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Palm wine is a milky white sugary beverage obtained from the sap of different palm tree species. Millions of people in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa consume it and it features prominently in the socio-economic life of many communities. In south-eastern Nigeria, it is used in traditional marriages [1] and the special moment guests and well-wishers look forward to, is when the bride presents a cup of palm wine to the groom to drink and signify that her search for a husband has ended. The drink is now a commercial success and can be found in cans or glass bottles that are marketed locally and internationally. The oenological potentials of the drink have been reviewed [2] and it was highlighted that the drink has many constituents of commercial or traditional red and white wines (e.g Merlot and Shiraz). In that report, the drink was proposed to have the potential of being turned into a vintage drink if current methods of production used in commercial wines are applied. Furthermore, the huge possibilities of biotechnological application or genetic manipulations to obtain new flavours from the drink was pointed out.
Many health benefits have been attributed to the drink. It has been reported to have low alcoholic content, contains yeasts, lactic acid, and acetic acid which confers probiotic qualities to the drink. It is believed to contain several beneficial chemicals and it is regarded as an antioxidant. From the aforementioned attributes, anecdotal debates suggest that palm wine is a wonder drink and could qualify as a beverage that can mitigate the undesirable effects of many ailments. Food is functional when it shows positive physiological effects due to their nutraceutical content [3]. In addition, foods (including beverages) are regarded as functional if it beneficially affects the functions in the body in a way that improves the state of health and well-being, or reduction of risk of disease [4]. The regulatory framework in Europe imposes huge requirements on food operators and claims for functional foods can be for nutritional, health or reduction of disease risk [5]. In many places where palm wine is consumed, there is poor government regulation. In general, beverages are the most active functional food category but there are specific concerns over their safety [6]. Here, the suitability of palm wine as a functional beverage was explored by the examination of previous reports to ascertain if there is a link between constituents of the drink and functionality.
2.0 Beneficial microorganisms found in palm wine
The occurrence of yeasts, acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is widely reported in palm wine. Species from these groups of microorganisms are recognized as functional microorganisms because they can stimulate probiotic functions, and fortify food or beverage with some health-promoting bioactive compounds [7].
2.1 Yeasts
Many studies have demonstrated additional benefits of yeasts as valuable sources of amino acids and peptides [8, 9], which can be used in functional foods and dietary supplements. Saccharomyces boulardii yeast strain has been extensively studied for its probiotic effects and it was found that the clinical activity of S. boulardii is especially relevant to antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and recurrent Clostridium difficile intestinal infections. Nutritional yeasts are popular in vegan cooking and are believed to contain vitamin B12 and essential amino acids [10]. Palm wine contains yeasts especially S. cerevisiae [11] at all stages of fermentation. Other yeasts include Pichia and Candida [12]. It is believed that the dregs or sediments that form when a bottle of palm wine is left standing contains a rich suspension of yeasts.
2.2 Acetic acid bacteria
Acetic acid bacteria are widespread and play an important role in the production of food and beverages [13, 14] by oxidising ethanol to acetic acid (vinegar). This is why they are mainly found in the latter part of palm wine fermentation when there is enough ethanol to oxidise. Acetic acid from apples [15] is believed to have many health benefits. It includes inhibition of growth of harmful bacteria, enables lower blood sugar levels and diabetes control, weight loss, cholesterol reduction, and may have protective effects against cancer. It would be interesting to compare the acetic acid from palm wine and the one obtained from apples to ascertain the source with the best impact on health.
2.3 Lactic acid bacteria
Lactic acid bacteria are responsible for the malolactic fermentation, which follows the alcoholic fermentation by yeasts [16]. The organism is considered a cell factory for the delivery of functional biomolecules and ingredients [17]. Its link with greater longevity and improved health is the basis for using lactobacilli in many probiotic products today [18]. During the initial part of palm wine fermentation, lactic acid is produced but its concentration is generally less than that of ethanol or acetic acid. Bacteriocin producing LAB found in palm wine includes Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and lactobacillus brevis [19]. These species were found to inhibit the growth of Listeria monocytogenes, a food borne pathogen that can cause listeriosis in the elderly, neonates, immune compromised persons and pregnant women [20]. The probiotic effect of lactic acid produced during palm wine fermentation is unknown.
3.0 Antioxidant properties, biochemical composition and effect on rats
3.1 Antioxidant properties
Antioxidants like vitamins C and polyphenols are molecules that counteract free radicals and prevent the damage caused by them [21, 22]. Beverages and foods rich in antioxidants include tea [23], coffee [24], wine [25, 26] and fruits and vegetables [27]. Palm wine contains natural phenols [11] and in vitro tests have shown antioxidant activity [28]. Natural phenols have beneficial properties [29] and possess antifungal, antiviral and anti-bacteria attributes [30]. The characteristics of specific phenols from palm wine are unknown and need further studies. However, it's efficacy as a good antioxidant may be because it contains natural antioxidants like vitamin C. Contrastingly, a study [31] found that palm wine depletes the body's antioxidants, which may allow free radicals to attack and subject the body to a state of oxidative stress.
3.2 Biochemical composition
The biochemical composition of palm saps vary among different locations and may depend on the species of a palm tree from which the palm wine was sourced. Biochemical makeup of palm wine has been reported [32], and it consists of different sugars. This ranged between 0.10 of maltose and 8.74 mg/100 ml of sucrose. Other values reported include protein (39.03 mg/100ml), free amino acids (59.63 mg/100 ml), lipids (62.65mg/100 ml), and ethanol (3.4/ 100 ml). Essential elements like magnesium, zinc and phosphorus, which are normally part of a healthy diet, were found present in the drink. In another biochemical characterization [33], the initial pH, reducing sugars and ethanol contents were found to be 5.23 ± 0.18, 45.55 ± 4 g/L and 0.08% ± 0.02% respectively. Evaluation of palm wine from trade showed that samples had pH of less than 5.0 and contained 5.9–11.6, 2.2–7.1, 4.2–43.0, and 4.4–43.7 g/L of acetic acid, lactic acid, ethanol and glucose, respectively [11].
3.3 Effect of palm wine on rats
At present, there are more studies on the beneficial effects of palm wine on rats rather than humans. Although using rats is an ideal starting point, more studies on humans are required to establish if the effects seen in rats can manifest in humans. Studies on rats indicate both beneficial and harmful effects of palm wine. The drink has been shown to modulate glucose homeostasis by enhancing insulin secretion and inhibiting redox imbalance in a rat diabetes model [34]. It has also been suggested that palm wine extenuates redox imbalance and modulates activities of glycolytic and cholinergic enzymes in hyperglycaemia-induced testicular injury in type 2 diabetic rats [35]. Another study found that that regular intake of palm wine may not significantly affect body weight nor testis weight, but can gradually distort testicular tissue architecture with abnormally structured cells in rats [36].
4.0 Health Concerns about palm wine
4.1 Obesity and Diabetes
4.2 Alcohol
The ethanol content of palm wine varies. The fresh sap is reported to be less than two per cent but it increases up to 5 % when it ferments. If an assessment under European Union regulations is carried out on fermented palm wine (from 3% alcohol), it would not pass the assessment. It would not be regarded as a functional beverage because beverages that contain over 1.2% alcohol cannot claim any health or nutritional benefit [37]. Ethanol consumption in large amounts can harm the liver and cause many complications in the body. In Nigeria where millions of people consume palm wine, there are fears that consumption by new mothers may harm neonates because some mothers consume the drink post-partum to increase the flow of breast milk [38]. Those that practice this for increased lactation believe that it is harmless since it is the low-ethanol fresh palm wine that is consumed. However, it has been argued that palm wine consumption post-partum is a myth with no scientific basis or benefit and a harmful practice [39].
4.3 Extraneous contaminants
The biggest health concern in palm wine consumption comes from intentional and unintentional contamination of the drink with extraneous materials, which are harmful to the human body. In communities with an abundance of palm trees, there is a steady supply of palm wine and little adulteration occurs. However, in places where the drink is scarce, it is common knowledge that some palm wine sellers try to boost yield by adding water to the drink and then supplement with artificial sweeteners to maintain the sugary taste. Unintentional contamination that occurs during processing has been summarized in a review [40], and it was emphasised that chemical contaminants associated with palm wine are potential food safety hazards. It was recommended that a detailed hazard analysis that covers palm wine processing and the supply chain would be beneficial to public health. More regulatory oversight was also suggested. Regulation for private consumption may be difficult to enforce hence it would be beneficial to enforce food safety standards on entrepreneurs that sell to the public. Presently the drink is sold in restaurants, roadside kiosks and shacks. In many communities, the product is sold under a tree with a few benches and tables. Regulatory enforcement should cover all category of sellers, no matter how small to help safeguard public health.
4.4 Insect contamination and link with Nipah virus
After harvesting of palm wine, it is not uncommon to see dead flies or bees floating in the receptacle that was hung on the palm tree to collect the palm sap. There are concerns that pathogens on the dead insects, which may be harmful to humans may get into the palm wine. Other animals may also try to gain access to the palm wine during tapping. Most prominent is the case of Nipah viral disease, first reported in Malaysia in 1998. It is a zoonotic infection caused by Nipah virus, a paramyxovirus biosafety level-4 pathogen, belonging to the genus Henipavirus of the family Paramyxoviridae [41, 42, 43]. Transmission to humans from the vector Pteropus spp, a fruit bat which harbours the virus has been demonstrated and fatalities in some Asian countries has been reported [44]. During tapping of palm wine, it was found that the bat invades the palm wine receptacle on the tree to drink and pass excreta into the drink. A preventive control is the use of mesh and appropriate coverage to ensure insects and bats do not have access to the palm wine before, during or after tapping.
5.0 Conclusions[1]
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Functional Beverages: The emerging side of functional foods commercial trends, research, and health implications. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 2014, 13, doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.121097. Tamang JP, Shin DH, Jung SJ, Chae SW. Functional Properties of Microorganisms in Fermented Foods. Front Microbiol, 2016,;7:578. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00578.8. Rakowska R, Sadowska A, Dybkowska E, Świderski F. Spent yeast as natural source of functional food additives Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2017;68(2):115-121.9. Ibegbulem CO, Igwe CU, Okwu GN, Ujowundu CO, Onyeike EN, Ayalogu EO. Total amino acid profiles of heat-processed fresh Elaeis guineensis and Raphia hookeri wines. Food Chemistry, 2013, Volume 138, Issues 2–3, 1 June 2013, Pages 1616-162010. Health line; Why Is Nutritional Yeast Good for You? https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/nutritional-yeast11. Nwaiwu O, Ibekwe VI, Amadi ES, Udebuani AC, Nwanebu FC, Oguoma OI, Nnokwe, JC. Evaluation of fermentation products of palm wine yeasts and role of Sacoglottis gabonensis supplement on products abundance. Beverages, 2016, 2 (9), 1-13. doi:10.3390/beverages202000912. Nwaiwu O. Phylogeny of three palm wine yeasts genera. In: Zubaida Yousaf (Ed). Recent Advances in Phylogenetics, 2018, InTech publishers London. ISBN 978-1-78985-890-7. Pp 25-42.13. Gomes RJ, Borges MF, Rosa MF, Castro-Gómez RJH, Spinosa WA. Acetic Acid Bacteria in the Food Industry: Systematics, Characteristics and Applications. Food Technol Biotechnol, 2018, 56(2):139-151. doi: 10.17113/ftb.56.02.18.5593. 14. De Roos J, De Vuyst L. Acetic acid bacteria in fermented foods and beverages. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2018 Feb;49:115-119. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2017.08.007. Epub 2017 Aug 29. Review.15. Health line; Health benefits of apple cider vinegar, backed by science https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/6-proven-health-benefits-of-apple-cider-vinegar#section616. Lonvaud-Funel A.Lactic acid bacteria in the quality improvement and depreciation of wine. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1999 Jul-Nov;76(1-4):317-31.17. Waters DM, Mauch A, Coffey A, Arendt EK, Zannini E. Lactic acid bacteria as a cell factory for the delivery of functional biomolecules and ingredients in cereal-based beverages: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 2015, 55(4):503-20. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2012.660251.18. Salvetti E, O'Toole PW. The genomic basis of lactobacilli as health-promoting organisms. Microbiol Spectr. 2017 Jun;5(3). doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.BAD-0011-2016.19. Fossi BT, Goghomu S, Tongwa M, Ndjouenkeu R, Cho Ngwa F. Screening for bacteriocins producing probiotic bacteria from fermented sap of palm trees ( Elaeis guineesis and Raffia sudanica ): Production and partial characterization of bacteriocins. J Appl Biotechnol Bioeng. 2017;2(1):1-8. DOI: 10.15406/jabb.2017.02.0001720. Nwaiwu, O. (2015). An overview of Listeria species in Nigeria. International Food Research Journal 22 (2), 455-464.21. Hoyos-Arbeláez J, Vázquez M, Contreras-Calderón J. Electrochemical methods as a tool for determining the antioxidant capacity of food and beverages: A review. Food Chem. 2017 Apr 15;221:1371-1381. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.017.22. Ratnam DV, Ankola DD, Bhardwaj V, Sahana DK, Kumar MNVR. Role of antioxidants in prophylaxis and therapy: A pharmaceutical perspective Journal of Controlled Release, 113 (3) (2006), pp. 189-207, 10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.04.01523. Serban C, Sahebkar A, Antal D, Ursoniu S, Banach M. Effects of supplementation with green tea catechins on plasma C-reactive protein concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrition. 2015 Sep;31(9):1061-71. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2015.02.004. Epub 2015 Feb 19. Review.24. Tenore GC, Daglia M, Orlando V, D'Urso E, Saadat SH, Novellino E, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM. Coffee and Depression: A Short Review of Literature. Curr Pharm Des. 2015;21(34):5034-40. Review.25. Giovinazzo G, Grieco F Functional Properties of Grape and Wine Polyphenols. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2015 Dec;70(4):454-62. doi: 10.1007/s11130-015-0518-1. 26. Artero A, Artero A, Tarín JJ, Cano A.The impact of moderate wine consumption on health. Maturitas. 2015 Jan;80(1):3-13. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2014.09.007. Epub 2014 Oct 2. Review27. Proteggente AR, Pannala AS, Paganga G, Van de Buren L, Wagner E, Wiseman S, Van de Put, F, Decombe C, Rice-Evans CA. The antioxidant activity of regularly consumed vegetables reflects their phenolic and vitamin C composition. Free Radic. Res. 2002, 36, 217–233.28. Oboh HA. Okhai EO. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging abilities of some indigenous nigerian drinks. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Science, 2012, 20(1): 21-26.29. Stefani M, Rigacci S. Beneficial properties of natural phenols: highlight on protection against pathological conditions associated with amyloid aggregation. Biofactors. 2014 Sep-Oct;40(5):482-93. doi: 10.1002/biof.1171. Epub 2014 Jun 3.30. Friedman M. Antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties of wines and winery by products in relation to their flavonoid content. J Agric Food Chem. 2014;62(26): 6025-42.31. Ogunro PS, Ologunagba PO. The effect of palm wine on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status of rural dwellers in South West Nigeria. Niger Postgrad Med J. 2011;18(3):186-90.32. Ezeagu IE, Fafunso MA, Ejezie FE. Biochemical constituents of palmwine, Ecology of Food and Nutrition, 2003, 42:3, 213-222, DOI: 10.1080/0367024039022622233. Detto Karamoko1, N'Dédé Théodore Deni2, Jean-Luc Aboya Moroh1, Koffi Maïzan Jean-Paul Bouatenin2, Koffi Marcellin Dje. Biochemical and Microbial Properties of Palm Wine: Effect of Tapping Length and Varietal Differences. Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2016, 7, 763-771, http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/fns.2016.79077.34. Erukainure OL, Oyebode OA, Ijomone OM, Chukwuma CI, Koorbanally NA, Islam MS. Raffia palm (Raphia hookeri G. Mann & H. Wendl) wine modulates glucose homeostasis by enhancing insulin secretion and inhibiting redox imbalance in a rat model of diabetes induced by high fructose diet and streptozotocin. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2019, 237, 159. 35. Erukainure OL, Reddy R, Islam MS. Raffia palm (Raphia hookeri ) wine extenuates redox imbalance and modulates activities of glycolytic and cholinergic enzymes in hyperglycemia-induced testicular injury in type 2 diabetic rats. Journal of Food Biochemistry 2019, 43, e12764. 36. Isaac UE, Akpuaka FC, Ndukwe GU. The effect of intake of palm wine on body weight and testicular microarchitecture in adult wistar rats. J Exp Clin Anat [serial online] 2017,16:12-7. Available from: http://www.jecajournal.org/text.asp?2017/16/1/12/21263537. Official journal of the European Union. 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This Earn and Learn Programme (ELP) is a work-study programme designed to give fresh full-time Institute of Technical Education (ITE) Nitec/Higher Nitec graduates in Singapore a head-start in careers related to their discipline of study. It provides them with more opportunities, after graduation, to build on the skills and knowledge they acquired in school, and better supports their transition into the workforce..
Students are expected to have access to computer and internet during your study at SP eg. e-learning, writing report, etc.
Diploma course in Engineering (Control and Automation) will comply with the revised CET Diploma Framework. The revised CET Diploma Framework specifies that each CET diploma course consists of five 180-hour modular certificates (MC). Each MC is designed to be completed in one academic semester and is made up of 150 contact hours and 30 flexible learning hours. The flexible learning hours are non-timetabled curriculum hours set aside for self-paced learning activities like eLearning or project assignments.
The Earn and Learn Programme (ELP) aims to provide relevant knowledge and skills training to participants to perform installation, operation, testing and maintenance of electrical, instrumentation, automation and control systems of companies in Energy & Chemical, Power & Energy and other process manufacturing industries.
• Applicants must not suffer from serious colour appreciation deficiency.
• Applicants should have an ITE Nitec with GPA ≥ 2.0 or Higher Nitec qualification in technology or engineering discipline.
• Applicants must be hired by one of the participating companies for this Earn and Learn Programme.
• Applicants must be a Full-Time ITE graduate within 5 years of graduation or within 5 years from his last day of National Service (ORD).
This course consists of 5 Modular Certificates (MCs).
The first 18-month of the course is a SkillsFuture Earn and Learn Programme (comprising 3 Modular Certificates) where trainees go through classroom facilitation and On-the-Job Training (OJT) to deepen relevant occupational and industry knowledge and skills. The first 3 modular certificates comprise of academic modules conducted by Singapore Polytechnic and on-the-job-training (OJT) programme conducted by the participating companies for their respective employees.
Participants have the option to complete two additional modular certificates after the SkillsFuture Earn and Learn Programme to obtain a Diploma in Engineering (Control and Automation). The course structure for the ELP and Diploma in Engineering (Control and Automation) programme is shown below.
Upon completion of ELP and 2 additional Modular Certificates within a five-year validity period, the participant will be conferred a Diploma qualification from Singapore Polytechnic.
1. Which universities can I apply to after I complete my CET Diploma? You can apply to part-time undergraduate programmes which are relevant to your diploma course at NUS and UniSIM.
2. Will I need to take any bridging programme?
The revised part-time diploma is intended to be more accessible to the workforce, and is made shorter in duration compared to the full-time diploma because broad-based interdisciplinary modules, final year projects and internships, as well as academic modules such as Mathematics and Sciences, are omitted. As such, most part-time undergraduate programmes would require you to go through a bridging programme to prepare you adequately before admission.
3. If I need to take the bridging programme, how much will it cost and how long will it take?
While the bridging programmes are currently being worked out by the polytechnics and universities, the duration will depend on the type and nature of the part-time degree course that you apply for, and are expected to be between six months to a year. The fees will not be more expensive than undergraduate modules of comparable duration.


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Heart of Unity
Lead Product
ABOUT US | ADVISORY TEAM | KEITH R. LEONARD JR.
Anirvan Ghosh, PH.D.
Gilmore O'Neill
M.B.
KEITH R. LEONARD JR.
UNITY Biotechnology
Keith served as the Chief Executive Officer of UNITY Biotechnology from 2016 until March 2020. Previously, Keith served as the Chief Executive Officer of Kythera Biopharmaceuticals from its founding in 2005 to its acquisition by Allergan in 2015. Before Kythera, Keith spent 13 years at Amgen, ultimately as Senior Vice President and General Manager at Amgen Europe, where he ran all commercial operations in 28 countries. Prior to that position, Keith ran Amgen's manufacturing operations, established Amgen's presence in rheumatology, served as Head of Information Management, and had leadership roles in sales and marketing, engineering, operations, and finance. Keith has been an Independent Director of Anacor Pharmaceuticals, Affymax, and ARYx Therapeutics. Keith holds a Master of Business Administration from The Anderson School of Management, University of California, Los Angeles, a Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering from University of California, Berkeley, a Bachelor of Arts in History from University of Maryland, College Park, and a Bachelor of Science in Engineering from University of California, Los Angeles.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The Plan for 2021
Yep, Still Working On The Site
SciFi & Fantasy, Light & Dark Podcast
Short Random Lunacy
Big Changes to the Website
What's Current?
After-Accident Activity
Of Large Miracles and Small Cars
In the Land of Website Design
A Step Up From the Ever-Present Binky
Abandoned Stories…
My Writing Process – Part One
I Have A Great Idea, Would You Write It For Me?
Full-Time Writer? Ah…no.
Weekend Updates…
The Shoulder Drama
Just Pure Rage — Yep, This One's VERY Political
Rest in Peace, Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Would 2020 Just Go Home Already?
The LUCI Series
Meet Hector…
Meet Remy…
LUCI: Rhoades to Recovery Daily Lines 11-30-2020
Personal Hells… #DailyLines #LUCIRhoadesToRecovery November 7, 2020
LUCI: Rhoades to Recovery Daily Lines 11-3-2020
I've Found My Lilith
A First Draft Tease…
Sharing Something Happy
What Inspired the First LUCI Novel?
The Sumaire Web
Féasta Fola – A Tale of the Sumaire Web
Welcome to the Sumaire Web
What the HELL Does This Even Mean?
Droch Fola Sneak Peek: Page Seven
Look! Siofra and Nathaniel!
Tales of the Dragonguard
What Is Tales of the Dragonguard?
Random Update…11-17-2020
Illiterati Photography
The Mother of My Little White Angel
Cameras and Photography, a Gateway Drug
Internal Study of the Spotted Orchid
The 18-55mm Lens Arrived Today
Lucifer Fan Fiction
What's With All The LUCIFER FanFic?
Best Laid Plans (and all that)
Dating: Lucifer-style
The Couch Trip
Summoning the Demon
Sumaire – The Website of Anna Rose
The Weird World of a Working Author
Riiiiing…
The caller ID showed a familiar name and number, so she picked up the call. Yes, there were things going on that probably needed her attention, but it had been a while since last they spoke and she was curious what she wanted now.
"Ya, Chloe, what do you need? I'm supposed to go find some jackass bail-jumper in Vegas tonight. My contact says he's at the Rio, sucking down those giant margaritas they sell in the souvenir cups."
"Nothing, actually," the detective replied. Mazikeen could hear the smile in the woman's voice. Not many women reacted to her that way. "Actually, I was wondering if you were busy tomorrow night?"
"Why, what's up tomorrow night?" the demon wanted to know. "Stake-out?"
"No, actually, it's been forever since we had our last girl's night out, and I think it's time for another one."
"Lucifer has been back for five weeks and you can actually pry yourself loose from banging him for a night out with the girls?"
There was a moment of silence on the other end of the phone, and then a soft chuckle.
"Banging him? Really? That's where your mind went? Never you mind, Mazikeen. We're fine and dandy. Anyhow, I think someone has something plotted for Lucifer, so it's probably good that I get out of the way, and I figured that spending time with you would be fun," Chloe told her. "It sure was the last time."
Fun? Chloe had been pissed when she found out it was all part of a bet. Mazikeen hadn't actually expected to have as much fun as she had, when it was all said and done. But then, she had ended up with her first place to stay without being at Lucifer's beck and call, and that had meant something, when it came down to it.
"Dandy? Seriously? Dandy," Mazikeen shook her head. "Does this mean you've forgiven me?"
"I couldn't stay mad at you," the detective said. "Anyhow, like I said, it would be fun, and Linda would probably like some time away from Charlie to spend a little time with the other nominal adults. Trixie has already volunteered to babysit the little guy."
"Trixie said she'd babysit Charlie," Maze said flatly. "Does she know what she might be getting herself into?"
"Well, since she knew about you and Lucifer, I decided to tell her about Amenadiel and Charlie," Chloe said. "Once again, she seems to have known all along."
"She knew."
"Yep. She did."
"She's not natural, Decker."
"I think I just might agree with you, but—"
"Tomorrow night?"
"The Largo has a show, but we can start there and decide what we're going to do from there."
"The Little Room doesn't have much in the way of drinks, and they keep showing that never-ending stream of old Coronet films, but there is that bar right next door to it," Mazikeen suggested.
"Yes, there is, and they have decent booze on hand."
"You know we could just go to Lux for free drinks, right?"
"Yes, I do, but then Lucifer or anyone else could just drop by, or he could have his other employees share information on whatever we'd done. Plus, Dan's been doing a lot of drinking out that way, and I just don't want to get into it with him."
Decker's ex hadn't been all that happy when Lucifer had made his reappearance. He'd been even less thrilled when Chloe began doing a bit of part-time cohabitation with the man who had been his romantic nemesis before he and his former wife had formally ended their relationship. It probably poked at him that his daughter liked Lucifer as much as she did.
"Okay, Decker, you've made your point," Mazikeen surrendered. "The Largo? What time?"
"The show is at eight, but seating is first come, first served, so, depending on what kind of seats you want, that decides when we show up."
"You know, the show doesn't interest me, but I'll meet you at that bar next door at eight. Does that work for you?"
"It does. I'll call Linda and make sure she can come," Chloe said. "To be honest, I asked Trixie about babysitting first, then called you, and now I'll ask Linda. Does that make me a bad person?"
"No, just practical," Maze told her. "And thanks for thinking of inviting me, Decker. I had fun that night, believe it or not."
"I did, too, Maze. I'm sorry about how I reacted. Lucifer was right, but don't ever tell him I said that."
"My lips are sealed, Decker," Chloe could almost swear she heard the demon grinning on the other end of the conversation. "So, who is plotting against Lucifer? Something I should know about?"
"Against? No, not against. I think that Amenadiel is planning to take Lucifer out of bed and get him to do something else."
"You do realize, don't you, that Lucifer had a serious case of blue balls while you two were separated, right?" Mazikeen reminded her. "Except for that time with Eve, once you told him you didn't want him with other partners, he stopped completely."
"I hadn't really thought about it, but you're right," Chloe said, her voice taking on a suggestive tone. "Maybe I should postpone girls' night out for a bit."
"No you don't, Decker," Maze protested. "You've brought it up and invited me, and you'd better follow through!" `
"Oh, don't forget to invite Eve along, Maze," Chloe told the demon, surprising her even more than she had been before.
"Eve? Are you sure?"
"She's your girlfriend, right? Of course she's welcome! I've been told she's good at being the life of the party. Maybe we can pry that perpetual appletini out of her hand and introduce her to real drinks, for a change."
Mazikeen laughed. Eve's girlie drink tastes were maddening, especially her fixation on those stupid appletinis.
"This is sounding like a lot more fun than I thought it might be," Mazikeen admitted. "Thanks for inviting Eve along. I don't think she thinks you like her."
"What's not to like, Maze. She's naïve, yes, but that doesn't mean she's stupid. I'm ready to see her again and maybe work on getting to know her better, away from Lucifer."
There, there it was. The line. The demon ground her teeth at the thought.
"You really think she'll try to get him back?" Maze wanted to know. "She stepped away when everything happened with Charlie. She just wants to be forgiven."
"There's nothing to forgive, Maze. Really. I just think that she needs to learn to have fun on her own, without the aim of wanting others to like her. She's her own person, not a cypher. It's something she has to learn, right?"
"You're a lot more understanding and enlightened than I think I could be, Chloe."
"I think you're wrong, Maze," was Chloe's reply.
"Oh, why would you think that?"
"Mazikeen, how long was it just you and Lucifer, and then I came into the picture," she asked the demon. "For so long, any partners he had were fleeting, and then I showed up. I shook things up more than a bit."
"Oh, that's nothing."
"No, Maze, it's something. It really is something. I know you weren't comfortable with me coming into your lives but still you did your version of welcoming me in."
"Lucifer wouldn't have tolerated anything else."
"Obeying your boss and becoming my actual friend are two different things, Maze, and if I thought there was anything at all wrong with you, you wouldn't still be part of my life," she replied. "Hell, you go off and do whatever it is you're not telling me about with my daughter and I haven't put a stop to it!"
Oh. And there it was.
"I'm her mother. Of course, I know."
"I'll stop, then."
"No, no need to stop. Just don't get her into any real trouble and it'll be fine."
"You okay Decker? Someone got a gun pulled on you and you're giving me some clue?"
The detective laughed, the sound turning infectious, and the demon joined in her laughter.
"No, I've decided that if Lucifer can trust you as much as he does, I can trust you, too."
A warm feeling grew inside the demon. It was an amazing sensation.
"So, then. Tomorrow night? At the bar next door to the Largo? Not the strip club across the street!"
Mazikeen laughed.
"Not my thing, Decker. Sure, the bar next door. I'll bring Linda and Eve with me."
"Great! I'll bring Ella."
"Ella? Seriously?"
"She's a lot more fun than you realize."
"You know you're endangering the secret, bringing her along."
"Look, Maze, Lucifer has never kept it a secret. He's always been open with who he is. It's not his fault that people don't believe him unless they see something," Chloe replied. "I'm thinking that someday Ella will find out, but I think she's the kind of person who will take it all much more easily than either the doctor or I did."
"Now that would be something to see."
"Yes, but this isn't a challenge. Don't push that envelope."
"Fine. Be that way."
"I will be. See you tomorrow night, then. I'm looking forward to it."
"Ya, Decker, me, too."
About Anna Rose
The SciFi and Fantasy, Light and Dark Podcast
Welcome, September 1, 2020.
Ye Olde Art Gallery
Lucifer Morningstar
Remy Immediately After Luci Intervenes
Ms. Gigi
Trevor the Demon
Professor Hector Rhoades
Erlua and the Dragon
French Mom and Daughter
Copyright 2020 Sumaire Press - All Rights Reserved


Stay at Gentian Cottage, a truly wonderful place. Set on an elevated site in The Burren, overlooking the Atlantic Ocean, the Aran Islands and Galway Bay.
A newly built beautiful stone faced cottage situated on an elevated site with panaromic views which overlook the beautiful Aran Islands and the majestic Cliffs of Moher, all the while the Burren limestone sweeps up from the Atlantic ocean and casts its magic spell on all who stay here.
Doolin village which is famous for its traditional Irish music and amazing restaurants and ' Creamy pints of Guinness' is just 2.5 miles from the cottage and Lisdoonvarna village famous for it's Sulphur Baths and water and not forgetting the Match Making Festival (running for the month of September) is only 3.5 miles the opposite direction.
With accommodation for up to 8 people this charming cottage is beautifully decorated throughout. While combining a flag stone entrance hall with pine floors and an open fire makes it a cosy yet spacious holiday home of choice. Gentian Cottage is ideally situated for all your holiday needs.
The cottage is on the verge of the Burren walking routes "Green Road" which are suitable for hikers and walkers alike, for all to experience the amazing scenery of the Burren and Ocean.


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About > News > Global Pathways alumni excel at Pace University
Global Pathways alumni excel at Pace University
01 Aug 2016 - Lindsay Bennett
We are proud to announce that several Global Pathways program alumni were awarded honors before Pace University's graduation ceremonies this year. They have been recognized for their outstanding academic achievements, as well as for their active roles within the University community.
Pace's Lubin School of Business honors the graduating students who have achieved the highest grade point average (GPA) in each of its undergraduate and graduate degree programs. This year, an impressive 7 of the 27 award-winning students were alumni of the Global Pathways program.
Meanwhile, Global Pathways program alumnus Vaibhav Dubey (MS Information Systems) received the Seidenberg School of Computer Science and Information Systems Alumni Achievement Award. Vaibhav was recognized for his academic excellence as well as his active participation in the Pace community.
Vaibhav Dubey receives the Alumni Achievement Award from the Seidenberg School of Computer Science and Information Systems
Preparing students for academic success
Global Pathways program Director Catrillia Young sees these recent achievements as a clear sign that Pace University Pathways is preparing students to be academically successful from the time they arrive at Pace all the way through graduation.
"My team provides extensive, personalized academic advising so that students can easily handle coursework after completing their pathway program. Students learn study skills and gain a clear understanding of the academic resources available at Pace."
Shijia Wu, who earned top honors for the MBA program in Accounting, believes that the Global Pathways program provides "the perfect transition" for international students coming to study and live in the USA for the first time.
"I've seen a lot of Global Pathways program students gain confidence in their coursework, job searches, and in their interactions with professors and other students."
During the program, she made many new friends, learned about American culture, and improved her communication and writing skills.
Lingzhi Dai (MS Accounting) agrees. "I still remember how scared I used to be to speak in public. I was afraid of making mistakes. But the Global Pathways program helped me to build up my courage."
Success beyond Pace University
The honored students continue to impress following their recent graduation. For example, Vaibhav and Lingzhi have accepted positions at MasterCard Worldwide and PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC), respectively. Shijia will begin a PhD program in Accounting at the University of California, Irvine this autumn.
Visit Pace University Pathways to learn more about the Global Pathways program in New York, or use the degree finder below to see what you could study at Pace.
Search for degrees at Pace University
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In the spring, Tesla, with funds provided by Uncles Petar and Pajo, packed his gear and caught the next boat for America. His trip didn't start too smoothly because his ticket, money and some of his luggage were stolen. To make matters worse, a mutiny broke out on the ship and Tesla was nearly thrown overboard. Through his strong resolve, Tesla was not deterred. He arrived in New York a few weeks later with four cents in his pocket, a few poems and remnants of his belongings.
Some accounts state that Tesla started the very day he arrived in New York. Others put his start date on the following day. Regardless of the discrepancy, we know that Edison essentially hired Tesla on the spot but would hear nothing of his A.C. power system. Tesla was soon dispatched to Henry Villard's ocean liner, the Oregon, the first boat ever to have electric lighting. The set of dynamos that powered the ship were badly damaged and Edison was amazed to learn that Tesla had repaired them. He was quoted as calling Tesla "a damn good man." While Tesla worked for Edison he also installed and repaired incandescent and arc lamps, reassembled D.C. generators and designed twenty-four different types of machines that became standards replacing original Edison designs.


As part of this launch we will also be revamping our social media! Please like our Facebook page here. We know many of you have come to Kelly's for years, so please share your positive experiences with others by leaving a review!
Also, please follow our official Instagram here. We will be soon be sharing examples of of all the beautiful nails here! If you are super happy with your nails and happy to share them on our official Instagram page, please let us know!


SnapLOCK gutter systems are made out of two pieces that snap together. The shaft is made of aluminum, and the washer is made of nylon. The shaft is 1/2″ long with a 5/8″ diameter head. The washer is 5/8″ in diameter and 1/8″ thick.
These materials make SnapLOCK gutters more durable than screws or rivets. The pieces will not wear out or fall off with time, preventing gutter extensions from falling off.


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Philodendron curvilobum är en kallaväxtart som beskrevs av Heinrich Wilhelm Schott. Philodendron curvilobum ingår i släktet Philodendron och familjen kallaväxter. Inga underarter finns listade.

Källor

Kallaväxter
curvilobum

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Skin that is lacking in moisture. The dry skin problem causes itchy, tender skin. It is a condition involving the integumentary system, which in most cases can safely be treated with emollients and moisturizers. Their skin is very sensitive to temperature fluctuations.
Give a mixture of 1 egg yolk, 1 tbs. of orange juice and olive oil, some drops of lime juice and few drops of rose water. Use this mixture on the face in the morning 15 minutes before taking bath.
Take 1 avocado, peel and mash. Then apply on the dry skin to make it smoother. Wait for a while and wash with warm water.
Mix the above ingredients together and apply on your skin.
A diet consist of vitamin A, B and E. It can be taken for an inner glow in the skin.
Replenishing the moisture in the skin when use of leafy vegetables.
How to get rid from dry skin?
After drying off after a shower apply grape seed oil to the skin.
Egg Mask: Blend 1 egg white, 1 teaspoon camphor spirit, 1 tablespoon skim milk powder and a drop of mint essential oil. Before applying the mask, apply odorless castor oil. Apply the mask, keep it for 15 minutes; wash it off with warm water to be rinsed by apple cider vinegar and water / witch hazel solution.
Make a puree of 1 banana and 1 papaya, peach or avocado. Apply to skin. Leave on for at least 20 minutes then rinse with warm water, followed by a moisturizer of natural margarine or natural vegetable oil.
Almond and grape seed oil are the quickest fixes for dry skin. They soak into your skin faster than creamy moisturizers.


Well, the answer is yes, it does. To understand more about the benefits of using art prints in schools, keep reading.
Different traditions and cultures have always influenced art painting. The difference can be noted in the way subjects of different paintings dress, dance and even stare. For instance, take 'Mona Lisa' by Da Vinci and 'The Maharashtrian Lady' by Raja Ravi Varma. Now, if you hang these two paintings in a classroom, students will get to know the sea of differences between the traditions of the two countries, India and Italy.
This is an easy way to introduce kids to different cultures around the world. If you want the kids to learn more about Chinese culture, hang a couple of Chinese paintings in the classroom. Believe it; students will be more curious to grasp information from these paintings than from the textbooks!
It's true that art paintings help students to understand different cultures. But how does it help to improve his academic abilities? Here is how. Paintings make kids more observant and improve their analytical skills. Some or most art of the paintings demand a curious eye and mind to understand its meaning. For a couple of times, they might need some help to break down the riddle of colors. But, sooner or later, they will master the art of reading art. This is how they learn to observe, interpret and analyze any issue in life. This will also make them better at academic subjects.
As a student, it is important to have a creative and receptive mind. Not too surprisingly, art paintings can help in this cause. Most art paintings are results of an unconventional and unorthodox thinking. Paintings like these will encourage kids to think outside the box and to keep an open mind for accepting new ideas. At times, the painting might implicate something entirely different as to what we see. When a kid gets to know this implied meaning, he or she will try to think different. And, to be fair, it is this difference in thinking that we call creativity!
There are very few things tend to grow with repeated use. In fact, most things get tainted and tarnished with repeated use. However, when it comes to human brains, the more you use it, the sharper it will get. Every kid will start to look at art paintings with extreme adoration and great curiosity. Their brain will travel miles to understand the real meaning behind the painting. Curiosity will force them to think like Sherlock Holmes and this will stimulate the development of brain. Eventually, this will prove helpful in his studies and future life.
When you are talking about art prints in school, you are talking about kids. And when you talk about kids, you can hardly keep fun away from the canvas! Hanging art paintings in classroom will encourage the kids to have some fun. They can draw their own versions of that painting. Take the example of Mona Lisa. You will find several different avatars of this smiling beauty on the internet. Likewise, the kids will have some fun time creating their own versions of Mona Lisa!
Who would have thought art prints can have this much benefits, if used in schools! Is there any better academic subjects that can improve a student's analytical skills and make him open-minded? I don't think so. So, if you do not have an art print in your classroom, get one today and hang it on the wall.
Now it is your turn. Did you find this article helpful? Do you use art paintings in your school? Please let us know your thoughts.


The North and South American sales and service operations of Diamond and Moba, two leading manufacturers of egg grading and packing equipment, have merged as of 15 January, 2009.
The newly combined organization is named "Diamond Moba Americas". This organization is created to offer the most effective sales, service and spare parts network to the extensive customer base in North and South America for both brands.
Diamond Moba Americas combines the operations of Diamond Automations, Inc. in Farmington Hills MI, and Moba USA, Inc. in Lancaster PA, and is headed by Douglas P. Mack, President. Support offices are located in Canada, the USA and South America and provide close proximity to the customer base in the region.
Stan Drouen, Director Marketing and Sales for Diamond Moba Americas, explains: "The ongoing consolidation in the American egg industry causes egg packing stations to become more and more efficient and sophisticated, demanding ever increasing levels of service and support for their egg grading and packing equipment.
"Our customers will benefit from the availability and the capacity that is offered by joining the sales and service forces of our two brands.
"Diamond Moba Americas markets the entire combined product portfolio of both brands, a portfolio that continues to be enriched with newly developed products and technologies. We look forward to present ourselves as well as the latest equipment of Moba and Diamond at the IPE show in Atlanta, later this month".


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Q: Getting row data on Interactive Report Morning,
I'm currently using an Interactive Report on APEX that contains several columns, some of them being checkboxes that represent if a certain number is present in the table that is being used to fill the report.
For example, row 1 has a telephone number "99091021", row 2 a provider, and the following 5 rows are checkboxes that should represent branches in certain areas. If a checkbox is clicked, it means that this number is present in that area.
Now, I'd like to create a dynamic action that inserts that number into that table when I click the checkbox (and it becomes checked), and a delete for when it's also clicked (and becomes unchecked). Problem is, I don't know how to access the rest of the data in the row of the IR to use as a comparison for the delete and insert statements.
Say I try to click the Checkbox 3 on the row where the telephone number is "99091021". A dynamic function would get the data row, then a true action would compare the necessary data to perform either an insert or delete, depending on the state of the checkbox. That's the plan.
I've done something similar before, using localStorage, but it didn't quite work, because before I used it on an interactive grid. Is there a similar function for interactive reports?
Also, is there a way to check if a checkbox is checked or unchecked in a PL/SQL Code?

A: Here's the solution I found:
I had a select that got the necessary data for the Interactive Report, but because I kept getting an error of temporary data table being exceeded and always breaking the server, I had to change the checkbox query to something like this:
apex_item.checkbox (1, '1_'||a.pk, case when max(decode(b.nr,1,1,null)) is null then '' else 'CHECKED' end) as checkbox1

The '1_' part represents me selecting the first checkbox. With the value still there as the selection, I was able to do the following:
$s("P165_GET_PK",this.triggeringElement.value)

The result would basically be "1_PK_number". With this function I was able to get the value (a.pk) hidden in the checkbox to an Apex item, and then continue using it for my insert and delete statements. It's just a matter of separating the value in it with substring functions and so on.
Now I can delete or insert new data inside that table with a simple click.
I hope it helps in case someone tries doing something similar.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


InanItah is part of the La Ciquena Water Cooperative, a cooperative of people working together to maintain a gravity fed water system along 4km of tubing to a region of Isla de Ometepe. Most members of the cooperative are subsistence farmers, so when lines break, they are able to provide the labor, but finding the financial means to make necessary repairs is very challenging.
During the recent water crisis, almost 1300 ft of tubing was taken out by the storm. Because of the many generous donations that have been made to the La Ciquena Water Cooperative fund, there was enough financial support available to purchase essential repair parts. To make the necessary repairs, 1300 ft of new tubing had to be purchased, and it required a community effort of 25 co-op members working together for two days.
The long-term plan for the La Ciquena Water Cooperative fund is to gain enough financial support to build a 70,000L ferrocement tank, which will provide drinking water for the entire community in emergency cases when the water lines break.
If you would like to support this project, please use the donate button below. We are very grateful for your contributions!
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged aid, donate, projects, water. Bookmark the permalink.
Your retreat space looks awesome.


JERUSALEM (Reuters) - The European Central Bank is ready to act to aid the euro zone economy if needed, while signs of market stabilization mean interest rates are becoming a more effective tool again, ECB chief Mario Draghi said on Tuesday.
Speaking in Jerusalem at a farewell conference for Bank of Israel Governor Stanley Fischer, Draghi said there were numerous measures the ECB could and would deploy if needed, and that it was ready to tackle any unintended consequences.
"We have been able to regain better control of monetary conditions in the euro area economy, which is very important for providing the appropriate monetary policy impulse to the economy," Draghi said in a speech.
The ECB president said the transmission of its monetary policy was on the mend, so that all corners of the euro zone could benefit from low interest rates, currently 0.5 percent.
His comments surprised some economists.
"I am not sure I get what the ECB tries to convey with this," said Deutsche Bank senior European economist Gilles Moec.
The ECB has discussed options including cutting its deposit rate into negative territory at recent meetings but decided such moves were not justified despite tough lending conditions for households and companies in the euro zone's crisis-hit south.
Data this month showed borrowing costs rose further in April for small businesses in Italy and Spain, while the amount banks in those countries lent to local firms declined.
"Draghi's comments highlight that the ECB has not run out of ammunition and still has sufficient fire power to stimulate the economy if needed even though interest rates are close to zero," said Tobias Blattner, economist at Daiwa Capital Markets.
Draghi said the calming effect on markets of the ECB's bond-buying pledge last summer and economic reform had eased the emergency settings which have undermined the central bank's influence on borrowing costs for euro zone firms and households.
It was important to note that economic and financial fragmentation in the euro area had gone down significantly since last summer, he said, which had helped the real economies of all euro zone countries.
The ECB held interest rates unchanged at a record low 0.5 percent in June, but said it had discussed a raft of options it could deploy should the economy need more stimulus.
Draghi said on Tuesday the euro zone economy was still in a phase of adjustment, with recent survey data suggesting some improvement, but from low levels. He also referred to a rise in German wages and stronger exports to the rest of the world.
"These are data which seem to hint at a rebalancing of the situation. The role that exports will play in the oncoming recovery, which we expect by year-end this year, is important," Draghi said.
The president reiterated that the ECB would "monitor very closely all incoming information on economic and monetary developments and stand ready to act if necessary".
The unconventional options the Governing Council discussed in June included very long-term loans to banks, measures to fire up the market for asset-backed securities to boost lending to smaller companies and tweaks to its collateral framework.
But it concluded that economic conditions did not warrant such moves, or making banks pay to park their money with the ECB overnight by taking the deposit rate into negative territory, or cutting its main interest rate further.
Lowering the deposit rate below zero could encourage banks to lend money to the real economy rather than hold it at the ECB, though it could also have a big impact on banks' own operations and major implications for funding and bond markets.
Such possible unintended consequences did not mean the measure should not be used, Draghi said on Tuesday.
"We will continue reflecting on all these measures and we are ready to tackle (them) with all the unintended consequences they may entail," he said.


Come out to Cape Fear Botanical Garden and gaze at the stars. Walk a luminary-lit path as you learn facts about the sky, sit by the fire as you gaze at the stars and meet local astronomy enthusiasts who will help you explore the night sky! There will be scheduled and continuous activities to pique the interest of all levels of astronomers. This is a great date night or family event!
This event is included with general admission or membership. No pre-registration is required. Please bring a flashlight.


eBay is offering the Breville BES870XL Barista Express Espresso Machine for the lowest price.
I bought one refurbed on Woot! almost 2 years ago. It is unreal how well this thing works. Starbucks and others are no longer harvesting my hard-earned ca on a daily basis.
I paid $500 for one of these 2 years ago. Using it every day. Best money ever spent. $450 is a steal.


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Q: Best strategy to revert faulty asp.net deployment Currently I package my changes using the publish wizard in Visual Studio and take those files to the server and run the deploy batch file in command line.
What is the best strategy to use if I have issues in the deployment and I want to revert back my website/service to the last working state?

A: Since your deployment is a manual process, it would probably be best to create a backup zip or copy of the webroot - this could be added as a command in your batch file before the other commands.
Alternatively, you could create a label in your source control system each time you deploy which would give you the ability to re-deploy a previous version.  I would only advise this approach though if you have some sort of CI process in place to guarantee that the label is done prior to each deployment/release, otherwise your process is dependent on the person deploying remembering to create that label - if they forget, then you can't restore that previous version.


text:
import { bootstrap, provide } from 'angular2/angular2';
import { Router, RouteConfig, RouteParams, LocationStrategy, HashLocationStrategy, ROUTER_PROVIDERS, ROUTER_DIRECTIVES, ROUTER_PRIMARY_COMPONENT } from 'angular2/router';
import { App } from './app/app.js';

bootstrap(App, [
  provide(LocationStrategy, { useClass: HashLocationStrategy })
]);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The 1st supplementary quantity in "The Chemistry of useful teams" sequence used to be released in 1976. This incorporated 13 chapters within the kind of essay-reviews complementing the unique major volumes within the sequence on C=C, C=O, C=N and N=N double bonds. As then, within the current moment complement A2, numerous of the authors have been requested to put in writing chapters which provide a unified and comparative therapy of a number of double-bonded useful teams jointly. This goal has been accomplished and certainly greater than half the chapters within the booklet are such integrative ones, focused within the first a part of the amount. different chapters care for certain matters which for varied purposes haven't been taken care of within the unique volumes or in complement A. The literature insurance in such a lot chapters is as much as in regards to the finish of 1987 and in certain cases even to the center of 1988.
Fortunately for you, there is Schaum's Outlines. greater than forty million scholars have relied on Schaum's to aid them achieve the study room and on checks. Schaum's is the main to swifter studying and better grades in each topic. each one define offers all of the crucial direction details in an easy-to-follow, topic-by-topic layout. you furthermore may get hundreds and hundreds of examples, solved difficulties, and perform workouts to check your skills.
Fully suitable along with your lecture room textual content, Schaum's highlights all of the vital evidence you want to understand. Use Schaum's to shorten your examine time-and get your most sensible try scores!
As geological threats turn into extra approaching, society needs to make a tremendous dedication to extend the resilience of its groups, infrastructure, and voters. contemporary earthquakes in Japan, New Zealand, Haiti, and Chile offer stark reminders of the devastating impression significant earthquakes have at the lives and fiscal balance of hundreds of thousands of individuals world wide.
This 6-page examine consultant includes easy chemistry research and ideas designed particularly to help technology scholars.
The electronic global profoundly shapes how we paintings and eat and in addition how we play, socialize, create identities, and have interaction in politics and civic existence. certainly, we're so enmeshed in electronic networks—from social media to telephone phones—that it truly is tough to conceive of them from the surface or to visualize another, not to mention defy their doubtless inescapable strength and good judgment.
There are several possibilities to circumvent the problem of isomerization. Field ionization (FI) seems to be an ideal solution, since the fragmentation is faster than the isomerization. Effectively, it has been shown by Levsen and coworkers64 for 19 olefins from C4 to C8 that the fragments thus obtained are typical for the location of the double bond. However, the difficulty to obtain reproducible results with the FI technique prevented widespread use. All methods that induce either a fragmentation that is faster than a shift of the double bond or use ionization energies at the threshold of the ionization energy are potentially useful candidates.
W. Gill and J. A. Pople, J. Chem. , 98, 5612 (1993). A. D. Becke, J. Chem. , 98, 5648 (1993). J. Baker, J. Andzelm, M. Muir and P. R. Taylor, Chem. Phys. , 237, 53 (1995). B. G. Johnson, C. A. Gonzales, P. M. W. Gill and J. A. Pople, Chem. Phys. , 221, 100 (1994). C. Heinemann, R. H. Hertwig, R. Wesendrup, W. Koch and H. Schwarz, J. Am. Chem. , 117, 495 (1995). M. S. Gordon, J. Am. Chem. , 104, 4352 (1982). B. J. DeLeeuw, R. G. Grev and H. F. Schaefer III, J. Chem. , 69, 441 (1992). H. Basch and T.
Ni and Harrison122 studied the singly charged transition metal ions from ScC through CuC with six acyclic C5 H8 isomers. ScC , TiC and VC , produced by FAB ionization of the solid metal chlorides, give distinctly different spectra for all isomers investigated. CI spectra with MeNH2 as reagent gas have been studied by Budzikiewicz, Laufenberg and Brauner123 . , i-C4 H10 or NO) to straight-chain Z-alkenes. Addition to the double bond occurs also with E-di-, tri- and tetra-substituted and cyclic olefins.


Q, what is semi-permanent makeup?
A; Also known as micropigmentation or permeant makeup. Semi-permanent makeup is a type of cosmetic tattooing most the common procedures are eyebrows, eyeliner and lips. I specialise in eyebrow tattoo. The results can vary from natural enhancement to the imitation of makeup.
Q, What does the semi-permanent makeup treatment involve?
A, Within The initial consultation your requirements will be discussed to establish the best result for you. Several aspects will be taken into consideration including, your image, skin tone, facial features, hair colour and your life style. Specific colours will be blended perfectly to match your requirements. Within the procedure itself microscopic particles of pigment are implanted into the reticular layer of skin.
Q, will it look natural?
A, yes it will look natural a great deal of time and care will be taken into your treatment to ensure you get the natural result you desire.
Q, How long will it last?
A, A guideline would be anything between one – five years before a second treatment is required. However, I advise waiting no longer than 18 months for the treatment to look its best. It is better to maintain the brow during the first 12-18 months to get the best from your look. Once the colour starts to change you are ready for a retouch.
Factors that affect the longevity of the tattoo vary from person to person, skin type, diet, genetics and environmental factors can affect the pigment being retained. Sunbed and sun exposure can affect the pigment, but can be prevented with proper protection.
Q, what if I want to have cosmetic surgery at some point?
A, whether you are considering or have already had cosmetic surgery it is not a problem. I will work to compliment your natural features and contours. Do not overlap surgery and semi-permanent makeup, allow them to heal separately. Please call me to discuss any questions specific to your procedure.
Q, what if I have any medical issues?
A, It's fairly uncommon people are not suitable for semi-permanent make up due to medical matters. However, a full assessment of your medical history will be conducted prior to your procedure.
Q, are there any risks involved?
A, the risks are minimal however, because the treatment does involve implanting semi permanent pigments into the skin there is risk of allergic reaction, undesired result or colour, infection, scaring and misplaced colour. You can be assured you are in safe hands as I adhere to the highest standards of health and safety.
Q, can I drink alcohol prior to my semi-permanent makeup treatment?
A, I advise you not to consume any alcohol the night before or on the day of your treatment. It can affect retention of pigment.
Q, Should I bring my brow pencil?
A, Yes, I would like to see what colour tones you use for your brows this will help me chose the pigments for your semi-permanent makeup.
Q, Can I have my eyebrows waxed before the treatment?
A, Waxing should be done 48hrs before any tattoo treatment.
Q, Can I have electrolysis on my brows before my treatment?
A, Leave a minimum of five days between electrolysis and semi-permanent makeup.
Q, Do I have to shave my eyebrows?
A, No, you do not need to groom your brows before your treatment. I work alongside your natural direction of hair growth to create a natural look. I can tidy any stray hairs during your treatment.


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Gaye's wisdom is well grounded in academic insights and has been seasoned and refined by many discoveries in the field. Rest assured Gaye has done the hard yards for you. She has painstakingly collated and summarized proven resources, and revisited some of her disappointments, key successes and triumphs as an Educator.
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London Brick 312, London 2011
The brick: simple, humble, beautiful, practical, functional. Imagine London with its countless brick houses, monuments, bridges, museums. Each building contains tens of thousands of bricks. With a population of over seven and a half million people. London is made up of millions of houses, most of them made of bricks. Even a quick and vaque calculation makes us realize that London is made of tens if not hundreds of billions of bricks.
Billions of bricks. The building blocks of society.
Aside from the sheer incomprehensible quantity this represents what is inspiring is to think of the millions of people these bricks symbolise: those who made them, those who built them, those who live and work within their walls, the past they reference and the future they promise. The interest in architecture has always been present, not just from an aesthetic point of view, but a philosophical one. I view the city as a metaphor for our lives, a living organism that is perpetually evolving.
A brick can exists in and by itself, however it only takes on a meaning when placed with others. Each brick is connected in one way or another to another brick, whether next to it, somewhere else in that building, another building, another country, another time…
A townhouse in London may directly reference a Roman palace of a Greek temple. Equally, modernist architecture, though vastly different in appearance, is intimately related to the humble brick that it strives to be different from it.
One cannot exists without the other. The same is true of humans. We can of course exit as single entities, but we define who we are in relation to others. We may strive to define ourselves in clear terms, to be precise about our individual characteristics and how we differ from others, but the truth is that each one of us is a collection of universal traits and their opposites. In Chinese philosophy, this duality is best described by yin and yang, the principles of the universe.
This duality is equally present in the building blocks of architecture. The brick can be used to create or to destroy. Immobile, unused, its use is undetermined, only intention gives its function.A building can be seen both as a shelter, offering a haven from the chaos of everyday life, as a prison, creating a barrier between the individual and the world.


Doing some short recap from previous routing videos we remember that for two devices in different subnets to communicate the routing is needed. To commyncate outside the subnets default gatway is neededand this role serves the router. When packet comes to router interface frame is tripped and ip header is chekced in looking for destination ip of packet. Then the routing table is consulted to match destination ip. If match is found router sends the packet out of given interface towards the next hop. The routing table has routing entries. The entries come from the routing sources. Sources can be connected network, static route to desitination manually added by administrator or information from dynamic routing protocol.
Each routing information source has its importance called administrative distance. The lower ad is the more important entry is. When router has more than one routing information identicall in terms of prefix length (meaning network mask length) it compares the AD before putting the entry into routing table. If AD is equal router enters two entries into the routing table resulting in load balancing the traffic to given destination.
Now I will show the most common applications of routing enterprise environments to stick to reality. The first scenario is when the comapny has many geogrphicaly separated offices, magazines, storages shops and so on. Alle of tchem require connectivity at least for connections to central systems of articles, prices, invoices, documents and so on. In addition to that connectivity for IP telephony, Instant messaging , mailing and finally for administration purposes is needed. All this leads to critical requirement for connetivity. This kind of network is called Wide Are Network – WAN and is crucial for company to effectively do it's business. In cush manner to achieve routing consistency WAN network needs to well designed, IP addressing planned with the global routing plan and routing between locations is the main critical point here. In such cases where the company has several or hundreds of location and each lcation as at least few subnets dynamic routing is naturally of first choice. This is because of scale, mistakes avoidance and the need for quick reconvergence. Today there are many solutions for such WAN networks like encrypted VPNs , MPLS links or pyblic or hybrid Cloud environemnts, but all of them need routing.
The second scenario when routing is needed is capmus network where you will meet several network segments. The typical segments there are printer subnets where you will find all printers in the campus, IP phones subnets where there are at least one subnet within /24 network. Of course there are also users subnets again at least one and those subnets are in the access layer segments used commonly everydey by users. The tendency in campus is that those subnets are connected with so called enterprise core device like big layer 3 device. Most often the enterprise core device is f high port density and high performance because it operates at layer 2 and layer 3 simultaneously so is kind of functional mix between switch and router. The other subnets in campus are separated from user access subnets. Those are Data center subnets where bare metal and virtual servers are located, data bases exists and special purpose systems are located. Very often such DC is separaeted by own DC Switch to enable so called fault isolation. In case of some issues experience in user access part where the risk is relativly higher the the DC isolation can save the DC. Somteimes is worth to disable some user segments and let the DC survive because for example DC servers as a ecommerce backedn or serves as systems for other comapny locations.


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Maria Serraino (1931 – 7 December 2017) was an Italian female criminal and a member of the 'Ndrangheta in Calabria. She is one of the rare examples of a woman leading a 'Ndrangheta clan.

She belongs to a longstanding 'Ndrangheta family from the Reggio Calabria area, the Serraino 'ndrina, from Cardeto, about 10 km southeast of the city of Reggio Calabria. She is a cousin of Paolo Serraino, the boss of the Calabrian branch of the clan.

Moving north
She married Rosario Di Giovine, a prolific tobacco smuggler. Between 1949 and 1985, he was sentenced 65 times for tobacco smuggling and 23 other violations of the tobacco monopoly rules. In 1963 the family moved to Milan. The Serraino-Di Giovine clan ultimately controlled the territory around Piazza Prealpi, a square located in the north of Milan, and via Belgioioso. The family began their illegal career with smuggling cigarettes and receiving stolen goods. Maria Serraino, stood for trial on tobacco smuggling seven times and six times for fencing in the 1970s.

During the 1970s, the trade shifted from cigarettes to drugs (including hashish, cocaine, heroin, and ecstasy) and weapons, and involved the whole family of twelve children. The weapons were sent to Calabria, where their relatives were involved in the Second 'Ndrangheta war (1985–1991). Her older sons, Antonio and Emilio Di Giovine, who dealt in stolen cars, helped to develop the drug trade from their contacts with foreign criminals. Within a few years time, the family's activities concentrated on the drug business and by the late 1980s, the Serraino-Di Giovine clan ran one of the largest and most successful drug dealing enterprises in Milan. Their small local business transformed into a significant international trade.

Running the clan
While the mother ruled the actual fiefdom in Milan, another central operation was located in Spain and managed by Emilio Di Giovine, trafficking hashish from Morocco to England and cocaine from Colombia to Milan. The operation in Milan was fully recognized by other criminal organizations that ran drug trafficking in neighbouring areas. Drug suppliers dealt only and exclusively with her, unwilling to risk taking other customers out of fear of reprisals. She ensured the overall operation of the association by distributing merchandise to her other sons and  other partners, as well as collecting the money from middleman. Other important duties involved contacts with corrupt law enforcement officers.

She had various nicknames, such as Nonna eroina ("Grandma heroin"), Mamma eroina ("Mummy Heroin"), or simply La Signora ("The Lady"). According to Maria's daughter, Rita Di Giovine, who became a state witness (pentito) in 1993: "My mother was the boss of the family. She was the one who gave the orders, even if my brother [Emilio] was the boss in name. She decided who was to do what, but she did it all in a way that my brother wouldn't notice she was running the family, not him."

Downfall
The organisation was dismantled in 1993-1995 by three police operations, called Belgio from the name of the street where the clan resided. Some 180 members of the organisation were arrested. An important factor in the downfall of the clan was the arrest of Maria's oldest daughter Rita Di Giovine in March 1993 in Verona in possession of 1,000 tablets of ecstasy.

At the age of 12, Rita had been taken out of school to help to unpack cocaine hidden in the panels of imported cars, and to stuff heroin into bottles of shampoo. She transported large sums of cash and quantities of drugs. Part of her job was to bribe local police to overlook the family's activities, and in some cases to recruit them in order to give the family information on investigations or imminent arrests. A mother of three children by different fathers, she had been in jail several times herself. Rita's son became a heroin addict; he had been dealing heroin for the family when he was 15. By the time she was arrested, Rita was exhausted and angry with her brothers, mired in debts and addicted to amphetamines. She decided to give evidence against her family in return for state protection. Police picked up her brothers, her mother and stepfather, her son, and her ex-husband.

Maria Serraino was sentenced to life imprisonment for Mafia association and murder in September 1997. She had ordered the murder of a drug dealer who worked for the family and was guilty of attempting to go into business on his own.

Female boss
Maria Serraino embodies the main characteristic of female power in the 'Ndrangheta: power not in appearance but in substance. Unlike men, women are less interested in external recognition of their power and more interested in exercising it. Her daughter Rita Di Giovine attributed her mother with the qualities of a boss and made her charismatic leadership abilities a question of blood lines, of belonging to a traditional 'Ndrangheta family. "She's got it right there in her blood, in her veins," Rita said about her mother. "My mother had all the power, because if she decided some job shouldn't be done, then the job wasn't done."

The rules of the 'Ndrangheta do not consider the possibility of female elements becoming members. Nevertheless, if a woman demonstrates certain abilities she can become associated with the title of sorella d'omertà, ("sister of omertà," the code of silence). However, swearing loyalty to the organization as is required for men, is not mandatory. This honour is limited to wives, daughters, sisters, girlfriends or someone related to male 'Ndrangheta members.

Nevertheless, despite Maria's prominent position, she suffered from her husband's violence, considered unimportant within this milieu: "I saw my father beat my mother," her daughter testified. "Even when she was nine months pregnant, he hit her with a broom and broke two ribs." The 'Ndrangheta is ruled by male prejudice, and women are considered the property of the men. Maria could also not prevent that her daughter Rita was sexually harassed by her brothers and raped by her father from the age of nine until she was nineteen, when she became pregnant.

Despite the hardships and her ruthless rule over the clan, she remained a mother in her own way. When she learned that one daughter became addicted to heroin, she undertook a pilgrimage to the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi in Calabria. She pledged to stop dealing heroin and only sell hashish in the hope that her daughter would overcome her addiction.

Notes

Further reading
Fiandaca, Giovanni (ed.) (2007), Women and the Mafia: Female Roles in Organized Crime Structures, New York: Springer
 Gratteri, Nicola & Antonio Nicaso (2006). Fratelli di Sangue, Cosenza: Luigi Pellegrini Editore

Paoli, Letizia (2003). Mafia Brotherhoods: Organized Crime, Italian Style, New York: Oxford University Press  (Review by Klaus Von Lampe) (Review by Alexandra V. Orlova)

1931 births
2017 deaths
'Ndranghetisti
Mafia women
People from the Province of Reggio Calabria
'Ndranghetisti sentenced to life imprisonment
People convicted of murder by Italy


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The challenge put out to us this week at church: to remain teachable.
The pastor posed two questions part way through the message.
As I pondered the first question this morning, I couldn't help but wonder if I were to quickly answer 'yes' that maybe it's a sign that I'm not as teachable as I think I am. To me, that question is as tricky to answer as the "Are you a humble person?" question, because the moment we think we are then (perhaps) a portion of us really isn't very humble. Having a teachable spirit requires humility.
So, I guess my point is that I don't think the first question is a one time "yes" answer. It can't be. In order to have a teachable spirit we have to constantly be re-evaluating our hearts and our motives. It becomes an ongoing journey because things have a tendency to change so quickly. You can have a teachable spirit one moment and then the next moment your spirit becomes as closed as a clenched fist.
So my answer: I want to have a teachable spirit. Lord, teach me. Show me how to have a teachable spirit every hour of every day.
The second question. What is God teaching me right now?
I love discovering the common lessons being woven through each experience we have. Lately, it seems like I am supposed to be learning and remembering this: Who is capable of filling us and satisfying us completely?
On Friday, I joined the Five Minute Friday community. The word prompt for the week was FILL. I wrote about my early days in sobriety and that first time I felt His Joy (and not alcohol) sustaining me again. Instead of trying to rely on the temporary and fleeting, I was relying on Him. He was able to quench my thirst in a way wine never could.
On Sunday, along with these two questions, the pastor kicked off the message with this thought: We are empty vessels that have to be filled with something.
In conclusion, have a I completely figured out what I'm supposed to learn from everything God seems to be teaching me right now? No. But, I do see the common theme.
He alone fill us up. Don't be tempted to consume things that won't last. Focus on the Bread that is eternal.
Today, I offer those questions for you to ponder this week too.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized on August 11, 2014 by Eileen.


text:
Congratulations To The European Taxpayer You Now Own €16.5Bn Of Crap
By interestrateripoff,
May 17, 2010 in House prices and the economy
interestrateripoff
Carry on banking.....
Location:Ponzi Land
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/financetopics/financialcrisis/7734280/Banks-dump-Greek-debt-on-the-ECB-as-eurozone-flashes-credit-warnings.html
Foreign holders of Greek and Portuguese debt have seized on emergency intervention by the European Central Bank to exit their positions, leaving eurozone taxpayers exposed to the credit risk.
The Bank of New Mellon said its custodial data showed a "sharp acceleration" of net sales of debt from the two countries after the ECB began purchasing €16.5bn of bonds from southern Europe and Ireland in bid to halt market panic. "It rather suggests that investors leapt at the opportunity to clear their balance sheets of intolerable risk," said Neil Mellor, the bank's currency strategist. "This leaves the ECB itself in an unpleasant situation since it now faces a deterioration in its own balance sheet."
While ECB action has greatly reduced bond spreads on peripheral eurozone debt, it has not yet stabilized the broader markets. The euro fell to a four-year low of $1.2260 against the dollar in early trading. Jean-Claude Juncker, the head of the Eurogroup, said on Monday that this risks becoming disorderly. "I'm not worried as far as the current exchange rate is concerned: I'm worried as far as the rapidity of the fall is concerned."
Crucially, there are still serious strains in the interbank lending market. Hans Redeker, currency chief at BNP Paribas, said the LIBOR-OIS spread in Europe used to gauge credit stress is flashing danger signals, hovering near levels seen during the Lehman crisis.
The ECB's strategy of draining liquidity to offset the stimulus from the bond purchases risks making matters worse. "They are using one-week deposits for sterilisation and the effects of this to make short-term funding more expensive. This will force banks to sell assets to shrink their balance sheet and risks causing a credit crunch," he said.
Mr Redeker said the ECB is pursuing a contractionary policy to assuage concerns in Germany that Club Med bond purchases will stoke inflation. "They have read the German press and it made their hair stand up on their necks. The reality is that a deflationary cycle is developing in Euroland and the ECB will eventually have to start quantitative easing," he said.
Dominic Wison, market chief at Goldman Sachs, said talk of an EMU break-up were overblown but echoed concerned about strains in the short-term money markets. "The LIBOR-OIS spreads widened consistently through the week. Ongoing pressures on funding have not yet been quieted. As we saw in 2008 and 2009, those stresses – if they do not subside – are generally toxic for markets," he wrote in a client note.
A report by RCB Capital Markets said German banks have yet to come clean on 75pc of their combined exposure to €45bn of Greek debt. The state-owned Hypo Re has revealed holdings of €7.8bn, equal to 243pc of its tangible equity. Commerzbanks's subsidiary Eurohypo holds €3bn, or 77pc, of its tangible equity.
RBS said that some German banks may face risks if there is a voluntary debt restructuring by Greece, since this would not trigger debt insurance contracts on credit default swaps. This would leave them facing much larger debt write-downs than they bargained for.
Analysts say austerity measures across southern Europe are causing the euro to weaken further because they will dampen growth and may lead to protracted slumps, forcing the ECB to delay rate rises.
Italy is next in line for a fiscal squeeze, preparing €25bn of belt-tightening over the next two years. Leaks in the Italian media say Rome plans to freeze public sector wages, limit recruitment, and delay retirement.
I don't think they are toxic of for the markets, toxic for the taxpayer but not the markets as losses quite rightly are socialised.
The fiscal squeeze is going to be global, debt deflation looming???
Edited May 17, 2010 by interestrateripoff
RufflesTheGuineaPig
is fluffy
Location:Cricklade, UK
About Me:I am Ruffles, the destroyer of worlds....
I don't think they are toxic of for the markets, toxic for the taxpayer but not the markets as losses quite rightly socialised.
quite rightly socialised?
Sarcasm?
The ECB offered to buy Greek bonds at 100% value and amazingly everyone dived in.
I imagine some speculators who bought bonds below 100% of value must be well pleased now having made a packet. And some shorters are now f*cked.
We can't have the bankers losing money can we, they must be bailout out at all costs. That's what the taxpayer is there for..