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BA's new A350 Club Suites: scores on the doors?
By John Walton →
British Airways is at a crossroads in passenger experience, with its new Collins Aerospace Super Diamond doored mini-suites arriving on its new Airbus A350 aircraft and being refitted onto older Boeing 777s.
On paper, this is a massive jump in #PaxEx from the previous generation, also produced by Collins, and when the airline offered flights to Toronto (and connections from my home airport of Lyon) to enable me to clamber all over the product on a regular revenue flight, I jumped at the chance to look into the hard product.
The cabin is split into two: eleven rows between doors one and two, and three rows behind. Arriving onto the aircraft via door 2L, the immediate view is of an empty Club Kitchen, which is essentially a pair of mini-fridges and open storage for bottles, but all this is packed away on boarding. Some thought on how to make this space feel a bit more attractive and welcoming for passengers arriving on board could be useful.
The Club Kitchen takes up all the galley space at doors 2, and is a bit humdrum. Image: John Walton
The extra length of the A350-1000 gives the forward space something of an open dormitory feel, and indeed sitting towards the rear of this cabin it does feel very long, and one feels like a good bit of moodlighting could cut down on the monochrome thermoplastics.
With an absence of thoughtful moodlghting, the effect on boarding is very much white thermolastic. Image: John Walton
The doors are the big question… and it's still an open one
The Club Suite is the decade-old Collins Aerospace (previously Rockwell Collins and before that B/E Aerospace) Super Diamond seat, but with a door. One could say that the door brings "elements of Elements", the next-gen herringbone from Collins.
It's a huge upgrade from the forwards-backwards product that was last refreshed in 2006, based on a 2003 redesign of the 2000 yin-yang product that was the world's first business class flatbed.
The general effect is attractive in a very sedate and undistinctive sort of way. Nothing says "this is British Airways", which may well be the point: I noted that pretty much everything on this aircraft was bilingual English-Spanish, and indeed if BA changed the color on the screens to red, you could be looking at an Iberia cabin. I'm trying not to say "this is a very boring cabin", but this is a very boring cabin.
This was as far as BA got with mood lighting. Most airlines try to take away the beige… Image: John Walton
The fit and finish of the seat was mostly very good, which is one of the reasons why an airline would choose a product designed in 2010: the manufacturer knows how to make it.
Pleasingly for passengers who like a view, the shroud and the screen get out of the way of the windows.
The door is also a big part of the seat, and congratulations to BA and to Collins for managing to make this only a semi-Beyoncé door: it does not feel like a stuck-on addition, which is wise given the size of the A350's cabin.
It slides forwards from a locked position, but given the relatively low height of the suite it doesn't add a huge amount of privacy, and certainly feels much less private than the Qatar Airways Qsuite, also manufactured by Collins.
These doors are only semi-Beyoncé, and don't feel stuck-on like others have. Image: John Walton
The crew also end up having to roll it backwards and forwards during meals, and indeed there's something of a plethora of announcements on the subject: please leave the door open during service, we'll be by to unlock your door for privacy after takeoff, don't pull the red handle unless it's an emergency, no really don't pull the red handle unless it's an emergency. (On this last item, there is apparently a redesign under way; stay tuned to RGN for all the details.)
The emergency release door handle has apparently been causing some problems… Image: John Walton
In the details, some are great, but some less so
The amount of storage at the seat is very decent: three closable compartments and a water-bottle holder at the knee area, although the electronics compartment requires crew to check every one prior to departure to ensure nothing is plugged in, which is something of a faff.
But it's not an entirely rosy picture. There is a baffling choice of very flimsy and frankly ugly thermal venting material around the footwell area that is not particularly well attached and which moves at the slightest touch. The angled surface on the near edge of the footwell is also a bit wonky, while the foam insert between the side of the seat and the cabin wall is already getting grubby.
The foam between the seat and the sidewall is already scuffed, grubby and a bit of a detritus magnet. Image: John Walton
British Airways chose not to install overhead air vents in the cabin, which is unfortunate. Nor has it integrated the aircraft cameras with the inflight entertainment system, which was on the whole fine, although the Panasonic screens felt a little clunky when moving between content.
Moreover BA's headphones are pretty poor and, inexcusably, not noise-cancelling.
The table is the standard Super Diamond forward-sliding bifold, and it was largely effective, with the slight proviso that the halfway mechanism on the table on my return flight was not clicking correctly into place.
On a more subjective note, I did not care for either the look or feel of the shrouding material, which is a sort of scratchy felted fabric that reminds me of low-budget school carpet. Rubbing against it while sleeping felt somewhat unpleasant.
In sleeping mode, though, this seat felt cramped — substantially more so than other Super Diamond implementations, and actually more so than the existing British Airways seat. I think this may be the result of the engineering around the space by the knees.
With previous examples of the seat, including the Qatar Airways version that was the launch version of Super Diamond, this space was given over to a low storage locker. Usefully, when sleeping in a side position, this allowed the knees to be placed on top of this locker, generating a feeling of much more space.
The seat is nonetheless a huge improvement on the prior generation. Image: John Walton
On the other side of the seat, the Qatar Airways version is also more roundly sculpted, allowing for more space to move the knees if sleeping on that side. Both armrests on that version also drop, creating even more space.
Here on the Qatar Airways version, you can see there is more room at the knee when asleep. Image: John Walton
It's unfortunate that one of the key contact points was with the table and the knees while sleeping. Perhaps I'm just 6'3" and thus my knees end up further towards the toe end of the seat than most passengers, but my height is not absurd, and it's frustrating that this is a height issue: could this not have been fixed by a slight reorganization of the monitor assembly?
The cushioning was also very hard, and the sheet pad (I can't in good faith call it a mattress) looked designed for the previous generation of seat, and even adding the duvet on top and sleeping under the very thin blanket didn't help. I know Collins has inflatable cushion technology, since I used it recently on Lufthansa's Diamond seat. Why not here?
The"mattress pad" is thin and seems made for another seat. Image: John Walton
(I also note that BA needs to read the room on inflight waste: bedding is left on the seat in a zip pouch, but everything is also wrapped in plastic. This feels very needlessly wasteful.)
There are just three lavatories for the 56 Club World passengers, and despite a magnetic stanchion rope between business and premium economy I noted travelers from World Traveller Plus making their way forward (understandable; there are only six lavatories for the entire rest of the aircraft) to use the loo. This made for queues five or six deep around doors 2 ahead of landing at Heathrow, which is not ideal, particularly when the crew are trying to pack up the drinks and catering storage space in the Club Kitchen.
In conclusion, the new seat it's much better than the old seat, and with a few adjustments it will likely serve BA fairly well, even with the constrained sleeping space.
But it's not even the best Super Diamond I've experienced, and it feels like very many tricks were missed.
British Airways provided flights (and connections from my home airport of Lyon) to enable this review.
Airbus plans upgraded but non-ULR A350-1000 for Project Sunrise
Beyond Beyoncé: in search of a post-doors model for suite privacy
Virgin Atlantic's new A350 business class: impressive beyond flaws
Whither first class for British Airways in age of doored mini-suites?
Regulations covering doored business class mini-suites evolve
If you liked it, then you (should) have put a door on it
Evolving business class suite privacy beyond just adding a door
The premium cabin trend du jour: privacy doors
Is the future of seatback thermoplastics really greige?
Three-abreast widebody Super Diamond offers next-gen business option
Finnair's London A350 is a refreshing change from Eurobusiness norm
Lufthansa's mediocre business class problem bites on the A350
Press Release: Aircraft Interiors Expo 2020 prepares to land in Hamburg
Press Release: Gogo announces partners for 5G network
Posted in:Nose to Tail
Tags#AvGeek, #NoseToTail, #paxex, #safety, 777, A350, A350-1000, aero, aerospace, Aerospace Industry, Aerospace Market, Air transport, air transportation industry, air travel, Airbus, Airbus A350, Airbus A350-1000, Aircraft Interior, Aircraft lavatory, Aircraft Seating, aircraft seats, airline, airline passenger experience, airlines, aviation, Aviation executive, aviation industry, Aviation Market, B/E Aerospace, Boeing, Boeing 777, British Airways, business class, cabin design, cabin layout, Cabin Seating, capacity, carrier, carriers, Club Kitchen, Club Suite, Club World, Collins Aerospace, Collins Aerospace Super Diamond, Comfort+, Commercial Air Transport, Commercial Aircraft, commercial aviation, door, Doored Suite, Entertainment, flier, flyer, General Aviation, hard product, Hard Product seats, headphones, Herringbone, IFE, IFEC, in-flight entertainment, inflight entertainment, lavatories, lavatory, Matress Pad, moodlighting, movies, nose-to-tail, Onboard Entertainment, operator, Operators, Panasonic, Panasonic screens, passenger, passenger experience, passengers, privacy door, Qatar Airways, Qatar Airways' Qsuite, Rockwell Collins, Seat, seat layout, Seating, services, soft product, Super Diamond, thermoplastics, travel, traveler, travelers, traveling
About John Walton
Contributing Editor John Walton, an international journalist, contributes opinion and analysis to RGN's Nose To Tail column. He specializes in cabin interiors, seating, connectivity, and premium class service. A keen analyst of how developing tools can be applied to aviation news, John is at the forefront of social media in the aviation sector, broke the hijacking of flight ET702 on Twitter (@thatjohn), and... Read More
View all posts by John Walton →


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GORDON-RIEGER
By Kristin Pena	October 22, 2012, 12:00 am Edit
Jillian Gordon, daughter of Rona and Harold Gordon of Long Branch, was married Sept. 1, 2012, to Jordan Rieger, son of Drs. Cheryl and Dean Rieger of Nashville, Tenn.
Rabbi Dennis Tobin performed the ceremony at Pleasantdale Chateau, West Orange.
The new Mrs. Rieger, a graduate of Ocean Township High School and University of Florida, earned a master's degree in gerontology from University of South Florida. She is a geriatric care manager at Elder Care Alternative in Manhattan.
Mr. Rieger earned his degree at Yale University. He is an associate for Monarch Alternative Capital, Manhattan.
The couple resides in Manhattan.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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This is a newly automated pair of swing doors ADS installed for our client at Bluewater shopping centre in Kent. The installation was done at a time convenient to the client.
This is a nice compact pair of GEZE EMD-F swing door operators.


This listing is courtesy of Helene Keddington from Century 21 Everest.
Beautiful well maintained home boasts 3 bedrooms, 2 plus half bathrooms and loft in highly desirable North Oxnard neighborhood. Home has many upgrades, too many to list. Backyard is well landscaped with privacy to entertain guest, awning covered patio and no neighbors behind the home. Home is located near freeway and walking distance to schools, parks, hospital, restaurants and shopping. A must see home.


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Vikas Grover is an Indian actor who is known for his roles in the Sab TV show Aladdin – Naam toh Suna Hoga as the role of Gulbadan. and Devrishi Narada in Sankat Mochan Mahabali Hanumaan.

He has also started in many other television series namely Beintehaa, Jeet Gayi Toh Piya Morey, Yam Hain Hum, Tu Sooraj Main Saanjh, Piyaji and Maaya 2. He is currently playing the role of Harry Khatri in Wagle Ki Duniya-Nayi Peedhi Naye Kissey.

Filmography

Televisions

References

Indian male television actors
Living people
1989 births

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Millwall News
Renewal and town hall clear to move on with Millwall plan
1st December 2017 1st December 2017 Toby Porter 0 Comments
BY TOBY PORTER
toby@slpmedia.co.uk
Town hall chiefs and offshore developers look set to renew their agreement to build around Millwall's ground – because there is no one else to develop the area.
An independent inquiry, completed on Tuesday, exonerated Lewisham council and regeneration company Renewal of any wrongdoing surrounding its plans. Its author rejected all the criticisms of the council's plans to seize the land and sell it to offshore developer Renewal.
And the two parties look set to agree to an alliance to build 2,400 homes in three pockets of land around the Lions' ground, The Den. Renewal would also construct a leisure centre, Energise, yards from the stadium.
A "land sale agreement" between them, signed four years ago, was due to lapse on December 20 – three weeks after former Master of the Rolls Lord John Dyson, a Supreme Court judge, pronounced that the council "behaved with propriety, due diligence and in accordance with the applicable codes of practice."
His findings leave the way clear for a new purchase of the three sites by Lewisham, using a "compulsory purchase order" (CPO) – forcing Millwall chairman John Berylson to sell the plots.
A general view of the action between Millwall and Birmingham City
The inquiry chairman Lord Dyson said in one of the final statements of his report: "Renewal is the obvious developer: there is no one else on the horizon. If Renewal is rejected, the site is likely to remain undeveloped for many years to come."
The land agreement can be renewed automatically on December 20, but the old CPO, which was the subject of three heated debates by Lewisham's cabinet last year, was scrapped in February – so will have to be started again.
Lord John Dyson
But the borough's mayor, Sir Steve Bullock, stands down this summer and Labour's candidate to replace him in May's local elections will be Councillor Damien Egan – who in September confirmed he would not support a fresh CPO or the sale of the freeholds of the Millwall land.
He said: "The council should start all over with a comprehensive review of all proposals from all interested parties, including MFC and Millwall Community Trust for the future of the New Bermondsey site."
And in January he said: "My personal preference is that we should completely revisit the planning application that was made by Renewal in 2011 and go back to the drawing board."
Millwall chiefs said Renewal's plans threatened to drive them out of The Den, because they would prevent it from "futureproofing" its future with rental income from its own developments. Millwall chief executive Steve Kavanagh claimed in january the club may be forced to relocate to Kent if the land is sold to developers.
Dyson's £250,000 independent inquiry was called after questions emerged over the process, including claims by the Surrey Canal Sports Foundation, which would build Energise, that it had the support of Sport England.
Lord Dyson said in his report: "I have reached the conclusion that Lewisham behaved with propriety, due diligence and in accordance with the applicable codes of practice in relation to:
the decision to grant outline planning permission;
the decision to enter into a conditional agreement to sell the Millwall Land to Renewal;
the decisions to use CPO powers in relation to the Millwall Land; the decision to pledge £500,000 to SCSF;
the council's support for Renewal's bid for a grant from GLA; the investigation into the LSH brochure; and the appraisal of the financial viability of Renewal's scheme and Renewal's ability to deliver it."Councillor Chris Best, senior Lewisham council cabinet spokesperson said: "We thank former Supreme Court judge Lord Dyson for carrying out his independent Inquiry with great thoroughness and all the rigour we would expect from someone of his standing."Lord Dyson's inquiry has concluded: 'there was no impropriety, lack of due diligence or breach of a code of practice on the part of any council officer or councillor in relation to the decisions to make a Compulsory Purchase Order'.
"This is the third set of independent findings this year following allegations about the New Bermondsey development. In August 2017, the independent Charity Commission rejected allegations of money laundering, tax avoidance and conflicts of interest within the Surrey Canal Sports Foundation.
And in September 2017 a judge-led Tribunal rejected 14 allegations of wrongdoing by Lewisham council following a Freedom of Information request about the New Bermondsey development.
"Now Lord Dyson's independent Inquiry report has been published we urge all parties involved in the New Bermondsey development to work together to agree a way forward to bring much-needed new jobs and homes to the area and ensure Millwall FC is based in Lewisham for generations to come."
Councillor Obajimi Adefiranye, chairman of Lewisham council, said: "We are extremely grateful to Lord Dyson for conducting such a thorough independent Inquiry into the allegations regarding the proposed New Bermondsey/Surrey Canal development."
A Millwall statement said: "Although Millwall Football Club provided a written submission to Lord Dyson, as he requested, and attended an oral hearing in July, we have heard nothing since then and have had no advance warning of any of the content or conclusions of the report.
Therefore, we have only just seen the report for the first time and must now read it carefully and give it due consideration before we make any comment."
Renewal director Jordana Malik said: "Renewal welcomes Lord Dyson's comprehensive inquiry report and its conclusions.
"As the report states, there is no doubting the urgent need for redevelopment at New Bermondsey and Renewal remains committed to driving this forward and ensuring that it delivers significant benefits for the local community, Millwall Football Club and the Millwall Community Scheme.
"The report concludes Renewal has demonstrated significant investment and a real commitment to carry out the scheme; it also confirms that there has never been any attempt by Renewal or the Surrey Canal Sports Foundation to mislead, misrepresent or withhold information from Lewisham council.
"The independent inquiry has led to a year's delay to a scheme that everyone agrees should happen and significant costs to the public purse.
"We hope the conclusion and findings of the inquiry will allow for all parties to move forward so that Renewal can commence delivery of this much needed redevelopment in this deprived area."
Energise would be run by Surrey Canal Sports Foundation, whose chairman, Steve Norris, a former Conservative transport minister, said: "I am pleased the Dyson Report concludes there was no intention by the Surrey Canal Sports Foundation to mislead, misrepresent or withhold information from Lewisham Council and that it was not unreasonable or deliberately misleading for Renewal and the SCSF to have described the 'in principal' allocation of funding as a pledge.
"The inquiry report, in addition to the Charity Commission's case report findings earlier this year, have paved the way for the Foundation to continue its mission to encourage local communities across Lewisham and Southwark to take part in sports, as demonstrated by the 2,850 monthly visits to the sports facilities on site today at The Thunderdome.
"The Foundation remains fully committed to seeing through the delivery of Energize at New Bermondsey."
Lewisham Town hall loans £5m to housing association…
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Love corn muffins and corn bread? What about soups, main dishes and even side dishes that include corn kernels among the ingredients? You know, like talakitok (trevally) belly and corn chowder or buttered corn and carrots. If you're a corn lover like me, do you use canned or frozen corn kernels? I used to go for canned corn a lot but for the past year, whenever fresh corn is available, I go for fresh. Freshly cut corn kernels are tastier and creamier. And don't think that cutting the kernels off the cob is lot a of hard work or that it requires a lot of expertise. Oh, no! All you need are two hands, a sharp knife and a cutting board.
Take a corn cob and hold it upright, the bottom pushing against the cutting board. With a sharp knife, slice off the kernels, taking care not to cut too close to the cob so that the tough tip caps (the thin "root" that attaches the kernel to the cob) are left embedded in the cob.
If there is no particular reason why the kernels should be cut whole, I suggest that you slice them in layers. That way, when the shredded corn is added to the pot or the pan, the kernels cook faster and more of the starchy cream gets mixed in. If, after slicing, you still see parts of the kernels attached to the cob, get a spoon or a teaspoon and use that to scrape off whatever there is left to scrape.
The oldies prefer to shred fresh corn by using a microplane grater. Personally, I'd rather not do that because grating squeezes out the juice in the process. I want as much of the juices to remain in the kernels and expelled during cooking, not before.
I have also done it your way, Connie… and that makes for tastier corn soup!
you and me both. i prefer fresh corn. although i have the ones in can just for when I'm rushing…LOL. but yes, that's exactly how i cut my corn kernels too.
Same process here. I use a plastic tray whose sides are about an two inches high. I scrape the corn there – less transferring from the cutting board and less corn pieces that "fly" out.
Help I tried to cut and freeze for the first time and accidentally cut root. Can I do anything or do I toss the 8 bags?


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Our team includes some of the most respected and experienced professionals in the industry, who work on challenging projects in the oil sands and offshore oil and gas industries, and the infrastructure and water resource sectors.
Pitwall Design and Performance at Suncor North Steepbank Extension Mine. Chen, H.J., R. Charron, D. Hepp, J. MacLean, J. Chen and S. MacNeil. 2016.
Oil Sands Tailings Dyke De-Licensing – State-of-Readiness from Tailings Pond Lifecycle Perspective. Al-Mamun, M., B. Chin and N. Eenkooren. 2014.
Water Production Simulation Tool for Coal Seam Gas Operations in Bowen and Surat Basins. Strand, R., L. Reading and G. Keir. 2013.
Forecasting Coal Seam Gas Water Production in Queensland's Surat and Southern Bowen Basins: Technical Report. Klohn Crippen Berger Ltd. 2012.
Injection of Coal Seam Gas Water into the Central Condamine Alluvium – Site Prioritisation: Final Report. Klohn Crippen Berger Ltd. 2012.
Hydrochemical Compatibility Assessment of Aquifer Injection of Treated Coal Seam Gas Water into Surat Basin Aquifers. Landers, M., D. Harris, B. Usher, R. Morris and A. Moser. 2012.


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New York Rangers vs Nashville Predators - November 02, 2019 Recap
Rangers Rangers 5-5-1
November 2, 2019 - Final
Predators Predators 8-4-2
Rangers 1 1 0 2
Predators 0 1 0 1
Arvidsson NSH
Forsberg NSH
Georgiev NYR
Georgiev's 32 saves leads Rangers over Predators 2-1
NASHVILLE, Tenn. (AP) Nashville had some chances, but Alexandar Georgiev stood tall.
Georgiev made 32 saves to lead the New York Rangers to a 2-1 victory over the Nashville Predators on Saturday.
Filip Chytil and Ryan Strome scored for the Rangers, who have won three of four. Viktor Arvidsson had the lone goal for Nashville, which has lost two straight.
The Rangers killed off three Nashville power plays in the third period, including two in the final five minutes.
''I thought our pace was good, we had gaps all over the ice, we had some great scoring chances today to make it 3-1, couldn't do it,'' New York coach David Quinn said. ''I thought our penalty kill was huge down the stretch. Just a gutsy effort.''
Georgiev has allowed one goal against in three of his five starts this season.
''The guys helped me with a lot of blocked shots and they played really hard from the beginning,'' Georgiev said. ''The penalty kill was really good.''
Chytil scored the game's first goal at 16:05 of the opening period. He carried the puck from inside New York's defensive zone on the left side on a 2-on-1 with Chris Kreider. After crossing the Nashville blue line, Chytil made a toe-drag move around Predators defenseman Dan Hamhuis before beating goaltender Juuse Saros with a wrist shot on the short side.
''That was a good drive to the net from (Kreider) and he opened up space for me,'' Chytil said. ''(With) the D lying on the ice, I just tried to toe drag and shoot it from there. I was able to get it on net. It was a great feeling.''
Chytil has scored in consecutive games since being recalled from Hartford of the AHL Oct. 28.
Strome made it 2-0 at 4:16 of the second.
After catching Nashville on a bad line change, Jesper Fast sent a pass from the right point to Artemi Panarin in the slot. There, Panarin found Strome skating through the right side where he redirected the puck past Saros.
''We were chasing the game,'' Nashville coach Peter Laviolette said. ''I actually thought we were probably at our best parts of the game defensively and fell down 2-0. (It's) kind of unfortunate the way that happened. From there, you are pressing. You've got to give them some credit, they played good defense (and) their goaltender played well.''
Saros finished with 28 saves.
Arvidsson halved the New York lead at 14:34 of the second.
With Nashville on a power play, Filip Forsberg sent a pass from above the left circle toward the slot and Arvidsson was able to tip the puck by Georgiev.
''We got enough chances to win, obviously their goalie played great for them,'' Forsberg said. ''We just couldn't find that last goal.''
Notes: Hamhuis played his 1,100th career NHL game. ... Earlier Saturday, the Predators unveiled the jersey that will be worn at New Year's Day's Winter Classic in Dallas. ... Panarin has 13 points in 14 career games played against Nashville. ... The Rangers have allowed a power-play goal in three consecutive games. ... New York has won three of their last four games played in Nashville.
Rangers: Host Ottawa Senators Monday.
Predators: Visit Detroit Red Wings Monday.
Islanders' fourth line still a commodity in second stint
Blues' final Stanley Cup celebration spoiled by Capitals
Blackhawks' Pat Foley apologizes for Austin Ortega remark
Blues give superfan Laila Anderson championship ring
How two-way forwards have become highly valuable in the NHL
NHL GAME BULLETS
New York Rangers at Nashville Predators
The Predators have gone 5-6-2 (.462) all-time in home games against the Rangers, the second-worst home record against any team in franchise history (5-7-2 vs. Sabres). In the last two meetings between these teams in Nashville, these teams have combined to go 6-for-15 on the power play (40.0 percent).
The Rangers have scored at least four goals in three straight games after scoring two goals or fewer in five straight games. New York had a +12 shot differential against Tampa Bay in its last game after being outshot by each of its first nine opponents this season.
Nashville lost to Calgary on Thursday, 6-5. This was the Predators first time losing when scoring at least five goals since February 2017, also against Calgary. This was the Predators' sixth time scoring at least five goals this season, tied with the Canucks for most in the NHL.
Artemi Panarin had six points (2g, 4a) in two games against Nashville last season. The Rangers have gone 4-3-0 when Panarin has a point this season, and they are 0-2-1 when he has no points.
Nick Bonino scored seven goals this October, equal to his October goal total from the last five seasons combined. He has six points (4g, 2a) in the third period, more than he has in the first and second periods combined.


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Historic: Twenty Tracks, Eight States Set for Short Track Super Series 2022 Schedule
December 4, 2021 Brett Deyo
MILLSBORO, DE – 2022, here we come!
The Bob Hilbert Sportswear Short Track Super Series (STSS) Fueled By Sunoco has set its schedule for what will be an historic '22 campaign.
Twenty tracks in eight different states comprise the '22 STSS Modified series including the Florida 'Sunshine Swing' in February, Louisiana 'Cajun Swing' in November, new six-race Halmar International 'Elite' series plus the traditional North and South Regions.
Among the highlights:
$50,000 in available Modified championships ($25,000 'Elite' plus $12,500 each North & South)
Two $50,000-plus-to-win events
Four $25,000-to-win events
One $20,000-to-win event
Three $10,000-to-win events
$500 to take the green flag at ALL '22 STSS points-paying Modified events
The first-ever STSS race in the state of Vermont
Crate 602 Sportsman are back with North and South Region STSS schedules for '22, as well.
All STSS events will again be streamed live on FloRacing (www.floracing.tv) produced by the Dirt Track Digest TV production team.
Below, a look at the Short Track Super Series season ahead.
Sunshine Swing
The series heads to the 'Sunshine State' to kick things off for four races at All-Tech Raceway in Lake City, Fla. on February 8-12. The STSS competed at All-Tech, a pristine facility managed by Wendell Durrance, during the '20 season but scheduling conflicts prevented a return last February. For '22, the STSS 'Sunshine Swing' is back in Lake City!
A Tuesday (Feb. 8) Open Practice is followed by four nights of racing for both the Modifieds and Crate 602 Sportsman.
For the Modifieds, Wednesday (Feb. 9) kicks it off for 30 laps, paying $4,000 to win. Each night, the laps and payout increase: 35 laps for $5,000 to win Thursday (Feb. 10), $6,000 for 40 laps on Friday (Feb. 11) and $8,000 to win for 50 laps on Saturday (Feb. 12).
Crate 602 Sportsman race 25 laps for $1,500 to win for Wednesday (Feb. 9) and Thursday (Feb. 10) with 30-lap events paying $2,000 to win on Friday (Feb. 11) and Saturday (Feb. 12).
Halmar International 'Elite' Series
The '22 schedule is headlined by the all-new Halmar International 'Elite' program: six of the highest-paying events for big-block/small-block Modifieds. A $25,000 championship awaits at the end of the six-race series.
The debut of the Halmar International 'Elite Series' takes place at 'The Place Your Mama Warned You About,' Cherokee Speedway in Gaffney, S.C. in a 50-lap $25,000-to-win event Thursday-Saturday Feb. 24-26.
When the calendar flips to March, Delaware's Georgetown Speedway returns as the kickoff to the South Region, and now serves as Round No. 2 of the Halmar International 'Elite Series' with the Melvin L. Joseph Memorial. The now three-day weekend (March 10-12) will culminate in a 49-lap, $25,000-to-win event for the STSS big-block/small-block Modifieds.
On April 2, the third of the six-race 'Elite Series' takes place along with Round No. 1 of the North Region. The series returns to Orange County Fair Speedway in Middletown, N.Y., for a 50-lap, $25,000-to-win event with the 'Hard Clay Open' returning to the STSS schedule.
After a break for the summer stretch, three 'Elite' events are planned for September and October.
The 'Elite' program returns to action on Sunday, Sept. 4, as Utica-Rome Speedway in Vernon, N.Y., hosts the 'New Yorker' as 50-lap, $25,000-to-win feature event. This will serve as the fourth 'Elite' round.
Thursday-Saturday Sept. 15-17 brings the return of the Fonda 200 weekend at N.Y.'s Fonda Speedway, the first of two $50,000-plus-to-win events on the schedule. The Fonda 200 offers $53,000 to win and $1,000 to take the green as part of both the North and 'Elite' schedules.
One month later, the 'Speed Showcase' weekend is back at the state-of-the-art Port Royal Speedway in Port Royal, Pa., Thursday-Saturday Oct. 13-15. The STSS Modifieds will again compete for $50,000 to win and $1,000 to take the green on Saturday as part of both the 'Elite' and South point battles. On Thursday night, a $5,000-to-win program is on the docket for the South Region. The 'Speed Showcase' weekend will decide the '22 Halmar International 'Elite Series' championship.
The '22 South Region Modified championship will offer $12,500 with 11 events scheduled.
The South Region gets underway March 10-12 with the Melvin L. Joseph Memorial at Georgetown Speedway, which doubles as a points-paying race for the Halmar International 'Elite' program, as well.
One week later, the Pennsylvania 'two-step' returns for the South Region with stops at Selinsgrove Speedway in Selinsgrove, Pa., on Saturday, March 19 and Port Royal Speedway on Sunday, March 20 in a pair of 40-lap, $5,000-to-win features.
The series lays dormant before Round No. 4 of the South Region takes place at Delaware International Speedway (Delmar, Del.) with the 'Diamond State 50' on Tuesday, April 26.
N.J.'s New Egypt Speedway hosts the fifth round of the South Region with the 'Dirty Jersey' event on Tuesday, May 24, a 50-lap main paying $5,000 to win and $500 to start.
The month of June brings the South Region to Bloomsburg Fair Speedway in Bloomsburg, Pa., for the combination North-South event. The 'Battle at Bloomsburg' features the stars from both regions in a 50-lap event paying $7,000 to win and $700 to take the green flag on Tuesday, June 7.
For the second consecutive year, the all-new Bridgeport Motorsports Park high-banked layout welcomes the STSS on Tuesday, July 26 for the 'South Jersey Shootout' paying $5,000 to win and $500 to start.
The sole STSS event in the month of August takes place at Georgetown Speedway with the 'Blast at the Beach' $6,000-to-win, $500-to-start 35-lap event on Tuesday, Aug. 30 (Rain Date: Aug. 31).
The previously mentioned 'Speed Showcase' at Port Royal Speedway with two points-paying races: a $5,000-to-win South Region event Thursday (Oct. 13) and $50,000-to-win event Saturday (Oct. 15).
The South Region finale takes place at Georgetown Speedway Friday-Saturday October 28-29 with Mid-Atlantic Championship Weekend, a 40-lap, $7,000-to-win finale.
$12,500 awaits the STSS Modified North Region champion at the conclusion of 10 events.
The 'Legendary House of Power' Orange County Fair Speedway kicks off the North Region on Saturday, April 2 in the 'Elite' and North Region combination program.
Gary and Donna Palmer's Accord Speedway (Accord, N.Y.) is the site of North Region event No. 2 on Tuesday, May 10 with the 'Battle of the Bullring' paying $6,000 to win for 50 laps.
Outlaw Speedway, nestled in the heart of the Finger Lakes Region in Dundee, N.Y., plays host to the third round on Tuesday, May 17 with the 'Outlaw Showdown' $5,000-to-win program.
Bloomsburg Fair Raceway is next up with Round No. 4 of the North Region in the combination North-South program offering $7,000 to win and $700 just to take the green flag.
History will be made on Sunday, June 19 as the STSS makes its first visit to the state of Vermont. Devil's Bowl Speedway in West Haven, Vt., welcomes the series in the 'Slate Valley 50' offering a $10,000 winner's share for 50 laps!
Two July events are on the schedule for the North Region. The annual 'Firecracker 50' takes place on Sunday, July 3 paying $10,000 to the winner for 50 laps at the 'Track of Champions' Fonda Speedway.
Less than three weeks later (Thursday, July 21), Utica-Rome Speedway returns to the spotlight, with the 'Richie Evans Remembered 61.' The Modifieds race for 61 laps and $6,100-to-win and $610 to take the green in honor of the iconic Richie Evans.
Utica-Rome and Fonda return to the September schedule with the 'New Yorker' $25,000-to-win program on Sept. 4 and the Fonda 200 offering $53,000 to win and $1,000 to start on Sept. 15-17. Both serve as 'Elite' and North Region programs.
The North Region champion will be crowned during Eastern States Weekend at Orange County Fair Speedway with a 50-lap, $10,000-to-win, 50-lap event on Friday, Oct. 21 at Orange County Fair Speedway.
Cajun Swing
Five nights of racing are again on the 'Cajun Swing' agenda for the state of Louisiana in November at four different facilities Nov. 8-12.
Boothill Speedway (Greenwood, La.) kicks it off Tuesday (Nov. 8) with a $4,000-to-win event, followed by a $4,000-to-win main at Ark-La-Tex Speedway (Vivian, La.) on Wednesday (Nov. 9). A second night at racer-favorite Ark-La-Tex will take place on Thursday (Nov. 10) paying $5,000 to win. Super Bee Speedway in Chatham, La., takes over on Friday night (Nov. 11) paying $4,000 to the winner.
The state-of-the-art The Rev in Monroe, La., drew awe from fans and racers in their first STSS visit this past November. The pristine facility operated by country music star Dylan Scott and Nicholas Brown will play host to a 50-lap main paying $20,000 to win!
"Working Man's Race" Returns to its Roots
The original BD Motorsports Media LLC promotion – the American Racer Cup Short Track SuperNationals – returns to its roots at Afton Motorsports Park (Afton, N.Y.) Friday-Saturday Oct. 7-8 for its 14th running.
The STSS Modifieds will compete in a non-points event for 2022, bringing the $5,500-to-win, $500-to-start Modified event back to its original mission of appealing to weekend warriors rather than touring series followers.
American Racer Cup Match Races and tire certificate giveaways will be included in the two-day event at Ron Ford's fairgrounds facility.
Crate 602 Sportsman Series Continues
The STSS Crate 602 Sportsman program returns for 2022 with two regions. Each championship will pay $1,500.
Following the 'Sunshine Swing' in February, the Crate 602 division is welcomed at Cherokee Speedway in South Carolina alongside their Modified brethren on Feb. 24-26 with a $2,000-to-win event.
The South Region includes events at Georgetown (March 12, Aug. 30 and Oct. 29), Delaware International (April 26), New Egypt (May 24), Bridgeport (July 26) and Port Royal ($4,000 to win, Oct. 14-15).
On the North Region, Fonda hosts two events (July 3 and Sept. 17), Accord (May 10), Outlaw (May 17), Utica-Rome (July 21) and Afton (Oct. 8).
Cajun Region 2.0
For the first time, the Short Track Super Series sanctioned a 'Cajun Region' with 10 events in Louisiana and Texas last season. The 'Cajun Region' led by Tim and Chris Bates will return for '22 with a schedule to be announced in the coming weeks.
The Short Track Super Series is presented by American Racer/Lias Tire, Sunoco Race Fuel, Insinger Performance, Bob Hilbert Sportswear, Halmar International, Velocita-USA, Design for Vision/Sunglass Central, Evergreen Fuels Inc., ATL Racing Fuel Cells, Behrent's Performance Warehouse, Beyea Custom Headers, Bicknell Racing Products, Dirt Track Digest, EIBACH Springs, Fast Axle, Henry's Exhaust, Hig Fab, HyperCo, Kirkey Racing Fabrication, Land Hoe Maintenance, K&N, MJK Home Maintenance, Precision Hydraulic & Oil, QA1, Racing Optics, Superior Remodeling, Teo-Pro Car, VAHLCO, Velocita, WELD Racing & Wilwood.
2022 Short Track Super Series Fueled By Sunoco Schedule of Events
Halmar International Elite Series
Thursday-Saturday February 24-26 (Rain Date: February 27) – Cherokee Speedway/Gaffney, S.C. – Rebel 50 – 50 laps, $25,000 to win, $1,000 for 16th, $500 to start
Thursday-Saturday March 10-12 (Rain Date: March 13) – Georgetown Speedway/Georgetown, Del. – Melvin L. Joseph Memorial – 49 laps, $25,000 to win, $1,000 for 16th, $500 to start
Saturday, April 2 – Orange County Fair Speedway/Middletown, N.Y. – Hard Clay Open – 50 laps, $25,000 to win, $1,000 for 16th, $500 to start
Sunday, September 4 (Rain Date: September 5) – Utica-Rome Speedway/Vernon, N.Y. – New Yorker – 50 laps, $25,000 to win, $1,000 for 16th, $500 to start
Thursday-Saturday September 15-17 (Rain Date: Sept. 18) – Fonda Speedway/Fonda, N.Y. – Fonda 200 – 200 laps, $53,000 to win, $1,000 to start
Thursday-Saturday October 13-15 (Rain Date: Oct. 15) – Port Royal Speedway/Port Royal, Pa. – Speed Showcase – $50,000 to win, $1,000 to start
Modified North Region
Saturday, April 2 – Orange County Fair Speedway/Middletown, N.Y. – Hard Clay Open – 50 laps, $25,000 to win, $1,000 for 16th, $500 to start (ELITE SERIES EVENT)
Tuesday, May 10 (Rain Date: May 11) – Accord Speedway/Accord, N.Y. – Battle of the Bullring – 50 laps, $6,000 to win, $500 to start
Tuesday, May 17 – Outlaw Speedway/Dundee, N.Y. – Outlaw Showdown – 50 laps, $5,000 to win, $500 to start
Tuesday, June 7 (Rain Date: June 8) – Bloomsburg Fair Raceway/Bloomsburg, Pa. – Battle at Bloomsburg – 50 laps, $7,000 to win, $700 to start (COMBINATION NORTH/SOUTH EVENT)
Sunday, June 19 – Devil's Bowl Speedway/West Haven, Vt. – Slate Valley 50 – 50 laps, $10,000 to win, $500 to start
Sunday, July 3 – Fonda Speedway/Fonda, N.Y. – Firecracker – 50 laps, $10,000 to win, $500 to start
Thursday, July 21 – Utica-Rome Speedway/Vernon, N.Y. – Richie Evans Remembered – 61 laps, $6,100 to start, $610 to start
Sunday, September 4 (Rain Date: Sept. 5) – Utica-Rome Speedway/Vernon, N.Y. – New Yorker – 50 laps, $25,000 to win, $1,000 for 16th, $500 to start (ELITE SERIES EVENT)
Thursday, September 15-Saturday, September 17 (Rain Date: Sept. 18) – Fonda Speedway/Fonda, N.Y. – Fonda 200 –200 laps, $53,000 to win, $1,000 to start (ELITE SERIES EVENT)
Friday, October 21 – Orange County Fair Speedway/Middletown, N.Y. – Hard Clay Finale – 50 laps, $10,000 to win, $500 to start
American Racer Cup Short Track SuperNationals (Non-Points)
Friday-Saturday October 7-8 – Afton Motorsports Park/Afton, N.Y. – American Racer Cup Short Track SuperNationals – 50 laps, $5,500 to win, $500 to start
Modified South Region
Thursday-Saturday March 10-12 (Rain Date: March 13) – Georgetown Speedway/Georgetown, Del. – Melvin L. Joseph Memorial – 49 laps, $25,000 to win, $1,000 for 16th, $500 to start(ELITE SERIES EVENT)
Saturday, March 19 – Selinsgrove Speedway/Selinsgrove, Pa. – Icebreaker – 40 laps $5,000 to win, $500 to start
Sunday, March 20 – Port Royal Speedway/Port Royal, Pa. – Spring Speed Showcase – 40 laps, $5,000 to win, $500 to start
Tuesday, April 26 (Rain Date: April 27) – Delaware International Speedway/Delmar, Del. – Diamond State 50 – 50 laps, $5,000 to win, $500 to start
Tuesday, May 24 – New Egypt Speedway/New Egypt, N.J. – Dirty Jersey – 50 laps, $5,000 to win, $500 to start
Tuesday, June 7 (Rain Date: June 8) – Bloomsburg Fair Raceway/Bloomsburg, Pa. – Battle at Bloomsburg 50 laps, $7,000 to win, $700 to start (COMBINATION NORTH/SOUTH EVENT)
Tuesday, July 26 – Bridgeport Motorsports Park/Bridgeport, N.J. – South Jersey Shootout – 50 laps, $5,000 to win, $500 to start
Tuesday, August 30 (Rain Date: Aug. 31) – Georgetown Speedway/Georgetown, Del. – Blast at the Beach – 35 laps, $6,000 to win, $500 to start
Thursday-Saturday, October 13-15 (Rain Date: Oct. 16) – Port Royal Speedway/Port Royal, Pa. – Speed Showcase Weekend – $5,000 to win, $500 to start (Thursday) & $50,000 to win, $1,000 to start (Saturday) – (ELITE SERIES EVENT SATURDAY)
Friday-Saturday October 28-29 (Rain Date: Oct. 30) – Georgetown Speedway/Georgetown, Del. – Mid-Atlantic Championship Weekend – 40 laps, $7,000 to win, $500 to start
Tuesday, February 8 – All-Tech Raceway/Lake City, Fla. – Open Practice
Wednesday, February 9 – All-Tech Raceway/Lake City, Fla. – STSS Modifieds 30 laps, $4,000 to win & STSS Crate 602 Sportsman 25 laps, $1,500 to win
Thursday, February 10 – All-Tech Raceway/Lake City, Fla. – STSS Modifieds 35 laps, $5,000 to win & STSS Crate 602 Sportsman 25 laps, $1,500 to win
Friday, February 11 – All-Tech Raceway/Lake City, Fla. – STSS Modifieds 40 laps, $6,000 to win & STSS Crate 602 Sportsman 30 laps, $2,000 to win
Saturday, February 12 – All-Tech Raceway/Lake City, Fla. – STSS Modifieds 50 laps, $8,000 to win & STSS Crate 602 Sportsman 30 laps, $2,000 to win
Tuesday, November 8 – Boothill Speedway/Greenwood, La. – 40 laps, $4,000 to win, $400 to start
Wednesday, November 9 – Ark-La-Tex Speedway/Vivian, La. – 40 laps, $4,000 to win, $400 to start
Thursday, November 10 – Ark-La-Tex Speedway/Vivian, La. – 40 laps, $5,000 to win, $400 to start
Friday, November 11 – Super Bee Speedway/Chatham, La. – 40 laps, $4,000 to win, $400 to start
Saturday, November 12 – The Rev/Monroe, La. – 50 laps, $20,000 to win, $500 to start
Crate 602 Sportsman North Region
Tuesday, May 10 (Rain Date: May 11) – Accord Speedway/Accord, N.Y. – Battle of the Bullring
Tuesday, May 17 – Outlaw Speedway/Dundee, N.Y. – Outlaw Showdown
Tuesday, June 7 (Rain Date: June 8) – Bloomsburg Fair Raceway/Bloomsburg, Pa. – Battle at Bloomsburg
Sunday, July 3 – Fonda Speedway/Fonda, N.Y. – Firecracker
Thursday, July 21 – Utica-Rome Speedway/Vernon, N.Y. – Richie Evans Remembered
Saturday, September 17 (Rain Date: Sept. 18) – Fonda Speedway/Fonda, N.Y. – Fonda 200
Saturday, October 8 – Afton Motorsports Park/Afton, N.Y. – American Racer Cup Short Track SuperNationals
Crate 602 Sportsman South Region
Saturday, March 12 (Rain Date: March 13) – Georgetown Speedway/Georgetown, Del. – Melvin L. Joseph Memorial
Saturday, March 19 – Selinsgrove Speedway/Selinsgrove, Pa. – Icebreaker
Tuesday, April 26 (Rain Date: April 27) – Delaware International Speedway/Delmar, Del. – Diamond State 50
Tuesday, May 24 – New Egypt Speedway/New Egypt, N.J. – Dirty Jersey
Tuesday, July 26 – Bridgeport Motorsports Park/Bridgeport, N.J. – South Jersey Shootout
Tuesday, August 30 (Rain Date: Aug. 31) – Georgetown Speedway/Georgetown, Del. – Blast at the Beach
Friday-Saturday, October 14-15 (Rain Date: Oct. 16) – Port Royal Speedway/Port Royal, Pa. – Speed Showcase 50 – $4,000 to win!
Saturday, October 29 (Rain Date: Oct. 30) – Georgetown Speedway/Georgetown, Del. – Mid-Atlantic Championship Weekend


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Finding the New Hard Drive in Ubuntu. Assuming the drive is visible to the BIOS it should automatically be detected by the operating system. Typically, the disk drives in a system are assigned device names beginning hd or sd followed by a letter to indicate the device number.
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text:
Frontiers in Immunology
Marcello Chieppa
European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS), Italy
Angelo Santino
Italian National Research Council, Italy
Grazia Serino
University of Bari Medical School, Italy
Front. Immunol., 10 November 2017 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01468
Inhibition of Epithelial TNF-α Receptors by Purified Fruit Bromelain Ameliorates Intestinal Inflammation and Barrier Dysfunction in Colitis
Zijuan Zhou1†, Liang Wang1†, Panpan Feng1†, Lianhong Yin2, Chen Wang3, Shengxu Zhi3, Jianyi Dong1, Jingyu Wang1, Yuan Lin2, Dapeng Chen1*, Yongjian Xiong4,5* and Jinyong Peng2*
1Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
2College of pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
3Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
4Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
5College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
Activation of the TNF-α receptor (TNFR) leads to an inflammatory response, and anti-TNF therapy has been administered to reduce inflammation symptoms and heal mucosal ulcers in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Bromelain, a complex natural mixture of proteolytic enzymes, has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of purified fruit bromelain (PFB)-induced inhibition of epithelial TNFR in a rat colitis model. Colitis was established by intracolonic administration of 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. Expression of TNFR1 and TNFR2 was measured by quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting. The effect of PFB on colitis was evaluated by examining the inflammatory response and intestinal epithelial barrier function. Our results showed that both TNFR1 and TNFR2 expression were significantly increased in a colitis model, and the increase was significantly reversed by PFB. Colitis symptoms, including infiltration of inflammatory cells, cytokine profiles, epithelial cell apoptosis, and epithelial tight junction barrier dysfunction were significantly ameliorated by PFB. Compared with fruit bromelain and stem bromelain complex, the inhibition of TNFR2 induced by PFB was stronger than that exhibited on TNFR1. These results indicate that PFB showed a stronger selective inhibitory effect on TNFR2 than TNFR1. In other words, purification of fruit bromelain increases its selectivity on TNFR2 inhibition. High expression of epithelial TNFRs in colitis was significantly counteracted by PFB, and PFB-induced TNFR inhibition ameliorated colitis symptoms. These results supply novel insights into potential IBD treatment by PFB.
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are a group of recurrent inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine mainly of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease (1). IBDs are important diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and they are associated with costly treatments and a high degree of patient impairment. However, the pathogenesis of colitis remains poorly understood.
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine and increased TNF-α production is found in serum, stools, and bowel mucosa in both IBD patients and IBD models (2). Anti-TNF therapy has been confirmed to alleviate symptoms, heal mucosal ulcers, spare corticosteroid treatment, and decrease hospitalization costs. TNF-α leads to the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), which can transmigrate into the nucleus, and it binds to DNA response elements in gene promoter regions to control transcription of genes, such as inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX2), and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) (3, 4). Both iNOS and COX2 are pro-inflammatory mediators which play crucial roles in inflammatory responses (3). The expression and activity of MLCK is increased in human IBD and associated with histological evidence of disease activity (5). MLCK-induced phosphorylation of perijunctional actomyosin mediates tight junction loss, which triggers the initiation and development of IBD (6). TNF-α exerts its biological function by binding to two kinds of TNF-α receptors (TNFRs), including TNFR1 and TNFR2. Epithelial TNFR1 and TNFR2 are relatively under-examined, but they have been implicated in epithelial apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and tight junction regulation (7–9).
In general, bromelain is a complex natural mixture of proteolytic enzymes which is derived from pineapple plants (10). Bromelain, a phytotherapeutic drug with the characteristics of efficacy, safety, and lack of undesired side effects after oral administration, has been well accepted in patients (11). Bromelain exerts multiple pharmacological effects, such as preventing edema formation and reducing existing edema, promoting the absorption of antibiotic drugs, affecting blood coagulation and fibrinolysis, as well as anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects (12–14). Oral administration of bromelain relieved IBD symptoms (11, 15, 16); however, the effect of bromelain on intestinal inflammation induced by chemical damage and its underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood.
The present study aimed to examine the effects of purified fruit bromelain (PFB) on TNFRs in a rat colitis model and to determine the role of TNFRs in bromelain-induced alleviation of colitis. The bromelain used in this study is PFB (EC 3.4.22.33, 17 kDa) (17). A rat colitis model was established by intracolonic administration of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS), which is a classic model for studying IBD (18). The effects of PFB on colitis were also evaluated in vitro using the rat intestinal epithelial cell line IEC-6 and human colon epithelial cell line, Caco-2.
Fifty-four Sprague-Dawley male rats (5–7 weeks old, weighing between 200 and 220 g) were purchased from the experimental animal center at Dalian Medical University [Certificate of Conformity: No. SYXK (Liao) 2013-0006]. The experimental protocol was approved by the Animal Care and Ethics Committee of Dalian Medical University on June 8, 2012. The animal protocol was designed to reduce pain and discomfort in the animals. The rats were acclimated to laboratory conditions (23°C, 12/12 h light/dark, 50% humidity, ad libitum access to food and water) for 2 weeks prior to the experiments. Rats were housed one per cage and they were deprived of food for 12 h before the experiments. All rats were euthanized by barbiturate overdose (intravenous injection, 150 mg/kg pentobarbital sodium) for intestinal tissue collection.
PFB (EC 3.4.22.33) was purified by us from crude proteins of pineapple by high-speed counter-current chromatography (17). Briefly, Matured Pineapple fruits were purchased from a local store (Dalian, China) and authenticated by Dr. Yunpeng Diao (Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China). Pineapple fruit was used to extract the juice, after the juice refined by centrifugation (10,000 × g, 30 min, 4°C), finely powdered ammonium sulfate was added into the juice gradually to obtain 50% saturation with continuous stirring for 1 h. Overnight aging at 4°C, some precipitate was separated out and recovered by centrifugation at 10,000 × g for 30 min at 4°C. Finally, 7.6 g dry protein was obtained, which was used for subsequently isolation. HSCCC coupled with a reverse micelle solvent system was successfully applied to separate fruit bromelain from fruit of pineapple, and the protein content of separated fraction was reached to 99%, the electrophoresis of obtained fraction purity was 100%, and the activity recovery was 95.5%. Stem bromelain complex (E.C. 3.4.22.32) and sulfasalazine (SASP) were purchased from Tianjin Kingyork Group Co. Ltd. (Tianjin, China). Antibodies to TNFR1 (ab90463), TNFR2 (ab109322), NF-κB (ab16502), MLCK (ab76092), occludin (ab167161), Bcl-2 (ab59348), and Bax (ab53154) were purchased from Abcam Ltd. (Hong Kong, China). Chemicals were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), unless otherwise indicated.
Rat intestinal IEC-6 epithelial cells and human Caco-2 cells were obtained from the cell bank of the Shanghai Institute (Shanghai, China). The cells used in this study were evaluated before the experiments, and no significant interspecies variations in TNFR signaling were observed, which may have affected the results. Cells were maintained at 37°C in a 5% CO2 environment. The culture medium consisted of DMEM with 4.5 mg/mL glucose, 50 U/mL penicillin, 50 U/mL streptomycin, 4 mM glutamine, 25 mM HEPES, and 10% fetal bovine serum. Both fetal bovine serum and DMEM were purchased from Invitrogen (Waltham, MA, USA).
Twenty-four of the 54 rats were used to test the toxicity of bromelain in vivo. The rats were divided randomly into four groups (n = 6) including normal control rats, 2.5, 20, and 160 mg/kg PFB-treated groups. The remaining 30 rats were divided randomly into five groups (n = 6). The rats were treated as follows: group I, sham-operated control with intracolonic administration of saline; group II, colitis group; group III, SASP (100 mg/kg body weight, intragastric, dissolved in saline); group III, low-dose PFB (10 mg/kg body weight, intragastric, dissolved in saline); group IV, high-dose PFB (80 mg/kg body weight, intragastric, dissolved in saline), 1 day after colitis induction. SASP and PFB were administered by gavage once daily for 14 consecutive days. The rat colitis model was induced as described previously (19). Briefly, rats were fasted for 24 h with free access to drinking water. A catheter was inserted through the anus to approximately the level of the splenic flexure (8 cm proximal to the anal verge) under urethane anesthesia. The colon was then infused with 1 mL of TNBS dissolved in ethanol (50% v/v) at a dose of 125 mg/kg. The rats were allowed to eat and drink ad libitum from 1 h after the operation. Distal colon samples from full-thickness intestinal walls were harvested for biochemical studies.
Assessment of Inflammation
Animal body weight and total food intake for each group were measured daily. Macroscopic colon damage was scored on a scale of 0–10 (20). Colon preparations were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), and the results were evaluated according to previously defined morphological criteria (21–23). Levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Intestinal Barrier Function Analysis
Intestinal epithelial barrier function was measured in vivo according to a previous study (19). Briefly, rats received gavage administration of 150 µL (80 mg/mL) fluorescein isothiocyanate-4 kDa dextran (FD-4) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), before which rats were fasted but free to water for 3 h. One and three hours later, serum was harvested and measured using a Synergy HT plate reader (BioTek, Winooski, VT, USA). Intestinal barrier function in vitro was represented by transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) using an epithelial voltohmmeter. Caco-2 cells (4 × 105) were seeded in the upper chamber of a transwell filter. A barrier dysfunction cellular model was established in Caco-2 monolayers exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Western Blot Analysis
Colon sections were isolated from rats in each group and immediately stored in liquid nitrogen. Total protein was isolated from epithelial layer of the colon section using a Total Protein Extraction Kit (KeyGen Biotech, Nanjing, China). Blots were transferred to nitrocellulose filters and probed with corresponding antibodies at 4°C with gentle shaking overnight. Bands were detected and quantified using a MultiSpectral Imaging system (UVP, Cambridge, UK).
IEC-6 cells were transfected using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) with TNFR1/TNFR2-targeted or control small interfering RNA (siRNA) oligos (Dharmacon, Lafayette, CO, USA), according to the manufacturer's instructions [Takara Biotechnology (Dalian) Co., Ltd.]. The siRNA sequence for TNFR1/TNFR2 was produced by Genepharma, Ltd. (Shanghai, China). The efficiency of gene silencing was confirmed by western blotting.
The animal experiments, in vitro experiments, and data analyses were conducted according to a single-blind study design. Data were compared among three or more groups using a one-way ANOVA, and between two groups using Student's t-tests. Data were expressed as the mean ± SD. Data were normally distributed and each group showed similar variances. Further evaluations were carried out using Kruskal–Wallis rank sum tests. All experiments were repeated at least six times and a P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Dose/Concentration Selection and Toxicity of PFB in Normal Cells and Rats
The cytotoxicity of PFB in cell lines was examined in vitro to determine the effective concentration with no toxicity for subsequent experiments. Exposure to 2.5–160 µg/mL PFB for 36 h had no significant effect on the viability of IEC-6 (Figure 1A). Intragastric administration of PFB (2.5–160 mg/kg) for seven consecutive days had no significant effect on cytokine profiles [TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-8] (Figures 1B–D) in colon tissue. Furthermore, intragastric administration of PFB had no significant effect on the expression of mRNA and protein of TNFRs (Figures 1E,F). Based on these preliminary experiments and preliminary results reported by other researchers (15, 24), we used <80 mg/kg PFB for in vivo and <80 µg/mL PFB for in vitro experiments in this study.
Figure 1. Toxicity of purified fruit bromelain (PFB) in normal cells and rats. (A) Cytotoxicity of PFB was studied by MTT assay in the intestinal epithelial cell line IEC-6. PFB was administered to rats by gavage once daily for 14 consecutive days (n = 6). Expression levels of the colonic cytokines TNF-α (B), IL-1β (C), and IL-8 (D) were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and expression levels of mRNA and protein of TNFR1 and TNFR2 (E,F) were examined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively (n = 6). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD. Values in the normal control (NC) group are set to 100%, and other values are given relative to the NC group.
Colitis Rat Morphology and Defecation
Colitis symptoms for rats in TNBS group (TNBS-colitis) are shown in Table 1. Rats in the TNBS-colitis group regained consciousness about 2 h after anesthesia. Symptoms included loose stools, increased stool frequency, outflow of red or dark red liquid from the anus, positive fecal occult blood test, and loss of appetite. On day 3, these symptoms peaked and lasted for about 7 days. Seven days following colitis induction, loose stools were still seen in the TNBS-colitis group. Deaths were recorded throughout the experiment, as outlined in Table 1. New rats were added to maintain six rats per group.
Table 1. Colitis rat morphology and defecation.
PFB Ameliorated Colitis Symptoms
Successful establishment of colitis was confirmed with biochemical and macroscopic analysis. TNBS challenge provoked apparent colonic mucosal injuries, including serious hyperemia, edema, and ulcers, some of which were covered with necrosis on the surface of colonic mucosa. HE-staining revealed remarkable inflammatory cell infiltration even in muscle layers, irregular arrangement of glands, crypt abscesses, and thickened submucosal edema (Figure 2A). In the colitis group, rats had significantly lower body weight (Figure 2B) and lower food intake (Figure 2C) compared with the sham group, as well as more visible macroscopic damage (Figure 2D) and a higher colon weight-to-length ratio (Figure 2E). Colitis rats also had higher MPO activity (indicating neutrophil infiltration into the damaged tissue), higher pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8. PFB (10 and 80 mg/kg) and SASP reversed the pathological changes in the colitis model after 7 and 14 days of drug treatment, suggesting that PFB significantly ameliorated the colitis symptoms (Figures 2 and 3).
Figure 2. Purified fruit bromelain (PFB) alleviated colitis symptoms. Colitis symptoms were examined after 14 days of PFB therapy. (A) Hematoxylin and eosin -staining of rat colonic tissue (20×, scale bar is 100 µm). Effects of PFB on (B) body weight, (C) food intake, (D) macroscopically visible damage, and (E) colon weight-to-length ratio in colitis rats. Data in the sham group are set to a relative value of 100% and expressed as the mean ± SD. Other data are the relative values compared with sham: **P < 0.01 compared with sham group (n = 6 rats); ##P < 0.01 compared with TNBS control group (n = 6 rats). SASP, sulfasalazine.
Figure 3. Purified fruit bromelain (PFB) attenuated neutrophil infiltration and cytokine profiles. Effects of PFB on (A) myeloperoxidase (MPO), (B) TNF-α, (C) IL-1β, and (D) IL-8 in rat colon tissue determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD; **P < 0.01 compared with sham group; ##P < 0.01 compared with TNBS control group (n = 6 rats). SASP, sulfasalazine.
PFB Restores Intestinal Barrier Function
In vivo, intestinal barrier dysfunction leads to increase in serum recovery of FD-4. In single layer of Caco-2 cells, LPS leads to intestinal barrier dysfunction and significant TER reduction. In this study, the serum recovery of FD-4 was significantly increased in the colitis control group compared with the sham group. Gavage administration of PFB significantly reduced the serum recovery of FD-4. In in vitro studies, LPS induced decrease of TER, which was also significantly reversed by PFB (Figure 4). These results suggest that intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction is recovered by PFB treatment.
Figure 4. Purified fruit bromelain (PFB) reversed the increased intestinal permeability. After 14 days of PFB therapy, the intestinal permeability in each group was examined through testing serum recovery of FD-4 in vivo (A) and transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) in Caco-2 cells (B) (n = 6). Cells were incubated with 100 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h in the presence or absence of PFB. Data in the sham group or normal control (NC) cell group are set to a relative value of 100% and expressed as the mean ± SD. Other data are the relative values compared with sham or NC: **P < 0.01 compared with sham or NC group; ##P < 0.01 compared with TNBS control or LPS control group.
Potential Mechanisms Underlying PFB-Induced Therapeutic Effects on Colitis
In the TNBS group, expression levels of TNFR1, TNFR2, and NF-κB were significantly increased compared with the sham group, and all of these changes were reversed by treatment with PFB (Figure 5). The apoptosis-related protein Bax was significantly increased and Bcl-2 was significantly decreased in colitis rats, and these changes were also reversed by PFB. The epithelial tight junction dysfunction-related protein MLCK was significantly increased and the tight junction protein occludin was significantly decreased, and these changes were also reversed by PFB treatment. However, the increased expression level of TNFR mRNA was not significantly affected by PFB.
Figure 5. Potential mechanisms underlying purified fruit bromelain (PFB) induced therapeutic effects on colitis. Colonic segments were isolated after 14 days of PFB treatment. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of TNF-α receptor (TNFR) mRNA (A); Western blotting analysis of TNFR protein (B–D), inflammation marker NF-κB (B,E), tight junction barrier related protein myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) (B,F) and (B,G), apoptosis-related proteins Bax (B,H) and Bcl-2 (B,I). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD. Values in the sham group are set to 100% and other values are given relative to those in the sham group: **P < 0.01 compared with sham group; #P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01 compared with TNBS control group (n = 6 rats).
To confirm the role of PFB-induced TNFR inhibition in the treatment of colitis, we examined this effect in IEC-6 cells with or without siRNA targeting TNFR2. In normal cells, LPS induced significant increases in NF-κB and MLCK, which reflects the induction of inflammation and epithelial barrier dysfunction. These increases were significantly inhibited by both 10 and 80 mg/kg PFB (Figure 6). The PFB-induced inhibition of NF-κB and MLCK could be significantly abrogated by inhibition of TNFR2 by RNA interference (Figure 6). Moreover, the PFB-induced inhibition of NF-κB but not MLCK could be abrogated by inhibition of TNFR1 by RNA interference (Figure 7), suggesting that PFB alleviated inflammation and epithelial barrier dysfunction in a TNFR2-dependent manner. The results above suggest that TNFR-regulated inflammation, epithelial apoptosis, and tight junction barrier dysfunction in colitis may be blocked by PFB, which in turn may inhibit the release of cytokines, as well as decrease epithelial permeability.
Figure 6. Downregulation of TNFR2 in purified fruit bromelain (PFB)-induced inhibition of inflammation and epithelial barrier dysfunction. Effects of PFB on expression of TNFR2, NF-κB and MLCK in the presence of siRNA targeting TNFR2. (A) Representative Western blotting image for effects of PFB on expression of TNFR2, NF-κB and MLCK; statistical analysis of PFB on the expression of TNFR2 (B), NF-κB (C), and MLCK (D). Representative Western blotting image for effects of PFB on NF-κB and MLCK. Data are expressed as the mean± SD. Values are given relative to normal control (NC) in si-control (100%) and other values are given relative to the NC group: **P < 0.01 compared with NC; ##P < 0.01 compared with corresponding LPS control.
Figure 7. Downregulation of TNFR1 in purified fruit bromelain (PFB)-induced inhibition of inflammation and epithelial barrier dysfunction. Effects of PFB on expression of NF-κB and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in the presence of small interfering RNA targeting TNFR1. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD. Values are given relative to LPS-treated group (control, 100%) and other values are given relative to the control: **P < 0.01 compared with LPS control.
Comparative Study of PFB with PFB Complex
The bromelain used in this study is PFB, but commercial bromelain is a complex natural mixture of proteolytic enzymes derived from pineapple stems (10). The effect of PFB, fruit bromelain complex, and commercial stem bromelain complex on the expression of TNFR1 and TNFR2 in IEC-6 cells stimulated by LPS was studied. Compared with fruit bromelain and stem bromelain complexes, the inhibition of TNFR2 induced by PFB was stronger than the inhibition of TNFR1. These results indicate that PFB showed a stronger selective inhibitory effect on TNFR2 than TNFR1 (Figure 8).
Figure 8. Comparative study of purified fruit bromelain (PFB) with bromelain complex. Western blotting analysis of the effects of purified PFB (A), stem bromelain complex (B), and fruit bromelain complex (C) on the protein expression of TNFR1 and TNFR2. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD. Values in normal control (NC) group are set to 100% and other values are given relative to those in the NC group: **P < 0.01 compared with the NC group; #P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01 compared with LPS control group; &&P < 0.01 compared with as indicated (n = 6 experiments).
In this study, the expression level of TNFRs including TNFR1 and TNFR2 were significantly increased in a rat colitis model, and PFB-induced reduction of TNFR1 and TNFR2 ameliorated colitis symptoms. Accompanied with an increased expression of TNFR, visible macroscopic damage, mucosal inflammation, and tight junction barrier dysfunction in the colitis model were also significantly increased. PFB reversed the pathological changes in the colitis model.
Gavage administration of PFB significantly decreased colitis symptoms which were indicated by HE-staining, macroscopic damage scores, inflammatory response, as well as recovery of intestinal barrier function. In this study, the epithelial TNFR1 and TNFR2 were mainly studied in a colitis model. Both expression changes of TNFR1 and TNFR2 are involved in the inflammatory response in IBD; however, TNFR2 but not TNFR1 is involved in regulation of tight junction barrier function (25). TNFR1 is involved in the activation of apoptosis through several signaling pathways including MAP kinases and NF-κB activation. The activation of apoptosis process is not regulated by TNFR2 (7). Taken together, TNFR1 and TNFR2 may play distinct roles in IBD, which is also confirmed by our study. Although TNFR1 and TNFR2 play distinct roles in IBD, PFB induced reduction of both TNFR1 and TNFR2 resulting in alleviation of colitis. However, further studies are needed to distinguish the exact role of TNFR1 and TNFR2 in IBD.
Intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction leads to increased intestinal permeability and finally aggravates colitis (26). High expression level of MLCK, induced by TNFR2 activation, plays an important role in the increase of intestinal permeability (27, 28). In this study, the intestinal barrier dysfunction was significantly alleviated by PFB. TNFR2 expression was significantly reduced by PFB, leading to the reduction of MLCK expression. In the SASP-treated group, the high epithelial permeability was not significantly affected by SASP for 14 days after colitis induction.
Bromelain is one kind of protease whose role is thought to involve degradative action of targets at cell surfaces (29). In this study, increased expression of TNFRs in a colitis model was significantly reversed by PFB treatment. The anti-inflammatory effect of bromelain appears to be related to protease activity. However, other effects such as inhibition of cell growth and metastasis are associated with other nonproteolytic components contained in bromelain (24).
Consideration of two aspects of selectivity helps to clarify the therapeutic effect of PFB in colitis. First is the selective inhibition by PFB of TNFRs and other cell membrane receptors which is related to IBD development, such as toll-like receptors; the other is selective inhibition of the different TNFR isoforms, such as TNFR1 and TNFR2. The selective inhibition of TNFR1 and TNFR2 by PFB was compared with commercial bromelain, which is a mixture of cysteine proteases obtained from both pineapple stems and fruits. Results suggested a stronger selective inhibition of TNFR2 than TNFR1, which confirmed the protective effects of PFB on intestinal barrier function. Thus, the determination of the proteolytic activity alone may not be sufficient to completely characterize the pharmacological properties of bromelain. Results also showed PFB in low concentration indicate a stronger inhibition of TNFR1 expression than TNFR2. We speculated that PFB has a stronger drug potency of inhibition on TNFR1 than TNFR2 in low concentration. Another explanation for this is might be due to the presence of trace level of other proteolytic enzyme; however, it needs further study to examine what kinds of proteolytic enzyme has been involved.
In general, the bioactive constituents of natural sources are more promising candidates for new drug discoveries than specific agonists (30, 31). Purified bromelain is easily obtainable from natural sources because our previous study showed that the content of purified bromelain in pine apple fruit is about 0.15% (g/g). These data showed that purified bromelain is easily obtainable from natural sources and pineapple fruit maybe beneficial for the treatment and prevention of intestinal inflammation. However, the factors including drug stability and controllability in pineapple fruit are not involved. The present study was a preliminary study, with some experimental limitations. The potential toxicological effects of higher concentrations of PFB need to be determined in future studies. The results of the present study provide some novel insights into the mechanisms and potential therapeutic use of the natural product PFB in IBD.
Fifty-four Sprague-Dawley male rats (5–7 weeks old, weighing 200–220 g) were bought from the experimental animal center, Dalian Medical University [Certificate of Conformity: No. SYXK (Liao) 2013-0006]. The experimental protocol was approved by Animal Care and Ethics Committee of Dalian Medical University at June 8, 2012. The animal protocol was designed to reduce pain and discomfort to the animals. The rats were acclimatized to laboratory conditions (23°C, 12/12 h light/dark, 50% humidity, ad libitum access to food and water) for 2 weeks prior to the experiments. Rats were housed one per cage and were deprived of food for 12 h before the experiments. All rats were euthanized by barbiturate overdose (intravenous injection, 150 mg/kg pentobarbital sodium) for intestinal tissue collection.
DC, YX, JP, YL, and JW designed the research; ZZ, LW, PF, LY, CW, SZ, and JD performed the experiments; ZZ, LW, and PF analyzed the data; DC and YX wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81600440).
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Keywords: bromelain, purification, inflammation, cytokines, myosin light chain kinase, TNF-α receptor, inflammatory bowel disease, tight junction
Citation: Zhou Z, Wang L, Feng P, Yin L, Wang C, Zhi S, Dong J, Wang J, Lin Y, Chen D, Xiong Y and Peng J (2017) Inhibition of Epithelial TNF-α Receptors by Purified Fruit Bromelain Ameliorates Intestinal Inflammation and Barrier Dysfunction in Colitis. Front. Immunol. 8:1468. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01468
Received: 08 September 2017; Accepted: 19 October 2017;
Marcello Chieppa, IRCCS de Bellis, Italy
Angelo Santino, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Italy
Grazia Serino, University of Bari Medical School, Italy
Copyright: © 2017 Zhou, Wang, Feng, Yin, Wang, Zhi, Dong, Wang, Lin, Chen, Xiong and Peng. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Dapeng Chen, cdp.9527@163.com;
Yongjian Xiong, private007@126.com;
Jinyong Peng, jinyongpeng2005@163.com
†These authors have contributed equally to this work.


It's another month for good music and playlist! Some are new, some are old, but as long as they give us an eargasm, why not? Here are my picks for this month's #TMHplaylist!
So finally, Paramore released a new album. On May 12th, the band released their fifth studio album called "After Laughter", which pretty much made up this playlist. Also, I was fortunate enough to be at Dua Lipa's exclusive media showcase here in Manila, so a few of her songs definitely made up this month's list as well.
"Afterlight" album by Paramore - Finally, after 4 years and a month of waiting, they finally released an album after their self-titled one. They're back with happy and funky music, which is kind of the opposite of my forever favorite albums: "All We Know Is Falling" and "Riot!". Nonetheless, their first single off the new album called "Hard Times" is such a fun tune to sing to.
Dua Lipa - As I previously mentioned, I was at her exclusive media showcase last May 13th at Marco Polo Ortigas. She only sang three songs: "Blow Your Mind (Mwah)", "Be The One" and "Lost In Your Light", which instantly became my favorites because of how amazing she sounds live!
"Mama" by Jonas Blue, William Singe - I've been a fan of Jonas Blue ever since "Fast Car"! This time, he collaborated with Australian singer, songwriter and YouTube personality William Singe. I was again, fortunate to be able to witness him perform this song live at the recently concluded Manila X Festival!
"Rollin" by Calvin Harris, Future & Khalid - I have always loved Calvin Harris ever since his album, 18 Months was released. It was one of my favorite albums ever. Calvin has a distinct sound for his songs, but this time, he's sounding a little bit hiphop-y.
"No Promises" by Cheat Codes feat. Demi Lovato - Perfect song for lounging by the beach!
"Right Now" by HAIM - Like Paramore, HAIM is finally back with a new single, so yaaaay! Girls, please drop your album stat.


text:
College football: Ohio spotlight
Oct 12, 2007 at 12:01 AM Oct 12, 2007 at 10:50 AM
Game of the week Bowling Green (3-2) at Miami University (3-3), 3 p.m.
Gregg Brandon of Bowling Green isn't your average college coach. He's different, and not just because of that extra G in his first name. He's eccentric -- he'll wear deck shoes without socks or a bright orange sport coat -- and is off the wall while going about his business. Thus, he has been given the nickname "The Nutty Professor."
Two years ago, when a game against Miami University was delayed by lightning and the threat of a tornado, Brandon passed out strands of red rope. The mind game worked as BG won 42-14 for its first victory in Oxford since 1996.
"You could pull apart each strand, but you couldn't do it when they were tied together," defensive lineman Sean O'Drobinak said. "We call this game the 'Hold the Rope' game."
This week, red rope was all over Bowling Green's locker room. Miami is the Falcons' second-most important rival after Toledo.
This game is more important than pride. Both are in the Mid-American Conference East Division race now that favorites Ohio University and Kent State have two losses. Buffalo is 2-0 and a half-game ahead of BG and Miami (both are 1-0).
"In the grand scheme of things, this game and the next game (Kent State) are huge," Brandon said. "These are MAC East games, and these are the ones that we've been playing for."
Last week, fourth-ranked Boston College destroyed Bowling Green 55-24.
"The players are pretty fired up to prove that wasn't us out there last week," Brandon said. "That was a group of imposters."
Miami can expect an aerial show. Falcons quarterback Tyler Sheehan is completing 66 percent of his passes and averaging 352 yards per game.
The RedHawks, meanwhile, will likely start backup quarterback Daniel Raudabaugh for injured Mike Kokal. Defensive lineman Ben Huddle of Dublin Scioto also might sit out because of an injury.
Best of the rest Louisville (3-3) at Cincinnati (6-0), 8 p.m.
With only 105 miles separating these schools, the Bearcats swear they can hear Cardinals players bragging about having won eight of the past nine games in the series. They also have possession of the symbolic trophy, the Keg of Nails.
That streak could come to a halt, with Cincinnati showing so much muscle. It defeated seventh-ranked Rutgers last week and is working on a nine-game winning streak, the team's longest since 1953-54 under coach Sid Gillman.
Louisville has an NFL prospect in quarterback Bian Brohm -- he has thrown for 20 touchdowns and 2,415 yards -- but Cincinnati quarterback Ben Mauk leads an offense that's averaging 43.3 points and 445.3 yards.
Ohio Northern (4-1) at Capital (5-0), 1:30 p.m.
A Division III playoff spot is up for grabs. The top two finishing teams in the Ohio Athletic Conference have gotten bids four of the past five years.
Capital, which is ranked sixth nationally, is adjusting to being without quarterback Marty Assmann and receiver Derick Alexander. Both are out for the season with injuries.
Wade Bartholomew, a transfer from Ohio Dominican who graduated from Westfall, was stout last week against John Carroll, completing 18 of 29 passes for 161 yards and a touchdown.
Wittenberg (4-1) at Wabash (5-0), 1 p.m.
The North Coast Athletic Conference doesn't have a more important game. Last season, Wittenberg edged Wabash 19-17 to get a share of the conference title and nose out the Little Giants for a playoff spot.
The Tigers have the No. 1 defense in points allowed (10.2 per game) in the conference. The Little Giants have the top passing offense (262.4-yard average).
Wittenberg can pass, too. Sophomore quarterback Aaron Huffman of Newark is completing 62 percent for 1,092 yards.
mznidar@dispatch.com


So I'm currently sitting in front of the fire, rather annoyed. I wanted to watch something funny, so I went to hulu and decided to watch the most recent episode of Modern Family. I'm only 10 minutes in and I'm already appalled by how sexist this episode is. Going into it I knew that Modern Family had received some criticism in our class, but I've never realized just how sexist the jokes are until this episode. (http://www.hulu.com/watch/434584). Essentially, it's about Phil and Mitchel trying to stop their spouses, Claire and Cam (Cam is a man but is characterized as a woman in his relationship with Mitchel) from trying to flip a house. However, the entire humor is based on the idea that Claire and Cam are irrational and incapable of doing a good job flipping the house, and Phil and Mitchel know best but are afraid of upsetting their emotional partners, so they have to go over their partners' heads to stop them from buying/renovating/and reselling the house. At one point, when Claire is expressing why she wants to work and how she wants economic independence from her husband, the joke is that, at she first says it's so she can contribute to her kids' educations, but ultimately, it's because she wants some new shoes.
I'm sure I'm more aware of how insulting the humor is because of our class, but I can't believe that any other woman watching this show would not be insulted by the implications of the jokes made. I used to think that Modern Family challenged certain gender stereotypes (Phil cries more than Claire, Claire is seen as determined and focused while Phil is seen as a ditz, etc.). This episode, however, is so deeply rooted in offensive gender stereotypes that it's hard to think of Modern Family as a progressive TV show.
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Interviews archive for 2015
In conversation with Iqbal K Ahmed - From across the Atlantic
1 June 2015 | Iqbal K Ahmed, Sofia Rokerya | AMD, Cataract and Refractive, Cornea / External Eye Disease, Emergency Ophthalmology, Genetics, Glaucoma, Imaging, Neuro-Ophthalmology, Ocular Pathology and Oncology, Oculoplastics, Ophthalmology, Optometry, Orbit, Paediatric Ophthalmology / Strabismus, Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
Ike (Iqbal) K Ahmed is a pioneering ophthalmologist from Canada, currently serving as Assistant Professor at the University of Toronto, and Clinical Assistant Professor at the University of Utah. He is also the Research Fellowship Director, Department of Ophthalmology, University...
Ophthalmic mentors: Professor Carrie MacEwen
1 February 2015 | Rod McNeil | AMD, Cataract and Refractive, Cornea / External Eye Disease, Emergency Ophthalmology, Genetics, Glaucoma, Imaging, Neuro-Ophthalmology, Ocular Pathology and Oncology, Oculoplastics, Ophthalmology, Optometry, Orbit, Paediatric Ophthalmology / Strabismus, Retina / Uvea / Vitreous
Caroline (Carrie) MacEwen is a Consultant Ophthalmologist at Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, and Head of the Ophthalmology Department at the University of Dundee (Honorary Professor). She trained in Glasgow, Dundee and London. Carrie took over as President of...


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Dedicated to dance
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Classically British 2018
Classically British returns to the Tabernacle, in London's Notting Hill on October 26, with a programme designed to promote young British talent.
The company celebrates its 15th anniversary this year, and again holds its performances during the UK's Black History Month. This year's theme is "past and present", working with new and pioneering artists.
This year's featured artists including Namron, a founding member of London Contemporary Dance Theatre. He will perform the new work Coming to England, which recognises the Windrush generation.
The performance also features Layton Williams, known for playing the title role in Billy Elliot the Musical. He went on to play Kylie in the BBC series Beautiful People, and has also appeared in the West End shows Rent and Hairspray.
Kennedy Junior Muntanga and Joey Barton are both training at the Rambert School of Ballet and Contemporary Dance.
The performance starts at 7.30, with doors opening at 7pm. Tickets cost £11.07 on Eventbrite or £12 on the door, cash only.
There is also a dress rehearsal at 1.30 on Friday, October 26. Students from local schools and colleges, and members of the public are invited to attend. This event will include a retrospective of black dance pioneers and an open mic Q&A session.
Picture: Leyton Williams. Photograph by Daniel Ellyot
Zoe Anderson
Zoë was born in Edinburgh, and saw her first dance performances at the Festival there. She is the dance critic of The Independent, and has also written for The Independent on Sunday, The Scotsman and Dancing Times. In 2002, she received her doctorate from the University of York for a thesis on "Nationhood and epic romance: Ariosto, Sidney, Spenser". She is the author of The Royal Ballet: 75 Years and The Ballet Lover's Companion.
Strictly Speaking: The final
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