What exactly does an "executor" do?
Estate planning for parents with a child with special needs is simply having a financial plan to guide you in making your financial decisions. It involves setting a goal and adopting strategies that will help to achieve that goal.
No successful plan begins without an end in mind. Yet most estate planners never adequately address the question of what the clients' goals are for themselves or their children's day-to-day life after they are gone. For persons who are vulnerable and perhaps unable to communicate their own ideals, the need to capture this vision is even more emphatic.
One, get your clients to at least start. Even if all the answers are not readily obvious, an imperfect plan is much better than no plan. The simple act of "doing" often creates its own answers. Many clients may not have fully developed plans for all of these concepts. In some ways your legal "cart" may come before the vision "horse," but at least your clients will be started with some protection in place.
Two, even once established a plan will be an evolving process. Government programs change, people change, and goals change. The plan should change with them. It is not a failure to make continuing adjustments; it is a sign of evolution.
The parents of a child with special needs, reduced mental capacity or whose physical challenges will prevent him or her from managing his or her own affairs, will likely want to ensure that their own estate planning will address the special needs of their child. There are two aspects to this.
A Power of Attorney (or Financial Representation Agreement).
A Health Care Representation Agreement.
The establishment of a living (inter vivos) trust.
Beneficiary designations under a registered retirement savings plan (RRSP), registered retirement income fund (RRIF) or life insurance policy.
To assist the presentation of this information, it is helpful to undertand the key terms.
Essentially means a document where legal authorization is given to another person. A POA is a document that authorizes another person, called an agent or "Attorney", to act on behalf of the individual making the POA.
When a person agrees to be an Attorney, they agree to act as proxy in all business and legal matters for another individual. This means that using a POA, an individual has assigned this proxy to sign legal documents, contracts, sign checks and or even conduct real estate transactions.
An Enduring Power of Attorney, unlike a Power of Attorney, continues in effect even when the individual who made the POA loses his or her capacity.
A Representation Agreement is a legal document available to adults in British Columbia for personal planning. It allows you to authorize one or more personal supporters to be your representative to help you manage your affairs and, if necessary, to make decisions on your behalf in case of illness, injury, or disability.
A Representation Agreement is the only way you can appoint someone to assist you or to act on your behalf for health care and personal care matters. It can also cover routine financial affairs.
A trust is a legal entity created by you and administered by a trustee (who holds legal title to the property of the trust) for the benefit of your beneficiaries. Inter vivos trusts are created during your lifetime. Trusts created after death, through the use of wills for example, are called testamentary trusts. Also known as a "living trust", this trust has a duration that is commences at the trust's creation and can remain until the distribution of assets to the beneficiary during or after the trustor's lifetime.
A legal document that communicates a person's final wishes, as pertaining to possessions and dependents.
A beneficiary is defined as someone who gains an advantage and/or profits from something. In the legal and financial worlds, a beneficiary typically refers to someone who is eligible to receive distributions from a trust, will or life insurance policy. Beneficiaries are either named specifically in these documents (designated beneficiaries) or they have met the stipulations that make them eligible for whatever distribution is specified.
Each parent should appoint at least one other person as that parent's agent. If the parent is incapacitated as a result of an accident, the agent would be able to deal with the parent's financial assets and legal affairs. There best way to do this in B.C. is to create a "Power of Attorney". The individual you designate to hold your Power of Attorney is referred to as your "Attorney". The term "power of attorney" is unfortunate. The attorney is your agent, not your lawyer. You can appoint anyone to act as your agent (you do not have to appoint a lawyer).
Each parent should have at least one Attorney. For parents who are in a stable relationship, the natural choice will be each other. However, what if both parents are incapacitated a result of being in the same car accident? If you and your Attorney frequently spend time together or frequently travel together, you need to appoint an alternate Attorney who can act in case the primary Attorney cannot.
You need to be able to trust your Attorney implicitly. The Attorney will have the power to deal with all your assets at and legal affairs, primarily a time when you are incapacitated. As a result, the Attorney would be able to abuse that power. Imagine that you are paralyzed and that you are completely dependent on one other person for your survival. Who would you choose as that other person? Once you have the answer, you have the range of people who you would trust enough to act as your Attorney.
A Power of Attorney is the most broadly recognized way to appoint someone to manage your financial and legal affairs. However, if a parent does not hold the mental capacity to sign a Power of Attorney, an individual can delegate the power to manage legal affairs and routine management of financial affairs through a Representation Agreement. However, appointing power over financial affairs through a Representative Agreement is more limited than a Power of Attorney. For example, a Representative Agreement can not give authority for dealing with real estate (or real property).
If you decide to sign a Power of Attorney, you can choose to sign either a "simple Power of Attorney" or an enduring Power of Attorney. A simple Power of Attorney ceases to be effective if you become incapacitated. Incapacitated means that an individual is legally incapable of managing his or her affairs. In order for your Attorney's authority to survive your incapacity, the Power of Attorney must be an enduring Power of Attorney. In other words, it must specifically state that it survives incapacity and it must be signed in the presence of a lawyer or notary public.
It may be best to sign several originals of the Agency Document, as your Financial Agent may need to produce the original on various occasions.
If you are unable to make your own non-emergency health care decisions (for example, you are in a coma), physicians will look to the following individuals for decisions on your non-emergency health care.
Secondly, any one of your children – The health care provider can take instructions from any child who happens to be available. No statutory order of priority applies as between the children.
Anyone else related by birth or adoption.
No order of priority applies to these other persons.
This is what the law provides if you have not appointed specific individuals to make those health care decisions for you. If you want some other order of priority, you can sign a Health Care Representation Agreement and appoint some other individual to make the health care decisions that you are unable to make. For example, it may be that one of your children would not be able to make a health care decision on your behalf and that you would prefer that the physicians consult only one specific child or a specific group of children.
The person you appoint needs to have a good sense of what your wish would be in the specific situation at hand. While you could prepare a set of written guidelines, it is more important that you personally discuss this difficult topic with your representative. If the representative has to make a difficult decision, it will be much easier if the representative has had the chance to discuss end-of-life matters with you.
If you decide to leave some written guidelines for the representative, remember to review and re-sign the guidelines annually (for example, each New Year's Day). There is nothing worse than being presented with guidelines that are 10 years old and have been signed only once. By signing the guidelines annually, you are letting your representative know that you have reflected more than once on the guidelines and that your view has remained consistent down through the years.
Having said this, it is important to recognize that written guidelines are merely that — guidelines. They are not legally binding and are there only for the assistance of the representative. Your representative will make a decision based on what is in the guidelines, what you told the representative during that all-important conversation, and the representative's own judgment in the context of the circumstances at hand.
There is a proposal to introduce a legally binding health care directive in which you can give binding instructions about medical procedures which can and cannot be used. If the law changes to give such documents legally binding status, think carefully before signing such a document. Remember that medical technology changes over time — what is impossible today might be possible a few years from now. Think about whether it is better to appoint a carefully-chosen individual who can make a decision based on the circumstances at hand and that individual's knowledge of you, or whether it is better to have a written instruction that cannot be second-guessed in light of new medical technology.
For more information about a Health Care Representation Agreement, refer to www.rarc.ca/textual/info-gen/rep-agreement.html.
A trustee can be appointed to manage the funds. Where parents initially manage the trust funds as trustees, alternate trustees can be chosen to succeed them as time passes.
A trust can benefit both the person with disabilities and his or her family members.
Can allow for payments out for the benefit of the person with disabilities as opposed to direct payment to him or her which facilitates payments to caregivers and care facilities as well as for many other things.
First, the choice of the trustee and alternate trustee allows for continuity over time in the management of the funds for the person with disabilities. The person with disabilities themselves can of course be the trustee if they are an adult, and their disability is not a mental capacity issue. However, in this case, they cannot be the sole trustee and the sole beneficiary of a trust and would need to have a Co-Trustee. However, if their mental capacity may deteriorate as a result of their disability, it may be possible to appoint them as an initial co-trustee with alternated appointed in the event of his or her loss of mental capacity. Where the person with disabilities is living with mental incapacity, then a trustee can be appointed with the possibility of an alternate trustee as the initial trustee ages.
If the parents operate an incorporated private business, the parents may wish to reorganize the business so as to issue shares to a family trust. This will enable the corporation to pay dividends to the family trust, which can then use the dividend income for the benefit of an adult disabled child. The income can be distributed to the child as an allowance or can be used to cover expenses of the child (such as payment of rent). If properly structured, the income will be taxed at the child's tax rate (which will often be lower than the tax rate payable by the parent). If a parent is the director of the private corporation, that parent will control whether and to what extent the trust receives dividends.
The family trust will be a living (inter vivos) trust, a trust established during an individual's lifetime (as opposed to a testamentary trust that is established on the death of the individual). A testamentary trust pays income tax at graduated rates — the rate of tax increases as income increases. In contrast, a living trust pays the top rate of income tax on each dollar of income. However, the trust can deduct income that is paid to (or used for the benefit of ) a beneficiary, in which case the beneficiary pays the tax on that income. For this reason, a living trust is usually used strictly as a flow-through vehicle. The family corporation will pay dividends to the family trust only if the trust will be immediately "flowing" that income out to a beneficiary.
The most obvious example of testamentary planning is a last will and testament. A will deals with the disposition of the assets that are owned as of the date of death, and does not become effective until death. This means that you can change your will as often as you want.
Other examples of testamentary planning are beneficiary designations in a life insurance policy, a registered retirement savings plan (RRSP), Tax Free Savings Accounts (TFSA) and a registered retirement income fund (RRIF) however, discussion of these financial tools is beyond the scope of this talk but important to involve your accountant and possibly your financial advisor as part of your Estate Planning team.
Your Will deals with assets that you own on the date of your death (except for assets that you hold as a joint tenant with someone else). In your Will, you get to specify how those assets are dealt with after your death. You can instruct that the assets be gifted to someone outright or held in trust for someone.
A trust is an arrangement under which a person (called a "Trustee") holds specific property (called "Trust Property") for the benefit of another (called the "Beneficiary"). There can be any number of Trustees and any number of Beneficiaries. Usually, the Beneficiaries are described by some common attribute (for example, "the children and other descendants of John Smith").
A trust has to be established by someone (a "Settlor" or "Trustmaker") who gifts property to the trust. If the Trustmaker gifts the property during the Trustmaker's lifetime, the trust is known as a living trust (also called an inter vivos trust). If the Trustmaker's gift occurs only on the death of the Trustmaker, the trust is known as a testamentary trust.
The trust document (usually called a Deed of Trust) will set out the specific rules that govern the trust. There is a great deal of flexibility as to the terms of the trust. If the Deed of Trust is silent on a specific point, the matter will be governed by general legal rules found in the Trustee Act. However, the Deed of Trust can make specific rules that apply only to that specific trust arrangement. For example, the trustee can be told to hold the property until the beneficiary reaches a specific age. Or the trustee can be told to hold the property until the trustee decides that the beneficiary is mature enough to receive the property.
Thought needs to be given to the exact scope of the trustee's powers. Two competing objectives often come into play. On the one hand, the Trustmaker might want to be able to set out exactly what the trustees should and should not do. On the other hand, the Trustmaker might want to give the trustees the flexibility to respond to unexpected situations (especially if the trust might last a long time).
My preference is to give very broad discretionary powers to the trustee. This means selecting a wise trustee and relying on the good judgement of that trustee to use those powers only if and to the extent necessary. The mere fact that the trustee has a power to do something does not mean that the trustee is obligated to use that power.
The professional trustee would not only lessen the burden of financial administration, they would also improve the arrangement with their objectivity. "Guardians" often make significant sacrifices to care for the person with a disability. The professional trustee is in a position to adequately judge the nature and amount of those sacrifices and provide some financial assistance. By contrast, a person who acts as both trustee and "guardian" may often find themselves questioning the conflict of interest they have between protecting the person's trust fund and compensating for their own sacrifices.
Of course, the issue of legal guardianship is only relevant while the relative is a minor. A "guardian" cannot be appointed for an adult, even if they have an incapacity (other than by way of a formal committee appointment). However, this does not mean that we should ignore the importance of having someone continue to advocate for the person.
The first preference would be to have the person with a disability participate in selecting their advocate and granting legal authority to them through a Representation Agreement. Clients can help their relative create this agreement in advance of any need for it. However, if the relative does not have the mental capacity to create even a section 7 Representative Agreement, the only other method available to gain legal authority is the court process of being appointed as the person's committee.
This process is cumbersome, expensive and does diminish most rights of the relative. Whichever method is to be used, the most important first step for clients is to establish who it is that will assume the responsibility.
There are two separate types of joint ownership: one is joint tenancy and the other is tenancy-in-common. They have very different estate planning consequences. If you own property jointly with another person, you need to know which type of joint ownership is involved. This means looking at the document that set up the joint ownership.
If you hold property with another person as a joint tenant, you have no control over what happens to that asset on your death. If you die and another joint owner survives you, your ownership interest passes automatically to the surviving joint tenant. In other words, the last joint owner — the one who outlives the others — automatically becomes the sole owner of the asset. Your Will has no relevance to the ultimate ownership of the asset, and your interest in the asset does not become part of your estate. Your portion of the asset automatically passes to the surviving joint tenant under a right of survivorship.
Spouses often hold assets as joint tenants so that the asset will pass automatically to the surviving spouse.
It is less common for a parent to hold an asset in joint tenancy with a child. This is sometimes done to avoid probate taxes in British Columbia. However, holding assets in joint tenancy with a child can lead to a host of problems that are far more significant than the payment of probate tax.
If you hold property with another person as a tenant-in-common, your interest in the property is part of your estate on death. As such, it is governed by your will. You can select who gets your share of that asset on your death by putting appropriate language in your will.
Example: Assume that each of you and another person (call that other person X) are joint owners of a parcel of real estate. Each of you has a 50% interest. Assume that you die before X does. If you and X are joint tenants, X becomes the sole owner of the property on your death. However, If you and X are tenants-in-common, your 50% interest passes under your will. X then becomes a co-owner with your heirs.
You may wish to consider establishing a testamentary trust as part of your testamentary planning. You can establish a testamentary trust in most types of testamentary documents: your will, an RRSP/RRIF beneficiary designation, or a life insurance beneficiary designation.
You cannot establish a testamentary trust in respect of property that you hold as a joint tenant, because that property passes automatically to the surviving joint tenant.
If property is held in a trust, a person (the Trustee) controls and manages the property (the Trust Property) for the benefit of one or more persons (the Beneficiaries). This can have advantages if there is a concern that the Beneficiary might not be able to manage the property wisely.
There may also be income tax advantages but discussion of tax implications is beyond the scope of this discussion. It's always important to discuss your estate planning with your accountant and/or a tax specialist.
How long can a Trust last?
You will sometimes hear that a trust can last no more than 21 years. This is a common misconception that arises because of an income tax rule. Under this income tax rule, a trust is deemed to dispose of its assets every 21 years for fair market value proceeds.
If trust assets have increased in value since the trust last acquired the assets, the trust may have to pay capital gains tax on that increased value as a result of the deemed disposition. However, the trust can simply pay that tax and carry on. If the trust has no capital gains (perhaps the trust is not investing in stocks), the deemed disposition of assets will not result in any need to pay tax. This is merely a tax rule that has to be dealt with every 21 years. Provided that the trustee has a plan to deal with any tax that arises as a result of the deemed disposition, there is no reason to terminate the trust prior to a deemed disposition anniversary.
In most provinces, the law requires that a trust terminate by the 21st anniversary of the death of the last beneficiary who was alive at the time that the trust was created.
This is completely different from the tax rule under which a trust is deemed to dispose of its assets every 21 years for capital gains tax purposes. Both rules use the number 21, but the similarity ends there.
In determining the maximum length of time that the trust exists, identify all the beneficiaries who were living at the time that the trust was created. Wait until the death of the last of that group of beneficiaries. The trust must terminate within 21 years of that last death. Given that healthy adult individuals can live into their 80's and 90's, a trust could last well over a hundred years in some circumstances.
The above rule applies to both living and testamentary trusts. The only difference is the date on which the trust starts. A living trust is a trust that is established during somebody's lifetime, so the date to identify the group of beneficiaries is the date on which the first person contributes the first item of property to the trust. A testamentary trust is one that comes into existence on someone's death (for example, the trust is created by the last will and testament of the deceased person). In this case, you need to identify the group of beneficiaries living at the date of that person's death.
If a testamentary trust is established, the trustee can elect to have some income taxed as income of the trust and to have the rest of the income taxed as income of the child (regardless of the age of the child). In other words, the trustee can "mix and match" in order to achieve the best income tax result for the child. If the trust is properly structured for flexibility, that "mixing and matching" can change from year to year to consistently get the best overall tax result for the child.
For example, assume that the after-tax value of the estate is $500,000 and that this amount is invested at a 5% rate of return (annual income of $25,000).
If the $25,000 in income were all taxed at the top rate, the total tax payable would be about $10,925 per year.
Instead, assume that the $25,000 is earned by a testamentary trust. The applicable tax would then be all at the lowest of the marginal rates (i.e. 22% for a British Columbia resident). As a result, the total tax on the $25,000 of income would be about $5,500 (a saving of $5,425 per year). Over 20 years, this tax savings would be equal to $108,500.
The above example assumes that the trust distributes all its after-tax income. If the after-tax income were reinvested by the trust so as to earn even more income inside the trust, the tax savings would be correspondingly larger. The actual amount of the annual tax savings will depend on the rate of return for the investments and the rate that would have applied if the investments had been held directly by the child.
There is no need to hire a trust company or other professional to act as trustee. Any individual in whom you have confidence can act as a trustee. The trustee is your surrogate and is there to make the decisions that you would have made in the circumstances. As a result, the chief qualification of the trustee is sound judgment and an understanding of how you would handle different situations. The trustee can always hire professional assistance to deal with investments, the filing of tax returns, and other matters that require specific knowledge.
Given that the trust may exist for a considerable period of time, it is best to build as much flexibility as possible into the trust documents. Much can be left to the discretion of the trustee.
If a disabled child is eligible for provincial income assistance that depends on the child's income level, having assets held in fully discretionary trust for the benefit of that child can keep the child's income low and preserve access to the income-tested benefits. This form of fully discretionary trust is sometimes referred to as a "Henson Trust".
If the parent's assets include shares of a private corporation, and if the private corporation will continue to produce income beyond the parent's death, the shares of the corporation could be structured so as to allow income to be paid to a testamentary trust for the disabled child (even during the lifetime of a surviving spouse).
Your will governs the assets in your estate (not assets that are held as a joint tenant).
In many cases, one spouse leaves all assets to the surviving spouse. However, it might be worthwhile considering whether to leave assets to a testamentary spousal trust. Leaving assets to a testamentary spousal trust can have the following advantages.
As is the case when assets are left directly to a surviving spouse, capital gains tax on the assets is deferred until the death of the surviving spouse.
Assets in the trust do not belong to the surviving spouse. Accordingly, you can specify what happens to the assets on the death of the surviving spouse (the assets are not governed by the will of the surviving spouse). This can be important in the case of a blended family.
The spousal trust can guard against hiccoughs in the estate plan. For example, the surviving spouse might remarry. However, marriage invalidates an existing will. If the surviving spouse neglects to redo a will after the remarriage, the surviving spouse could die intestate (without a valid will). If the surviving spouse dies without a valid will, assets that were intended for the children might go to the new spouse.
Income earned by a testamentary spousal trust can be taxed as income of the spouse or as income of the trust. Since a testamentary trust is taxed as a separate individual, the trust pays tax at its own set of graduated rates. This can result in the payment of less tax than if the income were simply added to the income of the spouse. In a testamentary spousal trust, all the trust income must be payable to the surviving spouse for the remainder of the spouse's lifetime. However, the trustee will be able to elect to have income taxed in the trust if that produces income tax savings. The trustee can have a discretionary power to use capital for the benefit of the surviving spouse or can be instructed to retain capital for the benefit of the children.
While the surviving spouse must be the sole beneficiary during the lifetime of the surviving spouse, other beneficiaries (e.g., children) can be named as beneficiaries effective on the death of the surviving spouse. At this point, the trust could be collapsed or kept in existence for the benefit of the children.
If you have a child with a disability, the need to plan for your future, as well as your child's, is important and the time to plan is now! The reality is that something could happen at any moment to leave you or your child at risk. It could be your death, or a chronic or debilitating illness or catastrophic injury that impairs your ability to care for yourself and your child. These events cause emotional and often financial hardship, so why not create a plan now while you can be clear-headed and thorough? Planning early may seem expensive upfront but will save a lot of money in the long run. Planning gives everyone peace of mind: you, your friends, your family, and your child.
Planning ahead seems daunting – but if you take it step by step, it is really not so bad! First you organize, then you decide what you want, and then you sign the appropriate documents.
Below are some specific strategies for gathering and keeping the information you need to make a thorough plan. If you don't gather this information, it can take weeks if not months for someone else to make sense of your organizational system (or lack of a system). Some of this information you need to make a plan and some of this information you will have only after your plan is adopted. The point is to get organized enough to make a plan – and then keep the information in one place for future reference. If you keep these key pieces of information handy, there is a greater chance your plan will be followed.
Step One-Creating the Receptacle: Get a file cabinet and folders, or an accordion-type folder that you can label. If you are more comfortable with computer folders and files, set this up on your personal computer. If you choose the digital route, keep the information secure but make sure to let someone know your usernames and passwords so that the information is accessible. There should be one file for your information and one file for your child's.
Step Two-Important Personal Information: Create a document with all of your and your child's personal information (name, nicknames, date and place of birth, phone numbers, Social Security number, Medicare number, addresses, etc.). You should also keep a separate folder with copies of birth certificates, military service records, deeds, insurance policies, stock certificates, spouse's death certificate, marriage certificates, social security cards, automobile titles, divorce decrees, usernames, and passwords.
Step Three-Emergency Contacts: Create a document for emergency contacts for you and your child. Include contact information for your spouse, partner, significant other, children, siblings, and parents. If you have trusted service people who help with the home or lawn, these names and numbers should be included here. For your child you should have the name of the person you want to care for your child in case of an emergency.
Step Four-Medical Providers and History: Create a document for you and for your child with a list of medical providers and medical history. This list should include the names and numbers for primary care providers and specialists, medications, allergies, significant family history, insurance companies and policy numbers, your employer retiree coverage, health insurance, and any Medicaid or Medicare information. If you have prepaid your or your child's funeral or burial, keep this information here as well. If your child is still in school, include information about his or her individual education plan and counselors at the school who work with your child.
Step Five-Financial Information: Create a chart for financial information. This includes the gross and net amount of each source of income (employment, social security, supplemental security income, etc.) and current value of each asset, the death benefit (if any), and all beneficiary designations associated with the asset. Include on the chart policy numbers and contact information, the name of any financial advisors you work with, a copy of your most recent tax statement, and a section on recurring bills, including whether the bill is paid on-line or by an automated payment. For your child, you should include all information concerning his or her representative payee accounts and special needs trust accounts. Copies of statements should be kept in the file cabinet or scanned in and stored on line.
Step Six-Legal Information and Documents: Collect any legal information you already have, such as the names and numbers for attorneys, health care agents, attorneys-in-fact, beneficiaries, trustees, and personal representatives. Make sure to also collect a copy of your will, health care directive, and power of attorney.
Step Seven-Accounts and Passwords: If you use on-line banking or bill-pay, or have any other accounts (email, Facebook, photo storage, etc.), collect a list of usernames, passwords, and answers to security questions to these accounts. Keep these in a secure place and make sure someone you trust knows where to find them! Make sure you have log-in and password information for internet accounts and sites your child may be using.
Step Eight-Letter of Intent: As a parent of a child with disabilities, you will also need to create a letter of intent. An upcoming issue of The Voice will discuss in more detail the importance of a letter of intent.
If these organizational tasks seem daunting, tackle them one at a time, and enlist a friend, family member, or financial advisor to help. You want this information to be protected yet accessible. Consider keeping the folder in a locked safe or file cabinet, a safety deposit box, or in a password-protected space on your computer. Then, let the important people in your life know how to access this information.
Step Nine-Future Planning for Your Child: How do you want to provide for your child with disabilities if you die or are too ill to provide the care? You can't make any plans if you don't have any idea what you want. If it's too difficult to think about your own death or loss of capacity, there are two ways to combat this: 1) consider what you don't want (I don't want my children to have to decide if I should be kept on life support if I am dying), and 2) consider what you would not want to have to do for someone else. For example, would it break your heart to have to figure out where your friend's children would live if your friend died? By not planning for your own future, these are the kinds of decisions other people will have to make for you and your child if you are no longer able. Take some time to consider these issues, talk with friends and family, and pause and then come back to it if it becomes overwhelming. Remember that as a parent of a child with a disability, your planning will ensure that he or she will be cared for in the best way possible when you are no longer able to do so.
Step Ten-Meeting with a Special Needs Attorney: Meet with an attorney. Not only can an attorney draft the necessary documents for expressing how you want your property, finances, health care, and care of your children handled following your death and/or incapacity, but your attorney can also help you set up financial strategies, such as trusts, to ensure that your child with a disability can continue to maintain a quality life when you are gone. Make sure this attorney is familiar with Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, and Supplemental Security Income (SSI) and the unique challenges that a disability brings to the estate planning process.
Informal Arrangements for Finances: You can ask a trusted friend, or relative, or hire someone on a part-time or one-time basis to help manage your money and property. You could rely on automatic banking, direct deposit, or naming someone on your bank accounts to allow him or her to sign checks, pay bills, and transfer money between accounts. If you are the representative payee for your child's Social Security benefits you cannot formally name someone to fill this role should something happen to you, but you can include your preference in your letter of intent (see Step Eight, above). Most important, you should think about potential representative payees for your child's Social Security benefits and approach those individuals to see if they are willing to assume that role if needed.
Power of Attorney to Manage Finances. A power of attorney is a written document that appoints someone to handle financial matters in whatever way you spell out. For instance, the person you appoint could pay your bills, manage your bank accounts, and make sure that you are getting your income. Make sure you get a durable power of attorney, that is, one that continues to be effective after you lose capacity. The person you name as your attorney-in-fact or agent should be someone you trust, as you are giving this person an immense amount of power over you and your finances. If your child is disabled but has capacity (i.e., the child can manage his or her own affairs), then at 18 the child should also execute a power of attorney to appoint an agent to help with financial decisions if needed.
Advance Health Care Directives. A health care directive is a written document in which you name someone to make decisions about your care. By putting your health care wishes in writing, you give your family and loved ones a gift: they will know your health care preferences and to whom you choose to make decisions for you. Some states provide standard forms for powers of attorney for health care which you can use to nominate agents to manage your health care for you.
DNR/DNI/DNH. You may also choose to limit the scope of emergency medical care, through a "do not resuscitate/do not intubate/do not hospitalize" directive by you to your physician. Because of the limited scope of this directive, a health care directive should be completed as well.
Step Twelve-Your Child's Conservatorship or Guardianship: Review your child's conservatorship or guardianship. A conservatorship or guardianship is a court proceeding to designate a person to handle the financial or health care decisions for an incapacitated person. If your child has a guardianship or conservatorship, you should identify who should succeed you if you are no longer able to serve. Your state may have a procedure for you to designate your preference for who should replace you if needed. If you do not have a guardianship or conservatorship for your child but believe it may be needed after your death, you should discuss this with your attorney and get advice on the steps to take to be sure your child will be protected. Your planning should include identifying possible guardians or conservators if needed for your child and making sure those individuals understand the steps they will need to take to have the court appoint them for that role.
Step Thirteen-Decisions and Arrangements upon Death: Determine what arrangements should be made for you or your child at death.
Organ and Tissue Donation. To most people's surprise, organ and tissue donation can be valuable no matter what the age of the donor! There are multiple ways you express your wishes to donate or not, which include: through your health care directive, driver's license, written statement, or donor registry. Unless you expressly state that you do NOT want to donate organ or tissue upon your death, your health care agent or relatives (in order of preference) can make the decision to donate your organs at the time of your death. A parent may consent to the donation of a minor child's organs.
Funeral Planning. In many states, you may name the person who you want to be in charge in a health care directive, or you can fill out an advance funeral directive. The funeral directive gives the person you name the power to make funeral arrangements, and can be helpful if you believe that people in your life may disagree about how to carry out your wishes regarding your funeral and the disposition of your body after death. You can prepay funeral expenses for both you and your child. If your adult child does not have the capacity to make his or her own funeral arrangements, you will need to see what steps your state laws provides for how a parent or guardian can make those arrangements in advance.
Step Fourteen-Your Own Estate Plan and Child's Special Needs Trust: Have your attorney prepare a will or revocable trust that specifies what will happen to your property at your death. This document directs what portion of your estate should go to your child. Because Medicaid and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program impose special rules about how much money a person with disabilities can have to remain eligible, your estate plan may include a special needs trusts (SNT). A SNT can ensure a quality life for the child without affecting your child's ability to continue to receive Medicaid and SSI, as long as the trust is drafted and administered properly. If you have specific goals or preferences for how your child should be cared for after your death, they can be specified in your will or living trust.
Step Fifteen-Updating Your Plan: Remember that planning for the future is a process, not a one-time task. As circumstances change for you and your child, you will need to revisit your plan. Sometimes this will mean updating your documents on your own, but usually you will need an attorney to guide you. You should update your information every year.
Consulting with an attorney who is familiar with special needs trusts and disability benefits will help ensure that you have done everything possible to provide for your child with disabilities.
The above 15 steps are not easy, but they will bring you peace of mind knowing that you have planned in advance for the time when you may no longer be able to manage your own or your child's financial and health care matters.
Write a Letter of Intent.
In addition to legal planning, parents with children with special needs are also encouraged to consider preparing a letter of intent. If you were to suddenly die or become incapacitated, that alone would be traumatic for your child. The last thing he would need would be for his own medical needs, routines, and daily life to be thrown into upheaval as well. You can guard against that by writing a Letter of Intent, providing your child's guardians with practical information to guide them in making decisions and interacting with your child.
A Letter of Intent is a letter that will act as a guideline for the caretakers of your child with special needs after your death. The letter includes a wide range of information including contact information for doctors, teachers, and other professionals. The letter also contains the likes and dislikes of your child as well as any other information that you believe is important for the caretakers to know about your child. This letter should be updated on an annual basis and kept with your other important documents.
PLAN also put out a monthly ezine (e-newsletter) with stories, advice and articles relating to disability and they work with government and law makers to change policies and laws that effect people with disabilities.
The information provided above is for educational purposes only. This information is not intended to replace the advice of a lawyer or address specific situations. Your personal situation should be discussed with a lawyer. If you have any questions or concerns, contact a legal professional.


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Directors/Coaches Bios
Tad George
Tad George is the former head coach of Mariemont High School, where from 2002-2011 he lead the Warriors to 4 state final fours, 3 state finals appearances, and a state championship in 2007. Selected as the Ohio High School Coach of the Year in 2003, he amassed a record of 116-62 (.652) and had multiple players selected as All-Americans during his tenure at Mariemont. As a player, Coach George played 10 years of post-high school men's club lacrosse for the Cincinnati men's team. He was an integral part of the men's post-collegiate squad that won the Midwest league title in 2004, notable for the fact it was the first time a non-Columbus or non-Chicago-area team has ever won the championship (before or since). Coach George was a stand-out player at Moeller High for Hall of Fame coach Tom Kennedy, playing in three state title games. Selected captain his senior year, he helped lead his team to a state title and a Midwest tournament championship in 1992. Since moving to Loveland, Coach George came to the program assisting at the youth level and now has been leading the middle school Tiger program since 2019.
Wally Petry
Loveland Middle School Boys Lacrosse is excited to announce Wally Petry (Nyak/Salisbury) will be joining the middle school boy's lacrosse team as an assistant coach on Tad George's staff for the spring 2020 season. Coach Petry brings a wealth of lacrosse knowledge to the program that includes high-level playing, coaching and officiating in both box and field lacrosse.
As an official, Wally has been a long-time leader in the Ohio/Midwest lacrosse community at multiple levels including youth, high school and college for both field and box lacrosse. A US Lacrosse/OHSAA-certified high school field lacrosse official for the last 17 years, and a NCAA college official since 2009, Petry served 3 yrs as the Head Official of the Southern Ohio Lacrosse Officials Association (SOLOA), and 4 yrs as Director of youth officials training for SOLOA. He is a US Lacrosse-certified Trainer/Observer and currently the US Lacrosse Director of Officials Development (Ohio). During his career as an official, Petry's notables working a national championship game (MCLA - DI), multiple conference championship games (Ohio River Lacrosse Conference), and semi-final and early round playoff games (NAIA, NCAA DIII). Wally is also a certified Level I USBOXLA (youth box) referee and an IBLA (men's senior box) official, and serves as Referee-in-Charge for Eastside Indoor Lacrosse League, Resolute Cincinnati box lacrosse league (USBOXLA), and the Cincinnati Outdoor Box Lacrosse League, the oldest and largest summer box league in the Midwest.
As a coach, Coach Petry spent time as head freshman coach at his alma mater Nyack (NY) High School where he lead the team to an undefeated 18-0 season.
Wally played his college ball at national power Salisbury College (NCAA DIII), and stayed active after college playing in men's leagues for the New Orleans Lacrosse Club.
A veteran of the United States Air Force, Coach Petry recently retired after a long career as an air traffic controller.
Coach Petry lives in the Anderson area and in the off-season travels extensively to various parts of the United States to hike, run and bike.
Michael Cotsonas
Michael Cotsonas is the director of the Loveland (OH) youth & middle school boys lacrosse program, recognized in 2014 by Lacrosse Magazine as the "Gold Standard for Youth Lacrosse" in Southern Ohio. Coach Cotsonas launched the Loveland youth feeder program in 2005, a system based on small-school principals of "Teach Now, Win Later", which helped drive player awards at the HS level to include All-Region/All-State/All-American, Regional Player of the Year, as well as multiple top 10 Div I Ohio HS lacrosse rankings for Loveland High. Since 2014, Loveland HS has been recognized with more All-American awards than any other public high school in Southern Ohio. In 2006, he founded the Cincinnati Outdoor Summer Box Lacrosse League, which now spans 20 teams, 225+ youth thru college/post-college players, and is the largest and oldest outdoor box lacrosse league in the Midwest. In 2008, Coach Cotsonas launched the FastStart Lacrosse program designed specifically for never played before players. In 2009, he founded the Southern Ohio Speaker Series, a program nationally recognized for bringing to Loveland high profile figures in the world of lacrosse to speak to players, parents and coaches, including Dom Starsia, John Danowski (Duke), Dave Pietramala (JHU), Joe Breschi (UNC), Lars Tiffany (Virginia), Brian Shanahan (NLL), and Chief Brad Powless (Onondaga Nation). He is an OHSAA-certified field lacrosse official, and a USBOXLA Level I & Level II box lacrosse referee. He is the founder/general manager of the Cincinnati Flying Pigs Men's Senior-level Box Lacrosse team of the nationwide Interstate Box Lacrosse Association (IBLA). He has presented at Major League Lacrosse-sponsored coaching events in the Midwest. Coach Cotsonas played high school ball at national power Lafayette (NY) HS where he is co-founded the non-profit LaFayette HS Lacrosse Alumni Association, and played collegiately at Division III Oswego State (NY). Post-college, he stayed active playing in various national/international box and field leagues and tournaments in LaFayette, Syracuse, Minnesota, Cincinnati, Louisville, Indy, Columbus and the Onondaga Nation. Coach Cotsonas retired from competitive play in 2019 after 40 consecutive seasons, and resides in Loveland with his wife Kathryn and their 5 box & field lacrosse players.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Commissioners of Port District 2 adopted a budget for 2019 when they met October 16 at Skamokawa Vista Park.
In adopting the district budget, Commissioners Lori Scott, Brian O'Connor and Lee Tischer declined to raise local property taxes the 1 percent allowed them under state law. Commissioners said anticipated revenue should cover district expenses.
"It's my opinion that we should not increase taxes," said Scott, board chair.
"I agree with that," O'Connor said, and Tischer concurred.
"And maybe there's a point where we could not collect as much taxes as we collect," Scott added.
The port's budget totals $1.058 million. The district's actual levy for 2018 is $69,541.60.
In other business, Manager Janet Bryan recommended the board approve an expenditure of $6,800 for repair of the tennis court at Vista Park by Sam Longtain Construction. Part of the fill under one corner has eroded away, leaving the area unstable and hazardous.
The cost could be higher, Bryan added, depending on what the contractor finds after beginning work. Longtain was the only firm to respond to a request for bids. The board voted to approve the expense.


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Home / INSPIRATIONAL EVENTS / Christmas Party / Christmas Party Venues in London
Christmas Party Venues in London
London at Christmas Time is a sight to behold, and you can't help but feel festive with all the lights, decorations and Christmas tunes. While the city is home to countless venues, finding the perfect one for your Christmas Party is never an easy job. Whether its your Office Christmas do or a smaller more personal festive celebration there are so many options available.
To aid you in your search our team have selected some of the best venues for Christmas Parties in London that offer a diverse range of themes, decorations and capacities. If none of venues below are what you are after then please don't hesitate to contact our team who will send you a bespoke list.
Plaisterers' Hall, EC2Y 5JU
Plaisterers' Hall is one of the London's most elegant venues and offers an extraordinary event space for Christmas parties. The venue boasts elegant and beautifully finished neoclassical décor, and has a number of spaces to hire and can accommodate up...
ST PAULS, BARBICAN, MOORGATE
Christmas at Willows Farm, AL4 0PF
This December, Willows Farm in St Albans will be transformed into an ice-cool, Après-themed wonderland.
Temporary Structure
Guildhall London, EC2V 7HH
Situated in the heart of London, the Grade I-listed Guildhall boasts grand interiors and versatile function spaces. The venue offers a spectacular backdrop for all types of events, from large conferences, award ceremonies and gala dinners to intimate private dining...
Museum venue
The HAC, EC1Y 2BQ
The HAC offers a striking backdrop for your Christmas party. This stunning 18th Century Georgian house is set in a magnificent five acre garden and has a capacity of 700 for a standing reception.
Mooregate
Finsbury Square, EC2A 1AE
Finsbury Square is a decadent marquee venue, only in situ during the Christmas period. But don't let the simple exterior fool you, this is a venue like no other with theming that will transport you back in time!
116 Pall Mall, SW1Y 5E
Christmas Parties at 116 Pall Mall
This beautiful Georgian venues is one of central London's most impressive venues and perfect for your Christmas Party. Traditional and stylish this impressive space can accommodate up to 250 seated guests. The columned entrance and grand ornate staircase are sure...
Charing cross Station
City Central at the HAC, EC1Y 4TW
Nestled in the grounds of the HAC House, City Central is an expansive event space, ideal for awards ceremonies, charity events, gala dinners and parties. Benefiting from a prime position in the heart of the City, this stunning marquee venue is only...
Landing Forty Two, EC3V 4AB
Landing Forty Two offers one of the most stunning views of London, and is a wonderful choice for your Christmas party. Celebrate in the sky and give your guests a unique viewpoint of London's beautiful Christmas lights. This venue can...
LIVERPOOL STREET, ALDGATE
Freemasons' Hall, WC2B 5AZ
Freemasons' Hall, built between 1927-1932 as a memorial to the Freemasons who died in the First World War, is one of the finest Art Deco buildings in London, earning itself a Grade II listing. Situated in the heart of Covent...
London Transport Museum, WC2E 7BB
Christmas Parties at London Transport Museum | The Collection Events
The London Transport Museum has a vibrant and modern atmosphere and is perfect to host your christmas party with a difference. Located on the famous Covent Garden piazza in the heart of London's theatre land. The main space in the museum...
Educational venue
LSO ST Luke's, EC1V 9NG
Christmas Parties at LSO St Luke's | The Collection Events
Set back from Old Street this historic building's imposing wall conceal one of London's finest event spaces. A real unique option for your Christmas Party the main hall can accommodate up to 220 guests for seated dinner or 425 for...
OLD STREET, BARBICAN
The Pavilion at the Tower of London, EC3N 4AB
The Pavilion is a magical, one-of-a-kind venue that needs no introduction. Nestled within the North Moat of the Tower of London, the Pavilion at the Tower Of London offers guests a VIP experience in an area usually closed to the...
Old Billingsgate, EC3R 6DX
For awe-inspiring architecture in an enviable location look no further than Old Billingsgate, a prestigious venue in the heart of the City. Overlooking the River Thames and South Bank this Grade II listed building offers a vast event space with...
Royal Horseguards & One Whitehall Place, SW1A 2EJ
Located in the heart of the City, just a short walk from Charing Cross station, this quintessentially British venue is the perfect backdrop for every event.
Gibson Hall, EC2N 3BA
The Main Hall is perfect for Christmas Parties, with it's classic Victorian elegance shining throughout the stunning converted banking hall. The tall marble Corinthian columns, beautiful glazed domes and stunning chandeliers forming the backdrop to a wonderful evening of festive...
Glaziers Hall, SE1 9DD
Glaziers Hall is a unique space for a corporate and private events. Located in the heart of the City, just moment away from London Bridge station. The venue benefits from spectacular of the River Thames and not to mention the...
The Ned, EC2R 8AJ
A venue like no other, The Ned is a bustling Art Deco haven in the heart of the city, featuring six Grade I-listed meeting rooms, two outdoor terraces and the gorgeous Princes Dome. The Ned is the epitome of luxury...
8 Northumberland Avenue, WC2N 5BY
8 Northumberland Avenue is renowned for it's Christmas Parties. From snow covered winter wonderlands to an Orient Express theme this versatile venue is the perfect choice for your Christmas Party. It has the capacity for up to 1,000 guests.
Cafe de Paris, W1D 6BL
An opulent event space, Café de Paris never fails to leave a lasting impression on guests. In the heart of the West End between Leicester Square and Piccadilly Circus, Café de Paris has many original features including the grand sweeping...
East Wintergarden, E14 5NX
Nestled among the iconic Canary Wharf is East Wintergarden, an architecturally striking glass dome with an abundance of natural daylight and views of the London skyline. East Wintergarden is a blank canvas venue that is the perfect space to make...
Andaz London Liverpool Street
The Andaz London has a range of versatile and unique spaces that are perfect for Christmas Parties and Festive Celebrations. From the modern Great Eastern and Gallery space to the historical grade II listed Ballroom the Andaz will have the...
Sea Containers Events, SE1 9PD
Situated at the top of the iconic Sea Containers building on the South Bank lies one of London's most versatile event venues. A short distance from the City of London, take in views of the signature London Skyline and host...
The Islington Metal Works, EC1V 1NQ
The Islington Metal Works is a unique London venue, steeped in history. Originally built in the late 19th Century the Victorian building of 30,000 sq. ft is easily accessible for events and located directly behind Angel tube station. The building...
Stationers Hall, EC4M 7DD
Stationers' Hall is a Grade I listed building, close to St Paul's Cathedral. It is one of the few ancient Livery Halls remaining in the City of London. Completed in 1673 after the Great Fire of London, the Hall's suite...
Tower Bridge Walkways, London
The Tower Bridge Walkaways spanning the North and South Towers, the award-winning high-level Walkways offer breathtaking panoramic views of London from 42 metres above the River Thames. The East Walkway offers stunning views of the Docklands, Canary Wharf and Greenwich,...
Drapers' Hall, EC2N 2DQ
Located in the heart of the City of London, Drapers' Hall provides a majestic setting for any event. On the site of the present Drapers' Hall, once part of the Augustinian Priory, Thomas Cromwell built his palace in the 1530s....
Printworks, SE16 7PJ
Printworks comprises 6-acres of private, gated land, with seven
event spaces arranged over multiple levels with a maze of corridors and office space. The venue offers over 10,600 sq.m of versatile, industrial event space with a capacity of 6,000 and a...
Canada Water
Proud Embankment
Perfect for anything from out-of-this-world parties, corporate away days or intimate dinners, Proud Embankment is a gem of a cabaret club in the West End, perfectly positioned under Waterloo Bridge with fantastic views across Embankment.
Banqueting House, SW1A 2ER
The Banqueting House is the perfect place to throw a Christmas Party. It was built in the 17th-century as an opulent setting for royal banquets, balls and masques and to this day it still creates a glittering backdrop for events....
Royal Horticultural Halls, SW1P 2QW
As one of the largest uninterrupted floor spaces in Central London, the iconic Lindley Hall is an easily accessible, Grade II listed building which is entirely flexible. The hall's stunning glass-vaulted ceiling lets in an abundance of natural light and...
Swan, Shakespeare's Globe, SE1 9DT
The Swan is located at the site of Shakespeare's Globe. It offer's two elegant and exclusive event spaces, both available for daytime and evening hire.
LONDON BRIDGE, BLACKFRIARS


Dr. Jennifer Walden was born and raised in Austin, Texas. She's had a very successful life with plenty of great opportunities due to her work. Her father worked as a well-known dentist and her mother was a successful nurse surgeon. After high school, Walden studied and graduated from the University of Texas with an undergrad degree in Biology. She then went on to earn her M.D. from the University of Texas Medical Branch as salutatorian of her entire class! Jennifer then pushed herself to pursue a career following aesthetic surgery. In fact, she obtained her fellowship from the Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital and then moved to the upper east side of New York to work for seven more years. Following 2011, Walden had already given birth to twin boys and decided she wanted to return to Austin to finally open up her own private practice.
Walden has also co-authored the textbook Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. Throughout her years, she has greatly obtained numerous awards throughout her fine work and has also been recognized as one of The Best Plastic Surgeons in America according to American Way!


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St Philip Neri's revived Confraternity fed the poor and got attacked for it. Wherein Fr. Z rants
Posted on 14 June 2022 by Fr. John Zuhlsdorf
I seek to accomplish a few things in this post. First, it is good to set the record straight, lately distorted by a minor trad site, gloria.tv. Also, repeat something I've bashed away at for years, but haven't bashed lately. Thirdly, pose a reminder about the times we live in.
This is the Oratory of the Caravita, in the clutches of the Jesuits, near to their great church Sant'Ignazio. Churches on this site have through history been in various hands and have been demolished and rebuilt. That's how Rome is.
For some years now it has been used by the far-lib English speakers in Rome who like hyper-touchy-feely liturgy on their own terms. I used to stick my head in there once in a while on a Sunday just to see what was going on and who was there. It was a who's who of that crowd, including journalists, and what was done in there … I wouldn't do with a gun to my head.
I do not for a second doubt their sincerity. I think they've been over a long time bamboozled.
In the entrance, narthex to the place one spots a painting of St. Giovanni Battista de Rossi, a magnificent saint who had epilepsy and who performed great works of corporal and spiritual mercy in Rome and was beloved, called by some another St. Philip Neri.
As his health declined and he became a well-known confessor, he relocated to Ss. Trinità dei Pellegrini, which today is Rome's official Traditional parish, and my adoptive parish, for I've known that church well since the late 80s.
San G.B. died in 1763 and was buried in a side altar of Ss. Ss. Trinità. He was beatified by Pius IX and canonized by Pope Leo XIII. Eventually his body was moved to a church given his name on the periphery of the City.
Here is the inside the Caravita Oratory. "Caravita" could be a distortion of the family name of a Jesuit who was known for his work with the poor.
The first thing you ought to notice is that the whole of the church is encircled with stalls. That's because this was a setting for activity of a Confraternity and it was a place for sacred concerts and oratories. The Oratory is dedicated to the Trinity and St. Francis Xavier.
You can tell a lot about the thinking of the people who have charge of this little oratory by this photo.
There is a body of a Blessed in the plant stand… er… altar.
Tools for Sunday. The bongo drum is not to be ignored.
Now we get to another point. As I walked in, this was still on the door of the oratory.
What's going on? For the 40oth centenary of the Canonization of Sts. Philip Neri and Francis Xavier (and other famous saints) the Confraternity found by "Pippo Bbono" Neri of Ss. Trinità dei Pellegrini sponsored a lunch, in two seatings, for poor people. The place they chose for this was within the Caravita Oratory.
And… to their everlasting credit… the Jesuits let them use the Oratory! Kudos for that, and charity covers a multitude of sins.
I remember years back when I was involved with the Chinese community in Rome that they, having no place meet outside of the church they could use, set up tables in the church so they could eat together and stay close.
At first, that rubbed me the wrong way. I quickly understood it to be the most Roman of approaches. Romanità is flexible, permeable. There are limits, but by Romanità we don't let the perfect be the enemy of the good. Would the Chinese have desired to meet elsewhere for lunch? Of course.
Would the organizers of the lunch for the poor at Caravita have preferred to hold it somewhere else? Such as in the very refectory of the complex of Ss. Trinità founded by St. Philip attached to their church? The one in the hands of another group that won't let it go even though it is really needed by the parish? Of course.
The Confraternity that is being revived at Ss. Trinità is serious about being what they were founded to do: perform works of mercy. Lots of confraternities survive in a handful of members who, a couple times in year, put their gear on and carry a banner. That's not what confraternities were for. They were for action, not show.
I've railed away over the years that those who love Tradition have to be the first ones to get involved with works of mercy in their parishes. They must be the first to volunteer and be available. Always. This is authentic Catholic identity of the finest Tridentine stamp. The confraternities, each having different apostolates, exploded in the post-Tridentine, Counter-Reformation. Members of nobility and simple laborers alike belonged side by side. They fed the poor, educated orphans, took care of widows, picked up bodies out of the Tiber River and gave them burial. This apostolic action was a direct result of the identity of the Church expressed in the Council of Trent. This is when new orders sprang up, missionaries sailed off into the blue, veneration of the Eucharist and defense of the priesthood was magnified into an entire world movement expressed in the Baroque.
And they fed the poor.
The folks at gloria.tv posted a snarky attack on the people of Ss. Trinità and their day of feeding the poor at the Caravita Oratory. They said that they desecrated the church by feeding the poor, by "turning it into a restaurant". They said, I am not making this up, that the people of Ss. Trinità and the Confraternity did this for an ignoble purpose: "La chiesa ristorante allevierà senza dubbio l'odio di Francesco e della sua fazione contro il Rito Romano…. The church restaurant will without question alleviate the hatred that Francis and his ilk have toward the Roman Rite."
Let's be clear about something. Libs control everything. When they want to feed the poor, they've got all sorts of places to do it in Rome. When traditionalists, who have virtually nothing at their disposal, want to feed the poor, they make due and get the job done.
gloria.tv owes the good people of Ss. Trinità, and its pastor whom they attacked by name, an apology.
I actually have some sympathy with their frustration and some things they post, though I don't see it very often. There are some aspects that I find a bit off-putting, including their video production values. I want things like gloria.tv to succeed in the right way and for the right reason and not just because they might appeal to anger and frustration – which we admittedly succumb to.
Here's something to think about.
By posting that nasty post about Ss. Trinità, what did gloria.tv a) hope to accomplish? b) actually accomplish?
Did they help or hurt the overarching cause that we who want our Catholic Tradition are now struggling to maintain under the cruelty of Traditionis custodes?
It seems to me that gloria.tv would do well to bring a camera or two and see what goes on at Ss. Trinità: the church packed on Sundays and feasts with young people from all over the world, young families, regular collection of groceries for a "food bank", ongoing catechesis. When dozens of people show up for Vespers on a blazing hot Sunday afternoon,… maybe something is happening.
Go to some other churches in Rome's center and see what's going on.
It is inevitable, in the face of the demographic sink-hole opening up under the Church that there are going to be declines and massive losses of numbers and properties. Eventually, only the committed will remain, charismatics, converts, traditionalists. They will have to find each other, work with each other. I find this a hopeful vision. It is realistic, too. There will be frictions, of course. But imagine Catholics committed and catechized like converts, who bring in their knowledge of Scripture from other churches and zeal of apostolic action, enthusiastic application to prayer from charismatics who now also have stronger and clearer Marian and Eucharistic devotion, and the grounding, anchoring, energizing force of Traditional Sacred Worship to provide the impetus out of which Catholic life flows and the goal back to which all things are drawn.
One of the people said, "No one has ever poured anything to drink for me."
l'Arciconfraternita ha organizzato un pranzo per i bisognosi di Roma presso l'Oratorio del Caravita. L'Arciconfraternita ringrazia i parrocchiani per il contributo mensile che ha reso possibile questo evento seguendo le orme di San Filippo Neri pic.twitter.com/ijUC0liUCI
— SS. Trinità dei Pellegrini (@fssp_roma) June 5, 2022
This entry was posted in ¡Hagan lío!, Hard-Identity Catholicism, Wherein Fr. Z Rants and tagged Caravita Oratory, Gloria TV, SS. Trinita dei Pelegrini. Bookmark the permalink.
ROME 22/6 – DAY 13: What is it with Jesuits and cubes?
"Restorers"! "Against the Council"! "MAKE IT take root"! What are they really saying?
TheCavalierHatherly says:
One of the curious features of traditionalism in the present epoch seems to be a sort of blurry historical (or rather non-historical) sense prompted by a lack of historical knowledge. In one sense, it bears a sort of stamp of lessened culpability precisely because our history was stolen from us by the modernists. On the other hand, education has perhaps never been so readily available as it is with the advent of the internet.
But on to the facts of the matter! Churches were often used, historically, for various noble enterprises; the Blessed Sacrament would be removed from the tabernacle for the occasion. Concerts are an excellent example. However, far more curious to the 21st century observer is the fact that in the middle ages, public dissections (you read that correctly) would be held by the medical faculties for the purpose of general edification inside of a church building if no other suitable building was available. (I once knew a university professor who would rail against the common trope about the Church being 'anti-science' precisely on this point)
Surely feeding the poor would qualify for such a use. But alas, we are no longer our ancestors, and have often grown out of such habits of mind.
Rod Halvorsen says:
14 June 2022 at 3:12 PM
The fact that some in the Church today want to reduce the Eucharist to a simple meal doesn't mean there isn't a place for a simple meal in the work of the Church.
If using a church is the only way those who seek to feed others can make it happen, then I see no reason to condemn it.
Matthew 25: 31 ff, etc, etc, etc…
benedetta says:
Interesting post, Father, much to think about. Kudos to that confraternity!
Sportsfan says:
Fr. Reader says:
Very interesting, thanks.
It looks like everything was done in a decent, orderly way that respected the dignity of both the people served and the church being used.
It seems like a case of necessity, much like David and his men eating the Bread of the Presence when on the run, or like Jesus' disciples eating raw grain as they walked through the fields on the Sabbath.
Historically, yes, the then-pewless naves of churches were used for a fair number of decent purposes during the week, and every so often for something stupid and wrong. That's one reason that there were clear distinctions drawn between the nave and the actual sanctuary, where the altar was.
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AMMAN — A 20-member business delegation from the Federation of Indian Export Organisations (FIEO) will arrive in Amman on Monday for a three-day visit to look into ways to further trade cooperation between the two countries.
In association with the Amman Chamber of Commerce and the Indian Embassy in Amman, the FIEO is organising B2B meetings this week in a bid to expand the two-way cooperation, according to a statement of the Indian Embassy in Amman.
During a recent meeting with representatives from the Jordan Investment Board, an embassy official said the Indian government is working to strengthen its commercial and economic relations with Jordan.
A business delegation from the Federation of Indian Export Organisations (FIEO) will explore trade opportunities in Jordan and best ways to maximise commercial ties during a visit to the Kingdom between May 26 and 28, according to an embassy statement.
Amman Chamber of Commerce (ACC) on Monday signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with the Federation of Indian Export Organisations (FIEO) to boost commercial and economic cooperation between the two sides.
Jordan Investment Commission Acting Chief Khaled Abu Rabei on Tuesday called for institutionalising investment relations between the commission and the Federation of Indian Export Organisations (FIEO).


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Five market trends in crowdfunding for development
www.nesta.org.uk/blog/five-market-trends-in-crowdfunding-for-development/
Nesta and Allied Crowds look at some of the key trends in the crowdfunding market
Lars Kroijer
Lars Kroijer is the founder and managing director of Alliedcrowds.com, a directory and aggregator of crowdfunding in the world's 132 lower and middle income countries.
As we have previously written about, there are lots of potential opportunities in using crowdfunding to support and fund projects in developing economies.
Until recently the majority of discussions and studies on crowdfunding for development have been centered around individual programmes and projects, with little research and insights on the size and dynamics within the market as a whole.
However, as the market for crowdfunding for development continues to grow, platforms are generating increasing amounts of data on loans, donations and investments made, both in terms of the transactions within developing economy markets, as well as crowdfunding campaigns channeling funds from developed to developing nations.
We teamed up with Lars Kroijer from AlliedCrowds, a data and analytics firm who aim to be the leader in information on development world crowdfunding, to explore what their data can tell us about the trends and dynamics within the crowdfunding for development market.
1. In 2015, $430 million worth of projects in developing economies were funded through crowdfunding
In 2015, Allied Crowds estimate that projects in the developing world (excluding china) raised $430 million via crowdfunding. Allied Crowds forecast that in 2016 this will increase to to $660 million, representing 53 percent growth over the previous year.
2. Donation and lending are the most popular models for developing economy projects
Donation and lending-based models dominate the developing world crowdfunding landscape, representing 43% and 38% respectively of the total amount raised in 2015. This makes up 81% of the total market. It's important to mention that much of the lending activity comes through platforms like Kiva, which charges no interest on the loans. Equity-based crowdfunding is third most popular model with 11% share of the market, followed by rewards-based campaigns (7%).
3. Asia is the most active continent and most funding was raised in India.
According to Allied Crowds data, the most active continents in terms of funds raised via crowdfunding is Asia, followed by the Americas and Africa. In 2016, Allied Crowds predict Asia will raise just under $240m, the Americas to raise over $211m, and Africa to lag slightly behind at $186m.
The countries that raised the most money in 2015 were: India ($27.8m), the Philippines ($26.9m), Nepal ($25.5m), Mexico ($24.8m), and Kenya ($19.9m). All of these countries — with the exception of Nepal — have budding crowdfunding ecosystems and could become leaders in their regions. Nepal's high total represents the outpouring of support the country received in the aftermath of the April 2015 Earthquake and its aftershocks.
4. The most popular sector is housing
Sadly, some of the biggest crowdfunding campaigns in the developing world went to the reconstruction efforts following the Nepal earthquake. The Global Giving Relief and Recovery Fund, for example, raised over $5 million on its own. Syrian refugees and migrants also benefited from campaigns raising money for housing and shelter. One of the most prominent efforts for that cause was led by Kickstarter, which raised over $1.75m for the refugees - the platform's first non-profit campaign. In total, Allied Crowds estimate housing campaigns to have raised $42.6m; health campaigns were very close behind, having raised $42.5m. Agriculture (also $42.5m), women and girls ($32.1m), and arts and culture ($31.4m) rounded out the top five categories.
5. Little activity in small states and Yemen
The countries that crowdfund the least are small states with low internet penetration rates, like Djibouti and the Solomon Islands. One country that doesn't fit this profile, however, is Yemen. The Middle East's sole Least Developed Nation by World Bank classification boasts roughly the same number of internet users as Portugal (just under 7 million), and is more populous than Australia. Despite this, Allied Crowd estimates show that crowdfunding activity in Yemen raised under $100,000 in 2015. This is quite puzzling, and it would be great to see more campaigns to benefit the Yemeni people take off in 2016.
If you are interested in finding out more about what can be learned from the AlliedCrowds data, have a look at their (free!) monthly reports on crowdfunding for development.


How to Get the Right Replacement Key Fob for a Car A couple of years back fobs were just a decorative accessory that used to put on a bunch of keys to give them a sense of personality and in most cases they represented a favourite sports team or a hobby and there were other fobs that were more utilitarian and had items like compasses, bottle openers, and small lights. In recebt times automobile makers have utilized key fobs to enable drivers to have remote access to their cars that can be used to unlock and lock the vehicle, starting the engine (in a process known as remote keyless ignition or RKI) and opening the trunk and with the help of some guidelines discussed in the guide below anyone will be able to get the right replacement key fob. ` Key fobs utilize a hopping or rolling code to give security so that thieves that have radio scanners do not just copy the frequency and the fob has various parts that include the following: transmitter's control chip, receiver's controller chip, and a pseudonym random number generator. The transmitter's control chip holds the 40-bit code, the receiver's controller chip replicates the 40-bit code that functions when the code is received and the pseudo-random number generator that can be used both as a receiver and as a transmitter to pick new codes that are synchronized between the two parts. The 40-bit codes give one trillion different combinations, and the communication system is created to get 256 incorrect codes before it begins declining the transmitter thus if the transmit button is accidentally pushed more than a mile away from the proximity of the car nothing happens.


text:
Celebrating 150 Years of Graduate Education
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These are exciting times for researchers and students in the biomedical and life sciences. Members of our Graduate Program contribute to this excitement through cutting-edge research in a wide range of disciplines of the Anatomical Sciences.
Our use of new experimental technology and modern scientific approaches allows us to make Howard University a leading research institution located in the nation's capital. The major focus of our research is in Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, Neuroscience, Evolutionary & Organismal Biology.
The Graduate Program in Anatomy is committed to making a significant contribution to science and education. Therefore, our aim is to excel in research and to deliver high quality education to our students. The Department offers graduate programs leading to the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees, in addition to training students of Medicine, Dentistry and undergraduates in the College of Pharmacy, Nursing and the Allied Health Sciences.
Modern Research Opportunities at Howard University and Washington, DC Laboratories
The Graduate Program in Anatomy is housed in the College of Medicine offers M.S. and Ph.D. degrees. A combined M.D./Ph.D.program also is available for students admitted to both the College of Medicine and the Graduate Program in Anatomy. All degree programs are offered as full-time, in-person graduate programs at our Washington, D.C. campus.
The Graduate Program in Anatomy prepares students for careers in research and teaching in the anatomical and life sciences, with emphasis on an integrative understanding of biological systems at levels ranging from the molecular to the organismal. The goal is to generate anatomists who will be competitive in the academic, industrial, and/or government job markets of the coming decades.
In keeping with the diverse nature of current approaches included within the realm of Anatomy, the Graduate Program of Anatomy transcends traditional departmental boundaries. Students in the program complete a series of core Anatomy courses and other requirements, and pursue research in the laboratory of one of the department's Graduate Faculty members. In addition, opportunities are available for collaboration with scientists in other departments at Howard University and at other universities in the local area as well as with scientists at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the National Naval Medical Center, the Smithsonian Institution, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the United States Department of Agriculture.
The philosophy of the Graduate Program in Anatomy is to provide students with ample opportunities: to explore a broad range of topics within anatomy; to develop creative and critical thinking skills; to acquire technical expertise in the latest anatomical technologies; and to learn to become articulate communicators. Students have the flexibility to design programs that address individual strengths and weaknesses as they take advantage of these opportunities. They participate in teaching, in graduate seminars, and in the departmental colloquium series.
Financial aid, in the form of graduate traineeships and fellowships, is available for many of our students.
The Graduate Program in Anatomy is part of the Howard University Graduate School 's rich tradition of academic excellence and its current master's and Ph.D. program offerings in more than 30 disciplines and approximately 100 specializations. Washington, DC, one of the world's most powerful and dynamic cities, provides an added dimension to graduate education at Howard University.
Program Concentrations
Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology
Evolutionary & Organismal Biology
Epigenetics and Aging
Evolutionary Developmental Biology
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Apply Now Request InformationView the Program Handbook
2020_8_Graduate_Handbook_Anatomy_08112020.pdf
Admission and residency in the graduate program in Anatomy and Histology are guided by the General Admission Requirement and Rules and Regulations for the Pursuit of Academic Degrees in the Graduate School. Students are strongly encouraged to consult and familiarize themselves with these rules and regulations.
Applications to the Department of Anatomy and Histology are evaluated on the following considerations:
The applicant's official transcripts.
Applicants with a B.A. or B.Sc. from an accredited university and a minimum average of 3.0 are eligible for admission into the graduate program.
Three letters of recommendation, preferably from members of the academic community familiar with the applicant's academic performance.
An autobiographical sketch and statement of purpose indicating his/her desire to join the Graduate Program of Anatomy. The Department concentrates in the following three areas (1) Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, (2) Neuroscience (3) Evolutionary & Organismal Biology.
The Graduate Record Examination (GRE) score.
Categories of Admission
Degree Student-Regular: Student who holds the required University degree(s) and who meets the department's admission criteria.
Degree Student-Provisional: A student who does not meet the requirements for regular student, but, who, on other grounds, the Committee concludes, is capable of completing a graduate program, may be accepted on a provisional basis. The student shall be limited to take 6 credits. It is recommended that most credits be taken from the core courses of the program. After completing these courses, the Graduate Studies Committee shall review the student's academic performance. The student will be notified of the final decision within four weeks. If a student is admitted as a regular student, the 6 credit hours will be applied to the student's course requirements.
Students must complete a minimum of 32 credit hours. No more than six semester hours of work may be in courses yielding thesis credit. Twenty-four of the thirty hours of course work must be taken within the Department of Anatomy. Eight hours may be taken in other disciplines. Students are also required to complete all the appropriate courses of the core program and to demonstrate proficiency in basic computer literacy (statistics).
A minimum of 72 graduate credits (34 graduate credits of coursework) and a minimum of six semesters of study beyond the Bachelor of Science degree are required. Students are also required to complete all the appropriate courses of the core program and to demonstrate proficiency in basic computer literacy (statistics).
For both programs, the M.A. and the Ph.D. program, students are required to take two mandatory Howard University seminars. The first is the English Language Proficiency and Expository Writing Program, which is an examination of writing skills. Students who pass the initial examination are not required to take the seminar. However, students who fail the exam are required to participate in further workshops. Additionally, each student must attend the Responsible Conduct of Research Workshop and submit the Certificate of Attendance in order to complete the M.A. or Ph.D. program.
The Department of Anatomy may approve transfer of credits for graduate courses earned in other graduate programs, where the grade is B or better. However, it must be the considered judgment of the Department of Anatomy that the work is relevant and meets the objectives of comparable courses. In no case may transfer credit hours exceed the limit specified in Article V., Section 5 (Master's degree) and Article VI, Section 5 (doctoral degrees) of the Graduate School's regulations. Such transfer may not be used to satisfy the residency requirement specified in Article V, Section 1A and Article VI, Section 1A and must be approved by the Graduate School.
Caution to Prospective Students
The Board of Trustees of Howard University on September 24, 1983, adopted the following policy statement regarding applications for admission: "Applicants seeking admission to Howard University are required to submit accurate and complete credentials and accurate and complete information requested by the University. Applicants who fail to do so shall be denied admission. Enrolled students who as applicants failed to submit accurate and complete credentials or accurate and complete information on their application for admission shall be subject to dismissal when the same is made known, regardless of classification."
All credentials must be sent to:
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text:
Q: Multiple DHCP NIC and local LAN - Debian, Proxmox tl;dr:
How can i get 3 NIC to route, backup/failover and communicate together?
I got a proxmox server with 3 NIC
vmbr1: company lan - dhcp (engineering department)
vmbr2: robotics network (static)
vmbr3: company lan - different subnet (business department)
Now, i'd like to offer VM over vmbr1 and vmbr3. vmbr2 has access to some robots and automation systems.
I ssh via engineering subnet to vmbr1 and have access to internet via wpa_supplicant (working only on vmbr1).
Sometimes i lose connection after restart/reload due to the bad routes and not getting dhcp offer on all.
vmbr1 and vmbr3 is bridged to my vms and port forwards to my pfsense which serves dhcp in robonet (vmbr2)
My wish would be to have mainly internet over vmbr1, and serve the vms over both interfaces.
I barely grasp the routing idea but can't see the final touch to get it running.
interfaces:
# network interface settings; autogenerated
# Please do NOT modify this file directly, unless you know what
# you're doing.
#
# If you want to manage parts of the network configuration manually,
# please utilize the 'source' or 'source-directory' directives to do
# so.
# PVE will preserve these directives, but will NOT read its network
# configuration from sourced files, so do not attempt to move any of
# the PVE managed interfaces into external files!

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

iface eno2 inet manual

auto eno1
iface eno1 inet static
        hwaddress ac:1f:6b:e9:6e:56
# zuweisung virtueller FAKE MAC um doppelte dhcp anfrage zu vermeiden

auto vmbr1
iface vmbr1 inet dhcp
        hwaddress ac:1f:6b:e9:7e:56
        wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpasupp.conf
        wpa-driver wired
        wpa-logfile /var/log/eit-wpa.log
        wpa-debug-level 2
        #pre-up /etc/network/preup.sh
        #post-down /etc/network/postdown.sh
        bridge-ports eno1

        post-up echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

        post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i vmbr1 -p tcp -m multiport ! --dport 22,8006 -j DNAT --to 192.0.0.2
        post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i vmbr1 -p udp -j DNAT --to 192.0.0.2

        post-up ip route replace default via 10.152.32.254 dev vmbr1

# eit-w1, Zuweisung der originalen NIC ENO1 MAC.
# Öffnen der Firewall für alle ports außer 22 und 8006. April2022: 80 und 443 für nginx baremetal - wurde wieder entfernt für tests (16.8.2022)
# Öffnen aller udp ports zur pfsense

auto enx00e04c680542
iface enx00e04c680542 inet manual
        altname eno3
# USB NIC für vmbr3 IRAS-W0

auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet dhcp
        hwaddress ac:1f:6b:e9:7e:73
        bridge-ports enx00e04c680542
        bridge-stp off
        bridge-fd 0
        #post-up route del default dev vmbr3
        #post-up ip route add 10.181.116.0/22 dev vmbr3 src 10.181.116.185 table irasnet
        #post-up        ip route add default via 10.181.116.254 dev vmbr3 table irasnet
        #post-up        ip rule add to 10.181.116.185/32 table irasnet
        #post-up ip rule add from 10.181.116.185/32 table irasnet
# IRAS W0 Brücke für VM ans ADS - Netzwerk. Funktioniert auch...

auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
        address 172.31.1.25/16
        bridge-ports eno2
        bridge-stp off
        bridge-fd 0
        hwaddress ac:1f:6b:e9:7f:60

# robonet, lokaler Zugriff über eno2. NAT Forwarding kommt dann über die Pfsense

auto vmbr100
iface vmbr100 inet static
        address 192.0.0.1/30
        bridge-ports none
        bridge-stp off
        bridge-fd 0
        hwaddress ac:1f:6b:e9:7f:61
        post-up   iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s '192.0.0.0/30' -o vmbr1 -j MASQUERADE
        post-down iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -s '192.0.0.0/30' -o vmbr1 -j MASQUERADE

# firenet Brücke zur Firewall und nur für Kommunikation von Server zu Firewall mit NAT und PAT

#https://linuxhint.com/debian_network_interface_setup/
#https://wiki.debian.org/NetworkConfiguration#Using_DHCP_to_automatically_configure_the_interface

Update:
Maybe my base idea is wrong - iam not sure if i should configure it via iptables and prerouting or connect the pfsense directly to campusnet (companylan). Pic1 is the goal to put out different web services and reverse proxy them with pfsense+haproxy or nginx which are hosted on this very server (myproxmox)

*

*myproxmox.campus.net/app1... (e.g. pfsense, siemens hmi)

*myproxmox.campus.net/app2...

default via 10.152.47.254 dev vmbr1
10.152.32.0/20 dev vmbr1 proto kernel scope link src 10.152.32.76
10.181.116.0/22 dev vmbr3 proto kernel scope link src 10.181.116.185
172.31.0.0/16 dev vmbr2 proto kernel scope link src 172.31.1.25
192.0.0.0/30 dev vmbr100 proto kernel scope link src 192.0.0.1

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The longer the soup simmers, the tastier it will be.
Simmer the stew for two hours.
While the sauce is simmering, boil the pasta.
Ted seemed calm, but he was simmering with excitement.
A simmer is the state of simmering.
With my stove, it's difficult to keep the soup at a simmer.
There are other meanings of simmer.


A man shot and killed last week at the Richmond BART station was identified Monday by the Contra Costa County Coroner as San Pablo resident Raymond Harris.
The 34-year-old Harris, Richmond's third homicide victim this year, was killed after 6 p.m. on Thursday at the Richmond BART station.
A second man was also shot. A 26-year-old was treated at a local hospital, and then released after sustaining non life-threatening injuries.
BART's Deputy Chief of Police, Benson Fairow, said detectives are following leads and reviewing footage from security cameras at the station.
Anyone with more information is asked to contact BART police detectives at (510) 464-7040 or call the confidential hotline at (510) 464-7011.