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The LeVeque Tower is a 47-story skyscraper located at 50 West Broad Street in Columbus, Ohio. At 555 feet 5 inches (169.29 m) it was the tallest building in the city from its completion in 1927 to 1974, and remains the second-tallest today.
American Insurance Union Citadel
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
Front of the building, with the Ohio Department of Education building in the foreground
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50 West Broad Street
39°57′44″N 83°0′7″W / 39.96222°N 83.00194°W / 39.96222; -83.00194Coordinates: 39°57′44″N 83°0′7″W / 39.96222°N 83.00194°W / 39.96222; -83.00194
353,768 square feet (32,866.1 m2)[2]
C. Howard Crane[3]
Art Moderne[4]
NRHP reference #
75001398[1]
Added to NRHP
Designed by C. Howard Crane, the 353,768 square feet (32,866.1 m2) art moderne skyscraper was opened as the American Insurance Union Citadel in 1927 and at the time was the fifth tallest building in the world. Built at a cost of $8.7 million, the tower's design incorporated ornate ornamentation and a terracotta facade, and it was designed with 600 hotel rooms in two wings as well as an attached performance venue, the Palace Theatre. After American Insurance Union went bankrupt in the Great Depression, the tower was renamed the Lincoln-LeVeque Tower in 1946, and later the LeVeque Tower in 1977.
The tower's office space saw mixed success in attracting tenants during its early history, but it became home to a number of state agencies and law firms. As development of downtown Columbus peaked from the 1960s and several other high rise buildings were constructed, the tower faced increasing competition from other major office buildings and its vacancy rates rose. Over the course of its history, the tower changed hands several times before being sold to a group of real estate investors in 2011. The current owners subsequently converted it into a mixed-use development including a hotel, apartments, condominiums, offices and a restaurant, which opened in 2017.
1 Design and construction
2.1 Changing function and ownership
2.3 2012 Renovation
3 Associated amenities
3.1 Deshler Hotel
3.2 Palace Theatre
4.1 Footnotes
4.2 Citations
Design and constructionEdit
What would become the LeVeque Tower was commissioned by the American Insurance Union, a group formed in 1894 as a "fraternal insurance company, secret society and social club" by John J. Lentz, who would later become a U.S. Representative, and who served as president of the organization. Originally named the "American Insurance Union Citadel," the tower was to be the headquarters for the organization and would replace a smaller building it used on the corner of Broad Street and Front Street in downtown Columbus, a short distance from the Scioto River.[5] The tower was designed by Detroit, Michigan-based architect C. Howard Crane, known for grandiose designs.[3][2] Its construction took place during the first wave of modern skyscraper development in the United States.[6]
Detail of the Art Deco ornamentation on upper stories in September 2017
The original plan for the tower was to have three principal components: a 47-story tower with a rentable area of 353,768 square feet (32,866.1 m2), which would be flanked by a pair of 18-story wings;[2] the 2,827-seat Keith-Albee Theater (later renamed Palace Theatre;) and the 600-room Deshler-Wallick Hotel. It was to measure 188 feet (57 m) along both Broad and Front streets[5] and rise to 555 feet 5 inches (169.29 m) in height.[5][2] This intentionally set the building 5 inches (130 mm) taller than the Washington Monument.[7][8]
Designed in the art moderne style,[4] the building took inspiration from Byzantine architecture, particularly religious buildings constructed in the 4th through 13th centuries.[9] Initially, Crane considered stone to construct the building but later decided on cream-colored terracotta despite concerns its blocks would be small and prone to warping.[10] It featured a large number of figures situated 495 feet (151 m) and higher along the building facade and around its pinnacle, including eagles with wingspans up to 22 feet (6.7 m), giants and angels up to 26 feet (7.9 m).[11] Some of these were later removed after concerns about falling materials and to obtain unobstructed penthouse views.[12] An octagonal bartizan was designed at the top of the building with long, narrow loop windows, and it was topped by a dome with heraldic imagery. Inside, the building contained marble imported from Italy and Belgium, and public spaces were decorated with bronze and mosaics.[11] The building lobby was designed with a marble floor with a bronze plaque containing the building's horoscope and which shows the positions of the planets at the time that the building's cornerstone was laid.[9] Following completion, the building was lit at night to accentuate its architectural features, and its four turrets were also lit with floodlights to make a landmark for aviators, which at times made it visible for up to 20 miles (32 km) as a navigational aide.[9][13] The top of the tower was also designed to accommodate mooring for zeppelins.[14] Later, it housed radio antennae.[15]
Elevators serving the building were "micro self-leveling type," automatically controlled by push buttons and which could travel at 900 feet (270 m) per minute, which rose to the 41st floor. A shuttle elevator ran from there to the observation deck.[16] Water tanks for fire protection and plumbing were placed on the 23rd and 43rd floors, and the building was also designed with duplicate mechanical systems for redundancy.[17] An executive dining room, termed the Mid-Air Club, would be built on the 43rd floor, sponsored by local businessmen and aviation enthusiasts. The 44th floor would be an observation deck that would be open to the public for 25 cents. The floor featured 24 floor-to-ceiling windows as well as an observation balcony on the 46th floor, which would be reachable only by ladder. In all, 60 construction contractor companies were named to build the structure, which cost a total of $7.8 million. Northwestern Terra Cotta Co. of Chicago supplied the materials wrapping the building.[5] The American Insurance Union had a five-story auditorium building at 50 W. Broad St. which was torn down in preparation for the new tower. Colonial Theatre, opened at 1909 at 40 W. Broad St., was also closed and demolished in 1924 to make way for the tower.[18]
At height of construction, about 650 men would work on the structure at a time.[11] Groundbreaking for the tower took place on September 23, 1924. Excavation commenced after that, with 44 caissons sunk 114 feet (35 m) into the bedrock for a foundation,[5][19] through 80 feet (24 m) of water using air pressure.[16] These tunnels were so deep that specialized crews of "sandhogs", who had gained experience building the Holland Tunnel in New York City, were brought in and the construction site had an on-site hospital and decompression chamber for men suffering from decompression sickness.[20] On January 26, 1925, an accident occurred underground that killed four workers when a toxic gas was accidentally released during the setting of the caissons, overwhelming them and causing them to fall into the foundation.[20][21] A fifth construction worker was killed later in the buildings construction after falling from its steel framing.[21] A cornerstone was laid on February 13, 1926. The building's frame would consist of 10,000 tonnes (9,800 long tons; 11,000 short tons) of steel. The building was wired with 100 miles (160 km) of electrical wire, 137,000 feet (42,000 m) of heating pipe for thousands of radiators, 67 electrical motors, 14,000 electrical outlets, and 1,756 windows. Construction of the building took 19 months. It was dedicated on September 21, 1927. When complete, it was the tallest building in Columbus and the fifth tallest building in the world, including being the tallest building between New York City and Chicago.[5][21] Albert Bushnell Hart, who spoke at the building's dedication, likened the building to Carcassonne.[9]
The word "Citadel" has a peculiar significance as the architectural culmination of a great humanitarian institution. In the old days of strong fortifications, such cities as Nuremberg, Chester and Quebec were defended, first of all, by a surrounding wall, the foundations of which were protected by a moat. Within that wall was added, as a second line of defense, a Citadel, such as the lordly castle still standing inside the wall of that famous fortress, Carcassonne, in southern France. There the garrison could hold on that inner line of endurance. The name of Citadel is especially appropriate as a watchword of a great insurance company; for millions of families in the United States protect themselves, from the "terror by night and the destruction that wasteth at noonday" through this defensive institution. —Albert Bushnell Hart, speaking at the building's dedication, September 21, 1927.[9]
Details of the top
Art and architecture critics received the tower's design well. Dudley Crafts Watson, director of Chicago Art Institute, highlighted it as one of five great examples of artistic achievement to come out of Columbus in the 1920s, calling it "the most original and American of skyscrapers" and "just an honest piece of magnificent construction."[22] Writing in 1932 in a book Ohio Art and Artists, Edna Clarke called the building "a milestone in the growth of the city ... it signalizes the transformation from a large overgrown country town into a city. It stands out against the skyline so sharply it can't be ignored."[13] Architectural Forum called it "splendid" and "impressive."[23] The tower quickly became a symbol synonymous with Columbus and one of the city's most well-recognized landmarks.[24][4] It was the first landmark that was easily visible from around the city.[13]
The building's construction coincided with a rebuilding of the Columbus riverfront along the Scioto River following the Great Flood of 1913.[25] In the 1920s and 1930s, the city saw a new Columbus City Hall built across the street, a new headquarters for the Columbus Police Department, a new federal building, courthouse and state office building.[26] The city's population tripled by 1950 to 375,000 people.[27]
Changing function and ownershipEdit
Deshler-Wallick Hotel
After the tower's completion, American Insurance Union occupied floors 19 and 20, with the remainder of the space available for rental out to other office users.[5] But the construction of the building saw several significant cost overruns, prompting American Insurance Union to dip into its financial reserves to pay for the tower.[28] Financial problems soon arose for the insurer, because the tower cost $800,000 more than its budget allowed for, and not all of the office space planned in the building filled up quickly.[12]
The tower immediately became important to radio broadcasting in the city, which was in the late 1920s becoming more important.[29] This was because the building was an ideal height for broadcasting and there were no mountains or other intervening structures around Central Ohio to disrupt radio signals broadcast from antennae at the tower's apex. The tower then became home to a number of radio stations, including WAIU. Lentz had purchased WAIU in 1925 to serve as a platform for his progressive views.[30] Moving into the tower allowed WAIU to increase its broadcasting power to 5,000 watts.[31] By the 1960s, WCOL had a broadcast room atop the tower.[32]
American Insurance Union failed during the Great Depression, and was reorganized as the American Insurance Union Inc. in 1931. The entity survived until 1934 when it went into receivership, and ceased to exist.[3] During this time, the tower was known pejoratively as the "IOU Tower" given the financial difficulties of its owner.[13] After the company went bankrupt, the group marketed the building in order to pay off unpaid policies.[21] It ultimately sold to Lesley LeVeque and John Lincoln in 1945 and was renamed the LeVeque-Lincoln Tower.[3] LeVeque was a local real estate investor, and after his death, his son Fred LeVeque and his wife, Katherine LeVeque, became prominent figures in the Columbus community.[28]
CompetitionEdit
The tower dominated the Columbus skyline, which did not see significant high-rise construction until the 1960s,[33] though there was at least one major attempt to build another high-rise in the city in 1953.[34] It was the only building in Columbus taller than 300 feet (91 m) until 1962.[8][Note 1] As a number of other major commercial ventures like Huntington Bank and American Electric Power flourished in the city, its urban core saw construction of new high rises to suit them.[36] The building remained the tallest structure in Columbus until the Rhodes State Office Tower was completed in 1974.[4][37] The Lincoln-LeVeque Tower was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.[7] Fred LeVeque bought the Palace Theatre but was killed in an airplane crash in 1975, leaving Katherine LeVeque president of the company's prominent Columbus real estate group, LeVeque Enterprises. Columbus' downtown office market saw some issues with high vacancy rates, but the tower itself retained higher-than-average occupancy rates.[38]
Katherine LeVeque took complete control of the building through a trust in 1977.[39] That year, the name was officially changed to the LeVeque Tower.[7] It faced increasing competition from other office buildings being constructed in downtown Columbus in the 1980s, and LeVeque put $18 million into renovations to keep the historic tower competitive with newer and more modern office space, including a totally new HVAC system, energy efficiency upgrades and updates to the bathrooms and public areas of the building.[28] In 1984, the opening of Huntington Center, Capitol Square and One Columbus Center put 2,000,000 square feet (190,000 m2) of new office space on the market in downtown Columbus.[40]
The State of Ohio was a major tenant in the building for a significant part of its history. The Ohio Department of Job and Family Services leased nearly 20 percent of the building until it moved in 2003,[41] and the Ohio Department of Aging was a major tenant as well. Additionally, a number of law firms and private financial services entities leased space in the building. The loss of the major state organizations in the tower significantly hurt the building's ability to pay for its mortgage, and in 2004, an affiliate of Miami-based LNR Property Corp. took control of the tower, which was then valued at $22 million.[39] LeVeque turned the building over to the new ownership group in lieu of a foreclosure on a $16.2 million mortgage on the building, and at this point it was about a third empty.[42] She had previously engaged an architect on a proposal to convert part of the building to residential use, but it was deemed not financially feasible at the time.[43]
In 2005, the building was sold again to Finsilver/Friedman Management Corp. for $8.5 million. At the time of the sale, the building remained about a third empty. The new building owner committed to substantial upgrades to the tower to keep it competitive. The renovations helped it land some smaller tenants in the office space.[44] Leasing there, though, remained poor and by 2009 its office space was still about a third empty, in spite of the change of leasing teams several times.[45]
2012 RenovationEdit
In 2011, the tower was purchased by Tower 10 LLC, a joint venture of Columbus real estate investors including Bob Meyers, Don Casto and Michael Schiff, for $4 million. By that point, the office building's vacancy rate had risen to 43 percent.[46] The partners planned a $22 million project to fix cracked terracotta on the tower and convert it from an office building to a hotel and residential structure.[43] In 2012, the owners announced the renovation would cost $26.7 million,[47] including $5 million in tax credits from the State of Ohio the renovation.[48][49]
The renovation project, completed in 2017, saw extensive work to repair the building's terracotta facade and modernize its interior. LeVeque Tower was redesigned as a mixed use development, with floors 5 to 10 of the building converted into a 150-room boutique hotel, the Hotel LeVeque under Marriott International's Autograph Collection brand, and with some event space. Floors 3, 4, and 11-18 were renovated as 160,000 square feet of office space, while the remaining 19 floors were converted into upscale residential units, a mix of 68 apartments and 12 condominiums, with two penthouse units on the top floors.[50][51][52] A restaurant, The Keep, was opened by Illinois-based First Hospitality Group Inc. on the second floor.[53]
Associated amenitiesEdit
Deshler HotelEdit
The building in 2016
The building's two wings were used as an extra 600 rooms for the Deshler Hotel, which had been built at the northwest corner of Broad and High streets. Announced in 1912 and opened in 1916, the hotel already had 400 rooms, intended to rival the other luxury hotels of the world.[54] The hotel was later leased by Lew and Adrian Wallick, hoteliers from Ohio and New York. Called the Deshler-Wallick Hotel by the time the LeVeque tower opened, the 600 rooms were accessible by a "venetian bridge" linking the two buildings on the second floor. New York Mayor Jimmy Walker, who attended the opening, tried and nearly succeeded in having a ceremonial sip of wine in each of the 600 hotel rooms. The hotel would later host President Harry S. Truman in 1946 during a meeting of the Federal Council of Churches of Christ. He and Bess Truman would later stay at the hotel again in 1953.[55] In 1947 the hotel sold to Julius Epstein of Chicago, apparently for $2 million,[56] who again sold it five years later to the Hilton Hotels chain, which renamed the hotel the Deshler-Hilton. In 1964 it was sold to a company owned by Charles Cole who renamed it the Deshler-Cole. Cole eliminated the 600 rooms located inside LeVeque Tower and invested $2 million to remodel the hotel. The hotel rooms in the building's wings having been eliminated, the "venetian bridge" was demolished.[57] The building was sold a final time to Fred Beasley in 1966 and renamed the Deshler-Beasley before being closed in 1968 and demolished in 1969.[55][58] Today the site is the home of the One Columbus Center, a tower developed in part by LeVeque Enterprises.[41]
Palace TheatreEdit
Main article: Palace Theatre (Columbus, Ohio)
Palace Theatre, at 34 W. Broad St., opened November 8, 1926 as a vaudeville house under the Keith-Albee name.[59] A number of famous performers would appear there, some before their careers took off. Among them were Bing Crosby, George Burns, Gracie Allen, Gypsy Rose Lee, Jack Benny, Tom Mix, Jackie Gleason, The Three Stooges, Eddie Cantor and Mae West, who performed in March 1938 and broke all its previous attendance records.[59] It hosted a number of bands in the 1940s, including Duke Ellington, Tommy Dorsey, Glenn Miller, Louis Armstrong, Count Basie, Guy Lombardo, Benny Goodman and Lionel Hampton. The theatre hosted the world premiere of The Male Animal on March 12, 1942, which was attended by Henry Fonda, Olivia de Havilland, James Thurber and Joan Leslie.[59]
Closing in 1975, the property fell vacant and was proposed for demolition in order for a parking lot to be constructed.[41] In 1980, the theatre was renovated and restored by Katherine LeVeque using her personal funds, and began hosting a new set of acts.[60] Among these, it brought in Red Skelton, Sammy Davis, Jr., Mickey Rooney, Tom Jones, Natalie Cole, Judy Collins and Tony Bennett. The venue has come to host Broadway theatre acts.[59] Palace Theatre remains in operation with a main 2,827-seat auditorium, designed as a vaudeville house and movie theater. It was acquired by the Columbus Association for the Performing Arts in 1989.[4]
While the Leveque Tower was designed by Detoit architect C. Howard Crane, who was noted for designing over 250 theatres across North America, the Palace Theatre within the Leveque Tower was designed by another leading theatre architect, Thomas W. Lamb. Lamb was the preferred architect of the Keith Albee theatre chain.
^ The city's first high-rise building, the 11-story Wyandotte Building, was completed in 1898 at 21 W. Broad St. followed by the 13-story 16 East Broad Street building in 1900, 12-story Harrison Building in 1903, and 17-story 8 East Broad Street in 1906.[35]
^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
^ a b c d Owen 1999, p. 416.
^ a b c d Korom 2008, p. 358.
^ a b c d e Darbee & Recchie 2008, p. 43.
^ a b c d e f g Korom 2008, p. 356.
^ Korom 2008, p. 323.
^ a b c Betti & Uhas Sauer 2013, p. 53.
^ a b Bennett 2007, p. 51.
^ a b c d e Korom 2008, p. 357.
^ Crane 1926, p. 14.
^ a b c Owen 1999, p. 417.
^ a b Ghose, Carrie (2008-07-07). "City's oldest, newest skyscrapers helped end construction droughts". Columbus Business First. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
^ a b c d Hunker 2000, p. 73.
^ Betti & Uhas Sauer 2013, p. 14.
^ Adams 2016, p. 112.
^ a b Crane 1926, p. 30.
^ Hunter 2012, p. 92.
^ Hunker 2000, p. 12.
^ a b Betti & Uhas Sauer 2013, p. 26.
^ a b c d Hunter 2012, p. 93.
^ Architectural Forum: The Magazine of Building, 50, Time-Life Inc., 1928, p. 188, ISSN 0003-8539, OCLC 780888302
^ Bennett 2007, p. 33.
^ Gold 2009, p. 307.
^ a b c Lentz, Ed (1997-03-31). "Towering tradition: City's 1930's skyscraper still classy address". Columbus Business First. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
^ Adams 2016, p. 10.
^ Hunker 2000, p. 5.
^ Smith, Robin (2016-10-21). "Behind the List: Early Columbus skyscrapers trace changes in building technology, style". Columbus Business First. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved 2018-02-08.
^ Hunker 2000, p. 94-95.
^ Lentz, Ed (2002-10-07). "Skyline jewel marks milestone, continues to be successful investment". Columbus Business First. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
^ a b Wolf, Barnet D. (2004-02-08). "Skyscraper in Columbus valued at $22M is sold". The Chicago Tribune. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
^ Ghose, Carrie (2008-07-07). "Will Columbus ever get another skyscraper?". Columbus Business First. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved 2018-01-27.
^ a b c Lovelace, Craig (2012-11-02). "Shaping Columbus: Katherine LeVeque". Columbus Business First. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
^ Lilly, Stephen (2004-02-16). "Papers clarify LeVeque tower owner change". Columbus Business First. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
^ a b "LeVeque seeing new life as owners invest millions". Columbus Business First. Columbus, Ohio. 2012-03-16. Retrieved 2018-02-08.
^ Buchanan, Doug (2005-07-11). "Spinnaker's sets sail out of City Center". Columbus Business First. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
^ Ball, Brian R. (2009-05-11). "Snug Harbor Village ready to start marketing in earnest next month". Columbus Business First. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
^ Ball, Brian (2011-03-11). "LeVeque Tower bought for bargain; Casto to lead renovation". Columbus Business First. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
^ Ball, Brian R. (July 6, 2012). "LeVeque Tower renovations in line for city incentives". Columbus Business First. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
^ "LeVeque Facelift". The Columbus Dispatch. Columbus, Ohio. 2012-07-07. Retrieved 2018-02-08.
^ Wartenberg, Steve (March 27, 2015). "LeVeque Tower hotel plans to open next year". The Columbus Dispatch. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved August 4, 2017.
^ Weese, Evan (2016-10-27). "Wanna work in the LeVeque? Offices now available for lease". Columbus Business First. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
^ Matzer Rose, Marla (2016-08-28). "LeVeque Tower showing fruits of $27 million restoration". The Columbus Dispatch. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved 2016-08-07.
^ Hendren, Sam (2017-01-16). "Columbus' LeVeque Tower Shines Anew After Renovation". WOSU. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved 2018-02-08.
^ Eaton, Dan (2017-08-25). "New restaurant opens today, bringing 'playful' French cooking and bourbon to downtown". Columbus Business First. Columbus, Ohio. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
^ a b Hunter 2012, p. 39.
^ Betti & Uhas Sauer 2015, p. 116.
^ Betti & Uhas Sauer 2015, p. 119-120.
Adams, Mike (2016), Columbus Radio, Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing, ISBN 978-1540201744
Barrett, Richard (2007), Columbus 1910-1970, Mount Pleasant, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing, ISBN 978-1531624354
Betti, Tom; Uhas Sauer, Doreen (2013), On This Day in Columbus, Ohio History, Charleston, South Carolina: The History Press, ISBN 978-1609496685
Betti, Tom; Uhas Sauer, Doreen (2015), Historic Hotels of Columbus, Ohio, Charleston, South Carolina: The History Press, ISBN 978-1540213235
Crane, C. Howard (1926), The Michigan Technic, Volumes 40-41, 40, Ann Arbor, Michigan, OCLC 7294160
Darbee, Jeffrey; Recchie, Nancy (2008), The AIA Guide to Columbus, Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, ISBN 978-0821416846
Gold, David (2009), Democracy in Session: A History of the Ohio General Assembly, Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, ISBN 978-0821418444
Hunker, Henry (2000), Columbus, Ohio: A Personal Geography, Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University Press, ISBN 978-0814208571
Hunter, Bob (2012), A Historical Guidebook to Old Columbus: Finding the Past in the Present in Ohio's Capital City, Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, ISBN 978-0821420126
Korom, Joseph Jr. (2008), The American Skyscraper, 1850-1940: A Celebration of Height, Boston, Massachusetts: Branden Books, ISBN 978-0828321884
Owen, Lorrie K., ed. (1999), Ohio Historic Places Dictionary, Volume 2, St. Clair Shores, Michigan: Somerset Publishers Inc., ISBN 978-0403033942
Wikimedia Commons has media related to LeVeque Tower.
Hotel LeVeque official website
LVQ Apartments official website
The LeVeque Tower Residences official website
CAPA venues–Palace Theatre history
Columbus Business First: "Papers clarify LeVeque Tower owner change"
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=LeVeque_Tower&oldid=930968372"


Police and fire officials responded to Haymarket Station shortly after noon.
BOSTON (AP) — One person has been struck by a subway train in Boston.
Police and fire officials responded to Haymarket Station in Boston shortly after 12 p.m. on Tuesday for reports of a person being hit by an Orange Line train.
#MBTA Orange Line experiencing delays due to medical emergency at Haymarket station. Customers are advised to use the Green Line for service between North Station and Copley.
#MBTA #OrangeLine service is suspended btw N Station & Back Bay due to a person struck by a train at Haymarket. Customers are advised to use Green Line service btw N Station and Copley. Orange Line service will be crossing back at N Station and Back Bay.
#MBTA #OrangeLine Update: Service has resumed in both directions with residual delays up to 10 minutes.
The person's condition is not known.
MBTA spokesman Joe Pesaturo says the situation remains under investigation.


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I would like to present oily perch fish curry as week�s special. Perch fish is more tender and delicious among freshwater fish. Fish together with tomato, green chili and celery make complete flavors and perfect meal. If you have a chance, should try it for once.
Green chili - 2 nos.
Celery leaf - 3 nos.
Cooking oil - 3 tbsps.
Remove fish scales, fins and wash properly with much water together with vinegar. Cut tomato into 4 pieces each and chop green chili into pieces.
Pounded or grinded onion, garlic and ginger. Heat the cooking pan and add oil. When the oil getting hot add pounded onion mixture and then add turmeric powder and red chili powder and stirs until the onion mixture become soften. After that add fish sauce.
After that add fish sauce. Put all fishes and mix all to combine. Stirs fry for about 30 seconds and add tomato and water and salt. Cover the pan and cook until tomato become soft. Taste it and add seasoning powder as needed.
When you satisfy the taste, add celery leaf and green chili on top and ready to serve. Transfer to serving dish and enjoy your meal with your family.


For the most part, Israel has always been able to identify and manage its own particular involvements with Syria, regarding both the incessantly criminal regime of Bashar al-Assad and the sub-national groups in-league with the dictator or opposed to him. Nonetheless, the increasingly belligerent rhetoric of the American president toward both Assad and his principal mentor in Moscow now suggest some potentially imminent and far-reaching conflict transformations in the entire region. In turn, such changes could quickly produce very grave hazards to Israel, risks that lie ominously beyond its own national scope of operational competence or political influence. Ultimately, of course, the most serious of any such transformations would concern a nuclear war between the superpowers.
In those notably unprecedented circumstances, virtually all traditional geopolitical models that were once au courant in Tel Aviv and Jerusalem would summarily become moot.
For the United States, the corresponding "trick" will be to meet both military and legal objectives without simultaneously generating a nuclear war. Significantly, at least on the military side, there are no available experts on the subject of nuclear war – not in Washington, not in Moscow, not in Jerusalem. This is the case, moreover, whether we are presently concerned with deliberate or inadvertent nuclear war.
Arguably, in this particular geo-strategic context, the latter would appear more portentous than the former, at least from the standpoint of plausibility or presumptive likelihood.
For US President Donald Trump, it will be necessary above all to avoid any direct military confrontations with Russian forces or identifiable weapon system assets. In this connection, it is entirely possible that Russian President Vladimir Putin would deploy Russian soldiers to some of the areas most likely to be targeted by the United States. These Russian deployments could be undertaken for purely tactical reasons, or instead for less conspicuous purposes of enhancing credible deterrence.
In essence, the latter purposes would be to erect a suitable "trip wire." Accordingly, the purpose of the deployed Russian troops would not be to actually fight against the Americans, but rather to "trip" certain expectedly desirable escalations with the United States. Naturally, drawing an exact line between desirable and undesirable escalations here would prove very difficult in practice, and could have a broad variety of possible conflict outcomes.
To be sure, these murky and historically unique circumstances could slowly or suddenly escalate out of control, triggering either an inadvertent or very deliberate nuclear war. In either case, most other states in the Middle East could be more-or-less directly impacted, Israel, of course, in particular. Significantly, because true probabilities can only be calculated according to the discernible frequency of pertinent past events, there would be no reliable way to figure out how it would end.
In the obviously worst-case scenario, the ending would involve multiple firings of nuclear missiles and/or bombs – issuing from both superpower combatants.
What about the Russian soldiers? Their only predictable function in such an inherently ambiguous scenario would be to die. Plainly, they could serve no other ordinary military function.
Furthermore, even if Vladimir Putin would not purposefully introduce a trip wire force into the conflict, his already deployed S-400 advanced surface-to-air missile systems could readily elicit identically perilous consequences. In essence, because the Americans would necessarily strike these missile targets first, Russian military personnel could plausibly be among the first casualties of any impending superpower military engagement in Syria.
Then what? For Israel, the answers would depend, in large measure, upon the actual physical and human costs being inflicted upon the Jewish State, whether intentional or as "collateral" harms.
Quo vadis? Where might President Trump and the United States go now? It's a question for Israelis, as well as for Americans.
Insofar as Mr. Trump has already announced an allegedly irrevocable decision to employ armed force against Syria, the president's operational choices are probably foreseeable in Moscow. In response, Mr. Putin could take various prompt military steps to counter the growing American preparations, or to best avoid any forms of superpower military engagement altogether.
For Israel, that decision taken in Moscow could produce manifestly different but still decisively consequential outcomes.
All things considered, US President Donald Trump's available policy options could lead incrementally and/or inexorably to certain direct US-Russian military encounters. Among other things, Mr. Trump's most advanced strategic thinkers (not ordinary tactical planners) would then need to work very quickly and capably through the hideously complex dialectics of virtually all possible nuclear attack scenarios.
In the final analysis, what will be needed in Washington will be exceptional intellectual skills, not just the far more usual and orthodox operational talents. For the United States, the overriding task must not be to merely maximize target damage in Syria, but also to prevent any grievously destructive nuclear war in the area. Depending upon the precise extent to which US President Donald Trump can keep this sensitive equation correctly in mind, the resultant outcomes will be more or less welcome in Israel.
For the moment, less seems far more plausible.
Louis René Beres is Emeritus Professor of International Law at Purdue. A frequent contributor to Israel Defense, he lectures and publishes widely on matters of Israeli security and nuclear strategy.


To install without Docker requires installing and configuring many services. See Step-by-Step Installation.
Download the latest release of Allura, or clone from git for the bleeding edge.
Install Docker and Docker Compose. On Linux, you may need to create a docker group. On Mac, make sure you're in a directory that Virtual Box shares through to the VM (by default, anywhere in your home directory works).
For a production-ready Allura, follow the instructions in Allura/production-docker-example.ini. Then run export COMPOSE_FILE=docker-compose-prod.yml and continue running the following commands. This will give you HTTPS, settings for better performance and no debugging, and only expose necessary ports.
You're up and running! Visit localhost:8080, or on a Mac or Windows whatever IP address Docker Toolbox is using. Then see our Post-setup instructions and read more below about the Docker environment for Allura.
These are created on first run.
Current directory mounted as /allura inside containers. This means your current source code in your host environment is shared with the containers. You can edit Allura code directly, and the containers will reflect your changes.
There are a few default projects (like "test") and neighborhoods. Feel free to experiment with them. If you want to register a new project in your own forge, visit /p/add_project .
First of all you need to create a project, which will serve as a container for keeping site administrators (users who will have access to the admin interface).
By default all admins of "allura" project in "Projects" neighborhood are treated as site admins. If you want to use different project for that, change site_admins_project in development.ini.
The development.ini file is geared towards development, so you will want to review carefully and make changes for production use.
Change [handler_console] section, so that logs go to a file and will include background tasks info.
Add write permissions to the /path/to/allura.log for the user you use to run allura proccess.
The first one is used for simple cookies, the latter is used for encrypted cookies.
If you are running on a public facing server, you should check out some of the additional gunicorn configuration options at http://gunicorn.org/. For example, you'll want multiple worker processes to handle simultaneous requests, proxy behind nginx for added protection, etc.
The development.ini file has many options you can explore and configure.
To run SVN and Git services, see the SCM Host Setup page.
By default this uses port 8825. Depending on your mail routing, you may need to change that port number. And if the port is in use, this command will fail. You can check the log file for any errors. To change the port number, edit development.ini and change forgemail.port to the appropriate port number for your environment.
The following command can be used for quick and easy monitoring of outgoing email during development.
If you are running locally without docker, run this command. Be sure the port matches the smtp_port from your development.ini (8826 by default).
This will create a new debugging server that discards messages and prints them to stdout.
Keep auth.ldap.autoregister = true This means Allura will use existing users from your LDAP server.
Set auth.allow_user_registration = false since your users already are present in LDAP.
Change user_prefs_storage.ldap.fields.display_name if needed (e.g. if display names are stored in a different LDAP attribute).
Restart Allura and you should be all set. Now users can log in with their LDAP credentials and their Allura records will be automatically created the first time they log in.


If you have a bad credit score it can mean that you will be restricted in what you can do. It will mean that it will be very difficult for you to borrow money, so whether you want a car loan, mortgage or credit card, you may be refused. It may even affect the chances of you finding a house to rent, getting a good utility deal or finding a job. It is therefore really important to try to get a good credit score.
If you have never had the opportunity to pay bills, borrow money or things like this, then you will not have a good credit score. This is because you have not been able to show that you are capable of making payments on time. This is no reason to borrow money though, there are other things that you can do to build up your credit score. If you get your name put in utility bills, get a credit card and pay it off each month in full, organise an overdraft and do not use it or other similar things , you should find that these will enable you to get rated. Then, as long as you make repayments on time this will help. It will also help you if you stay at one address for a significant amount of time rather than moving home a lot and make sure that you are on the electoral role at your current address.
If you have debts then your credit score is based on this. It means that you may not be trusted financially because of this and therefore you could find that it has a detrimental effect on your options. In order to prove that you can be trusted you will need to start working at it. Make sure that you always make all of your payments on time. This is not just your loan repayments but also your bills and rent and anything else that needs to be paid.
Make sure that you pay everything on time so that you can prove you can make repayments.
It is worth checking your credit record every so often. You may find that it is not correct and that is why you are having trouble getting credit. Make sure that items on there are correct. If there are things listed that you do not recognise then query it and have them removed or make sure that you have paid them off. You can pay as little as a few pounds to see your credit report and then you will be able to contact a credit reference agency if the information is incorrect and add a notice of correction to show that your circumstances have now changed.
Any late payments on utility bills, mortgage, loans or credit cards will stay on your record for up to six years and so you need to be careful of this. A CCJ will also stay on for as long and so avoid this if you can. If you are jointly named on something where the other person has a poor credit record, this will also be reflected in their attitude towards you.
If you have credit available to you, perhaps in an overdraft or credit card, that you do not use, then this could count against you. Lenders may look at how much available credit you have when they are deciding whether to lend you money and they could decide that they will not lend to you as you could potentially accumulate lots of debt. So get rid of cards that you are not using.
Having a permanent job is obviously a really big plus as well. Something with a good contract, rather than zero hours and that is reasonably secure. Knowing that you have an income coming in and that it is from a source that is likely to continue, makes a great deal of difference.
If you keep applying for credit and being turned down it will look bad on your credit report. It is best to stop doing so until you can improve it. By applying for a lot, it looks like you are desperate to get into debt, which is obviously not a good thing.
There are some pre-paid cards which can help to improve your credit rating. You will be loaned a very small sum of money by the card company and be asked to pay it back on a monthly basis. This will prove that you are capable of making repayments and paying off debt. However, these can be expensive and there will be fees as well as interest on money borrowed. There are also credit cards which can do the same thing but the interest payments will be far higher than on a regular card. If you pay the balance back each month you can build up your credit rating, but it could be tempting to get into more debt instead and be liable for the really high interest rate.