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taboo game reviews
Self explanatory very easy to use and the cards are easy to read. Can you get your team to say Brain Freeze? Taboo: Interactive Stories lets you do just that! Taboo, the laugh out loud, out-of-your-seat game of forbidden words. It was always lots of fun to watch the women play too, because women have the gift of gab so could usually come up with clues for long enough to get a correct answer from even the slowest of brains! The timer counts down as players try to get teammates to guess the forbidden word without saying the 5 other words on the Word card. We play Taboo so much that we started to repeat the same cards over and over. Taboo is an amazing game and it's good for people of all ages, as well with friends and family. Chutes and Ladders Review and How to play. They reunite a year later, only to realize that one of them wants them dead for their moral transgressions. Scarica questo gioco da Microsoft Store per Windows 10 Mobile, Windows Phone 8.1, Windows Phone 8. 8,645 Downloads. He loves this game and most of all has improved immensely in the past year that we are now going to try playing with all the rules. See more ideas about taboo cards, taboo, taboo game. Players take turns as the "giver", who attempts to prompt his or her teammates to guess as many keywords as possible in the allotted time. If the Giver accidentally say one taboo word or guess word, a player on the opposing team hits the buzzer and the Giver must discard that card and move on to the next word. Make choices that matter wear beautiful outfits, navigate the drama and fall in love. See more ideas about taboo cards, taboo, taboo game. While staying at a secluded mansion, six young adults reveal their personal demons during an innocent game called Taboo. 0. Family Game Night Fun time. Taboo has been one of my all-time favorite games. Dice, card and board games reviews, rules and how-to's for the whole family. 2020. Set Up – Playing Rules & Instructions. This page works best with JavaScript. Choose from contactless Same Day Delivery, Drive Up and more. Honestly a great game, and the price is cheap and with prime it arrives quickly. This game is such a great way to spend time with family, friends, and even nice icebreaker we used at work (pre Covid). 15 talking about this. The playing team receives one point for correct word guesses and one penalty point if the taboo words or guess word are spoke. :D, Reviewed in the United States on January 21, 2021. 99 £32.99 £32.99 The game requires out-of-the-box thinking and creativity. Super easy to play, and is very similar to charades and best part is the buzzer. - Great for families, kids, or friends. How to Play Taboo by Skype. Has been a hit with different groups of people, including most recently (somewhat to my surprise) my mom and sister who love Scrabble but have never liked any of the popular party board games. Challenge cards mix things up and add to the funny, tongue-tying gameplay. Players divide into 2 teams (equal players). For example, the guess word is cartoon and the taboo words comics, animated, draw, television, character. This game is my family's all-time favorite game. Skip to content. Instead, our system considers things like how recent a review is and if the reviewer bought the item on Amazon. There are a few issues with this edition of Taboo, which likely have been covered thoroughly in other reviews, so I'll just go over them briefly. With Nick Stahl, Eddie Kaye Thomas, January Jones, Lori Heuring. To get your team to say pinball, would you say arcade, game, flippers, tilt or roll? So, the board game Taboo is considered to be easy to play and it is more geared towards having fun. Read taboo-word game reviews, rating & opinions: Check all taboo-word game reviews below or publish your opinion. It also analyzes reviews to verify trustworthiness. I kept assuring him he was wrong. This game can be played with a minimum of 4 players, and a maximum of 10. Challenge yourself with Taboo! Play by yourself, or use Taboo as the perfect party game. When all players have had one turn as the Giver (or both teams decided the number of turns as Clue-giver), the game is end. You don't need a 100 things to set it up, very easy. One player will be given a card and will have to explain the word 'Horse' for example to their teammate without using a list of Taboo words such as animal, mane, hay etc. When time runs out, the player of the other team plays as the Giver. Reviewed in the United States on July 12, 2017. In the Taboo game, you need to get your team to guess the secret word, but the obvious clues are strictly off-limits. April. The goal of the game is…, Do you feel smarter when you play a word game? The goal of the game for a player is their partners guess correctly the word on the player's card without using the word itself or five additional words listed on the card. Les membres de Tric Trac donnent leur avis sur Taboo d'Crayon. But players have to do this wearing a mouthpiece that makes it really hard to understand what they're saying. word jump [] 2020-7-18 11:7. Rules. Taboo has been one of my all-time favorite games. Great game but a few issues with this edition, Reviewed in the United States on July 2, 2016. Lo and behold when people came over and we played it he had a blast. TabuGo! I'm writing a review of this edition of Taboo, not the game in general, which is great! This game can be played with a minimum of 4 players, and a maximum of 10. If you get it, and you'll definitely love it if you love or enjoy charades and games similar to it. We basically bought this edition just to use it as an expansion to the 2010 edition with the battery operated "uhoh" buzzer. My Tabù è un gioco da tavola, molto divertente, perfetto da giocare durante il periodo delle festività, divertiti con tutta la tua famiglia o con i tuoi amici a svelare la parola Taboo senza nominarla. They were at our house, and the dad was an attorney. With Nick Stahl, Eddie Kaye Thomas, January Jones, Lori Heuring. - You don't always need to keep score. For those who are uninitiated, in Taboo, you get a set of cards with one word that you're trying to describe. Family Game Shelf. You also have a list of 5 associated words that you cannot say. Reviewed in the United States on August 17, 2020. Mar 11, 2020 - Explore Nima Mousavizadeh's board "Taboo cards" on Pinterest. This game is such a great way to spend time with family, friends, and even nice icebreaker we used at work (pre Covid). As another reviewer wrote, however, there are a few minor issues with this specific edition: Customizable to include those under age 13, Reviewed in the United States on December 17, 2018. Please make sure that you are posting in the form of a question. As the Giver, you attempt to hint your teammates to guess as many words as possible in the certain time. There's a problem loading this menu right now. - It's hilarious to see how people act under pressure. The Giver may not say a part of a taboo word, likes using "tele" in "television". I enjoyed how neat and minimalist the game is. Directed by Max Makowski. While the giver is prompting, the teammates may make as many guesses as they want with no penalties for wrong guesses. A game that will entertain kids and parents alike, the sole purpose of Taboo is to get the other players to say the words you have reflected on your cards. You have to give creative, carefully-worded clues to get your team to guess words fast. Always fun to play. Reviewed in the United States on December 11, 2016. Taboo is one of those fun family board games that forces you to delve deep into thought and pull out words that you probably never even knew existed in your vocabulary. One of my favorite memories of teen years was playing this with a neighbor's family. We have an 11 year old so we don't play by all the rules (we don't use the dice) but use everything else including the timer. Players take turns describing a word or phrase on a drawn card to their partner without using five common additional words or phrases also on the card. Well thought out and loads of fun to play! Taboo is a party word game. A simple set up is required for the Taboo. Bring on the battle!!!!! The fun part is in the mistakes you make when playing it's in my opinion. Mar 11, 2020 - Explore Nima Mousavizadeh's board "Taboo cards" on Pinterest. The Taboo game is the game of unspeakable fun! Taboo Bottom-line: The Taboo game is the game of unspeakable fun! haha It's also great to have teams and trading off who gets the buzzer, for my family, whoever is on the opposite team must hold the buzzer while the opponent is trying to have their teammate guess the word. They reunite a year later, only to realize that one of them wants them dead for their moral transgressions. For example, if you come across the word 'beach', you have to skip the hidden words of ocean, sand, fun, mud, water, and sun. In the newest version, the word cards are printed with small text which is hard to see. If I bought this as a standalone game, I'd be a little disappointed because: After viewing product detail pages, look here to find an easy way to navigate back to pages you are interested in. 4,886 global ratings | 1,366 global reviews. You can still see all customer reviews for the product. He and my dad teamed up, and each of them literally said ONE WORD to the other one, and the other one would guess the correct word!! Find helpful customer reviews and review ratings for Hasbro Midnight Taboo Game at Amazon.com. The perfect board game to play your friends for your party! some notes: Reviewed in Canada on June 18, 2020. Who doesn't love Taboo! Amazon description: "Can you get your team to say Brain Freeze? Your teammates can not see the words on the card, but your opponent can watch them. To play, all you have to do is enter your name, sex and birthdate. No problems with bad cards. Taboo-word game reviews and ratings added by customers, testers and visitors like you. In Taboo, you make your secret dreams come true! How to Play Taboo by Skype. It forces you to get creative with your words and explanations. Board Game Review: 'Taboo' – Hasbro Games On the Box: "Can you resist temptation? Top subscription boxes – right to your door, © 1996-2021, Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. This game is a word game that centers around words. 18 avr. An option while social distancing. Skip to content. Home. Taboo est une série télévisée britannique créée et écrite par Steven Knight, Tom Hardy et son père, Edward « Chips » Hardy, produite par Ridley Scott, et diffusée depuis le 7 janvier 2017 sur BBC One au Royaume-Uni et à partir du 10 janvier 2017 sur FX aux États-Unis [1] et sur FX Canada.En France, la série est diffusée sur Canal+ Séries depuis le 15 avril 2017. For board game fans, Monopoly is one of the most famous board game in history…. I'm on level 652 with $45.41. The Giver can not say any form, any part of a guess word, either synonyms or homonyms. The students love this game, and it serv… Simple taboo game to revise Christmas vocab and provide a bit of fun/competition. An option while social distancing. Bears vs Babies – The insane game about the battle between Monster Bears and Horrible…, You've Got Crabs is a team game where you and your teammate try to catch…, Exploding Kittens is a card game for adults, teens, or whoever is into kittens and…, Unstable Unicorns is a strategic card game that will "destroy" your friendships… in a good…, EXIST is a hilarious party card game with passion, charm, logic, deception or humor. Reviewed in the United States on September 27, 2018, I had played this about 10 years ago at a party after everyone had a few cocktails and remembered how fun it was. And have some wine ;-), Consistently fun, for a wide range of players, Reviewed in the United States on June 15, 2018. To calculate the overall star rating and percentage breakdown by star, we don't use a simple average. Taboo is a very good game for playing at the party with friends. Same Day delivery 7 days a week £3.95, or fast store collection. Peer trained breastfeeding support. Family Game Shelf. Taboo new edition is lack of the card holder. Lisez des commentaires honnêtes et non biaisés sur les produits de la part nos utilisateurs. The team with a better score wins the game. The opposing team has to guess the word with the obvious clues missing. Dice, card and board games reviews, rules and how-to's for the whole family. Taboo is a very good game for playing at the party with friends. Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. -- Features -- * Hundreds of Taboo cards * Set the length and number of rounds * Frequently updated with more content * Set team names * Fun for all ages! I'm writing a review of this edition of Taboo, not the game in general, which is great! Find out how we played Taboo with friend's over Skype--what worked, what didn't work and if it was worth it in the end. With unspeakably fresh cards & special game changer die." So, you must get your team to guess your main word without saying any part of any of the words on the card. Guarda gli screenshot, leggi le ultime recensioni dei clienti e confronta le valutazioni per taboo ITA. Disabling it will result in some disabled or missing features. I ordered it for when friends are over and my husband read the instructions and said "I'm going to be awful at this and it doesn't look like any fun". Search and read taboo-word game opinions or describe your own experience. Who can get their teammates to figure out the keyword without saying taboo words? Not so easy now, is it? Who doesn't love Taboo! The World of Unique and Wonderful Board Games. counsellor training in progress. - It's a super simple game to understand. Useful review? I enjoyed how neat and minimalist the game is. I wish I had video taped it, as it was a classic episode of game playing - they were totally in sync and it showed how fabulous this game can be and how fast paced it can move! Players try to give creative and hint clues to get teammates to guess words fast. Clearly, each card also has 5 taboo words listed which may not be spoken. All points lost are given to the score of the opponent team. The opposing team has to guess the word with the obvious clues missing. There are some of the cards with words that are harder to describe but hey that's the fun in trying. April. Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. 1. Get set for taboo board game at Argos. Because in this game, the… TABOO. In this game you can't because all of those words are strictly forbidden. Asmodée 5019150000056 Drumond Park Articulate Family Board Fast Talking Description Game, Single, Multi 4.8 out of 5 stars 4,478 £19.99 £ 19 . That way no one argues and it just makes it easier since you won't be biased towards your team. Despite this, everyone had a good time and wanted to play again which IMO is what counts most. While staying at a secluded mansion, six young adults reveal their personal demons during an innocent game called Taboo. Then ask any questions you like and enjoy the intriguing, and often hilarious, answers based on the reading of the Tarot pattern. Search for: Disclosure: This post may contain affiliate links. Challenge yourself with Taboo! 4.0 out of 5 starsTaboo is great! If the answer is Yes,…, Guesstures is a famous board game with 2 teams. What if you can't say Ice Cream, Headache, Eating, Cold or Fast? Taboo is popular, appear in TV Show like The Ellen Show, The Office, Will & Grace, …. I almost took off a star because this latest version of the game seems significantly easier than older editions - our teams of two people almost always figured out the mystery word, whereas in the past a lot of words went unguessed. Read reviews and buy Taboo Game at Target. Who can get their teammates to figure out the keyword without saying taboo words? No actions or noises allowed. Players take turns as the Giver. 5.0 out of 5 starsAn all-time favorite, even with 2 or 3 players. This game is a word game that centers around words. Taboo game is a classic word game. Prime members enjoy FREE Delivery and exclusive access to music, movies, TV shows, original audio series, and Kindle books. Highly recommend! 100 Reviews Found. Taboo is just a wonderful game that I cannot recommend enough! Health and body taboo. This is our family's favorite game - kids and grandparents included. Directed by Max Makowski. So, you must get your team to guess your main word without saying any part of any of the words on the card. While learning vocabulary about health, we play this taboo game: it is a definition game, we have to define the words at the top without ... 6,542 Downloads. Taboo is a game that's fun to just play without worrying about score. Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. The giver must use speech to prompt; gestures, sounds, drawings are all banned. Order it and you'll see what I mean. You also have a list of 5 associated words that you cannot say. Taboo is a famous word, guessing board game. Find helpful customer reviews and review ratings for Hasbro Taboo Game at Amazon.com. 2020. This game can be played for a group no matter the number of players. It can be played in just 20 minutes meaning that players won't have to commit a lot of time to the game itself. The opposing partners watch a timer and use a buzzer to stop the game, buzz the player describing if one of the five off limits words or phrases is used, or the describing player makes any gestures. The Giver can not use a form of a word, for example, the word "TV" and the taboo word is"television". Also, the guess word has the same rules like taboo words. Not so easy now, is it? By martello. The cards fit in/on the holder, and for that reason I'm pleased with it. Taboo has 260 cards, each card has a Guess word and 5 Taboo words. Players try to give creative and hint clues to get teammates to guess words fast. The Admin of Boardgameforlife.com, blogger, marketer, gamer. The game where you have to try to get your friends to guess the secret word without pronouncing any of the taboo words! Your recently viewed items and featured recommendations, Select the department you want to search in, An all-time favorite, even with 2 or 3 players, Reviewed in the United States on December 11, 2016. Each team has one player uses…, Chutes and Ladders, also known as Snakes and Ladders is a simple race game based…. 1. This Taboo game has a Speak Out twist. This android game is terrible. What if you can't say Ice Cream, Headache, Eating, Cold or Fast? Taboo is just a wonderful game that I cannot recommend enough! Taboo Junior, the game for younger players, includes a purple squeaker, as do a few of the other editions from 1996 and 2002 as well as 2012. Taboo, the Sixth Sense, is based on the ancient Tarot method of predicting future events. Reviewed in the United States on July 26, 2016, Reviewed in the United States on March 20, 2020. For those who are uninitiated, in Taboo, you get a set of cards with one word that you're trying to describe. The time per turn is perfect, not too short or too long (1 minute). After 35+ years of playing games of various sorts, this still remains one of our family favorites! Highly recommend! The game requires out-of-the-box thinking and creativity. The game requires at least 2 teams of two players. Taboo is the game of unspeakable fun! Once the team correctly guesses the word exactly, the Giver moves on to the next card, trying to get as many words as possible in the Hourglass time. Players take turns describing a word or phrase on a drawn card to their partner without using five common additional words or phrases also on the card. PLAYING WITH 2 OR 3 PLAYERS: While Taboo is technically for 4+ players, I've had a lot of fun playing it with 2 and 3 players. Find helpful customer reviews and review ratings for Hasbro Midnight Taboo Game at Amazon.com. - The squeaker: it doesn't have the same impact of the traditional buzzer and isn't as fun to use. Perfect for parties and having fun with friends Taboo game app will be in your pocket thanks to more than 1,000 taboo card and you can always have a great time with your friends. Sort by: Most Accurate (default) | Newest | Top Rated. Not so easy now, right? By…, Double Ditto is a fun and hilarious board game. Find out how we played Taboo with friend's over Skype--what worked, what didn't work and if it was worth it in the end. Home. An even number of players from four to ten sit alternating around in a circle. Taboo is a party word game. The Giver draw one card from the deck. Excellent game for parties, dinners, etc. In the case of a tie, each team rematch one more turn to determine the winner. When you play Taboo, the obvious clues are strictly taboo! Découvrez des commentaires utiles de client et des classements de commentaires pour Taboo Games (English Edition) sur Amazon.fr. Not so easy now, right? Retrouvez se que pense de ce jeu la communauté. I just bought this recently for my sister's Christmas gift and she was so excited for this. In the new version, Taboo has a dice with many additions to play with. The opposing partners watch a timer and use a buzzer to stop the game, buzz the player describing if one of the five off limits words or phrases is used, or the describing player makes any gestures. For example, if you come across the word 'beach', you have to skip the hidden words of ocean, sand, fun, mud, water, and sun. 2020 - AP Environmental Science Review Game – Taboo AP Environmental Science Review (Taboo) I printed multiple sets of this on different colored paper so my students can play taboo in small groups.
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taboo game reviews 2021


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, History and Public Policy Program
, Hyundai Motor-Korea Foundation Center for Korean History and Public Policy
Katie.Stallard@wilsoncenter.org 202/691-4004 @katiestallard
Cold War History Asia Russia and Eurasia Russia Ukraine China Mainland North Korea
Former Asia Bureau Chief, Sky News
Wilson Center Projects
Dancing on Bones: How Past Wars Shape The Present in China, Russia, and North Korea
Sep 04, 2018 — Aug 23, 2020
Ryan McKenna Ryan.mckenna@wilsoncenter.org 202/691-4217
Katie Stallard-Blanchette is a writer and TV foreign correspondent with experience reporting from more than 20 countries, currently working on a book about the use of wartime history in contemporary China, Russia and North Korea.
Previously based in Beijing as head of British television news channel Sky News' Asia Bureau, her work has taken her to Pyongyang and the DMZ, out into the disputed waters of the South China Sea, and to the front line of the battle for the southern Philippines city of Marawi, where she reported under sniper fire from ISIS-linked militants.
She was previously based in Russia, where she led the channel's coverage of the conflict in Ukraine, and Vladimir Putin's annexation of Crimea.
Born and brought up in the Scottish Highlands, she holds a first class honours degree in English from University College London.
Dancing on Bones is a book-length investigation of how China, Russia, and North Korea – the three greatest threats to the liberal international order – exploit their wartime past to secure contemporary regime legitimacy, and justify aggressive foreign policy.
More than six decades after the real guns fell silent, a reimagined version of World War II and the Korean War reverberates through daily life in each of these countries, re-told through state-funded media, public memorials, and national education campaigns. This is not history as it actually was, but as the current leaders need it to be.
Drawing on firsthand reporting from the front lines of this war for history, including Pyongyang, Crimea, and the South China Sea, this is the first book to explore this fault-line of global politics, and how the wars of the last century are still shaping the 21st century.
I Hope I'm Wrong About China, Katie Stallard-Blanchette Sky News: https://news.sky.com/story/sky-views-i-hope-im-wrong-about-china-11305405
The Myth of the Benevolent Strongman, Katie Stallard-Blanchette, Sky News: https://news.sky.com/story/sky-views-the-myth-of-the-benevolent-strongma...
China's Dangerous History Game, Katie Stallard-Blanchette, Sky News: https://news.sky.com/story/sky-views-chinese-presidents-dangerous-propag...
High Res Photo (2.96 MB)
Modern Korean History
Assignment: North Korea
How Past Wars Shape the Present in China, Russia, and North Korea
Flash Analysis: Chinese President Xi Jinping's Visit to North Korea
The Normalization of Kim Jong Un – what Kim gains from visit to Russia
Nuclear Proliferation/Non-proliferation
Wilson Center Experts React to Breakdown of Trump-Kim Summit
China's Detention of Canadians Could Backfire
U.S.-China 2018 Year in Review: A New Cold War?

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Home > Business > Olivier Baroin, the expert on Suzanne Belperron
Suzanne Belperron at Christie's New York (December 2018) - "Tube" bracelet in platinum, gold and diamonds - Estimated $200-300,000 sold $880,000 - 1948
Certificate of authenticity for Suzanne Belperron brooch at Aguttes - Articulated brooch in gold, platinum, emeralds, diamonds (June 27, 2018) - Ca 1940 - Estimated €35-50 000 sold €303 460
Suzanne Belperron - Brooch in agates and pear-shaped pearls - 1935
Suzanne Belperron at Sotheby's - Personal ring of the designer in rock crystal and diamonds - 1935
Suzanne Belperron - "Cerf-Volant" ring drawn in the 30s and made in 1974
René Boivin according to the drawing by Suzanne Belperron at Christie's Paris (December 2018) - Art déco clip in rock crystal, diamonds, emeralds, enamel, 1934 - Estimated €25-35 000 sold €137 500
Suzanne Belperron - Archives December 1960
Suzanne Belperron - 'Yin Yang" ring in hammered virgin gold and diamond
Suzanne Belperron archives -Workshop plasters, impressions of the finished jewel
Olivier Baroin, the expert on Suzanne Belperron
Suzanne Belperron's jewelry is in great demand at auctions and from antique dealers. An interview with Olivier Baroin, the expert on the designer.
Sandrine Merle. In 2008, you happened to come into possession of the 1937-1974 archives belonging to Suzanne Belperron. This has enabled you to become, today, the leading expert on her work.
Olivier Baroin. I issue certificates of authenticity for Suzanne Belperron jewelry, particularly for auction houses. I also carry out OTC transactions: in other words, I put sellers and buyers in touch. Some are willing to travel the world to acquire a piece, especially if it has never appeared on the market.
S.-M. The number of Belperron jewelry creations in sales and at jewelry antique dealers these days is phenomenal….
O.-B. But don't imagine that the market is flooded with fakes! The huge amount of communication helps to drive the market: everyone is on the lookout, professionals and potential owners alike. But you know, in the end I only certify one piece out of 30 or 40 that passes through my hands.
S.-M. We know that Suzanne Belperron did not sign her jewelry and often said "my style is my signature". This makes it more difficult to authenticate them….
O.-B. The doubt is quickly removed if the jewel is listed in an order book or bears the hallmark of its workshop, Groëné & Darde (then Darde & Fils then Darde & Cie). For the rest, there's no question of giving certificates to counterfeiters… I can tell you that I examine the technical details with a magnifying glass: stamping, welds, adjustments, updates and other fasteners. Take this $880,000 bracelet from Christie's NY: a clue is the thickness of the metal (6.5 mm), abnormally thin for a piece of jewelry. The raw material doesn't represent the value of the jewel ! The plates that make it up are not even covered but simply reinforced with arched half-circular wires underneath: this way, the jewel remains thin, light and pleasant to wear despite its volume.
S.-M. Moreover, with Suzanne Belperron, the jewelry is far from perfect, the stones are not of exceptional quality…
O.-B. That's what makes them so charming! Groëné & Darde did everything by hand but went to the simplest possible solutions in order to save time and achieve greater lightness. Just like Suzanne Belperron who couldn't care less about the original raw material. The stones were often provided by the clients. On the other hand, the stone sculptures, created by Adrien Louard, are absolutely perfect.
S.-M. Officially, Suzanne Belperron went on designing until 1975. What were her best years?
O.-B. The most beautiful jewelry is from 1925 to 1945, and was entirely handmade. In the 1950s, production reached its peak. Over times, the techniques also evolved: some were made with lost wax castings, which took away of their charm but since this technique couldn't be applied to all models, this "Cerf-volant" ring produced in 1974 was still for example entirely handmade. My favourites include the emerald butterfly brooch recently sold by Aguttes and the brooch formed by two blond agate leaves and a cascade of pearls. A little later, the bracelet sold at Christie's (in Vogue 1948) was nevertheless exceptional. There were also the pieces designed at Boivin's very beginning, such as her personal 'Yin Yang' engagement ring (1923) and her personal ring made of a shuttle diamond set in rock crystal.
S.-M. Suzanne Belperron's legacy is at the heart of quarrels, secrets and controversies, particularly concerning her early days with René Boivin.
O.-B. My goal today is to rehabilitate Suzanne Belperron's role at René Boivin between 1919 and 1932, when in my opinion she was at the height of her artistic abilities. For me, she made the reputation of this jeweler who was working, at the time under contract to major houses (including Boucheron), and yet we often fail to attribute the pieces to her. It is also said that, angry at Germaine Boivin, she left, taking all her drawings with her… But there is no evidence of that. I think she left in a calm and collected manner. Besides, I would like to point out you that in the late 1960s, one of the Boivin ladies asked Suzanne Belperron to make her a piece of jewelry because she wanted something "modern".
S.-M. Not everyone agrees with you on this point… Like a biographer, you're somewhat in love with your subject.
O.-B. I am completely immersed in her universe and his creations. When I feel like I've seen everything, I discover a new piece… I still wonder about her intentions: for example, why did she often put big diamonds (of 1 carat or more) in a small stone paving? Suzanne Belperron still continues to surprise and fascinate me.
The Suzanne Belperron phenomenon
Where can I find Suzanne Belperron jewelry?
René Boivin, masculin-feminine brand
Jewelry in France in 2018
Kazumi Arikawa donated 3 marvelous jewels to the Met


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Obama — Good on History; Ellis — Less so
This new president not only went to good schools, he seems to have remembered some of what he was taught, and has kept on learning. His Inaugural Address had some admirable historical touches. Indeed, the new guy showed a better grasp of history than marquee historian Joseph Ellis, who did not meet his usual standards for insight and judgment.
I liked the Inaugural speech. It wasn't spectacular. I didn't hear any lines that will live in the American memory forever. But it was a bracing call to responsibility and maturity for the entire nation, delivered with force and determination.
And, oh, the history. Concord, Gettysburg, Normandy, and Khe Sanh! (Extra credit for citing the Vietnam vets.) And, properly for a second-generation American, the paean to the immigrant experience was powerful.
He got me, though, with the quote from George
Washington at Valley Forge: "Let it be told to the future world . . . that in the depth of winter, when nothing but hope and virtue could survive. . . that the city and country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth to meet [it]."
We forget how good that George guy was.
But I was a bit disappointed with a piece in the Sunday Washington Post book section by Joseph Ellis. I admire Ellis' books, and have paid to own quite a few. American Sphinx, his Jefferson biography, is really interesting, eschewing the usual trudge through the man's entire life to tell his story in five (maybe six) pivotal episodes. And Founding Brothers, of course, is just fun. Well, my kind of fun, anyway.
But on Sunday Prof. Ellis intoned, "As I see it, when Barack Obama takes the oath of office, he will be collecting on a promissory note that Thomas jefferson wrote in 1776 with the words 'We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.'"
Whoa, big fella. A LOT of people have been collecting on that promissory note for a long time. Let's not forget all those who fought for equality between 1776 and 2009 — William Lloyd Garrison, John Quincy Adams, the Grimke sisters, Frederick Douglas, Harriett Tubman, Thaddeus Stevens, Booker T. Washington, Dubois, Roy Wilkins, Edward Brooke, Martin Luther King, Jr., Lyndon Johnson, and on and on and on.
I think I know what Ellis was trying to say. There is something special about a black person being president. It hit me when I saw the scene after the speech, when Obama went back into the Capitol to sign a few executive orders. All the big shots stood on either sign of him while Obama, our African-American chief executive, signed. He was The Man.
But Jefferson's promissory note is not the standard by which we need to judge ourselves, anyway.. Jefferson wrote that all "men" are created equal. We still need to fix that part.
Nate Levin on January 23, 2009 at 10:53 am
It was a main point of the Seneca Falls "Declaration of Sentiments" that women as well as men were endowed with inalienable rights. So if I may, I'd like to add Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony to the pantheon of fighters for equality.
DevinWeiss on March 20, 2010 at 11:49 am
Barack Obama's book, "The Audacity of Hope," provides a appealing title. It has a taste of bravery mixed with full confidence. There is nothing Pollyanna about it. I might not exactly support everything he tells, but he's our president, and then for me, he inspires belief. That will do more for any nation than any volume of backroom deals. Hope gives us energy, and energy sustains us through trying times. Boy, we've had them. I'm from West Texas, and I did not vote for Bush. When McCain ran against Obama, I was a citizen of Arizona, but I gave audacious hope a chance. The fight for progress and laying the foundations of prosperity will not be over. I have come across the quips of those that don't think Obama is capable of doing it. But step back a moment. Would anyone have most of us fail only to tarnish the star of an incumbent for whom they did not vote? Trying to keep our priorities straight, let's work together with this president and build our future.


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PART 1: CNN Director ADMITS Network Engaged in 'Propaganda' to Remove Trump from Presidency … 'Our Focus Was to Get Trump Out of Office' … 'I Came to CNN Because I Wanted to Be a Part of That'
CNN Technical Director Charlie Chester: "Look what we did, we [CNN] got Trump out. I am 100% going to say it, and I 100% believe that if it wasn't for CNN, I don't know that Trump would have got voted out…I came to CNN because I wanted to be a part of that."
Chester: "[Trump's] hand was shaking or whatever, I think. We brought in so many medical people to tell a story that was all speculation -- that he was neurologically damaged, and he was losing it. He's unfit to -- you know, whatever. We were creating a story there that we didn't know anything about. That's what -- I think that's propaganda."
Chester: "We would always show shots of him [Biden] jogging and that [he's] healthy, you know, and him in aviator shades. Like you paint him as a young geriatric."
Chester: "I think there's a COVID fatigue. So, like whenever a new story comes up, they're [CNN's] going to latch onto it. They've already announced in our office that once the public is -- will be open to it -- we're going to start focusing mainly on climate."
Chester: "It's going to be our [CNN's] focus. Like our focus was to get Trump out of office, right? Without saying it, that's what it was, right? So, our next thing is going to be for climate change awareness."
Chester: "It [COVID] will taper off to a point that it's not a problem anymore. Climate change can take years, so they'll [CNN will] probably be able to milk that quite a bit…Climate change is going to be the next COVID thing for CNN…Fear sells."
[NEW YORK -- Apr. 13, 2021] Project Veritas released a new video today exposing CNN Director Charlie Chester, who admitted that his network engaged in propaganda to benefit Biden's candidacy during the 2020 election to the detriment of then-President Trump. Chester also said CNN has a pre-determined agenda when reporting on COVID-19 and climate change.
During a conversation with a Veritas journalist, Chester boasted about the impact the network had in determining the outcome of the presidential race last year.
"Look what we did, we [CNN] got Trump out. I am 100% going to say it, and I 100% believe that if it wasn't for CNN, I don't know that Trump would have got voted out…I came to CNN because I wanted to be a part of that," Chester revealed.
Chester explained to the Veritas journalist how CNN engaged in "propaganda" when covering Trump's health compared to Biden's health.
"[Trump's] hand was shaking or whatever, I think. We brought in so many medical people to tell a story that was all speculation -- that he was neurologically damaged, and he was losing it. He's unfit to -- you know, whatever. We were creating a story there that we didn't know anything about. That's what -- I think that's propaganda," Chester said.
Veritas Journalist: "I guess I have a confession. I worry about Biden and his health, I guess."
CNN Technical Director Charlie Chester: "Your news health?"
Veritas Journalist: "What? No, I said Biden, our president."
Chester: "Oh, his health."
Veritas Journalist: "I want to take care of him and make sure he's okay."
Chester: "He is definitely -- the whole thing of him running during the entire -- like run for the campaign. Showing him jogging is obviously deflection of his age and they're [CNN] trying to make it like, 'Oh, I'm healthy.'"
Veritas Journalist: "Is that what we did? I don't know. Like what do you mean?"
Chester went on to say that COVID-19 media coverage should be coming to an end in the near future. He added that CNN is already preparing its shift in coverage to push and promote climate change fear.
"I think there's a COVID fatigue. So, like whenever a new story comes up, they're [CNN's] going to latch onto it. They've already announced in our office that once the public is -- will be open to it -- we're going to start focusing mainly on climate," Chester said.
Chester: "It's going to be our [CNN's] focus. Like our focus was to get Trump out of office, right? Without saying it, that's what it was, right? So, our next thing is going to be climate change awareness."
Veritas Journalist: "What does that look like?"
Chester: "I don't know. I'm not sure. I have a feeling that it's going to be like, constantly showing videos of decline in ice, and weather warming up, and like the effects it's having on the economy--"
Veritas Journalist: "Who decides that?"
Chester: "Head of the network."
Veritas Journalist: "Who is that? Is that [Jeff] Zucker?"
Chester: "Zucker, yeah. I imagine that he's got his council and they've all like, discussed, like where they think--"
Veritas Journalist: "So, that's like the next--"
Chester: "Pandemic-like story that we'll beat to death, but that one's got longevity. You know what I mean? Like there's a definitive ending to the pandemic. It'll taper off to a point that it's not a problem anymore. Climate change can take years, so they'll [CNN will] probably be able to milk that quite a bit."
Veritas Journalist: "So, climate change overload."
Chester: "Be prepared, it's coming. Climate change is going to be the next COVID thing for CNN."
Veritas Journalist: "You think it's going to be just like -- a lot of like, fear for the climate?"
Chester: "Yeah. Fear sells."
About Project Veritas
James O'Keefe established Project Veritas in 2011 as a non-profit journalism enterprise to continue his undercover reporting work. Today, Project Veritas investigates and exposes corruption, dishonesty, self-dealing, waste, fraud, and other misconduct in both public and private institutions to achieve a more ethical and transparent society. O'Keefe serves as the CEO and Chairman of the Board so that he can continue to lead and teach his fellow journalists, as well as protect and nurture the Project Veritas culture.
Project Veritas is a registered 501(c)3 organization. Project Veritas does not advocate specific resolutions to the issues raised through its investigations. Donate NOW to support our mission.


Severe weather conditions threaten the quality of life and safety of your residents. When it comes to possible hazards, delivering accurate information in a timely manner makes all the difference for resident preparation. Property managers should use the tools available to them to keep residents informed about the weather.
There are many ways to notify residents that go beyond traditional hanging signage and flyers. Technology has made it possible for residents to sign up for instantaneous mass electronic notifications that can reach everyone wherever they may be.
Whether your community is located in an area prone to tornadoes, hurricanes, severe thunderstorms, or blizzards, preparation is the top priority. Ice storms and blizzards create hazardous walkways and road conditions. Tornadoes and hurricanes can impact entire structures through wind or rain. And any severe weather event can cause power outages that affect your communities.
Asking residents to sign up for instant SMS alerts from property management can help keeps the entire community informed and running smoothly. For example, instant notifications can be vital when there is the possibility of a power outage. Being connected to power is not just a matter of convenience—it can be a matter of life and death. For residents who depend on medical equipment that is powered by electricity, knowing about possible outages may prompt them to activate an alternate power mode of their medical gear, ensuring no lapse in care.
Using property management software like our communications solution Media Center can make it easy to reach all your residents who have signed up for SMS and email alerts. You can receive updates from one of the weather notifications services listed by the National Weather Service and then use that information to pass on relevant messages to your communities right away.
Email has been undergoing a renaissance in the realm of digital marketing due to its availability on mobile devices. With 91% of users checking their email on their smartphones daily, important messages can reach your residents more quickly than a flyer or voicemail.
Texting is an even more effective method for communication with residents because SMS messages pop up over other applications on a mobile device, as opposed to an email that must be opened at will. Texts are also more time sensitive and demand immediate attention, whereas emails can be saved to read later.
Using social media is another way to quickly notify residents of weather-related news. Invite your residents to like your page or profile in order to have them follow your updates.
Opting in, also called consent to marketing, is required for all consumers to legally receive text message updates. Residents should also be prompted to sign up for community emails, which may prevent your messages from ending up in their spam boxes.
Millennials will likely have no problem with plugging in to text message updates. For your older residents who may prefer traditional communication methods, you will need to be proactive. The best time to get everyone on board is while signing the lease. In order to maximize resident participation in instant SMS or email alerts, consider including an optional clause in your lease where the residents can enter their cell phone numbers and email addresses for emergency notifications. Doing this at the beginning of the relationship keeps you from hunting them down later to sign consent forms.
Additionally, thoroughly explaining the value of speedier notifications to older residents may win them over to opt-in. If they do not have a cellphone or still want traditional notifications, have property management place a phone call to these residents or slip a quick note under the door. Overall, caring for your residents and reaching them where they are is key to optimal engagement.
In the event of a severe weather event, reaching your residents quickly is preferred. But don't abandon traditional communication methods for the residents who prefer them. Putting your residents' safety first will convey how much you care about and value them, contributing to the overall level of satisfaction in your multifamily community.


Belsay Hall. Photo by Northumberland County Council.
The parish of Belsay contains some of Northumberland's most important monuments, and historic sites still dominate the landscape of the area. Although the medieval and later architecture of the parish is the most visible part of the parish's heritage there are many traces of earlier periods below the soil.
The earliest trace of human occupation in the parish belongs to the Mesolithic period, a time before farming had been introduced. A number of worked flints belonging to this period have been found in the area of East Shaftoe Farm. These tools may have been used to hunt animals and birds or harvest wild plants. The first evidence for actual settlement comes from shortly after the Mesolithic in the early Neolithic period. The discovery of an occupation site of this period is very rare in Britain and unique in Northumberland. Some late Mesolithic finds were also made at the same site in Sandyford Quarry field suggesting that people had been living at the site for a long time. Many flint tools of the Neolithic period have also been found at several sites in the parish, including East Shaftoe, Middleton Bank and Shortflatt.
In the Bronze Age people began to make objects out of metal, particularly bronze, as well as flint. This can be seen, most spectacularly in Belsay with the discovery of two bronze shields. Such objects are very rare, and they may have been buried for religious purpose, as in this period valuable metal objects were often given to the gods in this way. Other remains of Bronze Age religious practices can be found across the parish. Two standing stones have been found, one on Bygate Hill and one next to a burial cairn at East Shaftoe. The precise purpose of these monuments is not clear, but they are quite rare in Northumberland, and as such are of great importance. Also, a number of Bronze Age burials have been found in the parish. A large barrow is known at Stob Hill, and another grave has been found at Bygate close to the site of a cairn. A number of Bronze Age pottery vessels have also been found: from near Belsay Castle, Black Heddon and West Bitchfield. These may well also have come from burials. Despite all this evidence for how the people of the Bronze Age worshipped and buried each other, no evidence for their houses or villages has been found in the parish. This may be because these settlements were often very slight, and their remains have probably not survived.
The situation in the Iron Age is in complete contrast. Although there is little evidence for burial practices from this period in Belsay, there is good evidence for settlements. This evidence is mainly in the form of cropmarks seen on aerial photographs. These have shown the presence of fortified enclosures near Bolam Hall, on Slate Hill and at Huckhoe. These were surrounded by one or more earth banks and ditches, which would have protected the buildings inside. Querns, stones used for grinding corn, have been found at both sites. These show clearly that crops, such as grain, were being grown nearby.
Although the parish is not far north of Hadrian's Wall, the northern edge of the Roman Empire for much of their time in Britain, little seems to have changed in the Roman period. The settlement at Huckhoe continued to be used into the Roman period with few changes. The only obvious change in settlements is a move to the use of rectangular rather than oval enclosures. Such sites can be seen at Edgehouse and Low House. However, the parish could not entirely escape the influence of the Roman army. A Roman road ran north through the area and at one point a small fort was built to protect it. It is along this road that the Roman pottery found at Bolam may have arrived.
Following the end of Roman rule in Britain in the early fifth century there is very little evidence for any form of occupation until after the Norman Conquest (AD1066). However, we know there must have been some Anglo-Saxon occupation in the area as many of the place-names in the parish are of Old English origin. For example, Belsay means 'the ridge of land belonging to Bel.' In addition the parish Church of St Andrew contains some Anglo-Saxon material, belonging to 10th or 11th century.
By the Middle Ages the parish was densely settled. As well as the village of Belsay itself there were a number of other named settlements, many of which must have had their origin in the earlier Anglo-Saxon period. The number of settlements suggests that the area must have been extensively farmed, allowing the land to support so many people. The area suffered from a period of warfare and many raids from Scotland. It was because of this that a number of fortified tower houses were built, including the particularly well-preserved one at Belsay. There was also a growth in the number of religious buildings in the medieval period. As well as the parish church, which was considerably added to at this time, there was also a chapel at Belsay Hall. A hospital, which would have been run by the Church to serve travellers, was also built in the 13th century.
The parish continued to be an important agricultural area into the post-medieval period. The wealth from farming must have helped pay for the construction of Belsay Hall, a building of outstanding architectural importance. When it was first constructed it was on the cutting edge of European design and one of the first houses of the Classical revival in the country. It is even more important as it is set in a nationally renowned landscape park. This garden links Belsay Hall with the Belsay Tower house, which was retained as an important feature in the park. The creation of this park has also had wider consequences on the landscape, as the old village of Belsay was demolished to clear the way for the gardens. The new estate village was rebuilt at some distance from the main house. The beautification of the estate in the 18th century even went as far as building a farm in the fashionable Gothick style.
Belsay Hall still keeps its central role in the parish. The hall, the house and the 30-acre garden are now owned by English Heritage and are open to the public. English Heritage has made great efforts to return Belsay's gardens, which suffered from neglect after World War II, to their former state, to complement the great house.


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News Assessment Tool Predicts Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Six Months after Mono
Assessment Tool Predicts Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Six Months after Mono
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More severe mononucleosis in college students increases the risk of severe chronic fatigue syndrome six months later
One to five percent of college students develop infectious mononucleosis each year, and about 10 percent are diagnosed six months later with chronic fatigue syndrome – a complex condition involving severe fatigue coupled with disabling cognitive and musculoskeletal symptoms. To assess risk factors for chronic fatigue syndrome after mononucleosis, researchers developed and validated a scale for rating the severity of mononucleosis. In a study with 126 college students, they found that participants with a higher mononucleosis severity score had over three times the risk of meeting two or more sets of diagnostic criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome after six months, as well as almost twice the chance of being prescribed steroids and an increased risk of being hospitalized during the acute illness. Their findings were published in the Journal of Pediatrics.
"Our simple and objective assessment tool allows clinicians to identify patients at risk for more serious infectious mononucleosis, including those who might develop chronic fatigue syndrome following infectious mononucleosis," says lead author Ben Katz, MD, specialist in pediatric infectious diseases at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Professor of Pediatrics at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. "This allows an opportunity to potentially intervene early in efforts to prevent chronic fatigue syndrome that develops in this setting."
Chronic fatigue syndrome has a profound impact on an individual's ability to function, and it may take a long time recover. Previous research by Dr. Katz and colleagues, published in Pediatrics, showed that adolescents who developed chronic fatigue syndrome after mononucleosis gradually got better, although 4 percent were still suffering from the condition two years later.
Although chronic fatigue syndrome tends to follow infectious mononucleosis in some people, no evidence of a lingering virus is detected. "It appears that chronic fatigue syndrome might involve a combination of immunologic and psychologic factors, but we still don't know the exact cause or causes," says Dr. Katz.
Multiple studies have identified two treatments that may be effective for chronic fatigue syndrome – graded exercise therapy (physical activity that starts out slowly and is gradually increased over time) and cognitive behavioral therapy.
"Potential follow-up research will evaluate if treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome begun at the time severe mononucleosis is diagnosed can reduce the chances of developing this challenging condition six months later," says Dr. Katz.
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However you count it What Is a 'Pyrrhic Victory'? The Spanish fishery in Terranova declined over conflicts between Spain and other European powers during the late 16th and early 17th centuries.
As a result of his expedition, the Diego Ribeiro world map outlined the East coast of North America almost perfectly.
After several months of fighting native inhabitants through wilderness and swamp , the party reached Apalachee Bay with men.
They believed they were near other Spaniards in Mexico, but there was in fact miles of coast between them. They followed the coast westward, until they reached the mouth of the Mississippi River near to Galveston Island.
Later they were enslaved for a few years by various Native American tribes of the upper Gulf Coast. They continued through Coahuila and Nueva Vizcaya ; then down the Gulf of California coast to what is now Sinaloa , Mexico, over a period of roughly eight years.
They spent years enslaved by the Ananarivo of the Louisiana Gulf Islands. Later they were enslaved by the Hans , the Capoques and others.
In they escaped into the American interior, contacting other Native American tribes along the way. In , Estevanico was one of four men who accompanied Marcos de Niza as a guide in search of the fabled Seven Cities of Cibola , preceding Coronado.
When the others were struck ill, Estevanico continued alone, opening up what is now New Mexico and Arizona.
He was killed at the Zuni village of Hawikuh in present-day New Mexico. The viceroy of New Spain Antonio de Mendoza , for whom is named the Codex Mendoza , commissioned several expeditions to explore and establish settlements in the northern lands of New Spain in — After unsuccessfully attempting to descend to the river, they left the area, defeated by the difficult terrain and torrid weather.
In , expeditions under Hernando de Alarcon and Melchior Diaz visited the area of Yuma and immediately saw the natural crossing of the Colorado River from Mexico to California by land as an ideal spot for a city, as the Colorado River narrows to slightly under feet wide in one small point.
Augustine Spanish Florida , is the first known and recorded Christian marriage anywhere in the continental United States. They explored a part of the route visited by Coronado in New Mexico and other parts in the southwestern United States between and From to Francis Xavier worked in Maluku among the peoples of Ambon Island , Ternate , and Morotai , and laid the foundations for the Christian religion there.
He was the first governor-general of the Spanish East Indies. The Spanish settled and took control of Tidore in to trade spices and counter Dutch encroachment in the archipelago of Maluku.
The Spanish presence lasted until , when the settlers and military were moved back to the Philippines.
Part of the Ternatean population chose to leave with the Spanish, settling near Manila in what later became the municipality of Ternate. Since the arrival to Kagoshima Kyushu of a group of Jesuits with St.
Francis Xavier missionary and Portuguese traders, Spain was interested in Japan. As a seafaring people in the south-westernmost region of Europe, the Portuguese became natural leaders of exploration during the Middle Ages.
Faced with the options of either accessing other European markets by sea, by exploiting its seafaring prowess, or by land, and facing the task of crossing Castile and Aragon territory, it is not surprising that goods were sent via the sea to England, Flanders , Italy and the Hanseatic league towns.
One important reason was the need for alternatives to the expensive eastern trade routes that followed the Silk Road.
Those routes were dominated first by the republics of Venice and Genoa , and then by the Ottoman Empire after the conquest of Constantinople in The Ottomans barred European access.
For decades the Spanish Netherlands ports produced more revenue than the colonies since all goods brought from Spain, Mediterranean possessions, and the colonies were sold directly there to neighbouring European countries: wheat, olive oil, wine, silver, spice, wool and silk were big businesses.
The gold brought home from Guinea stimulated the commercial energy of the Portuguese, and its European neighbours, especially Spain.
Apart from their religious and scientific aspects, these voyages of discovery were highly profitable. They had benefited from Guinea's connections with neighbouring Iberians and north African Muslim states.
Due to these connections, mathematicians and experts in naval technology appeared in Portugal. Portuguese and foreign experts made several breakthroughs in the fields of mathematics, cartography and naval technology.
Portuguese explored the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans before the Iberian Union period — Although well received, he was forbidden to depart. In , Vasco da Gama reached India.
The Portuguese sailors sailed eastward to such places as Taiwan, Japan, and the island of Timor. Several writers have also suggested the Portuguese were the first Europeans to discover Australia and New Zealand.
Attracting settlers proved difficult; however, the Jewish settlement was a success and their descendants settled many parts of Brazil.
The Portuguese following the maritime trade routes of Muslims and Chinese traders, sailed the Indian Ocean. Da Gama in marked the beginning of Portuguese influence in Indian Ocean.
It initially became part of the Portuguese province of Arabia and Ethiopia and was administered by a governor general.
Around , Zanzibar became part of the western division of the Portuguese empire and was administered from Mozambique. The first English ship to visit Unguja, the Edward Bonaventure in , found that there was no Portuguese fort or garrison.
The extent of their occupation was a trade depot where produce was purchased and collected for shipment to Mozambique.
Portuguese were established supporting one Christian local dynasty ruling suitor. By Afonso I sent various of his children and nobles to Europe to study, including his son Henrique Kinu a Mvemba , who was elevated to the status of bishop in The aggregate of Portugal's colonial holdings in India were Portuguese India.
In a series of military conflicts, political manoeuvres and conquests, the Portuguese extended their control over the Sinhalese kingdoms , including Jaffna , [58] Raigama , Sitawaka , and Kotte , [59] but the aim of unifying the entire island under Portuguese control failed.
The invasion was a disaster for the Portuguese, with their entire army wiped out by Kandyan guerrilla warfare. More envoys were sent in to Ethiopia, after Socotra was taken by the Portuguese.
As a result of this mission, and facing Muslim expansion, regent queen Eleni of Ethiopia sent ambassador Mateus to king Manuel I of Portugal and to the Pope, in search of a coalition.
In , the Portuguese under Francisco de Almeida won a critical victory in the battle of Diu against a joint Mamluk and Arab fleet sent to counteract their presence in the Arabian Sea.
The retreat of the Mamluks and Arabs enabled the Portuguese to implement their strategy of controlling the Indian Ocean. Afonso de Albuquerque set sail in April from Goa to Malacca with a force of 1, men and seventeen or eighteen ships.
That same year, the Portuguese, desiring a commercial alliance, sent an ambassador, Duarte Fernandes , to the kingdom of Ayudhya , where he was well received by king Ramathibodi II.
Earlier expeditions by Diogo Dias and Afonso de Albuquerque had explored that part of the Indian Ocean, and discovered several islands new to Europeans.
Mascarenhas served as Captain-Major of the Portuguese colony of Malacca from to , and as viceroy of Goa, capital of the Portuguese possessions in Asia, from until his death in He was succeeded by Francisco Barreto , who served with the title of "governor-general".
To enforce a trade monopoly, Muscat , and Hormuz in the Persian Gulf , were seized by Afonso de Albuquerque in , and in and , respectively.
He also entered into diplomatic relations with Persia. In while trying to conquer Aden , an expedition led by Albuquerque cruised the Red Sea inside the Bab al-Mandab , and sheltered at Kamaran island.
In , the Portuguese were the first Europeans to reach the city of Guangzhou by the sea, and they settled on its port for a commercial monopoly of trade with other nations.
They were later expelled from their settlements, but they were allowed the use of Macau , which was also occupied in , and to be appointed in as the base for doing business with Guangzhou.
The quasi-monopoly on foreign trade in the region would be maintained by the Portuguese until the early seventeenth century, when the Spanish and Dutch arrived.
The Portuguese presence disrupted and reorganised the Southeast Asian trade, and in eastern Indonesia they introduced Christianity.
There he established ties with the local ruler who was impressed with his martial skills. The rulers of the competing island states of Ternate and Tidore also sought Portuguese assistance and the newcomers were welcomed in the area as buyers of supplies and spices during a lull in the regional trade due to the temporary disruption of Javanese and Malay sailings to the area following the conflict in Malacca.
The spice trade soon revived but the Portuguese would not be able to fully monopolize nor disrupt this trade. Such an outpost far from Europe generally only attracted the most desperate and avaricious, and as such the feeble attempts at Christianization only strained relations with Ternate's Muslim ruler.
After being declared innocent of the charges against him he was sent back to reassume his throne, but died en route at Malacca in Following the murder of Sultan Hairun at the hands of the Europeans, the Ternateans expelled the hated foreigners in after a five-year siege.
The Portuguese first landed in Ambon in , but it only became the new centre for their activities in Maluku following the expulsion from Ternate.
European power in the region was weak and Ternate became an expanding, fiercely Islamic and anti-European state under the rule of Sultan Baab Ullah r.
Altogether, the Portuguese never had the resources or manpower to control the local trade in spices, and failed in attempts to establish their authority over the crucial Banda Islands, the nearby centre of most nutmeg and mace production.
Following Portuguese missionary work, there have been large Christian communities in eastern Indonesia particularly among the Ambonese.
Mauritius was visited by the Portuguese between by Diogo Fernandes Pereira and The Portuguese took no interest in the isolated Mascarene islands.
Their main African base was in Mozambique , and therefore the Portuguese navigators preferred to use the Mozambique Channel to go to India.
The Comoros at the north proved to be a more practical port of call. Based on the Treaty of Tordesillas , Manuel I claimed territorial rights in the area visited by John Cabot in and Accompanied by colonists from mainland Portugal and the Azores, he explored Newfoundland and Nova Scotia possibly reaching the Bay of Fundy on the Minas Basin [76] , and established a fishing colony on Cape Breton Island , that would last some years or until at least s, based on contemporary accounts.
The first settlement was founded in Some European countries, especially France, were also sending excursions to Brazil to extract brazilwood. Worried about the foreign incursions and hoping to find mineral riches, the Portuguese crown decided to send large missions to take possession of the land and combat the French.
As time passed, the Portuguese created the Viceroyalty of Brazil. The Portuguese assimilated some of the native tribes [82] while others were enslaved or exterminated in long wars or by European diseases to which they had no immunity.
The Dutch sacked Bahia in , and temporarily captured the capital Salvador. In the s and s, the Dutch West India Company established many trade posts or colonies.
The Spanish silver fleet, which carried silver from Spanish colonies to Spain, were seized by Piet Heyn in In Suriname and Guyana were established.
He landed at Recife , the port of Pernambuco and the chief stronghold of the Dutch, in January In most of the inhabitants of the town Pernambuco Recife , in the future Dutch colony of Brazil were Sephardic Jews who had been banned by the Portuguese Inquisition to this town at the other side of the Atlantic Ocean.
As some years afterward the Dutch in Brazil appealed to Holland for craftsmen of all kinds, many Jews went to Brazil; about Jews left Amsterdam in , accompanied by two distinguished scholars — Isaac Aboab da Fonseca and Moses Raphael de Aguilar.
In the struggle between Holland and Portugal for the possession of Brazil the Dutch were supported by the Jews. From to , the Dutch set up more permanently in the Nordeste and controlled a long stretch of the coast most accessible to Europe, without, however, penetrating the interior.
But the colonists of the Dutch West India Company in Brazil were in a constant state of siege, in spite of the presence in Recife of John Maurice of Nassau as governor.
After several years of open warfare, the Dutch formally withdrew in Portuguese sent military expeditions to the Amazon Rainforest and conquered British and Dutch strongholds, [90] founding villages and forts from Before the Iberian Union period — , Spain tried to prevent Portuguese expansion into Brazil with the Treaty of Tordesillas.
This was disputed in vain, and in Spain confirmed Portuguese sovereignty. The defeat of Abu Abdallah and the death of Portugal's king led to the end of the Portuguese Aviz dynasty and later to the integration of Portugal and its empire at the Iberian Union for 60 years under Sebastian's uncle Philip II of Spain.
Philip was married to his relative Mary I cousin of his father, due to this, Philip was King of England and Ireland [93] in a dynastic union with Spain.
The English-Spanish wars of — were clashes not only in English and Spanish ports or on the sea between them but also in and around the present-day territories of Florida, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, and Panama.
Even though the Portuguese were unable to capture the entire island of Ceylon, they were able to control its coastal regions for a considerable time.
From to mostly, the Bandeirantes in Brazil focused on slave hunting, then from to they focused on mineral wealth. Through these expeditions and the Dutch—Portuguese War , Colonial Brazil expanded from the small limits of the Tordesilhas Line to roughly the same borders as current Brazil.
In the 17th century, taking advantage of this period of Portuguese weakness, the Dutch occupied many Portuguese territories in Brazil.
He landed at Recife, the port of Pernambuco, in January The Dutch intrusion into Brazil was long lasting and troublesome to Portugal. The large area of Bahia and its city, the strategically important Salvador, was recovered quickly by an Iberian military expedition in After the dissolution of the Iberian Union in , Portugal re-established authority over its lost territories including remaining Dutch controlled areas.
The other smaller, less developed areas were recovered in stages and relieved of Dutch piracy in the next two decades by local resistance and Portuguese expeditions.
Spanish Formosa was established in Taiwan, first by Portugal in and later renamed and repositioned by Spain in Keelung. It became a natural defence site for the Iberian Union.
The colony was designed to protect Spanish and Portuguese trade from interference by the Dutch base in the south of Taiwan. The Spanish colony was short-lived due to the unwillingness of Spanish colonial authorities in Manila to defend it.
While technological superiority, cultural factors and local allies played an important role in the victories of the conquistadors in the Americas, their conquest was greatly facilitated by old world diseases: smallpox , chicken pox , diphtheria , typhus , influenza , measles , malaria and yellow fever.
The diseases were carried to distant tribes and villages. This typical path of disease transmission moved much faster than the conquistadors, so that as they advanced, resistance weakened.
The American natives lacked immunity to these infections. When Francisco Coronado and the Spaniards first explored the Rio Grande Valley in , in modern New Mexico, some of the chieftains complained of new diseases that affected their tribes.
Pedro de Valdivia explored Chile , founding the city of Santiago in The conquistadores, given more to fighting and the search for gold than to governance, were quickly replaced by administrators and settlers from Spain.
Conquistador Article Media Additional Info. Home World History Global Exploration. Print Cite. Facebook Twitter.
Give Feedback External Websites. While the festivals of independence derived aspects of their structure from colonial festivals, their ideological content stood in stark contrast to these colonial celebrations of the conquest and the conquistadors.
These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.
Both conquistadors and merchants can furnish the evidence for the traits of personality, the types of outlook, that moved the leaders of so notable an advance.
The fact that the peoples they studied preserved written records, some of which became souvenirs for trophy-hungry conquistadores and their sponsors, provided a great boon to modern scholars.
The fertility of these lands compelled the conquistador to found his favorite residence here. From Wikipedia. Sometimes, an expedition of conquistadors were a group of influential men who had recruited and equipped their fighters, by promising a share of the booty.
Neither conquistador stayed in the region for long once it became clear that the local riches were only abundant fish and shellfish. Conquistadors were granted trusteeship over the indigenous people they helped conquer.
The conquistadors accepted and lauded hierarchy and rank. These captaincies general should be distinguished from the ones given to almost all of the conquistadores, which was based on an older tradition.
Corts then calls for his horse, which the last mounted conquistador brings to him. The history of the conquistadores is rife with accounts of rivalry, jockeying for positions, mutiny, and betrayal.
As a conquistador , however, he soon became infamous for his violence, cruelty, and sedition. The land was parceled out to the conquistadores.
The main ingredient for them, gunpowder, came with the conquistadors but for military purposes.
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Home Biology News
Researchers Suggest Halofuginone (HF) May Treat Autoimmune Disorders
TOPICS:AutoimmuneAutoimmune DisordersHalofuginoneHarvard UniversityInflammationJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthMedicine
By Cathryn Delude, Harvard Medical School Communications February 13, 2012
"This compound could inspire novel therapeutic approaches to a variety of autoimmune disorders," said Harvard School of Dental Medicine Professor Malcolm Whitman (from left), the senior author on the new study. Also pictured are Tracy Keller, the first author on the paper and an instructor in Whitman's lab, and Ralph Mazitschek, an assistant professor of radiology at Harvard Medical School.
Researchers from the Harvard School of Dental Medicine discovered the molecular secrets behind the Chinese herbal remedy known as chang shan. By researching halofuginone (HF), a compound derived from this extract's bioactive ingredient, scientists discovered that HF triggers a stress-response pathway that blocks Th17 cells and HF may be used to treat autoimmune disorders.
For roughly 2,000 years, Chinese herbalists have treated malaria using a root extract, commonly known as chang shan, from a type of hydrangea that grows in Tibet and Nepal. More recent studies suggest that halofuginone, a compound derived from this extract's bioactive ingredient, could be used to treat many autoimmune disorders as well. Now, researchers from the Harvard School of Dental Medicine have discovered the molecular secrets behind this herbal extract's power.
It turns out that halofuginone (HF) triggers a stress-response pathway that blocks the development of a harmful class of immune cells, called Th17 cells, which have been implicated in many autoimmune disorders.
"HF prevents the autoimmune response without dampening immunity altogether," said Malcolm Whitman, a professor of developmental biology at Harvard School of Dental Medicine and senior author on the new study. "This compound could inspire novel therapeutic approaches to a variety of autoimmune disorders."
"This study is an exciting example of how solving the molecular mechanism of traditional herbal medicine can lead both to new insights into physiological regulation and to novel approaches to the treatment of disease," said Tracy Keller, an instructor in Whitman's lab and the first author on the paper.
This study, which involved an interdisciplinary team of researchers at Harvard-affiliated Massachusetts General Hospital and elsewhere, will be published online Feb. 12 in Nature Chemical Biology.
Prior research had shown that HF reduced scarring in tissue, scleroderma (a tightening of the skin), multiple sclerosis, scar formation, and even cancer progression. "We thought HF must work on a signaling pathway that had many downstream effects," said Keller.
In 2009, Keller and colleagues reported that HF protects against harmful Th17 immune cells without affecting other beneficial immune cells. Recognized only since 2006, Th17 cells are "bad actors," implicated in many autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and psoriasis. The researchers found that minute doses of HF reduced multiple sclerosis in a mouse model. As such, it was one of a new arsenal of drugs that selectively inhibits autoimmune pathology without suppressing the immune system globally. Further analysis showed that HF was somehow turning on genes involved in a newly discovered pathway called the amino acid response pathway, or AAR.
Scientists have only recently appreciated the role of the nutrient sensing-AAR pathway in immune regulation and metabolic signaling. There is also evidence that it extends life span and delays age-related inflammatory diseases in animal studies on caloric restriction. A conservationist of sorts, AAR lets cells know when they need to preserve resources. For example, when a cell senses a limited supply of amino acids for building proteins, AAR will block signals that promote inflammation because inflamed tissues require lots of protein.
"Think about how during a power outage we conserve what little juice we have left on our devices, foregoing chats in favor of emergency calls," said Whitman. "Cells use similar logic."
For the current study, the researchers investigated how HF activates the AAR pathway, looking at the most basic process that cells use to translate a gene's DNA code into the amino acid chain that makes up a protein.
The researchers were able to home in on a single amino acid, called proline, and discovered that HF targeted and inhibited a particular enzyme (tRNA synthetase EPRS) responsible for incorporating proline into proteins that normally contain it. When this occurred, the AAR response kicked in and produced the therapeutic effects of HF treatment.
Providing supplemental proline reversed the effects of HF on Th17 cell differentiation, while adding back other amino acids did not, establishing the specificity of HF for proline incorporation. Added proline also reversed other therapeutic effects of HF, inhibiting its effectiveness against the malaria parasite as well as certain cellular processes linked to tissue scarring. Again, supplementation with other amino acids had no such effect. Such mounting evidence clearly demonstrated that HF acts specifically to restrict proline.
The researchers think that HF treatment mimics cellular proline deprivation, which activates the AAR response and subsequently impacts immune regulation. Researchers do not yet fully understand the role that amino acid limitation plays in disease response or why restricting proline inhibits Th17 cell production.
Nevertheless, "[the] AAR pathway is clearly an interesting drug target, and halofuginone, in addition to its potential therapeutic uses, is a powerful tool for studying the AAR pathway," said Whitman.
Image: Angela Alberti/Harvard Medical School
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1 Comment on "Researchers Suggest Halofuginone (HF) May Treat Autoimmune Disorders"
Pioneer11X | February 14, 2012 at 2:00 am | Reply
so, what happens if one keeps taking it regularly in small amounts?
Does it increase his/her lifesapn?