text:
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Children with Neuromuscular Impairment
Arne Simon*, Julia Prusseit, Andreas Müller
University of Saarland, Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Infectious Diseases Kirrberger Str., Building 9, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
Identifiers and Pagination:
Issue: Suppl 2
First Page: 155
Last Page: 158
Publisher Id: TOMICROJ-5-155
Article History:
Received Date: 28/6/2011
Revision Received Date: 12/10/2011
Acceptance Date: 27/10/2011
Electronic publication date: 30/12/2011
Collection year: 2011
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© Simon et al.; Licensee Bentham Open.
open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
* Address correspondence to this author at the Oberarzt Pädiatrische Hämatologie und Onkologie, Zentrum für Kinderheilkunde am Universitätsklinikum, Adenauerallee 119, 53113 Bonn; Tel: 0049-228-28733254; Fax: 0049-228-28733301; E-mail: asimon@ukb.uni-bonn.de
Clinically obvious reasons why children with neurological impairment (NMI) may be more severely affected in case of a viral respiratory tract infection include reduced vital capacity due to muscular weakness or spastic scoliosis, disturbed clearance of respiratory excretions (weak coughing and dysphagia), inability to comply actively with physiotherapeutic interventions, recurrent micro-aspirations (gastroesophageal reflux disease, vomiting related to coughing), a history of frequent exposure to antibiotics and health care institutions, colonization with resistant pathogens, impaired immunologic defence mechanisms due to severe malnutrition and cachexia, and early clinical deterioration in case of high fever with metabolic acidosis and hypercapnia, and maybe associated seizures or febrile convulsions.
Data from the literature suggests that in all children with NMI, who have to be hospitalized with severe clinical deterioration due to an airway infection, at least one specimen of nasopharyngeal secretions should be sent as soon as possible to a virologic laboratory to detect viral pathogens. Children with severe NMI and those mechanically ventilated for other reasons being hospitalized during the RSV season must be strictly protected against nosocomial RSV infection by means of standard and droplet precautions. Finally, children with severe NMI and age below 24 months of life should receive passive immunization with palivizumab following international recommendations.
Keywords: respiratory syncytial virus, infants and children, neuromuscular impairment, hospitalization.
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The Open Microbiology Journal
Volume: 13, 2019
Irina V. Kiseleva
Department of Virology
Institute of Experimental Medicine
Biography of Irina V. Kiseleva
Dr. Kiseleva obtained her MS in Microbiology from St Petersburg (SPb) State University, RF, PhD in Virology from Institute of Influenza, SPb, RF and DSci in Virology in Institute of Experimental Medicine (IEM), SPb, RF. She holds a position of Section Chief in IEM. She is also a Professor of SPb University, RF. She published over 280 publications including 40 RF patents. Currently she is the Editor-in-Chief of TOMICROJ, published by Bentham Science Publishers.
Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
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The state of multiple antibiotic resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Cape Coast, Ghana
News release date: July 02, 2019
This article by Dr. Kwame K. Asare et al. is published in The Open Microbiology Journal, Volume 13, 2019
Passing on dangerous naked explosives: the state of multiple antibiotic resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Cape Coast, Ghana.
The dynamisms involved in bacterial drug resistance, emergence and spread of multiple antibiotic resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Ghana are poorly understood. The current state of antibiotic resistance is gradually becoming alarming. To make matters worse, the factors that drive the transmission of antibiotic resistance among organisms in Ghana are still poorly understood. The isolation of multi-antibiotic resistant Enterobacteriaceae to ß-lactams, the first, second and third generation cephalosporins from circulating coin currencies and meat sources in Cape Coast, Ghana, is a major concern as it poses a serious threat to the entire healthcare system. E. coli, Enterobacter spp, Shigella spp, Klebsiellaspp, Pseudomonas spp, and Proteus spp showed resistance to second and third generation cephalosporins, an effective antibiotic against Enterobacteriaceae species. There is a possibility that this extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in circulation will spread rapidly with limited timely treatment to curb the infections. These microbes cause a range of infections including acute diarrhoea, respiratory infection, urinary tract infections (UTI), bacteremia, sepsis, pneumonia, cystitis, pyelonephritis, and lung abscess. The easy spread of this multi-antibiotic resistant Enterobacteriaceae through contact with contaminated surfaces and by person-to-person contact makes it major public health concern as it has a high implication on the health facilities of the region which have limited resources. The isolation of MDR Enterobacteriaceae from circulating coin currencies and meat sources gives an indication of an individual's multiple points of contact with these pathogens during daily routines, risk of infection and possible transmission to another person. The impending danger of possible outbreak of multiple ESBL-E resistant strains requires immediate public health measures to circumvent an epidemic outbreak in Ghana. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of ESBL-E transmission would be essential in providing permanent control measures to deal with drug resistance in Ghana. Personal hygiene and proper handling of currencies are encouraged to mitigate the spread of drug-resistant pathogens.
To access the full text article, please visit: https://benthamopen.com/ABSTRACT/TOMICROJ-13-138
Asare Kwame Kumi, MPhil, PhD
Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University
Kwame.asare@nagasaki-u.ac.jp
Epidemiological review on emerging & re-emerging parasitic infectious diseases in Malaysia
This article by Dr. Saad Musbah Alasil and Dr. Khairul Anuar Abdullah is published in The Open Microbiology Journal, Volume 13, 2019
Malaysia is facing many challenges caused by various parasitic pathogens. The lack of awareness among disadvantaged populations such as the Orang Asli community and the dependency on foreign workers has led to an influx of immigrants to Malaysia from countries endemic with various parasitic diseases. Amoebiasis is mainly encountered in poor rural areas in Malaysia, however it has the potential to re-emerge. Routine mass-drug administration on newly arriving foreign workers and health education programs are needed to prevent its re-emergence.
Researchers from MAHSA University in Malaysia have published a review on the epidemiology of various parasitic diseases in the country over the last 20 years. The report has been published in The Open Microbiology Journal. The report stresses that Malaysian authorities must implement strategies that provide better water treatment to avoid the emergence of blastocystis. Lymphatic filariasis has the potential to re-emerge due to its easy mode of transmission as well as the presence of a large number of immigrant workers in Malaysia from endemic countries. To prevent the emergence of giardiasis in Malaysia, a multidisciplinary approach is required to determine the level of water contamination with Giardia as well as Cryptosporidium. The epidemiology of malaria is becoming more complex in Malaysia. There is a shift towards infections among men and adults rather than women and children. Therefore, the ministry of health should raise public awareness and the use of point-of-care diagnostics.
Malaysia harbors a large variety of ecological niches that favor the transmission of Toxoplasma spp. Which has led to an increase in the incidence of toxoplasmosis. Therefore, surveillance programs should be initiated to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment. The existence of human trypanosomiasis from neighboring Thailand and reporting cases in cattle from neighboring Indonesia, can all lead to its emergence in Malaysia. Parasitic infectious diseases will continue to appear in Malaysia leading to unpredictable outbreaks that challenge healthcare personnel and emphasize the urgent need for effective surveillance and control measures. Despite the challenges, Malaysia is strongly committed to curb the spread of these diseases.
To access the entire article please visit: https://benthamopen.com/ABSTRACT/TOMICROJ-13-112
The Open Microbiology Journal is an Open Access online journal, which publishes research articles, reviews, letters, case reports and guest-edited single topic issues in all areas of theoretical and practical aspects of Microbial systematics, evolutionary microbiology, immunology, virology, parasitology , bacteriology, mycology, phycology, protozoology, microbial ecology, molecular biology, microbial physiology, biochemistry, microbial pathogenesis, host-microbe interaction, systems microbiology, synthetic microbiology, bioinformatics. Bentham Open ensures speedy peer review process and accepted papers are published within 2 weeks of final acceptance.
The Open Microbiology Journal is committed to ensuring high quality of research published. We believe that a dedicated and committed team of editors and reviewers make it possible to ensure the quality of the research papers. The overall standing of a journal is in a way, reflective of the quality of its Editor(s) and Editorial Board and its members.
The Open Microbiology Journal is seeking energetic and qualified researchers to join its editorial board team as Editorial Board Members or reviewers.
The essential criteria to become Editorial Board Members of The Open Microbiology Journal are as follows:
Experience in theoretical and practical aspects of Microbial systematics, evolutionary microbiology, immunology, virology, parasitology , bacteriology, mycology, phycology, protozoology, microbial ecology, molecular biology, microbial physiology, biochemistry, microbial pathogenesis, host-microbe interaction, systems microbiology, synthetic microbiology, bioinformatics with an academic degree.
At least 20 publication records of articles and /or books related to the field of theoretical and practical aspects of Microbial systematics, evolutionary microbiology, immunology, virology, parasitology , bacteriology, mycology, phycology, protozoology, microbial ecology, molecular biology, microbial physiology, biochemistry, microbial pathogenesis, host-microbe interaction, systems microbiology, synthetic microbiology, bioinformatics or in a specific research field.


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Forklift & Access Hire
Qantas Freight & ForkTrack™
When Qantas Freight made the decision in 2009 to replace its entire fleet of Materials Handling Equipment, it teamed up with Adaptalift and established one of the most advanced fleets in the southern hemisphere. The airline has been reaping the rewards from the close partnership ever since.
Qantas Freight Enterprises, the logistics and air freight division of the national airline, has annual revenues of close to $1 billion generated from marketing of freight capacity of Qantas Group aircraft, and operates several domestic express logistic businesses and cargo handling terminals in Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, Perth and Los Angeles.
Within these cargo terminals Qantas Freight operates a fleet of specialist materials handling equipment in excess of 130 vehicles. These range in size, application and capabilities from 1.8T IC forklifts to 16T units.
According to manager, safety and environment John Cree, the goal for Qantas Freight and Adaptalift when renewing the MHE fleet was to improve all aspects of the fleet's management, from an OH&S and environment perspective right through to driving a reduction in avoidable damage and improving operational efficiency. A key to achieving this goal was the utilisation of Adaptalift's ForkTrack™ fleet management system.
From a traffic management perspective, Qantas Freight had identified several areas within their unique business environments that needed special attention and additional controls.
Due to the layout of some of its terminals, Qantas Freight was not able to physically separate MHE and people and so other, higher order controls were sought.
Qantas Freight wished to implement speed controls in compliance with the recommendations of the Monash University Accident Research Centre in the areas where people and mobile plant worked most closely together. However, it also wanted a system that complimented driver skills and ensured control over high-risk activities.
In response, Adaptalift's engineering division conducted an in-depth analysis to identify the each issue, and the ForkTrack™ zone control system, utilising advanced radio frequency identification (RFID), was implemented to provide site specific traffic management.
Adaptalift's ForkTrack™ zone system was able to seamlessly adjust the maximum operating speed of equipment in the different parts of the warehouse based on minimum breaking distances, operational requirements, traffic flows and usual operating loads.
Operator authorisation
One of the most difficult aspects of operating a fleet of MHE is how to accurately control who can operate the equipment. In the environment that Qantas Freight operates this requirement takes on a whole other level of complexity, as all operations generally occur in the secure airside area of the airport.
All employees are required to hold a valid Aviation Security Identification Card (ASIC), and as such, Qantas Freight and Adaptalift established that the ASIC system seemed the obvious choice for identifying operators authorised to use the MHE fleet.
"It was a real accomplishment for Adaptalift and Qantas Freight to achieve the co-operation of all parties to obtain the authority to install the same access readers associated with the airport onto our fleet", commented Mr Cree.
With this swipe access, Qantas Freight is able to ensure operator compliance with training, procedural and security processes, while reducing the cost of implementation and ongoing maintenance.
"Authorised operators are required to swipe onto each piece of equipment prior to start, and the equipment is designed to automatically time out when the operator leaves the equipment. The system can also be used to restrict equipment operation to only those with the required licence and current training", he said.
Impact detection
With the majority of the Qantas Freight fleet operating within close proximity of multi-million dollar aircraft, the elimination of collision incidents is an area afforded huge focus.
Qantas Freight's fleet incorporates the ForkTrack™ remote impact detection system which constantly monitors individual equipment events above a pre-prescribed threshold. Should an event be detected, the onboard console notifies the operator, and simultaneously dispatches an email describing the event to the relevant management staff.
In event of an impact the system, much like a black box recorder on one of the group's jets, is able to provide management staff with the information such as equipment and operator ID, date and time of the event, control settings and speed and direction of travel prior to the event.
The system is even able to affect a controlled vehicle shutdown according to the pre-determined impact threshold levels.
With the information provided by the ForkTrack™ system, a clear picture of the incident is able to be created and a thorough investigation of the cause of the impact conducted.
According to Qantas Freight's John Cree, the response to such investigations and sharing of experiences has been well received by the workforce and has resulted in some terminals being able to record a substantial reduction in serious impact events since the fleet's introduction.
"What our experience has been able to show is that as a business we do not have to accept that impacts and avoidable damage will always happen. With the right equipment, transparent controls, timely reporting and employee cooperation serious issues of avoidable damage can be virtually eradicated."
Pre-operational checklist
Adaptalift's ForkTrack™ system used by Qantas Freight also incorporates an on-screen pre-operational checklist that is completed prior to the commencement of each shift.
The system automatically reports equipment prior to it being used. Completed checklists and fault reports are emailed, with information on the issue, to relevant parties for immediate resolution.
"The time between an issue being noted and a technician being made aware of it can be as little as a few minutes, which improves both the potential downtime on the equipment and the efficiency of the reporting system as a whole", said Mr Cree.
"We also have the added advantage of being able to store completed checklists electronically for auditing purposes, and can easily track and report on any attachments or modifications made to individual units."
Digital weight indicator
ForkTrack™ also incorporates a digital load weight indicator to advise the operators on loads being carried or attempted. The capacity of the equipment is pre-set in the system and an overload warning sounds, should the weight be exceeded.
Online reporting engine
Through an online dashboard, the ForkTrack™ system provides Qantas Freight with real-time reporting on equipment utilisation, operational trends and checklist compliance, allowing both mandatory and performance reporting to be completed quickly and simply. Access to information is vital for any system and ForkTrack™ gives Qantas Freight the information it needs to always improve its operations.
According to Mr Cree, Qantas Freight also uses this data for positive reinforcement of behaviours by recognising outstanding operators through its recognition programs.
"In order to achieve employee engagement and understanding around the introduction of this system, it was important for us to demonstrate it is not just about monitoring and reporting improper usage, but it can also be used to recognise and reward appropriate behaviours," he said.
An ongoing relationship
Since introducing its Hyster MHE fleet in 2009 and utilising Adaptalift's ForkTrack™ system, Qantas Freight has seen a significant number of operational improvements.
Qantas Freight and Adaptalift maintain regular operational meetings providing a forum where new MHE developments can be brought to the table and both parties can work together to design improvements and solutions to real-life problems that arise from the field. This close partnership has led to a significant number of advancements over the past three years and has been of great benefit to both parties, who are very excited to see what future technologies.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
import * as React from "react"
import getLogger from "common/log/Logger"
import {IThemedProperties, NestedStyles} from "renderer/styles/ThemedStyles"
import {StyledComponent} from "renderer/components/elements/StyledComponent"
import * as highlight from "highlight.js"
//import 'highlight.js/styles/github.css'
import {useEffect, useRef} from "react"
import * as _ from 'lodash'
const log = getLogger(__filename)

function highlightCode(element:HTMLElement):void {
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}

interface P extends IThemedProperties {
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  value: string
  language: string
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export default function EpicCodeBlock(props: P): React.ReactElement
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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