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115 books about Motion picture industry and 6 start with A
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The Aesthetics of Shadow: Lighting and Japanese Cinema
Daisuke Miyao
Duke University Press, 2013
Library of Congress PN1993.5.J3M56 2013 | Dewey Decimal 777.092
In this revealing study, Daisuke Miyao explores "the aesthetics of shadow" in Japanese cinema in the first half of the twentieth century. This term, coined by the production designer Yoshino Nobutaka, refers to the perception that shadows add depth and mystery. Miyao analyzes how this notion became naturalized as the representation of beauty in Japanese films, situating Japanese cinema within transnational film history. He examines the significant roles lighting played in distinguishing the styles of Japanese film from American and European film and the ways that lighting facilitated the formulation of a coherent new Japanese cultural tradition. Miyao discusses the influences of Hollywood and German cinema alongside Japanese Kabuki theater lighting traditions and the emergence of neon commercial lighting during this period. He argues that lighting technology in cinema had been structured by the conflicts of modernity in Japan, including capitalist transitions in the film industry, the articulation of Japanese cultural and national identity, and increased subjectivity for individuals. By focusing on the understudied element of film lighting and treating cinematographers and lighting designers as essential collaborators in moviemaking, Miyao offers a rereading of Japanese film history.
African Filmmaking: Five Formations
Kenneth W. Harrow
Michigan State University Press, 2017
Library of Congress PN1993.5.A35A366 2017 | Dewey Decimal 791.43096
This volume attempts to join the disparate worlds of Egyptian, Maghrebian, South African, Francophone, and Anglophone African cinema—that is, five "formations" of African cinema. These five areas are of particular significance—each in its own way. The history of South Africa, heavily marked by apartheid and its struggles, differs considerably from that of Egypt, which early on developed its own "Hollywood on the Nile." The history of French colonialism impacted the three countries of the Maghreb—Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco—differently than those in sub-Saharan Africa, where Senegal and Sembène had their own great effect on the Sahelian region. Anglophone Africa, particularly the films of Ghana and Nigeria, has dramatically altered the ways people have perceived African cinema for decades. History, geography, production, distribution, and exhibition are considered alongside film studies concerns about ideology and genre. This volume provides essential information for all those interested in the vital worlds of cinema in Africa since the time of the Lumière brothers.
American Blockbuster: Movies, Technology, and Wonder
Charles R. Acland
Library of Congress PN1995.9.B598A25 2020
Ben-Hur (1959), Jaws (1975), Avatar (2009), Wonder Woman (2017): the blockbuster movie has held a dominant position in American popular culture for decades. In American Blockbuster Charles R. Acland charts the origins, impact, and dynamics of this most visible, entertaining, and disparaged cultural form. Acland narrates how blockbusters emerged from Hollywood's turn to a hit-driven focus during the industry's business crisis in the 1950s. Movies became bigger, louder, and more spectacular. They also became prototypes for ideas and commodities associated with the future of technology and culture, accelerating the prominence of technological innovation in modern American life. Acland shows that blockbusters continue to be more than just movies; they are industrial strategies and complex cultural machines designed to normalize the ideologies of our technological age.
The American Film Industry
Edited by Tino T. Balio
University of Wisconsin Press, 1985
Library of Congress PN1993.5.U6A87 1985 | Dewey Decimal 384.80973
Upon its original publication in 1976, The American Film Industry was welcomed by film students, scholars, and fans as the first systematic and unified history of the American movie industry. Now this indispensible anthology has been expanded and revised to include a fresh introductory overview by editor Tino Balio and ten new chapters that explore such topics as the growth of exhibition as big business, the mode of production for feature films, the star as market strategy, and the changing economics and structure of contemporary entertainment companies. The result is a unique collection of essays, more comprehensive and current than ever, that reveals how the American movie industry really worked in a century of constant change-from kinetoscopes and the coming of sound to the star system, 1950s blacklisting, and today's corporate empires.
An Amorous History of the Silver Screen: Shanghai Cinema, 1896-1937
Zhang Zhen
University of Chicago Press, 2005
Library of Congress PN1993.5.C4Z55 2005 | Dewey Decimal 791.430951132
Shanghai in the early twentieth century was alive with art and culture. With the proliferation of popular genres such as the martial arts film, the contest among various modernist filmmakers, and the advent of sound, Chinese cinema was transforming urban life. But with the Japanese invasion in 1937, all of this came to a screeching halt. Until recently, the political establishment has discouraged comprehensive studies of the cultural phenomenon of early Chinese film, and this momentous chapter in China's history has remained largely unexamined.
The first sustained historical study of the emergence of cinema in China, An Amorous History of the Silver Screen is a fascinating narrative that illustrates the immense cultural significance of film and its power as a vehicle for social change. Named after a major feature film on the making of Chinese cinema, only part of which survives, An Amorous History of the Silver Screen reveals the intricacies of this cultural movement and explores its connections to other art forms such as photography, architecture, drama, and literature. In light of original archival research, Zhang Zhen examines previously unstudied films and expands the important discussion of how they modeled modern social structures and gender roles in early twentieth-century China.
The first volume in the new and groundbreaking series Cinema and Modernity, An Amorous History of the Silver Screen is an innovative—and well illustrated—look at the cultural history of Chinese modernity through the lens of this seminal moment in Shanghai cinema.
Anthropology, Film Industries, Modularity
Ramyar D. Rossoukh and Steven C. Caton, editors
Library of Congress PN1995.A584 2021
From Bangladesh and Hong Kong to Iran and South Africa, film industries around the world are rapidly growing at a time when new digital technologies are fundamentally changing how films are made and viewed. Larger film industries like Bollywood and Nollywood aim to attain Hollywood's audience and profitability, while smaller, less commercial, and often state-funded enterprises support various cultural and political projects. The contributors to Anthropology, Film Industries, Modularity take an ethnographic and comparative approach to capturing the diversity and growth of global film industries. They outline how modularity—the specialized filmmaking tasks that collectively produce a film—operates as a key feature in every film industry, independent of local context. Whether they are examining the process of dubbing Hollywood films into Hindi, virtual reality filmmaking in South Africa, or on-location shooting in Yemen, the contributors' anthropological methodology brings into relief the universal practices and the local contingencies and deeper cultural realities of film production.
Contributors. Steven C. Caton, Jessica Dickson, Kevin Dwyer, Tejaswini Ganti, Lotte Hoek, Amrita Ibrahim, Sylvia J. Martin, Ramyar D. Rossoukh
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115 books about Motion picture industry and 6 115 books about Motion picture industry
6 start with A start with A
The Aesthetics of Shadow
Lighting and Japanese Cinema
African Filmmaking
Five Formations
American Blockbuster
Movies, Technology, and Wonder
An Amorous History of the Silver Screen
Shanghai Cinema, 1896-1937


And a Corribee in bits in the garage.
This isn't you getting your apologies in early, I hope?
Certainly not. I was just trying to boost my posting rate.
Charlie Farlie wrote: And a Corribee in bits in the garage.
Hope you arent converting it into one of those fancy Stretch Corribee Limo's.
Charlie Farlie wrote: Certainly not. I was just trying to boost my posting rate.
I can recommend logging in more than once every three days.


Scrutton Bland is thrilled to announce that through its partnering with GoCardless, the online payments company, they can now offer clients the facility to collect direct debits as part of its cloud based accounting solution sblive.
Speaking about the expansion of Scrutton Bland's sblive solution, Ryan Pearcy, who recently joined the firm with the remit for developing their cloud offering, said: "This is an exciting development: GoCardless is perfect for a wide range of business sectors, but in particular it will really help those who are reliant on recurring revenue streams, such as the property and creative industries.
The firm believes that by expanding its cloud based accountancy services their clients will quickly feel the benefits.


Covering more than 67,000 acres, Lake Winnibigoshish or Big Winnie as it's more commonly known, is the fifth largest lake in Minnesota.
Lake Winnie has an average depth of 15 feet and a maximum depth of 78 feet. It is surrounded by 141 miles of scenic unspoiled shoreline - a mixture of pines and hardwood forests and gently rolling hills.
Lake Winnibigoshish was created when the Lake Winnie Dam was built on the Mississippi River in 1884. In turn, two more lakes were created as well - Cut Foot Sioux and Little Winnie. The Mississippi River channel runs through the middle of Lake Winnibigoshish.
Just as game fish thrive beneath the lakes' sprawling blue surface, wildlife abounds on its shores. Deer, fox, loons, grouse, ducks and bear are just some of the animals that share the wooded habitat of the Chippewa National Forest, surrounding Lake Winnie. The forest is a nature lover's paradise, offering ample opportunities for hikers, photographers and naturalists alike.


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Post WW II
Post-war Railroads
Transcontinental Service
Though a transcontinental train would have to wait nearly four decades, through-service had been planned even before the war and was inaugurated in March of 1956. Trains traveled from New York and Washington to San Francisco and Los Angeles. The participants were the New York Central, Pennsylvania Railroad, and Baltimore & Ohio in the East and, in the West, the Santa Fe, Southern Pacific, Rock Island, Chicago & North Western, Union Pacific, Southern Pacific, Burlington, Rio Grande, and Western Pacific. The cars were interchanged at Chicago.
During this era, Chicago remained the great railroad center it had always been, with no fewer than six major, main-line train stations: Union Station (serving the Pennsylvania Railroad, Milwaukee Road, Burlington, and Gulf, Mobile & Ohio), LaSalle Street Station (New York Central, Nickel Plate, Rock Island), Dearborn (Santa Fe, Erie, Grand Trunk, Chicago & Eastern Illinois, Wabash, and Monon), Grand Central (Baltimore & Ohio, Chesapeake & Ohio, Soo Line), Central (Illinois Central), and the Chicago & North Western Passenger Terminal. Countless thousands of passengers poured through these grand stations, bound for hundreds of cities from coast to coast.
Chicago's depot diversity, while architecturally and operationally rich, complicated transfers of passengers, luggage-and, later, through-cars that were sleepers. Parmalee Transfer was the company dedicated to shuffling people and their belongings among the stations. The Pullmans, too, had to switch tracks, a complicated operation that involved four stations. Though performed expeditiously, the switching involved layovers for servicing, which kept the through-car option from being entirely successful. Passengers could stay aboard during switching maneuvers, or they could detrain to see the sights of Chicago.
These through-services were part of the railroads' postwar passenger revival, which by 1948 was in full swing. Some 2,500 new cars were in service, enough to assemble 250 new streamlined trainsets, with another 2,000 cars on order. Putting this in perspective, and highlighting the vastness of rail passenger operations of the era, is another revealing statistic: In 1950, lightweight cars, pre- and postwar, accounted for only 15 percent of the country's total operating fleet. Though long out of production, the old riveted heavyweights still ruled the roost, maintaining an almost exclusive hold on local and suburban services.
Ridiculous History: H-Bombs in Space Caused Light Shows, and People Partied
The Cold War Railroad
Steam Versus Diesel

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


With the Green Industry growing and the demand for energy efficiency only rising, what are some of your options for a career? We're going to take a look at some to give us an idea of the variety and even encourage ideas to sprout new ones.
Being green has become as important in our homes and in business as any other analysis. Going green is now a staple in cost and energy control, so how are some ways someone can take part in this focus as a career?
One way involves solar energy as a Solar Power Installer. Accounting for about 700,000 jobs all over the world, manufacturing and installation of solar power products is only growing. How about the wind? A Wind Turbine Fabricator accounts for over 300,000 jobs worldwide. Whether by the ocean or on open fields, wind energy is great for collectingfree energy and producing an electrical output.
The fabrication of the turbine metal work is a great opportunity for workers to adapt their past experience to an on demand purpose that is only growing. Recycling – yes the simple reuse of our products to prevent waste. This eco-friendly industry has been around for some time, but plays an immeasurable part in going green with our industrial life style. In Steel, 42% of our output was produced out of scrap in the year 2016. How about an Urban Planner? Even the design of our living environment has taken on green strategies to play its part. This is done part through better transportation systems and increasing the use of non-pollutant vehicles such as human powered transportation, i.e. bicycles.
With so many opportunities in business, being Green will be happily unavoidable. Every industry is being affected by the demand to lower energy cost and reduce the carbon footprint. Toys are being made out of recycled plastic, reusable energy all around us, and an economy demanding better resource usage leads us into the future. The defined line of a Green Business will be blurred to encompass everything we do. Out of necessity, we are being forced to be smart with business and our resources. Is it too little too late, or is it just the beginning?


Port St. Lucie Mayor Gregory Oravec is promoting the city's $22.5 million McCarty Ranch water quality project as a model for Everglades restoration that could be replicated to address South Florida's water pollution woes.
Oravec encouraged dozens of local government officials on the Treasure Coast Regional Planning Council to consider investing in water quality projects within their boundaries to help fill the void left by the federal government.
The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan was enacted in 2000, but South Florida residents are still waiting for the federal government to catch up on $8 billion worth of projects, Oravec said March 15 during a planning council meeting. The Everglades restoration projects include several large reservoirs in Martin and St. Lucie counties along the C-44, C-23 and C-24 Canals that would store and clean polluted water before it flows into the St. Lucie River.
Lake Okeechobee discharges and stormwater runoff into the river have been blamed for toxic algae blooms that killed marine life, sidelined water sport enthusiasts and damaged waterfront property values.
The toxic algae crisis in the St. Lucie River last summer and fall made national headlines and dominated state elections.
But Congressional funding for the CERP projects has lagged, so Florida and local governments have been initiating their own water quality projects.
Port St. Lucie spent $10.7 million in June 2014 to acquire 1,940 acres of the old McCarty Ranch property along the north side of the C-23 Canal, west of Rangeline Road, city records show.
Rangeline Road is the western boundary of the massive Western Grove, Riverland and Wilson Grove development sites.
The city plans to spend another $11.8 million to construct six reservoirs and an impoundment area along the C-23 Canal that will divert fresh water flowing toward the St. Lucie River and remove pollutants like phosphorous and nitrogen, city records show.
The city recently completed the first reservoir, which cost $1.7 million, city records show. Work is about to begin on the $3 million second reservoir.
The state provided $625,000 for the first reservoir and $2.7 million for the second, city records show. The city is also seeking money from the state Legislature to help pay for future phases.
The reservoirs will set the stage for the development of a new water treatment plant that will cleanse water from the C-23 Canal to meet drinking water standards, city records show.
Some of that water will be distributed for public consumption, city records show. The rest will be pumped into deep aquifer storage and recovery wells for future consumption.
Meanwhile, the CERP projects designed to remove pollutants from the C-23 and C-24 Canals in St. Lucie County are not up for construction until 2030, Oravec said. And even that date is not firm.
The city's McCarty Ranch water quality project will treat only about 20 percent of the water flowing through the C-23 Canal, Oravec said. That means four more comparable projects will be needed to clean up all the pollution flowing in the C-23 Canal water.
Doug Bournique, an Indian River Citrus League official who serves on the planning council, said some of the 160,000 acres of former citrus groves on the Treasure Coast could be converted into water farms like the city's McCarty Ranch project.
"The best crop we could put on that (citrus land) for the future of our Treasure Coast and on this peninsula is water," Bournique said.


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Song of the Day - "Angel"
|In Artist of the Month, Song of the Day
|By Ivan Orr
From the 1983 LP The Songstress this was the cut that I came to much later than the 1983 debut in fact about 5 years later. You see after Rapture had taken a complete hold on me about a year and half after its release, I happened upon The Songstress in the record store in the Summer of '88. What's this I wondered to myself, since I had really missed it the first go round, but cut me a little slack I was a thirteen year old lad.
But when I said this album and in particular "Angel" which opens the entire set grabbed me, it grabbed me. I would listen to this song everyday before going to class and the result was a wide internal smile on my walk across campus. This song still gives me that same feeling all these years later, continues to great me like an old friend and we pick up right where we left off.
Ivan Orr
Ivan Orr is a multi-instrumentalist, composer, performer, and writer. A native of Charlottesville, Virginia Ivan was involved with the forming and nascent days of The Music Resource Center as its first Program Director. A graduate of Virginia Commonwealth University's Department of Music, Ivan currently resides in Richmond, VA where he maintains an active performance and production schedule while serving as the Music Editor for Grown Folks Music, a position he has held since 2010.
www.grownfolksmusic.com
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1983 Angel Anita Baker The Songstress
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PopDoo-Wop80's R&BArtist of the MonthSong of the Day
Song of the Day – New Edition "Earth Angel"
Artist of the Month (Song of the Day) – Beat It
Victor Haskins – "Showing Up"(Album Review)


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Anthony Bourdain's Mother Dead At 85
posted by Hayden Brooks - Jan 14, 2020
Anthony Bourdain's mother, Gladys Bourdain, has died at the age of 85.
According to The New York Times, the mother of the late chef and author passed away at a hospice facility on Friday (January 10). Her other son, Christopher, confirmed the news, adding that her health had been declining in recent years. Gladys was a reporter and copy editor for the Times for 24 years since 1984.
Christopher was also the first to inform Gladys of Anthony's death by suicide in June 2018. "He didn't disguise anything or take on any act of persona. He was who he was, and it was out there for everyone to see," she previously told USA Today of her late son. "The thing is he came back from his first summer in Provincetown as a dishwasher, and then one of the cooks burned himself or cut himself so badly he had to stop work and Tony, who had been just observing, filled in. And when he came back at the end of that summer, we talked about it and since he had so little interest in his college career, I suggested the Culinary Institute and that's how it all started."
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There are many differentiated reasons as to why teachers leave the profession within the first five years. However, there were a couple common factors but the most popular among the teachers reasoning for leaving the teaching field was their annual salary. This is why I decided to investigate what the annual teacher salaries across the United States. This topic is also of interest to me because of my career choice.
I found two resources with similar data sets, both sets of data were gathered within the year 2018. The first set of data was found in June of 2018 and focused on the ten lowest and the ten highest average teacher salaries state in the United States. Whereas the last graph contained a data set for all fifty states' teacher salaries, this data was recorded in November of 2018. I chose bar graphs to represent both data sets because the purpose of each data set is comparative. Bar graphs are commonly used as visuals to compare data among categories, such as when I am comparing state to state salaries.
The bar graphs dating back to June both show an overall steady slope. For the top ten salary bar graph, there is commonly in between each state, as it increases, you can notice an average of a 5,000 dollar gap. Whereas with the top ten lowest salary states, you will see a common trait of each state staying within the forty thousand range for an annual salary. There are more various gaps in each state's value but the average difference between each state is one thousand dollars.
The next bar graph for November shows a steady decrease in a difference in state salary value from Wyoming and onward. However, before Wyoming, there is less of a steady slope. From New York to Connecticut there is a steep slope and then the next three states (Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Rhode Island) have little difference. Then another stead decrease begins with Michigan until it reaches Wyoming.
The important thing to know when reading these bar graphs is to remember that the longer the bar, the greater its value. When reading both sets of data you are able to see that Northern states tend to have higher salaries than more Southern states. However, there are states such as West Virginia that are considered to be more northern than other states In both sets of data between June and November West Virginia has stayed in the lower percentile based on the visuals provided.


One hundred years ago, a man was born who would change the world.
Now, singers from his native country are touring the world, celebrating his contributions with joyful performances of African Gospel music.
The man was Nelson Mandela and the performers are the Soweto Gospel Choir, composed of 20 top artists from South Africa.
They'll be touring through East Lansing for a one-performance only at the Wharton Center at 6:30 a.m. Sunday, Nov. 18.
The first half of the concert will be a performance of "Songs of the Free," a program that celebrates the 100th birthday of Mandela, considered the father of their Rainbow Nation.
The second half of the show will include performances of international gospel classics, including their interpretation of Leonard Cohen's "Hallelujah," which they do with a mix of solos and full choir singing.
The group has twice won Grammys and have performed with other musicians including U2, Aretha Franklin, Stevie Wonder, Diana Ross, Robert Plant, Celine Dion, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Josh Groban and Chance The Rapper.
The group was formed in November 2002 and recorded their first album a month later. It would reach the No. 1 spot on Billboard's World Music Chart within three weeks of its release in the U.S. In 2006, they would perform for Archbishop Desmond Tutu's 75th birthday celebration in front of an audience that included former President Mandela and others.
Through the years they've collaborated with many artists, performed all over the world for all sorts of dignitaries, and won many international music awards.
In this past year, they sang at the memorial service for Winnie Madikizela-Mandela. They are considered one of the Mandela family's chosen artists since their formation.
The 20-member choir includes Shimmy Jiyane, who not only performs as a tenor, but is the choreographer and choir master. A founding member, he said that as long as he can remember, he's wanted to dance.
Jiyane started out performing with the Vusa Dance Company's "African Moves" in 1997 and 1998 in Australia. Then, performing with the Gospel group Joyous Celebration, he started work on his vocal performance, something that is now regarded as "haunting" and sweet as he performs as Soweto's lead tenor.
Jiyane has also been choreographing the Soweto Gospel Choir for many years, bringing a knowledge of African dance and a vivid imagination to the group.
The musical director, Diniloxolo Ndlakuse, is another tenor who also plays the keyboards. Ndlakuse was born in Soweto and started singing in church at age six. He studied music at Eastside College where he learned about South African music and its people.
While studying such subjects as music form, ear training, keyboard technique, piano and theory, he was working as a band leader, composer, arranger, and conductor. In 2006, he joined the Soweto Gospel Choir.
• The Lansing Community College dance students are showing off their talents in a series of originally choreographed pieces at Gannon Building Room 3119 on Sunday, Nov. 18 at 2 p.m. Donations will be accepted for the dance student scholarship fund.


Belmeko is manufacturer of continuous powder coating lines. It has its own engineering, production and assembling of spray tunnels, bath series, drying tunnels, powder spraybooths, continuous curing ovens and chain conveyors.
Belmeko is manufacturer of made-to-measure wet paint installations. It has its own engineering, production and assembling of spray walls, paint spraybooths, drying ovens, sanding booths, paint mixing rooms, paint storage rooms en overhead conveyor systems (from manual to power & free).
Belmeko is manufacturer of made to measure wet paint installations. It has its own engineering, production and assembling of spray walls, paint spray booths, drying ovens, sanding booths, paint mixing rooms, paint storage rooms en overhead conveyor systems (from manual to power & free).
Belmeko is manufacturer of open face paint booths in different sizes and with different type of filters. An open spray booth is the cheapest way to paint safely. The open booth can later be expanded by booth extensions, ceiling filters, intake fans, doors,... to become a complete spray booth.
Belmeko is producer of pretreatment tunnels, single and multi-chamber spraying systems and bath series; all produced in its own workshop in Oostkamp, Belgium. The tunnels can be made of stainless steel or polypropylene.
Belmeko is manufacturer of industrial ovens up to 450°C. The ovens are made to measure from A to Z: Belmeko has its own engineering, production, assembly and after-sales service. Heating can be carried out by oil, gas or electricity.
The ovens can be made for batch production of small volumes or for fully automated conveyor lines for high production volumes.
The applications of the ovens are very diverse: 1. heat treatment of aluminum, plastics,... 2. Drying after a chemical pretreatment; 3. drying of painted pieces (word, metal, plastics,...); 4. Curing of powder coat; 5. thermofixation of textile fibers; 6. annealing to alter the microstructure of a material; 6. drying of ceramic material; 7. Etc.
Belmeko is manufacturer of measuring rooms.


Blink and you might be missing something in regard to some amazing dining opportunities. As Kota Kinabalu's and its surrounding area fickle with new restaurants opening, one might not ably to see the best of the best. Connoisseur included. Hidden somewhere in a newly-developed commercial and housing area near Kinarut town, is one contender in the burgeoning concept of Middle Eastern cuisine. Introducing, Al Hamra Restaurant & Bistro at The Palm Square Kinarut. Though located about 18 KM from Kota Kinabalu city, getting here is not a hassle.


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Personal loan company sues client over $7K debt
By Louisiana Record reports | Mar 17, 2015
GRETNA – A personal loan lender is suing a client it claims failed to fully pay back a $7,000 loan.
Springleaf Financial Services of Louisiana Inc. filed suit against Christopher Louper in the 24th Judicial District Court on Jan. 20.
Springleaf claims it entered into a contract on Aug. 25, 2014 to provide Louper with a $7,666.45 loan, which he was to pay back over a 48 month period beginning on Oct. 10, 2014. The plaintiff alleges the defendant never made a single payment on the loan and still owes the full balance of the loan plus interest.
The defendant is accused of breach of contract.
Damages in the amount $8,463.52 is sought by the plaintiff.
Springleaf is represented by Tony Dooley of New Orleans-based The Dooley Law Office LLC.
The case has been assigned to Division O Judge Danyelle M. Taylor.
Case no. 745-954.
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New auto insurance rate to take effect in August, though rate cuts will be minimal
By Carrie Bradon | Jul 17, 2019
Amid tensions between Iran and U.S., LMOGA calls for state's oil industry to be more competitive
Grow Louisiana Coalition warns Cantrell's lawsuits against oil companies 'do not build relationships'
Pelican Institute describes lawsuits against energy industry as 'risky' and 'destructive'
Case activity for Barrett Beach Bungalows vs BP Exploration & Production, Inc. on July 15
By The Louisiana Record | Jul 17, 2019
Court activity on July 12: Andrew Dodds vs BP Exploration & Production, Inc.
U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana: Actions Taken on July 5
No guarantee awards from coastal lawsuits would be used to protect the coast, Louisiana Lawsuit Abuse Watch says
Case activity for Courtney Wightman vs Ameritas Life Insurance Corp. on July 11
Tensions between Iran, U.S. likely to impact state's oil industry, Louisiana Oil and Gas Association says
Case activity for Gwen E. Dodge vs Sanofi Aventis US LLC on July 11
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Home Rangers News Rangers treble-winning defender refuses to rule out reunion as manager hunt continues
Rangers treble-winning defender refuses to rule out reunion as manager hunt continues
Danny Wright
18th February 2017 at 10:43am
Football - Millwall v Queens Park Rangers - Coca-Cola Football League Championship - The New Den - 04/05 , 5/2/05 Kevin Muscat - Millwall in action against Paul Furlong - Queens Park Rangers Mandatory Credit: Action Images / Corey Ross
By Danny Wright
Former Rangers defender Kevin Muscat hasn't ruled out the possibility of a return to Ibrox to replace Mark Warburton as manager.
Currently in charge of Melbourne Victory in the Australian A-League, Muscat told the Daily Record that he is happy with his current role but didn't comment on any of the speculation surrounding him.
The 43-year-old has been in charge at Melbourne since 2013 and it has been his only job in management.
He was linked with the vacancy at Rangers on Thursday.
Muscat spent one season at Rangers in 2002/03 but was part of the squad that won the domestic treble when Alex McLeish, who is also among the forerunners for the job, was in charge.
"I am currently contracted to Melbourne Victory so it's something I have not given any consideration to," he said.
"The reality is that I am contracted to Melbourne Victory, so I just keep carrying on. One thing we don't do, I tell players, is comment on speculation and that's where this is at this moment in time."
Muscat also added that he has not been in contact with Rangers: "I have not spoken to anyone from the club."
Although born in England, Muscat earned 46 caps for Australia.
He has managed a total of 117 matches at Melbourne Victory, winning 55.
Rangers are currently third in the Scottish Premiership and have been without a manager since Warburton was sacked last Friday.
Caretaker manager Graeme Murty won his first game in charge of the Light Blues when they beat Greenock Morton in the Scottish Cup 2-1 on Sunday.
He is now the favourite with SkyBet to remain in charge for the rest of the season.
They face a trip to Dundee in their next game on Sunday, which will be their first league encounter since Warburton's controversial exit.
In other Rangers news, this 37-year-old puts contract talks on hold.
We've launched an <<EXCLUSIVE TRANSFER WINDOW NEWS FEED>>. 'Like Us' on Facebook by clicking here if you want 24/7 updates on all Rangers transfer news.
Kevin Muscat
Previous articleTalks underway for Liverpool top summer targets, 20-year-old international winger heads list – report
Next articleEverton to battle PL rivals for £8million Brazilian midfield powerhouse – report
Exclusive: Rangers big-name sale tipped by Mills after Auchenhowie reveal
'Gerrard rates him very highly' – Exclusive: Rangers teen tipped for 1st XI by pundit


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text:
George Spadafino, DelDOT group engineer for the project, said that a re-study of traffic needs prompted designers to shrink the bypass from its original four-lane profile under the original and larger project to two lanes.
The bypass would skirt south of the more-than 300-acre Doe Bridge Nature Preserve, with two bridges over northern portions of Millsboro Pond's upper reaches. In between, the road would cut across the southern tip of Sweetwater Point, a site considered for development but tied up for years in a Chancery Court dispute over state natural area preservation efforts.
"We looked at more than 30 different alignments," Spadafino said. "For one reason or another they were all vetted out as not being viable. Even though we're not done the process yet, everything seems to be pointing to that bypass" location made public on Monday.
Millsboro Mayor Robert Bryan said on Saturday that early reports of the plan "solves our problem."
Shante' Hastings, DelDOT deputy director for transportation solutions, said the project would have multiple benefits, easing congestion in Millsboro and increasing efficiency of the highway system in that area.
Sundstrom said that DelDOT already has been making lease payments on the Patriot's Landing area where a half-cloverleaf interchange would connect the new section of Del. 24 to U.S. 113.
Debate over DelDOT's need for the property and values used to establish an unusual lease agreement to keep the land undeveloped helped trigger an agency-wide shakeup and the resignation of former DelDOT Secretary Carolann Wicks in 2012. Owners of another property near Dagsboro also received lease payments, only to have the agency abandon plans for use of that parcel.
"Both of those transactions became somewhat controversial because the leases were entered into just as the real estate market was crashing and there was some sense that pehaps the agency overpaid for the property," Sundstrom said, "particularly when you think about the fact that we were nowhere close to having the project federally approved."
"That and other issues eventually led to a change in leadership at DelDOT."
Contact Jeff Montgomery at 463-3344 or jmontgomery@delawareonline.com


text:
Q: Changes to functions.php not working I am trying to make changes to my functions.php file.
I have just set up my child theme for the Sydney theme, and have tested the stylesheet and that is working fine.
I am looking to make changes to my woocommerce checkout page and was literally just creating an echo to make sure it is working...
I tried using the child theme configurator plugin to set up my child theme and make sure there were no errors in my code (as I couldn't make my stylesheet work either)
This is my functions.php:
<?php
 add_action( 'wp_enqueue_scripts', 'sydney_child_enqueue_styles' );
 function sydney_child_enqueue_styles() {
      wp_enqueue_style( 'parent-style', get_template_directory_uri() . '/style.css' );
      } ?>

// BEGIN ENQUEUE PARENT ACTION // AUTO GENERATED - Do not modify or remove comment markers above or below: // END ENQUEUE PARENT ACTION  add_action ('woocommerce_before_checkout_form','add_content_above_checkout',15); function add_content_above_checkout () {  echo 'TEST'; }

That second "php" statement was added by the child theme configurator for some reason as well, although it hadn't closed the statement so I added the closing ?>
If there's anything visibly wrong, let me know!!

A: Closing PHP tag and then opening in the next line:
Whenever there is something (even space, tab, newline etc.) after a closing PHP tag ?> or before an opening PHP tag <?php, PHP engine considers it as output.
So the way your code is, it'll generate some unnecessary output, that often throws error or warning like:

Header already sent ...

So you must make sure there is no unintended output, even if you need multiple opening and closing PHP tags.
Closing PHP Tag ?>
PHP doesn't need the closing PHP tag ?>.
If the file ends while within the scope of any opening PHP tag <?php, PHP considers the file ending to be the end of the PHP tag.
CODE fix:
So in that light, your CODE will be like:
<?php
    add_action( 'wp_enqueue_scripts', 'sydney_child_enqueue_styles' );
    function sydney_child_enqueue_styles() {
        wp_enqueue_style( 'parent-style', get_template_directory_uri() . '/style.css' );
    }

    // BEGIN ENQUEUE PARENT ACTION
    // AUTO GENERATED - Do not modify or remove comment markers above or below:
    // END ENQUEUE PARENT ACTION
    add_action('woocommerce_before_checkout_form', 'add_content_above_checkout', 15);
    function add_content_above_checkout () {  echo 'TEST'; }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Trump hails 'great news' that Foxconn Wisconsin factory back on track
by Rex Christensen
in Economy
Foxconn Technology said on Friday that it would build a factory in Wisconsin after the company's chairman spoke to US President Donald Trump.
The company at the time left open the possibility for a Generation 10.5 facility, but said the final decision would depend on market and economic conditions.
Local officials on Friday said they expected Foxconn to begin work on the manufacturing facility in the next 18 months. The statement did not reiterate its commitment to create 13,000 jobs as it did on Wednesday.
Wisconsin state and local governments promised roughly $4 billion to Foxconn, the richest incentive package in state history and the biggest pledged by a state to a foreign corporation in USA history.
Some in the state have blamed Evers for the alleged shifting of Foxconn's plan.
Foxconn will proceed with its construction of a self-driving vehicle facility and a sixth generation LCD fab plant in Wisconsin after discussions with United States President Donald Trump about the project, the company's chairman Terry Gou (郭台銘) said Saturday. State leaders offered almost $4 billion in tax incentives to help seal the deal.
FILE - President Donald Trump, center, along with Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker, left, and Foxconn Chairman Terry Gou participate in a groundbreaking event for the Foxconn facility in Mt.
"This news is devastating for the taxpayers of Wisconsin", said Wisconsin Assembly Minority Leader Gordon Hintz, a Democrat.
Media reports earlier this week quoted Louis Woo, an assistant to Gou, suggesting the company might scrap the flat screen factory in favour of hiring more high-skilled engineers for research and development - a move that would lead to far fewer blue-collar jobs and run counter to Trump's promises.
Speaking to thousands of Foxconn employees at a Chinese New Year carnival in Taipei on Saturday, Gou said investing in the United States "is undoubtedly a right decision and fits with future economic trends". Not since President Ronald Reagan in 1984 had a Republican carried Wisconsin in a presidential election, and a big part of Trump's Rust Belt strategy - which also brought unexpected wins in Pennsylvania and MI - was a heavy emphasis on bringing blue-collar manufacturing jobs back to the United States. Trump attends and calls the plant "the eighth wonder of the world".
At a Foxconn company party, Gou confirmed that he spoke with Trump on Friday, and that the president wanted him to hire veterans and bring talent from US coastal areas to the Midwest.
The company's statement on Friday did not say how its renewed commitment to a factory would impact the type of workers employed on the Wisconsin campus. It's why Apple has partnered with Foxconn to build iPhones in China.
But both Foxconn and Mark Hogan, head of the state's economic development agency under Walker and Evers, disputed the GOP claims on Thursday.
It's too early to tell what will unfold in Wisconsin, Dorfman said.
MMA fighter wanted on murder charges captured
US VP says time for Venezuela's Maduro to go
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The FTC fines Facebook $5 billion for privacy violations 7/14/2019
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Another tweeted: "Pretty sure we just saw a plane crash into a neighborhood". "It shook the house". Other homes were damaged by debris from the plane, which crashed in the backyard of another home.
Wreckage of plane carrying footballer Emiliano Sala found
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Todd Gurley Hopes Sony Michel Forgets Past Lessons In Super Bowl LIII
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US Unemployment Rises To 4%, January Payroll Blows Away Estimates
However, the Labor Department said earlier it would consider the 800,000 federal workers affected by the shutdown fully employed . Government shutdown or not, this looked like a big report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics for January's employment situation.
Toll in Brazil dam disaster rises to 115 dead, 248 missing
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Meet the Fierce and Furry Cats Competing in Kitten Bowl 2019
PST on Sunday, Feb. 3.Prior to the official game, the pre-game show will air at 2 p.m. Team Ruff battles Team Fluff in a battle to take home the coveted "Lombarky" trophy.
Former Redskins coach Sean McVay forging a legacy in L.A.
What makes that record even more incredible is that Belichick could well be 0-8, or perhaps 8-0, in his Super Bowl career. WGBH News' Esteban Bustillos highlights player stats, team history, and what to watch for in this year's game.
Super Bowl Set for Sunday
Check back here around kickoff, and be sure to send us your own #superbowlhaiku if inspiration so moves you. The Rams are led by head coach Sean McVay, the youngest head coach in super bowl history.
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Middle order fight helps India pip New Zealand
Hotstar will stream the game live in the Indian subcontinent while Sky Sports NZ will telecast the match in New Zealand . New Zealand also lost early wickets before a 67-run stand between Kane Williamson and Tom Latham steadied the chase.
Huawei Will Announce a 5G Foldable Phone at MWC 2019
Huawei did say a few days ago that its foldable phone will be unveiled in Barcelona in February, complete with 5G support . From companies like Samsung to Xiaomi and LG, foldable smartphones have become more than just a novelty.
Eagles prepared to keep Nick Foles from hitting free agency
Last year, Foles lead the Eagles to the franchise's first Super Bowl win after starter Carson Wentz tore his left ACL in December. But, Rapoport said, Philadelphia at that point could put the franchise tag on Foles and search for a trade partner.
Bryant to stay at Missouri despite NCAA punishments
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The result allows second-placed Atletico Madrid, playing on Sunday, the chance to close the gap on leaders Barca to three points. Captain Dani Parejo's shot was saved by Marc-Andre ter Stegen, before Kevin Gameiro struck the loose ball against a post.
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The arrested students, their friends and family members can contact the embassy at cons3. washington @mea.gov.in. The student in order to stay in USA enrolled in the university to continue with the student visa status.
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Representing a groundbreaking collaboration between the college's Davis Museum and the American Antiquarian Society of Worcester, the free symposium will be held in Collins Cinema from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.
The symposium will feature a keynote address from associate professor of art history Laura Auricchio, talks by exhibition curators Georgia Barnhill and Lauren Hewes, presentations by visiting scholars and lithography demonstrations by master printer Phil Sanders of Blackburn Studies.
An ongoing exhibit, which runs through June 3 in the Works on Paper Gallery of the Davis Museum, features 50 lithographs from between 1796 and 1860 that reveal the influence of French culture on the art of the emerging United States.
Wellesley College is located at 106 Central St., Wellesley. For information, call 781-283-2051 or visit www.wellesley.edu.


text:
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You are here: Virgin Islands News Online » News » Overseas linemen feeling the VI love & appreciation
Overseas linemen feeling the VI love & appreciation
- 44 linemen from 7 countries helping BVIEC in restoration efforts
October 23rd, 2017 | Tags: BVI Electricity Corporation Leroy A. E. Abraham restore electricity Linesmen
LUCELEC team from St Lucia in action in Sea Cows Bay, West End. Photo: VINO
Members of the VINLEC team from St Vincent assisting with power restoration in Greenland East End. Photo: VINO
VINLEC team from St Vincent preparing to put up a pole. Photo: VINO
ELMAR team from Aruba in action. Photo: VINO
CUC team from Cayman Islands seen in action in Greenland, East End on Saturday October 21, 2017. Photo: VINO
BELCO team from Bermuda seen working in Gene Hill area on Saturday October 21, 2017. Photo: VINO
GRENLEC team from Grenada is currently working in Anegada to restore power. Photo: Provided
BEL team from Belize is currently working in Virgin Gorda to restore power to the residents. Photo: Provided
Members of the Cayman Islands team in action. Photo: VINO
Member of the Aruba team in action. Photo: VINO
ROAD TOWN, Tortola, VI - Following the passage of the monstrous Category 5 Hurricane Irma that left no stone unturned and the territory in a state of total darkness, 44 linemen from seven different countries arrived to assist the BVI Electricity Corporation (BVIEC) with power restoration.
The groups of linemen that came to assist the territory in its restoration efforts include: GRENLEC from Grenada; BEL from Belize; VINLEC from St Vincent; LUCELEC from St Lucia; CUC from Cayman Islands; BELCO from Bermuda and ELMAR from Aruba.
In an exclusive interview and tour of the linemen in action with General Manager of BVIEC, Mr Leroy A. E. Abraham, the teams all shared the same sentiments that they are grateful for the appreciation in which they have been receiving from the locals.
"We have been working days after days"- Edgard R. Geerman
Speaking exclusively with Edgard R. Geerman, Supervisor of the ELMAR team from Aruba who arrived in the territory on September 29, 2017, he said they are happy to assist and the locals are friendly.
"We are glad to help the people here. We have been working days after days and my team are working hard," said Mr Geerman.
He disclosed that the locals would pass his team on the road and show their appreciation by saying thank you and even offer them water and juices.
Meanwhile, Mr Stevon T. Trott, lineman from BELCO Bermuda who landed on September 28, 2017, expressed that working alongside BVIEC has been a "unique and great experience", adding that the locals are very "warm and welcoming".
The majority of the teams have been in the territory for a month and some of the teams even extended their time to assist with more restoration.
The team from CUC Cayman Islands arrived in the territory on October 10, 2017 and has been working in the area of Greenland, East End.
In an invited comment, Mr Geraude J. Holness, Supervisor of CUC expressed that working to restore electricity on the island has been "challenging but a rewarding experience".
"We always look forward to helping the people to get back to some normalcy in their lives and electricity plays a big part of that," while noting that they have received cold beverages from the locals who got power restored to them.
Mr Holness explained that the challenge arise because of the terrain and that trying to salvage equipment takes time rather than having new equipment which would allow them to move at a faster pace.
"Never seen such a devastation"- Michael R. Ambrose
The St Lucia team LUCELEC arrived in the Virgin Islands (VI) on September 24, 2017.
Mr Michael R. Ambrose, Supervisor of LUCELEC St Lucia, revealed to our news reporter that this is his second restoration experience but this is the worse he has ever seen, adding that his team got a two week extension in order to further assist.
"We are happy to be here to assist and we are all welcoming the experience while learning more. Based on my past experience, I have never seen such a devastation such as this," said Mr Ambrose.
The St Lucia team supervisor conveyed that the locals would stop and give his team compliments on the work that they have been doing.
"...it's like a home away from home"- Les H. Malcolm
"It has been a good experience and its the worse I've ever seen for a hurricane," said Les H. Malcolm, supervisor from VINLEC St Vincent who landed in the territory on October 10, 2017.
Mr Malcolm admitted that "it's like a home away from home" because he has encountered numerous St Vincent nationals on the island.
"The locals here have showed us a lot of appreciation for the work that we have been doing and I would like to tell them to keep holding on," said the St Vincent supervisor.
Currently, the team from GRENLEC Grenada who arrived in the VI on October 9, 2017 is assisting with power restoration on Anegada, while BEL from Belize is working in Virgin Gorda. They arrived in the territory on September 26, 2017.
Speaking with Leroy A. E. Abraham, General Manager of BVIEC, he said, "I am very pleased that we have 44 linemen from seven different countries on the ground assisting us in rebuilding our grid and returning all of our lives to normal. I am very appreciative to all those countries."
22 Responses to "Overseas linemen feeling the VI love & appreciation"
pat (23/10/2017, 16:22) Like (30) Dislike (2) Reply
just keep Mark away from talking foolishness. Good job to all the BVI needs you
@ pat (24/10/2017, 13:33) Like (1) Dislike (0) Reply
I approved this message
unknown (23/10/2017, 16:43) Like (18) Dislike (1) Reply
God Bless You Guys... Thank You for your hard work. ONE LOVE ONE BVI. GOD BLESS YOU ALWAYS
RelevantLastName (23/10/2017, 17:15) Like (1) Dislike (77) Reply
Get rid of them after they finish. Thanks for the help but don't get too confortable.
*Hmm (24/10/2017, 12:01) Like (13) Dislike (0) Reply
Look at this MF%$!+# ungrateful SOB....that's the first thought that really pop in your mind? These men leave their homes & families to come here & help our guys with the rebuilding process & look the piss you here posting. You for real? The more hands on deck the quicker the country start to get on track. I haven't come in contact with any of those guys (that I know of) but I would gladly shake their hands, offer a drink even a meal or say thanks for all the help because lord knows we need it.
Your a$$ don't deserve an ounce of power back to your home if u even have one. Furthermore Irma had need to evacuate u out of here permanently. Damn!
St. lucian (23/10/2017, 17:46) Like (25) Dislike (2) Reply
It's lovely to see all the Caribbean islands coming together to help in the recovery of the BVI. I applaud our prime minister of St Lucia, Mr. Allan Chastanet for contributing towards the effect. The BVI has been home to many St.Lucian. It's now our time to give back. We are stronger together. #OneCaribbean#strongertogether.
JC (23/10/2017, 21:34) Like (6) Dislike (0) Reply
Ghost (23/10/2017, 18:24) Like (29) Dislike (2) Reply
To that person that said "get rid of them don't get too comfortable".. u must be one stupid person.. a fool In fact.. instead of u being thankful u just being STUPID..intelligent doesn't grow in everyone's garden n u just proved that.. comments like yours makes me cringe at how truly ignorant one can be..
Great Guys (23/10/2017, 19:33) Like (20) Dislike (3) Reply
These are great Guys.. Quite q few of them express interest in staying. Hope They are considered... We need the help. Good help. Hold some of them..
1 (23/10/2017, 19:49) Like (16) Dislike (1) Reply
Caribbean strong
my 2 cents (23/10/2017, 20:03) Like (28) Dislike (7) Reply
Hope these born here have a better appreciation for the island people for i have not seen any from usa or england who you all love helping restore anything
@ my 2 cents (24/10/2017, 04:56) Like (7) Dislike (3) Reply
I agree 100%
JayEm (23/10/2017, 21:14) Like (17) Dislike (0) Reply
Awesome. Be safe out there guyz!
ABC (23/10/2017, 21:56) Like (6) Dislike (0) Reply
This is good stuff vino
lollol (23/10/2017, 22:58) Like (11) Dislike (1) Reply
Dem getting bvi cat too lol
@lollol. married (24/10/2017, 08:05) Like (4) Dislike (0) Reply
They not only getting BVI Meow.. A Few will get married and stick around.. They love the BVI..
@lollol (24/10/2017, 12:08) Like (0) Dislike (1) Reply
the quality cannot be denied
Goodjob!!!!!. (24/10/2017, 06:43) Like (2) Dislike (6) Reply
But be warned!!!!!! once they use u you better catch LIAT or whatever they will tell and get out. This hot love does get cold fast
rattie (24/10/2017, 07:29) Like (10) Dislike (1) Reply
I must say credit must also be given to Leroy and his team for a job well done despite the lack of resources
@ rattie (24/10/2017, 13:34) Like (0) Dislike (0) Reply
Vanterpool done say there are no lack of resources so wheel and come again
real pat (24/10/2017, 22:41) Like (1) Dislike (0) Reply
the BVI is pulling itself together big time with a great team effort from around the Caribbean. I am also looking forward to wires up high and not drooping so they get caught on trucks. Thank you for making them safe!
anegada (26/10/2017, 23:01) Like (0) Dislike (0) Reply
Thanks guys for a job well done... Anegada Good to go!!!
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Say Hello to Luis Yepez, Senior World Builder!
"Senior World Builder." Does that make Luis some kind of god? Unfortunately no, it just makes for a really cool job title. (Once you get to know this awesome dude, you'll understand why we say "unfortunately.") So, what does he do?
It's a bit of a mixed discipline. I do some stuff that would be considered art and other things that would fall under level design. Basically, I build the world you play in. The nature of the games we build requires the people making the world and playable areas to pull tools from both the environment artist's palette and the level designer's trick bag.
For State of Decay 2, our Grandmaster World Builder (James McMillan) put together all 3 open-world maps in the game. He established the overall flow and layout. I then came in and worked on composition, navigational awareness, neighborhood layouts, environment storytelling and set dressing.
At the end of the day, I get to make you feel the world you are in is real, and that you can traverse in it in fun and exciting ways without hindering your progress or making you feel lost.
We are curious, Great Builder of Worlds, what made you want to get into the game industry?
I've always wanted to make games since I was little. I wasn't really sure what that meant or how to even do it, but I knew since I was 8 that was what I wanted to do when I grew up.
When I was 17 and had to choose what college and profession to pursue, I still wanted to make games but had very little information or anyone around to ask. So the best information I got was to study something computer-related.
I prepared as if I was going into the Computer Science field. I was enrolled and ready to go, then 2 months before I started I found an article in a gaming magazine about making art for games. Being that I had always been into drawing and more visual stuff, I pivoted last-minute and went the art route. The rest, well, it's taken me to where I am today.
So after several years in the gaming industry, how did you end up at Undead Labs?
You seem to be very happy working here. What is your favorite part about working at UL?
The team is amazing. Everyone is focused on working and making a game. No one is just focused on making a portfolio piece or some sort of tech that will show off them as individuals. We all work to lift each other up so the game is the best it can be, because at the end of the day we all care about the player being the happiest they can while spending time in our worlds.
The dogs-at-work policy is great, too. Actually, scratch the first part, it's just the dog policy.
Well, with a Corgi like Kyra how can a company not allow dogs to come to work with you?
Last but not least, we would love to hear an interesting fact about you, maybe some information about your life outside work?
Well the most obvious one is that I am Mexican and moved from Cancún. I usually hear a lot of, "Why would you ever leave Cancún?" All I can say is I love making games more than living in Cancún, I guess. I do some personal art on the side for Emerald City Comic Con, too.
I like fashion quite a bit. My wife is a fashion designer and I have come to learn more and love that industry. So sometimes I'll stop random people and just say, "I love that jacket." They look at me weird but hey, they need to know they are rocking it.
Have questions for Luis? He'd be happy to answer them! Just comment on the Facebook, Twitter or Instagram post this link was on, and we will collect his answers and send them back to you.
Brian Giaime and John "Gronk" Gronquist led the Independence Pack team, making all your zom-pocalypse 4th of July feels come true! Want to know how they came up with the ideas? Can you guess their favorite weapon? Read on!


Enzyme replacement therapy is currently the only approved therapy for Fabry disease. From June 2009 on, viral contamination of Genzyme's production facility resulted in a worldwide shortage of agalsidase beta leading to involuntary dose reductions (approved dose 1 mg/kg/eow, reduced dose 0.5 mg/kg/m), or switch to agalsidase alpha (administered dose 0.2 mg/kg/eow). An assessment report from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) raised serious concerns about an increase in adverse events at lower dosages of agalsidase beta. We determined the influence of the shortage on clinical event incidence and the most sensitive biochemical marker (lysoGb3) in Dutch Fabry patients.
The incidence of clinical events per person per year was calculated from start of agalsidase beta treatment until the shortage, and was compared to the incidence of clinical events during the shortage period. In addition, plasma lysoGb3, eGFR, quality of life (SF-36) and brief pain inventory (BPI) questionnaires were analysed.
All thirty-five Dutch Fabry patients using agalsidase beta (17 males) were included. Mean clinical event incidence was unchanged: 0.15 events per person per year before versus 0.15 during the shortage (p = 0.68). In total 28 clinical events occurred in 14 patients during 4.6 treatment years, compared to 7 events in 6 patients during the 1.3 year shortage period. eGFR and BPI scores were not significantly altered. Two SF-36 subscales were significantly but minimally reduced in females. In males, lysoGb3 increased with a median of 8.1 nM (range 2.5 - 29.2) after 1 year of shortage (p = 0.001). Increases in lysoGb3 were found in both patients switching to agalsidase alpha and on a reduced agalsidase beta dose. Antibody status, treatment duration or clinical event incidence showed no clear correlation to lysoGb3 increases.
No increase in clinical event incidence was found in the adult Dutch Fabry cohort during the agalsidase beta shortage. Increases in lysoGb3, however, suggest recurrence of disease activity.
Fabry disease (OMIM 301500) is a rare inherited X-linked lysosomal storage disease. Mutations in the GLA gene cause a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme α-galactosidase A. As a result glycosphingolipids with a terminal α-galactosyl moiety, predominately globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), accumulate in lysosomes . This accumulation is believed to result in the symptoms and complications of the disease. During childhood presenting symptoms consist of characteristic neuronopathic pains, gastro-intestinal complaints and hypohidrosis. Complications usually occur later in life and include progressive renal insufficiency, stroke, cardiac hypertrophy or infarction, and cardiac arrhythmia . The phenotype of the disease is very variable, ranging from severe end-organ damage and early death in classically affected males to less pronounced disease manifestations in some male and the majority of female patients.
Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is currently the only approved therapy for Fabry disease and aims at restoring the defective degradation of accumulated substrates by infusion of recombinant α-galactosidase A. In 2001 the European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved two recombinant enzyme preparations in Europe: agalsidase alpha (Replagal™, Shire, at a registered dose of 0.2 mg/kg/eow) and agalsidase beta (Fabrazyme, Genzyme, at a registered dose of 1.0 mg/kg/eow). In the USA, only agalsidase beta is licensed. Treatment with both preparations is reported to diminish Gb3 in tissue biopsies, decrease left ventricular hypertrophy and stabilize renal function [3–8]. These effects seem most prominent in patients with less severe organ involvement at start of therapy [9, 10]. Studies on the effect of ERT on the prevention of Fabry related complications are limited. One phase IV study was conducted showing limited efficacy of treatment with agalsidase beta showing a modest decrease in incidence of complications . Such a study was never performed for agalsidase alpha. Although one study could not demonstrate differences between agalsidase alpha and agalsidase beta at and equal dose of 0.2 mg/kg/eow , the superiority of either one of the products at their registered dose has not been proven so far.
In June 2009 Genzyme identified a virus (vesivirus 2117) in one of the six bioreactors at their Allston manufacturing facility. Genzyme has reported that this virus is not known to cause disease in humans. Genzyme temporarily interrupted its production, which resulted in a worldwide shortage of agalsidase beta. Assuming a quick recovery of full production, the EMA advised in an online press release on 25 June 2009  that: ' priority should be given to children, adolescent, and adult male patients. However, adult female patients in whom the disease is less severe may receive Fabrazyme at a reduced dose'. This decision was based upon the supposition that female patients with no clinically significant end organ damage could more easily tolerate a lower dose of therapy. In a subsequent online press release on 23 April 2010  the EMA advised that: ' for patients on the reduced dose who demonstrate a deterioration of the disease, physicians should consider restarting the original treatment with the full dose of Fabrazyme or switching to an alternative treatment, such as Replagal'. Initially, in the Netherlands only less affected female patients received a reduced dose. However, from October 2009 persisting shortages forced dose reductions in all Dutch patients, including males. In the absence of sufficient agalsidase beta to restore full dose, Dutch Fabry patients could indicate their preference to stay at a reduced agalsidase beta dose or switch to agalsidase alpha.
On 19 October 2010 the EMA released an assessment report on the shortage of agalsidase beta noting an increase in reporting of adverse events since the start of the shortage, possibly due to the lowered dose . More specifically, it was stated that: 'this pattern of adverse events resembles the natural, but accelerated, course of Fabry disease'. In addition, the post-marketing registry on outcomes of treatment with agalsidase beta (the Fabry Registry, sponsored by Genzyme) showed that a higher percentage of reports was received of patients suffering from neuronopathic pains, diarrhoea and abdominal pain, compared to the period before the shortage. This suggested increase in adverse events and complaints is difficult to interpret. It is possible that indeed a lower dose of agalsidase beta leads to disease progression or to an accelerated disease course. However, it is also possible that the anxiety caused by the shortage and the recommendations by the EMA to treat patients at full dose of agalsidase beta in case of an adverse event, led to increased awareness and reporting of adverse events. Thus, there is a need for objective data to assess the impact of the agalsidase beta shortage. We studied the incidence of clinical events per person per year before and during the shortage in the adult Dutch Fabry cohort. In addition, we analyzed lysoGb3, eGFR, quality of life (SF-36) and brief pain inventory (BPI) questionnaires.
All adult Dutch Fabry patients treated with agalsidase beta before the shortage were included in this retrospective observational study (n = 35). Diagnosis was previously confirmed by deficient α-galactosidase A activity (males) and genotyping (males and females). As part of the standard clinical practice, most patients are routinely seen at the outpatient clinic every 3 months for recording of complaints and clinical events, physical examination, and plasma creatinine analysis. In addition, 24-h urine collections, BPI (Brief Pain Inventory) and SF-36 questionnaires, cardiac ultrasound, electrocardiogram, hearing tests, and brain imaging are performed on a yearly basis. All these evaluations were continued during the shortage. The hospital's Ethical Committee of the AMC reviewed the protocol and deemed it as being a non-interventional study, which does not require formal approval under Dutch law.
Progression of disease was classified as a disease associated event according to the following slightly amended criteria, which were previously described [9, 11], or death. A neurological event was defined as a stroke or transient ischemic attack as diagnosed by a neurologist. A renal event was defined as progression of renal disease to CKD stage 5 (MDRD < 15 ml/min/1.73 m2, kidney transplantation, dialysis) or a 33% increase in plasma creatinine on 2 consecutive time points. A cardiac event was defined as symptomatic cardiac arrhythmia requiring anti-arrhythmic medication, implantation of an ICD or pacemaker, hospitalization for heart failure or cardiac arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). If symptomatic cardiac arrhythmia coincided with another cardiac event such as myocardial infarction or hospitalization for cardiac arrhythmia only one single clinical event was scored. The clinical event incidence per year per person was calculated from start of agalsidase beta treatment until the time of shortage and was compared to the clinical event incidence per year per person during the agalsidase beta shortage. Since clinical event incidence may increase as a result of aging, there is a potential risk of overestimating the event risk after the shortage when comparing it to the entire pre-shortage treatment period. In order to minimize this risk, an equal period of time directly before the shortage was compared to the period after the shortage.
Decline of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated by the abbreviated MDRD [15, 16] and was compared for an equal period of time before and during the shortage. Left ventricular mass was assessed by cardiac ultrasounds using the Devereux formula indexed for height . Quality of life (QOL) was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire . The SF-36 is a generic questionnaire with 36 items that measures functional health and well-being. It comprises eight domains: physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotional, mental health, and two summary components (consensus on the reliability of the summary components has not yet been achieved (e.g. [19, 20]). Domain and summary component scores range from 0-100; higher scores correspond to better health status or well-being. Minimal important clinical improvement (MCID) on the SF-36 subscales, defined as:' the smallest difference in score in the domain of interest which patients perceive as beneficial or harmful and which would mandate, in the absence of troublesome side effects and excessive costs, a change in the patient's health (health care) management' , has never been determined in Fabry disease. Therefore, MCID from other chronic illnesses were used for comparison [22, 23]. Assessment of pain was performed using the BPI questionnaire. Average BPI and SF-36 scores were calculated for the period of the shortage and an equal period before the shortage and subsequently compared.
Lysoglobotriaosylceramide (lysoGb3) levels in plasma were measured with a newly developed method based on tandem mass spectrometry with isotope labelled lysoGb3 as internal standard (manuscript in preparation). Plasma lysoGb3 was investigated in all males and females who were treated for at least one year with ERT before start of shortage (since lysoGb3 is known to stabilize thereafter ) and with an increased lysoGb3 at baseline. Lipid concentrations of two plasma samples before and two during the shortage were available, all on slightly different time points. Baseline MSSI (Mainz severity score index) scores were used to assess differences between patients experiencing increase in lysoGb3 or clinical events. Antibody (AB) analysis was performed by incubating blood of patients with 1 ng agalsidase beta. The amount of plasma needed to neutralize 50% of the enzymatic activity of 1 ng agalsidase beta was determined by titration. A sample was determined not neutralizing when a maximum plasma input of 15 μl (with a final volume of 200 μl) caused less than 50% neutralization.
Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 16.0 (IBM, Chicago). Continuous data are expressed as median (range), or mean (SD) when appropriate. Frequencies of clinical events during the shortage between treatment groups were compared using Fisher exact test. Differences in clinical event incidence per person per year and differences in lysoGb3, left ventricular mass, SF-36 and BPI scores were analysed using paired Wilcoxon signed rank test. To analyse decline of eGFR repeated measures were performed using a linear mixed model. The intercept was included in the random model as well as the follow-up, thereby optimizing the Akaike Information criterion. Covariates included follow-up and the interaction term for follow-up and the shortage period as a dichotomous variable. Spearman rank tests were used to assess correlations between lysoGb3 and clinical response. Two tailed p-values < 0.05 were considered significant.
Thirty-five Fabry patients (17 males) were included in this study. Median age was 51 years (range: 18-69), with a median treatment duration until the shortage of 5.4 years (range: 3 months-10.3 yr). The median shortage duration for all patients was 1.3 (range 0.9-1.5) years. Patients were divided in three treatment groups: an immediate switch group, a later switch group and a continued agalsidase beta group (Figure 1). The immediate switch group consisted of patients who directly switched to agalsidase alpha at the start of the agalsidase beta shortage (n = 2). The later switch group consisted of patients who first had a dose reduction of agalsidase beta (from 1.0 mg/kg/eow to 0.5 mg/eow or 0.5 mg/kg/month) and subsequently switched to agalsidase alpha (n = 18). Finally, the continued agalsidase beta group consisted of patients who continued on their reduced dose: from 1.0 mg/kg/eow to 0.5 mg/kg/month (n = 15). The median treatment duration with agalsidase alpha in the immediate and later switch group was 0.9 year (range: 0.5-1.4 yr.).
During the agalsidase beta shortage 7 clinical events occurred. Five events occurred in patients while their agalsidase beta dose was reduced, whereas two clinical events took place after the switch to agalsidase alpha (see Figure 1). Events included a stroke, an implantation of a pacemaker because of total atrio-ventricular-block, 1 scheduled implantation of a cardiac defibrillator due to a non-sustained ventricular tachycardia already present before the agalsidase beta shortage, 1 kidney transplantation due to pre-existent chronic kidney failure, 2 hospitalizations because of cardiac arrhythmia, and 1 myocardial infarction. The patients in whom a clinical event occurred during the shortage were significantly older: 55.3 vs. 46.7(p = 0.02) compared to those not having a clinical event, but their median treatment duration or baseline MSSI did not differ significantly (p = 0.79, respectively p = 0.15). The number of clinical events which occurred during the agalsidase beta dose reduction or during the switch to agalsidase alpha did not differ significantly (p = 0.11).
The median clinical event incidence per person per year did not differ significantly (p = 0.68), neither for males and females separately (table 1). When the clinical event incidence was calculated for an equal period of time before as during the shortage, no differences in clinical event incidence were found (male p = 0.25, females p = 0.14). To compare agalsidase beta 1.0 mg/kg/eow with the period of agalsidase beta dose reduction, clinical event incidence was determined until switch to agalsidase alpha. Again, no significant differences were found in clinical event incidence (p = 0.77).
Clinical event incidence before and during shortage.
Clinical event (CE) incidence (clinical events per person per year) was compared before and during shortage.
Two patients were excluded from the analysis: one patient received a kidney transplant shortly before the onset of shortage, of the other patient no creatinine value before the shortage was available. The percentage of patients using ACE-inhibitors or AT2-antagonist (64%) during the study was stable and comparable between groups. Mean MDRD decline per year before and during the shortage did not differ significantly for males; before: - 0.81 mL/min/1.73 m2/year (CI: -5, 3.4), during: -1.12 (CI:-2.6, 2.0), p = 0.79, or for females; before: -1.12 (CI: -5.6, 3.3), during: -1.38 (CI:-3.7, 3.20), p = 0.88.
Analysis of left ventricular mass was restricted due to limited data. Only 12 patients (3 males) had a cardiac ultrasound available after one year of the onset of the shortage. The change in left ventricular mass in these patients ranged from -13 to + 38 gram/m2.7 (p = 0.9) and showed no correlation to clinical event incidence, age or plasma lysoGb3.
BPI scores before and during the shortage were available for twenty-nine patients, with a median number of five questionnaires (range: 3-8). No statistical differences were found for any of the BPI items before and during the shortage. Patients for whom BPI was not available did not report an increase of pain during the shortage.
For thirty patients SF-36 questionnaires were available before and during the shortage, with a median number of five questionnaires (range 3-8). Though almost all scales decreased during the shortage, only statistical significant differences were found in females for the general health perception and vitality subscale (table 2 and Figure 2). Comparing our mean changes to the minimal clinical important difference determined in other chronic diseases (general health subscale: 2.4 vitality: 5-7.8) [21–23], the changes were on the borderline of clinical meaningful differences.
SF-36 scores from females and males separately before and during the shortage. P-values represent SF-36 scores compared before and during the shortage.
Mean difference SF-36-scores in females. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals. An asterisk represents statistical significance of p < 0.05.
Twenty-three patients reported complaints spontaneously at our outpatient clinic. They consisted of: tiredness (n = 11), gastro-intestinal complaints (n = 3, pre-existing), increase of angiokeratomas (n = 1), palpitations (n = 3, pre-existing), collapse e.c.i (n = 2, no cardiac arrhythmia found), angina (n = 5, no proven ischemia by cardiologist), dyspnoea (n = 2, one new complaint), and headache (n = 1, pre-existing). Three patients experienced neurononopathic pains, of which one patient reported pain for the first time. The other two had no aggravation of previous existing pain.
Plasma lyso Gb3 was determined in a subset of 17 patients (14 males). In males, median lysoGb3 before the shortage was 22.5 nM (range: 8-63.9) and 32.4 nM (range: 17.1-93.1) after ± 1 year of shortage. A statistical significant increase of 8.1 nM (range: 2.5-29.2) lysoGb3 was seen after approximately 1 year of the shortage (p = 0.001) (see Figure 3a). For females, median lysoGb3 before the shortage was 7.1 nM (range: 4.3-9.2) and 8.5 nM (range: 4.9-8.9) after approximately 1 year of shortage, which was not statistically different (p = 0.3) (see Figure 3b). The increase in lysoGb3 in men was significantly larger than in females (8.1 vs. 0.6 nM, p = 0.003). Values did not return to pre-treatment values (data not shown). Increase in lysoGb3 was found both in patients who switched to agalsidase alpha and patients on a reduced agalsidase beta dose (7.4 vs. 6.3 nM p = 0.7). These groups were differed in respect to lysoGb3 levels in the pre-shortage samples, which tended to be higher in the reduced agalsidase beta group (31.5 vs. 16.4 nM, p = 0.07). However, pre-treatment lysoGb3 values were comparable (p = 0.8).
Individual plasma lysoGb3 levels before and after approximately 1 year of shortage for 3a. males and 3b. females. In males a significant increase of lysoGb3 is seen after 1 year of shortage. 3c. Males with (AB+, solid line) and without antibodies (AB-, dashed line) do not show a significant difference in lysoGb3 increase. 3d. Percentage increase of lysoGb3 after 1 year of shortage in the continued agalsidase group vs. later switch group (males only). The continued agalsidase group was dose reduced from 0.5 mg to 0.25 mg/kg/eow. The later switch group was first dose reduced to 0.5 mg/kg/eow agalsidase beta and subsequently switched tot agalsidase alpha 0.2 mg/kg/eow. In the continued agalsidase beta group median lysoGb3 value at start of shortage (= 100%) was 31.5 nM and 16.4 nM in the switch group. Abbreviations: Fz: continued agalsidase beta group (blue line), switch: later switch group (red line).
Figure 3c shows that the increase of plasma lysoGb3 levels after 1 year of shortage between males with and without antibodies to agalsidase beta did not differ significantly (8.6 vs. 5.7 nM; p = 0.4). Antibody titers did not influence the increase of lysoGb3 (data not shown). There was no correlation between baseline MSSI scores and increase in lysoGb3 (p = 0.8). Also, treatment duration or clinical event incidence before or after the shortage did not correlate to differences in lysoGb3 (p = 0.6, p = 0.8, p = 0.5).
The global enzyme shortage of agalsidase beta and the subsequent dose reductions caused distress and concern in both patients and physicians. This was further supported by an EMA report, describing an increase of reports of (serious) adverse events suggesting an accelerated course of Fabry disease . We aimed to study the effects of the shortage by comparing clinical event incidence in the period before, to clinical event incidence during the shortage in the same patients. In summary, we did not find an increase in clinical event incidence during the agalsidase beta shortage or could establish that a reduced dose of agalsidase beta led to progression of disease during the shortage in an adult Fabry cohort. No definite conclusions can be drawn of the effect on left ventricular mass due to large variation of the (limited) data. During the shortage quality of life was significantly reduced in females on the vitality and general health subscales of the SF-36 questionnaire. The vitality subscale addresses energy level and tiredness and the general health perception subscale how patients experience their health (e.g. expectation of decreasing health). The SF-36 outcomes reported here are in accordance with earlier reports that demonstrated a decreased quality of life for male and female Fabry patients [26, 27]. Because of the small sample size and wide confidence intervals, caution should be taken in interpreting these results, as the SF-36 differences before and during the shortage were rather small. It is unclear whether these differences in subscales actually represent a clinical meaningful detoriation, especially for the individual patient. This issue, also referred to as 'minimal clinical important difference' (MCID) is determined in many other chronic diseases. Comparing our mean changes to the minimal clinical important difference in the literature [21–23], it can be doubted whether the changes actually represent a clinical meaningful difference.
The difference in outcome of our study and the EMA report could be explained by several reasons. As mentioned by the EMA, reporting bias due to increased awareness for adverse events might have overestimated the number of adverse events reported. The advice of the EMA to reinstitute the recommended dose in patients with deterioration of the disease may have stimulated physicians to report adverse events, as this might have favoured allocation of agalsidase beta for their patients. In addition, some of the criteria used to suggest deterioration during the shortage were of rather subjective nature (e.g. fatigue, nausea, diarrhoea), but were nevertheless considered as an adverse event. It is questionable whether subjective criteria truly represent clinical detoriation. Finally, the EMA report used the Fabry registry to assess more objective criteria of clinical detoriation (occurrence of complications of the disease e.g. cardiovascular events). The incidence of these events was too low and the observational period too short to draw definite conclusions.
Importantly, we could establish an increase in plasma lysoGb3 in nearly all patients evaluated, following reduction of the therapeutic enzyme dose. Plasma lysoGb3 elevation is a hallmark of Fabry disease and is associated with clinical manifestations. Therefore, this observation leads to the conclusion that recurrence of storage material most likely has occurred in these patients. This is in line with observations made for lysoGb3 and Gb3 after induction of neutralizing antibodies [24, 30, 31]. We could not demonstrate a correlation between clinical event incidence and noted increases of lysoGb3. The lack of correlation with clinical outcome could be explained by the fact that enzyme replacement therapy has at best a modest effect on the course of the disease. In other words: complications will occur both in treated and untreated patients, ERT only results in a slightly different complication rate in patients with advanced disease [9, 10] and at most stabilization of disease parameters in less severely affected patients [5, 8]. Also, on the short term the expected number of clinical events of this slowly progressive disease would be rather low. Given the modest treatment effect, it is unlikely that on the short term a lower dose of enzyme therapy has a major impact on the incidence of complications in such a heterogeneous and small cohort. Therefore, on the short term the biochemical response is probably the most sensitive way to evaluate the effects of the shortage.
Interestingly, an increase in lysoGb3 occurred both in patients with an agalsidase beta reduction to 25% of the initial dose (1 mg/kg/eow) and those switched to agalsidase alpha (0.2 mg/kg/eow). We noted that the pre-shortage lysoGb3 values were higher in the reduced agalsidase beta group. One might argue that the expected increase of lysoGb3 in the reduced agalsidase beta group could be less pronounced than the switch group, because the pre-shortage values were already at their near maximum level (i.e. pre-treatment levels). However, as the pre-shortage samples in the reduced agalsidase beta group did nod reach pre-treatment values this is unlikely.
All patients with an available lysoGb3 value who switched to agalsidase alpha were previously dose reduced on agalsidase beta. Therefore, the increase in lysoGb3 could be attributed to the reduced agalsidase beta dose (and not to agalsidase alpha). However, these patients were approximately treated with agalsidase beta for six months, and subsequently with agalsidase alpha for about a year. It is therefore more likely that the increase is related to dose rather than preparation. This supports the earlier observations that not the enzyme preparation, but the doses are the most important determinants of biochemical response . The importance of biochemical markers to assess the effects of dose changes is elegantly shown in Gaucher disease, where chitotriosidase reflects differences in doses  as well as impact of withdrawal of imiglucerase treatment, which coincides with clinically relevant deterioration of disease such as decreases in platelet counts [33–35].
There are several limitations to this study. The period in which we examined the outcome of the agalsidase beta shortage was rather short. It is possible that the incidence of clinical events increases over a longer observation period. Therefore, studies in larger cohorts, with a longer follow-up are required. Lastly, it remains difficult to determine whether the clinical events that occurred during the shortage-period are caused by the shortage itself, or by the progressive nature of the disease despite therapy. The two clinical events that occurred within a month after the agalsidase beta shortage (an implantation of a pacemaker and a cardiac defibrillator) serve as an example: it is questionable (if not unlikely) whether these events were caused by a reduced agalsidase beta dose.
In conclusion, we established no increase in the clinical event incidence during the shortage of agalsidase beta. We disagree with the conclusion from the EMA report of an accelerated course of disease as a result of a lower dose of Fabrazyme. The impact on the biochemical response, however, indicates the recurrence of storage material and supports the supposition that there is a biochemical dose effect of ERT.
We would like to acknowledge E.E. Ormel for her dedicated and excellent support at the outpatient clinic. Furthermore, H. Goldij, who was essential for the lysoGb3 assessments, W.E. Donker and E.J. Hendriks are thanked for measuring antibody status. This study was supported by a grant from CVZ (College voor zorgverzekeringen).
C.E.M. Hollak, G.E. Linthorst, J.M.F.G. Aerts received reimbursement of expenses and honoraria for lectures on the management of lysosomal storage diseases from Genzyme Corporation, Shire, Actelion and Amicus Therapeutics. All honoraria are donated to the Gaucher Stichting, a national foundation that supports research in the field of lysosomal storage disorders. J.M.F.G. Aerts has earlier received an unrestricted joint study grant from Genzyme Corporation and Shire HGT to investigate lysoGb3 in Fabry plasma specimens.
B.E. Smid and S.M. Rombach once received a travel support from Shire. The authors J.E. Groener, S. Kuiper, M. Mirzaian, H.S. Overkleeft, and B.J. Poorthuis, declare that they have no competing interests.
BES performed acquisition, statistical analysis and interpretation of data, and drafting of the manuscript. GEL, CEMH, SMR participated in design of the study, interpretation of the data and helped to draft the manuscript. JEMG, MM and SK performed biochemical analyses and revised the manuscript. BJP, HSO, JMFGA developed a new method on tandem mass spectrometry to determine lysoGb3 and carefully revised the manuscript. All authors read and accepted the manuscript.
Press release EMA 25 june 2009. [http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/Press_release/2009/11/WC500008334.pdf].


Tips on starting licensed home day-care centers will offered at a free information night from 6:30 to 8 p.m. Tuesday at the Hillsboro school district offices.
Regulations, training, and organizational tools will be discussed along with potential costs, grants, and meal subsidies. Reservations are being accepted by the county health department at (620) 382-2550.


Kathryn Weaver has contributed to an article for Society for Human Resource Management which discusses the regulations around work-hours arrangements, particularly in relation to attendance, rest and overtime compensation, in China, Hong Kong and Singapore.
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