text:
The Himalayan Times > Nepal > Docs seek more protective equipment
Docs seek more protective equipment
Published: March 21, 2020 7:59 am On: Nepal
Kathmandu, March 20
The Nepal Medical Association has called on the government to make personal protective equipment available to health practitioners across the country, stating that lack of PPE has put lives of doctors and nurses, who are on the frontline of the fight against possible outbreak of coronavirus disease, at risk.
The call from NMA comes at a time when government has a stock of about 700 PPE that may not last a day if the number of coronavirus cases surges.
Photo: Skanda Gautam/THT
"Doctors and other health workers are preparing to deal with the situation of possible outbreak of the deadly disease. But they need sufficient PPE to protect themselves. Unless there is an assurance of personal safety, health practitioners will not be motivated to treat patients," said NMA President Lochan Karki.
At Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, for example, doctors are using safety equipment used during surgeries to protect themselves from possible coronavirus contamination. "We are doing this because we do not have PPE," said Prem Krishna Khadga, the hospital's executive director. "If this continues, health practitioners will turn into sources of infection. And there are examples of health practitioners getting infected across the world. If we are to protect our health workers, the government must provide adequate number of PPE as soon as possible."
Doctors fear that lack of safety gear, such as PPE, may encourage health practitioners to play truant in case of a crisis.
"Many health workers fear getting contaminated by coronavirus disease. So, proper counselling of the entire medical team is necessary," said Kedar Century, director, Bir Hospital, adding, "We have only given orientation to our staff on management of the disease, explaining what coronavirus disease is and its symptoms," said Kedar Century.
Any chance of contracting the infection will work as a disincentive for health practitioners, according to Karki. "So, proper counselling and refresher courses on treatment of patients during emergencies are necessary. Otherwise, health workers may flee when there is an emergency situation," said the head of the NMA, which has also urged the public not to visit hospitals unless there is an emergency and asked health workers and hospitals not to conduct any health camps to contain the possible spread of coronavirus disease.
The Department of Health Services has initiated the process of procuring 30,000 PPE. "They will be made available to public and private hospitals beginning Tuesday," said Bhogendra Dotel, director of Logistics Management Division at the department.
"We'll also ask donors to supply PPE and other kits," said Bikash Devkota, spokesperson for the Ministry of Health and Population.
A version of this article appears in print on March 21, 2020 of The Himalayan Times.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
44 And all who believed were together and fhad all things in common.
Ac 4:32 Ac 4:34 Ac 4:35 Mt 19:21
Acts 2:44 — The New International Version (NIV)
44 All the believers were together and had everything in common.
Acts 2:44 — King James Version (KJV 1900)
44 And all that believed were together, and had all things common;
Acts 2:44 — New Living Translation (NLT)
44 And all the believers met together in one place and shared everything they had.
Acts 2:44 — The New King James Version (NKJV)
44 Now all who believed were together, and had all things in common,
Acts 2:44 — New Century Version (NCV)
44 All the believers were together and shared everything.
Acts 2:44 — American Standard Version (ASV 1901)
Acts 2:44 — 1890 Darby Bible (DARBY)
44 And all that believed were together, and had all things common,
Acts 2:44 — GOD'S WORD Translation (GW)
44 All the believers kept meeting together, and they shared everything with each other.
Acts 2:44 — The Holman Christian Standard Bible (HCSB)
44 Now all the believers were together and held all things in common.
Acts 2:44 — The New Revised Standard Version (NRSV)
44 All who believed were together and had all things in common;
Acts 2:44 — The Lexham English Bible (LEB)
44 And all who believed were in the same place, and had everything in common.
Acts 2:44 — New International Reader's Version (NIrV)
44 All the believers were together. They shared everything they had.
Acts 2:44 — New American Standard Bible: 1995 Update (NASB95)
44 And all those who had believed were together and had all things in common;


Shirts With Random Triangles: LSU gets class of 2019 commitment from four-star OT prospect Kenyon Green.
LSU gets class of 2019 commitment from four-star OT prospect Kenyon Green.
Kenyon Green. Image via hudl.com.
The recruiting season for the class of 2017 is in its closing months, but it already has the fourth commitment for its 2019 recruiting class. Humble, Texas high school sophomore offensive tackle Kenyon Green announced his commitment to the Tigers on Sunday.
247Sports.com grades green as a four-star offensive tackle prospect. The recruiting site's Class of 2019 rankings lists Green at no. 8 among OT prospects, at no. 6 among prospects from the state of Texas, and at no. 75 in its national overall rankings.
Green attends Atascocita High School in Humble, Tx. He stands 6'5 and weighs 300 lbs.


Bealtane a cross quarter seasonal tide where the veil is thinnest as with the opposite sabbat on the wheel 'Samhain' A time for the Shee/little people or Fae to cross and when there are more of those things seen from the corner of your eye, along with the horned god and the May queen or Mother earth.
symbolic of bluebells, Lilacs, Marigolds, Meadowsweet, Woodruff, Daisy's, Almonds, Ash trees, Angelica, Cinquefoil, Frankincense, Oak and Ivy. This was my Summer altar 'Bealtane' from late last year in the southern hemisphere, shot in the morning See vlog links at the end of this post for the walk through in two parts. I kept this celebration up until the next – Lughnasadh.


I am surprised that no one has left a review of this yet! This sweatshirt fits true to size and personally I ordered mine a little larger for comfort. It is the most amazingly soft garment that I own and it feels like furry kittens on your body (no weirdness at all) Love it and I also enjoy people asking me….. "Ok, well what are you then…..?" Love your books Tarryn, they have completely taken over my life! Thank you!


text:
<!DOCTYPE html>

  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
  <title>Simple Test</title>

  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../jquery.jqplot.css" />
  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="examples.css" />

<?php include "nav.inc"; ?>

This page tests for 3 conditions.  Plotting pies with a slice that begins at 0 and ends at and near 2*pi (360 degrees), disabling the trendline plugin on pies, and plotting a pie that has a 0 value (or a very small value relative to other values) in the data set.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


United Incentives has brought on a new executive who had jumped from a destination management company (DMC) to a tech start-up with the aim of redoubling its focus on its incentive technology platform.
As vice president of business development for the Philadelphia-based incentive marketing firm, Lauren Beegal is "uniquely situated to apply her deep understanding of B2B incentive travel events, along with fast evolving technology platforms," said Jeff Broudy, president of United Incentives.
"I'm looking forward to combining my background in the travel hospitality and technology industries to create strategic, customized and technologically efficient sales incentive programs," Beegal said. "We will motivate teams to become engaged, exceed their goals and ultimately rewarded based on their individualized wants and desires."


text:
Free US shipping on orders $35 or more!
How is tea made?
You don't need to know how tea is made to enjoy it, but in case you were interested, this post will cover the entire process from beginning to end.
The process is different depending on which tea you're trying to make, but it typically begins with camellia sinensis. Camellia comes from the latinized form of Georg Josef Kamel, a botanist who tended tea bushes in the Philippines. Carl Linnaeus, creator of the taxonomy system we still use today, wanted to pay tribute by using his name for the genus. Sinensis comes from the Latin for "from China".
Once the tea is ready to be harvested, it is typically harvested by hand or machine. Tea harvesters are primarily women who start early in the day as temperatures are cooler. They work to pluck the new leaves and drop them into bags or baskets. For finer teas, only the bud and the next two youngest leaves are harvested.
When the tea arrives at the processing facility, it is weighed and sorted. This sorting is to check that the expected quality is achieved, and sticks and other debris are discarded. The leftover tea can now be withered. Certain tea processes skip this step, however where it is applied it is to reduce moisture. Reducing the moisture does a number of things to the tea:
Prevents the leaves from breaking into small pieces
Contributes to the flavor
Changes the leaves chemically
The next step depends on what kind of tea you are making, but is often called fixing. Some Chinese green teas pan fire the leaves in a hot bowl-shaped pan or mechanical drum. Some Japanese green teas are made in a process where they aren't withered. Instead, the tea is steamed. This step releases enzymes that alter the flavor and prevents oxidation of the leaves, keeping them their illustrious green color.
Afterwards, leaves are rolled, in a motion similar to rubbing your hands together. This cracks open tea leaf cells which sets off oxidation and releases their juices. Controlling the oxidation of the tea allows control over the aroma, color, and flavor of the leaves. The longer the leaves oxidize, the darker the tea becomes. Both white and green teas and non-oxidized, so they skip this step. Oolong teas are semi-oxidized. Black teas are allowed to fully oxidize. This also impacts the antioxidant levels, naturally.
Drying is the final step. The leaves can be dried in a number of ways, from open air drying to baking. Proper drying is required to make the leaves have a good shelf life. If the leaves are dried too quickly, they can remain wet in the center and grow mold later. If they are dried at too high or too low a temperature, it can impact flavor or color.
After tea is dried, it is also ready for shipping. Why not ship some tea from Teavern to your home today?
Further reading and viewing, and references:
Modern Tea, Lisa Boalt Richardson
How Japanese Green Tea is Made, Life Where I'm From
Teavern exports the finest teas through long-standing relationships with producers around the world. We are committed to bringing you surprising and delightful teas. For more, visit our About page.
Looking to connect with Teavern on social media? Teavern has a TikTok, a Twitter, a Facebook, a Reddit, a Youtube, an Instagram and a Linkedin. Still thirsty for more? We have plenty of posts in our Blog.
© 2023 Teavern


Thank you for taking the time to message me! I will do my best to respond within 12 hours.
Kristi was so endlessly patient with our kids and had such a great way of putting everyone at ease. She didn't just take pictures, she captured memories that we will treasure forever. We can't wait to have her take our pictures again!
Kristi was so sweet to fit around our crazy schedule. We absolutely love our photos. She took the time to play with my kids and be creative to get the perfect pictures. The whole family was so pleased with the results!
We all have heard the expression "a picture is worth a thousand words". But what is the real meaning of that thought? Well it's rather simple but profound. It says "a picture tells a story just as well as, if not better than, a lot of written words". And that describes Kristi's photography style to a T! She is a professional and yet makes you feel relaxed and comfortable. She is very creative and passionate about capturing images that will make your heart smile. I look forward to our next session!
Kristi is an amazing photographer. She has a comfortable presence and finds wonderful perspectives. She has documented many great family moments for us and is so patient with our kids. Her work is a great investment in your family memories.


I love 7-20-4 cigars when I can get them. I usually smoke a smaller cigar but decided to try the Churchill... a very well constructed, consistent cigar. It burned clean and evenly, no acidity, smooth till the end.
One of my favorite cigars if they are not dry.


BBC Radio and Global Radio have triumphed in the latest round of Rajar figures with BBC Radio stations recording 36.22 million listeners and Global's Capital Radio remaining the commercial favourite.
According to the figures, which cover the period from September 16 to December 15 2013, BBC Radio listenership across its stations was up on the previous figures. 35.19 million last year and 35.11 million in the previous quarter. BBC Radio's share against its commercial competitors did, however, fall slightly to 55.2 per cent compared to 55.3 per cent last year and 53.4 per cent last quarter. BBC Radio 4 showed a weekly reach of 11.21 million, up from 10.87 million in the last quarter. BBC Radio 1 was down slightly compared with last year from 11.09 million listeners to 10.87 million listeners, though breakfast DJ Nick Grimshaw added 700,000 listeners during the quarter. "We are a nation of audiophiles and so, despite the ever-increasing competition for people's time and the growing range of online audio providers, radio is thriving in the digital age. I'm delighted that the BBC's distinctive portfolio of stations is proving so enduringly popular and helping the UK radio industry go from strength to strength," said Helen Boaden, BBC director of Radio.
Global Radio's London FM stations were down in listener numbers this quarter, but the Capital Network remained the most listened to commercial station. Nationally both Heart and Capital reported a fall in listeners, though Capital remained the bigger network of the two with 200,000 more listeners. Heart South West and Heart Sussex posted notable increases. Classic FM increased its listenership by 300,000, and Capital XTRA was up from 839,000 listeners last quarter to 854,000 this quarter. LBC 97.3 gained close to 60,000 listeners, with 20.7 million people in total tuning into one of Global's eight radio networks each week. In Scotland, The Capital Breakfast Show with Des & Jennie celebrated its highest ever reach with 336,000 listeners weekly and 552,000 tuning into Capital Scotland each week, an increase of 84,000 listeners on the same period last year. Ashley Tabor, founder and executive president at Global, deemed the results as "fantastic".
In what could be one of the last Rajar's for Real Radio – the group was bought by Global almost two years ago and following wrangling's with the Competition Commission is in a state of flux and currently in a hold steady with an announcement on the future of the group expected soon – every station in the network recorded a drop in listeners. Real Radio's stations in Scotland, Wales, Yorkshire, North East and the North West were all down in weekly reach. Real XS, however, was up to 70,000 listeners in Glasgow and 150,000 in Manchester. Smooth Radio, which is now networked from Global Radio in London, gained more listeners in Glasgow and the West Midlands and Smooth Radio North West recorded figures of 900,000. In the East Midlands, London and North East the Smooth brand lost listeners and Smooth 70s, which was axed in September, reached 804,000 listeners across the UK before closing. Of the results Carat's head of radio, Michael Williamson, said the "strong position in terms of consumption for the last couple of years" was driven by "investments being made by the radio station owners". He continued: "They have been busy investing in new platforms, new stations and attracting the best talent. This creates brands that listeners can fully engage with."Digital Platforms and app downloads were also praised by Williamson as central to success. "Listeners are interacting with radio brands that give them a platform to voice their point of view, whether that is through talk radio, social media or a phone in competition. Music streaming services are great for music content but they do not have the personal feel that radio has always offered. And this has become more and more significant through the growth of digital platforms and social media opportunities," he said.


Celebrate this Valentine's Day with a 3-course menu by Chef Joey Beato (options to choose from for each course). We will also feature an optional wine pairing package for the menu, though the full bar will still be available. The 3-course special menu will be the only menu available on this night.
Reservations available from 5pm - 10:00pm.


text:
Arts, Entertainment
BC's Business
Alberta's Business
Saskatchewan's Business
Ontario's Business
Quebec's business
New Brunswick's Business
PEI's Business
Nova Scotia's Business
Newfoundland's Business
Trudeau scandals
Eye On Canada
Become a Troy Media Affiliate
Home»Posts tagged with»Learning Disabilities
Social connections critical for students with learning disabilities: study
By Folio on October 6, 2020 Education, Featured, Life, Science
U of A education researcher offers advice on how post-secondary schools and students can foster a sense of belonging and improve learning
For any first-year student, university classes can seem scary. Add in a learning disability and it's easy to be overwhelmed. Just ask Lauren Goegan. Now a post-doctoral researcher in the University of Alberta's Faculty of Education, she vividly recalls one of the first lectures she attended as a new undergraduate with dyslexia. The class was delivered…
It's foolish to attempt to place a dollar value on human potential
By Gerry Chidiac on January 24, 2019 Education, Featured, Life, Viewpoint
A society is judged by its treatment of its weakest and most vulnerable members
As part of my Social Justice 12 class, I have students present their research on a topic of interest to them. These reports always inspire lively and insightful discussions. A subject that seems to consistently draw a great deal of interest is the Nazi genocide of the handicapped. The Nazis determined that many people were…
Breaking down barriers for Canadians with disability
By Jamie Liew on September 10, 2018 Health, Politics
We desperately need a ministry that's directly responsible and accountable for the broad portfolio of disability policy
By Jennifer Zwicker and Stephanie Dunn University of Calgary Breaking Down Barriers is the galvanizing theme of a recent report from the Senate Standing Committee on Social Affairs, Science and Technology. It outlines urgently-needed recommendations to improve access to underused federal disability supports: the Disability Tax Credit (DTC) and Registered Disability Savings Plan (RDSP). Some of…
What happens to our children with disabilities when we die?
By Al Etmanski on March 25, 2018 Health, Life, Politics
Fix the Registered Disability Savings Plan and close the poverty gap of Canadians with disabilities
Canada's Registered Disability Savings Plan (RDSP) is the first poverty-fighting tool for people with disabilities in the world. This remarkable example of federal/provincial/territorial co-operation, created in 2008, has already changed the lives of more than 150,000 Canadians with disabilities. Unfortunately, the RDSP only reaches about 29 per cent of those eligible. And due to restrictions…
Children with disabilities data out of date
By Stephanie Dunn on November 20, 2017 Alberta, Health, Manitoba
We lack critical information on the diverse and often unmet needs of Canadian children with disabilities, as well as the out-of-pocket costs paid by families
By Stephanie Dunn and Jennifer Zwicker University of Calgary "The true measure of a nation's standing is how well it attends to its children, including their health, safety, material security, education and socialization, and their sense of being loved, valued and included in the families and societies into which they are born," according to UNICEF.…
Over-medicating to manage behaviour is damaging and wasteful
By Yona Lunsky on October 20, 2017 Health
It's time to talk about the overuse of antipsychotics among adults with developmental disabilities
By Yona Lunsky University of Toronto and Tara Gomes St. Michael's Hospital Inappropriate prescribing of antipsychotic medications – drugs like Risperdal, Zyprexa and Abilify – to seniors, especially those in long-term care with conditions like dementia, has been a hot topic across Canada in recent years. We've also increasingly heard about the high numbers of these medications…
How a traditional exam system fails all students
By Maddie Di Muccio on August 23, 2017 Education, Featured, Viewpoint
A good educator recognizes that an intelligent student doesn't necessarily fit into a conventional box
A recent National Post column argues that the extra time Canadian universities and colleges allot for students with special needs to write exams is unfair, comparing it to "winning the gold medal for the 100 metres by running only 80 metres." The column by Bruce Pardy, a professor of law at Queen's University, makes some…
Mental health system ignores those with developmental disabilities
By Yona Lunsky on April 23, 2017 Featured, Health, Viewpoint
Almost half of those with developmental disabilities are diagnosed with mental illness or addiction and are among the most frequent visitors to ERs
By Yona Lunsky University of Toronto and Robert Balogh University of Ontario Institute of Technology With the recent federal commitment to increase mental health funding across Canada, we need to turn our attention toward a group of individuals who are invisible within Canada's mental health system – a group that has some of the greatest…
Select your province * Click hereBCAlbertaSaskatchewanManitobaOntarioQuebecNew BrunswickNova ScotiaPEINewfoundlandNWTNunavutYukon
About Troy Media
Troy Media/The Newswire
Canadian Government Makes Joint $10 Million Investment in Cobalt Refinery Adjoining the Teledyne and Glencore Bucke Property January 20, 2021
Tocvan Adds Depth to Management Team January 20, 2021
Twenty20 Investments Announces Signing of Definitive Agreement with Legible Media Inc. January 20, 2021
Softlab9 to Restate Quarterly Financial Statements January 20, 2021
©2021, Powered by Troy Media Digital Solutions


text:
FDL Sheriff's deputies arrested 266 OWI-related drivers last year, 202 so far this year
Fond du Lac County saw 266 OWI arrests last year and 202 so far this year.
FDL Sheriff's deputies arrested 266 OWI-related drivers last year, 202 so far this year Fond du Lac County saw 266 OWI arrests last year and 202 so far this year. Check out this story on fdlreporter.com: https://www.fdlreporter.com/story/news/2019/08/20/fond-du-lac-county-sheriffs-office-emphasizes-drive-sober-campaign/2029176001/
Sharon Roznik, Fond du Lac Reporter Published 12:20 p.m. CT Aug. 20, 2019 | Updated 5:26 p.m. CT Aug. 20, 2019
Fond du Lac Sheriff's squad (Photo: Doug Raflik/USA TODAY NETWORK-Wisconsin)
FOND DU LAC - Fond du Lac County-area law enforcement agencies are out in full force for the "Drive Sober or Get Pulled Over" campaign, which runs through Labor Day, Sept. 2.
The program is intended to save lives and prevent needless tragedies caused by impaired driving, according to a press release from the Fond du Lac County Sheriff's Department.
"These high-visibility law enforcement efforts are intended to discourage motorists from engaging in dangerous driving behaviors that endanger everyone," said Lt. Eric Halbach.
Alcohol-related crashes resulted in 159 deaths and nearly 3,300 injuries last year in Wisconsin. Halbach said a growing problem involves drug-impaired drivers — people whose ability to safely operate a motor vehicle is compromised by legal or illegal drugs, including prescription and over-the-counter medications.
In 2018, Fond du Lac County Sheriff's Office deputies made 266 OWI-related arrests, and four traffic fatalities out of 15 that year involved drivers who had alcohol in their system, with three over the state's legal blood alcohol concentration of below 0.08.
In 2017, the county ended the year with 10 crashes, resulting in 11 fatalities — up one death from the previous year's total. Three of those crashes involved impaired drivers.
The Fond du Lac County Sheriff's Department encourages citizens to participate in the campaign by:
Never allowing anyone to get behind the wheel while impaired
Reporting impaired drivers by calling 911
Making sure everyone in the car is buckled up every time you're in a vehicle
A free "Drive Sober" mobile app is available on the WisDOT website. The app can help individuals find mass transit options or connect with taxi services.
"We do all we can to keep our roads and communities as safe as possible, but we need cooperation from motorists and citizens," Halbach said.
Contact Sharon Roznik at 920-907-7936 or sroznik@gannett.com. Follow her on Facebook at facebook.com/reporterroz/
RELATED: FDL car dealer urges teens to drive safe
RELATED: Kiel man who led authoritie son manhunt faces multiple charges
Read or Share this story: https://www.fdlreporter.com/story/news/2019/08/20/fond-du-lac-county-sheriffs-office-emphasizes-drive-sober-campaign/2029176001/
1878 Artesia Schoolhouse, in Malone — recently restored by owner — now welcomes public
Fond du Lac County Sheriff's Office finds vehicle involved in high-speed chase
Woman who hid boyfriend from authorities after he killed Bradlee Gerke sentenced
Free presentation to educate on substance abuse indicators


Faculty, PhD researchers, and students at the International Institute of Social Studies regularly publish books and articles in a wide variety of journals and periodicals. The institute itself edits Development and Change and produces the twice yearly journal, DevISSues.
You can browse, download, and read these publications, as well as working papers, PhD theses and MA research papers via the ISS library or by selecting one of the options below.


GPI antibody was raised against full length human recombinant protein of human GPI(NP_000166) produced in HEK293T cell.
Full length human recombinant protein of human GPI(NP_000166) produced in HEK293T cell.
Due to the highly specific nature of antibodies and antigens, we cannot predict or be held responsible with respect to how this antibody will behave in your systems. Researchers using this antibody should conduct optimization studies to achieve the most optimal result possible for their intended application.
Formalin fixation and embedding in paraffin wax.
Make 4-um sections and place on pre-cleaned and charged microscope slides. Heat in a tissue-dryingoven for 45 minutes at 60°C.
During shipment,small volumes of product will ocassionally become entrapped in the seal of the product vial. We recommend briefly centrifuging the vial to dislodge any liquid in the container's cap prior to opening.
This reagent may contain sodium azide. The chemical, physical, and toxicologial properties of this material have not been thoughly investigated.Standard Laboratory Practices should be followed. Avoid skin and eye contact,inhalation, and ingestion. Sodium azide forms hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions and may react with lead or copper plubing to form highly explosive metal azides. On disposal, flush with large volumes of water to prevent accumulation.
Small volumes of anti-GPI antibody vial(s) may occasionally become entrapped in the seal of the product vial during shipment and storage. If necessary, briefly centrifuge the vial on a tabletop centrifuge to dislodge any liquid in the container`s cap. Certain products may require to ship with dry ice and additional dry ice fee may apply.
GPI Antibody, AMF Antibody, Autocrine motility factor Antibody, Glucose phosphate isomerase Antibody, Hexose monophosphate isomerase Antibody, Hexosephosphate isomerase Antibody, Neuroleukin Antibody, Oxoisomerase Antibody, Phosphoglucose isomerase Antibody, Phosphohexomutase Antibody, Phosphohexose isomerase Antibody, SA36 Antibody, PGI Antibody, SA-36 Antibody, Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Antibody, GNPI Antibody, PHI Antibody, Phosphosaccharomutase Antibody, Sperm antigen 36 Antibody, Sperm antigen-36 Antibody Description: GPI is a member of the glucose phosphate isomerase protein family. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. In the cytoplasm, the gene product functions as a glycolytic enzyme (glucose-6-phosphate isomerase) that interconverts glucose-6-phophsate and fructose-6-phosphate.
Anti-GPI antibody IHC staining of human kidney. Immunohistochemistry of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue after heat-induced antigen retrieval. Antibody concentration 10 ug/ml.
Anti-GPI mouse monoclonal antibody immunofluorescent staining of COS7 cells transiently transfected by pCMV6-ENTRY GPI.
HEK293T cells were transfected with the pCMV6-ENTRY control (Left lane) or pCMV6-ENTRY GPI (Right lane) cDNA for 48 hrs and lysed. Equivalent amounts of cell lysates (5 ug per lane) were separated by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted with anti-GPI.
NCBI/Uniprot data below describe general gene information for GPI. It may not necessarily be applicable to this product.
G6PI: belongs to the GPI family whose members encode multifunctional phosphoglucose isomerase proteins involved in energy pathways. A dimeric enzyme that catalyzes the reversible isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate. Functions in different capacities inside and outside the cell. In the cytoplasm, the gene product is involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, while outside the cell it functions as a neurotrophic factor for spinal and sensory neurons. Defects in this gene are the cause of nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia and a severe enzyme deficiency can be associated with hydrops fetalis, immediate neonatal death and neurological impairment.
1. High GPI expression is associated with metastatic phenotype of breast cancer.


We wouldn't recommend this, the seatstay kits correct both the BB height and shock leverage rate between each model. 27.5" wheels on The Smash would really drop the BB height down, especially with the additional sag of a longer shock.
My main complaints about the Stumpy, & why I'm interested in moving on are: 1. I feel a little cramped on it, & if I move the saddle back, climbing efficiency/comfort decreases a lot. Longer stem makes the steering get piggy. 2. With gear & water I'm approaching 250lb, & maxing out the pressure on the Fox Float shock 3. I'd like room for higher volume 29" tires.
You'll dig The Smash for sure. Our XL is going to be much roomier in and out of the saddle compared to the 2019 Stumpy you rode as well as your XXL classic Stumpy. At 250lbs you'll be looking at only needing around 230psi in a Rockshox rear shock (325psi max pressure) on our bikes due to our low leverage rate design; this puts you right in the middle of the usable damping range unlike bikes with higher leverage rates that require you to max out the air-can pressure (and subsequently rebound).
Oh cool thanks for that explanation.
I'm 6'6" 240 on my XL smash I felt I didn't have to pump it to crazy pressures.. surprised me when I got the bike. Now I know why. Also i'm running 30-35% sag and have yet to bottom it out.
Thx for sharing the info, & more via direct communication while I chose my build.
New Bike Day is about 4 weeks out! woot!
Well, I have ordered mine end of last month. Opted for the megatrail with coil, wanted a 140/150mm travel bike but decided to stay with 160 now.
Looking at getting a dvo diamond, cc helm or mrp.
Nice! MT looks awesome too! Nice thing is, with a seat stay kit and a few other parts, you can have a Smash too...I'm gradually building up the parts to do the same in reverse for more variety!
If anyone wants to try new things, I have a set of raw seatstays for a megatrail, and a 230x65 Deluxe RCT coil shock (375/400 spring rates).
Well, it's true... Smash arrived and I totally dig it! The only error is the 230psi bit. I have none, as I went with the RS coil in the back :-) It was love at first ride.
1 mins ago - What Bike Would You Buy?
5 mins ago - 230x65mm Fox X2 + offset hardware on Nomad V4?
24 mins ago - Pig ugliest AM/Enduro/XC/DH bikes out there if yours is a pig post it!
33 mins ago - Unhappy Sick Bicycles Customers. BEWARE!
38 mins ago - Old Riders....But not "Old School"
58 mins ago - 2018 Giant Reign rear brake mount, what size?
3 hours ago - Transition Patrol, Scout, Sentinel & Suppressor, Giddy Up & SBG Post your bike and discuss here!
3 hours ago - How many Mississauga riders are there?


I am sitting here on a Wednesday evening, my head heavy, dizzy with information regarding this impending hurricane that may, or may not, impact my home and neighbors in the coming days. It is over the Caribbean tonight, hundreds of miles south-east of us, but it effects are already vivid these past few days.
The shelves at grocery stores are barren – stripped clean – of water and bread, batteries and, oddly, potato chips. It seems potato chips are popular for hurricane preparedness. I have not noted them on any checklist available on the many websites and news channels offering survival tips. Yet, they are gone. Gasoline too,is at a premium. A week before a landing there has been a rush on gas stations. I had a full tank on Tuesday morning. Today, I am half empty from driving store to store, gas station to gas station looking for a chance I might gain a little water or top off my tank.
I see people wide-eyed and some head shaking when they stop dead and see the shelves or pumps, empty. There are the inevitable conversations, "Are you going to evacuate?" and the reply is usually, no, they will ride this one out. I wonder if so many are riding it out, why no gas? I don't believe them. I think they want to seem brave in the face of an impending Old Testament storm. I am planning on leaving if it is near us, the track of the storm. According to the news stations the whole state and the Gulf and Atlantic are in the path. It is so far away… they can't guess where it will go.
Just like in my mind,the spaghetti models twist through the state, a peninsula, surrounded by warm tropical waters are fuel for these monster storms. It seems this fuel never runs dry for them until they hit land and tire out without water to fuel it. Just like us humans. Ironic? At any rate, worried friends and family want to know where we will go and when. That is a good question. According to the Weather Channel no place is safe. Any place I would go, they say, "Tampa, Naples, Orlando, Jacksonville – Don't take this storm lightly, get out." So I wait. I have folks call and ask me, "Where should we go?" I answer in my head – good question. It is an eerie feeling – impending doom.
Driving home tonight the sky was dark and ominous. It had nothing to do with Irma, it was just a regular light rain, unusual for Florida. We are used to big rain and then suddenly, the sun returns. Tonight was different. I could see the sun diving for safety behind the clouds on its way west, leaving us here in the east for another evening. This sunset seemed more foreboding. Another day less to prepare. I will put up my storm shutters in the morning. I will shower and go to work.
These last few mornings I have wondered, will I be able to shower next week? As I adjust my thermostat, I wonder how long can I go without air conditioning in this South Florida heat and humidity, then I think, do I want to know? I guess I could bathe in the pool. Should I buy a generator? No gas to put in it. Do I have enough batteries? Where are our flashlights. The checklist seems endless.
May God Bless those it Irma's path. Be safe.


Q: Relationship with ISO Coverage?
Q: How is raster data supported?
Q: How to make raster data work in a NetBeans based application?
Within GeoTools, the coverage module exists below the main module (where Feature is defined) and therefore a GeoTools GridCoverage is not a feature.
This is in opposition to the ISO Coverage model (where Coverage extends Feature) provided by ISO 19123 specification.
GeoTools 'Coverage' objects emerged from an earlier specification published by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) called "Grid Coverage Services Implementation" (OGC 01-004).
The design of the coverage modules follows closely the design of image handling in Java. Java provides three major subsystems in their Java media APIs which are used and extended in GeoTools.
To access files with image content. This provides code to access many standard image formats.
which provides a powerful approach for performing operations on images. Not only does JAI provide efficient code for performing lots of operations, but it creates a system through which a user can create chains of operations which can be applied repeatedly to an image or applied to a whole slew of images.
Combines the two other systems by treating image access as one of the JAI operations allowing for differed access and enabling the treatment of file access as a standard step in an operation chain. The module also provides access to additional file formats.
When combined, these subsystems provide immense power to the GeoTools coverage module but this dependency does require that programmers who wish to use and extend the module must learn to use these other Java modules.
To get the most out of the gt-coverage module developers should be familiar with the underlying mathematical ideas. Knowledge of ideas such as an Affine Transforms (for rotating and scaling) is required to work effectively with the coverage module. Affines are explained any computer graphics textbooks, and on many web sites, if you need a refresher.


Thank you for your interest in Cleary Bikes. Here you'll find all the information you need to get the most out of your bike for years to come.
By clicking on the button below, you will be downloading a (10MB) PDF file.


I had a bad pregnancy and quit my job overnight!
Tulsi Khemka never planned on starting up! While she was resting during her pregnancy, she decided to ensure that it doesn't stop her from working, or doing what she wants! "I started freelancing during this time and looking out for options for the 'post baby period'. A corporate job seemed impossible to do," says Tulsi.
My husband was involved in project in the spice industry and I started helping him with the research," says Tulsi. During the research, Khemka realised that a lot of spices were not easily available to people. "A lot of people use alternative spices to substitute the right ones," she added. She decided to bridge this space by starting up Spice Safari.
Jumping into entrepreneurship wasn't easy for me. It meant working with my husband, with financial uncertainty and an erratic work life balance.
Accepting the change was tough for Tulsi, physically and mentally. "While I was excited about starting something new, I took time to get ready for it," adds the founder. The Spice Safari journey has been exciting and challenging at the same time for the founder. "From technology to marketing and sourcing, everything was new and challenging for us. But that was a part of the game, and we were up for it," she adds.
Our parents were very worried about the 2 of us working together!
"My mother has been supporting me in taking care of my son, Neil. From taking care of him right after school, to ensuring that he sleeps on time when I have late night meetings, my Super Mom is handling it all," adds Khemka. She believes that family support is absolutely essential for an entrepreneur. While Tulsi has been working hard at making Spice Safari bigger everyday, she ensures that a lot of time is spent with her son. "I sign up for weekend classes to bond over activities with my son. Whether it is story work shops, pottery class, or even a sport session," she says proudly. Tulsi believes that working keeps her happy, and does not feel guilty for being an entrepreneur mom.
If am an unhappy person, I will be an unhappy mom.
Sacrifices come at every stage of a woman life. And while starting up as well, Tulsi gave up a lot of things to focus on Spice Safari. "Changing from corporate to entrepreneurship, I realised that I could never completely switch off from work," says the founder. But through the journey, Tulsi only got stronger.
I have always heard women say I have a kid I cannot work, I cannot go out, I don't think anything stops us from doing what we want to.
She advises women to learn that its okay to leave children with their grandparents while they grow up. "Your child might not have the fanciest school projects or be the best dressed at a fancy dress competition because you were taking care of other things, but he will surely have the strongest mother who would inspire him to do what he wants to in life!" she adds.


text:
Casino Robots » ⭐ Casino Games ⭐ » Game of Thrones Slot
Game of Thrones Slot
Play Game of Thrones with real money
Software Provider Microgaming
Paylines 243
Return to Player (RTP) 96.4%
Slot theme Game of Thrones
Minimum bet per payline 0.30
Maximum payout 121 000
Even if you are not the most avid movie fan, we doubt you missed the Game of Thrones fantasy series. The HBO series has become a worldwide sensation and has attracted millions of fans from around the world. The success of the production was used by the software provider Microgaming, who developed a prototype slot of the series.
How to bet on Game of Thrones
The slot machine has a fixed number of lines – 243, but depending on your preference, you can control the value of the bet. To do so, use the button illustrated with coins, which you will find in the lower right corner. After selecting a single spin bet value, mark the round arrow to activate the reels. Above the Spin button, there is a plus that expands several options. They serve to activate the Autospin function. You can select 10, 25, or 50 automatic spins of the reels without your involvement. The flash, in turn, speeds up the action in the Game of Thrones slot and instantly determines winning combinations.
Slot bonus levels
The video slot Game of Thrones offers a bonus if two Scatter symbols appear on the screen, regardless of their location. They reward the bettor with a random cash prize, which is added to his balance instantly.
Three or more Scatter symbols activate the Free Spins level. However, before this happens, the number of spins + multiplier must be selected. There are four options, and here's more information about each one of them:
Baratheon – 8 free spins with x5 multiplier;
Lannister- 10 free spins with x4 multiplier;
Stark – 14 free spins with x3 multiplier;
Targaryen – 18 free spins with x2 multiplier.
During the free spins, more Free Spins can activate.
There is no way to say which one is the best choice, but surely Lannister and Stark have the greatest potential because of the decent multipliers. Do not stick to most spins as there is no guarantee that they will be more successful.
Slot symbols
The theme of the online slot Game of Thrones is sticking to the series itself. The highest-rated symbols ar the banners of the book characters – Baratheon, Lannister, Stark, and Targaryen. The high playing cards (A, K, Q, J), which bring more modest gains, are also included.
The wild symbol is the one picturing the throne and can replace the other symbols except for the Scatter. The Wild meets its purpose both in standard play and during free spins.
The development of Microgaming is credible. We're talking about a game with RTP at about 96.4%, which pays for 243 lines. Besides, participation in the Game of Thrones slot with minimal bets is allowed, which guarantees long-term betting and makes it the right choice when redeeming bonuses.
You can access Game of Thrones for free at Casino Robots. Try the game demo mode to get acquainted with its functionality before moving on to bets with real money.
Which online casino offers Game of Thrones slot?
The Game of Thrones slot is viral because of the worldwide interest in the books and TV series of the same name. You can find this and many other slots in the following online casinos:
You can play this slot without depositing money as well. You need to get a bonus in the form of free spins that will both allow you to win real money and not spend your own.
Frequently Asked Questions about Game of Thrones
Who is the manufacturer of Game of Thrones?
Microgaming develops the slot software.
How many lines does Game of Thrones slot have?
The slot has 243 lines.
How many reels does Game of Thrones slot have?
The return to player is 96.4%.
It is part of the so-called "movie slots".
The minimum bet is 0.30.
You can earn up to 121,000.
Game of Thrones is one of the most popular and fun Microgaming casino games that you can play for free online, with no registration, installation, and saving needed – directly on the Casino Robots website. You can play Game of Thrones from your smartphone, tablet, laptop, or desktop computer without any restrictions. Admire one of the most played and popular slots of all people who are fond of gambling, namely Game of Thrones, and do not stop enjoying it while playing. Here at Casino Robots, you have the opportunity to play many other casino games such as roulette, dice games, bingo, slots, poker, blackjack, keno, baccarat, and many other various table and card games. Play more similar slots in the categories below:
You can also play other similar slot games like:
Play and have fun with this fantastic slot, and may the luck be with you!


text:
Нада Клаич (, 21 июля 1920, Загреб — 2 августа 1988, Загреб) — хорватский историк, выдающаяся хорватская медиевистка XX века, внучка Векослава Клаича. Существенная часть её научного наследия посвящена критике средневековых источников.

Научная карьера
Нада Клаич окончила философский факультет Загребского университета, где потом преподавала в течение 45 лет, начав свою преподавательскую и научную работу в 1943 году на кафедре истории этого факультета и став в 1969 году профессором средневековой истории Хорватии. Этот пост она занимала до своей смерти в 1988 году.

Начиная с 1946 года, когда Нада получила степень доктора, защитив диссертацию «Политический и общественный строй Славонии при Арпадах», она несколько десятилетий занималась исследованием средневековой истории Хорватии. Клаич собирала выводы своих развёрнутых аналитических расследований, обнародовала в журналах и изданиях научных учреждений, а также монографиях и научных исследованиях по истории Хорватии.

Исторические исследования
Она исследовала период от прихода славян (см. Великое переселение народов) до XIX века. Под ранним влиянием М. Баради, Л. Гауптмана, Б. Графенауэра и Я. Шидака вносила свой вклад в хорватскую медиевистику, писала статьи на темы социальной истории. Книга «История народов Югославии ІІ» (1959) включает её всеобъемлющий обзор истории Хорватии раннего нового времени, включающий элементы экономической и социальной истории.

Особое внимание уделяла истории городов, о чём свидетельствуют несколько её исследований и книг: «Задар в средние века до 1409 года» (с Иво Петричоли, 1976), «Загреб в средние века» (1982), «Заметки о Вуковаре в средние века» (1983), «Трогир в средние века: публичная жизнь города и его жителей» (1985), «Копривница в средние века» (1987).

Нада — автор многочисленных трудов о беспорядках и общественных конфликтах, которые собрала в книге «Общественные потрясения и мятежи в Хорватии в XVI и XVII веках» (1976). Роль конкретных вельмож описала в книгах «Последние князья Цельские в землях короны Святого Иштвана» (1982) и «Медведград и его владельцы» (1987).

Великая часть её наработок — это разбор и обнародование исторических источников. Полагаясь частично на вклад историков, она проанализировала весь хорватский дипломатический материал раннего средневековья («Дипломатический анализ документов эпохи правителей Хорватии местного происхождения», 1965, 1966–67), поставив под вопрос его подлинность. Наряду с анонимной сплитской летописью под названием «Historia Salonitana maior» (1967) Клаич опубликовала ряд источников, переведённых с латыни для использования студентами («Источники по хорватской истории до 1526 года», 1972).

Она представила всеобъемлющую и оригинальную концепцию раннесредневекового развития хорватских земель в книге «История хорватов в раннем средневековье» (1971), а также собрала свои работы о ряде проблем более позднего периода в книге «История хорватов в высоком средневековье» (1976). Уже после её смерти увидели свет её книги: «Средневековая Босния: Политическое положение боснийских правителей до коронования Твртко 1377 года» (1989) и «История хорватов в средневековье» (1990).

Влияние
Клаич была одной из самых важных хорватских и югославских медиевистов XX века. К её достижениям относятся инновационный и современный подход к истории Хорватии (особенно по отношению к средневековью), который помог освободить историю от романтического национализма ХІХ века, и переоценка более старых исторических источников. Однако существенная часть её взглядов и выводов противоречива, а её труд вызвал бурные реакции в историографии. Как пример можно привести её вывод, что документ «» — это подделка, вероятно, созданная в XIV веке, её «отсутствие мысли» по поводу «вопроса о 1102 годе» в статье 1959 года, что ведёт к спору с более ранним трудом по этому вопросу хорватского писателя Мандича, и её взгляд на хорватское переселение и древнюю родину в VII веке, а также другие темы ранней хорватской истории.

Клаич крайне критически относилась к работе некоторых ученых, например, Фердо Шишича (которую она оставляла без внимания из-за слабого анализа) или Л. Гауптмана (по поводу тезиса о миграции хорватов из Белой Хорватии и ирано-кавказской теории происхождения ранних хорватов). Её непоколебимые предположения о происхождении и ранней родине хорватов опирались на тезис Маргетича, согласно которому хорваты прибыли в Далмацию в конце VIII или начале ІХ века, хоча Маргетич подчёркивал, что это лишь предположение, которое впоследствии он отверг. Особенно влияли на её точку зрения произвольные соображения по поводу славян немецких и австрийских учёных Г. Кунстмана, Й. Геррмана, Р. Вернера и О. Кронштайнера.

Клаич заявляла, что не было славянской миграции с севера на юг, а скорее с юга на север, поскольку славяне были коренными на Балканах, поэтому не было переселения так называемых «белых хорватов» из Белой Хорватии в Карантанию. Она поддерживала тезис Г. Кунстмана о том, что славяне не имели собственных племенных имён, а их имена следует выводить из иллирийской, греческой и византийской культурных сред. Она считала, что хорватами звали славян Аварского каганата, которым управляли авары, и таким образом твёрдо верила, что хорватская государственная организация и титули «жупан» и «бан» были аварского происхождения. Она думала, что обнаруженные могилы начала IX века принадлежали аварам, а не хорватам и что авары жили в Далмации.

Этот и другие взгляды, такие как готское административное происхождение Либурнии и существование аварских «жупанийской Либурнии», «банской Либурнии» и «жупанийской Истрии», а также её постоянные размышления о некомпетентности археологов при отсутствии доказательств её теорий были подвергнуты критике и отклонены такими современными учёными как Н. Будак и П. Штих из-за недостатка надёжных доказательств и источников.  раскритиковал Клаич как протеже социалистической Югославии в её подходе к хорватской историографии.

Труды
 Političko i društveno uređenje Slavonije za Arpadovića (Политический и общественный строй Славонии при Арпадах, 1946)
 Текст в сборнике Historija naroda Jugoslavije II (История народов Югославии ІІ, 1959)
 Diplomatička analiza isprava iz doba hrvatskih narodnih vladara (Дипломатический анализ документов эпохи правителей Хорватии местного происхождения, 1965, 1966–67)
 Povijest Hrvata u ranom srednjem vijeku (История хорватов в раннем средневековье, 1971)
 Povijest Hrvata u razvijenom srednjem vijeku (История хорватов в высоком средневековье, 1976)
 Društvena previranja i bune u Hrvatskoj u XVI i XVII stoljeću (Общественные потрясения и мятежи в Хорватии в XVI и XVII веках, 1976)
 Zadar u srednjem vijeku do 1409. (Задар в средние века до 1409 года, 1976)
 Zagreb u srednjem vijeku (Загреб в средние века, 1982)
 Zadnji knezi Celjski v deželah Sv. Krone (на словенском языке, Последние князья Цельские в землях короны Святого Иштвана, 1982)
 Crtice o Vukovaru u srednjem vijeku (Заметки о Вуковаре в средние века, 1983)
 Trogir u srednjem vijeku: javni život grada i njegovih ljudi (Трогир в средние века: публичная жизнь города и его жителей, 1985)
 Koprivnica u srednjem vijeku (Копривница в средние века, 1987)
 Medvedgrad i njegovi gospodari (Медведград и его владельцы, 1987)
Опубликовано посмертно:
 Srednjovjekovna Bosna: politički položaj bosanskih vladara do Tvrtkove krunidbe, 1377. g. (Средневековая Босния: Политическое положение боснийских правителей до коронования Твртко в 1377 году, 1989)
 Povijest Hrvata u srednjem vijeku (История хорватов в средневековье, 1990)

Переводы
С латыни на хорватский язык:
 Historia Salonitana maior (1967)
 Izvori za hrvatsku povijest do 1526. godine («Источники по хорватской истории до 1526 года», 1972)

Примечания

Библиография

Ссылки
 Nada Klaić (Zagreb 1920—1988)

Историки Югославии
Переводчики Югославии
Медиевисты
Похороненные на кладбище Мирогой
Писательницы XX века

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Justia Patents Gain ControlUS Patent for Ultrasonic sensor with echo magnification Patent (Patent # 11,163,049)
Ultrasonic sensor with echo magnification
Aug 2, 2019 - SEMICONDUCTOR COMPONENTS INDUSTRIES, LLC
Sensors, sensor controllers, and sensor control methods may employ an echo-magnification technique to improve threshold-based echo detection. In one illustrative embodiment, a sensor controller includes: a transmitter, a receiver, and a processing circuit coupled to the transmitter and to the receiver. The transmitter drives a piezoelectric element to generate acoustic bursts. The receiver senses a response of the piezoelectric element to echoes of each acoustic burst. The processing circuit is operable to apply echo-detection processing to the response by: identifying an interval of the response representing at least a portion of a potential echo; deriving a modified response from the response by selectively magnifying the response during said interval; and using the modified response to detect an echo.
Latest SEMICONDUCTOR COMPONENTS INDUSTRIES, LLC Patents:
IMAGE SENSOR PACKAGE HAVING A LIGHT BLOCKING MEMBER
BACKSIDE METAL PATTERNING DIE SINGULATION SYSTEMS AND RELATED METHODS
SOI SUBSTRATE AND RELATED METHODS
Methods of forming semiconductor packages with back side metal
Skip to: Description · Claims · References Cited · Patent History · Patent History
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/832,017, filed on Apr. 10, 2019, the entire contents of which is incorporated herein by reference.
Modern cars are routinely equipped with arrays of ultrasonic sensors to monitor distances between the car and any nearby persons, pets, vehicles, or obstacles. Due to environmental "noise" and safety concerns, each of the sensors may be asked to provide tens of measurements each second while the car is in motion. Existing echo-detection techniques often employ variable thresholds in an effort to account for the gradual falloff of echo intensity with travel time. However, noise levels and attenuation can vary significantly in different environments, and even seemingly small differences, such as the presence or absence of a curb, or even the difference between paved and gravel surfaces, can significantly change the characteristic reflection of a pole, bollard, or other slim obstacle, making such detection techniques potentially vulnerable to failure unless augmented by computationally intensive adaptation of the detection templates to the environment. Such detection techniques may continue to be specified as a product requirement despite this shortcoming.
Accordingly, there are disclosed herein various sensors, sensor controllers, and sensor control methods employing an echo-magnification technique to improve threshold-based echo detection. In one illustrative embodiment, a sensor controller includes: a transmitter, a receiver, and a processing circuit coupled to the transmitter and to the receiver. The transmitter drives a piezoelectric element to generate acoustic bursts. The receiver senses a response of the piezoelectric element to echoes of each acoustic burst. The processing circuit is operable to apply echo-detection processing to the response by: identifying an interval of the response representing at least a portion of a potential echo; deriving a modified response from the response by selectively magnifying the response during said interval; and using the modified response to detect an echo.
In an illustrative method embodiment, a piezo-electric based sensor is operated by: driving a piezoelectric transducer to generate a burst of acoustic energy during an actuation interval; during a measurement interval following the actuation interval, obtaining a response of the piezoelectric transducer; and processing the response to sense echoes of the burst. The processing includes: identifying an interval of the response representing at least a portion of a potential echo; deriving a modified response from the response by selectively magnifying the response during said interval; and using the modified response to detect an echo.
Each of the foregoing embodiments may be employed together with any one or more of the following optional features: 1. identifying an interval includes: comparing the response to an adaptive threshold to produce a comparison signal; and detecting an edge in the comparison signal. 2. said processing further includes deriving the adaptive threshold from the response signal using a constant false alarm rate (CFAR) process. 3. said identifying further includes comparing an estimated derivative to a threshold. 4. the interval corresponds to a rising edge of an echo pulse. 5. the interval corresponds to a falling edge of an echo pulse. 6. selectively magnifying includes multiplying by a scale factor. 7. selectively magnifying includes applying a nonlinear function to the response during said interval. 8. selectively magnifying includes reducing the response outside of said interval. 9. the echo is detected by comparing the modified response to a predetermined threshold template.
FIG. 1 is an overhead view of an illustrative vehicle equipped with parking-assist sensors.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an illustrative parking assist system.
FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic of an illustrative parking-assist sensor.
FIGS. 4A-4B are graphs of illustrative signals for an echo-scaling process.
FIG. 5 is an illustrative CFAR implementation.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an illustrative echo-scaling process.
It should be understood that the drawings and following description do not limit the disclosure, but on the contrary, they provide the foundation for one of ordinary skill in the art to understand all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the claims.
As an illustrative usage context, FIG. 1 shows a vehicle 102 equipped with a set of ultrasonic parking-assist sensors 104. The number and configuration of sensors in the sensor arrangement varies, and it would not be unusual to have six sensors on each bumper with two additional sensors on each side for blind-spot detectors. The vehicle may employ the sensor arrangement for detecting and measuring distances to objects in the various detection zones, potentially using the sensors for individual measurements as well as cooperative (e.g., triangulation, multi-receiver) measurements.
The ultrasonic sensors are transceivers, meaning that each sensor can transmit and receive bursts of ultrasonic sound. Emitted bursts propagate outward from the vehicle until they encounter and reflect from an object or some other form of acoustic impedance mismatch. The reflected bursts return to the vehicle as "echoes" of the emitted bursts. The times between the emitted bursts and received echoes are indicative of the distances to the reflection points. In many systems, only one sensor transmits at a time, though all of the sensors may be configured to measure the resulting echoes. However multiple simultaneous transmissions can be supported through the use of orthogonal waveforms or transmissions to non-overlapping detection zones.
FIG. 2 shows an electronic control unit (ECU) 202 coupled to the various ultrasonic sensors 204 as the center of a star topology. Of course, other topologies including serial, parallel, and hierarchical (tree) topologies, are also suitable and contemplated for use in accordance with the principles disclosed herein. To provide automated parking assistance, the ECU 202 may further connect to a set of actuators such as a turn-signal actuator 206, a steering actuator 208, a braking actuator 210, and throttle actuator 212. ECU 202 may further couple to a user-interactive interface 214 to accept user input and provide a display of the various measurements and system status. Using the interface, sensors, and actuators, ECU 202 may provide automated parking, assisted parking, lane-change assistance, obstacle and blind-spot detection, and other desirable features.
One potential sensor configuration is now described with reference to FIG. 3. (Other communication and power supply techniques such as those provided in the DSI3, LIN, and CAN standards, would also be suitable and are contemplated for use in accordance with the principles disclosed herein.) Besides the two power terminals (Vbat and GND) shown in the embodiment of FIG. 3, each of the illustrative ultrasonic sensors is only connected to the ECU 202 by a single input/output ("I/O" or "IO") line. The I/O line may be biased to the supply voltage (the "de-asserted" state) by a pull-up resistor when it is not actively driven low (the "asserted" state) by the ECU 202 or by the sensor controller 302. The communication protocol is designed to have only one of the two controllers (ECU 202 or sensor controller 302) asserting the I/O line at any given time.
The sensor controller 302 includes an I/O interface 303 that, when placed in a recessive mode, monitors the I/O line for assertion by the ECU 202 and, when placed in a dominant mode, drives the state of the I/O line. The ECU communicates a command to the sensor by asserting the I/O line, the different commands being represented by assertions of different lengths. The commands may include a "send and receive" command, a "receive only" command, and a "data mode" command. [00s] The sensor controller 302 includes a core logic 304 that operates in accordance with firmware and parameters stored in nonvolatile memory 305 to parse commands from the ECU and carry out the appropriate operations, including the transmission and reception of ultrasonic bursts. To transmit an ultrasonic burst, the core logic 304 is coupled to a transmitter 306 which, with a suitably modulated local oscillator signal from a voltage controlled oscillator 307, drives a set of transmit terminals on the sensor controller 302. The transmitter terminals are coupled via a transformer M1 to a piezoelectric element PZ. The transformer M1 steps up the voltage from the sensor controller (e.g., 12 volts) to a suitable level for driving the piezoelectric element (e.g., tens of volts). The piezoelectric element PZ has a resonance frequency that is tuned to a desirable value (e.g., 48 kHz) with a parallel capacitor C3, and has a resonance quality factor (Q) that is tuned with a parallel resistor R1. One illustrative purpose of the tuning capacitor and tuning resistor is to tune the parallel resonance frequency close to the series resonant frequency of the piezoelectric element.
As used herein, the term "piezoelectric transducer" includes not only the piezoelectric element, but also the supporting circuit elements for tuning, driving, and sensing, the piezoelectric element. In the illustrative embodiment, these supporting elements are the transformer M1, the tuning resistor and tuning capacitor, and the DC-isolation capacitors. Optionally, output and input capacitance of the transmitter 306 and amplifier 308, respectively, may also be included as parasitic characteristics of the supporting circuit elements considered to be part of the transducer. However, the use of the term "piezoelectric transducer" does not necessarily require the presence of any supporting circuit elements, as a piezoelectric element may be employed alone without such supporting elements.
A pair of DC-isolation capacitors C1, C2 couple the piezoelectric element to the sensor controller's pair of receive terminals to protect against high voltages. Further protection is provided with internal voltage clamps on the receive terminals. Such protection may be desired for the intervals when the piezoelectric element is transmitting. As the received echo signals are typically in the millivolt or microvolt range, a low-noise amplifier 308 amplifies the signal from the receive terminals. An optional mixer 309 multiplies the amplified receive signal with the local oscillator signal to downconvert the modulated signal to baseband before it is digitized and processed by a digital signal processor (DSP) 310 with an integrated analog-to-digital converter (ADC). Alternatively, the DSP 310 directly samples and processes the receive signals.
DSP 310 applies programmable methods to monitor the piezoelectric transducer during the transmission of a burst, and to detect any echoes and measure their parameters such as time-of-flight. Such methods may employ constant false alarm rate (CFAR) threshold determinations, derivative calculations, threshold comparisons, echo scaling, minimum intervals, noise level determinations, and other customizable techniques tailored for improving reliability and accuracy. The DSP 310 may further process the amplified receive signal to analyze characteristics of the transducer, such as resonance frequency and quality factor, and may further detect transducer fault states.
Commands received via the I/O line trigger the core logic 304 to operate the transmitter and receiver and to provide the measurement results to the ECU 202 via the I/O line or other interface standard. In addition to the echo measurements and transducer fault states that may be detected by the DSP 310, the core logic may monitor other sensor conditions such as having the supply voltage "under-voltage" or "over-voltage" while transmitting an ultrasonic burst, thermal shutdown of transmitter, a hardware error, an incomplete power-on reset, or the like. The core logic 304 may detect and classify multiple such transducer fault states and error conditions, storing the appropriate fault codes in internal registers or nonvolatile memory 305.
FIGS. 4A and 4B provide some illustrative signal graphs to aid in understanding the operation of the illustrative sensor embodiments. The operation of the piezoelectric transducer is here represented as a vibration signal VIBR representing mechanical oscillation of the piezoelectric element. (Note that the signals are not shown to scale. For example, the transmitted burst 402 may be orders of magnitude larger than the echoes 408, 409.) Electrically, the mechanical vibration of the piezoelectric element can be detected as a voltage or a current. The mechanical vibration amplitude increases as the controller 302 drives the transducer (the "driving stage" 404), then decreases after the driving operation is concluded (the "reverberation stage" 406). The controller 302 may employ active and/or passive damping to reduce the duration of the reverberation stage.
In the sensor embodiment of FIG. 3, the vibration is detected as a downconverted, clamped, amplified version of the secondary voltage via amplifier 308. For explanatory purposes the RX signal illustrated in FIGS. 4A-4B is a (low-pass filtered) envelope of this downconverted, clamped, amplified voltage signal, but the amplified oscillatory signal can also be employed.
The sensor controller optionally measures a noise level during a pre-transmit period 403, to enable detection of transducer faults and/or environments that are too noisy for accurate echo measurements. The actuation of the transducer for the transmit burst typically causes the RX signal to saturate, yielding a transmit pulse 411. (In at least some implementations, internal voltage clamps on the receive terminals of the sensor controller prevent excessive voltages from reaching amplifier 308). The transmit burst overwhelms the receiver and prevents any meaningful echo measurements from being acquired during the actuation interval. Note that the actuation interval (the time during which the transmit burst causes the RX signal to exceed the detection threshold 412 (FIG. 4A) or 401 (FIG. 4B)) includes not only the drive stage 404 of the acoustic burst generation, but also a portion of the reverberation stage 406 of the acoustic burst. Once the receive signal falls below a detection threshold such as CFAR threshold 412 or predefined template 401, it becomes possible to detect echoes.
In FIG. 4A, the RX signal is compared with a dynamic threshold 412 which may be derived using a constant false alarm rate (CFAR) process. A number of CFAR variations exist offering different tradeoffs between performance and computational complexity, but in each case the processes are intended to keep the probability of detecting a false echo at a relatively constant level even in the presence of varying background noise. The CFAR threshold 412 increases in the presence of strong signals and/or noise, and decreases when only weak signals or noise are present.
When a comparator compares the RX signal to the CFAR threshold 412 in this example, it produces a comparison signal (RX>CFAR) having a pulse 421 to indicate the transmit burst and two later pulses 428, 429 to indicate the presence of potential echoes 418 and 419. In some contemplated embodiments, the RX signal may be magnified during assertions of the comparison signal. However, better performance is expected when the characteristic echo pulse shape is taken into account, i.e., with consideration of the rising and/or falling edges.
To confirm that the pulses in the comparison signal indicate echoes and not noise, the contemplated detection process further estimates a normalized derivative (DERIV) of the RX envelope signal. In at least some contemplated embodiments, the RX envelope is a digital signal. The sensor controller delays the RX signal by one sample interval and subtracts it from the undelayed RX signal to obtain an estimated derivative. The estimated derivative may be normalized by taking the absolute value of each difference and running it through two filters. A first, local moving average filter determines a sum or average of absolute differences within a small window, the size of which is optimized for accuracy vs. noise. A second, background filter determines a weighted sum of absolute differences over a window that is at least several times larger than that of the local filter. The second filter may be a recursive filter that provides exponential weighting of the past absolute differences. The normalized derivative (DERIV) is the ratio of the first (local) filter output to the second (background) filter output, and it is compared to a predetermined threshold 431. Each of the filters is preferably programmable to match the bandwidth of filters used for detecting potential echoes. The DERIV curve includes a peak 432 indicating the rising edge of transmit pulse 411, a peak 433 indicating the falling edge of pulse 411, peaks 434 and 435 indicating rising and falling edges of echo pulse 418, and peaks 436 and 437 representing rising and falling edges of echo pulse 419.
The normalized derivative may be compared to a predetermined derivative threshold 431 to enable detection of the echo pulse edges. In some alternative embodiments, the background filter is omitted and the filtered derivative signal (rather than the ratio) is compared to the predetermined threshold. The threshold may be fixed or time-dependent. A rising-edge (R.EDGE) signal is asserted when a pulse edge is detected in combination with a transition of the CFAR comparison from low to high. Thus, the rising edge signal contains a pulse 442 when the normalized derivative signal exceeds the threshold near an upward transition of the comparison signal (RX>CFAR). (Though not shown here, the normalized derivative signal may be delayed to enable detection of the upward transition before determining that the derivative signal exceeds the threshold.) Similarly, pulses 448 and 449 in the rising edge signal identify the rising edges of the echo pulses 418 and 419.
In some contemplated embodiments, the RX signal is magnified during assertions of the rising edge signal. In at least some embodiments, this magnification takes the form of multiplication by a constant scale factor. In FIG. 4A, a first magnified rising edge signal (MR1) shows the RX signal with the rising edges scaled by a factor of 2. The transmit pulse 411 has a steeper rising edge 452; echo pulse 418 has a magnified rising edge 458; and echo pulse 419 has a magnified rising edge 459. In certain variations, the constant scale factor is "windowed" or otherwise provided with smoother transitions from zero to maximum, so as to reduce abrupt transitions in the modified signal. In other variations, the scale factor is replaced with a power (e.g. a quadratic) or other nonlinear function to provide the desired magnification. In still other variations, the dynamic threshold is subtracted from the RX signal and the selective magnification is applied to the difference.
Some contemplated embodiments suppress the RX signal entirely outside of the magnification regions as shown by the second magnified rising edge signal MR2. In comparison with the first signal MR1, rising edges 452, 458, and 459 become pulses 462, 468, and 469, preventing noise or extraneous signal energy from interfering with the "sharpening" of the echoes.
The foregoing process can alternatively be applied to the falling edges rather than the rising edges. Falling edge signal (F.EDGE) has pulses 472, 478, 479 asserted where the derivative signal exceeds the threshold near downward transitions in the comparison signal. A first magnified falling edge signal MF1 shows the RX signal with transmit pulse 411 having a steeper falling edge 492, and echo pulses 418, 419 with magnified falling edges 488, 489. A second magnified falling edge signal MF2 further has the RX signal zeroed outside of the magnification regions, converting falling edges 482, 488, and 489 into falling edge pulses 492, 498, and 499. As before, a fixed scale factor or nonlinear function may be applied to the RX signal (or the difference between the RX signal and the threshold), with or without windowing to smooth the transitions.
Whether in the form shown by the MR1, MR2, MF1, MF2 graphs, or in one of the other forms disclosed herein, the echo pulses in the modified RX signals are at least partly magnified, either relative to the original RX signal, or relative to the non-echo portions of the modified RX signal. The non-echo portions of the original RX signal may also or alternatively be reduced, zeroed, or otherwise de-emphasized. The modified RX signal is then used in place of the original RX signal for subsequent processing for echo detection.
FIG. 4B compares the use of the original RX signal and the modified RX signal MF2 when a predetermined detection threshold template 401 is employed for echo detection. As the template 401 appears intended for use in environments noisier than the illustrative operating environment, it is set too high to detect the echoes 418, 419. But regardless of the sub-optimal nature of template 401, when it is employed to detect echoes in a modified RX signal, the magnified echoes (or magnified echo edges) ensure that the detection process performs as desired. The modified RX signals are expected to enhance performance in a wide range of existing echo detection techniques, whether performed by the sensor controller, a processing ASIC, or the ECU. The resulting time-of-flight determinations may be employed in the usual way for obstacle detection and monitoring.
FIG. 5 is an illustrative implementation of a CFAR process from U.S. Pat. No. 5,793,326 ("Hofele") which may be adapted for use by the sensor controller. A shift register having i blocks, each block having L samples of receive signal envelope RX, shifts to accept new sample blocks from input E. The block in the center is designated the cell under test ("ZUT"), while the blocks to the left of center form sub-register S1 and the blocks to the right form sub-register S2. A summing circuit determines for each block the sum of samples within that block. A set of maximum value detectors compares the sums pairwise, working outwards from the cell under test, each detector forwarding the maximum sum. A minimum value detector compares the maxima to determine the smallest one. A divider scales the smallest maximum by L or some other fixed value for normalization, before a multiplier K weights the normalized value, optionally adding an offset, to determine a CFAR threshold value. Comparator KD compares each of the samples in the cell under test to the threshold to determine whether a potential echo peak is present. As previously mentioned, a number of variations exist and would also be suitable for use, albeit with different tradeoffs between performance and computational complexity. One variation locates the ZUT at the right side of the shift register (for detecting rising edges) or at the left side of the shift register (to detect falling edges).
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an illustrative echo magnification process that may be implemented by the sensor controller. A mixer downconverts the receive signal to baseband or near-baseband. A filter blocks the undesired frequencies from the downconversion process, and may further perform rectification and low-pass filtering to obtain the envelope of the receive signal. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) digitizes the receive signal envelope, which is directed along three branches.
Along one branch, a derivation element ("Norm. Deriv.") determines the normalized derivative as discussed previously. A comparator compares the normalized derivative to a programmable threshold value, producing a binary comparator signal that is asserted when the threshold is exceeded. A delay element provides a predetermined delay before providing the comparator signal to an AND gate. In some implementations, the comparator signal must be asserted for at least a predetermined minimum interval, or else the assertion is blocked from reaching the AND gate.
Along a second branch, a CFAR element derives a CFAR threshold from the RX signal, the threshold optionally including a programmable offset. A comparator compares the RX signal to the CFAR threshold, producing an output signal that is asserted when the RX signal is above the threshold and deasserted otherwise. An edge detector detects downward transitions of the comparator output, upward transitions, or both, depending on the configuration of the sensor controller. In some implementations, the edge detector generates a fixed-length pulse to indicate the position of each edge.
A logical AND asserts an echo edge detection signal when both the RX signal crosses the CFAR threshold in the desired direction and the normalized derivative exceeds the derivative threshold. The AND element may be configured to generate a fixed length pulse to indicate when the inputs have been simultaneously asserted, or a variable length pulse that corresponds to a duration of the interval for which the derivative exceeds the threshold.
Along a third branch, the original RX signal is supplied to a multiplier and a first input of a multiplexer. The multiplier output is supplied to the other input of the multiplexer. The echo edge detection signal is supplied to the multiplexer to select between the inputs, causing the multiplexer to output the magnified RX signal when an echo edge is detected and an unmagnified (or alternatively, a zeroed) signal otherwise. The resulting modified RX signal is then forwarded for processing in accordance with an existing echo detection process. For example, the modified RX signal may be compared to a predetermined threshold template, and echoes may be identified where the modified RX signal exceeds the threshold.
Though the operations shown and described above are treated as being sequential for explanatory purposes, in practice the process may be carried out by multiple integrated circuit components operating concurrently and perhaps even speculatively to enable out-of-order operations. The sequential discussion is not meant to be limiting. These and numerous other modifications, equivalents, and alternatives will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives where applicable.
1. A controller for a piezoelectric transducer, the controller comprising:
a transmitter to drive a piezoelectric element to generate acoustic bursts;
a receiver to sense a response of the piezoelectric element to echoes of each acoustic burst; and
a processing circuit coupled to the transmitter and to the receiver, the processing circuit operable to apply echo-detection processing to said response, said processing including: identifying an interval of the response representing at least a portion of a potential echo; deriving a modified response from the response by selectively magnifying the response during said interval; and using the modified response to detect an echo.
2. The controller of claim 1, wherein said identifying an interval includes:
comparing the response to an adaptive threshold to produce a comparison signal; and
detecting an edge in the comparison signal.
3. The controller of claim 2, wherein said processing further includes deriving the adaptive threshold from the response signal using a constant false alarm rate (CFAR) process.
4. The controller of claim 2, wherein said identifying further includes comparing an estimated derivative to a threshold.
5. The controller of claim 1, wherein the interval corresponds to a rising edge of an echo pulse.
6. The controller of claim 1, wherein the interval corresponds to a falling edge of an echo pulse.
7. The controller of claim 1, wherein said selectively magnifying includes multiplying by a scale factor greater than unity.
8. The controller of claim 1, wherein said selectively magnifying includes applying a nonlinear function to the response during said interval.
9. The controller of claim 1, wherein said selectively magnifying includes reducing the response outside of said interval.
10. The controller of claim 1, wherein the echo is detected by comparing the modified response to a predetermined threshold template.
11. A method of operating a piezoelectric-based sensor, the method comprising:
driving a piezoelectric transducer to generate a burst of acoustic energy during an actuation interval;
during a measurement interval following the actuation interval, obtaining a response of the piezoelectric transducer; and
processing the response to sense echoes of the burst, said processing including: identifying a potential echo interval of the response representing at least a portion of a potential echo; deriving a modified response from the response by selectively magnifying the response during said potential echo interval; and using the modified response to detect an echo.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein said identifying a potential echo interval includes:
13. The method of claim 12, wherein said processing further includes deriving the adaptive threshold from the response signal using a constant false alarm rate (CFAR) process.
14. The method of claim 12, wherein said identifying further includes comparing an estimated derivative to a threshold.
15. The method of claim 11, wherein the potential echo interval corresponds to a rising edge of an echo pulse.
16. The method of claim 11, wherein the potential echo interval corresponds to a falling edge of an echo pulse.
17. The method of claim 11, wherein said selectively magnifying includes multiplying by a scale factor greater than unity.
18. The method of claim 11, wherein said selectively magnifying includes applying a nonlinear function to the response during said potential echo interval.
19. The method of claim 11, wherein said selectively magnifying includes reducing the response outside of said potential echo interval.
20. The method of claim 11, wherein the echo is detected by comparing the modified response to a predetermined threshold template.
21. A method of manufacturing a controller for a piezoelectric transducer, the method comprising:
providing a transmitter to drive a piezoelectric element to generate acoustic bursts;
creating a receiver to sense a response of the piezoelectric element to echoes of each acoustic burst; and
coupling a processing circuit to the transmitter and to the receiver, the processing circuit operable to apply echo-detection processing to said response, said processing including: identifying an interval of the response representing at least a portion of a potential echo; deriving a modified response from the response by selectively magnifying the response during said interval; and using the modified response to detect an echo.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein said identifying an interval includes:
Referenced Cited
U.S. Patent Documents
5793326 August 11, 1998 Hofele
5793704 August 11, 1998 Freger
5974379 October 26, 1999 Hatanaka
10234549 March 19, 2019 Suchy et al.
10345445 July 9, 2019 Hustava et al.
20190079173 March 14, 2019 Kutej et al.
20200271767 August 27, 2020 Hustava
Foreign Patent Documents
102013226085 March 2015 DE
102017103275 August 2018 DE
3036809 December 2016 FR
2009108786 September 2009 WO
Marek Hustava et al., "Detection of Noise-Induced Ultrasonic Sensor Blindness," U.S. Appl. No. 16/254,882, filed Jan. 23, 2019, 29 pages.
Patent number: 11163049
Type: Grant
Filed: Aug 2, 2019
Date of Patent: Nov 2, 2021
Patent Publication Number: 20200326415
Assignee: SEMICONDUCTOR COMPONENTS INDUSTRIES, LLC (Phoenix, AZ)
Inventors: Marek Hustava (Bratislava), Michal Navratil (Pustimer), Pavel Kostelnik (Bordovice)
Primary Examiner: Daniel L Murphy
Current U.S. Class: Gain Control (704/225)
International Classification: G01S 7/529 (20060101); G01S 15/93 (20200101); G01S 15/931 (20200101);


text:
"""
Checks that value used in a subscript support assignments
(i.e. defines __setitem__ method).
"""
# pylint: disable=missing-docstring,pointless-statement,expression-not-assigned,wrong-import-position
# pylint: disable=too-few-public-methods,import-error,invalid-name,wrong-import-order
import six

# primitives
numbers = [1, 2, 3]
numbers[0] = 42

bytearray(b"123")[0] = 42
dict(a=1, b=2)['a'] = 42
(1, 2, 3)[0] = 42 # [unsupported-assignment-operation]

# list/dict comprehensions are fine
[x for x in range(10)][0] = 42
{x: 10 - x for x in range(10)}[0] = 42

# instances
class NonSubscriptable(object):
    pass

class Subscriptable(object):
    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        return key + value

NonSubscriptable()[0] = 24  # [unsupported-assignment-operation]
NonSubscriptable[0] = 24 # [unsupported-assignment-operation]
Subscriptable()[0] = 24
Subscriptable[0] = 24 # [unsupported-assignment-operation]

# generators are not subscriptable
def powers_of_two():
    k = 0
    while k < 10:
        yield 2 ** k
        k += 1

powers_of_two()[0] = 42 # [unsupported-assignment-operation]
powers_of_two[0] = 42  # [unsupported-assignment-operation]

# check that primitive non subscriptable types are caught
True[0] = 24  # [unsupported-assignment-operation]
None[0] = 42 # [unsupported-assignment-operation]
8.5[0] = 24 # [unsupported-assignment-operation]
10[0] = 24 # [unsupported-assignment-operation]

# sets are not subscriptable
{x ** 2 for x in range(10)}[0] = 24 # [unsupported-assignment-operation]
set(numbers)[0] = 24 # [unsupported-assignment-operation]
frozenset(numbers)[0] = 42 # [unsupported-assignment-operation]

# skip instances with unknown base classes
from some_missing_module import LibSubscriptable

class MaybeSubscriptable(LibSubscriptable):
    pass

MaybeSubscriptable()[0] = 42

# subscriptable classes (through metaclasses)

class MetaSubscriptable(type):
    def __setitem__(cls, key, value):
        return key + value

class SubscriptableClass(six.with_metaclass(MetaSubscriptable, object)):
    pass

SubscriptableClass[0] = 24
SubscriptableClass()[0] = 24 # [unsupported-assignment-operation]

# functions are not subscriptable
def test(*args, **kwargs):
    return args, kwargs

test()[0] = 24 # [unsupported-assignment-operation]
test[0] = 24 # [unsupported-assignment-operation]

# deque
from collections import deque
deq = deque(maxlen=10)
deq.append(42)
deq[0] = 42

# tuples assignment
values = [1, 2, 3, 4]
(values[0], values[1]) = 3, 4
(values[0], SubscriptableClass()[0]) = 42, 42 # [unsupported-assignment-operation]


The NSWNMA and the Sydney Alliance are working together to shape the future of Sydney's health system.
In 2012, the Sydney Alliance facilitated improvements to three major Sydney train stations, gained police cooperation to pilot a "stop and search receipting system" and secured the withdrawal of a state parliament bill that would have forced retail workers to spend time away from their families on Boxing Day.
Meanwhile, in Sydney's south-west, six medical centres around Liverpool and Fairfield are upgrading their car parks, thanks to the efforts of the Alliance, meaning patients will no longer have to illegally park when seeking urgent medical attention.
A delegation of NSWNMA members and more than a thousand other people attended the second Sydney Alliance assembly in October. Among them was president of the Quality Aged Care Action Group (QACAG), Margaret Zanghi.
"I think action takes a long time and it's a good thing that the Alliance exists," Margaret told The Lamp.
The QACAG president said she was impressed with the motivation among Sydney Alliance members and described the second assembly as an "extremely well-organised event".
"There were quite a number of members from the Nurses and Midwives' Association there who were concerned about aged care," Margaret said.
She is hopeful that staffing ratios and pay parity in aged care will be addressed in future through the NSWNMA's partnership with the Sydney Alliance.
"Registered Nurses [in aged care] are not paid the amount that they're paid in public hospitals and so you can't attract people into aged care," Margaret explained.
"Most things that go wrong in nursing homes are to do with the fact that there isn't enough staff on the ground and that's the main issue.
"Things are far from okay and one of the biggest issues is staffing. We need the ratios in staffing," she said.
According to Sydney Alliance organiser David Barrow, the key to solving Sydney's community support and health service problems lies with concerned individuals, like Margaret, getting involved and taking action.
As an active organiser for the Sydney Alliance it's David's job to join forces with concerned citizens, community organisations, unions and religious organisations to tackle the big issues plaguing Sydneysiders.
"We started with a listening campaign, which nurses took part in," David recalled. "In that listening campaign, people across Sydney and all the different partner organisations raised three issues: one was transport, one was social inclusion and one was community health and support.
"Now we've got districts all over Sydney where people can engage and meet people from other organisations, to work together on issues for the common good," David said.
Throughout last year, the Sydney Alliance's Community Support and Health (CSH) groups focused on improving access to bi-lingual and Aboriginal staff and interpreters in Sydney's west.
The group held extensive research meetings, listening campaigns, organisational surveys and a forum; and plans to trial a "cultural diversity audit tool" at four organisations later this year to, "increase the capacity to recruit, support and maintain culturally diverse staffing".
With the help of the NSWNMA, the Sydney Alliance also petitioned Parramatta Council for additional funding to continue their efforts, starting with a pilot program that aims to engage with aged care providers.
While the many issues within aged care have already been acknowledged by the Sydney Alliance, organiser David Barrow told The Lamp that they don't yet "have a critical mass of people who want to take action on it.


text:
Jacksonville club to host annual show
The Greater Jacksonville Coin Club will host its annual show May 30-June 1 at the Morocco Shrine Auditorium, located at 3800 St. Johns Bluff Road South in Jacksonville, Fla.
The Greater Jacksonville Coin Club will host its annual show May 30-June 1 at the Morocco Shrine Auditorium, located at 3800 St. Johns Bluff Road South in Jacksonville, Fla. More than 75 dealers are expected to attend.
GJCC will provide numismatic gifts to attending children. There will also be a kids? coin collecting seminar at 10 a.m. May 31, and a Boy and Girl Scout Merit Badge program will take place from 1 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. the same day. Educational exhibits are another highlight of the show.
Admission and parking are free. Show hours are 10 a.m.-6 p.m. May 30-31, and 10 a.m.-4 p.m. June 1.
For more information about table space, call Rob Marett at (904) 236-8403. For more about the children?s events, call Tony Bonaro at (904) 596-1242. Visit GJCC?s Web site at http://gjcc.anaclubs.org/.
Jacksonville coin show set
The Greater Jacksonville, Fla., Coin Club will host its annual show May 27-29. It will be held at the Morocco Shrine Auditorium located at 3800 St., Johns Bluff Road South in Jacksonville.
500 expected at annual Fresno show
The Fresno Numismatic Society is holding its 44th annual Fresno Coin Show Oct. 23-24 at the Las Palmas Masonic Center located at 2992 E. Clinton Ave. in Fresno.
Omaha Coin Club hosts 2011 show
The Omaha Coin Club hosted the 2011 Nebraska Numismatic Show and Convention Oct. 22-23 in Omaha, Neb. The two-day show attracted more than 600 visitors who came to see 40 dealers including numismatic dignitary Rick Snow of Tucson, Ariz.
GSNA to host show
The Garden State Numismatic Association will be conduct its 36th Anniversary Convention May 12-14 at the Ukrainian Cultural Center in Somerset, N.J.
Omaha to host hobby seminar
The Central States Numismatic Society and the Omaha, Neb., Coin Club have announced sponsorship of a numismatic seminar to be held at the Omaha Holiday Inn Convention Center on Oct. 30.
Cheyenne club hosts coin show
Approximately 200 people attended the Cheyenne Coin Club Coin Show at the Holiday Inn in Cheyenne,Wyo., on Sept. 29-30.
NASC to host counterfeit seminar
The Numismatic Association of South Carolina will host a two-day seminar titled, "Introduction to Counterfeit Detection of United States Coinage." It is being held in conjunction with the American Numismatic Association during the Long Beach Coin, Stamp & Collectibles Exposition Sept. 9-10 at the Long Beach Convention Center.
Contest, show on club
The Myrtle Beach, S.C., Coin Club is holding a contest to determine who can best predict the price of spot silver at year's end.
GSNA hosts its 32nd annual convention
Garden State Numismatic Association held its 32nd annual convention May 17-19 at the Ukrainian Cultural Center in Somerset, N.J. More than 70 dealers were booked and more than 1,000 people attended.


Featuring Denver's best website and marketing company: 3roads Media. The team was after some headshots to document their professional, creative, quirky and highly intelligent group. This team includes graphic designers, masterminds, SEO experts, programmers and artists. We not only accomplished their goal, but made them look like rock stars in the process. You all are the best!