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Zero g porn
Added: Kandy Banh - Date: 06.08.2021 17:38 - Views: 49084 - Clicks: 526
You haven't crossed the final frontier until you've had sex in space. It's the ultimate dream: weightless lovemaking. Here are 11 awesome zero-gravity sex scenes There have long been rumors and reports that NASA astronauts have really had sex in space, but they've largely been debunked — here's Packing For Mars author Mary Roach debunking one of them.
And according to experts, actual zero-gravity sex would be unpleasant — objects thrusting against each other would have a tendency to fly apart, plus there'd zero g porn a lot of sweat. Of course, there's a lengthy and somewhat loony zero-G sex scene in Rick Moody's Four Fingers of Deathbetween two male astronauts, which has to be read to be believed. In any case, the fantasy is usually but not always better than the reality. Here, in no particular order, are a dozen zero-G sex clips:. For many of us, this is still the zero-gravity sex clip of all time — James Bond has successfully defeated Hugo Drax and his army of Aryan blond uber-menschen, with their plan to use a rare flower to poison all the genetically impure people on Earth via a space station.
It sort of makes sense, honest. And now he's celebrating his victory aboard the space shuttle with Doctor Holly Goodhead, who has perhaps the most humiliating "Bond girl" name of them all:. Mathilda May is a space vampire who's on a major killing spreeuntil an astronaut is having sex with heras they float up towards a spaceship via an energy beam — and then while they're weightless and screwing, he stabs her with a weird dagger thingy.
Actually, this scene is billed as being an example of weightless sex, but it looks like most of the actual sex takes place when they're still on the ground. They do fly naked though. If it's Barbarella, it does. We're still kind of sad we don't get to see Rose McGowan's take on this role. This is one of the few porn movies ever to be nominated for a Nebula Award.
It's also zero g porn first porn movie ever to be actually filmed in zero-G. According to Space. The scene was filmed by flying an airplane to an altitude of 11, feet. The plane, containing performers Sylvia Saint and Nick Lang, then went into a steep dive, creating the momentary illusion of weightlessness. Insiders described the filming process as particularly messy from a technical and logistical standpoint. Budgeting constraints allowed Saint and Lang, who portray astronauts, only one shot at a perfect zero-G take, leaving the actors with only a narrow second window of time in which to launch themselves toward one another and complete the scene.
Unfortunately, I couldn't even find the 20 seconds of genuine weightlessness. Most of the zero-G sex in the movie is obviously pathetically fake, like this:. From the makers of the Police Academy movies, which is pretty much all you need to know. The zero-G scene does feature Jennifer Tilly, although there's almost no nudity.
Mostly notable for some of the most ridiculous wirework ever seen, which becomes the main joke after the characters' shirts start floating around and groping each other:. This ABC summer show did not win too many people oversadly, despite promising rampant zero-G sex in its first episode. The scene is definitely cute and gets points for being well-choreographed. Here's the trailer which contains the relevant shots:.
Michael Pare plays a space cop who has to stop a killer — and prevent a deadly asteroid from crashing into the Earth at the same time. Somehow he finds time for a bit of zero g porn nookie while he's at it — this movie originally aired as part of the "Roger Corman Presents" series on Showtime, and it shows. Still, bonus points for using tight closeups and a bit of contortionism to create the impression of zero-G:.
In the middle of coping with puzzles and deathtraps inside the zero g porn cube, there's this bizarre scene where two characters get it on, and suddenly, their sex causes the axis of gravity to break and they spin around and around without any up or down:. Ah, Red Shoe Diaries. Possibly the third greatest show David Duchovny ever did. By the time the third season rolled around, they'd run through a lot of the more obvious story ideas — like a pool hustler who needs to have sex on a pool table in order to regain her focus, or Star Trek 's Tasha Yar as a cop who likes arresting hot men on trumped-up charges and then handcuffing them.
So they had to go with the zero-G episode, with a story by John Shirley. Honestly, I'm not sure what's supposed to be happening in this episode, not least because the only copy I could find was dubbed in Russian. But I think they're on a space shuttle, and some of the scenes are supposed to be in regular gravity, but then they're making out in zero-G after the shuttle separates from its booster.
And it makes them think about swimming, or riding a horse, or talking about their feelings in front of a picture of our planet. I need David Duchovny to explain this to me. There have been a lot of Draculas over the years — but only one of them has had flown a woman up to the ceiling and had microgravity sex. Suck it, Lugosi! This film may have its detractors, but it certainly has a lot of awesome nudity, including the naked cryo-chambers, plus Robin Tunney getting floaty and flirty in this scene:.
Plus this brief snippet of James Spader and Angela Bassett which apparently is just an outtake of Tunney and Peter Facinelli, digitally altered :. And then, as promised, one real-life clip of sex in space. I hope you like fish porn. This experiment was carried out aboard the Space Shuttle Columbia in Julyand a video tape is available free of zero g porn from Dr. Kenichi Ijiri. Here's the video:. The A. By Charlie Jane Anders. No Moontrap with Walter Koenig? For shame!
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Zero-gravity porn: Shooting sex in space comes at a stiff cost


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Q: Aggregating features values based on name attribute and geometry in QGIS In QGIS 3.28.1 I have a map with many points (it does not contain polygons and lines), and there are some duplicate points on top of each other in the same geographic location, and I would like to aggregate these points when they are in the exact same place + have the same name.
I tried doing an aggregate with the expression:
geom_to_wkb($geometry)

This aggregates all points that are in the same place regardless of their names.
I tried to use the expression:
geom_to_wkb($geometry) AND name

But that didn't work
Mu input:

My desired output:

Can you help me find the appropriate expression for the aggregate of points duplicated in the same place and with the same name?

A: Instead of using logical operator AND, try the ||-joint:
geom_to_wkt($geometry) || "name"

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Human Development,
Medicaid expansion may help shrink health gaps between black and white babies
Better access to health care is reducing disparities, a study of 15.6 million infants finds
Sujata Gupta
11:05am, April 23, 2019
SHRINKING DISPARITIES A new study suggests that expanding Medicaid helps close racial health gaps between black and white newborns.
Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock
Black babies in the United States are twice as likely as white infants to be born at low birth weight, and 1.5 times as likely to be born prematurely. But states that expanded Medicaid health care coverage as part of the 2010 Affordable Care Act may be shrinking that racial health gap, a study finds.
Researchers analyzed birth certificate data in 18 states plus Washington, D.C., that had expanded Medicaid coverage to include more low-income citizens from 2014 to 2016, and in 17 states that did not. The team compared health outcomes of about 15.6 million babies born from 2011 to 2016 of all ethnicities across four categories: very preterm (born before 37 weeks), preterm (before 32 weeks), very low birth weight and low birth weight.
Disparities in health outcomes for black and white babies across all four categories shrank following the expansion of Medicaid in affected states, but were unchanged or increased in nonexpansion states. For instance, for low birth rate babies, black babies fared better so the gap between black and white infants decreased 7.7 percent for expansion states, but increased 4 percent in nonexpansion states, the team reports April 23 in JAMA.
Premature or small babies can go on to have healthy lives, but are at a higher risk of infant mortality and of long-term health problems, compared with full-term babies born at a healthy weight. The new research shows that improved access to health care translates to thousands of black lives saved or transformed, says pediatrician Consuelo Beck-Sagué of Florida International University in Miami, who was not part of the study.
The Affordable Care Act gives states the option of making more low-income people eligible for Medicaid benefits, which has given more poor mothers uninterrupted access to health care for longer time periods postdelivery. Earlier, some low-income women given state health care while pregnant lost that coverage 60 days after giving birth.
By "providing women with continual health insurance, rather than giving them insurance for their [delivery] and then taking that insurance away, … you create healthier mothers and healthier babies," says study coauthor Mick Tilford, a health economist at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences in Little Rock.
The fact that Medicaid has been expanded unevenly around the country allowed researchers to compare different outcomes for new moms and their babies, says pediatric researcher Howard Bauchner, the editor-in-chief of JAMA who cowrote an editor's note published alongside the study. "We're never going to assign people randomly to insurance or not, so this is the best we can do," he says.
Looking at babies of all ethnicities together, those born in states that expanded Medicaid showed slight improvements in the four analyzed health outcomes, while states that did not expand the benefits remained the same or worsened slightly. Those results, however, were not statistically significant, in part because the 2.2 million black infants in the study — who were most impacted — made up a small proportion the total 15.6 million babies born, the researchers say.
Beck-Sagué says the new research helps explain her previous work with colleague Chintan Bhatt, also of Florida International University, which showed a 14.5 percent reduction in black infant mortality between 2014 to 2016 — lowering the number of deaths from almost 12 to 10 for every 1,000 births in Medicaid expansion states. "Low birth weight and immaturity have such huge implications for the health and development of these children," Beck-Sagué says.
C. Brown et al. Association of state Medicaid expansion status with low birth weight and preterm birth. JAMA. Vol. 321, April 23, 2019, p. 1598. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.3678.
H. Bauchner and K Maddox. Medicaid expansion and birth outcomes. JAMA. Vol. 321, April 23, 2019, p. 1609.
N. Seppa. Massachusetts insurance mandate lowers death rate. Science News. Vol. 185, May 31, 2014, p. 14.
J. Raloff. Medicare changes threaten access to radiation therapy. Science News Online, September 3, 2009.
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THE SECOND EDITION OF THE INCADAQUÉS OPEN CALL IS NOW ACCEPTING NEW SUBMISSIONS!
ALL APPLICATIONS MUST BE COMPLETE IN ORDER TO BE CONSIDERED VALID!
A PRESELECTION OF THE FAVORITES PHOTOS WILL BE PUBLISHED ON OUR INSTAGRAM @IN_CADAQUES.
THE TWO IMAGES THAT HAVE RECEIVED THE MOST "LIKES" WILL BE PUBLISHED IN THE CATALOG INCADAQUES 2019 IN RISOGRAPHY.
exhibition expenses (prints) will be covered by the festival & THE GRANON DIGITAL LAB.
Thank you to all of you who participated in our 2018 Open Call!
KeniChi asano, neal badache, steffen ebert, maxime fardeau, barbara fernandez, JONK, maria munzi, jean-pierre porcher, manel quiros, maxime reyniÉ, ALEXANDra serrano, camille szKlorz, dominique wildermann, Keita yasukawa.
(Head of Granon Digital), PATRICK J.DOMKEN (Gallerist), WILFRID ESTÈVE (Head of Studio Hans Lucas), FRANCESC FÀBREGAS (President of Formentera Fotogràfica), ESTHER FRIEDMAN (Photographer), NEIL JORDAN (Film director), HUC MALLA (Gallerist & Curator).


Why does an hour last 60 minutes? Why does a minute last 60 seconds? What are "minutes" and "seconds," really? A minute is just the duration you arrive at if you divide an hour into 60 equal segments. Seconds are merely what you get if you divide hours by 60 a second time.


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Paywall still there. You must always be a subscriber to the WSJ to get full story. Can you link to another site that carries a reprint of the story for free??
Since the beginning of the internet the WSJ his been notoriously stingy with their content. They were one of the first websites that charged to view everything on their site, and that was from the day they launched! And I guess they should charge because they are now one of the few business news sources that actually does real, old fashioned reporting. Most others are rushing around, throwing stories together, just to create "click-bait".


All the provisions of the Convention concluded between His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the United States of America, on 3 July 1815, and further continued for the term of 10 years by the IVth Article of the Convention of 20 October 1818, with the exception therein contained as to St Helena, are hereby further indefinitely, and without the said exception, extended and continued in force, from the date of the expiration of the said 10 years, in the same manner as if all the provisions of the said Convention of 3 July 1815, was herein specifically recited.
It shall be competent, however, to either of the Contracting Parties, in case either should think fit, at any time after the expiration of the said 10 years, that is, after 20 October 1828, on giving due notice of 12 months to the other Contracting Party, to annul and abrogate this Convention; and it shall, in such case be accordingly entirely annulled and abrogated, after the expiration of the said term of notice.
The present Convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged in 9 months, or sooner if possible.
DONE at London, the 6th day of August, in the year of our Lord 1827.


Back in November 2010 it was announced overnight that submissions had been taken, narrowed to two, and a winner selected (St. Ann's Warehouse) to redevelop Dumbo's long-shuttered, Civil War-era Tobacco Warehouse on Water Street. All seemed poised to continue moving swiftly, but after two lawsuits were filed against the project last week, the U.S. Justice Department has ordered the National Park Service to review the process that set the redevelopment project in motion.
Namely, the project was contingent on the National Park Service (NPS) annexing the Tobacco Warehouse from the the nearby Brooklyn Bridge Park, which basically amounts to removing a historical structure from public space and making it private. While the NPS reviews its decision, the Justice Department has advised the City government to consider the warehouse still under the jurisdiction of the NPS.
Last week the Brooklyn Heights Association, the Fulton Ferry Landing Association and the New York Landmarks Conservancy filed two lawsuits in state court against the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation (NYSOP) and the Brooklyn Bridge Park Corporation accusing the NYSOP of illegally removing the Tobacco Warehouse from the federally protected park in the Fulton Ferry Historic District. They're also suing the Park Service in federal court, alleging that they "performed no meaningful diligence at all" when transferring the property to a private developer. And the privatizing of state-owned land is exactly the type of process that merits a great deal of diligence, public input and transparency it it's to happen at all, which remains far from certain.
Oscarbartion: The King's Speech Americanizes the M-m-m-m-Monarchy!
The St. Ann's Warehouse project wasn't "contingent on the….NPS…annexing the Tobacco Warehouse from…Brooklyn Bridge Park": quite the opposite, it was dependent on the determination by NPS to remove the Tobacco Warehouse site from federally protected park land, which allowed BBP to allow St. Ann's to develop the site.


Abstract: A flexible, plane-by-plane, direct-write, femtosecond-laser inscription method for tailored, tilted fibre Bragg gratings (TFBGs) is presented. We characterize 10th order gratings in the C-to-O bands and their refractometric sensitivity with grating order.
Rights: © 2018 The Author(s).


Our team was able to provide 3,000 sanitary napkins (a one-year supply) for the girls in Endonyolasho, thanks to your generosity!
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On July 16, we turned the porch of the Endonyolasho Clinic into a movie screen for our Cinema under the Stars Event. Using the battery from our van, inverters, and some IT creativity, we were able to show the Endonyolasho community the documentary made about them.
Our van powering our movie projector for our Cinema Under the Stars event in Endonyolasho.
They walked many hours to come to clinic and they were thirsty!
James, has been an enthusiastic participant in our health trainings the last two years and plans to come back to Endonyolasho to work as a doctor. He's off to secondary school (high school) next year! We wish you so many blessings James, you will be a light to many!
Endonyolasho Clinic re-stocked and ready!


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ST. CHARLES, MO. (KPLR) - There's a battle in St. Charles over a decades-old ordinance forbidding live music in one section of town. Businesses in the historic section of South Main Street are forbidden from having live acts. Many are hoping to change that.
At the Millstream Inn, manager Dave Capp doesn't really understand the opposition. He wants what he describes as "low key, acoustic" acts to play on his back patio. He sees it as a way to help business.
"The more money we make the more taxes we pay so it would seem to be a help and not a hindrance," he said.
But some residents in the area are dead set against it, concerned that the party section of North Main Street will make its way to their area.
Many in the area are hoping politicians will find common ground.
"I understand preserving the integrity of this area which I think is very important, but I think if they put a curfew on when they can start and on when they end I don't think it would impede on the integrity on it or on the businesses," Kay Grossenbacher told us on her way to dinner.
A proposal to allow live acts during certain time periods was introduced before the council Thursday night. It's likely to be a few weeks before it comes to a vote.


text:
layout: post
date:	2009-10-05 10:26:00
title:  Votzit?
tags: [archived-posts]
categories: archives
permalink: /:categories/:year/:month/:day/:title/
---
Just back from a very enjoyable trip to

 the City of Brotherly Love

Thanks to Madhumsita and Kusi, I had a whale of a time:

(Philadelphia is ..er..phill of murals.)

Lots of photos to follow, but meanwhile:

I got the following photograph quite by chance...votzit? One guess allowed per person :)

Off to sleep now...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Seth Wescott eyes return to snowboard cross
By Nick ZaccardiSep 17, 2015, 9:15 AM EDT
Two-time Olympic champion Seth Wescott will compete this season for the first time since missing the Sochi Olympic team, according to the Portland (Maine) Press Herald.
"I'm not concerned with my results right now," Wescott, a 39-year-old Maine native, said, according to the report. "I want to see my speed back in the time trials. I look at this as a rebuilding year."
Wescott last competed at the January 2014 Winter X Games, bowing out in the quarterfinals and seeing Nick Baumgartner earn the last spot on the U.S. Olympic team.
Wescott won the first two Olympic men's snowboard cross titles in 2006 and 2010 and hoped in Sochi to become the first American man to win three golds in the same Winter Olympic event.
He could still be the first to do so in Pyeongchang, though at 41 would be older than any previous Olympic snowboarder, according to sports-reference.com.
Wescott underwent a complete reconstruction of his left ACL in April 2013 after falling into an Alaska crevasse while shooting part of a film for ski and snowboard director Warren Miller. He tore the ACL and broke his tibia and skipped the 2014-15 season for recovery.
"I had a little tightness in my knee on day one, but all the pain I was experiencing in my patella tendon last year is gone," Wescott said, according to newspaper.
The World Cup snowboard cross season starts in December.
MORE: Fenway Park to host big air snowboarding/skiing event
Tags: olympics, Seth Wescott, Snowboardcross, snowboarding, winter olympics, Seth Wescott


Congress banks on Ampati by election to become single largest party in Meghalaya, Revenue minister Kyrmen Shylla claimed that coalition government in Meghalaya will last full term.
Congress had won 21 seats in the assembly polls recently however after vacating of Ampati seat its number came down to 20.
GUWAHATI: The by polls to Ampati constituency has assumed significance for congress ambition of staking claim to form government in Meghalaya depends on the outcome of Ampati election.
Following the Karantaka example where BJP was invited to form government by virtue of being the single largest party, Congress staked claim to form government in Manipur and in Meghalaya the party is waiting for the outcome of the by polls slated for May 28.
Election to Ampati was necessitated following former Chief Minister; Mukul Sangma won both Ampati and Songsak seats decided to leave the Ampati seat. Congress has fielded Mukul's daughter Miani D Shira as the candidate.
National People's Party (NPP) had won 19 seats in the assembly polls however NPP increased its tally as it won the Willamnagar seat, the election to which was postponed following the death of one of the candidate.
Congress leader in Meghalaya and former Minister Deborah Marak had stated that party will take a call only after the by poll to Ampati constituency is over.
"At present the party leaders are busy with Ampati by polls. However, we are going to take a call after the polls are over," said Marak.
Meghalaya's Revenue Minister Kyrmen Shylla on Tuesday send a loud and clear message to the people of Ampati constituency that the coalition with NPP, United Democratic Party (UDP) and other partners will last full term.
"Don't dare to even think of breaking our relationship with NPP and others. We will stand together and ensure progress and prosperity for Meghalaya", said Shylla addressing election rallies at Murchapani and Garabokmangre under Ampati constituency.
Shylla said that under the leadership of Conrad K. Sangma the people of Meghalaya has renewed their hope and aspirations and are looking forward that he will bring about positive change and development in the State.
"Meghalaya Democratic Alliance will stand united and together. All the regional parties have full support and faith in the leadership of Conrad K. Sangma. I assure that this relationship of the coalition will not just last five years but beyond," asserted Shylla.
He said in the rally in Ampati that people were lucky to have a candidate like Clement G. Momin, who will be part of the new Government. "The agenda of our Government is to create a new Meghalaya and why should the people of Ampati be left behind," Shylla added.
For the past one week, NPP and its partners are camping in Ampati constituency to woo the voters to unite with NPP and break the Congress in Ampati, a stronghold of Mukul Sangma.
"The by-election is very important for NPP as this will demonstrate that Ampati is ready to embrace change and are willing to be in the ruling side, a Government that promises to ensure overall growth and development," said Conrad K. Sangma.


Featuring Jennifer Alicia from the 2018 TPS Team! Jennifer Alicia is a queer, mixed (Mi'kmaq/Settler) spoken word artist originally from Ktaqmkuk (Newfoundland), now residing in Tkaronto, Ontario. She is a Canadian National Poetry Slam Champion, arts educator, activist, and member of Seeds & Stardust: an Indigenous women's poetry collective. Jennifer Alicia's poetry tells stories of love and rage.


text:
TD Thanks Customers & Colleagues for Highest Rating in Customer Satisfaction Among Big Five Canadian Retail Banks
TORONTO, May 2, 2019 (Canada NewsWire via COMTEX) -- Focused on legendary personal and connected omni-channel experiences to drive customer confidence, TD Canada Trust receives top marks in J.D. Power Study
TD Canada Trust is proud to be named highest in overall customer satisfaction among the big five Canadian retail banks by J.D. Power in its 2019 Canada Retail Banking Satisfaction Study. This recognition reflects direct feedback from thousands of retail banking consumers who were surveyed by J.D. Power about their experiences with their retail bank.
"We're delighted to receive this recognition from our customers," said Teri Currie, Group Head, Canadian Personal Banking. "We are more focused than ever on what matters most to our customers - helping them confidently achieve their financial goals and aspirations in moments that matter."
According to the study, TD Canada Trust ranked highest in overall satisfaction, convenience and channel activities and was recognized for being customer-driven and innovative.
"As customer expectations evolve - and increase - TD is investing to deliver elevated advice and personalized, omni-channel experiences across our branch network, by phone, mobile, online banking options and through our ATM network. My heartfelt thanks to our TD colleagues across the country for everything they do to enrich the lives of our customers and communities and bring legendary experiences to life every day."
About the Canada Retail Banking Satisfaction StudyThe Canada Retail Banking Satisfaction Study measures customers' satisfaction in six factors (listed in alphabetical order): channel activities; communication and advice; convenience; new account opening; problem resolution; and products and fees. Channel activities include seven subfactors (listed in alphabetical order): assisted online service; ABM; branch service; call centre service; IVR/automated phone service; mobile banking; and online banking. The study is based on responses from over 15,000 retail banking customers of Canada's largest and midsized banks regarding their experiences with their retail bank. It was fielded over two waves in June/July 2018 and January 2019.
About TD Bank Group The Toronto-Dominion Bank and its subsidiaries are collectively known as TD Bank Group ("TD" or the "Bank"). TD is the sixth largest bank in North America by branches and serves more than 25 million customers in three key businesses operating in a number of locations in financial centres around the globe: Canadian Retail, including TD Canada Trust, TD Auto Finance Canada, TD Wealth (Canada), TD Direct Investing, and TD Insurance; U.S. Retail, including TD Bank, America's Most Convenient Bank®, TD Auto Finance U.S., TD Wealth (U.S.), and an investment in TD Ameritrade; and Wholesale Banking, including TD Securities. TD also ranks among the world's leading online financial services firms, with more than 12 million active online and mobile customers. TD had $1.3 trillion in assets on January 31, 2019. The Toronto-Dominion Bank trades under the symbol "TD" on the Toronto and New York Stock Exchanges.
About J.D Power J.D. Power is a global leader in consumer insights, advisory services and data and analytics. These capabilities enable J.D. Power to help its clients drive customer satisfaction, growth and profitability. Established in 1968, J.D. Power has offices serving North America, South America, Asia Pacific and Europe.
SOURCE TD Bank Group
View original content: http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/May2019/02/c4841.html
SOURCE: TD Bank Group
TD: Carla Hindman, Manager, Corporate & Public Affairs, Carla.Hindman@td.com, (416) 350-9102
Copyright (C) 2019 CNW Group. All rights reserved.
Tips from a guy who managed to live in Manhattan on a $40,000 salary and still max out his 401(k) contributions
Stay bearish because the 'Big Low' for stocks hasn't arrived yet, says Bank of America


Salmon fish farm. Bergen, Norway.
Salmon fish farm in fjord. Norway, Bergen.
Tilapia Fish swimming in a pond.
Many big fish were caught on the fishing grounds by workers.
Farm salmon fishing Aerial FPV drone photography.
Vietnamese woman sitting repair the fish net.
School of European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax) Mediterranean sea.


Come and join in the arty craft fun for families over the festive season.
Get involved with our 'Magical Materials' theme by embellishing your own felt Christmas tree decoration.
You can choose from a flat, 2D hanging decoration or an upright 3D tree.


text:
Q: React Native generate thumbnail for video url I have videos that I'd like to present as thumbnails before a user clicks on them for the full video. They are not local, I only have the url. Is there a RN component to do this? The RN Image component does not take videos urls as sources.

A: It's possible using Expo Video Thumbnail library
just like this example
import React from 'react';
import { StyleSheet, Button, View, Image, Text } from 'react-native';
import * as VideoThumbnails from 'expo-video-thumbnails';

export default class App extends React.Component {
  state = {
    image: null,
  };

  generateThumbnail = async () => {
    try {
      const { uri } = await VideoThumbnails.getThumbnailAsync(
        'http://d23dyxeqlo5psv.cloudfront.net/big_buck_bunny.mp4',
        {
          time: 15000,
        }
      );
      this.setState({ image: uri });
    } catch (e) {
      console.warn(e);
    }
  };

  render() {
    const { image } = this.state;
    return (
      <View style={styles.container}>
        <Button onPress={this.generateThumbnail} title="Generate thumbnail" />
        {image && <Image source={{ uri: image }} style={{ width: 200, height: 200 }} />}
        <Text>{image}</Text>
      </View>
    );
  }
}

const styles = StyleSheet.create({
  container: {
    flex: 1,
    justifyContent: 'center',
    alignItems: 'center',
    backgroundColor: '#F5FCFF',
  },
});

-UPDATE-
another way to do this is using video library without playing the video and the controllers
example:
npm install --save react-native-video

import Video from 'react-native-video';

// Within your render function, assuming you have a file called
// "background.mp4" in your project. You can include multiple videos
// on a single screen if you like.

<Video source={{uri: "background"}}   // Can be a URL or a local file.
       paused={true}
controls={false}
/>

in this example, it will display the video without playing it, so basically will give you the thumbnail.
P.S: Not recommended if you have multiple videos in the same view more than 10.

A: Not possible. Video thumbnail cannot be auto-generated from video URL. It should be created and stored along with the video in backend database and when RN app receives video URL, it should receive thumbnail URL too. Then you can use Image and TouchableOpacity components to add pressing behavior on the thumbnail.
However, if you use Youtube videos only, then react-native-thumbnail-video might be a quick solution to your problem.

A: Unfortunately there is no react-native component/api that does this. However, you can leverage native OS apis (AVAssetImageGenerator on ios and MediaMetadataRetriever on android) to generate thumbnails from video url in your react-native app.
For a quick solution, you can use react-native-create-thumbnail. It's a wrapper around the above mentioned system apis and supports both remote and local videos.

A: You can do this with the following steps:
Step 1: Install the "react-native-link-preview" package on current project using this command:
yarn add react-native-link-preview

Step 2: This is the code where you can get link details: like link title, link thumbnail images, etc.
LinkPreview.getPreview('https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MejbOFk7H6c')
        .then(data => console.debug(data));

Full Code:
import React, { Component } from 'react';
import { Text, View, FlatList, Image } from 'react-native';
import LinkPreview from 'react-native-link-preview';

let links = [
    {
        link: 'https://aws.amazon.com/'
    },
    {
        link: 'https://firebase.google.com/'
    },
    {
        link: 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kmiw4FYTg2U'
    },
    {
        link: 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/React_Native'
    },
    {
        link:'https://stackoverflow.com/'
    }
];

export default class App extends Component {
    constructor(props) {
        super(props);
        this.state = {
            linkData: []
        };
    }

    async componentDidMount() {
        let _tempLinkData = [];
        for (let link of links) {
            await LinkPreview.getPreview(link.link)
                .then(data => {
                    console.debug("Data : ", data);
                    let _newLinkDetails = {
                        link: link.link,
                        title: data.title,
                        thumbnail: data.images[0]
                    };
                    _tempLinkData.push(_newLinkDetails);
                });

        }
        this.setState({ linkData: _tempLinkData });
    }

    render() {
        return (
            <View style={{ marginTop: 35 }}>
                <FlatList
                    contentContainerStyle={{ paddingHorizontal: 20}}
                    data={this.state.linkData}
                    renderItem={({ item }) => (
                        <View style={{ flex: 1, flexDirection: "row", padding: 5 }}>
                            <Image
                                style={{ width: 50, height: 50 }}
                                source={{ uri: item.thumbnail }}
                            />
                            <View style={{ marginLeft: 10, }}>
                                <Text style={{ fontSize: 16, lineHeight: 20, }}>{item.title}</Text>
                                <View style={{ flex: 1, flexDirection: "row", justifyContent: "space-between", }}>
                                    <Text style={{ fontSize: 16, lineHeight: 20, color: "#a1a1a1" }}>{item.link}</Text>
                                </View>
                            </View>
                        </View>
                    )}

                    keyExtractor={(item, index) => String(index)}
                />
            </View>

        );
    }
}

A: I used this package React Native Create Thumbnail to create thumbnail from the video URL. Read the documentation it's so easy to use.

A: It can be very easily done now using expo-video-thumbnails
Installation:
expo install expo-video-thumbnails

Example Code:
import React, { useState } from 'react';
import { StyleSheet, Button, View, Image, Text } from 'react-native';
import * as VideoThumbnails from 'expo-video-thumbnails';

export default function App() {
  const [image, setImage] = useState(null);

  const generateThumbnail = async () => {
    try {
      const { uri } = await VideoThumbnails.getThumbnailAsync(
        'http://d23dyxeqlo5psv.cloudfront.net/big_buck_bunny.mp4',
        {
          time: 15000,
        }
      );
      setImage(uri);
    } catch (e) {
      console.warn(e);
    }
  };

  return (
    <View style={styles.container}>
      <Button onPress={generateThumbnail} title="Generate thumbnail" />
      {image && <Image source={{ uri: image }} style={styles.image} />}
      <Text>{image}</Text>
    </View>
  );
}

Source:
https://docs.expo.dev/versions/latest/sdk/video-thumbnails/#videothumbnailsoptions

A: For Android only:
Turns out you can just use <Image /> or <FastImage /> and pass the video source, you just can't choose the specific time/frame to use for the thumbnail. Way less hassle tbh.
Source: https://github.com/react-native-camera/react-native-camera/issues/700
Using Expo's VideoThumbnail package was a nightmare, and always ended up crashing the app when trying to call generateThumbnail() on null...

A: Its possible to use Following code
<ImageBackground>
       <View style={{alignItems:'center',marginTop:'50%'}}>
                 <Icon name='caret-forward-circle-outline' size={50} color={'#000'}/>
       </View>
</ImageBackground>

-Note
i think its not Work in IOS but its possible in android

A: Im using react-native-ffmpeg to export thumnails:

ffmpeg -i input.flv -ss 00:00:14.435 -frames:v 1 out.png

See this link


Even though this video is two years old its only right that for #TBT I did a rare No rate on a few local artist from St. Petersburg. Fo-Sheezy, Franchise, and Boweeva are similar in content but all very different in their delivery. Each man displays his own persona and all compliment the song. Given that it is based off one of the most popular comedians out now "Kevin Hart" the cameos from random people saying a popular line from one of Hart's skits from his stand up "Laugh at My Pain" made the video enjoyable. I did like each artist and hope you guys enjoy this #TBT video.


I have been taking my toddler to Evensong.
He's a good sport about it. Mostly.
He's thumbed through a few Books of Common Prayer in his time. (We may have inadvertently crinkled a few pages in a prayer book at your church. If so, please accept our apologies!) He's less interested in the hymnal. Usually he has a soft animal or something of the kind, too. Maybe an emergency vehicle.
The very first Evensong we attended together must have been at St. James's Episcopal Church in Richmond, Virginia. It was a full house that day, and I had to carry him through the gallery in his infant carseat. It was crowded. People made room. I was the weird dad who was bringing his baby to Evensong. He could only have been three months old, tops.
He had heard me sing before. Heck, I did it the day he was born. But that was the first time he heard me sing in a room full of other people singing.
His whole face lit up.
I could read the joyful relief on his face. It was like, "hey, dad's not crazy! He's just doing this thing that other people do!"
It was a pretty great first outing.
Other services were not so glamorous, or well-attended. And often on these occasions he was more unruly. He was noticeably unimpressed with my singing and would sometimes sabotage my efforts to manage a hymnal.
I mean it's not like Sunday morning where someone is going to very helpfully let you know about the nursery (sometimes with transparent motives). It's Evensong. There's probably not any childcare because, I mean, come on, who brings a baby to Evensong?
As it turns out, we've actually been doing this fairly regularly for a couple years at this point.
"Evensong!" He likes the word. He was proud to say it. He knows what it's about.
I don't know about you, but it's pretty easy to get to Evensong where we live. Here in St. Louis if it's the first or third Sunday of the month we can head over to the Church of St. Michael & St. George. If it's the fourth Sunday of the month we can go the Cathedral downtown. And this has the added excitement of seeing the Gateway Arch through the front windshield now that his carseat faces forward. ("Arch!" I hear from the back, the first time it slides into view.) Other parishes in town have Evensong services on occasion, and we try to take those in too. And, heck, he can even come to my place (but his mom has to sit with him) if it happens to be the second Sunday of the month.
And I thought this was all just in good fun until this last time. But something changed for us. It became real.
I should have known something was different when he said "Evensong." He has more and more to say these days, and it was exciting to hear him say this word.
But there we were in the service, and we got to the prayers. And that's when it happened.
Now, mind you, we say the Lord's Prayer at home. Or, more accurately, I say it while he listens. But it's part of the bedtime routine, just like brushing teeth, and you can't really be sure how much of that is sinking in. But we say it at home; we don't sing it. And it never really occurred to me that this little person on the kneeler to my right would remember all these words so clearly in a gothic cathedral downtown, recognize what was going on, and spontaneously join in on a monotone with the rest of the congregation.
There's a phrase I use a lot, and I am quite sure that I stole it from someone, but I can't remember who. And Google is no help here at all. So maybe I made it up, but I don't think so.
And that phrase is this: "God's very being draws praise from our lips".
After all, what is it that causes people everywhere, from the countryside to the big city, to get up early in the morning, gather again in the afternoon, and even late in the evening in some places to sing praise to God?
If the morning church service still bears the cultural residue of institutionalized/secular religion – a service of "duty" if you will – Evensong has long enjoyed freedom from this – a service of "delight".
At Evensong there is no Baptism or Communion. In most places there's no sermon either. The liturgy and the music are the order of the day. They stand alone, without "ulterior motive". They are their own sacrament, in a way.
This is an incredible place – physical, temporal, spiritual – in which to be. Evensong is a real gift to our harried age.
And so I hope that if you see us or your friendly neighborhood toddler mishandling a prayer book at Evensong you will remember that "Christ doth call / one and all", even the tiny and small.
And if you love Evensong maybe you'll be inspired to invite a young (or any-age) person to go with you (there are often snacks afterward). Or maybe you'll simply consider going yourself if you haven't already made a habit of it.
Obviously I don't know if my son will still find Evensong interesting next week, let alone next year. I sort of hope he does as he grows older, but mostly I hope that he finds something like this that he genuinely loves and that feeds his spirit.
I know that I have really valued these times I have spent in worship with him in the late afternoon. For us, the primary reason is one of logistics: since I am a professional church musician, we don't have the opportunity to share the same pew on Sunday mornings very often.
And I know that, yes, God's very being draws praise from our lips, but it certainly helps if someone will teach us some words.


text:
Tony Joe White
No News Is Good News
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swamp rock
3 more albums featuring this track
Swamp Alligator
Takin' The Midnight Train
Chill Out (Sacalo)
Vargas Blues Band
El Alma
The Only Thing
Crying Won' t Help You
I Guess I Showed Her
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Who's Been Talking
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J.J. Cale
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Tony Joe White (Oak Grove, Louisiana, July 23, 1943 - October 24, 2018) was an American swamp rock singer-songwriter and guitarist, best known for his 1969 hit "Polk Salad Annie" and for "Rainy Night in Georgia", which he wrote but was first made popular by Brook Benton in 1970. He also wrote "Steamy Windows" and "Undercover Agent for the Blues", both hits for Tina Turner in 1989; those two songs came by way of Turner's producer at the time, Mark Knopfler, who is a friend of White. "Polk Salad Annie" was also recorded by Elvis P… read more
Tony Joe White (Oak Grove, Louisiana, July 23, 1943 - October 24, 2018) was an American swamp rock singer-songwriter and guitarist, best known for his 1969 hit "Polk Salad Annie" … read more
Tony Joe White (Oak Grove, Louisiana, July 23, 1943 - October 24, 2018) was an American swamp rock singer-songwriter and guitarist, best known for his 1969 hit "Polk Salad Annie" and for "Rainy Night in Georgia", wh… read more
Snowy White
Blues Company
Alvin Lee


I wanted to take another rest day really bad, but I made myself go down to the gym, put the treadmill on an incline of 13 and walk for a little over an hour. I turned the gps off on my Garmin and wore the heart rate monitor to track my calorie burn. My goal was to hit 400 calories. Crushed it!
I had a ton of tortillas that I needed to use up so lunch was sweet chili chicken wraps. Apparently McDonalds makes something similar, but seeing as theirs involves mayonnaise and fried chicken and all the inches both will add to the badonkadonk, I'm gonna go ahead and say my concoction was better.
I stir fried shredded carrots, onions, baby spinach, and baked chicken and added some Trader Joe's sweet chili sauce at the end. I served them on some Low Carb wheat tortillas (45 calories per tortilla) and called it lunch. It wasn't half bad. I watched last night's Game of Thrones episode while I ate. Winter is coming, and I am excited. If you don't get the reference, google it.
The rest of my day consisted of Bad Movie Monday, brought to my apartment by Netflix. I watched the Cabin in the Woods which is basically what would happen if The Hunger Games had an ill-advised tryst with the House on Haunted Hill and bad movie baby makes three. As far as bad movies go it made for a pretty good Monday afternoon.


text:
LOUD LUXURY & SHIP WREK TEASE "AMNESIA" ft. GASHI OUT MARCH 4TH
(Toronto, CA – March 1, 2021) – Diamond certified, 2x JUNO Award winning, Canadian DJ-duo Loud Luxury team up with prodigious electronic DJs on the rise, Ship Wrek, to release the official music video for "Amnesia" featuring GASHI, this Thursday, March 4th.
About the collaboration, Loud Luxury says, "We both used to play in bands when we were younger so it was awesome returning to our roots and working on something that had that type of energy. We've been big fans of Ship Wrek, playing out tons of their tracks on tour, and felt like it was a matter of time before doing something together. Once we got to know GASHI, it was the icing on the cake. He complimented this song perfectly and we're super stoked that it's yours to enjoy."
Ship Wrek adds, "We started this record around the time everything shut down because of COVID. Around the same period, we met the Loud Luxury guys and started talking about working together. We all wanted to try something kind of outside the box and decided to work on 'Amnesia.' We've been really inspired by what the punk/alternative scene has been doing right now and on this record we wanted to merge two worlds together to create a harsher electronic sound. Since none of us were touring we had time to hang out and really focus on it. We're all very proud of this record and can't wait for the world to hear it."
Watch the teaser for the official video HERE.
CONNECT WITH LOUD LUXURY:
Instagram | Facebook | Twitter | Spotify
CONNECT WITH SHIP WREK:
CONNECT WITH GASHI:
Instagram | Facebook | Twitter |Spotify


Part art class, part cabaret, join us for 3 hours of drinking, drawing and decadence! You bring the art supplies and we'll bring you the most beautiful, bizarre and outrageous models for your sketching delectation! Hosted by Shary Contrary, Dr Sketchy Vancouver brings you the most dazzling burlesque dancers, the most bizarre circus performers, and the most rippling hunks of boylesque.
What was started by Molly Crabapple as a little event in New York has now spread to over 90 cities across the globe!
Dr Sketchy Vancouver doesn't have any testimonials yet.


A benefit concert for the Interfaith Emergency Winter Shelter will be held at St. Thomas Lutheran Church, 3800 E. Third Street, tonight, October 19, at 7:30 p.m. Music composed and directed by Sulaiman Zai, with guest composers and soloists Maria Izzo Walker, David Pereira, Jill Zai, David R. Zai, and Connie Loftman. Admission is free, donations requested. See here for more information.
As we witness the erosion of cherished values and key components of democracy in this country, what calls us to remain steadfast? What calls us to our highest aspirations? What do we do with our fury? May we know once again that we are not isolated beings but connected, in mystery and miracle, to the universe, to this community and to each other. Join us for this worship service which will feature guest musician, Taffie Matiure.
Tafadzwa "Taffie" Matiure is a citizen of Zimbabwe. Winner of the prestigious DreamStar Zim competition in 2017 alongside his band, Footprints, Taffie is a renowned performer and teacher of mbira, marimba, acoustic guitar, percussion, vocal and traditional dancing. He grew to love music at an early age through the influence and mentorship of his late father, Dr. Sheasby Matiure, who taught & performed Shona music and founded the Mbira Queens in Bloomington, Indiana. Tafadzwa was a choirmaster of a boy's choir during high school, then enrolled in the Zimbabwean College of Music and graduated with a National Certificate in Music. Alongside his college studies, Tafadzwa frequently appears at the Harare International Festival of Arts (HIFA), and the Annual International Carnival as a traditional dancer. He is currently completing his degree in Music Business, Musicology and Technology in Zimbabwe at Midlands State University.
World of Wonder (Preschool)-will hear the story Old Jo and the Carpenter and think about how to build bridges and heal friendships when they are broken. The conclusion of Joseph and his brothers will be shared with Roots and Wings (K-2nd grade) as they continue to explore sibling rivalry and family relationships. Curiosity Club (3rd grade+) will be joined by one of our artists in residence, Janiece Jaffe, who will lead them in an investigation of the healing power of music and sound. Our Whole Lives (7th-8th grade) will learn about personal concerns and puberty. High School youth group will meet in the kitchen from 12:30-2:30 p.m. to eat nachos and make cookies for youth group alumni.
Reverend Scott McNeill is taking some deserved time away from work. He will return November 7th to engage ministry. Reverend Macklin will depart November 8th to attend a "Death Doula" training in Asheville, NC and then spend a few days with family. She will return November 17th.
This Sunday at 12:45 p.m. the UU Humanist Forum will meet in Room 208, after children's Religious Education classes end. Rich Janda will lead a discussion about "Taboo or Not Taboo. "
Voces Novae's Concert on the topic of Sanctuary, 2:00 p.m.
Social Justice Film Series - Ava DuVernay's 13th, 5:00 p.m.
The Social Justice Film Series will present Ava DuVernay's 1 3th at 5:00 p.m. this Sunday, October 21. This film is a highly acclaimed, in-depth look at the prison system in the United States and how it reveals the nation's history of racial inequity. Pizza will be served and a discussion will follow the presentation of the film. No child care is available for this event.
Our thoughts are with Ron Ellis, who is recovering at home from back surgery. Cards are welcome.
Earlier this summer, we purchased flags to welcome people to the congregation. Since then, we have purchased a few more to share our message of justice and compassion with those who walk, bike, or drive by. The three newest flags say: "No person is illegal," "Climate change is real," and "Black Lives Matter," plus we have a special flag honoring "Resilience".
October 30 at the Woolery Mill, 6:00 p.m.
Join Reverend Forrest Gilmore and many others at Shalom's Fireside Gala at the Woolery Mill on October 30th at 6:00 p.m. Tickets ($60 per person) are available at the BCT box office and in the Commons on Sunday mornings . With Gladys DeVane telling stories, the UkeTones strumming away, Brother William Morris guiding us through an auction, and UU Minister Emeritus Rev. Bill Breeden and Forrest cooking as two of the six celebrity chefs, it should be a great evening with all proceeds benefiting the work of Shalom Community Center.
Do you have persimmons to share?
If you have frozen persimmons that you would like to share for the church bazaar, we would love to have them. Please contact Margie Schrader and let her know.
As many of you know, the Keys to the Candidates was published by the Herald-Times on October 5 and 6. The Keys document shows a comparison of candidates' responses to the same questions. The questions are designed to be nonpartisan and unbiased. All candidates running with opposition in Monroe County are sent the questions; candidates running without opposition are excluded. Not all candidates respond to the questions, but most do. The Keys is available online at the Herald-Times Online . The Keys is also available on the League website .
Masthead photo: from the internet.


Keep up to speed with our diary entries with more bespoke commissions as well as read our happy customer testimonials.
We've just installed our project in the south of France and the dining table looks stunning!!!


industrial applications. It works as an interface between the CAN protocol controller and the physical bus lines compatible to ISO11898-2/-5. As a successor to the first generation of HS CAN (TLE6250), the TLE6251DS is designed to provide an excellent passive behavior when the transceiver is switched off (mixed networks, terminal 15/30 applications) and a remote wake-up capability via CAN bus in low power mode. This supports networks with partially un-powered nodes. The TLE6251DS has two operation modes, the normal and the stand-by mode. These modes can be chosen by the STB pin. If the TLE6251DS is in stand-by mode and a message on the bus isdetected, the TLE6251DS changes the level at the RxD pin corresponding to the bus signal (wake-up flag). The TLE6251DS is also designed to withstand the severe conditions of automotive applications and to support 12 V and 24 V applications. The IC is based on the Smart Power Technology SPT® which allows bipolar and CMOS control circuitry in accordance with DMOS power devices existing on the same monolithic circuit.


text:
Giry monad
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The Giry monad (Giry 80, following Lawvere 62) is the monad on a category of suitable spaces which sends each suitable space XX to the space of suitable probability measures on XX.
The Giry monad is defined on the category of measurable spaces, assigning to each measurable space XX the space of all probability measures on XX, G(X)G(X), endowed with the σ\sigma-algebra generated by the set of all the evaluation maps
ev U:G(X)→[0,1] ev_U \colon G(X) \to [0,1]
sending a probability measure PP to P(U)P(U), where UU ranges over all the measurable sets of XX. The unit of the monad sends a point x∈Xx \in X to the Dirac measure at xx, δ x\delta_x, while the multiplication of the monad is defined by the natural transformation
μ X:G(G(X))→G(X) \mu_{X}: G(G(X)) \to G(X)
μ X(Q)(U):=∫ q∈G(X)ev U(q)dQ. \mu_X (Q)(U) := \int_{q \in G(X)} ev_U(q) dQ.
This makes the endofunctor GG into a monad, and this is the Giry monad on Measurable spaces, as originally given by Lawvere.
An alternative choice, convenient for analysis purposes, and introduced by Giry, is obtained by restricting the category of measurable spaces to the (full) subcategory which are those measurable spaces generated by Polish spaces, PolPol, which are separable metric spaces for which a complete metric exists.
P:Pol→Pol P \colon Pol \to Pol
for the endofunctor which sends a space, XX, to the space of probability measures on the Borel subsets of XX. P(X)P(X) is equipped with the weakest topology which makes the integration map τ↦∫ Xfdτ\tau \mapsto \int_{X}f d\tau continuous for any ff, a bounded, continuous, real function on XX.
There is a natural transformation
μ X:P(P(X))→P(X) \mu_{X}: P(P(X)) \to P(X)
μ X(M)(A):=∫ P(X)τ(A)M(dτ). \mu_X (M)(A) := \int_{P(X)} \tau(A) M(d\tau).
This makes the endofunctor PP into a monad, and this is the Giry monad on Polish spaces. The shortcoming of restricting the Giry monad to Polish spaces is that discrete spaces have no PP-algebras (even though they do have GG-algebras). For example, take the discrete (measurable) space 22, which we can also view as a topological discrete space. The measurable map ϵ 2:G(2)→2\epsilon_{2}: G(2) \to 2 defined by ϵ 2((1−α)δ 0+αδ 1)=0\epsilon_{2}( (1-\alpha) \delta_0 + \alpha \delta_1) = 0 for all α∈[0,1)\alpha \in [0,1), and by ϵ 2(δ 1)=1\epsilon_{2}(\delta_1)=1 shows that (2,ϵ 2)(2,\epsilon_2) is a GG-algebra, yet it is not a PP-algebra. (As Doberkat has noted, a PP-algebra must be connected, but that is impossible for discrete spaces.) The map ϵ 2\epsilon_{2} plays a critical role in the analysis of the GG-algebras, because it is the unique affine map from the geometric (convex) space G(2)G(2), which is isomorphic to the unit interval [0,1][0,1] with its natural convex structure, to the discrete (combinatorial) convex space 22.
(Doberkat 03) works out the algebras for the Giry monad using the Giry monad defined on PolPol. We want measurable maps between P(X)P(X) and XX, such that the 'fibres' are convex and closed, and such that δ x\delta_{x}, the delta distribution on xx, is in the fibre over xx. And there's another condition which requires a compact subset of P(X)P(X) to be sent to a compact subset of XX.
Now, as ever, P(X)P(X) will support an algebra, μ X:P(P(X))→P(X)\mu_{X}: P(P(X)) \to P(X). This is the analogue of a free group being an algebra of the group monad. But just as there are many interesting groups which are not free, we should want to find algebras of Giry's monad which are not of the μ X\mu_{X} form. Doberkat shows that for such an algebra XX must be connected, and suggests this example
h:P([0,1])∋τ↦∫ 0 1tτ(dt)∈[0,1]. h: P([0, 1]) \ni \tau \mapsto \int_{0}^{1} t \tau (dt) \in [0, 1].
(One author believes that this might be μ {0,1}\mu_{\{0, 1\}}. After all, probability measures on {0,1}\{0, 1\} are just binomial, parameterised by p∈[0,1]p \in [0, 1].)
The other example he gives has XX a bounded, closed and convex subset of ℝ n\mathbb{R}^n, and probability measures being sent to their barycentre.
Doberkat has a longer article on Eilenberg-Moore algebras of the Giry monad as item 5 here. (Unfortunately, the monograph 'Stochastic Relations: Foundations for Markov Transition Systems' doesn't appear to be available.) There are two monads being treated here, one which sends a Polish space to the space of all probability measures, the other to the space of all subprobability measures. The extra structure relating to these monads, is that of a (positive) convex structure. In the case of a convex structure, this intuitively captures the idea that a weighted sum of points in the space has barycentre within the space.
Doberkat focused on the Giry monad on the category of Polish spaces. A further question is, what is a concrete characterization of the Giry monad on the category of measurable spaces? This is being investigated in ongoing work by Sturtz (e.g. Sturtz 19) who is attempting to factor the monad through the category of super convex space (which have been referred to as strongly convex spaces in the quantum mechanics literature, e.g., See Mackey - Math. Found. Q.M.). See the discussion page at nforum for details.
See also monads of probability, measures, and valuations.
Vladimir Voevodsky has also worked on a category theoretic treatment of probability theory, and gave few talks on this at IHES, Miami, in Moscow etc. Voevodsky had in mind applications in mathematical biology?, for example, population genetics:
See Miami Talk abstract
…a categorical study of probability theory where "categorical" is understood in the sense of category theory. Originally, I developed this approach to probability to get a better understanding of the constructions which I had to deal with in population genetics. Later it evolved into something which seems to be also interesting from a purely mathematical point of view. On the elementary level it gives a category which is useful for the work with probabilistic constructions involving complicated combinations of stochastic processes of different types. On a more advanced level, applying in this context the old idea of a functor as a generalized object one gets a better view of the relationship between probability and the theory of (pre-)ordered topological vector spaces.
A talk in Moscow (20 Niv 2008, in Russian) can be viewed here, wmv 223.6 Mb. Abstract:
In early 60-ies Bill Lawvere defined a category whose objects are measurable spaces and morphisms are Markov kernels. I will try to show how this category allows one to think about many of the notions of probability theory in categorical terms and to connect probabilistic objects to objects of other types through various functors.
Voevodsky's unfinished notes on categorical probability theory have been released posthumously.
Prakash Panangaden in Probabilistic Relations defines the category SRelSRel (stochastic relations) to have as objects sets equipped with a σ\sigma-field. Morphisms are conditional probability densities or stochastic kernels. So, a morphism from (X,Σ X)( X, \Sigma_X) to (Y,Σ Y)( Y, \Sigma_Y) is a function h:X×Σ Y→[0,1]h: X \times \Sigma_Y \to [0, 1] such that
∀B∈Σ Y.λx∈X.h(x,B)\forall B \in \Sigma_Y . \lambda x \in X . h(x, B) is a bounded measurable function,
∀x∈X.λB∈Σ Y.h(x,B)\forall x \in X . \lambda B \in \Sigma_Y . h(x, B) is a subprobability measure on Σ Y\Sigma_Y.
If kk is a morphism from YY to ZZ, then k⋅hk \cdot h from XX to ZZ is defined as (k⋅h)(x,C)=∫ Yk(y,C)h(x,dy)(k \cdot h)(x, C) = \int_Y k(y, C)h(x, d y).
Panangaden's definition differs from Giry's in the second clause where subprobability measures are allowed, rather than ordinary probability measures.
Panangaden emphasises that the mechanism is similar to the way that the category of relations can be constructed from the power set functor. Just as the category of relations is the Kleisli category of the powerset functor over the category of sets Set, SRelSRel is the Kleisli category of the functor over the category of measurable spaces and measurable functions which sends a measurable space, XX, to the measurable space of subprobability measures on XX. This functor gives rise to a monad.
What is gained by the move from probability measures to subprobability measures? One motivation seems to be to model probabilistic processes from XX to a coproduct X+YX + Y. This you can iterate to form a process which looks to see where in YY you eventually end up. This relates to SRelSRel being traced.
There is a monad on MeasureSpacesMeasureSpaces, 1+−:Meas→Meas1 + -: Meas \to Meas. A probability measure on 1+X1 + X is a subprobability measure on XX. Panangaden's monad is a composite of Giry's and 1+−1 + -.
monads of probability, measures, and valuations
measure, probability measure, pushforward measure
measure theory, probability theory, random variable
Radon monad, distribution monad, probabilistic powerdomain?, extended probabilistic powerdomain
The adjunction underlying the Giry monad was originally developed by Lawvere in 1962, prior to the full recognition of the relationship between monads and adjunctions. Although P. Huber had already shown in 1961 that every adjoint pair gives rise to a monad, it wasn't until 1965 that the constructions of Eilenberg-Moore, and Kleisli, made the essential equivalence of both concepts manifest.
Lawvere's construction was written up as an appendix to a proposal to the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, set up by President Kennedy as part of the State Department to handle planning and execution of certain treaties with the Soviet Union. This appendix was intended to provide a reasonable framework for arms control verification protocols (Lawvere 20).
At that time, Lawvere was working for a "think tank" in California, and the purpose of the proposal was to provide a means for verifying compliance with limitations on nuclear weapons. In the 1980's, Michèle Giry was collaborating with another French mathematician at that time who was also working with the French intelligence agency, and was able to obtain a copy of the appendix. Giry then developed and extended some of the ideas in the appendix (Giry 80)
Gian-Carlo Rota had also (somehow) obtained a copy of the appendix, which ended up in the library at The American Institute of Mathematics, and only became publicly available in 2012.
From Lawvere 20:
I'd like to say that the idea of the category of probabilistic mappings, the document corresponding to that was not part of a seminar, as some of the circulations say, essentially it was the document submitted to the arms control and disarmament agency after suitable checking that the Pentagon didn't disagree with it. Because of the fact that for arms control agencies as a side responsibility the forming of arms control agreements and part of these agreements must involve agreed upon protocols of verification. So the idea of that paper did not provide such protocols, but it purported to provide reasonable framework within which such protocol can be formulated.
The idea originates with
W. Lawvere, The category of probabilistic mappings, ms. 12 pages, 1962 (Lawvere Probability 1962)
(notice that the statement of origin on p.1 is wrong)
and was picked up and published in:
Michèle Giry, A categorical approach to probability theory, Categorical aspects of topology and analysis (Ottawa, Ont., 1980), pp. 68–85, Lecture Notes in Math. 915 Springer 1982 (doi:10.1007/BFb0092872)
(there are allegedly a few minor analytically incorrect points and gaps in proofs, observed by later authors).
Historical comments on the appearance of Lawvere 62 are made in
Bill Lawvere, video discussion, 6 June 2020 (in the talk "The algebra of statistical theories and models" by Evan Patterson, at Categorical Probability and Statistics, 5–8 June 2020,
(YouTube video, timestamp 1:00:20)
According to E. Burroni (2009), the Giry monad appears also in
O. de la Tullaye, L'intégration considérée comme l'algèbre d'un triple. Rapport de Stage de D.E.A. manuscrit 1971.
The factorization of the Giry monad, defined on the category of measurable spaces, through the category of super convex spaces, is described in
Kirk Sturtz?, The equivalence of the categories of Giry-algebras and super convex spaces, arXiv:1907.03209
which generalize the preliminary work
K. Sturtz, Categorical Probability Theory, arXiv:1406.6030
which views probability measures via double dualization, restricted to weakly averaging affine maps which preserves limits. The preservation of limits (of countable affine sums) is automatic in the category of super convex spaces, and necessary for the factorization.
That article includes some corrections from an earlier version of the article, pointed out in
T. Avery, Codensity and the Giry monad, arXiv:1410.4432 (2014).
Apart from these papers, there are similar developments in
Franck van Breugel, The metric monad for probabilistic nondeterminism, features both the Lawvere/Giry monad and Panangaden's monad.
Ernst-Erich Doberkat, Characterizing the Eilenberg-Moore algebras for a monad of stochastic relations (pdf)
Ernst-Erich Doberkat, Kleisli morphisms and randomized congruences, Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra Volume 211, Issue 3, December 2007, Pages 638-664 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpaa.2007.03.003
N. N. Cencov, Statistical decisions rules and optimal Inference, Translations of Math. Monographs 53, Amer. Math. Society 1982
(blog comment) Cencov's "category of statistical decisions" coincides with Giry's (Lawvere's) category. I (←\leftarrow somebody) have the sense that Cencov discovered this category independently of Lawvere although years later.
category cafe related to Giry monad: category theoretic probability, coalgebraic modal logic
Samson Abramsky et al. Nuclear and trace ideals in tensored ∗-Categories,arxiv:math/9805102, on the representation of probability theory through monads, which looks to work Giry's monad into a context even more closely resembling the category of relations.
There is also relation with work of Jacobs et al.
Robert Furber, Bart Jacobs, Towards a categorical account of conditional probability, arxiv:1306.0831
Bart Jacobs, Probabilities, distribution monads and convex categories, Theoretical
Computer Science 412(28) (2011) pp.3323–3336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcs.2011.04.005, (preprint)
J. Culbertson and K. Sturtz use the Giry monad in their categorical approach to Bayesian reasoning and inference (both articles contain further references to the categorical approach to probability theory):
Jared Culbertson and Kirk Sturtz, A categorical foundation for Bayesian probability, Applied Cat. Struc. 2013 (preprint as arXiv:1205.1488)
Jared Culbertson and Kirk Sturtz, Bayesian machine learning via category theory, 2013 (arxiv:1312.1445)
Elisabeth Burroni, Lois distributives. Applications aux automates stochastiques, TAC 22, 2009 pp.199-221 (journal page)
where she derives stochastic automata as algebras for a suitable distributive law on the monoid and Giry monads.
B. Fong has a section on the Giry monad in his paper on Bayesian networks:
Fong: Causal Theories - A Categorical Perspective on Bayesian Networks, (2013) arXiv:1301.6201
Bring in material from Progic posts
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The Language Barrier. How to code it realistically.
mudlab.org Forum Index -> Coding
Delerak
Location: Tampa
Posted: Sat Aug 01, 2009 6:31 am Post subject: The Language Barrier. How to code it realistically.
I had a discussion recently on aim about languages in RPI muds and how they aren't coded realistically. We came to the solution that the only way it would work better than it already does would be to use dictionaries. Right now RPI's pretty much just scramble the languages, or don't allow you to understand the language at all. I think these are outdated methods and with the extreme jump in hard-drive sizes over the past few years what's to stop a mud from using translator dictionaries to code in real-time language translations?
For example let's say we have German as a base language for the Germanic race on a mud. The pfile is loaded with German at 100%. So this pfile has 100% access to the german-german dictionary in the database for the mud.
Now we'd need certain variables for other languages. Like French, English, etc. So maybe each one is hidden from view on the skill list and reads at 0% unless they hear a word. For each word they hear a certain amount of times it might add that word to his pfile and that would increase the skill by .00001% or whatever the decimal would be for the amount of words. The Second Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary contains full entries for 171,476 words in current use. So we would probably need a large database to translate English to German and German to English so that the mud translates it correctly.
Anybody think this possible? Rough estimates put the size of such a database and the pulling of the data at such a high number (several hundred gigabytes worth if not terrabytes) that it's probably not possible to do in a short amount of time much less code a system where the mud pulls the correct words and such.
Posted: Sat Aug 01, 2009 3:18 pm Post subject:
Translations are really not that easy. Aside from the fact that individual words can have multiple meanings, there's also the whole grammar thing. Here's the first paragraph of your post, translated into German using Yahoo Babel Fish, with the result then translated back into English:
I had a discussion recently on a goal over languages into the RPI Schlammen and like her aren' t coded realistically. We came to the solution the fact that the only way, which would work it better, than does it already should dictionaries to use. At this moment RPI' s-quite exactly straight hunts the languages or don' t permit you to understand the language at all. I think that these outdated methods are and with the extreme leap in sizes during the last years what' harddrive; s to stop to a mud of the application of the translator dictionaries in order to code in real time language translations?
Another issue is that I can speak German. My written German isn't very good, but if other players were talking German around me, I could certainly understand what they said, even if my character didn't speak German. I would have to pretend I didn't know what people were saying, even if two people standing right beside me were discussing how best to murder me.
I think I honestly prefer the scrambled output approach you mentioned. You could even properly translate a handful of common words if you wanted to make it sound a bit more realistic, or maybe translate a percentage of the words based on the skill of the listener (even translating single syllable words first, so that people could communicate more easily using simple words). But a full translation would be a huge amount of work, and in my opinion the end result would be undesirable if you're trying to keep IC and OOC skills separate.
I much prefer the scrambled method as well. I was wondering how easy it would be to code in a database of words say for Dwarven to Common or something like this:
Hammer > Methrellor
Strength > Halaa
Strength and Honor > Halaa va Shalaa
Or something like that. Where when the player says a certain phrase even it gets translated. Especially if it's something they would say a lot. Like in the movie Gladiator they always said 'Strength and Honor' to one another during the movie as a sort of motto. I guess with this method the possibilities to translate and create your own compilation of words from one language to another and have it work correctly, (albeit limited to certain words) would be only limited to your imagination.
KGZotU
One solution would be to map native language character combinations into "syllables" of an artificial language. This way you could have output that is pronounceable. You could even have a separate mapping for each racial language, giving each a unique feel. You might achieve this feel by looking at an IPA chart and relying heavily on or excluding certain families of sounds.
You wouldn't want to manually specify the mapping for each combination. I'm thinking 100 (or maybe more) syllables should do the trick. Let's say you have N. So you could iterate through each word, taking three letters at a time, consider them a base 26 number equal to n, and then pull the (n mod N)th syllable.
Such a system would also eliminate a reverse mapping because it would have so much overlap. But it would be deterministic, so "strength and honor" would always be whatever it was, aside from any misspellings by your players.
Posted: Tue Aug 04, 2009 11:17 pm Post subject:
Delerak wrote:
I was wondering how easy it would be to code in a database of words say for Dwarven to Common or something like this:
Bo Zimmerman's CoffeeMud already does this using Hashtable, if you are looking for a working example.
shasarak
Location: Emily's Shop
Posted: Fri Aug 14, 2009 8:26 am Post subject:
KaVir wrote:
This, it seems to me, is the key point. Linguistic authenticity is NOT the goal, here - the goal is to ensure that the player's understanding of what is said around him is restricted by his character's proficiency in the language. If you produce anything other than randomised gibberish, this immediately means that an experienced player can understand more than he is supposed to be able to understand because of his OOC familiarity with the translation mechanism. It doesn't matter whether you're translating into German or Dwarvish - if the player can understand it even when his character can't, then the mechanism is flawed.
(edited for typos)
Last edited by shasarak on Tue Sep 08, 2009 4:28 pm; edited 1 time in total
The other point brought up by the OP is valid, however - one should have a chance of learning a language through immersion. The more a language is heard around the character, the more familiar with it they become.
And Shasharak, your point is right on the money - the user behind the keyboard eventually learns a bulk of common phrases in all languages simply through repetition. While this is defeatable (use a different hash value for each character creation to mix the words), it then precludes the character from using the word in the reverse sense. (Ie, "Robbert asks Mabus, 'What does Methrellor mean?'").
Also agree with KaVir's point - you cannot have literal translations into other languages because the mechanics will differ from each, and will render the result unusable in the long term. A better method, if one wanted to link languages, would be to use a single grammatical engine with literal word replacement. This would fix the translation problem, but not correct the realism desired by the OP.
MECHFrost
robbert wrote:
While this is defeatable (use a different hash value for each character creation to mix the words), it then precludes the character from using the word in the reverse sense. (Ie, "Robbert asks Mabus, 'What does Methrellor mean?'").
You can allow users to use a language even if they don't speak it, with a special command e.g. if the player types 'What does $dwarven(Methrellor) mean?' it converts Methrellor from the dwarven language to English (if the mapping from English to Dwarvish is injective) allowing Dwarvish-speakers to understand what he said. The translated words have to be clearly identified so that the dwarven player knows that the English-speaking player made an effort to speak his language. They could see something like:
Player1 says 'What does $wine$ mean?' with a strong accent.
Players1 says 'What does wine mean?', using the Dwarvish word for wine.
Posted: Tue Feb 02, 2010 11:56 am Post subject:
Good evening. My first post here in foruns
Just an opinion: if trying to use dictionary or grammar, then there are lots of "human" ways to work around when someone does not know the language.
Kavir knows German. Playing an english MUD, if 2 guys speak in german, even if Kavir does not have German language skill points in game, he will understand. That is why I also support the not-understandable input.
The way to code it is also a very interesting things.
Another opinion about multiple languages (I don't know if was spoken here or not), and eventually this dictionary/grammar thing could be usefull, is to have a MUD option so I can read descriptions and use commands in my language rather than creator's own.
I guess it already exist this, but the working way is to have multiple descriptions in multiple languages for the same room, and not a translation.
Welcome, Viriato.
Viriato wrote:
That's a really nice idea conceptually, but I fear the effort involved would be huge - writing decent room descriptions requires a lot of work, and a simple word-by-word translation definitely wouldn't be enough, so you'd need people to manually translate each room description.
I suspect doing this would also be far less interesting than writing your own descriptions, as there's much less room for creativity, and I imagine most mud owners would rather spend that time and effort expanding their world with new rooms instead.
It might be a viable option for muds that exclusively use dynamically generated descriptions, though. But even that would require a lot of effort.
I tried to say exactly that: to make it work, the best way would be having 2 or more describes for each room, each in a different language, rather than one describe and one "translateToXXX" function.
Your tip about amount of work it takes from a builder is usefull, as you have huge experience and is something I cannot imagine.
It could be worth the effort translating though. For example, my mother language is French and I know that there are only two French MUDs out there, and they are basically stock Diku (supposedly original code) with a very small world. With such poor competition, it sounds easy to attract French-speaking players to my MUD. A downside is that many English-speaking players could be turned off by other players who don't speak their language perfectly. My experience with international RPGs is that those who only have a very limited vocabulary are considered barbarous and high annoying. I think in particular role-players, who tend to be eloquent and stuck-up (I don't want to start an argument by saying that but it's my view), will hate a bilingual MUD, but it can work if the % of non-English speakers is smaller.
We use a hybrid approach. The main language obfuscation mechanism replaces uncomprehended words with nonsense words generated according to rules for the language. For example, a language might be configured like this:
set_consonant_initiator_chance(60);
set_consonant_terminator_chance(25);
set_language_categories(([
"flowing" : 20,
"rapid" : 6,
"murmuring" : 5,
"fricative" : 3,
"hollow" : 1,
set_syllable_number("many");
This helps give the nonsense text more of the intended flavor of the language. Languages can also have an optional translation table, which isn't trying to do any sort of true translation, but just overrides the nonsense-word replacement for particular words. For example, if someone says "light" in Elvish, and you don't understand it, it would be replaced with "galad". This allows a little bit of user-level bypassing of the language obfuscation, but IMO that's fine, and the flavor benefit is worth it.
Zephen_Descartes
Posted: Sun Jun 13, 2010 9:23 pm Post subject:
Why not look at it from another angle? Make the problem of player's learning the language tricks a feature. Let players list a language they want to learn in their account.
When someone says something the word is looked up in a database of languages and translated via a language dictionary into their desired language.
Context isn't there, sure. Neither is grammar, but it's a vocabulary builder. For words not in the dictionary, just let them through. Consider them like loan words.
Some people will probably abuse the system and list a language they already know. Is that that horrible? There's always some way to abuse a system, and honestly this should be an immersion feature more than an information control feature.
If I cheat the system, I fail to learn some french words that can help me in learning to actually read french. My loss.
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New South Wales has 182 cases of Covid-19 today
Almost 200 people are in hospital with the virus in the Australian state , 28 are in intensive care.
Victoria has one thousand-166 cases of Covid-19 and five deaths on the first weekend of eased restrictions.
The Australian Capital Territory has 14 new cases.
There's one new case in the Northern Territory where authorities are concerned about major spread within vulnerable Indigenous Australian communities.
Queensland has no new cases.


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