text:
Shape and motion from image streams under orthography: a factorization method
by Carlo Tomasi, Takeo Kanade - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER VISION , 1992
"... Inferring scene geometry and camera motion from a stream of images is possible in principle, but is an ill-conditioned problem when the objects are distant with respect to their size. We have developed a factorization method that can overcome this difficulty by recovering shape and motion under orth ..."
Inferring scene geometry and camera motion from a stream of images is possible in principle, but is an ill-conditioned problem when the objects are distant with respect to their size. We have developed a factorization method that can overcome this difficulty by recovering shape and motion under
Detection and Tracking of Point Features
"... The factorization method described in this series of reports requires an algorithm to track the motion of features in an image stream. Given the small inter-frame displacement made possible by the factorization approach, the best tracking method turns out to be the one proposed by Lucas and Kanade i ..."
The factorization method described in this series of reports requires an algorithm to track the motion of features in an image stream. Given the small inter-frame displacement made possible by the factorization approach, the best tracking method turns out to be the one proposed by Lucas and Kanade
CONDENSATION -- conditional density propagation for visual tracking
by Michael Isard, Andrew Blake , 1998
"... The problem of tracking curves in dense visual clutter is challenging. Kalman filtering is inadequate because it is based on Gaussian densities which, being unimodal, cannot represent simultaneous alternative hypotheses. The Condensation algorithm uses "factored sampling", previously applied to th ..."
to the interpretation of static images, in which the probability distribution of possible interpretations is represented by a randomly generated set. Condensation uses learned dynamical models, together with visual observations, to propagate the random set over time. The result is highly robust tracking of agile motion
What energy functions can be minimized via graph cuts?
by Vladimir Kolmogorov, Ramin Zabih - IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE , 2004
"... In the last few years, several new algorithms based on graph cuts have been developed to solve energy minimization problems in computer vision. Each of these techniques constructs a graph such that the minimum cut on the graph also minimizes the energy. Yet, because these graph constructions are co ..."
many previous constructions and is easily applicable to vision problems that involve large numbers of labels, such as stereo, motion, image restoration, and scene reconstruction. We give a precise characterization of what energy functions can be minimized using graph cuts, among the energy functions
Comparing Images Using the Hausdorff Distance
by Daniel P. Huttenlocher, Gregory A. Klanderman, William J. Rucklidge - IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE , 1993
"... The Hausdorff distance measures the extent to which each point of a `model' set lies near some point of an `image' set and vice versa. Thus this distance can be used to determine the degree of resemblance between two objects that are superimposed on one another. In this paper we provide ef ..."
efficient algorithms for computing the Hausdorff distance between all possible relative positions of a binary image and a model. We focus primarily on the case in which the model is only allowed to translate with respect to the image. Then we consider how to extend the techniques to rigid motion
An Efficient Solution to the Five-Point Relative Pose Problem
by David Nister , 2004
"... An efficient algorithmic solution to the classical five-point relative pose problem is presented. The problem is to find the possible solutions for relative camera pose between two calibrated views given five corresponding points. The algorithm consists of computing the coefficients of a tenth degre ..."
An efficient algorithmic solution to the classical five-point relative pose problem is presented. The problem is to find the possible solutions for relative camera pose between two calibrated views given five corresponding points. The algorithm consists of computing the coefficients of a tenth
A survey on visual surveillance of object motion and behaviors
by Weiming Hu, Tieniu Tan, Liang Wang, Steve Maybank - IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics , 2004
"... Abstract—Visual surveillance in dynamic scenes, especially for humans and vehicles, is currently one of the most active research topics in computer vision. It has a wide spectrum of promising applications, including access control in special areas, human identification at a distance, crowd flux stat ..."
statistics and congestion analysis, detection of anomalous behaviors, and interactive surveillance using multiple cameras, etc. In general, the processing framework of visual surveillance in dynamic scenes includes the following stages: modeling of environments, detection of motion, classification of moving
Labeled Faces in the Wild: A Database for Studying Face Recognition in Unconstrained Environments
by Gary B. Huang, Manu Ramesh, Tamara Berg, Erik Learned-Miller
"... Face recognition has benefitted greatly from the many databases that have been produced to study it. Most of these databases have been created under controlled conditions to facilitate the study of specific parameters on the face recognition problem. These parameters include such variables as posi ..."
. The database exhibits "natural " variability in pose, lighting, focus, resolution, facial expression, age, gender, race, accessories, make-up, occlusions, background, and photographic quality. Despite this variability, the images in the database are presented in a simple and consistent format for maximum ease
Robot Motion Planning: A Distributed Representation Approach
by Jérôme Barraquand, Jean-Claude Latombe , 1991
"... We propose a new approach to robot path planning that consists of building and searching a graph connecting the local minima of a potential function defined over the robot's configuration space. A planner based on this approach has been implemented. This planner is considerably faster than previous ..."
of these techniques is a Monte Carlo technique that escapes local minima by executing Brownian motions. The overall approach is made possible by the systematic use of distributed representations (bitmaps) for the robot's work space and configuration space. We have experimented with the planner using several computer
Practical animation of liquids
by Nick Foster, Dimitri Metaxas - Graphical Models and Image Processing , 1996
"... We present a comprehensive methodology for realistically animating liquid phenomena. Our approach unifies existing computer graphics techniques for simulating fluids and extends them by incorporating more complex behavior. It is based on the Navier-Stokes equations which couple momentum and mass con ..."
conservation to completely describe fluid motion. Our starting point is an environment containing an arbitrary distribution of fluid, and submerged or semi-submerged obstacles. Velocity and pressure are defined everywhere within this environment, and updated using a set of finite difference expressions


text:
Q: Python - Finding unicode/ascii problems I am csv.reader to pull in info from a very long sheet. I am doing work on that data set and then I am using the xlwt package to give me a workable excel file.
However, I get this error:

UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0x92 in position 34: ordinal not in range(128)

My question to you all is, how can I find exactly where that error is in my data set? Also, is there some code that I can write which will look through my data set and find out where the issues lie (because some data sets run without the above error and others have problems)?

A: The answer is quite simple actually : As soon as you read your data from your file, convert it to unicode using the encoding of your file, and handle the UnicodeDecodeError exception :
try:
        # decode using utf-8 (use ascii if you want)
        unicode_data = str_data.decode("utf-8")
except UnicodeDecodeError, e:
        print "The error is there !"

this will save you from many troubles; you won't have to worry about multibyte character encoding, and external libraries (including xlwt) will just do The Right Thing if they need to write it.
Python 3.0 will make it mandatory to specify the encoding of a string, so it's a good idea to do it now.

A: The csv module doesn't support unicode and null characters. You might be able to replace them by doing something like this though (Replace 'utf-8' with the encoding which your CSV data is encoded in):
import codecs
import csv

class AsciiFile:
    def __init__(self, path):
        self.f = codecs.open(path, 'rb', 'utf-8')

    def close(self):
        self.f.close()

    def __iter__(self):
        for line in self.f:
            # 'replace' for unicode characters -> ?, 'ignore' to ignore them
            y = line.encode('ascii', 'replace')
            y = y.replace('\0', '?') # Can't handle null characters!
            yield y

f = AsciiFile(PATH)
r = csv.reader(f)
...
f.close()

If you want to find the positions of the characters which you can't be handled by the CSV module, you could do e.g:
import codecs

lineno = 0
f = codecs.open(PATH, 'rb', 'utf-8')
for line in f:
    for x, c in enumerate(line):
        if not c.encode('ascii', 'ignore') or c == '\0':
            print "Character ordinal %s line %s character %s is unicode or null!" % (ord(c), lineno, x)
    lineno += 1
f.close()

Alternatively again, you could use this CSV opener which I wrote which can handle Unicode characters:
import codecs

def OpenCSV(Path, Encoding, Delims, StartAtRow, Qualifier, Errors):
    infile = codecs.open(Path, "rb", Encoding, errors=Errors)
    for Line in infile:
        Line = Line.strip('\r\n')
        if (StartAtRow - 1) and StartAtRow > 0: StartAtRow -= 1
        elif Qualifier != '(None)':
            # Take a note of the chars 'before' just
            # in case of excel-style """ quoting.
            cB41 = ''; cB42 = ''
            L = ['']
            qMode = False
            for c in Line:
                if c==Qualifier and c==cB41==cB42 and qMode:
                    # Triple qualifiers, so allow it with one
                    L[-1] = L[-1][:-2]
                    L[-1] += c
                elif c==Qualifier:
                    # A qualifier, so reverse qual mode
                    qMode = not qMode
                elif c in Delims and not qMode:
                    # Not in qual mode and delim
                    L.append('')
                else:
                    # Nothing to see here, move along
                    L[-1] += c
                cB42 = cB41
                cB41 = c
            yield L
        else:
            # There aren't any qualifiers.
            cB41 = ''; cB42 = ''
            L = ['']
            for c in Line:
                cB42 = cB41; cB41 = c
                if c in Delims:
                    # Delim
                    L.append('')
                else:
                    # Nothing to see here, move along
                    L[-1] += c
            yield L

for listItem in openCSV(PATH, Encoding='utf-8', Delims=[','], StartAtRow=0, Qualifier='"', Errors='replace')
    ...

A: You can refer to code snippets in the question below to get a csv reader with unicode encoding support:

*

*General Unicode/UTF-8 support for csv files in Python 2.6

A: PLEASE give the full traceback that you got along with the error message. When we know where you are getting the error (reading CSV file, "doing work on that data set", or in writing an XLS file using xlwt), then we can give a focused answer.
It is very possible that your input data is not all plain old ASCII. What produces it, and in what encoding?
To find where the problems (not necessarily errors) are, try a little script like this (untested):
import sys, glob
for pattern in sys.argv[1:]:
    for filepath in glob.glob(pattern):
        for linex, line in enumerate(open(filepath, 'r')):
            if any(c >= '\x80' for c in line):
                print "Non-ASCII in line %d of file %r" % (linex+1, filepath)
                print repr(line)

It would be useful if you showed some samples of the "bad" lines that you find, so that we can judge what the encoding might be.
I'm curious about using "csv.reader to pull in info from a very long sheet" -- what kind of "sheet"? Do you mean that you are saving an XLS file as CSV, then reading the CSV file? If so, you could use xlrd to read directly from the input XLS file, getting unicode text which you can give straight to xlwt, avoiding any encode/decode problems.
Have you worked through the tutorial from the python-excel.org site?

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*If for any reason you are not 100% satisfied with your purchase of CyberTeachers®, you may return it for a full refund within 30 days of the purchase date. To do so, please email customer service at eBerlitzSupport@berlitz.com.


Retractable Dog Leashes to make your friend is safe on their walk!
Modern Style Pet has a wide selection of Retractable Dog Leashes and Collars. Dogs are playful, fun loving creatures that tend to want to roam and wander on they're own. That is not always the safest way to keep you and your dog active when outdoors in open areas. We have large and small retractable dog leashes and collars that will help to control the pulling you sometimes get when out walking with your best pal. We have everything you need to be safe, while still being very stylish as well.
We have beautiful Executive retractable dog leashes that help to add that bling to your little princess. We also have plenty of Animal print retractable dog leashes that allow you to control how far your pets are from you. This will allow you to give your pet more freedom when it is safe. And in heaver traffic, shorten the retractable leash automatically to bring your loved one closer to you for their protection. Enjoy your shopping experience on Modern Style Pet and if we can help with any questions please feel free to contact us a contactus@modernstylepet.com.
Nandog Pet Gear's retractable leash collections offer a fusion of fashion and function for dog..


When we look at a vehicle being a car, a motor bike, they have wheels. Typically these vehicles have a suspension but even if they don't have visually they will have some sort of elastic support and dampening effects even if coming from the structure.
My vespa suspension performance is very bad, I really need to fix it. If I ride the bike with a second occupant the suspension gets fully loaded.
Going back to my school memories what concept simplifications would represent a wheel system?
Independent of the structures boundary conditions, shape… stresses tend to be smooth when the structure is subjected to a specific load, considering also there are no stress concentration zones. The sun bench structure works no differently. An interesting point is that the angled leg is weaker compared to the vertical part of the leg.
This work was done in FreeCAD from the geometry design to the FEM setup. Material data used was a simple isotropic ABS from FreeCAD database. The load considered was for a 100Kg load. Supports used were fixation lines at the profile bottom borders.
Finally I get to see if FreeCAD is of any use.
First off all I have a Brompton! I am one happy user.
Our hands are positioned on the blue top zone and the handlebar is fixed on the blue bottom element.
I considered lower force justo to get an ideia, many direction could have been studied.
Then I selected my simulation package which in this case I opted for FreeCAD. And started meshing wright a way with Gmsh.
And now finally I got to the results part.
From the image it seems that the lower elbow until the fixed support will take much of the stress. The bar height being bigger will increase torque which will increase the reaction force at the supports. Reducing the central bar between the lower and top elbow will increase handlebar strength. The only thing I can see that made them go for the previous geometry for the bellow 2017 model is design or manufacturing technical difficulties. Maybe it is harder to bend the single shaft with such low central support at each handlebar side.
FreeCAD works as expected… Good work open source comunity!


2015 BamX BX50-DB Pee Wee. Picture credits - BamX. Submit more pictures.
This vehicle is particularly off-road that is built for cross country. The four stroke engine is smaller version of a car engine in which the gas is ignited and the oil can be reused again. It provides the economy of the gasoline consumption. It is specifically designed for racing and recreation at the same time.
Ask questions Join the 15 BamX BX50-DB Pee Wee discussion group or the general BamX discussion group.
Bikez.com has a discussion group for every motorcycle. Here you may find answers to common questions about the model. If you do not find what you are looking for, you can ask questions. Try out the 2015 BamX BX50-DB Pee Wee discussion forum. You can sign up for e-mail notifications when other users answer you.	If you have information about any technical issue related to this motorcycle, please leave a comment for other riders.


Find more results for REGIOSKOP Z. S.P.O.
Search For "Financial" Companies in CESKE BUDEJOVICE 1, Czech Republic - Click Here Now!
REGIOSKOP Z. S.P.O. in CESKE BUDEJOVICE 1 is a company that specializes in Educational, Religious And Charitable Trusts. Our records show it was established in Czech Republic.


text:
CelebrityTV Shows
Gabrielle Union Shares Touching Photo with Husband Dwyane Wade Amid AGT Exit Drama
By Aby Rivas
https://news.amomama.com/183640-gabrielle-union-shares-touching-photo-hu.html
Gabrielle Union is still reeling from her controverted exit from "America's Got Talent," and she's finding comfort in her husband Dwyane Wade's arms, right after the former NBA star took to social media to voice his opinion on the situation.
It's been a few weeks since NBC announced that Gabrielle Union and Julianne Hough would not be returning as judges of "America's Got Talent" after only one season in the show.
Gabrielle Union & Dwyane Wade hugging outside Hermes during Paris Fashion Week on June 24, 2017 in France | Photo: Getty Images
And although Hough's exit was said to be amicable, Union's departure has been the total opposite, and now the actress is involved in a controversy with the network.
HER PEACE AMID THE STORM
Union hasn't addressed the situation directly but has made it clear she's aware of the scandal with her posts on social media.
On Friday, for example, she took to Instagram right after making a Thanksgiving post to share a photo alongside her husband, Dwyane Wade.
In the pic, she's resting against Wade's chest with her eyes closed, while the former NBA star kissed her forehead.
"Lord, you KNOW I'm tryin... whew and breathe. Support is everything. @dwyanewade," she captioned the lovely post, adding on her location tag "My Place of Peace."
WORDS OF SUPPORT
Celebrities and fans alike took over the comment section to give Union their support. Lala Anthony, Teyana Taylor, Tia Mowry, Meagan Good, Tina Lawson, among others, gave Union words of encouragement.
Meagan Good, Tia Mowry and Tina Lawson comments on Gabby's post | Source: instagram/gabunion
Gabby's post comes just a few days after Dwyane took to Twitter to offer his two cents on why his wife was fired from the reality talent show.
"Men lie, Women lie, numbers don't," Wade started his tweets, adding that in the past year, many people approached him to say Union was the reason they watched Season 14 of "AGT."
"So when I got the news that my wife was being fired—my first question was obviously why!?" Wade continued. "I am still waiting on a good answer to that question. But if anyone knows @itsgabrielleu or have heard of her, you know she's an advocate for our community and culture."
He continued by praising his wife for choosing to stand for her beliefs and not losing sight of what they're teaching to their 1-year-old daughter, Kaavia James.
THE ALLEGED REASONS
It has been reported by several news outlets like Variety and Vulture, that the reason behind Union's exit from "AGT" was that she was labeled as "difficult" after complaining, on several occasions, about the toxic work environment at the show.
The "L.A Finest" star reportedly shared her concerns with producers about different instances where racist remarks were made and even stood up against Simon Cowell's habit of smoking indoors.
Among some of the situations that caused friction between Union and the producers, there was one occasion where guest judge Jay Leno made an insensitive joke that perpetuated the stereotype about Asians eating dog meat.
She wanted the producers to take the complaint to NBC's human resources department, and although the comment was edited of the transmission, it never reached the higher-ups either.
Instagram/gabunion
'AGT' Judge Gabrielle Union & Dwyane Wade Pose in a Pool in Celebration of Their 5th Anniversary
Getty Images.
Gabrielle Union of 'Bring It on' & Dwyane Wade Share Adorable Pics of Daughter Kaavia on Her 1st Birthday
AGT Judge Gabrielle Union Wears Strapless Gown with Dwyane Wade's Face All over It for Live Shows
She was also allegedly told that a black 10-year-old rapper was going to be eliminated because they needed an act "that America can get behind."
And according to other reports, Union also received notes for her ever-changing hairstyles, as production sought continuity for the sake fo its viewers.
NBC released a statement last week denying all claims and stating that "AGT" has a history of inclusivity and diversity, and that they are constantly rotating the judging and host line-up to refresh the show.
After Two Years, Daughter Meets Estranged Dad in a Café and His Mistress Unexpectedly Arrives
Grieving Parents Preparing for Son's Funeral Find Harrowing Note He Left Them in the Living Room

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


And it's true! Though it is a challenge, I love that personal financial investment is a large portion of our financial engine, both for Ember, and for our staff. In 2012 God invited Becky and me to begin a journey of leaning into him in an uncomfortable way — classic. As I left my job in business and walked into the wild world of ministry and the prayer room, I saw that I needed him and that I needed people. It's not that we didn't lean into him before and it's not that we didn't need people before, but this felt like fresh perspective.
I think what actually happened when we decided —or let's be real, when God decided— that our financial way forward would come through the financial investment of individuals, we came face-to-face with our lack of control. In business, I can generate revenue by working harder to sell a product or by creating new products or services. If I desire to teach in academia, I have a clear track to run on; I get an education, I receive credentials, and I find a job working in an institution that fits those credentials. If I am a doctor, I've gone to school for quite some time and followed a clear path for how to be successful and how to gain my needed financial engine and launch into my career. Amidst the system and structures that have been created, it can become easy to think that we make or break our success by how hard we work and how committed we are to the process.
But really, in any vocational path, we are never in control and finances are never absolute, no matter how hedged in we might feel by external circumstances. And as I walked into vocational ministry, I found myself grasping for a guardrail. And I didn't find one. And this was God's intention.
Oh yeah… This sense of security I have felt in other jobs, is actually fantasy. I think the same realization could as easily happen for someone who is suddenly laid off from their job or when the market is down or when state/federal funding ebbs and flows. We are not in control. There is no guardrail. There is no security in wealth. True security is found in God, the one who says, I will never leave you or forsake you. It is a fantastic filter for, where your treasure is, there your heart will be also (Matthew 6).
The other aspect of individual financial investment that I really love is that of connectedness and multiplication. If in 2012, I was presented a salary from Norman Community Church that I would receive every month to build a culture of worship and prayer, no one outside of the community would have ever heard from me again. I would have quietly and purposefully given myself to the small context in which I had been given. But raising funding through sharing my vision with others automatically blasted me outside of my small little world and necessitated that I share my story on a greater scale. Both in an initial way and in an ongoing way.
God designed us to need oneanother. Our creator set up the system so that there would be one body but many parts(paraphrase 1 Corinthians 12). When thanking him for contributing to our ministry, a good friend of mine, on several occasions has bluntly stated, "Well, I can't even comprehend how you can pick up a guitar and actually make music with it. It's incredible. Of course I want to invest in what you do, because it allows me to participate with you." Something that comes as second nature to me seems like such a far reach for another. And likewise, something in which I could never dream of excelling, is the most natural and life-giving vocational response to another.
Every human being was created to give God glory in a very specific and unique way. How incredible it is to be part of this orchestra that stretches the expanse of heaven and earth. The earth, trees, mountains, planets, stars all give glory to God. The heavenly beings and angels also give him glory continually. What an honor it is to be part of his body, a specific expression of himself, designed with the primary purpose of giving him glory.
As we reach out to bless another's role in this process, we move from handing God our own unique gift and we delve deeper into our personal kingdom investment through another individual, extending their reach, overlapping and multiplying the enabled continual glory of God. How beautiful.


text:
Greg Wrubell is a sports broadcaster based out of Cedar Hills, Utah. He is a commentator for college sports, including football, men's basketball, and women's soccer for Brigham Young University's (BYU) Sports Network and was the television voice for Utah Royals FC matches on KMYU their first season. He is also the Director of Broadcast Media at BYU.

Early life
Wrubell was born and raised in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, where he developed an early love for hockey. He excelled at education and was allowed to skip first grade. He attended high school at Lord Beaverbrook High School. Despite his love of sports, Wrubell found he was not a very good player. Instead he attended choir, drama, and public speaking competitions.

Wrubell's father, Allan, sparked his interest in sports. Allan was the local public address announcer for the Saskatoon Blades. As a result Greg decided to pursue sports broadcasting in college. Greg applied to many schools and eventually chose BYU. Greg attended BYU and was quickly swept up in the school's national championship run. His first exposure to football occurred on his first day of school in 1984, when he watched BYU play at Pitt in BYU's Cougar Stadium. After seeing that action Greg knew he had found his calling and applied for a job at KBYU. They sent him to work covering the fencing team.

Broadcasting career
After serving two years as a missionary of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Brazil, Wrubell returned to BYU in 1987 and met his future wife, Tauna Fehrner, and began an internship at KSL. At the end of the summer, the two married and Wrubell parlayed his internship into weekend work where he became co-host of the KSL weekend sports talk show with Chris Tunis. Wrubell would remain at BYU until 1990 when he graduated with a degree in communications.

In 1992, Paul James invited Wrubell to join the BYU Cougars football radio team. Wrubell served as the sideline reporter for football and men's basketball. A heart attack led to James missing a few basketball games during the 1996-97 season, allowing Wrubell to move from the sidelines to play-by-play. Wrubell would become the full-time play-by-play voice for men's basketball during the 1997-98 season and then for football in 2001.

Wrubell gained nationwide exposure when he made the only national radio commentary of the 2014 Miami Beach Bowl, including the infamous brawl between BYU and Memphis. He followed that up by being featured nationally on ESPN's SportsCenter and IMG College's best of the week during weeks one and two of the 2015 BYU Cougars football season, following Tanner Mangum's hail-mary victories over Nebraska and Boise State.

In 2016, Wrubell left KSL where he had been a producer, reporter, host, and announcer and became the BYU Director of Broadcast Media. In 2018, Wrubell was hired as the first television broadcaster for Utah Royals FC.

Personal life
Greg and Tauna Wrubell live in Cedar Hills, Utah and are the parents of four children. One of their children, Regan, has autism, so Wrubell has participated in many autism-related benefit events. Wrubell testified before the Utah Legislature for autism funding and solicited corporate sponsors to donate to autism-related causes. He has also acted as emcee for benefit auctions for those with autism and at a few BYU award shows.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American sports announcers
Brigham Young University alumni
BYU Cougars football announcers
College basketball announcers in the United States
Brigham Young University staff
College football announcers

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Is there a full reference or documentation for the Quandl Python library?
The official documentation for Quandl's Python package can be found here. The package can be used to interact with the latest version of the Quandl RESTful API. This package is compatible with Python v2.7.x and v3.x+.


text:
The next player that I collect that came up on the randomizer is Josh Gibson. I love it every time I can get my hands on a card of a Negro Leaguer simply because they are so few and far between. Gibson was one of their biggest stars and I believe he would have given Ruth's records a run for their money had he been allowed to play in the Major Leagues. Legend has it that Gibson hit more than 800 home runs but you have to be cognizant of the fact that Josh played a lot of his games barnstorming against local fire departments and other pick-up teams. Stats are incomplete but he played sixteen-years with the Pittsburgh Crawfords and the Homestead Grays and according to my research, he led his league in home runs 11 times (!), was a 13-time All-star and a 5-time MVP. All of that before his untimely death at the age of 35. Josh was the second Negro Leaguer inducted into the Hall of Fame after Satchel Paige. I currently have 145 different Beckett recognized cards of Mr. Gibson. Here are nine from my collection.

1990 Negro League Stars #2 Josh Gibson
2001 Fleer Tradition Stitches in Time #ST9 Josh Gibson
2003 SP Legendary Cuts #70 Josh Gibson/1299
2003 SP Legendary Cuts Etched in Time 175 #JG Josh Gibson
2004 Topps Tribute HOF #27 Josh Gibson
2005 Bowman Sterling #JGI Josh Gibson Seat C (This card contains a slice of a seat from Forbes Field in Pittsburgh.)
2005 Topps Turkey Red White #306 Josh Gibson RET
2013 Sportkings #273 Josh Gibson
2014 Panini Hall of Fame Crusades Purple #42 Josh Gibson


text:
Demonstration Problem 2-2 Effect of Cost Structure (3 pts.) My Company / Your Company My Company and
Demonstration Problem 2-2 Effect of Cost Structure (3 pts.)
My Company / Your Company
My Company and Your Company provide rafting tours on Big Bear River. My Company pays tour guides fixed salaries. It budgets salaries expense at $160,000 per year. Your Company pays tour guides $40 per rafter served. Rafters are charged $50 per tour. Both companies expect to carry approximately 4,000 rafters during the year.
a. Prepare budgeted annual income statements for the two companies.
b. In an effort to lure rafters away from Your Company, My Company lowers the price per rafter to $39. Prepare revised income statements for both companies. Assume that My Company serves 6,000 rafters who each pay $39 per tour, while Your Company serves only 2,000 rafters who pay $50 per tour.
d. Suppose Your Company matches the $39 price set by My Company. Prepare income statements for both companies assuming that each company serves 4,000 customers.
Demonstration Problem 2-2 Work Papers
a. My
Company Your
Number of Rafters
Cost of Guides My Company
Cost of Guides Your Company
b. My
Number of Rafters (a)
Revenue My Company
Revenue Your Company
d. My
Demonstration Problem 2-3 Effect of Operating Leverage (2 pts.)
Sharon Virgil owns a delivery service company. She charges customers $10 per delivery. The companyA????1s variable expenses average $2 per delivery and fixed costs are $600 per month. Ms. Virgil provided 100 deliveries during the most recent month.
a. Prepare an income statement using a contribution margin format.
b. Determine the magnitude of operating leverage. Use your answer to determine the percentage change in net income if sales increase by 10%.
c. Assume that sales increase by 10% (deliveries increase to 110). Prepare a contribution margin format income statement assuming 110 deliveries. Calculate the percentage change in net income and compare your answer with your solution to part b.
Income Statement Using a Contribution Margin Format, Volume of 100 Deliveries
Variable Expenses
Contribution Margin
Magnitude of Operating Leverage = Contribution Margin A????1 Net Income:
$________ A????1 $_________ = ___ times.
Therefore, a 10% increase in sales will produce a _________ increase in net income. Similarly, a 10% decrease in sales will produce a __________ decrease in net income.
(Alternative Net Income – Base Net Income) A????1 Base:
($______ – $______) A????1 $______ = _____%
Demonstration Problem 3-1 Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis (10)
Jeff Jamail is evaluating a business opportunity to sell cookware at trade shows. Mr. Jamail can buy the cookware at a wholesale cost of $210 per set. He plans to sell the cookware for $350 per set. He estimates fixed costs such as plane fare, booth rental cost, and lodging to be $5,600 per trade show.
a. Determine the number of cookware sets Mr. Jamail must sell at a trade show to break even (zero profit or loss). Use the following structure to answer this question:
(1) Contribution Margin Per Unit Approach:
a. Determine the amount of the contribution margin per unit.
b. Explain that when the total contribution margin is sufficient to pay for the fixed cost, Mr. Jamail will break even. Show the computation of break-even in units.
c. Show how to compute the break-even point in number of dollars using the break-even point in units and the selling price.
d. Confirm the results by preparing an income statement.
(1) Contribution Margin Per Unit Approach
(a) Determine the contribution margin per unit.
Per Unit Contribution Margin
(b) When the total contribution margin is sufficient to pay for the fixed costs, Mr. Jamail will break even. The number of units required to break even can be computed as follows:
Formula for Computation of Break-Even Point in Units
(c) The break-even point in number of dollars can be computed as follows:
Break-Even Point in Sales Dollars
Sales Price Per Unit
(d) Confirm the results by preparing an income statement.
(2) Contribution Margin Ratio Approach.
a. Calculate the contribution margin ratio.
b. Use the ratio to calculate the break-even point in sales dollars, then use the results and the selling price to calculate the break-even point in units.
(2) Contribution Margin Ratio Approach
(a) The contribution margin ratio is computed as follows.
Contribution Margin Ratio
(b) Using the contribution margin ratio, calculate the break-even point in sales dollars and units.
Break-Even
in Sales
Break-Even Point in Number of Units
in Units
(3) Equation Approach.
a. Calculate the break-even point in units.
b. Calculate the break-even point in sales dollars.
(3) Equation Approach
(a) Use the break-even equation and solve for number of units:
Break-Even Equation
(b) Compute the break-even point in dollars as in part a3 above:
b. Assume Mr. Jamail desires to earn a profit of $4,900 per show.
(1) Determine the sales volume in units (sets of cookware) necessary to earn the desired profit.
(2) Determine the sales volume in dollars necessary to earn the desired profit.
(3) Using the contribution margin format, prepare an income statement to confirm your answers to parts 1 and 2.
(1) Sales Volume Required to Earn a Desired Profit
Formula for Computation of Sales Volume Necessary to Earn a Target Profit of $4,900
(2) Determine the sales volume in dollars required to earn the desired profit.
Required Sales in Number of Dollars
(3) Confirm the answers by preparing an income statement.
Determine the margin of safety between the sales volume at the break-even point and the sales volume required to earn the desired profit.Determine the margin of safety both in sales dollars and as a percentage.
c. Margin of Safety
(1) Margin of Safety Expressed in Sales Dollars:
(2) Margin of Safety Expressed as a Percentage:
Margin of Safety Percentage
https://trustedpaperwriters.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/157544039158860773-300x54.png 0 0 Steve Kamau https://trustedpaperwriters.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/157544039158860773-300x54.png Steve Kamau2021-08-20 09:20:362021-08-20 09:20:36Demonstration Problem 2-2 Effect of Cost Structure (3 pts.) My Company / Your Company My Company and
SOC 112 Module Three Worksheet Guidelines and Rubric The purpose of this worksheet... A restaurant would like to keep count the frequencies of dishes that are ordered....


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text:
The Flash: All Star Team Up
by JRS
"So it's not a metahuman?"
"No, it's just another mad scientist."
The Bug-Eyed Bandit, Brie Larvin, appears and sets her sights on Mercury Labs - but this disappointing episode's strongest points are the characterization of Cisco Ramon and one or two high-tech effects on... robot bees. Meanwhile, Barry's become heavily paranoid, and is almost breaking down as he wonders who to trust.
The all-star team up in this show isn't so much the Flash and the Atom - although they work together. I think it's more the Flash and the police; the show opens with Joe laughing hysterically as they catch crook after confused crook. I loved the scene - it was hokey, but it was very much in the spirit of The Flash. After that, it went downhill. This was, depending on how you look at it, a very comic-bookey (complete with cheesy dialogue) episode about a woman controlling a swarm of bees which might appeal to the younger set if they hadn't seen the motivation and plot rehashed so many times already.
Or this was a great episode about the handsome Cisco Ramon flashing back somehow to another timeline and feeling the fist of Harrison Wells buried in his chest as he confesses he's the Reverse-Flash and how these flashbacks gave him fuel to trust Barry and Joe as they finally share their suspicions.
Or it's a really crappy episode about bad romance only lacking the presence of J-Lo. Seriously, I felt terrible for Ray Palmer and for Eddie Thawne. Ray should never have had his generous, over-the-top dinner disrupted like that, and Eddie didn't deserve to be constantly attacked.
I don't know. Iris sometimes rubs me as whiny and inconsistent, sometimes as very on target. I think I could "read" her attack on Eddie as basically a rebellion against a whole lotta secret-keeping going on, and we saw the same thing with Thea on Arrow. I was hoping she'd pull forward with her investigation of Mason Bridge, but she focused entirely on the emotional. In some ways, this character is written as almost a sexist stereotype. She "wants a career" but really what she does is be whiny in relationships. Is she even doing anything with her blog anymore?
Overall, this episode gave us three major changes and maybe one new plot moving-forward: Ray with new technology and a repaired suit, Barry getting Cisco and Caitlin on his side, a probable end-of-relationship for Eddie and Iris, and a confirmation for the Flash team that, yes, fifteen years ago, something serious changed for Harrison Wells. Are they finally on the trail of the real Eobard Thawne? By the end, everyone's on-board the Anti-Reverse-Flash team except for Iris and Wells, and Barry's learning to deal with his paranoia.
While I always love to see Felicity, this crossover really did feel less substantial. I'm hoping that bee proves important for Ray's future. If so, will this be the first time a hero has origin stories in two other series before starting his own?
There's an increase in crime, but also an increase in Flash working with the police, and no sign of the Rogues.
What happened to Barry's dad? Sometimes he's there. Sometimes we don't see him at all.
Barry: (after trussing up yet another bad guy) "Haven't you guys heard of me yet?"
Ray: "It's my suit. I can't get it up." Uh-huh.
Felicity: "Move over. Mama's been away from a keyboard too long."
Felicity: "It's like dating Barry in Oliver's body. Forget I said that."
I think this episode was highly enjoyable the first watch, but very superficial. There didn't seem to be a lot of meat to the crossover aspect, the villain was fairly cardboard, and the dialogue made my husband and I roll our eyes at each other. The writers tried to build up a pretty lame villain by setting her against Felicity Smoak, but she's definitely no nemesis for Our Lady of the Salmon Ladder.
Two out of four miniature robotobees.
The Flash season 1
The Flash home
Labels: :S1.E18, All Star Team Up, Joseph Santini, The Flash, The Flash reviews
The Iris stuff is getting old fast. On the one hand, she's not doing much to make me like her. On the other hand, the other characters could solve all their Iris problems by just TELLING her about Barry already. I mean, she's the only one of them who doesn't know, saying they're doing it to keep her safe just sounds so stupid at this point. To be fair, her judgment hasn't always been the best, so she very well might get herself in trouble if she knew. But they need to take that risk at this point and bring her into the circle. It's getting painful to watch them all dance around her. Plus, it's REALLY not fair to Eddie, and it's completely wrecking his relationship with Iris which is totally unfair to him. He didn't ask to be brought into this, after all. I wish he had more backbone and would stand up to both Barry & Joe. "You brought me into this, dammit. You are NOT going to ruin my relationship over this. We're telling her, and that's that! You want to keep her safe, then tell her what's really going on!" There, was that so hard?
While the episode overall was "meh", that opening scene with Barry, Eddie & Joe catching bad guys together was hands down one of the coolest & funniest things the show has done yet. More of that, please :)
Thursday, April 16, 2015 at 8:21:00 AM PDT
Korlis said...
"I think this episode was highly enjoyable the first watch, but very superficial." - I think you really nailed it. I thought this episode was hilarious, but also kind of terrible, and on reflection it's kind of strange that some big revelations (Cisco's memories, which I have no idea how they're going to explain) were mixed in with the cheesiest episode out of either Flash orArrow.
I did love the opening montage though. It totally worked, and seems like a logical conclusion of Barry working so closely with the police. Normal criminals aren't even a contest any more.
J.D. Balthazar said...
I don't like Iris and the incredibly irritating state of her character at the moment. If they actually put her and Barry together I might not like the show very much anymore.
The Bee stuff was silly, but not that bad. It was nice to see Emily Kinney playing someone else who isn't covered in grime and fear. The Bee's themselves were kinda neat and actually served a small purpose beyond the villain of the week.
What bothered me about the crossover was that Felicity didn't seem very... concerned. They cemented the chronology of the episode, then they didn't pay off any of the drama built up on the other show. I guess it isn't the job of the cross over episode to deal with the other series emotional struggles, but it would've been nice to have at least one line of Felicity confiding in Barry about her inner conflict.
As for the rest, I thought the action and comedy were a lot of fun. Cisco is really starting to become one of my favorites. And I'm actually dreading the idea of Caitlin becoming her comic book alter-ego.
Not a bad episode in my opinion, but it could've been better.
Jess Lynde said...
I agree with everyone that Iris and all the Iris plot shenanigans are the worst. The husband and I find ourselves actively rooting for her to die every episode, and that's a pretty bad sign that the writers have failed with the character. (I'm not kidding either: we actually converse during each episode about how she could maybe die "this week.") I feel just awful for Eddie, and the whole situation is making Barry and Joe look like completely hard-headed buffoons. Like J.D. said: if they actually put Barry and Iris together at this point I would not like it in the least.
Like JRS, I thought the best part of this one was Cisco remembering what previously happened with Wells, and the revelations to the whole team at the very end. Cisco's memories reminded me of "the palimpsest" approach the creative team took on Fringe, where the altered timeline doesn't completely overwrite the previous version history, but is merely "laid on top" of an incomplete erasure of the old version, thus leaving the potential for aspects of that history to resurface in memory depending on the "strength" or "power" of the previous events. It worked for me. (Although I hope that doesn't mean Iris will remember what happened between her and Barry in the face of the tsunami. Because I now loathe the whole notion of them as a couple.)
I really want Brie to join the Rogues, along with Capt. Boomerang.
ALL THE PUNS!
Thursday, April 16, 2015 at 11:08:00 AM PDT
Anon: I would totally be okay with this. Frankly I think she'd fit right in with Captain Cold, Heat Wave, and all their temperature based wordplay.
Thursday, April 16, 2015 at 1:29:00 PM PDT
sunbunny said...
The thing that totally ruined this episode for me was Joe and Eddie's argument about Iris. They both want to control her and are arguing about whose claim to control her takes precedence. Joe literally told Eddie that he will be able to overrule him and make decisions for Iris when he marries her. WHAT CENTURY ARE WE IN????
Jess, "we actually converse during each episode about how she could maybe die this week."
That comment was the best thing that came out of this episode:)
So, overall, this ep was rather meh.
Has everyone seen the CW's Superhero Fight Club?
Bwa ha ha!
Call me Turnipseedd
Elfie said...
This episode was very "meh", I didn't hate it, but I didn't love it either. Which is saying something because I was actually quite excited about Felicity being on this episode, especially when I saw all the gifs on Tumblr about it. Firstly, I'm glad the Arrow/Flash writers are utilizing these crossovers unlike other tv shows *cough* The Originals & TVD *cough*, but I was a little miffed about the placement of this one, with all that's going on back in Starling City, it struck me as a little contrived that Felicity randomly decided to pay Central City a visit, even if it was for her boyfriend's Atom issues. Secondly, the villain was just plain awful, they could've done something cool with her but she just came off as extremely hokey and lame. I know villains are a small part of the story, but if you're going to use a villain-of-the-week method, please, focus on bettering your villains. Lastly, Iris.
Why, oh, why does every amazing show that I like have to have that one absolutely pointless, terrible character that everyone loathes but the writers still love for some reason? NOBODY LIKES IRIS. There. I said it. Now please get rid of her. Send her backpacking to Europe. Have her jump off a building Sherlock-style, or just let that tsunami engulf her. I don't care. Just get rid of her. She comes off as immature, stupid, whiny and plain annoying, and Barry deserves a worthy love interest, someone we can root for, not a caricature like Iris, whose entire arc is simply flimsy. And honestly? For a journalist, she comes off as so beyond naive it's amazing. Not to mention the character is sexist, like all the men in her life get to keep her in the dark to "protect" her puny self and she buys all their stupid lies every single time and doesn't seem suspicious and doesn't go off on her own to find out what's really happening? Yeah, some journalist, and some woman. She's the typical Mary Sue who needs to be saved by the man in the red cape. PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE let them not get together.
Iris rant over.
Anyway, I love the direction they're taking Cisco in, he's great. "Bees. It had to be bees. Ain't nobody got time for that." Haha. I don't know about this show's comic book routes, but I don't mind Caitlyn temporarily going evil, her alter-ego would kick ass. Please give Caitlyn more to do. I love Caitlyn. And Snowbarry all the way, I want them to get together, honestly, Caitlyn is just a much better match for Barry than Iris.
Hoping the next episode is a step-up from this one. I'm done with my awfully long comment. xD
Thursday, April 16, 2015 at 11:40:00 PM PDT


On 3 July Southwark Diocesan Synod debated a motion on disinvestment from fossil fuels. You can find the paper introducing the motion HERE.
The link also contains the Order Paper with a proposed amendment. The amendment was carried by a small majority. The amended proposal was carried.


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text:
Bigotry, Cowardice and Selfishness: The Hallmarks of Contemporary Conservatism
We've known for some time that Dick Cheney is a pretty creepy guy. Today the New York Daily News reveals that Cheney will not give a speech unless all participants have been quarantined for at least two hours beforehand. Apparently, it doesn't matter that the speech is being given before a group of disabled war veterans, Cheney's fear of assassination prevails and the same quarantine directive is issued. Personally, I find this level of fear creepy in much the same way I find Michael Jackson's germ phobia creepy. But it is also distasteful that a man who urges savage, preemptive war on a host of non-belligerent countries and who is one of this nation's most high ranking proponents of interrogation under torture should take such extreme steps to guarantee his own personal safety. One of the great unnoticed hallmarks of the noe-conservative movement in this country is that it is largely built on cowardice. The notion that we must sacrifice our values, our personal freedoms and our nation's noblest traditions to ensure that no harm ever come to any American on the home-front is, in my view, a sign of simple cowardice. Ordinary citizens send other people's sons off to die for them, yet refuse to sacrifice even the slightest degree of personal security to ensure that our nation lives up to its promises of liberty and respect for the rights of man. Which brings me to:
Bigotry, Cowardice and Selfishness are the keystones of the modern conservative movenet.
Bigotry: because conservatives have a long history of demonizing minorities of all stripes (whether it be racial minorities, religious minorities or sexual minorities) to drive their supporters to the polls. Witness the host of voter initiatives aimed at enshrining discrimination against gays and lesbians in state constitutions during the last presidential cycle. And it's not as if there is anything underhanded in these tactics. Karl Rove brazenly announced that this was going to be the Republican strategy long before those elections took place.
Cowardice: because conservatives exploit their supporters' fears in order to consolidate power and undermine the guarantees of liberty that are enshrined in the U.S. constitution. Is there a man among their "base" who would sooner die on his feet than live on his knees? Doubtful.
Selfishness: because conservatives shower the top one percent with massive tax cuts by throwing a few bones off their banquet table for the peons to gnaw on. In the meantime the federal debt grows by shocking leaps and bounds. Has it ocurred to any of these people that their children will be left to clean up after the party? Do they even care? ...and don't get me started on the environment.
It's clear that Dick Cheney embodies all these qualities. The man who skipped serving his country in Vietnam because he had "other priorities," who has made millions for himself in corporate America while pushing for irresponsible tax cuts that would net him even more, the father of a lesbian child who stood firm with his party even as it demonized people like his daughter to stay in power is also the man who insists that disabled veterans be locked up in a room for two hours before he will deign to address them, as a precaution against potential threats to his personal safety.
Dick Cheney: he's the ugly face of the modern Republican perty.
Quote for the day.
Fox News Throws Ronald Reagan Under The Bus
Bigotry, Cowardice and Selfishness: The Hallmarks ...
McCain vs. the elitists...
A New Threat From Iran
Iranian Missiles


text:
Annika Schmidt ist der Name folgender Personen:

* Annika Schmidt (Fußballspielerin, 1980) (* 1980), deutsche Fußballspielerin
 Annika Schmidt (Fußballspielerin, 1993) (* 1993), deutsche Fußballspielerin


Paradise Garden is a place of tranquillity situated on Boracay Island, Philippines, famous for its stretches of powdered-white beaches and crystal clear waters. The German management committed to satisfying the needs of the discerning vacationer runs the Hotel. It is strategically place in a 10,000 square meter landscaped garden with fruitful tropical plants and trees, and two swimming pools. It prides itself on its exceptional standard of quality and service in a five-star setting, bringing you the holiday you long dreamed of - the vacation you deserve!
Paradise Garden Resort Hotel has a 10,000 square meters area in tropical garden. This paradisiacal resort hotel is bloomed with lush greens and fresh tropical floral. Quiet, romantic and its tranquility ambiance makes it a lovely haven for lovers and families.
Where else can you find paradise twice in one place?... Here it is only at Paradise Garden Resort Hotel in the paradise island of Boracay.
24 VIP Rooms Each room has an area of 45 sq. m. with a wide open air terrace which brings in the touch of a Very Important Person. It is completely furnished with a matrimonial bed, native rattan furniture, glazing floor tiles, hot & cold shower, mini-bar, cable TV, telephone and soundless air-condition in remote control system.


Once I was in the chamber cave behind the falls, it was a different world. The tour buses were heading home, the chartreuse ski parkas were gone. The cave had the roar of the falls in it as well as a misting rain. My parka was instantly wet, but it didn't matter.
This mossy chamber was like a visual mantra. It resonated the senses in that earthy, mossy way. It was just me and ten other enthusiasts. For this shot, wide angle. foreground was all emerald textured moss. The mind reaching out to the blue-black watery pool, the stream beyond, the distant, molten light show. An Iceland sunset.


text:
Q: Retrieve tree's states after load I updating my tree and to synchronize this with my JSON i using methods :
mystore.sync();
mystore.load();
If i don't using the second method, the tree don't show modifications ! With load method, tree collapse and the updates are effectives. But tree collapse even though before it was expand . How to restore state before load ??
Thanks a lot :)

A: You can send list of expanded items to server, and generate your json with 'expanded: ture' according to expanded list.


Google Ads and Facebook among others monetized page views, thereby monetizing anything that generates clicks, regardless of truth value. This cavern has numerous enormous veins of gold all over its walls, and in the centre is the Throne of Gold.
Third, Uncharted knowledge placing reality under the control of no one in particular, it dethrones intellectual authoritarianism and commits liberal society foundationally to intellectual pluralism and freedom of thought.
However, the seal was lost in the war. Unlike ordinary lies and propaganda, which try to make you believe something, disinformation tries to make you disbelieve everything. The old woman then proceeds to give Nathan their mother's journal, believing that he and his brother could finish their parent's work before passing away shortly afterwards.
After learning that the seal will not be sold until the next day, Nate and Sully return to the castle that night and break in.
It scatters so much bad information, and casts so many aspersions on so many sources of information, that people throw up their hands and say, "They're all a pack of liars. No wonder we hanker for consensus. What we could not foresee was a perfect storm of technological, economic, and political changes, all working to the disadvantage of the constitution of knowledge.
She explains she escaped Guerro after a brief interrogation, and set the warehouse alight as a diversion. After Nate deals with them, Chase refuses to leave - Quivira is just behind the door.
Because accurate reportage is orders of magnitude more expensive to produce than disinformation, the economic advantage of real news vaporized. Michael and Rose catch them and in the standoff they are ambushed by the Smoking Gods. The bat child was expensive to create and distribute, and the market for him was small and costly to reach.
They are confronted by Nadine, but one of her men triggers a trap, causing the temple to collapse while the Drakes escape. The courts and law enforcement have also responded resolutely, even bravely. After Nate deals with them, Chase refuses to leave - Quivira is just behind the door.
The anatagonist does not. Following her death, their father struggled to support the boys and as a result were constantly moving from various houses, By the age of five, Nathan and his brother Sam were relinquished custody by his father to the state.
A Thief's End would be delayed once again, to allow a simultaneous worldwide release on May 10, The duo team up with someone who double-crosses them or are conscripted by someone who forces them to find the treasure. And so if universities are rackets, merely imposing some opinions on everyone else or pursuing someone's political agenda, then the constitution of knowledge is a racket, too.
They may spin the truth, bend it, or break it, but they pay homage to it and regard it as a boundary.
He tells her that, when they find Quivirait will be Perez's discovery, but she turns him down - it will be their discovery, as partners.Elsevier is dedicated to making uncommon knowledge common — through validation, integration and connection.
Between our carefully-curated information databases, smart social networks, intelligent search tools and thousands of scholarly books and journals, we have a great responsibility and relentless passion for making information actionable.
Uncharted limits Uncharted knowledge to ensure you have access to the instructors and conversations that will help you grow your career or business. Workshops average less than 25 individuals per session, and each attendee has multiple opportunities to attend most workshops.
Uncharted series refers majorly to Christopher Golden's adaptation of the "Uncharted" series of action-adventure video games by Naughty Dog, and PlayStation. Drake will from time to time get in over his head even with his extensive knowledge of the devil's own luck and history.
Nathan Drake is an adrenaline junkie, and this is one. Uncharted Waters 2: New Horizons walkthrough - FAQ - by Mikoz from The Spoiler Centre collection of faqs for games.
iv UNCHARTED WATERS: BLENDING VALUE AND VALUES FOR SOCIAL IMPACT THROUGH THE SDGS purchasing decisions of the consumers of the future. The inclusive business without prior knowledge about inclusive business to those on the cusp of inclusive business growth.
This framework is supplemented by. "Develop a passion for learning. If you do, you will never cease to grow." Anthony J. D'Angelo.


text:
Эра́то (; умерла, предположительно, после 12 года н. э., Арташат или Тигранакерт, Великая Армения) — царица Великой Армении, последняя из рода Арташесидов, дочь Тиграна III, сестра Тиграна IV.

Биография

В 5 году до н. э. римляне лишили трона Тигранa IV  и назначили царём Артавазда III, находившегося у них в плену, но продержать его на троне смогли лишь три года. После совершённого переворота на престол снова взошли Тигран IV и Эрато.Эрато вышла замуж за своего единокровного брата Тигранa IV, который стал царём Армении в 8 году до н. э. Однако вскоре Тигран IV был убит в бою против горцев, которые пришли с севера и напали на Армению, а Эрато отказалась от трона (1 год н. э.).

По некоторым данным, Эрато снова стала царицей Великой Армении в 6—11/12 годах. С уходом Эрато закончилось правление династии Арташесидов в Армении.

Литература

Царицы Армении
Арташесиды
Умершие в 12 году


text:
7th February 2018 9th March 2018
I, Tonya (dir. Gillespie )
Image: Margot Robbie brings Tonya Harding's shining moment to life © NEON [Source: IMDB]
It's a story of the woman who gripped the western media back in the early 90s to her and women's figure skating. Margot Robbie plays the foul-mouthed and rambunctious Tonya Harding, detailing her life generally but most importantly "the incident" and the undeniable black comedy surrounding it.
Director: Craig Gillespie. Starring: Margot Robbie, Sebastian Stan, Allison Janney. [15]
Most biopics are there to serve the purpose of informing you about the person in question, I, Tonya does display the troubled childhood up to the success and fame of Tonya Harding but for a person with so much 'stranger than fiction' events in her life, it's a wonder why the film takes these stories in a fictional Coen Brothers comedy style. That's not to say it's ultimately a bad thing but I, Tonya could have been a very different kind of film and perhaps should have been considering the way in which Harding's story is being put across.
I, Tonya plays much like an apology note and reassurance that Tonya Harding is, in fact, a person worthy of respect, contrary to the way she was used as a punchline throughout the late 90s. That is not to say that Tonya Harding has not been misjudged but more to the criticism of the film, that it fails to give any background to important people in the events or really any opposing views. It certainly attempts to capture the conflicting reports and wacky nature of events that surround her life, the film even opens with a message stating the nature of these conflicting reports and these interviews are true to life. This would not be an issue if the last half of the film did not concern itself with this event and was more about Tonya but it decided to play more as a dark comedy focused on her instead.
Thankfully it does the quirky, offbeat and downright hilarious characters and events justice, in that the comedy is executed well and the film is very entertaining but the cherry on top, is just as the film wraps one of the more hysterical comedic moments is displayed from the real interview and its equally if not more hilarious. Coupled with the entertaining comedy is surprisingly some sweeping camera work, the figure skating routines are executed with gusto and precision which aids in the empathetic look towards Harding as her skating skills become apparent, however, the film could have benefited from doubling down on this sympathetic agenda to give this narrative more impact.
Margot Robbie does fine mostly as Harding to aid this sympathetic look at Tonya's life with a couple of stand out moments that push her performance to the highest it could be, sadly it's not overly captivating but Robbie is engaging and refreshing. The show is figuratively stolen however by Allison Janney, who plays Tonya Harding's estranged and monstrous mother, her performance is both lively and greatly amusing, as it is towering and sinister.
I, Tonya is an entertaining and hilarious darkly comedic look into the bizarre life and events of Tonya Harding, While the film does a great job of providing laughs and a fun time while learning a little about this pivotal women's figure skater, it does little in the way of impactful storytelling and doesn't quite give the film the eloquence it thinks it has.
Posted in ReviewsTagged 2018, Allison Janney, Craig Gillespie, Margot Robbie, Sebastian Stan, Tonya HardingBy Jake YoungLeave a comment
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On one hand, just as thinning intensity is a balance between adeq
Posted on June 30, 2017 by plcs5902
On one hand, just as thinning intensity is a balance between adequate light for desirable species versus too much light that promotes undesirable competing vegetation, gaps must be sufficiently large to provide the proper light environment (Fig. 12c). This is especially true for shade-intolerant, light-demanding species (Grubb, 1977 and Malcolm et al., 2001). On the other hand, even without the concern of competing vegetation, large gaps may expose seedlings to harsh conditions of high temperatures, inadequate soil moisture, high atmospheric evaporative demand, or lack of shelter from frost
(Lundmark and Trichostatin A cost Hällgren, 1987 and Dey et al., 2012). For many forest types, simplification of structure relative to historic reference conditions is an unanticipated (or sometimes intended) outcome of management that may have spanned decades (Palik et al., 2002). This is manifest in simplified age structure, reduced spatial heterogeneity of structural characteristics, and a depletion of decadent and dead trees. Globally, interest in managing forests for greater structural heterogeneity in ways that emulate the structural outcomes of natural disturbance and stand development processes is increasing (Attiwill, 1994 and Larson and Churchill, 2012). Managing forest stands to restore structural heterogeneity is, in fact, an important goal for ecological management (Franklin et al., 2007). Some
of the primary ways structural heterogeneity is accomplished is through approaches that increase age class diversity in Z-VAD-FMK cell line single-cohort stands, through innovative uses of thinning to increase spatial heterogeneity of structure, and through deliberate creation of decadence and retention of deadwood. Stands with age diversity generally are more species rich
than stands with less diverse structure (Thompson, 2012). Similarly, at the landscape level a diversity of stand structures promotes the greatest diversity of species (O'Hara, 1998 and Oliver et al., 2012). In particular, early seral stands are underrepresented in many managed forested landscapes (Swanson et al., 2010 and Greenberg et al., 2011). Transforming simple to complex structures (age-simplified to age-complex) requires time and multiple Olopatadine entries into stands (Nyland, 2003 and Pommerening, 2006). Even so, many forest owners and managers are increasingly interested in managing for more complex age structures (Nyland, 2003), motivated by societal concerns about even-aged management using clearfelling; approaches that leave continuous cover at some level are preferred and lend themselves to development of uneven-aged stands (Pommerening and Murphy, 2004). While the social goals that drive such transformations may be valid, doing so should only be construed as structural restoration if the forest type in question was actually characterized historically by more complex structure.
Allegedly, molecular methods targeting DNA may not be the best on
Allegedly, molecular methods targeting DNA may not be the best ones to detect bacteria immediately after treatment procedures because they can detect DNA from cells that recently died. Strategies for successful molecular detection of viable bacteria may be made necessary, such as using propidium monoazide before DNA extraction (38), targeting RNA (39), or using PCR with primers that amplify large products check details (40). The latter was used in this study. In addition to corroborating the results from previous culture studies, our present data for NaOCl are also comparable
to a study using reverse transcriptase PCR (39) in which 60% of the cases were positive for bacterial presence after chemomechanical preparation. Although direct comparisons with culture results were not made in the present study, our findings suggest that broad-range PCR for DNA detection using primers that generate a large amplicon may be reliably used to detect bacteria-enduring treatment
procedures. No particular taxon was found to be associated with S2 samples. In the NaOCl group, the taxa found more frequently after chemomechanical preparation were P. acnes, Streptococcus species, P. endodontalis, Ribociclib and S. sputigena. In the CHX group, D. invisus, A. israelii, P. baroniae, P. acidifaciens, and Streptococcus species were the most prevalent in S2. These findings suggest that bacterial persistence after
chemomechanical preparation may be more related to factors other than the intrinsic resistance to treatment procedures and substances by certain taxa. These factors may include the ability of involved bacteria to form and coexist in biofilm communities, spatial location of the biofilm and species distribution in the root canal system, and the levels of infection by each species in an individual case. Bacteria in biofilms are more resistant to treatment and may be located in areas unaffected by instruments and irrigants. Heavy infections (high bacterial density) may be more difficult to deal with, and the bacterial Cepharanthine species occurring in high counts have theoretically more chances to persist. With some clear exceptions, this statement was generally supported by our findings ( Figure 3 and Figure 4). Because archaea and fungi were not detected in any sample, it was not possible to evaluate the effects of chemomechanical procedures on these microorganisms. Even so, the present results join others to confirm that both archaea and fungi are rarely, if ever, found in primary endodontic infections (17). These observations suggest they are not important pathogens in primary apical periodontitis, and, therefore, the antimicrobial therapy does not necessarily need to target them.
However, this decrease was not due to a diminished inhibition of
However, this decrease was not due to a diminished inhibition of wt Ad5 DNA replication by the amiRNA, because the slope from day 0 to day 2 was comparable for pTP-mi5-expressing cells regardsless of which MOI was used for wt Ad5 infection. The observed effect was rather due to a decrease in the gain of wt Ad5 DNA from day 0 to day 2 when cells were infected with wt selleck inhibitor Ad5 at high MOIs (compare slopes for cells not transduced with any recombinant vector or with the amiRNA control vector at different MOIs). The inhibitory effect described above was revealed with cells that had been transduced with the recombinant amiRNA
expression vector 24 h prior to infection with wt Ad5. However, an inhibitory effect on wt Ad5 replication was also observed when cells were transduced with
the pTP-mi5 expression vector only 6 h prior to, concomitant with, or 6 h after infection with wt Ad5 (Supplementary Fig. 3). Wt Ad5 replication was inhibited at all MOIs. However, we observed a tendency toward a slightly decreased inhibition rate when cells were infected with wt Ad5 prior to transduction with the recombinant vectors and when low MOIs were used for wt Ad5 infection (compare slopes for cells transduced with the pTP-mi5 expression vector in panels A, B, and C at wt Ad5 MOIs of 0.01–1). The inhibitory effect of pTP-mi5 when expressed from and delivered with a replication-deficient adenoviral vector Selleck 17-AAG was very pronounced, but not complete. Thus, we investigated whether knockdown of pTP expression by pTP-mi5 and concomitant treatment of infected cells with CDV may result in additive inhibitory effects. To this end, we transduced and infected A549 cells as before and treated them with therapeutically relevant concentrations Thymidylate synthase of CDV. The highest dose of CDV (30 μM) corresponded to in vivo peak
serum concentrations typically measured after intravenous administration ( Cundy, 1999). We assessed the inhibition of wt Ad5 replication by determining wt Ad5 genome copy numbers at time points 2 and 6 days post-infection ( Fig. 12A and B). In our experimental setting, adenoviral vector-mediated expression of pTP-mi5 was generally more effective in inhibiting wt Ad5 replication than was treatment with CDV. However, the inhibitory effect of pTP-mi5 could clearly be further increased by concomitant treatment of the cells with CDV. pTP-mi5 expression alone decreased wt Ad5 genome copy numbers by 1.2 orders of magnitude (94.2%) at day 2 post-infection and by 1.8 orders of magnitude (98.4%) at day 6 post-infection when compared to the negative control amiRNA. However, concomitant treatment of the cells with 30 μM CDV decreased wt Ad5 genome copy numbers by 2.2 orders of magnitude (99.3%) at day 2 and by 2.5 orders of magnitude (99.7%) at day 6. This clear additive effect also manifested as a further drop in the output of infectious virus progeny ( Fig. 12C); concomitant treatment with 30 μM CDV decreased the titer of wt Ad5 by another 0.
Elution solvent (acetonitrile), step gradients (0, 20%, 32%, 50%,
Elution solvent (acetonitrile), step gradients (0, 20%, 32%, 50%, 65%, or 90% for 0 minutes, 10 minutes, 40 minutes, 55 minutes, 70 minutes, or 80 minutes, 1.6 mL/minute, 203 nm), and a phenomenex gemini C18 ODS (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column were used. Based on these conditions, the contents of ginsenosides from PPD-SF were calculated with the peak area curve of standard ginsenosides. To evaluate cytokine mRNA expression levels, RAW264.7 cells pretreated with PPD-SF (0–400 μg/mL) for PLX4032 cost 30 minutes were incubated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 6 hours. Total RNA was isolated with TRIzol Reagent (Gibco BRL) according to the manufacturer's instructions and stored at −70°C
until use. The mRNA was quantified by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with SYBR
Premix Ex Taq, according to the manufacturer's instructions (Takara, Shiga, ABT-263 cell line Japan), using a real-time thermal cycler (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA), as reported previously [23] and [24]. Results were expressed as the ratio of the optical density relative to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. The primers used (Bioneer, Seoul, Korea) are described in Table 1. HEK293 cells (1 × 106 cells/mL) were transfected with 1 μg of plasmid containing β-galactosidase and NF-κB-Luc, AP-1-Luc, or IRF-3-Luc in the presence or absence of PMA, or overexpressed adaptor molecules (TRIF or MyD88) using the polyethylenimine (PEI) method in 12-well Cepharanthine plates. The cells were treated with PPD-SF for 12 hours prior to termination. Luciferase assays were performed using the Luciferase Assay System (Promega, Madison, WI, USA), as previously reported [24] and [25]. Stomach tissues or RAW264.7 cells (5 × 106 cells/mL) were washed three times in cold phosphate-buffered saline with 1mM sodium orthovanadate, and then
lysed using a sonicator (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) or a Tissuemizer (Qiagen, Germantown, MD, USA) in lysis buffer [26] for 30 minutes with rotation at 4°C. Lysates were clarified by centrifugation at 16,000 × g for 10 minutes at 4°C and stored at −20°C until use. Nuclear fractions were prepared with RAW264.7 cell-derived lysates in a three-step procedure [27]. After treatment, cells were collected with a rubber policeman, washed with 1 × phosphate-buffered saline, and lysed in 500 μL lysis buffer [28] on ice for 4 minutes. Lysates were centrifuged at 19,326 × g for 1 minute in a microcentrifuge. The pellet (nuclear fraction) was washed once in washing buffer (lysis buffer without Nonidet P-40) and then treated with extraction buffer (lysis buffer containing 500mM KCl and 10% glycerol). The nuclei/extraction buffer mixture was frozen at −80°C, thawed on ice, and centrifuged at 19,326 × g for 5 minutes. The supernatant was collected as a nuclear extract. Soluble cell lysates (30 μg/lane) were immunoblotted.
The median change in sedimentation rates by the end of the 20th c
The median change in sedimentation rates by the end of the 20th century is about 50% greater than background. Although increased sedimentation often Neratinib purchase corresponds with greater land use intensities, any such relation is highly inconsistent among the catchments. For example, there are lakes for which sedimentation rates have steadily increased to over double their background rate without corresponding increases in land use (Arbor, Beta, Farewell, and Justine lakes), and there are lakes for
which sedimentation rates have decreased or have been nearly flat while land use activities have greatly increased (e.g. Cataract, Jakes, and Sugsaw lakes). Sedimentation trends are approximately linear for a large number of lake catchments. Curvilinear and spiked patterns are also observed in the sediment records, with nonlinear increases in sedimentation only occasionally coinciding with temporal Trametinib patterns of land use (Fig. 4). Sedimentation rates have accelerated in the late 20th century for Boomerang, Chisholm, Mitten, Pentz, and Pitoney lakes despite dramatically different trends in land use. Distinctive spikes in sedimentation to over triple the background rate occurred at the onset of land use or during periods of intense land use in Elizabeth and Maggie lakes, while similar episodic sedimentation conversely occurred in the absence of land use or preceding
land use in Haney and Octopus lakes. The best mixed-effects model relating sedimentation (log transformed) to our watershed variables ( Table 1) obtained through our stepwise procedure included roads_no_buf, cuts_no_buf, and temp_closed variables as fixed effects Branched chain aminotransferase and their interactions with catchment as random effects ( Table 3). Random effect parameters show that there is high variability between lake sedimentation rates, both for intercept and slope coefficients. Residual variability in log(sedimentation) is ±0.44 times the background sedimentation rate for about two thirds of the lake catchments. Positive fixed effect estimates for the model intercept, as well as with roads_no_buf, cuts_no_buf, and temp_closed, indicate that higher rates
of sedimentation correspond to the post-1952 period in the absence of recorded environmental change, as well as to greater whole-catchment road and cut densities and higher temperatures during the closed water season. The relation with sedimentation change is most significant for road density, intermediate for temperature change, and least significant for forest clearing. For the Foothills-Alberta Plateau catchments that experienced forestry and energy extraction land uses, subsetted model results are similar to those obtained for the full catchment inventory. Positive fixed effect estimates for the intercept, land use densities (all types), and temperature suggest that higher sedimentation rates correspond to the post-1952 period, higher densities of land use, and warmer temperatures.
0 For analysis of species composition, we used 22 species out of
0. For analysis of species composition, we used 22 species out of 27 after excluding rare species. We then used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to assess the correlation of environmental variables with the underlying gradients of stand structure (PCA axes). With a Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), we explored the importance of topographic and anthropogenic underlying gradients in determining tree Afatinib species composition. PCA and CCA multivariate
analyses as well as the outlier analysis were run with PC-ORD 6 statistical package (McCune and Mefford, 1999). The Monte Carlo permutation method tested the statistical significance of ordination analyses based on 10,000 runs with randomized data. Trekking activities and expeditions to Mt. Everest have a relevant impact on the Khumbu valley environment. Annual visitors to this region increased dramatically from 1950, when Nepal opened its borders to the rest of the World. The number of recorded trekkers was less than 1400 in 1972–1973, and increased to 7492 in 1989. Despite a significant decrease (13,786 in 2002) recorded during the civil war between Selleckchem MDV3100 2001 and 2006, the trekkers increased to more than 36,000 in 2012 (Fig. 3). The increase in visitors has directly affected the forest
cover because of the higher demand for firewood. One of the most important energy sources in the SNP is firewood: kerosene accounts for 33%, firewood 30%, dung 19%, liquefied petroleum gas 7% and renewable energies only 11% (Salerno et al., 2010). Furthermore, firewood is the main fuel for cooking (1480–1880 kg/person/year), with Quercus semecarpifolia,
Rhododendron arboreum and P. wallichiana being among the most exploited species ( NAST, 2010). A comparison between the SNP and selleck screening library its BZ revealed that tree density, species and structural (TDD) diversity are higher within the protected area (Table 3). BZ has a larger mean basal area and diameter, but the biggest trees (Dbh_max) are located in SNP. A PCA biplot of the first two components (PC1 and PC2) showed that denser and more diverse stands were located farther from buildings and at higher elevations (Fig. 4). The perpendicular position of basal area, TDD, and Dbh_max vectors related to elevation and distance from buildings, indicated that living biomass and structural diversity variables were uncorrelated to environmental variables. Elevation was negatively correlated with average tree size (Dbh_av). The first component (PC1) accounted for 42.81% of the total variation and was related to basal area, tree diameter diversity and maximum diameter. The second component (PC2) accounted for 22.60% of the total variation and was related to tree density and species diversity (Table 4). We recorded twenty-seven woody species representing 19 genera in the whole study area: 20 species in SNP and 22 in BZ. A. spectabilis and B.
Additionally, improvements to diagnosing viral infections are nee
Additionally, improvements to diagnosing viral infections are needed in the NICU. If we are able to make a diagnosis of a viral infection, antibiotics would more readily be discontinued and at times replaced with an antiviral. Obtaining a urine culture during LOS evaluation is still not standard check details practice, despite studies reporting an incidence of approximately 8% in infants < 1,500 grams.3, 4 and 5 Studies often claim that blood cultures are not sensitive enough; however, the infection may not be in the bloodstream. LOS evaluations should include a urine culture,
but there is still variation in practice in this area. Prevention of infections remains a key to reducing antibiotic days after the first week of life. In the area of fungal infections, antifungal prophylaxis has been shown to significantly reduce
the number of antifungal days for empiric, presumed, and culture-positive Candida infections. 6 While mortality appeared to initially decrease, logistic regression did not find significance between groups for both total and sepsis-related mortality. Other studies have reported an association with an increased risk for mortality when third generation cephalosporins are frequently used for EOS.7 Specifically with treatment of culture-negative early-onset sepsis, the risk for NEC is increased.8 In the article's discussion, early diagnosis and antibiotic use was hypothesized as a way to lower neonatal mortality with sepsis. This has been demonstrated in a recent study using an electronic monitoring system, since an early detection system of selleck chemical LOS (12-24 hours prior to clinical symptoms) found
a significantly lower overall and sepsis-associated (within 30 days of infection) mortality.9 Limitations of the study include reasons for selection of the different antibiotic regimens and the lack of a specific definition for sepsis-related mortality. From this study, other NICUs can examine whether they have similar practices already in place or if this is an area for quality improvement. It is likely that the post intervention rate for possible EOS of 44% can be further lowered. It would be insightful for larger studies and/or data sets to explore some of the same questions in this article. As this group and others continue to study antibiotic usage patterns, Oxalosuccinic acid it will be critical to link treatment changes with important clinical outcomes in prospective studies. If we are able to do so, we will be able to provide additional evidence for future best practices. The author declares no conflicts of interest. "
"Violence against children is a frequent and severe problem. Data from the World Health Organization (WHO) and from the International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) demonstrate that in 2002, over 53,000 children younger than 15 years of age died across the world due to situations of abuse.
In the studied sample,
In the studied sample, CHIR-99021 cell line 4 subjects were fed via gastrostomy, and 183
orally. Of the total, 144 children were classified as spastic CP, 34 as dyskinetic, 3 as ataxic, one as hypotonic, and 6 as mixed. In the analysis of frequency of weight percentiles in relation to the different topographies of spastic classification of CP, it was observed that 13% of individuals with tetraplegia were below the 10th percentile, and 49% were between 10th and 50th percentiles, with p = 0.157 (Kruskal-Wallis). This study showed that the references commonly used in pediatrics tend to overestimate malnutrition in individuals with CP. Another important point was that the results corroborate those in the literature regarding the low correlation between the distribution of anthropometric data in specific percentiles for PC and for general references of nutrition assessment. Data obtained through the Kappa index showed poor agreement in the anthropometric assessment of the
group below the 10th percentile and between the 50th and 90th percentiles. Although a negative Kappa index was found in the group between the 10th and 50th percentiles, any Kappa value < 0 indicates that the agreement found was less than that expected by chance, therefore suggesting disagreement. In the group of overweight individuals, the Kappa index showed agreement, but the result may have been influenced by the low frequency of subjects with anthropometric data in that range. These differences BTK inhibitor should alert interdisciplinary teams accompanying the children with CP to the importance of using appropriate tools in order to obtain a more reliable anthropometric profile and more realistic nutritional goals in nutritional rehabilitation. As the individual with CP has a peculiar growth pattern, studies aiming to find more appropriate forms of nutritional assessment are of great value, especially in developing countries such as Brazil.12
The pediatrician, who must systematically perform the nutritional assessment in all consultations, may have difficulties in evaluating individuals with CP. Nutritional alterations are frequently observed in children with CP and are of multifactorial etiology, secondary to factors related to the neurological damage, decreased Flavopiridol (Alvocidib) nutritional intake, and adequate nutritional support, as well as morphological and functional digestive alterations, mainly those related to motility disorders, osteoarticular alterations, particularities of growth, and hormonal alterations.13 and 14 In the present study, digestive manifestations were found more frequently in subjects with anthropometric data below the 50th percentile, and it was observed that 50% of individuals were below the 10th percentile, considering the general references of CDC. These data are in agreement with the literature, which describes malnutrition in 40% to 90% of individuals with the same type of analysis.
Before discussing these it is important to reiterate that differe
Before discussing these it is important to reiterate that different scenarios are being tested in each of these experiments, i.e. permeation versus Hanson dissolution. One experiment involves permeation of drug from a saturated solution containing cyclodextrin through a thin PCL membrane into an aqueous receptor fluid of similar composition but without any dissolved drug. The other experiment is a Screening Library Hanson dissolution study of release directly from a PCL matrix containing the drug immersed into an aqueous alcoholic mixture, the release medium. Permeability
studies were carried out to shed light on which of the relatively little tested drugs would perform the best if combined into a PCL matrix. With the permeability
data obtained to get some initial insights, Hanson dissolution studies were then performed in aqueous alcohol media to finally correlate these release rates with those from the permeability experiments. In summary, side-by-side diffusion cell experiments, for the nine drugs studied permeating through a PCL membrane, gave permeation rates ranging from 0 to 122 μg h−1. Apart from ketoprofen which demonstrated an exceptionally high permeation rate, other drug candidates displayed relatively lower permeation rates with permeability rate following the trend progesterone>melatonin>oestradiol (both)>dexamethasones (both)>abamectin and amoxicillin. Least squares regression (R2) values selleckchem obtained by plotting the measured permeation rates against the drug physicochemical properties of M, pKa, log Kow, and solubility (in water and HPβCD/PBS solutions) showed no especially
strong correlations, therefore, suggesting that a variety of drug physicochemical factors acting together could influence permeation. Hanson Dissolution release rates for the PCL-melt-extruded drug matrices tested in 15% aqueous alcohol release media gave numerically higher values than MRIP the permeability experiments, ranging from 0 to 556 μg cm−2 h−0.5. In attempting to compare the two (permeability versus Hanson dissolution) values against each other, the higher values from the Hanson dissolution experiment can be understood in terms of the units used for each experiment. Numerically the Hanson dissolution value unit contains a surface area term μg cm−2 h−0.5 while permeability rate values only have an amount per unit time unit (μg h−1). Multiplying the Hanson dissolution value through by the drug device surface area (Table 6) to get an approximate comparison with the permeability data (in terms of μg h−0.5 instead of μg h−1) leads to an even larger number so reaffirming the larger numerical values obtained for this particular experiment. The other reason for the observed higher numbers in Hanson dissolution must be attributed to the 15% v/v SDA solvent chosen as the release medium and mimic for an amphiphilic membrane.
CD3+ T cells and plasma cells were detected by immunohistochemica
CD3+ T cells and plasma cells were detected by immunohistochemically using anti-CD3 antibody (Dako,
CA, USA) and anti-CD138 antibody (Dako, CA, USA), respectively. For the negative control, we used murine IgG. The expression of RANTES, MCP-1, and TLR-2 were also analyzed immunohistochemically using polyclonal rabbit antibodies against TLR-2 (TLR-2 antibody—Aminoterminal end, ab47840), this website RANTES (R&D Systems, MN, USA), and MCP-1 (Hycult biotech Inc, Eindhoven area, Netherlands), respectively. For the negative controls, we used rabbit IgG (Dako, CA, USA). Color development was performed using 3-amino-9-ethyl carbazole (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) or diaminobenzidine (Nichirei, Tokyo). The number of TLR-2/cytokine/chemokine positive lung cells were counted in each lung field (200×) by microscopy, with counts reaching up to 250/field with a total of five fields/mouse. Spleens were minced Fasudil chemical structure in RPMI 1640 with 5% fetal bovine serum (FBS), and the resulting cell suspension was passed through a nylon mesh, and centrifuged at 2000g for 5 min. The cells were washed twice with phosphate-buffered saline without calcium/magnesium chloride (PBS-) and were resuspended in RPMI 1640 with 5% FBS (Iwaki, Tokyo) at a density of 106 cells/mL. Two hundred microliters
of the suspension was added to each well in a flat-bottomed microtiter plates (Iwaki, Tokyo). In the same manner, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)
cells were harvested. Thereafter, 10 μg of MP extracts was added to each well followed by incubation at 37 °C for 72 h under 5% CO2. The cells were pulsed with [methyl-3H] thymidine (Moravek Biochemicals, Inc. CA) for 16 h, and uptake was measured using a liquid scintillation counter. In some experiments, AMs were purified from BALF by plastic adhesion for 30 min at 37 °C under 5% CO2, collected by gentle scraping using a cell scraper (Falcon, Ann Arbor, MI), resuspended in RPMI 1640 with 5% FBS (Iwaki), added to a 24 well plate (Falcon) at 2×104 cells/well, and incubated in the presence or absence of MP extracts (10 μg/mL). After 8 h, culture supernatants were stored at −80 °C further use. BAL fluid was obtained after sacrifice through 1-cm longitudinal Sodium butyrate incision that was made to expose the trachea. BALF was obtained before and, 8 and 24 h after IT inoculation by instilling 1 mL of HBSS through a 25-gage needle inserted into the tracheal rings. A retrieved aliquot was centrifuged at 1500g for 5 min, and the supernatant was stored at −80 °C for analysis of cytokines levels in BALF. In some cases, the cell pellet was resuspended in HBSS, the density was counted by a hemocytometer, and the differentials were determined by counting 300 cells on a cyto-centrifuge slide after staining with Diff Quick (Kokusai Shiyaku Co. Ltd., Kobe).