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(-) UROPS
(-) Graphics & Vision
(-) Human-Computer Interaction
(-) Systems & Networking
Anyscale Learning for All ALFA
Our vision is data-driven machine learning systems that advance the quality of healthcare, the understanding of cyber arms races and the delivery of online education.
Una-May O'Reilly
HCI Engineering Group
We work at the intersection of human computer interaction and personal fabrication tools.
Stefanie Mueller
Multicore Algorithmics
We develop techniques for designing, implementing, and reasoning about multiprocessor algorithms, in particular concurrent data structures for multicore machines and the mathematical foundations of the computation models that govern their behavior.
Nir Shavit
Sensing, Learning and Inference
We develop scalable algorithms for analysis of complex, high-dimensional data.
Better Models for Ride-Sharing
Traffic is not just a nuisance for drivers: It's also a public health hazard and bad news for the economy.
A system that can help you to design our own drone!
Tao Du
Supervising Robots with Muscle and Brain Signals
What if we could control robots more intuitively, using just hand gestures and brainwaves?
Human-Computer Interaction Energy Manufacturing
Mueller named 2020 Microsoft Research Faculty Fellow
Human-Computer Interaction Energy Entertainment Manufacturing
Objects can now change colors like a chameleon
Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory team creates new reprogrammable ink that lets objects change colors using light.
Computer Architecture Security & Cryptography Cybersecurity Energy
Opening up open-source to design better chips
MIT CSAIL system lets users change one part of a processor's design without impacting the others
AI & ML Human-Computer Interaction Energy Internet of Things Manufacturing
February 13 '17
Voice control everywhere
The butt of jokes as little as 10 years ago, automatic speech recognition is now on the verge of becoming people's chief means of interacting with their principal computing devices. In anticipation of the age of voice-controlled electronics, MIT researchers have built a low-power chip specialized for automatic speech recognition. Whereas a cellphone running speech-recognition software might require about 1 watt of power, the new chip requires between 0.2 and 10 milliwatts, depending on the number of words it has to recognize.
Algorithms & Theory AI & ML Systems & Networking Big Data Energy
What better wind-speed prediction can do for the energy industry
When a power company wants to build a new wind farm, it generally hires a consultant to make wind speed measurements at the proposed site for eight to 12 months. Those measurements are correlated with historical data and used to assess the site's power-generation capacity.This month CSAIL researchers will present a new statistical technique that yields better wind-speed predictions than existing techniques do — even when it uses only three months' worth of data. That could save power companies time and money, particularly in the evaluation of sites for offshore wind farms, where maintaining measurement stations is particularly costly.


New York, NY – The Chiara String Quartet (Rebecca Fischer and Hyeyung Julie Yoon, violins; Jonah Sirota, viola; Gregory Beaver, cello) will perform all six of Béla Bartók's string quartets by heart, or from memory, a feat never attempted before, at National Sawdust (80 N. 6th St., Brooklyn, NY) on August 30 (Quartets Nos, 1, 3, and 5) and 31 (Quartets Nos. 2, 4, and 6) at 7pm. Bartók's quartets highlight an incredible life in music, from his journey uncovering rare folk music of Europe and Northern Africa to his final exodus from Hungary to America on the eve of World War II. This cycle brings his amazing, colorful works to life in vivid performances.
The concerts follow shortly after the release of the Chiara's Bartók by Heart, on Azica Records on August 26, 2016, which features all six string quartets, recorded entirely from memory. The album was produced by Alan Bise and recorded by Bruce Egre at Troy Savings Bank Music Hall in Troy, NY. The Chiara will also perform the complete cycle at the Ravinia Festival in Highland Park, IL on September 7 and 8.
Hungarian composer Béla Bartók sought to capture the essence of folk music in his string quartets, and in his travels across Europe and North Africa, he documented hundreds of hours of folk music, meticulously transcribing it. Much of this music had never before been written down, and had instead been passed down from generation to generation in an oral tradition.
More about the Chiara Quartet: Renowned for bringing fresh excitement to traditional string quartet repertoire as well as for creating insightful interpretations of new music, the Chiara String Quartet captivates its audiences throughout the country. The Chiara has established itself as among America's most respected ensembles. They are currently Hixson-Lied Artists-in-Residence at the Glenn Korff School of Music at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and were the Blodgett Artists-in-Residence at Harvard University from 2008-2014. For the 2015-2016 season, the Chiara was the Quartet in Residence at The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.
Now in its 16th season, the Chiara has adopted a new way of performing: from memory, without printed sheet music. For almost all of the Quartet's upcoming concerts, they will be performing entirely "by heart." Of the process, the Chiara's cellist Gregory Beaver says, "Each member must find a way to know the music inside and out – it has brought us much closer together in our music-making." After memorizing a work, the Quartet is rewarded with deeply gratifying performances where each member feels fully present in the moment, truly performing with heart, by heart.
Bartók by Heart follows Brahms by Heart, which the Chiara released on Azica in March 2014. The set includes Brahms' String Quartets and his String Quintet No. 2 in G Major, Op. 111 with violist Roger Tapping. The album, played "with infectious charm, exultant phrasing and nostalgic affection" (The Strad), was recorded by Grammy Award-winning producer Judith Sherman at Troy Savings Bank Music Hall. The Chiara discography also includes Jefferson Friedman's String Quartets Nos. 2 and 3 on New Amsterdam Records, the Mozart and Brahms clarinet quintets with Håkan Rosengren for SMS Classical, and the world premiere recordings of Robert Sirota's Triptych and Gabriela Lena Frank's Leyendas: An Andean Walkabout on the Quartet's own New Voice Singles label. The Chiara is also featured on Nadia Sirota's debut recording for New Amsterdam Records, first things first.


This is a fully compatible re-designed stepper driver for the MakerBot Replicator 1 and Replicator 2/2X. These are made to drive any stepper motor (like NEMA17 type motors), in either full, half, quarter, or sixteenth micro-step resolution. The foot print is similar to other A4988, DRV8834, or DRV8825 based boards.
The Vref voltage is found using the formula: Vref = Imax x 8 x Rsense, where Imax = max. driving current, Rsense is the sensing resistor value (0.27 Ohm).
These drivers are hard to come by after 2015, when MakerBot Industries stopped making them.
The MightStep17 driver is based on the original A4982 stepper motor driver chipset which used on the MakerBot and is current limit programmable from the MakerBot MakerWare application. It uses the same 0.270 Ohm sensing resistor to make the current scale the same.


And yet everywhere I looked, my periphery supplied ghosts of him: lounging indolently on a couch, reaching up to add a final stroke to a poem, bowing over my hand. And there, of course, pausing at the foot of the narrow stairs to the grand bedchamber. Looking over his shoulder, a half smile adorning the human face he wore even when we were alone.
Looking over his shoulder, a half smile adorning the human face he wore even when we were alone.
Hester's skin itched all over, and she longed for cool sand sliding against her bare belly. One, two, three eggs into her mouth, one sharp bite, and the clear, viscous glair ran down her throat. The shells were tougher than she expected. They tasted tart, like spoiled goat's milk. She waited for the change, but the sun crawled higher and nothing happened.
One, two, three eggs into her mouth, one sharp bite, and the clear, viscous glair ran down her throat.


Wheel stops provide the ideal solution for inhibiting contact with an end barrier or high kerb, controlling the kerb overhang where it is inconvenient or hazardous to pedestrians, and also inhibiting encroachment into an opposing truck parking space.
Constructed from recycled rubber, Australian Bollards' AB-WS-2000 wheel stops are longer in length and more durable to accommodate the weight of larger vehicles, such as vans and trucks. Similar to the car wheel stop, the truck enforcer is a one-piece construction which enables the wheel stop to be installed by one person without the need for heavy machinery.
Our wheel stops comply with Australian Standards (AS2890.1:2004) due to its exceptional performance ratings. They have been built with materials used ensure durability and longevity over an extensive range of time.


We work only with French White Oak hardwoods and have become masters of our craft. Our commitment to quality products, exceptional services and incomparable customer care keep our community coming back again and again. We never stop improving, and are continuing to expand our offerings based on how we can best serve the San Francisco area.
© 2019, Doug Wilson Hardwoods. All rights Reserved.


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Thomas Keating
A Rising Tide of Silence is a reflective portrait of Father Thomas Keating, one of today's most influential spiritual leaders. Interweaving historical footage, interviews, and extensive conversations with Father Thomas, the film traces his spiritual journey from an affluent New York City childhood, to an austere Trappist monastic life, to his rise through the Order, and his election as Abbot of St. Joseph's Abby in 1961.
While at the Monastery in the early 1970's Father Thomas introduced Eastern religious practices to the monks and became one of the originators of Centering Prayer. After resigning as Abbott in 1981, Father Thomas founded Contemplative Outreach in 1984 to bring Centering Prayer to a worldwide audience. A renowned theologian and author of more than 30 books, Father Thomas Keating is widely recognized for his ecumenical approach to spirituality. For those who encounter him, his example is a moving modern journey of faith.
Copyright © 2014 A Rising Tide of Silence LLC

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The Block 2021: 'We have got a very big surprise'
There's a showdown on its way, so get ready "Block Heads" because The Block 2021 is back for its 17th year.
The Block 2021 has been billed as fans verse favorites, with first time Block couples up against Block legends.
This year, the show is also renovating the rulebook. And for the first time ever, contestants will start from scratch.
A Current Affair reporter Seb Costello and Scotty Cam. (A Current Affair)
READ MORE: The latest development in The Block auction scandal
"We have got a very big surprise, that they're not aware of - that there are no plans," The Block host Scotty Cam told A Current Affair reporter Seb Costello.
"We have a footprint, and they have to build to that footprint … but whatever they do inside is up to them."
In another Block first, this year's series will take place in a cul-da-sac - which according to Cam will see things get interesting right from the start.
The Block 2021 is said to be full of surprises. (A Current Affair)
The Block 2021 contestants. (A Current Affair)
READ MORE: Woman at centre of The Block bombshell takes to social media
"Really early on, I think, there's going to be some controversy," Cam said.
"It's certainly a rollercoaster, it always is on the Block. There'll be some controversy because we've got some characters, and I'm looking forward to seeing how that pans out."
Among those characters are 28-year-old Love Island twins, Josh and Luke.
Love Island twins, Josh and Luke will be on The Block 2021. (A Current Affair)
New The Block contestants Love Island twins, Josh and Luke. (A Current Affair)
READ MORE: The woman who thought she could trick The Block exposed
"It's very different, we're very far away from the Fiji sun, but if you asked us which one, we prefer … it's this all day, because we're achieving more than just a tan," Josh said.
They're the youngest couple this year, and perhaps the most inexperienced.
At the more experienced end of the ladder will be Sydney-based granddads and Block favourites Mitch and Mark - who will be back again.
"It's such an honour to be back, we had such an amazing experience, it really did change our lives," Mitch said.
There's a lot of first's expected during The Block 2021. (A Current Affair)
Mitch and Mark from The Block. (A Current Affair)
Mitch and Mark said they're aware their experience may prove daunting for the other couples.
"It sounds like they might be a little intimidated," Mark said.
"We're happy for them to feel that way, it might put them off their game."
Among the newbies are Melbourne parents Tanya and Vito, who both work in the beauty industry.
"We are going to be against Mitch and Mark? (they're) our favorite people on The Block," Vito said.
Melbourne parents, Tanya and Vito. (A Current Affair)
While Tanya said she's a little intimidated, Vito is hoping he can ask Mark and Mitch for some tips.
"I don't find it intimidating that they've done 19 homes," Vito said.
And in a year of Block first's you can bet on one thing, it won't be the last year for its popular host.
"Hopefully it keeps going a few more years, this is season 17, Seb, 17 … We're hoping to get to 20, then I might have to pack it in," he said.
But for now, he's still got to guide a whole new group of unforgettable Aussies through The Block 2021 as they prepare to become household names themselves.
Property News: House prices in some school catchments explode by up to $367,000 - domain.com.au


Kanetix's revised quarterly, year-over-year, review now looks at the auto insurance rates consumers are acting on in their search for coverage.
TORONTO, Jan. 12 2011 – Kanetix® (www.kanetix.ca) has tuned up its quarterly auto insurance rate review and has today released the results. Personal auto insurance was 9.5 per cent higher in Ontario in Q4 2010 while 4.9 per cent and 0.4 per cent lower in Quebec and Alberta respectively as compared to Q4 2009.
Ontario auto insurance was on average 9.5 per cent higher in Q4 2010 as compared to Q4 2009. Reforms came into effect in the previous quarter which saw many insurers decrease rates. However, due to increases implemented prior to the reforms, auto insurance consumers could still see rates higher than what they were paying last year when they get their renewal.
Quebec auto insurance decreased 4.9 per cent in Q4 2010 as compared to Q4 2009. Quebec drivers increasingly used Kanetix to explore money-saving options which appears to be the reason behind the decrease. For example, more drivers took advantage of discounts this year; 3.5 per cent more indicated they participated in a roadside assistance program. As well, more drivers chose to opt out of optional coverages like collision and comprehensive.
Alberta auto insurance decreased 0.4 per cent in Q4 2010 as compared to Q4 2009. This result is consistent with the industry-wide reduction of premiums implemented on November 1, 2010. The review further observed an increase in younger drivers with limited driving experience visiting Kanetix to shop around. A 5 per cent growth in drivers under the age of 25 and a 6 per cent growth in drivers licensed less than 5 years shows that online comparison shopping is a convenient and easy way to find competitively priced Alberta auto insurance, no matter what the age or driving history.
Kanetix's quarterly review of auto insurance is intended as a tool to spot and highlight the pricing trends of car insurance.
In the past, the rate review looked at the lowest quotes delivered to all shoppers. The new fine-tuned version however, considers only those quotes where shoppers requested that Kanetix introduce them to the insurance provider. These drivers are doing more than just kicking the tires, they are in the market for auto insurance at the time they are comparison shopping.
The results are determined by taking an average of all the quotes which were acted upon by shoppers in Q4 2010 and comparing that to the average from the same period in 2009. Only the quote of the provider who the shoppers connected to via Kanetix.ca were considered. All 'introductions' were included, regardless of their driving or insurance history, and no matter which company provided the quoted rate (e.g. direct writing companies or broker-based insurers).


The latest Ford Edge reviews, news, and updates. The American mid-size crossover has been in market for 12 years yet still in its 2nd-generation. But the new 2018 Edge ST is paving a new path for the sporty CUV.
The new 2019 Edge ST making 335-hp overshadows the current Ford Edge Sport's 315-hp, and will arrive at dealerships this summer.
More city-dweller than outdoorsy - the all-new 2015 Ford Edge is tech savvy and light on its feet.


With fewer banks buying municipal bonds, rates on the longest-dated securities are climbing – with 30-years rates up 20 bps in the last month. What's behind this surge? How is this affecting issuers? Is this hurting muni performance?
In this week's episode of MuniLand, John Murphy and Brendan McGrail tackle these questions and more. Plus, a sneak peak into Murph's upcoming blog and final preparations for the Municipal Finance Leadership Summit 2018 in Boston, featuring keynote speaker Rebecca Olsen, Acting Director of the SEC's Office of Municipal Securities.


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George Turnbull, né le  – mort le , est un philosophe, théologien, professeur, écrivain sur l'éducation et une des premières mais peu connue personnalité des Lumières écossaises. Il enseigne au  à Aberdeen, est employé comme tuteur et devient pasteur anglican. Mis à part ses écrits publiés sur la philosophie morale, il est également connu pour l'influence qu'il a exercée sur Thomas Reid et comme le premier membre des Lumières écossaises à publier un traité formel sur la théorie et la pratique de l'éducation .

Biographie
George Turnbull naît le  à Alloa dans le Clackmannanshire. Il est le fils de George Turnbull et de son épouse Elizabeth, et le troisième de leurs neuf enfants. Turnbull commence ses études à l'université d'Édimbourg en 1711 et se met à étudier en vue de l'obtention d'un diplôme en divinité en 1717 et obtient son MA en 1721. Pendant ses années d'études à Edimbourg, il est proche du Rankenian club, cercle d'intellectuels qui comprend ceux qui deviendront ses plus proches collaborateurs : , le chirurgien et , un prédicateur. À cette époque, Turnbull est intéressé par la création d'une forme rationnelle du christianisme, ce qui l'amène à entretenir une correspondance avec John Toland et à rédiger un essai de défense de la tolérance religieuse qui n'a jamais été publié.

Turnbull est nommé régent au  d'Aberdeen le . Les thèses de ses deux soutenances sont intitulées De scientiae naturalis cum philosophia morali conjunctione en 1723 et De pulcherrima mundi cum materialis tum rationalis constitutione en 1726. Ces deux œuvres indiquent qu'il est le premier penseur écossais à publier des écrits en faveur de l'utilisation de ce qu'on appelle la méthode newtonienne pour fonder une philosophie morale. Turnbull s'inspire aussi fortement idées de Lord Shaftesbury. Bien que cela puisse être interprété comme l'indication d'une préoccupation pour une bourse d'études de son temps, Turnbull montre une grande affection pour les moralistes classiques de l'antiquité.

Bien que Turnbull est un professeur populaire et qu'il exerce une influence durable sur des élèves tels que Thomas Reid, il décide néanmoins de quitter Marischal. Il cherche un poste ailleurs et connaît des différends avec Thomas Blackwell, le principal du collège. Turnbull quitte le collège sans autorisation préalable et va servir de tuteur à la famille Udney. En 1727, il démissionne officiellement. Après sa démission, il occupe des emplois de tutorat et voyage en Europe. Il obtient ensuite un diplôme de l'université d'Edimbourg. À ce moment de moment, Turnbull décide qu'il pourrait chercher un emploi au sein de l'Église Anglicane et s'inscrit au Collège d'Exeter à Oxford en 1733 et reçoit un baccalauréat en droit civil.

Des difficultés financières forcent Turnbull à reprendre le tutorat, et avec quelques appréhensions, il passe 2 ans en Italie où il est tuteur du fils de Lord Rockingham. En 1737, il utilise ses relations avec Thomas Birch pour sécuriser son ordination par l'évêque de Winchester. Ceci précipite son entrée dans les milieux judiciaires et en 1741, il est nommé aumônier du Prince de Galles. Un an plus tard, Turnbull obtient le poste de recteur de Drumachose par l'évêque de Derry et est nommé tuteur de Horace Walpole en 1744.

Ouvrages
Au cours des années 1730 et 1740, Turnbull publie une série de brochures et de livres qui puisent largement dans ses préoccupations théologiques. Il publie un petit tract en 1731, inspiré par un passage dans les écrits de Lord Shaftesbury : A philosophical enquiry concerning the connexion betwixt the doctrines and miracles of Jesus Christ, où il soutient que tout comme les expériences confirment les théories scientifiques, de même les miracles de Jésus-Christ confirment la doctrine chrétienne. Turnbull rédige alors une critique de Matthew Tindal dans Christianity neither False nor Useless, Tho' not as Old as the Creation en 1732, qui traite de la relation entre religion naturelle et religion révélée.

En 1740, Turnbull publie A Treatise on Ancient Painting, où il plaide en faveur de l'utilité pédagogique des beaux-arts, fondée sur l'idée que la peinture est une sorte de langage, qui transmet des idées et des vérités sur la vie, la philosophie et la nature.
Plus tard cette année, il publie un bref texte religieux, An Impartial Enquiry into the Moral Character of Jesus Christ. Dans cet ouvrage, Turnbull présente le Christ comme le plus grand des philosophes moraux. Il publie également les grands principes de sa philosophie The Principles of Moral and Christian Philosophy, qui s'inspirent des anciennes lectures d'Aberdeen ainsi que de ses discussions avec les philosophes du continent. La dernière œuvre importante de Turnbull est publiée en 1742 : Observations upon Liberal Education, dans laquelle il suggère une nouvelle catégorisation et la répartition de la connaissance ainsi qu'une révision des programmes d'études universitaires.

Turnbull meurt à La Haye le  pour des raisons inconnues.

Notes et références

Liens externes
George Turnbull at The Online Library of Liberty

Source de la traduction

Philosophe écossais du XVIIIe siècle
Philosophe des Lumières
Philosophe moral
Professeur à l'université d'Aberdeen
Étudiant de l'université d'Édimbourg
Naissance en Écosse
Naissance en juillet 1698
Décès à La Haye
Décès en janvier 1748
Décès à 49 ans

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Tottenham Hotspur manager Andre Villas-Boas has urged UEFA to take action against alleged racist chanting during Spurs' Europa League group game against Lazio at White Hart Lane.
It is alleged that Lazio fans made monkey chants on numerous occasions towards Tottenham players Aaron Lennon, Andros Townsend and Jermain Defoe.
Villas-Boas stressed that he himself did not hear the words but believes the travelling Lazio fans may have been guilty of such improper conduct.
"I think UEFA will act if the accusations are proven," the Portugese manager said after the game, adding.
"UEFA is very active on this kind of situation so and our overall objective is to kick racism out of football. I can't point the finger at anyone in any way shape or form tonight because I didn't hear anything. It's for the authorities to follow up in any kind of investigation."
Football Against Racism in Europe (FARE), a prominent anti-racism group, have also raised concerns against Lazio fans at White Hart Lane and have posted these on their Twitter account: "British media + fans on social networks report racism directed at Tottenham striker Jermain Defoe during Europa League match v Lazio."
Neither of the concerned clubs or UEFA have made official comments on the matter, although it is understood Spurs are considering a formal complaint.
The match itself finished a scoreless draw but there were plenty of talking points throughout the 90 minutes, even without claims of racist behaviour. Spurs were clearly the dominant force through the match, comprehensively outplaying their visitors. However, White Hart Lane faithful were forced to settle for a draw despite the ball finding the back of Lazio's net three times.
All three goals - from Clint Dempsey, Gareth Bale and Steven Caulker - were ruled out.


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Home/Technology For SMEs/Samsung Galaxy A21 Alleged Render Tips Quad Rear Cameras
Samsung Galaxy A21 Alleged Render Tips Quad Rear Cameras
SMEStreet Desk Follow on Twitter Send an email March 4, 2020Last Updated: March 4, 2020
Samsung Galaxy A21, touted to be a budget to mid-range smartphone, is said to come with four rear cameras, a hole-punch front panel, and a rear-mounted fingerprint scanner, a new report suggests. The Samsung Galaxy A21 will also sport an Infinity-O display up front, with the camera cutout on the top left of the screen. An alleged render of the phone, which will succeed the company's Galaxy S20, has also surfaced online.
According to a report by Android Headlines, the Samsung Galaxy A21 will have four cameras on the back. Earlier reports have suggested that the phone might include a macro camera that will allow users to take super close-up shots.
The report further said that the Galaxy A21 will include a dual-LED flash on the right side of the camera and a rear-mounted fingerprint sensor, all of which can be seen the render shared by Android Headlines.
The presence of a rear-mounted fingerprint sensor is a slightly surprising development in 2020, as more and more manufacturer are going for in-display fingerprint scanners, even in rather affordable phones.
Additionally, from what we can see in the render, Samsung Galaxy A21 will probably come with a large chin on the bottom of the display.
Other specifications show the phone are said to include Exynos 7904 chipset, 4GB RAM, and 64GB of storage, and a microSD slot.
The Galaxy A21 and the Galaxy A11 are Samsung's two highly anticipated devices, especially among the consumers who don't want to spend too much on their smartphone purchase. There is no word on when Samsung plans to unveil these but we hope to hear from the company soon.
Samsung Samsung Galaxy A21 Samsung India
WhatsApp Dark Mode Now Rolling Out To All Android And iPhone Users
Citrix: Fueling Business Continuity in Tumultuous Times


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The Foundations of English Racism
Continental-style racial theories made their way into England from about 1840 onwards. One of the earliest exponents was none other than Thomas Arnold, the famous headmaster of Rugby School, and a leading historian. He advanced a universal theory of world history, in which he assigned a special role to the Aryans, specifically the Germanic races, which included, of course, the Anglo-Saxons. Race theories in general made their way into the oddest corners of British intellectual life. Consider the following;
You never observe a great intellectual movement in Europe in which the Jews do not greatly participate. The first Jesuits were Jews; that mysterious Russian diplomacy which so alarms Western Europe is organised and principally carried on by Jews; that mighty revolution which is at this moment preparing in Germany, and which will be, in fact, a second and greater Reformation, and of which so little is as yet known in England, is entirely developing under the auspices of Jews, who almost monopolise the professional chairs in Germany...
Who wrote that? Why, none other than Benjamin Disraeli in his 1844 novel Coningsby, and himself of Jewish origin.. His view, for all its fancy, was benign: it was, nevertheless, to find a malign echo in the coming development of European anti-Semitism.
But we have to go further north, to Edinburgh, in fact, to discover the man who has been described as the "real founder of British racism." His name was Robert Knox, a leading anatomist and an anthropologist, best known now as the chief client of the Edinburgh body-snatchers, Burke and Hare. His published work included The Races of Men, in which he described the Jewish race as 'sterile parasites.'
For Knox, race was the key to all human activity-"...that the race in human affairs is everything, is simply a fact, the most comprehensive, which philosophy has ever announced. Race is everything: literature, science, art-in a word, civilization depends on it." The highest races were the Germans, the Saxons, and the Celts; the lowest were Black Africans. Though now Knox's work is almost completely forgotten, it was widely admired at the time, by Charles Darwin, among others
Labels: racism, robert knox
Quiet_Man 17 September 2009 at 23:02
You're blaming English racism on a Scot? Figures :)
Toque 18 September 2009 at 02:04
And Darwin also had a thing about blondes, Ana.
JM 18 September 2009 at 03:11
Good morning, Ana,
I have no problem with the concept of race ; in fact, I think race is a beautiful thing. The notion that one belongs to a stream of people which emerges out of the remote past is an attractive description of what actually happens, and a major part of that attraction is the realization that the stream is composed of individuals, real people who led real lives and performed real deeds that stemmed from real thoughts and ideas. In a sense I know these people, even though they might have lived many centuries ago and are nameless to me.
I have little time for people who try to explain race away. Typically they do this by appealing to the common roots of all humanity. But the common roots, while uniting all humanity in their humanness, do not indicate sameness in the branches and fruits of the tree of life. If they did, then there would be no differences between a person and a platypus, or a cat and a cow.
Similarly, attempts have been made to point to the substantially identical dna of all humanity ; because our dna is substantially the same, then we are all the same. But, again, there is a fault in the logic here. One might as well say that, because an iron pot has the same molecular structure as an iron kettle, then there are no differences between pots and kettles. Indeed, there would be no differences between pots, kettles and iron bridges.
It seems to me that the error in these attempts explain away race stem from selecting a particular level of analysis to the exclusion of all others. Such attempts are frightfully rational, analytical and scientific. But they are also wrong-headed and, like much science, are really rather dull. They miss most of the magic and the mystery of the world by reducing our thinking to simplicities. In fact, these simple levels of analysis are chosen precisely because they can be understood by simple people.
I must here enter the obligatory caveat, so that the simple-minded do not become confused, and I do so without reservation. There is no necessary connection between loving the concept of race and the hating of particular races. It is a fine thing to admire the history and accomplishments of one's own race, where such admiration is justified ; it is a fine thing to take a modest pride in one's own ancestry and to believe it better than others'. But it is a paltry thing to fail to justify the admiration and pride that people of other races feel ; and a disgusting thing to hate people merely on grounds of race. In fact, hatred of anything except evil is abhorrent.
Anastasia F-B 19 September 2009 at 22:50
Well, not quite, Quiet Man. :-)
Yes, blondes do have more fun, Toque!
Thanks for that interesting and thoughtful response, Jamie. I also like the idea of 'belonging', of being part of a people, of a culture and of a tradition going back for centuries. I just wonder if 'race' is at all meaningful as an explanatory concept, even as a form of shorthand; it's just so hopelessly vague. It's possible to talk in grand terms of the 'human race' or the 'white race' or that 'black race' without any sense of precision. It's all…and it's nothing.
But let's try to reduce this to concrete terms. Can we talk of a British race? I would have though not, at least not in biological terms, as Britain, modern Britain, is really an artificial political creation; it unites certain traditions, yes, but it did not and could not create a new ethnic identity.
I suppose we move on to more solid grounds if we start talking about, to take but two examples, the Scottish or the English race. But the former seems to me to be highly problematic for the simple reason that 'Scottishness' is such an elusive concept when it comes to ethnicity. The Scots have a clear political and cultural identity, there is no mistake about that, but do they have a racial identity, or, better expressed, an identity of themselves as a race? Even the English are an amalgam of different biological streams, Germanic, Celtic and French. Yes, I suppose it is possible to say that a new race, just as a new language, emerged out of this process of transformation and change. It would seem to me to be erroneous, though, to assume, that a state of 'purity' has been attained because evolution, and adaptation, is a continuous process. Is it possible, do you think, to define what it is to be English beyond a community of people living in a given space and speaking a common language? If one introduces the migrants from the old Commonwealth and the new Europe the whole thing just becomes too horribly problematic.
Let me give you one example of an individual who took an entirely sceptical view of race. In responding the Nazi Aryan theory Mussolini said that it was all so much nonsense as 'races' and nations are made up of several elements. In his estimation the only 'pure' race in Europe was the Laps. Not far wrong, I think.
I think I might blog on the subject of race on the MyT site later this week, someting along the lines of my response to you. So, keep looking!
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text:
News Release 30-May-2022
1 million youth became daily tobacco users, most used juul e-cigarettes
Increase in tobacco use among underaged US youth parallels 1990s epidemic, before tobacco control policies were implemented
image: Karen Messer, Ph.D., professor of biostatistics at the Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health view more
Credit: University of California San Diego
More than 1 million United States youth aged 14 to 17 years old in 2017 became new daily tobacco users within two years. By 2019, more than three quarters of these youths were vaping e-cigarettes daily.
Appearing in the May 30, 2022 online edition of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego researchers report that JUUL Labs disrupted the e-cigarette market when they introduced the first high nicotine e-cigarette, a sleek product with candy and fruit flavorings.
In 2017, there was a 40% surge in e-cigarette sales in the United States, driven by JUUL products. The U.S. surgeon general labeled it an epidemic of youth vaping. The researchers show this was also accompanied by an increase in new daily tobacco use, with 64.6% of new users occurring among youths aged 14 to 17.
"Our analysis translates to 2,284 new underaged daily tobacco users each day between 2017 and 2019. This rate of youth tobacco initiation has not been seen since the early 1990s, prior to the implementation of tobacco control measures," said co-author John P. Pierce, Ph.D., Distinguished Professor at the UC San Diego Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, and UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center.
"Given the recent evidence of the potential health consequences of vaping flavored e-cigarettes, this sharp rise among youth requires urgent public health attention and action."
Using data from the nationally representative Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) longitudinal study, undertaken by the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the FDA Center for Tobacco Products under contract with Westat, researchers assessed two cohorts of youth and young adults ages 14 to 34 years: one with baseline survey data in 2014 before the surge of JUUL products, and the other in 2017 as the surge in JUUL sales was occurring.
For five age groups, the researchers compared how many participants used tobacco for the first time and how many became daily tobacco users over a two-year period.
Although the comparison of the 2014 cohort to the 2017 group shows a drop in the number of individuals who tried cigarette smoking or who became daily cigarette smokers, overall daily tobacco usage increased led by a rise in daily e-cigarette vaping, particularly among those aged 14 to 17.
Among the 2017 cohort, those aged 14 to 17 had a 3.6-fold higher rate of progression to daily e-cigarette compared to the 2014 cohort, and two-thirds of all new daily tobacco users were aged 14 to 17 years.
Furthermore, underaged new daily e-cigarette vapers had tobacco dependence scores that were similar to those of new daily cigarette smokers.
E-cigarettes — battery-operated devices that heat a liquid made of nicotine, flavorings and other chemicals to make an aerosol that users inhale into their lungs — were first sold in the United States in 2007. An April 2022 study in eLife led by researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine indicates these non-traditional cigarettes have significant potential for later health consequences.
In 2017, sales in the U.S. skyrocketed. Juul products led the way with youth-appealing flavors and the introduction of high nicotine concentrations, providing users with similar blood nicotine concentrations to traditional cigarette smokers. The researchers estimate that 600,000 individuals in the U.S. under 21 used JUUL products daily in 2019, a rate 2.5-times higher than those aged 25 to 34. Previous research had demonstrated that in 2017, JUUL products were not used by US smokers trying to quit smoking.
"Three major contributors influenced the increase in daily e-cigarette usage: social media campaigns, high nicotine concentrations, and fruit flavors," said senior author Karen Messer, Ph.D., professor of biostatistics at the Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health. "Our prior research indicates that it is very difficult for dependent tobacco users to quit, with many e-cigarette users converting to cigarette smoking. This surge in dependent e-cigarette vaping may be reversing decades of decline in rates of tobacco addiction."
In January 2020, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced a ban on most flavorings in cartridge e-cigarettes. However, the policy did not include disposable e-cigarettes, e-liquids, or refillable devices. The FDA is in the public comment stage for a proposed rule prohibiting menthol cigarettes and flavored cigars.
In 2021, there were an estimated 1.7 million high school-aged vapers with 85% using flavored products. JUUL, which had removed all fruit and candy flavorings at the behest of the FDA in 2019, was no longer the market leader. More than half of high school vapers now used high-nicotine, flavored, disposable devices, wrote the researchers.
Related research:
Effects of mango and mint pod-based e-cigarette aerosol inhalation on inflammatory states of the brain, lung, heart, and colon in mice
Use of E-cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products and Progression to Daily Cigarette Smoking
Association Between Receptivity to Tobacco Advertising and Progression to Tobacco Use in Youth and Young Adults in the PATH Study
Effectiveness of e-cigarettes as aids for smoking cessation: evidence from the PATH Study cohort, 2017-2019
Co-authors include: Jasen Zhang, Laura E. Crotty Alexander, Eric C. Leas, Sheila Kealey, Martha M. White, David R. Strong, Dennis R. Trinidad, Sara B. McMenamin, Ruifeng Chen, and Tarik Benmarhnia, all of UC San Diego.
This research was funded, in part, by the National Institutes of Health (R01CA234539) and the Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program of the University of California, Office of the President (28IR-0066; T31IR-1584; T30IP-0965).
Disclosures: The authors have no conflicts to report.
Daily E-cigarette Use and the Surge in JUUL Sales: 2017–19
The authors have no conflicts to report.
Yadira Galindo
y2galindo@ucsd.edu
NIH/National Institutes of Health, Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program
/Life sciences/Plant sciences/Horticulture/Agronomy/Crop science/Crops/Tobacco
/Health and medicine/Human health/Public health
/Social sciences/Demography/Population/United States population
/Health and medicine/Medical specialties/Pediatrics
/Health and medicine/Diseases and disorders/Substance related disorders/Addiction
/Health and medicine/Medical specialties/Oncology/Carcinogenesis/Carcinogens
/Social sciences/Psychological science/Behavioral psychology/Behavioral addiction
Additional Multimedia
John P. Pierce, Ph.D.
https://ucsdnews.ucsd.edu/


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How should Generic for Lopressor* be taken?
How to reduce the risk of Generic for Lopressor* drug interactions and side effects?
The health and medical information provided here is intended to supplement and not substitute for the expertise and judgment of your physician, pharmacists or other health care professional. It should not be understood to indicate that the use of Generic for Lopressor* is safe, appropriate or effective for you. Always consult your health care professional before using this, or any other, drug.
Tartrate is the salt, which is added in all the drugs and it helps to dissolve the drug in the liver.


text:
Il pesce spada alla ghiotta (u piscispata â ghiotta), è un piatto tipico della cucina calabrese e di quella siciliana, in particolare delle province di Reggio Calabria e Messina.

In Calabria, soprattutto, il pesce spada viene definito come "il pinocchio della Costa Viola", essendo il pesce più richiesto e indiscusso protagonista della gastronomia calabrese, non solo per la prelibatezza delle sue carni, ma anche per il rituale folkloristico che ne caratterizza la pesca.

Uno degli spettacoli più interessanti e cruenti, sono le battute di pesca, le cosiddette spatare,  realizzate con le caratteristiche e rapide imbarcazioni specializzate nella pesca del pesce spada nello stretto di Messina.

La regione Calabria ha ottenuto dal ministero per le politiche agricole e forestali l'inserimento del pesce spada alla ghiotta nell'elenco dei prodotti agroalimentari tradizionali italiani. Una sagra del pescespada si tiene la seconda domenica di luglio a Bagnara Calabra, mentre ad agosto a Scilla.

Note

Voci correlate
 Pesce Spada
 Ghiotta
 Cucina calabrese
 Cucina siciliana
 Pesca del pesce spada
 Stocco alla ghiotta

Altri progetti

Pesce Spada alla Ghiotta
Cucina di Reggio Calabria
Cucina messinese
Piatti a base di pesce


f) recognize high scholarship and potential achievement in physics among outstanding students by means of Sigma Pi Sigma membership.
Clause 1. The elective officers of the Society shall be the President of the Council, the President of Sigma Pi Sigma, one Councilor from each of the geographic Zones, and one Associate Councilor from each of the geographic Zones. Elective officers may not serve more than two consecutive full terms on the Council in the same office. All elective officers must be current members of the Society of Physics Students.
Clause 2. The President of the Council shall be elected biennially by the Society of Physics Students Chapters from a slate of at least two candidates presented by the National Nominating Committee. Elections for the President of the Council and the President of Sigma Pi Sigma shall be held on alternate years. The term shall be nominally two years, beginning thirty days after the election is completed or at the beginning of the next meeting of the Executive Committee, whichever occurs first. The uncompleted term of a President of the Council who vacates the position between annual elections shall be filled as determined by majority vote of the Executive Committee until the next annual election when the remaining portion of the uncompleted term shall be filled through the normal election procedure. The duties of the President of the Council shall include serving on the Executive Committee as its chairperson and presiding over meetings of the Council.
Clause 3. The President of Sigma Pi Sigma shall be elected biennially by the Sigma Pi Sigma Chapters from a slate of at least two candidates presented by the National Nominating Committee. Elections for the President of the Council and the President of the Council and the President of Sigma Pi Sigma shall be held on alternate years. The term of the President of Sigma Pi Sigma shall be nominally two years, beginning thirty days after the election is completed or at the beginning of the next annual meeting of the Council or at the beginning of the next meeting of the Executive Committee, whichever occurs first. The uncompleted term of a President of Sigma Pi Sigma who vacates the position between annual elections shall be filled as determined by majority vote of the Executive Committee until the next annual election when the remaining portion of the uncompleted term shall be filled through the normal election procedure. The duties of the President of Sigma Pi Sigma shall include representing Sigma Pi Sigma to the Executive Committee and the Council and providing liaison, together with the Director of the Society of Physics Students, between Sigma Pi Sigma and the Association of College Honor Societies.
Clause 4. One third of the Councilors, each representing one of the geographic Zones, shall be elected in each annual election by the Society of Physics Students Chapters within their Zones from slates of at least two candidates for each position presented by the national Nominating Committee. Councilors shall be professional physicists who have demonstrated continuing interest in student organizations. The term of Councilor shall be nominally three years, beginning thirty days after the election is completed or at the beginning of the next annual meeting of the Council, whichever comes first. The uncompleted term of a Councilor who vacates the position between annual elections shall be filled as determined by majority vote of the Executive Committee until the next annual election when the remaining portion of the uncompleted term shall be filled through the normal election procedures. The duties of the Councilor shall include representing the Chapters in the Zone at Council meetings, assisting Chapters of the Zone, arranging combined activities among the Chapters in the Zone, and providing liaison between the Chapters in the Zone and National Office.
Clause 5. Associate Councilors, each representing one of the geographic Zones, shall be elected in each annual election by the Society of Physics Students Chapters within their Zones from slates of at least two candidates for each position presented by the respective Zone Nominating Committee. Associate Councilors shall be student members of the Society of Physics Students. The term of Associate Councilor shall be nominally one year, beginning thirty days after the election is completed or at the beginning of the next annual meeting of the Council, whichever occurs first. The uncompleted term of an Associate Councilor who vacates the position between annual elections shall be filled by appointment by the Councilor for that Zone. The duties of an Associate Councilor shall include representing the Chapters in the Zone at Council meetings and assisting the Councilor for the Zone.
Clause 6. Election procedures shall be those specified in the Bylaws of this Constitution.
The Director of the Society of Physics Students shall be the administrative executive of the Society and shall have administrative, supervisory, and fiscal authority over the National Office. The Director of the Society of Physics Students shall serve as secretary for the meetings of the Council and the Executive Committee and shall prepare the agenda for those meetings. The Director of the Society of Physics Students shall be appointed by the Executive Director of the American Institute of Physics with the advice and consent of the Council and shall be responsible to the Executive Director of the American Institute of physics.
The Historian shall maintain a historical record of the Society of Physics Students as well as Sigma Pi Sigma. The Historian shall at- tend all meetings of the Council and Executive Committee, with a voice but no vote. The Historian shall be appointed for a three-year term by the Director of the Society of Physics Students.
The policy making and legislative functions of the Society of Physics Students shall be the responsibility of the Council. The Council shall set the date for the annual meeting of the Council, which shall be designated as a Convention of both the Society of Physics Students and Sigma Pi Sigma. Special meetings may be called by the President of the Council. The Council shall establish the schedule for the election of Council members. Only the Council shall elect persons to Sigma Pi Sigma honorary membership upon recommendation either by the Chapter into which the member is to be received or by a member of the Executive Committee. The Council shall specify the composition of the geographic Zones, with approximately equal numbers of Society of Physics Students Chapters in each Zone.
The Council shall consist of (a) the members of the Executive Committee, (b) one Councilor from each of the geographic Zones, and (c) one Associate Councilor from each of the geographic Zones.
The Executive Committee shall have the administrative, supervisory, and fiscal responsibility for the operations of the Society of Physics Students and shall approve all policies of the Society of Physics Students before they are implemented. The Executive Committee shall specify the procedures for the installation of new Chapters and the reception of new members and shall designate official insignia items of the Society of Physics Students and Sigma Pi Sigma. The Executive Committee shall determine the privileges of, and the dues and fees to be paid by, all members of the Society of Physics Students and/or Sigma Pi Sigma. The Executive Committee shall be responsible for approving petitions for new Chapters and withdrawing charters from Chapters. The Executive Committee shall meet at least twice annually.
Clause 1. The Executive Committee shall consist of (a) the President of the Council, (b) the President of Sigma Pi Sigma, (c) the Associate Councilor Representative, (d) the Director of the Society of Physics Students, (e) the Executive Director of the American Institute of Physics, or his representative, and (f) a member appointed by the Executive Director of the American Institute of Physics. The Director of the Society of Physics Students shall arrange At-Large Sigma Pi Sigma membership for any nonstudent members as soon as possible after their election according to the procedure described in Article IX, Section 4 of this Constitution.
Clause 2. An Associate Councilor Representative on the Executive Committee shall be elected by the Associate Councilors from their number at the time of the annual Council meeting. The term of the Associate Councilor Representative shall be nominally one year beginning at the close of the Council meeting at which the election was held and ending at the close of the next annual Council meeting. The uncompleted term of an Associate Councilor Representative who va- cates the position during the term of office shall be filled by appointment by the President of the Council from among the remaining Associate Councilors.
A Society of Physics Students Chapter which has been inactive for a period of two years or which has indicated its intention to cease to function may be declared officially inactive by the Director. The Director shall have the power to declare a Society of Physics Students Chapter active again if and when, in the judgment of the Director, the Society of Physics Students Chapter demonstrates its ability to function satisfactorily.
Upon recommendation of the Director of the Society of Physics Students, the Executive Committee may withdraw a Society of Physics Students charter. Withdrawal of a Society of Physics Students charter shall be automatic for a Society of Physics Students Chapter which fails to satisfy the requirements of Section 1 of this article.
Clause 1. A Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter may exist only in colleges and universities which grant baccalaureate or higher degrees, which regularly offer such courses in physics as to constitute an undergraduate or graduate curriculum commonly called a "physics major" or its equivalent, and which are accredited by the appropriate national or recognized regional accrediting agencies.
Clause 2. At institutions, otherwise eligible for the establishment of a Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter, where administrative regulations prohibit professional organizations, the Executive Committee may provide for a Society of Physics Students Chapter to function solely as a Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter.
Clause 3. All Sigma Pi Sigma Chapters shall be designated by the official names of the institution in which they are located.
Clause 1. Any Society of Physics Students Chapter, which meets the requirements to establish a Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter, as specified in Clause 1 of Section 1 of this article, and which met those requirements at the time its charter for a Society of Physics Students Chapter was granted, may be granted a charter for a Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter by arranging for the installation of its Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter with the Director of the Society of Physics Students.
Clause 2. Any Society of Physics Students Chapter, which meets the requirements to establish a Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter, as specified in Clause 1 of Section 1 of this article, and which did not meet those requirements at the time its charter for a Society of Physics Students Chapter was granted, may apply for a charter for a Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter. Such Society of Physics Students Chapters shall furnish all data required on the official questionnaire for petitioning groups. Approval of the Executive Committee shall be required to grant a charter for a Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter to such Society of Physics Students Chapters.
Clause 3. New Sigma Pi Sigma Chapters shall be installed by one or more Sigma Pi Sigma members designated as Installing Officers by the Director of the Society of Physics Students. The procedure for the installation of Sigma Pi Sigma Chapters shall be specified by the Executive Committee.
Ordinarily, the Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter bylaws will be included in the Society of Physics Students Chapter bylaws so that separate Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter bylaws are not required. Chapter bylaws shall specify standards for the election of Sigma Pi Sigma members. If separate Sigma Pi Sigma bylaws are used, the Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter bylaws and any amendments thereof must be submitted to the Director of the Society of Physics Students for approval and shall be in accordance with the Society of Physics Students Constitution and Bylaws.
One of the Society of Physics Students Chapter officers, who is a Sigma Pi Sigma member, and the Chapter advisor shall be given specific responsibility for the affairs of the Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter.
A Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter which has been inactive for a period of two years or which has indicated its intention to cease to function may be declared officially inactive by the director. The Director of the Society of Physics Students shall have the power to declare a Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter active again if and when, in the Director's judgment, the Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter demonstrates its ability to function satisfactorily.
Upon recommendation of the Director of the Society of Physics Students, the Executive Committee may withdraw a Sigma Pi Sigma charter. Withdrawal of a Sigma Pi Sigma charter shall be automatic for a Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter which fails to satisfy the requirements of Section 1 of this article.
The Sigma Pi Sigma Chapters shall constitute a national honor society, within the framework of the Society of Physics Students, comparable to the other organizations in the Association of College Honor Societies. The Sigma Pi Sigma Honor Society policies shall be in accordance with the policies specified by the Association of College Honor Societies Constitution for a specialized honor society.
Membership in the Society of Physics Students Chapters shall be open to all persons interested in physics. Any student either in or nearby the institution in which the Society of Physics Students Chapter is located, who shall have paid current dues both to the National Office of the Society of Physics Students and to the Society of Physics Students Chapter shall be a student member. Any other person who shall have paid current dues both to the National Office of the Society of Physics Students and to the Society of Physics Students Chapter shall be a non-student member. Any question about the definition of student status shall be resolved by the Advisor of the local Chapter.
The Director of the Society of Physics Students is empowered to approve at-large memberships in the Society of Physics Students for all persons interested in physics who are not so situated that their membership would be handled normally by a Society of Physics Students Chapter.
The Executive Committee may establish different dues, fees, and/or privileges for student and nonstudent Society of Physics Students members.
Classes of individual membership in Sigma Pi Sigma shall include (a) student, (b) alumnus, and (c) honorary.
Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter membership shall include all student Sigma Pi Sigma members, either in or nearby the institution in which the Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter is located, who are not active members of another Chapter. Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter membership also shall include alumni and Sigma Pi Sigma honorary members, either in or nearby the institution in which the Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter is located, who pay Chapter dues and participate in Chapter activities. Sigma Pi Sigma members may transfer their membership to another Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter.
Clause 1. A Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter may elect into its membership, regardless of membership in or affiliation with any other honor society, those students, faculty members and other qualified persons, either in or nearby the institution in which the Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter is located, who attain its standards of high scholarship in physics and other subjects and who give evidence of professional merit, proficiency, and distinction. Sigma Pi Sigma membership shall be conferred in strict accordance with standards no lower than those established by the Society of Physics Students Constitution and the Association of College Honor Societies Constitution. The only basis of selection shall be the character and the professional or scholastic records of the candidate. Election to Sigma Pi Sigma membership is not restricted to physics majors or members of Society of Physics Students Chapters.
Clause 2. Undergraduate candidates (a) shall have completed at least the equivalent of three semesters or five quarters of full-time college work, (b) shall not rank lower than the upper one third of their college class in overall scholarship, and (c) shall have completed at least three semester courses or five quarter courses in physics, each of at least three credit hours or the equivalent, which may be credited toward a physics major. Chapter bylaws may specify higher minimum requirements for undergraduate candidates and also may specify the minimum scholastic standards for undergraduate candidates in terms of the local grading system. Graduate students of physics or closely related fields shall also be eligible for election to Sigma Pi Sigma membership. Graduate student candidates either (a) shall meet the requirements for undergraduate candidates, based upon their undergraduate records, or (b) shall have completed at least one year of graduate work, meeting departmental standards for satisfactory progress toward an advanced degree. Faculty members, research staff members, and other qualified individuals, either in or nearby the institution in which the Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter is located, who are in physics or closely related fields, shall be eligible for election to Sigma Pi Sigma member- ship on the basis of their professional record.
Clause 3. The election to Sigma Pi Sigma membership shall be conducted by the active members of the Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter. The Chapter advisor shall preside over the Sigma Pi Sigma member- ship nominating committee and shall appoint the Sigma Pi Sigma membership nominating committee from among the active Sigma Pi Sigma members. For institutions where there are no Sigma Pi Sigma members, the Director of the Society of Physics Students or the President of Sigma Pi Sigma may sanction procedures to elect persons to Sigma Pi Sigma membership in accordance with the Sigma Pi Sigma membership requirements specified in the Society of Physics Students Constitution.
The Director of the Society of Physics Students or the President of Sigma Pi Sigma is empowered to elect to Sigma Pi Sigma at-large membership qualified persons who are not so situated that their election into Sigma Pi Sigma membership would be handled normally by a Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter.
A Sigma Pi Sigma member who is not a student shall be designated an alumnus member for life and shall have all the rights and privileges thereof, including those of a member of an affiliated society of the American Institute of Physics.
Clause 1. Any person who has attained noteworthy distinction at the national level in physics or closely related fields shall be eligible for election to Sigma Pi Sigma honorary membership, regardless of whether or not that person is already a Sigma Pi Sigma member.
Clause 2. Sigma Pi Sigma honorary members may be elected only by the Council upon Recommendation either by the Chapter into which the member is to be received or by a member of the Executive Committee.
Clause 3. Persons elected to Sigma Pi Sigma honorary membership shall have all the rights and privileges of other members of Sigma Pi Sigma, but they will not be required to pay any fees.
Each Sigma Pi Sigma Chapter shall use the official procedure for the reception of persons into Sigma Pi Sigma membership. Temporary changes in the procedure in individual cases may be sanctioned by the Director of the Society of Physics Students or the President of Sigma Pi Sigma. The official procedure shall be that approved by the Executive Committee.
Sigma Pi Sigma alumni members may be provided periodically with the opportunity to contribute to the Society. These contributions shall be voluntary, and failure to contribute shall in no manner alter the status of any Sigma Pi Sigma member. The policies for the arrangements for the solicitation and utilization of these funds shall be under the direction of the Executive Committee.
Amendments to this Constitution, with the exception of Articles VII and IX, may be proposed by any member of the Council, by petition endorsed by at least five percent of the Society of Physics Stu- dents Chapters, or by petition signed by at least one hundred members of the Society of Physics Students. Proposed amendments shall be submitted to the Executive Committee, through the Director of the Society of Physics Students, for presentation to the Council. Copies of a duly proposed amendment shall be sent to the Council within fifteen days after it is received by the Director of the Society of Physics Students. A duly proposed amendment shall be presented at the first Council meeting held thirty or more days after its submission to the Executive Committee. A proposed amendment shall be submitted to the Society of Physics Students Chapters for mail ballot if (a) a majority of the Council so votes or (b) it is endorsed by at least ten percent of the Society of Physics Students Chapters or (c) it bears the signature of at least two hundred members of the Society of Physics Students. The mailing shall include a statement of the Council's position regarding the proposed amendment. Adoption of a proposed amendment shall require (a) a favorable vote of a majority of all the Society of Physics Students Chapters or, failing that, of two thirds of the Society of Physics Students Chapters which return a ballot within one month after ballots are mailed and (b) ratification by the Board of Directors of the American Institute of Physics. A ratified amendment shall become effective upon notification of the Society of Physics Students Chapters.
Amendments to Articles VII and IX of this Constitution may be proposed by any member of the Council, by petition endorsed by at least five percent of the Sigma Pi Sigma Chapters, or by petition signed by at least one hundred active members of Sigma Pi Sigma. Proposed amendments shall be submitted to the Executive Committee, through the Director of the Society of Physics Students, for presentation to the Council. Copies of a duly proposed amendment shall be sent to the Council within fifteen days after it is received by the Director of the Society of Physics Students. A duly proposed amendment shall be presented at the first Council meeting held thirty or more days after its submission to the Executive Committee. A proposed amendment shall be submitted to the Sigma Pi Sigma Chapters for mail ballot if (a) a majority of the Council so votes or (b) it is endorsed by at least ten percent of the Sigma Pi Sigma Chapters or (c) it bears the signature of at least two hundred active members of Sigma Pi Sigma. The mailing shall include a statement of the Council's position regarding the pro- posed amendment. Adoption of a proposed amendment shall require (a) a favorable vote of a majority of all the Sigma Pi Sigma Chapters or, failing that, of two thirds of the Sigma Pi Sigma Chapters which return a ballot within one month after ballots are mailed and (b) ratification by the Board of Directors of the American Institute of Physics. A ratified amendment shall become effective upon notification of the Society of Physics Students Chapters.
Adopted and as amended through November 5, 2000.


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Q: ListView - CHOICE_MODE_MULTIPLE_MODAL - Random items are being selected Basically, I have a bug where some of my list view's children will appear selected, when in fact they are not. For example, If I enter ActionMode and select the first child only, several other children will appear as though I've selected them, but aren't actually selected. Why is this happening?
public void onItemCheckedStateChanged(ActionMode mode, int position,
            long id, boolean checked) {
        final int checkedCount = lv.getCheckedItemCount();
        mSelectedConvCount.setText(Integer.toString(checkedCount));
        if (checked) {
            lv.getChildAt(position).setBackgroundColor(
                    Color.BLUE);
        } else {
            lv.getChildAt(position).setBackgroundColor(
                    Color.TRANSPARENT);
        }
    }
}

A: Remember: In a ListView, anything you set or change in any child views must be set every time they are displayed; all you are doing in the code provided is setting it initially. This means your adapter must also setBackgroundColor as appropriate, e.g. in bindView(). Otherwise, when the view is recycled it will retain the previous background color and appear selected when it is not.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Second Man Arrested for Mac Miller's Death
A second man has been arrested in connection with Mac Miller's fatal overdose.
Ryan Reavis, a 36-year-old man from Lake Havasu City, is in custody following an investigation by the FBI and DEA. According to TMZ, law enforcement agencies arrested him after searching his home and finding drugs including prescription-only pills and marijuana. Cops also confiscated firearms, including a 9mm pistol and two shotguns, a homemade firearm suppressor, and an arsenal of ammo. Additionally, they found a physician's prescription pad.
Reavis was arrested and booked on fraud, drug, and gun charges. His bail was set at $50,000.
Earlier this month, Mac's alleged dealer, Cameron James Pettit, was arrested for allegedly supplying Mac with counterfeit oxycodone pills containing fentanyl that cops say led to his death. Prosecutors believe Pettit worked with two women, a prostitute and a madam, who allegedly assisted in supplying Mac with drugs two days before he died.
Miller was discovered unresponsive in his Studio City, Calif. home on Sept. 7, 2018. The Coroner ruled his death as an accidental overdose due to mixed drug toxicity of fentanyl, cocaine, and alcohol.
During a memorial in his hometown, the rapper's father, Mark McCormick, addressed Pettit's arrest. "So they finally caught that motherf**ker that sold him the drugs," he said. "And we find some comfort. And many of us were young including me experimenting with drugs, but it's a different fucking world out there. And all it takes is a little stone, a little tiny stone of fentanyl and cocaine and you're dead."


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Q: Why is my wordpress website so slow and am I having so much downtime? I have used Yslow and PageSpeed to find the cause, but I can't seem to figure out why my blog http://www.fotokringarnhem.nl sometimes loads blazing fast (cached files I guess), and other times takes about 10 seconds or longer to load.
I am on a shared server, but haven't had problems like this with other websites on shared servers.
I'm using cloudflare to speed up my blog to speed things up, but to no avail.
Am I missing something?
Pingdom reports of last 30 days (also see http://stats.pingdom.com/hseaskprwiaz):

*

*Response time average: 7.620 ms

*Slowest Average: 18.307 ms

*Fastest Average: 4.237 ms

*Uptime: 96,24%

Edit 1:
from basicstate.com
diagnostics
+dns
+connect
-request
-response
So I guess it fails on the requests. Options to narrower it down?
Edit 2:
I used P3 (Plugin Performance Profiler) to determine which plugins caused the most loadtime. Turns out that User Access Manager caused about 60% of load time, so I deleted it.
This did something, I now get way less time outs, but it still takes a long time for anything to popup on the screen.
I used the plugin SQL monitor and determined there are 82 queries being executed on request which takes about 10 seconds!!!!

A: If you have a static site with not millions of users and performance is highly variable, your host is probably to blame. I have tried about 8 different hosts and researched a dozen others, I highly suggest Media Temple (mt). Best customer service and performance you can get for the money.
Also, check out a speed test tool by WP Engine: http://speed.wpengine.com/ - great insight into why your site is slow. Takes a few hours to generate a report.

A: Use the P3 plugin
and use this article to further optimize your website: http://andbreak.com/articles/guide-speed-wordpress/
when all else fails, try switching providers
Edit
Turns out that deleting all automatically saved backups of pages and post as well as the concepts was the key. This dramatically cuts my query time to the server.
Now at lightning speeds!
Here is the report from the last few days:
uptime: 99,21%
overall average: 3.322 ms
There is a usefull plugin for WP to also limit the number of autosaves and concepts for posts and pages: Revision control
Results weren't instant by the way. Took a day to take effect.
Basicstate results (clearly showing the improvement when I deleted the revisions and concepts on the 11th of 12th (not sure which)).
date          uptime       dns   connect   request      ttfb      ttlb
2012-09-18     98.97     0.031     0.047     0.047     0.353     0.475
2012-09-17    100.00     0.031     0.047     0.047     0.389     0.810
2012-09-16    100.00     0.029     0.045     0.045     0.342     0.499
2012-09-15     93.81     0.029     0.045     0.045     0.739     1.035
2012-09-14     98.97     0.053     0.068     0.068     0.387     0.565
2012-09-13    100.00     0.058     0.074     0.074     0.499     0.853
2012-09-12     95.00     0.030     0.046     0.046     5.994     7.024
2012-09-11     96.97     0.051     0.096     0.096     9.707     9.949
2012-09-10     73.15     0.027     0.043     0.043     6.765     6.952
2012-09-09     43.48     0.027     0.121     0.121     3.652     3.724
2012-09-08     31.82     0.028     0.045     0.045     2.757     2.867
2012-09-07     71.93     0.026     0.042     0.042     5.917     6.091
2012-09-06     60.49     0.027     0.043     0.043     4.590     4.751


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text:
The birds of Togo: an annotated checklist.
Cheke, Robert A. and J. Frank Walsh.
Tring: British Ornithologists' Union, 1996. Octavo, laminated boards, colour photographs.
BOU Checklist 14. Introductory chapters cover the geology and topography, geography, climate and vegetation, plus breeding, migration, conservation and zoogeography. The bulk of the book comprises the systematic list covering all 624 species reliably recorded in this West Afriacn country. Appendices cover ringing recoveries, and an analysis of avian families.
BOU Checklist
Robert A. Cheke
J. Frank Walsh
The birds of the Cape...
Hazevoet, C. J.
Moreabout The birds of the Cape Verde Islands: an annotated checklist
A photographic guide to mammals...
Stuart, Chris amd Tilde Stuart.
Moreabout A photographic guide to mammals of North Africa and the Middle East
Francois Levaillant and the Birds...
Rookmaaker, L. C. et al.
Moreabout Francois Levaillant and the Birds of Africa


See entries that contain "technology"
definition 1: a field of knowledge having to do with the practical applications of science and industry, or the inventions and methods of solving problems that are produced through research in these areas.
Doctors increasingly depend on medical technology.
definition 2: a particular method of solving practical problems that comes out of research in science and industry.
Many car companies have become more interested in developing fuel-saving technologies.


Integrative Medicine, sometimes referred to as alternative or complementary medicine, is a treatment programme that takes account of the whole person, including all aspects of lifestyle. It places emphasis on the therapeutic relationship between doctor and patient, where the individuality of the patient is acknowledged, incorporating their experiences, mindset and health goals. The practitioner can combine several alternative therapies together with conventional medicine, or not. The process is done in consultation with the patient's input and is supported in a personal way by the doctor.
It's important to note that conventional medicine is not necessarily rejected, but may still be used in conjunction with alternative remedies. Most importantly, only alternative medicines that have been scientifically tested for positive results, are used.
The process continues to be inquiry-driven and open to new paradigms.
Both doctor and patient work together a team to find the best solutions in the healing process, which is seen as an individual and personal process for every patient.
Healing is considered a holistic event for the body, including all aspects of its functioning, mind, spirit and community.
There are often side effects to traditional medicines and using a variety of interventions that are less invasive is seen as more practical and gentle on the body, while still remaining effective.
The range of conditions that are open to testing this approach to healing, are growing daily. For instance, depression, arthritis or sleeplessness amongst others, have been found to respond effectively to alternative treatments. There is a greater amount of information and transparency because the practice is one of careful investigation, building strong scientific knowledge while creating individually-layered solutions.
Integrative medicine is aligned to work with the natural functions of the body. Very often conventional medicine is seen to be merely treating symptoms rather than the underlying dysfunctional physical cause. As a result a growing number of practitioners are looking at integrating more holistic treatments such as nutrition, supplements, herbal medicine, etc, that may be helpful in treating these underlying causes, or even ultimately contributing to cures.
The result is that conventional Western medicine is leaning ever more positively towards complementary medicines and treatments. The logic of introducing an integrative approach to medicine into national health care systems has been seen as a wise move, after all it can prove both cheaper and successful. Not to mention the fact that better health at greater affordability and sustainability will lower the attendance of patients at both general practices and hospitals.
Certainly studies are ongoing. There is a significant amount of evidence to support naturopathic therapies, but often these are small and do not have sufficient funding. To put treatments with years of evidence behind them through modern, acceptable drug trials would prove highly expensive. Therefore, it is the doctors who are equipped with knowledge on both sides of the spectrum who are able to pioneer this work effectively with patients who prefer to investigate this newly-developing route to better health.
Naturopathic medicine: is based on the principle that nature has the potential to heal any dysfunction of the body. Integrative medicine uses many of the same approaches because the practices align across many issues such as: diet, lifestyle, exercise, herbal medicine, detoxing, etc. But while natural alternatives remain popular, integrative medicine uses only those treatments that have been proven to show positive healing potential.
Dr Louise Lindenberg runs an integrative medical practice in Durbanville, Cape Town. She incorporates dietary intervention, supplementation, nutrition, phytotherapy/herbal medicine, and allopathic medicine in a holistic health care environment.


text:
Q: Is AUGraph being deprecated on iOS? If so, when? I've heard rumblings that AUGraph is being deprecated on iOS, for example in this Twitter post:

@marcoarment Your comment on @atpfm about needing to rewrite your audio engine: b/c of the looming AUGraph deprecation, or something else?

Is AUGraph in fact being deprecated, and if so, when? Can somebody point me toward an official Apple document or announcement that clarifies this?

A: Indeed it will be deprecated as stated in the WWDC talk

(Note: The picture is from the core audio mailing list)


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Home Essays Drawing on what you have...
Drawing on what you have learned about City Road from the Making Social Lives DVD and Learning Companion 1, outline some of the inequalities on a street which you know.
Topics: Traffic, Street, Difference Pages: 2 (758 words) Published: August 31, 2014
According to Blakely et al. (2009), 'inequality' refers to the unequal distribution of valued social resources within a society or between societies. It Is useful to make a distinction between inequalities and differences. A good example are shops; different kinds of shops appeal to different kind of people with different background. Also, inequalities can be seen when talking about time, access to place and mobility - a person with a wheelchair will not be equal to a person without a disability when, for example, the lift is broken and they should take the stairs. By looking at a street in different ways a lot of differences and inequalities can be seen.
When seeing a street daily, it becomes familiar to us but there are many things that are left unnoticed. For the purposes of this essay we are going to look at Wimborne Road in Bournemouth - the longest street in the South West of England. A street with long history, many changes that have taken place, a large diversity of people and buildings. Wimborne Road connects the main neighborhoods in Bournemouth. It has its similarities and differences in economic and social aspects to City Road.
When you walk on Wimborne Road, you can easily notice the many charity shops and shops for people with lower income around the street. There are a few reasons for this. Firstly, this neighborhood is mostly populated by students and people with average incomes, who prefer to buy lower price things - food, clothes, furniture. For a student, life in the UK is not cheap, especially when the person is paying for their tuition and not using a student loan. In this case the charity shops can be of a help him or her. Moreover, because most of the students move from one house to another every year, there are always stuff that are just taking space and need to be get rid of. So, instead of throwing away still useful things, one can donate them to the charity shops and help someone else. This is a clear example of the...
Drawing on What You Have Learned About City Road from the Making Social Lives Dvd and Learning Companion 1, Describe Some of the Ways in...
...Drawing on what you have learned about City Road from the Making Social Lives DVD and Learning Companion 1, describe some of the ways in which order is made and repaired on the street which you know. The purpose of this assignment is to compare and contrast the social order of City Road with a local road to demonstrate how order is made and is continually repaired over time. Abington Street, has changed considerably over the past 50 years, from a quiet street of individually owned shops such as, Halford Jewellers, Benefit footwear, and only one a big convenience store. Today, you will find fewer individually owned and many more big name high street shops, such as Primark and Tesco Express. Firstly, I will compare Abington Street, and how it has changed to City Road. Abington Street used to be the main thoroughfare to the town centre, with a tram running down the centre of the street creating "invisible order", nowadays the street remains invisibly ordered but is...
Drawing on What You Have Learned About City Road, Outline Some of the Inequalities on a Street That You Know. Essay
...Drawing on what you have learned about City Road, outline some of the inequalities on a street that you know. On every road and street throughout Britain, inequalities can be found; these often lead to unequal opportunities for different individuals in any defined group or groups as a whole in society. One Lane in Chippenham demonstrates this quite well, outwardly and deceptively, it appears to be fairly typical of all the other streets in the central area. However, when looked at more closely there is evidence of inequalities. As larger multi-national chains open up on or just off the Lane, the smaller independent shops are closing. A number of these little shops are reopening as 'designer' or 'niche' speciality shops catering for a select portion of the community only, others are re-opening as fast food outlets, but many remain closed and boarded up. There are indications that these changes are affecting the way people shop, as over time the number of people using the independent shops can been seen to reduce, whereas those going into the superstores can be seen to increase. Stock level and choice available in the independent stores are dropping, as owners reduce non essential items to maintain a...
Drawing on What You Have Learned About City Road, Outline Some of the Inequalities on a Street That You Know Essay
...Drawing on what you have learned about City Road, outline some of the inequalities on a street that you Know Using what I have learned in my study materials, I will compare Green Lanes to City Road, Cardiff for either their similarities or differences relating to Inequalities. Green Lanes is rich in the multicultural area and is home to many diverse communities and retail businesses similar to City Road. One of the visible inequality on Green Lanes is the traffic infrastructure. It's a constant tension and imbalance of social order to meet the needs of both motorists and pedestrians. The numerous controlled crossings, although help pedestrians access their destination, in turn has an adverse effect for motorists accumulating traffic and increases social disorder between motorists and pedestrians as they fight for space among the road. Contrasting in comparison is that City Road has developed a better infrastructure for meeting the demands of both the motorists and pedestrians within the community. The most visible being the...
...Drawing on what you have learned about City Road from the Making Social Lives DVD and Learning Companion 1, describe some of the ways in which order is made and repaired on a street which you know. In this essay, I will discuss how social order is made and repaired. I will be comparing St Helens Street, Ipswich to City Road. There is a mixture of shops, restaurants and other businesses on the street, as well as housing. This road is used by people of all different ages and ethnicities. It is a very busy one way street, that leads you to the main town centre. I will be looking at the social order is made through the street environment and how is it repaired by the police. Social order is all about how people behave in society. It is needed in order for society to function properly. 'Making' refers to the activities that people take part in and the relationship they have with other people and objects. An example of this is shown on City Road,...
'in Light of What You Have Learned About City Road, Describe Some of the Inequalities on a Street Which You Know. Essay
...'In light of what you have learned about City Road, describe some of the inequalities on a street which you know. ' 750 words Inequalities or differences in the streets of the UK are looked in many different aspects; differences among people are looked through our social lives and through our material differences. These can include what people find valuable, what similarities they might have and what things are distributed between people. We start to categorise people and we label them according to what we see and what we hear through other people. Inequalities in our society today are about gender; age; ethnicity; class; disability; race and nationality. I also like many others believe that my street is unique and uncommon; this is a perception derived from my daily personal experience over many years. Nevertheless, when we observe most of the things such as different activities, the use of street space, we can begin to recognise a pattern of occurrences that will be found on any street in the UK. On Falcon Road like City...
Drawing on what you have learned from the Making Social Lives DVD and Learning Companion 1, describe some inequalities on City Road. Essay
...From the materials I have studied I will describe some inequalities and differences highlighted on City Road. The definition of 'inequality' with reference to the social sciences is 'the unequal distribution of valued social resources within a society or between societies.' My own understanding of this is that different people can have more or less access to social resources than others. This access can be due to factors such as money, age and gender. The first example I will look at is the Mackintosh Centre, which shows how a sense of inequality in society can be produced through perception. The Mackintosh centre is a large sports club during the week and at the weekends it is transformed into a market which appeals to a wide range of people. John Cooksley, the head coach at the centre, talks about how the majority of the sports clubs members are from outside the local area, 'the people that I'm getting now aren't actually around from this area, their actually coming in from different places.' The lack of local people attending the club and the appearance of the club being secluded and 'gated off', although it is not deliberately excluding locals, creates an assumption that it is private, that they are excluded and not...
In Light of What You Have Learned About City Road, Describe Some of the Inequalities on a Street Which You Know. Essay
...In light of what you have learned about city road, describe some of the inequalities on a street which you know. When I began this course I always took for granted that inequalities were obvious things, but the more I learned on the subject and the further through the material I got I discovered inequalities can come in all shapes and sizes , obvious or inconspicuous and can affect all people differently. Through this paper I will first look at similar inequalities between 'City Road' and a street I know well, the street which I will use is Ballygall Road east Finglas Dublin 11, I will then look at some inequalities that seem unique to my street and why they are unique. The two main shared inequalities between Ballygall Road and City Road are private clubs and homelessness. In the very first film 'the street' we are shown a tennis club that because of its high walls and closed off areas gives people the assumption that it is a private club and would be unable to use its facilities .Although that is just an assumption in...
With Reference to What You Have Learnt About City Road, Outline Some of the Differences Across Time and Space on a Street That You Know....
...TMA01 With reference to what you have learnt about City Road, outline some of the differences across time and space on a street that you know. With reference to the materials I have studied, I am going to compare the similarities and differences between City Road and Spring Bank, Hull. Spring Bank is a street full of different identities and has many uses from different transport, people and shops to the night time life that's around. Spring Bank in Hull, is a street of very familiar activities to those on City Road. Spring Bank is a street full of connections mainly this is of an ethnic background, where people have come here from other countries. There are clusters of foreign shops, takeaways and restaurants, and most of the ethnic people live off the streets of Spring Bank whether in houses, flats or lodging, this shows that these people are comfortable and feel safe within their own social community and they all have a separate identity from their use of language to the way they look. Many English people do not feel that they belong on this street due to the dominant...
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