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(Astramorph)
Safety profile of anesthetic modalities during laser treatment for retinopathy of prematurity: a systematic review. [Review]
J Perinatol. 2023 Jan 28 [Online ahead of print]Gavriilidou A, Seliniotaki AK, … Mataftsi AJP
CONCLUSIONS: Significant heterogeneity among studies precludes direct comparisons and generalizability of the results. No specific anesthetic modality for treatment of ROP with laser photocoagulation was shown to be superior in terms of safety. Well-designed studies are required to establish the optimal anesthetic approach, considering that laser photocoagulation still remains one of the main therapeutic modalities for ROP.
Endomorphin analog ZH853 shows low reward, tolerance, and affective-motivational signs of withdrawal, while inhibiting opioid withdrawal and seeking. [Journal Article]
Neuropharmacology. 2023 Jan 25 [Online ahead of print]Amgott-Kwan AT, Zadina JEN
Currently available μ-opioid receptor agonist pharmacotherapies for opioid use disorder possess adverse effects limiting their use, and despite treatment, rates of relapse remain high. We previously showed that endomorphin analog ZH853 had no effect in rodent models that predict abuse liability in humans. Here we extended these findings by examining dependence liability and reinforcing properties…
Currently available μ-opioid receptor agonist pharmacotherapies for opioid use disorder possess adverse effects limiting their use, and despite treatment, rates of relapse remain high. We previously showed that endomorphin analog ZH853 had no effect in rodent models that predict abuse liability in humans. Here we extended these findings by examining dependence liability and reinforcing properties in female rats and male rats with previous opioid exposure. The potential use of ZH853 in managing opioid use disorder was evaluated by examining its effect on opioid-seeking behavior and withdrawal. We found that ZH853 did not induce locomotor activation in male and female mice and was not self-administered by female rats. Relative to morphine, ZH853 led to similar somatic signs of withdrawal, but low affective-motivational signs of withdrawal, and absent changes in ventral tegmental area K(+)-Cl(-) co-transporter expression associated with reward dysregulation. The low abuse liability of ZH853 was further supported in oxycodone self-administering male rats, where ZH853 substitution extinguished opioid-seeking behavior. ZH853 priming also did not reinstate morphine conditioned place preference. Lastly, ZH853 inhibited oxycodone-seeking behavior during relapse after forced abstinence and decreased the expression of morphine withdrawal. These findings suggest the potential use of ZH853 as a safer opioid medication for long-term treatment of pain and opioid use disorder.
Femoral nerve block and local instillation analgesia associated with more reliable efficacy in regional anesthesia interventions within 24 hours following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a network meta-analysis. [Journal Article]
Arthroscopy. 2023 Jan 25 [Online ahead of print]Liu H, Song X, … Zhang HA
CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis shows that FNB and LIA can significantly diminish postoperative pain and reduce opioid consumption following ACLR compared to placebo in the setting of regional anesthesia, and FSNB may be the top 1 ranked analgesic technique despite of high uncertainty.
Letter-to-the-editor, concerning the article entitled "Common opioids and stimulants in autopsy and DUID cases: A comparison of measured concentrations.". [Letter]
Forensic Sci Int. 2023 Jan 26; 344:111569.Jones AWFS
Opioid use following pelvic reconstructive surgery: a predictive calculator. [Journal Article]
Int Urogynecol J. 2023 Jan 28 [Online ahead of print]Palm KM, Abrams MK, … Roberts KIU
CONCLUSIONS: Patients undergoing surgery for pelvic floor disorders use far fewer opioids than they are prescribed.
Modulation of the inflammatory response by pre-emptive administration of IMT504 reduces postoperative pain in rats and has opioid-sparing effects. [Journal Article]
J Pain. 2023 Jan 24 [Online ahead of print]Rubione J, Scrascini SM, … Brumovsky PRJP
Despite the available knowledge on underlying mechanisms and the development of several therapeutic strategies, optimal management of postoperative pain remains challenging. This pre-clinical study hypothesizes that, by promoting an anti-inflammatory scenario, pre-emptive administration of IMT504, a non-coding, non-CpG oligodeoxynucleotide with immune modulating properties, will reduce postincisi…
Despite the available knowledge on underlying mechanisms and the development of several therapeutic strategies, optimal management of postoperative pain remains challenging. This pre-clinical study hypothesizes that, by promoting an anti-inflammatory scenario, pre-emptive administration of IMT504, a non-coding, non-CpG oligodeoxynucleotide with immune modulating properties, will reduce postincisional pain, also facilitating therapeutic opioid-sparing. Male adult Sprague-Dawley rats with unilateral hindpaw skin-muscle incision received pre-emptive (48 h and 24 h prior to surgery) or postoperative (6h after surgery) subcutaneous vehicle (saline) or IMT504. Various groups of rats were prepared for pain-like behaviour analyses, including subgroups receiving morphine or naloxone, as well as for flow-cytometry or quantitative RT-PCR analyses of the spleen and hindpaws (for analysis of inflammatory phenotype). Compared to vehicle-treated rats, pre-emptive IMT504 significantly reduced mechanical allodynia by 6 h after surgery, and accelerated recovery of basal responses from 72 h after surgery and onwards. Cold allodynia was also reduced by IMT504. Postoperative administration of IMT504 resulted in similar positive effects on pain-like behaviour. In IMT504-treated rats, 3 mg/kg morphine resulted in comparable blockade of mechanical allodynia as observed in vehicle-treated rats receiving 10 mg/kg morphine. IMT504 significantly increased hindpaw infiltration of mesenchymal stem cells, CD4+T and B cells, and caused upregulated or downregulated transcript expressions of interleukin-10 and interleukin-1β, respectively. Also, IMT504 treatment targeted the spleen, with upregulated or downregulated transcript expressions, 6 h after incision, of interleukin-10 and interleukin-1β, respectively. Altogether, pre-emptive or postoperative IMT504 provides protection against postincisional pain, through participation of significant immunomodulatory actions, and exhibiting opioid-sparing effects.
Protein S Deficiency with Recurrent Deep Vein Thrombosis and Post Thrombotic Syndrome: A Case Report. [Journal Article]
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2022 Oct 01; 60(254):892-894.Neupane S, Pudasaini P, … Subedi BJJ
Protein S is a vitamin K-dependent protein that acts as a break in secondary hemostasis by inactivating activated factor V and activated factor VIII. We report a case of a 40 years old male who had the first episode of deep vein thrombosis of the left lower limb 10 years back, which despite treatment, reoccurred 3 months later in the bilateral lower limb. Thrombophilic screening showed severe pro…
Protein S is a vitamin K-dependent protein that acts as a break in secondary hemostasis by inactivating activated factor V and activated factor VIII. We report a case of a 40 years old male who had the first episode of deep vein thrombosis of the left lower limb 10 years back, which despite treatment, reoccurred 3 months later in the bilateral lower limb. Thrombophilic screening showed severe protein S deficiency. The patient then developed deep vein thrombosis of both upper limbs. The patient was advised to place an inferior vena cava filter, which he denied. The patient is now presenting with multiple episodes of post-thrombotic syndrome. Such attacks are treated with elastic compression stockings, rivaroxaban, and morphine. However, despite medication, the pain has not yet subsided. Hence, even though protein S deficiency is the rare cause of deep vein thrombosis when recurrent should be considered despite its rare occurrence.
Oral application of magnesium-L-threonate enhances analgesia and reduces the dosage of opioids needed in advanced cancer patients-A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. [Journal Article]
Cancer Med. 2023 Jan 26 [Online ahead of print]Wu S, Jin T, … Ma KCM
CONCLUSIONS: L-TAMS outperforms a placebo in enhancing the analgesic effect of opioids and reducing the necessary opioid dosage. Moreover, L-TAMS can significantly relieve opioid-induced constipation. These advantages may be beneficial to patients with advanced cancer.
Opioids and constipation therapy in the last week of life: Their impact on patients, caregivers, and the location of death. [Journal Article]
Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Jan 20; 102(3):e32718.Ribeiro H, Magalhães J, … Dourado M
The use of opioids to control pain at the end of life may cause constipation, a symptom that can negatively influence the well-being of patients and caregivers. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of constipation on symptomatic control and patients' overall quality of life at this stage. A particular focus was placed on opioids. We also intended to investigate whether constipati…
The use of opioids to control pain at the end of life may cause constipation, a symptom that can negatively influence the well-being of patients and caregivers. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of constipation on symptomatic control and patients' overall quality of life at this stage. A particular focus was placed on opioids. We also intended to investigate whether constipation and caregiver fatigue is related to the place of death (hospital vs home). The approach of 121 patients followed in 2021 in their last week of life by a home team specialized in palliative care was analyzed in an observational, retrospective, non-interventional study. The patients were followed up for an average of 39.7 days. A total of 82.6% wished to die at home, which occurred in 74% of the cases. The constipation prevention protocol reduced constipation by 55.1%. It seems that morphine is more related with constipation and tapentadol seems to reduce constipation induced by opioids. Patients tended to die in hospitals when their caregivers were exhausted; however, it was not possible to determine a cutoff point using the Zarit scale, which was used to assess caregiver burden. Constipation in the last week of life does not seem to influence the well-being of patients or their caregivers significantly and the individualization of intensive treatment of constipation is needed. Different opioids have different probabilities of causing adverse effects such as constipation. Future special support mechanisms can be created and activated for the most tired caregivers to avoid exhaustion and promote death at home, if that is the patient's will.
Patient-Controlled Analgesia vs Intravenous Push Hydromorphone for Pain Management of Vaso-Occlusive Crisis Associated With Sickle Cell Disease. [Journal Article]
J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother. 2023 Jan 26 [Online ahead of print]Russo K, Chhunchha PJP
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) appears to be the preferred modality for treatment of pain associated with vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) and is the current standard of therapy at most institutions. With limited data available, this study analyzed the effectiveness of PCA vs intravenous push (IVP) hydromorphone for pain management of VOC. The primary objective was to determine whether PCA or IVP …
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) appears to be the preferred modality for treatment of pain associated with vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) and is the current standard of therapy at most institutions. With limited data available, this study analyzed the effectiveness of PCA vs intravenous push (IVP) hydromorphone for pain management of VOC. The primary objective was to determine whether PCA or IVP hydromorphone is more effective in controlling VOC pain determined by a reduction in mean absolute difference pain intensity (MPI) from baseline to discharge. This retrospective single-center study evaluated differences in outcomes between patients treated with PCA vs those treated with IVP hydromorphone for VOC during hospital admission. Those 18 years or older admitted with one of the following International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes were included: D57.0 (Hb-SS disease with crisis), D57.2 (sickle cell/Hb-C disease), and D57.4 (sickle cell thalassemia), and administered PCA or IVP hydromorphone. The observed difference in absolute pain scores were not statistically significant (p = 0.753). The use of IVP hydromorphone resulted in a significant reduction in length of stay (LOS) and morphine milligram equivalent (MME) use compared to PCA, but was associated with a numerical increase in treatment failures. This study was limited by its retrospective nature, uneven distribution of groups, and only reviewed use of IVP and PCA hydromorphone at one institution.
Racial Differences in Postoperative Opioid Prescribing Practices in Spine Surgical Patients. [Journal Article]
Neurosurgery. 2022 Nov 16 [Online ahead of print]Letchuman V, He L, … Guan ZN
CONCLUSIONS: In a large cohort of opioid-naive postoperative neurosurgical patients, this study demonstrates higher inpatient and outpatient postoperative opioid usage among White patients. Increasing physician awareness to the effect of race on inpatient and outpatient pain management would allow for a modified opioid prescribing practice that ensures limited yet effective opioid dosages void of implicit biases.
STRETCH: Stinging tree exposures to Cairns Hospital. [Journal Article]
Emerg Med Australas. 2023 Jan 26 [Online ahead of print]Young R, Jackson A, … Little MEM
CONCLUSIONS: Stinging tree exposure results in significant presentations to the Cairns ED each year. Pain is immediate and severe and there are no clear first aid or definitive treatment recommendations. Further work is needed to ascertain the best first aid and definitive treatment including a formal trial of dilute HCl.
Multimodal Pain Control Reduces Narcotic Use after Outpatient Abdominoplasty: Retrospective Analysis in an Ambulatory Surgery Practice. [Journal Article]
Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2023 Jan; 11(1):e4777.Price MS, Fryer RHPR
CONCLUSIONS: Optimally utilizing multimodal medications effectively reduces narcotic consumption while effectively managing postoperative pain from abdominoplasty in a private practice, ambulatory surgery setting. Surgeons must change their prescribing habits if we are going to make progress in the war against the opioid crisis.
Opioid Use Disorder from Poppy Seed Tea Use: A Case Report. [Journal Article]
Am J Case Rep. 2023 Jan 26; 24:e938675.Kauppila GR, Eagen KVAJ
BACKGROUND Unwashed or unprocessed poppy seeds may be an underrecognized substance that can lead to dependence, abuse, and an opioid use disorder. Poppy seeds can be purchased in an unwashed or unprocessed form, and these seeds can be contaminated with the opium alkaloids morphine, codeine, and thebaine on their surfaces. Poppy seeds that are commercially available, such as those used for baking …
BACKGROUND Unwashed or unprocessed poppy seeds may be an underrecognized substance that can lead to dependence, abuse, and an opioid use disorder. Poppy seeds can be purchased in an unwashed or unprocessed form, and these seeds can be contaminated with the opium alkaloids morphine, codeine, and thebaine on their surfaces. Poppy seeds that are commercially available, such as those used for baking and in other food products, are legal to purchase, as they do not contain the opium alkaloids on their seed coats. Purchase and possession of the unwashed or unprocessed seeds are not legal in the United States. These contaminated poppy seeds can then be put through a process in which they are washed, and the supernatant (tea) is collected and consumed to experience its intoxicating effect or for the treatment of pain or opioid withdrawal. CASE REPORT A 65-year-old man with a history of alcohol use disorder, cannabis use, and chronic pain began using this poppy seed tea for treatment of chronic pain after his provider had stopped prescribing opioid pain medications for him. He developed a dependence on the tea. He had reached out for assistance as it was his desire to stop using the poppy seed tea. The diagnosis of an opioid use disorder was made using the DSM-V criteria. He was successfully induced and maintained on a buprenorphine/naloxone product. CONCLUSIONS Poppy seeds in their unwashed and unprocessed form can be misused and could lead to an opioid use disorder. This disorder can be treated with buprenorphine/naloxone products.
Long-term Safety, Dose Stability, and Efficacy of Opioids for Patients With Restless Legs Syndrome in the National RLS Opioid Registry. [Journal Article]
Neurology. 2023 Jan 25 [Online ahead of print]Winkelman JW, Wipper B, Zackon JNeur
CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose opioid medications continue to adequately control symptoms of refractory RLS over 2 year follow-up in the majority of participants. A minority of patients did see larger dose increases, which were invariably associated with a limited number of factors, most notably changes in opioid and non-opioid RLS medications and opioid use for a non-RLS condition. Continued longitudinal observations will provide insight on the long-term safety and efficacy of opioid treatment of severe, augmented RLS.
A Personalized Opioid Prescription Model for Predicting Postoperative Discharge Opioid Needs. [Journal Article]
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2023 Feb 01; 151(2):450-460.Zhang KK, Blum KM, … Barker JCPR
CONCLUSIONS: The POP model accurately estimates postdischarge opioid consumption and risk of developing persistent use in plastic surgery patients. Use of the POP model in clinical practice may lead to more appropriate and personalized opioid prescribing.
Laparoscopic transversus abdominis plane block is useful in pain relief after laparoscopic stapled repair of diastasis recti and ventral hernia. [Journal Article]
J Minim Access Surg. 2023 Jan 09 [Online ahead of print]Cavallaro G, Gazzanelli S, … Polistena AJM
CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic-guided TAP-block can be considered safe and effective in the management of post-operative pain and in the reduction of analgesic need in patients undergoing laparoscopic repair of diastasis recti and ventral hernias. The non-randomised nature of the study and the lack of a consistent series of patients require further evaluations.
Assessment of abuse potential of carfentanil. [Journal Article]
Addict Biol. 2023 Feb; 28(2):e13265.Wei J, Lai M, … Di BAB
Carfentanil, as a fentanyl analogue, is a potent synthetic opioid. It has been controlled in many countries, and its emergence has been highlighted by many recent reports. However, although discriminative stimulus effects of carfentanil in rats had been reported, its abuse potential has not been fully evaluated. In this study, we evaluated the abuse potential of carfentanil via the tests of condi…
Carfentanil, as a fentanyl analogue, is a potent synthetic opioid. It has been controlled in many countries, and its emergence has been highlighted by many recent reports. However, although discriminative stimulus effects of carfentanil in rats had been reported, its abuse potential has not been fully evaluated. In this study, we evaluated the abuse potential of carfentanil via the tests of conditioned place preference (CPP), drug self-administration and naloxone-precipitated opioid withdrawal assay, compared with fentanyl and heroin. Carfentanil exhibited significant place preference at a minimum dose of 1 μg/kg in mice, whereas fentanyl and heroin induced significant place preference at the minimum doses of 100 μg/kg and 1000 μg/kg, respectively. In the drug-substitution test in heroin self-administered rats (50 μg/kg/infusion), carfentanil and fentanyl acquired significant self-administrations above saline levels from 0.05-0.1 and 0.1-10.0 μg/kg/infusion, respectively. Carfentanil induced the maximum number of infusions at 0.1 μg/kg, whereas fentanyl and heroin at 1 and 25 μg/kg, respectively. In short, carfentanil showed the highest potency to induce CPP and self-administration. Furthermore, repeated treatment with escalating doses of carfentanil, fentanyl or heroin induced typical withdrawal symptoms in mice, including a greater number of jumping and weight loss than saline group. This indicated that carfentanil could produce physical dependence similar to fentanyl and heroin. Taken together, the present study demonstrated the higher abuse potential of carfentanil compared with fentanyl and heroin. The rank order of abuse potential for these compounds is carfentanil > fentanyl > heroin.
Emergence of restless legs syndrome during opioid discontinuation. [Journal Article]
J Clin Sleep Med. 2023 Jan 24 [Online ahead of print]McCarter SJ, Labott JR, … Lipford MCJC
CONCLUSIONS: Moderately severe symptoms of RLS, as assessed by survey, occur commonly in individuals undergoing opioid tapering, particularly if exposed to higher doses. In many cases, symptoms appear to be self-limited, although a minority develop persistent symptoms. Our results may have implications for successful opioid tapering, but future confirmatory studies with structured clinician interview are needed to establish that these symptoms truly represent restless legs syndrome given the potential for RLS-mimicking symptoms in individuals with chronic pain syndromes.
Addition of infiltration between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the posterior knee (IPACK) to local infiltration analgesia for total knee arthroplasty: a prospective randomized controlled trial. [Journal Article]
J Arthroplasty. 2023 Jan 20 [Online ahead of print]Tang X, Wang D, … Zhou ZJA
CONCLUSIONS: This randomized controlled trial demonstrated that there were significantly lower pain scores, less opioid consumption, and better functional results with LIA+IPACK and LIA when compared with IPACK alone, suggesting that IPACK alone was inferior for pain control.
Comparing the Effects of Low-Dose Ketamine, Fentanyl, and Morphine on Hemorrhagic Tolerance and Analgesia in Humans. [Journal Article]
Prehosp Emerg Care. 2023 Jan 23 [Online ahead of print]Watso JC, Huang M, … Crandall CGPE
Hemorrhage is a leading cause of preventable battlefield and civilian trauma deaths. Ketamine, fentanyl, and morphine are recommended analgesics for use in the prehospital (i.e., field) setting to reduce pain. However, it is unknown whether any of these analgesics reduce hemorrhagic tolerance in humans. We tested the hypothesis that fentanyl (75 µg) and morphine (5 mg), but not ketamine (20 mg), …
Hemorrhage is a leading cause of preventable battlefield and civilian trauma deaths. Ketamine, fentanyl, and morphine are recommended analgesics for use in the prehospital (i.e., field) setting to reduce pain. However, it is unknown whether any of these analgesics reduce hemorrhagic tolerance in humans. We tested the hypothesis that fentanyl (75 µg) and morphine (5 mg), but not ketamine (20 mg), would reduce tolerance to simulated hemorrhage in conscious humans. Each of the three analgesics was evaluated independently among different cohorts of healthy adults in a randomized, crossover (within drug/placebo comparison), placebo-controlled fashion using doses derived from the Tactical Combat Casualty Care Guidelines for Medical Personnel. One minute after an intravenous infusion of the analgesic or placebo (saline), we employed a pre-syncopal limited progressive lower-body negative pressure (LBNP) protocol to determine hemorrhagic tolerance. Hemorrhagic tolerance was quantified as a cumulative stress index (CSI), which is the sum of products of the LBNP and the duration (e.g., [40 mmHg x 3 min] + [50 mmHg x 3 min] …). Compared with ketamine (p = 0.002 post hoc result) and fentanyl (p = 0.02 post hoc result), morphine reduced the CSI (ketamine (n = 30): 99 [73-139], fentanyl (n = 28): 95 [68-130], morphine (n = 30): 62 [35-85]; values expressed as a % of the respective placebo trial's CSI; median [IQR]; Kruskal-Wallis test p = 0.002). Morphine-induced reductions in tolerance to central hypovolemia were not well explained by a prediction model including biological sex, body mass, and age (R2=0.05, p = 0.74). These experimental data demonstrate that morphine reduces tolerance to simulated hemorrhage while fentanyl and ketamine do not affect tolerance. Thus, these laboratory-based data, captured via simulated hemorrhage, suggest that morphine should not be used for a hemorrhaging individual in the prehospital setting.
Opportunistic salpingectomy during robotic sacrocolpopexy: Data to support a widely accepted practice. [Journal Article]
Data Brief. 2023 Feb; 46:108891.Dukhovich A, Sullivan ME, … Hines BJ
While surgical outcomes of prophylactic salpingectomy as an ovarian cancer risk reducing measure at the time of hysterectomy for benign indications has already been studied, data has traditionally been extrapolated to surgery for prolapse repair. A retrospective chart review was performed from medical records of patients who had undergone a sacrocolpopexy for pelvic organ prolapse. Variables coll…
While surgical outcomes of prophylactic salpingectomy as an ovarian cancer risk reducing measure at the time of hysterectomy for benign indications has already been studied, data has traditionally been extrapolated to surgery for prolapse repair. A retrospective chart review was performed from medical records of patients who had undergone a sacrocolpopexy for pelvic organ prolapse. Variables collected included operation duration, length of hospital stay, readmission within 31 days, estimated blood loss (EBL), number and size of incisions, as well as narcotic use during hospitalization. Additional procedures performed at the time of operation including vaginal or laparoscopic hysterectomy, transobturator sling, anterior or posterior colporrhaphy, cystoscopy, and robotic ventral mesh rectopexy were collected as potential confounding variables. In addition, data to allow examination of pathology results of all fallopian tubes was collected to determine the proportion of pre-malignant and malignant pathology results. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS version 8. Two cohorts were created: (1) Patients who underwent adnexal surgery (bilateral salpingectomy or salpingoopherectomy) at time of the sacrocolpopexy and (2) Patients who underwent a sacrocolpopexy without adnexal surgery. Comparisons were performed with chi-square analysis for discrete variables and group t-tests for continuous level data. Narcotics administered during the immediate post-operative period until discharge was collected for each patient and converted to morphine milligram equivalents (MME) via multiplying the administered dose by the CDC established evidence-based conversion factor. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) as well as logistic regression was used to control for confounding variables, including the additional procedures patients had during their operation. An omnibus p-value of 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance for all tests. Due to the exploratory nature of this analysis, there were no corrections applied for multiple comparisons. This data can be used as a basis for researchers to build upon when assessing ovarian cancer primary prevention strategies and associated treatment modalities.
Epidural esketamine and morphine for postoperative analgesia after caesarean delivery: A pilot study. [Journal Article]
Front Surg. 2022; 9:988392.Tang J, Zheng Z, … Tan X
CONCLUSIONS: The addition of esketamine to morphine improved postoperative analgesia after cesarean section without increasing the incidence of adverse events.
Evaluating the Influence of IV Ketamine on Postoperative Opioid Use for Surgical Patients at a Tertiary Care Centre. [Journal Article]
Can J Hosp Pharm. 2023 Winter; 76(1):48-55.Porter D, Yamashita S, … Marchesano R
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, subanesthetic doses of IV ketamine used postoperatively in surgical patients did not decrease opioid use or patient-reported pain. More patients who received ketamine had documented hallucinations. These results will help guide postoperative analgesia practice and strategies to reduce opioid use.
Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis Reveals the Toxicity of ZnO Quantum Dots on Human SMMC-7721 Cells. [Journal Article]
Int J Nanomedicine. 2023; 18:277-291.Yang Y, Wang X, … Ji S
CONCLUSIONS: ZnO QDs did not affect cell viability in a CCK8 assay, but disturbed the level of intracellular metabolites and proteins at 20 µg/mL. The KEGG analyses of the metabolomics and proteomics data both enriched the alcoholism and Cushing syndrome pathways. These results provide an experimental basis for future research on the safe use of nanomaterials.
How to wean friends and influence health: Opioid weaning and discontinuation aided by a simple health and wellness coaching program. [Journal Article]
J Opioid Manag. 2023 Jan-Feb; 19(1):57-67.McAnally HB, Thompson SM, Okediji PJO
CONCLUSIONS: Providing simple and salient HWC including PNE within pain management can significantly improve opioid weaning and discontinuation while mitigating pain.
Monitoring long-term opioid therapy and chronic noncancer pain in primary care: Whole Health Primary Care Pain Education and Opioid Monitoring Program (PC-POP). [Journal Article]
J Opioid Manag. 2023 Jan-Feb; 19(1):19-33.Martinson A, Hopkins P, … Clinton-Lont JJO
CONCLUSIONS: PC-POP increases guideline concordant care for providers working in primary care.
Highly oxygenated grayanane diterpenoids with structural diversity from the flowers of Rhododendron dauricum and their analgesic activities. [Journal Article]
Bioorg Chem. 2023 Jan 16; 132:106374.Feng Y, Zhang H, … Yao GBC
Twenty-eight grayanane diterpenoids (1-28) including 13 new ones, named daublossomins A-M (1-13), and two new natural products, 3-O-acetylgrayanotoxin II (14) and 10-epi-grayanotoxin III (15), were isolated from the flowers of Rhododendron dauricum L. (Ericaceae). Their structures were elucidated by means of comprehensive spectroscopic methods and quantum chemical calculations (13C NMR-DP4+ analy…
Twenty-eight grayanane diterpenoids (1-28) including 13 new ones, named daublossomins A-M (1-13), and two new natural products, 3-O-acetylgrayanotoxin II (14) and 10-epi-grayanotoxin III (15), were isolated from the flowers of Rhododendron dauricum L. (Ericaceae). Their structures were elucidated by means of comprehensive spectroscopic methods and quantum chemical calculations (13C NMR-DP4+ analysis and calculated ECD), and the absolute configurations of ten grayanane diterpenoids 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 22, 23, 25, 27, and 28 were determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Daublossomin A (1) represents the first example of an 11,16-epoxygrayan-6-one diterpenoid. Daublossomins B (2) and C (3) are the first examples of 9β,10β-epoxygrayanane diterpenoids, and daublossomin I (9) is the second conjugated grayan-1(5),6(7),9(10)-triene diterpenoid. Compounds 1-11 and 13-27 were evaluated for their analgesic activities in the HOAc-induced writhing test in mice, and 1-8, 10, 11, 13, 15, 17, 18, 22-24, and 26 exhibited significant analgesic effects at a dose of 5.0 mg/kg (inhibition rates > 50%). Among them, daublossomins A (1) and F (6) still showed potent analgesic activity even at a lower dose of 0.2 mg/kg with the inhibition rates of 54.4% and 55.2%, respectively. Grayanotoxin III (20) showed more potent analgesic activities than the positive control, morphine, at a dose of 0.04 mg/kg. A preliminary structure-activity relationship for the analgesic grayanane diterpenoids was discussed, providing some useful clues to design and develop structurally novel potent analgesics.
Intravenous Hydromorphone Versus Intravenous Acetaminophen for Older Adult Patients: More to Think About. [Letter]
Ann Emerg Med. 2023 Feb; 81(2):246-247.Blau A, McGhee JAE
Effect of pharmacological modulation of the kynurenine pathway on pain-related behavior and opioid analgesia in a mouse model of neuropathic pain. [Journal Article]
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2023 Jan 18; 461:116382.Ciapała K, Pawlik K, … Rojewska ETA
Dysfunction of the central nervous system are accompanied by changes in tryptophan metabolism, with the kynurenine pathway (KP) being the main route of its catabolism. Recently, KP metabolites, which are collectively called kynurenines, have become an area of intense research due to their ability to directly and indirectly affect a variety of classic neurotransmitter systems. However, the signifi…
Dysfunction of the central nervous system are accompanied by changes in tryptophan metabolism, with the kynurenine pathway (KP) being the main route of its catabolism. Recently, KP metabolites, which are collectively called kynurenines, have become an area of intense research due to their ability to directly and indirectly affect a variety of classic neurotransmitter systems. However, the significance of KP in neuropathic pain is still poorly understood. Therefore, we designed several experiments to verify changes in the mRNA levels of KP enzymes in parallel with other factors related to this metabolic route after chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve (CCI model) in mice. The analysis revealed an increase in, Kmo, Kynu and Haoo mRNA levels in the spinal cord on the 7th day after CCI, while Kat1, Kat2, Tdo2, Ido2 and Qprt mRNA levels remain unchanged. Subsequent pharmacological studies provided evidence that modulation of KP by single intrathecal administration of 1-D-MT, UPF468 or L-kynurenine attenuates mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity and increases the effectiveness of selected opioids in mice as measured on day 7 after CCI. Moreover, our results provide the first evidence that the injection of L-kynurenine preceded by UPF468 (KMO inhibitor) is more effective at reducing hypersensitivity in animals with neuropathic pain. Importantly, L-kynurenine also exerts an analgesic effect after intravenous injections, which is enhanced by the administration of minocycline, an inhibitor of microglial activation. Additionally, L-kynurenine administered intrathecally and intravenously enhances analgesia evoked by all tested opioids (morphine, buprenorphine and oxycodone). Overall, our results indicate that the modulation of KP at different levels might be a new pharmacological tool in neuropathy management.


if people knew Allah pretty well, they would obey Him and seek to attain the Good pleasure of Him, but the demons of mankind and the jinn do everything in its power keeping people away from knowing Almighty Allah the creator.
Ang Diyos sa Kristiyanismo… Ano ang Kanyang Kalikasan?
Dedicação Para aqueles que buscam a verdade sinceramente, honestamente e de mente aberta!
Want to present Islam to others on twitter? Do not know how to do so? Download this publication to find 100 Tweets about Islam.
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Of all the beaches in all the country … Guardian Australia readers don't want you showing up at theirs, apparently. Going by the comments on our open thread that asked readers to share their favourite beach, many people living near a lovely seaside spot are pretty determined to keep it secret. Given there are more than 10,000 beaches on the mainland, it shouldn't be too hard.
Some readers were more generous with their hints and tips for discovering Australia's #BestBeaches. Here is a selection.
The best beach is the one you are overlooking as you sit in the shade on the balcony of a great old Australian pub on a blazing hot day, after a refreshing surf, nursing an ice cold Australian beer as the cicadas buzz nearby, there's the waiter now with your bucket of prawns … nothing better.
I'm a South Aussie that has lived in Melbourne for 11 years and I'm normally surprised at the lack of SA beaches that make it into this list. It's nice to see a few pop up this year, particularly the ones on [Kangaroo Island]. Like others, I'm not going to name specific beaches but Innes National Park in the toe of Yorke Peninsula is absolutely stunning. Swimming with rays and seals is a regular occurrence, as is sharing a set of waves with a pod of surfing dolphins. Eyre Peninsula's beaches are also spectacular. It's not uncommon to be able to get 1, 2 or 3 doz of its famed oysters caught that day from a fridge at a beachside servo, next to the soft drinks (just brush up on those shucking skills).
I second the vote for Emu Bay. Early on summer mornings, the water is truly like crystal. You can stand in the water and survey the five-kilometre semi circle of white sand and dunes, and it is like a dream of the perfect beach. I do have mixed feelings about the publicity though – generous feelings of wanting to share conflict with "oh I don't want it to be over-run". I think if too many people started going there, they'd have to close it off to cars – which might be a good thing in a way. However you can ride a bike on the sand, so that could be a better alternative.
Someone else will probably mention it, but Stokes Bay on Kangaroo Island is another lovely beach. There's a genuine "secret" element to Stokes Bay, so I won't say more, you just have to go there – take the kids and the buckets and spades and even some goggles and a snorkel! Then have fish and chips at the cafe after.
WA beaches every time. White sand. Less people. Turquoise water. Take your pick of forests or scrub, palms or red dirt, 50-metre high untouched sand dunes or the perfectly protected cove. All of them in WA. Less people, more clear unpolluted crystal clear sunshine and water.
Cable Beach, Broome, from the time I lived there in the 70s. We would finish work and go to the beach for a swim before returning to the hotel for dinner.
Clovelly Beach, Sydney, for family outings. Shoreham Beach when visiting the Mornington [Peninsula, Victoria].
No one favourite, but have visited some exquisite and remote beaches along the far south coast of NSW situated in the Nadgee Nature reserve and further south into Victoria's Croajingolong National Park. Many beaches reachable only on foot and strict controls on the number of visitors in the park at any one time means they aren't loved to death by large visitor numbers. In the case of Nadgee, numbers in the reserve are limited to 30 at a time, with no single group greater than eight persons.
Dear international tourists. Do not believe this article. It's all wrong. Most beaches in Australia are pretty bad. Stay away. Go to Bali.
Ha, ha is that you First Dawg.
Oh, Bali isn't in Australia?!
I lived till I was eight years old just up the road from Bondi Beach. That Bondi of sand, fun and play is a universe away form the Bondi Beach of now.
For a day at the beach nothing can beat the circus of narcissistic performance art that is Bondi. Sun, surf, sand and ego propel the flâneurs prancing along the sand and boardwalk to form a day-long sun-drenched parade. Take it or leave it.
If that's not your thing then the worship of Ra while idling the day away with a good book, as the world passes you by in between catching waves.
Bondi is not just a beach, it's an icon of Australian culture for all its faults it's the holy grail of beach culture. Bondi is a micro machine of desire, capital and pleasure which unfolds as the sun transverses the day.
Then there is the food and drink culture, a vast cornucopia which can satisfy even the most fickle gourmand. And if that doesn't do it for you there are always the deep fried Mars bars.


Nestled deep within the heart of the Canadian Rockies, this historic mining town is famous for receiving 29 feet of snow on average each winter while offering world class amenities and outdoor adventures. Rich in legend, mountain culture and personalities, Fernie is fully encircled by breathtaking alpine vistas and provides out-the-door access to some of BC's most stunning backcountry.
A true sledder's paradise, Fernie features access to terrain to suit every type of rider. The Fernie Snowmobile Association manages a network of 114 kilometers of groomed trails, three warming cabins, and provides endless acres of wilderness to explore. All riders are welcome to attend events such as moonlight rides, family days at the cabin, and the sled drag races organized by the association each winter.
While you may have come for the sledding, don't forget about some of the other great experiences that await you in Fernie. Visit www.tourismfernie.com for more information or check out one of the guides linked to below.
Information on British Columbia Off-Highway Vehicle Regulations can be found here.


text:
student-entrepreneur-brings-iphones-back-to-life
Student Entrepreneur Brings iPhones Back to Life
Video posted December 8, 2014 in Best of CommMedia by Greg Surine.
Sean Sweeney is a typical Penn State senior. He goes to class, joins clubs and maintains a social life. Like other students, he also worries about what he'll do for a career upon graduation.
Sweeney thought that getting an internship related to his major would increase his chances of obtaining a full-time job offer in the future. So last spring at Fall Career Days at the Bryce Jordan Center Sweeney wore a suit and tie, printed 20 copies of his resume and spent hours with recruiters on the floor and at interviews.
Sweeney felt particularly good about his interview with Kimberly Clark. With a smile and a handshake, the recruiter told him to submit a copy of his transcript immediately, because they were making job offers that day. Sweeney rushed home to send his transcript to the company, but he was worried his 2.8 GPA would make the company lose interest. Sweeney got a call from the company two weeks later stating they had offered the position to another student. Sweeney was left without an internship for the summer of 2014.
While reading The Odyssey, a Greek Life newspaper that gets delivered to his fraternity house, Sweeney saw another opportunity in the classifieds. Mac Frederick, owner of the iCracked mobile phone repair franchise in State College, was selling his business.
Sweeney had prior entrepreneurial experience from his time with Collegiate Concepts, where he was an independent contractor specializing in dorm room bed lofting. However, this experience would take up much more time and financial risk.
Like the internships he failed to secure, he had to produce a resume and cover letter to be considered as the next franchise owner of State College iCracked. He spent three weeks shadowing repairs, marketing and serving customers with no compensation. Because of his superior effort, Sweeney beat out 12 other students seeking the position.
"He saw how badly I wanted it," Sweeney said. "I followed up with him more than any other job I have ever pursued."
While he originally sought a summertime gig, he now has a job he can operate throughout the school year. During a typical week, Sweeney repairs up to 20 mobile devices while being active in his fraternity and taking 15 credits in industrial engineering.
His favorite thing about the job is that it allows him to meet a variety of students at Penn State. He also develops relationships with repeat customers. He has fixed a phone for a member of the Penn State women's rugby team six times now.
"I see her all over State College and it's just, 'Hey! It's not broken yet, but it will be soon!' kind of conversations," said Sweeney. "I've signed her cast a bunch of times, which is something I never thought I would get to do after the fourth grade."
The nature of being a one-man service business for college students does have its downsides. Business phone calls go directly to his cell phone, so customers have awakened him as early as 5 a.m. with repair requests. Sweeney tries to always sound professional.
"One time I stubbed my toe while I was on the phone with someone, and I had to keep a calm voice," Sweeney said.
Nonetheless, Sweeney says he is pleased to serve his fellow students.
"It gives me a purpose. I'm the iCracked guy," Sweeney said. "If you break your phone, you talk to me."
Sweeney said he will continue fixing broken phones as long as he has the time, but he does not anticipate making a career out of it. He plans to use his experience with iCracked to show future employers he can handle a challenge.
"Besides the monetary gain, it has developed me into a more qualified potential employee than anyone who's had an internship," Sweeney said. "My success is totally dependent on my own effort."
Global Entrepreneurship at Penn State
Sweeney was invited to speak at a Penn State's Global Entrepreneurship Week with a panel of other student entrepreneurs.
Greg Surine
Senior / Broadcast Journalism
Greg Surine is a Pennsylvania native from Montgomery County. He career goals include working in the entertainment industry with a focus in talk radio and podcasting.
He will graduate from Penn State University in May 2015 with a degree in Broadcast Journalism. Greg has completed internships with CONAN in Burbank, CA; SiriusXM Radio in New York, NY; and B94.5 Radio in State College, PA.
During his college career, Greg has been the host of Radio Free Penn State: a panel-style talk show where students discuss current events and issues.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Oxygen's "Bad Girls Club" is moving to Mondays.
Reality skein where femme fists fly will shift to the new day when season six begins Jan. 10. Locale for the upcoming episodes will be Los Angeles, following last season, in which the show's home base was Miami.
Season five, which ran on Tuesdays and ended Nov. 9, averaged 1.7 million total viewers, with 1.1 million in the 18-49 demo. Part one of the "Bad Girls Club Miami" reunion, hosted by blogger Perez Hilton, aired last week and drew more than 2 million viewers when all telecasts are included.
Show is exec produced by Jon Murray, Brandon Wilson and Jeff Schmidt.


[a nickname of Krishna]; the wealth of the lives of the gopis. He steals the mind of even Cupid and punishes the Kaliya serpent.
These pure, holy names of Lord Hari are full of sweet, nectarean pastimes. Krishna is the Lord of the twelve forests of Vraja, He is ever-youthful and is the best of lovers. He is always playing on a flute and He is an excellent dresser.
Krishna is the protector of the inhabitants of Vraja; the destroyer of various demoniac dynasties; the keeper and tender of Nanda Maharaja's cows; the giver of pleasure to the cows, land, and spiritual senses; the husband of the goddess of fortune; the butter thief; and the beautiful cowherd boy of Nanda Maharaja.
Krishna wanders along the banks of the River Yamuna. He stole the garments of the young damsels of Vraja who were bathing there. He delights in the mellows of the rasa dance; He is very merciful; the lover and beloved of Srimati Radharani; the great dancer of Vrndavana; and the shelter and only refuge of Thakura Bhaktivinoda.


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Steps to take when closing a business.
if your business is in severe financial difficulty, speak with your accountant or lawyer about paying creditors by declaring yourself bankrupt or liquidating your business assets.
If you're making staff redundant there are support services available to help them retrain and find new work. Visit the Jobs Victoria Workers in Transition page for further details.
After your business has closed down you may still have obligations to your employees. PAYG, Fringe Benefits Tax, superannuation and Eligible Termination Payment final payments often need to be made even after the doors have closed.
Your employer responsibilities will differ depending on whether a worker is an employee or independent contractor. For detailed instructions on calculating all final payments for employees and independent contractors, use information from the the ATO's When a worker leaves page.
if you're closing a service business, it may be worthwhile speaking to your competitors with the aim of on-selling your client base, or arranging ongoing support for key clients.
go to beyondblue or ring their infoline on 1300 224 636. For urgent crisis counselling, ring Lifeline on 13 11 14.
For businesses in financial difficulty the last step in paying off creditors and dealing with debt is sometimes a declaration of bankruptcy or liquidation of business assets. The main difference between bankruptcy and liquidation is that a bankrupt is usually an individual or sole trader, and liquidation generally applies to a company in receivership.
The process begins by looking at how the individual's assets can be sold and the proceeds distributed to pay debts. If there are not sufficient assets to cover all debts to creditors, a split will be made on a percentage basis. Bankruptcy can be initiated by either a creditor or an individual debtor.
Becoming a bankrupt is not automatic. You or your professional adviser must apply formally to the Australian Financial Security Authority (AFSA), the government body responsible for the administration of bankruptcy and insolvency in Australia. It's a good idea to follow the steps below.
Liquidation can happen to a company when its creditors (the main people the company owes money to) pass a vote to have the company liquidated. This follows a period when the company has been put into the hands of an administrator in an attempt to salvage the financial situation of the business. If one of the creditors applies to wind up the company, a liquidator can be appointed to manage the creditors' interests and deregister the company.
reporting to appropriate authorities and applying for deregistration of the company.
Where there are not enough funds to pay all creditors, payment is usually divided proportionally among them, and in the order described above. Capital is only returned to shareholders if there are surplus funds. In all cases, the costs of the liquidator are met first.
It is the liquidator's job to get as much money as possible from the company, including suing any company directors through a creditor, if it can be shown they were trading when the company was insolvent (unable to pay its debts on time).


text:
Q: Finding appropriate positions for coordinates added to a coordinate-list I am looking for the most efficient way to find the appropriate position of a geographical coordinate in a list of other (geographical) coordinates forming a route.
That may sound a little cryptical, but consider this:
Conditions
I have the following data to work with:

*

*A list of (cartesian) coordinates describing a geographical route (the coordinate-list)

*A list of (cartesian) coordinates for points of interest (POIs) spread out along the route (the POI-list)

What I am trying to do is merge the coordinates from the POI-list into the coordinate-list at their appropriate positions, so that the coordinate-list is ordered in the same order as I would reach each coordinate, including the POIs, if I were to travel the route.
I know in which order the POIs should be "added".
I.e. the second POI should have a higher index than that of the first POI and so on.

Current Approach
What I am currently doing is iterating through the whole coordinate-list once per coordinate in the POI-list, and for each coordinate calculating the distance between the POI and the line formed by the coordinate and the next coordinate in the coordinate-list.
Consider the following code:
shortestDistance = /* distance between the first two coordinates */;
index = 0;

for(POI poi : poiList) {
    for(i = 0; i < coordinateList.size(); i++) {
        Line line = new Line(coordinateList.get(i), coordinateList.get(i + 1));
        int distance = distanceBetween(line, poi);

        if(distance < shortestDistance) {
            shortestDistance = distance
            index = i
        }
    }

    /* "index" now represents the index of the "coordinateList" at which the POI-coordinate should be added */
}

In my eyes this solution is extremely ineficcient, and there has to be a faster way of doing it...

The Requirement
Similar to the current solution, the new solution must be able to handle about all situations that an automatically generated car-route can cause, for example situations where the route makes a U-turn and goes back into the opposite direction close to itself.
The solution should be as fast as possible.
Multi-threading is allowed!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Trying to PUT string with Postman in local C# web api, always null or fails I currently have this WEB API running locally:
// POST api/CsvParse
[HttpPut]
public void Put([FromBody]string value)
{
    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
        throw new Exception("Input is null or empty.");
}

I currently have it running locally, and am sending a string to the put using POSTMAN. I have selected the body tab, and have the string pasted into the raw body tab:

It states that my text is unsupported, or when I add a break point the value is null or I get the error describing the format is incorrect.
What am I doing wrong?

A: Change the media type to x-www-form-urlencoded rather than multipart/form-data.
Also, WebAPI is particular about FromBody parameters.
http://encosia.com/using-jquery-to-post-frombody-parameters-to-web-api/
For you, I think this is the relevant part:

*[FromBody] parameters must be encoded as =value

  The final hurdle remaining is that Web API requires you to pass
  [FromBody] parameters in a particular format. That's the reason why
  our value parameter was null in the previous example even after we
  decorated the method's parameter with [FromBody].
Instead of the fairly standard key=value encoding that most client-
  and server-side frameworks expect, Web API's model binder expects to
  find the [FromBody] values in the POST body without a key name at all.
  In other words, instead of key=value, it's looking for =value.
This part is, by far, the most confusing part of sending primitive
  types into a Web API POST method. Not too bad once you understand it,
  but terribly unintuitive and not discoverable.

A: That's because there is no media type formatter that can serialize a raw string into your model (your route parameter with [FromBody] attribute).
A quick and dirty workaround is to directly read the body of your request as a string:
[HttpPut]
public async Task<HttpResponseMessage> Put(HttpRequestMessage request)
{
    var myCsv = await request.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

    // do stuff with your string

    return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK);
}

As an alternative you could implement a custom media type formatter yourself, as per this answer.

A: Try adding a content type of text/plain

A: There is a similar Q&A here
I found that solution #1 worked for me as I was trying to PUT JSON containing the Key/Value pair. So originally my JSON looked like this
{
    "subscriber": {
    "Id": "2",
    "subscriptions":[
        {
            "Name": "Subscription 1",
            "Id": "18",
            "IsSubscribed": false
        },
        {
            "Name": "Subscription 2",
            "Id": "19",
            "IsSubscribed": false
        },
        {
            "Name": "Subscription 3",
            "Id": "20",
            "IsSubscribed": false
        }
    ]
    }
}

But I modified it to become
{
    "Id": "2",
    "subscriptions":[
        {
            "Name": "Subscription 1",
            "Id": "18",
            "IsSubscribed": false
        },
        {
            "Name": "Subscription 2",
            "Id": "19",
            "IsSubscribed": false
        },
        {
            "Name": "Subscription 3",
            "Id": "20",
            "IsSubscribed": false
        }
    ]
}

And that worked. My PUT request from Postman was recognised in my C# web api using [FromBody]

A: Just to add my bit, there is one more solution to pass primitives into a POST or a PUT method. Just specify the model as JObject. ASP.Net core web api then binds incoming JSON object(containing primitives like string) into JObject model object.
Your code would look like this:
// POST api/CsvParse
[HttpPut]
public void Put([FromBody]JObject value)
{
    //access your string data
    string data = value[SPECIFY_KEY_HERE];

    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(data))
        throw new Exception("Input is null or empty.");
}


Spectacular Gated Community! Very close to Weddington elementary, middle and high schools. Amenities include Clubhouse with Junior Olympic sized Pool, lighted Tennis Courts, Walking Trails, and a Playground.


text:
Non tutti avranno potuto procurarsi il nuovo album dei Negativland Over the Edge Vol. 9: The Chopping Channel nella specialissima confezione contenente le ultime tracce - letteralmente! - del compianto Don Joyce (1944-2015), né aggirare i problemi creati da PayPal al momento della prenotazione. Il lavoro è tornato ora regolarmente disponibile per la generalità del pubblico, con un piccolo risarcimento graziosamente offerto da Wobbly, nel gruppo ormai in pianta stabile: Independent Therapy.
Scrive Wobbly: "The Chopping Channel began as a 'band' that would perform on Negativland's Over The Edge radio program, and consisted of Don Joyce, Peter Conheim, myself, and usually a visiting guest fourth member (which, over the years, included: Yasuhiro Otani, David Wills, Vicki Bennett, Katie Vida, Thomas Dimuzio, and Porest). Material created for 'The Chopping Channel' would often end up incorporated into Negativland studio pieces, and the dividing line between the two groups pretty much evaporated when I formally joined Negativland a few years ago. (That technically makes this CD my first appearance as a member of the group, although that's been a fairly arbitrary line to draw for a while now). About 66% of the audio for the disc was taken from the December 20th, 2007 episode 'World Radio World' featuring Mark Gergis (aka Porest), an mp3 edit of which appeared on my website a while back. The CD version is extensively reedited from that mp3 release, adding a lot of new material and a drastically revised ending, all taken from the February 19th, 2009 sequel 'World Radio World II'. If previous OTE CDs were a bit more archival in nature, trying to capture the spontaneous feeling of the improvised broadcasts, this new CD is without a doubt the most audibly re-edited in the series."
http://tinyurl.com/jzfa8an
http://www.negativland.com/news/?p=696
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cO75pm4mssg
https://kpfa.org/program/over-the-edge
http://www.detritus.net/wobbly/mp3s/CC_Independent
http://littlevillagemag.com/the-pioneers-of-disruption-negativland-members-open-up-about-deceased-member-don-joyce-future-projects


Description: Citizens Bank & Trust is a business categorized under banks, which is part of the larger category national commercial banks. Citizens Bank & Trust is located at the address 120 North Carroll Street, Bowdon, GA 30108 in Bowdon, Georgia 30108-1007. The Manager is Michael Traylor who can be contacted at (770)258-5545.
Location & access map for "Citizens Bank & Trust"


text:
Showing Collections: 1 - 20 of 1063
1949 Rose Bowl Collection
Abstract This collection holds an assortment of items pertaining to the 1949 Rose Bowl football game, which Northwestern won over the California Golden Bears. Items include media clippings, expense reports, souvenir programs, train menus, and other materials documenting the game, the participation of the NU Marching Band, the trip to and from Los Angeles, and related celebratory events.
"Professors I'll Never Forget" Collection and 1975 N.U. Professors Exhibit
Abstract The series consists letters from former Northwestern students answering an ad placed by Professor Harold Williamson of the N.U. History Project in the 1975 Spring issue of the Northwestern Alumni News, describing memories of favorite professors. The response to "Professors I'll Never Forget" was overwhelming, with people writing letters not only about one favorite professor but two, three, and sometimes four or five. Since the response to Professor Williamson's published...
Isaac Arthur Abt (1867-1955) Papers
Identifier: 18/3/14/2
Abstract Isaac Arthur Abt, pediatrician and Northwestern University Medical School professor, began his practice in internal medicine but gravitated to pediatrics, with a particular intererst in nutrion, and became one of the earliest specialists in the field. The Isaac Arthur Abt Papers are arranged in six main categories: biographical material; class and teaching notes; publications; addresses; clinics; and material by or related to I. A. Abt's elder son, Arthur Frederick.
Karl Abt (1923- ) Papers
Identifier: 31/6/30
Abstract Karl Abt graduated in 1948 with a B.S. in Business Administration (concentration in business management/personnel). While at Northwestern, Abt was active in the NU Band, playing clarinet and bass clarinet, the Christian Youth League, and was a member of the Sigma Nu fraternity. The Karl Abt Papers, filling four boxes, consists of materials from the courses Abt attended. Course syllabi, class notes, tests, and a few short reading assignments are included.
Ada Campbell Rose (1901-1976) Papers
Abstract The Ada Campbell Rose Papers fill two boxes and span the years 1922-1977, with the bulk of the material dating from 1957 to 1975. The Papers are arranged in four categories: biographical materials, speeches and conferences, editorial work, and writings. The biographical materials, spanning the years 1922-1977, are comprised of general personal data (including her diploma, her will, and obituaries), 1922-1977; property records, 1957-1969; financial records, 1942-1975; materials relating to her...
Jonathan Addleton Papers
Overview The Jonathan Addleton papers are comprised of magazine and journal articles, diaries, books, an oral history and other biographical material, and reports related to Addleton's personal and professional life. American diplomat and author, Jonathan S. Addleton (1957- ) received a B.S. in Journalism from Northwestern University and a Ph.D. from Tufts University.
African Curriculum Project Records
Records of the Africana Library
Agnes Nixon Papers
Identifier: 31/6/130
Abstract The Agnes Nixon Papers document the 60-year career of radio and television writer, soap-opera innovator, and NU alumna Agnes Nixon, and include biographical materials, correspondence, press clippings and advertisements, awards, photographs, written work, artifacts, and audiovisual materials.
Records of the Air Law Institute
Abstract This series is comprised of administrative records of the Air Law Institute, and covers roughly the first half of the Institute's existence. The series as a whole is made up almost exclusively of correspondence, most of which issued from or was addressed to the office of Fred Fagg.
Albert R. Crews (1908-1959) Papers
Abstract Albert R. Crews chaired Northwestern University's new Radio department from 1938-1943, teaching radio acting and writing. This series contains biographical material and published writings documenting Crews' education, teaching, and later career.
Alfred Richard (Al) Kuhn (1934-2017) Papers
Abstract The papers of tennis star Alfred R. ("Al") Kuhn, Jr. (NU 1956), document the world of competitive tennis, played at a high level, during the 1940s-50s. Papers include biographical material, clippings, programs, and photographs.
Alice Berline Kaplan Center for the Humanities Workshop Papers
Abstract The Alice Berline Kaplan Center for the Humanities Workshop Papers date between 1993 and 2007 and fill three archival boxes. The papers were written by graduate students and professors from Northwestern University and other educational institutions who were fellows or visiting faculty members participating in the ABK Center.
Guide to the Alpha Epsilon Phi (Omicron Chapter) Records
Abstract On April 2, 1921, Northwestern opened the Omicron chapter of Alpha Epsilon Phi, making Northwestern the first Midwest outpost of the sorority. This series consists of three and one-half boxes and five oversized scrapbooks containing mainly photographs but also including clippings, ephemera, and some correspondence pertaining to the Alpha Epsilon Phi sorority. These materials span the years from 1929 to 1968 but are scattered and mainly represent the chapter's membership, house activities, and...
Records of Alpha Pi Zeta
Identifier: 4/6/2
Abstract The records of the Northwestern University Chapter of Alpha Pi Zeta contain: constitutions; meeting materials; membership lists; correspondence; and financial receipts.
Alumnae of Northwestern University Records
Abstract The Alumnae of Northwestern University, originally called the Associate Alumnae, was founded in 1916. Its purpose was "to further projects of interest to the women of the University and to promote friendly intercourse between alumnae of all departments." Through their current programs - continuing education classes, NU Day, and WAA-MU patrons - the Alumnae raise funds to provide a variety of fellowships and grants to the University's students and faculty. This series is arranged in twelve major...
Records of the Executive Committee of the Alumni Association of the College of Liberal Arts
Abstract This series consists of one bound volume of the records, largely minutes, of the Executive Committee and Board of Directors, Northwestern University College of Liberal Arts Alumni Association. The records date between August 6, 1883 and June 14, 1924 and document the concerns and activities of the Board, its incorporation, formal duties, plans for alumni events, alumni scholarships and publications.
Alumni Biographical Files Dental School
Alumni Biographical Files Graduate School
Alumni Biographical Files Medical School
Repository: Northwestern University Archives X
College students--Illinois--Evanston--Photographs 35
Women college students--Illinois--Evanston 23
Greek letter societies 21
English literature--Study and teaching 20
College students--Illinois--Evanston--Societies and clubs 19
Evanston (Ill.) 18
College students--Illinois--Evanston 17
History--Study and teaching 16
Journalists 16
Law--Study and teaching 16
Medical students--Illinois--Chicago 15
Theater--Study and teaching 14
Football players 12
Music--Instruction and study 12
College students--Illinois--Evanston--Social life and customs 11
Journalism--Study and teaching 11
Economics--Study and teaching 10
English language--Study and teaching 10
Medical education--Illinois--Chicago 10
Chemistry--Study and teaching 9
College presidents--Illinois--Evanston 9
Sociology--Study and teaching 9
Business education--Illinois--Evanston 8
College theater 8
Deans (Education) 8
Mathematics--Study and teaching 8
Traffic police--Training of 8
Geology--Study and teaching 7
Political science--Study and teaching 7
Actresses 6
Art--Study and teaching 6
Authors, American--20th century 6
College student government--Illinois--Evanston 6
Education--Study and teaching 6
Lawyers--Training of--United States 6
Physics--Study and teaching 6
Traffic safety--Study and teaching 6
Women college students--Illinois--Evanston--Social life and customs 6
Academic librarians 5
Academic libraries--Illinois--Evanston 5
Anthropology--Study and teaching 5
Astronomy--Observations 5
Business schools--Illinois--Evanston 5
Dentists--Training of 5
Medicine--Study and teaching 5
Philosophy--Study and teaching 5
Preparatory schools 5
Social settlements--Illinois--Chicago 5
Speech--Study and teaching 5
Student activities--Illinois--Evanston 5
Theater--Production and direction 5
Traffic accident investigation--Study and teaching 5
Women college students--Illinois--Evanston--Societies and clubs 5
World War, 1914-1918--Registers 5
Acting--Study and teaching 4
Actors 4
Astronomers 4
Astronomy--Study and teaching 4
Chemical engineering--Study and teaching 4
Civil engineering--Study and teaching 4
Dance--Study and teaching 4
Dramatists, American 4
French language--Study and teaching--English speakers 4
German literature--Study and teaching 4
Linguistics--Study and teaching 4
Methodist Church--Clergy 4
Psychology--Study and teaching 4
Radio scripts 4
Real property--Illinois--Evanston 4
Religions--Study and teaching 4
Residents (Medicine)--Education 4
Social service--Illinois--Chicago--Societies, etc. 4
Social settlements--Illinois--Chicago--Administration 4
United States--Armed Forces--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.--World War, 1914-1918 4
Women college students--Illinois--Evanston--Diaries 4
Women--Societies and clubs 4
Adult education--Illinois--Chicago 3
Art--History--Study and teaching 3
Astronomical observatories--United States 3
Biochemistry--Study and teaching 3
Boys--Societies and clubs 3
Broadcasting--Illinois--Evanston 3
Business students--Illinois--Evanston 3
Chemical engineers 3
Children's theater 3
Classical languages--Study and teaching 3
Classical literature--Study and teaching 3
College sports--Illinois--Evanston 3
Daily Northwestern (Evanston, Ill.) 3
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Faculty 220
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.) 73
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Administration 44
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Students 42
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Students--Photographs 36
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of English 35
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Medical School 33
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). School of Speech 33
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). School of Law 32
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Alumni and alumnae 24
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of History 23
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). School of Music 20
Northwestern Wildcats (Football team) 19
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Football 17
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Library 17
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Medical School--Students 17
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Finance 16
Syllabus (Evanston, Ill.) 16
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Graduate students 13
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Photographs 13
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Theatre 13
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). University Archives 13
Medill School of Journalism--Faculty 11
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Economics 10
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Geology 10
Northwestern University Settlement (Chicago, Ill.) 10
Northwestern Alumni Association 9
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Students--Registers 9
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). College of Arts and Sciences 9
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Mathematics 9
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Technological Institute 9
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Treasurer 9
J.L. Kellogg Graduate School of Management--Administration 8
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). College of Liberal Arts 8
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Political Science 8
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). School of Commerce 8
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). School of Education 8
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Traffic Institute 8
Students Publishing Company (Northwestern University) 8
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Faculty--Societies, etc. 7
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Funds and scholarships 7
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Sports 7
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Anthropology 7
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Chemistry 7
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Psychology 7
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Sociology 7
J.L. Kellogg Graduate School of Management 6
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Buildings 6
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Buildings--Photographs 6
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Dental School 6
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Art 6
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Athletics and Recreation 6
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Chemical Engineering 6
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Philosophy 6
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Radio, Television, and Film 6
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Graduate School 6
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Office of the University Attorney 6
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). School of Business 6
Dearborn Observatory 5
Medill School of Journalism 5
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Employees 5
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Students--Yearbooks 5
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Physics 5
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Graduate School of Management 5
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). University Theatre 5
Ellmann, Richard, 1918-1987 4
Evanston Academy 4
Evanston College for Ladies 4
Herskovits, Melville J. (Melville Jean), 1895-1963 4
J.L. Kellogg Graduate School of Management--Faculty 4
National High School Institute--Students 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Faculty--Photographs 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Periodicals 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.)--Students--Societies and clubs 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Astronomy Department 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Center for Nursing 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of African American Studies 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Interpretation 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of Romance Languages 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Department of University Relations 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Division of Continuing Education 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Naval Reserve Officers' Training Corps 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Office of Graduate Medical Education 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Program in Hospital Administration 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). School of Law--Students 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). School of Music--Students 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Transportation Center 4
Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Waa-Mu Show 4
Rose Bowl (Football game) (1949 : Pasadena, Calif.) 4
Scott, Walter Dill, 1869-1955 4
Strotz, Robert H. (Robert Henry) 4
United States. Navy--Officers--Training of 4
American Hospital Supply Corporation 3
Cresap, McCormick, and Paget 3
Deering, William, 1826-1913 3
Krause, Alvina, -1981 3


text:
Q: How to recover from 'An error occurred' in iTunes? It happens every single bloody day.
At the beginning iTunes works fine. I can see my 'Recommendation' and 'Connect' in the 'For you' tab. However from time to time the following error message appears. It can happen multiple times in a day.

How can I recover from it short of restarting itune?  The 'OK' did nothing.

A: I had the same problem the other day.
I signed out from my account (go to Account -> Sign out...) and then I quit iTunes. I signed in after relaunching and everything seems to be working. It has been working fine for the last two days.


Could NATO's Second-Largest Army Be Run by Terrorists?
Turkey's former chief of staff recently walked out of a courtroom in protest of what he considers a sham trial against him. He has been imprisoned for months. So are the former heads of Navy, Air Force and Gendarmerie, as well as deputy chief of staff and hundreds of serving and retired military personnel -- all accused of terrorism or involvement in a coup plot. Yet no coup took place in Turkey over the past decade and the military has receded in influence in line with European norms.
In the most famous of Turkey's various ongoing coup investigations, the "Sledgehammer" trial investigates whether or not a 2003 war exercise was in fact a coup plan, around 250 members of the Turkish military are in jail. That includes almost 60 serving generals and admirals -- roughly 16 percent of the generals in the Turkish military. None of the suspects have been convicted.
As international concerns over the rule of law in Turkey increase, what do trials against military officials mean for NATO? With tensions along the Syrian-Turkish border rising, can NATO count on its second-largest military to play an effective role in global strategic concerns? For Turkey to play a credible role in the next 60 years of NATO, allegations against Turkey's highest military ranks need to be cleared up.
This is not to say generals should be above law or that the Turkish military should not be under civilian control. Turkey's traditionally staunchly secular military has overstepped its jurisdiction on several occasions in the past and tried to engineer politics. Since coming to power in 2002, the moderately Islamist Justice and Development Party (AKP) has done marvels to bring the military under civilian control as part of reforms toward EU criteria. But the ongoing investigations have many troubling aspects. What began as an attempt to come clean with the darkest pages of Turkey's history has spun out of control. Instead of bringing the military under civilian control, a chain of accusations and lengthy pre-trial detentions without verdicts in the famous Ergenekon and Sledgehammer cases risk undermining the rule of law and trust in Turkey's state institutions.
While Turkey's democratic transformation is important for people in Turkey and also for Europe, a military in paralysis can easily destabilize the country. Additionally, an unprecedented number of journalists are imprisoned, and concerns of the abuse of anti-terrorism laws are growing to alarming levels in Turkey. For Europe, this should be weighed in the context of enhanced cooperation on security as well.
Today, many inside and outside Turkey believe that the cases constitute to political processes based on fabricated evidence. It is unclear who benefits but it is clear that the costs and liabilities are rising for Turkey but also for NATO. Take the Sledgehammer case. Turkish and American technical forensic experts established that large amounts of evidence documents were forged. Lawyers who have alleged such forgery of evidence in court found themselves subject of new investigations along with their clients soon after.
The credibility of these trials will be of crucial importance for the future of Turkey. The foundations of the state providing NATO's second-largest army have become implicated: the functioning of the rule of law, the separation of powers and the impartiality of the judiciary.
I find it hard to believe that NATO's second-largest army and such a significant member of Western security since the Cold War has been run by terrorists all along. But politicians should not take the seat of the judge. It is Turkey's judiciary and government that are responsible for ensuring the rule of law, fundamental freedoms, due process and fair trials.
The European Parliament joined the European Commission in proposing to open up negotiation chapters for Turkey on the judiciary and fundamental freedoms. This should boost the stagnated EU accession process and could help Turkey make the necessary transitions and reforms in order to meet international standards of democracy, good governance and the rule of law.
But given the grave character of the accusations and the consequences of the verdicts of the trials against military leaders in Turkey, NATO itself should play a role. It should send observers to Turkey and monitor the trials of high-ranking (or retired) military officials. In times of heightened tensions in the Middle East, there is no room for ambivalence about the reliability of NATO's second-largest army.


Did you know most general liability and homeowner's liability policies exclude losses due to fireworks? If you set off fireworks in close proximity to your home or business, you may not be covered.
As you prepare for the upcoming Independence Day weekend, please keep in mind safety regarding fireworks. Fireworks are just that, made of fire. Remember to obey the laws of the state or city you will be in for the holiday weekend. Do not consume alcohol and set off any explosives. Always wear protective eye gear. Always light fireworks in an empty and outdoor area and never more than one firework at a time. Only adults should light any and all fireworks. Read all cautionary and performance labels on the fireworks. Keep a fire extinguisher handy in the event a firework does not perform correctly or the sparks cause a fire. Report any illegal explosives to your fire and police departments. Always dispose of any fireworks by wetting them after use and disposing in a metal trash can away from any buildings or combustible materials (2016, Consumer Product Safety Commission).
If these tips are followed, the statistics for injuries from fireworks will go down. Currently, there are about 230 people who are admitted to the emergency room a day during the weeks leading up to the holiday and the weeks after the holiday. More than 50% of those admitted were burned (2016, Consumer Product Safety Commission).
Click here for more information regarding firework safety.
Be cognizant of those around you when setting off fireworks. Many veterans of the military (dogs are included, too) suffer from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). If you know anyone who has served or currently serving and lives nearby, please be sure they are not affected by the explosives or fireworks. Currently, there are signs made for these veterans and can assist those in the community to utilize the fireworks in a safer environment for all (2016, Military with PTSD).
Click here for more information regarding those signs and how you can help.
If you would like to get a free consultation regarding your personal insurance or business insurance, please fill out the contact form below and we will be more than happy to get a quote to you.
Are Your Personal Autos Adequately Insured?


text:
Chargers run up the score on other San Diego political donors
by Leonardo Castañeda November 7, 2016 August 11, 2020 Why you can trust inewsource
A view of the downtown San Diego area where a proposed downtown stadium would stand. The Chargers are the top political donor in the city of San Diego this year. Nov. 3, 2016. Megan Wood, inewsource
The Chargers have contributed more money to a political campaign than anyone else in the city of San Diego in the last year as the team tries to persuade voters to support the ballot measure that would allow construction of a downtown stadium.
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Since November 2015, the football team has spent more than $7.6 million in support of Measure C, which would allow the so-called convadium. That's more than double the combined amount from the next nine biggest political donors this year.
Despite the hefty backing, a recent Union-Tribune/10News poll showed the measure losing support as Tuesday's election approaches.
"Money is an important element, it's helpful to get your message out," said political scientist Carl Luna. "But you can't sell it if they're not buying."
The Chargers gave almost $4 out of every $10 donated to committees supporting ballot measures and candidates in the last 12 months.
An inewsource analysis of the 10 most generous San Diego donors includes well-known political advocacy organizations and local movers and shakers.
A second stadium-related proposal, Measure D, has its own significant support. The measure also would guide the redevelopment of the existing Qualcomm stadium site in Mission Valley.
John Moores, the owner of JMI Realty and a former Padres owner, has given $245,000 to the campaign. Ballpark Village LLC, owned by JMI Realty and Lennar Homes, contributed almost $939,000 to the effort. Measure D's author, attorney Cory Briggs, contributed just under $201,000.
It's not all stadium battles
Other top contributors this election cycle include traditional Republican operations. The Chamber of Commerce has given almost $610,000 and the Lincoln Club almost $501,000. Both supported Ray Ellis for San Diego City Council and Robert Hickey for city attorney.
Ellis has since withdrawn from the campaign for the District 1 seat after narrowly surviving a primary battle against Barbara Bry. The two organizations contributed more than $570,000 to pro-Hickey committees.
The two groups also focused on two ballot measures. Together they spent $52,000 to support the Measure H campaign, which would amend the process for awarding city contracts. They also spent $200,000 to oppose Measure K. That controversial charter amendment would force a runoff on all city elections.
Well known backers like the Chamber of Commerce can mean a lot of money for campaigns. Their name recognition can also be a double-edged sword for candidates.
"Informed voters will be looking at who supports whom and simply based on associations like that they can make their choice who they're going to vote for," Luna said.
Measure K supporters drew their own big pocketed backer. The Open Society Policy Center, a nonprofit advocacy group, donated $200,000 to support K and L. Measure L would move votes on referendums and citizens' initiatives from the primary to the general election.
There's only one political party among the top contributors: The San Diego County Democratic Party distributed just under $284,000 among 10 local candidates, including about $46,000 for city attorney candidate Mara Elliot.
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From one committee to another
Labor organizations tend to be big players in San Diego politics. Some local unions have given tens of thousands of dollars to candidates and ballot measures this year. However, the only group to crack the top 10 biggest donors was the San Diego Municipal Employees Association. It contributed just under $274,000 to the Protect Neighborhood Services Now political advocacy organization.
That group in turn contributed $75,000 to support measures K and L.
The real estate investment firm Donahue Schriber rounds out the top 10 political donors in the city of San Diego during the last 12 months. The firm gave more than $186,000 to Protect San Diego's Neighborhoods, a political advocacy organization.
That group was formed in 2015 to oppose the One Paseo housing development referendum. It has not contributed to any committees in the city of San Diego so far this year.
Overall, traditionally conservative donors outspent liberal ones among the largest contributors. Republicans have an advantage among political donors that actually want to spend their money in town, Luna said.
"Democratic donors, for example, tend to give most of their big money out of the county of San Diego, they like national and state," he said. "On the Republican side, you've got the Lincoln Club, there's no real Democratic alternative."
Tagged: campaign finance, follow the money
Leonardo Castañeda
leonardo.cmgp@gmail.com
Leonardo Castañeda was a reporter and economic analyst for inewsource. To contact him with tips, suggestions or corrections, please email leocastaneda [at] inewsource [dot] org. More by Leonardo Castañeda
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San Diego Unified students are missing school at alarming rates
San Diego Unified School District officials are investigating growing chronic absenteeism rates among its students.
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You are here: Home / ColaLife Scale-up / Kit Yamoyo. Proudly Zambian.
I'm just back from a support visit to Zambia. There will only be one more such visit, in Feb-18, before the scale-up projects (KYTS-ACE and KYTS-LUSAKA) come to an end. So, perhaps inevitably, some anxiety is creeping in: have we done enough over the last two years to establish Kit Yamoyo in the Zambian market and for the product to be self-sustaining without further donor support?
During the scale-up phase the aim has been to launch 'Kit Yamoyo' as a locally produced, affordable diarrhoea treatment kit; effectively, the 'go to' treatment for childhood diarrhoea. In this process ColaLife has worked hard NOT to become part of the solution to the problem of access to diarrhoea treatment. This is crucially important. If we had become a permanent part of the solution – as so many aid agencies and NGOs do – then when we withdraw we would take a part of the solution with us and the solution would fail – as so many solutions do. When our input ends, we don't want to go out with a bang, or a whimper, we don't want anyone to notice we have gone.
We are currently doing the survey work for the KYTS-ACE endline – Rohit is in Zambia now overseeing this work – and this will help answer the "have we done enough?" question.
In the meantime, we have to rely on the anecdotes we see and hear.
This picture is one of the most positive of these anecdotes. It would certainly indicate local ownership of the product. This was taken last Thursday (9-Nov-17) in a Shoprite store in Lusaka (Manda Hill). These labels were put in place by Shoprite staff as part of a promotion of local products.


Austin-area H-E-Bs were cleaned out of their bottled water supply early Monday morning.
Austin-Bergstrom International Airport has turned off its water fountains as a result of the boil advisory.
Austin-Bergstrom International Airport has turned off its water fountains, and some concessions are only serving prepackaged food and beverages while the boil advisory is still in effect, according to the airport's Twitter account.
Local health care network Seton—under which Travis County sites Dell Seton Medical Center at The University of Texas, Seton Medical Center Austin, Dell Children's Medical Center, Seton Shoal Creek, Seton Northwest, Seton Southwest and Seton Administrative Offices operate—said in an statement Monday afternoon that its care continues with minimal disruption despite the boil water notice.
Thousands of gallons of bottled water have been distributed across its patient care site for consumption and will continue to be distributed as needed. Alcohol-based hand sanitizer is being used for hand hygiene. Bottled or boiled water is being used in cafeterias.
The sterilization process is being monitored according to strict guidelines based on industry standards, per the statement, and elective surgeries continue on a case-by-case basis at the discretion of physicians.
In addition to Austin Pets Alive, the Austin Humane Society also issued an urgent call for water bottle donations on Monday.
According to an Austin Humane Society press release, the nonprofit will need at least 50 gallons of water each day to keep all of the animals in its care hydrated and healthy.
Following the city of Austin's announcement early Monday morning of a boil water advisory, local residents, businesses and nonprofits are struggling to access clean water.
The advisory is a result of historic flooding last week, which overwhelmed Austin Water's filtering system.
While safe for showers, laundry and other household uses, any water for consumption should be boiled for three minutes before being used.
Many H-E-B stores have been emptied of their bottled water supplies following the advisory announcement.
"Once we were notified of the boil notice, we began sending additional trailers full of water and will continue to as needed," a company spokesperson said via email.
The San Antonio Water System also announced Monday morning that it had dispatched a 5,000-gallon water tanker to Austin to help residents deal with the advisory.
Austin ISD and Austin Community College District campuses remain open but are taking precautions to ensure student safety.
At AISD, drinking fountains are being covered or closed, cafeteria managers are following boiling instructions and menus have been adjusted to provide fruit and vegetable alternatives to the salad bar, which will not be open today.
Due to the advisory, some local businesses have temporarily closed, including South Austin's Bouldin Creek Cafe, both locations of Magnolia Cafe, and Jack Allen's Kitchen in North Austin, citing a lack of clean water for cooking and serving.
Austin Pets Alive posted an "urgent" request for bottled water on its Facebook page Monday morning.
"We are asking for your support today by bringing any bottled water (or water from outside Austin city limits) to the shelter. We're hearing reports that H-E-Bs have already started seeing a serious depletion in their stocks of bottled water. We have placed an order for bottled water from Amazon, but the reality is that it likely won't be enough to meet our needs and it won't be delivered immediately," the nonprofit wrote.
The city of Austin's website is down following the announcement. A spokesperson said updates can be found on the city's Twitter account in the meantime.