WASHINGTON — In a break with the trade policies of his predecessor, President Obama announced on Friday night that he would impose a 35 percent tariff on automobile and light-truck tires imported from China.
But China is certain to be antagonized by the decision, made less than two weeks before Mr. Obama will come face to face with Chinese leaders at a summit meeting in Pittsburgh for the Group of 20 industrialized and fast-growing emerging nations.
The decision signals the first time that the United States has invoked a special safeguard provision that was part of its agreement to support China's entry into the World Trade Organization in 2001.
Under that safeguard provision, American companies or workers harmed by imports from China can ask the government for protection simply by demonstrating that American producers have suffered a "market disruption" or a "surge" in imports from China.
Unlike more traditional anti-dumping cases, the government does not need to determine that a country is competing unfairly or selling its products at less than their true cost.
The International Trade Commission had already determined that Chinese tire imports were disrupting the $1.7 billion market and recommended that the president impose the new tariffs. Members of the commission, an independent government agency, voted 4-2 on June 29 to recommend that President Obama impose tariffs on Chinese tires for three years. Mr. Obama had until this coming Thursday to make a decision.
American imports of Chinese tires tripled between 2004 and 2008, and China's share of the American market grew to 16.7 percent, from 4.7 percent, according to the United States Trade Representative. Four American tire factories closed in 2006 and 2007, and several more are set to close this year.
The Tire Industry Association has opposed the tariffs, arguing that they will not preserve American jobs but will instead cause manufacturers to relocate plants to other countries where they can produce tires cheaply.
President George W. Bush received four similar recommendations from the trade commission, the most recent one involving steel pipe in December 2005, but he rejected all of those recommendations. Under the law, the president is allowed to accept or reject the commission's recommendations.
"The president decided to remedy the clear disruption to the U.S. tire industry based on the facts and the law in this case," the president's spokesman, Robert Gibbs, said in a statement Friday night.
Mr. Gibbs said the United States, which already imposes a 4 percent tariff on Chinese tires, would impose an additional tariff of 35 percent for one year. The tariff will be reduced to 30 percent in the second year and 25 percent in the third year. The tariff is to take effect on Sept. 26.
The trade commission proposed higher tariffs than the president actually imposed, recommending an initial levy of 55 percent.
Senator Sherrod Brown, an Ohio Democrat who had pressed for the tariffs, also praised the decision.


text:
Национальная армия Бирмы (, , ) — национальные вооружённые формирования в Бирме, существовавшие в 1942—1945 годах. Армия была создана японскими властями в 1941 году под названием Армия независимости Бирмы. До 27 марта 1945 года сражалась на стороне Японии против Британии, затем объявила войну Японии.

Предыстория
В 1941 году между главой японской резидентуры в Бирме, полковником Кэйдзи Судзуки, и бирманским левым активистом, одним из лидеров бирманской партии «» и Коммунистической партии Бирмы Аун Саном (от имени будущего правительства Бирмы) было подписано соглашение о создании Народно-революционной партии (НРП) и Армии независимости Бирмы (АНБ), которая должна была иметь японское командование. В июне 1941 года армия должна была организовать вторжение в страну, в то же время НРП должна была организовать восстание. После этого японцы должны были признать независимость Бирмы и поддержать восстание, что послужило бы предлогом для вторжения японской армии.

Создание армии

Для создания армии была оттобрана группа из «30 товарищей» (из организации такинов), которая была послана на Тайвань для прохождения военной подготовки. Подготовка была закончена в октябре 1941 года, а 27 декабря 1941 в Бангкоке была официально создана Армия независимости Бирмы.

Главнокомандующим был назначен полковник (получивший звание генерала бирманской армии) Судзуки, главой тавойской группы войск — капитан (генерал-лейтенант) Тавасима, начальником штаба — капитан (генерал-майор) Нода, начальник медицинского управления — Цукаса Судзуки. Аун Сан получил звание генерал-майора и был назначен «старшим штабным командиром», без чёткого определения должности. Только 7 бирманцев получили офицерские звания. Одним из них был подполковник Бо Не Вин, председатель Революционного совета Бирмы с 1962 по 1974 год.

Изначально в АНБ было 227 бирманцев и 74 японца (командный состав). Было создано несколько подразделений (разведывательных, диверсионных, фуражирских) для участия в японском вторжении в Бирму.

Боевые действие против Великобритании

Когда японские войска вторглись в Бирму, многие бирманцы стали вступать в АНБ. К моменту взятия японцами Рангуна 8 марта 1942 года Армия независимости Бирмы насчитывала около 23 тысяч бойцов.

1 августа 1943 года Япония даровала формальную независимость Бирме, но фактически страна оставалась оккупированной крупными силами японской императорской армии. Аун Сан стал министром обороны и командующим Национальной Армии Бирмы (переименованной АНБ). Эта армия состояла из 8 пехотных батальонов, 2 батальонов ПВО, 2 инженерных батальонов, и нескольких вспомогательных подразделений.

В первое время после вторжения Японии АНБ взяла под свой контроль около 80 % населённых пунктов страны.

Летом 1942 года Армия независимости Бирмы была распущена, одновременно с чем была образована Национальная армия Бирмы.

Боевые действие против Японии

Роспуск
Летом 1945 года Национальная армия Бирмы была переименована главнокомандующим союзных войск в Юго-восточной Азии Маунтбеттеном в Патриотические бирманские силы, частично включённые в образованную регулярную бирманскую армию.

См. также
 Вооружённые силы Мьянмы

Примечания

Литература

История Мьянмы

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Hit2Gap Ontology-Building Infrastructure: Overview  back to ToC

This ontology has the following classes and properties.

Classes

      _Feature

      _Geometry

         a h u cooling method

         a h u delivery mode

         a h u duct

         a h u heating method

         a h u volume control

      AcDcConverter

      Administration

      AgriculturalBuilding

      Air

         air exchanger

         air heat pump

      AirHandlingUnit

      Airport

         amplifier

         antenna

      Apartment

      Arid

      AutomobileRepair

      Balcony

      Barn

      BarRestaurant

      BaseSlab

      Bathroom

      BiomassBranch

         boiler

      Branch

      BranchController

      BranchSwitch

         bridge

      BuildingAppliance

      Bungalow

      BusStation

      Cafeteria

         camera

      Canteen

      Cellar

         central light

      ChilledBeams

         chiller model

      CHPBranch

      CIMRectifierInverter

      Cinema

      CirculationArea

      Climate

      CoalBranch

         coffee machine

      CommercialBuilding

         computer

      ConductingEquipment

      ConferenceRoom

      Continental

      ConventionCenter

      Converter

         cooker

         cooling coil

      DataCenter

      DateTimeInterval

      DERBranch

      Desk

         desk light

      DieselGenerator

         dishwasher

         display/screen

      DrugStore

         dx cooling coil

      EducationalBuilding

      ELBranch

         electric heating coil

      ElectricHeater

      Electricity

      Envelope

      ESBranch

         exhaust air heat pump

         f s electric heater

         f s fan

         f s water cooler

         f s water heater

      Factory

      FanCoilUnit

      Farmhouse

         fax

      FeatureOfInterest

      Floor

      FloorSlab

         freezer

         fridge

      FuelCellBranch

         Gas

         gas heating coil

      GasBranch

         gateway

      GeoThermalBranch

      Greenhouse

      Ground

         ground heat pump

      Gym

         hand dryer

      Heat

         heat recovery ventilator

         heating coil

      HeatPump

      Hemisphere

      Hospital

      Hotel

      House

         hub

         hybrid

      HydroPowerBranch

         ifc flow moving device

      IfcActuator

      IfcActuatorType

      IfcAirToAirHeatRecover

      IfcAirToAirHeatRecoverType

      IfcAlarm

      IfcAlarmType

      IfcAudioVisualAppliance

      IfcBeam

      IfcBoiler

      IfcBoilerType

      IfcBuilding

      IfcBuildingElement

      IfcBuildingStorey

      IfcBurner

      IfcChiller

      IfcChillerType

      IfcChimmey

      IfcCoil

      IfcCoilType

      IfcColumn

      IfcCommunicationAppliance

      IfcCompressor

      IfcCompressorType

      IfcCondenser

      IfcCondenserType

      IfcCoolingTower

      IfcCoolingTowerType

      IfcCovering

      IfcCurtainWall

      IfcDamper

      IfcDamperType

      IfcDistributionCircuit

      IfcDistributionControlElement

      IfcDistributionElement

      IfcDistributionFlowElement

      IfcDistributionSystem

      IfcDoor

      IfcElectricAppliance

      IfcElectricApplianceType

      IfcElectricFlowStorageDevice

      IfcElectricFlowStorageDeviceType

      IfcElectricGenerator

      IfcElectricGeneratorType

      IfcElectricMotor

      IfcElectricMotorType

      IfcElement

      IfcElementComponent

      IfcEnergyConversionDevice

      IfcEngine

      IfcEvaporativeCooler

      IfcEvaporativeCoolerType

      IfcEvaporator

      IfcEvaporatorType

      IfcFan

      IfcFanType

      IfcFireSuppressionTerminal

      IfcFireSuppressionTerminalType

      IfcFlowController

      IfcFlowStorageDevice

      IfcFlowTerminal

      IfcFlowTreatmentDevice

      IfcFooting

      IfcGloballyUniqueId

      IfcHeatExchanger

      IfcHeatExchangerType

      IfcHumidifier

      IfcHumidifierType

      IfcInterceptor

      IfcLamp

      IfcLampType

      IfcMember

      IfcOutlet

      IfcOutletType

      IfcPile

      IfcPlate

      IfcPump

      IfcPumpType

      IfcRailing

      IfcRamp

      IfcRampFlight

      IfcRoof

      IfcRoot

      IfcSanitaryTerminal

      IfcSanitaryTerminalType

      IfcSensor

      IfcSensorType

      IfcShadingDevice

      IfcSite

      IfcSlab

      IfcSolarDevice

      IfcSpace

      IfcSpaceHeater

      IfcSpaceHeaterType

      IfcSpatialElement

      IfcSpatialStructureElement

      IfcSpatialZone

      IfcStackTerminal

      IfcStackTerminalType

      IfcStair

      IfcStairFlight

      IfcTank

      IfcTankType

      IfcTransformer

      IfcTransformerType

      IfcUnitaryControlElement

      IfcUnitaryControlElementType

      IfcValve

      IfcValveType

      IfcVibrationIsolator

      IfcVibrationIsolatorType

      IfcWall

      IfcWasteTerminal

      IfcWasteTerminalType

      IfcWindow

      IfcZone

      IndustrialBuilding

      InfraBranch

      Instant

      Inverter

      Kitchen

         kitchen device

      Laboratory

      LampType

      Library

      Light

      LinearRing

      LineString

      LogisticPlatform

      MallSupermarket

      MeetingRoom

      Meter

      MetroStation

      MicroCHPBranch

      Microgrid

         microphone

      MicroturbinesBranch

         microwave

      MobileBuildingAppliance

      MobileBuildingApplianceLocationObservation

         modem

      Monitoring

      MonophasicInverter

      MuseumGallery

         network appliance

      NighClubConcertHall

      NonRenewableDERBranch

      NuclearBranch

      Nursery

      Object

      Observation

      Occupation

      Office

      OfficeBuilding

      Oil

      OilBranch

      OpenSpace

      Orientation

      Parking

      Pharmacy

         phenomenon property

         photocopier

      PhotovoltaicBranch

      PhysicalMedium

         player

      Point

      Polar

      Polygon

      PowerPlant

      PrimarySchool

         printer

         projector

      PublicBuilding

         receiver

      ReciprocatingBranch

         refrigerator

      RegulatingCondEq

      ReligiousBuilding

      RenewableDERBranch

         repeater

      ResidentialBuilding

      RestRoom

      Result

      Roof

      Room

         router

         scanner

      SecondarySchool

      Sensor

      Shop

      Silo

      SmallWindPowerBranch

      SmallWindTurbine

         smart phone

         smart watch

         smartphone station

         solar electric

         solar heat pump

         solar thermal

      SolarCell

      SolarHybridBranch

      SolarPowerBranch

      StaticBuildingAppliance

         Steam

         steam heating coil

      SteamPlant

      StirlingBranch

      Stockroom

      Subterranean

      SwimmingCenter

         switcher

      System

      TechnicalArea

         telephone

      Temperate

      Toilets

      TrainStation

      TransportBuilding

      TriphasicInverter

      Tropical

         tumble dryer

         tuner

      University

         vending machine

      Warehouse

         washing machine

      Water

         water cooling coil

         water heating coil

         water source heat pump

      WaterPlant

      Wearable

      WetArea

      WindHybridBranch

Object Properties

         connects

         contains

      description_IfcRoot

      for property

      globalId_IfcRoot

         has a

         has branch

         has feature of interest

         has observation result time

         has property

         has result

         has sub system

         has unit

         has window covering

         has window glazing

         is composed of

         is observed by

      isContainedIn

         located in hemisphere

      made by sensor

         made observation

      name_IfcRoot

         observed property

         observes

         parent site

      refElevation_IfcSite

      refLatitude_IfcSite

      refLongitude_IfcSite

         where

Data Properties

         accuracy

      associatedQuantity

      externalID

      floorLevel

         frequency

         has observation method

         has window type

         in x s d date time

         is inside

         is static

         latency

         max value

         min value

         precision

      Property Value

         sensitivity

      Window Wall Ratio

Named Individuals

         blind

         central light

         chilled beam mode

         chilled water cool

         cold desert

         cold semi arid

         constant

         cool summer mediterranean

         curtain

         desk light

         direct zone

         double glazing

         dry summer subartic

         dual

         dx cool

         east

         electrical

         extremely cold dry summer subartic

         extremely cold subartic

         frost cold tundra

         Gas

         hot desert

         hot dry summer continental

         hot semi arid

         hot summer humid continental

         hot summer mediterranean

         hot water

         humid subtropical

         ice cap

         mild desert

         mild semi arid

         mild tundra

         monsoon influenced extremely cold subartic

         monsoon influenced hot summer humid continental

         monsoon influenced humidsubtropical

         monsoon influenced subartic

         monsoon influenced warm summer humid continental

         multi zone

         north

         north east

         north west

      Northern

         northern

         outdoor light

         s o l a r c o l l e c t o r

         s o l a r e l e c t r i c

         s o l a r p a n e l

         s o l a r t h e r m a l

         shade

         shutter

         simple glazing

         single

         smartphone

         smartwatch

         south

         south east

         south west

      Southern

         southern

         Steam

         subartic

         subpolar oceanic

         subpolar oceanic with dry winters

         temperate oceanic

         temperate oceanic with dry winters

         triple

         triple glazing

         tropical monsoon

         tropical rainforest

         tropical savanna

         variable

         vav zone

         warm dry summer continental

         warm summer humid continental

         warm summer mediterranean

         west

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
The Middle Spinoff Starring Eden Sher Receives Pilot Production Commitment from ABC *Updated*
Posted by Nirat Anop at August 14, 2018 0 Comments
In Development Pilot Shows The Middle
Pilot Production Commitment at ABC
Deadline is confirming that ABC has given a pilot production commitment to The Middle Spinoff starring Eden Sher.
Written by Heisler and Heline, the half-hour single-camera comedy follows the twentysomething adventures of eternal optimist Sue Heck (Sher) as she leaves the small town of Orson to navigate the ups and downs of a career and young adulthood in the big city of Chicago.
Pilot Ordered
Thanks to KaCee for the heads up.
Update: Per TVLine's SDCC exclusive, Eden Sher, has revealed that ABC has ordered a pilot for her potential spinoff series.
"We are shooting a pilot. I hope it gets picked up. I think it's going to be great."
Source: TVLine
ABC's greatest comedy is getting a spinoff, yes The Middle and it'll be starring the talented Eden Sher per The Hollywood Reporter. This is all early news but it's still great news nonetheless because so many of us wanted this.
Fresh off The Middle's nine-season run and May 22 series finale, the Disney-owned broadcast network is near a deal for a spinoff revolving around Eden Sher's Sue Heck. The network is said to be considering a pilot order for the comedy, which like the flagship, the hails from Warner Bros. Television and The Middle creators DeAnn Heline and Eileen Heisler and their studio-based Black and Blondie Productions banner. ABC and Warner Bros. TV declined to comment as deals for the series are not done. A logline was not immediately available. Also still to be determined is if the spinoff will be a single-camera comedy (like the flagship) or a multi-cam, with the latter format becoming all the rage on broadcast following Roseanne's ratings success.
Read More on The Hollywood Reporter
Deadline reports it's for midseason consideration. Also, talks about a Sue-centered Middle spinoff started several months ago; that is why Sher did not entertain any pilot offers this past season. Any other characters you hope show up in the spinoff? Share all your thoughts in the comments below.
I hear the network is in negotiations for a pilot production commitment to a spinoff from the middle-class family comedy toplined by series co-star Eden Sher. The project, which could be for midseason consideration
Deals with Sher, Heisler and Heline are still being finalized for the potential comedy series, which would be centered on Sher's Sue character. I hear the new show will be set a few years in the future from The Middle finale, chronicling the next stage of Sue's life as a young adults with a new cast of characters around her.
Read More on Deadline

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


In order to get pleasure from drinking absinthe alcohol safely then for best absinthe thujone levels should be controlled. Most countries have anyway set an upper limit for the amount of thujone that can be present in absinthe and ensuring these safe levels will assist you to experience the heady buzz of absinthe in a very safe manner alcohol online.
Absinthe is actually a potent alcoholic spirit that contains Artemisia Absinthium or Grande Wormwood in addition to fennel and anise, and the resultant drink contains a flavor of licorice. Although the drink began as a multi-purpose medicine in the early 1800s, its side-effect was a heady buzz that soon caught the fancy of soldiers and the general public that soon started thronging absinthe bars and cafes in a bid to satisfy their thirst for a potent new drink. Absinthe is additionally known as absinth or absinthe green fairy or simply as being the green fairy due to the presence of chlorophyll in a few of the herbal ingredients of this exhilarating drink.
However, the absinthe fairy soon lost its allure as frequent drinkers succumbed to a few of the side effects that were attributed to this potent drink. Opponents of absinthe claimed that drinkers experienced seizures, convulsions, blindness, and also went mad after drinking absinthe alcohol. They even claimed that drinkers quickly turned into criminals upon drinking the green fairy in increased quantities. This led to a ban on absinthe in many European countries and in the United States too during the early 1900s. The issue was tracked to excessive amounts of thujone found in wormwood. This induced the green fairy to turn toxic and trigger a number of the described problems while other issues simply seemed to be exaggerated by way of the opponents of absinthe.
However, the ban made certain that absinthe liquor was pushed underground where drinkers still enjoyed them on the sly. Several counterparts of absinthe such as the martini also made a legitimate entry into the market while further research on absinthe thujone concluded that if thujone levels were managed at low levels then this drink wasn't any more dangerous than some other liquor available in the market. The outcome was that absinthe was officially welcomed in the USA and most other European countries that had banned it.
The only real difference after the ban was lifted was that a majority of countries now specified an upper limit of thujone which was allowed to be present in each kilogram of absinthe. Thus, America and the Eu allows sale of absinthe which contains less than 10 mg per kilogram of absinthe as well as a few other conditions, while Quebec in Canada allows 5 mg per kilogram of absinthe. If you wish to try out an enticing new alcoholic drink with a robust taste and heady absinthe effects then you can safely drink absinthe liquor without facing any problems related to thujone absinthe spoon.
Absinthe has had a troubled past due to misconceptions together with certain ingredients that caused medical problems when utilized in excess. Nevertheless, modern science has located the issues and eliminated the misconceptions so that you can safely enjoy your absinthe drink to the fullest. For the very best absinthe thujone levels need to be controlled to enable you to sip on real absinthe alcohol without any problems for your body or your mind.


At the Stroke and Disability Learning Center, we are committed to both healing and learning. If you have suffered a stroke, or are living with a condition such as Parkinson's Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, arthritis, traumatic brain injury/tumor, speech, language or hearing impairment, or other orthopedic or neurological limitation, you can come to the Cabrillo College Stroke and Disability Learning Center to learn new knowledge and skills.
The SDLC also provides opportunities for service and experiential learning to Cabrillo students interested in careers in Health and Human Services.
Currently the program offers CORE classes as part of the Cabrillo College Accessibility Support Center (ASC). Core classes include: counseling and stress management, mobility, dexterity and fitness, and communication skills.
Additionally, the HEART (Health, Education, Art and Recreation Together) Program is offered in collaboration with the Cabrillo Extension. Classes featured include: ceramics, painting, healthy eating, culture and change, choir, hand/shoulder and recreational movement. HEART Program classes are reserved for students enrolled in CORE classes.
The counselor's primary goal is to help students clarify their educational goals so they can maximize college and community resources and develop successful strategies for adaptation.
Counselors speak with prospective students and their families by phone, arrange tours and coordinate student assessments. An Orientation class helps new students to learn about the program, choose the correct classes and then begin to integrate into classes.
CORE counseling classes include Exploring Abilities, Self-Management and Women's and Men's groups that assist students to gain self-awareness and confidence as they pursue their learning goals and interests.
The majority of students who come to the Center want to regain lost function in mobility and/or dexterity, as well as to maintain and improve their fitness level. The instructor, who is a licensed physical therapist, and his class assistants, provide group activities at different levels of function and ability. Students encourage each other to push past limitations through committed exercise and practice.
Goals include improving use of upper and lower extremities by developing strength, dexterity, flexibility, balance, coordination and endurance.
Communication skills are crucial for successful relationships and for meaningful participation in the community. The SDLC instructor, who is a speech therapist, and her instructional assistant, offer CORE classes that strengthen oral communication, reading, writing and memory strategies. A fully equipped Computer Lab allows students to access the many resources of the Internet as well as specific programs to promote language skills.
Students pursue individual goals to improve voice and speech, gesture, hearing, listening, comprehension, attention, thought processes and memory.
After a stroke, many individuals lose language capabilities yet are able to sing because music lives in a different part of the brain. Our choir gives students the opportunity to exercise voice and harmony, as well as to perform for our Stroke Center parties!
Ceramic and painting activities use art and creative expression as a pathway towards personal enhancement, expression and self-esteem. Clay is a forgiving medium that allows survivors of a stroke or other physical/neurological damage to push and pull and make shapes that are pleasing and functional. Both physical skills and creativity are engaged in the process.
The hand/shoulder class is designed to promote upper body strength and coordination, including manipulation skills and learning to accomplish tasks with the non-dominant hand.
In this fun class, we gather around the kitchen table to learn about the way various foods help our health conditions. Those who are able often help prepare recipes, and we all eat and rate the nutritional meals created. Students learn to better understand the ways in which vitamins and minerals in the foods we eat can support overall physical and mental health.
Each week we gather to talk about current and past events that impact our lives and cultural experiences. Our views and understanding are explored and expanded upon with the viewing of brief video segments and Ted Talks as we discuss events of the past and present. Students gain a broader understanding and appreciation of each other and our global society.
Building on skills learned in the CORE Mobility/Fitness classes, the recreational movement classes provide students with physical games and activities that support walking, balance and coordination. Blending repetition with fun, participants gain strength and endurance while enjoying time together as a group.
The SDLC Standing Tall Advocacy Club is a student club that supports student-run social and recreational activities and is part of the larger Cabrillo College Inter-Club Council.
SDLC students may choose to stay after lunch to participate in structured games and recreational activities such as card games, Bocci ball, Scrabble and Dominos. These games stimulate brain function, promote social connection and bring members of this unique student learning community together.


These are some of my very favorite things by Kate Spade Saturday that you can find over on Fab right now. I love how bright and happy every single piece is. Kate Spade Saturday is only on Fab for a week, so if you're wanting to snag a piece (or two) I'd get on over there-- I'm off to buy myself a little treat! :) Happy Friday!
I adore those shoes and those sunglasses. They're so cute.
I love Kate Spade Saturday! Those sandals are so cute!
LOVE Kate Spade Saturday :D Especially the half circle bag, and the sunnies !!


text:
GOP Candidate: Hypothetical 14-12 months-Old Incest Victim Is 'Perfect Example' For Abortion Ban
PoliticsUSA
Tudor Dixon, a leading Republican candidate for governor of Michigan, confirmed in a recent interview that her opposition to abortion rights extends even to a minor who's raped by a member of the family.
On an episode of Charlie LeDuff's talk show, "The No BS Newshour," that aired Friday, LeDuff pressed Dixon, a conservative commentator and former steel industry executive, on whether her support for a strict abortion ban would apply to essentially the most extreme cases.
By the use of example, LeDuff proposed the hypothetical case of a 14-year-old girl who becomes pregnant after her uncle rapes her.
"Yeah, perfect example," Dixon interjected.
"You're saying carry that?" LeDuff asked, ending his query.
Dixon replied that she would expect that girl to hold the newborn to term and that she only supports allowing an abortion when a mother's life is in peril.
"I do know people who find themselves the product ― a life is a life for me. That's the way it is," Dixon concluded.
The Michigan news outlet Heartland Signal first reported on the conversation on Wednesday morning, posting a video of the exchange that it pulled from the YouTube page of "The No BS Newshour."
The Michigan Democratic Party immediately condemned Dixon's remarks.
Dixon's "callous remarks are the right example of how dangerous Tudor Dixon could be for Michigan families," Michigan Democratic Party spokesperson Rodericka Applewhaite said in a press release to the media.
Dixon's support for an abortion ban that features only an exception for cases when a mother's life is danger is consistent with Michigan's 1931 law banning abortion.
The Supreme Court's Roe v. Wade decision in 1973, which made abortion a federal right, effectively overrode that old law.
However the high court's June decision sending the difficulty of abortion rights back to the states would have triggered the 1931 ban had a Michigan judge not granted Planned Parenthood's request for a brief injunction blocking the law from taking effect on the grounds that it violates the state's structure.
Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer (D), whom Dixon is difficult, has filed a second lawsuit difficult the restoration of the 1931 law in court.
Asked to make clear why Dixon thinks the case of an adolescent who's raped is the "perfect example" of her belief that abortion must be illegal except in cases where the mother's life is in danger, Dixon provided HuffPost a press release affirming her anti-abortion views and accusing Whitmer of holding extreme views in the other way.
"Not everyone agrees with me that each life has value and we should always have the courage, as [University of Michigan football coach] Jim Harbaugh put it, to let unborn children be born," Dixon said in a press release. "I do know that. I'm not hiding from it."
"In contrast, Gretchen Whitmer won't say if she has ANY limits on abortion because she supports abortion on demand for all, including minors (without their parents knowing)," Dixon added. "She just vetoed tens of tens of millions of dollars to assist pregnant women from the state budget. That shouldn't be pro-choice. It's anti-Life. Big difference."
Whitmer indeed employed a line-item veto last week to stop public state funding from going to "crisis" pregnancy centers championed by abortion opponents. The pregnancy centers ― reviled by abortion rights advocates ― often pair counseling designed to discourage abortions with some basic resources that pregnant women seek.
The centers "purport to supply comprehensive reproductive health care, including abortion, but don't, preying on women at a vulnerable time of their lives," Whitmer spokesperson Bobby Leddy told the Detroit Free Press.
As well as, if Whitmer succeeds in stopping the 1931 law from taking effect, the state will proceed to have a lot of abortion restrictions still on the books. Those restrictions include requiring a minor to acquire consent from a parent to receive an abortion, and a prohibition on abortions after the purpose of fetal viability.
Whitmer, who revealed during a 2013 abortion rights fight within the state legislature that she had survived a rape as an adolescent, is running for reelection on a platform of strong support for abortion rights.
"Due to the work we've done together, abortion stays legal in Michigan," she tweeted on Monday. "We're fighting every rattling day to maintain it that way."
A public poll last week showed Dixon holding a narrow lead over her rival Republicans for the GOP gubernatorial nomination. She had 19% support, compared with 15% for businessman Kevin Rinke and 13% for chiropractor Garrett Soldano.
The winner of the Republican primary on Aug. 2 will face Whitmer in the final election in November.
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Hello everyone! As the computer geek in the family I decided to create a web page. After all what good would the web design class be if there was nothing to show for it? This is the section for family and friends only. I thought that I would briefly explain how the program below works. Right now you probably see in into screen. To see all of the pictures click the button that says "Mosaic" to the right. This will bring up a thumbnail list of all the pictures. To view a picture up close, click on the thumbnail. For some reason 100% zoom only shows part of the picture, so from the drop down menu select 25%. Thats about all there is to it! If you have any questions, just E-mail Me, or give me a call!


MINNESOTA–A Hennepin County judge ruled in late December that the University of Minnesota student newspaper, the Minnesota Daily, need not turn over photographs as evidence in an assault case.
The paper had refused to obey a subpoena from the prosecutor's office demanding that it hand over photographs taken of students at a neo-Nazi rally in 1993 which erupted into fighting. The judge originally held that the paper must turn over the photos so that he could review the photographs in chambers, but reversed himself after the case was returned from an appellate court.
The trial court found that the paper did not have to hand over the photographs because of a qualified privilege under the U.S. and Minnesota constitutions. The court noted that while journalists are not exempt from responding to grand jury subpoenas and answering questions pertaining to criminal investigations, First Amendment rights require special safeguards.
Originally, the trial court had found that the university newspaper should be compelled to obey the subpoena. However, an appeals court found that while it did not apply under the facts of the case as presented, a journalist's qualified privilege could apply. The trial court's earlier decision had assumed the privilege could not apply to unpublished photographs.


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text:
ROHR CORP. v. SAN DIEGO COUNTY
ROHR CORP. v. SAN DIEGO COUNTY(1960)
Argued: March 30, 1960Decided: May 23, 1960
1. In this case, in which a taxpayer did not explicitly challenge a state tax statute as being repugnant to the Federal Constitution, treaties or statutes, but challenged a local tax assessment on the ground that it infringed the taxpayer's federal rights, privileges or immunities, this Court did not have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. 1257 of an appeal from a decision of a state Supreme Court sustaining the validity of the tax; but the appeal was treated under 28 U.S.C. 2103 as a petition for certiorari, and certiorari was granted. Pp. 629-630.
2. Certain real estate owned by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation and subjected by 8 of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation Act to state and local taxation was declared surplus and surrendered to the War Assets Administration for disposal under the provisions of the Surplus Property Act of 1944, which, inter alia, authorized the War Assets Administration and its successor, the General Services Administration, to make disposition of the property on such terms as it saw fit and to execute and deliver all necessary papers incident to transfer of title. Held: Even before execution of a quitclaim deed transferring title from the Reconstruction Finance Corporation to the United States, such real estate had ceased to be subject to state and local taxation as "real property of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation," even though the property was leased to a private lessee in the name of both the Reconstruction Finance Corporation and the United States. Pp. 630-636.
51 Cal. 2d 759, 336 P.2d 521, reversed.
Leroy A. Wright argued the cause and filed a brief for appellant.
Manuel L. Kugler and Henry A. Dietz argued the cause for appellees. With them on the brief were Carroll H. Smith and Duane J. Carnes. [362 U.S. 628, 629]
Myron C. Baum argued the cause for the United States, as amicus curiae, urging reversal. On the brief were Solicitor General Rankin, Assistant Attorney General Rice and John J. McCarthy.
MR. JUSTICE CLARK delivered the opinion of the Court.
The question to be decided is whether real property declared to be surplus under the Surplus Property Act of 1944, 58 Stat. 765, but the record title to which is in the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, continues to be subject to local taxation under the exemption of 8 of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation Act, 47 Stat. 5. 1 The Supreme Court of California and the Supreme Court of Michigan 2 have held that it does. The Court of Claims has reached the opposite conclusion. 3 In view of this conflict we agreed to hear this case, but postponed consideration of the question of jurisdiction to the hearing on the merits. 361 U.S. 859 .
On the question of jurisdiction, we believe that appellant did not make the required "explicit and timely insistence in the state courts that a state statute, as applied, is repugnant to the federal Constitution, treaties or laws. . . . And it has long been settled that an attack [362 U.S. 628, 630] upon a tax assessment or levy, such as [appellant] here made, on the ground that it infringes a taxpayer's federal rights, privileges, or immunities, will not sustain an appeal . . . ." Charleston Federal Savings & Loan Assn. v. Alderson, 324 U.S. 182, 185 (1945). 4 The appeal is therefore dismissed. While the case is not properly here by appeal, we treat the same as a petition for certiorari under 28 U.S.C. 2103. 5 The petition is granted. On the merits, we conclude that the property involved is not within the waiver provision of the federal Act.
The language of 8 of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation Act was borrowed from earlier federal legislation dealing with federal financial institutions. 6 The congressional policy appears to have been to waive tax [362 U.S. 628, 631] exemption on real property owned by government corporations whose functions were primarily financial in nature. Originally conceived for the purpose of making loans to distressed business concerns, the Reconstruction Finance Corporation was in this category. Apparently Congress was concerned that property obtained by the Corporation through its financial operations in aid of economic recovery policies would lose its taxable status. Through 8, therefore, Congress preserved the right of state and local governmental bodies to tax property even though it came into the hands of the Corporation. Success crowned the economic efforts of the Corporation, and, as the country approached the critical period immediately preceding its entry into World War II, Congress in 1940 extended the Corporation's functions to include the stockpiling of critical supplies and the operation of plants engaged in the manufacture of war material. 54 Stat. 573. It was soon apparent that large tracts of land would be necessary in this operation, and the waiver was extended to the real estate holdings of the Defense Plant Corporation, a subsidiary of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. 55 Stat. 248.
The termination of the war quickly threw substantial portions of such property into disuse, there being no further need for the mass production of war material. The President created the War Assets Administration for the purpose of disposing of all government surplus property. 7 After March 25, 1946, government agencies possessing property surplus to official needs were required so to declare it and to transfer it to the Administration for disposal. 8 By declaration of May 29, 1946, the Reconstruction Finance Corporation declared the subject property to be surplus to its needs and responsibilities. Under [362 U.S. 628, 632] the Surplus Property Act, this declaration transferred 9 to the War Assets Administration the functions of: caring for and handling the property pending disposal ( 3 (g) and 6); making disposition of the property on such terms as it saw fit ( 9 (b) and 15 (a)), including donation under certain conditions ( 13 (b)), and the power of execution and delivery of all necessary papers incident to transfer of title ( 15 (b)). It further provided that all funds derived from such disposition would be covered into the United States Treasury as miscellaneous receipts ( 30 (a)). Pursuant to this declaration by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, the War Assets Administration took possession of this property on May 29, 1946, and its successor, the General Services Administration, 10 retained possession until September 1, 1949, during which period the property was used as a storage depot and a sales center for surplus property held by the Administration. On the latter date, the property was leased to appellant's predecessor. The lease described the lessor as the "Reconstruction Finance Corporation . . . and the United States of America, both acting by and through the General Services Administrator under . . . the Surplus Property Act of 1944."
Appellees assessed ad valorem real property taxes on the realty against the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, as owner, for the fiscal tax years 1951 to 1955, inclusive. Appellant paid the taxes 11 and filed this suit after claims for refund had been denied. The trial court [362 U.S. 628, 633] entered judgment against appellant. On appeal, the Supreme Court of California affirmed the judgment of the trial court, and denied the claim for refund. 51 Cal. 2d 759, 336 P.2d 521.
There would be no question as to the exemption of the real property involved had the record title been in the name of the United States. Since March 17, 1955, in fact, it has been so recorded; on that date the Reconstruction Finance Corporation executed and recorded a quitclaim deed to the United States.
The Supreme Court of California correctly posed as the underlying question, "whether the land ceased to be `real property of the' Reconstruction Finance Corporation" after it was declared surplus and became subject to the provisions of the Surplus Property Act of 1944. That court found that, since no deed was executed transferring title out of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation until 1955, it remained "property of the Corporation" and hence subject to taxation until that time. We believe the court placed too much reliance on the fact that the bare record title to the property remained in the name of the Corporation.
It appears to us that the purpose of the waiver provision was to permit taxation of real property being used by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation in the performance of its functions. Such use was terminated when the property was declared surplus in 1946. At that time another agency of the Government took both the occupancy and complete control of the property for the purpose of management and disposition. The Reconstruction Finance Corporation, under the specific provisions of the Surplus Property Act, thereby lost all power and control over the property, which came into the hands of the Administrator for the account of the United States, any proceeds therefrom being ordered paid into the United States Treasury. Thereafter, the Administrator elected, [362 U.S. 628, 634] as he had the statutory power to do, to lease the property to appellant's predecessor. The real property, however, remained in the account of the United States, not the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. As the Supreme Court of California recognized, the general rule is "that lands owned by the United States of America or its instrumentalities are immune from state and local taxation." We think that the land here was "owned" by the United States.
We believe that California overlooks the fact that, while the 1949 lease was formally made in the name of both the United States and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, as lessors, it recited on its face that the property was "surplus property of the Government of the United States" and subject to the Surplus Property Act of 1944. Furthermore, this lease noted that the property had "been assigned to War Assets Administration for disposal," and that "the Department of Air Force has determined that the use of the leased premises by the Lessee herein is necessary for the production of military equipment for the National Defense." Moreover, the property had been occupied by the War Assets Administration during the two years immediately preceding its lease. The appellees' contention seems to be that, since the lease was in the name of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation as well as the United States, the land was "property of the Corporation." We hardly think such a conclusion inevitable. We believe that the appropriate test would turn on practical ownership of the property rather than the naked legal title. This is the more necessary with respect to public property where the record title may often be in a government agency or department - or, for that matter, in an official of the Government - rather than in the name of the United States. Here the Reconstruction Finance Corporation had no proprietary interest in the property, no possession or control thereof, was performing none of [362 U.S. 628, 635] its functions with regard thereto, and could receive none of the income or future benefits therefrom. Even though it held the record title, such holding, under the circumstances here, could be only for the benefit of the United States. All of the incidents of beneficial ownership ended by the express mandate of the statute when the property was declared surplus and transferred to another agency for disposition.
When confronted with the same issue as presented by the instant case, the Court of Claims reached a conclusion directly contrary to that of the Supreme Court of California. Board of County Comm'rs of Sedgwick County v. United States, 123 Ct. Cl. 304, 105 F. Supp. 995. The Court of Claims there noted that, after the declaration of surplus, the Reconstruction Finance Corporation had no "physical possession, control, or custody of the property. It had neither the use nor the right to use the property." The court went on to conclude that "[t]here is no indication that Congress intended to waive immunity from taxation under these circumstances." 123 Ct. Cl., at 324, 105 F. Supp., at 1001. We agree with the Court of Claims "that the cloak of immunity descended upon the property [when it was declared surplus] and no tax liability for the property could arise thereafter." 123 Ct. Cl., at 324, 105 F. Supp., at 1002.
Since the crucial element is the intent of Congress, it is important to note the enactment of a 1955 statute providing the States relief from the effects of federal immunity. 40 U.S.C. 521-524. The congressional declaration of purpose in that statute "recognizes that the transfer of real property having a taxable status from the Reconstruction Finance Corporation . . . to another Government department has often operated to remove such property from the tax rolls . . . ." "Transfer" was defined to include "a transfer of custody and control of, or accountability for the care and handling of," the property, [362 U.S. 628, 636] as well as "transfer of legal title." The statute goes on to provide for certain payments in lieu of taxes where such a transfer occurs. The relevance of this statute lies in a congressional sanction of the rule of the Sedgwick County case, construing the waiver provision.
We cannot say that Congress in 1932 intended to waive the tax exemption on "real property of the Corporation" after the Corporation found the property surplus to its needs and responsibilities and transferred it to another agency, for management and disposition as United States property. To say that the Government's land remained taxable merely because no formal deed was executed transferring title, either to itself or any of its designated agencies, would but make a local tollgate of a technicality.
Nor can we agree that the short administrative practice claimed here continued the waiver in effect. Even if the responsible agency had permitted the paper title to the Government's property to remain in the Reconstruction Finance Corporation for the sole purpose of allowing it to be taxed, the congressional mandate in the Surplus Property Act of 1944 could not be overridden. As to such matters, any adjustments between the federal and the local governments are strictly legislative ones for the Congress, United States v. City of Detroit, 355 U.S. 466, 474 (1958), and not within the discretion of the executive agencies.
The judgment is therefore reversed and the cause remanded for further proceedings not inconsistent with this opinion.
MR. JUSTICE BLACK and MR. JUSTICE DOUGLAS dissent.
[ Footnote 1 ] Section 8 (as amended): ". . . any real property of the Corporation shall be subject to . . . State, Territorial, county, municipal, or local taxation to the same extent according to its value as other real property is taxed." 61 Stat. 205; 15 U.S.C. 607.
[ Footnote 2 ] Continental Motors Corp. v. Township of Muskegon, 346 Mich. 141, 77 N. W. 2d 370.
[ Footnote 3 ] Board of County Comm'rs of Sedgwick County v. United States, 123 Ct. Cl. 304, 105 F. Supp. 995. In a case involving property in a similar posture, the Ninth Circuit reached a result in accord with Sedgwick County, and contrary to the California and Michigan courts. United States v. Shofner Iron & Steel Works, 168 F.2d 286. In Shofner, the ultimate issue was not tax immunity, but ejectment of a defendant from government property.
[ Footnote 4 ] 28 U.S.C. 1257 provides: "Final judgments or decrees rendered by the highest court of a State in which a decision could be had, may be reviewed by the Supreme Court as follows: . . . . . "(2) By appeal, where is drawn in question the validity of a statute of any state on the ground of its being repugnant to the Constitution, treaties or laws of the United States, and the decision is in favor of its validity. "(3) By writ of certiorari, . . . where any title, right, privilege or immunity is specially set up or claimed under the Constitution, treaties or statutes of . . . the United States."
[ Footnote 5 ] 28 U.S.C. 2103: "If an appeal to the Supreme Court is improvidently taken from the decision of the highest court of a State in a case where the proper mode of a review is by petition for certiorari, this alone shall not be ground for dismissal; but the papers whereon the appeal was taken shall be regarded and acted on as a petition for writ of certiorari and as if duly presented to the Supreme Court at the time the appeal was taken. . . ."
[ Footnote 6 ] See 13 Stat. 99, 111, 12 U.S.C. 548 (national banking associations); 38 Stat. 251, 258, 12 U.S.C. 531 (Federal Reserve Banks); 39 Stat. 380, 12 U.S.C. 931, 933 (Federal Land Banks); 42 Stat. 1469, 12 U.S.C. 1261 (National Agricultural Credit Corporation).
[ Footnote 7 ] See Exec. Order No. 9689, dated Jan. 31, 1946, 11 Fed. Reg. 1265.
[ Footnote 8 ] See Surplus Property Act of 1944, 58 Stat. 765.
[ Footnote 9 ] The Act did not require the execution of a deed to the Administration.
[ Footnote 10 ] As of July 1, 1949, Congress transferred all of the functions of the War Assets Administration to the General Services Administration. See Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949, c. 288, 63 Stat. 377.
[ Footnote 11 ] By the terms of the lease, the lessee undertook to pay all taxes legally assessed against the property. [362 U.S. 628, 637]


Chaffe Members Have Been Re-elected to GNO, Inc.
G.F. Gay Le Breton has been re-elected to the Board of Directors and Whit Slocum has been re-elected to the NextGen Council at the Greater New Orleans, Inc. annual luncheon last month. Congratulations Gay and Whit!


text:
(function (enyo, scope) {
	/**
	* This is a [delegate]{@glossary delegate} (strategy) used by {@link enyo.DataList}
	* for vertically-oriented lists. This is used by all lists for this strategy; it
	* does not get copied, but is called directly from the list.
	*
	* @name enyo.DataList.delegates.vertical
	* @type Object
	* @private
	*/
	enyo.DataList.delegates.vertical = {

		/**
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		* @public
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		/**
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		* @param {enyo.DataList} list - The [list]{@link enyo.DataList} to perform this action on.
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			list.upperProp = 'top';
			list.lowerProp = 'bottom';
			list.psizeProp = 'height';
			list.ssizeProp = 'width';
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		* @param {enyo.DataList} list - The [list]{@link enyo.DataList} to perform this action on.
		* @private
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			// adjust page positions
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		* @param {enyo.DataList} list - The [list]{@link enyo.DataList} to perform this action on.
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		* @param {enyo.DataList} list - The [list]{@link enyo.DataList} to perform this action on.
		* @private
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			// get our initial sizing cached now since we should actually have
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			// now if we already have a length then that implies we have a controller
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		/**
		* Generates the markup for the page content.
		*
		* @private
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				// the collection of data with records to use
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				// controls per page
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				view;

			// the first index for this generated page
			page.start  = perPage * index;
			// the last index for this generated page
			page.end    = Math.min((data.length - 1), (page.start + perPage) - 1);

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			if (page.end < 0) page.end = null;

			// if generating a control we need to use the correct page as the control parent
			list.controlParent = page;
			for (var i=page.start; i <= page.end && i < data.length; ++i) {
				view = (page.children[i - page.start] || list.createComponent({}));
				// disable notifications until all properties to be updated
				// have been
				view.teardownRender();
				view.stopNotifications();
				view.set('model', data.atIndex(i));
				view.set('index', i);
				view.set('selected', list.isSelected(view.model));
				view.startNotifications();
				view.canGenerate = true;
			}
			// if there are any controls that need to be hidden we do that now
			for (i=(i-page.start); i < page.children.length; ++i) {
				view = page.children[i];
				view.teardownRender();
				view.canGenerate = false;
			}
			// update the entire page at once - this removes old nodes and updates
			// to the correct ones
			page.render();
			// now to update the metrics
			metrics        = metrics.pages[index] || (metrics.pages[index] = {});
			metrics.height = this.pageHeight(list, page);
			metrics.width  = this.pageWidth(list, page);
			// update the childSize value now that we have measurements
			this.childSize(list);
		},

		/**
		* Generates a child size for the given [list]{@link enyo.DataList}.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		childSize: function (list) {
			if (!list.fixedChildSize) {
				var pageIndex = list.$.page1.index,
					sizeProp  = list.psizeProp,
					n         = list.$.page1.node || list.$.page1.hasNode(),
					size, props;
				if (pageIndex >= 0 && n) {
					props = list.metrics.pages[pageIndex];
					size  = props? props[sizeProp]: 0;
					list.childSize = Math.floor(size / (n.children.length || 1));
				}
			}
			return list.fixedChildSize || list.childSize || (list.childSize = 100); // we have to start somewhere
		},

		/**
		* When necessary, updates the the value of `controlsPerPage` dynamically to ensure that
		* the page size is always larger than the viewport size. Note that once a
		* [control]{@link enyo.Control} is instanced (if this number increases and then decreases),
		* the number of available controls will be used instead. This method updates the
		* [childSize]{@link enyo.DataList#childSize} and is used internally to calculate other
		* values, such as [defaultPageSize]{@link DataList.delegates.vertical#defaultPageSize}.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		controlsPerPage: function (list) {
			if (this._staticControlsPerPage) {
				return list.controlsPerPage;
			} else {
				var updatedControls = list._updatedControlsPerPage,
					updatedBounds   = list._updatedBounds,
					childSize       = list.childSize,
					perPage         = list.controlsPerPage,
					sizeProp        = list.psizeProp,
					multi           = list.pageSizeMultiplier || this.pageSizeMultiplier,
					fn              = this[sizeProp];
				// if we've never updated the value or it was done longer ago than the most
				// recent updated sizing/bounds we need to update
				if (!updatedControls || (updatedControls < updatedBounds)) {
					// we always update the default child size value first, here
					childSize = this.childSize(list);
					// using height/width of the available viewport times our multiplier value
					if (list.scroller === false)
						perPage   = list.controlsPerPage = list.collection ? list.collection.length : 0;
					else
						perPage   = list.controlsPerPage = Math.ceil(((fn.call(this, list) * multi) / childSize) + 1);
					// update our time for future comparison
					list._updatedControlsPerPage = enyo.perfNow();
				}
				/*jshint -W093 */
				return (list.controlsPerPage = perPage);
			}
		},

		/**
		* Retrieves the page index for the given record index.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		pageForIndex: function (list, i) {
			var perPage = list.controlsPerPage || this.controlsPerPage(list);
			return Math.floor(i / (perPage || 1));
		},

		/**
		* Attempts to scroll to the given index.
		*
		* @param {enyo.DataList} list - The [list]{@link enyo.DataList} to perform this action on.
		* @param {Number} i - The index to scroll to.
		* @private
		*/
		scrollToIndex: function (list, i) {
				// first see if the child is already available to scroll to
			var c = this.childForIndex(list, i),
				// but we also need the page so we can find its position
				p = this.pageForIndex(list, i);
			// if there is no page then the index is bad
			if (p < 0 || p > this.pageCount(list)) { return; }
			// if there isn't one, then we know we need to go ahead and
			// update, otherwise we should be able to use the scroller's
			// own methods to find it
			if (c) {
				list.$.scroller.scrollIntoView(c, this.pagePosition(list, p));
			} else {
				// we do this to ensure we trigger the paging event when necessary
				this.resetToPosition(list, this.pagePosition(list, p));
				// now retry the original logic until we have this right
				enyo.asyncMethod(function () {
					list.scrollToIndex(i);
				});
			}
		},

		/**
		* Returns the calculated height for the given page.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		pageHeight: function (list, page) {
			var h = page.node.offsetHeight;
			var m = list.metrics.pages[page.index];
			var len = list.collection? list.collection.length: 0;
			if (h === 0 && len && page.node.children.length) {
				//list.heightNeedsUpdate = true;
				// attempt to reuse the last known height for this page
				h = m? m.height: 0;
			}
			return h;
		},

		/**
		* Returns the calculated width for the given page.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		pageWidth: function (list, page) {
			var w = page.node.offsetWidth;
			var m = list.metrics.pages[page.index];
			var len = list.collection? list.collection.length: 0;
			if (w === 0 && len && page.node.children.length) {
				//list.widthNeedsUpdate = true;
				// attempt to reuse the last known width for this page
				w = m? m.width: 0;
			}
			return w;
		},

		/**
		* Attempts to intelligently decide when to force updates for [models]{@link enyo.Model}
		* being added, if the models are part of any visible pages. For now, an assumption is
		* made that records being added are ordered and sequential.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		modelsAdded: function (list, props) {

			// if the list has not already reset, reset
			if (!list.hasReset) return this.reset(list);

			var cpp = this.controlsPerPage(list),
				end = Math.max(list.$.page1.start, list.$.page2.start) + cpp;

			// note that this will refresh the following scenarios
			// 1. if the dataset was spliced in above the current indices and the last index added was
			//    less than the first index rendered
			// 2. if the dataset was spliced in above the current indices and overlapped some of the
			//    current indices
			// 3. if the dataset was spliced in above the current indices and completely overlapped
			//    the current indices (pushing them all down)
			// 4. if the dataset was spliced inside the current indices (pushing some down)
			// 5. if the dataset was appended to the current dataset and was inside the indices that
			//    should be currently rendered (there was a partially filled page)

			// the only time we don't refresh is if the first index of the contiguous set of added
			// models is beyond our final rendered page (possible) indices

			// in the case where it does not need to refresh the existing controls it will update its
			// measurements and page positions within the buffer so scrolling can continue properly

			// if we need to refresh, do it now and ensure that we're properly setup to scroll
			// if we were adding to a partially filled page
			if (props.index <= end ) this.refresh(list);
			else {
				// we still need to ensure that the metrics are updated so it knows it can scroll
				// past the boundaries of the current pages (potentially)
				this.adjustBuffer(list);
				this.adjustPagePositions(list);
			}
		},

		/**
		* Attempts to find the [control]{@link enyo.Control} for the requested index.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		childForIndex: function (list, i) {
			var p  = this.pageForIndex(list, i),
				p1 = list.$.page1,
				p2 = list.$.page2;
			p = (p==p1.index && p1) || (p==p2.index && p2);
			if (p) {
				for (var j=0, c; (c=p.children[j]); ++j) {
					if (c.index == i) {
						return c;
					}
				}
			}
		},

		/**
		* Attempts to intelligently decide when to force updates for [models]{@link enyo.Model}
		* being removed, if the models are part of any visible pages.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		modelsRemoved: function (list, props) {

			// if the list has not already reset, reset
			if (!list.hasReset) return this.reset(list);

			var pg1 = list.$.page1,
				pg2 = list.$.page2,
				lastIdx = Math.max(pg1.end, pg2.end);

			// props.models is removed modelList and the lowest index among removed models
			if (props.models.low <= lastIdx) {
				this.refresh(list);
				//this.scrollToIndex(list, Math.min(pg1.start, pg2.start));
			}
		},

		/**
		* Recalculates the buffer size based on the current metrics for the given list. This
		* may not be completely accurate until the final page is scrolled into view.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		adjustBuffer: function (list) {
			var pc = this.pageCount(list),
				ds = this.defaultPageSize(list),
				bs = 0, sp = list.psizeProp, ss = list.ssizeProp,
				n = list.$.buffer.node || list.$.buffer.hasNode(), p;
			if (n) {
				if (pc !== 0) {
					for (var i=0; i<pc; ++i) {
						p = list.metrics.pages[i];
						bs += (p && p[sp]) || ds;
					}
				}
				list.bufferSize = bs;
				n.style[sp] = bs + 'px';
				n.style[ss] = this[ss](list) + 'px';
			}
		},

		/**
		* Ensures that the pages are positioned according to their calculated positions,
		* updating if necessary.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		adjustPagePositions: function (list) {
			for (var i=0, p; (p=list.pages[i]); ++i) {
				var pi = p.index,
					cp = this.pagePosition(list, p.index),
					mx = list.metrics.pages[pi] || (list.metrics.pages[pi] = {}),
					pp = list.posProp,
					up = list.upperProp,
					lp = list.lowerProp,
					sp = list.psizeProp;
				p.node.style[pp] = cp + 'px';
				p[up] = mx[up] = cp;
				p[lp] = mx[lp] = (mx[sp] + cp);
			}
			this.setScrollThreshold(list);
		},

		/**
		* Retrieves the assumed position for the requested page index.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		pagePosition: function (list, index) {
			var mx = list.metrics.pages,
				ds = this.defaultPageSize(list),
				tt = 0, sp = list.psizeProp, cp;
			while (index > 0) {
				cp = mx[--index];
				// if the index is > 0 then we need to ensure we have at least
				// the minimum height available so this is a deliberate 'fail-on-zero' case
				tt += (cp && cp[sp]? cp[sp]: ds);
			}
			return tt;
		},

		/**
		* Retrieves the default page size.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		defaultPageSize: function (list) {
			var perPage = list.controlsPerPage || this.controlsPerPage(list);
			return (perPage * (list.fixedChildSize || list.childSize || 100));
		},

		/**
		* Retrieves the number of pages for the given [list]{@link enyo.DataList}.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		pageCount: function (list) {
			var perPage = list.controlsPerPage || this.controlsPerPage(list);
			var len = list.collection? list.collection.length: 0;
			return (Math.ceil(len / (perPage || 1)));
		},

		/**
		* Retrieves the current (and desired) scroll position from the
		* [scroller]{@link enyo.Scroller} for the given list.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		getScrollPosition: function (list) {
			return list.$.scroller.getScrollTop();
		},

		/**
		* @private
		*/
		scrollHandler: function (list, bounds) {
			var last = this.pageCount(list)-1,
				pos  = this.pagesByPosition(list);
			if ((bounds.xDir === 1 || bounds.yDir === 1) && pos.lastPage.index !== (last)) {
				this.generatePage(list, pos.firstPage, pos.lastPage.index + 1);
				this.adjustPagePositions(list);
				this.adjustBuffer(list);
				// note that the reference to the page positions has been udpated by
				// another method so we trust the actual pages
				list.triggerEvent('paging', {
					start: pos.firstPage.start,
					end: pos.lastPage.end,
					action: 'scroll'
				});
			} else if ((bounds.xDir === -1 || bounds.yDir === -1) && pos.firstPage.index !== 0) {
				this.generatePage(list, pos.lastPage, pos.firstPage.index - 1);
				this.adjustPagePositions(list);
				// note that the reference to the page positions has been udpated by
				// another method so we trust the actual pages
				list.triggerEvent('paging', {
					start: pos.firstPage.start,
					end: pos.lastPage.end,
					action: 'scroll'
				});
			}
		},

		/**
		* @private
		*/
		setScrollThreshold: function (list) {
			var threshold = list.scrollThreshold || (list.scrollThreshold={}),
				metrics   = list.metrics.pages,
				pos       = this.pagesByPosition(list),
				firstIdx  = pos.firstPage.index,
				lastIdx   = pos.lastPage.index,
				count     = this.pageCount(list)-1,
				lowerProp = list.lowerProp,
				upperProp = list.upperProp,
				fn        = upperProp == 'top'? this.height: this.width;
			// now to update the properties the scroller will use to determine
			// when we need to be notified of position changes requiring paging
			if (firstIdx === 0) {
				threshold[upperProp] = undefined;
			} else {
				threshold[upperProp] = (metrics[firstIdx][upperProp] + this.childSize(list));
			}
			if (lastIdx >= count) {
				threshold[lowerProp] = undefined;
			} else {
				threshold[lowerProp] = (metrics[lastIdx][lowerProp] - fn.call(this, list) - this.childSize(list));
			}
			if (list.usingScrollListener) {
				list.$.scroller.setScrollThreshold(threshold);
			}
		},

		/**
		* @private
		*/
		resetToPosition: function (list, px) {
			if (px >= 0 && px <= list.bufferSize) {
				var index = Math.ceil(px / this.defaultPageSize(list)),
					last  = this.pageCount(list) - 1,
					pos   = this.pagesByPosition(list);
				if (
					(px <= pos.firstPage[list.upperProp]) ||
					(px >= pos.lastPage[list.lowerProp])
				) {
					list.$.page1.index = (index = Math.min(index, last));
					list.$.page2.index = (index === last? (index-1): (index+1));
					this.refresh(list);
					list.triggerEvent('paging', {
						start: list.$.page1.start,
						end: list.$.page2.end,
						action: 'reset'
					});
				}
			}
		},
		/**
		* Handles scroll [events]{@glossary event} for the given [list]{@link enyo.DataList}.
		* The events themselves aren't helpful, as, depending on the underlying
		* `scrollStrategy`, they have varied information. This is a hefty method, but it is
		* contained to keep from calling too many [functions]{@glossary Function} whenever
		* this event is propagated.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		didScroll: function (list, event) {
			if (!list.usingScrollListener) {
				var threshold = list.scrollThreshold,
					bounds    = event.scrollBounds,
					lowerProp = list.lowerProp,
					upperProp = list.upperProp;
				bounds[upperProp] = this.getScrollPosition(list);
				if (bounds.xDir === 1 || bounds.yDir === 1) {
					if (!isNaN(threshold[lowerProp]) && (bounds[upperProp] >= threshold[lowerProp])) {
						this.scrollHandler(list, bounds);
					}
				} else if (bounds.yDir === -1 || bounds.xDir === -1) {
					if (!isNaN(threshold[upperProp]) && (bounds[upperProp] <= threshold[upperProp])) {
						this.scrollHandler(list, bounds);
					}
				}
			}
		},

		/**
		* The delegate's `resize` event handler.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		didResize: function (list) {
			var prev = list.boundsCache;

			list._updateBounds = true;
			this.updateBounds(list);

			// if no change it the viewport then we didn't update anything size-wise
			// and do not need to refresh at all
			if (
				prev.left   === list.boundsCache.left  &&
				prev.top    === list.boundsCache.top   &&
				prev.width  === list.boundsCache.width &&
				prev.height === list.boundsCache.height
			) {
				return;
			}

			this.refresh(list);
		},

		/**
		* Returns the height for the given [list]{@link enyo.DataList}. This value
		* is cached and reused until the list is resized.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		height: function (list) {
			if (list._updateBounds) { this.updateBounds(list); }
			return list.boundsCache.height;
		},

		/**
		* Returns the width for the given [list]{@link enyo.DataList}. This value
		* is cached and reused until the list is resized.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		width: function (list) {
			if (list._updateBounds) { this.updateBounds(list); }
			return list.boundsCache.width;
		},

		/**
		* Updates the cached values for the sizing of the given list.
		*
		* @private
		*/
		updateBounds: function (list) {
			list.boundsCache    = list.getBounds();
			list._updatedBounds = enyo.perfNow();
			list._updateBounds  = false;
		}
	};

})(enyo, this);


Recent family business research has focused on transgenerational intent (TI)-the plan to pass management of the business to future generations-as a defining characteristic of family firms. We theorize that TI is influenced by the current leader's consideration of factors related to three subsystems (business, ownership, and family) that underlie the family business system. Specifically, we hypothesize that characteristics of the business (the age and size of the firm), the owners (gender and minority status), and the family, specifically the family's engagement in the firm (time until succession and the family's role in advising the CEO) influence the current leader's TI. Results based on a survey of over 700 family-managed firms are largely supportive of our hypotheses. Understanding what affects TI will help advance researchers' efforts to develop a theory of the family firm.
Key Words: family business, female, minority, succession, transgeneration.
Family firms are influential and unique in the business world. The 5.5 million family firms in the United States account for 63% of employment and 57% of GDP and create 75% of all new jobs (Kinkade, 2011). In addition to being important to national economies, family firms must not only satisfy numerous stakeholders such as employees, customers, suppliers, and the local communities in which they operate, but they also must deal with family issues and relationships (Chrisman, Chua, Pearson, & Barnett, 2012; Gómez-Mejía, Cruz, Berrone, & De Castro, 2011). For the family members involved in family firms, the business is not only the family's primary source of current income but also a major source of long-term wealth, both financial and socioemotional (e.g., ability to help family members, perpetuation of family values, and social capital; Gómez-Mejía, Haynes, Nunez-Nickel, Jacobson, & MoyanoFuentes, 2007). When the family business suffers, so does the family's current and future economic security.
We define family firms where the business is family managed and where there exist intentions to transfer management of the business within the family (Chua, Chrisman, & Sharma, 1999). Family management is a necessary but not sufficient characteristic of a family firm (Chua et al., 1999). It is the desire to pass the firm along to others in the family that defines the essence of the family firm. As noted by Wright and Kellermanns (2011), "Family firms are generally linked by the desire for transgenerational intentions" (p. 188). In other words, family management and the intent to transfer management of the business within the family represent two essential characteristics that define family firms. Thus, family firms are a subset of family-managed firms. A key implication is that family firms must consider not only how to manage the business, but also how to transfer management within the family (Chua et al., 1999).
We focus on the plan to pass management of the business to future generations, which we call transgenerational intent (TI), for three reasons. First, by planning to pass management of the family business within the family, the family can accrue both broad classes of benefits available to family firms: financial and socioemotional (e.g., perpetuation of family values; GómezMejía et al., 2007). Some families may maintain ownership of the firm but give management roles to outsiders (Chua et al., 1999). Passing ownership, but not management, of the family firm to other family members maintains the potential for financial wealth but does not allow the family to accrue socioemotional wealth associated with the firm (Zellweger, Kellermanns, Chrisman, & Chua, 2012). Thus, TI is important because it describes the firm's long-term economic and socioemotional value to the family (Chrisman et al., 2012).
Publication information: Article title: Passing the Torch: Factors Influencing Transgenerational Intent in Family Firms. Contributors: Williams, David W. - Author, Zorn, Michelle L. - Author, Crook, T. Russell - Author, Combs, James G. - Author. Journal title: Family Relations. Volume: 62. Issue: 3 Publication date: July 2013. Page number: 415+. © National Council on Family Relations. Provided by ProQuest LLC. All Rights Reserved.


I am not able to get CreateFile2 to create a file in the ApplicationData folder. Is this possible with CreateFile2()?
GetLastError() returns 87 "The parameter is incorrect."
Opening it for read only as in below, it's fine.
I'm not sure why your code get "The parameter is incorrect", let's say if you run the code in a Desktop app, will the same error message shown to you?


Birabuto Kingdom is the first level on Super Mario Land. Set in Sarasa Land, it is a standard level with platforms and enemies.
There are three parts to this world, all of which are similar, except the Easton theme plays during World 1-3.
Enemies found here are Chibibos, Nokobons, Kumos, Flies, Bunbuns, Pakkun Flowers, and Gaos.
At the end of World 1-3, Mario must fight King Totomesu, a giant Gao, and defeat him. In the room after him is a fake Princess Daisy, really a common enemy in disguise, which runs off.


Mr. Mike Here with a semi short gameplay video of me playing New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe on the Nintendo Switch! Watch me Epic fail over and over again in my attempt to advance through each world level playing as Mario! This game is amazing , looks great just as it plays! Let's a Play!.........ENJOY!!


text:
Research Centre Membership
Ni3 End Violence Project Team
Ni3 GCRF Project Team
International Advisory Group
Minha amiga Ana – Jogo do Brasil
My Friend Ana – Brazil Game
Jesse – Barbados & Grenada Game
Anju – India Game
Gabrielle – Jamaica Game
Peace – Uganda Game
Danielle – UK Game
Ni3 Newsletter Issue #1
Barbados and Grenada
Brasil – Centro de Políticas
Supporters – Brazil
Supporters – India
Supporters – Jamaica
Supporters – Uganda
Supporters – UK
International Advisory Group Profile
Adv. Veena Gowda
Veena Gowda is a women's rights lawyer who has been practising in the High Court of Bombay, Family Court and other trial courts for more than two decades. A graduate of the prestigious National Law School of India University, Bangalore, she began her career in 1995 with a Mumbai-based legal aid centre for women. By 2005, she had established an independent practice, and has since secured justice for hundreds of women in cases of domestic violence, sexual harassment in the workplace, sexual abuse, and property rights cases. She currently heads a team of lawyers working exclusively on women's legal rights. Her counsel on issues concerning violence against women is sought by various NGOs and women's rights organisations.
Over the years, she has represented women in challenging discriminatory provisions in law including the Indian Divorce Act, 1869, and The Bombay Police Act, 1951. She has also intervened in public interest litigation situating concerns of custodial mothers in matrimonial litigation as well as on behalf of women and organisations/institutions working on women's rights.
Veena has served on committees set up by the Maharashtra State Commission for Women and the Jawaharlal Nehru Architecture and Fine Arts University. She has also been invited to the National Law School of India University and National Judicial Academy, Bhopal to conduct sessions in training workshops on Gender and Law. She conducts training on laws concerning sexual harassment in the workplace for the Mumbai Police, NGOs, Universities, senior management and employees of various companies.
She has served on several Sexual Harassment Complaints Committees in the public sector and private sector. In this role not only has she conducted enquiries, but also facilitated/organised training, advised companies on their Sexual Harassment Policy and carried out inspections on the working conditions of women employees.
She brings with her, her extensive experience of legal advocacy and litigation support for women, public campaigns against discriminatory laws, and legal awareness training programmes.
Copyright Ⓒ 2016-21 All Rights Reserved


text:
Kevin Edward Watson (born 3 January 1974) is a former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. After his retirement from playing, he turned non-league coach.

Playing career
Watson started his career as a trainee with his local side Tottenham Hotspur. Watson scored his only Spurs goal on his debut in a League Cup tie against Brentford. As a youngster his first-team opportunities were limited and he went out on loan to several sides to build his experience, namely Brentford, Bristol City and Barnet.

In 1996, he was signed by Swindon Town manager Steve McMahon. Newly promoted to second tier of the English Football League – Watson helped them avoid relegation.

Watson moved on to Rotherham United in July 1999, astute Millers' manager Ronnie Moore signing him on a free transfer. In his first season Watson helped Rotherham to promotion from League Two, narrowly missing out on the title.

Another promotion (and another title near miss) followed in the next season and Rotherham were promoted again into the Football League Championship. A key part of their rapid acceleration, Watson helped guide the team to survival by the narrowest of goal-difference margins.

After over 100 games at Rotherham his knack for promotions was spotted by then Reading manager Alan Pardew who at first, took Watson on loan before signing him permanently in March 2002 for £150,000 – where he promptly repeated the trick, guiding the Royals to promotion from League One, in his now customary second place.

His first full season at Reading saw the Royals into a play-off place, where narrow defeat to Wolves cost them a place in the Premiership. Perhaps tellingly Watson was on the bench for those key play-off games.

When former teammate Phil Parkinson was installed as manager at Colchester United one of his first acts was to bring Watson to Layer Road.

Marshalling the midfield Watson played a key role as in his (and Parkinson's) first full season the U's stormed to promotion from League One, finishing in second place.

Now with over 100 games for the U's under his belt he has been a key part of "The Best Col U ever" as the underdog U's finished their first season in the Football League Championship in 10th place.

He was released by Colchester at the end of the 2007–08 season, and then signed on a free transfer for Luton Town. However, Watson failed to make an impact at Luton as a result of a knee injury that kept him out of action for much of his contract duration, and he was released at the end of 2008.

In 2015 whilst assistant manager of Stevenage, Watson alongside Stevenage manager Teddy Sheringham registered as players.

Coaching career
After his release from a playing contract at Luton, Watson was given the position of first-team coach by Luton manager Mick Harford on 14 January 2009. After Harford's departure on 1 October 2009, Watson continued in his coaching capacity under new boss Richard Money until May 2010, when he left the club.

Following the departure of Aidy Boothroyd from Colchester United to take the manager's job at Coventry City on 20 May 2010, Watson expressed an interest in taking up the vacant managerial position at his former club.

In May 2015 he was appointed manager of Maldon & Tiptree However, Watson left the club after only eleven days to take up the position of assistant manager to Teddy Sheringham at Stevenage. He left his position in February after Teddy Sheringham's departure. From July 2015 to November 2015, he worked at the academy of Colchester United.

In August 2016, Watson was appointed assistant manager at Eastleigh. In January 2017 he was appointed to the same position at Whitehawk but left the club after just two games, following a change of manager. In March 2017 he was appointed manager of Bishop's Stortford. He left the club at the end of the 2017–18 season.

On 28 June 2018, Watson was appointed assistant manager of Hungerford Town. He left the club on 2 October to join Ebbsfleet United as a first-team coach. However, only eight days later, he was appointed caretaker after manager Gary Hill's departure. After a three-game unbeaten run the club confirmed, that Watson had been appointed to the manager's job on a permanent basis.

The club was beaten in the heaviest defeat in 27 years, 7–0 by Barrow on 4 January and also crashed out of the FA Trophy to lower league opponents Royston. Other heavy losses such as a 4–0 drubbing at Chesterfield away ultimately saw the club relegated out of the National League and Watson sacked.

On 7 January 2021, Watson was announced as the new manager of National League South side Billericay Town.

On 5 October 2021, Watson was sacked by Billericay after Watson led them to one win and one draw from eight matches to start the season.

Personal life
Watson has been involved in greyhound racing, pairing up with Tottenham Hotspur teammate Stuart Nethercott to buy Elegant Brandy, who won the 1995 Grand National.

Honours
Rotherham United
 Football League Division Three runner-up: 1999–2000
 Football League Division Two runner-up: 2000–01

Reading
 Football League Division Two runner-up: 2001–02

Colchester United
 Football League One runner-up: 2005–06

References

External links
Kevin Watson profile at cu-fc.co.uk
Kevin Watson profile at readingfc.co.uk

1974 births
Living people
Footballers from the London Borough of Hackney
English footballers
Association football midfielders
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players
Brentford F.C. players
Bristol City F.C. players
Barnet F.C. players
Swindon Town F.C. players
Rotherham United F.C. players
Reading F.C. players
Colchester United F.C. players
Luton Town F.C. players
Luton Town F.C. non-playing staff
Maldon & Tiptree F.C. managers
Premier League players
English Football League players
English football managers
Stevenage F.C. players
Stevenage F.C. non-playing staff
Bishop's Stortford F.C. managers
Ebbsfleet United F.C. managers
Billericay Town F.C. managers


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Tunnel boring machine breaks through in Kemano hydropower project milestone
KITIMAT, Canada – In a major milestone for Rio Tinto's Kemano T2 hydropower project in British Columbia, the tunnel boring machine has broken through to complete its journey.
The Kemano T2 Project is completing a second tunnel to carry water into the Kemano Powerhouse, to ensure the long-term reliability of the power supply for Rio Tinto's BC Works smelter in Kitimat.
The tunnel boring machine cut 7.6 kilometres through the rock in remote mountains over 30 months, completing the route for a 16 kilometre tunnel that was started in the early 1990s.
Kemano T2 Project Manager Alex Jones said: "This is a significant milestone towards finishing the second tunnel and securing the long term reliability of hydropower for Rio Tinto's smelter in Kitimat, which produces some of the world's lowest carbon aluminium. Boring this tunnel is a highly-skilled and technical feat that has been achieved in an extremely remote location that is only accessible by air or sea. We thank all of our partners who are supporting this important project – from our employees, to contractors, First Nations, government and community members. It will ensure our operations continue to make a significant contribution to British Columbia's economy into the future. We look forward to celebrating the completion of the project next year."
The 1,300 tonne Herrenknecht tunnel boring machine is named tl'ughus by the Cheslatta Carrier Nation after a legendary giant monster snake and is decorated with artwork by Haisla Nation students. It is 190 metres long and more than six metres in diameter.
The tunnel will be filled up with water in the middle of next year, with the project expected to be complete in the second half of 2022.
Please direct all enquiries to simon.letendre@riotinto.com
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Level 7, 360 Collins Street
Registered in Australia
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Category: BC Works