London's theatre scene has been well established for centuries and in some ways still denotes elegance and glamour as well as a treat day out. I have long bemoaned the rising price of a theatre ticket, but it is easy to forget that with the price of your ticket you are also given an entry pass to some of the most exclusive and glamorous drinking spots in town; theatre bars!
Reading Guardian theatre expert Lyn Gardner's recent pondering on what makes a good interval, I found myself reflecting on how much I relish spending some time in a theatre bar that allows me a reasonably priced G&T, or more realistically a cool glass of house white, in lavish or chic surroundings.
In celebration of Official Theatre's love of a nice drink (ice and a slice!) in a good theatre bar, we have put our heads together with a few other regular theatre goers to come up with our ultimate top ten theatre bars! Bottoms up!
The newest theatre on the block certainly sets the standards for modern builds to come and definitely highlights the growing importance of a bar/ social area for patrons. The St James seems to be pioneering the venue more as an arts space, rather than a get in, watch your show and get out fandango. The bar is in fact open from 10am to 11pm (11.30 on Fridays and Saturdays) so there is no need to try and gulp down an interval wine in ten minutes, instead you could indulge in a coffee (or something stronger) before the show and/or discuss the show over an aperitif after; my kind of bar! Whilst the surroundings in the St James Bar may be less steeped in culture and gold leafing than other West End drinkeries, the surroundings are booth cool (airy) and COOL (trendy!) Hello fashionable Espresso Martini Cocktail, how's about we make friends! Cocktails here will set you back around £8.50 and for those who prefer a classic ale, the St James Bar is one of the few West End venues that serve what my boyfriend would call "real beer." Hurrah!
I love going to the pub almost as much as I love going to the theatre! Thankfully the Kings Head Theatre Pub has married the two concepts so I can enjoy both at the same time! Yippee! And talking of "real beer," the Kings Head certainly knows the score! There are plenty of ales and authentic ciders on tap which can of course be taken into the intimate theatre space too. The pub is cosy and welcoming and, as I discovered in the interval of a delightful Thornton Wilder double bill at Christmas time, it has a genuine log fire to help keep chilly revelers warm in the winter months.
Like the St James Theatre Bar, theatregoers can make a proper night of it by meeting friends for a drink before the show or burning the midnight oil with wine and post show discussions. Open until 1am most nights (later Thursday – Saturday), there is a good chance theatregoers will run into cast members after the show. The venue also puts on regular free music, so it's a bit like getting two shows for the price of one!
Located on London's stagiest street, there is a buzz on Shaftesbury Avenue that spills into the Gielgud Theatre. Yeah okay the Dress Circle bar is not the roomiest of theatre bars in the world on account of the whopping great hole in the middle of the floor, but my goodness it is beautiful! I love a good chandelier, and the Gielgud certainly provides on this front! On account of the grandeur, this is another bar wherein I like to pretend I am some kind of early 20th Century Queen whilst peering regally over the mezzanine. The bar also looks uncannily like a saloon that could have been part of the HMS Titanic, so one could also pretend to be a lusty Kate Winslet should they so wish, of course without the fear of sinking.
Hubble bubble, toil and trouble, the Elixir bar is one perfect potion! Need I say more than SMOKE MACHINE? And errr…its GREEN! Seriously, I love a novelty bar, especially when it completes a theatrical experience, and a trip to see my favourite spell binding musical would NOT be the same without a cheeky cocktail in this emerald delight. Also, good news, not only do they open early so you have time to properly enjoy the cocktails on offer, but between 6 – 7pm you can get TWO cocktails for £10. If you really want to make the most of this bar I would get there early to secure a seat.
An ONSTAGE bar I hear you cry? So, you can actually have a drink whilst pretending to be Hamlet and looking into the bright lights of stardom from the stage? Yes siree! If that wasn't enough you will be treated to an up close and personal pre show gig from some of the Once Cast! Hurrah! Honestly, you haven't lived until you have supped from a plastic beaker on the stage of the Phoenix Theatre! The only reason this fine drinking hole isn't top of the list is because if and when the show moves venue, the Irish bar will go with it. Travesty.
For many reasons The London Palladium is my favourite Theatre in the whole of the West End, and it certainly has the most glamorous connotations of variety and vigour! Anybody who is anybody has performed on the Palladium stage, and of course supped champagne in the Cinderella bar! Now I KNOW that the Palladium has a lovely new bar area, the Val Parnell Suite, which is great for corporate events and IS very roomy, but for me history and grandeur wins; the Cinderella Bar, situated at Royal Circle level, is just better. Aside from evoking connotations of being a Disney princess, this bar is beautifully decorated with ornate pillars, a cheeky little balcony and several glittering chandeliers. Plus Bruce Forsyth's sculpture resides in the Cinderella Bar, and who doesn't fancy a drink with Brucey!
The Terrace Bar at the National Theatre is a delight for many reasons, one being that like a few others on the list, you have the flexibility of enjoying this bar without having to see a show at the venue. Whilst of course I thoroughly recommend supping from a cool beverage on the terrace before, during or after a wonderful show at the National, sometimes people simply don't have the time that day.
Secondly, yes, the National theatre was built in the 1970's, so doesn't have the same historical charm as some of the golden oldies, but this has given the venue the opportunity to create a modern, chic bar. The Terrace bar is nice, relaxed and pretty trendy; full to the brim with arty types AND the drinks are reasonably priced. For example wine is around £5 a glass and cocktails are a more attainable £6.50-£8.50.
Best of all you ask? The views. You can sup your pre/post/whenever theatre drink looking over the Thames and the rest of the London skyline, and at night this means many a twinkling light! The stuff of fairy-tales guys!
The word "saloon" on its own is pretty appealing and the Theatre Royal Drury boasts the saloon to end all saloons! This is one pretty, long and luscious bar AND you get to walk up a pretty awesome staircase to get there (another Kate Winslet/ Titanic moment!) Bar aside for one moment, as the oldest theatre in London the Theatre Royal Drury Lane is steeped in real history and even has a few ghosts walking about. So as you can imagine, having a drink in this BEAUTIFUL building is a true pleasure for lovers of theatre history. Also, since the theatre's big £4 million restoration prior to the opening of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, the bar has a perky pastel vibe, and from the newly revealed Rotunda window you can see right down into the cobbled streets of Covent Garden. Not only is this bar spacious, so one is in no danger of being cramped, it is also somewhat like supping wine in an art gallery! No really! Lord Andrew Lloyd Webber has brought in £600,000 worth of statues so one can share a drink among stoney friends! Excellent news! The only real downsides to both the Grand Saloon and the Cinderella bar at the London Palladium, is that they are pretty expensive… but hey ho, sometimes its worth making a down payment on a beverage to enjoy it among such finery!
I could not be more in love with this absolute beaut of a theatre! This grade II listed gem is the world's oldest surviving Grand Music Hall, having opened in 1828. Basically this theatre has all the history but none of the funding of its West End theatrical counterparts. Some trivia for you, Wilton's Music Hall was originally known as "The Mahogany Bar," which tells you how important the drinking section of the venue is! There is a really lovely atmosphere in the bar here and it's weird, but you really get the feeling that you are part of something special. There is usually live music in the bar, which serves a charming selection of local beers and other drinks. I must say that, whilst this post is not about food, the bar snacks are OUT OF THIS WORLD at Wilton's. Oh god. Wilton's is listed as one of the worlds 100 most endangered sites, so get there while you can, it may not be around forever. You can support this Romantic Era beauty by hopping on down and buying a bevvy! Yep, that's right, you can support a good cause by drinking…WIN WIN!
If you fancy joining the bar banter, then please do tweet us your thoughts!
Do you like your vino at the Vaudeville or prefer to sup your prosecco at the Palace? Are you more into beers at the Barbican or do you prefer cocktails at the Cambridge? Let us know by leaving your comments below!


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This fabulous Vision Éternel short sleeve unisex t-shirt features the 10-year anniversary band logo designed by the world-renowned graphic designer Christophe Szpajdel. The shirt's colour is heather dark grey and the text is printed using high-quality direct to garment printing (DTG) in solid white ink. This colour-palette reflects and honours Vision Éternel's roots in black metal. Vision Éternel started as a side-project while Alexandre Julien played in the black metal bands Throne Of Mortality and Vision Lunar.


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WP3 Geo-referenced Inventory and Map
Work Package Leader Lee-Ann Sutherland, The James Hutton Institute
This WP is responsible for collecting, collating and disseminating the inventory of agricultural demonstration farms, networks/supporting organisation in the EU 28, Norway, Serbia and Switzerland. Data will be made publically available through an on-line map with a searchable database.
The specific objectives of WP3 are:
To design a template and analytical protocol for capturing and categorising on-farm demonstration activities, demonstration farms and demonstration networks, based on the conceptual framework.
To compile a comprehensive georeferenced inventory of on-farm demonstration activities and demonstration farms and associated network-supporting organisations in 30 countries.
To produce a searchable data-base linked to an interactive on-line map
To produce and disseminate summary materials on demonstration activities, farms and networks and their characteristics, at national, supra-regional and European levels.
Task Descriptors
T3.1 Develop the analytical structure for the inventory HUT
Additional Information ...
The James Hutton Institute (HUT) will lead a process involving all partners (particularly CRR – WP2 leader) and AgriDemoF2F which co-develops an analytical framework and template for data collection, based on the conceptual framework from WP2. This will specify the data to be collected on individual on-farm demonstrations and networks of demonstration farms, as well as explanatory notes that explain terms and categories. This methodology will detail which activities fall within the scope of the inventory, methods for data collection (e.g. web search, key informant interviews, on-line survey, existing databases), and ways in which data can be accessed and stored (informed consent, data protection and ethical issues). Data sources are expected to include PRO AKIS inventory, LEADER groups, EIP Agri focus and operational groups, and national rural networks (NRNs).
The inventory framework will include (at minimum): topic and sector, relevant non-sectoral themes (e.g. supply chain, energy saving, care farming); aims and objectives of demonstration activity; geographic location and farm characteristics; governance, commissioning, funding, duration of activities, accessibility and recruitment (e.g. gender, age, employee types); and associated 'virtual' demonstration approaches (web-sites and social media such as facebook pages).
The draft template will be pilot tested by HUT, GQP, VIN, and FiBL on a subset of demonstration activities, to test fitness for purpose and allow for revision. Amendments will be discussed with consortium members, and validated with the IAB to produce a final version of the template and explanatory notes. Members of both consortia will be trained in data collection at the joint second consortium meeting, hosted by HUT.
T3.2 Creation of searchable data base HUT
PLAID will work with AgriDemoF2F to design a database to match the categories in the template. Filters will be created that allow the database to be searched for a particular subset of information (e.g. demonstration activities on livestock initiated by farmers themselves). AgriDemoF2F will produce a clickable map using a google maps overlay to locate on-farm demonstration activities and the organisations/networks which undertake demonstration activities. This task is undertaken during the pilot phase and prior to full inventory data collection to ensure that data collected in suitable form for the database.
T3.3 Compile data for an inventory of 30 EU countries HUT
PLAID and AgriDemoF2F will take responsibility for conducting the inventory in the countries which are represented in their consortium. In cases where there are partners in both consortiums from the same country (e.g. Belgium, UK, France, Spain, the Netherlands, Poland) those partners will collaborate to develop a joint strategy for conducting the inventory in that country. In countries which are not represented in either consortium, PLAID will take responsibility for the national inventories. Each consortium member will be responsible for data collection in their own countries.
HUT will conduct the inventory in the UK, and oversee subcontracts in Germany, Finland, Lithuania and Malta.
GQP will conduct the inventory in Poland, and oversee subcontracts in Hungary, Romania, Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Estonia.
VIN will conduct the inventory in Italy, Portugal, and Slovenia
ACTA will conduct the inventory for France and Luxembourg
AgriDemoF2F will be responsible for inventories in Greece, Austria, Ireland, Sweden and Denmark
National inventories will be compiled in database form, and all partners and subcontractors will provide supporting text summarising data collection activities, summary statistics, an overview of national governance and financing mechanisms, and patterns in topics, location and access (particularly gender). HUT, GQP and VIN are responsible for quality checking data before integration into the database. Contents will be validated with NSCGs. Training will be provided to EUFRAS (via ISP) to enable ongoing up-dating of the inventory after the project concludes.
T3.4 Synthesis and Dissemination APCA
Each team will be responsible to produce short information notes (length dependent on country size and complexity of governance structures) and an A1 poster summarising the demonstration activities in their assigned countries. ACTA will ensure user friendliness and production of summaries in English and associated native languages. These will be linked to the database and used at events to raise awareness of its potential as a search and networking tool. They will also be formatted into practice abstracts for submission to the EIP Agri database.
Supra-regional summaries: HUT, GQP and VIN will produce summaries for Northern, Eastern and Southern Europe respectively. HUT will produce an overall synthesis report. These reports will, for example, compare farmer-initiated to institutionally initiated demonstration activities; identify gaps in topics and access; identify different governance mechanisms and explore differences between different parts of Europe. This overall report will also be formulated into four page, plain language summary produced in four languages.
Supraregional meetings: PLAID and AgriDemoF2F consortium members, subcontractors, IAB and participants in data collection will be invited to supraregional meetings hosted by HUT, VIN and GPQ where outputs are presented, to further validate, disseminate and promote of the database and map.
Work Package Leader
Lee-Ann Sutherland

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Brent Stirton/Getty Images
Dousing the Sovereignty Wildfire
Sep 2, 2019 Jean Pisani-Ferry
In time, the current spat between French President Emmanuel Macron and his Brazilian counterpart Jair Bolsonaro regarding the Amazon rainforest may become a mere footnote. But other rows between collective and national interests are sure to erupt, and the world needs to find a way to manage them.
PARIS – On the eve of the recent G7 summit in Biarritz, French President Emmanuel Macron described the Amazon rainforest as "the lungs of our planet." And because the rainforest's preservation matters for the whole world, Macron added, Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro cannot be allowed "to destroy everything." In reply, Bolsonaro accused Macron of instrumentalizing an "internal" Brazilian issue, and said that for the G7 to discuss the matter without the countries of the Amazon region present was evidence of a "misplaced colonialist mindset."
The dispute has since escalated further, with Macron now threatening to block the recently concluded trade deal between the European Union and Mercosur, unless Brazil – the largest member of the Latin American trade bloc – does more to protect the forest.
The Macron-Bolsonaro dispute highlights the tension between two big recent trends: the increasing need for global collective action and the growing demand for national sovereignty. Further clashes between these two forces are inevitable, and whether or not they can be reconciled will determine the fate of our world.
Jean Pisani-Ferry
Jean Pisani-Ferry, a senior fellow at Bruegel, a Brussels-based think tank, holds the Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa chair at the European University Institute, and is a visiting fellow at the Peterson Institute in Washington, DC.
Europe's Citizens Say They Want a More Political EU
pbombaert/Getty Images
Jean Pisani-Ferry explains why the most important outcome of the European Parliament election was the surge in voter turnout.
Emanuel Müller Sep 2, 2019
There might be a delicate balance to reach for the populations that want to avoid excessive global warming between the maintenance of national market power that allows to take repressive measures as in carbon border taxes and the loss of competitivity that might have to be incurred by walking the walk intra-nationally.
Politically, it comes to mind that human life has obvious ontological value but much less obvious teleological value, except for those in the know e.g. Illuminatis.
The life expectancy of 80 years that many people are blessed with this days, is managed in different manners depending on once priorities.
Some people might like to life dangerously e.g. extreme sports practitioners, others, more safely, e.g. zazen practitioners, additionally different belief systems generate to some extent different behaviors.
If one believes that he is a pack of stochastically behaving atoms that generates a consciousness devoid of free will that will evaporate completely after death, one might want to enjoy recklessly in regarding of future generations one's sole existence in the duration of the uni or multiverse, yet others know rightly or wrongly that jesus christ will come back in case things go out of hand and will use his miraculous powers to make things good, e.g. through multiplying trees.
Internally some nations might want to turn into conditional democracies, making it unconstitutional to endanger future generations, which would create the need for some repression and surveillance capabilites à la China, while externally some countries might have to gang up on carpe diem countries through both economic repression for anti-service to zero carbon but also support collectively any service to zero carbon provided e.g. the amazon provides a global service and that should be paid for proportionally to the amount of deforestation operated historically and pre-historically in the country that benefits from the service.
For example Europe, that if devoid of humans would be mostly forest, should pay proportionally to what is lost in climate service due to present human installations to the globe.
Ultimately, nations seem to make zero essential sense, as the nationals are fully replaced every one hundred years on average, just like a river isn't the same water and the races are all heavily mutated descendants of the same procaryotes anyway.
https://prosyn.org/NSy01Xh;


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Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala – The Ice Cream Killer
In 2012, Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala was sentenced to life behind bars for the dismemberment murders of her ex-husband and her one-time lover on separate occasions. She shot them both in the head, carved up their bodies, stored their parts in a freezer and buried their remains under the concrete floor of her shop. She then hung air fresheners to hide the smell of their rotting corpses.
Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala
Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala, dubbed the "Ice Cream Killer" by the Austrian media, confessed in court to murdering two men and setting their sawed-up body parts in cement in the cellar of her ice-cream parlor.
Zabala, who has joint Spanish-Mexican citizenship, told the hearing in Vienna how she shot and sliced up, with a chain saw, her ex-husband in 2008 and then in 2010, her new partner.
At first freezing the body parts in the apartment, that also served as a store room for the ice-cream parlor, she concealed them in chunks of concrete that she mixed up in the cellar of her "Schleckeria" shop in the Austrian capital.
Ex Husband Holger Holz
Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala shot her ex-husband, Holger Holz, who she said was violent, lazy and a bully who refused to move out of their home after their divorce, at close range with a .22- calibre Beretta pistol three times in the head as he worked on his computer.
"I never thought I would be able to go through with it," Carranza told the packed courtroom. "It was 3 pm. There were children outside. It was nice weather, someone must have heard. I thought the police would come.
"Then my mobile phone rang. It was the ice-cream parlor, saying they needed me to come over."
After several failed attempts to dispose of the corpse, including the "crazy idea" of setting fire to it, Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala finally decided to resort to a chain saw.
"I cleaned and cleaned in the days afterwards," she told the court.
A New Relationship
In 2010, Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala was dating a new man, Manfred Hinterberger. But her new relationship, with the ice-cream salesman some 20 years her senior, quickly deteriorated until she felt "like she was in a prison. Like my head was in a plastic bag"
One November night, the two got into a drunken argument. Carranza believed Manfred was cheating on her, though there has been no proof to substantiate her suspicion.
"He turned his face to the wall and started snoring," Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala told the court. "I was so angry. I had the gun under the mattress. I took it out, loaded and shot."
Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala killed Manfred with the same gun she had used to murder Holz, then dismembered his body in the same way.
In the morning she "asked him to forgive her for what she had done"then she proceeded to dispose of the body.
A New Man, Baby and Future for Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala
In June of 2011, plumbers stumbled upon the remains of both victims as they were doing work in the cellar of Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala's ice cream shop.
After going on the run to Italy, Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala was captured several days afterwards and later extradited.
When arrested, Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala was two-months pregnant by another man, whom she married in prison in March. The baby was born in January but the boy, called Roland after the father, was immediately taken away from her and is now reportedly being looked after by her parents in Barcelona.
Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala has been diagnosed with "serious mental and psychological abnormalities," the Metro reports, but she was nonetheless ruled fit to stand trial. Court psychologist Adelheid Kastner has predicted that Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala has a "one in three" chance of committing another murder if she is ever set free. And added that Carranza, now in a unit for the "mentally abnormal," was dangerous and was like a "princess who just wants to be 'rescued' by a man.
After her conviction, Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala was incarcerated at a women's prison in Schwarzenau, Lower Austria, but will now be moved to a "special" all-male penitentiary in Asten, Upper Austria.
Goidsargi Estibaliz Carranza Zabala, the Ice Cream Killer, will be the first female prisoner to be housed at the state-of-the-art facility, which currently holds 91 men.
credit murderpedia
Rosemary West – The Twisted Epitome Of A Female Serial Killer
Sada Abe – Erotica Asphyxiation Was Her Weapon
Chisako Kakehi – Japan's 'Black Widow' Serial Killer – Madam of Misandry


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Q: Can I return JSON from an .asmx Web Service if the ContentType is not JSON? I would like to post a form using ajax and jquery to a .asmx webservice and return the value from the webservice as JSON.
I'm using ASP.NET 4.0. I know that in order to return JSON from a webservice the following needs to be set (1) dataType: "json" (2) contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8", (3) type: "POST" (4) set the Data to something. I have tested this and it works fine (i.e. my webservice returns the data as JSON) if all **four are set**.
But, lets say in my case I want to do a standard form post i.e. test1=value1&test2=value2
so the contentType is not JSON but I want back JSON {test1:value1}. This doesn't seem to work because the contentType is "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" not "application/json; charset=utf-8".
Can anyone tell me why I can't do this? It seems crazy to me that you have to explicitly
send JSON to get JSON back, yet if you don't use JSON (i.e. post urlencoded contenttype) then the webservice will return XML.
Any insights are greatly appreciated :)

A: If you will use WFC RESTfull Service instead of .asmx webservice you can implement all your requirements from your question. But usage of .asmx webservice with JSON as output required that you use at least contentType: 'application/json'. In different places you can find as a reason - security reason (see JSON Hijacking).
Probably 'x-www-form-urlencoded' is not your real problem. If you use dataType: "json" the parameters will be also send in the form "test1=value1&test2=value2"!!! The only difference, that all values should be JSON encoded. And jQuery don't makes JSON encoding of the data. (You can look in the code of jQuery.) The main difference is only that "Accept: application/json" will be explicitly set in the request header.
Look at JQuery ajax call to httpget webmethod (c#) not working which I wrote recently. In this post was asked example of GET request. But it is almost the same. The only difference is, that data after encoding will be appended to the URL (for GET request). For POST request the data will be send in body. By the way if one set "processData: false" (see http://api.jquery.com/jQuery.ajax/) the GET data will be also send inside of body. So read my code example from JQuery ajax call to httpget webmethod (c#) not working. I hope you receive ideas how you can implement what you will.
I think you had problems with encoding complex data for your .asmx webservice call. Here is example with "complex" data:
[WebMethod]
[ScriptMethod (UseHttpGet = true, ResponseFormat = ResponseFormat.Json)]
public OutputData AjaxGetMore (InputData input) {
    return new OutputData () {
        id = input.id,
        message = new List { "it's work!", "OK!" },
        myInt = new int[] { input.myInt[0] + 1, input.myInt[1] + 1, 20, 75 },
        myComplexData = new InternalData () { blaBla = "haha", iii = new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 } }
    };
}
where
public class InternalData {
    public string blaBla { get; set; }
    public int[] iii { get; set; }
}
public class OutputData {
    public string id { get; set; }
    public List message { get; set; }
    public int[] myInt { get; set; }
    public InternalData myComplexData { get; set; }
}
public class InputData {
    public string id { get; set; }
    public int[] myInt { get; set; }
    public InternalData data { get; set; }
}
and on the client side
var myData = { id: "li1234", myInt: [100, 200], data : {blaBla: "Hahhh!", iii: [10,20,30]}}
var myDataForjQuery = {input:$.toJSON(myData)};
$.ajax({
    type: "GET",
    url: "/Service1.asmx/AjaxGetMore", // + idAsJson,
    data: myDataForjQuery, // idAsJson, //myData,
    dataType: "json",
    contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
    success: function(msg) {
        // var msg = {__type: "Testportal.outputData", id: "li1234", message: "it's work!", myInt:101}
        alert("message=" + msg.d.message + ", id=" + msg.d.id + ", myInt=" + msg.d.myInt);
    },
    error: function(res, status) {
        if (status ==="error") {
            // errorMessage can be an object with 3 string properties: ExceptionType, Message and StackTrace
            var errorMessage = $.parseJSON(res.responseText);
            alert(errorMessage.Message);
        }
    }
});
($.toJSON come from the JSON plugin )
You can modify this example to HTTP POST, if you want.
One more small advice. If you use jQuery 1.4.x you can try use 'none' as dataType. See documentation: "If none is specified, jQuery will intelligently try to get the results, based on the MIME type of the response (an XML MIME type will yield XML, in 1.4 JSON will yield a JavaScript object, in 1.4 script will execute the script, and anything else will be returned as a string)"
Best regards

A: Request and response headers are different storys. Thus, it's not necessary to send a specific datatype in order to receive it.
In the case of jQuery, just use the underlaying .ajax() function with dataType set to 'json'. The rest depends on your calling script/service.

A: You should also set the contentType in the JSON request as well. This will ensure you don't have application/x-www-form-urlencoded in the request. Instead, it will give you want you want: application/json; charset=utf-8.
$.ajax({
    url: '/your/site',
    contentType: 'application/json',
    dataType: 'json',
    data: jsonString,
    type: 'post',
    success: function (data) {
        /* do stuff */
    }
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Man who robbed Metro PCS phone store in Talleyville sought
Alonzo Small
The News Journal
Delaware State Police are investigating the robbery of a Talleyville cellular phone store that occurred Thursday.
This is the second robbery of the Metro PCS store in two months.
Just before 8 p.m., a man entered the Metro PCS store at 2907 Concord Pike, approached the sales counter and demanded money and cellphones from a store employee, according to a news release issued by Delaware State Police.
The clerk complied with the robber's demands and turned over an undisclosed amount of cash and cellphones to him, said Master Cpl. Jeffrey Hale, a state police spokesman.
The robber then exited the store and fled in an unknown direction. There were no injuries.
The robber was described as a black male. He was 5 feet 10 inches to 6 feet tall, weighing 190-200 pounds. He was last seen wearing a white hooded sweatshirt and had a bandana partially covering his face.
The store also was robbed in late April. Cellphones and cash were demanded and ultimately handed over to a robber who fled.
He was described as a black male, 30 years of age, standing about 5 feet 8 inches tall. He was last seen wearing a blue jacket, black hat and glasses, police said.
There is no further clothing description or surveillance images available to be released for both incidents.
Anyone with information in reference to this incident and others is asked to contact the Robbery Unit at Troop 2 at (302) 365-8566. Information may also be provided by calling Delaware Crime Stoppers at (800) TIP-3333, via the internet at www.delaware.crimestoppersweb.com or by sending an anonymous tip by text to 274637 (CRIMES) using the keyword "DSP."
STORY:Police arrest New Castle man, link him to several robberies
Contact Alonzo Small at (302) 324-2856 or asmall@delawareonline.com. Follow him on Twitter @P_AlonzoSmall.


Wow! In just 5 days of wide release, "Hillary's America" has already broken into the list of the top 10 political documentaries of all time.
Wow! In just 5 days of wide release, Hillary's America has already broken into the list of the top 10 political documentaries of all time. After the Monday box office numbers came in, Hillary's America officially unseated Sony's Inside Job to take the #10 spot.
Hillary's America is Dinesh D'Souza third film, all of which have made the list of the top 10 political documentaries of all time. 2016: Obama's America is the #2 political documentary of all time, and America is the #6. How many Michael Moore movies will Hillary's America unseat? Only time will tell!
We know fans love Hillary's America—the film is now the #1 most popular documentary on all of IMDb! Michael's Moore's newest film is #8.
Rotten Tomatoes has perhaps one of the biggest spreads of all time between critic scores and fan scores, with fans scoring the film at 82% positive right now. We're hoping the critic reviews go even lower!
Thank you to all of you who have gone to see the film! Together, we can make this movie such a success that Hillary and the Democrats can't ignore it!
If you haven't seen the film yet, this week is the perfect time! Box office numbers this week are crucial to the total theatrical run time of the film, and with your help, we can keep this movie in theaters for as long as possible! Let's make sure every independent voter gets the opportunity to see Hillary's America.
Looking to take your Republican Club, church group, or other activism organization? Click here for group tickets. We'll even send you some free stuff!
Email sent to us@peninsulateaparty.org on July 27, 2016.


William Colgate began a soap and candle making business in New York in 1806.
In 1866, Colgate began making perfumed soap and perfumes.
One of Colgate's first soaps, Octagon, was a harsh soap mainly sold for laundry, but often also used as a personal soap.
Cashmere Bouquet was introduced in 1872.
Colgate's first dental cream was sold in jars in 1873, and by 1896, Colgate toothpaste was sold in tubes, similar to those found today.
By 1906, Colgate was manufacturing laundry soaps, 160 different kinds of personal soap, and more than 600 types of perfume.
Colgate headquarters moved to Jersey City in 1910.
Another company, the B. J. Johnson Soap Company, owned by Caleb Johnson, was formed in Milwaukee in 1864.
Caleb Johnson's company made soap from palm and olive oil in 1898, and the resulting Palmolive soap became so popular that the company was renamed Palmolive, in 1916.
In 1926 Palmolive eventually merged with another soap company, the Peet Brothers (William, Robert and James) Company, from Kansas City, founded in 1872 and the new company was called Palmolive Peet.
Then in 1928, Palmolive Peet merged with Colgate to form Colgate-Palmolive-Peet, which became Colgate Palmolive in 1953, dropping the word Peet from the name.
Ajax cleanser and Fab detergent was introduced in the 1940's, and both have become leading brand names for the company.
Headquarters were moved to Park Avenue, New York City, in 1956. In 1966, Palmolive dishwashing liquid was introduced.
Colgate bought a liquid soap business in 1987, and formed Softsoap Enterprises, and in 1992 acquired the Mennen Company.
And in 1993, after purchasing S. C. Johnson liquid soap brands, Colgate remains the global leader in liquid soap substitutes.


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Taipei Fashion Week SS22 Digital Fashion Show Theme Inspired by City's Pandemic Approach
TAIPEI, Taiwan, Oct. 22, 2021 /PRNewswire/ — Inspired by the people of Taipei's efforts to fight the pandemic by refraining from venturing out, Taipei Fashion Week SS22 x VOGUE Fashion's Night Out recreated Taipei's empty cityscapes for its October 16 digital fashion show, while tying in the spirit of the "Fashion's City of Freedom" theme. The show broke the mold of having a thousand attendees in a single venue by linking six iconic locations across Taipei virtually: Taipei Music Center, Four Four South Village, Bellavita, FE City Xinyi A 13, Breeze Nanshan, and Shin Kong Mitsukoshi Xinyi Plaza. Deploying aerial photography around the concept of "Taipei is my fashion runway," these landmarks were used to showcase the creativity of six Taiwanese designer brands: WooLeeX, Story Wear, Yentity, CHERNG DESIGN, RAY CHU, and Luxury Godbage by JUST IN XX.
Taipei Fashion Week
Taking the spirit of the "Fashion's City of Freedom" theme. Taipei Fashion Week X VOGUE FNO show broke the mold of having a thousand attendees in a single venue and broadcast live online.
Olympic gold medalist Kuo Hsing-Chun wearing LUXXURY GODBAGE by JUST IN XX reimagined Taiwan Olympic uniform
Paired with musical energy, the exquisite visual feast melded the virtual world with real life for an event unlike anything else seen in Taiwan before, while the addition of aerial photography took production levels to new heights.
"With the pandemic, we saw aerial shots of Taipei's empty streets on the news, and found the city to be beautiful at all times. In this unusual year, I hope to commemorate the city's fashion dynamism with Taipei Fashion Week," said Isaac Chen, Creative Director of the Taipei Fashion Week SS22 digital show.
"With consideration given to industry, business development, and the pandemic, the show highlights the spirit and vitality of Taipei, and injects contemporary significance and positive momentum into Taipei Fashion Week," said C.M. Liu, project leader for Taipei Fashion Week SS22 and Managing Director of Condé Nast Taiwan.
The show began with the uniquely American style of WooLeeX. Their Spring/Summer 2022 Collection was inspired by the movement of music, regarded as a living body, and the unique print design underscored the ups and downs of emotion.
The zero-waste collaboration between the brand Story Wear and the Chi Po-Lin Foundation precipitated stellar results from sustainable practices, as shown at Four Four South Village with a stirring performance by Deca Joins.
Yentity borrowed inspiration from plants in the city for its urban jungle sky bridge scene, while CHERNG DESIGN showed its lively and colorful Spring/Summer collection at FE City Xinyi A 13.
Viewers were then whisked via aerial camera to the fifth brand, RAY CHU, in the Breeze Nanshan Skyline Garden.
The finale at Shin Kong Mitsukoshi Xinyi Plaza featured the new collection of Luxury Godbage by JUST IN XX, along with Olympic weightlifting gold winner Kuo Hsing-Chun. The designer used upcycling to stylishly reimagine Taiwan's Olympic uniform, which Kuo Hsing-Chun wore on the evening, and to echo the sustainable fashion goals that Taipei Fashion Week promotes.
Taipei Fashion Week SS22 X VOGUE FNO was broadcast live online, and shown on large outdoor screens. Over 112,000 viewers tuned in to the LINE TODAY live stream, and over 80,000 have since watched the show on Vogue Taiwan's YouTube channel.
About Taipei Fashion Week
Organized by Taiwan's Ministry of Culture and Taipei City Government's Department of Cultural Affairs, Taipei Fashion Week promotes the development of the Taiwanese fashion industry and Taiwanese designers. The event aims to increase recognition of Taiwanese brands, strengthen Taiwan's global expansion in the fashion industry, and expand the influence of the country's fashion culture. For more information on Taipei Fashion Week, please visit tpefw.com.
Sunny Chiang
SOURCE Taipei Fashion Week
https://www.tpefw.com/


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Home » Politics » State Seeks Review of Court Ruling Striking Down Ban on High-Capacity Magazines
State Seeks Review of Court Ruling Striking Down Ban on High-Capacity Magazines
by Editor August 28, 2020 January 19, 2021
California Atty. Gen. Xavier Becerra. Photo courtesy House Democratic Caucus
California Attorney General Xavier Becerra's office filed a petition Friday calling for review of an appeals court ruling throwing out the state's ban on large-capacity firearm magazines.
On Aug. 14, a three-justice panel from the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals upheld a ruling by San Diego-based U.S. District Judge Roger T. Benitez. He found that the ban on the acquisition and possession of magazines, or LCMs, that hold more than 10 rounds was unconstitutional.
Becerra called for an en banc review, stating the panel's ruling is inconsistent with existing case law.
"Our common-sense gun safety measures here in California have a track record of success in doing what they were meant to do – keep our communities safe," Becerra said. "We disagree with the court's initial decision and will continue to use every tool we have to defend the constitutionality of our laws."
In the majority opinion issued earlier this month, U.S. Circuit Judge Kenneth Lee wrote that the ban's "sweeping scope and breathtaking breadth" is a substantial burden on Second Amendment rights, as magazines holding more than 10 rounds account for nearly half of the nation's magazines and are largely used for lawful purposes.
"We understand the purpose in passing this law," the opinion reads. "But even the laudable goal of reducing gun violence must comply with the constitution. California's near-categorical ban of LCMs infringes on the fundamental right to self-defense. It criminalizes the possession of half of all magazines in America today. It makes unlawful magazines that are commonly used in handguns by law-abiding citizens for self-defense. And it substantially burdens the core right of self-defense guaranteed to the people under the Second Amendment. It cannot stand."
U.S. District Judge Barbara Lynn dissented, stating that the law does not substantially burden Second Amendment rights because it does not prevent citizens from using "handguns or other weapons in self-defense."
Lynn wrote that "the prohibition on LCMs is more analogous to a restriction on how someone exercises their Second Amendment rights, by restricting the number of bullets a person may shoot from one firearm without reloading."
Benitez issued his ruling in favor of several San Diego County gun owners. They argued in their lawsuit that the ban burdened lawful gun owners while doing little to reduce gun violence.
– City News Service
Tagged: 2nd Amendment, gun magazines, semiautomatic firearm, U.S. 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, U.S. District Judge Roger T. Benitez, unconstitutional, Xavier Becerra


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World leaders welcome Libya's interim government
ISTANBUL Feb 07, 2021 - 11:28 am GMT+3
Delegates cast their vote for the election of a new interim government for Libya during the Libyan Political Dialogue Forum in Chavannes-de-Bogis near Geneva, Switzerland, Feb. 5, 2021. (Reuters Photo)
by Agencies Feb 07, 2021 11:28 am
Danish orphans subjected to secret CIA-backed experiments: Docu
World powers welcomed an agreement Friday by Libya's rival political groups to form a new interim unity government after five days of talks in Switzerland.
"Today's agreement on a new interim executive authority for all of Libya is another milestone towards peace," German Foreign Minister Heiko Maas said on Twitter. "All Libyan factions and actors outside Libya must now support preparation of elections and implementation of ceasefire and not stand in its way." Maas added that Germany will continue to fully support U.N.-led efforts for sustainable stabilization and lasting peace in Libya.
The Italian Foreign Ministry also congratulated the Libyan people. Considering that elections are scheduled for Dec. 24, 2021, the determination of the unitary and inclusive interim executive authority is an important step in strengthening Libya's stability and institutional structure, it said in a statement.
A new political phase begins, which is decisive for the establishment of the Presidential Council and for the full implementation of the cease-fire agreement of Oct. 23, 2020, and the withdrawal of all foreign fighters and mercenaries, in the perspective of the Government of National Accord (GNA), which we hope to be fully comprehensive, it added.
"Malta notes the outcome of the election for the transitional government of Libya. Best wishes for a united Libya run by Libyans for the common good of Libyans in a peaceful and prosperous Libya," Maltese Foreign Minister Evarist Bartolo said on Twitter. "We look forward to working with you for the mutual benefit of #Libya & #Malta," he added.
U.K.'s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office said the governments of France, Germany, Italy, the U.K. and the U.S. also hailed the agreement.
"This critical step towards reaching a negotiated, inclusive political solution is the result of a genuinely Libyan-led and Libyan-owned process, the mediation of the United Nations, and the support of the Libyan people," it said, according to remarks carried by Anadolu Agency (AA).
The statement encouraged Libyan authorities and actors "to ensure a smooth and constructive handover of all competencies and duties" to the new unified executive authority, adding that "a long road still lies ahead." It emphasized that the unified executive authority will have to implement the cease-fire agreement, provide essential public services to Libyans, initiate a program for meaningful reconciliation, address critical national budget needs and organize national elections.
"We call on the delegates of the Libyan Political Dialogue Forum to maintain their important function, guaranteeing the focus of the new unified executive authority on preparing and holding elections as decided by the Forum," it added.
Recalling that the international community committed to supporting a resolution to the North African nation's conflict at the Berlin conference on Libya last year, the statement underlined that all participants of the conference should now support the executive authority in fulfilling its duties to the Libyan people, fully implement the arms embargo and support the immediate withdrawal of all foreign fighters and mercenaries.
"We stand ready to hold to account those who threaten stability or undermine the political process in Libya," it said.
Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sissi has also given his support to a transitional government that would lead neighboring Libya through elections late this year. In rare televised comments late Saturday, el-Sissi said the appointment of the interim government, which includes a three-member Presidential Council and a prime minister, was "a step in the right direction," as The Associated Press (AP) reported.
The Libyan Political Dialogue Forum, which includes 75 U.N.-picked delegates from across the country, appointed Mohammad Al-Menfi, a Libyan diplomat from the country's east, as chairman of the Presidential Council. The forum also chose Abdul Hamid Mohammed Dbeibah, a powerful businessperson from the western city of Misrata, as prime minister. The three council members each represent a region of old Libya: Tripolitania in the west, Cyrenaica in the east and Fezzan in the southwest.
"We are supportive of them ... We are ready to cooperate with them for Libya's recovery and to prepare for the elections in Libya," el-Sissi said. The Egyptian leader said his threat last year to send troops to Libya helped "start a genuine period for peace" in the oil-rich country.
"We are keen that each move ... aims to build peace, prosperity and maintain stability in a region that has been suffered in the past 20 years a very great shock," he said. Egypt views the instability in neighboring Libya as a national security threat.
Libya descended into chaos following the 2011 uprising that ousted and killed longtime dictator Moammar Gadhafi. The country has been divided since 2015 between two governments, one in the east and one in the west, with each backed by foreign governments.
Based in the capital Tripoli and currently led by Prime Minister Fayez Sarraj, the GNA was founded in 2015 under a U.N.-led agreement. But efforts for a long-term political settlement have failed due to a military offensive by putschist Gen. Khalifa Haftar's militias. Al-Sarraj's internationally recognized government has been battling Haftar's militias since April 2019 in a conflict that has claimed thousands of lives.
Egypt and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) back Haftar's forces. The Tripoli government primarily has backing from Turkey, whose military support helped cause the collapse this spring of Haftar's yearlong attempt to capture Tripoli. The appointment of an interim government has been seen as a major step toward unifying the North African nation.
libya interim government khalifa haftar gna
Fall color explosion at Istanbul's Atatürk Arboretum


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KQED is based in San Francisco and broadcasts to Northern California on the frequencies 88.5 FM and 89.3 FM. It also offers an online live streaming service that allows people from all over the world to listen live to its broadcast, as well as a podcast service for a later follow up of its programming.
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Pivot Physical Therapy is now hiring a Physical Therapist in Salisbury, MD! Salisbury is conveniently located just 30 minutes from Ocean City, MD! It is also just a short 2 hour drive to Baltimore. The Salisbury team treats a wide range of patients and have specialties in Vestibular care, LSVT Big and Level 4 Advanced Work Rehab.


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Paper $31.00 ISBN: 9780226035499 Published May 1983
Machiavelli on Liberty and Conflict
Machiavelli's Politics
Catherine H. Zuckert
The Political Philosophy of Hobbes
The Sociology of the State
Bertrand Badie and Pierre Birnbaum
Translated by Arthur Goldhammer
Too often we think of the modern political state as a universal institution, the inevitable product of History rather than a specific creation of a very particular history. Bertrand Badie and Pierre Birnbaum here persuasively argue that the origin of the state is a social fact, arising out of the peculiar sociohistorical context of Western Europe. Drawing on historical materials and bringing sociological insights to bear on a field long abandoned to jurists and political scientists, the authors lay the foundations for a strikingly original theory of the birth and subsequent diffusion of the state.
The book opens with a review of the principal evolutionary theories concerning the origin of the institution proposed by such thinkers as Marx, Durkheim, and Weber. Rejecting these views, the authors set forward and defend their thesis that the state was an "invention" rather than a necessary consequence of any other process. Once invented, the state was disseminated outside its Western European birthplace either through imposition or imitation. The study concludes with concrete analyses of the differences in actual state institutions in France, Prussia, Great Britain, the United States, and Switzerland.
Part One - The State in Sociological Theory
1. The Classical Theories
Marx's Two Theories of the State
Durkheim, the Division of Labor, and the State
Weber, the State, and Western Rationality
2. The Failure of Contemporary Sociology
The Neofunctionalist Model of the State
Toward a Critique of the Functionalist Model
Part Two - State, Society, and History
3. State, Division of Labor, and Capitalism
4. State and Social Structure
5. State, Culture, and the Emergence of the Political System
6. The Transfer of the Idea of the State from Europe to Its Colonies
Part Three - State, Center, and Power in Contemporary Societies
7. Government via the State: Power to the Bureaucracy
The State Model: France
A Case of Incomplete
Institutionalization: Prussia
8. Government by Civil Society: The Weakness of the Bureaucracy
The Weak-State Model: Great Britain
The American Case
The State and Consociational Democracy
Political Science: Diplomacy, Foreign Policy, and International Relations
Sociology: Social Institutions
Chicago Blog: Politics and Current Events
Events in Politics and Current Events
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Hiring of health official rescinded over comments
The Pulse May 16, 2014 Andy Miller 0
Public Health1174
The Georgia Department of Public Health has decided to rescind a job offer to a California physician amid an uproar about his comments on...
The Georgia Department of Public Health has decided to rescind a job offer to a California physician amid an uproar about his comments on homosexuality, religion and evolution.
Dr. Eric Walsh had been extended an offer to become director of the North Georgia Health District, contingent on a background check.
Walsh, a Seventh-day Adventist preacher as well as a physician, interviewed for the position and had received an offer letter with a start date of mid-June.
But Walsh never mentioned that he had recently been placed on leave from his job as public health director in Pasadena because of controversial sermons he gave on homosexuality and evolution, said Georgia officials, according to the Los Angeles Times.
Georgia Public Health officials made the announcement of the Walsh hire to staff members on Monday. But agency spokesman Ryan Deal said Walsh had yet to be officially hired because a background check was taking longer than expected.
"That background check has not completed, and at this time the Department of Public Health has found areas for further exploration," Deal said, adding that the areas of further investigation were recent issues reported by the Pasadena Star-News.
He said an early announcement to district staff was "unfortunate" and premature.
Walsh resigned from his post in Pasadena on Wednesday after City Manager Michael Beck placed him on administrative leave to investigate statements he made in Seventh-day Adventist sermons posted online, according to the Pasadena Star-News.
In the sermons, Walsh condemned homosexuals, Muslims, Catholics and other groups as well as some personalities in popular culture and Darwin's Theory of Evolution, the newspaper reported.
The sermons surfaced after Walsh was invited to speak at Pasadena City College's commencement ceremony, the Star-News said. He later backed out of the speech, citing a scheduling conflict.
The Health Initiative, an LGBT activist group in Georgia, sent a letter to Public Health Commissioner Dr. Brenda Fitzgerald on Thursday asking her not to hire Walsh.
Deal, the spokesman for Public Health, said in a statement Friday about the rescinding of the job offer: "Today's action by the department follows a thorough examination of Dr. Walsh's credentials and background as well as consultation with the six local Boards of Health which comprise the district."
The North Georgia Health District covers Cherokee, Fannin, Gilmer, Murray, Pickens and Whitfield counties.


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Enhancing farm productivity & profitability by improving farmer's knowledge & perception on balanced fertilizer use.
At Pakarab, we know our long-term success is linked to the success of thousands of farmers who grow crops. That's why we work on-the-ground with farmers and educate them the proper use of fertilizers to help improve yields.
Enhance farm productivity & profitability by improving farmer's knowledge & perception on balanced fertilizer use.
We have a team of highly qualified and experienced Technical Services Officers, serving the farming community throughout the country. Team is equipped with the latest scientific knowledge, updated time to time, about crop production and fertilizer management practices & balanced fertilizer use to restore soil fertility and enhance farm yields. Technical team uses state of the art methodologies and tools to educate the farming community for improving their knowledge to improve crop yields, farm income and profitability. Team has a close liaison with the Government and private research institute, seed and pesticide companies for day to day updates on new products and technologies being used in the field.
For mass communication of our messages, seminars are organized in each territory. Technical services staff, fertilizers dealers and sales team is involved in this activity. Farmers from within the territory are invited to attend. Seminars are arranged prior to the planting season of each crop. Farmers are appraised on the latest crop management techniques, fertilizer requirements and its application strategies to get maximum benefit & output. Usually 2-3 seminars are arranged in each territory on each major crop.
Other than seminars, small farmers' meetings are also arranged. This helps in paying proper attention to a group of farmers, educate them and to listen to their concerns. These meetings are held starting from the planting season till the completion of fertilizer application to the crops.
Our technical field staff pays visits to individual farms. Detailed discussions are made to address various farming issues. Fields are visited, problems are identified and solutions are suggested. Individual farm visits provide an opportunity to effectively interact with the individual farmer, analyze farm issues and suggest remedial measures at the spot.
Fertilizer plays an important role in improving crop yields & maintaining soil fertility. It contributes more than 50 % towards yields, provided a balanced combination is applied at proper time. Fertilizer demonstrations are laid out at farmers' field to educate and convince the farmers for balanced fertilizer use. Field days are held at various crop growth stages and at harvest to show the effect of balanced fertilizer use.
We have a close liaison and interaction with the government educational & research institutes. Research trials on fertilizer use efficiency, application timing, methods of application and requirements of new cultivars are planned, discussed with the scientists and laid out at the research stations. The results are then shared with the farming community.
Technical training are arranged regularly to update the team with the latest knowledge and innovations in agriculture. Highly qualified scientists from various educational & research institutes are invited to impart these training. This helps in improving technical skills of the team for effective farmers' education.
We regularly arrange training programs for our field staff and other industry (seed, pesticide, sugar mills etc) staff on crop management and balanced fertilizer use. This aids in improving field staff knowledge and perception to carry out farmers' education programs effectively.
Technical bulletins are published on various crops. These bulletins are placed at dealers' shops and are also distributed directly to the farmers at various occasions. These bulletins give hands on tips for better crop production and fertilizer management to get maximum benefit.
Pakarab Fertilizers Ltd. has established Fatima Biological Laboratory near Fatima Sugar Mills at Sanawan, Kot Addu. Insect predators (Trichogramma and Chrysoperla carneae) are mass multiplied in the laboratory and are then supplied / distributed to the growers for release in the field. Trichogramma is an egg parasitoid which destroys the eggs of sugarcane borers, maize and sorghum borers, vegetable pests and different moths. Chrysopa is a predator and preys on many insects like sugarcane Pyrilla, Thrips, Aphids, mites and White Fly. It is named as Aphid Lion by the scientists. These predators can be used to control insect pests of various crops, like, sugarcane, cotton, maize, sorghum, vegetables and citrus. Again the effort aims at the reduction in pesticide use, control insects biologically and minimizes environmental pollution. Biological pest control is the only alternative of pesticides for pest control in crops and orchards. This method of insect control is cost effective, easy to use and environment friendly.
State of the art soil analysis laboratories have been established at our fertilizer plant sites. These laboratories are equipped with the latest equipments for soil analysis. Soil samples are collected from farmers' field, analyzed free of cost and results, along with recommendations, are delivered to the farmers at their door step.


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Home Economy When Will Interest Rates Rise? Fed Chair Says 'No Time Soon'
When Will Interest Rates Rise? Fed Chair Says 'No Time Soon'
https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/01/14/us/14dc-fed/14dc-fed-moth.jpg
Continue reading the main story
Jerome H. Powell, chair of the Federal Reserve, said the central bank remained far from dialing back support for the economy.
Jerome H. Powell, the Federal Reserve chair, said on Thursday that the economy would need time to recover from the pandemic.Credit…Nate Palmer for The New York Times
Jan. 14, 2021Updated 4:10 p.m. ET
With the incoming Biden administration pushing for more economic stimulus and with multiple coronavirus vaccines already approved, some investors have been wondering whether the Federal Reserve might soon start to ease off its support for the economy.
Jerome H. Powell, the central bank's chair, made it clear on Thursday that the central bank would be cautious in doing so — and that action was anything but imminent. During a webcast question-and-answer session, Mr. Powell said it would take time for the economy to recover from the pain of the pandemic era.
"When the time comes to raise interest rates, we will certainly do that," he said. "And that time, by the way, is no time soon."
Currently, dire short-term conditions — surging virus deaths, high unemployment, and partial state and local economic lockdowns — contrast sharply with the longer-term outlook. Economists think that the economy might come roaring back later in 2021 as vaccines allow normal life to resume and consumers spend money they saved during the pandemic.
That split has led some investors to worry that the Fed might speed up its plans to reduce the pace of its enormous bond purchases, or even to lift interest rates from the near-zero setting that has been in place since March. The central bank has been buying about $120 billion in Treasury and mortgage-backed debt per month to keep markets operating smoothly and to help goose the economy.
"We'll let the world know" when it's time to discuss plans for slowing purchases, Mr. Powell said, and that will happen only when it's clear that they are well on their way toward their economic goals.
"We'll do so, by the way, well in advance of active consideration of beginning a gradual taper in asset purchases," he added.
Other top Fed officials, including Lael Brainard, who is a board governor, and Vice Chair Richard Clarida, had also struck a cautious tone when talking about the outlook for both economic growth and monetary policy in recent days. But their remarks had contrasted with more impatient ones from some of the Fed's 12 regional bank presidents, a fact that had caught investor attention. Mr. Powell's appearance put to rest any suggestion that the central bank is planning to hasten its return to a more normal policy setting.
Mr. Powell and his colleagues must thread a needle. In 2013, markets gyrated wildly as the Fed made its initial moves away from huge bond purchases, in what became popularly known as the "taper tantrum." Now, officials hope to offer investors plenty of information about what they are planning — to avoid spooking them — without signaling that a reduction in economic support is right around the corner.
"They're committed to ensuring that there is not another taper tantrum," said Subadra Rajappa, head of U.S. rates strategy at Société Générale. The goal in reinforcing low rates and a steady course for asset purchases, she added, is "to talk down the market."
Fed officials and private forecasters are projecting a strong pickup in economic activity once vaccines become widely available. They have also acknowledged that inflation is likely to move higher in 2021, because of short-term technical factors, and that a short-lived spike in price increase would not necessarily worry Fed policymakers.
Mary C. Daly, president of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, said in a Bloomberg television interview earlier on Thursday that temporary jumps in inflation would not necessarily signal that tepid price gains — the problem of the modern economic era — were a thing of the past.
"It's quite possible that we'll see some spikes above 2 percent. In fact, the math of inflation would suggest that we'll get some spikes in the middle of the year," she said. "That's not a victory on price stability."
Mr. Powell also acknowledged that inflation could increase temporarily, but said the bounce would be "very unlikely" to lead to persistently faster gains. If inflation does pick up substantially, the Fed knows how to use policy to counteract that.
"Too-low inflation is the much more difficult problem to solve," he said.
He reiterated that the Fed, which has made a habit of lifting interest rates to prevent overheating in the labor market, would no longer do that — instead allowing the job market to continue to tighten so long as excesses do not appear.
"We saw the social benefits that a strong labor market can and did bring," Mr. Powell said, referring to the last business cycle, in which unemployment dropped to 3.5 percent but wage and price increases remained tame. "One of the big lessons of the last crisis was how much room there was in labor force participation."
And he said he believed that the economy could return to its pre-crisis levels.
"I'm optimistic about the economy over the next couple of years, I really am," Mr. Powell said. "We've got to get through this very difficult period this winter, with the spread of Covid."
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Early days as a trainee – Colin McPherson
At the end of 1957 I applied for a position of Technician in Training as advertised in the Sydney Morning Herald. The application was acknowledged but it was not until mid February 1958 that I received a telegram to come for an interview on the next Friday. The interview was held and next I knew I was starting at the North Sydney Technical College the following Monday 17th February 1958.
After 6 weeks of formal lessons on basic electricity and electronics the time arrived to start the practical stage of training; working in the TV Studios. This was the time when one was thrown in the deep end to learn basic survival skills. The training was basically a rotational series of 6 weeks formal and 6 weeks practical. The latter in the various operational areas of the ABC namely studios, master control, telecine, telerecorder, telerecord processing, Outside Broadcasts (OB's), Links, Installation, Maintenance, Stores and Workshop.
Initially I started on boom with a spattering of cable dragging in productions. Studio 21 was the only major studio on line with Studio 22 still needing a technical fit-out. Within the six week periods we also had to assist in the studio installations and the inevitable modifications that followed.
Dress was always collar and tie; it seemed anomalous when one was getting dirty installing cables and equipment. Dust coats however were provided.
My 6 week practical sessions quickly evolved to Vision Mixing, first in Studio 21 and then Studio 22 and this continued for some time. Work placements were formally advised.
I thoroughly enjoyed this phase of training. I remember Kevin Shine; TV Producer encouraging me to switch on music beats rather than his cues. It was a time when we were all training each other and comments were readily taken on board as a means of improving our team results. One production had a studio background comprising a city building outline silhouetted against the lit cyclorama. I commented to John Hicks, TP (Technical Producer) that the city would look more alive if a few cutouts were made in the silhouetted background to simulate lit windows. Next time such a background was used sure enough lit windows appeared improving the presentation.
In between productions conversation inevitably went to discussing the technical aspects of the medium we were using. The benchmarks for promotion were the Broadcast Operators Certificate of Proficiency (BOCP) for Technician and the Television Operators Certificate of Proficiency (TVOCP) for Senior Technician. Self learning was the order of the day and everybody pitched in to extend the knowledge base. Twice a year exams were held with the official results from the Australian Broadcasting Control Board being published in the ABC Radio Active magazine.
It was opening day in Studio 22. Margaret Delves was producing Woman's World with Les Weldon as TP. I was vision mixing ready to go when Presentation called and said you're "on air". It was'nt the usual countdown to coming on air (perhaps there was a technical problem and they were cutting to the presentation announcer; Michael Charlton early to fill in). I looked at the monitor, Michael was ready so I faded up and pressed the talkback simultaneously to say "cue" him hoping the floor manager was listening. It was then a quick fade to black as a beautifully dressed young woman came and sat on his knee. At that instance Margaret walked in and quickly took control with Michael then appearing saying "I hope you were'nt watching then!"
As a colleague of mine once put it "Working in Studios was like working in Theatre". There were good days and not so good days but each day was a closed chapter and the next day a new start. What a great time!
I commented some time later that I was not being rotated through the operational areas like my colleagues; I always seemed to be vision mixing.
Next I knew I was in Telerecord processing. Working in a darkroom under red lights developing film of the telerecordings was a complete change (I felt like I was sent to Siberia). However I learnt a lot. Vic Le Pla and Vic Zeleeny were keen photographic experts. While black and white film was the order of the day, colour film for consumer use was only just emerging. Vic le Pla was experimenting with home processing of colour film sharing ideas with people like Carl Wilhelm and others.
The Houston Fearless Processors used to develop the telerecordings utilised a continuous feed system where the 400 foot reels were joined by stapling them together while the film was fed through the processor at a constant speed. One had to hold the tail of the reel being processed, quickly staple the next reel to it, hold ones breath and let go. Meanwhile the machine would take up slack in a weighted roller system so that the film being processed always kept constant speed. If one took too long in stapling then there would be a developing problem. Conversely, on the output, the film had to be cut to remove the staples, pushed into the centre of the film spooling core, wound on a couple of turns then released. Again weighted rollers took up the ever emerging processed film while this action took place. Any fumbles resulted in the film piling up on the floor and yes it happened to me once as part of my learning process.
I next ended up in Outside Broadcasts, Links Master Control and Telecine followed by stints back in the studio on sound and camera. Greg South as Sound Engineer was great letting us as trainees mix audio on major musical productions. Here was I alone in the control room while Greg was on the studio floor adjusting the mics when an audio reel of tape was thrust in my hand and I was asked to lace up the recorder quickly as it was needed urgently. I had never set up a recorder before and here I was trying to see how it worked. Somehow I succeeded and when Greg returned we were ready to go. On reflection I believe the tape came from radio as the sound track for the television production.
Radio staff were regarded as the experts in audio recording and often took precedence over television in providing audio sound tracks. It took some time to realise that the mediums were different and that the recordings of television programmes often sounded unbalanced as the audio level was adjusted to follow the vision. If one was taking a close up of an instrument in an orchestra a viewer would expect the sound to be emphasised during this time and being restored to normal level on the wide shot. Eventually television sound became accepted in it own right.
At the conclusion of our training we were given the options of chosing the areas where we would start as Technicians. Operationally I liked Sound Control but technically Master Control appealed as it also had programme switching as well a being the technical hub of operations. I enjoyed Master Control.
My training career left me with a motto; "There are no problems; only solutions". It served me well in my career with the ABC.
Colin McPherson was in the first group of Trainees in 1958. In 1967 he moved to Engineering Training then to Federal Office (Engineering) before taking up the position of Head Broadcast Technical Department (Radio) in 1986. He was the Broadcasting Installation Manager on the Ultimo Radio Project. In 1992 he was seconded by the ABC to the private sector as Production Manager for the manufacturing of the ABC's D-CART Systems. He retired from the ABC in 1998.


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Students chosen for National Merit program
Two high school seniors are semifinalists in National Merit Scholarship Program
Two Gaston County Schools students have been named 2022 National Merit Scholarship Program semifinalists, taking the first step in the highly-competitive program to earn the distinguished finalist honor and possibly win a National Merit Scholarship.
Gwen Campau of Stuart W. Cramer High School and Travis Rainwater of Highland School of Technology are among 16,000 students announced as national semifinalists from a pool of 1.5 million students. They will have an opportunity to compete for 7,600 National Merit Scholarships worth nearly $30 million that will be offered next spring. Students entered the 2022 National Merit Scholarship Program by taking the 2020 Preliminary SAT/National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test.
To move on to the next round of becoming a finalist, students are judged based on an application that highlights their academic record, leadership abilities, employment, participation in school and community activities, and honors and awards. Students must also write an essay and be recommended by a high school representative.
This year's finalists from Gaston County Schools are not just excelling in academics. Both are involved in extracurricular activities and find ways to give back to their community.
Campau is active in the National Honor Society and the Gaston College Math Club. Campau believes in getting ahead and is currently planning to complete her associate degree by the time she graduates from high school. She also is interning with a company that will help her achieve her degree.
"I'm working with a tech-based company in Texas that focuses on cyber security. We test products to ensure quality and fix minor code changes as needed," she said. "I plan to attend UNC-Charlotte to obtain a computer science degree so this is really helpful for the future."
Rainwater is an active member of the Technology Student Association, Beta Club, and Earth Club. He says his work with the Earth Club is important as it's a great way to raise awareness.
"In Earth Club, we have organized events to help clean up our campus and make it more environmentally friendly," he said. "We go around the grounds to collect recycling and dispose of litter. I also really love coming up with new initiatives to propose to the school to get our peers involved in the process."
In addition, he is proud of his ministry and mission work through his church. Rainwater volunteers with a program to help people with learning disabilities and is a clerk at Cherryville Area Ministries, a thrift store that provides food and support for the community.
Rainwater, who would like to pursue a career in mechanical engineering, balances all of these activities with a part-time job and learning more about manufacturing and engineering.
In the spring, Campau and Rainwater will find out if they have advanced to the finalist level. Of those finalists, about half will win a scholarship. Every finalist will compete for one of 2,500 National Merit Scholarships, some 1,000 corporate-sponsored scholarships, and 4,100 college-sponsored scholarships. The winners will be notified after April 1.


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Q: Pinescript TRADINGVIIEW - Why isn't this working? Trying to highlight if the most recent candle has a larger body than the previous 30 candles study("Candle CHoCH" , shorttitle="Big CHoCH", overlay = true)

BullColor=#E1BF16
BearColor=#E15C75

BodyRange()=>
    math.abs(close - open)

highestBodyRange = ta.highest(BodyRange(), 30)[1]

BigBear = (open-close) > highestBodyRange
plotshape(BigBear , style = shape.arrowup , location = location.belowbar , text = "Bear", color = BearColor)
barcolor(BigBear ? BearColor : na)

BigBull = (close-open) > highestBodyRange
plotshape(BigBull , style = shape.arrowup , location = location.abovebar , text = "Bull", color = BullColor)
barcolor(BigBull ? BullColor : na)

alertcondition(BigBull, "Long Alert",  "Go long")
alertcondition(BigBear, "Short Alert", "Go short ")

The Error is:
Could not find function or function reference math.abs
I just want it to color in the most recent candle if it has a larger body than the previous 30 candles. It's not working. Is it something to do with not being able to have your own functions, in this case BodyRange(), in a study? Or have I made an error in the code and if so what is the solution?

A: It looks like to combined a few things but forgot to reference the version number of pine to use  + used "study" rather "indicator". You can read more about it here.
Try the below.
//@version=5
indicator(title="Your Indicator", overlay=true)

BullColor=#E1BF16
BearColor=#E15C75

BodyRange()=>
    math.abs(close - open)

highestBodyRange = ta.highest(BodyRange(), 30)[1]

BigBear = (open-close) > highestBodyRange
plotshape(BigBear , style = shape.arrowup , location = location.belowbar , text = "Bear", color = BearColor)
barcolor(BigBear ? BearColor : na)

BigBull = (close-open) > highestBodyRange
plotshape(BigBull , style = shape.arrowup , location = location.abovebar , text = "Bull", color = BullColor)
barcolor(BigBull ? BullColor : na)

alertcondition(BigBull, "Long Alert",  "Go long")
alertcondition(BigBear, "Short Alert", "Go short ")