March 17, 2019: After more than six years of delays, Poland has placed an order for twenty HIMARS (High Mobility Artillery Rocket System) vehicles from the American manufacturer Lockheed. This is the initial HIMARS order and ultimately Poland wants to obtain over a hundred HIMARS vehicles and more than a thousand GMLRS (GPS guided MLRS) rockets. This initial order will equip one HIMARs battalion with 18 HIMARS vehicles while the other two will be used for training.
Poland is not buying a lot of GMLRS rockets right now because a new, longer range version is on the way. This will be called TC-GMLRS (Tail Controlled Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System) and will have a range of 135 kilometers. TC-GMLRS has already been successfully tested at ranges up to 110 kilometers. The TC-GMLRS rocket is the same size as the current GMLRS rocket and is designed to be used from existing HIMARS (and older MLRS) vehicles after some changes to the fire control system to accommodate the longer range. Prototype TC-GMLRS rockets underwent several successful test launches in 2018 and production versions are expected in two or three years.
As the name implies, TC-GMLRS moves the guidance fins from the nose to the rear and that alone increases range. A more powerful rocket motor, the same size as the current one, is also in development. By moving the guidance fins to the rear of the rocket TC-GMLRS now had room in the nose of the rocket for laser homing sensors and electronics. This would provide a terminal guidance system for even more precise targeting. The GPS guidance system guarantees the missile will land within a ten meter wide circle while laser guidance allows for much more precision (hitting within a meter of the aiming point). The Americans were the first to put such precise terminal guidance systems into service four decades ago.
The Polish HIMARS order had been delayed since 2012 because a competing Polish Homar ("Lobster") design was under development. HIMARS and GMLRS eventually won the competition because the American system was cheaper and had considerable battlefield experience.
By 2017 Poland had decided to adopt the American GMLRS rocket. Poland wanted to get GMLRS into action quickly and at the lowest possible cost and in 2018 Polish and American analysts concluded that buying the American made HIMARS vehicles rather than building a Polish version was not only cheaper but would be delivered to Polish troops sooner.
For several years Polish defense studies had shown that the state-owned Polish defense industries could deliver a comparable launcher (to HIMARS) and a comparable Polish made GPS guided rocket. The Americans were willing to allow for license built systems, which is quite common when it comes to fellow NATO members. But in early 2018 American and Polish technical experts got together to work out the details and it was discovered that the Polish manufacturers expected to handle adapting the American tech to existing Polish truck-mounted rocket launcher systems would require more time and higher costs than earlier believed. Some of the American tech to be transferred was going to require the construction of new manufacturing facilities and that use of these facilities beyond the HIMARS contract were not guaranteed. The delays alarmed Polish military planners who increasingly saw the precision firepower provided by GMLRS, a combat proven system, becoming more urgent as the Russian threat seemed to grow. A quick recalculation determined that it would now cost about the same, even be a little cheaper to order the HIMARS vehicles rather than integrating HIMARS technology into the existing, and similar Polish Homar rocket system.
The Homar plan looked good on paper as it involved HIMARS launchers mounted on Polish 6x6 trucks rather than the standard HIMARS system mounted on the 6x6 U.S. Army vehicle system that nearby Romania and other export customers purchased. The Homar plan involved buying 25 GMLRS rockets as well as 61 ATACMS rockets, 34 practice rockets and 1,642 GMLRS guidance systems to be fitted to Polish made rockets as well as GMLRS guidance system test and maintenance systems. This $250 million sale was to enable Poland to build a Polish version of HIMARS launchers under license and integrate the Polish HIMARS with Polish artillery fire control systems using NATO standards. But in the end, the Polish military commanders made a compelling argument that the Russian threat would not wait for the American tech to be adopted by Polish manufacturers and the quickest and most effective solution was HIMARS and GMLRS. Polish manufacturers had long experience with MLRS systems and in adopting new technology. In a decade Polish firms would be offering competitive local designs that could safely complement and then replace the HIMARS/GMLRS.
Most export customers find that the American made $5 million HIMARS truck mounted MLRS (Multiple Launch Rocket System) is already a bargain. That's what the U.S. Army and Marines found when they adopted HIMARS, which carries only one, six MLRS rocket pod instead of two in the original larger, tracked, MLRS vehicle. Initially, a major attraction was that the 12-ton truck could fit into a C-130 transport (unlike the 22 ton tracked MLRS) and was much cheaper to operate. The first HIMARS entered service in 2005, about a year after GMLRS (GPS guided MLRS rockets) did. The two new innovations worked well together and were a major reason for the success of the GMLRS and the HIMARS rocket launcher. The U.S. no longer buys the tracked MLRS or unguided MLRS rockets.
Poland, like most HIMARS and MLRS users, are now only buying guided rockets. Poland had originally planned to integrate longer range (150-499 kilometer) Homar guided rockets it was already developing into the American HIMARS system. Poland was a major weapons manufacturer during the Cold War when it was occupied by Russian military forces and secret police. During that period Poland produced Russian weapons under license and gradually developed improved versions of the Russian designs. Now even the Russians and Chinese are copying the success of HIMARS/GMLRS.
It turned out that the tech the HIMARS used was pretty powerful, enabling HIMARS to operate (move, receive a target order and launch the GMLRS) using as few as one of the normal three man crew. All that tech is great and Poland would still like to build it under license but the army needed the HIMARS capability now, not later.
Since joining NATO in 1999 Poland has largely replaced Russian weapons with Western ones or upgraded Russian systems to NATO standards. That alone created a new business opportunity for Polish defense firms and Poland is again becoming a major arms producer. Thus it was no surprise that Poland wanted to build its own version of the guided MLRS rockets, a weapon that had been in service since 2004 as GMLRS. Like the unguided version, the GMLRS is packaged and used in containers (pods) holding six rockets each. The fire control system was upgraded to handle precision targeting rather than just a general area. Poland already builds several truck-mounted rocket systems but these still use unguided rockets. Moving up to HIMARS type launch vehicles and GMLRS type rockets was seen as the future and it still is. Getting there just turned out to take longer than the Polish Army thought necessary.
Since 2004 over 3,000 GMLRS rockets have been fired in combat. These guided rockets cost about $100,000 each and have been very successful. That has meant even less work for tube artillery, which had dominated the battlefield since the 17th century. The Polish GMLRS rockets will be based on existing Polish rockets and eventually be cheaper to manufacture. Meanwhile, the U.S. manufacturer has had to resume (after a brief halt) and increase production of the M142 American HIMARS vehicle system for the growing number of export customers.
The 309 kg (680 pound) GMLRS missile is a GPS guided 227mm rocket. It was designed to have a range of 70 kilometers and the ability to land within meters of its intended target, at any range. This is possible because it uses GPS (plus a backup inertial guidance system) to find the target location it was programmed with. In 2008 the army tested GMLRS at max range (about 85 kilometers) and found that it worked fine. This enables one MLRS/HIMARS vehicle to provide support over a frontage of 170 kilometers, or, in places with wide open spaces, like the Eurasian Plains Poland shares with Russia, HIMARS can provide precision fire support over an area of about 20,000 square kilometers. This is a huge footprint for a single weapon (an individual MLRS/HIMARS vehicle), and fundamentally changes the way you deploy artillery in combat. By way of comparison, Excalibur (GPS guided 155mm shell) has a max range of 37 kilometers, and 120mm GPS guided mortars about 7.5 kilometers.
Soon after GMLRS rockets became available it became obvious (to users) that the 89 kg (196 pound) M31A1 high explosive ("unitary") warhead was preferable (and a lot cheaper) than the planned cluster bomblet warheads. About half of the unitary warhead weight is actual explosives. That's twice as much explosive as the U.S. Air Force 130 kg (285 pound) SDB (Small Diameter Bomb). A 155mm artillery shell has 6.6 kg of explosives, and the 500 pound (227 kg) bomb has 127 kg of explosives, which produced an excessive blast for many urban combat situations. The GMLRS seemed to be just right most of the time.
GMLRS has been used with great success in Iraq, Syria and Afghanistan, where most have been fired so far. The guided rocket is much more effective than the older, unguided, version, and has replaced it for most users. The accuracy of GMLRS means that one rocket does the job that previously required a dozen or more of the unguided ones. That's why HIMARS is so popular. While HIMARS only carries six rockets, that's often enough to last for days in places like Afghanistan, even when there's a lot of combat.
Because of precision weapons like GMLRS and smart bombs, since the end of the Cold War in 1991, the U.S. Army has drastically reorganized and reduced its artillery force. At the end of the Cold War most artillery was conventional "tube" artillery. That meant towed 105mm, 155mm and 203mm howitzers and self-propelled 175mm, 155mm and 203mm howitzers. The MLRS, a 12 tube 227mm unguided rockets was just entering service when the Cold War ended. In the 1990s it became obvious that smart bombs (JDAM) first used in the 1991 Gulf War were more effective than artillery, and that led to a major shift away from using artillery. By 2004 over 40 tube artillery battalions had been disbanded.
Noting the success of GMLRS, Russia and China have developed and put into service their own GPS guided rockets. Russia has long led in the design of new rocket systems was is playing catchup when it comes to using guided rockets. The multiple rocket launcher was first developed by the Russians before World War II as a cheap alternative to massed artillery fire by individual guns. Long seen as a supplement to regular artillery, the introduction of the high tech U.S. MLRS rocket system in the 1980s began to make a lot of conventional artillery obsolete even before GMLRS came along. Of course, artillery has always been ripe for innovation. The U.S. 175mm gun, introduced in the 1960s, was rendered obsolete in the 1980s with the introduction of special long range ammo for the 203mm (8 inch) howitzer. The U.S. Army stopped using the 175mm gun in the 1970s. When the MLRS entered service, one of the three batteries in each division's 203mm howitzer battalion was equipped with MLRS units instead. But MLRS proved so effective that the 203mm howitzer battalion became an MLRS battalion and the 203mm gun was dropped by the U.S. Army.
There were always non-divisional MLRS battalions, as the MLRS was seen, from the beginning, as an ideal weapon for massed artillery fire. The Gulf War allowed the MLRS to show off what a potent weapon it could be. The larger rockets also provided room for more complex payloads (cluster and "smart" munitions) and guidance systems. This was another example of how technology can transform an old weapon. While the Russians have been using rocket launchers for over 70 years, they never got around to enhancing their effectiveness with a lot of technology until recently and then only because they noted others were doing so and succeeding. Now everyone is changing their artillery forces and adapting to the use of many fewer guided projectiles.


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The unit is a single storey building, being a steel portal frame, clad in brick and part metal sheet.
Front designated tarmacadamed yard with parking facilities.
Mains water, drainage and three phase electricity are connected to the property.
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The property has an Energy Performance Certificate with a rating of D.
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Contenu: Adaptation de la grammaire latine de Priscien.
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One.Thing.Less AG empowers and enables individuals around the world to regain control over their personal data in an easy and secure way.
James Aschberger (Founder and CEO of One.Thing.Less AG) came to Liip with the dream to enable people all over the world to regain control over the use of their personal data, in one tap, and without the need to have a law degree, or hours of spare time to read through hundreds of pages of privacy policies!
The hidden legal complexity about this product was huge, but James wanted Liip to create a one-click solution for the end user. It had to rely on a secure platform from end-to-end. It needed to be itself GDPR compliant — obviously. And it had to be able to scale quickly around the globe to comply with a "big-bang" launch.
These were the requirements we got out of our first meeting with One.Thing.Less AG in January 2018.
For all of our projects, no matter the company size, we always start by the end user.
We use a well-oiled process for this called the "5S methodology" that contains five steps (all starting with an S, hence the name): Strategy, Scope, Structure, Skeleton, and Surface.
Our main goal with this is to deep dive into the end user needs, and to understand the company business goals as if we founded it.
We developed both iOS and Android apps using native technologies (respectively Swift and Kotlin) in order to ensure a smooth user interface.
On the back-office and API sides, we went with Ruby on Rails which is our team's web framework of choice for ensuring high modularity and development efficiency.
All this relies on the infrastructure of Amazon Web Services (aka AWS). A choice that was easy to make when you look for a reliable, scalable, secure, and GDPR-compliant hosting partner that offers many plug-and-play services.
As GDPR is a hot political topic, and because Apple has strict (and sometimes unpredictable) guidelines for its App Store, we didn't want to risk to be rejected a few days before the launch date, killing the product even before it existed.
We hence raised the deadline challenge: to push a pre-release version of the iOS app one month in advance.
But thanks to techniques like User Story Mapping and MVP, we could create a prioritized roadmap that was satisfying both James and Apple (as the pre-release must be a fully functional product).
And as we use Scrum on every of our projects — One.Thing.Less being no exception — we could deliver, test, and learn from a functional product every two weeks.
We made it on time, one month in advance.
In order to increase the trust in One.Thing.Less to help people take control over the use of their personal data, James decided to do a SOC (Services Organization Controls) audit by Ernst & Young.
This was done in parallel of the ongoing design and development cycles. And it wasn't a problem, as these extra-meetings went smoothly. Why? Because the framework provided by Scrum and our Liip tools are well structured and transparent.
Even if it added some overhead, we see this exercice as a confirmation that we at Liip are on a good track when it comes to provide quality and trustful services to both our clients and end-users.
Instead of trying to convince you about the result, we think it's best if you can judge by yourself.
Below are the main screenshots of the app workflow. If you want to have a deeper look, feel free to download the app.
One.Thing.Less is a strong flagship product for Liip. For one because it represents well why we exist: to enable digital progress. And second, because it's the perfect example of how we best embody our purpose: by establishing trustful partnership with our customers.
We're proud to be able to claim that "GDPR isn't yet another complex law". It's now actionable to help you take back control on your privacy, with one tap.
Once our idea was clear, the biggest challenge was to identify the right UX and technical team to bring it to life. Being a small startup, the chemistry needs to be right and the team mindset needs to be diverse. After meeting with Liip, I had a strong feeling about the team and their technical expertise, but most importantly also the right spirit and determination to bring this idea into a tangible product.
One.Thing.Less AG startup chooses Liip as digital partner to empower individuals around the world to regain control over the use of their personal data.
One.Thing.Less went live on Friday 25.05.2018. Finally an app to regain control over the use of your personal data made for you and me, not only law scholars. Download it now!


text:
È stato a capo del Meretz-Yachad negli anni 2003-2008. È noto per la sua partecipazione agli accordi di Oslo.

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Studenti dell'Università di Tel Aviv

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


FLINT, MI -- He set out to buy a house, and ended up tearing one down.
Author Gordon Young's efforts to tear down a vacant home in an otherwise kept-up Flint neighborhood came to fruition Tuesday, Nov. 11, as construction crews demolished a house on Park Belt Drive.
His book on Flint, "Teardown: Memoir of a Vanishing City," chronicled in part his failed attempt to buy a house in the city where he grew up (Young now lives in San Francisco).
Young said he wanted to complete the project by tearing down a house in a neighborhood that needed it. Through a crowdfunding campaign and working with the Genesee County Land Bank, he raised more than $10,000 to demolish the house.
"More than 150 people showed they care about Flint by making a donation.This is really a testament to all the care and hard work the residents of Parkbelt Drive have put into their homes and their block," Young said. "They may not be able to influence the corporate decisions or U.S. trade policies that contributed to the layoffs that damaged Flint so profoundly, but they are doing everything they can to preserve their neighborhood. I'm just glad I could help them out in some small way."
The house is in a north side neighborhood, at 6608 Parkbelt Drive. It's the lone vacant house on an otherwise healthy street. It's been sitting vacant for years, has attracted squatters and teenagers skipping school, and burned last year.
The Land Bank managed the demolition of the home and contributed $3,444.22 toward the effort.


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UpCounty is Home to Many MoCo Heritage Days Events
As Montgomery County prepares to celebrate Heritage Days Weekend this coming weekend, June 25 and 26, many local historical sites are preparing to accept visitors wanting to go back in time and visit the early days of Montgomery County.
For 18 years, the last weekend in June has meant it is time for Heritage Days. This countywide festival has something to appeal to visitors of all ages and interests. With over 35 sites all around Montgomery County open with free admission for Heritage Days Weekend. Sites are open from noon to 4:00 pm unless otherwise indicated. In addition to Civil War and agricultural history, the stories of local railroads and trolleys, African American communities, life along the C&O Canal, astronomy, and much more are featured.
Heritage Days also highlights local arts & culture as well as outdoor recreation, including biking, hiking, and walking tours. Many venues offer musical entertainment, activities and crafts for children, and refreshments.
In the Germantown area, on Saturday and Sunday the Boyds Negro School will be open to public. The Negro School, which is not often open, is a one-room school house which was for African-American children at turn-of-the-century. The interior of the school is exactly how it would have been with wooden desks and the chalkboard.
The Boyds Negro School is located at 19510 White Ground Road, it served as the only public school for African Americans in the Boyds area from 1895-1936. The schoolhouse served students in grades 1-8, many of whom walked for miles to attend classes at the school.
Residents can also experience early life in Montgomery County at the Button Farm Living History Center at 16820 Black Rock Road in Germantown. Visitors can see examples of plantation life in 1850s Maryland including an heirloom garden, heritage breed animals, newly restored period buildings, and slave cemetery. Demonstrations, petting zoo, and Underground Railroad passport activities for visitors of all ages.
Visitors to the Maryland SoccerPlex who have wondered what the white barn in the middle of the park was, can discover the MOOseum and learn about the history of dairy farming in Montgomery County. Exhibits include a Ford Model T milk delivery truck, wooden milk wagon, model railroad, and life-sized model cows; playroom & crafts. Saturday only: Balloon Man makes balloons for children from noon- 2:00 pm. Sunday only: Miss Regina's music activity from 1:00 pm to 2:00 pm for children ages 1-4, and butter churning from 2:00 pm to 3:00 pm.
Visitors can stop by the Damascus Heritage Museum at 9701 Main Street on Saturday to learn about town history and how the town, streets, and buildings got their names. "Then and Now" exhibit features historical artifacts and photographs of Damascus and the surrounding area.
Visitors in the Clarksburg area can check out the Hyattstown Mill, at 14920 Hyattstown Mill Road in Clarkburg beginning at 10:00 am on both Saturday and Sunday. See the new "Dwellings" art exhibit in the gallery of the historic mill; crafts for children. Art demonstrations and crafts for children. Saturday: Artists' reception from 2:00 to 4:00 pm with live bluegrass & country swing music by Tumbleweeds at 3:00 pm. Sunday: Live guitar music by Jim Wagner.
On Saturday, also in Clarksburg, visitors can learn about the historic churches of Clarksburg at the Clarksburg United Methodist Church at 23245 Spire Street. Visit a historic 1909 church and National Historic Register two-room schoolhouse. Activities include local history exhibits, cemetery tour, classic cars, children's games and activities, moon bounce, music, and more. Free trolley rides from the church to the schoolhouse. Refreshments for sale.
On Sunday, the Historic Germantown Bank, at 19320 Mateny Hill Road in Germantown (near the MARC Train Station) will be open. Visit the 1922 bank, bank, with a walk-in vault and period safe deposit boxes. See the exhibit, Germantown History and enjoy guided walking tours of Historic Germantown, a railroad town dating to the 1880s.
On Saturday, the Piscataway Conoy Tribe will perform traditional Native American dances and talk about their heritage. Tribe members will be in full ceremonial regalia with authentic musical instruments at the Monocacy Aqueduct on the C&O Canal at Mouth of Monocacy Road in Dickerson.
In Poolesville, both Saturday and Sunday, visitors can go to the John Poole House on 19923 Fisher Avenue in Poolesville and see the 1793 log cabin was built to serve as a general store and trading post; it is the oldest building in Poolesville. Civil War artifacts, children's crafts, and refreshments.
Also in Poolesville, the Poolesville Museum at 19933 Fisher Avenue will be open. This 100 year-old restored bank includes an ornate, early 20th-century bank vault with decorative painting. The documentaries Life in a War Zone: Montgomery County during the Civil War and Growing Legacy, about the Agricultural Reserve, will be shown.
The Seneca Schoolhouse Museum will also be open on Saturday and Sunday at 16899 River Road in Poolesville. Class will be in session in this restored 1880s one room schoolhouse, with a period costumed teacher. Classroom activities, games, and refreshments.
For a complete listing of all the Heritage Days events happening throughout Montgomery County this weekend, visit the Heritage Days Web site.
Photos courtesy of the Heritage Tourism Alliance of Montgomery County

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Saturday 1330 // The freshly patched Roster 062 joins past finishers and Selection 019 Cadre.
Saturday 1300 // Meet Selection 019 Finisher, Roster 062.
Saturday 1126 // One lonely, long walk.
Saturday 0900 // The Long Walk hits the beach.
Saturday 0727 // Hours in, Candidate 062 continues The Long Walk. Slowly.
Saturday 0634 / Long Walk Continues.
Saturday 0155 // The Long Walk is about to begin.
Friday 2230 – Saturday 0130 // 062 still going strong. Shovel and dirt.
Friday 2119 hours // candidate 062 continues to fight.
Friday 2038 // The water is deep. Sink or swim, 062.
Friday 1921 // The sun sets on 062. Stay tuned.
Friday 1705 // 062 remains. Next evolution.
Friday 1605 / The last one standing. 062 has just started the run. Undisclosed distance and time. It's hot, really hot.
Friday 1530 // And then there was one.
Friday 1500 // After a tough fight, Roster 028 fell victim to Welcome Party 2. One Remains.
Friday 1445 // Hour 26.
Friday 1428 // 062 and 028 are still in it. After passing the 24 hour mark, they just finished up with their med rest, time to begin the second Welcome Party.
Friday 1300 / 24 hour mark. 2 still remain.
Friday 1246 // 028 and 062 crushed Murph. Approaching the 24 hour mark now which means a well earned, but brief break.
Friday 1118 – 1220 // As the Murph finishes up and we approach the 24 hour mark, still two remain.
Friday 1110 / Two left. Time for Murph.
Friday 1110 // At the 22 hour mark, two remain. Quick safety first med check (including checking out the color of their urine) with water refill before the next evolution, which will be The Murph. Substituting dips for pull-ups.
Friday 0947 // Two remain. It's hot, the Cadre are keeping them cool (sort of).
Friday 0937 / We're Down to the final two. 062 and 028 still in the game. 27+ hours to go.
Friday 0726 to 0927 // Sunrise and shift change.
Friday 0820 // It pays to be a winner except when it doesn't. Roster 068 drops when he can't lift the 80lb sandbag anymore during the sandbag throw evolution. Only 2 remain.
Friday 0730 // We're down to 3. Tough as nails, 060 is out.
Friday 0700 // Four remaining doing work before sunrise.
Friday 0432 // Four remain.
Friday 0330 // We are down to 4. Certainly not for lack of heart, but both 046 and 064 are out.
Friday 0124 / 038 is out. We're down to 6.


Study filmmaking in the world's documentary capital. This full-time, intensive, one-year graduate program prepares students for employment in documentary media professions and culminates with a student documentary festival.
The Documentary Media Studies program at The New School provides an opportunity to study documentary filmmaking — production and theory — in a small, tightly focused program in New York City. This is a full-time, daytime intensive one-year curriculum. The program culminates in a student documentary festival, Truth Be Told, at the end of each school year, at which certificate students' films are publicly screened and discussed by the filmmakers and faculty.
Timeline to Completion: This certificate requires a 1-year commitment to on-campus coursework.
Access to master classes with directors-in-residence.
The program is also appropriate for anyone aspiring to enter a technical documentary media profession as an editor, field producer, cinematographer, director, or researcher..
The program is also appropriate for anyone aspiring to enter an industry position in media distribution, museum programming, festival organization, or broadcast productions.
Applicants should have a baccalaureate degree from an accredited college or university.


If you ask our students, they will say the food at MA is the best in town! Our students enjoy the delicious entrées and our parents feel good that their children are eating nutritious and healthy made-from-scratch food.
Meet Head Chef Laura DuBois and Chef Holly Nolan, and you will learn that it is a top priority for each student to have a lunch that supports his or her dietary requirements. Our food service is provided by Taher Corporation, which has a strong reputation, built over 30 years, for providing high quality food and exceptional service.
Each student has a lunch account with Taher. Money can be deposited into the account in person (in the dining hall) or online.


text:
Heyshott
Book click for
index The Rother Valley Guide
The Heyshott Book
1700 To The Present Day
In the three hundred years since 1700, Heyshott has changed from being a small agricultural community to an attractive residential village. At the start of the period, the manor of Heyshott, which had been held by a succession of gentry families from the reign of Elizabeth I, was in the hands of George Cocquerell. His family gave its name to a large lake, held in by a dam and originally covering six acres to the north of Polecats, which is now a marshy woodland area.
An important change occured in 1761 when Charles Wyndham, the second Earl of Egremont, a descendant of the Percys, bought the manor. He was at the time a Secretary of State in Lord Bute's ministry. The community in Heyshott, now led by yeoman dynasties which had flourished over several generations, was once again linked to a large estate owned by the long association between the Wyndhams of Petworth and Heyshott.
Religious divisions were becoming less important by the eighteenth century, although there is a record of the Rector, John Peachey, buying eight acres of furze fields from the executors of a Catholic in 1743. The Montagues of Cowdray were staunch Catholics and concern about papists was still strong enough for Quarter sessions to be required by statute to record the buying and selling of land by Catholics. The 1715 and 1745 rebellions attempted to restore the Catholic Stuarts, but Heyshott was a long way from the military action.
Since the sixteenth century, the ecclesiastical parish had gradually replaced the manor in importance in village life. The Tudors used the church structure to create a system of local government at village level to stand alongside the feudal structure, dependant on the nobility and their manors. The unpaid parish churchwardens were accountable to the county justices for the administration of the Poor Law by the overseers of the poor, for the collection of taxes and rates, and for the appointment of constables and tythingmen who were paid fees when called upon for law enforcement.
Looking back from the 19th century, the writer William Cobbett regarded the 18th century village as a stable, benevolent community. Although Cobbett never visited Heyshott in the course of his rural rides, he visited East Dean and Singleton. Similarly, Gilbert White gives a picture of rural stability in his description of 18th century Selborne. In Heyshott, in the 1750s, up to six people were helped each month with money or goods by the overseers of the poor at a total annual cost of £60, collected from the property holders as a poor rate. Money was paid to householders to keep elderly or disabled people or children who were paupers.
Heyshott Book
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The Rother Valley Guide is part of Gravelroots based at Fernhurst on the Sussex, Surrey & Hampshire border.
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text:
Home | Artists | Jonas Wood | Untitled (2015) By Jonas Wood
Untitled (2015) By Jonas Wood
Jonas Wood takes a fresh take on interiors and landscapes, using representational style, with pointillist dots, dense patterns, and fauvist palettes. His subject matter ranges from household objects, to the inside of his studio, and even family members. He describes himself as a clipper, sharing, ""I have a lot of photos on my computer. I have books and magazines I've collected. I get into modes where I'm researching my sources" and taking this inspiration to his artworks.
Born in 1977, Jonas Woods was raised in Boston, Massachusetts. He graduated from Hobart and William Smith Colleges in 1999 where he studied Psychology. His murals and solo exhibitions include "Primitives: Chris Caccamise and Jonas Wood," Cereal Art, Philadelphia (2007); "Hammer Projects: Jonas Wood," Hammer Museum, Los Angeles (2010); "Clippings," Lever House Art Collection, New York (2013–14); "Shelf Still Life," High Line Art, Friends of the High Line, New York (2014); LA><ART Facade, Los Angeles (2014); and "Still Life with Two Owls," Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (2016). Wood's work is included in the permanent collections of the Museum of Modern Art, New York; Solomon R. Guggenheim, New York; Whitney Museum of American Art, New York; Hammer Museum, Los Angeles; The Broad, Los Angeles; Los Angeles County Museum of Art; Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles; and Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago.
Wood currently lives and works in Los Angeles.
Antiquity (Ariadne Titian Bacchus Popcorn) by Jeff Koons
Pop Crocodile by Richard Orlinski
On Me Not In Me By Harland Miller
The Souls II Purple by Damien Hirst
Ethidium Bromide by Damien Hirst
For the Love of God (Lenticular) by Damien Hirst


As the summer begins to dwindle down, the motorcycle rallies continue to rev up! What a wonderful time to enjoy a new ride to check out the upcoming rallies.
Here's a few on our radar this week, do you have any you'd like to share or recommend to your fellow bikers?
—And if you're looking to stretch your legs after your ride there is a 5k run/walk benefit.
Spyder not required to participate in these breathtaking rides. Boasting scenic views of Lake Tahoe, Yosemite National Park and more, all promising to provide gorgeous sights and a taste of the history of the Gold Rush 49ers. A historic journey sure to be an unforgettable adventure. More details right here.
With a variety of musical entertainment, helicopter tours, a karaoke Contest and—Tractor and Motorized Barstool Races. Now that's something worth checking out!
Yep, the Tomahawk Fall Ride sounds like it's a one of a kind rally you don't want to miss.
Meet fellow motorcycle fanatics and check out a new ride, or sell your own. A great day to ogle tons of beautiful bikes and a nice excuse for a road trip.
Don't forget to dress for your excursion with GothRider's eye-catching Beautiful Stainless Steel Skull Wrench In Flames Belt Buckle.
We'd love to hear details in the comments about your all-time favorite rally!


An edition of this work has been acquired by the Hammer Museum Contemporary Collection and the Julia Stoschek Collection.
The 6 part video series Exitscape is produced by Martti Kalliala and Daniel Keller, in collaboration with a team of animators working in the video game engine CryEngine. Using a variety of sourced and original material, the videos join together to form a continuously looping aerial view of a speculative 'patchwork' landscape. The landscape renderings depict a neo-feudal society of competing experimental city-states, forced to compete at land and at sea. Existscape follows an idea popularised in Neil Stephenson's Diamond Age and elaborated on in neoreactionary blogger Mencius Moldbug's Patchwork: a positive vision, Zach Weinersmith's Polystate and Patri Friedman's Seasteading Institute. The formation of this scenario is informed heavily by the idea of 'dynamic geography', and states along with other political entities which possess a fluid spatial relationship, either mobilised by water or designed with modular mobility in mind.


This Miso Three Quarter Sleeve Bodycon Dress is a stylish design that will never go out of fashion. Crafted with a block coloured design that offers a great fit thanks to its stretchy fabric. This dress is a midi fit that is teamed with long sleeves and a rounded neck.


The scientific focus of the seminar will be on the foundations and applications of relativistic geodesy. In particular on fundamental notions and methods, modeling of experiments and missions, and the interpretation of current and future experiments. Topics to be covered are: Relativistic approximation methods, relativistic definitions of geodetic notions, methods for clock comparison, reference systems, satellite geodesy, modeling of positioning systems, modeling of clocks and clock networks, high-precision models of earth's gravity field, tests of gravitational theories, realization of a global time scale, interferometric methods, de-correlation of observational data, present and future space missions, as well as technical aspects and future developments of positioning systems.
This 609. WE-Heraeus-Seminar will take place at the Physikzentrum, Bad Honnef, Germany. More details and contact information can be found on the seminar webpage.
We particularly encourage students and young researchers to participate in this seminar. There are no conference fees. The living expenses (overnight costs and meals) for all selected participants will be covered by the WE-Heraeus foundation. Since the number of participants to this seminar is limited we encourage early registrations (registration deadline: 15 December 2015).
This seminar is organized by D. Puetzfeld (ZARM, U Bremen) and C. Laemmerzahl (ZARM, U Bremen), and is generously funded by the WE-Heraeus-Foundation.


Make sure every beverage you serve is branded with your name and logo. Our 20oz White Paper Hot Cups are perfect circulating your name and product in an economical and creative way. The custom printed option allows you to save space and cash by ordering as little as one case of 20oz paper coffee cups. If you are looking for additional insulation, pair them with our custom printed coffee sleeves to ensure a comfortable and safe experience for your customers.
Our 20oz paper cups feature a tightly rolled rim and a poly-lined interior to prevent leaking and keep your customers clean and safe. Due to its strength and durability, this cup is sure to be a must-have for any restaurant, coffee shop, or special event. Our paper coffee cups with logos are available in sizes 4oz to 24oz.


The advent of UEFA football in Gibraltar has created a new world of opportunities for Gibraltar's sportsmen and women. Along with basketball, cricket and other associations, Gibraltar sport continues to develop its international presence through a series of dedicated, focused and impassioned processes of persuading international bodies of Gibraltar's place amongst their memberships.
The legal processes involved in the negotiation and entering into of contracts with sporting clubs and sponsors can be overwhelming for a young sportsman or woman looking to secure his or her future.
As individuals, you need a team of experts on your side who can advise you in respect of not just the legal aspects of entering into these relationships, but also the commercial realities of the sports industry that you may be struggling to grapple with.
Entering into agreements trying you down to long -term and onerous conditions early in your career can get in the way of your progress in later years. Legal advice like ours isn't just relevant when you 'make the big time,' it's just as crucial when you're starting out.
Why ISOLAS as my Sports and/or Entertainment Lawyers?
ISOLAS has extensive experience in contract law preparation and negotiation including but not limited to sports leisure and entertainment activities.
We represent various local and international sports personalities and can draw from our experience to obtain the best possible conditions for anyone wanting to formalise their engagement with a sporting institution. We are able to provide sporting agents the legal backing they need to ensure that their clients are getting the best solution.


The Healthcare Resort is looking to change that perception. Currently, it has locations in Kansas, Colorado and Texas. The company recently broke ground in Lehi and expects that facility to be up and running inside of a year.


text:
CICERO expands work with green bonds
News - News from CICERO
Christa Clapp Senior Advisor
Harald Francke Lund Senior Advisor
BY: Elisabeth Lannoo
After several years of exclusive cooperation with Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken and recently with HSBC, CICERO will now also provide second opinions to other issuers and underwriters of green bonds. As the market for green bonds is expanding rapidly, the need for independent, research-based assessments of green bond frameworks is growing too.
CICERO Second Opinions help issuers and investors to identify which investments are really contributing to a low-carbon shift. The interest for green bonds is growing, especially after the Paris Agreement. Therefore, we are happy to expand the range of organisations we can work with.
Kristin halvorsen, director
What is a Second Opinion?
Green bonds are debt instruments to channel investments towards green assets and activities that counter climate change. Second opinions evaluate the greenness of the bond by providing an independent assessment of the bond's and issuer's environmental objectives.
With nearly sixty second opinions of experience, CICERO has played a central role in developing the green bond market. Since the launch of the first green bond in 2008 by the World Bank, CICERO has worked with SEB – one of the world's biggest underwriter of green bonds, to ensure that green bonds really contribute to building a low-carbon and climate-resilient society.
Opening up to more partners
As the market for green bonds is expanding rapidly, CICERO and SEB have mutually agreed to start working with other partners also. From 1 February, CICERO will provide second opinions to all issuers of green bonds except commercial banks. From 1 April, CICERO will also provide second opinions to commercial banks with headquarters in the Nordic countries. By the end of this year, CICERO can work with any client. At the same time, SEB's clients may also seek a second opinion from someone else than CICERO.
CICERO is grading its independent reviews of green bond frameworks dark green, medium green or light green. These Shades of Green give investors a clear signal, to which extent a project is contributing to building a low-carbon and climate resilient society by 2050. The grading builds on a broad qualitative assessment of each project and reflects both the climate and environmental ambitions of the bond and the robustness of the governance structure.
CICERO Second Opinions strive to avoid locking-in of emissions in long-term investments and support a shift towards low- or zero-emitting infrastructure.
Global expertise
To serve its global client base, CICERO has established a network of independent, non-profit climate research institutions across the globe. Using the CICERO Second Opinion as a model, members of the Expert Network on Second Opinions contribute with their technical and regional climate expertise on a confidential basis.
For more information on CICERO second opinions, e-mail to greenbonds@cicero.oslo.no.


text:
Sabres' Jeff Skinner out 3-4 Weeks With Upper Body Injury
December 28, 2019 by The Canadian Press
BUFFALO, N.Y. — Buffalo Sabres forward Jeff Skinner will miss three to four weeks because of an upper body injury.
The team did not provide any other details in announcing the update Saturday, a day after Skinner was injured in a 3-0 loss to Boston. Skinner did not return following a collision in which he led with his right shoulder while attempting to check Bruins forward David Pastrnak in front of the Sabres bench about four minutes into the third period. Skinner was slow to get up and immediately left the ice for the locker room.
The injury occurred during Skinner's 700th career game, and following an off-season in which he signed an eight-year, $72 million contract in becoming Buffalo's second highest-paid player.
Skinner scored a career-best 40 goals and added 23 assists in his first year with the Sabres last year.
Jeff Skinner, Buffalo Sabres (Amy Irvin / The Hockey Writers)
The 10-year veteran has been inconsistent this season while adjusting to a second-line role after spending most of last season playing alongside captain Jack Eichel.
Skinner has just 11 goals and eight assists in 39 games. He was in the midst of an 11-game stretch in which he's produced just one assist.
More AP NHL: https://apnews.com/NHL and https://twitter.com/AP_Sports
Categories Buffalo Sabres Tags Jeff Skinner


Haiku submitted should be in accordance with the haiku spirit, sensibility and phrasing discussed in About Autumn Moon Haiku Journal. Please read this updated section prior to submitting.
Send 1 to 3 original unpublished haiku for each issue through email (Subject line: Autumn Moon Haiku Journal) in the body of the email, no attachments allowed, to: tanchopress@gmail.com. You may also send by letter addressed to: Bruce Ross, 499 Broadway, PMB 127, Bangor, ME 04401, USA.
Write each haiku in your original language, if not English, with an English translation, which might be smoothed out by the editors.
Each haiku should be structured in three short/long/short horizontal lines, though one line horizontal haiku will be considered.
If seasonal, the haiku submitted should be in accordance with the seasons of the issue for which it is submitted.
Deadlines for submission: Autumn/Winter, November 1st & Spring/Summer, May 1st.
The journal is not responsible for plagiarized haiku, intentional or unintentional, though the haiku poet's sincerity in this matter is of course expected as you are expressing your own sensibility and insight.


text:
What Next? Children's Rights in Scotland
£ Price
Free, but booking required to receive link to Zoom There is no charge to attend although, The Crichton Foundation welcomes donations at any time to support their charitable work. Telephone: Please call 01387 702048 with your credit or debit card details (there is no additional charge for payments made by this method) Online: Please email us at mail@crichtonfoundation.com with details of your donation BACS payment to: Clydesdale Bank Sort code: 82.62.12 Account No: 50382367 Reference: Your surname Post: Please send your cheque (payable to Crichton Foundation) to Crichton Foundation, Browne House, Bankend Road, Dumfries DG1 4ZZ
BOOK NOW	Email
Tel: 01387 702048 or 07871 475930 or Email: mail@crichtonfoundation.com
Hosted by The Crichton Foundation and sponsored by The Open University in Scotland
The Crichton Foundation presents a Crichton Conversation with Bruce Adamson
The Open University in Scotland Lecture will take place on Tuesday 18th January 2022, 7:30pm on Zoom
Bruce Adamson is a lawyer with over 20 years of experience in human rights. He has been the Children and Young People's Commissioner Scotland since 2017, responsible for promoting and safeguarding the rights of children and young people across Scotland.
Prior to his appointment as Commissioner, he was a member of Scotland's Children's Panel for 13 years, working directly with children in need of care in protection or in conflict with the law, listening to their experiences and making decisions about their safety and wellbeing. Bruce co-chaired the Rights working group of Scotland's Independent Care Review and is a former Chair of the Scottish Child Law Centre.
Over the last four years the Commissioner's office has worked closely with children and young people to secure legislative change in relation to the age of criminal responsibility, comprehensive protection for children from physical punishment, and the incorporation of the United Nations Convention of the Rights of the Child into Scots law. They have undertaken strategic litigation on issues relating to child poverty and care experienced children. They have carried out investigations into restraint and seclusion in schools, and children whose liberty is at risk.
Bruce has been Chairperson of the European Network of Ombudspersons for Children (ENOC), which links 43 independent offices for children from 34 countries across Europe, and continues to serve as a member of ENOC's Bureau.
Bruce has acted as an international expert for the United Nations, Council of Europe, European Union, OSCE, and during the Covid-19 pandemic has advised the WHO on children's rights.
Bruce has been a member of international advisory groups on issues such as child human rights defenders, strategic litigation, and reform of the European Court of Human Rights. His research interests include the development and strengthening of Independent Children's Rights Institutions and the role of national parliaments as human rights guarantors.
Bruce was previously the United Nations representative for the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions.
The Crichton Foundation is very grateful to the Open University in Scotland, sponsors of this lecture.


BRG is pleased to offer this sale as the second of three unique collections hailing from a single owner New Jersey "super collector." This eclectic international collection features antique and contemporary rarities, tribal masks, swords, Native American artisanal baskets, violins, and more. This is a fun, eclectic, and unique sale for collectors across all interest areas. Happy bidding!
After Charles M. Russell Bronze Sculpture, "Stagecoach"


In Escape Velocity Nova, a government, also called a faction, is an organized group that has a common goal. Among Nova's various governments are the Polaris, Federation, Rebellion, Aurorans, Vell-os, and the various factions of the Pirates. During the game, you have a choice of joining one of the major (and occasionally one of the minor) factions and gaining access to their ships and equipment. There are three main governments in Nova, and several smaller ones to work for in the course of the game.


text:
Q: How to set kibana index pattern from filebeat? I am using elk stack with a node application. I am sending logs from host to logstash with filebeat, logsstash formats and send data to elastic and kibana reads from elastic. In kibana i see default index pattern like filebeat-2019.06.16.
I want to change this to application-name-filebeat-2019.06.16. But it's not working. I am looking for a way to do it in filebeat since there will be multiple applications/filebeats but one single logstash/elasticsearch/kibana.
I have tried this filebeat configs at filebeat.yml.
filebeat.inputs:
- type: log
  paths:
    - /var/log/*.log
  fields:
    - app_name: myapp

output.logstash:
  index: "%{fields.app_name}-filebeat-%{[agent.version]}-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}"
  hosts: ["${ELK_ENDPOINT}"]
  ssl.enabled: true
  ssl:
    certificate_authorities:
      - /etc/pki/tls/certs/logstash-beats.crt

setup.template.name: "%{fields.app_name}-filebeat-%{[agent.version]}"

same kind of file will be with each of node appication host and filebeat.
also logstash is initialized with this configs
02-beats-input.conf
input {
  beats {
    port => 5044
    codec => "json"
    ssl => true
    ssl_certificate => "/etc/pki/tls/certs/logstash-beats.crt"
    ssl_key => "/etc/pki/tls/private/logstash-beats.key"
  }
}

30-output.conf
filter {
  json {
    source => "message"
  }
}

output {
  elasticsearch {
    hosts => ["localhost"]
    manage_template => false
    index => "%{[@metadata][beat]}-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
    document_type => "%{[@metadata][type]}"
  }
}

it is genarating index pattern like filebeat-2019.06.16. I want something like application-name-filebeat-2019.06.16.

A: You are sending your filebeat logs to logstash, you need to define the index name in the logstash pipeline, not in the filebeat config file.
Try the following output:
output {
  elasticsearch {
    hosts => ["localhost"]
    manage_template => false
    index => "%{[fields][app_name]}-%{[@metadata][beat]}-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
    document_type => "%{[@metadata][type]}"
  }
}

To set the index name on filebeat you would need to send the logs directly to elasticsearch.
If you have other beats sending data to the same port and some of them do not have the field [fields][app_name] you could use a conditional on your output or create the field on your pipeline.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: How to convert this GMT to MDT? I have some GMT times I need to convert to MDT, but the format is a bit odd compared to examples i've seen here and on other pages;
What is the "+00:00" on the end of these times?  and how do I add formatting for it in my strptime statement?
examples:
2014-03-11T15:57:35+00:00
2014-03-12T22:54:16+00:00
2014-03-11T15:18:20+00:00

my current code:
t = datetime.strptime(str(answer[0][0].extendedField[item].value[0][0]), '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S')

the error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./myscript.py", line 79, in <module>
    query_scr(scr)
  File "./myscript.py", line 56, in query_scr
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mortality rates and deprive animals of underbrush to eat.
and waterways and effect forests downstream and downwind.
nutrients, and the exhaustion of natural resources.
adding another level of complexity to the process.
kept by the Forest Service and other government agencies.
more efficient storage methods must constantly be sought.
computer systems across the country and around the world.
information and make it compatible with existing systems.
perhaps the largest area of concern: the scale of models.
ever closer are mostly in the category of "smart" programs.
considered the practical side of artificial intelligence.
One example of such advancements is the neural network.
How does it do that? And we will answer: We don't know.
Bindingnavle-U. Knox-R. Kalb-V. Edited by: Roberts-C-A.
Informatik. Vol. 36, No. 4-5. pp. 20-5. Aug. 1994.
Sensing. Vol. 29, No. 4. pp. 627-38. July 1991.
Homogeneity". Climatic Change. Vol. 13, No. 2. October 1988.
Change. Vol. 28, No. 1-2. October 1994.
Issues, and Next Steps". Climatic Change. Vol. 28, No. 1-2.
Wiley-Interscience. New York . 1977.
Practice: An Introduction with Case Histories.
Monitoring of the State of the Environment: Bioindicators.
IRL Press. Oxford, UK. 1985.
Users Journal. Vol. 14, No. 1.
Star". WIRED. Vol. 3, No. 10.
of Environmental Quality. Ann Arbor Science. Ann Arbor, MI.


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Tag Archives: Operation Martillo
Warship Watch. 'Fun in the sun'? Snowbirds? Venezuela? HMCS Charlottetown sails to Florida
By TONY SEED
(February 11, updated February 13) – About a week ago, the Canadian frigate HMCS Charlottetown departed from Halifax with none of the fanfare accorded two other warships, the HMCS Kingston and HMCS Shawnigan, which were ceremoniously deployed from Halifax to the Gulf of Guinea in West Africa on January 22nd. Continue reading →
Filed under Canada, Caribbean
Tagged as Britain - Royal Navy, Canadian Forces - Maritime Command, More articles by Tony Seed, NATO fleet, Op Caribbe exercise, Operation Martillo, U.S. Navy, U.S. Southcom (Southern Command), Venezuela, War on Drugs, Warship Watch
US Southern Command and the phoney 'War on Drugs': Pretext for ceaseless militarization of the Americas
Fourth in a series of seven articles on the occasion of Harper's visit to Latin America and the Caribbean
HALIFAX (13 August 2007) – THE CANADIAN WARSHIP HMCS Fredericton and an Aurora aircraft were deployed in the Caribbean Sea under the command of the US Joint Interagency Task Force during July. The American Force is based at Key West, Florida, which also serves as a base for the National Security Agency that, in April 2002, centralized communications support for the failed coup d'etat in Venezuela. The Task Force operates as a subordinate command to the US Southern Command (Southcom), Miami – one of the five US military commands that span the globe. Continue reading →
Filed under Caribbean
Tagged as Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Militarization, More articles by Tony Seed, Op Caribbe exercise, Operation Martillo, Paraguay, Shiprider program, U.S. National Security Coouncil, U.S. Navy, U.S. Southcom (Southern Command), Venezuela, War on Drugs


The problem with writing electronic music is that it is normally done through an interface that doesn't always reflect the artists' primary interests. I'll admit, Ableton Live is an excellent tool, and I use it as my primary tool for many creative tasks. However, I need finer control. I need to be able to apply a function to automate a control change sequence of events.
Make the program revolve around minimalism so that the musical structure of the song is defined up-front, and can be dynamically changed using the smaller parts as the main ideas. Like a tracker does with patterns, but more modern.
Having designed image processing software, adapt ideas from this program in terms of visual layout and functionality, but more mouse driven.
Listen to structure of songs and represent them to create test input for the music-generating algorithm.
Generalize enough for other hardware, but also focus on building own hardware explicitly to maximize utility.
Balance the flexibility afforded by old NES programming language MML and the assembly compiler, against its tediousness in writing harmonies. Take advantage of the declarative ability to define musical phrases symbolically.
For the NES triangle, just take an ordinary triangle wave and degrade it to 4bits.


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Why Don't Buses Have Seat Belts?
By: Erika Becklin
Updated on: May 13, 2017
Height requirement for booster seats
How to Secure Wheelchairs on Vans & Buses
How to Remove an Audi TT Seat
How to Remove the Seat on a Honda Accord
Safety harness for children on a motorcycle
school bus arriving image by Jacque Stengel from Fotolia.com
Seat belts are not required on school buses and other large passenger buses because the NHTSA has determined that "compartmentalization" is better at providing protection during a collision. Although not federally mandated, some states require seat belts on buses and some school districts purchase buses with seat belts regardless. This may change soon, as the NTSB and other safety advocates are pushing for seat belts in buses.
The NHTSA contends that because of their size and weight, large school buses distribute forces differently than smaller passenger vehicles. For this reason, passengers experience much less force during a collision than if they were in a car or passenger truck.
The NHTSA, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, oversees federal regulation for seat belts on school buses.
Compartmentalisation
school bus image by Mat Hayward from Fotolia.com
Instead of seat belts, the NTSB requires that large school buses employ a technique called "compartmentalization." Compartmentalisation is why school buses have those tall, green seats. The energy-absorbing, high backs of the seats create compartments in between the seats to prevent children from injury during a collision.
Another explanation for the lack of seat belts on buses is the difficulty they might pose for evacuation during an accident. With the use of compartmentalisation, the NHTSA has determined that seat belts would not help in preventing serious injury.
Seat Belts Required
Seat belts are required on small school buses under 4536kg., and those that carry fewer than 15 passengers. These passenger vehicles are also required to have lap and shoulder belts. In addition, some states have seat belt requirements for buses and some school district purchase buses with seat belts, even when not required.
The National Transportation Safety Board, a separate agency from the NHTSA, strongly recommends a seat belt requirement in buses. They have listed it as one of their "Most Wanted Transportation Safety Improvements." The NTSB expects the new seat belt requirement will come about soon, to protect passengers during the event of a rollover.
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration: Seat Belts on School Buses
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration: Summary of Vehicle Occupant Protections Laws
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration: Occupant Crash Protection
Making the complex understandable, Erika Becklin has written on parenting, education, small business, manufacturing, food service, and travel as a small-business owner and manager since 1996. Her articles appear on eHow and Answerbag. She holds a Bachelor of Arts in English with a focus on professional and technical writing from the University of South Florida.


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We Have the Data to Prove That Things Are Looking Up
By Art B. Laffer
There is little that I can say or write about the current wonderful state of affairs of the U.S. that Debbie Downers can't rebut. If you are hell-bent on making the negative case, there's no changing your mind. But if you're open to facts and logic, there's one hell of a good case to be made for being grateful for all we do have and to be optimistic about the future. And as an 80-year-old economist, I firmly believe that the glass is half full…
I was born in Youngstown, Ohio in 1940 and raised in Cleveland on the shores of Lake Erie. During my formative years, the greater Cleveland City Council coined the statement that Cleveland was "The Best Location in the Nation." Our rebuttal was Cleveland is "The Mistake on the Lake." In fact, the joke back then was that if Christ were to come back to Earth in Cleveland, in order to prove that he were the Christ, he wouldn't have to walk on the water – heck, anyone could walk on the polluted water of Lake Erie – he'd have to sink in the water.
A quote from the time:
"Anyone who falls in the Cuyahoga does not drown. He decays."
(Cleveland citizen quoted in Time magazine, August 1, 1969)
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Surprisingly, only roughly 10% of people in the U.S. have made this move… yet it's already created tens of thousands of millionaires. And with Biden and company about to occupy the White House, this could prove to be the #1 most important financial step you take between now and the end of this year. Get the details here.
The growth of the 19th and 20th centuries was borne by the waterways that transported goods, people, and unfortunately, waste. The Cuyahoga River became so polluted with industrial waste that it caught fire 13 times! Due in part to the 1969 Cuyahoga fire, Congress passed the National Environment Policy Act ("NEPA") in 1970, which led to the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") and the Clean Water Act – the last of which mandated that water be clean enough for humans and fish to safely swim in and devoted funds to cleanup efforts. By the 2000s, the Cuyahoga River and Lake Erie met or exceeded most EPA benchmarks.
Today, Lake Erie is clean. The Cuyahoga River no longer catches fire, and each breath of air in Youngstown is no longer five calories… Even the Hudson River isn't so polluted.
Taxes, Walmart, and Uber
In 1946, the highest federal marginal income tax rate was 94%. That's right, 94%! Imagine the debates in Congress that had to approve such a number. The Conservatives argued that 94% was okay, but 98% would be "gouging." All the while, their Liberal counterparts argued that 90% would be a giveaway to the fat-cat richies. President Harry Truman actually signed that legislation into law.
Today, the highest federal personal income tax rate is 37% and had fallen to a low of 28% under President Reagan. The same pattern applies to the corporate tax rate, which is now at its lowest level (21%) in a century.
In 1976, only one state, Nevada, did not have a state estate tax. Today, 32 states have no estate tax, including California where the inheritance tax was eliminated in June 1982 by a vote of the people (62% support).
The state inventory tax has also all but vanished in the U.S. In 1946, there were only two states that allowed workers to choose if they wanted to belong to a union (the right to work) – Arkansas and Florida. Today, more than half of all states are right-to-work states, including Michigan and Wisconsin if you can believe that. In fact, the percentage of union workers in the U.S. has tumbled.
In the 1950s and 1960s, it was against the law for any store to sell products at a discount below the manufacturer's suggested retail price ("MSRP"). There was no Walmart, Costco, or Home Depot. Deregulation worked miracles, and we're a lot better off as a result. Today, retail price competition is the standard, and consumers are the winners.
Airlines and trucking were deregulated under President Jimmy Carter and championed by Senator Ted Kennedy, if you can believe it. Forty years later, real airline prices have dropped by half, and Americans travel by air five times more frequently. To boot, the reduction in airline prices has not come at the cost of safety, reduced wages, or lower customer satisfaction. And if you think air travel is better, just look at what Uber and Lyft are doing to make taxi prices and services better… Wow!
Fed's Money Printing Unleashes Huge Opportunity
Former hedge fund manager says this unusual investment could soar 500% as the Federal Reserve prints trillions of dollars. Click to find out more…
Zillow, Hospitals, and Alexa
On May 1, 1975, the 183-year era of fixed commissions for stock transactions ended. Negotiated commissions on Wall Street brought commissions for buying and selling a share of stock in a company from 20 cents to way less than a penny. Due to the deregulation, barriers to enter the market were torn down, allowing many more households to invest in the stock market.
Only around 15% of households had some degree of exposure to equities in 1975. Three decades later, this figure would skyrocket to around 50%. Now, it's almost the industry standard to have zero-commission trading. Soon the brokerage industry for stock traders will be emulated by real estate brokering firms. Zillow is the future…
After some 40 years of literal stagnation, real median household income is at the highest level ever recorded as of 2019, and just posted the largest year-over-year increase at 6.8% from 2018 to 2019. Purchasing power for Americans is rising to unprecedented levels…
Almost 20% of the U.S. economy is medical services, which is about as backward and inefficient as an industry can be. Virtually no one – not even your doctor – knows what the true cost or true quality of medical services are. People entering emergency rooms are not told anything about prices or services, and then three weeks later, they get outrageous out-of-network bills… It's called surprise billing.
All of this is on the cusp of changing. Medical transparency, eliminating surprise billing, and true competition are the wave of the future. I can't wait to see a competitive future medical market.
Not only are Americans able to buy more with their dollar, but the products and services we purchase are making our lives much more efficient. Take, for example, the telephone… I can remember rotary phones and needing an operator to reach the party I wanted to call.
Now, we have smartphones with speed-dial, Siri, Alexa, and video-calling. We basically have a computer in the palm of our hands. We can search for almost anything we'd like in a matter of seconds. Information which was once contained in the archives of old libraries is now publicly available and ready to be scoured.
Smog and Crime
On January 20, 1981, when my personal hero Ronald Reagan took office, the 30-day Treasury bill yield was 21.5%. Today, it's virtually zero. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the rate of inflation was well in the double digits. Today, it's less than 2%. What's not to love?
Arthur Okun, a Yale professor of economics, coined the "Misery Index," which is the sum of inflation and unemployment at any given time. Just look at how this index has evolved over the years (below). It's got to make you a little proud given where we were just prior to the pandemic. We haven't had it this good since the mid-1950s…
A running joke used to be a charcoal-gray postcard entitled, "L.A. on a Clear Day." In 1943, Los Angeles documented its first cases of smog. The smog, which scientists tied to automobile use, made irritated eyes, irritated respiratory tracts, chest pains, cough, nausea, and headaches regular occurrences and led to long-term lung damage. In 1947, things became so bad that the city started the Air Quality Management District ("AQMD") and began monitoring smog levels.
The AQMD passed rules limiting emissions from cars, factories, and farms (back then, tires were often burned to keep crops warm). The guidelines were enormously successful in reducing smog levels. A 2016 study found smog reduction was critical to improving the health of children in Southern California.
It wasn't all that long ago in Los Angeles that the calendar was riddled with three-stage smog alerts where students in the valley were required to stay home. No longer! Just look at the chart of air pollution in the L.A. Basin. Air quality has improved so much that the AQMD had to change their scales of measurement.
Over the 30-year period ending in 2006, the percentage of days per year in the L.A. area that violated federal air quality standards fell from more than 50% to less than 10%. In addition, the number of federal "health advisory" days per year in California had fallen from 166 to 11 over the same period.
The U.S. withdrawal from the Paris Agreement has been used to label the U.S. as anti-environment… But the chart above gives us a fresh perspective. We're doing a great job protecting our environment.
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration ("NHTSA"), in 1966, there were 25.89 motor vehicle fatalities per 100,000 people. As of 2018, that number plummeted to 11.17. Highways are better, cars are more advanced, and drivers are safer.
In the 1950s, the joke was that if you're too drunk to walk, then drive. Alternatively, if you're so drunk you see two roads, then close one eye. Drunk driving today is known for being the killer it is, and law enforcement has made a huge difference.
Violent crime has also dropped dramatically over the past 30 years. According to FBI statistics, in 1991 there were 758 violent crimes per 100,000 people. As of 2019, this statistic was cut in half – only 379 violent crimes per 100,000 population. And believe me when I write that crime statistics are more accurate today than they have ever been.
Everyone knows how much damage the coronavirus pandemic has caused worldwide. But from my perspective, the U.S. has done an amazingly good job given how dangerous this virus is.
The story of the coronavirus pandemic and the economy is not one of whether things have been bad or not. Things have been bad… But as of today, the U.S. is way off its earlier lows from both an economic and a health perspective. The real story revolves around just how bad the coronavirus's impact has been on U.S. health and on the economy, and how quickly both are recovering.
And here again, the news is positive. The impact of the coronavirus on both U.S. health and the economy could have been a lot worse than it was for two reasons. First, the economy was in an exceptionally strong state when the virus hit. If the economy had been in a state of depression or recession, the impact would have been a whole lot worse. Second, the medical facilities in the U.S. were also up to the challenge of a pandemic and responded quickly and effectively.
In early 2020, the U.S. economy was in as good a shape as could be hoped. The unemployment rate was at its lowest level since 1969, and the economy was experiencing its longest period of uninterrupted economic expansion in history, lasting 128 months from June 2009 to February 2020. And as long as the expansion had lasted, there still was no sign that it was slowing down. On the medical front, the U.S. was better prepared than most other OECD countries, as illustrated by the number of ICU hospital beds per 100,000 of population.
The economy, in conjunction with the medical community, performed as well as any economist could have hoped. To represent what has already happened and as a harbinger of things to come, we present two graphs that illustrate the chain of events in the U.S. economy…
We have recouped over half of the jobs lost at the onset of the pandemic.
For a quick summary of all the advances we've had in medicine to combat the coronavirus, I've plotted the weekly case fatality rate for the U.S. to give a quick glimpse of how well the U.S. medical community has responded…
Case fatality rates are descending rapidly. Medical advances such as vaccines are near at hand, and treatment remedies for those afflicted have improved immensely. We can't, at present, anticipate a pandemic, but once there is one, we know how to respond.
Lastly, to go full circle: The bald eagle is back, black-footed ferrets are making a rebound, and the blue whale is once again roaming the seas in large numbers. The best is yet to come for America…
Arthur B. Laffer, PhD is known as "The Father of Supply-Side Economics." Dr. Laffer was a member of President Reagan's Economic Policy Advisory Board for both of his two terms (1981-1989). In 2019, Dr. Laffer was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Donald Trump. Dr. Laffer currently sits on the board of directors or advisors of a number of private and public companies and has authored numerous books.
Corporate Culture Wars
Self-Sabotage in the Name of Social Justice? By Elisha Krauss Remember when football used to just be about football? A beloved American pastime, when family and friends gathered together on Sunday afternoons to eat...
Elisa Krauss
The Tide Is Turning
What's Next for American Foreign Policy… and How to Protect Your Money By Kim Iskyan Great leaders are born, not made… Or so goes the "Great Man Theory," a 19th century hypothesis that says...
Kim Iskyan
Virtual Thanksgiving
We gather together to ask…that we actually not gather, after all. Maybe next year! By Alice Lloyd My father doesn't like Thanksgiving. I've never really understood why… He's generally a...
Alice Lloyd
More from this issue
Democrats Risk a Rude Awakening
2020: What's the Point?
Protect Our Free Speech
Where's All the Promised National Healing?
How the 2020 Election Fueled a Change in America
Strange Blue Wave
The Democrats' Civil War


Not even an avowed equipment freak like Phil Mickelson can define the new Callaway X Hot Phrankenwood that he will put into play at this week's Masters.
To be as exact as possible, the Phrankenwood has 8.5 degrees of loft, which makes it a driver, and is 45 inches long, about the standard length for today's 3-woods. The difference, at least for Mickelson, is that he's been hitting it as far as his Callaway RAZR Fit driver. And if you remember, Mickelson crushed his drives en route to victory at the 2013 Waste Management Phoenix Open.


text:
Finding aids (125)
Archival materials (125)
Collection descriptions (125)
Sound recordings (21)
Diaries (17)
Clippings (information artifacts) (16)
Video recordings (10)
Scientific illustrations (4)
Account books (3)
Painters (18)
Historians (14)
Art historians (13)
Sculptors (11)
Works of art (11)
Art, American (10)
Galleries (10)
Art museums (8)
Artists' studios (7)
Arts administrators (4)
Ethnology (4)
Decoration and ornament (3)
Hartley, Marsden (5)
Sheeler, Charles (5)
Henri, Robert (4)
Marin, John (4)
O'Keeffe, Georgia (4)
Warshaw, Isadore (4)
Weston, Edward (4)
Zorach, William (4)
American Federation of Arts (3)
Barnard, George Grey (3)
Feininger, Lyonel (3)
Homer, Winslow (3)
Hopper, Edward (3)
Kuniyoshi, Yasuo (3)
Lipchitz, Jacques (3)
Macbeth Gallery (3)
Marsh, Reginald (3)
Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.) (3)
Phillips, Duncan (3)
Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano) (3)
Roosevelt, Theodore (3)
Shahn, Ben (3)
Spark, Victor D. (Victor David) (3)
Stieglitz, Alfred (3)
Strand, Paul (3)
Thayer, Abbott Handerson (3)
Indians of North America (7)
Indians of South America (2)
Navajo Indians (2)
Afro-Caribbean cults (1)
Aleuts (1)
Apache Indians (1)
Arikara Indians (1)
Aymara Indians (1)
Chiga (African people) (1)
Hopi Indians (1)
Indians of Central America (1)
Iroquois Indians (1)
Kainah Indians (1)
Kru (African people) (1)
Naskapi Indians (1)
Niitsitapii (Blackfoot/Blackfeet) (1)
Okanagan Indians (1)
Piegan Indians (1)
Quechua Indians (1)
Scots (1)
Seminole Indians (1)
Sihasapa Indians (1)
Andes Region (1)
Brownsville (New York, N.Y.) (1)
Caribbean Area (1)
Columbia River Valley (1)
Georgetown (Washington, D.C.) (1)
Great Plains (1)
Labrador (N.L.) (1)
New York (N.Y.) (1)
New York N.Y. (1)
Panama Canal (Panama) (1)
Archives of American Art (58)
Archives Center, National Museum of American History (18)
National Anthropological Archives (6)
National Air and Space Museum Archives (2)
Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Archives (1)
National Portrait Gallery (1)
Query: Barnard College
125 records — Page 1 of 13
Osburn, Raymond Carroll, 1872-1955
1905-1955 and undated
1.25 cu. ft. (2 document boxes) (1 half document box)
Record Unit 7246
This finding aid was digitized with funds generously provided by the Smithsonian Institution Women's Committee.
Oral history interview with Barbara Novak
Novak, Barbara
McElhinney, James Lancel, 1952-
2013 October 8-17
4 Items (Sound recording: 4 sound files (4 hr., 26 min.), digital)
89 Pages (Transcript)
AAA.novak13
An interview with Barbara Novak conducted 2013 October 8-17, by James McElhinney, for the Archvies of American Art, at Novak's home in Manhattan, New York.
May Mandelbaum Edel papers
Edel, May M. (May Mandelbaum), 1909-1964
Edel, Abraham, 1908-2007
4.58 Linear feet (5 boxes)
NAA.2005-27
May Mandelbaum Edel (1909-1964) taught anthropology at Brooklyn College and the New School for Social Research, and founded the Anthropology Department at Rutgers University in 1960. She conducted fieldwork in Washington; Oregon; Uganda; and Brownsville, New York. The collection consists of field notes, lecture notes, language notes, manuscripts, books, correspondence, teaching materials, conference files, and personal papers. Included are lecture notes taken from courses with Franz Boas and Ruth Benedict, and extensive field notes for her work with the Okanagan Indians in Washington, the Bachiga (Bakiga) in Uganda, and Jewish families in Brownsville, New York.
Oral history interview with Sarah Edwards Charlesworth
Charlesworth, Sarah, 1947-2013
Richards, Judith Olch
2011 November 2-9
121 Pages (Transcript)
9 Items (sound files (7 hr., 47 min.) Audio, digital, wav)
AAA.charle11
An interview of Sarah Edwards Charlesworth conducted 2011 November 2-9, by Judith Olch Richards, for the Archives of American Art at Charlesworth's home, in New York, New York.
Ruth Leah Bunzel Papers
13 Linear feet (26 boxes, 2 audio reels)
The bulk of this collection documents the professional life of Ruth Leah Bunzel from the 1940s to 1970s. The collection contains correspondence, manuscripts, notes, research files, teaching materials, card files, artwork, and sound recordings.
Maud Cabot Morgan papers
Morgan, Maud, 1903-1999
1938-circa 1994
AAA.morgmaud
The papers of abstract expressionist painter Maud Cabot Morgan measure 0.2 linear feet and date from 1938-circa 1994. The papers include biographical material, letters, printed material, and a video recording. Biographical material consists of a resume for Maud Cabot Morgan. There are two letters (photocopies) that concern Morgan's honorary Doctor of Fine Arts degree from the Massachusetts College of Art. Printed material consists of clippings, exhibition announcements, and catalogs. One videocassette includes footage for 1986 Museum School Show, the 1994 exhibition "90 in the 90s," and an interview conducted by Gail Harris.
Aline Meyer Liebman papers
Liebman, Aline Meyer, 1879-1966
0.4 Linear feet (Addition)
AAA.liebalin
Correspondence, photographs, business and financial records, printed matter, scrapbooks, and exhibition catalogs document Mrs. Liebman's acquisition of modern American art, European painting and decorative arts, her interest in and support of photography, her encouragement of individual artists, the inception and early history of the Museum of Mode...
Elizabeth McCausland papers
McCausland, Elizabeth, 1899-1965
AAA.mccaeliz
The papers of art critic, writer, and historian Elizabeth McCausland measure 45 linear feet and date from 1838 to 1995, with the bulk of the material dating from 1920 to 1960. The collection provides a vast accumulation of research data on various artists and aspects of American art, especially the early American modernists and the Federal Arts Projects. Papers include McCausland's extensive research and writing files, particularly on Marsden Hartley, E. L. Henry, Lewis Hine, George Inness, and Alfred H. Maurer. McCausland's correspondence with artists includes a substantial amount with Arthur Dove and Alfred Stieglitz. Her collaborative work with Berenice Abbott on the Changing New York book and series of photographs is well-documented within the collection. Also found are general writings, subject files, files relating to exhibitions, teaching, and committees, photographs, art work, personal papers, and printed material. Additional McCausland material donated later from the estate of Berenice Abbott include biographical materials, project files, writings, and printed materials.
Conrad M. Arensberg papers
Arensberg, Conrad M. (Conrad Maynadier), 1910-1997
33.3 Linear feet (83 document boxes)
This collection contains the professional papers of Conrad M. Arensberg, anthropologist, university professor, and anthropological consultant. Included are correspondence; published and unpublished writings; research materials, including notes, correspondence, diaries, charts, drafts, interviews, research plans, reports, project proposals, and bibliographic cards; speeches; pamphlets; articles from newspapers and periodicals; course materials, including bibliographies, lecture notes, reading lists, assignments, exams, project proposals, and syllabi; curriculum vitae; date books; scholarly papers and publications of other scholars; and photographs.
Esther Schiff Goldfrank papers
Goldfrank, Esther Schiff
7 Linear feet
The Esther Schiff Goldfrank papers, 1920-1980, document her professional life in anthropology. Much of the field material and reading notes relate to Goldfrank's work on the Pueblos, Navahos, Blood, and Teton Dakota. There is also considerable material of colleagues. Some of this seems to have been given to her directly. Other material, particularly that of Ruth Benedict's Blackfoot project, was acquired by Margaret Mead and then sent to Goldfrank. Included are field notes or manuscript articles concerning the Blackfoot Indians by Benedict, Harry D. Biele, Marjorie Lismer, Jane Richardson, and George D. Spindler. Most of the photographs in the collection concern Goldfrank's early travels with Franz Boas or Harvey Biele's work with the Bloods. Copies of illustrations used in her autobiography are also included.