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International Appeal: There are 26,740 signatories as of December 4, 2018
Written by Arthur Firstenberg | January 29, 2019
To the UN, WHO, EU, Council of Europe and governments of all nations
We the undersigned scientists, doctors, environmental organizations and citizens from (__) countries, urgently call for a halt to the deployment of the 5G (fifth generation) wireless network, including 5G from space satellites. 5G will massively increase exposure to radio frequency (RF) radiation on top of the 2G, 3G and 4G networks for telecommunications already in place. RF radiation has been proven harmful for humans and the environment. The deployment of 5G constitutes an experiment on humanity and the environment that is defined as a crime under international law.
Telecommunications companies worldwide, with the support of governments, are poised within the next two years to roll out the fifth-generation wireless network (5G). This is set to deliver what is acknowledged to be unprecedented societal change on a global scale. We will have "smart" homes, "smart" businesses, "smart" highways, "smart" cities and self-driving cars. Virtually everything we own and buy, from refrigerators and washing machines to milk cartons, hairbrushes and infants' diapers, will contain antennas and microchips and will be connected wirelessly to the Internet. Every person on Earth will have instant access to super-high-speed, low- latency wireless communications from any point on the planet, even in rainforests, mid-ocean and the Antarctic.
What is not widely acknowledged is that this will also result in unprecedented environmental change on a global scale. The planned density of radio frequency transmitters is impossible to envisage. In addition to millions of new 5G base stations on Earth and 20,000 new satellites in space, 200 billion transmitting objects, according to estimates, will be part of the Internet of Things by 2020, and one trillion objects a few years later. Commercial 5G at lower frequencies and slower speeds was deployed in Qatar, Finland and Estonia in mid-2018. The rollout of 5G at extremely high (millimetre wave) frequencies is planned to begin at the end of 2018.
Despite widespread denial, the evidence that radio frequency (RF) radiation is harmful to life is already overwhelming. The accumulated clinical evidence of sick and injured human beings, experimental evidence of damage to DNA, cells and organ systems in a wide variety of plants and animals, and epidemiological evidence that the major diseases of modern civilization—cancer, heart disease and diabetes—are in large part caused by electromagnetic pollution, forms a literature base of well over 10,000 peer-reviewed studies.
If the telecommunications industry's plans for 5G come to fruition, no person, no animal, no bird, no insect and no plant on Earth will be able to avoid exposure, 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, to levels of RF radiation that are tens to hundreds of times greater than what exists today, without any possibility of escape anywhere on the planet. These 5G plans threaten to provoke serious, irreversible effects on humans and permanent damage to all of the Earth's ecosystems.
Immediate measures must be taken to protect humanity and the environment, in accordance with ethical imperatives and international agreements.
5G will result in a massive increase in inescapable, involuntary exposure to wireless radiation
Ground-based 5G
In order to transmit the enormous amounts of data required for the Internet of Things (IoT), 5G technology, when fully deployed, will use millimetre waves, which are poorly transmitted through solid material. This will require every carrier to install base stations every 100 metres[1] in every urban area in the world. Unlike previous generations of wireless technology, in which a single antenna broadcasts over a wide area, 5G base stations and 5G devices will have multiple antennas arranged in "phased arrays" [2],[3] that work together to emit focused, steerable, laser-like beams that track each other.
Each 5G phone will contain dozens of tiny antennas, all working together to track and aim a narrowly focused beam at the nearest cell tower. The US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has adopted rules[4]permitting the effective power of those beams to be as much as 20 watts, ten times more powerful than the levels permitted for current phones.
Each 5G base station will contain hundreds or thousands of antennas aiming multiple laser-like beams simultaneously at all cell phones and user devices in its service area. This technology is called "multiple input multiple output" or MIMO. FCC rules permit the effective radiated power of a 5G base station's beams to be as much as 30,000 watts per 100 MHz of spectrum,[2] or equivalently 300,000 watts per GHz of spectrum, tens to hundreds of times more powerful than the levels permitted for current base stations.
Space-based 5G
At least five companies[5] are proposing to provide 5G from space from a combined 20,000 satellites in low- and medium-Earth orbit that will blanket the Earth with powerful, focused, steerable beams. Each satellite will emit millimetre waves with an effective radiated power of up to 5 million watts[6] from thousands of antennas arranged in a phased array. Although the energy reaching the ground from satellites will be less than that from ground-based antennas, it will irradiate areas of the Earth not reached by other transmitters and will be additional to ground-based 5G transmissions from billions of IoT objects. Even more importantly, the satellites will be located in the Earth's magnetosphere, which exerts a significant influence over the electrical properties of the atmosphere. The alteration of the Earth's electromagnetic environment may be an even greater threat to life than the radiation from ground-based antennas (see below).
Harmful effects of radio frequency radiation are already proven
Even before 5G was proposed, dozens of petitions and appeals[7] by international scientists, including the Freiburger Appeal signed by over 3,000 physicians, called for a halt to the expansion of wireless technology and a moratorium on new base stations.[8]
In 2015, 215 scientists from 41 countries communicated their alarm to the United Nations (UN) and World Health Organization (WHO).[9] They stated that "numerous recent scientific publications have shown that EMF [electromagnetic fields] affects living organisms at levels well below most international and national guidelines". More than 10,000 peer-reviewed scientific studies demonstrate harm to human health from RF radiation.[10][11] Effects include:
Alteration of heart rhythm[12]
Altered gene expression[13]
Altered metabolism[14]
Altered stem cell development[15]
Cancers[16]
Cardiovascular disease[17]
Cognitive impairment[18]
DNA damage[19]
Impacts on general well-being[20]
Increased free radicals[21]
Learning and memory deficits[22]
Impaired sperm function and quality[23]
Miscarriage[24]
Neurological damage[25]
Obesity and diabetes[26]
Oxidative stress[27]
Effects in children include autism,[28] attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)[29][30] and asthma.[31]
Damage goes well beyond the human race, as there is abundant evidence of harm to diverse plant- and wildlife[32][33] and laboratory animals, including:
Ants[34]
Birds[35][36]
Forests[37]
Frogs[38]
Fruit flies[39]
Honey bees[40]
Insects[41]
Mammals[42]
Mice[43][44]
Plants[45]
Rats[46]
Trees[47]
Negative microbiological effects[48] have also been recorded.
The WHO's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) concluded in 2011 that RF radiation of frequencies 30 kHz – 300 GHz are possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B).[49] However, recent evidence, including the latest studies on cell phone use and brain cancer risks, indicate that RF radiation is proven carcinogenic to humans[50] and should now be classified as a "Group 1 carcinogen" along with tobacco smoke and asbestos.
Most contemporary wireless signals are pulse-modulated. Harm is caused by both the high-frequency carrier wave and the low-frequency pulsations.[51]
The deployment of 5G satellites must be prohibited
The Earth, the ionosphere and the lower atmosphere form the global electric circuit[52] in which we live. It is well established that biological rhythms—of humans,[53][54] birds,[55] hamsters,[56] and spiders[57][58]—are controlled by the Earth's natural electromagnetic environment and that the well-being of all organisms depends on the stability of this environment, including the electrical properties of the atmosphere.[59][60][61][62] Cherry, in a groundbreaking paper, [63] explained the importance of the Schumann resonances[64] and why ionospheric disturbances can alter blood pressure and melatonin and cause "cancer, reproductive, cardiac and neurological disease and death".
These elements of our electromagnetic environment have already been altered by radiation from power lines. Power line harmonic radiation[65]reaches the Earth's ionosphere and magnetosphere, where it is amplified by wave-particle interactions.[66][67] In 1985, Dr. Robert O. Becker warned that power line harmonic radiation had already changed the structure of the magnetosphere, and that the continued expansion of this effect "threatens the viability of all life on Earth".[68] The placement of tens of thousands of satellites directly in both the ionosphere and magnetosphere, emitting modulated signals at millions of watts and millions of frequencies, is likely to alter our electromagnetic environment beyond our ability to adapt.[69]
Informal monitoring has already provided evidence indicating serious effects on humans and animals from the approximately 100 satellites that have provided 2G and 3G phone service from low orbit since 1998. Such effects cannot be understood only from consideration of the low levels of radiation on the ground. Knowledge from other relevant scientific disciplines must be taken into account, including the fields of atmospheric physics and acupuncture.[70][71][72][73] Adding 20,000 5G satellites will further pollute the global electric circuit[74][75] and could alter the Schumann resonances,[76] with which all life on Earth has evolved. The effects will be universal and may be profoundly damaging.
5G is qualitatively and quantitatively different from 4G
The idea that we will tolerate tens to hundreds of times more radiation at millimetre wavelengths is based on faulty modelling of the human body as a shell filled with a homogeneous liquid.[77][78] The assumption that millimetre waves do not penetrate beyond the skin completely ignores nerves,[79] blood vessels[80][81] and other electrically conducting structures that can carry radiation-induced currents deep into the body.[82][83][84] Another, potentially more serious error is that phased arrays are not ordinary antennas. When an ordinary electromagnetic field enters the body, it causes charges to move and currents to flow. But when extremely short electromagnetic pulses enter the body, something else happens: the moving charges themselves become little antennas that reradiate the electromagnetic field and send it deeper into the body. These reradiated waves are called Brillouin precursors.[85] They become significant when either the power or the phase of the waves changes rapidly enough.[86] 5G will probably satisfy both criteria.
In addition, shallow penetration in itself poses a unique danger to eyes and to the largest organ of the body, the skin, as well as to very small creatures. Peer-reviewed studies have recently been published, predicting thermal skin burns[87] in humans from 5G radiation and resonant absorption by insects,[88] which absorb up to 100 times as much radiation at millimetre wavelengths as they do at wavelengths presently in use. Since populations of flying insects have declined by 75-80 per cent since 1989 even in protected nature areas,[89] 5G radiation could have catastrophic effects on insect populations worldwide. A 1986 study by Om Gandhi warned that millimetre waves are strongly absorbed by the cornea of the eye, and that ordinary clothing, being of millimetre-size thickness, increases the absorption of energy by the skin by a resonance-type effect.[90] Russell (2018) reviews the known effects of millimetre waves on skin, eyes (including cataracts), heart rate, immune system and DNA.[91]
Regulators have deliberately excluded the scientific evidence of harm
Stakeholders thus far in the development of 5G have been industry and governments, while renowned international EMF scientists who have documented biological effects on humans, animals, insects and plants, and alarming effects on health and the environment in thousands of peer-reviewed studies have been excluded. The reason for the current inadequate safety guidelines is that conflicts of interest of standard-setting bodies "due to their relationships with telecommunications or electric companies undermine the impartiality that should govern the regulation of Public Exposure Standards for non-ionizing radiation". [92]Professor Emeritus Martin L. Pall lays out the conflicts of interest in detail, and the lists of important studies that have been excluded, in his literature review. [93]
The thermal hypothesis is obsolete—new safety standards are needed
Current safety guidelines are based on the obsolete hypothesis that heating is the only harmful effect of EMFs. As Markov and Grigoriev have stated, "Today standards do not consider the real pollution of the environment with nonionizing radiation".[94] Hundreds of scientists, including many signatories to this appeal, have proven that many different kinds of acute and chronic illnesses and injuries are caused without heating ("non-thermal effect") from radiation levels far below international guidelines.9 Biological effects occur even at near-zero power levels. Effects that have been found at 0.02 picowatts (trillionths of a watt) per square centimetre or less include altered genetic structure in E. coli[95]and in rats,[96] altered EEG in humans,[97] growth stimulation in bean plants,[98] and stimulation of ovulation in chickens.[99]
To protect against non-thermal effects, duration of exposure must be considered. 5G will expose everyone to many more transmissions simultaneously and continuously, day and night without cessation. New safety standards are needed and should be based on cumulative exposure and not only on power levels but also on frequency, bandwidth, modulation, waveform, pulse width and other properties that are biologically important. Antennas must be confined to specific, publicly identified locations. To protect humans, antennas must be located far from where people live and work, and excluded from the public rights-of-way where people walk. To protect wildlife, they must be excluded from wilderness sanctuaries and strictly minimized in remote areas of the Earth. To protect all life, commercial communications satellites must be limited in number and prohibited in low- and medium-Earth orbits. Phased arrays must be prohibited on Earth and in space.
RF radiation has both acute and chronic effects
RF radiation has both immediate and long-term effects. Cancer and heart disease are examples of long-term effects. Alteration of heart rhythm[100]and changes in brain function (EEG)[101] are examples of immediate effects. A syndrome that was called radiowave sickness[102] in the former Soviet Union and is called electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) around the world today[103] can be either acute or chronic. Professor Dr. Karl Hecht has published a detailed history of these syndromes, compiled from a review of more than 1,500 Russian scientific papers and the clinical histories of more than 1,000 of his own patients in Germany. Objective findings include sleep disorders, abnormal blood pressure and heart rate, digestive disorders, hair loss, tinnitus and skin rash. Subjective symptoms include dizziness, nausea, headache, memory loss, inability to concentrate, fatigue, flu-like symptoms and cardiac pain. [104]
The EUROPAEM EMF Guideline 2016 states that EHS develops when people are "continuously exposed in their daily life" to increasing levels of EMFs, and that "reduction and prevention of EMF exposure" is necessary to restore these patients to health.[105] EHS should no longer be considered a disease, but an injury by a toxic environment that affects an increasingly large portion of the population, estimated already at 100 million people worldwide,[106][107] and that may soon affect everyone[108] if the worldwide rollout of 5G is permitted.
The International Scientific Declaration on EHS and multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), Brussels, declared in 2015 that "[i]naction is a cost to society and is not an option any more… [W]e unanimously acknowledge this serious hazard to public health… [urgently requiring] that major primary prevention measures are adopted and prioritized, to face this worldwide pan-epidemic in perspective" (emphasis added).[109]
World governments are failing in their duty of care to the populations they govern
In their haste to implement 5G and to encourage the unconstrained use of outer space, the European Union, United States and national governments worldwide are taking steps to ensure a "barrier-free" regulatory environment.[110] They are prohibiting local authorities from enforcing environmental laws,[111] and "in the interest of speedy and cost-effective deployment", removing "unnecessary burdens… such as local planning procedures [and] the variety of specific limits on electromagnetic field (EMF) emissions and of the methods required to aggregate them".[112]
Governments are also enacting laws to make wireless facilities a permitted use in all public rights-of-way.[113] To date, most wireless facilities have been located on private property at some distance from homes and businesses. In order for them to be spaced less than 100 metres apart as required by 5G, however, they will now be located on the sidewalk directly in front of homes and businesses and close above the heads of pedestrians, including mothers with babies.
Public notice requirements and public hearings are being eliminated. Even if there were a hearing and 100 scientific experts were to testify against 5G, laws have been passed making it illegal for local authorities to take their testimony into consideration. US law, for example, prohibits local governments from regulating wireless technology "on the basis of the environmental effects of radio frequency radiation",[114] and courts have reversed regulatory decisions about cell tower placement simply because most of the public testimony was about health.[115] Insurers will not provide coverage against EMF risks,[116] and there is zero clarity as to what entity will bear legal responsibility for damage to life, limb and property arising from exposure to 5G, whether ground- or space-based.[117]
In the absence of an agreed comprehensive legal regime governing activities in outer space, legal liability for those activities is non-existent, despite the prospect of whole continents, the atmosphere and the oceans being put at risk by them.
International agreements are being violated
Children and duty of care
The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: States shall "undertake to ensure the child such protection and care as is necessary for his or her well-being" (art. 3), "ensure… the survival and development of the child" (art. 6) and "take appropriate measures to combat disease… taking into consideration the dangers and risks of environmental pollution" (art. 24(c)).
The Nuremberg Code (1949) applies to all experiments on humans, thus including the deployment of 5G with new, higher RF radiation exposure that has not been pre-market tested for safety. "The voluntary consent of the human subject is absolutely essential" (art. 1). Exposure to 5G will be involuntary. "No experiment should be conducted, where there is an a priori reason to believe that death or disabling injury will occur" (art. 5). The findings of over 10,000 scientific studies and the voices of hundreds of international organizations representing hundreds of thousands of members who have suffered disabling injury and been displaced from their homes by already-existing wireless telecommunications facilities, are "a priori reasons to believe that death or disabling injury will occur".
Duty to inform and EMFs
The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (2012) of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) stated that "[t]here is a need to inform the public of the potential effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs)" and invited Member States "to adopt suitable measures in order to ensure compliance with relevant international recommendations to protect health against the adverse effect of EMF".
The Mid-term review of the European Environment and Health Action Plan 2004-2010 (2008): "The European Parliament… [n]otes that the limits on exposure to electromagnetic fields which have been set for the general public are obsolete, … obviously take no account of developments in information and communication technologies, of the recommendations issued by the European Environment Agency or of the stricter emission standards adopted, for example, by Belgium, Italy and Austria, and do not address the issue of vulnerable groups, such as pregnant women, newborn babies and children."
Resolution 1815 (Council of Europe, 2011): "Take all reasonable measures to reduce exposure to electromagnetic fields, especially to radio frequencies from mobile phones, and particularly the exposure to children and young people."
The Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (1972): "The discharge of toxic substances… in such quantities or concentrations as to exceed the capacity of the environment to render them harmless, must be halted in order to ensure that serious or irreversible damage is not inflicted upon ecosystems" (principle 6).
The World Charter for Nature (1982): "Activities which are likely to cause irreversible damage to nature shall be avoided… [W]here potential adverse effects are not fully understood, the activities should not proceed" (art. 11).
The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development (1992): "States have… the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction" (principle 2).
The United Nations World Summit on Sustainable Development (2002): "There is an urgent need to… create more effective national and regional policy responses to environmental threats to human health" (para. 54(k)).
The African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (2017): "The Parties shall… take all appropriate measures to prevent, mitigate and eliminate to the maximum extent possible, detrimental effects on the environment, in particular from radioactive, toxic, and other hazardous substances and wastes" (art. 13).
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: "Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person" (art. 3).
The United Nations Global Strategy for Women's, Children's and Adolescents' Health(2016-2030) has as objectives and targets to "transform", by expanding enabling environments; to "survive", by reducing maternal and newborn mortality; and to "thrive" by ensuring health and well-being and reducing pollution-related deaths and illnesses.
The Outer Space Treaty (1967) requires that the use of outer space be conducted "so as to avoid [its] harmful contamination and also adverse changes in the environment of the Earth"(art. IX).
READ MORE:5G Dangers, 5th Generation Wireless Technology. Health and Environmental Impacts
The United Nations Guidelines for The Long-Term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities (2018): "States and international intergovernmental organizations should address… risks to people, property, public health and the environment associated with the launch, in-orbit operation and re-entry of space objects" (guideline 2.2(c)).
World governments are playing dice with life on Earth
Albert Einstein famously asserted that "God does not play dice".[118] Yet by pursuing the broadcast on Earth and from space of 5G, an unprecedented technology of millimetre waves previously used as an energy weapon in military operations and crowd control,[119] world governments are recklessly playing dice with the future of life on Earth.
To refuse to accept and apply relevant and valid scientific knowledge is ethically unacceptable. Existing research shows that 5G—and especially space-based 5G—contravenes principles enshrined in a host of international agreements.
We call upon the UN, WHO, EU, Council of Europe and governments of all nations,
(a) To take immediate measures to halt the deployment of 5G on Earth and in space in order to protect all humankind, especially the unborn, infants, children, adolescents and pregnant women, as well as the environment;
(b) To follow the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and Council of Europe Resolution 1815 by informing citizens, including teachers and physicians, about the health risks (to adults and children) from RF radiation, and why they should and how they can avoid wireless communication and base stations, particularly in or near day-care centres, schools, hospitals, homes and workplaces;
(c) To favour and implement wired telecommunications instead of wireless;
(d) To prohibit the wireless/telecommunications industry through its lobbying organizations from persuading officials to make decisions permitting further expansion of RF radiation, including ground- and space-based 5G;
(e) To appoint immediately—without industry influence—international groups of independent, truly impartial EMF and health scientists with no conflicts of interest, [120] for the purpose of establishing new international safety standards for RF radiation that are not based only on power levels, that consider cumulative exposure, and that protect against all health and environmental effects, not just thermal effects and not just effects on humans;
(f) To appoint immediately—without industry influence—international groups of scientists with expertise in EMFs, health, biology and atmospheric physics, for the purpose of developing a comprehensive regulatory framework that will ensure that the uses of outer space are safe for humans and the environment, taking into account RF radiation, rocket exhaust gases, black soot, and space debris and their impacts on ozone, [121] global warming, [122] the atmosphere and the preservation of life on Earth. Not only ground-based but also space-based technology must be sustainable [123] for adults and children, animals and plants.
Please respond to the Appeal Administrator listed below,
detailing the measures you intend to take to protect the global population against RF radiation exposure, especially 5G radiation. This appeal and your response will be publicly available on www.5gSpaceAppeal.org.
Arthur Firstenberg, Appeal Administrator, info@5gSpaceAppeal.org
Lauraine Margaret Helen Vivian, PhD, Anthropology and Psychiatry; Honorary Research Associate, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. Signatory for South Africa
Girish Kumar, PhD, Professor, Electrical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
Don Maisch, PhD, Independent researcher, author of "The Procrustean Approach", Lindisfarne, Tasmania, Australia
Alfonso Balmori, BSc, Master in Environmental Education, Biologist. Valladolid, Spain
Klaus Buchner, Dr. rer. nat., Professor, MEP – Member of the European Parliament, Kompetenzinitiative zum Schutz von Mensch, Umwelt und Demokratie e.V., München, Germany
Daniel Favre, Dr. phil. nat., Biologist, A.R.A. (Association Romande Alerte aux Ondes Electromagnétiques), Switzerland
Annie Sasco, MD, DrPH, SM, HDR, former Chief of Research Unit of Epidemiology for Cancer Prevention at the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon; former Acting Chief, Programme for Cancer Control of the World Health Organization (WHO); former Director of Research at the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM); France
Martin Pall, Professor Emeritus of Biochemistry and Basic Medical Sciences, Washington State University, residing in Portland, Oregon, USA
Kate Showers, PhD, Soil Science, Senior Research Fellow, Centre for World Environmental History, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK, residing in Bolton-Est, Québec, Canada
Carlos Sosa, MD, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
Notes (see Global Research)
The original source of this article is The Appeal
Copyright © Arthur Firstenberg, The Appeal, 2019

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Tōryanse () ist ein traditionelles japanisches Kinderlied (warabe-uta).

Das Lied ist von seiner Natur her ein Kinderreim aus der Edo-Zeit. Er ist dabei Teil eines Singspiels, das darin besteht, dass zwei sich gegenüberstehende Kinder mit ihren hochgestreckten, einander berührenden Händen einen Bogen bilden, durch den andere Kinder hindurchgehen, während das Lied gesungen wird. Wenn das Lied plötzlich stoppt, werden die Hände gesenkt und das durchgehende Kind darunter gefangen. Es gleicht damit jenem Spiel, das im englischsprachigen Raum zu London Bridge is Falling Down gespielt wird.

Das Lied ist in Japan zudem dadurch bekannt, dass es bei Ampeln als akustisches Signal benutzt wird um Fußgängern anzuzeigen, dass sie die Straße überqueren dürfen. In dieser Funktion als Signallied wurde es 1975 ausgewählt – neben Kokyō no Sora (), das die Melodie des schottischen Volksliedes Comin' Thro' the Rye verwendet.

2007 stellte das Amt für kulturelle Angelegenheiten in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Dachverband der Elternvertretungen () eine Auswahl von 100 Liedern zusammen, die von Kindern und Eltern gesungen werden. Darin wurde Tōryanse auf Platz 63 aufgenommen.

Liedtext

Der Text, der in einem Edo-zeitlichen Japanisch verfasst ist, stellt ein Gespräch mit einer Wache dar und handelt von der Reise eines siebenjährigen Kindes in Begleitung zu einem Tenjin geweihten Shintō-Schrein. Unterwegs müssen sie durch einen Wachposten durch, bei dem nach ihrem Ziel gefragt werden, und dann mitgeteilt bekommen, dass sie hindurch dürfen (tōryanse), aber vor ihnen ein enger, furchteinflößender Pfad liegt und der Rückweg schwierig sein wird.

Als Zweck der Reise gilt das 7-5-3-Fest, das alljährlich im November stattfindet und vorsieht, dass Mütter mit ihren Mädchen, die in jenem Jahr sieben Jahre alt werden, zu einem entsprechenden Schrein reisen, um sich dort im Hinblick auf die hohe Kindersterblichkeit bei den Göttern dafür zu bedanken, dass das Kind diese schwierige Phase sicher überstanden hat, und diente als Übergangsritus.

Üblicherweise wird als Zielort der Miyoshino-Schrein angenommen, der sich innerhalb der Einfriedung der Burg Kawagoe befindet, wodurch man für dessen 7-5-3-Fest die Burg mit betreten musste. Damit wird die Herkunft des Textes auch bei Kawagoe verortet.

Teilweise wird auch eine zweite Strophe angegeben, die wohl auf den Manga Onikirimaru (1992–2001) von Kei Kusunoki zurückgeht. Diese lehnt sich textlich und inhaltlich an die erste an, handelt jedoch davon, dass das Kind gestorben ist, die Mutter unterwegs zur Trauermesse ist und ihr die Wache mitteilt, dass dies der enge Pfad zur Unterwelt sei:

Melodie
Die bekannteste Melodie des Textes ist die folgende:

Sie wurde dem Kinderreim 1921 von Motoori Nagayo gegeben, der das Stück auch arrangierte. Die Melodie benutzt eine hexatonische Tonleiter.

Weblinks
  gesungen vom Kinderchor der Nihon Victor Records

Einzelnachweise

Musik (Japan)
Kinderlied

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
In Indigo Invitational
11 "Western" Indigo Invitational Faders to Watch on Instagram
Check Out These Competitors in the Indigo Invitational
This post was written by Bryan Szabo, co-founder of the Indigo Invitational.
In the first of two posts about faders to watch in the competition, I profiled 10 of the Southeast Asian competitors in the Indigo Invitational.
Now it's time to look to the West. In this post, we're looking at 11 of the competition's top faders from Europe, North America, and Australia.
Follow the competition
The Indigo Invitational is a year-long fading competition. It's free to join, and all brands and weights are welcome. Everyone starts with a brand new pair of raws and the best fades win! Oh, and the prizes are insane!
Your jeans can be unsanforized or sanforized, as long as they're raw (factory one-washed jeans being the only exception). Year 2 of the competition runs from October 2020 to October 2021.
Visit indigoinvitational.com to learn more and stay up to date! Denimhunters is the competition's official media partner and we post about it here.
Chris Clark – @heritageheathens
Wisconsin's Chris Clark is a manual machinist, fabricator, and welder. He comes into contact on an almost daily basis with industrial chemicals, solvents, and hydraulic oil—all of which make thick and raw denim (which he started wearing a few years ago) a necessity rather than a preference.
The Indigo Invitational is his first competition, and he joined because he wanted to see how he would do when stacked up next to some of the competition's more experienced and award-winning faders (he's doing his level best to keep pace with @denim_rambler).
He found his competition pair (Naked & Famous Elephant 2 Revenge Weird Guy) online shortly before the competition started, and he's been thrilled with the results so far. His pair has developed vertical electric blue fade lines below the pockets, and he's just given them their first wash (they were so filthy that the grime was concealing the fades that were starting to emerge).
Clark's Naked and Famous E2s
He knows that the E2s are notoriously slow faders, but he is so tough on his jeans that he needs something with a thick skin (his last pair of 17 oz. Brave Stars only lasted him 4 months).
His advice for those who want great fades: "Do everything in them. I beat the hell out of my jeans at work, then I come home and work on my bikes and cars in them."
Todd Hallowell – @blue_collar_style
Columbus Ohio's Todd Hallowell (40) is a devoted husband and father. He's been married for 13 years to a woman who, he says, is "an amazing artist."
Todd Hallowell and a budding denim enthusiast
He's something of an artist himself, working with the kinds of manly materials (reclaimed barn wood in particular) that denimheads seem to love almost as much as denim and leather.
He loves wood's ability to wear its story on its surface, and, though he didn't know it at the time, this was priming him for his now full-blown denim obsession.
A few years back, Todd was fighting wildfires out west. The heat and exertion were so great that he returned home 25 pounds lighter than he was when he left. This meant his old denim no longer fit, so he needed to invest in a few new pairs.
He got his first taste of raw denim (as so many of us did) with a pair of Nudies. He was immediately hooked.
When the Indigo Invitational started, Todd already had plans to make the leap into the super-heavyweight denim category. He had his eyes on a pair of SOSO Brothers, who were preparing to drop their 33 oz. Breaker of Legs denim.
Todd's 33oz SOSO Breaker of Legs
Slipping on the jeans is, he says, like wearing a firehose (and he would know). Fading them is heavy work, but he's no stranger to hard work or, for that matter, to sweat.
Todd says that the key to great fades is fit. If the jeans start loose, they'll only get looser as the denim breaks in. Looser fit = less dramatic fades. Start with a great fit and the fades will follow.
Some parting advice from Todd:
"Rotate your denim when you like, and wash when you wish. Live in your denim and enjoy the ride."
Alex Swords – @kill_your_jeans
Boulder denizen Alex (38) grew up in Montana, where he spent his adolescence skateboarding, snowboarding, and spinning records with his friends. He worked in a skate shop, and he still skates every day (his sense of style reflects this).
Alex Swords doin' the ende
In his early twenties, Alex discovered a passion for food and wine, and he's been active in the food and beverage industry ever since (he's always keen to share a great meal or tip a glass, so reach out if you're ever cruising through Colorado).
Alex stumbled into the world of raw denim by chance.
Like many of us, he had grown tired of the mountains of garbage denim that the world of fast fashion has to offer. Five years ago, while shopping, one dark blue pair stood out from all the rest. It had the word selvedge on the tag, and his interest was piqued.
He left that pair of Naked and Famous on the shelf, but he went home and started researching, falling headfirst down the rabbit hole. It was his red pill/blue pill moment, and he chose the red pill.
He saw the light and, as he says, "woke up from the monotonous denim matrix." He was reborn into the world of quality craftsmen-made goods. Since then, denim and its related products (especially leather and silver) have become a forever part of his life.
His fade recipe was an immediate success. He won last year's Pure Blue Japan x Blue Owl Workshop fade contest, even though he was a late entrant. He was competing against a pool of competitors who were all wearing the same pair (18 oz. indigo x indigo x black overdye), and he was one of the only competitors without any serious fade experience.
His gold-medal fades prove that experience means very little. Passion and dedication mean everything.
Alex's 25 oz. 555 Iron Hearts
He's bringing his winning track record and his enthusiasm for this scene to the Indigo Invitational. "It's amazing to me," he says, "how a passion for cool pants and quality goods can unite so many people. I'm excited to continue learning and meeting like-minded people from around the world."
He's fading a pair of Iron Heart 555XHSib (25 oz., indigo warp, reactive dyed black weft). The indigo x black is by far his favourite combo, and he's never really put a pair of true heavyweights through their paces, so, when he was looking for a competition pair, the Iron Hearts were a natural fit.
His fade recipe is simple:
"Don't overthink it. Have fun and enjoy the process. Jeans are meant to be worn, lived in, and abused. Patience over time will yield the reward."
Marc Bosch – @realmarcbosch
Marc Bosch
Marc (36) is a luxury car broker in Enschede, Netherlands. He is relatively new to the world of raw denim. He slid on his first pair of raws ( a 22 oz. pair of Lee 101s) less than two years ago.
He was drawn to the world of selvedge by the unmistakable quality and the chance to create unique fades that reflect the wearer's lifestyle. Like so many other faders, he went deeper with each pair, climbing the ladder until he purchased his first pair of Japanese denim.
When he decided to compete in the Indigo Invitational, he knew he wanted a stand-out pair that would fade beautifully. He went with a true fade icon: Momotaro 0405-SP (15.7 oz.).
Momotaro's battle stripes make them immediately recognizable to everybody from initiates to seasoned denim heads, and their electric blue fade patterns make them perfect for patient faders like Marc.
Snus fade to match the Battle Stripes
Battle Stripes starting to break ranks
The step-up into the Japanese brands has fully converted Marc. Waiting patiently in his closet are pairs of Samurais and Iron Hearts, which he'll turn to when the competition is over. He doesn't want to own more jeans than he can wear, but he definitely wants a deep rotation of top-shelf denim.
As for his competition pair, he's planning to beat the blue out of them in the usual way: an active lifestyle, including bike rides and frequent walks in the park with his dog.
Jeremy Osztreicher – @jeremyosz
Melbourne's Jeremy Osztreicher (27) is a web developer by day and a leatherworker/shoemaker by night.
Jeremy Osztreicher
He was drawn to the world of raw denim by its promise to provide an unbeatable custom fit. He struggled to find a pair that fit him like he thought a good pair of jeans should, so he moved away from fast fashion and into the world of raw denim.
The minute he saw that first pair (Acne Studios Max Raws) starting to fade, that was it. He was hooked.
Like many of the faders in the Indigo Invitational, Jeremy joined the competition looking for an excuse to do some serious damage to a top-shelf pair. His closet was bursting with pairs of raw, but he wasn't giving any single pair the attention it deserved.
His Iron Hearts (888XHSib 25 oz.) have been the perfect companion on this journey. Super dark, with a high waist and roomy thighs, they're Jeremy's idea of a perfect jean—easy to slide on every morning without fail.
Jeremy's 888 Iron Heart heavyweights
Jeremy is throwing down the gauntlet, standing his ground as a white-collar fader: "Don't underestimate office fades," he says. After all, office chairs have produced honeycombs that can stand toe to toe even with motorcycle fades.
As for fading tips, Jeremy says that you shouldn't be afraid to wash your jeans when they get dirty (presumably, his co-workers are grateful that he's not a never-wash fader).
Alexander Barker – @alexanderbarker_
Alexander Barker (32) hails from Hillerød (north of Copenhagen), where he shares a home with his "long-time-soon-to-be" wife and their two daughters (his oldest is five, his youngest was born just a few days into the competition).
Alexander Barker
They've just moved into a new house, so he's spending a great deal of his time on construction and renovation projects, getting his jeans filthy in the process.
When he's not being a devoted father and husband or working as a Google Ads consultant, he is exploring the world of raw denim and reviewing jeans.
Alexander joined the Indigo Invitational looking for the opportunity to interact with denimheads and hardcore faders like himself. He also (like so many of us) has an extremely deep rotation. With so many pairs to choose from, it's tough to string 100 days of consecutive wear together (let alone 365).
Alexander is the only competitor wearing Edwins (ED55 14 oz. unsanforized). He feels as though Edwins don't get enough love from the denim community, and he's keen to show the competitive faders what they've been missing.
Alexander's Edwin ED55s
He's confident that wearing his jeans every day and doing a little yard and renovation work will make him a contender.
Katie Woo – @undyingclassic
Katie Woo
A raw denim and quality goods enthusiast with a BA in design, Katie (23) is the only female competitor in the competition who has come here entirely under her own steam. She's as deeply a committed enthusiast as you'll find in the competition, and she's giving the boys a run for their money.
She lives in San Luis Obispo County in California, and she's an active member of California's denim community, especially in the subset of denim jacket enthusiasts.
She worked, for a time, for Office Hours, a small brick and mortar quality good retailer. Though she's no longer an employee there, you'll still see her there regularly browsing and chatting with the staff.
Katie's NBDN heavyweight Leviathans
Katie made a strong statement when joining this competition by choosing to fade one of the heaviest pairs in the competition (the NBDN 25.6 oz. Golden Leviathan in their slim straight fit).
Why this pair? They were the only ones she had in the closet that were still in brand new condition when the competition began on June 1, 2019.
She's determined to wear the hell out her competition jeans and to go as long as she can with washing them so she can develop some stunning high-contrast fades. She's well on her way.
Andre Williams – @drewill44
Andre Williams (27) is the competition's only professional athlete. The six-foot, 220-pound running back was drafted by the New York Giants in 2014, moving to the L.A. Chargers in 2016. His focus right now is on his denim line, which he launched recently.
Andre Williams
As many guys with athletic builds (at least the ones who don't skip legs days) will tell you, there is very little in the world of raw denim for the gentleman with tree-trunk thighs.
He couldn't find a pair that fit him right—not until he started his own line: All Weather Workers & Travelers.
He's wearing one of his own pairs (AW Brads) in the competition, so the next year is something of a testing period for his product and its durability and fade potential.
He uses proprietary Japanese fabrics, with sturdy stitching in the same color as the dye, so he's off to a running start.
He wears his jeans daily, but he's also trying to give himself a bit of an edge by experimenting with coffee washes. Most of us who wear denim daily and can't live without caffeine have experience trying to get coffee out of our denim.
Andre is going in the opposite direction, brushing his denim periodically with diluted coffee water (he's heard that the acidity in coffee will accelerate his fades).
Andre's AW Selvedge Brads
Only time will tell how this will work for him. "It is," he says, "either pure stupidity or pure genius." That's the pioneering spirit at work.
Karl Bentley – @karl_bentley
Karl hails from Leeds in West Yorkshire, but he's lived in and around London for the past 22 years. He had a 17-year career in retail buying for a leading department store with a focus on menswear.
Karl Bentley
A few years ago, Karl decided he needed more time with his family, so he built a workshop in his garden and retrained as an upholsterer. Discerning clients have been quick to recognise Karl's careful work and attention to detail.
He found the Indigo Invitational through the Raw Denim Facebook group (a non-pretentious hivemind of denim enthusiasts), and he immediately signed up, eager to put a pair through its paces.
He also wanted to go head to head with some of the fade heavyweights in the competition. There's no shortage of formidable competitors in the Indigo Invitational, and Karl thinks he's got a winning fade recipe.
This starts, of course, with the right pair of jeans. After some research, Karl settled on a pair of SOSO Brothers (18 oz. Deep Indigo Samurai, triple-stitched, with camo pocket bags).
He had heard a lot of good things about Iron Heart and some of the other Japanese brands, but he wasn't prepared to make that big price-point leap.
SOSO offered a bevy of details and customizing options. Best of all was the high-contrast fade potential (which he's highlighted with his fades).
Karl's taking these SOSOs to Stack City
Karl's fades (particularly his stacks) have turned heads inside and outside of the competition. The jeans were a little looser than he expected, but the extra denim below the knees has turned out to be a blessing in disguise.
He held out as long as he could, finally washing them on day 88 (more out of boredom, he says, than necessity).
His eye-popping fades are the result of hours and hours in the workshop, where the heat and humidity are off the charts. He airs the jeans out at the end of each day, letting them dry in the sun. The result is stiff accordion-like stacks like nothing else in the competition.
He's got one more secret ingredient. Karl would normally do most of his work on one of three tables at standing height in his workshop, but he wants to bend and crease his denim as much as possible, so he's doing the majority of his work on the floor.
Few people can match this level of denim dedication.
Louis Bosco – @louisbosco
Louis (27) hails from Perth, Australia, where he's a retail manager by day and a budding denim enthusiast by night.
Louis Bosco
He joined the Indigo Invitational hoping to connect with other like-minded denim enthusiasts and share the year-long experience of fading a single pair of jeans.
He took the rather unusual step of letting the denim community decide what kind of jeans he should fade. When the votes were tabulated, surprisingly, the winning pair came not from Japan but from Northern China: Red Cloud R400 (17 oz. Turpan cotton, twisted yarn twill).
Louis's Red Cloud R400
When it comes to fading tips, Louis says that it's all about keeping it simple:
"Just wear them normally like you would any other pants. Just let the fades come naturally. Denim evolves with each individual wearer—that's what makes it unique. Just be patient and let that evolution happen."
Stephen Snider – @denim_rambler
Asked to describe himself in four words, Stephen Snider (38) gave us the following: multipotentialite, philomath, coddiwomple, and bibliophile.
Stephen Snider outfitted for adventure
The fade scene veteran grew up in a military family. His father was a great military leader with a passion for people, math, and languages; his mother was, he says, a mix of Marilyn Monroe and the lady who drove the magic school bus (add equal parts beauty, insight, and humour and stir vigorously).
She shared with him her passion for adventure, and it was catching—it streaked across his life, he says, "like a blazing meteorite."
He served in the United States Air Force Reserves for 6 years, and, after that, spent 15 years in the Fire Service. "I've extinguished more fires, delivered more babies, and been with more people in their final moments than I can count," he says.
Today, he lives in Delta Junction, Alaska (where the ALCAN ends), and he works in occupational safety and health.
His transparent passion for adventure means that what the future holds for Snider is far from certain. All he knows for sure is that he will have fun in the years ahead and endeavor to have a positive impact on people, processes, policies, and programs.
He also wants to continue learning. He already has a few degrees, and he's in the last year of his doctorate, but his education, he says, won't stop there.
While some Indigo Invitational competitors are making adjustments so they can wear denim every day, Snider already does this, so the competition was a natural fit for him.
He says that the Indigo Invitational is less a competition than it is a "cool opportunity for a diverse group of people to take a denim journey together." We couldn't agree more.
Snider was a late entrant. He had a perfect pair in mind for the competition, and he knew that his hard-wearing lifestyle would more than make up for the lost time.
He's wearing what will surely be remembered as this season's hottest collaborations: the Okayama Denim x Pure Blue Japan ODPBJ002 (18 oz., Kakishibu weft, leather patch designed by Nathan Spoor and hand-painted by Mike Falkner of Wild Frontier Goods).
Snider's ODxPBJ Kakishibus
Snider is a big fan of all the brands involved, but he's particularly keen to support Merv of Okayama Denim—one of the denim scene's most passionate visionaries (he and Snider have this vision and passion in common).
Snider says, "When you wear denim, your life imprints onto them—they become a reflection of who you are." The attention to detail (dye, weft, threading, etc.) that is so common in this scene is, he says, all about clarifying this reflection so that what we wear on the outside is a more perfect match for who we are on the inside.
Want fades like Snider's? Hike 100 miles a month through some of the most beautiful and harshest environments this planet has to offer. "Everything beautiful in life," he says, "is born from either pain or time, or both. Denim is no different."
Fade on, brother rambler.
Love denim and fades? Join the competition!
The Indigo Invitational started as a small group of enthusiasts who wanted an excuse to buy a new pair of denim and to see how far they could push themselves and each other.
There are thousands of dollars worth of prizes, but this is just the gravy. The meat underneath is a tight-knit community of enthusiasts held together by a mutual love of fades.
If this sounds like something you want to participate in, join the Facebook group, follow the competition's updates on Instagram and visit indigoinvitational.com.
Want to make sure you never miss a post? Sign up for Denimhunters' email newsletter.
EdwinIndigo InvitationalIron HeartNaked & FamousNobrandedonOkayama DenimPure Blue JapanRed Cloud & CoSoSo Brothers
Author Bryan Szabo
Bryan Szabo, wordsmith, strummer, and founder of the Indigo Invitational Fade Competition, is a dyed in the warp and weft denim enthusiast. His mission: To educate newcomers to the world of raw denim on some of the finer points of buying, wearing, and fading denim.
Working for a Japanese Jeans Maker with Rocktransformed (S02E06)
Fable or Fact? Examining 3 Common Raw Denim Myths
3 Reasons You Should Join the Indigo Invitational for Year 2 (with Bryan Szabo)
Blue Blooded Q&A: Shane Brandenburg
Why We Need a Denim Fading Competition (with Bryan Szabo)


Stephen Beckta. I'd heard the name for years, always used synonymously with fine dining in Ottawa, Ontario. His restaurants, Beckta dining & wine and Play food & wine, had won a slew of awards and generated a lot of buzz, in the city and beyond. But it wasn't until he opened his third restaurant, Gezellig, that I really got a taste of what Stephen (Steve) is all about.
Gezellig's opening coincided with the start of my planning for the upcoming fundraiser Wide Open: Kickass Canadian Photographs for CARE. It was also the new place of work for chef de cuisine Che Chartrand, whom I'd met during his days as owner/chef at Chez Eric in Wakefield, Quebec. Che introduced me via email to Steve, who happily offered Gezellig gift certificates for the silent auction.
Right away, I was impressed. Steve was warm, friendly and totally accessible. When I went in to collect the donation, he greeted me himself and made sure I had what I needed for the fundraiser. He also talked excitedly about the charitable organization he's passionate about—the Boys and Girls Club of Ottawa, for which he's sat on the Board of Directors since 2011.
After that meeting, I knew Steve belonged on this website. As successful as his businesses are, and as delicious his food is (which I finally got to sample over the holidays at Gezellig—and by the way, their dense, scrumptious house-made bread is like nothing I've ever tasted), what is most extraordinary about Steve is his obvious commitment to sincere, caring service.
One of the many things that sets Steve apart is a strong internal compass that he seems to trust readily, regardless of what direction others may take. While his classmates at Ottawa's Cairine Wilson Secondary School focused on the usual homework-friends-activities, teenage Steve spent 40 to 50 hours a week working at various restaurants in the city. First as a busboy, then moving on to serve and cook, he spent time at "all kinds of non-fine dining establishments," including Malibu Jack's, Peter Martin's, Yesterday's, Dunn's Deli and O'toole's. He loved the family dynamic among his co-workers and he savoured the freedom of having his own income.
He never went back. (Although he did eventually receive a high school diploma in 2011 from the current principal at Cairine Wilson, who decided Steve had earned his final credit based on "real-world life experience.") Instead, he worked his way through the Ottawa restaurant scene, until "I had a bad breakup and then basically ran away to Europe for six or seven months," he says.
As it turns out, the breakup was one of the best things that ever happened to him.
What happened was this: He got a job in Amsterdam doing sales for American comedy theatre Boom Chicago. They were so impressed by Steve that they asked him to come back the following season as their Food and Operations Manager. "Suddenly, I'm 20 years old and I'm running a 220-seat American comedy theatre in Amsterdam," he says.
He was also falling in love with the European culture that embraced togetherness and the simple, intimate act of sharing food in good company. It was a discovery that would ultimately shape his career and cement his success.
After his second stint in Amsterdam, Steve returned to Ottawa and its many restaurants. While he was working at the Ritz 3 on Nepean Street—in the very location that would become home to his flagship restaurant, Beckta dining & wine—a friend told him about the sommelier program at Algonquin College, and right away his attention was piqued. "It sounded like something fun, and I thought it could really help me with my career going forward, so I signed up," he says.
Steve describes his two years at Algonquin as "a great experience, with many wonderful teachers who taught me a lot." The admiration is clearly mutual; in 2010, he was named Alumnus of the Year and invited to give the college's convocation address.
At the 2010 Algonquin College convocation, Scotiabank Place, Ottawa, Ont.
Nearing his 1998 graduation, serendipity once again played its hand. Steve attended the wedding of some friends he'd made in Amsterdam and met a woman from Manhattan who caught his eye. They hit it off, and so, armed with his résumé, plus an exciting job offer from renowned chef Daniel Boulud (courtesy of his connection to celebrated New York City food writers Karen Page and Andrew Dorenberg), Steve joined his new lady friend in the Big Apple.
"And the rest is history," says Steve. He spent four years working at some of the top restaurants in Manhattan, including Café Boulud and Eleven Madison Park, with Danny Meyer.
Then, once Steve had absorbed the knowledge he needed to excel as a restaurateur in his own right, fate decided he was ready to return home. Four years after the wedding that led him to New York, he attended another wedding where he met Ottawa's Maureen Cunningham. Smitten, he moved back home to be with her—but only after honouring a previous commitment to spend two weeks learning under the management of Alain Ducasse (among others) in Paris, France. "Our phone bill was kind of crazy," says Steve.
After Paris, it was back to Ottawa and down to business. Steve married Maureen in 2003, the same year he opened Beckta dining & wine.
"Beckta was sort of a compilation of all of the ideas that I had come up with or seen that I loved along the years," says Steve. "A lot of it was based on my experiences in New York. Each of my restaurants has its raison d'être, and with Beckta, it was making fine dining approachable in Ottawa. Instead of it being boring and staid and formal, we wanted to make it really fun and interesting and accessible." Hence the restaurant's trademark personable service and approach to the fine dining menu, which included tasting menus, canapés and petit fours—items that were a rarity in Ottawa when Beckta opened.
As it turns out, there was quite an appetite for that kind of place. Steve's restaurant drew rave reviews from The Globe and Mail, National Post, Ottawa Citizen, The Montreal Gazette and The New York Times, earning points for serving up hospitality and customer service that were every bit as exceptional as its cooking.
Two weeks after opening, enRoute Magazine rated Beckta dining & wine the fourth-best new restaurant in Canada. It has received nine consecutive CAA/AAA four-diamond awards, and was named the #1 restaurant in the city by Ottawa Magazine in 2006, 2007 and 2008. Steve and his team also won the prestigious Gold Medal Plates competition in 2007. Beckta remains the most award-winning restaurant in the nation's capital.
Steve himself has earned plenty of recognition as well. He was named Top Independent Restaurateur in Ontario by the Ontario Hostelry Institute (2007) and one of Ottawa's Top 40 under 40 by the Ottawa Business Journal (2008), and was chosen twice as one of Ottawa Life Magazine's Top 50 people (2003, 2010). He also won the Bill Joe Restaurateur of the Year Award from the Ontario Restaurant Hotel & Motel Association (2011), and was nominated twice for the Ontario Premier's Awards in Business (2006, 2010).
But Steve has never been one to rest on his laurels. While making a huge success of Beckta dining & wine, not to mention welcoming son Seanan along the way, Steve started making plans for his sophomore restaurant.
The recipe worked. Thanks to Mike's inventive cooking, the team picked up another Gold Medal Plates victory, this time in 2010.
Gezellig also features fabulous sharing plates, extraordinary bread baked onsite every day, and a fun, diverse and accessible wine list dreamed up by Steve's gifted sommelier and General Manager, Grayson McDiarmid.
Since opening in November 2012, Gezellig has drawn glowing reviews from critics and foodies alike. As with Steve's first two restaurants, Gezellig stands out not only for its food but also for its exemplary hospitality—something I noticed the minute I set foot in the building.
It's a great recipe for success, but he left out a key ingredient: An exceptional leader.
Leadership is something Steve knows a lot about. He seems to have an innate gift for it, but there's more to it than that. Outside of the restaurant business, politics is his true passion. His leisure reading time is spent almost exclusively on biographies of American presidents and other politicians, or boning up on the politics sections in The Globe and Mail and The New York Times.
But it doesn't mean he's ready to switch career paths just yet. For now, he says he's happy "serving all the politicos who come into the restaurants for dinner or lunch." Those politicos include Prime Minister Stephen Harper, former Prime Minister Jean Chrétien, Minister of Finance Jim Flaherty, Minister of Foreign Affairs John Baird and of course the totally kickass Rick Mercer.
All politics aside, as Steve continues to lead his exceptional teams at Beckta, Play and Gezellig, he'll keep his focus on food and hospitality—simple pleasures that he hopes Ottawans, Canadians, North Americans can learn to better relish and enjoy. It's a wish that goes back to his time in Europe, when his eyes were opened to a culture that truly values the good things in life.
Who better to create that feeling than a man as warm and caring as Steve himself?
For the latest on Steve, follow him on LinkedIn and @stevebeckta on Twitter, or email sbeckta@beckta.com.
A terrific article! That's the Steve Beckta I have come to know.
Thanks Bill! I wrote an Ottawa Life Magazine article on Sonja Smits and Closson Chase awhile back—it sounds like a wonderful place! Congrats on your first year there.
Local boy does good! Way to go Stephen & Maureen!
Today I listened to an interview with Stephen for The Extraordinary Leader program's monthly interview of a master of leadership. I hung on Stephen's every word, as he provided his secrets of success – being a caring, hospitable host and employer. He is very generous with his acknowledgement of the people and circumstances that have shaped his life and businesses. I can hardly wait for my next visit to Ottawa to experience his restaurants.
Lawrence, thanks for your comment. And for flagging Stephen's new interview – I'll check it out. Enjoy your next Beckta meal!


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text:
Q: PowerPoint openxml - add outline to textbox (Update: self-answered, below)
Using VS2013 Premium, asp.net. vb.net, website, win7
Using the OpenXML SDK and the OpenXML Productivity Tool
I have a dictionary of class objects which describe graphic shapes (rectangles, arrows, text boxes) by position and text content. I use the class objects to create shapes in a blank PowerPoint presentation. The shapes show up in the correct positions with the correct text.  However, I can't figure out how to change some of the styling, starting with the textbox outline style "solid & dark" or "none".
Overall mechanics:

*

*started with a PowerPoint 2013 document with one slide with one shape

*used the Productivity Tool to reflect the PPTX to C#, converted that to VB.Net, put it in a class in my project (again, website)

*located the place in the code where the shape was added to the slide shape tree

*replaced that code with a function call to a class that imports the dictionary, translates the dictionary's class objects into openxml shapes, and adds the shapes to the shape tree.
That all works fine.
However, some of the shapes are graphic rectangles which need outlines, and others are text boxes that don't.  Again, I can't figure out how to modify the outlines on the textboxes.
This is a test setup which illustrates the problem (although as an openxml newb, I could be missing some very large obvious piece).
Starting point:  create a PPTX with a textbox without an outline;  copy it; in the PPTX copy add an outline to the textbox, take a look in PowerPoint, and see the comparison below:

Compare the two documents in the OpenXML Productivity Tool, looking at the difference in the XML, and reflect the corresponding code:

Open the PPTX with the textbox without the outline in the Productivity Tool, and reflect the full code required to generate that entire PPTX.  Put that code in a class in a new website project.  Create a webform that will execute that code on page load.
Locate where the textbox is added to the shapetree, and where the shapeproperties are created for the shape.  Add the differential code that is supposed to add the outline to the textbox, so that the outline is added to the shapeproperties:

Run it with the code active and inactive (using the If statement) and take a look at the resulting PPTX's:
PPTX with textbox without the outline:

PPTX with textbox with the outline (notice: no shape at all)

Then open and compare the new output PPTX's in the Productivity Tool:
("without outline" on the left, "with outline" on the right)

The comparative XML of the output documents looks the same as it did in the comparison of the starting input documents, however, the output PPT that should have the shape with outline shows nothing.  Strangely, the XML shows that the shape is in that PPTX, but it does not show in the PowerPoint client.
Any help with understanding how to add the outline to some of the textboxes, arrows and rectangles and not others would be appreciated.

A: The answer came from a different angle.  Another element of the ShapeProperties object is the PresetGeometry , which has a ShapeTypeValue
Dim presetGeometry1 As A.PresetGeometry = Nothing
presetGeometry1 = New A.PresetGeometry() With { _
                        .Preset = A.ShapeTypeValues.Rectangle}
shapeProperties1.Append(presetGeometry1)

While experimenting, I discovered that textboxes do not require ANY preset geometry.
I rewrote the code to not add the PresetGeometry for the textboxes, then set the applicable theme style to have a "dark, solid" outline instead of "no outline".  The rectangles appear with outlines according to the theme, and the textboxes appear where they should, without outlines.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
The Monthly Mirror: Reflecting Men and Manners: With Strictures ..., Volumen14
MONTHLY MIRROR,
A PORTRAIT OF MISS POPE, OF DRURY-LANE THEATRE, ENGRAVED BY RIDLEY,
FROM A FINE PAINTING.
toms .....
False Alarms in Places of Public
Amusement...............
Retrospect of New Performers.
Mr. Collins
Stirbitch
News, &c.
Mr. Stephen Kemble
Mr. Hardinge
Miss Marriott ...................
Miss Reeve.................................................................. ib.
259 ib.
PRINTED FOR THE PROPRIETORS,
By J. Wright, No. 20, Denmark-Court, Strand,
And published by VERNOR and HOOD in the Poultry;
Sold, also, by all the Booksellers ja
1 the United Kingdom.
The Portrait of Mrs. Litchfield not being in sufficient readiness for this Number, we have presented our Readers with that of Miss POPE; the former will appear in No. LXXXV.
Intended for our next, if possible.
Lines to a Young Woman, by Mr. GEORGE BLOOMFIELD.
The Essay on Milton, continued; by MORTIMER.
A Syllabus of the Stoic Philosophy, by the same.
New System of Heraldry, No. V. from Churchill's Rosciad.
The following are reserved for insertion at the first convenient opportunity.
Sonnet to Maria, on her Return from the Country; by LORENZO.
Sonnet, supposed to be written by Mary Queen of Scots; J. B. (Liverpool.)
Lines to Content, by CASATOR, (Chester.)
REJECTED. The Epigrams by J. T. P. and PHILO; Sonnet to Higeia, by J. W. S. Ann the Wanderer, by HENRY; the Pupil of Content by R. T. O.
We have not yet had an opportunity of reading First Love; but the author shall be attended to.
The characters to which EPHEBUS (Leeds) has appropriated Mottos, are too local for our purpose; and, for the same reason, we cannot judge of the suitableness of their application.
The letters of an OBSERVING LOUNGER (Plymouth) and an AMATEUR (Glasgow) are under consideration.
PERCIVAL'S Extracts will be acceptable.
A small volume of poems will shortly appear, containing an Essay on War, in blank verse, and Honington Green, &c. in rhyme, written by Mr. Nathaniel Bloomfield, brother to the author of the Farmer's Boy.
Also, a sixth edition of Mr. Pratt's Foreign "Gleanings," through Wales, Holland, and Westphalia; and likewise the third, which is to be the closing volume of the Gleanings in England, with new editions of volumes the 1st and 2nd, the whole printed in a uniform manner, so as to accommodate the public with complete sets of the whole work, in six volumes, or of the foreign and domestic di visions separately.
ASTRONOMICAL NOTICE, which was received too late to be inserted in its proper place.
On the 9th Nov. a little before sun-rise (being 8 D. 18 H. 29 M. Astr. T.) Mercury will enter (according to the Nant. Alm.) 14 min. S. of the Sun's Centre, and go off 34 min. N. The Transit ends at Noon.
There being of late fewer Spots on that Hemisphere of the Sun which will then present itself, than on the side now turned to us, it may be less difficult to distinguish Mercury from one of them. He will appear like a small one, and the quickness of his Motion will be one very good mean of ascertaining him. An Opera-Glass, with a compound Sun-Glass to give a white Image of the Sun, will be the best for the Observation.
Buck pinx
MISS POPE
Ridley Sc
Pub by Vernor & Hood 31. Poultry, Oct. 31, 1802.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF
MISS POPE.
With a Portrait.
MISS POPE is the daughter of a creditable tradesman, who resided in the neighbourhood of Drury-Lane theatre. Of the manner in which she passed the period of infancy we have no knowledge. Her regular debût took place on the Drury-Lane stage, on the 27th of o&. 1759, in the character of Corinna, in the Confederacy; but she had before appeared, while a child, in Miss in her Teens, Lethe, Lilliput, &c.
Her reception was equal to her warmest hopes, and in a very short time she established her fame as an actress of the first order. Mrs. Clive was among the foremost to notice and encourage the exertions of Miss Pope, who had paid particular attention to the performances of that favourite child of humour, and at her death was acknowledged by the public as her legitimate successor. Churchill does justice to Miss Pope's early merit in the following lines. With all the native vigour of sixteen, Among the merry troop conspicuous seen, See lively Pope advance in jig, and trip Corinna, Cherry, Honey-combe, and Snip; Not without art, but yet to nature true, She charms the town with humour just, yet new: Cheer'd by her promise, we the less deplore, The fatal time when Clive shall be no more.
The Rosciad appeared in 1761, and from that time down to the present day, Miss Pope has, uninterruptedly, maintained her rank in [Drury Lane theatre, where she never appears without a welcome of applause from the audience; and continuing in full possession of her powers, always succeeds in gaining the approbation of every sound critic, and genuine admirer of the comic Muse.
By the prudent management of a good salary, Miss Pope has acquired a handsome independence, the just reward of her talents and industry; but what is still more to her credit, her private character has been so uniformly unexceptionable that even the scandal of a theatre has never ventured to cast a stain upon it. We sincerely hope that the day is far distant which will 'deprive the stage of so distinguished an ornament.


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YouTube personality, Graham Baates, gives us a video review of the Canik TP9 DA Handgun from Century Arms.
USA – -(Ammoland.com)- Adding to the ever-expanding lineup of TP9 pistol options from Canik and Century Arms is the new DA model.
So far we've seen TP9s for the budget conscious, for the basic shooter, competitive shooter, and now one filling the unique niche of those wanting a DA/SA option in a striker-fired gun.
This is not a new technology and is best known from the Walther P99 and it's licensed cousin the Magnum Research MR9 we reviewed earlier this year.
Like the rest of the TP9 design cues borrow heavily from Walther. As a Walther fan I believe imitation is flattery and am happy to see more of Dr. Dallhammer's ideas in the US market.
The Canik TP9 DA Handgun however is not a complete clone and offers it's own twists. Major differences are the button magazine release and increased capacity of 18+1 instead of the Walther's 15+1 or 16+1.
Before going any further the three trigger modes warrant discussion. They each have a role and the operator has their choice of how to use the handgun. See the video below with the link set to skip directly to that demonstration.
I have been carrying a Walther P99 for years specifically because of that trigger system. Personally, I prefer a double-action first pull, especially with a reset so short and light. Some of you may disagree, and that's ok. I've spent hundreds of hours in training and fought in two wars. I know how I want to run my gun. To see this gun running watch the shooting impressions video below.
As you can see there is little not to like about the Canik TP9 DA Handgun. If you don't like the color we tested, don't worry, there are other options.
I hear that you know how you want your gun to run. But, you are probably in the 90th percentile in terms of experience and training. Selling this gun to someone who will not train or practice like a professional raises the question of "cooonfuuuusion" over how the trigger is going to work this time. I'm an instructor, competitor, and shoot at least once a week and I want my gun to run the same way every time. In a stress situation, be it real life or a match, I want consistency; placement on my belt, placement in my hand, length and type of trigger pull, same sight alignment and picture. Now I don't care if a person wants something different from what I want. But whatever he chooses to use, if he can, it should be the same each time he reaches for his lifeline.
I agree with this, 100%. I remember a classmate of mine always had a hard time making hits with his shotgun and he always wondered why another buddy and I were better with a 20 ga new englander and a mossberg turkey special at the clay range. It was simple they were all we had and so we shot them as is for everything. He was aways change chokes per activity, never allowing himself to get use to any particular setup. Another scenario: a new shooter from work was unhappy with how he was shooting, kept claiming it as the factory trigger setup and he was going to change the trigger set up. I invited him to come shoot with me before he did. In a matter of hours with coaching, he went from 12″ groups to 2″ with the same setup. Personally my opinion is except for initial fit, its always 90% skill and 10% gear. And skill is only gained through practice.


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Hey, Muskies, are you ready for a night of some rock & roll?
Join Lakeland faculty, staff, students and alumni for Lakeland Night on Thursday, Aug. 10, at the John Michael Kohler Arts Center in downtown Sheboygan during the Levitt AMP Sheboygan Music Series.
The first 100 people who visit the Lakeland tent who are wearing Lakeland University/College apparel will get a free drink ticket!
The headliner is the Banditos whose unique sound is a great mix of '60s blues-fused acid rock, ZZ Top's jangly boogie, garage punk, the Drive-By Truckers' yawp, the populist choogle of CCR, Slim Harpo's hip shake baby groove, the ebullient folk of electric Dylan, gut bucket Fat Possum hill country mojo and the Georgia Satellites. Check them out here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dKSC3-WLjYg.
The grounds open at 5:30 p.m. and the free show gets underway with Listening Party at 6 p.m. A variety of food trucks will provide plenty of dinner options. Learn more about the Levitt AMP series here: http://concerts.levittamp.org/sheboygan.
Help us celebrate summer, Muskies style!


text:
Fundusze Promocji Produktów Rolno-Spożywczych – środki wsparcia finansowego na działania informacyjno-promocyjne, prowadzone przez stowarzyszenia branżowe i handlowe, mające na celu pomoc w rozwoju ich działalności.

Regulacje europejskie w sprawie działań informacyjnych i promocyjnych produktów rolnych z 2000 r.
Rozporządzeniem Rady (WE) z 2000 r. w sprawie działań informacyjnych i promocyjnych dotyczących produktów rolnych na rynku wewnętrznym przyjęto, że Wspólnota może finansować w całości lub częściowo działania informacyjne i promocyjne dotyczące produktów rolnych i metod ich produkcji oraz produktów spożywczych. Działania nie mogą być ukierunkowane na konkretną markę ani zachęcać do konsumpcji produktu ze względu na jego określone pochodzenie. Przepis nie wyklucza możliwości podawania pochodzenia produktu objętego działaniami w przypadku nazw nadawanych na mocy przepisów wspólnotowych.

Działania informacyjne i promocyjne obejmowały:
 działania związane z public relations, promocją i reklamą, które w szczególności koncentrują się na istotnych cechach i zaletach wspólnotowych produktów, w szczególności ich jakości i bezpieczeństwie, specyfice metod produkcji, wartości odżywczej i zdrowotnej, etykietowaniu, wysokich standardach ochrony zwierząt i poszanowaniu środowiska;
 uczestnictwo w pokazach, targach i wystawach o znaczeniu krajowym bądź europejskim mające na celu polepszenie wizerunku produktów wspólnotowych;
 programy informacyjne, dotyczące w szczególności systemów wspólnotowych obejmujących chronioną nazwę pochodzenia (PDO), chronione oznaczenie geograficzne (PGI), tradycyjne specjalności gwarantowane (GTS), produkcję ekologiczną, etykietowania oraz innych symboli graficznych określonych w ustawodawstwie, w szczególności dla odległych regionów geograficznych;
 programy informacyjne dotyczące wspólnotowych systemów odnoszących się do jakości win produkowanych w określonych regionach (win o kontrolowanej jakości, posiadających geograficzne oznaczenie miejsca pochodzenia), win mających oznaczenie geograficzne oraz napojów spirytusowych mających oznaczenie geograficzne lub zastrzeżone tradycyjne oznaczenie;
 badania mające na celu dokonanie oceny wyników działań informacyjnych i promocyjnych.

Do celów promocji na rynku wewnętrznym Komisja określiła procedury określające założenia strategiczne, które zawierają ogólne wskazania dotyczące:
 określenie celów i ukierunkowania działań;
 wskazania jednego lub więcej tematów będących podmiotem wybranych środków;
 przyjęcie rodzaju działań, jakie mają zostać podjęte;
 wskazanie okresu obowiązującego programu;
 określenie orientacyjnego rozdzielenia środków finansowych, stanowiących wkład w rozbiciu na rynki i rodzaj środków działania, sumy dostępnej jako wkład Wspólnoty w program.

Regulacje europejskie w sprawie działań informacyjnych i promocyjnych produktów rolnych z 2007 r.
W rozporządzeniu Rady (WE) z 2007 r. w sprawie działań informacyjnych i promocyjnych dotyczących produktów rolnych rozszerzono regulacje o kraje trzecie. Decyzja o rozszerzenie promocji na kraje trzecie wynikała ze zdobytego doświadczenia, perspektywy rozwoju sytuacji na rynku zarówno wewnątrz Wspólnoty, jak i poza nią, a także nowego kontekstu handlu międzynarodowego.

Nowe działania informacyjne i promocyjne obejmowały:
 działania związane z kreowaniem wizerunku firmy, promocją i reklamą, które w szczególności podkreślają istotne cechy i zalety produktów wspólnotowych, zwłaszcza w zakresie jakości i bezpieczeństwa artykułów spożywczych, specyfiki metod produkcji, wartości odżywczych i zdrowotnych, etykietowania, dobrostanu zwierząt i poszanowania środowiska;
 kampanie informacyjne, dotyczące w szczególności systemów wspólnotowych obejmujących chronioną nazwę pochodzenia (AOP), chronione oznaczenie geograficzne (IGP), tradycyjne specjalności gwarantowane (STG) i produkcję ekologiczną, a także innych systemów wspólnotowych dotyczących norm jakości i etykietowania produktów rolnych i artykułów spożywczych oraz innych symboli graficznych określonych w mających zastosowanie przepisach prawa wspólnotowego; - działania informacyjne dotyczące wspólnotowych systemów odnoszących się do jakości win produkowanych w określonych regionach (win o kontrolowanej jakości, posiadających geograficzne oznaczenie miejsca pochodzenia), win mających oznaczenie geograficzne oraz napojów spirytusowych mających oznaczenie geograficzne lub zastrzeżone tradycyjne oznaczenie;
 badania mające na celu dokonanie oceny wyników działań informacyjnych i promocyjnych.

Kampanie promocyjne poświęcone europejskim produktom rolnym miały otwierać nowe możliwości rynkowe dla unijnych rolników i przemysłu spożywczego, jak również pomagać im w rozwoju prowadzonej przez nich działalności.

Istniały trzy rodzaje działań promocyjnych:
 prowadzone przez europejskie stowarzyszenia handlowe i branżowe, współfinansowane przez UE;
 prowadzone bezpośrednio przez samą UE, z. inicjatywy dyplomatycznej komisarzy w państwach spoza UE, na rzecz rozwoju handlu produktami rolno-spożywczymi,
 udział w targach oraz kampanie informacyjne.

Regulacje europejskie w sprawie działań informacyjnych i promocyjnych produktów rolnych z 2014 r.
Rozporządzeniem Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady z 2014 r. dokonano nowelizacji rozporządzenia Rady (WE) z 2007 roku. W rozporządzeniu ustalono, że celem głównym działań informacyjnych i promocyjnych jest zwiększenie konkurencyjności unijnego sektora rolnego.

Celami szczegółowymi działań informacyjnych i promocyjnych było:
 podniesienie wiedzy o zaletach unijnych produktów rolnych i wysokich standardach stosowanych w Unii do metod produkcji;
 zwiększenie konkurencyjności i spożycia unijnych produktów rolnych i niektórych artykułów spożywczych oraz zwiększenie ich widoczności zarówno w Unii Europejskiej, jak i poza nią;
 podniesienie wiedzy o unijnych systemach jakości i ich lepsza rozpoznawalność;
 zwiększenie udziału unijnych produktów rolnych i niektórych artykułów spożywczych w rynku, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem rynków w państwach trzecich o największym potencjale wzrostu;
 przywrócenie normalnych warunków rynkowych w przypadku poważnych zakłóceń na rynku, utraty zaufania konsumentów lub innych szczególnych problemów.

Działania informacyjne i promocyjne miały służyć:
 podkreślaniu specyfiki metod unijnej produkcji rolnej, w szczególności w odniesieniu do bezpieczeństwa żywności, identyfikowalności, autentyczności, oznakowaniu, wartości odżywczych i zdrowotnych, dobrostanu zwierząt, poszanowaniu środowiska i zrównoważonego charakteru oraz cech produktów rolnych i środków spożywczych, zwłaszcza w zakresie ich jakości, smaku, różnorodności lub tradycji;
 podnoszeniu wiedzy o autentyczności europejskich chronionych oznaczeń pochodzenia, chronionych oznaczeń geograficznych oraz gwarantowanych tradycyjnych specjalności.
 działania te powinny polegać w szczególności na działaniach public relations oraz kampaniach informacyjnych i mogą również przyjmować formę uczestnictwa w wydarzeniach, targach i wystawach o znaczeniu krajowym, europejskim i międzynarodowym.

Główne zasady unijnej polityki promocji produktów rolno-spożywczych dotyczyły:
 unijnego poziomu finansowania do 70% kosztów kwalifikowalnych w przypadku programów prostych realizowanych na rynku wewnętrznym UE;
 do 80% – w przypadku programów prostych, realizowanych na rynkach krajów trzecich oraz w przypadku programów, w których uczestniczy wiele państw;
 do 85% – przy udziale UE w finansowaniu programów kryzysowych.

Właściwości krajowej ustawy o funduszach promocji produktów rolno-spożywczych z 2009 r.
Ustawa z 2009 r. o funduszach promocji produktów rolno-spożywczych regulowała tworzenie, zadania, zasady finansowania, organizację i funkcjonowanie funduszy promocji.

Tworzone fundusze miały na celu wspieranie działań zmierzających do przywrócenie normalnych warunków rynkowych w sytuacji, gdy powstały poważne zakłócenia na rynku, gdy zachodziła obawa utrata zaufania konsumentów lub przy innych szczególnych problemach związanych z rynkiem rolnym.

Fundusze promocji miały na celu wspierania marketingu rolnego, a ponadto realizować inne ważne działania dla sektora rolno-spożywczego.

Wśród innych celów i zadań funduszy promocji produktów rolno-spożywczych wymieniano:
 wspieranie działań mających na celu informowania o jakości i cechach produktów rolno-spożywczych;
 wspieranie udziału w wystawach i targach związanych z daną branżą;
 wspieranie badań naukowych i prac rozwojowych, mających na celu poprawę jakości produktów rolno-spożywczych, prowadzących do wzrostu spożycia;
 prowadzenie szkoleń producentów i przetwórców w zakresie ich specjalizacji;
 wspierania działalności krajowych organizacji branżowych, w tym przedstawicieli, biorących udział w pracach specjalistycznych stałych i roboczych komitetów organizacji międzynarodowych lub będących członkami stałych organów tych organizacji, zajmującymi się problemami rynku produktów rolno-spożywczych.

Rodzaje funduszy promocji produktów rolno-spożywczych
W celu wspieranie marketingu, wzrostu spożycia i promocji produktów rolno-spożywczych utworzono następujące fundusz promocji:
 Fundusz Promocji Mleka;
 Fundusz Promocji Mięsa Wieprzowego;
 Fundusz Promocji Mięsa Wołowego;
 Fundusz Promocji Mięsa Końskiego;
 Fundusz Promocji Mięsa Owczego;
 Fundusz Promocji Ziarna Zbóż i Przetworów Zbożowych;
 Fundusz Promocji Owoców i Warzyw;
 Fundusz Promocji Mięsa Drobiowego;
 Fundusz Promocji Ryb;
 Fundusz Promocji Roślin Oleistych.

Finansowanie funduszy promocji produktów rolno-spożywczych
Do wpłat na fundusz promocji zobowiązane są wszystkie podmioty funkcjonujące w sferze produktów rolno-spożywczych, przy czym stawki płatności były zróżnicowane, w tym:
 na fundusz mleka wpłaty dokonują podmioty skupujące mleko, w wysokości 0,001 zł od każdego skupionego kilograma mleka;
 wpłaty na fundusze promocyjne naliczane są w wysokości 0,1% wartości netto, od następujących rzeczy ruchomych, będących przedmiotem czynności podlegających opodatkowaniu podatkiem od towarów i usług, w tym – świnie żywe, bydło i cielęta żywe, konie żywe, owce żywe, zboża, owoce i warzywa, drób żywy, ryby – które zwane zostały dalej "towarami".

Obwieszczenie Marszałka Sejmu w sprawie funduszy promocji produktów rolno-spożywczych z 2021 r.
Obsługę funduszy promocji produktów rolno-spożywczych prowadzi Dyrektor Generalny Krajowego Ośrodka Wsparcia Rolnictwa, który:
 dysponuje środkami funduszy promocji na podstawie uchwał komisji zarządzających,
 zapewnia obsługę prawną oraz techniczno-biurową funduszy i komisji,
 sporządza sprawozdania z wykonania planu finansowego funduszy,
 ustala w drodze decyzji wysokości wpłat na Fundusz Promocji Mleka,
 odmawia realizacji uchwał komisji zarządzających niezgodnych z przepisami prawa.

Uwagi

Przypisy

Rolnictwo w Unii Europejskiej
Rolnictwo w Polsce