horizon, where these are agreed. The EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement makes provision for participation.
The UK net contribution in 2019 was £9.4 billion, taking account of £5.0 billion in EU payments to the UK public sector (the majority represents receipts under the Common Agricultural Policy).
In addition, UK organisations received funds secured through competitions (for example, for research in UK universities). The House of Commons Library estimates that between 2014 and 2018 these additional receipts were between £1.0 billion and £2.0 billion each year.
Assuming estimated receipts of £1.5 billion for 2019, resulted in a UK net contribution of £7.9 billion or £152 million per week or 33p per day per person (UK population of 66.9 million in 2019 – estimated by ONS – and 66.4 million in 2018).
Leaving the EU theoretically improves the UK's public finances by saving the UK contribution, but this is just part of the story. All reputable economists agree that Brexit reduces UK national income by much more than the contribution. Scroll down for the economic benefits of EU membership. Also, see section on impact assessment.
Table 3.1: UK contributions to the EU (UK financial years)
£bn Per week
£m Per person
per day (p) Annual
per day (p)
UK contribution 18.9 363 78 17.8 342 72
Less: rebate (4.5) (4.3)
Gross contribution to EU budget 14.4 277 59 13.4 258 55
Less: public sector receipts (5.0) (4.4)
Net contribution to EU budget 9.4 181 39 9.1 175 37
Received by UK organisations through competitions (1.5) (1.5)
Net UK contribution 7.9 152 32 7.6 146 31
Source: House of Commons Library, The UK's contribution to the EU budget, 4 January 2021
Table 3.2 shows the components of UK contributions and public sector receipts 2014 – 2019. In addition, the UK received funds through competitions for funds.
Note that the UK contribution included the UK's share of the EU's international aid budget for which the UK's share was about £1 billion in 2015/16. This counted towards the UK's overseas aid target of 0.7% of GDP. Assuming this target continues, after leaving the EU, the UK still needs to spend the £1 billion on aid to meet the target. Assuming an aid figure of £1 billion for 2019 meant that the UK could only have 'saved' £6.9 billion a year (£133 million/week), even less than the net figure of £7.9 billion in Table 3.1.
Table 3.2: UK contributions and public sector receipts, 2014 to 2019 (£ million)
Contribution and public expenditure
The UK's net public sector contribution to the EU of £9.4 billion in 2019 represented less than 1.2% of UK public expenditure of £802 billion for 2018 -19 (Figure 3.3). This meant that nearly 99% of UK public expenditure was under direct UK government control.
Figure 3.3: UK public sector spending 2018 -19 (£bn)
Source: HMT, Public Spending Statistics, July 2019
Economic benefits of EU membership
In August 2016, the Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS) reviewed several reputable economic studies about the costs and benefits of different options for UK's relationship with the EU. The IFS concluded that membership of the Single Market was worth an additional 4% of UK GDP over the long run.
To give an idea of scale, 4% of GDP of £2,255 billion in 2019 (Figure 3.4), was worth about £87 billion (4/104 x 2,255).
This was a benefit to GDP of £1.7 billion a week, or over ten times the weekly net contribution of £152 million (Table 3.1).
The economic benefits of EU membership come mainly from:
Near-frictionless trade within the EU;
EU trade agreements with other countries;
Freedom of movement, which benefits the UK workforce and UK citizens working, studying or retiring in the EU;
Attractiveness of UK as a destination for FDI to access the EU market;
Productivity gains from access to a huge market with common standards.
Benefits to public finances
Public finances are sensitive to changes in GDP and fiscal policy. In its projections, HM Treasury typically assumes that 35% – 37% of GDP flows through to public finances. Applying these percentages to an additional £87 billion of GDP in 2019 indicates that:
EU membership benefited UK public finances by around £30bn to £32bn in 2019, or:
3.2 to 3.4 times the UK's net contribution of £9.4 billion
£580 million – £620 million/week
£1.24 – £1.32 per person per day (population of 66.9 million)
£450 – £480 for the year for every man, woman and child
Institute for Fiscal Studies, Brexit and the UK's public finances, May 2016
Institute for Fiscal Studies, The EU Single Market: the value of membership versus access to the UK, August 2016
ONS, Quarterly National Accounts data, March 2022
The UK committed to honouring its share of gross EU liabilities accrued while Britain was a member state until 31 January 2020. One important objective of the first phase of the Brexit negotiations was to determine how to calculate the financial settlement.
As the Attorney-General stated in Parliament on 15 January 2019, the UK had an international legal obligation to pay what it owed to the EU. Indeed, the Withdrawal Agreement (which covers the financial settlement) is legally binding.
The UK and the EU agreed to avoid a lump-sum settlement by developing a system to calculate payments in years to come when specific liabilities fall due. This means that the final figure for the so-called "Brexit bill" will not be known until the final liabilities fall due in 2064.
Although, the UK's exit payments will be spread over several years, about 75% is payable by end 2020 and the majority by 2024. Thereafter, small annual annual payments will continue until 2064 of about £50 million a year.
The main liability is the UK's share of unpaid spending commitments in the 2014-20 financial plan at the end of the transition period (31 December 2020). To this will be added other obligations such as pensions and about contingent liabilities in relation to decisions taken while the UK was a member, such as guarantees in relation to outstanding loans from the European Investment Bank. HM Treasury, the OBR and the European Commission all believe that that these liabilities are likely to prove minimal.
Using the UK's share of EU contributions of about 13%, this implied a gross liability of about €100bn. From this will be deducted:
UK share of EU assets estimated at €17bn to €23bn
EU spending commitments to the UK to 2020 estimated at €29bn
In March 2021, the OBR estimated that the net cost of the settlement was around £34 billion (see below). In 2018 the government had estimated that the net financial settlement would be £35 billion – £39 billion as at 29 March 2019.
As a result of the extensions of Article 50 to 31 January 2020, the UK has continued to pay monthly contributions to the EU. By 31 December 2020, following monthly payments during the transition period (including £8.4 billion for 2020), the outstanding financial settlement was ~£34 billion.
The National Audit Office (NAO) has warned that the outcome is uncertain and the settlement could easily be higher.
£ billion
UK participation in EU annual budgets to 2020 (net) 10.1
Reste à liquider (commitments): 2021-2028 18.9
Other net liabilities: 2020-2064 5.1
Total: 2020-2064 34.1
Financial Times, UK bows to EU demands with breakthrough offer on Brexit bill, 29 November 2017
House of Commons Library, Brexit: the financial settlement in detail, December 2020
National Audit Office, Exiting the EU: the Financial settlement, April 2018
Office of Budget Responsibility, Fiscal risks report, July 2019, p166
Office of Budget Reponsibility, Economic and Fiscal Outlook, March 2021
Last updated on 23rd January 2023 by Richard Barfield
Copyright © 2022 Richard Barfield Advisory Services Limited
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