What do you think? Do you love how book trailers are starting to resemble movie trailers more? Or are you a little peeved that actors are getting cast for books before we're able to form our own mental images of the characters?
I have been following Book Trailers (in general) for a little bit now - I think they are a marvelous way to grab attention for books. Our society is becoming increasingly more and more visual.
Of course, there is quality control needed, too. Just like actual Movie Trailers, there is a fine line between creating a teaser and telling the entire story.
Quirk Books teasers are fabulous! I don't always run out and buy all the books they're advertizing, but they do provide some wonderful entertainment.
I definitely agree about the fine line between telling the entire story and showing enough to whet our appetites. And I'm personally a fan of book trailers that get to the point instead of dragging on for several minutes.
I'm sure the medium is making for a great launching pad for film directors.
Trailers are definitely getting better, but I still wonder how effective they are. It'd be interesting to poll teen readers and get their perspective on them.
Ooh...a poll for teen readers regarding book trailers would be interesting! I always wonder how much online marketing actually appeals to the target audience. I know the pre-teen in my house typically bases her book wishlist on friend recommendations, my recommendations, and browsing bookstores.


text:
package io.deepsense.deeplang.params

import spray.json.DefaultJsonProtocol._
import spray.json._

abstract class AbstractColumnSelectorParam[T: JsonFormat] extends ParamWithJsFormat[T] {

  /** Tells if this selectors selects single column or many. */
  protected val isSingle: Boolean

  /** Input port index of the data source. */
  protected val portIndex: Int

  override protected def extraJsFields: Map[String, JsValue] =
    super.extraJsFields ++ Map("isSingle" -> isSingle.toJson, "portIndex" -> portIndex.toJson)
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Every homeowner will have to deal with plumbing issues. This article offers sound advice for dealing with these problems when they occur. Noisy pipes that make squeaking or hammering sounds are an easy do-it-yourself project. You will need to anchor any exposed pipe. To prevent pipes from freezing, maintain a constant temperature in your home above freezing, even if the house is vacant. Your plumbing can freeze if temperatures around it is below freezing. It could take time to thaw out so that you can have running water. The other option is the pipes may burst, creating water damage and a big repair bill. Knowing which tools and how they are used will be a great help when you work on a plumbing job. Before undertaking repairs on your own, plan ahead, a mistake could make repairs even more costly. Never use your bare hands to try fixing your garbage disposal to fix a problem. More information about Home Plumbing Company Saratoga Tx.
Most of hot water is used in the shower. If you invest in purchasing and installing shower heads that are energy-efficient, you can save hundreds each year on your bills. Don't flush anything that is unlikely to dissolve and wind up clogging pipes, sanitary napkins, tissues, because these items don't break down and may cause clogging issues. Use enzyme based if you want to clean clogged pipes. These cleaners turn the sludge into a liquid using natural bacteria, and turn it into a liquid that is then flushed from your pipes. Enzyme based cleaners are not damage your metal pipes. Prevention is the key to keeping your plumbing bills down. Clogs are the top reasons for needing a major plumbing issues. Drains are easily get clogged by hair. It's a lot simpler to eliminate hair that is on a screen than to pull it from a pipe. Frozen pipes can do very expensive damage.
If you are looking for Plumbers Emergency Call Only Four Corners Tx, sports tickets and theater seats at the best prices click here.
Don't put oil, oil or grease down your drains.
With any luck, you got that from the tips above.


Free Standard Shipping is available in Portugal on orders over 100€ + VAT (123€).
We send our product by CTT or Chronopost by the option of your choice.
Please note, it is your responsibility should your request result in a failed or lost delivery. If you are unable to receive your delivery after an unsuccessful attempt, the order will be forwarded to a pickup shop (local to you) where it is held for 7 days. If it is failed to be collected, it will be returned to us at a cost which will then be deducted from any refunds. If you wish to have the order resent, shipping fees will apply.
All orders placed before 13:00 Monday to Friday will be packed and dispatched same day. We do not despatch and the couriers do not deliver on Saturday, Sunday or National Holidays.
We are required by law to charge VAT on all shipping rates.
Opening Times: Internet – 24 hours a day seven days a week 52 weeks a year Office and warehouse – Monday to Saturday 10:00 to 19:00. The office is Closed on Saturday, Sunday and National holidays, phones will not be answered and no dispatches made.
Please ensure that someone will be available at the delivery address specified to sign for the order during the day, as most orders have to be signed.
Customs, taxes and other fees.
International orders may be subject to Custom, Taxes and other fees. These charges are not the responsibility of KRISTINE LUX. The customer will be liable to pay in full. It is the customers responsibility to check the potential charges and organise payment for any Custom, Taxes and other fees incurred prior to receiving the goods.


The 4th and 5th graders of SHAS celebrated the first Thanksgiving with a meal of foods the Pilgrims and Native Americans shared in 1621. Students in all grades investigated Thanksgivng in some way this week, creating villages and costumes of and/or acting out or reading stories about the people of the first Thanksgiving. It was a great educational and fun three day week.
The SHAS Veterans Day Program on Tuesday morning, November 11th, was a huge success, thanks to students, staff and guest speaker Pete Berscheit. With guidance from staff, students honored our veterans in words, actions, and song. Sgt. First Class Berscheit from the Todd County Veterans Services shared some of his experiences serving in the US Army. He also shared a wonderful message to us about the values he learned from the Army, such as always doing the best you can do, making good choices, and helping others without expecting anything in return. His final thought he shared was that we need to appreciate what we have living in this great country, realizing we have one of, if not the best, way of living in the world. Thank you Pete for this great message to us all! Thank you Veterans !


The safest seed bank shipping to USA is found in Canada and they are world famous for having the strongest strains on Earth and also for developing the highest THC seeds using genetically modified cannabis seeds.
Safest seed bank shipping to USA. They also grow Organic non-GMO marijuana strains and have some famous strains like Forever Buds, a single cannabis plant that flowers giant buds all year round for a hundred years. It's the only plant you'll ever need to grow and you'll be safer growing only a single plant.
Best Seed Bank Shipping Globally is AMS. They have been in business just over twenty years now.


Choo in front of Cozart(206/233/338): 35/95(Runs/Times Reached Base) *9 of 35 runs are Home runs.
Over time, this problem could be fatal for the Reds.
Just a few to compare too.
I'm not worried about the 4-hole anymore. Phillips is 2nd in the NL with 36 rbi behind Tulowitzki with 37. Pretty impressive.
When Ludwick does come back, it could create a small controversy.
That's assuming Ludwick can hit after coming off a shoulder injury. Those shoulder injuries are bad, bad news.
I don't really think that the Reds need to pick one or the other. If they get a power guy, Phillips can move back to the 2nd spot in the order. If they get an on base guy, Phillips can handle cleanup adequately. He's not the ideal cleanup hitter, but he does usually put the ball in play and still has 20 HR power. There's no need for Jocketty to paint himself into a corner and go after one or the other. He should survey the field and see what's out there. If he can get a good deal on either one, he should pull the trigger. If not, the Reds will just need to go to war with what they have, which isn't half bad.
What makes the team better? Add a four hole hitter who pitchers fear more than Phillips and have Phillips bat two or get a two hole hitter and continue Phillips at 4? I think the first makes the team better. That'd be my first option. If that can't be filled within the budget or with trade pieces by all means mask the issue with a two hole hitter. As of right now fix it with an in house solution at least. I think asking Phillips to continue producing runs at his career best pace is a risk. RBI wise he is having a career year. It could normalize at any time. I know choo has a lot up do with it but he is playing above his career norms too.
If we can put someone at 2 that can actually get on base, even a bit of a reduction in production at 4 should lead to more runs at the top of the order. At the least we won't have Cozart always providing that 3rd out to end the inning. If there are 2 outs with Choo on base, I usually assume Cozart will be ending the inning, which is frustrating.
Xavier Paul has an OBP of .400 right now and an average of .270. He should bat 2nd against all righties.
But, but, but..........Dusty won't do the lefty, lefty, lefty thingie. That's Dusty's problem. He should do it anyway.
I really think the Reds should try and acquire Alex Rios from the CWS along with some $$$. His OBP is .366 to go with his .301 average and .920 OPS.
Another guy who might come cheap as a rental is David Dejesus, batting .294 with a .364 OBP. He also plays CF, and Choo could move to LF.
Both Dejesus and Rios are righthanded.
There is more to the game than just numbers. BP is doing an excellent job but the simple fact if the matter is that pitchers and opposing teams do not fear him enough to actually pitch to votto. Maybe they should, his numbers say they should, but off of the stat sheet and in the field of play they do not. Bring in a guy that has a greater opportunity to hit any mistake out if the park in the next pitch and you'll see teams more willing to pitch to votto which will make the entire team better. Plus it'll get Phillips in the 2 spot where he can drive in choo who has been an obp machine.
I was not saying Phillips performance was an issue. You have to look what would improve the team more as a whole. Sure there is a blackhole in the 2 spot. Get a guy who gets on and votto still gets the pitch around and BP drives them in. Get 4 hole hitter BP can produce both RBI and obp from the two spot, if its a guy who is more apt to hurt you with one swing than Phillips, then votto sees more pitches and does more damage, then there is another run producer behind him than can do damage as well. If that guy is a left fielder, then a better obp option at third could be had and increase production too. If the 4 hole guy is a third basemen, then it leaves all kinds of options that help the team. The team would overall be better. No questions asked. Look at the big picture not just individual numbers.
A cleanup hitter pitchers fear enough to pitch to Votto??
Yes I know. But maybe they fear more so than Phillips to make them more apt to pitch to votto. Not straight up thinking we can't walk votto bc of the next guy. It'd get Joey less unintentional intentional walks where he gets pitched around completely. Even if it isn't one of the top notch guys I think it'd get Joey more pitches he can hit rather than ones to take or dump into left. We don't need Miguel Cabrera. Just someone with more power than Phillips and more discipline than Frazier and experience. Hmmm. Sounds a lot like ludwick but unfortunately he's 37 and injured and may never be the same.
If the only thing the reds can do considering all constraints is to get a two hole hitter then by all means do that. I think the first option should be to look into 4 hole hitters that fit that bill. I think they'd have a greater overall impact on the lineup all things considered unless the reds are able to get one of the best two hole hitters in the game.
It's very simple and doesn't take a lot of analysis. The number 2 hitter will get more at bats over the course of the season than the number 7 or 8. Who do you want to see at the plate more, Cozart (Isturis) or Paul (Robinson, Lutz). When Ludwick gets back my guess is that his power will take a while longer to return, if at all. I wonder if Dusty would entertain putting him in the no. 2 hole. Of course, that's a long way down the road. IMO the lineup is much better off with Paul getting more abs than Cozart. He can just do so much more with the bat then Zack at this point in his career.
Agree. There is no such thing as protection when you're one of the most feared hitters in the league.
I don't know what to do about the 2 spot. I think it stinks, but I don't see any easy answers so their isn't much point in complaining about it. Paul is a replacement level hitter in the league and I don't see a ton of reasons to think he will excel in the 2 spot. He also sits half the time and I would hate to see #2 become a revolving door. Cozart will likely improve on his stats so far, but by how much? Hannigan is probably best left alone to keep doing what he's doing at 8. Frazier has been slumping and is more of an RBI guy. I don't know.
I just think everyone knows their is a problem. That is the easy part. Are their any real solutions? Not that don't require overhauling the roster a little bit. Is it worth doing that with Ludwick coming back? Probably not.
If ludwick wasn't 37 and suffering from an injury that may impair his swing and power I'd agree with you. People are going to pitch around votto regardless. If you had a hitter with more power than Phillips and more contact ability and discipline with Frazier, then they are less likely to pitch around him and you get a better fix in the two hole in Phillips than you could get in most trades. Frazier isn't slumping. He has a very poor approach at the plate and its being exploited. He's just not as good as a lot of people thought he was.
In the regular season, you proba ly have a good point. In the playoffs I'd like to have the best players possible in the best position to succeed as possible. I just don't see that with cozart at 2 and Phillips at 4.
Just because we're doing well doesn't mean there isn't room for improvement. Should we not bring guys back from the DL because we've been doing well without them? It's still obviously an issue. Putting someone else in the 2 spot could help us win even more games by increasing production at the top of the order. How often does Choo get on base only to be left there when Cozart strikes out?
C) How can Choo be left there with a Cozart Strike out with still more 2 outs to have to be gotten by the other team?
1) there's a difference between an assumption and an educated prediction. Put a guy with a higher obp there any they should make less outs and provide more runners for Phillips and votto to knock in making the lineup better.
2) Paul could be a fix though I don't like his defense in left full time. Robinson could provide speed and hasn't done half bad in his playing time. Mez has a good approach and above average speed for a catcher. Even a call up of Hamilton could be better than cozart. There are options.
3)I don't think they were referring to leading off the game but in later innings. Say hanigan get on with an out. Pitcher bunts him over 2 outs. Choo gets pitched around bc cozart is an easy out. Three outs.
With little true information there is no way to know if another person lower in the lineup would do better, and right now I don't see anyone down in the order who would be that much better. I also don't think this is a HUGE issue for the reds.
For the regular season you can probably get away with it because you play enough subpar teams and pitchers that the rest of the lineup can generally carry you. For the playoffs it's a major issue.
With Robinson and cozart batting 1st and 2nd tonite, u can make the argument that the worst two hitters in our lineup are batting in the top two positions, with the exception of leake. But I kind of like Robinson and have said I would like to see him get more time, I just think its funny how those guys r batting 1 and 2.


Duana is an art writer, researcher, and violinist. She read English at Christ's College, Cambridge, and was also an Instrumental Awards scholar (violin), a Cambridge Commonwealth scholar and recipient of the 2006 NAC-Shell arts scholarship. Duana enjoys liturgical music, mathematics, origami, and Shakespeare.


text:
Q: chrome auto retry when sending ajax put request I know that chrome has implemented auto retry feature for loading page. But we currently find that Chrome also auto retries to send out duplicated request when Ajax put request is failed. And it only happens in Chrome. But there is no any document to introduce this.
Any Help would be appreciated.
Thank you

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Duncan McKenzie (né le  à Grimsby dans le Lincolnshire), est un joueur de football anglais qui évoluait au poste d'attaquant.

Biographie

Duncan McKenzie joue en Angleterre, en Belgique et aux États-Unis.

Il dispute au cours de sa carrière 171 matchs en première division anglaise, inscrivant 54 buts. Il inscrit 16 buts en première division anglaise avec Leeds United lors de la saison 1975-1976, ce qui constitue sa meilleure performance dans ce championnat.

Il joue également un match en Coupe d'Europe des clubs champions, deux matchs en Coupe des coupes, et une rencontre en Supercoupe d'Europe.

Palmarès

Notes et références

Liens externes

Naissance à Grimsby (Royaume-Uni)
Naissance en juin 1950
Footballeur anglais
Joueur du Nottingham Forest FC
Joueur du Mansfield Town FC
Joueur du Leeds United FC
Joueur du Royal Sporting Club Anderlecht
Joueur de l'Everton FC
Joueur du Chelsea FC
Joueur du Blackburn Rovers FC

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Ancient Indian economy
Home » Ancient Indian economy
Ancient India trade: Indian herbal medicines
What did most people do for work?
Most people in ancient India were farmers. That's the same as in other parts of Asia and Europe at this time. In India, farmers mainly grew wheat and rice. They grew cotton for cloth. They grew opium for medicine too.
More about opium
History of wheat
Where did rice come from?
Indian cotton
All our India articles
What about Indian manufacturing?
On the coast, people produced salt in big evaporation flats. And in Sri Lanka they dove for pearls. Indian traders shipped teak wood to Iran to use in ship-building. Many men and women and children also worked in manufacturing. They were spinning, weaving, and printing cotton cloth, pouring steel into crucibles, boiling off sugar into lumps, and drawing out glass into tiny glass beads.
History of salt
Where did pearls come from?
Indian steel production
History of sugar
Indian economy and trade
India always made money from trade, because India is between China and West Asia and Europe. From the Harappan period on, Indian people were selling gold to West Asia, using their carefully made weights to weigh the gold out. Soon Indian traders were selling West Asian glass and wool to people in China, and Chinese things like silk and pottery to people in West Asia.
Indian weights and measures
More about the Silk Road
Medicine, cinnamon, and pepper
Traders in India also sold a lot of Indian things to both China and West Asia. Early on it was mainly medicine, but also spices like cinnamon and black pepper, clothing dyes like indigo (named for India) and luxuries like pearls. The trade made India a very rich country. But because the trade mainly went through northern India, the north part of India was usually richer than the south part.
Indian medicine
What is cinnamon?
More about black pepper
Beads from Arikamedu
Indian trading ships on the ocean
Sometime around 600 BC, Indian traders began to trade using ships on the ocean, which could carry more stuff more easily and safely than donkeys or camels could on land. This was good for South India, because some of the ships went to ports in the south, or sailed right around the south of India. About the same time, Indian rulers began to mint metal coins.
Indian ships and sailing
More about donkeys
Also about this time, pearl divers were collecting pearls to sell off the shores of Sri Lanka. By 200 BC, manufacturers had extended the pearl industry to include cheaper stone and glass beads on the south-east coast of India, at Arikamedu, and traded both pearls and beads as far as the Philippines to the east and as far as West Africa to the west.
Early African Economy
Steel furnace from Samanalawewa, Sri Lanka
India and the Silk Road
This successful shipping trade, and the Sogdian creation of the Silk Road route from Central Asia east to China and west to the Persian Empire, encouraged Indian manufacturers to develop new industries.
Han Dynasty China
The Roman Economy
By around 300 AD, India was making and selling high quality steel along the Silk Road; a hundred years later India was also making and selling paper. In the 600s AD there was a big steel factory with wind-driven bellows in Sri Lanka. About the same time, India began to make and sell tons of lump sugar to China, to the Sogdians, and to the Parthian Empire.
Direct sailing from Africa to India
African giraffe in India (Konarak Sun Temple, Odisha, ca. 1250 AD)
About 130 BC, the Ptolemies established direct sailing from Egypt and East Africa to India. By 800 AD, Indian manufacturers were also selling a lot of cotton cloth, silk, and glass beads to Arab traders and African traders, who sailed with the cloth to East Africa and sold it there, bringing back African ivory, gold, and slaves. Very soon, looking for other things to trade for, the traders also began to bring back coffee.
Medieval African economy
What is ivory?
Did you find out what you wanted to know about ancient India trade? Let us know in the comments!
Learn by doing: go to a bead store and make a bracelet or necklace.
More about the Indian economy
Bibliography and further reading about the ancient Indian economy:
Arab Seafaring: In the Indian Ocean in Ancient and Early Medieval Times, by George Hourani and John Carswell (2002). For adults, a time-tested account of trade between India and the Arabian Peninsula.
Eating India: An Odyssey into the Food and Culture of the Land of Spices , by Chitrita Banerji (2007). Not a cookbook, but a discussion of food in India, for grown-ups.
Eyewitness India, by Manini Chatterjee (2002). Written for kids.
Ancient India, by Virginia Schomp (2005). Written for teens. Very good for reports.
By Karen Carr|2019-02-21T10:11:58-07:00July 20th, 2017|Economy, India|23 Comments
Cite this page: Carr, K.E. Ancient Indian economy. Quatr.us Study Guides, July 20, 2017. Web. July 18, 2019.
Ships and sailing in ancient Africa – early boats
Early Native American Economy – farming and trade
Mining and miners in ancient West Asia
Inheritance in West Asia – Mesopotamia and Iran
Post-Mauryan art in India – 100 BC to 300 AD
Curtis Chen January 23, 2019 at 7:42 pm	- Reply
This is actually helpful, unlike other articles
Karen Carr January 23, 2019 at 8:36 pm
I'm delighted to hear it, Curtis! If you have a librarian or teacher who could link to us, we'd be very grateful for a link to this page, or to the site in general.
Savita May 30, 2018 at 1:38 am	- Reply
You have mentioned that traders began to bring back coffee to India around 800 AD. In India, the story is that a Sufi named Baba Budan first brought coffee beans here in the 15 -16th centuries AD and planted them in Coorg.
Could you please clarify?
Savita
Karen Carr May 30, 2018 at 10:11 am
That story is about the first people who tried to grow coffee in India – a very different thing from the first traders who brought coffee to India. The story is clear that people were already drinking coffee in India long before that.
fake person May 22, 2018 at 6:09 pm	- Reply
Neel May 12, 2018 at 7:18 am	- Reply
Thank you, Neel! I'm glad we could help.
Bob April 17, 2018 at 6:59 am	- Reply
Thanks this was helpful!
Karen Carr April 17, 2018 at 8:29 am
I'm glad we could help!
Bob February 8, 2018 at 2:38 pm	- Reply
This was useful Thank you!!
ANGEL S February 7, 2018 at 1:37 pm	- Reply
THE INFORMATION IS HELPFUL
Alex February 6, 2018 at 2:50 pm	- Reply
Where did you get the information from?
Karen Carr February 6, 2018 at 4:18 pm
You can find the same info in the books listed at the end of the article.
Thank you for the information
You're welcome, Alex! Thanks for stopping by.
Jewell Lilac December 11, 2017 at 6:21 pm	- Reply
in the second paragraph there is a grammer issue. it says China and West Asia and Europe. it should say china, west asia, and europe. thank you and have a good day
Karen Carr December 11, 2017 at 11:45 pm
Thank you for commenting, but that's not really a grammar error, just a stylistic choice. I wanted to make it clear that it's not a list of things, because India is between China (to the east) and West Asia and Europe (to the west). It's really between two things, not three.
beads black pepper camels China cinnamon coins donkeys Economy glass India indigo ivory Medicine paper pearls silk Silk Road Sogdians steel sugar

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Held every year in Couches at the beginning of July since 1986, this jazz festival has the ambition to make people discover jazz music, parents and children. Local creations of the year are presented during the festival.
Wednesday, July 3, 2013:Philro JAzz Project - Swing Gum, Yellow Tone Orchestra - Direction Andreas Steffens, OJJB - Direction Mace Francis.
Thursday, July 4, 2013: Timothée Quost Sextet, Manu Katché.
Friday, July 5, 2013 : Big-Band Chalon Bourgogne - Phil Collins Big-Band Originals, Orchestre Franck Tortiller - Janis the pearl.
Saturday, July 6, 2013: Le Jazz à du Gout, Kansas City 7.1, Voice Messengers.


text:
Magnetite Fe3-δO4: A stoichiometry and structure analysis of MBE grown thin films using NO2 as the oxidising source
F. C. Voogt, T. Hibma, P. J.M. Smulders, L. Niesen, T. Fujii, P. A.A. Van Der Heijden, R. J.M. Van De Veerdonk, P. J. Van Der Zaag
Epitaxial single crystalline films of iron oxides have been grown on MgO(100) substrates by means of MBE. Natural Fe or 57Fe was evaporated from alumina crucibles, and oxidised simultaneously with a dosed flux of NO2. The resulting oxide layers have been characterised in situ with RHEED, LEED, XPS, and AES. RHEED intensity oscillations, observed during deposition of the oxides, indicate a layer-by-layer growth for all substrate temperatures between 373 and 673 K. A stoichiometry analysis with CEMS, performed ex situ, shows that it is straightforward to prepare both the stable magnetite Fe3O4 and the metastable maghemite γ-Fe2O3 phases. Moreover, also all solid solutions in between these two extreme phases, i.e. Fe3-δO4 with 0<δ<1/3, could be formed. Ion beam channelling has been used to examine the epitaxy of the films. It was found that the films grow coherent on MgO(100).
C1-601-C1-602
Journal De Physique. IV : JP
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Magnetite Fe3-δO4: A stoichiometry and structure analysis of MBE grown thin films using NO2 as the oxidising source'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Molecular beam epitaxy Chemical Compounds
Ferrosoferric Oxide Chemical Compounds
Magnetite Engineering & Materials Science
Reflection high energy electron diffraction Chemical Compounds
Stoichiometry Chemical Compounds
magnetite Physics & Astronomy
stoichiometry Physics & Astronomy
Thin films Chemical Compounds
Voogt, F. C., Hibma, T., Smulders, P. J. M., Niesen, L., Fujii, T., Van Der Heijden, P. A. A., Van De Veerdonk, R. J. M., & Van Der Zaag, P. J. (1997). Magnetite Fe3-δO4: A stoichiometry and structure analysis of MBE grown thin films using NO2 as the oxidising source. Journal De Physique. IV : JP, 7(1), C1-601-C1-602.
Magnetite Fe3-δO4 : A stoichiometry and structure analysis of MBE grown thin films using NO2 as the oxidising source. / Voogt, F. C.; Hibma, T.; Smulders, P. J.M.; Niesen, L.; Fujii, T.; Van Der Heijden, P. A.A.; Van De Veerdonk, R. J.M.; Van Der Zaag, P. J.
In: Journal De Physique. IV : JP, Vol. 7, No. 1, 01.03.1997, p. C1-601-C1-602.
Voogt, FC, Hibma, T, Smulders, PJM, Niesen, L, Fujii, T, Van Der Heijden, PAA, Van De Veerdonk, RJM & Van Der Zaag, PJ 1997, 'Magnetite Fe3-δO4: A stoichiometry and structure analysis of MBE grown thin films using NO2 as the oxidising source', Journal De Physique. IV : JP, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. C1-601-C1-602.
Voogt FC, Hibma T, Smulders PJM, Niesen L, Fujii T, Van Der Heijden PAA et al. Magnetite Fe3-δO4: A stoichiometry and structure analysis of MBE grown thin films using NO2 as the oxidising source. Journal De Physique. IV : JP. 1997 Mar 1;7(1):C1-601-C1-602.
Voogt, F. C. ; Hibma, T. ; Smulders, P. J.M. ; Niesen, L. ; Fujii, T. ; Van Der Heijden, P. A.A. ; Van De Veerdonk, R. J.M. ; Van Der Zaag, P. J. / Magnetite Fe3-δO4 : A stoichiometry and structure analysis of MBE grown thin films using NO2 as the oxidising source. In: Journal De Physique. IV : JP. 1997 ; Vol. 7, No. 1. pp. C1-601-C1-602.
@article{179f441adea84825b2fb3bcad9bfe326,
title = "Magnetite Fe3-δO4: A stoichiometry and structure analysis of MBE grown thin films using NO2 as the oxidising source",
abstract = "Epitaxial single crystalline films of iron oxides have been grown on MgO(100) substrates by means of MBE. Natural Fe or 57Fe was evaporated from alumina crucibles, and oxidised simultaneously with a dosed flux of NO2. The resulting oxide layers have been characterised in situ with RHEED, LEED, XPS, and AES. RHEED intensity oscillations, observed during deposition of the oxides, indicate a layer-by-layer growth for all substrate temperatures between 373 and 673 K. A stoichiometry analysis with CEMS, performed ex situ, shows that it is straightforward to prepare both the stable magnetite Fe3O4 and the metastable maghemite γ-Fe2O3 phases. Moreover, also all solid solutions in between these two extreme phases, i.e. Fe3-δO4 with 0<δ<1/3, could be formed. Ion beam channelling has been used to examine the epitaxy of the films. It was found that the films grow coherent on MgO(100).",
author = "Voogt, {F. C.} and T. Hibma and Smulders, {P. J.M.} and L. Niesen and T. Fujii and {Van Der Heijden}, {P. A.A.} and {Van De Veerdonk}, {R. J.M.} and {Van Der Zaag}, {P. J.}",
pages = "C1--601--C1--602",
journal = "European Physical Journal: Special Topics",
T1 - Magnetite Fe3-δO4
T2 - A stoichiometry and structure analysis of MBE grown thin films using NO2 as the oxidising source
AU - Voogt, F. C.
AU - Hibma, T.
AU - Smulders, P. J.M.
AU - Niesen, L.
AU - Fujii, T.
AU - Van Der Heijden, P. A.A.
AU - Van De Veerdonk, R. J.M.
AU - Van Der Zaag, P. J.
N2 - Epitaxial single crystalline films of iron oxides have been grown on MgO(100) substrates by means of MBE. Natural Fe or 57Fe was evaporated from alumina crucibles, and oxidised simultaneously with a dosed flux of NO2. The resulting oxide layers have been characterised in situ with RHEED, LEED, XPS, and AES. RHEED intensity oscillations, observed during deposition of the oxides, indicate a layer-by-layer growth for all substrate temperatures between 373 and 673 K. A stoichiometry analysis with CEMS, performed ex situ, shows that it is straightforward to prepare both the stable magnetite Fe3O4 and the metastable maghemite γ-Fe2O3 phases. Moreover, also all solid solutions in between these two extreme phases, i.e. Fe3-δO4 with 0<δ<1/3, could be formed. Ion beam channelling has been used to examine the epitaxy of the films. It was found that the films grow coherent on MgO(100).
AB - Epitaxial single crystalline films of iron oxides have been grown on MgO(100) substrates by means of MBE. Natural Fe or 57Fe was evaporated from alumina crucibles, and oxidised simultaneously with a dosed flux of NO2. The resulting oxide layers have been characterised in situ with RHEED, LEED, XPS, and AES. RHEED intensity oscillations, observed during deposition of the oxides, indicate a layer-by-layer growth for all substrate temperatures between 373 and 673 K. A stoichiometry analysis with CEMS, performed ex situ, shows that it is straightforward to prepare both the stable magnetite Fe3O4 and the metastable maghemite γ-Fe2O3 phases. Moreover, also all solid solutions in between these two extreme phases, i.e. Fe3-δO4 with 0<δ<1/3, could be formed. Ion beam channelling has been used to examine the epitaxy of the films. It was found that the films grow coherent on MgO(100).
SP - C1-601-C1-602
JO - European Physical Journal: Special Topics
JF - European Physical Journal: Special Topics


GOODALE JAMES CAMPBELL, lawyer, educator, television producer, media columnist; b. Cambridge, Mass., July 27, 1933; s. Robert Leonard and Eunice (Campbell) G.; m. Toni Krissel, May 3, 1964; children: Timothy Fuller, Ashley Krissel; foster child: Joseph Clayton Akiwenzie. Grad., Pomfret Sch., 1951; BA, Yale U., 1955; JD, U. Chgo., 1958. Bar: N.Y. 1960. Assoc. Lord, Day & Lord, N.Y.C., 1959-63; gen. atty. N.Y. Times Co., 1963-67, v.p and gen. counsel, 1967-72, sr. v.p. and gen. counsel, 1972-73, exec. v.p., 1973-79, vice-chmn., 1979-80; ptnr. Debevoise & Plimpton, 1980-93, founder, head media-comm. and intellectual property sect., 1980-96, mem. exec. com., 1981-84, of counsel, 1994-96; prodr., host Digital Age (formerly The Telecom. & Info. Revolution), Channel 25 WNYE/ NYC TV., 1995-. With Cmty. Law Office, East Harlem, 1968-70; vis. lectr. Yale U. Law Sch., 1977-80; adj. prof. NYU Sch. Law, 1983-86, Fordham Law Sch., 1986-; mem. N.Y. State Privacy & Security Com., 1976-79; 2d cir. Commn. Reduction of Burdens and Costs in Civil Litig., 1977-80; vice chmn., N.Y. State Jud. Commn. on Minorities, 1987-90, chmn., 1990-91, bd. dirs. Com. to Protect Journalists, 1989-, chmn., 1989-94; pres., owner Midtown Skating Corp., 1981-90; chmn. bd. Cable TV Law and Fin., 1981-93; trustee N.Y.C. Citizens Budget Commn., 1990-98; advisor U.S. Supreme Ct. Jud. Conf. Com. on Judiciary, 1980-89; chmn., founder and Chair PLI Comm. Law Seminar, 1972- 2007, Chair Emeritus 2008 -; sec. N.Y. Observer, 1988-92, Paris Rev. Found., 2001-. Author: All About Cable, 1987; compiler, editor: The New York Times Company vs. U.S., 1971; bd. editors: Media Law Reporter (co-founder), Nat. Law Jour., 1983-90; columnist Nat. and N.Y. law jours.; contbr. articles on comms. law to profl. jours. Mem. Rules Com. Dem. Nat. Conv., 1988; chmn. N.Y. lawyer com. for Dukakis, 1988; former bd. dirs. N.Y. Times, N.Y. Times Neediest Cases Fund, N.Y. Times Found.; former trustee Pomfret Sch., Gunnery Sch., St. Bernard's Sch., Boys' Club N.Y., Salzburg Seminar, Fed. Bar Coun.; mem. vis. com. U. Chgo. Law Sch., 1977-80; bd. dirs. Human Rights Watch, 1994-96, Sky Rink Scholarship Fund, Inc., 1990-99, Citizens Pub. Utilities, 1996-99, Ice Theatre of N.Y., Internat. Ctr. Journalists, Paris Rev. Found. With AUS, 1958-59, Res., 1959-64. Named one of 200 Rising Leaders in U.S., Time mag., 1974, with 100 Most Influential Lawyers in U.S., Nat. Law Jour., 1991-97, one of Best Lawyers in Am., 1991-99; William Brinckerhoff Jackson scholar, 1954-55, Nat. Honor scholar U. Chgo. Law Sch., 1955-58. Fellow Inst. Jud. Adminstrn., N.Y. State Bar Assn. (chmn. spl. com. on pub. access to info. and proc. 1979-84, spl. com. on media law 1985-92); mem. N.Y.C. Bar Assn. (chmn. comm. law com. 1978-83, corp. law com. 1977-81), ABA (governing bd. comm. law forum, commn. on pub. understanding about law 1979-82), Fed. Bar Coun. (trustee 1980-84), Columbia U. Seminars on Media & Society, Yale Club (gov. 1964-67), Century Assn. Club, Economic Club, St. Elmo Club, Elihu Club (gov. 1966-70), Washington Conn. Club (gov. 1972-78). Office: Debevoise & Plimpton LLP, 919 3rd Ave Fl 30 New York NY 10021-6225 Office Phone: 212-909-6253.


Currently, .MXF files are not supported natively in APPLE FINAL CUT PRO 7.
Datavideo's HDR-60 and HDR-70 recorders are hard drive based video recorders with removable hard drive enclosure, designed for studio desktop applications. Once you have completed your recording, simply eject the hard drive enclosure and use USB 2.0 to connect to a PC based NLE system. The USB port provides power to the unit. It's perfect for use with laptops in the field.
The HDR-60/70 recorders record in .MOV or .MXF files.
- It is not recommended to use .MXF for FCP 7. You will need a third party conversion software to use this format. It is recommended that you upgrade to the latest version of Quicktime.
4. Your Go to File select import then select Files In the browser navigate to your .MOV files.
6. Your files will appear in the browser tab. You can drag your .MOV file into the timeline. You can also just drag it straight from an open folder and bypass the import process.
7. You have 2 options Change sequence settings or Keep existing settings Changing your sequence settings will change them to the native properties of the .MOV file, XDCAM HD420.
files are not supported natively in APPLE FINAL CUT PRO 7.


text:
ChemistryQ&A Library
How do the IR spectra of the isomers cyclopentane and pent-1-ene differ?
Related Chemistry Q&A
Q: 5.3 What is the net ionic equation for the reaction of aqueous lead (II) nitrate with aqueous sodium...
A: Reaction of aqueous lead (II) nitrate with aqueous sodium bromide:When the two salts are mixed toget...
Q: How many rings and π bonds does a compound with molecular formula C10H14 possess? List all possibili...
A: Hydrogen deficiency index(HDI) refers to the degrees of unsaturation in a compound. HDI can be calcu...
Q: Classify each solvent as protic or aprotic.a. (CH3)2CHOHb. CH3NO2c. CH2Cl2d. NH3e. N(CH3)3f. HCONH2
A: Protic solvents are solvents which contains protons bonded with high electronegative oxygen and nitr...
Q: What is electrode potential?
A: Electrode potential is to be defined.
Q: Yes or no. Will a precipitate from when solutions of Ba(NO3)2 and KOH are mixed?
A: Given,KOH and Ba(NO3)2
Q: draw the structure of malonic acid?
A: All the oxygen atoms having partial negative charge and all atoms attached to oxygen having partial ...
Q: 5.6 A white solid is either NaI or NaNO3. If an aqueous solution of the solid is prepared, the addit...
A: According to solubility rules, nitrates are soluble in water. But iodide ion can form precipitate.
Q: what are the consequences of d-d transition ?
A: The long form of the periodic table is a tabular arrangement of all known elements. Here the element...
Q: Draw the structure of (2Z, 6E)-3-ethyl-7-methyldeca-2, 6-dien-1-ol, the sex pheromone of the codling...
A: If the two high priority groups are on the same side of the double bond, then it is known as Z isome...


text:
KDnuggets Home » News » 2019 » May » Opinions » Ethical AI: EU's New Guidelines and the Future of AI Trustworthiness
Ethical AI: EU's New Guidelines and the Future of AI Trustworthiness
Tags: AI, Ethics, Europe, Trust
The EU has issued a set of guidelines, "Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI" to help tech companies steer towards ethical and inclusive AI as we come to terms with the potential of this technology.
By Nathan Sykes
Artificial intelligence is a part of our daily lives now, and it represents an unprecedented combination of potential and possible harm. You're almost certainly familiar with the sci-fi-tinged worst-case scenarios concerning malevolent AIs overtaking and replacing us. However, the "black box" of AI development and behavior represents somewhat more mundane, though no less worrying, problems as well. Whether the rollout of AI around the globe spells liberation or disaster is a question we can begin answering by introducing formal standards for how this technology is designed and deployed.
To that end, the European Union has issued a set of guidelines, called the "Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI." The goal is to help EU member nations and their tech companies steer a course toward ethical and inclusive AI as we come to terms with the potential and pitfalls of this technology. Here's a look at what these guidelines mean for the future of AI development.
What Do the EU's AI Guidelines Entail?
The EU is not the first governing body in the world to lay out recommendations for the ethical development of artificial intelligence, although its efforts may be some of the most specific to date. During the presidency of Barack Obama, the National Science and Technology Council — with participation from dozens of relevant government agencies — provided its own set of broad guidelines called "Preparing for the Future of Artificial Intelligence."
The European Union's efforts appear to be somewhat more actionable, since they contain a checklist — a "practical assessment list" — for companies engaged in the development of artificial intelligence. How were they created, and what do they say?
For a start, the EU collaborated with 52 experts on the subject of AI and drew on feedback from 500 members of the public who submitted comments. It's important to note that these guidelines are, presently, not legally binding. However, they do cover an impressive amount of ground in several major categories:
Transparency: Any time an AI system makes decisions on a user's behalf, that person should be aware of it. The reasoning behind decisions should be easily explainable.
Safety: AI systems should be designed to withstand attempted hijacking and other attacks performed by hackers.
Fairness: Decisions made by AI systems should not be influenced by gender, race or other personal identifiers. They should be as impartial as possible and not reflect human biases.
Environmental stewardship: Not all the stakeholders in AI development are human. The development of these platforms and the implications of their decision-making and sustainability should take into account the needs of the larger environment and other forms of life.
If the ultimate purpose of creating artificial intelligence is to improve human life on earth, these tenets seem like a solid foundation on which to build it. The EU goes further by providing specific and actionable guidelines for current and future architects of AI systems.
How Specific Do the EU AI Guidelines Get?
It's worth noting that the EU's "Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI" has not yet reached its final form. The institution refers to the guidelines as a living document. As such, they have issued an open invitation to technology companies and public advocacy groups to render their own input and help shape future drafts. The EU appears cognizant of the fact that, like AI itself, our rules for governing its development and use should be equally flexible and open to change as we learn more.
The checklist for trustworthy AI, in its current form, is a plain-English set of questions that any chief technology officer, CEO or member of the public should be able to understand. Here's a small handful of them, lightly paraphrased for brevity:
Does the AI system have a kill switch to immediately cease its operations and delegate control to a human operator?
Was a comprehensive risk assessment performed to safeguard against vulnerabilities and cyberattacks?
What are the ramifications, and types of harm, that may occur if the system makes an inaccurate prediction?
Will human operators receive notice if the system begins making a potentially dangerous number of inaccurate predictions?
Did the system's designers incorporate a way to prevent human biases — on the basis of race, creed, etc. — from entering the decision-making algorithms?
How easily usable is this system for individuals with developmental or physical disabilities or other special needs?
It's not difficult to imagine some of the specific cases the EU's slate of experts had in mind as they drew up these guidelines. Given the number of potential applications of AI in human life, there's an emerging sense of urgency when it comes to formulating common-sense guidelines — followed closely by enforceable laws — for how technology companies engage in the design of AI systems.
We Need Sensible AI Guidelines With the Weight of Law Behind Them
Tesla promises fully autonomous functionality in its cars by the end of 2019. Elon Musk is on record saying his car company will accept liability in the event of an accident, provided the software made a mistake or a leap in logic. This means our AI-powered driverless cars must collect a variety of data as they operate, and at all times while the vehicle is in motion.
In parts of the U.S., artificial intelligence is being actively explored as a means to predict the likelihood of offenders committing crimes again in the future. Closer studies of the accuracy of these systems revealed they awarded higher "crime likelihood scores" to blacks than to whites.
China's social credit system relies on artificially intelligent algorithms to judge citizens' creditworthiness and grant or restrict privileges and rights based on their public behavior.
Artificial intelligence even has the potential to supplant the research of human geneticists and chemists on the hunt for life-saving medications and to help pharmaceutical companies bring drugs to market faster. The focus of such efforts must be the greatest good rather than the greatest profitability.
The EU signals its belief that the public has a right to an accounting of the type and variety of data these systems gather from the world around them, the potential for human biases to infiltrate their governing algorithms, the explainability of the logic informing an AI system's decision-making process and much more. Other groups throughout the world are lending their own voices to this timely conversation. It's a good sign for things to come, but governing bodies need to follow through by turning guidelines into laws to keep our innovators honest and protect the public from potential harm.
Bio: Nathan Sykes is a business and technology freelancer and blogger from Pittsburgh, PA. To read his latest articles, check out his blog, Finding an Outlet.
What Does GDPR Mean for Machine Learning?
Designing Ethical Algorithms
Overcoming distrust on the path to productive analytics
KDnuggets™ News 19:n19, May 15: Data Scientist - Best Job of…
Future Says Series | Discover the Future of AI
The Case for a Global Responsible AI Framework
Why the 'why way' is the right way to restoring trust in AI
Put Responsible AI into Practice—attend the digital event on…
Why write for KDnuggets? Calling for original blogs and new authors
Bayer: Principal Clinical Data Manager [Whippany, NJ]
Free From Stanford: Ethical and Social Issues in Natural Language…
Beyond Explainability: A Practical Guide to Managing Risks in…
Stop Blaming Humans for Bias in AI
Towards a Responsible and Ethical AI
DSGO19 Announces Speakers and Training Sessions
Published on May 10, 2019 by


Sutro bath free parking is a reason good enough to check out the destination in a city where daily parking runs in the $50s.
Apparently public baths wasn't always so foreign of a concept to Americans. Public Sutro bath house probably was the most extravagant and affordable baths America has ever seen.
If you'd like to read a 5 minute article about the history and faith of the baths, check out Fog City Secrets site – this page has probably the best summary.
We first discovered the place during out mini expedition to the Land's End. You can and should easily combine visit to the bath with a hike at the Land's End park or the Sutro Heights.
We love this place for many reason – amazing sunsets, mild climate, cinematic views and of course FREE parking, yes this is highly unusual for San Francisco!
FREE Parking near sutro baths alone should entice to come and check out this dope place.


Brain surgery, or neurosurgery, refers to medical procedures performed on the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and the extra-cranial cerebrovascular system. These surgical procedures are typically performed by a neurosurgeon.
When should I or my loved one see a specialist for brain surgery?
Neurosurgeons diagnose and treat a wide array of diseases and conditions that affect the nervous system – including the brain. If your primary doctor believes it necessary for you or your loved one to consult a neurosurgeon, you will be referred to one.
● Traumatic head injury (such as a skull fracture).
● Hydrocephalus (excessive buildup of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain).
● Bleeding on the brain.
● Blood clots on the brain.
● Severe nerve or face pain.
● Infections in the brain.
What are the risks of brain surgery?
There are a number of risks associated with brain surgery. The general risks linked to the use of anesthesia include an adverse reaction to the medication, breathing problems, bleeding, blood clots, and infection.
● Problems with speech, memory, balance, coordination, and vision.
● Infection in the brain or skull.
How should I prepare for my consultation with a specialist?
During your first consultation, your specialist neurosurgeon will review your medical history, current medications, test results, and symptoms. Be sure to prepare all relevant information in advance and be ready to discuss all aspects, in detail. In addition, you may be required to complete further testing, before your neurosurgeon confirms a diagnosis.
Take the opportunity to speak to your specialist about any questions or concerns you may have regarding your condition.
What can I expect during brain surgery?
The details of your surgical procedure will depend largely on your particular case and condition. However, in most cases, you will be required to fast for 8-12 hours before surgery. Before your surgical procedure, your anesthesiologist will explain the anaesthesia for your particular surgery and how it will affect you.
You will have an intravenous (IV) drip inserted to supply water and nutrients during the operation, and also for you to receive the anaesthesia. You will also have a catheter inserted into your bladder to collect your urine, and a tube inserted down your throat to help you breathe.
In the operating room, you will be positioned with your head in a neck brace to prevent any movement. Your head will be cleaned with antimicrobial soap, and a small area of hair will be shaved before the surgical procedure begins.
What happens after my brain surgery?
After your surgery, you will need to rest. You will be closely monitored by your surgical team as your brain recovers. You will need to stay in hospital while in recovery and may have some swelling of the brain. This swelling can cause symptoms such as dizziness, weakness, poor balance, lack of coordination, personality changes, seizures, speech problems, and confusion.
As the swelling goes down, these symptoms should lessen and disappear. Be prepared that your recovery will take time, and each individual case is different. You will receive detailed instructions from your neurosurgeon before you are discharged on how to manage your recovery.
Request an appointment with a neurosurgeon today.
 Karlsson B, Guo WY, Kejia T, Dinesh N, Pan DH, Jokura H, Kawagishi J, van Eck AT, Horstmann GA, Yeo TT, Yamamoto M. Gamma Knife surgery for central neurocytomas. J Neurosurg. 2012 Dec;117 Suppl:96-101. doi: 10.3171/2012.6.GKS12214.


This case looks at the adoption by the city of Coventry, UK, of a 1998 law meant to enhance collaboration among public agencies to reduce crime rates. Coventry created a Crime and Disorder Reduction Partnership and hired staff to coordinate activities among the police, local government, public housing, nonprofits, and the business community (plus later, fire and the national health service). The law gave communities little guidance on what anti-crime activities to pursue, or how to coordinate them, yet it proposed to hold partnerships responsible for crime rates. This case traces Coventry''s efforts to find mechanisms for implementation, as well as the spillover effects of the law onto other areas of potential cooperation among government bodies.
Students will gain an understanding of the challenges at the local level of implementing well-intentioned, but poorly specified, national legal mandates. They will see how an individual leader can make a difference in setting common goals and holding agencies accountability. They will also learn about some innovative collaborative approaches to crime prevention. This case can be used in courses about public management, about leadership, or about policing.