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World Cup Memories: South Korea
South Korea were always the perennial Asian representatives in the World Cup, and even though I don't remember them from 1986, I remember them fondly as a fast, tireless crew. South Korea has appeared in the tournament on seven occasions before. They became the first and only Asian team to reach the semifinals and have won the Asian Cup in 1956 and 1960.
Memories of 1990 are scarce since they were deemed to be one of the "easy teams" in the tournament. They played the part and went three and out in the tournament losing games to Uruguay, Belgium and Spain.
In USA 94, things were a bit different. Korea had evolved into a firepower in Asia and also due to increased domestic play. They had an impressive match against Spain, coming back in the final five minutes to tie the game 2-2. They had a chance at surpassing the group stage with a victory against lowly Bolivia but they were thwarted by the "altiplano" side and settled for a scoreless tie. Next came a game against champions Germany. The game was set to be a slaughter as Klinsmann and crew were up 3-0 on the scoreboard at the half. The Koreans fought back just as they had against Spain and scored two goals early in the second half, giving them enough breathing space to dream. It was not to be however, but it did expose Germany's weaknesses (which Bulgaria would exploit later in the tournament).
Going into France 98 knowing they would play co-hosts in 2002 made the South Koreans hungry for good results. However, they were pitted against world veterans Holland, Mexico and Bulgaria. Two losses by wide margins against Mexico and Netherlands sank their hopes of advancing. A tie against Belgium was only a consolation.
If Asia as a whole was deemed to be the weakest confederation (outside of Oceania), then 2002 would prove us all wrong. Both Korea and Japan capitalized on home-field advantage and Korea would take their game all the way to the semifinals. 2002 was also the time for Park Ji-Sung to step into the spotlight (now a regular with Manchester United). Korea is actually a pretty special memory in this tournament since they were pitted against the USA. A dominant 2-0 win against Poland set them up for a decisive match against the Americans (which had beaten "contenders" Portugal). They started losing that match thanks to a goal from Clint Mathis but they would come back to tie the game. The last group game was against Portugal and all three teams (Portugal, USA and Korea) were depending on the outcome of the match. Park's goal in the 70th minute dispatched Luis Figo's side and, at the same time sealed their place in the second round, as well as the Americans.
This is certainly where the magic (and controversy) begins. Korea was pitted against three-time world cup winners, Italy, in their first game outside of group play. Christian Vieri's early goal was a dagger in the hearts of Korean fans, but, true to their fighting ways in 1994, Hyeon's goal in the 88th sent the game into extra time. Frencesco Totti would be ejected on a second-yellow for a soft dive in the area that would have resulted in an Italian PK. Later, Tomassi would be ruled offside although he clearly wasn't. Jung-Hwang would make it 2-1 in the 117th minute, unleashing a festival in the streets. Asia finally had a team in quarterfinals. The game's result was largely blamed on Ecuador's own Byron Moreno (the referee), and conspiracy theories suggested that FIFA wanted Italy out and Korea in to ensure a host nation would advance in the tournament.
Korea's game against Spain would spark further controversy, as it was Byron Moreno officiating once more. The game ended 0-0 and went to penalties, where the host nation prevailed. Their semifinal game against Germany resulted in a loss thanks to a late goal by Michael Ballack. Their luck also seemed to have run out when they lost the 3rd place match against Turkey.
In 2006, Korea was armed with several weapons playing their trade both domestically and in European teams. They were pitted against France, Switzerland and Togo. It started well for the Koreans, beating newcomers Togo and tying a struggling (at that point) French team. An eventual loss to Switzerland proved to be the difference, as France ended with 5 points, the Swiss with 7, and Korea with 4.
In 2010 they will play against Argentina, Greece and Nigeria in what could be considered a group of death of sorts (mid weight considering the South Americans play of late). Park is hoping to take his stellar Premier League game to new heights and the Asians are out to prove that they can advance in a World Cup outside of their own soil. Also in the team are Sung-Yong of Celtic, Chun-Yong of Bolton and Kim Nam-Il of Tom Tomks (Russia).
Highlights from 2002 game vs Italy:
Labels: 2002 WORLD CUP, BYRON MORENO, ITALIA 90, ITALY, JI-SUNG PARK, PORTUGAL, SOUTH KOREA, SPAIN, TOTTI, USA 94, WORLD CUP MEMORIES
MLS 2010 Attendance stats week 1
World Cup Memories: England
Confesions of a soccer fan: Jamaica in France 98
MLS 2010
MLS preseason: the live experience
World Cup Memories: Greece
MLS player strike?
US vs Holland: step by step


Managing the release of industrial waste cleansed of its toxins has a remarkable impact on an the environment. KRPA Holding reduced its waste from 27300 tons in 1993 to less than 5000 tons in 2000, a discernible contribution to the environment. Management of waste, chemical substances and other toxic or dangerous agents used by the company has been outsourced. New laws are coming in regarding waste disposal and management and packaging and the company will implement the legislation. However demanding, KRPA Holding wants to play its part in improving the quality of our environment.


A Mexican restaurant in Garden Grove, California had an unadvertised special on the menu this week -- crackheads falling from the ceiling.
A woman, who was believed to be high on crack cocaine, walked into the restaurant and headed straight for the restroom. Witnesses say she was in there for a long time and a line began to form outside.
Suddenly, they realized that she was no longer in the bathroom because they heard footsteps in the ceiling. Debris began to fall and diners scrambled to get out of the way. Moments later, she came crashing through the ceiling, landing hard on the floor as diners captured it on video.


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Academic Affairs announces organizational changes in the UTSA Graduate School
(Aug. 24, 2018) – UTSA Provost and Vice President for Academic Affairs Kimberly Andrews Espy and Interim Vice Provost for Graduate Studies and Dean of the Graduate School Can Saygin recently announced several organizational changes.
"Because graduate programming plays such a critical role in UTSA's strategic vision, it was important to ensure the structure and functions of the Graduate School align closely with those institutional goals," said Espy. "Most important, this direction was needed both to support our goal of increasing graduate enrollment and to better enable our students to thrive academically and professionally."
As part of the restructuring, the Graduate School is being reorganized into three operational units: Graduate Strategic Enrollment, Professional Development, and Academic Services. Notably, Graduate Strategic Enrollment combines the graduate recruitment and admissions functions into one area. Kristine Benne, who previously served as assistant dean and director of graduate recruitment and student engagement, will oversee that area as assistant dean and director of graduate strategic enrollment.
"These changes are intended to streamline administrative processes within the school and also to prepare for the university's adoption of a new budget model, which will better support management of graduate programs and facilitate accountability at the academic college level," said Saygin. "Additionally, an external review helped to validate this direction to re-envision the Graduate School as a service organization."
A number of personnel changes have been made as part of the Graduate School restructuring. UTSA faculty members Gerald Juhnke, Mariela Rodriguez and Janakiram Seshu, who each hold part-time positions as associate deans in the Graduate School, will resume their faculty roles full-time effective December 31, 2018. These associate dean positions within the Graduate School are being eliminated from the school's administrative structure.
"We are enormously grateful to Drs. Juhnke, Rodriguez and Seshu for their administrative service but even more so for their steadfast dedication to UTSA's graduate students," said Espy. "Their talents as instructors, scholars and mentors are most critically needed in their home departments where they can work more directly with those students and have the greatest impact for the university."
Additionally, several graduate school staff members will join other units within Academic Affairs in order to strengthen these areas that are vital to the success of several institutional initiatives:
Ana Leos, who was serving as associate director of graduate admissions and international student services, will join the Office of International Programs. Additionally, she will continue to support the Salesforce customer relationship management (CRM) system implementation project at the institutional level.
Monica Rodriguez, who was serving as assistant dean and director of graduate admissions, will join the Office of Institutional Effectiveness to support graduate program review and efforts related to National Research University Fund (NRUF) eligibility, which is part of the Research Excellence initiative. Administrative associate Evelyn Vanderburg also is joining the Office of Institutional Effectiveness to assist with process mapping and improvement projects.
Cyrus Fernandez, who was serving as assistant director of student success and professional development, will join University College to support experiential learning initiatives for undergraduates.
Marketing coordinator Elda Barajas and office assistant Rochelle Arruda will join a newly organized Academic Communications team.
The UTSA Graduate School offers more than 120 doctoral and master's degree programs and certificates. Most recently, UTSA began a new Ph.D. program in civil engineering this fall. More than 4,200 graduate students are enrolled across seven colleges and the Graduate School.
— Rebecca Luther
Explore the UTSA Graduate School.
Connect with UTSA online at Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram and LinkedIn.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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About The UjianNasional
Peter M. DeLorenzo has been immersed in all things automotive since childhood. Privileged to be an up-close-and-personal witness to the glory days of the U.S. auto industry, DeLorenzo combines that historical legacy with his own 22-year career in automotive marketing and advertising to bring unmatched industry perspectives to the Internet with Ujian-nasional.info, which was founded on June 1, 1999. DeLorenzo is known for his incendiary commentaries and laser-accurate analysis of the automobile business, as well as racing and the business of motorsports. Author. Commentator. Influencer. The Consigliere. Minister of the High-Octane Truth. DeLorenzo is considered to be one of the most influential voices commenting on the business today.
DeLorenzo's latest book is Witch Hunt (Octane Press ). It is available on Amazon in both hardcover and Kindle formats, as well as on iBookstore. DeLorenzo is also the author of The United States of Toyota.
Follow UjianNasional
HERE'S TO THE ONES WHO DREAM.
Editor's Note: Peter has been struggling with an illness for going on two weeks now, so we're going to re-run one of our favorite columns from last year as he definitely needs the break. -WG
By Peter M. DeLorenzo
Detroit. Though I'm tired of using the term "swirling maelstrom" to describe this business, I have yet to find a more apt descriptor. It's a land where you're only as good as your last hit, a state of mind where you're forced to make what's happening right now work, while struggling to make what's happening next come into focus. It's a cruel, nonsensical world that punishes those who would deign to march to a different drummer, but it's only those who dare to break through that gauntlet who rise to the top.
It's easy to get mired in the minutiae of this business - the endless meetings, the constant "reviews," the endless hand-wringing and second (and third) guessing. Overthinking might be an operational component in corporate America, but in the automobile business it's a full-blown cottage industry, which makes effectual decisions extremely hard to come by. Why? Because 90 percent of the time is spent worrying about what an upper executive in question might want or might be thinking, which forces underlings to become interpreters and acquire the skill set of nuanced anticipation.
This business is unfortunately littered with so-called genius executives who parachute into the decision process, make a few pronouncements, then helicopter out. And the worst part of this phenomenon is that they come back six weeks later and question why a particular direction was undertaken, totally forgetting that's what he or she directed. Thus, time, effort and money are wasted at a prodigious rate because executives are too self absorbed to get their heads out of their asses and realize how destructive their behavior is. And no, it isn't exclusive to the automobile business, but it's decidedly more pathetic when product programs or advertising campaigns are on the line.
And yes, product. Product is the straw that stirs the drink, the raison d'etre of the automobile business. It's not selling air. It's not about what a company's vision of down the road will be. That's all well and good and fine and wonderful, but it's not the business now and it isn't the business for the next 36 months. It's about product cadence, which means having the right products, at the right time, for the right market segments. Whatever a company's vision is for the future doesn't matter if it isn't generating serious profits to fund that future.
Remarkably enough, some companies forget all of this. They get sidetracked and off kilter, they chase their tails, they start listening to the dulcet tones of their own thought balloons, and they become buried under the heavy mantel of their own hubris. In short, they lose their way and start making mistakes. Except this isn't a business that tolerates mistakes. It's not a strike three business, either. Two strikes and you're out. And in this league, playing catch-up is not only a brutally tough and long road, sometimes it just doesn't work out. And in the new reality of this globally-driven automobile business, some car companies are just not going to make it.
The companies stocked with True Believers, the ones unafraid to dream, the ones focused on delivering the best in all aspects of this business - Design, Engineering, Product Development, Marketing - will succeed. It not only requires savvy management, it requires a complete cessation of the normal bureaucratic cesspool that paralyzes these companies, which means loosening the reins of the True Believers so that they can do what they're capable of doing.
When it comes to The Future of this business, I will bet on the companies who value their True Believers, because those companies who refuse to do so will be ringing their death knells.
And that's the High-Octane Truth for this week.
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Senior Living 55 + Brand New 2018 Silver Crest Home, 2 bedroom 2 bath with an open floor plan. The kitchen has a beautiful island with rollouts and soft close drawers, corian counter tops, pantry, stainless steel appliances with a microwave hood. Two bedrooms with large walk in closets. The master bath has dual sinks, garden tub and walk in shower. This home has a large laundry room and linen closet in the hall. This home is a beauty!


Rural marketeers, researchers and policy markers deliberated on the current trends and impact of emerging digital communication in India's rural markets.
The Vice President of India, M. Venkaiah Naidu has said that the research and scientific innovations must aim at benefiting the farmers. He was delivering the 19th Convocational address at Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, in Kanpur on Monday.
President Ram Nath Kovind at World Food India-2017 said that food is culture – but food is also commerce. India's food consumption is currently valued at US $370 billion. It is expected to reach $1 trillion by 2025, in less than a decade.
NCCD seeking redressal of higher GST on equipment and other auxiliaries that go into cold storage making.


One day after Amazon launched its first elevated fashion mini site with Derek Lam's 10 Crosby, Neiman Marcus indicated it will be shutting it's eBay store effective immediately. Both e.commerce sites are feeling the pressure to increase their market share of the online fashion business, but Amazon seems to be the front runner of the two.
Understanding the need for a beautiful shopping experience, Amazon has leased a 40,000 square-foot space in Williamsburg (Brooklyn), New York which will serve as a dedicated photo studio. This is in addition to their first TV commercial focused on the category. The company insists their move into this realm isn't about gaining competitive share for the sake of it, "It's oriented to the fact we have rabidly loyal customers, and we want to offer them every category they want to buy," Cathy Beaudoin, Amazon's President of Fashion told WWD last week.
10 Crosby's CEO Jan Schlottmann summarized the value of the deal simply, "We can give Amazon the value of the brand - and they give us the rest". The rest being editorial content, world-class distribution and e.commerce capabilities - all while maintaining the brand's integrity. Visit the 10 Crosby shop here.
Want to learn more about Retail Buying strategy and E-Commerce? Subscribe to our courses and workshops anytime.
You're also welcome to our newsletter, The Weekly.


For more than 100 years AAA has provided its customers with peace of mind on and off the road.
Each of our stores has an Automotive Service Excellence (ASE) Certified Master Technician supervising and assisting with a full range of repairs, from simple oil and filter changes to complete engine replacement.
Our friendly, knowledgeable, and professional staff members welcome you to each of our 35 locations in the Carolinas. We feature comfortable and clean waiting rooms, FREE shuttle service, complementary coffee bars, and FREE WiFi.
We are factory authorized distributors and offer great pricing on a wide selection of tires from Michelin, BFGoodrich, Uniroyal, and Nexen!
Up to 5 quarts Compass brand motor oil, multi-point inspection, and standard oil filter. Offer represents $20 discount off retail $39.95 oil change price and may be applied to Valvoline Full Synthetic or MaxLife High Mileage oil change retail prices. We follow vehicle manufacturers' guidelines on oil viscosity, type, designation, and/or brand. Offer valid on most vehicles. Limit one coupon per transaction. Not valid with any other coupon or discount. No cash value. Plus tax, supply, and disposal fees.
Tires not included. Most Vehicles. Limit one coupon per transaction. Not valid with any other coupon or discount. No cash value. Plus tax, supply, and disposal fees. Not valid for AAA Carolinas employees.
$30 off four tires or $10 off two tires. Most vehicles. No cash value and may not be combined with any other coupon or discount. Plus tax, supply and disposal fees. Limit one coupon per transaction. Not valid for AAA Carolinas employees.


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Spider-Man game gets Far From Home suits update
You really have to hand it to Insomniac Games, it is really trying to add extra life to its Spider-Man game. In celebration of the...
Spider-Man PS4 Gets Updated With Two More Costumes
Another update is on the way for the Spider-Man game with two new outfits for you to sling around town in. The new costumes coming...
Marvel's Spider-Man Finally Gets the Sam Raimi Suit
Brandon Russell - December 20, 2018
Over the past few months, Insomniac Games has diligently added content updates to Marvel's Spider-Man, adding hours of gameplay and awesome suits. It looks...
The Final DLC for Marvel's Spider-Man on PS4 Has Been Revealed
In the third and final DLC (launching December 21) for Marvel's Spider-Man, players will get the opportunity to swing around New York City in...
Spider-Man: Turf Wars DLC Adds Three Awesome Suits
Sony this week announced more details for the second DLC, titled Turf Wars, headed to Spider-Man for PlayStation 4. Releasing on November 20, the...
Spider-Man PS4's Second DLC Brings Hammerhead to New York
Insomniac Games this week officially confirmed when the second DLC for Marvel's Spider-Man on PS4 will launch: November 20. The new content is titled...
Spider-Man PS4 Bundle Marked Down for Black Friday at Target
Sean Aune - November 1, 2018
Halloween is barely in the rearview mirror and already the leaks for Black Friday are beginning. While that isn't something we normally would report...
'Spider-Man PS4' video shows off amazing 'Batman: Arkham' inspired gameplay
Chris Begley - June 12, 2017
Last year at E3, Sony and Insomniac Games announced Spider-Man as a PlayStation 4 exclusive, and this year they were back with an incredible...
'Spider-Man PS4' to skip PSX and The Game Awards
Noah Griego - November 30, 2016
Insomniac Games sent out a tweet today sure to disappoint many. The gaming studio took to Twitter to announce that they will not be...
'Spider-Man PS4' release date won't likely be announced "anytime soon"
Noah Griego - August 1, 2016
If you were looking forward to hearing more juicy details, or finding out when the much anticipated PlayStation 4 exclusive 'Spider-Man' game would release,...


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Cloakroom 3 arena
The Arena donates all the left lost property that isn't claimed after a certain time to Barnardos. As one of the UK's leading children's charities, Barnardo's works directly with over 200,000 children, young people and their families every year.
Arena Mall has the biggest parking area in Budapest with 2,800 parking spaces in a two storey garage. Parking is free of charge during the first 3 hours every day. In the parking area all road safety rules are enforced. The parking area is not guarded. For further information please read the Parking Rules which are displayed at the entrances. 3 June 2021 Premier League Darts 11 February 2021 JLS 12 June 2021 Paul Heaton and Jacqui Abbott 7 April 2021 View All Upcoming Shows A Private Members Club at 3Arena The cloakroom can be found once you've entered the arena at entrance E. Coats cost £3.00 and Bags cost £5.00. You will need to pay by credit or debit card only. The cloakroom will close 30 minutes after the end of the show. Any items not collected after the show will be kept for a maximum of 7 days. A cloakroom, or sometimes coatroom, is a room for people to hang their coats, cloaks or other outerwear when they enter a building. Cloakrooms are typically found inside large buildings, such as gymnasiums, schools, churches or meeting halls. Jun 25, 2018 · Mount Vernon Triangle was once a no-go zone at night. Now, more than four years after the Cloakroom's collapse, the club has returned to a much gentrified area. The cloakroom for those in the standing area can be found once you've entered the arena at entrance E. Coats are £3 each and Bags are £5 each. You will need to pay by credit or debit card only. The cloakroom will close 30 minutes after the end of the show. Any items not collected after the show will be kept for a maximum of 7 days.
Arena Mall has the biggest parking area in Budapest with 2,800 parking spaces in a two storey garage. Parking is free of charge during the first 3 hours every day. In the parking area all road safety rules are enforced. The parking area is not guarded. For further information please read the Parking Rules which are displayed at the entrances.
Dictionary entry overview: What does cloakroom mean? • CLOAKROOM (noun) The noun CLOAKROOM has 2 senses: 1. a private lounge off of a legislative chamber. 2. a room where coats and other articles can be left temporarily Familiarity information: CLOAKROOM used as a noun is rare. 2 days ago · Garza has until August 3 to withdraw from the NBA Draft. Nichole Harris Iowa center Luka Garza celebrates after crossing the 20-point threshold for his fourteenth straight game during a men's basketball game between Iowa and Penn State on Saturday, Feb. 29 at Carver-Hawkeye Arena. There is no cloak room at the arena due to the number of people the arena can hold,(21000). All bags are checked on the doors when entering the arena,with signage in place telling people on arrival. Quake 3 Arenas, also called Arenas: The Episodes and Quake: Arenas, is a series of animated fan films made by Joe Goss that adds an in-depth plot to the Quake III Arena game. The main character is the Doomguy who, unlike in the original Doom games, now talks. Season 2 was cancelled due to budget problems. Tritin Films will be releasing what was completed in May of 2012.
3 June 2021 Premier League Darts 11 February 2021 JLS 12 June 2021 Paul Heaton and Jacqui Abbott 7 April 2021 View All Upcoming Shows A Private Members Club at 3Arena
Cloakroom You can deposit larger bags and other items you don´t want or are not allowed to bring into the Arena in our cloakroom for 50 SEK per item (card payment only). You find it at Ericsson Globe (entrance 6). It opens at 3 p.m. Merchandise cloakroom definition: 1. a room in a public building such as a restaurant, theatre, etc. where coats, bags, and other…. Learn more. Cloakroom basins aren't only for a downstairs cloakroom. Britain has many a small bathroom that's in need of as many great space-saving options as possible. One such option is a small wash basin that either sits neatly against a wall, and has a shorter than usual projection in to the room; or a narrower-than-usual hand basin that still The Cloak Room Brighton is a new craft beer bar in kemptown, east central. Serving craft beers, craft gins and delicious wines and incredible food from Rufios (Lost Boys Chicken). We have two spacious booths for larger groups and plenty of seating for smaller visitors. The Cloakroom Kitchen & Bar Arrive at The Cloakroom Kitchen & Bar and step back in time for a moment at as you immerse yourself in the retro inspired ambiance. Indulge in classic craft cocktails and elevated bar bites as you peek around at the black and white photographs of the beloved celebrities of the time—like Rat Pack and Kennedy. cloakroom meaning: 1. a room in a public building such as a restaurant, theatre, etc. where coats, bags, and other…. Learn more.
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Custom Pickup Truck Beds – Post-oil crisis, compact vehicles, including pickup trucks, are in high demand in the United States. Chevrolet brought an Isuzu pickup that was given a badge as LUV and then added the S10 developed domestically. Dodge imported a Mitsubishi model called the D50 and then carried out its own Rampage. Ford used Mazda which he sold as a Courier until he streamlined the Ranger himself.
Toyota and Nissan have popular entries on the compact pickup truck market and Subaru entered into that action also when the president of Subaru of America requested a base in Japan for vehicles that would have a unique appeal.
The result was Subaru Brat, who not only had a four-wheel drive but four seats – two of which were installed facing back on a pickup truck bed.
A 1983 Subaru Brat is Pick of the Day. The trucklet is advertised on ClassicCars.com by specialist dealers in Alsip, Illinois.
Like the ad records, Brat stands for All-Terrain Transporter Bi-Drive.
The ad notes that Brat was never sold in Japan; it is an export vehicle only, and that the jumping seat facing back is welded on the spot and has adjustable headrests, seat belts and grab handles.
The Brat for sale is a very good "rust-free Montana vehicle," the seller noted, adding that he has a 1.8-liter Subaru 1.8-liter engine, 4-speed manual transmission, AM / FM / Cassette audio system, air conditioning, driving lights, adjustable pop-up roof panel and steering column.
Painted in World Rally Blue with dark blugs and gray interiors, custom cargo mattresses / carpets, and golden Enkei wheels.
The odometer shows 216,497 miles, but the vehicle looks neat in many photos that are part of the ad. The asking price is $ 14,900.
Related Post "Custom Pickup Truck Beds, Remember the Subaru Brat with seats in the pickup bed?"


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Q: Add together values of unique column combinations in data frame I have a data frame that looks like this:
  iso_o iso_d     value
1   ABW   AFG       5
2   AFG   ABW       100
3   NDL   ALB       17
4   NDL   ARE       4758
5   ALB   NDL       13
6   ABW   ARM       10

I now want to combine all occurrences of pairs in the "iso_o" and "iso_d" columns to and sum up the value they have in "value". So for example, the pair ABW - AFG should only occur one time with the value 105, NDL - ALB also only one time with the value 30. Like this:
  iso_o iso_d     value
1   ABW   AFG       105
2   NDL   ALB       30
3   NDL   ARE       4758
4   ABW   ARM       10

Any ideas on how to do this?

A: base R
l <- apply(df[1:2], 1, \(x) toString(sort(x)))
agg <- aggregate(value ~ match(l, l),
          data = df, FUN = sum)
cbind(df[agg[[1]], 1:2], agg[2])

#   iso_o iso_d value
# 1   ABW   AFG   105
# 3   NDL   ALB    30
# 4   NDL   ARE  4758
# 6   ABW   ARM    10

dplyr
You can group_by the rowwise sorted values of iso_o and iso_d:
library(dplyr)
df %>%
  rowwise() %>%
  mutate(sorted = list(sort(c(iso_o, iso_d)))) %>%
  group_by(sorted) %>%
  summarise(across(iso_o:iso_d, first),
            value = sum(value)) %>%
  select(-sorted)

# A tibble: 4 × 3
  iso_o iso_d value
  <chr> <chr> <int>
1 ABW   AFG     105
2 NDL   ALB      30
3 NDL   ARE    4758
4 ABW   ARM      10

A: Here is a tidyverse approach:
df %>% group_by(iso_o, iso_d) %>% mutate(value = sum(value)) %>% ungroup() %>% distinct()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


confers immunity by exposing the body to a small but entirely harmless dose of the disease in question.
Kittens are usually protected during the first few weeks of life by an immunity passed through the mother's first milk (colostrum). However, this immunity fades rapidly, leaving the kitten susceptible to disease within a few weeks. At this point, vaccination can take over in providing protection.
The first time a kitten is vaccinated a course of two injections is usually given, separated by at least a couple of weeks. This primary course can be given to kittens as young as nine weeks of age – but if you acquire a kitten that's already older, talk to your vet as soon as possible about vaccination timings. The vet will also want to give your new kitten a general check – up.
When can my kitten meet other cats?
Vaccination doesn't work immediately; it takes a few days for immunity to develop. Your vet will advise you on when it's safe to let your kitten interact with other animals – and how to let it outside for the first time, safely.
Immunity to disease may gradually fade, leaving your cat at risk. Depending on the disease, boosters may be needed. An annual visit to your vet will allow for a general health check and for any necessary boosters to be given.
of course, your vet will need to see this certificate, so always keep it in a safe place.
What disease do we vaccinate against?
An unpleasant often fatal disease. Fortunately, vaccination has been extremely successful in controlling the disease and it is now relatively rare.
A viral disease transmitted when cats fight each other – or even during grooming. The disease can take months to develop after infection but then it begins to suppress the cat's immune system, causing secondary infections, tumours and death. Not long ago, feline leukaemia was bot widespread and common, but vaccination is now gradually bringing it under control.
Some cats are vaccinated against this common cause of potentially severe conjunctivitis. It is mainly seen in kittens in multicat households.
A fatal disease not found in the UK. Vaccination is mandatory if you plan to take your cat abroad.
exposing the body to a small but entirely harmless dose of the disease in question.
Puppies are usually protected during the first few weeks of life, thanks to immunity passed through the mother's first milk(colostrum). However, this immunity fades rapidly, leaving the puppy susceptible to disease within a few weeks. At this point, vaccination can take over from the mother in providing protection.
The first time a puppy is vaccinated a course of two injections is usually given, separated by two more or more weeks. This primary course can be started as early as six weeks of age – but since most are already older than that when they are bought, it's vital to talk to your vet as soon as possible about vaccination timings. The vet will also want to give your new puppy a general check – up.
When can my puppy meet other animals?
Immunity to disease may fade, leaving your dog at risk.
For some diseases, boosters may be needed every 3 or 4 years but for some annually.
An annual visit to your vet will allow for a general health check and for necessary boosters to be given.
You'll be given a certificate that contains a record of the vaccination and tells you when the next booster is due. Boarding kennels, training classes and, of course, your vet will need to see this certificate, so always keep it in a safe place.
A hardy virus that can survive for long periods in the environment. Caused major epidemics in the 1970's and remains widespread in pockets throughout the UK. Usually fatal.
Another severe, usually fatal disease, mercifully rare in the UK in recent years due to vaccination. However, major outbreaks have occurred in Europe.
Still exists in the UK, although now rare due to vaccination. Often fatal.
Contracted from the urine of rats and/or other dogs. Canals and rivers can be contaminated, and bacteria that cause this disease are widespread in the UK. Can also cause severe disease in humans (Weils disease).
Extremely unpleasant whooping cough-like infection, usually transmitted in places where dogs gather together (kennels, shows and also parks where lots of dogs are walked). The disease may occasionally be life-threatening typically in young puppies and other dogs with a weakened immunity.
Fatal disease, not found in dogs in the UK. Vaccination is required if your dog is travelling abroad.


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In the Company of Unreal Creatures - La Compagnie Créature
In September I went back to see the Charleville-Mézières Puppet Festival... Festival Mondial des Théâtres de Marionnettes, which is held in the town every two years. My first visit was in 2011 and I vowed then that I'd return. During each festival, all the streets radiating out from the vast central square - la Place Ducale - are overtaken by all kinds of performers and performances, of all nationalities.
This year was no different, except that one group of performers had taken centre stage in Place Ducale and seemed to be the focal point to all the activity in the square. Compagnie Créature had mounted 15 theatrical 'sets' in an oval formation. Each of these had its own individual theme, yet remained closely linked to all the others to reveal the universe of Les Irréels. This was indeed a strange parallel world, populated by imaginary creatures that were half-beast, half man, yet did not seem to step from ancient mythology or from feel-good anthropomorphism. Sometimes the creatures could be related to a species of the animal kingdom, but this was not always so....
Certainly, there were a great deal of children in the crowds that amassed in front of each 'performance', but in fact Les Irréels seemed to address the infant in every person, regardless of age. It made the adults question all that separates the grown-up world of certitudes from that of childhood trust in make-believe and possibility. Although the majority of the children understood that the creatures were not 'real', the silence and tranquility of these strange beasts gave them a nobility and grace that made them want to interact. These were not marionnettes, but were performers in elaborate costume and facial masks, but that basic fact was soon forgotten due to the mesmerizing effect.
As the creatures busied themselves with their given occupation they drew in an audience fascinated by this odd spectacle of different characters, all inciting varying reactions and emotions. The performance flows over time - literally hours - there is no beginning or end for this is no scripted show; the creatures simply get on with their allotted tasks but are ever-attentive to the audience. Had Les Irréels been upfront and chatty, the spell would probably have been broken. As it was, the lack of words created an incredible proximity and communication with the audience. The reactions of the children were very touching to watch as they interacted as they could, totally absorbed in the whole event.
They were in turns a little intimidated by the grandeur of these beasts, rather frightened of some forms and features (and not without reason!) and just in awe and admiration of others. But however they felt, they went up to the creatures to try to speak to them.
Apparently, the initial aims of the founders of Compagnie Créature was to create a theatrical universe that presents the youngest public with universal, timeless themes that may often seem difficult or too sensitive to approach. Through a world of poetry, gesture and mime, the audience is led by the imaginary to think about the real world around them and find the humane/human therein. The dramatic art here brings us face to face with the dramas that punctuate our lives, and accompanies us as we do so, with warmth, peace and tranquility.
The theatrical artifice of the Irréels seems to bring out the realities of human existence, stripping away the layers of adult 'truths' that cover up reality with a child-like candour. Compagnie Créature was founded at Blagnac, near Toulouse in 1990 by a couple dedicated to the universe of the theatre, the plastic arts and puppetry. It is the daughter of Michel Broquin and Odile Brisset, Lou Broquin, who conceived and leads the project of les Irréels, accompanied by her mother, sisters and an expanding group of fellow performers.
There are 15 themes in the Irréels, each explored by a different identity, set within a unique backdrop, rich in colour, density of detail and heavy in symbolism. The symbolic does not, however, have a stifling, stuffy weight; each theme is intricate yet simple, like a carefully woven cloth that invites you to touch and examine it to see just how it 'works'. Just as these creatures are not some cozy, crazy modern twist on Beatrix Potter's characters, the role of each of these imaginary beasts responds to a very real need in our universe.
In front of each set, the title of each hybrid beast is clearly stated, along with its 'role' in the bigger picture. Yet these are not simply 'explanations' for the benefit of the younger public; they are addressed to us all, so that we may ponder over our own fears, hopes, losses and loves. How do our lives 'work' and what would Life be like if the Irréels really could work their magic in the real world. What separates this imaginary universe from ours? Childhood from adulthood?
There was no fixed beginning or end to the collection of sets and many people seemed to go back to look at these again and again as the magical combination of simplicity, serenity and sophistication took its grip.
La Dorloteuse d'Enfance
One of the first I encountered was the Dorloteuse d'Enfance - The Pamperer of Childhood - whose role, as stated on the sign in a rather more poetic French, is " to give life back to the scraps of childhood years and to make our past states re-emerge in the present"...
Her set is appropriately crowded with the bric à brac of childhood - old toys and games . The soft nursery colours, just like the Dorloteuse herself, are warm and comforting. The same impression was given by the Réchauffeuse d'Hivers - The Warmer of Winters - a sleek, feline figure who the children gladly approached...
La Réchauffeuse d'Hivers
Her role is "to knit hope in order to heat our cold interiors" - both material and emotional - with her gentle demeanor and her numerous spools of thread, spindles of yarn and balls of wool that fill her set. She 'tucks in' her audience with her soft blankets and warm throws in order to get them through the harsh, wintery moments of Life.
In the same vein, but on a more personal level, the Raccomodeuse de Coeurs - the Mender of Hearts - welcomes her public as she busies herself with her numerous tasks in her colourful space...
La Raccomodeuse de Coeurs
As excellent seamstress, the Raccomodeuse sews up bruised and broken hearts, darning frayed sentiments and repairing the weakened stitches in love stories...
The Raccomodeuse de Coeurs is accompanied by the Brodeuse d'Amour who brings Love back to life in our own lives through her bright sequins, ribbons and pearls...
La Brodeuse d'Amour
The incredible vibrancy and openness of this scene is offset by the closed, shady environment of the Veilleuse de Mystères...
La Veilleuse de Mystères
Inside her hut, the Veilleuse - or the Guardian of Mystery - is barely visible beyond the peepholes, her slow, shrouded movements are just perceptible. We catch a tantalizing glimpse as she turns...
She assures that the mysteries of Life remain intact, safe from the ravages of logical vision that rationalizes everything away to produce the plain, palatable blandness that is often associated with the world of adults.
La Berceuse de Secrets
With a similar desire, the Berceuse de Secrets - the Lullaby-Singer of Secrets - endeavours to soothe and protect our innermost secrets.
With her soft, discreet melodies she incubates these secrets in the depths of her wooded environment, right up their their liberation...
L'Accompagnateur d'Absents
In his lair, the Accompagnateur d'Absents cut an eerie figure that seemed to inhabit the dark, dank corners of a mythological underworld...
Despite evoking the dead, his purpose is reanimate their living memories in us through his music. Likewise, the Rafistoleur de Mémoire - the Mender of Memory - works on the elements of life that have slipped into oblivion yet need to be restored in a mindful present.
Le Rafistoleur de Mémoire
The Mender seeks to patch up our memories of the past and like an archeologist he will piece these together again, so that they are no longer forgotten, buried under the weight of time. His hut is full of the artifacts that make up the scrapbook of our existence. Just as an elephant never forgets, his role is to ensure that we no longer do so either...
In order to wash out or water down any moments that may soil or sour a pristence, sweet existence, the Lessiveuse de Malheurs - the Washwoman of Woes and Misfortunes - offers her services...
La Lessiveuse de Malheurs
The washerwoman flushes out sadness, and removes the greyness and grime that may dullen our lives. Her cleansing provides the brightness and freshness usually associated with childhood.
Toiling beside the Washerwoman was the Pêcheur d'Espoir - the Fisherman of Hope - who indeed resembles an amphibious creature, with his mud-coloured clothing and fishing equipment.
Le Pêcheur d'Espoir
His role is simply to catch Hope and return it to the world so that we regain faith in the idea that everything is possible.
So that we may advance freely with open minds, fed on curiosity and eagerness, the Marmiton de Passion is there to accompany us with his recipes....
Le Marmiton de Passion
This Kitchen-Hand in Passion is ready to cook up concoctions that will fill us with enthusiasm for numerous things, thus liberating us from doubt or hesitation.
So that we can follow our path in life in good company, the Tisseuse de Liens - the Weaver of Relations uses her needlework skills to bring people together...
La Tisseuse de Liens et La Traceuse de Chemins
Once the Weaver's work is done, the Traceuse de Chemins - the Path Setter - will trace out the paths that we will tread together...
The Rêveur d'Amis Imaginaires - the Dreamer of Imaginary Friends - will ensure our journey in life is not a solitary one.
Le Rêveur d'Amis Imaginaires
His role, as stated on the sign is "to dream, invent and draw the friends that populate his spirit, before they go on to join Humans"...
But to be truly free in life, we need the services of the Chasseur de Terreurs who will help us tame our innermost fears and train our unwieldy trepidation...
Le Chasseur de Terreurs
The Tamer of Terror will enable us to perform in the theatre of our lives, as bold actors not passive extras.
It was interesting to see how the children reacted to the imposing form and impressive facial expression of the Tamer.... But curiosity took the upperhand, and the Irréels had operated their magic.
From tomorrow - Christmas Day no less - the Compagnie Créature will be in Seville, Spain. What a great Christmas present for the locals!
Posted by Beach-Combing Magpie at Thursday, December 24, 2015
Labels: Compagnie Créature, Festival Mondial des Théâtres de Marionnettes, Les Irréels
In the Company of Unreal Creatures - La Compagnie ...
Turtles of Peace in Paris - Les Tortues de la Paix...
The Fabled Hare...


A street team is one of the most unique and interesting ways to distribute your marketing message, whatever your industry. By reaching people when they least expect it, you create a great buzz for your brand while educating, promoting, and getting people involved. The energy, fun and excitement that you create through your promotion will ultimately bring many more customers to your store and increase your sales.
The goal of your street team is to get face time for your business and work toward a particular need, therefore the events and promotions that you decide to use should be designed to work for your organization. You can choose something very simple or extremely over the top depending on the image you are aiming to create.
Consumers are becoming bored of traditional media campaigns. Consider some of the following types of promotions and events to put a face to your brand and develop your image as a whole.
Free giveaways. You can give away free items at an event such as a movie premier or any local gathering where many people are attending. The item ideally should feature the company logo and a message along with a link to your website or social network pages.
Distribute information about your brand, and your logo. There are a huge number of ways to distribute information about your brand, but the most successful will be those that make an impact. Ideas include flyers, sidewalk stencils, stickers, posters and projections, placed around the neighborhood. You can use this technique to inform clients about a change of location or upcoming event.
Host an event. Your event can either be for charity or just within your establishment. The street team begin be helping you find guests and then can interact with attendees at the function. Your options are numerous as to the theme — almost anything is suitable provided it has some relevancy to your business.
Neighborhood cleanups. Your street team can clean up an area of your neighborhood (for instance, the main street) and then leave behind a message in chalk, snow, water, or another environmentally clean material, to promote your business. The added benefit of this technique is, rather than just leaving a message, the people in your area will feel appreciation for what you have done for the community.
Face time. Your street team should be used to tell people about what you have to offer. Even when you have no particular event or special promotion plan, the group can hit the streets to talk with prospects in order to answer questions and receive valuable feedback. Face time can be used in conjunction with handing out flyers to promote an event to avoid your team simply idly standing on street corners.
Competitions. You have an endless amount of options when it comes to competitions ranging from quizzes held on the street to contests online that your street team promote in person. The latter has the added benefit of driving prospects to your social media pages and most likely recommending your brand to their friends. The competition should be relevant to your business or include a product that you offer. Ideas include a photo competition, caption contest or short written passage.
Street teams use a very credible field marketing technique to create hype for your brand through interactions with prospects and by using viral word of mouth influence marketing. When groups of people are dressed in costume characters or handing out free items and samples, you cannot fail to grab the attention and interest of consumers.
How have you used a street team to market your brand? Did you try any unique promotions, and how successful were they?


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Hikurangi subduction zone emergency planning toolbox launched
"There's no avoiding the fact that all of Aotearoa New Zealand is at risk of earthquakes, and all of our coasts are at risk of tsunami. We need to be aware of this risk, and we need to plan how to best get our communities through such an event."
That's the message from Hikurangi Response Planning Project Leader Natasha Blunden, who has led the development of a toolbox designed to support regional and national planning for a Hikurangi subduction zone earthquake and tsunami.
The toolbox, developed by East Coast Life at the Boundary in collaboration with five Civil Defence Emergency Management groups from across the North Island's east coast, includes a credible magnitude-8.9 earthquake and tsunami scenario developed by GNS Science, to be used as a planning tool to identify the consequences of a large Hikurangi subduction zone earthquake and tsunami.
"Scenario-based planning is a common approach used by emergency managers when planning how to best respond to emergency events," Ms Blunden explained.
"Credible scenarios help us consider the wide-ranging impacts on things such as key infrastructure, communities and emergency services.
"It's important to note, however, that while the scenario we used is scientifically credible, it's just one of many possibilities – scientists cannot predict when or how any real event will occur."
The two-year Hikurangi Response Planning Project was developed to support the five Civil Defence Emergency Management groups that would be most affected by a large Hikurangi event – Tairāwhiti (Gisborne), Bay of Plenty, Hawke's Bay, Manawatu-Whanganui and Wellington (including the Wairarapa).
"We know the Hikurangi subduction zone can produce large earthquakes and tsunami, and that these events have occurred in the past," Ms Blunden said.
Ms Blunden said the toolbox would give emergency managers, local authorities and central government a greater understanding of the risk posed by the Hikurangi subduction zone, and inform regional response planning and decision-making in response to this significant threat.
"While scientists are carrying out more research to build a clearer picture of the hazard posed by the Hikurangi subduction zone, we know a rupture of some size in the future is certain.
"Planning for this certainty will help lift our country's readiness for, and resilience to, a future earthquake and tsunami on this fault."
Ms Blunden stressed that although the project was being driven by Civil Defence Emergency Management groups, people still need to make sure they understand the risks they face and prepare themselves.
"We are all responsible for ourselves and our families – we are all part of Civil Defence in New Zealand. And remember, if you feel a long or strong earthquake, don't wait for an official warning – if it's long or strong, get gone."
The Hikurangi Response Planning Project was supported by the Civil Defence Emergency Management Resilience Fund administered by the National Emergency Management Agency.
For more information on how to prepare for an earthquake or tsunami, visit www.getready.govt.nz
For more information on the Hikurangi Response Planning Project, and to access the toolbox, click here


The Atlantica Miramare is a Limassol hotel beautifully located right on the beach, overlooking the blue water of the Mediterranean Sea and in the centre of the tourist area of Yermasoyia, Limassol. Just 3 km away from the old town to Limassol and the castle.
If you are looking for the perfect venue to combine business with pleasure then this Cyprus hotel is the perfect choice. It is a contemporary hotel that whispers class. Beautifully decorated and with an endless choice of things to do. Atlantica Miramare Beach was Awarded by Luxair as 'The Best Quality Hotel in Cyprus for 2010'.
All rooms at the 4 star Atlantica Miramare, are beautifully decorated and furnished offering two single beds or double bed, central air-conditioning or heating, safe deposit box, hair drier, mini bar, direct dial telephone, internet connection, flat screen satellite TV, private balcony, sea or inland view. The hotel feature Superior Rooms with sea view, Deluxe Rooms, Terrace Deluxe Rooms Sea View, Junior Suites and Terrace Honeymoon Deluxe Rooms.


In personal consultations Elisa can make you aware which feelings you have suppressed and how you can follow the voice of your heart. Elisa has the ability to tell this in a direct, clear and loving way.
(For a personal session 30 minutes are reserved, but the duration of the session may vary from person to person. It may happen that Elisa sometimes feels after 15 -20 minutes that everything which is of essential importance for the person had been said. For other persons this can be after 25-30 or sometimes 40-45 minutes. We ask for your understanding about this. Elisa does not focus on the amount of time, but on the quality of the information).


Assystem is an international group specialized in engineering. For 50 years, Assystem has supported its clients in developing their products and managing their capital expenditure throughout the product life cycle. Assystem employs nearly 12,000 people worldwide and reported €908 million in revenue for 2015. Assystem SA is listed on Euronext Paris. Assystem is the second nuclear engineering company in the world. It delivers PMC, design (FEED, detail), EPCM and critical systems integration.


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Q: How can i redirect to another page using javascript? is there any ways to redirect to another page..?
i used to "window.location.href = downlinkPage"
i wanted to access the downlinkPage and then get the pages file informations
like fileLink and fileName
is there any ways to access the downlLinkPage and get info from files??

A: window.location.assign() is one way to do it. For example,
window.location.assign("http://example.com");
redirects to example.com.
If you want to erase the current page from history, replace the assign with replace.

A:
If you want to simulate someone clicking on a link, use  location.href
If you want to simulate an HTTP redirect, use location.replace

For example:
// similar behavior as an HTTP redirect
window.location.replace("http://stackoverflow.com");

// similar behavior as clicking on a link
window.location.href = "http://stackoverflow.com";

but the code after won't get to execute and the whole page and its context, all will be released.
You need to download the page , parse and extract the information you want from it.
Using jQuery you can simply :
$.get("downlinkPage", function(data, status){
   $($.parseHTML(data)).filter('your desire query');
});


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Home / Guides / What Happens If Petroleum Jelly Catches Fire? Information
What Happens If Petroleum Jelly Catches Fire? Information
ByRyan Smithburger Hours Last Updated on July 27, 2022
I have not heard any accident about What Happens If Petroleum Jelly Catches Fire? The answer is: It can't pick fire, don't worry about it! Vaseline Jelly is not flammable when used and stored as intended.
Vaseline Jelly may release flammable vapors when heated at exceptionally high temperatures of more than 400 degrees Fahrenheit. This isn't going to happen organically, not even in the summer.
What Happens If Petroleum Jelly Catches Fire?
Vaseline is one of the most used home goods, yet few people understand what it is, where it originates from, or even if it poses a fire risk. Vaseline doesn't burn easily. Despite being formed of petroleum, which has high flammability, it is generally difficult to ignite.
Although it is uncommon, that does not guarantee that it will never catch fire. Let's examine Vaseline and its fire risks in more detail. What you need to learn about Vaseline is this.
What Is Vaseline?
Petroleum jelly, commonly known as petrolatum, white petrolatum, multi-hydrocarbon, or soft paraffin, is used in Vaseline. It is merely a mixture of hydrocarbons generated from petroleum that have long chains (more than 25 carbon atoms per chain).
Vaseline is a well-known brand established in America in 1870 and is frequently used to refer to petroleum jelly items. It is a fundamental component of medicine cabinets worldwide and is frequently used to treat conditions for which it makes no specific claims. The FDA has authorized its over-the-counter sales in the US for skin care and protection purposes.
What Was Vaseline Originally Made For?
Vaseline was initially marketed as a product to aid in the recovery of skin that had been burned or injured back in 1859. This was partially due to Robert Cheeseborough's place of employment at Titusville, Pennsylvania, where Vaseline was created.
Since the area is an oil town, employees had been using rod wax, a less refined petroleum jelly that was conveniently a byproduct of the drilling process, for this purpose. By observing this procedure in action, Cheesborough set out to refine and purify the petroleum jelly to provide a greater level of sanitation.
He presented a patent application for his creation in 1865 under the name Vaseline Healing Jelly, which is still available today in the same form.
Is Vaseline Flammable?
It is not believed that Vaseline is flammable. It will burn, but a hotter environment is required to ignite. This is frequently more difficult to do than it might seem, though, because it only burns when it is liquid.
No, petroleum jelly doesn't burn until it reaches a temperature of about 160 degrees Fahrenheit because of the lengthy hydrocarbons that are included in it. Additionally, solid jelly needs to melt before burning; it does not burn well when solid.
This implies that even while petroleum jelly will burn, it is not classified as a flammable material. It is good news if you want to apply it on your face before sitting next to a bonfire (as many people do during winter camping trips).
Is Vaseline Flammable With Oxygen?
Vaseline is not often flammable, but there is one exception to this rule. Vaseline is exposed to high oxygen levels at that point. Naturally, oxygen is necessary for igniting any fire, and since Vaseline has a nearly flammable ignition temperature, an increase in oxygen significantly lowers this temperature.
If enough oxygen is available, the Vaseline may react violently even without a spark or heat source.
When Using Oxygen, Can You Put Vaseline In Your Nose?
You should never use Vaseline or other petroleum jelly-based products like Vick's or Chapstick when using oxygen equipment due to the possibility of a strong reaction. There is enough good in this area that a recent article published in PubMed concluded that while utilizing oxygen, only oil-in-water or water-based lotions should be used if the skin needs to be moisturized or lubricated.
Can Vaseline Be Used To Treat Burns?
Yes. Vaseline can be a chemically neutral barrier between the air and burned flesh. This aids in stopping additional oxidation of the injured skin and should hasten its healing. Vaseline can provide this advantage if you apply it to a mild burn twice daily.
It is best to confer with a medical expert about your care plan if you have a more serious burn. Vaseline shouldn't hurt you, but it's always better to be cautious than sorry, so talk to your doctor before doing anything.
Vaseline has been hailed as a wonderful treatment because it is affordable, efficient, fully non-invasive, and free of side effects. It has also been reported in multiple research experiments that it may also work as a painkiller for skin burns.
Can You Treat Sunburns With Vaseline?
Vaseline can aid in rehydrating burned skin to ensure that it heals more rapidly and to seal sunburns from future harm. Additionally, it stops any opened area of the wound from being contaminated by additional impurities. However, before attempting to treat the wound on your own, it could be worthwhile talking to a doctor if your sunburn is especially severe.
Is Vaseline Carcinogenic (Cancer-Gaining)?
We are unsure. Vaseline must have a complete refining history to be deemed "non-cancer-causing" in the EU and the US; however, the producer has not complied with this criterion. But there isn't a single tip in the medical literature that using petroleum jelly on your skin poses any cancer risk. Vaseline looks to be typically non-toxic. However, inhaling liquid petroleum jelly particles is not advised because it could harm your lungs.
Final Summary
Now details about What Happens If Petroleum Jelly Catches Fire? Are concluding. It is simply not flammable since a very high temperature is required to ignite. A few minutes of exposure to a blow torch will cause a scoop of petroleum (Vaseline) to catch fire. It's not volatile enough, that's why.
Anything that burns must release vapors that can combine with the air and ignite, creating enough heat to sustain the process. At room temperature, materials that can burn but don't release flammable gases are classified as "combustible" rather than "flammable".
Longer chain hydrocarbons make up petroleum jelly compared to hydrocarbons that are either liquid at room temperature (like butane or propane) or gases at ambient temperature (like octane and decane). Because of the longer chains, it doesn't evaporate significantly when not heated.
Now, you can set it on fire if you apply it to a wick, which keeps enough of the jelly inside a flame to continuously produce combustible gasses (this is why dipping cotton balls in petroleum jelly to construct firestarters when camping is a common practice).
It would be possible to create a flammable liquid if you could break the hydrocarbons down to light enough pieces without burning them, but as things stand, the jelly must be heated to a high temperature to burn.
What is the burn time of petroleum jelly?
Petroleum jelly, the secret component, transforms a regular cotton ball into a cheap, lightweight fire starter that burns for around 4 minutes.
Can white petrolatum catch fire?
However, the flash point for white petrolatum is between 180 and 220 degrees Celsius. For your vaseline to release flammable vapors, an oven is required. Vaseline won't burn when you try to light it on fire. It will melt and combust for as long as there is a steady fume of explosive vapor.
Does Vaseline lip balm catch on fire?
Lip balms with a petroleum component will typically be more combustible. Even if it doesn't fit the industry's precise standard for flammability, you can still use it to start a fire.
Is Vaseline the same as petroleum jelly?
One well-known petroleum jelly brand is called Vaseline. It is a readily spreadable blend of minerals and waxes. Vaseline has been used as a healing cream and ointment for burns, wounds, and chafed skin for over 140 years.
How Do You Know If You Touched Battery Acid? All Symptoms
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French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety
Monitoring sales of veterinary antimicrobials
Keywords : Antibiotics, Antimicrobials, Veterinary medicinal products, Veterinary drugs, Antibiotic resistance, Antimicrobial resistance
Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health issue concerning both human and veterinary medicine. Monitoring of sales of veterinary antimicrobials is one of the main sources of information used to assess and manage the risks associated with antimicrobial resistance. Veterinary antimicrobial sales have been monitored annually by the Agency since 1999, based on the recommendations of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE).
In addition, since 2010, ANSES has represented France in the European Surveillance of Veterinary Antimicrobial Consumption (ESVAC) project launched by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) at the request of the European Commission. Its aim is to collect harmonised data on antimicrobial sales in all countries of the European Union.
Why should antimicrobial sales be monitored?
Monitoring sales of veterinary antimicrobials enables the authorities to assess their use and monitor changes in antimicrobial therapy practices for different animal species.
The information gathered is one of the essential elements, together with monitoring of bacterial resistance, needed for assessing the risks associated with antimicrobial resistance.
These data also make it possible to recommend measures for managing these risks and to monitor the effects of these measures.
See the main results for 2017
How is this monitoring conducted?
The monitoring of sales of veterinary antimicrobials is based on an annual declaration of sales by the pharmaceutical companies marketing these antimicrobials. This covers 100% of authorised veterinary medicinal products and includes a breakdown by species. These data can be combined with other sources of information such as reported turnover, prescription surveys, etc.
The information used to calculate the indicators for monitoring antimicrobial sales is available in the Excel file that can be accessed here (link).
The information collected from the pharmaceutical companies covers 100% of authorised veterinary medicinal products and can be used to estimate which species they have been prescribed for.
How should the results be interpreted?
The data on antimicrobial sales volumes alone do not include exact details of their use. Recent antimicrobials are more potent and require the administration of smaller doses of product. To assess animal exposure to antimicrobials, it is necessary to consider, in particular, the dosage and duration of administration, but also changes in the animal population over time. The ALEA estimates the animal level of exposure to antimicrobials.
The first EcoAntibio 2012-2016 plan aimed to reduce the use of antimicrobials by 25% in five years, with particular attention being paid to the use of antimicrobials of critical importance in veterinary and human medicine. These are used when the antimicrobials first prescribed are ineffective. The main objective of the first plan was met, with a 37% decrease in animal exposure to antimicrobials during the five-year period.
The Act on the future of agriculture, food and forestry (LAAAF2, Act No. 2014-1170 of 13 October 2014) added specific objectives for antimicrobials of critical importance in human medicine.
It thus set a target of a 25% reduction in three years in the use of antimicrobials belonging to the classes of fluoroquinolones and third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, with 2013 being the reference year. This objective was achieved and even greatly exceeded in 2016.
The new EcoAntibio 2017-2021 plan aims to ensure that the decline in animal exposure to antimicrobials is sustained. It provides for communication and training measures, access to alternatives to antimicrobials, and improved prevention of animal diseases. A specific objective for colistin, an antibiotic used frequently in veterinary medicine but reserved for severe cases in human medicine, is a 50% reduction in exposure to this antimicrobial in five years, in the cattle, pig and poultry sectors.
What are the main trends that have been observed?
In 2018, the total sales volume for antimicrobials amounted to 471 tonnes, a fall of 5.5% compared to 2017 (499 tonnes). This was the lowest tonnage recorded since monitoring began in 1999 (1311 tonnes). A 48.2% reduction can also be observed compared to 2011, the reference year for the first EcoAntibio plan. This trend is largely attributable to lower sales of orally administered antimicrobials.
Since recent antimicrobials generally require a lower dose, sales volume alone cannot be used to assess animal exposure to antimicrobials. It is therefore necessary to take the dosage and duration of antimicrobial treatments into account and relate them to the animal population. This provides an estimate of the level of exposure.
Animal exposure to antimicrobials
After a sharp fall since 2011, overall animal exposure increased by 0.7% between 2017 and 2018. While oral exposure to antimicrobials continued to decline, exposure via injections increased.
Over this past year, the change in exposure varied according to the species: a decrease in exposure was observed for poultry (-11.3%), pigs (-2.7%) and domestic carnivores (-2.0%), while exposure increased for cattle (+8.4%) and rabbits (+2.0%).
Are there any changes that justify the implementation of specific measures?
Exposure to critical antimicrobials
Certain "critical" antimicrobials, such as third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, are considered as particularly important in human medicine because they are an alternative – and sometimes the only alternative – to antimicrobials to which bacteria have become resistant for the treatment of infectious diseases in humans. According to European recommendations, these antimicrobials should be reserved for second-line therapeutic treatment. To preserve their effectiveness, the use of these treatments should be limited and prudent. This is why their use in veterinary medicine is monitored.
In 2017, animal exposure to newer-generation cephalosporins had fallen by 94.1% compared to 2013. In 2018, this reduction was only 93.8% compared to 2013. In fact, over the past year, a 6.2% increase has been observed. After a sharp fall, an increase (+9.3%) in exposure of cattle was observed between 2017 and 2018. Regarding fluoroquinolones, in 2017, exposure had fallen by 87.8% compared to 2013. In 2018, this reduction was only 86.1% compared to 2013. In fact, over the past year, a 14.2% increase has been observed. Between 2017 and 2018, exposure to fluoroquinolones increased for cattle, pigs, domestic carnivores and horses, while it decreased for poultry.
Therefore, after a marked decrease in the use of critical antimicrobials in recent years, an upturn in exposure was observed between 2017 and 2018. Nevertheless, the frequency of treatments with these antimicrobials remains very low. This development will have to be monitored in the coming years.
Resistance to colistin
Since the first colistin resistance mechanism that is transferable between bacteria was described in 2015, enhanced surveillance has been in place for this antibiotic. Colistin is widely used in veterinary medicine, but in human medicine is reserved only for the treatment of severe infections involving bacteria resistant to any other therapeutic option, mainly because of its high toxicity. Its effectiveness is therefore of critical importance and justifies the enhanced surveillance.
At European level, in July 2016, the Antimicrobial Advice Ad Hoc Expert Group (AMEG) recommended reducing the use of colistin within three to four years to no more than 5 mg/PCU (Population Correction Unit) for European countries that are high or moderate consumers, and no more than 1 mg/PCU for European countries with the lowest use of colistin.
In France, in its report on colistin published in October 2016, ANSES had recommended a 50% reduction. Following this opinion, the EcoAntibio2 plan (Action 12) set a five-year goal of a 50% reduction in exposure to colistin in the cattle, pig and poultry sectors, taking the average ALEA for 2014-2015 as a reference.
By 2018, exposure to colistin had fallen by 55.2% compared to the average exposure calculated for 2014 and 2015. Exposure had decreased for cattle (-47.9%), pigs (-63.2%) and poultry (-49.1%) compared to the average exposure for the years 2014-2015. The objective set by the EcoAntibio 2017-2021 plan to reduce exposure by 50% has therefore been achieved for the pig sector and is on track to be met for the cattle and poultry sectors.
Calculating the results in mg/PCU according to the standards defined by the ESVAC scheme, the value obtained for colistin in 2018 was 1.85 mg/PCU, which is far lower than the 5 mg/PCU threshold advocated by the AMEG.
How does the situation in France compare to that in other European countries?
Coordinated European monitoring of sales of antimicrobials for use in animal health was initiated in 2010 by the European Medicines Agency (EMA).
In 2017, France was ranked as the 14th heaviest consumer of the 31 participating countries (source ESVAC), with consumption well below the European average (68.6 mg/kg vs 107.0 mg/kg).
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Right Wing Bonus Tracks: Madness
By Kyle Mantyla | January 7, 2021 5:30 pm
While many in the conservative movement are working diligently to blame Wednesday's insurrection at the U.S. Capitol on anti-fascist activists, DeAnna Lorraine is unintentionally doing a great job of undermining that effort: "Do not listen to anything the MSM says. We stormed the Capitol, we fought through dozens of rounds of tear gas and bullets and SWAT police all day. We climbed the rafters and yes, some angry patriots broke through the building and ran through the House, that WE pay for, that is OUR house."
Rick Wiles praised the insurrectionists, declaring that just "the beginning of the counter-revolution to the communist revolution, the globalist takeover of the United States of America."
Pat Robertson says that "there was a madness yesterday and it came on Donald Trump," lamenting that Republicans were ready to fight for the election in Congress until Trump went "crazy" and urged his supporters to march on the Capitol.
Eric Metaxas is struggling to square his conviction that the election was fraudulent and that Joe Biden couldn't possibly have won with the fact that nobody has been able to "uncover the malfeasance" to prove it.
Robertson Henderson argues that even though countless "prophets" guaranteed that President Donald Trump would be reelected, that didn't mean it was bound to happen: "Just because somebody prophesies something doesn't mean it's going to come to pass."
Finally, Mark Taylor warns that anyone who begins to doubt his repeated prophecies that Trump would be reelected does not have "the fear of God" and "at some point, God is going to issue a rebuke to these people."
Tags: DeAnna Lorraine Eric Metaxas Mark Taylor Pat Robertson Rick Wiles Robert Henderson Capitol Insurrection Leftovers
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Pat Robertson Is Now Deeply Concerned About the Murder of Jamal Khashoggi
Pat Robertson: Gender Transition Is 'An Attack of the Enemy Against Human Beings'
Eric Metaxas: 'It's the End of America' if Investigations Against Trump Don't Stop


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Article October 22, 2018 Features by Melissa Kuehne
Finance Advisory Committees: Tips and Traps
Melissa Kuehne is communications and development manager for the Institute for Local Government; she can be reached at mkuehne@ca-ilg.org.
In today's environment of the 24-hour news cycle, social media and "fake news," cities throughout California are working hard to engage their communities and strengthen trust in local government. Residents increasingly question decisions made at all levels of government — particularly those related to use of taxpayer dollars and financial decisions. To help address such concerns, many cities are turning to finance advisory committees.
These committees, composed of community members, aim to increase city government transparency and build accountability. Including the community in the decisionmaking process beyond participating in elections and city council meetings helps people better understand the types of decisions made at the local level, the trade-offs to consider and how city councils arrive at final decisions.
"Involving residents in meaningful, inclusive and responsive ways benefits the city and the community alike," says Tony Dahlerbruch, city manager of Palos Verdes Estates. "Advisory committees can serve as a conduit between the city and community, which leads to increased transparency and trust."
Avoiding Unintended Consequences: Issues to Consider
Finance advisory committees can yield many benefits, but they can also generate unintended consequences if not carefully designed and managed. Without clear direction and strict oversight, a city runs the risk of the finance advisory committee duplicating staff work and challenging the governance and authority of the city council. Such committees are most effective when they are a conduit for residents serving in an advisory capacity to the city council to share opinions and offer recommendations — and least effective when they duplicate the efforts of the city's finance director and Finance Department.
Committees that duplicate efforts can also create competing priorities for staff. When the committee's purpose and tasks are not clearly articulated, cities run the risk of committee members attempting to direct staff and drive projects. This potentially puts staff in an awkward situation where the committee issues directions that conflict with council-adopted goals and priorities and/or the directions of executive staff.
The amount of staff time needed to manage the committee is another consideration. It's likely that staff will need to respond to questions and requests from committee members and provide support for additional public hearings and meetings. Depending on the number of meetings and the committee's needs, this can significantly strain already stretched city staff.
Another problem can arise if the committee is given the authority to develop or recommend a budget because the committee may reach a conclusion that differs — perhaps radically — from the direction that the council deems to be the best option. This creates conflict between the council and the committee and, by extension, the residents of the community. In such a situation, if the council opts not to follow the committee's direction, it can undermine the chances of achieving the primary goal of increasing trust between the city and community.
To avoid these potential pitfalls, cities can take the following steps.
Articulate a clear mandate from the city council about the committee's mission and role in the decisionmaking process. This can avoid "mission creep" and support the efforts of staff and the council to keep the committee — as a whole and its individual members — focused and on task.
Set clear roles and responsibilities. Providing clarity to committee members on their charge and the decisionmaking process is critically important. Committees are not in place to direct staff, duplicate staff efforts or make final policy or operational decisions. Their purpose is to serve in an advisory capacity to the city council, which in turn makes final policy decisions. If a committee crosses the line into the operations, activities and recommendations that are the responsibility of the council or staff, the council risks unintentionally abdicating its role, losing control and creating unnecessary controversy.
Adopt a standing committee resolution or code of conduct for the committee.
This helps formalize the committee's role and responsibilities and provides a mechanism for staff and the city council to keep the committee on track.
Provide training and/or orientation for new committee members. Standing committees are subject to the Ralph M. Brown Act. Thus, it may be wise to provide training to committee members on the laws governing open meetings, AB 1234 ethics education and/or conflicts of interest. City officials may also want to consider conducting an orientation for new committee members that covers:
The role and responsibilities of the committee;
Applicable city ordinances and ethics laws;
Adopted codes of conduct; and
Staff or council contacts.
It may also be helpful to consider any unique qualifications and subject-matter knowledge or expertise that may be needed on the committee and to seek those skills in the recruitment process. When recruiting members for a finance advisory committee, the city may require applicants to have finance, investment or banking experience; however, such private-sector experience differs significantly from public-sector finance, and committee members will still require training and oversight.
"The City of Los Altos Hills provides training and orientation for all new committee members and has adopted a code of conduct for all appointed commissioners and committee members," says Carl Cahill, city manager for Los Altos Hills. "This allows us to manage expectations and work more collaboratively with our advisory committees."
Appoint a city council and/or staff liaison. This individual can report back to the city council and/or executive staff, answer questions for the committee and help keep the committee focused on its mission.
Clearly delineate the level of committee staff support to be provided. Make certain that adequate staff support will be provided for the advisory committee and be specific about the limits of such support.
Have a sunset provision or regularly review the committee's purpose and mission. If the committee has a narrow scope of duties, it may be appropriate to limit how long the committee exists. Periodically reviewing the purpose or mission of a standing committee is also advisable. Has its charge been accomplished? Is its purpose still relevant or does it need to be re-examined?
"In general, it's good to have more community participation in local government through advisory committees and other means," says Rod Gould, retired city manager of Santa Monica. "However, problems arise when the committees aren't provided the necessary training, clarity of direction, support and oversight to complete their mission or goals."
When carefully executed and properly functioning, finance advisory committees can build trust in local government, help a city understand the community's values and priorities and foster leadership development.
Cities also employ other means of engaging residents on fiscal matters. The Institute for Local Government offers a number of resources to help local governments successfully involve their communities in budgeting and finance issues and plan productive public meetings. See "Tools to Engage Your Community in the Budgeting Process" on page 9 for tips and approaches to that engagement.
Photo Credit: Erhui1979.
Article November 1, 2017 News from the Institute for the Local Government Madeline Henry
Engaging Your Community in the Budgeting Process
Public involvement in city budgeting increases financial transparency and promotes greater trust.
Article October 1, 2017 Executive Director's Message Carolyn Coleman
Stopping the Runaway Pension Train
Increasing pension costs could push cities already in financial distress closer to the brink of bankruptcy.
State Public Pension Funds Increase Use of Complex Investments
Borenstein: City managers concerned pensions will cause more bankruptcies
Article September 25, 2018 City Forum by Cindy Silva and David Rabbitt
We Can Outsmart Disaster: Why Local Governments Should Get Involved
A look at how communities can plan for an earthquake and improve resilience.
Article August 1, 2018 Features by Jared Boigon
Keys to Successful Local Sales Tax Measures: Competent Leadership, Community Engagement and Experienced Advice
Tips to make your case to voters effectively.
Article January 1, 2018 News from the Institute for the Local Government Madeline Henry
A Guide to Practical Public Engagement for Local Government
The TIERS Framework and Learning Lab support the use of deliberative planning to better engage the public.


Can a blog, defined as publication of an author's articles online, serve as a coaching tool?
I hadn't known the answer to this question until I started my own blog and published my very first three articles. At the same time, the exact purpose of this blog was to coach my future followers, primarily my colleagues.
People are eager to learn and adopt know-how, and more than willing to experiment.
It's clear that we need changes in certain behaviour, and coaching is one of the best tools for change. They say that with any condition it's essential to make the correct diagnosis and then the therapy will quickly have the desired effects. In this case, there is a diagnosis, but the quick and efficient therapy for such a high number of 'patients' is almost impossible. The diagnoses that I have pinpointed are the blog topics and they are all tied with the content – coaching. I see coaching as a powerful tool to influence behaviour, change mindsets and change the world around me.
I came up with an idea to try and provoke a reaction. In other words, to achieve the 'mirror reflection' effect – the effect that we have in everyday conversations, where I share my experiences and people start wondering if what I'm saying makes sense to them and how they would address a challenge with what they have learned.
The blog seemed an ideal solution for provoking the reaction. A blog which would pursue the essence, real challenges, solutions verified through personal experience, and at the same time bold, naked and honest. A blog which would search for inspiration for topics among its readers and would be dedicated to them.
Establishing the connection with the client and gaining the client's trust. A blog has the same element – connection to readers and credibility.
Asking powerful questions. Questions can be tricky and provoking, but at the same time they initiate thinking processes. When writing a blog, I try to make the readers recognise the exact situation they have experienced, or at least suspect or anticipate this kind of situation.
Starting the thinking process and reflection. Questions asked in the right way provoke a flood of emotions and cognition. In my blog articles, I try to make the readers ask themselves if they could have done anything differently.
Call for action and commitment. In coaching, provoking cognition and willingness for a change of current state is followed by action and commitment to yourself. Writing the blog, my mission is to move the readers towards action. This mission is reflected in asking additional questions to myself and searching for support. Some people are just quietly working on this.
Coaching is a process equally applicable in business and personal life. This is why reactions to my blog come not only from my colleagues in leadership roles, but also from readers with no connection to my business field, such as athletes, students, and professors.
If you speak Serbian, you are welcome to visit by blog page www.retailisdetail.com. A word of recommendation is that you first read the 'O Blogu' page (About the Blog), and then the other articles. If you like them, my advice is to subscribe to get email notifications of new articles. I am looking forward to your comments and suggestions on the posted articles.
Finally, an exclusive piece of news for this issue's readers: I have decided to make the blog bilingual, accepting followers'suggestions. The English version of the blogs will soon be available to potential readers.