This hotel is a very good hotel for a stay in Malaga its close to the city centre and transport systems, being only a short ride on the airport train or taxi. Its facilities are excellent and the staff I encountered gave excellent service. I would strongly recommend this hotel for a stay in Malaga. - Good location, walking distance to city centre a... mitä ihmiset sanovat » nd most attractions. Very nice bathroom, comfy beds, A/C very good. Relaxed atmosphere. Helpful staff, and the breakfast was very good.
Mukava kokonaisuus ja hiljaiset huoneet. - Siisti, sopivan pieni hotelli, hyvä aamiainen.


Plumbing Insurance For Plumbers in Ontario | Mitchell & Whale Ltd.
Let our commercial insurance brokers compare the market to find you the best coverage for the best rates in Ontario.
The plumbing trade has its own risks and liabilities and as a responsible contractor, you need to make sure that you and your customers are protected. The main purpose of plumbing insurance is to protect your business and your customers from unforeseen losses related to the work you do.
Property insurance protects more than just your place of business. Ensure that the tools, equipment and supplies you store on your business property are as safe and secure as your building itself. Your property insurance should have coverage with limits that match the potential replacement costs of your shop's inventory and equipment.
If yours is a home-based business, you don't need commercial property insurance, but talk to your insurance professional to ensure that you have sufficient coverage for business-related tools and materials kept in your home.
Whether your plumbing business makes use of a single vehicle or a fleet of vans, your customized coverage can be tailored to include any and all vehicles that you, your partners, or employees use to get the job done. Protect yourself and your business from losses related to driving to and from job sites, picking up supplies etc.
If you use your personal vehicle to travel to your contracting jobs or to transport materials, be sure to tell your insurance company. It will cost you a little more, but you'll will be covered for both business and personal use of that vehicle.
Insuring your tools and equipment, not just against breakdown, but from loss, theft, or damage, can be vital. Protecting the tools of your trade is central to plumber's insurance; making sure what you need to complete any installation or repair is covered along with you and your business.


El Nasr Mining Company is located in Edfu (next to Luxor) which is located not too far away to the river Nile in the South of Egypt and were visited by Orascom trading together with Hitachi Construction Machinery Middle East Marketing department on July the 17th.
The mine company was established around 1960 and employs somewhere around 1700 people it is mining for Phosphate to be used in the ceramic Industry and spans a Mining area of 100 km (10 x 10 km). With a yearly production of up to 6 million tons per year it is operating two shifts to achieve its targets.
Orascom Trading the exclusive representative of Hitachi Construction Machinery in Egypt has an excellent relationship with the Mining Company which goes back and spans around twenty years in time.
The company is looking to improve their production capacity, recently in December 2017 they took delivery and added 2x EX1200-6 loading shovel excavators to their operation.
El Nasr Mining Company also purchased and bought 2 years extra warranty and with the contact, and a 24/7 service engineer is involved to guarantee a smooth and healthy operation.
With and old fleet of dump trucks 6x, they are also are looking into replacement for dump trucks when after they will consider another 2x EX1200-6 back hoe to team up together.
The arrival of the brand new machines on site has attracted contractors from the region who are interested and following the operation and perhaps could be targeted for future purchasing as well. Because of this seminar in Egypt with an eye on mining and quarries could be considered.


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New Qualtrics Employee Experience ID Boosts Recruiting and Retention Through Personalization
Employee Experience ID offers a unified view of every employee's experience to build trusted relationships between employers and employees
Technology helps pinpoint and fix issues that impact worker retention, engagement and productivity over time
PROVO, Utah and SEATTLE (April 27, 2022) — Qualtrics (Nasdaq: XM), the leader and creator of the experience management (XM) category, today announced Employee Experience ID, which gives organizations a unified view of their employees' experience with the company over time, including their preferences (i.e. how and when employees prefer to work), engagement, performance and feedback about work.
Understanding how employees think and feel about their jobs is increasingly vital to organizations facing high turnover, staffing shortages, burnout and evolving priorities among employees. However, company leaders often only capture and analyze feedback for specific moments in time, never making the connection between how these individual moments—such as onboarding—might impact another.
Employee Experience ID brings experience data collected over time together into a single profile to give organizations a holistic view of an employee's experience with the company as well as enable them to identify trends among similar groups of employees and actions they can take to boost engagement and productivity. For example, organizations could identify that female middle managers are among the employee groups most likely to quit and then ask for feedback on what changes leaders can implement to create better experiences for those groups.
Employee Journey Analytics, a new capability powered by Employee Experience ID, reveals how individual moments in an employee's journey—including hiring, onboarding, manager interactions, technology experiences and more—impact one another, and ultimately how they influence employees' engagement and retention. This is especially important now as Qualtrics research shows 28% of employees plan to quit within the next year. Employee Journey Analytics can signal trends and risks among groups of employees across different experiences, helping employers modernize their playbooks to keep employees satisfied in their roles.
Improving employees' experiences at work will keep them engaged and less likely to quit
Leveraging Qualtrics, a large multinational retailer discovered that when managers reached out to new employees on their team before the first day of work, those employees were more likely to say their jobs met or exceeded their expectations on day 30, and less likely to experience on-the-job stress compared to those who did not hear from their manager before day one. They also found that managers reaching out via text had a more positive influence on engagement than email. By analyzing feedback from onboarding with engagement metrics, this company directed managers to take a small but important action to effectively welcome new hires and significantly impact their team's future performance.
Verizon uses Qualtrics EmployeeXM™ to manage its employee experience program. With Employee Journey Analytics, Verizon's people leaders can quickly analyze employee experience data from their Engagement and Exit pulses directly in the Qualtrics platform to identify the key factors that had the largest impact on employees' decision on whether to stay, or leave, the company.
"We recognize the power of using data to design workplace experiences that employees will love, and we're proud to work with Qualtrics as part of our efforts to recruit and retain top talent," said Verizon Senior Human Resources Manager Robert J. Pedlar. "Being able to pinpoint specific moments in our employees' journeys that could impact engagement and retention, and address any inflection points before they happen for future employees, has been game changing."
Understand how each employee experience is connected
Throughout an employee's journey, Qualtrics research shows a clear relationship between employees' engagement and their technology experience. Employees who say that their technology is enabling productivity are 158% more engaged and have 61% higher intent-to-stay beyond three years, compared to those who don't.
The more employees feel their overall experience meets or exceeds their expectations, the longer they intend to stay. For example, trusting the manager is a big factor impacting employee retention. For employees who intend to stay in the company for more than three years, 81% said they trust their manager. In comparison, for those who intend to stay for only less than a year, only 49% said they trust their manager.
"The pressure is on for organizations looking to recruit and retain top talent. Every relationship is based on a series of experiences, and leaders who understand how employees' journeys are impacted during their tenure will have a competitive advantage," said Jay Choi, Qualtrics EVP and chief product officer, EmployeeXM. "Employee Journey Analytics, as part of our vision for Employee Experience ID, helps organizations understand the most important moments in an employee's journey, like onboarding, and how that has a direct impact on engagement and intent to stay so organizations can take precise action to improve the entire employee experience."
For more information about Employee Experience ID and Employee Journey Analytics, please visit the Qualtrics Blog.
Employee Journey Analytics is generally available today. Additional features powered by Employee Experience ID will be available later in 2022.
Study Methodology
Qualtrics' 2022 Experience Trends Report was fielded between August and September 2021. Respondents were selected from a randomized panel and considered eligible if they live in one of the 27 countries included in the study, are at least 18 years of age and are employed full-time. The total number of respondents was 13,936. Respondents who did not pass quality standards were removed.
About Qualtrics
Qualtrics, the leader and creator of the experience management (XM) category, is changing the way organizations manage and improve the four core experiences of business—customer, employee, product and brand. Over 16,750 organizations around the world use Qualtrics to listen, understand and take action on experience data (X-data™)—the beliefs, emotions and intentions that tell you why things are happening, and what to do about it. The Qualtrics XM Platform™ is a system of action that helps businesses attract customers who stay longer and buy more, engage employees who build a positive culture, develop breakthrough products people love and build a brand people are passionate about. To learn more, please visit qualtrics.com.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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011 Београд је српско-аустријски филм снимљен 2003. године који је режирао Михаел Фаинфербергер.

Радња

Снажна и емотивна прича о младима који покушавају пронаћи своје мјесто под сунцем.

Троје младих Београђана живе у граду у којем влада сурови прагматизам и који не нуди много перспективе за живот. Уздајући се у своје пријатељство, на довитљив начин одлучују да потраже пут који води до остварења њихових снова и надања и неке лепше будућности.

Улоге

|-
|Михаило Лађевац||Дејан
|-
|Вања Ејдус||Маја
|-
|Ана Стефановић||Дања
|-
|Радивоје Буквић||Жељко
|-
|Борис Комненић||Перо
|-
|Горан Султановић||Аца
|}

Референце

Спољашње везе

Српски филмови
Филмови 2003.
Аустријски филмови

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Greer's arrest was the first made by a statewide grand jury examining public corruption, which was called for by Gov. Charlie Crist, who personally picked Greer to lead the Republican Party of Florida.
Greer, pressured to resign from the party in February, has been under Florida Department of Law Enforcement investigation since spring after new party leaders discovered the Victory Strategies contract.
While Greer took shots from numerous rank-and-file Republicans, Crist stood firmly by him.
Asked if he bore any blame for Greer's troubles, Crist said, "I do not feel complicit." About 45 minutes before Greer's arrest, authorities informed Crist by telephone. Greer was picked up at his Oviedo home — and accidentally cut himself while shaving. Two banks connected to Greer, SunTrust and United Legacy Bank, were searched along with Greer's home.
Greer started to lose control of the party as Republican John McCain's presidential campaign floundered in the must-win state of Florida. As Crist's fortunes sank over the following months, so did Greer's.
Meanwhile, word of big-spending on party American Express cards bedeviled Republicans, leading Greer to cut his AmEx card to stem the criticism. Greer charged about $500,000 on his card — a fraction of what other party officials rang up.
"What we're focused on is Victory Strategies," Shepherd said.


Osteoporosis is a disease of the bones common to the population we treat. Osteoporosis can affect both men and women and woman can lose up to 20% of their bone mass in the years after menopause.
There are two categories of Osteoporosis: primary and secondary. Primary osteoporosis includes postmenopausal, senile and idiopathic. Secondary osteoporosis is caused by various medical conditions including chronic kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis and hyperthyroidism.
Coding for osteoporosis is not difficult if the documentation indicates which type of osteoporosis is present. The two most common codes used are 733.01 (postmenopausal and senile OP) and 733.00 (Osteoporosis unspecified). For coding purposes, when documenting osteoporosis the provider should state which type of osteoporosis is present. To follow ICD-9 guidelines, if the documentation states only osteoporosis, the coder has no choice but to assign 733.00.
Most fractures in the elderly are fragility fractures related to osteoporosis. As such, these are known as pathologic fractures (other conditions cause pathologic fractures, such as cancer) and if a fracture is present, it is imperative to document if it is due to osteoporosis (i.e., pathologic). Not all fractures in the presence of osteoporosis are pathologic, so documentation should be clear.
Some osteoporotic fractures, such as vertebral fractures (733.13) remain symptomatic for months or longer. In such cases, the fracture may continue to be coded if the provider a) documents the fracture as pathologic and b) treatment is be aimed at the effects of the fracture and not only treatment for osteoporosis.


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Metrox Exodus Available Exclusively on Epic Games Stores until 2020
Deep Silver announces it has signed a partnership with Epic Games to exclusively distribute Metro Exodus on the Epic Games Store. In addition, Epic will leave 88% of revenues to Deep Silver and 4A Games. Rest assured, if you have already pre-ordered the game on Steam, your order will be honored and you will be…
January 30, 2019 in Uncategorized.
Sybnautica Below Zero: Early Access is now Available!
Subnautica: Below Zero is now available on Steam, the Epic Games Store and Discord Games Store. For the occasion, you have a nice launch trailer with penguins, big aquatic monsters and a kind of snowmobile. Remember that the title will use the same development process as Subnautica, and the developers, specify it: buy it to…
E3 2014 | The Order: 1886 Release Date and Collector's Editions Revealed
Sony reveals the release date for their upcoming new IP, as well as some incredible looking collector's editions. Not only did Sony show off some great looking gameplay footage of the game, but they also announced the new date and two collector's editions that can be picked up here in North America. The first of…
June 10, 2014 in E3 2014, PS4 News.
E3 2014 | Uncharted 4: A Thief's End Announced for 2015
Naughty Dog helps end Sony's press conference in the best way possible. Sony hit fans hard with their final trailer, revealing the title for the newest entry in their critically acclaimed action series – Uncharted 4: A Thief's End. The trailer paints a much darker and grounded tone, and confirms the return of fan favorite…
E3 2014 | Dead Island 2 Announced
Three awesome trailers in a row. The original Dead Island was a surprise hit for Deep Silver, and Dead Island: Riptide held players off until an official sequel was released. Fortunately, that sequel was announced at Sony's E3 conference and is releasing relatively soon. Revealed with yet another incredible trailer, Dead Island 2 "features crazy,…
E3 2014 | Bloodborne is From Software's 'Project Beast'
The leaked trademark 'Project Beast' is now officially titled Bloodborne. From Software's new IP was shown off today in a very moody and unsettling trailer. Not much else was shown or discussed aside from a release year of 2015. Check out the trailer below.
E3 2014 | Standalone inFamous: Second Son DLC Coming This Summer
Neon-powered, fan favorite Fetch takes the center stage in the upcoming inFamous: Second Son DLC – First Light. Sucker Punch only recently made their PS4 console debut with their newest entry in the inFamous series, but they are still hard at work with content for fans. During Sony's presser, the first trailer for an upcoming…
E3 2014 | LittleBigPlanet 3 Announced for PS4
In a surprise announcement today, Sony announced LittleBigPlanet 3.
E3 2014 | Final Fantasy Type-0 HD Announced For PS4, Xbox One
Final Fantasy fans are finally getting their wish, as Square-Enix dropped a huge megaton today.
June 10, 2014 in E3 2014, PS4 News, XBox One News.
In Defense of Scripted Multiplayer Chatter
Every E3, we're shown live multiplayer demos and we typically make jokes about how the players on stage are too polite for this to come off as real multiplayer session. But now I'm seeing that a lot of people are being serious and are annoyed that the chatter is "scripted" and you know what, that's stupid. Let…
June 10, 2014 in Articles, E3 2014, PC Articles.
PC Articles
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iGoGaming - Where Gamers Go - PC / PS4 / Xbox One News & Blog


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Home Celeb Family Gabrielle Crahan Wiki, Age (Shawn Crahan Daughter) Bio, Family Facts
Gabrielle Crahan Wiki, Age (Shawn Crahan Daughter) Bio, Family Facts
Gabrielle Crahan (born in 1997 – died May 18, 2019) was an American Famous Personality and Celebrity Kid from Des Moines, Iowa. She was best-known as the youngest daughter of Shawn Crahan (Slipknot's Clown) who is an American musician, record producer, and director.
Furthermore, the 49-year-old Crahan is also usually identified by his stage persona "Clown" and "#6". He is one of the two percussionists and co-founder of the heavy metal band "Slipknot".
Moreover, Shawn's band also won the Grammy Award in their successful career. Recently, on May 18, 2019, Gabrielle Crahan passed away at the young age of 22. However, the main cause of her death is not disclosed by her family members.
Early Life, Parents & Profile
Trivia & Quick Info
Some Lesser Known Facts about Gabrielle Crahan
Gabrielle Crahan was born in 1997 in Des Moines, Iowa, USA. Therefore, her age was 22 years old, as of 2019. Her father, Shawn has announced the tragic news about the loss of his beloved girl on his Instagram account.
He wrote that he has to tell his followers that his youngest daughter, Gabrielle, died yesterday – Saturday, May 18th, 2019. Clown also stated that the funeral arrangements will be approaching.
Moreover, he also asked for privacy from his fans in this difficult time. Gabrielle's mother "Chantel Crahan" is also heartbroken with the loss of her child. She also had three siblings i.e. two elder brothers Gage and Simon Crahan and one older sister "Alexandria Crahan".
As of education, Slipknot's Clown, Shawn Crahan's daughter was a high school graduate and completed her school education from Iowa. But the information about her college education is not available on the internet.
Real Full Birth Name Gabrielle Crahan.
Nick name Gabrielle.
Profession NA.
Famous for Being the daughter of Shawn Crahan (American Musician, songwriter, record producer, director, and photographer).
Age (As of 2019) 22 years old.
Date of Birth (DOB), Birthday 1997.
Date of Death May 18, 2019.
Birthplace/Hometown Des Moines, Iowa, USA.
Nationality American.
Sexuality (Gay or Lesbian) Straight.
Ethnicity White Caucasian Descent.
Religion Christianity.
Sun Sign (Zodiac Sign) Not available.
House In Iowa, USA.
Social Media Account Stats Instagram: NA.
Twitter: --
Facebook: --
Meters: 1.68 m.
Shoe Size (UK) 6.
Tattoo details? NA.
Eye Color Blue.
Hair Color Blonde.
Parents Father: Michael Shawn Crahan.
Mother: Chantel Crahan.
Siblings Brother: Gage and Simon Crahan.
Sister: Alexandria Crahan.
Famous Relatives Grandparents:
Aunt:
Personal Life Relationship
Dating History? Love Affair with her boyfriend.
Boyfriend Will update.
Son NA.
Alma Mater. Will update.
Favorite Celebrities Actor: Ryan Gosling.
Dream Holiday Destination Paris.
Love to do Reading, Shopping, and Listening to music.
Favorite Food Pizza, Fries & Ice Cream.
Net worth (approx.) Under Revision (As of 2018).
Salary, Income & Earnings --
Mobile or Phone Number --
Office Address NA.
Home Details Will Update.
Email Address Not found.
Wikipedia: Gabrielle Crahan bro, Simon, is also an American musician and songwriter.
He wrote on his social media account that "Today is the difficult day ever and he is confused, angry, sad in order to express the pain of his younger sister's death.
Furthermore, Alexandria also posted a childhood picture of herself and her late Gabriella and captioned it as "22 is too young to die. She is in shock and has no idea how to process the wave of emotions she was feeling.
She then added that the support she has in these times is her family, friends, and cats. Alexandria asked her followers to put good energy out for her parents and her brothers.
Moreover, many people started speculating the cause of Gabrielle's death. One claimed that she died of a drugs overdose.
Slipknot's Clown famed Shawn Crahan's Child loves to travel and shop online.
Explore More: The Biography of Katie Bell, Lifestyle, Story & Affairs
But Alexandria bashed them for judging her sister's demise and asked them to leave her family alone.
Corey Taylor (Slipknot singer) also took to Twitter to express his condolences for his bandmate.
He said that his heart has broken for his brother. He also requested his fans to keep the Crahan family in their thoughts and love.
Gabrielle Crahan
Shawn Crahan
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Black Iguana, Spiny-tailed Iguana, Scaly-tailed Iguana, Wishwilly.
Lots of Names for this guy but, I'm calling him the first of my 365 photo challenge.
Do I have the discipline to post a photo every day for 365 days, #1 posted within 24 hours of when it was taken.
That's the ugliest bird I've ever seen!
I'm still laughing , you caught me by surprise.
*grins* Sometimes the classic jokes are the best.
Hes an older one . The locals actually eat them. This guy is lucky to live near the hotel where hes safe.


There is a new Ideas and Psychotherapy Study Group being formed which you are welcome to attend. Further details will follow but the provisional date is Tuesday 2nd October in West End, Brisbane.
For fuller details please visit http://www.geofffitzgerald.com.au/ideas-and-psychotherapy.


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Formulas » Chemistry Formulas » Ammonium Chloride Formula
Ammonium Chloride Formula
Ammonium Chloride Formula: Explore More about Ammonium Chloride Formula with solved examples.
Here we will be discussing the formula of Ammonium Chloride and also the various uses of Ammonium Chloride in our day to day life.
Sal ammoniac is also known as ammonium chloride. It can also be termed hydrogen chloride and salt of ammonia. The formula of ammonium chloride can be written as NH4Cl, Ammonium chloride is an inorganic compound.
The ammonium chloride chemical is crystalline in structure, white in color has a mild acidic nature and is completely soluble in water. Ammonium chloride is basically used to treat urine stones in cattle, sheep and goats. It has many uses in the veterinary field.
Ammonium chloride is a diuretic agent and is found in the human body and the urine. It helps in the regulation of the pH. It also has a potential action on the mucus membranes, which help provide relief to coughing.
The properties of Ammonium Chloride are
The melting point of Ammonium Chloride Is 338°C
The boiling point of Ammonium Chloride is 520°C
The density of Ammonium Chloride is 1.53g/cm3
The molecular weight of Ammonium Chloride is 53.491g/mol.
Uses of Ammonium Chloride
Ammonium Chloride has been found to be the most important use as a source of nitrogen in fertilizers. In the medicine field, ammonium chloride has found use in coughing medicine which provides relief. It is found to be used as an electrolyte in leclanche cells. It is also used as a food supplement for grazing animals. It has been used in the baking industry as a nutrient to the yeast, which helps make bread. It is also used to treat certain urinary tract infections because ammonium chloride helps to maintain the pH of the urine.
Ammonium chloride has certain health hazards. An overdose of Ammonium Chloride can result in higher blood pressure. The effect of the gasses can lead to irritation, cough, nausea, dizziness, shortening of breath and discomfort and usually, it can cause an asthma-like reaction.
Get answers to the most common queries related to the Ammonium Chloride Formula.
What is the use of Ammonium Chloride?
Ans. Ammonium chloride can be used as a nitrogen-rich fertilizer for crops. It has found use in certain medical fiel...Read full
What are the harmful side effects of Ammonium Chloride?
Ans. An overdose of Ammonium Chloride can be very harmful to the human body. It affects the human body adversely and...Read full
What is the basic spectrum where ammonium chloride is used?
Ans. Ammonium chloride has found its use in many household products like bleach, hair shampoo, hair colors, facial m...Read full
Ans. Ammonium chloride can be used as a nitrogen-rich fertilizer for crops. It has found use in certain medical fields of animals, like preventing kidney stones in sheep and cows. It is used to maintain the balanced pH of the urine.
Ans. An overdose of Ammonium Chloride can be very harmful to the human body. It affects the human body adversely and may cause dizziness, and a person might feel nauseated. The various adverse effects can range according to the severity of the intake.
Ans. Ammonium chloride has found its use in many household products like bleach, hair shampoo, hair colors, facial mask, hand wash, dish wash, and detergents. It is also used to produce ammonia in the industrial sector on a large scale.


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Palliative medicine as a specialty
Published on: June 30, 2014 Author: David Clark 4 Comments
A new report has just appeared from the excellent Atlantes team at the University of Navarra in Spain. It sets out a detailed description of the development in Europe of palliative medicine as a field of specialisation. This is a challenging issue to study, in a context where modes of accreditation, licensing and associated procedural and legal structures can vary so much. But it is important work if we are to get a better understanding of how the specialty has developed to date and the issues it faces, going forward. In this post I set out the story of how specialty recognition for palliative medicine was first achieved and some of the developments that have ocurred since then. I conclude with some thoughts on the dilemmas faced by the nascent specialty as it seeks to establish its reputation within the medical establishment.
Specialisation in the United Kingdom and Ireland
In the United Kingdom of the 1980s, and building on the successes of the voluntary hospice movement, three factors came together to create a platform for the wider development of the emerging field of palliative medicine: a medical association was formed to support its practitioners; a scientific journal was established; and in due course, following extensive endeavours, formal recognition was given to palliative medicine as an area of specialisation. [i]
By 1985, plans were being developed in the UK for the creation of an association to represent the interests of physicians working in palliative care. Cicely Saunders wrote enthusiastically about it to Derek Doyle[ii] who together with Robert Twycross, working with Richard Hilllier made up a key group of early protagonists. All three were physicians working in hospices. Derek Doyle had been instrumental in establishing St Columba's Hospice in Edinburgh, which opened in 1977 and where he was the first Medical Director. Robert Twycross had joined St Christopher's as a medical Research Fellow in 1971 and in 1976 he was appointed Consultant Physician at the NHS hospice Sir Michael Sobell House, in Oxford. Richard Hillier was a former GP who had been drawn into hospice care in the 1970s and became the Medical Director of Countess Mountbatten House in Southampton, in 1977[iii]. Following some early discussion about whether the term 'hospice' should appear in the name, the group soon came to be known as the Association for Palliative Medicine for Great Britain and Ireland. The executive committee of the new association quickly became aware of a paper written by the then Deputy Chief Medical Officer for England, Gillian Ford, in which she outlined the potential for this new field of medicine to gain recognition as a specialty in its own right. Dr Ford was a key ally in the process. She had shared a flat with Cicely Saunders as medical students and also taken up a volunteer role providing medical cover at St Christopher's Hospice at weekends.
Engaging the medical establishment
Discussions got underway with a number of key committees within the Royal Colleges, including the Intercollegiate Committee on Oncology and ideas were developed about how a training programme for the field could be put together. It proved that the most influential group in this regard was the Joint Committee on Higher Medical Training (JCHMT). At the time, a growing number of universities and medical schools were calling on those working in hospices to teach students about pain control and on communications issues, though as yet no formal curriculum on palliative medicine existed. Gillian Ford prepared a paper for the JCHMT and at the same time encouraged the chairman of the Specialty Advisory Committee in General Medicine and other senior medical colleagues to visit St Christopher's for an appreciation of the work being done there. These senior medical colleagues found themselves impressed by the research of Robert Twycross on the actions of morphine and diamorphine[iv] and by Colin Murray Parkes' evaluations of the impact of hospice care. [v] There was also considerable interest in the multi-disciplinary approach that was being adopted at the hospice and the way in which the efforts of the team were focussed on the 'total pain' of the patient, seen in a multi-factorial light. Yet there was still a sense up to the late 1970s and early 1980s that the constituent elements of what came to be called specialist palliative care, had not yet been teased out. This made for difficulties in devising a training programme for what at that time were known as the senior registrar years within medical training. It was also necessary to determine the specific prior experience that would be necessary for entry into the new field.
The outcome of these deliberations was enormously important for the history of palliative care in the UK and Ireland, and arguably much further afield too [vi]. In 1987 palliative medicine was established as a sub-specialty of general medicine, initially on a seven year 'novitiate', which once successfully concluded, led to the creation of a specialty in its own right. Indeed the specialty broke new ground in accepting as an appropriate qualification for entry membership of the Royal Colleges of Physicians, Radiology, and Anaesthetics; initially membership of the Royal College of General Practitioners was not a recognised mode of entry, though considerable protest and further campaigning led to its recognition within a few years.
The four year training programme in the UK was designed to equip doctors with skills to practice palliative medicine in any setting. It was heavily supported by Cancer Relief Macmillan Fund which provided pump-priming grants to set up new Senior Registrar Training Programmes. There were ten posts in the first wave of development[vii]. The training generally included at least two years within specialist palliative care teams such as hospice or hospital based, combined with a range of relevant training in chronic pain management, oncology, community services, or paediatric palliative care. Importantly, UK programmes also required competence in a range of essential management skills including recruiting and managing staff, and service development. In 2005 it was noted by Doyle that 'In practise, most recruits into the specialty today have had several years' experience in general medicine, oncology or radiotherapy, after gaining their higher qualification, but only a few have had experience of specialist palliative medicine as an SHO [Senior House Officer]. [viii] In 2007 Professor John Tooke's inquiry into medical careers recommended that medical training should consist of 1) one foundation year (similar to house officer year), 2) three years of general training in a broad mix of specialties 3) followed by four to five years in higher specialist training. Progression through the three stages would require achievement of competencies and a rigorous selection process – and this was to become the new framework for those training in palliative medicine.
A journal
At the same time as the initial developments about the specialty were taking place in the 1980s, discussions were also underway about the creation of a journal to publish research, reviews and debate relating to the work of the new field. Following some discussion about its name and orientation, the first issue was published in 1987. It bore the title Palliative Medicine under which a 'strap line' appeared on the cover stating: a multi-professional journal. The wording was crucial and did a fair amount to antagonise colleagues in other professions, but the message was clear: medical practitioners had seized hold of the new field of caring for those with advanced disease at the end of life and over time, the medical model would exert a growing influence on thinking and practice. Enigmatically, the first issue contained a paper by Cicely Saunders entitled 'What's in a name?'[ix]
Developments in Ireland took a similar path. In 1989 the first post of consultant physician in palliative medicine was created in the form of a joint appointment between Our Lady's Hospice and St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin. Then in the mid 1990s, the Irish Medical Council considered the inclusion of palliative medicine in its list of recognised specialties. Such recognition required evidence of a significant corpus of knowledge specific to palliative medicine, over and above that which would be within the competence of any registered medical practitioner as well as the existence of a recognised body to oversee developments in the new specialty, including training and education. The Minister for Health and Children approved the inclusion of palliative medicine amongst the list of recognised Irish medical specialties in June 1995.[x]
Within an intensive period of activity lasting just a few years, both the UK and Ireland had succeeded in establishing the specialty of palliative medicine, with a training programme leading to consultant status. Arrangements for representing the interests of the field were now in place and an appropriate scientific journal had been established. Subsequently there would be considerable expansion in the palliative medicine workforce.
Europe and beyond
In 2007 Carlos Centeno and colleagues[xi] could report on a survey of palliative medicine specialization in the WHO European region, covering 52 countries. They found that palliative medicine had official certification in just seven European countries. In five countries beyond the UK and Ireland, palliative medicine had become a sub-specialty consisting in a second specialisation following certification in a full specialty: in Poland (1999), Romania (2000), Slovakia (2005), Germany (2006) and France (2007). In ten other countries – Czech Republic, Denmark, Norway, Sweden,Finland, Iceland, Spain, Malta, Israel and Latvia – there was evidence of discussion and actions in process relating to certification in palliative medicine. Elsewhere in Europe the evidence was less clear, but there was information to show at least postgraduate courses or university diplomas in: Italy, Lithuania, Portugal, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary and Luxembourg. The Nordic Specialist Course in Palliative Medicine, begun in 2001, and bringing together five countries in collaboration was a particularly sophisticated example of its type and a likely pre-cursor to specialty recognition [xii]
By 2010 around 18 countries worldwide had established palliative medicine as a specialty or sub-specialty. Within these there was considerable diversity in the procedures governing specialty status. Palliative medicine, whether described as a specialty or sub-specialty, did not constitute a uniform 'currency' of specialisation for the field. Health care systems differed significantly in their accreditation of medical practitioners and especially in their accreditation of specialist training, and this was reflected in the recognition of palliative medicine in different places. There were also resource implications affecting support for training, though these did not explain the wide variations in length of training that could be observed.
Estimate of countries with palliative medicine as a specialty or subspecialty in 2010
From: Clark, D (2010) International progress in creating palliative medicine as a specialized discipline. In G Hanks et al Oxford Textbook of Palliative Medicine, 4th edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp 9-16.
Ireland 1995
Latvia 2005
In 2014 further details were available on the European context[xiii]. Centeno and colleagues reported that specialty recognition for palliative medicine had been obtained in 18 out of the 53 countries in the WHO European Region. The report described the main features of the specialisation process in each country and the date of certification. Eleven countries had now joined the list since the previous European study: Malta, Czech Republic, Finland, Georgia, Latvia, Norway, Israel, Italy, Hungary, Portugal and Denmark. Ten of the 18 countries had recognised the specialty, sub-specialty or field of competence status within the five previous years. A high level of heterogeneity in the training processes and programmes was again acknowledged.
Beyond the WHO European Region, there is no well documented assessment of countries with palliative medicine accreditation. At least one addition to the 2010 world list (above) is Lebanon (2013). Taking this into account, and the updated figures for WHO Europe from the Atlantes team:
My current estimate is that in 2014 there are at least 26 countries around the world that have now recognised some form of accreditation for the specialty or sub-specialty of palliative medicine.
I would be glad to hear of any further updates on this. The full list of countries of which I am aware is: Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Hong Kong, Hungary, Israel, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lebanon, Malta, New Zealand, Norway, Phillipines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Australia, Malaysia, Argentina, UK, USA.
Debates, variations and discontents about specialisation
There are however some major anomalies in how palliative medicine has gained recognition and accreditation. Derek Doyle has argued that the question of whether to seek specialty or sub-specialty status can only be decided at the country level, but notes that the only countries where palliative medicine has made much impact on professional education and clinical practice are those where physicians are working full time in the field, whether or not specialty recognition exists. [xiv] At the same time specialty recognition can be seen as a turning point in hospice and palliative care history.[xv] It has been noted that 'the original heated debate that accompanied the development of palliative medicine as a medical specialty in the UK in 1987 has continued in all other countries where the effort has been made to develop the specialty'.[xvi]
For some, specialisation has been seen as the key to integration of palliative care into the mainstream health system and a major platform from which to develop an 'evidence based' model of practice that is crucial to long term viability. Others have appeared concerned about the emphasis upon physical symptoms at the expense of psychosocial and spiritual matters. There have been claims that forces of medicalisation and routinisation [xvii] are at work or even that the 'holism' of palliative care philosophy masks a new, more subtle form of surveillance of the dying and bereaved in modern society. [xviii]
Just a few years after specialist recognition in the UK, the St Christopher's trained Irish palliative medicine physician Michael Kearney could raise concerns about a specialty narrowly bounded by the practice of 'symptomatology' and thereby failing to create the conditions for deeper, personal 'healing'.[xix] In a later work he went on to emphasise the need for palliative medicine to draw upon Greek traditions associated with Askelepian healing and for these to be integrated with the modern science of symptom control. [xx]
Questions were raised by others about whether palliative medicine was really specialist territory, and not more properly the domain of the generalist. Why had there been so little discussion on why specialization in palliative medicine came about, whether it is the most appropriate way to address acknowledged deficiencies in care, and whether it could be sustained in the long term? Examining the factors that contributed to the evolution of palliative medicine as a specialty, was 'its future is in doubt'?[xxvi] Definitional problems raised further concerns. A 2008 review by Pastrana and colleagues focussed on definitions of the term 'palliative medicine' and 'palliative care' in two languages, found a total of 37 English and 26 German versions, confirming 'lack of a consistent meaning'[xxi] associated with the field.
It has been suggested that palliative medicine has the advantage of being a new and emerging speciality, relatively unencumbered by vested interests and capable of avoiding the mistakes sometimes made in other areas of medicine, in particular the risk of achieving a lot for a few, whilst the needs of the majority remain unmet.[xxii] For such an approach it is important that we have a worldwide perspective, accompanied by specific knowledge of local problems and issues and how they might be overcome. Careful thought also needs to be given to the contribution which specialization in palliative medicine can make to the global need for appropriate care of those with advanced disease and those facing death. The fate of palliative medicine is only one of the factors that will determine how dying people are cared for both now and in the future. Indeed, from the outset, specialisation in palliative medicine has had its problems and limitations.
By the early 21st century a growing commitment to the evidence-base was emerging in palliative medicine, though several reviewers found this still a rather fragile enterprise and made claims for the particular problems faced by palliative care in assessing its practice by such means. [xxiii] [xxxiv] Two forces for expansion were however clearly visible. First was the impetus to move palliative medicine further upstream in the disease progression, thereby seeking integration with curative and rehabilitation therapies and shifting the focus beyond terminal care and the final stages of life. Second was a growing interest in extending the benefits of palliative medicine to those with diseases other than cancer, in order to make 'palliative care for all' a reality.
Today the new specialty of palliative medicine is delicately poised. For some the integration it has achieved with the wider public health system – in at least 26 countries – is a sine qua non for its success; for others it has marked the entry into a new and potentially risky phase of development in which earlier ideals and goals for care might be compromised. One thing is clear – the new specialty will have to survive among a mass of others, and that will undoubtedly require good underpinning evidence, robust research and the creation of a critical mass of academic practitioners working with policy makers, health planners and the wider public to achieve some measure of consensus on what palliative medcine is and how it relates to global healthcare needs.
[i] The following section draws on oral history interviews conducted by the author with Dr Gillian Ford (6 June 1996) and Dr Derek Doyle (28 December 1995 and 13 February 1996).
[ii] Cicely Saunders to Derek Doyle, 15 October 1985. In: Clark D. (ed) Cicely Saunders. Founder of the hospice movement. Selected letters 1959-1999. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002: 262.
[iii] Clark, D Small, N Wright, M Winslow, M Hughes, N (2005) A Bit of Heaven for the Few? An oral history of the hospice movement in the United Kingdom. Lancaster: Observatory Publications.
[iv]Twycross R.G. Choice of strong analgesic in ternminal cancer: diamorphine or morphine? Pain 1977: 3: 93-104.
[v] Murray Parkes C. and Parkes J. Hospice versus hospital care – re-evaluation after ten years as seen by surviving spouses. Postgraduate Medical Journal 1979; 60: 120-24.
[vi] Hillier R. (1988) Palliative medicine, a new specialty. British Medical Journal 297: 874–5
[vii] Overy C and Tansey E M. (eds) (2013) Palliative Medicine in the UK c1970-2010. Wellcome Witnesses to Twentieth Century Medicine, vol. 45. London: Queen Mary, University of London.
[viii] Doyle D (2005) Palliative medicine: the first 18 years of a new sub-specialty of General Medicine. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh 35: 199-205.
[ix] Saunders C. What's in a name? Palliative Medicine, 1987 ; 1(1 ): 57-61.
[x] O'Brien T. and Clark D. A national plan for palliative care – the Irish experience. In Ling J. and O'Siorain L. (eds) Palliative Care in Ireland. Maidenhead: Open University Press, 2005:3-18.
[xi] Centeno, C Noguera, A Lynch, T Clark, D (2007) Official certification of doctors working in palliative medicine in Europe: data from an EAPC study in 52 countries. Palliative Medicine 21: 683-687.
[xii] http://www.dspam.suite.dk/nordicprogram2007-09.pdf, accessed 6 November 2007.
[xiii] http://www.eapcnet.eu/Portals/0/Organization/Development%20in%20Europe%20TF/Specialisation/2014_SpecialisationPMPhysicianInEurope.pdf, accessed 10 June 2014.
[xiv] Doyle D (1997) Palliative medicine training for physicians. Journal of Neurology 24 [Suppl 4]: S26-S29.
[xv] Fordham S, Dowrick C, May C (1998) Palliative medicine: is it really specialist territory? Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 91: 568-572.
[xvi] Bruera E, Pace EA (2006) Palliative care versus palliative medicine. In Bruera E, Higginson I, Ripamonti C, von Gunten C, Textbook of palliative medicine. p64-67. Hodder Arnold, London.
[xvii] Hoy A (1999) Routinisation and medicalisation. European Journal of Palliative Care 6: 178.
[xviii] Clark D (1999) 'Total pain', disciplinary power and the body in the work of Cicely Saunders, 1958-1967. Social Science and Medicine 49: 727-736.
[xix] Kearney M (1992) Palliative medicine – just another specialty? Palliative Medicine 6: 39-46.
[xx] Kearney M. A place of healing. Working with suffering in living and dying. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.
[xxvi] Fordham, S. Dowrick, C. May, C. (1998) Palliative medicine: is it really specialist territory? Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 91: 568-572.
[xxvi] Pastrana, Tet al (2008) A matter of definition – key elements identified in a discourse analysis of definitions of palliative care. Palliative Medicine 22: 222-232.
[xxii] Stjernsward, J Clark, D (2003) Palliative medicine – a global perspective. In Doyle D, Hanks GWC, Cherny N, Calman KC eds (2003) Oxford textbook of palliative medicine Third edn pp1199-1224. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
[xxiii] Higginson I. Evidence based palliative care. British Medical Journal 1999; 319: 462-463.
[xxiv] Keeley D. Rigorous assessment of palliative care revisited. Wisdom and compassion are needed when evidence is lacking. British Medical Journal 1999; 319: 1447-1448.
Categories: Cicely Saunders, derek doyle, history of palliative medicine, palliative care, posts by david clark Tags: comparative studies
David Clark holds a Wellcome Trust Investigator Award and leads the Global Interventions at the End of Life research project. He is Professor of Medical Sociology at the University of Glasgow and founder of the Glasgow End of Life Studies Group. Follow David on Twitter @dumfriesshire	View all posts by David Clark →
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4 Responses to Palliative medicine as a specialty	 Comments (RSS)
Balaji says:
India, Saudi Arabia
davidclark says:
Thank you for this. Can you give any supporting information for these two countries?
The Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India has a 2 year sub speciality fellowship program in palliative medicine. In 2009. I am the first fellow.
The Medical council of India had also approved MD palliative medicine – speciality 3 years post graduate program in 2011-12.
There are one year sub speciality palliative care fellowship programs in Riyadh Saudi Arabia. We have at the King Fahad Medical City 2 fellows currently nearing program completion and board certification.
The King Faisal Specialist hospital and research centre has run the fellowship program for much longer.
Filbet Marilene says:
Dear David
thanks a lot for this post ! All this battle to establish PM as a psecialty is ongoing in FRANCE.We are a sud peciality and trying to become a ful specialty.But all the arguments for or against described in your post are used here…and that will be helpfull for the futur
All my best
Marilène


What's all this about not diving and flying within a 24-hour period, and how might this affect me?
Quite simply it's all down to pressure differences. It's an accepted basic safety rule throughout the diving community that you don't fly within 24 hours of your last dive. For this reason, we always give you a free day after you've completed your diving when you opt for the tour package. If you're joining us 'on the ground' then you should follow this guideline.
Will I lose out if I decide not to book my extra dives now?
No, you can nearly always purchase your extra dives after you've completed your course/package. However, we do always aim to purchase the dives at competitive prices and you could consider the 'peace of mind' value attached to booking in advance.
I'm not sure if I need to book a refresher dive or not?
If you are at all uncertain then we strongly recommend that you pre-book a refresher dive. Most dive centres will insist that you do a refresher if you cannot prove that you have dived within the last six months. Even if you can prove this but the dive centre is unsure about your skills, they may insist that you take a refresher dive anyway.
Can I bring my own equipment with me?
The Open Water and Advanced dive courses, as well as all extra dives, include use of school equipment necessary for completion of the course. If you have your own equipment and don't mind carrying it, it does make a lot of sense to bring it as you will be more familiar with it, and you've paid for it, after all.
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In general there appears to be a maximum limit of 20kgs per person, including your diving equipment, plus one piece of hand luggage. However, airlines do vary their restrictions in order to attract custom. You are well advised to shop around for the best deal.
I'm a bit worried about booking on a diving course and finding that the instructor doesn't speak my language.
Most Instructors and Divemasters speak more than one language, and all those we use speak English. In fact many are so multi-lingual that they can teach in three languages at the same time. So, don't worry about the language barrier, it's never been a problem.
What happens if I book my diving holiday and we have really bad weather?
That's one of the really good things about diving in . We very rarely experience weather so bad it stops us diving. In the eventuality that local weather conditions were bad, we would do our very best to help you attain your goal. However, unfortunately we are not able to refund you for any missed dives due to bad weather.
I'm an experienced diver and want to book some diving, what else can you offer? If you are already an experienced diver, why not extend your qualifications further, or book our 10-dive package. Our all-inclusive deal covers all your diving (including equipment) and offers options to visit other places to give you the chance to see a little of what else has to offer above ground as well as beneath the waves.
Why is there a limit of 3 extra dives on your dive courses?
On all our diving tours, we include an extra day to allow you to relax or do some extra dives. As we can only offer so many different options on our website, we have used two dives as a comfortable number to pre-book for this day. You can arrange more dives with the dive centre while you are there if you wish, or contact us in advance to tailor-make your tour.
I'm a bit concerned that I might book a course then struggle to get a flight to Thailand. What is the availability of flights to Thailand?
In recent years, Thailand has become an extremely popular destination for tourists. Scuba diving has contributed to these numbers and flights have increased accordingly. From Europe you can fly to Bangkok any day of the week. If you don't want to visit Bangkok, then Singapore Airlines offer flights via Singapore. Charter flights are also available to Phuket on a weekly basis.
If I'm already in Thailand or am making my own way over there, can I book onto one of your courses or dive packages without the tour?
Many people travel to Thailand on their own or as part of a group and include some diving during their stay. We also offer courses and diving options on our Jungles & Beaches tour and Siam Treasures tour. If you aren't doing one of our non-diving tours, but want to book a course or some dives with us, we can certainly arrange this. Please contact us for details.


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Want More Customers? Ask For Them!
In light of the fact that we told we are all going to have to "tighten our belts" we felt it was appropriate to include this short article that may be helpful for any of you that are business owners out there.
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text:
Jake Joseph Paul ()  este un actor american, boxer profesionist și o personalitate pe internet care a devenit faimos prin intermediul aplicației Vine.  Paul a îeșit în evidență pentru rolul sau "Dirk" din seria Disney Channel intitulată Bizaardvark. El a devenit de atunci un subiect de controversă datorită comportamentului său necontrolat și neadecvat.

Biografie
Paul s-a născut în Cleveland,  . Acesta a crescut în Westlake, Ohio. Este fiul lui Pamela Ann Stepnick ( née Meredith) și agentului imobiliar Gregory Allan Paul.  Fratele său mai mare, Logan Paul, susține că Jake este de origine engleză, germano-evreiască, irlandeză, scoțiană și galeză .

Carieră
Paul și-a început cariera în septembrie 2013, încărcând videoclipuri pe platforma Vine. La momentul închiderii Vine, Jake Paul a avut 5,3 milioane de urmăritori și 2 miliarde de vizualizări pe platformă.

În 2015, a fost anunțat că Paul va juca în rolul lui Dirk în noua serie de pe Disney Channel intitulată Bizaardvark .

Pe 5 ianuarie 2017, Paul a fost printre invitații unui eveniment desfășurat la Casa Albă care se axa pe tema rețelelor sociale. Ca o cascadorie pentru canalul său de vlog de pe YouTube, acesta s-a ascuns într-o baie, înainte de a părasi Casa Albă la ora 3:30, fără a fi confruntat de securitate.

La 17 ianuarie 2017, Paul a lansat "Team 10", având o finanțare de 1 milion de dolari pentru a crea un management de marketing al influencerilor.  Investitorii includ Danhua Capital, Horizons Alpha, Vayner Capital, Sound Ventures & A-Grade Investments și Adam Zeplain.

La 30 mai 2017, Paul a lansat un videoclip muzical  alături de Team 10, intitulat "It's Everyday Bro", care a atins peste 70 de milioane de vizualizări pe YouTube în prima lună și a devenit al treilea videoclip cel mai neapreciat videoclip de pe YouTube. Cântecul a atins poziția 91 la Billboard Hot 100 pe graficul din 24 iunie 2017.

Viata personala
Paul a avut o relație cu Alissa Violet din vara anului 2015 până în februarie 2017.  A fost împreună cu Erika Costell din aprilie 2018 până în noiembrie 2018.  În prezent este intr-o relație cu Tana Mongeau din aprilie 2019.

Rezultate în box

Filmografie

Discografie

Jucări îndelungate

 Litmus  (2017)

Single-uri

Bibliografie

 Paul, Jake. Trebuie să-l dorești ,

Premii

Note

Legături externe

Vloggeri
Oameni în viață
Muzicieni americani
Nașteri în 1997


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The Scopes monkey trial, 85 years later
Jul 28, 2010 | Comprensión pública, Comunicación científica
The man in the picture is John Thomas Scopes. He was a teacher in Dayton (Tennessee, USA) who in 1925 was brought to court for teaching Darwin's theory of evolution. At that time, teaching evolution in Tennessee meant a violation of the Butler Act, a law prohibiting it in that State. The charge led to the trial formally known as The State of Tennessee vs. Scopes (popularly, the Scopes monkey trial), a milestone in the struggle of creationism followers to recognize their «religion» as a scientific truth. It attracted the media attention (read, for example, a chronicle of 1925) and inspired the play Inherit the wind (read the review of its release), and various film and television versions. In fact, 85 years later, the trial is still a current issue and some media talk about it.


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text:
Back to Corporate Site
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Unit Quote
Environmental, Social
and Corporate Governance
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Global Partners LP Reports Financial Results for Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2005
Download PDF Format (opens in new window)
Feb 28, 2006 /PRNewswire-FirstCall via COMTEX News Network/ -- Global Partners LP (NYSE: GLP), one of New England's largest wholesale distributors of distillates, gasoline, and residual oil and bunker fuel to wholesalers, retailers and commercial customers, today announced financial results for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2005.
Financial Results for the Three Months Ended December 31, 2005 and 2004
Net income for the three months ended December 31, 2005 was $9.8 million, or $0.85 per limited partner unit. Net income for the same period in 2004 was $6.8 million.
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA") for the three months ended December 31, 2005 were $14.5 million, compared with $9.7 million for the same period in 2004. The financial tables following this release include a reconciliation of net income to EBITDA and cash flows for operating activities to EBITDA for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2005 and 2004. EBITDA is a non-Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("non-GAAP") measure explained in greater detail below under "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures."
The Partnership's distributable cash flow for the fourth quarter of 2005 was $9.6 million. The financial tables following this release include a reconciliation of net income to distributable cash flow from October 4, 2005 through December 31, 2005. Distributable cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure that is explained in greater detail below under "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures."
As a result of an increase in commodity prices, sales for the three months ended December 31, 2005 increased approximately 27% to $1.3 billion from $1.0 billion in the same period of 2004. Sales in the Wholesale segment increased 24% to $1.1 billion from $914 million in the fourth quarter of 2004. Sales in the Commercial segment increased 51% to $139.3 million from $92.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2004.
For the three months ended December 31, 2005, Global Partners reported combined gross profit of $29.9 million, a 22% increase from $24.6 million in the comparable period of 2004.
"Higher commodity prices drove year-over-year sales increases in both segments of our business," said Eric Slifka, president and chief executive officer, "while our continued focus on higher margin products resulted in robust gains in gross profit."
In January 2006, the Board of Directors of the general partner of Global Partners increased the Partnership's cash distribution for the quarter ended December 31, 2005 by 3% to $0.425 per unit. The distribution, which was paid on February 14, 2006, was prorated from the closing of Global Partners' initial public offering on October 4, 2005.
"During the fourth quarter, we strengthened our financial position by signing an agreement with a nine-bank syndicate, led by Bank of America, to expand our revolving credit facility to $500 million," said Slifka. "In addition, we signed an agreement to acquire a 109,000-barrel refined petroleum products terminal in Bridgeport, Connecticut that will enhance our market share in southern New England. We expect this transaction to close in the second quarter of 2006. Looking ahead, we will continue to pursue strategic and accretive acquisitions, both within and outside of our core geographic markets."
Financial Results for the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2005 and 2004
Net income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005 was $18.1 million, or $1.57 per limited partner unit. Net income for the same period in 2004 was $17.3 million.
EBITDA for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005 was $32.9 million, compared with $25.2 million for the same period in 2004. The financial tables following this release include a reconciliation of net income to EBITDA and cash flows for operating activities to EBITDA for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2005 and 2004.
Due to increased commodity prices, sales for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005 increased 27% to $4.0 billion from $3.2 billion for the comparable period in 2004. In the Wholesale segment, sales totaled $3.6 billion in 2005, up 26% from $2.9 billion recorded in 2004. Sales in the Commercial segment grew 30% to $423.0 million in 2005 from $324.4 million in 2004.
For the twelve months ended December 31, 2005, the Partnership's combined gross profit increased 21% to $91.7 million from $75.9 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2004.
Financial Results Conference Call
Management will review Global Partners' fourth-quarter and full-year 2005 financial results in a teleconference call for analysts and investors at 10:00 a.m. ET today.
Dial-in numbers: (888) 349-5690 (U.S. and Canada)
(706) 643-3945 (International)
One-week Replay: (800) 642-1687 (U.S. and Canada)
Conference ID: 4378895 (Required for live call and replay)
The call also will be audio webcast live and archived on the Global Partners' website, http://www.globalp.com.
Global Partners uses EBITDA as a supplemental financial measure to assess: its compliance with certain financial covenants included in its debt agreements; financial performance without regard to financing methods, capital structure, income taxes or historical cost basis; ability to generate cash sufficient to pay interest on its indebtedness and to make distributions to its partners; its operating performance and return on invested capital as compared to those of other companies in the wholesale marketing and distribution of refined petroleum products business, without regard to financing methods and capital structure; and the viability of acquisitions and capital expenditure projects and the overall rates of return of alternative investment opportunities. EBITDA is not calculated or presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. EBITDA should not be considered an alternative to net income, operating income, cash flows for operating activities or any other measure of financial performance or liquidity presented in accordance with GAAP. EBITDA excludes some, but not all, items that affect net income and operating income, and these measures may vary among other companies. Therefore, EBITDA as presented below may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies.
Distributable cash flow also is an important non-GAAP financial measure for limited partners of Global Partners since it serves as an indicator of the Partnership's success in providing a cash return on their investment. Specifically, this financial measure indicates to investors whether or not Global Partners is generating cash flows at a level that can sustain or support an increase in its quarterly cash distribution. Distributable cash flow is also a quantitative standard used by the investment community with respect to publicly traded partnerships. Distributable cash flow should not be considered as an alternative to net income or any other indicator of the Partnership's performance required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. In addition, the distributable cash flow of Global Partners may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies.
GLOBAL PARTNERS LP
TABLE 1: RECONCILIATION OF NET INCOME TO EBITDA
Three Months Ended       Twelve Months Ended
December 31,              December 31,
2005         2004        2005         2004
Net income               $9,752,061  $6,758,003  $18,101,278  $17,309,259
Depreciation and
amortization          978,878   1,029,927    3,874,827    3,232,284
Interest expense     2,791,597   1,891,606    9,960,239    4,700,240
Income tax expense     986,287           -      986,287            -
EBITDA                  $14,508,823  $9,679,536  $32,922,631  $25,241,783
TABLE 2: RECONCILIATION OF CASH FLOWS FOR OPERATING ACTIVITIES TO
Three Months Ended         Twelve Months Ended
December 31,                December 31,
2005          2004          2005          2004
Cash flows for
activities        ($27,000,162) ($20,387,976) ($29,376,319) ($81,952,544)
in operating
assets and
liabilities    38,717,388    28,175,906    52,338,711   102,494,087
expense         2,791,597     1,891,606     9,960,239     4,700,240
EBITDA              $14,508,823    $9,679,536   $32,922,631   $25,241,783
TABLE 3: RECONCILIATION OF NET INCOME TO DISTRIBUTABLE CASH FLOW
Three      Adjusted
Three Months   Months   Three Months
Ended       Ended       Ended
December 31, December 31, December 31,
2005       2005 (1)     2005
Net income                             $9,752,061   $344,253   $9,407,808
Depreciation and amortization        978,878     38,677      940,201
Maintenance capital expenditures     747,430          -      747,430
Distributable Cash Flow                $9,983,509   $382,930   $9,600,579
(1) Represents the activity of Global Partners LP's predecessor companies
from October 1st through October 3rd, 2005.  Global Partners LP
completed its initial public offering on October 4, 2005.
About Global Partners LP
Global Partners, a master limited partnership based in Waltham, Massachusetts, is one of the largest wholesale distributors of distillates (such as home heating oil, diesel and kerosene), gasoline, and residual oil and bunker fuel to wholesalers, retailers and commercial customers in New England. Global Partners, which completed its initial public offering in October 2005, was formed by affiliates of the Slifka family. Global Partners trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol "GLP." For additional information, please visit http://www.globalp.com.
This news release may contain certain "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the federal securities laws. These forward-looking statements are identified as any statements that do not relate strictly to historical or current facts and can generally be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology including "may," "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "continue" or other similar words. Such statements may discuss future expectations for or contain projections of results of operations, financial condition or our ability to make distributions to unit holders or state other "forward-looking" information. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance. Although the Partnership believes these forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, statements made regarding future results are subject to a number of assumptions, uncertainties and risks, many of which are beyond our control, which may cause future results to be materially different from the results stated or implied in this document. Additional information about risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements is contained in Global Partners' filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including its prospectus as filed on September 29, 2005 pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act of 1933. All forward-looking statements included in this news release and all subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. The forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made, other than as required by law, and Global Partners undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Thomas A. McManmon Jr.          Edward J. Faneuil
Executive Vice President and    Executive Vice President,
Chief Financial Officer         General Counsel and Secretary
Global Partners LP              Global Partners LP
(781) 894-8800                  (781) 894-8800
The financial statements and financial information presented below
reflect the operations of Global Partners LP
COMBINED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31,      December 31,
Total current assets                      $519,339,771      $345,525,073
Property and equipment, net                 21,975,029        22,630,437
Intangible assets, net                      10,602,603        12,225,407
Other assets                                 2,838,385        12,580,601
Total assets                              $554,755,788      $392,961,518
Liabilities and partners' equity
Total current liabilities (excluding
revolving line of credit)                $290,612,995      $177,405,166
Revolving line of credit (current)                   -       139,900,000
Revolving line of credit (long term)       181,600,000                 -
Other long-term liabilities                  6,234,294        52,493,943
Partners' Equity
Predecessor Partners' equity                                  23,162,409
Held by public
Common unitholders (5,635,000 units
issued and outstanding at December
31, 2005)                                 115,891,523
Held by general partner & affiliates
Common units (7,424 units issued and
outstanding at December 31, 2005)             (49,975)
Subordinated unitholders (5,642,424
units issued and outstanding at
December 31, 2005)                        (37,982,734)
General partner interest (2% interest
with 230,303 equivalent units
outstanding at December 31, 2005)          (1,550,315)
Total Partners' Equity                      76,308,499        23,162,409
Total liabilities and partners' equity    $554,755,788      $392,961,518
COMBINED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Three Months Ended  Three Months Ended
December 31,       December 31,
Sales                                   $1,275,728,471    $1,006,064,274
Cost of sales                            1,245,840,984       981,502,421
Gross profit                                29,887,487        24,561,853
Selling, general and
administrative expenses                 10,870,931        10,169,256
Operating expenses                           5,080,910         5,337,287
Amortization expenses                          405,701           405,701
Operating income                            13,529,945         8,649,609
Interest expense                             2,791,597         1,891,606
Other expense                                        -                 -
Income before income tax expense           $10,738,348        $6,758,003
Income tax expense                             986,287                 0
Net income                                  $9,752,061        $6,758,003
Twelve Months Ended  Twelve Months Ended
Sales                                    $4,045,857,606   $3,187,568,928
Cost of sales                             3,954,140,647    3,111,696,974
Gross profit                                 91,716,959       75,871,954
administrative expenses                  40,297,704       33,429,589
Operating expenses                           19,698,678       19,608,132
Amortization expenses                         1,622,804          824,734
Operating income                             30,097,773       22,009,499
Interest expense                              9,960,239        4,700,240
Other expense                                 1,049,969                -
Income before income tax expense            $19,087,565      $17,309,259
Income tax expense                              986,287                -
Net income                              $18,101,278      $17,309,259
SOURCE Global Partners LP
Thomas A. McManmon Jr., Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, +1-781-894-8800, or Edward J. Faneuil, Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, +1-781-894-8800, both of Global Partners LP
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Sharon Merrill Associates, Inc.
33 Arch Street, 15th Floor
GLP@investorrelations.com
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With an extensive network of terminals, gas stations and retail stations, Global Partners helps people heat their homes, operate their businesses and get where they're going conveniently and quickly. Centered in the Northeast, the company is a third-generation, family-founded business with operations throughout the U.S.
Retail Stations
Wholesale & Commercial
GlobalCONNECT Portal
Global Companies LLC, Global Montello Group Corp., Global Energy Marketing LLC and Alliance Energy LLC are subsidiaries of Global Partners LP 800 South Street, Suite 500, P.O. Box 9161, Waltham, MA 02454-9161 | 781-894-8800 © Global Partners LP, All rights reserved.


Fast bowlers with variations and six-hitters have always attracted attention in T20 cricket. ESPNcricinfo lists out five such CPL 2018 performers who could be in the lens of various other T20 leagues.
He was nicknamed 'The yorker machine' by his USA team-mates for his ability to consistently hit the blockhole at speeds north of 140kph. Then, in the Global T20 Canada, he impressed Winnipeg Hawks captain Dwayne Bravo, who also captains Trinbago Knight Riders in the CPL, so much so that he was signed as a replacement player by TKR.
In his first game of the season against St Lucia Stars, he harried Andre Fletcher with pace and bounce before tricking the opener with a knuckle ball. In the next match against Jamaica Tallawahs, Ali Khan bagged three wickets in seven balls but dropped Andre Russell first ball and watched the Tallawahs captain batter an unbeaten 121 in a remarkable chase.
Ali Khan buried the disappointment of the drop in the next game against St Kitts & Nevis Patriots, and snaffled another three-wicket haul. He continued to be a dominant force for TKR with the ball, finishing as the fourth-highest wicket-taker with 16 scalps in 12 games at an economy rate of 7.80.
When the CPL was hurtling to the knockouts, Ali Khan was picked up by the Kabul franchise in the Afghanistan Premier League. Is he on the BBL, PSL and IPL radars as well?
The 21-year-old, who had clocked speeds close to 150kph in CPL 2017, set the speed gun on fire this season too. Did you watch his searing yorker to Shai Hope - the ball of CPL 2018? He angled a yorker into the toes of the batsman, then found late outswing to storm through his defences and floor the middle stump.
Thomas was consistent as well, taking at least one wicket in each of the 10 games he played. His tally of 18 wickets included big names such as Martin Guptill, David Warner, Evin Lewis (thrice) and Dwayne Bravo among others. According to CricViz, Thomas had a strike rate of 14.50 in the Powerplay - the third best after Mohammad Irfan and Ali Khan.
Another out-and-out quick, who took the Global T20 Canada route to CPL 2018. After claiming 11 wickets - the most by a West Indies B bowler in their run to the final - McCoy played only seven matches for St Lucia Stars, but still ended as their joint-highest wicket-taker with nine wickets at an economy rate of 7.80. His left-arm variety and slower cutters stood out even as the rest of the Stars faded away.
Hetmyer is only 21 but he has already built an impressive CV: he has played two Under-19 World Cups - leading West Indies to glory in 2016, he has featured in 20 internationals for West Indies, and last month he became CPL's youngest centurion when he walloped a hundred off 47 balls against Jamaica Tallawahs; one of the better bowling attacks in the tournament.
For Amazon Warriors to give themselves a second shot at making the final, they needed to chase down 155 in 15.3 overs against TKR at Providence, and they did it in 14.1 overs thanks to Hetmyer's fireworks. He then put his side in the final with a more sedate 39 in the Qualifier 1, but his form cooled off against TKR in the title bout.
In a display of outrageous six-hitting, he smoked an unbeaten 45 in 13 balls: 6 6 6 1 0 1 1 6 6 2 6 1 4, against TKR in partnership with Hetmyer during that 155 chase. Dwayne Bravo bore the brunt of the assault, going for 25 runs in six balls. The shot of CPL 2018, however, came when Rutherford launched his third six. When left-arm spinner Nikita Miller pushed one through wide outside off, Rutherford reversed his hands so very quickly and swatted the ball into the second tier over backward square leg.
Rutherford had also showed off his big hitting during his 134 not out off 66 balls, including 11 fours and 10 sixes, in the Global T20 Canada Qualifier 1 against a Vancouver Kings attack comprising Tim Southee, Sheldon Cottrell, Andre Russell and Fawad Ahmed, who turned out to be the top wicket-taker in CPL 2018. Given his ability to hit sixes on demand, Rutherford looks set to barge into other T20 leagues.