text:
Issue 21: Bazaar II
Ethnic Marketing
Good Intentions
How to Write About Africa II
Binyavanga Wainaina
PMD, Excerpt from 911: The Synopsis, 2006/2007. PMD Publishing
Novelists, NGO workers, rock musicians, conservationists, students, and travel writers track down my email, asking: Would you please comment on my homework assignment / pamphlet / short story / funding proposal / haiku / adopted child / photograph of genuine African mother-in-law? All of the people who do this are white. Nobody from China asks, nobody from Cuba, nobody black, blackish, brown, beige, coffee, cappuccino, mulatte. I wrote "How to Write about Africa" as a piss-job, a venting of steam; it was never supposed to see the light of day. Now people write to ask me for permission to write about Africa. They want me to tell them what I think, how they did. Be frank, they say, be candid. Tell it like it is.
I have considered investing in a rubber stamp. I have imagined myself standing at the virtual borders of Africa, a black minuteman with a rubber stamp, processing applications — where YES means "Pass go, pay one hundred dollars," and NO means "Tie 'em up and deport 'em." It's almost a sexual thing. They come crawling out of the unlikeliest places, looking to be whipped. I am bad, Master Binya, beat me. Oh! Beat me harder. Oo! They seem quite disappointed when I don't. Once in a while I do, and it feels both good and bad, like too much wasabi. Bono sent a book of poems. Someone wrote an essay, "How to Write about Afghanistan." I shook hands with, not one, but two European presidents, who read my text and shook their heads: How bad, how very bad. I shared a cigarette in Frankfurt with the bodyguards of Yar Adua, the Nigerian president, who said they don't like gyms back in Abuja because the wives of the big men come onto them and cause all kinds of trouble. They preferred hotel gyms in Europe. But German cigarettes were not as good as Nigerian cigarettes. German vegetables were not as good as Nigerian vegetables. German beer was, when you really looked, deep into the foam, not nearly as light and golden as Nigerian beer. When all is said and done, they said, stamping out their cigarettes and smelling of fine French cologne, Nigeria is the best place. Have you been to Abuja, they asked? No, I said. Abuja is ultramodern, they said, and we all looked out at the wet, gray, old, stained buildings in front of us.
One day a man I know called me in some agitation. He had just read "How to Write about Africa" and wanted to know why I would write about him as I'd done. I had said, "After celebrity activists and aid workers, conservationists are Africa's most important people. Do not offend them." I had offended him. I had not mentioned anyone by name, but he was personally affronted. Yes, he's a conservationist, and, yes, he has hosted a celebrity or two — but he didn't trade in game animals, and he paid his workers well. Sure, I said. It's beyond the pale, he said. I have never really understood what that means, where that is, the pale, and why such a mild-seeming phrase promises interpersonal Armageddon.
"How to Write about Africa" grew out of an email. In a fit of anger, maybe even low blood sugar — it runs in the family — I spent a few hours one night at my graduate student flat in Norwich, England, writing to the editor of Granta. I was responding to its "Africa" issue, which was populated by every literary bogeyman that any African has ever known, a sort of "Greatest Hits of Hearts of Fuckedness." It wasn't the grimness that got to me, it was the stupidity. There was nothing new, no insight, but lots of "reportage" — Oh, gosh, wow, look, golly ooo — as if Africa and Africans were not part of the conversation, were not indeed living in England across the road from the Granta office. No, we were "over there," where brave people in khaki could come and bear witness. Fuck that. So I wrote a long — truly long — rambling email to the editor.
To my surprise, Granta wrote back right away. The editor, Ian Jack, disavowed the "Africa" issue — that was before his time, he said. A year or so later, another Granta editor called. They were doing a new "Africa" issue, and they wanted my perspective. Sure, sure, I said. And then forgot. And then remembered, felt guilty, felt the weight of a continent on my back. I was blocked and more blocked. I drank a Tusker. Finally I wrote something about Bob Geldof. It was shit, said the editor — not his words, but he meant to say that, and he was right. So I went back to work. The deadline came. The deadline went. I was busy working on a short story, busy working on my novel. A cold Tusker. The new Kwani. The beach, in Lamu. The editor called with an idea — why don't we publish your long crazy email? An extract, that is. Sure, I said, absentmindedly. He sent me a draft. Phew, I thought, absentmindedly. Cut, paste, cut, paste. A few flourishes here or there. Send.
It took an hour.
The issue came out, my article went online. It became the most-forwarded story in Granta history. I started hearing from friends, from strangers; started getting my own words forwarded to me with a cheerful heading, as something I might be interested in, as though I hadn't written it. I went viral; I became spam. I started getting invitations — to conferences, meetings, think tanks. I started getting mail. Now I am "that guy," the conscience of Africa: I will admonish you and give you absolution.
If I was smart, I would have waited a few years and made an iPhone app: a little satirical story about how to write about Africa every day, interactive and adaptable, for ninety-nine cents. Fuck Granta… thanks, Granta.
I was busy working on my novel. Then I was drinking chili-flavored vodka with the editor of this magazine, and before I knew it I had agreed to write a sequel to "How to Write about Africa." Okay, I said, absentmindedly. So, here we are.
Bazaar II, Summer 2010
Also collected in:
Hans Ulrich Obrist's Golden Triangle
Sophia Al-Maria's We Are TMI
Next: Letter from the Creative Director


text:
In PBS's 'The Great War,' Soldiers Detail the War Effort
Courtesy of the Center for American War Letters Archives, Leatherby Libraries, Chapman University, CA. Scan by National Postal Museum of loan for exhibition "My Fellow Soldiers: Letters from World War I."
'The Great War' tells the story of World War I's legacy, exploring how the war changed America and the world. This landmark 3-night event tells the story of America's fight through unpublished diaries, memoirs, and letters from the Americans who experienced the Great War firsthand.
The letter pictured here, for instance, from Lt. Walter Boadway to his wife Betty, dated October 20, 1918, details an encounter with a soon-to-be famous compatriot. Lt. Boadway, stationed in Italy, writes about the fun of "going out" in uniform as an officer. He mentions a recent outing with a Red Cross lieutenant named Hemingway, from Oak Park, IL. Hemingway, of course, famously drove an ambulance at the Italian Front in 1918 and was seriously wounded in July of that year. Boadway met Hemingway when he'd been "in the hospital 4 months" after that incident, healing from his wounds. Boadway's encounter with the future Nobel laureate reiterates how many American lives of his generation participated in the war, on the front and at home.
Find out more about World War I's legacy by tuning in to the second installment of The Great War, tonight at 9/8c on PBS. Learn more www.pbs.org/thegreatwar.
Read it at PBS

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Selling Alphabet (GOOG) Shares is the Wisest Bet Now as the stock troubles near 980 to 990 and forming medium term top. Is it a wise decision to sell? Yes as the news surrounding also points top formation in Alphabet shares.
The alphabet is a very profitable and will remain a profitable high growth company going forward. The company has already reached a scale that established high barriers to entry to create another YouTube platform, search engine, or to penetrate the mobile market through a different type of software. Therefore, any significant decrease in the operating margin is unlikely.
Alphabet shares fell 3% after second quarter results resurfaced a worrying trend that the company's costs are rising as it spends more to expand Google's newer and fastest-growing advertisement businesses.
The Europian commission announced that it had imposed fine on Google to the amount of $2.89 billion for abusing the dominant position of the search engine. This implies a decline of $4 per share as it has 700 million shares outstanding.
Alphabet has been on an uptrend for the past 9 years.In 9 years the stock has only three corrective pullbacks higher than 10%.
The most recent pullback shows the prices may drop to $850 and $800 per share, at that point, it will be a rare opportunity to buy the company for long-term investment.
The reasons for a correction do not suggest the end of Facebook and Google dominance in the digital advertising industry. It is a normal and healthy pullback and broad market correction leads to this kind of correction.
Finally, the correction could be an excellent opportunity to buy this blue chip stock for long term investment.
As the stock trades in a channel in weekly charts, it resisted near $988 and it has been falling slowly. The stock has support near $850 and $800. If the stock falls to the levels of $800 one can accumulate the stock. But now one can book profits partially here and hold the rest.
I already recommended Stocks falling Amazon, Nike, Apple, Cisco, now Alphabet will follow suit. One can check contribution to stocks to the Dow 30 index here.


text:
ACTING / DIRECTING
FOTOGRAPHY
Amor Ti Vieta
SHAHRAD'S FIRST FILM
WINS BIG
you'll find the latest in Shahrad's
world of entertainment below
FREDOTTI FUNDS - A GRANT PROGRAM
Shahrad is launching Fredotti Funds in the year of 2022. FF is a grant program for musicians and filmmakers, whom are either starting their career, or are in need of funding to finish/finalize their project. This program has been in the making for the past few years, and it is finally coming live in January of 2022. Applications, and info on how to apply will be available soon!
THE SIXTH FLOOR - FEATURE
Shahrad was cast as the male lead in "The Sixth Floor", written and directed by Sean Patrick Cannon. This feature film went into production in late October of 2021. The cast and crew pulled an intense production and finished shooting this suspenseful feature in under four weeks.
Shahrad is now represented (Theatrical) by the Sheila Legette Entertainment team. To contact Sheila, and Kia please go to the About page. Click here to read more.
IT MODELS
Shahrad is now represented (Commercial/Print) by IT Model Management team. To contact Marlyn, and Linda please go to the About page. Click here to read more.
Shahrad in the film The Little Prince. This film will be released in the fall of 2020.
HUSSIAN COLLEGE
Shahrad has recently joined Studio School's management team in DTLA. Studio School is a private college for Film/Arts. Click here to read more.
SHAPARAK MUSICAL
Join Shahrad and an amazing cast with the Grammy award winner Hamid Saeidi's live music!
Hollow Me just won another award at the NAFA Festival!
HOLLYWOOD NOW
"Amor Ti Vieta" wins in the best music video category.
MORE WINS!
"Amor Ti Vieta" music video gets a lot of attention and wins in five festivals.
"AMOR TI VIETA" WINS!
Shahrad's third collaboration with KAJART wins them Best Music award.
"HOLLOW ME" - ITS EIGHTH FESTIVAL
Hollow Me becomes official selection of the month in the Aab Film Festival.
MORE WINS FOR HOLLOW ME
Hollow Me wins in the Action/Thriller category!
SHAHRAD'S PHOTOGRAPHY
Click here to see some of Shahrad's photography.
HOLLOW ME WINS!
Shahrad's first film has been nominated and selected in five international film festivals, more to come.
SHAHRAD'S FIRST FILM - HOLLOW ME
This film will be released in 2018, stay tuned!
AMOR TI VIETA - NEW VIDEO OUT NOW
Shahrad's fourth music video released now. This is the third collaboration between Shahrad and KAJART studio. Click here to watch the video.
OPERA CONCERT
Shahrad performs for the first time in California, US.
FIVE SCREENINGS & 2 AWARDS
"Free The Pain" music video makes a lot of noise in multiple festivals and gets a few screenings at a couple of film academies.
ALBUM "MELODY" BEING RELEASED IN JAN
Shahrad's first album "Melody" will be released in February of 2016. It can be purchased directly from Shahrad's website or the trusted online stores mentioned in the Music page. Click here to listen to this album.
"FREE THE PAIN" - ITS FIFTH FESTIVAL
After winning two prizes at the 12MFF, "Free The Pain" goes to the UK Film Festival, NSI as well as TBUFF.
THAT'S A WRAP - "MELODY" FINALIZED
Shahrad finalizes "Melody" with the very talented producer and sound engineer, Reza Moghaddas. Melody features two Opera tracks, four Classical Pop tracks and two Electronic remixes.
BANG BANG - NEW VIDEO OUT
Shahrad's third music video released in October. This is the second collaboration between Shahrad and KAJART studio. Click here to watch the video.
THE ORDERLY
Shahrad was cast for the role of "The Orderly" in the Canadian feature film, "Beyond Hell". This film is in the state of production now, directed by the talented Alan Murray. Click here to read more.
FREE THE PAIN - WINS @ 12MF FESTIVAL
"Free The Pain" music video wins two award in the 12 MFF (12 Months Film Festival). This work has also been accepted at the National Screen Institute (NSI) - Canada, and its to be screened at their great film festival.
Shahrad takes on the role "The Harbinger" in the mind blowing play, "365 DAYS". This production had seven sold out events in May of 2015. The production will soon go on stage in the US, starting from LA and SF.
© 2022 SHAHRAD - Fredotti Films/Records


text:
by Jeff Miller, Ph.D.
Evolutionary geologists have long believed that the Grand Canyon formed by the Colorado River carving it over millions of years—an idea which goes against what the Bible says about the age of the Earth. This idea is based mainly on the theory of uniformitarianism (YOU-nuh-form-i-TARE-ee-an-ism): the belief that what we see happening today in the Grand Canyon (or elsewhere on the Earth) is the same as it has always been. When geologists look at the Grand Canyon today and see only the Colorado River slowly cutting it, they assume it must have always been that way. If it has always been carving like it does today, then they can use the rate that it's carving today to figure out how long it would take to carve the whole Canyon: millions of years.
There are several problems with that idea. First, evolutionary geologists cannot even agree with each other on what they think the age of the Grand Canyon is. Some say 40 million years; others 5-6 million years; some 70 million years; and some even argue that it was formed quickly due to major flooding from the Colorado River—an idea closer to what creationists believe. The fact that their beliefs are so widely different from one another highlights the fact that no evolutionist really knows how old the Canyon is. Evolution's dating methods have failed to prove that the Grand Canyon is as old as they think it is.
Second, while creationists do believe that uniformitarianism can play a role in geology today, we also believe that catastrophism (kuh-TAS-troh-fism) plays an even more important role—the idea that unusual, short-lived, major geological events sometimes happen which change the Earth in major ways (for example, floods, tsunamis, meteors, and volcanoes). The Global Flood of Noah's day, in which "all the fountains of the great deep were broken up" (Genesis 7:11; which would have included lava flowing onto the surface of the Earth), "all the high hills under the whole heaven were covered," and "the mountains were covered" (Genesis 7:19-20), would have certainly played a major role in forming the Earth's geologic features, like the Grand Canyon.
In fact, we have modern examples proving how catastrophic events (like floods and volcanoes) can quickly carve canyons. In 1926, the Burlingame Canyon near Walla Walla, Washington was carved in less than six days when engineers tried to steer abnormally high water from a canal into Pine Creek. In 1982, a small eruption of the Mount St. Helens volcano caused a major mudflow that was 20 miles long. It carved a canyon—the "Little Grand Canyon"—that was 140 feet deep in only one day! These two examples prove that the Grand Canyon could have been formed quickly due to a catastrophic event, rather than over millions of years.
Burlingame Canyon "Little Grand Canyon"
Polystrate fossils are also a problem for those who believe in uniformitarianism. When you look at the Grand Canyon, you can see different layers of rock lying on top of each other, kind of like layers in a cake or a double cheeseburger. Polystrate fossils are fossils that are found cutting through more than one layer (strata) in the geologic "cake" (column). Trees, Calamites, catfish, and even a baleen whale have been found in various places in the world, cutting through multiple strata. How could a tree (or a whale) survive or not decay for the "millions of years" it would have taken for it to be buried, if each of the strata took eons to form? It makes more sense to believe that the layers in the geologic column, including the layers of the Grand Canyon, were formed quickly, not over millions of years. Evidence exists today which proves that belief to be true.
by Thomas Tarpley www.bible.ca
Strict uniformitarianism simply is not supported by the evidence. If geologists assume uniformitarianism formed the features of the Earth, when catastrophism actually played a major part, geologists will certainly get wrong answers when they try to find the age of something. That's why their estimates differ so much with each other. Whether finding an age by counting thousands of rings in a tree, thousands of layers of ice in an ice core, looking at the different elements in a rock to find its age, counting the layers at Grand Canyon, or watching the Colorado River carve it, if uniformitarianism is assumed, a scientist will get the wrong answer for his dates. Bottom line: the Bible's story of the Flood fits perfectly with the evidence at the Grand Canyon.
Dinosaur Poster: "Down" (James 3:7)


Getting Here: Wonderland House® is centrally located, by the seafront and within walking distance of all the shops, restaurants, bars and attractions.
Train: There is always a ready queue of taxis outside Brighton Station. It's about 5 minutes and costs around £7.
National Express Coach: Brighton Bus Station is a couple of minutes by taxi or a 5 minute walk along Marine Parade.
Car: Head to the sea then take a left at the Pier.
Parking: There are pay and display bays on the surrounding streets. There are numerous multi-storey car parks and some free park and stride options where you drop off bags then park a little further away and walk or catch a bus back.
A lovely summer option is to park at The Marina and catch the Volks Railway electric train back along the beach.


text:
using namespace std;

using namespace allocgc;
using namespace allocgc::details;

namespace {
struct type_1 {};
struct type_2 {};
struct type_3 {};

struct type_with_dtor
{
    ~type_with_dtor()
    {
        dtor_called = true;
    }

    static bool dtor_called;
};

bool type_with_dtor::dtor_called = false;

struct type_with_move_ctor
{
    type_with_move_ctor() = default;

    type_with_move_ctor(type_with_move_ctor&&)
    {
        move_ctor_called = true;
        to_ptr = this;
    }

    static bool move_ctor_called;
    static type_with_move_ctor* to_ptr;
};

bool type_with_move_ctor::move_ctor_called = false;
type_with_move_ctor* type_with_move_ctor::to_ptr = nullptr;

struct nonmovable_type : private utils::noncopyable, private utils::nonmovable
{
    nonmovable_type() = default;
};

}

TEST(gc_type_meta_factory_test, test_get)
{
    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, gc_type_meta_factory<type_1>::get());
}

TEST(gc_type_meta_factory_test, test_create)
{
    typedef gc_type_meta_factory<type_2> factory;
    vector<size_t> offsets({1, 2, 3});
    factory::create(offsets.begin(), offsets.end());
    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, factory::get());
    EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(type_2), factory::get()->type_size());
    EXPECT_EQ(offsets.size(), factory::get()->offsets().size());
    EXPECT_TRUE(std::equal(offsets.begin(), offsets.end(), factory::get()->offsets().begin()));
}

TEST(gc_type_meta_factory_test, test_destroy)
{
    typedef gc_type_meta_factory<type_with_dtor> factory;
    factory::create();

    const gc_type_meta* tmeta = factory::get();
    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, tmeta);
    ASSERT_FALSE(type_with_dtor::dtor_called);

    std::aligned_storage<sizeof(type_with_dtor)> storage;
    byte* ptr = reinterpret_cast<byte*>(&storage);
    new (ptr) type_with_dtor();

    tmeta->destroy(ptr);

    ASSERT_TRUE(type_with_dtor::dtor_called);
}

TEST(gc_type_meta_factory_test, test_move)
{
    typedef gc_type_meta_factory<type_with_move_ctor> factory;
    factory::create();

    const gc_type_meta* tmeta = factory::get();
    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, tmeta);
    ASSERT_FALSE(type_with_move_ctor::move_ctor_called);

    std::aligned_storage<sizeof(type_with_move_ctor)> from_storage;
    byte* from = reinterpret_cast<byte*>(&from_storage);
    new (from) type_with_move_ctor();

    std::aligned_storage<sizeof(type_with_move_ctor)> to_storage;
    byte* to = reinterpret_cast<byte*>(&to_storage);

    tmeta->move(from, to);

    ASSERT_TRUE(type_with_move_ctor::move_ctor_called);
    ASSERT_EQ(to, (byte*) type_with_move_ctor::to_ptr);
}

TEST(gc_type_meta_factory_test, test_forbidden_move)
{
    typedef gc_type_meta_factory<nonmovable_type> factory;
    factory::create();

    const gc_type_meta* tmeta = factory::get();
    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, tmeta);

    std::aligned_storage<sizeof(nonmovable_type)> from_storage;
    byte* from = reinterpret_cast<byte*>(&from_storage);
    new (from) nonmovable_type();

    std::aligned_storage<sizeof(nonmovable_type)> to_storage;
    byte* to = reinterpret_cast<byte*>(&to_storage);

    ASSERT_FALSE(tmeta->is_movable());
    ASSERT_THROW(tmeta->move(from, to), forbidden_move_exception);
}

TEST(gc_type_meta_factory_test, test_multithreading)
{
    typedef gc_type_meta_factory<type_3> factory;

    const int THREADS_COUNT = 100;
    utils::scoped_thread threads[THREADS_COUNT];

    utils::barrier barrier(THREADS_COUNT);
    vector<size_t> offsets;
    for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
        offsets.push_back(i);
    }

    for (auto& thread: threads) {
        thread = std::thread([&offsets, &barrier] {
            barrier.wait();
            factory::create(offsets.begin(), offsets.end());
        });
    }

    for (auto& thread: threads) {
        thread.join();
    }

    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, factory::get());
    EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(type_3), factory::get()->type_size());
    EXPECT_EQ(offsets.size(), factory::get()->offsets().size());
    EXPECT_TRUE(std::equal(offsets.begin(), offsets.end(), factory::get()->offsets().begin()));
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


I know of a couple papers by the HINT benchmark people that relate to that.
a person could predict the effects of a hardware change on their results.
developed a version of AHINT for MS Windows, but they seem to be a dead.
distribution sounds like it might.
benchmarks like linpack from HINT.
"Again, HINT appears to hold a superset of the information in the other benchmark.
to sometimes sweep through the entire matrix."
> Beowulf cluster given a few variables (clock speeds, network type, ram, etc).


Our 2013 Show is now in the history books. It was a great success with over 80 cars attending. Enjoy the slide show below or visit our Flickr page to browse and download any of the photos from last year or other years.
Download a flyer and registration form here.


I think it's fair to say that most photographers buy a kit lens with their first camera. It's a good place to start, as despite the limitations, a good one is versatile (an idea I explored in my article Why Your Kit Lens is Better Than You Think).
But, however well a kit lens performs in the right hands, at some point you will ask yourself what lens you want to buy next. Or, you might already own more than one lens and be wondering if a new one may improve your photography. I am going to help you answer these questions by outlining some of the things you need to think about when choosing a new lens.
You may find it helpful to think of lenses in categories rather than specific focal lengths. That's because the field-of-view of a specific focal length depends on the size of your camera's sensor (learn why in our article Crop Factor Explained).
The benefit of considering lenses this way is that each type suits certain subjects. If you are into landscape photography, for example, then a wide-angle lens of some sort is essential. If you photograph sports, then it is difficult to do without a telephoto lens.
By the way, if you follow the links in the article you will see plenty of photos taken with these lens types.
A good definition of a wide-angle lens is one with a focal length shorter than the diagonal measurement of your camera's sensor (or negative if you have a film camera).
The idea of measuring the diagonal is a useful one for understanding the relationship between sensor size, focal length and field-of-view.
From that figure, you can say that any focal length shorter than around 25mm is a wide-angle lens.
Wide-angle lenses are used for subjects like landscape photography and environmental portraiture. My article 7 Ways to Get More Out of a Wide-Angle Lens explores the use of wide-angle lenses in more detail.
A normal lens is a prime lens with a focal length similar to the diagonal measurement of your camera's sensor.
In the example of the EOS 70D used above, a 28mm prime lens is a normal lens. A 50mm lens is considered normal for full-frame and 35mm film cameras (despite the diagonal measurement being 42mm – these things are often approximations).
A short telephoto lens is one with a focal length slightly longer than the diagonal measurement of the camera's sensor.
Normal lenses and short telephoto primes are ideal for portraits, some types of landscape photography, and for close-up photography. Being primes, they have much wider maximum apertures than zoom lenses. This helps limit depth-of-field and create images with lots of beautiful bokeh. It also helps you take photos in low light.
Learn more about the versatility of these lenses by reading these articles Why a 50mm Lens is your new best friend and How A Humble 85mm Lens Became my Favourite.
This category includes focal lengths from around double the diagonal measurement of your camera's sensor and upwards.
There are two main reasons to use a telephoto lens. The first is for the compressed perspective they provide to pick your subject out of the background. Portrait and fashion photographers often use them for this reason.
The other is that you need a telephoto because you are photographing something that you can't get physically close to. This includes subjects like wildlife and sports.
These are the large telephoto lenses you often see photographers using at major sporting events. With focal lengths of 300mm and upwards, you will probably want to buy one of these if you are serious in any way about sports or wildlife photography. Be warned – many of these lenses are also super expensive. The new Canon 200-400mm zoom (pictured above) retails for over $11,000. Ouch!
The final category includes other types of lens that you would probably only buy if you really wanted to use them, as they are specialty items, and some of them are pricey. They include macro, fisheye and tilt-shift or perspective-control lenses.
Image quality: You can say a lens has good image quality if it gives you sharp, contrasty images free from chromatic aberrations, colour fringing and barrel distortion from corner to corner at all aperture ranges of the lens.
No lens is perfect. There is no such thing as the lens that I just described. But good quality lenses come close. Generally speaking, the more you pay for a lens the better the image quality.
You may be wondering how to evaluate the image quality of a lens you don't actually own. One tip is to read plenty of reviews, including the ones on the sellers' websites, personal blogs and on Digital Photography School. DxO Mark has tested lots of lenses and posted the results on their website. You will soon get a feel for what people think about a particular lens.
Build quality and weatherproofing: These could be important if you subject your lenses to any kind of rough treatment or want to shoot in adverse weather conditions. The higher end lenses in each manufacturers' range are the ones that have the best build quality and weatherproofing.
Another benefit of weatherproofed lenses is that they let less dust into your camera to get on the sensor.
Budget: Also important, for fairly obvious reasons. If you're on a tight budget, consider buying prime lenses rather than zooms. You can get great image quality from relatively inexpensive prime lenses, much better than you would from zoom lenses in the same price range.
You could also consider buying second-hand (our article An Introduction to Buying Used Lenses will help).
How many lenses do you need? I prefer to take the simple approach to photography and that includes equipment. The more gear you have, the more it weighs if you carry it all around in one go, and the more it costs to insure. I currently own four lenses and, depending on the subject, I take two lenses with me at the most on a shoot.
That's my approach, what's yours? How many lenses do you own? What are your favourite lenses and what are your recommendations for choosing a new lens? Do you buy new or second-hand? Let us know in the comments. It will be interesting to hear what our readers have to say.
My ebooks Understanding Lenses Part I and Understanding Lenses Part II will help Canon EOS owners decide what lenses to buy for their cameras. They are both filled with lots of tips to getting the most out of your Canon lenses. Click the links to learn more.


1. What is your biggest fear(s)?
Injected needles. Or Syringe. And Big dogs. NO WAYYY!!
2. Do you have any bad memories about high school?
My address, since I wanna live in Europe, Hahahaha. NOTHING. I'm so proud to be me I don't think I would change anything even though I could.
7. Who motivates your blog?
8. What birthday gift do you like the most?
9. Name one product do you heard was good, but it's actually not when you finally tried!
10. What makes you smile in a bad day?
- Answer all the questions and then make your own 10 questions to your nominees (BUT I THINK YOU SHOULD JUST ANSWER THE SAME QUESTIONS ABOVE BECAUSE YOU WOULD NOT BE ALIVE AFTER ANSWERING SOME QUESTIONS INSIDE MA HEAD LOL) .


Located in Denver's Uptown neighborhood, Retrograde is hidden behind a freezer door at the back of an ice cream shop. It's one of Denver's best bets in the speakeasy genre. To start, it's warm, welcoming and without the annoying pretentious vibe of some others. To be sure, the best way to enjoy Retrograde is by indulging in the spirit and spirits of the place, which is to say by ordering one of the creative or classic cocktails on the list or, better yet, giving the bartender a sense of your preferred flavor profile and waiting for the creative, off-the-menu result. But if you just want to have a beer and watch the show being projected on the wall (Star Trek and Game of Thrones have both been shown), that's OK, too. On the way out, stop for housemate ice cream. Yes, it's a real ice cream shop.
Bars, Best Nightlife: "Ask for the bartender's choice to find out just how creative the mixologists are."
Best for Bars Because: Retrograde captures the 1920s speakeasy vibe without being pretentious or patronizing.
Recommended as Best Nightlife Because: Retrograde is Uptown's hotspot for for creative mixology and bartenders who know how to make a drink, whether traditional or out-of-the-box.


10 Must-have Portable Tech Gadgets for Your Everyday Life.
With so much to do in a limited period of time, life can become uncomfortable in the absence of suitable tech gadgets and appliances. Imagine cleaning your room manually without a vacuum cleaner or mop. Don't you think it will dramatically increase your workload?
You can spend your money on all kinds of weird gadgets, from toothbrushes with Bluetooth to toasters that print your selfie at your breakfast. But there are only a handful of technological accessories that we just can't live without.
Here is TECHDRILLERS' list of 10 Must-have Portable Tech Gadgets that pretty much everybody should have. Let's get started!
We all have flashlights in our phones, but they are not always comfortable to use or the best option. The KeySmart Nano Torch is the perfect addition to any keychain. This powerful and compact lantern is perfect for navigating through small, dimly lit spaces or simply to provide light where it is needed most.
Bluetooth keyboards are nothing new, but most of them – even fairly compact models – are not very pocket-sized. This retractable iClever wireless keyboard is the perfect solution, giving you a miniature set of QWERTY keys that converts to approximately the size of a large smartphone for easy storage. Its aluminum construction is durable and lightweight, heavy in a little over six ounces.
You never know when you will need a tool to do the work, but carrying a tool bag wherever you go is not practical or outdated. That's why the multitool Freehawk keychain is one of the most useful gadgets on our list. It comes with an LED flashlight, a bottle opener, two screwdrivers, a knife and more.
Your significant other has probably mentioned to you several times that she wants to be in better health. The Bellabeat Leaf tracker is the perfect way to give her something she wants while giving her something she can put in her jewelry box. This fitness accessory can be worn as a necklace or bracelet without looking bulky or intrusive.
The major disadvantage with wearable technology is that these little gadgets can easily get lost. If you need help keeping an eye on the little things, Tile Mate Finders are just the ticket. Compared to the larger Tile Slim, the Mate is a diminutive 1.3 inches long on all sides and is just 0.2 inches thick. Simply attach it to one of your gadgets and use the companion Tile app to locate it virtually anywhere. Even without the app, you can still find nearby objects by remotely making the Tile vibrate, blink or ring.
Do you need a light? Electric lighters like this gave a new twist to traditional designs. Fluid lighters can be messy and run out of fuel quickly: the famous Zippo, although it is a classic of Americans, is famous for this, not to mention that liquid and butane lighter containers are an extra expense. The HaloVa arc lighter, on the other hand, uses an internal rechargeable battery to project a windproof electric arc instead of a flame. The design is eco-friendly and delivers up to 300 lights with a single charge. When it needs more juice, just plug it in and turn it on with the included USB charging cable. No strands, flints, fluids or gases with which you can have fun.
This portable technology gadget is not something you put in your pocket; In fact, it is something you can use all day. The Lemfo smart watch is an attractive and affordable entry-level watch that syncs with your Android or iOS device and sends notifications and incoming messages directly to your wrist. The built-in microphone in the device allows you to respond without even taking out your phone. The vibrant LED display is always on and easy to see.
A good pair of Bluetooth headphones is priceless if you are often on the move and do not want to be without your music and other entertainment. But many pairs of wireless headphones have receivers or housings that fit on your neck, making them too big to carry in your pocket. In contrast, the compact Senso Bluetooth headphones fit comfortably behind your ears without unnecessary clutter. These headphones feature a nano-coated surface that is resistant to sweat and water, making them a great choice for outdoor activities and sports.
Power banks are a great take-away device when you're away from home, allowing you to boost your portable device without having to search for the nearest USB plug or port. The Anker PowerCore + Mini Power Bank brings this portability to the next level with its pocket size and internal 3350 mAh battery. Anker's PowerIQ technology automatically detects the proper voltage for your device to speed up on-the-go charging.
Wireless speakers are arguably the most popular implementation of Bluetooth technology today, allowing you to take your music virtually anywhere. Most of these speakers won't easily fit in your pocket, but the Marsboy is one exception. This tinycube packs a 12-hour battery life, delivering great sound from a package that fits in the palm of your hand.


Architectural audio company Sonance planned November shipments of the industry's first in-wall docking station for the Apple iPod.
The $598-suggested iPort will be the first in-wall iPod dock for custom-installed distributed-audio systems. The iPort connects an iPod to any suppliers' distributed-audio system to distribute iPod-stored music throughout the house through the system's in-wall and in-ceiling speakers. The docking station also recharges the iPod's battery.
Users select songs either directly through the iPod itself or from any of the distributed-audio system's in-wall keypads and touch screens. For now, however, the only song-selection capabilities available through the keypads and touch screens are track forward/back. The keypads and touch screens will also control the iPod's pause, play and stop functions.
Future versions of the iPort will feature the ability to access the iPod's song metadata for greater keypad control over song selection. Sonance is working with Apple to obtain a license to access the metadata.
"We can — and will — reproduce all the graphics on the iPod's screen on one of our control panels," said Scott Sylvester, director of product strategy, The company is also working on solutions for distributing stored digital images from an iPod Photo to home displays.
Because of the iPod's HDD limitations, the iPort will distribute only one song at a time throughout the house when connected to the iPort. The iPod does not support multizone capability.
The in-wall dock works with both the full-sized iPod and the slimmed down iPod Mini. The unit's chassis employs Sonance's RotoLock mounting system, and each iPort is shipped with a custom install accessory kit that contains all the hardware and cables required for a complete installation.
As new iPod models are introduced, the company will develop accessories enabling them to fit into the iPort. Sonance will also develop a complete line of iPorts, including a model that will sit next to a distributed-audio system's central electronics stack.


text:
The Chicken Story: How BioSafe Systems was Hatched
By: Rob Larose, CEO & President of BioSafe Systems
During every new BioSafe Systems team member's initial week of training, they listen to me ramble on about the chicken story. It is an essential element of how we got started.
It may seem odd that a company that got its start within the professional horticulture business has a story about chickens, but that is exactly how it all began. BioSafe Systems is a family business that got its start through a partnership between father and son. My father, Rene Larose, spent thirty-five years in the poultry business working for a company called Arbor Acres. Arbor Acres specialized in producing the breeding stock (baby chickens) that would be sold to major chicken producers such as Purdue Farms, Tyson Foods, and others.
Arbor Acres genetically bred their baby chickens to be suited for the various environments they would be sold into. Arbor Acres was also a family business started by two brothers and eventually grew into a company that did business worldwide, producing baby chickens that were disease indexed and guaranteed to be free of viruses, bacterial and fungal infections.
My father's role as a microbiologist was to maintain the health of the "stock" chickens that produced the fertilized eggs from which the chicks were hatched, and the health of the fertilized eggs and hatched chicks until they were transported to the chicken farm that purchased them. Arbor Acres had operations all over North America comprised of containment farms that housed the stock birds and hatching operations.
It is very much like the propagation and breeder business model within the agricultural industry. Instead of propagating plants, they were propagating baby chickens. However, unlike plants which are propagated with a "built-in disease resistance factor", chickens are biological in nature. Their disease resistance capabilities do not fully become functional until the second week of hatching, so they were very susceptible to various viral, bacterial, and fungal diseases. Standard operating procedures in the poultry industry are to use a variety of pharmaceutical interventions and inoculations to boost their defense resistance. However, the first two weeks were always very tricky to maintain the health of the flock due to environmental and pathogen challenges. Young Plants – Young Chickens.
One of the company's tricks was to fumigate the chicken hatcheries between hatching cycles with formaldehyde gas to sanitize the facility. Ultimately, they found a way they could fumigate on a consistent basis while the chickens were hatching. It was a known factor that without this essential sanitation step, they would have a mortality rate in excess of 25%. A method was developed and provided a form of "chemotherapy" to the newly hatched birds. This method consisted of a constant, low dose of sanitation using formaldehyde with concentrations high enough to kill the pathogens but not enough to kill the baby birds.
This system worked well until the State of California intervened at the Arbor Acres facility outside of Fresno. They were given a cease and desist order from the California Department of Pesticide Regulation, due to the residual formaldehyde within the hatchery (formaldehyde was a suspected carcinogen.) This development forced my fathers' company to find an effective alternative.
The solution that my father found was a form of activated hydrogen peroxide called Peroxyacetic Acid. It was determined that this formulated peroxyacetic acid works every bit as well as formaldehyde but did not present the health and safety concerns. Chlorine was out of the question because of its toxicity, so the activated peroxyacetic acid looked promising.
Where the application of formaldehyde was easy because it was a gas, the peroxyacetic acid application had to be done via aerosolized spray. Almost immediately, my father's solution outperformed the formaldehyde applications and the company was back up and running. The peroxyacetic fog provided better disease control, but more importantly, the baby chicks reacted better. They took on feed and water 50% faster than they did with the formaldehyde treatments.
So, how did we make the leap from chicken to plants you ask? Well, when my father saw how well the peroxyacetic acid worked in replacing formaldehyde, he began talking with my uncle who owned a retail greenhouse. Both my father and uncle graduated from the University of Connecticut with Microbiology degrees. My father went into the poultry business and my uncle went into health care. He started one of the country's first blood testing labs and then retired to his passion, which was horticulture.
My father and my uncle started experimenting with the peroxyacetic acid formulation to see if they could clean up algae around the greenhouse and found that with some modifications, they could also spray it on the plants to kill off some of the powdery mildew and botrytis problems my uncle was having on his poinsettia and geranium crops.
Ten years after graduation, I found myself working in the environmental field cleaning up Superfund sites around the country. My epiphany moment came after completing a 40-hour safety training on the dangers of Temik insecticide and realizing my uncle regularly applied Temik in the greenhouse without any PPE (personal protection equipment.)
My uncle had never met a pesticide that he didn't like, and ultimately was diagnosed with colon cancer and died after a five-year battle with that deadly disease. In many ways, his death prompted me to think that there had to be a better way to put the "green" back in the green industry. Remembering my uncle spraying the Temik, I decided to take some soil samples from the greenhouse and have them analyzed for contaminants.
What came back was a long list of heavy metals such as mercury and arsenic, as well as organophosphate pesticides that were way above the limits of any superfund site that I had been working on. The greenhouse had been there since the 1940s and every pesticide ever sprayed had somehow made its way into the soil.
One thing that most people don't know about the green industry is that when you spray a pesticide, the overspray will find its way to the ground. Even though the person applying is protected by a respirator and chemical suit, the pesticide that is being sprayed becomes part of the environment and attaches itself to soil particles that later dry out and become dust. These dust particles then float back up into the air where they may be ingested or inhaled by people who later enter the greenhouse to work.
The scary thing is that the US EPA only requires pesticide manufacturers to submit information on the individual compounds used in a formula to review them for safety. No one could ever do safety testing on the infinite combinations that are possible when these compounds are combined as a result of residual accumulation.
When I realized that I had eaten countless pizzas and sandwiches in that same greenhouse, it got me thinking about how much I ingested. There had to be a "cleaner" way to provide pest control within the growing environment. At the time, there were no terms to explain the ideas I was proposing. Today, our products are considered "green", "sustainable" and "organic" by the industry.
Our approach is to provide products that do not leave behind any toxic residue or legacy. We leave no footprint behind.
So, it started with the chicken which evolved into a fertilized egg that helped hatch a new business enterprise aimed at providing sustainable solutions for a variety of industries– including the greenhouse industry that began the 20 year legacy of BioSafe Systems.
About BioSafe Systems
BioSafe Systems, LLC has been a manufacturer and marketer of sustainable crop protection, water treatment and food safety solutions since 1998. BioSafe Systems also provides unique, sustainable and environmentally responsible chemistries into the agricultural, horticultural, sanitation and retail segments. BioSafe Systems is a family-owned company based in East Hartford, CT whose products are proudly manufactured in the United States of America.
More about BioSafe Systems
Previous: Foaming Applications in the Greenhouse with SaniDate® 5.0
Next: BioSafe Systems is American Made


text:
Apple iPhone Plans
Samsung Galaxy Plans
Find out which mobile plan is best for you
Cheap Phones
Find the best phone for you with our phone reviews
NBN Plans
ADSL / ADSL 2+
Find the right broadband plan for you
Rollout Map
Rollout Region List
Recent Activations
3 Year Plan List
NBN Upgrade Guide
Find a better NBN plan to suit your needs
TV Shows Comparison
Movies Comparison
Find out about new content on Stan & Netflix
Compare graphics cards
Check out what's out this month on PlayStation 4 and Xbox One
View games
Sports Streaming
Live stream Australia vs England Cricket World Cup semi-final online
Chris Stead
Posted: 11 July 2019 1:57 pm News
In the biggest match of the Cricket World Cup yet, it's Australia vs England in the 2019 CWC semi-final. Here's how you can live stream Australia vs England for free.
Is there an older rivalry in world cricket than Australia vs England? The two teams will meet in the semi-final of the 2019 Cricket World Cup in a winner-takes-all shot at a final berth against New Zealand. It's going to be some cricket match!
During the group stage Australia vs England match, it was the Aussies who came out on top by a comfortable 64 runs. But it was an unlikely victory. England, playing at home and the number one ranked side in the world, are still the favourites. Injury concerns have hit the Aussie team, with Usman Khawaja and Shaun Marsh both out injured. As such, Peter Handscomb will make his World Cup debut. You can see how well these players have been going in our Cricket World Cup statistics page.
The good news is, you can live stream Australia vs England for free online and not miss a ball of the Cricket World Cup semi-final. Here's how:
Live stream every Cricket World Cup match on Kayo: Start your 14-day trial now
Australia vs England semi-final start time at Cricket World Cup
The Cricket World Cup semi-final between Australia and England begins at 7.30pm AEST (Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Canberra, Hobart) on 11 July 2019. That's 7pm ACST (Adelaide, Darwin) and 5.30pm AWST (Perth) elsewhere around the country. The match should finish before 3am AEST on the morning of 12 July.
Stream Kayo Sports for 14 days FREE and no lock-in contract
Take Kayo Sports' Basic or Premium plan for a spin and stream over 50 sports live completely free for 14 days.
Last verified 22 Jun 2019
Live stream Australia vs England online for free
Every single match of the Cricket World Cup has been broadcast through Foxtel Now and Kayo Sports. These two services show near-identical sports content, with over 50 sports live and on demand. This includes all of the cricket you could possibly want from across the world, including The Ashes, Big Bash, IPL and more.
The two do vary in what they offer. Foxtel Now is primarily an entertainment live streaming service, with all the Foxtel programming such as HBO, Lifestyle, Kids and Fox in the base package. So, to access sport on this service it costs an additional $29 per month, for a minimum total of $54 per month.
Kayo Sports, on the other hand, is focused solely on sport. As such, it's only $25 per month. In addition, it provides a host of fantastic and unique viewing features just for sports fans. This includes SplitView (four channels at once), picture-in-picture mode, key moments timeline, gameday hub pages, instant replays, interactive stats and more. You can read up on everything it has to offer in our Kayo review.
So, how can you live stream Australia vs England online for free? Both these services offer instantly accessible free trials. Kayo Sports offers a 14-day free trial, whereas Foxtel offers a 10-day free trial . Which, the mathematicians among you would have already established, also means you can stream the Cricket World Cup final for free, too.
Here's hoping the final is Australia vs New Zealand!
Explore our ICC Cricket World Cup guides
Learn all the vital information in our Cricket World Cup hub
Explore the ways to watch the Cricket World Cup live
Examine our guide to the Australian cricket team
Know the entire Cricket World Cup playing schedule
Consider the unique features of Kayo Sports
Latest streaming headlines
Cricket World Cup fixtures, results, start times and TV guide
History of State of Origin statistics: Every QLD performance ranked
The top 50 rookie performances in State of Origin history revealed
How to watch a State of Origin live stream in Australia
How to watch State of Origin game 3 from overseas
Stream the best
Try hayu for free
Binge thousands of reality TV shows with 30 days free.
Juicy crime and drama, anytime, anywhere
Try out 10 All Access for 14 days free.
Netflix of Sports
Try out Kayo Sports' on-demand live streaming service for 14 days free
3 months of Apple Music free
Enjoy 3 months Apple Music completely free with no strings attached.
The NRL Match-Up: Best NRL dynasties
Which side can lay claim to being the best in…
Watch the 2019 International Champions Cup ICC football online in Australia
Arsenal, Real Madrid, Tottenham, Manchester…
How to watch The British Open Championship golf online in Australia
Here's how you can catch every moment of the…
Libra's main problem is that people don't like Facebook, senate hearing shows
There are a lot of vested interests in play,…
Harry Potter and the Cursed Child: Melbourne ticket guide
Insider tips on booking tickets, finding…
Get exclusive tech offers and guides


text:
BLOOD SYNDICATE # 38
Docruckus
Edited By Docruckus
AMERIKKA STILL EATS IT'S YOUNG (part 3): FIRST TO BE SECOND
WRITTEN & ARTWORK BY STEVE REEVES
**This Story takes place after Milestone Forever # 1**
PREVIOUSLY IN BLOOD SYNDICATE # 37
W: WISE SON ** F: FADE **FB: FLASHBACK **T: THIRD **B: BRICK**DG: DOGG
**BG: BOOGIEMAN** K: KWAI ** O: ORO ** D: DMZ ** A: AQUA-MARIA
As the Blood Syndicate meet in the dead zone an area outside the factory to watch the battle between Third Rail and Oro for leadership of the Syndicate. Wise tells third that this is stupid and disrespectful to his decision. Third, as usual, disagrees with wise son stating that he believes as one of the original founding members of the syndicate, someone's who has been there thru it all...that he is more than qualified for to lead a field team. Especially since; Fade chose not to take the position.
FB: Hmm...well since Oro is the guy to fight, I'll be more than happy to take my chances before Third. I mean, Third's not the only one who thinks Oro should not be Blood syndicate leader.
F: Sara, stop it. I looked at the team I was leading to protect Dakota city and I came to the realization that he was the best man for the job.
FB: Well maybe it's not a man who should be leading the team.
While Fade and Flash go back and forth, Kwai and Oro have a brief discussion.
ORO: You know, I'm beginning to think that maybe this isn't such a good idea. It's really not that serious.
Kwai: I would be a better leader than you both. But I don't want to have to kick your @ss to prove it.
O: 'nuff said.
Meanwhile the two siblings continue to talk...Fade tells FlashBack; "I'm not arguing with you no more Sara. I'm done!"
FB: Good. 'Cause you know that I'm right Fade. I'm really getting tired of the lack of respect my @SS gets as a member of this team.
F: Just chill sis, you're a BIG part of this team, and you're right. I was wrong not to ask for your opinion. My bad. But just trust me on this.
FB: Apology accepted. Now are we going to see a f**kin' fight or what?!?
Brickhouse asks Third to "Drop it.". She reminds him of the time, Oro risked his life to save him while Third was possessed by the Soul Breaker. Third looks at Brick and says "Don't worry babe. I promise I'll go easy on him.". Third walks towards Oro who is standing in the center of the Dead zone as the others watch from the side and stands in front of him. Oro still reluctant to fight is caught off guard by a left hook from third. Now realizing how serious this is, Oro avoids another hit by Third by flying above him. Oro fires a solar blast towards Thirds feet knocking him back, and then shoots a second blast at his chest. Third is initially stunned by the blast but begins to absorb the energy from it and grow in size. Oro then flies toward Third catching him with an solar punch which knocks Third down. The others watch in awe as it appears that Third may be out for the count.
Brick: Oh Pu!!
Wise: Fall back Brick. You know the rules. Besides, this fight is far from other.
FB: It'd better be. I bet Dogg and Boogie 20$ each that Third would win this fight.
Dogg: Looks like you going to have to pay up. I'll take my money in all singles as DMZ and I plan to make it rain on these bitches at the strip club tonight.
DMZ: Shakes heads with a thumbs up.
FB: Hah! I think you barked a bit too soon Dogg. Take a look at Third Now.
Dogg: Ruck No!
Third grabs Oro by the legs and slams him into the pavement. As Oro attempts to get up, Third punches him back down, allows him to gather himself together, then punches him down again.
Third: This is a lot easier than I thought. Are you ready to give up Oro. I really don't want to kick your @ss anymore.
As Third continues to brag about his apparent victory, Oro thinks about the best way to win this fight. He decides he has to take his chance and blast Third with everything he have.
O: You think I would give up that easy Pu, guess you're a lot dumber than I thought..and I think that you're really dumb.
T: Thats it. I'm about to put your light out Oro…Literally.
O: I'm counting on it. Oro then uses a solar flash to blind Third as he flies up from the ground and catches a giant sized Third from the chain up knocking his down. Still blinded by the flash, Oro still in the air and blast Third with everything he has. The radiance is so powerful that the others close their eyes and are unable to see the power being shot. Though it does't seem to be doing much as Thirds body growing from absorbing the energy.
Wise: Oro you got to stop it. He'll get too big and f**k up the damn factory.
O: No...I..will....not lose.
Third: I'm going to kick you're a...Arghh!!
Thirds body begins to shrink down as Oro overcharged his absorbing abilities to its limit. Oro flies down and punches the wobbled Third into the wall before he himself falls down from over exhausting himself. Bricks yells out "Pu?!?" as she begins to run towards her man. Fb begins to yell "Third get yo' @ss up man. I'm counting on you."
Dogg: Speaking of counting..I like all ones. Okay.
FB: Ruck off Dogg!
Oro struggles to get on is feet but stands up as the others await to see if Third is out of it.
Fade: It doesn't look like Third is getting up wise.
Boogie: Damn…Third got knocked the f*ck out.
Wise: Well I guess that's it. Seems like we finally got an official leader for the away tea...
As Wise is about to announce the winner of this fight, Third interupts him: "Not just yet.". Third stands up strong and starts walking towards Oro, ignoring Bricks pleas to "Stop". Oro looks as Third inches closer and closer to him but he's too weak to fight back. He used so much of his powers to overload Thirds absorbing abilities in an attempt to put him down...Which was only a temporary solution and is in no shape or form to go another round with Third.
O: Third I...
Third: Wait. If you try to punch me, kick me, or shoot me I'll just absorb it and you are in no position to win this fight. This is something we both know. So be smart…stupid.
Third than extends him hand to Oro and tells him congrats on becoming the leader of the Away team. The two shakes, then Third turns away, locks eyes with Brick, wipes his brow, blows out a sigh, then winks at her with a smile on his face, and begins to walk towards her. Wise announces Oro as the leader of the away team as Oro is greeted and congratulated by his Syndicate teammates
...with the exception of FlashBack who snarled " I'm still not listening to that muthaf**ker."
TO BE CONTINUED IN BLOOD SYNDICATE # 39
NEXT: NOW WITH THE PIECES IN PLACE, A NEW SYNDICATE IS BORN!!
Okay, I'm still enjoying the story, but the writing still needs a lot of work. Here's what I'm seeing this time:
1) Decided between prose and script. You're going back and forth, with dialogue in your narration sections. Either put the dialogue in script, or change your story to prose format.
2) It's good that you left a key at the top, explaining the name abbreviations, but my personal opinion is spell out the names. That's a pain, I know, but it takes the reader out of the story to have to say say to themselves, "Was 'F' for 'Fade' or 'Flashback?' Oh yeah, 'Fb' is for Flashback." Anything that takes your reader out of the story is a bad thing, unless you are intentionally breaking the fourth wall, like when Deadpool talks to the readers.
Something you can do is type your script in Word first. You can use your abbreviations while you're typing, and do one of two things:
a) You can replace the abbreviations when you're done. For instance: choose your "replace" option, and replace "O:" with "Oro:," "Fb:" with "Flashback:," etc.
b) Or you can set up your auto correct so it automatically replaces the abbreviations as you type.
3) This one's a story gripe: Third just gave up leadership to Oro? That doesn't ring true. If he was able to get up from Oro's final shot, and could put Oro down at that point, why wouldn't he do it? If he really wanted leadership, looks like he would have pummeled Oro at that point. <shrugs> But whatever. Looking forward to next issue. Added to my FF Long Box - Authors. :)


text:
Q: Jquery: one selection of a child within a parent of an input I have a list of inputs that has several parents and then multiple children under each parent. there is only 2 levels.(see links below)
Under each parent I have check boxes (MUST USE checkboxes, rather than radio buttons) and should only allow a single selection of the children.
I am using the following code on a prior working example
$('input[type=checkbox]').click(function () {
    var checkedState = $(this).attr("checked");
    $(this).parent().parent().parent().parent().parent().find('input[type=checkbox]:checked').removeAttr("checked");
    $(this).attr("checked", checkedState);
});

A working example can be found here:
http://jsfiddle.net/H4Jv5/
The example that I need to try and get working is here http://jsfiddle.net/TXp6H/, based on the code its not looking at the parents - as a side the '..' indicates the child, however this .. will be removed so its not something that can be targeted.
Any help would be appreciated.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Home » Pfizer, UCSF partner to expand drug discovery capabilities
Pfizer, UCSF partner to expand drug discovery capabilities
Pfizer has expanded its Centers for Therapeutic Innovation (CTI), which is dedicated to establishing partnerships with academic medical centers, into the development of small-molecule drug candidates through a partnership with the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). This partnership provides investigators from UCSF with access to Pfizer's small-molecule drug development capabilities, working with Pfizer scientists with the goal of jointly translating basic research into drug candidates to bring new therapies to patients.
The collaboration builds upon an October 2010 agreement between CTI and UCSF in large-molecule (biologics) discovery, with both agreements aiming to accelerate the translation of biomedical research into new medications and therapies. CTI will provide UCSF with funding and scientific expertise to support preclinical and clinical development of selected small-molecule research programs. If drug candidates achieve agreed-upon objectives, the partnership between CTI and UCSF could move from discovery into clinical trials.
"We know from two years of working on biologic projects that CTI's collaborative model works," said Anthony Coyle, Ph.D., CTI's chief scientific officer. "By expanding our mandate, CTI can engage additional investigators and extend our scientific core within this successful model."


I always find it amusing when somebody claims "I'm not rumor-mongering" and then make a video called "Leica SL2 Coming in H1 2019?" - the video is based on a Photokina interview with Stephan Schulz from Leica.
I was also told that there will be a new €500 cashback on the Leica SL and €250 euro cashback on the prime SL lenses.
This entry was posted in L-Mount Alliance, Leica SL, Leica SL2 and tagged L-Mount, L-Mount Alliance, Leica L-mount, Leica SL2. Bookmark the permalink. Trackbacks are closed, but you can post a comment.


A new historic marker was unveiled May 5 at the intersection of Braddock Road and Dunleigh Drive in Burke to commemorate a Civil War skirmish known as the "Bog Wallow Ambush." The marker is just outside Annandale, between Rolling Road and Guinea Road.
The unveiling was conducted by descendants of the Union scout who planned the ambush of Confederate cavalry and was severely wounded during the attack. Following the ceremony, participants were invited for refreshments at the historic Oak Hill house on Wakefield Chapel Road in Annandale, which was the home of David Fitzhugh at the time of the skirmish and played a significant role in the Bog Wallow incident.


text:
\section{Introduction}

In paper VI (hereafter VI) of this series we developed a method by means of
which it was possible to derive the classical coordinate-momentum
representation for the behavior of particles with half-integral spin.

It was shown there that the matrix representation of this calculation is
readily obtained when we pass from the active to the passive views and
change the Poisson bracket to its similar matrix commutator. Then all matrix
mechanics related to the spin property was derived by straightforward
calculations.

We will now make use of the fact that our classical calculations give us the
coordinate-momentum representation of the spin property which is suitable to
be quantized---in the Schr\"odinger or Dirac's sense---to derive the
Schr\"odinger equation for the spin eigenfunction. This will be done in the
second section of this paper. This will show that Heisemberg's matrix
calculus and Schr\"odinger's analytical equation give identical results.

In the third section the Schr\"odinger equation for the spin will be solved
and we will show that all the properties derived by means of the algebraic
calculations are also obtainable with analytical functions.

We will devote the fourth section to show quantitativelly that fermionic
Einstein-Bose condensation is expected by the present theory.

In the last section we will make our conclusions.

\section{The Spin Schr\"odinger Equation}

We are now in position to derive the Schr\"odinger equation that will enable
us to obtain the half-integral spin eigenfunctions.

The two functions
\begin{equation}
\label{0}S^2\mbox{ and }S_3
\end{equation}
have to be written as operators in a quantization procedure. The spin
eigenfunction will be the function that makes these operators diagonal.

The quantization procedure has to be undertaken with much care since the
function $S^2$ has terms with products of position and momentum operators
which do not commute. To see this one needs only to look at this function
written in the coordinate-momentum representation
\begin{equation}
\label{1}S^2=\frac 1{16}\left[ \frac \alpha \beta \left( x^2+y^2\right)
^2+\frac \beta \alpha \left( p_x^2+p_y^2\right) ^2+2\left( x^2+y^2\right)
\left( p_x^2+p_y^2\right) \right] .
\end{equation}

This task is greatly simplified if we note that we might write
\begin{equation}
\label{2}S^2=\frac 14S_0^2,
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation}
\label{3}S_0=\frac 12\left[ \sqrt{\frac \alpha \beta }\left( x^2+y^2\right)
+ \sqrt{\frac \beta \alpha }\left( p_x^2+p_y^2\right) \right] .
\end{equation}

This states the very difference from this problem to the one usually found
in textbooks on the solution of orbital angular momentum Schr\"odinger
equations. While in the later case one has only the operator ${\bf L}^2$
with the operator $L$, its square root, unknown, in the present approach
both are known by principle and their relation is defined by equation (\ref
{2}). This means that we will have only to find the function that makes the
operators $S_0$ and $S_3$ diagonal to automatically make $S^2$ also diagonal.

The next step is to transform the coordinate-momentum representation of our
problem into an operator representation.

We begin with equation (\ref{1}) and quantize the function $S_0$ in the
usual way, giving
\begin{equation}
\label{a1}\widehat{S}_0=\frac 12\left[ \sqrt{\frac \alpha \beta }\left(
\widehat{x}^2+\widehat{y}^2\right) +\sqrt{\frac \beta \alpha }\left(
\widehat{p}_x^2+\widehat{p}_y^2\right) \right]
\end{equation}
and also
\begin{equation}
\label{a2}\widehat{S}^2=\frac 1{16\gamma ^2}\left[ \left( \widehat{p}_x^2+
\widehat{p}_y^2\right) +\gamma ^2\left( \widehat{x}^2+\widehat{y}^2\right)
\right] ^2,
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation}
\label{a3}\gamma =\sqrt{\frac \alpha \beta }.
\end{equation}

We might develop the product represented in expression (\ref{a2}) as a
repeated application of a differential operator to get%
$$
\widehat{S}^2=\frac 1{16\gamma ^2}\left\{ \left[ \left( \widehat{p}_x^2+
\widehat{p}_y^2\right) ^2+\gamma ^4\left( \widehat{x}^2+\widehat{y}^2\right)
^2+2\gamma ^2\left( \widehat{x}^2+\widehat{y}^2\right) \left( \widehat{p}%
_x^2+\widehat{p}_y^2\right) \right] -\right.
$$
\begin{equation}
\label{a4}\left. -4i\hbar \gamma ^2\left( \widehat{x}\widehat{p}_x+\widehat{y%
}\widehat{p}_y\right) -4\gamma ^2\hbar ^2\right\}
\end{equation}
where the crossed terms in momentum-coordinates were treated using Dirac's
symmetrization procedure according to which
\begin{equation}
\label{a5}x^2p_x^2\rightarrow \frac 12\left( \widehat{x}^2\widehat{p}_x^2+
\widehat{p}_x^2\widehat{x}^2\right) =\widehat{x}^2\widehat{p}_x^2-2i\hbar
\widehat{x}\widehat{p}_x^2-\hbar ^2,
\end{equation}
or simply developing the squared operator applied upon some function. The
first four terms in expression (\ref{a4}) represent $\widehat{S}_0^2$ which
means that we might write this expression as
\begin{equation}
\label{13}\widehat{S}^2=\frac 14\widehat{S}_0^2-\frac{\hbar ^2}4
\end{equation}
as our final operator $\widehat{S}^2$.

Looking at expressions (\ref{13}) we see that, if equation
\begin{equation}
\label{14}\widehat{S}_0\psi =\hbar \lambda \psi
\end{equation}
is satisfied, then the equation
\begin{equation}
\label{15}\widehat{S}^2\psi =\left( \frac 14\widehat{S}_0^2-\frac{\hbar ^2}%
4\right) \psi =\hbar ^2\left( \frac{\lambda ^2-1}4\right) \psi
\end{equation}
is automatically satisfied and we have a relation between the eigenvalues of
(\ref{14}) and (\ref{15}).

Equation (\ref{14}) might be written, in a differential form and in
rectangular coordinates, as
\begin{equation}
\label{16}\frac 12\left[ -\hbar ^2\sqrt{\frac \beta \alpha }\left( \frac{%
\partial ^2}{\partial x^2}+\frac{\partial ^2}{\partial y^2}\right) \psi +
\sqrt{\frac \alpha \beta }\left( x^2+y^2\right) \psi \right] =\hbar \lambda
\psi .
\end{equation}
We might now introduce polar coordinates
\begin{equation}
\label{17}x=r\cos \theta \mbox{ ; }y=r\sin \theta
\end{equation}
and
\begin{equation}
\label{18}\rho =\left( \frac \alpha {\beta \hbar ^2}\right) ^{1/4}r
\end{equation}
to find equation
\begin{equation}
\label{19}-\frac 1\rho \frac \partial {\partial \rho }\left[ \rho \frac{%
\partial \psi }{\partial \rho }\right] +\left( \rho ^2-2\lambda -\frac
1{\rho ^2}\frac{\partial ^2}{\partial \theta ^2}\right) \psi =0
\end{equation}
together with the equation for $S_3$ given by
\begin{equation}
\label{19a}\frac{-i\hbar }2\frac{\partial \psi }{\partial \theta }=m\psi .
\end{equation}

Equation (\ref{19a}) might be solved by putting
\begin{equation}
\label{20}\psi \left( \rho ,\theta \right) =e^{i2m\theta /\hbar }R(\rho )
\end{equation}
to get for equation (\ref{19})
\begin{equation}
\label{21}-\frac 1\rho \frac \partial {\partial \rho }\left[ \rho \frac{%
\partial R}{\partial \rho }\right] +\left( \rho ^2-2\lambda +\frac{4m^2}{%
\rho ^2}\right) R=0.
\end{equation}

This equation will be solved in the next section. However, it is noteworthy
that, for the wave function to be a continuous function of $\theta $, when a
rotation by an angle of $2k\pi $ radians is performed, we must have only
half-integral values for $m$.

\section{Solution of the Equation}

The solution of equation (\ref{21}) follows a standard method which we will
only briefly sketch here. We begin by looking at the asymptotic behavior of
function $R(\rho )$ for very large values of the variable $\rho $. For this
case we put
\begin{equation}
\label{23}R(\rho )\stackrel{\rho \rightarrow \infty }{\longrightarrow }%
e^{-k\rho ^2}
\end{equation}
to find
\begin{equation}
\label{23a0}k=+1/2
\end{equation}
as the only physically acceptable asymptotic behavior.

For small values of the variable $\rho $ we might try
\begin{equation}
\label{23a}R(\rho )\stackrel{\rho \rightarrow 0}{\longrightarrow }\rho ^s
\end{equation}
to find
\begin{equation}
\label{23b}s=\pm 2\left| m\right| ,\pm 2\left| m\right| -1,
\end{equation}
giving the four possible asymptotic behaviors
\begin{equation}
\label{24}R(\rho )\stackrel{\rho \rightarrow 0}{\longrightarrow }\rho ^{\pm
2\left| m\right| },\rho ^{\pm 2\left| m\right| -1},
\end{equation}
where the first two choices select the even series by letting $a_0$ free
(and making $a_1\equiv 0$) and the second two choices select the odd series
by letting $a_1$ free (and making $a_0\equiv 0$). We shall choose the plus
sign on both cases because the wave function has to be finite at the origin $%
\rho =0$. We then have
\begin{equation}
\label{24a}R(\rho )\stackrel{\rho \rightarrow 0}{\longrightarrow }\rho
^{2\left| m\right| },\rho ^{2\left| m\right| -1}.
\end{equation}

We next search for an expression for all values of $\rho $ using the series
expansion
\begin{equation}
\label{25}R(\rho )=\rho ^se^{-\frac 12\rho ^2}\sum_na_n\rho ^n.
\end{equation}
Substitution of expression (\ref{25}) into equation (\ref{21}) gives the
following equation
\begin{equation}
\label{26}\sum_n\rho ^{-2}\left\{ \left[ \left( s+n\right) ^2-4\left|
m\right| ^2)\right] a_n\rho ^n-2\left[ \lambda -(1+s+n)\right] a_n\rho
^{n+2}\right\} =0,
\end{equation}
which gives, for the coefficients, the recursion relation
\begin{equation}
\label{27}a_{n+2}=\frac{2\left[ (1+s+n)-\lambda \right] }{\left(
n+s+2\right) ^2-4\left| m\right| ^2}a_n.
\end{equation}
At this point it is easy to see that both choices of $s$ in equation (\ref
{24a}) will give exactly the same recursion relation and so, also the same
series---direct substitution of $s=2\left| m\right| $ with $n$ even and
substitution of $s=2\left| m\right| -1$ with $n$ odd shows this. We then
will work only with the choice
\begin{equation}
\label{27a}s=2\left| m\right| .
\end{equation}

If the series in expression (\ref{25}) does not terminate, its asymptotic
behavior when $n\rightarrow \infty $ is
\begin{equation}
\label{28}\frac{a_n}{a_{n-2}}\rightarrow \frac 2n,
\end{equation}
which is the same as the term $\rho ^ne^{\rho ^2}$ and is not acceptable as
a physical asymptotic behavior. Then the series shall terminate; this is
accomplished by making the choice
\begin{equation}
\label{29}\lambda _N=(1+2\left| m\right| +N),
\end{equation}
for some value of $n=N$. Since $N$ must be a positive number, we
automatically find the relation
\begin{equation}
\label{29a}\left| m\right| \leq \frac{\lambda _N-1}2.
\end{equation}

The correct eigenfunction of the problem is given by
\begin{equation}
\label{30}R(\rho )=\rho ^{2\left| m\right| }e^{-\frac 12\rho
^2}\sum_{n=0}^Na_n\rho ^n\mbox{ }
\end{equation}
and is a solution of the system
\begin{equation}
\label{31}S_3\psi =\hbar m\psi \mbox{ ; }S^2\psi =\hbar ^2\left( \frac{%
\lambda _N-1}2\right) \left( \frac{\lambda _N+1}2\right) \psi .
\end{equation}
Comparing this last expression with
\begin{equation}
\label{32}S^2\psi =\hbar ^2\ell \left( \ell +1\right) \psi ,
\end{equation}
we find that
\begin{equation}
\label{33}\ell =\frac{\lambda _N-1}2.
\end{equation}
Equation (\ref{29a}) then means that
\begin{equation}
\label{34}\left| m\right| \leq \ell
\end{equation}
as expected.

The multiplicity of our functions might be calculated with the use of the
quantum number $\ell $. One might easily check that this multiplicity is
given by
\begin{equation}
\label{34a}2\ell +1=\lambda _N.
\end{equation}

The final eigenfunction of our problem might be written in the $(r,\theta )$
representation as
\begin{equation}
\label{35}\psi (r,\theta )=\left( \frac \alpha {\beta \hbar ^2}\right)
^{\left| m\right| /2}r^{2\left| m\right| }e^{2im\theta /\hbar }e^{-\frac
12\left( \alpha /\beta \hbar ^2\right) ^{1/2}r^2}\sum_{n=0}^Na_n\left( \frac
\alpha {\beta \hbar ^2}\right) ^{n/4}r^n,\mbox{ }
\end{equation}
where the coefficients $a_n$ are given by expression (\ref{27}) and the
ratio $\alpha /\beta $ is a structure constant used to identify the actual
particle we are interested in---as seen in expression (\ref{a1}). This
structure constant is necessary since our calculations were general and
reflect the behavior of any half-integer spin particle. It is then possible
to calculate quantities such as the radius of the particle in terms of this
constant by performing the integral
\begin{equation}
\label{35a}\overline{r}_{\ell ,\left| m\right| }(\alpha /\beta )=\int \psi
_{\ell ,\left| m\right| }^{\dagger }(r,\theta )r\psi _{\ell ,\left| m\right|
}(r,\theta )rdrd\theta .
\end{equation}
As an example we might find the radius of a half spin particle $(m=1/2,\ell
=1/2)$ using its density function
\begin{equation}
\label{be3}d(r)=\left| \psi \left( r,\theta \right) \right|
^2=N^2r^2e^{-\left( \frac \alpha {\beta \hbar }\right) ^{1/2}\ r^2},
\end{equation}
where $N$ is a normalization constant. This density is related with the
internal structure distribution of the half-integral spin particles and
shall not be interpreted as probability distributions---we might get the
mass distribution of the electron by multiplying the above expression by its
mass, for example.

The mean radius of this particle is
\begin{equation}
\label{be5}<r_{1/2,1/2}>=\frac{\int_0^\infty r^4e^{-\frac \alpha {\beta
\hbar }\ r^2}dr}{\int_0^\infty r^3e^{-\frac \alpha {\beta \hbar }\ r^2}dr}=
\frac{3\sqrt{\pi \hbar }}4\left( \frac \alpha \beta \right) ^{-1/4},
\end{equation}
where we notice that the bigger the structure constant, the smallest the
particle.

The first possible values of $\lambda $ are given in table I. In this table
we show the $\ell $ value related to the chosen $\lambda $ value and all
possible values of $\left| m\right| $. The values of the cutoff number $N$
and the multiplicity associated with $\ell $ is also shown. It is remarkable
that if we try to put odd values for variable $\lambda $, or else, integer
values for variable $\ell $, we cannot terminate the series in (\ref{35}),
since in this case the cutoff number $N$ is odd, which is not allowed by our
choice of the asymptotic behavior at the origin in expression (\ref{27a}).
Since the series does not terminate its asymptotic behavior for large values
of variable $\rho $ is no more given by expression (\ref{23}) and we must
reject these solutions.

We also plot the density distributions for the cases $(\ell =1/2,\left|
m\right| =1/2)$, $(\ell =7/2,\left| m\right| =7/2)$ and $(\ell =9/2,\left|
m\right| =3/2)$ in figures 1, 2 and 3 respectively.

Figure 1 shows that the $\ell =1/2$ spin particles structure is somewhat
like a ring (zero density at the origin) with maximum density at a radius $%
r_{\ell =1/2,\left| m\right| =1/2}$, depending on the
structure constant.

In figure 2 the same behavior of figure 1 is attained but we might see that
the distance of the maximum density from the origin is now $r_{\ell
=7/2,\left| m\right| =7/2}(\alpha /\beta )$ which is greater than the one
for the half spin case. We can visualize this as the increasing of a
`centrifugal' force giving the screening of the particle matter
distribution---we are considering the same value for the structure constant.

Figure 3 shows that the same ring structure will be present in all functions
(they depend on $r^{2\left| m\right| }$ which always makes the densities
tend to zero in the vicinities of the origin). For the cases where the
difference in the quantum numbers $\ell $ and $\left| m\right| $ are
different from zero we also find the appearance of nodes reflecting the
multiple ring structure of these particles. The number of these concentric
rings will be given by the expression $(\ell -\left| m\right| )+1$.

\section{Bose-Einstein Condensation}

In the previous paper (VI) we have shown that, if the parameter $\lambda $
has a lower bound, then the phenomenon of Bose-Einstein condensation will be
expected for some temperature $T_{cond}$. This is precisely what we have
found. In Table I we note that the parameter $\lambda $ has the value $%
\lambda _{\min }=2$ as a lower bound.

This implies that the fermion shall be supplied with at least the energy
\begin{equation}
\label{be10}E_{\min }=2\hbar \omega
\end{equation}
to continue to act as a fermion.

Because of this lower bound for the energy of the fermions we expect that,
at some value of the temperature, condensation takes place.

\section{Conclusion}

In these two papers we aimed at showing that: (1) the concept of spin is not
a particularity of the quantum mechanical formalism and might also be
represented in the realm of classical mechanics from where we can extract a
{\em model} for it (or a picture). (2) even in this case `space
quantization' might be obtained apart from a constant (phenomenologically
obtainable) which we relate to Planck's constant. (3) the concept of spin is
related to the symmetries generated by the Lie algebra associated with its
Lie Group (SU(2)); since this group is the same generated by classical
phase-space functions obeying the same Lie algebra with the product defined
as the Poisson bracket, there is no impossibility in deriving the concept of
classical spin. (4) this classical representation of the spin might be
`quantized' using traditional methods to derive a Schr\"odinger equation
which is an analytical representation for this quantity. The solution of
this equation, when squared, will give us information on the particle
internal structure, as for example its mass or charge distribution or its
mean radius, in terms of some characteristic constant related to each
particle and identifying it. (5) all expected quantum properties already
obtained by Heisemberg matrix calculations, using Pauli's matrices, are also
obtained with this method and this result reaffirms the formal identity
between Heisemberg's matrix calculus and Schr\"odinger's one. (6) spin is
not a characteristic of relativistic calculations although it is better
represented in the realm of this theory where Lorentz invariance might be
imposed. (7) fermionic Bose-Einstein condensation has a very intuitive
explanation by means of the minimum energy the fermions have to possess in
order to behave like fermions.

We hope that these calculations will help in clarifying some misconceptions
rather diffused in the literature about the classical {\it versus} quantum
status of half-spin particles and also about the possibility of an
analytical representation of the concept of half-spin.

Aside the epistemological aspects, we also hope that the possession of the
spin eigenfunctions will help the investigations in areas such as
superconductivity, Bose-Einstein condensation and many others.

\section{Acknowledgements}

The authors wish to thanks the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento
Cient\'ifico e Tecnol\'ogico  (CNPq) for sponsoring this research.

{\normalsize
\begin{table}
 \begin{center}
  \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline
{$\lambda$}&$\ell$&$\left|m\right|$&{\bf N}&{\bf Multiplicity}\\ \hline \hline
    2      & 1/2   &  1/2           &  0    &       2          \\ \hline
    3      &  1    &  1/2           &  1    &   $\infty$       \\ \hline
    4      & 3/2   &  1/2           &  2    &                  \\
           &       &  3/2           &  0    &       4          \\ \hline
    5      &  2    &  1/2           &  3    &   $\infty$       \\
           &       &  3/2           &  1    &   $\infty$       \\ \hline
    6      & 5/2   &  1/2           &  4    &                  \\
           &       &  3/2           &  2    &                  \\
           &       &  5/2           &  0    &       6          \\ \hline
    7      & 3     &  1/2           &  5    &   $\infty$       \\
           &       &  3/2           &  3    &   $\infty$        \\
           &       &  5/2           &  1    &   $\infty$       \\ \hline
    8      & 7/2   &  1/2           &  6    &                  \\
           &       &  3/2           &  4    &                   \\
           &       &  5/2           &  2    &                   \\
           &       &  7/2           &  0    &       8           \\ \hline
    9      & 4     &  1/2           &  7    &   $\infty$        \\
           &       &  3/2           &  5    &   $\infty$        \\
           &       &  5/2           &  3    &   $\infty$        \\
           &       &  7/2           &  1    &   $\infty$        \\ \hline
    10     & 9/2   &  1/2           &  8    &                   \\
           &       &  3/2           &  6    &                   \\
           &       &  5/2           &  4    &                   \\
           &       &  7/2           &  2    &                   \\
           &       &  9/2           &  0    &   10   \\  \hline \hline \hline
  \end{tabular}
\end{center}
 \caption{Values of $\lambda$ or $\ell$ in terms of $m$ and $N$.
          The multiplicity of each choice is also shown. \label{tabela1}}
\end{table}
}

\end{document}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Gone To Ground is the second album from Alfa 9. The self produced twelve song set was recorded in their home town of Newcastle-under-Lyme at their own Dungeon Studios, and mixed in London by Myles Clarke (The Who / Pete Townsend). Several years have gone by between the release of their debut Then We Begin and the band have remerged with Gone To Ground as a four piece.
"A pillow of jangly guitars and sweet harmonies. A beautiful record" SHINDIG!


What Doesn't Your Auto Insurance Cover?
Auto insurance covers you when you are driving an automobile, whether it be a car, truck or van, but what your auto insurance does and doesn't cover might surprise you.
While your vehicle is covered the items inside are not, unless they are part of the vehicle such as the stereo or GPS. If you have upgraded these systems you will want to make sure that they are covered as well. Depending on your policy the other people in your household or your friend borrowing your car are not usually covered under your policy unless you request it be written to include any driver of your vehicle.
Should you get into a collision with a motorist without insurance, and it's their fault, don't be surprised if your standard policy doesn't cover it. Make sure you add uninsured motorist to your policy to protect you in this event. The amounts covered might surprise you as well. From state to state minimum liabilities vary, and with so many people driving through Southern Nevada every day, protecting yourself with a higher limit might be in your best interest.
Rental cars are generally covered under your auto policy, at least for the damages to the vehicle. Should you wreck a rental car don't be surprised if a rental car company charges you fees in addition to the damages to the physical vehicle such as loss of use. Roadside assistance is another common perk built into your auto insurance policy. Before paying for a tow truck to jump start your car, change your tire or haul you to a repair shop, check out your policy or even call your provider to see if it is covered.
Want to know more about what your insurance could be doing for you? Contact EINSURE today.
Comment below to speak directly to an insurance broker in Las Vegas. Follow this blog for more information about auto, home, life and other insurances, and be sure to keep up with EINSURE on Facebook.


text:
Q: DPLYR lookup or join? How to approach this? I have two tables, both have the following fields:

*

*date

*id

*vegetables

*fruits

*metric

df2 is a subset of df1. df1 has ~8k records and df2 has about 4k.
My goal is to either create a new df or add a column to the parent data frame df1 with a true/false for whether or not the date/id combination exits in df2. A lookup basically.
Should I go the lookup table route or should I create a new data frame by joining df1 and 2?
I cannot join just on id, must be a combination of id and date since some ids return on different dates.
I tried left_join()
comb <- left_join(x = df1, y = df2, by=c("date", "id"))

But the result returned columns for fruits and vegetables for both when I really just wanted to retain df1 columns:

*

*date

*id

*vegetables.x

*fruits.x

*metric.x

*vegetables.y

*fruits.y

*metric.y

What I want is just:

*

*date

*id

*vegetables

*fruits

*InDF2 (boolean)

*metric

What is the best way to determine which rows (date + id) in df1 also exist in df2 (date + id)?

A: *

*Maybe paste the date and id into a vector for each df, say df1_vector and df2_vector

*Use %in%

*Try df1$df2_presence_check = paste(df1$date,df1$id) %in% paste(df2$date,df2$id)
EXAMPLE
set.seed(42)
a = sample(letters, 5)
b = sample(letters,15)
a %in% b
#[1] FALSE FALSE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE

#OR

b %in% a
#[1] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE  TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE  TRUE FALSE  TRUE FALSE

A: Here's a solution entirely in dplyr. I'm assuming that id and date represents and unique key.
Let's add some data for reproduciblity
set.seed(23489)
n <- 10

df1 <- data.frame(
  id=sample(1e4:9e4, n),
  date=sample(seq(as.Date('2015/01/01'), as.Date('2017/01/01'), by="day"), n),
  vegetables= c("Broccoli", "Cabbage", "Calabrese", "Carrots", "Cauliflower",
                "Celery", "Chard", "Endive", "Fiddleheads", "Frisee"),
  fruits=c("Jabuticaba", "Jackfruit", "Jambul", "Jujube", "Juniper berry",
           "Kiwi", "Kumquat", "Lemon", "Lime", "Loquat"),
  metric=rnorm(n=n)
)

df2 <- df1[sample(seq_len(nrow(df1)), n/2), ]

Next, we generate your desired output
df1 %>%
  left_join(select(mutate(df2, InDF2=TRUE), id, date, InDF2), by=c("id", "date")) %>%
  mutate(InDF2=ifelse(is.na(InDF2), FALSE, TRUE))

#       id       date  vegetables        fruits      metric InDF2
# 1  80283 2016-11-26    Broccoli    Jabuticaba  1.68765979 FALSE
# 2  14766 2016-10-18     Cabbage     Jackfruit -0.16774908 FALSE
# 3  19532 2015-03-29   Calabrese        Jambul -1.18328968  TRUE
# 4  46187 2015-03-09     Carrots        Jujube  1.83044569 FALSE
# 5  76852 2016-01-11 Cauliflower Juniper berry -0.05744373 FALSE
# 6  45507 2015-10-27      Celery          Kiwi -1.78166251 FALSE
# 7  65227 2016-07-07       Chard       Kumquat -1.84756162  TRUE
# 8  71433 2015-05-25      Endive         Lemon  0.77346596  TRUE
# 9  17002 2016-10-22 Fiddleheads          Lime  1.09118108  TRUE
# 10 52797 2015-06-29      Frisee        Loquat -0.46491328  TRUE


text:
Q: Update Record with Composite Key - Entity Framework Core I am having an issue updating a record with a composite key using EF Core 5 and Net Core 5. I am able to get the record using both parts of the composite key (two ids in my case) but when I save the changes to the database I get the following error:
Database operation expected to affect 1 row(s) but actually affected 24 row(s). Data may have been modified or deleted since entities were loaded. See http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=527962 for information on understanding and handling optimistic concurrency exceptions.
After looking in the database, it looks like entity framework is trying to update all the records in the table with same id (first part of the composite key) instead of updating the record that I got.
Has anyone else seen this behavior? Any ideas of how to get around it or what I might be doing wrong?
Here is a basic version of the table set up
Table1:
Id (PK)

Table2:
Id (PK),
Table1Id (PK, FK)

Scenario where it fails:
Table1:
Id
--
1
2

Table2:
Id, Table1Id
------------
1, 1
2, 1
1, 2
2, 2

If I try to update the first record in Table2 (1, 1), EF would try to update it and the third record (1, 2) and throw the above error.
Code:
// Getting record
var record = await context.Table2s
                          .FirstOrDefaultAsync(e => e.Id == 1 && e.Table1Id == 1, cancellationToken);

// Saving
await context.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);

// I have also tried specifying which record to update before saving
context.Table2s.Update(record);

Configuration for Table2:
builder.ToTable("Table2");
builder.HasKey(e => new { e.Id, e.Table1Id });

builder.HasOne(e => e.Table1)
                .WithMany(m => m.Table2s)
                .HasForeignKey(e => e.Table1Id)
                .OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Cascade);

A: It works in my own projects, I hope it will be useful.
protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder mb) {
   mb.Entity<WebServisUser>().HasKey(x => new
   {
       x.Proje, /* Composite Keys */
       x.KulAdi /* Composite Keys */
   });
   mb.Entity<WebServisUser>().Property(e => e.Proje).IsUnicode(false);
   mb.Entity<WebServisUser>().Property(e => e.KulAdi).IsUnicode(false);
}

I have added the link other functions for better understanding.
public static class Helper
    {
        public static bool IsNull(this object value) => (value == null || Convert.IsDBNull(value) || Convert.GetTypeCode(value) == TypeCode.Empty);
        public static bool IsNotNull(this object value) => !value.IsNull();
        public static string ToPropertyName(this Expression value)
        {
            if (typeof(LambdaExpression).IsAssignableFrom(value.GetType())) { value = ((LambdaExpression)value).Body; }
            if (value is MemberExpression e_mem) { return e_mem.Member.Name; }
            else if (value is UnaryExpression e_una) { return ((MemberExpression)e_una.Operand).Member.Name; }
            else { throw new InvalidCastException(String.Format("value type can be \"{0}\" or \"{1}\"", nameof(MemberExpression), nameof(UnaryExpression))); }
        }
        public static object ChangeType(object value, Type type)
        {
            var c = TryTypeIsNullable(type, out Type _outtype);
            return (c && value.IsNull()) ? null : (_outtype.IsEnum ? Enum.ToObject(_outtype, value) : Convert.ChangeType(value, c ? Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(type) : type));
        }
        public static void SetPropertyValue<T>(this T value, string propertyname, object data) where T : class
        {
            var p = typeof(T).GetProperty(propertyname);
            p.SetValue(value, data.IsNull() ? null : ChangeType(data, p.PropertyType));
        }
        public static bool TryTypeIsNullable(Type value, out Type outvalue)
        {
            var t = (value.IsGenericType && value.GetGenericTypeDefinition().Equals(typeof(Nullable<>)));
            outvalue = (t ? value.GenericTypeArguments[0] : value); return t;
        }
        public static bool TryTypeIsAttribute<T, Y>(T value, out Y outvalue) where T : ICustomAttributeProvider where Y : Attribute
        {
            bool ret;
            try
            {
                var v = value.GetType();
                var y = typeof(Y);
                if (typeof(Assembly).IsAssignableFrom(v) && Attribute.IsDefined((Assembly)((object)value), y)) { ret = true; }
                else if (typeof(MemberInfo).IsAssignableFrom(v) && Attribute.IsDefined((MemberInfo)((object)value), y)) { ret = true; }
                else if (typeof(Module).IsAssignableFrom(v) && Attribute.IsDefined((Module)((object)value), y)) { ret = true; }
                else if (typeof(ParameterInfo).IsAssignableFrom(v) && Attribute.IsDefined((ParameterInfo)((object)value), y)) { ret = true; }
                else { ret = false; }
                outvalue = ret ? value.GetCustomAttributes(y, false).Cast<Y>().Take(1).FirstOrDefault() : default;
            }
            catch
            {
                outvalue = default;
                ret = false;
            }
            return ret;
        }
        public static void SetCompositeKey<T, TKey>(this DbContext context, T entity, Expression<Func<T, TKey>> compositekey, TKey compositekeyvalue, Action<T> actionislem = null) where T : class, new()
        {
            var t = typeof(T);
            var c = compositekey.ToPropertyName();
            var ie_prop = typeof(T).GetProperties().Where(x => x.GetMethod.IsNotNull() && x.SetMethod.IsNotNull() && !x.GetMethod.IsVirtual && !x.SetMethod.IsVirtual && !Helper.TryTypeIsAttribute(x, out NotMappedAttribute _)).Select(x => new
            {
                name = x.Name,
                iskey = x.Name == c,
                iscompositekey = Helper.TryTypeIsAttribute(x, out KeyAttribute _outkeyvalue) && _outkeyvalue.IsNotNull() && Helper.TryTypeIsAttribute(x, out DatabaseGeneratedAttribute _outdatagenvalue) && _outdatagenvalue.DatabaseGeneratedOption == DatabaseGeneratedOption.None
            });
            if (ie_prop.Where(x => x.iscompositekey).Count() < 2) { throw new KeyNotFoundException("minimum of 2 composite keys exception message..."); }
            else if (ie_prop.Any(x => x.iscompositekey && x.iskey))
            {
                var addentity = new T();
                var e = context.Entry<T>(entity);
                var dbset = context.Set<T>();
                dbset.Attach(entity);
                foreach (var item in ie_prop.Select(x => new
                {
                    x.name,
                    x.iskey
                })) { addentity.SetPropertyValue(item.name, item.iskey ? compositekeyvalue : e.Property(item.name).OriginalValue); }
                dbset.Add(addentity); /* Insert record about new key value */
                if (actionislem.IsNotNull()) { actionislem(addentity); } /* If there are other areas of connection, do the operations there with the action method. */
                dbset.Remove(entity); /* delete old value */
            }
            else { throw new Exception("compositekey must be composite key exception message..."); }
        }
    }

and example
using (var mdl = new mdlBayUniOrtak())
            {
                using (var c = new TransactionScope())
                {
                    var beforeentity = mdl.WebServisUsers.Where(x => x.Proje == "loremipsum").Take(1).FirstOrDefault();
                    var e = new Action<WebServisUser>((WebServisUser afterentity) =>
                    {
                        /* Other actions if necessary. Other foreign key operations can be done here! */
                    });
                    mdl.SetCompositeKey(beforeentity, x => x.KulAdi, "galatasaray", e);
                    mdl.SaveChanges();
                    c.Complete();
                }
            }