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Online since February 10, 2015
HISTORY OF NEUROLOGY
The neuropsychiatric ailment of Vincent Van Gogh
Kalyan B Bhattacharyya, Saurabh Rai
Vincent Van Gogh is one of the most celebrated creative artists of all time. All his life, he was afflicted by some kind of neurological or psychiatric disorder, which remains a mystery even today. Many historians and his personal physicians believe that he suffered from epilepsy while others felt that he was affected by Ménière's disease. Features such as hypergraphia, atypical sexuality, and viscosity of thinking suggest the possibility of Gastaut-Geschwind phenomenon, a known complication of complex partial seizure. On the contrary, some historians feel that he was forced to sever his right ear in order to get relief from troublesome tinnitus, a complication of Ménière's disease. He was addicted to the liquor absinthe, which is known to lead to xanthopsia, and many authorities argue that this was the reason for his penchant for the deep and bright yellow color in many of his paintings. Others have suggested the possibility of bipolar disorder, sunstroke, acute intermittent porphyria, and digitalis toxicity as well.
Plasmapheresis in neurological disorders: Experience from a tertiary care hospital in South India
V Abdul Gafoor, James Jose, K Saifudheen, Mohamed Musthafa
Background: Therapeutic plasma exchange (PE) or plasmapheresis is the treatment of choice in many neurological disorders. Even though it is safe in experienced hands, there is a major concern about its safety among physicians. Objectives: To analyze our experience with 230 patients who underwent PE for various neurological disorders. Materials and Methods: Retrospective review of PE procedures done during a period of 48 months, from July 2007 to June 2011 in a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India. Indications, clinical results and technical factors are discussed. Results: The main indication for PE was GBS (203 patients; 88.3%). Age of patients ranged from 14-65 (mean = 42.3 years). The most common complications were paraesthesias and/or cramps (36.1%) and hypotension (32.2%). Four pregnant patients who underwent PE had good recovery with one intrauterine death. There was no mortality. Conclusion: The analysis of 240 cases of PE done in our department shows that the procedure is safe, with only minimal procedure related complications and no mortality.
Comparison of Levetiracetam and sodium Valproate in migraine prophylaxis: A randomized placebo-controlled study
Homa Sadeghian, Rouzbeh Motiei-Langroudi
Background: Migraine is a chronic and disabling disorder. Treatment of migraine often comprises of symptomatic (abortive) and preventive (prophylactic) treatment. The current drugs used in migraine prophylaxis include antidepressant drugs (Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, Tricyclic antidepressants), and anti-epileptic drugs (valproate, gabapentin, etc). Objective: The objective of our study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam in adult migraine prophylaxis, compared to valproate and placebo. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study. A total of 85 patients were randomized to receive levetiracetam 500 mg/d (n = 27), valproate 500 mg/d (n = 32) or placebo (n = 26). The patients were evaluated for treatment efficacy after 6 months. Efficacy was assessed as a more than 50% decrease in headache frequency. Results: In levetiracetam group, 17 (63.0%) patients experienced a more than 50% decrease in headache frequency, while this efficacy number was 21 (65.6%) for valproate group and 4 (15.4%) for placebo group. The difference was not statistically significant between levetiracetam and valproate, while it was significant when comparing either levetiracetam or valproate to placebo. Conclusion: Compared to placebo, levetiracetam offers improvement in headache frequency in patients with migraine. The efficacy of levetiracetam in migraine prophylaxis is comparable to currently used drugs such as valproate.
Impulse control disorders and related behaviours (ICD-RBs) in Parkinson's disease patients: Assessment using "Questionnaire for impulsive-compulsive disorders in Parkinson's disease" (QUIP)
Ashish Sharma, Vinay Goyal, Madhuri Behari, Achal Srivastva, Garima Shukla, Deepti Vibha
Background: There is limited data on the prevalence of impulse control disorder and related behaviors (ICD-RBs) in Indian patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD). In the context of potential genetic and environmental factors affecting the expression of ICD-RBs, studying other multiethnic populations may bring in-sights into the mechanisms of these disorders. Objectives: To ascertain point prevalence estimate of ICD-RBs in Indian PD patients, using the validated "Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson's disease (QUIP)" and to examine their association with Dopamine replacement therapy (DRT). Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based observational cross-sectional study. After taking informed consent, patients and their informants (spouse, or primary caregiver) were made to complete the QUIP, and were instructed to answer questions based on behaviors that occurred anytime during PD that lasted at least four consecutive weeks. Results: Total of 299 patients participated in the study. At least one ICD-RB was present in 128 (42.8%), at least one Impulse control disorder (ICD) was present in 74 (24.75%) and at least one Impulse control related compulsive behaviour (ICRB) was present in 93 (31.1%) patients. Punding was the most frequent (12.4%) followed by hyper sexuality (11.04%), compulsive hobbyism (9.4%), compulsive shopping (8.4%), compulsive medication use (7.7%), compulsive eating (5.35%), walkabout (4%) and pathological gambling (3.3%). ≥ 2 ICD-RBs were observed in 15.7% of patients. After multivariate analysis, younger age of onset, being unmarried were specifically associated with presence of ICD. Longer disease duration was specifically associated with presence of ICRB. Whereas smoking and higher dopamine levodopa equivalent daily doses (DA LEDD) were associated with both presence of ICD and ICRB. Higher LD LEDD was specifically associated with presence of ICD-RB. Conclusions: Our study revealed a relatively higher frequency of ICD-RBs, probably because of the use of screening instrument and because we combined both ICDs and ICRBs. Also high proportion of DA use (81.6%) among our patients might be responsible. The role of genetic factors that might increase the risk of developing ICD-RBs in this population needs further exploration.
Pattern and risk factors of stroke in the young among stroke patients admitted in medical college hospital, Thiruvananthapuram
Praveen Prasannakumar Subha, Sabarinadh Muraleedharan Pillai Geethakumari, Mohan Athira, Zinia Thajudeen Nujum
Background: Stroke in the young is particularly tragic because of its potential to create a long-term burden on the victims, their families, and the community. There had been relatively few studies on young stroke in Kerala's socio-economic setup, that too encapsulating the mentioned apparently relevant dimensions of stroke in the young . Objective: To study the prevalence, patterns and risk factors of young stroke. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study with case control comparison at Government Medical College Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. Materials and and Methods: Total 100 stroke patients were identified over a period of 2 months, and data were collected on the basis of questionnaire developed for the purpose. Results: Of 100 stroke patients, 15 had stroke in the young, among which 9 (60%) had ishaemic stroke. Hypertension was the most common risk factor. Smoking, alcohol, atrial fibrillation, and hyperlipidemia were found to be more common in cases (young stroke) when compared with controls. Alcohol use and atrial fibrillation were significantly higher among young stroke patients. Physical inactivity was significantly lesser in those with stroke in the young than elderly. Atrial fibrillation emerged as an independent risk factor of stroke in the young with adjusted odds ratio of 6.18 (1.31-29.21). Conclusion: In all, 15% of total stroke occurred in young adults <50 years. The proportion of hemorrhagic stroke in young adults is higher than in elderly. Atrial fibrillation is identified as an independent risk factor of stroke in the young. Compared with stroke in elderly alcohol use, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and cardiac diseases, which are known risk factors, are higher in young stroke.
Pediatric Guillain-Barré syndrome: Indicators for a severe course
Muhammet Ali Varkal, Tuğçe Aksu Uzunhan, Nur Aydınlı, Barış Ekici, Mine Çalışkan, Meral Özmen
Objectives: This study aims to retrospectively evaluate pediatric Guillain-Barré syndrome cases in a tertiary center in Istanbul, Turkey. Materials and Methods: The data of 40 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome who had been admitted to the Department of Pediatrics at the Istanbul University Medical Faculty between 2005 and 2011 were collected. Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Mean patient age was 5.4 ± 3.0 years; 20 out of 40 patients (50%) were female and 20 (50%) were male. Preceding infection was detected in 32 cases (80%). Six patients had speech impairment. Out of eight patients with respiratory distress (20%), five required respiratory support (12.5%) of which three of them had speech impairment as well. According to nerve conduction studies, 21 patients (52.5%) had acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, 14 (35%) had acute motor axonal neuropathy, and five (12.5%) had acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy. Thirty-three patients (82.5%) received intravenous immunglobulin, 3 (7.5%) underwent plasmapheresis and 4 (10%) received both. Time until recovery (P = 0.022) and time until aided (P = 0.036) and unaided (P = 0.027) walking were longer in patients with acute gastrointestinal infection than in those with upper respiratory tract infection (P < 0.05). Time until response to treatment (P = 0.001), time until aided (P = 0.001) and unaided (P = 0.002) walking, and time until complete recovery (P = 0.002) were longer in acute motor axonal neuropathy cases as compared to acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy cases. Conclusion: Recovery was longer with acute gastrointestinal infection and acute motor axonal neuropathy. Speech impairment could be a clinical clue for the need of mechanical ventilation.
Seizures in patients with cerebral hemiatrophy: A prognostic evaluation
Anupam Jaiswal, Ravindra Kumar Garg, Hardeep Singh Malhotra, Rajesh Verma, Maneesh Kumar Singh
Purpose: Cerebral hemiatrophy is a common childhood disease. It clinically manifests with seizures, hemiparesis and mental retardation. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, previously untreated patients with seizures and cerebral hemiatrophy were recruited. Cerebral hemiatrophy was diagnosed on the basis of hemispheric ratio. Patients with acquired hemiconvulsion, hemiplegia, and epilepsy (HHE) syndrome were included in group A. Group B included patients with congenital HHE syndrome. Patients were followed up for 6 months for seizure recurrence. Results: Out of 42 patients 26 were in group A and 16 were in group B. After 6 months, there was significant reduction in seizure frequency (P < 0.0001) in both the groups. At least 50% reduction in seizure frequency was noted in all the patients. Complete seizure freedom was observed in 15 (35.7%) patients. Seizure recurrences were significantly higher (P = 0.008) in group A. On univariate analysis, predictors of seizure recurrences were history of febrile seizures (P = 0.013), hippocampal sclerosis (P = 0.001), thalamic atrophy (P = 0.001), basal ganglia atrophy (P = 0.001), cerebellar atrophy (P = 0.01), ventricular dilatation (P = 0.001), epileptiform discharges at presentation (P = 0.023), complex partial seizures (P = 0.006) and status epilepticus (P = 0.02). On multivariate analysis, hemispheric ratio was the only significant factor for seizure recurrence. Conclusion: Patients with congenital hemiatrophy had better seizure control than that in patients with HHE syndrome.
Management of REM sleep behavior disorder: An evidence based review
Preeti Devnani, Racheal Fernandes
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is characterized by dream enactment behavior resulting from a loss of REM skeletal muscle atonia. The neurobiology of REM sleep and the characteristic features of REM atonia have an important basis for understanding the aggravating etiologies the proposed pharmacological interventions in its management. This review outlines the evidence for behavioral and therapeutic measures along with evidence-based guidelines for their implementation, impact on falls, and effect on polysomnography (PSG) while highlighting the non-motor, autonomic, and cognitive impact of this entity. PubMed databases were reviewed upto May 2013 in peer-reviewed scientific literature regarding the pathophysiology and management of RBD in adults. The literature was graded according to the Oxford centre of evidence-based Medicine Levels. An early intervention that helps prevent consequences such as falls and provides a base for intervention with neuroprotective mechanisms and allocates a unique platform that RBD portrays with its high risk of disease conversion with a sufficiently long latency. RBD provides a unique platform with its high risk of disease conversion with a sufficiently long latency, providing an opportunity for early intervention both to prevent consequences such as falls and provide a base for intervention with neuroprotective mechanisms.
Generalized chorea due to delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide intoxication
Yueh-Feng Sung, Ming-Hua Chen, Giia-Sheun Peng, Jiunn-Tay Lee
January-March 2015, 18(1):108-110
Movement disorder due to delayed encephalopathy after carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication is uncommon. Generalized chorea, presenting as an initial symptom of delayed encephalopathy, is extremely rare. We describe a 60-year-old woman, who had completely recovered from acute CO poisoning, developed mental and behavioral changes, urinary incontinence and generalized chorea 2 weeks thereafter. T2-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive hyperintensity of the bilateral periventricular and subcortical white matter and the globus pallidus. Brain single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with technetium-99 ethylene cysteine dimer showed inhomogeneous perfusion in the cerebral cortex, with decreased uptake in bilateral frontal regions. Delayed encephalopathy after acute CO intoxication was diagnosed, and the symptoms gradually improved after hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). This case report demonstrates that generalized chorea may be one of the initial presenting symptoms of delayed encephalopathy after acute CO intoxication. We hypothesize that the generalized chorea in our patient may have been caused by the subcortical white matter lesions, which most likely interrupted the basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits and that HBOT may be the treatment of choice for such patients.
Adaptation and validation of stroke-aphasia quality of life (SAQOL-39) scale to Hindi
Ishita H Mitra, Gopee Krishnan
Background: Stroke is a major detriment to the quality of life (QOL) in its victims. Several functional limitations following stroke contribute to the denigrated QOL in this population. Aphasia, a disturbance in the comprehension, processing, and/or expression of language, is a common consequence of stroke. Yet, in most Indian languages, including the national language (Hindi), there are no published tools to measure the QOL of persons with stroke-aphasia. Objective: The current study was carried out to adapt and validate a well-known tool to measure the QOL (i.e., Stroke-Aphasia Quality of Life-39; SAQOL-39) to Hindi. Materials and Methods: We presented the original (English) version of the SAQOL-39 to a group of six Hindi-speaking Speech Language Pathologists hailing from the central and northern regions of India to examine the sociocultural suitability of items and indicate modifications, if any. The linguistic adaptation was performed through a forward-backward translation scheme. The socioculturally and linguistically adapted (to Hindi) version was then administered on a group of 84 Hindi-speaking persons with aphasia to examine the acceptability, test-retest reliability as well as the internal consistency of the instrument. Results: The SAQOL-39 in Hindi exhibited high test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.9) as well as acceptability with minimal missing data. This instrument exhibited high internal consistency (Chronbach's ∝ = 0.98) as well as the both item-to-total and inter-domain correlations. Conclusions: The socioculturally and linguistically adapted Hindi version of SAQOL-39 is a robust tool to measure the QOL of persons with stroke-aphasia. It may serve as an essential tool to measure the QOL in this population for both clinical and research purposes.
Becker's nevus with neurofibromatosis type 1
Sumit Kar, Krishnan Preetha, Nidhi Yadav, Bhushan Madke, Nitin Gangane
Neurofibromatosis type 1 is an autosomal dominant disorder which primarily affects the growth and development of neural cell tissues. It presents as multiple tumor-like growths over the skin that arises from the nerves and is associated with other abnormalities like pigmentation over the skin and bone deformities. Becker's nevus or hairy pigmented epidermal nevus is a benign cutaneous hamartoma which is characterized by hyperpigmented macule with hypertrichosis. It is rarely associated with neurofibromatosis. We report a 22-years-old male with coexistent Becker's nevus and type 1 neurofibromatosis.
"Dot sign" in dengue encephalitis
Thomas Mathew, Sagar Badachi, Gosala Raja Kukkuta Sarma, Raghunandan Nadig
Neuro radiological findings in Dengue encephalitis are non specific .Here we report a case of Dengue encephalitis with transient splenial hyperintensity appearing as dot sign on magnetic resonance imaging of brain.
Neuropsychiatric co-morbidities in non-demented Parkinson's disease
Nirendra Kumar Rai, Vinay Goyal, Nand Kumar, Garima Shukla, Achal Kumar Srivastava, Sumit Singh, Madhuri Behari
Objective: To evaluate neuropsychiatric co-morbidities (depression, psychosis and anxiety) in non-demented patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Background: Non-motor symptoms like neuropsychiatric co-morbidities are common in Parkinson's disease and may predate motor symptoms. Currently there is scarcity of data regarding neuropsychiatry manifestations in Indian patients with PD. Methods: In this cross-sectional study consecutive 126 non-demented patients with PD (MMSE ≥25) were enrolled. They were assessed using Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS), Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) stage, Schwab and England (S&E) scale of activity of daily life. Mini-international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI) was used for diagnosis of depression, psychosis and anxiety. Beck's depression inventory (BDI), Brief psychiatric rating scale (BSRS) and Hamilton rating scale for anxiety (HAM-A) scales were used for assessment of severity of depression, psychosis and anxiety respectively. Results: Mean age and duration of disease was 57.9 ± 10.9 years and 7.3 ± 3.6 years respectively. At least one of the neuropsychiatric co-morbidity was present in 64% patients. Depression, suicidal risk, psychosis and anxiety were present in 43.7%, 31%, 23.8% and 35.7% respectively. Visual hallucinations (20.6%) were most frequent, followed by tactile (13.5%), auditory (7.2%) and olfactory hallucinations (1.6%). Patients with depression had higher motor disability (UPDRS-motor score 33.1 ± 14.0 vs 27.3 ± 13.3; and UPDRS-total 50.7 ± 21.8 vs 41.0 ± 20.3, all p values <0.05). Patients with psychosis were older (63.6 ± 8.0 years vs 56.1 ± 11.1 years, p < 0.05) and had longer duration of illness (8.6 ± 3.4 years vs 6.9 ± 3.5, p < 0.05). Conclusions: About two third patients with Parkinson's disease have associated neuropsychiatric co-morbidities. Depression was more frequent in patients with higher disability and psychosis with longer duration of disease and older age. These co-morbidities need to be addressed during management of patients with PD.
Central pontine myelinolysis presenting as isolated sixth nerve palsy in third trimester of pregnancy
Tushar Divakar Gosavi, Siew Ju See
A 30-year-old primigravida presented with isolated left sixth nerve palsy at 38 weeks gestation. Her MRI showed a lesion consistent with central pontine myelinolysis (CPM). Extensive investigations did not reveal any secondary cause for the CPM. She recovered spontaneously in 2 weeks with complete resolution of her MRI changes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CPM occurring in third trimester in the absence of identifiable secondary causes and of CPM presenting as an isolated sixth nerve palsy. We discuss the reported causes of CPM in pregnancy, possible pathophysiologic mechanisms involved and the anatomic basis of the unique clinical presentation of sixth nerve palsy in our case.
Fazio Londe syndrome: A treatable disorder
Poovazhagi Varadarajan, Vimal Thayanathi, Leema C Pauline
Fazio Londe Syndrome is a rare neurological disorder presenting with progressive bulbar palsy with respiratory failure. Initially considered to have an unrelenting course, is now found to be due to mutations in the SLC52A3 gene which encodes the intestinal (hRFT2) riboflavin transporter in some children. We report an 11-year-old child with features of Fazio Londe syndrome who presented to our Institute with respiratory failure.
Atypical lytic lesions of skull: Clinical and radiological correlation
Sureka Binit, Mahesh Kumar Mittal, Aliza Mittal, Brij Bhushan Thukral
Imaging alone cannot differentiate various isolated atypical lytic lesions involving the skull. Clinical and radiological correlation is mandatory in reaching to a diagnosis. Histopathology remains the gold standard. We describe few atypical cases presenting as isolated lytic lesions of skull with characteristic imaging findings and a brief clinical approach to reach towards the diagnosis.
Bright splenium of a psychotic mind
Shankar C Udaya, Bhumir N Chauhan, Vivek J Philip
A twenty-one-year old primigravida presented two weeks postpartum with new onset of behavioral alteration and irrelevant talking without fever, headache, or seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain showed a lesion with diffusion restriction in splenium of corpus callosum. A possibility of postpartum psychosis was considered after ruling out various etiologies for splenium hyperintense lesion. Near complete resolution of symptoms was noted after initiation of antipsychotic medications. Literature has described multiple etiologies for lesions involving splenium of corpus callosum on brain imaging. We present this case as a unique clinical presentation of splenial pathology in the form of postpartum psychosis.
Episodic neurological dysfunction in hereditary peripheral neuropathy
Girish Baburao Kulkarni, Pooja Mailankody, Pawanraj Palu Isnwara, Chandrajit Prasad, Veerendrakumar Mustare
Episodic transient neurological symptoms are an important set of problems presenting to a neurologist in his routine practice. Occasionally, detailed clinical history including past and family history supplemented with focused examination can bring out a rare cause for such symptoms. We describe in this report in a young male presenting with episodic focal neurological dysfunction, with family history of similar episodes in mother and brother. Examination showed features of pes cavus and peripheral neuropathy for which patient was asymptomatic. Mother and brother were established cases of hereditary neuropathy. Imaging on multiple occasions showed reversible white matter abnormalities. Clinical suspicion of X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1 (CMT1X) was confirmed with detection of mutation in Gap Junction B1 (GJB1) gene, which codes for connexin 32 protein (c.425G>A; p.R142Q hemizygous mutation). Though this mutation has been already reported in CMTX patients, it has not been associated with transient neurological dysfunctions. This is probably the first reported case of CMTX patient with transient neurological dysfunction from India, whose family members had similar episodes.
Tacrolimus associated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and stroke in the young
Boby Varkey Maramattom, Rahul Patil, Punnoose Thomas, Binu Upendran
Spinocerebellar ataxia-10 with paranoid schizophrenia
Bhavesh Trikamji, Parampreet Singh, Shrikant Mishra
Spino-cerebellar ataxia type 10 (SCA10) is an autosomal dominant disorder that is characterized by cerebellar ataxia, seizures and nystagmus with a fragmented pursuit. Schizophrenia has been reported with SCAs 1 and 2 yet in SCA 10, psychiatric manifestations are uncommon. We report a Hispanic family involving a father and his four children with SCA10 genetic mutation. Two of his children, a 20-year-old female and a 23-year-old male, presented with gradually progressive spino-cerebellar ataxia and paranoid schizophrenia. Neurological examination revealed ocular dysmetria, dysdiadokinesia, impaired finger-to-nose exam, gait ataxia and hyperreflexia in both the cases. Additionally, they had a history of psychosis with destructive behavior, depression and paranoid delusions with auditory hallucinations. Serology and CSF studies were unremarkable and MRI brain revealed cerebellar volume loss. Ultimately, a test for ATAXIN-10 mutation was positive thus confirming the diagnosis of SCA10 in father and his four children. We now endeavor to investigate the association between schizophrenia and SCA10.
Quantitative EEG and medial temporal lobe atrophy in Alzheimer's dementia: Preliminary study
Soo-Ji Lee, Min-Ho Park, Sang-Soon Park, Jin-Young Ahn, Jae-Hyeok Heo
Backgrounds: The electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been widely reported, and medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTLA) is one of the hallmarks in early stage of AD. We aimed to assess the relationship between EEG abnormalities and MTLA and its clinical validity. Materials and Methods: A total of 18 patients with AD were recruited (the mean age: 77.83 years). Baseline EEGs were analyzed with quantitative spectral analysis. MTLA was assessed by a T1-axial visual rating scale (VRS). Results: In relative power spectrum analysis according to the right MTLA severity, the power of theta waves in C4, T4, F4, F8, and T5 increased significantly and the power of beta waves in T6, C4, T4, F8, T5, P3, T3, and F7 decreased significantly in severe atrophy group. In relative power spectrum analysis according to the left MTLA severity, the power of theta waves in T3 increased significantly and that of beta waves in P4, T6, C4, F4, F8, T5, P3, C3, T3, F3, and F7 decreased significantly in severe atrophy group. Conclusion: The severe MTLA group, regardless of laterality, showed more severe quantitative EEG alterations. These results suggest that quantitative EEG abnormalities are correlated with the MTLA, which may play an important role in AD process.
Unilateral rubral tremors in Wilson's disease treated with dimercaprol
Rahul T Chakor, Haresh Bharote, Nishikant Eklare, Khansabegum Tamboli
Tremors are reported as the most frequent neurological manifestation of Wilson's disease (WD) in some series. Postural tremors, rest tremors, action tremors and wing-beating (rubral) tremors are the different types of tremors seen in WD. We report a patient of WD with unilateral rubral tremors refractory to 1-year therapy with Penicillamine and anti-tremor medications. The tremors decreased considerably after adding chelation therapy with dimercaprol. Combination of Penicillamine and dimercaprol is an effective decoppering measure in rubral tremors of WD.
Alien hand and leg as the presenting feature of probable sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: A rare presentation of a rare disease
Banshi Lal Kumawat, Chandra Mohan Sharma, Kunal Nath, Mihir Acharya, Dinesh Khandelwal, Deepak Jain
January-March 2015, 18(1):99-102
Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) can have varied clinical presentation depending upon the genotype at codon 129. The common presenting clinical features of sCJD are rapid onset cognitive impairment, ataxia, psychosis and visual signs (field defects, distortion, cortical blindness). Alien limb sign was first described in patients with corpus callosal tumors and later with other neurodegenerative conditions like corticobasal degeneration. Alien hand complaints as the presenting feature of sCJD has been described in literature, but simultaneous alien hand and leg has been rarely described as presenting feature of sCJD. We describe here a case of a 55-year-old man who presented with progressive left alien hand and leg as the sole clinical manifestation of probable sCJD.
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in a child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on antiretroviral therapy
Karthik Muthusamy, Sangeetha Yoganathan, Maya Mary Thomas, Mathew Alexander, Valsan Philip Verghese
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) in HIV-infected children is a scarcely reported entity with previous reports describing fulminant course. The impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in altering its course remains unknown. We describe a child with HIV infection, who developed measles at 5 months of age and later developed SSPE at 14 years of age, remaining stable at 7 month follow-up, while on HAART for WHO (World Health Organisation) stage IV disease. The dynamics of HIV-related immunosuppression has an impact on the clinical course of SSPE. Contrary to reported cases of fulminant progression, a classic presentation with slow progression can be expected in children on HAART. We reemphasize the recommendation of "early measles vaccination" to prevent measles infection and subsequent SSPE in these children with an increasingly good life expectancy in the era of HAART.
Hypertrophic multiple cranial neuropathies: An unusual presentation of primary CNS lymphoma
Satish V Khadilkar, Ashish G Bhutada, Chetan R Chaudhari, Vernon Velho, Shilpa Domkundwar, Girish Muzumdar
Test-retest reliability of transcarpal sensory NCV method for diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome
Seyed Mostafa Jazayeri, Alireza Ashraf, Hajar Karimian, Ali Moghari, Asma Azadeh
Background: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the most frequent entrapment neuropathy affecting the upper extremity. There are a variety of electrodiagnostic methods available for documenting median neuropathy in CTS. In some studies, determining the sensory NCV across the palm-wrist segment has been introduced as the most sensitive diagnostic procedure for CTS. The aim of this study was to investigate the test-retest reliability of transcarpal median sensory NCV method for the diagnosis of CTS. Materials and Methods: Twenty-three patients with clinical symptoms of CTS were tested two times by two different practitioners in one session and again by the first practitioner after one week. Stimulation of the median nerve was performed in the wrist and palm, with a conduction distance maximum of 7 cm, reliabilities of median nerves sensory nerve action potential latencies with stimulation at wrist and palm (W-SNAP, P-SNAP) and its transcarpal NCV were assessed with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: Comparison of the obtained values, which were done by two practitioners in one session showed ICC of W-SNAP latency, P-SNAP latency and transcarpal NCV of 0.93, 0.88 and 0.87, respectively and values that were done by one practitioner in two sessions with one-week interval showed ICC of 0.60, 0.50 and 0.47, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings suggest excellent interpractitioner test-retest reliability of transcarpal median sensory NCV method for diagnosing CTS.
Ictal Generalized EEG Attenuation (IGEA) and hypopnea in a child with occipital type 1 cortical dysplasia - Is it a biomarker for SUDEP?
Ganne Chaitanya, Santosh N Subbareddy, Jayabal Velmurugan, Arima Arivazhagan, Bharath D Rose, Anita Mahadevan, Madhu Nagappa, Parayil S Bindu, Malla Bhaskara Rao, Arun B Taly, Parthasarathy Satishchandra, Sanjib Sinha
An interesting association of ictal hypopnea and ictal generalized EEG attenuation (IGEA) as possible marker of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is reported. We describe a 5-years-old girl with left focal seizures with secondary generalization due to right occipital cortical dysplasia presenting with ictal hypopnea and IGEA. She had repeated episodes of the ictal apnoea in the past requiring ventilator support and intensive care unit (ICU) admission during episodes of status epilepticus. The IGEA lasted for 0.26-4.68 seconds coinciding with the ictal hypopnea during which both clinical seizure and electrical epileptic activity stopped. Review of literature showed correlation between post-ictal apnoea and post ictal generalized EEG suppression and increased risk for SUDEP. The report adds to the growing body of literature on peri-ictal apnea, about its association with IGEA might be considered as a marker for SUDEP. She is seizure free for 4 months following surgery.
Neuropsychiatric profiles in patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia
Sunil Kumar Raina
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: Role of extra cranial collateral circulation
Chandramohan B Sharma, Jigar R Parekh, Dinesh Khandelwal, Bansi L Kumawat
Pseudo-dementia: A neuropsychological review
Ravikesh Tripathi, Seema Mehrotra
Challenges in understanding the epidemiology of acquired brain injury in India
Suresh Kumar Kamalakannan, Aashrai S. V. Gudlavalleti, Venkata S Murthy Gudlavalleti, Shifalika Goenka, Hannah Kuper
An acquired brain injury (ABI) is an injury to the brain, which is not hereditary, congenital, degenerative, or induced by birth trauma. In India, rapid urbanization, economic growth and changes in lifestyle have led to a tremendous increase in the incidence of ABI, so much so that it is being referred to as a 'silent epidemic'. Unlike developed countries, there is no well-established system for collecting and managing information on various diseases in India. Thus it is a daunting task to obtain reliable information about acquired brain injury. In the course of conducting a systematic review on the epidemiology of ABI in India, we recognized several challenges which hampered our effort. Inadequate case definition, lack of centralized reporting mechanisms, lack of population based studies, absence of standardized survey protocols and inadequate mortality statistics are some of the major obstacles. Following a standard case definition, linking multiple hospital-based registries, initiating a state or nationwide population-based registry, conducting population-based studies that are methodologically robust and introducing centralized, standard reporting mechanisms for ABI, are some of the strategies that could help facilitate a thorough investigation into the epidemiology and understanding of ABI. This may help improve policies on prevention and management of acquired brain injury in India.
Safe and successful intravenous thrombolysis for acute stroke in a menstruating woman
CJ Suresh Chandran
Cerebrospinal fluid cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases, HIV, and tuberculous meningitis
Sim Sai Tin, Viroj Wiwanitkit
Rare case of congenital absence of left internal carotid artery
Syed Amer
Hypertension and diabetes as risk factors for dementia: A secondary post-hoc analysis from north-west India
Sunil Kumar Raina, Vishav Chander, Sujeet Raina, Dinesh Kumar, Ashoo Grover, Ashok Bhardwaj
Introduction: A relation between midlife risk factors (hypertension and diabetes) and dementia has been studied in past and an association has been documented, in spite of some studies pointing to the contrary. Materials and Methods: The study was based on post-hoc analysis of data obtained from a study conducted on an elderly population (60 years and above) from selected geographical areas (migrant, urban, rural and tribal) of the Himachal Pradesh state in North-West India. Results: Analysis of variance revealed an effect of risk factors on cognitive scores; however, post hoc Tukey's honest significant difference (HSD) test revealed that only hypertensives' demonstrated higher chances of scoring lower on cognitive measures. Discussion: The possibility that hypertension and diabetes affect dementia needs further evaluation, more so in Indian context.
Group B streptococcal meningitis in children beyond the neonatal period in sub-Himalayan India
Divya Chauhan, Kiran Mokta, Anil Kanga, Neelam Grover, Digvijay Singh, Suruchi Bhagra
Objectives: To evaluate clinicolaboratory profile and the outcomes in children (1 to 59 months) diagnosed with Group B streptococcus (GBS) meningitis over a period of 1 year. Materials and Methods: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of 250 pediatric patients (1 to 59 months) admitted with suspected acute bacterial meningitis(ABM)were subjected to cell count, biochemical profile, culture, latex particle agglutination (LPA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).They were also evaluated for complications and were followed-up till 6 months after discharge. Results: Forty patients (25 boys and 15 girls), 16% of total suspected cases of ABM were diagnosed with GBS by LPA method and 30 (75%) out of these were above 3 months of age. The median duration of hospital stay was 7 days (range 1 to 72 days). State of coma was observed in two (5%) and one (2.5%) died, while 20 (50%) patients recovered completely. Conclusion: GBS should be considered as an important cause of ABM in Indian children beyond the neonatal period and further studies are warranted to determine the actual problem of the disease in our country.
Tuberculous meningitis on directly observed thrice a week regime
Sora Yasri, Viroj Wiwanitkit

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Putin says Russia is complying with all WADA demands
10 Oct 2019, 23:43 GMT+10
Moscow - President Vladimir Putin said on Thursday that Moscow was complying with all of the World Anti-Doping Agency's demands, as Russia faces a another possible ban in the build-up to the Tokyo Olympics.
"We are actively cooperating with WADA. The requirements presented by this organisation are being fully complied with," Putin told a sports conference in the city of Nizhny Novgorod.
"Our athletes are, above all, concerned with ensuring that any shortcomings relating to anti-doping issues remain in the past and that Russian athletes can compete on an equal footing," he said.
Russia stands to be declared non-compliant by WADA if it fails to explain why evidence of some positive tests handed over by a whistleblower does not show up in data provided by Moscow's anti-doping laboratory in January.
In September, WADA gave Moscow three weeks to respond to what it said were "inconsistencies" in the data.
This week the agency said it had received a response.
Russian sports minister Pavel Kolobkov said the response addressed "all requirements."
On Wednesday, Russia's anti-doping agency chief Yuri Ganus told German media he believed data handed over from Moscow to WADA had been intentionally manipulated.
Russia's Athletics Federation has been banned from international competition since 2015 over a vast state-run doping conspiracy, and the International Association of Athletics Federations last month extended the ban.
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It is with great sadness that we learned of the sudden and unexpected death on September 7th, 2017 of Dr. Larry Seidman.
Dr. Seidman was an internationally distinguished researcher in the developmental and clinical neuropsychology of schizophrenia, along side his deep commitment to patients and humanitarian affairs. As Chair of the 11th IEPA International Conference, 'Broadening the Scope', to be held in Boston in October 2018, Dr. Seidman brought his characteristic energy, thoughtfulness and commitment to our preparations. In his honour, we shall endeavour to make this a memorable and truly remarkable event.
We offer our most sincere condolences to Dr. Seidman's family, friends and work colleagues.


text:
Hollywood's pulp conscience imagines racism as a snarling dog
Pets Week
Every day, Watch This offers staff recommendations inspired by a new movie coming out that week. This week: It's Pets Week here at The A.V. Club, so we're recommending movies about the sometimes sweet, sometimes weird, always meaningful relationship between people and animals.
White Dog (1982)
"You're my last resort, and if you don't help him, they're gonna kill him."
"They should. They should, miss."
What little was left of the Stateside career of Samuel Fuller, the pulp conscience of American filmmaking, effectively ended with White Dog. Fuller, one of the great originals of '50s Hollywood, made his name with genre movies—noirs, Westerns, war films—distinguished by a two-fisted style and serious moral sense. Though he became something of a hero to the French New Wave and the New Hollywood filmmakers that followed them, he was never as respected at home as he was abroad.
But even that didn't prepare Fuller for the fallout around White Dog, an unsettlingly blunt look at the intractability of American racism, framed as the story of an aspiring actress (Kristy McNichol) who adopts an all-white German shepherd that has been trained to attack black people on sight, and the animal trainer (Paul Winfield) who tries to help her. Dumped by Paramount Pictures over bad early publicity, White Dog went unreleased in the U.S. until 2008, when Criterion put it out on DVD.
Dog reaction shots—which we covered yesterday as part of Pets Week—are a sort of litmus test for bona fide filmmaking chops, being so intrinsically corny that it usually takes a great filmmaker to do them right. Fuller turns close-ups of the dog's face—its white fur making its snarl seem even more like a graphical symbol—into the kind of blunt image that only gets more and more potent through repetition. And in the trainer, Keys, he finds a figure of nearly self-destructive frustration, whose attempts to re-train the dog become a metaphor for the question of whether the legacy of racism can ever really be undone.
Movies about relationships between dogs and humans are almost always founded on mutual sympathy; here, it's subverted into mutual fear, with Keys as just one man, but the dog as an idea. Boosted by a gloomy Ennio Morricone score and the kind of off-kilter details that always defined Fuller's style, White Dog remains sobering and, at times, troubling—Fuller's last great film, before a final decade spent making baroque pulp pastiches and TV movies on French money.
Availability: White Dog is available on Criterion Blu-ray and DVD from Netflix or possibly your local video store/library. It can also be rented or purchased digitally through Amazon, iTunes, and Google Play.


text:
Home-Conceptual
Home/Home-Conceptual
The Oakland History Center at Pine Grove is open! Please contact us for tour information – after the summer social! Our historic mansion and schoolhouse will be open for tours, our grounds are open and looking spectacular, our research library and carriage house are open, and we're happy to see you!
Our Summer Kitchen has sustained major damage. Please donate to help us repair it!
Stay tuned, and please consider becoming a Bicentennial Sustainer and supporting our society with a monthly donation.
Are you doing research on Oakland County's cities, towns, or families? Let us help.
Welcome to the Oakland County Pioneer and Historical
Society and Pine Grove Historical Museum!
We are the oldest county-based historical society in Michigan, and are open to all with an interest in history. We're an independent, self-sustaining non-profit organization, founded in 1874 by the area's pioneers. We are entrusted with remembering the lives, lessons, and legacies of those who came before us.
Pine Grove Historical Museum is named for Governor Moses Wisner's homestead, where we have made our headquarters since 1945, after acquiring it from the Wisner family. The Museum offers tours, events, research, and historical programs.
Annual events here include the July Summer Social and the December Victorian Open House, both featuring tours, entertainment, exhibits, and activities for all ages.
Throughout the year we present our Mini-Lecture series – informal, engaging lectures by local presenters on a wide variety of topics.
ABOUT OCPHS
Conveying the role of Oakland County, Michigan in the evolution of American History.
Maintaining Pine Grove, the 19th century homestead of Michigan's 12th governor, Moses Wisner.
Operating Pine Grove Historical Museum for the education and benefit of the community.
Preserving the past for the enrichment of future generations.
History Center News
2022 Calendar, "Burying the Clinton River" is available!
Yearbooks! We have yearbooks online.
Website upgrade underway.


Asad Shafiq joins Steve Smith, Alastair Cook, BJ Watling and Kane Williamson in making his second century of the calendar year. Shafiq's seventh test hundred and his second highest score in test matches. Shafiq isn't doing well in the DBTA stakes – that is his average over 100, which is just 20. But it has to be remembered he is usually the last of the top line batsmen and is batting with the tail. Shafiq is certainly having a decent 2015!
The third century of the innings was made by Asad Shafiq, which was his 6th in tests in 35 matches, his second in Bangladesh (the other was made in Chittagong in 2011) and his 4th highest in tests (his career best is 137 v New Zealand in Sharjah last year). He has two tons against South Africa as well, and one other against Sri Lanka.
We've done Mirpur now in the Younis Khan hundred yesterday, so sort of running out of things to say at the stadium or Pakistani level now! So was thinking, had we had a 107 this year, so far? The answer is no, so we can go to town on that then!
Have you seen a test 107, Dmitri? The answer is "not really". I was there on Day 2 of the England v Sri Lanka test in 1998, when Graeme Hick was dismissed on 107 early on that day, but he'd scored all the runs the day before. So it doesn't really count.
Asad's 107 was the 68th score of 107 in test cricket. The last one before him was by Jimmy Neesham against the West Indies last year at Sabina Park, Kingston. The last by a Pakistani was by Younis Khan (not out) against India at Eden Gardens, Kolkata in November 2007. David Boon, Allan Lamb, Denesh Ramdin, Alec Stewart, Doug Walters and Younis Khan have all made two scores of 107 in test matches.
Half the wickets were down for 75, but then came the partnership between Gregory and Graham, which completely altered the aspect of the match. These two young cricketers began by making a series of short runs, and obviously upset the fieldsmen by the fearless and rapid manner in which they travelled between the wickets. Very soon, too, the bowlers became anxious, and almost before the spectators could realise it runs were coming at a great pace. So admirably did the two Australians bat that at lunch time 120 runs had been added without further loss, and in all the total had reached 217, or 142 for the wicket, before Gregory was dismissed. With Bruce in, Graham completed his hundred, and soon afterwards the follow-on was saved with four wickets in hand, but at 264 Graham's splendid, though by no means faultless innings, was closed by a catch at the wicket. Out of 189 added during his stay, the young Victorian had made 107, batting for two hours and twenty minutes, and hitting a 5, twelve 4's, two 3's, and nine 2's.
Harry Graham did many brilliant things as a batsman but scarcely gave himself a fair chance. Had he ordered his life more carefully he might have had a much longer and more successful career in first-class cricket. His natural powers were great. He did not play with quite a straight bat but he was a splendid hitter with any amount of dash and vigour. When he came to England for the first time in 1893 he was at his best, playing the innings of his life against England at Lord's. No one who saw the match will forget the way in which he and Gregory knocked off the England bowling after Australia had lost five wickets for 75.
Other 107s to note, maybe, even if it isn't a wonderful big ton, are Alec Stewart's only hundred against the old enemy, made in Melbourne in 1998, when he gave up the gloves to Warren Hegg, in a game England won. In 2004, Marcus Trescothick completed two centuries in a match when he made 107 in the 2nd innings against the West Indies at Edgbaston. But all in all, 107 isn't earth shattering, is it?
Especially when you have a 226 and a 148 coming in before you.
Asad Shafiq's 100 came up in 149 balls and contained 9×4 and 1×6.


In Art. 226 of the Tax Code defines the specifics of the calculation of personal income tax agents, as well as the timing and procedure for its payment. This norm also defines the categories of obligated subjects. Let us consider in detail the provisions of Art. 226 of the Tax Code.
According to paragraph 1 of Art. 226 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, Russian enterprises, their separate subdivisions, individual entrepreneurs, private practicing lawyers and notaries, from whom, or due to relations with which the payer received income, are obliged to charge, withhold and pay the tax amount to the budget. The calculation takes into account the rules of Article 224. Personal income tax from the income of lawyers is charged, withheld and paid by legal advice, bar associations and bureaus.
In paragraph 2 of Art. 226 of the Tax Code establishes that the calculation of personal income tax is carried out in respect of all income of the payer, whose source is the tax agent. There are exceptions to this rule. They relate to income from which retention and payment is made according to the provisions of articles 214.3-214.6, 228, 227, as well as art. 226.1 of the Tax Code. The calculation under the general rule is carried out with offset of the amount of tax previously deducted in the budget. In the cases and in the procedure established by Article 227.1, a reduction in the amount of fixed advances paid by the payer is also taken into account.
In paragraph 3 of Art. 226 of the Tax Code defines that the calculation of tax amounts is carried out by agents on the date of actual receipt of income to the payer. The calendar number is established in accordance with the 223rd article of the Code. The calculation is made by the method of the growing total from the beginning of the period in respect of all income to which the rate is applied. It is established in the first paragraph of Article 224 of the Code. In the calculation, the incomes accrued to the payer for the specified period are taken, and the amounts retained in the last months of the current reporting period are counted. Exceptions to the rule are income from equity participation in enterprises. Their calculation, as well as the calculation of the amount of income tax, to which other rates apply, is made separately for each of them. At the same time, income from other agents and the amounts of personal income tax that they withheld are not taken into account.
In paragraph 4 of Art.226 of the Tax Code establishes that it is the duty of the agents to withhold the tax amount directly from the funds owed to the payer when actually paid. It is necessary to take into account a number of conditions. If the payment is made in kind or the payer receives income in the form of a material benefit, the deduction of the calculated amount is made from any income expressed in money. A restriction is established. The retained amount of personal income tax should not exceed 50% of the amount of money income.
The provisions of paragraph 4 of Art.226 of the Tax Code do not apply to agents who are credit institutions. The rules do not apply to withholding and payment of income tax, which are received by their clients as a material benefit. It is determined by the 1 st and 2 nd sub-clauses. paragraph of the first 212th article of the Code. The exception is made by clients acting as employees of these credit structures.
In paragraph 5 of Art.226 of the Tax Code defines the procedure for the actions of the entity if it is impossible to maintain the calculated amount of personal income tax from the payer's income. In this case, the agent must inform the person receiving the income, as well as the tax inspectorate, of the difficulties encountered. In accordance with paragraph 5 of Art. 226 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, the subject in the notification also indicates the amount, withholding of which was not made. It also shows the amount of income from which no write-off was made.
The notification provided for in cl.226 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, is sent no later than March 1 of the year following the completed reporting period, within which obstacles appeared. The form of the message is approved by the executive body of the federal authority, which has the authority to exercise control in the sphere of taxation. The Code also establishes that agents who are Russian organizations that have separate subdivisions, companies included in the list of the largest payers, as well as entrepreneurs who are registered at the address of their activities in connection with the application of the patent system or UTII, notify the amounts of the unrestrained tax and the value of the corresponding income under special rules (Article 226, 230 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).
Clause 6 of Art.226 of the Tax Code establishes that agents are required to transfer the amount of calculated and withheld Personal Income Tax not later than the day following the date of payment of income. The subject may receive payment for temporary incapacity for work, including for the care of sick minors, and in the form of payment of leave. In these cases, in accordance with clause 6 of Art. 226 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, deductions to the budget shall be made no later than the last calendar day of the month within which the relevant accruals were made.
The total amount of tax, calculated and withheldagent from the payer, for which the first acts as a source of income, is paid to the budget at the address of the account (place of residence) of the enterprise. This order is considered common. For some subjects, special rules apply. Thus, Russian organizations that are listed in the first commented article, having offices / branches, must transfer personal income tax to the budget and at their location, and to the address of each unit. In the latter case, the amount payable is determined by the amount of income to be taxed, calculated and paid to employees, as well as on income provided for under the terms of civil contracts, formalized with individuals on behalf of the main enterprise. Individual entrepreneurs registered at the place of their activities in connection with the use of the patent system or UTII, from the income of employees should transfer the amount of personal income tax to the budget at the address of the account.
The total amount of personal income tax, accrued and withheld fromof the payer's income, which is more than 100 rubles, is transferred to the budget in accordance with the rules given above. If the amount of tax is less than 100 rubles, it is added to the deduction for the next month, but not later than the last month of the current period. It is not allowed to pay tax from the agent's funds. When drawing up contracts and conclusion of transactions, it is prohibited to include in the terms of agreements the clauses that imply the undertaking by the enterprise to bear the costs associated with the deduction of personal income tax.
Lawyers colleges and bureaus, jur. consultations.
The law establishes that wheneverthese persons pay income to citizens, they are tax agents. This, in turn, means that they are obliged to charge, retain and send to the budget the amount of personal income tax.
Individual entrepreneurs who deduct taxes on income from commercial activities.
Notaries and other persons engaged in private practice. They deduct the tax from the income received in the course of their work.
Under civil-law agreements concluded with other natural persons who are not agents. For example, it can be a rental agreement.
From sources located outside the borders of the Russian Federation.
From the realization of the material values that the said persons own.
In the form of winnings, which are paid by the organizers of sweepstakes, lotteries and other games based on risk (using automatic machines including).
In addition, the obligation to independently deductIn the budget, personal income tax is assigned to payers whose income the agent was unable to withhold tax. Such a situation, for example, arises with a payment in kind. The above subjects must submit a declaration to the tax authority located at their place of residence at the end of the reporting year.
The Code provides rules for determining,deduction and deduction of personal income tax. Calculation of tax at a rate of 13% produces an accrual result. The calculation is carried out from the beginning of the period after the end of each month from all incomes falling under the taxation. The law also provides for rates of 30, 9, 15 and 35%. Taxes on them are calculated separately for each amount of income. The withholding may be carried out only from the funds actually paid to the entity. In this case, the income received by the payer from other sources is not taken into account. Accordingly, the calculation does not take into account the taxes withheld by other entities. Excessively written-off amounts are subject to return by the agent to the payer upon his application. It is drawn up in writing. Unpaid or written-off partial taxes are collected by agents from natural persons until the calculated amount is fully paid off. Terms for making transfers are provided in paragraph 6 of Article 226 of the Tax Code. Particular attention should be paid tothe obligation to notify the supervisory authority that it is impossible to withhold the payer's income. In case of violation of the established requirements to the agent sanctions may be applied. The notice shall specify the amount of the unreasonable personal income tax, as well as the amount of income from which the write-off was not made. The notice is also sent to the payer himself.


The two day training event on 'Making Galleries and Exhibitions' aims to provide an introduction to how Museums, Galleries and other organisations create displays with objects, photographs and art works. We look at how we can effectively communicate our ideas and research to different audiences through museum, galleries and exhibitions. It is an opportunity to hear from staff working across different Museums, Galleries and Heritage Organisations about their work in this area.
This CDP training involves preparatory work (practical exercise) that will be sent out to you once you have booked to attend.
We encourage you to attend both days to get the most from the training as the practical exercise is looked at over both days.
The training is open to 2nd & 3rd Year students who have priority, if there are spaces remaining 1st year students will also be invited to book.


As he makes his return from a six-game suspension, expect to see a heavy dose of Ezekiel Elliott on Sunday.
Dallas Cowboys running back Ezekiel EIliott has completed his six-game suspension, and he will suit up on Sunday against the Seattle Seahawks as Dallas clings to playoff contention. Entering Week 16, Elliott is still 16th in the league in rushing (783 yards) and tied for 13th in the league in carries (191).
Cowboys head coach Jason Garrett started this week by expressing uncertainty over how much Elliott would be used in his first game back. That has been tempered a bit by a quote from Garrett saying Elliott "looks good", and with fresh legs at this point in the season all signs point to Elliott stepping back into a big workload.
On Thursday, Cowboys offensive coordinator Scott Linehan confirmed as much via ESPN's Todd Archer.
I think we're going to have significant touches, "He looks like he's in great shape. Practicing great. He just looks great. So he's one of those guys that trains and prepares for the games. I think he's ready to roll.
Elliott averaged 26.3 touches per game (23.9 carries per game) in the first eight games this season, and he led the NFL in carries as a rookie last year (322; 21.5 per game in 15 games). So big workloads are nothing new to him. Rams running back Todd Gurley shredded the Seahawks defense for 180 total yards and four total touchdowns last week, so Elliott has to be looking forward to a great matchup.
Elliott is sure to have a little rust after a fairly significant layoff, but the Cowboys seem ready to make him the focal point of their offense right away again without a second thought. Fantasy owners that survived his absence, and have something to play for in Week 16, can confidently plug Elliott back into lineups as a RB1.
Could Dwayne Haskins be drafted before Kyler Murray?


Every now and then a game appears that is just different from the rest, and Seashine from Patrick Ellis is one of those. The game's motto is "How long will you survive in the abyss?" and that's what it's all about. You have to guide a small jellyfish in the abyss, avoid the predators and look for safe passage.
Aside from guiding the jellyfish, your goal is to set the highest score you can get, and you can do this by going deeper and deeper into the various passageways and underwater caves. Avoid the predatory fish and do your best to go after the light sources to help you navigate the environment, and you will go far.
Seashine starts with a tutorial: you swipe to control the jellyfish's floating movement and tap to collect the stars to get some light. There isn't a lot of info in the tutorial and that's perfectly understandable as the objective is to explore your surroundings and learn on the go.
The graphics are nice and dark, and the caves and passages make movement difficult at first. However once you get the hang of the controls you can navigate through the caves and progress through the more complex levels. If you can get enough stars, you will be able to trade these for poison cures, speed boost and other power ups.
The real strength of Seashine is the presentation: the music is appropriate for the gameplay, and as you move you'll see a lot of creatures swimming around, some harmless and others predatory. It is this mix of wonder and threat that make Seashine compelling.


text:
Patriots punt at trade deadline
New England Patriots head coach Bill Belichick on the side line during the first half of an NFL football game against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Sunday, Oct. 3, 2021, in Foxborough, Mass. (AP Photo/Greg M. Cooper)
By Karen Guregian | karen.guregian@bostonherald.com | Boston Herald
PUBLISHED: November 2, 2021 at 4:10 p.m. | UPDATED: November 2, 2021 at 5:28 p.m.
The trade deadline came and went. In the end, the Patriots took a pass.
There were certainly a myriad of needs, be it cornerback, slot receiver, third-down back, and defensive end.
Adding depth or fortifying any of those areas would have helped the Patriots, who leveled their record at 4-4 after beating the Chargers out in LA Sunday.
Currently sitting in eighth place in the AFC, with four division winners and three wild cards getting into the playoffs, the Patriots are definitely in the mix with nine games to play.
But they remained quiet on a quiet day overall in the NFL.
Bill Belichick, who was somewhat strapped not having much cap room — it was around $2.6 million according to @patscap, Miguel Benzan — decided to stand pat. He'll make do with what he has in house.
Speaking with the media Monday, Belichick said the Patriots had the usual back-and-forth discussions with teams. But in the closing hours, the Patriots head coach said he planned on focusing on Carolina, the Patriots next opponent, while Director of Player Personnel Dave Ziegler handled trade talks.
"If something comes up, it comes up," he said. "If it doesn't, it doesn't."
Last week, the Patriots added two veteran cornerbacks (Brian Poole, De'Vante Bausby) to the practice squad, while signing a linebacker (Calvin Munson) off Miami's practice squad.
So those were essentially the moves, and depth added to shore up a couple spots.
But the team still appears thin at cornerback, especially on the boundaries.
J.C. Jackson has performed well, but Jalen Mills is playing out of position as an outside corner. He's more suited to playing closer to the line in a Patrick Chung hybrid type role.
Joejuan Williams hasn't shown much. With Jonathan Jones out for the season, Myles Bryant was elevated from the practice squad to handle slot corner, and has performed well.
Standing at 5-foot-9, 185 pounds, Bryant has earned praise from the Patriots coaching staff.
"He defines it's not the size of the dog in the fight, it's the size of the fight in the dog," cornerbacks coach Mike Pellegrino said of Bryant Tuesday. "I love coaching him. Bill says it all the time. It doesn't matter where you're drafted, it doesn't matter how you got here. You're here now, make the most of the opportunity.
"And he really embraced that from the get-go. You get what you earn around here."
Karen Guregian | Sports Beat Columnist/Patriots
Karen Guregian has been a member of the Boston Herald sports staff since 1984, performing a variety of jobs. Since 2007, she's covered the Patriots full-time.
karen.guregian@bostonherald.com
Follow Karen Guregian	@kguregian
More in New England Patriots
Patriots sign WR Kristian Wilkerson, 5 others to future contracts
Patriots WR Jakobi Meyers, OL Ted Karras address upcoming free agency


text:
Q: I was trying to build Aseprite following a tutorial but it doesn't work After I use
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo -DLAF_BACKEND=skia -DSKIA_DIR=C:\deps\skia -DSKIA_LIBRARY_DIR=C:\deps\skia\out\Release-x64 -DSKIA_LIBRARY=C:\deps\skia\out\Release-x64\skia.lib -G Ninja ..

In the command prompt I get this
CMake Deprecation Warning at CMakeLists.txt:17 (cmake_policy):
  The OLD behavior for policy CMP0046 will be removed from a future version
  of CMake.

  The cmake-policies(7) manual explains that the OLD behaviors of all
  policies are deprecated and that a policy should be set to OLD only under
  specific short-term circumstances.  Projects should be ported to the NEW
  behavior and not rely on setting a policy to OLD.

CMake Error at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.25/Modules/CMakeRCInformation.cmake:27 (include):
  include could not find requested file:

    C:/aseprite/laf/cmake/c_flag_overrides.cmake
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.25/Modules/Platform/Windows-MSVC.cmake:510 (enable_language)
  C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.25/Modules/Platform/Windows-MSVC.cmake:488 (__windows_compiler_msvc_enable_rc)
  C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.25/Modules/Platform/Windows-MSVC-C.cmake:5 (__windows_compiler_msvc)
  C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.25/Modules/CMakeCInformation.cmake:48 (include)
  CMakeLists.txt:32 (project)

CMake Error at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.25/Modules/CMakeCXXInformation.cmake:89 (include):
  include could not find requested file:

    C:/aseprite/laf/cmake/cxx_flag_overrides.cmake
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  CMakeLists.txt:32 (project)

CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:36 (message):
  Your Aseprite repository is incomplete, initialize submodules using:

    git submodule update --init --recursive

-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
See also "C:/aseprite/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".

I'm seeking help since I don't know what is happening right now.
I tried reinstalling CMake, restarting the pc, updating windows.
I hoped Aseprite would build normally.

A: Had to clone the git repo insted of downloading the zip file

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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According to the Office of Children's Health Protection, children are more vulnerable to environmental health issues because their little bodies are still growing, and they eat, breathe, and drink more in relation to their body size.
Since they are active and curious, their behavior can mean accidental exposure to dangerous substances.
It is no surprise then that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reports one million children a year are exposed to and poisoned by lead. Since EPA also reminds us that lead poisoning is 100 percent preventable, parents can easily keep their children safe from this environmental hazard.
Exposure to lead can cause brain damage, slowed growth, hyperactivity, hearing problems, and headaches. Early symptoms of exposure include listlessness or hyperactivity, loss of appetite, reduced attention span and constipation.
EPA reports that exposure is difficult to detect since some children show no symptoms at all while others appear to be suffering from the flu.
The year to remember in regards to lead-based house paint is 1978. If you live in a home built before that year, be wary of cracked or peeling paint from porches and fences, window sills, banisters, walls and cupboards, doors, and baseboards.
Since lead dust can get trapped in the ground outside the house, EPA recommends teaching your children to wipe their feet as they come in the door.
If you suspect your home contains lead paint, contact a certified company to test for and remove it. Don't try to do it yourself.
Of course, clean up paint chips so that children can't play near or with them. If your home may have lead pipes, have your drinking water tested and use a water filter before drinking or cooking.
EPA also recommends running the water until it is cold, for about 30 seconds, or longer, if heavy water usage has just occurred.


Arizona Prison Watch: Az DOC soliciting proposals for 2000 private prison beds.
Az DOC soliciting proposals for 2000 private prison beds.
Well, we knew this was coming. This RFP for the private prisons is worth a read, though, folks. It helps you figure out where the AZ Department of Corrections' priorities are (not with the care of their prisoners), when you closely at their performance measurements, sanctions for non-compliance, etc. Once I get chance to dig further into it, I'll give you the run-down. In the meantime, here's the link to the RFP.


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Congratulations On Recognition From Super Lawyers
Congratulations to Russ Berkowitz, Christina Hanna, Jennifer Amdur, Erik Siegel, and Kelly Ferraro
These firm lawyers have all been recognized in the 2021 Edition of Connecticut Super Lawyers. Russ, who has been recognized as a Connecticut Super Lawyer every year since Super Lawyer has published its listings, has been named as a Super Lawyer in the fields of Medical Malpractice and Personal Injury Law. Christina Hanna has been recognized as a Super Lawyer in Personal Injury Law. Jennifer Amdur, Erik Siegel and Kelly Ferraro have all been named as Rising Stars by Connecticut Super Lawyer for their work in the field of Medical Malpractice.
The published list represents no more than 5% of the lawyers in the state. The Super Lawyers selection process is a comprehensive, good faith and detailed attempt to produce a list of lawyers who have attained high peer review recognition, meet ethical standards, and have attained some degree of achievement in their field.


This candleholder features Jerusalem limestone. The incised Hebrew letters make up the final words of the blessing recited over the candles. After the candles are lit, the warm light illuminates the blessing, reminding us to embrace this sacred time each week.
Each signed candleholder brass is sealed with wax, which guards against tarnishing. The limestone base is a natural stone and varies slightly piece to piece. Glass cups are included and hold tea lights for the weekly Shabbat candle lighting ritual. Tea lights are not included.


Clusterpoint Server is an instantly searchable XML database. Driven by its own search engine and disruptively fast ranking index, it outperforms SQL by a factor of 1000.
Clusterpoint makes text content in databases a first class citizen – making it simple to blend exploratory full-text search and surgical structured data query. Discover the best of both "worlds" within a single super-fast Clusterpoint database query!
Scalable, driven by Clusterpoint Server (Fast Full Text Search Database), Clusterpoint Network Traffic Security System (NTSS) is a raw IP packets capturing, re-engineering, indexing, storage and search system. NTSS can store months worth of raw and re-engineered traffic and perform fast sub-second ad hoc and full text search in meta-data and protocol objects at OSI 2-7 levels (web pages, emails, documents, chat, video, audio, IP connections.
software powered by super-fast and scalable XML database. Analyze, search and monitor log data through interactive, touch-screen enabled visual graphs!


The horses will be only a hundred yards up the road but mostly out of sight. Now that they are going, I realize how often I look at them. I have gazed at them as steadily as they have gazed at their neighbors across the road. They draw me out of myself. My thoughts turn into the cowbirds wandering among the horses' hooves.


There's no question that search engine marketing can have an immediate impact on your business. It's also no secret that millions of businesses fail when it comes to paid search engine marketing. How can you avoid the same fate?
While this type of marketing can bring immediate traffic to your website, it takes proper testing and analysis to dial in a system to work. You need a PPC agency that understands all the needed elements to create successful PPC campaigns that can be scaled.
Google Adwords is one of the most advanced advertising solutions in the world. Google has made many changes to Adwords over the years. While the cost is at all-time highs, you won't find a more advanced solution for your search engine marketing needs.
There's many components involved in creating successful PPC campaigns, not to mention your need for consistent PPC management to continously improve your search engine marketing. Hale Web Development is here to help.
Leverage proven search engine marketing strategies to lower your cost and improve conversions. We help you find profitable traffic from Google and Bing.
With performance based display, we help you leverage Google's Display Network to ensure your PPC campaigns are optimized for top performance.
Web users have different behaviors and responses on mobile when compared to desktop. This is why we include device optimization.


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Posters/Art
03:00PM - 07:00PM - PRE-CONFERENCE SIGN-IN/REGISTRATION
08:00AM - 09:00AM - SIGN-IN/REGISTRATION
09:00AM - 09:15AM - Emerald Ballroom - OPENING REMARKS
09:15AM - 10:00AM - Emerald Ballroom - KEYNOTE ADDRESS
Chris Volpe, Science Counts
10:00AM - 10:15AM - Emerald Ballroom - ICEBREAKER
10:15AM - 10:30AM - BREAK (15 MIN)
10:30AM - 12:00PM - WORKSHOPS
Emerald Ballroom - "Effective Science Communication with Policymakers" (Kathy Shield & Nicholas Karavolias)
Crystal Ballroom-West - "Visual Design for Science Communicators" (Lisa Wald, U.S. Geological Survey)
Crystal Ballroom-East - "Five Ways to Bridge Communication Gaps" (Roger Aines & Amy Aines, Championing Science)
Tiffany Suite 301 - "Cultural Awareness in Science Communication" (Vanessa Castillo & Alexander Toftness) - FULL
12:00PM - 01:00PM - Crystal Ballroom - CATERED LUNCH
01:00PM - 02:00PM - Emerald Ballroom - PANEL - "Science of Science Communication"
02:00PM - 02:40PM - Emerald Ballroom - PRESENTATIONS
"The Science of #SciComm: On Emotion and Humor" (Sara Yeo)
"Working with the Anti-Vaccine Community" (Kolina Koltai)
02:40PM - 03:10PM - Emerald Ballroom - OPEN MIC
RAPID FIRE PITCHES
03:10PM - 03:30PM - BREAK (20 MIN)
"An Introvert's Guide to Posing as an Extrovert" (Jackie Wirz)
"Enhancing Your Science Communication with Subtitles" (Circe Verba)
"Getting the Story Right: Science Communication 2.0" (Paul North)
05:00PM - 07:00PM - Crystal Ballroom-East - POSTER SESSION & ART SHOW
VARIOUS PRESENTERS
06:00PM - 07:00PM - Emerald Ballroom - IMAGINE SCIENCE FILMS
imagine SCIENCE FILMS - Film Festival
08:00AM - 08:45AM - SIGN-IN/REGISTRATION
08:45AM - 09:00AM - Emerald Ballroom - MORNING ANNOUNCEMENTS
09:00AM - 10:30AM - WORKSHOPS
Emerald Ballroom - "Technically Speaking" (Tia Over)
Crystal Ballroom-West - "Building a Brand on Social Media" (Susanna Harris)
Crystal Ballroom-East - "Media Engagement as Scientists and Journalists" (Kristen Lewis)
Tiffany Suite 301 - "Empathy: A Compassionate Scientist's Tool" (Reyhaneh Maktoufi) - FULL
10:50AM - 11:30AM - Emerald Ballroom - PRESENTATIONS
"Communicating Chaos and Connecting with Citizen Science" (Tracy Fanara)
"Collaboration Between Academia and Science Communicators" (Nicole Sharp)
11:30AM - 12:00PM - GROUP PHOTO/FACILITATED NETWORKING
12:00PM - 01:30PM - LUNCH (75 MIN)
01:30PM - 02:30PM - Emerald Ballroom - PANEL - "Bridging Science and the Media"
Lynn Walsh - Emmy award-winning journalist who has worked in investigative journalism at the national level and locally in California, Ohio, Texas and Florida. As the assistant director for the Trusting News project, Lynn Walsh works to rebuild trust between the public and journalists. She is also the current Ethics Chair for the Society of Professional Journalists and a past national president for the organization. Lynn is based in San Diego where she is also an adjunct professor and freelance journalist.
Robert Frederick - Multimedia science writer/editor/producer and is the digital managing editor of American Scientist magazine.
Chris Branam - News and public issues education leader for Oregon State University Extension and Experiment Station Communications. Chris writes about agricultural and natural resources research. He's worked in higher education communications since 2012. Prior to that, he was a newspaper reporter and editor in California and Arkansas.
Erin Ross
"Texting Campaigns As Science Communication Are Weirdly Effective" (Ariel Zych)
"TV Is Good For You: The Era of Social Impact Entertainment Is Here" (Adnaan Wasey)
03:30PM - 04:30PM - Emerald Ballroom - KEYNOTE ADDRESS
Ella Al-Shamahi, Paleontologist
04:30PM - 05:00PM - Emerald Ballroom - CLOSING REMARKS
Schedule subject to change. Check back for updates.
schedule_20.pdf
Professional Ethics Policy


After getting through the Back to School craziness, I'm picking up the 50 Ways series again. This post is part of a series based on Laine's Home Economics: 50 Ways We Paid Off Our House on One Income. Previous posts in the series are listed on my Budget page. Laine is a Christian woman living with her family in California and living off one income. I first started following her via an email list about 7 or 8 years ago.
The road to credit card debt is paved with good intentions and no discipline. You first step on the road when you pull out your card to pay for dinner instead of using the cash in your pocket. At this point, you could leave the road, and set a new course with your money. Instead, you choose to make a partial payment on your credit card which is now carrying charges for groceries, dinner, and of course, that dress that was on sale that you just had to have because you don't have any brown dresses with white flowers yet. And yes, you bought the shoes to match and charged them.
I'll be the first one to say I've struggled with delayed gratification over the years. Fortunately, my struggle hasn't been a huge financial hit for my family, though I'm sure if I added up the dollars and cents over the years, I still wouldn't like the total.
Set up an envelope or separate line in your budget for the item. For example, I have an envelope for a new sofa (cash), and a budget line (linked to a savings account) for our new furnace.
Use cash to pay for items as much as possible. Psychologically, it works better in reining in spending.
If you have an itch to spend, call your frugal buddy. I was really frustrated with the bedroom that my middle sons share. It has very little storage right now. When I was about to run to Ikea to buy storage items, I called my frugal sister-in-law, and we talked through the long-term plan for the bedroom. The goal is to put bunk beds in the room to accommodate 3 boys, however, given the pitch of the roof, our options are limited. End result: I re-arranged items and never went to Ikea.
Measure the item in the store, and go home and measure the space it needs to fit. Back to the bedroom – my husband and I wanted to get the boys into bunk beds. We went to Ikea thinking we might come home with new beds. However, we measured the beds, and stood next to them, and said, wait a minute, this might not fit. Let's go measure everything at home.
If you have a hard time with picking up items just because you saw them, use a small basket or carry everything in your arms. Again, you're less likely to pick up something on a whim if you have to carry it to the register along with the items you actually needed.
If you have the urge to go shopping, walk around your home with a bag and collect 25 items to donate to charity. Sometimes the act of connecting physically with our possessions helps us to realize that we already have enough, maybe too much stuff.
Surround yourself with like-minded friends. Seek out people who are frugal, budget-minded, willing to make do with what they have. You'll be more motivated to do the same.
What are your tips for delaying gratification?


It can be tough to know what to see at an event as big as EAA Airventure Oshkosh. As aviation enthusiasts, it is a problem we face every year. Here are some of our picks for can't miss goings-on at the 2015 fly-in. Hope to see you there!
America's most iconic airship will make its Oshkosh debut in 2015. This blue and yellow beauty is the first of Goodyear's new semi-rigid airships, designed by ZLT Zeppelin Luftschifftechnik. Goodyear didn't change their airships' design for over seven decades, so this represents a major technological step forward. Wingfoot one is scheduled to arrive Tuesday, July 21. It will stay onsite through Sunday, July 26.
This unique glider was designed to break the altitude record for manned, propeller-driven aircraft. If all goes according to plan, it will take a pilot to 90,000 feet above the surface of the earth. In order to reach that altitude, the glider will take advantage of winds from the Polar Vortex and stratospheric mountain waves. The flight is scheduled for next year at an unnamed location in South America.
Hartzell's home-away-from-home will return to Oshkosh this year, after a successful debut in 2014. Hartzell HQ is a free-standing two-story symbol of our ongoing commitment to the world's premier aviation event. Be sure to stop by and meet titans of the industry, such as celebrated aerobatic performer Sean Tucker and Red Bull Air Race pilot Michael Goulian. The HQ is air conditioned as well, meaning it is the best place to beat the heat and talk shop with the teams from Hartzell Propeller and Hartzell Engine Technologies.
The "XWB" moniker given to this enormous aircraft stands for "Extra Wide Body." It is not an exaggeration. The test flight version of this aircraft can carry up to 330 passengers on journeys up to 7,750 nautical miles. The A350 XWB will be available for public tours prior to a flight demonstration on Tuesday, July 21. Another demonstration will be held on Wednesday, July 22 as well.
The EAA Air Museum is a treasure trove of aviation artifacts. Visitors get the chance to see dozens of history-making aircraft, such as the Cessna G-2 glider. This masterpiece of wood and canvas sold for just over $300 and kept Cessna afloat during the Great Depression. The museum also contains exhibits on historic aviators and aviation technology. Last year, the Hartzell team donated a display on the mechanics of aircraft propellers.


If you are new to the school please visit AUSD's Enrollment page.
If you are a returning student here is a FAQ for the annual AUSD Registration process that occurs in the late summer.
Is there a meet-up during the summer?
There are regularly two Popsicle Playdates for incoming kindergarteners. Please attend an Information Night or Kindergarten Tour in January to get on the email list to find out about these events.
How do I find out my child's teacher & classroom?
Class assignments usually come out the Thursday before school starts. You can pick up your own child's assignment at Classroom Assignment Night or wait until Friday to look online via the Aeries Parent Portal.
Where do I find the school supplies list?
What should I expect on the first day and first week of school?
Fun! Learning! Excitement! Nerves! Fatigue!
The 1st-8thgraders will be on a modified schedule for the first week, with pickups at 1:50PM (1:10PM on Wednesday).
Kindergarteners will get out at 11:40 for the first 3 weeks of school.
What is the etiquette for dropping off and picking up students at school?
Bay Farm students are strongly encouraged to get to school in a green manner. Walking, biking, and scooting are all great options. Once on campus bikes, scooters, skates are not allowed to be used. Please walk these items on campus.
The white/yellow zones in the loop in front of the school are drop and go only. Please only use it with kids who can let themselves out of or into the car quickly and independently. As a courtesy please pull forward as far as you can along the white curbs. There is no parking or idling in the loop in front of the school. Leaving vehicles unattended in the loop is strictly prohibited!
Limited parking is available on Aughinbaugh directly in front of the staff parking lot. If you end up parking in a local neighborhood please be respectful and don't block driveways, fire hydrants or crosswalks. Also, please pull up so as to accommodate as many cars as possible.
Do not park in the staff parking lot (exception: disabled adults or students with visible placards or license plates).
Respect the crossing guards and the School Safety Team. Please stop when the STOP sign is raised.
Each volunteer needs to fill out the Volunteer Agreement Form from AUSD and have a current TB test.
If you plan to volunteer groups of children while unsupervised you will also need to be fingerprinted at a Live Scan location (form provided by office).
If you plan on driving children in your car you will also need to provide to your teacher proof of sufficient insurance.
What are options for before and after school care?
There are many different options available. On site there is Alameda Island Kids (run by Girls Inc.) and at Tillman Park is the popular RAP program (Alameda Rec & Parks). Visit the AUSD page on After School Care and Activities for even more choices.
When are the school holidays and minimum days?
For information on district wide holidays and minimum days visit the AUSD Calendar.
For Bay Farm specific holidays and minimum days, as well as the current bell schedule, check out the Bay Farm School Site Calendar.
How does my child buy a hot lunch at school?
For menus and payment information for the visit the AUSD School Lunch Program page.
How can I buy cool Bay Farm spirit wear?
Visit our online Spirit Store by All Good Living to see what is currently available.
Please review the AUSD Anti-Bias and Anti-Bullying Resources page for information on addressing incidents of bullying on campus.
What will happen if there is an emergency while my child is at school?
What is this U.S. Dept of Education Green Ribbon School about?
Learn about how Green Ribbon Schools are selected and honored at the Department of Education Green Ribbon Schools page.


The official, non-commercial sister site of Wikipedia for sightseeing, activities, cuisine and accommodation around the world; with 29,076 articles in English written by travellers like you.
Although looking centenary, Museu da Companhia Paulista (pictured) in Jundiaí was actually built in 1979 to pay homage to the railway history of the São Paulo state.
Kristiansand in Southern Norway is sometimes confused with Kristiansund in West Norway or Kristianstad in Sweden and is therefore sometimes called Kristiansand S, where S stands for South.
The most popular attraction in Chae Son National Park is the Chae Son hot spring where you can cook eggs in 15 minutes.


Not many companies get their recruitment strategies right even after putting significant amount of efforts and time. Have you ever wondered how few companies are able to develop a robust recruitment strategy? A precise answer for this can be making your recruitment strategy around your business requirements to deliver the best results.
Do you know the main reasons for the failure of your recruitment strategy? Do you understand these difficulties areas? Here we are covering the top 6 reasons that leads to the failure of recruitment strategy to help you build an effective recruitment strategy for future.
There are so many companies who are not clear about their objectives and goals of recruitment strategy. For most of the companies question of setting objectives only becomes important when there is immense lack of result in the recruitment strategy. It becomes important to address these questions while forming your recruitment strategy.
What results you want from recruiting.
How is it adding any benefits.
Forming objectives can help you in measuring the success or failure of your goal you have set and making adjustments accordingly. This will help you further by helping you in establishing ROI for recruitment strategy.
In the haste to recruit the best talent quickly for company, recruiters skip few steps to get ahead in the curve. Your recruiters need to make efforts with the hiring managers to ensure that the job description is attracting relevant candidates and motivating them to apply for the given post.
You need to understand the skills you require and the perfect location to search for it to get the suitable candidates within shortest time period. You can even train your recruiters in engagement and sourcing techniques.
You goal should be give the candidates an insight into your company and then let them define the way they can contribute in the success of the business. With the starting of the interview process, usually candidate feels that the company want them then why make them feel different?
Each and every company is posting their job postings on various platforms like Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter and many more. Posting vacancy is just not enough to attract the potential talent, you need to encourage interaction across these platforms. Social media is all about fostering communication two way rather than just publishing ads.
This helps in recruitment process by building trust and brand name of your company.
Many companies fails to identify their selling points. You should be aware to articulate in the right manner the benefits of the role you are assigning to the new recruits. The process of right articulation becomes very important to get the hold of potential talent. This process starts with job description, screening and interview stage.
Persona development of your candidates will help you in knowing the common pain points, their goals and professional challenges.
You need to follow these steps to make your recruitment strategy effective one. If your strategy is under performing and you are not able to keep a tap on the competition then the best way is to start with offshore staffing company. Eliminate the time consuming process of recruitment and retention from your HR department and hire experts for keeping an eye on talent requirement of your company.


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Eloy Tarazona (1880–1953) was a Venezuelan military figure known by his nickname "The Indian Tarazona".

1880 births
1953 deaths
Venezuelan military personnel

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Banjarkemantren is een bestuurslaag in het regentschap Sidoarjo van de provincie Oost-Java, Indonesië. Banjarkemantren telt 8363 inwoners (volkstelling 2010).

Plaats in Oost-Java


With June 30th rapidly approaching, the hype for STAR BOXING'S "SLUGFEST at the SUN" continues to build as two of the premier fighters on the card will be making their New England homecoming. In the co-feature bout, KALI "KO MEQUINONOAG" REIS (13-7-1 4KO's) of Providence, Rhode Island will be making her third appearance at Mohegan Sun against PATY "LA ELEGANTE" RAMIREZ (11-5 5KO's). Adding to the excitement, Connecticut's own "ACTION" ANTHONY LAUREANO (7-0 3KO's) of East Hartford is set to make his return home at Mohegan Sun in his bout against JUAN de la CRUZ RODRIGUEZ (8-9-1 6KO's).
Rhode Island's Native Warrior, Kali Reis, is no stranger to bright lights and pressure. Coming off an impressive performance on HBO against undisputed champion and #1 pound-for-pound female fighter in the world, Cecilia Braekhus, Reis looks to return home, back to New England and put her full warrior spirit out on display at the Mohegan Sun.
The last time Reis fought at Mohegan Sun was in November of last year. She is thrilled to be making this homecoming.
Another local warrior on the card to watch is Anthony Laureano. Laureano earned the nickname "Action" for his relentless, coming-forward fight style. If the East Hartford native is in the ring, fans can always expect an exciting show from start to finish. Star Boxing's "Slugfest at the Sun" always brings fireworks to Connecticut, and Laureano looks to continue the tradition with his homecoming at Mohegan Sun.
This bout against Rodriguez will mark the third time in his career that Laureano is fighting at Mohegan Sun.
In the main event of "SLUGFEST at the SUN" on June 30th, JOE SMITH JR. will make his long anticipated return to the ring against tough Kentuckian, MELVIN RUSSELL. After eleven months out of the ring due to a broken jaw, the "Common Man", Union Local 66 laborer, Joe Smith Jr. returns at the beautiful Mohegan Sun Arena in Uncasville, Connecticut. After coming off a stellar KO win on NBC against Andrzej Fonfara, and knocking out the legend, Bernard Hopkins, clear out of the ring, on HBO, Smith Jr. has his eyes set on winning a world title. Smith Jr. is currently rated #3 (WBC) and #7 (WBA) in the world.
Tickets for the live event start at $30 (plus $5 venue fee) and can be purchased at ticketmaster.com by clicking HERE or by going to www.StarBoxing.com. Tickets can also be purchased at the Mohegan Sun Box Office at Mohegan Sun Arena in Uncasville, CT.